SOUTHERN PLANTER
■ v.65 no. 2-12 1904

(Ebe 1. H. Hill lEtbranj

North (£arnluia £tatp UninerattH

SI
S6

v.65
no. 2 -12

1904

This book must not be taken from
the Library building.

-AUG. 6S FORM 2

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65.

FEBRUARY, 1904.

Proprietors.

No. 2.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 77

Substitute for Cutting Box 79

Points to be Observed 80

Raising Alfalfa 81

Improving Eastern Virginia Lands 82

Tile Draining 83

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 109).. 83

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month 91

Pruning and Training Fruit Trees *-

Pecan Tree Not Bearing Nuts.

Trucking 91

The Lime-Sulphur Wash for San Jose Scale. ... 94

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

An Experiment with Aberdeen Angus Steers. . . 95

Hog Raising in the South 95

Herefords at the International Stock Show. ... 97

Polled Angus Cattle — Texas Fever Ticks 98

The Large Versus the Small Dairy Cow 99

Molasses for Hogs 100

Virginia Veterinary Medical Association 100

Milk Records for 1903 100

THE POULTRY YARD:

Raising Chickens by Natural Means 101

The New York Co-Operative Egg-Producing Ex-
periments i 102

Ducks and Winter Laying 102

Potato Fertilizer — Chemical Fertilizers 102

m%$ HORSE:

Notes 103

MISCELLANEOUS:

Editorial — Agricultural Teachers and Writers —

Dr. W. C. Stubbs 105

An Irish Potato Digger 10<>

North Garden Farmers' Club 106

Editorial— Country Life vs. City Life 107

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

D. H -ttlUt LIBRARY

N. C. STATE UNIVERSITY

0000<H>00000000<KKH>OOOC>000<1 0*HK»0{H>OvKJCK>a:HXK>0<>0<XHXK>CKH>l^^

LEE'S

PREPARED £> j& AGRICULTURAL

LIME

g For COTTON When used on land with a fair amount of vegetation or with COMPOST [which is better] the 5
0 crops are as giod as from any Fertilizer. It prevents RUST and SHEDDING, and keeps the plants green much 0

O longer in dry weather. ft

O PEANUTS With, the same conditions as above, it is a COMPLETE FERT1L1Z1R for this CROP. Our custo- 5
§ mers say it is equal.to the BEST FERTILIZERS OX THE, MARKET. 8

O DARK HEAVY TOBACCO Haul out your farm pen scrapings, plow under and broadcast 500 to 600 §
O lbs. per acre [the earlier the better], and you will get a heavy crop of Tobacco and a fine crop of Wheat and n

2 Clover or other grass, and by proper rotation will have a rich lot for any crop. aj

0 BRIGHT TOBACCO Our customers say that 200 lbs. per acre in the drill with other Fertilizer will prevent X
x the tobacco from FIRING and giving it a GOOD CODY and increase its value $20 per acre. For Wheat, Oats, $

5 Clover and other grass it is exceptionally good . O

§ It prevents RUST, SCAB and SMUT in WHEAT an 1 all say it is the best thing for clover thev ever used. Fruit g
X Growers will find a WONDERFUL IMPROVEMENT by its use on their Orchards and Vineyards.

«■■» .OUR EXCELSIOR TOBACCO FERTILIZER. ^

O Has been tested for 6 years and has proved equal to and in some cases superior to the high-grade ammoniated goods ft

O on the market. We put in no useless filler and the farmer gets the 2,000 lbs. to the ton of valuable fertilizer for §

g the crops anil THE LAND. Hence they say their succeeding crops are much better than from other fertilizers. 5

We use no Amm jnia, but materials that ATTRACT and utilize that which nature furnishes.

§ Until the use of Peruvian Guano, it was not thought of when Virginia Tobacco ranked as the best grown in the Coun- g

o try for Export and Manufacturing. ft

O Our SPECIAL CORN FERTILIZER For land where there is not an abundance of vegetation s equal to any. A

8 PLAIN SHELL LIME No. 1 WOOD-BURNT LIME X

Constantly on hand at >owest prices. In car lots at lowest market price from kilns. 0

§ write for circulars. A. S. LEE & SON, R i c h rn o n d , Va. §

o a

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I The BARBOUR
| The HUGHES
The VIRGINIA

All of Virginia.

Tfe Southern Planter.

PRACTI

DEVOTED TO

AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
•UCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts."XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. "SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, February, 1904.

No. 2.

Farm Management.

W(

We had hope
write our usual
February issue
South have ret
■ditions but in t
now more than
in iry embrace

FOR THE MONTH.

iat before we were called upon to
cle on Work for the month for our
t weather conditions would in the
;d to something like normal con-
we have been disappointed. For
» months the land has been locked
d the indications still are as un-
promising for a singe as they were at the start. For
once our agricural situation is practically the
same as that of farmer at the North. Never since
the weather reals have been systematically kept
has the South hi such a long continued spell of win-
ter weather. T mean average temperature for the
month of JJecener was nearly G degrees below the
normal for thatkonth and so far January has been
more severe tha December. The result of this is
that all work onjie land has been brought to a stand-
still for a longctime than we have ever known, and
with the searcitof labor which is common through-
out the South, rmch inconvenience is going to be
caused, and it flll be difficult for the usual areas of
crops to be plamd. Work will have to be rushed all
through the pli ting season and doubtless much of
the crop will be >lanted in poorly prepared seed beds
with a eonscqniit probability of small yields. This

is a very di-scoi
-cover all the p
grass seeded ii
severe! v as flier

outlook but even that does not
bablc loss. Wheat, winter oats and
the fall are sure to have suffered
ha? been little snow anvwhere South

to protect the p ants. Possibly this may not turn out

as disastrous as we fear from the fact that the land
was very dry at the time when the frost set in and
there has been but very little thawing at any tiiuo
during the winter, hence the land has not heaved as
it would have done had it been full of water when
first frozen. Usually this is the case and the heav-
ing of the land when thawing breaks the roots and
.Iocs much of the damage which follows. We trust
this may turn out to be the case. If not it is possible
that much of the fall seeding will have to be done over
again and thus add to the press of work in the spring.
Wherever land was plowed previous to the commence-
ment of the frost it will be in fine condition for seed-
ing without much labor as the frost will have so disin-
tegrated it as to make it fall into a fine seed bed with
a touch of the harrow. The Southern farmer has, how-
ever, one source of comfort denied to his Northern
brother. The sun in February has a power which it
does not acquire in the North until several months
later and if we only once get rid of the cold icy
blasts from the Northwest it will not take long to
thaw out the land and permit of the beginning of
work. When this happens not a moment of time
should be lost in setting the teams to work and fitting
ihe land for seeding oats. We have never been advo-
cates for spring sown oats in the South as they rarely
make a profitable crop but in a season like this with
the probability of disaster to the fall sown crop and
extra land to put in crop in a curtailed planting sea-
son, it may well be politic to sow oats in the spring
and thus get some of the land out of the way and pro-

78

TTIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

during something. If tlic crop can be seeded in Febru-
ary we would sow Virginia grey winter oats, but if
not ready to seed until March, and we would not sow
later tlian March, we would then sow Rust proof oats.
It will pay to prepare tlie land well for oats and not
merely to sow them on the top and plow them down as
is too often done. Where the land is not in a fertile-
condition they should also have the help of some acid
phosphate, Bay 250 or 300 pounds to the acre and
when they commence to grow freely a top dressing
of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre will help
thorn wonderfully. The oat crop in Virginia last
year was grown on 200,529 acres and the average
yield was only 13 bushels to the acre or little more
than one-hall of the average for the whole country.
This ought to be improved upon and can be if onh
our advice is followed and a fair season follows.

ida pens and onts may be seeded for a grazing
and forage crop as soon as ever the land can be got
ready but should not be seeded later than March, as
this is essentially a cool weather crop and should be
off the eround before the hot weather comes or it will
be worth little for either purpose. The peas mildew
as soon as ever the hot weather sets in. The land for
this crop should be well prepared and the peas at the
rate of U or 2 bushels to the acre be seeded first and
be either drilled deep or be plowed down or be worked
in with a disc cultivator so as to give them a cover of
5 or C inches. The oats, three-fourths of a bushel to
the acre, should then be sown on the land and be cov-
ered with a harrow. This crop makes one of the best
early grazing cron9 for hogs and if not wanted for
this purpose mokes fine hay and comes off the land
soon enough to be followed by peas or corn or another
forage crop. A dressing of 250 or 300 pounds of acid
phosphate to the acre will help the crop considerably
and usually pays well.

1 hvarf Essex Rape may be sowed this month and

in March for a grazing crop for hogs, sheep or young

cattle. Plow and make the land fine and sow either

broadcast or in drills 2 feet apart. Three pounds

! will l>o sufficient for an acre sowed in drill.

Five should be seeded broadcast. Thi9 crop can only

1 as green feed. It cannot be cured for winter

The crop can be followed by a pea or corn crop

tfae same season as it will not stand through tbo hot

weather.

It is too early to sow any other crops than those
above mentioned and therefore all the time available
after these are seeded should be given to preparing the

land for other spring sown crops. All recent investiga-
tions and experiments go to support the position wo
have long taken up, that perfect preparation of the
land before seeding the crop has more influence on
the yield than the fertilizer used. The latest investiga-
tions by the experts of the Department of Agriculture
go to prove that there is in all land, except the most
barren, more than sufficient mineral plant food to pro-
duce paying crops for years to come and that the prob-
lem to be solved is how to make this available. It is
not more mineral plant food that is needed but such a
physical and mechanical condition of the soil as will
result in the holding of such a moisture content as will
dissolve this food and thus render it available. This
can only be brought about by deep plowing, sub-soil-
ing and cultivating the land so as to reduce it to the
finest consistency and the greatest depth of soil and
the filling this with vegetable matter which will bold
the moisture and make the soil fitted for the habita-
tion and working of the soil microbes upon which the
availability of the plant food mainly depends. Al-
ready some few of the most successful farmers in the
South have demonstrated the truth of these positions,
and have cither altogether abandoned the use of com-
mercial fertilizers or still use only the particular ele-
ment of plant food which they have by experiment
and experience proved to be lacking in their soil.
We know of one farmer farming over 1,500 acres of
land who has never used an ounce of commercial
fertilizer in his life, and yet he makes some of the
heaviest crops of any farmer in the South, and does
this with the greatest profit The farm on which he
accomplishes this was twenty years ago as poor a one
as could be found in the section in which it is located.
The whole improvement has been made by deep plow-
ing, perfect cultivation, the growth of leguminous
crops, and the application of the farm yard manure
made by a large bead of stock. These methods have
put the land into fine physical and mechanical con-
dition, and filled it with the soil microbes essential
lo successful crop production. The yields so pro-
duced are converted largely into beef, pork, milk and
ether concentrated products, or when in excess of the
necessity of the place, are sold on the markets in the
form produced, and the resulting cash comes back
to the farm without a fertilizer bill to pay out of it
What one man has done all may do, though we fully
realize that on many, probably most, farms, the use of
one or more of the elements of plant food may often
be found both useful and profitable, but the use of
factory mixed commercial fertilizers we most unhesi-
tatingly say is unwise and has never received any en-
couragement in this journal. The farmers of tho

1904.]

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

79

South throw millions of dollars away every year in
the use of tliese mixed goods. Eind out what element
of plant food your soil needs by ashing it the question
in a experiment on a series of small plots, giving to
one plot one element and to the others others, either
singly or in combination and giving to another plot
nothing but deep and perfect cultivation. In this
way you will know what, if anything, needs to be sup-
plied, and then buy that only, and save hundreds of
dollars now going to the fertilizer makers for some-
thing you do not need. Our own personal expe-
rience has been always on this line. We never bought
a factory mixed fertilizer in our life, and we never
advise one. Bo not wait until you are just ready to
use the fertilizer before ordering it. You ought to
have so laid out your system of rotation and crops
for this season that you know now what fertilizer, if
tmy, you will need. Order at once and then you will
have it when vou want to use it.

If after the frost goes some of the wheat and winter
oat fields are found to he so badly injured as not to be
likely to produce a paying crop instead of seeding
them with spring oats break wth a disc harrow or
cultivator and make into a fine seed bed and sow grass
and clover or grass alone on such part of the land as
was enriched with fertilizer for the failed crops.
.Although we are not advocates for the spring seeding
of grass usually, yet we think that in such a season as
this, where disaster in many cases must necessarily
have overtaken the fall sown crop, such a departure
is justified, and if the season be at all a normal one
will, if sown without a grain crop, in all probability
make a stand, which will supply the place of the killed
fall sown one. We have had recently a considerable
number of letters from subscribers in different parts
of this State and from adjoining States, approving
our often expressed advice to sow grass without a
nurse crop, experience having resulted in complete
success where the old practice had too often resulted
in failure. Grass may be seeded in the spring at any
time up to the end of March. On the land not fitted
to produce a grass stand, work with the disc harrow or
cultivator and make fine and sow on part Ilairy Vetch
and oats for green forage or hay, and on other part
rape (Dwarf Essex) for grazing for the hogs and
young cattle. Hairy Vetch is best seeded in the fall,
but we have known a good crop made seeded in the
spring. These crops may be seeded from Eebruary
to the end of March, but it will be useless to sow
them later with any certainty of success.

Tobacco plant beds should be burnt and seeded as

soon as ever the weather will allow of this being
done. We expect to see a large reduction in the area
of tobacco grown in North and South Carolina in con-
sequence of the high price and prospective high price
of cotton. This should lead our growers in this State
to plant more liberally as the price of the crop cannot
fail, if the quality be good, to be favorably affected.
Get seed of a good type like the Orinoco and Pryor
varieties wherever the land is suited to these types,
and in the dark shipping sections sow the seed of
heavy broad leaved types, and not the long, narrow
One sucker variety.

In the cotton sections we would urge that our
friends should not lose their heads because cotton is
now so high, and plant nothing but cotton. Make
plenty of cotton, but do not fail at the same time to
make provision for raising all necessary home sup-
plies, and do not slip back into the old rut of growing
cotton to buy home supplies with. Let the cotton be
a surplus crop, and then it cannot fail to be a profit-
able one. A slipping back into the old rut means
sooner or later bondage to the storekeeper and land
running bark into poverty again. Maintain and en-
hance the fertility of the land by growing peas and
other forage crops, and keeping stock, and then the
yield of the cotton crop will also be enhanced, and a
bale to the acre will he made for less than the cost of
the present average yield. Read what we have said
as to the preparation of the land and the use of mixed
commercial fertilizer, and act upon the advice given.
It will pay the cotton planter to do so as well as the
general farmer.

Make out orders for seeds required and send them
to the dealers at once, and thus be certain to have your
seed when you need it. Test a small sample of each
seed bought, and thus be certain that you have some
knowledge of what proportion of the seed will germi-
nate, and thus have a guide in seeding. Place the
sample to be tested on a piece of damp flannel in a
saucer in a moderately warm place and cover with
another piece of damp flannel, and the seeds will soon
show what proportion will germinate.

SUBSTITUTE FOR CUTTING BOX.

Editor Southern Planter:

It may interest any one whose cutting box is broken
to know that corn fodder can he rapidly cut with an
ordinary buck saw and horse as stove wood is pre-
pared. Place a bundle of fodder in the horse, hold it

80

TTTE SOTJTITEEX PLANTETl.

[February

with one knee and cut into any length faster than a
cutting box with lever power.

Montgomery Co., Md. Otis Bicft.ow.

The revolving cutter is now so cheap that no one
having a few head of live stock ought to waste time
with the old lever cutting box, or a huck saw. — Ed.

POINTS TO BE OBSERVED.
Editor Southern Planter:

How to obtain the largest net return is of all ques-
tions the most important in farm management. In
the solution of this problem the farmer has others to
settle — namely which crops to produce and what fer-
tilizers to use in order to produce them. Soil, cli-
mate, geographical position, markets, transportation
facilities, labor, political and social conditions must
all be considered before these questions can be in-
telligibly answered.

In the laboratory, where chemical and physical
researches are conducted, all conditions that can pos-
sibly influence results are under control or can be
definitely determined, and experiments can therefore
be conducted with all the accuracy demanded in the
strict methods of scientific investigation.

On the other band, in the experiments with field
crops, we have to deal with living organisms, which,
in the activity of their growth and development are
influenced by any slight changes in their environ-
ments. Changes in location, soil and culture all have
a corresponding effect on plant production.

The careful work that is done at experiment sta-
tions and on experiment farms is useful mainly for
the study and definition of scientific principles, and
is thus of great value and importance as a source of
general information. The practical application, bow-
ever, in individual cases should depend on home ex-
periments. Here the results obtained under the ex-
isting conditions will be more definite and of far
greater specific value than those arrived at under
other influences.

An experiment which would pay every farmer to
make, whether he farms on a large or small scale, is
that of testing the improved varieties of the different
agricultural plants which are being constantly put on
the market. ^lany of them possess real merit, but
just tu- with the different breeds of animals, they are
not all adapted to the same section. Some of them
which on one farm would greatly increase the profits
over an old or another variety, might on another
farm, only a few miles away, be a failure. The
writer has had an experience of just this kind with

robacco. On one farm a particular variety was
grown very successfully, while only four mile3 away
it was impossible to grow this variety at anything
but a loss, though here another sort was grown very
profitably. Like instances, perhaps not so marked
;is this one, are known of other farm and garden
plants. If the yield can be increased by changing
the variety the gain is clear, since it costs as much
to grow a poor sort as it does a good one.

The farmer cannot alford to risk his whole crop, or
;mv large part of it, with a variety which he has not
tried himself. Consequently he should plant each
year a few plots to some new sorts. The extra cost
and labor would amount to almost nothing, when com-
pared to the profits and satisfaction of knowing and
having the best.

Some few fertilizer tests on the farm where fertil-
izers are used would be very valuable as well as edu-
cational. The different available elements of plant
food found in the soil vary greatly in quantity ac-
cording to location, formation and system of crop
rotation.

No farmer can use commercial fertilizers intelli-
gently and economically until he knows just the kinds
and amounts of plant food be must apply to his soil
in order to produce the most paying crop. Whenever
too much or too little of an ingredient, or one which is
not needed is used, he loses citlter in direct cash or in
bis crop. There is no doubt that large amounts are
annually lost in this manner.

It seldom, if ever, pays to use one of the so-called
complete fertilizers. It is much more economical to
buy your ammonia or nitrate, phosphoric acid and
potash, and apply them to the land cither separately
or mix at home, than to pay a manufacturer several
dollars per ton for mixing an article which may be out
of all proportions to your needs, besides the extra
freight and cost of handling a large amount of filler
which is often used.

All that is necessary for making some interesting
and valuable tests are a few small plots of land, usu-
allv of one-tenth or one-twentieth of an acre each laid
out on an even, level portion of the field. These plots
are all broken, seeded and tilled in precisely the same
manner, but are treated differently as to application
of plant food. Some of the plots receive no fertilizer,
others one or two or all three of the plant food ingre-
dients and in varying proportions. The crops from
each plot are harvested separately, carefully weighed,
and the quality noted. Thus, the results obtained
from the various plots show the effectiveness of the
different fertilizer combinations in producing yield
and quality, and the man who tills the soil will know

1904.]

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

81

exactly what his own particular soil needs in order to
produce the host crops.

Meade Fetcgusox^
Assistant Professor of Agriculture.
Experiment Station, Black&burg, Va.

RAISING ALFALFA.
Editor Southern Planter:

A friend living in the West has written to me, stat-
ing that a land agent had offered to sell him a farm at
$10 per acre, and had told him that he could make
$2,000 yearly from 50 acres of alfalfa. My friend
wants to know whether such profits are possible.

In answer to this and many other inquiries I wish
to say that the future success of such an enterprise de-
pends upon several conditions. If it is intended to
sell the hay at prices yielding $40 per acre revenue
there must first be a convenient market for the hay.
The price of hay depends partly upon local condi-
tions, but is always influenced by the market prices in
the nearer towns. If you live near a city like
Richmond, for instance, hay will command a good
price at all times, no matter whether the immediate
neighborhood is in need of hay or not, because the
city will consume the surplus and much more than
■will be raised for many years.

Perhaps more important even than a market is the
condition of the soil. Alfalfa will not grow on wet,
clammy land nor in poor sand or gravel. Properly
cared for, alfalfa will yield large crops; improperly
cared for, the profit will be small.

Taking it for granted that the land offered for $10
is of proper quality, the next question is: How many
acres-are cleared, free from brush, rocks, etc. If the
farm consisted of 300 acres and only 100 acres were
cleared and in good condition, our friend should
charge the entire price of the farm to this one hun-
dred acres, and every acre would then cost him $30
instead of $10. lie might, perhaps, be able to sell
the other 200 acres, and thus reduce the cost of the
remainder. If he is going to farm, he will have no
time to attend to cutting or selling wood, lumber, etc.
lie will have plenty to do to get his farm in order.

If there is any ditching or laying of tile to be done,
that would have to be added to the cost. And fencing
will cost some money also. Another point to be con-
sidered is the state of fertility of the soil. Some
lands are poor, others in fair condition. It may
easily take $10 per acre for fertilizer to make the
poor land as fertile as the fairly rich soil.

let us suppose that our friend has bought 100 acres
of clear land suitable for alfalfa. If he sows a small

patch, say 5 or 10 acres to alfalfa, he will have a nice
iot of green feed and some excellent hay to feed bit
stock, and a few Ions to sell. Put to make hay rais-
ing a business requires doing things on a larger scale.
And if he thinks to do the work of setting the land to
alfalfa little by little from year to year he will get old
and gray before be gets through, because farming the
other lands will keep him busy. He should put off
luiying stock and implements except what may be
absolutely needed to work his alfalfa, and he should
devote ihe first year entirely to that one crop. He can
better afford to buy feed for his teams than to post-
pone working his alfalfa. Feed can be bought at all
times, but well-set alfalfa fields are not for sale at any
price.

Alfalfa requires well prepared and well fertilized
soil. Plow the land in the spring. Have the sub-
soil plow follow the turning plow to loosen the soil
deeply. Harrow immediately after plowing, unless
too wet. Spread 20 bushels of lime and 300 to 500
pounds of rock phosphate and some potassium chlo-
ride, if the soil needs "potash." Harrow well and sow
thickly to cow peas, hut wait until the ground is warm
enough. You can keep up plowing and subsoiling anal
sowing peas until June.

In July begin plowing under the first sowed peas.
Pisk the land in half-lap every week until September,
then spread again 20 bushels of lime and 500 to 1,000
pounds rock phosphate and also some potassium
chloride, if needed. If the disking has been properly
done, the field should be free from weeds. Never
plow the land shortly before sowing alfalfa. AVhile
alfalfa requires deeply stirred soil, the land must be
well packed again by frequent working of the surface,
and should be well settled. Harrow the land to a fine
tilth and sow from 25 to 30 pounds of the best West-
ern seed. If you have a press drill, 15 pounds of
seed to the acre will do. If broadcasted, use a roller
and follow with the smoothing harrow. Po not cover
the seed too deeply, but be sure that all is covered.
Infect the seed with alfalfa bacteria before sowing or
infect the land. The bacteria will be furnished free
by the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.
C'.j with instructions.

Keep everything off the field during fall and win-
ter, even dogs, for the young plants are very tender,
and will surely die if stepped upon, and there is no
way of filling the gap.

Next spring and during summer mow the field
every two weeks to kill the weeds. Leave the cutting
on the field as a mulch, but never allow large lumps
of hay or trash to lay on the field.

The following spring, if the land be dry, before the

82

THE SOUTIIE/RN PLANTED.

[Ecbruary

alfalfa starts to prow, disk it lightly, setting the disks
straight, following with a smoothing harrow cross-
ways to keep the land level. If the laud be wet, keep
the disk off.

After harvesting the first crop, disk well, setting
the disks to tear up the surface and to split the top
roots. Eollow again with the smoothing harrow.
Disk and harrow again after each cutting not only
to kill woods and grasses, hut also to provide a dust
blanket to prevent the soil from drying out Disk-
ing, of course, is not advisable when the ground is
wet or very moist

Each and every year supply the field with 10 to 15
bushels of lime and 500 to 1,000 pounds of rock phos-
phate and some potassium chloride, if the soil is in
need of "potash." Stable manure can be used to bet-
ter advantage on your corn field.

Cut your alfalfa whenever the field is in full
bloom, but don't wait until every plant blooms, be-
cause the leaves will drop off too easily if alfalfa is
permitted to bloom too long. The leaves are the best
part of the hay, and great care is needed to prevent
thorn from dropping when handling the hay. Cure
the hay in small cocks like red clover. If the hay is
ricked or stacked, put on covers. Never allow alfalfa
to grow to seed, as it will ruin the field.

While alfalfa enriches the soil even more than
clover, don't let anything tempt you to plow up an
alfalfa field unless another has been set to take its
place,

hundred years if properly cared for. Be on the look
out for dodder. If any appears, pull it out or mow
it before it goes to seed. It docs not grow from
roots. Don't allow broom straw to grow to seed near
the alfalfa field.

Of course, you can raise alfalfa without doing the
work properly, but slip-shod work always produces
poor crops. You may get some sort of a crop by
using less fertilizer. That reminds me of an old
German farmer. He was told that agricultural

and even more, tons per acre every year. It will
withstand drouth better than any other plant. If
poorly treated the weeds will crowd out the alfalfa,
and the crops will be poor. Eor the last eight years
hay has never been long below from $12 to $15 per
ton, often more. The cost of harvesting, if done with,
the aid of proper machinery, should not exceed $3
per ton, including baling. And it is more than likely
that the crop of any 100 acre field could be sold in
almost any neighborhood without having to haul it
The cost of fertilizing and disking would probably
(.mount to $10 or $12 per acre every year. Docs
alfalfa pay? Try it. And, by the way, do you
know of a well s-et alfalfa field in Virginia near a
large city that could be bought, for $100 per acre or
for$20o"or for $"00? N.

Hanover Co., Va.

IMPROVING EASTERN VIRGINIA LANDS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have derired much pleasure and profit from read-
ing your reminiscences of Mr. Edmund Puffin and
other agricultural writers in your January issue. I
fear much of Eastern Virginia is yet in about the
same fix as it was at the time Mr. Ivuffin began his
experiments to find out what ailed the soil of that
part of the State. Much of our lands are so wanting
Alfalfa will remain twenty and perhaps one! in lime and humus as to be almost worthless. I have

sought for the reason of this lack of lime. Some
five or more years ago Richmond made her gas from
coal, since then she has adopted water gas. The
coal gas was passed through bodies of shell lime to
purify it. This lime was made at the works. Since
I hey have made water gas they have stopped making
shell lime. The lime from the purifiers accumulated
in large heaps, and was bought by farmers for half a
cent a bushel. It was constantly hauled and spread
upon our lands, and notwithstanding some deleterious
pcicnce was progressing in such a way that he would matter, it did a world of good. It made the lands

soon be able to carry the fertilizer for an acre in his
pocket. "Yes," he admitted, "and you can carry the
crop home in the other pocket." Lands must be fed
as well as animals. You know the fable of the man
who left his donkey to his six sons, to be used by them
alternately. The first son said to the donkey: "My
brother will feed you to-morrow. You can do one
day without feed." Put the second brother and the
others thought likewise, and on the seventh day the
donkcv died. Too many Virginia farms are being
treated like this poor donkey.

If properly treated, alfalfa will yield from 4 to 8,

mprovo easily, converting the organic matter into
plant food. In the absence of the lime clover does
not set, the lands are getting poor and acid. We
must go to work and feed the soil with crops of rye
in the fall, followed by peas in the spring, and haul
lime, if it does cost six or seven cents a bushel, and
the hauling. It will be money well spent. Twenty
or thirty bushels per acre will do wonders with plenty
of vegetable matter in improving our worn out soils.
Crops are bringing money to our farmers, and they
must be up and doing, and help to make good the
defects of the soil. We must make more and better

1904.]

TIIE SOTJT1TEPN PLANTEP.

83

crops. There is no use cultivating two acres to make
what one will produce with a littlo help.

F. Guy.
Henrico Co., Ya.

TILE DRAINING.

Editor Southern Planter.

The soil of my farm is decomposed, rotten, Poto-
mac rock, gneiss, schist, etc., which, under water, be-
comes quick sand and compels in the laying of tile
extraordinary care and accuracy. In ignorance of
this fact, all my first laid tile ditches proved expen-
sive failures, as they were put in as though my land
was stiff Ohio clay, with which I was experienced.
I found that I must ditch only when the ground was
dry and solid in August, September and October;
next, that the joints must be perfect, and when laid
should be covered with paper or some such matter;
and thirdly, the grade or slope must be accurate and
uniform. To secure the latter essential, I tried va-
rious means without true success, until I adopted the
following plan :

When the ditch has been dug to near its bottom,
on each side, at its bead and foot, stakes are driven,
and to these boards are fastened with cheap quilting
frame clamps, costing 10 cents each, the upper edges
of the boards being seven feet above the tile bed or
groove. Intermediate at intervals of from 50 to 75
feet similar stakes are driven, to which boards are
similarly fastened. Py sighting over the tops of the
end or guide boards, perfect grade is secured. Now,
over all the boards a strong twine is drawn taut,
which, of course, throughout its entire length is pre-
cisely 6even feet above the tile bed. The ditcher with
a seven-foot measuring stick can bed bis tile with
perfect accuracy as to gra,de or slope. No engineer
with his instruments can get a truer tile bed than my
colored ditcher with his stakes, boards and twine.
Punning water has been recommended for finding bot-
tom. Thi3 will do on stiff clay soil, but fails on my
quicksand, for if the grade bo, say 24 inches to the
100 feet, water will run freely, though there be a
bump in the bottom of the ditch 8 or 10 inches high.

Any iregularity in the bottom of a quicksand tile
ditch soon brings failure. Paper will last until the
earth above the tile has firmly settled. The longer
the twine the better. If the ditch be 500 feet long
use a twine of that length, for then there can be no
deviation from grade. P. S. Lacy.

Alexandria Co.. Ya.

ENQUIRER'S COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of TnE SouTirEnn
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Nitrate of Soda— Humus.

Please inform me if there is any trouble or dan-
ger in handling ''nitrate of soda" and will it pay to
put on wheat that is looking very bad. Also take pity
on my ignorance and tell me what is "humus" and
how may a person know when there is much in the
land or otherwise. LLes. L. W. Codktney.

Northumberland Co., Ya.

Nitrate of soda may be handled without any dan-
ger. It is like coarse salt. Do not, however, spread
it on land where chickens or stock are feeding, or it
will poison them. This, however, will only happen
when they are on the land when it is sown. It is as
soluble as salt, and will all have disappeared in 24
hours if the weather be at all damp and in less time
with rain. It will help the wheat wonderfully. Ap-
ply 100 or 150 pounds to the acre just when the wheat
begins to grow, not before, as the plant requires to be
in an active condition, so that it can at once absorb
it. Humus is simply decayed vegetable matter. You
find it in all fertile soil, and is what our lands in the
South need much more than fertilizer. Any vege-
table matter makes humus as it decays. The darker
the soil usually the more humus it contains. — Ed.

Warts on Horses— Scratches.

What will take a wart off a colt ? This one is upon
the head between the eyes. What is good for the
scratches ? Wu. II. Pacujy.

King and Queen Co., Va.

If the wart is only small, clip it off with a pair of
scissors and touch the place with bluestone to stop the
bleeding. If the neck of the wart be very thick tie
a fine silk thread round it and keep drawing tighter
until the wart drops off or burn it off with bluestone
or caustic.

For scratches, give a laxative ball of 5 drams of
aloes. Wash the legs well and wipe dry, and then
apply vaseline 1 ounce, sugar of lead 1 dram, and
carbolic acid 10 drops mixed together. — Ed.

Silo Filling— Silage.

1. In filling silo, what power is necessary to make
reasonable progress in cutting and elevating, say 15
feet ?

2. Will the silage keep well in the South, and in
case not all used, will it keep over summer for next
winter ?

84

tite southern planter.

[February

3. Will bamboos prow well in North Alabama ?
What are the principle uses ? What ij known as to
their value in the States? L. T. Aykes.

Winnipeg, Canada.

1. A 5 or C horse engine -with cutter and blower is
necessary to make good progress.

2. Yes.

3. We are unable to give you definite information
as to bamboos. Some of the varieties are said to he
hardy as far north as Philadelphia. We believe the
Department of Agriculture has published some mat-
ter on this subject, but cannot put our hands on it.
Write the Department at Washington. — Ed.

Crops for Hogs.

1. What can be grown in the spring of the year
that will come in and make the earliest pasture for
hogs?

2. Could you sow rape and oats together and after
cutting the oafs have the rape for hog pasture?

3. Would I get a stand of clover by sowing the
three together, or cotdd 1 sow rape and clover to-
gether ?

4. Can I get a stand of crimson clover and red
clover together or would one smother the other out?

5. Please give me what would he the best succes-
sion of green crops for hogs during the summer, and
which may he the best way to feed ; to cut and give to
the hogs, or to turn the hogs in and let them eat them
down. A New Enquieeb.

Albemarle Co., Ya.

1. Canada peas and oats sowed together, or rape
will make the earliest pasture for hogs of anything
that can be sowed in spring. Sow as soon as the
weather will allow. In this issue will be found ad
vice as to these crops.

2. Pape should be sown alone to make the best
yield. You cannot sow rape and oats together and
cut the oats for a crop. If sown together they will
Lave to be pastured.

3. No.

4. Wc have known crimson and red clover sown
together and make a success, but the crimson is very
apt to kill out the red.

5. To make a good succession of crops for hogs,
work should begin in the fall by sowing crimson
clover and oats and wheat together in one plot, and
hairy vetch and oats and wheat in another. These
should be followed by rape in another plot sowed in
February or March. Then should follow artichokes
planted in March or April for winter feed. In May
soy beans, cow pens and sorghum should be sowed,
and in June corn and sorghum. These several crops
will then come in in order to supply feed for the hogs

i he whole year. The hogs should graze all the crop9
except the sorghum and corn, which are better cut
and fed to them. — Ed.

Diseased Fowls.

Will you kindly give me a remedy for my fowls?
They have a disease something like the gapes. They
are continually clearing their throats.

Henrico Co., Ya. A Subscriber.

Your hens have got a slight attack of roup from
sleeping in cold, drafty quarters. Catch those af-
fected and confine them to themselves and wash out
their nostrils and throats with compborated oil or
kerosene and give them a small quinine pill each.
Continue the treatment for a few days, when they
should be all right. The disease is like an influenza
cold, infectious. — En.

English Blue Grass— Hungarian Brome Grass.
Coculus Indicus.

1. Owing to the cold dry fall and hard freezing
weather we have had this winter I fear our fall seed-
ing of grass has been killed. I wish to try sowing
Randall or English blue grass on land I sowed in
wheat last fall. The Breeder's Gazette recommends
sowing blue grass in .January and February on land
that has been seeded to wheat. Please tell me if you
think a stand of English blue grass can be gotten if
seeded in these months?

2. Where can coculus indicus (fish berries) which
jou recommend for lice on cattle be bought?

3. Will Hungarian or Awnless brome grass come if
sown on wheat land in this or next month?

Fluvanna Co., Va. J. S. Payne.

1. All the grasses do better in the South seeded in
the fall, but when fall seeding fails we should not
hesitate to sow in the early spring. February and
March are the best months. Harrow the wheat and
then sow the grass seed, and if dry enough roll; if
not, leave as harrowed.

2. You can get the berries named at the drug stores.

3. Hungarian Brome Grass has succeeded well in
this State sown in the fall. Tike all the other grasses,
it docs better and is more certain to make a stand sown
alone, but will sometimes succeed with a grain crop.
Sow in February or March as directed for Randall
grass. — Eu.

Sheep Pulling Wool— Lump on Cow's Jaw.

1T What is the disease that causes sheep to bite at
their wool, and pull it out? I'lease give remedy.

2. I have a row thai lias had a swelling or lump on
lower jaw, for five or six months. It seems to gather

1904.]

TITE SOTJTITEBN PLANTETC.

85

and burst sometimes. She keeps a good appetite, but
she is losing ilesh and seems to be on the decline.
Please give me disease and remedy.

Charlotte (Jo., Va. SnnscninER.

1. The sheep have lice on them, and should be dip-
ped in one of the sheep dips, which you will find ad-
vertised in our columns frequently during the year.
Laidlaw, McKill Co., of Richmond, Va., make one
of the best dips.

2. The cow is very probably suffering from the
disease called Actinomycosis. Iodide of potassium
is the remedy for this. Give one and a half drams of
the drug daily in one dose dissolved in a pint of water
until improvement is noticed. Then decrease the
dose to one dram. Usually in about ten days the
disease is cured. — Ed.

Devon Cattle.

Would like to know through your paper your opin-
ion of the Devon breed of cattle, also where they can
be bought. E. J. Pannill.

Henry Co., Va.

The Devon breed of cattle whilst not now very
popular, is a breed that has many points of excel-
lence to recommend it for certain sections. It is a
breed that will do better on thin, rough, stony high-
lands than almost any other, as the cattle are easy
keepers and very hardy. They make the finest of
working steers, as they are more active than most
cattle, and yet strong and wiry. The steers also make
good beef, although they do not attain to a very heavy
weight. They are also useful milch cows in such
sections as we have indicated. !M. B. Powe & Co., of
Eredcricksburg, Va., advertise them in our columns.
—Ed.

Utilizing Bones— Coffee Grounds— Soy Beans.

1. What is the most practicable and economical
way to utilize bones for fertilizer?

2. Have coffee grounds any value as a fertilizer?

3. TIow do soja beans compare with cowpeas for
broadcast sowing for improving the land and making
hay? I am well pleased with the soja bean as a culti-
vated crop. The only drawback to the crop is the dif-
ficulty in cutting them, as I have not been able to cut
them with a mower, but have to use a stub scythe

I regard Tue Pi«awteb as the standard of excel-
lence in Southern agriculture, and look eagerly for
its monthly visits. J. \V. Bkyax.

Wayne Co., N. C.

1. Bones arc difficult to utilize for fertilizer in any
other way than by grinding them in a mill, and this
requires much power. They may, however, grad-
ually be made available by making a trench in clay

ground and putting in a layer of the bones and then
a layer of wood ashes until the trench is full, and then
making them moist with water and keep them in thns
condition until they become soft and so that they can
he mixed with soil.

2. We can find no analysis of coffee grounds. We
do not suppose they have any fertilizing value other
than as so much woody fibre, which, as it rots will
add that much vegetable matter to the soil.

3. Soy beans make an excellent hay crop but even
for this purpose they make a better yield sown in
drill wide enough apart to allow of being worked once
or twice. They will then on land of fair fertility
soon cover all the land. They may be cut with an
old short bladed mower, cutting one row at a time.
We know several growers who keep their oldest fash-
ioned mower for this purpose. — Ed.

Worms in Hogs.

We have a number of enquiries as to what to give
for worms in boss. Give half an ounce of turpentine
for each bog in the feed every day for a week. — Ed.

Broom Sedge in Orchard.

I have a wine sap apple orchard which is badly
taken with broom sedge, would it injure the trees to
burn it ? R. T. Masse y.

Westmoreland Co., Va.

We would not advise burning broom sedge in an or-
chard. It might result in serious injury to some of
the trees. Plow the sod and keep the orchard in cul-
tivation until July and then sow crimson clover and
a few oats, say 12 pounds of crimson clover seed and'
three-fourths of a bushel of oats per acre. This will
smother down all weeds and make a crop which will
feed the trees. Let this crop die down on the land
and then plow under, make fine, and seed to grass in
August or September. — Ed.

Draining Land.

Will you kindly give me in the February issue of
Tuk Planter the cheapest and best mode of under-
draining wet land. 1 have used chestnut pules cov-
ered with strong chestnut plank which is convenient
but muskrats can easily choke up a ditch or turn it
when material of this kind is used.

Nelson Co., Va. P. L. Camden.

The only means of making a permanently good job
of draining land is by the use of drain tile. These
when properly laid with sufficient fall and good clear
outlet will practically last forever and arc rarely
stopped up. The only thing which interferes with
them are the roots of trees which sometimes go down

86

THE SOUTTTEPN PLANTER.

[February

deep enough and find their way through the joints
and then increase in size until they stop the drain.
The roots of willows are usually the worst for doing
this. The cost of doing tile draining depends largely
en the facility for getting the tiles. Unfortunately
thej' are not made in many places in the South and
hence are hurdened with heavy freight charges. It
tiles are to he had at a near point the cost should not
exceed $20 per acre. — Ed.

Improving Mountain Land for Orchards— Seeding to
Grass.

We have a mountain place some 1,800 feet eleva-
tion in Northern Virginia on eastern slope of Blue
Ridge, soil red clay intermixed with gravel, with con
siderahle quantity of loose stone on surface, which we
are clearing of the forest growth and planting to ap-
ple and peach. We wish to keep up fertility without
using commercial fertilizer and give good cultivation
to the trees. Have tried cowpcas hut they do not do
very well, seems to be t oo cool for them. Corn ripens
very slow and soft. The fodder makes good growth.
Would Canada peas be likely to do better than cow
peas on this place? Have a lot of some ten acres w<
wish to get in blue grass to pasture our mules and
cows. Would it lie well to sow this to Canada pea
and oats this spring, and sow rye with blue grass in
August or September? Subsceibee.

liappalianjiock Co., Ya.

The Canada Pea sown with oats will no doubt suit
your conditions much better than the cowpea. Can
ada peas are natives of a cool climate and the difficulty
we have in growing them successfully in the central
plain and coast sections of the Southern States is oc
easioned by the great heat of the early summer. To
grow them here they should be planted in January
or February and be cut in Hay. In your mountain
Jand you will grow them successfully sown in March
or April and they may be either cut or grazed down.
For your purpose of improving the land they should
be grazed in the summer. Sow two bushels of peas
andvone bushel of oats per acre.

We would sow the blue grass in August after the
pea crop has been plowed down and the land been well
prepared. Sow the grass alone or with a very light
seeding of rye. We prefer sown alone. — En.

Cross-breeding Sheep.

I am a breeder of Shropshire sheep and find dif-
ficulty in getting them to breed in time for early
market lambs, and have been contemplating purchas-
ing some Borsets to cross the Shropshire bucks with.

Kindly tell me if the first cross could be used for
early breeding with any success.

Florence, Md. J. N. Warfieed, Je.

We do not advise the cross breeding of Shropshire8
and Uorsets or indeed of any pure breeds. A cross
of pure bred animals is always an uncertain factor.
The prepotency of these pure bred animals is great
and what the result of a cross under such circum-
stances may be no one can tell. As both Shropshire^
and Borsets are very prepotent it is especially uncer-
tain what the result of a cross would be. We would
prefer to use Borset bucks on grade Merino ewes
rather than on the Shropshircs to get the rsults de-
sired. We know this to be a success and the second
and third cross will give sheep practically Borsets in
appearance and early breeding propensity. — Ed.

Bermuda Onions.

Can you give me any information in regard to the
Bermuda onion ?

1. ITow are they propagated, from seed or sets like
the hill onion?

2. Can you tell me how to plant and cultivate
them. A Subsceibee.

Roanoke Co., Va.

Bermuda onions like all the Spanish and Italian
varieties are grown from seed which may be sowed
either in the fall or spring. The most certain way
is to sow the seed in a gentle hot bed and then when
the plants are big enough to handle to set them out on
■he bed where they are to grow in rows wide enough
apart to allow of cultivation and about 4 or 5 inches
apart in the row. When the plants are raised in the
fall they should have the protection of a cold frame
during the winter and should not be set out in spring
until the weather becomes mild. — Ed.

Cocke's Prolific Corn— Maize.

Where can I get some Cockes Prolific Seed Corn
and the price of it per bushel ? Where can I get
maize seed? T. L. Asubuen.

N orlhurnherland Co., Va.

You will find Cockes Prolific Corn offered in our
advertising columns and it can be had from T. W.
Wood <Xr Sons, Richmond, Va. Maize is simply the
botanical name for corn. — Ed.

Cocke's Prolific Corn— Lime— Earliana Tomato.

1. Of whom can I get Cockes Prolific Corn, as I
wish to plant some of it this year? I see it is highly
recommended in Southern Planter. Of whom can
I get the Spark's Earliana tomato seed?

2. What is the difference in the agricultural
strength in Lee's prepared lime, oyster shell and rock

1904.]

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

87

lime? I wish to lime about sixty acres this spring
and I wish to use the kind of lime which is best, tak-
ing into consideration the cost. P. S. Simmons.
Prince George Co., Ya.

1. You will find Cockes Prolific Com and the Ear-
liana Tomato advertised in this issue.

2. There is no difference in the chemical composi-
tion of rock lime and oyster shell lime. They are
both carbonates of lime and cither may be used with
advantage. Lee's prepared lime is made from a
private formula and we do not know its chemical com-
position but know that many farmers use it with suc-
cess.— Ed.

Hog Pasture.

Will rape, if sown in February, mature sufficiently
by the first of April to pasture hogs on and how long
will it last if not grazed too closely? I have a two-
acre lot which I wish to seed to something for spring
and summer pasture for hogs. I wish to pasture them
from about the first of April to the first of August.
The entire two acres is under one enclosure. What
would you advise ? T. T. Ekaziek.

Durham Co., N. C.

We know of no single crop which you coidd now
plant which would give you grazing for your hogs
from April to August. If you had seeded crimson
clover, oats, wheat and rape together in the fall on
half the land this would have made grazing to June
and the other half seeded to cowpeas in May would
have given good grazing in '11117 and August. Rape
sown now should give grazing by April but the crop
does not usually stand the hot weather of summer.
Perhaps the best course would be to seed half the land
in rape, five pounds to the acre broadcast, as soon
as possible and then seed the other half to cowpeas
or cowpeas and sorghum in May. Together this com-
bination would give you the grazing you seek. — Ed.

Pecans.

1. I have about 10 acres T want to put to pecans.
Would it pay me to get seedlings at $fi per 100 and
graft twigs from the best varieties into them, when 1
can get trees of the best varieties at 70 cents per 100 ?

2. Which variety would you advise me getting to
realize the most from my orchard \

3. Can you give me the recipe for making grafting
wax ? J. P. Reaves.

Latla, S. C.

1. We presume you have made a mistake in this
question. We assume that you mean "best varieties
at 70 cents each." We would buy trees of the best
varieties even at 70 cents each in preference to seed-

lings at $0.00 per hundred. Seedlings arc very un-
certain in their production.

2. We believe you would realize more and moro
quickly from the trees than the seedlings grafted.

3. Grafting wax is made of three parts of rosin,
three of beeswax and two of tallow, melted together.
—Ed.

Seeding to Grass.

We are working on a hillside with the object of
^ceding it in grass as an extension to our lawn. It has
been washed by rain, leaving upper part of very poor,
red soil. We are treating this hillside as follows:

Dumping wagon loads of compost made last year
in piles convenient for spreading also making moro
compost from last year's fall of leaves. In these com-
post heaps we have used acid phosphate freely. A
small lot of sheep in a moveable pen were started on
the hillside the latter part of October. In addition to
this the hillside is now about half covered with barn-
vard manure, which we haul and spread as conven-
ient. We are still further hauling good soil from bot-
tom land, where we can spare it, and placing in heaps
ready to spread. Our intention is to plow shallow as
possible in the spring, after spreading compost and
soil, and follow plow with suhsoiler and harrow. Tho
article in your October number convinces me that
lime should be applied, but I am at a loss to know the
best time and method of applying it in view of the
progress already made.

Any advice you can give will be appreciated.

Transvylvania Co., N. C. A Subscribed.

Now that you have got manure on the land it would
not be wise to apply lime as it would release the am-
monia which the grass will need. We think you will
succeed in getting a stand and can then give a top
dressing of lime next fall and harrow in lightly. — Ed.

Oyster Shells.

Would ground oyster shells be as suitable and as
readily available for our coast soils as burnt and
slacked lime? E. M. Sue pp.

Harrison Co., Miss.

Ground oyster shells would be just as effective as
ground rock lime but neither are so effective as burnt
-lacked lime. Ground rock lime is being used quite
extensively in some sections and whilst slower in its
action is being found effective. The grinding, how-
ever, requires to be very fine. — Ed.

Windbreak.

1. I live about eight miles east of Richmond and
would like to plant some evergreens for a windbreak.
What do you consider the most suitable for this cli-

88

TTTE SOUTITETCN PLANTER

[February

mate? Will Norwnj spruce, hemlock or American
arbor vitae do well bore '.

2. What bamboos arc hardy in tbis latitude, where
the scuppcrnong grape grows wild? Mr. II. Drcer
states that tJ. Turea, I>. Metakc, B. Nigra and 13.
Simoni arc hardy at Philadelphia.

Hanover Co., Va. John Fi.ick.

1. Norway cprnee will answer best though it is not
apt to be very long lived in this State. Hemlock will
grow but takes a long time to make a break. There
are one or two species of foreign arborvitaes which
have bf-en rceontlv introduced by the Department of
Agriculture which appear likely to make good wind
breaks. They arc Italian species. The American
arborvitae does not do well in the South.

2. We cannot advise you as to the bamboos. We
Wieve the Department of Agriculture issued some
information on these plants sometime ago but we can"
not put our hands upon it just now. A letter to the
Department at Washington might get you this. — Ed.

Grass for Name.

Please give the English and Latin names of the en-
closed grass. Also state if it is good for forage.

Richmond Co., Va. M. C. Lewis.

The botanical name of the grass is Paniciim clan-
aeslinvm. We cannot give the English name as it is
known locally by various different names. It is not
known to have any forage value but experiments will
be made by the Department of Agriculture to test
this. — Ed.

good as corn. It is usually threshed like wheat, and
the grain ground or fed whole. It is less wasted
when ground, as unground much of it passes through
cattle undigested. It will succeed anywhere in the
South. It is planted, worked and harvested like
corn, but may be dropped closer in the rows. The
^rain weighs f>0 rjounds to the bushel.

Soy beans are harvested for the beans by cutting
with a short bladcd reaper or scythe and set up in
shocks to dry ami cure out like wheat or oats. — Ed.

Stock on Wild Range Near the Seacoast.

I want to run a mixed herd of cattle, horses, sheep
and goats on wild land with grasses, reeds, rushes and
shrubs for pasturage. Part of the land is high and
part low and wet. Do you think it would be well to
have such a mixed herd? Closs Gibbs.

Hyde Co., N. C.

This is a subject on which we hesitate to advise, as
its success will depend so largely on local conditions,
as to pasturage, etc. We doubt, however, whether it
woidd be advisable to attempt to run sheep on such a
range. A limited number of cattle, horses and goat*
might succeed. — Ed.

Kaffir Corn.

Please give me some information in the columns of
your paper concerning the cultivation, harvesting and
threshing of Kaffir corn. It is said to be raised ex-
tensively in Kansas. Why does it not figure more
frequently among our crops here? How much does
the grain weigh per bushel? Also kindly state the
proper way to harvest and gather soja beans not for
bay but for the benns? To revert to the Kaffir corn —
is it safe to feed horses the grain in the plumes, un-
threshed? Enquirer.

Middlesex Co., Va.

Kaflir Corn is one of the non-snecharine sorghums.
It has frequently been grown in this State, and with
great success. Wc always advise that some should
be planted f'>r a forage crop, ;is whilst it is not quite
snc-li good feed as the saccharine sorghums, like the
Early Orange or Uarly Amber, yet it is more certain
to make a crop in case of n drouth. In the drouth
seel inns of Kansas and other Western States it is
largely taking the place of corn. The grain is as

Forage Crops.

My farm is situated at the junction of and between
the James and Warwick rivers, Mulberry Island, Va.
Upon it has been raised, for many years, corn, pea-
nuts, potatoes, etc., also live stock such as sheep,
cows, horses and bogs. Having set aside sufficient
land to raise corn for horses, hogs and poultry and
wishing to simplify the farm work kindly request
yon to let me know what you consider best to plant,
as forage, where corn or peanuts have been raised.
Warwick Co., Va. P. Lede[iiio«l

Plant soy beans, cow peas, sorghum, teocinte and
millet (Tat Tail, German and Hungarian). Any
or all of these crops will make fine forage. — Ed.

East India Giant Clover.

T would be glad to learn about the "East India
Giant Clover" (Polygonum sacnlincnse). It see it
described in Encyclopedia Britanica, Vol. 2G, page
lj?0. Where could I get the seed of it ?

Halifax Co., Va. W.\r. M. P\nttebaker.

Wc know nothing of this plant. Write the agros-
lologist of the Department of Agriculture at Wash-
ington for information on the subject. — Ed.

Varieties of Apples and Peaches to Plant in West-
ern North Carolina.

Would be glad to know your opinion of the best
apple trees to plant in these mountains, Brevard (20

1904.]

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

89

miles from Henderson villc), King, Albemarle Pip-
pin, Winesap, Belle Elower (yellow), Maiden Blush,
Limbertwig.

What is the best peach tree for this locality?

Transylvania Co., N. C. II. E. Tener.

Eor summer apples we would advise Early Har-
vest, Bed Astrachan and Yellow Transparent. Eor
late summer and early winter, Bonum, Carolina
Beauty and Borne Beauty. Eor winter, Arkansas
Mammoth Black, Ben Pavis, Limbertwig, Winesap,
Nanscmond Beauty and York Imperial.

Peaches for very early, Alexander and Sneed. Eor
early, Bishop and Early Crawford. Eor medium,
Elberta, Oldmixon Cling and Free, and Stump.
Eor late, Bilveu and Smock. — Ed.

Cotton Seed— Cotton Seed Meal— Stable Manure.

Einrlly give the relative value of cotton seed and
horse stable manure as a fertilizer. Is a ton of cot-
tom seed worth as much as a fertilizer as an equal
quantity of cotton seed meal?

Perquimans Co.. N. C. Tuos. U. White.

The analysis of cotton seed gives on an average
3.13 per cent, of nitrogen, 1.27 per cent, phosphoric
acid, and 1.17 per cent, of potash. The analysis of
an average sample of cotton seed meal gives G.64 per
cent, of nitrogen, 2.CS per cent, of phosphoric acid
and 1.79 per cent, of potash. The analysis of an
average sample of stable mamire gives 0.50 per cent,
of nitrogen, 0.C0 per cent, of potash, and 0.30 of
phosphoric acid. The statement, however, of the ac-
tual content of the chemical plant food in stable ma-
nure does not give a true estimate of its actual value
as an improver of the soil, as in addition to the value
of the chemical plant food mamire adds humus to the
soil, which is often more valuable in the improve-
ment it effects than the actual plant food supplied.
Manure also promotes the growth of.microbic life in
the soil, and without this there can he no great fer-
tility.— Ed.

2. Wood ashes should not be mixed with manure
or night soil, but be applied alone. When mixed,
they have a tendency to waste the ammonia. They
are valuable mainly for the potash they contain
(about 5 per cent.). They may be applied with ad-
vantage up to 1,000 pounds to the acre for vegetables.
N:ight soil contains 0.S0 per cent, of nitrogen, 0.30
per cent, of potash, and 1.40 per cent, of phosphoric
acid. It is not, therefore, very valuable as a fertil-
izer, and should be supplemented by some nitrogen
and phosphoric acid when used with wood ashes to
make a balanced fertilizer. Mix with it 300 pounds
of acid phosphate per acre, when applied, and give a
top dressing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda per
acre when the plants start growing and then you
will be likely to make vegetables of all kinds. — Ed.

Book on Truck Growing- -Fertilizer for Cab
bages. &c.

1. Will you kindly tell me what is the most com-
plete and best book on garden work for Virginia and
what is the price and where can T get tills book ?

2. Will you tell me how much night soil and bard
wood nshes to mix to apply per acre in the drill for
cabbage and for all kind of garden vegetables?

Dinwiddie Co., Va. Webster.

1. Truck farming in the South, by Ocmler, is
about the best book published for this section. Price,
$1.00. We can supply it.

Improving Land.

Is there any quicker way of improving land by crop
rotation than sowing rye in the fall to be turned un-
der or pastured down in June, then sow in peas and
turn under or pasture down in the fall?

Ttoanokc Co., Va. E. E. Enoleman.

Yes. You can improve the land faster by grow-
ing crimson clover or hairy vetch sowed with wheat,
oats and rye mixed in the fall. Bye adds nothing to
the soil except some vegetable matter, but conserves
any nitrates in the soil, and to that extent only is
useful as an improver. Crimson clover and hairy
vetch add nitrogen to the soil taken from the atmos-
phere, and more vegetable matter than rye. These
crops can be plowed down in May or June, or can bo
cut for forage, be made into hay, or he grazed off,
and then be followed by cow peas or soy beans, which
will add still more nitrogen to the soil as well as
vegetable matter, and thus rapidly and permanently
improve the land. To make the best progress, these
leguminous crops (clover and vetch) should be help-
ed with some acid phosphate, say 200 or 300 pounds
to the acre, so as to ensure a heavy growth, and thus
smother down all weeds and shade the soil. Tho
shading is important, as it largely tends to the ac-
quisition and conservation of nitrogen. A dressing
of lime, 25 bushels to the acre, applied after the cow
peas or soy beans are turned down, and before seed-
ing the crimson clover or hairy vetch, will also greatly
help the work of improvement by creating an alkaline
condition of the soil, which is conducive to the multi-
plication of soil microbic life, and to the growth of
clever especially. We have known a piece of land
so improved by the growth of these crops for two years
as to vield an increase in the corn crop the following

90

TTTE SOF/TIIERN PLANTER.

[February

year of 25 bushels, and of wheat 10 bushels, with a
good stand of grass and clover to follow. — Ed.

Tobacco Fertilizer.

Please <rive amount of ammonia and potash (and in
what form) to be added to Peruvian Guano to make
it a well balanced fertilizer for tobacco.

Old Subscriber.

Prince Edward Co., Va.

The only thing needed to be added to genuine
Peruvian Guano to make it a complete tobacco fertil-
izer, and even that is not absolutely necessary, is some
sulphate of potash. We would add 50 pounds of sul-
phate to tbe ton of Peruvian Guano. For some years
it has been difficult to get Peruvian Guano, but
Messrs. [Mortimer fr Co., of 13 William street, New
York, are now appointed agents for it in this country,
and are importing it in ship loads. We have just re-
ceived particulars of the analysis of a cargo just
landed. As tested by the Pennsylvania Experiment
Station, this analyses 10.22 available phosphoric acid-
4.S2 potash, and 4.37 ammonia, with, in addition,
7.20 insoluble phosphoric acid. The insoluble phos-
phoric acid in Peruvian Guano is much more readily
available than in acid phosphate, and is comparable
with the phospboric acid in bone in this respect. We
believe this Peruvian Guano will grow good tobacco
without any addition of potash on our lands. Messrs.
Mortimer will gladly quote prices delivered in this or
other States on this guano, and on all other chemicals
required for mixing fertilizers. — Er>.

Sores on Mules' Backs.

Can you recommend any remedy for knots and raw
places of long standing on mules' backs ?

Frank Pueyeae.

Chickasaw Co., Miss.

If the wounds are of so long standing as to have
become sit fasts, the hard portion must be dissected
out with a knife and then the wound be treated with
a weak carbolic acid lotion. Keep the harness from
pressing on the places by pads until healed. — En.

Brussels Sprouts.

Please tell me in your next issue when and how to
grow Brussels Sprouts from seed.

Alexandria Co., Va. A. Bowie.

Raise like late cabbage plants and set out, manure
and cultivate just like late cabbages. — Ed.

Weeder in Cotton.

I would like to know if a "weeder" can be used
with safety and to advantage in a cotton patch. If

so. when ? The flat tooth is the sort I have. My ex-
perience with cotton is that when young it is very
tender, easily bruised and thrown down, and when
down seldom regains the erect position. Would not
running the weeder over field just before cotton comes
up kill many germinating seeds and result in a bad
-land ? Geo. S. Baxer, Jr.

Franklin Co., N. C.

We should hesitate before putting a weeder into a
cotton field. The young plants are too tender and too
easily buried to risk such rough usage. — Ed.

Improving Land.

I am just starting in the farming business, and
would be very highly appreciative of some advice'
relative to same. My farm, consisting of about 500
acres, 100 of which is cleared, but only about CO in
a tillable condition; has been "miss-farmed" for the
last twenty years by tenants, and consequently is in
anything but good condition. Have both red land
and sandy land, former predominating. Planted 15
acres in wheat. 5 in oats, and used 200 to 250 pounds
potash mixture, 10-2 and 12-3 per acre. Was ad-
vised by farmers in neighborhood that I was using
too much. They use 100 to 150 pounds per acre.
Any general advice as to crops, seeds, etc., that you
may give me will be thankfullv received.

Tiiad. S. Troy, M. D.

Randolph Co., N. C.

If you will carefully read and follow the advice
given each month in the Planter you will soon see
an improvement in your land, and get profitable
crops. What your land needs more than fertilizer
is humus in the soil. Do not attempt to make staple
crops until you have improved the land by growing
cow peas, crimson clover and hairy vetch. When
yon have got plenty of humus into your soil you can
profitably use commercial fertilizer in the form of
acid phosphate, not at the rate of 100 or 200 pounds
to the acre, but at the rate of 500 pounds to the acre.
—Ed.

Cow Pea Hay.

I wish to sow a crop to cut for hay. Could I sow
a mixture of cow peas and oats ? If so, which would
be best, spring or winter oats? Please answer in
next issue.. Newcomee.

Nottoway Co., Va.

You cannot sow cow peas and oats together. Oats
should at latest lie sown in March, better in Feb-
ruary, or better still, be sown in the early fall in the
South, whilst cow peas cannot be sown until May.
They will not grow until the ground becomes warm.
For a hay crop, cow peas and sorgbum can be sown
together. They make good feed. — Ed.

1904.]

TTTE SOTJTIIEEX PLANTER

91

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The long hard winter we are passing through ha3
caused a complete suspension of all outdoor work and
wbere in an ordinary winter much of the work of
preparing the land for the spring crops has been
already done, now everything is as it was left in
the fall. This is going to cause a great accumulation
of work and it will require the strictest economy of
time to be exercised when once the season opens. We
trust, however, that the work of preparing compost
and manure for the crops has been receiving atten-
tion during the hard weather. This is work that
could well be done and witb good effect on the subse-
quent results. Farm yard manure, woods mould
leaves should have been gathered together in heaps in
the different fields and have been well mixed together
and had acid phosphate and muriate of potash mixed
with them. These mineral fertilizers are much more
effective when thus mixed than when applied sepa-
rately just previous to the planting of the crop. They
require time to become assimilated with the other
manure and soil to do their best service. Farm yard
manure whilst the most valuable of all forms of fer-
tilizer in that it 3\ipplies both plant food and humus
to the soil and also tends largely to the introduction
of microbic life into the soil, yet lacks in the min-
eral forms of plant food to be a full ration of feed
especially for truck and garden crops. Up to 1,000
pounds to the acre of acid phosphate and 200 pounds
of muriate of potash to the acre may with advantage
be applied along with a heavy dressing of farm yard
manure and compost to land intended to be planted
to all vegetable crops. In addition to these nitrogen
in the form of nitrate of soda, say from 100 to 150
pounds to the acre, may also be applied with advan-
tage to all crops except English peas and snap beans.
For these two crops only a light dressing of nitrate
should be given as it is , has a tendency to make them
run too much to vine. Indeed these two crops al-
most invariably do best on land manured for a crop
the previous year as on an Irish potato fallow or a
cabbage field. In such a place they will make a good
yield without any further manure being applied.

It is too early yet to plant any crops except in
Tidewater Virginia and Eastern North and South
Carolina. In these sections English peas and Irish
potatoes may be planted during this month if the
weather becomes mild and the land is dry enough to
work freely, but do not attempt planting on wet land

nor even working the land. Land worked wet will
r-how the result all through the crop season and can
never be made a satisfactory seed bed. English peas
-hould be planted in drill 2 feet apart, and be given
a good covering of soil, say i or 5 inches. Scatter
the peas thickly in the drill and tread or roll firmly
Into the soil before covering. Irish potatoes should
not be planted much before the end of the month and
not then unless the weather is mild. They are very
susceptible to damage from frost if they break
through the land before freezing temperatures are
past. Instead of planting them too early it is a good
plan to get out the sets and spread them thinly on a
dry barn floor where frost will not hurt them and
there let them commence to sprout. They will make
short hard sprouts which will not easily damage
when handling them for setting and will then come
up much more quickly when planted in the soil. The
land for this and indeed all other truck crops should
receive the best of preparation before planting. What
we have said in reference to this matter of prepar-
ing land in our article on "Work for the Month" for
the farm applies with still greater force to truck
crops. More depends on the perfect preparation of
the land than on the fertilizer. Irish potatoes are
one crop which can usually be grown more success-
fully with commercial fertilizer than with farm yard
manure. Farm yard manure is especially apt to
cause scab on the tubers and will certainly do so
wherever there has been scab on the last crop and any
of the vines or small potatoes have got mixed with
the manure. Wherever there is any indication of
scab on the sets they should be dipped either in a solu-
tion of formaline or corrosive sublimate before being
planted. When using the corrosive sublimate solu-
tion be careful to keep it and the dipped tubers out of
the reach of men or animals as the solution is very
poisonous. The proper strength to use the corrosive
sublimate solution is 2 ounces of sublimate to 15 gal-
lons of water. Dissolve the sublimate in hot water
and then add cold to make up the quantity. The
solution may be used for dipping repeated lots of po-
tatoes until all used up. Dry the sets and then cut
them. Cut the sets just before planting and not in
quantity before needed. Do not cut to less than two
eyes. As a fertilizer for the crop mix

300 pounds of nitrate of soda,

COO. pounds of cotton seed meal or fish scrap,

S00 pounds of acid phosphate (12 per cent).

300 pounds of muriate of potash.

92

THE SOUTIIEKX PLANTER

[February

to make a ton and apply at the rate of from 500 to
1,500 pounds to the nere. If only 500 pounds or
less is used apply in the drill mixing well with the
soil before dropping the sets. If more than 500
pounds is used apply broadcast.

Sow small patches of lettuce, radishes and other
early salads in sheltered spots or where they can be
protected with brush or mats in case of frost.

Lettuce in frames should be getting ready for
market. Give air in all mild weather but see that
frost is excluded. As the plants are cut fill in other
plants from the fall sown seed beds.

Asparagus beds should be worked over and be cov-
ered with well rotted manure and good soil to the
depth of 10 or 12 inches. New beds may be set out
in March. The land should be got ready now by
being deeply worked and the trenches be thrown out
to the depth of 2 feet if possible by running the plow
two or three times in them, throwing out the soil with
a shovel. Throw the top soil to one side and the bot-
tom soil to the other side of the trenches. Put two
or three inches of the top soil into the bottom of the
trench and set the plants on this and cover lightly
with more of the top soil then spread the bottom soil
between the trenches. The trenches should be from
4 to 6 feet apart. Set the plants as soon as received
from the growers.

Spinach and kale may be sown where the crop is to
mature towards the end of the month. Sow in rows
2 feet apart. Cabbage seed may be sown in cold
frames for plants to follow the fall set crop.

Prepare material for making hot beds for raising
tomato, egg and pepper plants.

to the tree. Pecan trees become hide-bound and this
is the cause of their failure to bear. Chopping re-
lieves the congestion, and enables the tree to produce.

I have a tree probably 50 years old, which for a
number of years scarcely bore at all. Two years ago
I chopped it slightly, as a test, and it bore probably
•.hrec pecks of pecans. Last year I chopped it again
and the result was a yield of about a flour barrel of
pecans. January or February arc good months in
which to chop trees. T have chopped pear trees also,
with good results. If the South Carolina correspond-
ent desires more explicit information he can write
me. James P. Lloyd.

Tarboro, N. C.

PECAN TREE NOT BEARING NUTS.
Editor Southern Planter:

Inquiry having been made through your journal
by Mr. J. W. Lewis, of Horry county, S. C, for some
remedy by which unproductive pecan trees con be
made to yield abundantly I take pleasure in offering
a remedy which I have tried with splendid results.
Some time before the sap begins to rise he should
rake an axe and chop the tree perpendicularly, several
■imc8, carefully, however, so that no damage is done

PRUNING AND TRAINING FRUIT TREES.

Editor Soulltern Planter:

A safe rule to follow in pruning trees is to cut no
limb off without being able to give a good reason for
it. One should also be able to predict the effect such
an operation would likely have upon the tree.

Pruning is the operation of taking off undesirable
parts. Training is directing the growth of succeed-
ing branches. Therefore, correct ideas concerning
training should come before successful pruning. Each
tree and vine presents a separate and distinct prob-
lem to solve before the knife should be used. Too
many people begin at the trunk and prune upwards,
whereas they should begin at the top and prune down-
wards. The greatest mistakes are made, however, in
pruning the young tree before it begins its first years
growth. The form of top desired for each fruit and
locality should be decided upon before the orchard i3
set. For the untrained man, this is not an easy mat-
ter to decide. The crown or top should be started at
the point best suited to the tree. If the location is
rather high and dry the crown should be started much
lower down than with tree? srrowinff in lower, richer
and more moist soils. The tops of forest trees in
near by forests will give some idea. The peach tree
will require a different method of pruning from that
of the apple, since the fruit is borne on one year old
wood, and consequently, will be further away from
the trunk of the tree each year, unless held back by
careful pruning, and finally, will all be produced on
the ends of long limbs. These split and break off. I
like the method of '""heading back," especially for the
peach. The tree is better enabled to make new bear-
ing wood for next year, the fruit is thinned, the lia-
bility of splitting and breaking is much lessened,

1904.]

TTTE SOTJTITEKN PLANTETl.

P3

the fruit is borne nearer tlie ground where it is eas-
ier to gather, and the branches are made to grow
more stocky.

The young tree as it comes from
the nursery is tall and slender, fre-
quently it has no side branches.
Many growers think the tallest
tree is best, which is often a seri-
ous mistake. Such trees grew in
a crowded condition and were
forced to grow in a switch-like
form. When set out in an or-
chard their surroundings are en-
tirely different, consequently they
are apt to reform their present
%$£ top by throwing out branches low-
er down. If left alone, the top is
apt to be very ugly. The wind is
apt to blow the young switch-like
tree about and do it great in-
jury-

I have always found it best to cut the
young top back very much when set-
ting. If an apple, I would cut the top
back within about two feet of the
ground for Virginia ; if a peach, I usu-
ally cut it back within a foot and a half
of the ground — frequently leaving a
single straight stub. The roots should
also be cut within about six inches of
the trunk — if a peach I would cut
closer. If very young trees are used, *
the side buds will usually come out and
start a good top. Older trees frequent-
ly do not do so well and the grower may Tree pruned and

/ , «5 J niH ror the or-

nave to leave the top where the nursery- chard.
man left it. Very little pruning will be required at
the end of the first year, but it is quite important to
go over the orchard and shape up the tops to conform
to the ideal adopted.

At the end of the second year, visible results of the
pruning and training will be plainly evident. An
open spreading top to carry a heavy load of fruit
should now be constantly worked for. Sun light and
air are extremely important for highly colored fruit
and for excellence of flavor.

In many orchards of the State were found last fall
a largo per cent of fruit that was off in color, size
and flavor. This was due to the trees being over-
loaded and much of the fruit not having enough sun
light. On more open and branching tops, the crop
was much finer. T never saw so many instances whore
the ill effects of bad pruning were so plainly marked

as were seen last season. Begin to shape up the tops
now while the lesson is still fresh in the mind. It is

Efiects of fruit at ends of long limbs.

often claimed that we should not prune in the win-
ter. Very little damage is apt to occur where small
limbs are cut off. Serious damage is apt to follow
pruning if done when the sap is active. A coating of
white lead paint over the wounds is excellent.

After trees become several years old, severe prun-
ing should not be given the trees during any one sin-
gle season. I have seen some good orchards ruined
by a severe pruning. The tops should be opened up
and cut back gradually.

Three-year-old tree after pruning.

In cutting off limbs, the surface of the cut should
be made parallel with the body of the tree, and scarce-

94

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Eebruary

ly ever inside of what is known as the "collar." This
will enable the cut to "heal over" better.

Some drawings I have had made from trees grown
in my experimental peach orchard may bring out the
points more plainly. R. H. Price.

Montgomery County.

TRUCKING.

This term is generally applied to growing any and
almost all kinds of vegetables for table use. The truck
farm is supposed to be a small farm rather than a
large one. It is expected to yield very large crops,
and is generally looked for near a large city or along
the sea coast. Of course such a farm is expected to
be richer than ordinary farms for growing the cereals,
cotton, hay and rice.

But in the rapid development of this country,
which has built up cities and factories almost like
magic, the unexampled growth of the commercial in-
dustries has brought about changes in the trucking
business. Thousands are now engaged in this kind
of fanning without the advantage of special location,
or special markets, or special training.

The high prices of the various vegetable crops have
induced them to try to grow them. The high price of
land near the cities has compelled them to locate far-
ther off. But the increased facilities of transporta-
tion have changed this into almost a help instead of
a disadvantage.

It is for these thousands of beginners that we
write. We do not expect to enlighten the old hands
who have been taught this kind of farming.

As we have said, the truck farm is expected to be
rich. Near the cities immense quantities of manure
can be obtained for this purpose, but those who live
farther off cannot get it this way. They cannot make
the land rich, hence they must do the next best thing.
They can and must feed the crops with highly con-
centrated and readily available plant food. They
need ammonia, phosphoric acid and potash. They
need the ammonia to make the plants grow, the phos-
phoric acid to increase the fruit, and the potash to
form starch and sugar in plants, and as size and fruit
are both dependent upon starch and sugar, we see
that potash has an important function to perform.

Proper feeding makes the crops strong so as to re
aist diseases of all kinds. As a feeble person is lia-
ble to contract all contagious diseases, so is a feeble
plant. We see this proven very often — one man's
wheat or oats resist rust and make a good crop. An-
other man's, on an adjoining farm, take rust and are
ruined. The vigorous healthy plant is more or less
immune or resistent. Again, the price of trucking
crops is always good in the early season and lower
later on. The healthy plants can be expected to come
in early and thus give the trucker a higher market.

Good preparation, plenty of fertilizers, good seed,
and rapid culture will bring success.

Study what your market needs and then what you
know how to grow to the best advantage and you will
find truck farming an enjoyable life. One great ad-
vantage of this kind of farming is that it brings in
money all the time. The trucker does not need to run
long accounts, and pile up debts, and give mort-

gages.

James B. Hunnicutt.

THE LIME SULPHUR WASH FOR SAN JOSE SCALE

Editor Southern Planter:

By some means or other, the amount of sulphur
given in the formula for lime-sulphur wash printed
in Tiie Planter last issue, was not exactly correct,
as used by the Virginia Experiment Station. The
exact formula taken from bulletin No. 14-1 on the
"Lime-Sulphur Wash" is as follows:

Lime ("unslaked) 30 pounds.

Sulphur (flowers) 30 pounds.

Salt 10 pounds.

Water 100 gallons.

Some extracts are made here from the above men-
tioned bulletin in regard to making the wash. "Put
4 to 5 gallons of hot water in an iron kettle (20 gal-
lons capacity), add IS pounds lime, stir with wooden
paddle so as to spread it about; then as soon as in
full ebnlition from slaking add 15 pounds sulphur
and mix briskly with lime, adding boiling water as
needed to bring entire mass into a thick paste. Work
the mass into a perfectly homogeneous paste, then add
water enough to make 10 or 12 gallons, and boil for
30 to 40 minutes. It is better to add hot water, as
the cooking will thus proceed more rapidly, but if
cold water is used the resultant wash will be the same.
Add the salt, 5 pounds, when the paste is diluted.
When the wash is cooked, strain and dilute to 50 gal-
lons. This will be best accomplished by pouring it
into the barrel already partly filled with water. Hot
or cold water may be \ised at convenience of the opera-
tor, as there will be no marked difference in the re-
sult.

The quantity sufficient for 100 gallons of wash may
be cooked in a 25-gallon kettle but this is rather con-
rentrated and needs attention. In whatever manner
ihe wash is cooked, it should be stirred occasionally.
Small quantities for use on a few trees can be made
in small iron kettles. * * * The cost of the in-
gredients to make the lime-sulphur wash by the above
formula is about 1 cent per gallon, which renders its
abundant use on trees very cheap in comparison with
soap or the kerosene washes. It is very important to
strain the wash as it is run into the tank or barrel."

Montgomery county. R. H. Prigs.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

95

Live Stock and Dairy.

AN EXPERIMENT WITH ABERDEEN ANGUS
STEERS.

Editor Southern Planter:

The steers shown in illustration were procured as
calves in Illinois and immunized by inoculation, to
Texas fever. Over forty head were thus successfully
immunized. Of these, 15 were steers and have been
since fed preparatory to marketing them in Chicago.
They are now a little over two years old. Tbe feeds
used were the by-products of our tbree great staples —
cotton seed meal, rice bran and molasses. In addi-
tion they bave had the run of the pastures in summer
and home raised hay in winter. Except when heav-
ily infected with ticks in September, they have made
satisfactory gains and they average nearly 1,500
pound? a piece. Cotton seed meal has cost $20 to $24
per ton. Rice bran $8 to $13 per ton and molasses
3 to 5 cents per gallon of 12 pounds.

Tbe experiment has demonstrated the ability of
these home products, to make as fine beef as can be
made upon the best blue grass and corn fields of the
Middle West. A bulletin with full description of

the animals, feeds and gains will be given later.
These animals were sent to the International Stock
Show at Chicago. W. C. Stubbs.

Experiment Station,, Baton Rouqe, La.
Since the foregoing was in type we have a letter
from Dr. Stubbs informing us that the steers were
sold on the market at Chicago and brought $5.65 per
100, the top of the market. This demonstrates con-
clusively that tbe South with its refuse feeds can
make as good beef as the West with its best feed. Why
not do so and make this refuse into dollars ? — Ed.

HOG RAISING IN THE SOUTH.

Editor Southern Planter:

Friend Mercier handed me a communication from
you in regard to ''those cheap bogs" of bis neighbors,
whose methods he used to illustrate his article on
''Farming ns a Fusiness," (published in the Novem-
ber issue of The Planter).

I rather think he would have been more careful

90

TTTE SOUTTTKRN PLANTED.

[Februnry

about jumping into the frying-pan had be known
that lie would be called upon for tlie facts, but as I
think a great deal of neighbor Mercicr, I will try to
help him out of the difficulty.

I am a Northern man who came South for health
and a milder climate, and am engaged in building
up one of those old, run-down plantations which orig-
inally was good soil but which has l>cen skinned and
re-skinned by (lie raising of cotton exclusively, until
that which was in cultivation "would not sprout
peas," as they say, and I am also trying to demon-
strate to the Southern farmer t lint ho can make a liv-
ing without depending entirely upon cotton.

The crops I grow are chiefly oats, pea*, soy beans,
peanuts, sweet potatoes, corn, vetch, rape and rice by
irrigation, and I feed tbesc crops on the place to cat-
tle, hogs and Angora goats.

I mention these crops as they play a very impor-
tant part in the raising of cheap hogs.

I am doing but a small business in the raising of
hogs, but generally have about one hundred head
most of the time.

As to the methods you asked for, I will try to give
them as clearly as possible.

My stock is a cross, produced by crossing thorough-
bred Poland China sows with a thoroughbred Chester
White male. My reasons for crossing these two
breeds are that the crossbred hogs have the easy fat-
tening qualities of the Poland China, and the ability
1 graze of the Chesters, and the cross also
produces an animal with a very deep side and a heavy
ham. The crossbred bogs are all white, and a white
hog dresses much nicer than a black one.

I breed the sows to farrow in October and Novem-
ber, and feed them on rice polish and wheat bran
mixed with water, and give them the run of the pea
ami sweet potato fields.

As soon as the pigs are old i eat T take the

grain from the sows and give to the pigs at the rate
of half a pound per head each day until they are six
months old, and let them run on the fall sown oats
until March; then they are taken off and allowed to
run on oats, rape, and other crops sown expressly for
them. I then put them on crops of speckled peas and
sorghum, then cowpeas, peanuts, sweet potatoes, rape,
etc.

When the pigs are six months old T feed them grain
at the rate of one pound per head per day until they
are put lip for finishing, when T feed four or five
pounds of rice polish or corn per day for four to six
weeks, when they are ready to kill and fat enough
for any one, and weigh from '250 to 300 pounds gross

I do not claim that larger hogs cannot be grown in
:be same length of time, but I do claim that hogs of
fhe same weight cannot be raised at much less cost.
The cost of raising varies from two to three cents per
pound srross according to the seasons for growing
crops and the amount of grain used in finishing. This
vcar the fall crops were short on account of extreme-
ly dry weather, very little rain falling after July.

As soon as the pigs are weaned the sows are turned
into the fields and pastures and reeeive no more grain
until the next litter comes. Some may ask wdiy I do
not raise two litters a year. My reasons are that tho
cost of keeping the sows in good condition to raise
two litters would be much greater, and it would take
much more grain to make the spring pigs large
enough by fall to make into bacon and ham than is
required for the fall pigs, which have grown slower
and cost less. I buy most of the grain I feed, and
find that rice polish is the best and most economical
f can buy.

Three great requisites in raising cheap hogs are,
plenty of range, shade and water. It also needs plan-
ning of crops so as to keep a constant supply of green
food. One needs, too, a half mile of panels or hur-
dles for movable fences, so as to feed the crops suc-
cessfully without waste. It is useless to think of
raising hogs for cheap meat without these necessaries.
The writer has grown bogs in Iowa for years and
can truthfully say that hogs may be grown in the
South by these methods at less cost than in the North
Then why not, brother farmers, raise at least the
meat needed on your own place, and stop this waste-
ful dependence on the North for your pork, when you
can raise a better article than you can buy, and at
much less cost.

Another important item is the restoration of the
soil by raising these crops and feeding them on the
'and, and then returning to the soil 5G per cent, rf
the grain fed. This will soon bring up your depleted
soil to such a condition of fertility that it will pro-
duce a paying crop of cotton again and I know of no
method of farming that enables a man to come so
near "eating his cake and keeping it" as this.

The wanton depleting of the soil by washing and
the litter disregard by most farmers of the destruc-
tion of the lands by the present methods of farming,
are among the gravest questions that confront the
Southern farmer to-day, and until we give up the
present one crop system of farming and produce more
of what we consume and purchase less, we need not
expect permanent prosperity.

Wilkinson Co., Miss. Cuas. L. Dewey.

1004.]

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER

97

HEREFORDS AT THE INTERNATIONAL STOCK
CHOW.

Editor Southern Planter:

Hereford cattle scored a complete triumph at the
International Stock Show, Chicago, hehl recently and
it goes to show the prepotency of Hereford blood,
■when Col. Ferguson, of Perth, Scotland, the judge of
the fat cattle, himself a breeder of Angus cattle,
awarded the grand championship of the show to the
grade Hereford steer, "Challenger," over an Angus
bullock.

"Challenger" was sired by a registered Hereford
bull, "McOinty," and his dam was a cross bred llol-
stein-Shorthorn cow. He had the form of a Here-
ford, white head and white on back, his body being
a blue gray, and weighed 1,750 pounds.

The grand championship for car loads of fat steers
was won by the Uerefords, they being sired by reg-
istered Hereford bulls and were yearlings, weighing
over 1,100 pounds. They were bred, fed and exhib-
ited by the same man.

The Uerefords won in almost every class where
they competed, and beside winning with the cham-
pion steer, also won the grade bred class.

It was generally acknowledged that in the exhibi-
tion of breeding cattle, the Uerefords. were much
more uniform in condition and quality and the devel-
opment of the young stock was the admiration of all.

The fact that the grand champion steer "Challen-
ger" was selected, fed and exhibited by the Nebraska
Experiment Station and that the reserve steer, "Clear
Lake Jute 2nd," was fed and exhibited by the Min-
nesota Experiment Station, is worthy of note, as the
grand championship was won in 1902 by the Iowa
Experiment Station, and it illustrates the fact that
successful feeding by individuals must be done with
some regard to scientific principles and not at ran-
dom, and also illustrates the wonderful work that is
being carried on by the Experiment Stations, and
that they combine practical results with scientific
teaching.

The great number of thoroughbred sires that have
been brought into Virginia in 1903 is the best indi-
cation of advancement in agricultural methods. Tt is
to be hoped that the value of these thoroughbred sires
will be so generally appreciated that their importa-
tion will be greatly increased during the forthcoming
year. E. G. B.

Clarke Co., Va.

Challenger, the champion steer mentioned above,
■was bought out of a lot of cattle in a feeding yard in

April, 1903. He was at that time very wild and cost
$5 per hundred or just about $05. Professor Smith,
of the Nebraska Experiment Station, says of bis
feeding:

"On the 15th of April we began feeding this steer
and fed him for about six and one-half months, dur-
ing which time we made a total gain of 550 pounds.
During the last two months he has increasaed just
2S0 pounds, until this week Ave showed him here in
(he pink of condition.

"For the first two months we fed a ration made up
as follows:

Per cent.

Corn GO

Oats 15

bran 10

Oil meal 15

"After the first two months, during which time he
was gradually worked up till he was in feeding condi-
tion, the amount of this ration was varied and in-
creased according to his capacity, as well as that of
the other two steers that were fed with him. At the
beginning of the third month we fed a ration made
up as follows :

Per cent

Corn 60

Oats 20

Bran 15

Oil meal 15

"As the feeding progressed we gradually cut dowm
the feed of bran and increased the oi lineal feeding.
However, this change was made very gradually, as
you may understand. After September 1 we had in-
creased the oilmeal in the ration until his feed was
made up of 20 per cent, of the oilmeal.

"On October 1 we began the feeding of sugar beets.
At first we fed two pounds per day, but gradually
increased until we were feeding the steer ten pounds
per day of sugar beets.

"As a roughage we fed alfalfa and prairie hay.
The former, however, was fine, being practically the
leaves of the alfalfa. Both with grain and the rough-
age the limit of feeding was the steer's capacity.

"The feeding of Challenger and his two mates was
done by Charles Shumat, who came to us three years
ago with no experience as a feeder, having previous-
ly been a brakeman. We have carefully calculated
the amounts of the rations and have left the execution
in a large measure to Herdsman Shumat, to whom
we owe a great deal for this steer's success. T watched
•die steer very closely, and particularly during the last
part of the feeding, and paid particular atte?ition to
the dung to note any unfavorable changes, but there
were none, and the feeding progressed with entire
ratisf action to Professor Burnett and myself, and the
favorable development of the steer. During the later

98

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

stages of feeding this steer readily consumed twenty-
five pounds of grain per day with comparatively lit-
tle effort. I lay the success of ibis steer's feeding
capabilities to his excellent form, coming from good
breeding and a strong, active digestion."

POLLED ANGUS CATTLE-TEXAS FEVER TICKS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I notice in the comparative table given in a late
issue of Tbe Breeders' Gazette, showing the number,
etc., of thoroughbred beef cattle sold last year at pub-
lic sales, a report very favorable to the Aberdeen
Angus cattle.

This table gives the average price realised for all
the beef breeds and is as follows :

Shorthorns $174

Uerefords $172

Aberdeen Angus $220

Galloways $11G

Polled Durhams $155

Red Polls $145

From this it appears that the Angus did better
than the best of the other beef breeds, by more than
25 per cent.

The extent to which the Angus are gaining in favor
with the breeders of thoroughbred cattle, with the
range people, with the feeders and last, but most im-
portant the butcher, should give encouragement to
those who have been predicting this outcome for sev-
eral years.

I wrote you last year about the probable efficacy
of salt and sulphur as a preventive of Texas fever,
which you very kindly published with the foot note
that you did not have much faith in it. I am still as
firm as ever in that belief, if the mixture is kept con-
stantly before the cattle in covered troughs for shel-
ters, from May 1st to October 1st for this latitude,
and access given to no other salt during that time: —
Though my cattle run in old fields they have ticks of
do sort on them.

I beg to call your attention to the fact that the U.
S. Bureau of Animal Industry now recommends the
nse of this mixture as a precautionary step against
the Texas fever.

Now if such a simple thing is efficacious, what is
to prevent the complete extermination of the fever
tick from the South, if the agricultural and secular
press will take it up and publish it every year. Its
efficacy I suppose should be proven first by govern-
ment or State experiment, which would be an easy
matter and could be done in more than one way.

In sections of this State and I suppose everywhere
in the South there are certain fields in which the
Texas fever prevails whenever susceptible cattle arc
pastured on them.

I would suggest that a lot of such cattle be put on

sulphur the first of April, and be put in one of those
pastures the first of May, giving the sulphur time to
saturate the system before the cattle are exposed;
that another lot of cattle which are susceptible be
in the same field and that this lot be given salt
without sulphur; that each lot of cattle be penned to
itself at night and each receiving in the pen the sul-
phur or the salt without sulphur, of course neither
salt nor sulphur to be given in the field.

Another way to test the matter would be to give
tbe salt and sulphur mixture for one month and then
place on tbe cattle thus treated a sufficient number
of the fever ticks to give tbe disease, and continuing
ihe sulphur as long as the animal carries the ticks.

I would also suggest that when the spring opens
you suggest this preventive and request that all who
use it or have used it in the past will give the results
in detail in the late fall.

The success of its use depends on keeping the mix-
ture constantly before the cattle during the spring,
summer and early fall months, so that the system will
be saturated with it all the time. Even if a cattle
owner has only the common tick he should use this
preventive of ticks getting on cattle, as they sap the
blood of tbe animal, and the sulphur is a harmless
substance.

I would not take so much of your time with this.
but I realize the importance of stamping out the tick
fever if it can be done, for the land and cattle owner
of tbe South. A Stockman.

Fluvanna Co., Va.

We are strongly in favor of the use of sulphur
along with tbe salt for all cattle as it undoubtedly will
largely tend to keep them free from ticks of all kinds,
and whilst all ticks are not dangerous like the Texas
fever tick, yet they all tend to make cattle less thrifty
and are a heavy drain upon the. svstem. Sulphur is
no doubt objectionable to the Texas fever tick and
cattle whose systems are thoroughly saturated with
it will no doubt be less infes*xl with the ticks and
therefore loss liable to suffer from Texas fever, but
we have seen no such results reported as would lead
us to advise any stock owner to rely upon its use as a
specific for the fever. • The only way to get rid of
Texas fever is to get rid of the ticks altogether by
keeping cattle off the pastures for at least six months
and thus starve the ticks to death. This can be done
by cleaning one pasture each year until all are cleared
and then keeping them clean by seeing that no cattle
;nfested with ticks are turned on them in future. Al-
low no tick infested cattle to come on the farm and
urge tbe adoption of a "no fence" law in every county
thus getting rid of wandering cattle. These straying
cattle cost the farmers of the South hundreds of thou-
sands of dollars every year. — Ed.

1904.]

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

99

THE LARGE VERSUS THE SMALL DAIRY COW.

Editor Southern Planter:

No act of Congress has been of greater advantage
to the farmer than the act establishing and aiding the
State Experiment Stations ; and no special work done
by these stations has been of greater importance than
that done in the interest of the dairy farmer. It is
less costly to learn at anotber's expense than at one's
own ; and by giving heed to the disinterested, nou
partisan work done by the stations, the dairy farmer
may save himself much bitter disappointment, and
not be misled by following the false teachings of cer-
tain dairy writers and breed partizans. As its most
valuable work in this line, the Wisconsin Experiment
Station has recently issued bulletin No. 102, entitled
'"Studies in Milk Production." Tbe present Wiscon-
sin Experiment Station herd was established in 1898,
and the bulletin covers tbe work of this herd for a
period of four and one-half years.

In order to make comparison of results on a basis
of type, the herd was divided into three classes — the
small dairy, the large dairy, and the dual-purpose
type. The men making this division were Messrs.
F. IT. Scribner, breeder of Jerseys ; Charles L. Hill,
breeder of Guernseys; Geo. McKerrow, breeder of
Short-horns ; and W. P. Richards, Assistant in Dairy
Husbandry at the Station.

Pasture was figured at $1.50 per month, and other
feeds at average Wisconsin market prices ; while the
butter was figured at 20c. per pound, and the skim
milk at 15c. per 100 pounds. The butter was com-
puted on tbe basis of 85.7 per cent, of one pound of
butter-fat in the milk equivalent to one pound of fin-
ished butter; usually known as adding one-sixth to
the butter-fat, the standard now used by the Holstein-
Eriesian and Guernsey Associations in their official
records made nnder the supervision of the Experi-
ment Stations.

The conclusions reached, as a result of the most
painstaking work through a period of almost five
years, in which all the food given each animal was
weighed, and each treated as though she alone were
on test, confirm my teacbings of 20 years past that
the larger type of dairy cow is tbe more profitable for
the dairy farmer. Space will not permit me to give
as much as I would like; but, as conclusively in favor
of the large dairy type, of which the TIolstein-Frie-
sian is the best exponent, I quote the following:

"Cows of the large dairy type preferable. — From
the data presented it will be seen that, everything con-
sidered, cows in group P, representing the large dairy
type, are clearly in tbe lead for economic production
of milk and butter-fat. The results of over four
years' work with cows of the extreme dairy type,
represented in group A, not only failed to establish
the claims for the superiority of cows of this type

over a much larger and apparently stronger dairy
type, but clearly showed that they are not as large
producers, nor as profitable dairy animals, as the lat-
ter.

That the extreme dairy type has been popular, at
/oast in this state is evidenced among other reasons, by
the fact that three of the cows selected for the Uni-
versity herd at our solicitation by prominent dairy-
men in our State were fair representatives of this
type of cows, and are included in group A. Our in-
vestigations have been conducted under the most
favorable conditions possible for this type of cows;
the stable in which they have been kept is considered
a model one, as regards cleanliness, light, ventila-
tion and general comfort of the animals, and water
is provided for them in the stalls so that they are not
exposed to inclement weather at any 'time. They are
given the best of care and attention at all times;
being fed liberally; kept during the hot summer
months in the cool, darkened barn, protected from
sun and flies; and are fed various green feeds and
grain in summer, as well as protected from cold in
winter.

In view of the ever-increasing demands on the part
of dairymen for cows that will have endurance and
ability to withstand diseases, as well as great produc-
tive capacities, we do not hesitate to state that in our
opinion it is not the part of wisdom for our dairymen
to select the small refined cows with a spare habit of
body in an extreme degree as the most desirable type
of dairy cows.

The Farmers' or Dual-Purpose Type. — Neither is
it the part of wisdom for the dairyman, as such, to
select cows of a type similar to those in group C, rep-
resenting the dual-purpose type, and to expect the
greatest profit from them in the production of milk
and butter-fat. For the dairy farmer, the large type
of dairy cow will, we believe, everything considered,
be found the most profitable. Tn view of the results
obtained with the different groups, it is apparent that
cows with tbe greatest capacity for consuming rough
feed are generally the most economical producers.
This may be accepted as a fundamental characteristic
of all cows capable of large and economical produc-
tion in the dairy.

The station's comparisons by breed are very strik-
ing, and, as usual, the IIolstein-Friesian breed is
found to excel. Indeed, it seems that with fair rep-
resentatives this great breed will always win in any
net profit comparison, where both the butter-fat and
skhn milk have values assigned. The average results
of the breed comparison are as follows:

Holstein. Guernsey. Jersey. Shorthorn

i b«. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs

Annual yield of milk 9,987.3 6,30.7 5,700.2 7,1214

Annual yield of fat 351.6 319.4 301.1 281.7

Annual value products $94 03 $82 31 $77 10 $74 26

Annual cost of food 46 46 37 37 35 22 38 17

Annual net profit 48 47 44 94 4188 36 09

100

TTTE SOUTHEEX PLANTER

[Febniary

A careful study of this table will sliow the dairy
fanner that it is not the cow that gives the richest
milk, but t lie cow which produces the largest amount
of butter-fat that wins out. During all those years,
and for nil their milk taken in bulk, the average fur
the I Ioldtein-Friesian milk Mas ",.52 per cent, fat,
while the Jersey average was much higher; yet we see
that the llolstcin-Friesians averaged annually over
50 pounds more of butter-fat for each cow than did
the Jerseys.

But this table does not tell the whole story; the
Wisconsin Station had even better grounds for decid-
ing in favor of the larger, hardier, more rigorous
cows. If a fanner went into the dairy business for
live years he would take account of stock at the be-
ginning and at the end of the specified time; and if
Le found that the herd had increased or decreased in
Talue, he would take such increase or decrease into
consideration. The Wisconsin Station did not do this
because it was making a study of milk production
only; but it gives a resume of each cow, and we can
follow it out for ourselves. The Jersey list reals
like a column of obituary notices: Out of 12 cows,
one died of congestion of the lungs, one of bronchitis,
two were got rid of because of loss of part of the
udder from garget, two because found tuberculous,
two because such delicate feeders as to be unprofita-
ble, and one because of lack of constitutional vigor
and dainty appetite ; only three left out of twelve, and
they not the best.

The hardy, vigorous ITolstein-Friesian cows fur-
nish n surprising contrast to this list: One did so
well that a California breeder purchased her last
summer at a long price, and took her to California.
The rest are there and still doing business at the old
rtand, though there is one that IT.-F. breeders would
no doubt, be glad to got if they could. This is Alma
Marie Josephine, who at three years old made a rec-
ord of IS pounds, 5.8 ounces butter from 400.3
pounds milk, showing an average for the seven days
of 3.77 per cent, fat in the milk. The net profit for
the one week was estimated to l>e $2.72.

The main deduction which the thinking dairy
farmer must draw from the exhaustive work shown in
this bulletin is that for the greatest net profit he needs
cows of the large dairy type, such as the Ilolstien-
Friosians; for, not only do they give a larger net
profit, but by reason of their hardiness and great
vitality, the large, rigorous Holstoin-Fricsians thrive
on work which will break down and destroy the weak-
ly constitutions of the small, delicately formed Jer-
seys. Mm.COLM H. G.4BDXBB.

Darien, Wis., Dec. 21, 1003.

In justice to the dual-purpose cow it should be
stated that the value of the calves produced by them
is much higher than those of the pure dairy types, as
they make the best of beef steers and thus add largely

to the income from the herd over a period of years.
—Ed.

MOLASSES FOR HOGS.

Editor Southern I' tattler:

I had a barrel of all sorts of molasses tbe drainage
from measuring cans that T directed my clerks to
turn upside down, after filling an order, into a big
funnel that was placed into the bnghole of this par-
ticular barrel. When I quit merchandising I brought
this barrel of molasses to the farm. I found that my
pigs were not relishing their bran mashes and it oc-
curred to me to put one and a half gallons of this
molasses to each 50 gallons of bran mash. In 35
years of pig raising experience I never saw such a
sudden and rapid improvement in pigs as resulted
from feeding tbe mixture. I fill a 50 gallon barrel
one-fourth full of bran and shorts. I then put in l\
gallons of this molasses and fill the barrel from my
heating apparatus with milk-warm water and feed at
once, keeping the mixture thoroughly stirred while
feeding. I add all the greasy slops and milk I can
get to the mixture, and when this is very scarce I cook
for each barrel of mixture a half bushel of unmar-
ketable potatoes, tbe marbles as thev are sometimes
called. Thos. S. White.

Rockbridge Co., Ya.

VIRGINIA VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.

The Virginia Veterinary ^ledical Association met
•n Richmond on the 14th of January. This was un-
doubtedly the most successful meeting in the history
of the association. Much important business was
transacted, officers elected, some very interesting
cases reported, operations performed, and a paper
read by Dr. J. G. Fernevhough, State Veterinarian,
and Assistant Professor of Veterinary Science, in the
Veterinary Department of the Virginia Polytechnic
Institute at Placksburg, Va.

MILK RECORDS FOR 1903

At the Metros? Cuflle Farm, Casanova, Ya.
Editor Soutliern Planter:

Tbe milk produced by the full blood Ayrshire
herd at the above farm, advertised in another column
of this journal, is weighed at each milking.

The records show an average production of 5.329
pounds of milk from 33 cows. Throwing out three
heifers for first period of lactation, the average for
32 is 5,545 pounds. Twelve of ihe 35 produced over
G.000 pounds and tbe best cow produced 7.079
pounds. Exos. II. IIfss,

Manager.

1904.]

TTIE SOTJTTIEPN PLANTER.

101

The Poultry Yard.

RAISING CHICKENS BY NATURAL MEANS.
Editor Soullicrn riunler:

Arrange to have a number of bens hatch at the
same time so that more chickens can be given to each
lien and they are less trouble to care for proportion-
ately. Since the hens are the best brooders, where an
incubator is employed to hatch the chicks,- they may
be raised by hens. To do this set one hen at the same
time the eggs are put into the machine and divide her
eggs amongst a few other broody bens when the eggs
are nearly ready to hatch. After a hen has been on
the nest with one or two chicks under her she will
undertake the task of raising a large family with-
out any trouble, and the chicks from the incubator
hatched eggs may be given these hens, say at the rate
of 20 to 25 to each hen.

The time of hatching controls to a considerable ex-
tent the size of the fowl. Early hatching tends to
produce larger fowls. Tt takes an average of three
eggs to produce one live healthy chick. This is the
conclusion which has been reached at some of the
experiment stations. Of course this takes into ac-
count all losses and yet many people continue to be
sorely disappointed if they buy a setting of eggs and
one-third of them fails to hatch.

The last thing that the chick does before leaving
the shell is to draw into its body the yolk of the egg
from the white of which the body of the chick has
been developed. Eull and plump as it is when it
comes from the shell, it does not require any food
for the first twelve to thirty-six hours. Tn that time
it has learnt to use its legs and is much more active
than at first and will readily pick up food supplied
to it. During the first two or three days the chicks
require warmth more than food, and the ben should
be disturbed as little as possible. The best food for
the first few days is stale bread soaked in milk and
squeezed nearly dry. This should be crumbled fine
and placed where the chicks have free access to it,
and where they cannot step on it. The first meal,
recommended by Prof. Chas. E. Thorne, director of
the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, is beaten
egg with two tablespoonfuls of milk. After beating
the mixture is set in a warm place until it coagulates
or "sets" into a custard, and should be fed in this
condition. Polled oats (oat meal grits) make an ex-
cellent food for chicks. There is, perhaps, no better
grain food for young chickens than oats prepared in
this manner. This may be fed after the third day in

connection with the bread sopped in milk. The chicks
should be fed regularly five times a day for the first
month and no food allowed to sour. After the first
ten days more uncooked food may be fed. A mixture
of wheat bran, corn meal, and a little linseed meal
mixed makes a valuable food. This should be scald-
ed but not made soppy; boiling water makes it stick
together better and partially cooks it. In this condi-
tion it is more easy to digest. The addition of a lit-
tle bone meal supplies an abundance of bone making
material and counteracts any tendency to diarrhoea.
Dry grains, such as cracked wheat, cracked oats, mil-
let seed and screenings from the various grains scat-
tered through litter induce exercise and give a varie-
ty. These should be given three times a day and soft
food should constitute the other two meals. Hard-
boiled eggs may be fed from the beginning, but like
milk, require more skill than the feeding of bread
soaked in milk. The eggs should be mixed with
bread crumbs, one-half of each and fed once a day,
say every other day for the first week. Too much
"oiled egg is not good for the chicks.

One of the great difficulties in raising fowls is to
carry young chickens through the first two weeks
without bowel disorders. Improper food, injudi-
cious feeding and cold each play an important part
in producing these disorders. The best corrective is
scalded milk substituted for the drinking water.

If the fowls are confined in coops a very little fine-
ly chopped meat should be given once a day, — a piece
as large as a walnut will be sufficient for a dozen
chicks. Dried blood or meat meal will serve the pur-
pose as well. Coarse sand makes an excellent grit
for very young "hickens. As they get older some
coarser material must be provided.

During the first eipht weeks of their life chicks
should have plenty of room to run, yet they should
not be allowed to tramp around in the wet grass. With
mns of medium extent they should receive three
meals a day during the second and third months.
Mash in the morning and grain in the middle of the
day and at night.

When the mother shakes off the chickens they
should be protected from the cold. Tt is a good plan
to place the hen and chickens in the house where you
wish to keep the chickens after the hen has left them.
They will huddle together and so keep warm.
Twenty-five is sufficient in each flock so as to pre-
vent over-crowding. Do not furnish roosts for the

102

THE SOUTTIERX PLANTER.

[February

young chickens. Crooked breast bones are aften
caused by roosting too young. During the bot months
shade must be provided. Let them out early, they
will hunt and enjoy life during the morning hours.
At 10 or 11 A. M. you will see them lounge in the
shady places. Then a few hours before sunset they
will scatter again, until fed the last meal, and then
retire happy and contented with life. If one has
an orchard it is an ideal place for shade and insects.
A five or six foot wire fence should inclose the fowls.
Geo. TL C. Williams.
District of Columbia.

THE NEW YORK CO-OPERATIVE EGG PRODUC-
ING EXPERIMENTS.
In a comparison of the different breeds of fowls
the White Leghorn pullets came out first, second and
fifth in the eggs laid per 100 fowls per day, and a
flock of mixed fowls, pullets and hens, came out third
and fourth. In the food cost of one dozen eggs, the
White Leghorn pullets came out first, second and
third, and a mixed flock of pullets fourth. Ply-
mouth Pock pullets came out sixth in eggs laid per
100 fowls per day, and twelfth in food cost of one
dozen eggs. Black Minorca pullets came out thir-
teenth in eggs laid per 100 fowls per day, and eigh-
teenth in food cost of one dozen eggs. In the experi-
ment in 1902-1903 a flock of White Leghorns, con-
sisting of 500 pullets and 18 cocks and cockerels,
made a profit (excess of value of eggs over cost of
food) of $46.45 per 100 fowls. A mixed flock of Wy-
andottes, Leghorns and cross breed Wyandottes and
Leghorns and Buff Leghorn pullets and hens mixed
made a profit fexcess of value of eggs over cost of
food) of $41.69 per 100 fowls. Another flock of White
Leghorn pullets made a profit of $40.58 per 100
fowls. In the winter of 1902-1903. while the price
of foods remained about the same as in 1901-1902,
the price of eggs from about the 1st of February on
was remarkably low. This covers the period when
the greater number of eggs were laid, consequently
the profits are much less in 1902-1903 than in 1901-
1902.

DUCKS AND WINTER LAYING.
Bucks, as a rule, do not lay well in winter, if we
except the Indian Runner breed, and yet eggs at this
time are very much wanted by those who hatch and
rear early ducklings for market. The eggs of the
Runner can be had without much difficulty, but this
■reed is of little value for the purpose referred to. A

breed which grows quickly and puts on plenty of flesh
of fine quality is what is wanted. Good condition,
without being overfat, is what is demanded in the
stock birds, and, in addition, they muct be provided
with comfortable quarters, and supplied with good
and stimulating food. Animal food must form a
iiberal share of their diet. Ducks can stand a lot of
"■his, and during the winter they lay all the better for
it. Cooked vegetables, such as cabbage and turnips,
are also very necessary, and should always accompany
a diet rich in nitrogenous elements. Mere fat-pro-
ducing food is of little value, though a certain amount
is necessary to supply the carbon demanded by the
low temperature of winter. In this respect, corn
meal is useful, but should be combined with one-third
its bulk of bran.

A cross between Pekins and Aylesburys often pro-
duces ducks which have a tendency to lay earlier in
i he winter than the pure bred parents, and it often
suits to cross these birds another year with pure A vies"
bury drakes. When Indian Runner ducks are cross-
ed with Aylesbury drakes plenty of early eggs are
secured, and the young ducklings are fairly satisfac-
tory growers, but if this cross is again mated with
an Aylesbury male the results are generally very
satisfactory. Eggs can usually be got at the time
they are wanted, and the ducklings grow fast, and
put on a lot of meat. If the top prices are usually
secured by pure bred Aylesburys, the latter cross, at
uny rate, ranges high up, and, everything considered,
is verv satisfactorv. — Ex.

Potato Fertilizer— Chemical Fertilizers.

Will you let come out in your February issue the
different chemicals to make a good potato fertilizer,
and where they can be bought, and proper proportions
to mix the same, and how much to the acre. If pos-
sible, give names of parties selling chemicals, as we
have applied to some companies and they refer us to
the agent, and he wants to sell us a manufactured
article, which we do not want. Also can you give us
the wholesale price list on chemical fertilizers from
the parties you recommend ?

J. Sinclair Selden.

If you look at Work for the Month in the Garden
Department you will find instructions as to Irish
potato fertilizer. You can get chemicals for mixing
fertilizers from Mortimer & Co., 13 William street,
Xow York city. They will quote you prices deliver-
ed in this or other States. They are a reliable firm,
and will sell you the goods as cheap as they can be
bought anywhere and of guaranteed analysis. You
will find a price list of chemicals in this issue. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

103

The Horse.

NOTES.

The Eastern Shore of Virginia breeders, the Floyd
Brothers, whose establishment is near Bridgetown,
in Northampton county, are branching out and in-
fusing new blood into their trotting stud year after
year. Tlicir premier sire is Sidney Prince, 2:21},
son of Sidney, and his stud companions are lied
Oliver, by Electrite, from the great brood mare Lady
May, and a young horse by Baron Dillon from a pro-
ducing dam. There is no more popular horse in
Virginia than Sidney Prince, and his book for some
seasons has filled to overflowing. At the recent
Fasig-Tipton sale, New York, the Messrs. Floyd
added eleven head of well bred brood mares to their
collection, and the addition of these matrons is likely
to produce results of a highly satisfactory nature.
They are by successful sires and mated with the
Floyd stallions should throw race winners. The
mares in question are Tlario, bay, foaled 1S9S, by
Allcrton, 2:0!)}, dam Baroness Spragne, by Baron
Wilkes, bred to Expedition, 2:15f; Nonamusa, a
brown, foaled 1900, by Allerton, dam Kate E., dam
of Birchwood, 2:15, by Mambrino Boy, bred to Ex-
pedition; Egeria, a black, foaled 1901, by Wilkes
Boy, dam Equiria, by Expedition, bred to Allerton;
Bed Rock, a bay, foaled ISO,"., by Egotist, 2:22, dam
Dixie Phallas, by Pliallas, 2:13$, bred to Allerton;
Baroletta, 2:17}, pacing, a bay, foaled 1896, by
Grand Baron, 2:12}, dam Collcta, 2:19}, by Nut-
breaker, 2:21}, hred to G rattan Boy, 2:08; Alselma,
a bay, foaled 1899, bv Altivo, 2:18^, dam Anselma,
2:294, by Ansel, 2:20, bred to Axworthy, 2:15};
Czarina, a brown, foaled 1900, by Henry Jay, dam
Sugar, dam of Peppina, 2:18}, bv Lumps, 2:21;
Bessie Gillig, foaled 1899, by Gill ig, 2 :23i, dam
Cecil, dam of Ti Point Mary, 2:174, by Waltham;
Miss Thayer, a black, by Simmons, 2:28, dam Es-
prit, by Cuyler Clara McGregor, a chestnut, foaled
18S6, by Robert McGregor, 2:17}, dam Clara Mor-
ris, by Mambrino Patchen, bred to Managing Direc-
tor; and Clemnncp, a bay, foaled 1899, by Cresceus,
1:59^, dam Aureola, sister to Delegate, 2:27}, by
Dictator.

J* Jf J«

The brood mares purchased by the Floyd Brothers
and placed in their stud should make history for the
Eastern Shore of Virginia, as most of them are bred
in fashionable lines and carry the blood of the most
successful sires of the present day. Nearly all of
them trace to George Wilkes, Electioneer and Alex-
ander's Abdallah, a trio holding the first rank among
the sons of Hambletonian, 10. Some of these mares
are yet young, and will be trained and raced before

being retired permanently to the stud, while others
are already staid matrons and were purchased spe-
cially for breeding. Those by Allerton, Expedition,
Wilkes Boy and Robert McGregor are the get of
sires of proven merit, and likely to attract most at-
tention, of course, but I confess more or less par-
tiality for Clemonce, the daughter of the stallion
king, Cresceus, 1:59}, not wholly because she is by
that mighty warrior, but on account of her carrying
the blood of Dictator on the maternal side, through
her dam. Aureola, the sister to Delegate. When
mated with Sidney Prince, Clemonce should throw a
race horse, as the prospective foal will carry blood
that has produced Lou Dillon, 1:58}, queen of trot-
ters, and Cresceus, 1:59$, who reigns as king of

them.

Jl j* S

Kelly, 2:27, full brother to Expressive, 2:124, is
doing finely in the stable of W. J. Carter. Expres-
sive was the greatest trotting race filly as a three
year the world has ever seen. She has great size, and
was recently sold at auction in New York for $1,700
when thirteen years old. Kelly is a son of Elec-
tioneer, out of far-famed thoroughbred Esther, dam
of four trotters. He has sired McChesney, 2 :lCf,
and other speedy performers. This horse transmits
his level head, speed and exquisite finish to his get,
too, and breeders can make no mistake in sending
their best mares to his court.

Jl Jl &

Among the trotters that are being wintered at

Spring Garden Farm, the country home of Robert

Tait, the Norfolk seed merchant, are Burlingame,

2:18*}, the brown stallion, by Guy Wilkes, dam the

famous brood mare Sable, by The Moor; Lissak, son

of Burlingame and Helic, by Norval, and such brood

mares as Helice, dam of Clarion, 2:15}; Miss Mack,

dam of General Johnson, 2 :12} ; Sweetstakes, dam of

Great Stakes, 2 :20, and others of note. Burlingame

was a trotter and a great show horse as well, and he is

the premier sire at Spring Garden, but Lissak is a

young horse, with good looks and speed, and some of

the best mares at the farm will be mated with him

this season.

Jl Jl Jl

Some of the best mares in the State were mated
last season with W. IT. Nelson's bay stallion, Great
Stakes, 2:20, and the son of Billy Thornhill is likely
to be well patronized during the coming one. Great
Stakes is the sire of the crack roadster, Foxhall,
2 :19|f, and other fast ones. Some of the best bred of
his get are fast enough to win and will take records
when started. One of the most promising of his

104

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

daiiirlitors of tlie clicstnut mare Princess Kenton, was
sold for export to Europe last season. Her record was
only 2 :32, but she could trot in 2 :15.

Tlie meeting of tlie Virginia State Veterinary As-
sociation held in this city a few days since, was har-
monious and productive of good results. Officers were
elected and matters of importance discussed. Dr.
Faville, of Norfolk, was chosen president; Dr. Thom-
as Eraser, of Richmond, vice-president, and Dr. Gil-
christ, of Norfolk, secretary and treasurer. The
Board of Censors consists of these officers and Drs.
Drake, Bannister and Fppes. Dr. J. G. Ferney-
bough, who occupies the position of State Veterina-
rian at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blaeks-
hurg. read a most interesting and valuable report of
his work, while other papers of interest to the profes-
sion were also read and discussed. On adjournment
of the Association the State Board of Veterinary Ex-
aminers, consisting of Drs. Gilchrist, Drake, Ban-
nister and Willis, met ttnd proceeded with the exam-
ination of applicants to practice in the State.

Among the two year olds in the string of J. O.
Keanc, the Kentucky trainer, who invaded Russia in
1002 and won more races than any one else, is Certi-
orari, chestnut colt, by Eon dam Cara Belle, by imp.
Chnraxus, dain Ada Belle, by Eolus. Certiorari was
bred in the Ellerslic stud, Charlottesville, Va., whero
his sire, the son of Eolus and War Song, rules as pre-
mier.

Jl Jl Jl

One of the highly prized brood marcs in the Kings-
ton stud of Baker & Gentry, Lexington, Ky., is the
Ellerslic bred marc Charola, a chestnut daughter of
imp. Chnraxus and Eola, the sister to Eole, by Eolus,
dam the famous War Song, by War Dance. The first
foal of Charola, a filly, was sold at auction in New
York last spring for $1,800. She has just dropped
her second foal, a handsome chestnut colt, by Jack
Point.

The stable of trotters owned by L. G. Roper arc
being wintered at Lonsdale Stock Farm, Roper, N.
('., and the horses are all doing nicely. By the record
Harry Woodford, 2:17}, the brown gelding, by Clem-
ent R., dam 3d a ml, by Harry Clay, is the fastest
member of the stable and Air. Roper considers his able
to trot right around 2:10. Among others in this
string are Lady Thelma, 2:20}. by Clement R. :
Simol Stakes, 2:21}, by Great Stakes; Mabel R.,

by the same sire, and Tar-TTeel, by Clement R., all of
whom are out of the great brood mare Sue Norfolk.
Sue Norfolk, the daughter of Norfolk and Lady Man-
chester, is in foal to Alto Bell, by Day Bell, son of
the ex-stallion King Palo Alto, 2 :08jf. The nicest
colt at Lonsdale is a ycar-bv by Foxhall McGregor,
dam Sue Norfolk. In addition to these Sue Norfolk
is the dam of Eoxhall, 2:TJ;}, Barry Woolford, Lady
Thelma and Sunel Stakes were raced last season and
Mr. Roper may conclude to send them out again dur-
ing the coming one, along with some younger horses
owned at the farm.

Jt Jt Jt

n. M. Johnston, Bedford City, Va., has sold to
George B. Wingfield, same place, the California bred
stallion Albenson, 1C249, a bay, by Alberton, 4023,
dam Lady Nelson, by John Nelson, 1ST, second dam
Oregon Nell, dam of Mai'd of Oaks, 2:23, by Mis-
sourin Copperbottom. Albenson was foaled 1889
and bred by W. S. Enos, of Independence.

William W. Bennett, whose stud of thoroughbreds
is kept on bis farm, near Buchanan. Botetourt coun-
ty, Va., has recently added to his collection the chest-
nut mare Sea Drift, by Knight of Ellerslic, dam Sea
Foam, by Lisbon. The former good race horse and
now successful sire of hunter and jumpers, Bohe-
mian, son of Ten Brocck, who heads the Bennett stud,
is wintering nicely and promises to be well patronized
during the coming season.

A meeting of the Staunton Horse Show Associa-
tion, of Staunton, Va., was held there recently and
plans laid for an exhibition this year. The Association
has secured the services of Julian Morris, who suc-
cessfully managed the Lynchburg Horse Show in
11)03. The officers of the Staunton Horse Show Asso-
ciation are: Hon. Edward Echols, president; J. N.
McFarland, vice-president; L. G. Straus, treasurer;
Hugh C. Braxton, secretary, while the Board of Di-
rectors is made up of P. 1L Ellerson, W. W. King,
L. L. Bowman, Julius Witz, Raleigh Carrier, J. B.
Guntncr, William A. Grubcrt and S. C. NctL

Broad Rock.
Jl Jl Jl

Ertcata. — Tn our January issue, in the last para-
graph in the Horse Notes, a mistake occurred which
we desire to correct. The gentleman referred to as
"Mr. Samuel" should have been Mr. Samuel Hair-
ston. lie breeds pure bred cattle and hogs and fine
horses. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

105

Miscellaneous.

AGRICULTURAL TEACHERS AND WRITERS.

DR. W. C. STUBBS.
In the article in onr last issue on this subject it was
our intention to have included a short sketch of Dr.
V.r. C. Stubbs, but we failed to receive his portrait in

. , . , time in have a half

i Ml

tone cut made. We
have since received
same, and have now
the pleasure of pre-
senting a life-like
likeness of Dr.
Stubbs. Dr. Stubbs
is one of the men
of whom Virginia
may be proud, al-
though, unfortu-
nately for Virginia,
his life work in the
advancement of ag-
riculture has been
done in another
State. Dr. Stubbs
is a native of Glou-
cester county. Va., where he still owns the old ances-
tral plantation on which his" forbears were born and
helped to build up the State. This plantation he not
only owns but works, the same being managed by his
nephew under direction. lie is there setting a fine
example of scientific farming and daily increasing
the fertility of the place and building up a fine herd
of pure bred cattle. Dr. Stubbs, after serving
through the war resumed his studies at the Univer-
sity of Virginia and graduated there. In 1869 he
accepted a profesorship in East Alabama College,
and in 1S7;2 was made professor of chemistry in
Alabama Agricultural and ^Mechanical College, and
later State Chemist. In 1885 he was called to take
charge of the Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station,
established by the planters of that State. He was
shortly after appointed professor of agriculture in
Louisiana State University and Director of the State
Experiment Station at Raton Rouge. Later he was
made State Chemist of Louisiana, and also Director
of the North Louisiana Experiment Station, at Cal-
houn, lie still discharges the duties of- these various
positions and has done so so efficiently and with such
manifest advantage to the agricultural interest of the
State that the Legislature has constantly increase'1

the appropriations made for the different interests
under his charge. The work which he has done in
connection with the introduction and breeding of
richer types of Sugar cane and the growtli of these
and the introduction and perfection of means for
more completely extracting and refining the juice has
resulted in the addition of millions of dollars of
wealth to Louisiana. In other lines of agricultural
advancement he lias taken forward ground, and is
now doing all lie can to increase interest in live stock
breeding and feeding, with a view to the utilization
of the waste products of the rice, cotton and sugar
fields. In this issue will be found a short article
dealing with his latest experiment in this line in
which he has demonstrated that Louisiana, with her
rice bran and molasses and forage crops, can feed
beef which will top the Chicago market. Dr. Stubbs
has been a prolific writer on the Sugar cane and
sugar production, and his works are recognized as
authorities on the subject. He has also written
largely on other agricultural topics and has fre-
quently favored us with articles of great value to
Virginia and other Southern farmers. Although so
busy a man he never fails to respond to any request
from us for an article likely to be of help and value
to his old Virginia friends.

Bermuda Grass.

You will please advise me if you think Eermuda
Grass would grow in Franklin county, Va. I am
anxious to secure a stand of several acres if you think
same will grow here. Advise best methods of sow-
ing it. Will order the sod if }'ou think best. Name
land best suited for it. W. II. Paekes.

Henry Co., Va.

Yes, we believe it will succeed. Plant sod and not
seed. It does best on good loamy land. Plow and
work the land fine, then open shallow furrows about a
foot apart drop in at intervals of a foot a few of the
roots and cover with the plow and roll. The roots
are much more reliable than the seed. — -Ed.

If you have some pure bred birds, enter them for
competition. The score card of the judge will give
you an idea of their value.

106

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

AN IRISH POTATO DIGGER.

The scarcity of labor now common throughout the
trucking sections of the country and which is being
seriously felt in this and adjoining States, has led us
to make some enquiry and investigation into the
merits of an Irish potato digger which has recently
been put on the market by D. Y. Hallock k Sons, of
York, Pa., the introducers of that well-known and
appreciated implement, the weeder. In the trucking
sections of this and adjoining States millions of
biishels of early Irish potatoes are grown every year.
In the past the digging and gathering of this crop
has been done chiefly by negroes, but the demand for
labor has taken away to the mines, railroads and
factories thousands of these men. Something in the
shape of machinery is needed to take their place, and
from our investigation into the merits of Messrs.
Hallock's digger, we believe they have struck the
needed want Diggers in the past have not given
full satisfaction. They either failed to dig cleanly
or bruised and buried the potatoes after they were
lifted. The devices adopted by Messrs. Hallock in
their new machine seem to us likely to meet all these
difficulties, and we are assured by those who tested
the machine last fall that it did excellent work. We
feel that growers may with confidence give this ma-

c-bine a trial, and we shall be glad to learn that they
are doing so. Machinery is bound eventually to sup-
plant human labor in this work, and those who first
get the right machine are sure to be rewarded in the
quick and economical handling of the crops.

NORTH GARDEN (VA.) FARMERS' CLUB.

Editor Southern Planter:

The North Garden Farmers" Club held its 14th
annual meeting at the home of Mr. S. B. Woods, on
ihe 19 th of December. The inspection committee,
consisting of Messrs. Harrv Martin. W. H. Suther-
land, G. W. White, reported Mr. Woods' large herd
of pure bred Red Polled cattle in fine condition. He
has also ten fine pure bred Poland China brood sows
and 108 fine Rronze turkeys, for which Mr. Woods
expects $10 each. His large orchards are in good
condition. Since the last meeting he has erected a
large and handsome barn.

After the inspection the club were invited to a most
excellent dinner, among the viands being a splendid
wild turkey, roast bear, oysters, etc. After doing
j.mple justice to these good things the Club adjourned
to the parlor, where small tables were groaning un-
der the weight of cakes and cream. After partaking

1904.]

TKE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

107

of all these creature comforts the Club was ready for
business, and proceeded to the election of officers for
the ensuing year. Mr. Ilarry Martin was elected
President; Vice-President, W. II. Sutherland; Sec-
retary, L. B. ohnson; Corresponding Secretary, J.
'N. Faris.

The drawing of the months in which each member
will entertain the Club during the coming year then
took place. There being no special subject for dis-
cussion, the talk took a wide range, from the Panama
Canal to the raising of chickens. The subject for
discussion at the next meeting was agreed upon —
viz. : What new crops can we undertake to raise with
fair prospects of success? S. B. Woods and S. M.
Page to open the discussion.

The Club adjourned, to hold its next meeting at the
home of Mr. W. L. Carpenter.

J. ~N. Paris, Corresponding Secretary.

COUNTRY LIFE VS. CITY LIFE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have been an interested reader of your practical
and helpful journal for some five months, and, with
your permission, would like to rise and ask a ques-
tion. T have been a travelling man, am living in a
city, and come in contact with all trades and profes-
sions of importance. Among every class I find the
same feeling of discontent and the idea that the man
iu the other class has the best job, and the easiest
living. Almost universally they end their plaint
with the statement, "The farmer is the most inde-
pendent and has the best living of any working
man." My query then, is, can a frugal, indus-
trious man, who owns his own home in the city, and
is working on a fairly good salary, improve his con-
dition and get ahead faster than could the same man
with the same capital invested in a good farm, as well
located with reference to markets as the city man is
to employment, and allowing average success in each
location ?

I have a home in mind, which will illustrate the
way in which the ordinary city man lives, and how
his money goes. He owns a house of eight rooms,
with all improvements, on a lot 35x100 feet, on a
clean street and good neighborhood, within three
minutes' walk of car line, stores, school, churches,
etc. Ilis property is worth about $3,000. He works
nine hours a day on a salary of $50 per month. The
family consists of three adults, and there is no work
hired in the house, his wife doing the washing and
ironing. The expenses of maintaining this home are
about as follows :

Taxes per year $ 30 00

Food per year 180 00

Fuel per year 35 00

Water rents per year 6 00

Gas, fuel, light per year 25 00

Clothes per year 100 00

Repairs per year 20 00

Car fare per year 40 00

Lunches. 25c. per day 74 00

$510 00

Year's salary $600 00

Total expenses 510 00

Balance $90 00

These figures, I believe, are as low as a family of
three can live in this city respectably. This leaves,
as you see, only $00 for incidentals and for a rainy
day. You can imagine how much is saved !

The United States Commissioner of Labor reports
that the estimated cost of living for a family in this
city is $450 per year, and the average salary received
as $40 per month, many in debt and getting more in-
volved each year.

Now, Mr. Editor, I can see where a large part of
the above $510 could be cut off in the country, with
one's own cow, poultry, fruit and vegetables, so that
perhaps one-half could be saved and placed on the
credit side of the farm. But how about the crops
and the income obtainable from a $3,000 farm in old
Virginia ? Suppose we find a farm well located as
to markets, of say a 100 acres, with fair buildings,
water, etc., such as we see advertised in your State,
and plan it to have, say —
25 acres in timber for fuel.

2 acres in yard and buildings.

3 acres in orchard and poultry yards.
10 acres in hog pasture.

20 acres in corn.

5 acres in wheat.

5 acres in oats.
30 acres in pasture, together with timber.

100

Suppose he kept 500 or 1,000 laying hens, hatch-
ing by incubator, and turning off as many early
broilers as possible. Also 10 or 12 brood sows to run
on the pasture, keeping them supplied with green
feed by rape and other forage crops following the
corn, etc. With a silo and a little surplus capital he
might buy a few head of thin cattle, keeping them 60
or 90 days, and so get more manure and market his
corn and roughage at home. If such a course was
pursued, what could he reasonably expect to realize
above his living? I would feel very glad if you
should consider this query of enough general interest
to devote a little space in the Planter to a discus-
sion of the subject, and give us your opinion of thf
"better life" and facts to show what can be done.

108

TTTE SOUTITERX PLANTER.

[February

Anything that will help to put intelligently con-
ducted farming on a business l/asis with other pro-
fessions, and stop the rush of young men to the al-
ready overcrowded cities, seems to me to be of prime
importance. Authorities tell us that 3 per cent, of
the men who start in business make a success. How
is it in fanning? The latter business surely makes
less nervous wrecks, and I believe affords the most
satisfaction in life to one adapted to it.

Cleveland, Ohio. II. 0. King.

The foregoing question is one which has been re-
peatedly addressed to us, and one which we have on
more than one occasion essayed to answer. The
great difficulty which always confronts us in dealing
with the subject is one of the man and not of the
farm. Given the right man, one who knows some-
thing of country life and has a genuine love for the
country and for working in the land and amongst
animals, and there can be no doubt but that such a
man can succeed as a farmer either in this State or
in any other good farming State, and that be can not
only provide better for the daily wants of his fam-
ily, but can save more money than he can as a clerk
or employee in the city on such a salary as the average
man can command. And yet with this certain as-
surance we always hesitate to advise a man to break
up a city home and throw up a situation to become a
farmer. This hesitancy is occasioned by fear lest
the man and the new occupation shall not be found
in harmony, especially under what are almost certain
to be the rough experiences of the first two or three
years, and that he will become discouraged and lose
what he has saved and invested in the new place.
With $o,000 to commence the life of a farmer in
this State any man at all capable of running a farm
and wirh health, strengih and willingness to work
and learn, ought to succeed in five years' time in
securing a beautiful home and an abundance of
everything needed to make life worth living, and
after that save money each year. We would say
first do not buy too large a place, 100 acres is enough,
oven less would be better than more. Do not invest
in the farm more than half your capital. You will
need money to meet running expenses and to provide
household needs for at least two years, and probably
something in addition to what the farm makes for
another year or two beyond that time. In this
State for $1,">00 there are hundreds of places for sale
of from 75 to 1")0 acres, with fairly comfortable
houses and buildings on them, which, with good,
energetic and scientific management, will, in throe
vcars, make most desirable and profitable homes.
The mistake nearly all make who come here from

;he Xorth and West is that they buy too much land.
They are surprised at the low price of our lands as
compared with the price of land Xorth and West, and
overburden themselves at the start, thus locking up
their capital when it is essentially necesary that they
'hould have means available to improve lands which,
; hough naturally good, have been wasted by years of
unscientific farming. On such a place as we have
suggested, located within a reasonable distance of a
sity or town, a system of diversified farming, making
dairying, hog raising and egg and poultry produc-
tion leading features and raising on the farm all the
rough feed needed and as much of the grain food as
can be done, success should be assured. We have in
mind a gentleman in this State who gave up a situ-
ation as a drummer for a commercial house about ten
vears ago and went on to a farm owned by bis wife
in Southside Virginia. This farm had been rented
for years, and was so badly run that the last tenant
refused to live longer on it, even rent free, as he
could not scrape a living out of it Fortunately the
gentleman in question had great love for farm life,
and had been trained at the Agricultural and Me-
chanical College of the State, and had, therefore,
some knowledge of the work before him. Beyond
the farm he had only a few hundred dollars of capi-
tal. This he invested in a team and a few cows and
hogs, and set about the work of improving 50 acres
of his farm. He has worked steadily on the place
from that time to this, and now owns one of the
prettiest places in the whole section, producing on
100 acres of the improved land some of the heaviest
crops ever grown in the State, which are fed to a fine
herd of cattle and to hogs and poultry, whose pro-
ducts are shipped to this city and sell at top market
prices, producing a fine income and constantly en-
hancing the value of the farm and stock. What this
gentleman has done you can do, if, like him, you
are adapted to the life.

Remember, the best-looking birds are not al-
ways the best performers, and before completing the
bargain learn something of the characteristics of
these birds; the number of cgers per year the flock
laid for, better still, the individual records of some
of the hens); if they lay through the winter: the
kind of house they are in fif heated with stove, or
other means, during cold days or nights, don't have
them at any price), and other questions that mav sug-
gest themselves. Have a clear idea what you want,
and if you are asked a price equal to one dollar per
pound, "don't pinch down for a chip."

1904.]

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTEE.

109

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY
Ml

n

RICHMOND, VA.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,
Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 13 mailed to
subscribers In the United States and Canada
At 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 76c.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Office to which your paper Is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this Is done.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription Is paid.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND, VA.

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS.

All advertisements and matter
pertaining to advertising must
reach us by the 25th of each
month. Please bear this in mind.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Nitrate of Soda — Humus 83

Warts on Horses — Scratches 83

Silo Filling— Silage 83

Crops for Hogs 84

Diseased Fowls 84

English Blue Grass — Hungarian

Brome Grass — Coculus Indicus. . 8!
Sheep Pulling Wool — Lump on

Cow's Jaw 84

Devon Cattle 85

Utilizing Bones— Coffee Grounds —

Soy Beans 85

Worms in Hogs 85

Broom Sedge in Orchard 85

Draining Land 85

Improving Mountain Land for Or-
chards— Seeding to Grass 86

Cross-Breeding Sheep 86

Bermuda Onions 86

Cocke's Prolific Corn — Maize 86

Cocke's Prolific Corn — Lime — Ear-
liana Tomato 86

Hog Pasture 87

Pecans 87

Seeding to Grass 87

Oyster Shells 87

Windbreak 87

Grass for Name 88

Kaffir Corn 88

Stock on Wild Range Near the Sea-
coast 88

Forage Crops 88

East India Giant Clover 88

Varieties of Apples and Peaches to

Plant in Western North Carolina. 88
Cotton Seed — Cotton Seed Meal —

Stable Manure 89

Book on Truck Growing — Fertilizer

for Cabbages, etc 89

Improving Land 89

Tobacco Fertilizer 90

Sores on Mules' Backs 90

Brussels Sprouts 90

Weeder in Cotton 90

Improving Land 90

Cow Pea Hav ! 90

Our Holiday Number.

It is with a feeling close to pro-
found gratitude that we acknowl-
edge the numerous letters and ex-
pressions of commendation and
congratulation we have received
on our January issue. From all
quarters of the country have come
\vords of praise of our effort. We
have been made to feel that we
have really done something worth
doing. We are sure that we have
gathered enough inspiration from
these letters to last us through this
year, and to urge us to still greater
effort in the future. We append
a couple of letters, which are fair
samples of those received, and as
they come from such competent
sources, you need not blame us if
you find us suffering with an at-
tack of "swelled head" some time
when you drop in on us :

Raccoon Ford, Va., Jan. 12, 1904.

I have been reading The Southern
Planter for many years, say, from
its foundation, in 1840, sixty-four
years, and I am sure I have derived
much benefit from it, and I hope it
will survive and prosper for the bene-
fit of generations to come.

I am now almost eighty-eight years
old, and am still giving my active at-
tention to my farm operations. This
is a blessing vouchsafed to very few,
and I trust I am not unmindful, but
often cherish a deep sense of gratitude
for my vigorous health and activity in
my old age.

With best wishes, I am, very truly,
Your friend, P. P. Naixe.

Adrian, Mich., Jan. 11, 1903.
The Southern Planter,

Richmond, Virginia.
Gentlemen:

The writer has gone through every
page of your current issue, and be-
lieves, without exception, it is the
most interesting number of any agri-
cultural paper that ever came to his
office.

We congratulate you upon your
grand success. Very respectfuly,

Dr. J. H. Reynolds, Advertising Man
Page Woven Wire Fence Co.

Wood'sSeeds.

Twenty-five years practical ex-
perience, and the fact that we do
the largest business in Seeds in the
Southern States, enables us to
supply every requirement in

GARDEN AND FARM SEEDS

to the very best advantage, both
as regards quality and price.

Truckers and Farmers

requiring large quantities of Seeds
are requested to write for special
prices. If you have not received
a copy of WOOD'S SEED BOOK
for 1904, write for it. There is not
another publication anywhere
that approaches it in the useful
and practical information that
it gives to Southern farmers
and gardeners.

Wood's Seed Book will be mailed free

on request. Write to-day:

do not delay.

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y„ U. S. A.
HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. without
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most
rapid working and best mad*.
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St.. Centreville, Iowa.

Stump Pullers

grubbing - machines,
DERRICKS to handle
cane, cotton and tobacco.
Derricks to load manure.
"Derricks for all purposes.

Dept. L. NATIONAL H0I5T & rtACHINB

CO., Chicago, III.

110

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

DEAFNESS CANNOT BE CURED*"
by local applications, as they cannot
reach the diseased portion of the ear.
There is only one way to cure deafness,
and that is by constitutional remedies.
Deafness is caused by an inflamed con-
dition of the mucous lining of the Eus-
tachian Tube. When this tube is in-
flamed you have a rumbling sound, or
imperfect hearing, and when it is en-
tirely closed, Deafness is the result,
and unless the inflammation can be
taken out and this tube restored to its
normal condition, hearing will be de-
stroyed forever. Nine cases out of ten
are caused by Catarrh, which Is
nothing but an inflamed condition of
the mucous services.

We will give One Hundred Dollars
for any case of Deafness (caused by
catarrh) that cannot be cured by
Hall's Catarrh Cure. Send for circu-
lars, free.

F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, 0.

Sold by Druggists, 75c.

Hall's Family Pills are the best.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

R. B. Williamson is advertising his
"Invincible Sprayer" in this issue. He
has a very interesting illustrated cir-
cular he would like to send to inter-
ested parties.

P. S. Lewis & Son are among the
new advertisers in this issue. Their
splendid herd of Short-horns, in which
will be found the splendid bulls, Lord
of Spring Creek, Cedric, Imp. Laven-
der Lad, Imp. Sir Wilfred Laurier, is
well worth investigating before pur-
chasing elsewhere.

This firm is going after the trade in
this section, and will treat prospective
buyers right, both as to price and
quality of stock.
~The Hard Steel Fence Co. has a card
in another column. Many of our read-
ers are familiar with their goods.

Hon. A. W. Harman, Jr., comes out
with a Berkshire ad. in this issue. He
offers some choice stock.

Latham & Co. are offering Spraying
outfits. Look up their ad. and send for
descriptive circular.

The Merchants' National Bank pub-
lishes a comparative statement cover-
ing IB years of its business, which
makes very interesting reading for
any one interested in a safe and re-
liable banking institution.

R. J. Hancock & Son are offering
for sale their noted horse, Aurus. Look
up the ad. and send for his pedigree
and price.

J. W. Randall would like to dig you
an Artesian well. Look up his ad.
elsewhere.

James Leffel & Co. have an interest-
ing card on another page.

The Cash Supply and Mfg. Co. are
advertising their "Michigander" Incu-
bator.

W. M. Ostrander, the Philadelphia

SALZERS SEED NOVELTIES

&n

SALZER'S NATIONAL OATS.

Ohio 137 bu.. in Mich. 231 bu.. In Mo 155 r_.u
110 bu. peracre. during 1903, and In 1904 vou can grw just
as easily SOObu. per acre of Salzer's National Oals, aa
we can. Your land Is Just as good. Just as rich and you are
Just as good a farmer aa we are. We hope you will try tbia
Oat in 1904, and then sell same for aeed to your neighbors

at a fancy price, next fall.

L*c

>J

Macaroni Wheat.

It does well on arid, dry lands, aa also on rich farm lands,
yielding from 30 to SO bu. »er acre.

Speltz and Hanna Barley.

Greatest cereal food on earth. Yielda 4 tonselegant straw
bay and 60 bu. of grain, as rich as corn, oats and wheat
ground together ' Does well everywhere Hanna Barley
| grows on dry, arid lands, yielding 64 bu. per acre.

Salzer's Home Builder Corn.

Positively the biggest eared early corn on earth, yielding
in Ind. 167 bu , Ohio lfia bu.. Tenn. 193 bu.. Mich 220 bu.
and 9. D. 276 bu. per acre. Itia really a marreioua corn.
Sinka its roots deeply alter moisture and nourishment and
grows like a weed. ^^^^^__

Bromus Inermis and Allalla Clover.

Bromus Inermia ia the most prolific grass for permanent
pastures on earth. Yields 7 tons hay per acre Good on
sand. lime. clay, gravel— yes. on all kinds of soils'

Alfalfa Clover produces more bavand better hay than
any Clover known. It is good for 7 tons per acre.

Potatoes 736 bushels per Acre.

The Editor oftheRritAL New Yorker says. "Salzer's
Earliest Potato is t tie earliest out of 53 early sor'.s tried, and
yields 484 bu. per acre, while Salzer's Early U'isconsin
yielded for them 736 bu. per acre. Salzer's Potatoes for
yield challenge the world r*

FOR 10c IN STAMPS

ie name of this paper, we will send you a lot of farm
amples. including some of ubove. together with
mammoth 140 page illustrated catalog. Send to-day.

JOHN A.SALZER SEED CO.LaCrosse.Wis

HALLOCK

Combined

Weetler ana Seeder

The farmer who knows t'.ie value of lijxht surface stirrins and weed
growing crops recognizes in this the prize implement. It is the flat t
cultivator. Vou know what that means — its special adaptability,
service, its results. Increases crop 25:6 to 40'{. There is but one fli
tooth— the only satisfactory tooth— the Hallock patent. We have the
right to manufacture it

TheSeederA ttachment

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ones From ihot

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actual u

'••

Keystone Farm Machine Co., 1 554 North Beaver Street, York, Pa.

"MEW UNIVERSAL" LIME OF GARDEN TOOLS

6 STYLES SEEDERS

Opens fur- U Models

~l Accuracy,

is plain

Combined tccdi

:i.-<rcu v i •3uwsin rake* plow, cui

Any depth, My|SinBle%r double

" ry adjustment

. Wheel Plows

Note Hirh Arch and Plant Guards jth cultjrator „ke a„d
Bent Oak Handles on all Tools, ,ttaehments. For under, and m """■»_
Details on full llae tools In 1904 free catalocTjc. v'riteforlt. Ipoultry yards. ^ J iii-

AMES PLOW COMPANY, 56 MARKET STREET, BOSTON, MASS.

For Sale by CRIFFITH *> TURNER CO., Baltimore., Md

BYVSf ,
el Ai

den and V "J*

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

Ill

real estate man, has a prominent ad.
on another page.

The Rocker Churn Mfg. Co. is a new
advertiser in this issue. They offer a
churn of considerable merit.

The seed firm of Johnson & Stokes
has a card on another page.

The J. B. Williams Co. are advertis-
ing their celebrated shaving soap.

The Truss & Cable Fence Co. resume
their advertising with us again this
season.

Look up the ad. of Dan Patch. The
International Stock Food Co., his
owner, have something interesting to
say about him.

The Cozy Nook Poultry Farm is
another new advertiser this season.
They have some choice stock at right
prices.

The Bullfleld Farms are offering
their Poland Chinas. Look up the ad.
L. W. Walsh has some high-scoring
Plymouth Rocks for sale.

A. P. White, Jr., owner of the Acco-
mac herd of Berkshires, offers a choice
lot of stock in his ad. in another
column.

Miniborya Farm has some splendid
Berkshires for sale.

Morewood Poultry Farm is adver-
tising its prize-winning stock.

The Chicago House Wrecking Co.
has four ads. in this issue, and we in-
vite the attention of our readers to
all of them.

Buff Rocks are offered by H. L. Tro-
linger, another new advertiser, in this
issue.

Some splendid young mules can be
had of Louis de Lacroix. Refer to his
ad.

Rose Dale Stock Farm has a choice
offering of Aberdeen-Angus cattle.

The famous Mapes Manures are ad-
vertised on another page.

Single Comb White Leghorns are a
specialty of C. G. M. Fink, as will be
seen by his ad. in another column.

Some choice Essex Hogs can be had
of L. G. Jones.

The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co. is going
right after the carriage and buggy
trade of this section, as will be evi-
denced by their large ads. to be found
elsewhere.

Hollybrook Farm offers some choice
Berkshires, and also eggs from the
prominent strains of pure-bred poultry.
Some choice Angora bucks can be
had of M. S. Valentine. He sends us
a splendid sample of mohair, taken
from one of these bucks in last Novem-
ber. It was then about 6 inches long.
J. T. Janney has three ads. in this
issue, to which we ask your attention.
The Bona Vista Nurseries have a
large ad. on another page. They are
offering some choice stock, which will
be found in good, healthy condition.

QOLD MEDALS:

Paris, 1900. Pan-American, 1901.

for oyer a hundred years have been universally recognized as the stand-
ard of excellence. They received the GOLD MEDAL (the highest
award) both at the Paris Exposition of 1000 and at the Pan-American,

1901.

Our Catalogue

"Bruddahs en sistahs," said old Par-
son Sparks, "ef de church bell attract-
ed people lak the dinneh bell, de pews
would be filled in two minutes after
de fus' ringin'."

— the 103d successive annual edition — contains a more complete assort-
ment and fuller cultural directions than any other seed annual pub-
lished. It is beautifully illustrated, not with highly colored exaggera-
tions, but with the finest half-tones from life photographs. It contains
144 large size pages, and is in every respect and without exception the
most complete, most reliable, and most beautiful of American Garden
Annuals. We will mail it FREE.

Market Gardeners

are invited to send for our special price list of high-class vegetable seeds
for truckers and large market growers. It contains all sorts of ap-
proved merit

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

36 Cortlandt St., NEW YORK.

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

WE ARK GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Grapevines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Curra
Strawberries, Horse-Kadis-h, Asparagus, Dewberr nd

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and S de
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and Hedge Plants.

EGOS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at *l-00 per II.
Also a few pulleU and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Immediate de-
livery. Write for Catalogue to

J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, V

112

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

The LANSING"
PERFECT TUBULAR SILO

is the Best S!lo Made.

a-

0*}

A. M. D. HOLLOWAY,
Builders Exchange, Phila., Pa., U. S. A.

Write for Catalogue and Prices.

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

*K*i

. | Clark's Rev. Bush Plow and Harrow

Ci-l,^, cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.

£ZJT?f\ k deep. Connects the sub-

r,'ilr><Jk"nB^ffC55B so1' water. It Is an ex-

WT. cellent machine for

^covering In sugar cane.

([Strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly cut
' forest, stump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Double Action Cutaway ,=.'
Harrow moves 15,000 tons ol

«rtn.uad.y. '^rfo^AVW*

^.Bend for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

Made single or double.

~7$*jj One or two furrows five

"*i2r 4?^ t0 ten lncDes deep: 14

NflC/Vy !i inches wide. For two or

' V / four horses. Light draft.

<~__J-^ No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
asdirected in his xruss circular, we, the C. H, Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morningglory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Higganum, Ct., U. S. A.

All Grinding

Jar corn, with or without
H husks, and all grains yruunU
(■■ fine or coarse as
,/J wanted with the

KELLY

THE O. S. KELLY CO., Springfield, Ohio.

A NEW FERTILIZER.

NITBA.TE OF POTASH.

A fertilizer chemical about which
little is known by the average farmer,
but today the cheapest source of
potash and nitrogen, is Nitrate of
Potash. It is practically the only ex-
tensive source of potash not controlled
by the Potash Trust.

Nitrate of Potash is imported from
India. The total exports from that
country to all points are about 20,000
tons, of which about 6,000 tons comes
to the United States, 6,000 to England,
4,000 tons to China and Japan, 2,500
tons to the Continent, and 1,500 tons
to Mauritius. Of the 6,000 tons
brought to this country, about 2,500
tons are used by the packers, 2,000
tons by powder manufacturers, and
1,500 tons by fertilizer manufacturers
It is only during the last two years
that fertilizer manufacturers have
used the material, but the consump-
tion in this direction is increasing.
All Nitrate of Potash is sold under a
guarantee of "under 6 per cent, re-
fraction"; in other words, 94 per cent.
Nitrate of Potash. Ninety-four per
cent. Nitrate of Potash contains about
45 per cent, actual potash and 16 per
cent, ammonia. In other words, 2,000
pounds of 94 per cent. Nitrate of
Potash, analyzing 45 per cent, actual
potash and 16 per cent, ammonia, con-
tains as much actual potash as 1,850
pounds of 90 per cent, sulphate of
potash, and as much ammonia as
about 1,675 pounds of 96 per cent,
nitrate of Soda — over 3,500 pounds of
the two combined.

This material is worth to-day at
New York for February-March de-
livery in lots of one ton and over
?70 per ton, f. o. b. cars. In car-load
lots, ex vessel, $67.50 per ton. It is
in mixtures where potash in the form
of sulphate is usually used as in to-
bacco fertilizers that this material
shows the greatest economy. Tobacco
stems, when distilled, produce potash
in the form of Nitrate of Potash,
which would certainly show that this
material is an ideal source of Potash
and Nitrogen for this crop.

With nitrate of soda, worth J42.50
per ton, and sulphate of potash, 43.50
per ton, in car-load lots at seaboard,
Nitrate of Potash, at $67.50, com-
pares as follows:
1,850 lbs. of 90 per cent, sul-
phate of potash at $43.50

per ton $40.23'

1,675 lbs. of 96 per cent, nitrate

of soda at $42.50 per ton . 35.59

J.225 lbs $75.82

2,000 lbs. of 94 per cent, nitrate

of potash, their equivalent. 67.50

1,525 lbs saved in freight and in

cost per ton $8.32

Nitrate of Potash is a white crys-
talline material, easily soluble in
water, and, of course, its potash and
nitrogen contents are at once avail-

No Money
In Advance.

We will send any re-
sponsible farmer a

DITTO'S

'"ISVSi, FEED GRINDER

to test on his own farm. Grinds ear corn
anil all Email grain. If it is not the easiest
running, with largest capacity, don't keep it.
I ■ is st 'i ing and powerful— a time saver and a
money maker. Send for circulars and full
particulars.

G. M. DITTO, Box 48 Joliet, Ills.

m

New Holland Mills

are the practical, every day mills for every
day wants. No other good mill at bo low a
price. Made in 3 sizes. Adapted to any kind
of power. Don't fail to get our free catalogue
before buying.

NEW HOLLAND MACHINE CO.,
Box 163. New Holland. Pa.

Pumper

crated completely
_ erected, all coaneo-
msde. Easy to ttart, any
can operate It. Every
guaranteed. Other gizei
GOH.P. Send for cat-
Weber Gas & Gaso'' _
Engine Co., Box 138

Me Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate Mills

S From 1 to 40 II. P. Also Bone Out-
Uts. Iiiincl ami power, for the |ntiU-
trymen; Farm Feed .MIIU, Uri

WU.-iON Ulcus.. s„le Mln

WE PAY $33 A WEEK and expenseB to men
with rigs to Introduce Poultry Compound. In-
ternational Mfg. Co., Parsons, Kan.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

113

THE SPRAY PUMP ON

BEST

EARTH

We know its merits
from practical expe-
rience. Having used al-
most all known pumps
in our own orchards,
consequently we are
able to judge of its su-
periority over all oth-
ers. It is the most
durable pump made.
The easiest working
pump; no stuffing boxes
to look after. The han-
dle is adjustable to suit
the height of the ope-
rator. The agitator is a simple, direct mo-
tion, and keeps the solution thoroughly mix-
ed. A pressure of 150 to "00 pounds can be
easily obtained. Hand and Geared Vineyard
Sprayers a specialty. Patented and manufac-
tured by LATHAM &. CO.,

Sandusky, O.

for Catalogue.

Get the Best

i hi?

THE ECLIPSE I

good pump. As prac- ■
tical fniii growers we H
a using the com- H
i sprayers in our
i orchards — found
their defects and then invented
The Eclipse. Its success
practically forced us into man-
ufacturing on a large scale.
You take no chances. Wehave
done all the experimenting.

Large fully illustrated
Catalogue and Treatise „
on Spraying— FREE.

HOKRILL £• MORIET. Benton Harbor. Mich.

FORCE PUMP

HAS NO EQUAL

PRICE REASONABLE

CATALOGUE FREE

ACENT5 WANTED

THE KOIL MFC.CO.

Defender
Sprayer

All brass, easiest work-
ing, most powerful, auto-
matic mixer, expansion
valves, double strainer.
Catalogue of Pumps and
Treatise on Spraying free
AGENTS WANTED;

J. F. Qiylord, Box 82 Catiklll, N. T.

able, as is the case with nitrate of soda
and sulphate of potash.

In certain provinces of India, during
the dry season, this material comes to
the surface and crystallizes. This
crude product is scraped up and taken
to Calcutta, where it is refined to 94
per cent. Nitrate of Potash.

Edmund Mobtimeb & Co.

New York.

JUDICIOUS SPREADING OP MA-
NURE.

Probably no branch of farm work is
of as much importance to the progres-
sive farmer of to-day as the distribu-
tion of manure in such a way as to
derive the most benefit, consequently
his attention has turned to the more
adequate way — that of spreading by
machinery.

Several of the manufacturers of
farm implements have put Manure
Spreaders on the market in the last
few years, and among these, reaching
towards the height of perfection, is
the Great Western Endless Apron
Spreader. There are many strong
points in favor of this machine, any
one of which might serve to put it in
a class by itself. Principal of these
would seem to be the Endless Apron,
which admits of reloading without the
trouble of stopping to crank it back
and of hauling about double the
amount of manure that can be handled
by a half apron machine.

The combined hood and end-gate
serves the dual purpose of keeping the
manure from beater while loading,
and acts as a hood or shield while in
motion, and is changed from gate to
hood by means of the lever, which
throws the machine in operation, with-
out leaving seat. The beater will not
carry over hard chunks or bunches of
manure until they are thoroughly torn
to pieces or pulverized. In fact, every
detail for spreading bas reached a sur-
prising degree of completeness in this
machine. It also spreads straw, chaff,
sawdust, etc., for mulching strawberry
plantations, etc.

We might say a great deal more for
the Spreader, but feel you will get
more good from the large illustrated
catalogue which the Smith Manure
Spreader Company will gladly mail
you if you ask for it. See their adver-
tisement in another column.

Hastings, Fla., Nov. 13, 1903.
Griffith & Turner Co.,

Baltimore, Md.
Gentlemen:

It is a pleasure to say that all my
dealings with you have been more
than satisfactory, and so far as I know,
all of your stuff that has come in here
has given satisfaction in price and
quality. Yours,

C. G. White.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Wise Man's
Wagon.

: man who has had experience)
unning a wagon knows that it
ie wheels that determine the)
life of the wagon itself. Our

ELECTRICS.

nave given a new lease of lifo to thousands of old
wagons. They can be Iin.j in any desired height. and
any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set or these
wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high
or a low dawn wagon. The Electric Ilandy
Waeon is made by skilled workmen, of best select-
ed material— white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 40001bs. Here li
the wairon that will sare money for you, as It
lasts almost forever. Ourca talog describing the use*
of these wheels and wagonBsent free Write for it.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

id aeod 4 Uuggy « h.-.-U, Sieel Tire on, . $7.25
] With Rubber Tire*, $1&.UO. I mfg. wheels & to 4 in.
. Top Baggies, $28.15 , Harness, $3.60. Write for
)gu«. Learn bow to buy vehloW aDd parts direct,
od Umbrella KKEK.W. \ . BOOB, Cincinnati, O-

SAW YOUR WOOD

STEEL ROOFING

lOO SQUARE FEET $2.00

Painted two *ldea: nails Included.

Strictly new. pei leet. Semi-Hardened Steel
Bheete, 6 feet loner- The best Roofing,
siding or Celling you can use. No ei-
iir-rience necessary to lay it. An ordinary
hammer or hatchet the only tools yoo
need. Either flat, corrugated or "V"
Catalogue

166

>IIK1 h

lipiMl

:> I h A 1

WARRINER5

CHAIN HANGING

f a STANCHION.

U CLEAN SAFE,

-"fffiS^ COMFORTABLE.
Mfd by W.B CRUMB TaresfvillelONN.

WAHTETJ.

To send to every town sample of the
- new " Kant-Kfog " Sprayer. First
applicant gets wholesale prices and
agency. Big money made with sprayers
during winter. Full particulars free.
Address, Rochester Spray Pump Co.,
21 East Ave., Rochester, N.T.

114

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

^^^^^b»^

■WIRE • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy bard steel stav«, coll
ed spring wire, ?ure Grip Lock. In strength
appearance ard durability, the Hard Steel can
not be e> celled. Write for cataio tut- 8m pit r
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO.. Cmahoga Falls. 0

Don't Be Talked

into borlr.c * w«V fll ,

•tr«ncth and durability than Ton pet yoar isonty'a

worth. L«t mi mail yen fr«« ■ nu.pie

Tk^Trmu A OMt r«*e* («., 6 0 t'»ya*«»a BidC. ,(.!.. .U.d.U.

2,000 Co Us — •*

of No. 8 Galvanized Fenc-
ing Wire FOR SALE.

Price, JI.40 cash per 100 lba. Average weight
•( colli. 11? lba.

RICHMOND MERCHANDISE AND TRAD-
ING CO., Richmond. Va.

DON'T YOU WANT

to try a better fence this year than that you
bought last year? You'll And It In the PAGE.
PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO : Adrian. Mich.

o

WIRE $1.40

PES

1O0
LBS.

SMOOTH CALVAXIZED WIRE

put up ia01bK.toabale.gau?i'>ifrotu
XI to 14 InclusiTe. Lengths ruuning up

to r<o ft. Fir too lbs. ai to. 1 ,.,.,-

Staple., all si7.€-s.rXTloa|bs. «2O0.

M Ire Natl., aax.ru-d in a keg, per

100 lbs. II 70 Hat-bed Wire, r*T

Peolirr Netllai. Fit-Id Fence, etc., at

free catalogue >o. t< , on

lepraaalei

raa but, t blttr ...

A.k r.i

•or all kinds fron
Isa Vinatal.tt, <

t,i» J

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire
FENCES HMD QBTES

If your dealer does not have our
goods In stock you can buy direct
at Manufacturers' Price. " Write
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio,

uL^WL^kil.AWN FENCE

;.i \ ;::v'/i ly^.y,
i.i .:•. ••••>•>! I i:vv«

Many designs. Cheap a*

wood. S3 r.i,-e Catalogue
free. Sp«*UI PHrr* to C«a-*-
ttrltvandCkarrbr*. Addrea*
COILED Sf'fUXf. POd V".
BOX CJ Wlochr.Ier, lui.

SENT ON TRIAL

A Fence Machine that vi:

AT ACTUAL COST Cr WIRE

iaa thlel,ea-U*»t

nrinaatwholeeali

Kitselman Broa. n»ii«.i Muncie, Ind

m »iiwh i

tight. Bold to the Farmer at Hi. I.a*b
I'riraa, rally Warra.ua. t alajug FriM
COILIDRPRIM. FaUTtlO.,
lL Wlacaaatar, la&laaa, t. S, a

THE BEEF BREEDS.
The present position and future of
the three great beef breeds, as evi-
denced by the International show.

(We take the following comment
on the breeds from representative
breeders writing for the Breeders'
Gazette. — Ed.)

HEREFORDS.
The position of the Herefords as one
of the greatest if not the premier beef
breed of America appears to be more
firmly entrenched than ever. Recent
events, most notably the International,
have emphasized the great merit and
the wonderful popularity of this breed.
Despite many unfavorable influences,
such as internal strife in the associa-
tion and the general decline in values
of beef cattle, as well as pure-bred
stock, and although many of the most
successful and well-known showmen of
the breed were, unfortunately, not rep-
resented, the exhibit of Herefords at
the International was of such merit as
to make the heart of every Hereford
breeder rejoice. The hardy and rug-
ged white-faced grazers — hustlers and
rustlers everywhere — fought their way
to the front places in nearly every
inter-breed contest in the great show.
The exigencies of the present low-price
period demand just such easy keeping
and early maturing cattle as were
placed at the head of those wonderful
j classes, and as the basis of these de-
cisions, as stated by the Scottish judge,
was their fitness for the block, the
farmer and the feeder, who of neces-
sity has the block as the goal for his
cattle, has in these winners the ideal
type for their breeding and feeding cat-
tle— the Hereford type, compact, close
to the ground, with ample bone; good
side and top lines, full heart girth,
a symmetrical frame well covered and
filled with valuable cuts, a type with
little waste for the butcher, and with
a grand, intelligent head for the
breeder; a head full of character, re-
finement and promise of future useful-
ness in the herd. The "white-face" vic-
tory was made more emphatic when
the car-load of yearling Herefords was
made the grand champion load of the
shew, being a victory for early ma-
turity and a substantiation of . all
claims that ».ave been made as to the
early maturing qualities of this breed.
"Truly a great Hereford show," would
be an apt appellation for the recent In-
ternational, and that can be said with-
out a desire to cast a shadow over the
magnificent showing of the other beef
breeds. » • •

Grass has certainly been produced
for the farmer as his most profitable
crop, and the Hereford has no doubt
been created as the best converter of
that crop Into prime beef. Compare
the broad, capacious muzzle and the
powerful jaw of the Hereford with the
long, slender head and small nose of
the other breeds; the short, wide head
and short neck, short legs and strong
bone. This beast truly was Intended

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEXH FULLY
TESTES AND FOUNT)
EtJPEEIOE TO ALL
OTHERS.
Will fit uneven
ground without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
hujh grade galvanized steel wire. AU horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has hne mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest
poultry farms r:r~ usinirthis fcr.ee — over 700 rods
By Lakewood (N. 1.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satUfv every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicago, or S.in Francisco. Write for
f ree|catalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn. '

and best way to build It. Of

any kin«! of wire. (Off any requirpment,

with cheap labor, no machine and we'll tell

you hr.w totix yourold fences too. Write

B. B. FENCE CO., H2 W. Srd St., P»ru, Ind.

How to Sow Seed^"

Cahoon

Broadcast

Suou.r

-i -i. AIIFr.e.

.FEED MILLS.

Every Man His Own Miller.

The In test improved. Does all kinds
of work. Most durable; has ground
ovir IS, 000 bushels without repair or
expense. The fastest grinder; has
ground 300 bushels in A hours.
Lightest draft and lowest price The.
World's Best! Send for prices to the
manufacturers.

N. M. FIELD MFG. CO., St Louis, Mo.

WEI

MACHINES

The moat pucceaaful monay-maklns nut-
tataei ever maia. Alio machine* far barlaf
walla wit* Mien by horse power. Writ*
*• If you mean bualaaas.

Loomis Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio.

ARTESIAN WELLS

DRILLED ANYWHkRE. W

I use the most modern machinery, ex-
BCUte orders promptly and guarantee
satisfaction, Corresp ndence sol cited.
JN0. W. RANDALL White Plains, N. Y,

NO HUm3UGaS*t'atcr.'(

• --.. I»:M '•-. ' 1-.-J H<(atd Calf Odd. ,

CECPCE POOS, M!r., FAIRFIELD, IOWA

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

115

ifOCKUCK IT
TOCKLIKE IT

BLACKMAN'S
MEDICATED

SALT BRICK

The only guaranteed Tonic. Blood Puri-
fier. Kidney and Liver Regulator and
alder of Digestion for all stock. A
sure hit on worms. Ticks cannot live.
No dosing, no drenching, and no waste
of feed. Your horse his own doctor.
Endorsed by thousands

full descriptive circulars, testimonials,
| etc.' address

BU&aaa Stack Remedy Co.

S9> Highland Park, Chattanooga, Tens.

Lump

I Save the animal— save yonrf
| herd— cure every case of '

Lump Jaw. The disease Is

fatal In time, and It spreads. Only one way!

to cure it— U6e

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

No trouble— rub it on. No risk— your moDey
back if it ever falls. Used for 6even years
by nearly all theble stockmen. Tree 'book
} tells you more.

Once hard to cure— easv now. A 45-min-
ute treatment ri.iee it. 'r-o otber niuthod |
so easy— no other method e

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste I

cures even tbe worBt cases— none ton old
or bad. Money back if it ever falla. Free
i Illustrated book about Lump Jaw,
Spavin, Rincrhone. Splint, l<"^r Spavin
and other stock ailments. Write for it. |
FLEMINC BROS., Chemists,
880 Union Stock Yards, Chlcaeo, HI.

A mcidne which rrukes
tick anirruL i/iL the diseased
whole, the weak serceig and the
thin fit. It will restore lest Appetite,
expel Worms and cure Chronic Cough,
Heaves, lnikientx. Distemper, Hide-
bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flit-
kulencr and all Stomach and Bowel

TO HEAVES rawTOK'S Hun, r.o,h, CI,.

to go over the pastures much as doss
the great modern wheat header,
thrasher, and sacker combined, har
vesting the crop quicker and better
than the old-time sickle, and all ready
for market at one operation and one
expense. The "white-face" is the up-
to-date steer. He is only fast enough
for the times. What a mouthful he
crops at one bite! Taking less exer-
cise and covering less territory, he
quickly fills the first stomach; lies
down and goes to making beef. In a
mixed bunch of cattle, you will notice
the Herefords all down first and masti-
cating their quickly-harvested break-
fast of grass, while the Short-horns
and cattle of other breeds, with slender
nose, long neck, leg, and large paunch,
will not be down till the Herefords are
almost ready to start again. Is there
any better reason why the "Herefords
should make more beef from grass
than any breed of which we have
knowledge"? Where man has a need,
Nature invariably supplies the same,
and that close at hand. Man has,
through all the Eastern and most of
the Middle States, by continuous rob-
bing of the land produced a great sick-
ness of the soil. Nature and the care-
ful breeding operations of the found-
ers and fosterers of the Hereford breed
have provided a remedy. Talking with
a Virginia farmer at the International,
the writer was much impressed by his
remark that the greatest need of his
State and surrounding States was blue
grass, clover and Hereford cattle. The
combined use of these three great pro-
ducers of wealth will in a decade re-
store to former conditions of fertility
the soil, will double or triple the value
of these farms, and develop a condition
of thrift unsurpassed by that even ex-
isting in the vales and hills of Western
England. A remark made recently by
one of our local butchers impressed me
with the fact that ultimately the breed-
ing and feeding cattle of all the Mid-
dle States must one day wear that
stamp of excellence, the white face.
He said: "While I cut many good
carcasses from grade Short-horn, An-
gus, and cattle of mixed breeding, I
rarely find a white-faced steer or heifer
that does not cut out more profitable
meat for me tnan the average, and I
can even afford to pay a little more
money for them and still make more
profit. Besides that, their rich-ribbed
carcasses attract more attention hang-
ing in my shop, and increase my sales
of good meat. What I like is the ave-
rage of the Hereford carcasses; they
are nearly always good." Another
butcher very recently pointed to a car-
cass hanging in his shop, stating that
there was a heifer that had been with-
out a bite of grain for a year, and wa3
the fattest beef he had butchered in a
year.

These plucky cattle, the breed that
has revolutionized the beef industry of
the country; the breed that has covered
the range and the desert of the Far

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBATJXT'S

Caustic

Balsam

1 Sift Spuij ill r«sitir« Cars
The Barest, Best BLISTER ever used. Take*

the place or all liniments fur mild or severe action.
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from iforsee
"d Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY
OR FIRING- lmrotatMe to produce scar or blemitli.
Kvery bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction
Prise SI. SO per bottle. Sold by druegists, or
lent by express, charges vmiel, witb full directions
(or It* nse. Send for descriptive circulars.
rHB LATTBENCK-WtlAIAMS r 0.. Cleveland 0.

NO MORE BUND HORSES— For Speclle
Ophthalmia, Moon Blindness and other Bern
Eyes. BARRY CO., Iowa City, la., have a
on re.

PREPARED ROOFING FELTS.

We can save you money on your wants ID
this line. We offer you Two-Ply Tarred
Roofing Felt, 108 square feet to the roll,
compute with caps, nails and cement,
per roll, $1.1f. Three-ply complete, per
roll, 9l,8o. Vulcanite, the highest
grade on the market, complete ac above.
Price per roll. #1 .50. We have all kinds
ol Roofing. Write for Free Catalogue No.
lW on material bought from SheriftV and

^;ROOFING TIN ■•■.*»■

Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder's hard-
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon
goods, paints and oils, cook and beating stoves,
guns, pistols, rifles, "Robin Hood" loaded shells.
Do you use any of the above? Write us.

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., S^:

You Will Know

•offer and put it or
■n premises, where-
iperiority of the

AMERICAN

Cream Separator.

pan afford to let anv man trv. That
sellsit. You'll nut And fault with
the price. You should rend the

ilnbrldej., w. Y.

T YOUR IDEAS

1,000 offered for one in-

ntion; $8,300 for another.

ok- " How to Obtain a Patent™

kand "What tolnvent"sent free. Send

F routrh sketch for free report as to

patentability. We advertise yonr

patent for sale at our expense.

CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney*

976 F Street, Washington, D. C

iATEST 1,11m sst (Hewton's Patent.)

DEHORNER oSwrner
, Guaranteed

THOUSANDS IN USE.

Ask your hardware dealer to.
IL 11. BKOWN MFG. CO., • «

Use SIJKIaVd0'8 Iron Measures

NEAT, DURABLE, WARRANTED CORRECT

For Bale by Hardware Dealers,
STITES A CO., M'nTrs. ClaVCLYNATi, O-

116

THE SOUTHERN PLAXTER.

[February

'0 $eed$tf

Your ground costs so much,
and your labor costs so much.
Get the most out of them bv
using the right seeds — not
merely seeds that grow, but
seeds that produce tine, early
vegetables, commanding high-
est prices. Send for our

Garden and Farm
Manual — Free

Shows by actual photographs what
our seeds have produced ard what
you cr.n grow yourself. No ex-
aggeration Plain facrs and sen
sible money -making advice.

JOHNSON & STOKES Department A4

Bjr Special Appom'ment
St.j:,r.,j> i: :ri If

55> 317-219 Market St. Philadelphia:

DIGGS & BEADLES

RELIABLE SEEDS

We sell strictly reliable Garden, Flower
and Farm Seeds of the highest quality
and germination: With us Quality i*
the first consideration always. It our
aim now and always to sell the very
best Seeds that can be had at as reason-
able prices ag the best can be sold for.

We carry also a full line of FERTI-
LIZERS for Corn, Tobacco, Wheat and
all Vegetable Crops. Ask us for prices
before placing your order. Our Catalog
ia mailed FREE on request, write for it.

DIGGS &. BEADLES,

1709 E. Franklin St, - Richmond. Va.

■FO R SALE'

Selected Pride of York Seed Cora.

It grows well, matures early, weighs
well, makes lots of good fodder.
J. TABB JANNET, Van Clevesville, W. Va.

Genuine APPLER OATS.

They mature quicker than any
other variety, j* Jt For Sale by

C. A. DOOLI TTLE & SON, = Augusta, Qa.

West with green vistas, adorned by
mighty, rich, red herds of wmte-faced
cattle, that are marching victoriously
into Mexico on the south, and ruggedly
resisting the rigors of Canadian cli-
mate, are destined to perform prodi-
gies of as great wonder through Mid-
dle, Eastern and Southern States at no
distant day. The breed itself is pluck
personified, and in present depressing
days, breeders, too, must emulate their
noble breed of cattle.
"Pluck wins; it always wins,

Though days be slow,

Anu nights be dark, 'twixt days that
come and go.

Still, pluck will win. Its average is
sure.

He gains the prize who can the most
endure —

Who faces issues; he who never
shirks;

Who waits and watches, and who
always works."
A word or two more, and that in re-
lation to the accomplishment of this
glorious future for the Hereford breed
of cattle in America. Two great means
are at hand — the Hereford bullock at
our great fairs and shows and at the
little district and county fairs, and
the Hereford bull in the agricultural
college herds of this country. The pa-
triotic individual breeder must make
a demonstration of the early maturing
qualities of his white-faced steers at
every local fair. It is easy to prove
there that the Hereford steer can be
ready for market at any time from
calfhood to ripe three-year-old form,
and top the market always. The asso-
ciation directors must concern them-
selves in increasing the prizes for
grade and pure-bred steers, and giving
six instead of three prizes in each
class, and must find the means of in-
troducing into the herds of all our
agricultural colleges the best Hereford
bulls obtainable. The "Rah. Rahl" of
the enthusiastic students, full of pnae
for their winning favorites, and the
produce of the great sires in their col-
lege herds, is resounding through all
the show pavilions of modern times.
An irresistible influence is being
wielded by these colleges which is
bound to be spread abroad and estab-
lished wherever these intelligent young
farmers make their homes. When tne
history of modern agriculture and of
the live stock industry is written,
Hereford cattle must be closely asso-
ciated with the grand progressive and
upbuilding influences exerted by the
agricultural colleges of America.
Macon Co.. Mo. S. L. Brock.

THE ABERDEEN-ANGUS.
Looking back over what the Aber-
deen-Angus have accomplished since
their first importation to America in
numbers of any importance just
twenty years ago, we may be justified
in the prediction that in the next
twenty years America will be "black,
and all black," and that the other
breeds will have surrendered to the

^*GARDrN CIIDJH ICC *T

GARDEN SUPPLIES

North
South

East
West

Best Results in all Sections

You'll find it convenient to boy all snpplies
from one reliable house. It keeps us busy
the entire year and we can make you better
prices. We Issue a Great Catalogue No. 10.
Write tor it at once. It's free for the asking.

GRIFFITH & TURNER CO.
205N.PacaSt. Baltimore, Md.

R

ATEKINS'
SEEDS

ALWAYS RELIABLE AND BEST

Because they are fresh and NEW. Strictly Iowa
grown and Sure to Grow. Our big Twentieth
Annual Illustrated Catalog tells you all about
every Farm and Garden Seed and crop tbat
grows, It's Free if you mention this paper. No
Fakes; Free Seeds; Trash and other Schemes;
but good reliable ~eeis cheaper than others seU
at wholesale. If in want of Seeds send for oar
Catalog to-day. RATEKINS' SEED HOUSE.

Shenandoah. Iowa.

PEAS

FOR SALE.

3.000 bushels CLAY. BLACK, RED
RIPPER. WHIP-POOR-WILL and
MIXED. $1.15 per bushel sacked, f. o.
b. Hickory; also few hundred bushels
SOJA BEANS, same price.

We offer 1 young black Spanish Jack,
30 months old. 54 inches high, nice,
smooth limbs and feet. Price. $150.
Also a few choice BERKSHIRE PIGS
from registered stock. Address

HICKORY MILLING CO..
Hickory. N. C.

ALFALFA

If you expect to sow Alfalfa, why not start
right, by inoculating your soil with the Bacieria
of Alfalfa, the presence of which, we are told by
the scientists is necessary for the proper vitality
of this, the most valuable forage plant.

2 bushel bags, Jl .00 F O. B. I- well's. Tenn.
from a plot showing nodules in great abundance.
Address QfcO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Mill, Tenn.

Q1<in FOR LARGEST

WATERMELONS

bcstc bcabnUa
Thepuivfcaser

-

«

ISCmTOR 0RPH
New Idea Brooders

::.i-' .-. I ■phMIUUMIIill - , i-

to BlaaatiMiidanMTlnifll. 4Jj

Tim Cmtaiofva tell, kll abcatttMM * K«* Ma»faat*n

oii»o.\, sson * coipisv, box iisqnxcv, ilusuu*

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

117

ed, fresh dug, buy

GENESEE

VALLEY

TREES.

ubarb and

is Trees. Every :

and many tesl

eet Nursery Co.,
t.Dansvllle, N.Y. F

TREES! TREES!!

I ofler a fine lot of whole root trees.

Apples, Pears, Peaches,
Cherries, Plums, Grape
Vines, Raspberries, Etc.

Save agent's commission by send-
ing your orders to the nursery.

CATALOGUE FREE.
All Stock Inspected and Fumigated.

WERTZ'S NURSERY, Salem. Va.

>S£

Premo
Dewberry

The earliest .ind most productive
isiaokuci-ry variety. Very lartre, jet
black, lirmaiiil soli, l. Crop ripens ran.
laly. Tliis 13 t!ie berry to plant for

prt>at,WrlLeatonce t'orimo^ ami pani :ul m ,.
SlftriSon, 1! riilce villi- Nurseries,
Brldgcvllle, Uel.

w

New Strawberries.

MARK HANNA, Tlie most wonderful berry
In cultivation- 1,000 bushels per acre.

THOMPSON'S No. 2, largest firm fancy ber-
ry, and

THOMPSON'S No: 3, a seedling of Ladv,
handsomer and firmer than parent. Noonewlll
grow Lady who eau get No 3.

150 Varieties, including Thompson's Earliest

Ripe here April 19th the last season. If you
want the earliest plant them, Thompson's No.
3, a seedling of Lady. But superior iD every
way, beautiful color, immensely productive,
firmer, best shipper ever put on the market.
Thompson's new berries are acknowledged
to lead all others.

Cabbage Plants. Tomato, 5,000 Hardv
Monthly Rose, California Privet Dahlias,
Chrysanthemums. Send for my spring cata-
logue. MARK T. THOMPSON Rio Vista,
Va.

SURE GUARANTEED CURE FOR GRAN
ulated Eyes. My remedy will make weak
eyes strong. Write for particulars. Address
L. A. MILLS, Emporia, Kansas.

outstanding quality of the "doddie."
Then there were a few importers pro-
claiming facts that sounded like fiction
regarding the premium paid for Angus
beef in the markets of the Old World.
Now there are three thousand good
American cattle-men interested in the
welfare of this great breed, and nearly
one thousand breeders recording cattle,
while the "fairy tales" of the early im-
porters have been demonstrated to be
true by fifteen years of consecutive
market-topping in the greatest fat cat-
tle markets of our country. Then
Black Prince, imported especially for
the occasion, won down on the Lake
Front at the old American Fat Stock
Show in Chicago, with only a few of
the faithful to do him honor. Now
the Angus grand champions at the In-
ternational Exposition are the popular
ones, and are crowned amid the
greatest clatter and enthusiasm, and
where an Angus contestant for grand
champion honors fails to receive the
purple ribbon, applause is withheld
and the judge himself feels that he has
made a mistake, and begins at once
defending his position on the award.
Then, Angus breeders would have been
exceedingly proud of a grand cham-
pionship. Now they expect it, and, like
spoiled children accustomed to being
denied nothing, are absolutely broken-
hearted if they fail to get it.

Especially is this true in car-loads
where fourteen years prior to this year
they have furnished the highest-priced
car-load each year sold on the Ameri-
can markets. This year they were so
unfortunate as to have . their crack
car-load protested on account of age.
The contest was for the best car-load,
any age or breed, and this load was
given the award by the judge, yet, as it
was not properly entered in its class, it
was thrown out of the show altogether,
and the reserve Hereford load was
given the grand championsnip. The
Angus were thus deprived of furnish-
ing the highest-priced car-load of 1903.
as the price went simply as the Inter-
national Exposition ribbon went. In-
cluding this reserve champion load,
which was awarded the grand cham-
pion prize, there were sold at public
auction during the International Ex-
position of 1903, according to The
Gazette, twenty-four car-loads of grade
Herefords at an average of $5.96 per
cwt. ; twenty-four car-loads of grade
Short-horns at an average of $5.63 per
cwt., and twenty-four car-loads of
grade Aberdeen-Angus at an average
of 6.33 per cwt., being 37 cents per
cwt. more than the Herefords and 70
cents per cwt. more than the Short-
horns, in actual competition at auction
among stock-yards buyers. So that the
term "market topper,'' as applied years
ago by your journal to the Aberdeen-
Angus breed is as applicable as ever,
and they still mean one and the same
thing. These prices prove that it is
cot impossible to find one load of some
other breed that will equal in quality

Strawberries raspberries, black
owavtueiries, bkrries, grapes. cur-
rants, GOOSEBERRIES, NOVELTIES,
etc. Buy your plants from us and we will
catch your ground moles. Best mole trap on
earth FREE with every order. Our 60 page
mill catalogue FREE. IIUNTSVILLE NUR-
SERIES. Huutsville, Ohio.

DLlim PLANTS growingbas
been my Specialty tor more than 25
years. 40 of the best new and stan-
dard varieties; vigorous, well root-
ed and true to name. THE NEW
STRAWBERRY I introduced last season has
proved a winner again the past season. It will
pay you to plant my plants, they grow and pro-
duce large crops oi big berries. Catalogue Free.
Write to-day. JOHN W. HALL. Marion Sta.. Md.

The Fruit Grower,

published at St. Joseph, Mo.,
will be sent 1 year i t you send
25c and names of 10 farmers
who grow fruit. "The Fruit-
Grower is the best f ru it paper
we have. East or West.'*— Prof.
Price, Dean Ohio Agl. College.
Regular pile* 60a ft /ear.

3 12S. 7th St.. St. Jo»pph, Mo.

Strawberry Plants,

Ail grown in fresh rich ground, healthy,
well-rooted plants that will please you;
over 30 kinds to offer Raspberry plants
and Peach trees also; see us before you
buy. Our stock has been thoroughly in-
spected and found free from aoy disease.
Address JOHN LIGHTFOOT,

Sherman Heights Tenn.

PEDIGREED SEED CORN.

Three varieties pure white corn.
Huffman, large, late, for fertile soils
only. Improved Watson, medium, for
medium soils. Hickory King, espe-
cially adapted for cultivation on thin
uplands. Price, $1.20 per bush., f. o. b.
Normandy. PROGRESS FARM,

Box 52. Normandy, Tenn.

We offer all kinds of :

..Nursery stock.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS at re-
duced prices; 1 doz. rooted GRAPH
VINES of CONCORD, NIAGARA,
WARDEN, etc., at $1; all healthy stock
and fumigated before shipped; grown
on ideal land for fine roots and smooth
bodies.

Send for Special Price to Planters.

EMPORIA NURSERIES

EflPORIA, VA.

No. 1 Agents wanted. We refer to
any business house here as to our hon-
esty.

118

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

FRIENDS

Kill

W FARMERS

i-rt

Our money winning books,
mtten by men who know, tell
you all about

Potash

They are needed by every roan
who owns a field and a plow, and
who desires to get the most out
of them.

They are/V«. Send postal card.
(IEEMA5 KALI WORKS
New York— »S Swui Street,

Atlanta, C«.-aS'-: So. Broad St.

and other Insects

can be con-
trolled by using

SAN JOSE SCALE

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH
■WHALE OIL. SOAP. No. 3.

It alio prevent! Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en-
tomologist!. '1 his soap Is a fertilizer as well ai
Insecticide 60 lb. kegs. S2.n0: 100 lb. kegs n .SO.
Half barrels. 270 lbs , at 3V4c. per lb.: barrels,
426 lbs., at 3'4c. Large quantities, special rates.
Send for circular.

JAMES GOOD.
•39—41 N'. Front St., Philadelphia, p*.

FRAZER

Ax'e Grease ^ewV°d

Its wearing qualities are unsarpaned, ac-

taallT out'aitlng 3 bxs. any other brand,

Not affected dt beat. *S"Get the Genuine.

FOR SALE BY ALL DIALER*

E- WANTLD -:

Shippers of POULTRY of all Kinds,
Dressed HOGS, GAME, etc., to write to

E W. EVANS & CO.,
1313 E. Cary St., RICHMOND, VA.
For prices before shipping elsewhere.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIV- Wl D BIROS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels. Ducks, Swans, Bob White Quail,
Grey Squirrels, Bear. Etc.

CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twelfth SI. N. W.. Wsthingtor. D. C.

Mention the Southebn Planter In
wrlttag.

that of the Angus, hut when It comes
to a number of car-loads, the universal
quality of the Angus is simply out-
standing. Mistakes may be made.
Judges may differ and technicalities
may arise to deprive the Angus of
some small honor, but his inherent
quality of flesh and his ability to fat-
ten at an early age will cause him to
continue to top our markets for the
Dext fifteen years, as he has the past
fifteen, and then go on throughout ages
of market-topping as he has done in
the markets of the Old World. A quo-
tation that Col. Harris once made use
of in reference to his favorite breed
seems very appropriate here: "Men
may come and men may go" — but the
Aberdeen-Angus goes on with his
market-topping forever. — W. C. Mc-
Gavock.

THE SHORT-HORNS.
So far as the Short-horn breed is con-
cerned, it never was, it seems to me, in
a better condition in itself than it is to-
day. When one looks back twenty-one
or two years ago to the condition of
the breed at that time, the change for
the better is something wonderful. At
that time we were torn with quar-
rels and dissentions, criticising each
other's cattle, breeding in divergent di-
rections, having different ideals as to
what should be aimed at, and the
whole strength of the great interest
was being destroyed and dissipated. At
the same time, rival breeds were being
brought in upon the temporary wave
of prosperity, stimulated by novelty,
and breeders in every direction were
abandoning the Short-horns and taking
Herefords and Angus. The extrava-
gant claims of these newer breeds in
this country have been tested by time,
and the world again decided, as it has
done before, that they are local and
limited in their usefulness, that the
Short-horn is the one universal breed,
and that the world over the Short-horn
cow is the farmer's cow — the universal
remedy for the scrub. — W. A. Harris.

THE PROPER AMOUNT OP SLEEP.
A proper amount of sleep is, of
course, absolutely essential to con-
tinued good health; but if dietetic
habits are correct, it is a matter which
will regulate itself. If a rule is need-
ed, one will follow naturally from the
fact that almost every one feels
languid on waking, and is disposed to
take another nap, no matter how long
he has been sleeping. This is a morbid
sensation, which it would take too long
to explain here. It is enough to say
that lack of sleep should be made up,
If possible, at the beginning and not
at the end. The best general rule is
to- rise at a given hour every morninsr.
whether tired or not, and go to bed
when sleepy. — February Century.

Gerald — Can you give me no hop*?
Geraldlne — None whatever; I'm go-
ing to marry you.

For the sake of
your face, use
only Williams'
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for z-cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet " How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co. , Glastonbury, Ct,

WANTED— A gardener to take charga •(
flower and vegetable garden on a gentleman's
place, near Warrenton, Va. An unmarried
man preferred. Applications must give refer-
ences, and state experience aad wages ex-
pected. Address A, care Southern Plaster.

WANTED

A PRACTICAL MAN, who understands the
spraying and care of orchards, to take two
thousand (2,000) apple trees twenty (20) years
old on shares. Apply to H. E. HARNISH.
Swansboro, Va.

, - —rrSini

tVi "liiTl

Steam, Gas or Water Pipe, in
sizes from one half to twelve inches diameter.
It is complete with threads and couplings.
linch. per foot, S I4cl.. 1'^ ineh. per foot, 4 1-4 cU.
We handle Ml binds of well easing. Write us your
wants in the pipe line. We have all kinds ot supplies of
this character. Write for Free Catalogue No. 166.

Chicago nor si: wrecking co_

■Teal S5th and Iron Street. Chicago.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

Fof the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .rH
>ther Drug Addictions. The Toobacct Habit, Nerve Exhaustion

««a allowed.' fmdi BuitrBu, 579 Broadway, H. ft.

hrausers' liquid
Extract of Smoke

f.--.v V.n

siu.kt !<■':-■■ !u,-d. 1. .send ti

:."l-t NO

YOU CAN MAKE $3 TO SIO A DAY

Fitting glasses for us. Big profits.
Our24.paFc- FREE ETE BOOK
tells how. Write for It today.

JAI K.-ONIAN OPTICAL COLLEGE, Dept. 2098,

Jackson, Mich.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

119

FARMS FOR SALE!

No. 16.
130 acres — 20 acres hardwood, bal-
ance in good state of improvement, and
a splendid quality of red clay subsoil;
50 acres in wheat and timothy; 20
acres in meadow, balance is new land,
and will be for corn next spring. Situ-
ated in excellent neighborhood of re-
fined people. Twenty-two miles from
Washington, 5 miles from Herndon
Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort-
able 4-room house and all building
Farm watered by large branches.
Price, $20.00 per acre. Terms, to suit
purchaser.

No. 17.
80 acres — 15 acres in hardwood, bal-
ance in grass, except 20 acres for corn.
Fronts on pike; 5 miles from railroad
station. Watered by large branch.
All in good state of cultivation. No
buildings. Price $18.00 per acre. Easy
terms.

No. 19.
215 acres in. upper Fairfax county,
20 miles from Washington; 6 miles
from railroad; fronts on pike; near
village with stores, post-office, churches
and shops. Splendid brown chocolate
clay soil. Seven fields, watered by
branches and springs. A good 6-room
frame house and all necessary farm
buildings; 60 acres sown in wheat and
grass; 25 in rye and grass; 30 in
meadow, balance in pasture and for
corn — all in good condition. Price,
$25.00 per acre; one-third cash, balance
on 6 years' time, if desired.

No. 5.
Contains 163 acres; one-half under
cultivation; balance in second-growth
timber. Good seven-room dwelling and
necessary outbuildings; good orchard
In fine fruit section. Farm lies near
Southern railroad, twenty miles from
Washington; well watered; a splendi
dairy farm. Price, $2,000.

Farm No. 2.
Contains 265 acres; 215 under culti-
vation; 60 acres original oak and
hickory. Fronts on the pike running
from Winchester to Alexandria; five
miles from Railroad; one-half mile
from proposed electric railroad. Ex-
cellent six-room dwelling house, with
broad halls, standing in a large, nicely-
shaded blue-grass lawn; all necessary
outbuildings; land chocolate clay, with
stiff clay subsoil; all level, but rolling
enough to drain well; fine for wheat
and grass; well watered. Owner con-
templates making improvements. But
If sold before, price $25 per acre, on
easy terms.

I have a number of other good farms
for sale, both large and small. WritP
for description and state just what you
want, and will be glad to serve you.

W. E. MILLER, Herndon, Va.

PLANET, JR., No. 4, ILLUSTRATED.
Wo are giving place here to an illus-
tration of the Planet, Jr., No. 4, Com-
bined Drill, perhaps the most popular
of all the famous Planet, Jr., line of
garden tools. We call it Drill for
brevity, but it is much more compre-
hensive. The gardener finds in it
almost every tool for hand work he
needs. As a seeder, it drills and also
plants in hills with greatest accuracy,
and it may be set so that they shall be
4, 6, 8, 12 or 24 inches apart, as de-
sired. It is but the work of a moment

to remove seeder attachments and sub-
stitute the pair of hoes, the three hol-
low steel teeth or the plow, and you
have an ideal wheel hoe, cultivator or
plow, as the case may be. Its handles
adjust to suit either man or boy. Sim-
ply raising the handles cuts off the flow
of seeds instantly. As a hoe or culti-
vator, it may be used either in the fur-
row, or by means of an extension
piece; when plants are small you may
hoe or cultivate both sides of the row
at once. With all its width of duty, it
most simple, and it is most durably
built. An idea of its real genius can-
not be conveyed in so email a space as
this. It is advertised elsewhere. S. L.
Allen & Co., of Philadelphia, the manu-
facturers, will gladly send catalogue
fully describing. It is a good invest-
ment to send a postal card for it.

THE FARMER'S TRICKS OF TRADE
The up-to-date agriculturist has dis-
covered that one of the tricks of the
trade lies not in rooting the weeds out
after they have started, but in not
letting them start at all. There is one
way to prevent their starting, and only
one. That is by the thorough and fre-
quent cultivation that is only possible
with a thoroughly good welder.

For the points that go to make a
thoroughly good weeder, The York Im-
proved Weeder is hard to excel. It
combines the two essentia] virtues in
weeders — strength of frame and flexi-
bility of tooth. The teeth are made
of square spring steel, with round
points. Being narrow, and yet of
great flexible strength, they cultivate
without injuring the plants.

The manufacturers, The Spansjler
Mfs;. Co., York, Pa., will send further
information on request, as well as
catalogue of agricultural implements
and special machinery. Write for it.

Mention the Southibn Planteb In
writing.

•^.•_:VIRGINIA' FARMS' •■*■•

r<lce little poultry farm. 10ti acres, good house
and orchard, <600 On. Blue Grass, Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER A GATES,
Louisa, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

$3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.

BAST PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FRH.

. GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vi.

Establish!*! 1S7S.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

All price* and site*. Free list on application.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; Health for all; Happiness and
Independence for ALL. All sizes of Farms at
corresponding prices, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

Best climate and water in the U. S. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages.
For further information, address

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres. Charlottesville, Va.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

if located In one of tbeee Virginia counties:
Prince George, Chesterfield. King William,
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINBK, 1116 Pine Alley.
Braddock, Pa.

QUARTZ and MICA grinding mill for
sale on railroad; list of 500 custom-
ers. Close to millions of tons of
quartz, feldspar and mica section.
G. G. TEMPLE, Danville, Va.

IF YOU WISH TO SELL

OH. BU V

VIRGINIA LANDS

Communicate with us. Write for free
"Virginia Real Estate Journal," con-
taining many splendid bargains.
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc ,

o. I N Kith St . Richmond. Va

>*To Homeseekers,,

"THE BUSINESS I ARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
will gladly mail you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt.,
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

120

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[February

Help Yourself

by Helping

Others.

_ _ it what has made all

Co-Operation lar(,e ftnd successful

enterprises, and is what may be relied
upon to make farming pay greater
profits with less work.

The New National Organization for
the Benefit and Promotion of

FARM INDUSTRY,

which has just been completed is now
preparing to put into practice what
lias long been sought after by the
farmers of this country, big and little,
with a view to bettering their condi-
tions and increasing their incomes. A
32-page Booklet, handsomely illus-
trated, will give full particulars of this
new and worthy enterprise, which has
been endorsed by the best, most intelli-
gent and influential men in this coun-
try. It will interest you and will be
sent FREE to any address for the ask-
ing. Write to-day. You will be under
no obligations, utttta Gornqma'A Dept. No. 26.
Epitomist Experiment Station, Spencer, Indiana.

I1RMPQ AND THE PLACE TO
nUmtO FIND THEM.

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for tt e money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James Kiver
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company ofler superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vlnlta, Va.

C &OMain St. Depot, Richmond, Va.

3>to KTiEariEiEensr

Tr I -£e a- iisr i .a.

Grain, Fruit, Dair> and Blue

Grass Faimi. of Every Class within

one hour of Washington, D. C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY
Farms a Specialty....

Catalogue on application.

P. B. BUELL & SON,
Real Estate Brokers,

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

WASHINGTON NOTES.
In many farm sections the usual
method of disposing of the body of a
dead animal is to drag it off into the
woods and let the crows and buzzards
make away with it. As the country
becomes more thickly settled, this
practice carries a serious menace, espe-
cially where animals die of contagious
diseases. It has even been found that
in cases of virulent diseases, like an
Ihrax, ordinary burying is not an en-
tire safeguard. The germs of such
diseases retain life for many years.
even in the soil; if they are left abovf-
ground or thrown into a ditch or
stream, the danger of disseminating
the disease is increased many fold.
The Department of Agriculture recom-
mends deep-burying of such diseased
bodies, with the free use of lime, and
also burning. The Nevada station re-
commends the lime method for small
animals, and burning for large ones.
Professor McDowell, of that station,
describes the complete destruction of
a thirteen-hundred pound body, burned
in a trench three feet deep, through the
use of five gallons of kerosene oil, five-
eighths of a cord of wood, and the time
of two men each for two and one-half
hours. If the animal is to be dragged
any distance, it should be placed upon
a litter or rough sled, which should
also be burned; otherwise germs may
be distributed along the entire trail.

* * *

The Department of Agriculture has
in type a timely farm publication, en-
titled "Rations for Laying Hens." Pro-
fessor Wheeler, of the New York Ex-
periment Station, states that when the
egg yield of a hen is one hundred per
year, the production of a pound of eggs
required 4.56 pounds of digestible or-
ganic nutriment in the feed, and as the
egg yield increases, the proportion of
nutrients increases. The natural feed
of poultry, it is stated, consists of
grain, insects, green forage and grit,
and, accordingly, in domestication, it
is reasonable that they should be fed
cereal grains and mill products, such
animal foods as meat, meals, and skim-
med milk, and also an abundance of
green food, or such substitutes for it
as roots or steamed clover. Oyster
sheels, grit, and an abundance of clean
drinking water are also prime requl-

• • *

Why not determine to spray every
apple tree this spring and not have a
wormy apple. Spraying against some
of the fungus diseases, such as grape
rot, for instance, is a very laborious
task, since the operation has to com-
mence with the first swelling of the
buds, and be repeated every fifteen or
sixteen days until the grapes are pretty
nearly grown, so that if one has only
a small private vineyard it may well
be considered too much trouble; but
killing the codlin moth and having
worm free apples is too easy and sim-
ple a task to let go by. The moth lays
its egg in the blossom, and all you

Lamp-chim-
neys that break
are not

Macbeth's.

If you use a wrong chimney, you lose a
good deal of both light and comfort, and
waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on
chimneys.

Do you want the Index ? Write me.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

VIRGINIA DIVISION. •

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A fire Insurance Association for farmers of

Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1899; amount In-
sured January 9, 1904, $370,000; policies se-
cured by real and personal property, esti-
mated value, ?l,0o0,000. For further Informa-
tion address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

Frame Your Pictures At Home.

Our instructions teach you how to make
any kind of a FRAME Handsome and attrac-
tive. Will last a lifetime. Can be made In
five minutes by any one. Material cost
scarcely nothing. Ladles and children send
us 25c. in stamps or coin with your name
and address and our instructions will be
mailed at once. We have lady agents mak-
ing $2 to $3 per day teaching their friends
this work. ART MODEL FRAMING CO.,
Van Buren, Ind. Lock Box No. 403.

FOR SALE.

A Dederick Steel Belt Hay Press,

(Cost $150), in good order. Will sell at
a bargain for cash.

J. M. STEGER, Hatton, Va.

I HAVE A LARGH LIST OF

FRUIT, POULTRY ^ TRUCK FARMS

Tea, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with

toed buildings, close to steam and trolley

lines, easy access to the city. Also,

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS

From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices— all the

way from $5 to tit) per acre. Write for

Catalogue.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.

Bex 257.

POSITION WANTED by a young man on a
stock farm. Understands veterinary science.
Address WM. N. E., Ferguson's Wharf, Va.

Mention the Southebn Planter In
writing.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

121

want is to get some Bordeaux mixture
and arsenic there first, so that the
young larva will eat and die.

In the United States corn is a favor-
ite feed for chickens, though, as Pro-
fessor states, common grains "seem
practically interchangeable."

In Ontario, an important poultry re-
gion, according to Professor Graham,
of the Ontario Agricultural College,
wheat is the most popular feed. Corn
is not used there to so great an extent
as in New England, though, he be-
lieves, from its high fuel value, that
it is an important addition to winter
rations. Oats, owing to the large per
centage of hull, are somewhat indi-
gestible. Barley is very good, and by
many considered next to wheat.

The practice of successful poultry
raisers and the results of numerous
tests show that the day's rations
should be made up of both whole grain
and grain ground up into a mash.

Opinions differ as to the proper time
for feeding whole grain and mash. An
objection to feeding mash in the morn-
ing, it is stated, is that the hen is
likely to become gorged with food and
take to the roost for the rest of the
day, resulting in her becoming too fat
and egg production small. The objec-
tion to feeding the mash at night is
that it becomes quickly digested, and
the bird has not sufficient food to last
it during the long winter night; but
this objection can be overcome by giv
ing a little whole grain after the mash
at night.

In experiments at the West Virginia
station, the egg production was practi-
cally the same, whether the mash was
fed in the morning or at night.

A test at the Utah station showed
that pullets fed dried blood as a part
of the ration began to lay earlier than
those given none.

The experiments of the New York
station bring out very clearly the im-
portance of providing laying hens with
rations containing an abundance of
mineral matter, a point sometimes
neglected. Rations should be well sup-
plied with lime and phosphates, es-
sential in the formation of bone, shells
and tissues. Mineral matter is largely
lacking in grains, but can be supplied
by animal food, oyster shells and bone
ash.

* * *

An effective way to retard early swell-
ing of fruit buds, which are thus liable
to get nipped by a late spring frost,
is to spray with whitewash. White
surfaces, it is well known, will not
readily absorb the sun's rays, and ex-
periments have shown that treatment
of this sort on peach trees has delayed
blossoming nearly a week.
* • •

Okra is a plant which should be in
every garden. Okra soup is a great
Southern dish, but in the North it is
not so well or generally known. The
plant is a prolific yielder, though it
is a little hard to start in heavy

CASH F0 R
YOUR FARM

NO MATTER WHERE IT IS

o sell it quickly and with the least possible expense?

o sell it at a reasonable price instead of sacrificing a good portk

t sold without publicity?

1 fill them

For eight years I have been filling these wants for people
The result is the largest real estate brokerage business in
Isn't that proof that I have been fulfilling my claims
Eight yeari"

ridence that I can sell your property?
:, offices in principal cities from Boston to San Francisco, hundreds of special representatives
xpenditure of over $100,000 a year in advertising, give me better facilities for selling your property than any
other broker anywhere.

It doesn't matter whether your property is worth $500 or $500,000 or in what state or territory it is located If
you will send me a description including your lowest cash price, I will tell you just how and why I can quickly sell

r property ftw cash and at the le;

thing to get this infoi

3ur requirements. I will guarantee

If you want to buy any kind of a property in any part of the country, tell me yourrequii
> fill them promptly and save you some money at the same time.

W. M. OSTRANDER, 376 north American Building. Philadelphia

Cozy Nook Poul^y Fa*m
v - Pope «i Pope -

HEAD YOUR YARDS WITH OUR

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

Show, Owensboro, Louisville, etc. . . . .

Cozy Nook is one of the most perfectly equipped plants of its size in America.
Headed by birds scoring 92H <° MVi- Satisfaction guaranteed to each and
every purchaser. Write today for free illustrated catalog.

Eggs, $2.01) for 15 packed in special baskets.

pope < Pope. COZY NOOK POULTRY FARM. l0U,K\miE-

The Cyphers Guarantee

backed by every dollar we have i n the world is made to you, personally. Jt says that YOU

will hatch a larger percentage of healthy, vigorous chicks, with less oil, less

attention less trouble and more satisfaction , i n a genuine, patented

CYPHERS INCUBATOR

than in any other make or you get your money back. The genui ne Cyphers is the only pat-
ent diaphragm. Don-moisture, self-ventilating, self-regulating incubator. Adopted and en-
dorsed by S6 Government Experiment Stations and used by more leading poultxymen than
all other makes combined. Catalogue free if you name this paper. Address nearest office.
CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO. Buflilo, N.Y., Chicago, Boston. New York.

■■PROFITABLE "PEEPERS"

Welcome sounds— the first faint -peeps" from cracking shells-
beard coming from the evenly heated egg chamber of the

Sure Hatch Incubator

ney profit for the owner. A Sure Hatch
a strong lunes. solid bodies and good con-
catalogue D 32 tells how. Write now.

Those sounds mean
starts chicks in life
stitutions. Our f
■^■1 Sura Hatch Incubator Co., Clay Center, Neb., or Indianapolis, Ind

S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS -r

Of fine quality. Great laying strain. Prices very reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed. Write
for prices before buying elsewhere. C. O. n. FINK, R. F. D. 2, Richmond Va.

122

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Februarj

INCUBATORS - ON - 30 . DAYS - TRIAL

A certain and never failing Business Hatcber.
Reasonab.e in price: best in quality, and always
reliable. Thousands of these machines are in
successful operation bere at borne and abroad.

Our bandsome catalogue ii free for the asking,
send for a copy at once, befo'e you select a noa-
cbine and make a mistake. Address The Stand-
ard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 28, Rochester, N. Y.

Mention this Journal.

VICTOR

Incubators

truthfully pictured and their

of the book

about the

chicken business. We begin the story in the egg and end
tt with the marketing of the fowls. There's knowledge
which will benefit anyone
1 Our incubators are driving
regardless of weather or of seasons You «*. ^.~»«.~»
hatching every fertile egg. Money back if not ?H weclnim.
"We pay freight. The book is free, lust say "Send Victor
Book "andweni doit, GEO. ERTEL C0.,Quincy, II1.

CHICKS THAT LIVE

get stronfc and healthy— pain
steadily in weight, are chicks
hatched in Reliable Incubato:

The Reliable

provides automatically a constant |

uniform temperature— chicks pin, hatch and thrlv* o»
der its nature-like conditions. Send 10 cents and c*
our 20th annual catalog— full of poultry inform much.

Reliable Incubator and Breeder Co., Box ft-1 ) , Quiocy, 111.

.SPECIAL OFFER!

to the readers
of this T'. 'I ' r.
II Sell a Hundred und T<-n Egg

MICHICANDER

Hot Water Incubator only SlO

and allow you to try it for SO Days free. Tried
and known to b* perfect. Get a Catalog Free.
CASHS1PPLV «% UrtilO. P#Ft- W. KIL1SAZOO. *irH.

rf!

EA5Y MONEY

ta dimU by jniUlliDt; a ITawkcye
Iacubutor. Little cort, liulc oare.
TMBlte iur». profits large. SO Uuti'
Free Trial. Cktatogna free. Mention
thil pai>,r.-llawki-ve In. nhutor
Co,, Boi 49i Newton, Iowa.

BUILD YOUR OWM INCUBATOR

B»Te Mar

Book of Plsn

cost ill fixtures like Tank. Lamp. ReguUtor,

etc. No Experiment. Handsome Catalog Fr...

Uii.VVU.S, SXOIT * HI., Kept. lijV"'"'.". >"•

LIVE AGENTS WANTED.

Mention the Southern* Planter In
writing.

ground, and should be sowed thick
enough to allow for thinning three-
fourths of the plants. A row fifty feet
in length will supply a large family,
and also dried pods enough for many
fine winter soups. It is about as good
this way as fresh, and, to my taste,
fully as good as the canned okra,
which is quite expensive.
* • *

As a cultivated plant, the Dandelion
is assuming a place of some importance
in farm gardens, and in the New Eng-
land market gardens it is grown exten-
sively, yielding large returns per acre.
They are sown in the early spring, cul-
tivated during the summer, and thin-
ned to eight or ten inches apart. They
are not fit for market until the fol-
lowing spring, and are then best when
partially blanched. The Maine station
states that they can be grown profit-
ably at 50 cents per bushel, though
the price received is often much
higher.

* * »

The good roads sentiment is appa-
rently growing. Representative Aiken,
of South Carolina, has just introduced
a bill similar to the one introduced
the other day in the Senate by Senator
Latimer, of the same State. It pro-
vides for a Bureau of Highways and
for the construction of good roads by
the Federal Government and the States
in co-operation, each to bear one-half
of the expense. The bill appropriates
$24,000,000 for this purpose.

* * »

Representative Trimble, of Ken-
tucky, has introduced a bill to prevent
the adulteration of blue grass, orchard
grass and clover seed. Authority is
given the Department of Agriculture
to inspect all such seeds offered for
sale, and any adulteration, mixing or
misbranding discovered will subject
the offenders to fines ranging from
$100 to $1,000 for each offence, and
also imprisonment. The bill is care-
fully drawn, and discusses the various
species and varieties of blue grass,
clover and orchard grass, and their
adulterates, at some length.

Adulteration of all of these grasses,
and particularly Kentucky blue grass,
appears to be a common practice with
many seed men. For this purpose,
Canada blue grass (poa compressa) is
used in mixture with Kentucky blue
grass (poa pratensis), and many sam-
ples received by the Bureau of Plant
Industry have been found to contain
a major portion of the inferior or
Canada species. More than five per
cent, of the inferior species is consid-
ered, in the meaning of the bill, an
"adulteration." The bill gives the De-
partment of Agriculture authority to
act only in cases of interstate ship-
ments or importations.

e • •
Temple Farm, Yorktown, Va., the
scene of the surrender of Lord Corn-
wallis, is to be purchased by the Gov-
ernment, if a bill introduced by Repre-

MOOBEWOOD POULTRY FARM,
Wiseville, Chesterfield Co., Virrjinia.

Highest Grade B. P. ROCKS. W. WTAN-
DOTTES. S. C. BLACK MINORCAS.
Breeding and Exhibition Stock and Eg« fer
tale at all times. Prices reasonable. Write
to-day for our LARGE ILLUSTRATED CAT-
ALOGUE and POULTRY GUIDE, inclosing
two-cent stamp.

At tbe Great Richmond Shows of 1902 and
1603, our stock won THIRTY-FOUR PRIZES,
TEN OF THEM FIRSTS. No better utUltr
stock can be had.

E. F. SOMMERS, - Somerset, Va.

Breeder of the finest line bred

Barred Plymouth Rocks

exclusively for 14 years. Write to me for
what you want. Am sure can please yen.
My birds have been bred for laying qualities
as well as shape and plumage. Cockerel!, $1
to (2; eggs, $1 per set of 16; 2 sets, 51 M;
M. B. Turkey eggs, {3 per dozen.

WALSH'S

Barred PlymoutH RocKs

High class combination utility and
exhibition stock. Best blood. Bred
from prolific layers of large browm
eggs. Eggs, $1.50 per 15.

L. W. "WALSH.

Box 194. Lynchburg. Va.

B. P. Rock Cockerels.

A few superb birds at $2.50 each. Return
If not satisfactory, and your money will be
refunded. SUNNYSIDE POULTRY FARM,
Chrlstiansburg, Va, Reference. Bank of
Chrlsttansburg, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rock

EGGS FOR HATCHING

From my heavy laying strain, $1 per 15.
DON. M. McLEAN, Maxton, N. C.

■FOR SALE-

B. Plymouth Rock Cockerels

of Hawkins and other noted strains.

MARVIN P. KLINE, Vaocluse. Va.

1904. H

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

123

HOLLYBROOK FARM.

..EGOS for SITTING..

From Pure-bred Poultry.

In our poultry yards we have the following
thoroughbred poultry, all first-class stock,
originally started from the best stock in thi»
country, and carefully cross-mated so as to
give strong and vigorous stock and the best
laying strains of the different breeds that it
's possible to obtain:

BARRED P. ROCKS. $1.00 per sitting.

LIGHT BRAHMAS. $2.00 per sitting.

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE. Price,
11.50 per sitting.

WHITE WYANDOTTE. $1.50 per sitting.

Ib addition to careful breeding, we pay
special attention to the handling and packing
of our Eggs, so as to ensure good fertility
and a good hatch.

We have also for sale a few first-class
young cockerels of BARRED PLYMOUTH
ROCKS SILVER LACED aand WHITE WY-
ANDOTTE. Price, $1.50 and $2 each, crated
for shipment.

HENRY W. WOOD, Richmond, Va.

P. O. Box 330. Hollybrook Parm.

BUFF ROCKS.

EGGS from Choicely
Mated Birds. ** J- J>

The best general purpose fowl

in existence.
PRICES VERY REASONABLE.

ADDRESS

H, L, TROLINGER, - - Pulaski.Va.
EGGS from Fine Fowls.

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks; Sil-
ver, White, Buff and Partridge Wyandottes;
Black Minorcas ; Black Langshans ; Light
Brahmas; Buff and Partridge Cochins; White
and Brown Leghorns.

♦♦♦♦ 15 FOR $1.00 ♦♦♦♦
except the Wyandojtes w eh are $2.00 for 15

No stock except a few B. P. Rocks and Light
Brahmaj. C. J. WARINER, Mgr.. Ruffin, N. C.
Oakland Poultry Farm.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

: EXCLUSIVELY :

Strong, healthy, vigorous, farm-raised
Btock, bred for laying eggs.
75 CENTS PER SITTING.
WM. B. LEWIS, Irby, Nottoway Co., Va.

EQQS1 EGGS!! and PIGS! PIGS!!

If you are pleased, tell your friends,
If not, tell us — but don't forget

That onlv the best is bred at

THE CEDARS P. & S. FARM.

Now booking orders for Eggs and Pigs for

Spring delivery. Finest B. P. Rocks in Va. and

Giant Jumbo strain n. B. Turkeys. Protection

Ouroc Jersey and Perfection Poland China pigs.

WM. Q. OWENS, Midlothian, Va.

Mention the Southern Planter in
writing.

sentative Maynard, of Virginia, be-
comes a law. This farm comprises
about five hundred acres, and the old
manor house was Used as the head-
quarters of Washington, Lafayette and
Rochambeau. The Government has
already erected a handsome monument
at Yorktown to commemorate this vic-
tory, but its surroundings are neglect-
ed. Considerable sentiment, Mr. May-
nard says, has already been worked
up in favor of this movement, in-
cluding memorials from the legisla-
tures of Maryland, Ohio, New York,
Delaware, North Carolina, Massachu-
setts, West Virginia, Utah and South
Carolina, and also various patriotic
organizations.

* * *

Don't make the mistake of putting
sawdust on between the strawberry
rows or, in fact, on any cultivated
land. It is ruinous.

Guy E. Mitchell.

Hartford City, Ind., Jan. 15, 1904.
Dr. Jos. Haas, V. S.,

Indianapolis, Ind.
Dear Sir:

When I received your Hog Remedy
my hogs had the cholera in earnest.
Out of seventeen shoats, four had died
and five were sick when the Remedy
arrived. Four of the five that were
sick died, as they were too far gone to
eat, but the other was able to eat, and
is now well and doing fine. No more
took sick, and all are doing well now.
Have been feeding them your Remedy
twice a day. I had two young sows
that would weigh 175 lbs. each that
took very sick, and would not eat for
three days. I took them away from
the rest of the herd and put them
where they could get no food except
that which I gave them. I mixed some
of your remedy in mill feed and put it
before them. At the end of the third
day they ate a little, and now, at the
end of the tenth day, they are eating,
and seem to be all right, and no one
could tell they were ever sick. If there
is any sickness in the rest of the herd,
I have not been able to detect it. I
have been feeding your Remedy every
day for ten days. I will say this for
Dr. Haas' Hog Remedy: It is the only
Remedy that I have ever fed that I
thought did any good. I will always
feed it, for I am satisfied it has ar-
rested disease in my herd.
Yours truly,

R. F. D. 10. David Melick.

The "Acme" Pulverizing Harrow is
made entirely of cast steel and wrought
iron — is, therefore, practically inde-
structible.

Before deciding upon buying an in-
cubator, write the George Ertel Com-
pany, Quincy, 111., for a copy of "The
Victor Book." It is free, and will be
gladly sent. It contains lots of valua-
ble information. Just use a postal
card.

LEGHORN POULTRY FARM

Has for sale a limited number of S. C.
BROWN and S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
Pulleta and Roosters. Best layers known.
Prise Winning Stock. Price $1.00, $1.60 each.
Eggs In season at $1.00 for 16; $2.60 for M;
$6.00 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Addresa A. T. MATTHEWS. Box 36. Parksley, Va

.. Eggs for Sitting. ..

When you want eggs for your Incubator or
nana, why not give me a trial and get aa good
aa the best at cut-throat prices. BARRED P.
ROCKS, WHITE WYANDOTTES, LIGHT
BRAHMAS, WHITE and BUFF ORPING-
TONS. A number of Cockerels for sale.

BRUSHY HILL POULTRY YARDS,
O. E. SHOOK, Prop. New Sterling, N. C.

SLLVER-LACED

WYANDOTTES.

New blood, choice specimens,
strong and healthy birds of
fine plumage, ready for ship-
ment at $1.00 each. Alsa
purebred POLAND-CHINA
PIGS at $5.00 each.

Dr. H. LEE,

Lexington, Va.

EGOS for sale.

From Prize Winning BUFF LEG-
HORNS and BARRED PLYMOUTH
ROCKS. Also choice Barred Rock
Cockerels (Miles Strain).

MISS JULIA P. JONES,
Bethania, N. C.

FOR SALE

M.B. Turkeys, B. P. Rocks, White Wyan-
dotte and S. C B. Leghorn (the great winter
layers) Chickens; Pekin Ducks, all of finest
stock. Address Miss CLARA L. SMITH,
CROXTON, Caroline, Co., Va.

EGGS for SITTING.

Pure-bred B. P. ROCK Eggs,
$1.25 FOR 15.

P. MAXWELL CONNER, Box 316. Richmond, Va

124

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Farm=Raised Poultry.

Two distinct flocke of Mammoth Bronze Tur-
keys from which we make matlngs for breeding
purposes at reasonable prices. Eggs In season.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS-

BIRDS AND EGGS.
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, Tenn

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

These cocks won 90 per cent, of battles
fought In 1902 and 1903, and have never lost
a battle when gameness and cutting quali-
ties could win. Eggs S2 per lo; stock for sale.
THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

ORPINGTON CHICKENS and
POLAND-CHINA PIGS.

r EGGS rom my best strain of Buff Orpingtons,
$1.00 per IS, S3. 00 per 50. A few Cockerels at$1.00
to 81.50 Poland-! hina Pigs 8 to 10 wks. old at
$3.75 each, or 87.00 pair, 810.00 trio. These carry
the very best blood.

OCCONEECHEE FARM,
Mecklenburg Co. JEFFRESS, VA.

PURE-BRED

M. B. Turkeys, Fs?£

Toms, $3.00; hens, $2.50. Also

B. P. Rock Cockerels,

$1.00 each.
G. T. JOHNSON, Beaver Dam, Va.

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of 15.
Light Brahmas, Black Minorcas,
S. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W.
Rocks, Brown Leghorns S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON, Ma-
nassas, Va. Clovek Hill Fabm.

^•40 VARIETIES^

BEST POULTRY.

Fine large Poultry Guide, 6c. You
cannot aflord to be without it. Price
List FREE. Write to-day.

JOHN E. HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va.

MY PURE-BRED

S. C. Brown Leghorns,

Are the best layers in the world — lay
at all seasons. Place your orders early
for eggs, 15 for $1.

W. S. GUTHRIE, Childress, Va.

OAKSHADE n. B. Turkeys
and Huguenot W. Wyandottes,

: FOR SALE :

Raised on 400 acre blue grass farm — the
best 1 have ever seen. Eggsfrom White,
Buff and Partridge Wyandottes in season
Address Huguenot Poultry Yards,
...Dublin, Va.

THE EDITOR OF THE RURAL NEW
YORKER,

than whom there is no better potato
expert in the country, says: "Salzer's
Earliest Potato is the earliest of 38 ear-
liest sorts, triad by me, yielding 464 bu.
per acre." Salzer's Early Wisconsin
yielded for the Rural New Yorker 736
bu. per acre. Now Salzer has heavier
yielding varieties than above. See
Salzer's catalogue. Just send 10c. in
stamps and this notice to the John A.
Salzer Seed Company, La Crosse, Wis.,
and receive lots of farm seed samples
and their big catalogue, which is brim-
ful of rare things for the gardener and
farmer, easily worth $100.00 to every
wide-awake farmer.

It describes Salzer's Teosinte, yield-
ing 160,000 lbs. per acre of rich, green
fodder; Salzer's Victoria Rape, yield-
ing 60,000 lbs. of sheep and hog food
per acre, together with Salzer's New
National Oats, which has a record of
300 bu. per acre in 30 States; so, also,
full description of Alfalfa Clover,
Giant Incarnat Clover, Alsike, Timo-
thy, and thousands of other fodder
plants, Grasses, Wheat, Speltz, Bar-
leys, etc.

We are the only distillers in this
country selling direct to consumers.
Like every success, we have imitators
who "claim" to be distillers. They are
not distillers, and have no connection
with a distillery. For proof, you need
not take our word. Just see Govern-
ment reports! They are simply deal-
ers, and can "doctor" their whiskey
as much as they like and call it any
age, for, unfortunately, the Govern-
ment does not control dealers as it
does distillers. Now, these dealers are
in business for profit, so when they
offer 8 to 12-year-old whiskey for the
same or less money than we, as distil-
lers, can sell 7-year-old, the inference
is plain. Their whiskey is not the age
they claim, and is adulterated and
watered. The cheaper they sell, the
more water and adulteration you get.
Beware of our imitators.

If you want honest whiskey, direct
from our own distillery, with all its
original richness and flavor, carrying
a United States registered distiller's
guarantee of purity and age, and sav-
ing you the dealers' enormous profits,
then accept the offer we make you else-
where in this paper. It is backed by
a company with a capital of $500 000.00
paid in full, the proud reputation of 36
years of continuous success, and over
a quarter of a million satisfied custo-
mers; sc you run no risk. The Hay-
ner Distilling Company.

The "Acme" Pulverizing Harrow,
while a "general-purpose" Harrow, Is
pre-eminently adapted to the prepara-
tion of ground for winter and other
grain, where the drill is to he used, and
for covering in the seed, where the
drill is not used.

White Holland Turkeys*

I have a few very fine Toms left;
first orders will get them. WHITE
PLYMOUTH ROCK Cockerels— some
nice ones. JOHN A. CLARK, Malvern
Hill, Va.

EGGS FOR SALE.

WHITE HOLLAND Turkey Eggs 82 per 10.
Rosecomb White Leghorn Eggs $1.00 per 16;
(2.00 per 40. ,

White Plymouth Rock Eggs 81.50 per 15.
Mrs. LIZZIE DYER, Verstilles, Tenn.

FINE TURKEYS. "BRED FOR BR'ED'"-"

The Mammoth Bronze In the finest speci-
men of turkey in the world. I do not hesi-
tate to say that I have the finest birds In
Virginia. If you will file your orders now
you will get choice ones out of a choice
flock. I also have a few Barred Plymouth
Rocks for sale. My fowls are all thorough
bred. Write for circulars and rates.

PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE,
Miss E. Callle Giles, Prop. Whittle's Depot, Va.

Mammoth Bronze TurKeys,

$8.00 per trio, some half wild stock.
Healthiest and best I ever raised; 2 year
old Goblers, $5 00. B. P. Rocks, ( Hawk-
n's strain) trio |4.00. Mrs. ANN E. WINN,
Blantons, Va.

HawKsley StocKVFarm

has 2 nice Berkshire Boars for sale, 6
mos. old; will have no more pigs to sell
until April. A few S. C. B. Leghorn
Cockerels left a $ 1 . each. Eggs i a seas-
on. J. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS.

Young stock for sale in
Fall. Prices reasonable.

White Plymouth Rocks.

R. W. HAW, Jr., - - Centralia, Va.

S. C. WHITE GHORNS.

Fine Cockerels, Wyckofi strain, $1 50.
Fine Cockerels from Biltniore prize
birds, $2.00. Write for prices on pens,
choice matings. Eggs per sitting, $1.00.
Mrs. J. W. WALTERS, Cnristiansburg, Va.

COCKERELS FOR SALE,

Barred Plymouth Rock and S. C. B. Leghorn.
Biltmore and Thompson strains.
Splendid birds $1 each.

MRS. JNO. F. PAYNE,
University Station, Charlottesville, Va.
CLAIRMONT DAIRY FARM.

HOW TO FEED AND BREED HOGS

is of importance to swine growers, t A

i practical, clean, common-sense swine

paper for farmers can be had from now

Ito January, 1905, by sending 10 Cent*

In Silver at once to

BLOODED STOCK,.
Oxford, Pa.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

125

I INSURE HOGS

and Pay for All That Die

when my Remedy Is fed as a preventive.
Write for plan. 28 years unparalleled success
and the biggest money-maker for hog raisers
known.

TRADE-MARK.
It will Prevent and Arrest Diseases, Expel Worms,
Slop Coujh and Pay for Itself Many Times Over by
the Eitra Flesh Produced without Extra Feed.

PRICES: 25-lb. can, $12.50; 12M-lb. can.
$6.50, prepaid; packages, $2.50, $1.23 and 50
cents. None genuine without my signature
on package or can label.

Govans, Md., Nov. IS. 1903.
DR. JOS. HAAS, Indianapolis, Ind.:

Dear Sir,— Since I began feeding your Rem-
edy my hogs have greatly improved, and
none have died. My hogs were all sick be-
tore I began using the Remedy— in fact, I
had lost about 70 head. Yours truly,

CHRISTIAN GERMAN.

HOG BOOK FREE

"HOGOIjOGY," my book about hog raising,
will be sent FREE, if you mention Southern
Planter when asking for it. It has been re-
vised and enlarged, contains 100 pages, fully
Illustrated, practical and complete, and worth
many dollars to any swine raiser.

JOS. HAAS, V. S.,

INDIANAPOLIS, IND.

mwwt«».».sr^..»........w,

Little Chicks

thrive when feci on our

BABY CHICK FOOD.

A perfect balanced food. Sendifor free

sample and our large illustrated catalog

of POULTRY SUPPLIES,

INCUBATORS and

BROODERS.

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.,

517-519 West Broad St.,

Richmond, Va.

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER.

,\\: \ \ -. ». s ■- ■- ■- ■- •- '- •- •- •- -- •- »- »- -- »- --T-*

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. $8 to $15. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Training. 50 cents : Free If
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM,
Albany, Vermont.

GOOD HOUSEKEEP1MG.

CHICKEN PIE.

In these days of high prices, any
hint as to how to make one chicken do
the duty of two will be welcome to hoth
city and country housekeepers, so I am
reminding them of good, old-timey
chicken pie.

As Marian Harland would advise,
"first catch your chicken," and do it at
least a day before it is to be used.
Dress it as for roasting, and put it into
a closely-covered pot, with enough
water to cover, and with a small piece
of onion, a pinch of thyme, and a
pinch of sage — not enough of any of
these to give a decided taste — and
let it boil until tender, but do not let
it drop to pieces. Cut the chicken up,
taking out the largest bones. Line the
deep pan with a rich biscuit dough.
Lay the pieces in and sprinkle pepper
and salt over it. Slice three hard-
boiled eggs over this, and pour the
water the fowl was boiled in over it,
adding some, if necessary, to cover the
meat and eggs. Put dabs of butter
about and sprinkle a generous hand-
ful of flour over the whole. Put the
top crust on and bake to a rich brown.
Make a small hole in the middle of the
top crust to let the steam escape, and
prevent spoiling the edges. The left-
over scraps of a turkey or roast
chicken make fine pies, and are made
just the same way.

CELERY SAUCE.

This can be made with the outside
pieces of the celery and small pieces of
the root and ends, which are of no
use for the table, and is good with
almost any boiled meat or fowl. Wash
and scrape the celery, cut it into small
pieces, cover it with water, and boil
until tender. Add a dust of nutmeg,
salt and pepper. Cream a large table-
spoon of butter with a tablespoon of
flour to a pint of sauce. Take the
celery out, rub it through a sieve and
return it to the water with the butter
and a cup of rich cream. Let it boil
and it is ready for the table.

SALSIFY CAKES.

Scrape the salsify and drop it into
cold water for awhile; then boil until
tender, and put through the potato
'masher; add to it equal parts of
creamed Irish potatoes; beat well to-
gether, and to one quart of the mixture
add a large spoon of butter, one raw
egg, salt and pepper. Make it out into
cakes as big as a biscuit and fry in
hot lard.

TOMATO SAUCE.

With this we can make a very appe-
tizing dish of a most untempting-look-
ing cold roast of beef. Slice one large
onion and put it on a hot pan, with a
heaping tablespoon of butter and let it
fry done, but not brown. To this add
a half a can of tomatoes and let them
cook until tender, then put them
through a sieve. Return this to the
pan and add a half-pint of soup stock,
made of the bones of the cold roast, a
teaspoon of black popper, a teaspoon of

*

BERKSHIRES

% WE HAVE THE BEST. J

1 > & Jfi * %

\ MINIBORYA FARM, \

% Box 901. RICHJ10ND, VA. fc

■rririPipjriPjffipjpirtriP.iPiBirip

BERKSHIRE PIGS

Ready for January delivery, sired by
my 18-months-old boar, CAPT. JACK
68623, who now weighs 680 lbs. in only
fair breeding condition. The pigs are
first-class in every respect and I will
ship to responsible parties on ap-
proval. Am now booking orders for
pigs March farrow by Lustre's Carlisle
of Biltmore, 72057, recently purchased
from Biltmore Farms.

WOODSIDE STOCK FARM,

Charlottesville, Va.

ACCOMAC HERD

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

A choice lot of young Boars and
Gilts now ready to ship; 60 nice pigs
for spring shipment; the best English
and American families. All stock
eligible to registry. Write for prices.
ALFRED P. WHITE, JR.,
Parksley, Va.

English Berkshire Pigs,

8 weeks old, $5.00 each.

Barred Plymouth Rocks,

$1.00 each.

Eggs in Season at $1.00 for 15.

M. E. ANDREWS, Hurt, Va.

HOLLYBROOK FARM.

Berkshire Pigs-^*

Are from first-class registered stock, Biltmore
strain ; have free range and plenty of running
water, and are healthy, vigorous stock. Young
pigs for sale. Write for prices.

HENRY W. WOOD.

Box 330. RICHMOND, VA.

BERKSHIRE

Boars, bred by Biltmore Farms, for sale
cheap. They are of the best blood, and are
sure breeders. R. S. CAMERON & SON,
Gloucester, Va.

126

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

S.S.*M*S.^S.H.11*'..»*S.»*^^-.-<

RERKSHIRES

ANNEFIELD HERD

Represents the

Finest Blood Lines

In England or America.

Stook for sale at all times.

Correspondence Sollslted.

Impaction Invited.

EDW. G. SUTLER, Annefield Farms

Briggs. Clarke Co., Va.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Centreville, Md.

POLAND -CHINAS

For sale, 3 months old pigs not akin;
choice bred gilts 8 to 12 months old,
sired by a grandson of CHIEF TE-
CUMSEH 2d and CHIEF PERFEC-
TION 2nd & IDEAL SUNSHINE Boars.
I also offer choice B. P. ROCK COCK-
ERELS. THOMAS R. SMITH,
Lincoln, Loudoun Co., Va.

ESSEX PIGS.

I am now offering
some splendid pigs,
'not related, from re-
corded >tock. You
. cannot do better
than breed the Essex.

L. O. JONES, Bethanla, N. C.

ESSEX SOWS.

Two fine ones, 8 mos. old, entitled to
registry; will SELL CHEAP as last we
will have. Registered BERKSHIRE
SHOATS cheap, and plenty of Berk-
shire pigs in the Spring.

DALKEITH STOCK FARil,

■^™— South Boston, Va.

Berkshire.
C. Whites. Fine large
strains. All ages, mated
not a In, 8 week, pigs.
Bred sows. Service boars

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular,
P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranvllle, Chester Co., Pa.

Mention the Southebn Planteb In
writing.

celery seed, a dash of red pepper, salt
and a tablespoon of flour. Let it boil
up and it is ready. Serve with cold
sliced meat, or slice the meat and put
it into a pan with a small quantity of
nice drippings or butter. Let it get
hot, and after putting it on a large
dish pour the sauce over it. This
sauce is a delightful addition to broiled
steak, poured on just as you take it
from the fire.

BUCKWHEAT CAKES.

One quart of buckwheat flour, one
cup of corn meal, half a cup of yeast,
or half a yeast-cake soaked for two
hours before using; one teaspoon of
salt and one teaspoon of molasses;
enough water to make a stiff batter.
Beat in two eggs; set it to rise, and
in the morning stir in a teaspoon of
soda dissolved in a little warm water
and a large tablespoon of lard and but-
ter mixed. Fry on a very hot griddle,
with plenty of grease.

SYBUP (TO EAT WITH THE BUCKWHEAT
CAKES.)

One pound of maple sugar and five
pounds of white sugar in five quarts of
water. Boil till there is only a gallon.
If you cannot get the maple sugar, use
six pounds of brown sugar, and season
it with the yellow inside bark of a
hickory-nut tree. The imitation ia
almost perfect. I sometimes dissolve
a half-box of gelatine in the syrup just
before I take it off the stove. This
makes it so much thicker, and is a
variety.

MERINGUE PUDDING.

One quart of stewed apples (the can-
ned ones do just as well as the fresh),
a cup and a half of sugar (more if the
apples are sour), the yolks of six eggs
beaten very light, the juice and grated
rind of one lemon, one cup of rich
milk, one dessertspoon of corn starch
dissolved in the milk. Beat all well to-
gether and bake in a deep pudding-
dish for forty minutes, then spread
over the top a meringue made of the
whites of the eggs beaten light with
six tablespoons of sugar and a tea-
spoon of vanilla. Put it back in the
oven and let it brown. Serve with
cream. This is good made with evapo-
rated apples or apricots.

HOME-MADE MUSTABD.

Four tablespoons of ground mus-
tard, one tablespoon of flour, one table-
spoon of sugar, one teaspoon of salt,
one teaspoon of black pepper, one tea-
spoon of celery seed. Mix these in-
gredients together and then rub them
into a paste, with a little cold vinegar,
and pour over it one cup of boiling
vinegar. Let it boil up, and it will
keep any length of time.

SWF.F.T PICKLE MADE OF' EVAPORATED
PEACHES.

In the springtime our pickle jars are
generally empty, or nearly so, and in
the country it is not so easy to fill
them at this season; so I think some
will be glad to know that the dried
fruit makes pickle almost, if not quite,
as good as the fresh. I like to use the

Products Are Good

English Berkshires.

Berkshires are the most profitable
pigs to raise' because of their great
size, early maturity and the fine
quality of the meat. Breeders who
desire to improve the quality of
their stock will be interested in our
new folder about the young Filston
Berkshires, the progeny of noted
English prize winners. Correspond-
ence solicited.

Filston Farm, Glencoe, Md.

0. I. C. PIGS

FROn REO. STOCK.
EOR SALE. PRICES RIOHT.
P. S. MICHIE, CharlottesvllU, Va.

Poiand-cninas and Chester Whites

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va.

WHITE YORKSHIRE PIGS,

BntlUed to registration, FOR SALE.

HENRY H. CLARKE. "Chantllly."
Broad Street Road, Richmond, Va.

Ji. XT

XT S

FOR SALE..

Black horse, foaled 1S95, by Eolus (aire of
Eole, St. Saviour, Eon, Morello, Russell
Diablo, Eurus, Eolian, Elkwood, Knight of
Ellerslle. etc.). Dam Sample by Imp. Rother-
hill (son of Lord Clifden) ; 2d dam Satilla by
Imp. liuckden (son of Lord Clifden); 3d dam
Matilda, by Imp. Sovereign (son of Emllius);
4th dam Ruby Mare, by Imp. Ruby (son of
Emllius): 5th dam Peytona, by Imp. Glen-
coe; and so on IS crosses to a Royal Mare.

Aurus is a large, handsome horse 16 hands
high, weighs 1,250 poundB, with fine bone
and muscle, and a good disposition. Be-
lieved to be sound and a sure foal getter.
Sold for no fault. Peytona was, perhaps the
largest mare ever trained. She won the Pey-
ton stakes, four mile-heats, worth thirty
thousand dollars, four heats— 16 miles. She
afterwards beat Fashion four mile heats, who
beat Boston the same distance. Apply to

R. J. HANCOCK & SON., Charlottesville, Va.

FOR SALE,~My Trotting-bred Stallion

QEOROE BURNS, foaled May 14. 1SO0. Ma-
hogany bay, star In face, left hind foot whlU,
of good style, easy to handle; will make good
breader. Write for his breeding.
J. TABB JANNBY. Van CleveavUle. W. Va.

1»04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

127

REGISTERED

SHORTHORNS.

Our old, established herd of about
forty good milking cows is headed by
imported SIR WILFRED LAURIER,
144766 (a son of the great English
champion Marengo); CEDRIC, 126088
(a grandson of William of Orange, of
Marr Farm), and FRANTIS LAD,
210443 (a winner of second prize in
senior bull calves at 1903 International
Young stock for sale,

P. S. LEWIS & SON,
Point Pleasant, W. Va.

FOR SALE OR TRADE

1 Registered Shorthorn Bull,

5 years old, to prevent inbreeding.
1 Registered Shorthorn Bull,

6 months old.

50 bus. French White Artichokes,

at 75 cents per bus.
Standard bred Poland-China Pigs, 3 to

4 months old.
J. H. BOELTE & SONS, ■ News Ferry, Va

ELLERSL1E FARM^
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Chablottesvillk, Va.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

BREEDER OF PURE BRED

SHort Horn Cattle and
Poland-CKina Hogs.

FOR SALE: 2 yearling bulls, good ones, ready
for service; »lso some nice Fall Poland-China
shoats of both sexes. Come or write.

COOK'S CREEK HERD

Scotch-Topped
Shorthorns^*

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 15S5 48.
Young Bulls for sale. Inspection and corres-
pondence Invited.

HEATWOLE & SUTBR, Dal* Enterprise, Va.

Angora = Goats,

In pairs to suit. Buck and Doe Kids
at $15 or $20 per pair. Does in Kid,
$8 to $10. Some extra REG. ANGUS
Bull Calves, low down.

J. R. K. BELL, Pulaski City, Va.

aUPriDA PflATC are handsome, hardv and
AnUUnA UUA 10 profitable. For large cir-
cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Cliffy, Ky.

evaporated fruit best, but the common
sun-dried peaches will do.

Seven pounds of peaches, five pounds
of sugar, between two and three quarts
of vinegar. .fowder coarsely mace,
cloves and alspice, and add seven tea-
spoons of this mixture and a few pieces
of bruised ginger, .four over the
peaches and let mem stand over night.
Cook until tender, and as soon as cold
it is ready for use.

IJUEEiN OF PUDDINGS.

One quart of milk heated and poured
over tne well-beaten yolks of four
eggs, into which stir one cup of sugar
and a heaping cup of finely crumbled
bread (stale is best) ; season with nut-
meg and let it get cold. Just before
qutting it into the pudding dishes, add
a full cup of seeded raisins; bake
about forty minutes, or until the pud-
ding is well set; then take it out and
spread a layer of some acid jam or
jelly over it, and over this put the
whites of the eggs beaten and sweet-
ened with a half cup of sugar; flavor
with lemon and set it back to brown.
Eat cold with cream or hot with wine
sauce. Cabaven.

ONE ASSET HAD BEEN OVER-
LOOKED.

H. Gerald Chapin, editor of The
American Lawyer, takes considerable
delight in telling how he was once foil-
ed by a woman whom he was examin-
ing as a witness in supplementary pro-
ceedings.

"I had been admitted to the bar but
a short time, and was a fair specimen
of the average theory-stuffed, practice-
wanting, law-school graduate. How
joyously were the commands of the
managing clerk obeyed! Here was the
looked-for opportunity to demonstrate
my ability in the noble art of search-
ingly examining a recalcitrant witness.
Of the two I fancy, however, that it
was the lady who was the more self-
possessed when the proceedings open-
ed. She was a dressmaker, and had
been sued by a dry-goods firm. The
examination dragged its slow length
along, revealing no assets, until finally
came the omnium gatherum query ask-
ed as a finisher.

" 'Have you any property of any
kind or nature, real or personal, or
any right or interest in property which
you have failed to mention?'

"Perhaps it was my tone she dis-
liked. At all events, her eyes snapped.

" 'Well, I've got what perhaps you
wouldn't call an interest, but it's
almost as good. It's an expectation.
Must I answer?'

" 'If you please.'

" 'Well, you see, it's this way. I've
got two sisters, and both of 'em have
married finely. Now, neither of 'em
begins to be as good looking as I am.'

" 'Well, I really don't see why I
shouldn't have the same show.'

"Needless to say, no receiver was
appointed to administer this 'asset.' " —
Success.

Ifotm, {oArti>

Products Are Good

Scotch Collies.

Among the famous sires now at
Filston are Lord Tweedmouth, sire
of Dorothy C. and many notable
prizewinners; Filston' s Galopin,
Filston 's Hero and many others,
representing the best collie blood
ever brought to America.

These dogs are at stud, or pup-
pies of this choice stock may be
procured from time to time. Cor-
respondence solicited.

Filston Farm, Glencoe, Md.

150 Jacks, Jennets and Mules.

Best assortment I ever ewned. Can
you exactly. Write fer descrip-
tion and prices. Also
will sell 2 Peraheron
Stallions at close fig-
ures.

BAKER'S JACK FARM.
Lawrence. Ind.

Knight & Jetton,

Breeders of and Dealers in

Jacks, Jennets, Stallions.

Durham and Hereford

YEARLING*.

Send stamp for Catalogue.

Murfree5boro, Tenn.

J3

Jacks, Jennets and Stallions

FOR SALE. Fixi Jacki a
SnciALTY. When writing
state exactly what yeu wait
or come and see our stock.

W. E. KNIdrlT 4 CO.,

Koate 5. NisitIIIc. Tson.

MULES

FOR SALE

One pair choice young Mules, coming
4 yrs. old; thoroughly broken. Address

LOUIS DE LACRCIX, Oxford, N. C.

SALE OR EXCHANGE.

1 Maltese and 1 Spanish Jack, sound and
sure, for good sheep or heavy stallion. Young
stock preferred. W. S. MOTT, Dlxondale, Va.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

128

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Angus Cattle For Sale Low.

1 Reg. Bull Calf 12 mos. old, very
fine. 1 Reg. Bull calf 7 mos. old, very
fine. Angus herd bull 6 mos. old, a
verv fine animal. Lot of I grade bull
calves. 1 15-16 grade bull calf. Sev-
eral nice I and I grade heifers 1 year
old. These grade calves look like
thoroughbred Angus, and will please
the most fastidious. 1 five year old
Shorthorn cow with bull calf at foot,
by our Reg. Angus Bull, a fine family
milk cow; quality's perfect. A splen-
did family milk cow 4 years old. Will
drop a calf in April next, by our Angus
bull. A splendid location for a saw
mill. Timber to last 3 years or longer
one-half mile from the railroad.

W. M. W ATKINS & SONS,
Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va.

ANGUS CATTLE,

^-==1- THE WORLDS

^M sInN- beef market

£^SX 'Top Notehers" for 15

■»^\ years. Good Pedigree.

fto\ Breeding and Individual

II- merit our aim. Young

|;S Stock for Sale.

JOHN T. and Q. B.
. , MANLOVE, Hilton

■gJgTHOtttjK Indiana.

ANGUS BULL CALVES

SIRED BY THE
Champion Bull BARON IDA.

These calves are choice individuals.

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS.
Sire and dam prize winners.
WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

FOR SALE— 2 Registered Bulls, calved
Dec. 17th, 1902, and Aug. 28th, 1903.

BerKshire Pig's,

(Biltmore Strain.)
farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to
L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

ROSEDALE HERD

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle-

c holce bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of berd and correspondence Invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, J««.r»onton,
Va.

CULTIVATING AND WEEDING
FIELD CROPS.

We believe the Keystone Adjustable
Weeder, which is advertised in these
columns, has a larger beneficial use on
growing crops than many very good
farmers believe. Its purpose is to de-
stroy weeds which start quickly on the
soil's surface, at their first showing, at
the same time mellowing and culti-
vating the soil for the benefit of the
crop. Many might fear that destroy-
ing the weeds would at the same time
destroy the crop. This does not follow.
Exactly the opposite is the truth. The
crop is deeper rooted than the young
weed, and whatever disturbance there
is tends to its better "stooling out," re-
sulting in many cases in an increase
in product of from 25 per cent, to 40
per cent. This Keystone Weeder has
the popular Hallock Fat Tooth, and is
manufactured under license. An im-
portant feature about the tool is its
adjustability. Primarily, it is intended
for work in sowed crops, as grains
and grasses. As such, it has a width
of 7% feet, but it is only the work of
a moment to narrow it down to 30
inches, when it becomes an unsur-
passed weeder and cultivator for work
between the rows of corn, beans, pota-
toes, etc. It is manufactured by the
Keystone Farm Machine Company, of
York, Pa., who will be glad to send de-
scriptive matter and full information
to any one writing for it.

SPRAYING PAYS.
Readers of Southern Planter are
coming more and more every year to
recognize the value of spraying, not
only for fruits, but for vegetables,
melons, tobacco and other crops. If
one has the right solution, any sprayer
is better than none at all, but when
one considers that the cheapest lasts
only a little time, and costs almost
as much as the best sprayer, it will be
seen that there is no economy in buy-
ing sprayers of doubtful quality. One
of the most complete lines of sprayers
for all purposes is made by Morrill &
Morley, of Benton Harbor, Mich., who
are advertising elsewhere in this issue.
This firm was engaged in the actual
growing of fruit before they embarked
in the spraying business, so that their
goods are eminently practical, and will
do all that they claim and that any one
will expect. We can recommend the
firm and the line to our readers. If
interested in this subject, as every
farmer ought to be, write to-day for
their catalogue, which will be gladly
sent you if you mention having seen
their ad. in this paper.

Mother — I hope that young man
never kisses you by surprise?

Daughter — No, mamma; he only
thinks he does.

Be sure you are right — then, Instead
of sitting down and thinking it over —
go ahead!

REGISTERED

IMMUNE HEREFORDS.

Sale of 60 head at AUBURN, ALABAMA.
February 17, UM.

Under the management and auspice* of the
Alabama State Experiment Btatloa. TWl
consignment Is a pick of four of the boot
herds In Kentucky. Bulls and Females of
ages to suit all. IMMUNE to Southern fever
by INOCULATION.

For particulars and Illustrated catalogue*
address GILTNER BROS., Eminence Ky., or
Auburn, Ala.

We have a choice lot of cows, bolls and
heifers for sale at our KentuckyFarip*.
Prices are reasonable. Write a* before »«y-
lng elsewhere.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We are now offering some choice young
Bulls of the following breeds:

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus.

Write at once for pedigrees and prices.

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

»

Has for sale a large num-
ber of nlce^oung regis-
tered A.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, «5;
Heifers, same age, *S5. POLAND CHINA
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop." Battlebero. N. C.

I OFFER'

2 Reg. Ayrshire Bulls,

One 10 mos. old PRICK, M0.O0.

One comings yrs. old PRICE, S65.00.

Low considering Quality.
Registered and high gTade HAMPSHIREDOWN
S HE B P of best breeding. Rams. Ewes and
Lambs for sale. Stock and Prices will suit.

J. D, THOriAS, Round Hill Va.
Meadow Brook Stock Farm.

FOR SALE.

3 Aberdeen-Angus Heifers,

Bred from Hero of Bunker Hill, 31462.
All three good individuals.

J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clemtllle, W. Vi.

AN6US & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

^Registered and grades, of all ages
land sexes, and of champion blood
Ifor the beef and milk strains and
lat moderate prices Also Nnreery

latock of all descriptions.

MYER & SON, Bridgevllle, Delaware.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

129

nORSETSANDHEREFORDS.

S*a« Exuptlooilly Rare Barialm to Quick Bnyen.
My herd bull, ball calves and Dorset

bucks. Registered stock.
M. AWM8TRONC, UNTZ MILLS. V»-

Woodvale DORSETS.

Good January 1903 Rams FOR

SALE— cheap.

FRANK ELLSWORTH,

R. P. D. No. 4., Charlottesville, Vs.

...Woodland Farm.

DORSET SHEEP,

Beardless Spring Barley,

Choice Alfalfa Seed.

J. E. WING & BROS.. Mechanicsburg, 0.

Arjshlres, Berkshlres and Oxford-Downs.

Aynhlre Calves of both kin, Berkshire
Plffs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Itama for
•ale. MELROSE CASTLE FARM,

Bnoe H. Hesa, Manager, Casanova, Va.

MQ95 NEW IMUSER RIFLES FROM GOVT. ARMORY

"■* .^i.WlJJ. .JS^^g^^' »T> — -■=**■ — >

i. h* ..* ■■ oror S 1

ftWi/h V* ll

„jtt. WetgbtS]
IMt r« BH*>. C.O.D. bfclano* *I0.i
Caliber *m /m. Cartrldir*! 13.00 per ■<■ -. mnoi n

"EST Mail POWHfREPEATINQ RIFLE "N THE WORLD.

I O E!

Gibson Liquid Lice Killer killB all lice and
mites or. Fowls. Cattle, Hogs and Horses.
Easily applied and guaranteed to kill the lice
or money refunded. Gallon can $1.00. Liberal
terms to dealers and agents. Write to-day
'or prices and circulars.

GIBSON & LAMB, West Alexander, Pa.

The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

The Link Connecting the
Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R. ,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.
Between all Points via Richmond, Va.
Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Washington. Baltimore, Philadelphia,
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo,
and all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager.

EMILY'S CHARGE.
A Serial Tale by Mary Washington.

chapter VIII.

In order to explain to our readers
Dr. Gordon's abrupt departure, we will
have to go back and givs an account
of some episodes in his early life.
When in his teens, he had a boyish
love affair with his cousin, Lucy
Gordon. Their fathers were brothers
and were neighbors, the families, of
course, intimate, the estates contigu-
ous, and the immemorial custom in
Virginia was for cousins to marry. In
short, everything seemed to pave the
way to the match and point to its de-
sirability. The engagement, formed
in their early teens, ran on till they
had reached a mature age, and would
have been consummated ere now but
for reverses that had befallen Ellis'
father, of late years, whilst his uncle,
who was a shrewder and more success-
ful business-man, had become very
prosperous, and thus there had arisen
a disparity between fortunes of Lucy
and Ellis which, at the outset, had
been about equal. It was a matter
both of pride and principle with Ellis
not to take a bride — even a wealthy
one — until he could support her; so it
was understood between him and Lucy
that they were not to be married till
he could support her by his practice, in-
dependent of anything she might
possess. Both of them were very well
satisfied with this arrangement. They
did not have that ardent affection for
each other that made them feverishly
impatient for the time of probation to
be over, nor that deep and continual
longing for each other's presence that
makes separation a trial to those who
love. They were fond of each other
rather as brother and sister than as
lovers. Their betrothal bad been en-
tered into when they were very young,
and was brought about more by con-
tact and by the furtherance of friends
and relatives than by their own de-
liberate choice. The only perturbation
that had ever ruffled the course of their
wooing was produced by some con-
scientious scruples aroused in Lucy's
mind about marrying a first cousin,
while she was being educated in the
convent in Georgetown, a school very
popular for young girls in Virginia.
even in Protestant families. Like
most young girls who go there, Lucy
fell very much under Roman Catholic
influences — so much so as to make her
waver not only in her allegiance to the
Protestant Church, but to Ellis — in
view of the strong opposition the
Catholic Church offers to the marriage
of first cousins; but when she returned
home, old habit and the memories and
associations of her early years re-
asserted their sway, and she made no
move to untie the bond between Ellis
and herself.

Though far from being an impas-
sioned lover, he had a tranquil affec-

Life. Accident, Liability and Health Insurance.

54th -Annual Statement

(Condenscili

/Etna Life Insurance Co.,

HARTFORD, CONN.

MORGAN G. BULKELEY. President.

The Leading Insurance Company In New Eng-
gland. and the Largest In the World Writing
Life, Accidem, Liability and Health Insur-
ance.

Assets. Jan. 1, 1901 $68,155,179.01

Premium receipts in 1903 11,733,253.87

Interest receipts in 1903. 2.825,820.69

Total receipts in 1903.... 14,558,874.56

Payments to Policy hold
ers in 1903 6,562,153.05

Legal Reserve on Poli-
cies, and all claims... 60,287,077.10

Special Reserve in addi-
tion to Reserve above
srjven 2,186,188.00

Life Insurance issued and

revived in 1903 33.087,131.00

Life Insurance in force

Jan. 1, 1904 225,765.843.00

Accident Insurance in
force Jan. 1. 1904 208,617.238.00

Guarantee Fund in ex-
cess of Requirements
by Company's Stand-
ard 5,681.913.91

Guarantee Fund in ex-
cess of Legal Require-
ments 7.S57.944.55

Paid Policy Holders Since Organization,

$138,946,137.01.

Great Gains in Business During I903.

Increase in Assets $4,661,633.28

Increase in Excess Guar-
antee Fund 1 81.412.S6

Increase in Premium In-
come 1508.992.94

Increase in Total In-
rome 1.742,074.47

Increase in Life Insur-
ance Issued 2.597.293.00

Increase in Life Insur-
ance in Force 12,002,866.00

Increase in Accident In-
surance in Force 9.067.034.00

W. H. HARDWICKE. General Agent Life De-
partment. 7 N I Oth St.

J B. ilOORE, Jr., General Agent Accident
and Liability, 1103 E. /lain St..

RICHnONO, VA.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. i-. M«SSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth. $1.00: Paper. 60c.

We offer this splendid work in connec-
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following pri.-es:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.25.

Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c.
Old or mew aubicrtptloni.

130

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

tion (or Lucy, and never felt their
betrothal to be a fetter until he came
to know Emily. When he first saw th«
latter, he f«lt strongly attracted to-
ward her. She and her young sister
seemed to form together such a lovely
vision of peace, purity and sweet young
womanhood. Later, when he met and
talked with Emily at the dancing
party, he felt so powerfully drawn to-
ward her, so delighted and startled at
hearing her express thoughts and sen-
timents that seemed like the voice of
his inner heart, that he began to think
It would be better for his honor and
peace of mind to keep away from her;
and, therefore, on calm reflection, he
decided that it would be wiser for
him not to call at the cottage, though
he had requested permission to do so.
When Alice was taken in, however,
there could be no question as to the
duty — nay, the necessity of bis going
there. He went, and the results of
close attendance and Intimacy at the
cottage, we have already described.
He struggled against his love for
Emily as soon as he became clearly
conscious of it. Hampered as he was
by another tie, it occasioned him ter-
rible inward conflicts. For days and
weeks he had an inward tribunal, ar-
raigning and judging himself, and try-
ing to decide what was right. One day.
glancing over Tennyson's "Elaine."
his eyes fell on the lines:

"His honor, rooted In dishonor stood,
And faith unfaithful, kept him
falsely true."

"That would apply to me," he ex-
claimed, 'If I were to go through the
hollow form of making Lucy my wife
T would do a terrible wrong and in
justice both to her and myself to
marrv her, feeling as T now do. I
had better tell her the truth, even if
it inflict some temporary pain and
humiliation, rather than take a false
sfen that would make us both unhappy
for life."

The more he thought over the mat-
ter, tho mnrn be became convinced that
this was the right course. He thought
it best not to see Emilv again whilp
things were in this unsettled state.
He had no idea whether she returned
his feeling or not. and. of course,
would make no effort, as long as he
was hound even nominally to Lucy:
hence his abrupt dpparture. without
taking leave of Emily.

By a strange coincidence, he was
summoned to go to Lucv almost simul-
taneously with bis decision to take the
Journey. A telegram from Lucy ar-
rived lust as he was starting, asking
him to come to her at once, as her
father was very ill. Arrived at his
destination, he found that his uncle,
who had been in feeble health for some
time had be°n precipitated into a fatal
attack of paralvsis bv sudden business
failure, and Lucv, reduced to poverty
and bereaved of her father, threw her-
self into Ellis' arms, sobbing out,

DR. A. C. DANIELS^^-

f-. Can save you Money, save your Horse,
^ save your Mule or save your Cow. »

Home Treatment for Horses and Cattle.

Sick and Lime Horses Made Well. Weak Cows Made Strong. Better Breeders and Milkers-
Book for the asking of your druggist or dealer, or send to

m DR. A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, MASS.

Mention the Planter

THE. - OAKS - STOCtt - TARM.

We breed and ship the best strains of

L^ ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and get the best.
^■■is^s""- "A. W. BARMAN, Jr., Uiiitton, Va. "

A Large Registered English Bsrkshirt Boar,
1V2 years old, «xtra fine specimen FOR SALE. fjM
Write for price.

HILL TOP STOCK FARM.

■A SPECIALTY-

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. 8.
Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man-
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm,
with increased facilities, will make a

specialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, without regard to cost,

from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood.

My Berkshire: pigs

For this Spring delivery will weigh 100 poumli at 12 weeks of age, and for INDI-
VIDUAL MERIT cannot be excelled in the United States. They will make ihow
hogs against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. The last of
my Fall anil winter pigs have been sold, and orders will only be taken for Spring
delivery. S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S. Hamilton & Co.)

BERftSHIRES.

SEE WHAT MY CUSTOMERS SAY :

B. P. Van Horn, Toyalo. Texas, just
a little ways from old Mexico, says: "I
have already made cost of my pigs in
outside service of boar."

This was just a few weeks after
shipment.

W. W. Cornelius, of Blue Springs, Miss., bought four In December,
writes: '"Am delighted; can certainly give you a good name in Mississippi."
W. P. Hubert, Crawfordsville, Ga.: "Pigs arrived safely, and I am well
pleased."

R. L. Kirkwood, Bennettsville. S. C. writes: "Delighted."
T. M. Arrasmith, Greensboro, N. C. says he got much better value than
he expected.
R. Broughton. Oxford, N. C, is delighted.

P. H. Rudd, Mariner's Harbor, Staten Island, N. Y.. has bought a whole
herd from me, and is making money as a breeder now. These are just a few
scattering letters received in last few days out of thousands that I have re-
ceived. North Carolina alone can show at least a thousand of my pigs, and
every purchaser happy. I am one of the oldest DIRECT importers in the
United States, and own one of the finest and largest herds. If you want to
try a novice in the business, I am not the man.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

131

"You are all that is left me in the
world."

It would be difficult to imagine a
more cruel and difficult position than
the one in which Ellis Gordon now
found himself, nor a greater compli-
cation of conflicting duties. The
situation in which he found Lucy
seemed to deprive him of the power of
acting in freedom and of taking the
step which he was convinced would
save them both from life-long unhap-
piness. But when the orphan girl, the
betrothed of his early years, threw
herself into his arms, exclaiming, "You
are all that is left me in the world,"
his fate seemed sealed. It was impos-
sible to say now to this clinging, trust-
ing, desolate young girl what he had
intended saying, if he had found her, as
he had expected, in the enjoyment of a
father's love and protection and of
abundant property.

For the first few days after his arri-
val all were taken up with performing
the last sad offices for the departed, so
Dr. Gordon did not realize as fully, as
he did later, the cruel dilemma in
which he was placed; but when the
household had settled down into quiet
again, he sank into a sort of gloomy
apathy. He was no longer disturbed
by perplexity, for his fate seemed
sealed. He was so hedged in there was
no alternative. He could not release
himself from Lucy in her affliction and
poverty. One thing was clear, how-
ever. If he was to marry her, he must
never again look on Emily; so he set
about making arrangements to go to a
new place. He had a restless longing
to go off somewhere to a great dis-
tance and be alone. He thought he
might grow calmer, after awhile, when
away from agitating influences, and
might become better prepared to ex-
tend to Lucy that brotl erly kindness
and protection which were all it was
in his power to give. He felt the
necessity of quickly getting to work,
lest he should stagnate in his unhappi-
ness. Listless and moody, he felt that
the spring of hope and joy had gone
out of him; still he felt eager to re-
sume his work, partly from the rest-
lessness of unhappiness and partly
from his native energy and love of his
profession, which could not be quench-
ed by any personal pain or disappoint-
ment.

Lucy was dimly conscious that some-
thing was wrong, but she was too
much grieved by her father's death
to notice this as much as she would
have done under ordinary circum-
stances. Besides, as Ellis had never
been an ardent or demonstrative lover,
it did not seem strange he should not
be so now. He was, however, always
considerate of her, gentle and gravely
kind; and, more than this, it was im-
possible for her to be.

He wrote to a friend, who had gone
a few years before to the West, asking
if there was any opening for him at
the place where his friend had settled.

Selling Out at Almost Butchers' Prices

50 HEAD OF

POLAND-CHINAS

of the best strain, out of son of Proud Per-
fection, who sold at $7,000.00.

Boars, ready for service - $8.00.
Gilts, 5 mos. and over - - - $8.00.

Greatest bargain ever offered, worth three times
the price asked. Entire herd to be sold immedi-
ately— none reserved. Owner compelled to dispose
of herd owing to other business interests elsewhere.
Will sell single animals, or in lots to suit purchaser.
Send money order or draft with order. Orders will
be filled in the order in which they are received.

Address BULLFIELD FARMS, Doswell. Va.

POLAND

CHINAS.

I have a limited number of pigs by
my fine, boars Gray's Big Chief, 57077; GRAY'S Bid CHIEF, 87077.

and Victor G, 57075, and can furnish pairs not akin or related to those previously
purchased. Young boars and sows of all ages. Send to headquarters and get the
best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in this State at one-half
Western prices. Address J. ■• GRAY, Fred«ricksbur£, Va.

R^toed POLAND-CHINAS.

Pigs bred from some of the best strains
in America. The Kind That Grow Large.
Fine individuals.

Black ninorcas & B. P. Rock Chickens, y,
Prices reasonable. Write for further par
ticulars. W. M. JONES Crofton, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern PUmtrr.

132

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Receiving a fairly encouraging reply,
he hastened to resign his former posi-
tion and start for the West. When he
left Lucy, it was with the understand-
ing that they were to be married a
year hence, and meantime she was to
remain in charge of a widowed aunt in
Georgetown — a relative to whom Lucy
was much attached.

FERTILIZER CHEMICALS.

The prices quoted below are those
at which the goods can be purchased
in lots of one ton and over, in original
packages, delivered f. o. b. cars at New
York city, and are for cash.

In all cases carload lots of any one
of the materials can be purchased for
less money, and, if possible, farmers
should combine and order in not less
than carload lots.

AMMOXIATES.

Per ton.

Xttrate of Soda— Packed in bags
weighing about 200 lbs., and
containing 15 to 16 per cent, ni-
trogen $45 00

Dri^ef Blood — Packed in bags
weighing about 200 lbs. and
analyzing about 10 per cent, ni-
trogen 40 00

Tankage — Containing about 7 to
8 per rent, nitrogen and 20 to 25
per cent, phosphoric acid. . . 35 00

Sulphate of Ammonia — Contain-
ing about 20 per cent, nitro-
gen 65 00

POTASHES.

Karate of Potash— This material
contains both potash and nitro-
gen in a highly concentrated
form, analzing 45 to 46 per cent
actual potash and 13 to 14 per
cent, nitrogen 70 00

Muriate of Potash — Containing
about 50 per cent of actual pot-
ash, packed in 224 lb. bags 41 00

Sulphate of Potash— Containing
48 to 49 per cent, actual potash
packed in 224 lb. bags .... '46 00

Kainit— Containing 11 to 12 pe--
cent. actual potash 12 00

PHOSPHATES

Peruvian Guano— A natural ma-
nure, free from all acid treat-
ment, and eontaininc about 4
per cent, ammonia. 4 per cent
actual potash, and 23 per cent
'otal phosphoric acji, in "on ]n
h*gs 30 00

Acid Phosphate — Contr.ining 14
per cent avail, pho-ph-ric acid
and packed in 200 lb. bag* i« m

Bone Meal— Containing about 3
Per cent, nitrosen ard 50 per
cent, bone phosphate nf ijme. «5 0n

Four
of the

Famous _

vorkers that have made the Iron Agr line of farm and garden implements
known all over the continent. You can make more money this year than last
If you will decide now to let them help you. Look at the good points of

Iron Age Implements

l»pr«*e4.Rftbbt»B

Aft*

Figure out how much time, work, seed, fertill- nwrbniciiU'iur. A

ler. Ac. vou might save with a very small

outiav, bv buying Iron Age implements.

thev have won their way by bon-

>rforman«of every promise.

Write for free book.

LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS

THE COMING BACON BREED—
THE MOST PROLIFIC BREED—

48 pigs from four litters, ready for December delivery — our Fall
prices always the lowest.

INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl.

WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers.

WHITE WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also

JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but-
ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days.

BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va.

young heiress called

There was 1
Rooker.

And the lawyer named L-ike tried to
hook" her;
But the heiress wa= shrewd,

Though her question was rude

"Do you look at my looks, Luke or
lucre?"

"BRED-IN -THE- PURPLE.'

-«- ID XT 3>T T K 3B .A- T IE£ -

BERKSH I RES.

THE VERY BEST— The whole story In three words!

A limited number of young stock for immediate shipment.
Farmer's winter prices for February. Orders booked now
from Spring farrow?. Money cannot buy better stock.

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, Richmond, Va.

**«" positively guarantee to breed
and ship the VKKY BE>T grains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S . the superiority of our
stock considered Send us vour order

and we will satisfy you both in price -^

and stock

WALTER B. FLEMING.

Proprietor ol the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreiton. N. C.

When correepondln* with Mr adrcrtUen always mention the

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 133

BILTMORE FARMS

Annual Brood Sow Sale,

FEBRUARY 9, 1904.

70 - Head of Imported Large English Berkshires - 70.

Our 1903 Importation will be offered at unreserved auction on
the Farms, Col. R. R. Bailey, Auctioneer; sale held under cover.

65 Selected Brood Sows all guaranteed safe in pig to the greatest English

and American boars.
5 Selected Boars, including champion boar, English Royal.

All either prize winners themselves or bred by prize winners.

This offering has been selected without reserve; without limit as to price, and is from the herds of
the leading English breeders, such as Edney Hayter, R. W. Hudson, His Royal Highness, Prince Chris-
tian, and C. C. Smith, Philo L. Mills, J. A. Fricker, etc., and will be sold absolutely without any re-
serve price, if only one bid is made.

INDIVIDUAL MERIT. Visiting breeders who have recently inspected the offering unite in the ver-
dict that no such collection of Berkshire Brood sows has ever been gathered together at any one place, or
can be found in any other breeding establishment. They have even more size and uniformity of type
than our last importation, good as that was, and in addition the greatest possible care has been taken to
exclude all that did not indicate the best of constitution and feet; early maturity, extra finish and style
combined with good heads, backs and hams. In short, they are the kind that cannot be found every day,
and that we confidently expect will be approved of in the sale ring by the expert judge and will well
repay both our efforts and the investment of time and money for the breeder to secure.

BLOOD LINES. Only the best of the tested reproducing English families are represented. These
we have proven here for many years, and have given great results in the hands of other American breed-
ers, and they are families which are producing the winners for many years at the leading English Shows.
They are not the results of any experiments which we do not wish to try here or induce our patrons to try.
Among the prominent families are those of The Huntress. Loyal Berks, Handley Cross, Eirst Catch E.,
through Majior Eavorite, Swansea, Blenheim, Rubicel. through Queen of Hearts, Eirst Rank E., High-
clere Topper and His Majesty. Ten great boars, which include the Champion at the English Royal,
also the Champion at the Pan-American, and many other prize winners will be used on these sows, se-
lected to nick to produce the best litters that many years' experience with these blood lines indicate.

CATALOGUE will be ready for mailing early in January. MAIL BIDS will be carefully and con-
scientiously treated by the Farms ; or, if selection of an outside expert is wished, write Mr. Geo. W.
•Tessup, Rockville, Ind., who has kindly consented to act in this capacity.

SPECIAL RAILROAD RATES of one and one-third fares for the round trip can be secured from all
points north of the Ohio and west of the Mississippi rivers by calling for Winter Tourist's Tickets to
Asheville (11 miles from the Farms). For further particulars address

.BILTMORE FARMS, Biltmore, N. C.

134

TKB SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

THE BILTMORE SALE.

The 7,000 edition of the Biltmore
Farms Catalogue of their fourth an-
nual sale of large imported English
Berkshire brood sows (all guaranteed
6afe in pig to one of their great boars)
has been mailed out to all breeders,
and a few reserved for those who will
send a postal card for one.

The boars they have been bred to in-
clude Loyal Lee II., of Biltmore, a
Loyal Berks-Longfellow boar, cham-
pion of America and gold medal boar
of Pan-American; Danesfield Warrior,
first and champion English Royal
Show, 1902, and many others, and he is
included in the sale; The Duke (im-
ported), a Highclere-Parish-Council-
Minting boar; Danesfield Hunter and
Huntsman, both imported and in the
6ale, and of the richest breeding, being
by a son of Manor Favorite and out
of Danesfield Huntress (in the sale
also), a winner of first and reserve
for the champion at the Royal at Som-
erset and Tunbridge Wells; first and
champion at Central Buckingham-
shire, and second at Peterborough and
Oxford. She is also the dam of
Danesfield Governess and Mistress,
two great winners; and, finally, she is
out of the Huntress, the head of the
remarkable family. To mention the
choice sows in the offering, that for
quality and breeding cannot be dupli-
cated as an offering of exceptional high
quality, would be to name nearly every
one. They are by boars that are house-
hold words with the best English
breeder, Faithful Commons, that best
eon of Loyal Berks Commons, a High-
clere boar, also in the sale; a Danes-
field Loyal, by Loyal Berks, and out of
a Sallie Sow, Lisle Grand Duke, the
most prominent winner of 1903, beat-
ing the Royal Champion (who sold
for $550.00) at the Royal Comtes; and,
finally, the Highclere Topper boar,
Handley Cross, sire of the winning pen
of sows at the Royal, 1903, are a few.

We must not close without calling
attention to these, also included in the
6ale: Their dam is equally well bred,
being Stratton Polly B. making the
three sows Windsor Royal Winner I.,
II,. and III., full sister to the sow
winning first and reserve for the cham-
pion at the Royal of 1903. Another full
page could be filled easily with the
winnings of other full sisters and near
relations. Purchasers at former salee
who remember the Individuality of the
produce of Queen of Hearts, Rubicel
Sow, will mark with interest that four
of her daughters, by Lisle Grand
Duke are Included in the offering.
They are showing great development,
and many tempting offers at private
sale have been refused them, and a
great future is assured for' them in
the right hands, either as show ani-
mals or foundation stock, for, In com-
mon with all the offering, they are
' tried and producing strains.

Nitrate of Soda

(The Standard Ammoniate)

to an acre of Timothy. From this acre he made 4,800 pounds barn-cured
hay more than from an acre next to it, which had no nitrate. That pays.

This illustration is from a photograph of the two fields.

I want a farmer in every county in the United States to make a similar
trial on a measured plot of meadow. I will furnish the Nitrate of Soda.

ABSOLUTELY FREE

if the farmer will use it as I direct and report actual results of the trial to me.
My object is simply to collect and publish information about the value
of Nitrate »f Soda on hay production in every locality.

; Send name and complete address on Post Card for instruc-
tions, conditions and Bulletins on Grass and other Crops.

WILLIAM S. MYERS. Director, 12-16 Joha Street, New York.

F
O
R

S
A

L
E

BERKSHIRE PIGS

Fiom the herd where they grow to 200 pounds at 6 months. Trio, $26.
A few JERSEY BULL CALVES from cows making 360 to 400 lbs.
butter per year. If you wish to Improve your herds, better buy your
stock here.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville, - - Virginia.

Orv1<r»»lttio

IT PAYS TO DEHORN.

Thu best cit homer, ino

iniiiiu and (-anient to u

four Fides at

't,ir

Hornless cowb give more milk
Hornless steers make better beef.

uthuc Keystone Dehorning Knllm

\wHbooton:shlnirnr tirnlslniT. Hifhestawardntworld'sfMr.

ir.-.t Budtbrdrcrilan. M. T. PH

Isine. Hi

LLIPS,

Box 45 . POMEROY. PA

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

135

REPORTS.
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C. Annual Re
ports Department of Agriculture
1903. Report of the Secretary- De-
partmental. Ask your Senator or
Congressman to send you a copy
of this report. It is full of inter-
esting information.

Bureau of Soils. Field Operations
1902. Fourth report with maps of
sections investigated. The Alhe
marie area in Virginia and the
Hickory and Mount Mitchell areas
in North Carolina are included in
this report.

Report No. 75 Indian Corn in Argen-
tina— Production and export.

Office of Experiment Stations. Ex-
periment Station Record Vol. XV,
No. 5.

Bureau of Statistics. Wages of
farm labor in the U. S. 1S66-1902.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 183. Meat on
the Farm. Butchering. Curing,
Keeping.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 184. Market-
ing Live Stock.

Crop Reporter. December. 1903. Sup-
plement and January, 1904.
Columbus Horticultural Society, Co-
lumbus, O. Journal of the Socie-
ty, December. 1903.
Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-
burg. Va.. Bulletin 141. Orchard
Studies XIV. The Lime Sulphur
Wash.
Virginia Weather Service, Richmond,

Va. Report for December.
Impl. Department Agriculture for the
West Indies, Barbadoes. W. I. Ag-
ricultural News. January 2, 1903.

PAMPHLETS. BOOKS. ETC.

Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meet-
ing of the Georgia State Horticul-
tural Society. .Aus-ust. 190". Hugh
N. Starnes. Secretary. Experi-
ment, Ga.

American Breeders' Association. Pro-
ceedings of first annual meeting
St. Louis, Mo., December 20, 1903.
This is a new organization of an-
imal and plant breeders of which
the Hon. James Wilson. Secretary
of Agriculture, is president and
W. M. Hays, of St. Anthony Park,
Minn., is Secretary of the Council.
The ob.iect of the Association is
stated by the constitution to be
"To study the laws of breeding
and to promote the improvement
cf nlants and animals by the de-
velopment of expert methods of
breeding."

Union Stock Yard and Transit Com-
pany, of Chicago. 38th annual Live
Stock Report for 1903.

An Unappreciated Source of Typhoid
Infection. Bv P. B. Barringer. M.
D.. of Charlottesville Va.

CATALOGUES.
The Bateman Manufacturing Com-
pany. Grenloch, .N J., makers of
the celebrated Iron Age Farm and

DAN PATCH 1:56*4
THE FASTEST HARNESS HORSE in the WORLD

BE HOLDS THE FOLLOWING WORLD RECORDS:

Mile Record 1:66), Half. Mite Record 0:51)

Mil. Record to rTason, . . - 1:575. Mile Record on llnlf-Rlle Tract, • -:03J,

Mile Record to High Wheel Sulky, - n:04J$ Two.Mlle Record 4:17

DAN PATCH HOLDS BORE WORLD RECORDS THAN ANY HORSE THAT HAS EVER LITED.

IN TWO YEARS DAN PATCH HAS PACED TEN MILES FROM 2:00 FLAT TO 1:66J<.

IN TWO YEARS DAN PATCH HAS PACED TWENTY-TWO INI IS IN 2:01 3* TO 1:.6J..

DAN PATCH PACED SLEVEN MILEi IN 1903 THAT AVERAGED 1:59 4-11 AND WAS

SHIPPED 10,000 MILES DI RINO THIS TIME FROM JUNE TO DEC.

|S~DAN PATCH SOLD FOR <60,000 IN 1902 AND IB NOW VALUED AT 1150,000.

HIS BEAUTIFUL o^oreo PICTURE FREE

PRINTED IN SIX BRILLIANT COLORS

DESCRIPTION. We are owners of tt.li World-Famaua Stallion and have gotten out a nagnlSeeat Colored
Lilhoiirapliof Dan Patch ltWJf, printed in 9B~ Six Brilliant Colors and Size 21 by 28. Dan Patch iBunWarsally
acknowledged tu lie a most wonderful horse, and with his combined qualities of champ ian speed, good breading,
try kind disposition the opinion is freely expressed by horsemen that«3~He 1. Tha Creates! Sial-

linn Thai Has Ever

This beautiful Picti
Complete. It make

Appeared On Earth. Agricultural Colleges send to Mi for hit _

Contains a Complete Record of All Hie Races ODd Fast Miles so that you ha'
very fine picture for framing as it is Free From Advertising. Thisangra-

:■■ ■

.E. McH.
ture wj will send you is a large reproductii
s hone picture ever published of a marvelous ho:
i demand is tremendous and o?er Two Milli

in Patch e

of tha abore enr

Every Jo

IT WILL be MAILED to YOU FREE »•* Postage Prepaid

IF YOU ANSWER THESE « QUESTION8--AT ONCE.

1st .— H.i« Much Slock Of AH Kli.di Do Yen Own. I 2nd.— Name Paper la Which Yo« Saw Villa Offer.

•WPictnro will No* be mailed unlees you answer quettionB.'^t,

I ^cSS P.°a irggSSS^ A-™ INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., .iB^ff

% Are Owned Rt INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO.

, Fat "Ineraational Stack Faod*' E.ery Day.

JT DAN PATCH 1:56 "4', DIRECTUM 2:05^, ROY WILKES .
sy Our Stallloas. Brood Haras, Cull a. Cattle, Heirs,

Jersey, Guernsey and Shorthorn

Young stock registered in their respective Herd books, for sale. The SHORT
HORNS are bred and owned by a neighbor, and are in our hands for sale. A
number of young BERKSHIRE SOWS due early in the year. BARRED PLY-
MOUTH ROCKS, S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS, a few BRONZE TURKEYS, TOU-
LOUSE GEESE and PEKIN DUCKS. All of above ready for delivery.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

136

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Garden Implements. These im-
plements have been so long In use
that their special fitness to do the
work intended is recognized
everywhere. Each year the com-
pany introduces some new feature
into some one or more tools and
their long experience guarantees
that this meets a needed want.
The catalogue, is a very full and
complete one and will be found
useful to every trucker and farm-
er. The catalogue will be sent
free on application. Mention
Southern Planter.

Peter Henderson Co.. Cortlandt St..
New York. Everything for the
Garden. The catalogue is got up
in the firm's well known fine style
and ought to be in the hands of
every lover of a garden.

J. M. Thornburn & Co.. New Vork,
Seedsmen, 103rd successive an-
nual catalogue of High Class
Seeds. One of the oldest if not the
oldest seed house in the country.
Their specialty is high class
seeds. Not the cheapest but the
best.

S. U Allen & Co.. Philadelphia. Pa.,
makers of the celebrated Planet.
Jr.. Farm and Garden Implements.
These implements comprise every
variety of hoes, cultivators and
drills and will be found the best
adapted tools for working a gar-
den or truck patch which can be
had.

Johnson & Stokes. Philadelphia. Pa..

Seedsmen. This well known house
issues a very nice catalogue which
they describe as "A Modest Cata-
logue with honest descriptions and
'llustraWons." A6 the pictures
are from protographs this may
well be true.

W. F. Allen. Salisbury. Mr., Straw-
berry Catalogue. Mr. Allen is one
of the largest strawberry growers
in the East.

Rateklns Seed House, Shenandoah.
Iowa. This is a reliable Western
seed house, handling Iowa grown
seeds.

J. G. Harrison & Sons. Nurserymen.
Berlin, Md.

Alexander Seed Co., Broad St., Au-
gusta, Ga-. Se.eds. Garden and
Field Implements.

J. W. Jones & Son. Allen. Md.. Straw-
berry plants. A well known East-
ern grower of eood plants.

.Tas. Vioks Sons. Rochester. N. Y..
Seedsmen. Garden and Floral
Guide.

Fourth Annual Berkshire Brood Sow
Sal». Biltmore Farms. Blltmore.
N. C. 64 sows and fi boars, the
J 903 importation of prize winning
large English Berkshires. The
.=alc takes place on the 9th Feb
ruary- 1904. All who want some
some of the best blood in the
world should attend this sale. All
will be 6old without reserve. The
name "Biltmore" Is a guarantee
that only the best will be offered.

DeLoach Saw IVIillH

Special for the Man with Light Power and Heavy Timber.
Cuts 2,000 to 10,000 Feet per Day. 4 to 20 h. p.

This Ponv Mil) is especially adapted to the use of thresher-
men who hare engines, enabling them to secure profitable all
winter employment when the threshing season is over.

We make All Styles

Sawmills from i

nd low-l

t capacity. A creat er-
■Habla Friction Drlva,
oulhem labor and
bar. Iron and -tool
anabta ua to make the best ttw mills for least
money of any manufacturer In the world.

ur Mill Machinery Line includes Bfains»u

ilia, rianem, Edjrrre. Trimmer?, Stare Mills, bath
Ills, Water Wheals. Portable Grinding Mills, Shaft-
Intr. etc- Ask for Saw Kill and General Machinery
.taiogue. Mailed free for the asking.

De Loach Mill Mfg. Co..

Box 600 Atlanta, Ga.

saa^miifcawanao *■■■' ■!■■»■■ ■■■■■■w* ■ ■H-n«i"» ■ m

Portable Saw Mills

wit* Engines and Sellers Cosselete.

Made In seren sizes, friction feed, cable
Lightning gig, patent chain set works i
improTed dogs. AJAX CENTER

• and

NK E.Nvn?E8 are constructed
especial reference to the peculiar
ork required of them. This com-
bination of engine and mill
makes the beat sawmill
outfit on earth.

A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd

York, Pa. «

Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter

fat. Stock of all ages for sale.

Reg. BERKSHIRES From noted ptrain8- Imported Headlight, Lord
^ Bighclere and Sunrise.

DORSET SHEEP —

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS,

N. A "W. and Southern R. R.

T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va.

SPECIAL BARGAINS IN HOLSTEIN=FRESIANS.

From a few montl6 to 1 rear old, from damstha t are large producers, aod with, etroeg.
official backing on both (Side*. Tbe sire Is half the herd: It is important that you a»t
the right one. We have that kind, and our prices are no higher than other* are asking.

LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHIRES, by such eires as Manor Faithful Imp., Esau Princeea
of Filston, by E3au Imp.. Fancy Duke, a double G. son of Loyal Berks. Address

URY stock farm, THOS. FASSIT & SONS. Sylmar, Hd.

1,000 BOYS WANTED

TO GROW CORN $200.00 ,N CASH PRIZES

OUR BIG TWENTIETH Annual Illustrated Catalog tells vou all about It. It also
glvea you full and accurate descriptions of all the seeds and crops that grow. All our
bttds are fresh and new; grown In 1903 and guamMc-d to grow. Our mail order prices,
postpaid, are cheaper than others sell same seeds at wholesale. The catalog, a fine af-
fair, mailed FREE to all who want U> buy seeds of any sort. If you only mention this
paper. AddresB.

RATEH.INS' SEED HOUSE, Shenandoah, Iowa.

1004.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

137

Mtv^^

Products Are Good

IT has recently been decided to spare from the Filston
herd of Jersey cattle a few fine young bulls not imme-
diately needed in the herd. Three of this group were
imported from the Island of Jersey, the rest are home bred
from the most celebrated strains of Island stock. This is
an unusual opportunity for breeders of Jerseys to head

their herds with the finest blood to be procured. The individuals for sale are as follows:

NOBLE NAME, 61427, A. J. C. C.

By Nobleman, winner of First over Jersey in '98 and Reserve over
Jersey in I 900, out of Golden Phenomenon, another noted Island win-
ner. Noble Name has 25 per cent Golden Lad blood by each parent.
Bred by A. J. Arthur, St. Ouen. Dropped March 27, 1901. Now
in his third year, and at the beginning of his usefulness.

GOLDEN FERN'S FOX, 62458, A. J. C. C.

Another grand young imported bull, a son of Flying Fox, sold to
Thomas W. Lawson in 1902 tor £7,500, and a grandson of Sultana
Rosette, one of the most famous cows ever produced on the Island.
Bred by Philip Le Mournat, St. Saviour. Dropped January 11, 1901.

GOLDEN PETER, 57426, A. J. C. C.

A bull of splendid breeding and of proved quality as a sire. His
pedigree traces twice to Golden Lad, and twice to Wolseley. Bred
by A. Le Gallais, St. Brelades. Dropped October 5, 1899.

le~

CEDARVALE GOLDEN HAMLEY, 63988, A.J. C. C.

A son of Golden Hamley, out of Mon Plaiair's Gold Beauty
His pedigree traces rive times to Golden Lad and includes many
brated Island Winners. Dropped December 3, 1901.

ST. HELIER'S GOLDEN GRAND.

A son of Golden Grand and a grandson of Golden Lad. A
beautiful young bull ot great promise. Dropped May 22, 1902.

BULL CALVES.

In addition to the above there are four young bull calves : one by
Flying Fox, one by Shy Fox, one by Fox's Foxhajl and one by Noble
Name, young animals of the choicest breeding and the most striking
individual merit.

Write for full information concerning any of the above.

Pedigrees with photographs will be forwarded on application.

HEIFER CALVES.

It has not hitherto been possible to secure heifer calves of Filston breeding, as it has been the

policy of the management to reserve all heifers for the home herd. It has now been decided to

spare a limited number from each year's increase. As this number is small, possible purchasers

should inquire at once as to breeding, prices, etc. Address

filston farm, glencoe, MARYLAND. GEO. A. SWARTWO UT, Manager.

Walter A. Wood Mowing and Reaping
Machine Company, Hoosick Falls,
N. Y. Catalogue giving full in-
formation as to the "New Cen-
tury" binder sold in this country
for the first time this year. Send
for this catalogue before buying
a machine. This machine has
given great satisfaction abroad
where thousands were used last
year.

The International Harvester Com-
pany of America. Chicago, 111.,
makers of the McCormick, Cham-
pion, Deering and Milwaukee Har-
vesting Machines. This company
sends us finely illustrated cata-
logues of their different machines.
All who contemplate buying a
mower, harvester, or binder should
send for these catalogues and com-
pare the merits and points of the
different makes before buying.

A roll of bills stopped a bullet which
•track a Chicago man in the breast,
thus saving his life. Yet there are
reckless people who will go right
ahead day after day without a roll of
bins ob faetr persons.

SUNNY HOME, HERD OF — ■■»"

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous
QAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd.

Females by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (sire of the highest
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of
females Royal Eric), Eulalies Eric 15568, (2nd prize yearling bull at World's
Columbian), Beau Bill 13637 (champion of the West for two years), Baron Ida
20184 (champion at N. Y. State Fair 1898), Baronet of Advia 1226 (by the
"Judge" champion of the world).

Families represented in the herd are Coquette, Queen Mother, Nosegay,
Westertown Rose, Old Rose of Advla, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd as
good breeding as any herd in America. The Individual animals in the herd
have been selected with tho one aim "quality'' in view. Come and see, or write
your order and let us guarantee a first-class animal.

Shipping point and depot, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. & W„ 24 miles S.-W. of
Danville, Va.

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS

FOR SALE.
"Eirery Bull a Show Bull."
The choicest lot of young bulls in Southwest Vir-
ginia, all out of prize winning families at low prices.
Do you want a bargain? If so, come and see us, or
Address W. P. ALLBN, Prop, of dim Allen Stock
Farm, Walnut Hill, Va.

138

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

MAGAZINES.

In the February number The Cen-
tury makes a new experiment in color
printing, giving two examples of
copies by the late J. Wells Champney
of famous pastels of the French
school, — one Madame Le Brun's por-
trait of herself and daughter, the other
Nattiers portrait of the Princess Ixm-
ise. Two other color pictures are by
Maxfield Parrish of "Roman Villas"
in the group of articles by Edith Whar-
ton now running in The Century. One
of the subjects is the famous Villa
Medici, with the dome of St. Peter's in
the distance.

What may be called the "battle of
the naturalists" is renewed by a paper,
the first of a group, by John Bur-
roughs on "Current Misconceptions in
Natural History," which includes an
unpublished letter on the subject by
President Roosevelt. Ernest Thomp-
son Seton continues his short sketches
under the name of "Fable and Wood
myth" John La Farge contributes t
paper with his own illustrations enti-
tled "A Fiji Festival" which includes
the Story of the War of the Fish Hook
as he heard it related during his visit
to the Fiji Islands. There is a sug-
K'stive article of practical use by Dr
Roger S. Tracy on "How to Live
Long," a narrative "In the Alps on a
Motor-Bicycle," by Joseph Pennell,
with pictures by the author, a paper
on "Bric-a-brac Auctions in New
York," by Albert Bigelow Paine, illus-
trated by Orson Lowell.

The fiction of the number includes
the fourth part of Mrs . Goodwin's
"Four Roads to Paradise." the second
part of Mr. Jack London's novel, "The
Sea-Wolf," in which the hero shows
something of the strenuous life of an
Alaskan sealer, and other shorter sto-
ries: "The Suicide: A Comedy" by
Anne Douglas Sedgwick, author of
"The Confounding of Camelia," etc.;
"Mrs. M'Lerie's Stuffed Birds" by J.
J. Bell, author of "Wee MacGreegor*' ;
"A Victim of Cleanliness" by George
Schock; "The Absent Guest" by Roy
Rolfe Gilson, these being illustrated
respectively by Metcalf, Williams,
Steele and Miss Stilwell. Editorial
articles deal with "Tolerance in the
South." "A Hero, and Certain Hero-
ines," (Dr. Howe, Laura Bridgman,
and Hellen Keller), "We Americans
and Other Animals," apropos of the in-
terest in natural history, and "Inter-
national Arbitration," which is pro-
nounced "better than battleships."

The February St. Nicholas is rich in
pictures of quaint little men and wo-
men of long ago, two articles, "The
Baby's Cap" and "The Story of the
Glove," as well as the timely story of
"A Pointed Valentine," offering oppor-
tunity for some unusual illustrations.
N. Hudson Moore's "The Baby's Cap"
goes as far back as 215 B. C. to the
dress of women and children, and the
funny laws governing it, and has pic-
tures of a Dutch baby and its nurse,
from a portrait by Franz Hals; of a

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

?!£DiMs ACROBAT 68460,

8PECIAL NOTICE! 10 nice, well-bred heifers, safe in calf

to Acrobat, will be sold at very reasonable figures.
ROSEriONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va.

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by tha Grand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

SPECIAL : 4 Bull calves, 7 to 11 mos. old.
Correspondence Solicited. Inspection Invited.

EDWARD G. BUTLER,

Annefieid Firms. BRIGGS, Clarke Co., Va.

PRINCE RUPERT. 79639.

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hogs

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. CIILLET & SON, - Qlencoe, flaryland.

EBO-ISTEEBD

.HEREFORD CATTLE.

Service Bulls; Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083), a grand- 1
son of the famous Grove 3d 2490, and a descendant of the |
world renowned Lord Wilton 4057 from the 4th generation.

Snowball, the dam of Salisbury, is now in the herd of His
Majesty King Edward VII.

Lars", Jr., is by Lars of Western fame and his dam is Judy out of a Sir Richard
2nd cow. This makes a great combination of the Grove 3d, Lord Wilton, Anxiety.
Peerless Wilton and Sir Richard 2nd strains. No better breeding in the world today,

FOR SALE— Yearling bull* by above sires. WANTED— Reg. Hereford heifers, i8
to 24 months old, not bred; will exchange bulls for heifers of equal quality.

Extremely low prices to close out this bunch; only a few left.

Write vour needs or call and make your own selection.

MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Alb. Co.,Va. f£?£fc£^*&&

How To Test Coiled Spring Wire.

Take a piece of No. IS wire and coll It firmly around an inch rod of Iron, as shown In

figures lorX. Try to pull* ' You may think you have doneso.butupon

: tipe fhu*n in figures. Then look along thewire asyon would

fl gure 4— has the appettn
This explains iho ,
COILED SPRINC WIRE '

itaere of

weave of at full -trength of everr wire is preferred.

twist Lsaneiprt-^it-n of strength. Good enough to last a lifetime. We make it

M HORSE HIGH, BULL STRONG, PIG AND OHIO KEN TIGHT,

dngoab Hit* Tartu* lt*&*ll?<ialT»abrdrAlM Sprier St**l W(r*:to get this good enough we

best fence. «> sr»ip anv ?tvie of fence we make

DIRECT TO THE FARMER ON 30 DAYS TRIAL, AT FACTORY PRICES,

Freight prepaid. Plea-e*rite cs. We want to tend yon our Catalogue. It is free,
KITSELMAN BROTHERS, v *270, Muncie. Indiana. U. S. A.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

139

We Make What We Sell & Seil What We Make

j uui la^uiy iu mc usci. in u uveal

100 POINTS OF MERIT

We do not run a catalogue house. Wemanufacture buggies and sell them— all of them— direct from our factory to the user. No agent
or retail dealer can get them unless he buys from us at the price you pay. For 1904 we are sup- "
plying the world of buggy users with a special bargain in both price and quality, a buggy that has
We
Make
To
Your
Order

Split Hickory Special To£Bi!P$50

The Bneat vehicl
turned out of oui
plant the equal of any
which others

prove all _ .._

the 1904 Split Hickory

Special, we propose to ship

30 Days Free Trial

Hitch up to it. examine it. note
thu UM points of merit, then decide,
after SO days, whether you keep

loth upholstering, open bottom spring
ck, water-proof top with genuine No. 1
d back stays, back stays padded and

A Two Years' Iron-Clad GUARANTEE

goes with every Split Hickory Special for 1904, a guarantee that pro-
tects you absolutely. We cannot give full specifications here of the
way this bn-gy is furnished regularly. It has over 100 Point* of
Merit and many special, desirable features not found on any other
' uggy on the market. Below we give a few of them.

Split Hickory second growth wheels with screws through the rims
to prevent splitting; J* inch round edge steel tires set hot. long dis-
tance, dust proof axl-s wit li cemented ai ' '

axles than are furnished on other buggies, oil tempered, graded and
duated springs, choice of wooden spring bar or Bailey body loop,
z. imported all wool broadcloth upholstering, open bottom
cushion, solid panel Boring back,
enameled leather quarl
stitched, all wool headl:

back curtain lined

tains, full length velvet carpet, panel carpets and toe carpet,

padded, patt-nt I .-at Ikt IS inch d;i-h, longitudinal center spring, board

k of body, quick shitting shaft couplings. 16 coats "

1 " ndation.all wood work carried T.

oil and lead before priming. 9 We furnish thi

buggy with any color gear wanted, with th(

body plain or fancy ■tripe, with three

' four bow top, high or lc

arched

body, different design
of upholstering in cushion and
back, in fact, can make any
reasonable changes that may
be deBired, finishing the
buggy to order, shipping
promptly and guaranteeing
perfect satisfaction.

. _ Catalog today.
it will poBt you on now to
buy a good buggy at a price
that will guarantee you your

child with its parrot, from a portrait
by Mierevelt: of the little son and
daughter of James II. of England, the
original painting by Largillere being
in the National Portrait Gallery, Lon-
don, and of Charles and Marie-Ade-
laide of France, by Drouais. Mary
Dawson's "The Story of the Glove" is
full of romance for the girls and of ad-
venture for the boys; and it, too, is
attractively illustrated, "His First
Gloves" snowing a mite of royalty
proudly putting on his odd hand-gear.
V. K. Frye's "A Pointed Valentine" is
a pretty story of life in our colonies
early in the last century, and shows
pictures of the little Puritan maidens.
Temple Bailey's "The Judge and the
Cur" is a charming story of two dogs,
a boy, and a judge. Very interesting,
but of quite another tone, is P. "W.
Humphreys' "The Animal Ship,"
which tells of Jefferson Davis Cleve-
land McRinley O'Toole and his skill
with the fierce exiles of the forest. The
pictures will please all young readers.
There is a story also of "Alligator
Hunting," written by Frank R. Stock-
ton. B. L. Farjeon's "A Comedy in
Wax" grows in thrills. George Hunt-
ington's "Jack Longshort" is a tale of
a tall boy who shrunk into a pigmy.
There are two anecdotes of General

Farms Steadily Improved and Crops Doubled

is the verdict of our customers who use

MAPES + MANURES.

MAPES MANURES are made from Animal Bone and other High
Grade Materials and not only increase the crops, but improve the
mechanical condition and permanent productiveness of the soil.
This is the great advantage Animal Bone Basis Fertilizers have
over those made with Acid Phosphate as a basis. IMPROVED
MECHANICAL CONDITION AND PERMANENT PRODUCT-
IVENESS OF THE SOIL. See page 76 of Wood's Seed Book,
or send for special circular about Mapes Manures.
Prices quoted on request.

T. W. WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen, Richmond, Va.

HAWKEYE GRUB AND STUMP MACHINE

Works an either Stsndlne Tlmbei
I Makes a Clean Sweeps

| of Two Acres at & Sitting. LJ3

r rods to handle. "5? ou can-
not longer afford to pay tax-
es on unproductive timber
land. Illustrated catalogue
Free, giving: prices, terms

' Stumps. Pulls an Ordinary drub la 1 % Minutes.

MILSE 3tFO. CO., SS4 8th St., Monmouth, III. Address Milne Eros. forSHEUAHO POHYCatalogne,

140

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[EeVmary

Washington, with two interesting pic-
tures cf the Father of His Country.
The second installment of H. Irving
Hancock's "Japanese Athletics for
lioys" will delight the lads; and Kath-
arine Louise Smith tells of "Our
Northern Neighbors' Winter Sports."
Clara Marie Flatt'6 "After You Were
Asleep' will piease younger readers;
and Boris Glav.ss "Simple Science for
Simple Simons" will furnish enter-
tainment for an evening or a rainy
Saturday.

Ai.T-i Martin Ette? brook's novel in
the February number of Lippincott's
Magazine more tliau confirms the be-
lief in her ability to write a good long
story. Short fiction from her pen has
appeared in many magazines and won
much deserved commendation. "Cous-
in Patricia," her present novel, is a
tale of modern life. It entertains, pre-
eminently, from beginning to end. In-
vention is clever throughout, and the
climax shows a blending of strength
and charm in the writing which is
highly satisfying.

Arthur Symons' name is arrestive in
the list of short stories. His contri-
bution, called "Peter Waydelin's Ex-
periment," shines with the human
element as portrayed through a man
who loved art "for art's sake."

The suthor of "That Mainwaring
Affair." A. Maynard Barbour, writes
a tale cf love and a gold-mine entitled
"A Controlling Interest." Francis
Howard Williams is the author of a
lovely idyl of a golden wedding called
"A Little Child Shall Lead Them."
"Yvonne of the Folies Bergere," by
Prince Vladimir Vaniatsky, tells of a
model husband whose sons make a
discovery about their father — by no
means to his credit — which they are
quick to use to their own advantage.
An unusual story', called "The Fatal
Chamber," is by Clinton Dangerfield.
A country-bred girl with a love for
beauty decorates her sanctum in ac-
cordance with her advanced views.
She has three suitors, and as each
one puts th' question she leads him
to this room. Two of them fall down
lamentably and the one who stands
her test is the one she supposed would
flee from a girl who loved nymphs.
Ella Middletcn Tybout excels in darky
sketches, but not to the exclusion of
other veins in literature. "The Voice
of the Harp" proves this. Temptation
comes to a pretty "Little Sister of the
Poor" to taste "the fleshpots of
Egypt," and the way looks easy and
pleasant In tho lovely harp Inter-
mezzo of Cavalleria the little maid
hears the voice of conscience before
taking the irrevocable step. "Dear-

Angora Bucks.

I have 6 Angora Bucks left
which I wish to sell to avoid in-
breeding; if ordered in the next
20 days, will sell for $15 and #17
f. o. b. Rock Castle. They were
sired by the famous BAILEY
BUCK (10213). The mohair is
now 7 to 9 inches long and will
sell for $ 1 per pound in May.

M. S. VALENTINE,

Rock Castle, Va.

xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx;

X

x ClSMONT DORSETS

x

X ClSMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young

"W Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

X Prices Reasonable. 6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Go.. Va.

xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx;

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM

DORSET SHEEP..

Breeding DORSETS our business for li years. We can now offer Doreets of high Qual-
ity. Our ewes lamb In the fall. We have fall lambs now ready. Last season these lambs
weighed 135 pounds In June. Allow us to Insist that you buy only GOOD SHEEP when
you buy Dorsets. Dorset sheep have a special place In Virginia. No other breed can taks
their place in the early lamb business. Write us for facta to prove this. We ship our

sheep on approval

J. D. ARBUCKLE, Greenbrier County.

H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maiwelton, W. Va.

.. REGISTERED .. ..

POLAND-CHINA

Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and young sow*
with pigs. Tamworth pigs 8 wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va.

THE OAKS

OFFERS FOR SALE AT LOW PRICES

2 SHORTHORN BULLS,

Rising 1 yr. old ; a solid red with white points and a rich red roan.
Eligible to registry. Also a pair of MORGAN COLTS, 13 hands,
2 inches high. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va.

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

two-cylinder gasoline engine: superior to all

rph.re of usefulness^ Has no vib^tio'n- «V2.a11 ""^jUnder engines. Costs less to buy and less to run
of engine required Else, ?* ■> 2v , 5 M^IT-6? °n aD-v 1,gnl wa8on " a Potable? w*lShS •<» ">
.„,i JSL etVVnin wiJr " ■** *• &' *• ». ""and lo horse power. Mention this DaDer. Send for catalo

and 15th Sta., CHICAGO

UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED

'THE MASTER WORKMAN"

Quicker and easier started. Has a wider

Weighs less than half of one-cvllnder engines. Give slxs

power. Mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Maagher

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

141

est," by Harriet Boyer, is a well-told
story of young love which stands the
strain of tin\e, and foreign travel, and
disguise. Elliott Flower can he very
funny, and in "The Man Who Never
Lived" he surpasses himself in amus-
ing conceit.

The February Review of Reviews is
aifither notable triuntnh in monthly
journalism. Almost every topic treat-
ed in this number is directly related
to the news of the month. The far
Eastern crisis and its bearings on
American trade interests are editori-
aally discussed in the department de-
voted to "The Progress of the World;"
"Korea as the Prize of War" is the
subject of an illustrated article of
great value by the Hon. J. Sloat Fas-
sett: "The Railways of China" are de-
scribed by Dr. Arthur J. Brown; Gov-
ernor Taft's administration in the
Philippines, just closed, is reviewed
by Frederick W. Nash; Entomologist
Howard, of the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture, writes on the
Mexican cotton-boll weevil, which re-
cently caused an extra session of the
Louisiana Legislature, as well as a
special appropriation of $250 000 by
Congress; Mr. W. T. Stead sketches
the personalities of the three commis-
sioners who have been intrusted by
the government with the practical re-
construction of the British army sys-
tem; Mr. John S. Wise contributes
sympathetic character sketches of the
two great Confederate chieftains who
died early in January, — Generals Gor-
don and Longstreet; the recent New
Orleans meetings of the American His-
torical, Economic and Political Science
Associations are described; the Pan-
ama situation and Wall Street's rela-
tion to Presidential politics are treated
by the editor; and in the Review's
series of illustrated papers on Ameri-
can industrial development Mr. Philip
Eastman contributes an interesting
account of "Windmill Irrigation in
Kansas." Many other timely topics
are covered by the cartoon department
and by the "Leading Articles of the
Month." "Periodicals Reviewed," "New
Books," etc.

T. W. WOOD & SONS CATALOGUE.
We are in receipt of the seed and
plant catalogue of T. W. Wood & Sons,
of Richmond, Va. This is a greatly
enlarged and improved edition of the
catalogue of this well known seed
firm. It is replete with the fullest in
formation on the growth and culture of
every kind of farm and garden seeds
and will be found a constant source
of information on the production of all
kinds of crops. In addition to seeds
of all kinds the firm supplies plants
of the staple crops grown for the mar-
ket which plants are raised by Messrs.
Wood & Sons on their farms and can
therefore be relied on as true to name
and variety. Send for the catalogue
before ordering your seeds.

ilade for the Man
Who Wants the
Best.

The Great Western
Manure Spreader

well rolled, fine,

coarse, bard,

miied, full

ol straw,

lull of corn

sulks.

etc

Will also spread compost, Ilitip, land plaster, salt, wood Q*hes, cotton seed end !iull*, and In every case

do it quicker, better and more evenly than it can be done by liand. Spreads as much manure in one day as twelve men can
load and spread by hand and the job is much better when done. Spreads the largest load a team can haul in 2 to i n
makes thesame amount of manure go three times as fjrandatthe same time produce better r

"25. ENDLESS APRONt

: away from beater while loading- and acts as hood in spreading.

vinfrsticks, stones, etc. Front wheels cut under, and machine can
betumedinits own length. Made in two styles and four sizes. Capacity 80 to 70 bushels. It saves 1frae< labor in... money
and will double the crops. Makes all manure so fine and spreads it soevenly that it is immediate! vavaUahlef^r plant food*
I innt* PITA) finiiT 10 by 13 inches, with 8 large cub shows the spreader perfectly and describes it fully. Tellsalsohow
LA it tit (lA I ALUaUt to apply manure to secure best results. Mailed free.

SMITH MANURE SPREADER CO., 16 & 18 S. CLINTON ST., CHICAGO, ILL.

Planet Jr. Companion Tools

No. 3. Planet Jr. Hill and Drill Seeder shown below on the right holds its position as the tool
for perfect hand seeding. Converted in an instant from drill to hill planter and back again.
Planes in hills 4. 6, 8. 12 or 34 inches apart. A convenient cut-off prevents seed waste in stopping,
no hills missed in starting. A steel marker rod lines out rows 6 to 20 inches apait. and it opens
the furrow, drops the seed, covers different depths, and rolls down. Operator drills or plants in
hills all garden seeds with great accuracy, aided by an excellent graduated index at top of handle.
No. 12 Planet Jr. Double Wheel Hoe is the ideal companion tool for the above. The crop is
never too small or too large for it to work perfectly. Its hoes, cultivator teeth and plows are quick-
ly set to do almost every kind of work. Cultivates between or astride the rows, scuffles, kills
weeds, furrows, ridges, etc. Wheels are adjustable for wide or narrow rows and for
depth, and handles adjust to suit the operator. Leaf lifters avoid injury to low
plants and permit close cultivation after plants are large.

Pla.net Jr. 1904 Catalogue shows forty different machines, in.
eluding Seeders, Single and Double Wheel Hoes, Hand, One.
and Two Horse Cultivators. Horse Hoes, Beet Sugar Cul-
tivators, etc. Over 100 illustrations, in< lu..im; Hi W-autitol naif
tones oi home and foreign farm and garden scenes. Mailed

iSCXr

free to all.

S.L.AIXEN

&C0.,

1 Box 1107-X, I

I PHILADELPHIA '

PA.

TWO CROP ESSENTIALS

are cultivation and keeping down weeds.
More important than deep cultivation is
keeping: the surface stirred, breaking the
crust due to rains, and allowing the light,
air, moisture and warmth to penetrate
quickly to the roots of the growing plant.
„ For doing just these things the ideal imple-
ment is the

Adjustable Weeder

, and Shallow Cultivator

It kill? the weeds at first showing, the top soil ia pulverized and kept mellow, the plant roots are not
disturbed and the moUs i-oil is not brought up to dry in tne sun. Adjustable in width. Narrows lo 30
Inches, widens Jo 7K feet. Strong and steady running. Furnished either with round teeth or with flat

Both free for the asking*

KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO.,

1554 N.Beaver St., York, Pa.^

YORK Improved Weeder

I handles find shafts I

pnnclrr Com Plai

VGLER MFG. CO., 501 Queen St., York, Pa.

142

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

AETNA LIFE.

Its Remarkable Progress in 1903.

The condensed statement of the Aet-
na Life Insurance Company, of Hart-
ford, Conn., which appears elsewhere
to-day is a showing of growth and
strength that must be especially grat-
ifying to policy holders of this ster-
ling company, coming as it does after
a year in which financial institutions
have had many unusual conditions to
contend against.

In these days of insurance progress
one naturally looks to the leading in-
surance company in New England, and
to the largest company in the world
issuing Life. Endowment, Accident.
Health and Liability insurance for big
results, but when one looks over the
Aetna Life's record for 1903 the mag
nitude of the favorable results fairly
astonishes him.

The Aetna Life, which is now over
half a century old, has developed Into
one of the famous companies of the
country, and is a notable monument of
the business and financial ability of
the president. Ex-Governor Morgan G.
Bulkeley. When he took the helm
twenty-five years ago it had in round
numbers $26,000,000 of assets, and
was carrying about $78,000,000 of life
insurance. To-day it has over $G8,-
000.000 of assets, and is carrying
$22«.000.000 of life insurance, to say
nothing of over J20S.000.000 of acci-
dent insurance. A very large and im-
portant part of this splendid growth is
due to the wonderful stride made in
the accident and liability department
of its business.

These are the important facts about
what the Aetna Life has been doing.
It is not only a matter simply of in-
terest to its policy holders, or to its
managers, but to every citizen of the
country at large who seeks for the
Tery best there is of insurance that
really Insures.

VERT POPULAR.
The "Osgood" Standard Scales, man-
ufactured by Osgood Scale Co.. 137
Central street, Bingbamton, N. Y..
are the subjects of an illustrated an-
nouncement to the trade, in this issue.
They emphasize the fact that they
want dealers and agents everywhere to
handle the farm scale, the house adds
a proposition to ship scales on a thir-
ty-days' trial. The wagon scales made
by this firm are becoming very popu-
lar and the sales are larger than was
expected. A catalogue will be sent on
application.

LEGAL LORE.

Just after the war an old darky came
up to the Governor and said, —

"Marster, kin you make me jestlce
ob rip peace?"

"Well, Uncle Ned. in a case of sui-
cide what would you do?"

Uncle Ned thought deeply. "Mars-
ter, I'd make him pay de costs of de
court and support de child." — Decem-
ber Lipplneott's.

ACME

SIZES
3 to 13>j feet

Agents
Wanted

Pulverizing Harro.w

Clod Crusher and Leveler.

best pulverizer — cheapest Riding Harrow

on earth. We also make walking ACMES.

The Acme crushes, cuts, pulverizes, turns

and levels all soils for all purposes. Made

entirely of cast steel and

wrought iron — indestructible.

Sent on Trial

To be returned at my ex-
pense it not satisfactory,
K" Cataloeue and Booklet
==• "An Ideal Harrow"
by Henry Stewart,
mailed free.
I deliver f o.b. at New York, Chicago, Colimbus, Louisville, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, Portland, etc.

DUANE H. NASH, Sole Manufacturer, Milling ton, New Jersey.

■ranch Hou. .si 1 tO Waahlnalon St., Chicago. 240 7lh Ave. So., Minneapolis. 1318 W. Bin St., Kansas City.
.PLEASE MENTION THIS PAPER.

FOR THE PLANTER

tlieCinner, The Farmer, the Millar, the Sawyer, or Anybody Else who des
highly cilirient power which will require tit lie space, nothing quite equa

I sO-K «* I Combined Engine and Boiler

KenYaf I I ^aF ■ u " entirely aelf-ea Gained. Machinery can J

ceedingly safe. Free f

be belted 10 either side of 1.1

lest kind of usage. Great favorites with
We al«o make other engines In great va rift y. Write
at once for our special book on "Power Economy and Efficiency.*' It
is sent free for the asking.

James Leff el &. Co, Box 134 Springfield, O.

'i»w>T;U4na;

Corn in the ear and al? grains, any sort of chop mixture. For

speedy and perfect work, sarins lVed and labor, the

all-purpose grinding mill is the

HE SCIENTIFIC I

vjick

Made in a variety of styles, inehidine Power Mills, Sweep Mills,
flill and Power Combined. The line that meets feeders' wants and
is light in price. Don't i.uy until you have seen our late, catalogue.
"'Ued free. Write for it to-day.

THE FOOS MFG. CO.. Springfield, Ohio.

RICHMOND ATLANTA NASHVILLE- NEW ORLEANS

SPRAY

of all Kinds

PUMPS

in Stock.

r«&\

SPRAYED.

The two illustrations above show the results of spraying potatoes at the Ver-
mont Experiment Station The Bprayed vines yielded at I he rate of 291 bushels
per acre, while the uusprayed vines \ ielded at the rate of 99J bushels per acre,
a diflerence of 191.J4 bushels per acre. Then surely it pays to spray potatoes and
what is true of this crop is also true of other crops, especially fruits. Bprayed
fruit yielib more and sells better. Water supply and plumbing systems installed.

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., incorporated.)

Box 949. ■■■ RICHMOND, V1RQ1H1A.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

143

Hallock's i POTATO DIGGER

Ideal. Plow and Pulverizer.

Can We Send You this Splendid Machine on Trial?

We have spent 20 years in perfecting this Potato Digger and are satisfied that it is the only successful one on
the market. We are willing for YOU to say whether it is what we claim for it. If you don't like it, the Digger is
'•urs. The Southern Planter ha3 examined its merits, and recommends its readers to send for it on trial. Will
you do it? Let us mail you particulars. Write to-day. NOTICE THE AGITATOR on the wheel; remove it, and you
will have the best plow in the world.

We want a good, active, responsible Energetic Agent in every section of the country
to handle the IDEAL." We will sell the first machine in each locality at a greatly
reducedTprice. We protect our agents. The wise man will surely act quickly for
he must see that territory on this machine will be eagerly sought for.

S PEC I A L.

The Keystone Farm Machine Co., of York, Pa,, have the exclusive right to manufacture our Hallock Flat Tooth
Weeder for the Eastern and Southern territory. The Janesville Machine Co., of Janesville, Wis., have the same
rights for the Western territory. Our friends will therefore have no difficulty in securing this well known and
valuable machine. The patents have been fully sustained by five different Circuit Courts.

Write for Circulars and Testimonials from Those Who Have Used the Digger.

D. Y. HALLOCK & SONS, Box 813, YORK, PA.

If you will give us your name and address we will send you an elegant 32-page catalogue—
A Treatise on Potato and Corn Culture.

144

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Good Buggies and How They Are Made

tleof my r

book which hns just been published
ry buK^y user, us it not only treats fn]
m from Lfae ground up. but teaohi sth<
reader how to t II a gooa baggy from a poor one. H
nether you Intend bayins ■ ni « buggy now or later on. th
book contains information that will bo of great value t<

ou. ns it not only . Ob ur.rl < v. ry part of

the buKgy is miuV, but Ulnstratea by actual j.hoto-
grapna, token from our fad hodof mak-

ing and finishing the different parts. If you hnve
n.-v. r had the opportunity to go througli

itors and at e Just how t"

done, tlii ill to do th

thing; in fuel, tins r. ally gi

opportunity to study the did*.
oonstruotlon than you would have
trip through a factory. Th
the book is I'll"!'! < . \ .

time only it will bo sent absolute!]

charge, postage prepaid, to nny readi

. will answer the questions in the
coupon Inflow. Address.

H. C. PHELPS, President and Treasurer,

The OHIO CARRIAGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

2010 Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.

BBBBBaSBBBBBSCut out tbil Coupon and
i whom did you buy your last buggy?

plan of ••llinf

nd on thirty days Fraa Trial T

.State Rural Rent*

BALTIMORE S SEED AND SUPPLY
HOUSE.
The Seed House of Griffith & Turner
Company, of Baltimore, who grow
seeds in the North, South, East and
West, each kind in the section of
country where it develops best, is a
good concern to consider when placing
this spring's orders. Their plan of
sectional growing of seeds brings uni-
versal satisfaction to their patrons. It
requires but a statement of how they
proceed to convince every planter that
the plan is right. We suggest that
our readers send for their catalogue
and learn more of their plan of doing
business. They also handle a full line
of Farm, Garden, Dairy and Poultry
Implements, Tools and Appliances
These several departments are each in
charge of a competent head, and they
are enabled to keep a large force busy
throughout the year instead of for a
6hort period at seed-selling time. Their
advertisement will be found elsewhere.
Consult it, and then write them for the
catalogue at the particular address
there given.

Established in 1866.

300 Acres Under Cultivation.

W. T. HOOD & CO.,

Old Dominion Nurseries, Richmond, va.

OFFICE :rCHAMBERLAYNE and RENNIE AVENUES.
Take Lakeside Car First and Broad Sts. PHONE No. 2155.

Nurseries, BrooK Road Half Mile from City, and Hanover Co.

Wholesale and Retail Growers

= High Grade Nursery Stock,

The kind of garden tool you use has
about everything to do with the success
of the crop, as well as the pleasure peo-
ple get out of the calling. The line of
Planet, Jr., tools is suited to every
purpose. The users all tell the same
story. One of them in Iowa, C. F.
Sanderson, of Linn Junction, puts it
this way: "I purchased a No. 4 Drill
of Hamilton Brothers. It is the best
tool of the kind I ever saw. It can be
used in so many different ways. You
can discover a new use for it every
time you use it." Don't fail to note
the Planet, Jr., advertisement else-
where.

Shade Trees, Lawn Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Etc.

FRUIT : TREES.

All the Standard and New Varieties. We have experienced men to plant trees and lay out grounds
when desired. Shade Trees a Specialty. Catalogues nailed on Application.
AtiENTS WANTED, Write for Terms. Liberal Commissions. (Mention this Paper.)

ft

tidrli pari

OCKER CHURN

data the butter fro
pat t. U ids

lie reelllt ..f its own inotu.ii-

C order or require i

Its Special Advantages

arei 1— Simplicity. Leastfri a .Gravity dose the churning*

a child can operate it. 4 absolutely no ;o I Inst mentis, always ready,
but tl"' ' hum box to oi.nn, . ,,-ilv uorossilile 6- Violent
agitation of cream without puddles ,.r .t.-liiis. 7— Gives the tlnest
grade ut butter cil any churn on I he murk. t. WE PAY THE FREICHT.
Your money back If not satisfied. In ei --lit, co.-voiiient sizes. K to 0C
gd Itona. Prl nUrsfree.

Rocker Churn Mfg. Company, Forsyth, Georgia,

"Got any oysters?" asked the guest
in a restaurant. "No, sah," replied
the sable waiter; "ain't got no shell-
fish, 'cept eggs, sah."

Black Leg Vaccine

Pasteur Vaccine Co.

CHICAGO
SAN FRANCISCO.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN- PLANTER

145

AGENT = WANTED

Good man In every county to sell

Osgood Standard Scales

for store, H'actory and Farm.

most complete line made 1903-4 Patterns
Steel Lever Lock Scales tire beauties. Prefer
man experienced in selling machinery and
Implements Fine catalogue. Nosamiles.
Can be handled nicely as side llDe. Liberal
contract. Exclusive agency Have you tbat
man In mind, show him this paper. He can
make money We want him now. Act quick.
Osgood Scale Co., 137 Cen'ral St., Binghamton,
N. Y. Largest makers of Farm Scales in this
country.

= WA NTED =

A good live man who understands
farming, desires to rent a farm; has
2 good men to work with him; will
give half crops or pay cash rent; can
give bond. Address "O. A. G." care
Southern Planter.

FOR RENT.
A -100 acre farm, 100 of which is
James river bottoms, none better;
300 acres clay, chocolate and gray
soil; 300 acres arable. Buildings good,
large new dwelling house. Nine
miles from Richmond, Va., 1| miles
from electric cars, well watered, a good
farm. Apply to JAMES BELLWOOD,
R. F. D. No. 1, Manchester, Va.

"1,000 BOYS WANTED."
A thousand boys wanted, is the way
the Ratekins' Seed House, of Shenan-
doah, start off their seed advertise-
ment in this issue of this paper. This
old reliable firm is among the oldest
established seed houses in the United
States, and their twentieth annual
illustrated catalogue is one of the best
that has found its way to our table. It
is a fine affair of over 80 pages, and
will be sent free to all who mention
this paper. See their advertisements
in another place in this paper, and
send for it to-day, and be sure to say
you saw their advertisement in this

paper.

HALLOCK POTATO DIGGER.
Bonnerton, N. C, July 8, 1903.
Messrs. D. Y. Hallock & Sons,

York, Pa.
Gentlemen:

Enclosed you will find my check,
which is to pay for the digger shipped
to Mr. J. F. Cowell, Bayboro, N. C. He
tells me that he is very much pleased
with the digger, and that those who
saw his work were well pleased, and
I that he was sure he could sell as many
as thirty or forty this coming spring,
and that he would want another for
his fall crop. Now, Mr. Cowell says
that he saved 3c. per bbl. on his crop,
which would pay for the digger alone.
Yours truly, W. H. Whitley.

AFTER THE WEDDING.

He — "It certainly was a pretty wed-
ding, and everything was so nicely ar-
ranged."

She — "That's just what I think; and
the music was especially appropriate."

He — "I don't remember. What aid
they play?"

She — "The Last Hope." — Christmas
Lippincott's.

A DANGER SIGNAL.
At a wedding in a church, noticing
the dim religious red light that burns
over the chancel, Teddy asked his
bachelor uncle, "Is that a danger sig-
nal, Uncle Tom?" and Uncle Tom, who
is suspected of hovering on the brink
of a proposal, was heard to reply
"Yes." — December Lippincott's.

FOR SALE

50 BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK

Hens, last Spring's haich, $1.00 each.
E. H. SANDYS, Burkeville, Va.

"Feeds and Feeding"

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

Peach and Apple Trees.

Bonavista Nurseries, Greenwood, Va.

We Offer a Fine Lot of Choice Trees for Spring Planting.

Our Apple Trees are the best :

Wine Sap Mammoth Black
Twig, York Imperial andi Al-

oemarle7 Pippin, allj Perfect,; and

Well-grown s Trees.

Stumo, Elbert a, 'Bilyeu's
[Comet], Wonderful, Cham-
pion, Globe, Picquet's Late,
Albright's Winter, E. & L.

We send out none but good trees, and{ have never had alcomplaint made by any pur-
chaser of our stock. Order soon, especially Peaches, as good trees will be very scarce
this season. CHAS. F. HACKETT, Manager.

146

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

NEW IDEA INCUBATORS.
Messrs. Channon, Snow & Co.,
Quincy, 111., have gotten out a very
attractive catalogue, entitled "How to
Make and Save Money With Incu-
bators."

We show herewith a photographic
reproduction of the book, and trust it
will prompt numbers of our readers to
send for a copy of it.

This company is the pioneer in pro-
moting incubators along dual lines, as
they not only make and sell finished
machines, but do quite an extensive
business in the sale of plans and fix-
tures, by which any one with a slight
mechanical turn of mind can make
his own hatchers and brooders. They,
of course, furnish all parts that are
difficult to make, such as regulators,
egg-trays, glass doors, etc.

Kindly mention the Southern
Planter when writing to them.

A GOOD START.

Two natives of the soil in a New
England village were overheard dis-
cussing the prospects of one Jim
Moans, who had forsaken a factory for
agricultural pursuics.

"I hear that Jim has gone to farm-
in'." said one of the village worthies.

"Yaas, he has," was the drawling re-
ply, "but he ain't went into it very
steep ylt. He has hired a hoss for the
summer an' rented a keow an' bor-
rowed a hen to put a settln' of eggs
under an' his folks has give hlra a
peeg. but he ain't farmin' it on the
scalp I hear thev do out West."

"No," assentprl the other; "still, he's
got considerable of a start, an' ort to
do well if his eggs hatch an' his peeg
thrives an' the keow is a good butter-
maker." — December LIppincott's.

"I heard to-day that your son was
an undertaker. I thought you told me
he was a physician."

"Not at all. I said he followed the
medical profession."

"Fifty miles an hour," yelled the
chauffeur, "are you brave?"

"Yes, I am just full of grit," replied
the pretty girl, as she swallowed an-
other pint of dust

POSTAL CHECKS.
Extract from Report of Postmaster-
General Henry C. Payne for 1903.
The rapid extension of the rural free
delivery service increases the demand
that the government shall provide
some easy, convenient, and safe meth-
od for the transmission of small sums
of money through the mails, and I urge
upon Congress the importance of pass-
ing some law which will insure to our
people this advantage at as early a
date as possible.

As the rural free-delivery service
has been extended the number of let-
ters carrying small amounts of cur-
rency has greatly increased. At pres-
ent there is no convenient method
provided in the rural districts for
making such remittances through the
mails except in currency or postage
stamps, and such currency and stamp
remittances are a constant temptation
to those handling them.

Virg'

ASSETS, $900,000.

£inia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private

or public, in&ured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALnER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
Capital Stock, ... $200,000.00

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445 75

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth

of Virginia.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this

Bank oflers superior facilities for direct and quick collections.

JNO. P. BRANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLKSN,

Prenirlent. Vlre-Pr<>»l<1eTit. f'aHifer

.* THE *

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS
: *- PROFITABLE
«■ INVESTMENTS

THE MANUFACTURER,
THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
-an*- THE TRUCKtR.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and wb.er«
large profits can bo realized Interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and ■>
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffio Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Va

1904.] TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 147

BILTMORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JEFSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. J- J- *

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality
that wins in the show rine.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company. !j

jt 'jt BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. * *\

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last tvro seasons. If you want winners vnu
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTEDTNGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c.

THE^IMPERIAL

..FRUIT and POULTRY FARM..

OFFERS THE FOLLOWING SURPLUS STOCK ALL FIRST-CLASS AND THOROUGHBRED
z AT ONLY $1.00 EACH: =

150 Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerels and Pullets.

30 S. C. Brown Leghorn

1 White Leghorn Cockerel.

5 Buff Plymouth Rock Hens and Pu'lefs.

12 White Wyandotte Cockerels.

20 Silver=Laced Wyandoite Cockerels.

10 White Plymouth Rock Cockerels.

3 Black Minorca Cockerels.

EGGS FOR HATCHING IN SEASON, $1.00 PER SITTING OF 15.
Also 25 BARRELS JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES, only $2.00 per barrel. The greatest and
cheapest hog feed known, will produce from 400 to 600 bushels to the acre.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / .* .' Staunton, Va.

148

THE SOTJTHETIX PLANTER

[February

THE SILK GROWING SEASON OF
1904.

The public interest in the revival of
silk growing in the United States con-
tinues unabated. Substantial progress
has been made during the year just
closed and the prospects are good for
Increased output of silk cocoons the
coming spring. Silk growing associa-
tions are being formed in many States,
and public schools are introducing the
study into their systems. Among the
latest formed associations are the
American Silk Growing Association
of Vineland, N. J., of which the Presi-
dent is the well known financier, Hon.
Wharton Baker, of Philadelphia. The
Silk Growers' Association of Pat-
chogue. Long Island, has been organ-
ized with Dr. Franklin Sylvester, of
New York, as President. A number
of towns in Michigan grew silk in
1903. In California the industry is
centered about San Diego, where there
are quite a number interested. In
Georgia the Tulhilah Falls Company
are increasing their plant, and an in-
dustrial school to teach silk growing
and domestic arts has been planned
there and will soon be in operation.
Steps are being taken to establish a
school similar to that at Trn-'ah Falls
In Western North Carolir S
ture in America has come to stay.
When carried on as we have recom-
mended, as a household industry to
occupy spare time of the women, chil-
dren and aged or feeble members of
the family, silk growing cannot fail to
fill an important place in our social
economy. It will furnish useful and
remunerated employment for iabor
otherwise unproductive. It will add
to the comforts and happiness of the
aged and young and poorer classes of
our population. It will make country
life more bearable to the young of both
sexes who now look evpn to 'ifo in t>-o
factory towns as a relief from the
hardships of the farm.

But silk reels and silk weaving mills
must necessarily follow the establish-
ment of silk farms, and the State
which fosters silk growing will in the
end secure a bountiful reward in gen-
eral prosperity. North Carolina can
easily and without detracting from
any profitable industry already estab-
lished add to the wealth produced in
the State not less than Jfi.nno.nno an-
nually. This is a sum worth striving
for.

The North Carolina Department of
Agriculture will import from Italy in
February a sufficient quantity of silk
worm eetrs to supply all silk growers
In the State who make application in
time, or during the month of January.
The prices of eggs will be the same as
last yenr. viz: Per ounce, $3 00; per
one-half ounce. $1.60; per one-quarter

WANTED

To huv some POLLED ANGUS Heifer?
or cows.

E. M. SANDYS, Burkeville, Va.

%

Your money back

if you are not satisfied

DO YOU SUPPOSE that s company with a capital of $500,000.00. paid In roll, and the

f>roud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, wou-d make such an offer and not carry
t out to the letter?

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the ruhlic and our chances
Of still greater success by failing to fulfil any promise we make ?

DO YOD SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi-
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ?

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes
direct from our distillery to you. with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving

fou the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why
t's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a Quarter of •
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration !

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $9^0 EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR-
OLD RYE for $3.20. and we will pay the express charges When vou receive
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We
ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside.

Orders for Ariz., CaL, CoL, Idaho. Mont.. Nev.. N. Mex.. Ore.. Utah. Wash,
or Wvo.. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for MOO bv Express
Prepaid or SO Quarts for 816. OO by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ATLANTA. 6A. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, M0. ST. PAUL, MINN.

ISO DlSTTLLEBY, TBOT, O. ESTABLISHED 1866.

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THR0UG1 ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton—

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT "IgZZr&SS" ROUTE.

Xo STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PtiTKR BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Point*.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry„ Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

149

ounce, 80 cents; per one-eighth ounce,
45 cents. No one without previous
experience should attempt more than
one-eighth ounce the first year. Those
who have had experience and who
have a supply of mulberry leaves at
hand may attempt a full ounce. The
Department will find a market for all
the good cocoons produced in North
Carolina this year at $1.00 per pound
for choked cocoons. There need be no
fear that the market will be over-sup-
plied. We can sell any amount at the
price named. The Department makes
no charge for its services to citizens
of the State.

We can still supply to farmers only,
rooted mulberry trees suitable for
feeding silk worms for $1.00 per hun-
dred postpaid. A small number of
copies of our silk Bulletin, No. 181,
still remain, and will be sent free to
those wishing to take up silk culture.
A new circular giving estimates and
detailed drawings for erecting scaf-
folding • ■ .1 I i>. '•'£■ trays u' oi. which
lo «■ ow the worms will be issued next
month. From these directions any
oih' handy with tools can construct
all the apparatus needed out of com-
mon pine lumber.

More silk growing associations
should be organized in North Carolina.

This affords a good opportunity for
far-seeing and philanthropic persons
in every community to benefit their
neighbors by organizing such associa-
tions and starting silk growing. The
governing bodies of almshouses, hos-
pitals- and girls' schools should also
take steps to introduce this industry
with a view of enabling their popula-
tions to earn a little money each year
without any great risk or hardship.
Teachers in graded schools mignt well
introduce the care of silk wornrj as
a species of nature study as well as a
profitable art.

Applications for silk-worm eggs and
mulberry trees should be made to the
undersigned and must in every case
be accompanied by the full amount of
cash in postage stamps or money or-
ders. Address

GERALD MCCARTHY, Biologist,
N. C. Dept. Agriculture, Raleigh, N. C.

HE SAW WHERE THE MISTAKE
LAY.

The following interesting and point-
ed story is taken from Dr. Orison
Sweet Marden's editorial, "Superiority,
the Best Trade-Mark," in the February
Success:

"Never put your name to a certifi-

cate of a piece of work, unless you
know it is worthy," said Senator Geo.
F. Hoar, in an address to students;
"throw up your job first. Let no em-
ployer's command move you to do that
which you know is wrong. The city
of Lowell was built on the Merrimac
river. Dams and canals were con-
structed to conserve the water power.
There was no competent engineer for
such work in America at that time. A
young Englishman named Francis
came over and was employed. He
looked over the work already done. He
learned that, sixty years before, there
had been a great flood in the valley.
He went to the directors of the com-
pany. 'Gentlemen,' he said, 'you must
rebuild Lowell and the works.'

' "We can't do that,' was the answer;
'we have spent large sums, and must
take a risk.'

' "Then, gentlemen,' said Francis,
'here is my resignation.'

"The directors reconsidered, and re-
built under Francis' direction. In a
year a flood came, and the town and
the works stood the test. Under the
former conditions, they would have
been swept off the face of the earth.
There is a lesson. Learn it."

TH1 -STAR"

The Corn Ptenter Made Es
pecially for Southern Corn and
Pea Planting.

titi

CORN

-*-*

PLANTER

REMEMBER-
We furnish them
with Hoe Opener
when desired.

It does, and does well, everything a planter should do.

Drills or drops at any distance any number of grains. It handles corn- peas, beans

etc., equally well.
Every grain is seen as it falls to the ground.

The planters are furnished with runner openers or shovel openers.
Thousands in use all over the South, and demand increasing every year.
As of all good things, there are imitations, but see that you get the GENUINE WITH OUR

NAME CAST ON THE TOP OF GRAIN HOPPER.
Don't be mislead by being told some other planter is just as good; pay more if necessary

and get a "STAR."

ASHTON STARKE, Richmond, Virginia.

150

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[February

PI

Tho following list of paper* and periodical!
are the most popular ones In tbla sertlon.
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever
Journal you wiah:

DAILIES.

Price with
Alone. Planter.

Tlmes-Dlepatch. Richmond, Va *5 00 $5 00

The Post. Washington. D. C 6 00 « 00

The Sun. Baltimore, Md 3 00 3 40

News-Leader, Richmond. Va 3 00 J 00

THI-TVEEKLY.
The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4

Harper's Bazaar

Monteomery Advertiser

Nashville American

The Baltimore Sun

Breeder's Gaietle

Heard's Dairyman

Country Gentleman

Religious Herald. Richmond! Va
Times-Dispatch. Richmond Va '" i
Central Presbyterian. •• ".'.'.'. 2 W 2 X
Horseman . . „ ™
3 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 7,

Dairy and Creamery ...... ™ "

Commercial Poultry '" „

All three , E° '5

North American Review":'..'""""^ %

The Century Magazine

St Nicholas Magazine ....

Llpp.ncott's Magazine 12 t t

Harper's Magazine Z'.i* \f.

Forum Magazine

00 4 00

1 00 1 40

l oo i oo

60 75

1 00 1 35

2 00 1 75
1 OO 1 35

1 50 1 75

2 00 2 25

6 00
4 00 4 25

Scrlbner'-

3 00 3 23

1 00 1 35

1 00 1 35

1 00 1 35

1 25 1 65

1 00 1 36

1 00 1 35

2 60 2 75

Magazine 3 M

Frank Leslie's Magazine " , 00 , «

Cosmopolitan Magazine
Everybody's Magazine

Munsey Magazine

Strand Magazine "

McClure's Magazine ........

Argosy Magazine

Review of Reviews

Blooded Stock

Successful Farming !".""" l 00

Southern Fruit Grower ..."."...'" M ^

Where you desire to subscribe' to two or;
more of the publications named, you can ar- '
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 50 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here write
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion desired: we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periodicals.

Seed House of the South.

RANDALL

GRASS,

TALL MEADOW

OAT GRASS.

JOHNSON

GRASS.

BUCKWHEAT.
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

*■ £> & WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

Fop Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Win. A. Miller & Son, «*

| Headquarters for
t Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders.

-4 ALL STOCK TRUE TOl NAME. <|»

*§* Apples, Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and «j*

'jh Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees, «j»

«|» Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens, <^»

«* Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc, <**

4* Apricots, *4*

«4* CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 4*

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
jfc FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY! CO., {Baltimore, Md. «£

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

151

PERFECTED

8TAR HARROW— Steel Wrought Boxes.

8.

IMPLEMENTS FOR SPRING WORK.

To get the best results prepare your
land with the WATT CROWN or
CRESCENT PLOW, made in sixteen
sizes and adapted to every variety of
work in all kinds of soil. Guaranteed
to be the best general purpose plows
made and sold subject to approval by
trial.

OUR ROAD PLOWS will enter hard
ground when no other will.

DISC HARROWS with or without
solid steel weight boxes. Most dura-
ble bearing with oil reservoir direct-
ly over axle free from dust and clog-
ging. Anti Friction Rollers. Adjust-
able Seats. Easy to handle. Light in
draft.

ALL STEEL LEVER HARROWS
made up of sections of 25 teeth each.
Instantly adjusted straight or steady
by lever.

THE EMPIRE CORN PLANTER
with or without fertilizer attachment
The Lightest Planter Made. Plants
any quantity, and distance accurately.

DOUBLE ROW PLANTER with or
without Check Rower Drill and Fer-
tilizer attachments. Adjustable in
width, distance of drop and quantity.

DISC CULTIVATORS and HAR-
ROW combined. Made of steel and
malleable iron. Light Draft, Great
Strength, High Steel Arch, Steel Axle,
Steel Wheels, adjustable in width.
Discs adjustable in depth and at any
angle.

WALKING AND RIDING CULTI-
VATORS with four, six or eight sshov-
els and spring teeth.

FARM WAGONS built of air-dried
timber and all material the best that
can be procured.

IRON AGE PATTERN CULTTVA- .
TORS and HARROWS, MALTA DUR
IMPERIAL ONE HORSE WAGON. ABLE SHOVEL PLOWS. THE NEW MOLINK.

WEEDERS, FEKTIL1ZKR DISTRIBUTORS, FIELD ROLLEKS with solid Steel Heads, BALING PRKSSES for Hand or
Power, GRAIN DRILLS, FEED CUTTERS, PEA HULLERS, THRESHERS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, GRINDING
MILLS, &.C., &C. Write for Prices.

13 So. Fifteenth Street,
Between Main and Carv,

fe

SINGLE ROW PLANTER.

RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL=WATT CO.

152

THE 80UTHEKN PLANTER.

[February

THE TOP PRICE FOR A COW.
General Russell A. Alger, former
Secretary of War, and now junior
United States Senator from Michigan,
Is said to have paid the record price
for a cow — and that a dead one. Fifty-
odd years ago he was an orphan in
Richfield, Ohio, without a cent, and
with but one suit of clothes. He
wanted to attend school, and went to
a doctor, who lived in a neighboring
village, to ask for a chance to work for
his board. The doctor did not need
the services of a boy, but was so much
impressed by young Alger's earnest-
ness that he took bin) into his family
and sent him to school. He did no
work except to care for the doctor's
horse and cow. The years sped on,
and Russell A. Alger became a mil-
lionaire, while his benefactor was re-
duced to strained circumstances. One
by one the doctor's children died, and
he and his aged wife were left alone.
But the old man kept his pride, and
when General Alger assisted him he
■was forced to do so in roundabout
ways. A dozen years ago the general
paid the doctor a visit, determining to
aid him.

"Why, Alger, you don't owe me any-
thing," said the old man, "and I won't
take anything."

"But I owe my education to you."
"Bosh! You owe that to yourself."
"But I caused you trouble and ex-
pense, for which I want to repay you."

"The trouble need not trouble you,
and there wasn't any expense worth
talking about. In fact, the only ex-
pense that you caused me, so far as I
can remember, was the loss of a cow.
Do you know, Alger, that, when you
came to live with me, I had the best
cow in these parts, and that your
awkwardness completely spoiled her?
Within three weeks you had made ber
so skittish that no one could go near
her, and I had to sell her for beef."

"Then I owe you for that cow. I am
going to pay you for her, and to add
a little interest for the use of the
money for about forty years."

After long argument the old man
reluctantly consented to receive pay
for his cow, and the check that Gen-
eral Alger drew to his order kept him
in comfort for the remainder of his
life. — Success.

A SAFE DIET RULE.

Eat the Smallest Amount of Food
That Will Preserve Good Health.
How shall one determine, then, bow
much food to eat? Too much mystery
has been thrown about this subject.
Let your sensations decide. It must be
kept in mind that the entire function
of digestion and assimilation is car-
ried on without conscious supervision
or concurrence. It should be entirely
unfelt and unknown, excepting by the

feeling of bien-etre which accompanies
and follows its normal accomplish-
ment. Satiety is bad. It implies a sen-
sation of fullness in the region of the
stomach, and that means that too
much food has been taken. The exact
correspondence, in a healthy animal,
between the appetite and the amount
of food required is extraordinary. As
a rule, the meal, unless eaten very
slowly, should cease before the appetite
is entirely satisfied, because a little
time is required for the outlying
organs and tissues to feel the effects
of the food that has been ingested.
If too little has been taken, it is easy
to make it up at the next meal, and
the appetite will be only the better and
the food more grateful.

No one was ever sorry for having
voluntarily eaten too little, while mil-
lions every day repent having eaten
too much. It has been said that the
great lesson homceopathy taught the
world was this: That whereas physi-
cians had been in the habit of giving
the patient the largest dose he could
stand, they have been led to see that
their purpose was better subserved by
giving him the smallest dose that
would produce the desired effect. And
so it is with food. Instead of eating,
as most people unfortunately do, as
much as they can, they should eat the
smallest amount that will keep them
in good health. — February Century.

Merchants National Bank, Richmond, Virginia.

JOHN P. BRANCH, President.

JOHN KERR BRANCH, Vice-President.
Comparative Statements for tHe Folio-wing Years:

AS^KT^.

JOHN F. GLENN, Cashier.

Close of Business on Dec. 31.

1888.

1893

1898

1903.

Real E-tatf , Furniture, Etc

Five Per Cent Redemption Fund

$ 667,661 76

60,000 00

2.250 00

521,000 00

90 000 00

8,480 00

301 787 38

$ 788,099 01

79,093 71

9,000 00

421,000 00

20,000 00
133,142 50
341,023 17

$1,029,973 19

76,767 42

5,625 00

998,100 00

$1,367,607 95

72,103 93

10.0 0 00

761,000 00

State and Oitv Bonds for United States Deposits

Premium on United States Bonds

Miscellaneous, Stocks and Bonds

293,500 0

45,000 00

364.826 83

1,140,676 23

25 000 00

566,622 43

1,941.077 73

Total

$1,655,179 14

$1,791,358 39

$ 3,659,968 67

$5,036,912 04

LIABILITIES.

Closb of Business on Dec 31,

1888.

1893.

1898.

1903

Capital Stock

$ 200,000 00

118.122 76

45.T0O 00

l,292,0o6 38

$ 200 000 00

215 991 53

180 000 00

1,195,366 8i

$ 200,000 00

316 931 91

111,400 00

2,971.536 76

60,100 00

$ 200,000 00

660 120 19

20(1.000 00

Deposits

3,685,191 85

291 600 00

Total

$1,655,179 14

$ 1.791,3 8 39

$3,659,968 67

$ 5,036,912 04

This hank does a general banking business and respect fully solicits the accounts of individuals, corporations and
banks, promising every facility which thrir balances, business and °re>ponpit>ility warrant.

We rcnke a specialty of our collection department, and such business given us will have careful and prompt
attention.

We pay three per cent, interest on deposits in our savings department or on certificate of deposit, payable on de-
mand and bearing interest from date of deposit.

United States. State and City Depository.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

153

A. C. SINTON. President,

R. R. GWATHMEY, Vice-President,

j» j* Jt Jt J*

1. 1. SUTTON, Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14Ih & Main Sis., Richmond, Va.

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and
Harness. ^ ^ ^ <£

INCORPORATED 1883.

PEERLESS ENGINE.

HOCKING VALLEY FEED CUTTER.

DAIN CORN CUTTER.

STAR SWEEP MILL.

A full stock always on hand, and
prompt shipments guaranteed. South
Bend, Dixie and Farmer's Friend
Plows and repairs. The Hancock Ro-
tary Disc Plow, warranted to go In
the ground where all others fail.

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cy-
clone Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters,
Dain Corn Cutters. Equal to any made.
Staver Buckeye Feed Mill and Horse
Power Combined. Star Sweep Mill.
Either grinds corn on cob or shelled.

Whitman Ail-Steel, full circle Hay
Presses. George Ertel Company's full
circle Hay Presses. Rapid Fire Horse
Power Hay Press, for one horse, a good,
cheap press. Will put up from 150 to
200 bales a day. The well known Mln-
nlch Brand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider
Mills. Hard wood rollers. The best
mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shellers, for
hand or power. Smalley Electric Pole
and Wood Saws, for steam or horse
power. Peerless Engines and Saw
Mills always in stock. Several good
second-hand Engines and other second-
hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded
See cuts showing weld. Barb Wire
Plain Galvanized Wire, Baling Wire
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Har
rows. Buffalo and Lean Spike Harrows

The celebrated Columbus, Ohio, Bug
gies, Carriages, Runabouts, and Traps

Farm Wagons and Delivery Wagons
a complete stock.

Correspondence solicited.

SECTIONS OF WIRE FENCE.

SPIKE HARROW.

t

k

154

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

THREE SPECIAL COURSES OFFER-
ED AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY,
KNOXVILLE, TENN.
Three special courses are being of-
fered this winter to the farmers of
Tennessee at the State University.
The first of these covers work in ce-
real judging and practical feeding and
commences on January 18. The
course is designed to give the farmers
of the State an opportunity to learn
something about the methods of se-
lecting and improving corn and other
leading cereals and how to feed the
live stock of the farm to the best ad-
vantage.

The stock feeding work is carried on
in the experimental barns. It includes
practical work in feeding dairy and
beef cattle, swine, etc. In the time
devoted to the subject one can learn
the best methods of combining food-
stuffs and preparing rations for the
different classes of live stock so as to
secure the largest profit from their
use.

The work in stock judging and dai-
rying commences on February 1. The
course provides training in judging
and handling the different classes of
farm live stock. Work with the score
card is an important feature. The
student is brought in direct contact
with living animals and their good
and bad points called to his attention.
In dairying he is familiarized with
the operations of butter and cheese

making and the testing of milk.

The course in farm poultry com-
mences on February and lasts one
week. It is under the direction of Mr.
T. E. Orr, of Beaver, Pa., Superintend-
ent of Poultry at the World's Fair and
Secretary of the American Poultry As-
sociation. Mr. Orr is a recognized au-
thority on the subject and will give a
series of lectures and demonstrations
on judging and handling the different
classes of fowls and on the breeding,
feeding and management of the same.

These three special courses should be
attended by hundreds of farmers as
the information to be derived from a
visit to the Agricultural College and
Experiment Station in itself would
more than pay one for the time and
money expended, not to speak of the
valuable instruction that can be ob-
tained at the same time.

Those intending to take any of these
courses should communicate with
Prof. Andrew M. Soule, Knoxville,
Tenn., at the earliest possible date so
that satisfactory arrangements can be
made.

Mamma: "Willie, shut that window
screen. You're letting the flies in."

Willie: "Well, you've got to let
some of 'em in."

Mamma: "Why?"

Willie: " 'Cause if you don't let 'em
in, how are they goln' to get on the
fly paper?"

A rather simple-looking lad halted
before a blacksmith's shop on his way
from school, and eyed the doings of the
proprietor with much interest. The
brawny smith, dissatisfied with the
boy's curiosity, held a piece of red-hot
iron suddenly under the youngster's
nose, hoping to make him beat a hasty
retreat. "If you'll give me half a dol-
lar, I'll lick' it." said the lad. The
smith took from his pocket half a dol-
lar, and held it out. The simple-look-
ing youngster took the coin, licked it,
and slowly walked away, whistling.

When "Long John" Wentworth, a
famous Chicago character, was a can-
didate for mayor of that city, there
was a vigorous discussion over a two-
headed calf on exhibition in Clark
street.

Somebody had asked the question
whether the calf was two calves with
one body or one calf with two heads.
The city was all torn up about it.
There were letters in the newspapers,
and many acrimonious domestic and
public discussions. At length it was
decided to leave the matter to Mr.
Wentworth.

A committee waited on him and
stated the case.

Wentworth listened to the argu-
ments carefully. Then made this de-
cision: "Inasmuch as I am a candi-
date for mayor, I decide that both
sides are right."

W. J. CARTER, ["BROAD ROCK."]

TURF JOURNAL/ST.

Address P. O. Box 929, ... Richmond, Va,

Pedigrees traced and tabulated, stud circulars prepared,
special attention paid to registration of thoroughbred and
trotting horses.
Representing the ... .

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va.

Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

Sports of the Times, New York.

Breeders and Sportsmen, San Francisco, Cal.

FOR SALE:

40 Head Fine' Mules,

Large, sound and grand lookers. Having finished a contract
these Mules will be sold at bargains. Do not write for prices
but come and look them over.

SIDNEY P. CLAY, oOOorth 31st"Street, Richmond, Va.

GREAT STAKES, 2552 J •

Record, 2:20.

Sire of Captain. 2.161; Foxhall, 2.191, etc. Bay horse,
by Billy Thornhill, 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by Sweep Stakes,
293. Fee, $25.00 the season.

W. H. NELSON, 1428 East Franklin St., Richmond, Va,

KELLY, 22283* Record, 2:27.
Sire of McChesney, 2: 1 6%, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expressive 3, 2:12i; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, sec-
ond dam, Colisseum, by Colossus.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
grand size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

FEE, $25 the season.

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

WEALTH, 29579. Record, 2:10.

Bay horse, 16 hands high, by Gambetta Wilkes. 2:191;
dam Magnolia, by Norfolk, SG70.

Note — As a prolific sire of speed and race horse quality
Gamberta Wilkes is unexcelled.

FEE, $25.00 the season.

W. H. CHAPMAN, Gordonsville, Va.

BURLINGAME 26235* Record, 2:18*.

Brown horse, by Guy Wilkes, 2:151, dam Sable, dam ot
Sable Wilkes, 2:18, etc.. by The Moor, S70.

N. B. — Very fast and a great show horse.

FEE, $25.00.

Lissak. bay horse, by Burlingame. dam Hellce, dam of
Clarion, 2:151, by Norval, 2:143.

FEE, $15.00. Address,

SPRING GARDEN FARM,
Cool Well, P. O., Amherst Co., Va., op
ROBT. TAIT, Norfolk Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

155

START - THE - NEW ■ YEAR - RIGHT

By Purchasing Your Supplies At

J. S. MOORE'S SONS,

Wholesale and Retail QrQCerS and peed Dealer.

18TH & MAIN STREETS, - RICHMOND, VA.

We quote prices on a few articles in our enormous Holidiy Stock.
Look over the list and send us your orders. If you don't see
'hat you want mentioned here, write for prices on it.

WJ

Florida Oranges

California Oranges

Fine Apples

Large Lemons

Best French Candy

Choice French Candy 12

Good French Candy 8 and

Plain Mixed Candy

Chocolate Drops

Fine Buttercup Candy, 5-lb. pails

Sultana Raisins 10 and 12

Best New London Layer Raisins

New, Clean Currants 8 and

Best Muscatel Raisins

New Seeded Raisins

New Figs

New Figs, 1-lb. package

New Dates, 6 lbs. for

New Dates. 1-lb. packages.

New Mixed Nuts

Best Soft Shelled Almonds

Best Shelled Almonds

Best Pecans 12

Best Filberts 12

Best Palm Nuts 12

Best English Walnuts

Best Cocoanuts

New Citron

J» J* Jt

.25 doz.
.12 doz.
25 pk.
.12 doz.
.15 lb.
1-2 lb.
.10 lb.
.08 lb.
.15 lb.
75 each
1-2 lb.
.10 lb.
.10 lb.
.00 lb.
.10 lb.
.08 lb.
.10 lb.
25
OR

.12 lb.
.15 lb.
.30 lb.
1-2 lb.
1-2 lb.
1-2 lb.
.15 lb.
.04 each
.14 lb.

New Orange Peel 12 1-2

New Lemon Peel 12 1-2

Choice Evaporated Peaches, 9c, or 3 lbs for .25

Fresh Country Butter 22

N. C. Corn Whiskey $2.00

7-year-old Maryland Rye 4.00

Old Crown Rye 3.00

Old Keystone Rye 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye 2.00

Old Capitol Rye 1.50

California Sherry Wine 1.00

Imported Sherry Wine 3.00

Catawba Wine 45

Jamaica Rum 3.00

New England Rum 2.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, 4 years old 3.00

Maryland Apple Brandy 2.50

B. B. Brandy ." 45

Port Wine 1.00

Pure Apple Cider 25

Geneva Gin 2.50

Holland Gin 2.00

Virginia Mountain Whiskey, 4 years old. . 3.00

Duffy's Malt Whiskey 80

Wilson Whiskey 1.00

Fulcher Whiskey 1.00

Buchu Gin 1.00

Paul Jones Whiskey 1.00

lb.
lb.

lb-

gab
gaL
gaL
gal.
gaL
gaL
gaL
gaL
gaL
gaL
gaL

gaL
gaL
gaL
gaL
bot
bot
bot.
botv
bot.

These prices are for cash strictly before goods are delivered. Post-office orders or registered letter'
must accompany all orders.

WE - WANT - TO - BE - YOUR - GROCER.

A trial order will convince you bow easy and cheap it is to "go to market" by mail.

i

156

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[February

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

HAND POWER CUTTER.

These machines sell at night. They have heavy fly

wheels and make three cuts 10 each turn of the crank.

They will cut hay, straw ur lodrter, and will cut from

to 2 inches. They are shipped K. D.p securing the

owest possible freight rates.

LITTLE CHANT CORN SHhLLER.

The frame 1" made of thoroughly dry hard wood. The
otnts mortised tenoned and Bolted, The hearings are
oltcd on the frame instead of screwed. The iron work
is made from tbe very best material, every piece Is care-
fully Inspected beiore being put on. This machine Is
high -grade all the way through. It is handsomely
painted, striped and varnished.

ROSS....

Fodder Cutters. Fodder
Shredders, Cuttersfor -ill
purposes, Corn Shelters,
Grinding Mills, Horse
Powers and Wood Saws.

'SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, All Sizes.

The SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills.
Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or ofl.

Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other grain*, .nig..- or mixed, j

POWER MILLS in Cve sizes
2 to 30 horse- power
■r" Scientific Sweep mils In five sizes,
•■-•■ Geared— plain and combined, with
horse-power.

Aspinwall Planters. Potato Sorter*
and Cutters.

gTE£L/&>**

ELI BALING PRESSES.

6$ styles and es. For horse or steam power
Write for prices and catalogues.

Send for our Cataloaues

and Prices on any

Implements you

may need.

WOOD HARROWS— All sizes.

DISC HARROWS— All sizes.

SPRING TOOTH HARROWS— All
sizes.

ACME HARROWS— All sizes.

Harrows of all styles kept in stock
at lowest net prices.

One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain
or with Fertilizer Attachment.

Special prices given on Studebaker
and Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts.

Studebaker Buggies, all styles,
and easiest adjusted cultivator on the Studebaker Carriages, Studebaker

Carts, Studebaker Runabouts,
market to-day. Write for circulars

Frick and Aultmen and Taylor En-
and testimonials. gines, Saw Mills and Threshers.

Bement Disc Cultivate*-,
with 6 or 8 Disc.

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings
and malleable iron. The most simple

Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters
and Cutters.

Aspinwall Potato Planter.

Automatic, Accurate and Reliabla.
Used by thousands of practical grow-
ers the world over. Over twenty
years on the market. Don't be fooled
by imitations and make-shifts, but
write for attractive illustrated cata-
logue.

HENING & NUCKOLS.

Successors to

CHAS. E. HUNTER,

1438-3. LH St..

WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE

WHEN AN "'" '

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN
WIRE FENCE

CAN BE BOUGHT AT|EVEN
LESS COST?

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices.

The Ohio Feed and Ensil-
aae Cutters. Built for Strength and

Rapid Cutting. Furnished with either cutter
or shredder head, or both, and with blower ■
or elevator when desired. Special catalogue
mailed free.

IDEAL, FEED MILLS AND POWER combined grinds all kinds of shell
grain as well as corn and cob. THE POWER attachment is very valuable for
RUNNING WOOD SAWS AND OTHER MACHINERY.

IDEAL DUPLEX FEED MILLS for steam power are very strong and
grind rapidly.

Triple Geared Feed Mill and
Power Combined.

The BIRDSELL with STEEL SKEINS

Is the highest grade wagons manufactured. See catalogue
and get our prices.
BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HARNESS, ROBES, WAGONS. CORN SHELLERS, WOOD SAWS, THE FULLEST

No. 19. 1-horse ungeared feed mm
grinds corn and cob and shell grain.
Price, $16.00.

No. 20. 2-horse ungeared feed mill
grinds corn and cob and shell grain.
Price, 119.00.

Special catalogues on application.

STOCK OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

T.h? Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

THE NEW POLICY

Of the Northwestern is believed to be the most desirable contract offered by any company, covering almost every
contingency that can arise in the future. Absolutely the only policy issued under which the insured is given the
option of using the dividends annually in cash or to purchase additional insurance, or of leaving the surplus with
the company for accumulation for either ten, fifteen or twenty years, no selection beini required until the first
annual dividend is due. In some companies the insured is limited to take annual dividend; in others he is oflered
only the deferred dividend plan. The Northwestern policy contains other unique and valuable features.

-*m .-WRITE FOR A PROPOSITION AT YOUR AGE.-. w—

T.ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

i •"-"" East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS A MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. Ii you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS dm

DIXIE VERVE AND BONE LINIMENT-B«st on e»rth for Ibn or

Beast Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere.

»^— OWENS ft MINOR DRUQ CO., Richmond, Va.

^<WWVW»>WM¥W»^»Mr^^^r>Mr>M^Mr^Mr>MMr\MrWMrWr>r\t

The Trap Has Been Set, Buf ,he F«rmcrs "Are "" *° »■

3UY THE WALTER A. WOOD MACHINES.

THEY ARE=

Why?

Because

It is the Best Machine made.
It belongs to no combination.
Its Repairs Cost Less.
It Trusts Only in its Super-
iority.

The Wood Binders, Reapers,
Steel Hay Rakes, Tedders,
Corn Harvesters, Knife
Grinders —the world knows
and the world endorses.

Send for Special Catalogue.

WALTER A. WOOD MOWING and REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. KLLETT, President, WM. M. HILL, Cashier.

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS. $240,000-
RICHMOND- - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65.

MARCH, 1904.

Proprietors.

No. 3.

CONTENTS.

F/>RM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial — Work for the Month 157

■yr*-" Forage Crops for Hogs 160

Shredding as the Best Means of Preparing
Corn and Fodder for Feed — Importance of

Live Stock 161

Farming as a Business 162

1 Editorial— What Alfalfa is Good For 163

Hay Substitutes for Stock Feeding 164

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 189.. 166

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial — Work for the Month hi /

Formula for Spray Mixtures 174

Mark Hanna Strawberry 176

Grafting and Budding the Tops of Orchard

Trees 17G

Spray Calendar 175

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

The Handling of Ewes in March 178

The Southern Cattle Man's Opportunity 179

Hardiness of Jerseys 179

Editorial— In-Breeding 180

Grazing Hogs 180

Cross Breeding of Pure Bred Hogs 181

Breeding and Feeding Properly Will Produce

Good Colts 182

THE POULTRY YARD:

Management of Ducks 183

Mistakes We Make 184

Editorial — Egg-Producing Strains 184

THE HORSE:

Breed for Size 185

- ^ia Horses 185

/'•;) '■•'., ,rr.v. 186

MISCELLANEOUS:

Editorial — Virginia Polytechnic Institute,

Blackburg 187

Editorial — Birds and the Farmers 187

Polygonum Sacchalinense; Sachalien Buck-
wheat 188

Remedy for Lice on Cattle 188

Hog Raising 188

Editorial — Forest Home Farm, Loudoun Co.,

Va 188

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

| | 1T1T»C PREPARED ^ £> AGRICULTURAL | IKflT

g For COTTON When used on land with a fair amount of vegetation or with COMPOST [which is better] the
5 crops are as good as from any Fertilizer. It prevents ROST and SHEDDING, and keeps the plants green much

X longer in dry weather.

PEANUTS With.thesame conditions as above, it is a COMPLETE FERTILIZER for this CROP. Our custo-
mers say it is>quaUto the BEST FERTILIZERS OX THE, MARKET.

DARK HEAVY TOBACCO Haul out your farm pen scrapings, plow .under and broadcast 500 to 600
3Glbs. per acre [the earlier the better], and you will get a heavy crop of Tobacco and a tine crop of Wheat and
Clover or other grass, and by proper rotation will have a rich lot for any crop.

BRIGHT TOBACCO Our customers say that 200 lbs. per acre in the drill with other Fertilizer will prevent
the tobacco from FIRING and giving it a GOOD BODY and increase its value $20 per acre. For Wheat, Oats,
Clover and other grass it is exceptionally good .

It prevents RUST,. SCAB and SMUT in WHEAT and all say it is the best thing for clover thev ever used. Fruit
Growers will End a WONDERFUL IMPROVEMENT by its use on their Orchards and Vineyards.

^ .OUR EXCELSIOR TOBACCO FERTILIZER, ^

Has been tested for 6 years and has proved equal to and in some cases superior to the high-grade ammoniated goods
on the market. We put in no useless filler and the farmer gets the 2,000 lbs. to the ton of valuable fertilizer for
the crops and THE LAND. Hence they say their succeeding crops are much better than from other fertilizers.
We use no Ammonia, but materials that ATTRACT and utilize that which nature furnishes.

Until the use of Peruvian Guano, it was not thought of when Virginia Tobacco ranked as the best grown in the Coun-
try for Export and Manufacturing.

Olir SPECIAL 'CORN FERTILIZER For land where there is not an abundance of vegetation s equal to any.

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5 «tOO<HJ<HXH>0<H><H*>«Htt««H><^

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.--XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State.-.SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, March, 1904.

No. 3.

Farm Management.

WORK FOfl THE MONTH.

The whole of the Southland is this winter passing
through abnormal weather conditions and especially
is this so in this and the immediately adjoining States
north and south of us. Since the middle of November
(now more than three months ago) the ground has
been almost continually hard frozen and it has been
impossible to run a plow for a day and the end is not
yet. At the time of this writing (20th February)
the frost is still intense and within the week just past
the thermometer has made the lowest record of the
month, and of the winter in Middle Virginia. Here
in the city of Richmond it has marked 8 degrees (24
degrees of frost) and in the country within a few
miles of the city, has been down nearly to zero. The
winter in State has been the coldest but one since rec-
ords were systematically kept. It is also exceptional
in that it has been the longest continued cold of which
we have any record. Indeed this abnormal coldness
has continued ever since last June, January being the
eighth month in succession in which the mean average
temperature has been below the normal for the State.
In another respect also the weather has been abnor-
mal. There has been a deficiency in the rainfall for
the past three months in this section, and for more
than that period in other sections. Very similar
conditions have prevailed through all the Southern
States except those bordering on the Gulf, where
somewhat more normal weather has been experi-
enced. In our last issue we ventured to hope that we
were then nearly at the end of the period of abnormal

weather and that some progress might be made in
preparing the land for crops during the month of
February. In this we have been disappointed and
the work we suggested to be done in February still
remains unexecuted. We refer our readers to the
February issue for those suggestions and urge that
at the very earliest break in the weather they may
receive attention. With the use of all the diligence
capable of being exercised, and assuming the weather
to be fairly normal, there is going to be much diffi-
culty in getting an average acreage of crops planted
this year in seasonable time and in well prepared
land. The early advent of winter cut off at least a
month of the usual fall plowing season and much
land usually now only waiting for the drying out of
the winter rains to be cultivated and prepared for
seeding is yet to plow. This, added to that usually
plowed in the spring, is going to make very heavy
work for the teams and hands, and we are afraid
must necessarily result in many crops seeded in bad-
ly prepared land or a reduced area put into crops.
Notwithstanding this aspect of existing conditions
we would still urge the point we have so often made
at this season of the year, that greater attention be
paid to the preparation of the land before seeding
even though the result be a reduction of the area put
into crop. If as a consequence of this abnormal sea-
son the result should be the doing of more intensive
work the experience will not have been without its
advantages. As Professor Roberts in his work on
the "Fertility of the land" well saya, "Since the soil

158

THE SOUTLTERX PLANTER.

[March,

and the subsoil contain such stores of potential fer-
tility as analysis has abundantly demonstrated, and
since tap-rooted leguminous plants bring to the sur-
face abundant quantities of nitrogen with some min-
eral matter, and since many helds receive applica
tion of farm manure from time to time, some far-
reaching cause or causes must be present ever tending
to seriously restrict production. It will be found
tLat in this country the principal Causes of low-
yields of farm crops arc imperfect preparation of the
land, poor tillage, and hence a lack of available plant
fuod and insufficient moisture during some portion
of the plants life." That this is so has been abun-
dantly demonstrated by numerous experiments
made in almost every State, and is further illus-
trated by results obtained in other countries. The
yield of the wheat crop in the different countries of
the world is a striking illustration of this fact. In
England, where the most intensive system of farm-
ing is practised, and where the land receives more
preparation for a single crop than is here usually
bestowed on three or four crops, the average yield of
wheat per acre in 1003 was 31.70 bushels, nearly 32
bushels per acre. In Holland, where careful and
good preparation is made, the yield was 28.57 28
bushels per acre; iu Belgium the yield was 27.70
V-~i) bushels per acre; in New Zealand 20.93
(nearly 27) bushels per acre; in Germany 25.44
(254) bushels per acre; in Sweden 25.29 (25J)
bushels per acre; in France IS. SO (nearly 19) bush-
els per acre; in Canada 10.92 (nearly 17) bushels
per acre; in the United States 12.70 (12J) bushels
per acre; in Spain 10.S0 (nearly 11) bushels per
acre; in India 9.95 (nearly 10) bushels per acre; in
Russia S.S0 (nearly 9) bushels per acre; in Aus-
tralia G.38 (nearly 6i) bushels per acre. These
varying yields are almost certain evidence of the de-
gree of preparation bestowed upon the land before
the seeding of the crop. We make this assertion with
personal knowledge as to the method of preparing the
land in a number of the countries named and from
information received from the others. What, is true
of the wheat crop is true of all other crops. The
mechanical and physical condition of the soil in
which the seed is planted has more bearing upon the
yield than any fertilizer that may be applied, yet
we are daily in receipt of letters from farmers all
over the country asking us to tell them what fertil-
izer to u?e and what quantity to apply in order to ob-
tain certain named yields of crops. Upon most of
the lands of the parties asking these questions, and
indeed upon most of the land of the South, it would

not be possible to secure maximum yields of crops
of any kind even though fertilizer of the highest
grade was poured out in tons instead of pounds to the
acre. What all the land of this country most needs
is deep plowing and perfect cultivation so that all
the soil is broken into hue particles to the depth of
at least 12 to IS inches, and that this soil so broken
shall be filled with decayed vegetable matter (hu-
mus). When put into this condition the soil will
hold moisture and mainly upon the moisture content
of the soil depends its ability to dissolve and make
available the plant food naturally contained in it,
and that which may be supplied in the form of ma-
nure or fertilizer and upon this ability depends the
crop yield, as all plant food is taken up by plants in
liquid form alone. Without an abundant supply of
labor and teams it is impossible to do this full jus-
tice to the soil over a large area of land, but a small-
er area may be so handled, and if so handled, may be
made to yield as much as the larger area would do
imperfectly prepared, and the subsequent cultivation
and harvesting of the increased crop cost but little
if any more than a small yield on the same area.
With such a backward season as the present one
and with the scarcity of labor, common all over the
South, it is essential if profit is to be made, that in-
tensive and not extensive farming should be done.
The first step in this system is deep and thorough
preparation of the soil. Let this have attention as
soon as the weather will permit It is too late to
turn more than a very little of the subsoil on to the
surface now, but it is not too late to break this sub-
soil with the subsoil plow or a single tooth cultivator
so that it may become a reservoir to hold moisture
for the use of the crop during the hot season.

For the benefit of the hundreds of new subscribers
who have come on to our list since the February issue
was mailed we repeat the suggestion as to crops
which should be planted at once as the weather has
prevented this being done in February. The first to
receive attention should be the oat crop. It is now
too late to sow Virginia Grey Winter Oats. We
would now seed Rust proof Oats for the main crop.
Sow not less than two bushels to the acre, better
three. A new oat, of which we hear very good re-
ports, is the Burt Oat It is claimed for it that it
will mature in 90 days and thus if planted now will
escape damage from the hot weather of the early
summer. It is claimed also to be largely rust proof.
We would advise a trial of this variety. Except in
the Piedmont and Western mountain sections of the

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

159

Southern States we would not now advise the seeding
of the Canada pea crop. In those sections it should
prove valuable as an early forage or hay crop seeded
any time during this month. Sow one and a hail to
two bushels to the acre with a bushel of oats. Sow
the peas broadcast and work in with the cultivator
so as to give them four or five inches of cover or
drill them in and then sow the oats broadcast and
cover with the harrow. A good loamy soil is the best
for this crop.

this crop as a hog pasture. He says his hogs thrived
and kept in good condition upon it. It will only do
well during the cool weather. When the hot summer
sets in plow the residue of the crop down and sow
cow peas.

Grass and clover seed should be sown this month
vf it is decided to try to increase the area fall seeded,
which is the best and proper time for seeding all
grasses and clover in the South. Probably as a con-
sequence of the severe winter it will be found that
much of the fall seeded grass and clover has been
largely killed. Where this is the case it is not worth
while to try to mend the stand by patching but bet-
ter results will be attained by reseeding the whole
held. Mr. Clarke, the most successful hay grower
in this country, says that he has never found it profit-
able to endeavour to improve a stand of grass by par-
tially reseeding. Whilst we cannot say this, as we
have on many occasions succeeded in materially im-
proving a stand by a partial reseeding in the spring,
yet as a general proposition we think Mr. Clarke is
probably right, certainly so where the stand left is
only a very poor one. If the fall seeding is only
killed in spots we would endeavour to improve the
look of the field by reseeding these spots, first break-
ing the land shallow with a disc or sharp toothed har-
row then seeding and cover with the harrow and roll
if dry enough. Sow all grass and clover seeds alone
and not with a grain crop, and use plenty of seed,
say not less thar two or three bushels with six or
eight pounds of clover seed to the acre. For a
meadow on dry sound land sow a mixture of orchard
grass, tall meadow oat and red top with the clover.
For low wet land sow red top or red top and Italian
rye with clover. For a pasture sow a mixture of or-
chard grass, perennial rye, tall meadow oat, red top,
meadow fescue and Virginia blue grass with a mix
ture of red, alsike and white clover.

Dwarf Essex Rape may be seeded this month as
early as possible for a grazing crop for hogs, sheep
and young cattle. Sow four or five pounds of seed
broadcast and harrow in, or three pounds in drills
two feet six inches apart. If sown in drill cultivate
two or three times. We have a report from a sub-
scriber just to hand speaking in the highest terms of

Plant a field in artichokes for fall and winter
feed for the hogs. Prepare the land as for a corn
crop and set out the rows three feet apart and drop
the sets two feet apart in the rows. Five or six bush-
els of sets will plant an acre. Cultivate the crop two
or three times during growth. The hogs will harvest
the tubers for themselves in the fall and winter, or
they may be plowed out and stored like Irish pota-
toes and may be fed with advantage to either hogs or
cattle. A yield of from 400 to 600 bushels to the
acre is frequently grown on good land, and twice
this quantity has been grown.

In this issue will be found an excellent article
oj- forage crops for hogs by Prof. J. S. Newman, of
the South Carolina Agricultural College. We invite
attention to this. Prof. Newman has had long prac-
tical experience in this work and speaks with the
authority of one with both a practical and scientific
trainine.

In laying out the land for the crops do not fail
to make provision for growing an ample supply of
forage crops for green feeding and for winter feed.
The experience of this winter ought to be a warning
to all farmers to make ample provision for feed for
the stock during the winter months. Simply to rely
upon the fodder from the corn crop is not sufficient.
To make a farm pay it should be well stocked with
cattle and these cannot do what they ought and can
do towards improving the farm and making money
unless they have always plenty to eat. Let them al-
ways have feed to convert into manure and the fer-
tilizer bills can be brought into very small compass
and much more permanent improvement of the land
can be effected than through the use of commercial
fertilizers. Whilst the effect of the use of commer-
cial fertilizer is usually exhausted in one year or two
at most the effect of an application of farm yard ma-
nure can be counted on for many years.

Tobacco plant beds should be burnt and seeded
at the first opportunity or the plants will not be
ready when they ought to be. Good tobacco is im-
proving in value on the markets. Sun-cured has sold
at $24.50 per hundred. We anticipate a reduction

160

THE SOUTHEEX PLASTER

[March,

in area of the tobacco crop in .North and South Car-
olina on account of the high price of cotton. This
should give our Virginia growers a chance to make
a bigger and more profitable crop. -Much is being
said as to the importance of co-operative action iu
raising and selling this crop and endeavours are
being made to secure this. \Vhiist nut deprecating
such action we do not place the same high value on
it as many do. We are of the opinion of Col. J. S.
Cunningham, the largest tobacco grower 111 the world,
that the way to secure profit from the tobacco crop it
to diversify the crops on the farm and especially to
make first all necessary home supplies. Ihe tobacco
crop can then be made a surplus product and be held
until the market calls for it at a price suiheient to
pay the growers. Instead of forcing it on the market
to meet the cost of living let the manufacturer have
to seek it and then the grower can fix the price.

Land for the cotton crop should be got ready for
planting as soon as fit to work but do not attempt to
tit it whilst wet. The importance of early planting
is now being emphasized in connection with the dam-
age done by the Boll weevil. Practically this is the
only remedy which is so far suggested for the weevil
with any hope of success. Whilst it is true that we
are not yet troubled with this weevil in thi
States yet there is no telling how soon we may be,
as it has annually made great strides northward, and
it will be well to be provided against its coming as
far as possible. Fertilizers for th rop can

with advantage, be applied several weeks before the
actual planting of the crop, and be incorporated with
the soil whilst fitting it for planting. The maxi-
mum quantity of fertilizer that can be generallj
used with advantage on average cotton land has been
concluded to be such an amount as will fur.
pounds of phosphoric acid, 15 pounds of potash and
20 pounds of nitrogen to the acre. A ferl ilizer made
up of 1,200 pounds of acid phosphate. COO pounds of
cotton seed meal and 200 pounds of Kainir will sup-
ply this need, applied at the rate of S00 pounds to
the acre.

FORAGE CROPS FOR HOGS.
Editor Southern Planter:

I have read the Planter for mai 'id con-

sider it the best edited paper which comes to my
office. Your practice of pointing out unorthodox
matter in contributions is highly commendable and
adds much to the value of your journal, while if pro-

tects the inexperienced from misleading statements.
too often the case that the mere tyro in knowl-
I experience is the most frequent
voluntary contributor to the agricultural pr

This by the way. My object in writing is to com-
he letter of Mr. Chas. L. Dewey, of Wilkin-
son county, Miss., and to suggest some additional
ps and an economical and convenient movable

For twenty years I have taught in my class-room
and practiced in the held the use of "hog crops"
I to the South. One of my grad-
Ir. R. L. Bennett, former director of the Ar-
kansas Experiment Station, profiting by my instruc-
s made quite a reputation by demonstrating
it at the Newport branch station, Ark.,
ild be raised more cheaply than at the
North by a judicious use of these specially adapted
1 have demonstrated the same thing in
i and South Carolina. There is no other part
of the world in which pork can be grown as cheaply
as in the middle belt of the cotton States if proper
use is made of the crop- adapted to being

hogs.

The following i ivailable for a supply

lie year. There should be a Bermuda
: cent to the area to be occupied by the
other crops, to be used when the ground is too wet
to be rooted by the hogs. Bermuda will keep hogs in
a healthy growing condition all summer without
grain, but both common vetch (vicia sativa) and
hairy vetch (vicia villosa) should be broadcasted
over the Bermuda sod in summer to afford late win-
ter and early spring pasturage. These will reseed
ar to year.
In addition to these, the following crops are avail-
x rape and crimson idover
sown in September. Bye sown with common vetch
inber for wint( i ig pasturage and

then allowed to make seed for late spring use. Win-
ter grazing oats and hairy vetch sown in September
pastured till 1st March and then allowed to
ed or be cut for hay. Bed clover and orchard
mber for spring pasturage and for
fall and spring pasturage aft Wheat sown

tember to he pastured till middle of February
and then allowed to make seed to be harvested by the
amber sorghum planted in drills in
for early harvest for hogs. Orange or Lynk's
■ the same time for later harvest.
-. ehufas and Jerusalem artichokes
planted in March, the peanuts to be fed off in earlv

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

161

fall, the artichokes in December, and the chufas
later. On land which is capable i
20 bushels of corn: peanuts will produ bushel

artichokes 500 bushels and chufas 200 bushels. Two
plnnti': I ttatoes, one early and tl

from vine cuttings, preference being given to varie-
ties which produce small roots (hogs will rool ou1
large tubers them 1" waste). Two plant-

ings of cow peas, one of some early variety such as
New era. Black or Speckled and another of a later
ripening variety. Soja beans planted spring,

the beans to be allowed to ripen and f ill on 1 lie
ground me swollen and softened and picked

up by the hogs. Lastly a patch of prolific corn on
which the fattening hogs are to be turned to harden
off the meat for the knife.

HOW TO UTILISE THESE CROPS ?

The cable wire fence solves the problem of a mov-
able fence bv means of which the crops may be gath-
ered, as desired, as follows:

Trim out of some tough timber a nost hole punch,
have the point -bod with iron, band the top with iron
and pass a rod through near the top for convenience
in handling. With this the holes for the posts are
easily made. Instead of fastening the wire to the
posts, spike on a piece of inch plank and fasten the
wire to this. When necessary to move the fence the
plank is pried from the posl and rolled up with the
wire to be moved to the next, plot to be pastured. The
nosts being again set at the original distance
the planks are again nailed to them and the work is
finished.

"Bv means of this readily movable fence any pari
of the field may be partitioned off and the inclosed
crop completely harvested without waste. If this
plan was generally adopted by the farmers of the
South they could not only grow all pork needed on
the farm bn1 have a large surplus for sale. The
matter is loo plain to need argument.

J. S. Ntsts

Clemsnn Golle.ae 8. 0.

SHRFpniMR AS THE RFST MPAWS OF PREPAR-
ING HORN Min FfinnFR FOR FEED— IMPORT-
ANCE OF LIVE STOCK,

Editor Sovtliern

The animal repori of the Si
ture of Virginia and of ( '■
much of value to the Virginia aj> -
haps the very best of the whole Hides of pa
that on tho use and value of our wild birds for the de-

struction of noxious seeds and insects prepared by
the Audubon Society. All of the testimony collected
for this report, sems to concur in urging the neces-
sity of live stock as the most important factor in suc-
cessful farming in Virginia. Mr. "Beverley's (the
President of the Board") experience in cattle raisins;
in Tidewater Virginia is encouraging and sets forth
very well the results of his operations in his particu-
lar branch of the beef producing industry. But very
many of onr farmers here in the county of Essex
have determined that the veal market is a more profit-
able source of revenue than that for more matured
cattle. They argue that a herd of cows kept solely
for producing calves to be sold at six or eight weeks
of age, or even two or three months, will be more
remunerative to the farmer than if their offspring
are all kept until they are three years old, and when
the calves will bring $12 to $15 each at the above
mentioned ace, this view may be correct. The
real point of importance, however, in the profitable
production of live stock is the supply of the best and
most economical food.

I have lately been experimenting with the shred-
ding machine and am encouraged to hope much from
its agency in the preparation of good food for stock.
But while it will improve even injured or slightly
mouldy hay by tearing it. up and knocking off the
dust and mould, it can, of course, not. be expected to
make good feed of bad material. Therefore the first
object should be to harvest, and cure the material to
he shredded in the best possible manner. Then when
this has been done by having corn stover, pea hay and
bright oat straw fed in alternate supply to the shred-
der the feed will be nicely mixed and contain a
variety of different constituents. There are, how-
ever, several considerations necessary in the use of
ibis shredder! food. First, there must be a suitable
for its storage on farms which have not suffi-
cient bam room. One plan is to make rail or pole
pens in the fields, leaving an opening near the top
for the shredder's carrier and to have these pens
thatched with straw or fodder to prevent, the access
of wafer. Another consideration is the method of
In stables and stalls where mang-
c i : be built there is no diffii ulty,
hut in th i opei Bi I iment of boxes or

racks would be n<

or blown away by the wind.

11 arried from the storage

' in hags, while, when used in a barn,

would only b ry and much

more convenient than the bags. A little ingenuity

162

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

would soon surmount these difficulties, but there still
remains the need for a fair tariff of charge for the
use of the shredder and engine, as few farmers could
afford to own the whole outfit themselves.

In the West, I believe, the rate of charge is some-
times made by the acre. In other places by the day
of so many hours for the use of the machinery. The
machine I used was the Keystone and it proved very
satisfactory, but if the outfit is to be hired by the
farmer I would much prefer the large sized shred-
der as it not only works faster but has more power
to shred large corn stalks and coarse pea vines. There
are several sizes and while the smaller ones require
less power to drive them, they are not so well adapted
to the rouffh use of shredding coarse material. There
seems to be little doubt that the shredder is greatly
superior for food manufacture, to the cutting ma-
chines which simply cut the material into lengths in-
stead of tearing and splitting it into a fibrous mass
a= the shredder does.

There seems to be a growing disposition on the
part of our farmers to abandon the production of
corn and wheat for tobacco or what they call truck
farming, strangely en ouch on the ground that the lat-
ter pavs them better because labor is so scarce and
TuiPfltisfactory. Now the tobacco grower and trucker
both require much more and better skilled labor than
the corn and wheat crower. and while it is indisputa-
ble that an acre of several other kinds of crops may
yield more revenue than one planted in corn or wheat
are the latter not. prime necessities and if their udti-
vation 19 abandoned bow are thev to be supplied?
If tne farmer has labor and capital enoucb to pro-
duoo both the "trucks" and the cereal* this may be
well, but the ground upon which the "trucks" are ad-
vocator! ia the searm'tv of labor and capital and ihere-
fore that it is cood poliev to make most revenue from
the acreace in cultivation even when be will have to
ncp the money or a creat part of it to buy food for
ln'a household and stock, at the most exorbitant rates
<weu if he can tret it at all. The annual roport before
no moot wi=olv advocates the production of wore corn
instead of less. Intensify methods and make as
DTdCD corn on an acre as posible consistent with pro-
per economv (as we have beard of some verv larce
viplds in competitive trials costinc more in fertilizer
and labor than they were worth V but every Virginia
farmer should rank the production of corn as the
prime factor in agricultural success.

Essex Co., Ya. P. S. Htxnteb.

Sendinc us the foregoing our correspondent com-
ments on the fact that in making up the report, which

almost entirely consists of clippings from agricultu-
ral journals and experiment station reports the Com-
missioner has almost invariably resorted to Northern
find Western agricultural journals and reports for
his information. He doubts very much whether such
sources of information are the best and most reliable
for Southern farmers as conditions of climate and
crop production are here so different from those ex-
isting North and West. We concur in this view.
Surely there is some work done by Southern Ex-
periment Stations and by Southern agricultural jour-
nals which is worthy of being cited as deserving the
attention of Southern farmers. It is poor encour-
agement for Southern Experiment Stations and
Southern agricultural journals to see their work so
treated and their efforts to help Southern farmers so
slighted. It is, however, a consolatory reflection to
ourselves that the farmers themselves do not so regard
our own labors as is evidenced by the fact that we
now send out more copies of Tiie Southern Plant-
er every month than the Commissioner of Agricul-
ture of this State sends out every year of his report.
—Ed.

FARMING AS A BUSINESS,
Editor Southern Planter:

Let it be understood, first, that land in itself is
worth nothing. It is valuable only when productive.
Anyone laboring under the delusion that land in
the Old Dominion is cheap because we don't under-
stand the farming business will part with some of his
coin to learn better. If you think that you are buy-
ing a farm by paying two, three, five or even twenty
dollars an acre for a piece of land with buildings on
it, you may find yourself sadly mistaken. The biiild-
ings may be worth all you paid for the farm and
surely you will enjoy living in this wonderful cli-
mate but as to the business end you have probably
bought only a place for a farm. It. is overlooking
this fact that has proven the fatal stumbling block in
the path of many beginners. Buying a few hundred
pounds of fertilizer will not bring back the fertility
that, cropping for generations and the elements have
taken from the soil.

One should no more think of farming soil, empty
of plant food, than he would think of starting a store
with an empty building. Convenient, location to
railroads or markets doubles the value of farm land
as it. would the value of a store site. Hauling is
amonc the heaviest items on a farm. Clearing tim-
ber and brush land usually costs as much as clear
land can lie bought for.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1G3

Start farming as you would any other business.
Provide the raw material for the soil. Spreading
commercial fertilizer with lavish hands is not al-
ways successful as it is apt to wash away. The safest
and surest road is the one that the Southern Plant-
er has pointed out for these many years: growing
leguminous crops, such as cow peas, clover and
alfalfa, hut to depend upon these agencies alone would
take too long. You would he wasting years without
remuneration from your farm. Buy no more land
than you can afford to stock with plant food and do
not buy stock until the farm produces the wherewith
t." feed it, else the cattle, hogs, horses and sheep will
oat the bottom out of your purse. As a business
proposition no man can afford to waste his time im-
proving only a few acres. If you haven*t the means
to handle fifty to a hundred acres, try trucking. A
smaller farm will not be a paying propositon.

Next to feeding the soil or perhaps even more im-
portant is proper cultivation. If you have settled
on your place disk as many acres as you know you
will be able to handle. Disk in half-lap. Then plow
deeply. If you can, let the subsoiler follow the turn-
ing plow. Always harrow immediately after plow-
ing, unless too wet, to prevent the land from drying
out. Then disk again until it is warm enough to
plant. Unless you are located in the limestone re-
gion, spread 20 to 50 bushels of lime to the acre.
Lime costs from $2 per ton to six and seven cents
per bushel. Spread also 500 to 1,000 pounds of
ground rock phosphate. It costs $7 to $8 per ton.
Also not less than 200 pounds of potassium chloride
(muriate of potash — Ed.) It costs about $41 per ton:
Harrow to a fine tilth and sow or drill thickly to cow
peas.

Begin plowing the peas under in July (we would
suggest August, as the peas will be then more nearly
matured. Turning a crop of peas under when full
of sap and growth is apt to sour land in this warm
climate — Ed.) and disk the land every week in half-
lap until time for fall sowing. If you have used
only 20 bushels of lime in the spring, sow now 20
bushels more. Also sow again 500 pounds rock phos-
phate and some potassium chloride (muriate of pot-
ash). The land is now ready for alfalfa or German
clover. Devote as much as you can to alfalfa. Ree
February issue of the Southern Planter for in-
structions bow to grow it.

On the land not needed for alfalfa sow German
clover. The land or the seed should be infected with
bacteria if German clover has never been grown on
the field f bacteria can be had from Washington \

Next spring plow under the clover, spread 10 to 15
bushels of lime, 500 pounds of rock phosphate and
some potassium. Sow again to cow peas or soja
beans. This crop is also to be plowed under.

Your land will now be in fine order for oats if you
wish to sow a few acres. But the land intended for
corn the following spring should again be sowed to
German clover to prevent leaching during winter.
As land is rated here by the number of barrels of
corn it will produce, it should now yield 10 barrels
or fifty bushels if properly cultivated. The time has
come then to get some good graded stock and to ex-
tend the work of improving to the rest of the farm.

Don't imagine, however, that you can now afford
to let your stock of fertility run down. Of course,
your alfalfa field will get richer every year and you
will have more stable manure but even then it is ad-
visable to keep on growing peas and clover. Land in
the South should never be bare of vegetation. When
a crop is removed, sow peas or clover immediately
according to season, peas for summer, German clover
for winter. Always use lime, phosphorous and po-
tassium for these crops.

You have plowed under four crops at a cost of $5
for seed, with 70 bushels of lime, costing $4 (in car
load lots), 2,500 pounds rock phosphate at $10 and
S00 pounds potassium chloride at $1G. Your work
of plowing, seeding, disking, etc., should be worth
$16 per acre. If the land is near market or station
your improvements are more valuable than on land
less conveniently located. Life will be easier now
since the alfalfa field has reduced the acreage under
plow. The decaying crops have supplied the soil
with humus and the land will produce now as well as
land sold for $100 or more in Illinois and your pro-
ducts will bring from 50 to 100 per cent, more than
they would in most Western sections. N.

Hanover Co., Va.

We would advise the seeding of hairy vetch as well
a:1 German clover for a winter cover crop. The clover
is somewhat uncertain to stand every year whilst the
vetch can be relied on. — Ed.

WHAT ALFALFA IS GOOD FOR,

It is excellent, for soiling, that is to feed fresh-cut
to cows, especially when the pastures are sun-burnt
and the flies troublesome. It is fine for horses, after
letting it sweat a few hours. It fattens hogs green
or as hay. Chickens eat the hay as well as green
alfalfa. It makes the very richest and best hay and

164

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

is as nutritious as bran and is good for all kinds of
stock. Sheep and cattle will fatten on it. It comes
early in the spring, can be cut three or four times and
Btaya green late in the fall. It will live 100 years
and will make poor farms and poor farmers rich.

HAY SUBTITUTES FOR STOCK FEEDING,

Editor Southern Planter:

In giving consideration to articles of food for cat-
tle during the winter season, we are apt to expend
more thought on the various grains and concentrated
feeds, than on the more bulky materials, commonly
mentioned as roughage. This is but natural, as the
former are much more expensive, but particularly
because most farmers expect to raise enough of the
coarse articles and supplement with grains and mill
feeds as may be necessary.

Occasionally, however, the question of economy in
use of hay, corn stover, etc., forces itself upon us, and
when this occurs, the best solution of the problem be-
comes of vital importance.

During the season of 1002. this vicinity was visited
with a drought of unusual severity, almost no rain
falling: from April 1st to middle of September. About
two-thirds the usual amount of corn was grown per
acre, half of a wheat crop, while of hay we had per-
haps, a tenth the usual amount

When such drought prevails, stock of all kinds
fail to increase in size or flesh or to give the flow of
milk, that would lie the case in ordinary seasons, but
worse still, they go into winter quarters in bad con-
dition and with scanty feed of all kinds, to carry them
through. One may sell a portion of his stock, if he is
so fortunate as to find a market, but as prices that
must prevail will be very low. and as the same cat-
tle would probably be needed the following season,
fhe tendency is, to keep as many animals as can be
kept alive, trusting to an open winter and good for-
tune rather than good feed to carry them through.

As we had bur little haw but more w'hnar straw and
a very good amount of corn stover, and particularly
as cotton seed hulls were heing shipped into our im-
mediate neighborhood, it seemed a good time to study
the values of these articles - "hi \ substitutes.' We

also had a g 1 amount of silage, and this are! the

roughage mentioned above was given to the cows pro-
ducing milk, while to a lot of fou ed heif-
ers, the hay. straw, corn stover and cotton seed hulls
were given, as shown in a following table.

HAY SUBSTITUTES FOB DAIS? COWB.

For this work we selected fourteen cows of good
constitution and size, (most of them being Holstein
grades) and with as nearly like couditiouB, concern-

ing time of dropping last calf and date of becoming
fresh again, as circumstances would allow.

To these cattle we gave each a certain amount of
silage, viz.: 34 pounds per day. They also had 12
pounds of grain from a mixture as follows:

10 parts of corn and cob meal.

4 parts bran.

1 parts cotton seed meal.

5 parts dark feeding flour. (Commonly called
daisy middlings or red dog chop.)

2 parts linseed meal fold process).

The above est almost exactly one cent per pound.

As will be noted, three of the cows were very poor
milkers, Nos. 2, 9 and 13, but there was no reason
to think they would fall off in flow more rapidly in
proportion to amount given, than the others, and
thev suited better for the work than balance that were
available. These were the most common stock of the
lot and have since been slaughtered for beef.

The trial was continued for eleven weeks, and it
would be natural and it was expected that in that
time, nil animals would fall off somewhat in flow of
milk, and the amount of such reduction would be an
indication of relative value of food consumed. Be-
side the silage and grain given, each cow was allowed
all the roughage she would consume and of kinds as
indicated in tables.

Nos. 1 and 2, dry straw, mixed with the silage be-
fore feeding.

Nos. 3 and 4, dry corn stover.

Nos. 5 and 6, wet corn stover.

Nos. 7 and 8. dry straw (not mixed as with Nos.
1 and 2.)

Nos. o and 10, wet straw.

Nos. 11 and 12. dry hulls.

Nos. 1 3 and 14, wet hulls.

TABLE I.

5a = S

r >t ^f S

-pat:

^2 ^ <r

f-Si

3 I

e

AVERAGE LBS. CONSUMED PER WEEK.

o

if

^ — a>
00 wcc

>
o

Q

B

O
00

93 6
97.7

00

a

53.3
31.7

00

20.

36.5

a
b

a

28 7
35.8

o
C

I

1

2
8

i

6

t:

138 8
97.8
247.4
186.4
1 76 3
IS?. 7
215.3
20 1.
82 9
136.7
169.8
222.3
103.3
168 3

144.5
69 6
216.1
195 6
190.
188 6

1-12.5
R2 8
131.4
154 1)
173.8
81.5
99 7

+5 7
—28.2
—31.3
+10.2
+14.7

+2.9
—47.
—61.6
-30.1

—1.3

104.2
99.1

100.2
95.6

q

fl

10

11

1?

-48.5
—21.8
— B8.fi

IS

93 4

1J

103 3

A portion of the cows were fed dry and others wet,
roughuge, to see if the moisture would add to pala-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

165

tability and consequent greater consumption and
with resultant better yield of milk.

Cows given a moderate ration of grain and silage,
could not be expected to eat these coarse materials,
with any great relish, and if by any manipulation
we can make them more palatable, we may use them
to better advantage than would otherwise be possible.

If we consider first, cows Nos. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the
former pair given dry and the latter wet, stover, the
amount consumed was slightly more with the cows
given the dry article, if we judge by the averages as
given in the table. In comparing the pairs, how-
ever the table is not absolutely accurate. After the
stover was once wet (and the same applies with
equal force to the other articles) it is impossible to
re-dry it and leave exactly the same amount of mois-
ture it had before the wetting, hence any food that
was left, had to be weighed back as nearly correct as
possible, but with an unavoidable element, of error.
Understanding this, the amount of stover con-
sumed was practically the same in each case. Three
out of four of these cows made a gain, rather than
a loss in the flow. No. 3 alone giving a reduced yield
by 31.3 pounds, as indicated by the minus sign, and
this becomes rather more of note as only one other
cow (No. 1) in the entire list, made a gain in milk
production. If we now glance at Nos. 7, 8. 9 and 10,
the former pair given dry and the others wet wheat
si raw, we find again that more of the former than of
the latter, was eaten. Of the whole four, only one
would eat as much as five pounds of straw per day,
going without roughage (except the silage") rather
than eat more of the kind offered. This heme- the
case it is not to be wondered at, that each cow de-
creased in flow of milk.

When we turn to the last lot of four animalsj we
find a condition very unlike the others, seems to exist,
but in reality the large amount of hulls eaten by
Nos. 13 and 14 is not due alone to the moistened con-
dition.

After vainly attempting f°r two weeks to get the
iVfiws to eat the moistened hulls we found it would he
i impossible to get them to consume any appreciable
amount. We also found Nos. 11 and 12 did not
relish them, at times leaving in the manger almost
the entire amount that had been given. For these
reasons we not only moistened the hulls given Nos.
13 and 14, but we mixed with them a portion of their
grain ration, the dry grain given them being re-
duced by the amount placed on the hulls. By this
means they consumed ever three times as many
hulls as did the two preceding. To find the exact

amount of these moistened and grain covered hulls
that was consumed, was extremely difficult and ut-
most care was necessary, that only such amount
should be given as would be eaten.

Realizing that wheat straw would not be relished
by any of the cows, we concluded to not only moisten
it for one lot, but to set aside a third pair, giving
them straw mixed with their silage and feeding it
after it had been mixed for a short time, to give it a
chance of getting the flavor of the silage. In this we
were not disappointed, for both cows ate a very con-
siderable amount of the straw and the yield of milk-
was second only to the stover fed lot. The straw
could not be easily separated from the silage, by the
cow. and the whole was eaten with evident relish.

Noting the conditions under which these two cows
seemed to thrive, we, in February, began feeding a
considerable number in our herd (about twenty cows)
with silage and straw mixed. Our method of hand-
ling it was, in the afternoon, just before dusk, we
placed in a room convenient, alternate layers of
silage and cut straw. This was allowed to remain
until next morning, when the whole mass would be
quite warm and the straw soft. Tt was fed to the
cows during the day and another lot prepared. By
this means we used a large amount of straw and ob-
viated the necessity for buying hay.

D. O. Nourse, Agriculturist.
Experiment Station, Blackslmrg, Va.
(To be continued next month.)

We had intend-
ed to publish a pic-
ture of Pro f.
Nourse in our Jan-
uary issue but fail-
ed to receive same
in time. We have
now pleasure i n
presenting same in
connection with
this article. Prof.
Nourse has 1>< n
the Agriculturist
at Blackshurg for
many years and
we have published
a number of valu-
able contributions
from him. — Ed.

When corresponding with advertisers mention
Thk Southern Planxeb.

166

THE SOUTU.ERN PLANTER.

[March,

ENQUIRER'S COLUMN.

Enquiriei should be sent to the office of Tiie Southebn
Plakter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear In the next month's issue.

Tomato Growing— Potato (Irish).

Please give a full treatise on the best commercial
fertilizer suitable for the different crops. What com-
poses the best fertilizer for tomatoes? I fear that
the tomato subject is too much neglected iu Virginia.
Do you not know that Roanoke and Botetourt coun-
ties produce more tomatoes than any other two coun-
ties in the United States ? What is needed for toma-
toes is something that will act from the very first and
help to retain moisture during the drouths that gen-
erally occur while tomatoes are maturing. A fertil-
izer that has a tendency to hasten the maturity too
rapidly is worse than no fertilizer at all. Will not
the editor and some of our well experienced growers
give us a full treatise on the best mode and plans for
cultivating this delicious vegetable "by the fields
full ?" Another question, What is the largest smooth
potato grown in the South ?

Boanohe Co., Va. E. E. Engleman.

We will endeavour to write an article for this issue
on tomato growing. If net found in this issue it shall
appear in April. Meanwhile sow the seed in boxes
or in gentle hot beds so that the plants may be grow-
ing ready for transplanting to grow stocky plants
for setting out in the fields in May. We are aware
that the two counties named make large crops of to-
matoes but we doubt whether they grow more than
some of the Maryland counties. They are also now
largely grown in Tidewater Virginia.

By "Smooth" potatoes we presume you to mean
Irish potatoes. Burbank. Peach Blow and Carmen
No. 3 are generally reputed to grow the largest sized
tubers. In writing on the several crops in each is-
sue we always state the particular plant food for
which the crop calls, but never advise any particular
brand of mixed fertilizer. We do not advise the use
of readv mixed fertilizers at all. — En.

Improving Land— Seeding to Grass and Clover.

We have 60 acres of medium grade land (30 acres
plowed in fall) which we are trying to improve. It
is our idea to sow sapling clover and a few timothy
and red top seed. How early in spring would you
advise sowing, and would you sow any small grain i
ff so, what? Our main object is to improve the
soil and get grass. A. G. P.

Culpeper Co., Va.

Unless this land is really fertile and rich we would
not advise attempting to get into grass and clover at

once by spring seeding. The fall is the proper time
to sow grass and clover in the South. We would ad-
cise you to prepare the land well by deep plowing and
cultivation this spring. Apply 300 pounds of acid
phosphate to the acre and then sow cow peas, one
bushel to the acre. Cut this crop for hay in August,
leaving a long stubble. Then cut up this stubble with
a disc harrow and apply 300 pounds of bone meal to
the acre and sow two bushels of grass seed (a mix-
ture of orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass and red
top in equal parts, and eight pounds of red or sapling
clover to the acre. Cover with a light harrow and
if dry enough roll. The grass seeds should be sown
not later than September. Sow no grain with the
grass seeds and you will then probably succeed in
getting a good stand of grass. — Ed.

Alfalfa— Fig Trees— Bermuda Grass.

1. Please give me some information in regard to
alfalfa. I sowed some last spring about 1st of April,
and I sowed some last. October. I find I only have a
small stand on each piece of land. Woiild you ad-
vise me to run a disc over these lots and put in more
seed ? The first piece sowed in spring has right
much grass and clover in it. Last fall I mowed it
twice and let it lay on the ground for a cover.

2. I have also a nice lot of fig bushes on the farm,
and they grow every year, and always have a heavy
foliage of leaves, and look very thrifty, but never
bear any fruit at all. Can you explain the cause of
this? Is there anything that can be done to make
them bear fruit ?

3. I have also some grape vines that don't bear.
They may be too old.

4. Is there any way to get rid of wire grass in a
garden ? R. P. Taliafeeeo.

Gloucester Co., Va.

1. Probably the reason why the alfalfa has not
made a good stand is the absence of the necessary
alfalfa bacteria in the soil. When the land is dry
enough run a disc harrow over it and sow 10 or 1 5
pounds more seed to the acre, first infecting this seed
with alfalfa bacteria which you can procure from the
Department of Agriculture, Washington, or sowing
over the field a bushel or two per acre of soil pro-
cured from a field having -already a good stand of
alfalfa. Until the land is thoroughly infected with
the bacteria the alfalfa will not grow luxuriantly.

2. As to the fig trees we have had several similar
complaints, but are unable to suggest a remedy.
Write the Experiment Station. Raleigh, N. C, for
their Bulletin on fi? growing. Possibly this will give
you information which wilj help you.

3. Tt is not worth while to work with the old vines.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

167

Dig them up and work the land well and set out new
young vines.

4. The way to get rid of the wire grass in a gar-
den is to dig it out. It is possible if you can spare
the garden for a year to smother the grass out with a
heavy growth of cow peas. — Ed.

Tomato Blight— Winter Cabbage.

1. Would you kindly tell me the best remedy for
blight on tomatoes, the same having nearly killed my
tomato vines the two last years just about the time
the tomatoes began to ripen. Is it not better not to
put any manure near the roots when setting out
plants?

2. Would you also state the best time to sow late
cabbage seed, and the best time to set out plants for
winter use ?

3. What is the best remedy for worms or other
insects on cabbage?

4. What is the best remedy for chicken cholera ?
Warwick Co., Va. . Subscriber.

1. Spraying with Bordeaux Mixture is the best
known remedy for tomato blight hut is not always a
specific. You should change the location of your
tomato plot as the land where they have blighted for
two years is no doubt infested with the spores of the
disease and will give it to any plants set out in the
same ground.

2. The seed for winter cabbage plants should not
be sowed until July and the plants should then be
pushed on by plenty of manure and cultivation so as
to have them ready to set out in August and Sep-
tember.

3. In the spray calendar in this issue you will
find the proper remedies for cabbage worms.

4. We know of no certain remedy for chicken
cholera. It is a germ disease and when once a flock
has become infested with the germs which are con-
veyed from one fowl to another by the droppings
nothing can certainly be relied on to stop it. A little
carbolic acid in the drinking water and the disinfec-
tion of the runs and houses with solution of copperas
is ahout the best that can be done. — En.

Specking of Tobacco.

1. Do tobacco stalks sneck tobacco put on land in
the spring and fallowed ?

2. From what, cause docs tobacco speck?

3. I had a good lot of tobacco Inst year, as I
thought, but when I classed it I found that it 'was
specked with white specks. G. T. Allen.

Lvvevburg Co., Va.

The oause of tobacco specking is obscure. It is be-

lieved to be a fungoid disease and that the germs are
carried on the stalks and damaged leaves left in the
field and that from these the soil or the manure used
becomes infected and carries the disease to the next
crop. It is not a wise practise to fallow the stalks
in wherever specking has injured the crop. Better to
burn them and all trash from the crop. — Ed.

Grass Seeding.

I have a piece of land that I sowed to grass in the
early part of October last. I purchased my seed of
T. W. Wood & Sons, Mixture No. 3. About one-
sixth of the seed came up. Will you tell me what
will be best for me to do. Must I break my land
afresh this spring and sow to oats and grass, or grass
alone, or will it answer to harrow the land thoroughly
and reseed, or will it be safe to wait and see if the
seed which has lain dormant will come up this
spring, as we had very dry weather last fall and
winter ? The land is steep and subject to wash.

Surry Co., N. C. E. J. Miller.

We would wait and see if the seed which did not
come up in the fall would yet germinate. We think
probably much of it will do so, seeing the dry condi-
tion of the land and the late period at which it was
sown. — Ed.

Sweet Potato Growing.

1. When must I bed potatoes for growing slips,
and when should the slips be set out?

2. How many bushels of potatoes should I bed to
get slips sufficient to set four acres?

3. Would you advise fertilizing? If so, what kind
and how much per acre? The land is a light sandy
soil, and is very productive.

4. Which is the best variety ?

5. Please send specifications for a house that will
hold eight hundred bushels. Geo. W. Shipp.

Catawba Co., N. C.

1. In your section the potato slips may be set out
in the field from May to July. It usually takes
about five weeks to grow the slips from the time of
bedding the tubers. This will give you an idea when
to bed the tubers according to when you want to plant
them in the field.

2. Medium sized potatoes will grow from 2,000
to 3,000 slips per bushel at two or three drawings.

3. If your land is very productive it is not likely
that it will be wise to fertilize it as this would pro-
duce excessive vine growth and reduee the crop of
tubers.

4. If the potatoes are intended for a Northern
market a dry mealy variety like the Yellow Nanse-
mond should be grown. If for a Sputhjern market a

168

Tire SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

soft sugary potato like a Yam should be grown.

5. We will deal with th<
house for sweet potatoes later in I

Strawberries— Raspberries.

Should strawberries ho cultivated in the spring
when planted in the fall '. Will raspberries bear fruit
the summer following fall planting? C. M. Bass.

Yes. Cultivate the strawbei as tlie

ground is dry enough and thus growth.

Raspberries will not bear much fruil the fi)
son. They may cxrrx

that they should not be encouraged to do so but rather
be encouraged to grow and make wood for next sea-
son's bearing. — En.

sonic shall I nse to obtain "worm free" apples, and
w lien is best time to use it ?

Charlotte Co., Va. Mrs. Charles. Guthrie.

1. Make the lime wash for fruit trees just as you
would fur lime washing a building. Place a few lime-
stones in a tub and pour water on them and let them
slake and fall, then thin down the mixture with more
water until thin enough to spray or apply with a
brush.

2. Mix 4 ounces of Paris green with 50 gallons
of Bordeaux mixture. Spray as soon as the blossoms
have fallen and whilst the young fruits are standing
upright bo that the arsenic of the "green" may sertle
in the calyx of the fruit as that is the place where

-rm enters the fruit. — -En.

Irish Potato Growinq.

With a suitable season |his year T want to raise a
large crop of Irish potatoes, and wish to get ihe
largest possible yield peT nd is in a fine

state of cultivation, havini 1 d able manure broad-
casted over it four years in succession, and have bud
neas on it twice during the lime. What T wish to
know is, what kind of fertilizer shall 1 use to get the
biggest yield (give formula), or do vou think it best
to buy Peruvian guano (I see it advertised in vour
columns), and add potash, etc., to it? Tf so
state what amount of potash and ammonia, if any. to
get a maximum crop. • Benson.

Rockingham Co., N. C.

A crop of 300 bushels of 1 bs to the acre

removes from the soil about

25 pounds of phosphoric acid and 85 pounds of pot
ash. To supply this a fertilizer made up of 100
pounds of nitrate of soda. 200 pounds cotton seed
meal. 500 pounds of bone tankage. 400 pounds of
acid nhospate and 200 pounds of muriate of potash
mav be used. This will give an excess of (ho require
ments of a 300 bushel oron and with land in the con-
dition in which vou describe v<Uirs should ramble von
to make the maximum vield nf land \<

capable if tbe season be a suitable one Tu npolyine
the above mix well with soil 1 tbe sets

as it is a verv concentrated mixture. We think thai
tbe above mixture will nrol likplv tc

make n maximum crop f Pern

vian Guano Bupplemi nted

Whitewash for Fruit Trees Wormv Annies.

1. Will von kindlv furnish reeipn for whit
to rirc'ont early Swelling nf fruit buds ?

2. What proportion of Bordeaux mixture and ar-

Preserving Skins of Animals— Horses Rubbing
Tails— Vetch Seed.

1. Please inform me how to preserve the skins of
animals so the hair will not fall out.

2. What causes horses to rub the roots of their
tails? If it is worms, what will relieve them '.

'■'>. Ts it best to procure vetch seed from a seedsman
or a store ? E. Y. P.

Campbell Co., Va.

1. The skins of animals may be preserved by
sprinkling them with a mixture of two parts sal
and one part of alum. Pulverize finely and sprinkle
all over the flesh side of the skin and fold the skin
flesh to flesh and roll up and let it lie a day or two.
then with a dull knife remove the meat and fat if any
on the skin and hung to dry. When about half dry
commence to rub and work to make the skin supple
•n inue a1 intervals until dry.
■-' The itching nf the root of tbe tail may be caused
In lice on the skin or arise from pin worms in the
bowels. If from lice wash the itching part with a
solution of tobacco made by boiling tobacco in water,
pin worms an injection into the rectum of an
[ti chips, half a pound to a gallon of

water once or twice daily will give relief. Give also
hall of Barbadoes aloes 1 on
3. Buv the vetch seed from a seedsman. — En.

Ginsenn.

Will von lindU give mi ' '

Planter regarding the cnltui'e
and wh i aires light or sti fl

Hanover t >.. Va. 11. .7. Robe u h.

We do not think thai it is at all d<
undertaken a
Soul hern farmers as we doubt much its profit'
ableneea in the long run. It is a slow business to

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

169

begin with as the roots take two or three rears to be-
come large enough for market except for plants to
set out new beds and when all the new beds which
have been raised from seed or roots come into pro-
ducing marketable roots the price of the article will
no doubt, fall largely. The only people in the world
who have any use for Ginseng are the Chinese and
whether when they become more enlightened they
will want it remains to be seen. The best soil for
Ginseng is a good loam, not too light and not too
heavy. The best aspect for a bed is a Northern one
and shade and moisture is most desirable, indeed
esential to success. The soil should be full of vege-
table matter like the forest lands in which the roots
grow wild. It should be free from stones and other
obstructions so that the roots may grow straight and
be deep and without a hard clay subsoil. — Ed.

Draining Land.

Could I make a successful drain with thin pine
poles, then sawdust before putting back the soil ?

Princess Anne Co., Va. P. H. Stone.

Yes, it is possible to make a drain with three pine
poles which will be effective for some time. Unless,
however, the poles are kept continuously under water
they will rot in a few years and the drain will cease
to act. Do not use saw dust on the poles, pill in
first the clay from the bottom of the drain and pack
this tight on the poles. The more perfectly the tiles
or other drain medium are embedded in clay the bet-
ter the drain will draw and the wider the area it will
clear from water. Por a perfect and permanent sys-
tem of drainasre tiles should always be used. — Ed.

easily acclimated in the South. They are not the best
of mutton sheep as the Downs excel them in this re-
spect, still they will make good marketable mutton.
2. The large Yorkshire hogs are a white breed of
pigs noted as bacon hogs. They are long deep bodied
hogs and the sows are excellent breeders, bringing
large litters and milking well. The only drawback
to the breed for the South is their white skins, which
are easily sunburnt, and then they are apt to become
covered with a thick scurf. They should have plenty
of shade when kept in the South. A black hog, like a
black man, stands the hot Southern sun the best.
Apart from this wo think the Yorkshire hogs most
desirable as they make (lie bacon the market calls
for at the present time. — Ed.

Dorset Sheep.

1. Please give description of the Dorset sheep, and
how they compare with other breeds as to hardiness,
size, quality and quantity of wool, and quality of
mutton.

2. Also give description of large Yorkshire hogs,
claimed, I believe, to be the coming bacon hog of the
country, giving size, color, hardiness and prolificness,
as compared to other breeds. W. L. Richards.

Fauquier Co., Va.

1. The Dorset sheep is a white medium sized horn-
ed sheep with a loose medium quality fleece. The
great characteristic of the Dorset is its prolificacy and
capability of producing lambs early in the winter to
supply the demand for early lamb. In this they excel
all other breeds. Indeed they may be said to be all
the year round producers of lambs. These lambs
they feed well and quickly as they are great milkers.
The breed has proved itself thoroughly hardy and

Corn for Hog Feeding— Cow Peas, Chufas and
Rape for Hog Pastures.

^ I want to fatten some hogs for the August or first
September market, on green feed as much as possible.

1. What is the earliest corn I can plant to feed in
the green state before the ears get too hard for table
use?

2. Would it pay to plant sugar corn for this pur-
pose, or is there an early variety of com that I could
get that would serve me for this purposes by the first
of July ?

3. Will it pay to plant Spanish chufas for hogs
to graze hogs on in fall ?

_ 4. Is there an early cow pea that would come in
time for hogs this fall by plowing up a wheat stubble
after harvest the last of June?

5. Which variety of the cow pea is the quickest to
mature?

0. Could I sow rape on this land for pasture for
hogs this fall, say in June ?

7. I see the Spanish chufas or nut grass highly
spoken of by seedsmen as a hog pasture, but have not
seen anything of them in the farm papers.

Albemarle Co., Va. A New Enquieeb.

In this issue you will find a very interesting and
instructive article on the subject of pasturage for
hogs from Prof. Newman, of South Carolina, which
will no doubt help you.

1. Southern White Snowflake, Pdount's Prolific,
Learning an,l Golden Dent are about the earliest
corns grown.

2. In many sections the sugar corn, like Adam's
early and Trucker's Favorite are planted when for
some reason a special early corn is required, but their
yield is small compared with the field varieties, and
it is doubtful whether it would pay to grow them for
hog feed. We know of no corn that will give you
good ears by 1st July unless we have a very early

170

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

spring and the land is warm enough to plant corn in
the beginning of April, which is rarely the case.

3. Chufas are largely used for hog pasture in the
States bordering on the Gulf, but have not been much
tried in this State. You might experiment with tbe
crop, but do not plant largely until tested in your
section.

4. The New Era Cow Pea is the earliest variety
and grows and yields well here. Red Ripper is also
an early variety. Both these varieties will mature
planted after the wheat crop is harvested. The Black
Cow Pea is the next quickest to mature and will
usually do so planted in June.

5. See reply to 4.

6. Rape should not be sown for fall pasturage be-
fore August or September.

7. Chufas are grown for hog feed in the Gulf
States, but we do not know that they have been tried
in this State. We are not much impressed with then-
value from what we have learned from one or two of
our friends in South Carolina. — Ed.

Tomato Rot— Potato Bugs— Nitrate of Soda for
Irish Potatoes, Etc.— Gad Fly.

1. What will prevent tomatoes from decaying be-
fore maturing?

2. Is Bordeaux mixture the best preparation to
use as an exterminator of potato bugs, also a small
bug that is very destructive to young cucumber
plants ?

3. For a prolific crop of sweet and Irish potatoes
would you advise to use nitrate of soda ?

4. The gastrophilus equi (gad fly) which annoys
the horse very much' during the summer months, de-
positing its eggs upon the horse's knee, shoulder, or
fore legs. After the eggs have hatched, are the larva
more or less apt to produce some disease of the horse ?
If so, what, and is it internal or external ?

Bristol, Va.-Tenn. J. Kent Kinzeb.

1. The best thing to use is Bordeaux mixture, but
this is not a certain preventive. In some years and
on some lane1 ; nothing will check the disease. Land
on which tomatoes have developed this disease ought
not again to be used for growing them for several
years and all vines and decayed fruits should be de-
stroyed by burning. The land also should be given
a dressing of lime. It is a fungoid disease of obscure
origin and the remedy for or prevention of which has
not yet been discovered.

2. The best exterminator of potato bugs is Paris
green applied either as a spray or in powder form.
The bugs infesting cucumbers and melons cannot be
easily controlled or kept from doing injury. Many

large growers protect the young plants by coverin0
them with muslin stretched on frames and this is
most certain in its effect. Others dust the plants with
bone meal when moist with dew.

3. An excess of nitrogen is not advisable for the
Irish or sweet potato crop. It causes them to run to
vine instead of tubers. A fertilizer having 5 or 6
per cent, of ammonia is rich enough in this element
for Irish potatoes, whilst for sweet potatoes half this
quantity is enough. Nitrate of soda may be used to
supply this in part. We would not advise more than
75 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre for Irish po-
tatoes and half this quantity for sweet ones.

4. This fly, the common gad fly, is the progenitor
of the bot worm which infests the stomach of most
horses. The eggs or larva are taken into the mouth
of the horse from the legs by the horse biting at the
places where the eggs are laid. These then pass on
into the stomach and there attach themselves to the
lining of the stomach by the mouth. They so remain
until fully grown and then let go and pass out in the
d ung. It is no use trying to dislodge them, as no med-
icine has any effect upon them. They do not cause
any injury or damage to the horse. — Ed.

Profitable Sheep and Hogs— Fertilizer for Peanuts.

1. What breed of sheep is most profitable for fleece
and early lambs ?

2. What breed of hogs would yo\\ advise for pork
raising ?

3. I am a new subscriber to the Southern Plant
er, seeing you do not favor the use of commercial
fertilizer, which is extensively used here, what for-
mula, or what ingredients, and in what proportion
per acre should be used for Virginia peanuts here in
Tidewater Virginia? O. M. Cockes.

Surry Co., Va.

1. This depends much on the climate and charac-
ter of the country where they are to be kept. The
heavy long woolled breeds are not adapted to be kept
in a hot climate, where heavy drenching rains are
common or where the land is semi-mountainous. They
do not do well, as a rule, in the South. For this
State and those immediately adjoining we think any
of the Down breeds or the Dorsets the best.

2. Either Berkshires or Large Yorkshires. The
Essex is also a good hog for this purpose, and some
speak highly of the Duroc Jerseys.

3. A crop of (JO bushels of peanuts to the acre
contains in nuts and berries 84 pounds of nitrogen,
14 pounds of phosphoric acid, 32 pounds of potash,
and 46 pounds of lime. Part of this nitrogen is ob-
tained from the atmosphere, the peanut being a

1004.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

171

legume. A proper fertilizer for supplying sufficient
nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash can be made
up of 300 pounds of cotton seed meal, SO pounds of
acid phosphate, and 24 pounds of kainit. Lime
should be applied to the land growing peanuts every
two or three years, say at the rate of 20 bushels to
the acre. — Ed.

Breeding Hares— Johnson Grass— Grasses.

1. Do you think it would be a good investment to
fence in, say 10 acres of land with poultry wire close
enough to prevent a rabbit from getting through and
devote it to raising the old field hare ? Do you know
of a farm that is raising them at present? How
many young does one female have a year ?

2. Do you think that Johnson grass will do well
as far north as Amherst county ?

3. Will it do well sown in spring with oats ? Will
it grow on thiner land than timothy ?

4. Please mention some good hay grasses that will
take better on thin land than timothy. H. J.

Amherst Co., Va.

1. We are unable to give any reliable advice on
breeding "old field hares." We have never heard of
any one carrying on this business. If you want to
breed hares the Belgian hare is the one to use. Whilst
the "old field" hare only produces two young ones at
a time and doe9 not often have more than one or two
litters in the year, the Belgian hare produces from
two to six at a litter and breeds all the year round.

2. Yes, Johnson grass will grow in Amherst coun-
ty, Va.

3. As it is really a sorghum and not a grass
spring is the proper time to sow it. It should be
sown alone and not with grain. Sow from a bushel
to a bushel and a half of seed per acre. It will grow
on any fairly fertile land but the better the land the
better the yield.

4. If the land be dry orchard grass and tall mead-
ow oat grass should succeed. On damp or wet land
sow red top.- — Ed.

Potash— Fertilizer for Cotton— Clover in Cotton.

Please tell me how much potash clay land contains
to the acre, and tell me how much fertilizer is needed
per acre to grow from li to 3 bales to the acre, and
how to apply it ? I saw last year that you advised to
sow clover in cotton at the last working. I did so,
and it came \\y> pretty well, but it did not stand.

Camden Co., N. C. J. B. Elliott.

All clay land has usually a sufficient supply of
potash in it for all ordinary crops. How much it con
tains can only be determined by analysis. Eor crops

like tobacco and Irish potatoes which are great con-
sumers of potash, it is, however, usually necessary to
supplement the natural supply by some form of pot-
ash salts. In cotton growing it is also well to add
some potash in the form of Kainit as this has the
effect of checking rust in the crop. It is impossible
for any one to say what quantity of fertilizer to apply
per acre in order to produce a given quantity of cot-
ton or any other crop, as this depends more on the
mechanical and physical condition of the soil than
the quantity of plant food actually present in the
soil. Nearly all the cotton lands of the South need
vegetable matter more than they need fertilizer in
order to become thoroughly productive. Grow cow
peas and clover on them and turn them under until
the lands are rich in vegetable matter and then a
small quantity of fertilizer will make a large yield
of cotton. In our article, Work for the Month, you
will find advice as to the quantity and kind of fer-
tilizer to use on the cotton crop. Try the clover
(crimson) in the cotton again. It probably died out
from climatic causes. — Ed.

Sheep Troughs and Racks— Preventing Sheep
Jumping— Castrating Lambs.

Will you please answer the following or get some
of your readers to do so :

1. Give plans for feeding troughs and racks for
sheep that are convenient, prevent waste and keep
the lambs and sheep out of the feed ?

2. Some device (if any) to prevent sheep from
jumping fences of ordinary height.

3. The easiest way to castrate lambs, at what time
the best. Is it safe to cut testicles and bag at the
same time ? B. L. Amblee.

Amherst Co., Va.

1. The best sheep rack and trough we have ever
seen is one we used regularly. It is a combination
of rack and trough together. The rack is a V-shaped
one with the bottom set in the middle of a trough
about a foot wide and six inches deep. This trough
is set on four or six legs raising it about nine inches
from the ground. The space in the trough on each
side of the bottom of the rack is so narrow that the
lambs cannot well get into it, and especially so as the
staves of the rack project over it on account of the
V form of the rack. The top of the V should have a
lid on it to keep out the rain. This should be hung
on hinges so that it can be lifted easily to fill the rack
with hay.

2. In the North of England sheep on the Moors
are often coupled together in pairs by collars round
their necks to prevent them jumping fences.

172

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

3. The easiest way to castrate lambs is to cut off
the bag and testicles together. This should be done
as early as possible after the testicles are well formed
in the bag. It is not safe to castrate in this way after
the testicles are large. Then the bag must be slit and
the testicles be withdrawn. — Ed.

Crimson Clover.

The first of October last I had some crimson clover
sowed on pea stubble, having prepared the ground
with a disc harrow. I secured a hne stand which
only lasted a few weeks and before cold weather ar-
rived it had all disappeared and left theground bar-
ren. Please advise what you think the trouble was.
There were some Hies to be seen on the land. Do you
think they destroyed it? Is there any chance for it
to come out in the spring? A Subscriber.

Hamilton Co., Tenn.

Climatic causes no doubt caused the death of the
clover. This is one of the weaknesses of this valua-
ble crop, that it is very apt to be killed soon after
germination by hot dry weather, or by a sudden cold
spell before it has made good root hold. It is not at
all likely to come out again this spring. The only
way to certainly secure a stand of crimson clover is
to commence sowing in August and seed part only
of the lot and then to seed other part later in the
month and in September and October. If the first
is killed out before October reseed. — Ed.

Pedigree Seed Corn.

I am contemplating buying some pedigreed seed
corn this spring, what variety is best for general pur-
poses, and where should 1 buy to get corn suited to
this climate, being unable to find it here ? Would it
be advisable to plant any considerable quantity of
corn grown in different soil and climate ?

Russell Co., Va. Subscriber.

We are not conversant with the varieties of corn
which have been made the subject of breeding in the
West and therefore cannot say what you should ask
for. We noticed recently that a Corn Breeding So-
ciety has been established in Maryland. We think
that you would be likely to do better with a vaviety
from' that State than from the West. Write the Di-
rector of the Maryland Experiment Station, College
Park, Md., for information as to the varieties being
bred and where you can procure some. We would
not advise the planting of more than an experimental
plot of any variety. — Ed.

Strawberry Plants.

Pleas*1 tell ns how to propagate "trawberrv plants |

and how many can I expect from one dozen plants?
Suppose 1 buy six different varieties, one dozen
plants each, this spring and set them out, how many
plants can 1 get from the 72, one year hence?

Appomattox Co., Va. J. W. Gilliam.

If you buy and set out 72 plants of different varie-
ties this spring, setting them out in rows two feet
apart and one foot apart in the rows, you will next
spring have plants enough to set an acre of land, or
possibly more, if the season be a normal one. Each
plant will make a number of runners varying from
two to half a dozen and on each runner you will have
two or three plants. — Ed.

Tobacco and Cow Peas— Pine Tags.

1. Why is it that tobacco does not do well after
cow peas ?

2. Have pine beards any value as a fertilizer?
Brunswick Co., Va. A. C. B.

1. This is a question to which we can give no defi-
nite reply. Investigation has not yet settled the
cause, but it is recognized by tobacco growers as an
established fact. In many cases it may be from the
peas being turned under too green and causing a sour-
ing of the land. In other cases it may be because of
the peas being great consumers of the mineral fer-
tilizers, especially potash, which is very essential to
tobacco, and thus unbalancing the plant food content
of the soil.

2. Pine tags have little true fertilizing value yet
they often appear to help a crop. This arises from
their mechanical effect on the soil and when used as a
mulch from the shade given. — Ed.

Lice on Musk Melons— Tobacco Dust.

1. Will you please tell me some remedy to destrov
plant lice on musk melons ?

2. Is tobacco dust a good insecticide with a little
sulphur ? If so, how much of it would you apply ?

Madison Co., III. Subscriber.

1. Spray with kerosene emulsion.

-2. Tobacco dust alone is a good insecticide. The
sulphur will not help it Dust the plants freely, it
will never hurt them. — Ed.

Larva for Name.

Find enclosed larva. Give name, and whether de-
structive. Found on apple tree.

Charles City Co., Va. Nedvtdek Bros.

We are unable to identify the larva. It is always
difficult to give the name of insects from the larval
forms, as there are so many of them so much alike.
Look out for the insect itself when it hatches out and
send it and we will endeavor to name it — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

173

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The continuance of severe wintery weather dur-
ing nearly the whole of February has prevented the
doing of most of the work which we suggested for
that month in our last issue. Even in the Tidewater
sections of this State and in Eastern North Carolina
the weather has been too severe for any material pro-
gress to have been made with the planting of crops.
The crowding of the work usually done in the late
fall and midwinter months into the spring months is
going to cause serious inconvenience and in all prob-
ability a curtailment of crops. It will also, we fear,
be found that considerable injury has been done to
fall planted cabbage, kale and spinach crops. Those
who had cabbage plants in cold frames or where
they could be protected with mats or brush will rind
these plants very useful now to fill in where the fall
planted ones have been killed. This work should be
done as soon as the ground is dry enough to work.
When setting out these plants freshen up the soil by
lifting and breaking.it with a fork before setting the
new plants.

The planting of the Irish potato and English pea
crop should have the very earliest attention possible.
It is getting late even now for English peas, as they
suffer immediately the hot weather sets in. In our
last issue we wrote fully on the preparation for and
fertilizing of the land for these crops and refer our
readers to that issue. For the benefit of the hundreds
of new subscribers who have come onto our list since
that issue was mailed we will repeat what we said as
to the fertilizer to be used with the Irish potato crop.
Mix

300 pounds of nitrate of soda.

600 pounds of cotton seed meal or fish scrap.

800 pounds of acid phosphate (12 per cent).

300 pounds of muriate of potash,
to make a ton and apply at the rate of from 500 to
1,000 pounds to the acre. In our replies to enquirers
will be found a formula for an even more concen-
trated fertilizer for this crop than the above. In
using these two mixtures it should be the rule to mix
them very completely with the soil before dropping
the sets or they may cause injury to the sprouts.

Although late do not be tempted to work land
until it is dry enough to leave the plow and the other
implements clean. Land worked too wet is worse
than land not worked at all until late. Instead of

working too wet land get out the compost and farm
yard manure and mix the mineral fertilizers, phos-
phate and potash, with them and in this way econo-
mise time.

As soon as the land is dry enough cultivate the fall
planted cabbages and thus encourage them to grow
and as soon as growth has started give them a dress-
ing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre. This
will stimulate them and enable the roots to get hold
of the fertility in the land.

Make up hot beds for striking sweet potato slips
and raising tomato plants, egg plants, peppers and
early canteloupes. The beds should be made up of
good fresh horse manure which should be well forked
over and put up in a solid mass the size of the bed re-
quired. Let lay for a few days until nicely heated
and then turn over and make up again. After this
let alone until heated up again and the heat has begun
to fall and then cover with three or four inches of
good woods mould or rich soil. Then cover with
sash or mats and the bed is ready for use. If the
heat is slow in coming up water the bed so as to make
it fairly damp and it will soou heat up. Too much
water, however, will check heating. Tomato seed
should be sown in the fore part of this month to se-
cure plants for early setting and a later seeding
should be made for the main crop.

Lettuce in frames should have plenty of air in all
mild weather and the plants in the open ground be
encouraged to grow by cultivation. Spring salads of
all kinds should be sown in small plots in sheltered
places for the earliest crop. April is soon enough to
sow for main crop.

Strawberry and other small fruit beds should have
cultivation as soon as the ground is dry enough to
work, to encourage growth, and if the strawberries are
not looking thrifty should have a mixture of nitrate
of soda, potash and acid phosphate sown on the bed
when the plants are dry and be worked in. Use 100
pounds of nitrate of soda 150 pounds of muriate of
potash and 300 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre.

The pruning of grape vines and all other fruit
trees and shrubs should be completed as soon as pos-
sible b efore the sap commences to run. Tie up vines
and canes to stakes or trellises when the pruning is
completed.

174

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

FORMULA FOR SPRAY MIXTURES.

COPPER SULFATE SOLUTION.

Copper Sulfate (Bluestone) 1 pound

Water 15 gallons

Dissolve the copper sulfate in a bucket of hot
water, as it dissolves more quickly in hot water ; and
dilute to the desired quantity, i'se wooden or earth-
en, vessels for copper sulfate solution. This solution
is to be used on dormant plants, before the leaves
have expanded.

BORDEAUX MIXTURE.

Copper Sulfate 4 pounds

Unslaked Lime 6 pounds

Water 40 gallons

Dissolve the copper sulfate as mentioned above,
•dake the lime in a bucket of water and dilute with
several gallons of water and strain through a coarse
cloth to free the mixture of the small lumps. They
interfere with the free flow of the mixture through
the sprav nozzles. Mix the two solutions together
and add water to make 40 gallons. Tse this for rots,
molds, mildews and all fungus diseases. For potato
blight add two pounds more of copper sulfate.

A combined fungicide and insecticide for biting in-
sects may be made by adding 4 ounces of either Paris
Green or London Purple to the above.

AMMONIACAI COPPEE CARB4 >NATE SOLU-
TION.

Copper Carbonate 6 ounces

Ammonia About 3 pints

Water 50 gallons

Dissolve the copper carbonate in ammonia in a
closed wooden or earthen vessel and add to it the
required quantity of water when ready to apply. As
ammonia varies in strength, some care is necessary to
use no more than is needed to dissolve the copper
carbonate. This preparation is used for the same
purpose as Bordeaux, but is intended to be used only
when fruit is nearly grown, as Bordeaux sometimes
affects the skin of ripening fruit.

KEROSENE EMULSION.

Hard Soap & pound

Boiling Water 1 gallon

Kerosene 2 gallons

Use "soft water" ( preferably cistern water.) Dis-
•solve the soap in the boiling water; add the kerosene
and churn violently until the mixture becomes like
buttermilk — not less than five or ten minutes. Dilute
with water ten to fifteen times before using.

For sucking insects. For scale insects use strong
emulsion. For plant lice, mealy bugs, red spider.

etc., the weaker solution may be used. Soft bodied
insect? like the cabbage worm may be destroyed with
this solution.

Special machines are now on the market that mix
the water and kerosene directly, and at most any pro-
portion desired, and are recommended wherever
scale insects aie to be destroyed. When buds are dor-
mant use a mixture of kerosene one part, water three
parts.

LIME. SULPHUR AND SALT MIXTURE.

Lime. 30 pounds (unslaked), Sulphur (flowers)
30 pounds, salt 10 pounds, water 100 gallons. Put
four or five gallons of hot water in an iron kettle
(20 gallons capacity), add 15 pounds lime. Stir with
wooden paddle so as to spread it about, then as soon
as in full boiling from slaking add 15 pounds sul-
phur and mix brisklv with lime, adding boiling water
as needed to bring the whole mass into a thick paste,
then add water enough to make 10 or 12 gallons and
boil for 30 to 40 minutes. Add the salt when the
paste is diluted. When the wash is cooked strain
and dilute to 100 gallons.

PARIS GREEN,

Paris Green 1 pound

Water 175 to 200 gallons

When this mixture is used by itself add one pound
of quick lime to prevent it injuring the foliage. See
under Bordeaux mixture.

Paris Green is sometimes mixed with flour and
dusted over the plants when dew is on, in proportion
of one pound of poison to ten pounds of flour.

LONDON PURPLE.
Use in the same way and in the same proportions
as Paris Green, but use more lime to neutralize its
caustic properties. It is best not to use this on the
peach at 11.

PERSIAN INSECT POWDER.

Fresh Powder 1 ounce

Water 2 gallons

Spray on plants for soft bodied insects. The pow-
der is frequently dusted on plants while the dew is on.
The material is not poisonous to man. hence can be
used in dwelling house to kill house flies and mosqui-
toes. For such cases, first close all doors and win-
dows and dust the room well with the powder (usu-
ally at night) and leave it so for several hours. It is
R good idea to burn a spoonful or two on hot embers
so that the fumes may fill the room. Be sure that
the powder is fresh, because when old it often fails to
kill

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

176

176

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[March,

MARK HANNA STRAWBERRY.

The accompanying illustration is a single cluster
of Mark Hanna strawberry originated by Mark T.
Thompson, of Rio Vista. Va.. ten years ago. It is a
seedling of Bubach Xo. 5 which it resembles, but is
much more productive and claimed by some to be
larger, finer and of better quality, very lon^
and holds over much better than most varieties. It
resists drought much better than m"St varieties. Tak-
ing it altogether it promises to be one of the most
promising varieties introduced for many years. The
accompanying illustration shows a plant with 95
fully developed berries and Mr. Thompson thinks it
the largest cluster of berries ever produced by one
plant In productiveness it is simply wonderful.

We can recommend the above berry as we have
seen it fruiting and tasted it, and we congratulate
Mr. Thompson upon his success in producing such a
valuable variety.

A Bloomington, 111., paper tral Illinois

farmers in totalizing their profits for the year just
closed say that the growth "f sweet corn for the can-
ning factories has been unusually profitable, and as
much as $60 has been realized in some cases for the
product of a single acre, while in addition a quantity
of valuable forage was left for the dairy cows."

GRAFTING AND BUDDING THE TOPS OF OR-
CHARD TREES.

Editor Southern Planter:

On most farms there are found unprofitable fruit
trees growing. Also in many orchards unprofitable
varieties have been planted. The farmer hesitates
to cut them down because they are thrifty looking
trees. Often times to cut them down would make an
orchard look scattering. Such trees may often be
changed to profitable ones by top working. The
farmer often thinks of doing this but in the rush of
spring work it is put off too late. Make preparations
now for such work. Cut the scions now and put them
away in a cool place to hold the buds back till the
foliage begins to push out on the trees then commence
grafting. Often times the farmer does not know ex-
actly how to do this work and hesitates to undertake
it. It is the simplest kind of thing. The desire for
experimenting and finding out the secrets nature has
in store for us is often most pronounced in the young.
Let the boy on the farm undertake this work after he
understands it thoroughly. Tell him that a whole
miniature orchard of various varieties can be pro-
duced on one tree. The fruit will be like that grown
on the tree from which the scion is taken and not like
that grown upon the tree upon which the grafting is

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

177

done. Explain all this carefully to the young man
lo thoroughly arouse his interest.

HOW TO TOP GRAFT.

I will explain and illustrate only two methods.
One known as whip and tongue graft,
and the other as crown graft. The
tongue graft methods is best used on
limbs less than one half inch in diam-
eter and the crown method is best
used on limbs from one-half inch in
diameter up to two and a half inches
in diameter.

The greatest point to observe close-
ly in either grafting or budding is
Whip or Tongue that of having the cambium (inner
Grafting. bark) of both stock and scion fit
evenly together. If they do not fit water and air
will get in and induce decay.

For crown grafting, cut off the limbs with a fine
tooth saw, then split the crown with
a knife or wedge. Sharpen the scion
to fit "evenly. Open the stock with
some sharp wedges and insert the
scions. It is best to have the last or
upper buds on the scions project from
the outside so that the limbs will
branch out and not crowd each other
so much. Cover the crown carefully
with good grafting wax to keep out
the water;

Perhaps waxed bands of cloth are
best to tie a whip and tongue graft,
since the scions are easily misplaced.
This method is often used by nursery
men and, in top working, it is best Crown Grafting,
used on small side branches. '

Some care should be exercised in the arrangement
of these grafts on the tree,- as the tops might be very
uneven.' Not all the tops should be cut-off 'at once
even in* small- orchard trees. One to three years
should' be taken to change the' en tire top. • Care, should
be taken m: removing' water sprouts which will' great-
ly injure the graft later On, if left alone.

A' good grafting wax for out door work is made by
melting together one pound of tallow, two pounds of
beeswax, and four pounds of English resin. Stir
well and then pour the mixture into cold water, then
pull it till it becomes somewhat white. Then it may
be rolled in oiled paper and be kept some time. Oiled
cloth is made by cutting strips of the desired width
and making a ball of it and soak it in the wax while
it is hot

SPRING BUDDING.

In all the text books on horticulture that I have
seen where budding is described it is recommended
that this operation
be performed in
the summer when,
the sap is active
and the "bark
slips." In a State
further South we
have had budding
done successfully
in January by
what might b e
called the attach-
ment method. T
believe the method
would be success-
ful if used in this
State early in the
spring. If ' so, it
would prove verv
useful, especially
to nurserymen
when used on all
stock that failed lo Budding.

"take" during the summer. These buds could be
forced out in the summer just the same as those that
were put in last summer and the nurserymen would
not lose any stock. Let the nurserymen try it this
spring and report on it in the Planter. The farmer
may also try it on his fruit trees to make limbs grow
out where they may be wanted.

The method simply consists in cutting a piece of
bark with some wood attached, down about one inch,
on the tree, leaving it still attached at the lower end.
Then Wise the knife transversely to cut off about two-
thirds of this slip. Cut off a bud with some wood at-
tached to fit this cut place. Insert the lower end of
the bud between this slip and the stock, as shown in
the drawing. Tie it tightly with raffia or soft corn
shuck. The tie may be cut loose after the pud lias
become securely attached. The limb may then be
cut off above the bud in order to force the bud out.

In all cases, care should be taken to select leaf buds
and not fruit buds. R H. Price.

Montgomery county, Va.

When corresponding with advertisers, say you saw
their advertisement in The Southern Planter.

178

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[March,

Live Stock and Dairy.

THE HANDLING OF EWES IN MARCH.

Editor Southern Planter:

More mistakes are made in the "management of a
ewe flock in Virginia in the month of March than at
any other tim«' of the year. Tt is a most trying pe-
riod and the man who gets his ewes through this
month without loss may well feel that he is fortun-
ate.

In Virginia the lambs have all come by the first of
March. Many of them are two months old and are
pulling on their mothers as only such chaps can pull.
Orass has not come yet or it is just beginning to show
green and is sappy, watery, and weak in nourishment.
The ewe« are crazy 'for it and, will work themselves
to death to got thoir;fill of it only to lie poorly satis-
fied with nourishment. The man who has been feed-
ing his ewes on dry feed alone can hear them gritting
their teeth when he walks among them, can see some
of them looking- pale and haggard, can see the wool
of his flock lookiner harsh and dry, can observe the
best ewes falling off in their milk and many not feed-
ing their lambs at all. Tie knows full well that his
sheep are not doing right and he longs for the gyass
to come to save his sheep. TTe will be very lucky, if
he gets through without loss of life, for hefore the
mouth is gone he will find ewes with swelling's under
the jaw and others that have "gone off feed," while
some have dwindled in strength, until they can barelv
follow the flock.

Have T overdrawn the picture ? I have seen too
many such flocks to be mistaken in mv observations.
T will say that T have described conditions that are
to be found in a number of the Virginia flocks. Rome
flocks are different. In these the lambs are fat. the
ewes strong and healthv. There is abundance of
milk: the wool is smooth and lustrous: the skin is as
pink as a cherry there is no gritting of teeth or other
symptoms of indigestion.

What makes the difference? T beg to tell how T
think this last flock was managed through the winter
rmd how the owner has planned to carry it through
March.

These ewes were given a good grain ration through
the winter, beginning with one small feed a day be-
fore Christmas. The grain ration was first corn and
cats, hut in a few weeks the corn is dropped and oats
substituted. When the lambs heoin to come in Jan-
uary the ewes are getting a ration of oats and bran
in equal parts by weight twice a day with a little Un-

seed meal once a day. They have had clover hay or
cow pea hay freely from the time the grass began to
fail. Bright corn fodder is put before them every
morning now and as soon as the winter gets under
way one good feed of roots is given them. Nothing
is better than Swedish turnips frntahagas'). When
the Iambs get about two weeks old the oats in the
grain diet is increased to about two-thirds and the
roots are increased. A field of fall rye furnished
grazing in the fall and through December. The fail-
ing of this was indication of time for root feeding:.
Either this rye or wheat is to furnish grazing through
March, and even in February in the milder portions
of tho State the ewes could pick up plenty of feed on
the wheat fields.

Now that March' has arrived the flock is found in
prime condition and there is nothing to fear. The
flock is now kept on the rye and wheat most of the
day, but the oats and bran are fed morning and even-
ing and the roots in diminishing quantity. By the
middle of the month the roots may be abandoned and
the grain ration, reduced gradually, may by the end
of the month he about two-thirds of the maximum.
The grass has started by this time. If one is so for
tunate as to have orchard grass, there will be good
grazing by the first of April in most parts of Vir-
ginia. T have never known sheep to hurt wheat by
grazing it as late as" April first. In fact, it seems to
make it stool out more and make a more even growth.
It might cut down the amount of straw* but the wheat
yield would not be affected, unless improved. Since
this is true, it is best to keep sheep from the grass
pastures, as the grass during March is short and not
nutritious as described above. "During Afaroh the
flock should have constant access to pure, clean water
and it is best to keep salt where the sheep can get it
as they need it. If you intend to feed worm pow-
ders to your flock, now is the time to begin. If you
have suffered from parasites in the past, such a?
stomach worms and lung worms, it. would be well to
give the ewes a good dose of benzine or gasoline about
the end of the month, being sure to get full directions
if you don't know how to do it.

This kind of management of a flock will bring it
up to spring grazing in fine shape and there will be
no worrying over sick ewes, poor lambs, and un-
profitable sheep. It is largely a matter of feed.

Maxwdton, W, Ya,

H. B. ASBDOKLE,

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

178

THE SOUTHERN CATTLE MAN'S OPPORTUNITY.

Editor Southern Planter:

Those who have kept in tench with the great cat-
tle business of the United States will have observed
n note of discouragement running through the writ-
ings and talks of our Northern and Western friends
for the past year and especially during the latter
months of the year. The ranges and feed lots have
thrown onto an already overstocked market thou-
sands upon thousands of cattle good, had and indif-
ferent. The principal reasons for this suicidal pol-
icy have been a gradual increase of land values mak-
ing the cost of beef growing through the corn belt
greater, the rise in the price of corn the staple feeding
product of that section, the high price of farm labor.
and the natural tendency of mankind to follow the
crowd like a flock of sheep. Whatever the reason the
fact is a glutted market, with continually falling
prices and this in the face of the farther fact, of there
being — according to our most reliable information
— a less number of cattle produced in proportion to
population than several vears ago when prices were
much higher than to-day. Tn the writer's opinion
only one result can follow this foolish scramble to
knock out all present profits in cattle feeding and
that is a short supply of ^ood cattle in the near fu-
ture, and a consequent stiff rise in prices.

To-day the Southeast i* not figured upon at all as
a cattle producing section. Now, how could the
farmers of our section display better judgment than
to go quietly to work breeding really first class cat-
tle and be ready for the good prices that are sure to
hp paid for top cattle within the next two years. We
have — or can have if we will — as good pastures as the
Northern and Western stockmen can boast, can grow
corn and other grain as cheaply as can our neighbors,
and have right at our doors cotton seed meal, one of
the. very best feeds for beef production. The truth
i= corn silaee and cotton seed meal are a hard combi-
nation to beat in the feeding of beef cattle. And
then we can grow the best rough feed of any section
of t.h° country. Cow pea=. soja beans, vetch, crim-
son clover, etc.. are ours for the planting. With all
our natural advantages it would seem to the writer
that there must be something wrong with ns if we do
not avail ourselves of this opportunity offered, and
prepare ourselves to put on the market thousands of
car loads of first class cattle whe" the market calls
for them, which it is sure to do by the time we can get
them ready. And in this connection T want to in-
sist that the cattle must be Al if we are to reap the
reward that should be ours, Jfo wanned up scrub

steers will do. We must have good, well bred beef
cattle, 20 to 30 months of age, that will weigh from
1,200 to 1,500 pounds.

Brother farmers, is not this matter worthy of our
attention along with the cotton and tobacco?

Rockingham Co., N. C. A. L. French.

HARDINESS OF JERSEYS.

Editor Southern Planter:

T note in a recent issue of your paper a letter from
Mr. O-ardner on the subject of "The Targe versus the
Small Dairy Cow." He says. "The Jersey list reads
like an obituary column, etc.." giving a list of casual-
ties among this portion of the herd which would cer-
tainly indicate that the Wisconsin station had been
unfortunate enough to select for this test a lot, of
thoroughly unsound cattle. It is. therefore, no won-
der that they made no better showing in butter pro-
duction.

My own experience with Jerseys has been very dif-
ferent, from this. About 1890 T begun the formation
of a herd with five registered cows and heifers and
a few high Grades. They were moved to mv farm
some fifty miles from here in 1897 and reached the
maximum number which the farm will carry ('twenty
milk cows with their growing calves) in 1901. Since
then we have had eight or ten cows for sale each year.

During this time the. only sickness which has
caused any cessation of milk production ha? been one
case of gartret which recovered with the loss of one
quarter and subsequently produced 28 pounds of
milk daily from the remaining nuarters, and one cow
who had two or three attacks of something like ery-
sipelas when, as a matter of precaution, the milk was
thrown away. Calves have all he<m carried full time
and only one was still born. Two heifers died of
hoven from something obtained in the woods in the
late fall. Some ten or twelve calves died of indiges-
tion, nearly all during: the incumbency of a careless
and indolent dairyman.

There are now on the place twenty cows in milk
and frymtv-seven heifers of various ates with not one
unthrifty animal in the lot. Male calves are sold for
veal.

During the time they have been on the farm they
have had six different men in charge, all common
farm hands who had served as helpers and been pro-
meted.

Thev run out all summer and. during the winter
spend the day in the yard when the weather is good,
being housed at night and on rough days. They have
no hav over them in ^he barn, nothing between them
and the corrugated iron roof. They now have lontr
coats of hair like the pictures we see of Highland

180

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

cattle, but are making over five pounds of butter per
week as an average, though the majority of them
calved last summer and there has been only one calf
since the middle of November.

As will be seen from the above, they have had
neither coddling nor even what might be called
skilled attention but simply average farm conditions.
There is certainly no lack of hardiness here, and as
many other Jersey herds are fully their equals the
conclusion naturally follows that the animals men
tioned by Mr. Gardner were in no condition to enter
a competitive or any other kind of a test.

Alleghany Co., Md. B. S. Randolph.

IN-BREEDING.

A subscriber from King William county, Va.,
sends us an extract from the Baltimore American's
"Practical Farm Notes" in which the writer strongly
condemns the crossing of pure breeds of cattle and
urges the importance of always sticking to one breed
if good results are to be assured and then goes on to
advocate in-breeding in the following terms :

"Wherein coiild a betterment be made in our breed-
ing better and purer types of cattle, especially dairy
cattle ?

Stop the promiscuous breeding of all kinds and
breeds of cattle in one herd. Select some breed best
adapted to the conditions which exist, and get a sire
of the best dairy breeding possible, and use this same
sire for at least three generations. The first heifers
will be 50 per cent, of the desired blood and infmence.
Breed them back to their own sire. The second gen-
eration will be 75 per cent, of dairy influence, and
75 per cent, of the relationship with their mixed in-
fluences and weakness will have disappeared,
"crossed out," and if the second generation is again
bred in line, the needed blood will be as 87 to 100.
Then another sire of the same family blood, and as
far removed from kinship as possible, is secured for
the fourth generation, and the herd is freshened with
new blood and not weakened. If the first sire is of
strong vitality, there is not a reason in the world but
that, health, vigor and .strong influence will be begot-
ten each time — far more possible than it would be to
introduce a new sire each generation, and with him
introduce a new line of family faults and frailties,
not to mention new heredities ; while in the other case
it would be a matter of confirming and making strong-
er the lines of the strongest and most desirable char-
acteristics."

Our correspondent asks us to give our views on
thefse breeding problems. We are heartily with the

writer on the subject of crossing different breeds. In
this issue we have written a note on this subject to
an article on crossing breeds of hogs in which we have
expressed our views and refer our readers to it. On
the inbreeding problem we are entirely opposed to
the writer of the article. We believe that such in-
breeding as is advised is bound to result sooner or
later in unsound stock and often in barren stock. In
the human race intermarriage in families has proved
a prolific source of insanity, disease and sterility.
Amongst cattle, the Jersey breed is the one in which
this practice has been most persistently followed, and
Jerseys are the one breed of cattle in which tubercu-
losis is most prevalent. It is true that inbreeding has
resulted in the Jerseys in intensifying the power to
produce milk and butter records, but we believe this
has been wholly at the expense of the vitality and ro-
bustness of the breed. Breed to pure animals always,
but use strains of blood not akin if strength and vi-
tality is to be maintained. Our corespondent asks us
also to explain about "wolves" in cattle. These so-
called "wolves" — warbles is the correct name — are the
grubs of a fly which lays its egg on the hair of the
cattle and from thence the eggs are licked and pass
into the stomach where they are transformed into
grubs which make their way to the backs, usually
about the loins of the cattle, and there remain bur-
rowed under the skin until full grown, when they
pass out through a small hole which they ma«e
through the hide and drop onto the ground, where
after a time they hatch as flies to repeat their life his-
tory. The warbles do no harm to the health of the
cattle but seriously damage the value of the hides-
The grubs should be squeezed out of the small holes
in the hides before they naturally pass out. and be
killed by being crushed, and in this way the number
of flies can be materially reduced each year. They
may be killed by applying turpentine or kerosene in
or on the opening in the hide without squeezing th<-<-n
out, but we prefer to squeeze them out and end their
life history. The cattle should be examined in Feb-
ruary and March and the work of. destruction be
then done. If deferred later many of the grubs will
have escaped.

GRAZING HOGS.

We have repeatedly been asked recently how many
hogs an acre of land will carry and have had to con-
fess our inability to answer this question satisfacto-
rily as it entirely depends on the size of the hogs, the

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

181

season and the crops grown. Discussing this ques-
tion in a recent issue of the Breeders' Gazette Prof
Soule +hus replies:

As to the number of hogs one can maintain on the
land, that depends a good deal on the crops grown
and on the season. Sometimes an acre of land will
carry as many as ten good-sized hogs. In another
season it may not carrv_ more than five or six hogs.
Then the number of hogs that an acre of land will
carry depends very much on their size when put on
(he land. If put on shortly after weaning in the
early spring fifteen or twenty hogs might be carried
to the acre from 30 to 60 days, but if weighing from
100 to 150 pounds probably not more than six hogs
could be carried for the same time. It is impossible
for the writer to state except in the most general
terms the number of hogs he can carry on this land.
If he had 30 acres divided into five-acre lots, as in
plan No. 2, there is no good reason why he should
n ot be able to graze from 150 to 200 hogs, especially
if he feeds them a small grain supplement and gives
them the benefit of the fifteen-acre Bermuda lot and
the large 85-acre wood-lot.

While plan No. 2 involves considerable fencing
it presents the most satisfactory arrangement of the
land to secure a good succession of crops. It is also
desirable where hogs are to be grazed to erect perma-
nent fences. Hurdles are all right except it takes
too much time to move them about and when the hogs
get a good size they are more likely to break them
down. A good strong fence around the grazing lot
in the beginning is the best policy.

A great variety of crops mav be grown on these
lots. For example, Nos. 1 and 2 might be seeded to
winter oats this fall, No. 1 to be grazed through the
late fall and winter and No. 2 when the crop begins
to head out next spring. Nos. 3 and 4 could be plant-
ed to sorghum as early as possible in the spring. Nos.
5 and 6 might be given to two varieties of cow peas,
say Warren's Extra Early and Whippoorwill, Black
or Clay. Nos. 7 and 8 could be devoted to soy beans,
using an early-maturing and a late-maturing variety.
One' or more of the lots might be put in sweet pota-
toes,' peanuts ■ or chuf as. Cow peas, soy 'beans and
peanuts are the three most satisfactory fall-grazing'
crops for hogs and possibly the easiest to cultivate
and most likely to produce a good yield.

Of course where one desires to produce a good firm
pork and to properly fatten the animals it is well
to feed a little corn along throughout the year. A
small amount, however, will be sufficient. From 10
to 15 bushels per animal with the grazing crops sug-
gested should make good hogs weighing from 250 to
300 pounds at the end of six to eight months' grazing
and feeding as suggested. There is no reason wiry
every planter in the South should not grow all the

pork he needs and it will be a splendid thing when
the practice becomes more general.

CROSS BREEDING OF PURE BRED HOGS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I would like to have your opinion in regard to the
crossing of these two famous breeds of swine — the
Berkshire and the Poland-China.

I have in many instances read, and also have been
told by noted stock men that any cross of pure-bred
animals wQuld result in injury to the good qualities
of both breeds.

But, nevertheless, I believe the said cross to be a
desirable one, having last year raised a very fine hog
of this cross. The cross produces an animal in many
respects similar to the Berkshire.

It has the Berkshire's broad back and shoulders
and the larger frame of the Poland-China,

Its ears are flopped a little but not quite so much
as those of the Poland-China, thereby making an an-
imal of a better appearance than the pure bred of
either breed, and I think a more prolific one.

However, the one experiment is not sufficient proof
to make firm my belief.

I have two pure bred Poland-China sows and also
a registered Berkshire boar and sow. They are all
about the same age. I will cross the Berkshire boar
on Poland-China sows and also breed the Berkshire
sow to him, trying to make them farrow as near the
same time as possible.

As the result of this experiment I will know ex-
actly which will be the most profitable, and later will
report the result of the experiment through the col-
umns of this most valuable journal.

If you consider this of enough interest I would be
glad if you would devote a little space in the Plant-
er to its discussion, and if any of your readers have
experimented with the said cross I will be glad to
hear from them. G. E. A.

Amelia Co., Va. '

Whilst it is possible that crosses of different pure
bred animals may at times result satisfactorily yet
the business' is as a rale disappointing. We are en-
tirely opposed to the practise as no man following
such a method of breeding can ever tell what the re-
sult is going to be. It may be a good formed animal
of good feeding or breeding character or it may be
the rankest "scrub" ever bred. We have seen both
results from one litter of pigs, and the like results
with cattle and sheep. The more highly bred the pa-
rents and the longer their pedigrees in one line of
breeding and therefore the more prepotent their
blood the greater the chances are that the progeny

182

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

will be unsatisfactory. The long time which it takes
to establish the type of a new breed which can be re-
lied on to reproduce itself certainly is abundant evi-
dence of the uncertainty which results from the inter-
breeding of pure bred animals of any kind. In the
conflict which necessarily arises between the prepo-
tency of the different blood lines the outcome is just
as likely to be a reversion to an original type as to be
a desirable animal. Select the breed you like the best,
and then interbreed the best lines of blood in that
particular breed, and you may rely on getting a good
animal, though some lines of blood in all breeds seem
to "nick" better than others. Or if you 'are unable
to indulge in the luxury of keeping all pure bred ani-
mals keep a pure bred male and breed him onto the
best type of grades and you will certainly improve
them as the sire's prepotent blood will assert itself.
—Ed,

BREEDING AND FFEDING PROPERLY WILL PRO-
DUCE GOOD COLTS.

Editor Southern Planter:

Now that he spring of the year is approaching,
and the time for selecting a stallion to breed to is
here, see that you select a good one. The first thing
to consider is the breeding of the stallion. Do not
waste time and money breeding to "scrub" stallions
If you do vou will, as a rule, raise nothing but
"scrub" colts, which will He an expense from birth,
and never make saleable horses. Breed to a regis-
tered sire (for if he is registered yon know that bis
breeding is what it should be for his elass). Then
breed for a purpose — that is to saw if von want to
produce a draft animal, select a pure breed Perche-
ron or other draft sire. If vou want a coach horse,
either the Hackney or French Ooach Stallion will do.
If your idea is to get something fast in harness for
road or track, then breed to a Standard bred trotting
stallion. If the desire is a gnited saddle animal, then
the registered Kentucky Saddle Stallion is what you
want. Last, but not least, if you want to produce a
hunter, a horse that ran gallop and jump d'av after
day, let. -the sire be a Thoroughbred ( running, horse).

After selecting the breed, being sure that -you have
a registered animal, then first of all be satisfied that
the stallion is absolutely constitutionally sound — has
good eyes, good bone, no snlints or spavin, side bone
or ring bone. He should he well shaped — that is, of
good conformation for bis class, and should certainly
have good manners, and he easy to handle, consider-
ing his sex and breeding.

LET YOTTR BROOD MARE BE A GOOD INDIVIDUAL ALWAYS.

Ilnvjng been careful in selecting a good, well bred

sire, then support his good qualities and show your
good judgment by breeding a good mare. Unless
you want to sell registered stock, or want to produce
a track animal for speed, I should not advise going
to the expense of only breeding registered mares, as
they are hard to get. But always pick out mares
individually good when selecting for breeders. The
stallion cannot do it all. Let your brood mare be
well shaped, constitutionally sound, have good eyes,
good joints, free from spavin, ring bone, etc. She
should have good, all-round action, and be attractive
in her class. And, above all things, should have a
good disposition, and be thoroughly gentle. Never
breed a mare until she has been carefully handled
and is quiet, Treat every horse as gently as you
would your pet dog, and especially should this apply
to the treatment of the brood mare at all times,
though more so when she is carrying the foal. Re-
member that she is about to be a mother, and has to
suffer enough for her young's sake naturally, there-
fore her owner ought to always see that she is well
cared for and kindly treated.

CARE FOE THE FOAL FROM BIRTH.

Never fail to care for the foaJ, simply because it is
with its mother. The mother is carinE" for two the
best she can, but. you must help her by giving her the
best, of attention and all the good nourishing food
that she will eat, besides plenty of grass in season.
The colt M'ill fully pay you for all this feed by con-
verting it into bone and muscle, and thus making
you a well formed, good sized, early matured animal,
for which the demand is greater than the supply.

Teach the foal to eat earlv bv giving the mother
oats and bran in a box that the little one can reach.
Keep the foal with its mother on a good pasture ; have
a shelter that, will protect the two from the cold
rains. Tf yon will put some ~ood hay under this
shelter on a rainy night, though it be summer, the
two will eat and enjoy the hay. Do not let vour
colts wear themselves out trotting after their mothers
either in the field or on the road. Never let a foal
under two months old go longer than two hours with-
out being with its mother, for at least ten minutes.
Do not let a mare that is giving milk get overheated,
and nevpr let. the foal nurse when the mare is hot.
Remember that frosh drinking water is the life of the
mother as well as her voung.

Never frighten a foal, but tame it from birth, and
you will not have to break a three year old.

The breeding makes the foal.

That'1; pleasing to our eyes:
While feeding makes the bone.

The height, the muscle and size.

Blacksburg, Va,

J, G. Ferneyhouoh,
State Veterinarian,

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

183

The Poultry Yard,

MANAGEMENT OF DUCKS.

Editor Southern- Planter:

Prior to 1890 the duck was not considered a pro-
fitable fowl to raise. It was allowed free access to
waterways or marshes, feeding mostly on fish and
water insects. This fond imparted to the flesh a
strong flavor, making it objectionable, except to a
few. As a matter of fact it is not at all necessary
that the birds have access to water to be raised suc-
cessfully. The only noticeable difference between
"upland" and "water" ducks is that the latter are of
prettier and Meaner plumage than the former.

The Standard recognizes ten breeds, as follows:
The White Pekin, Colored Rouen, White Aylesbury.
White Muscovy, Colored Muscovy, Black Cayuga,
Cray Call. White Call. Black East Indian, and the
Crested White. Of the breeds, the first six are con-
sidered profitable: the two breeds of Calls and the
Black East Indian are bantams; and tbe Crested
White are almost purely ornamental. The Pekins
are the most valuable, bring £jood foragers, quite
hardv, large and maturing early. The standard
weight of the adult drake is 8 pounds : adult duck,
7 pounds. The ducklings feather rapidly and weigh
from 12 to 14 pounds per pair the first year without
much fattening. As layers they excel, averaging
from 100 to 130 eggs each season.

The Colored Rouen in deservedly popular through-
out the country, ranking next te the Pekin. It is a
fine market bird but does not mature as early as does
the Pekin. The flesh is verv delicate. The eggs are
not as large as those of the Pekin. and are diverse in
color. The standard weight of the adult drake is 9
pounds : adult duck, 8 pounds.

— BREEDING STOCK.

The proportion of the sexes should be about one
drake to five or six ducks. Late in the season, when
many of the ducks are broody, the proportion should
be about one to ten. Be particular about this, as the
eggs will be more fertile if a part of the drakes are
removed.

A house 12x14 feet will accommodate nicelT a
flock of a dozen. The floor should b<= well covered
with straw or leaves, as the ducks will lay at night
or very early in the morning. Bv feeding only at
night and morning, regularly, and always at the pen.
the ducks can be easilv shut up for the night. Nests
are often made of 1-inch boards, 6 inches wide, 16
inches long, set 14 inchey apart^ and nailed to the
hack of the house. An inclosnre should be given the
breeding ducks as they do better confined. Give
plenty of room and inclose the run with 9 2-foot
fence.

No description of poultry will devour so much, or
feed so greedily. The troughs should be long and
roomy, otherwise some will gorge themselves, while
others will get but little. Do not keep food by them,
as that will clog their appetites, and always affects
the egg production, as well as the condition of the
birds. Another essential point is that ducks will not
produce their proper quota of fertile eggs on hard
food alone. The natural food of the duck is princi-
pally vegetable and animal food obtained in streams
and marshes. The passage leading from the throat
to the gizzard direct, is very small, making it impos-
sible for the bird to assimilate or thrive on hard food.
Feed a mixture of cornmeal, bran, cooked vegetables,
roots, grain, grit, etc. Have a trough of water near
by and never shut the birds up without permitting
them to drink.

INOTTBATION.

Collect the eggs early each morning te avoid
chilling them. If any are soiled so that thejr must
be cleaned, hold with the thumb and finger and rinse
gently in water that has the chill removed but is not
warm, let them drain but do not rub or you will re-
move the oily coat covering the shell and then they
will fail to hatch. The germ seems capable of sur-
viving a lower temperature than that of hens' eggp.
but 55 or 60 degrees is safe, if the eggs are turned
dailv.

Eresh eggs give better results making it neeessarv
to set the first laid ecsrs under hens. Eive to seven
are sufficient, according to the size of the fowl. Un-
less the nest is on the ground, particular -attention
must be paid to sprinkle the eggs daily with tepid
water during the last two weeks of incubation. Twen
tv-eitrht days are generallv required for hatching.

Because the eg;js require much oxvgen and give
off so great a quantitv of carbon dioxide it is essen-
tial to test thoroueblv during incubation. An un-
fertilized duck egc is harmless, but if a fertilized egg
die? mi the nrocoR* of incubation and is not removed
it is likely to exnlode and cause annovance. A de-
composing eg? is mottled or speckled with litt.lp
noints where the- content* are oozing through the
i)ore- of the shell. Handle mos+ tenderlv in remov-
ing for it is more likelv to explode than dynamite.
n \isivn the orcKT/rxos.

The reason for raisin*! duck* lasts from February
to July. When the little fellows pip the shell thev
do not emerge as promntlv as normal chicks, but stav
ouiet for nerhaps twenty-four hours. On hatching'
let the mother retain her voting upon the nest her own
time, as they are very susceptible to change of temper-
ature, Indeed, during the first three weeks of a duck-

184

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

ling's life, it is as tender as a little turkey, and should
not be allowed to get wet. Prepare a coop add pen
upon the short grass if the weather is fine, or under
shelter if stormy. Here the duck and brood may be
kept until the young are six or seven weeks old, when
they are transferred to the growing houses.

FEEDING.

The three different methods are as follows: (1)
Feeding for market (ten weeks old) ; (2) feeding
young to be kept as breeders; (3) feeding for winter
market

The first feed should be cracker or bread crumbs
and corn meal equal parts, hard boiled eggs and sand
moistened with milk. After five or six days add
wheat bran, meat scraps or meal and chopped greens.
A breeder on Long Island recommends for the first
feed corn meal, bran, coarse flour and sand. The
hours for feeding are 6 and 10 A. M. and 2 and J5

p. M;

When ducks are raised for breeders they are forced
less, and the corn meal is reduced. In summer only
one meal a day is necessary, composed of cooked veg-
etables or roots, thickened with bran and ground
grain. • ] "3

SUPPLYING WATER.

A. young duck will sometimes choke if it has no
water when eating. It cleans its bill with each
mouthful. Tepid water is a preventive of cramps
but no water should be provided for swimming until
the birds are reasonably well feathered. Besides the
sand used in the feed place a small quantity in the
drinking vessels, also a box of grit and crushed char-
coal in the pens. W.

MISTAKES WE MAKE.

In every vocation of life mistakes are made, and
will be to the end of the chapter, and it is well that
it is eo for our mistakes help us tn bettor things if
only we recount them and aim each time to get a lit-
tle nearer perfection.

As this is intended to help in the poultry business,
I shall ■mention a few mistakes made along .that line.
We keep too many fowls through the winter- to de-
rive, most profit from egg?, when they are highest.
An.;.<Qver.7orowdcd he.n-house means au empty egg
basket. ..,

We do not buy our new stock in the fall when we
could get them at small cost compared with the late
spring. The first hatched fowls are best, and those
offered in the fall are earliest hatched.

We do not begin feeding for egg? in time to have
large returns when most in demand. A few bens
well cared for do better than twice their number left
to care for themselves.

We blame the hens, while we fail to study their
needs and supply in winter what they can get for

themselves in summer. A busy, happy hen pays her
owner well for every extra attention.

We do not keep nice, attractive nests in cold
weather, nor warm water these cold mornings to warm
the hens. They must sit on their feet till next feed
hour, which is possibly overlooked if trusted to the
hired boy.

No grit is supplied for cold, frozen days, when
they must be housed for a long spell of cold. No
meat, grass, oyster shells, nor anything more pala-
table than corn is offered for this stay indoors. If
very long sickness results, then we wonder what is
wrong with our chickens.

"Eternal vigilance is the price of care." No busi-
ness prospers without a study of that business in its
every detail. "Experience is a dear school," but it
pays to know from experience what results we may
expect from our treatment of stock in hand.

Let us be thorough and painstaking, putting forth
our best effort, and thus have the approval of our
own conscience, though the world should not approve.
Mrs. John F. Payne.

EGG-PRODUCING STRAINS.

Among poultry fanciers much has been done to
develop particular strains of fowls inside the estab-
lished breeds. For the most part, these strains have
had reference more to form and color than egg pro-
duction. So far as is publicly known, there are few
strains that are developed along the egg-laying lines,
though some breeders insist they have this object
"partly" in view.

It takes generations of selection and breeding; to
make a really valuable strain, but the result would
pay well in the production of eggs. We think the
average fowl of any breed is a poor egg producer, but
in every breed there are possibilities of very great im-
provement. It is frequently stated that a Plymouth
Hock will lay 150 eggs a year: yet the result, if ac-
curately counted, will come far, very far, short of this
number, and that on farms where poultry is intelli-
gently and properly cared for.

On the other hand, individual Plymouth Rocks
have been known, to lay 23S eggs in a year, and re?
eentlv a- breeder from . Califomiaa claims that 75
hens laid 17,400 eggs in 12 months, and 25 hens
0,251, an average of 231 in the first lot and of 250 in
Ihe second, which is, of course, phenomenal. With
*his breed, as well as with some others, it would be
possible to devlop a strain that would lay on an aver-
age 200 eggs per bird annually. As these extra
egjrs would lie practically all profit, one can easily see
(be advantage of handling such a strain of birds, and
the desirability of procuring such foundation stock
as would help towards such a strain.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

185

The Horse.

BREED FOR SIZE.

Editor Southern Planter:

Gentlemen, — I am a subscriber to your invaluable
paper, and enjoy everything I find within its covers.
I wish it was a weekly paper instead of a monthly.
I would gladly pay four times the amount charged
for the monthly to receive it four times a month.
Why don't you make it a weekly and charge accord-
ingly ?

Having been breeding horses of various breeds for
sixteen years in a small way, the Horse column,
edited by "Broad Rock," is particularly interesting
reading to me, and yet it was not until your issue of
September, 1903, on page 579, at the bottom of the
page, that I found in Broad Rock's note about the
stallion Russell Rex exactly the keynote, according
to my ear, of the proper time to sing in praise of the
(rotting stallions offered in Virginia for the patron-
age of. the public, and that keynote was slurred and
softened, until a careless listener to the song of
praise might fail to catch it. The words are :
''Though a mastodon in size, being 16.3 in height and
weighing close to 1,400 pounds," etc., and the writer
goes on to say he is of symmetrical proportions and
a very handsome horse, the writer had already credit-
ed him with the ability to trot close to 2 :20.

Now, in few descriptions of trotting stallions in
Virginia has Broad Rock given any emphasis to
size. The readers of your journal can only con-
clude that the reason for the omission was due to the
fact that of none of them was the size sufficiently
great to justify comment, which brings me to the
point I wish to emphasize. The little stumpy,
trotting pony, or the bigger trotting slob, who can
trot a mile in 2 :00 minutes or thereabouts may Jo
for the trotting race horsemen, who live and move
and have their being in trotting training stables or
tracks, but it has never struck me that those horses
were the ones the farmers of Virginia ought to pa-
tronize, with the expectation of getting any money
out of the sale of their colts. If you get a trotter,
and this is a very uncertain "if," by breeding to the
small trotting stud, and want to sell him, you are apt
to be tempted to train him, or have him trained. If
you undertake to train him yourself, whether you
know anything about the business or not, the work
with the horse will take you away from other work,
or superintendence, and your other business will be
sacrificed in your endeavor to "develop" your trot-
ter, who may develop or not. If not, then you have
drawn a blank in the horse line, and other things
have gone to smash. If he does learn to go a few
seconds faster, after months of work and worry,' then

to sell him he must be taken to some city livery sta-
ble or track and there be shown and tried, and prob-
ably finally a purchaser found at a satisfactory
price for the horse, but all this time the farm, is going
back. All this if you train him yourself. On the
other hand, if you put him in the hands of a profes-
sional trainer, even an honest one, you never know
when the bills will stop coming in for boots, shoeing,
veterinary attention, etc. I have been there.

Again, when a farmer has a. well bred large mare
or two, and can find a big trotting stallion, the big-
ger the better, that can trot in 2 :30 or better, and
can breed his mares to such a horse, he may rest as-
sured that with good feed and care, "and such, hand-
ling as he can give his colts, at five years old he can
sell every one of them in Richmond, Washington,
Baltimore, or any good market, quickly and at little
cost, and will realize more profit from such a course
of breeding than by gambling for speed. I never
had any difficulty in selling at a good price a big
horse of some beauty and style, aiid have often found
and seen much faster but small horses hang on like
a toe plaster.

For the farmers of Virginia, give us big sires to
get big colts, to make sure some profit, sometimes a
handsome one. In the cities of the United States
there are always buyers looking for fine, large car-
riage horses, with some trotting action, and if you
have such stock you can always sell it, and at a good
price. It is needless to try to show that for his own
use the farmer has absolutely no use for a small, fast
trotter, and if the small, fast bred trotters can't trot,
the farmer is "in the soup." I wish there were some
such horses as I have described offered for public
patronage in my neighborhood, but there are none.
Why is it that size is subordinated too much to speed
in the manufacture of the trotting breed of horses,
essentially an American invention? W. R. C.

Westmoreland Co., Va.

SADDLE HORSES.

Editor Southern Planter:

"Broad Rock" gives us much information about
the thoroughbred horses of Virginia, also the trotter,
once in a while the Hackney, to which, by the way,
I am not very partial, but that is immaterial, and
sometimes he mentions jumpers, but he has nothing
to say about a class of horses as beautiful as any, as
intelligent as any, and as useful, the class known as
gaited saddle horses. Not the walk, trot, gallop and
jump favorites of the New York Horse Shows, but
the Ameficansardcile horses/on whose back a man can

186

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

ride and attend to business for six days in the week,
and when Saturday night comes be no more tired,
if as much, as if he had covered the same distance in
a rubber tired buggy. I have ridden these horses,
but don't own one now. W. R. C.

NOTES.

Not avmonth passes hut testimonials are received
regarding the value of the Planter as an advertising
medium. We are deeply appreciative of all such.

We take pleasure in publishing the following inter-
esting communication from Mr. Percival Hicks,
whose farm is near North P. O., Mathews countv,
Va.:

"I have recently sold to E. R. Rajnoldo, 79 Victoria
street, Toronto, Canada, the bay stallion Bloscellus,
.26401, by Bloeceps, son of Orange Blossom, dam
Marcella, by Sir Walkill. He is ten years old, and
stands 16.2, while built in proportion. He will be
used by his new owner as a sire of coach horses, for
which, on account of his fine size, rich color and even
temper, he seems admirably fitted. Indeed, it seems
a pity that such a horse should leave this country, and
not find ready sale at home at a profitable figure, but
Mathews is distinctly a race horse county ; then, too,
in competition with such trotting sires as Letcher.
2 :18f , by Dictator ; Bedworth, 2 :22 ; Pilot Medium.
Jr., 2:09$; Edworth, 2:20$, and Sable Rock, by Sa-
ble Wilkes, he had little opportunity in the stud, and
I did not find him a profitable investment, hence the
sale of this son of Blosceps. I now have in stable
Kisses, holder of the track record at Newport News
at three-quarter mile heats, and the black mare Al-
verna, by Cuthbert, son of Cuylerdam by Frank
Morgan. This mare can show a 2 :10 gait pacing,
and ia in foal to Pilot Medium, Jr., 2 :09f , and the
prospective foal is nominated in the Western Horse-
man Futurity for foals of 1904, value $6,000. I am
hoping that this foal may place Virginia in the front
rank as a producer of early speed, an honor that her
mild climate and short winters entitles her to try for.
Indeed, no State this side of the Rocky Mountains
has a better winter climate for growing stock, and
we have the stallions, but as yet nothing like so manv
approved mares as I should like to see,"
S J* J*

Dr. James Kerr, prominent in professional and
other circles in Washington, D. C, and proprietor of
the Antrim stud, Warrenton, Virginia, writes me that
his horses are wintering finely. The former good
race horse Chorister heads the stud, and the brood
mares number about a dozen head, all bred in lines
likely to produce winners. Chorister, the son of
Falsetto and Addie C, is a bay horse of splendid
physique, standing 16.2 in height and weighing 1,300

pounds. Formerly, in the noted Castleton stud, Lex-
ington, Ky., he sired while there a number of good
ones, among them Whiteehapel, a horse known on
both continents. The returns are not all in for 1903,
but. during the previous year his get won over $28,000
on Jockey Club tracks, and with $1,500 won by Ma-
ria Bolton at Charleston, S. C, a track not recog-
nized, swells the total to something more than $30,-
000. This was some $15,000 more than was credited
to any other Virginia thoroughbred sire. Young
Dion Kerr, one of the crack gentleman riders of the
South, has charge of affairs at Antrim, and the five
yearlings on the place by Chorister from the farm
mares, he thinks will compare favorably with many
seen in the Blue Grass region of Kentucky.
jt Jt J*

The advertisement of Wealth, 2 :10, which appears
in this issue is decidedly interesting, as it refers to a
harness horse with a faster record than any other
stallion kept for service in the State. Wealth is in
the stud at Gordonsville, Va., in charge of S. F.
Chapman, whose father. Col. W. H. Chapman, pur-
chased the handsome son of G-ambetta Wilkes and
Magnolia, by Norfolk, when a suckling by his dam's
side, and has seen him develop grand individuality
along with speed of a sensational order. Gambetta
Wilkes is one of the handsomest and most successful
sons of the immortal George Wilkes. His get have
proven winners on all the big tracks, and he is the
leading sire of 2 :10 performers now, and promises at
no distant date to lead all sires of standard perform-
ers that has ever lived. On his maternal side Wealth
gets the potent blood of Nutwood, as his dam was sired
by Norfolk, a son of that illustrious sire, and back of
that comes more trotting and thoroughbred blood.
Write Mr. Chapman for the stud circular of his horse
and st.udv his blood lines.

jt Jt J*

The brown colt Featherbone, by Whalebone, dam
Alcyrene, a daughter of the famous dead Alcyone,
which I sold last fall through an advertisement in the
Planter to D. C. Lester, of Hatfield, Ark., is doing
nicely in his Southern home, and promises to de-
velop both speed and race horse quality. He is now
two years old. His dam, Alcyrene, I sold to M. W.
Savage, of the International Stock Farm, Minneapo-
lis, Minn., and she has been mated with Directum,
2 :<'•"-',•, regarded as one of the greatest sires alive to-
day. Mr. Lester formerly bred trotters in Idaho
and sold several for good figures, but now his time is
taken up with duties connected with his office of
sheriff of Polk county. Ark., still he devotes his spare
time to breeding fine horses and fancy live stock, for
which he is well fitted on account of a practical knowl-
edge of pedigrees and blood lines. Featherbone will
be developed by Mr. Lester and then placed in the
stud. Broad Rook.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

187

Miscellaneous.

VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, BLACKS-
BURG.

(Agricultural and Mechanical College.)

The great increase in the number of students at the
college, and the constant applications made for ad-
mission from all parts of the State, has produced such
congestion in the class rooms, dining hall and dor-
mitories that the Board of Visitors have been com-
pelled to apply to the Legislature of the State for a
special appropriation to enable them to meet the re-
quirements and to obviate the necessity for refusing
admission of students. They desire also to bring the
agricultural side of the college into due proportion
with the mechanical side. In the past few students
applied to take the agricultural course. Now farm-
ers are appreciating the value of science as an ad-
junct to their calling, and are asking that their sons
shall have scientific training at the college. There
are to-day more students taking the agricultural
course than ever before in the history of the college.
This and the probability of still more students de-
siring such instruction next term imposes upon the
Board the duty of supplying the necessary facilities
in the way of buildings and equipment In compari-
son with the agricultural colleges of many of the
other States, the buildings and equipment of our
college for the teaching of scientific agriculture are
most meagre and insufficient. We have been unpleas-
antly reminded of this in articles in several of the
agricultural journals recently. The standing which
the college has attained as a training place for young
men in the mechanical arts has brought it into promi-
nent notice in other States. This has led to special
investigation by journalists of those States of the
status of the college, and its equipment Whilst one
and all praise the mechanical side of the college and
the work it has done and is doing as evidenced by the
large number of graduates holding responsible posi-
tions in this and other countries, there is an equal
unanimity in lamenting the facilities afforded by the
agricultural department of the college. This should
not be allowed to continue, and will not, if the Legis-
lature will only find the money wherewith to remedy
it If the appropriation now asked of $200,000 be
granted not only will this deficiency be made good,
but accommodations will be provided for further stu-
dents in all departments. To-day there are nearly 700
of the sons of Virginia receiving instruction at the

college, a large number of them the sons of farmers.
If the necessary buildings are provided, not less than
1,000 young men of the State will in all probability
next session be learning how to do in the best way
something to earn a good living, and not merely how
to talk. We have talkers in excess already, we want
doers. Let the members of the Legislature hear from
every farmer in the State at once, urging the making
of the appropriation asked. The college is the farm-
ers college ; let it be made the greatest institution in
the State, as they are the greatest factor in the State's
progress.

BIRDS AND THE FARMERS.

We notice that some wiseacre in the Legislature
wants to place a price on the scalp of the crow and
the poor hawks are already in many counties thus
handicapped We desire to protest against such leg-
islation, and would ask our farmer friends to support
us in this matter by writing their representatives on
the subject. Investigation by a large number of au-
thorities has settled the question that the crow is the
farmer's friend, and not his enemy. His diet is al-
most wholly insectivorous at all times, and certainly
so during the breeding season. We knew a case where
a farmer was very wToth with a flock of crows for
frequenting his newly seeded wheat He was satis-
fied that they were eating the seed and pulling it up
as it germinated. One was shot, and examination
of this crow showed not a single grain of wheat, but
a crawful of wire worms and grubs. This man was
ever after a friend of the crow. In like manner the
hawk is a much maligned bird. Whilst it is true
that some members of the hawk family kill chickens,
yet it is equally true that nearly all the hawks are
great destroyers of mice, rats and other small ani-
mals of various kinds, which are destructive of crops.
A few years ago in the South of Scotland hawks and
owls were nearly exterminated by the game keepers.
As a result the whole section was infested with a
plague of rats and mice, which consumed an immense
amount of grain and fodder before they could be
destroyed. If our legislators must do something in
the way of legislating as to the birds we would strong-
ly urge that they repeal the legislation protecting the
Turkey Buzzard and in the place of protection offer
a good reward for the destruction of these
birds. They are the great means whereby hog chol-

188

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

era and other infections and contagions diseases of
animals are spread over the State. It should he
made a penal offence for any one to throw out a dead
animal to be consumed by buzzards. Make it im-
perative that all dead animals be either burnt or
buried deeply ; get rid of the buzzards and we will
soon be rid of hog cholera and other infectious and
contagious diseases of animals, or shall have them
confined to the limited areas, where outbreaks may
occur.

POLYGONUM sacchalinense; sachalien

BUCKWHEAT.

Editor Southern Planter:

Replying to an enquiry in the last issue, polygo-
num sacchalinense is as the Latin name indicates, not
a clover, but a buckwheat. It is a perennial grow
ing wild on the desert island of Sachalien, in the Sea
of Okhotsk, on the east coast of Siberia.

The plant was for the first time advertised for
sale about four years ago in Germany and Russia
A photograph shows that it grows from 7 to 8 feet
high, resembling tobacco. It is claimed that this
sachalien buckwheat grows on all kinds of soil, even
on sandy and gravely soils, and that it withstands the
hardest winters as well as the hottest summers. When
the plants are well established, they should last 20
years with little care. The young shoots are juicy
and tender, and should be cut when about 4 feet high.
From 2 to 3 crops may be harvested every year, or
one crop, if the plants are allowed to grow to the
full height of seven or eight feet. It is said that it
is not advisable to buy the seed, as it is difficult to
get it pure. The seed firm of Ernest Bahlsen, Wein-
berge, Prague, Bohemia, offers seedlings for sale:
1,000 plants, $47; 100, $5; 25, $1.50; 10, 75 cents.
If the seed or the plants can be bought here I am not
aware of it. H. Winkelman.

District of Columbia.

REMEDY FOR LICE ON CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

In reply to J. D. H. for a remedy for lice on cat-
tle I will give my remedy which has proved very
effective. I had several heifers that were looking
badly notwithstanding they were well fed and housed.
I had never had a lousy cow and felt rather insulted
when told they were lousy and paid no attention to
them, but soon one of them got so weak she could not
walk a hundred yards. I became alarmed and con-
descended to examine her, and to my horror, I think
there was a louse for every hair.

It was a cold February day, but a sunny day. I
knew she would die if not relieved at once. I made

a tea from a bundle of tobacco to two gallons of water
and put in enough kerosene to make it smell strong.
I took the leaves and rubbed the tea thoroughly all
over her. This was early in the morning. By night
every louse seemed to be dead, but in a few days I
saw others. I washed her the second time and got
rid of all the brood. I never saw any bad effects from
it. I treated all the others with like success aud have
never had a louse since. N. S. Watkins.

Goochland Co., Va.

We can endorse this remedy from personal expe-
rience.-— Ed.

HOG RAISING.

Editor Southern Planter:

Years ago after I had lost nearly a hundred hogs
und dispaired of raising hogs, having only seven left,
1 accidentally saw in an agricultural paper an arti-
cle on hog cholera and was so much impressed with
the same that I at once tried the preventive sug-
gested and as a result had no more disease. The rem-
edy was nothing but plenty of wood ashes where the
hogs could get them.

Before this time I always had great trouble to get
my hogs to fatten. Now 1 would as soon try to raise
chickens without Polk Miller's Victory Chicken

Powhatan Co., Va. W. W. Hobson.

Food as not to give my hogs plenty of ashes. As the
result of eating the ashes they had no bowel worms or
boils on their livers whilst before they were full.

A better preventive of disease than woqd ashes
alone is wood charcoal 1 pound, sulphur 1 pound, so-
dium chloride (salt) 2 pounds, sodium bicarbonate
l pounds, sodium hyposulphite 2 pounds, sodium
sulphate 1 pound, antimony sulphide (black anti-
mony) 1 pound. Pulverize and thoroughly mix.
Give a large tablespoonful for each 200 pounds
weight of hogs once a day. Mix with the slop food
and the hogs will eat it readily. — Ed.

FOREST HOME FARM, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

The proprietor of this farm writes us that during
the last year he sold over 250,000 pounds of 4.7 per
cent, milk and 130 hogs and pigs. Since November
1st last the farmers delivering milk to his creamery
(about 3,000 pounds per day) have received for their
product 30 cents per pound for their butter fat and
have had the skim milk returned to feed to their own
stock. Such a record must be very gratifying to the
farmers of that section and shows what may be done
to improve the condition of the farmers by the estab-
lishment of a creamery in almost any county of the
South.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

189

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMP'Y-

RICHMOND, VA.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

BrjSINU* .ViNAeER.

TERMS FOR ADVERTI8INO.
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to
subscribers In tbe United States and Canada
at 60c. per annum; all foreign countries and
tbe city of Richmond, 75c.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Offtce to which your paper Is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this 1b done.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription Is paid.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When
made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond,
Va., as second-class matter.

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of hav-
ing all advertisements, no matter
whether new or change of copy,
in our office by the 24th of each
month. Advertising forms close
on the 25th. We are compelled to
leave a number of advertisements
out of each issue because they are
received too late.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Tomato Growing — Potato (Irish) 166
Improving Land — Sec ling to

Grass and Clover 166

Alfalfa — Fig Trees — Bermuda

Grass 166

Tomato Blight — Winter Cabbage. 167

Specking of Tobacco 167

Grass Seeding 167

Sweet Potato Growing 167

Strawberries — Raspberries 168

Irish Potato Growing 168

Whitewash for Fruit Trees —

Wormy Apples 168

Preserving Skins of Animals — ■
Horses Rubbing Tails — Vetch

Seed 168

Ginseng 168

Draining Land 169

Dorset Sheep 169

Corn for Hog Feeding — Cow Peas,
Chufas and Rape for Hog Pas-
tures 169

Tomato Rot — Potato Bugs— Ni-
trate of Soda for Irish Potatoes,

Etc. — Gas Fly 170

Profitable Sheep and Hogs — Fer-
tilizer for Peanuts 1"0

Breeding Hares — Johnson Grass.

Grasses 171

Potash — Fertilizer for Cotton —

Clover in Cotton 171

Sheep Troughs and Racks — Pre-
venting Sheep Jumping — Cas-
trating Lambs 171

Crimson Clover 172

Pedigree Seed Corn 172

Strawberry Plants -172

Tobacco and Cow Peas — Pine Tags 172
Lice on Musk Melons — Tobacco

Dust 172

Larva for Name 172

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

The Majestic Rotary Washer is ad-
vertised in this issue by the Richmond
Cedar Works.

Mr. Percv L. Banks has a card on
another page offering "Bug Death," an
insecticide, which is rapidly coming
to the front.

Messrs. Shannon Bros, have an at-
tractive ad in another column. They
can handle commission orders for pure
bred stock on short notice.

Agricultural lime can be had of
Messrs. T. C. Andrews & Co. Look
up their card.

Mr. H. C. Ward who has the largest
broiler plant in this section, is offer-
ing some of his well known stock,
from which he makes his celebrated
broilers.

The Park Poultry Yards is a new
advertiser in this issue.

"M. D. L." desires tu purchase a
flock of common goats.

Choice nursery stock, ornamental
trees, etc can be had of the Murrell
Orchard & Nursery Co.

A new Berkshire advertiser in this
issue is Mr. John Calhoun. He has
the right foundation stock. Better
get his prices.

The Monarch Grubber & Stump Pul-
ler is offered by the agent for this
State, Mr. J. W. Ritchie.

The Risdon Seed Co. has a card in
another column, to which we invite
attention.

The Virginia Hill Poultry Farm is
offering first class stock and eggs from
the most popular strains.

The Granite Poultry Yards are of-
fering eggs and choice stock of Wyan-
dottes and Barred Plymouth Rocks.
Look up their ad and write for prices.
The Norfolk Farm Supply Co. has
an attractive card on another page.
Farmers who are needing any farm
tools or supplies, should get in corre-
spondence with this firm.

The Chicago House Wrecking Co.
has several attractive ads in this issue.
Zenoleum, the well known sheep
dip and disinfectant, is offered to our
readers for the first time in this issue.
Kindly refer to the ad and write for
some further information in regard to
this successful dip.

If you want Clean Fields
and Clean Crops, Sow •*

Wood's Trade Mark

Clover and
Grass Seeds.

They are the best and cleanest
qualities that it is possible to pro-
cure—free from plantain, daisy,
wild carrot and other objectionable
weed seeds, often found in ordi-
nary clover and grass seeds.

Wood's Seed Book for I9D4

gives the most complete informa-
tion and up-to-date experience
about all Grasses and Clovers.
Mailed free on request. Write for
Seed Book and special Price List
of Grass and Clover Seeds.

T. W, WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen,

4

Chambertin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A.

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clean an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clear* all stumps In a circle of 150 ft. without
moving or changing machine, Strongest, moit
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa.

Stump Pullers

grubbing - machines,
DERRICKS to handle
cane, cotton and tobacco.
Derricks to lead manure.
'Derricks for all purpose*.

Dept. l7 NATIONAL HOIST & riACHINB

CO., Chicago, III.

190

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

State of Ohio. City of Toledo. Lucas

County, ss.

Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he
is senior partner of the firm of F. J.
Cheney & Co.. doing business in the
city of Toledo. County and State
aforesaid, and that said firm will pay
the sum of one hundred dollars for
each and every case of Catarrh that
cannot be cured by the use of Hall's
Catarrh Cure.

FRANK J. CHENEY.

Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 6th day of De-
cember, A. D. 1886.

(Seal.) A. W. GLEASON,

Notary Public.

Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken inter-
nally, and acts directly on the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Send for testimonials, free

F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O.

Sold by all Druggists, 75c.

Hall's Family Pills are the best.

Kemp & Burpee Mfg. Co. are offer-
ing their up-to-date Manure Spreader.

The Belcher & Taylor A. T. Co. have
a couple of ads in this issue, one of
\heir corn planter and the other of a
tertilizer distributor. We have fre-
quent inquiries for the latter and beg
to suggest that this is the place to
get it.

Curry Bros., seedsmen, have an in-
teresting ad in another column.

The Hench & Dromgold Co. resume
their spring advertising in this issue.
Their Daisy Corn Planter is the of-
fering this month.

The B. F. Baker Co. are advertising
their traceless harness. Look up the
ad.

The International Harvester Co. has
several ads in this issue giving infor-
mation in regard to their various
branches. Kindly look up these ads,
so you will know where to apply for
repairs as well as new machines.

Parties desiring to purchase eggs,
poultry, poultry supplies, or incuba-
tors, should look through this issue
carefully. There will be found scores
of ads of prominent dealers and our
readers should have no difficulty in
being accommodated.

The real estate men always find the
Southern Planter a profitable adver-
tising medium. We suggest, there-
fore, that any one desiring to buy, sell
or exchange a farm should look
through our columns before placing
their property in the hands of an
agent.

The Electric Wheel Co. is using en-
larged space in this issue to exploit its
Low-down Handy Wagon and metal
wheels.

Dr. Jos. Haas would like to send
every hog raiser and breeder a copy
of his book entitled "Hogology." Look
up his ad and send for the book.

Mr. A. Pollard has two aJs in this
issue which will interest all horesmen.

H. Armstrong is offering seme bar-
gains in Herefords and Dorsets. We
invite attention to the : d.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

PLANO

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

BJ ME B nt*Mf Combined

nf+ LmtL%J C#fm Weeder and See*

The farmer who knows the value of liglit surface stirrinp and weeding1 of
gTOwing1 crops recognizes in this the prize implement. It is the flat too
cultivator. You know what that means— its special adaptability, it
service, its results. Increases crop 2o% to 40%. There is but one flat
tooth— the only satisfactory tooth— the Hallock patent. We have the
right to manufacture it

The Seeder A ttachment

mp(in3gettinpa pood stand of clover, timothy and other
prasses. It sows them all, and its positive force feedcan
be adjusted tns"w a.vurately from J t > 18 quarts per acre.
Especially valuahle in the wheat fields, as the surface

10 time the
eder can be

readily attached to or detached from the weeder frame.

Either is sold separately when desir-d . Catalogue is free.

Don't fail to write for free book of field ■cones, showing

half-tones from ifiotographs of the weoder In actual use.

Keystone Farm Machine Go*9 1554 North Beaver Street, York, Pa.

De-Loach Saw MilT|~^

Special for the Man with Light Power and Heavy Timber.
Cuts 2,000 to 1 0,000 Feet per Day. 4 to 20 h. p.

• Mill is especially adapted to the use of thresher-
men who have eneines, enabling them to secure profitable all
winter employment when the threshing season is over.

We Make All Styles

Saw mills from smallest to largest rapacity. A (rreat ex-
clusive feature in the Do Loach Variable Friction Drive.
In cheap Southern labor and

able

r-prlcod lu

eyota

I tho i

mils lor leaat
arid.

Our Mill Machinery Line includes shinde

Mills, Planers, Edeers. Trimmers, Stave Mills, l.alh
Mills, Water Wheels, Portable Grinding Mills, Stunt-
ing, etc. Ask for Saw Mill and General Machinery
.Catalogue. Mailed free for the asking.

De Loach Mill Mfg. Co.,

Box Goo Atlanta, Ga

J

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

191

CATALOGUES.

The annual catalogue of The Watt
Plow Co., Richmond, Va., is before us.
We are not Quite sure, but we think
this company has surpassed all pre-
vious efforts in getting up a thor-
oughly attractive and interesting cat-
alogue. It is chock full of illustra-
tions, descriptions and prices of every
implement and appliance used on or
about the farm: Carriages, harness,
threshers, engines, saw mills, evapo-
rators, harvesting machinery, all of
the latest natterns. All farmers are
invited to send for a copy.

The Reliable Incubator & Brooder
Co.. Quincy, 111., have just issued
their 20th annual catalogue, and as
usual with this company, it is a most
elaborate one. The Reliable people
are nothing if not unselfish. They do
not believe their yearly catalogue
should be entirely taken up by them-
selves in advertising their goods, but
sufficient space is given to the de-
scription of their incubators, brood-
ers and supplies, and the remainder
devoted to general information on
poultry subjects, making it a most val-
uable book for anyone who raises poul-
try. It gives many practical pointers
that would require years of experi-
ence to acquire. Every reader of this
paper should have a copy. Write for
one. Mention this paper when writ-
ing.

The Electric Wheel Co.. Quincy, 111.,
send us its latest catalogue. It is a
beauty. It deals, of course, with the
Electric Low Down Wagons and metal
wheels. This company, in introducing
its broad tire wheels, is doing more
for the good roads movement, than
nine-tenths of the legislatures in the
country. As to the Low Down Wagon,
anyone who has ever used one or seen
one, knows the enormous amount of
labor they save. The matter is treat-
ed fully and illustrated aptly in the
catalogue. Send for it. Address, Box
146, Quincy, 111.

One of the most striking catalogues
that has reached our table this sea-
son is that of the Ohio Carriage Man-
ufacturing Co.. Cincinnati, 0. It is a
splendid example of the printer's art
and is filled with interesting descrip-
tive matter and illustrations of this
company's celebrated Split Hickory
vehicles. This company has another
booklet, "Good Buggies and how they
are made." which will be mailed to
anyone for the asking, regardless of
whether he wants to buy a buggy or
not. Be sure and get both the cata-
logue and booklet. Address the com-
pany at Station 41, Cincinnati, O.

The B.P . Baker Co.. Burnt Hills,
N. Y., is a new advertiser in this iss>ue.
We hope you have seen their ad and
will write for a catalogue. This com-
pany is advertising Traceless Har-
ness. Did you ever hear of or see a
set? Probably not. The catalogue
gives full information and testimo-
nials from orchardists and others who
have used them.

FOUNDED
1802.

GOLD: MEDALS:

Paris, 1900. Pan-American, 1901.

for over a hundred years have been universally recognized as the stand-
ard of excellence. They received the GOLD MEDAL (the highest
award) both at the Paris Exposition of 1900 and at the Pan-American,

1901.

Our Catalogue

— the 103d successive annual edition — contains a more complete assort-
ment and fuller cultural directions than any other seed annual pub-
lished. It is beautifully illustrated, not with highly colored exaggera-
tions, but with the finest half-tones from life photographs. It contains
144 large size pages, and is in every respect and without exception the
most complete, most reliable, and most beautiful of American Garden
Annuals. We will mail it FREE.

Market Gardeners

are invited to send for our special price list of high-class vegetable seeds
for truckers and large market growers. It contains all sorts of ap-
proved merit

J. M. THORBURN & CO.,

36 Cortlandt St., NEW YORK.

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

-WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF-

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Grapevines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Currants,
Strawberries, Horse-B adisb, Asparagus,- Dewberries an

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and Hedge Plants.

EGOS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per It.
Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Immediate de-
livery. Write for Catalogue to

J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

192

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

The LANSING"

PERFECT TUBULAR SILO

is the Best Silo Made.

A. M. D. HOLLOWAY,

Builders Exchange, Phila ., Pa., U. S. A.

Write for Catalogue and PrlceB.

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

^fW1

J Clark's Rev. Buab Plow and Harrow
„ -1— ia cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.
*SyT5fV. k deep. Connects the sub-
~^~J soil water. It Is an ex-
cellent machine for
\ covering In sugar cane.
(Strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly cut
* forest, stump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop,

Clark's Double Action Cutaway „.«fvY~*>!V-
■arrow Boiea 15,000 tons ol_ '-
tarts ib a day.
Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

•^T$p*i(\*i Hi "ado single or double.
fl^-~~.~ ' V/V-j *-*De or two furrows five
Yc, j ,\ ^ IS'r'to ten Inches deep; 14
/ Nfc^K CTS.Y i Inches wide. For two or
Lr^^C'li Jiy four horses. Light draft.
*T t 3P *-t_-J~^ No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
as directed in his grass circular, we, the C. H Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard Hack , sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

WITH HUSKS OH

or off.

.ob corn o

r shelled

nil

grains.

It will

not

choke.

There'

i speed

ind

fine

Ol

coarse grinding \

ritfa

Kelly

DUPLEX
Grinding Mills.

Steady force feed. Doub-
le breakers, double setburri.
Little power, any kind, runs
. i.h*m 4 sizes. Catalog fre*.

The O. S. Kelly Co., Springfield, Ohio.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

CREAM OF TOMATO SOUP.

Put one can of tomatoes < and half
of an onion chopped fine in a pan to
stew for twenty minutes, till they can
be passed through a seive. Then put
them in a boiler and add half a tea-
spoon of soda, a tablespoon of sugar,
a teaspoon of salt, black pepper and
a pinch of parsley. Keep this at the
boiling point. Rub two large table-
spoons of flour into two tablespoons
of butter until smooth, and pour slow-
ly over them a quart of scalding milk.
Let it cook until it is creamy, then .
just before serving pour the tomatoes \
and milk together very slowly, and
put on the table at once. Do not cook
at all after they are mixed as there
is great danger of the milk curdling.
Have small souares of toast to eat
with this, putting a handfull into each
plate and pouring the soup over.

CREAM OF CELEET SOUP.

In the spring as the celery is hard
to get and is rarely as tender as
would like to have it, it is a very good
plan to make soup of it, and if you
have your own celery bed the short
rough pieces and the roots can be used
and they are really better than the
long tender pieces, as they have more
of the celery taste.

Chop up enough to measure one
quart, in small pieces, add to it one
quart of boiling water and let it cook
until thoroughly tender. Mash it and
rub it all through a seive, allowing as
much of the pulp to go through as pos-
sible. Melt two large spoons of but-
ter and stir into it two neaping table-
spoons of flour, when well blended,
not browned, add slowly one quart of
scalding milk, stir until smooth and
creamy and then put in the prepared
celery, half a teaspoon of onion juice,
salt and pepper to taste. Add half
cup of whipped cream just before serv-
ing.

STUFFED BEEF STEAK.

Select three nice pieces of round
steak. Lay one in the bottom of a
pan and make a stuffing just as for
turkey, with the addition of some
small pieces of chopped onion or on-
ion juice Spread this evenly over
the steak and put on the next piece
treating as before and then put on the
top piece, sprinkling some of the
dressing over it. Pour about three
cups of boiling water in which you
have melted two tablespoons of butter
over this. Pin it all together with
sharp pieces of wood, if you have no
skewers, and bake slowly for two
hours, basting several times. Serve
hot, slicing through all three pieces.

BAKED BEEF.

Buy a cheap cut, the neck, or any of
the odds and ends, without much
bone. Run it through the meat chop-
per, or sausage grinder. To about
two quarts put a pint of stale bread
crumbs, three raw eggs, salt, pepper,
and a half cup of melted butter, half
cup of tomato catsup, or soup mix-

orn Planting

and fertilizing go hand in hand, w*
lant in hills, drills or 0

c

^^F You can

checks and put in the ground all com-
ft^Sc znercial or home made fertilizers in

any condition, as wet,lumpy,etc. with

THE ECLIPSE

Corn Planter and

Fertilizer Distributer,

With Improved Row Marker.

Adapted as well to Peas, Beans, Beets, etc.
Hills 6 to 45 inches apart. Distributes 50 to
450 lbs. fertilizer per acre. Wide and easy
adjustment. Light draft, weight 150 lbs.
Easy to handle, a model for accuracy and
durability. Investigate our Eclipse Two
Row Two Horse Planter. Agents wanted in
new territory. Write for circularsand terms.
BELCHER & TAYLOR A. T. CO..

Box 25 , Chlcopee Falls. Moss.

■I llll ■ ~ -^

DAiSYf0*"

Planter

Aslnglerowco*~\ planter, made with or

fertilizer attachment. Has either double o.

single wheel. Has 4 rinsrs or dropping diea. Dropping1
and fertilizer feed reculrtteU by link chain belt. 6chain wheels
fordropplnrcorn. Drops 1 grain from 11 to HMDfh*Bor2gTalna
I rom 28 ta 38 lorhes apart. 8 extra feed wheels forfertlllzer at-
tachment drills 20 to 625 lbs fertilizer per acre. Ground wheel la
front cai be raised or lowered fur deep or shallow planting
ExtrarlntTBca.il be supplied for dropping or drill log peas, bean.,
ciisilaceeorn, stc Vv rite for Catalogue

HENCH A PROMGOLP, York. Pa.

The Best Power

after all Is steam power. The best example la

LEFFEL ENGINES

witn Stationary Tubular Boiler

This outat contain! all tho L.ff.l superiority and
efficiency. Easy steamers, lituo fuel, easy hand-
ling, alwaysln order,
long lived. Ufa, etc.
This style made 10 to
•0H.1' Many other
styles of engines and
boilers for all pur-
poses. Get free book
Powor Economy
aad LIB.

Jlmej
Ltffal&Ct.
_ -a In 134

Springfield. Onto.,

MEND YOUR OWN SHOES.
Send for our complete

Cobbler's Outfit %"£

half-aoling iron stand

versible lasts, 1 shoe

I pegging

wooden box. bond for free

°flSTr!wART BROS.
DlumbuE, Chio, IT. S. A.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

193

THE SPRAY PUMP ON

BEST

EARTH

We know Its merits
from practical expe-
rience. Having used al-
most all known pumps
In our own orchards,
consequently we are
able to judge of Its su-
periority over all oth-
ers. It Is the most
durable pump made.
The easiest working
pump; no stuffing boxes
x ._ to look after. The han-
dle is adjustable to suit
the height of the ope-
agitator is a simple, direct mo-
tion, and keeps the solution thoroughly mix-
ed. A pressure of 150 to 200 pounds can be
easily obtained. Hand and Geared Vineyard
Sprayers a specialty. Patented and manufac-
tured by LATHAM & CO.,

Sandusky, O. Send for Catalogue.

rator.

S§sray Apple Trees.

There's no other way to get right fruitage. Its mounted

barrel tank, suWmer-cd hrnss cylinder, bronze ball

valves and automatic agitaiiun make the

CENTURY SPRAYER

the. deal for all orchard operations. All kinds sprayers
for all purpses. 80 styles, Hand, Bucket, Knapsack,
Barrel, Field, Power. Special needs all met. Catalog
free. Eookletoninsectsand fruit diseases 10c.

THE DEMINC CO., SALEM, OHIO.
Henlon & Hubbell, Western Agents, Chicago, Ills

Get the B&st

THE EGLIPSEl

good pump. As prac- g
tical fruit growers we |
e using the com-
l sprayers in our
l orchards — found
their defects and then invented
The Eclipse. Its success
practically forced us into man-
ufacturing on & large scale.
You take no chances. We have
done all the experimenting.

Large fully illustrated
Catalogue and Treatise^
on Spraying— FREE. j.

FORCE PUMP
HAS NO EQUAL

PRICE REASONABLE

CATALOGUE FREE

AGENTS WANTED

THE HOIL MFC. CO.

ture. Mix all together well with a
fork and put it into a pudding disk,
bake slowly or steam. This makes a
good dinner dish. It looks better
made into a mound or pone and baked,
garnishing with celery tops or pars-
ley, and served either hot or cold for
tea.

TOMATO SALAD.

Scald one can of tomatoes until
tender, rub them through a seive, let-
ting the seed and pulp go through too.
Season, with salt, pepper, a teaspoon
of onion juice and while hot pour into
it four tablespoons of gelatine, which
has been soaked in a half cup of cold
water for two hours. Pour it into a
mold and let it stand till the next day.
Serve on lettuce leaves with mayon-
naise.

BAKED EGGS.

Boil your eggs twenty minutes. A
dozen will make a good dish. Take
off the shells, and when cold slice
them in thin slices, put a layer into
the bottom of the pudding dish, and
over this a layer of fine crumbs of
stale bread, salt, peper and dabs of
butter. Repeat the operation till the
dish full, having the crumbs on top.
Over this pour a pint of sweet milk
and bake twenty minutes.

PINE APPLE PIE.

One can of grated pineapple,, or a
pint of grated fresh pineappel. One
and a half cups of sugar, three heap-
ing tablespoons of butter, five eggs,
whites and yolks beaten separately,
very light. Cream the butter and
sugar, add the yolks, and then a cup
of rich cream, then the fruit and last-
ly the whites. Mix all well together
and bake in Dans lined with rich pas-
try. Good hot or cold, but better cold.

SOFT GINGEE BREAD.

One-half cup of butter, two cups of
good Porto Rico molasses. One cup
of sugar, four cups of flour, one tea-
spoon of soda and a cup of sour milk,
three tablespoons of powdered ginger,
and half teaspoon of cloves. Serve
hot or cold.

PRUNE CAKE.

One cup of butter, one cup of milk,
two cups of sugar, creamed into the
butter, three cups of flour and four
eggs, beaten separately, one teaspoon
of baking powder. Bake in layers
and spread between them a filling
made with: One-half pound of the
best prunes soaked in water all night
and allowed to steam until the stones
can be removed easily, when cold add
one quarter of a pound of chopped
almonds, and one quarter of a pound
of chopped pecans, chopping the fruit
and nuts together until they are al-
most a paste, then stir them into an
icing made with the whites of three
eggs and six tablespoons of powdered
sugar beaten very light.

QUEEN OF PUDDINGS.

Two and a half cups of bread
crumbs. Over them pour a quart of
scalding milk, beat the yolks of four

We have sold up to date more
than a million and a quarter light
draft, wide tire, low steel wheels.
We are making more of them than
any two other factories.

Several hundred thousand farm-
ers whoare using them say they are
the hest by every test. Does "that
mean anything? It means just this:

ELECTRIC

Steel Wheels

ELECTRIC

Handy Wagon

have proved themselves to be superior
to any other. No living man can build
abetter. We in.tkc- them ourselves, by
our patented process. They are mad.
i-'qtu. W i - - .■ ili,-]ii the strongest pos-
sible guaranty. You run no risk in
buyim.' tliem. The spokes ore united
with the hub and simplv can'! work
They last a lifetime without

h.i.'k \ :- . 1 i n ; ln-h

go

tires. Don'l

ELECTRIC WHEEL COMPANY,
Box 146 Qulncy, III.

3 J STANCHION.

t ''■;*»£ CLEAH.SAFE,
aaliSU COMFORTABLE.

Mfg by W B.CRUMB, ForestvillelDHN.

Defender

Spr<

All bn

ayer

;s, easiest work*
ngr, most powerful, aut»
nattc mixer, expansion
■lives, double strainer.
Catalogue of Pumps and '
Treatise oa Spraying free.
Agents Wanted;
J. T. Qaylord, Box K! OatatUl, «. 5,

ENT CATERPILLEft DESTROYER.

R.B. WIIiMMSON.CjjnDN Spjuncs,N.Y

194

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

Broad Tired Wheels Make Light Draft

and avoid rutting lipids. Shafts or tongue for one

Ik adjustment for drilling or

broadcasting, fast or slow spreading. Soon makes

- -'fertilizer. Free circ. and testimonials.

BelcKer «L Taylor A. T. Co.,
Box 25 Chicopee Falls. Mass.

eggs with one cup of sugar and stir
into this while it is hot. Let it cool
and put into a pudding dish with a
half pound of seeded raisins, season
with nutmeg and bake slowly until it
is well set, then take it out and
spread ever the top a layer of acid
jelly or iam and the whites of the eggs
beaten lieht with six tablespoons of
sugar, let it brown and set aside to
get cold. Serve with cream seasoned
with vanilla. Cabaven.

Farmers Having Stumps

to pull or land to clear, will do well to
investigate

The Monarch Grubber
and Stump Puller.

It Is the best on earth; you make no mis-
take in buying of a man of 5 yean' ex-
perience in pulling stumps. We set up the
Puller and guarantee satisfaction before we
want your money. 5 sizes. Write for cata-
logue and prices. JOS. W. RITCHIE, State
Agent. R. F. D. No. 38. Grottoes, Va.

What About Your Drinking Water?

Are you satisfied with It? Do you have

enough?

I SINK ARTESIAN WELLS

WITH THE MOST MODERN IMPRROVED

MACHINERY.
Sparkling Artesian Well Water Possible. You
can have it Absolutely Pure and Your Own.
Surface and Reservoir Water Is
more or less polluted.
1 Guarantee First Class Work and Rapid Ex-
ecution of Contract.

JNO. W. RANDALL, White Plains, N. Y.

Correspondence solicited.

lifCI I DRILLING
WELL MACHINES

Tie OMt successful money-maklns ma-
thlsei erar made. Ala* machines far bartai
walla witk augers by bora* pawar. WrtU
aa if you mean baalneaa.
Loomia Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio.

THE GOOD OLD TIME PIECES OF
OUR GRANDFATHER'S "DAYS.

How well we remember the old fash-
ioned clocks of our grandfather's
days. They were from six to ten feet
tall, eighteen inches wide and stood
up against the wall, generally In the
dining room, and were wound up once
a week.

They were a slow, solemn, dignified
set — those old fashioned clocks. They
generally stood in a corner of the din-
ing room and solemnly, soberly, and
sedately marked off the time: and the
monotonous "tick-tock. tick-tock, tick-
tock" sounds in our ears after forty
years wanderings from the old home
and the old clock.

There was no intimation of flying
seconds in those old clocks. It was a
slow steady, solemn noting of the
passing minutes. The "tick-tocks"
were not rapid enough to catch and
note the seconds.

How oft in the silent watches of the
still midnight; and in the almost op-
pressive stillness of the Holy Sab-
bath, have we heard that solemn in-
junction "don't hurry," "don't hur-
ry," "don't hurry" and everybody in
the good old times of our grandfath-
er's days and clocks heeded this in-
junction; and they "didn't hurry,"
"didn't hurry." "didn't hurry," "didn't
worry;" but took things easily, then.
There was no hustle, bustle, worry
and drive. But those old clocks; those
old times; and those old fashioned
people have all passed away.

Time now is marked by "fractions
of seconds" upon the little spasmodic
clocks of the present. The old clock
said plainly "don't hurry;" the mod-
ern clock says "you get." The very
clocks of the present exert a quicken-
ing nervous influence upon our steps;
our thoughts and our actions. We
think quickly— speak quickly— and
act quickly. We are compelled to do
so. If we do not act quickly, promptly
and intelligently, the very time pieces
say "got left," "got left," "got left."
The old clock said "don't hurry," the
new one says "you get" and even the
Virginia farmer has "to get" or "get
left." A. Jeffebs.

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEEN FOT.LY

TESTES AlfD FOUND

SUPERIOR TO ALL

OTKF.IS.

Will fit uneven
gTOund without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has noemesh
at the bottom for small chicks. W e : also make
Stra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest
poultry farms are usingthis fence-yver ,00 rods
by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisf v every one or no sale. Can ship from
N Y Chicago, or San trancisco. \\ rite tor
freejcatalogof Farm, Lawn and Poult. y Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 3*0, Colchester, Conn. '

WIRE • FENCE

Heavv lateral wires, heavy bard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durabilitv. the Hard Steel can-
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0-

WIRE $1.40

4 inclusive. Lengths
to 250 ft. Per 100 lbs. tl
Staple*, all sizes, per 100
- - orled f-

Iba

Wire Nail., £

100 lbs. il.70. Barbed Wlr
100 lbs. t2.60. P«nltry Netting. Field Fence, etc., at
low prli'^s. A.k for free eutuloguc

roerehnmiiseof all kinds iron
CUKAGO 1UIISE HUtl klM, I

Genuine spiral Spring Wire
FENCES FIND GATES

your dealer does not have our
wds in stock you can buy direct

Manufacturers' Price. Write
r Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus, Ohio.

IF A HEAVY HORSE

PASE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO.. Adrian, Michigan.

"Your Plant Setter is the best thing
that ever struck the tobacco, tomato
and cabbage sections." Read Masters
Planter Co.'s ad. in another column.

INVESTIGATE

.« >'»>:» »m i »:*>»:

LAWN FENCE

Many designs. Cheap as
wood. 32 page Catalogue
free. Special Price* to Cem*-
tcrleaandChareheft. Address
COILED SPRING FES CB §0.
Box Q Winchester, lnd.

w

mi

•■*&|f%F We'll tell you tbe cheapest
KIlvL and best way to build It. Of

and best way to build it. Of

ny kin<l or wire, for any requirement,

- with cheap labor, no machine and we'll tell

yon how to fix yourold fences too. Write

B. 8. FENCE CO., H2 W. 3rd tit., i*eru, lnd.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

19S

*',?.»?«, FEED GRINDER

to test on his own farm. Grinds ear corn
and all small grain. If it is not the easiest
running, with largest capacity, don't keep it.
It is strong and powerful— a time saver and a
money maker. Send for circulars and full
particulars.

G. HI. DITTO, Box 48 Joliet, Ills.

.FEED MILLS.

Every Man His Own Miller.

The latest improved. Does all kinds
of work. Most durable; has ground
over 15,000 bushels without repair or
expense. The fastest grinder; haB
ground 300 bushels in 4 hours.
Lightest draft and lowest price. The
World's Best I Send for prices to the
manufacturers.

N. M. FIELD MFG. CO., St Louis, Mo.

IMe Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate

From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone
ters, hand and power, for the ]
trymen ; Farm Feetl Mills,
ham flour Hnn.l Mills, tti-it
Shell Mills. Send for i-atalui.:.
\V!I.-<-.S BROS.. Sale Mfr
Eoston, Pa.

Steam, Gas or Water Pipe, in
sizes from one half to twelve inches diameter.
It is complete with threads and couplings,
linen, per foot 8 llrt.. 1', : inch, per loot, 4 1-4 cts.
We handle nil kinds of w.-ll easing Write us your
wants in the pipe line. We have all kinds of supplies or
this character. Write for Free Catalogue No. 166.
CHICAGO HOUSE WRFlklSG CO.,
Weal Both and Iron Street. Chleugo.

SENT ON TRIAL

A Fence Machine that will make over 10C
Styles of Fence and from 50 to 70 rods a day

AT ACTUAL COST OF WIRE

Horse- hi L-li, llull-strone:. Pig and Chicken- tlpht.
Wire at Wholesale Prices. Catalogue Free

Kitselman Bros. Box 165 Muncie, Ind

FENCE!

Ml MM 6 ESI
MADE. Boil

strong. Ohicken
tight. 8old to the Farmer at Whole**!*
Price*. Pally Wuxuud. Catalog Free

rpilin &PRL5Q FRSiflB CO.,
Po« »• VbuliMUr, Indian*. V. S. L

WE'LL PAY THE FREICHT

IDd st-D.14 Busry iVI^^N. Sirel Tire on, . $7.25
1 Rubber Tires, $15.00. I mfg. wheels % to 4 in.
tread. Top Buggies, tSB.76 1 Harness. $3 60. Write for

ir,r.llaKlttE.W.V.|!OOIt,tlncinnall,0.

A. D. REYNOLDS, Bristol, Tenn.,

Will consider the purchase of a good, second-
hand STUMP PULLER, If the right make.

A STUDY IN MONEY ORDERS.

Sixth Auditor Castle Shows a Qroup
of Congressmen the Complexities of
the System. Instructive Object Les-
son. Post Check Currency Would
Give Better Satisfaction With no
Cost to the Government.
An object lesson, showing the ef-
fects and expensiveness of the postal
money order system, was given a few
days ago to several members of the
House Post-office Committee by Cap-
tain Henry A. Castle, Auditor for the
Post-office Derjartment.

Mr. Castle first conducted his visi-
tors to the "Auditor's library," as it
called. Here are 7.000 loose-leaved
binders each making a volume larger
than the largest counting-house ledg-
er, and weighing "" fifteen pounds.
These 7,000 binders are filled an-
nually with postmaster's statements of
money orders issued and paid, which
are sent to the Auditor's office with
the 40,000,000 money orders issued an-
nually, as vouchers.

The party next visited the "Machine
room," where scores of high-salaried
clerks were operating adding ma-
chines which verified the additions of
the money order statements sent in by
postmasters. More than 150,000 or-
ders are daily handled in this room.

The visitors then went to the
"Round table" room where other
clerks were distributing an average
of 150,000 money orders daily. The
orders are thence taken (and the party
followed them) to forty desks where
nimble-fingered operators, mostly
young women, separate them by towns
in each State, arranged alphabeti-
cally.

The money order vouchers are now
ready to be checked with the ac-
counts of the issuing postmaster, and
thirty-five expert clerks were found
doing this. From the checkers, the
money orders are tied in bundles, pro-
perly labelled and filed in tLe archives
of the Auditor's office for seven years,
as reauired by law. The postmasters'
statements, constituting the accounts,
are filed in the loose-leaf binders as
described, and are ready for entry in
the ledgers of the Bureau where the
accounts are kept. The 7,000 volumes
of the statements are preserved also
for a term of seven years.

The effect on the visiting Congress-
men was startling. They learned also
that the majority of orders are for less
than $2.50 each. For their issue 3rd
and 4th class postmasters get the en-
tire fee of three cents. First and sec-
ond class postmasters employ high-
salaried clerks for this work, and the
cost to the service is still greater. The
paying of the orders, the bookkeeping,
and the transmitting of them to Wash-
ington, entail a heavy outlay for sala-
ries, without a penny of compensat-
ing revenue: so that, in addition to
the loss of time, in going to the post-
office, applying for money orders, and
awaiting their issue, is this additional

THE YORK

Improved Weeder

The flexibility of tlie teelti is tlie iriipnrhinr point in a

weeder. The York Improved Weeder hw teeth ot

ttquurc sprim; sled wiili run ml iioiiHs. 'I' I ■ ■ ■■■■ [■■■• Mi
li.'ive ^r-Jiit flexibility , uml Ixmijk narrow in the hudy they
du not whip or bruise the pruu iiij- plri.ii t h as H:it v<-iU •!*».
This style al^o allows more clearance and prevents clog-

giug. Our square teeth

* not break. The frame
made of strong

It's ihe Saving

of cream, easeof running and easy
cleaning that people are looking
for in Cream Separators. These
axe strong points with the

American

For the proof try it on your own
premises before buying. We rely

on its work to sell it to all.

Everybody likes its popular
price. Catalog free for the asking.
AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO., Boi 1076, Bainbridgt, N. Y.

Don't

Waste
Your

Strength.
Use

RAKER'Q TRACELESS
DftRCn O HARNESS.

No whiffletrees— no traces. Fine forfarm w,.rlc. Has no
equal for use in orchard, vineyard, garden, lumbering, etc.
Easier on team. Write us now. Catalog free. Agents wanted.
B. P. BAKER CO., 238 Main St., Burnt Hills, N. Y.

T YOUR IDEAS

SI 00,000 offered for one in-
vention; 58,500 for another.
Book "How to Obtain a Patent"
and "What to Invent "sent free. Send
roueh sketch for free report as to
patentability. We advertise yonr
patent for sale at our expense.
CHANDLEF S CHANDUE, Patent Attorney*
976 F Street, Washington, D. C.

AN INSTANT'S

and the dehorning job is smoothl
crushing or bruising if th

KEYSTONE

Dehorning Knife.

is used. Easy, sure and most speedy
in operation. No evil results can fol-
low. Cuts from foursidesat once. En-
dorsed by veterinarians. Guaranteed.

M. T. Phillips, Box 45, Pomeroy, Pa.

AATEST

aOwton'B Patent.)

R oSwmer
_ Guaranteed

THOUSANDS IN USE.
Ask your hardware dealer tor them c

H. 1L BKOWN MFG. CO.,

IMX'ATUK, ILL

WE PAY $33 A WEEK and expenses to men
with rigs to Introduce Poultry Compound. In-
ternational Mfg. Co., Parsons, Kan.

196

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

A man in Virginia whose tobacco crop
astonished his neighbors sent us a photo*
graph that shows how it was done. This
tobacco was all planted the same d.^y and
fertilized alike except that that on the left
received a Top Dressing of

Nitrate of Soda

(THE STANDARD AMMONIATE)

100 pounds to the acre, and that on the
right received none. Any eye can see if
it was profitable. Anyone interested in
getting the best crops from Ins land will
find information worth reading in the Bul-
letins which I send free to farmers.
Actual results, from the trial grounds of
Agricultural Experiment Stations with all
sorts of crops are given, together with r.ll
information on the u^e and value of Kit rate
in fertilizing Send name and complete
address m; Po<t Card.

WTT.T.TATrT S MYERS, Director,
12-16 John St., New York.

Will JUUL UUrtLL. trolled by UBlng

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH
■WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3.

It also prevent. Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en-
tomologists. This soap Is a fertilizer as well as
Insecticide 60 lb. kegs, J2.S0; 100 lb. kegs, t* 50.
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3J4c. per lb.; barrels,
426 lbs., at 3J4c. Large quantities, special rates.
Send for circular.

JAMES GOOD.
939—11 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa

FRAZEK

Ax*e Grease ,„*?„&.

IU wearing qualities ara unsurpassed, ac-
tually out'aeting 3 bxs. any otber brand,
Not affected by beat. «s~Get the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

LIME

AGRICULTURAL
AND BUILDERS'

Send for Circulars and Price-List

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS,

REEVES CATT, Agent,

Staunton, Virginia.

j& ROOFING TIN j*

Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder', bard
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon
goods, paints and oils, cook and beating stores
guns, pistols, rifles, "Robin Hood" loaded shells
Do you use any of the above? Write us.

E. Bread
m'd.Va

[March,

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., 80S

Mention the Southibn Planteb In
writing.

pecuniary loss to the government.

When the tour of the office had heen
ended the visitors asserted that Con-
gress should, without delay, adopt
some plan whereby this expensive and
burdensome work could be reduced,
or, at least, its enormous growth dis-
couraged.

The remedy for much of this evil
lies in the adoption of the post check
plan, as post check currency would re-
quire no auditing. The bill embody-
ing this plan is now before the House
Committee on Post-offices. A favora-
ble report on it is expected at an early
day. and it is hoped that favorable
action by the House will not long be
delayed. Urge your representatives
at Washington to support the bill.

HIGH BRED ENGLISH SETTERS.

Mr. William G. Owens, of Midlo-
thian, owner of The Cedars poultry
and stock farm, has just added to his
collection of high breds, a pair of Eng-
lish Setter Gips that are entirely
worthy to join the colony of blue
blooded bird dogs of Virginia and they
will no doubt be heard of in the Vir-
ginia Field Trials Association meet-
ings in the future. The most noted
of the two dogs is Miss Cambria A.
K. C. No. 30064, by Manitoba Glad-
stone dam the blue belted imported
field trial winner . Jeannie Deans,
said to be the fastest dog ever seen
in America. Manitoba Gladstone A.
K. C. No. 7157, also a blue belted one, is
by Mark J. dam Cambria, a grand
daughter of Champion Gladstone, who
won four field trials and sired twen-
ty-five winners who won forty-nine
trials and great grand daughter of
Champion Leicester, sire of six field
trial winners who won seventeen
trials. Miss Cambria is a beautiful
black ami white and a great field dog.

The very worthy sister mate of Miss
Cambria is the bench winner Doning-
tons Song, A. K. C. No. 78574, black
white and tan by Larry Noble, he by
Ezra Noble dam Cornelia G, she by
Champion Gladstone dam Cornelia by
Champion Leicester. Ezra Noble is
by Imported Champion Count Noble
who won four trials and sired twenty-
nine winners who won fifty-four field
trial purses. Song is not only a splen-
didly bred dog. but is very handsome
and stylish with a powerful well
knit symmetrical frame and in show
conditions weighs fifty-five pounds.

Both dogs have been sent to Mr.
Owens' country home at Midlothian,
Va., and will be bred during the com-
ing spring. Song will be entered in
all the kennel shows in this locality
next fall and winter and it is possible
that Miss Cambria may be seen in the
field trials at Chase City next fall.

A receipt for making Liquid Fertil-
izer goes free with every Setter. Read
Masters Planter Co.'s ad. on another
page.

LAMP-FITS.

How do you know what
chimney fits your lamp ?

Your grocer tells you.

How does he know ?

He don't.

Do you then ?

That's about how lamps
are fitted with chimneys by
people who don't use my
Index; and they complain
of bad chimneys ! Lamp-
Fits indeed ! Do you want
the Index? Free.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

LATE - POPULAR - MUSIC.

19 Cents Per Copy, Postpaid.

[iNSTRt'llEI-TAT.]

HIAWATHA, two step or vocal. THE RAJAH,

march. LAUGHING WATER, intermezzo.

KNIOHTS AND LADYES, waltzes.

[VOCAL]

DOWN ALABAMA WAY, new hit.

BY THE DREAnY SUSQUEHANNA.
^JWHAT BECOMES of the BROKEN TOYS
ANY RAPS, DEDELI A, and 3000 other!

.CATALOGUE FREE.

WORLD_MUSIC SUPPLY CO.

Box 763 PHILADELPHIA, PA*.

HOME WORK for WOMEN

Our book •'Practical ideas for Profitable

Home Work" teaches women how to become
Independent without leaving home. It i6
clear and practical, covering many lines of
work. The finding of a market for your
goods is thoroughly discussed, and valuable
suggestions are given. Book sent on receipt
nf postal order for 55 cents
Woman's Work Pub. Co., Amer. Tract Bldq.,
New York City.

POSITION WANTED

As farm manager, by a thoroughly competent
man. Have had large experience and can
furnish beat of references. Apply to W. H.
ELLERINGTON. Naples. N. Y.

SECRET

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMERS
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly sick,
$20 waekly accident and $2,000 death benefit,
and $50 old age pension. Organizers wanted;
good pay. KNIGHTS OF AGRICULTURE,
Washington, D. C.

WARNER'S

CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL, at Bradford,
Pa., learn ei Shorthand. Bookkeeping and
Penmanship by mall. Write now.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

197

Spavin

i

Bone Spavin, Bo£ Spavin. Blnebone
any kind of blemish— we have what •
need to make a certain cure. Ouaram
always— money right back If It ever tails.

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid)

for the soft bnnches— Paste for the hard
ones. A 45-minute application and the
lameness sroes. Lois of blemish infor*
illation in the free book we send.

tfislula,

arvd

fPoll Evil

Do yourself what horse doctors
charge big prices for trying to do.
Cure Fistula or Poll Evil in fifteen
to thirty days.

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure

Is a wonder— guaranteed to cure any
case— money back If it fails. Nocutting—
so scar. Leaves the horse Bound and
jmooth. Write for our free book on
Jiseases and blemishes of horses.

FLEMING BROS., Chemists,
280 Lnlon Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.

BLACKMAN'S
MEDICATED

SALT BRICK

The only guaranteed Tonic, Blood Part-
ner, Kidney and Liver Regulator and
older of Digestion for oil atoek. A
sure hit on worms. Ticks cannot live.
No dosing, no drenching, and no waste
of feed. Your horse his own doctor.
Endorsed by thousands

full descriptive circulars, testimonials,
etc. address

Blackmail Stock Remedy Co.

920 HighlandPark,Ohattanoog»,Tenn.

jlJEATH TO HEAVES

THE AMERICAN CREAM SEPARA
TOR.

One of the most profitable invest-
ments that can be made by a farmer
is the nurchase of a hand Cream Sep-
arator. The only question to-day is,
■which machine is most efficient and
durable, and reasonable enough in
price to make it a good investment
for the man with only two or three
cows.

The makers of the American Cream
Separator, the American Separator
Company, of Bainbridge, N. Y., have,
we believe, met with all these require-
ments and possibly many more, but
we cannot use the space here to
enumerate all the admirable qualities
of their machine.

They are also the makers of the
American Treadle Power which re-
duces one-half the arm power other-
wise required and can be adjusted to
fit any make of Hand Separators and
other machines operated by hand,
such as churns, fanning mills, feed
cutters, etc.

(See ad. page 195.)

1 jt --

We are showing herewith a cut of
the Separator with the Treadle Power
attached as it appears in use. The
Separator is advertiser! regularly in
our columns. No adequate idea of the
merits of the machine can be gath-
ered without a study of the catalogue;
and when prices are quoted, it becomes
all the more persuasive. It must not
be forgotten that the American is
sold freely on trial. Every purchaser
has the opportunity to test fully and
prove for himself bef^.-e completing
a bargain. We urge readers who ar;
in need of a Separator to send for the
American catalogue, and investigate
fully before placing an order.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Offlcs.

Warranted

to give satisfaction.

GOMBAULT'S

CAUSTIC BALSAM

A safe, speedy and
positive cure for

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock,
Strained Tendoas, Founder, Wind Puffs,
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone
and other boay tumors. Cures all slria
diseases «r Parasites. Thrash, Diphtheria.
Removes aU Banckes from Horses or
Cattle.

Every bottle of Oaa.tic Hainan sold is
>v arranted to jrire satisfaction . PriceSl.S*
per bottle. Sold by druffcists, or sent by ex-
press, charges paid, with full directions for its
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-
nials, etc. Address

TEE LAWMRIS-raLlAHSMMPlNY.CkYBlalld, Okio.

HOW TO FEED AND BREED HOGS

is of importance to swine growers. A.

i practical, clean, common-sense swine

• for farmers can be had from now

ar7. I9°5. ^y sending 10 Cent*.

"ver at once to

.BLOODED STOCK,*

Oxford, Pa.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Beb White Quafl.
Grey Squirrels. Bear, Etc.

CECIL FRENCH,
;' 718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washingtor, D. C.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment tf THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE Ji.
other Drug Addrctiins. The TtMacc* Habit, Nerve Exhaustion

Krausers' Liquid
Extract of Smoke

smokes iTit-nt perfectly In a
;. Made fruni hickory wood.

. Ilavi.r '

NO MORS BLIND HORSES— For Spec"
Ophthalmia, Moan Bllndnaea and other t
Byea. BARRY CO., Iowa City, la., hav.

198

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

.SALIER'S
FARM

SEED NOVELTIES

Salzer's National Oats.

Most prolific Oata on earth. Tbe
U. S. 1'ept. of Agriculture. Waal
Inyton, says: "Salter's Outs are ttj
beat out of over four hundred son
I tested by us." This grand Oat
yielded in Wisconsin 156 bu.. Oliio
157 bu., Michigan 231 bu.. Mi-
f 250 bu., and North Dakola31obu. per
I acre, and will positively do as wel
rou. Try It. sir. and be convinced.

A Few Swan to Yields.
Salzer'i turdlwi lirUi, 1-1 bu. atr 1.
Salitr's ■ •uulailiir Ctrl, 311 bu. p«r A.
Sailer's lie f .ii r *ats. 55» in. p«r 1.
Salnr'j J«w .Hatiaaal OaU, 31* bu. pfr 1.
S.ilttr's f.ut..v 73* ii. par 1.

Sailer's • in. l.tM ku. per 1.

All of our Farm and Vepetable Seeds ara
pedigree stock, bred right up to big yields.

Salzer*s Million Dollar Grass.

earth. Editors an
College 1'rofess.ois ami Amu ultural l.eeturei
praise it without stint, yields n t-.ns of nc
hay and lots of pasture besides, peracra

Salzer's Teosinte.

feet limb in 90 days: vie). line fmlv l
'tis of gr
?ll every
or Hortb.

Grasses and Clovers.

Only large growers of grasses and

tiake V=S.»-U=^,

Fodder Plants, i

ns, fabbage.andall .
sorts of Vegetable Seeds.

For 10c in Stamps

and the name of this paper, we

v.iu ft lot of farm

seed samples, including some

toe-ether villi our

mammoth l + i page till

trated catalogue, for

but 10c in postage

Send for same
to-day.

^^

JOHN A.SALZER SEED CO.

LA CROSSE, WIS.

R

ATEKINS'
SEEDS

ALWAYS RELIABLE AND BEST
Because thev are fresh and NEW. Strictly Iowa
grown anil Sure to Orow. Our big Twentieth
Annual Illustrated Catalog tells you all about
eve--v Farm and Garden Seed and crop that
crows Its Free if you mention this paper. No
Fakes; Free Seeds ; Trash and other Schemes ;
but good reliable Seeds cheaper than others sell
at wholesale. If in want of Seeds send for our
' atalog to-day. RATEKINS* SEED HOUSE.

^Shenandoah, Iowa.

WASHINGTON NOTES.

No better five and three quarter mil-
lion dollars can be appropriated by
the roTernment than that carried by
the agricultural appropriation bill as
it passed the House, although this ac-
tion does not mean that it may not be
largely increased or decreased in the
Senate and in conference before it be-
comes a law. There may be some
things in it which could be eliminat-
ed, without great harm to the country,
and there are certainly some sections
where additional appropriations
would be highly advantageous. Those
Congressmen who need help for re-
election will doubtless vote with avid-
ity for the $290,000 appropriation for
seed distribution. And right here in
this section of the bill is a proviso,
which, did the majority of Congress
possess the statesmanship to grasp its
possibilities, points the way to an op-
portunity to put America head and
shoulders above other countries, agri-
culturally, now and forever. This
proviso sets aside $40,000 to be used
in agricultural exploration in foreign
lands and the procurement and test in
this country of "rare and valuable
seeds, bulbs, trees, shrubs, vines, cut-
tings and plants with reference to
their introduction into this country."
With a similar pittance during the
last two or three years the explorers
of the Department have brought into
the United States new and improved
species and varieties' which are cer-
tain to bring us millions of dollars
annually. Macaroni wheat is a single
instance. This can be grown over a
belt of millions of acres, too dry for
producing ordinary wheat.

Two hundred and ninety thousand
dollars! An annual sum sufficient to
equip the present little section of
Plant Introduction of the Department
with machinery which would reach
every corner of the globe and search
out every growing thing which might
be raised in this country and test it
thoroughly for a series of years in
every section where it would be likely
to thrive. Then, as such introduction
were found to be useful they could be
distributed in sufficient quantities
among farmers, through the campaign-
ing Congressmen, if you will, so as
to be of some real benefit to the farm-
er and to the nation. Most certain it
is too that the distribution of such
things of real value would assist the
re-election of statesmen much more
than the distribution of the seeds
which, as a matter of fact, will result
from this appropriation.

The Bureau of Animal Industry gets
$1 287,680, of the agricultural appro-
priation bill. An interesting proviso
of this section of the bill is the in-
spection by tbe Department of butter,
cheese and other dairy products in-
tended for exportation to any foreign
country after the methods employed
in meat shipments. The Bureau is to
ascertain the "purity and quality of

TREES! TREES!!

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees.

Apples, Pears, Peache*,
Cherries, Plums, Grape
Vines. Raspberries, Etc.

Save agent's commission by send-
ing your orders to the nursery.
CATALOQUE FREE.
All Stock Inspected and Fumigated.

WERTZ'S NURSERY, Salem. Va.

Peach and Apple Trees,

BONAVISTA NURSERIES. Greenwood, Va.

We offer a line lot of choice trees for
Fall and Spring planting

Our apple trees are the best— WineSap,
Mammoth Black Twig, York Imperial
and Albemarle Pippin, all perfect and
well grown trees.

Our peach trees are the standard sorts,
Stump, Elberta, Bilyeu's (Comet,) Won-
derful, Champion, Globe, Picquet'sLate,
Albright's Winter, Crawford E. &L.,etc.

We send out none but good trees and
have never had a complaint made by any
purchaser of our stock. Order soon, es-
pecially Peaches, as good trees will be
very scarce this season.

CHAS. F HACKETT, Manager.

ALFALFA

If you expect to sow Alfalfa, why not start
right, by Inoculating your soil with tbe Bacteria
of Alfalfa, the presence of which, we are told by
the scientists is necesiary for the proper vitality
of this, the most valuable forage plant.

2 bushel bags, $1.00 F O. B. Ewell's, Tenn.
from a plot showing nodules in great abundance.
Address QEO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Mill, Tenn.

CJ/in FOR LARGEST
9**tU WATERMELONS

\fter*i years of exi»-t iinentingand testinirall notable

var,,.ii,>,.i«;,t.iiiitKiii».«ei.owr^ommei,d.esi«.iiaUy,

.i ■• roi i, .in uieand ••t.*mu" for both

hoine-uel market. We think tlies :ire the l*st obtainable.

",.»„.. ;, pipe, in * !>•> -H... papers. The purehaMr

.-, ol either variety will post.

.,: .'.venue tenth el our tTO(t Bales of seeds of that

, „,„i„„i Wrap your s.Uer in a little paper,
and v me your name and P.O. Address plainly.
LEE SEED CO., Burnt Corn, Ala.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

199

TONS

CLOVER

To the Acre.

42

■ ■— ■ Nile Valley.

Imported by us into the United States for the
first time. Ready to cut 48 days after sow-
ing. First cutting 14 tons, second cutting 15
tons, third, 13 tons of green forage per acre,
all in one season. The Dept. of Agriculture
at Washington publishes a special bulletin
endorsing it. The supply of seed is limited.
Write at once if interested. Price per lb,
by mail 40c; 10 lbs. g-2.75; 100 lbs. $25.00.

LARGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOG

describing this wonderful Clover and a thou-
sand other things of great value to the
Farmer or Gardener, mailed free. Write now.

New Strawberries.

MARK HANNA, The most wonderful berry
In cultivation- 1,000 bushels per acre.

THOMPSON'S No. 2, largest firm fancy ber-
ry, and

THOMPSON'* No: 3, a seedling of Lady,
handsomer and firmer than parent. No one will
grow Lady who can get No 3.

150 Varieties, including Thompson's Earliest

Ripe here April 19th the last season. If you
want the earliest plant them, Thompson's No.
3, a seedling of Lady. But superior in every
way, beautiful color, immensely productive,
firmer, best shipper ever put on the market,
Thompson's new berries are acknowledged
to lead all others.

Cabbage Plants, Tomato, 5,000 Hardy
Monthly Rose, California Privet Dahlias,
Chrysanthemums. Send for my spring cata-
logue. MARK T. THOMPSON, Rio Vista,
Va.

We offer all kinds of :

..Nursery stock.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS at re-
duced prices; 1 doz. rooted GRAPH
VINES of CONCORD, NIAGARA,
WARDEN, etc., at $1; all healthy stock
and fumigated hefore shipped; grown
on ideal land for fine roots and smooth
bodies.

Send for Special Price to Planters.

EMPORIA NURSERIES

EHPORIA, VA.

No. 1 Agents wanted. We refer to
any business house here as to our hon-
esty.

Strawberry Plants,

All grown in fresh rich ground, healthy,
well-rooted plants that will please you;
over 30 kinds to offer Raspberry plants
and Peach trees also; see us before you
buy. Our stock has been thoroughly in-
spected and found free from an v disease.
Address JOHN LIGHTFOOT,

Sherman Heights Tenn.

Strawberries p*

300 Choice Plants, Ex-
press Prepaid for $ 1 .60.

100 each of early, medium and
late. None stronger or better.
Offer good to any express office in
U- S. It pays to get the best. Beauti-
ful Strawberry Catalogue Free*

W. F. Allen, Salisbury, Md.

such dairy products, and may cause
the same to be so marked, stamped
or labelled as to secure their identity
and make known in the markets of
| foreign countries to which they may
be sent, their purity, quality and
grade."

The Secretary of Agriculture is al-
lowed $15,000 to improve and continue
the Arlington experimental farm,
which in many ways is to be the
This tract of about 400 acres or gov-
ernment land, a part of the old Rob
model experiment farm in the country,
ert E Lee estate, is well situated for
a farm and allows the scientists of the
Department at Washington who are
likewise practical agriculturists, an
excellent opportunity for carrying out
tests and experiments.

The agricultural bill carries $10,000
"te enable the Secretary of Agricul-
ture to investigate and report on the
cost of "making" tea and the best
method of cultivating and preparing
the same for market, so as to demon-
-*rate whether it is practicable to in-
ii...iuce its culture in the Southern
States as a profitable industry."
Judging from the wording of this sec-
tion of the bill the Department is like-
ly to be reauired to establish tea sa-
loons where the practical cost "of
making tea" may be demonstrated,
unless "making" tea can be construed
into growing that article, which is no
doubt the intention of the appropria-
tion.

No work of the Department of Ag-
riculture has increaased with greater
rapidity than forestry. From an in-
significant appropriation of $30 000. a*
I remember, six or seven years ago
the present agricultural bill appropri-
ates $400,000 for its Forestry Bureau.
Not only this but a special bill will
doubtless pass Congress transferring
the sixtv odd million acres of forest
reserves to this bureau.

The agricultural bill specifically au-
thorizes the Chemist of the Depart-
ment to inspect importations of goods
which may be adulterated and danger
ous to health, the Secretary of th<
Treasury furnishing samples from
original packages of such importations
for inspection and analysis. Broad
authority is given the two depart-
ments to restrict and refuse the ad-
mission of deleterious foods, or those
falsely or incompletely labelled.

Anthrax spores are very tenacious
of life and will remain dormant for
years; in certain cases on record soil
has remained infected for twelve
years. The spores are also readily
transmitted and one instance is known
where the disease was carried some
distance on the boots and clothing of
a person who had been aiding in a
post mortem examination. Hides and
wool are probably the most important
factor in the spread of the disease.
Nearly all the domestic animals are
subject to it — horses, mules, cattle,
swine, goats, cats, dogs and

_ THE NEW STRAWBERRY

hBRMH that I introduced laat season has
^SSHH again proved a wonder belt
^Ml&BpT cropper, best seller of them all.
^f- ' it) other kinds to offer; healthy,
heavy rooted: true to name. My plant*
please all that plant them. They grow large
crops of fine berries, and price low. Th»
best hand fertilizer sower ever used. Ply-
mouth Rock eggs. etc. Write to-day for free
catalogue. J. W. HALL, Marlon Sta., Md.

SAFONI c§rE

A beautiful white variety and a wonderful
yielder : 2 to 4 large ears to a stalk ; don t fail
to try it.

HIGH ORADE RED POLL and Aberdeen-
Angus Cattle, both sexes.— Address,
LOUIS B. Q1LLILAND, Jr., Clarksvllle, Va.

Seed Corn! Seed Corn!

BIG SHIVERY.
One of the best field varieties In cultiva-
tion. Large, long grains and very small
cob Pure white and makes the best bread
meal of any corn grown. An immense
yielder on good land. One trial will con-
vince any one of the merits of this popular
variety Price, 35c. peck: 60c. half bushel;
$1 per bushel. H. J. CONRAD. Thomaa-
ville, N. C. _____

PEDIGREED SEED CORN.

Three varieties pure white corn.
Huffman, large, late, for fertile soils
only Improved Watson, medium, for
medium soils. Hickory King, espe-
cially adapted for cultivation on thin
uplands. Price, $120 per bush., f. o. b.
Normandy. PROGRESS FARM,

Box 52. Normandy, Tenn.

-FOR SALE'

Selected Pride of York Seed Corn,

It grows well, matures early, weighs
well, makes lots of good fodder.
J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesvllle, W. Va.

SEED CORN FOR SALE.

I have a nice lot of Hickory King Seed
Cera for sale. Large deep gralna. The corn
for thin lands and droughty weather 90c
per bushel here, sacks extra. C. S. TOWN-
LEY, Red Hill. Va.

AGENT - WANTED

Good man in every county to tell

Osgood Standard Scales

for store, factory and Farm.

most complete line made 1903-4 Patterns
"eel Lev"? Lock Scales are beauties. Prefer
man experienced in selling machinery and
implements Fine catalogue. No ••""'e':
Can be handled nicely as side line L beral
contract. Exclusive agency Have you that
man in mind. Show him this paper He can
make money. We want blmnow AO( quick
Osgood Scale Co., 137 Central St.. Binohsmton
H. Y. Largest makers of Farm Scales In this

FOR SALE.

A Dederick Steel Belt Hay Press,

In good order. Will sell at $150—
a bargain for cash.

J. M. STEGER, Hatton, Va.

200

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

[March,

FARMS FOR SALE!

No. 27.

Seventy-five acres of fine Blue Grass
Land, in Rockbridge county, Va., sit-
uated one and a half miles from B. &
O. R. R. station, near Lexingrton, Va.,
in a progressive and refined neighbor-
hood. Twenty-five acresisseeded to
wheat and grass, and the balance is in
grass; 2 acres in. orchard consisting
of apples, pears and peaches, age of
trees 2 to 15 years old, all selected
fruit. This farm is rolling and all the
land faces the south and east. Beauti-
ful large spring in a few yards of the
house, also good cistern. One-half
acre in strawberries. The improve-
ments consist of a 9-room, 2-story
brick house, a large barn, 55x70, with
all other necessary outbuilding, all in
excellent repair. The land is smooth
and rich and well fenced. There is
23 ewes and over 30 lambs on this
farm and if the farm is sold before
March 24th the sheep and lambs and
wheat crop with the farm can be
bought for $2,500 — one-half cash, bal-
ance on five years time. If not sold
before the 24th the farm and per-
sonal property will be sold at public
■ale on the 24th of March. Write quick
for further information and a more
detailed description.

No. 17.

80 acres— 15 acres in hardwood, bal-
ance in grass, except 20 acres for corn.
Front* on pike; 5 miles from railroad
station. Watered by large branch.
All In good state of cultivation. No
buildings. Price $18.00 per acre. Easy
terms.

No. 5.

Contains 163 acres; one-half under
cultivation; balance In second-growth
Umber. Good seven-room dwelling and
necessary outbuildings; good orchard
In fine fruit section. Farm lies near
Southern railroad, twenty miles from
Washington; well watered; a Bplendii
dairy farm. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.

130 acres — 20 acres hardwood, bal-
ance in good state of imprevement, and
a splendid quality of red clay subsoil;
BO acres in wheat and timothy; 20
acres in meadow, balance is new land,
and will be for corn next spring. Situ-
ated in excellent neighborhood of re-
fined people. Twenty-two miles from
Washington, 5 miles from Herndon
Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort-
able 4-room doom aad all buildine
Farm watered by large branches.
Price, $20.00 per acre. Terms, to suit
purchaser.

I have a number of other good farms
for sale, both large and small. Writp
for description and state just what you
want, and will be glad to serve you.

W. E. MILLER, Herndon, Va.

even man. Sheep are believed to be
the most susceptible.

Another good roads bill has been in-
troduced by Representative Aiken, of
South Carolina, which in common
with most of the other good roads
measures creates a Bureau of Public
Highways and appropriates $24,000,000
of Uncle Sam's hard earned cash.

Senator Teller, of Colorado, has in-
troduced a bill of importance to the
West authorizing the Secretary of Ag-
riculture to conduct and carry on a
series of experiments, in conjunction
with the experiment stations, in the
non-corn growing States and Territo-
ries, in the breeding, rearing and fin-
ishing of live stock for market; in the
introduceion and development of
breeds of horses, cattle, sheep and
swine, suitable for such regions and
conditions, and also in the introduc-
tion and cultivation of crops and for-
age plants, other than Indian corn
which may prove of value to those
States. The bill appropriates $50,000
for the coming fiscal year and $50,000
each for the four succeeding fiscal
years. The money received by the de-
partment from the sale of stock
raised is to be used over again in con-
tinued experiments.

A good practice with fowls seems to
be to throw them, early in the morn-
ing, a few handsfull of small grain,
or cracked wheat, or cracked corn
among a large amount of trash. After
they have searched and exercised dili-
gently for a half hour they will be In
fine form for breakfast, to get which,
however, should require some exer-
cise.

It is always a good idea to make a
small bed and sow a dozen short rows
of onion seed for growing "sets" for
next year. The largest of these sets
will make fine little pickling onions.
Sets sell at 20 to 25 cents a quart and
it is more of a pleasure than a trouble
to raise a neck of them from such a
little bed as above noted.

The exports of bread Uiffs since the
beginning of the fiscal year July 1, are
much the lowest of any seven months
period during the last six years, being
only $103,000,000, against $129,000,000
a year ago and $168,000,000 for the
corresponding seven months of 1899.
The exports for January were $13,-
000,000 against $19,000,000 January a
year ago and against $16,000,000 in De-
cember, 1903.

Exports of cattle, hogs and sheep
have been large during January, being
$4,055,000, being the only $4,000,000
mark reached in any month during
the last four years. The exports for
the fiscal year, thus far, have been
$23,000,000 against $14,000,000 for
1903 and $19,000,000 for 1902.

Exports of cotton for December
and January, so far as value is con-
cerned, have been record breakers as
compared with those months of others
years. December exports were $72,-
000,000 and January $46,000,000

You get full face
value, every time
you buy Williams'
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for z-cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet "How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

• •*-• VIRGINIA FARMS ••*■•

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good house
and orchard, $500 .On. Blue Orass, Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
Louisa, Ta.

VIRGINIA FARMS

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.
■AST PAYMENTS. CATALOQUB FRII.

GEO. E, CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va.

Established 18T5.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

All price* aad sizes. Fres list on application.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond. Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; Health Tor all: Happiness and
Independence Tor all. All sizes of Farms at
corresponding prices, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

CINC rjADMC ln the great fruit grain and
PllL lAnlTIO stock section of VIRGINIA.
Best climate and water In the U. S. Near great
markets, with best educational adrantages.
For further Information, address

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville. Va.

/ Can Sell Your Farm.;..

If located la one of these Virginia counties:
Prince Oeorge, Chesterfield, King William,
Qloaeester, New Kent. King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.

.♦To Homeseekers~

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING

IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. Wa>
will gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt.,
O. P. A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

INCUBATORS ■ ON -30 - DAYS ■ TRIAL.

201

A certain and never failing Business Hatcher
Reasonable in price: best in quality, and always
reliable. Thousands of these machines are in
successful operation here at home and abroad.

Our handsome catalogue is free for the asking,
Bend for a copy at once, before you select a ma-
chine and make a mistake. Address Th« Stand-
ard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 23, Rochester, N. Y.

Mention this Journal.

enuine (jirHtHw PatBnted

INCUBATORS

ARE GUARANTEED

To hatch a larper percentage of fertile eggs.

To produce larger and more vigorous chicks,

To operate with less oil and expense,

To require no supplied moisture.

To be self- ventilating, flator.

To have a more sensitive, accurate and durable regu-

To maintain a m ore even temperature.

To be more strictly automatic in action and

To give better results in your hands than any other

tdopUd bj 36 Govern-

STRICTLY
AUTOMATIC

iriRousnoirr

Cyphers Incubator Co., Buffalo. Chicago, Haw York. Boston.

s tola paper.

IT IS A FAGI

that poultry pays a larger prom
for the money invested than any
other business; that anybody may
make a success of it without long
»»,.»»>.» w» 11 i.? -training or previous experience:
ttatthe Reliable Ij.eubat.i-. slut Brooder, will give
tie bestresultsiaon eases. OuraothCVntary Poultry
Boot tells just why. and a hundred other things you
Should know. We mail the book for 10 cents. Write
t<M]aT. We have lizards of t:,.,rou.-hbrvd poultry.

lELUBlE mCUBATOB & BROODER CO., Eoi B-11 Qulncy. III.

BVILT TO LAST

Never outclassed-8ure natch
Incubator.. Built better than
your house. No hot centers: no
chilling draughts on sensitive
eggs. Every cubic inch in egg
chamber at uniform, blood tern-
peratureof fowl, H'saeontinual
pleasure to hatch nearly everv
fertile egg with a Sure Hatch."

"y Ce"'er' 1>cb- IndlanapolWIad.

VICTOR BOOK

nachlne Is preierred

.about artificial in-

There's pointers that may

dollars to you. Wepay freight.

■~ree goods as described or

■ ~} back. The book is free.

Write for it to-day. Postal will do.

GEO. ERTEL CO., Quincy, Hi.

, SPECIAL OFFER Sftl.™*™

We tritl Srll a Hundred and Ten Egg '

MICHICANDER

Hot Water Incubator only SIO

•ad allow you to try it for 30 Daja Free.Tried
bo perfect. Get a Catalog Free.
ABrXlCO. Dept. PP. KtLABAZOO. WWB.

SURE GUARANTEED CURE FOR ORAN-
uleted Eyea. My remedy wUl make weak
eyee strong. Write for particulars. Address
L. A. MILLS, Emporia, Kansas

against $46,000,000 for December and
$39,000,000 for January a year ago and
$43,000,000 for December and $40,000,-
000 for January two years ago. The
total exports of cotton since July 1,
1903, seven months, were $275,000,000
against $206,000,000 in the correspond-
ing seven months of both 1903 and
1902, against $215,000,000 in 1901 and
only $133,000,000 in 1900.

Gut E. Mitchell.

NEW UNIVERSAL GARDEN TOOLS.

By way of calling attention to the
euxcellent liDe of hand garden tools
manufactured by our advertising pa-
tron, the Ames Plow Company, of
Boston, we are producing herewith a
cut of their Matthews' New Universal

Sped Drill. The Seeder drops so the
operator can see the seed in the
ground before the action of covering
and rolling attachments. The Garden
Drill might be termed the ui.it of the
famous Matthews group of all purpose
tools. The plow for furrowing and
ridging is one of them. The wide and
narrow tooth cultivator is still an-
other, followed by the hoe for weed
cutting and top soil stirring, and rake
for pulverizing and smoothing. The
Seeder may be purchased alone, or for
a small amount a combination tool,
combining all the above in one may be
had. Wheel Hoes are made for both
straddle row and between row culti-
vation. Whatever the special need of
the gardener, it is admirably met by
one or another of the tools in this line.
The Ames Company catalogue illus-
trates and describes each in detail.
The company is a good one to look to
for anything in the line of plow, har-
rows, cultivators, corn planters, hay
tedders and a long line of other up-to-
date implements and machinery.

Some fools and their money are parted
only at death.

"How did I look when you proposed
to me?"

"You looked as though you were
taking your first ride in an automo-
bile."

"You are in my pew, sir," said Mr.
Upjohn, stiffly.

"Then I am s'lting in the seat of
the scornful!" replied the stranger,
getting out of it with alacrity and tak-
ing a seat further back in the church.

EA5Y MONEY

--«, « ...... ,-ui.i. gue tree. Monti

ten p»per.-lIowl.ere Ineubat.
Co., Itoi 4!t. Kcwtun. Iowa.

BUILD YOUR OWN INCUBATOR

ve More Thau Halt;

»k of Plans instructs fully

Tank. Lamp, Regulator,

QUARTZ and MICA grinding mill for
sale on railroad; list of 500 custom-
ers. Close to millions of tons of
quartz, feldspar and mica section.
G. G. TEMPLE, Danville, Va.

A FARMER. . .

WANTED TO WORK ON SHARES, all
team and tools furnished: a good thing for
the right party (two men, or a man with
boys would suit better), good land and plenty
of It. Address "J," care Postmaster, Green
Bay, Va.

WANTED TO SELL

proved land Powhatan Co., Virginia. Particulars
from M. M. PRESCOTT, Elizabeth, Penn.

OR EXCHANGE

180 acres im-

I HAVE A LARGH LIST OF

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS

Tea, Fifty and One Hundred Acre* each, with

lead bulldlnga, close to steam and trolley

lines, easy access to the city. Also,

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS

From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices— all the

way from Si to ,60 per acre. Write for

Catalogue.

succeed by i
ntlon. I.ten
rliculuro FREE. Write to-

STLLUH T. BROWN, I M BrJwa Law B™d*s7u?ca.ter, Pa.

HOMESf,NNDDTTnEE1«PLACETO

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming:, for th e money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company offer superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 3b page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, VJnlta, V*.

C &0 Main St. Depot, Richmond, Ta.

Mention The Southebn Plants*
when corresponding with advertisers.

202

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

MOOKEWOOD POULTRY FARM,
Wiseville, Chesterfield Co., Virginia

Highest Grade B. P. ROCKS. W. WYAN-
nnTTES S. C. BLACK MINORCA--.
Breedlng'and Exhibition Stock and E«. for
«ale at all times. Prices reasonable. Write
E day for our LARGE ILLUSTRATED CAT-
ALOGUE and POULTRY GUIDE, Inclosing
two-cent stamp.

TEN OF THEM FIRSTS. No better utility
stock can be had. ___

E. F. SOMMERS, - Somerset, Va.

Breeder of the finest line bred

Barred Plymouth Rocks

exclusively for 14 years. Write to me for
what you want. Am sure can please you.
My birds have been bred for laying qualltie.
a. well as shape and plumage. Cockerels, $1
to $2; eggs. $1 per set of 15: 2 sets, $1.50,
M. B. Turkey eggs, $3 per dozen.

EGGS {rom Fine Fowls-

Barred. Buff and White Plymouth Rocks; Sll-
v.r White, Buff and Partridge Wyandottes;
B,.ck Minorca.; Black L-ng.h.ns ; Light
Brahmas; Buff and Partridge Cochins; White
and Brown Leghorns.

*•+♦ 15 FOR $100 ♦♦♦♦
except the Wyandottes w ch are $-.00 for 15

No stock except a few B. P. Rocks and Light
Brahmai. C. J. WARINER, Mgr.. Ruffln, N. C.
Oakland Poultry Farm.

THE PRINCE HAD A BUSINESS
MIND.
The late Queen Victoria seems to
have exercised a suzerainty over the
pocket money ot her grand children.
She held them tr. a strict account ing
in the matter of expenditure, and if
they did not make their allowances
last over a SDecified period, she stern-
ly called them to account. One week
when the present Prince of Wales was
at Eion, candy, tarts, and other school-
boy delights, proved his financial un-
doing He had spent a month's allow-
ance in one week. With impecunios-
ity and indigestion came repentance.
Accordingly he wrote a long mea
cu'pa to his grandmother, confessing
his fault, and asking for an advance
on account of the next instalment of
pocket money. In reply he received
a long letter of admonition from the
cueen, refusing his request. The Ut-
ter closed with a sentence in wmch
the writer expressed the pain that it
gave her in having so to write to him.
A few days later. Her Majesty re-
ceived another letter from the future
heir to the British throne. It ran
much like this:

"Dear Grandmother:— Yours re-
ceived. Please don't bother any more
about me. I'm all right now. I sold
your letter for thirty shillings to one
of our fellows here, who is collecting
the letters of notable people."— Joel
Coates, in Success.

HOLLYBROOK FARM.

..egos™ sitting..

From Pure-bred Poultry.

In our poultry yards we have the following
thoroughbred poultry, all first-class stock
originally started from the best st ock I. thi.
country, and carefully cross-mated so a. to
give strong and vigorous stock and thljje^
laying strains of the different breeds that it
's possible to obtain:

BARRED P. ROCKS. $1.00 P«r sitting.

LIGHT BRAHMAS. $2.00 per sitting.

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE. Price,

$1WHITES WYANDOTTE, $1.50 per sitting.

In addition to careful breeding we pay
« %7"Z 'aVto rsur'e^go^ KM
"we* Eve r^for Bale .few first-class
young cockerels of BARRED PLYMOUTH
ROCKS SILVER LACED aand WHITE WY-
ANDOTTE. Price, $1.60 and $2 each, crated
for shipment.

HENRY W. WOOD, Richmond, Va.

P. O. Box 330. Hollybrook Farm.

SILVER-LACED

WYANDOTTES.

Eg« For Hatching.
M Wjper 15 from strong and
healthy birds of leading
strains. A few choice pullet,
at $1 eaeh. Pure-bred Poland
China Pig. at $5.00 each.

Dr. H. H LEE.
R. F. D. 2. Lexington, Va.

EGGS!

Barred Plymouth Rocks

ONE DOLLAR FOR 15.

Prompt attention.
MRS. JNO. F. PAYNE,
University Station, Charlottesville, Va.
CLAIRMONT DAIRY FARM.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

: EXCLUSIVELY :

Strong, healthy, vigorous, farm-raised
stock, bred for laying eggs.
75 CENTS PER SITTING.
W«L B. LEWIS, Irty, Nottoway Co., Va.

RAISE WATERMELONS SUCCESS-
FULLY.
Doubtless many of the readers of the
Southern Planter have had unsatis-
factory experiences in the growing or
watermelons. An old and very suc-
cessful grower has kindly furnished
some points of practical value on the
cultivation of this luscious fruit. He
advises that the best results are ob-
tained with a rich, fresh, sandy soil,
using well-rotted horse stable manure
and wood ashes liberally. Plow deep-
ly and pulverize soil finely. Do not
cultivate while the dew is on, nor just
after a rain. Cultivate rapidly and
shallow, especially near the plants
until the melons begin to set He has
had the greatest success with and ad-
vises the Planting of "Tendersweet
and "Emerald" seed— the first-named
variety for family use. the latter for
market. This seed may be obtained
from Lee Seed Co.. Burnt Corn, Ala
at 10c per package, and the company
makes a bona fide offer of one-tenth
their gross seed sales to the growers
of the largest melon of either variety.
Order seeds early and ask for full par-
ticulars regarding this prize offer.

A little bird sat on a telegraph wire
And said to his mates, "I declare

If wireless telegraphy comes into
vogue, „

We'll all have to sit on the air.

BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS.
POLAND-CHINA PIGS.

Book your orders early for eggs from our
solid Buff Orpingtons. Orders can only be
filled in turn. Sold out on cockerels long
ago, and no stock till fall. EgKS. $1 per 16.
Orpingtons only. Poland China pigs, $7 for
pair; $3.75 for one.

OCCOINEECHEE FARM,
Mecklenburg Co. JBPFRESS, VA.

Barred Plymouth Rocks
For Sale.

Farm raised Poultry, tine, healthy; both
sexes.

Eggs $1.00 per setting of 15.

M. E. ANDREWS, Hurt, Va.

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYAN-
DOTTES. NICE BIRDS AND FINE
LAYERS.
All letters and ORDERS WILL RECEIVE
OUR personal and PROMPT ATTENTION.
GRANITE POULTRY YARDS. R. P. D. No.
3, Salisbury. N. C. _____

YOU CAN WAKE - SS_TpfS ip A .B££

4_S<r_%St\ <, f ""pa^FREE EYE BOOK

.JSftt^Sl leilVio^f Write for .1 today.
JACKSONIAM OPTICAL COLLEGE, Dept. 2098.
Jackson, Mich.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

203

LEGHORN POULTRY FARM

Has for sale a limited number of S. C.
BROWN and S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
Pullets and Roosters. Best layers known.
Prize Winning Stock. Price, $1.00, $1.50 each.
Eggs In season at $1.00 for 16; $2.60 for 60;
16.00 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Address A. T. MATTHEWS. Box 36, Parksley, Vi

.. Eggs for Sitting. ..

When you want eggs for your Incubator 8r
bens, why not give me a trial and get as good
u the best at cut-throat prices. BARRED P.
SOCKS, WHITE WYANDOTTES, LIGHT
BRAHMAS, WHITE and BUFF ORPING-
TONS. A number of Cockerels for sale.

BRUSHY HILL POULTRY YARDS,
O. E. SHOOK, Prop. New Sterling, N. C.

Farm=Raised Poultry.

Two distinct flocks ©f Mammoth Bronze Tur-
keys from which we make matlngs for breeding
purposes at reasonable prices. Eggs in season.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

BIRDS AND EGGS.
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, Tenn

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

These cocks won 90 per cent, of battles
fought In 1902 and 1903, and have never lost
a battle when gameness and cutting quali-
ties could win. Eggs 52 per 16; stock for sale.
THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of 15.
Light Brahmas, Black Mlnorcas,
S. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W.
Rocks, Brown Leghorns S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C.

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON, Ma-
nassas, Va. Clovek Hill Fabm.

Mention The Southern Planter
when corresponding with advertisers.

WHY THEY ARE POOR.

Their ideas are larger than their
purses.

They think the world owes them a
living.

They do not keep account of their
expenditures.

They are easy dupes of schemers
and promoters.

They reverse the maxim — "Duty
before pleasure."

They have too many and too expen-
sive amusements.

They do not think it worth while to
save nickels and dimes.

They have risked a competence in
trying* to get rich quickly.

They allow friends to impose upon
their good nature and generosity.

They try to do what others expect of
them, not what they can afford.

The parents are economical, but the
children have extravagant ideas.

They do not do to-day what they can
possibly put off until to-morrow.

They do not think it worth while to
put contracts or agreements in writ-
ing.

They prefer to incur debt rather
than to do work which they consider
beneath them.

They do not dream that little mort-
gages on their homes can ever turn
them out of doors.

They have indorsed their friends'
notes or guaranteed payment just for
accommodation.

They risk all their eggs in one
basket when they are not in a posi-
tion to watch or control it.

They think it will be time enough
to begin to save for a rainy day when
the rainy day comes.

The head of the house is a good
man, but he has not learned to do
business in a businesslike way.

The only thing the daughters ac-
complish is to develop fondness for
smart clothes and expensive jewelry.

They do not realize that one ex-
pensive habit may introduce them to
a whole family of extravagant habits.

They do not know that giving a full
power-of-attorney to an agent or law-
yer puts their property at his mercy.

On a six-hundred-dollar income, they
try to compete in appearance with a
two-thousand-dollar-a-year neighbor.

They subscribe for everything that
comes along — organs, lightning rods,
subscription books, pictures, bric-a-
brac, — anything they can pay for on
the installment plan.

They have not been able to make
much in the business they understand
best, but have thought that they could
make a fortune by investing in some-
thing they know nothing about. — Ori-
son Sweet Harden, in Success.

The trouble with some people is
that they allow themselves to be dis-
couraged by criticism, and the trouble
with others is that they do not.

S. G. White Leghorns

After Improving this
variety for 20 years, ac-
knowledged the leading
Btrain of hiRh-bred, prize
winners in north Virgin-
ia. Large, vigorous and
handsome. Largest
white eggs. The great
winter money makers.
Prices reasonable. Eggs,
breeding pens and a lot
of very handsome se-
lected cockerels for sale.

HUNTER,

Bathwell Farm, Vienna, va.

Barred P. Rock

From Sunnyside winter lay-
ing Kinglet Strain $1.50
for 15.

From good thoroughbred
Barred P. Rocks 75c for
15.
Incubator Eggs Moderate Price.

SPLENDID COCKERELS (Ringlet), $2 60.
If upon receipt of these birds you do not
think they as good as you can get elsewhere
for twice the money we charge, you can re-
turn them and we will refund the purchase
price in full. No C. O. D. SHIPMENTS TO
ANY ONE. SUNNYSIDE POULTRY FARM
Christiansburg, Va. Reference: Bank of
Chrlstiaosburg, Va.

-j*40 VARIETIES*^

BEST POULTRY.

Fine large Poultry Guide, 6c. You
cannot aftord to be without it. Price
List FREE. Write to-day.

JOHN E. HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va.

MY PUREBRED

S. C. Brown Leghorns,

Are the beet layers In the world — lay
at all seasons. Place your orders early
for eggs, 15 for $1.

W. S. GUTHRIE, Childress, Va.

White Holland Turkeys*

I have a few very fine Toms left;
first orders will get them. WHITE
PLYMOUTH ROCK Cockerels— some
nice ones. JOHN A. CLARK, Malvern
Hill, Va.

EGGS FOR SALE.

WHITE HOLLAND Turkey Eggs $2 per lo.

Rosecomb 'White Leghorn Eggs $1.00 per 16;
$2.00 per 40.

White Plymouth Rock Egesjl.50 peris.
Mrs. LIZZIE IYER, Versailles, Tela.

OAKSHADE n. B. Turkeys
and Huguenot W. Wyandottes,

: FOR SALE :

Raised on 400 acre blue grass farm — the
bestl haveevereeen. Eggs from White,
Buffand Partridge W yandottesin season
Address HujTiouot Poultry Yard*,
... Dublin, Va.

204

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[March,

"-•-■-■-'-■-■-■-'-^'-•-'

...FEEDING OUR...

BABY CHICK FOOD

PRODUCES

HEALTHY CHICKS.

SAMPLE FOR THE ASKING.
INCUBATORS, :=: :=:
BROODERS AND

POULTRY SUPPLIES,

ALWAYS IN STOCK.

BIRDS, PET STOCK, GOLD FISH

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER.

CATALOOUE FREE.

Having made a change in manage-
ment we are better than ever, prepared
to make prompt shipment.

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.,
517-519 West Broad St.,

Richmond, Va. U

Kum C for Yosef

Thla may not be pure Turk, but you will find
PURE STOCK AT THE CEDARS POULTRY

AND STOCK FARM
Most fashionable strains JERSEY CATTLE,
DUROC JERSEY AND POLAND CHINA
Swine, B. P. R. Fowls. M. B. Turkeys, Eng-
lish Setters and Beagle Hounds.

Egg season is here; fanciers* stock, farm-
er's prices.

WM. G. OWENS, Midlothian, Va.

EGGS FOR SALE.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TUHKEYS and
BARRED PLYflOUTH ROCKS, are my special-
ties. My flocks of both are derived from "prize
winners" of the best strains in the world.

Puns No. 1. -Turkey eggs per 16, $4.00. Bar-
red Plymouth Rock eggs per 15, $2.00.

Pens No. 2.— Turkey eggs per lis, $3.60. Bar-
red Plymouth Rock eggs per 16. SI .50.

if you wish to secure eggs, file your orders
at once.

PIRDMONT POULTRY PLACF,
Mlaf E. Callle Giles. Prop. Whittle's Depot, Va.

EGGS

From my S. C. Black
Minorcas and S. C.
White Leghornsof the

M^MMi^^^^ very best strains.

These breeds are raised on separate farms, and

have free range. Eggs, $1 00 per 15; $2.00 per 35;

$500 per 100. I guarantee two-thirds hatch, or

replace at half price.

J. MILTON GARNETT, Prop.,
Mitchell's, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCH NG

From WHITE WYANDOTTES, SINGLE
COMB and BROWN LEGHORNS and PEKIN
DUCKS. We breed only layers from layers,
and get layers that commence oeaay and keep
at it. Vigorous stock, fertile eggs. ae4 ;aw-
ful packing Is our way. Eggs, IB for ^U80.
DIXIE POULTRY COMPANY, R. R. No. 4,
Richmond, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rocks

PRIZE WINNERS. THOROUGHBRED.
The matchless F. F. V. strain founded on
Bradley Bros., Thompson and others Ply-
mouth Rocks, are recognized as the beet
general purpose fowl. Improve your stock
by aew blood. Fancy stock for Bhow room.
Large, vigorous birds for farm. Eggs, $1.50
to $3 for 16. Circular free. VIRGINIA HILL
POULTRY FARM, Bristol, Va.-Tenn.

A DEFERRED RESTITUTION.
A pig belonging to a widow named
Murphy mysteriously vanished one
night, and Pat Hennessy, a ne'er-do-
well was suspected of having had
something to do with its disappear-
ance. He denied all knowledge of Hie
pig, however, and as there was no evi-
dence against him he was allowed To
go free; hut at Mrs. Murphy's insti-
gation the priest went to see him.

"Pat," said the priest, "if you've no
fear of the law in this world, at least
give a thought to the hereafter. When
you're before the Judgment Seat,
what are you going to say about that
pig?"

"Shure, I dunno," replied Pat. "Will
they be after askin' about th' pig in
Pu-gatory, yer Riverince?"

"They will," said the priest.

"Will Mrs. Murphy be then, yor
Riverince?"

"Yes Pat."

"An' th' pig?"

"Yes, Pat"

"Shure, I'll wait an' give it to her
thin, yer Riverince." — February Wo-
man's Home Companion.

THE IRISHMAN HAD HIS DOUBTS.

As is well known. Rev. Robert Coll-
yer, of New York city, was a black-
smith in Germantown, Pa., before he
became a preacher. Once, when theie
was little work at hand, he asked a
builder in his neighborhood for some-
thing to do. The latter replied that
all he could give him would be a job
cariying a hod.

"I'm your man," replied the black-
smith promptly.

Years afterwards, while an impos-
ing edifice was being erected in Cni-
cago for Dr. Collyer, he was standing
among the beams, watching the pro-
gress of the work, when an Irishtna/i
came along with a hod of bricks. Dr.
Collyer snoke to him and he paused.

"This is har'-rd work, soir." said
the Irismman.

"1 know that well." answered Dr.
Collyer; "in my day, I've carried the
hod myself."

"The Irisman stared at me an in-
stant,' said Dr. Collyer, in relating
the incident, "and went on his way
mumbling something that sounded
like, 'I wouldn't 'a' belaved th' parson
was such a liar." " — From Success.

A YOUNG BUSINESS MAN.

The Cohenstein family, loudly weep-
ing, were gathered around the grave.
As the coffin containing all the earth-
ly remains of husband and father was
being slowly lowered into Its last rest-
ing-place, little Ikey spoke up.

"Ach," he said, "papa owed me a
nickel."

The weeping Mrs. Cohenstein dried
her tears, and, gazing proudly at the
mourners the while she patted Ikey
on the head, she said, —

"Ain't he the business man?" — Feb-
ruary Llpplncott's.

race, <

National Egg Carrier Co.

8CHANTON, PA

LIVE AGENTS WANTED.

Do You Want Layers?

If you do, get your eggs for hatching from our
Utility Strain of

Barred Plymouth Rocks

$1.00 for 15.
D. N. McLEAN, Maxton, N. C.

FOR SALE

At Coggins Point Farm, 25 P. B. PLYMOUTH
ROCK COCKERELS of Biltmore strain. En-
tire stock purchased last spring from Bilt-
more of prize winners. Price, $2. Address,
DAVID DUNLOP, Westover, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS.

Eggs for hatching from splendid layers, SI
per setting. Pens mated for best results. A
few White P. Rock Cockerels at $1 each.

R. W. HAW, Jr., Centralis, Va.

BUFF LEGHORNS

and Fancy Stock, progeny of New York win-
ners for ten generations. Hens last year
averaged 220 eggs. Excellent utility birds.
Eggs, {2 per 15. Order now to avoid disap-
pointment. A. R. VENABLE, JR.. Box 147.
Mllnwood Dairy Farm and Poultry Yards,
Farmvllle, Va.

EQQ5 FOR HATCHING

From fineBt strains in America. White Wyan-
dottes. Barred Plymouth Rocks, (1.00 per 13.

PENN LAIRD POULTRY CO., - Penn Laird, Va.

S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS.

Fine Cockerels, Wyckofi strain, $1 50.
Fine Cockerels from Biltmore prize
birds, $2.00. Write for prices on pens,
choice matings. Eggs per sitting, $1.00.
Mrs. J. W. WALTERS, Chrlstlansburg, Va,

Pure-Bred Eags

for Hatching. BARRED PLYMOUTH

ROCKS. S. C BROWN and S. C. WHITE)
LEGHORNS, BLACK LANGSHANS. $1 for
IB; 35 for 100. 4O0 hens. PARK POULTRY
YARDS, Harrisonburg, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

and BLACK MINORCA eggs for sitting at
75c. for 15 eggs; J1.25 for 30; and J.I 60 tor 104.
Apply to Mrs. N. T. GARTH, Elllsville, Va.,
Louisa county.

INCUBATOR ORPHANS e^MOTn^^

New Idea Brooders

I ofhealtlj oLkka. CorapUtt ftaturw tost only $ a ,r
You m*.i« woodwork tvnd b»t« bMry fralghl. T.k)
Ftm CaUlofu* toll, all abcsttiia** * N«w Idea lao'bUs
CiUR?.0\ SNOW A COfllMJ.!, BOX i t>b 4JLLIL., 1AJJLA01&.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

205

AURUS

FOR SALE.

Black horse, foaled 1S95, by Eolus (sire of
Eole, St. Saviour, Eon, Morello, Russell
Diablo, Eurus, Eolian, Elkwood, Knight of
Ellerslie. etc.). Dam Sample by Imp. Rother-
hill (son of Lord Clifden); 2d dam Satilla by
Imp. Huokden (son of Lord Clifden); 3d dam
Matilda, by Imp. Sovereign (son of Emilius);
4th dam Ruby Mare, by Imp. Ruby (son of
Emilius) : 5th dam Peytona, by Imp. Glen-
coe; and so on 18 crosses to a Royal Mare.

Aurus is a large, handsome horse 16 hands
high, weighs 1,250 pounds, with fine bone
and muscle, and a good disposition. Be-
lieved to be sound and a sure foal getter.
Sold for no fault. Peytona was, perhaps the
largest mare ever trained. She won the Pey-
ton stakes, four mile-heats, worth thirty
thousand dollars, four heats— 16 miles. She
afterwards beat Fasbiou four mile heats, who
teat Boston the same distance. Apply to

R. J. HANCOCK & SON., Charlottesville. Va.

FOR SALE

TWO COLTS

by "Whitby," 2:18H, get of "Kittle B.,"
2:24^4.

Bay filly, 15% hands. 4 years old. high
galted, up headed, light mouthed, handsome.
As 2 year old. 3 months from time of first
bitting, trotted Quarter in 40 seconds; at
second time of asking. An "A-l" race pros-
pect.

Chestnut stallion colt, 2 years old
handsomer than his sire, much stouter and
smother made; shows auality all over; bro-
ken last fall. "Nervy," clean gaited, level
headed; will make a race horse, if "here-
dity" counts. The dam of these colts was
the gamest race horse, in 18 years driving, I
ever raced. Won two 7 heat races, two
weeks in succession, and after breaking down
trotted Plmlico track a trial in 2:18. half in
1:08. Price of colts, $500, or would exchange
for a fine team of 3 heavy farm mules. 4 to
7 years old. Both colts are "double gaited"
and the stud will make a fine "saddle horse"
sire, as he goes "all the gaits" in the pad-
dock barefooted, and all the "Whitbys"
have "velvet mouths." Address

T. WM. HEWITT, Weyanoke, Va.

"JAVANAIS"

IMPORTED FRENCH
COACH STALLION.

Will be In the stud at Mr. A. Pollard's
"Dunraven Farm," three miles below Rich-
mond, on New Market Road.

Javanais Is large, handsome, and of idea
carriage conformation, and has proved
himself a sire of carriage horses. Pedigree
on application. Fee, J20.

HORSES BOARDED winter or summer;
horses fitted for market. Colts broken to
harness or saddle. A. POLLARD. R. F. D.
No. 6 Richmond, Va.

FOR SALE,- -My Trotting-bred Stallion

QKORGI BURNS. faaleo May 14, W0. Hi
benny bay, star In face, left bind foot wbita,
•f good style, easy to handle; will nuke good
breeder. Write far hie breeding.
J. TABB JANNBY, V»« CleyeiTllle. W. Va.

EMILY'S CHARGE.
A Serial Tale by Mary Washington.

CHAPTER IX.

But it is now time we were return-
ing to the orphans whim we have
already left too long. Veil it as she
might from the outside world, and
even from her own brother and sister,
Emily had become a changed crea-
ture from the time she had known
Ellis Gordon, and since he had gone
away, though she had busied herself
as actively as ever about her employ-
ments, still the spring seemed to have
gone out of her life which a little time
before seemed to have blossomed with
such brightness and fulness of beau-
ty as she had never known before
The years of her early womanhood had
been so wholly given up to Alice and
Walter, and so filled with exertion and
responsibility that she scarce had
room in her heart or life for the ro-
mance of youth, so different had her
lot been from that of most young girls.
Love did not come to her till late,
when her feelings, though as fresh as
ever, had gained a depth and strength
unknown in early girlhood. She had
had, as all young girls do, vague,
sweet dreams and fancies, about an
ideal hero, a mingling of King Ar-
thur, Sir Galahad, and all other noble
and heroic characters, but never until
now had the person presented him-
self who could raise the slumbering
Princess.

By this time, Alice was eighteen, in
the exquisite bloom of early woman-
hood, though Walter thought (and
some one else agreed with him) that
Emily's ripened loveliness was even
more attractive. Alice, however, was
more striking in appearance. She
was very tall, and her eyes were large
and of a brilliant brown, whilst her
hair was a bright chestnut, and her
complexion of creamy white, with a
delicate rose tinge on her cheeks. In
looking at her, Emily would often re-
peat to herself the lines from Tenny-
son's "May Queen."

"There's Margaret and there's Mary,

there's Kate and Caroline,
But none so fair as little Alice in all
the land, they say."

Alice was not an accomplished
young lady in the ordinary acceptation
of the term, but she was a cultivated
one, and in knowledge of history and
store of general information, would
have borne off the palm from the
common run of school girls, hhe had
also acquired a good knowledge of
French and German from Emily.
Above all. she had grown up to be a
useful woman, helpful and kind to
every one around her, and after all,
this Is the true end of education.

Every one In that community had
become interested In the orphans and
attached to them. The proprietor of
the Springs and his wife who had
taken a great fancy to them, would

^FOR SALE^

A HANDSOME DARK BAY HAI.FBKED HACK

NET MARE. NINE YEARS OLD, IN

FOAL TO "CHERRYWOOD."

She Is a mare of magnificent carriage type,

standing 16 hands high, and sound, with good

action. Has been a winner at Toronto and

Ottawa, Canada, where she won the gold

medal for best mare. Her progeny can be

seen on the farm, which will prove her

ability to produce high class stock. Apply to

MR. A. POLLARD, New Market Road, three

miles below Richmond (R. F. D. 5.). Va.

FOR SALE.

FINE TROTTING STALLION,
WOOLFORD. 25539, by Judge Salisbury,
son of Nutwood; dam Norma Sprague, by
Geo. Sprague. etc. He is young, sound, band-
some and impressive as a sire. Offered solely
for want of use. Address W. V. THRAVES,
Belona, Va.

JACKS AND JENNETS.

FOR SALE. The finest lot of Span-
ish Jack^ and Jennets lhat lever
owned in my '-'0 years' experience.
I defy competition as I o quality and
price. Twemy - five
rtasons why the tar-
I mer should raise rnuleB
[ Call on or address,

BAKER'S JACK FARM.

Lawrence. Ind.

Free telephone connection from Indianapolis.

Knight & Jetton,

Breeders of and Dealers ii

Jacks, Jennets, Stallions.

Durham and Hereford

YEARLINGS.

Send stamp for Catalogue.

Murfreesboro, Tenn.

j3

Jacks, Jennets and Stallions

FOR SALE. Fink Jacks a
Specialty. Wh n writing
state exactly what you want
or come and see our stock.

W. E. KNIGHT & CO.,
Route 5. Nashville, Tens.

SALE OR EXCHANQF.

1 Maltese and 1 Spanish Jack, found aad
sure, for good sheep or heavy stallion. Young
stock preferred. W. S. MOTT, Dlxondale, Va.

Angora = Goats,

In pairs to suit. Buck and Doe Kids
at $15 or $20 per pair. Does in Kid,
$8 to $10. Some extra REG. ANGUS
Bull Calves, low down.

J. R. K. BELL, Pulaski City, Va.

lUPflDt PflATP »re handsome, hardy and
ANUUHA UUA I O profitable For large cir-
cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Clitly. Ky.

GOATS !

Wanted a flock of Rood common breed
goata, not exceeding In number twenty year-
ling females and two bucks. Answer M. E.
L., Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

206

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[March,

WANTED

A second-hand DRILL, one that will plant,
peas, oats, etc. C. F. HODG-MAN. Water-
way, Va.

WANTfcD

to buy (In lots of 25 and up to 200) nice
young Leghorn Pullets— any color. P. J.
HOLMES. Ivor Va.

EGGS ! EGGS !!

Barred Plymouth Rocks, White Wyandotte
and S C. B. Leghorn. M. Bronze Turkeys,
crossed with wild. Book your orders now.
Miss CLARA L. SMITH, Croxton, Caroline
county, Va. ____^___^^_^__—

BARRtD PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

BUFF COCHINS CORNISH INDIAN GAMES
and PEKIN DUCKS. Stock and eggs for
sale. Satisfaction guaranteed. Prices low.
Rev J. W. HECKMAN, Cascade. Va.

COLLIE POPS

By Imported ^ires sable and white and trl
colors. Prices, frx to 815. Older ones correspond
lngly low- Book on Training. 5u cents: I 'Reb ill
you out a Collie. MAPLKMOMT 8TOCK FARM
' ' Albany. Vermont.

WANTED

One or two medium sized horses for country
place in Virginia. Must be young, sound, of
good appearance, broken to saddle, buggy and
light farm work, moderate in price and gen-
tle enough for a lady to handle. Mares pre-
ferred. Address with full particulars Dr.
THOMAS W. KAY, 345 Wyoming Ave., Scran-
ton, Pa.

DAIRY HtRDS
Put in order: men trained to take care of
them. Large experience. Highest references.
Agricultural College graduate, with years of
practical experience in the dairy barn. Ad-
dress, WALTER A. CONANT, Van Tassel
Dairy Farm. Du Bois. Pa.

ORCHARD HILL PURE BRED

Poland Chinas !

A few pigs, brood sows, and boars for sale:
also some S. C. B. LEGHORN Cockerels.
F. M. SMITH, JR., Charlottesville, Va.
R. F. D. No. i.

Hawksley Stock Farm

offers some extra tine

BERKSHIRES.

A top lot ol pigs not akin, ready for April
deliverv,

B P. Kock anil 3. C B. Leghorn eggs at
$1.00 per 15. J. T. OLIVER. Aliens Level, Va.

BERKSHIRE PIGS

Ready for January delivery, sired by
my 18-months-old boar, CAPT. JACK
68623, who now weighs 680 lbs. in only
fair breeding condition. The pigs are
first-class in every respect and I will
ship to responsible parties on ap-
proval. Am now booking orders for
pigs March farrow by Lustre's Carlisle
of Biltmore, 72057, recently purchased
from Biltmore Farms.

WOODSIDE STOCK FARM,

Charlottesville, Va.

hem invitations whenever any-
thing especially pleasant or entertain-
ing was going on. and in this way,
many social pleasures were placed
within their reach, during the season.
As Alice was iust budding into wo-
manhood. Emily thought it right to
accept all suitable invitations for her,
and accordingly they attended this
summer a tournament and a ball given
at the Springs. The former did not
quite come up to the lists at Camelot
or Ashby de la Zouche, still Alice en-
joyed it vastly, and amongst the
throng of fair and elegantly dressed
women present, none was more beau-
tiful than herself, nor more lovely
than Emily. On this occasion, an old
friend came up and accosted them,
Allan Crawford, now at thirty, a far
finer looking and more interesting
man than he had been in his early
youth. The next day he called at the
cottage, and after that, he. came daily.

It soon became evident that Allan
had changed his allegiance, and that
Alice, the little pet and plaything of
former days had become "the rare and
radiant maiden" of his choice. Be-
fore the summer was over, he had of-
fered her his heart and hand, and
during the autumn and winter, he
pressed his suit with such zeal that
before another springtime came round,
Alice had capitulated and Allan was
the blissful fiance of this lovely young
creature.

Emily said it seemed like a proph-
ecy of this event that she had always
had a sisterly feeling for Allan, and
that there was no one in the world to
whom she would be so willing to en-
trust "her dear child" as she called
Alice. Still it was a hard ordeal for
her to give up Alice, and she looked
forward to the marriage with that
mingling of pain and pleasure which
seems to attach itself to all mortal
affairs.

"It reminds me." said she, "of the
Oriental proverb, 'Do not seek thy
fate; thy fate is seeking thee.' When
I brought Alice to these mountain
fastnesses, it seemed as if I were cut-
ting her off from society and from
every worldly advantage, and yet her
fate has sought her in this remote
situation. She is marrying a man up-
right, honorable, intelligent, well edu-
cated, moreover in enjoyment of an
ample comnetence. And the crowning
blessing of her lot is that she loves
him as well as he loves, her. Without
this, all the rest would count for noth-
ing, for 'if a man would give all the
substance of his house for love, it
wiiii Id be utterly contemned.' "

The ensuing few months were very
busy ones at the cottage, Emily and
Alice being diligently at work on the
ii. a task dear to the feminine
heart. Though they did not aim at an
expensive one. they had skilful, taste-
ful fingers which could impart grace
and beauty even to garments of simple
materials.

Berkshire Hogs!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
of "<<ew Era; his sire Rockland Gen-
try, champion of America in 190o; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, Hodel Lee IX,
sire Gov. Lee, champion of America in
1589, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S- C.

BERKSHIRE^

ANNEFIELO HERD

Contains the

Finest Blood Lines

in England and America.

Young Stock for Sale.

Inquiries cheerfully answered.

SPECIAL: A few extra 6-months old pigs,
either sex.

E0W. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms.

Briggs, Clarke Co., Va.

Hfc. A n> rfl> <fc nfc ifc rnfc^^M

ACCOM AC HERD

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

A choice lot of young Boars and
Gilts now ready to ship: 60 nice pigs
for spring shipment; the best English
and American families. All stock
eligible to registry. Write for prices.
ALFRED P. WHITE, JR.,
Parksley, Va.

HOLLYBROOK FARM.

Berkshire Pigs-^*

Are from first-class registered stock, Biltmore
strain; have free range and plenty of running
w:'tcr. and are healthy, vigorous stock. Young
pigs for sale. Write for prices.

HENRY W. WOOD.

Box 330. RICHMOND, VA.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

1904.]

THE SOUTHED PLANTER.

'207

?BERKSHIRES£

% is

5 WE HAVE THE BEST. &

% **

SJ 1ft

? MINIBORYA FARM, I

9| Box 901. RICHHOND, VA. 1ft

^ 1ft

THOROUCiH-BRED. . . .

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Centreville, Md.

C. Whites Fine large

strains. All ages, mated

not a in, a week, pigs.

Bred sows. Service boars

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular.

P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa.

C. PIGS

O.LC.

FROn REO. STOCK.
EOR SALE. PRICES RIOHT.
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va.

Choice Poland Chinas

Of all ages, bred out of old parents of popular
breeding; also BARRED PLY/IOUTH ROCK
EGOS, 15 for SI. 00; 30 for $1.50; 100 for $5 00.
THOMAS R. SMITH,
Lincoln, Loudoun Co., Va.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

BREEDER OF PURE BRED

Short Horn Cattle and
Poland-CHina Hogs.

FOR S *LE: 2 yearling bulls, good ones, ready
for service, sired bv Verbena's Champion No'.
li'.issi; gome younger bulls, sired bv Royal Chief
No.;is.M3'2; also some Fall Poland China 9hoais
of both sexes. Come or write.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION,

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A Are Insurance Association for farmers of

Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1809; amount in-
sured January 9, 1901. $370,000; policies se-
cured by real and personal property, esti-
mated value. $1,000,000. For further informa-
tion address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

Alice had one advantage over
wealthy girls who merely order their
trousseaus, the making of which is
only a matter of dollars and cents be-
tween themselves and their dress-
makers. Every article that Alice did
not make herself was made by Emily,
and thus served as a token and re-
minder of her love. Yet though there
is a vast amount of shoddyism dis-
played in trousseaus, nowadays, still
the principle is right, and is dictated
by a sense cf "the eternal fitness of
things." It is appropriate that we
should clothe ourselves with new and
diverse garments as we enter on new
eras of life. It is suitable that a bride
should have fresh and beautiful cloth-
ing. Every lovely tint und fabric and
ornament seem fitting symbols of the
new era on which sh.j is entering
which, if she truly loves and is ]
worthily beloved, will open to her a '
world of bloom, beauty and happiness \

Cattle, Horses and Sheep

From Blue-Grass. Va.
Boughtnn Commission

We can furnish fne.de Shorthorn, Hereford
and angus steers, from 1 to 3 yeara old. ora

High grade, and pure-bred, heifers and
young bulls at low prices.

Grade ewes and pure bred, rums, of Shron-
breeds. P' HoutMown «'"' Suffbfk

HORSAFSDL^r^AVV-DRAFT a"d "R'V'NG
nuKsti*. Write us your wants.

SHANNON BROS.,

POPLAR HILL. VA., Giles Co.
Telegraph Office and Station,
Dublin, Va.. N. & W. Railroad

GREENFIELD HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle.

Baron

Ida, 20181 (Champion yearling in
firsts. 17 times in 1st prize' herd* 4 flrsfs on
produce of sire and 3 times at head of grand
sweepstakes herd) at head of herd
- I „,T^ te,msl™.in 'his herd are prize winners
far beyond any other tie or phase of ' or ' . lmme<iiate descendants of prize win-
life can offer. | ?"*, Sl^!\h^. tsu<* noteJ ''ulls as champion

Inurst, Beau Forbes H., by

During the time of Alice's betrothal,
Emily strove by close occupation, and
by sympathy with her sister's happi-
ness to forget the void and disquiet in
her own heart, but she could not. Love
had st olen in softly and impercepti-
bly, but he had enshrined himself so
deeply in her heart that it seemed
impossible for one of her earnest and
steadfast nature to drive him out.
Dearly as she loved her brother and
sister, and warmly as they recipro-
cated her affection, she had become
conscious of a sense of loneliness and
isolation which must come, at times,
to every woman, until she has found
that "dearer life in life" by which
alone her own can be rounded and
completed.

Late in the spring the marriage was
quietly celebrated, their good friend,
the Episcopal clergyman performing
the ceremony. With heartfelt earnest-
ness, he went through the beautiful
prayer (touching the true and heav-
enly keynote of marriage) that the
young couple might "so live together
in this world that in the world to come
they might have everlasting life."'

When the spring flowers bloomed
that year, in the old garden at "Sol-
dier's Joy," a fairer flower bent over
them, inhaling their old familiar fra-
grance with delight, Alice, the lovely
young bride whom Allan had carried
back to her old home.

Hill (champii
Ch

-„ Beau

j of the West for two years);

Ida, Ludolph 4th, Rustler 2d.

Choice calves from the above cows sired

by Baron Ida, Encouragement 463S2. and

Erard 55380.

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

H.F. COLEMAN & SONS,

MULBERRY GAP. TENN.,

— BREEDERS OF—

ABERDEEN=ANGUS CATTLE.

JANNET'S KING, 482;], greatest
son of Valiant Knight II., 29331, first
prize bull at all three nf the Interna-
tional Bhows, heads the herd Visitors
and correspondence invited. Young
things for sale.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

FOR SALE— 2 Registered Bulls, calved
Dec. 17th, 1902, and Aug. 28th, 1903.

Berkshire Pigs,

(Biltmore Strain.)
farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to
L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

An obedient husband up in Frank-
lin cnnnlv, Mr., was cr.iccting to d.~
ing certain work about the house, and
he quoted Scripture to his wife, show-
ing that the household duties should
properly be assigned to the woman.
The good wife replied by reading to
her astonished liege II. Kings xxi.. 13,
"I will wipe Jerusalem as a man
wipeth a dish, wiping It and turning
it upside down." That husband has
wiped the dishes ever since. — Zion's
Herald.

Aberdeen Angus Cattle!

FAME OF WOODLAWN.

l-i in class of 22 at the
International Show. 14
Ancestral Champions.
Urile y. ur wants and
lor prices of heads for
herds.

JOHN T. and O. B.
MAN LOVE. Hilton
Indiana.

ROSEDAI.E HEIID

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

C holce bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence Invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffereonton,
Va.

208

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

R EG I STER-ED!

SHORTHORNS.

Our old, established herd of about
fortv good milking cows is headed by
imported SIR WILFRED LAURIER,
144766 (a son of the great English
champion Marengo): CEDRIC. 12608S
(a grandson of William of Orange, of
Marr Farm), and FRANTIS LAD,
210443 (a winner of second prize in
senior bull calves at 1903 International
Young stock for sale,

P. S. LEWIS & SON,
Point Pleasant, W. Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM^
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep

and Berks b ire Pigs.

Fo« Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

COOK'S CREEK HERD

Scotch-Topped
Shorthorns^*

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 15S5 48.
Toung Bull« for sale. Inspection and corres
pondence invited.
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

MEADOW BROOK
SHORTHORNS. *

I have several very fine Shorthorn Red Bull
Calves 6 to 10 months old. and several very
Dice yearling Shorthorn Heifers for sale at
farmer's prices. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

FOR SALE OR TRADE

1 Registered Shorthorn Bull,

5 years olil, to prevent inbreeding.
I Registered Shorthorn Bull,

6 months old.

50 bus. French White Artichokes,

at 75 cents per bus.
Standard bred Poland-China Pigs, 3 to

4 months old
J. H. BOELTE & SONS, - News Ferry, Va
West.

THE No. 6 IRON AGE COMBINED
DOUBLE AND SINGLE WHEEL
HOE HILL AND DRILL SEEDER.

Angus Cattle For Sale Low.

The cut shows the tool ready for
sowing garden seeds in continuous
rows or in hills at four, six, eight,
twelve or twenty-four inches apart.
The change from sowing in contin-
uous rows to that of dropping in hills
can be instantly made, or the reverse.
The seed sowing device 'S very simple
and can be removed quickly, and the
tool changed into a complete single or
double wheel hoe by making use of the
small working tools, extra wheel, etc.,
shown in the cut about the machine. !

In designing the seed sowing device
simplicity of construction, conven-
ience of adjustment and perfection of
work were kept constantly in mind.
The agitator is simply a revolving
brush of selected bristles, which abso-
lutely will not injure the seed. The
seed hopper holds two quarts. The
light weight of this tool, combined
with the remarkable strength of same,
cannot help but appeal to you as hav-
ing excellent advantages, especially
since this is a tool that is to be pushed
solely by hand.

This implement, as well as a com-
plete line of garden tools, horse hoes
and cultivators, riding cultivators,
two-horse walking cultivators, special
trucking tools, potato planters, etc.,
are made by the Bateman Mfg. Co.,
Box 167, Grenlock, N. J., who guaran-
tee their implements to be as repre-
sented, and will be pleased to send
their catalogue free to all who make
inquiry for same.

■I OFFER'

2 Reg. Ayrshire Bulls,

One 10 «.. old PRICE, &M0.00.

One coming 3 yrB. old PKICE, 865.00.

Low considering Quality.
Keiriitered and high grade HAMPSHIREDOWN
SHEEP of best breeding. Kam«. Ewes and
Lambs for sale. Stock and Prices will suit.

J. D, THOriAS, Round Hill Va.
Meadow Brook Stock Farm.

AUCTION SALE
CATALOGUE GUNS

Pistols, Military 0oods( Illustrated)
15c, mallei) 6c stamps. F. Bannerman, 579 Broadway, N. Y.

GOVT

A JOKE FROM ENGLAND.

At a recent Chamber of Commerce
dinner the following story was told:
"At the time of King Edward's re-
covery from appendicitis, thanksgiving
services were held all over the British
dominions. The services were con-
cluded at a certain place by the sing-
ing of a well-known hymn, which hap-
pened to be in the back of the book.

" 'Let us close the services," the rec-
tor said, 'by singing the hymn, 'Peace,
Perfect Peace' — in the appendix.' "

TWO TOO MANY.
"Triplets," said wee Willie Winkle-
top with a very knowing air, "always
come to poor families. It's when
God sends them a whole line of sam-
ples to pick from, and they hasn't
enough money to pay the expressman
to take two of 'em back." — February
Llpplncott'B.

One 5 year old bay mare with black
points, 16 hands, weight 1,150. Fine
family mare and a nice driver. Lot of
7-8 grade Angus bull calves. Lot of
15 16 grade Angus bull calves. These
grade calves look like thoroughbred
Angus, and will please the most fas-
tidious. 1 five year old Shrothorn
cow with bull calf at foot, by our Reg.
Angus Bull, a fine family milk cow;
quality's perfect. A splendid family
milk cow 4 years old. Will drop a
calf in April next, by our Angus bull.
A splendid location for a saw mill.
Timber to last 3 years or longer one-
half mile from the railroad.

W. M. WATKINS & SONS,
Saxe. Charlotte Co., Va.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We are now offering some choice young
Bulls of the following breeds:

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus.

Write at once for pedigrees and prices.

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Parm

_^^^^^^^^^^_^ Has for sale a large num-

' ""^V '" * ' tB3> her of nice young regli-

4SHH| WK\ '''''

None better bred in the South. Combining
closely the moet noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $26;
Heifers, aame age. *35. POLAND CHINA
PIGS. $5 each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop." Battleboro. N. C.

JERSEY BULLS
HEIFERS.

REGISTERED

Guernsey Cattle

Of all ages, for sale, including a 2-year
old Bull, from a tested dam.

G. M. WALLACE,

FALMOUTH, VA.

~~ A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

209

DORSETS
Fall lambs Don
ready. Now Is time
to order Dorset
rams. Write for
circulars and photos.
Come to see our
Doraets. J. D. & H.
Greenbrier Co., Maxwelton,

...Woodland Farm.

DORSET SHEEP,

Beardless Spring Barley,

Choice Alfalfa Seed.

J. E. WING & BROS.. Mechanicsburg. 0.

....BARGAINS....

DORSETS AND

HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONG, LANTZ MILLS, VA.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER,

Rustburg. Va.

Your Buggy Catalog is Ready

The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co., 10 Sixth St.,
Cincinnati, Ohio, H. C. Phelps, President,
desires to announce to our readers that the new
and attractive 1904 catalogue of Split Hickory
Vehicles and Harness is now ready for free
distribution, and will be promptly sent, pre-
paid, to all who request it.

As is well known to mi>st of our readers, many
of them regular customers of this great buggy
concern, the Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co. is the sole
manufacturer of the Split Hickory line of
vehicles, all of which they sell direct to the user
at factory price, affording a great saving over
other methods.

Aryshires, Berksiiires and Oxford-Downs.

Ayrshire Calves of both saxes, Berkshire
Pigs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Rams for
■ale. MELROSE CASTLE FARM,

Enos H. Hess, Manager, Casanova, Va.

FOR SALE.

3 Aberdeen-Angus Heifers,

Bred from Hero of Bunker Hill, 31462.
All three good individuals.

J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesville, W. Va.

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

glstered and grades, of all ages
ind sexes, and ofthamplon blond
or the beel and milk strains and
it moderate prices Also .Nursery
|-tock of all descriptions
MYER & SON, Brldgeviile, Delaware.

Cincinnati -Ohio

The beauty of the cover of the 1904 catalogue,

with its seven colors and artistic design, is but

feebly portrayed above in the small reduced

illustration. The catalogue is a work of art and

its contents are complete and authoritative. It

I lays special stress, very properly, upon the 1904

; Split Hickory Special Top Buggy, priced at $50,

j the wonder and pride of the buggy user, the

[ envy of buggy makers universally.

This Split Hickory Special has one hundred
points of merit. These points comprise every
late feature known in the manufacture of a
j strictly high-grade buggy.
We ask our readers in sending for this 1904 cata-
logue to use the following coupon and to fill out
. the blanks carefully, and mail it direct to The
Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co., 10 Sixth St, Cincin-
nati, O.

Name - •■•

LICE

Gibson Liquid Lice Killer kills all lice and
mites or. Fowls. Cattle, Hogs and Horses.
Easily applied and guaranteed to kill the lice
or money refunded. Gallon can '$1-00. Liberal
terms to dealers and agents. Write to-day
•or prices and circulars.

GIBSON & LAMB, West Alexander, Pa.

Address ,

CORN PLANTING

time will soon be
here. To get thebig-

■ gest crop you want

a planter that will do the work right. "The
Hamilton" corn Planter Is the best machine
on earth for insuring increased corn crop.
Write for catalogue and price -

gy ITME M. P. DEUSCHER CO.,: O: "
lamiiton, Ohio, Manufacturers. £.:

Mention the Southebn Planteb In
writing.

"THE SURE HATCH IN ALASKA."
Minto, Yukon, Jan. 7. 1904.— Seattle
Produce Co., Eugene, Oregon. Gentle-
men,— Enclosed please find eighteen
dollars ($18) for another 150 egg size
incubator. Please send it as soon as
possible as I want to set it in the fore
part of March. The one you sent me
last fall is all right and I want to set
two in March, or sooner if the hens
begin to lay. I will want some more
later. 1 enclose 20 cents for exchange
of Canadian greenbacks. On my first
hatch I got 85 per cent, and have not
got less than 95 per cent, since that
time. Ship the machine to Mrs. John
Fussell, Minto, Yukon, care of Mr.
Wheeler, Royal Mail Service, White
Horae.

EGGS

From barred buff snd wblte
llymnuth Rocks; bofl Or-
pingtons and Mom moth
bronze turkeys, [scoring. 01 to 96 points, at lar-

BOOKING ORDIKS^FOP.

POLAND - CHINA TlGST

I have a herd from the greatest breeders in
tbe world.— the best that monev can btiv I
treat buyers as I wlih to be tnated. Write for
prices and free circular. Ifi years a breede-
J.fB. BEAMER, Pickaway, W. Va .

EGOS for sale.

From Prize Winning BUFF LEG-
HORNS and BARRED PLYMOUTH
ROCKS. Also choice Barred Rock
Cockerels (Miles Strain).

MISS JULIA P. JONES,
Bethania. N. C.

WALSH'S

Barred Plymouth RocKs

High class combination utility and
exhibition stock. Best blood. Bred
from prolific layers of large browm
eggs. Eggs, $1.50 per 15.

L. W. WALSH,

Box 194. Lynchburg, Va.

Silver 1 s- c« d V* > ard. i t< ».
No finer general purpose fowl in America.
Bred for beauty and utility. Eggs from choice
and pure bred stuck, $1.25 per IS: S2.00 per 38
Twenty-three years a breeder and shipper.

S. P. YOl'ER, Denbigh, Va.

BbST STRAIN

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

The ideal farmer's fowl. Eggs, 50c
per setting of 15 F. O. B. here. Mrs.
WM. P. Bueks, R. F D. 1. Bedford City,
Va.

-FOR PURE-BRED-

WHITE LEGHORN

eggs at 75c per sitting, eddiess,

Mss. W. P. ALLEN, Walnut Hill, Va.

FOR SALE knmm

2 pure-bred Hoist ("in Krltslau

Bull calves two months old.
Address, H. W MANisON, Crewe, Va.

. . .5 PURE-BRED...

BERKSHIRE BOARS

for Milt-. 2 months uld, $5.00 each ,Z~S
H. SWLNEFOKD, RichmondTVa.

SPECIAL NOTICE.

Our new invention, used on every farm every
day, sells on sight, and is guaranteed for tea
years. A great opportunity to make money for
parlies"able to invest S">00 to 81.600 for territory
lor tbesaleof tblsinventlon. Kiliroad Fare will
be paid one way to responsible men who coma
pr«( ai d to do business, whether thsy decide or
not. Write for particulars to M. AOuLPrl
MULLER, Eastern Agt., box 662, Richmond, Va.

210

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[March,

WASHINGTON'S REVERENCE.

An Anecdote of the Fatheb of His
Country and of His Mothee.

Much of George Washington's firm
strength of character was due to his
splendid ancestry, as the following lit-
tle anecdote will testify:

While reconnoitering in Westmore-
land county, Va., one of General Wash-
ington's officers chanced upon a fine
team of horses driven before a plow
by a burly slave. Finer animals he
had never seen. When his eyes had
feasted on their beauty, he cried to
the driver:

"Hello, good fellow! I must have
those horses. They are just such ani-
mals as I have been looking for."

The black man grinned, rolled up the
whites of his eyes, put the lash to the
horses' flanks, and turned up another
furrow in the rich soil. The officer
waited until he had finished the row;
then, throwing back his cavalier cloak,
the ensign of rank dazzled the slave's
eyes.

"Better see missis! Better see mis-
sis!" he cried, waiving his hand to the
south, where, above the cedar growth,
rose the towers of a fine old Virginia
mansion. The officer turned up the
carriage road, and soon was rapping
the great brass knocker of the front
door. Quickly the door swung on its
ponderous hinges, and a grave, ma-
jestic-looking woman confronted the
visitor with an air of inquiry.

"Madame," said the officer, doffing
his cap, and overcome by her dignity,
"I have come to claim your horses in
the name of the Government."

"My horses?" said she, bending upon
him a pair of eyes born to command.
"Sir, you cannot have them. My crops
are out and I need my horses in the
field."

"I am sorry," said the officer, "but I
must have them, madame. Such are
the orders of my chief."

"Your chief? Who is your chief,
pray?" she demanded, with restrained
warmth.

"The commander of the American
army — General George Washington,"
replied the other, squaring his shoul-
ders and swelling with pride. A smile
of triumph softened the sternness of
the woman's handsome features. "Tell
George Washington," said she, "that
his mother says he cannot have her
horses."

With a humble apology, the officer
turned away, convinced that he had
found the source of his chief's decision
and self-command.

And did Washington order bis officer
to return and make his mother give up
her horses? No; he listened to the
report in silence, then, with one of his
rare smiles, he bowed his head. — Feb-
ruary St. Nicholas.

No Trace of Disease

any one of the three years, 1901, 1902 or 1903 at or follow-
ing th International Live Stock Exposition at Chicago.
Is it remarkable? If jou saw the shows you know the
countless thousands in value assembled. There was
anxiety among breeders. T' ey had to be assured against
the spread of contagious diseases. The management met
the demand each year by disinfecting with famous

ZENOLEUM

Zenoleum exclusively. That's high, reliable testimony. Do you use
Zenoleum? It destroys disease germs, avoids contagion, cures scab,
cholera and skin diseases, kills lice, removes stomach and intestinal
worms, establishes and maintains for live stock ideal sanitary conditions.

"The Great Coal Tar Carbolic Disinfectant Dip."

Sample gallon of Zenoleum Si. SO, express prepaid. 5 gallons $6.25,
freight prepaid. If you breed live stock vou should learn what Zenoleum
will do for you. Ask for free Zenoleum handbooks, "Veterinary Ad-
viser" and "Piggie's Troubles." A postal will bring them.
iZenner Disinfectant Co., 93 Bates St., Detroit, Mich.

BIG BARGAINS

ABERDEEN-ANGUS BULL CALVES.

For prompt sale we offer as follows!

1 YEARLING BULL FOR $75.00

2 8 MOS. CALVES, EACH $50.00
2 6" " " $40.00

These calves are sired by our Bull Marvil, No. 40r>91, (direct descendent of the world famous
Guy Blackbird) out of as pure blooded cows as are to be found anywhere. These calves are in good
condition, and fine specimens ns to lorm, color, etc. Remember the bull Is half the herd— therelore
get the best. Come and see them or write.

WILSON BROS. & CO.,

News Ferry, Va.

F
O
R

S
A

L
E

BERKSHIRE BOARS

6 months old, right in every way.
JERSEY BULL CALVES,

from superior cows.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville, - - Virginia.

Mention the Southebn Plantbb in
writing.

THE - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN. Jr.. Prop.,
We breed and ship the befcl stratus of

L«?i ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and get the best.
A Large Registered English Berkshire Boar,
1)4 year- old. e.xira tine specimen fOK SA i.e.
None better bred In this country. 6 coming
2 year old JERSEY HEIFERS for sale; also
2 fine Jersey Cows: 1 yearling heifer a per
feet beauty. \\ rile for price.

ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr., Lexington, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planter.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 211

BILTMORE FARMS, - Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GQLDENLAD JEESEVS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. > S J-

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality
that wins in the show rin<*.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company. ■

* * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. ^>

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last t-rro seasons. If you want winners vou
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c

Eggs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

^ ^ Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class .» jj|
**& ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / .* .* Staunton, Va

212

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

MR. YERKES' FIRST DEAL, IN SOAP

Charles T. Yerkes, who is now busy
supplying London with an adequate
rapid-transit system, began his busi-
ness career with a successful specula-
tion that did not involve the outlay ot
a dollar. It was a Saturday afternoon,
and he was strolling along a wharf in
Philadelphia, when he came to a store
where an auction sale was in progress.

"How much am I offered for this
box of soap?" asked the auctioneer.

The thirteen-year-old boy looked at
the brand and saw that it was the
same soap as that used in his home.
He knew what his mother paid for it
at retail, and so he made a bid. The
auctioneer smiled at him, cried the bid
once, and said: "Sold to — what's your
name, bub?"

"Charley Yerkes."

"Sold to Charley Yerkes for ."

Then another box was put up and
bid in by the boy, and this was con-
tinued until fifty boxes had been
struck off to him. He had a deposit
of five dollars in a savings bank, which
had been there for some months. He
showed the auctioneer his certificate of
deposit, and said he would soon return
and pay for the soap.

He went to the grocer with whom
his family traded, and asked him if he
wanted to buy some soap. The grocer
asked how much he had and what it
was worth. The lad replied that he
had fifty boxes, and that he would sell
the lot for a certain sum, naming an
amount double that which the soap
had cost him at the auction house.
The deal was closed, and then the
storekeeper asked the lad how we had
come by it. When young Yerkes told
him, the man opened his eyes and
said: "I had intended to go to that
auction, but forgot it." The boy did
not draw his five dollars from the
bank, and thereafter it was his great
pride to add to it. "It is surprising,"
said he, not long ago, in telling the
story of his first money-making effort,
"how it grew from year to year. When
I was twenty-one years of age the
money of which this was the founda-
tion amounted to several thousand
dollars." — Success.

WHAT, INDEED?

The physicians were holding a con-
sultation beside the cot of the man sup-
posed to have appendicitis concealed
about his person.

"I believe," said one of the surgeons,
"that we should wait and let him get
stronger before cutting into him."

Before the other prospective ope
rators could reply, the patient turned
his head and remarked, feebly:

"What do you take me for — a
cheese?"

"Some men," said Uncle Eben, "will
put in weeks prayin' for rain, an' den
kick cos' dey happens to git delr feet
wet."

#

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

MCCORMICK

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

LARGE YOBKSBIRE HOGS

THE COMING BACON BREED-
THE MOST PROLIFIC BREED-

48 pigs from four litters, ready for December delivery — our Fall
prices always the lowest.

INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl.

WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers.

WHITE WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also

JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but-
ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days.

BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va.

HILL TOP STOCK FARM.

A SPECIALTY'

■33

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. 8.
Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man-
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm,
* with increased facilities, will make a
specialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, without regard to coet,
from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood.

My BERKSHIRE PIGS

For thiB Spring delivery will weigh 100 poundB at 12 weeks of age, and for INDI-
VIDUAL MEKIT cannot be excelled in the United States. They will make Bhow
hogs against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. The last of
my Fall and winter pigs have been sold, and orders will only be taken for Spring
delivery. S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S. Hamilton & Co.)

ALL THE

TOOLS

*5!^ New Universal

Hand Seeders and Cultivators.

Fof every condition of truck growing from seeding to
last cultivation. Most valuable combination tools. Widely
adjustable, best made. Get free late catalog.

AMES PLOW COMPANY. 56 MARKET STREEY. BOSTON, MASS

For S.lo by GRIFFITH a TURNER CO.. B.lll ,nr-- "-■

Billings

Planter and Fertilizer

Hand Wheel Plows

.' Now Universal)
and rake attachments,
i ndlspensible on farm.
catalogue of all garden tools. The up*

Md

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

213

Hallock's I POTATO DIGGER

Ideal. I Plow and Pulverizer.

Patent
Allowed and

Others
Applied for.

Can We Send You this Splendid Machine on Trial?

We have spent 20 years in perfecting this Potato Digger and are satisfied that it is the only successful one en
the market. We are willing for YOU to say whether it is what we claim for it. If you don't like it, the Digger is
"urs. The Southern Planter has examined its merits, and recommends Us readers to send for it on trial. Will
you do it? Let us mail you particulars. Write to-day. NOTICE THE AGITATOR on the wheel; remove it, and you
will have the best plow in the world.

We want a good, active, responsible Energetic Agent in every section of the country
to handle the "IDEAL." We will sell the first machine in each locality at a greatly
reduced price. We protect our agents. The wise man will surely act quickly for
he must see that territory on this machine will be eagerly sought for.

S PEC I A L.= — —

The Keystone Farm Machine Co., of York, Pa., have the exclusive right to manufacture our Hallock Flat Tooth
Weeder for the Eastern and Southern territory. The Janesville Machine Co., of Janesville, Wis., have the same
rights for the Western territory. Our friends will therefore have no difficulty in securing this well known and
valuable machine. The patents have been fully sustained by five different Circuit Courts.

Write for Circulars and Testimonials from Those Who Have Used the Digger.

D. Y. HALLOCK & SONS, Box 813, YORK, PA.

If you will give us your name and address we will send you an elegant 32-page catalogue —
A Treatise on Potato and Corn Culture.

214

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[March,

IF YOU ARE WELL-BRED

You will be kind.

You will not use slang.

You will try to make others happy.

You will not be shy or self-conscious

You will never indulge in ill-natured
gossip.

You will never forget the respect due
to age.

You will not swagger or boast of
your achievements.

You will think of others before you
think of yourself.

You will be scrupulous in your re-
gard for the rights of others.

You will not measure your civility
by people's bank accounts.

You will not forget engagements,
promises, or obligations of any kind.

In conversation you will not be argu-
mentative or contradictory.

You will never make fun of the pecu-
liarities or idiosyncracies of others.

You will not bore people by con-
stantly talking of yourself and your
affairs.

You will never under any circum-
stances cause another pain, if you can
help it.

You will not think that "good inten
tions" compensate for rude or gruff
manners.

You will be as agreeable to your
social inferiors as to your equals and
superiors.

You will not sulk or feel neglected
if others receive more attention than
you do.

You will not have two sets of man-
ners— one for "company" and one for
home use.

You will never remind a cripple of
his deformity, or probe the sore spots
of a sensitive soul.

You will not gulp down your soup
so audibly that you can be heard across
the room, nor sop up the sauce in your
plate with bits of bread.

You will let a refined manner and
superior intelligence show that you
have traveled, instead of constantly
talking of the different countries you
have visited.

You will not remark, while a guest,
that you do not like the food which
has been served to you.

You will not attract attention bv
either your loud talk or laughter, or
show your egotism by trying to absorb
conversation. — February Success.

CAR LOAD OF PURE BRED HERE-
FORDS AT FOREST DEPOT, VA.
A car load of pure bred Hereford
Heifers from Kentucky have armed
at Forest Depot, consigned to the
Elgton Stock Farm. They are said to
be the pick of Kentucky's pure 'jn>d
cattle, and will ,no doubt, be heard
from in the show ring next fall.

This addition to their already large
herd of pure bred Herefords will, no
doubt, make this one of the best and
largest herds of white-faces in this
section of the country.

DAN PATCH 1:56*4
THE FASTEST HARNESS HORSE in the WORLD

BE HOLDS THE FOLLOWING WORLD RECOKDS:

Slle Record, ItMSf Hilf-HIle Record Q:i6

Jill* Record to ffifon, . - . 1:57* Sile Record oa Half-Mile Track, . 2:0**

Hile Record le Hlcu Wnecl Salty, • fcOftJJ Two-flUe Re-eord, .... 4:17

DA5 PATCH HOLDS BORE WORLD RECORDS THAU ACT HORSE THAT ■*« EVER L1TED.

IN TWO ffZABS DAN PATCH HAH PACED TEX MILES FROM 2:00 J-LJ.T TO 1 :-*.*..

IX T"0 YEARS BJJ PATCH HaS PACED TWEXTVTWo BILKS IS 8:01* TO 1:S6V

DAX PATCH PACED PLEVEN BILES IX 1908 THAT AVERAGED 1:59 4-11 A5D WAS

SHIPPED 10.000 MILES DTRIXO THIS TIME FROM JTNE TO DEC.

t^-DAX Patch sold for *60,ooo in isoa and is xow yaieed at fiso.ooo.

HIS BEAUTIFUL colored PICTURE FREE

PRINTED IN SIX BRILLIANT COLORS

DESCRIPTION. We &re owners of this World-Famous Stallion and hare pcttenott a BajrniBrent Colored
Lithograph of Dan Patch 1 £6Jj . printed in »* Six Br IN la* I Colore and Sire 21 bj 2>. D»n Patch Is universally
. - 1 iwtodged to be a most wonderful horse, and with bis combined qualities of champion speed, good breading,
conformation and very kind disposition the opinion is freely expressed bv horsemen that«s-Hr I. The Create*! Sial-
lloa Thai Has Ever Appeared On Earlh. Agricultural Colleges send to us for bit, picture* to use in their college work.
This Beautiful Picture Contains a Complete Record of All His Races and Fast Biles so that you have His Speed History
Complete. It makes a very fine picture for framing as it is Free From Advertising. This eofravirr shows the Cele-
brated Trainer and Driver, B. B. MeHenry. and Dan Patch exactly as they appear In their famous mile* The colored
picture we will send yon ia a large reproduction of the above engraving and everyone pronounces lit at most life-
like horse picture ever published of a marvelous horse. Every lover of a horse ought to have one of these pictures.

■ demand i

Ds] 1... ■■■

IT WILL be MAILED to YOU FREE IT Postage Prepaid

IF YOU ANSWER THESE 8 QUESTIONS--AT OXCE.

1st.— How Mnch Slock Of All Elnd. Do Too Own! 2nd. — >Atne Paj.rr Id VTblek To. S»w TbU Offer.

•VPictora will Not be moiled unlets 70a answer qoeftioci •=%*
I Large, t ritoek rood PM.

nn ■ISXKAPOIIS
III., Bl-V, I . S. A.
L STOCE FOOD CO.

JJ MI PATCH l:e.V. DIRECTrM 2:05!,, ROY WILEES 2:0*", Are Ow.rd Bj LXTEHSATIO

0 Oar Slallloas Brood Hint, Colts. Cattle, Hoc, Etr., Eat •'Ioeraatlooal Stork Food" Fieri liar.

Jersey, Guernsey and Shorthorn

CATTLE

Young stock registered in their respective Herd books, for sale. The SHORT
HORNS are bred and owned by a neighbor, and are in our hands for sale. A
number of young BERKSHIRE SOWS due early in the year. BARRED PLY-
MOUTH ROCKS, S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS, a few BRONZE TURKEYS, TOU-
LOUSE GEESE and PEKIN DUCKS. All of above ready for delivery.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

215

This Factory is Good for$5D

Split

Hickory,

Special

$50

This Factory

Is a Guarantee that Backs up Our'

SPLIT HICKORY

SPECIAL BUCCY SiaTM

TRIAL with a Two-Year Iron-Clad Guarantee. We make only

Split Hickory vehicles. Expert workmen and

modern machinery and methods are employed

the year round by us making- nothing else but

Split Hickory vehicles to be sold direct to

users. Back of every Split Hickory Buggy

stands this great factory, with Its years of

successful operation, constantly increasing

output; progressive, up to the times in

every particular. We will ship promptly,

will allow you to use it 30 days before you

decide whether to keep it or not, and will

Ptitive Two Years Guarantee

Every Split Hickory Special Buggy is furn-
ished complete with good. High Padded Leather
Dash, Fine Quality full length Carpet. Side Cur-
tains. Storm Apron, Quick Shifting Shaft Coup-
— lings. Full Leathered Shafts with 39- inch Point
Leathers. Special Heel Braces and Corner Braces. Full
description of this Special Bargain Buggy at $50. Send for oar Free 136-Page Catalogue of Split Hickory Vehicles and Harness.
NOTE.— We manufacture a full line of high grade Harness, sold direct to the riser at Wholesale Prices.

THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO. (H. C. Phelps, President), I8I0SIXTH ST., CINCINNATI, OHIO.

TWO MODEL HUSBANDS.

Two colored women sitting on their
front steps were overheard boasting
of the many lovable traits and manly
virtues of their husbands.

"Gawge sutainly is a good man to
me," said Mrs. Jackson with feeling
Id her voice. "Ah have nevah been
without a day's wash sence Ah mahied
dat man. He gits me all the wasnin's
Ah can do."

"Well, Ah has this to say foah
Ezra." declared Mrs. Jackson with
satisfaction; "when Ezra gits drunk
he gits drunk like a perfec' gennel-
man." — Caroline Lockhart, February
Lippincott's.

1 am now prepared to book orders for
pigs from imported Kingstone Poetess,
bred by (J. (J. Smith, Kingstone Commons,
England. Also from Queen of "-assifern,
bred by James Lawrence, of shrivenhain,
England'. Also from Queen Alfreds,
from imported Loyal Mason, imported
Loyal Berks, imported Prircess Alfreda,
Prince Alfred, etc These areas fine as the world can produce, though I cannot
expect fancy prices for them like some breeders get Bacon your mungsela and
start aright in the hog business. Remember me when pricing shorthorns ( Durhsms).

THOS. S. WHITE Fassifern Stock Farm, LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

216

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

HE TOOK IT IN.

Father B was a very popular

man in the old border town, W , up

In Northern New York. Beloved by
Protestant and Catholic alike, he lived
a contented life among his people and
his books.

At the time of the miners' strike,
when the price of coal was soaring, the
good Father discovered that the coal
supply of the church was practically
exhausted and there was no money
In the treasury to purchase more. Ac-
cordingly he announced that he in-
tended taking up a collection for this
purpose, and taking a plate, after his
sermon, he went up and down the
aisles, giving every one a chance to
contribute.

Much to his surprise, as he extend-
ed the plate towards one "old son of
the sod" he was given a shrewd smile
and wink instead of money. The
Father, however, thought this meant
that Patrick was not prepared to give
that day and would do so later.

Not securing enough money at this
time, the following Sunday he made
another collection, paying particular
attention to those who had not given
the previous time. Coming again to
Patrick, he was greeted in the same
manner. Meeting him on the street
a day or two later, the Father said,
"Patrick, why did you not help us last
Sunday?"

"Ah, that's alright, Father, it's al-
right, an' I niver'll say wan wurd."

"Why, Patrick," said the mystified
priest, "you'll not say a word "

"It's alright "

"What do you mean?"

"Ha, Father," said Patrick, pulling
his forelock, "begem' yer pardin', sor,
but dnn't yer think I know that th'
church air het be stame?" — February
Lippincott's.

FOR 30c AND THIS NOTICE

The John A. Salzer Seed Co., La-
Crosse, Wis., send free

1 pkg. May 1st Carrot 10c.

1 pkg. Earliest Green Eating On-
ion 10c.

1 pkg. Peep of Day Tomato 20c.

1 pkg. Salzer's Flash Light Rad-
ish 10c.

1 pkg. Salzer's Long Quick, Quick

Radish 10c.

1 pkg. Salzer's Queen of All Rad-
ish 10c.

Above six rare novelties, the choic-
est and finest of their kind, have a re-
tail value of 70 cents, but they are
mailed to you free, together with
Salzer's big catalogue, well worth
$100 to every wide-awake gardener, all
upon receipt of but 30c in postage.

BERMUDA GRASS ROOTS.

50c per bu.; 10 bus. and over, 37jc
P. N. LITTLE, Bold Spring, Ga.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

DEERING

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter

fat. Stock of all ages for sale.

Ree. BERKSHIRES From noted strains. Imported Headlight, Lord
R* H ighclere and Sunrise.

DORSET SHEEP=

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS,

N. & W. and Southern R. R.

T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF —•'

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous a«

GAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd.

Females by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (aire of the highest
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of
females Royal Eric), Eulalies Eric 15568, (2nd prize yearling bull at World's
Columbian), Beau Bill 13G37 (champion of the West for two years). Baron Ida
20184 (champion at N. Y. State Fair 1898), Baronet of Advla 1226 (by the
"Judge" champion of the world).

Families represented in the herd are Coquette, Queen Mother, Nosegay,
Westertown Rose, Old Rose of Advia, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd as
good breeding as any herd In America. The Individual animals In the herd
have been selected with the one aim "quality" in view. Come and see, or write
your order and let us guarantee a first-class animal.

Shipping point and depot, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. ft W., 24 miles S.-W. of
Danville, Va.

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

mm

ABERDEEN ANGUS DULLS

AT A BARGAIN.

For the next 30 days, you can buy Registered
Bulls low, Herd headed by Allenhurst King IV,
47199, greatest son of Mctlmry Blackbird 20, 32499.
Pan American champion. Come and see or
Address W. P. ALLEN, Prop, of Glen Allen Stock
Farm, Walnut Hill, Va.

A neat Binder for your back num-bers can be had for 25 cents,
our Business Office.

11)04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

217

MAGAZINES.
The high-lights of the March Cen-
tury are fiction, personal interest and
topics relating to trade.

There is a bit of tragedy in "Anto-
nio's Last Stake," a story of Mexico,
by Caroline Abbott Stanley, which is
abundantly offset by several humorous
stories. Maurice F. Egan's pictur-
esque Sexton Maginnis, "the biggest
liar in America," and his mother-in-
law, "Herself," characters in "The
Valet of the Pastor," reappear in a new
story of this group entitled "The
Warning of Sexton Maginnis," which
makes appeal to all lovers of human
nature as well as to the Catholic cir-
cles with which it deals. Albert Bige-
low Paine contributes a story with a
novel motive in "The United Work-
man." dealing with labor troubles, and
Mr. Robert Haven Sehauffler a numer-
ous story of an orchestra in "The
Man Behind the Drums."

The personal interest begins with
the frontispiece of the number, which
is a portrait in color of the present
Pope. Accompanying it is a paper of
anecdotes of the Pope written from re-
cent personal investigation in north-
ern Italy by W. J. D. Croke. Bismarck,
whose personality is of perennial in-
terest, is the subject of a paper by the
late Henry Villard. descriptive of his
visit to the Chancellor in 1890, just
after the Prince's retirement.

There are three articles in the in-
dustrial and commercial field: "The
Paris Bourse," by Cleveland Moffett,
elaborately pictured by Andre Cas-
taigne: "Economic Changes in Asia,"
by the Rev. Dr. Arthur Judson Brown,
setting forth trade tendencies as ob-
served by the writer in a recent ex-
tensive trip in Asia; and "The Eye of
Fear," being a downright considera-
tion of labor unions by a stone cutter,
Mr. Robert Bruce Grant.

The March St. Nicholas opens
charmingly with a full-page reproduc-
tion of a pastel portrait of Miss
Baillie by J. Wells Champney, after
Gainsborough, a sweet girl's figure and
face with deep, thoughtful eyes. The
first story is of "Two Lads of Old Ken-
tucky," by Virginia Teaman Remnitz.
Herbert Baird Stimson tells an inter-
esting and true "Tale of the Cannibal
Islands." F. M. Jessup relates "Three
Little Stories of Jehee." a queer old
Syrian humorist. "Lazy Coomaras-
awmy" is an East Indian fairy tale re-
lated by George Sylva. "How Proby
Saved the Woods" is a brave story of
a brave boy; and "A Comedy in Wax"
develops most exciting interest.

In other fields the March St.' Nicho-
las seems more than usually rich.
There is a pretty description of "How
Daubigny Decorated His Little Daugh-
ter's Room." George Ethelbert Walsh
tells the wonderful story of "Cutting
a Hemisphere in Two," the fascinat-
ing history and possibilities of the
Panama and Nicaragua canals.

Had Plenty of Help

work. With good help scarce and all hcln hith ., ? W 6Urely be exPensIv8

IRON AGE

implements

. The Iniproved-Robhins Potito Ph S, ,T "« field or truck farm.

The Iron Age Pivot Whwi pniHwn*™ i ». YT e 8eed correctly.

JI«. Fine tovenm&y^CX^V^SoL7?o^7 " m^™ "* V**

by then- performance of the V^S'^'S&^^'^^^VA

MFG.

BATEMAN
i. COMPANY,
Box 167,
Grenloch, N. J.

S QsmontdorsetS g

X

x
x

X Prices Reasonable,

CISMONT STOCK FARM oilers well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va.

=T H E OAKS:

OFFERS FOR SALE AT LOW PRICES

2 SHORTHORN BULLS,

Rising 1 yr. old ; a solid red with white points and a rich red roan.
Eligible to registry. Also a pair of MORGAN COLTS, 13 hands,
2 inches high. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va.

218

Til E SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.

Is the Lord & Thomas Advertising

Agency the Head of Which Retired

February 1st.

Possibly there is no line of industry
in the United States that has grown in
such proportion in recent years as that
of general advertising, which includes
publicity in newspapers and maga-
zines and outdoor display advertising,
and through its tremendous force the
entire basis of modern merchandising
has been revolutionized.

The Chicago papers of the current
week devote much space and time to
the wonderful growth of the advertis-
ing business as a whole, and that of
Lord & Thomas in particular, owing
to the retirement of Mr. D. M. Lord,
the senior member of the firm, who
leaves active business life with a rich
competence.

The business of Lord & Thomas has
been one of the most aggressive and
progressive of its kind in the country,
having in recent years been under the
active management of Mr. A. L.
Thomas, whose judgment on advertis-
ing matters is considered as authorita-
tive by the vast body of publicity
users. Mr. Thomas has succeeded Mr.
Lord in the presidency and will con-
tinue at the head of the firm.

Mr. C. R. Erwin, the new Vice-Presi-
dent, has been connected with the com-
pany for 20 years and is therefore a
veteran in the field; associated with
him and Mr. Thomas is Mr. A. D.
Lasker, the Secretary and Treasurer.

To give some idea to the public of
the growth of advertising as a whole,
it might be stated that in two years
the business of Lord & Thomas alone
has increased one million dollars In
the billing, and in the one month of
January in 1904 this house has booked
$750,000 in advertising contracts from
the following concerns, whose names
are household words in the United
States: Anheuser-Busch Brewing
Ass'n, St. Louis; Siegel, Cooper Com-
pany, New York; Woolson Spice Com-
pany (Lion Coffee) Toledo. Ohio;
Hamilton-Brown Shoe Company. St.
Louis. Mo.; Sterling Remedy Com-
pany, (Cascarets), Chicago and New
York; The Woman's Magazine, St.
Louis, Mo.; Armour & Co.. Chicago;
Michigan Stove Co., Detroit and Chi-
cago; Union Pacific Railroad Co., Oma-
ha; Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
Ry. Chicago; Rock Island R. R. Sys-
tem.

Thirty-five years of wide experience
In handling the publicity of a large
proportion of America's most success-
ful advertisers have fitted Lord &
Thomas to give most judicious and
piofitable service to enterprising busi-
ness firms in every line.

The main offices of Lord & Thomas
itro in the Trude Building, Chicago.
and its Eastern Branch is in the
American Tract Society Building, New
York.

m

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

CHAMPION

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

MEAT AND EGGS

DO YOU WANT THEH NEXT WINTER AND SPRINO?

Then why not get eggs from probably the largest egg and broiler plant in the state.

My stock is thoroughbred Barred Plymouth Rocks, bred to lay. The

broilers of this breed are given a strong

preference on the Richmond

market.

Eggs $1.00 per 15; $2.00 per 40; $4 00 per 100.

AD

»»— H. C. WARD,

East Richmond P. O.
R. F. D. No. 3, Va.

JBarred Plymouth Rocks M
I Pope & Pope i

I Proprietors — Cozy NooK Poultry Far

...EGGS FOR HATCHING...

Our yards are noted for the size, vigor and health of the birds. They are big- fellows, prize winners
and heavy layers. Our matings for this season are especially fine, and, if you want ribbon winners,
it will pay you to order eggs from us. Cozy Nook Farm is one of the most perfectly equipped
plants of its size in America. Headed by birds scoring^ 1-2 to 04 1-2. We cull our eggs closely.
They will give you fine, sturdy chicks. Price, $2.00 per setting of 15 packed in our special baskets.

POPE & POPE, - LOUISVILLE, KY.

S. O. WHITE LEGHORNS

> in mm?

Of fine quality. Great laying strain. Prices very reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed. Write
for prices before buying elsewhere. C. O. fl. FINK, R. P. D. 2, Richmond Va.

Virg'

ASSETS. $900,000.

;inia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of FvicKmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.
W. H. PALflEK, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

1904. J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

219

REPORTS.

U.

S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C. Bureau of
Soils. Circular 12. Reclamation
of Alkali Land near Salt Lake
City, Utah.
Bureau of Statistics. Circular 15.
Foreign trade in Farm and Forest
Products.
Office of Experiment Stations. Bulle-
tin 39. Special and short courses
in Agricultural Colleges.
Office of Experiment Stations. Ex-
periment Station Record. Vol.
XV., No. 1.
Farmers Bulletin 55. The Dairy
Herd. Its formation and manage-
ment.
Farmers' Bulletin 1S5. Beautifying

the home grounds.
Farmers' Bulletin 1S6. Experiment
Station work. Losses in manure.
Rations for laying hens, etc.
Farmers' Bulletin 187. Drainage of

farm lands.
Farmers' Bulletin 189. Information
concerning the Mexican Cotton
Boll Weevil.
Farmers' Bulletin 191. The Cotton
Boll Worm.
Arizona Experiment Station. Tuczon.
Ari. Fourteenth annual report
year ending June 20, 1903.
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca,
N. Y. Bulletin 214. The ribbed
cocoon maker of the apple.
Kansas Experiment Station, Manhat-
tan, Kas. Bulletin 120. Tests of for-
est trees.
New Hampshire Experiment Station,
Durham. N. H. Bulletin 103.
Standard milk.
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster. O.
Bulletin 142. Clover and alfalfa
seeds.
Bulletin 144. Experiments with
sulphur sprays for the fall treat-
ment of San Jose scale.
Bulletin 145. Studies in Potato ro-
sette.
Pennsylvania Experiment Station,
State College, Pa. Bulletin 64.
Methods of steer feeding.
Virginia Department of Agriculture,
Richmond. Va. Annual report of the

Department for 1903.
Virginia (Hampton Institute.) Na-
ture study leaflet No. 3. How to
know trees by their bark.
Virginia Weather Service, Richmond,

Va. Report for January, 1904.
West Virginia Experiment Station.
Morgantown, W. Va. Bulletin 89.
Rural water supply.
Bulletin 90. Sheep feeding experi-
ments. Notes on parasites.
Imperial Department of Agriculture
for the West Indies, Barbados. W.
I. Barbados and Porto Rico mo-
lasses.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Almost at Butchers Price, Fancy Herd of

POLAND-CHINAS

We sold 20 pigs, boars and gilts at $8 each. We still have
a lot of the same size at the same price.

We have some smaller, about 60 to 80 pounds, at $7 each.

We offer 7 fine brood sows and 10 gilts (150 to 200 pounds),
at 7 cents per pound, live weight, f. o. b. Doswell.

Those prices just about pay crating and other expenses above
butchers' prices. AH stock not sold March 20th will go to the
butcher. •

Here is a chance for starting pure bred P. C. herds at small
cost — the very best strain.

We do not furnish pedigree, though all our stock is eligible
t.. registration. All stock offered, with the exception of the
seven sows, are by our herd boar, a son of Proud Perfection.
The seven sows were bought of reliable breeders. Five are of
Tecumseh B. strain.

Mr. W. J. Longan, Dunreath, Va., writes: "Am very much
pleased, more than I expected." He ordered another pig for a
neighbor, Mr. W. J. Crank. Mr. J. W. Nunn, of Louisa, Va.,
saw the pig and ordered another.

Mr. W. S. Eaton, Morehead City, N. C, writes: "I am
happy when dealing with such men." Address,

BULLFIELD FARMS, Doswell, Va.

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the \ >,KY BEsT strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hugsioi LESSMU.NEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING.

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warrenton, N.

SPECIAL BARGAINS in HOLSTEIN=FRESIANS.

From a few months to 1 year old. from damslhat a large producers, and with strong,
official backing on both sides. The sire is half the herd; it is Important that you get
the risht one. We have that kind, and our prices are no higher than others are asking.

LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHI RES, by such sires as Manor Faithful imp., Esau Princess
of Filston, by Esau Imp.. Fancy Duke, a dc.uble G. son of Loyal Berks. Address

URY iTOCK farm, TH0S. FASSIT & SONS, Sylmar, Md.

CHESTER WHITES.

First Premium stock ; largest
g on re'-nr.l : :i Sows 41 Pigs

Registered herd
and mi. st prolific

breeding stock 400 to 700 pound-. ; easy feeders; ser-
vice boars; sows bred. Fancy Pigs for i
time to this breed for 9 years. The best money can
buy and teed pro hir-e

P. M FUNKHOISER, Winchester, Va.

References: Farmers and Merchants National
Bank. Winchester. Va.

220

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

MR. CARNEGIE WAS BUSY WITH
AFRICA.

A crank of the gentler sort recently
wrote to Andrew Carnegie, calling his
attention to the fact that the Esqui-
means could not advance morally and
intellectually so long as they had to
expend all their energy in keeping
warm and seeking food; therefore it
was the clear duty of their neighbors
further south to aid them in overcom-
ing the disadvantages of their habitat.
To this end the writer proposed that
Mr. Carnegie equip a fleet of coal-laden
steamers, which, during the summer
months, should cruise along the Green-
land coast, leaving supplies of coal
wherever needed for winter consump-
tion. Stoves, cooking utensils, etc.,
were also to he given to the natives.

Mr. Carnegie, it is said, dictated the
following letter to his secretary:

"Dear Sir, — Yours is received. I
am considering a plan to supply the
natives of equatorial Africa with ice
cream and electric fans; hence I can-
not entertain your excellent proposi-
tion just now." — Success.

CHEERING THE INVALID.

Mrs. Barr, an elderly Scotchwoman,
had been seriously ill for weeks, dur-
ing which time even the members of
her immediate family had been ex-
cluded from the sickroom. At last,
however, she so longed to see her rela-
tive that it was deemed advisable to
admit them, one at a time. When the
moment for Mr. Barr's visit arrived
the trained nurse cautioned him
against showing too much emotion
over his wife's changed appearance.

"What you must do," said the nurse,
"is to cheer her up. You must tell her
how much better she is looking, what
a nice color she has in her cheeks, and
how bright her eyes are. Above all
things, you must be cheerful."

Mr. Barr promised faithfully to say
the proper things; but when he ap-
proached the bedside and beheld the
pitiful ravages that illness had made
in Mrs. Barr's once plump counte-
nance, he became so agitated that he
forgot the nurse's caution and ex-
claimed, in the rich Scotch brogue
that strong emotion always called
forth:

"Oh Maggie, Maggie, woman! whaur
wad ye like to be burrlt?"

"Ye'll no get a chance to bury me
this time, William Barr," returned the
Invalid, with unexpected spirit.
"You're altogether too anxious."

It was afterwards said that Mrs.
Barr's rapid recovery dated from that
moment.— Carroll Watson Rankin,
February Lippincott's.

Flo. — You don't seem to be at all
nervous about going to ask papa for
me, she said.

Fred. — Oh, no! I've had experience
both as an advertising solicitor and an
insurance agent. Thls'll be easy.

TRADE-MARK.

HOG BOOK FREE!

The points most essential to successful
hog raising, ai founrt In my 28 years experi-
ence as a specialist in the care of hogs and
the treatment of their diseases, are treated In
a thorough and practical manner in mvbook,
" HOGOliOGY." which Bwlne experts pro-
nounce the best book of the bind published.
One hundred pages, fully Illustrated. FREE
if you mention this paper when asking for it.

CASH FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE

When my remedy is fed as a preventive. Write for plan. This is a bona fide offer and you
should consider the difference between it and the "would-be guarantee" whereby you are
"promised" a refund of the cost of the preparation if results are not as claimed. A guarantee
that does not put the value of the animal in your pocket, in case of loss, is unfair to you.

PK1CES FOR REMEDY: 26-lb. can, S12.50: 12%-lb. can, Sfi.SO. prepaid. Packages, $2.60,
81.25 and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label.

■ JOS. HAAS, V. S., - - Indianapolis, Ind.

-j DR. A. C. DANIELS—*-

^-^ Can save you Money, save your Horse,
^~J save your Mule or save your Cow. j-jt

&• Home Treatment forflorses and Cattle-

Sick and Lime Horses Made Well. Weak Cows Made Strong. Q Better Breeders and Milkers-
Book for the asking of your druggist or dealer, or send to

•n. A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, MASS.

Mention the Planter.

Black Leg Vaccine

Pasteur Vaccine Co

CHICAGO
SAN FRANCISCO.

-REGISTERED

o

-A-HXT ID - O IX I INT A.

' Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and' young; sows
with pigs.- Tamworth pigs 8 wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to

GRAVES, Barboursville, Vs.

J. c.

For a fine assortment of Apple Trees, a bargain in Plum
Trees, fine lot of extra sized »o»e Basbe*, choice varieties, Hardy
Ornamental*, specimen shaped bushes, Spireas, Weigelias, Deutzias, Hy-
dranjeas, etc., — go or apply to

GEO. E. MURRELL ORCHARD & NURSERY CO.,

Stnd lor our Descriptive C«tilogu»— IT'S FREE. Fontella, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

221

THE BEST IN TWENTY.

"I should like to call attention to
the merits of the Southern Planter.
It Is a paper that truly espouses the
cause of the farmer. A young farmer
of this vicinity, after examining sam-
ple copies of over twenty agricultural
journals published in the Middle and
South Atlantic States, decided that it
was unequaled for the farmers of this
section. It advocates improved stock,
Intelligent fertilizing, cropping, etc.,
giving hints and advice on all perti-
nent subjects that are invaluable. ThU
Journal has been a great factor in de-
veloping the agricultural interests ol
the South."

We clip the above from the Virginia
Citizen, published at Irvlngton, Va. We
can assure the publishers and their
correspondent, unknown to us. that
we appreciate very highly this compli-
ment. We shall always try to de-
serve it.

THE LIVE LIST FOR 1904.

We are in receipt of a very neat and
handy booklet of the above title from
the International Stock Pood Co.,
Minneapolis, Minn. This booklet in-
cludes all trotters and pacers marked
in 2:20 or better in 1903 and liable to
race in 1904. It strikes us that all
horsemen will want this book at once.
It is certainly a compact and handy
reference and we invite all interested
to send for it. This live, progressive
and aggressive company is always
doing something worth while and we
never see anything from their presses
that Is not well worth having. This
company manufactures the well known
International Stock Food and adver-
tises with us regularly. They have a
card in this issue, to which we invite
attention.

How To Test Coiled Spring Wire.

rake a piece of No. 12 wire anrl coil it firmly around an Inch rod of Iron, as shown In
1°,* 2-„?*y *» P^j «h» <*>" »"* og it. Youjnay think you have duneso.butupon

releasing, i. —

a gun barrel; it will aj>p

ft gure 4— lias the appearance of a tube

This explains the irieat advantage 01

COILED SPRINC WIRE

Th<

eul .

r f.-M

nd expant-ion

El eiy twltst la an expi

HORSE HIGH, BULL STRONG, PIG AND CHICKEN TIGHT,

l sin'^oiilv llirh tarl-on Hem l'» Gn'titnlzriH'olletl Sjirtne Steel Wire: to t^tthH ",.»(! enonp-h we

make It ourselves. Beat wire makes tne beat fence. We ship any style of ten
DIRECT TO THE FARMER ON 30 DAYS TRIAL, AT FACTORY tfRICES,

freight prepaid. Please wnte us. We waut to send you our Catalogue It is free.
KITSELMcM BROTHERS, K"icg70. Muncie, Indiana. U. S. A.

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

?S4df1dmE?8 ACROBAT 68460,

SPECIAL NOTICE ! \0 nice, well-bred heifers, safe in calf

to Acrobat, will De sold at very reasonable figures.
ROSEHONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va.

Registered « Herefords,

SE3 Herd headed by tba Grand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

FOR SALE: 4 Bull calves, 8 to 12 mos. old.
V AH enquiries cheerfully Answered.

EDWARD G. BUTLER,

Annefield Firms. BRIGGS, Clarke Co-, Va.

PRINCE RUPERT, 79530.

MONEY FOR SPRAYER SELLERS.

As a money making proposition,
there is attractive reading in the lit-
tle advertisement elsewhere of the
Compressed Air Kant-Klog Sprayer
of the Rochester Spray Pump Com-
pany of Rochester, N. Y. The basis of j
this proposition is the best all pur-
pose sprayer made. It mixes the
liquid, throws nine different kinds of
spray from the same nozzle and is
perfect working and perfectly adapted
to all uses. It is a marked improve-
ment on anything in the compressed
air type of sprayer heretofore made.
Because of its nice adaptability to
everybody's use. it sells on sight. A
good many agents are reaping a har-
vest from handling it. Through the
terms ottered by the manufacturer,
they are able to make a nice thing In
a legitimate way, furnishing to buy-
ers an article of constant great service
for everyone who raises trees, shrubs
and vines. Any of our readers inter-
ested should look up this little ad and
write the manufacturer for terms.

'"""""'

I.::

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hogs I

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. GILLET & SON, - Glencoe, Haryland.

— IIHIIIIUIIIIII.II ■ ■ ...

.HEREFORD CATTLE.

Service Bulls; Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083), a grand- 1
son of the famous Grove 3d 2490, and a descendant of the]
world renowned Lord Wilton 4057 from the 4th generation.

Snowball, the dam of Salisbury, is now in the herd of His
Majesty King Edward VII.

Lars, Jr., is by Lars of Western fame and his dam is Judy out of a Sir Richard
2nd cow This makes a great combination of the Grove 3d, Lord Wilton, Anxiety.
Peerless Wilton and Sir Richard 2nd strains. No bi-tter breeding in the world today,

FOR SALE— Yearling bulls by above sires. WANTED— Reg Hereford heifers, 18
to 24 months old, not bred; will exchange bulls for heifers of equal quality.

Extremely low prices to close out this bunch; only a few left.

Write your needs or call and make your own selection.

MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Alb. Co.,Va. SK^«:

222

TIIE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[March,

DE LOACH SAW MILL.

The saw mill plant of the De Loach
Mill Manufacturing Company, of At-
lanta, Ua. who are regular advertisers
of ours is said to be the largest of the
kind in the world. They not only
have size to their credit, but have
every other advantage, such as cheap
labor, and an abundance of the best
lumber, steel and iron at hand to turn
out a superior product. They thus
have every facility for making good
their claims of making the best saw
mills in the world for the money. Up-
wards of twelve thousand of the De
Loach Mills are now in use in all sec-
tions of the country. This fact alone
is strong evidence of the high charac-
ter thev bear.

The same concern makes a long line
of machinery closely related to the
saw mill, such as lath mills, shingle
mills, edgers, planers, etc. Also
grinding mills, water wheels, gearing,
pulleys, shafting, etc.

The De Loach catalogue is a valua
ble machinery book for any one in-
terested. It is mailed free.

VIGOROUS PIGS.
The health and vigor of the new-
born pig is an important factor, de-
termining ns it does in most cases,
the profit or loss on that particular
animal for its owner in bringing it to
maturity. It would be impossible to
avoid all such losses but the number
can be reduced to the minimum if
proper attention is given to the breed-
ing stock and this refers especially to
the care of the sow from the time she
is bred until her pigs are weaned.
This important subject is thoroughly
discussed in "Hogology" a most val-
uable treatise on hog raising, by that
eminent swine specialist, Dr. Jos.
Haas, V. S., of Indianapolis. Ind. This
book will be sent free to any of our
readers who will mention this paper
when asking the Doctor for it. It is
well worth the time of any hog raiser
to read it.

We have just received a beautiful
lithographed hanger or poster printed
in ten colors, sent out by the manufac-
turers of the "Iron Age" Farm and
Garden Implements, Bateman Manu-
facturing Company, Box 167, Gren-
loch, N. J. Many thousands of these
are being hung up throughout the
country in conspicuous places, where
farmers and gardeners cannot help
but notice them. Besides showing
clearly several of their leading "Iron
Age" tools in operation in the field, it
shows the factories of this company.
We wish to here give the assurance to
our readers, that the tools as offered
by this company are thoroughly up-
to-date and all implements manufac-
tured by them, whether bought direct
or indirect, are guaranteed to be as
represented. Their 48-page "Iron
Age" catalogue is sent free upon ap-
plication.

SEED POTATO ES=

DIGGS AND BEADLES,

We have a select stock
of Maine grown and sec-
ond crop Virginia grown
seed potatoes of all the
best and standard varie-
ties. We have aleo a
nice stock of grass and
i lover seed, seed grain,
onion sets and all veg-
etable and flower seed
; if the highest quality
and germination; ferti-
lizers for all crops, write
us for prices.
Catalog Mailed Free.

J709 East Franklin Street.

RICHMOND, VA.

Sparks' Earliana -Tomato

Pays big — earliest large smooth tomato ever grown. Uniform
size; beautiful color ; three times as pioduc
tive as any other.

ISC pkt.; 40c JSoz.; 80c oz.; $2.50 \i lb.; $9 lb.

Well r

Quick=Cash Cabbage

ed. Yields

i to the

and.

rliertha

._. _abbage. _.
edbeforef uily grown. Most profitable and desirable
early cabbage ever offered.

ISC pkt.; 30c ii oz.; 60c or.; $2 M. lb.

Qarden and Farm Manual — Free

JOHNSON & STOKES Department A -4

By Special Appointment " Sttdimtn utbt Mvruy-Maktr"
217-219 Market Street Philadelphia

1,000 BOYS WANTED

TO GROW CORN $200.00 IN CASH PRIZES

OUR BIG TWENTIETH Annual Illustrated Catalog tells you all about it. It also
gives you full and accurate descriptions of all the seeds and cropB that grow. All our
seeds are fresh and new; grown in 1003 and guaranteed to grow. Our mall order prices,
postpaid are cheaper than others sell same seeds at wholesale. The catalog, a One af-
fair, mailed KREE to all who want to buy seeds of any sort. If you ouly mention thta
paper. Address.

RATEttlNS* SFF.D HOUSE,. Shenandoah. Iowa.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.

Write for Free Catalogue.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

When eorrwpondlng with omr adver-tliere alwayi mention the

SOUTHMPJ PLAWTEB

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

it From
Seed -Time .
Until Harvest

every growing plant takes its
food from the soil and exhausts it.
Restore this loss by using a fertil-
izer containing eight per cent, of

223

Pot

The "STAR"

or Fruits. Grain, Grass or Roots

Our Educational Books

are Sent Free on

Application

GERMAN KALI WORKS,

New York— 93 Nassau Street, or

Atlanta, Ga.— 22^ So. Broad St

The Corn Planter Made Es
pecially for Southern Corn and
Pea Planting.

fi^

CORN

SS-fc

REMEMBER-

PLAIN I bK We furnish them
with Hoe Opener
when desired.

It does, and does well, everything a planter should do.

Drills or drops at any distance any number of grains. It handles corn, peas, beans

etc., equally well.
Every grain is seen as it falls to the ground.

The planters are furnished with runner openers or shovel openers.
Thousands in use all over the South, and demand increasing every year.
As of all good things, there are imitations, but see that you get the GENUINE WITH OUR

NAME CAST ON THE TOP OF GRAIN HOPPER.
Don't be mislead by being told some other planter is just as good; pay more If necessary

and get a :"STAR."

ASHTON STARKE, Richmond, Virginia.

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

A MERE MATTER OF CURIOSITY.
He was a lone. lank countryman. He
entered the car. and took his seat next
to a well-dressed man of middle age.
who sat evidently absorbed In his
morning paper. Immediately h« had
seated himself be began a rapid Are of
questions directed at the gentleman
with the newspaper.

He asked him how many miles an
hour he thought the train could go at
Its full speed: and If he dldn t like
the looks of the country they were
passing through: and what he thought
of the chances for crops down his way;
and If he didn't think the trusts were
bleeding the country: and wasn t he
of the opinion that politics had gone
to the dogs, anyway, and the whole
land going to ruin; and didn't he think
that Grover Cleveland was the great-
est man that ever lived: and what was
his opinion in regard to the Spanish
war. At last the man with the news-
naper grew impatient.

•■My friend." he said. "*'ve answered
a number of your questions and now
tf you have no objections, I d like to
have a chance to read my paper.

"Sure" his Interrogator replied. I
won't bother you any more; but
■tranger, there's just one more ques-
tion I'd like to ask. Just answer me
this one. and I'll shut right up. I see
you've got just one lee How d the
other one come to be off?

"If I answer this, you'll promise not
to ask another question?"

"Sure" replied the countryman,
with an emphatic nod of the head.
"Well, then. I'll tell you. It was

The 'recipient of this piece of infor-
mation stared hard at the gentleman
with the newspaper, but he made no
comment. Finally the situation be-
came unendurable: he shifted rest-
lessly in his seat, and his breath came
hard. At length he rose, and started
down the aisle.

"I've given my word for it, ne
said "and I'm not the man as goes
back on his promise; but I'll be gol-
daraen If I wouldn't give a peck of the
best potatoes on my place to know
what it was this side of Perdition that
could have bit that man's leg off."—
March Woman's Home Companion.

REMUNERATIVE.

"Well Bobby, how do you like
church?" asked his father as they
walked homeward from the sanctuary,
to which Bobby had just paid his first
Tisit.

"It's fine!" ejaculated the young
man. "How much did you get,
father?"

"How much did I get? Why, what
do vou mean? how much what?" asked
the astonished parent at this evident
irreverence.

"Why, don't you remember when the
funny old man passed the money
around? I only got ten cents."—
March Llpplncott's.

Local agencies and complete repair atocks everywhere

MILWAUKEE

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, TJ. S. A.

Planet Jr. No. 4 is King.

Shown below on the left. It
plants in hills or drills. It is a H
the other and there's hardly a lirr
seed, covering, rolling, hoeing, c
throws earth to or from pi

outfit which every gardener ought to have. It is a seeder which
oe. Cultivator. Plow. Operator can quickly convert from one to
it to its separate duties, such as opening seed trench, droppme
Utivating. furrowing, ridging. Works between or aslr.de the
ingenious devices for sowing, marking, adjusting nan-

ruwb, [muwb en in ici ui Hum ['Lima, wiwi mecMiuua u>- . .....j .~. -.- -. -—

dies, etc Strong, durable, simple and light running enough for boys work.

Planet Jr. No 12

The other tool shown, hoes, cultivates and plows. It works between or astride the rows, and
throws earth to or from the plants. Wheels, frame and tools are most duraDly made, yet
of requsite lightness and ease of running. For a combination cultivating tool and
nicety of work its equal cannot be found. Write to-day for the rianet
Jr. 1904 Catalog. It shows the "Planet Jr." line, <
and Combined Seeders. Wheel Hoes. Hand Culti
ng Cultivators. Htrrcws, Cre ar.d 1

Cultivators. Beet Sugar Cultivators, etc. t

including 16 beautiful halftones showl

farm and garden scenes

Free for the
Asking.

S. I. Allen

ft Co*
Box 1107 X
Philadelphia.

I yy

THE GREAT WESTERN

Manure Spreader

"^"ENOLkSS APRON""

is thee..-, _
made that hi. . —
many advantages which i
■ idyl

possesses.

„. It's always

j the load without

gbaclt either by hand or complicated,

_.sily broken machinery. The front and rear
axles are of same length which, with the

i Broad Tins Prevents Rutting

of fields, meadows. -*-

LIGHT DRIFT. SPREADS 1LUI«DS40/uMMURE,w^

hulls.etc. Conbe ek«»»«d I.Mantly t..ye.* tklek .rt.ln w.ue

"•*""* -END gitemd beiter md mod protector hhwl

. and makes

i motto

3 -seed and

i1 POSITIVE fiMRTMTEE ""

t year

harge.

. __iwHlbe replaced...—
. utnloc,,c-thebestai.d most complete spre^r catalog ever puw.be. CHICAGO. I U-

SMITH MANURE SPREADER C0.16 * 18 S. CI.lr.TOII STREET. miiVAW, m.

SIlffFSS <£ Manure Spreader

%2 W \^\^L^J^J Rglfr .^jCWgfa Leads every other machine for

nd spreads evenly, thlcV or thin, broadcast or drills in rows, any (

largest load In 3 to 6 minutes; apron automatically returns to position in the neit 65 feet driven,

A SPECIAL FEATURED MACHINE

for convenience of handling und perfection of work- Notably superior In lis Beater
Heater Gear. Spe. d Reflation and Automatic Return of Apron. Positive and ricpenc
plestln (rear, lightest in draft, least chance for breakage. Tne driver never dUmou
trola everything from his seat. Made i n f-.ur stses and sold u nder 8tr-n(rent ,guarant.
ship and duty. Investigate fully before buying. Catalogue with valuable chapter on

KEMP 6. BURPEE MANUFACTURING CO. BOX a<)5.

Leads every other machine for
the mechanical spreading of
manure. Its superiority ap-
pears in the fact that it is a dis-
tinct improvement on the Kemp
Spreader, which we still manu-
facture and which has been the typi-
cal Spreader for 25 years. Spreads
anures of every character and
tion and all commercial fertil*
red quantity per acre, unloading tho

JVeeinr device. Direct Chain
ible in all movements. Sim-
its for any purpose but con*
p as to materials, wortcman-
farm fertillxing mailed free-

SYRACUSE. N. Y

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

225

WILKES.

NUTWOOD.

WEALTH, 295T9-RECORD 2.10

Sire Gambetta Wilkes, 2:10 J, the leading sire of 2:10 performers, leading sire of new standard per-
formers for 1902 and 1903, with total of 147 in 2 :30 list, one of the best sons of the immortal George
Wilkes, one of the founders of the American trotter.

Dam, Magnolia, by Norfolk, he by Nutwood, 2 :18|, sire of 178
and of dams of 170. The founder of one of the best families of
trotting bred horses, 2nd dam Beck Collins, dam of Choctaw, 2.30,
by Woodburn Hambletonian, 1639, 3rd dam, Rebecca (thorough-
bred), by Blucher. Wealth, 2:10, foaled 1897, is dark bay, 16
hands, weight 1,200 pounds, of beautiful shape, style and finish,
good disposition and commanding appearance. His breeding rep-
resents the cream of trotting families, he being a cross of the Wilkes
on Nutwood blood, with a strong thoroughbred foundation. Hia
record, 2 :10, is not his speed limit, as he has gone quarters and
even halves at a 2 minute gait. 1903 was his first season in the
stud, though he has sired a filly which trotted in 2:25 in her 2
year old form. Wealth will transmit his speed and style to his off-
spring. Mr. Cecil, owner of Gambetta Wilkes, in a letter dated January 14, 1904, says: "Wealth, 2:10,
is as sure to be a very great sire as we both live." Breed to him. Mares bred at $20. the season, with
usual return privilege. Mares sent me will receive best of care at $1.50 per month on grass, or if on grain
at actual cost.

S. F. CHAPM

CLIFTON FARM,

GORDONSVILLE, VA.

SIXTEEN PAGE
BOOKLET
MAILED
FREE.

BUG DEATH PAYS!!!

12.1-2 lb. Box $1.00; lOO lb. fteg $7.00. j
DUSTER FOR APPLYING DRY..25.,cts. ;

Extra yiel^l more than pays entire cost. Prevents blight, produces
better quality. CONTAINS NO ARSENIC— KILLS THE BUGS on
potato, ►quash and cucumber vines.

Kills current, gooseberry and tomato -worms, and all bugs that eat
the leaves of plants, trees or vines.

^4 HORSE POWER SPRAYER $65.00 HAND SPRAYER $15.0f

FOR APPLYING IN WATER.

DanfortK CHemical Co.,

^Manufacturers, Leominster, Mass.

PERCY L. BANRS, Manager NorfolK Branch, 4-1 Union St., Norfolh, Va.

AGRICULTURAL LIME

. . Car Lots or Less . .

PARIS GREEN ANY SIZE PACKAGE.

LAND PLASTER, BUILDING LIME, SPRAYERS.
write for pricks. FERTILIZERS AND SEED POTATOES.

T. C ANDREWS & CO., farm supplies, Norfolk; Virginia.

226

THE SOUTHEHN PLANTER.

[March,

BOBBY'S BARGAIN.

Henry and Bobby, ages eight and ten
respectively, were little boys who
thought and had tendencies. In con-
sequence of which, at times, they were
a source of great embarrassment to
their mother. Bobby, in particular,
had the moneymaking propensity. He
saved his pennies religiously, and his
eye was keen for a bargain.

One evening at dinner their father
had as a guest a gentleman who was a
great horseman. The boys listened at-
tentively to the conversation for
awhile, then Bobby opened fire with, —

"Say, Mr. Smith, can you buy a
borse for a hundred dollars?"

"Yes, Bobby," said Mr. Smith, •you
can."

"Can you get one for fifty dollars?"

"Yes."

"For twenty-five dollars?"

"Yes."

"For ten dollars?"

"Yes."

"For seven dollars?"

"Perhaps."

"Seven dollars, really?" said Bobby
wonderingly. "Would the horse be
awfully fast?"

"Well," said Mr. Smith, smiling,
"you would not be likely to get a Lou
Dillon or a Dan Patch, but the crea-
ture might be able to pull a plough."

Bobby thought for a moment; then,
"But, Mr. Smith, could a horse you
paid seven dollars for have a colt?"

"Possibly." said Mr. Smith gravely.

"I have seven dollars in the bank,"
continued Bobby; "I guess I'll get a
horse. For if a seven-dollar horse
could have a colt, and that colt have a
colt, and that colt have a — "

Bobby's mother and father and Mr.
Smith became seriously interested in
the salad: the youthful Henry began
to fidget; the embryo stock farm con-
tinued to grow — "and that colt have
a colt, and that colt have a colt, and
that colt — "

Henry could stand it no longer.
Turning to Bobby, he remarked in
a tone of impatience, "Say, as soon as
you think you have the worth of your
money would you mind passing the
bread?" — March I,lppincott's.

GOT WHAT THEY WANTED.

Over in the mosquito country an
old farmer died. He was reputed to
be rich. After his death, however, it
was found that he died penniless. His
■will was very brief. It ran as fol-
lows:

"In the name of God, Amen. There's
only one thing I leave. I leave the
earth. Mv relatives have always
wanted that. They can have it.

"Bill L. Indner."
— March Lipplncott's.

"After all." suggested the cheerful
one, "it may be a blessing in disguise."
"If so," returned the disgruntled one,
"I may say that I never saw a more
perfect disguise." — Washington Post.

GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED
STEEL BEAM

AND REPAIRS.

PLOWS

This far-famed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you Is worthy of all that
Is said in praise of It. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements,

You must save as well as make money.

Write for this FREE catalogue
at once.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season Is at hand. HEN

PRODUCTS higher than

ever. Our prices low. Write
for Free Catalogue.

I New Steel Roofing and Siding

Complete with nails and painted i ud on buth sides at

02.OO Per lOO Square Feet.

Most durable and economical roof covering made for houses, stores, barns, sheds, cribs.
poultry houses, etc., and a hnndred other purposes for inside or outside use; cheaper and
will last longer than any other coveriug. Sheets are 6 and 8 feet long.

We Pay the Freight

do.Thl9rn0A11it.tai2.00 per square Is our No. 10 (trade,

toall pointseaBtofColoradn.ThisrnoA111tnt412.no ptrsouarei

1 to lay; requires noexperienie, li'itehet or hammer the only too

Crlinped. Brick SldliiB and Beuded relllneor SldinB. Prices

Write

furniture. Imililiint imileriuls, wire, pi
ill kinds. We buv at sheriff*' mid receiver.' nil,-.

CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO., 35th and iron Sts., Chicago

CROP ESSENTIALS

are cultivation and keeping down weeds.
More important than deep cultivation is
keeping the surface stirred, breaking the
crust due to rains, and allowing the light,
air, moisture and warmth to penetrate
quickly to the roots of the growing plant.
For doin? just these things the ideal imple-
ment is the

If rVCTt^ M ET Adjustable Weeder
IVLIwIUIlL , and Shallow Cultivatop

It kil Ip the weeds at first showing, the top eoil Is pulverized and kept mellow, the plant roots are not
disturbed ami t beinoi>i i-uii is nut brought ti p to dry in the sun. Adjustable In width. Narrows to 30
Inches, widens to 7% loot. Strong and steady running. Furnished either with round teeth or with flat
to nuit different soils, n-> we am 1. censed to manufacture the famous Hal lock Mat tooth. Write today for
catalog and booklet of Held scenes showing halftone pictures from photographs of weeder In actual use*
Both free for the asking.

KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., 1554 N. Beaver St., York, Pa.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

227

A. C. SINTON. President.

R. R. GWATHMEY, Vice-President.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sts., Richmond, Va

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and
Harness. «£ *$ *$ <&

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dixie
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. Tu«
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cyclone
Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters. Daln Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman All-Steel. full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well
known Mlnnlch Brand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shellers. for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. PeerlosB
Engines and Saw Mills always in stock.
Several good second-hand Engines and other
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.

John Deere and Continental Disc Cultiva-
tors, Corn Planters, etc.RA full line of Plant,
Jr., Garden Tools. Your correspondence Is
solicited. We will mall copy of our Dew
catalogue upon application.

J. J. SUTTON, Secretary.

INCORPORATED 1893.

GEISER SAW MILL.

EXTENSION TOP SURREY.

FIREFLY OARDEN PLOW.

With and Without Fertilizer Attachment

The Spangler Planter has a side gear which
convenient and practical. The quantity of
corn to be dropped can be regulated Instantly
without changing the quantity of the fertil-
izer sown, or the quantity of the fertilizer
can be changed without affecting the corn
dropping, and either can be discontinued In
an Instant and not sow at all.

Hoo8ler Single and Double Row Planter,
made entirely of steel, exceut bandies— a very
durable machine— Black Hawk, and John
Deere single and double row planters.

TTTE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

228

DON'T BUY GASOLINE EHGINB^^™^^

a two-minder e.sollne enetne : superior to all one-cylinder engines. Coats

A two-CYlinder gasoline engine; superior to all one-cylinde
tpb.r. i«'f usefulness. Has nn vibration; can be mourned on anj ..6,
" sites 1J», 2, 2H, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and lo borse power

of engine required,
and 1Mb Sis.. «'H1'

,„„... 7os7s ..ss ,0 buy and l.» lo run X^oVon^nde'r^Si* " '"^"
*blZ%S£\lS%$£- srud^r^alogue"^^!^^ PCM? CO., .Uagb.r

UNDECIDED.

One day a certain Professor of Math-
ematics at O. University prepared to
eet out on a short journey on horse-
back. He was an absent-minded per-
son, and while saddling the animal
was thinking out some intricate prob-
lem. Some students stood near and
watched him abstractedly place the
saddle on hind-part-before.

"Oh Professor." exclaimed one of
the group, "you are putting the wrong
end of vour saddle foremost."

"Young man," replied the Professor
with some tartness, "you are entirely
too smart. How do you know it is
■wrong, when I have not yet told you
In which direction I intend to go?" —
March Lippincotfs.

HIS FATHER WOULDN'T LIKE IT

"Mister," said the little boy to the
farmer leaning over the fence, "the
mule has run away and spilt my load
o' hay. Won't you come and help me
put it on the wagon again?"

"I will." said the farmer, "if you
will come over here fuss an' he'p me
git ray cows out o' the pastur'."

"Oh," said the little boy. "I'm afraid
father' wouldn't like that?"

"Why wouldn't he?" growled the
farmer. . ...

"Decause," said the little boy, he
always taught me to look out for him

"where is your father?" asked the
farmer. ,,. ,

"Please, sir." said the little boy. he s
under the hay."— Silas Xavier Floyd,
In March Lippincott's.

A COLORED HIBERNIAN.

"Private" John Allen says that an
old darky preacher in Mississippi was
recently approached by a deason in
the church, who desired to ealn the
reverend gentleman's consent to his
daughter's marriage with him. the
deacon. ,. ..

"I doan' know 'buot dis, said the
preacher, dubiously. "You ain'st sech
a young man. deacon. I ain't_ shore
flat vou kin support mah chile!"

The deacon bridled. "Dere wont
be no trouble 'bout dat. sah!" he as-
serted, warmly. "I kin support her all

The minister reflected for a moment
"Has you eber seen my Chloe eat?"
he finally asked.

"I has. sah!" came from the suitor.

"But sah!" exclaimed the old
preacher, impressively, "has you eber
seen her eat when nobody was
a-watchln' her?"— March Woman's
Home Companion.

3HZES

■^n

Corn in the ear and aT grains, any sorter «, ft^"*™* For

speedy and perfect work, sarmg feed I and labor, ine

ah-purpo6e grinding null u) tue

UH SCIENTIFIC Sis

Mailed free. Write for it to-day.

THE FOOS MFG. CO.. Springfield. Ohio.

■■ir.i;iar.K'i.if-Airrir^'F,M;i'iiiH.,lV.,l'hlM3aB

300 Acres Under Cultivation.

W. T. HOOD & CO.,

Old Dominion Nurseries, Richmond, va.

OFFICE! CHAMBERLAYNE and RENNIE AVENUES.

Take Lakeside Car First and Broad St.. PHONE No. 2155.

Nurseries. DrooK Road Half Mile from City, and Hanover Co.

Wholesale and Retail Growers of ^jg^ G^g NuTSery StOClK,

Shade Trees, Lawn Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Etc.
FRUIT TREES.

AU th. Standard and New Yari.Me, We bar. experienced men to plant ™"£££X RT0Undi
wben desired. Shad. Tree, a Specialty. Catalogues Ha.led on Application.
AGENTS WANTED, Write for Terms. Liberal Commissions. (Mention this Paper.)

I SPRAY

u. mi

; of all Kinds

PUMPS!

in Stock.

The two illustrations above show the results of spraying potatoes rttheV6>
mn„tv«nerimpnt Station The spraved v lies Yielded at i he rate of IS 1 bushels
per k« while the unspravec I *nea yielded at the rate of 99* bushels per acre
n[itlere'uce of 191 'A bushels per acre. Then surely it pars to spray potatoes and
w a is true of this crop is also true of other crops, especially fruits. >P«JT«I
fruit 'yields more and sells better Water supply and plumbing systems. natalled.

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., (incorporated.)

Box 949 -.BBsaaa-ns— •^RICHMOND, VIRQ1NIA.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

229

Perfected Implements for Spring Work.

To get the beet results prepare your

land with the WATT, CROWN or

CRESCENT PLOW, made In sixteen

sizes and adapted to every variety of

work in all kinds of soil. Guaranteed

to be the best general purpose plows

made and sold subject to approval by

trial.

OUR ROAD PLOWS will enter hard

ground when no other will. •

DISC HARROWS with or without
solid steel weight boxes. Most dura-
ble bearing with oil reservoir direct-
ly over axle free from dust and clog-
ging. Anti Friction Rollers. Adjust-
able Seats. Easy to handle. Light in
draft.

ALL STEEL LEVER HARROWS
made up of sections of 25 teeth each.
Instantly adjusted straight or slanting
by lever.

THE EMPIRE CORN PLANTER
with or without fertilizer attachment
The Lightest Planter Made. Plants
any quantity and distance accurately.

DOTTBLE ROW PLANTER with or
without Check Rower, Drill and Fer-
tilizer attachments. Adjustable in
width, distance of drop and quantity.

DISC CULTIVATORS and HAR-
ROW combined. Made of steel and
malleable Iron. Light Draft, Great
Strength, High Steel Arch, Steel Axle,
Steel Wheels, adjustable in width.
Discs adjustable in depth and at any
angle.

WALKING AND RIDING CULTI-
VATORS with four, six or eight shov-
els and spring teeth.

FARM WAGONS built of air-dried
timber and all material the best that
can be procured.

IRON AGE PATTERN CULTIVA-
TORS and HARROWS, MALTA DOU-

7*1 F SHOVEL PLOWS. THE NEW MOL1NE.

IMPERIAL ONE HORSE WAOON. BLb bUUVlib ru/na.

wfftifrs ffrtttt'/FR DISTRIBUTORS FIELD ROLLERS with solid Steel Heads, BALING PRESSES for Hand or
SSSrSS^S:^ HOLLERS, THRESHERS, ENGINES, SAW MILL*, GRINDING
MILLS, &C, &C. Write for Prices.

13 So. Fifteenth Street,
Between Main and Cary.

Established by
GEO. WATT, 184-0.

THE CALL-WATT CO.,

MANFRED CALL, Gen'l Manager.

RICHMOND, VA.

230

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[March,

The following Hat of pipers and periodical!
are the most popular ones Id this section.
We eaa SAVE YOU MONEY on wkaterer
Journal you wish:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Times-Dispatch. Richmond. Va So WtSN

The Post, Washington. D. C » CO ( 00

The Sun. Baltimore, Md ] 00 t 40

News-Leader. Richmond. Va J 00 S 00

THI-WEEKLT.

The World (thrice-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 100 1 4f>

Monteomery Advertiser 100 1 (V

Nashville American BO 75

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 36

Breeder's Gatetts 2 00 1 7r

Heard's Dairyman 100 135

Country Gentleman 150 175

Rellgloua Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 2"

Times- Dispatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 1 25

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 2^

3 00

Horseman j 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 75

Dairy and Creamery 50 75

Commercial Poultry 50 75

All three 1 50 1 15

North American Review 6 00 5 00

The Century Magarlne 4 00 4 25

8t- Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Forum Magazine 300 3 25

8crtbner's Magazine SOO 3 25

Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan Magazine 100 136

Everybody's Magazine 100 135

Munsey Magazine 100 135

Strand Magazine 1 25 1 (5

McClure'a Magazine 100 136

Argosy Msgazlne 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 2 50 2Tt

Blooded Stock (a |g

Successful Farming 100 TJ

Southern Fruit Grower H (6

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of the publications named, you can ar- j
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 1
Ing 50 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of tbe other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion desired: we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periodicals.

Seed House of the South.

JAPAN
BUR

CLOVER,
CLOVER,

RED TOP or

HERDS QRASS,

TALL MEADOW

OAT GRASS,

BUCKWHEAT,
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

* *■ £> WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, •*

vt-^'k^^k^'k^rk^k'k^k'^k^'k^k'k'k^k "trtrtritiMriHr

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.
Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and

Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees,

Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens,

Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc

Apples,
Pears,
Peach,
Plum,
Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE

. . AGENTS WANTED.
FRANKLIN DAVIS'tNURSERY CO.,

Baltimore, Md.

/ —^v^v— f,*f-'*T',*p',t^!"

■■■

4>

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

231

TRAIN-LOAD OF MANURE SPREADERS— 40 CARS.

On the last day of the old year, December 31st, 1903, there was made
from the city of Syracuse, N. Y., the largest individual shipment ever
made from that city, and the largest shipment of manure spreaders ever
made in the world. It was a train load of 40 cars, 1,800 feet long, of "Suc-
cess" Spreaders, the new machine of the Kemp & Burpee Mfg. Co., of Syra-
cuse. The photograph from which the above half-tone was made was taken
just west of Syracuse, when the train had got under way on its journey
Into the Great West. The train of 40 cars, containing 500 Spreaders, and
moved by three engines, ran solid over the Lackawanna, Nickel Plate and
St. Paul railroads to the Mississippi river, where it was divided, part going
to the John Deere Plow Company, at Omaha, and the remainder to the
Deere & Webber Co., at Minneapolis. The train was bannered from end to
end, and ran only in the daytime. Great interest was manifested in the
unique shipment all along the route. The value of the load was given as
$55,000; the freight bill was $5,400. The Success Spreader is a distinct im-
provement in several particulars on the celebrated Kemp Spreader, manu-
factured by the same Company, and which has become a familiar sight on
farms in nearly every section of the country. The shipment marks the limit
of capacity of the enlarged Kemp & Burpee factories for fifteen days. The
signal apreciatlon of the new Success Spreader, wherever its advantages are
known, is shown Dy the fact that another shipment of like character to
other western points is to be made the latter part of this month.

PASSIVE CHRISTIANITY.

"Little boy," Inquired the minister,
who had called to see the man of the
house, "Is your father a Christian?"

"Yes," replied the boy, "I think he.
is, but I don't believe he Is working at
it these days." — March Lippincott's.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. p. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth. $1.00: Paper. 60c.

We offer thta »plen<1ld work In connec-
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume, $1.25.
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c.
Old or a#w eabarriptlona.

CHAMPION

FAMOUS MFG CO,

'22 Railroad Ave.

EAST CHICAGO

INDIANA

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, mc

TELEPHONE 507.

WHOLESALE
AND RETAIL

Grocers, Feed and Liquor Dealers,

1724 E. MAIN SfREET, RICHMOND, VA.

r r r *•

Best Timothy Hay, per hundred .90e.

No. 1 Mixed Hay, per hundred 90c.

Good Corn, per bushel 60c

Good Oats, per bushel 52c.

Best Meal, 18c. peck ; or, per bushel 70c.

Ship Stuff, $24 per ton; or, per hundred $1.25

Bran, $23 ton; or, per hundred 1.20

Pride of Bichmond Flour, per barrel 5.75

Daisy Flour, per barrel 5.50

Silver Leaf Lard, Pure, per pound lie.

New Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c.

Lake Fish, 2 dozen for 25c.

Good Salt Pork, per pound 8c. and 9c.

Large Cans Peaches, per can 12c.

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c.

Small Cans Tomatoes, per can 6c.

o Plugs of Grape, Peach, Plum, Apple, Eey-

nold, S. C. Tobaccos for 25c.

Old Crown Eye, per gallon $3.00

Old Keystone Bye, per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Eye, per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Eye, per gallon 1.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c.

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

We have a full line of Groceries, Wines, Liquors
and Feed. If you 'don't see what you want, write for
prices. Jugs, 10c. extra per gal. These prices are
subject to market changes, and cash in advance be-
fore goods are shipped.

232

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[March,

WHEN MANDY STARTS TO WASH.

When Mandy sets the b'iler on,

An' hustles up th' fire.
An' starts a-stirrin' up of starch

An' hists 'er sleeves up higher,
W'y, then you know th' war is on.

It ain't no time to josh,
Th' on'y thing to do is — git.

When Mandy starts to wash.

Cold beans an' bread an' coffee's all

I'll git to eat that day.
An' 'tain't no use to stay eround

An' git in Mandy's way,
Fer then she'll set me hard at work

A-rinsin' out — kersplosh
Ye can't stay round th' house an' shirk

When Mandy starts to wash.

An' so I kinder hem eround

'At my terbaccer's out,
Fer down at Job's (th' corner-store)

Th' boys all set about
A-loukin' jest as sheepish-like

An' chawin' crackers — Gosh!
I ain't the on'y shiftless one

When Mandy starts to wash.

'Nen I go amblin' down th' road,

A-feelin' sneaky-like,
To jine in with th' other boys

'Al's sorter out on strike;
A feller can't help feelin' mean

'S long 's he can't josh,
Th' on'y thing to do is — git.

When Mandy starts to wash.
Grace G. Bostwick, in March Lippin-

cott's Magazine.

The strongest magazine novel of the
month is by all odds that published in
Lippincott's called "A Provident Wo-
man." This is written by Neith
Boyce, author of "The orerunner,"
and it opens in a New York business
office at a critical time for Cecilia
Clayber. Her beauty and undeviating
calmness in all circumstances so com-
pel the admiration of her employer,
Frederick Hawley, widower and mil-
lionaire merchant, that he asks her to
become his wife. His doctor has im-
parted to him the information that he
may drop dead at any time, which
news naturally shatters his nerves and
makes him feel that Cecilia is a veri-
table rock on which to lean. She ac-
cepts her new role characteristically
and they spend the honeymoon in Eu-
rope. There had been a budding love-
affair between Cecilia and one of her
mother's boarders, and when she re-
turns to New York the erstwhile lover
reappears unde r other conditions
which add zest to the tale.

The March number contains eight
short slories. Baroness von Hutten
has never been more charming than
in her contribution entitled "Accord-
ing to Lady Moyle: About Jessica Win-
nock." "Mrs. McOstrlch Gives a
Party," by J. J. Bell, equals in humor
— and perhaps surpasses — anything
which has yet been told about "Wee
Macgreegor."

Uncle Sam says it's
all right

Uncle Sam. In the person of ten of bis rovernment officials, is always In charee of every
department of our distillery. Durlnr tbe entire process of distillation, after the whiskey
is stored in barrels in our warehouses, during the seren years it remains there, from the
very grain we buy to the whiskey you eet, Uncle Sam is constantly on the watch. We dare
not take a gallon of our own whiskey from our own warehouse unless he says It's all right.
And when he does say so. that whiskey goes direct to you, wlthall its original strength, rich-
ness and flaror, carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARAN-
TEE of PURITY and AGE, and saving the dealers' enormous profits. That's why
HAYNER WHISKEY Is the best for medicinal purposes. That's why it is preferred for
other uses. That's why we bave orer a Quarter of a million satisfied customers. That's
why YOU should try it. Your money back if you're not satisfied.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dealers' Profits! Prevents Adulteration I ""

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $0:22 EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HATNER'S SEVZN-
YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and
if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense, and your 13.20 will be
returned to you by next mail. Just tbink that offer over. How could It be
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied, you are not out a cent. Better let
us send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a
f rieud to join you. We ship in a plain sealed case, no marks to show what's
inside.

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Ner„ N.Mex., Ore. , Utan, Wash,
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for M.OO by F.xpr-eas
Prepaid or SJO Quarts for SI COO by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

AilANTAi GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN.

153 DlSTELLEKT, TBOT, O. E3TABLJJHSD 1866

ii iii iiiiwan»g»»Ma— s— a^s—

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THR0UG1 ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis,' Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton—

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT Anti:°Z Xr&lzl" ROUTE.

To STAUNTON, LVSCHBl'HG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, den. Pass. Atf. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

233

NOT THE LIMIT.

Signor Zanetti, the magician, had
been displaying his dexterity to an in-
terested crowd of spectators in a Ken-
tucky town. Stepping forward, he
eaid:

"For my next trick I will require
a small flask of whiskey. Will some
gentleman in the audience accommo-
date me with the loan of a pint flask?"
No one stirred. The magician was
plainly nonplussed. With an appeal-
ing gesture he said:

"I had received a different impres-
sion than this as to Kentucky customs.
Perhaps you did not understand me?
Will some gentleman kindly loan me
a pint flask of whiskey?"

Again there was no response, and,
briefly apologizing, the magacian said
he would be compelled to omit this
from his repertory for that night. He
was turning again to his table when
a tall, lank man in the rear of the hall
rose.

"Mistah," said he. "would a quart
flask do as well?" producing a bottle
of that capacity.

"Just as well, sir," replied Zanetti.

And every gentleman in the house

rose with that size flask extended. —

H. I. Dobbins, in March Lipplncott's.

A Washing Machine is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Yourname on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
■ix different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in
grooves — our patent. Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenwarc in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS. Richmond, Va.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

GOT HIS SHARE.

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
Capital Stock, - - - $200,000.00

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445 75

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond aDd Commonwealth

of Virginia.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this

Bank offers superior facilities for direct and quick collections.

JNO. P. BRANCH,

President.

JNO. K.BRANCH,

Vlce-PreiMdent.

JOHNF.GLKSN,

c,»«hter

Back in the seventies, when Dewey
bad command of a ship of the old
Hartford type, he was lying in the
harbor off Oenoa. Visitors were al-
lowed on board at all times except
Sunday morning, at which time in-
spection took place. One Sunday a
well-known American millionaire
steamed out with a party of friends in
his private yacht and succeeded in
getting on deck, where he was met by
Captain Dewey, who asked him to
leave. Mr. Money remonstrated, and.
finally, exasperated by the cool firm-
ness of the officer, he burst out:

"No, sit. I won't leave. I am an
American citizen, and have a perfect
right on this vessel. I pay taxes in
America; I am on my own property;
part of this ship belongs to me!"

Calmly Dewey opened his pen-knife,
stooped down, and snllt off a piece of
the deck flooring. Handing It to the
incensed American citizen he re-
plied,—

"There's about what you own, and
there's the ladder — now git!"

And he got. — March Lippincott's.

Farms Steadily Improved and Crops Doubled

is the verdict of customers who use

MAPES MANURES.

MAPES MANURES are made from Animal Bone and other
High Grade Materials and not only increase the crops, but
improve the mechanical condition and permanent
productiveness of the soil. This is the great advantage
Animal Bone Ba9is Fertilizers have over those made with Acid
Phosphate as a basis. See page 76 of Wood's Seed Book, or send
for special circular about Mapes Manures. Prices quoted on request.

T. W. WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen, Richmond, Va.

"I suppose," said the condoling
neighbor, "that you will erect a hand-
some monument to your husband's
memory?"

"To his memory!" echoes the tear-
ful widow. "Why, poor John hadn't
any. I was sorting over some of the
clothes he left to-day and found the
pockets full of letters I had given him
to mall."

There is an old negro living in Car-
rolltou who was taken ill several days
ago and called in a physician of his
race to prescribe for him. But the old
man did not seem to be getting any
better and finally a white physician
was called. Soon after arriving, Dr.
S felt the negro's pulse for a mo-
ment and then examined his tongue.
"Did your other doctor take your tem-
perature?" he asked. "I don't know,
sah," he answered feebly. "I hain't
missed anything but my watch as yit,
boss."

A Christian Scientist, a friend of
Dr. Herbert W. Spencer, used to scoff
at medicine. "You're convinced that
you can do anything through faith,"
said Dr. Spencer. "Yes," he replied,
"faith will remove mountains." A
week later, with a swollen face and in
great suffering from the toothache, he
entered the doctor's office and asked
for relief. "Have you tried faith?"
said Dr. Spencer. "You know faith
will remove mountains." "Oh. but
this is a cavity, doctor, this 1» a cav-
ity."

234

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

[March,

HAWKEYE INCUBATOR FACTS.

Among the many incubators on the
market to-day the Hawkeye, manufac-
tured by the Hawkeye Incubator Com-
pany at Newton, la., is certainly very
popular. This machine counts its suc-
cess from the beginning, and the rea-
son is apparent. None but the best
material is used in the construction;
skilled workmen are employed in
every department; one part of the
machine is made as carefully as an-
other; and no expense is spared to
keep it at the high standard it has
attained through its excellence and
superiority. The hatching record of
the Hawkeye stands out unparalleled
by anv other machine.

This company aims to be always
fair and just toward its patrons. This
is evident in their trial plan, in which
they offer to send an incubator and
allow the customer to test it thorough-
ly 30 days. If not satisfied at the end
of that time, their money is refund-
ed. However, it is a rare thing for a
customer to ask this, simply because
all their goods are first-class. This is
an unequaled record.

The Hawkeye Incubator Company is
doing a larger business this season
than ever before, which attests the
popularity of their machines. Any
reader of the Southern Planter who
has not received a copy of their hand-
some catalogue, should write for it —
it is free.

> THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE

INVESTMENTS

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
' THE FRUIT GROWER,
TO~, m>- THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and wher*
large profits can be realized interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway trareries eiz Southern States and a
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE,
Gen. Industrial Agt„ Portsmouth, Va.

EOW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

♦Traffic Mgr. ^Gsn. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, 'Vi

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

Boutturn Planter.

■;-;■■:■■:„; ;,;„;.,;;, ;„;,;, ■ I--1-I— 1-I--I--1--1-I-I- -3- -I--l--;-I— I-I-I-I--I— I-I— I-I--I--I--l--I-t-I— 1— I-l-I- -I-I--1 •M-M-I-M-I"!' H"H' !■ M-M-M M-1-M-I-f

PLANTERS

CARDWELL'S, EUREKA and CENTENNIAL FERTILIZER ATTACHMENT
are the best, therefore they are the [cheapest ■

They Plant CORN, BEANS, ENSILAGE CROPS,
and distribute FERTILIZER any distance apart,
and any quantity.

We make THRESHERS, HORSE POWERS, PEANUT MACHINERY, \\
STRAW CUTTERS, WELL FIXTURES, and all implements
formerly made by H. M. SMITH CQ. CO.,
and J. W. CARDWELL CO- CO.

THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va. ji

■II I I M-H I M-l-l-H I I I I I I I I 1 II i 1 I I-I-I 1111 l-MI I l"l-M I I I I I 1-M I I I I 1 M I I I I 1 I 1 I 1 I I r l I I 1 I 4

100-1.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

236

AN INFERENCE.
"She is extremely intellectual!"
"Great Scott! is she as thin as all
that?" — March Woman's Home Com-
panion.

The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG

and POTOMAC R..R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON

LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.
Between all Points via Richmond, Va.
Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P TAYLOR. Traffic Manager.

THE LOST "H's" BEWILDERED
HIM.

A member of the Bar of Great
Britain, with a pronounced Cockney
accent, once appeared before Justice
Lawrence, of the Criminal Court. In
the course of his remarks the advocate,
who was appearing for the prosecution
in a case evolving the theft of a
halter, constantly alluded to the article
of equine equipment as an 'alter. Jus-
tice Lawrence, unable to stand it fur-
ther, called before him the clerk of
assize and asked, in perfectly serious
tones, albeit with a certain twinkle of
his eye:

"Is this the Crown court?"

"Why, yes, my lord," answered the
bewildered officer.

"Thank you; I am right, after all. I
thought, perhaps, I had found my way
into an ecclesiastical tribunal." — Suc-
cess.

"Who's the slowest man you ever I
knew?"

"A chap in New York. He fell out
of a third-story window and did not
reach the ground for an hour."

"How was that?"

"He caught in a tree at the second
story and went in to visit some
friends."

MAYFLOWER 6IRL

9

Larkspur. NaBturtiui
Everlasting, Gluxinit

«)ir PACKAGES

AND BULBS

MAILED
FREE

fM 1 package each of Evening
/J Primrose, Munkey Vine, Bal-

| loon Vine, Buby Breath, Blue
Belle of Scotland, Eastern

\ Star, Petunia. Mixed Daisy,

' Mixed Aeten^Betro ma. Mixed
Poppy, Mignonette, Calliop-
eie. Portiilacii, Sweet Peas,
Cypress Vine. Pansy (mixed*,

i, Sunflower. Salvia, Balaam,

i Wild Flower.

15*

25 BULBS ■■...

2 Hyacinth, 1 Tuberose, 1 Mayflower Lil
Lily. 1 Jericho, flowerfl in ten mi nut
Mixed Bulbs from Philippine Islands,
^~T\ /1/^s-IY Hogging jjaeketj

*^!r; CtS^V lm!"' '■"'lection of 25 pack.

»Onn ^SmHL***. Oh.-ice Flower Seeds
S»SMlX*3$ «r or 8 two cent stamp.

W. J. CARTER, [."BROAD ROCK.-]

TURF JOURNALIST.

Address P. O. Box 929,

Richmond, Va,

Pedigrees traced and tabulated, stud circulars prepared,
special attention paid to registration matters.
Representing the ....

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va,

Southern Planter, Richmond, Va,

Sports of the Times, New York etc., etc.

CHORISTER

FALSETTO-ADDIE C.

"One of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America and
a sure success as a getter of race horses." — Major Dainger-
field.

Standing \%% and weighs 1,300 lbs. He held the world's
record for a mile as a 3 year old and is the sire of "Corrus-
cate" who holds the mile record for Canada 1.38^. Alibis
get win and are racing up to 8, 9 and 11 years of age, and
won $30,000 in 1902.

Fee $i0 00 cash "approved half bred mares $20 00 "**"

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes
but no responsibility assumed for any that may occur.

For further particulars apply to D. K. KERR, Manager
Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va.

KELLY, 22283* Record, 2:27.
Sire of McChesney, 2:16)4, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expressive 3, 2:12J; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, sec-
ond dam, Colisseum, by Colossus.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
grand size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

FEE, $25 the season.

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

GREAT STAKES, 2552 J.

Record, 2:20.

Sire of Captain. 2.1CJ; Foxhall, 2.191, etc. Bay horse,
by Billy Thornhlll. 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by Sweep Stakes,
293. Fee, $25.00 the season.

W. H. NELSON, 1428 East Franklin St., Richmond, Va.

BURLINGAME 26235.

Record, 2:!8#.

Brown horse, by Guy Wilkes, 2:155, dam Sable, dam of
Sable Wilkes, 2:18, etc.. by The Moor, 870.
N. B. — Very fast and a great show hone.
FEE, $25.00.

LISSAK, Day horse, by Burlingame, dam Helice, dam of
Clarion, 2:151, by Norval, 2:145.
FEE, $15.00. Address,

SPRING GARDEN FARM,
Cool Well, P. O., Amherst Co., Va., or

ROBT. TAIT Norfolk Va.

236 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [March,

A LIBERAL OFFER.

3 Months Trial Subscription

==• *

*

- TO THE= |

I Southern Planter

Por 10XENTSl.bR. 3 For 25 CENTS.

*

T

lib

Thisjliberal offer should belJaccepted by thous- J
ands Jwho are not now readers.
Send in at once.

< »

:: The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. *

:: ::

WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE

WHEN AN

55 INCH.

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN
WIRE FENCE

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN
LESS COST?

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices.

The Thomas Disc Harrow

is made with patent self oiling boxes which exclude all dirt

from the bearings, and makes them much more desirable than

\ harrows with the old style boxes. Frames are all steel. Fur-

y nished with 8, 10 or 12 discs and with discs 16, 18 or 20

inches in diameter.

STEEL FRAME LEVER
SMOOTHING HARROWS.

All sizes for one, two or
three horses

WOOD FRAME SMOOTH-
ING HARROW for one or
two horses.

THE EVANS STEEL FRAME CORN PLANTER

with hoe, discs or runners, drops accurately any desired dis-
if ,, tance. Furnished with or with-

out fertilizer attachment.

EVANS TWO ROW CHECK
OR DRILL PLANTER has pos-
itive force feed, and never misses
a hill. Send for special catalogue
and prices.

Buggies, Carriages, Harness, Robes, Steel Skein Farm Wagons, Corn Shellers, Feed Cutters,
Grain Drills, Wood Saws. All kinds of Agricultural Implements and machines. Catalogue
on application.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

T± Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

'T'HIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in Virginia, in death claims
■*■ alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-«« mTHE best company for the policyholder.— w»-

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

1 <™< East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. Ii you wiflh fat and smooth Cattle and healthy

DIXIE CONDITIO!* POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nee
J3ISIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT- Beet on earth for Man or
Boast. Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere.

-OWENS ft MINOR DRUG CO., Richmond, Va

- -;A*./*^%»^^*»%V%*^)»A^^**\***MSA^/W>*^***A***VVVV

The Trap Has Been Set, Bu' ,he Farmers "Are "" "> »■

THEYI ARE=
GOING TO

+ — IN 1904^*

w THE WALTER A. WOOD MACHINES.

Why?

Because

It is the Best Machine made.
It belongs to no combination.
Its Repairs Cost Less.
It Trusts Only in its Super-
iority.

The Wood Binders, Reapers,
Steel Hay Rakes, ladders,
Corn Harvesters, Knife
Grinders — the world knows
and the world endorses.

Send for Special Catalogue.

WALTER A. WOOD MOWING and REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN P. KLLETT, President. WM. M. HI IX, Cashier.

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS- $240,000*
RICHMOND- - - " VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Sou souther Planter

DEVOTE

D,

ND PROGRESSIVE A<
<INQ, LIVE STOCK A}

OURNAL

Practical ana

'ture is the nurs.ng mother ofTnCUlttire, Horticulture,

_, % . »nd pasturage are the two br « j « r-». . .

Trtickirk- and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORThR,chm°nd* Ap*ET, RICHflOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUbJ"^1 iYlanaj,Y>

Proprietors.

J. F. JACKSUIN, fcditor ana General Manager.

Vol. 65.

APRIL, 1901

No. 4.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 237

Draining with Poles 240

Value of Lime as an Improver of Land 240

Editorial — Ninety-five Bushels of Corn to the

Acre 242

Saving Cow Pea Hay 243

Cow Peas for Fertilizing Purposes 243

Some Notes by the Way 244

Farming as a Business 245

Improved Machinery vs. Common Labor 246

Sacchaline 247

Notes 247

Sweet Potato Culture

Broomsedge — Japan Clover

Seed Corn 248

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 269). 249

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month 255

The Bitter Rot of Apples. .' 255

Strawberry Culture 257

Asparagus From Seed 258

Fertilizer for Oats 258

"to t a

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Hay Substitutes for Stockfeeding 259

Some Predisposing Causes of Disease Among

Horses and Cattle 261

Hampshire Downs in Virginia 262

Sheep Parasites — Stomach Worms 262

Ewe Disowning Lamb 264

Texas Fever 264

THE POULTRY YARD:

The Turkey Outlook 265

™° »— * 'Ireeds to Keep 265

,q aoiaumo

THE HORSE:

Notes 266

MISCELLANEOUS:

Virginia Polytechnic Institute 267

Eastern and Western Methods 267

Beef Cattle for Southside Virginia 268

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

i-i iri i.i»i-:~i-i-i»i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i'i ■i-ii-i-i-i-i-i-i-x-i-i-i-i

PLANTfc

iial Life Insurance

>, $178,000,000. PURELY Y

kne and a half millions in Virgin^.

"oniise of a single policy. It ha .

CARDWELL'S, EUREKA andlCE^p furnished °as references, tor ATTACHMENT

are^tKe best, tKerefry one contemplating life insu.pest

They PlantCORN, BW for the policyholders,
and distribute FERT : *£»* 'or,v'rgin'al ""'apart,

— 1201 East Main Street. r

and any quantity.

We mahe THRESHERS, HORSI" AND SLE^UTIMACHINERY,

STRAW CUTTERS, WEH„bie reeult of giving ond all implements

formerly made by 7DERS- u *oxx ^fH CO. CO.

and J. W. CJ

give

NIP

a CO.

iiTHE CARDWELL MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

. .miH-i-i-i-n m m m-m i >i i n in ^^■^^-l-H-l■l-M-^"I■l-^■^^■^l■■H■^■^^■l^l"^^^l"H-^-^■I■^^■^■l■^■I imin \iy\A-

WAGONS and BUGGIES

MADE

RIGHT HERE

AT HOME

BY

The BARBOUR BUGGY CO.,
The HUGHES BUGGY CO.,
The VIRGINIA WAGON CO.

These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere; material and
workmanship unsurpassed ; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time,
money and freight by purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues.
Drop in our warehouse and inspect our stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered.

AGENTS JOR DECKING MACHINES.

RICHMOND BUGGY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

W. G. ADAMS, Sales Manager.

All of Virginia.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, April, 1904.

No. 4.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The long, severe winter which we have had has at
length broken, and we are having at last something
like normal spring weather, though the winds are
still cold and night frosts are not yet a thing of the
past. The land is still very cold from the abnor-
mal coolness of the weather for the past six months,
and fall planted crops have not yet made much sign
of growth. This, however, cannot long continue,
as the sun is now acquiring much power and is ex-
ercising its beneficent influence over a twelve hour
day. The absence of the normal rainfall which has
continued for six months and even longer in many
sections of the South, causes the land to be ill sup-
plied with the necessary moisture required to per-
fect the growth of the summer crops, and unless we
have good spring rains is going to exercise the good
judgment of farmers in the matter of cultivation to
conserve all the moisture possible during the sum-
mer months. Whilst this absence of moisture in the
soil is fraught with danger to the subsequent growth
of crops, yet at present it is a great help to farm-
ers, as it will permit of the breaking of land, much
of which work usually done in the late fall and
winter months had to be left undone at that time
in consequence of frost in the land. A few days
ago we had a gentleman in the office from middle
Virginia, who is the owner of a large farm, who
stated that he had noted as a fact unparalleled in
his observation in this State, that a piece of land
with a northern exposure on his place had been hard

frozen from the second week in November to the
second week in March. In the face of conditions
like these but little of our usual winter work has
been practicable, and now a late spring is going to
crowd the work of preparing the seed bed for the
crops into a very short space of time if they are to
be planted at the best time for their success. We
would urge upon every farmer the importance of not
losing a moment of time in getting and keeping the
teams at work. They have had a long rest and should
be in good shape for working from sun up to sun
down. Keep them to this schedule as long as weather
permits. It is too late to turn more than a very little
of the subsoil on to the surface, as it cannot receive
the necessary ajration to make available the plant
food in it, but it is not too late to use the subsoil
plow after the turning plow and thus to make it
possible for the roots to work their way downward
and utilize the moisture which a deep soil will
conserve as it falls on the land. In this issue will
be found an article from Dr. Fisher, of Richmond
county, Va., in which he describes how he made
nearly 100 bushels of corn to the acre in an unfavor-
able season. In that article he lays great stress on
the value of subsoiling, and incidentally explains
the implement he used as a subsoiler and which is
already in the hands of most farmers. Where this
is not the case, and no subsoil plow is at hand, use
a single tooth cultivator to break the subsoil. As
the land is broken run a harrow over it the same
day, if possible, and thus make a partial mulch to

238

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Aprilt

conserve the moisture until time can be found to fit
it for planting. Should dry weather continue it
will be found of great service to run over land in-
tended to be plowed and planted with a disc or cuta-
way harrow. This will prevent baking of the sur-
face and keep the land in a condition to be plowed
and worked much longer than if nothing is done.
Almost every year we have complaints that some
land gets too hard to plow before it can be rea"hed.
This hardness can be deferred to a much later period
by the use of the disc, cutaway or even a heavy drag
harrow. With the hot season so near upon us it
will be necessary to avail ones self of every device
which will permit of continuous working in the land
if a normal acreage of crops is to be planted.

The seeding of the spring oat crop has been much
delayed, and there are yet many farmers who have
not got a seed sowed. To these we would say aban-
don the crop for this year except in the mountain
sections of the western parts of this and the adjoin-
ing coast States. In the middle and coast sections
much better returns can be got from the land in the
way of feed for stock by planting forage crops after
the corn crop has been planted than can be got from
an oat crop seeded now and time will thus be got to
break and fit land and plant corn, cotton, and to-
bacco crops in due season. Spring oats, except in
the mountain sections of the South, are at best an
uncertain crop, and it is folly to sacrifice time in
seeding such a crop after March, when a crop like
corn, which is practically a certainty, should be
going into the ground.

The work of preparing the land for the corn crop
should be that to which undivided attention should
first be given. The most important thing in the
work of growing corn is the fitting of the seed bed,
and until this matter receives more attention at the
hands of Southern farmers we shall never see such
yields as our lands are capable of making. Every
day we are in receipt of letters from farmers asking
what fertilizer to use and what quantity to apply
per acre to make a maximum crop of corn. We are
of opinion, and this opinion is based on practical
knowledge of growing crops, and on a close con-
sideration of hundreds of experiments made in the
different corn State?, that not the quality or quan-
tity of fertilizer used, but the degree of prepared-
ness of the land planted is the basis of success in corn
production. We doubt much whether without per-
fect preparation of the land before the crop is plant-

ed the use of any kind or quantity of fertilizer will
have much influence on the yield produced. With
good preparation we know that the application of a
complete fertilizer will have some influence on the
quantity produced, but in very few of the experi-
ments made has it been found profitable to apply
fertilizer to the corn crop. The increased yield
secured has rarely paid for the fertilizer applied.
There is, however, no reason whatever why a better
yield than 20 bushels to the acre, which is about the
average in this State, should not be made without
the use of a pound of fertilizer directly on the crop.
The land should be filled with vegetable matter
(humus) derived from crops of peas, soy beans,
vetches and crimson clover, and to secure heavy
crops of these acid phosphate should be applied,
and a dressing of lime be given after the crop or the
stubble has been plowed down. When the land has
been filled with vegetable matter it becomes capable
of holding moisture, and will not bake or crust over,
and then if plowed deeply in the fall or winter and
worked into a fine mellow seed bed in the spring
there is no reason why from 50 to 75 bushels, and
even 100 bushels, of corn to the acre may not be
produced without any further application of fer-
tilizer. The heaviest corn crops have always been
produced on deeply broken and finely worked soil,
and not on the land where reliance has been placed
solely on the fertilizer applied. What we would
most strongly urge is that no effort be spared to se-
cure a deep and finely broken seed bed before a
grain of corn is planted, and that only land in at
least a fair state of fertility be prepared for the
crop. It is folly to plant corn on land so poor that
it cannot at best be expected to make more than
10 to 15 bushels to the acre. There can be no profit
in such farming. Select land that has been in sod,
if no land which has grown peas is available, and on
this sod put all the coarse farm yard manure that
can be secured. Corn is a plant with a vigorous root
system, and one capable of utilizing plant food in a
much coarser form than many other crops. It
forages widely for its support if only the soil be
finely enough" broken to allow the roots to penetrate
it. Of course, in thus advising we have reference
to the uplands of the South. On the river low
grounds all that is needed is deep and perfect break-
ing of the soil. They are rich enough in plant food
to supply the needs of a heavy crop. Co not en-
deavor to plant a larger area of crops than can have
good and constant cultivation during growth. Better
plant ten acres in a well prepared seed bed and give

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

239

it frequent cultivation during growth than twenty
acres on a poorly fitted bed and only the ability to
work it twice or three times during growth. The
small area will make the most corn and make it at
less cost. The depth to which the soil is broken will
have a great bearing upon the distance apart of the
corn rows and plants. No great yield of corn can
by any possibility be made where the rows are iovr
feet apart and the plants three feet apart in the
row. There cannot be sufficient plants grown on
an acre planted in this way to make a great yield,
and yet this is the best that can be done if the roots
of the plants cannot get down into the soil. Give
them cubic space enough in wbich to forage — that is.
depth as well as surface measure, and then you can
easily double the number of stalks on the acre, and
thus get the prime requisite for a big yield. Land
that will not make corn planted in rows three feet
six inches apart, and the plants eighteen inches
apart in the rows, is not good enough to plant in corn
with profit. Our climatic conditions are especially
suited to the corn crop, and if we only do our dub
to the land there is no reason whatever why tht
average yield should not be 50 bushels to the acre
on upland and 100 bushels to the acre on the low
grounds.

Whilst as we have said we have no great faith in
the use of commercial fertilizer in the production
of the corn crop, yet as we have so many enquiries
on the subject, we feel compelled to say something
as to what plant food the crop calls for, and how it
may be supplied. A crop of 30 bushels of corn to
the acre removes from the soil 40 pounds of nitrogen,
41 pounds of potash, and 13 pounds of phosphoric
acid. This would seem to point to the necessity for
using a fertilizer rich in nitrogen and potash, and
yet the results of experiment go to show that many
of the best crops have been raised without the use
of heavy per centages of either of these foods. It is
becoming more certain every year that corn is like
the legumes, itself a nitrogen gathering crop, and
that in some way not yet discovered it can seciire
nitrogen from the atmosphere. It makes its growth
during the season of the year when nitrification is
mo^t active in the soil, and doubtless this fact en-
ables it to dispense largely with any artificial sup-
ply. The power of the crop to forage for food en-
ables it to secure potash from sources unavailable to
other crops, if only there be a sufficient supply of
phosphoric acid available. Indeed, an examination
of the experiments made in the various States goes

to establish the fact that the amount of phosphoric
acid supplied to the crop is the dominant factor in
securing a good yield. We believe that the use of
300 to 500 pounds to the acre of acid phosphate ia
probably the fertilizer most likely to secure an in-
creased yield of corn on average upland in the South,
especially when applied on sod land or on land which
has grown peas. On the thin, sandy lands of the
eastern sections, cotton seed meal and some potash,
say 50 pounds of muriate to the acre, ought also to
be applied. Where more than 200 pounds to the
acre of any fertilizer is applied we would advise it
to be sown broadcast and be worked into the soiL
If less than that quantity be used, and we very
much doubt whether any appreciable benefit what-
ever can be derived from less, we would apply it in
the drill and mix well with the soil before planting
the seed.-

In our last issue we gave some advice as to the
planting and fertilizing of the cotton crop, and re-
fer our readers to that number. The importance of
deep and perfect breaking of the land for cotton is
just as great as. for the corn crop. In no other way
can moisture be conserved for the crop, and the
necessary plant food be secured from the soil.

The land intended to be planted in tobacco should
be plowed and worked in the intervals between pre-
paring for and planting the corn and cotton crops.
Tobacco is a plant with a comparatively small root
system, and hence the importance of perfect prepara-
tion of the soil so that the delicate rootlets can make
their way through it and secure the food necessary
to their growth. Analysis of tobacco plants grown
in different sections of the South go to show a great
variation in the content of the constituents of plant
food, and therefore make it difficult to advise as to
the quantity of each element to be applied. The
fact seems to be that tobacco has the power to appro-
priate varying quantities of the three elements of
plant food as they are found in the soil in accordance
with its requirements on the particular soil on which
it is grown. Major Ragland, one of the most ex-
perienced tobacco growers in the South, conducted a
large series of experiments and found that he got
the best results from the use of 160 pounds of dried
blood to supply the nitrogen, 120 pounds of sulphate
of potash to supply the potash, and 114 pounds of
acid phosphate to supply the phosphoric acid to the
acre. In the cotton sections, where light tobacco is
grown, cotton seed meal is largely used to supply

240

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

the nitrogen, and apparently with good results. Tbc
exactions of light tobacco for nitrogen are not so
great as the dark, heavy shipping types, and hence
cotton seed meal meets the need of this type when
tised liberally. For tbe heavy types of tobacco, we
think the formula used by Major Ragland, which
gives a percentage of 4J of nitroge n, 15^ of potash,
and 3^ of phosphoric acid, a most desirable one. Such
high percentages of potash and nitrogen cannot be
got in the usual mixed fertilizers, and must be home
mixed. Where cotton seed meal is used as a source
of nitrogen it will be well to use with it some nitrate
of soda, as tbe nitrogen in the cotton seed meal is not
immediately available, but requires time to decay,
and then begins to supply the nitrogen slowly and
continuously. With 800 pounds of cotton seed meal
we would use 100 pounds of nitrate of soda. This will
give the plants a good start. The most important
element in a tobacco fertilizer is the potash, and this
should be supplied by sulphate of potash only as any
other form of potash salts injures the burning quality
of the tobacco. The least important element is phos-
phoric acid. When used in excess this has the effect
of making a coarse type of tobacco. Many old
growers of tobacco say that they have never yet been
able to get a mixture of tobacco fertilizer which
would give such results as the old-time Peruvian
guano gave. For years it has been impossible to get
Peruvian guano, but this year it is again in the
reach of those who would like to use it. Messrs.
Mortimer & Co., of New York, are importing it, and
it can be had from them and their agents.

Whilst it is yet early to plant forage crops, May
being the best time, yet for those who are likely to
require early feed for stock, we would suggest the
fine preparation of a piece of land and the seeding
of an acre or two of Cat tail millet (called Pencil-
laria in some of the catalogues). This grows quickly,
and makes a heavy crop of good green forage to
follow crimson clover and rye. Sow one bushel of
seed to the acre broadcast and harrow in, and if the
ground is dry enough, roll and then lightly reharrow
to prevent caking of the surface soil.

cut and laid. He says tbe poles should be straight
and sawed with a cross-cut saw, and be put in the
ground the same day they are cut, if possible. Use
three poles, one on each side and one on top. They
cover with pine straw, but wheat or oat straw will do
as well, and then put in the soil. Put in in this way
the ditch is good for twenty or thirty years. Where
the subsoil is a good clay, after the ditch has been
opened to the clay they sometimes take a spade which
has been narrowed by cutting off a piece on each
side so as to make it V shaped, and with this dig
out a trench in the clay at the bottom of the ditch,
and then place one pine pole on the top of this
trench as a cover and fill up the ditch with straw,
and soil as above mentioned. This, he says, makes
a very permanent and effective drain — where condi-
tions are suitable.

DRAINING WITH POLES.

In our last issue we replied to a query on this sub-
ject Noting this, Mr. Thomas, of Smithfield, Va.,
the curer of the celebrated "Smithfield Hams,"
writes us that they find in Eastern Virginia that
pine poles make a good blind ditch, when properly

VALUE OF LIME AS AN IMPROVER OF LAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have been reading in your valuable paper for
several months many articles on the benefits to he
derived from the use of lime on our Virginia soils
and as I have been an extensive user of lime for
some twelve or thirteen years I think it probable my
experience may be of benefit to some of your many
subscribers.

I have learned, after long experience, that vegeta-
tion is a force that must be brought about by the
union of certain elements in the soil, and just as the
soil lacks one or the other of these elements so will
it lack the power to grow and develop abundant
crops.

As the steam engine requires the two elements,
fire and water, to generate the powerful force, steam,
to create great energy, so does the soil require the two
important elements, alkali and acid, for just as these
are well balanced in the soil will it be either rich or
poor.

My experience is that all the lands east of the
Blue Ridge, from which a large portion of the potash
has been exhausted by the continuous growth of to-
bacco, can be made to double their yield of wheat,
oats and corn by a proper application of one ton of
lime per acre.

On my red soil I find that after it has been treated
as above stated from two to three years, I can make
double the amount of wheat without the use of fer-
tilizer, that I could before with from two to three
hundred pounds per acre of acid phosphate.

Lime is slow to act but especially so if applied in

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

241

the spring. It should, to get the best and quickest re-
sults, be applied in the fall and always on lands that
need not be turned for from two to four years. It is
always best to seed your land to grass after liming.
In my 12 years experience I have never once missed
a stand of grass on land that had been limed.

My system of applying it is the one that has been
practised in Pennsylvania for probably 50. years.
After my field is plowed I take a single shovel plow
and lay off the land 13 yards wide each way. This
leaves it in squares of 13x13 yards. It will be found
that 30 of these squares make an acre. If you will
weigh a ton of lime, then measure it, you will find
you will have 30 bushels. This is at least true with
partially slaked lime such as I use.

When I begin hauling from the car I have two
bushel boxes, one for each wagon. Each wagon take*
a row of squares and in the middle of each square wo
put one bushel, until we have gone over the entire
field. I let these piles lay exposed for from two to
three weeks until it is all slaked, then just after a
slight rain or early in the morning we commence
spreading. Each pile will go over its square uni-
formly if the parties handling understand their
work. In scattering lime it should never leave the
shovel at the point but always at the side. It will
then be found to fall on the ground evenly and in-
stead of shoveling you will be sowing.

In land that is too rolling to lay off as above for
fear of starting a wash, I use the same dimensions as
above but instead of laying off with a plow I step it
off and at each place where there should be a pile of
lime I stick a tobacco stick. This, by being careful,
will enable you to get it on the land fairly even.

After the lime is evenly spread over the field I com-
mence harrowing. It is best if it can be done, to har-
row both ways or cross your harrowing as much as
possible, then I drill in my wheat and timothy seed
together. In the spring I sow my clover seed and
again harrow. After this I let it lay for from three
to four years and I consider if my land was worth
twenty dollars per acre before liming, at the end of
the three or four years it will be worth $40.

Sandy soil, in my experience, will improve quidceT
than red soil, and they both will show improvement
quicker if they have either a coat of manure or green
crop turned under before liming.

My lime costs me $1.40 per ton laid down at my
station, seventy miles from where it is burnt. I be-
lieve that this lime, if properly managed, could be
laid down in car load 4ots at any railroad station in
Virginia for not to exceed $2.50 per ton.

In have tried lime from four different parts of the
State and I consider this the best I have struck. A
proof of this will be found in the fact that I have
purchased from them in the last two seasons about
175 tons. The day the East Virginia farmers adopt
a system of liming, if it is not over ten acres each
year, that will be the day their permanent prosper-
ity will begin, and every man who will add any-
thing to the speedy adoption of such a system will
go down in the future history of the State as a bene-
factor to his country.

As I see from several of the inquiries in your
paper that a large majority of farmers have no knowl-
edge of the action of lime on soil or its great benefit
I will give you the results on a 12-acre field limed 13
years ago, with 15 tons of lime. This land was per-
fectly exhausted. There would nothing grow on it
but dewberry vines. I had only just bought the farm
therefore had nothing else to turn under, so I turned
these vines under and sowed the field to wheat and
timothy. In the spring I sowed clover but failed to
get a stand, but got a part stand of timothy and
about four bushels of wheat per acre. In the fall I
top-dressed the field with the above amount of lime.
The following summer I cut about three-fourths of
a ton of hay to the acre, after which I grazed it two
more years then plowed it up for corn. The season
was not a good one, as there was but little rain, but
on my 12J acre field (drill measure) I got one hun-
dred and twenty-six barrels of corn (680 bushels).
Since that time I have cropped it with three crops and
am running it in grass three years and I have never
failed to get a good crop. It is now in clover and
timothy and no man in Virginia has a nicer stand.
In addition to the permanent improvement of the
soil by the use of lime I find a very decided improve-
ment in the feeding quality of the food raised on the
land that has been limed. This will, I believe, be
found to be one-third greater than that raised on land
that has not been limed, especially will this prove
true where you wish to lay on fat and make a rapid
growth of bone.

My first few years experience in feeding cattle for
beef in Eastern Virginia was a failure. I could feed
all winter and not lay on as much fat as feeders in
limestone countries could in two months. Since I
have been liming I can feed to some profit. I find
another decided advantage in its use and one every
farmer in my section has observed. It will stop the
land from slipping or washing. It seems to act on
land as it acts in mortar, to hold it together. I have
no axe to grind in this matter. I have no land to sell

242

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

nor have I any interest in the sale of lime. I would
only like to see this county more prosperous.
Bedford Co., Va. Otho Hull.

NINETY-FIVE BUSHELS OF CORN TO THE ACRE.

Dr. Fisher, of Emmerton, (Richmond county,
Va.,) who grew over 9f> hushels of corn to the acre
last year, sends the following particulars as to how
he prepared and worked his land to secure this result.
Before describing the method it may be well to give
some history of the previous cropping of the land, as
this in our opinion has a large bearing on the sub-
ject. Prior to 1901 the Z\ acres on which he grew
the crop, and which made 335 bushels of corn, had
been producing peas, followed by crimson clover, the
clover always grazed or cut off in the spring in time
for tomatoes. All the land was limed about 1898.
In 1901, after a crop of clover, the land was seeded
to peas and corn, three pecks_of peas and one peck
of field corn, put in on the 25th June, with a disc
drill. The corn grew from five to eight feet tall,
heavily loaded with vines. This was cut when the
eorn ears were in the milk state. These ears were
pulled off and hauled to the hogs when the crop had
been drying about two days. Getting these ears off
opened up and helped to dry the crop. It made 27
large two-horse wagon loads. The land was then
seeded to crimson clover that was cut in the spring of

1902. The land was then put in tomatoes. The last
working of these tomatoes was followed by seeding
crimson clover. This clover was grazed all fall and
winter and a cutting for hogs was made in May,

1903. Then followed the corn crop in question, the
growing of which is thus described by the Doctor:

The yield of corn per acre in this locality is very
small on an average and was particularly so last sea-
son. There is little or no really rich land in my im-
mediate neighborhood. Our corn crops are gener-
ally shortened, and sometimes ruined by drouth. I ,
cultivate very little land, but study to overcome the i
above troubles. I fallowed my land deep, with turn-
ing plow, subsoiling each furrow. I pulverized with ,
the harrow and applied 300 pounds of 10 and 2 fer- 1
tilizer per acre through a wheat drill. The corn rows
were opened 3 feet 6 inches apart, with turning plow
(a No. X Dixie) twice to each row and in the bot- 1
torn of which was run the subsoiler. The corn was ,
planted behind the subsoiler, in this loose bed. Used
a planter run shallow, dropping about 14 inches ■
apart. As soon as the corn was a few inches tall, a
cultivator worked the middles, putting a little dirt,
each time down in the furrow and around corn. Dur-

ing the dry weather a dust mulch was used after cul-
tivator. I never found moisture to fail to come with-
in one and one-half inches of the surface. By the last
running of the cultivator the furrows were filled and
the whole surface was perfectly level. I will say here
that I feel convinced that my yield would have more
than reached 100 bushels per acre, but for the fact
that the drill clogged at times and there were many
spaces left from 20 inches to 30 inches. These were
replanted, but to no purpose, as the growing corn
soon smothered out the replanted. The device I use
for subsoiling is the best I have seen. It is not orig-
inal with me, as I got the idea from Mr. Jos. Peirce,
of Lancaster county. Take an iron frame cultivator
and take off all the shanks except the hind one (on
middle bar) and righthand one. Either take off the
left wing or shut it up close to the middle. Mount
the two shanks with long stout steel hoes two inches
wide. Put gauge wheel in front of this machine,
turned so as to run wheel well ahead. Now with the
two hoes just opened enough to tear up the whole
width of the furrow made by the turning plow, and
one good horse hitched, you can do the work well.
If the shanks are set right the hoes will draw down
in the hardest soilj so that the driver will have to
carry some weight in his hands to keep the depth uni-
form. The dust mulch can be made easily by taking
two sled runners, the under side being boarded with
thin boards, lap jointed. Put first board on behind,
and you get the laps made so as to make a thorough
pulverizer. Now nail a strip one inch by one inch
across these boards down the middle, slightly narrow
the top edge (top when it is turned over to put bot-
tom on). This keeps it straight after the horse. A
boy can ride on it and drive. Width must be made
to suit space between eorn rows.

To bind corn shocks, get two stout poles about 1
or 8 feet long, tie one end of a rope to one one-third
of its length from the end ; do the other end of the
rope and the other pole the same way. Have rope
8 to 10 feet long, according to size of shock. With
this binder, the closer corn is set up at bottom of the
shocks the better. One man to each pole, carry end
in hands, place the loop of rope just above the ears,
hold poles level with the line of tie, work corn to-
gether with ends of poles and pass them around, until
the shock is perfectly tight. One man holds both
poles, while other one ties the shock with the usual
tarred cord. If corn is distributed equally around
the saddle stalks it will stand up straight and turn
water. This binder does not twist the shock like
others.

The handiest and cheapest way I have found to get

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

243

corn to husker and shredder, or for that matter, to
barn for any other method of handling it, is a low
■wheel cart for horse or oxen. Have no backing gear ;
but run axle back against the shock by hand. Have
a long chain or rope with large hook in one end. Pass
hook end around shock, then with the hook make fast
in shape of a loop, back team well back to get close
hitch, then let the chain or rope take the whole pull.
By holding one wheel back when team starts, the
shock will be pulled well upon the axle. After hitch-
ing on to one shock, chain or rope can remain fas-
tened to team. This drops the whole shock straight.
What made my good yield of corn this season, a bad
one in this "Neck?" Plenty of nitrogenous vege-
table matter, subsoiling, thorough cultivation and
dust mulching during drouth.

A. C. Fishee, M. D.

SAVING COW PEA HAY.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have been a subscriber to the Plantee for a
number of 'years, always looking forward to its
monthly appearance with much pleasure and feel
that these few words of commendation but poorly
express its real value to me. In following advice con-
tained in the Plantee as to the saving of crimson
clover seed I saved enough in one season, 1903, to
pay subscription price for many years to come. I
saved enough seed off a very small piece of land to
sow about twelve acres. I seeded eight or nine acres
last year and have enough left to sow about three
acres. Valuable aid has also been obtained in the
saving of cow pea hay. I put mine in small stacks
and leave in that condition until wanted for feed.
Have over twenty stacks in the field now and they
keep perfectly, only a very small portion of the hay
on extreme outside is injured by weather. I don't
think it pays to build houses just for putting up cow
pea hay alone. Such a small percentage of the hay
is damaged that it is hardly worth mentioning. I
had some in the field all of the winter of 1902 and
1903 and I feel confident that the first two or three
rains did all the damage received. I had a good
many cocks to mould some near the ground. The
weight is so great that the hay cannot cure properly
near the ground. If I save any of this kind of hay
this year I expect to continue following advice in the
Planter, and after putting up the hay about four
feet around the pole, to nail on a strip or two and
finish stacking over the strips.^ I let my cow pea hay
lay on the ground last year nearly two days before

raking. Hoping the year 1904 will bring greater
prosperity than ever to the Southern Planter and
that all of its readers also may be the recipients of
our Heavenly Father's blessings.

Prince George Co., Va. A. R. Caey.

COW PEAS FOR FERTILIZING PURPOSES.

Is it Essential in Order to Obtain Best Re-
sults That They Themselves Should be
Fertilized ? And, if so — Why ?
Editor Southern Planter.

I doubt if there is a single farmer throughout the
entire South who is not sufficiently posted on cow
peas as to know that they are in every sense of the
term a "recuperative" crop, that land, where they
are sown or planted, is enriched and the succeeding
crop benefitted and increased thereby; but, knowing
all this, there are many who seem to think that, as
they themselves are a fertilizer crop and planted
mainly for fertilizing purposes, it would be the
height of folly to apply fertilizers to them. To illus-
trate: A farmer sows a piece of land down to peas
and mows them for hay; or plants in drill, cultivates
them, then in the fall turns the hogs in on them ; in
either case the land works loose, light, mellow and
friable, it is more retentive of moisture than where
peas were neither sown nor planted ; as a perfectly
natural result, the crop is increased thereby, and the
farmer is satisfied. He knows but little, if any-
thing, about their attracting nitrogen from the atmos-
phere, and no more as to their being greedy feeders
of both potash and phosphoric acid ; what he does
know is that the land works easier and better and the
crop grows more luxuriant and the final yield is larg-
er where they were than where they were not. He
is satisfied with this knowledge, and does not seek to
enquire further; but goes on planting and sowing
peas year after year. He notices though that the
land instead of increasing in fertility and productive-
ness, is actually becoming poorer and the yields ob-
tained therefrom most beautifully less year by year,
and this in spite of the fact that a fertilizing crop
has been planted each year strictly for fertilizing
purposes. In extreme cases (and we have heard of
quite a number of such) cow peas have followed
cow peas so often on the same land that it finally
became so denuded of its native supply of potash
and phosphoric acid that it could not even grow a
crop of cow peas. The same thing has happened with
clover, and indeed, with each and all of the recupera-
tive crops. When land gets in this condition, it is

244

THE SOUTLIEEX PLANTER

[April,

termed "pea-sick," "clover-sick," etc. The remedy
is obvious. Keep up the potash and phosphoric acid
supply. These two manorial agents, when applied
liberally, promote the most luxuriant and heaviest
growth, and ensure the absorption of the greatest
possible amount of nitrogen from the air. That is
just what we plant them for, to fill the soil with
humus — thereby making it loose and friable, warni-
natured, free-growing, and retentive of moisture ; and
secondly, for the absorption of nitrogen. Of course,
the more luxuriant the growth of vines and roots, the
greater will be the quantity of nitrogen absorbed by
them ; and the more liberal the supply of the two
above named substances present in any given soil,
the more luxuriant the growth. If the soil be very
poor, and potash and phosphoric acid sadly deficient,
the growth of vines will be weak, puny and spindling,
and the absorption of nitrogen by them must inevita-
bly correspond with the growth of the recuperative
crop, let said growth be little or much.

Where the growth is weak and feeble, but little, if i
any, nitrogen is absorbed ; hence the object in plant- 1
ing a recuperative crop is completely and effectually
frustrated ; while, where peas are sown, and the use J
of the mineral fertilizers omitted, let the growth of
vines be ever so luxuriant, the land is inevitably
poorer than if they had never been planted thereon, t
While it is a fact that they enrich the soil by the j
amount of nitrogen absorbed by them from the at- j
mosphere, it is also a fact that they actually impov- I
erish the soil to the extent of 30 pounds of potash |
and 10 pounds of phosphoric acid for each ton of hay
that is taken off the land.

In each and every instance where the cow pea is
sown as a recuperative or fertilizing crop, in order
to force it to do its very level best in the way of in-
creasing fertility, a mixture of 300 pounds of acid
phosphate and 100 pounds of muriate of potash,
should be applied per acre. Or, any of the "bone and
potash" fertilizers, analyzing S-4 or 8-G may be used
at rate of 400 or 500 pounds per acre. I would ad
vise all of your readers to send for a pamphlet de-
voted exclusively to "The Cow Pea." which is sent
free to all applicants, and can be obtained by ad-
dressing "Experiment Farm," Southern Pines.
North Carolina. G. H. Turner.

Gomez, Miss.

SOME NOTES BY THE WAY.

Editor Southern Planter:

I enjoy reading the Southern Planter more
than any of our exchanges, mainly I suppose because

it comes home to me more closely in my own expe-
rience and practice. You have gotten so many good
things in the March number that I am going to both-
er you with a brief sketch of what particularly
strikes me, and if I do not always agree with your
correspondents it is simply that I wish to add more
perhaps to the general value of their letters. South-
ern farmers should ponder deeply what Dr. Xewman
tells them about hog feeding, and especially about
the value of a permanent pasture of Bermuda grass
for them. I once visited a friend in South Caro-
lina, and found him selling smoked hams and bacon
by the wagon load. Lie said that the bacon cost him
for its production the same that his cotton did per
pound, and he was then getting 14 cents for the meat
and six cents for the cotton.

In regard to shredding fodder I wish to suggest
to farmers to try the shredder for getting out thelir
cow peas from the mown hay for seed. Of course the
peas intended for seed will be allowed to ripen more
than for the best hay, but the shredded feed is still
of value. By the way, I was attracted by a very
pretty bale of pea vine hay in front of a feed store
a few days ago. It was bright and green in color and
well cured. The grower was by, and told me that he
set up stakes in the field like peanut stakes and
shocked the hay around them as fast as cut. Only
this and nothing more, and it cured well. It was as
bright and pretty as mine, and that is saying a great
deal for me, for curing pea hay has been a fad with
me for many years.

Your correspondent "N" on "Panning as a Busi-
ness," advises liming before sowing peas. I would
say, don't. Peas are the only legume that in my ex-
perience do not like an application of lime. Defer
the lime till the peas have been grown, and you will
get a heavier growth of the peas. Then, as you say,
plowing under green peas is not the way to help the
land, but rather to injure it by souring. Then, too,
the peas should be allowed to do all they can for you
before using them as manure, and the greater part of
their nitrogen fixing is done in the latter part of their
growth. The hairy vetch is all right. I have had it
three feet high here in February, in a mild winter,
and this hard winter it is ten inches high the first
week in March. Not pastured of course.

Prof. Nonrse on hay substitutes reminds me of a
letter I lately got from a Tennessee man, who is win-
tering 30 young cattle. He had been feeding hay. cot-
ton seed meal and cotton seed hulls. But he said that
the hulls got so high priced that he changed his feed
to two-thirds gum and oak sawdust and one-third

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

245

hulls, and the cattle ate it. He wants to know the
feeding value of the sawdust. I suggested that he try
the cattle with some of it without any meal mixed
with it and see if they would eat it. But what a com-
ment on stock feeding in the South ! I doubt if there
is really much difference between the feeding value
of the sawdust and the hulls, and I do not believe that
cattle which have been accustomed to good pea vine
hay and corn stover will eat either till compelled to,
and the idea of a farmer in a country where peas will
grow in perfection buying cotton seed hulls for his
cattle argues little for his farming.

Mr. Taliaferro, who complains of his barren
figs had better dig them up and plant known
varieties. His are probably seedlings from the
Smyrna fig, and these will not bear here unless
we had the wild Caprifig and its insect. I once
grew several hundred fig trees from seed washed
out of the finest dried figs I could find. They
made a fine growth, and set the nascent figs. But
they all dropped off and never a fig was produced.
If your correspondent will send to the P. J. Berck-
mans Co., Augusta, Ga., and get plants of the "Ce-
lestial" he will have the most hardy fig I have tried
— and I have had nearly 100 varieties — and will
have one that he can eat out of hand, skin and all,
though not so large as the Brunswick. I received
cuttings of a number of new figs from the Depart-
ment of Agriculture last spring. They were said to
be very hardy. All grew, but all have been cut by
the winter, while my Brunswick and Celestials are
little hurt. In regard to Ginseng, I think that the
only money that will be made for a good while out
of it will be by those who are growing plants to sell
to the people they have infected with the ginseng
fever. Some good roots may he grown in the higher
mountain country of Virginia and North Carolina,
but the people who plant in the eastern sections will
hardly get anything out of it.

"Yes, Johnson grass will grow in Amherst coun-
ty, Va.". There is no doubt of this, and the man
who first introduces it there will be ever remem-
bered in that country as Jefferson is for the in-
troduction of the Scotch broom in Virginia. With
all of its admitted value as forage, the plant is
such a pestiferous weed that any neighborhood now
clear of it should use every effort to keep clear of it.
We know all about the pest here, and have to fight it
continually, even in our gardens.

Keep on warning the farmers against the cross-
ing of pure breeds of animals. As an old friend of
mine says, "it gives them too many relations, and

they do not know which to take after." Better keep
close in line of one breed and one family in that
breed and reduce the number of relations.

We hope that there is not going to be a revival
of the old fad about Polygonum Sacchalinense. It
is doubtless hardy and will make a tremendous
growth, but I would as soon try the sawdust feed.
We have grown it here and abandoned it long ago.

W. E. Massey,
Editor of Practical Farmer.

Raleigh, N. C, March 9, 1904.

We thank our old friend for his compliment to the
Planter. When one with his experience of the
wants of the farmers of the South says so much in
commendation of our work we think we may feel sat-
isfied that we are doing something worth doing to help
forward the South. — Ed.

FARMING AS A BUSINESS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I wonder if "N," of Hanover county, who writes
about farming under the above caption in your
March number, ever tried the method he recom-
mends ?

He seems to start with the notion that Virginia
land is "only a place for a farm," and that the new
owner must put the farm there. Now the fact is that
there are no "worn out" lands. There are lands in
Virginia and elsewhere that never had anything to
wear out, deep sands that are not even "a place for
a farm." But the loamy soils with a good clay foun-
dation are never worn out. Scratch plowing and poor
cultivation may have rendered them very unproduc-
tive, but it is perfectly possible to restore them from '
their own resources. Nature will do this with broom-
sedge and pine trees if we let her alone. But we can
find in commercial fertilizers, intelligently used, a
ready means for aiding our efforts in better plowing
and tillage.

A millionaire might adopt the mode of improve-
ment suggested by "N," but men who buy farms to
make a living on them are seldom millionaires. There
are few places where lime can he had for $2 a ton.
In most sections away from the limestone regions it
will cost on the farm double that or more. Then
"N" advises all of this work and waste of food crops
without any return in meantime. He estimates the
cost of four crops plowed under at the mere cost of
seed and labor, when in fact these crops had a high
feeding value which is entirely lost in using them as

246

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

manure direct. Four crops of legumes, fertilized as
he directs should make at a very low estimate four
tons of good hay, well worth for feeding on the place
$10 per ton. If thus used, the farmer could get some
profit from the feeding and could return fully 80
per cent, of the manurial value to the land. Instead
of waiting till he has buried a high priced farm on
the poor one before getting stock, he should have
stock to eat all the roughage as fast as he produces it,
and thus make the farm pay its way. The way we
figure on "N's" plan, the farmer will have to spend
fully $100 an acre to make his farm in addition to
what he pays for "a place for a farm," and he had
better buy the $100 an acre rich land at once. The
great inducement for men to buy and develop the
productiveness of the run down lands of the South is
the fact that by wise management these lands can be
made to pay for their improvement as they are built
up. They became unproductive through a long course
of bad treatment and they are not going to be sud-
denly made as fertile as they once were, by any im-
mediate vast expenditure in green manuring. The
man who puts lime on poor land destitute of humus,
with the notion of aiding the growth of cow peas, will
find that lime does not help them, as it does other
legumes. He must get the peas first by the aid of
acid phosphate and potash if on a sandy loam, or acid
phospate alone on a clay loam. He will find too that
the pulverized rock will give very little return at
once on the peas, and that for immediate results he
had better use the dissolved rock. Thus having got a
good growth of peas he will be very unwise to turn
them under green, for he will run the risk of damag-
ing his land more than helping it, and will have cut
short the work the peas would do for him, as the
larger part of their nitrogen gathering is done in the
later stages of their growth. Then, too, the burying
of a large growth is a poor preparation for fall grain,
which needs a well compacted soil.

In short, our worn lands have still a great resource
of fertility to be brought out by good plowing and
tillage and are really undeveloped farms and not
mere "places for farms" and properly treated thev
can be made to pay for their improvement as thev
develop and do not need the expenditure of a high
priced farm on them before giving profitable returns.

"Virginian."

IMPROVED MACHINERY VS. COMMON LABOR.
Edifor Southern Planter:

In this era of prosperity, with every business in
full blast, and labor so restless and dissatisfied all

over the country and wages constantly increasing,
the farmers of this section of North Carolina seem
to be suffering more from the need of reliable labor
than any other industry. It is a certainty that they
cannot pay wages equal to our factories and rail-
roads and make a living and have anything left.
When a man puts in his time on the farm he should
expect the same returns that he would from any other
business. What the farmer wants is to get the most
work done in the shortest time and at the smallest
cost. By the use of improved farm machinery these
requirements can be pretty well accomplished and
farmers will be independent of so much sorry help
that they are now compelled to put up with. Southern
farmers are slow to realize the advantages and profits
derived from the use of machinery, and it is costing
them thousands of dollars in wages every year to say
nothing of the endless amount of trouble and worry.
The Western States learned that they could not farm
without machinery and have profited by it. They
could not raise wheat and corn to any extent without
improved machinery and to do so the cost would be
too great. There is no reason why machinery will
not prove as profitable and practical on the farms of
the South as it has in the West. With machinery one
man can do more work and do it better than by the
old method. With one team he covers twice as many
acres and sometimes more and is able to cultivate
the same crop oftener and this is essential in good
farming. Money spent for sulky plows and culti-
vators, disk harrows, weeders, seeders and hay ma-
chinery will prove a profitable investment if they are
properly worked. They do good work and a great
deal quicker, which is important for work done when
needed is the work that pays most. I have seen crops
badly damaged for want of cultivation because the
farmer could not get to them sooner. Last year we
had several acres in hay and had to buy a mowing
machine before we could save it. It cost about 50
per cent, less to cut it with the machine than by hand.
With this machine you can save from eight to ten
acres per day and run less risk of losing your crop
from bad weather alone, which in some cases would
amount to more than enough to pay for the machine.
Some of the peanut growers near here had to buy a
peanut picker last year before they could get their
crop marketed. The picker gives satisfaction and
they have the pleasure of knowing that they can get
the work done any day necessary. They thrash the
vines to pieces, but that does not ruin them for feed-
ing. All the dirt and dust is cleaned off which other-
wise the stock would eat. Farmers should provide

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

247

themselves with every labor saving device possible
and do more and better work. It is impossible for
every farmer to buy these implements, but they could
all buy more if they would. There is not a farmer
who has a farm of any size who could not get one or
two of these implements each year if they would
only try. Most of the manufacturers offer their tools
on easy terms which is to the farmers' advantage.
By the use of modern machinery and up-to-date meth-
ods and businesslike ways we will see better farms
better cultivation and more production to the acre
and the result will be more money in the farmers'
pockets. The old way of farming is a thing of the
past and those who expect to succeed may just as
well break off from these ways and get to hustling
or they will have to go " 'way back and sit down."
They cannot compete with those who adopt modern
farm implements and methods. Much of the com-
mon labor is expensive at any price. You can well
afford to keep a good man at a good price when you
can get a lot of work done in a short time.

Brunswick Co., N. C. James W. Mueeell.

SACCHALINE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I notice in last issue answer to inquiry relative to
sacchaline.

My experience with it is that it is of no value what-
ever unless as a soil renovator, and then only after
years of growth. . In the first place it requires rich
land to make satisfactory growth, say around old
neglected manure piles, or where its twin sister the
dock will thrive. It is not in any way related to
buckwheat. It is distinctly an overgrown dock and
not as readily eaten by cows or horses. It grows about
five or six feet in height, and spreads rapidly from
the root but not badly from seed, so there is not any
serious danger as a noxious weed. My experience
was derived from imported roots and imported seed.
In conclusion, I should not advise any one to invest
in more than one root or the least possible amount
of seed. W. H. Rice.

Fairfax Co., Va.

NOTES.

A ton of stable manure contains about 10 pounds
of nitrogen, a ton of green pea vines about 5 pounds,
but a ton of green alfalfa contains nearly 15 pounds
of nitrogen. From 20 to 25 tons of green alfalfa
from one acre per year in four cuttings is not an ex-

traordinary crop and is worth nearly $50 as a fer-
tilizer or from $60 to $70 for feeding. If this alfal-
fa is fed, the droppings of the cattle are worth about
$50 less cost of hauling. In addition, the alfalfa
stores every year an immense amount of nitrogen in
the ground through its deep root system. By the
way, how many acres of alfalfa are you going to save
this fall ? The work should begin now. Order your
lime and your ground rock phosphate.

Disking the land before plowing is as beneficial as
disking after plowing, but the best results are obtain-
ing by disking before and after plowing. If you
haven't tried it you will be surprised at the results.

An inquirer in your last issue asked confirmation
of his belief that living in the country is cheaper than
in the city. It is, if he is willing to do without city
comforts, wear cheaper clothes, eat plainer food, etc.
If his time is worth anything, however, paying water
rent is cheaper than "toting" water several times
every day from the well or spring to the kitchen.
Coal delivered at your city residence may even be
as cheap as spending your time in cutting and haul-
ing wood. Walking is cheaper than riding on the
street cars if you can't make profitable use of your
time. N.

SWEET POTATO CULTURE.

Editor Southern Planter:

The sweet potato is "par excellence," the root crop
of the Southern States, because it is suited to cli-
matic and soil conditions as found in these States. It
is also one of the most profitable and satisfactory
crops that the Southern farmer can make either for
market or home use, and I only state what is a well
known fact, that there is not another crop so univer-
sally grown as this crop, because it can be found on
the least piece of cleared land, where the foundation
of the future farm is being laid, to the large fields
of the old plantations where they count their acres
by the thousands. At this time every year a great
many inquiries come to hand from parties newly
moved into the Southern States, particularly the
Gulf States, as to the best methods of getting a sat-
isfactory and profitable yield from this crop^ for it
appears to be a well recognized fact that to the new-
comer, this is one of the crops that he can hardly fail
in making something from. To such inquiries I
would say first of all, see that your land is well broken
and put in good tilth. If the land is old, plow as
deep as your soil will allow you, and a little deeper,
if new land is being used don't plow deeper than
your top soil, but pulverize thoroughly what you do
plow so as to make a thoroughly mellow bed for the

248

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

young potatoes to grow in. On our tough wire grass
sod of the long loaf pine lands, it is not advisable to
cut a large furrow slice and a very small plow of the
one horse type is recommended to make a beginning
with, because a large slice will take a long time in
decaying and getting incorporated with the other
soil. What I specially recommend, and have been
practising personally for a number of years on this
kind of land is a very narrow scooter, say about two
inches wide, cutting and cross-cutting the land at the
very first and going about six inches deep. This
method of breaking new land, mixes it all up thor-
oughly and goes deep enough to do a little subsoil-
ing at the same time. This followed with the turn-
ing plow a few inches deep and again with harrow
and cultivator makes an excellent job on our stubborn
wire grass sods. After the plowing, either old land
or new, should be treated to a good application of
high grade fertilizer. The claim is often made that
new land does not require fertilizing. Perhaps this
is so, in a certain sense, but the farmer who takes the
fertility from his soil that nature put there for a
crop, without adding some more to it to make that
crop is a soil-robber and the results will come back
on him in after years. It is a well recognized fact
among all our best agrieulturistSj that every irop
grown on the farm must be provided with the neces-
sary plant food for that crop in the form of the pro-
per fertilizers for same. The fertilizer for sweet
potatoes should contain a liberal amount of phos-
phoric acid and potash. The nitrogen is not so im-
perative as in most of our soils, enough nitrogt*. is
already present. An excess of nitrogen will promote
the growth of the vine at the expense of the root pro-
duction, and it is root we are after. In buying a fer-
tilizer already made up as we find it on the market,
the analysis of the same should be about six per
cent, potash and five or six phosphoric acid, from
five hundred pounds per acre up to a thousand
pounds can with safety be applied broadcast and
worked well in to the soil some time before the draws
are ready to plant. A low broad bed is best to grow
the crop in, plot culture during our rainy seasons of
July and August tends to lessen the crop. I have
tried both ways and found the bed system by far the
most satisfactory. And the nature of the crop with
its excessive vine production is against any system
that requires after cultivation when the crop is once
planted. The beds should be four feet apart and
nicely rounded out on top. There is no crop made
on the farm where keeping qualities are so essential
as the sweet potato crop, for it is expected to keep all
winter and well on in spring and to have these keep-
ing qualities it must be well grown and as perfect in
its nature as it is possible to make it ; to get this qual-
ity in it, is the mission or object of the potash in the
fertilizer.

When the first of the crop is planted we have to use
draws or slips, but when once the vines begin run-
ning, we had better use cuttings, for it is a fact that
vine cuttings make a better crop than slips. The
tendency lately has been in favor of a vincless varie-
ty of sweet potatoes, or at least a bunch vine. There
are now several of these that have given very great
satisfaction, the best of which is the Jersev bunch
vine, because it is early, thrifty, a good yielder and
a long keeper, all of which qualities combined make
it a very desirable variety to have.

V. K. McQ CARRIE.
A crop of 1S5 bushels of sweet potatoes per acre
will in its vines and roots remove from the soil 57
pounds of nitrogen, 16 pounds of phosphoric acid
and 108 pounds of potash. These amounts of plant
food can be supplied by 360 pounds of nitrate of
soda or S00 pounds of cotton seed meal for the nitro-
gen, 13S pounds of acid phosphate for the phosphoric
acid and 310 pounds muriate of potash or TOO pounds
of kainit for the potash. If the vines are left on the
ground then these quantities may be reduced to 124
pounds of nitrate of soda or 324 pounds of cotton
seed meal, 86 pounds of acid phosphate and 97
pounds of muriate of potash ot 367 pounds of kainit
—Ed.

Broomsedge— Japan Clover.

We are being overrun in Southwest Virginia with
broom sedge and would like to hear from some farm-
ers in Eastern Virginia as to what they do with it?
Eoes Japan clover whip it out ? Do stock like Japan
clover? Will it stand the winter? My crop sown
last spring seems dead now. R. H. P.

Montgomery Co., Va.

The only way the Eastern Virginia farmer gets
rid of broomsedge is to plow it up and cultivate the
land and then reseed in grass. Unless all his neigh-
bors do the same he will soon have another crop as
the seed flies from farm to farm. Japan clover will
not kill it out but will make a better pasture of the
field and thus ensure its being'kept down by grazing
and the seed be prevented from forming and reseed-
ing land. Japan clover is an annual plant reseeding
itself every year. As soon as the mild weather
comes in spring your clover will spring up again.
—Ed.

Seed Corn.

Is corn two years old safe to iise for seed ?
Fauquier Co., Ya A. C. Gociinaueb.

Yes, unless the weevil or some other worm has
eaten out the germ of the seed. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

249

ENQUIRER'S COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southeih
Planter, Richmond, Va.( not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Root Grafted Trees.

As I have had proprietors of different nurseries
and their agents make great claims about their trees
being grown on whole or part roots, and as it seems
to me that the root is the most essential part of a
fruit tree, I would like to have the following ques-
tions answered through your valuable paper:

1. Is there any preference to be given a whole
root tree over a part root ?

2. Is a whole root tree likely to live longer and
grow better than a part root?

3. If you could buy a part root tree from 10 to 15
cents cheaper per tree than the whole root which
would you give the preference?

I have read very many discussions in the differ-
ent lines of fruit growing but I have never come
across these very important points.

Surry Co., Va. Chaeles G-. Deissnee.

In the opinion of the leading nurserymen and or-
chard ists there is no difference in the life of trees
grafted on whole or part roots. Practically it is
almost impossible to get the whole root of a tree to
insert the graft in. Some part is almost necessarily
left in the ground. What is essential is that there
should be sufficient of the root to insert the graft in
to ensure that it receive sufficient food through the
rootlets which may be put out to support healthy
vigorous growth. If the tree offered for less money
on account of being on a part root appeared to have
made a vigorous healthy growth we would take it
in preference to one on a whole root. — Ed.

Castor Beans— Creamery.

1. Can you inform me about the castor oil plant,
where seed can be had, what profits in the bean, etc. ?

2. Would you give directions for a creamery, cost
and profits ? Subsceibee.

Northumberland Co., Va.

1. Castor beans are only grown in a limited sec-
tion of country in the Southwestern States, mainly
in Oklahoma, Kansas and Mississippi. We suppose
seed could be had from seedsmen in those States, but
probably the easiest way to get it would be to write
the Department of Agriculture, Washington, asking
for the name and address of some seedsman who is
known to handle it. We cannot say anything defi-
nite as to the crop. We believe the average yield is
from 8 to 10 bushels to the acre, but know nothing

of the profit on production nor where there is a
market for the seed.

2. Write some of the Dairy supply houses adver-
tising in our columns for estimate of cost of build-
ing and fitting up a creamery to handle the milk of
a certain number of cows. They will give same
much more definitely than we can do. — Ed.

Corn Fertilizer.

Will you be so kind as to give me, through the
Planter, your valued opinion of the following mix-
ture as a corn fertilizer : 1,000 pounds of phosphate,
450 pounds kainit and 550 pounds hen house man-
ure, the manure to be seived and gotten fine. What
would be the analysis of such a mixture ?

Dinwiddie Co., Va. T. B. Scott.

The mixture would analyze 6 per cent, phosphoric
acid, 2} per cent, potash and $ per cent, nitrogen.
To make a corn fertilizer for use on light land it
should have the phosphoric acid increased by adding
400 pounds more acid phosphate, and the potash and
nitrogen be increased by adding 500 pounds of cot-
ton seed meal, tankage or fish scrap. — Ed.

The Use of Fertilizer— Preparing Land for Cotton,
Corn, Etc.— Improving Land.

1. Is fertilizer worth anything as a soil improver?
It is said that fertilizer makes land poor.

2. Can land be made rich with commercial fertil-
izer alone?

3. How to plow and when to plow gray sandy land
for the best results for cotton, corn and oats for next
season ?

4. How to make gray sandy land rich ? The land
now will make from 6 to 8 hundred pounds of seed
cotton to the acre. One of Youe Subsceibees.

Halifax Co., N. C.

1 & 2. The three elements nitrogen, phosphoric
acid and potash are valuable as plant food and are
absolutely essential in the growth of crops, but for
the mixed fertilzer goods as offered on the market
by the fertilizer makers we have little use as they
are rarely worth what is charged for them and very
often little fitted to the condition of the land or the
crop on which they are applied. The judicious use
of these elements in the proportions called for by the
particular crop to be grown, and according to the re-
quirement of the land, as ascertained by experiments
made on it, will result in conjunction with good plow-
ing and cultivation and the restoration of vegetable
matter to the soil in making land rich and produc-
tive, but their use alone will never do this.

3. All land should be plowed in the fall and win-

250

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

ter months to get best results. Plow as far as pos-
sible in the fall, and sow a winter growing crop,
clover or vetch, or both, to be turned down in spring
before planting the summer crop.

4. Grow cow peas on the land in summer with 300
pounds of acid phosphate and 50 pounds of muriate
of potash applied to the acre. Cut off this crop for
hay in September and sow 10 pounds of crimson
clover, 10 pounds of hairy vetch and half a bushel of
wheat, oats and rye mixed on the land. Plow this
crop down in May and plant corn or cotton and you
will find the yield will be greatly increased. Sow
cow peas in the corn crop at the last working and
crimson clover in the cotton crop in August to cover
the land during the winter. Treated in this way
the land will constantly improve. — Ed.

Crops for Hogs.

I raise hogs for the market and grow crimson
clover, red clover, dwarf essex rape, cow peas, soja
beans and corn for them, allowing them to hog these
crops down so as to leave all waste on the land. I
also raise buckwheat for them, but I cut and feed
this. Any information you can give me about rais-
ing and feeding hogs will be thankfully received, or
about any crop that I can add to these. I have
thought of planting artichokes but was afraid if
they got a start in the land I could not get them out.
Would you advise planting them, or can I kill them
if I do plant them ? J. R. Robinson.

Washington Co., Va.

You are raising about all the crops (except arti-
chokes) which we advise for hogs. You should
raise artichokes for winter feed. You need not fear
being unable to get rid of them whenever you want
to do so. They are easily killed out by plowing the
land in the winter and growing a pea or other smoth-
ering crop in summer. — Ed.

I should like if he will kindly tell more about rice
polish, where and the lowest price it may be bought.

Ignoramus.

Grass for Wet Land— Worms and Bots in Horses.

1. What kind of grass will do the best in a low
wet pasture that is under water the most of the win-
ter and dry in summer ?

2. What remedy is the best to remove worms and
bots from a horse? A Subscribes.

Accomac Co., Va.

No grass is likely to do well on such land. Herds
grass (red top) will grow best on wet land but even
it refuses to stand drowning all winter.

2. In our last issue we wrote fully on the subject
of worms and bots. See that issue. — Ed.

Cow Peas.

Are cow peas good to fatten hogs and what time
should thev be planted to enable one to turn hogs on
by September 15th? Any information on the sub-
ject of pea culture will be gladly received. D.

Pulaski Co., Va.

No better crop can be grown for hogs. Sow
broadcast in May or June one bushel to the acre or
drill in half that quantity per acre. — Ed.

Hurdles for Temporary Fence.

Will Mr. Chas. L. Dewey, of Mississippi, please
give plans for panels or hurdles for movable fences?
I have tested his methods of feeding green food and
know they are practical.

Fertilizer for Grass.

Please give in your next issue a formula for the
best fertilizer to use on grass. I have two plots, one
on medium low land, permanent pasture, the other
clover, timothy, etc., both two years' growth, land
needs feeding. Would it be well to use a light dress-
ing of lime on either or both before any other ?

An Interested Reader.

Apply as a top dressing 250 pounds of bone meal
and 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre. Ap-
ply at once. In the fall apply 25 bushels of lime to
to the acre. — Ed.

Velvet Bean— Milk From Cow.

1. Is the velvet bean equal in value for a forage
crop and the improvement of land to the cow pea ?
When and what quantity per acre should be planted ?
Can they be fed to all kinds of stock ? What time is
required for this crop to mature ?

2. Will a cow give as much milk when one or two
teats are spoiled as she did previous to the injury ?

Washington Co., Va. E. M. Bai/l.

1. In sections where the velvet bean will grow free-
ly it is more valuable than the cow pea as an im-
prover of land, as it produces a much greater crop
of vines and the nitrogen gathered and stored on
the roots is much more. As a forage crop, however,
it is not so valuable, as its enormous growth makes
it practically impossible to handle it either as green
fed or as hay. The bean is' a semi-tropical plant and
will not mature its seed north of South Carolina
and therefore it is of no use to plant it in Virginia
or North Carolina except for improving land. It
makes an enormous growth of vines in this State, so
much so as to render it almost impracticable as a
forage or hay crop. Planted in May, 1 J pecks to the
acre, it, will continue to grow until frost kills it with

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

251

the beans immature. In the far Southern States
the beans are fully ripened and make a meal rich in
protein which is used for stock feeding to some ex-
tent though even there the main use of the crop is
as a land improver. It is allowed to die down on
the land and is then plowed under and this is the
best use to make of it here.

2. No, the cow will never give as large a yield of
milk from two teats as from four. — Ed.

Rotation of Crops.

How would the following three years rotation suc-
ceed on our fair lands, producing say four barrels
of corn per acre ?

1st year. Crimson clover, mowed for hay, corn.

2nd year. Peas, picked for seed and mowed for
hay, seeded to wheat.

3rd year. Wheat, seeded to crimson clover.

To what crops, what kinds, and in what quantities
should artificial fertilizers be used?

Would the frequent cultivation necessitated by
this rotation cause our hilly lands to wash ?

What crop, or crops, would you advise seeding in
the corn at the last cultivation ? Have never suc-
ceeded in getting a stand of crimson clover in grow-
ing corn.

What would be the effect, on the land, if this rota-
tion was continued for a number of years ?

State the improvements you would make on the
above rotation.

Would a four years' rotation be better than this ?
If so, kindly state the order and management of the
crops you would advise cultivating.

King George Co., Va. T. T. Arnold.

The primary object of a system of rotation of
crops is at least the maintenance of the fertility of
the land and the production of profitable crops, but
on such land as that described in the above question
it ought to go much further than this. Land which
only produces 20 bushels of corn to the acre requires
not only to have its existing fertility (if fertile it
may be called making only such a poor yield) main-
tained but greatly added to. Such a rotation as that
suggested would not have the effect of maintaining
fertility, much less enhancing it. The recuperative
crops, peas and crimson clover, are both removed
from the land and only the shibble and roots left to
maintain fertility. Whilst it is true that there is
considerable plant food stored in the roots and the
stubble, yet it is not sufficient to provide for the draft
upon the land of a wheat crop, even though the same
be aided by some commercial fertilizer. Nothing is
said as to returning to the soil the manure to be made
from the feeding of the crimson clover and peas to

stock, but we assume that this is intended, but even
with this addition there will probably be depletion
rather than addition of fertility, as the wheat crop
would call for more plant food than would be stored
in the soil to make a profitable crop. The rotation
suggested is much too short for land of this character.
A short rotation is only wisely followed on land in a
high state of fertility. The constant cultivation of
land renders the plant food rapidly available and cap-
able of quick exhaustion, and therefore it must be in
abundance or the last state of the land will be worse
than the first. This short system of rotation is
largely responsible for the wasted condition of much
of the land in this country. Corn, wheat and to-
bacco or cotton have been grown in succession until
all available plant food has been used up. Land
of the character described should never be run in a
rotation of less than five years, and six would be
better. To suppose that the growing of crimson
clover and peas and the removal of both crops will
benefit such land as described is to mistake the true
character of these crops and the needs of wasuxl
land. Both crops, whilst recuperative in nitrogen, are
great exhausters of phosphoric acid and potash, and
unless these elements are supplied, become robber
crops instead of recuperative ones. They so unbal-
ance the plant food in the soil as to make it practi-
cally unproductive. What land of this character
most needs to make it fertile is vegetable matter
(humus) and deep plowing and perfect cultivation.
This can only be supplied by turning at least one of
the crops into the soil each year and top dressing the
surface with the manure made by the feeding of the
other. Given this addition to the humus content of
the soil, and the time necessary for it to produce a
sod to be also turned under, the land will improve
and profitable crops be produced. We would sug-
gest such a rotation as the following nne with the
fertilizer named as being one suitable

1st year. Plow and subsoil the land in the winter
and sow cow peas in May with the application of
300 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre. This crop
to be turned under in September (peas may be
picked if desired) and the land then to have an appli-
cation of 20 bushels of lime to the acre and be
seeded in crimson clover, 15 pounds to the acre, with
half a bushel of wheat, winter oats and rye mixed.

2nd year. Plow down the crimson clover and
grain crop and plant in corn. Sow cow peas in corn
at last working, and in August sow 20 pounds of
crimson clover on the peas and let the peas die down
on the land (picking the peas if desired). Shaded in

252

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

this way we think you will get a stand of crimson
clover.

3rd year. Plow down the crimson clover and peas
in June and plow deeply and work repeatedly in
July and August to kill out all weeds, as they ger-
minate. In August apply 200 pounds of acid
phosphate and 150 pounds of ground bone to the
acre and work into the soil, rolling to secure a firm
bed with a fine surface, and seed with grass and
clover.

4th year Mow clover and grass once and pasture
lightly.

5th year. Pasture until September and then plow
and seed to wheat with 300 pounds of acid phos-
phate and 150 pounds of bone meal to the acre.

6th year. Follow the wheat with cow peas sown im-
mediately after harvest and cut for hay in Septem-
ber and then plow and seed with crimson clover,
wheat, oats and rye.

7th year. Plow down the crimson clover and plant
corn and repeat the rotation.

The manure made from the feeding of all crops
grown on the land should be applied each year to the
thinnest part of the land. — Ed.

Breachy Cow.

Please state in Planter if you know of any plan
to prevent cow from throwing down fence with
horns? F. D. Swank.

Caswell Co., N. C.

Hang a board in front of her eyes so that she can-
not see the fence. A board about 8 or 10 inches wide
hung from the horns by a cord will be sufficient. The
cow can see to graze and walk around, but will let the
fences alone. — Ed.

Sheep.

Please tell me which kind of sheep you think are
best suited for this part of Virginia ? Have been
trying the Dorsets, but don't seem to have much luck
with them. Have some grade Southdowns in my
flock that seem to do better than anything else.

Pittsylvania Co., Ta. T. J. Fitzgerald.

We know no reason why you should not succeed
with Dorsets. They are doing well in many differ-
ent sections of the State. We personally are gtcat
admirers of the Shropshires and they do well in the
South. They are good as early lamb producers, good
mutton sheep and shear a good fleece. — Ed.

Cultivators.

Please let me know in the next issue if you can
.give me the name of some manufacturer who makes

a two-horse cultivator that will work out a six-foot
row of corn and will give satisfactory work from
first to last working. Also if the same cultivator
can be regulated to work in cotton, four feet rows,
where there are but few stumps above ground.
Which are the best walking or riding cultivators?

Robeson Co., N. C. A Subscriber.

Refer to the advertisements in this issue. You
will find a large number of different cultivators of-
fered. Send to the advertisers for particulars of
these and you will certainly find what you need.
They are all reliable people. Some farmers prefer
one make and some another. — Ed.

Riding Plow.

What is your idea on the riding plow, not the
roller disc ? It looks we will have to fix for the hands
to ride if nothing but the wheels of the ox cart with
the plow fastened under. J. C. Cooper.

Surry Co., N. C.

There is no doubt but that riding implements of
all kinds will have to be the rule in the future.
There is economy in the adoption of this idea, as
more work can be done in the same time and it can
be done with much more comfort to the workman.
The sulky plow used in the West can be used here
though we are strongly disposed to think that the
disc plow is to be the plow of the future. With rid-
ing plows and cultivators the farmer will be much
less dependent on his labor as he can hitch up his
team and mount the seat and do the work himself
with little more fatigue than taking a drive in his
buggy. ' One friend of ours who has adopted this idea
has rigged up an umbrella over the seat and he says
that he can work all day with comfort, nis hands,
too, appreciate the innovation and work more cheer-
fully.— Ed.

Cow Peas in Corn.

I want to know how to plant and cultivate the cow
pea with corn. Can I plant the pea between the hills
of corn in the same row ? At what time shall I plant
the pea so that I can harvest both at same time ?
What kind of pea is best for planting with corn?
Will the pea vine run up corn like the bean ?

Grayson Co., Va. Dr. J. Ring.

The practise of growing cow peas in the corn crop
to increase the value of the fodder as feed is one
strongly to be commended. It has been successfully
done in many places and can without doubt be done
successfully in this State. At the Delaware Experi-
ment Station the two crops are grown together for
the silo and materially enhance the feeding value of

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

253

the silage. In planting the crop the corn should be
put in at the usual time and then after the last work-
ing, say in June, the cow peas should be sown with
a drill alongside the corn rows. The peas will then
grow up the corn and the two crops can be harvested
together. The best variety of peas to use for this
purposes is the Whippoorwill, as the vines of this
variety keep closer to the corn and do not tangle the
crop together so much as do the ' ranker growing
varieties, like the Black and Wonderful.-— Ed.

Cow Peas, Canada Peas, Soy Beans.

Which of the legumes would be best suited to this
section and climate as a soil improver and for forage,
Cow peas, Canada peas or Soy beans ? How much
should be sown to the acre, and what is the best
method of harvesting ? Is it best to procure North-
ern grown seed, and when sown ?

Wythe Co., Ya. G. J. Repass.

In your section Canada peas would make a good
crop for forage or hay sown as late as March, but
after that time we would plant cow peas and soy
beans. Both of these crops should do well sown in
May. The New Era and the Red Ripper Peas
should both do well in your elevated lands, and the
Black and Whippoorwill on your lower lands. Sow
a bushel to the acre broadcast and harvest by cutting
with a mower and curing like clover hay. Soy
beans, if intended for a hay or forage crop may be
sown broadcast at the rate of a bushel to the acre,
but we advise that they be planted in rows two feet
six inches apart, and four or six inches apart in the
rows. Cultivate like a corn crop, and they will soon
meet in the rows on good land, and make a heavy
yield. One and one-half pecks of seed will sow an
acre. The Mammoth Yellow is the best and largest
yielding variety, but is rather late in maturing for
an elevated section, unless got in early in May.
Wood & Sons, of this city, are offering a new variety
the Hollybrook Early Soja, which they claim is three
weeks earlier than the Mammoth Yellow. This may
be better suited for elevated lands. We are not
aware that you can get Northern grown seed of Cow
peas or Soy beans, as they rarely mature seed far
North. — Ed.

vate cotton or any other crop. A plow has no place
in a field after the crop is planted. Its work is to
break the land for the crop. After this is done then
the harrow and cultivator are the proper tools to use.
Use a harrow to get a fine deep seed bed and after
the crop has been planted and is growing use a culti-
vator to keep the soil loose and finely mulched on
the surface to prevent loss of moisture. In the
advertising columns of the Planter you will find
many kinds of cultivators offered. The Iron Age is
a good cultivator. So are the Disc cultivators. We
hesitate to advise any particular variety of cotton,
as the yield of any variety largely depends on its
adaptability to the particular section. Usually a
cotton which has been grown in a particular section
and become acclimated to the soil and climate does
best. What is needed is that each grower should
make for himself a careful selection of seed from i
plants when they are growing, and having fixed on a
type, should improve the same by continued careful
selection each year. In this way a variety will be
secured adapted to the section. — Ed.

Cultivation of Cotton— Variety to Plant.

Please tell me in your next issue what kind of
plows to use in the cultivation of cotton, and what
kind of cotton to plant to produce the greatest num
ber of pounds to the acre. M. S. Whitted.

Bladen Co., N. C.

We would never use a plow of any kind to culti

Teocinte— Millet— Crops for Hogs.

Will you kindly give me some points on teocinte;
what distance do you plant it apart in drill, and
how many seed. Also a treatise on millets; also
sugar beets. I have a three acre lot. What is best
to plant it in for hogs ? Any information about hogs
I will thank you for. W. G. Robson.

Orange Co., N. C.

May is early enough to plant teocinte and millet.
We will say something on these subjects in the May
issue. Meanwhile we would say plant teocinte in
rows three feet six inches or four feet apart and
two feet apart in the rows. About three pounds of
seed will plant an acre.

Sugar beets should be sown in drills two feet six
inches apart in continuous rows. When the seeds
have come up and the plants are large enough to
handle thin to one plant every nine inches, and
then keep the crop well cultivated and free from
weeds. The land to grow this crop should be finely
prepared and be rich or it will make but a very poor
crop. Tn our last two or three issues we have pub-
lished much matter on crops for hogs and refer our
enquirer to these. Peas are the best crop to plant
now for hogs. — Ed.

Cotton Fertilizer.

I have a good lot of ashes and wish to know what
ingredients to mix with the ashes to make me a good
guano for cotton. What proportions must I put in ?

254

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

What will each ingredient cost to mix with the ashes
to make 2,000 pounds? J. S. Spencer.

Greensville, Co., Va.

In our last issue we gave advice as to the in-
gredients to be used to make a proper fertilizer for
cotton. We refer you to that number, page 160.
The ashes may be utilized as a general improver of
the land by being spread broadcast on it, but cannot
be made the basis of a good cotton fertilizer. They
are valuable for the potash and lime contained in
them, but the potash is not in the form best adapted
to cotton. This should be kainit. A better use of
the ashes could be made by applying them as a prep-
aration for a grass crop or for a pea crop. — Ed.

Sick Cattle— Tick Fever.

1. Eoes tick fever cause cattle to be loose in bow-
els ? If so, what is the remedy for it ? My cattle
have been loose in their bowels all winter, without
any cause that I can see, as I have fed them hay and
ground corn, and (for a change) corn fodder. They
also run at the nose, and I have lost several. I
bought a car of cattle in the Valley of Virginia in
February, 1903, and brought them down here to
fe ed for beef, but they have grown very little and
keep poor all the time. Would like to know if
cattle brought from the western part of this State or
farther west will be profitable for beef purposes?

2. Ought horses and cattle be allowed to run in
same pasture together ?

3. Will horses catch tick fever from cattle if al-
lowed to run together ?

4. Will it be detrimental to our health to use milk
and butter from cows so affected ?

Ceopsey & Mitchell,
T. P. Clarke, Manager.
Dinwiddie Co., Va.

1. Tick fever does not affect cattle in the winter.
The fever is only present when ticks are about, and
they are killed by cold weather. Looseness of the
bowels is not a symptom of the fever. On the con-
trary, constipation is the usual condition of the
bowels during the fever. Your cattle are evidently
suffering from some disease of the digestive organs,
and probably from the effects of severe colds taken
in the fall. Cattle brought from the West', if they
are not brought early enough to take the tick fever,
will usually do well on winter keep here. Thev
should not he brought here before October, or they
are pretty certain to have the fever, unless immu-
nized against it. In the Eobruary issue we gave the
results secured in feeding Angus cattle brought from
the West into Louisiana.

2. There is no objection to horses and cattle run-

ning together on a pasture, though they are better
kept separate.

3. The horses will not take tick fever.

4. This depends on the disease affecting the cat-
tle, but we would not use milk from a sick cow.— Ed.

Cold Water Paint.

Can you tell me anything about the durability of
cold water paint for the painting of buildings?
Would be glad to hear from some one of your readers
who have had experience with it.

Cumberland Co., Va. T. N. Wilsox.

We have had no experience in the use of cold water
paint, and therefore can give no advice on the sub-
ject. Will some of our readers who have used it
give their experience ? — Ed.

Preserving Stakes and Posts.

Will you please state the cheapest and best way to
preserve locust stakes and posts ? Of what value is
gas tar in preserving them ? Subscriber.

There is a preservative on the market called Car-
bolineum, which is very highly recommended for
this purpose, but we have had no personal experience
in the use of it. If the posts are painted with gas
tar this will make them last longer. Charring the
part to be put into the soil by holding them in a fire
for a short time also acts as a good protection. Pick-
ling the posts in creosote also acts as a great preser-
vative. Charring, however, is the cheapest and most
readilv available method. — Ed.

Crimson Clover and Sand Vetch.

Will crimson clover and sand vetch sown together
the last of July or first of August thrive well for
early spring forage for the pig?

Spotsylvania Co., Va. W. N. Underwood.

We do not advise the sowing of these two crops to-
gether, unless there is also sown with them some cereal
crop like winter oats, wheat or rye, or a mixture of
all three grains, which is best. The crimson clover
is not strong enough in its growth to hold up the
vetches. Mixed with the grains mentioned they
make a fine pasture for hogs. — Ed.

Diseased Apple Tree Branches.

I enclose apple tree twigs for your inspection.
Please tell me what is the disease affecting them.

Webster Co., Ky. J. K. Melton.

The branches have been killed by the twig blight,
which was very bad in some sections last year. This
is a disease of the same type as fire blight on pear
trees, and equally difficult of prevention. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

255

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The seasonable change in the weather which has
recently set in will, it is to be hoped, now continue.
Everything is very backward in the garden and truck
patches, fall planted crops having suffered very
severely all over the country. As soon as the land is
fit to work it should be stirred between the rows of
fall planted crops to encourage growth and when
growth has started it should be encouraged with a
dressing of nitrate of soda. Land intended to be
cropped should be worked into a deep fine bed as
soon as dry enough, but do not attempt to work
when wet. All compost and barnyard manure should
be spread broadcast on the land and be worked in
with the cultivator. If good crops are to be made
there must be no stinting of the quantity of manure
applied. Twenty tons to the acre may be put on
without fear of spoiling vegetable crops. If there be
not a sufficiency of farm yard manure supplement
it with a high grade fertilizer made up of 300
pounds of acid phosphate, 200 pounds of cotton seed
meal, 50 pounds of muriate of potash and 100
pounds of nitrate of soda. If no manure is applied
double the quantity of the fertilizer. Let this be
applied now and all be worked into the land and
then lay off the land in long straight rows so that
the crops can be readily worked with horse power.

Do not be in too great a hurry to sow seeds or set
out plants. It is not yet too late for frost to strike
and if young plants are just peeping through the
ground they may be cut off and this means loss and
a late crop.

English peas and Irish potatoes may be planted
and small patches of salads, lettuce, radishes, onions
may be sown, but it is best to delay the seeding of the
full crop until the end of the month or the begin
ning of May.

In this issue will be found an article on straw
berry growing and also one on asparagus growing
from seed to which we refer readers.

Sow seed of tomatoes, egg plants, pepper and
cantaloupes in. the frames and get them growing. As
they advance in growth see that they are set out in
cold frames to become stiff , stocky plants, and en-
courage this kind of growth by giving air freely

whenever the weather is mild. Be careful not to
have the plants drawn by being grown in too hot a
temperature.

Whenever cabbage plants have been killed by the
frost work the place well with a hoe and set out a
new plant from the cold frame. Give frequent cul-
tivation and when the crop is fairly growing give a
top dressing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the
acre.

Bed sweet potatoes for draws. See that the heat
of the hot bed is not too great when the potatoes are
bedded. Better have it too cold than too warm. The
weather will now soon warm up the beds and frames
and they must be watched to check overheating by
giving plenty of air.

See that the spraying of the orchard has atten-
tion. In our last issue will be found full instruc-
tions as to sprays.

Let the lawn and flower garden have a good tidy-
ing up before work on the farm presses for attention.
Clean up all trash and leaves and rake the lawn. Dig
over the flower beds and give them a good manuring
so that they may be ready to receive seeds and plants
when the weather is settled and warm enough. Let
this part of the home grounds at least be made at-
tractive during the summer.

Don't go off to plant the farm crops until you
have left everything in order in the vegetable and
flower garden so that without loss of time crops can
be put in and plants set out at odd spare moments,
and then the ladies of the house will be kept in good
humor and the table will be helped and beautified.

THE BITTER ROT OF APPLES.

This disease which is unfortunately widely spread
in the orchards of this State and caused great loss
last year is the subject of a bulletin prepared and
now being got ready for distribution by the Vir-
ginia Experiment Station. We extract the following
matter from the same as being of importance to be at
once in the hands of fruit growers. In our last issue
will be found full instructions for preparing Bor-
deaux mixture.

LIMB CANKERS AS SOURCES OF INFECTION.

The publication in July, 1002, by Burrill and

256

THE SOUTHED X PLANTER.

[April,

Blair of their observations on the so-called bitter rot
canker, and later publications bv Von Schrenk and
Spaulding along the same line, have raised a ques-
tion of the utmost importance in connection with the
annual recurrence of outbreaks of this disease. There
cannot now remain the slightest doubt but that these
gentlemen have found the bitter rot fungus growing
and producing spores in "cankers" on the apple
Dr. Burril] has very kindly furnished me an
apple limb showing a canker in which the parasite in
question was unmistakably present and fruiting. Tt
may also prove true that the statements of thi
tlemen to the effect that the "Bitter Rot Canker-" on
the apple tree limbs are the chief sources of the rein-
fection of the fruit each succeeding year in the dis-
tricts in which these observations were made. But
careful observations made here the past two summers
show that these statements do not apply to the occur-
rence of the bitter rot in the station orchards here.
We had for some time been observing the cankers on
lx>tk apple and pear in connection with an investiga-
tion on black rot of the apple. Sphcero£$is malorum,
and of the pear blight and twig blight of apple. In
no instance have we been able to find the presence
of the bitter rot fungus on the limbs or trunks of ap-
ple or pear, though we have especially watched for
its occurrence since the appearance of the publica-
tions cited.

During the past summer and fall the bitter rot
caused immense damage in the apple orchards in
some portions of Virginia, and so far as able, the
writer visited the orchard sections for the purpose of
making observations on the trouble and the probable
sources of annual reinfection of the fruit. Canker
spots "n the limbs of the older apple trees were found
in plenty, especially in those sections where twig
blight commonly occurs. In no case were we able by
observation to trace the slightest connection between
cankered limbs and the occurrence of rotted fruit.
Later microscopic examination of some of the more
promising material failed to show any trace of the bit-
ter rot fungus in the canker spots.

We have frequently found the bitter rot present
where no trace of cankered limbs could be found, and
the cankered limbs without the presence of bitter rot.
The often remarked occurrence of this trouble on the
fruit of young, healthy, smooth trees bearing their
first crop show- plainly that we are not yet war-
ranted in attaching much importance to the cankered
limbs as the source of infection in this State. Con-
sequently we suggest that our an vie growers should
be slow to undertake, severe pruning in order to re-
move cankered limbs. When pruning is necessary,
if these injured limbs can be cut away without harm
to the tree, this course is advised, but we advise
against attempts to control bitter rot by cutting out
the cankered limbs.

Xo fruit grower in this State has reported to us
reliable observation which in any wise connects the
outbreak of bitter rot with the canker. Some have
remarked in their correspondence that the cankers are
the source of the infection, but this is scarcely con-
vincing. It would be a great service if fruit growers
would observe this matter closely in future, and re-
port any observations they may make and send lie
specimens for verification. This qtiestion was re-
ferred to a number of the best specialists on fruit
diseases in the Atlantic Coast States, and withotit
exception they have so far reported that they have
not observed that the "cankers" are the source of the
bitter rot infection. The mummied fruits are uni-
versalis- regarded as the chief source of primary in-
fection.

SUGGESTION OH TKEATMEXT.

Up to the present, so far as known to the writer,
no thoroughly satisfactory study of remedial meas-
ures for this disease has been made. Sporadic and
incomplete efforts to control the bitter rot by the use
of Bordeaux mixture, ammoniacal copper solution,
sulphate of potassium, etc., have been frequently •
made, but no convincing statement as to just how to
proceed to its rational and safe control has come to
our notice. The serious difficulties attendant iipon
the treatment of such a trouble is responsible for this
somewhat chaotic condition of affairs. A result to
command confidence must show what can be accom-
plished in a series of years in comparison with un-
sprayed fruit of the same variety and grown under
like conditions. So far as my own observations and
experiments go, I am sure the first step ought to be
directed to —

Removing the sources of infection. — It appears
to be well established that the munimied fruits hang-
ing to the trees and the rotted fruits upon the soil
constitute in large measure the source of the annual-
ly recurring infection. Then they should be removed.
I have often stiggested in correspondence to growers
that they remove the growing fruit just as rapidly as
it shows rot. This has been practiced on a large scale
in Illinois, according to Burrill and Clinton. In
1001 we first resorted to this practice in the station
orchards, with apparently verv beneficial resxilts. as
the spread of the rot was stayed through this effort,
coupled with the application of spray washes.

However, we have never fotmd that removing the ~
mummied and rotted fruits, or the growing fruit as
it begins to show rot. will wholly prevent the disease.
If promptly and efficiently followed, these practices
accomplish good, but are not sufficient. All diseased
fruit removed should be so disposed of as to prevent
dissemination of the spores. Possibly burying is the
simplest plan. We are now prepared to say that in
many instances we believe it would be very wise to
remove certain varieties or certain trees on which the

1904.J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

257

disease seems to start. Intelligent observation must
determine such points. As stated under a previous
section, we are not ready to recommend extreme ef
forts to cut out all cankered limbs in Virginia or-
chards. There is as yet not sufficient evidence to war-
rant such a step ; but they should be cut out whenever
in the ordinary course of pruning this is found pos-
sible.

We have strong ground for saying that the second,
and perhaps most important, step in the way of rem-
edial measures should be the —

Application of sprays. — In saying this we do so
fully realizing the fact that there is evidence against
hopeful results. But the best results from experi-
ment stations, and the best work accomplished by
fruit growers, indicate clearly the value of the Bor-
deaux spray.

The time and method of application of the spray
is so essential that no result of value can be hoped for
unless these details are observed. There is no proof
that winter washes of any kind applied to the trees
will lessen the disease. Yet on general grounds we
advocate winter washes as a part of a rational system
of treating the orchard. There is also no evidence
that the early spring sprayings recommended in our
Bulletin 100 have any effect whatever upon the prev-
alence of bitter rot. These early treatments are very
essential to the health and viror of the orchard, and
should be made as directed in the Bulletin above
cited, and if omitted may, and in many cases will,
result in worse damage to the orchard than ordinarily
occurs from the bitter rot fungus ; but we wish to be
clear that these early treatments are not to be con-
sidered as primarily affecting the bitter rot question
one way or the other. If they do, no one has yet
proven this fact so far as appears in the literature.
The most careful early sprayings here have been
wholly negative as to results against bitter rot.

This brings us to the point where we wish to say
that, in our opinion, the only spray treatment of
value for this trouble is that which is applied direct-
ly to the fruit. The treatment being preventive, and
not curative, the application must be made in advance
of the infection. In all our observations the rot has
never appeared before the first of July, consequently
we advise that spray treatment for this trouble
should not begin before that date. If the season is
favorable to rot — viz., sultry, with hot sunshine and
showers — and the set of fruit warrants, the first ap-
plication should be made about the date mentioned
above — say July 1st to 10th. The grower should also
watch carefully for the first appearance of the disease
upon the fruit. If the spray has not been applied
when the disease is first observed, make the applica-
tion at once. If the fruit has been sprayed, and the
characteristic rot spots appear, respray the fruit at
once. One cannot do more than keep the fruit cov-

ered with a thin coat of the spray preparation. If
the Bordeaux is properly made and applied, it will
adhere sometimes for weeks, and I have known it to
adhere for two months on some varieties. The rec-
ommendations as to specific number of applications
to be made have no value. This must always depend
upon the judgment of the grower, and be governed
by weather conditions, etc. Wm. B. Alwood,
Expt. Station, Blacksburg, Va. Mycologist.

STAWBERRY CULTURE.

Editor Southern Planter:

The strawberry is the most important small fruit
the Southern farmer can grow. It is the earliest
fruit we have, very handsome,and of fine flavor, if
good varieties are grown. It is very easy to grow,
and very productive. Nearly every one likes the
large, red strawberry. But why is it so few farm-
ers grow enough for family use ? There is always
a demand for any surplus the farmer may have.
An acre of strawberries near a town might bring
more clear cash to the farmer than a whole field of
corn. I write this article to urge all farmers who do
not grow this excellent fruit to get some plants and
set them out this month. Now is the time, do not
put it off.

Prepare the ground well, give it a coating of well
rotted manure, with no seeds in it to come up after-
wards and give one the backache. Make the rows
three feet apart across the garden. Under field con-
ditions, I prefer them three and one-half feet apart.
Set the plants eighteen inches apart in the row.
Open a hole in the ground large enough to permit the
roots being well spread out. Press the dirt firmly
around the roots with the hand. Do not cover up
the crowns of the plants with soil, as it will smother
them. Do not wait for the soil to become wet before
planting. I prefer to set when it is in good work-
ing order. Do not let the roots of the plants become
dry by exposure to air and sun while setting. If
these instructions are followed carefully a good
start with the strawberry will be made. But what
varieties should I plant ? That will depend largely
upon whether you want the fruit for early or late
market, or for family use. There are several new
varieties being introduced every year with more or
less merit. The farmer can experiment with these
all he wants. No doubt some of them have excel-
lent qualities. Ten years ago I helped to test over
one hundred varieties in this State, and four years
ago I had one hundred and forty varieties under test
in Texas. I liked the Haverland variety best for

258

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Virginia, and the Excelsior and Lady Thompson
varieties best for the Gulf States. There may be
better varieties than these I mention, and where the
farmer knows of a good variety for his locality lie
should plant it.

Keep the weeds out of the rows through the sum-
mer, and give the plants frequent shallow, level cul-
tivation. Let the plants mat in the row forming a
matted row twelve inches wide.

CAEE OF OLD BEDS.

We frequently see small, weakly plants growing
among weeds and grass, which bear a scanty crop of
small fruit. What should be done with such a bed ?
Frequently it would cost more than the fruit is
worth to clean out the bed. I would make a new
setting on clean land at once, and let the old filthy
berl bear what fruit it will without work. After the
plants have fruited in this old bed, I would plow
it up and plant something else on the soil. Two or
three years is long enough to allow a bed of straw-
berries to stand. R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Va.

ASPARAGUS FROM SEED.

How to get good asparagus has generally been con-
sidered a difficult problem^ but the difficulty is more
imaginary than real. To solve the problem I made
a determined effort, first by availing myself of the
experience of the most distinguished horticulturists
of the past 300 years. I found as often as once in
75 years a sentence as follows, with scarcely a change
of word : "Most of our gardeners are now falling
back to the old method of sowing the seed where the
plants are to remain, as we can get much better re-
sults than by putting out roots, one or two years old,
whieh is now the common practice."

This method commended itself to my better judg-
ment, from the fact that some of the allied species,
grown in greenhouses for florists' use, cannot be
profitably grown in any other way. That is, when a
bench is to be filled it will not do to take old plants
and reset them, but young plants grown in pots alone
must be used, as the slightest injury to the roots was
fatal to success and that because of their fleshy, suc-
culent nature.

In the spring of 1001 I had a bed prepared in the
following manner, and the seed was sown May 20.
Trenches 3 feet deep by 1| feet wide were made, 5
feet apart. At the bottom of each I put in well-
rotted manure, mostly from the cow stable, to the
depth of 1 foot, and packed it well. The trench was
then filled to within 6 inches of the top with well-
rotted manure and the soil which was thrown out, in

about equal proportions, and thoroughly incorporated.
Upon this the seed was sown thinly, and covered half
an inch deep with the soil as thrown out, and firmly
packed down. The young plants soon appeared and
were thinned to 1 foot apart in the rows. They
should have been to 2 feet apart, as the plants now are
sadly too close. Growth was rapid, and I soon began
to draw in the earth around the plants until the
trenches were filled to the level.

Before the season of growth was ended there were,
on an average, six strong, healthy stems, many of
which were 4 feet high, bearing a full crop of seed.
As soon as the ground was frozen, the tops were cut,
carted off, and the whole bed covered with 3 inches of
coarse stable manure. My first work in the garden
in [March was to rake out the straw from the
manure and give the bed a slight dressing of common
salt, about one bushel to 20 to 25 square rods. This,
with the manure, was forked in to a depth of 4 inches,
but not deep enough to injure the crowns.

Just eleven months from the sowing of the seed 1
ctit asparagus, some of the heads being fully three-
fourths of an inch in diameter. Before the first of
Tune this season I cut two bunches, to show what
could be done. Many of the stems were an inch in
diameter at the base and nearly f inch 2 inches below
the tip. The same treatment was given the bed the
past winter and spring, and there was cut daily early
in May last season, from this bed, of about one-eighth
acre, 500 heads of asparagus, as fine as was ever sent
to market, both as regards size and quality.

There were several causes that contributed to this
success — among them : 1st, extreme cultivation ; 2,
favorable soil and situation ; 3, the sowing of the
seed where the plants were to remain ; and, 4, varie-
ty, which was a selection from the Palmetto, known
as the Great Emperor. — C. S. Allen in American
Agriculturist.

Fertilizer for Oats.

Please let me know in the Planter what kind of
fertilizer is best to put on spring oats, and where it
can be bought, and what is the price of same? Would
also like to know how to put oats in. I live on south
side James. Our land is light and sandy. Our
crop here is peanuts. What manure would suit
them best, we have to use marl or thev will come

pops !

S. B. E.

Give the oats a top dressing of nitrate of soda, 100
pounds to the acre. This can be bought from
William S. Myers, 12 John street, New York, whose
advertisement you will find in the Planter. In
our last two issues we gave advice as to seeding oats.
Tn the last issue you will find advice as to a fertilizer
for peanuts. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

Live Stock and Dairy.

^259

A TYPICAL DORSET FLOCK.

HAY SUBSTITUTES FOR STOCKFEEDING.

(Continued from March issue.)

HAT SUBSTITUTES FOE WINTERING BEEF CATTLE.

Realizing that many farmers would wish to see
similar work carried out with beef cattle, we selected
fourteen spayed heifers, feeding them with articles
of roughage as mentioned before, giving some of
them a portion of hay, but no silage. We wanted to
keep them in a thrifty conditon, but did not aim to
put on a large amount of flesh ; therefore gave each
eight pounds of a mixture similar to that given the
cows, except without the middlings and linseed meal.
Grain ration was same in all cases.
TA"LEir.

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AVER *OF.N'UMBER LBS. CON-

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SUM KD WEEKLY.

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108

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As a basis of comparison we gave Nos. 1 and 2 hay
alone. Heifer No. 1 should be eliminated from the

test for, on account of not being accumtomed to stalls
in the barn, she constantly injured her knees, so
much so, it was very evident it retarded gain in flesh,
the others not suffering in like manner. We were
also unfortunate with two others in the series. No.
14 receiving an injury by falling, of such severe na-
ture, that she was taken out of the list early in the
test period. The heifers were all bought as spayed
animals, but toward the close of our work, it became
very evident that No. 7 would soon drop a calf and
hence this one should not be considered in the list.
With these exceptions the cattle were all very thrifty
and as uniform as a bunch of grade Shorthorns se-
lected from seventy-five animals, could well be. Look-
ing at the gains of four animals first in order, we
note the rather remarkable fact that the ones eating
stover, made a greater gain than the ones eating hay.
Even if we leave out No.l as suggested, the stover
fed lot lose nothing by comparison, as the best of the
latter lot made 17 pounds more gain than the better
one of the hay fed lot.

Proceeding with Nos. 5 and 6, we note that only a
very small amount of straw was eaten, and the gains
were relatively small, only seven pounds in one, and
forty pounds in second case. If we eliminate No. 7,
as we should, on account of being with calf, then the
gains of the lot given hulls, would seem but little
better than the previous ones, even though they ate
much more of the hulls than of the straw.

As we proceed with the balance of the cattle, wo

260

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

note nearly the same proportionate gains. The aver-
age of the two having hay and stover, is considerably
more than the next, which were given hay and straw,
or of the last, given hay and hulls.

Summing up the work in both tests herein de-
scribed, it would seem that we can draw some quite
definite conclusions, at least for this section of the
State, and with one or two modifications, for other
portions of Virginia.

Corn stover can be used to excellent advantage as
a roughage for beef animals and with a moderate
amount of grain, it compares very well with others
given hay. Fur dairy cows and when used with
silage and a moderate grain ration, it makes an ad-
mirable food. We have given a herd of dairy cows no
roughage for the entire winter, except stover and
silage, with grain as mentioned. The animals gave
every apearance of thrift, and a good flow of milk
continued.

At time of writing and for a month and a half
previous, this has been the food given to our herd of
over a hundred animals and with most excellent re-
sults. The use of straw cannot be so highly com-
mended, and yet it can serve a good purpose, espe-
cially when hay is high in price. If given more
grain to make up for the deficit in quality of the
straw, it will carry stock safely through a winter,
and even horses may do hard work, if given the best
of care. Of course if one can get oat straw it is con-
siderably better than that from wheat. For dairy
cows, or in fact for stockers to be carried over, if
they can have some silage and the straw mixed with
it, as mentioned before, they are likely to come out
in the spring in a very thrifty condition.

Of the cotton seed hulls, we cannot speak very en-
couragingly, for this section. As one authority states,
"they are in value about equal to oat straw." From
our trial we should so consider them, though we were
obliged to tempt the animals by every known means,
before they would eat them, due very likely to the
fact they had never had access to them before.

It would seem as though it was unwise to ship such
a roughage from the South where all coarse food is
in demand, to this region where it is easily grown.
We cannot hope to get them here for less than $7.00
to $7.50 per ton in car lots, and if they are only of
the value of oat straw, that is too much to pay for
them.

While mentioning cotton seed hulls, let us sound a
word of caution concerning another product, at times
sold as cotton feed, that is cotton seed hulls with a
slight amount of cotton seed meal, mixed with them.

The meal, of course, would add to the value of the
hulls, but it affords so much opportunity for the
maker or dealer to add greatly to selling price of the
hulls, with addition of a very small amount of the
meal, it is a very unsafe article to buy. To give a
more definite turn to the argument, we have on hand
hulls, that could probably be bought in small lots for
not more than $9.00 per ton, and perhaps for less.
These contain, according to analysis made by our
chemical department, 4.19 per cent, of protein. Some
cotton feed, (hulls and meal mixed) recently pur-
chased near here at $14.00 per ton, contained only
4.63 per cent, of protein, or less than a half per cent,
more than the hulls alone, but with a price five dol-
lars per ton higher. We are also using some cotton
meal that could be bought in car lots at $26.00 per
ton and this contains over 46 per cent, of protein.
Compare this with the so-called cotton feed, and one
can see at a glance which is the cheaper food to buy.
In portions of Virginia where freight rates are low,
it may be possible to use hulls to advantage, but
rather than buy the mixed hulls and meal, it is far
better to buy each separate and mix in proportions
and as wanted.

In seasons such as the one just past, when the rain-
fall is so small in the early spring as to seriously cut
off the hay crop, we often look about for some plant
to sow to supplement the small hay harvest.

Millets are often sown and with excellent results,
but corn may be planned later than is usually con-
sidered wise and yet get a valuable crop. This season
we had almost no rain until the last days of June.
As soon as the soil was moist enough to plow, we
turned a piece of turf (after cutting a very poor hay
crop), ordered it, put on 200 pounds per acre of 16
per cent, acid phosphate, and planted to corn, finish-
ing on July 3rd. A portion of the field was planted
with a very small variety known as Pride of the
North and the balance with the larger and yet rather
early Learning. The stalks of the former were small,
hardly larger than ones thumb, full of leaves, and in
September before frost came the ears were well in
the milk state. The Learning was nearly as far ad-
vanced in the ear, but the stalk was much larger and
did not cure as thoroughly after cutting. To cure it
we cut with a corn harvester, dropping the bundles
separately and allowed to lay for three or four days
and then shocking. This was used during last of
December and first of January and was much rel-
ished by stock. We obtained from the small variety,
a yield of 4,220 pounds per acre and of the larger
variety 3,860 pounds per acre, the former having

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

261

been planted somewhat thicker to make up for small
size of plant. Considering the late date of planting,
the crop was a good one and makes a very satisfac-
tory "hay substitute" and while costing far less per
ton than the cotton seed hulls, was worth more to us.
D. O. jSToukse, Agriculturist.

Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Ya.

We have fed both oat and wheat straw largely to
cattle which were only desired to be kept in thriving
condition. Our practice was to cut the same into
chaff and then spread a layer on the feeding house
floor, say six inches thick, damp this well with water
then add other layers and damp same until we had
sufficient for a day's feeding. Mix well and then
make up into a compact heap and cover with bagging.
In 24 hours the heap will have warmed up and if
then a little grain feed be mixed with the straw or
if cut roots be fed with it the cattle will eat it read-
ilv and do well on it. — Ed.

SOME PREDISPOSING CAUSES OF DISEASE
AMONG HORSES AND CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

During the last few months I have been called to
several different counties in the State to investigate
what was thought to be a contagious, and entirely
new, disease among horses in two cases, and cattle in
several others. However, I have found only a very
few outbreaks in the State that were of a contagious
nature, thus needing quarantining. On the other
hand I have seen numbers of animals, that were thor-
oughly diseased, and in fact, in a most debilitated
condition, the initial cause being the extreme winter,
faulty diet, over work and defective sanitary condi-
tions.

The farmer knows well that the colder the weather
the more wood is hurned in order to keep the sitting
room warm ; likewise thicker clothing, and especially
bed covering, is used by the entire household, yet very
few farmers think it necessary to increase the warmth
of the stable during an extreme cold spell. They will
let the straw rot out in the field in an old stack, in-
stead of .putting it under the horses for bedding
where it will not only keep the poor animals warm
and comfortable, but will also ahsorb the urine and
be much better manure than it was when left in the
field.

Every farmer will admit that "corn is heating,"
yet few of them think to give each animal an extra
supply of that warming material on a cold night.

Anything that is debilitating to the animal's system
predisposes said animal to disease. An animal that
is very hungry, and is not furnished the proper food,
will often eat materials which are injurious to its
health ; though it is commonly thought that just be-
cause an animal eats a thing that the particular thing
eaten is of course good for the beast.

In fact, faulty diet predisposes the entire system
to disease; non-nutritious , indigestible food is un-
doubtedly the cause of a great many deaths among the
domestic animals of our country that are supposed to
have died from the effects of some contagious disease.

In other words, an indigestible siibstance passing
through the alimentary canal of any animal has about
the same effect upon the animal as an iron bolt, or
tap, has upon a shredding machine when it is acci-
dentally fed into the machine — it renders the machine
incapable of properly shredding the tender fodder
that it once shreded to perfection.

Pure, nutritious, food is very essential to good
health as it strengthens the animal and enables it to
throw off disease.

Overwork also often debilitates an animal to such
an extent as to make it either refuse its food, or he
unable to digest the food when taken into the system,
thus leaving the animal in a condition to contract
many diseases that a strong individual would readily
resist.

Last to mention, hut not least in importance, is the
defective sanitary conditions which I have observed
at the sleeping, feeding and watering places of horses
and cattle in this State.

Every stable should be cleaned out daily, yet 1 find
horses standing in manure to their fetlocks ; the stable
should be warm and dry, though well ventilated. I
noticed cattle fed on the ground in barn lots, where
half of their food was out of sight in the mud under
their feet.

Now as to the water supply, it is a wonder to me
that some animals ever get out of the water after
they go in to drink, as I have seen the mud on either
side of the stream so stiff and deep that it was hard
for a 1,200 pound horse to make his way out of the
water after drinking, thus no animal would go into
the ford unless it was very thirsty. The water should
be easy to reach, and above all, everything around the
drinking water should be clean.

Less medicine and more caution as to food and the
general surroundings of the animals will largely re-
duce the per cent, of diseases among all farm stock.
J. G. Ferneyhough,
State Veterinarian.

262

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

HAMPSHIRE DOWNS IN VIRGINIA.

At Round II ill Farm, Loudoun county, Va., Mr.
J. D. Thomas has one of the finest flocks of Hamp-
shire Down Sheep to be found in this country, of part
of which we reproduce a picture recently taken.
This flock was established in 1892, and has been
carefully bred and constantly improved since that
time. The flock has supplied many choice speci-
mens of the breed to breeders all over the Northern,
Eastern and Southern States, and has been produc-
tive of much wealth to the owners. The Hampshire
Downs are one of the largest types of Down Sheep,
and have blacker faces and legs than any other of the
Down breeds. They are prolific breeders, producing
twins almost regularly, and often triplets. The
lambs grow fast, and the sheep mature early. They
are fine mutton sheep, and shear a heavy fleece of
medium fine wool. The breed acclimatizes well in
the Southern States and is one worthy of the atten-
tion of sheep lovers.

SHEEP PARASITES— STOMACH WORMS.

Editor Southern Planter:

We hope to say something about sheep parasites
that will be helpful to our Virginia farmers. We
have learned through much experience on Edgewood
Farm and having come through victorious as regards
one form of parasite, we think we can be of some ser-
vice to others.

Many years ago we started in the sheep business on
a large scale for our farm, using grade Down ewes
and Shropshire and Southdown rams of pure blood.
We had for a few years wonderful success with our
lambs. Our lambs generally got away in June aver-
aging from 88 pounds to 02 pounds, a large number
of them weighing as high as 115 pounds and some
even more than this. We knew as little about sheep
parasites then as a rabbit. At that time few were

writing abo\it such things, for most people were, like
us, ignorant of such things. Occasionally a shrewd
farmer would write some story about worms in his
lambs' stomachs, but most of us paid little attention
to his story, thinking it about as improbable as the,
one about the sheep biting their heels and getting
grubs in their nose.

Some years later our lambs began to fall off some,
although we were improving our flock all the time.
About 1890 they were weighing only about 80
pounds, but such lambs were good and we were mak-
ing good profits, so we wondered quietly about the
falling off and said nothing. A few years later we
were selling lambs that averaged only about 75
pounds, a steady decrease every year. We began to
notice considerable coughing in our flock and occas-
ionally we would note the death of a lamb from
"'paper-skin," an old disease which for years had
been known to attack late lambs in seasons of un-
usual rainfall. We had a few years before intro-
duced the Dorsets and they were allowed to run with
the other sheep. The thing that stirred us up, was
the loss of three beautiful purebred Dorset lambs
from the "paper skin." One of our finest Dorset ewes
did not do well during this year, but in spite of it
she dropped two lambs that fall, went through the
winter pale in skin and weak, got with lamb by acci-
dent and the next April dropped two more lambs.
The strain was too much and she succumbed. I look
upon the loss of this favorite ewe as the best thing
that ever happened to us in the sheep business. This
led to investigation. Hundreds of stomach worms
were found in the fourth stomach of this ewe and
every lamb that died that spring, and we had plenty
of victims, revealed abundant proof of the presence
of these small thread like worms in the stomach and
intestines. We knew the trouble, but could find no
remedy. The papers were being filled with state-
ments about the parasites, but the remedies suggest-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

263

ed, the principle of which was turpentine, afforded
no relief. We were having heavy losses both among
our ewes and lambs and the lambs we put ou Ihe
market were mean and trifling. Most of them were
left on our hands and those that were taken up rarely
weighed as much as 65 pounds. We had reached the
bottom and began to stop the sheep business.

Finally, we struck an article by Joe Wing, well
known now as an agricultural writer, describing
some of his experience. He had suffered as we had,
but had learned of gasoline as a remedy, tried it with
good results, and recommended it. We tried it on
some of our lambs and saved the lives of some.
Others tried it and reported many deaths from the
gasoline and had no favorable reports from its use.
Unquestionably gasoline would sweep stomach worms,
or, at least many of them from the lambs, but lambs
that had been attacked never seemed to grow and it
appeared impracticable to maintain the sheep busi-
ness by trying to fight off stomach worms with gaso-
line, so we let the body of our flock go, but not until
we had learned a most important lesson. As we val-
ued our Dorsets most we separated them from the
main flock and kept them from the old pastures. They
were dosed with gasoline and turned on our wheat
fields or first year meadows. After the first year we
noticed that our Dorset lambs had pink skins and got
fat, weighing as much as 100 pounds, while the lambs
kept on the old pastures were trifling as before and
were true types of the stomach worm lambs. This
clearly showed that the pastures were in part, at
least, the source of infection. This was an important
point. We resolved that our Dorsets should never be
allowed on the infected pastures again and should be
given a dose of gasoline every spring before the grass
had come. We have followed this plan strictly and
now for several years our Dorsets have been in the
pink of condition and no evidence at all of stomach
worms. Last June our Dorset lambs were as fine as
we ever saw. We had one that weighed 139 pounds
and others that went above 120 pounds. Lambs that
weigh like this are not hurt by any form of parasite.

I have rehearsed this to convince you that we
have had some experience. Now very briefly allow
me to give a plan, which may save you from disaster
in the sheep business.

Biologists do not agree on the development of the
stomach worm. Some think that the eggs of the
worms — that they are good layers, no one who has
ever seen a female worm under a microscope can
doubt, for I suppose one thousand eggs would be a
low estimate for the mass of eggs found in the egg

bag — are passed with the dung and in the summer
months hatch out in the soil and the larvae crawl up
on the wet grass and are thus picked up by the lambs.
This is not at all implausible and will explain our
infected pastures. It is hard to explain their endur-
ing the hard winters in the soil and keeping the soil
infected for two or three years after sheep have been
removed from the pastures. It must be remembered
that much can be said against this plan of develop-
ment. Two trustworthy Southern farmers report
fearful ravages from stomach worms among their
lambs, when ewes had been brought from another
State and turned to pastures that had not seen sheep
in twenty years. In both cases it has been proved,
however, that the ewes were badly infected and had
given poor results the year previous. In these cases
the parasites most certainly wintered in the ewes and
in the spring the eggs were passed out in sufficient
number to infect the pastures by May, so that the
lambs were sure of getting the worms, or rabbits,
which are known to be subject to the same parasites,
had infected the pastures. This, by the way, may ex-
plain the well known leanness of the East Virginia
"old bar'." It seems to me that it suggests most
strongly that stomach worms pass the winter in the
intestines of the sheep, or in its tissues, although I
must say that an examination of two from flocks
known to have been infected the summer before failed
to reveal any stomach worms in the month of Decem-
ber. This will not settle the matter. We need more
evidence. In order to make ourselves doubly safe
let's suppose that both methods of development are
possible. How shall we proceed? Eirst, get your
sheep off the old pasture for at least three years. If
you cannot furnish enough meadow pasture for your
flock, pasture what you can on your meadows and
rent pasture for your sheep on farms, where sheep
have not run. You can use your own pastures for
cattle. It will be a good thing for your farm pas-
tures to get sheep off them for a little time, even if it
will give weeds a fine chance.

Second, about April 1 give all your ewes two doses
of gasoline on successive days, keeping them from
food for twelve hours before giving the dose.

Third, when you wean your lambs, give them two
doses of gasoline administered in the same way and
turn them on your wheat stubble or on your meadows,
which have just that year been cut.

By this plan I think you will within four years
eradicate stomach worms entirely and then, for your
own sake and for the sake of your neighbors, never
srive the stomach worm another chance. To do this

264

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

I recommend the cutting down of your flock perma-
nently, if you have been heavily stocked. Better
raise 100 lambs that will weigh 80 pounds in June
than 200, half of which will not be taken up at all
and the rest at about 65 pounds. If you have about
half the sheep your farm will carry, mv advice is to
pasture these on one-half the farm for two years,
using the other half for cattle, horses and hogs and
for the following two years exchange pastures. In
this way you can keep your flock in fine health and
can raise lambs that are worth handling.

I am aware that many Virginia farmers do not
suffer as much from stomach worms as others, as they
raise early lambs and get them off in May. Not till
June do the stomach worms get in their work, but
this does not save your ewe lambs that are kept over.

In administering gasoline observe the following
simple directions and you will lose no sheep and have
no trouble:

1. Use a bottle with very long neck, or choose one
into the neck of which a six inch rubber tube will
fit tight and snug. This bottle should hold eight or
ten ounces.

2. Never give over a tablespoonful of gasoline to
one sheep. If a lamb weighs less than 60 pounds
give two teaspoonf uls.

3. Put the gasoline into the drench bottle first and
then six ounces of milk. Shake well.

4. Never force the dose. If a sheep struggles, re-
move bottle from mouth. Let the sheep take its time
about swallowing. Better just push the sheep up in
a corner and let some one hold it firmly, while you
very slightly elevate the head and administer the
dose. Don't push head up high; you will strangle
it every time and this is fatal.

I have dosed hundreds and never lost but one and
I am sure this sheep had heart trouble of some kind.
Maxwelton, W. Ya. H. B. Aebuckle.

EWE DISOWNING LAMB.

Editor Southern Planter:

A ewe can be made to own her lamb by cutting off
its tail and rubbing the blood on her nose. Seeing
the lamb in distress arouses her motherly instinct, or
the taste of its blood has the proper effect, and she
will give you no more trouble.

Campbell Co., Va. H. T. Patrick.

We have often succeeded in making a ewe adopt a
lamb by smearing it with the blood and mucous mat-
ter discharged by the ewe after lambing. — Ed.

THREE DORSET LAMBS

bred on Edgewood Earni, W. Va. In June these
lambs weighed 139 pounds, 129 pounds, and 122
pounds, respectively.

TEXAS FEVER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I beg to offer, through the columns of your valuable
paper, a receipt for the prevention of Texas Fever in
cattle. If I mistake not, this receipt appeared in the
Southern Planter at the time Mr. Ruffin was the
editor, but whether it did or not, I can and do recom-
mend its use by all parties owning cattle in infected
districts. I used it for a number of years while liv-
ing on a farm near and around which Texas Fever
prevailed annually, yet I never had a case of the
fever amongst my cattle. A brother of mine also
used it for a longer period than I did, with the same
success. I have also given the receipt to others, and
received in every instance favorable reports. Mark
you, this is a preventive and not a cure for the dis-
ease. The following is the receipt :
."> tablespoonsful ; saltpetre, 3 tablespoonsful (pul-
5 tablespoonsful; sale petre, 3 tablespoonsful (pul-
verized). Mix thoroughly and feed to the cattle in
place of salt, beginning to use it the last of April or
first of May, and continuing its use until the last of
October. Give it to them at least twice a week.
Let me say further, that at the time Mr. Ruffin edited
the Southern Planter this disease was known as
Dry Murrain and not as Texas Fever. So great is
my faith in this prescription that I believe by con-
stant use of it in any community, Texas Fever, in a
few years, will become a thing of the past in that
community. Thomas E. Cobbs.

Orange Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

265

The Poultry Yard.

THE TURKEY OUTLOOK.

Editor Southern Planter:

The great demand and unprecedented prices for
turkeys for the last few months ought to open our
eves to the need of more enterprise in this line of
business.

The prices alone leave no doubt as to the small
number of turkeys left to begin with this season. A
large number of turkey raisers sold out entirely,
leaving a few in jiossession of the field. Now is the
time to begin with a few and build up a reputation
for the future.

It is in order to begin turkey culture in a business-
like way and not trust to luck for results after a little
attention at first. I know people who say the least
attention given to a flock of turkeys after the first
few days, the better luck may be expected, but from
long experience I know this to be erroneous. It is
quite true, what few arrive to maturity are splendid
specimens, but that is a proof of the "survival of the
fittest," as only those of iron constitution can stand
such a life. A young flock should have regular atten-
tion for months, in fact at no time should they be com-
pelled to gather all their food. Such a season as last
year puts us to the test. The long continued damp-
ness, I might say rain, made the turkey business dark
and uncertain, and resulted in total failure in a num-
ber of instances. The long confinement in close
quarters was found as destructive to life as running
at large, getting wet and drabbled. This fact should
make the future outlook better, for we should not
embark upon the coming season without proper prep-
aration for all kinds of weather — if we have realized
our mistakes. A larger house with plank floor will
be a necessity. Upon this litter straw, etc., may he
scattered, and always grit, and green sods for the
mothers who abhor close quarters.

Young turkeys have ravenous appetites, and while
four feeds may be given with impunity, the first
week of their lives daily, too much at a time would
be detrimental. Hard boiled eggs, corn bread, stale
ligh thread are all good feeds but vary them, so as
to keep them hearty. If anv seem sleepy, or a little
slow examine them carefully for vermin. These
often exist when not visible. Dust the mothers with
Persian Insect Powder and grease the heads of the
young ones with lard and kerosene oil every few
weeks. When they get as large as frying size chick-
ens use insect powder occasionally. Feed wheat,

cracked corn and bread. Keep lime always at hand,
there is nothing they relish more. Mix it up like
dough with a little water and scatter it around the
place. All the chickens will help to eat it, and pay
you in eggs for your trouble. Keep the turkeys tame.
Teach them to look for food at the same hour and
place each day and they will soon meet you there.
There is no grander fowl raised, and nothing that
gives a better return for care and attention than the
turkey. Mes. Jno. F. Payne.

Albemarle Co., Va.

THE BEST BREEDS TO KEEP.

For the requirements of a suburban resident we do
not think we have any variety of fowl to equal the
White Leghorn, or as a matter of fact any of the
Leghorn family. It has been our experience they do
well in confinement so long as scratching material
under cover is provided for them to exercise their
scratching propensities. Objection is raised to their
flying propensities, but this need not be a barrier, for
if even the runs are not covered over with wire net-
ting, the simple process of cutting one wing so
unbalances them that they could not, if they tried, fly
over a five foot fence.

In erecting a fence to keep in fowls many make a
mistake in running wooden rails along the top from
post to post, to which they attach the wire walling,
whereas if they would use cable wire instead and
strain the walling to this cable by using lacing wire
the inmates of the yard would not make any attempt
to fly over; besides the cable wire is much better,
being neater than unsightly wooden rails.

For a purely farmers' fowl, where a free run is ob-
tainable, we consider Buff and White Rocks and some
strains of Barred Rocks are as good as any, although
as a general rule we consider all of the varieties of
Rocks lay too small an egg for the food they con-
sume, and are. inclined to become too fat after their
first season to rank in the first class as egg producers.

The Wyandotte family are an excellent all round
breed, good layers of fair average sized eggs, and as
a table fowl have very few equals, are great foragers,
and hardy. Whites seem to- have the call at present,
and as a show fowl have become very popular, as is in
evidence by the abnormal entries at most of our lead-
ing exhibitions in all sections of the country. — Farm
Poultry.

266

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

The Horse.

NOTES.

In the March issue of The Planter our esteemed
correspondent, W. R. C, a well-known Virginian
who breeds horses on his fine estate in Westmoreland
county, takes me to task in a pleasant way because I
have failed to lay sufficient stress on size in trotting
stallions kept for stud purposes. I am glad to note
the stand taken by our correspondent, which is perti-
nent, but really it seems the breed of trotting bred
horses is yet in a formative state, and we can never
be quite certain of results. Experience and judg-
ment in mating count for much I admit, but even
here results are oftentimes misleading and fall far
short of the object sought, because any breed yet in
the formative process does not produce true to a type.
I have in mind several stallions possessing size with
symmetrical form and speed, still it is rare indeed
that you see one of their eet to even compare with the
sire. This may be in a measure accounted for by
lack of qualities most desired on the maternal side,
but with due consideration there the results so much
sought for frequently do not obtain. My observation
is that beauty and finish, also speed, follow certain
lines with far greater uniformity than others, but
when it comes to size, there is not only a greater un-
certainty, but coarseness is more than likely to fol-
low increased proportions. However, the general
preference is for large horses, and the average farmer
and breeder will do well to bear this in mind, and
shape his course accordingly, being contented to cast
his lot for drawing prizes in the lottery of breeding.
Personally, my preference would be take chances
with a well turned, sound — and remember, that I
lay special stress on soundness — representative of a
family that breed size, and if results were not satis-
factory I should try to select another stallion without
losing sight of my original purpose. But, to my
mind, speed is really a secondary consideration to the
average breeder and rather to be sought for by those
possessing both means and inclination to develop iT
for racing.

Commenting further <rW. R. C" remarks that no
attention is paid to the American saddle horse in
these columns, in reply to which I may state that
this breed seems to flourish nowhere else as in Ken-
tucky and some parts of Tennessee, while a few are
bred in other Southern States, but here in Virginia
the type has been mostly superceded by hunters and
jumpers, which are required to walk, trot and gallop,
and show no tendency to mix gaits or show the run-
ning walk, the latter a gait so popular until within

the past few decades. I have no fault whatever to
find with the gaited saddler, as he is suggestive of
beauty of form, finish and other desirable qualities,
but the law of demand creates a supply and for this
reason the hunter and jumper has about superseded
the gaited horse in this State and Virginia has come
to be known as one of the principal markets of the
world for breeding, rearing and developing the hunt-
er, a type usually produced bv crossing thorough-
bred sires on large general purpose mares possessing
muscular development and good, heavy bone.

Prospects seem bright for stallion owners in this
section and all signs seem to indicate that a large
number of mares will be bred. Kelly, 2 :27, the bay
stallion by Electioneer, dam famous thoroughbred
Esther, dam of four in the list, by Express, in the
stud of W. J. Carter, attracts attention wherever
shown. Kelly's record does not even indicate his
speed limit as he could trot a two minute gait while
his full sister Expressive. 2 :12i. was the greatest
three year old trotting campaigner ever seen. She
is 16.2 in height and the Esther family is one in
which fine size and finish predominates. A number
of choice mares have already been booked to Kelly
and breeders will act wisely in considering his claims
for patronage.

The bay pacing mare Joyful Maiden, 2 :19}, by
King Nutwood, owned by W. R. MeComb, of the
Union Stock Yards. ha« joined the stable of M. E.
Hanson at Montezeuma Earm, and will probably be
raced again this season. Others in the same stable
are the chestnut stallion Estuary. 2:19$, by Expedi-
tion, 2:15f ; Zack, chestnut geldinsr. 5, bv Sidney
Prince. 2:21}. dam Thrift, dam of Admiral. 2:17).
by Meander : Dr. Eloyd, bav gelding, fi. by Sidney
Prince, dam, the dam of Albert C. 2:16i, by Clay,
and several well bred youngsters. Hanson hails from
Montague, Michigan, but during his residence of
five year-: in Virginia he has made numbers of
friend? by his pleasant manners and quiet, unpre-
tentious manners, and quite a fair share of ability as
a trainer, driver and conditioner, too. he has shown
himself the possessor of by racing and marking such
horses as Clarion. 2:15 J; Little Guv. 2:17}: Eor-
ney, 2:19}: Estuary, 2 :19£; News Bdy, 2:21$;
Sidney Prince. 2:21), and J. R.. 2 :24). and these
with material none too promising to work upon in
this State.

Broad Rock.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

267

Miscellaneous.

VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE.

Editor Southern Planter:

At this writing I notice that the Legislature has
just made an appropriation of $165,000 for the above
institute. This is a good appropriation and that is
what I have advocated in previous issues of the
Planter and begged the farmers urge their repre-
sentatives to make. • Now it is "up to the Board" to
do the "proper thing" for the agricultural side of
this institution which has been so far behind the
times. I fear the Board "needs a little reminder."
A large part of the small equipment the agricultural
department now has is used in producing "Mess Hall
supplies" and, in a previous request to the Legisla-
ture, the Board only asked for $20,000 for housing
and equipping a building for agricultural, horticul-
tural and veterinary work. When it is remembered
that both teaching and scientific investigation are to
be carried on in such a building, such a sum is en-
tirely too small to meet requirements. I asked the
president of the Board to ask for more money for such
an equipment — to make it at least $50,000. I also
asked him to provide for a short winter course in
agriculture and horticulture, to have stock judging,
grain judging and plant breeding taught on a broader
scale. He assured me he would do so if they could
get a good appropriation. Now the appropriation
has been made, will we get these things ? Is Vir-
ginia to have an agricultural equipment at the. insti-
tion of which Virginia farmers will justly feel
proud ? The Legislature has done its duty. Now, let
those who have charge of this money do theirs for
the agricultural side of this institution, which the
editor of the Planter truthfully stated in the March
issue was far behind the mechanical side of the insti-
tute. We like very much to see large numbers of stu-
dents attend the college but this fact in itself counts
for but little unless the standard of instruction is
also high and proper facilities are afforded for ad-
vanced teaching. No third or second grade equip-
ment for agricultural education and training is good
enough for Virginia. She needs the best and the ap-
propriation her Legislature has given will go a long
way towards securing this if the Board will only use
a large part for that purpose. Not only is the equip-
ment for teaching far behind, but several depart-
ments of the Experiment Station need strengthening
very much. What I have written is, of course, in the
nature of a friendly suggestion. Being a graduate
of the institute and a farmer by calling and practice.

makes me feel a deep interest in the advancement of

the agriculture of the State and this must largely

come from the instruction at the Farmers' College.

Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price.

EASTERN AND WESTERN METHODS,

Editor Southern Planter:

You may have wondered how it is possible for
Western farmers to raise corn to profit at 25 cents
per bushel, shelled and delivered in the elevators,
and hay at from $4 to $6 per ton, baled. Perhaps
you have tried to reason this thing out and have
come to the conclusion that their land is so much bet-
ter.

Is that the only reason? Supposing you had the
use of good land, land that would with proper culti-
vation yield 8 to 10 barrels per acre, how much would
the work of preparing the field, planting, cultivating,
harvesting, shelling and hauling to station cost you,
figuring your own time the .same as you would pay
your hired help ? How much profit would you make
at 25 cents per bushel ?

Good soil is one of the causes of cheap corn out
West but by no means the only one. Corn is handled
but once by hand. It is husked direct from the
standing stalks into the wagon, two rows at a time,
while the team walks slowly along. Husking 50
bushels per day is considered a fair day's work for
a man and his team, though some men will husk as
much as a hundred. On the side opposite to the
lnisker, high side-boards are clamped to the wagon
box to prevent ears from being thrown over. The
husks are left on the stalks.

At noon the husker drives home with 50 bushels
in ears piled high against the sideboard, stopping
alongside of the corn crib. In the wagon, resting on
the endgate and slanting to the bottom of the box is
the scoop board, so that a large scoop shovel may be
used, and in a few minutes the corn is scooped into
the crib. In the evening be repeats the operation.

When the corn is to be marketed, a few lower slats
of the crib are loosened, a few smooth planks are laid
down for easy shoveling, the large power sheller is
backed to this opening and two men are kept busy
shoveling the ears into the box of the hopper. In
corn shelling time neighbors help each other as in
threshing.

The spout of the sheller is directed into a wagon
and as soon as the wagon is filled — 50 bushels of

268

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

6belled corn for a two-horse load — it is driven to the
station. Without stopping the sheller, the spout is
switched to another empty wagon and one wagon after
another drives up to be filled and start to the station.
If not enough neighbors have come to help in haul-
ing, a large bin is made on the floor and the corn is
spouted into it when no empty wagon is at hand.

Arriving at the station the wagon stops on the
scale, the weight is taken by the dealer, the hands of
the scale being at the window in plain sight of the
driver on his seat so that no time is lost. Next he
drives into the elevator building, stopping on a plat-
form, the rear part of which is lowered by machinery
so that the load is dumped into a chute below. For
that reason wagons with loose tongues are used ex-
clusively. An elevator employee replaces the end-
gate that the driver may not have to leave his seat.
Machinery later on elevates the corn into high bins
from which it is spouted directly into the cars on the
side-track below. At every railroad station, however
small, there is an enormous elevator, sometimes two
or more.

How often has the corn been handled by hand?
Once when husking. Once with the shovel when un-
loading at the crib and once when shoveling into the
sheller. One thousand five hundred bushels or more,
at 40 bushels to the acre the entire crop from nearly
40 acres, are shelled in a day. How does his com-
pare with Eastern methods, where the corn is han-
dled again and again by hand, sometimes even "tot-
ed" in hampers, etc.

Now as to the work in the field. The Western
farmer owning (or renting 80 acres at a rental of
$4 per acre) will probably have 40 or more acres in
corn, probably ten acres in small grain and the rest
in hay and pasture. He will work this farm without
help, except in harvest time. Some men will work
CO acres of corn successfully. But how? Well, they
work perhaps not much harder than Virginia farmers
but they make better use of their time by using mod-
ern double row planters, double cultivators, etc., en-
abling them to cultivate the corn three to five times,
by beginning as soon as the sprouts show above
ground. It is true that they are not often interrupted
in their work by rains.

The Western farmer keeps stock not because of the
manure, for often it is scarcely preserved, but be-
cause it is usually more profitable to feed the corn
than to sell it. I am not prepared to say that ford-
ing 50 cent corn in Virginia is profitable but it is
surely more profitable to raise 50 bushels of corn to
the acre on manured land than 15 bushels on a farm
where no stock is kept. If the Western farmer can

make money by raising 25 cent corn on land worth
$100 we Virginians can do better by raising 50 bush-
els of 50 cents corn on $10 or $20 land by making the
land rich enough.

Haying in the West is done with a sweep-rake and
a stacker. Two men and two "kids" will harvest 10
acres per day. One boy drives the gleaner, a man
with two horses hitched to the sweep-rake drags the
hay from the wind rows to the stack where it is
dumped onto the stacker operated by a horse. Only
the man on top of the stack uses a fork. Many farm-
ers make these implements themselves though they
can be bought in implement stores. A sweep rake
may be made without wheels.

Baling is probably also done cheaper out West
though the labor is cheaper in Virginia. Queer,
isn't it ? Well, if the man with the baler could move
right from one field into the adjoining, keeping
steady at work, week after week, perhaps for months
in one neighborhood, where farmers keep every foot
of their lands in productive use, they can afford to
do the work for less than in sections where nine-tenths
of the country is woods, brush, broom straw or "rest-
ing" with a crop of weeds and where hay is grown in
patches instead of good-sized fields.

The greatest obstacle in the way of the adoption of
modern methods in the South is the negro. The
Southern planter balks at the proposition to pay $200
oi' more per year with a decent room and something
else besides "corn meal, pork and herring rations" to
a competent farm hand when George Washington
Jefferson, colored, is satisfied with $9 per month.
Yet it is but a question of time when our darkies
will have to give way to competent white men as reg-
ular farm help and when meat stock will be substi-
tuted for the scrub Jersey and for scrub sheep. N.

Hanover Co., Va.

Beef Cattle for Southside Virginia.

Please tell me what breed of cattle you consider
best adapted for this part of the State. Our pasture
is all wild land, but affords excellent grazing and a
very large range. Would the Hereford or Angus do
well ? Which of these two breeds do you consider
best ? Subscriber.

Mecklenburg Co., Va.

None of the heavy breeds of cattle are adapted for
the thin lands of Southside Virginia until they have
been improved. The feed is not good enough for
them. We think the Red Polls are best adapted for
this section in its present condition. Next to these
we would select the Angus breed. Herefords and
Shorthorns will do well when the land has been im-
proved.— En.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

269

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COPT

richmond, va.

Issued on 1st of bach Month.

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manages.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to
subscriber! In the United State* and Canada
at tOc. per annum; all foreign countries aad
tht city of Richmond, 76c.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Poet-
Offlcs to which your paper la sent. Your
aam* cannot be found on our books unless
tills Is dose.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
What time your subscription Is paid.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When
msde otherwise we cannot be responsible.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after they have
Appeared in our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at once.

Address) THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND. TA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond,
'Va., as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Root Grafted Trees 249

Castor Beans — Creamery 249

Corn Fertilizer 249

The Use of Fertilizer — Preparing

Land for Cotton 249

Crops for Hogs 250

Cow Peas 250

Hurdles for Temporary Fence 250

Grass for Wet Land — Worms and

Bots in Horses 250

Fertilizer for Grass 250

Velvet Bean— Milk From Cow... 250

Rotation of Crops 251

Breachy Cow 252

Sheep , 252

Cultivators 252

Riding Plow 252

Cow Peas in Corn 252

Cow Peas, Canada Peas, Soy

Beans 253

Cultivation of Cotton — Variety to
Plant 253

_ Teocinte — Millet — Crops for Hogs 253

Cotton Fertilizer 253

Sick Cattle — Tick Fever 254

Cold Water Paint 254

Preserving Stakes and Posts 254

— Crimson Clover and Sand Vetch.. 254
Diseased Apple Tree Branches ... 254

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of hav-
ing all advertisements, no matter
whether new or change of copy,
in our office by the 24th of each
month. Advertising forms close
on the 25th. We are compelled to
leave a number of advertisements
out of each issue because they are
received too late.

Subscription Offer.

Should any person, who is not a
subscriber to the Southern
Planter, read this notice, we beg
to ask that he will take it as a per-
sonal one to himself. We want
him to join the ever-increasing
army of readers of the Southern
Planter, and to that end will ac-
cept a trial subscription for the re-
maining numbers of this year for
25c. We hope he will find this
issue so valuable and interesting
that he will want to have this mag-
azine come to him regularly. Send
remittance in the most convenient
form.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

Laidlaw, Mackill & Co. have a half
page ad elsewhere in this issue, offer-
ing their well known "Thistle" brand
of sheep dip and cattle wash. We
would suggest to our readers that they
look up this ad.

Look up the engine ad of Mr. A.
Mietz, of New York City.

The Baltimore Cooperage Co. is of-
fering all kinds of slack and tight
cooperage. Look up the ad.

Mr. E. F. Schliehter is advertising
his well known Philadelphia silo in
another column.

The Ohio Vehicle & Harness Co. is
offering buggies at bargain prices.

The Johnson Harvester Co. is offer-
ing its Continental Disc Cultivator to
our readers. The Watt Plow Co.,
Richmond, Va., are the local agents.

Another new advertiser in this issue
is Mr. B. E. Watson, who offers Duroc
Jersey and Berkshire hogs of the fin-
est breeding.

The Racket Farm has an interesting
poultry and stock card in another
column.

Maj. A. R. Venable is offering some
choice Jerseys at very low prices.

The Southern Railway Supply Co. is
advertising all kinds of roofing on an-
other page. We suggest that any of

f

I

If you want Clean Fields
and Clean Crops, Sow >

Wood's Trade Mark

Clover and
Grass Seeds*

They are the best and cleanest
qualities that it is possible to pro-
cure— free from plantain, daisy,
wild carrot and other objectionable
weed seeds, often found in ordi-
nary clover and grass seeds.

Wood's Seed Book for 1904

gives the most complete informa-
tion and up-to-date experience
about all Grasses and Clovers.
Mailed free on request. Write for
Seed Book and special Price List
of Grass and Clover Seeds.

T. W. WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Clean, N. Y„ U. S. A.

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clean an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clears all stomps In a circle of 160 ft. without
moving or changing machine, Strongest, molt
rapid working and heat made.
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa.

WARRINERS

CHAIN HANGING

\ i?k , » STANCHION.

•|iJi CLEAN.SAFE,

"H COMFORTABLE.

fd by W.B CRUMB Fc restville.CoNN.

270

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

our readers, who may be interested,
refer to the ad, fill out the measure-
ments, and mail to this company
promptly.

Janney Bros, desire to purchase
some grade Shorthorn heifers. Look
up the ad.

The Occoneechee Farm, Durham, N.
C, has an attractive ad elsewhere.
The offering consists of Shetland
ponies, Berkshire, Poland China. Es-
sex and Yorkshire hogs, Shropshire
and Dorset sheep, Jersey cattle, and
all kinds of fancy poultry.

Note the change in the Rosemont
Farm advertisement in this issue.

M. B. Rowe & Co. have a seasonable
card in this number.

The Grove Farm offers Holstein
Friesian cattle and Dorset sheep in
this issue.

The Milne Mfg. Co. has something
interesting to say about its stump
and tree pullers.

Don't fail to read the ad of Stude-
baker Bros, on another page.

Look up the ad of the International
Stock Food Co.

TOTAL OUTPUT OF PETROLEUM
SINCE 1859.

It is not yet half a century since
Colonel Drake discovered petroleum on
the waters of Oil Creek, near Titus-
ville, Pa. Men thought themselves
civilized in those days, but had no
notion that petroleum was among the
necessities of a polite existence. A
tallow dip or a wax candle illuminated
sufficiently the night's activities, and
a blazing logwood fire left no room for
desire of another kind of heater. Mut-
ton tallow answered for chapped hands
and bear's grease or goose oil did well
enough for pomade. Petroleum might
have been counted a superfluity, but
instead it sprang into immediate fa-
vor, and now its list of popular by-
products grows longer every year. The
total production of crude petroleum
from 1859 to the end of 1902 has been
no less than 1,165,280,727 barrels. That
means that if two and one-half feet
were allowed for the height of a barrel,
and if these barrels filled with all the
domestic oil that has been produced
were laid so that their heads touched,
they would encircle the earth two and
one-fourth times.

Of this total production, Pennsyl-
vania and New York produced 53.9 per
cent., Ohio 24.3 per cent.. West Virginia
11.3 per cent., Indiana 3.9 per cent.,
California 3.6 per cent., Texas, 2.1 per
cent., leaving 9 per cent, to be supplied
by the States of Kansas, Colorado,
Louisiana, Illinois, Missouri, Indian
Territory, Wyoming, Michigan, and
Oklahoma Territory.

The above figures are taken from
Mr. F. H. Oliphant's report on "The
Production of Petroleum in 1902,"
soon to be published by the United
States Geological Survey in its an-
nual volume of Mineral Resources.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

PLANO

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, TJ. S. A.

JLf JR g g f%f%gf Combined
ffl/ILkUI#A Weeder and Seeder

The farmer who knows the value of lij*ht surface stirring and weeding1 of
growing crops recognizes in thisthe prize implement. It is the fiat tooth
cultivator. You know what that means— its special adaptability
service, its results. Increases crop 25^ to 4tK. There is but one t
tooth— the only satisfactory tooth— the Hallock patent. We have the
right to manufacture it

TheSeederA ttachment

means gettii

LT a pond

stand of clover, timothy and other
all. and its positive force feedcan

be adjusted

.irately from 2 to 18 quarts per acre.

Especially v

llUill-.l- IT

the wheat fields, as the surface

ultivatinn benefits the wheat and at the same time the
crass seed is sown and I itrhtlv covered. The seeder can be
readily attached to ordetached from the weeder frame.
Either is sold separately wht- ndesind. Catalogue is free.
Don't fail to wrltefor free book of field scenes, showing
half-tones from Photographs of the weeder in actual use.

Keystone Farm Machine Co., 1554 North Beaver Street, York, Pa.

f~\ DeLoach Saw SVHI1 |~^

Special for the Man with Light Power and Heavy Timber.
Cuts 2,000 to 10,000 Feet per Day. 4 to 20 h. p.

This Pony Mill is especially adapted to th
men who have ensines, enabling them to st
winter employment when the thresh

We Make All Styles

i smallest to largest capacity. A (Treat ex-
in the Do Loach Variable Friction Drive.

ntages In cheap Southern labor and

■nd low-priced lumber, Iron and ateel
to make the best saw mills tor least

any manufacturer In the world.

Our Mill Machinery Line includes Shingle

"ills, Planers, Edgers. Trimmers, Stave Mills, Lath
Ills, Water Wheels, Portable Grinding Mills, Shalt-

ing, etc Ask for Saw Mill and General Machinery
Catalogue. Mailed free for the asking.

De Loach Mill Mfg. Co.,

Box 600 Atlanta, Ga.

^<m »»wisww<w*>i>*i»s » w»m'.^« , 'wnnwrtiiiia

Steam is the Best p-

After all, the, best most reliable,
steam. Wind is whimsical and u
each year at best; gasoline pow

t efficient and In the end the cheapest power Is

current itself depends c

Leffel Engine and Boiler.

This outfit is detached-
base. Envrine can \
ble distance away. Lr

loiinted on skids and engine on sepa-
i elth- r Mde of boiler and any reason-
.r small pulley andbelton either end

ly efficient, quick steaming, high power

I to any work, any fuel.

> any '

1 st vies

nd Efflcle

of Leffel engine

JAMES LEFFEL&CO.,Box 134fSpringfield,0.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN' PLANTER.

271

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

| Clark's Rer. Bosh Plow and Harrow

cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.

^ deep. Connects the aub-

— i soil water. It is an ex-

S cellent machine for

I covering in sugar cane.

[strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly cut
.^ forest, stump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Double Action Cutaway
Harrow moves 15,000 tons offf

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

>"=-i»^ f\ * Made single or double,
urn. - jnxj i 0ne or tw0 furr0w9 five
— ^ . ^to ten inches deep; 14
^cfSy I) Inches wide. For two or
four horses. Light draft.
No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
»s directed in his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other (oul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Hlggaoum, Ct., U. S. A.

20th
Century
Steel Bali Coupling Cultivator

With DouDle Row Corn

HENGHS

Planter and Fertilizer
Attachment Complete

on One Machine.
Parallel beam move-
otedaxU-.w itti
lateral beam move-
ment in connection with
the movable spindle*,
ther independent
of each other. Centre
lever for spreading

Stump and Tree Pullers

Self-anchoring and Stu
an-iiured. Something
l'ull an ordinary stump

ing. Different
izes to suit
ill kinds of

Powerful,
Handy,
Low
Priced.

lilne Mfg. Co. 83* Ninth St., Monmouth, III,

FAMILY SCALE

FOR SI. 25

his scale is fitted com-
te with polished tin
op and is guaranteed

etc. Will pay foritsel
very short time, W.
more good goods fo
money than any o

Housekeeper's Guide.
STEWART BROS.
North High Street. Columbus. Ohi<

IN THE TWINKLE OF AN EYE.

It is more than probable that every
reader of this paper has heard of the
wonderfully disastrous fire which so
recently burned the heart out of the
city of Baltimore. Unless you just
happened to know some one who was
living or doing business in Baltimore
it is likely that you gave the fire
hardly more than a passing thought.
But what do you think it means to the
people of Baltimore? What do you
think it means, for instance, to J. Bol-
giano & Sons, the seedsmen, who have
for eighty-seven years been doing busi-
ness in the fated city? In all that
long period they have never before suf-
fered from fire. Indeed, they felt per-
fectly safe this time, for when the fire
first started it was more than ten city
squares away from them. Later, and
when they thought they were endan-
gered— though the fire was still six
squares from them — they employed
two hundred hands and fifty drays and
began the removal of their large re-
tail seed stock to one of their ware-
houses a long distance from the fire,
and where they felt everything would
be safe. It transpired, however, that
by a shifting of the winds the fire ate
relentlessly away until both retail
stores, offices, packing rooms and ware-
houses were destroyed. Bolgianos
made a brave fight to save the orders
and seeds for their thousands of cus-
tomers, but fate was against them.
The orders already booked and the lists
of names of thousands of customers all
over the world were lost in the twinkle
of an eye.

With absolutely nothing to work
with, nothing to aid them except their
excellent reputation, the Bolgianos
have set to work with firm hands and
brave hearts to rebuild their business.
They have already laid in a large stock
of the very best farm and garden seeds,
notwithstanding the short seed crop of
the past season, and will be able to fill
orders as usual. Since all their ad-
vance orders and names of customers
are burned, they have very little to
begin on. Will those of our readers
who ordered from Bolgiano & Sons,
write a postal card at once, simply
giving your name and post-office ad-
dress? Do this whether you are an
old or new customer of theirs. Send
them your name anyhow so that they
may send you their catalogue another
season. Simply address the card to
J. Bolgiano & Sons, Baltimore, Md.

USED CAUSTIC BALSAM FOR
SCRATCHES.
Woolsey, Va., Jan. 27, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleve-
land, Ohio:

I have used your GOMBAULT'S
CAUSTIC BALSAM for enlargements
on horses, caused by kicks, etc., and I
think it a great remedy. It never
does any harm. I used it once on a
horse for scratches and it worked
wonders. H. F. Lynn, Jb.

Can Save a Lot nf Work!
Can Save a Lot of Money!

Can Increase Your ComtorlsT
Increase Your Profits!

ELECTRIC "^Us

I tho

30* ELECTRIC Hatfag0n

ifr More than a million and a quarter of tin m are
In use and several hundred thousand farmers say
that they are the best investment they ever made.
They'll save you more money, more work, give bet-
ter service and greater satisfaction than any other
metal wheel made— because They're Made Better.
By every test they are the best. Spnkes united to
the hub. If they work loose, your money back.
Don't buy wheels nor wagon until you read our
book. It may save you many dollars and it's free.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,
Box 146 Qulncy, Ills.

Oo 30 Days Free Trial 1
Catalogue Free.

THE OHIO VEHICLE & HARNESS CO., Columbus. 0.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

Slid lend 4 Bucbj » heel.. SL-el Tire on, - *T.S5
With Rubber Tires, #Id.OO. I mfg. wheels H to*lo.
tread. Top Busies, $2x.75 ; Harnejs, 13 SO. Write for

. catalogue. Lenrn how to imv v, lii.-i*.* «rM1 parts direct.

' Wagon Umbrella FREE. W.V.BOOB,CI.]eini..U,0.

THE CHAMPION

k of power. CuliiDjdi.

Weighs 45 IbB. Fine ,

frwnt. SkTes money — labor. Circular

FAMOUS MFG CO.

722 Railroad Ate

EAST CHICAGO

INDIANA

B

Save Cream

Save much on the cost, save labor

of cleaning and operating by

buying the

AMERICAN

CREAM SEPARATOR.

We send to you to put It on trial.
It will prove these things '

American Separator Co. Box 1076, Bainbrldge, N.Y.

CORN PLANTING KK MM

gest crop yon want

a planter that will do the work right. "The
Hamilton" Corn Planter Is the best machine
on earth for insuring increased corn crop.
Write for catalogue and price.

THE H. P. DEUSCHER CO.,
Hamilton, Ohio, Manufacturers.'

Mention the Southebn Planteb In
writing.

272

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

WOODEN TANKS

EVERY SIZE AND SHAPE.

Wooden and Iron Towers to Carry Tanks,
Manufacturers ot Barrels, Kegs, etc,

DEALERS IN

OLD BARRELS, STAVES AND LUMBER

BEST WORK. LOWEST PRICES.

Tor Information address

Baltimore Cooperage Co.,

Dept. A

Baltimore, Md.

$1.75

NOW BUYS THIS NEW

Southern Garden Hoe and Cultivator.

Send stamp tor particulars and how you
c.n earn one. Remit by Express or P.O.
Money Order or Registered Mall. AGENTb
WANTED. Address R. M. YORK, Liberty,
N. C.

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

K. IT. SUHLTORTER

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co., South Superior, Wis.

MOVING THE CROPS.
Moving the crops is a phrase that is
rapidly losing its terror for the money
kings of Wall street.

One of the most encouraging signs
of our national prosperity last fall
was the fact that the moving of crops
did not cause the usual stringency of
money on Wall street. Why? Be-
cause the farmer had been so pros-
perous that he had money in the hank
and did not require Eastern capital to
move his crops. This prosperity of
the farmer is due to a characteristic
trait of the American citizen. He is,
above all things, progressive and in-
dustrous. In the farmer this is ex-
emplified by his willingness to use the
improved machinery which the Ameri-
can manufacturer places at his dispo-
sal. Vast sums of money and years
of experimenting have made Viano
harvesting machines perfect in con-
struction and mechanism. They ac-
complish the maximum of work with
a minimum expenditure of labor on the
part of the operator. They are "light
running," and at the same time strong,
durable and capable of standing hard
knocks.

btehset SPRAY PUMP

ON
EARTH

We know Its merits
from practical expe-
rlesce. Having used al-
most all known pumpi
In our own orchards,
consequently ws ars
able to judge of Its su-
periority over all oth-
ers. It Is the most
durable pump made.
The easiest working
pump; no stuffing boxes
to look after. The han-
dle is adjustable ta suit
the height of the ope-
rator. The agitator is a simple, direct mo-
tion, and keeps the solution thoroughly mix-
ed. A pressure of 150 to 200 pounds can be
easily obtained. Hand and Geared Vineyard
Sprayers a specialty. Patented and manufac-
tured by LATHAM &. CO.,

Sandusky, O. Send for Catalogue.

Get the Best

BARGAINS IN JACKS.

We beg to call your attention to the
advertisement of Baker's Jack Farm
elsewhere in this issue. For 60 days
this firm is offering jacks at half price
and in addition will pay railroad fare
of every purchaser. Mr. John Baker,
the manager, advises us that he is
making room for a new importation.

The Only Cow Food

Which removes Garlic,
Onion and Weed Taint
from Milk. Send for cir-
cular to
VA. CATTLE FOOD CO.

DANVILLE. VIROINI*.

CATTLE STANCHIONS.

Any party interested in cattle stan-
chions will do well to investigate the
Warriner Chain Hanging Cattle Stan-
chion, offered by Mr. Wallace B.
Crumb, Forestville. Conn., in another
column. He will be very pleased to
mail all enquirers a copy of a neat
little booklet describing same.

A Oootl Spray Pump <
profits and lasts for yearH.

THE ECLIPSE

good pump. As prac-
tical fruit growers we
using the com-
sprayers in our
,.., orchards — found
their defects andthen invented
The Eclipse. Its. success
practically forced us into man-
ufacturing on a large scale.
Tou take no chances, webave
done all the experimenting
Large fully illustrated
Catalogue and Treatiee
on Spraying — FREE.

MORRILL A MOBXEV. Benton Harbor. Mich

e

Spra;
FORCE PUMP
HAS NO EQUAL

PRICE REASONABLE

CATALOGUE FREE

AGENTS WANTED

THEHOILKFC.CO

333 MAIN ST.
BUFFALO. N.Y,

MODERN CANNER FOR $25

Complete farm canning plant, including
100 cans. Write to-day. MODERN CANNER
CO., Bridgeport, Alabama.

Defender
Sprayer

All brass, easiest work*
ing, most powerful, auto-
matic mixer, expansion
/alves, double strainer.
Catalogue of Pumps and
Treatise on Spraying frc*.

Agents Wanted;
J. F. Gaylord, Box -■: Catikill, N. V.

[ENT CATERPILLER DESTROYER..

^mwm^^i^Nx

A scbool boy in Jewell City, Mo., was
assigned to prepare an essay on the
Bubject ot "Ducks," and this is what
he wrote: "The duck is a low, heavy
set bird, composed mostly of meat and
feathers. He is a mighty poor singer,
having a hoarse voice caused by get-
ting so many frogs in his neck. He
likes the water, and carries a toy bal-
loon in his stomach to keep him from
sinking. The duck has only two legs,
and they are set so far back on his
running gears by nature that she came
purty near missing his body. Some
ducks when they get big have curls
on their tails, and are called drakes.
Drakes don't have to set or hatch, but
just loaf, go swimming and eat. If I
was to be a duck, I'd rather be a drake
every time."

How to defeat a drought at planting Mention the Southekn Planteb In
time. See Masters Planter Co.'s ad. [ writing.

r^EENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE -no-
rther Drug flrtdictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Ncrv« Exhaustior

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

278

Hoists. Pumps. Air Compressors.

CK THE MIETZ & WEISS33

Oil and Gas Engine

(CONSTANT THRUST),
Adopted by the U. S. and Foreign Govern-
ments.

Most Economical

and Safest Power
known.

Runs with common
Distillate or Fuel Oil.
Why pay an enor-
mous price for gaso-
line when you can
operate a M. & W. en-
gine on fuel costing
5c. per gallon?

It will pay you to
consult me before
placing your order
elsewhere.
For Pumping, Electric Lighting, Charg-
ing Storage Batteries, and all other Power
Purposes.
DIRECT COUPLED OR BELTED DYNAMO;

Sizes from 1 to 60 H. P.
Highest Award for Direct Coupled Kerosene
Engine and Dynamo, Paris Exposition,
1900; Gold Medal, Pan-American Expo-
sition, 1901; Gold Medar, Charles-
ton, S. C, Exposition, 1902.
A. MIETZ, 128-138 Mott St.. New York, U.S.A.
Send for Catalogue, Department 37.
Portable Outfits— Dynamos—
riarlne Engines.

What About Your Drinking Water?

Are you satisfied with it? Do you have

enough?

1 SINK ARIEsIAN WELLS

WITH THE MOST MODERN IMPRROVED

MACHINERY.
Sparkling Artesian Well Water Possible. You
ean hare it Absolutely Pure and Your Own.
Surface and Reservoir Water la
more or less polluted.
I Guarantee First Class Work and Rapid Ex-
ecution of Contract.

JNO. W. RANDALL, White Plains, N. Y.

Correspondence solicited.

U/EI I DRILLING
f f C L L MACHINES

The moat successful sasney-auklBS m*
chines ever mads. Also maehlsm for b*rln;
wells with aujara hy fceree power. Wrlt--
u If you mean baslnen.
Loomis Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio.

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate Wilh

..-.I '.':!!», tr

flour Hand .Milk, Srlt ai

Shell UlUa. Send fur .-alai. „--..e

Sole 51fr».,

WILSON li:t.i

CTowtoo/s Patent.)

™ER ESSm*.

improved*53****.*^ Guaranteed

, . THOUSANDS IN USE.

Ask your hardware dealer Cor them or write
H. li. BlillV. N 11FK, CO., ■ . DEOATUK, 1LI

FENCE!

STROMOSSi
MADE. Bui>
strong. Cniefcen
tlnrht. Sold to the Farmer at "h..i-, si-
Prk*fc fnjlj Warranted. Catalog Fre<s

conjin hprikii pr- —

Cu **

ECONOMY.

There seems to be little possibility,
at any rate not any immediate possi-
bility, that a substitute for horse
power in the operation of farm ma-
chines, will be adopted by modern
farmers in their field work. The horse
still pulls the binder, the mower, the
reaper; in fact, is indispensable in
grain fields the world over. Because
of his general usefulness and great ca-
pacity for work, the horse is given
much consideration and usually the
best care by the considerate farmer.
The far-seeing, practical farmer of to-
day believes it will inure to his own
benefit to take the best care of his field
power. Real economy is to get the
most actual work" out of a horse for the
longest possible period of time. The
McCormick Harvesters are known to
be remarkably easy on the horses, and
thousands of farmers have purchased
O. K. machines because they knew it
meant the saving of their horses.

PAIN AND PERPLEXITIES.
An article in The New York Medical
Journal says: "Antikamnia Tablets
have been used with very favorable
results in headache, neuralgia, in-
fluenza and various nerve disorders.
No family should be without this won-
derful pain reliever. Dr. Caleb Lyon,
of Rossvllle, N. Y., aptly expresses
himself, briefly, as follows: 'In my
practice Antikamnia Tablets accom-
pany the maid from her virgin couch
to her lying-in chamber, assuaging the
perplexities of maidenhood ana easing
the trials of maternity with most
gratifying results.' Two tablets for
an adult is the proper dose. They can
be obtained in any quantity from your
family drug store."

Editor Southern Planter:

The Olives Pride, the new straw-
berry I introduced last season, has
proved a wonder. A seedling of Cres-
cent, but earlier than Crescent. It
sold at Marion Station in the berry
season, 1903, for $5 for 32 quart crate,
when the choice Hoffmans sold at $2.50
for 32 quart crate. The Hoffman is
one of the best sellers and shippers we
have at this point. Olives Pride blos-
soms perfectly, berries large, and holds
its size well to the end. The plants
are vigorous growers, producing a
plenty of healthy plants. It is a beau-
tiful, deep red flesh all through, and
holds its color. It ripens its whole
crop in a very short time. It has a
large, double cap unexcelled in appear-
ance when crated, flavor excellent. Its
large stalks hold its large crop of
fruit from the ground, therefore does
not need any mulch. It was planted
largely last season here for market
purposes. Growers who want the
earliest berry grown and a good crop-
per should try this one.

J. W. Hall.

Marion Station, Md.

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEEN FULLY
TESTED AND FOuinj
SUPERIOR TO ALL
OTHERS.
Will fit uneTan
ground without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger, lias tine mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest
poultry farms nr-' usirm this fence — over 700 rods
by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for
free|catalogof Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.

CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester. Conn.

'WIRES • F F. N C E

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can-
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0.

EACH STRAND

of Tr
of si!

Ity.M

onni frnclng ia composed
ed wires of superior tjual-
to tha combined tensile

Barbed Wire-$2.35,opo^

Jirand new, «n original

1 reel*. Also galvanized
' smooth wire shorts, gauges
S to 16, «1.40 per 100
F pound*. Annealed wire In continuous length*.
Stole, #1.90per 1O0 pounds. Wire Btaplea,
♦S.OO per IOO pound*. Tubular fence points at SO«
each. Write Cor Iree catalogue Hl,, on building
material, household goods, etc.

CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO.,
West 85th and Iron Street*, - - Chicago, DO.

Wilt
: FENCES HUD GATES

— If your dealer does not have our
^i goods in stock you can buy direct
^ at Manufacturers' Price. Writs

— for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus, Ohio.

"VTTTi Ti r r i-r-r-it-i

iljl ! • II II

YGU CAN CLIMB OVER

sit upon, or fall aire- :n™-< a rase Fence and aol

deform or d:iiiiii'.'e it. Ii'.- maile differently.

PAuE WCV'irJ WIRE FEMCE CO.. Adrian, Michigan.

id^^L^LAWN FENCE

Many designs. Cheap i
vrt.Mii. ;iu |i,'it,-.-> Cntfllocrue
free. Special Prices (• One*
terleuandOiorrb^K. Aduresfl
COILED 3PKING FEME «0.

frith chpup labor, no machine and we'll teU
I yon how to fix yonrold fences too. Writ*
i B. B. FENCE CO., H2 W. 3rd St., Peru, In*

274

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

It takes a good
dealer to sell right
lamp-c himneys
when wrong ones
pay so much better.
Macbeth.

The Index tells you, in ten minutes, all you
need to know for comfort with lamps and
the saving of chimney-money; sent free;
do you want it?

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

Italian Bees.

The kind that do the hustling. Guaranteed
to work on Red Clover. Spring Colonies
furnished at $S.O0 each f. o. b. oars here, in
your choice of Root or Iiazenbaker hives.
The best comb honey hive on eiirth AlBO
Root's hives and supplies at Root's prices.
Catalogue for the asking Write me any-
thing you wish to know about bees and their
management.

J. E. Thomasson,

Bumpass, Va.

__T YOUR IDEAS

$100,000 offered for one in

vention; $8,500 for another.

Book "How to Obtain a Patent*'

and "What toinvent**sentfree. Send

rouerh sketch for free report as tr

patentability. We advertise yooi

patent for sale at our expense.

CIIAVDl E f & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney

976 F Street, Washington, D. C

i o :e

Gibson Liquid Lice Killer kills all lice and
mites or. Fowls, Cattle, Hogs and Horses.
Easily applied and guaranteed to kill the lice
or money refunded. Gallon can $1.00. Liberal
terms to dealers and agents. Write to-day
*or prices and circulars.

GIBSON & LAMB, West Alexander, Pa.

j& ROOFING TIN &

Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder's hard
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon
goods, paints and oils, cook aDd heating stoves
guns, pistols, rlrles, "Robin Hood" loaded shells
Do you use any of the above? Write ub.

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., ffiZiKtf

ZENOLEUM AGENTS WANTED.

We wish to secure good, live stockmen to
Interest themselves in the sale of Zenoh-um.
To those who can show plenty of good busi-
ness for famouB Zenoleum Dip and Disinfec-
tant, we will offer a proposition that is sure
to be Interesting and profitable. Address for
particulars at once, ZE'NNEU DISINFEC-
TANT CO., 93 Bates St., Detroit, Mich.

IS A FARMER'S TIME VALUABLE?
Some folk seem to have a peculiar,
and, for the greater part, wrong im-
pression of the modern farmer, his
life, habits and work. It is the belief
of many that his time is neither occu-
pied nor valuable: that it would make
little difference to him whether his
harvest were delayed a day, a week, or
a month. From the farmer's view
point, however, the question of time,
especially in the busy harvest, is a
vital one. One often hears expressions
of dissatisfaction with certain lines of
farm machines because of the delay
caused in keeping them in proper re-
pair during the busy season. Mil-
waukee Harvesting machines are hon-
estly constructed and bear the reputa-
tion of doing their work well with
little repair expense and causing a
minimum amount of delay during the
busy harvest season.

EMILY'S CHARGE.
(A serial tale by Mary Washington.)

CHAPTER X.

It is now time we were having a
glimpse of Lucy Gordon, to do which
we must carry our readers back to the
time immediately following her
father's death, when she went to
Georgetown to spend a year with her
aunt. Lucy, as we have said before,
had been educated at the convent in
Georgetown, and she had contracted a
strong bent towards the Roman Cath-
o'ic Church. Other influences being
brought to bear, however, after she
left school, this feeling lay dormant
for several years. It revived, however,
in full force when she went back to
Georgetown and found herself sur-
rounded by Roman Catholic influences,
both at home and abroad, her aunt be-
ing a devout member of that Church,
and before the lapse of many months,
she had become a zealous convert and
had made up her mind to formally
unite herself with the church. About
the same time, a revolution of a dif-
ferent kind also took place in Lucy's
affairs, or rather in her aunt's. This
lady had been only in moderate cir-
cumstances when Lucy went to her,
but after many weary years of litiga-
tion, she, at length gained a lawsuit,
involving the sum of $20,000, which
put quite a new aspect on her affairs.
Being childless, she now wished to
formally adopt Lucy, in whom she felt
an additional interest since the latter
had become a convert to her Church.
She made many a fine plan for Lucy's
advantage and enjoyment, but always
checked herself with a sigh, explain-
ing. "But that unfortunate engage-
ment of yours! That is a blockade to
everything! How I wish you were
well out of it! We could have such a
delightful trip abroad. We could go to
Rome and see the Pope and all the
grand sights there, and go to Paris
and all over the Continent."

Five Baskets or Three

A planter who can make five baskets of
cotton where he formerly made but three, by
simply Top Dressing his land with one hun-
dred pounds, per acre, of

Nitrate of Soda,

I The Standard Ammoniate)
is simply neglecting in reap full benefit from
his soil if he does not use the Nitrate, fol
this result is within the reach of every Cotton
Planter.

Equally profitable results may be obtained
from corn, grass, tobacco or potatoes, from
fruits br garden products, in fact fr#m any-
thing that grows. "Food for Plants," and
other valuable bulletins giving actual field
trials with Nitrate of Soda at Agricultural
Experiment Stations, are sent free to farm*
ers. Send nar.tc ana address on Post Card.
William S.Myers, Director, 12-16 John St.,N.Y. \

SAN JOSE SCALE trolled by ni.„.

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH

■WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3.

It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en-
tomologists. This soap Is a fertilizer as well ai
ineecticlde 60 lb. kegs, 82.50; 100 lb. kegs. (4 60.
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3%c. per !b.; barrels,
126 lbB., at 3^ic. Large quantities, special rates.
Send for circular.

JAMES GOOD.
J39 — 11 N. Front St., Philadelphia, p«.

FRAZER

AX'C U r e A S C the worm.
Its wearing qualities p.rt unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bis. any other brand,
Not affected by heat. WGet the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

Position Wanted.

Gentleman, 52. widower, no family. Thor-
ough, practical farmer and stock man. Open
for engagement as manager large grain and
stock farm. Address BASIL CHAMPER,
Southern Planter. .

WANTED.

Practical dairyman, married preferred, wife
to have charge of dairy. About 40 cows in
herd. Write, stating wages wanted, giving
reference and experience. Address J. M.
MacGREGOR. Miller School P. O., Va.

YOU CAN MAKE $3 TOS10 A DAY

Fitting glasses for us. Big profits.
Our«4-pa*e FREE EYE BOOK
tells how. Write for It today.

WARNER'**

CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL, at Bradford.
Pa., teaches Shorthand, Bookkeeping and
Penmanship by mall. Write now.

!!M)4.J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

275

BLACKMAN'S
MEDICATED

SALT BRICK

The only guaranteed Tonic, Blood Part-
ner, Kidney and Liver Regulator and
alder of Digestion for all stock. A
sure hit on worms. Ticks cannot live.
No dosing, no drenching, and no waste
of feed. Ynnr horse his own doctor.
Endorsed by thousands '

Blackmail Stock Remedy Co.

930 Highland Park, Chattanooga, Term.

Lump . ,.t

I Save the animal— save your I

herd— cure every case of \

Lump Jaw. The disease Is
I fatal in time, and it spreads. Only one way 1
j to cure it— use

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

No trouble— rub it on. No risk— your money I
back if it ever fails. TJped for 6even years I
| by nearly all the big stockmen. Freebook

I tells yon more.

^Spaviiv

evrvd Rii\g-t>©i\e

Once hard to cure — easy now. A 45-min-
ute treatment does it. iso other method |
so easy— no other method 6ure.

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste

cures even the worst cases— none too old

or bad. Money back if it ever fails. Fr

Ulustruted hook about Lump Ja

Spavin, Ringbone, Splint, Bos Spa*

and other stock ailments. Write for

FLEMINC BROS., Chemists,

880 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, I

I.DEATH TO HEAVES

ton Remedy to..

This lady's opposition to the match
had only sprung up only since her ac-
cession of fortune, nor was her gravest
objection to it that it interferred with
their trip to Europe. She had ob-
jected to it for some time past on
grounds both religious and secular. In
the first place, Ellis was a poor young
physician and no£ at all an ardent
lover. Then it was against the prin-
ciples and canons of the Roman Cath-
olic Church for first cousins to marry.
Of this point especially she made capi-
tal when Lucy was in all the fiery zeal
of- a new convert. "If you enter our
Church, my dear," said her aunt, "as
you propose doing soon, I do not see
how you can do so without giving up
Ellis Gordon. Not only is he your first
cousin, and as such forbidden by our
Church to be your husband. Besides
that, he is a staunch Protestant, and
might oppose you and make you very
unhappy on account of your religion.
Then, if children come of the marriage,
what a wretched thing it would be
for the parents to be at variance about
their religious instruction."

The priest added his influence to her
aunt's, and between them they carried
their point. Lucy was of a flexible
nature, and had loved Ellis more from
habit and old associations than any-
thing else. Under new and opposing
influences, she suffered this affection
to be gradually weakened and eradi-
cated. She felt some suffering while
this was being done, but in the zeal
of her new conversion, and the bustle
and excitement of preparing for then-
foreign trip, her thoughts were much
diverted from Ellis, and before she
had crossed the ocean, the wound was
well healed over.

It was well for Lucy she did not
have the humiliation of knowing with
what heartfelt joy and relief Ellis re-
ceived her letter dissolving their en-
gagement. He felt like a prisoner
brought forth from a dark, narrow
ceil into the glorious sunshine and
fresh, bracing air.

•Did you ever reflect, reader, on the
wonder and significance attached to a
letter? A simple sheet of paper on
which the pen has traced a few lines. I
A small, simple thing it seems to be
when it is handed to us. and yet this
trivial sheet of paper may change the
whole current of our existence; may
carry with it an absolute stroke of
doom, may give sentence either of life
or death, and after reading those lines,
which it required only a few moments
to trace or read., our life may never
again, through time or eternity, be
the same that it was before. So it was
with this letter of Lucy's. No trans-
formation, of which fairy books tell
us, could have been more sudden and
complete than the one which Ellis
underwent, after reading this letter.
Hi;: whole face and bearing and man-
ner changed. In short, he seemed to
wake again into life after a long
tiance.

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBATJLT'S

Caustic
Balsam

1 Safe Speedy and Positive Cur*
The Safest, Beit BLISTER ever used. Take*

the place ol all liDiments for mild or severe action.
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horse*
and rattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY
OR FIRING, impossible to produce scar or blemish.
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by drupnists, ol
lent by express, charge* paid, with full direction!
for its use. Send fur descriptive circulars.
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland O.

\ Don't

S. Waste

lLYour

IT Strength.

^Use

BAKER'S

TRACELESS

HARNESS.

No whiffletrees— no traces

Fine fo

farm work. Has no

equal for use in orchard, vi

Easieronteam. Writeus no

■.. Glial..:

free. Agents wanted.

B. F. BAKER CO., 236 Main St.

Burnt Hills, N. V.

$25,00u,000eSrdv

ANNUALLY BY FARM-
WANT OF KNOWLEDGE

To put to use the odds and ends of their
products. Millions of dollars are made an-
nually by large manufacturing concerns in
our cities from that source alone. You can-
not do yourself justice without our assist-
ance. For 25c. we will mail you six receipts,
and if they don't earn you $25.00 the first
year, we will refund your money.

M. HURLEY, 47 Sidney St., Bangor, Me.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Bob White Quail,
Grey Squirrels, Bear, Etc.

CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington, D. C.

SECRET

DENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMERS
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly sick,
$20 weekly accident and $2,000 death benefit,
and $50 old age pension. Organizers wanted;
good pay. KNIGHTS OF AGRICULTl'RE,
Washington, D. C.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.

A fire Insurance Association for farmers of
Eastern Virginia.

Organized January 9, 1899; amount In-
sured January 9, 1904, $370,000; policies se-
cured by real and personal property, esti-
mated value. $1,000,000. For further Informa-
tion address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

NO M0r6 Blidtl HOrSGS Moon Blndnessand other
sore eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la, have a sure
cure.

276

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

$eed$

Johnson & Stokes

Garden and Farm
Manual — Free

tells about the best seeds money
can buy and shows photographs
of what they produce.

Our Floracroft Seed Gardens and
Trial Grounds insure to our custom-
ers vegetable and (lower seeds "l
known vitality and purity. Our list
of farm seeds is the most complete
of any house in the U. S.

Austin's Colossal Yellow Dent
Corn and Golden Fleece Oats are
two most profitable field crops.

Enrich the soil by sowing Velvet
Beans, Cow Peas, Winder Vetch
or True Dwarf Essex Rape. Also
good for fodder and hay.
JOHNSON & STOKES Dept. A.

"Seedsmen to the Money- Makers"
217-219 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa.

New Strawberries.

MARK HANNA, The most wonderful berry
In cultivation" 1,000 bushels per acre.
THOYlPiO. o. 2, largest firm fancy ber-

ry, and

THOMPSON'S No: 3, a seedling of I.arly,
handsomer and firmer than parent. No one will
grow Lady who can get No 8.

150 Varieties, including Thompson's Earliest

Ripe here April 19th the last scaaon. If jn
want the earliest plant than, Ttaompsen'i No.
3, a seedling of Lady. But superior In tvwy
way, beautiful color. Immensely productive,
flrmer, best shipper ever put on the market,
Thompson's new berrlea are acknowledged
to lead all others.

Cabbage Plants, Tomato, i,M* Hardv
Monthly Rose, California Privet Dahlias,
Chrysanthemums. Send for my spring cata-
logue. MARK T. THOMPSON. Rla Vista,
Va.

SEED CORN FOR SALE.

I have a nice lot of Hickory Klag Seed
Com for sale. Large deep grains. The cora
for thin lands and drought? weather. Me.
per bushel here, sacks extra. C. S. TOWN-
LEY, Red Hill. Va.

Hastily making preparations for his
journey, he set out for Emily's home,
for until he knew that he could win
her, he could not enter on positive
happiness, his present condition being
only one of negative happiness. It
was now a year since he had seen
Emily, and the spring had returned
with its sweet djeam of hope and
promise.

After Alice's marriage, Emily real-
ized with a feeling of sadness that her
sister and brother were independent
of her care, the former entirely so, and
Walter in a great measure, for though
Emily could still add greatly to his
comfort and happiness, the day was
past in which he was dependent on her
for maintenance and training. He had
attained manhood, and was well es-
tablished in right principles, and. in
habits of steadiness and industry.
One evening, soon after Alice's mar-
riage, as Emily was walking amongst
the flower beds, she heard a footstep
behind her, which she supposed to be
Walter's. Turning around, however,
she found herself confronted with El-
lis Gordon. Our readers may suppose
she was greatly startled, but she was
not. The image of his face had been
so constantly in her mind that it
startled her but little to see it in
reality. It seemed only like the har-
monious continuation or fulfillment of
her thoughts. Therefore she greeted
him calmly enough, though beneath
the surface ran a thrill of "such joy
as mixes man with heaven."

It seemed a fitting time and place
to tell of love when all the atmos-
phere was tremulous with new life and
hope and joy, and on this sweet spring
evening Ellis poured out his confes-
sion to Emily and read in her clear
eyes what her lips faltered in avowing
— that she loved him.

When Waltei learned the state of
the case, he experienced mingled ful-
ness. He was fond of Dr. Gordon, and
not unwilling to extend to him the
right hand of fellowship, hut he was
still pore from Alice's departure, ;»iid
when he thought of the prospect of
Emily's leaving him in the lurch also,
he locked at her with something of an
"et tu B^ute" expression of counte-
nance, but finally breaking into a good
humored smile, he declared that the
only refuge was for him to follow suit,
which, he gallantly added, he would be
very willing to do whenever he could
find any young woman to equal his
sisters. Emily consoled him some-
what by telling him that Dr. Gordon
expected to resume his former positiou
at the Springs, so she would still be
near him, a fact which was very sooth-
ing to Walter, and which served to
fill tip the measure of Emily's content-
ment.

I do not think we need any prophet
to unfold to us the future of the young
couple. From what I have already un-
folded about them, and especially
about Emily, our readers may form a

lOtOOO Plants for 16c

are gardPOB and fanfis are planted to

Nalzer's see. is lliau any oilier in

America. There la reason tui'tlm

We own and operate over oooo aere

the production of onr warranted a

make yon tlie loilowuig u
eedrnted offer:

For IS Cents Postpaid

lonnKiirlj, .llfdium and Lato Cabbagaa, I
20UU Delleloai, Carroia,
UOIM) lllnnclii.iL- I'elerr,

9000 ItlrU Nmlj bttnn,
1)00 Splendid Unions,
lOOO Hare Luttlou* KudUhe,,
1000 aiorluuNly Brilliant Flowtra.

Above seven paeka^es eontaln suffi-
cient seed to [_rro\v lo.'Ko plants, fnr-
niNhingbuaheU of brilliant flutters
and lots and lots ot choice vegetA- i
bles, trivet Ii<t with our greiit eat aloe, r
telling nil about Flowers, Kos<
Small Fruits, etc., all tor 18c in
-'imps and this Hotter. Main-
lioth 140-pace catalog alone, 4c.
JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO.,
f. La Crosse, Wis.

Peach and Apple Trees,

BONAVISTA NURSERIES, Greenwood. Va.

We offer a tine lot ef choice trees for
Fall and Spring planting

Our apple trees are the best — Wine Sap,
Mammoth Black Twig, York Imperial
and Albemarle Pippin, all perfect and
well grown trees.

Our peach trees are the standard sorts,
Stump, Elberta, Bilyeu's (Comet,) Won-
derful, Champion, Globe, Picq net's Late,
Albright's Winter, Crawford E. AL.,etc.

We send out none but rood trees and
have never had a complaint made by any
purchaser of our stock. Order soon, es-
pecially Peaches, as good trees will be
very scarce this season.

CHAS. F HACKETT, Manager.

RELIABLE SEED

Select Sweet and Irish Potatoes,
Artichokes, Field Corns, Cow Peas,
Clover and Orass Seeds, Sorghum,
nillets,. Fodder Plants, Rape ami all
varieties of Garden and Flower Seed
of the highest quality and germination.
Write us for (trices; sum pies mailed om
request

CATALOG MAILED KRKE.

DIGGS & BEADLES,

1709 East Franklin Street,
RICHMOND, VA.

Albemarle Prolific

SEED CORN

For 4 years past, the entire crop at Arrow-
head farm has been sold for seed, and those
who put off ordering until the lost, could not
be supplied. We have a fine crop for sale.
Price, $1.75 In small lots, half bushel, $1.00;
peck, G5c. No smaller order shipped. If the
land Is good and properly prepared before
planting, and properly worked after planting,
over 100 bushels per acre should be the
yield. More forage will be grown than from
any other variety.

)ll Charlottesville
iffi Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

277

The flavor of TOBACCO may be in-
jured by the use of stable and rank
organic manures.

Potash

in the form of sulphate produces an
improved flavor and a good yield.
Tobacco must have Potash.
Our little book, "Tobacco Culture," con-
tains much valuable information, and every
grower can obtain a copy free of
charge by writing for it.

GERMAN KALI WORKS

Kew Tort— 98 Nassau Street, or

Atlanta, Go.— 33?, So. Broad St,
MHMMMMMHMWMMI

■FOR SALE'

Selected Pride of York Seed Corn.

It grows well, matures early, weighs
well, makes lots of good fodder.
J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesvllie, W. Va.

SEED
CORN

SAFONI

A beautiful white variety and a wonderful
ylelder : 2 to 4 large ears to a stalk ; don't (ail
to try it.

HIOHORADE RED POLL and Aberdeen-
Angus Cattle, both sexes.— Address,

LOUIS B. GlLLlLAND, Jr., Clarksville, Va.

Pumpkin Seed.

TIRGINIA MAMMOTH, largest and most
productive variety for table and stock. Cost
■othing to grow in corn field, but price of
seed, and greatly benefits corn by shading
the roots. Splendid keeper. Fresh selected
seed. 35c. pound delivered; 5 pounds or over,
at 30c. E. C. BELL/WOOD, R. P. D.p No. 1,
Manchester, Va.

ALFALFA

If you expect to sow Alfalfa, why not start
right, by inoculating your soil with the Bacteria
of Alfalfa, the presence of which, we are told by
the scientists is neeesiary for the proper Titallty
©f this, the most valuable forage plant.

2 bushel bags, $1.00 P O. !i. (-'well's, Tenn
from a plot showing nodules in great abundance
Address QHO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Hill, Tenn.

CHICKS THAT LIVE

get strong and healthy— pain
steadily iu weight, are chicks
hatched in Reliable Incubators,

The Reliable

provides automatically a constant

gereral Idea of their after life, which
will only be the deepening and widen-
ing of the current of their past one.
Doubtless cares and trials are ordain
ed them, and yet we may safely pre-
dict that their life will be a happy and
ratisiying one, and that in loving com-
panionship they will walk togethe-
through this world —
'"Yoked in all exercise of noble use."
Finis.

A CHAMPION.

All the world loves a champion. It
is natural to admire the brave, the
strong and the successful, whether it
be in the field of war, of sports, of art,
or of literature.

Our readers will at once agree that
the Champion line of harvesters have
been well named. They are champions
in every sense of the word. They
have never been conquered in any field
and are continually gaining in popu-
larity.

The Champion Binders, Mowers.
Reapers, Rakes and other harvesting
machines are as perfect as time and
money can make them. There is a
satisfaction in using champion ma-
chines that cannot be measured in
dollars and cents. It is the satisfac-
tion caused by perfect confidence in
knowing that your machinery can be
depended upon.

EARLIEST GREEN ONIONS.

The John A. Salzer Seed Co., La
Crosse, Wis., always have something
new, something valuable. This year
they offer among their new money
making vegetables, an Earliest Green
Eating Onion. It is a winner, Mr.
Farmer. Try it for 1904.

Just send this notice and 10 cents
in stamps to them and get sufficient
Carrots. Celery, Onions, Lettuce, Cab-
bages, Radishes and Flower Seed to
grow bushels of flowers and lots and
lots of vegetables, together with their
great catalog, which is sent you free.

Those who have used Potato Diggers
will not need to be told of the tribu-
lations resulting therefrom. The
"Ideal" Potato Digger, Plow and Pul-
verizer offered this season by D. Y.
Hallock & Sons, not only digs potatoes
perfectly and leaves the ground in
good shape, but it may be used to plow
and pulverize the ground in the spring.
It is plow and potato digger in one.

A New York lawyer tells the follow-
ing story of an old darkey preacher in
North Carolina, who prefaced the pass-
ing of the collection plate with: "Sal-
vation's free, brethren, salvation's
free! It don't cost nothin'! But we
have to pay the freight on it. We
will now pass aroun' the hat, an' col-
lect the freight charges."

How to set tobacco plants so that
they all grow and no blanks. Read
Masters Planter Co.'s ad.

"He that loves a
rosy cheek," uses
only Williams'
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for 2-cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet " How to Shave. "

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

INCUBATORS . ON . 30 - DAYS • TRIAL.

A certain and never failing Business Hatcher.
Reasonable in price: best in riuality, and always
reliable. Thousands of these machines are In
successful operation here at home and abroad.

Our handsome catalogue is free for the asking,
send for a copy at once, before vou select a ma-
chine and make a mistake. Address The Stand-
ard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 23, Rochsster, N. Y.

Mention this Journal.

VICTOR BOOK

tells why our machine is prelerred
by users and all about artificial In-
cubation. There's pointers thatmay
mean dollars to you. We pay freight,
atee goods as described of
_' back. The book is free.
Write for it to-day. Postal will do.
GEO. ERTEL CO , Quinoy, DL

SPECULOFFEBSft;:::;:^

We will Stll a Hundred and r™ Eqg

"ffflSQHgQANDER'

Hot Water Incubator only SIO

and allow ycu to try it for :t'J Hays Free.Tried
a to be perfect. Get a Catalog Fr-e.

tfiHsriTLT a anji'o. »»pl kt, iuumazoo. anon.

Hid hen. I'h.v.'n;; hi Ire. n.lrth,

Surt Hatch InctfbatorCo.. Clay Confer, Kcii. or Indlans^olfs ind!

ANGORA GOATS lllS^ir^Trtl T

cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Clitly, Ky.

EGGS ! EGGS !!

Barred Plymouth Rocks, White Wyandotte
and S. C. B. Leghorn, M. Bronze Turkeys,
crossed with wild. Book your orders now.
Miss CLARA L. SMITH, Croxton, Car«lln«
county, Va.

kkWANTED44

26 to 50 GRADE DORSET EWES, medlam
price: also 1 each, good yearling DORSET
and SOUTHDOWN Rams, registered..

GRIMES, BROS., Lexington, N. C.

278

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

UflMCQ AND THE PLACE TO
nUIYItO FIND THEM. . .

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for the money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company ofler superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vlnlta, Va.

C&OMain St. Depot, Richmond, Va.

•To Homeseekers,,

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
will gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt.,
O. P. A., Lands and Immlgratloa,
Roanoke, Va.

...FOR SALE...

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OF
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

25, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2.000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly Improved and conve-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia
farm, see Hockaday & Casselman Richmond
Va.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.; LAW-
RENCE CASSELMAN, Ex-Auditor McLaine
Co., N. Dakota.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If located In one of these Virginia counties
Prlace Oeorge, Chesterfield, King William
Gloucester, New Kent, Klag and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.

JOHN JELINBK, 111« Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; Health for all; HapplDens and
Independence for all. All sizes of Faems at
corresponding prices, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

CINF EARMC ln tDe Kreat frult S"»ln and
nllL rHnlllO stock section of VIRGINIA
Benl climate and water In the U. 8. Near greal
marketB, with best educational advantages
For further Information, address

AI.UEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
bam'l B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville, Va

VIRGINIA FARMS

All prlcsa and sizes. Fre* list on appllcatl,.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. V*.

VIRGINIA FARMS

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.

WAST PATMENT8. CATALOOUB FREE

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vi.

Established 1875.

"WHEEL SENSE."

We reproduce herewith the cover
page of a most attractive booklet just
issued by the Electric Wheel Company,
Box 14C, Quincy, 111., setting forth
some good, practical sense on the sub-
ject of wagon wheels. It presents in a

forcible manner the advantages of the
Electric Wheels, shows their strong,
substantial construction, and presents
the case in such a way that one can
hardly fail to be convinced of their
value. The proposition is really sim-
ple. A low wagon is certainly more
easily loaded than a high wagon. A
wide tire will not cut into fields and
roads, rutting them up as does the nar-
row tire. A metal wheel made after
the manner of the Electric certainly
will outwear two or three wooden
wheels and save you repair bills as
long as they last. The average man
who buys an Electric Wagon never
fully appreciates its real value until
after he has used it for a time; in
other words, it always proves to be
handier and more convenient than he
had counted on. We hope our read-
ers will send for the book and read
the story for themselves.

MRS. LEA'S MILK AND BUTTER
PURIFIER.
The Virginia Cattle Pood Co.. Dan-
ville. Va., resumes its advertising
with us in this issue, The prepara-
tion which they make is guaranteed
to remove all odor of garlic or weed
from milk and butter. As this Is the
principal season of the year when
these noxious weeds thrive in the
pastures, our readers should lose no
time in investigating the merits of
this preparation.

Mention the Southern Planter in
writing.

Ag'ents for

" Monarch Pats'

Best $3.50 Shoes
In the World.

(Tin 1C w wonders in clothing buying

4>l U . / b at this store. $12.50, of course bids
for better. The former commands a suit of
clothes that many stores will have trouble
bettering at $13.50. The latter brings you in
contact with garments that really would not
be high prices at $16.50. And remember, all
is newness. Old goods have no home here.
Stores do exist that are merely asylums for
styles of the past. At $15 we're showing
Men's Suits which are worth every penny of
$20 and $22. Take a turn through this store-
see if everything doesn't smack of supe-
riority.

Gans=Rady Company,

1005 E. Main Street,
Richmond, Va.

Northern Virginia,

Grain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue
Grass Farms of Every Class within
one hour of Washington, D. C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Farms a Specialty....

Catalogue on application.

P.B. BUELL&SON,
Real Estate Brokers,

Hern don, Fairfax Co., Va.

• -*-• VIRGINIA' FARMS •"*••

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good house
and orchard, J600.0U. Blue Cirass, Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
i.i.ul.R, Va.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Va.

Cultivation and Storage
of Sweet Potatoes.

Instructions from start to finish thorough.

By mail (preferably by M. O.), 60 cents.
If you register, deduct fee. BRYAN TYSON,
Box, 210, Carthage, N. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

279

GREAT BARGAINS IN

VIRGINIA FARMS.

Below i give a lew of the many choice offerings I have of Virginia Real Estate ; fuller particulars, if desired.

No. 6.
Contains 163 acres; one-half under
cultivation; balance In second-growth
Umber. Good seven-room dwelling and
necessary outbuildings; good orchard
in fine fruit section. Farm lies near
Southern railroad, twenty miles from
Washington; well watered; a splendif'
dairy farm. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.

130 acres — 20 acres hardwood, bal-
ance in good state of improvement, and
a splendid quality of red clay subsoil;
60 acres in wheat and timothy; 20
acres In meadow, balance is new land,
and will be for corn next spring. Situ-
ated in excellent neighborhood of re-
fined people. Twenty-two miles from
Washington, 6 miles from Henidon
Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort-
able 4-room hooM and all buil^i"'
Farm watered by large branches.
Price, $20.00 per acre. Terms, to suit
purchaser.

No. 17.

80 acres — 15 acres in hardwood, bal-
ance in grass, except 20 acres for corn.
Fronts on pike; 5 miles from railroad
station. Watered by large branch.
All In good state of cultivation. No
buildings. Price $18.00 per acre. Easy
terms.

No. 22.

225 acres in Loudoun county, 2 1-2
miles from railroad station, 40 acres
in oak and hickory timber, soil ma-
hogany clay, stiff clay subsoil, fine
grain and grass land, all level and
well drained, one to two miles from
three churches and post-office. Run-
ning water in every field. Land in
good state of production, free from
stones. A good seven-room dwelling,
dry cellar, shady lawn, a large barn,
complete with stalls, grain room and
driveway. Water in barn yard, double
corn crib, meat and poultry house, all
in good repair. Deep well at kitchen
door. Situated in refined neighbor-
hood. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 23.
50 acres in Fairfax county, 2 miles
from town, 10 acres in timber, 3 acres
in apples, peaches, pears and cherries.
Situated 13 miles from Washington.
high state of cultivation. Operated
now as a plant and market garden.
Improvements, a nice two-story seven-
room dwelling, barn 40x50. work shop,
hog, poultry and meat houses, all in

I have a number of other good
what you want, and I shall be m

excellent repair. Situated on macadam
road. Price, $2,650.

No. 25.

175 acres in Rockbridge county, 1 1-2
miles from Buena Vista, Va. 120 acres
in blue grass, 10 acres in wheat, 15
acres for corn, balance in timber. Soil
lime stone clay, high state of improve-
ment. Land gently rolling and well
fenced. New 10-room dwelling, two
large porches, good 5-room tenant
house and other small outbuildings,
barn was burned, stone foundation
37x50 in good repair. Good spring in
every field. Price $5,300.

No. 28.

516 acres in Rockbridge county, 1 1-2
miles from town, near railroad; 300
acres of cleared land, 70 acres in
wheat. 26 acres in white oak and hick-
ory timber, 230 acres in blue grass and
timothy sod, 190 acres of mineral land,
1 mile from railroad, cleared land in
high state of cultivation, excellent
fences. Improvements — new 10-room
brick dwelling with three cellars, hot
and cold water in house, telephone
connections with county and long dis-
tance phones, barn 44x60, stable 30x45,
sheep barn 24x15, double corn crib
and granary 25x30, machine, car-
riage, ice and poultry houses, two 5
room tenant houses. Price, $16,000;
one-third cash and balance on 10 year
time if desired.

No. 31.

2 acre lot. situated at intersection
of three public highways, in a prosper-
ous and thickly settled neighborhood.
Improvements — a 2-story 6-room dwell-
ing, a large store house, 5 rooms over
the store, a feed stable 18x40, 20 feet
high, blacksmith shor^ wheelwright
shop, and 4-room tenant house, all oc-
cupied and in excellent repair. Price,
$1,500. Fine business stand.
No. 34.

50 acres — Truck and fruit farm in
Virginia, near steam and electric rail-
road. 12 miles from Washington. 10
acres in timber. This farm is almost
covered with fruit trees, namely,
peaches, pears, plums, cherries, apples,
crab apples and berries. Land is
smooth and gently rolling, watered by
several springs. Improvements — 5-
room frame dwelling, barn 30x35, corn
crib, granary, wagon and wood shed, I $9,000; one-third cash, balance to suit
hog. poultry and meat houses, all in the purchaser.

farms for sale, both large and small, Write me description of
ore than pleased to serve you.

W. E. MILLER, Herndon, Va.

good repair. In excellent neighbor-
hood. Price, $5,000.

No. 30.

50 acres in Loudoun county, 3 1-2
miles from railroad. Land chocolate
clay; 5 acres in timber, 3 acres in
apple orchard 10 years old. Land in
good condition. Improvements — a new
6-room dwelling not quite finished, a
large stable, and other small farm
buildings in fair condition. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33.

400 acres in Loudoun county, con-
venient to railroad, level road, 40
acres in timber, balance cleared, di-
vided into eight fields, running water
in all. good fence. Land well set in
timothy and clover. Soil mahogany
clay and some yellow loam, fine grain
and grass land. Situated in pleasant
neighborhood, 24 miles from Washing-
ton. Improvements — 7-room dwelling,
1 1-2 story, new sheep barn and new
cow barn, large stable for 9 horses,
machine sheds, granary, corn crib,
poultry house, fine spring house with
large spring at edge of lawn. This
farm is smooth and level. There are
about 300 sheep and lambs on , nis
farm. If farm is sold by May 20th,
1904. the farm and sheep and one-half
of the lambs can be bought for $S,500
on easy terms.

No. 35.

400 acres in Loudoun county, 26
miles from Washington, 60 acres in
timber, balance cleared, smooth and
just a little rolling, divided into seven
fields, excellent fences, running water
in all, 50 acres in wheat. 230 acres of
orchard grass, blue grass, jtimdthy
and clover. Any of this land will
grow from 40 to 50 bushels of corn to
the acre without fertilizer. Improve-
ments— handsome 8-room dwelling
with closets, pantry and cellar, two
long porches, new barn 30x100 feet,
stalls for 12 horses and 50 big cattle,
4-room tenant house, granary and all
other necessary small farm houses in
excellent repair, large store house
near dwelling, post-office in store, tele-
phone in house. There are 30 three
vear old cattle on this farm. If farm is
sold by the 20th of May. 1904. the farm
and 30 cattle can be bought for

280

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

LEGHORN POULTRY FARM

Hae for sale a limited number of S. C
BROWN and S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
Pullets and Roosters. Beat layers koowa
Prlie Winning Stock. Price. J1.00, J1.60 each'
Egg. In season at J1.00 for 16; J2.60 for M;
IS.0O per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed.
Address A. T. MATTHEWS. B.x 36, Parksley, Va

Farm=Raised Poultry.

Two distinct locks of Mamnath Bronze Tur-
keys from which we make mating, for brooding
purposes at reasonable prices. Eggs in season

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

BIRDS AMD EGG8.
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, T.nn

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

These cocks woa 10 per ceat. of battles
fought la 1S02 aad 1S03, aid hare never lost
• battle when sameness and cutting quali-
ties could wla. Eggs J2 per 15; stock for sale.
THOS. \V. JARMAH, V.ocoy Mills, Va.

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of 15.
Light Brahmas, Black Mlnercas,
b. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W
Rocks, Brown Lethjr«» S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C.

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON Ma-
nassas, Va. Clover Hill Farm

EGGS FOR SALF

MAMMOTH BRONZE TIlitFvs • j
BARRED PLY riOUTN ROCKS T«. «t ,per"?
ties. My llocks of both are derived from S
wlD,T' S' «*• b"t .train, in the wind. P""

r.dpfymomnVoek^'/JrTCob*400, Bar"

rad 75U5&te25?!SX 'T,^so- B,r-

at once"' """' l° "Care ,ge'' fllc *eai ord«»

PiRDMSNT POULTRY PI Irs
Mis. E. Cslll. 0,1... pr.,. . * Vw.\ D.prt. Vs.

Mention The Southebn Plantzb
when corresponding with advertisers.

Uncle Sam, in the person of 10 of
his government officials, has charge of
every department of the Hayner Dis-
tillery. During the entire process of
distillation, after the whiskey is
stored in their warehouses, during the
seven years it remains there, from the
very grain they buy to the whiskey
you get, Uncle Sam is constantly on
the watch to see that everything is all
right. They dare not take a gallon of
their own whiskey from their own
warehouse unless he says it's all right.
And when he does say so, that whis-
key goes direct to you, with all its
original richness and flavor, carrying
a United States registered distiller's
guarantee of purity and age, and sav-
ing you the dealers' big profits. If
you use whiskey, either medicinally or
otherwise, you should read the offer
of The Hayner Distilling Company
elsewhere in this paper.

DR. HAAS' EXPERIMENTAL FARM.

The accompanying illustration is a
scene on the experimental farm lo-
cated near Indianapolis, Ind., and own-
ed and conducted by Dr. Jos. Haas.
This farm is maintained for the ex-
press purpose of demonstrating what
can be done with the different live
stock preparations manufactured by
Dr. Haas, all of which were perfected
years ago and users of them to-day
are feeding preparations that are abso-

Hollybrook Farm

EGGS FOR SITTING
INCUBATORS.

Barred PlymcmtH Rochs

Per Sitting $1.(0, per 100 eggs $5.00.

:-: WHITE WYANDOTTES :-:

Per Sitting $1.50, per 100 eggs $7.00.

Both are from first class vigorous
stock from the best laying strains in
the country.

HENRV W. WOOD,
P. O. Box 330. Richmond, Va.

lutely certain to bring about the re-
sults claimed for them. Nothing is
claimed for his Hog Remedy, Live
Stock Remedy (for horses, cattle and
sheep). Stock Food and Poultry Pood
that, practical tests have not proven
they will do. See his advertisement
elsewhere in this issue, and send to
him for a copy of his book, "Hogo-
logy." which will be sent free to any
of our readers asking for it, if South-
ern Planter is mentioned in writing.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

EGGS FOR HATCH NG

Item WHITE WTANDOTTES, SINGLE
COMB and BROWN LEGHORNS and PEKIN
DUCKS. Wo breed only layers from laye.J,
and cot layers that commence eariy and keep
at It. Vigorous stock, fertile esse, aad care-
ful packinc is our way. Eggs, 15 for $1<*0.
DIXIE POULTRY COMPANY, R. R. No. 4,
Richmond, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rocks

PRIZE WINNERS. THOROUGHBRED.
The matchless F. F. V. strain founded on
Bradley Bros., Thompson and others Ply-
mouth Rocks, are recognized as the beat
general purpose fowl. Improve your stock
by now blood. Fancy stock for show room.
Large, vigorous birds for fams. Eggs, $1.SS
to JS for 16. Circular free. VIRGINIA HILL
POULTRY FARM, Brlatel. Va.-Tonn.

14 years lino bred

Barred Plymouth Rocks

for laying qualities. Try a few sitting* and b«
convinced. Price $1.0* per sitting of 16, 2 lit-
tings at $1.60 ; no stock for sale; see what on* »f
my many customers says:

"The birds received all O. K. I am well
pleased with them Tbey are more than I ex-
pected. When I am in need of any more stock,
yon can depend on me "

T. O. TRUMP, Kearneysville, "W. Va.
E. F. SOMMERS, - Somerset, Va.

WINTER LAYERS

for Southern farmers. Ten years' experience
with fowls has taught me that WYAN-
DOTTES and ORPINGTONS excel in winter
laying. Blue grass S. C. ORPINGTONS
(from imported stock). Eggs, $1.25 per IS.
First class BUFF and WHITE WYAN-
DOTTE. Eggs, »100 per 13. M. B. TURK-
EYS IN FALL. HUGUENOT POULTRY
YARDS. Dublin. Va.

EGGS!

Barred Plymouth Rocks

ONE DOLLAR FOR 15.

Prompt attention.
MRS. JNO. F. PAYNE,
University Station, Charlottesville, Va.
CLATRMONT DAIRY FARM.

Pure-bred young B. PLYMOUTH
ROCK ben. for sale at 75c each.
Miss S M. HITER.

Elllsvllle, Louisa Co., Va.

1804.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

281

EGGS-ACTLY-EGGS ! ! !

Here Is the place to get your eggs (or
hatching. Choice eggs from Standard bred
Barred Plymouth Rocks, "Ringlet" strain.
Some of "THE BEST WHAT IS." Barred
Pocks are the FARMER'S FAVORITE, the
POULTRYMAN'S CHOICE— In fact, they are
the PRIDE OF THE POULTRY WORLD.
If you want the BEST. Write me to-day.
H. C. NEWTON, Propr. Pee Dee Poultry
Farm, McColl, S. C, R. F. D. No. 2.

Eggs at One-Half Price

For 30 days to Introduce my BARRED PLY-
MOUTH ROCKS. No fowls for sale. Eggs.
SOc. for 13; $1 for 26: $1.50 for 40; $3 for 100.
Can furnish a few sittings of S. C. B. Leg-
horns at $1 for 15. If orders booked early. No
more Berkshire Pigs for sale.

M, E, ANDREWS. Hurt, Pitts. Co., V».

BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS.

POLAND-CHINA PIGS.

Book your orders early for eggs from our
■olid Buff Orpingtons. Orders can only be
filled In turn. Sold out on cockerela lone
ago. and no stock till fall. Ekes, $1 per IS.
Orpingtons only. Poland China pigs, $7 for
pair; S3. 75 for one.

OCCONEECHEB FARM,

Mecklenburg Co. JRFFRESS, VA.

CHOICE

POULTRY KEEPING FOR PROFIT.
This is the title of a very hand
some book of 186 pages, issued as a
catalogue by the Cyphers Incubator
Co., of Buffalo, N. Y., who have been
advertising with us this season.

Of 40 Varieties Best Poultry. Fine, large Il-
lustrated descriptive Poultry Book postpaid,
only 6c. Price list FREE. Write now.
JOHN E. HEATWOLE. Prop. Valley Poultry
Farms, Harrisonburg, Va.

BUFF LEGHORNS

Fancy stock, proseny of New York winners
for 10 generations. Hens averaged 220 eggs last
year Order now to avoid disappointment. Eggs
1200 for 15 Also . <*?■

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEY

eggs, 13 for $5 00.

A. R. VENABLE, Jr., Farmville, Va.

The illustration shown here does
small justice to the beauty of the
cover. However, the attractiveness of
the book is only secondary to its con-
tents. Between the covers will be
found a thorough discussion of the
poultry question from a to z, and any
one who reads it cannot fail to get a
lot of valuable information. We sug-
gest that all of our readers interested
in poultry send for a copy of it, men-
tioning the Southern Planter.

APRIL -MAY

The best months In the year to hatch chicks.

ORDER YOUR RGOS FROM OUB

HEAVY LAYING STRAIN of

Barred Plymouth Rocks

$1.00 for 15.
D N. McLEAN. Maxton. N. C.

Partridge Cochins,

BLACK BREASTED RED GAMES, S. C.
RHODE ISLAND REDS, S. C. WHITE LEG-
HORNS.

Eggs, $1.25 per 15; $2.00 per 30. If we do
not have what you want, write us and we
will tell you where to get it. RIVERSIDE
POULTRY FARM, J. B. COFFMAN & SONS,
Dayton, Va.

Edgemont Poultry Yards,
Liberty Mills, Va.

WHITE WYAND0TTES T9^
and BUFF P. ROCKS.

Stock and Eggs for sale. Choice lot of cock-
erels from $1 up; eggs, $1 for 15, or $5 per
100. JOHN A. REEDY, Prop.

POE'S LOVE OF RICHMOND.
Poe loved Richmond as he loved no
other place on earth. His happy child-
hood was spent there — the only period
of his troubled life which was free
from want. Here he found his foster-
father, John Allan, who was proud
of the orphan boy, and the only moth-
er he ever knew, who was sweet and
gentle with him to the end. Here
were the friends and playmates of
his boyhood, and here lived the gentle
woman who was the "Helen" of the
most beautiful of his early poems.
Here, after a first ceremony in Balti-
more, he was married by a second to
a lovely and youthful Virginia Clemm,
and here they spent the happiest year
of their married life. Here, as editor
of the "Southern Literary Messenger,"
he did much of his best work. — April
Century.

CUTAWAY HARROWS.

The Cutaway Harrow Co. has extend-
ed its advertising contract with us for
another term. We invite the atten-
tion of our readers to these useful
laborsaving tools. This company will
be very pleased to mail descriptive
pamphlet to all enquirers.

: : Barred Plymouth Rocks, : :

j~- S Silver Laced and White

jjWYANDOTTES,

EQQS FOR SITTING At Low PrlcM.

All'our birds are fine specimens
and heavy layers. Send us a trial
order. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Granite Poultry Yards,

Mrs. J. D. A. Fisher, Prop.
R. F. D. 3. Salisbury, N. C.

BARRED P. R O

r , Eggs From Sunnyside

tggS 9110 Ringlet Strain, $150 for 15
From good Pure bred

Cockerels 75 cents for «

Incubator eggs. $3 00 for 100
Sunnyside Ringlets, $2 50 each. Eeturn
the cockerels, if not satisfactory, and
get money back.

Sunnyside Poultry Farm,

Christiansburg, Va.

WALSH'S

Barred Plymouth RocRs

High class combination utility and
exhibition stock. Best blood. Bred
from prolific layers of large brow*
eggs. Eggs, J1.50 per 15.

L. W. WALSH,

Box 194. Lynchburg, Va.

SILVER-LACED

WYAND0TTES.

(Egps For Hatching-.
$1.00 per 15 from strong and
healthy birds of lending
strains. A lew choice pulleti
at $1 each. Pure-bred Poland
China Pigs at $5.00 each.

Dr. H. H LEE,

R. R D. 2. Lexington, Va.

MY PORE-BRED

S. C. Brown Leghorns,

Are the best layers In the world — lay
at all seasons. Place your orders early
for eggs, 15 for $1.

W. S. GUTHRIE, Childress, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS.

Eggs for hatching from splendid layers, tl
per setting. Pens mated for best results. A.
few White P. Rock Cockerels at tl each.

R. W. HAW, Jr., Cenlralia, Va.

EQGS FOR HATCHING

From finest strains In America. White Wjib.
dottes. Barred Plymouth Rocks. S1.00 per 18.

PENN LAIRD POULTRY CO., - Penn Laird, Va.

282

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

■ -.■''•.•.•.*C~^.».-.».--».-.S.».''..--~

...FEEDIN6 OUR...

BABY CHICK FOOD

PRODUCES

HEALTHY CHICKS.

SAMPLE FOR THE ASKING.
INCUBATORS, :■: :•:
BROODERS AND

POULTRY SUPPLIES,

ALWAYS IN STOCK.

BIRDS, PET STOCK, GOLD FISH

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER.

CATALOGUE FREE.

Having made a change in manage-
ment we are better than ever, prepared
to make prompt shipment.

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.,

S17-519 West Broad St.,

Richmond, Va.

NOW IS THE TIME,

to set eggs. My eggs are pro-
duced from some of the best
stock in the country, and will
give satisfaction. Prices rea-
sonable. G. F. POINDEXTER,
Breeder of WHITE WYAN-
DOTTES and PEKIN DUCKS,
~ BROOK MOUND FARM,
i enlee, Rockbridge Co., Va.

Edgewood Stock Farm.

WHITE WYANDOTTES.
This month your last chance to get cock-
erels. Special price for three. Chickens
have run of large farm, so cockerels are sure
breeders. Eggs for sale at $1 dozen. H. B.
ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, W. Va.

Plymouth Rocks.

I offer 25 choice pure bred BARRED PLY-
MOUTH ROCK COCKERELS at $2 each.
Entire stock was purchased last Spring from
Biltmore, of prize winners. DAVID DUN-
LOP. Westover, Va.

White Wyandotte

Eggs, 15 for $1.

RHODE ISLAND RED.
Eggs, $1.50 for 15, cash with order.

JOHN W. MORRIS. Waldrop, Va.

200 egg strains of W. P. ROCKS. W. WY-
ANDOTTES. W. S. C. LEGHORNS. Limited
number sittings from best pens. Reasonable
prices. All stock inbred for eggs. Address
E. M. HICKMAN, Edlnburg, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

and BLACK MINORCA eggs for sitting at
75c. for 15 eggs; $1.26 for 30: and $3.60 for 100.
Apply to Mra. N. T. GARTH, ElllsTllle, Va.,
Louisa county.

MAGAZINES.

Easter is a subject of prominence
in the April Century. Two of the
four color drawings are of- Easter sub-
jects: "The Easter Hymn." the fron-
tispiece, by Violet Oakley, and "The
Easter Bonnet," by Anna Whelan
Betts. Two other pictures are of
"Easter in Greeley Square, New York
City." a double-page drawing of a
flower market by Jules Guerin, and an
engraving by Cole in the Old Spanish
Masters series of Morales's beautiful
"Madonna of the Little Bird." The
other two pictures in color are by
Maxfleld Parrish. illustrating the fam-
ous Villa d'Este and the Pool of the
Villa d'Este, in conjunction with Edith
Wharton's paper on "Villas Near
Rome," with which there are other
pictures in black-and-white by Mr.
Parrish, one of which might be an
illustration of an anonymous poem in
the May number. "Spring at the Villa
Conti." L. Frank Tooker, whose
poems of the sea are well known,
writes of "Spring in South Street,"
the harbor of sea craft in New York.
The most novel feature of the April
Century is the opening part of ur.
Weir Mitchell's new record of "The
Youth of Washington." told in the
form of an autobiography. With it is
given a portrait of Dr. Mitchell, re-
cently made by John S. Sargent. Dr.
Mitchell's unique experiment is the
fruit of years of research, and chal-
lenges attention by its combination of
the interest of fact with the interest
of fiction. Readers interested in the
war in the East will turn first of all
to "The Great Siberian Railway." a
paper written from recent personal in-
vestigation by James W. Davidson,
lately appointed United States Consul
at Antung.' Mr. Davidson had unique
facilities for his four months' study
of the great thoroughfare. He writes
chiefly of its operations in time of
peace, but its important relationship
to the war gives special timeliness to
the article. A paper of current inter-
est in scientific investigation, entitled
"Protozoa and Disease," is contributed
by Gary N. Calkins, of Columbia Uni-
versity, whose important work in
tracing the life history of the small-
pox germ is about to be announced.
The article is illustrated by the author.
"Landmarks of Poe in Richmond."
by Charles Marshall Graves, is a paper
of identifications in a field of peren-
nial interest, and is illustrated by
pictures by Harry Fenn and by a
number of new portraits. "The Fights
of the Fur Companies," by Agnes C.
Laut, is a chapter of adventure in the
Louisiana Purchase, illustrated by
Remington, Fenn and others, and pre-
senting a quaint and hitherto unpub-
lished portrait of John Jacob Astor.
Maurice Maeterlinck, whose article,
"Our Friend, the Dog," in a recent
number of The Century attracted very
large attention, contributes an essay
on "Sincerity and Love."

The frontispiece of the April St.

EGGS from Fine Fowls.

Barred, Buff and Wblte Plymouth Rocks; Sil-
ver, Wblte, Buff and Partridge Wyandottca;
Black Mlnorcas: Black Langshans ; Light
Brahmas; Buff and Partridge Cochins; White
and Brown Leghorns.

♦♦♦♦15 FOR $1.00 ♦♦♦♦
except the Wyandojtes w ch are $2.00 for 15

No stock except a few B. P. Rocks and Light
Brabmas. C. J. WARINER. Mgr., Rutfin. N. C.
Oakland Poultry Farm.

Racket Farms, Parksley, Va.

A. S. JOHNSON, Mgr.

Toulouse Geese, Pekin Ducks,

OF LARGEST STRAINS.

RHODE ISLAND REDS. WYANDOTTES,

BROWN LEGHORNS. Can furnish Leghorn

birds of best quality by the hundred. Geese

eggs, 6 for $1; all others, $1 per sitting, or

$5 per 100.

Rhode Island Reds and water fowl a spe-
ciality. Belgian Hares cheap. Satisfaction
guaranteed.

EGGS! FREE!! EGGS!

One setting (13) FREE from flock of best
B. P. ROCKS in Virginia. Write quick for
particulars. Home of the 400 in Poultry and
Stockdom. Most fashionable strains of B. P.
R. fowls, M. B. TURKEYS. Jersey Cattle,
Duroc Jersey and Poland China Swine, Eng-
lish Setters and Beagle Hounds. THE
CEDARS P. & S. FARM, WM. G. OWENS.
Midlothian, Va.

EGGS

From my S. C. Black
Minorcas and S. C.
White Leghorns of the
^— ^ very best strains.

These breeds are raised on separate farms, and

have free range. Eggs, 7oc. per 15; $1.50 per 36;

$4.00 per 100 I guarantee two-thirds hatch, or

replace at half price.

J. MILTON GARNETT, Prop.,
Mitchell's, Va.

Silver Laced "Wyandotte*.

No finer general purpose fowl in America.
Bred for beauty and utility. Eggs from choice
and pure bred stock, $1.25 per 13; $2.00 per 80.
Twenty-three years a breeder and shipper.

S. P. YOUER, Denbigh, Va.

BEST STRAIN

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

The ideal farmer's fowl. Eggs,. 50c
per setting of 15 F. O. B. here. Mra.
WM. P. Burks, R. F. D. 1. Bedford City,
Va.

^ FOR SALE *%.

r K1IL/K better blooded stock.
. 1 . ivvviy My hlghelt alm la t0

treat my customers right and retain their pat-
ronage.
CHARLIE BROWN, R. F. D. 1. Carterevllle, V«

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

BUFF COCHINS. PEKIN DUCKS. Stock and
eggs for sale very low. Incubators and organs
cheap. Satisfaction guaranteed. Rev. J. W.
HECKMAN, Cascade, Va.

for hatching
75c per sit-
ting of 15.
Mrs. A. G. HILL, Huon, Louisa County, Va.

NOTICE!

S. C. Brown Leghorn Eggs for Hatching, 75c
per 15, $4.50 per 100.

W. B. GATES,

Rice's Depot, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

283

KEEPS ECCS FRESH

UNTIL THEY ARE UtEO.

ZINKET SYSTEM.

* FILLER. PRESERVER. T[STC

mil. CNU'll THAU itm.bo

National Egg Carrier <
Scranton, Pa
LIVE AGENTS WANTED.

Barred PlymovitK Rochs,

Eggs for hatching from ROSE COTTAGE FARM
1.00 for Sitting of 15 Eggs.

riRS- nOLLIE A. SHIELDS,

Tyrconnell, W. Va.

PUREBRED Barred Plymouth Rock Eggs,
$1.00 per sitting of fifteen; also M. Bronze Tur-
keys eggs, S'2.50 per sitting. Splendid birds
F. naxwell Conner, P O. Box 3 1 6, Richmond, Va-

PEKIN DUCK EQQS.-Thorough-
bred, from young stock, very pro-
lific, healthy; wide rangers.

Per Sitting $1. Chas. B. Cooke, Richmond, Va.

BERMUDA GRASS ROOTS.

50c per bu.; 10 bus. and over, 37Jc
P. N. LITTLE, Bold Spring, Ga.

Sa

Jacks, Jennets and Stallions

FOR SALE. Fink Jacks a
Specialty. When writing

W. E. KNIGHT & CO.,

Route 5. Nashville, Tenn.

Knight & Jetton,

Breeders of and Dealers in

Jacks, Jennets, Stallions.

Durham and Hereford

YEARLINGS.

Send stamp for Catalogue.

Murfreesboro, Tenn.

SPECIAL BARGAIN
OF JACKS.

SALE

For the next 60 days, I will sell
some fine Jacks at ONE-HALF
their value, in order
to make room for the
coming importation.
I will also pay the R.
R. fare of buyers dur-
ing this time. Come
at once for a bargain.
BAKER'S JACK FARM,
Lawrence. Ind.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Nicholas is a half-tone reproduction
from a Copley print of "Dorothy," as
winsome a little lass as ever sat for
her picture. The original portrait was
by Lydia Field Emmett. Temple Bai
ley's stories always please young
readers, and "The General's Easter
Box" is seasonable and cheery, well
worth the second reading it is sure
to have. Anne McQueen's "A Work
of Art" is a quaint story of a quaint
little maiden of long ago, a tale good
enough to be true. Every girl and
boy, of whatever age. will be intense
ly interested in the two Robinson
Crusoe articles. "The Author of 'Rob
inson Crusoe'," by W. B. Northrop,
and "Robinson Crusoe's Island Two
Hundred Years Later," by Francis Ar-
nold Collins. April 26th will be the
one hundred and seventy-third anni-
versary of Daniel Defoe's death, a fact
which gives especial interest to the
likeness of the author reproduced from
a copperplate portrait in the British
Museum. Several photographs, made
a few months ago by some Chilean
warship officers, and now published
for the first time in the United States,
illustrate the articles, showing the
familiar scenes of Crusoe's shipwreck,
his cave and his lookout, the tablet
erected in memory of Alexander Sel-
kirk, etc. Another article of special
and timely interest is the account of
"A Japanese 'Middy'," by Teiichi
Yamagata, an officer in the Japanese
navy.

Stories in the April St. Nicholas are
many and varied in interest. The
plot in B. L. Farjeon's serial, "A Com-
edy in Wax," thickens to such exciting
interest that waiting for the next in-
stallment, will be hard work. "Four
Little Girls and Their Four Little
Stories" is a delightful Western idyl
from the pen of Joaquin Miller.
"Wanted" is a jolly, helpful story for
boys by Margaret Vandegrift; "What
Befel Prince Snapsandsnails" is a
nice, old-fashioned fairy story, and "A
Visit to a Colorado Glacier" Is au ac-
count of the only known glacier in the
interior of this country. Tudor Jenks
tells "About Old Ink-stands," and
Margaret Jackson brings "The Little
Duke of Dorset" near to the girls and
boys of to-day.

The April number seems more than
usually rich in taking pictures and in
jolly verse, and the departments are,
as usual, almost the best of the feast.

DAN PATCH, 1:56J.

The International Stock Food Co.,
owner of this celebrated horse, would
like to send all of our readers a hand-
some poster of him. It is litho-
graphed in nine colors and contains
no advertising. All that is necessary
to secure a copy of this poster is to
refer to the ad of this company on an-
other page and answer the two ques-
tions contained therein. You can use
a postal.

MORE

than feed is required to develop
the perfect hog. Highest re-
sults presume perfect health
j from birth to slaughter. Get
! at once to the root of the mat-
' ter. Insure perfect health to
your herd by creating absolute-
ly sanitary conditions. The
| way lies through the use of

Zenoleumi

tThis standard remedy of the .
stockman destroys the disease
germ, prevents cholera, purges
the stomach and relieves all
intestinal worms, kills lice,
cures mange and gives a clean,
healthyskin.aheaUhy vigorous
system. Don't wait untilchol-
K era strikes — you may lose your
all. ZENOLEUM insures the
hog's health.

"The Great Coal Tar Carbolic Disinfectant Dip" 5
Sample gallon of Zonoleum by ex- '
press, prepaid, SI. 50; five gallons,
freight prepaid, $6.25. Two Zenole-
um Sand books/1 Veterinary Adviser"
and "Piggie's Troubles" are full of
value for stockmen. Ask for them. '
ZENNER DISINFECTANT CO.

93 Bates St. Detroit. Mich.

"JAVANAI5"

IMPORTED FRENCH
COACH STALLION.

Will be In the stud at Mr. A. Pollard's
"Dunraven Farm," three miles below Rich-
mond, on New Market Road.

Javanais is large, handsome, and of idea
carriage conformation, and has proved
himself a sire of carriage horses. Pedigree
on application. Fee, $20.

HORSES BOARDED winter or summer;
horses fitted for market. Colts broken to
harness or saddle. A. POLLARD. R. F. D.
No. 6 Richmond, Va.

Mention the Southern Planter when
corresponding with advertiser*.

284

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Why Not
Stop That
Cold?

It may lead to

LaQrippe

: or :

Pneumonia.

Radia

Will
Cure It.

Sold in Two Sizes,
50c and $1.00.

Order Direct from

The Radia Company

Manufacturing; Chemists,
Dept. K. DURHAM, N. C.

CATALOGUES, PAMPHLETS, ETC.

American Farmers' Manual for 1904,
Peter Henderson & Co., New York
City.

Griffith & Turner Co., seedsmen,
Baltimore, Md.

Mount Hope Nurseries, Ellwanger
& Barry, proprietors, Rochester, N. Y.

Southwick Nurseries, Ed. Gillett,
Southwick, Mass. Hardy ferns and
flowers.

Geo. A. Sweet Nursery Co., Danville,
New York. Descriptive catalogue for
1904.

Elmwood Nurseries, J. B. Watkins
& Bro., proprietors, Hallsboro, Va.
New descriptive price list for spring
and fall of 1904.

Circular and price list for 1904 of
J. W. Hall, Marion Station, Md. Po-
tato and strawberry specialist.

Alfalfa, a four page circular from
Geo. Campbell Brown, Spring Hill,
Tenn.

How and When to Spray, from the
Goulds Mfg. Co., Seneca Falls, New
York.

Catalogue and price list No. 16,
National Hoist & Machine Co., Chica-
go, Illustrating and descriptive of
Parker Stump Pullers, Grubbing Ma-
chines, Hoists and attachments.

A Book of Field Scenes, The Key-
stone Farm Machine Co., York, Pa.
This catalogue is described elsewhere.

The Modern Canner, from the com-
pany bearing that name, Bridgeport,
Ala. See ad in another column.

Descriptive circular, directions,
etc., for the use of Patent Process
Fertilizer Lime from the Rockbridge
Lime & Stone Co.. Lexington, Va.

Bug Death, describing this well
known insecticide, made by the Dan-
forth Chemical Co., Leominster, Mass.
See ad in another column.

A Short Story for Poultry Raisers,
Union Fence Co.. New Haven, Conn.

The O. I. C. Swine Breeders' Asso-
ciation. Cleveland, Ohio. Last year's
report of the Association.

Photographic views and description
of the great Baltimore fire, issued by
the Armour Fertilizer Works, Balti-
more, Md. Price 25c.

We strongly urge our readers to send
for any or all of the above mentioned
catalogues, in which they may be in-
terested. Many of them are works
of art and all of them contain valua-
ble information in addition to giving
descriptions of the wares of the firms
by which they are issued.

Always mention the Southern
Planter when writing.

WTLD GAME WANTED.

Dr. Cecil French, of Washington,
has an advertisement in another col-
umn which will interest numbers of
our readers. He will buy anything
from a white elephant to a white
mouse. All of our readers should
look up his ad and let him know what
they have for sale. He will pay cash
for what he wants.

..^T^»1».».».".».'.-.».W.-.'.HY

RERKSHIRES

ANNEFIELD HERD

Contains the

Finest Blood Lines

In England and America.

Young Stock for Sale.

inquiries cheerfully answered.

SPECIAL: A lew extra 6-months old pigs,
either sex.

EDW. G. BUTLER. Annelield Farms.

Briggs, Clarke Co.. Va.

»-*».».s.m.^».s.<.*.*.'-«t*-***'-<.ggi

Berkshire Hogs!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
•f New Era; his sire Rockland Gen-
try, champion of America in 1903; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, Hodel Lee IX,
sire Qov. Lee, champion of America in
1589, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices.

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In beat of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Centreville, Md.

Hawksley Stock Farm

oilers some extra tine

BERKSHIRES.

A top lot ot pigs not akin, ready for April
delivery,

B. P. Rock and 9. C B. Leghorn eggs at
$1.00 per 15. J. T. OLIVER, Aliens Level, V«.

Accomac Herd

Large English Berkshires

For the next 30 days I otter some choice
sows and pigs at HALF their value. Fine
COLLIE PUPS, strictly pure bred. Write
your wants. A. P. WHITE, JR., Parksley,
Va.

1004.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

285

JERSEY BARGAINS.

M HEIFERS out of cowi from the best in
»T herd, which I have bee» SO years lu
building. They are the prettiest I oyer aaw.
Price, S3* each.

2 Reg. Bull Calves

• wks. and G moa. old. Each out of a cow
eivlog 2 pounds of butter per day, and by

Coquette's John Bull.

ho out of a cow with a record of IS pounds
butter per week. Price, $50 each. Also a
V. S. SEPARATOR for sale at S40; in good
repair and cost $125 new.

A. R. VENABLE Jr.,

Farmville, Va.

V.P

Farm Bulletin

We are now offering some choice young
Bulls of the following breeds:

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus.

Write at once for pedigrees and prices.

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Has for sale a large num-
ber of nice young regis-
tered A. J. C. C.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America, nulls 4 to 6 months old $26;
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHIN*
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop." Battleboro. N. C.

Cattle, Horses and Sheep

From Blue-Grass. Va.
Bought on Commission

We can furnish grade Shorthorn. Hereford
and angus steers, from 1 to S yeiirs old.

High grade, and pure-bred, heifers and
young bulis at low prices.

SADDLE, HEAVY-DRAFT and DRIVING
HORSES. Write us your wants.

SHANNON BROS.,

POPLAR HILL, VA., Giles Co.
Telegraph Office and Station,

Dublin, va.. N. & w. Railroad.

WANTED

20 VIRGINIA or NORTH
CAROLINA GRADE
S-ORTHORN

heifers. 2 to 3 years old. bred to Registered Bull",
and to calve from August to January. Artdreis,
stating price, breeding on both sid»s weight
and ago. JANNEY BROS., Gloucester. Va.

REPORTS.

U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Washington, D. C. Bureau of
Animal Industry. Bulletin 47.
The Hog Industry.
Bureau of Animal Industry. Bulle-
tin 55. Statistics of the Dairy.
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle-
tin 57. Methods used for Con-
trolling and Reclaiming Sand
Dunes.
Farmers' Bulletin 188. Weeds used

in medicine.
Farmers' Bulletin 190. Experiment
Station work.
Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn,
Ala. Bulletin 126. A leaf curl
disease of oaks.
Bulletin 127. Alfalfa in Alabama.
Colorado Experiment Station, Fort
Collins, Col. Bulletin 85. Canta-
loupe seed.
Bulletin 86. Crown gall.
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow,
Idaho. Bulletin 39. Some ex-
periments with fungus diseases in
1903.
Bulletin 40. Winter spraying for
the apple aphis.
Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana,
111. Bulletin 89. Notes on the in-
secticide use of the gasoline
blast lamp.
Bulletin 90. Fattening steers of the

various market grades.
Bulletin 91. Preventing contamina-
tion of milk.
Bulletin 92. City milk supply.
Circular 73. Milk production at the
University of Illinois.
Iowa Experiment Station, Ames,
Iowa. Bulletin 74. Breakfast
foods.
Kansas Experiment Station, Manhat-
tan, Kas. Bulletin 121. Treat-
ment and utilization of flood dam-
aged lands.
Bulletin 122. Blackleg and vaccina-
tion.
Kentucky Experiment Station, Lexing-
ton, Ky. Bulletin 110. Nursery
inspection and San Jose Scale.
Bulletin 111. The Hessian fly in

1902-'03.
Bulletin 112. Commercial fertili-
zers.
Maryland Experiment Station, College
Park, Md. Bulletin 90. Experi-
ments on the control of San Jose
Scale.
Nebraska Experiment Station, Lin-
coln, Neb. Bulletin 82. Kherson
oats.
New York Experiment Station, Gene-
va, N. Y. Bulletin 241. Should
potato growers spray?
Bulletin 243. Spray mixtures and

spray machinery.
Bulletin 244. Directors report for
1903.
Rhode Island Experiment Station,
Kingston. R. I. Bulletin 98. Anal-
ysis of feeding stuffs.
Tennessee Experiment Station, Knox-
ville, Tenn. Sixteenth annual
report for 1903.

FOR SALE

2 ABERDEEN-ANGUS HEIFERS,

Bred from "Hero of Bunker Hill," S1462, at
farmer's prices. They are blocky, good bono,
mealy coats, and WIDE AS A CART, j!
TABB JANNEY, Van Cleveavllle, W. Va

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

Ueglstered and grades, of all age*

;es. and oftlmmplon blood

beel and milk strains and

te prices AlsuMursery

l-tock ol all description:
MYER & SON, Bridgavllle, Delaware

MONTLBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

rOK SALE— 2 Registered Bulls, calved
Dec. 17th, 1902, and Aug. 2Sth, 1903.

BerKshire Pig's,

(Biltniore Strain.)
farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to
L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

ROSEDALE HERD

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle.

C holes bulls, 4 dim. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence Invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffersontoa,
Va.

Angus Cattle.

Am still offering at
rea«onable prices, some
choice yearling ABER-
DEEN-ANuUS BULLS.

J,™ nbU'lf "r^,6lrS? b7 a bu" Weighing orer
2.000 pound3. The Carvsbrook „erd

cattle is probably the largest in Virginia and
has doubtless furnished more bulls to cattle
breeders of the State and farther South than
other herd in the South. C. E. JONES
Carysbrook, Va.

H. F. COLEMAN & SONS,

MULBERRY GAP. TENN..

— BREEDERS OF —

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

JANNET'S KING, 482;], greatest
son of Valiant. Knight II., 29331, first
prize bull at all three of the Interna-
tional shows heads the herd. Visitors
and correspondence invited. Youne
things for sale.

GREENFIELD HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle.

Baron Ida, 20184 (Champion yearling II
firsts. 17 times In 1st prize herd. 4 firsts oa
produce of sire and 3 times at head of grand
sweepstakes herd) at head of herd.

The females in this herd are prize winner!
or the Immediate descendanta of prize win-
ners sired by such noted bulls as Champion
Lord Hlllhurst, Beau Forbei H., by Bea«
Bill (champion of the West for two years);
Cham. Baron Ida, Ludolph 4th, Rustler 2d.

Choice calves from the shore cows sired
by Baron Ida, Encouragement 4S382. aid
Erard 553S0.

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

286

THE S0UTHE11X PLANTER.

[April,

r&* Let Us Send You ^

Our Book.

.boat Rood wheols and good ^™«J**™"fS2
jou a lot of work and inakcyou a lol o[ mono

ELECTRIC STEEL WHEELS

and the

ELECTRIC HANDY WAGON.

By e-v te.t.tl.ey.r ■ g. I** - *« *»<»* "the

make you. old «»coo new. i_»tolosoein»
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.. Box 146. Carney. »'s.

POLAND CHINAS.

I offer for immediate sale, 12 pure-
bred open Qilts and 4 Boars, farrowed
Sept 1903.

These are first class and in fine con-
dition. Apply to

C. A. WILLIAMS,

Ringwood, N. C-

PURE-BRED

Poland-China

Pigs and one 2 year-old Reg. Boar for sale.
Prices reasonable. Apply to W. H. COOPER,
Catawba, Va.

PURE-BRED

DUR0C- JERSEYS and fSSS
Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

I am now booking orders for Spring pigs.
Both breeds are of the finest blood lines that
money can buy. Farmer's prices and satis-
faction guaranteed. B. E. WATSON. Pu-
laski, Va.

ORCHARD HILL PURE BRED

Poland Chinas !

A few pigs, brood sows, and boars for sale;
alu some S. C. B. LEGHORN Cockerels.
F. M. SMITH, JR.. Charlottesville, Va,
R. F. D. No. 4.

Registered LSlSE

C. Whites Fine large

strains. All ages, mated

not a In. f week, Pigs.

Bred sows. Service boars

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular.

P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranvllle, Chester Co., Pa.

Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-
burg Va. (Special Bulletin.)
Fourth report of the State ento-
mologist and Plant Pathologist on
the San Jose Scale and the admin-
istration of the crop pest laws of
Virginia 1902-1903.

Wyoming Experiment Station, Lara-
mie, Wyo. Bulletin 59. The wheat
grasses of Wyoming.
Bulletin CO. Wheat growing on the
Laramie plains.

Philippine Bureau of Agriculture,
Manila, P. I. Farmers' Bulletin 10.
Maguey in the Philippines.

Imperial Department of Agriculture
for the West Indies, Barbadoes,
W. I. Lectures on the diseases of
the sugar cane.
West Indian Bulletin, Vol. IV., No.
4. Sea Island cotton in the United
States and the West Indies.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, ■ ■ Rustburg. Va.

jp.rsey Ren Pigs

about three mon
Only a few left.

CHA.S. B

I have
healthy
hs old.

COOKE

some
i. r»y
Price.

, Rich

V!Y fint'

Bed Plus,
12.60 each.

mond, Va.

R E G I SIT E R E D

SHORTHORNS.

Our old, established herd of about
forty good milking cows is headed by
imported SIR WILFRED LAURIER,
144766 (a son of the great English
champion Marengo); CEDRIC, 126088
(a grandson of William of Orange, of
Marr Farm), and FRANTIS LAD,
210443 (a winner of second prize In
senior bull caives at 1903 International
Young stock for sale,

P. S. LEWIS & SON,
Point Pleasant, W. Va.

WASHINGTON NOTES.
Representative Brooks, of Colorado,
has introduced o bill for the purpose
of taking a census of the live stock of
the country. It provides for a tax of
a mill on each head of cattle, horses,
mules and asses, one-fourth of a mill
on each head of sheep and goats, and
one-half of a mill on each hog in the
country. The tax is to be collected
through a system of stamps, similar
to the internal revenue method. The
idea of a tax therefore is simply to
provide funds for gathering and com
piling annually live stock information.

Is there such a thing as a man hav-
ing too much agricultural knowledge?
Possibly there is, especially if that
man is not a farmer. I have in nind
the genial assistant chief, or more
properly, assistant editor, of the Agri-
cultural Department's Division of Pub-
lications, Joseph A. Arnold, who h:ts
charge of the review and editing of
the entire output of bulletins and cir-
culars of the department, avera^.ng
something over one a day.

"I do not believe," said Mr. Arnold,
the while fingering the page proofs of
a bulletin on farm experiments, which
I later corralled for the benefit of the
readers of the Southern Planter, "that
the majority of the farmers of the
country appreciate how really good and
useful some of the publications of the
department are. Because farm bulle-
tins are sent to farmers upon request,
free of charge, and probably because
such a mass of uninteresting docu-
ments are printed by the different gov-
ernment departments, farmers ilonbt-
if?? think that these bulletins and
booklets on farm crops, farm annuals
and farm procedure, are not. worth
studying or following. A knowl«oga
of the facts would convince any man
of an inquiring turn that this depart-
ment affords every farmer a tree li-
brary and issued in convenient form
for carrying around in his pocket for
reading at odd moments, which W. Jld
coet him in the open market many
dollars. The department has special-

ELLERSLIE FARM*-—
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep

and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

MEADOW BROOK
SHORTHORNS..*

I have several very fine Shorthorn Red Bull
Calves 6 to 10 months old, and several very
nice yearling Shorthorn Heifers for sale at
farmers prices. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper. Va.

COOK'S CREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

. — Herd Headed by Governor

Tvler UXH48 lit prize aged bull at Radford Hair,
Young Bulls' and heifers for sale, inspection
and correspondence Invited.
MEATWOLE & SUTER. Dale Enterprise, Va.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

BREEDER OF PURE BRED

Short Horn Cattle and
Poland-China Hog's.

?OR SvLE: 2 yearling bulls, good ones, ready
for service, fired by Verbena's Champion No.
1298H1; some younger bnUs. sired by Royal Chief

N,,. i-m.;j: also some Fall Poland China shoats
of both sexes. Come or write.

REGISTERED

Guernsey Cattle

Of all ages, for sale, including a 2-year
old Bull, from a tested dam.

Also i grade Cows and a tested 2 yr.
old Bull.

G. M. WALLACE,

FALMOUTH, VA.

(ZIc^ 0. I. C. PIGS

^=> — V.r-' FRon RECL STOCK.

EOR SALE. PRICES RIOHT.
F. S. M1CH1E, Charlottesville, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

287

Angus Cattle for Sale

LOW.

1 Reg. Bull Calf. 8 mos old.

3 ye Grade Angus Bull Calves.

8 15-16 Grade Angus Bull Calves.

1 Bull Calf out of a fine Short Horn Cow by

our Angus Bull.
These grades calves look like thoroughbreds,

and will please the most fastidious.
1 First Class Family Milk Cow, 4 years old,

qualities perfect.
A splendid location for a saw-mill. 2% to 3

million feet, % Oak and % Pine. One half

mile from Railroad.

W, IYI. Watkins & Sons,

Saxe, Va.

•I OFFER'

2 Reg. Ayrshire Bulls,

One lOuios. old PRICE, $40.00.

One comings yrs. old PRICE, 866.00.

Low considering Quality.
Registered and high grade HAMPSHIREDOWN
SHEEP of best breeding. Rams. Ewes and
Lambs for sale. Stock and Prices will suit.

FOR SALE.

Having rented my river farm, will sell new
McCOKMICK SELF BINDER. Also 36 head of
COTSVYOI.D Ewes, two to four years old, and
bred to full biood HAMPSHIREDOWN Buck, to
lamb in April.

Address JOHN MATHEWS,

EAST RICHMOND, VA,

...Woodland Farm.

DORSET SHEEP,

Beardless Barley,

The best known nurse crop.

J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanicsburg, 0.

....BARGAINS....

DORSETS AND

HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONG, LANT2 MILLS, VA.

Reg. Devon Dull.

1 year old for sale. Price, $50 f. o. b. cars
Richmond, Va. A fine animal. J. W. C.
GRAVES, Glen Allen, Va.

=<=OR SALF=

Cross bred JERSEY and DURHAM heifer.
Scon fresh. Cross bred JERSEY and ALDER-
NEY cow calf. Fine brood mare. Saddle
stock. M. R. WALLACE. Golansville. Va.

Mention the Southern Planteb Id
WTltlng.

ists of its own on most subjects, nifn
whe are trained and have given their
lives to the study of their particular
br?nches. If any agricultural subject
comes to the fore upon which Ihe
agents of the department themselves
sue not entirely conversant, the secre-
tary contracts with some acknowledged
authority for a special report or arti-
cle on the subject, in order to place
the results of this man's knowledge
and experience before the American
farm public. It is true that we issue
a vast number of bulletins and farm
pamphlets, and we are always mo.'e
than glad to send out anything we
have when we believe it is appreciated,
nevertheless it is probable that there
are hundreds of thousands of farmers,
who. if they knew more of the oxcel-
'ence of some of these farm bulletins
would do much to secure copies of
them."

A German test noted by the Depart-
ment of Agriculture shows that trpus
planting carrots apparently interferes
with the growth of the tap root and
induces abnormal forms, such as oc-
cu.- here and there from hoeing or cul-
tivating. While they are irregular in
shape, the transplanted roots are usu-
ally larger.

All of the Seed catalogues contain
several pages of alluring novelties.
Tnese are in each case described as
new strains and varieties discovered
and bred up under peculiar conditions,
so that they are far and away ahead of
anything else of the kind, for easi-
ness, size, flavor, etc. The farmer who
might be figuring on doing a little
extra gardening with a view of supply-
ins the village might get the impres-
sion from reading of these novelties
that all he would have to do would be
to get a sufficient supply of certain of
these extra early things, and if his
neighbors didn't happen to see the
wonderful discovery made by the seed
house running the Springfield Farm, he
would have a scoop on the community
with these wonderful varieties, which
would enable him to sell everything
he could raise at fancy prices. Pro-
ceeding on such a theory would cer-
tainly bring disappointment. The
novelty pages are in the catalogues
every year, and it is well enough to
let them alone or patronize them spar-
ingly.

Consul Guenther sends in a govern-
ment report on the extent of the per-
fume industry in the city of Grasse.
Germany. Over two million and a half
pounds of roses are used and over half
a million pounds of orange flowers an-
nually. The so-called oil of roses is
manufactured from a grass, and the
oil of geranium is produced from a
flower in no way resembling that plant
It might be assumed that new mown
hay extract would be the principal per-
fume product of that city.

TOBACCO.

High Grade Smoking
Tobacco.

We will give the Smoker direct
for 35 Cents Per Lb. in 5 lb.
boxes, as fine a pipe and cigar-
ette tobacco as is made. Send
us $1.75 and be convinced The
regular retail price of this stock
is V2 cents per lb.

The Richmond Merchandise & Trading Co.,

Box 149. Richmond, Va.

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. SXtoSlS. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Training. Su cents : Frei 1/
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMuNT STOCK FARM,
Albany. Vermont.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. f. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 60c.

We offer this splendid work In connec-
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume, SI. 25.
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90e.
Old sr lew subscriptions.

The RICHMOND. FREDERICKSBURG
and POTOMAC R. R.

and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON

LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.
Between all Points via Richmond, Va.
Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR, TrafBc Manager.

Mention the Southern Planter in

writing.

233

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Dnriag the early years of the Repub-
lic patents were granted at the rate of
aeren or oijcbt a year, and In Wa9hfn<-
toa's first term when patent applica-
tions were piesented to the govern-
ment, they were passed upon by the
President and his Cabinet in regular
cabinet r. eeting. Later a patent of-
tce was established and a commis-
fioner of patents appointed. The De-
partment of Agriculture sprang from
the Patent Office. When Henry L.
Ellsworth was commissioner, in 1839.
he recommended to Congress an ap-
propriation of $30,000, which was
Bade, for the collection of agricultu-
ral statistics, investigations for pro-
moting agricultural and rural economy
ar.rt the procurement of useful cut-
tings and seeds for gratuitous distribu-
tion among farmers. Mr. Ellsworth
■ever dreamed how his free seed idea
was to grow, and at the same time
degenerate into a scheme to help Con-
gressmen get re-elected.

The Sunset Magazine says that the
way to cook a goose is — first, after
getting the goose, to skin it, since the
•tin carries a strong odor, and if left
•n while being cooked will flavor the
whole flesh. Skinning birds of various
k1nd3 is practiced by many sportsmen
and hunters. An expert can skin
much quicker than he can pick a bird.
I have often skinned birds for camp
cooking, but believe I prefer to eat the
bird with the skin on. This calls to
mind also the practice of skinning
tsh. This is really an excellent idea,
and skinning a fish when one knows
now takes much less time than scaling
It Nothing is so unpleasant, too, as
finding scales in your fried fish, un-
less it is cores in baked apples.

"The Dairy Herd: Its Formation
and Management," designated as
farmers' bulletin No. 55, has been re-
Tised and reprinted by the Depart-
ment of Agriculture. This bulletin
has been in steady and constant de-
mand since its preparation some years
ago by Major Alvord, the chief of the
Dairy Diivsion. Major Alvord is him-
self a practical farmer, wears boots
and lives on a farm out in Virginia,
an hour's ride from Washington, and
reading this bulletin seems like talk-
tog with any up-to-date, wide-awake
dairyman farmer, who has had the ad-
rantage of travelling around and get-
ting in touch with the operations of
ether successful and prominent dairy-
men.

Another farm bulletin which the
Department of Agriculture has had to
revise and reprint because of a large
demand for it is No. 22, "The Feeding
ef Farm Animals." This bulletin has
gone into the hands of tens of thou-
sands of farmers, and has been re-
printed by the Department seven or
tight times.

Local agemciea and complete repair atocka ararywhar*

MILWAUKEE

HARVESTERS

International Harrester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

THE GROVE STOCK FARM

1 OFFER THIS MONTH

S Dorset IFt^trxis,

1 YEAR OLD, REGISTERED. PRICE TO INCLUDE TRANSFER.

1 HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ?«11'N18tlm?nt,i9?!f'?red^

"Sir Netherland of the Grove,
Dam "Floyd Reynolds." Also 3 young bulls, 9 months old, sire
of these bulls has 24 of his nearest ancestors that gave 21 lbs. of
butter in 7 days. T. 0. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

N. <i W. AND SOUTHERN R. R.

* <r\f\r\r\ c^<r\<T\c^ r^ic^*f\(r\t c"^t'*\.("\.c*Ai^\«^\.c*\. c^.r*\fIA.r*\.c*T.r"\.

x 8

x C'lSMONT DORSETS 8

X X

X CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young ^

"W Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. "Vj*

Prices Reasonable.

G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Ya.

WWV WW WW yyy yyyy yyyy yy

,ARGS YORKSHIRE HOGS

THE COMING BACON BREED-
THE MOST PROLIFIC BRE.E.D-

48 pigs from four litters, ready for December delivery — our Fall
prices always the lowest.

INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl.

WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers.

WHITE WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also

JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but-
ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTITERN PLANTER.

289

The Department has an illustrated
bulletin 1l press descriptive of the va-
rious weeds used in medicine. A
glimpse of the advance proofs shows
illustrations of such common things
as burdock, dandelion, poke weed, mul-
lein, catnip, thistles, jimson weed, etc.,
and the subject might seem of entire
unimportance, but it is a fact that
certain of our best known weeds now
either generally or locally infesting
the country, are the sources of crude
drugs, which are imported into the
country in large quantities. Some of
the plants coming within this class are
in many States at present subject to
anti-weed laws and farmers are re-
quired to take measures toward their
extermination. Often when weeds
have been dug, the work of handling
and curing them is not exhaustive,
and might even prove a diversion for
the little boy on the farm, especially
if he were going to make a few pen-
nies out of it. The prices paid for
crude drugs from these sources are
not great, and would hardly tempt
any one to pursue this exclusive line
of business. The bulletin in question
gives considerable information as 10
the methods of collecting and prepar-
ing the weeds which produce these
drugs. Primarily the leaves or roots
must be thoroughly dried, otherwise
they will mold in transit and be re-
jected by the drug dealer to the dis-
couragement of the collector. The de-
scription of the various weeds from
which these drugs can be obtained
comprises their several local names,
their localities and habits of growth
aE.i the usefulness of the drug de-
rived; also the imports of the drugs to
the United States, and the average
price.

Gut E. Mitchell.

IN DARKEST RUSSIA.

The Russo-Japan war, should it be
prolonged, will create a boom in wheat
such as has never before been ex-
perienced, all of which is now an ac-
tuality. It is perhaps not generally
known that Russia is a great producer
of wheat and that the great wheat in-
dustry of Russia and Siberia formida-
bly rivals that of America. The de-
velopment of wheat growing in Russia
as in America has been largely due to
the use of American harvesting ma-
chinery.

The Deering Binder, Mower and
Reaper are as common sights in a
Russian field as in this country, and
their use elicits the same enthusiastic
praise in Russia and all European
countries as is given by the American
farmer.

Ponies, Ponies, Ponies,

B. B. FENCE STAYS.

The B. B. Fence Co. sends us an in-
teresting illustrated circular showing
the use of their well known fence
stays. Refer to the ad and send for
the pamphlet.

Shetland Ponies, Stallions, Geldings, Mares,
Mares in foal, Matched Pairs, Teams Tan-
dem $135 to $250jach_delivered, <£ *» <£

We Keep no boohs. *P Terms Cash, F. O. D.

OCCONEECHEE FARM,

JULIAN S. CARR, Proprietor,

DURHAH, N. C,

ALL KINDS of Fancy Poultry and Eggs for Hatching. Pheas-
ant Eges, $5.00 for JO. PIGS, PIGS, PIGS, Berkshire*. Po-
land Chinas, Essex and Yorkshire, Shropshire and Dorset Sheep.
Fine milch Cows, Jersey Strain.

If it comes from OCCOMFECHEH, it's rll right.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF ™™r

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous CK

QAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd.

Female* by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (sire of the highest
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of
females Royal Eric), Eulalies Eric 15568, (2nd prize yearling bull at World'!
Columbian) Beau Bill 1SSJ7 (champion of the West for two years), Baron Ida
2S184 (ehampien at N. Y. State Fair 1898), Baronet of Advla 1226 (by tha
"Judge" champion of the world).

Families represented in the herd are Coquette, Queen Mother, Nosegay,
Westertown Rose, Old Rose of Advia, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd a*
good breeding as any herd in America. The individual animals In the herd
have bs^n selected with the one aim "quality" in view. Come and see, or wrlU
your order and let us guarantee a flrst-class animal.

Shipping point and depot, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. t W., 24 miles S.-W. Of
Danville, Va.

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

ABERDEEN ANGUS DULLS

AT A BARGAIN.

For the next 30 (lavs, you can buy Reentered
Bulls low, Herd beaded by Allenhurst King IV,
47199, greatest son of McHtnry Blackbird 2U. 32499.
Pan American champion. ' Cnme and see or
Address W. P. AL1.EN, Prop, of Olen Allen Stock
Farm, Walnut Hill, Va.

...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers...

FOR SALE

Berkshire sows due to farrow in April and May, several boars large enough for
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin.

FGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Rock
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier
puppies by imported Rozanne.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

290

THE SOUTHEim PLANTER.

[April,

APOTHEOSIS OF THE APPLE.

Twenty Carloads of Fruit to be Dis-
tributed Free at the World's Fair.

This is to Take Place on Apple Day —
September 27 — Apple Consumers'
League to Promote the Interests of
This Luscious Product as a Food.

BY ROBERTUS LOVE.

St. Louis, Mo.— The day of the
apotheosis of the apple has been set.
September 27 next is the date. That
will be "Apple Day" at the World's
Fair. The secretary of ceremonies,
with the approval of the committee on
ceremonies, has set aside that day for
the special honor of the apple. Thus,
after waiting many years for recogni-
tion, the big red apple and his lesser
brothers are to receive a signal honor.
After that day he will be Sir Knight
or Saint Apple.

This novel and interesting idea orig-
inated with Mr. John T. Stinson, su-
perintendent of pomology, department
of horticulture for the World's Fair.
Mr. Stinson's special protege in the
fruit line is the apple. As chief of
the Horticultural Experiment Station
at Mountain Grove, Mo., he had oc-
casion to study the apple in its na-
tive glory, in the great orchards in
Southwest Missouri which is called
the "land of the Big Red Apple." He
Is a member of the executive commit-
tee and statistician of the American
Apple Growers' Congress, which met
in St. Louis not long ago, and at that
meeting he suggested that an "Apple
Day" be named, on which every visi-
tor to the World's Fair should be pre-
sented with a few eating apples. The
congress adopted the suggestion with
alacrity. Barkis being willin', Col.
Culp, of the committee on ceremonies,
named the day.

So it comes about that the 27th of
September is to be made memorable as
Apple Day. Already the mouths of
many thousands of prospective fair
visitors are beginning to "water," in
anticipation of a treat of the popular
fruit. Already the devotees of the ap-
ple have begun arrangements to make
the ceremonies of that day vivid with
variety, so that the fame of the apple
may be spread even unto the utter-
most parts of the earth.

Every man, woman and child who
attends the exposition on that day is
to be presented with three or four
fine apples, daintily wrapped in tissnp
paper, on which will be printed the
local habitation and the name of each
apple. The person eating the apple
will en.ioy the added pleasure of know-
ing what kind of apple it is and where
It came from.

This free apple distribution will
not be so simple an affair as it may
seem on the surface. SeptemtiPr is
one of the golden months for exposi-
tion attendance. The management
confidently expects to have about
300.000 persons in attendance if the
day be bright. Estimating the at-
tendance at 300.000 and allowing
three or four apples to each guest, we

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

?5£df!» ACROBAT 68460,

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome, ,. •

Come and inspect the Dest herd in the South
ROSEHONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. <s':?i:.<;

(kCTOBM SSA^Q.Vj.

' """ " » " ' ' *

Bacon Hall Farm.

i Hereford Cattle ■:- Berkshire Hogs

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

Toulouse Qeese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. GILLET & SON, - Glencoe, Haryland. [

l t I i I i t t t <t t i ■~Tii n ii I n y ■ ;i f ittp iiii;mii)i!imiiii'

Hereford Cattle.

The BEST to be had, both in BLOOD LINES and INDIVIDUAL EXCEL-
LENCE, are to be found here at prices which can not be duplicated,

I have for sale now, 1 year old Bull by Lars, Jr 85297, and 4 Bull Calves
by Imported Salisbury 76059. Salisbury Bull Calves are in great demand;
better see about one before it is too late. Write for particulars.

Murray Boocock, Owner Castalia Herefords,

KeswicK, Alb. Co., Va.

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

American Royal Show

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Special Offer:

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Three Bull Calves, 10 to 14 rronths old.
Two Cows, young, bred to Prince Rupert.

All Inquiries Cheerfully Answered.

EDWARD G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, BRIG6S, CUrke Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

291

have, in round numbers, 1,000,000 ap-
ples to be given away.

There are three hundred apples
on an average, to a barrel, and 150
barrels to a carload. A very little
figuring will show that more than
twenty carloads of the fruit will be
required.

The object of this distribution of
apples, aside from the temporary de-
light which the feast will afford, is
to promote the interests of the apple
as a food. The American Apple
Growers' Congress is engaged in a
systematic exploitation of the apple,
to the end that it may be adopted as
a regular food, either raw or cooked
In any one of a hundred ways, for a
still greater portion _of humanity
than is using it at present. The apple
is bidding for the place of the potato
as a universal edible, and the congress
hopes to demonstrate its value as a
health food at the World's Fair. In
furtherance of this end, a considera-
ble quantity of apple literature is to
be distributed on Apple Day and
other days.

THE GILTNTER HEREFORD SALE

AT AUBURN, ALA., FEBRUARY

27, 1904.

The appreciation of the efforts of
Giltner Bros., is best told by the
crowd of over 800 stockmen, repre-
sentative of every State in the entire
South, that thornged the little City
of Auburn, to attend this sale.

Fifty-three head of Registered Her-
efords. ranging in age from four
months to mature cows, sold for an
average of $214 per head. The high-
est price, $450. was twice reached,
once for that grand old matron, Prai-
rie Rose (in calf to the phenomenal
"Britisher"), which went to the fam-
ous "Herbert Domain" of J. O. Kittel.
of Tennessee; and again when the
sensationally good heifer. Mile. Lamp-
lighter, was purchased by W. Thorn-
ton, at the same figure, as a corner-
stone in the splendid herd he is found-
ing at his Tallerlega Farms. Carna-
tion 16th and Carnation 19th, two
beautiful daughters of Acrobat, and in
calf to Britisher, sold for $420 and
$400 respectively, showing how the
best are appreciated, even in the
South.

Hazel Dean, a crack son of old Acro-
bat, was the first bull to sell at the
high water mark for males, $400, at
which figure he went to Mr. Beattie,
the land and sugar king of Cuba, who
also purchased six other head of the
choicer kinds. Laddie, the most phe-
nominally short-legged, blocky calf
that has yet come under the observa-
tion of the writer, went to head the
herd of the Alabama Live Stock Co.,
at the same price, $400. Mr. Strete,
of Alabama, The Southern Cattle Co..
of Florida, and Mr. C. H. Davis, of
Georgia, were among the largest buy-
ers, and each secured the nucleus of
a magnificent herd. The cattle sold
to eight different States, and Cuba,

SURE!

The Iron Age Cultivators are

made of best steel, wood,

malleable and grey iron, and

are handsomely finished. By

using the best materials we

are able to build them light, yet strong. They do not

wear "rickety." The Iron Age Pivot Wheel Cultivator

is to-day the leading implement of its kind.

IRON AGE

IMPLEMENTS

are famous for their ease of adjustment, easy draft, and wide
range of adaptability to every condition of soil and crop.

The Iron Age Combined Harrow and Cultivator is an imple-
ment that will pay for itself time and again in the cultivation
SSk. vl °^ croPs that require especial care.

^^si*l«(^«J Send for the New Iron Age Book that

l^S-Si.—^^gs* describes the entire line. It's free.
— 1 — 1--JL Jr* ,_JkOJ' BATEMAN MFC. CO., Ilox 167 Grenlocb, N. J.

SSE-.iilLL TOP STOCK .t'AKM.

A SPECIALTY-

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. 8.
Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man-
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm,

with increased facilities, will make a

. pecialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, withoutregard to cost,
from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood.

My BERKSHIRE: FIGS

For this Spring delivery will weigh 100 pounds at 12 weeks of age, and for INDI-
VIDUAL MERIT cannot be excelled in the United Slates. Thev will make show
hogp against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. The last of
mv Fall and winter piss have been pold, and orde'S will only be tak*>n for Spring
delivery S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H A. S. Hamilton &. Co.)

I am now prepared to book orders for
pigs from imported Kingstone Poetess,
bred by C.C. Smith, Kingstone Commons,
England. Also from Queen of ^assifern,
bred by James Lawrence, of Shrivenham,
England. Also from Queen Alfreda,
from imported Loyal Mason, imported
Loyal Berks, imported Princess Alfreda,
Prince Alfred, etc. These are as fine as the world can produce, though I cannot
expect fancy prices for them like some breeders get. Bacon your mongsels and
start aright in the hog business. Remember me when pricing shorthorns (Durhams).

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, LFXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

F
O
R

S
A

L
E

BERKSHIRE BOARS

6 months old, right in every way.
JERSEY BULL CALVES,

from superior cows.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville, - - Virginia

292

TTTE SOUTHS KNT PLANTER.

[April,

and the good seed thus scattered will
prove a wonderful power for good in
the South, and cannot but work mir-
acles in the cattle conditions in the
South. The fight of Giltner Bros.,
with their superb Herefords will re-
dound to the good of all improved
breeds. It is not the fight of the Here-
fords alone but the fight of the best
of pure-bloods against the scrub.

The far-reaching value of this Gilt-
ner sale in the South, and its benefits,
possibly can never be estimated. Aside
from the seed of good blood that was
thus broadcasted over the South and
the good sure to result therefrom; of
far greater worth to the South was this
practical demonstration of what really
good cattle are. An object lesson of
Incalculable value has been given the
South, and a standard of excellence
furnished. The days of the scrub,
pedigreed, "lost pedigreed" or just
plain old scrub, is numbered. Jn the
future the South will now demand the
choicer types of pure breeds. A
mighty howl and growl may be ex-
pected from those peddlers and pin-
hookers of grades and scrubs in the
South, vultures always in live stock
advancement, who find themselves be-
reft of the opportunity to longer prey
on the confidence and credulity of
Southerners.

IN MANY FENCE FACTORIES.
One man can attend to two, three
or even six looms at a time. Their
fences are entirely machine made, but
In our factory it requires one man at-
tending to one Page loom every min-
ute, and he has to handle every cross-
bar separately and by hand. If you
notice the construction of Page fence
you will see that it is different from
all others, and also that it requires
hand labor on every foot of the fence,
that cannot be done by machinery.
This costs a trifle more, but we think
it is worth all it costs, as the fence
gets constant personal attention dur-
ing the process of manufacture. — Page
Fence Age.

VIRGINIA HII.T, POULTRY FARM.
This poultry farm has an advertise-
ment in another column, to which we
Invite the attention of our readers. We
also susreest that they send for the
1904 catalogue of this concern, if they
are interested in Plymouth Rocks. It
will be mailed free on application.

A BOOK OF FARM SCENES.
The Keystone Farm Machine Co..
Of York. Pa., has issued a new cata-
logue under the above title. This cat-
alogue gives views of the "Hallock"
and "Keystone Adjustable" weeders
at work among the various crops.
Numbers of our readers already ap-
preciate the fact that a weeder Is an
indispensable tool on the farm. To
those who have never used one, we
suggest that they write for this cata-
logue. It will be mailed free and
we assure them that it is well worth
having.

&

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

MCCORMICK

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

BIG BARGAINS

ABERDEEN-ANGUS BULL CALVES.

For prO"-pt sale we offer as follows!

1 YEARLING BULL FOR $75.00

2 8 MOS. CALVES, EACH $50.00
2 t ' " " $40.00

These calves are sired hr our Bull Warvil, No. 40MU, (direct descender.! of the world-famous

- r~unn unywhe e. These calves are In good
;wuer the bull Is hull Ihe herd— thereiore

News Ferry, Va.

I; bird)
condition, acd lin
get the best. Con

llfHSp

• blooded

*ns ^ s to It
: thein or

color

WILSON BROS. & CO.,

THt - OArlS - STOCK. - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN. Jr.. Prop.,
We breed anil ship Hie uc»l strains of

Law ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and lci the best.
A Large Registered English Berkshire Boar,
l>a year> old, extra tine specimen 1-tiK SA..E
None bitter bred In this country, fi coming
2 year old JERSEY HEIFERS for sale; also
2 flue Jersey Cows; 1 yearliug heifer, a per
feet beauty. Wrtie for price.

ALEX. HARMAN, Mir.,LexlntIoo, Vs.

We positively guarantee to breed
anil slti)) lite \ r.KY BKp'l' strtti' s of
thoroughbred registered LARGE

ENGLISH BERKSHIRE
liugsloi LJiSSMuMiY limn any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered bend us your order

will satisfy you both in price \k
WALTER B. FLEMING.

Proprietor of In

and stock.

ESSEX PIGS v

Some fine ones, 3 mos. old, not related;
from recorded stock, also Southdown and Hamp-
shiredown Lambs. Address
L. G. JONES, i
Tobaccoville, N. C.

A neat Binder for your back num-bers can be had for 25 cents,
our Business Office.

1904.]

TTTE SOUTTTETW PLANTETt.

293

DAN PATCH \M

Fastest Harness Dorse & World

HOLDS FOLLOWING WOELD RECOIDS:

Mile Record 1:56X

Half-niile Record, «... 0:50
Mile Record on Half-Mile Track, 8:03X
Mile Record to Wacon, - . 1:57><
Mile Record to High Wheel Sulky, 3:04«
Two-Mile Record, .... 4:17

We own the World-Famous. Champion Pac-
ing Stallion. Dan Patch, and have Fine Litho-
graphs of lvm. They give a complete record
of all his Races and Fast Miles and are Free
of Advertising. The fine, large Colored
Lithograph shows Dan hitched to sulky just
as you see him in this engraving.

IT WILL BE MAILED TO YCU FREE

Postage Prepaid

IF Tor ANSWER TIIESK TWO QTESTIOSS— AT ONCI

Write to

International Stock Food Co.

Minneapolis, Minn., U. S. A.

SPRING'S WORK IN EASTERN

VIRGINIA.
Editor Southern Planter.

Notwithstanding the unusually cool
winter, and the late backward spring,
the great potato crop is now planted
here, and all crops in the ground are
taking on new life" and growing rap-
idly. The fruit buds are kept back,
however, and indications point to a
full crop of fruit.

The full moon in April is the frost
danger period here. This year we
have full moon March 31st. We may
look for light frosts then, but the
fruit will not be out enough to damage
materially. The next full moon comes
the last of April, too late to bring a
damaging frost, so we may safely as-
sume that fruit is going to escape the
frost entirely this spring. We are,
therefore, quite sure ol a good fruit
year.

The winter has been unusually cool
for this section. The coldest day was
twelve above zero, one day in Febru-
ary. The coldest in January was
fourteen above. We had only about
four days when the thermometer went
below twenty above; but we had an
unusually large number of days with
the thermometer between twenty-five
and thirty-two above.

Large acreage of radish has been
sown, and much of the crop is now
up. Early peas are sown, also spring
oats. The balance of the kale and
spinach crop is going rapidly to
Northern markets. These two last
named crops have done usually well
— bringing good prices all winter.

EDGEWOOD I STOCK, FARM ESIIItI

You men in the early iamb business need Dorset blood. No lamb grows like
a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb in December.

One cri ss will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall lambs are beauties.
Write us or come to pee them.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier Co., W. Va.

E=»

REGISTERED

Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and young sows
svith pigs. Tamworth pigi 8 wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va.

THE OAKS:

OFFERS FOR SALE AT LOW PRICF.S

2 SHORTHORN BULLS,

Rising 1 yr. old ; asolid red with -white points and a rich red roan.
Eligible to registry. Also a pair of MORGAN COLTS, 13 hands,
•2 inches high. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va.

SPECIAL BARGAINS IN H0LSTEIN4 RESIANS.

From a fe^r months to 1 year old. from danisttiat are large producers, and with strong.
Official backing on both sides. The sire Is half the herd; It is important that you ««'
the rlsht one. We have that kind, and our prices are no higher than others are asking.

LARUE ENGLISH IiEKKSHI RES. by such tires as Manor Faithful Imp., Esau Prince**
of Fllston, by Esau Imp.. Fancy Duke, a di.uhle C. son of Loyal Berks. Address

CRY iTOCK FARM,

THOS. FASSIT & SONS, Sylmar, Md.

294

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Spinach sown the last part of August
and first part of September sold in
the field in December for two hundred
dollars per acre in some cases. The
price of spinach in New York going
as high as five to seven dollars per
barrel. The cabbage crop is a light
one. Last year we had 365.000 bar-
rels. This year we doubt it's reach-
ing half that amount. All the early
green crops are going to pay well this
spring. The demand for green stuff
in Northern markets is increasing
each year.

There has been fear expressed that
the trucking business would be over-
done, but when we consider that,
measured by freight rate, this impor-
tant trucking section is not more
than twenty five miles from ten mil-
lion consumers, at the North and East,
we see that there is but little danger
of over-production.

We may remark, in passing, that,
owing principally to the warm mild
and genial influences of the "Gulf
Stream." this important tracking sec-
tion, while only twenty-five miles
from New York, measured by freight
rates, is fully one thousand miles
south of New York measured climati-
cally. Thus we see the climatic ad-
vantages and the commercial advan-
tages of this seaport section of the
Sunny South.

These facts, together with many
others, insure for this great trucking
section both a permanent and rapid
development. A. Jettebs.

yorfolk, Va.

Local agencies and complete repair stocts everywhere

DEERING

HARVESTERS

Internationa! Harvester Co. of America. Chicago, t". S. A.

THE MIETZ & WEISS KEROSENE
ENGINE.

Among the numerous Kerosene En-
gines on the market, few have the
claim for as many strong points as
■■: Weiss 2-Cylinder Marine En-
gine, advertised in this issue by Mr.
A. Mieta, 128 Mott St.. New York City.
This engine was minutely described
in a recent issue of the "Iron Age"
and a most flattering mention made
of it. As this engine is especially
adapted for farm work, such as saw-
ing, separating cream, shelling corn,
cleaning wheat and grain, etc.. our
readers are natura.ly interested in it.
We. therefore, ask them to look up
the advertisement and send for cata-
logue and prices, stating about what
horse power they probably need.

WHY SHE HAD NO MONEY.

A young man of Montana went to
church with his best girl. Both were
quite honest and modest. When the
collection was being taken up the
young man explored his pockets and
whispered to the young lady: "I
haven't a cent. I changed my pants."
In the meantime the young lady had
been searching in her pockets and,
finding nothing, blushed a rosy red as
-he stammered: "I'm in the same pre-
'irament." — Ophir (Col.) Mail.

MEAT AND EGGS

DO YOU WANT THEH NEXT WINTER AND SPRItSO?

Then why not get eggs from probably the largest egg and broiler plant in the state.
Mv stock is thoroughbred

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

bred to lay. The broilers of this breed are given a strona preference on the Rich-
mond market. Eggs $1.00 per 15; S2.00 per 40; $4 00 per 100.

— H. C. WARD,

East Richmond P. O.
R. F. D. No. 3, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rocks A

...EGGS FOR HATCHING...

Our yards are noted for the size, vigor and health of tl-eV'rds. They are big fellows, prize winners
and heavy layers. Our matings for this season are especially fine, and, if you want ribbon

■ you to order eggs from us. Cozy Nook Farm is one of the most perfectly equipped

America. Headed by birds scoring 02 1-2 to 04 1-2. We cull our eggs closely.

I rive yon f.r.e, study chicks. Price, £2.00 rcr setting of 15 packed in our special baskets.

=d dialogue-free. poPE & POPE, LOUISVILLE, KY.

■- . JL ."■-■-'.■- ■ i. ■:-■'■■". - .- , ■ ■■-.._.' . .--

S. C. WHI1E LEGHORNS

Of fine quality, 'ireat laying strain. Prices very reasonable. Satisfaction-guaranteed. Write
fur (Tires r*inre buylne elsew here. C. Q. .1. FINK. «. F. O. 2. Pichmond Va

OCKER CHURN

*a the brit'rr frn the cream down to the one
thonsand-h part. H-ide of tasteless wood and the churning process is
entirely the result of I'sovo motion— no machinery inside or out to
get out of order or require

Its Special Advantages

are: l— ^impIicirT. *_ Lea:-t FrlttJoa 8— Gravity does the churning!

aoratety no adju-tir.enta. always ready.

5— Nothing but the chnrn bor to clean, easilr accessible 6 Violent

' .ream without paddles or richer*. T— GfWl the 0- est

■ f butter of any churn on the mark t. WE PAY THE FREICHT.

money back II not satisfied. I

Churn Mfg. Company, Forsyth, Georgia,

1904.^

THE SOUTLTETCN PLANTER

295

!»

Compare a Studebaker Farm Wa^on with anv oth?r, point by point — wood stock and
ironing; wheels, spokes, hubs, tire and felloe; axles and skeins; boxes, gears, bolsters,
paint — everything — and you will understand why the Studebaker is sold in excess of any
Other make in the world. The simple truth is,

The Studebaker is the Best

farm i

aron ever built. We have been hammering away at farm wagons for fifty years, and we know what
counts for long life and good service. We have the rick of the best lumber sawn in America; we keep 55.000.000
feet of it drying in cur yards: we have a larger andbetter equipped factory and we have more patented, special
features than anv other manufacturer. That's why more Studebakers are sold than of any other make; that's
why every Studebaker customer is a satisfied customer. The same thing is true of Studebaker Carriages and
Harness. They are made to last a life time. Scld only by regular dealers. Send to us for Free Booklet No. 66

STUDEBAKER BROS. MFG. CO.. SOUTH BEND, IND.

All Studebaker goods carried at each of the following repositories :
NEW YORK CITY: Broadwav ai"I 7th Ave. at 48th St. SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH: 1ST 159 StateSt.

CHICAGO. ILL.: 3 J-8S Wabash Avenue. DENVER. COI. . Or. Kith and Blake Sis.

KANSAS CITY. MO : Cor. Hickorv and 13'h St. DALLAS. T!-\.A^: S17andS<9 I;Im St.

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.. Cor. Market i- 10th Sts. PORTLAND, ORE.: 3:1033! r_. Morrison St.

Local Agencies Wanted Everywhere. Factory and Executive Office: South Bend, Iod.

When you go to -the World's Fair, Si. Louis. looK tip our exhibit in Transportation Htdg. and shake hands. *H&

WHAT A BERKS CO., PA., FARMER
MAKES ON A 15-ACRE FARM.

Hereford, Pa., March 5.

There has been an opinion afloat
among many leading farmers that to
make farming pay a farmer needed at
least a 100-acre tract and a fine herd
of milk cows, and that ' the small
tracts of land, which average from
ten to twenty acres, were useless,
being too expensive to cultivate with
profitable results.

E. H. Hertzog, of Sehoeneck, says
such an idea is erroneous in every
respect, and by proper management
and systematic bookkeeping any
small farm can be conducted to bring
forth the most profitable results.

Mr. Hertzog is one of the State's
younger farmers, and by his practical
business methods he has shown that
on his fifteen-acre farm he raised the
following berries, vegetables, etc.,
during 1903:

941 boxes raspberries, at 10 cents
per quart.

680 boxes of blackberries, at 7 cents
per box.

100 boxes huckleberries, at 10 cents
a box.

75 boxes gooseberries, at 5 cents a
box.

25 boxes currants, at 7 cents a box.

300 bunches onions, at 3 cents a
bunch.

40 bushels onions, at 80 cents a
bushel.

Vi bushels onion sets, at $3 per
bushel.

4 bushels green peas, at 75 cents a
bushel.

800 bunches radishes, at 2J cents a
bunch.

8 baskets peaches, at $1.50 per
basket.

New Steel Roofm§§ ami SMmg

Complete with nails aad painted red on both tides at

$2,@Q Per tQO Square Feet*

I Most durable and economical roof covering m:ule for houses, stores, barns, sheds, cribs.
rjor.ltry houses, etc., and a hundred other put-noses for inside or outside use; cheaper and
will last longer than any other covering. Sheets are 6 and 8 reel long.

We Pay the Freight

I to all points east of Colorado. This moling a t Si.oo per square is crar No. 10 ■-■rade, semi-hardened. Very easy
... -. ._ ... . i . ;.. t.,„* ., .~dt -y-

Ju-rade. semi-hardened. V
I to lay": requires no experience; hatchet or hammei the only tool needed Cornea in Flat. Corrue
"riniped. Brick 81dlnB and Headed C'lllngor Siding. Priet son ;i pnluvi n Send US your order I ..n.uy

imhirci miner, .Is a d supplies "f all kinds. We hnv at nherlHV

CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO., 35th and Iron Sts., Chicago

SIlffFSS ^Manure Spreader

^P %J WLW tu^^_ _^**<35>r^& Leads every other machine for

apron automat! a lyiehinistopasltfoninthen«c65feetdrfvi
A SPECIAL FEATURED MACHINE

if»..nd perfection ot work. NntaMv superior in i.s '
ttoasni Autom.it k- 1;. turn of Apron, Positive ami
-im.leastchancefnri'reaicairp. T ie dr. ver never
trolsevervthin-r tiom li is sent. Blade i n. I ur sizes ad sold nuder sir >nee»tB
eblp and duty. Investigate fully before bu i log. Catalogue wt-U valuable eh j

KEMP ci BURPEE MANUFACTURING CO. DOX

Leads every other machine for
the mechanical spreading of
manure. Its superiority ap-
pears in the fact that it is a dis-
tinct improvement on the Kemp
Spreader, which we still manu-
facture and which has been the typi-
cal Spreader 1 ,r 25 years. Spreads
all manures of every character and
ercial fertil-
any desired quantity per acre, unloading llie

farm icrtilizint? nmiieilfre*

SYRACUSE. N. V

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

Ifsi, list it with us. No sale, do charge.

Largest list of farms fir sale in Virginia.

Write for b'ree Catalogue.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., unci Richmond, Virginia.

296

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

4 bushels plums, at $2 a bushel.

60 bushels apples, at 25 cents a
bushel.

1000 pickles, at $4.

400 dozen roasting ear corn, at 10
cents a dozen.

2 tons sweet corn, at $12 per ton.

Fox, chicken and Concord grapes,
at $4.50.

10 bushels persimmons, at 5 cents a
box.

40 bushels tomatoes, at 60 cents a
bushel.

40 bushels soup and other beans, at
$2 a bushel.

15 bushels artichokes, at 75 cents a
bushel.

Tobacco, worth $40.

125 bushels sweet potatoes, at 75
cents a bushel.

15 bushels of walnuts, at 50 cents
a bushel.

2 bushels shellbarks, at $1.75 per
bushel.

1 bushel Paragon chestnuts, at 30
cents a quart, or $9.00 a bushel.

1J bushels chestnuts, at IS cents a
quart.

5 dozen quinces, at 36 cents a dozen.
100 bushels field corn, at 60 cents a

bushel.

Hay and corn fodder to feed one
horse and three cows.

OTHER SOIKCES OF PEOF1T.

Besides, he sold some milk and
butter, and has on his farm fifty ap-
ple trees, 400 peach trees, forty plum
trees, one acre of raspberries and one-
quarter acre of strawberries.

Not only has he paid such marked
attention to the products of the soil,
but his poultry yards have also been
a special item in his ledger accounts.
He has been raising poultry for six
years, and has an incubator cellar,
14 by 17 feet, with incubator capac-
ity for 700 eggs. Nearby is a brooder
house, 62 feet long, 14 feet wide and
7 feet high, and a double-decker
chicken house. 124 feet long, 16 feet
wide and 12 feet high, with a capac-
ity for 500 hens during the coldest
weather. His ledger shows a net
profit of $53S.7S on poultry alone for
1903, while the net profits on the pro-
ducts of the soil amounted to $740.84.
being a total net profit of $1,279.60.

This proves to those advocates of
large tracts what can be done on a
fifteen-acre tract by a man of push
and who knows how to conservatively
manage such a tract.

Hertzog says he does not spend all
his time on this farm, but has leisure
moments to read the daily papers,
agricultural journals and magazines.

TRADE-MARK.

4

HOG BOOK FREE!

The point* most essential to successful
hop raising, as found In UJy :'\vear- fxprrl-
riu-e u a specialist In the care ul hogs and
the treat uient o' their diseases are trrated In
a thorough and practical manner In my book,
■• HOUOLOUY." which swine experts pro-
nounce the best bnok of the klml published.
tme huu.lre.1 rates, lolly IllustnUed FKKB
If you mention this paper when asking for It.

CASH FOR TALL HOGS THAT DIE

When niT remeilr is led as a preventive. Write for plan. Thl* is a bona fide oiler and yon
should consider the difference between it and the "wonld-be guarantee" whereby you are
"promlsi-d" a refund of the cost of the preparation if results are not as claimed. A guarantee
that does- not put the value of the animal in your pocket, in c»se of 1< ss. is unfair lo you.

PK1CES FOR KENEDY: 2.vib. tan, (12X0: UJ.-lb. cau. $*.=*). prepaM. Packages, $2.50,
$1.25 and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS, V. S.,

Indianapolis, Ind.

^— ] DR. A. C. DANIELS^*-

©Can save you Money, save your Horse,
save your Mule or save your Cow. >j*

Home Treatment for Horses and Cattle.

Sick and Lame Horses Made Well. Weak Cows Made Strong. Better Breeders and Milkers
Book for the asking of your druggist or dealer, or send to

tm, DR. A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, MASS.

Mention the Plantek.

y-- '/:

UNION POULTRY FENCE.
The Union Fence Co. has a very in-
teresting little booklet entitled "A
Short Story for Poultry Raisers." Ail
of our readers, who are interested in
good cheap fencing should look up the
ad of Case Bros.. Colchester, Conn.
They are the Eastern agents for this
concern. Don't forget to send for the
pamphlet.

Farms Steadily Improved and Crops Doubled

is the verdict of customers who use

MAPES MANURES.

MAPES MANURES are made from Animal Bone and other
High Grade Materials and not only increase the crops, but
improve the mechanical condition and permanent
productiveness Of the soil. This is the great advantage
Animal Bone Basis Fertilizers have over those made •with Acid
Phosphate as a basis. See page 70 of Wood's Seed Book, or send
for special circular about Mapes Manures. Prices quoted on request.
T. W. WOOD & S0N5, Seedsmen, Richmond, Va.

For a fine assortment ot Apple Trees, a bargain in Plum
Trees, fine lot of extra sized Ro-e Bus.net, choice varieties, Hardy
Ornamentals, specimen shaped bushes, tpreas, \\ eigelias, Deulzias, Hy-
dranjeas, etc., — go or apply to

GEO. E. MURRELL ORCHARD & NURSERY CO.,

Seod tor our Descriptive Catalogue— IT'S FREE. Fontella, Virginia.

1804.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 297

<<<<<<<<<<<< <<.«<*.*<<Jt«X< K< <<<<<<<<<<<< t <<<<<<< < <<«* X3t3t3t3t3t3t3t3t3(3(3t3t3t3e3t3t3t3t3t3t3t3t3(3t3t:

| BILTMORE FARMS, - Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. > j* >

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, th«
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality
that wins in the show rini».

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever oflered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.,;

j* > BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. * j*

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from eur prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last t;ro seasons. If you want winners von
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best TM PORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c.

Eggs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

*• 4* Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^l ^l
^ ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^ ^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .' / / Staunton, Va,

298

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

CIE.OI OF ASPARAGUS SOOT".

You may use the less expensive
bunches of "asparagus for this and it
will be just as good.

Take one bunch of asparagus, wash
it well and tie it up. Put it in a
sauce pan of boiling water and let it
boil for three quarters of an hour, or
until the vegetable is tender. Cut off
the tops and lay them aside. Put one
quart of milk on in a double boiler
and when it has boiled add the as-
paragus which must be pressed
through a colendar. Cream one large
tablespoon of butter with two table-
spoons of flour until perfectly smooth
and add this to the soup now put in
the tops and season with pepper, salt
and a few pieces of parsley or thyme,
and serve hot with toasted bread.

ASPARAGUS ON TOAST.

Wash the asparagus well and put it
Into a pan with as much water as
will cover it well, cover it and let it
boil until tender. Take it out and
drain off the water. Toast the stale
bread to a light brown and on each
slice arrange half dozen stalks of the
asparagus. Pour over these a sauce
made of one pint of milk, two table-
spoons of flour and one large spoon of
butter. Put the butter in a pan and
let it melt, not brown, then stir in the
flour and add the milk. Let it cook
until creamy and season with pepper
and salt.

GKEEN PEA SOUP.

Boil a beef bone for two hours then
add the hulls of the peas and let them
boil for an hour, strain out the bone
and hulls and add two quarts of peas
and boil another hour. About fifteen
minutes before serving add two large
tablespoons of flour creamed in as
much butter; pepper, salt and parsley,
Serve with cold bread or toast.

BAKED SHAD.

You can tell when a shad is fresh
by turning up the gills and if they
are a bright red it is all right. Wash
it out after it has been cleaned with a
little salt water and wipe dry. Re-
turn the roe to the shad. Make the
dressing of stale bread crumbs, an
onion, a little chopped pickle, half
teaspoon of black pepper, one tea-
spoon of salt, a teaspoon of celery
seed, one hard boiled egg chopped
fine and a large spoon of butter, mix
this all well and lay it between the
roe and tie it up or sew it. Lay it ic
a well greased pan with a little flour
sprinkled on the bottom and with a
few pieces of nice fat bacon sprinkled
on the top of the fish. Fill the pan half
full of water and bake one hour in a
hot oven. Serve on a hot dish and
garnish with hard boiled egg and
parsley.

BOILED SHAD.

Wash the shad with salt water and
sprinkle salt, pepper and a little cay-
enne inside and sew it up in a towel.

m

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

CHAMPION

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

A Washing Machine is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Yourname on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
six different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in
grooves — our patent Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS. Richmond, Va.

TWO CROP ESSENTIALS

are cultivation and keeping down weeda.
More important than deep cultivation is
keeping the surface stirred, breaking the
crust due to rains, and allowing the lisrht,
air, moisture and warmth to penetrate
quick lv to the roots of the growing plant.
:ust these things the ideal ixnpie*
— "— -■■ mentis the

l*f E" VC^TllM E" Adjustable Weeder
ElLISIUIlL and Shallow Cultivator

t to 7 :; fe=t. Strong and steady i

g. Furnished either wi
re the famous Hal lock f
pictures from photographs of weeder

KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., 1554 N. Beaver St., York, Pa.

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS. $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public, in&ured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.
AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALflER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

299

WILKES.

NUTWOOD.

WEALTH. 29579-RECOBD 2.1U

Sire Gambetta Wilkes, 2 :19^, the leading sire of 2 :10 performers, leading sire of new standard per-
formers for 1902 and 1903, with total of 147 in 2 :30 list, one of the best sons of the immortal George
Wilkes, one of the founders of the American trotter.

Dam, Magnolia, by Norfolk, he by Nutwood, 2 :18f , sire of 178
and of dams of 170. The founder of one of the best families of
trotting bred horses, 2nd dam Beck Collins, dam of Choctaw, 2.30,
by Woodburn Hambletonian, 1639, 3rd dam, Rebecca (thorough-
bred), by Blucher. Wealth, 2:10, foaled 1897, is dark bay, 16
hands, weight 1,200 pounds, of beautiful shape, style and finish,
good disposition and commanding appearance. His breeding rep-
resents the cream of trotting families, he being a cross of the Wilkea
on Nutwood blood, with a strong thoroughbred foundation. His
record, 2 :10, is not his speed limit, as he has gone quarters and
even halves at a 2 minute gait. 1903 was his first season in the
stud, though he has sired a filly which trotted in 2 :25 in her 2
year old form. Wealth will transmit his speed and style to his off-
spring. Mr. Cecil, owner of Gambetta Wilkes, in a letter dated January 14, 1904, says: "Wealth, 2 :10,
is as sure to be a very great sire as we both live." Breed to him. Mares bred at $20. the season, with
usual return privilege. Mares sent me will receive best of care at $1.50 per month on grass, or if on grain
at actual cost.

S. F. CHAPMAN,

CLIFTON FARM,

GORDONSVILLE. VA.

Pftt. Mch. 16 and Nov. 9,
1897. Pat. in Canada,
Nov. 2, 1S97, and Jan. 25,
1900.

SIXTEEN PAGE
BOOKLET
MAILED
FREE.

BUG DEATH PAYS!!!

12 1-2 lb. Box $1.00; lOO lb. Keg' $7.00.
DUSTER FOR APPLYING DRY. 25 cts.

Extra yield more than pays entire cost. Prevents blight, produces
better quality. CONTAINS NO ARSENIC— KILLS THE BUGS on
potato, squash and cucumber vines.

Kills current, gooseberry and tomato worms, and all bugs that eat
the leaves of plants, trees or vines.

HORSE POWER SPRAYER $65.00 HAND SPRAYER $15.0<

FOR APPLYING IN WATER.

DanfortK CHemical Co.,

Manufacturers, Leominster, Mass.

PERCY L. BANKS, Manager NorfolK 3ranch,;41,Union^St., Norfolh. Va.

■HHnn^nBinHnMiiai

...Any Size Package.

STRICTLY PURE PARIS GREEN,

Old Reliable Paris Green Mixture for Potato Bugs and Tobacco Worms. 85 cts. per
1001b. bag, $1. 5U per 2001b. bag. Special price for larger quantities. :: :: "

Sprayers and Dusters for Applying Poisons Dry or in Water.

Drop us a card for fUll particulars, and let us book your order so as to save
delay in making shipments when you need the goods.

££-„^5.RE^!^„c& Mtmm iv lor. lie, isier. m Dei, mm. fit.

300

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

[April,

Put some strips of wood in the bottom
•f the pan and lay the flsh on and cov-
er with water. Let it boil steadily for
an hour. Take off the cloth and serve
on a hot dish with egg sauce. A lit-
tle highly seasoned dressing in the
shad is an improvement.
EOO SAL* ci.
Melt a large spoon of butter and
blend with it two tablespoons of flour
Add a pint of Btock or milk and let it
thicken. To this add six hard boiled
eggs chopped fine and seasoned with
pepper, sail, parsley and thyme. Save
some of the rings of the white of the
eggs to lay over the flsh with slices
of lemon as a garnish.

SWEETBREADS.

Lay the sweetbreads in salt water
for awhile and then parboil them until
done, putting them in cold water and
let it come to the boil. Drain and
wipe dry. Split in half. Rub each
piece with melted butter, pepper and
salt and dip in beaten egg, then in
cracker crumbs, lay them in a but-
tered pan and sift more crumbs over
them and set in the stove to brown,
or else fry them in deep fat.

FBIED Bill "CTDNETS.

Plunge the kidneys in boiling water
and then cut them in thin slices, sea-
son with pepper and salt and dredge
well with flour and fry until done in
hot lard. While they are frying make
a gravy with a piece of butter the size
of an egg, a large spoon of flour and
pepper, salt, and a cup of water. Boil
and take the fried kidneys off the
griddle, put them in the gravy, add
tomato or walnut catsup with parsley,
thyme or sage minced and a small
piece of an onion. They should sim-
mer for a few minutes in the gravy
and then they are ready for the table.

STEWED BRAINS.

Soak the brains in salt water for an
hour and then pour over them hot
water, which will make it easy to re-
move the skin. After doing this put
them in a stewpan with water just to
cover them and let them boil twenty
minutes. Pour off the water, add one
teacup of fresh milk, salt and pepper,
butter the size of an egg creamed
light, and let them cook for ten min-
utes longer. A little vinegar added
after you put them in the dish is
pleasant to some tastes.

BRAIN AND SWEET BREAD CROQUETTES.

Take two sets of calf brains and
one set of sweetbreads. Lay the
brains in salt water for an hour, and
then pour boiling water on them and
take off the skin. Soak the sweet-
breads in warm water for thirty min-
utes and then plunge into boiling
water to make them white. Remove
the outer skin and pipes and cut into
small pieces. Cook the brains and
sweetbreads separately until they are
done enough to be mashed very fine
and let them get cold before you mix
them together. Season with butter,
pepper, salt, red pepper, a very little

The Proof o| the

Planter is the

Stand of the Crop.

FARQUHAR KEYSTONE
CORN PLANTER

Planti corn, beans, peas, etc., without cracking a grain or
mining a lOl. Will work wherever a plow will ran. Drops
seed in drills, or in bills at any distance. Distributes any
kind of fertilizer in any quantity desired, with absolute
safety 'rom injury to seed. Strong steel frame piyes light-
ness and durability. Write for new 1W4 catalogue describ-
ing this and other farm implements and machinery.
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., York, Pa.

GRINDS SNAPCORN

Corn in the ear and e.V grains, any sort of chop mixture. For

speedy and perfect work, saving feed and labor, the

all-purpose grinding mill is the

Fine

SCIENTIFIC!

viick

Made in a variety of styles. Including Power Mills, Sweep Mills,
Dill and Power Combined. The line that meets feeders' wants aud
is right In price. Dun't buy until you have seen our late catalogue.
Mailed free. Write for it to-day.

THE FOOS MFG. CO.. Springfield. Ohio.

RICHMOND ATLANTA NASHVILLE- NEW ORLEANS

No. 25 of the Planet Jr. Family.

Below on the left is a tool after the gardener's own heart. It wins the approval of every ot
cause in its many forms it suits exactly each sort of garden work. It is a Hill and Drill Planter,
Double and Single Wheel Hoe, Cultivator and Plow combined. It marks out rows, all distances
apart, drops in hills. 4, 6, 8, 12 or 24 inches apart, kills weeds, stirs the surface, or cultivates all
depths, furrows, ridges, etc. Throws earth to or from, works between or astride rows. Its
handles raise or lower to suit man or boy. Doing all kinds of garden work, its crowning virtue
is that it is so quickly chaneed from one use to another.

No. 8 Planet Jr. Horse Hoe

i practical knowledge of gardeners' needs combined with geniu:

nufactu

ul Cultivator combined, with high still steel frame and interchangeable s
Frame narrows down to 9 inches, widens to L3. Its handle adjustment, rever
pointed and round edge hoes, self polishing standards, patent depth regula-
' atures whi. h put it Levond comparison with any otherho;
These are but two of the forty Planet Jr. tools which i.i
lude Seeders, Wheel Hoes, Walking and Rii
:c. 1JJ4 catalogue shows over 1U0 illustration
beautiful halftones of farm and garden Seen

and foreign lands. Ask for It. MalUd Iroo.
S.I. AIIEN&CO.,
Box 1107-X
Philadelphia, Fa.

t«jtjtj«j{jtjtjC.<.<jtjtjtjt<jtj<.<<j««)C<< **JiXX*X*S******* *3t**********3

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
of SPECTACLES and EYEGLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
Glasses by mail our specialty.

" is also complete with CAMERAS, KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

I PHOTO DrPARTMEN

I.

^ Our line of OPERA QALSSES, FIELD OLASSES, Incubator and Dairy
w THERMOMETERS, etc., etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases.

1 IK S. 61LE3K1 OPIIGIl til 1 i Mi SIS . ~~

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

301

The SPLIT

HICKORY

I ■ of Top Buggies, Driv-

lIP ing Wagons, Rtina-
Oalsllv bouts, Phaetons,
Carriages, Spring Wagons
& Carts comprise the latest and
best in Workmanship and Quality.

A Split Hickory name plate on your rehiole,
means that you have absolutely the best made.

Split

Hickory

Winner

Buggy

Split Hickory
special $

Top Buggy

NO. 4845— Thiols the best baggy In
■trength, neatness and comfort. It h
eurpasses competition and has more special high
grade and up-to-date featui

nuygy has long dii

Hickory wheels, good, first-class leather quarter top, ii
fact, is complete in every respect and an excellent velu
for the money. It is sold on 80 Days Fr.e Trial end
guaranteed to be the equal of buggies that retail for f

A Few of the Many
SPECIAL FEATURES

screwed rims, round edge steel
axles; cemented axle beds; oil-

top, made absolutely water-proof; reinforced back

of paint, with oil and lead foun

wood wnrk carried one hundred days in pure oil. Option la

given of any color of gear. Body can be plain or fancy

ped. Has full length velvet carpet with pai

lings; shafts have heel braces,

" 36 -inch point

leathers.with round leathers

at singletree and at hold'

ordering our SPLIT

Hickory Special, ithas

100 Points of Merit

nv. 4083— This is a handsome, rooc
substantial surrey, the seats are wide s
hfgh and conifortahle, it is equipped
ting shaft couplings,

n for table
1 roomy, back
rith long dist

s leather douhle fenders, seat sides are padded, full
length water proof tup and complete in every detail . Full
description given in catalog, with, many options as to finish.

The

Ohio Carriage Mfg. Go.

(H. C. PHELPS, President)

5310 Sixth Street. Cincinnati, Ohio.

No. 40SS— This is a very popular style. '
tho very lest grade of solid rulit-er tiros,
open head springs, padded dash, qnicl
couplings double [.raced shafts and ever>
It is i>ur leader in driving wagons and tli
tho market for the money. Full descriptir

of this last, and the yolk of three hard
boiled eggs powdered, mould them
with the hands into round or cuui-
shaped pieces and dip them into
beaten eggs, then into fine cracker
crumbs. You can buy the cracker dust
already prepared. Fry them in boil-
ing lard deep enough to cover. Only
let them stay in the fat long enough
to take a light brown. Lay them on
butchers paper to absorb the grease.
Keep in a hot place and serve hot.
Caraven.

Mention The Southern Planter
when corresponding with advertisers.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

fOF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
Capital Stock, ... $200,000.00

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445.75

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth

of Virginia.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this

Bank offers superior facilities for direct and quick collections.

JNO. P.BRANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLENN

President. Vice-PreBldent. Caihler

302

THE 80UTHEKN PLANTER.

[April,

CROSSING OF APPLES.

World's Fair Shows New Varieties
Produced by Scientific Hybridiza-
tion.

St. Louis, Mo.- — Apples of every color
in the spectrum, painted mysterious-
ly by the hidden processes of nature,
are brought from every State in the
Union for the greatest display of this
frnit ever dreamed of in the history
of universal expositions. It is ar-
ranged artistically on apple-gr«en
plaques of uniform design in the
great Horticultural Palace of the
World'* Fair of 1904. Practically
every State in the Union had the
choicest selections from apple crops
placed im cold storage, ready to be
removed at a moment's notice In re-
frigerator cars and installed in the
Horticultural Hall for the opening of
the fair.

The artistic installation of the ap-
ple exhibits has a striking feature
never before carried out at any expo-
sition, in that all exhibitors are com-
pelled to use plaques of the same
color and design. Thus a harmonious
effect is produced and the eye of the
visitor is not siartieu by incongruous
combinations of colored ofaina and
wooden plaques.

The official plaque adopted by Chief
Taylor is an artistic example of the
modern art of the potter. The center
is white, bearing the exposition mono-
gram, L. P. E., in appie green color,
and the outer portion of the top is a
broad band of apple green, with the
perimeter gilt-edged.

Pomologists of the United States
have written volumes on the hybridi-
zation, or crossing, of apples in order
to produce new varieties of commer-
cial value suited for growth in the
climatic and other physiographic con-
ditions of this and that section of the
country. An apple that is grown suc-
cessfully in Missouri might not be
the most profitable in the Upper Pe-
ninsula of Michigan, and the apple
from the rockbound coast of the New
England States would not thrive,
perhaps, on the coast of California.
Science has done much for the apple
grower in this respect, and the great
World's Fair apple display posesses
untold scientific value and education-
al worth in exploiting all the many
successful varieties that have been
produced by modern hybridization in
all parts of the Union. This feature
is to be prominently seen in a ma-
jority of the State exhibits, and for
the first time in the history of ex-
positions the farmer and the com-
mercial apple grower will have the op-
portunity of seeing complete displays
of all apples successfully produced by
crossing.

Hybridization is a charming em-
ployment for the apple grower, be-
cause here man uses his art and skill
in attempting to control some of the
most exquisite workings of nature.
Scientific crossing is done by using
a camel's hair brush to take the

....Vegetable Plants....

Book your order now for

Lettuce, Celery, Egg Plants, Tomato and Pepper Plants.

Prices and Varieties on '-Application. "
E. PARKE LINDSAY, Portsmouth, Va

£ S<HKHKH>{HXH}<H><HXHttH*tt^

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

WX ARI GROWERS AND OFFER A FINK ASSORTMENT OF

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cberries, Plants, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Grapevines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Currants,
Strawberries, Horse-Badif.h, Asparagus, Dewberries aid
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and Hedge Plants.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.80 per IB.
Aleo a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each fer Immediate de-
li » W*~7- V* » *M Mi 04MJMw£u6 ta

J B. WATKINS & BRO., HalUboro, Va.

Five Crops ©l Yeocr.

This is possible only vrith the wonderf ulTarkestaB Alfalfa of which we have the only stock
of seed in this country. The U. S. Government tested it
thoroughly and report that it is hardier than ordinary al-
falfa: stands both drouth and lreezins better; sprouts
and starts -rowing quicker; having more leaves, makes
heavier yield ; eives better results in alkali soilsand that
it lasts longer without reseedia;.

It is undoubtedly the most valuable plant ever intro-
duced for the semi-arid and irrigated sections and will
rrove of valu" anywhere. Every farmer should try a few
acres at least, this spring. It will outyield in both pastur-
age and hay, anythingyou j
can possibly sow. JP J&SJ V X,: <Vw"H
for Free Hlsa- .ff*2»A^*»HM

L'-a^r I kRm trated Seed Cataleptic. r » J

rstaekiag Alfalfa. CUBR1E BROS. CO., Box 43* Milwaukee, Wig.

established ia 1866.

300 Acres Under Cultivation.

W. T. HOOD & CO.,

Old Dominion Nurseries, Richmond, va.

OFFICE: CHAMBERLAYNE and RENNIE AVENUES.
Take Lakeside Car First and Bread St*. PHONE No. 2155:

Nurseries. Brooli Road Half Mile from City, and Hanover Co.

^ High Grade Nursery Stock,

Wholesale and Retail Growers

Shade Trees, Lawn Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Etc.
FRUIT TREES.

All the Standard and New Varieties. We hare experienced men to plant trees and lay out sronndi
when desired. Shade Trees a Specialty. Catalogues flailed on Application.
AGENTS WANTED, Write for Terms. Liberal Commissions. (Mention this Paper.)

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

30J

pollen from the blossom of one variety
of apple and impregnating the pistil
of the flower of another variety. The
fruit formed from this blossom is a
cross of the two varieties. The seed
of this is planted. Sometimes the
grower, in this way, hits upon a fine
apple, but there are a thousand fail-
ures to one success.

The great State of Minnesota, which
has made wonderful success in scien-
tific hybridization, gives the world the
benefit of her knowledge by showing a
large number of seedlings that have
proved commercially profitable In her
cold climate.

Iowa, South Dakota and Wlsconstm
show some fine specimens of seedlings
that have been hit upon after years
of patient work in scientific crossing.
For instance, Patent's Greening is a
fine specimen from Iowa.

Aside from the seedlings the great
apple exhibit shows all the well known
standard varieties, and the Ben Davis
from Indiana runs a close race with
the Ben Davis from Missouri for pop-
ularity, and the delicious Albemarle
Pippin from Old Virginia will not be
forgotten alongside the Newton Pippin
from California.

Colorado is represented by a mag-
nificent display of all standard varie-
ties of apples that grow to such as-
tonishing perfection in the irrigated
sections of that State. Missouri,
known the world over for her fine
red apples, has a fine display of stan-
dard varieties. Indiana has sent an
exhibit to prove that Hoosierdom is
one of the greatest producers of all
kinds of apples, from the beautiful
Maiden's Blush to the Winesaps and
Ben Davis. Michigan is well repre-
sented, and her Northern Spy variety
is especially exploited. New York
makes one of the largest apple dis-
plays ever made by a single State at
any exposition, and her noted Bald-
wins will perhaps land several blue
ribbons. Arkansas displays her well
known specimens of Gano, Ben Davis,
Mammoth Black Twig and Winesaps,
and little Rhode Island has a display
the star feature of which is her far-
famed Greenings.

The farmer and owner of commer-
cial orchards can obtain a liberal edu-
cation in apple culture at the World's
Fair. He can gain pointers as to the
best methods of marketing apples, and
of utilizing rough land for orchard
purposes, and of securing clear-
skinned fruit, and can see all the man-
ifold advantage of applying the princi-
ples of modern pomology to commer-
cial fruit culture and furthermore, he
can gain information as to the best
means of protecting his orchards from
the ravages of bugs and insects, for
the latest discoveries made by etomol-
ogists in this line will be fully ex-
plained in lectures given by competent
scientific investigators.

Mention The Southern Plants*
when corresponding with advertisers.

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin" in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofina Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. % V

Fill in the Dimensions In the diagram showing the kind of roof you wish to coyer. Mall It to ns
and we will quote you pric» at your DKroT. on a sufficient quantity of whatever kind of roofing
you desire.

Ws also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
— Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

'Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

I «:<:<*««;< :«:<*;«:«:««:<*<.« <:« <**c«^****x«;*<«s:^<:*<* <«***«.*, l

DO YOUR TRADING

FINE GOLD?AND*DIAMO*D JEWELRY.]
STEELING; SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS"

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS. $3 30.
many articles on which we can save you money.

Write for our catalogue; It contains »j

C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established I835, 73I East Main Street, Richmond, Va. 3

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

SOUTHEBN PLANTEB.

304

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

THE "IRON AGE" PIVOT WHEEL
RIDING CULTIVATOR.

We give herewith a brief descrip-
tion of one of the latest members
of the "Iron Age" family of farm
tools. This tool is fashioned some-
what as others made by this company,
but has a number of improvements.
The pivot wheels are decided improve-
ments that are specially desirable
where one has occasion to work the
cultivator on a hillside or desires to
economize space at the end of rows.
The wheels are easily fixed in posi-
tion by simply dropping a pin in a
hole. The whole weight of the tool
rests upon hardened steel balls and as
the pivots are very close to the centre
of the wheel, the cultivator can be
easily guided.

The Gang Adjusting Lever is an-
other desirable feature of this ma-
chine. The gang can be moved close
together or further apart, so as to
change to cultivate young or more
matured crops simply by the move-
ment of the gang adjusting lever,
which is at the right of the operator
just in correct position to easily han-
dle. We have not space here to give
a fuller description of this tool, but
suggest that those interested refer to
to the ad of the Bateman Mfg. Co.
and send for their latest catalogue,
which describes it and all the rest of
their tools completely.

It is not uncommon to meet people
who are always well shaven, but al-
ways have sore faces. In most cases
the cause is in the soap used. Poor
shaving soaps, common toilet and even
ordinary laundry soaps are used.
Nothing but sore faces are to be ex-
pected. The practice is worse than
unclean — it is positively dangerous.
When the very best shaving soaps,
such as Williams', are to be had for so
little money, there is absolutely no ex-
cuse for using unfit articles. If such
people would send for the free sample
of Williams' soap mentioned in the
advertisement elsewhere, they would
never go back to common soaps.

ANGUS CATTLE vs. ALL OTHER
BEEF BREEDS.

This is the title of a very interest-
ing folder gotten up by Messrs. H. P.
Coleman & Sons, who are regular ad-
vertisers in this paper. This firm will
be very pleased to mail all interested
parties a copy. It gives all the strong
points of this celebrated beef breed.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

JOHNSTON

Continental"
..Disk Cultivator.

-roR-

Corn, Cotton, Tobacco
Culture.

SAVES HALF THE
LABOR.

ASK FOR

Special DooKlet and

General Catalog

...of...

Binders, Mowers, Rakes, Tedders and Harrows,

__ THE JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO.,

Box C-S. P. EBATAVIA, N.SY.

The Watt Plow Co., General Agents, Richmond, Va.

GENUINE OUVER CHILLED
STEEL BEAM

ND REPAIRS.

^^gygjijig^u^g^

PLOWS

This far-famed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you Is worthy of all that
Is said In praise of It. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season Is at hand.
PRODUCTS higher
ever. Our prices low.
for Free Catalogue.

HEN

than

Write

UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED

'THE MASTER WORKMAN"

vo-cylinder gasoline engine: superior to all one-cylinder engines. Costs less to buy and Ipss to run. Quicker and easier started. Has a wider
sphere of usefulness. Has no vibration; can be mounted on anv light wagon as a portable. Weighs less than half of one-cylinder engines. Give size
of engine required. Plzes IX, 2, 2%, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 15 horse power. Mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Meagher
and 15th Sts., CHICAGO.

DON'T BUY-GASOLINE ENGINES

1904.]

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

305

A. C. SINTON. President.

R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President.

J. J. SUTION, Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sts., Richmond, Va.

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and

INCORPORATED IBM.

PEERLESS ENCINB.

BUCKEYE COMBINED MILL AND POWER.

RODERICK LEAN LAND ROLLER.

Harness. <£ ^ <& <£

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dlxlo
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The
Hancock Rotnry Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cyclone
Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, Daln Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well
known Mlnnlch Hand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Sbellers. for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock.
Several good second-hand Engines and other
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, el?ctrlcally welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Calvanl/.ed Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.

John Deere and Continental Disc Cultiva-
tors, Corn Planters, etc. A full lino of Planet
Jr., Garden Tools. Your correspondence Is
solicited. We will mail copy of our new
catalogue upon application.

OEISER SAW MILL.

ALL STYLES OFBUGGIES.

f ' ( ' j ' I \

SPIKE HARROW.

EXTENSION TOP SURREY.

WEBER WAGONS.

FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW.

With and Without Fertilizer Attachment

The Spnngler Planter has a side gear which
Is convenient and practical. The quantity of
corn to be dropped can be regulated Instantly
without changing the quantity of the fertil-
izer sown, or the quantity of the fertiliser
can be changed without afTectlng the corn
dropping, and either can be discontinued In
an Instant and not sow at all.

Hooslor Single and Double Row Planter,
made entirely of steel, except bandies— a very
durnLIe machine— Black Hawk, and Job*
Deere single and double row planters.

306

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

DAN REILLY'S TEMPER.

A man has rights in these free
United States of America — oceans of
rights, if he but knows them — and he
is a poor fellow who does not have
most of them trampled upon these
days. Whatever does an Irishman
come all the way across the water for,
and swear to uphold the constitution
and by-laws of the United States for,
if, by all the saints, he is going to let
every one walk all over him and his
rights? No wonder a man gets mad
now and again. Looking at it fairly,
Dan Reilly seemed to have more rights
and more people stepping on them
than any other man in the city. And
a grand temper the little man pro-
duced out of the wrangle.

Hard on him was it to have the
neighbors he had, too. It would throw
any man in a temper to have neigh-
bors who would never get a temper,
and that was the trouble with Van
Dusen, to the left of Reilly. and Urn-
holt, to his right. What are neighbors
for if they can't get in a sociable
quarrel now and again?

There was Umholt, the tailor, now,
He sat cross-leged on his long table
at the window of his cottage, pulling
his thread before his weak eyes all
day, with never a smell of excite-
ment, and yet in the tail of the day,
when he came into his garden, never
a quarrel would he have, or a hot
word, or a fierce look. It was un-
neighborly.

"01 do be thinkin' thim Dutch hev
no blood in thim at all," said Dan to
his wife, one morning after his pig
had spent a voracious night in the
Umholt garden. "Niver a worrud did
ould Umholt say whin he druv the pig
home, an' half his cabbages gawn. Uf
his pig ate up my cabbages Oi 'd l'ave
him hev a bit av me moind, now, Oi
w'u'd. Phwat roight has a man to be
l'avln' his pigs go roamin' around de-
vourln' up people's green truck, Oi 'd
lolke f know? Bliss his sowl, Oi '11
show him! The idee! Is ut t' fat his
pig Oi do be workin' me arms aff all
the spring? Oi '11 hev the law on him,
Oi will!"

He brought his fist down on the
table with a crash that made the dishes
rattle. Mrs. Reilly settled her two
hundred and odd pounds comfortably
back in her chair and folded her arms.
She bad grown fat and cheerful on
forty years of Dan Reilly's temper.

"Talk sinse, Dan Reilly," she said.
"No pig aloive c'u'd git out av Urn-
holt's sty, an' ye know ut. Ut 's yer-
eilf might better be patchin' up yer
own sty to kape the pig insoide, than
to be bllssin' ould Umholt, the poor
droied-up felly. Ut 's a good man he
is, uf he do be Dutch, an' ut 's him
moight betther be blissin' ye an' yer
pig. Wan w'u'd think 't was his pip:
got intil yer cabbages, to hear ye go
on."

Dan shook his fist.

"Oi 'd lolke to see his pig In me lot.
01 w'u'd!" he cried. "An' 01 'd lolke

SPRAY NOW

and save your fruit and
vegetables. Catalogue
and Spraying Calendar
giving formulas, free
for the asking.

Our Pumps used by Vir-
ginia and North Carolina
Agricultural Departments

Pumps, Wind Mills,
Rams, Fencing, Gasoline
Engines, etc.

Sydnor Pump and Well Co., Inc.,

BOX 94-9,

RICHMOND, VA.

Jt THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS
PROFITABLE
INVESTMENTS
TO.

THE MANUFACTURER,
THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
THE TRUCKtR.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and wher«
large profits can be realized Interest you?

The SEAHOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern State* and •
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrate*
literature descripUve of the secUon.

J. B. WHITE,
Gen. Industrial Ajt., Portsmouth, Va.

EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Traffio Mjr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi

THE YORK Improved Weeder

rjof. Our tqnare teeth do Dot break The frame la
e angle »teel and handles and abafu are adjustable.
Tbe Pt.ao*lrr Oo-n Plainer* and Grain Drills are th
SPANGLER MFG. CO.. 501 QueeafiU, To

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention th«
Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHED PLANTER

,307

Perfected Implements for Spring Work,

To get the best result") prepare your
land with the WATT. CROWN or
CRESCENT PLOW, ms.de In sixteen
sizes and adapted to every variety of
work In all UInd3 of soil. Guaranteed
to be the best general purpose plows
made and sold subject to approval by
trial.

_ OUn ROAD PLOWS will enter hard
ground when no other will.

DISC HARROWS with or without
solid steel weight boxes. Most dura-
hie bearing with oil reservoir direct-
ly over axle free from dust and clog-
ging. Anti Friction Rollers. Adjust-
able Seats. Easy to handle. Light In
draft.

ALL STEEL LEVER HARROWS
made up of sections of 25 teeth each.
Instantly adjusted straight or slanting
by lever.

THE EMPIRE CORN PLANTER
with or without fertlli2er attachment
The Lightest Planter Made. Plants
any quantity and distance accurately.

DOUBLE ROW PLANTER with or
without Check Rower, Drill and Fer-
tilber attachments. Adjustable in
width, distance of drop and quantity.

DISC CULTIVATORS and HAR-
ROW combined. Made of steel and
malleable iron. Light Draft, Great
Strength, High Steel Arch, Steel Axle',
Steel Wheels, adjustable in width.
Discs adjustable in depth and at any
angle.

WALKING AND RIDING CULTI-
VATORS with four, six or eight shov-
els and spring teeth.

FARM WAGONS built of air-dried
timber and all material the best that
can be procured.

IRON AGE PATTERN CULTIVA-
TORS and HARROWS, MALTA DOU-

IMPERIAL ONE HORSE WAGON. BLE SHOVEL PLOWS. THE NEW MOLIKK.

WEEDERS, FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTORS, FIELD ROLLERS with solid Steel Heads, BALING PRESSES for Hand or
Power, GRAIN DRILLS, FEED CUTTERS, PEA HULLERS, THRESHERS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, GRINDING
MILLS, &C., &C. Write for Prices.

13 So. Fifteenth Street,
Between Main and Cary,

Established by
GEO. WATT, 1840.

THE CALL- WATT CO.,

MANFRED CALL, Gen'l Manager.

RICHMOND, VA.

308

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[April,

to Bee him hev worruds wid me becase
me pip: made free to break out av the
sty! Sue me, w'u'd he? Jist let him
thry ut, the ould, droied-up tallorman.
01 '11 show him an Irishman has as
good a rolght to kape a pig as a Dutch-
man has!"

He shook his flst savagely. He was
so angry he could not hold his hand
steadv enough to light his pipe.

"Him!" he cried. "Him! Oi '11 show
him ylt. Oi will, the tame ould burrud
that he is! 01 hev me rolghts!"

He crushed his soft hat upon his
head and went out on the porch, where
he sat on a step and glared at the In-
offensive tailor, who was sewing away
In his open window.

CLOVER FOR HENS.

I have fed a good deal of clover to
hens this winter with excellent re
suits. I never fed so much before
and never gathered so many eges
The clover was obtained from the
barn floor and especially from the
mows where the hav Is pitched u*>
and down again when fed. This I?
better finality than that lying around
the feeding rooms. I was surprised
to find so much and such good duality,
as only the broken off heads and
leaves are used.

The clover was prepared by either
fll'Ing a large kettle, pouring on some
cold wnter and allowing to come to a
boll while tightlv covered, or it was
scalded with boillne water In large
wooden pails. It can be fed alone or
mixed with ground grain, bran, mid-
dlings and meit meal. I found the
hens ate It Just as well when fed
alone. In fact. I used less ground
grain, bran etc.. than ever before. —
J. B. Lisk in American Agriculturist.

FARMS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA.
Any of our readers Interested In
farms in this splendid section should
write to P. B. Buell & Sons, Herndon.
Va., for their latest catalogue. This
firm Is making a specialty of handling
real estate adjacent to Washington.
Look up the ad In another column.

ESSEX PIGS.
L. G. Jones Is offering some choice
Essex pigs, three months old. He
also has for sale some Southdown and
Hampshlredown lambs. Look up his
ad.

A neat Binder for your back num-
ber* can be had for 26 cants. Address
our Business Office.

Mention The Souther:? Planter
when corresponding with advertisers.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Sealers' Profits! Prevents Adulteration ! "

HAYNER
WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

UARTSM^

3ESPASDBYUS V

■ EXPRESS CHARGES

flIIR AFFFR 'lV(3 wi" $h|P y°u' exPress Prepaid, lour full quarts of HAYNER'S
WUn Urrtn SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20. Try It and If you don't find
It all right and as good as you can get from anybody else at any price, send It back at our
expense and your $3.20 will be promptly refunded. That's fair, Isn't It? Bear In mind
this offer Is backed by a company with a capital of $500,000.00 paid In full and the
proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success. We are regularly
supplying over a quarter of a million satisfied customers, convincing evi-
dence that our whiskey pleases, and that wo do just as we say. You run
absolutely no risk In accepting our offer, for you get your money back If
you are not satisfied with the whiskey after trying it. We ship In a plain,
sealed case; no marks to show what's Inside.

Orden for Aril., C»l., Col., Idaho, Mont., N«t.,N. Mei., Oreron.r/tah, With, or
Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 qUAETS for »«.oo by EIPBE8S FEEFilD or io qUAETS

for »16.00 by FREIGHT I'KEPllD.

Every quart of whiekey we sell is made at our own distillery, and our entire

firoduct is sold direct to consumers, saving you the dealers' big profits and avoid-
ngall chance of adulteration. No matter now much you pay you cannot get any-
thing purer or better than HAYNER WHISKEY and yet it costs only 6.20 for
four full quarts and we pay the express charges. Satisfaction guaranteed or
money refunded by first mail. Distillery, Troy. Ohio. Established 1306.

J4J WBIT1 NIAIEST ornCE.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ST. LOUIS, M0,

ST, PAUL, MINN,

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FODR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT "tSSST&SF ROUTE.

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOPIO, PETER BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

309

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

BRAND

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

KELLY, 22283* Record, 2:27.
Sire of McChesney, 2:16^, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expressive 3, 2:12J; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, sec-
ond dam, Collsseum, by Colossus.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
grand size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

FEE, $25 the season.

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

GREAT STAKES, 2552 J.

Record, 2:20.

Sire of Captain. 2.1GJ; Foxhall, 2.193, etc. Bay horse,
by Billy Thornhlll. 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by Sweep Stakes,
293. Fee, $25.00 the season.

W. H. NELSON, 1428 East Franklin St., Richmond, Va.

W. J. CARTER, [' •BROAD ROCK."]

TURF JOURNALIST.

BURLING AM E 26235.

Record, 2:18'

Brown horse, by Guy Wilkes, 2:15}, dam Sable, dam of
Sable Wilkes, 2:18, etc., by The Moor, 870.
N. B. — Very fast and a great show horse.
FEE, $25.00.

LISSAK, bay horse, by Bnrlingame, dam Helice, dam of
Clarion, 2:151, by Norval, 2:112.
FEE, $15.00. Address,

SPRING GARDEN FARM,
Cool Well, P. O., Amherst Co., Va., or

ROBT. TAIT Norfolk Va.

Address P. O. Box 929, ... Richmond, Va,

Pedigrees of thoroughbred and trotting horses traced, regis-
tration matters attended to, and stallion circulars and cards
prepared.
Representing the ....

Times-Dispatch and Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

Sports of the Times New York, Kentucky Stock Farm, etc.

CHORISTER

FALSETTO-ADDIE C.

"One of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America and
a sure success as a getter of race horses." — Major Dainger-
field.

Standing \&% and weighs 1,300 lbs. He held the world's
record for a mile as a 3 vear old and is the sire of "Corrus-
cate" who holds the mile record for Canada 1.38J£. All his
get win and are racing up to 8, 9 and 11 years of age, and
won JW.COOin 1902.

Fee $M) 00 cash, approved half bred mares $20 00

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes
but no responsibility assumed for any that may occur
"— For further particulars apply to D. K. KERR, Manager
Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va.

Fine Horses and Mules for Sale. &

I am offering the best lot of mules ever seen on the
market. Write for prices or call at my stables.

J. S. WHALEY, S. P. CLAY,

Salesman. 1917 E. Fnnklln St., Richmond. Va.

310

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Tbe following Hat of piper* and periodical!
are the most popular ones In this section.
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whaterer
Journal you wish:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Tlmea-Dlspatch, Richmond. Va to 00 $5 00

The Poet. Washington, D. C ( 00 ( 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md S 00 S 40

Newi-Leader, Richmond, Va S 00 3 00

THI-WEEKLY.

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 140

Montgomery Advertiser 100 10«

Nashville American BO 75

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 35

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 1?

Heard'a Dairyman 100 135

Country Gentleman 160 175

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va.... 2 00 2 2r.

Tlmea-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 1 25

Central Presbytertas, " " 2 00 2S

Horseman 3 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75

Dairy and Creamery 60 76

Commercial Poultry 50 75

A" tbre« 1 60 116

North American Review 500 500

The Century Magazine 4 nn 42s

St. Nicholas Magazine !... 300 3 2"

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 400

Forum Magazine 3 00 3 2i

Scrlbner's Magazine 3 00 3 25

Frank Leslie's Magazine 100 1 r

Coamopolltan Magazine 1 (H) 136

Everybody's Magazine 100 1 3s

Munsey Magazine 100 135

Strand Magazine 125 1 65

McClure's Magazine 100 135

Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 1;

Review of Reviews 250 276

Blooded Stock M SO

Successful Farming 1 00

Southern Fruit Grower 60

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 60 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
■a and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rateB, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publlcatlona mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion dealred: we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periodicals.

Seed House of the South.

.1AMMOTH

CLOVER,

LUCERNE

CLOVER,

BOKHARA

CLOVER,

RANDALL

GRASS,

BUCKWHEAT.
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

*■ & £> WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA

Wm. A. Miller & Son, •*

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE
AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.
Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and

Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees,

Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens,

Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc.

Apples,
Pears,
Peach,
Plum,
Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

. . AGENTS WANTED.
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO.,

Baltimore, Md.

« »

::

^^^^L^^„^g^^^^jL^^^^,.|..|,^^,.|.^|..|t.|M|M|..|^^ .j .

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

311

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, mc

WHOLESALE

TELEPHONE CONNECTION.

1andsrel?a.l Grocers, Feed and Liquor Dealers,

1724 E. MAIN STREET, RICHMOND, VA.

* * * * *

Best Timothy Hay, per ton $19.50

Best Clover Hay, per ton 17.50

Good Corn, per bushel COc.

Good Oats, per bushel 50c.

Best Meal, per peck, 18c; or, per bushel 70c.

Ship Stuff, per- ton .$25.00

Bran, per ton 24.00

Pride of Richmond Flour, per barrel 5.65

Daisy Flour, per barrel 5.50

Pure Lard, per pound 10c.

New Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c.

New Lake Herrings, per pound 5c.

Best Salt Pork, per pound 10c.

Good Salt Pork, per pound 9c.

Choice Salt Pork, per pound Sc.

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can 12c.

Large Cans Table Tomatoes, per can 7c.

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Plum, Apple, and Reynolds Sun

Cured Tobaccos, for 25c.

Old Crown Rye, per gallon ? 3.00

Old Keystone Rye, per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye, per gallon 2.00

Old Capital Rye, per gallon 1.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c.

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

Clover Seed, per bushel 7.25

Orchard Grass Seed, per bushel 1.75

Timothy Seed, per bushel 1.75 '

Winter Seed Oats, per bushel 75c.

Coarse Meal, per ton 24.00

Chop Feed, per ton 22.00

Cotton Seed Hulls, per ton 15.00

Early Rose Seed Potatoes, per bushel 1.45

Peerless Seed Potatoes, per bushel 1.45

Pearl Seed Potatoes, per bushel 1.45

Burbank Seed Potatoes, per bushel 1.45

We have a full line of seeds. Write for prices. These
prices are subject to market changes. Terms, cash in ad-
vance. Ten cents extra per gallon for jugs. Five cents
extra for sacks for seed. We have everything in the
grocery, feed, and liquor line. If you don't see what you
want, write for prices.

The "STAR"

The Corn Planter Made Es
pecially for Southern Corn and
Pea Planting.

titi

CORN

-*-«

REMEMBER-
PLAIN I tK We furnish them
= with Hoe Opener
when desired.

It does, and does well, everything ■ planter should do.

Drills or drops at any distance any number of grains. It handles corn- peas, beans

etc., equally well.
Every grain is seen as It falls to the ground.

The planters are furnished with runner openers or shovel openers.
Thousands in use all over the South, and demand increasing every year.
As of all good things there are imitations, but see that you get the GENUINE WITH OUR

NAME CAST ON THE TOP OF GRAIN HOPPER.
Don't be mislead by being told some other planter is just as good; pay more If necessary

and get a ."STAR."

ASHTON STARKE, Richmond, Virginia.

312

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL.

Only pill made that prevents Dirt and Hair from
dropping into the Milk and STRA1NSIT TWICE
while milking. Aerates and coola It.

Z Every Farmer and dairyman Shonld Have it.

(tap's Improved Manure Spreader. Three Slzci-_

All the merchants In town
who claim to sell Oliver
Chilled Plows and Repairs only sell the Imita-
tion, Bogus, Cheap Goods. The only place in
Richmond. Va., to buy Genuine Oliver Plows
and Repairs is at 1436 and 1438 E. Main Street.

Trick and Aullman and Tavlor Engines.

Saw Mills and Threshers.

Special prices given on Studebaker and

Brown Wagons, Burgles, and Carts.

Superior fjraln and Fertilizer Drills.

Hoe and Disk.

TMI WHEELS WILL NOT UFT mON THE GROUND.

CHAMrlON Mowers, Reapers, Binders, Hay

Rakes and Twine.

;>TIGER Steel and Wood Self-Dump Rakes,
GRANGER Steel and Wood Hand Dump Rakes,
all sizes.

Michigan Wheelbarrow Sower.

Three Sizes.
Cahoon Seed Sower

Tiger Disk Harrows.
£3 Plain and Lever Spring Tooth
Harrows. All Sizes.

Built entirely of steel, ftepl forcings and mal-
leable iron. The mnst tluiple and easiest ad-
justed cultivator <m 'be market to-day. Write

Genuine BROWN Walking and Riding

cultivator. All styles. Write for

ciicular and prices.

«SrX^

One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain
or with Fertilizer Attachment,

Smith'6 EUREKA Corn Planters.

FARMER'S FRIEND Plain and Fertilizer

Pla titers.

TIGER Double-Row Plain P.amers. TIGER

Double-Row Planters with 1-erillUer and

Check Kower Attachment.

Hallock Flat Tooth Weed-rs.
"Bement" Improved Implex Tooth Weeders.

Ross Ensilage Cutters, Fodder Cutters,

Fodder Shredders, Powers, all sizes.

Write for circulars and prices.

HENIN6 & NUCKOLS.

Successors to

CHAS. E. HUNTER,

1436-38 L II SI..

WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE

WHEN AN

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN
WIRE FENCE

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN
LESS COST?

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING I. made In many heights and styles for
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices.

55INrH

M

e

«* .

|L|

•

~.

3C

IU.

I

7

a —

—

to

pL

IN.

15

«

3

|LJ

i—1 .

The Thomas Disc Harrow

is made with patent self oiling boxes which exclude all dirt
from the bearings, and makes them much more desirable than
harrows with the old style boxes. Frames are all steel. Fur-
nished with 8, 10 or 12 discs and with discs 16, 18 or 20
inches in diameter.

STEEL FRAME LEVER
SMOOTHING HARROWS.

All sizes for one, two or
three horses.

S WOOD FRAME SMOOTH-
ING HARROW for one or
two horses.

THE EVANS STEEL FRAME CORN PLANTER

with hoe discs or runners, drops accurately any desired dis-
tance. Furnished with or with-
out fertilizer attachment.

EVANS TWO ROW CHECK
OR DRILL PLANTER has pos-
itire force feed, and neyer misses
a hill. Send for special catalogue
and prices.

Buggies, Carriages, Harness, Robes, Steel Skein Farm Wagons, Corn Shellers, Feed Cutters,
"Grain Drills, Wood Saws. All kinds of Agricultural Implements and machines. Catalogue
W on application.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

Ifis Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

'T'HIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in Virginia, in death claims
■*■ alone, without contest or [compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-*m —THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER. ^ *»-

T.ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

^—ii ' East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable reealt of giving OWENS 4 MINOR'8 DTXTK CON-
DITION POWDERS. It you wiah fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Oowe, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS dm
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT— Bert on earth for Man ox
Beast Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere.

^— ^— OWEN 5 * MINOR DRUG. CO., Rich mo ad, Va.

WHY PAY MORE For A Mower?

THE WALTER A WOOD Mowers, Binders, Hay Rakes, and Tedders NOT MADE
BY A TRUST. The highest type of machines made, and to be had at less price than
the ordinary machines.

Why?

Because

They pay no TRIBUTE to any-
body. The manufacturers give to
the faimer in price what other com-
panies pay to Travelling Salesmen,
Railroadl and Hotels. Their only
trust is in the merits of the mach-
ines, known as far as civilization
reaches.

Be frank, now. If you buy
any machine this year, should
you not buy a "Wood" ma-
chine ?

Send for special catalogue
and special prices.

WALTER A. WOOD MOWING amMREAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN a KLLETT, President. WM. M. HIIX, Cuabier.

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS. $240,000-
RICHMOND- - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty- Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Proprietors.

MAY, 1904.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 314

Some Thoughts on the April Planter 317

Sorghum as a Forage Crop 318

Cow Peas as a Hay Crop 319

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, page 345).. 320

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month 329

" Tomato Growing for the Canneries. 330

Cultivating and Manuring Orchards 331

Fighting Plant Diseases and Injurious Insects. 332
Combining Poultry and Fruit 332

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Sheep Dipping at Edgewood 333

Always Two Sides to a Question 334

Texas Fever 335

Hay Substitutes for Stock Feeding 335

A Few Live Stock Remedies from Practical
Stockmen .- 335

THE POULTRY YARD:

Brooding and Care of Brooder Chicks 336

Chicks Need Ash and Grit 336

THE HORSE:

Notes 337

3 ("■) irojouru

Levees and Irrigation 338

Birds and the Farmers 338

Disposal of the Bodies of Dead Animals 339

Good Roads 340

Bone Meal as a Fertilizer 340

Preserving Eggs in Water Glass 341

To Keep Insects from Meat 341

What Have Clubs and Institutes .Done For Us?. 342

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

X
X
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xx;

How is Your Wheat?

/^■Vfp /^Tn'TVr'X' Invested m a postal card and addressed to
THE CARD WELL MACHINE COM-
PANY, Richmond, Virginia, will bring you circulars regarding

Oardwell's Thresher and Gleaner

They are SIMPLE, DURABLE and EASY TO WORK.

Capacity, 200 to 1,000 bushels of wheat per day, according to size
and character of grain.

THE CARDWELL MACHINE GO.

Nineteenth and Cary Sts.,

5 RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

X
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OUR $50 "KETCHER."

This name fits this

Virginia Buggy

admirably. It is a winner
wherever used.

Right up-to-the-
minute in design,
honestly and strong-
ly built, very rea-
sonable in price.

We also build all
other styles of light
pleasure vehicles.

Write for our in-
teresting catalog.

Having now gained the

Leadership

in medium-priced work,
we propose to give such
values as will keep it with

RICHMOND, BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va.

W. G. ADAMS, Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Art«.==XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. ==SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, May, 1904.

No. 5.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The cold, ungenial weather which has character-
ized the past six months all over the South, and in-
deed to a great extent all the country, still continues.
Up to this writings (20th April) we have had really
no Southern spring weather. The wind persistently
stays in the northwest, north or northeast, and feels
all the time as though it came over the snow and ice,
and the sun with all its acquired power can do little
more than moderate this iceness, it cannot overcome
it so as to give us genial growing weather. Added
to this condition we have a continuance of I
normal dryness which has now lasted for five months.
As a result of these conditions, fall sown crops and
grass have made but little growth, and but slow pro-
gress has been made in fitting and preparing the land
and in planting spring crops. The Government re-
port on the condition of the winter wheat crop is dis-
tinctly discouraging, showing that the South has not
been alone in having a hard winter. The average
condition of the crop for the whole country is only
76.5 per cent., as against 97.3 per cent, at the same
time last year, and 84.1 per cent., the average for ten
years. In Virginia the condition is 69, as against
103 last year. In North Carolina S4, as against 100
last year. In Maryland 71, as against 99 last year,
and in South Carolina 82, as against 93 last year.
The reports we receive as to the winter oat crop in the
South are also very unsatisfactory. Much of the
crop has been killed outright, whilst a large propor-
tion of the remainder is seriously damaged. Spring
oats are making but slow growth, and we are of opin-

ion from reports made to us that the crop will be a
small one in the South, and that the farmers will
have to look to snmmer forage crops for feed for the

-lock.

In our last issue we wrote fully on the subject of
the preparation of the land for the corn crop, and as
to the food requirements of the crop, and to that issue
we refer our readers. We would again emphasize
the point there made that the yield of the crop will
depend much more on the perfect preparation of the
land than upon any fertilizer that may be used.
What (lie land of the South mosl needs is humus
(vegetable matter) and deep and perfect prepara-
tion before the planting of the crop. This makes it
retentive of moisture, prevents baking and crusting
of the soil, and if these conditions are maintained,
the corn crop, with its immense root system, will
forage for food and secure it although no commer-
cial fertilizer be applied. Wlierever peas or any
other of the leguminous crops have been grown last
year the effect on the corn crop will be very appar-
ent. We have known a single crop of cow peas grown
and plowed under to increase the yield of the corn
crop following from 10 to 20 bushels to the acre.
In one case within our experience where a crop of cow
peas was grown and plowed down in the fall and the
land dressed with 25 bushels of lime to the acre, the
yield of the corn crop the following year was 36
bushels to the acre, as against a previous yield of 10
bushels to the acre. Deep and perfect cultivation of
the soil and the application of lime will make avail-

314

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

able the great natural stores of phosphoric acid and
potash in the soil even of old cultivated land, and the
only other requisite then needed for a good crop is
retention of moisture. Do not be in too great haste in
planting the crop, but devote the time until the soil is
warmed by the sun to making the seed bed more per-
fect. Corn will not germinate and grow off well in
cold land, and the corn crop that does not grow off
right away from the day it is planted is not going to
make a great yield. Better wait a week or ten days
and have the land warm and in fine condition before
planting. Co not plant a greater area than you can
find time and team to cultivate well and frequently
throughout the growing season. We have seen many
a promising crop lost from want of frequent cultiva-
tion.

The cultivation of the corn crop is a subject that
does not usually receive half of the attention it de-
serves. Many farmers altogether miss the great ob-
ject of cultivation. They regard the killing of weeds
as the prime object. This is not so. Whilst the kill-
ing of weeds is important, it is much more important
that the soil should be so frequently stirred as to pre-
vent their growth, and to so thoroughly aerate it as to
render available the plant food in the soil and per-
mit of the fine rootlets of the plants permeating every
foot of the land and gathering from it the food need-
ed for the growth of the crop. It is much easier
to prevent the growth of weeds than to destroy them
after they are grown. When the soil is so frequently
stirred as to prevent a growth of weeds the germi-
nating weed seeds are killed before there is time for
the weeds to rob the corn plants of food and moisture.
Every day weeds are permitted to grow they are rob-
bing the soil of food and moisture and decreasing the
supply for the corn crop. Cultivation, when prop-
erly done, conserves moisture and prevents weed
growth. The cultivation which meets these require-
■ ments is not deep plowing with a turn plow — plowing
off the soil from the plant and then turning it back
again at the next working. A turning plow has no
place in a corn field after the crop has been planted.
All its work should have been done before the plant-
ing of the crop. Its use afterwards simply means
the tearing of the fine rootlets of the plants and in-
jury to the crop. The implement needed is a harrow
or weeder for the first two or three workings, and a
cultivator for the later workings, and these should
not be set to disturb more than the top three inches of
soil. Land cultivated in this way, kept level, and
covered with a fine mulch of soil, will retain moisture

to the surface and thus conduce to the rapid growth
of the crop. Let the first cultivation be given with
the harrow or weeder, running the same over all the
land and not merely between the rows, before the
plants break through the soil or immediately they
have begun to appear, and especially is this import-
ant when a rain has fallen after the seed has been
planted, but before it has had time to break through
the surface. This system of cultivation with the
weeder or harrow can, with advantage, be continued
until the plants are six or eight inches high. Deep
cultivation with the plow as compared with shallow,
level cultivation with a cultivator has been tested at
many of the Experiment Stations, and the results
have been invariably in favor of shallow, level culti-
vation. At the Illinois Station in 1893 the yield per
acre of corn on land cultivated shallow and with a
careful avoidance of root injury or disturbance was
100 bushels to the acre, as against 78 bushels per acre
on land where the roots were disturbed and pruned
by deep cultivation. Let the cultivation of the crop
be continued as long as it is practicable to go through
the rows without doing injury to the stalks, and pre-
vious to the last cultivation sow either cow peas,
crimson clover or sapling clover broadcast and work
in with the cultivator. Do not follow the old prac-
tice of throwing a hill to the corn at this last work-
ing. It only tends to reduce the moisture content
of the soil by leaving a larger surface exposed to the
sun's rays. It is of importance to conserve this mois-
ture and not to waste it. The idea that a furrow
thrown to the row will hold up the corn is a fal-
lacious one. It might have been true, when under
the old system of cultivation with a plow, the roots
had been badly cut off in the working of the crop, but
under a system of shallow, level cultivation the roots
of the crop will be so widely extended as to run across
from row to row, and the stalks are sufficiently
braced in all directions as to need no support from
soil thrown to them.

The cultivation of the cotton crop should be on the
same general lines laid down for the corn crop, except
that we would not use a harrow or weeder for the first
two cultivations. Cotton plants are too tender to be
treated in this way. The cultivation should be done
by a weeder or cultivator running only between the
rows. The cultivation in the rows is done by the
hoe when chopping the crop to a stand. The import-
ance of shallow, frequent cultivation is as great for
the cotton crop as for the corn crop. At the last
working sow crimson clover in the cotton. This will

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

315

make a cover for the land in the winter and thus im-
prove it by supplying humus making matter, besides
making some feed for stock.

The preparation of the land for the planting of the
tobacco crop should have attention, as the plants
should be set out in the latter part of the month or the
first week in June. The late cold spring has caused
much delay in raising plants, and we hear that they
are still very small, and will not be ready to set out
as early as usual. Let the land be well and finely
broken, and especially well fitted so that the small
plants may have a chance to immediately take hold
and commence growth. In our last issue we gave
advice as to the fertilizer to use on this crop, and to
that issue we refer our readers. We would like to
see Virginia tobacco growers make an effort to pro-
duce a particularly good crop this year, as we believe
that it will pay them to do so. The high price of
cotton will cause many tobacco growers in the Caro-
linas to abandon the crop and plant cotton in its
place. This will make a better market for our to-
bacco, and if the quality made is only good we are of
opinion that it will sell for a paying price. To make
a heavy crop of good tobacco calls for plenty of rich
fertilizer in the soil and a well prepared soil. In the
Northern tobacco sections it is quite a common prac-
tice to apply from 1,000 to 1,500 pounds of a high
grade tobacco fertilizer to the acre, and from such
fertilizing heavy crops of fine tobacco are made. We
would like to see experiments made on this line here.
We believe that it would pay upon the dark heavy
shipping types of tobacco. Let the fertilizer used
be rich in potash and nitrogen, so as to give quality
and size to the leaf, but keep down the phosphoric
acid so as to avoid coarseness.

The peanut crop is becoming one of increasing
importance in the South, and especially in this State.
The average crop grown here is over 3,000,000 bush-
els every year, and this is also the case in North
Carolina. The consumption of nuts is constantly
increasing, and last year's crop failed to meet the
market's requirement, and prices have advanced all
through the winter and spring, and the market is re-
ported bare of stock. With more attention given to
the preparation of the land and the adoption of a
system of rotation by which the crop shall only come
on the land every three or four years instead of
every year or every other year, as has been the case
in the past, we believe that the growing of peanuts
can be made a profitable business in our light Tide-

water section soils. The average crop made is only
about 30 bushels to the acre. This should be doubled,
and can be easily done with a proper system of rota-
tion by which the soil shall be kept filled with humus,
and the use of lime to render the plant food in the
soil available and to keep the soil free from acidity,
and cause the nuts to fill well. In our March issue,
in reply to an enquirer, we gave advice as to a proper
fertilizer to use for the crop. Unfortunately by a
printer's error a cypher was left off one of the con-
stituents, and this was not detected until too late to
correct the same in the April issue. The fertilizer
advised should read 300 pounds cotton seed meal,
80 pounds acid phosphate, and 240 pounds of kainit
per acre. If cow peas or crimson clover have been
grown on the land, the quantity of cotton seed meal
may be reduced to 150 pounds. The nuts should be
planted this month.

When the staple crops — corn, cotton and tobacco —
have been planted and started on their growth time
should be taken to plant forage crops to supplement
the pastures and to make feed for stock during the
winter. The importance of these crops has been em-
phasized by the long winter through which we have
just passed. On hundreds of farms throughout the
South where no special provision had been made by
means of forage crops for the feeding of the stock,
but the old custom of relying on the fodder from the
corn crops and such hay as had been saved had been
followed, the stock have had to go short of feed and
have come through the winter in worse condition
and are worth less money now than when they went
into winter quarters. This is poor farming and bad
economy. To keep stock without its constantly im-
proving in weight and value is a waste of food and
time and a loss of interest on the money invested in
the animals. To merely keep them to make manure
is not sufficient, especially when that manure is made
only from shortened rations of no high nutritive
value. It cannot under such circumstances be of
anything like the value for the improvement of the
land which it ought to be. Where stock are well fed
on rations rich in protein and carbohydrates the ma-
nure made will largely pay for the cost of keeping
the animals, and will with the increase in weight of
the animals make stock keeping a profitable business,
and result in a farm highly improved in productive
capacity by the application of the manure to the land.
Such manure will return to the soil not merely the
vegetable refuse which makes humus, but will also
return to the soil something like 75 per cent, of the

316

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

nitrogen and mineral fertility contained in the food.
Now that the South is becoming so much more largely
a stock keeping country the necessity for the making
of forage crops is a subject demanding attention.
There is no section of the whole country where for-
age crops of so great variety and of such great lux-
uriance of growth can be made as in the South.
Whilst some other sections can make as fine hay
crops, nowhere else can such enormous yields of for-
age and so many crops be made in the time as in the
South. In making choice of the crops to be grown,
attention should be given to the feeding value of the
same. Some are rich in protein, the muscle and
flesh forming elements, whilst others are rich in the
carbo-hydrates, the makers of fat and heat. There
should be selection made from both types, so that the
animals may be fed a balanced ration, and thus be
enabled to make growth and fat. Feeding only one
kind cannot result in that success which ought to be
secured. Amongst the most valuable protein crops
are cow peas and soy beans, amongst the carbo-hy-
drate crops are corn fodder, sorghum, Kaffir corn,
teocinte and the millets. In addition to these strictly
forage crops, crimson clover, red and sapling clover
and alfalfa, vetches and rape can be grown to supple-
ment the pastures or provide winter and spring graz-
ing. Where all these crops receive that attention
which they ought to have, and are some or all of them
produced on the farm, stock can be kept in growing
and feeding condition without much, if any, recourse
!<• 'lie corn crib. A ton of cow pea hay is worth as
much as a stock food as a ton of wheat bran, and
more if a fair quantity of peas are saved with the
hay. The clovers, alfalfa, vetches and rape being
strictly crops for fall seeding, we do not propose now
to say more about them, but invite attention to the
others we have named. Let land be well prepared
for cow peas, soy beans, sorghum, Kaffir corn, and
corn for fodder and the silo, and also for some of the
millets for cutting for green feed to supplement the
pastures and for hay. All the leguminous crops like
cow peas and soy beans are great consumers of the
mineral fertilizers, phosphates and potash, and
should, unless the land is fertile, have the help of 200
or 300 pounds to the acre of acid phosphate at least,
and on light, sandy land of 50 pounds of muriate of
potash per acre. They will well pay for this outlay,
as it enables them to make a quick, luxuriant growth,
and thus become so much better able to gather nitro-
gen from the atmosphere for the enrichment of the
crop and the soil. Whilst all these crops may be
sown broadcast with a considerable degree of success

vet experiments have conclusively proved that they
make a better return when planted in rows and culti-
vated once or twice. Cow peas which are usually
very largely grown sown broadcast are this year high
in price, and we would therefore suggest that this
practice be not followed, but that they be drilled in
rows 2 feet or 2 feet 6 inches apart. Planted in this
way a peck or a peck and a half will plant an acre
and a better crop be made than with a bushel or a
bushel and a half sown broadcast. We are strongly
in favor of mixing cow peas and sorghum together,
using say a peck of cow peas and half a peck of sor-
ghum seed per acre. This makes an excellent, well-
balanced feed for stock, and the hay is easier to cure
than that of cow peas alone. Talking a few days ago
with the owner of a large plantation, who keeps a
heavy head of stock, on this subject of forage crops,
he remarked that after making experiments with
nearly every variety of them he had concluded that
cow peas and sorghum sown together made the best
crop and the finest feed of any, and that he grew a
large acreage of this every year, upon which his stock
always did well in winter. Sorghum, of which the
Early Amber and Early Orange are the best varie-
ties, may be sown either in drill or broadcast. If in-
tended for hay, it should be sown thickly broadcast,
so that the stalks may be small, say at the rate of one
bushel to the acre. We prefer, however, to grow it
in rows 2 feet 6 inches apart, and let it stand two or
three inches apart in the rows. A peck of seed will
sow an acre in this way. It should then be har-
like com, and be sot up in shocks to cure.
Kaffir corn is a non-saccharine sorghum, and whilst
not so valuable as a feed as the saccharine sorghtims,
ought not to be overlooked, as it stands a drouth bet-
ter than any other variety. Sow like sorghum. Soy
beans may be sown either broadcast or in rows, but
we advise that they be planted in rows 2 feet 6
inches apart, and be cultivated like corn. A peck of
seed will sow an acre in this way. They will in
good land meet in the rows and make a fine crop for
winter feeding cut when the earliest pods are just
ripening, or they may be allowed to ripen the seed
and be threshed for the peas, and the stock will eat up
the stalks and hulls clean. South of the James river
teocinte may be sown for forage. It will not ma-
ture seed in this State, but makes an immense growth
of forage, which will spring up again from the stocks
after being cut off once or twice. It is valuable to
use as a green forage crop, and makes fair dry feed,
though not so nutritous as corn or sorghum. Cat
tail and German millet may be sown to supplement

1904. J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

31'

the hay crop or for green feed. Sow broadcast at
the rate of a bushel per acre on finely prepared land.

Corn for the silo should be planted not later than
the end of June. Plant in rows 3 feet apart, leaving
the stalks 6 inches apart in the rows. Planted in
this way the crop will make a fair proportion of ears,
and the stalks will mature well and make good, sweet
silage. On good land from 10 to 15 tons to the acre
can be made in this way, and as a feed for stock of all
kinds nothing can excel it in winter, as it retains its
succulency and palatability. It is a great milk
making food. As a feed, it may be greatly improved
by growing cow peas in the rows along with the corn.
The peas, either the Clay or Whippoorwill, are best,
as they keep closer to the corn stalks and are less
troublesome to harvest than the Black or other ram-
pant vine makers, should lie planted alongside the
corn rows at the second cultivation, and will then
sufficiently mature at the same time as the corn.
This combination makes a better balanced silage than
corn alone, and a greater weight of feed can be put
into the silo in the same space.

When planting the corn, don't forget to sow some
pumpkin seeds along with it. They will grow to-
gether without injury to each other, and the pump-
kins are good feed for cattle and hogs in the winter.
Sow a couple of pounds of the Virginia Mammoth to
the acre. Thev can be mixed with the corn in the
drill.

SOME THOUGHTS ON THE APRIL PLANTER.

DRAINING WITH POLES.

Editor Southern Planter:

What Mr. Thomas says in regard to pine pole
drains is perfectly correct. Over sixteen years ago
E drained a cove in a river bottom in Albemarle,
which was surrounded by high hills and covered with
bunches of willow. Water formerly stood over it all
winter, and ice was cut from it. I cut a ditch around
next the hills to cut off the springs, and from this
ditches parallel to each other and straight to the
branch. All the ditches were laid with skinned pine
poles covered with pine straw and filled up. Poles
were laid on each side the ditch bottom and another
made the cover between them, being larger than the
other=. The next season I had fine clover on the
ground, having, of course, cleared off the willows.
I saw that piece of land two years ago, and the pole
drains were still working all right.

Mr, Hull is evidently an enthusiast in lime.
Doubtless in the red clay lands of the Piedmont sec-
tion lime has a great value even as a mechanical
agent in the mellowing of the soil, and a fine action
also in sweetening the soil for clover. Lime is a
great aid in the improvement of the soil when prop-
erly used, but the man who thinks that, because he
gets good results at once from an application of
lime, lime is a manure, and that all that is necessary to
make his land rich and richer is to keep putting lime
on it, will find after a while that lime has helped him
to reduce the plant food in the soil, and will have to
go to work to replace it. Lime in connection with
clover can be made the most efficient agent in the res-
toration of the old red hills. I formerly used a great
deal of lime in Virginia (Piedmont), but I prac-
ticed a different method from that Mr. Hull uses,
and I think a better one. I bought fresh, unslaked
lime in carload lots. Hauled it and piled it in a
heap, and then slaked it at once with water to a fine
powder. This was hauled and spread from the
wagon direct, and there were no overlimed spots as
there will be where it is left weeks in piles, and it is
far easier to spread from the wagon after measuring
the wagon box and laying off the land in acres. Lime
is a great aid in an improving rotation, but used with
the notion that it will make poor land rich of itself
will lead to exhaustion. In Dr. Fisher's experience
it is shown that lime helped, but he got a great deal
of humus making material on the land before mak-
ing the big crop of corn. Keep up the humus and
lime will help very greatly in its nitrification.

SACCTIALINE.

Mr. Rice is mistaken in saying that this plant is
no relation to buckwheat. It belongs to the same
botanical family as buckwheat, and is no sort of a
relative to dock, though somewhat similar in its
growth to dock. Rut it is not worth any more than
dock, and we hope that we are not going to have a
reviva] of it.

NITROGEN IN LEGUMES.

N says that a ton of green pea vines contain five
pounds of nitrogen. The best analysis I have at
hand makes a ton of green pea vines contain between
29 and 30 pounds of nitrogen and a ton of green
alfalfa 45 pounds. I am glad to see that he is fig-
tiring on the feeding value of these things. I have
no objection to alfalfa, and every one should have a
piece. Rut the peas will come into the regular farm
rotation while the alfalfa will not, and therefore boih
are needed for feeding and soil improvement. Rut

318

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

the one who supposes that a plot of alfalfa can be kept
producing large crops without fertilization will soon
find that he is mistaken. Lime every five or six
years and phosphate and potash every year will pay
well on the alfalfa.

EOOT GRAFTED TREES.

The talk that has been made by many nurserymen
in regard to the greater value of whole roots in graft-
ing trees is largely an advertising dodge, for no one
ever uses really the whole root. The seedlings come
with roots, straight tap roots over a foot long. Now,
as the graft must be set just below the surface of the
soil, what are you going to do with that long root ?
It simply must be shortened for planting. It may
be that the graft on the crown of the root is best, but it
is entirely impracticable to use the whole root, and
in my experience the piece cut off will make just as
good a graft as any, and I have so used it.

JAPAX CLOVER AXD BROOMSEDGE.

You say that it will not destroy broomsedge. It
certainly did for me, and it is doing it in large sec-
tions of Western North Carolina and here.

ARTICHOKES FOE HOGS.

Doubtless the hogs will like the artichokes, but I
do not think the man who plants them will like them
long. I tried once to get rid of them in a piece of
strong limestone clay loam many years ago, and I be-
lieve they are there yet. There are so many things
we can plant for the hogs that are not vile weeds that
I never advise the artichokes. Hogs may get them
out of sandy soil, but never from a clay one.

VELVET BEANS.

These are being found valuable in sandy soil in the
far southeast corner of this State, but are worthless
from the middle section north, especially on a clay
soil. About the town of Magnolia on the Atlantic
Coast Line R. R. they are using them in preference
to peas.

ASHES AXD GUAXO.

I would like to add to what you say to Mr. Spen-
cer, as I am writing to numerous correspondents who
ask the same question, that mixing ashes with fer-
tilizers will injure the fertilizer by driving off the
ammonia and reverting the phosphoric acid through
the action of the lime in the ashes. There is no one
question that comes up more frequently than this
from people who happen to have some ashes, and
imagine that they can be used in a mixed fertilizer
with commercial fertilizers or home made manures,
and no matter how often we tell them of the risk the
next day some one else comes with the same query,
though reading the same paper where the previous

reply was given. The fact is that few farmers seem
to read their papers carefully or listen and take in
what is told by Institute lectures.

ASPARAGUS FEOM SEED.

I am gad to find that Mr. Allen has found out the
advantage of sowing the seed of asparagus where it is
to stand. I have been advocating this plan for thirty
years, and you will find my method fully detailed in
the recent bulletin of the Department of Agriculture
of North Carolina on garden vegetables, which I pre-
pared. But the making of trenches three feet deep is
needless, for manure packed down that deep will
never be used by the plants. A deeply prepared soil
well filled with manure is all that is needed. I pre-
fer to cut my asparagus at the surface and get all
tender. The new Columbian asparagus, which keeps
white till several inches high, will please those who
want it white. I have sown asparagus seed and cut
good asparagus from it the following spring. The
thinnings can be transplanted like cabbage plants.
W. F. Massey, Editor of Practical Farmer.

Whilst our own experience has not convinced us
that Japan clover will destroy broomsedge, a friend
of ours confirms what Prof. Massey says. He has
killed out the broomsedge on part of his farm with
Japan clover. He says also that by heavily manur-
ing the land with barnyard manure he has killed it
out. — Ed

SORGHUM AS A FORAGE CROP.

Editor Southern Planter:

As May is the time to plant sorghum, I will give
the readers of the Planter the benefit of what I
have seen and heard about this crop in the States
west and south of Virginia. While travelling in
Kentucky several years ago I found field after field
of it shocked up as other corn, and upon inquiry I
was told it was to feed horses, cattle, hogs, etc. Whilst
in North Carolina this winter I spent several days
with a stock dealer, and I noticed that he fed his
horses and mules (which he handled by the car load)
on sorghum cane which was given them just as it
came from the shocks in the field. It was five or six
feet tall, and the stalks were the size of your fingers,
and perhaps a little larger. It was bright, sweet,
and in perfect keeping order, and relished heartily
by all stock, they frequently leaving grain untouched
to eat it. I went to the twelve acre lot where it was
grown and found the shocks just as they had been
set up after the crop had been cut by the corn har-
vester. These were set up the day the crop was cut.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

319

I found it had been sown in rows about four feet
apart and cultivated as we do corn. It stood thick in
the drill, which is necessary to keep the stalks from
growing too large. I talked with half a dozen or
more farmers in the neighborhood, and they all
agreed that it was the greatest forage crop that could
be raised, and that one acre of it was worth more
than four acres in corn on the same character of
land. It should not be harvested until it heads out,
and the seed is pretty well matured. It has then
reached the point of its highest value. It will keep
all winter in perfect condition in shocks of three to
four feet in diameter, but will mould and sour if
packed away in the house in a horizontal position.
As Virginia is rapidly becoming a stock raising State,
and as forage for winter is a vital question, I believe
that stock men will find in sorghum cane just the
thing for their horses, cattle, hogs and sheep, for it
not only furnishes a large yield per acre, but is very
nutritious.

I found in Georgia this winter that sorghum hay
was raised by sowing two bushels and a half of seed
to the acre, which made it very thick on the land and
the stalks were very little larger than wheat straws.
It was cut with the mower after heading and allowed
to lie on the ground for ten days. Rain will not
hurt it. It is then raked up and stored away with
perfect safety in the barn or in stacks. One other
advantage it has is the second crop which will come
immediately from the stubble, and I was told that
this is more valuable as feed than the first.

I shall plant about ten acres of sorghum in rows
to be cultivated, and will sow broadcast about two
acres this year as an experiment, C. G. Snead.

Fluvanna Co., Va.

COW PEAS AS A HAY CROP.

We take the following from a bulletin just issued
by the Arkansas Experiment Station :

The intelligent production of hay is a profitable
industry in many localities of the State. According
to the U. S. Census report the average hay yield of
the United States for the past ten years has been 1.32
tons per acre, and for Arkansas the same report gives
a ten years' average of 1.35 tons per acre, of .03
above the average for the whole country. Exclusive
of peas and hulls cow pea hay grown on the station
grounds the past five years has ranged from .37 of a
ton to 4 tons per acre, the average of all plots of all
varieties being 1.58 tons per acre. The above refers
to cow peas grown principally for experimental pur-
poses. On larger areas and where the hay was

grown primarily for feed and from varieties well
suited to the production of hay, the average yield has
been well above two tons per acre, not including peas
or hulls, and when the peas were harvested with the
vines the average has been approximately three tons
per acre.

In 1902 and again in 1903, more than 300 plots of
cow peas were grown and harvested under field con-
ditions. In 1902 the yield of hay from 141 plots
was recorded and from 153 plots in 1903. Of these
294 plots only eleven gave less than 1,000 pounds of
hay per acre (exclusive of peas), 87 plots gave be-
tween one and two thousand pounds per acre, 108
gave between two and four thousand pounds per acre,
and 88 plots more than four thousand pounds. The
average yields of cow pea hay for the past five years
as computed from all plots of all varieties of which
a record was made, are as follows :

lbs. hay per acre.

1899 3,183

1900 .' 2,773

1901 3,369

1902 3,609

1903 2,913

Eive years' average 3,169.4

With the exception of a very few cases these aver-
ages do not include the weight of either peas or hulls.
When the pods were harvested with the hay the yield
of peas was light. Usually the harvesting of the
hay was delayed until the peas could be gathered.
In many cases this necessarily reduced the yield of
hay, many leaves having fallen from a number of
varieties before all the peas were sufficiently ripe to
be gathered.

In 1902, sixteen plots produced more than 6,000
pounds of hay per acre, eight of which ripened no
peas, or so small a quantity that they were not worth
the gathering. The highest acreage yield recorded
in 1902 was 8,750 pounds made by the variety Clay.
This 8,750 pounds of hay bore only 2.9 bushels of
shelled peas. The lowest yield of hay was 750
pounds per acre produced by one plot each of New
Era and Extra Early Black Eye. These two plots
yielded respectively 1,337.5 and 1,025 pounds of
shelled peas per acre. The weight of the peas and
hulls produced by these two varieties in this instance
was double the weight of the cured vines that bore
the peas and hulls. One plot of Wonderful (or Un-
known) yielded 8,350 pounds of hay per acre and
no blossoms had appeared upon the vines when har-
vested in October. Two other plots of this variety
ripened no peas. Two plots of Clay produced 8,250
and 7,540 pounds of hay per acre and no peas worth
gathering.

These great varietal differences have an import-

320

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

ant bearing \ipou the selection of varieties to be
grown for whatever purpose, and particularly when
the prime object of their culture is the production of
hay. Lack of recognition of these differences in the
habits of varieties is a fruitful source of failure, or
of at least unsatisfactory results and of disappoint-
ment. On the other hand, a duo consideration of
these varietal variations will enable the grower to
select varieties well suited to each of the various pur-
poses for which the cow pea is grown.

Since the summer of 1898 mure than 550 plots of
cow pea vines have been cut for hay, including about
50 varieties. A number of these varieties, and par-
ticularly those of dissimilar characters, were grown
in multiple plots, cut at various degrees of maturity
and under a variety of weather conditions. The re-
sults of attempts to cure these various lots of hay
range from perfect success to complete failure. A
review of the results of these tests extending through
five years seems to warrant these conclusions:

(a) Cow peas of any variety harvested while young
or in vigorous growth are difficult to cure into hay
no matter how favorable the weather canditions.

(b) Mature vines are cured with little difficulty in
favorable weather, and usually cure in fair to ex-
cellent condition after an exposure of two to four
days of rain and cloudy weather.

(c) Varieties producing the heaviest yield of peas
are most easily cured into hay, while those produc-
ing a few peas, or none at all, were the most difficult
to cure, since they habitually continue in vigorous
growth until checked by frost.

(d) Late, shallow cultivation prolongs the period
of growth and makes the vines more difficult to cure.
Cultivation should cease when the first pods appeaT
if the crop is intended for hay.

(e) Vines bearing a fair or full crop of peas that
ripen well together are easily cured when one-fourth
or more of the peas are thoroughly ripe and no second
growth of vine has been induced by excessive mois-
ture.

. (f) Vines bearing a fair or full crop of peas ripen-
ing through a prolonged period through which the
plants continue in vigorous growth are usually diffi-
cult to cure in other than the most favorable weather.
The numerous varieties of cow peas differ so widely
in various respects that their peculiarities must be
considered when the crop is grown for hay and the
time of mowing, treatment while in the swathe, in
wind-rows and in cocks adjusted not only to the con-
dition of the weather, but also the peculiarities of the
variety, and to variations due to climate and soil.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Sotthebn
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southern Plantek.

Duroc Hogs.

Please give your opinion on the Duroc hogs. Are
i hey as good or better for this section than Poland-
Chinas or Berkshire*? How would they cross on
either of these breeds ? W. S. D.

Lancaster Co., Va.

The Duroc Jersey Hogs are an improved breed of
the old Jersey Red Hogs, and are a good breed of
bacon hogs. They are very largely bred in some of
the Western States, and highly spoken of as u-.ofi-
table hogs. We doubt, however, whether they are
equal to the Berkshires for the South. We would
not advise crossing them on either of the breeds
named. In our last issue we gave our opinion on
this question of crossing pure bred hogs. — We are
decidedly against it. — Ed.

Pip in Chickens.

What can you give young chicks when first hatched
to prevent them from having pip on the tongue, as T
have lost several from it.

Caroline Co., Va. A Subscriber.

We often hear of this supposed disease, but do not
believe in it. We have kept chickens all our lives
and never were troubled with it. When a boy we re-
member to have seen old farmers' wives scraping
off the tips of the tongues of chickens to cure pip. so
they said, but we never did so, and lost no more
chickens than they did. We can find no mention of
any such disease in our books. The chickens die
from some other cause than that named. Feed them
on dry grits and bread soaked in milk and sqiicezed
dry, and let them have fine, sharp grit to pick and a
little bone meal in their food once or twice a week.
Soft food is the cause of more dead chickens than any
disease. — Ed.

Improving Land.

1. Most of my land is a sandy loam, and my neigh-
bor has black loamy land that is always light and
never bakes, but in winter it will put up icicles that
are six inches long, and it raises anything planted
out of the ground. I have four fields that join him.
They have been rented, or rather sub-rented, for a
number of years, and the ditches are stopped and the
soil is dark and sticky. The soil can be worked like
putty. I have opened the ditches and the land is
beginning to dry and get hard. I plowed in weeds

10O4.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

321

that were 7 or 8 feet high and sowed crimson clover,
but failed to get a stand on account of late seeding.

2. I have a quantity of pine sawdust on hand, and
thought of putting it on the land to lighten it.
Neighbors say it will ruin the land. Some do not
know why, and some say there is too much acid. I
have tested sawdust for acid and can't find any.
Please advise me as to this land.

Princess Anne Co., Va. K. F. Grant.

1. The land requires thorough drainage, and then
to be filled with vegetable matter by the growing of
humus making crops, the stubble of which should he
plowed down. It is very probable that the land will
be too sour to grow crops well until it has been limed.
Plow it and apply 25 bushels of lime to the acre, and
work in. This will not only sweeten the land, but
will change the physical and mechanical condition of
the soil. Recent experiments made in Illinois have
proven that an application of potash to soils of this
character is very beneficial. We would apply 50
pounds of muriate of potash to the acre before seed-
ing a crop.

2. Sawdust is of no benefit whatever to land. It
contains no plant food. Its application to wet land
is also to be deprecated for the reason that it absorbs
and holds moisture which the land does not need.
Burn the sawdust and apply the ashes. These will
help by supplying some potash. — Ed.

Improving Land.

I have some stiff places on my farm. The land is
high land. Would sowing grain crops like peas and
turning down do my land good ? J. G. L.

Accomac Co., Va.

Plow the land deep, work fine and sow cow peas or
cow peas and sorghum, applying 200 pounds of acid
phosphate to the acre. Mow the peas for hay, leav-
ing a tall stubble. Plow this down and apply 25
bushels of lime to the acre, and then sow crimson
clover and a mixture of wheat, oats and rye. This
will make a winter cover, and should be plowed clown
in the spring, and the land will then be lightened. If
necessary, repeat again next year. — Ed.

Alfalfa.

Please advise me what to do with an acre of
alfalfa that I put in September 15th last year. I
have a good stand, but the plants seem to be weak,
occasionally a plant looks thrifty, but the majority
of it does not. Land was inoculated and 500 pounds
of a 10-2 fertilizer harrowed in before seeding.

Gloucester Co., Va. C. M. S.

Apply 75 to 100 pounds of nitrate of soda broad-

cast per acre. It is probable that the bacteria has
not yet sufficiently inoculated the soil.. Warmer
weather will cause this to spread and the nitrate of
soda will help the crop until this occurs. — Ed.

Fertilizing Land for Bright Tobacco.

Can't you devote a little more space to the prepara-
tion and fertilizing of land for bright tobacco and its
cultivation ? It is the most important industry in
this part of the State. A. H. Zollinger

Charlotte Co., Va.

In our last issue we devoted considerable space to
the question of the proper fertilizer to use for tobacco,
and we refer the enquirer to that issue. The per-
centage of nitrogen and phosphoric acid in the fer-
tilizer ought not to be so large for bright tobacco as
for the dark, heavy shipping types, but otherwise the
requirements of the crops are the same. — En.

Scours in Calves.

Will you please publish a cure for scours in calves
and young pigs? A Subscriber.

Feed a tablespoonful of blood meal in each feed of
milk and give a like quantity to the pigs in their food.
Blood meal can be had from the Armour Co. and
their agents. — Ed.

Diseased Apple Tree.

I enclose apple tree twig for inspection and advice.
It has a scale on the bark, as you may see, and is in-
fected from the ground to the top of the tree.

Accomac Co., Va. A Subscriber.

The tree is infested with San Jose scale. Dig it
up and burn it, and do the same with others as badly
infested. Spray the rest of the orchard with the
lime, sulphur and salt wash advised in recent issues
of the Planter. — Ed.

Grass for Name.

Will you please tell me what you think of this
grass which I send by mail ? Our lawn is lovely,
but I find this grass coming in spots, and I don't
know what to think of it. In winter it looks dead.
I have asked many, and they do not knowvif it will
do well for our stock. Hoggard.

The grass sent being unknown to us, we referred
the same to the Agrostologist of the Department of
Agriculture. The following is his reply :

I have in hand yours of the 6th instant, referred to
this office for attention. The grass you have sent is
a grass found not uncommonly along the coast region
of Florida, and there known as St. Augustine grass.

322

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

Stenotaphrum dimidiatum. In that latitude this has
a considerable value for lawns on account of its strong
creeping habit and rapid growth, which enables it to
successfully withstand considerable adverse condi-
tions, such as weeds and some drought. I do not
know whether this would be sufficiently hardy to
stand our extremes of cold as far north as Princess
Anne county or not. Carlton R. Ball.

Ginseng.

Please advise in your next issue what character
of soil and climate is best adapted to growth of
"ginseng," and where I will be able to purchase the
seed or the roots, as I would like to try its cultivation
in Texas, and oblige an old subscriber.

Texas. A. B. Hitt.

On page 168 of the March issue you will find in-
formation as to growing ginseng. The Commercial
Ginseng Co., of Crozet, Va., will very likely be able
to supply seed or roots.- — Ed.

Alfalfa Bacteria — Bermuda Grass— Soy Beans—
StockPea— Berkshires— German Clover-
Hog House.

1. AVhat is the cost of alfalfa bacteria procured
from the Department of Agriculture ?

2. Will Bermuda grass grow in Norfolk county,
and what soil is best?

3. Is there any difference between the soy and the
soja bean ?

4. Also, is there any between them and the stock
pea ?

5. Is there any difference in the size of the Ameri-
can and English Berkshire hogs, and which would
you advise me to buy for breeding purposes.

6. Will German clover grow as far South as this ?
Is it good for hogs?

7. Please give plan for cheap hog house.
Norfolk Co., Va. R. 1ST.
The Department of Agriculture supplies the bac-
teria free, we believe.

2. Yes ; a light loam soil.

3. No. Soy bean is the correct name.

4. Yes. The Stock pea is more correctly called
cow pea. The two plants (soy bean and cow pea)
are botanically two distinct families of plants.

5. No. The breed is an English breed, and all
Berkshires are either English bred or descended from
imported hogs.

6. Yes; German clover (crimson clover more com-
monly called) grows well all over the South.

1. In the Planter for November, 1903, will be
found a detailed description of a good hog house, I

from which any good carpenter can erect the build-
ing.— Ed.

Grain Crops for Hay.

1. Please tell me the best time to cut wheat, oats
and rye for hay. Is it best to cut rye in the boot so
it will not be so tough.

2. How long will herds grass and German clover
come up well ?

3. At what stage is it best to plow under German
clover? Old Subscriber.

Louisa Co., Va.

1. The grain crops are best cut for hay when the
grain is in the milk state — that is, just after it has
formed well.

2. We do not clearly understand this question.
Herds grass is a perennial grass, and will continue
to grow from year to year. German clover is only
an annual, and must be reseeded every year. If al-
lowed to mature its seed before being cut it will re-
seed itself and come up each year if the land is in fair
state of fertility.

3. German clover should be plowed under when in
bloom. It is then in its greatest vigor. — Ed.

Peanut Pickers.

Will some reader, or the Editor of the Southern
Planter, please inform me about a peanut picker.
What he thinks of them as to doing good and satis-
factory work. Where are they made, and are there
different makes. If a man has a machine, will it
pay to go around among farmers and thresh them ?
What is the price per bushel for thrashing, and how
many can be thrashed in one day ? Can one horse
run the machine ? A Subscriber.

Surry Co., Va.

The Cardwell Machine Co., Richmond, and Strat-
ton & Bragg Co., Petersburg, make and sell a peanut
jjicker. Write them for information on the subject.
—Ed.

Alfalfa.

I have a piece of land, about one-half an acre I
suppose that I wish to put in alfalfa. The land has
never been in cultivation — in fact there are seven
white oak trees standing on the piece that I shall not
cut. I have put 14 loads of stable manure on the
same. Now, what must I do next. How much fer-
tilizer and what kind ? Can I get bacteria from the
Agricultural Department (free), and how much will
it take for one-half an acre ? G. G. Taylor.

We assume that you have already plowed the land
before applying the manure. Work the manure into
the land with a cultivator, and then sow half a bushel

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

32H

of cow peas. These will make a heavy shade for the
land and smother out the weeds. In July cut these
for hay and work the land with a disc harrow or
cultivator, but do not plow again. In August sow
15 pounds of alfalfa seed inoculated with bacteria
and harrow in lightly and roll. The bacteria can
be had free from the Department of Agriculture.
It is supplied in cakes to infect each so many pounds
of seed. It is too late now to sow alfalfa this spring,
nor do we advise the seeding in spring at all. — Ed.

Millet Hay.

Is there any risk in feeding millet hay to horses
that was fully ripe when cut ? The heads and blades
brown. Please answer in your next issue.

Albemarle Co., Va. S. C. W.

Some horses are quickly affected by millet seed,
whilst others eat it apparently without injury. It
has an effect on the kidneys. Millet hay to be safe
for all horses ought to be cut before the seed forms.
Cut when just coming into bloom. — Ed.

the year, but even this breed will not accept service
immediately the lambs are weaned. We have known
grade Merinos to take the buck in a month or six
weeks after the lambs were weaned, but in this case
they were kept in a fine clover pasture and fed some
grain, peas and oats. — Ed.

Grass for Hill Side for Pasture.

Will you kindly tell me the best grass to put on
bill side that is badly washed in gullies. The soil is
red and poor. I wish it for permanent pasture for
horses and cattle, and am anxious to get something
that will hold the land together, and also prove not a
nuisance to the adjoining fields, as I cultivate them
in a three-year rotation. I wish to sow in fall. Would
it be necessary to plow this land this summer and
kill out other grasses, or to simply fallow in fall and
sow grass ? Would you apply fertilizer ; if so, what
kind and how much per acre ? Micheaux.

Pittsylvania Co., Va.

We should plow this land deeply at once and work
it fine and sow in cow peas or cow peas and sorghum.
This will level down the gullies and kill out some of
the weeds. Graze the crop off with stock and then in
August work the surface fine with a disc harrow or
cultivator and sow with a mixture of orchard grass,
Tall meadow oat grass, Virginia blue grass, Meadow
Fescue and two or three pounds of Alsike clover.
Top dress in the late fall with barn yard manure.
If the land is not rich it should have 200 or 300
pounds of acid phosphate to the acre before sowing
the peas and 300 or 400 pounds of bone meal to the
acre before sowing the grass seeds. — Ed.

Ewes Breeding.

Will you inform me how to manage sheep so as to
get the ewes to drop their lambs in January. I keep
my ewes and bucks together all the time, but the
ewes never drop lambs before March, and often in
April. Subscriber.

Isle of Wight Co., Va.

This cannot be done all at once, but has to be grad-
ually brought about by putting the lambing time back
a little each year. Take the lambs off as soon as pos-
sible this year, and then put the ewes on a thin pas-
ture until they have lost their milk. Then put them
on a better pasture and get them into good breeding
condition. In August put them on to a piece of good
clover or pea pasture and feed them a few peas and
oats every day, and after they have been there a week
turn the buck to them at nights only. The buck
should have been got into good condition previous to
being turned to the ewes. He should not be allowed
to run with them regularly. When he is turned to
the e.wes rub his breast with red chalk or a piece of
ochre, so that the ewes will show which he has served.
The habit of early breeding is an acquired one, and
depends largely upon the condition of the ewe. If
ewes are expected to accept service of the buck in
August or September the lambs should be taken from

them not later than May. The earlier the lambs are Brick Making,

taken off the sooner the ewes are likely to be in con- pjease ^ in TOm. vaiuaWe paper tiie method of
dition to breed again. Dorset sheep are the only making bricks which our fathers used in making
ones which will take the buck at almost any season of ' their bricks, and say whether any one can make them

Minks and Weasels and Chickens.

I am very much troubled with minks and weasels.
Last fall I had thirty young chickens killed.

Rockingham Co., N. C. L. A. Thoep.

Open a trench all round your chicken house close
to the walls and let it be three feet deep at the least.
Then buy sufficient fine meshed wire netting, say one-
fourth inch mesh, 3 feet or more wide and fix this
against the side of the building and ground under it,
all round the building, and fill the trench with the
soil taken out. This will prevent the vermin from
burrowing under the building. If they then attempt
to get through the walls above ground fix similar wire
netting against the sides of the building. — Ed.

324

THE SOUTHEPX PLANTER.

[May,

now cheaper than the bricks can be bought from a
manufacturer after paying freight and the time and
trouble to haul them from railroad depot ?

Sussex Co., Ta. P. L. Graves.

The old bricks were made simply with well temper-
ed clay very often worked with the feet to temper it,
moulded in wooden moulds, dried and then well
burnt with wood in clamps built out of the bricks
themselves. The bricks can be made now as easily
as in the old days, but whether it will be cheaper to
make them than to buy them from the large makers
depends on the cost of labor. We apprehend that you
would have difficulty in getting brick makers willing
to work without machinerv now-a-davs. — Ed.

Cultivation of Corn— Applying Fertilizer— Lime-
Dwarf Essex Rape— Pruning Fruit Trees.

1. In the level cultivation of corn we are told to
harrow the corn till it is 5 or 6 inches high. Does
that mean that we must ignore the row as if there
were no corn there, or take out some of the teeth and
straddle the row ? After the corn is 5 or 6 inches
high, what would be the best cultivator to use in
rocky, stumpy land '. Could we use any ordinary
harrow in the first workings ? Could we use the
popular weeders, such as the Hallock, Keystone Ad-
justable, etc., in rough land ?

2. Can we use a disk harrow in rocky land?

3. What sort of grass would be best for thin, gray
uplands ? It is sandy. Clover will not grow to do
any good on such land.

4. Can I apply acid phosphate, nitrate of soda,
and lime without a drill, and how ?

5. Is there a low grade of lime we can use for
fertilizing purposes ?

6. Can I pasture dwarf Essex rape with milk
cows?

7. How would you prune voting fruit trees planted
last fall ?

8. Where can I get pure Western alfalfa seed?
Franklin Co., 1'.;. W. T. Wade.

1. ^ OS, ignore the rows until the corn is so tall as
to be broken down by the harrow. In this and the

ue of The Planter you will find a large num-
ber of cultivators by different makers advertised.
Any of these will do good work in a corn crop if
properly handled, though in rockv ground we should
not advise the use of a disc cultivator. An ordinary
harrow may be used for the first two or three work-
ings or any of the weeders advertised, but none of the
weeders will work in rocky ground with any satis-
faction.

2. Xo ; not with any degree of satisfaction.

3. Tall meadow oat grass and orchard grass mixed.

4. Yes. The acid phosphate and nitrate of soda
can be sown broadcast with the hand and the lime be
spread broadcast with a shovel.

5. You will find agricultural lime advertised in
this issue by two or three firms.

6. Dwarf Essex Rape is not a proper pasture for
milk cows, as it will taint the milk. Young cattle,
sheep and hogs do well on it.

7. If the trees were properly cut back as advised
in the February issue of The Planter when set
they should need no pruning this year. If not then
cut back they should be so cut at once before any new
growth is made. — Ed.

Diseased Tobacco— Lime for Tobacco —Sow
Eating Pigs.

1. I enclose you a leaf of tobacco, desiring you to
tell me what is the cause of those white specks on the
leaf. There is considerable of it in my crop of last
year. I have noticed some little of it before. Ad-
vise me whether you think it is a disease or some-
thing lacking in the soil. If either one, can you
prescribe a remedy ?

2. Would you advise the use of lime on land which
I expect to plant in tobacco this spring? Would it
injure the quality of the tobacco in any way, the land
having been in tobacco, wheat and clover previous to
this, and the clover not cut last year ?

3. Can you tell me the cause and give me any
remedy for a brood sow eating her young. I have a
good brood sow that has had three litters, the last one
in January, thirteen in number. She ate all but
four of them; would have eaten them if I. had not
taken (hem away from her. I do not like to kill her
if there is anything I could feed her to prevent it.

Dinwiddle Co., Va. A Subscriber.

As we were unable to decide what was the cause
of the speckled tobacco, we sent the leaf to the Bureau
of Plant Industry of the Department of Agriculture
and asked for a report on the subject. The patholo-
gist of the Bureau replied as follows :

"This disease which you report as appearing in
Dinwiddie county, is one which we have known for a
couple of years as occurring in Prince Edward and
adjoining counties. It has also been reported from
one or two places in North Carolina. It does not
appear to he caused either by a fungus or any other
parasite. So far as my studios go, I am inclined to
believe that it is the result of certain cultural condi-
tions. As these studies have not vet been completed,
T do not care to make any definite statements as to
what may be wrong with the method of treatment in
this particular case, but I shall be glad to do so as
soon as my experiments are concluded. I shall be

"'04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

325

glad if you can ascertain for me the following infor-
mation with regard to the tobacco which you sent
here:

"1. On what kind of soil was it grown ?

"2. How much and what kind of fertilizer was
used ?

"3. How long has this particular field been plant-
ed with tobacco?

"4. To what extent have legumes been grown on
the same field ?"

On receipt of this reply we sent same to our en-
quirer and asked for reply to the questions asked.
These we have received and sent to the pathologist,
and are now waiting further information on the
subject.

2. We do not advise the use of lime on the land
intended to be planted in tobacco at this time of the
year. Tobacco is a crop not calling specially for
lime in its growth, and as one effect of lime is to re-
lease and make available more fertility in the soil
after it has had time to act, the effect of "using it
might be to prolong the growing period of the to-
bacco too late and result in a coarse, unripe product.

3. When a sow has once begun the practice of eat-
ing her pigs it is practically impossible to break her
of it, and the wisest course is to fatten and kill her.
Whilst it is impossible to say positively what causes
sows to adopt this practice, yet it is undoubtedly
certain that it is more frequent with young sows
which have been kept on a grain ration up to the time
of farrowing. They are in a fevered and excited
condition, and probably the smell of the blood about
the young pigs incites them to eating them, a rever-
sion to the natural appetite of the wild animal, which
is partially carnivorous in its habits. Having once
tasted they cannot further resist. A hog which be-
gins to eat chickens can rarely be broken of the prac-
tice. The best preventative is to keep the sows on a
vegetable and cooling diet up to the time of farrow-
ing, and to keep the bowels open with bran slop. — Ed.

Preserving Eggs for Winter.

Can you give any successful method of preserving
fresh hen eggs during the summer so they may be
kept until winter ? Jno. A. Brockenbkough.

Lancaster Co., Va.

Eggs may be successfully preserved in several
ways. The oldest method and one which even yet
comes up to nearly the best of the modern methods is
to pack them away in lime water in stone jars or
casks and keep in a cool place. The newest method,
and which has given good results, is to pack them

away in jars in a solution of water glass (sodium
silicate), 1 of silicate to 5 of water. The eggs should
be gathered as soon as laid and be put away at once
without longer exposure to the atmosphere than ne-
cessary.—Ed.

Fertilizing for Cow Peas.

I wish to put peas in the land now in wheat, just
as soon as the wheat is cut. Is it necessary to use
more fertilizer than was put on the land when the
wheat was sown, and how many peas (Shinney) to
the acre ? M. C.

Northumberland Co., Va.

If the land is good and the wheat was liberally
fertilized it will grow peas without further help. It
is, however, always good policy to help a pea crop as
the more luxuriant it is the more nitrogen it gathers
and the more it enriches the land. The best fertil-
izer to use is acid phosphate, 200 or 300 pounds to
the acre. Sow 1 bushel broadcast, or a peck if
drilled. — Ed.

Angora Goats.

1. What sort of fence and how high is needed for
Angora goats ?

2. Do they make good and prolific mothers ?

3. What food or care would they require in the
mountains of Southwest Virginia during winter \

4. Are they cross or gentle and docile ?

5. When should the wool be clipped ?

6. I have always used small sweet potatoes for
seed, but a neighbor claims large 'ones should be
chosen. Is he correct ? Roanoke.

1. A woven wire fence 4 feet or 4 feet 6 inches
high is the best fence for keeping goats confined,
though a plain wire fence that height with the strands
of wire 6 inches apart will suffice. A plank or rail
fence will also be sufficient if it is kept perfectly
erect. If it leans at all they will climb over it.

2. Yes.

3. They would need a shed for protection againsl
the winter storms and hay for feeding during stormy
weather.

4. They are docile and gentle.

5. In the spring or early summer.

6. Neither the smallest nor the largest shoxild be
used. A size a little below the medium will usually
make the most and strongest sprouts. — Ed.

Cold Water Paint.

In your April issue I noticed a subscriber makes
inquiry about "cold water paint." I bought some
last year from the Chicago House Wrecking Co., Tind

326

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[May,

applied it to a high board fence to test it. It seems
to be as good to-day as then, and I would say that it
was all they claim for it, making a cheap, lasting
paint for fences and outbuildings. It is quickly
prepared, easily applied, comes in a variety of colors.
In ordering one must state whether wanted for in-
side or outside use. A. H. Lang.

Ohio.

Another subscriber tells us that he has tested it
and does not find it durable. — Ed.

Chickens Eating Feathers.

My chickens are given to picking and eating their
feathers. Would be much pleased to know the reason
and what will be the best way to stop them.

Alexandria Co., Va. A. E. Smoot.

Idle hens confined in coops or yards are usually
the ones that acquire this nasty habit, and when once
acquired it is almost impossible to break it. The
best way is to turn them loose and compel them to
rustle and work for their living. Keep them on
short rations and compel them to forage for them-
selves. "If unable to do this, then spread plenty of
short litter in the yards and feed all grain in this
litter, thus compelling them to scratch for it, and
thus find them something else to do than pick each
other naked. We have heard of fanciers filing off
the point of the beak, and thus making it difficult for
the fowls to hold on to the feathers. — Ed.

Green Fallows for Tobacco.

I have four acres in German clover, two of them
have been top dressed with manure, and two of them
are fresh ground, which I had tobacco on last year,
which I top dressed with nitrate of soda, 100 pounds
to the acre. The land is chocolate loam.

1. I want to fallow this and put it in tobacco this
year. What time should I fallow it ?

2. What kind of fertilizer to use on the two pieces ?

3. Will it be calculated to sour the land or not ?

I will give my experience with German clover and
pea fallows for tobacco, and if you have room you
can publish it. I had a piece of land of six acres —
three and a half acres was in clover. This I fallow-
ed when the clover was in full bloom, dragged twice
and rolled with a heavy roller. In two weeks I bed-
ded up my land and planted tobacco on the 25th of
May and cut it the first week in September. It was
a dark green and ripened up green. I got 3,?00
pounds, which averaged 10c. per pound. Balance of
the land was in peas. These I fallowed after frost,
planted the piece in tobacco at the same time as the
other lot, and cut both together. It ripened up yellow,
and only weighed 2,200 pounds, which averaged 5c.

per pound. The land was the same and I used a
fertilizer 2, 9, 2, 800 pounds to the acre, on both lots.
I sowed the land in wheat and the clover part is
much the better. I don't know whether this was luck
or whether it is that the German clover is a better
fallow. I would like to have your idea on the mat-
ter. E. C. Spain.
Dinwiddie Co., Va.

1. Turn the clover under when coming into bloom.

2. In our last issue, page 239, you will find our
advice as to a proper fertilizer to use for the tobacco
crop. The German clover will, however, in your
case supply much of the nitrogen needed, and there
advised to be supplied, and you can therefore safely
reduce the quantity of dried blood recommended to
be used.

3. No. The land is not yet warm enough to cause
this.

Your experience with German clover and cow peas
is interesting. Whilst it is not easy to explain the
different results reached as both the crops supply
nearly the same quantity of nitrogen to the soil,
though the clover supplies somewhat more potash,
yet we think that the most probable cause of the
difference in yield in tobacco was that the German
clover covered the land all winter and up to the time
when the tobacco was planted, and in this way con-
served fertility and added to it, whilst the cow pea
crop was plowed down in the fall and the land left
bare and wasting fertility during the winter.- — Ed.

Rotation of Crops.

I have thirty acres that I would like to divide into
three lots of ten acres each and crop them so I could
get the most feed and keep up the fertility of the
land. How would the following three years' rota-
tion succeed on our land, that produces about ten
barrels of corn per acre ?

First Year — Manure and sow corn for silo. Sow
crimson clover at last working of corn.

Second Year — Plow down the crimson clover and
sow cow peas with 300 pounds of acid fertilizer per
acre for hay. After hay is cut disk and sow hairy
vetch and rye.

Third Year — Cut vetch and rye for hay, cover
with manure, to be followed by corn the next year.

Would a little red clover sowed with the rye and
vetch be any advantage? E. Thos. Masset.

Kent Co.', Md.

The rotation suggested would appear to be a proper
one for securing the purpose aimed at, and would, we
think also maintain the fertility of the land. It
would no doubt be desirable to secure a cover for the
land after the vetch and rye is cut for hay, say in

11)04. J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

327

June, until the following spring, and this would he
attained if red clover could be successfully sown with
the vetches and rye. We have known this practice
to succeed, but it is not always certain. If the vetches
and rye make a heavy crop it is apt to smother out the
clover, but the experiment is worth trying. — Ed.

Bermuda Grass.

I came here last spring from Colorado, and have
read several articles about Bermuda grass as a valu-
able pasture grass. Have asked several people
around here about it, and some say it is the so-called
wire grass. Please give me an answer whether this
is so or not. Have also read in your valuable paper
of planting Bermuda grass roots, how many bushels
per acre would it take and what would be the best
time for planting? John Guenthek.

Halifax Co., Va.

Bermuda grass is commonly called wire grass in
the South, but this grass is not what is known as wire
grass or twitch grass in the North and West. A few
bushels, probably 4 or 5, would plant an acre, as the
roots should be cut up into short lengths with a feed
cutter before being planted, and only a few of these
be dropped in the furrow as the land is plowed, say
every foot or fifteen inches. The grass should be
planted in the spring — Ed.

Rotation of Crops— Lime.

I have ninety acres of land which is enclosed with
woven wire fence and divided into three lots of thirty
acres each. I have adopted the following rotation :

Lot No. 1 — Was in cotton last year, sown to an-
nual clover at last cultivating, clover to be plowed
down in May, and land planted to corn.

Lot No. 2 — Was in corn last year and sown to
wheat and oats last fall, followed with peas after har-
vesting wheat and oats. Peas allowed to mature and
cut with rnke raper and threshed with shredder.

Lot No. 3 — Was in wheat and oats, followed with
peas, then deeply broken and subsoiled in fall and
winter and will be planted to cotton this year, and so
on until rotation is complete.

My soil is a heavy, gravely red clay loam, with
red clay subsoil. I apply four hundred pounds of
14 per cent, acid phosphate per acre to the clover, and
peas, and the manure from fifty head of stock, with
nitrate of soda or cottonseed meal on wheat and oats
during the winter and spring. I have read a great
deal in your journal about lime. Would it pay me
to buy it and haul it, my farm being fifteen miles
from the railroad? Is there no other substitute
which can be used in a less bulky form, which would
reduce the freight and hauling? I would appre-

ciate any information you would give in regard to
my rotation and the fertilizers used. I am always
glad to get the Plantee. W. A. McConnell.

Warren Co., Va.

You have adopted a rotation and a system of fer-
tilization which is bound to result in improving the
fertility of your farm, and will result in good crops.
We are of opinion that a dressing of 25 bushels of
lime to the acre once in each rotation would be found
beneficial, as it would tend to correct any tendency to
acidity and insure better stands of clover and finer
wheat. There is no substitute for lime for the pur-
poses for which it is beneficial, correcting acidity and
making available inert fertility in the soil. — Ed.

Navy Beans— Velvet Beans.

1. What kind of soil suits them ?

2. How to fertilize ?

3. How far to plant in rows ?

4. How to harvest?

5. What is yield on good soil ?

6. Do velvet beans make good hay cured like raw
peas? P. E. Gabbett.

King and Queen Co., Va.

1. In the North, where the Navy bean is largely
grown, it is usually said that it will grow on almost
any kind of soil, even on that too poor to grow other
crops, but a good loamy soil not overrich is the best.
When the soil is too rich the crop runs more to vine
than to beans.

2. If the soil is thin and poor, give a complete fer-
tilizer having about 2 per cent, ammonia, 7 per cent,
phosphoric acid, and 6 or 7 per cent, potash. Mix
1,200 pounds acid phosphate, 500 pounds cotton seed
meal, and 25 pounds muriate of potash, and apply
at the rate of 300 or 400 pounds to the acre.

3. Plant in rows 2 feet 6 inches apart and 8 or 10
inches apart in the row.

4. A small crop is usually pulled or cut with a
scythe or mower, and cured in- ricks like peanuts.
There is a bean harvester made and sold in the North
specially for harvesting this crop.

5. From 20 to 40 bushels to the acre. This crop
can be grown successfully in the South. It should
not be planted before June. Cultivate the crop two
or three times, hut never when the vines are wet with
rain or dew, or they will mildew. The most difficult
business is the harvesting of it, as the beans are then
so easily spoilt by rain, being discolored quickly and
then have to be sold at a low price comparatively.

fi. Velvet beans are not a desirable crop to make
into hay. They make such an enormous tangled
irrowth that neither man nor machine can handle

328

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

them. They are fit only to use aa an improver of

the soil — Ed.

Buckwheat and Clover.

I notice in an agricultural paper a writer recom-
mends the sowing in July of red clover and buck-
wheat to obtain a stand of clover. Would you ad-
vise the sowing together of these two crops in this
section ? Oscar Justice.

Rutherford Co., N. C.

We know one or two farmers in Middle Virginia
who sow buckwheat and crimson clover together in
July, and speak well of the practice. They say that
the buckwheat shades the clover and protects it from
the hot sun, and that after the buckwheat is cut the
clover makes rapid growth. We think the practice
is worth testing with red clover as well as with the
crimson. — Ed.

Diseased Plum Tree.

Find enclosed a knot or growth that is ruining my
blue plum trees. What is the name of disease and
whal is remedy for same? H. Godwin.

Worcester Co., Md.

The disease affecting the tree is the Black Knot.
The only remedy is to cut out all'parts of the trees
affected. If the knots are not carefully cut out from
every tree on which they appear the disease will
spread and kill all the trees. — Ed.

Barreness of Fig Trees.

Noting the enquiry in a recent issue as to a cure
for a barren fig tree, our subscriber, Mr. C. De Bruyn
Kops, of Wake, Va., kindly sends us the following
letter on the subject, which he received from Prof.
Massey, of the North Carolina Experiment Station,
in response to an enquiry, with permission to publish
the same.— Ed:

In reply to yours of the 27th, it is probable that
the fig you have is a seedling from one of the im-
ported dried figs, for the seed when scattered grow
freely. Seedlings of the Smyrna fig will never hold
their fruit here, as we have not the little wasp or
Blastophaga which is used tor setting the fruit in
the south of Europe. Recently the Government has
succeeded in introducing this insect into California.
with the wild Capri fig, on which it mainly lives, and
the California folks are growing the Smyrna fig for
drving. I have grown many seedlings from the
Smyrna fig here, but never had one to hold its fruit.
The figs we grow here are of a different class, and
are self fertile. I had at one time nearly 100 varie-

ties of figs, but many of the best ones are too tender
for any location north of the orange belt, and I have
run down to a few varieties. The Celestial or Chi-
nese fig is a small and very hardy fig, which can be
eaten out of hand, skin and all, when ripe, while
others have an acrid juice in the skin. Of the larger
figs, I find the Brunswick the best for our use, though
the Brown Turkey is grown here more than any other,
and there is a large black fig grown in the eastern
part of this State which is quite hardy, but of very
poor quality. I received from the Department of
Agriculture this spring cuttings of several new figs
that are said to be fine and hardy. They are all
rooted and doing well. It is useless to try to do any-
thing with a fig that drops its fruit. Better buy
trees of reliable sorts. You can get the plants in the
spring from P. J. Berckmans Co., Augusta, Ga.

W. E. Massey.

Disease of Sheep.

I have lost several sheep this spring. They would
first get poor and droopy and then die, though well
fed all winter with corn and fodder. When opened,
1 found their intestines covered all over on the out-
side with little hard knots or lumps, from the size of
a large shot to a pea. Can you give me the causi of
this intestinal disease and the remedy ?

Spotsylvania Co., Va. D. J. Waxleb.

The disease affecting the sheep is a parasitic one,
technically called CEsophagostoma, but commonly
known as the "nodular disease" or "knotty guts."
The parasite is encysted in the little nodules and
cannot therefore be reached by any treatment. It
is probable that the whole flock will be more or less
affected with it, and the safest course is to feed them
and send to the butcher. It is believed that the para-
site, or its embryo, is taken in by the sheep when
grazing on low, wet land. Sheep should be kept off
these lands to be kept healthy. — Ed.

Drying a Cow.

Please tell me how to dry a cow that is giving
milk, especially if she is fresh to the pail.

Chesterfield Co., Va. A. S. Collier.

A cow may soon be dried by only partially milking
her for a few days, and by only milking her every
other day for a time, and later by milking her only
once a week just to strip out the bag for a few times.
Of course a cow fresh to the pail will require more
care in drying than one which has been long milking
or her udder may become caked and ruined. Whilst
drying her keep her on a poor pasture or dry feed
and without grain feed.- — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

329

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The long continued cold dry weather has caused
such crops as have been already planted to make very
slow germination and growth, and it is well that this
has been the case, as the frosts of the last few days
(18th to 21st April) have been so sharp and general
from the East to the West of the tier of Southern At-
lantic States as to cause great destruction of such
growth as had broken through the ground. Even in
Tidewater Virginia close to the ocean, beans, peas,
Irish potatoes and strawberries have been badly cut
down, and further inland everything growing has
been badly injured. Fortunately the actual amount
of damage done has not been so great as would have
been the case had we had a normal spring. Its late-
ness prevented the planting and growing of crops,
and this has been the salvation of the truckers. The
dry weather has, however, been of great service, as it
has permitted a fine preparation of the land, and
crops will now go into seed beds which will ensure
early germination and quick growth as soon as the
normal warmth of the season sets in. It is to be
hoped that this will not now be longer delayed.

Every effort should now be made to get the crops
planted as quickly as possible, and this will mean
constant work from sun up to dark, in order that ar-
rears may be caught up. Snap beans, lima and but-
ter beans, pole beans, cucumbers, squashes, sweet
corn, melons, and cucumbers may be planted and set
out as the ground is got ready. Care should be taken
to have all plants which have been raised in the hot
beds well hardened off before they are set out or they
are certain to suffer.

and they make a good yield, but not so heavy as the
climbing; varieties.

Beans and peas should not be planted in very rich
ground, as such land has a tendency to cause them to
run to vine instead of seed. It should be in a state of
good fertility sufficient to cause moderate growth of
vine. Successional crops of English peas should be
planted as soon as possible in order that they may
make their growth and seed before the hot weather
sets in, as this is very liable to cause mildew in this
crop. Plant all these crops in long, straight rows
wide enough apart so that they can be worked with
horse power. In planting lima, butter and pole beans
see that the poles are well set in the ground, so that
they will not be easily blown over. Dwarf lima
beans will save the cost and trouble of setting poles,

Irish potatoes may still be planted for a succes-
sional crop, and sweet potatoes may be set out towards
The end of the month. In planting sweet potatoes,
select good, light, loamy land in a good state of fer-
tility, but not over rich, as this has a tendency to
cause the crop to make too much vine. If the land
is not sufficiently fertile to supply the needed food
which is mainly nitrogen and potash, a fertilizer
made up of 150 pounds of muriate of soda or 350
pounds of cotton seed meal or partly of the nitrate
and partly of the meal, which is better than either
alone, 100 pounds of acid phosphate and 100 pounds
of muriate of potash, or 350 pounds of kainit should
be applied per acre, and be well worked into the land
before setting out the slips. Do not be in too great
a hurry to set out the slips, as they never do much
growing until the ground becomes well warmed.

Successional crops of sweet corn should be planted
every week or ten days up to the end of July in order
to secure a succession of ears into the fall.

Cucumbers, canteloupes and melons should be
planted as soon as the ground is warm. Have the
land well prepared and lay off so that the hills of
canteloupes and cucumbers shall be 4 feet 6 inches or
5 feet apart each way, and melons be twice this dis-
tance apart. Put a good shovelful of rotted manure
or compost into each hill and add a handful of high
grade fertilizer having an analysis of 6 or 7 per cent,
of ammonia, 4 per cent, of phosphoric acid, and 7
per cent, of potash, and work this into the compost
and cover with 3 or 4 inches of nice light soil which
make compact, and then plant 4 or 5 seeds in each
hill. After the plants have got into the rough leaf
thin out to two plants in each hill. Keep well culti-
vated until the vines begin to run. Keep a sharp
look out for melon btigs. To ensure protection from
these pests, the plants should be covered with plant
bod muslin stretched over light frames. Dusting the
plants with bone meal when wet with dew will often
prevent the bugs from hurting the plants if they are
not in great numbers.

Egg plants require rich, light land and a warm
situation. Give plenty of well rotted manure and a

330

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

handful of good fertilizer to each plant. Look out
for potato bugs on these plants. They are as de-
structive to them as to Irish potatoes. Paris green
should be applied to both this crop and the Irish po-
tato crop as soon as the bugs are seen. It may be
applied either as powder or in water — one pound of
Paris green to ten pounds of flour, or one pound of
Paris green to 175 gallons of water, is about the right
proportion.

Tomato plants should be hardened off and set out
as soon as the ground is ready. Set in rows 3 feet
apart and 3 feet apart in the rows. A light sandy
loam high and well drained is the ideal land for to-
matoes, and this should then have the proper plant
food supplied in close touch with the plants, though
well mixed with the soil. It is not desirable to en-
courage wide root growth of tomatoes as this tends to
over-production of vines and light fruiting. The use
of rotted barnyard manure is very conducive to the
good growth of tomatoes, especially where the soil
lacks vegetable matter in its composition. A com-
bination of manure and fertilizer usually does best
as the manure lacks sufficient nitrogen to meet the
needs of the crop, which, in this respect, are large.
A proper fertilizer may be made for using along with
the manure of 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 150
pounds of muriate of potash, using this at the rate of
500 pounds to the acre, and mixing same with the
manure and soil, and then apply 100 pounds of ni-
trate of soda to the acre by sprinkling a handful on
each hill at the time of setting the plants. After the
plants have commenced to grow freely a further ap-
plication of 50 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre
on the hills may be made with advantage. Do not
let the nitrate come in contact with the leaves of the
plants or with the roots or it will injure them. In
the foregoing we have had in mind the tomato crop in
the garden for home use, and not the commercial
crop as grown for the canneries. In an article in
this issue we deal with this crop and refer our readers
interested in the subject thereto.

Keep the cultivator running in all growing crops
at every opportunity to force growth and keep down
weeds.

See that crates and baskets are on hand for ship-
ping the strawberry, dewberry and blackberry crops
as they ripen, and have all arrangements made with
express companies and commission men for handling
the same, so that when the crops are ready for pick-

ing they may he quickly put on the markets. Ship
everything in new, clean baskets and crates, and see
that only the best are shipped as "prime." Let the
others go plainly marked "seconds." This will en-
sure the best prices all round.

TOMATO GROWING FOR THE CANNERIES.

In many counties of this State and Maryland the
business of canning tomatoes is becoming a large one,
with the result that farmers are finding it to their
advantage to give more attention to the production
of the tomato than when it was grown simply for the
supply of the markets as a vegetable. Whilst in pro-
ducing the crop as a vegetable the first necessity is to
secure an early fruiting so as to obtain the high prices
of the early market, in producing for the canneries
the prime object is to secure a large yield of mature
fruit, ripening well all the fruit before the advent of
frost. The points to he observed in raising this crop
are: 1. The selection of the variety. 2. The growing
of the plants. 3. The selection and preparation of the
soil. 4. The fertilizing and cultivating of the crop.
The first two points should already have received at-
tention. The variety selected should be a one that
produces a large smooth solid fruit though often more
attention is paid to size than solidity or smoothness.
Very frequently local varieties are preferred to those
offered by the seedsmen as being acclimated and
adapted to local conditions. The plants are raised in
the same way as for the market or home crop in cool
frames or in a sheltered place protected from the
north and northwest winds. Care should be taken not
to sow the seed too thickly so that the plants ma\ not
be drawn or spindling but have good fibrous roots.
The young plants should he encouraged to grow by
frequent cultivation so that they may be ready to set
out in this and the following month. Any good soil
adapted to the growth of Irish potatoes will grow to-
matoes but if possible a clover sod or pea fallow
should be selected as those crops will have enriched
the soil with nitrogen and made it retentive of mois-
ture. Deep and frequent cultivation should be given
before the crop is set out in order to render available
t lie plant food in the soil and to permit of |]ie easy
permeation of the tine rootlets of the plants. The
fertilization of the land should be of such a character
as will furnish an abundance of all the elements of
plant food and especially of potash. A crop of 10
tons of tomatoes with the accompanying vines wil)
contain 57 pounds of nitrogen, 16 pounds of phos-
phoric acid and 04 pounds of potash. A fairly ijood

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

331

soil will in a favourable season without the applica-
tion of any fertilizer produce 5 or 6 tons to the acre
and therefore to secure a maximum production an
application of 500 pounds to the acre of a mixture
made np of nitrate of soda 400 pounds, bone tankage
700 pounds, acid phosphate 400 pounds, and muriate
of potash 500 pounds, should be made. This appli-
cation will provide about one-half of the nitrogen,
two-thirds as much potash and all the phosphoric acid
called for by a 10-ton crop. For a poor soil 500
pounds of nitrate of soda, 500 pounds of bone tank-
age, 400 pounds of acid phosphate and 600 pounds of
potash should be mixed and applied at the rate of
from 750 pounds to 1,000 pounds to the acre. Tbe
use of nitrate of soda as the source of the nitrogen
secures a quick growth of the plant and prevents a
too late growth because of the exhaustion of the nitro-
gen from its rapid availability. If the crop is planted
on a clover sod or on a pea fallow the amount of
nitrate of soda used may be considerably reduced
without risk to the crop. The fertilizer should be ap
plied in the rows and be well mixed with the soil by
running a cultivator through each row. The plants
should be set out four feet apart each way and cultiva-
tion should begin at once and be frequent but shal-
low. Twenty tons to the acre have been frequently
grown but the average yield is usually from 8 to 10
tons.

CULTIVATING AND MANURING ORCHARDS.

Editor Sou/hern Planter:

Of our many sins of omission there are few that
the average man is more persistent in than in neg-
lecting his orchard. Even when the orchard is
planted with the view of selling the fruit it is ex-
pected, in farm language, to find itself and give big
returns or get big abuse. That is, to bear heavily
without either cultivation or manuring to speak of.

Nevertheless attention given fruit trees pays as
well as attention to any other part of the farm, pro-
vided always that it is judiciously given. And when
it is remembered that fruit is almost, and probably
equally as essential to health as meat, it will be seen
that attention sufficient to keep up the orchard pays
well if there is no intention of selling the fruit.

When orchards are manured, which is rarely, it is
nearly always illy proportioned manure or fertilizer.
Stable manure alone is most frequently used. Stable
manure being rich in ammonia and comparatively
poor in potash and phosphoric acid the result is much
wood and little fruit or fruit that is apt to rot. That

is, I mean when the manure is liberally used which
is not often the case. For rarely is any kind of
manure used in sufficient quantities to affect the trees
to any great extent. Still even these small applica-
tions will be profitable in proportion to their quantity
by seeing that they contain in the right proportions
the essential fertilizing properties of ammonia, pot-
ash and phosphoric acid. The stable manure could be
most profitably used elsewhere. A crop of cow peas
can be grown in the orchard sufficient to afford all
the ammonia the trees will need to grow fruit well.
This pea crop will need no fertilizing except potash
and phosphoric acid, both of which are much cheaper
than ammonia costing only about one-third as much
per pound. These two are also most essential to get
a crop of fine fruit.

A good plan would be to broadcast 100 pounds of
sulphate of potash and 300 pounds of acid phosphate
or dissolved bone to the acre, distributing them evenly
over the whole ground. The land should then be
broken up and cow peas sown in drills about three
feet apart. It will take one bushel of peas to the
acre. They will need no cultivation with the hoe and
only two or three plowings with a small tooth culti-
vator.

While sulphate of potash is more expensive than
ordinary fertilizer it is exceedingly rich in potash
(about 50 per cent.) and as only a small quantity of
it is to be used it is not expensive considering the
splendid results it gives. It is decidedly the best
form in which to apply potash to any kind of fruit,
giving fine size and color. Acid phosphate or dis-
solved bone while not as rich in phosphoric acid as
sulphate of potash is in potash is much cheaper,
making the cost per pound about the same.

The peas can be saved and the vines cut for forage
which should fully pay the expense of the crop. The
pea stubble, which is rich in ammonia, can then be
turned under, affording all the ammonia needed and
also leaving the soil in most excellent mechanical con-
dition. When the trees grow very large they will to
sonic extent overshadow and lessen the pea crop, but
if the above plan is persisted in by that time the or-
chard will be bearing such a fine crop of handsome
fruit as to well repay all cost of manuring, etc.

Whether the orchard contains 10 trees or 10,000
it will pay to cultivate and manure it as above de-
scribed. The cultivation should be shallow the plow-
ing in the peas being done with a light, small tooth
cultivator. This cultivating, if properly and timely
done, will also have a wonderfully beneficial effect
in conserving the moisture. An orchard of fruit in

332

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

which the crust is kept broken in a drought retains an
amount of moisture above that of an uncultivated
piece of ground that is simply astonishing and would
be incredible if it was not an established fact proven
by the most authentic tests. However, any man can
establish this fact by taking the trouble during a
drought to dig into a cultivated field and compare that
with one on which the crust has been allowed to
harden and remain unbroken.

0. W. Blackball.
Kittrell, N. C.

FIGHTING PLANT DISEASES AND INJURIOUS IN-
SECTS.

Editor Southern Planter:

During this month many of the plant parasites will
begin their work of destruction upon the crops of the
farmer and horticulturist. Those who have not pre-
pared to fight these parasites will nearly always come
out losers. Spraying machines should be kept in
order and a supply of paris green, blue stone and
lime kept on hand. Of course, for plant diseases,
one or two sprayings should have been given the trees
before the leaves come out, but for bitter rot of the
apple, which is about the most serious disease of this
fruit in the State, it may be best to wait till the fruit
is well formed before spraying begins. However, it
is not known yet what is the best method of treat-
ment for this disease. The Virginia Experiment Sta-
tion has just issued a good bulletin upon the subject
which should be in the hands of all those who own
orchards.

While pruning a neighbor's orchard recently I no-
ticed many instances of twig blight and cankered
places on young trees that had just begun to bear.
All such diseased parts should be carefully taken out
and burned. If this be not done and we should have
anything like a wet season much of the fruit in the
orchard would be damaged by bitter rot and many
limbs would blight.

Twig blight of pear, apple and quince will make its
appearance this month. All blighted twigs should be
kept cut out some twelve inches below the diseased
areas.

The tent caterpillar often does much damage to
orchards. These insects can be easily destroyed if
taken while very small. Early in the morning while
it is cool, the insects will usually be found "at home"
and can easily be "twisted out" by use of a small
switch or limb and then all can then be crushed
under the foot. These insects are often found in

large numbers upon wild cherry trees and scattered
apple trees over the farm. These should be destroyed
with as much care as those that appear in the orchard
to lessen the number of "tents" that would appear in
the orchard next year.

Cedar trees should be noticed for "cedar balls"
which will have gummy exudations on them during
damp weather in this month. Spores come from these
balls to the foliage of the apple trees and cause a
leaf blight. The leaves turn yellow and fall off.
These "cedar balls" should be destroyed. Large
knots occur on limbs of plum and cherry trees. Spores
come out from them and infect other trees, frequent-
ly killing the trees entirely. These should be cut out
at once and burned.

The woolly aphis is frequently found around the
roots of apple trees and sometimes whole orchards
are seriously affected by this insect. Tobacco dust is
^ne of the best things to spread around the trunks of
trees for this insect. If the tops of the trees have
been sprayed for scale insects all forms of the woolly
aphis that may have occurred in the tops of the trees
were destroyed. It is very difficult to fight San
Jose scale after the trees have leafed out. So much
has been written about this insect that it is not nec-
essary to write more at this time.

The roots of apple and peach trees should .be ex-
amined carefully for borers. Later on borers may
eat around the trees and cause them to die suddenly
without warning to the orchardist.

A small sharp pointed knife is a good tool for this
work. Look for saw-dust like particles or gummy
exudations on the ground at the base of the trees
caused by the borers.

For information concerning the preparation and
application of fungicides and insecticides, the reader
is referred to the spray calendar published in the
March issue of the Planter this year and last year.

Montgomery Co. R. H. Price.

COMBINING POULTRY AND FRUIT.

The combining of poultry and fruit raising is
doubly advantageous ; the poultry keeping down in-
sects, grubs, worms that injure either the trees or the
fruit, or both, and the trees furnishing much needed
shade for the poultry. In the apple, pear and peach
orchard the advantages gained from having the poul-
try run in it are very great. Not only do the fowls
keep insects and worms in subjection, btit the scratch-
ing and wallowing in the freshly cultivated soil keeps
the droppings stirred in and mixed with the soil so
the feeding roots can reach them, and it will be
found that the soil will need less frequent cultivating.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

333

Live Stock and Dairy.

SHEEP DIPPING AT EDGEW00D.

Editor Southern Planter:

It is dreadful to think of the suffering that sheep
endure from scab, ticks and lice. When it is possible
to eradicate these pests it seems strange that flock
owners will allow their flocks to suffer thus. Besides,
it is a big expense to feed these parasites, to say noth-
ing of losses through the poor appearance of the
flock. Scab is the worst form of parasite, but for-
tunately it is not common in the South. The sheep
tick is our most common parasite and it is the easiest
to destroy. When this number of the Southern
Planter reaches you, you will be ready to shear
your sheep. When the fleece is taken off the old sheep,
the ticks go to the lambs and by dipping the lambs
the day after shearing you will kill nearly every
tick and prepare the lambs for putting on better gains
for the last month before marketing. Some prefer
dipping the whole flock to make sure of the thing and
I am inclined to think it is best and the plan I pro-
pose is so simple that it adds very little to the labor
to put the whole flock through. In my opinion one
dipping a year only holds ticks in check, as there
must always be a large number of eggs present at
the time of dipping. To satisfy myself on this point
I took a lamb that had been dipped and examined it
with the greatest care. I found on this lamb twenty
eggs or tick cocoons. I may have overlooked some.
These ticks are hatched out within ten days, so that a
second dipping after ten days will get all of these
young ticks. A third dipping in the fall will help
clean out these pests. There remains much to be
learned about the sheep tick. I have noticed one
sheep in a large flock that had been the year before
cleaned of the ticks, which was literally covered with
ticks, while the rest of the flock seemed about free
of them. Where did these ticks come from and why
did they single out this particular sheep? I have
known the same thing to be true in regard to chicken
lice. This one sheep must be choice tick mutton.

I will describe our dipping outfit for the benefit of
those who desire to dip their flocks this spring. This
outfit has no patent on it, can be made by any good
carpenter for the sum of $12, and is very simple in
the working.

I would, however, recommend that the tank that
goes in the ground be ordered from some firm that
manufactures galvanized troughs and tanks. It
should be four feet deep, sixteen inches wide, and
should have one side sloping at an agle of 60 degrees.

The reason I suggest the galvanized tank is that we
found it very difficult to keep the wooden tank from
leaking. We had our tank made of tongued and
grooved stuff, but the swelling and shrinking opened
the joints and we were forced to use paraffin for stop-
ping leaks the second year. The metal tank increases
the first cost, but it will save in the end and it will
make an outfit that will last for years.

If you get the metal tank, the frame work over the
tank, which has the trap-doors attached to it can .be
easily fitted right over the metal tank and the drain-
ing pen can be made to fit into the mouth of the tank.
A board with cleets nailed to it can be slipped down
the mouth of the tank to enable the sheep to walk out.

Referring to figure 1, you will see general plan.
The offset shown in figure is not necessary, as the
metal tank can slope up from the bottom. The dis-
tance from A to B is four feet. The posts A and B
need be only about three feet, just high enough to
keep a sheep from undertaking a jump. The trap-
doors are made of inch oak and hinged with three
strong hinges on each side, so that they naturally
fall down on the inside of the tank. As the tank is
just sixteen inches wide, the trapdoors make the open-
ing through which the sheep drops only fourteen
inches. It will take a good sheep to wedge in that
opening. The tank should be narrow to prevent old
sheep turning in it.

The trapdoors are ^^
shown in one part of
figure 2 at E and E.
These trapdoors are
only eight inches wide,
and are pulled up by a
rope that divides and is
fastened to the far end
of the doors. The rope
runs over a pulley above
and is worked by the
man who controls the
trapdoors. The trap-
doors are held up by
an iron plate four inches wide by six inches long,
which is welded on an iron rod, which runs through

334

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

post B and the one opposite. The rod is turned by an
old crank. When the trapdoors are down, the opera-
tor first lifts them into position with the rope, then
with a turn of the crank brings the iron plate up
under the doors. With the lever power at his dis-
posal the operator can easily hold the weight of a
one hundred and fifty pound sheep up, so he needs to
hold the doors until the sheep walks on them and then
by releasing the crank, the sheep takes the plunge.
As is shown in figure 2 there is a sliding door, which
we may call G that is held up by a rope while the
sheep walks on the trapdoors and is dropped as the
sheep drops to prevent him from walking right out of
the tank. This should be a closed door instead of an
open one, so as to prevent the sheep from putting its
feet through the slats in its efforts to climli out. The
draining pen is eight feet long and the bottom of it is
made of tongued and grooved lumber. It is well to

should be allowed to remain swimming in the tank for
one minute. In case of scab the sheep should be rub-
bed with a stick or brush for three minutes before it
is allowed to leave tank. The sheep go upon the trap-
doors easily when they see their companions mount-
ing to the draining pen beyond. Sometimes a sheep
is ready to plunge into the foaming bath after the
leader, before the trapdoors are raised. It is not
hard work. In fact, we had much fun watching the
different ways the sheep took the dive. It was as
much fun as watching a lot of boys jumping from a
spring board into the surf.

There are many good dips which mix with cold
water readily, such as Daytholeum, Zenoleum, Chlor-
onaptholeum. These dips, especially the first, will
not stain the wool and will not cause the ewes to wean
their lambs. Any of them will send the tick to his
eternal resting place in a few minutes, if mixed ac-

havo this a little wider than the tank, so that a large | cording to directions.

H. B. Aebuckle.

sheep will not waste so much dip by squeezing up
against the sides. In this case the end next to the
tank should be narrowed down to fit the tank exactly
and care must be taken to keep this draining pen
nearly level, or the stream of dip rushing back to-
wards the tank will overflow on the low side. This
draining pen is a great saving of dip. By this simple
arrangement it is possible to dip 200 head of sheep
without refilling the tank. At the far end of the
draining pen is a sliding door, which keeps the sheep
in the pen for a few minutes. The man who works
the trapdoors can let them out, when the pen gets full.
It is a fine idea to squeeze the wool of the sheep that
have heavy fleece, as you can thus save a large quan-
tity of dip.

This tank should be sunk into the ground within
one foot of the top and placed just outside the door
of the sheep shed, where the sheep are in the habit
of leaving the shed. A chute should be built in the
shed to direct the sheep to the exit.

Fill tank to within eighteen inches of the top and
get ready for business.

Fifty sheep are forced into a pen leading into the
chute. A boy is needed to keep them crowded up to-
wards the chute. A man stands just inside the chute
near the door to work the sliding door that keeps
sheep in the tank and to make the sheep come towards
the tank one by one. Another man works the trap-
doors and the door at end of draining pen. When
a sheep walks on the trapdoors, the crank is released
and the sheep takes a dive, generally head first, disap-
pearing from view and rising on the swim, before it
can say b-a-a. In dipping for ticks and lice the sheen

Maxivelton, W. Va.

In this issue will be found advertisements of Sheep

Dips which we know to be thoroughly effective. — Ed.

ALWAYS TWO SIDES TO A QUESTION.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the February Planter appears an article, en-
titled "The Large Versus the Small Dairy Cow." In
this, the writer concludes that the Holstein cow is
much superior to the Jersey. He quotes at some
length the result of a test made by the Wisconsin
Experiment Station, in which the Holstein came out
with flying colors. He gives a table of figures show-
ing the result of the test from which I take the fol-
lowing :

Holstein. Jersey.

Annual cost of food $46.46 $35.22

Annual net profit 48.47 41.88

Thus the Holstein cost annually $11.24 more than
the Jersey.

Now, Mr. Editor, it occurred to me that the Jer-
sey was not fairly treated in this test, and I set out
to work out the problem in this way. I assumed that
my neighbor had three Holstein cows, each of which
cost him for their annual keep $40.46, making for the
three $139.38. Each of these cows gave him a net
profit over expenses of $48.47, making for the three
$145.41.

Now, I take four small Jerseys, which nearly bal-
ance the three II"lsteins in weight, and they cost me
for their annual keep, according to this test, $35.22
each, making $140.88 for the four, $1.50 more than

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

335

the three Holstein. They give me in net profit
$41.88 each, making for the four $167.52. Now to
recapitulate :

3 Holsteins cost for keep $139.38

4 Jerseys cost for keep 140.8S

3 Holsteins make net profit 145.57

4 Jerseys make net profit 107.52

Which shows that while the Jerseys only cost $1.50
more to keep, they made $22.11 more profit. Its
only a question as to which give the most work, tak-
ing care of three big Holsteins or four small Jerseys.
As for the hardiness of the Jerseys, I think they are
all right in this State, though they may not he able
to stand the cold of Wisconsin and other Northwest-
ern States. I do not blame them for that, I had to
leave that climate myself on account of the cold.
Respectfully submitted,

I. St. Pieeee.
Amelia Co., Va.

TEXAS FEVER.

In our last issue we published on page 264 a com-
munication from Mr. Cobbs, of Orange county, Va.,
giving a receipt for the prevention of Texas fever.
By some carelessness in the printing office this be-
came so mixed up in the "make up" as to be unintel-
ligible. It should read as follows: Salt 5 quarts,
slaked lime 1 quart, sulphur 5 tablespoonsful, pul-
verized saltpeter 3 tablespoonsful. Mix thoroughly
and give in place of salt to the cattle at least twice a
week. Mr. Cobbs says that using this he never had
a case of Texas fever amongst his cattle.

HAY SUBSTITUTES FOR STOCK FEEDING.

In our March issue we published the first part of
an article on this subject from Prof. Nourse, of
Blacksburg Experiment Station, in which was in-
cluded a table giving the yield of milk at the begin-
ning and end of the period of feeding. Unfortu-
nately a mistake was made in the captions at the head
of the columns to which our attention has been called
by a subscriber. The yield is described as "per day."
This should read "per week." The figures . them-
selves are sufficient to show the existence of an error
somewhere in the table, as cows giving 247 pounds
of milk per day, as there recorded, are unknown.
We regret that we overlooked the error in the hurry
of correcting the proofs.

A FEW LIVE STOCK REMEDIES FROM PRACTI-
CAL STOCKMEN.

Mr. J. 0. Thomas, of Isle of Wight county, Va.,
the well-known curer of the celebrated Smithfield
Hams, and himself an old farmer and hog keeper,
says that he gets so much valuable information from
the Plantee that he feels it only right that he should
contribute something that may be of service to other
farmers.

FOE DISEASED HOGS.

Arsenic, he says, is one of the best medicines for
hogs when threatened with cholera or when a sow is
weak in the loins or cannot walk from diseased kid-
neys, or when she has been served and not proved
with pig. He gives the arsenic in doses of a tea-
spoonful for a grown hog every other day until they
have had three doses. He gives the arsenic on a
piece of meat, buttered bread, or anything you can
get the hogs to take.

FOE SCODES IN HOESES.

Take a small bunch of sweet mint, such as you use
in a julep and cut it fine on a plate, and then sprinkle
it on a feed of bran, meal or oats. If given to a
mare suckling a colt, it will have the desired effect
on the colt, or the juice may be given with milk to a
colt which is being hand raised.

Another subscriber gives the following remedies:

FOE GEUBS IN THE BACKS OF CATTLE.

Moisten a cloth with coal oil and rub every other
day on the backs of the cattle, being careful to touch
each place where there is a grub. This will kill all
the grubs, and they can then be squeezed out with the
thumb and finger. Two or three applications are
sufficient.

WAETS ON HOESES.

Pure hog lard applied twice a week will remove
all seed warts from horses.

SCRATCHES.

Horses suffering from scratches should have the
legs washed with warm soap suds, then be rinsed with
clean water and be rubbed dry. Then apply pure
white lead ground in oil. Wherever the lead gets
rubbed off apply again each night. Keep the horses
out of mud and water and the scratches will soon dis-
appear.

FOB REMOVING A FOREIGN SUBSTANCE FROM THE EYE
OF A HORSE.

Mr. J. M. Hughes, of Surry county, says that if
the depression over the eye is filled with pure hog
lard at night the foreign substance in the eye will
usually be released before morning, though some-
times two or three applications are needed.

S36

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

The Poultry Yard.

BROODING AND CARE OF BROODER CHICKS.

Experience has taught me that common sense and
judgment play an important part in the care and
feeding of chicks to promote health and growth. I
believe it would be a hard task to find two experi-
enced poultrymen who care for chicks the same. I
will give you a few words on my work with them.
On taking the chicks from the incubators I place
seventy-five in number under each hover in my hot
water brooder house, the temperature in the hover
being about 00 degrees. After twenty-four hours I
feed them a little bread moistened with milk; at the
same time a little B grade Steelcut Oat Meal (known
as pinhead). They have access to sand, fine grit,
charcoal and oyster shell from the start.

The first few days I feed very light : commence
placing fine, dry, ground chick feed, such as oats,
wheat, millet, sunflower seed, barley, com. etc., in the
litter of the pens, which is chaff about two inches
deep. I follow nature as closely as possible — make
the chicks work for their feed ; they need the exer-
cise. Feed four to five times daily the first two
weeks, but sparingly during the day. giving them all
they will eat for their supper. I feed very little soft
feed. Occasionally a mash composed of fine oat-
meal, corn-meal, charcoal and a little cayenne pepper.
If they show any signs of bowel trouble, I substitute
black pepper.

The second week I commence giving them, along
with their other feed, a little green stuff, such as
turnip tops, clover, cabbage, horseradish leave,-, etc. :
also, occasionally, fresh ground meat straps.

When the chicks are two and a half to three weeks
old, I let them in their outdoor runs a few hours each
day, the weather permitting. They have access to
dust boxes. The temperattire under the hovers,
started at 90 the first week, is gradually reduced to
85 the second week, then to about 80 the third week.
Continued extreme heat causes them to feather out
too soon, which weakens them. The hovers are con-
structed so the chicks can go out and in at will, the
same as under a hen. My hovers have ventilators in
the top. When chicks are too cold, they will crowd ;
when too warm, they will be restless and pant. At
night, when yon find them scattered under the hovers,
lying on their little bellies, with necks stretched, you
can rest assured they are comfortable and contented.
After one has had a little experience with brooder
chicks, he can almost tell by looking at the chicks if
the temperature is about right.

Give the chicks plenty of fresh air and sunshine ;
also, keep fresh water before them in suitable foun-
tains, which will prevent them getting damp. Clean

pens several times a week. Cleanliness is an abso-
lute necessity.

I usually keep the chicks in the brooder seven
weeks, the temperature having been reduced to about
75 degrees. At this time, I place them in outside
houses, where they are allowed to run at will in nice
weather. Their feed from this time on consists of
hulled oats, whole wheat, cracked corn, etc. They
get plenty of green food and bugs by having free
range. These outside houses are built large enough
to accommodate fifty chicks. In bad weather they
are shut in and fed inside. Chicks and fowls need
plenty of room. These houses are used during the
summer, and until time to place the chickens in
winter quarters.

Look out for lice and mites from the start. While
incubator chicks do not have them to start with, there
are many ways in which they get them. An ounce
of preventative is worth a pound of cure. Lice put
a stop to growth.

It is important to have chicks that are hatched
from eggs laid by good, healthy stock. It is impos-
sible to have strong chicks from weak stock. The
best of food and care will not remedy this fault.- — -
77. Heath, in Poultry Success.

(Mr. Heath raises from 3,000 to 5,000 chickens
every year. — Ed.)

CHICKS NEED ASH AND GRIT.

The importance of animal matter and the value of
grit for growing chicks has been thoroughly investi-
gated by W. P. Wheeler, of the Xew York Experi-
ment Station, and the results published in a recent
bulletin. As chicks often show a gain of 1,500 per
cent, in weight in ten weeks, and ducks may add from
50 to 100 per cent, to their weight weekly, it is pat-
ent to every one that they need the proper kinds of
food in order to develop properly. Something like
10 per cent, of the body of an average fowl is made
up of mineral matter or "ash." Grain foods do not
supply more than 3 to 6 per cent, of ash, hence the
needed amount must come from other sources.

The test shows that unless sufficient bone-making
materia] is provided, the bones will be small, soft and
weak, resulting often in lameness and deformity, or
the development will be slow. The necessary amount
of bone-building material is easiest supplied in fine
raw or cooked bone. Clean grit and sharp sand are
also very useful and should always be provided in
abundance. For ducks, the fastest and most profit-
able gains can only be made where animal matter is
supplied in addition to grain.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

387

The Horse.

NOTES.

Scarcely a day passes but that I am in receipt of
evidence as to the pronounced value of The
Peantee as an advertising medium from patrons and
subscribers alike. This applies to all classes of live
stock, and includes the stallions whose names appear
in the advertising colums. More mares are being
bred this season than during any previous vear that I
recall. The Spring Garden stallions, Burlingame
and Lissak, are receiving patronage, as is Great
Stakes, 2 :20 ; Chorister, son of Falsetto ; Kelly,
2 :27, and Wealth, 2 :10. Concerning the latter, Mr.
Chapman writes that he has received a number of
inquiries and the outlook is bright, and the same pre-
vails in the instance of Kelly. The latter, a son of
Electioneer and famous Esther, is doing a rushing
business, and high class matrons are being sent to his
court from various sections.

ji ji jt

Lepanto, 577, the big, fine, standard and registered
son of Petosky and a mare by Hunter's Lexington, is
doing well in the stud of his owners, Rodes & Ban-
nister, Roanoke, Va. Through his sire he gets the
potent blood of George Wilkes, and with that backed
up by a rich thoroughbred strain on the maternal
side his pedigree is an attractive one. Lepanto stands
close to 16 hands high, and weighs over 1,200 pounds.
He has sired Wilkie O'Neill, 2 :24J, and King
O'Neill, 2:31, at two years old. As a yearling Le-
panto swept the show ring in Kentucky, and in his
maturer years the son of Petoskey is an attractive
horse to look upon, while his manners and disposition
are bevond criticism.

jt S jl

The Virginia bred trotter, Traveller, bay gelding,
5, by Sidney Prince, dam Miss Clay, by Clay, son of
Walker Morrill, is doing well in the stable of his
owner, S. E. McCargo, of Philadelphia. Traveller
worked a mile in 2 :21^ last season, and his owner
looks for the son of Sidney Prince to trot in 2 :12 or
better this one.

Hall it Warthen, of Warren, recently shipped a
carload of Virginia bred hunters, jumpers and saddle
horses to Boston, where orders were received for most
of them. These horses are described as a choice lot.
Most of them are by thoroughbred sires from general
purpose mares, and were bred in Warren and the
adjoining counties.

j* ^ »•*

Happy Tie, 2 :25^, the bay mare, by Happy Rus-
sell, dam Blanche F., dam of Bursary, 2 :244, by
Walker Morrill, is owned by General Nelson A.
Miles, of Washington, D. C, who will drive her on

the new speedway at the National Capital. Happy
Tie was bred by the late Captain Orris A. Browne,
Cape Charles, Va. The daughter of Happy Russell
is, however, much faster than her record indicates,
as I have seen Capt. Browne drive her at a fearful
clip on a trot hooked beside a runner to pole. Happy
Tie is now eleven years old.

Virginia Jim, 2 :12^, the fast bay trotting gelding,
by Leewood, dam the famous brood mare, Remem-
brance, dam El Banecia, 2 :17^, etc., by George
Wilkes, who was sold recently by New York parties
for export to Switzerland, is giving perfect satisfac-
tion in that, distant land. The son of Leewood is
eight years old, and was bred by James A. Graham,
the owner of Gould Hill Farm, Hanover C. H, \Ta.

Dart, bay gelding by John R. Gentry, who paced
to a record of 2 :08^- last season, has been purchased
by William J. Andrews. This horse was brought
here during 1901 by the late George D. Bennett
from East St. Louis, who raced him one season clown
the line of North Carolina fairs. Later the gelding
passed to James Stackhouse, Marion, S. C, and from
him to John Kinney, Hornellsville, N. Y., and from
him to Andrews. Now that Dart is looked upon as
the making of a real crack performer, there is some
desire manifested to learn the breeding of his dam,
which is in doubt. I applied to Mr. Bennett before
his death for the information, and he was unable to
furnish it. John R. Gentry, the reputed sire of
Dart, was purchased by Holt & Scott, of Graham,
N. C, during the progress of the Grand Circuit meet-
ings of 1894, but served no mares for them until the
fore part of 1905, when M. E. McHenry had him at
Freepnrt, 111. The famous son of Ashland Wilkes
was returned to Graham after the racing season of
that year had closed, and got a couple of foals, but
Dart was not among them, as I understand it, so it is
likely that the bay gelding was bred somewhere in
the West. ^ ■* ^

July 27th and 2Sth are the dates fixed for the
Orange Horse Show, to be held at Orange, Va. The
affairs of this association are in a most prosperous
condition, and a number of improvements will be
made on the buildings and grounds. It has been de-
cided to build a new judge's stand, and the seating
capacity of the grand stand will lie increased.

Robert Bradley, of Wilcox Wharf. Va.. figured
among the largest winning owners at the recent Wash-
ington Jockey Hub meeting. With a Stable of home
bred horses, most of them by Aloha, Mr. Bradley
won $3,135. Broad Rock.

33S

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

Miscellaneous.

LEVEES AND IRRIGATION.

Editor Southern Planter:

Why should the Government spend millions of dol-
lars annually in the effort to control the lower Mis-
sissippi river iu order that a few people, compara-
tively speaking, may be benefited thereby? A care-
ful, thoughtful examination of the subject will con-
vince almost any one that the cultivation of large
areas of bottom lands in the valley of the Missis-
sippi was begun a thousand years or more before
nature had properly fitted and prepared the same for
its successful, profitable and healthful occupation by
man.

The "levee" was a French idea. In purchasing the
French claim to this country in 1803, the "levee" —
tbe French idea — was one of the assets. The "levee
system" — whereby it is attempted to confine the
river, and prevent damage by overflow — was a pre-
mature French idea, and has cost the United States
Government a few hundred millions already, with
much more to follow.

If land was a scarce commodity and high in price
and really needed for use, then it would pay to re-
ckiim low lands, just as in the case of the low lands
reclaimed by Holland, and other old sections of coun-
try where the population is dense and land high in
price and all occupied and tilled.

But as long as there are millions upon millions of
acres of low priced lands uncultivated, and yet lo-
cated within easy reach of markets, it does not seem
practicable, feasible or sensible to line the lower
Mississippi with expensive "levees" in order that the
lower bottom lands may be protected from overflow.

It is truly a "Government contract," which the
Government has undertaken when it attempts to
build a dam on each side of that unruly stream in
order to get the surplus waters of a continent off into
the sea, without overflowing the adjacent bottom
lands. Man proposes, but the Mississippi river dis-
poses.

On the other hand, the same Government is asked
to spend other millions to dam the Western and
Southwestern streams, so that the surplus waters can
be diverted and used for "irrigation" purposes.

Now why this apparent inconsistency and this
great haste to reclaim "swamp" lands, on the one
hand, and arid lands, on the other, as long as they
are not realy needed ? Spending millions to keep
the Mississippi within its banks; and spending other
millions to get the waters of other streams out of
their banks, does not seem to be good political econo-
my, seeing that there are millions of acres of tillable
arable lands yet lying uncultivated.

If we are to dam the Mississippi and portions of
other streams in, and dam other streams out, in or-
der to reclaim lands not really needed, where, may
we ask, are the dam schemes and plans to end?

Such work, on the part of the Government, should
not be carried on, except in compliance Avith the law
of "supply and demand." If lands are needed, then
dam the rivers and reclaim the lands; if not needed
we had better dam (restrict) Congressional appro-
priations therefor. A Jeffers.

Norfolk, Va.

BIRDS AND THE FARMERS.

Editor Southern Planter:

On page 187 (March issue, Southern Planter), I
notice, under headline, "Birds and the Farmer," the
following: "Some wiseacre of the Legislature wants
to place a price on the scalp of the crow, and the poor
hawks are already in many counties thus handi-
capped."

Now, Mr. Editor, I have been reading practical
lessons from your pen for a quarter of a century, and
at all times, with few exceptions, your views have
coincided with those of practical agricultural people.
This last fling, however, at the agricultural element
of the Legislature, I think, demands some defense.

The farmer to whom you refer as having killed a
crow, and on examination of the crop (craw) found
only insects and worms, was exceedingly fortunate
not to find in the same receptable a reasonable pro-
portion of spring chicken, raw eggs, and a gill or
more of Adams Extra Early plucked in all its juicy
fragrance from the growing ear.

I have observed recently a fast growing tendency
for the protection of insectiverous and game birds.
In this sentiment I indulge myself to some extent,
but I sincerely hope that no tidal wave of sentiment
will ever sweep me off of my feet and land me so high
and dry in the realms of sentiment that I cannot
crawl back to practicability and justice to the strug-
gling agriculturist ! Some birds are both insectiv-
erous and pestiverous. If the pestiverous elements
of the bird dominate, then he can be no longer a close
friend of the farmer. The crow and the hawk is
considered in the county of Princess Anne by both
agriculturists and agriculturists' wives as being the
most pestiverous of the winged species. They both
are carnivorous at all seasons, and each of them roll
the little chick as a sweet morsel under their tongue

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

339

against the earnest and fitful protest of mother hen.
The crow is an adept at finding a nest of eggs which
some capricious hen has deposited without the pre-
scribed confines for her fruitful deposit.

The above observations are solely of rural expe-
rience, and will doubtless be vouched for by many
farmers and farmers' wives.

Your suggestion as to the burial or creation of all
animal carcasses is, I think, an eminently proper one,
and although the scavengers of the air may be placed
for a time on reduced rations, yet it will be infi-
nitely better for the purification of the atmosphere
and destruction of unhealthy germs.

During the legislative session of 1895-'6 a bill was
introduced in the Senate of Virginia to provide this
course and sent to the Committee on Agriculture (of
which I was a member). My recollections are that
the bill passed the Senate, but failed to pass the
House.

I hope that your suggestions will be impressed on
the next Legislature, and that some bill will be per-
fected looking to results which you desire.

Geo T. Snead.

Princess Anne Co., Ya.

In justification of what we wrote with reference to
hawks and crows in the article referred to by Dr.
Snead, we append the following reported results of
the examinations of the stomachs of predatory birds
by the agents of the United States Department of
Agriculture :

Of 107 stomachs of the long-eared marsh owl ex-
amined, one contained a game bird ; fifteen, other
birds; eighty-four, field mice; five, other mammals;
one, insects, and fifteen were empty.

Of 101 stomachs of the short-eared marsh owls,
eleven contained small birds ; seven, field mice ;
seven, other mammals; seven, insects, and fourteen
were empty.

Of 109 stomachs of the barred owl, five contained
poultry or game ; thirteen, other birds ; forty-six,
mice ; eighteen, other mammals ; four, frogs ; one, a
lizzard ; two, fish ; fourteen, insects ; two, spiders ;
nine, crayfish, and twenty were empty.

Of 255 stomachs of the screech owl, one contained
poultry; thirty-eight, other birds; ninety-one, mice;
eleven, other mammals; two, lizards; four, frogs or
toads ; one, fish ; one hundred, insects ; five, spiders ;
nine, crayfish; seven, miscellaneous material; two,
scorpions; two, earth-worms, and forty-three were
empty.

Of 127 stomachs of the great horned owl, thirty- 1

one contained poultry or game birds ; eight, other
birds; thirteen, mice; sixty-five, other mammals;
one, a scorpion; one, a fish; ten, insects, and seven-
teen were empty.

Of 320 stomachs of the sparrow hawk, one contain-
ed a game bird ; fifty-three, other birds ; eighty-nine,
mice; twelve, other mammals; twelve, reptiles, or
Amphibians; 215, insects; twenty-nine, spiders, and
twenty-nine were empty.

Of 562 stomachs of the red-tailed hawk, fifty-four
were found on examination to contain poultry and
game birds; fifty-one, other birds; 278, mice; 131,
other mammals; thirty-seven, Amphibia, or reptiles;
forty-seven, insects ; eight, crayfish ; one, a centipede ;
thirteen, offal, and eighty-nine were empty.

Of 220 stomachs of red-shouldered hawk examined,
three contained poultry; 102, mice; forty, other
mammals (shrews, opossum, skunk, chipmunk, mole,
rabbit, squirrel, etc. ) ; twenty, reptiles ; thirty-nine,
Amphibia; ninety-two, insects; sixteen, spiders;
seven, crayfish ; one, earthworms ; two, offal ; three,
fish, and fourteen were empty.

Out of 103 stomachs of Cooper's hawk, thirty -four
contained poultry or game birds; fifty-two, other
birds ; eleven, mammals ; one, a frog ; three, lizards ;
two, insects, and thirty-nine were empty.

The last three hawks are commonly spoken of as
chicken hawks.

Similar examinations have been made of the stom-
achs of crows by agents of the Department and by
officers of different States, and these all go to show
that though he is sometimes guilty of committing
murder and depredation upon chickens and eggs, yet
that his food is largely confined to injurious grubs
and insects, small mammals, with some grain, and
that upon the whole is more beneficial than injurious
to the farmer. — Ed.

DISPOSAL OF THE BODIES OF DEAD ANIMALS.

Since we received the article "Birds and the
Farmers," by Dr. Geo. T. Snead, in which the ques-
tion of the disposal of the bodies of dead animals is
discussed, he has sent us an advance copy of a law
passed at the last sitting of the Legislature, which he
has received providing for the burning of the bodies
of dead animals, of which the following is a copy :

Chap. 252. — An ACT to amend and re-enact section
2197, chapter 99, of the Code of Virginia, in rela-
tion to burial of hogs that died from disease, as
amended and re-enacted by an act approved March
30, 1890, and by an act approved February 14,

340

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

1896, so as to require the cremation or burial of
all animals or fowls that die from contagious or
infectious diseases, and fixing the penalties for
violation thereof.

Approved March 15, 1904.

1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Vir-
ginia, That section twenty-one hundred and ninety-
seven of the Code of Virginia, edition of eighteen
hundred and eighty-seven, as amended and re-enacted
by an act approved March thirtieth, eighteen hun-
dred and ninety, and by an act approved February
fourteenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-six, be
amended and re-enacted so as to read as follows :

Sec. 2197. The owner of any animal or grown
fowl which has died from any contagious or
infectious disease, knowing of such death from
such disease, shall forthwith cremate or cause to
be cremated, or bury or cause to be buried, the body
of such animal or grown fowl, and if he fails to do so,
any justice, after notice to the owner, if he can be
ascertained, shall cause any such dead animal or
fowl to be cremated or buried by a constable, or other
person designated for the purpose, and the constable
or other person shall be entitled to recover of the
owner of every such animal so cremated or buried a
fee of five dollars, and of the owner of every such fowl
so cremated or buried a fee of one dollar, to be re-
covered in the same manner as officers' fees are re-
covered, free from all exemptions in favor of such
owner. Any person violating the provisions of this
act shall be subject to a fine not exceeding twenty
dollars for each offence.

2. This act shall not apply to any county until the
board of supervisors thereof shall adopt the same.

3. All acts or parts of acts in conflict with this act
are hereby repealed.

We are glad to know that the Legislature adopted
our views on this matter, though we regret to see that
the law is inoperative unless adopted by the super-
visors of a county. This is a most pernicious system
of legislation. If a law is good for the community
it ought to be operative when enacted by the Legis
lature, and should not depend on consent or adoption
by any one. If the question sought to be legislated
upon is of doubtful expediency, then no legislation
should be enacted. Laws which may be made opera-
tive or inoperative at the discretion of individual
members of a community leave open too great a door
for fraud and manipulation ever to be desirable.- —
Ed.

GOOD ROADS.

Another good roads bill has been introduced, this
time by Senator Latimer, of South Carolina, appro-
priating $24,000,000 for co-operative road construc-
tion by the general government and the various
States.

The bill provides for a Commission of Highways,
under the Department of Agriculture, composed of
two presidential appointees, at $5,000 each per an-
num, one from each great political party and an
officer from the Army Engineer Corps. The road
building features are similar to those of the Brown-
low bill and other "good roads" measures, and are
in effect that any State desiring to co-operate with the
general government in road building within its bor-
ders, can have federal assistance to the extent of one-
half the cost of the construction, the State agreeing
to keep the road in repair. There is no question but
that the good roads propaganda is making itself felt
in Congress, and if the agitation is continued by the
farm and other newspapers, an entering wedge in
road legislation, it is believed, can be secured com:
paratively soon. Last Congress the Brownlow bill
was introduced and received widespread and fre-
que nt notice by the papers ; the result is that half a
dozen road bills have been introduced in this session.
Like all such new legislation involving large appro-
priations, Congress will put it off as long as possible,
until the demand becomes insistent and widespread.
The objection raised by some that the work would be
paternalistic would apply with fully as rmich force
to the operations of the Post-office Department with
its annual appropriation of about $140,000,000, or
the Weather Bureau, or half a dozen other govern-
ment institutions. Federal "good roads" are com-
ing, if the pounding upon the Congressional door is
kept up with sufficient earnestness.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southern Planter.

BONE MEAL AS A FERTILIZER,

One of our subscribers, Mr. Groome, of Warren-
ton, recently wrote the Bureau of Soils at Washing-
ton for an explanation of the reason for the long con-
tinued appreciable benefit derived from the appli-
cation of raw bone meal as a fertilizer. The follow-
ing is the reply received from the Soil Chemist and
will no doubt be read with interest. We thank Mr.
Groome for favoring us with this letter.

"In reply to your favor of the 12th inst., I would
say that we recognize that such fertilizers as bone
meal will continue to exercise an influence over crops
for a considerable length of time. But taking fer-

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEB.

341

tilizers in general and especially the more soluble
ones, it seems to be a general law that they prove
most beneficial in the initial stages of plant growth
before the plants have developed a large and vigorous
root system and are, in a sense, better adapted to
looking out for their own food supplies.

Eaw bone meal is essentially calcium phosphate
and is slightly soluble itself. But it is one of a class
of substances which is readily acted upon and de-
composed by water, forming, in this case, lime and
phosphoric acid ; and while the lime goes into solu-
tion to but a very slight extent, a fairly large amount
of phosphoric acid is dissolved. The amount that
will be dissolved depends largely on the proportion
of solid phosphate to the volume of water, as will be
seen from the accompanying table. While it takes
some days for the solution to dissolve all the phos-
phoric acid it can, the larger part is taken up in a few
hours. Carbon dioxide, which is always present in
the soil and soil moisture, helps to dissolve phos-
phoric acid from calcium, although this would not
be expected on the basis of current theories. In rive
hours, at ordinary room temperature, we have found
that a mixture of equal parts of lime phosphate and
lime carbonate when treated with 250 times its mass
of water gave about two parts per million of phos-
phoric acid to the water, but when carbon dioxide
was also passed through the solution, about 42 parts
per million, or 20 times as much, was given. There-
fore, on account of the slight solubility of lime phos-
phate on the one hand, and its decomposition by
water on the other hand, a substance containing it
will yield a comparatively steady, small supply of
phosphoric acid for a relatively long time, that is,
until all the phosphoric acid has gradually gone into
solution.

I think the above statements meet your inquiries,
and I shall be glad to assist you further if you may
require it.

By order of Chief of Bureau.

Frank K. Cameron, Soil Chemist.

Solubility of Calcium Phosphate (Ca3) P402) in
water free from Carbon Dioxide (C02).

Parts Calcium Phosphate Parts Phoaph. Acid (P203)

per 1000 of water. dissolved per 1000 of water

400 0.9183

400 6760

100 5083

50 2857

25 1615

16.66 1246

12.5 0982

10 0845

5 0507

2-5 0318

PRESERVING EGGS IN WATER GLASS.

The most simple and efficient method of preserving
eggs for several months is by covering them with a
solution of water glass. This preparation has been
tested by various experiment stations and has proved
to be the best of any methods yet discovered, except
artificial cold storage. It is being used to some ex-
tent in a commercial way, as well as by many farmers
and housekeepers who wish to pack away eggs in
spring when they are cheap and plentif ul for use dur-
ing the fall and winter months.

Strictly fresh, clean eggs are necessary to put down.
Stale or dirty eggs will not keep well. Eggs should
not be washed. They should be packed, preferably
small end down, in a stone jar or other suitable ves-
sel, which should be placed in a cool, dark place.
To ten or fifteen quarts of water, which has been
boiled and cooled, add one quart water glass (sodium
silicate), which may be obtained of most druggists.
A good grade of water glass should be used. The
vessel should be kept tightly covered to prevent evap-
oration. If the eggs are kept in too warm a place
the silicate is deposited and the eggs are not properly
protected. The solution may be prepared, placed in
the jar and fresh eggs added from time to time until
the jar is full, but be sure that there is fully 2 inches
of the solution covering the eggs.

The eggs may be taken out from time to time as
needed. They will be covered with a jelly-like solu-
tion, which is easily washed off. All packed eggs
contain a little gas and in boiling the shell will crack.
This may be prevented by making a pinhole in the
large end of the egg before cooking. One farmer in
IVIaine reports preserving 6,000 dozen eggs last sea-
son by this method. He sold them in December and
January and received the same price that strictly
fresh eggs sold for. While eggs preserved in this
way are not as good as new-laid eggs, they are better
than the usual run of fresh stock to be had at the
stores.

TO KEEP INSECTS FROM MEAT.

When meat has been in salt long enough, and is
ready to be smoked. Wash nicely in a tub of hot
water, using corn shucks or coarse rag. When the
water becomes too greasy throw it out and put in
clean. As soon as a piece is washed, sprinkle it

342

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

lightly with borax and sift on black pepper before the
meat is dry, and hang it up for smoking.

J. O. Thomas.
Isle of Wight Co., Va.

WHAT HAVE CLUBS AND INSTITUTES DONE
FOR US?

AN ESSAY READ AT A FARMERS* INSTITUTE IN FRED-
ERICKSBURG, VA., MARCH 19, 1904, BY DR. AUG.
STABLER, OF MARYLAND.

After being invited to present this subject, I made
a pilgrimage to the house of the venerable secretary
of our club in order to extract from the most com-
plete and systematic records in his possession a few
items of interest to other agricultural communities.

The first minute was made in 1844, as follows:
"We propose forming an association for improve-
ment in agriculture upon the sociable principle of
mutual interchange of visits. For this purpose we
agree to meet in the afternoon, once a month, taking
each member's house in alphabetical rotation. When
assembled we shall proceed to inspect the crops, stock,
farm implements and contrivances, and inquire into
the modes of culture and system of arrangement gen-
erally pursued by the member at whose house we may
be. A free interchange of ideas upon agricultural
subjects will be expected upon the part of all, and if
any member is making experiments which are likely
to prove useful or interesting we shall take especial
care to notice their progress and results."

"We adopt for our government no rules or regula-
tions other than those which should always prevail in
good society, with the single exception that it shall be
both the privilege and the duty of each member to
criticize freely the arrangements that may come un-
der his examination." This club has never changed
its constitution and by-laws in sixty years, and is still
as vigorous as ever. Many other similar organiza-
tions in our county and other parts of the State have
been formed on the samp hi'oad lines. In the sixty
years there have no1 been six meetings missed. Death
or sickness being the only reason for passing a meet-
ing. At tlio first meeting of this club the attention
of the members was called t<> tin- effect of bone dust
in causing a luxurianl growth of grass on a poor
field. In the same year another member of the club
tried the first experiment in Maryland with Peruvian
Guano. Eighteen hills of corn treated with guano
produced nineteen and one-half pounds of ears, while
eighteen similar hills without guano produced seven
and one-quorter pounds of ears. About the same
time experiments with lime were in progress by the
members, which produced good results on some farms
and not so good on others.

In those days, before commercial fertilizers were

obtainable, or their use known, our country was very
poor. Worn out fields, covered with sedge, briars,
scrub pine, flint stone and ' gullies were the rule.
Overgrown fence rows, razor back hogs, cows that
made two pounds of butter a week, and corn fields
that made eight barrels of corn on seven acres. This
same year my father, who was a druggist in Alexan-
dria, Va., and whose health had failed in that busi-
ness, moved on to the farm where I now reside, and
joined the club at its first meeting. When he took
the farm there was nothing on it but an old tumble-
down log cabin, no grass, no trees, nothing but sedge,
briars, flint stones and gullies.

His brother, from Alexandria, came out to see
him, stayed three days, and never smiled while he
was there. He saw nothing hut starvation ahead.
Within my recollection on this same farm, father
raised 40 bushels of wheat to the acre, 2-J tons of
hay, 335 bushels of potatoes, and one year he ob-
tained 750 bushels of splendid peaches from one
acre, and sold them for $2 a bushel at home. This
yield of $1,500 from one acre in a single season has
so far as I know never been exceeded in our State.
These maximum yields, however, have not been re-
peated many times on any one farm in our section,
but the testimony of many impartial judges who have
frequently visited our section from all parts of the
country is to the effect that taking into consideration
the intelligence and probity of the people the orderly
well kept farms, the quantity of stock kept, and the
general attractiveness of the neighborhood, the region
covered by the club, and the other organizations grow-
ing out of it will compare favorably with any similar
section of the United States. Last summer Mr. A.
D. Shamelj of Illonois, who gave us one of his most
valuable talks on corn, was surprised and charmed
with the delightful social atmosphere which he found
pervading the whole community. It was for many
years plainly marked as an oasis in the desert.

There are now four clubs and two granges in the
county, and for the last thirty-one years these organi-
zations have joined together once a year and held a
Farmer's Convention in the Lyceum at Sandy
Spring. These meetings are always largely attended
by old and young from far and near and bring out a
large number of short, spirited talks from the many
learned, practical men who are always present. On
several occasions we have received the aid of experts
on special subjects, but local talent is always abun-
dant. These meetings exert a powerful uplift not
only by making friends of men who did not pre-
viously know each other, and by disseminating agri-
cultural information and the conclusions of the doc-
tors on mooted points, but also in securing united
action upon matters needing legislation. In short,
here is a neighborhood where farmers have been ac-
customed to come together and work together on all

'•.•04.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

343

matters concerning their mutual interests. There is
a mutual fire insurance company, the oldest and
largest in the State that was wise enough to stick to
country property and did not lose one dollar in the
Baltimore fire. There is a savings bank that is ex-
ceedingly well conducted and flourishing, a national
bank that is equally successful, and two turnpike
companies that have built three parallel lines of good
road to Washington. When Farmer's Institutes
were started by the State about six years ago it was
thought by the director that we who had so many
organizations and ways of obtaining information
did not need the Institutes as much as other parts of
the county that had no clubs or granges. He tried
hard successive years to get up meetings at other
points, but his lecturers always had to talk to very
small audiences. Without, the clubs to pave the way
and awaken a desire for up-to-date, progressive ideas
no amount of advertising would bring the farmers
together. Without some dry wood it is very hard to
kindle a fire. No local organization, no successful
institute, has been the invariable experience. When
the Institute was held in or near Sandy Springs, how-
ever, we always had not only a good sized crowd, but
a highly interesting, instructive meeting. Intelli-
gent, practical questions from the audience kept the
speakers busy, and the practical information ob-
tained from these experts has in many cases resulted
in far-reaching improvements in our farming meth-
ods. At the first Institute held here it was clearly
proven as the result of a warm discussion between
certain old and successful dairymen and the speaker
from another State that the dairymen of this com-
munity were missing a great opportunity by not
having silage. Silos of the old-fashioned type had
been built years ago and abandoned as unsatisfac-
tory. It was shown just where the trouble was, and
the following year witnessed a general building of
silos and a correspondingly great increase in the pro-
duction of milk. We are now thoroughly convinced
that four acres of corn in the silo will produce more
milk and butter than five acres of the same corn field
cured, and the work of harvesting and preparing the
crop is all done in two or three days, instead of being
strung out over two or three months. When we add
to these advantages the fact that more forage can be
produced on an acre intended for silage than on a
similar acre intended for grain because thicker
planted, and that we can grow cow peas and corn to-
gether mid harvest the combined crop with the corn
binder fast enough to keep a big engine and cutter
busy putting it into the silo, it is evident we have
made a step forward. Crimson clover is another
crop which for many years was only experimentally
grown by most of us. with frequent failure to secure
a stand, but has now come to be one of the most valu-
able of our forage crops since we have learned, after

many trials, how best to manage it. To our State
Experiment Station is due the credit of keeping up
the cultivation of it, and repeatedly demonstrating its
value. On our dry, hilly lands we frequently failed
to secure good stands of it when seeded as a catch
crop in growing corn. Not until we learned that it
will pay to prepare land specially for it in order to
get the very valuable crop of hay which, on good
land, it is capable of producing, did we make a place
for it in our system of forage crop rotation. With
us, it is the only leguminous hay crop which can be
harvested in May in time to plow and fit the land for
another crop.

This second crop may be either corn and cow peas
for silage or sorghum and cow peas for hay, or millet
and peas, or sweet corn and peas, or peas alone. Thus
on our valuable, rich land, which is close to the silo
and convenient to manure from the barn, we can
grow four crops in two years, all of which are fed to
the cows, except the wheat, the straw of which is
needed to bed them. The wheat is sold and the pro-
ceeds used to buy concentrated feeds to balance the
ration. These four crops are corn and cow peas,
wheat, turnips and crimson clover. The wheat stub-
ble is plowed as soon as possible after harvest, rub-
bing down each afternoon what is plowed up in the
morning, and harrowing when in good condition after
rains till the middle of August. Then it should be
fine level and solid, readv for the seed. Put on 20
pounds crimson clover seed and one-half pound Globe
turnip seed to the acre. The two kinds are carefully
mixed together and may be scattered with a broad-
casl seeder and harrowed in or it may be put in with
n wheat drill. The latter method is best where fer-
tilizer is needed, but where barn manure is applied
the phosphate, preferably dissolved rock, should be
mixed with the manure before it is hauled out. The
turnips are harvested about December 1st, as follows :
Thov are pulled up, thrown into piles on the ground
and allowed to wither for two or three days, then
when dry haul them to a convenient place near the
barn and pile them, tops and all, in a long, narrow
rick on both sides of a fence and cover with corn
fodder. In handling the turnips we use a broad,
short handled fork such as is used for moving coke.
potato es3 stones, etc. They are thus forked up from
the piles in the fields into a dump cart and hauled to
the rick, where they are dumped and forked up into
place. When feeding them to cows in winter the
turnips are forked from the rick into the cart and
hauled out onto a blue grass sod where they are seaf-
lered for the cows to eat in the middle of the da v.
It is found that even when a cow is getting every-
thing else she needs, turnips will increase the milk.
They do this not by the actual nourishment in the
turnips, but by some undiscovered vital principle
which aids the digestion of other food. It has lonsr

344

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[May,

been known that plants of the turnip family have the
power of digesting the crude elements of fertility in
the soil, which are made available by certain secre-
tions of their roots, and it is probable that a similar
digesting process occur? when th*3 turnips are brought
in contact with coarse fodder in the cow's milk fac-
tory, her stomach.

By making the very best use of all the home raised
feeds and raising as much as possible of them we are
certain that it is possible to make a herd of cows
fresh in the fall, give more milk in the year than if
fresh in the spring. A cow that is made comfortable
in a warm, clean, well ventilated, well lighted stable,
with water and salt before her, fed on corn and cow
pea silage mixed with bran and cotton seed meal
:: day and with a little crimson clover hay and
turnips for the noon feed, will give as much milk in
January as the same cow would on the best of blue
grass in June. She needs no exercise. That should
be taken by the man who milks and feeds her. Some
of us are trying alfalfa, but so far with rather poor
success. The success with it at the Experiment Sta-
tion is very encouraging. We hope that when our
soils become sufficiently clean, rich and properly
stocked with the right bacteria, this crop will enable
us to farm with fewer horses to do the plowing, and
will also enable us to avoid that other heavy expense,
the buying of protein feeds."

A very lively interest was manifested on the part
of the practical farmers present at the Institute, in
the subjects of soil improvement and forage crops as
presented by the lecturer, and many questions were
asked, among which were the following: "At what
stage of growth do you cut crimson clover, and how
do you cure and handle, the crop ?" Cut it when the
lower two-thirds of the flower head is dead, leaving
the top third still bright red. It is harder to cure
than mixed hay, and requires more time in the field
and in shock before storing. When putting it into
the barn it is important not to tramp or pad- it. Let
it lie as loosely as possible and not over eight or ten
feet deep in one place. There are always plenty of
empty mows at this season, and it is better to dis-
tribute it around to avoid the danger of mow burning.
When cured it is worth $20 a ton to the dairyman,
for it has 16 per cent, protein and is just as good as
bran.

How do you harvest cow pea hay? Prof. Mas-
geVs plan seldom succeeds with us, though we have
frequently tried it. We reluctantly conclude that
cow pea hay alone is very difficult to cure in our
damp climate, though by the following- method we
can always save it in fair condition. Remove the
track clearer from the mowing machine, and cut the
peas down, then when withered and before the leaves
dry enough to shatter put it together by hand into
small piles. If the crop is heavy it is better not to

a horse rake. When the top of the pile dries
turn it over, but do not shake it out. This turning
may be repeated as often as necessary till the whole
is thoroughly cured, and then haul in and store as
crimson clover, not more than eight feet thick, and
avoid packing. I prefer to mix cow peas and sor-
ghum together on good land, because of the greatly
increased yield per acre, and the greater ease of cur-
ing the crop. This crop may be handled with as
much certainty of results as mixed hay. The sor-
ghum stalks prevent packing and heating in shock
and stack, and when stored in small stacks, ten feet
in diameter and twelve feet high, is certain to keep
and prove a palatable, nutritious feed for cattle,
sheep, horses and hogs. I fork it into small piles by
hand, and when these are partially cured I combine
them into large shocks and let stand about a week till
well cured. Then make a long, low rack of poles on
a four wheeled wagon and haul the shocks to the stack.
"How did your father improve his run-down
farm V He always wore a smile on his face and had
lots of friends, especially among the laboring class.
He used bone dust, guano, thorough cultivation, barn
yard manure and brains.

"How would he do it now ?" Probably with South
Carolina rock, cow peas, crimson clover and stock.

You said that you were in the habit of buying
concentrated feed, such as bran, linseed meal, cotton
seed meal, etc., and also that crimson clover, cow
peas, and alfalfa would take their place. Why do
vou not raise enough legumes to do without the con-
centrates? We ought to, but we have not always
done it. Red clover, on which we formerly depend-
ed, has very generally failed of late years. Alfalfa
is only in the experimental stage on our farms. Cow
pea hay is hard to cure, also crimson clover. Cotton
seed meal is what we buy most of. That has a de-
cided effect in stimulating the secretion of milk, be-
sides furnishing the protein and phosphates to bal-
ance the ration. Physicians are now successfully
using it in very small quantities to increase the secre-
tion in nursing mothers, who have not enough for
their babies.

How do you plant corn and cow peas together so
that they can be harvested with the corn binder?
Use Wonderful Peas and White Corn. Mix together
half and half and plant with a two-horse corn planter
in rows four feet apart, and so that the corn plants
stand eight or ten inches apart in the row. If the
row? are closer than four feet, the pea vines reach
across from row to row and make it somewhat harder
to harvest, but with the Deering corn binder we find
little trouble in cutting it fast enough. We like
planting the corn and peas in the same row better
than to plant the peas alongside the corn.

When writing, mention the Planteb.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

345

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

PT.

RICHMOND, VA.

Ibwwid ok 1st of bach Month.

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

BUSINESS MiHA8K».

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.
RaU card furnished ea applkiatiam

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

TOT SOUTHERN PLANTER U milled to
ankaciiben la the United State* aad Cauda
at SOc. per annum; all foreign countries aad
tk« city of Richmond, The

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Offle* to which your paper is aent. Your
aame cannot be found oa oar booka unless
thla la <•■•.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL aaaws U
what time your subscrlpUan la paid.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND. TA.

Entered at the Post-office, aUchmond,
Va., aa second-class matter.

DKTAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Duros Hogs 320

Pip in Chickens 320

ImproTing Land 320

Improring Land 321

Alfalfa 321

Fertilizing Land for Bright To-
bacco 321

Scours in Calves 321

Diseased Apple Tree 321

Grass for Name 321

Ginseng 322

Alfalfa Bacteria — Bermuda Grass
— Soy Beans— Stock Pea — Berk-
shires — German Clover — Hog

House 322

Grain Crops for Hay 322

Peanut Pickers 322

Alfalfa 322

Millet Hay 323

Ewes Breeding 323

Grass for Hill Side for Pasture... 323
Minks and Weasels and Chickens.. 323

Brick Making 323

Cultivation of Corn — Applying
Fertilizer — Lime — Dwarf Essex
Rape — Pruning Fruit Trees.... 324
Diseased Tobacco — Lime for To-
bacco— Sow Eating Pigs... 324

Preserving Eggs for Winter 325

Fertilizing for Cow Peas 325

Angora Goats 325

Cold Water Paint 325

Chickens Eating Feathers 326

Green Fallows for Tobacco 326

Rotation of Crops 326

Bermuda Grass 327

Rotation of Crops — Lime 327

Navy Beans — Velvet Beans 327

Buckwheat and Clover 328

Diseased Plum Tree 328

Barreness of Fig Trees 328

Disease of Sheep 328

Drying a Cow 328

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS.

We 'wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of hav-
ing all advertisements, no matter
whether new or change of copy,
in our office by the 24th of each
month. Advertising forms close
on the 25 th. We are compelled to
leave a number of advertisements
out of each issue because they are
received too late.

Subscription Offer.

Should any person, who is not a
subscriber to the Southern
Planter, read this notice, we beg
to ask that he will take it as a per-
sonal one to himself. We want
him to join the ever-increasing
army of readers of the Southern
Planter, and to that end will ac-
cept a trial subscription for the re-
maining numbers of this year for
25c. We hope he will find this
issue so valuable and interesting
that he will want to have this mag-
azine come to him regularly. Send
remittance in the most convenient
form.

Whose Money?

On April 5th, we received a
fifty cent piece in one of our self-
addressed envelopes, without any
evidence of who the sender is. As
near as we can decipher it, the post
mark is Blacksburg, Va. We can-
not, of course, give any one credit
until we know who sent the monev.

A NEW BALING PRESS.
The DeLoach Mill Mfg. Co.. of At-
lanta, Ga., who have been advertising
their saw mill machinery with us for
years, have perfected a new baling
press which is now on sale and will
be extensively advertised in a short
while. The new Triplex Baling Press
is the name given it. This company
started out to produce something sim-
ple, rapid and self-feeding. They
claim to have accomplished all this
and something more. We have not the
space for a full description, but advise
all interested parties to send for a de-
scriptive circular which will be
promptly mailed to all inquirers. Ad-
dress Box 600. Atlanta, Ga.

T. W. WOOD & SONS
Are Headquarters For

Cow Peas

and

Soja Beans

Cow Peas make a large yielding
and most nutritious hay crop even
on poor or medium land, and the
roots and stubble plowed under
improves both the condition and
productiveness of the soil leaving
it in much better condition than
before the crop was grown.

Mammoth Yellow Soja Beans
unquestionably make the richest
and most nutritious feed crop
grown on the farm. Equally valu-
able grown either as a hay crop or
for the beans. Better than linseed
or cotton seed meal for fattening
stock.

Full Information about these valuable

crops In Wood's Seed Book for 1904.

Write for it and Special Price

List of Seasonable Seeds.

T.W, Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND - VIRGINIA.

D

0 YOU - - -
OY0U WANT TO
YOU OUGHT TO
AND YOU CAN

If you will use Bacteria from Ewell Farm
enough soil to infect one acre for one dollar.

Write for circular.
Address QEO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Hill, Teno.

LIME

AGRICULTURAL
AND BUILDERS'

Send for Circulars and Price- List,

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS.

REEVES CATT, Agent,

Staunton, Virginia.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

■A'Vi ''''.';"'■ >";>«. $2'M>; ino-lb. kirs, S4...":' ball lam-
2701b.. 3jc P" 11.; barrel 4p It, ,,,, ^IMj'f0r SrcSaX
ana i*iS*t*ViP' "'•Ijrlnol Maker,
989-41 N, Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa,

FRAZER

Axle Grease „,**&.

Ita wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bis. any other brand,
Not affected by heat. WGet the Ginulne.
FOR SALE BY ALL DBALERS.

346

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

Hoist*. Pumps. Air Compressors.

THE MIETZ &. WEISS

Oil and Gas Engine

(CONSTANT THROST).

Adopted by the U. S. and Foreign Govern-

memts.

Most Economical

and Safest Power
known.

Runs with common
Distillate or Fuel Oil.
Why pay an enor-
mous price for gaso-
line when you can
operate a M. & W. en-
gine on fuel costing
6c. per gallon?

It will pay you to
consult me before
placing your order
elsewhere.
For Pumping, Electric Lighting, Charg-
ing Storage Batteries, and all other Power
Purposes.
DIRECT COUPLED OR BELTED DYNAMO;

Sizes from 1 to 60 H. P.
Highest Award for Direct Coupled Kerosene
Engine and Dynamo, Paris Exposition,
1900; Gold Medal', Pan-American Expo-
sition, 1901; Gold Medal. Charles-
ton, S. C, Exposition, 1902.
A. MIETZ, 128-138 Mott St., New York, U.S.A.
Send for Catalogue, Department 37.
Portable Outfits— Dynamos—
Marine Engines.

PLANTERS,

.armors, ginners, cane grinders
ancU.thers desiring a coBvenf-

entand highly efficient P*wer.%^
Nothing equals this little outfit.'* 3

Leffel

Engines

it plantation
id are so reasonable
c vrltbin reach
of all. We make them like cut.
horizontal, mounted, etc., from
3 H. P. up. Write to-day telling

find a host of u
and farm and 3

5 what you wish ap
* -'Pow

book i

STEEL

ROOFINO,

ETC. STEEL FENCINO.

0. X. HARRY STEEL WORKS, gftEM:

THE HUMAN SIDE OF ANIMALS.

Wild animals in captivity should
furnish interesting objects for the
study of this question; and we are
tempted in this connection to give the
testimony of George Conklin, Barnum
& Bailey's well-known animal trainer
He says:

All animals have a distinctly human
side, but there is a striking difference
in the mentality of animals of the
same species, just as there is among
men of the same race. Some animals
of the same family are "smarter" than
others. All, however, give evidence
that they not only think, but also that
they have their likes and dislikes,
their hopes and fears, their pleasures
and pains, just the same as human
creatures.

No one who is at all familiar with
animals questions the fact that they
are capable of genuine affection and,
at the same time, can hate with a vin-
dictiveness not surpassed by men or
women. I have seen lions and tigers
manifest the greatest uneasiness over
the absence of a familiar keeper, and
the most apparent evidences of pleas-
ure on his return — purring, licking his
hand, and in other ways showing their
affection. Within an hour I have seen
these same animals turn upon a keeper
they didn't like and nearly tear him to
pieces.

Elephants are even more pronounced
in their likes and dislikes. The first
year the Barnum & Bailey circus was
in London, we had an elephant man
who had an exceptionally violent tem-
per, and when out of humor he was
inclined to be unpleasantly rough with
the "bulls." I had noticed the ele-
phants looking at this fellow and fol-
lowing his movements with their little
beady eyes, and I never doubted but
that' at the first opportunity they
would get even with him. The ani-
mal man's name was Cooper, and at
Olympia he was usually on the night
watch. One night, shortly after the
show was out, I heard a commotio., in
the elephant pen, and running down
the line of "bulls," I found Jack
Mooney, one of our best elephant men,
lying on the ground, with old Babe,
the mother of the first baby elephant
ever born in America, standing over
him. There was no time for hesita-
tion. Without thought of the possible
consequences, I ran up to Babe, com-
manded her to move back, and pulled
Mooney out of the way. It was evi-
dent that the elephant had attacked
him and knocked him down, but what
I couldn't understand was why, after
getting the man at her mercy. Babe
did not crush the life out of him.
Mooney, who was only partially
stunned, gave the only plausible ex-
planation of it. Cooper had asked him
as a favor to remain on watch, and
had gone away. Mooney, who was a
favorite with the elephants, and al-
ways careless In passing them, ap-
proached Babe in the gloom. The ele-
phant, undoubtedly thinking it was

s

20th

Century
Steel Bali Coupling Cultivator

With Double Row Corn

Planter and Fertilizer
Attachment Complete

on One Machine.
Parallel beam move-
ment, pivoted axle.with

it in connection '■'.Hli
..' movable «plndle«,
a- either independent
of each other. I eniie
lever for aepreudine

The HENCH & DROMGOLD CO. Mfrs., York. Pa.

THE IMPROVE!

SCREW STUIPPILLEI

Write lor PrlcM.

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y„ U. S. A.
HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clean an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clean all atnmps In a circle of 158 ft. wltheat
moving or changing machine, Btrongast, mait
rapid working and best mad*.
Hercules Mf§. Co., 413 17th St.. Centrevllle. lawa.

WARRINER5

J STANCHION

"' CIEAN.SAFE,
_^ssS£i COMFORTABLE.

Mfq by VY.B CRUMB n testville Cown

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with ' i

Wilson's Phosphate Mills,

From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Cot-
ters, hand and jeiwer, f'T the poul-
trymen; Form Feed Mllln, Gra-
ham Flour liutid Mill.. Orll and
Shell .Mills. Send for e.italogue.
WILSON HKOS.. Sole Mfrs.,

lATEST

.PORUER oSZner

Guaranteed

THOUSANDS |H USE.

Ask yonr fmrdwaro dealer tor them orwrlte
H. B. BBOWN MFG. OO. • • DEOATTJK, M.

1904.]

TEE S®FTHEKNT PLANTER.

347

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

Clark's Rer. Bush Plew and Harrow
cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.
K&. deep. Connects the iub-
— b soil water. It Is an ex-
cellent machine for
covering in sugar cane.
Strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly out
forest, stump, bush, or
tag land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's D.uble Ac(lo« Cataway j^fftfvj
■arrow awes 15,110 lens <
earth In a day.

Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

^rS^f\ m Made single or double.
-~C~ ^r~^:"k=j 0ne »r two furrows Ave

*TS

3 to ten inches deep ; 14
) Inches wide. For two or
four horses. Light draft.
No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
as directed In his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co. ,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Kussian thistle or any other (oul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,
Higganum, Ct., U. S. A.

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

K. F. SCHLICHTER

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co., South Superior, Wis.

Defender
Sprayer

All brass, easiest wort
ing-, most powerful, auto-
matic mixer, expansion
valves, double straintr,
Catalogue of Pumps and
Treatise o» Spraying £c«*.
Agents Wanted:
J. F. Qaylord, Box 8*2 CatUill. If . T.

Ask Your F SPRAY PUfiflP^

DEALER 0 LKuibl.-AotinK. Lift,

R Power, Tank tuulSpr..?

M PUMPS

€"« Store Ladders, Etc.
«J Burn Dr— "
At Alnmini

Valve H

Aluminum Finished

HAY TOOL"

of all kinds. Write fo

CHAMPION

and HAY PRESS

At it for 30 years and right up-to-date.
Presses of every style and for every pur-
pose. If wanting a Baling Press write to

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Cooper, and delighted to flna the hated
keeper off his guard, suddenly swung
her trunk around and felled Mooney to
the ground. The next moment the ele-
phant man would have been crushed
under the feet of the brute, but in
some way Babe discovered her mis-
take, and, instead of further injuring
the favorite keeper, gently turned
him over with her trunk and sought
in her dumb way to revive him.

Mooney was only half conscious of
all this, and the idea was probably
evolved to some extent from his
knowledge of the elephant and her
character; but a few minutes later,
when he had sufficiently recovered
from the blow he had received, he
walked up to Babe, spoke soothingly
to her, and put his arms around her
trunk. And the way that old elephant
responded to his caresses was beauti-
ful to see. She was all contrition for
what she had done — any one with half
an eye could see that, while the gen
uine affection she had for Mooney and
the delight she felt over his providen-
tial escape was evident in every move-
ment of her great body. Just a week
from that night Babe actually caught
Cooper in the same way, knocked him
down and nearly crushed out his life
under the weight of her body. Here
you have the entire gamut of human
passions and emotions — love, hate,
memory, calculation, regret, contrition,
atonement, revenge. Absolutely noth-
ing lacking but speech — and who ever
claimed that the power to articulate
was a pre-reqaisite to the possession
of a soul? — Country Gentleman.

SCIENCE IN FARMING.
Good, hard, clear thinking is essen-
tial to success in any business and as
applied to farming must go hand in
hand with hard work. That the
American farmer is grasping every op-
portunity to acquire scientific knowl-
edge that will enable him to meet and
solve the problems which every day
come up in the successful operation
of his farm, is a matter of note. We
find several indications of it. A few
years ago at the farmers' institutes,
occasions on which the farmer would
closely follow the lecturer with a
series of searching questions were
rare; to-day on the other hand, it is
a common experience to hear a farmer
thoroughly question the lecturer and
even offer the result of his experi-
ments. But this is not the only fact
which demonstrates that the farmer is
doing hard thinking. Equally as note-
worthy as the above is the fact that
more farmers every year realize the
vast saving in time and labor that re-
sults from the use of the Champion
harvesting machines. The progres-
sive farmer knows that the Champion
machines are an essential element in
successful farming and consequently
buys them, and the increasing num-
ber of these machines bought each
year is an encouraging indication of
the rapid progression of our farmers.

Can Save a Lot nf Wni-lcl

Can Save a Lot of Miwigyj

'-ease Your Comlorlsl

ELECTRIC STEwLels

and the

ELECTRIC Hanwag„„

» More than a million and a quarter of them are
In use and several hundred thousand farmers say
that they are the best investment they ever made.
They'll save you more money, more work, give hot
ter service and greater satisfaction than any other
metal wheel made— because They're Made Belter.
By every test they are the best. Spokes united to
the hub. If they work loose, your money back.
Don't buy wheels nor wagon until you read our
book. It may save you many dollars and it's free.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,
Box 146 Quincy, Ills.

GOOD TOP 1U0-

G1ES $28.35.
Two Years Guarantee

Oa 3* Daya Free Trial

Catalogue Free.

THE OHIO VEHICLE 4 HARNESS CO., Columbus, 0.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

ind nend 4 line]!) W I.. sieel Tire on, . $7,125

With Rubber Tim, #16.011. I uifg. wheel. % to*ia.
tread. Top Buggies, ('-'"■"> ; Harn.-ia, |3 go. Write tor
catalogue. Learn !]..« r,, Mi, v.-hi.-?es *n1 parta direct,
W«fou Umbrella FREE. W. V.BOOB,Cincin.aU,0.

FARMERS

THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER la used
ad recommended on the Test Farms of the
United States, Virginia, North Carolina, and
Illinois. It is a strong windlass, weighing
three pounds. Saves labor. Prevents shock*
(ailing. Keeps shocks dry inside. Sent by
express prepaid for $1.50. Write for free
circular with testimonials and directions for
cutting and shocking corn. Agents wanted.
FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER CO., Christie,
Va.

_.IT YOUR IDEAS

$100,000 offered for OBe ia_

vention; $8,500 for another.

a «iM?°.k.. ,How to Obtain a Patent"

and "What to Invent "sent free. Send

rough sketch for free report as to

patentability We advertise your

patent for sale at our expense

CHAIVDl.EE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney

976 F Street, Washington, D. C

J* ROOFING TIN j*

Iron and paper roofing, nails, bullder'i har*-
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon
goods, paints and oils, cook and heating atores,
gu»i, pistols, rlflei, "Robin Hood" loaded sheila.
Do you:use any of the above? Write us.

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., £&$#:

YOU CAN MAKE $3 TO $10 A DAY

—»<^*?1r*—~ Fitting Rlaasee for as. Bl(r prorita.
Oar84-pa»o FREE EYE BOOK
tella how. Write for It today.

S48

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[May>

have be
We sell

CREAM

Separators

sold too much on talk.

irs on trial. Try it on

arm. The America.!*

will pay for itself even though you

have but a few cows. The price

is remarkably low. The machine

a money maker. Writefor

. parator book. Mailed free.

American Separator Co.,
Box 1076 Ba.inbrid.ge. N.Y.
s Extostln>n.

If You Have Not Been Able to Oet a

Hydraulic Pump or Ram

and are in need of one, we are just Introducing
onr new standand HYDRAULIC PUMPS, the
simplest, befit, cheapest and most convenient in
eyery way, and you can secure one at cost by
writing the

STANDARD HYDRAULIC PL>nP CO.,
Roanoke, Ya.

RIFE HYDRAULIC ENGINE

1 Coi

stl

in your home

-.mill

evlit

1 w '

er do

Keeps troing

1

.1

sht v

ith no

expense. Get

t=3 o

irfree

catalogue.

Rl

FE ENCINE CO.,

r

[ i 26 i

Vrlj >

t. New York,

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Vlrglala.
A fire Insurance Association for farmers *!

Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 18 9; amount 1>-
■ured January 9, 1904, $370,000; policies se-
cured by real and personal property, esti-
mated value, $1,000,000. For further Informa-
tion address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE -fit
other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerva Exhaustion

WANTED

A single white man to take charge of the
grounds of the Virginia Club, and to live on
the premises. He should know something of
flowers, shrubs, etc. Apply to JAS. Mc
GRAW, 1323 E. Main street, Richmond, Va.

WORKING

MANAGER

Wanted on a farm 40 miles from Richmond:
must work as well as manage farm; good
offer to right man; no drinking man need
apply. Address Box 485. Richmond. Va.

NO M0T6 BllriQ HOTSGS Moon Bindness and other
sore eyeB, Barry Co., Iowa City, la. have a sure
sure.

THE HARVEST.

The most vital work of the nation is
that of gathering the grain. At the
same time it is one of the hardest
tasks as well as one of the severest
tests of endurance; and strange to say
the world pays little attention to this
important work, for the man on the
binder is a man worthy of his rank
among men.

In the heated days of a long, dry
summer the harvest of grain becomes
a siege of endurance, which muscles
cannot always withstand. With heat
ranging from SO degrees to 110 degrees
the farmer steadfastly sticks to his
binder day after day and never wavers,
cutting away the sheaves of golden
grain.

And what is the essential feature of
this great work? Could it be done
without a binder? And can it be done
with a poor one? McCormick binders
were made especially to meet the
severe conditions just spoken of.
Things always seem to go wrong when
the mind and body are straining every
nerve to accomplish a certain purpose
under adverse circumstances, but the
user of the McCormick binder may rest
assured that trouble will never come
to him when using one of these ma-
chines, no matter how hot the sun, or
how tangled and heavy the grain may
be, for his binder is a binder with a
record.

HANDSOME HORSE PICTURE
FREE.

In order to ascertain how many per-
sons read the advertisements of the
Studebaker wagons, carriages and har-
ness, if you will write us a letter of
not more than 100 words, telling us
how many of our advertisements you
have read, where you saw them and
what you think of them, we will send
you absolutely free, our beautiful
water color lithograph. "Typical
American Show Horses," 12x27 inches,
printed in seven colors.

To the six persons sending the best
letters, we will send this picture hand-
somely framed. All others will re-
ceive the picture ready for framing.
Contest closes June 1st, when pic-
tures will be awarded. We know you
will be glad to have it. Send to-day
while you think of it. Address, Stude-
baker Bros. Mfg. Co.. South Bend. Ind.

A SHOCK BINDER.
Among the new advertisements in
this issue, is that of the Fontaine
Shock Binder Co. This firm is offer-
ing: what seems to us to be a very
useful device in the shape of a Corn
Shock Binder. It is a small windlass,
weighing 3 pounds, and is operated by
a simple pressure of the hand which
will tighten the shock so it will not
fall or be blown down. The shock thus
tightened will turn water a great deal
better than one bound by the hand
only. Look up the ad and send for a
descriptive circular and testimonials.

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

g*g BEEN FOLLY
TESTED AND FOOTTD
SUPERIOR TO ALL
OTHERS.
Will fit # uneven
ground without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest

goultry farms are using this fence — over < 00 rods
y Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for
freetcatalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn.#
....... »

WIRE • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can-
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0.

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire
FENCES AND GATES

If your dealer does not have our
goods in stock you can buy direct
at Manufacturers' Price. Write
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus, Ohio.

■ -1

— -

-

•

.

THE WIRE BOARD FENCING

Strongest, most durable and economical fencing
on the market. This is a strong statement, but Is
based on actual experience . and absolute facts, w e
hnve the proof. Write forfrei- sample and circulars.
Tk. tnus * <*ble Fente Co., 610 Cojahos. Blag. .Clcclui.o.

IF YOU USE

ock and Farm Fence It don't matt

3tock you keep, they' 11 all be fenced.

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO.. Box 57, Adrian. Mick.

t> I r- >T >: 3 &._♦., r,.i. LEWH FENCE

ft ;»>K«I3W i»»>
|:l Ml

. S3 page Catalogue
free. SpeeUl Prices to Coane-
UtIm tad Churches. Address
CULLED &P1UXG FEME «0.
BOX Q WLacfawUr, lnd.

Iff

m

CllOr w*-''11 tell you the cheapest
fcl^Wfc andbestway to build it. Of
any kind of wire, for any requirement.
with cheap labor, no machine ana we'll tell
yon bow tofixyourold fences too. Write
B. B. FENCE CO.. 142 W. 3rd St., P«ra, Ind

FENCE!

STttOHGEST
MADE. Ban.

- - strong;. Chicken
tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholruk
Ma. r.l I j Wairmatod. C ta .Jog F»»

coLLin spsrsa nsa co,

■ ' • WliflMtir tadlau. C. ft. A

Mention The Southebn Plajtib
when corresponding with advertisers.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

'349

Corn

must have a sufficient supply of

Potash

in order to develop into a crop.
No amount of Phosphoric
Acid or Nitrogen can compen-
sate for a lack of potash in
fertilizers [for
grain and all
other crops].

We shall be glad

send free to any

little book-

about soil culture

QERHAN KALI WORKS,

RELIABLE SEED

FOR THE FARM AND GARDEN.
Cow Peas, Soja Beans, Sorghums,
Millets, Teosinte, Kaffir Corn, Held
Corns, Buckwheat and all varieties of
Field and Harden Seeds of the highest
quality and germination. Fertilizers for
all crops. Write ue for quotations.

CATALOG MAILED FRKE.

OIGGS & BEADLES,

1709 East Franklin Street,
RICHMOND, VA.

Pumpkin Seed.

VIRGINIA MAMMOTH, largest and most
productive variety for table and stock. Cost
nothing to grow In corn field, but price of
seed,, and greatly benefits corn by shading
the roots. Splendid keeper. Fresh selected
seed. 35c. pound delivered; 5 pounds or over,
at 30c. E. C. BELLWOOD, R. F. D., No. 1,
Manchester, Va.

SEED
CORN

A beautiful white variety and a wonderful
ylelder : 2 to A large ears to a stalk ; don't fail
to try it.

HIGH GRADE RED POLL and Aberdeen-
Angus Cattle, both sexes.— Address,

LOUIS B. GILLILAND, Jr., Clarksville, Va.

BERMUDA GRASS ROOTS.

50t per bu.; 10 bus. and over, 37Jc
P. N. LITTLE, Bold Spring, Ga.

SAFONI

"Golden Seal"

as a money crop ;
its com mercial
value, cultivation
and profits. Attractive booklet 25 cents.

J. HOAQ, Jr., Tomhannock, N. Y. '

NOVEL UNDERTAKING.

When it comes to novel and difficult
feats in the engineering line, Pitts-
burgh easily takes the lead over any
city in the country. Only a little more
than a year ago the young firm of
Kress-Hanlon Company successfully
performed the arduous undertaking of
moving one of the Standard Oil Com-
pany's great steel tanks by boats on
the Allegheny river, attracting to
themselves thereby the notice of en-
gineers and of the scientific press all
over the country.

The latest undertaking of this char
acter and probably the most difficult
and perilous so far attempted, will be
the removal by river next week of a
large two story brick building, weigh-
ing over 160 tons, from Sharpsburg,
Pa., to Allegheny.

Actuated by sentimental reasons,
Mr. H. J. Heinz, the founder and pres-
ent head of the great Pickling and
Preserving Company bearing his
name, has for many years desired to
bring into the midst of the company's
handsome group of buildings in Alle-
gheny, the old place built by his
father fifty years ago — the building
in which thirty-five years ago the busi-
ness of H. J. Heinz Company was
started, and there convert it into a
museum for the preservation of relics
and curios; but the obstacles in the
way of moving it by road were insur-
mountable.

Mr. Heinz was unwilling to tear the
building down and reconstruct it, pre-
ferring if possible, to preserve the
original building intact, and various
building movers were consulted as iu
the practicability of moving the house
by river; but the difficulty of hand-
ling a brick structure safely %m a
swaying boat in the swift current of
the Allegheny river made the risk of
disaster seem too great, and nothing
was done in the matter until the pres-
ent spring, when the Kres-Hanlon
Company, encouraged by their pre-
vious successful accomplishment,
agreed to undertake the task, using
the river as a highway, and about a
month ago the building was lifted
from its foundations and started on
its journey to the river bank.

The trip down the river will be full
of exciting interest, as several bridges
must be passed, one of which is so low
that the boats will have to be lowered
several feet by scuttling, and then
pumped out after the bridge is passed.
Many representatives of the press will
be on the tow boat as guests of the
H. J. Heinz Company, when the trip
is made, which if no mishap occurs,
will probably require something more
than half a day. including the passage
of the locks just above the Heinz
Plant. — Pittsburgh Press.

Daughter — Are all men bad, papa?

Father — No-no, my child; you will
always be safe with your grandpa and
me.

LICE.

KILL THE LICE AND MITES OB your
fowls and chicks with GIBSON'S LIQUID
LICE KILLER, and GIBSON'S INSECT
POWDER. Paint the Liquid on the roosts
and bottom of Coops, and dust the Powder In
the nest boxes. Both guaranteed or money
refunded.

Liquid Lice Killer. $1.00 per gallon; one-
half gallon. 60c. Insect Powder, 5 oz. box,
15c; and 16 oz. box, 40c. postpaid.

Agents wanted. Liberal terms.
GIBSON & LAMB, Wext Alexander. Pa.

Poultry House Swarming with Lice.

GIBSON & LAMB:

Gentlemen, — The can of liquid louse killer
I obtained from you did the work most effec-
tually. The poultry house was fairly swarm-
ing with lice, as well as the fowls. I painted
the roosts and dropping boards thoroughly
with the liquid, and have been unable to dis-
cover a louse since. It not only kills lice,
but I consider it a disinfectant and preven-
tive of disease. They should erect a monu-
ment in "Hen Heaven" to Gibson as being
the discoverer of the greatest boon to poultry
in existence. EDWIN B. COLLINS,

Pequot Poultry Yards, Mystic, Conn.

Oh, when you want the business done
By play that's strong and steady.

Just take a look at old SLUG SHOT,
For that's the stuff that's ready.

TRADE MARK-

SOLD BY THE SEED DEALERS.

For pamphlet on Bugs and Blights,
address, Benj. Hammond, Fishkill-on-
Hudson, N. Y.

The Only Cow Food

Which removes Garlic,
Onion and Weed Taint
from Milk. Sendforeir-
cular to
VA. CATTLE FOCD CO.

'-;-':.

«:««•

emitnw1™""" danviile. virmm
FOR SALE BY

E. B. McGeorge, Richmond, Va.

W. H. Harrison Co., Petersburg, Va.

W. A. Miller & Son
Lynchburg, Va.

R. G. Hlatt.
Greensboro, N. C.

Raleigh Milling Co., Raleigh, N. C.

J. M. Starr & Co., Yorkville, S. C.

T. J. Wills & Co.. Charlottesville, Va.

Dr. L. S. Ricketts. Orange, Va.

Jennings ft Co
Richardson Drug C«

MODERN CANNER FOR $25

Complete farm canning plant, Including
cans, tools, etc. Write to-day. MOD'ERN
CAXNKK CO.. Bridgeport. Alabama.

A neat Binder for your back aum-
bers can be had for 25 cents. AddreM
our Business Office.

350

TEE SOUTIERN PLANTER.

[May,

Northern Virginia,

Grain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue
Grass Farms of Every Class within
•no nour of Washington, D. C.

LOUDOUN COtJNXY
Farms a Specialty....

datalogue on application.

P. B. BUELL & SON,
Real Estate Brokers,

Hern don, Fairfax Co., Va.

HOMES*1

FIND THEM.

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, forthemoney
inyested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; alimate food, and the best »f
markets close at hand. It is the Stata
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company after superior advantages ta
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vinlta, Va.

C &OMain St. Depot, Richmond, Va.

.♦To Homeseekers,*

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

la th« title of a Dew pamphlet issues by the
Narfalk and Western Railway Company. We
wtH gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Ajrt.,
Q. P. A., Lands aad ImmlfraUaa,
Roaaoke. Va.

... FOR SALE...

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OP
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

25. BO, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2.000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly Improved and conve-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia
farm, see Hockaday & Casselman. Richmond,
Va.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.; LAW-
RENCE CASSELMAN, Ex-Auditor McLaine
Co., N. Dakota.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If Incited li oae nf these Virginia c*untles-
frlici George, Chenternel*. King William
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen,
Haanver. Send description, stating price.

Cultivation and Storage
of Sweet Potatoes.

instructions from start to finish thorough-
Plan! hold good the year round.
By mall (preferably by M. O.), 5« cents.

If ynu register, deduct fee. BRYAN TYSON,

Box, 211, Carthage, N. C.

THE BUSINESS PARMER.
It is generally conceded to-day that
the successful farmer is the business
farmer, the one who runs his farm on
strictly business principles. He keeps
careful account each year of what
every department has cost him and
what returns it has brought, and if
the balance is not on the right side he
immediately investigates. If the dairy
department, for instance, does not pay
he locates the leak. It may be that
he has not been feeding his cattle to
secure the greatest amount of butter
fat in the cream, so he immediately
proceeds to remedy this defect. Per-
haps he has not secured the net profit
which the size of his crops warranted
him in expecting. This may be due
to the fact that labor cost him too
much or that his binder was old or
too flimsy to do the work quickly and
thoroughly. In the latter case he
needs a new machine and the busi-
ness farmer immediately proceeds to
buy a Deering binder, because it is
constructed to give satisfaction to the
farmer. Deering harvesting machines
make money for the farmer because
they are durable and wear well, and
consequently require few repairs, and
because they are constructed on prin-
ciples that are mechanically correct.
Deering Ideal machines are known
the world over for these sterling qual-
ities, and they are an essential part
of the farm equipment of every prac-
tical business farmer.

Make Your Idle Money
Earn You Interest.

A PUMP A MINUTE.
The 500 expert mechanics employed
by F. E. Myers & Bro., Ashland, Ohio,
turn out one Myers Pump every min-
ute of the working day, besides Myers
Hay Carriers and other articles in
like proportion. This is the largest
plant in the United States, manufac-
turing pumps and hay tools exclusive-
ly, and during the twenty-five years
that the co-partnership has existed its
record has been most enviable in re-
spect to the quality of its goods and
the integrity of its business dealings.
In soliciting the patronage of our read-
ers, F. E. Myers & Bro. do so on the
merits of their goods. "Take oft your
hat to the Myers" has become a phrase
of more than ordinary purport to both
the trade and the retail customer, and
its association with the Myers pumps
is immediate in every mind. Their
newest catalogue of pumps and hay
tools can be had for the asking.

HAMMOND'S STATG SHOT.
Elsewhere in this issue, will be
found the advertisement of B. Ham-
mond, Pishkill, N. Y. For a great
number of years, he has advertised
Slug Shot in the Southekn Planter
as hundreds of our readers know. This
well known insecticide has found
favor with farmers, truckers and mar-
ket-gardeners for about 25 years, and
the army of users grows steadily each
year. Write to Mr. Hammond for a
free pamphlet on "Bugs and Blights."

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Our experience proves this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of $10».»»
or more.

Our Cap tal and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

VIRGINIUS NEWTON, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vica-Pres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPL1N, Assistant Cashier.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Hnnaes for all; Health for all; Happiness and
Independence for all. All sizes of Fakmb at
corresponding prlceB, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

• -•».• VIRGINIA1 FARMS •-*-•

Nice little naultry farm, 100 acres, good hause
and orchard, 1500.00. Blue Uruss, Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
Louisa, Va.

Bo South

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
> Norfolk, Va.

CHIC CADMC in the great fruit grain and
NHL rAnmO stock section of VIRGINIA.

Best climate and water In the U. 8. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages.
For further Information, address

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres. Charlottesville, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

II price* aad sizes. FY** list •» appUeattaa.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va.

VJRGINIA FARMS

S3 PEP. ACRE AND UPWARDS.

4AST PATMBNTS. CATALOGUB FRnM.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va.

Established l»7».

BACK NUMBERS

WANTED. We will pay 10 cents a copy for
all of last year's numbers. We have several
subscribers who want various Issues, and
others who want the entire volume. Drop us
a postal stating what numbers you are willing
to dispose of. Will pay cash or credit your
subscription.

SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

1894.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

351

GREAT BARGAINS IN

VIRGINIA FARMS.

Beliw i give a few of the many choice offerings I have of Virginia Real Estate ; fuller particulars, if desired.

No. s.

Castalns 163 acres; one-half unaar
cultivation; balance in secana-grawth
timber. Good seven-room dwelling an*
necessary outbuildings; good orchard
la Ine fruit section. Farm lies near
Sautkern railroad, twenty miles fram
Washiagtam; well watered; a splend
dairy farm. Price, $2,090.

No. 16.

1S9 acres — 20 acres hardwoad, bal-
ance in gaod state of improvement, aad
a spleadid quality of red clay subsail;
59 acres in wkeat aad timothy; 20
acre3 In meadow, balance is mew land.
and will be for corn next spring. Situ-
ated i« excellent neighborhood of re-
fined people. Twenty-two miles from
Washington, 6 miles from Herndon
Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort-
able 4-reent heune aad all bn"
Farm watered by large branches.
Price, $29.98 per acre. Terms, to suit
purchaser.

No. 17.

89 acres — 15 acres in hardwaod, bal-
ance la grasa, except 29 acre* far corn.
Fronts on pike; 5 miles fram railroad
station. Watered by large branch.
All in good state of cultivation. Na
buildings. Price $18.09 per acre. Easy
terms.

No. 22.

225 acres in Loudoun county, 2 1-2
miles from railroad station, 40 acres
In oak and hickory timber, soil ma-
hagaay clay, stiff clay subsoil, fine
graia and grass land, all level and
well drained, one to two miles from
three churches and post-office. Run-
ning water in every field. Land in
good state of production, free from
stones. A good seven-room dwelling,
dry cellar, shady lawn, a large barn,
complete with stalls, grain room and
driveway. Water in barn yard, double
corn crib, meat and poultry house, all
in good repair. Deep well at kitchen
door. Situated in refined neighbor-
hood. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 23.
50 acres in Fairfax county, 2 miles
from town, 10 acres in timber, 3 acres
in apples, peaches, pears and cherries.
Situated 13 miles from Washington,
high state of cultivation. Operated
now as a plants and market garden.
Improvements, a nice two-story seven-
room dwelling, barn 40x50. work shop,
hog, poultry and meat houses, all in

excellent repair. Situated on macadam
road. Price, $2,650.

No. 25.

175 acres in Rockbridge county, 1 1-2
miles from Buena Vista, Va. 120 acres
in blue grass, 10 acres in wheat, 15
acres for corn, balance in timber. Soil
lime stone clay, high state of improve-
ment. Land gently rolling and well
fenced. New 10-room dwelling, two
large porches, good 5-room tenant
house and other small outbuildings,
barn was burned, stone foundation
37x50 in good repair. Good spring in
every field. Price $5,300.

No. 28.

516 acres in Rockbridge county, 1 1-2
miles from town, near railroad; 300
acres of cleared land, 70 acres in
wheat. 26 acres in white oak and hick-
ory timber. 230 acres in blue grass and
timothy sod, 190 acres of mineral land,
1 mile from railroad, cleared land in
high state of cultivation, excellent
fences. Improvements — new 10-room
brick dwelling with three cellars, hot
and cold water in house, telephone
connections with county and long dis-
tance phones, barn 44x60, stable 30x45,
sheep barn 24x15, double corn crib
and granary 25x30, machine, car-
riage, ice and poultry houses, two 5
room tenant houses. Price, $16,000;
one-third cash and balance on 10 year
time if desired.

No. 31.

2 acre lot. situated at intersection
of three public highways, in a prosper-
ous and thickly settled neighborhood.
Improvements — a 2-story 6-room dwell-
ing, a large store house, 5 rooms over
the store, a feed stable 18x40, 20 feet
high, blacksmith shop, wheelwright
shop, and 4-room tenant house, all oc-
cupied and in excellent repair. Price,
$1,500. Fine business stand.
No. 34.

50 acres — Truck and fruit farm in
Virginia, near steam and electric rail-
road. 12 miles from Washington, 10
acres in timber. This farm is almost
covered with fruit trees, namely,
peaches, pears, plums, cherries, apples,
crab apples and berries. Land is
smooth and gently rolling, watered by
several springs. Improvements — 5-
room frame dwelling, barn 30x35, corn
crib, granary, wagon and wood shed,
hog, poultry and meat houses, all in

good repair. In excellent neighbor-
hood. Price, $5,000.

No. 30.

50 acres in Loudoun county, 3 1-2
miles from railroad. Land chocolate
clay; 5 acres in timber, 3 acres in
apple orchard 10 years old. Land In
good condition. Improvements — a new
6-room dwelling not quite finished, a
large stable, and other small farm
buildings in fair condition. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33.

400 acres in Loudoun county, con-
venient to railroad, level road, 49
acres in timber, balance cleared, di-
vided into eight fields, running water
in all, good fence. Land well set in
timothy and clover. Soil mahogany
clay and some yellow loam, fine grain
and grass land. Situated in pleasant
neighborhood, 24 miles from Washing-
ton. Improvements — 7-room dwelling,
1 1-2 story, new sheep barn and new
cow barn, large stable for 9 horses,
machine sheds, granary, corn crib,
poultry house, fine spring house with
large spring at edge of lawn. This
farm is smooth and level. There ara
about 300 sheep and lambs on , ills
farm. If farm is sold by May 20th,
1904, the farm and sheep and one-haif
of the lambs can be bought for $8,509
on easy terms.

No. 35.

400 acres in Loudoun county, 26
miles from Washington, 60 acres in
timber, balance cleared, smooth and
just a little rolling, divided into seven
fields, excellent fences, running water
in all. 50 acres in wheat. 230 acres of
orchard grass, blue grass, timothy
and clover. Any of this land will
grow from 40 to 50 bushels of corn to
the acre without fertilizer. Improve-
ments— handsome 8-room dwelling
with closets, pantry and cellar, two
long porches, new barn 30x100 feet,
stalls for 12 horses and 50 big cattle,
4-room tenant house, granary and all
other necessary small farm houses in
excellent repair, large store house
near dwelling, post-office in store, tele-
phone in house. There are 30 threa
year old cattle on this farm. If farm is
sold by the 20th of May. 1904. the farm
and 30 cattle can be bought for
$9,000; one-third cash, balance to suit
the purchaser.

I have a number of other good farms for sale, both large and small, Write me description of
wha t you want, and I shall be more than pleased to serve you.

W. E. MILLER, Herndon, Va.

352

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

All Sheep

i are a prey to scab, lice, ticks, etc.
lYou should act promptly with the
? sovereign remedy. Don't experi-
ment; others have done it for you.
The result is they all endorse

Zenoleum

Used exclusively by Government
Experiment Stations, Agricultural
Colleges and leading sheep men
everywhere. Relieves from ticks,
red lice, and maggots, removes
intestinal worms, heals wounds
and sores, and prevents contagion
among all anunals.

"The Great Coal Tar Carbolic

Disinfectant Dip."

Mixed with water only, requires

no chemicals. One gallon makes

100 gallons of dip.

Sample pal., express prepaid, tl.50.

Five gallons, ireigat prepaid, $(1.25.
Send for booklet*. " Veterinary Adviser"
and "Piggie'a Troubles." both. free.

Zenner Disinfectant Co.
93 Bates St.
Detroit, Michigan-

COOPER

& SHEEP Dip

Standard of the World

for 60 years. Used on 250 millions an-
nually. One dipping kills Ticks, Lice
and Nits. No smell. Keeps flock clean a
long time. Increases growth ot wool.
Dipping Tanks at cost.
Send lor Pamphlet to Chicago.
If local druggists cannot supply, send
$1.75 for $2.00 (100 gal.j pkt. to
JOHNSON 6: STOKES, Philadelphia, Pa.
Q. A. KELLY & CO., Pittsburg, Pa.
W1H. COOPER &NEPMEW5, Chicago, III.

SECRET

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMER*
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly sick
t2C weekly accident and (2,000 death benefit,
and (60 old age pension. Organizers waited,
good pay. KNIGHTS OF AGRICULTURE
Washington, D. C.

THE ADVANTAGES OF A WATER
TELEGRAPH.

MABT WASHINGTON.

Nothing is more essential to the
comfort and well-being of a household
than an abundant supply of water,
fresh, pure water, but it is often quite
a serious problem to country people
how they are to get this. Most per-
sons living in the country build (or
inherit from their ancestors) their
dwelling house on a hill, partly for the
sake of health, and partly for the sake
of the view, and as springs have a
perverse way of having a low location,
it is often a perplexing matter to us
how we are to get an unstinted sup-
ply of water for drinking, cooking and
bathing purposes. In slavery times,
we had relays of little negroes, whose
chief duty in life was to "tote" fresh
water from the spring, and this they
did, at short intervals throughout the
day, so we were not subjected to any
stint or inconvenience about our wa-
ter supply, no matter how far off the
spring might be. The little negroes
who used to be such good water car-
riers are now turned into poor schol-
ars, staggering under the weight of
their school books, or else they are
scattered far and wide by the migra-
tions of their parents, or even if at
hand, they are no longer available to
us.

In view of the changed condition of
things, we are compelled to call in the
aid of machinery of some kind to make
good the shortage in our water sup-
ply. There are several expedients to
which we may resort. In the first
place, we may dig a well, but in some
localities, this is very difficult and ex-
pensive, owing to the nature of the
soil and in some cases it is almost im-
posible to strike water. Again, if a
person is in easy circumstances, not
hampered by a mortgage or any press-
ing debt, it is an excellent plan to have
a wind mill., if we have a favorable
location for one. A wind mill is un-
doubtedly a great boon to a household,
and it is also of the greatest utility
about the flower garden, vegetable
garden, lawn and stables, if you have
pipes laid to convey the water to these
different points. I have seen it tried
with signal success; the vegetables
throve, the flowers flourished luxu-
riantly, the grass kept green through-
out the heat and drought of summer,
and moreover, the family could in-
dulge in unlimited bathing by means
of the water conveyed into their
dwelling whenever the wind blew, en-
abling them vividly to appreciate the
force of the proverb that "it is an ill
wind that blows no good."

But the drawback about a wind mill
is that it is not within the compass of
every one's means, especially when
you add the adjunct of piping, and
therefore I have an alternative to pro-
pose; a water telegraph. This is really
the most feasible and practicable
scheme I have seen proposed. It is so
simple and inexpensive that it is eas-

No good
grocer sells a
lamp-chim-
ney without
Macbeth on it

You need to know how to manage your
lamps to have comfort with them at small cost.
Better read my Index ; I send it free.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

Kills 'em Quick

^▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼^

lie 3

Death ]

t Powder?

^..AAAAAAAAAAAAAAJ
NOT A POISON, but a remarkable discov-
ery which is very effective in causing stupe-
faction and death to all kinds of Insects in-
fecting Poultry, Animals. Plants and Houses.
Put up in a box ingeniously arranged for con-
veniently dusting or blowing the powder
where wanted.

Send 25c. to MAGIC FOOD CO., Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., and get a book by mail. A
beautiful picture in colors suitable for fram-
ing given FREE with each order during the
next 30 days. Rid your Chickens of Lice,
Pet Animals of Fleas, etc. Your House of
Bed Bugs, Flies and Mosquitoes, by tke use
of MAGIC DEATH POWDER.

200,000

Cabbage Plants.

ALL HEAD, SUCCESSION, and CHARLES-
TON, nice stalky outdoor grown, 25c. per 100;
$1.50 per 1,000. Now is the time to plant my fine
collection of mixed Dahlias, 75c. per 12; $5.00 per
100; (40 per M, Yellow Cannas, 50c. per 12; $4-00
per 100, all by express. By mail, 4 ef my btst
varieties of Hardy Chrysanthemums 50c. »ef 12
Strawberry plants. Mark T. Thompsom, Rio
ViBta Va.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild" Tarkeya. Walta
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Bob Walta *»
Grey Squirrels, Bear, Ste.

CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twelfth St. N.iW., Washington. D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

353

Spavii*

i

Bone Spavin. Boe Spavin, Ringbone or
any kind of blemish— we have what r—
need to make a certain cure. Guaranti
always— money right back if It ever falls.

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid)

for the soft bunches— Paste for the hard
ones. A 45-mlmite application and the
lameness groes. Lots of blemish infor-
mation in the free book we send.

rFislulcv

arvd

fPoll Evil

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure

wonder— guaranteed to cure any
case— money back if it falls. Nocuttlnp—
no scar. Leaves the horse sound and
smooth. Write for our free book on
diseases and blemishes of horses.

IT'S
GOOD

Kor every horse, cow, hog

or sheep, and it is the only
ledy which they take
voluntarily and relish ,

Blackman's
Medicated
Salt Brick

bci

for

lebrated Vetera
id being so {lit-;
t to take, on account of the salt taste, do
away with all trouble of dosing-, drencllil
and mixing with feed. It is tinequaled as
blood puriher, aider of digestion and gene
system regulator. '1 housands endorse it.
Specinl Offer - We will send four
brick, prepaid to anv address upon
receipt of $1 i 0. which will be che
fully refunded if you are not
in every wav pleased.
Sold bv dealers. BLACKMAN
STOCK REMEDY CO., 927 High-
land Park, Chattanooga. T:nn.

mejidne which nukes
sick animals well, the diseased
whole, the weak strong and the
thin fat. It will restore lost Appetite,
expel Worms and cure Chronic Cough,
Heaves, Influenza, Distemper, Hide-
bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flat-
i ulency and aS Stomach and Bowel

CATTLE
POWDER

DAVID E.FCUTZ

BALT/MOPS.MD,

DEATH TO HEAVES

NEWTON'S Ueitf, Cough, Dli<
temper and Indigestion tore.

Strong r,

■ . ui I >< :iI,ts. Ml.- ..
The Newton Remedy Co.,
Toledo, Ohio.

recimmcndi.

ily within the reach of persons or
moderate, or even small means. Ten
dollars will cover every expense con-
nected with putting up one, nor is its
cheapness its chief, or only desidera-
tum. It is extremely useful and effica-
cious, and its working is so easy and
simple that a child of ten years old can
readily draw water by means of it. It
is an inestimable treasure to a person
whose house is perched on a high hill,
with the spring at the foot of it; es-
pecially in winter when the hill is fre-
quently cased in ice, snow or sleet, or
else miry from long rainy spells. You
build a little lodge on the brow of the
hill exactly opposite to the spring, so
as to have a place to put the windlass
and other fixtures needed for the water
telegraph, and to enable persons to
draw water under shelter when it is
raining or snowing. Of course, you
have an opening on the side through
which the bucket has to pass. Then
you have a row of posts about 12 feet
high and 20 yards apart, extending
between the little lodge and the spring.
An iron bracket hook is inserted in
the right side of each of these posts,
and over these is tightly stretched the
wire cable over which the bucket
passes. The bracket hook is placed
lower in each successive post so. as
to gradually bring the wire low
enough as it approaches the spring for
the bucket to dip in the water. Final-
ly the wire after crossing the spring
finds its terminus in the ground a lit-
tle farther on. The bucket is lowered
and drawn up by means of a rope. It
should be of block tin, holding from
two to three gallons. About once a
month, it is well to apply machine oil
to the machinery of the water tele-
graph to keep it from creaking and
working stiffly. Your correspondent
has been using one of these water tel-
egraphs for three years, so she is in
a position to judge of their merits and
great utility. I believe it would be im-
possible to get any other contrivance
at once so simple and inexpensive,
and yet so efficacious and useful. They
are not new fangled inventions. 1
have a distinct recollection of seeing
one of them in use in my early child-
hood, before the war.

The commencement exercises of Lit-
tleton Female College, Littleton, N. C,
will begin on Sunday, May the 22d,
with a sermon before the faculty and
students of the College, by Rev. G. F.
Smith, Presiding Elder of the Warren-
ton District. On Wednesday, the 25th,
Dr. C. W. Byrd, of Atlanta, will preach
the annual sermon in the College
chapel. The commencement address
will be delivered on Thursday the 26th,
by Rev. R. D. Smart, D. D.. of Norfolk.
Va. In place of the usual annual ad-
dress on missions before the Y. M. C.
A., there will be, this year, a series of
three addresses on missions. These
will be delivered by Bishop A. W. W1I-
son. of Baltimore, Md.. on the evenings
of April 12th. 13th and 14th.

Warranted

to give satisfaction.

GOMBALLT'S

CAUSTIC BALSAM

A safe, speedy
positive cure

for

Curb , Splint , Sweeny, Capped Hock ,
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs,
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.
Removes all Bunches from Horses «r
Cattle.

is invaluable.

Every bottle of Ca

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1.5#
' bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by «

Salsaai sold is

press, charges paid, with full directio

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testuiio-

nials, etc. Address

THE LAWRENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, 01ii».

INCUBATORS - ON . .30 - DAYS - TRIAL

A certain and never failing Business Hatcher.
Reasonable in price; best in quality, and always
reliable. Thousands of these machines are in
successful operation here at home and abread.

Our handsome catalogue is free for the asking,
send for a copy at once, before you select a ma-
chine and make a mistake. Address The Stand-
ard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 23, Rochester, N. Y.

Mention this Journal.

Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. f. MASSEY.
383 Pp. Cloth. St. 00: Paper. 60c.

We offer thla splendid work la connec-
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. SI. 25
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c
Old or aew ■abacrlptieaa.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cent9. Address
our Business Office.

354

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

Get the shaving
habit and use
Williams' Shav-
ing Soap. It pays.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for z-cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet " How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct-

SILVER-LACED

WYANDOTTES.

•Egg's For Hatching.
1 1*1.90 per IB from strong tad
healthy birds of leading
strains. A few choice pullets
at $1 each. Pnre-bred Poland
China Pigs at$5.*Beacb.

Dr. H. H. LEE,

R.F.D. 2. Lexington, Va.

WALSH'S

Barred Plymouth RocKs

Higk class combination utility »»d
exkioitiom stock. Best blood. Bred
fr»M prolilc layers of large brew»
egRS. Eggs, $1.60 per 15.

L. W. WALSH,

Sox 194. Lynchburg, Va.

CHOICE

Of 4t Varieties Best Poultry. Fine, large Il-
lustrated descriptive Poultry Book postpaid.
•«ly «c. Price list FREE. Write now.
JBHN E. HEATWOLE, Prop. Valley Poultry
Farms, Harrisonburg, Va.

Partridge Cochins,

BLACK BREASTED RED GAMES S C
RHODE ISLAND REDS, S. C. WHITE LEG-
HORNS.

Eggs, $1.25 per 15; $2.00 per 30. If we do
net have what you want, write us and we
will tell you where to get It. RIVERSIDE
POULTRY FARM. J. B. COFPMAN & SONS,
Dayton, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rocks

PRIZE WINNERS, THOROUGHBRED.
The matchless F. F. V. strain founded en
Bradley Bro»., Thompson and ethers Ply-
nsenth Rocka, are recognized as the beat
general purpose fowl. Improve ynur stock
by new bleod. Fancy stock for nkow room.
Large, vigorous birds for farm. Eggs, J1.5*
to $3 for 16. Circular free. VIRGINIA HILL
POULTRY FARM, Bristol, Va.-Tenn.

for HATCHING, carefully packed for $1 per
setting of 15. Reduction on large orders.
M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

JOE CHAMBERLAIN'S PLAN.
England seems to listen with rapt
attention to Mr. Chamberlain's argu-
ments in favor of a protective tariff
which will mean, among other things,
discrimination against American food
stuffs in favor of those of the British
colonies. Should Mr. Chamberlain
ultimately win out, as it seems prob-
able that he will, American food stuffs
must find another market; so we have
been turning our eyes toward Asia.
The possibilities of our Asiatic trade
are stupendous, and it seems only rea-
sonable to presume that the Orient
will gladly receive all the American
farmer can produce. Wheat and flour
have been shipped from Minneapolis
to Hong Kong for approximately $8
per ton, the cheapest rate known in
the history of transportation. Cheap
rates coupled with the determined
Asiatic policy of our government,
which insures a free field and equal
opportunities to all, will stimulate the
American farmer to increase the pro-
ductive capacity of his land. No sin-
gle circumstance affects this condition
as much as improved labor saving
farm machinery. Save time, save
labor, save products by using the Mil-
waukee machines. Constructed to en-
dure and give satisfaction, Milwaukee
machines will be found to meet every
requirement of the farmer, and en-
able him to supply the increasing de-
mand for American products.

FARMING IN THEODOSIA.

A competent authority in Theodosia
writes to a prominent English agri-
cultural journal regarding the condi-
tion of agriculture and the sale of
agricultural implements as follows:

"American makers of harevsting
machines are fast monopolizing this
branch; their machines, being much
lighter than British makes, are more
suitable to the country and the small
breed of horses. Most American
farms have their own depots in Rus-
sia and their own people to manage
them; these central depots appoint
agents in different towns, and they
also have travellers and specialists
travelling to find out in what way
their machines require altering to suit
the country. If British makers wish
to compete and get a firm hold of this
market, they must adopt some of the
ways of their rivals, otherwise I am
afraid British machines in a few years
will be completely ousted from this
country."

The above opinion illustrates the
thoroughness with which the Ameri-
can manufacturer carries out an un-
dertaking, sparing no expense to pro-
duce a perfect product. The farmer
in Theodosia. where Piano harvesting
machines at work in the field are a
common sight, like the farmer in this
country points to his Piano binder as
an example of American ingenuity
and progressiveness, which the au-
thority says above, is rapidly ousting
English machines in Russia.

White Leghorns.

Eggs $2.00 per 15 ; $5.00 per 60 ; $7.50
per 100. Circular shows winnings.
C. G. M. Fink, R. F. D. 2,

Richmond, Va.

WINTER LAYERS

for Southern farmers. Ten years' experience
with fowls has taught me that WYAN-
DOTTES and BUFF ORPINGTONS excel in
winter laying. Blue grass S. C. ORPING-
TONS (from imported stock). Eggs, $1.50 per
13. First class BUFF and WHITE WYAN-
DOTTE. Eggs, S1.00 per 13. M. B. TURK-
EYS IN FALL. HUGUENOT POULTRY
YARDS. Dublin, Va.

BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS.
POLAND-CHINA PIGS.

Book your orders early for eggs from our
solid Buff Orpingtons. Orders can only bo
filled In turn. Sold out on cockerel* lone
ago, and no stock till fall. Eggs, 81.50 per 15.
Orpingtons only. Poland China pigs, $7 for
pair; $3.75 for one.

OCCONEECHEB FARM,

Mecklenburg Co. JEFFR, VA.ES8

PEKIN DUCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN,
and B. P. ROCK Eggs $1.00 per 20.

Scotch Collie Pups,

Pedigreed, $5.00 each.

C. H. BENNETT, Goodman, Va.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

These cocks won 90 per cent, of battles
'ought In 1902 and 1903, and have never lost
i battle when gameness and cutting quail-
lea could win. Eggs $2 per 16; stock for sale.
THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, V«.

For Pure-bred
WHITE LEGHORN

Eggs at 75c. per sitting and Cockerels at $1
each, Address MRS. W. P. ALLEN, Walnut
Hill, Va.

Fresh Laid Eggs

of Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Barred Ply-
mouth Rock, White Wyandotte and S. C. B.
Leghorn Chickens. Safe delivery Insured.
Prices reasonable. MISS CLARA L. SMITH.
Croxton, Caroline Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER.

355

LEGHORN POULTRY FARM

for sale a limited number ef S. C.
BROWN end S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
Pallets and Reeaters. Best Uyen 1cb»wb,
Prise WluUg Stock. Price, HM, J1.60 each.
■ggs In season at J1.M far 1«; *2.»» 'or M;
U.M per 1M. Satlsfactloa guaraateed.

lUnul. T. MATTHEWS. Btx 36. Parksley. Vl

EGGS from Fine Fowls.

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks; Sil-
ver, White, Buff and Partridge Wyandettes;
Black Minorcas ; Black Langshans ; Light
Brahaaas; Buff and Partridge Cochins; White
and Brawn Leghorns.

♦♦♦♦15 FOR $1.00 ♦♦♦♦
except the Wyandojtes w ch are $2.00 for 15

No stock except a few B. P. Rocks and Light
Brahmas. C. J. WARINER. Mgr., Ruffin, N. C.
Oakland Poultry Farm.

Farm=Raised Poultry.

Two distinct locks ef Mammoth Bronze Tur-
keys from which we make matinga for breeding
parposes at reasonable prices. Eggs in season.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,
▼HITK PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

BIRDS AND EGGS.
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, Tenn

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of 15.

Light Brahmas, Black Minorcas,
S. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W.
Rocks, Brown Leghorns S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C.

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON, Ma-
nassas, Va. Clover Hill Farm.

Racket Farms, Parksley, Va.

A. S. JOHNSON, Mgr.

Toulouse Qeese, Pekln Bucks,

OF LARGEST STRAINS.

RHODE ISLAND REDS. WYANDOTTES,

BROWN LEGHORNS. Can furnish Leghora

birds of best quality by the hundred. Geeae

eggs, ( for $1; all others, $1 per sitting, er

$5 per 10*.

Rhode Island Rede and water fowl a spe-
ciality. Belgian Hares cheap. Satisfactlem
guaranteed.

INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD
BOOMING.

Under date of April 6th, the Inter-
national Stock Food Co. writes us as
follows: "We have just closed the
largest month In the history of our
business. The year 1904 promises to
be a record breaker for 'International
Stock Food' as our trade is rapidly in-
creasing from month to month. Ow-
ing to the great increase in our busi-
ness, we have been compelled to put
39 additional typewriters in our office
since January 1st, making a total of
106. Our office force now numbers
over 200 people."

This is certainly a record of which
any concern would be justly proud.
There is not one concern in a, thou-
sand which uses 39 typewriters all to-
gether much less an office force of 200
people. There must be some very good
reason for this very great evidence of
the prosperity of the International
Stock Food Co. We take it that it has
a very meritorious article and that the
farmers are finding it out by the thou-
sands.

An interesting ad of this company
appears on another page. Refer to it,
answer the questions and send for a
valuable book.

A prize of $5 is offered the readers
of the Southern Planter who have
been mail order buyers during the past
year. A large number of letters have
been sent out by the Long-Critchfleld
Corporation, the special Agricultural
Advertising Agency, to persons whose
names appear in catalogues with testi-
monials, asking them what induced
them to buy.

Was it the advertisements?

Was it the catalogues?

Did they make you a special offer?

Was it the first or second or subse-
quent letter you received from the
firm after receiving a catalogue?

What Is your opinion of follow-up
letters? Do they interest you. or do
you feel that you do not want to be
urged to buy an article?

Would you prefer to make up your
mind without such urging?

For the best answer, a prize of $5
Is to be given. While the Long-Critch-
fleld Corporation can write only to a
limited number of mail order buyers,
a letter from that firm states that this
announcement may be regarded as a
letter to subscribers of the Southern
Planter, and that they are eligible to
compete for the prize. The only con-
dition is that the letters be sent before
May 10th. They should be addressed
Long-Critchfield Corporation, Powers
Building, Chicago.

A lady, having sent an order for a
joint of mutton to the butcher who
usually supplied the wants of her
household, received the following note
in reply: "Dear Mem, — I am sorry I
have not killed myself this week, hut
you can have a leg off my brother. —
Your affectionate Butcher."

iwwws.'twwwtimi

...FEEDING OUR...

BABY CHICK FOOD

PRODUCES

HEALTHY CHICKS.

SAMPLE FOR THE ASKING.
INCUBATORS, :=: :=:
BROODERS AND
O--0 ; POULTRY SUPPLIES,

ALWAYS IN STOCK.!

JIRDS, PET STOCK, GOLD FISH

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER.

CATALOOUE FREE.

Having made a chamge in maaage-
aaeat we are better than ever, prepared
te make prerapt shipment.

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.,

S17-519IWest Broad St.,

Richmond, Va.

■ ■^■■■■■■■■■■■■■ini I^WHl

Edgewood Stock Farm.

WHITE WYANDOTTES.
This month your last chance to gat ceck-
erels. Special price for three. Cntckene
have rum ef large farm, se cockerels are aura
breeders. Eggs fer sale at SI desen. H. B.
ARBUCKLE, Maxweltem, W. Va.

NOW IS THE TIME,

to set eggs. My eggs are pro-
duced freaa seme ef the beat
stock in the country, aad will
give satisfaction. Prices rea-
sonable. G. F. FOINDBXTER,
Breeder ef WHITE WYAN-
DOTTES aad PEKIN DUCKS.
BROOK MOUND FARM,
Greealee, Rockbridge Co., Va.

EGGS

From my S. C. Black
Minorcas and S. C.
White Leghorns of the
rery best strains.

These breeds are raised on separate farms, and

have free raage. Eggs, 75c. per IB; $1.5» per Se;

W.eo per 100. I guaramtee two-thirds hatch, ar

replaoe at half price.

J. MILTON GARNETT, Prop.,
Mitchell's, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS.

Eggs for hatching from splendid lay-
ers, $1.00 per sitting. Pens mated for
best results.

R. W. HAW, Jr., Centralia, Va.

Edgemont Poultry Yards,
Liberty Mills, Va.

WHITE WYANDOTTES

and BUFF P. ROCKS.

Stack and Eggs for sale. Choice let ef Cock-
erels from Jl up; eggs, Jl fer 16, or Si par
106. JOHN A. REEDY. Prep.

Mention The Southern Plants*
when corresponding with advertiser*;.

356

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

PURE-BRED Barred Plymouth Rock Eggs,
from beautiful, well bred birds, at SI. 00 per 16.
P. Maxwell Conner, P O. Box 3 I <>, Richmond, Va.

Pure-bred Eggs

for Hatching. BARRED PLYMOUTH

ROCKS. S. C. BROWN and S. C. WHITE
LEGHORNS, BLACK LANGSHANS. $1 for
15: $5 for 100. 400 hens. PARK POULTRY
YARDS, Harrisonburg, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK

Eggs, 15 for 85c; 30 for $1.50; Buff Cochin,
15 for %l. Few pairs low. PEKIN DUCK
EGGS 12 for $1. One trio cheap. Incubators
low. Rev. J. W. IIECKMAN, Cascade, Va.

Silver » rtct-d Wvandolto.
No finer general purpose fowl in America.
Bred for beauty and utility. Eggs from choice
and pure bred stock, $l.2S per 13; 32.00 per 30.
Twtnty-three years a breeder and shipper.

S. P. YOueR, Denbigh, Va.

AVKite Minorcas,

Large well shaped birds. Prize winners.
and the best of Layers. Eggs supplied from
the best of matiugs. Shipped" safely any-
where. Catalog free. F. S. BULLINGTON,
Box P, Richmond, Va.

I BEST STRAIN

• m ■

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

The ideal farmer's fowl. Eggs, 50c
per setting of 15 F. O. B. here. Mrs.
WM. P. Bubks, R. F. D. 1. Bedford Citv,
Va.

-*• FOR SALE -*.

Bfl Dri/^I/' eggs 82.00 per 16. No
r. IxllLvK better bloeded stock.
■ u. • »v wav My nlgnett aim la t0

treat my customers right and retain their pat-
ronage. ^t» 2t:
CHARLIE BROWN, R. P. D. I . Cartertvllle, Va.

EOGS FOR HATCHING

From tineit strains in America. White Wyan-
dotte*, Barred Plymouth Rocks, ~81. 90 par 13.

PENN LAIRD POULTRY CO., - Penn Laird, Va!

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri
colors. Prices. $8 to 115. Older ones correspond
lngly low- Book on Training, 50 centB: Free 1'
you buy a Collie. M APLEMONT STOCK FARM
Albany, Vermont

ANGORA GOATS V^ZTe^XZ T

cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Clilty, Ky.

ANGORA GOATS

For Sale.

I can furnish bucks and does of these LAND
CLEANING animals at moderate prices.

Julian n. Ruffln, Old Church, Va.

Piedmont Poultry Place,

"Handles nothing but the best."

We now offer Pure-bred POLAND-CHINA
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under « weeks
old. Single pig 5*1; per pair S10; per trio, 814.
Some ready lor shipment May 15th. First or-
ders get best pigs.

Mention the Southern Planter in
rriting.

WASHINGTON NOTES.
A timely farmers' bulletin of the De-
partment of Agriculture — No. 193 —
contains notes on selection of seed
corn, citing experiments from State
experiment stations widely distrib-
uted. Although corn culture in the
United States is practically as old as
American agriculture itself, it is of
comparatively recent date that any
scientific systems of corn judging have
been devised, and it is stated that the
general employment of such methods
will add enormously to our annual
corn yield. The average corn yield is
only about twenty-seven bushels per
acre. Next to the better cultivation of
the soil the proper selection and pro-
duction of seed corn is perhaps the
strongest factor in increasing the
yield.

Corn is readily affected by changes
of soil and climate, and in obtaining
a variety perhaps from a very different
latitude its excellence is likely to be
impaired until the variety, after two
or three years of growth under the
new environments has become accli-
mated.

Instances: The North Carolina
Board of Agriculture obtained from
the Illinois station seed of Learning
corn, one of the best varieties in Illi-
nois, but under North Carolina condi-
tions this corn ranked last in a test
of thirteen varieties. It was the un-
fortunate thirteenth.

The Arkansas station made exten-
sive tests of this character and con-
cludes that "the results of the two
years experimentation indicated that
seed corn grown in the same or nearly
the same latitude as that in which it
is to be planted will give the best re-
sults."

The North Dakota station says that
the best seed corn is usually a variety
whch has grown and ripened seed for
the longest period of years in that lo-
cality providing it has been kept pure
and true to type.

As an improvement on simple field
selection the Illinois station among
others recommends a special breeding
field or plat, which should be sur-
rounded by a number of rows of the
same corn to prevent the plat corn
becoming pollenated from outside
sources. An interesting detailed de-
scription is given by the Department
of Agriculture of the method of carry-
ing out this special seed plat scheme
with a view to getting only the very
finest seed corn, something well worth
reading by every farmer who plants
corn.

The Illinois station has made a spe-
cial effort and with some success of
securing corn with high percentages
of protein, through selection.

Seed corn should germinate at least
ninety-five per cent. The vitality of
corn is frequently greatly injured by
improper storage. Blotting or other
absorbent paper, a cigar box with a
cover to keep in moisture and fifty

Products Are Good.

English Berkshires

The breeding of Berkshires is one of the
most important departments of the farm,
and one of the most successful. Imported
boars. Manor Faithful, winner of six
firsts In England, and Esau II.. half
brother of great champion Manor Hercu-
les. .Ms.. Loyal Berks ii and Loyal Berks
III., from last litter by great imported
champion Loyal Berks, dam Her Majesty.

The Pilston herd contains thirty strains
of the mosl celebrated Berkshire blood in
England. Some well-grown fall pigs still
in the herd. Orders for spring pigs now
being booked.

Filstorv Collie Kennels

Stud dogs, Lord Tweedmouth, by Ch.
Ormskirk Emerald, ex Ch. Barwell Mys-
tery; Filston's Galopin, by Ch. Ormskirk
Qalopin, ex Newburgh Gem, and others,

Records prove conclusively the superior-
ity of ihese strains for producing prize
winners. Circular with pedigrees and win-
nings on application.

On hand, females bred to our best sins.

and young puppies.

Filston Poultry

Eggs Of the following varieties can be
obtained: Buff and White Wyandottes,
Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, Light
and I >ark Brahmas. White and Brown
Leghorns, Mammoth Bronze am] Holland
White Turkeys, Toulouse Geese and Pe-
kin Ducks.

Send for price list.

GEO. A. SWARTWOUT, Manager,
Glencoe, Maryland.

KENTUCKY J ACK'FARM

A fine lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and big
11LACK SPANISH

Jacks and Jennets;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks; young stock for
sale at all times.
Write or see me be-
to Kentucky If you

fore you buy
want a good .1
Hon City. Ky.

JOE E. WRIGHT. J\.

SPECIAL BARGAIN SALE
OF JACKS.

For the next 60 days, I will Bell
some fine Jacks at ONE-HALF
their value, in order
to make room for the
coming importation.
I will alBo pay the R.
K. fare of buyen dur-
ing this time. Come
at once for a bargain.
BAKER'S JACK FARM.
Lawrenc*. l««

Jacks, Jennets and Stallions

FOR SALE. Fine Jacks a
Sficialty. Whin writing
Btate exactly what you want
or come and Bee our stock.

W. E. KNIOHT & CO.,
Route 5. NaabTlllc, Tenn.

ta

1904. J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

357

Berkshire Hogs!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
of New Era ; his sire Rockland Gen-
try, champion of Americain 1903; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, Hodel Lee IX,
sireQov. Lee, champion of America in
1589, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices.

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C.

RERKSHIRES

ANNEFIELD HERD

Contains the

Finest Blood Lines

in England and America.

Young Stock for Sale.

Inquiries cheerfully answered.

SPECIAL: A lew extra 6-months old pigs.
either sex.

EDW. G. BUTLER. Annelield Farms.

Briggs, Clarke Co., Va.

ssssss wvw w\\ v.*. *,'.•.*.•«:

Pure Bred

!| Berkshire Pigs.

QA fine lot of young Pigs ready now, six to
eight weeks old Price for either boar or sow
pigs, $5 each, crated and delivered t« express
company here.

HENRY W. WOOD,

Hollybrook Farm.
P. O. BOX 330, - - RICHMOND, VA.

Big Spring Stock Farm

Pure bred LARGE ENG-
\ LISHBERKSHIRESand
DUROC JERSEYS.

March and April pigs sired by best Imported
stock. Nothing but the best offered, and
satisfaction guaranteed. B. E. WATSON,
Pulaski, Va.

Registered
BERKSHIRES For Sale.

Boar and Sow, price, $25 each. Trio MAM.
BRONZE TURKEYS, pure bred. $10. 15 pure
bred PLYMOUTH ROCK hens and roosters
for $20. J. G. HARGRAVE. Oliver. Va.

kernels of corn with a few ounces of
water is all the test apparatus neces-
sary. Five days' time will determine
the matter.

The Bureau of Animal industry is
preparing an instructive exhibit for
the St. Louis Exposition of the ren-
ovated butter industry. Firkins, tubs
and pound packages of renovated but-
ter are being prepared in wax imita-
tion and also various samples of the
10 pound packages used by the manu-
facturers for exportation, each pack-
age containing ten little pound pack-
ages. These as a rule are put up very
attractively by the sixty odd reno-
vated butter concerns operating
throughout the country. The law re-
quires the words "renovated butter"
shall appear upon each package in
square block letters no smaller than
any other lettering upon the package.
The packages are made up of card
board enclosing the butter wrapped in
tissue paper. Some very ingenious
brands have been adopted by the mak-
ers of this renovated butter which of
themselves, without the government
requirement of the word "renovated"
would indicate anything but a process
butter, manufactured from all sorts
of rancid and spoiled stock.

The renovated butter law is un-
doubtedly a little weak. To strictly
enforce the law as regards sanitation,
the Department of Agriculture must
lean upon the internal revenue branch
of the Treasury Department. A par-
ticular case came before Major Al-
vord the chief of the Dairy Division,
while I was talking with him. A cer-
tain renovated butter factory has been
conducting its manufacturing in a
very slovenly, filthy and unsanitary
manner. It has been warned several
times by the government dairy inspec-
tor to "reform" but has taken this out
in promises. A telegram came to
Major Alvord asking for instructions
as there was no question in the mind
of the inspector that the product of the
factory was unsanitary. The question
now is what to do. If the Depart-
ment of Agriculture recommends that
the internal revenue office take away
the license to manufacture, the com-
pany would doubtless seek redress
through the local court to determine
whether its product was actually un-
sanitary. "It might be a difficult mat-
ter," said Major Alvord, "to clearly
and conclusively prove this to a jury."
Not all men have very clear ideas .as
to the importance of a cleanliness and
sanitation in such matters. With any
question as to the outcome the De-
partment of Agriculture hesitates to
embroil the internal revenue office in
such a fight. At the same time if in-
spectors are to exert any influence in
remedying unsanitary conditions, they
must be backed up by the government.

The most brazen and barefaced
methods have been employed in Con-
gress this year to prevent any revis-
ion of the land laws which would
head off speculation in the public do-

... 40 PURE-BRED . . .

POLAND CHINA

pigs, some ready for immediate
delivery. My hogs are sired by
such prize winners as PER-
FECT I KNOW, CORRECTOR,
CHIEF PERFECTION, LOOK
ME OVER, ETC.

8 RED POLL ^i1 cal7es

and a few

heifers. Several ready for ship-
ment. All stock registered.

PRICES REASONABLE.

S. B. WOODS,

DU Charlottesville
lHI Virginia.

Poland Chinas !

I do not believe that anybody has
any finer bred or better individuals of
the breed than I am offering. It will
be hard to duplicate my prices, too.
Eight months old Boars and Open
Gilts, crated and f. o. b. Enfield, at
$15; 2 beautiful Boar Pigs, now 5
weeks old, at $10 when 10 or 12 weeks
old. Your order will have to come
quick for one of them; you never saw
as pretty pigs. Also one full blood
O. I. C. Boar, farrowed last July, $20;
8 Sows and 3 Boars, of O. I. C. and P.
C. and P. C. and O. I. C. cross at $15
per pair, 12 weeks old. C. A. WIL-
LIAMS, Ringwood, N. C.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

BERKSHIRES.

I offer some very pretty pigs from Register-
ed sows, farrowed February and March, 1904,
8 weeks old, at $6 f. o. b. my express office.
Nothing but Biltmore blood in my herd.
ROBERT HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

Hawksley Stock Farm

has a lot of
BERKSHIRE PIGS

ready for shipment. They are good aa the
best. Also young Boars ready for service.
B. P. ROCKS and S. C. B. LEGHORN Eggs,
$1 for 13. J. T. OLIVER, Aliens Level, Va.

WARNER'S

CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL, at Bradford,
Pa., teaches Shorthand. Bookkeeping ••<
Penmanship by mall. Write now.

358

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER.

[May,

The Kind You Ought To Have

U the kind that Is bred at THE CEDARS
P. & S. FARM, where the fashionables of the
400 in Poultry and Stockdom can always be
found, and where farmers' prices get fan-
ciers' stock. JERSEY CATTLE, DUROC
JERSEYS, and POLAND CHINA SWINE,
B P R. FOWLS, M. B. TURKEYS, ENG-
LISH SETTERS and BEAGLE HOUNDS.
WM. G. OWENS, Midlothian, Va., The Cedars
P. & S. Farm.

JINE POLAND-CHINAS.

The kind that GROW LARGE— from some
of the best blood in the U. S. I have a
choice lot of Spring Pigs, both sexes; also a
Vt Hereford Bull Calf, well marked. If you
want high class stock at farmer's price*,
write me before placing your orders else-
where. W. B. PAYNE, Crofton, Va.

(Mention Southern Planter.)

ESSEX PIGS.

^^^_.„.. Some tine ones, 3

&? O^ months old, not re-

' HfiP lated; from recorded

^* i HP^ stock, also South-

%JB^SSSI^^' down and Hamashire-

down Lambs. Address,

L. Q. JONES, Tobaccovllle, N- C.

t C

PIGS" - "PIGS"

Registered O-l-C Swine

-.-FOR SALE-:- 3"

WM. E. HAMMOND,

Mansfield Farm, Goochland C. H„ Va.

Ready for^i
| Service;

Bred'from Registered Stock, Imported
from Canada.

I. H. LAREW, Newbern.Va.

Registered Si^SS

C. Whites. Fine large

•trains. All ages, mated

not a in, 8 week, pigs.

Bred sows. Service boars ■ « •••!<••< '

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular.

P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranvllle, Chester Co., Pa.

main. Take for instance the speeches
of Representative Williamson and Rep-
re sentative and ex-Commissioner Her-
mann, both of Oregon, before the Pub-
lic Lands and Irrigation Committees
of the House. Both these men stated
that the present land laws were high-
ly beneficent, and an absolute neces-
sity to the homemaking and develop-
ment of the West and that the cry of
fraud was false, that ther.e were no
frauds under them any more than an
occasional instance such as is found
under any law. The conditions of land
law fraud in some of the Western
States is not only notorious, but it is
a coincidence that at the very time
that these two hypocrites were mis-
leading their colleagues in Congress,
on April 2 the seventeen members of
the Federal grand jury of the district
of Oregon, chosen by lot from all por-
tions of that State, forwarded a state-
ment to Washington reciting the most
abnormal and vicious conditions of
public land affairs in Oregon resulting
from the present land laws. The
timber and stone act, the desert land
act, and the commutation clause of the
homestead act. The report is volun-
tarily presented as the result of the
enormous amount of crime which has
come before the grand jury in connec-
tion with these land laws. Perjury
and subornation of perjury, it is stated,
have become fine arts. Speaking of
the commutation clause of the home
stead law the report says that "this is
another law that masquerades under
the thin disguise of a boon to honest
entrymen" and "the desert land law
is and has been used chiefly for secur-
ing large tracts for grazing purposes.
It is often more of a burlesque than
the old timber culture law."

Guy B. Mitchell.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va.

Woodland Farm

oflers the best lot of October dropped
Dorset Ram lambs which
it has ever raised.

J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0.

....BARGAINS....

DORSETS AND
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONt, LAMTZ MILLB, V*.

Mention the Southern Planter when
corresponding with advertisers.

THE NEW LEFFEL CATALOG.

The new catalog of James Leffel &
Company, of Springfield, Ohio, who
are advertising the famous Leffel en-
gines and boilers in our columns, is
a book that will interest many of our
readers. It should interest any one
who has to do with steam power. The
Leffel engines are a type that is pecu-
liarly adapted to farmers' uses. This
book goes into the matter of their
making and shows on what their supe-
riority is based. The book is well got-
ten up, printed on heavy enameled
paper, has numerous full page and
many smaller illustrations and is
filled with just such detailed informa-
tion about engines and boilers as to
make it truly valuable to engine
users.

The book will be mailed free to all
writing the Leffel Company for it.

Old Gentleman— And what does papa
call you, Elizabeth?

Precious Infant — Papa calls me Pwe-
cious.

O. G. — And what does he call mam-
ma?

P. I. — Oh, Darling and Fool.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We are now offering some choice young
Bulls of the following breeds:

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus.

Write at once for pedigrees and prices.

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

BREEDEK OF PURE BRED

SKort Horn Cattle and
Poland-CHina Hog's.

FOR SALE: 2 yearling bulls, good ones, ready
for service, sired by Verbena's Champion No.
1298S1; some younger bulls, sired by Rayal Chief
No. 185482; also some Fall Poland China shoats
of both sexes. Come or write.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 158548, 1st prize aged bull at Radford Fair,
Young Bulls and heifers for 9ale. Inspectlom
and correspondence Invited.

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM ^-
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

MEADOW BROOK
SHORTHORNS.**

I have several very fine Shorthorn Red Bull
Calves 6 to 10 months old, and several very
nice yearling Shorthorn Heifers for sale at
farmer's prices. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

WANTED

20 VIRGINIA or NORTH
CAROLINA GRADE
SHORTHORN

heifers, 2 to 3 years old, bred to Registered Bull,
and to calve from August to January. Address,
stating price, breeding on both sides, weight
aid age. JANNEY BROS., Gloucester, Va.

OFFER-

2 Reg. Ayrshire Bulls,

One 10 mos. old PRICE, 840.00.

One coming 3 yrs. old PRICE, $65.80.

Low considering Quality.
Registered and high grade HAMPSHIREDOWN
SHEBP of best breeding. Rams, Ewes and
Lambs for sale. Stock and Prices will suit.

J. D, THOnAS, Round Hill V«.
Meadow Brook Stock Parm.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

359

Angus Cattle for Sale

LOW.

1 Eeg. Bull Calf. 8 mos. old.
1 Reg. Heifer Calf 4 mos. old.
S % Grade Angus Bull Calves.
3 15-16 Grade Angus Bull Calves.

1 Bull Calf out of a fine Short Horn Cow by

our Angus Bull.
1 1546 Grade Angus Heifer Calf.

These grades calves look like thoroughbreds,
and will please the most fastidious.

2 First Class Family Milk Cows, fresh, 5 gal-
oni per day.

W. M. Watkins & Sons,

Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va.

GREENFIELD HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle.

Baron Ida, 20184 (Champion yearling. II
firsts, 17 times in 1st prize herd, 4 first* •>
produce of sire and 3 times at head of gra»a
sweepstakes herd) at heat of herd.

The females in this herd are prize winnen
or the Immediate descendants of prize win-
ners sired by such noted bulls as Champion
Lord Hillhurst, Beau Fortes H., by Bern*
BUI (champion of the West for two years) ;
Cham. Baron Ida, Ludolph 4th, Rustler 2d.

Choice calves frem the above cows sired
by Baron Ida, Encouragement 4C382, ami
Brard 55380.

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

H. F. COLEMAN & SONS,

MULBERRY GAP. TENN..

-BREEDERS OF —

ABERDEEN=ANQUS CATTLE.

JANNET'S KING, 48271, greatest
son of Valiant Knight II., 29331, first
prize bull at all three of the Interna-
tional shows, heads the herd. Visitor?
and correspondence invited. Young
things for sale.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

FOR 8ALE— 2 Registered Bulls, calved
Dec. 17th, 1902, and Aug. 28th, 1903.

BerKsHire Pigs

(Biltmore Strain.)
farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

ROSEDALE HJRD

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

C hoice bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yr«. old. Price* al-
low as good breeding will permit Inspee
tion of herd and correspondence invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM. Jeffer.onto*
Va.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
Our old friends, Wm. Cooper &
Nephews, are advertising Cooper Sheep
Dip again this season.

Alfalfa Bacteria, in the shape of in-
oculated soil, can be had of the Ewell
Farm, at reasonable prices.

Last year's numbers of the Southern
Planter are wanted by our Business
Office. See the ad. elsewhere.

Finely bred Poland Chinas can be
had of Mr. W. B. Payne. Look up his
ad.

Mr. Joe E. Wright, Prop, of the Ken-
tucky Jack Farm, is offering some
choice Kentucky bred Jacks.

The O. K. Harry Steel Works has an
ad. on another page of Steel Tanks,
etc., all necessary and useful adjuncts
to a progressive farmer.

Hydraulic Pumps are offered by the
Standard Hydraulic Pump Co., Roan-
oke. Va.

A working Farm Manager is wanted
by Box 4S5, Richmond, Va.

A fine lot of O. I. C. pigs at right
prices can be had of the Mansfield
Farm.

Parties needing all kinds of fruit
and vegetable carriers, will do well to
consult the advertisement of the South
Side Mfg. Co.

Tamworths, the "lean bacon" hogs,
are offered in another column by Mr.
I. H. Larew.

The Wallerstein Produce Co. are
after your wool. Look up the ad. on
another page.

The Richmond Buggy & Wagon Co.
are making a "Special Drive" this
month in their $50 buggy — made in
Virginia.

If you need anything in the heavy
machinery line, such as Threshers,
Hullers. Peanut or Tobacco Machinery,
better consult the Cardwell Machine
Co.'s ad .

The Famous Mfg. Co. is advertising
its Champion Hay Press with us again
this season. We invite attention to
the ad.

The Filston Farm has an attractive
card in another column. Berkshires,
Collies and Poultry are the offering
under the legend that "Filston pro-
ducts are good."

The Rife Engine Co. start the sea-
son's advertising with this issue. The
Hydraulic Ram of this Company is
known the world over.

F. E. Myers & Bro., the well-known
pump men, have a card in another
column.

Dederick's Hay Presses have been
offered our readers for generations.
Look up the ad. elsewhere.

Notice the change in the ad. of the
Blackman Stock Remedy Co.

Louisburg, N. C, Mar. 31, 1904.
Jos. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

Dear Sir, — You will please ship me
at once one can of your Hog Remedy.
I can certainly recommend it to be as
you represent. Yours truly,

J. P. TlMBEBXAKE.

JERSEY BARGAINS.

10 HEIFERS out of cows from the best in
my herd, which I have been 3» years in

bnUdmg They are the prettiest I ever saw.
Price, $30 each.

2 Reg. Bull Calves

6 wks. and 6 mos. old. Each out or a cow
giving 2 pounds of butter per day. and by

Coquette's John Bull,

he out of a cow with a record of 18 pounds
butter per week. Price, $50 each. Also a
U. S. SEPARATOR for sale at $4,; in g.0d
repair and cost $125 new.

A. R. VENABLE Jr.,

Farrnville, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

"»

Hai for sale a large num-
ber of nice voung regli-
tered A. J. c. C

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the moot noted and up-to-date tM
in America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old $26

MOS™ 'ifi "!?,! •f'',^ ROLAND CHINA
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and ret wfcat
you *ut *"■ ""'

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop." Battfeboro, N. C.
THOROUGH-BRED..

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock 1h beat of condition asd
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Ceptrevllle, lid.

Pure-bred

Red Poll Bull

For sale, or will exchange him for
first-class pure bred Jersey Heifers or
good grade Ewes. Dr. F. E. WIL-
LIAMS, R. F. D.. Charlottesville, Va.

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

I Registered and grades, of all ages

■ and sexes, and of champion blood

■ for the beel and milk strains and
lat moderate prices Also Nursery

Istock of all descriptions.

MVER & SON, Bridgevllle, Delaware.

^BHs'

-FOR SALE-

2 ABERDEEN=ANGUS HEIFERS,

Bred from "Hero of Bunker Hill," 31462, at
farmer's prices. They are blocky, good bene,
mealy coats, and WIDE AS A CART. J.
TABB JANNEY. Van Cleveevllle, W. Va.

NOTICE!

Eggs for Hatching, Toe

360

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Mat,

Radia

.... IS A ... .

HOUSEHOLD

Remedy

«(3» <J£ «^*

Cures — -«^-

LaQrippe,
Pneumonia,
Croup,
Influenza.

fcS» «^6 <J£

GIVES

PERMANENT

RELIEF.

*4* e^» fe5*

The Radia Company

2^, Manufacturing Chemists,

Dept. K. DURHAM, N. C.

HELPS TO KEEP WELL.

Lettuce and celery help nervous peo-
ple.

Visit your dentist every six months.

Eat tomatoes, which are good for
the liver.

All varieties of the onion tribe help
digestion.

Don't worry unless you really en-
joy worrying.

Rest for half an hour, anyway, in
the middle of the day.

Spend at least an hour outdoors
every day — more if possible.

Never drink water which has stood
in a sleeping room all night.

Peas, beans and lentils are a very
economical food, and also nourishing.

Eat an orange or an apple — two of
them are better — every morning be-
fore breakfast.

Eat always less than satisfies you to
repletion. Drink two quarts of water
a day — eight glasses.

Don't have a light in your room at
night of any kind. It takes up the
oxygen of the air, and is irritating to
the eyes.

The paper handkerchief is suggest-
ed by a hospital magazine as more
sanitary in some kinds of contagious
diseases than the linen one. It can be
destroyed at once.

Air out your house thoroughly twice j
a day — early in the morning and be-
fore you go to bed. Then sleep with a
current of air through the room. Pile
on the bedding if you need it.

These few rules, observed faith-
fully, will make you healthy, wealthy
and wise — for is not a healthy man
always rich? — and his health is a sign
of his wisdom. Try these for the first
half of 1904, and you will need no
other New Year's resolutions. — Cana-
dian Thresherman.

EWELL FARM SALE.
The 30th Annual Sale of Ewell Farm
will be held at Spring Hill. Tenn., on
Friday, June 3rd. About 60 head of
horses and 30 head of Jerseys will be
sold. Among the sires represented
will be John R. Gentry, 2:001; Brown
Hal, 2:12J; Re-Election, 2:27;
McEwen, 2: 18 J, and other horses of
note. The popular strains of Jerseys
included in this sale, will be hard to
beat. Capt. Geo. Campbell Brown,
proprietor of Ewell Farm, is going to
make this his best sale, and parties
looking for bargains will do well to at-
tend.

CORRECTION.

In our last issue, we made an error
in the advertisement of Hon. G. M.
Wallace, Falmouth, Va. The wording
appeared as "2 Grade Cows" whereas
it should have been "2 Fresh Cows."
Mr. Wallace raises only pure-bred
Guernseys and has not a grade on his
place. We make this correction in
justice to him.

THE ROCKER CHURN.
Among the new advertisers in our
columns this season, is the Rocker
Churn Mfg. Co., of Forsyth, Ga. As
its name implies, this company makes
a churn, and from the descriptive cir-
cular before us, we might say a very
good and useful churn — one that saves
a good deal of time and labor. It is
handy, easy to operate, easy to clean
and has numerous other points of
merit fully described in a circular
which will be sent free to all inquir-
ers. Look up the ad and send for it.

The Zenner Disinfectant Co., which
is advertising its well known disin-
fectant, dip and lice killer in another
column, sends us the following letter
recently received from Mr. Glen Flem-
ing, Arcadia, La.:

"I have used Zenoleum Disinfectant
for the past two years and find it the
best thing 1 can get for my hogs. I
find it will kill lice, ticks and fleas
on my hogs and dogs. I have cured
several cases of mange with it. My
pointer dog had a very severe case of
mange and I cured him well and clean
with it. I can truly recommenc1 It to
every one to have on the place for a
general disinfectant."

kkWANTED44

25 to 60 GRADE DORSET EWES, medium
price; ales 1 e»ch, good yearling DORSET
and SOUTHDOWN Rtuaa, registered.

QRIMHS, BROS.. Lexlngten, N. O.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.26

The RICHMOND. FREDERICKSBURG

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND- WASHINGTON

LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.

Between all Points via Richmond, Va.

Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P TAYLOR. Traffic Manager.

IU04.J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

361

ifcA^^aTwww

OOPER

At COOPERSBURG, PA*

A PLEASED BUYER IS THE BEST ADVERTISEMENT.

_ The imported Jersey Cattle sold at our May, 1903, Auction Sale have given universal satisfac-
tion. My most sanguine expectations have been more than realized. How could it be otherwise »
Individually, they were strictly FIRST-CLASS.

BEST OF ALL, they were bred on both dam and sire's side from animals that have made the
Island cattle so famous — the blood that wins at the churn and in the show-ring.

Catalogues ready for distribution May 1, and owing to great cost publishing same, they will
only be sent on application. Address

T. S. COOPER, "Linden Grove," Coopersburg, Pa.

P. S. — Would respectfully request parties who are in want of an extra fine bull calf, or a few
fine heifer calves, that they send for a catalogue, which will give them full particulars, and if they
are not able to attend the sale in person, that they send in their bids, and they will receive the same
attention as if the buyer was a bidder himself. It is with pride that we refer to parties that have
entrusted such orders to us. This will be a rare chance to get calves out of the very best cows the
Island can furnish, and sired by prize winning bulls, and they will not cost you more than others
that have no breeding. — T. S. C.

rssss:

KELLY, 22283. Record, 2:27.
Sire of LVIcChesney, 2:16^, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expresslre 3, 2:12i; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, sec-
ond dam, Colisseum, by Colossus.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
fine size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

For terms of service and keep of mare address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

GREAT STAKES, 2552L

Record, 2:20.

Sire of Captain. 2.161; Poxhall, 2.19|, etc. Bay horse,
by Billy Thornhill, 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by Sweep Stakes.
298. Fee, $26.00 the season.

W. H. NELSON, 1428 East Franklin St., Richmond, Va.

BURLINGAME 26235. Record, 2:18*4.

Brown horse, by Guy Wilkes, 2:151, dam Sable, dam of
Sable Wilkes, 2:18, etc., by The Moor, 870.
N- B.— Very fast and a great show horse.
FEE, $26.00.

_ LISSAK. bay horse, by Burlingame, dam Helice, dam of
Clarion, 2:161, by Norval, 2: 14 J.
FEB, $16.00. Address,

SPRING GARDEN FARM,
Cool Well, P. O., Amherst Co., Va., or

ROBT. TAIT Norfolk Va.

W. J. CARTER, ["BROAD *OCAT."]

TURF JOURNALIST.

Address P. O. Box 929, - - - Richmond, Va,

Pedigrees of thoroughbred and trotting horses traced, regis-
tration matters attended to, and stallion circulars and cards
prepared.

Representing the Times-Dispatch and Southern Planter
Richmond, Va.; Sports of the Times, New York; Kentucky
Stock Farm, California Breeder and Sportsman, etc.

CHORISTER

FALSETTO— ADDIE C.

"One of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America and
a sure success as a getter of race horses."— Major Dainger-
field.

Standing 16# and weighs 1,300 lbs. He held the world's
record for a mile as a 3 year old and is the sire of "Corrus-
cate" who holds the mile record for Canada 1.38^. All his
get win and are racing up to 8, 9 and 11 years of age, and
won $30,000 in 1902.

Fee $50 00 cash, approved half bred mares $20.00

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes
but no responsibility assumed for any that may occur.

For further particulars apply to D. K. KERR, Manager
Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va.

Fine Horses and Mules for Sale. &r

I am offering the best lot of mules ever seen on the
Richmond market. Write for prices or call at my stables.

J. S. WHALEY,

Salesman.

S. P. CLAY,

1917 E. Franklin St., Richmond, Va.

362

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

MAGAZINES.

The May number of Lippincott's is
notably stirring and strong from the
opening page of its novelette through
to the close of the last short story.
"Figs from Thistles" makes Frederic
Reddale's third appearance through
the medium of a long tale in this mag-
azine, and his work may be honestly
described as good, better, and best.
This last shows maturity in both the
plot and the handling of it. Its hero-
ine, Janet Persis, is young and pretty,
yet too prudent to marry for love
alone, after an apprenticeship to pov-
erty as one of seven daughters of a
country clergyman. For this reason
she falls an easy prey to the plans of
an anxious mother in regard to her
son, a Baronet, of splendid physique
but of infantile mentality. The wed-
ding takes place and then the real tale
begins and the reader is devoured with
desire to know in a hurry whether the
mother's amazing scheme is to thrive
or to come to naught.

Heading the list of seven short sto-
ries is "In the Springtime," by Henry
Wysham Lanier, a happy mingling of
spring rain and loving. A rousing sea-
story by Patrick Vaux is entitled
"Grit: A Tale of the Next War."
"Lavender," by Lizette Woodworth
Reese, is a touching story of an erring
girl and a mother's faith rewarded.
This is remarkably well told. Another
one of Ella Middleton Tybout's para-
bles is called "The Blast of the Trum-
pet," and sustains her reputation for
humor.

One of the stories in the May St.
Nicholas will be "The Hero of San
Benito," by Rev. Charles M. Sheldon,
author of the world-famous "In His
Steps," telling of a lad's bravery in
a theater fire and panic. The story,
now made public for the first time in
this country, was related to Mr. Shel-
don by an Italian lady who was in the
theater at the time of the fire. The
young Rudolph Cluny is a real hero of
flesh and blood, although he is known
by another name.

The May St. Nich Mas on its stamp
page notes a growing difficulty in se-
curing fine copies of the early issues
of United States stamps. Poor mak-
ing, careless handling, and laxness in
collecting are counted the main causes
of the increasing difficulty in securing
these stamps in condition acceptable
to careful collectors. Young collectors
are advised to take special care in gath-
ering and preserving specimens of
these early United States stamps.

Additional interest is given to the
entertaining account in the May St.
Nicholas by Helen Dawes Brown of
"Magdalen Tower and May Morning"
when it is known that there is in this
country a church that has not only
copied the beautiful Magdalen Tower
of Oxford, but for a quarter of a cen-
tury has borrowed its mid-air sunrise
service. There is this difference, how-
ever: the Chapel of the Good Shepherd
in Chelsea Square, New York City,

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

MCCORMICK

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. ot America, Chicago, U. S. A.

HIIMItfl—H— HI Mil lllllilllWIWIMI

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

P\*rceIlville,Va.

HILL TOP STOCK FARM.

BerKsKire Hogs

A SPECIALTY-

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. 8.
Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man-
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm,
with increased facilities, will make a

specialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs, without regard to cost from the purest and

most royal strains of imported blood.

My BERKSHIRE; PIGS

For this Spring delivery will weigh 100 pounds at 12 weeks of age, and for INDI-
VIDUAL MERIT cannot be excelled in the United States. They will make ehow
hoge against any and all competitors and are being engugtd every day. The last of
my Fall and winter pigs have been sold, and orders will onlv be taken for Spring
delivery. S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H A. S. Hamilton & Co)

LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS

THE COMING BACON BREED-
THE MOST PROLIFIC BREED-

48 pigs from four litters. Pigs ready for delivery. Our prices
always the lowest.

INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl.

WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers.

WHITE WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also

JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but-
ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

363

DAN PATCH \M

Fastest Harness Horse A World

HOLDS FOLLOWING WORLD BECORDS:
Mile Record, - 1:56X

Half-Mile Record, - - - . 0:56
Mile Record on Half -Mile Track, 2:03K
Mile Record to Wacon, - - l:57x
Mile Record to High Wheel Sulky, S:04H
Two-Mile Record, . 4:17

We own the World-Famous, Champion Pac-
ing Stallion, Dan Patch, and have Fine Litho-
graphs of him. They give a complete record
of all his Races and Fast Miles and are Free
of Advertising. The fine, large Colored
Lithograph shows Dan hitched to sulky just
as you see him in this en«n"aving.

IT WILL BE MAILED TO YOU FREE

Postage Prepaid

IF TOF i.NSWKI, THESE TWO QrESTIONS— AT ONCE

Write to

International Stock Food Co.

Minneapolis, Minn., V. S. A.

holds its service on Easter morning,
while that ot Magdalen College takes
place on the first of May. It is pre-
dicted that other American churches
may. if their architecture makes it
possible, adopt some form of Oxford's
beautiful annual service.

The present critical condition in
British politics gives special timeliness
to the glimpse of life in the English
House of Commons announced as the
subject matter of the May Century's
leading article, "The Mother of Par-
liaments." Under this title Henry Nor-
man, M. P., has written at length of
this "place of quaint ceremonial and
queer habits"; and numerous drawings
by Andre Castaigne will add to the
vividness of the sketch.

There will be two portraits of un-
usual interest in the May Century,
one of Tolstoi, another of President
Roosevelt. The Tolstoi likeness is
from a drawing made by George T.
Tobin from a photograph, and shows
Tolstoi at twenty-nine, as an officer in
the Crimean War. The President's
portrait, in tint, will be the frontis-
piece of the issue, and is from a photo-
graph taken by Arthur Hewitt at the
White House, January 20, 1904.

PERFECT SATISFACTION FOR
WIND GALLS.
Weems, Va., Jan. 30, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleve-
land, O.:

I used your Gombault's Caustic Bal-
sam for reducing wind galls and got
perfect satisfaction. L. T. Buck.

EWELL FARM.

30th ANNUAL SALE OF TROTTING AND PACING

HORSES AND JERSEY C TTLE,

FRIDAY, JUNE 3RD. 1904, AT EWELL FARM, EW LL'S STATION,
(SPRING HILL P. O.,) HAURY CO , TENNESSEE.

Fifty horses from Ewell Farm, Piedmont Farm (W. F. Garth, Propr.), Huntsrllle,
Ala., and Cleburne Farm (M. C. Campbell, Propr), Spring Hill, Tenn., including young-
sters with speed, and horses of suitable ages for racing, driving or riding. By such sires
as JOHN R. GENTRY, 2.00V.; BROWN HAL, L>.12'.; RE-ELECTION, 2.23%; M
2.18%; SENTINEL WILKES. DUPLEX, 2.17U; ACTON WARD 2.15%; HAL BROWN,
son of BROWN HAL, ALMONT, JR., etc.

THIRTY JERSEYS, consigned by M. C. CAMPBELL, SPRING HILL. TENN., and M.
M. GARDNER, NASHVILLE. TENN. All useful young animals of the best Tenessee and
Imported Strains. Both of these herds are ably represented at the St. Louis Exposition.

Write for catalogue to GEO. CAMPBELL DROWN, Ewell Rarm, Box L. Spring Hill,
Maury county, Tenn.

We positively guarantee

and ship the VERY BEsT s

to breed
trains of

ship
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs I'ir LEss. ;\n )NKY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor •! th

Bridle Creek Stock Farm, WarreRton. N. C

THE. - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN, Jr.. Prop.,
We breed and ship the beat strains of

iffi ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and get the best.

6 coming 2 year old JERSEY HEIFERS for
sale; also 2 fine Jersey Cows; 1 yearling heifer,
a perfect beauty. Write for price.

ALEX. HARMAN, Mjr.,L«xloft«n, Va.

364

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

REPORTS.
U. S. Department of Agriculture. Wash-
ington, D. C. Office of Secretary.
Circular 11. Methods and benefits
of growing sugar beets.

Office of Experiment Stations. Ex-
periment Station Record, Vol. XV,
No. 8.

Bureau of Animal Industry. Circu-
lar 44. Officials, associations and
educational institutions connected
with the dairy interest for the
year 1904.

Bureau of Forestry. Circular 27.
Reclamation of flood damaged
lands in the Kansas River Valley
by forest planting.
Forest Fires in the Adirondacks
in 1903.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
51, Part III. Fruit trees frozen in
1904.

Division of Foreign Markets. Bulle-
tin 35. Foreign import tariffs on
meat and meat products.

Division of Foreign Markets. Bulle-
tin 36. Foreign import tariffs on
fruits and nuts.

Division of Foreign Markets. Bulle-
tin 37. Foreign import tariffs on
grain and grain products.

Office of Public Road Inquiries. Cir-
cular 37. The railroad and wagon
roads.

Bureau of Soils. Circular 13. The
work of the Bureau of Soils.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 194. Alfalfa
seed.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 195. Annual
flowering plants.
Arkansas Experiment Station, Fayette-
ville, Ark. Bulletin 77. Cow pea
experiments.

Bulletin 79. Peach growing in Ar-
kansas.

Bulletin 80. Cow pea hay.
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, N.
Y. Bulletin 216. Spraying ex-
periments.
Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana,
111. Bulletin 93. Soil treatment
for peaty swamp lands.

Bulletin 94. Nitrogen bacteria and
legumes.
Kansas State Board of Agriculture, To-
peka, Kas. Report for quarter
ending March, 1904.
Maryland Agricultural College, Col-
lege Park, Md. Quarterly, Feb-
ruary, 1904, Fertilizer analyses.
New York Experiment Station, Geneva,
N. Y. Bulletin 242. Ash and grit
for growing chickens.

Bulletin 247. Sulphur sprays for or-
chard trees.
Columbus Horticultural Society, Co-
lumbus, O. Journal of the Society,
March, 1904.
Pennsylvania Experiment Station,
State College, Pa. Bulletin 65.
Forage and soiling experiments
1902.
Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-
burg. Va. Bulletin 142. Orchard
Studies XV. The Bitter rot of ap-
ples.

Fourth report of State Entomologist

-3

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

CHAMPION

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

THh GROVE STOCK FARM

-1 OFFER THIS MONTH -

S Dorset JFtetrxxs,

YEAR OLD, REGISTERED. PRICE TO INCLUDE TRANSFER.

1 HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN -kSr.£©

Dam "Floyd Reynolds." Also 3 young bulls, 9 months old, sire
of these bulls has 24 of his nearest ancestors that gave 21 lbs. of
butter in 7 days. T. 0. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

N. «fc W. AND SOUTHERN R. R.

r\.rr.rT.rT.rT. rT.r\.rT.rr. rTirT.rT.rT, r\rT.cn.rTirT.rTirTi rT,rTir\,rVT.rTi

X X

x ClSMONT DORSETS S

x

X

X

ClSMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

Prices Reasonable.

6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va.

X XXXX xxxx xx XX XXX XXXX X X XX XX

r\r\rVT.rTi rT.rT.ri.rTi rT.rT.rVT. rTirVrT. rVrUrVrT, rr.rWT.rr. r^rr.

EDGEW00D STOCK FARM g°*|*™

You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No
lamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb
in December.

One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see them.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

HEEBNER'S "2S, &S* HORSE POWER

\mf CutUri, Wood Stwi

rx>*erl f [>refen*4. Timd pow

I L»w Power*. F«*d ttiJ £n*l
>*.] St.. Lanwtalt, Pa.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

365

and Plant Pathologist on the San
Jose scale.

Virginia Weather Service, Richmond,
Va. Annual summary 1903.
Report for February, 1904.
Report for March, 1904.

West Virginia Experiment Station,
Morgantown, W. Va. Bulletin 91.
Commercial fertilizers. Report
for 1903.

Report of hearing before the Commit-
tee on Agriculture and Forestry,
United States Senate, January,
1904, on the Latimer and Brown-
low Good roads bills.

CATALOGUES.
A. B. Farquhar Co., York, Pa. Far-
quhar Machinery Catalogue, 1904. This
is a beautiful catalogue of the well
known implements and machines made
by this house.

Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co., South
Bend, Ind. A personal talk to the
dealer by the Studebaker man. This
is a very interesting pamphlet on the
vehicles made by the well known
house.

Peter Henderson & Co., New York.
Implement catalogue for the garden,
farm and lawn.

Percy L. Banks, Union St., Norfolk,
Va. The Watson four row potato
sprayer.

Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Con-
vention of the National Nut Grow-
ers Association held at New Or-
leans, La., October, 1903. J. F.
Wilson, secretary, Ponlan, Ga.
Golden seal as a money crop. Its his-
tory, use and cultivation by Jno.
Hoag, Jr.

A VISIBLE OBJECT.

A testy old gentleman forced to lay
over an hour in Dull Town was curs-
ing his fate, when a mild-mannered
citizen strolled into the station and
essayed conversation. Taking the
many labels on the visitor's bag as a
leader, he said —

"You've travelled about quite a bit?"

"Yes."

"Ever see a' Injun?"

"Many a one."

"Ever seen a Chinese?"

"Thousands of them."

"Ever seen a Jap?"

"Yes."

"Ever seen a Jew?"

"Yes. D "

"Ever seen a "

The testy old gentleman could stand
it no longer, and, rising to his full
height, shouted in stentorian tones,
"Did you ever see a fool?"

The mild-natured citizen let his mild
blue eye rest on the irate traveller a
moment, then in a sweet, low voice re-
plied,—

"Yes, I hev." — May Lippincott's.

Nell: Why does sbe consider her
marriage a failure?

Belle: Well, when she threatens to
leave him he never "seems to raise any
port of fugs.

OVER

|p| For More Than Fifty Years

Studebaker Wagons and Carriages
have been known the world over as
the best that skill and honest work
can produce. They have this repu-
tation simply because they deserve
it. They are built with exceptional
care, from the pick of the world's
best materials, in the largest and
best equipped vehicle factory in the
world. They are made right and
thev give unusual service and ex-
ceptional satisfaction.

Why not get a Studebaker and
be sure?

Wagons- Carriages- Harness

Sold By Dealers Only

Send For Free Book No. 56

Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co., South Bend. Ind.

Branches— New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Portland, Ore., Kansas City, Salt Lake City, Denver, Dallas.
When you go to the St. Louis Fair be sure to see the big Studebaker Exhibit in Transportation Building.

I am now prepared to book orders for
pigs from imported Kingstone Poetess,
bred by C.C. Smith, Kingstone Commons,
England. Also from Queen of Fassifern,
bred by James Lawrence, of Shrivenham,
England. Also from Queen Alfreda,
from imported Loyal Mason, imported
Loyal Berks, imported Princess Alfreda,
Prince Alfred, etc. These are as finejagjthe world can produce, though I cannot
expect fancy prices for them like some breeders get. Bacon your mongsels and
start aright in the hog business. Remember me when pricing shorthorns (Durhams).

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers...

FOR SALE

Berkshire sows due to farrow in April and May, several boars large enough for
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin.

EGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Rock
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier
puppies by imported Rozanne.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

366

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

TO BOIL A HAM.

Wash the ham and put it to soak
in clear coid water for some hours, or
over night. Scrape it thoroughly and
put into the ham boiler covered with
cold water and let it come slowly to a
boil. This takes from one to two
hours, then it should boil very slowly
fifteen minutes for each pound. When
it is done let it cool and then take off
the skin, brush with beaten white of
egg, dust v. ith cracker crumbs and let
it bake slowly for an hour. Do not
cut until perfectly cold. The main
thing in cooking a ham is to have it
done slowly, and never boil hard. That
makes it tough.

HAM SALAD.

When you have used all the ham but
the scraps, collect these and with about
a fourth as much stale bread run it
through the meat grinder. With this
mix an equal quantity of finely chopped
cabbage, or celery, pour over a dress-
ing and 'serve for tea.

DRESSING.

Mix two teaspoons of ground mus-
tard with one teaspoon of salt, one of
black pepper, three tablespoons of
sugar, one teaspoon of celery seed.
Cream two tablespoons of buttei- and
beat two eggs. Mix all this together
and pour over it two cups of boiling
vinegar, return it to the stove and let
it thicken. When cold, thin out with
rich cream. Pour over the ham and
cabbage and you will find it a delight-
ful relish for tea.

BAKED FISH.

Boil a Rock or Sheepshead, when
well done, pick it to pieces with a fork,
take out all the bones and the skin,
butter a macaroni dish and arrange a
layer of stale bread crumbs in the bot-
tom, then put a thick layer of the fish,
with pepper and salt and little pieces
of butter about on it, then another
layer of the crumbs and another layer
of fish until the dish is full. Let the
crumbs come last. Scald a pint of fresh
milk with a small onion in it and sea-
son it slightly with pepper and salt.
Pour this over the dish and let it bake
slowly for a half hour or more.

BREAD A>'D MILK OMELET.

Soak a cup of stale bread crumbs in
a cup of fresh milk for more than an
hour. Beat eight eggs separately.
Just before breakfast stir the bread
and milk into the yolks and then fold
in the whites. Heat the skillet and
put a large spoon of butter in it, as
soon as it melts add the eggs and let
them cook a few minutes before touch-
ing them. Stir from the bottom to pre-
vent browning but try not to break
them up more than is necessary.

MEAT PIES.

You may use beef, veal, mutton or
chicken for these and they are always
good. Line the pans with a rich bis-
cuit dough. Chop three cups of meat
fine removing all gristly pieces and
bones, lay it in the bottom of the pan
and slice four hard boiled eggs over it,

DUST SPRAY!

Are You Interested?

LISTEN! Our Machines and Formulae
were used In every comparative test made as taa standard system. Growers use and
recommend them everywhere. We mike oar compounds and guarantee strength, purity
and keeping qualities. Our stock compound of chemically pure sulphate of copper ana
lime will form no new compounds, remain in suspension until applied to the tree and tter6
old Mother Nature makes the Bordeaux miiture. We are inclose touch with all who ose
the system; we know what they are doine;we publish it. Do you want to find out? Write
to headquarters, DUST SPRAVER MFG/CO., 510 Broadway," Kansas City, Mo. Dept. F

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

?Ieu£dm3£s ACROBAT 68460,

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome.

Com- and ius| eet the Dest herd in the South
ROSEHONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. .

i-iiiimiHiMiiiiii.i i mi'iiiiiJiiiii

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle ■:■ Berkshire Hoes !

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks.

MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. QILLET & SON, - Glencoe, Haryland.

r' "'"" in ii m ii i i i ii' i

Hereford Cattle.

Sires in service: IMP. SALISBURY 76059 (19083); LARS JR. 85297.

My present offering consists of Bull Calves, Aged Bulls, tested and ready for
service; breeding Cows in calf to above sires. Thase cattle are bred right and well
developed and the prices are attractive. Call and make your personal selection or
writa. I have shipped Herefords, ordered by letter, satisfuctorily into more than
a dozen States.

Murray Boocock, Owner Castalia Herefords,

Heswich, Alb. Co., Va.

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

American Royal Show

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

opecicii \jiier.

Two Cows, young, bred to Prince Rupert.

All Inquiries Cheerfully Answered,

EDWARD 6. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, BRIGGS, Clarke Co., Va.

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

367

SPECIAL BUGGY ANNOUNCEMENT

Our $50 Split Hickory Special

Weh:
extensively

advertised

and it has had such a wonderful sale everywhere that we find, from o\
some people seem to be under the impression we only make this one particu-
We beg to announce to the readers of this paper that

We Manufacture Over 100 Styles vS,w5SSn'

and sell them all direct from our factory to the user at factory prices. This
line comprises Buggies. Surreys. Phaetons, Doctor's Phaetons,
Stanhopes, Driving Wagons, Road Wagons, Platform Spring
Wagons, Delivery Wagons, Road Carts and a com; i: styles

Harness. Every vehicle we sell is a Split Hickory Vehicle ami "has
ts of merit not found in other vehicles.

° 30 Days Free Trial

reputation for fair dealing

is unquestionable and our

Two Years Guarantee

groes with every vehicle

e sell.

This is our S37.50 Split
lllt'kory Top Borer, not
as wood as the Split Hickory Special, but
at the price we ask for it

our Split lllckor
lion Top Surrcv

We do not attempt to make a buggy for around 125 simply because any fair minded person who knows anything whatever about buggies
knows that a buggy that is worth anything cannot be produced for that price. Split Hickory Running Gears and Wheels are all made of
straight grained Split Hickory, NOT SAWED. Write for our FStEE 139-page Catalog, which tells all about Split Hickory

5410 Sixth St., Cincinnati, Ohio.

put two good tablespoons of butter, one
teaspoon of mustard, pepper and salt
to taste with a dash of red pepper,
pour over this enough of the water in
which the meat was boiled to about
cover and sprinkle flour over it and
put on the top crust, bake to a nice
brown and serve hot.

BAKED CUSTAED.

Six eggs beaten very light, separat-
ing the whites from the yolks. Scald
one quart of new milk and put six
tablespoons of sugar in it and a pinch
of salt, pour it over the yolks of the
eggs and set it aside to cool. Season
with nutmeg and put it into cups or a
dish and set them in a pan of water
and put in the stove to bake slowly
until the custard is well set, then take
it out and spread the meringue made
of the whites of the eggs and five table-
spoons of sugar and seasoned with bit-
ter almond or vanilla over it and
brown slightly.

BOILED CUSTAED.

Eight eggs, save five of the whites
and beat the others with the yolks.
Scald two quarts of milk, sweeten
with eight tablespoons of sugar, pour
it over the yolks and return it to the
fire (put a few blades of mace in the
milk when you first put it on the fire.)
Return this to the kettle and let it
come to a boil. I sometimes put in
about three teaspoons of arrow root or
corn starch to make it thicker. While
it is boiling hot beat the five whites
which you saved, add a little sugar,
and a few drops of seasoning and drop
them in spoonsful over the custard.
"When it is all thoroughly cold put a

SUNNY HOME HERD OF — r

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous
QAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd.

Females by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (sire of the highest
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of
females Royal Eric), Eulaliea Eric 15568, (2nd prize yearling bull at World'i
Columbian), Beau Bill 13637 (champion of the West for two years). Baron Ida
20184 (champion at N. Y. State Fair 1898), Baronet of Advia 1226 (by the
"Judge" champion of the world).

Families represented in the herd are Coquette, Queen Mother, Nosegv
Wester-town Rose, Old Rose of Advia, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd m
good breeding as any herd in America. The individual animals in the herd
have been selected with the one aim "quality" In view. Come and see, or writ*
your order and let us guarantee a first-class animal.

Shipping point and depot, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. £ W., 24 miles S.-W. ot
Danville, Va.

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

. . . REGISTERED . . .

ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS

of servicable age at a bargain.

Shepherd Pups mS^S

and .see or write. W. P. ALLEN, prop, of Glen
Allen Stock Farm, Walnut Hill, Va

SPECIAL BARGAINS IN HOLSTEIN=FRESIANS.

From a few months to 1 year old, from dams that are large producers, and with strong,
official backing on both sides. The sire is half the herd; It Is Important that you get
the right one. We have that kind, and our prices are no higher than others are asking.

LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHIRES, by such sires as Manor Faithful imp., Esau Princeag
of KUston, by Esau imp.. Fancy Duke, a double G. son of LoyaJ Berks. Address

ury stock farm. TH0S. FASSIT & SONS, Sylmar, Md.

368

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[May,

preserved cherry, or a dab of fruit
jelly on each spoon of the whites. Eat
with sponge cake.

FBOZEN CUSTABD.

Scald four quarts of fresh milk and
pour it over the well beaten yolks of
six eggs. Sweaten with four cups of
sugar in which you have rubbed two
tablespoons of corn starch. Return it
to the fire and let it cook thoroughly.
It is always best to cook milk in a
double boiler. I have no double boiler
so I set the bucket in a pan of water
and it does just as wel. Beat the
whites very light and pour the boiling
hot milk over them and put it into the
freezer. Season with vanilla or lemon
and freeze. When it is so hard the
dasher will not move take the dasher
out and put the top back and continue
to turn it for ten minutes more, then
pack and let it set for an hour or two
to ripen.

LEMON OR ORANGE EXTRACT.

I have found that the lemon and
orange seasoning is much better when
made at home and it is easily done.
Have bottle with a tight fitting stopper
and keep it half full of alcohol, into
this put the thin outside rind of the
oranges just whenever you eat one. Be
careful not to shave off any of the
white inside skin, this is bitter. When
you get into the habit you will find it
easy and that your extract bottle is
never empty. So when you make lem-
onade you will save the yellow rind of
the lemons and put them into another
bottle of alcohol. This keeps perfect-
ly and is pure, stronger and better
than anything you can buy.

Caravan.

POCKET MANUAL OP PLANT DIS-
EASES.
Our well known advertiser. Mr.
James Good, of Philadelphia, issues a
very handy little pamphlet of the above
title, and is circulating it free. It is
gotten up primarily in the interest of
his celebrated Whale Oil Soap, but the
information given about the various
diseases of fruit trees, etc., make it
well worth having.

ALL ABOUT DUST SPRAY.
This is a comprehensive treatise on
the subject from both a practical and
scientific standpoint, and is issued by
the Dust Sprayer Mfg. Co., of Kansas
City, Mo., who are advertising their
machine in this paper. Our orchard-
ists and fruit men are invited to look
up this ad and send for the pamphlet
and see the advantages accruing from
dust spraying.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

DEERING

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co of America. Chicago, U. S. A.

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Grape-vines in large assortments, Goon berries. Currants,
strawberries, Hor»e-» adi.-h, Asparagus, Dewberries and

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and Hedge Plants.

EOG8 from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per 1*
Also a few pallets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Immediate de-
livery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. W ATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

We have the following from W. E.
Shipley, breeder of pure bred Here-
ford cattle and Shropshire sheep, Valle
Crucis. N. C:

"I have used Zenoleum as a dip for
my sheep and as a spray on my cattle,
and found it very effective. It cleans
up lice wherever it goes,"

— REGISTERED —

POLAKrD-CHIlXrA

Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and young sows
with pigs. Tamworth pigs S wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va.

THE OAKS:

offers "Show Yard" material in a

Reg. MORGAN STALLION

Rising 2 years old, mahogany bay, white hind feet, diamond between nos-
trils; also a Reg. SHORTHORN BULL, red with white switch; good enough
to show in any company. Stock guaranteed as represented or can be re-
turned at my expense. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City. Va.

SIIffFSS £ Manure Spreader

^J W \3 \J md%J%J ^-^V^i Leads ever* other machine for

Leads every other machine for
the mechanical spreading of
manure. Its superiority ap-
D the fict that it is a dis-
tinct improvement on the Kemp
Spreader, which we still manu-
facture and which has been the typi-
cal Spreader for 25 years. Spreads
all manures of every character and
condition and all commercial fertir*
ij desired quantity per acre, unloading the

Irers. Pulverizes and spreads evenly. thick or thin, broaden
largest load in 3 to 5 minutes; apron automatically returns to ]

A SPECIAL FEATURED

for convenience of handling and perfection of work. Notably su
Ueater Gear, Speed Regulation and Automatic Return of Apron. Positive e
plestin gear, lightest In draft, least chance for break*;-*. The dri

trols everything from his seat. Made in four sizes and sold tinder strongest puarant.ee as to materials, workman-
ship and dutv. Investigate fully before buying. Catalogue with valuable chapter on farm fertilizing mailed tree>

KEMP cS. BURPEE MANUFACTURING CO. BOX -05- SYRACUSE, N. Y

_ MACHINE

ferioriniis Beater Freeing device. Direct Chain
MdtlTe and dependable in all movements. Sim-

smouuts for any purpose but c

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

369

EWELL FARM SALE.
The attention of our readers is
called to the thirtieth annual sale of
trotting and pacing horses, and Jersey
cattle, which is to oe held at Ewell
Farm, on Friday, June 3rd. This is an
annual breeders sale and is held joint-
ly by the Ewell Farm, of which Geo.
Campbell Brown is the manager, The
Piedmont Stock Farm, of Huntsville,
Ala., property of W. F. Garth, and the
Cleburne Farm, of Capt. M. C. Camp-
bell, Spring Hill, Tenn. Capt. Camp-
bell also contributes a number of
young Jersey cattle representative of
his herd and about 20 of the cattle that
will be offered, come from the magnifi-
cent herd of Mr. M. M. Gardner, at
Nashville, Tenn. The fame of Ewell
Farm which is now the home of Jno.
R. Gentry, 2:00£, and of Tennessee
Wilkes, 2:27, the only son of Geo.
Wilkes, that has sired two better than
2:05, and McEwen, 2:181, and Hal
Brown, the promising young son of
Brown Hal has been maintained
throughout thirty odd years, by these
annual sales and through the distribu-
tion of Tenessee pacing bred horses
throughout all the United States and
Canada. Mr. W. F. Garth, of the Pied-
mont Farm at Huntsville, is gaining
in reputation every season through the
many speedy young horses emanating
from that source. Mr. Garth himself
is a horseman of superior judgment,
and his consignment to this sale con-
tains some of the best on his farm.
Some of his colts can now show a gait
of 2:20 of trotting and pacing, and it
is a fair prediction that they will by
the time of the sale be able to show
that they are of 2:10 calibre. The
greatest sire of pacers in the world,
Brown Hal is owned at Cleburne Farm
and a number of his get are offered by
this establishment. The get of Brown
Hal won more money on the turf last
year than any other set of pacers, and
he has founded a family which is sec-
ond only to that of Geo. Wilkes. The
high character of sales always held at
Ewell Farm will be maintained by the
gentlemen interested in this one, and
the general feeling of prejudice against
auction sales need not be considered in
this case as every one will be treated
exactly alike, and there will be abso-
lute freedom from any suspicion even
of bybidding or reserving any of the
animals catalogued.

The Jerseys which will be offered at
this sale consist of animals bred on
Tennessee foundation crossed with the
most recent importations and are of
the kind that will make high class
dairy animals. Tennessee Jerseys have
been leaders all over the United States
for 20 years or more and some of the
animals here offered will be of pure
Tennessee breeding. For Southern
buyers these cattle will be kept until
October 1st, free of charge and placed
on the cars without extra cost.

For catalogue of this sale write to
Geo. Campbell Brown, Box L, Spring
Hill, Maury county, Tenn.

-I-I-I-I-I-I-I--I— I— t-^— £— I— 1--5— I—I-I--I--I--I-I-I--I-I--I— I--1-I.I 1 -I-I-I i I"I"t"I"M--I-t-

LOOK AT THIS. BUY THE BEST.

BLUE GRASS GRAZING FARfl.

NO. 191—600 acres, about 2 miles East of Wytheville, on Pepper's Ferry
road, 560 acres cleared, 40 acres in original growth timber, mostly white
oak, never been culled; 440 acres in grass and meadow; land slightly
rolling just enough to afford fine drainage, no steep hillsides or high
hills, considerable portion comparatively level; has excellent water fa-
cilities, two large springs and two branches running through the place,
one very bold spring at the barn. Good, substantial dwelling, frame
building, 2 stories, 9 rooms, solid stone foundation, house in good con-
dition, lately remodeled. Two large barns, cattle barn with capacity of
100 head, and horse barn capacity 16 head, all necessary outbuildings
on place. 3 tenant houses, frame, 3 rooms each, spring at each house.
Fine young orchard of between 800 and 1,000 trees, about two-thirds
bearing. Farm in good condition and well fenced. One of the most
desirably located and best lying farms in the county. Price $50 per acre.
NO. 230. — Building and lot on east Main street, in Wytheville, Va. Lot
on corner of 3rd and Main streets, fronting about 45 feet on Main St.,
and running back with east side of 3rd St. 300 feet to Monroe St.
Frame building, 9 rooms and brick basement with two store rooms in
basement. All necessary outbuildings. Good business corner. Prop-
ery will rent for $240 per year. Price $3,000.

All we ask is to have you look over our properties and always con-
sult in reference to farms, the

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY,

WYTHEVILLE, VA.,

C. B THOMAS and L. F. HRENNING, Managers.

-;■■;-;■ -}. .;■■;.. ;..;■.;..;. .j. ■;-;-;.. ;-;-;..]■■;..;. ^.^_!_j_j_j.^.^,.;_j.^

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
Capital Stock, - - - $200,000.00

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445.75

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth

of Virginia.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this

Bank oflers superior facilities for direct and quick collections.

JNO. P. BRANCH,

President

JNO. K. BRANCH,

vir-e-Prentrtenr.

JOHN F. GLENN
Cashier

The

OOCKER CHURN

jPf H Gets the butter from the cream down to the one
thousandth part. Mitde of tasteless wood and the churning process is
entirely the result of ifs nun motion— no machinery inside or out to
get out oC order or require oiling.

its Speriat Advantages

are: 1— Simplicity. 8— Least friction. 3— Gravity does the churning)
a child can operate it., i Ah?" lately no adjustments, always ready.
5— Nothing but the churn t>ox to clean, easily accessible 6 — Violent
atritnti"n of cream without paddles or dashers. 7— Gives the finest
grade of butter of any churn on the market. WE PAY THE FREIGHT.
money back II no! satisfied. In ei rht convenient sizes. 8 to 60
;. I'i i«-..- aa right us the quality. Illustrated circulars free.

Rocker Churn Mfg. Company, Forsyth, Georgia*

.-.THE SOUTH SIDE CARRIERS.*.

For Strawberries, Teaches, Beans, Lettuce, Cukes, Grapes, Apples, etc, sen:
for Catalogue and prices.

SOUTH SIDE M'F'G CO.,

Petersburg, Va.

370

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK.
RICHMOND, VA.
Among the new advertisements to be
found in this issue, is that of the "old
First National" of Richmond, Va. We
take pleasure in calling the attention
of our readers to this advertisement as
an opportunity is offered by which they
can get the "saving habit" and draw
interest on their deposits in a very
convenient and novel way. With a
million dollars capital and surplus,
this bank is a veritable Gibraltar
among Southern banks. Look up the
ad and write the cashier for particu-
lars.

It bites and stings and irritates your
face to shave with common soaps, just
as well enjoy as to dread shaving.
Avoid toilet and laundry soaps for
shaving. There is such a thing as a
perfect shaving soap. Try William's
Shaving Soap and enjoy easy shaving
and luxurious after effects that no
other soap can give. The J. B. Wil-
liams Company of Glastonbury, Conn.,
are sending1 a trial sample of this fam-
ous article upon receipt of a 2 cent
stamp.

READY WIT.

It may seem rather trite to go back
to Civil War times for a story, but all
the tales of that memorable time have
not been told, and as this one was a
personal experience of a relative of
mine I can vouch for it. I have never
seen it in print nor heard anyone else
tell it.

My uncle. Major Thomas Ridgely.
was a surgeon attached to General
Grant's staff. It was after the surren-
der of Vicksburg. The Union forces
had entered the city and much merry-
making and entertaining were going
on. One night a dinner was in pro-
gress at which many Northern officers
and a large number of Southern ladies
were present. Many toasts had been
proposed and drunk, all of them prac-
tically in honor of the successes of the
Union army and the men responsible
for them.

Finally one of the Southern ladies,
a great beauty and noted for her in-
tense partisan feeling for the South.
arose and said, "Gentlemen, may I pro-
pose a toast?"

With natural gallantry and a little
trepidation the ranking officer said,
"Certainly."

"Well, then, gentlemen, I give you,
'The Southern Confederacy.' "

It was an embarrassing situation.
But with hardly a moment's hesitation
one of the Northern officers relieved
the tension.

"Down with it, gentlemen," he cried;
and the glasses were drained without
embarrassment and without disloyalty.
— Francis H. Lee, in May Lippincott's,

Mention the Southebn Planteb In
v rltlng.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

PLANO

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, V. S. A.

A Washing Machine Is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Youmame on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
Bli different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in
grooves — our patent. Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS, Richmond, Va.

r~

PeLoacii Saw IWill}-^

Special for the Man with Light Power and Heavy Timber.
Cuts 2,000 to 10,000 Feet per Day. 4 to 20 h. p.

ny Mill is especially adapted to th
vrinter employment when the th

We Make All Styles

i*mnjMiULr&m>&t&MVV*iu»*»t**iii»»'l*0'i»tiai**»imi»'***

Sawmills from smallest to largest capacity. A (rreat ---

elusive feature in the Do Loach Variable Friction Drive,

Our advantages in cheep Southern labor and

superior and low-priced lumber, iron and steel

able us to make the best saw mills for loasl

, ...oney of any manufacturer In the world.

Our Mill Machinery Line includes shinpie

Mills, Planers, EdfrerK, Trimmers, Btavs Mills, Lath
(Mills, Wattr Wheels. Portable lirin.linK Mills, Shalt,

lnp, etc. Ask for Saw Mill ami General Machinery
[Catalogue. MaUed free for the asking.

De Loach Mill Mfg. Co.,

Box 600 Atlanta, Ga.

ASSETS, $932,050.00.

ORGANIZED 1832.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.
AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PAU1ER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 371

BILTMORB FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GQLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. j» ^ >

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality
that wins in the show rinc.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever oflered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.

* * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. > *

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last tT7d seasons. If you want winners von
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c.

*****************X*********^^ ********** ****** **************************

Eggs for hatcTTTnG

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

4» 4» Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class_ ^l £
^ ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13.^*^ ^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .• / .• Staunton, Va,

372

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

COW GIVES A HUNDRED POUNDS

OF MILK A DAY.
A Herd of Holsteins at the World's

Fair Out for a Record.
Average Holstein Weighs 3,000 Pounds

One Cow's Record for a Year is 30,-

182 Pounds— Calf Sells for $4,000.

The Breed's Historv Dates Back

2,000 Years.

St. Louis. — Calmly chewing their
cuds in comfortable stalls in a model
barn on the World's Fair grounds at
St. Louis are 15 big Holstein cows on
which the Holstein Friesian Associa-
tion pin their faith and are confident
that they will demonstrate the supe-
riority over all other breeds of cattle.

In other stables near by are repre-
sentative herds of Jerseys, Devons.
Brown Swiss and Shorthorns and the
same degree of confidence is evinced
among the followers of each breed.

E. B. Von Heyne, who has earned
an enviable reputation as a developer
of milch cows, is in charge of the Hol-
steins at the World's Fair. He thinks
this breed is the best in the world and
he says that the present test will sure-
ly settle tfle question and demonstrate
that the Holstein as a dairy cow espe-
cially, as well as for general pur-
poses, has no equal.

"Yes," said Mr. Von Heyne as some
of the Jerseys were driven by, "the
Jersey cows won in Chicago, but then
they had no competition. The Hol-
steins did not participate in that test
but this time it will be different. We
are here to win that prize," and the
superintendent leaned back in a self-
satisfied manner as though it were all
over but the shouting.

"The Holsteins," said Mr. Von
Heyne, "have been bred in Holland and
the Friesian Islands for more than
2,000 years, and he thinks that in that
country the science of dairying is as
far advanced as in any other country
of the world.

The Holstein cow is angular of
frame, rawboned and big. The aver-
age weight is about 3,000 pounds. The
Holstein colors are pronounced and
unmistakable — the black and white
mottled. The good cow is never fat.
Mr. Von Heyne explains this by saying
that the ideal cow is a machine and
that her mission is to assimilate her
food and convert it into milk. The
milch cow is not bred for the flesh.

"A good Holstein cow is never fat,"
said Mr. Von Heyne. "She is a ma-
chine for the manufacture of milk —
not tallow."

The first importation of Holstein cat-
tle to America was made in 1621.
Other importations were made at later
dates, but no attempt was made to
keep the breed pure until 1861 when
W. W. Chenery, of Belmont, Mass.,
brought over a herd. Since then
many other herds have been imported
and there are as many pure blood Hol-
steins in the United States now as
there are Jerseys.

"While I confidently expect to tri-
umph over the Jerseys an.d all other

The Proof oj the

Planter is the

Stand oj the Crop.

FARQUHAR KEYSTONE
CORN PLANTER

Plants corn, beans, peas, etc., without cracking a grain or
missing a. hill. "Will work wherever a plow will run. Drops
peed in drills, or in hills at any distance. Distributes any
kind of fertilizer in any quantity desired, with absolute
safety from injury to seed. Strong steel frame gives light-
ness and durability. Write for new 1904 catalogue describ-
ing this and other farm Implements and machinery.
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., York, Pa.

SPRAY NOW

and save your fruit and
vegetables. Catalogue
and Spraying Calendar
giving FORMULAS, free
for the asking.

Our Pumps used by Vir-
ginia and North Carolina
Agricultural Departments

Pumps, Wind Mills,
Rams, Fencing, Gasoline
Engines, etc.

Sydnor Pump and Well Co., Inc.,

BOX 949,

RICHMOND, VA.

GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED
STEEL BEAM

PLOWS

AND REPAIRS.

This far-famed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you is worthy of all that
Is said In praise of It. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 Just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

Write for this FREE catalogue
at once.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season is at hand.
PRODUCTS higher
ever. Our prices low.
for Free Catalogue.

HEN

than

Write

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

373

■breeds here at the World's Fair, I want
to say that we did not consider it nec-
essary to go to the length that the
Jersey people did. They selected the
choicest specimens from all over the
United States. They assembled their
cows at Jerseyville, 111., near St. Louis
and have kept them in training for a
year.

"When the Holstein Friesian Asso-
ciation decided to enter the contest I
went out into one county in New York
State and bought some of the cows.
The remainder will come from Wiscon-
sin. They are just good, average, pure
hlooded Holsteins the same as may be
found in any first-class dairy farm.
There is no need to spend time in ac-
climating Holsteins. They do well in
Ttussia and equally as well in oouth
Africa or any climate in the world.

"The milk of the Holsteins is not
quite as rich as the milk of the Jer-
seys. But it more than makes it up
in the quantity. A Holstein cow at
the International Agricultural Exhi-
bition at Amsterdam from oeptember
7, 18S3, to June 7, 1884, produced
14.223 pounds of milk. The record of
Pietertje II. for one year is 30,182
pounds of milk.

"Mercedes Julipes Pieterje, a cow I
developed myself, produced as a six-
year-old in an official seven-day test
29 pounds and 3 ounces of butter.

"Sadie Voll Concordia, the present
world's champion, not alone among
the Holsteins but of all breeds, pro-
duced in an official test in seven days
697 pounds of milk which yielded 30
pounds and 10 ounces of butter. This
test was made in New York State at
the Cornell Experiment Station in
1903. This cow at the age of 13 years
sold for $2,300. A calf from this splen-
did cow. at the age of four weeks, sold
for $4,000.

"Now the Holstein is not only a milk
producer without an equal but she is
a beef producer as well. We will com
pete with the Short Horns on the beef
production, a thing the Jerseys would
never attempt. The Holstein is the
practical and economical breed of cat-
tle for the United States ana it will
he proven at the test this summer."

THE ANNUAL SALE OF JERSEYS
AT "LINDEN GROVE."

We take great pleasure in calling
the attention of our readers and dairy-
men especially to the advertisement
of Mr. T. S. Cooper. Coopersburg, Pa.,
to be found on another page. As has
heen his custom for a number of years,
Mr. Cooper will sell to the highest
bidder. May 30th, his recent importa-
tion of Jersey cattle. To describe
these cattle is an impossible task on
our part, as Jersey experts who have
seen the herd and passed upon it seem
at an utter loss for proper descriptive
adjectives. It is needles to say, how-
ever, that this sale will be equal to, if
not surpassing, any of his previous
efforts, and that is saying a great deal.

Be sure and refer to the ad. and
send for a catalogue.

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

MILWAUKEE

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

Where to Sell Your WOOL

WE ARE THE LEADING DEALERS IN THE WOOL TRADE IN VIRGINIA.

HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID, and no Commission, Freight, &c.
charged- SACKS FURNISHED FREE. Checks remitted promptly.
Correspond with us when ready to sell.

THE WALLERSTEIN PRODUCE CO., 19 & 21 So. 13th St., Richmond, Va.

References: American National Bank and Richmond merchants generally.

DLDLkICM S Machinery

id built by the man who practically created the hay
shipping industry of the world. For every character or reguiit- ment
of work, there is a Dederick Press to meet the demand. In the

COLUMBIAN
BOX BALING PRESS

the disadvantages of the old-fashioned box
press are removed by the invention of a new
pressing power. Send for free catalogue with
full detailed description of baling machinery
of all kinds.
P. K. DEDERICK'S SONS, 87 Tlvoli St., Albany, N. Y

Masters Rapid Plant Setter

The only hand mechanical plant setter on the market. Avoids
stooping and the drudgery of setting out Cabbage, Tobacco,
Tomatoes, Sweet Potatoes, Sugar Beets, etc.

Sets Plants ii\ Water

or liquid fertilizer at just right depth and so they stand erect. At Its

best when weather is dryest and hand setting means failure to- grow. As-
sures better stand of quicker starting, better growing plants. With a little
practice one man will set 8,000 plants a day.

Ask your dealer for Masters Rapid Plant Setter. IF he does not handle it
send us his name and we will see that you are supplied. Write for par-
ticulars. Circulars free.

Masters Planter Co., 171 South Water Street, Chicago. I1L

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, Het it with us. Sc -ate.
Largest list of farnif for -ale ;ttAHJi|
Write for Krue Caialugue. ,,.„, A

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., inc. Richmond, Virginia.

— ^ «—• ^ — p^— — — i«^ «i— ^ »"^^^^W^W»"

A neat Binder for your back num-bers can be had for 25 cents. Address

our Business Office.

374

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

PLANT INTRODUCTION GARDEN
AND EXPERIMENT STATION.

The United States Department of
Agriculture has decided to establish
a Plant Introduction Garden and Ex-
periment Station at Chico, California
Contracts for the necessary land have
been closed and work has been begun
on what will undoubtedly be the great-
est institution of its kind in America
and perhaps in the world. A begin-
ning will be made with ninety acres
but it is the intention of the Depart-
ment to extend the area as the needs
of the institution require. The gar-
den will be devoted to experimental
culture of the plants introduced from
various parts of the world and to a
careful study of plant life.

Such an institution has long been
contemplated by the Agricultural De-
partment. California was selected for
its location on account of climatic con-
ditions which admit of the culture of
tender plants from the tropics and of
Northern products as well. The ideal
location for such an institution is that
which admits of the successful cultiva-
tion of the widest possible range of
products and the committee entrusted
with the duty of selecting the site be-
lieve they have found it at Chico.

This committee was composed of
Prof. P. H. Dorsett, Government Ex-
pert, who will have charge of the in-
stitution, and Prof. A. V. Stubenrauch,
of the University of California, act-
ing with Dr. A. J. Pieters. head of the
division for seed and plant distribu-
tion. Messrs. Dorsett and Stuben-
rauch spent months in making a care-
ful study of conditions affecting plant
life in various portions of the State,
visiting and carefully inspecting each
locality likely to prove available. The
decision in favor of Chico was reached
sometime ago but the site selected
could not be secured and another tract
had to be chosen, which has now been
done and the purchase consummated.

Chico is situated near the eastern
border of the great Sacramento Valley,
seventy-five miles north of Sacramento,
the State capital, and was the most
northerly point considered by the com-
mittee. Climatic conditions in Cali-
fornia are affected but little if at all
by conditions of latitude, the orange,
the lemon and the olive being staple
products of a district that measures
fully five hundred miles north and
south.

Don't rut your fields with narrow
tires. Get a set of Electric metal
wheels; save your horses, save your
back, save repair bills and be happy.
A good Wheel Sense booklet free. Ad-
dress Electric Wheel Co., Box 146.
Quincy, 111.

in addition, contains a great fun
which even the most successful
is the work of a specialist: nn^

SAVE YOUR HOGS

This can be done through my plan of treatment, which affords every swine raiser
practically absolute protection against loss from disease and unthriftiness. Its great
and continued success for more than 28 years Is indisputable proof of my claim, but to
make it doubly strong, I WILL INSURE HOGS AND PAY FOR ALL THAT DIE
when they are fed my remedy, under the terms of my insurance proposition.

HOG BOOK FREE ,_— »

"HOGOLOGY," my book about hogs.fully explains my insurance proposition, and,
of general Information for the swine raiser, from
rill get many valuable pointers. Remember, this book
ho has spent a lifetime in the study of the care of
hogs and the treatment of their diseases,
hence is practical and useful. It will be sent
FREE to any one who mentions the South-
ern Planter when asking for it.
l-> , |ii ■ Order a supply of Haas'

llfin I VU3IT Hog Remedy, and get
MUII I HUH started on the road to
success, for there is no other way so sure, so
safe or so inexpensive, results considered.
Trices for the remedy: 35-lb. can, $12.50; 12V2-
1b. can, $6.50, prepaid; packages, $2.50, $1.25,
and 50 cents. None genuine without my sig-
nature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS, V. S.,

Indianapolis, lnd-
HII MM Mil )- '*"MTt*^f IS

;fooO

FOOD

A C TS LIKE MAGIC

Thirteen years' successful use has proven Manfield's MAGIC STOCK FOOD to be abso-
lutely the best animal Tonic and system Regulator for HORSES. CATTLE, SHEEP and
HOGS. It contains all the necessary requirements. It is purely vegetable, and is guar-
anteed to be safe and effectual, or money refunded. A hard winter on stock leaves them
in a run down condition and in such cases Magic Food is necessary. Stock and Poultry
raising cannot be entirely successful without Magic Food. MAGIC FOOD is Imitated. Get
the genuine, avoid substitutes.

Every Farmer and Stock Owner who sends his address to the Magic Food Co., Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., will receive free by mail a valuable book on the management of Stock and
Poultry, and three nice colored pictures, without advertisements and well worth framing.

Magic Poultry food will KEEP THE FLOCK HEALTHY, and make hens lay. Sold by
3,000 dealers in 33 States.

If your dealer does not keep it, write to us.

DR. A. C. DANIELS

<§>

Can save you Money, save your Horse,
save your Mule or save your Cow. j-jfi

Home Treatment for Horses and Cattle*

Sick and Lame Horses Made Well. Weak Cows Made Strong. Better Breeders and Milkers-
Book for the asking of your druggist or dealer, or send to

Ifci "D A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, MASS.

Mention the Planter.

UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED

"THE MASTER WORKMAN..

A two-cylinder gasoline engine; superior to all one-cylinder engines. Costs less to buy and less to run. Quicker and easier started. Has a wider
sph»r» of usefulness. Has no vibration; can be mounted" on any light wagon as a portable. Weighs leas than half of one-cylinder engines. Give size
of engine required. Sizes 1H, 2, 2%, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 15 hor9e power. Mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Meagh«r
Mid 15th 8ti., CHICAGO.

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

375

LAIDLAW'5

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5=lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25=lb. hag, $2.60; 50=lb. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A. \

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores. 3

•<HXH»O{HKKXH3<H}r>0«H«H^^

A few articles quoted below will convince you that for cash you can live cheaply by dealing with us.

We have a complete line of groceries, feed and liquors. Should you need anything not quoted here,

write for prices. These prices are subject to changes in the market. We charge 10c. per gallon extra

for jugs. Our goods guaranteed to be first-class.

prices f. o. b. here.

Granulated Sugar, per lb 4ic.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb lie.

Best meal, per peck, 20c; or, per bushel 70c.

Pride of Richmond Flour, per sack, 35c; or. per bbl. .$5.40

Daisy Flour, per sack. 33c; per bbl 5.25

Good Green Coffee, per lb 9c

Best Salt Pork, per lb 10c

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7c & 9c

Best Butcher's Lard, per lb 10c

Good Lard, 3 lbs. for 25c

Green, Black and Mixed Tea, per lb 35c, 40c. & 50c.

Best Cheese, per lb 15c

Best Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c

Best Roe Herrings, per dozen ISc.

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 35c

Best Genuine N. O. Molasses, per gallon 60c

Good Dark Molasses, per gallon 25c & 35c

Soaps, 8, 7, 6, 10 and 11 bars for 25c

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c.

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can 12c.

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Apple, Plum, Reynolds' Sun

Cured Tobacco for 25c.

Best Lemons, per dozen 12c.

Good Corn, per bushel 65c.

Remittance must accompany all orders. Send

Goods delivered free of drayage to any depot. All

Good Oats, per bushel 50c

Best Timothy Hay, per ton $19.00

I ixed Hay. per ton 18.00

No. 1 Clover, per ton 16.00

Bran, per ton 23.00

Ship Stuff, per ton 24.00

Old Crown Rye, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

OM Keystone Bye, 4 years old, per gallon 2.50

'.sior Rye, 3 years old. per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye. 2 years old, per gallon 1.50

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey. 2 years old. per gallon 2.00

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 5 years old, per gallon.... 2.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c

Apple Brandy, 3 years old, per gallon 2.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

Geneva Gin, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

London Dock Gin, 5 years old, per gallon 2.50

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1.00

Buchu Gin, for kidneys, per bottle 1.00

Catawba Wine, per gallon 50c.

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 50c.

California Sherry Wine, per gallon 1.00

(Sacks for corn and oats, 5c extra.)

P. O.

r Exp. Order, Reg. Letter, for what vou want

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Inc.,

No. 1724 East Main Street,
RICHMOND, VA
'Phone 507.

376

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[May,

UTTERLY IMPOSSIBLE.

Uncle Daniel Harmon's pastor was a
vigorous temperance advocate. For
years and years he had preached to the
old man about the virtues of total ab-
stinence, but had never succeeded in
convincing his parishioner that it was
wisest and best for him to part com-
pany with the "cussid stuff." At last
one day, after long persuasion, the
minister managed to extract from the
old man a promise that he would not
drink another drop. The Saturday
night following the day on which this
promise was obtained the parson met
Uncle Dan on the street with a basket
of groceries in one hand and a tell-
tale "little brown jug" in the other.

"What you got in dat jug, Uncle
Dan?" asked the parson.

"It's liquor!" exclaimed the old
man; "it's liquor. It sho' is liquor,
an' I ain't gwinetah lie 'bout it."

"Whose liquor is it?" inquired the
minister.

"It b'longs to me an' Deacon Walkah
— me an' Deacon Walkah, sah," said
Uncle Dan, looking the questioner
straight in the eye.

"Bruddah Harmon, you ain't forgot
yo' promus so soon, is you?" asked
Rev. Mickins. Uncle Dan made no re-
ply-

"Set dat jug down — set it right
down," commanded the parson, "an'
po' dat whiskey right out on de
groun'!"

The old man put the basket and the
jug down. Then, straightening up, he
said, —

"Bruddah Pastah, you knows I tries
to 'bey you in ev'yt'ing — I sho' do; but
I don't think you'd want me to follah
yo' ordahs in dis mattah ef I tol' you
it would cause me to treat Deacon
Walkah wrong."

"I don't see," protested the preacher
"how you'd be treatin' Deacon Walkah
wrong by po'in' out dat liquor."

"Ain't 1 done tol' you," explained
Uncle Dan, "dat me an' Deacon Walkah
went 'in cahoots' in buyin' dis liquor
— dat ha'f uv it b'longs to him an' de
uddah ha'f b'longs to me?"

"Dat's so." said Rev. Mickins, "dat's
so, Uncle Dan; well, den, you po' out
yo' ha'f — I reckin you kin do dat!"

"Dat's onpossible," said Uncle Dan.
"dat's onpossible; I can't po' out my
ha'f 'dout po'in' out Deacon Walkah's
ha'f."

"How's dat?" asked the preacher.
"How's dat?"

"Cause," said the old man, "Deacon
Walkah's ha'f's on top, an' mine at de
bottom!" — Silas Xavier Floyd, in May
Lippincott's.

Valuable pamphlet "Diseases of
Sheep and How to Cure Them" sent
free by mail to subscribers to this
paper on receipt of twelve names of
■ heep-owners by William Cooper &
""ephews, 142 Illinois street, Chicago,
[11.

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

f

Fill in the Dimensions in the diagram, cut it out, mail it to us and we will quote you price on a
sufficient quantity of whichever kind of roofing you desire.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
- Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

4 «**3«;r*3«3«3tX****3»3r*3^

: DO YOUR TRADING —

Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. Thenameof LUMSDEN
on anything in the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line is a standard of quality.

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY,

STERLING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS.

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; it contains
many articles on which we can save you money.

... C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established I835, 73I East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

SOUTTJEBN ELANTEB.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

S7T

ESTABLISHED 1840.

INCORPORATES 111*

A. C. SINTON. President, R. R. GWATHMEY, Vice-President. I. J. SUTTON, J.cr.tir,

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sis., Richmond, Va

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and
Harness. *£ <£ <£ &

• WMR WW MILL.

PEERLESS ENGINE.

SPANGLER CORN PLANTER.

ALL STYLES OF BUGGIES.

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend. Dixie
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

Hocking Valley Feed CutterB. Cyclone
Shredders. Smalley Feed Cutters, Daln Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well
known Mlnnich Hand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shellers. for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock.
Several good second-hand Engines and other
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.

John Deere and Continental Disc Cultiva-
tors, Corn Planters, etc. A full llns of Planet
Jr., Garden Tools. Your correspondence is
solicited

THE SPANGLER CORN PLANTER WITH
AND WITHOUT FERTILIZER ATTACHMENT.

The Spangler Planter has a side gear which
is convenient and practical. The quantity of
corn to be dropped can be regulated lsstastly
without changing the quantity of ths fertil-
izer sown, or the quantity of the fertiliser
can be changed without affecting the cor»
dropping, and either can be discontinued is
an instant and not sow at all.

Hoosler Single and Double Row PlsnUr.
made entirely of steel, except handles— s v»ry
durable machine — Black Hawk, and Jobs
Dpere single and double row plasters.

We will mall copy of our new cat-
alogue upon application.

EXTENSION TOP 1UKMT.

FTSH and WI1BR WiQONI.

FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW.

r, tf i) i H 1 1 ■ \\ V \>

SPIKE TOOTH HARROWT

BEMENT IMPROVED WEEDER

COMBINED CULTIVATOR. AND HOR8K H.OE.

SOUTH r.END PLOW

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th and Franklin and 14th and Main Streets, - - RICHMOND, VA.

878

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

FARQUHAR'S CATALOGUE.
Our well-known advertisers, The A.
B. Farquhar Co., York, Pa., send us
their 1904 catalogue. This company
was one of the victims of the Balti-
more fire, inasmuch as all the first
plates of the catalogue were destroy-
ed. Hence the delay in getting it out.
Of course, all of our readers should
have this catalogue. It contains full
description of all the implements
made by this firm. Thousands of our
readers are patrons of this firm, and
thousands of others should be. Don't
forget to send for the catalogue. It's
well worth having.

THE WELCOME WAG.

A gentleman was walking with his
youngest son at the close of the day
and in passing the cottage of a German
laborer the boy's attention was at-
tracted to the dog. It was only a com-
mon cur, but the boy took a fancy
to him, and asked his parent to buy
the animal for him, promising to take
good care of it.

Just then the owner of the dog came
home and was demonstratively met by
the dog. The gentleman said to the
owner:

"My little boy has taken a fancy to
your dog and I should like to buy him.
What do you ask for him?'

"I can't sell dat dog," said the Ger-
man.

"Look here," said the gentleman,
"that is a poor dog, but as my boy
wants him I will give you a sovereign
for him."

"Yaas," said the German, "I knows
he is very poor dog, and not vort much-
but der ish van leetle ding mit dat dog
I can't sell — I can't sell de vag of his
tail ven I comes home at night."

The May Century's features of war
interest will be "Unhappy Korea" and
"Korea, the Bone of Contention," both
from authorities. The Rev. Arthur
.Tudson Brown, D. D., author of "The
New Era in the Philippines," is secre-
tary of the Board of Foreign Missions
of the Presbyterian Church. He has
traveled in Korea and knows the con-
ditions whereof he writes, conditions
which may well make Korea unhappy.
Homer B. Hulbert, who contributes the
account of "Korea, the Bone of Conten-
tion." will be remembered as author
of "The Sign of the Jumna" and nar-
rator of "In Search of a Siberian Klon-
dike." He has been editor of the
Korea Review of Seoul for some years
and has made a study of Korean his-
tory, ethnology, etc. His article will
discuss the probable fate of Korea in
the event of either Russian or Japan-
ese victory; and will touch upon how
the result of the war must affect
America and American interests.

Your money back

if you are not satisfied

DO YOTJ SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid in full, and the

f>roud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry
t out to the letter?

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the public and our chances
of still srreater success by falling to fulfil any promise we make ?

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi-
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ? „„

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why
It's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration !

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $0:22 EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR-
ODD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We
ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside.

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash,
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts far S4.00 by Express
Prepaid or *0 quarts tor »18.00 by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ATLANTA, GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN.

156 DISTILLIBY, TBOTo O. ESTABLISHED 1866.

"Set 40 acres of cabbage plants last
year with four of your setters — never
had such a good stand before." Read
Masters Planter Co.'s ad.

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louii, Ptoria, Indiaaapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, ToUdo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT »i££2r&2£n ROUTE.

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHAnLOTTESVILLB,
RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal "Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Qen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

l»04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

379

Farm Implements and Machinery.

DOUBLE ROW PLANTER.

THE BEST THRESHING OUT-
FIT for a thresherman to buy is
the Ajax Threshing Engine and
Farquhar Separator Engines from
up. Easy steamers develop
more than rated horse power.
Have driver's seat, foot brake and
two injectors. Separators of al
sizes with latest improvements,
thresh and clean all kinds of grain
perfectly.

DISC HARROWS with or without
solid steel weight boxes. Most dura-
ble bearing with oil reservoir direct-
ly over axle free from dust and clog-
ging. Anti Friction Rollers. Adjust-
able Seats. Easy to handle. Light In
draft.

ALL STEEL LEVER HARROWS
made up of sections of 25 teeth each.
Instantly adjusted straight or slanting
by lever.

THE EMPIRE CORN PLANTER
with or without fertilizer attachment
The Lightest Planter Made. Plants
any quantity and distance accurately.

DOUBLE ROW PLANTER with or
without Check Rower, Drill and Fer-
tilizer attachments. Adjustable in
width, distance of drop and quantity.

DISC CULTIVATORS and HAR-
ROW combined. Made of steel and
malleable iron. Light Draft, Great
Strength, High Steel Arch, Steel Axle,
Steel Wheels, adjustable in width.
Discs adjustable in depth and at any
angle.

WALKING AND RIDING CULTI-
VATORS with four, six or eight shor-
els and spring teeth.

WALKING CULTIVATOR.

THE MILWAUKEE LINE OF HARVESTING MACHINERY. Binders, Mow«rs and Rakes. Light Dratt, with
greatest strength, durability and perfection in work.

THE NEW MOLINE AND IMPERIAL WAGONS. Bu ilt of air dried timber, and all material the best.

IRON AGE PATTERN CULTIVATORS AND HARROWS. MALTA DOUBLE SHOVEL PLOWS, FIELD ROLL-
ERS, with Solid Steel Head. BALING PRESSES for hand and power.

GRAIN DRILLS, FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTORS, MANURE SPREADERS, FEED CUTTERS, PEA HULLERS,
SAW MILLS, GRINDING MILLS, etc. Write for prices.

13 So. Fifteenth Street,
Between Main and Cary.

Established by
GEO. WATT, 1840.

THE CALL-WATT CO.,

MANFRED CALL, Gen'l Manager.

RICHMOND, VA.

380

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

The following Hit •( paper* ai< periodical!
are the most popular one* la toll sectlos.
We caa SAVE TOTJ MONET on whateTer
Journal jou wlah:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Tlmes-Dlepatch, Richmond. Va J6 00 U 00

The Post, Waihlngton, D. C 100 < 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md » 00 I 40

News-Leader, Richmond. Va IN S 00

THI-WEEKLT.

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. T... 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 100 140

Montgomery Advertiser 100 100

Nashville American 50 75

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 36

Breeder's OasstU 2 00 1 75

Heard's Dalrymaa 100 136

Country Gentleman 1 60 1 76

Religious Herald, -Richmond, Va. ... 2 00 2 25

Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 100 125

Central Pretbyterlam, " " ....2 00 2 25

Horseman 3 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 76

Dairy and Creamery 64 71

Commercial Poultry 60 76

All three 1 60 1 16

North American Review 6 00 6 00

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Forum Magazine 3 00 3 25

Scrlbner's Magazine 300 325

Frank Leslie's Magazlae 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan Magazine 1 00 1 35

Everybody's Magazine 100 135

Munsey Magazine 100 136

Strand Magazine 126 166

McClure's Magazine 100 136

Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 2 50 2 76

Poultry Success 1 00 76

Rural Mechanics 100 55

Bleoded Stock 50 W

Successful Farming 100 75

Southern Fruit Grower a* U

Where you desire to subscribe to tws er
mors of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 50 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe t»
any other publications net listed here, write
■s and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time dees net expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
•ne year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any
eerrespondenee.

We furnlsb NO SAMPL1 COPIES of otter
psrMlaals.

Seed House of the South.

JAPAN
BUR

CLOVER,
eLOVER,

KENTUCKY

BLUE ORASS

RANDALL

GRASS,

TALL MEADOW

OAT ORASS,

JOHNSON

GRASS,

BUCKWHEAT,
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every

variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

+■ *■ & WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, <*

I Headquarters for

Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders.
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.

<§* Apples, Nectarines, Pecans,

«|* Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts,

«* Peach, Quinces, Walnuts,

<*» Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits,

«j» Apricots,

«J» CALIFORNIA PRIVET, tor Hedging.

4* . . AGENTS WANTED

£ FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO.,

Ornamental and
Shade Trees,
Evergreens,
Roses, Etc,

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

Baltimore, Md.

1M4.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

381

HOW TO LIVE TO 100.
I find that the information usually
sought from me is as to my food and
habits of life, that may show why my
life has been extended beyond the
usual span. As to food, I have been
accustomed to eat oatmeal porridge
and milk from my childhood, and I
still use it for the principal part of my
breakfast, with a single cup of black
tea and a slice of plain bread after it.
I consider it both wholesome and nu-
tritious. Till quite late in life I ate
butchers' meat, I did not care how
fat, but the fat began to disagree with
me, and I have made it a rule to eat
nothing that disagrees with my diges-
tion, no matter how palatable. I have,
therefore, for many years, eaten neither
beef or mutton or pork in any form. I
take instead a little fowl or fish with
my cup of tea at mid-day for dinner,
and at six o'clock I find a cup of tea
and a slice of bread is all I need. My
cup of tea is my only dessert; I eat no
pie or pudding, drink nothing stronger
than tea, eat no suppers, go to bed at
or before ten o'clock and rise these
dark mornings about half past seven.
I now ask my young readers to open
their Bibles at the 25th chapter of
Matthew, and read from the 31st verse
to the end, and learn that, whether life
is long or short, the important point
is to be prepared for its end. — Senator
Wark. in the Globe.

"Have you no pride?" "Naw," re-
plied the street beggar. "But I'm goin'
ter lay in er supply when it gits er
trifle cheaper." "Gets cheaper!" "Yep,
Pride, dey say, is bound ter have er
fall."

Men love women for what they lack,
for the promises they break — and for
the things they leave undone.

REGISTERED

Guernsey Cattle

Of all ages, for sale, including a 2-year
eld Bull, from a tested dam.

G. M. WALLACE,

FALMOUTH, VA.

]P***X3t3t****CXJMt3t3*3«^^ ************

5

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
Glasses by mail our specialty.

i PHOTO DEPARTMEN

' ' is also complete with CAMERAS, KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

Our line of OPERA G ALSSES, FIELD 0LA5SES, Incubator and Dairy
THERMOMETERS, etc. , etc. , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases.

in i era omui no., i ui tin sis.,

THE GREAT ROLLER SWING.

A table may be placed on the foot platform and eating or games can be engaged in while you swing. The old
lawn swing put out of business.

A Joy In Hot Weather.

Operates as easily as a rocking chair. Is an ornament
to any lawn or porch, and with our handsome patented
tilting CANOPY TOP you do not need a shady place.
Very ornamental and makes a pretty effect. It is hand-
some, strong, and well made, carrying four adult pas-
sengers and all the kids in the neighborhood.
First, there is a lower platform with two short concave tracks on each end, and on this is placed the foot platform
which is hung on four flanged wheels. The upper platform carrying the seats has at each corner a curved steel
track riding upon the circumference of the flange wheel of the foot platform, giving an easy motion like the ball bear-
ings of a bicycle. The slightest movement of the feet swings the upper platform two feet each way. The motion is
delightful. Old and young all enjoy it. Will not give you that uncomfortable sensation of sea sickness. Good-bye
to the old style high swing with its squeaky roise sea sickness, as big as all outdoors, and liable to catch the hand or
arm when the body of the swing passes the upright frame.

Big fun for children. Delightful and refreshing for the old folks. Keeps the children at home and brings them
good company. Is as much fun as a merry-go-round or playing railroad train. The old folks enjoy it, the young
folks are delighted with it. Children never tire of it, while the nurse and baby can use it all the time. Newest,
Latest and Best. Delightful movement; easy, pleasant and cool. If you want to be certain of getting ons of these
swings this spring, place your order NOW.

RICHMOND ENGINE & PUHP CO.,

1422 Main Street, - RICHMOND, VA.

382 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [May,

A LIBERAL OFFER.

H>

3 Months Trial Subscription -

« » « »

I Southern Planter!

for 10 CENTS or 3 for 25 CENTS.

—TO THE-

J This liberal offer should be accepted by thous- J*

ands who are not now reader*.

Send in at once.

irirlrMrirlrir 4H"M< ■ I- ■ t ■ 'i-HrHrWk ■H°H,^l';f4'44^>4^,4MJTCH^4t,tH'4,'t'4' * '

The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

f

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

883

Courtland, Ala., April 1, 1904.
Jos. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

Dear Sir, — I have been using your
Hog Remedy for about two years, but
will say I have not used enough, or
not as much as I should. I have raised
in the two years something near 75
hogs, have had very few sick and only
one to die. I think all swine raisers
should use your Hog Remedy. En-
closed please find postal money order
for $6.50 for another half can. Ship
by express. Yours very respectfully,
Wm. Price.

"We-ell, some ways I'd like to an'
some ways I wouldn't," said Farmer
Bentover, when the suave dispenser of
encyclopedias had paused in his siren
song.

"You see, if I was to sign for that
'ere cyclopedee in forty-seven parts,
including the index and appendicitis,
I'm sorter afraid I'd hev to work so
hard to pay fer it thet I'd be too tired
to enjoy readin' it; while if I read it
at my leisure, as I ort to, in order to
get the good of it, I wouldn't have
time to era the price. So, all things
considered, I'll have to deny myself
the privilege, as it were. Looks sorter
like rain off to the sou'east. don't it?"

Stop! Look!! Listen!!!
Masters Planter Co.'s ad.

j* THE jt

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE

INVESTMENTS

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,

TO- m>- THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would * country where work can be carried on the entire year and where
large profits can be realized Interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and •
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE,
Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va.

EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi

When corresponding with o*r advertisers always mention the
Bouthvrn Planter.

RICHMOND ENGINE & PUMP CO.,

1422 MAIN STREET.

MORE OF OUR ENGINE outfits in use to-day, than the combined output of any three
of the largest concerns in existence :

If you wish proof, write us for any number of names of those whom we have supplied
in nearly every county in Virginia and North Carolina.

Draws Water,

Saws Wood,

Shells Corn,

Cuts Feed,

Turns Grindstone.

What other one
thing can possibly
take the place of
labor to such great
extent ?

LABOR CAN BE COUNTED
ON NO LONGER, don't rob your-
self of all the pleasure of living by
PUTTING OFF, PUTTING OFF
that which is in your reach and will
contribute so largely to the health
and comfort, of those about you :
Hot weather is coming and you
will need water. Our's is NOT
THE ENGINE WHICH IS
EVER OUT OF ORDER, which
requires a machine shop by it and
that's the reason we are so far in
the lead.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE, ETC.

RICHMOND ENGINE A, PUMP CO.,

Richmond, Va,

3S4

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[May,

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

i II Th"

|; • i Celebrated

|fi|Plymouth

ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL.

Twine, «*

Even, Smooth,
Strong. - Full

— 3m

Only pail made that prevents Dirt and Hair from
dropping into the Milk andSTRAINSIT TWICE
while milking. Aerates and cools it.

Every Farmer and dairyman Shonld Have it.

Length. Every
Ball 'Warranted.

Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader. Three Sizes*

All the merchants in town
who claim to sell Oliver
(Jhillad Plows and Repairs only sell the Imita-
tion, Bogns, Cheap Goods. The only place in
Richmond, Va., to buy Genuine Oliver Plows
and Repairs Is at 1436 and 14S8 E. Main 8treet.

TMC WHEELS WILL NOT LIFT fWOM TMC OPKUiWO.

CHAMPION Mowers, Reapers, Binders, Hay
Rakes and Twine.

TIGER Steel and Wood Self-Dump Rakes,
GRANGER Steel and Wood Hand Dump Rakes,
all sizes.

Frick and Aultman and Taylor Enaines.

Saw Mills and Threshers.

Special prices given on Studebaker and

Brawn Wagons, Buggies, and Carts.

Superior Grain and Fertilizer Drills.

Hoe and Disk.

Bameut Disc Cultivator, with
6 or 8 Disc.

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings and mal-
leable iron. The most simple and easiest ad-
justed cultivator on', the market to-day. Write
for circulars and, testimonials.

Genuine BROWN Walking and Riding

Cultivator. All styles. Write for

circular and prices.

One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain
or with Fertilizer Attachment.

Smith's EUREKA Corn Planters.

FARMER'S FRIEND Plain and Fertilizer

Planters.

TIGER Double-Row Plain Planters. TIGBR

Double-Row Planters with Fertilizer and

Check Rower Attachment.

Michigan Wheelbarrow Sower.

Three Sizes.
Cahoon Seed Sower.

Tiger Disk Harrows.

Plain and Lever Spring Tooth

Harrows. All Sizes.

HENING & NUCKOLS.

Hallock Flat Tootb Weeder*.
"Bement" Improved Duplex Tooth Weedera.

Ross Ensilage Cutters, Fodder Cutters,

Fodder Shredders, Powers, all sizes.

Write for circulars and price?.

Successors to

CHAS. E. HUNTER,

1436-38 E. Main SI..

WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE

WHEN AN »n.' -«■ ■■ - .I... . i , ,. . — 55jnch

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN
WIRE FENCE

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN
LESS COST?

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices.

We have a large stock of
BARB WIRE, POULTRY
NETTING, and V CRIMP
ROOFING, and can nil orders
promptly.

STEEL FRAME LEVER
SMOOTHING HARROWS.

All sizes for one, two or
three horses.

WOOD FRAME SMOOTH-
ING HARROW for one or
two horses.

THE EVANS STEEL FRAME CORN PLANTER

with hoe discs or runners, drops accurately any desired dis-
tance. Furnished with or with-
out fertilizer attachment.

EVANS TWO ROW CHECK
OR DRILL PLANTER has pos-
itive force feed, and never misses
a hill. Send for special catalogue
and prices.

Buggies, Carriages, Harness, Robes, Steel Skein Farm Wagons, Corn Shellers, Feed Cutters,
Grain Drills, Wood Saws. All kinds of Agricultural Implements and machines. Catalogue

on application.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

35 Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

npHIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in*Virginia, in death claims
■^ alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
^nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

^tm ^THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.^—

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

.— — — 1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable reeult of giving OWENS A MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. If you wish fat and Bmooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Cowb, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS am
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT-Best on earth for Man or
Beast Large Bottle 25 eta. ; everywhere.

— OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO., Richmond, Va.

WHY PAY MORE For A Mower?

THE WALTER A WOOD Mowers, Binders, Hay Rakes, and Tedders NOT MADE
BY A TRUST. The highest type of machines made, and to be had at less price than
the ordinary machines.

Why?

Because

They pay no TRIBUTE to any-
body. The manufacturers give to
the farmer in price what other com-
panies pay to Travelling Salesmen,
Kailroadl and Hotels. Their only
trust is in the merits of the mach-
ines, known as far as civilization
reaches.

Be frank, now. If you buy
any machine this year, should
you not buy a "Wood" ma-
chine ?

Send for special catalogue
and special prices.

WALTER A. WOOD MOWING and REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier.

CAPITAL. $500,000. SURPLUS. $240,000-
RICHMOND. - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINfA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and Oeneral Manager.

Proprietors.

Vol. 65

JUNE, 1904.

No. 6.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 385

" Forage Crops for Fodder and Silage. 388

Alfalfa in the South 390

Cow Peas and Soy Beans in Corn 390

Lime as an Improver of Land 391

Some Random Notes on May Number 393

Farming as a Business 395

Soy Beans 395

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 417).. 397

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month 402

The Fruit Crop 403

Tru.-king .' 403

Tricking Notes — Pastern Virginia Near — ff) J
Sea iv*

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Fight the Cattle Tick and Enforce the Quaran-
tine Law, if You Wish to Get Rid of the

Quarantine Line 405

Red Polled Cattle 405

Polled Durham Cattle 406

Remedy for Modular Disease of Sheep 406

Remarkable Milk Record of Jersey Heifer.... 407

Do Grade Dorset Lambs Butcher Well? 407

Dorset Sheep 408

Administering Benzine or Gasoline to Sheep.. 408

Sow Eating Pigs 409

THE POULTRY YARD:

Australian Egg Laying Contest 410

Pip in Chickens 411

Remedy for Sick Turkeys 411

Best for Laying Hens 411

XHE HORSE:

Notes 412

fl I°0 no.TATrcBQ

;ous.

On What Does the Fertility of a Soil Depend?. 413

Hawks and Crows 414

The Proposed Agricultural Building at the Vir-
ginia Polytechnic Institute (Agricultural and

Mechanical College) 415

The Virginia Corn Exhibit at the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition, St. Louis. 1904 416

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

X
X
X
X

How is Your Wheat?

01^17 ("'In WnT Invested in a postal card and addressed to

=^^===== The cardwell machine com-
pany, Richmond, Virginia, will bring you circulars regarding

Gardwell's Thresher and Gleaner

They are SIMPLE, DURABLE and EASY TO WORK. __ . *;

Capacity, 200 to 1,000 bushels of wheat per day, according to size
and character of grain.

THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO., ??S^S2K j

'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx;

X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X

X

OUR $50 "KETCHER."

This name fits this

Virginia Buggy

admirably. It is a winner
wherever used.

Right up-to-the-
minute in design,
honestly and strong-
ly built, very rea-
sonable in price.

"We also build all
other styles of light
pleasure vehicles.

Write for our in-
teresting catalog.

Having now gained the

Leadership

in medium-priced work,
we propose tojgive such
values|as will keep it with

RICHMOND, BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street. Richmond, Va.

W. G. ADAMS, Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts."XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State.=-SULLV.

65th Year.

Richmond, June, 1904.

No. 6.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The cold ungenial and dry weather of which we
have had to complain for now so many months still
continues up to the date of this writing (19th May).
This condition is not peculiar to the South but more
or less affects the whole country except the Gulf
States where there is a slight excess of average tem-
perature accompanied by drouth in many places.
There is every indication that we are likely to enter
summer with a deficiency of soil moisture which,
if not carefully provided for by keeping the fields
covered with a mulch of fine soil, may result in seri-
ous damage to the crops. Those who plowed their
land in the early fall will be in a much better posi-
tion to conserve their crops than those who have only
broken the land just previous to planting. Whilst
the rainfall throughout the South has been below
the normal ever since last December yet where land
was plowed before that month there has been a con-
stant though slight accretion to its moisture content
which unplowed land has largely failed to be in a
condition to accumulate. This once more emphasizes
the importance of early fall plowing if the best
chance is to be given to the crop, for whether the win-
ter and spring be wet or dry such land will be better
fitted to take care of the crop during the growing sea-
son than land left unbroken until spring.

Crop conditions throughout the country tell un-
mistakably of a trying winter and spring. The Gov-
ernment Eeport for May says, "The available rec-
ords of the Department show for no preceding year

such uniformity of unfavorable conditions as is re-
ported this month." The condition of the winter
wheat crop is a distinctly unfavorable one. Nearly
"1,000,000 acres of the land seeded in the fall has
been abandoned and plowed up, reducing the area
left to be harvested to very little more than 27,000,-
000 acres or over 5,000,000 acres less than was har-
vested last year. The average condition of the crop
throughout the country is only 76.5 as against 92.6
last year and a ten year average of 84.2. This would
indicate in conjunction with the reduction in area
a reduction of at least 100,000,000 bushels in the
crop as compared with last year. The seeding of
spring wheat has not been a very successful one and
the condition of the crop is very variable. The win-
ter and spring oat crop of the South is likely to be
a very poor one as much of the crop of winter oats
was killed and the spring seeding has not done well
from lack of rain and constant cold weather. Corn
planting has been in progress for more than a month
in this State and the fine dry weather has enabled it
to be put into a good seed bed but germination has
been slow from the cold condition of the soil. We
;ire afraid stands will not be of the best. In sev-
eral of the Gulf States drouth is injuring the crop
materially. The stand of cotton in the more South-
ern States is not what we would like to see and much
replanting is being done. In this State the crop is
only just being planted.

Tobacco plants are reported from many sections
as being small and scarce and the crop is likely to be
a late one.

380

THE SOUTHERN PLANT Ell.

| June.

Irish potatoes have been much injured by the cold
dry weather and the early crop promises to be smaller
than usuaL Those planted later are making slow

growth, Grass and clover crops are of good color
where standing, but a great deal of last fall's seeding
was destroyed by the winter. The cold dry spring
has made the growth short and late and hay crops
generally are likely to l>e light. From the foregoing
review of crop conditions as they appear a1 this time
it will he seen that effort will be needed to supple-
menl the fall and early spring sown crorjs if an aver-
age result is to be made. The wheat crop must be
supplemented by an extra area in corn and the oat
and grass and clover crops by forage crops of various
kinds. There is yet ample time to make good all
deficiencies if only effort be at once made.

The completion of the planting of the corn crop
for grain should be hastened as much as possible.
All highland crops ought to have been planted before
the end of May, but if not already planted should
be got in before the 10th June. Where corn is plant-
ed on high land during this month we would advise
the planting of Golden Dent or Improved Learning,
two excellent varieties of yellow corn which will ma-
ture in much less time than any of the white varie-
ties. We had a splendid sample of Golden Dent
brought to our office last year which was planted on
the 4th July. The whole crop matured fully and
cured finely. On the river low grounds white varie-
ties may be planted up to the 20th of the month, hut
the sooner they are got in the better they are likely
to do and mature. The main work of the month
should be the cultivation of the crop. In our last
issue we wrote fully upon this, and to rliat issue refer
our readers. Two points should he constantly borne
in mind. Cultivate frequently and cultivate shallow
and level. If these requirements be observed the
roots of the plants will soon till all the space between
llir rows and search out all the plant food which i^

available. The corn plant is a great forager for food
and its root system a wide spreading "lie. If the
crop is not making sncli growth as is desired it may
!«■ helped by intercultura] fertilization that is in
applying fertilizer during the cultivation. For this
purpose a quick acting fertilizer should he used, one
in which (lie nitrogen is in the form of a nitrate al-
ready, like nitrate of soda, with the addition of acid
phosphate and on sandy land some potash. A good
mixture for this purpose would he 10(1 pounds of
nitrate of soda, 200 pounds of aeid phosphate ami
2."> pounds "f potash per acre. Apply this in the

middles between the rows and not (dose to the stalks
and work it in with the cultivator. The roots will
soon Hud this and it will largely help in the making
of ears rather than stalk. The practise of sowing,
cow peas in the corn crop at the last working is one
highly to he commended as tending to the constant
improvement of the land and making feed for hogs
and stock. Cow peas, however, are scarce and dear
this year and we are afraid that few will be sown, in-
deed we expect the pea crop to be vary largely cur-
tailed from this cause. We have had scores of en->>
quiries from parties wanting cow peas which we have
been unable to satisfy. Soy beans may be planted in
the place of the peas and will answer the same pur-
pose though they will not make so heavy a crop usu-
ally. A mixture of crimson clover and sapling clover
may also be sown. This will make a winter cover for
the land and much grazing during the early spring.
If the crop should make a good stand the crimson
clover can be cut off for forage or hay in May and
the sapling clover make a hay crop later in the sum-
mer. No better preparation for a good corn crop can
be made than by the growing of the leguminous crops
like cow peas soy beans and the clovers. They will
tell much better than the use of commercial fertili-
zers on the corn crop. We would urge upon corn
growers the importance of removing the tassels from
the barren stalks of the crop as soon as they appear
and before they have begun to shed their pollen. Al
lowing these stalks to pollenize in the corn crop is the
prolific cause of barren stalks. Few realize what a
loss of com is sustained from these barren stalks.
With persistent effort in removing the tassels this can
he largely obviated.

Corn for the silo should be planted this month.
Sorghum also should be planted for this purpose.
In this issue will be found an article giving informa-
tion as to the relative value of these two crops for
silage and fodder. A combination of the two crops
in the silo will make better silage than either alone
In planting for a silage crop do not plant too thickly
bul give the plant the opportunity of making a per-
fect growth and a fair proportion of ears. The
-ilage will he sweeter and not so watery and its feed
ing value will be much higher. Cow peas may with
great advantage be grown with corn and sorghum for
the silo. They should be planted alongside the corn
rows at the second working and will then grow up the
stalks and can be harvested with the corn either with
the corn harvester or by hand. The Wliippoorwill
pea is a good variety to sow for this purpose as it.

1004.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

387

keeps closer to the stalks and is not so apt as the
Black pea to reach over from row to row and thus
tangle the crop together and make it difficult to har-
vest. Soy beans intended for the silo are best grown
ns ;i separate crop from the corn and should be
mixed with the corn as filled into the silo being run
through the cutter alternately with the corn.

In our last issue we wrote very fully on the im-
portance of planting forage crops for stock feeding
and gave information as to the different crops. To
that article we refer our readers and also to an arti-
cle in this issue on the same subject.

Bring- the cotton crop to a stand as quickly as pos-
sible by chopping out the excess of plants. Much
cotton is injured in its growth and yield by allowing
the crop td grow too long before the chopping out is
done. The plants become drawn and spindling and
then when the surplus plants are chopped out they
fall uver and are several days before they recover and
acquire a sturdy and robust growth. All this is time
and vitality wasted. When once a stand has been
secured keep the cultivator running in the crop and
encourage growth. Cultivate shallow and level. At
the last cultivation sow crimson clover or sapling
clover or a mixture of the two in the crop. This
will improve the land make some food and preserve
ilir soil from washing in the winter.

The completion of the planting and the cultivation
of the tobacco crop will require attention. Cultivate
frequently until the crop is too large for the team to
get through it without damaging the leaves. Look
out for the first brood of worms and have them closely
picked off or destroyed by spraying. The practise
of spraying tobacco is now fullv established in many
sections and can be done without injury to the crop
at any rate in the early part of its growth. We
would not, however, advise spraying after the crop
gets near ripening as it might stain the leaves with

tri s of the poison and thus prejudice the sale. The

proper strength of the mixture to use for killing the
worms is one pound of Paris green to 160 gallons of
water.

The harvesting of the wheat and oat crops will
demand attention before our next issue is in the
hands of our subscribers. Do not fail to have the
reaper and binder carefullv overhauled at the first
opportunity in order that it may be seen to lie in good
working condition. See to it that you have all neces-

sary repairs ordered at once and have them fixed and
the machine ready for work. Do not let the crops
become over ripe before commencing cutting. Much
grain is wasted when the crop is over ripe and the
grain itself is never so bright and fine in appearance
as when cut just before becoming dead ripe. See
to the hands required to enable the work to proceed
quickly when once begun. Have sufficient force to
keep close up to the machine so that all cut grain may
be shocked before leaving the field. Select men as
shockers who know how to make a shock so that it will
turn rain. Poor shocking is the cause of great loss
every year. A shock can never be set up a second
time so that it will turn rain. It can be done the
first time by a man who understands his work. The
great art is to keep the centre of the shock well filled
and the sheaves all so laid as to slope outwards from
the centre so that any rain falling on it may be car-
ried outwards and not inwards. See that the shocks
are well capped.

The cutting and curing of the clover and hay crops
will need watchful care. Do not let these stand until
they have past their prime before cutting. Clover and
the hay grasses are in their prime for making into
hay just before reaching the full blooming period.
Every day the crops stand uncut after this time they
lose in nutritive value. The seed commences to form
and in perfecting its maturity absorbs from the plant
those elements upon which the nutritive value of the
hay depends. As the seed of the clover and hay crop
is not the purpose for which the crop is grown its
formation should not be encouraged but the crop be
cut when in its prime for feeding purposes, that is to
say when all the nutritive elements are in the stalk
and leaves. Let. the crop lie cut when free from rain
and dew so that it will not take so long to dry and
not run the risk of becoming bleached or fermented
by lying in the sun. Hay, whether clover or grass,
should, when cured, retain the leaves and blades and
be of a green color. This cannot be the case if the
crop after being cut is allowed to remain broadcast
exposed to the stm and wind longer than is necessary
to wilt the stalks and leaves. As soon as the clover or
grass is thoroughly wilted, but before the leaves and
blades are dry enough to fall off when handled, the
crop should lie drawn into windrow and be left in
that condition for the wind and sun to draw through it
and further reduce the watery elements in the plants
but largely protected from the scorching rays of the
sun. If rain or heavy dew threatens put up into
small cocks and let stand over night and if necessary

388

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

over the next day. Then after the dew is off the cocks
and ground on the following day, open out the cocks
and especially be careful to throw out the bottom of
the cocks which will have absorbed moisture from
the ground, and let the wind and sun dry out the hay
and thoroughly warm it If the weather be good the
bay should then be fit for putting into large cocks or
if the crop be not a heavy one be hauled to the barn.
Xothing but practical experience can accurately de-
termine whether the hay is sufficiently cured to haul
to the barn, but if all rain or dew is thoroughly dried
out of it we would rather put it away in the barn a
little undercured than overdried. In this condition it
will heat in the mow but will take no harm if not dis-
turbed, but cure out thoroughly. It will be a browner
color but will retain its nutritive character and will
smell appetising and sweet. If, however, it contains
rain or dew when stored it will mould and may burn
up from spontaneous combustion. We have known
this to occur and the whole crop to be destroyed by
fire. We have cured hundreds of tons of fine hay
but never knew a crop free from rain or dew when
stored to mould or fire. We have known it. when put
in the barn too full of the natural juices, to heat so
much as to become a very dark brown color, but it
still made good feed and was eagerly eaten by stock.
Of course this is not desirable, but it is better and
more nutritious in this condition than in the dry and
flavorless condition which is characteristic of the
overcured hay, which is common in the South where
leaves and blades are gone and nothing but woody
stalks remain. When hay is stacked out of doors
make one large stack rather than a number of small
ones. There is much less waste and a much better
product.

amy to neglect the raising of crops specially for
stock feeding. The agricultural prosperity of every
country in the world is largely measured and deter-
mined by the numbers of live stock of all kinds which
they raise and mature. A country which does not
raise live stock of every kind adapted to its climatic
conditions is certain to lack prosperity and to become
a wasted one. The example of the South itself is
proof of this. As we advance in attention to live
stock husbandry so will the South advance in pros-
perity and her lands take on their pristine fertility
and enhance it. To succeed with live stock in the
South it is essential that we should grow forage
crops both for summer and winter feeding. However
good the pastures may be in the spring and early
summer there comes every year a time in late sum-
mer when the heat of the sun and a dry spell burns
ii]) the grass and stock suffer for want of feed. A
Held of sorghum, or cow peas and sorghum, or of fod-
j der corn is then a god send to the farmer who has it.

FORAGE CROPS FOR FODDER AND SILAGE.

In our last issue we published articles emphasizing
the importance of growing forage crops of all the
various kinds which we can so easily and profitably
produce in the South. The weather we have had
since those articles were written, and indeed ever
since the year commenced has only served to make
more necessary the advice we then gave. Abnormally
dry and cold weather is cutting short the hay and
clover crops and making the prospects for good wheat
and oat crops look gloomy. "Long" feed for stock is
likely therefore to be scarce and every farmer should
see to it that a vigorous effort is made to meet this
contingency whilst there is time to do so. Even in
the best of years it is not sound practise or wise econ-

Instead of losing weight and shrinking in milk they
will go on improving or at least maintain their posi-
tion, and the pastures will be given an opportunity
to recuperate and become capable of carrying a full
head of stock up to the close of the grazing season.
For winter feeding these crops when properly har-
vested and saved provide a variety of feed which is
in itself almost as important in the well doing of the
;mimal as a sufficiency. They enable a ration to be
so balanced as to be an improving one without re-N
course to the corn crib, the miller, and the cotton seed
mills or only require small help from these adjuncts.
In our last issue we considered the value of the dif-
ferent forage crops as feeds and to this we refer our
readers. We now want to say a word as to the rela-
tive value of these crops when harvested and saved
in different ways. This point is well illustrated by
experiments made at the Tennessee Experiment Sta-
tion. Professor Soule writing on these in the
Breeders Gazette says:

"Part of the sorghum grown on a piece of land was
made into silage and part of it shocked and utilized
as fodder the same method being pursued with corn
for silage and stover. The cost of harvesting a silage
crop from sorghum was $12.83 and shocking the sor-
ghum $0.12. The cost of fertilization plowing and
seeding would of course be the same. The total cost
of putting up 1!).8 tons of sorghum silage per acre
tree $32.65 or $1.15 per ton. The total cost of shock-
ing 7.10 tons of sorghum fodder per acre was $18.94
or $2.64 per ton. The sorghum silage was ready for
immediate use as food while the shocked sorghum

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

389

had still to be cut up in order to get it into the best
condition for feeding.

"On the basis of the experiments made at the sta-
tion with beef cattle 19.8 tons of silage when fed with
four pounds of meal per head per day would have
been sufficient to maintain seven beef cattle 150
days. The experimental cattle gained 222 povmds
per head in the time indicated, making 1,554 pounds
of gain. The sorghum fodder when fed with the
same grain ration would have been sufficient to feed
5 1-2 animals for 150 days. The cattle on sorghum
fodder and a grain ration made 173 pounds of gain,
so that 5 1-2 animals would make 951 pounds of gain,
in 150 days, a difference of 593 pounds in favor of
the sorghum silage.

"Corn silage cost a good deal more than sorghum
silage and the writer is inclined to believe that there
is little to choose between the feeding value of the
two for either beef or dairy cattle. Corn does not
yield bo well for either silage or fodder purposes as
sorghum. It cost $6.17 to harvest the corn and put
it in the silo, the total cost per acre being $17.11.
It cost $1.73 to harvest the stover with a total cost
of $4.38 per acre. The corn when cut in the silo
yielded 8.3 tons of silage; when the ears were
stripped off and the stalks cured as stover, 1.5 tons.
The cost of a ton of corn silage was $2.06 and a ton
of corn stover $2.92. Supposing the silage from corn
and sorghum to be equal in feding value, 8.3 tons
of corn silage would be sufficient to feed three steers
for 150 days. If the steers gained 222 pounds of
beef in that time, corn silage would make 666 pounds
of beef per acre when fed with a suitable meal ra-
tion. Of stover 1.5 tons would do but little more
than supply the roughness necessary for one steer
when gaining 145 pounds with suitable meal ad-
juncts. The difference in favor of the silage would
thus be about 521 pounds per acre or nearly the same
difference as is shown from making the sorghum into
silage and into fodder.

"These' facts should lead the farmer carefully to
consider the relative feeding value of these two food
stuffs in a dry and succulent form, particularly for
beef production. Corn stover has been made on the
farm from three different varieties of corn. Cocke's
Prolific and Hickory King have produced stover at
the least cost per ton, $2.92. The average yield ob-
tained has been 1.81 tons. From 1.5 to two tons will
be the yield generally obtained from corn stover and
the cost on the average will be .close to $3 to $3.50
per ton.

"Two varieties of sorghum have been made into

dry feed, False Red Head and the genuine Red
Head. The principal difference in the cost was due
to the great variation in yield. One can probably
expect to obtain about five tons of sorghum fodder
per acre and the average cost will vary from $3.50
to $4.

"These facts seem to warrant the statement that
silage can be produced at a reasonable cost from
either sorghum or corn; that it is a hard matter to
obtain a large enough per cent, of peas to influence
the composition of the silage to any material extent;
that a combination of corn and sorghum can be
effected which will increase the yield of the total
crop and probably make a more desirable form of
silage than where one crop is used alone. It also
seems clear that silage is peculiarly valuable in the
South because of the large yields that can be ob-
tained. These results would indicate that it is more
desirable to put the crop in the silo than attempt
to cure it in the form of dry fodder because of the
greater palatability of the silage. It also seems that
a crop made into silage has a much greater carrying
capacity per acre than when made into dry feed
and there is little to choose between the two methods
so far as cost is concerned. Owing to a warm cli-
mate and a heavy annual precipitation the loss of
feeding nutrients through long curing periods in the
field is undoubtedly greater than in some other sec-
tions. These investigations demonstrate the im-
portance of utilizing silage on a more extensive scale
for the feeding of farm animals in the future than
has been done in the past."

The results go to show the great value of sorghum
as a feed crop and the importance of providing a silo
for the saving of forage crops. In our next issue we
will have more to say on the silo question. In con-
nection with this question of growing forage crops
we are often asked what area should be planted to
provide feed for a given number of cattle. An ex-
periment made recently at the Pennsylvania Experi-
ment Station affords information on this subject.
There nine different kinds of forage crops were
grown for comparison of yield ,and their effect on the
yield of milk and butter. These crops were clover
and timothy, flat peas, Canada field peas and oats
grown together, rape, soy beans, sorghum, sorghum
and cow peas sown together, cow peas and field corn.
These crops furnished a succession of green forage
from June 15 to September 23. The yield of the
clover and timothy was 6,872 pounds per acre of
green feed, of the flat peas 15,588 pounds per acre of
green feed, of the peas and oats 18,190 pounds per

390

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

acre of green feed, of the rape 24,960 pounds per
acre of green feed, of the soy beans 9,934 pounds
per acre of green feed, of the sorghum 27,279 pounds
per acre of green feed, of the sorghum and cow peas
29,563 pounds per acre of green feed, and of the
cow peas 18,095 pounds per acre of green feed. The
crops were cut and fed in succession to a selected
number of cows, each being given daily what she
would eat up clean and about 9 pounds daily in addi-
tion if a mixed grain ration. At the rate at which
the cows ate the forage and the yield per acre of the
different crops the following table shows the num-
ber of days which one acre of each would feed 10
cows:

Days.

Clover and timothy 16

Flat peas 36

Peas and oats 27

Rape 37

Soja beans 17

Sorghum 35

Sorghum and cow peas 34

Cow peas 21

Field Corn 16

ALFALFA IN THE SOUTH.

In order to stimulate interest in the growing of
alfalfa in the South it is our intention to devote a
considerable part of the space in our July issue tc
this crop. August and September are the best month?
in the year for seeding the crop in this section and
we desire that our readers shall be put into posses-
sion of the fullest information on the subject before
that time. We would ask all who have had any ex-
perience in growing alfalfa to give us the benefit of
their knowledge on the subject by writing us short
articles for publication in that issue. We believe
that alfalfa promises as much, or more, for the South
as it has done for the West, and this means millions
for our farmers. We desire to hasten the time when
this shall be realized by giving .-ill the help in our
power on the Bubject.

COW PEAS AND SOY BEANS SOWN IN CORN.
Editor Southern Planter:

I have grown cow peas with great success for a
number of years in a State further South and I
learn that this crop is grown successfully in States
further North than Virginia. It seems, therefore,
reasonable to think more farmers could grow this crop

profitably in Virginia, but in Southwest Virginia
especially the cow pea is seldom seen growing.

We do nor know the best way to grow this impor-
tant soil improving crop here. We do not know the
lirst varieties for our Boils, nor do we know the crop
will grow well on our lime stone soil without the soil
being inoculated with cow pea bacteria, nor do we
know whether we can grow a good crop of peas on
the soil without losing a crop from the soil. The re-
sults of an experiment made last year may be worth
something to farmers now since much corn will have
been cultivated the last time before another issue of
the Planter comes out.

On July 11th last year I sowed Whippoorwill
cow peas and soy beans in my corn just ahead of the
cultivators. The ground was in fine condition and
the cultivators put the seed in nicely. Good seed
were obtained of T. W. Wood & Sons for experimen-
tal purposes.

The date mentioned was very late to sow the seed
and I had serious doubt about the success of the
crops. On the following 12th of October the land
was again plowed and seeded to wheat. My peas
made a growth of 12 to 18 inches high, which I
thought good for the cool, dry season. The soy
beans did no good whatever. They started off very
poorly. The weather seemed entirely too cool for
them. The root tubercles were very few, only one
or two on each vine of the peas. Perhaps there
would have been more if seed had been sown earlier.
No peas had ever been grown on the land before.

Now ( May 18th) the wheat that is growing where
the peas were, is rank, and has a rich black color,
showing the presence of nitrogen.

I Ixdieve the crop was profitable, sown even that
late, hence I am thinking of sowing more this year in
June just before my corn is cultivated the last time.
I have heard of instances where parties grew peas
with corn each year, and each successive crop of corn
was larger than the preceding one. That was profit-
aide farming since larger crops of corn showed in-
creased fertility of the soil. No bill for expensive
fertilizer bad to be paid. If we can grow peas on
our corn land successfully to enrich the soil for the
following crop of wheat and save that heavy cost of
commercial fertilizers for wheat, it would mean a
great savin- to Virginia farmers. This "fertilizer
business" is getting to be a costly one. Let us see if
we can make more of our fertilizers on the farm,
first by growing the. legumes, such as clovers, beans
and peas, and second by saving all manures on the
farm. Sow more grass seed and keep more stock. I

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

391

have some experiments under way now with grasses
the results of which I want to publish in the Plant-
ee. R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Va.

We are of opinion that both cow peas and soy beans
can be successfully grown in Southwest Virginia, ex-
cept possibly on the highest elevations of the moun-
tain?. They can certainly be grown in the valleys.
Both these plants are semi tropical products and ele-
vation has as much to do with their growing in sec-
tions out of their original habitat as latitude. Ex-
perience has shown that they can both become accli-
mated to northern latitudes and high elevations. They
can neither of them, however, be grown successfully
until the soil is inoculated with the proper bacteria
peculiar to each. That these bacteria can be success-
fully inoculated into the soil of Southwest Virginia
we have no doubt. A limestone soil is peculiarly
fitted for the propagation of the bacteria. Writing
on this subject in a recent Bulletin Prof. Cyril Hop-
kins, of the Illinois Station, who is doing a great
work in introducing the leguminous crops into Illi-
nois, says : "Plants cannot use the free nitrogen of
the air as plant food, neither can they use the organic
compounds of nitrogen which occur in the soil. There
are at least three different kinds of bacteria and also
three different steps or stages involved in the process
of nitrification, the nitrogen being changed from the
organic compounds first into the ammonia form
second into the nitrite form and third into the nitrate
form. During the process the nitrogen is separated
from the carbon and other elements composing the
insoluble organic matter and is united or combined
with oxygen and some alkaline element (as calcium)
to form the soluble nitrate, such as calcium nitrate
which is one of the most suitable compounds of nitro-
gen for plant food. Calcium is the alkaline element
contained in lime or limestone. * * * If no
alkaline element is present in available form then no
nitrates can be made in the soil. One of the reasons
for applying ground limestone to soils which are de-
ficient in lime is to furnish the element calcium in
suitable form for the formation of nitrates in the pro-
cess of nitrification." In Illinois as in Southwest
Virginia neither cow peas nor soy beans have been
generally grown, but Prof. Hopkins has demonstrated
that they can be successfully grown there when the
soil has been inoculated with the proper bacteria. He
says that cow peas will themselves introduce the bac-
teria for plant as the seed usually carries the infec-
tion. The first crop will not have many tubercles
on the roots nor be a very heavy crop but succeeding

crops will carry a full crop of tubercles and be lux-
uriant in proper seasons. For soy beans he advises
inoculation of the soil with the soy bean bacteria as
the seed carries little if any of the infection. In ex-
periments made with soy beans at Urbana, 111., no
tubercles were found on the roots of the crops for two
years and only very few in the third year when the
soil had not been inoculated. After the soil had been
inoculated with infected soil tubercles were at once
formed and the crop became a success. Erom these
and other similar experiments it is concluded that as
a rule soy beans should be inoculated when they are
first seeded and then they should be grown a second
year upon the same land. If soy beans are after-
wards grown on this land once in every three or four
years the soil will doubtless remain well infected
with the soy bean bacteria. We commend this ad-
vice to our Southwestern friends. They can have
both cow peas and soy beans and they are both too
valuable crops to be dispensed with as improvers of
the land and economisers of purchased fertilizers to
do without. — Ed.

LIME AS AN IMPROVER OF LAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

I notice in the May number of your valuable paper
the remarks on my article on lime as an improver of
soils. I feel it my duty to you and the many readers
of your much esteemed paper to reply to some of the
comments made.

.My article was not prepared alone from my indi-
vidual experience but largely from observations cov-
ering a wide field and taking in almost all prevail-
ing conditions. I was born and raised in the west-
ern part of Maryland. In the Cumberland Valley
when a boy back in 1866 and 1867 I frequently went
to Washington city. In doing so I passed through
Montgomery county, which runs up to the District
of Columbia. This county lies east of the Blue Ridge
and its lands are of about the same nature as those
of Appomattox, Charlotte and Buckingham counties,
in Virginia. At the time above mentioned the same
conditions prevailed there as now in the last named
counties. There were galls and gullies. The rotation
of crops was corn, tobacco and pines the prevailing
crop of grass was broom sedge. A few years after
the war Pennsylvania farmers began to purchase this
land at from five to fifteen dollars per acre. In the
course of a few years they had bought up the larger
part of the county. They adopted a system of lim-
ing. They had to.have their lime shipped from 40 to

392

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

70 miles. So extensive was the shipment of lime
that the B. & 0. R. R. was compelled to construct
boiler iron box cars. They first, as you suggest, tried
to ship unslaked lime in bulk in wooden cars. After
having a number of them destroyed by fire from the
lime slaking they adopted the boiler iron cars. I don't
know whether there is a railroad in the State of Vir-
ginia that would undertake to ship unslaked lime in
bulk and to have it barreled would be too expensive.
But to my subject. Montgomery county, Md., to-day
and for 25 years has been one of the most productive
counties in the State of Maryland. When you travel
through it now it rivals the best glue grass regions of
Kentucky. Blue grass has taken the place of broom-
sedge. Clover and timothy has replaced the scrub
pines, fine bank barns stand where the old log stable
used to stand. Instead of starvation staring you in
the face plenty and prosperity is seen on every hand.

The conditions under which this country was trans-
formed from a poverty stricken waste to a prosperous
and productive country were not such as prevail in
the South to-day. Those people never heard of acid
phosphate and never saw cow peas. They used noth-
ing but lime and barnyard manure. They depended
upon the lime to draw the potash from the sand in the
soil and the phosphorus from the oxide of iron of
which all of our land has an abundance.

Shifting the scene to different conditions of soil.
There is a large tract of country lying between Bal-
timore, Md., and Wilmington, Del., that 40 years
ago was entirely worthless. It was a low, wet.
swampy country just such land as is to be found
around Newport News, and much of the coast region
of Virginia. By the use of lime and proper drain-
age this land to-day is producing from one and a half
to two tons of the best timothy hay to the acre that
goes on the Baltimore market. This, sir, is not the
ory. With fifteen years of such experience and ob-
servation as but few men have had in a canvas from
house to house for ten years on every farm on which
grain or grass was grown over all the Middle States.
from Georgia to Western New York, that one could
possibly reach, I think I have a fair idea of what re-
sults must follow the judicious treatment of any soil
that has come under my observation in Eastern Vir
ginia.

I have seen soils treated with from ten to two hun-
dred bushels of lime per acre, but I have failed to see
a piece of land over-limed yet. The idea of over lim-
ing only originates in men's imagination.

That lime is not a direct plant food I admit to a
very great extent, but that it renders plant food avail-

able in the mineral substances that compose all soils
and is nature's great plan for supplying food for
vegetation is a fact based on natural law. You must
admit that sandy soils are rich in potash and that
lime will dissolve this sand and allow it to give up
its potash as a plant food. It is no less a fact that red
clay soils are rich in phosphorus. Lime will act so
as to render the phosphorous available as a plant
food. The moment these elements are rendered avail-
able instead of diminishing the humus in the soil
they commence to store up in the soil for future
use all that the plant does not require for its growth
and development. The greatest destroyer of humus
in our soils is sulphuric acid used in dissolving the
South Carolina rock, the source of most of our acid
phosphate. Manufacturers claim it is all neutralized
but the claim is not a correct one. This acid has de-
stroyed more humus in the soils of East Virginia
than all other agents combined. Its greatest destruc-
tion takes place in soils poor in alkali. Those rich
in alkali will neutralize this acid before it can do
so much damage. The man who spends his money for
acid phosphates to apply on lands that are poor in
alkali adds fuel to the fire and is rendering himself
and his land poorer every application he makes. The
same is true of the man who turns under a crop of
cow peas or any other vegetation in a green state.

Method in doing work is the direct result of
thought on the same principal as method in hitting
the mark results from shooting straight. The man
who stands off and gives directions is not as likely
to hit the mark as the fellow who holds the gun,
neither is the man so competent to advise on the best
method of applying lime to land who has never tried
it himself as the man at the end of the shovel.

Bedford Co., Va. Otho Hull.

Whilst we rank ourselves as amongst the most
enthusiastic advocates of the use of lime as an im-
prover of the soil and have proved our faith by our
works by having been persistent users of lime even to
the extent of applying it at the rate of four or five
tons to the acre once in each rotation of crops, yet
we are unable to agree with our correspondent that
ovetrliming is practically impossible. Recent re-
search and experiments have conclusively in our
opinion proved that moderate applications of lime,
say up to 50 bushels to the acre applied every three
or four years, are more beneficial and perform all
the work needed in the amelioration of the soil better
than excessive applications. The beneficial action of
lime is not exclusively confined to its power to make
available the potash and phosphates in the soil. It

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

393

acts also as a restorer of alkalinity in the soil and in
this way permits of the multiplication of the soil
microbes on the action of which largely depends the
fertility of land. These cannot exist or multiply in
an acid soil. It also acts mechanically and physi-
cally rendering a heavy soil lighter and a light soil
more cohesive. Whilst we believe that lime is more
needed on nearly all the land of the South than even
acid phosphate or any other fertilizer as all the anal-
yses of soils made go to show a large accumulation of
both phosphoric acid and potash in nearly all soils
greatly in excess of crop requirements for years to
come if made available, yet we cannot join in our
correspondent's condemnation of the use of acid phos-
phate because of the fact that sulphuric acid is used
in the making of it. We believe that little if any
injury results from the acid. When the acid is
poured on the ground rock and mixed with it the
phosphoric acid in the rock is set free and the lime
the other element in the rock unites with the acid
and becomes sulphate of lime exactly the same sub-
stance which is sold as land plaster and is applied in
large quantities and with excellent effect on some
lands. Rock or shell lime is chemically carbonate
of lime. Plaster is sulphate of lime, and they both
are valuable as sweeteners of the soil and as solvents
of inert plant food. If in the acid phosphate applied
to land there is any free acid, that is to say if the
fertilizer manufacturer has wasted sulphuric acid by
applying to the rock more acid than the lime will ap-
propriate in its conversion into sulphate of lime this
free acid has such an affinity for combination that as
soon as it gets into the soil it unites with some min-
eral base therein and becomes fixed and does not burn
up the humus or vegetable matter in the soil.
Hence the use of acid phosphate is never attended
with danger to the crop though it may in some cases
amount to a waste of material and lime might much
more profitably be applied to set free the abundance
of phosphoric acid existing in the soil. We are also
not able to agree with our correspondent's views as
to the relative richness of potash in sandy and clay
soils. Analysis goes to show that clay soils are as
a rule much richer in potash than sandy soils and
especially is this true of the clay soils of the Pied-
mont sections of the Southern States. Clay soils are
a product of the decomposition of silicates and con-
tain alkalis and alumina. Lime combines with the
silicic acid and sets free the potash. This action,
of course, takes place in all soils whether sandy or
clay and the relative benefit from its use depends to
a considerable extent upon the natural potash and

phosphate content of the soil, though not solely con-
fined to this action as above pointed out. If we can
only induce Southern farmers to use lime freely
and to grow humus making crops there is no do\ibt
but that our lands will improve as fast as those of
Maryland and Delaware did under similar treatment.
We note that one of the largest and most successful
corn growers in Pennsylvania, Mr. Long, of Lebanon
county, is one of the most extensive lime users in
the State, although his farm is on a limestone for-
mation. Every acre of his 500-acre farm has had at
least 1000 bushels slaked lime applied to it during
the past 20 years. Lime is applied to grass lands
with a manure spreader, any time after wheat har-
vest up to April 1. All the lime used is burned on
the farm. The limestone is picked up from the
fields.- — Ed.

SOME RANDOM NOTES ON MAY NUMBER.

Editor Southern Planter:

One of your subscribers, referring to my letter in
your May number, says that he likes the way I
write. I am always glad to know that people ap-
prove of what I contribute, and hope that any sugges-
tions I may make will be of value to many.

SORGHUM AS A FORAGE CROP.

One of the greatest values of sorghum as a forage
crop comes from the ease with which it may be kept
all winter. It is especially valuable to those who
are short of house room, for while it never really
cures in the same way that Indian corn does, it can be
shocked up in an upright shape out of doors, and will
keep in a succulent state all winter through, and will
be a very acceptable addition to the feed on account
of its not curing, but keeping in a sweet and succu-
lent state. Still to those who have a silo I cannot
think that sorghum has a special value, since it is
merely a carbonaceous feed, and we need more pro-
tein feeds to supplement the corn, which is the great-
est of all carbonaceous feed materials in this coun-
try. And not only this, but we need the legumes
rather than crops that are exhaustive in their nature.

COW PEAS AS A HAY CROP.

The Arkansas Station is evidently under local
conditions that do not prevail to the same extent in
lower altitudes in the same latitude, for they say
that the Unknown or Wonderful pea failed to ma-
ture or even to bloom. Hence, while their conclu-
sions may be all right as based on their conditions,
they do not agree with my experience. They say
that cow peas in a vigorous state of growth are hard

394

THE S( >UTHERX PLANTER.

[June,

to cure. I have cut them at all _ ad have

never had any difficulty in curing them at any stage
of growth. But it is true that the best time to cure
them is when mature to the extent of the pod- turn-
ing yellow. At that time some here succeed in
curing them by shocking as fast as cut and letting
them cure in the shock perfectly. I prefer my own
method as making less damaged hay or at least hay
of a better color. They say that late, shallow culture
prolongs the season of growth. True, but if the
crop is for hay, it should never be cultivated, but be
sown broadcast T have tried the row and cultivat-
ing plan and got a heavy growth, but the vines
tumbled across the rows flat on the ground, and the
mower failed to get them so that we had to go through
with hand scythes and cut them loose from the rows.
Therefore, if for hay, I would never put them in
row-. Here, if the crop js left till one-third of the

re perfectly ripe there will 1«? a greai
leaves, for they begin to drop as soon as the pods
ripen. The very late varieties arc harder to cure
than the earlier ones, since the weather late in the

I- apt not to be so favorable and the hay must
be left out longer. They say that varieties produc-
ing the heaviest crop of peas are most easily cured
jnto hay. while thocp producing a few peas Or none
at all. were the most difficult to cure, since thev ha-
bitually continue in vigorous growth until checked
by fro^t. This may be true under the conditions up
at Fayetteville. But the earlier ones which make
a heavy crop jn proportion to growth make a smaller
yield of hay than those like the Unknown ( Wonder-
ful), which, where they mature, will make a very
heavy crop of peas and a far heavier crop of hay
than the earlier sorts that make le«s vine. Cow
peas must he of such sorts as are adapted to the
climatic conditions where they are grown. Where
tli'- summer is long enough there i- no variety that
will surpass the Unknown I Wonderful') in vield.
and where it fail< to mature or even to bloom, a- it
did at Fayetteville. it should not he used.
SAWDUST.

Ts it not odd how often that query about sawdust
as a manure comes up? T should suppose that a
little thought on the part of any one in regard to the
nature of sawdust would 3ettle the matter, but week-
after week the same query conies from people who
have a big pile of sawdust handy. T have found it a

] '' thing when used a- an absorbent for manure,

and have compared it with manure in which other
absorbents were used, and T would hardly haul saw-
dust manure as a gift.

SALT. SULPHUR AND LIME MIXTURE.

The best thing in connection with this is the dis-
covery that it is just as effective if the sulphur and
lime are slaked together, iO pounds of lime and 20
pounds of sulphur, with 16 pounds of salt added
after slaking, and then diluted with 60 gallons of
water and used at once as though boiled, as most of
the Entomologists insist is needed. There is no
longer any need for the troublesome and tedious
boiling, for the lime will make all the heat needed in
its slaking.

GINSENG.

Doubtless there is money in ginseng to those who
_ i in selling plants and seed to those who
expect to make money in the maturing of the roots,
but whether there will be money in it to those I think
is doubtful. Certainly not in ibe warmer parts of
the South away from the mountain country where it
naturally.

TOBACCO FERTILIZER.

Your Dinwiddle county correspondent says that
; a fertilizer containing 2 per cent, nitrogen,
9 per cent, phosphoric acid and 2 per cent, potash.
Being a manufactured article, there is no knowing
what the source of the potash was. and in my opinion
from considerable experience in fertilizing tobacco,
he bad too much phosphoric acid and far too little
potash in the mixture. One reason why some fail
in growing tobacco after a legume crop is that they
overlook the fact that the legumes have left a large
amount of organic nitrogen in the soil, and apply the
usual amount in the fertilizer and get a coarse to-
bacco. I would never use more than 6 per cent, of
phosphoric acid nor less than 10 per cent of potash
from high grade sulphate for tobacco. If after a
legume crop 2 per cent, of nitrogen will be enough,
but if not. then nitrogen in the form of dried blood
and nitrate of soda should be added.

NAVV BEANS.

You are right in saying that the crop can be
grown in the South, but they will never be as profit-
able here as in the North, because of the large per-
centage of damaged beans from the great humidity
in our atmosphere in our July and August weather.
The little bush Limns can. however, be made a
profitable crop here I ltelieve.

VELVET BEANS.

Down in the southeast corner of this State they
claim that the great mass of the velvet bean is easier
saved and easier cured than cow peas. It is hard for
me to realize this, however. But they are planted so

wide apart that there are fewer attachments to the

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

395

soil and the mass is more easily loosened and rolled
into windrows. But from here northward there is
Little value in the velvet bean.

HOLSTEINS AND JERSEYS.

Though it has been years since I was actively en-
gaged in dairy work my experience is similar to what
Mr. St. Pierre suggests. I had both breeds, and I
found that I could get better results from the same
amount of food fed to Jerseys than I could from
Holsteins. Just now there is a disposition to boom
the Holstein as a dual purpose animal just as though
mere size was all that is needed to make a beef
animal. If the Holstein is bred, as she should be, to
a perfect dairy type she cannot be at the same time
a good beef animal, and no breed on earth can be at
the same time the best for dairy and the best, for beef.
The Holstein breeders had better be satisfied with
making a fine dairy producer and let the beef men
breed the beef animals. There are doubtless dual
purpose animals, but they are not first class in either
purpose, only part dairy and part beef, and they
suit only those who are neither dairy men nor beef
men, but are satisfied with an " 'arf and 'arf" cow.

W. F. Massey,
Editor of Practical Farmer.

FARMING AS A BUSINESS.

Editor Southern Planter:

In answer to "Virginian," permit me to say that I
am following exactly the course advocated in my arti-
cle on "Farming as a Business." I am doing this
not on sand, but on lands with a good clay foundation.

I have also tried harvesting the pea crop as sug-
gested by "Virginian." I had 35 acres of cow peas
last year that would have yielded about 3 tons of hay
per acre. Tried to mow the mass of tangled vines,
standing nearly four feet high, and so thick that I
could hardly walk through. The wheels and blades
of the mower sank so deep into the soil, made mellow
by tne luxurious vegetation, that the machine would
not work. Tried every way known to me, hired even
men with blades, and had to give it up.

"Virginian" is correct in saying that peas do not
require lime, yet if untreated rock lime is to be used
on the land, I prefer to spread part in the spring for
the winter crop. If "Virginian" should ever use
acid phosphate or potash on any crop he would de-
stroy every bit of vegetation. He probably means
use "phosphorus and potassium," which are very dif-
ferent articles. For information as to their use, I
refer to my previous article. As to cost of lime, I

beg to refer "Virginian" to an article by Mr. Otho
Hull in the April issue of the Southern Planter.
As to keeping a lot of stock as a means of improving
the farm, I bee- to submit that I have tried this also,
and the lesson has cost me a good many thousand dol-
lars. I repeat, don't do it. Improve your farm,
plant as many acres as you can to alfalfa and grass
for hay and lay down your pasture to tame grass be-
fore attempting to keep more stock than absolutely
necessary. Broom straw and Bermuda pastures in
this State are late in coming and early in quitting.
Don't go into the live stock business until your farm
produces an abundance of feed for it. Don't put the
cart before the horse.

It is of no use to try to improve a farm by poor
crops of peas yielding perhaps a ton of dry matter
to the acre. It is better to sow fewer acres to peas
and fertilize these heavier. If you have a way of
harvesting the pea hay^ and if you find that the cost
of harvesting, feeding and of hauling and spreading
the manure is no greater than the profit, by all means
do so. It is an easy matter to figure the cost. But
hear in mind that pea hay is not easily cured, that it
spoils readily, that if you have a fair crop it is ex-
tremely difficult to cut and to handle. It costs money
also to haul and spread such quantities of manure.
Theoretically, it is correct to feed the crop. In prac-
tice, I have foimd it cheaper to plow the peas under.
Beware also of depending too much upon your pea
hay to feed your stock, because of the difficulty of
properly curing it.

The great inducement for men to buy run down
lands in the South has been and still is the erroneous
belief that they are getting something cheap. Had
they considered that the value of land consists only
in its productiveness and fertility many disappoint-
ments would have been avoided. Land yielding 50
bushels of corn or from 3 to 4 tons of hay in Vir-
ginia will yield higher profit than Western lands
equally productive because of the higher market
price of the products. If lands here can be made to
yield such crops, and I know that it can be done, the
quicker it is done the better. Time is money. If
the work can be done in two years, it is poor business
to waste a lifetime at it. r7.

Hanover Co., Va.

SOY BEANS.

F.ditor Southern Planter:

The soy bean is one of the richest, if not the rich-
est, of all the beans in fat and flesh forming matter.

396

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

Not like cow peas, rich in protein and poor in fat, or
corn rich in fat and poor in protein, but rich all
around as we want it, especially for milch cows and
growing stock.

Bulletin 58, page 14, Department of Agriculture,
says : Soy beans contain almost 2 1-2 times as much
digestible protein and over 5 times as much fat as
common roller process wheat bran.

They contain three times as much crude protein
and nearly 3 1-2 times as much fat as oats. Nearly
3 1-2 times as much protein and about 3 times as
much fat as corn.

Soy beans resist drouth and water damage and are
consequently, under ordinary circumstances, surer to
succeed than most other crops.

The following table of comparative values will
throw light on the subject:
Soy beans cut and cured for hay contain :

Protein, 15.4 per cent, (flesh and muscle forming
matter) ; carbohydrates, 38.6 per cent, (fat and heat
producing matter) ; fat, 1.5 per cent.

Threshed seeds contain: Per cent.

Protein 34.09

Carbohydrates 28.08

Fat 16.09

Cow peas cut and cured for hay contain : Per cent.

Protein 16.6

Carbohydrates 42.

Fat 1.5

Threshed seeds contain: Per cent.

Protein 28.8

Carbohydrates 55.

Fat 1.7

Authorities differ as to the contents of soy beans
and cow peas. One authority places the protein in
cow peas at 20.2 per cent. The above may be consid-
ered a fair average. The yield of soy beans is another
thing in their favor. At the North Carolina Experi-
ment Station an acre produced 2 1-2 tons of well
cured soy bean hay, while an acre of cow peas, under
similar conditions, produced less than a ton.

The soy bean is a legume and draws its nitrogen
principally from the air. Hence the large yield
makes it one of the best crops to be turned down for
improving the soil.

100 BUSHELS PEE ACEE.

Mr. James Bellwood, of Virginia, reports that he
grew on rich bottom land over 100 bushels of soy
beans per acre.

SOY BEANS AS A BALANCE.

At the Kansas Experiment Station one part soy

beans and five parts Kaffir corn mixed made double
the amount of pork over Kaffir corn alone.

One part soy beans to three parts of corn will large-
ly increase the feeding value of the corn.

If soy bean hay be mixed with corn fodder, shred-
ded corn stalks or timothy hay, half and half, a great
saving will be effected over feeding the different foods
separately. There appear to be at least three varie-
ties of the soy bean — the Early Yellow, the Medium
Green and Mammoth. The Medium Green is a good
all round variety, but at the Kansas Experiment Sta-
tion the Early Yellow gave the best satisfaction.

TIME AND METHOD OF PLANTING.

For hay soy beans may be planted in drills 2 1-2 to
3 leet apart as early in the season as the weather will
nomit of, say, about the 15th of May. Single seeds
may be dropped in the drills from 1 to 3 inches apart.

Cut while in bloom or soon after the pods form.

A mixture of soy beans and Kaffir corn, 3 to 5 seeds
of each per foot, makes an excellent hay. If planted
early the hay harvest will come off about the loth of
August, when we are apt to have fine weather for
curing.

For seed they may be planted in drills 3 feet apart
from May 15th to July 10th. Single plants may be
left in the drills 12 to 18 inches apart. The soy bean
is a bushy, upright plant from 3 to 5 feet high and
requires distance. Late beans, to mature a little be-
fore frost, are not apt to be molested by weevils.

The large percentage of fat in soy beans is apt to
cause them to heat in bulk, thus destroying their vital-
ity. Therefore they should remain in the hull until
thoroughly cured.

Whether soy beans be grown for hay or seed, culti-
vation is desirable. If soy beans be used for human
food, they should be soaked in water and the hulls re-
moved ; thus treated they make an excellent soup. In
their natural state they appear to be too strong.

The ranker the growth, the more nitrogen will be
drawn from the air. Therefore it pays to fertilize
liberally.

FERTILIZER FOR SOY BEANS.

Mix 400 pounds of muriate of potash with 1,600
pounds of acid phosphate, and apply of the mixture
in the drills, preferably a few weeks before seeding,
400 to 600 pounds per acre, mix with the soil and
plant as aforesaid. Bryon Tyson.

Moore Co., N. C.

In our experience soy beans should not be planted
in this State later than 20th June to make a good
seed crop. They are slow to mature. Planted up to
July 10th they will make a hay crop. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

397

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Rotation of Crops.

I read with great interest the enquiry from Dr. T.
T. Arnold, of King George county, on "Rotation of
Crops," and your reply thereto. As you made him
many good suggestions, I will give you my rotation
and wish you would treat me likewise.

First year, corn land in wheat, after wheat is
threshed "(usually by the 20th of June) sow in peas,
cut peas for hay (after picking) and sow this stubble
in red clover and red top after a thorough disc har-
rowing and rolling. Second year, mow red clover
and plow after mowing and sow in peas. Cut peas
and sow German clover. Third year, fallow German
clover in and use 300 pounds per acre of 12-2 fertil-
izer for corn.

I have been trying this rotation for about eight
years and my land is improving very fast, with but
little cost. You will see I only cut the red clover
once, as our land is a light loam, and if I were to leave
the red clover until the second year it would be more
broom straw than clover, and the peas will make me
far more hay than the second cutting of clover. I
:im glad to say my farm is not a large one, therefore,
for greater convenience I have it cut up into lots rang-
ing from five to eight acres (except standing pasture).
I have learned from experience that large fields are a
disadvantage now that labor is so scarce and inferior.
I plow a little deeper each time. I have not tried sub-
soiling, but will when I turn down my German clover
for corn. T might add I put all my manure on the
German clover and try to cover one of these lots every
winter, hauling it right from the stables,

Richmond Co.. Va. W. Gray Brockenbrough.

You have adopted a rotation which is bound to im-
prove your land and result in good crops. The only
suggestion we would make is that you give the land
a dressing of lime, say 25 to 50 bushels to the acre
once in the rotation. We would apply this after plow-
ing the pea stubble and before seeding the German
clover. We think yon will find subsoiling to help
von. — Ed.

Curing Clover Hay.

In enclose you an article clipped from the Farm
Journal, of Philadelphia, entitled, "The experience
of a veteran with clover hay." I learned fifty-three
years ago to cut clover when in bloom. Cut in the
forenoon, stir tboroughlv and be sure it has all wilted.

Do not allow any of it to go into the barn with any
dampness, dew or rain.

Commence hauling right after dinner; three or
four hours after cutting is long enough for it to wilt.
Keep cutting day after day and be sure that no salt is
allowed on hay of any kind. It does great damage to
the hay ; it turns it black and produces a disagreeable
smell.

When it is put into the barn, as I tell you without
salt, it comes out in the winter with green leaves and
pink bloom, just the same color as it went into the
barn. Butter made from cows that are fed on such
hay will be yellow, same as butter from grass.

Cut your timothy hay when it is in bloom, put it
in the same as clover. I have been doing this kind of
haying all my life. Never lost a pound of hay and I
cannot get, nor ever have gotten, more than five men
to practice this mode, and they could not be hired to
practice the old style- — dry it a week. There are some
men on the prairies who start their mower as soon as
the dew is off, and in a few hours start their wagons
to hauling to barns or stacks, and their hay is worth
one-third more than that which has been dried to
death. Any man who tries it once will never go back.

Cobden, IE. S. W. Beckwith.

Having never tried this method of curing hay I
would be glad to have your opinion and experience on
the subject. Could such a method of curing hay be
successfully practiced here in Midland Virginia ?
Would not the hay cured in this way become so heated
and afterwards molded as to destroy its value as food
for stock ? Please answer through the columns of the
Southern Planter in the June issue if you can,
:md oblige a subscriber. Chas. M. Moss.

Louisa Co., Va.

We have given our views on the proper method of
curing clover and grass in our article on "Work for
the Month" in this issue. This is based on a 35 years
experience in curing hundreds of tons of hay. Tha
advice to cut when in bloom is good also the advice
not to use salt and the advice not to hatil when damp
with rain or dew, but we cannot endorse the advice to
haul into barn as soon as wilted. Something more
than mere wilting is necessary. It must be sufficient-
ly dried to reduce the watery sap natural in the plant
to such a minimum as will prevent overheating in
the mow after it is hauled. To put it in a mow only
just wilted would be likely to make good silage but
very poor hay. — Ed.

Will you please give me some advice as to what to
do with a field now in wheat. I expect to put it in
grass in the fall. Shall I have to leave it bare during
the summer? W. H. Randolph.

Montgomery Co., Va.

The field should not be left bare. Cut the stubble

398

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

ii]i with the disc barrow as booii as the wheat is cut
and sow in cow peas. This will make either a seed
crop, a grazing crop for hogs, or the vines may be
cut for hay in time to seed with grass in the fall. — Ed.

Burmuda Grass.

Could you please tell me in next issue of Planter
whether there is any material difference Ik 'tween the
genuine Bermuda grass and what we in Eastern Vir-
ginia call Wire grass? W. Y. N.

Il'< stmoreland < '<>.. Va.

Southern wire grass and Bermuda are the same.
The grass known in the Middle and Northern States
as wire grass or quack grass is no1 the same Ber-
muda. Some of this Northern wire grass is to be
found here and there in some of the Eastern States.
Genuine Bermuda is a semi-tropical grass and will
not grow far north of this State. The winters kill it
out. — Ed.

Grass for Name.

Please find enclosed a sample of grass for name.
Is it of any value, and if so, how many seed would
be required per acre? P. H. Burton.

King and Queen Co., Va.

The grass is Wild Rye. It lias some value as a
pasture grass but we are not aware that you can buy
the <(•<■•] anywhere. — Ed.

Best Laying Hens— Peas and Sorghum— Cow Pea.
Storing Turnips— Profitable Crops for Late Sow-
ing—Beet Cutter.

1. Last fall I noticed the reports of some egg lay-
ing contests in Australia, in which Buff Orpingtons
and White Wyandottes took a leading part. The Or-
pingtons particularly seemed to take the lead. Why
are all these egg laying contests held in Australia I
We like the Wyandottes but all white chicken- are
hard to raise. Are the Buff Orpingtons as good or
better layers than the Wyandottes as raised in this
country?

.2 In sowing peas and sorghum together in rows
for hay would yon nse a wheat drill, a corn planter,
or what ?

3. Will peas sown thus in rows do the land as much
,irood ns if soWn broadcast 1

4. What is the best variety of peas to sow with
sorghum, for ha v. when sown as late as June 15th to
30th ?

5. I noticed in last month's I'i.aviki: it is recom-
mended that turnips, to be kept over winter, be piled
on two sides of a fence and covered with fodder. Whv
will not piling in a long ridge do just as well ?

6. What is the most profitable garden or farm crop

that can be planted as late as June or July, where no
stock are kept, and the crop must be marketed?

7. Is there a machine made for cutting up beets,
etc., for stock, and where may it. be obtained?

"Three s*."

1. The egg laying contests in Australia are pro-
moted by one of the leading newspapers in the colony
and are an annual institution there. We have just
received the report of the contest for 1903-'04. In
our poultry columns you will find a summary of the
results. The White Wyandottes come first, Black
Orpingtons second. Buff Orpingtons are low down
on the list but they do not appear to be a breed much
kept there. We have some excellent reports of their
work here.

2. We would sow the peas and sorghum with the
wheat drill. If we were prepared to work the crop
which is advisable for the best results, we would stop
up sufficient spouts in the drill to sow the crop wide
enough apart in the rows to permit cultivation.

3. Yes. They will make a sufficiently heavy
growth to cover and shade all the land and thus pro-
mote nitrification whilst the stronger growth will re-
sult in more nitrogen nodules on the roots.

4. The Clay or Whippoorwill.

5. We do not know why the writer of the article ad-
pises storing on both sides of ;] fence except it be to
keep the pio from settling too closely. We never
stored turnips with the tops on as there advised. We
have made hundreds of pies of turnips without the
tops and in doing this work desired that they should
pack as closely as possible.

6. This is a difficult question to answer. Possibly
a cow pea crop grown for the seed under the condi-
tions named that is with no stock to consume the
waste. Cow peas always sell well. This year they
are very scarce and dear. In suggesting this crop we
take into account not only the value of the peas but
the \mIiic of the vines and roots as improvers of the
land. For a garden or truck crop probably a cucum-
ber pickle crop would be as profitable as any, though
possibly in a section where a late crop of Irish pota-
to,- could be grown this would run it close, as second
crop Trish potatoes always sell well for seed.

7. Yes. The implement dealers in this city whose
ads. von will find in this issue sell the machine. —

En.

Applying Nitrate of Soda- Irish Potatoes.

I have about 85 acres iii cotton, 40 in watermel-
ons, s in cantaloupes and 2 in cucumbers. When
planted T applied about 700 pounds of a mixture of

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

399

cotton seed meal, kainit and acid to the cotton. I put
600 pounds of Boids Animal Bone on watermelons
and 800 of the same to cantaloupes and cucumbers.
T am thinking of applying nitrate of soda to these
crops mixed with cotton seed meal, 100 pounds of
each to the acre. Will this be advisable, if so when?
Is there any danger of injuring the land by using this
amount of soda '. I have a large crop of early Irish
potatoes which will soon be ready to ship. Can you
give me some ideas in regard to saving and shipping?
When is best time to dig and what kind of barrels to
use J At what price ought they to sell \

A StJBSRIBER.

The party sending the above enquiry neither signs
his name nor gives his address. We have repeatedly
stated that wo must decline to reply to queries where
the name and address of the writer is not given and
should have followed this course in this instance, but
desired to use the case as an illustration of the neces-
sity of the rule. In this case we are asked to advise
as to the sale of early Irish potatoes when we do not
know where they were grown. It is impossible for us
to advise intelligently in such a case. The most we
can say is ship them to a Northern market as soon as
they are fit to dig. Ship in barrels. As to the nitrate
of soda and cotton seed meal proposed to be used as a
top dressing we would advise the use of the nitrate
of soda alone. The cotton seed meal will be practi-
cally wasted. Nitrate of soda will not injure land
and will greatly help the growth of the crops.- — Ed.

Celery Growing— Irish Potatoes.

1. When should celery seed be put in hot bed for
fall planting?

2. What sort of land and fertilizer will make best
resulta \

3. How many bushel- of Irish potatoes does it take
in plant; ;1n acre?

4. Please give me name of best variety for this
i it i. hi \ Mrs. R. H. Wilson.

Charlotte Co., Va.

1. In this issue in the article "Work for the Month"
in the garden department you will find advice as to
sowing celery seed. The plants should not. be raised
in a hot bed but in the open air.

2. Tn our next issue we will say something as to the
land and fertilizer required by this crop.

3. Eight to ten bushels.

4. Improved Peach Blow, Rural New Yorker No.
2. Burbank, Peerless.

handling apple cider (crop 1903) so as to convert it
into vinegar of good quality ?

2. Is spring or fall the best time to sow alfalfa?

Culpeper Co., Va. A. Y. Parr.

1. Send to the Experiment Station, Blacksburg,
Va., for their Bulletins on cider vinegar making.
These will give you the fullest and best information.

2. In all except the mountain sections of the South
the fall is the best time to seed alfalfa. In the moun-
tains seed in spring. — -Ed.

Vinegar Making— Sowing Alfalfa.

1. Please give in vour next issue a good method of

Wolf Teeth in Horses.

Is there such a thing as wolf teeth in a colts mouth
and ought they to be knocked out?

Lan raster Co., Va. J. E. Connell.

Yes, sometimes but not frequently. Wolf teeth
are small supernumerary teeth which make their ap-
pearance just anterior to the first molar. They cause
no inconvenience or injury to the horse. If it is de-
cided to remove them a small pair of forceps should
lie used. Knocking them off is cruel and does no
guild. — Ed.

Worms in Turkeys.

Please tell me if you can in your next Planter
some remedy for the long flat worm, presumably tape,
in young turkeys ? I lose some every year from this
trouble. They commence to droop at the age of six
weeks, have enormous appetites and death soon fol-
lows. Airs. W. T. Brockenbrouiwi.

Lancaster Co., Va.

Mix some turpentine in their food. If they will
not eat it then make it into pellets and cram it down
their throats. A drop or two in each pellet is suffi-
cient at one time. It is best fed to them on an empty
stomach. — Ed.

Lime— Alfalfa.

Please answer the following enquiries in your next
issue :

1. Where can I get lime or land plaster? How
much is it per ton ? Can I get it by the bags or bar-
rels? Tan the lime be sowed with other fertilizers?

2. When is the best time for sowing alfalfa ? How
much per acre and what preparation?

S. E. Beale.
1. Lime is advertised in our columns by a number
of parties. Write them for quotations. The cheap-
est way to buy it is in bulk in carload lots. For agri-
cultural purposes it ought always to be bought in this
way. You should buy it at about $3 per ton at most.
We have information that it can be bought for this
price delivered in Southside Virginia.

400

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

2. The fall for all sections of the South except in
the mountains. We hope to deal fully with this ques-
ti"ii in our next issue. — Ed.

Vinegar Making— Tanning a Hide.

^ ill you kindly let me know through your paper
what is the best way to turn cider to vinegar i Also
the best way to tan a hide and retain the hair on it I
Albemarle Co., Va. C. I. H. C.

Send to the Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-
burg, for their Bulletins on Cider Vinegar making.
These will give you much fuller information on the
subject than we can find space for.

The hide can be preserved so that the hair will not
come off by sprinkling the inside with a mixture of
two parts saltpeter and one part of alum. Pulverize
finely and sprinkle all over the flesh side. Eold the
skin flesh side to flesh side and roll up and let lie a
day or two, then with a dull knife remove the meat
and fat if any on the skin and hang to dry. When
about half dry rub and work to make the skin supple
and continue this at intervals until the skin is dry.
—Ed.

Abnormal Growth of Irish Potatoes.

I send by this same mail a potato set that is caus-
ing a good deal of amusement among our farmers.
As you will see there are three well formed young
potatoes attached but no sign of leaves or vines, nor
has there ever been. This is not a single sporadic
ease, as one farmer in preparing to plant corn in ap-
parently dead hills found as many as ten successive
lulls filled with these potatoes. We wish to ask an
explanation for this. How can the young potatoes be
>o well developer) with no leaves at all ? Will they
continue to grow, or as soon as the original piece is
exhausted will they die i What a fine variety it would
be if they will continue to grow. For once we would
have the advantage of the bugs! I have replanted
«nme to see how long they will grow and what sort of
crop the anti-bug potato will prove.

Smyth Co., Va. V 0. Pbbston.

We have seen a similar abnormal growth of Irish
potatoes several times before but are unable to explain
it. Evidently the young potatoes obtain their nour-
ishment from the old set which instead of producing
a vine and leaves is thus using: up its substance. When
this is finished the young potatoes must cease to grow
any larger as they have neither roots nor leaves to
convey nourishment to them. We are afraid there i^
no chance of perpetuating the variety and thus get-
ting ahead of the bugs, as no plant can live long with-
out leaves. They are the lun^s of the plant. — En.

Hogs in Orchard— Fertilizer for Beans— Dairy Cow.

1. I have a young orchard sowed in clover, trees
two and five years old, and would like to turn my
hogs in the same, but have no time to fence around
each tree, could I wash the trees with something that
the hogs wouldn't touch them ?

2. What's the cheapest and best fertilizer for beans
(navy) ?

3. Would you advise to raise a calf for milk cow
from a young cow but two years old ? The calf is nice
and strong. Jno. Gibett.

Lunenburg Co., Va.

1. We know no wash that could be applied to the
young trees that would prevent the hogs injuring
them. The easiest and cheapest way to protect them
is to buy a few yards of wire poultry netting and cut
it into strips about four inches wide and put one these
strips around each tree just doubling the wire ends
into each other. The wire only cost about 4 cents per
yard and a yard would make a protector for eight or
nine trees which could be put on in a few minutes.

2. Use acid phosphate and muriate of potash, say
300 pounds of phosphate and 50 pounds of potash per
acre.

3. Yes, if the mother and sire of the calf are of
S I dairy type and form. — Ed.

Preparation for Corn Crop.

I have a field that is planted in corn this spring,
very good land, and it is desirable to plant it again
in xr season, in corn, which is contrary to our usnal
rotation here, and would be glad to know if it would
be practicable to sow either cow peas or German
clover, just before plowing the corn the last time, and
let it make all the growth possible until late this fall
or winter, and then plow it again for corn in the
spring. Would this growth of peas or clover, turned
down as vegetable matter, keep up the fertility of the
soil to the extent that the corn crop would exhaust, it ?
The corn would be cut up in September, and the peas
or clover would have several fall months to grow be-
fore the cold weather would set in. I thought that this
amount of vegetable growth would to a great extent
at least, tend to keep up the fertility of the soil, and
Maud another corn crop. The land will produce fifty
to sixty bushels corn without fertilizer, in a fair sea-
son. If you will answer through your paper will be
under obligations. How much clover or peas to acre 8

Augusta Co., Va. James R. TCkmper.

The growing of either cow peas or German clover
will help the land to carry another crop of corn as
either crop will supply humus to the land and add
i" the nitrogen content of the soil. Both crops, how-
ever, and cow peas especially, are large consumers of

3 904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

401

the mineral fertilizers, phosphoric acid and potash,
of which corn is also a large consumer and would not
therefore recuperate to the land the mineral matter
taken out by this year's corn crop, but probably your
land is good enough to stand this draft if kept well
filled with humus and well supplied with nitrogen.
If you want to plow in the fall or winter for next corn
crop we would not sow clover as the growth it would
make would not be sufficient to warrant the cost or be
of any practical use. If clover is sown the plowing
should be deferred until late in spring, say April or
May. Cow peas can be sown and be plowed down in
the late fall or winter with great benefit and if 25
or 50 bushels of lime was applied after plowing down
the peas this would make available sufficient of the
phosphoric acid and potash in the soil to produce with
the peas an average crop of corn the following year.
—Ed.

Poultry House.

I am going to erect a poultry house with a coop
for 1,000 hens and prefer one straight building with
partitions and runs — have plenty of ground — please
give me a plan keeping in mind plenty of room in
runs and general convenience.

Anderson Co., Tenn. Geo. Margrove.

You had better get the little book on Poultry Archi-
tecture by Fiske, price 50 cents, which we can sup-
ply. This gives a variety of plans to meet varied con-
ditions. There is wide difference of opinion as to the
best form of house to build. Our own views are
wholly against one large house. We would always
build a number of isolated houses to obviate loss from
contagious diseases. — Ed.

Salt.

Will you please inform me where I can get the
genuine Liverpool salt? Years ago I got it in 240
pound sacks. It did not get so hard as the salt I get
now and I like it much better. J. M. Shankel.

Sullivan Co., Tenn.

Davenport & Co., of this city, used to import the
Liverpool salt. We presume their successors in busi-
ness, Saunders Sons Co., of this city, still do so and
can supply it. — Ed.

Obstructed Teat of Cow.

About two months ago my cow. then fresh, injured
one of her teats with her foot while getting up. The
teat was much bruised and lacerated, but not cut to
interior. I used a milking tube while it was sore. It
has now apparently healed, but is much strictured at
the tip. It is impossible to milk it without first in-

serting the tube. When the tube is withdrawn a small
stream can be forced out. Kindly tell me what to do
for it and oblige. J. M. Harrison.

Alexandria Co., Va.

You will have to have it opened by the use of an in-
strument called the hidden bistouri which cuts the
sides of the gland. The enlarged opening must then
be kept open by a dilator until the wounds are
healed. — Ed.

Canning Snaps and Tomatoes.

Will some reader of the Planter please give me
information in regard to canning snaps ; also for can-
ning tomatoes? I will appreciate very highly any
reliable recipes given. A Subscriber.

Pittsylvania Co., Va.

Destroying Horns by Caustic.

Please let me know at what age and how often you
apply stick caustic to calves to prevent the horns from
growing- B. S. H.

Albemarle Co., Va.

The caustic should be applied as soon as the hard
button from which the horn springs can be felt. This
will be in a few weeks after birth. Clip the hair from
the button and just around it and apply the caustic
two or three times until the embryo horn is burnt out
—Ed.

Cow Peas for Hay.

We have about three acres in Irish potatoes upon
which we put about 800 or 900 pounds of Baugh's
10 per cent, to the acre. I want to put the same piece
of land in black peas. Do you think it best to mix
anything with them, if so what and how much ? Want
to cut them for hay. W. T. A.

Gloucester Co., Va.

We are strongly in favor of mixing sorghum with
cow peas for hay. In our experience, and in this we
are confirmed by a number of our friends, the mixture
makes better feed as it is more nearly a balanced ra-
tion, makes a heavier yield and is easier to cure. Sow
about half a peck of sorghum to the acre. — Ed.

Crimson Clover.

When Crimson Clover is sown at the last working
of corn should it be sown before or after the plowing ?

Franklin Co., Va. Subscriber.

The Crimson Clover should be sown and be worked
in with a cultivator, but not with a plow, as that
would bury it too deeply. A cultivator and not a
plow should always be used to work corn, and thus
keep the surface level. — Ed.

402

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The work of gathering the berries and early fruits
and cutting and picking the early vegetables and ship-
ping the crops to market, or preserving and canning
them at home, will make lhe month a busy one for
the gardener and trucker. See to it that crates and
baskets are on hand and that they are clean and of
standard size and make. Have all arrangement?
made with commission men as to time of shipment
and as to the requirements of the different markets
shipped to in the way of sizes of packages and con-
signments, also have complete arrangements made
witli the express and transportation companies so that
ii" delay may occur in delivery. Let all shipments be
made under a guarantee as to quality and mark the
crates and packages plainly with the grade of con-
tents. Do not mix first and second rate products,
ship each separately and then the full value may be
expected to be realised.

The planting of successional crops of beans, peas,
coin, melons, cantaloupes, cucumbers, squashes, pep-
pers and tomatoes must have attention to keep up the
supply as the early crops are shipped or consumed.
Keep the cultivators running in the earlier planted
crops and encourage growth with top dressings of
nitrate of soda where crops are not making the pro
gress desired. Look out for insect pests and attacks
of fungoid diseases and act upon the advice given in
the spray calendar published in our March issue for
combatting these. A vigorous quick growth of crops
will do much to protect them from damage. Usually
the crops which have received a check in growth are
those attacked by insects and fungoid diseases.

When setting out tomato plants plant a hill of corn
here and there in the rows. The worms will attack
these in preference to the tomatos and the corn can be
cut and fed to stock and thus save the tomatoes. A
row of mustard sown here and there amongst cabbage
plants will save the cabbages from the attacks of the
terrapin bugs. The bugs will settle on the mustard
and this should then be sprinkled with kerosene and
be burnt. Look out for potato bugs on the Irish po-
tatoes and egg plants. Give them a dose of Paris
green, Bug Death or Slug Shot.

hills three feet apart each way. Prepare the land
well and fertilize with a complete fertilizer having
about 5 per cent, nitrogen, 7 per cent, phosphoric acid
and 8 per cent, potash. The wholesale pickle factories
are always open to biiy this crop and if not grown
sufficiently near to a factory for delivery as gathered
the "cukes" can be preserved in brine in barrels as
gathered and then be shipped to the factory as re-
quired.

Celery seed should be sown this month. Select a
piece of moist ground for the seed bed and prepare it
finely and make rich with well rotted farm yard
manure. Rake fine and smooth and then sow the seed
thinly over the bed, rake in lightly then tread or roll
firm, sprinkle with water and cover the bed with old
bagging to conserve the moisture. Celery seed germi-
nates slowly and must be kept in moist ground. As
soon as the seed begins to germinate raise the bagging
(hi sticks and so gradually unveil the young plants to
the air and sun. Shading the beds even until the
plants are nearly large enough to transplant is a good
practise as it insures better plants. The last half of
June is soon enough to sow the seed. When the plants
are large enough to handle they should be transplant
ed into a rich bed, being set out about three inches
apart each way and be allowed to grow on slowly until
time to set them out in the rows or beds in August or
September. The large white variety is the best to
grow here.

Salsify seed should be sown this month,
make better roots sown now than earlier.

It will

Cabbage seed for the fall crop may be sown towards
the end of the month or early in July. The mistake
usually made is sowing the seed too early and the
plants get eaten up by the worms in the hot weather.

Cucumbers for pickles should be planted. They
may be set out either in rows four feet apart or in

The onion crop should be harvested as soon as the
plants have completed their growth and the tops are
dying. Pull the bulbs and throw them into rows and
leave to dry for a few hours. Then place them in an
airy shed to dry off a few days. Let them be got
ready for market and be shipped as soon as possible
as they should be sold before the Northern crop comes
on the market, Southern grown onions will not keep
over the winter like the Northern ones.

As soon as the strawberry crop is gathered if the-

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

403.

bed has stood two years plow it up and prepare the
land and seed with cow peas or crimson clover. Begin
to prepare other land for setting out a new bed. Land
that has grown Irish potatoes makes a good place for
this bed. If the old bed is to stand another year mow
off the leaves and sprinkle straw on them and burn
them. This gets rid of weeds and insect pests.

THE FRUIT CROP.

We have very varied reports as to the prospects of
the fruit crop throughout this and the adjoining
States. In many sections of Middle and Eastern Vir-
ginia, North Carolina and Maryland practically all
plums, pears, peaches and early apples are destroyed.
This also is the case largely in the Piedmont and
mountain sections in the valleys. On the mountains,
and in much of the middle sections of these States on
high lands, the promise for winter apples and late
peaches is good, though we hear considerable com-
plaint of dropping of the fruit, no doubt as a result
of the injury done by the late frosts. We should es-
teem it a favor if growers would report to us the pros
pect in their sections for publication in our July issue,

TRUCKING.

Editor Southern Planter:

Don't make the mistake of starting into the busi-
ness of truck raising before you are ready. By so
doing, you simply invite defeat, and a disastrous and
expensive failure is, in the very nature of things,
bound to be the result.

There are three, at least, "essentials," the absence
of either of which will pretty effectually militate
against any possible profit from either market garden-
ing, or truck farming ; these are :

1. A sure and remunerative market for the products
when raised ;

2. A thorough knowledge of his soil and its adapta-
bility to the vegetables to be grown thereon, and an
equally intimate knowledge of the plants he intends
to cultivate, together with their cultural and plant
food requirements, and

3. Rich land.

It is a waste of time to attempt the utterly impos-
sible feat of raising profitable crops of tender, succu-
lent vegetables on any but the very richest of land.

No matter how fertile the land may seem to be,
good truck crops can only be grown thereon by high-
manuring. While, in ordinary grain or cotton, or to-
bacco farming, one can, by a judicious rotation and
by the free use of leguminous crops, get along with-

out the purchase of nitrogenous fertilizers, the mar-
ket gardener must be lavish with his fertilizers, both
nitrogenous and potassic. Nitrogen forces early
growth and gives large succulent leaves and stems.
Potash gives solidity and crispness and increases the
sugar and starchy parts of seeds. Phosphoric acid
tends more especially to develop the seeds of plants,,
hence the chief ingredient in a good fertilizer for veg-
etables of which the leaves or stems are the edible
portion, is nitrogen. Eor root vegetables, phosphoric
acid and potash are fully as important as nitrogen.
For vegetables of which the seed is the edible portion,
like the garden pea, for instance, phosphoric acid is.
the leading element.

For vegetables, like the tomato, potato, egg plants,,
celery, melons, etc., potash is the most important.

Nitrate of soda is the best form of nitrogen and the
sulphate is the best available form of potash, for gar-
den vegetables of all kinds, cotton seed meal, as a
source of nitrogen, and the muriate as a source of
potash, being next; kainit is altogether out of place
in the garden or truck farm. Potash salts are just
the thing for truck farming. The cheaper muriate
of potash gives equally as good results on cabbages
and beets as the more expensive sulphate, but the lat-
1 ter appears to be superior to the muriate in increasing
yield of tomatoes, spinach, lettuce and onions. For
vegetables, the controlling elements are potash and
nitrogen; and very few of the brands of mixed fer-
tilizers have as high a percentage of potash as most
truck crops require. It is known on all sides that
potatoes are dear lovers of potash, but it does not ap-
pear to be so generally known that the cabbage crop
is also a potash eater; turnips come next and cauli-
flowers third, in their demand for potash ; hence, if a
heavy yield of either is desired, they must be planted
on soil that already has plenty of potash in it; or,
plenty of it must be applied. No soil is naturally so
strong that many good crops of vegetables can be
raised in succession thereon, except potash be added
just as often and just as liberally as nitrogen. We
have this much to say about potash for the reason
that, to our certain knowledge, many market garden-
ers limit themselves exclusively to manure obtained
from city stables, and stable manure, let it be ever so
good, is not a properly balanced fertilizer for vege-
tables and cannot bring best results. A good general
fertilizer for all garden vegetables would be
150 to 225 pounds acid phosphate,
250 to 375 pounds sulphate of potash,
150 to 225 pounds nitrate of soda.
Mix phosphate and potash and apply previous to.

404

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

planting, apply nitrate beside, or around the plants,
after crop is up.

If ground is well supplied with humus, above
amounts may be doubled or trebled with manifest ad-
vantage. In all cases, we most decidedly prefer to
apply broadcast ; and, by thorough preparation, thor-
oughly incorporate the fertilizer with the soil. This
done, when drouth sets in, wherever the application
was heaviest, there the crop will be the greenest, let
the crop be what it may.

As muriate of potash and cotton seed meal are pre-
ferred by some, we subjoin the following mixture :

700 pounds acid phosphate,

300 pounds nitrate of soda,

750 pounds cotton seed meal,

250 pounds muriate of potash.
Mix, for one ton. Apply from 1,000 to 2,000 pounds
per acre.

For Irish potatoes, leave out 150 pounds nitrate of
soda, and add 150 pounds more of the muriate.

Mississippi. G. H. Turner.

TRUCKING NOTES— EASTERN VIRGINIA— NEAR
THE SEA.

Editor Southern Planter:

May continues cool, with the exception of one or
two days. The berry crop, usually moving in full
force at this date (May 10), is moving very slowly in-
deed. Last year thousands of 60-quart crates of ber-
ries were sent to market in April. This year only one
lone crate was sent in April, and the May shipments
have been small, very small indeed.

April, 1904, was a normal month, as regards tem-
perature, the average thermometer for the month
being 56 degrees, which is the regular average them-
perature for the month for the past 34 years. But
the month was preceded by a winter considerably
cooler than the average, which kept fruit and early
vegetables back at least two weeks.

April was drier than usual. The average April
rainfall for 34 years being 3.82 inches; but April,
1904, gave us only 1.13 inches. The month was.
therefore, not a very satisfactory month for our farm-
ers and truckers. But very little corn was planted
in April and the potato crop which was planted in
March came up slowly and irregularly. The liberal
rainfall of last night starts everything growing more
rapidly, and we may now safely calculate upon regu-
lar growing summer weather.

Radishes are about done for the season. The ship-
ments were large and the radish good crisp and ten-

der. The crop paid very well. It shows the open
character of our winters when, in the coolest winter
for many years, we could plant or sow radish in the
open air from last of February to middle of March
without serious loss from frost.

Lettuce is now running heavily to Northern mar-
kets. The crop is good, but is not heading up quite
so good as usual, on account of the cool winter. The
seed was sown thickly in beds last September, and
covered with a thin layer of marsh grass, so thin that
(■very plant could be clearly seen through the grass,
and from these beds the lettuce was transplanted in
March in the open fields. We saw one patch where
the trucker had set out 175,000 plants and we could
not find a missing plant in the entire field.

To show the intensity of truck farming, we may
state that on the 22nd of February, 1904, we visited
the same section in company with a delegation of
Western farmers, and found the truckers, at that date,
cutting and shipping spinach, young spinach, sown
the previous September, at the rate of 100 barrels to
the acre, and worth, at that date $5.50 per barrel in
New York city.

Last Saturday — May 7th — we visited the same
fields and found them all set to lettuce, from which
the truckers were just beginning to ship.

The lettuce was set out in narrow beds, four rows
to the bed, and on the edges of each bed was planted
a row of snap beans.

The price of lettuce this spring ranges from $1.25
to $2.75 per basket, and each basket holds from 25
to 60 heads according to the size of the heads.

After the trucker ships his lettuce, he will culti-
vate his snap beans, which in early June will be mar-
keted, and on the same land, if he so chooses, he can
plant corn and grow 60 bushels of shelled corn to the
acre, thus making four crops from the same land dur-
ing one year, viz. : Spinach, lettuce, snap beans and
corn.

This is trucking intensively; and when general
farming is carried on here, equally intensively, as it
may be and should be, we shall see the "garden spot"
of America. We need a few thousand "genuine, all
wool, and yard wide" stock farmers. We need stock.
stable manure, silos, deeper plowing, more thorough
tillage, better implements, higher aims, broader
views, and a deeper insight into the science of agri-
culture.

Xorfolk Co., Ya. A. Jeffeks.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

405

Live Stock and Dairy.

FIGHT THE CATTLE TICK AND ENFORCE THE
QUARANTINE LAW, IF YOU WISH TO GET RID
OF THE QUARANTINE LINE.

Editor Southern Planter:

During the last two years I, as State Veterinarian,
have talked with quite a number of stock men who
live south of the cattle quarantine line through this
State, and I have been impressed with the fact that
nine out of ten of these gentlemen seem very anxious
to have the Board of Control move the quarantine line
further south, each individual wanting it south of
his county, or at least his private farm. When I sug-
gest that they first get rid of the cause for this line
(the cattle tick, Boophilus Annulatus), their reply is
that the ticks have nothing to do with the trouble,
because they have always had them on their cattle.

Now the fact that this particular cattle tick is the
carrier of the disease known as Texas fever, among
cattle, has been proven, beyond all doubt, by profes-
sional men after years of study, with practical ex-
periments. A description of the particular tick, togeth-
er with its life history has been published in a bulle-
tin by this department, therefore, it would simply be
a repetition of what has been written in the past, to
explain in this article how the cattle tick produces the
disease in question. I state as a fact, which leaves no
room for argument, as arguing always delays work,
and work is what we want in order to get rid of the
quarantine in this State, that the fever is caused by
this particular cattle tick and that the existence of
the cattle tick in the southern portion of this county
caused the quarantine law to be passed, and the line
to be established where it is, in order to protect the
northern portion of the State and all the States north
of this State from this infection, which was causing
all horns, and no beef, to be raised in the southern
counties of Virginia. The cause must be removed
before the condition can be relieved, (you would not
expect to get the soreness out of your finger until you
had removed the splinter which was causing the
pain ?) You are all willing to acknowledge that the
quarantine line through Virginia is an "eye sore" to
the counties south of said line ? Then just remember
that this inflamed streak is caused by the existence
of the cattle tick in your county, and get to work to
first remove the cause of this law, and line, remem-
bering that the condition can then be easily improved.
However, it will take work, and time, to accomplish
this end. You can get rid of these ticks by, first,

stopping all cattle from running at large on the com-
mons, have a "no-fence" law, second, put no cattle
where ticky cattle were last year. Look for and de-
stroy every tick that you can find this summer. Use
the sulphur, sodium chloride, and potassium nitrate
mixture, which Mr. Cobbs, of Somerset, Orange
county, Virginia, advised in the Planter some time
ago. In fact, do everything that you can to destroy
the ticks, and enforce the quarantine law, and as a
sequel of your work, the quarantine line will be re-
moved further and further south, until you will all be
out of the infected district. J. G. Ferneyhough,

State Veterinarian.

Experiment Station, Blachsburg, Va.

The point farmers overlook in this question is that
only one particular cattle tick causes Texas fever.
Your cattle may be covered with ticks but if this par-
ticular tick is not amongst them you will have no
fever. If it is you will sooner or later have the fever
and every cow which has not been rendered immune
either by natural means, that is to say by having had
the fever recently in a mild form or by inoculation
which gives the fever in a mild form, is liable to die
from it. Any cow brought from a section north of
the quarantine line or from any place within the
quarantine district where this particular tick is not to
be found, and there are many such places, will cer-
tainly take the fever if these ticks get on to her unless
she be inoculated before the ticks reach her. The re-
moval of the quarantine line south of Virginia is well
within the bounds of possibility if only farmers
themselves will help in the way we have pointed out
in the Planter. Let each man get rid of the tick
on his own place and see that a "no-fence" law is put
into operation in his section. — Ed.

RED POLLED CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

It is difficult in the limited scope of a short article,
to say all the things that can well be said, aye and re-
peated, about the dual purpose breed of cattle, Red
Polls.

We take it for granted that all know the meaning
of "dual purpose."

We have special purpose cattle, like the Jerseys or
Guernseys, for production of butter. The Short
Horn or the Angus for production of beef. The dual
purpose combines both these qualities, and the Red

406

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

Polls are the leaders in that class. They will make
profit in either the dairy or on the block

We know a farm, called a "milk farm," the chief
business of which is selling milk to the consumer. Red
Polled cows are the ones used on this farm. The gen-
tleman who owns and runs the farm told us that he
was -atisfied with the milk production from the cows,
and his prime object is to get milk and a lot of it.

Another man who has been a successful farmer for
sixty years, recently stated to us that in all bis years
of making butter, he had never made so mtich as he
had in 1901, with the same sized herd. His cows
are Red Polls, and during all these sixty years he has
early all the recognized breeds.

Statistics and reports of slaughter tests show that
the Red Polls make beef rf the very finest quality.
Also tliat these animals dress nearly if not quite two-
thirds of their live weight.

We kiT 'w from personal experience that it costs no
more, and in fact not so much, to feed our Red Polls
and keep them in proper condition, as it does to feed
our Ji i

Wi also know that Red Polled calves can easily be
made to weigh from 800 to 1,000 pounds at one year
old. We shipped a registered Red Polled bull calf
to a customer in Mississippi, not long ago. The calf
* n months old and weighed 525 pounds. He
was kepi growing. We never stuffed him or forced
him. Tn fact four months of that time he was in pas-
ture, and had not a spoonful of grain. Red Polled
cows weigh from 1,000 to 1,400 pounds. Bulls from
o 2,200 pounds.

Here is another (a minor point). We never yet
had to teach a Red Polled calf to drink. The first
chance they get at a pail of milk, they stick their
heads into it and "they're off."

These rattle are hornless, very docile and gentle.
Extremely easy to handle. In color, a rich dark red,
little white on tail tip. Udders and teats of good size.

The Red Polls have been derided, snubbed and held
Up to ridicule times without number. It has only
Berved as a g od advertisement for the breed. They
1 enough to stand on their own merits. The
demand for them is -readily increasing. They are
gaining the confidence of the farmer. What is farm-
ing but a general purpose business? Whv does a
general purpose farmer desire a special purpose breed
of cattle ? Sometimes the price of butter is so low
that it does not pay the farmer to make it. Then
why not make beef ! Sometimes the price of beef is
so low that the farmer cannot realize a conservative
profit. Then why not make butter ? If he is well

stocked up with Red Polled cattle, he has the correct
answer to both questions. W. A. Sabgext.

Albany, Yt.

POLLED DURHAM CATTLE,

The above picture is from a photograph of three
Polled Durham calves bred by Mr. Jno. S. Eunk, of
the Glen Farm, Singers Glen, Va. Mr. Funk has a
tine herd of Polled Durhams headed by a Blood Red
sire weighing 1,650 pounds, two years old past.
Polled Durhams are a very desirable dual purpose
breed, having all the good qualities, both milking
and beef making, of the best Shorthorns. Being
hornless they commend themselves to those parties
who have a prejudice against horns.

REMEDY FOR NODULAR DISEASE OF SHEEP.

Editor Southern Planter:

On page 328 of the May issue E. J. Waller, of
Spotsylvania county. Va.. says his sheep have died
i ing and he found on examination their intes-
tines covered with small nodules, which you sav is a
- - commonly known as "kn< >tty gut." Your diag-
nosis is correct, but your reply as to treatment has
not been my experience. I am not going to take issue
with you. but merely to give my experience for the
benefit of ^lr. Waller and others who may be so un-
fortunate as to get this disease in their flock.
Three years ago my sheep got droopy and began to
die and it did look as if the whole flock would die
before T could get anything to stop the disease what-
ever it was. I was a subscriber to the American Sheep
Breeder and having read about "knotty gut" being
so fatal among sheep, I butchered a lamb and exam-
ined its intestines and found them covered with such
nodules as Mr. Waller describes. I immediately or-
dered by express a can of Toxaline, the new remedy

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

407

I saw advertised in the Sheep Breeder. By the time
it arrived I had lost thirty-two head and half a dozen
were at death's door. I commenced immediately to
give the Toxaline by directions and did not lose an-
other one of the flock except one ewe that got strangled
and died in less than a minute after drenching. Since
then I keep the remedy on hand and whenever a
sheep begins to droop or has a hacking cough I give it
a dose of Toxaline and through the winter and spring
I give my sheep Summers worm powders about once
a month, which keeps the worms in check. Once a
flock has become infected I doubt very much whether
the disease can ever be eradicated, but by the use of
these remedies I am satisfied it can be kept in check
so as to do no appreciable harm to the flock. Sending
the flock to the butcher would do no good if other
sheep were bought and placed on the same pasture
or barn. A. J. Smith.

Laurens Co., S. C.

We are glad to hear of this remedy for the "knotty
gut" n-oiible. It is the first time we have heard of
any remedy being effective and we have had a life
time experience with sheep. The veterinarians are so
far as we know all of opinion that remedies are of no
avail. The worm is so encysted in the nodules that
no medicine can reach it. However this may be, our
correspondent's testimony is satisfactory as to the ef-
fectiveness of the remedv named in his flock. — Ed.

REMARKABLE MILK RECORD OF JERSEY HEIFER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I hand you for publication a picture and sketch of

to your readers that we have some good dairy cows
in Virginia. I have been breeding Jerseys for a
great many years. Commenced by buying a few cows
and a bull, the best I could find, and have bred and
retained in my herd the best.

"Lady Madelin," the heifer in question, is entitled
to registration. Her dam Madelin Mapp, herd num-
ber 852Q9; her sire Tenor, herd number 59277.
"Madelin Mapp" is a very heavy milker, not tested.
Tenor was sold to the Virginia Polytechnic Institute
to head their herd. Madelin Mapp's dam, Thorn-
cliffe Pet, No. 698S0, gave 16 pounds of butter in
seven days. Tenor's dam, Rioters Prima Donna, No.
45692, gave 5 pounds of butter from four milkings.
I never tested her for a week.

"Lady Madelin" represented in this picture,
weighs 585 pounds, and gave in 30 days during the
month of April 782 pounds of milk, and for the seven
days just past (May), 196 pounds milk, and has a
bull calf dropped March 4, 1904, by Coquette's John
Bull, No. 63980. I have not tested her milk but the
butter fat of the milk of my herd (an average sample)
is 4 6-10. You will see she is quite a wonderful milk-
er. She gave nearly 200 pounds more milk in a
month than her own weight.

Prince Edward Co., Va. A. R. Venable, Jr.

one of my herd of Jerseys which has quite an uncom-
mon milk record. I ask you to publish this to show

DO GRADE DORSET LAMBS BUTCHER WELL?

Editor Southern Planter:

The above query has been sent to me by a reader of
the Southern- Pi.antek. It gives me pleasure to
present a few facts that have come into my posses-
sion.

It is well known that Dorset ewes lamb in the fall
and many Virginia sheep breeders who want lambs
just as early as possible have seriously considered the
advisability of using Dorset ewes in their breeding
flocks. The purebreds are most too expensive yet for
stock sheep, but as high grade ewes are found to lamb
with great regularity in December, they have been
buying Dorset rams and introducing Dorset blood.
Many have had good success, but it seems that in one
or two counties in the State that buyers of market
lambs, who in some instances, to my certain knowl-
edge, have been interested in other breeds, have ad-
vised certain farmers against the use of Dorset rams,
by telling them that the grade Dorset lambs do not
butcher well.

I have handled Southdown, Shropshire and Dorset
lambs. As purebred sheep, I must admit that the

408

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

Southdown is the finest mutton sheep on earth and I
notice in the carcass tests in our hig fat stock shows in
England and America the Southdown is more fre-
quently at first place in spite of the fact that other
breeds have double as many entries. In spite of this
fact, however, the raisers of earlj lambs found it
more profitable to use Shropshires or Hampshires
than Southdowns. I would be willing to say that any
of these three breeds would butcher better than the
purebred Dorsets, as they have been bred for a longer
time with this one thing in view. The Dorsets are
rapidly pushing to the front among the mutton
breeds. Twice in this country a Dorset has taken
sweepstakes over all mutton breeds in large shows.
This happened last at Omaha, when a Dorset ewe was
named the best sheep in the show.

But leaving this to one side, I beg to say that some
of the finest types of mutton lambs I have ever seen
are the Dorset-Southdown and Dorset-Shropshire
crosses. My own personal experience will enable me
to answer the query directly. Some years ago, as a
matter of interest, we were testing Dorset and Shrop-
shire rams for producing market lambs, using the
same type of ewes, highgrade Southdown and Shrop-
shire. For three years the Dorset lambs were the
winners on the scales. One year the Dorsets aver-
aged five pounds more per head. A Shropshire man
who saw them weighed remarked that he believed thev
would lose this advantage when butchered. I thought
it would be well to investigate, so I marked the car-
load carefully and shipped them to a well known firm
at Jersey, asking him to follow up the butchering of
this fine carload and report. The load was an extra
one, averaging over 80 pounds. I have the report
on this load, which was bought and butchered by two
of the best firms in Xew York city. The report states
that no finer lambs had come to the market that sea-
son than the Dorset lambs of that load and that the
best carcasses in the load were among the Dorsets.
This seems much to the point.

References to the prize lists of the Great Fat Stock
Show at Chicago for 1901 and 1902 will show that
in the carcass contest for lambs in which all breeds
were entered and with from thirty to forty entries,
more than half of which were either purebred or grade
Shropshires, grade Dorset lambs got into the money
both years, winning second and third place. The
grade Dorset lambs were either Dorset-Southdown,
or Dorset-Shropshire crosses. Xot more than three
of these grade Dorsets were entered. For these to
have taken second and third place among so many
entries speaks volumes for the grade Dorsets, and I

beg my enquirer to notice that the test was on the
block. Winners of first prizes were a Southdown
and an Oxford purebred. I did not see the report of
this show last December, but I would not be surprised
to know that Dorset blood was to the front again.

Some might remark that it was the Down blood
that made these lambs winners. I think that much
could be said to show that it was more the combina-
tion. To say the least, the Dorset blood did not keep
them from winning.

At two of our leading agricultural colleges Dorset
ewes are kept to produce this Dorset-Down cross,
which is becoming a prime favorite with the butchers.

Maxicelton, W. Va. H. B. Akbuckle.

DORSET SHEEP.

Our correspondent Mr. H. B. Arbuckle, of Max-
welton, W. Va., writes us that he is about to sail for
England as the representative of the Continental Dor-
set Club to purchase a flock of Dorset Sheep for im-
portation into this country. He will sail on the 4th
June and will be glad to hear from any parties who
may desire sheep, either Dorsets or other pure breeds
bought in England. This will afford a good oppor-
tunity for securing fine stock to head the flocks of
our Southern breeders. Any stock bought will be
personally selected by Mr. Arbuckle, who is an excel-
lent judge of sheep, and will receive his attention
and care until delivered to the owners here.

ADMINISTERING BENZINE OR GASOLINE TO
SHEEP.

Editor Southern Planter:

Having been asked to give more detailed informa-
tion about administering gasoline to sheep to rid them
of stomach worms, I will for the benefit of those who
may desire to try the remedy this summer offer the
following suggestions:

1. Use gasoline instead of benzine. The two sub-
stances are almost identical, being the products of
the fractional distillation of petroleum. Gasoline is
the more volatile, seems to act more quickly, and is
cheaper.

2. Instead of milk flaxseed tea can be used for
making the dose. In either case use about six ounces.

3. Never give over one ounce of gasoline, which
i- :il»'iit one large tablespoonful, to a grown sheep;
half this amount to a sixty pound lamb. Shake well
before giving the dose and do not force the dose. Give
the sheep time.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

409

4. Never stand the sheep up on the rump or throw
it down on the side. You want the dose to go at once
to the fourth stomach, where the worms are. Experi-
ments conducted by the United States Agricultural
Department show that when a sheep is standing al-
most the entire dose goes at once to the fourth stom-
ach.

Push sheep back into a corner of the shed, stand
straddle of the neck, with left hand hold the sheep by
lower jaw with head just slightly elevated and with
right hand bring drench bottle carefully into the
mouth just after you have shaken it well. If you
have a rubber tube in mouth of bottle, you can check
flow of dose by pinching rubber tube, if sheep strug-
gles. Don't take any chance on rushing dose into the
lungs, as it will prove fatal.

5. Keep a bottle of aromatic spirits of ammonia
near by, so that you can at once give the sheep two tea-
spoonsful, if it is much affected by gasoline. Sheep
with pleurisy or heart trouble are often seriously af-
fected. A hypodermic of strychnine would be a good
remedy in case of heart failure.

6. Fast sheep fifteen hours before giving first dose.
Turn out to grass two hours after gasoline is admin-
istered. Fast twelve hours before next dose. Turn
to fresh pasture, where there is no water standing in
low marshy places.

7. Do not give gasoline to sheep, unless you are
sure it is necessary, as it is in no sense a tonic and
does not of itself do sheep good. If your sheep are
healthy, the lambs fat, and there is no hacking coughs,
harsh fleeces, pale skins, do not think of giving gas-
oline.

8. Gasoline will not cure knotty guts, but may ex-
pel the worms that are not yet encysted. (More of
this in a later paper.) Gasoline may not kill stom-
ach worms, but there is abundant evidence that it ex-
pels them. Gasoline will not expel tapeworms and
will not expel hook worms of the intestines.

9. The objections to gasoline are numerous. Chief-
ly, it must be administered, at least, three times, and
it causes great distress to the sheep.

10. A one per cent, solution of coal tar creosote
has given good results as a substitute, but there are
objections to it. At present the subject is receiving
attention from many quarters and the outlook is
promising. H. B. Arbuckle.

Maxwelton, W. Va.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southern Planter.

SOW EATING PIGS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I read with much interest "Subscriber's" com-
munication from Dinwiddie coiinty, and yoiir reply
relative to sow eating pigs, and thinking that my ex-
perience might be of interest to some of your readers
and "Subscriber" particularly, I give it to you.

I bought a very fine Duroc Jersey sow last summer
in Ohio. She was being prepared for the fall shows,
and was very fat. I had her bred and shipped home,
and she was fat enough for the show ring when she
farrowed. She ate all the pigs except two, which we
managed to get away from her before she got her
mouth on them. As she was a very fine animal, I
did not want to make pork of her, so I began to en-
quire of old breeders what they did in such cases.
There was a consensus of opinion that only fat sows
would eat their pigs, and that if fed very sparingly
for a couple of weeks before farrowing time, there
would be no trouble. I bred the sow, and two weeks
before she was due to farrow I put her in a pen by
herself and fed only one small feed of swill daily,
and the day she was to farrow gave the swill hot.
She farrowed 9 pigs in January and proved to be
one of the best mothers I ever owned, raising the
entire litter in spite of the awful weather conditions,
and not a "runt" in the bunch. As the Duroc puts
on fat fast, I found this spring all my sows in "show"
condition at farrowing time, so I adopted the same
plan with them all, and not a sow had a mishap or
ate a pig. As you say, the sows at farrowing are in
a fevered condition and a heavy or even regular feed
only helps to heat and excite them. I feel quite sure
if "Subscriber" will put his sow up for two weeks
before farrowing time and the day she is due feed the
swill hot, feeding only one small feed a day, that he
need not make pork of her, and she will not eat the
pigs. Wm. G. Owens.

■ Chesterfield Co., Va.

Com Stover for COWS. — Corn meal 280 pounds,
wheat bran 392 pounds, fed in connection with 2,374
pounds of corn stover produced at the Wisconsin Ex-
periment Station 1,120 pounds of milk, from which
57 pounds of butter were made.

One Ton Of Cottonseed, according to tests made
by the Mississippi Experiment Station, will produce
about one-sixth more beef than a ton of corn, and a
ton of cottonseed meal will produce about twice as
much.

410

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

The Poultry Yard.

AUSTRALIAN EGG LAYING CONTEST.

Last year we published the results of an egg lav-
ing contest conducted in Australia. The contest has
been repeated again in 1903-1904, and the results
Lave just appeared. We take the following notes
upon i; from Commercial Poultry. In the contest
this year there were several pens of American birds
entered and two of them have come out high in the
lisl of producers. The following 5 pens of 6 pullets
produced the highest number of eggs:

Eggs.

K. I-:. Warren, Silver Wyandottes 1,308

W. Wild, Black Orpingtons 1,274

W. F. Evenden, Andalusians 1,242

0. A. W. West, White Leghorns 1,225

Mrs. A. H. Hansel (American) Rose C. B.

Leghorns 1,203

These were the only pens which laid more than
1,200 eggs in the year, and it will he noticed that
they were representatives of five different breeds.

.Mr. Tl. E. Warren's winning Silver Wyandottes
laid steadily and well from start to finish. At the
end of the first six months they stood sixth, but
gradually overhauling the leaders, they went to the
top at the end of February, and finished with 34
o spare. An importanl factor in their success
i- that they went right through without breaking into
moult, but this must not be allowed to detract from
their magnificent record of 218 eggs per hen. To
Bhow the value of breeding from proved layers, Mr.
Warren states that they were bred from a pen of hens
i In. i averaged 214 eggs in a year. Like all the other
successful Silver Wyandottes, they are smallish in
size :ind have been moderate eaters throughout. An
offer of £50 for the pen has been refused.

The American competitors have amply justified
their acceptance of the committee's challenge to send
layers than those that had been tested here.
Two i I the three pens from the United Slates have
exceeded b\ 90 and 48 eggs respectively the besl re-
cord in the tirst competition, while the three have
laid in the aggregate 53 more eggs than the three
leading pens in the first test The merit of their
performance ran only be adequately gauged by those
who k;,oW in what bad condition the American hens
entered the contesl after the long voyage, and their
achievement is enhanced by the fact that mosl of the
hens moulted three times in tin. twelve mouths. Mrs.
Hansel's Leghorns are among the classic band of 200
esrg hens, and as profit givers made their <.rroat tally
of eggs on half the average quantity of food con-

sumed by the whole of the pens. Mr. Hays' White
Wyandottes have proved themselves ahead of any
pens of the breed yet tested in Australia.

The conspicuous feature of the general success of
the competition is that the production per hen in-
! from 130 to 163 eggs, as compared with the
first test N'o less than 1 5 pens eclipsed the record
of 1,113 eggs with which the Grantham Poultry
Farm won first place last year.

"The success of the competition, reports Mr.
Thompson, "augurs well for future work in connec-
tion with the improvement of the egg production of
lie Suite. This work is making good and practical
progress as a direct result of the object lessons which
these public tests afford.

"Our egg . ■ : i -LI showed an enormous increase over
that of the first competition, from the following
causes: A more favorable season, improvements in at-
tention and feeding, and last, but not least, by the
work of the competitors themselves in improving
their laying stock and in the earlier breeding and
maturity of their birds. Notwithstanding that the
aeneral average of eggs produced was so much larger
than in the first competition, and the totals of the
leaders this year are far away ahead of those of last,
it is satisfactory to note that competitors, who have
taken part in both tests with the same breed, have in
most instances improved their production. ■

"The hens have been fed on the simplest diet pos-
sible throughout the competition. The morning
meal consisted of bran and mash at 7 o'clock. The
mash was scalded with liver soup two days a week,
and on the other five days it was simply mixed with
water, the quantity given beinjr an average of about
one Imperial pint per pen, the big eaters taking con-
siderably over the pint, and the small eaters a little
under. In the afternoon, between 4 and 5 o'clock,
the hens were grain fed, one pint, more or less, ac-
cording to appetite, of crushed maize and sometimes
wheat. Cut up liver was given twice a week, at tin-
rate of about two ounces per la-ad. Shell grit was
always before them, and clean water was aivon every
morning. In the way of green food, rape was fed
for three months during the winter, when the grass
was withered. For the other nine months the only

green f 1 tin- hens got was the natural <rrass in the

pens. The rape was fed whole in the leaf, at the
rate of about a dozen leaves to a pen every second
day.

"The grain used consisted almost exclusively of
crushed maize throughout the year. Tins shows the
fallacy of the theories of most authorities in England
and Australia, who condemn maize feeding for laving

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

411

hens. Americans discovered simultaneously with
ourselves that maize is a much-neglected poultry
fo^d. The demonstration of its value is alone worth
thousands of pounds to a maize-producing State like
New South Wales. Although we fed successfully on
maize alone, we do not advocate feeding on that prin-
ciple if wheat can be as cheaply obtained. But as
soon as wheat is higher in price we have no hesitation
in using maize exclusively. At equal prices we pre-
fer its use alternately with wheat; but we prefer
good crushed maize to inferior wheat at all times.
By inferior wheat we mean any but the best milling
grain."

"The monthly laying was : April, 1,284 eggs ; May,
3,124; June, 4,821; July, 6,636; August, 8,577 ;
September, 8,476 ; October, 7,834 ; November, 6,608 ;
December, 6,249 ; January, 5,804 ; February, 5,103 ;
March, 4,056. Grand total, 68,572 eggs, or 5,714
dozen from 420 hens.

"The market value of the eggs was £373 15s 2d
($1,869), from which deduct cost of feed, £122 0s 8d
($610), and a profit of £251 14s 6d ($1,259) is
left on the cost of feed, the pen returning the smallest
value leaving a margin of 6s per hen ($1.50)."

PIP IN CHICKENS.

Editor Southern Planter:

The crust which is seen on a chicken's tongue when
it has pip, is generally taken for the disease itself,
whereas it is only a symptom of the disease. Pip
is a disease which attacks the digestive organs of
chickens, the stomach, the bowels, and it also affects
the tongue. It is generally contracted from taking
cold, improper feed, and other causes, which, to use
a popular expression, gets the stomach out of order.
In severe cases the whole body is affected, the func-
tions of all the other organs is depressed, and if the
body has not strength enough to throw off the dis-
ease the chickens will die. The tongue, on which the
disease is generally noticed, suffers from inactivity,
the superficial epidermis, which falls off continuously
in the healthy chicken, is only partly removed, hangs
on here and there, thus the saliva causes the parts to
stick together and they form a crust on the tongue.
If this becomes so thick that it interferes with the
taking of feed^ it may be removed if it can be easily
done, otherwise it is cruel to do it.

The sick chickens should be separated from the
others, kept in a dry and warm room and be given
soft lukewarm feed with a dash of a condition pow-
der. A mixture of 8 parts pulverized rhubarb, 2

ginger, 2 licorice and 2 gentian can be recommended.
The mouth should be painted twice a day with a 4-5
per cent, solution of potassium chloride. If the
chickens sneeze, let them inhale the fumes from a
few drops of tar put on a hot brick. With the ne-
cessary care and plenty of fine grit, bone, sand, etc.,
the chickens will soon be all right again.

H. WlNKELMAN.

District of Columbia.

REMEDY FOR SICK TURKEYS.

Last season, while experimenting with ailing fowls,
I discovered that spirts of turpentine is the best rem-
edy, by far, that I have ever used or ever heard of
being used for sick turkeys. The drug must be used
sparingly, for it is a strong medicine and young
turkeys are very delicate. Sometimes a little one
will tumble over after a dose has been given and
seem to be dying, but leave him alone; he will get
over the bad effect after a little while and jump up
and run away to find his mates. The next time he
is seen a great improvement will be noticed. When
a number of turkeys in one flock begin to look droopy,
the most convenient way to administer the turpentine
is to mix a little with the feed. Place before them,
when they are hungry, about ten drops to half a pint
of feed; but experience quickly teaches the practi-
tioner how to use it in the best way. If too much is
used in the feed they will refuse it. It is sometimes
necessary to catch the turkey and drop a little of the
medicine down his throat — one drop for very small
birds and two, three or four for larger ones. It is
good for them from a few days old to half grown.
It is a particularly fine remedy for the bowel trouble
that carries off so many young turkeys every year.
If intelligently used this remedy will doubtless prove
a great blessing to all who are struggling with the
problem of how to save the lives of young turkeys. —
C. Bovden. '

BEST FOR LAYING HENS.

Get ready now for a full supply of properly cured
clover or alfalfa hay for next winter. If you can-
not grow it look about you so that you can buy it.
Clover or alfalfa hay to be the best for the hens
should be cut at least a week sooner than it would
naturally be cut to be cured for hay for market. In
other words, cut early while the stems are tender.
In this way, if nicely cured, it will be green clover
or green alfalfa hay, and not dark brown or black as
it is often seen.

412

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

The Horse.

NOTES.

Secretary Percival Hicks, of the Southside Agri-
cultural Association, North, Mathews county, Va.,
bas issued prospectus of the Southside Futurity for
foals of 1904, the guaranteed value of which is $100.
The event is to be decided at the 1906 fall meeting of
this Association. Any foal owned by any citizen of
Virginia may he nominated on payment of $1.
Nominations close September 1, 1904, and 20 foals
to nominate. This stake is an indication of the in-
terest in harness horses that prevails in Mathews and
adjoining counties, and doubtless the response from
breeders there will be liberal.

j« jt j*

Two very handsome and promising yearlings are
owned by James Cox at Belgravia Farm, Mt. Jack-
son, Va., both of whom were sired by Kelly, 2 :20,
full brother to Expressive, 3, 2 :124, by Electioneer
from famous thoroughbred Esther, by Express. One
of these youngsters is a colt out of Charia, by Ax-
telloid, second dam a sister to Charlie C, 2 :13£, by
Sam Purdy, and the other is a filly from Frances S.
Dayton, 2 :27f, by Cadmus, Jr., next dam the great
brood mare Daisy Dayton. The colt is on the mare
order, and promises to develop grand size and with it
both speed and race horse quality.
j* jt j*

The fine mare, Florence Miles, 2 :21J, by Prophet
Wilkes, dam by Red Champion, owned by Free
Bridge Commissioner R. C. Broaddus, of Manches-
ter, Va., recently dropped a bay colt by Great Stakes,
l' :20, ond bred to Kelly, 2 :27, the son of Electioneer
and famous Esther. In addition to Florence Miles,
many other good mares have been mated with Kelly,
and indications are bright for the bay stallion to be
favored with the choicest lot of matrons ever sent to
the court of one horse in this section.

President J. T. Anderson, Secretary W. O. War-
then, and Manager C. W. Smith, of the Richmond
Horse Show Association, are making extensive prepa-
rations for the fourth annual exhibition, the dates of
which are October 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22d.
Entries close October 4th, or two weeks ahead of the
si io\v, and the indications are that a number of the
-i show horses in America will be seen here
then.

j* jt jt

C. A. Pusey, veteran trainer and driver, of this
city, who has brought out a number of good horses
since his first association with the Blue Bull mare,
Lona Guffin, 2 :23}, back in the early eighties, is still
in the game, and will take the brown pacing gelding,

The Spaniard, 2 :19£, by Castleton, down the line this
season. The Spaniard is entered in several import-
ant early closing events, among his engagements be-
ing the 2 :20 pace, purse $2,000, at the Narragansett
Park Grand Circuit meeting.

S S *
In Lepanto, the big, handsome son of Petoskey,
Bannister and Rhodes, of Roanoke, Va., are offering
the breeders of that section the services of a trotting
stallion whose claims should not be neglected. Pe-
toskey is standard and registered himself, and has
shown his potency in siring standard speed. As a
yearling, he swept the show ring in the Blue Grass
region of Kentucky, and while still in his colthood
was sold from there and brought East. Lepanto was
sired by Petoskey, one of the best sons of George
Wilkes, and through his dam he gets the potent thor-
oughbred blood of Lexington, a refining factor in a

number of trotting pedigrees.

„«c «■* „<

Col. Barton H. Grundy, of this city, owns a grand
looking horse in Javanais, the imported French
Coach stallion by Agnadel, dam Rapide. Javanais
was formerly owned by the Hon. Joseph C. Sibley,
one of the most advanced students of breeding in
America, who thought so highly of the brown stal-
lion that he bred many of his mares to him. The large
handsome son of Agnadel is in the stud at A. Pol-
lard's Dunraven farm, near Richmond, where he will
make the season. Upon request, either Col Grundy
or Mr. Pollard will forward an interesting stud cir-
cular of Javanais.

.* jt &

Robert Ransom. 2 :29f, the brown stallion by Gam-
betta, dam Black Maria, by C. M. Clay, Jr., bred and
owned by Joseph Lassiter, of this city, died here
recently, his death being due to an attack of acute
indigestion. Robert Ransom was foaled in 1887,
and passed the greater part of his life in the stud.
Jt j» Jt

C. Klocke, of Woodville Farm, Crewe, Va., has
lost by death from influenza the brown stallion
Northwood, by Norfolk, dam Maggie A., by Chos-
rnes. This horse had recently been purchased by
Mr. Klocke from Joseph Lassiter, of this city.
Northwood was bred by the late H. C. Chamblin, at
Whitby Farm.

Robert Bradley has leased to Boiling Island,
Stokes, Va., the handsome thoroughbred stallion Ray
S.. by imp. Speculator, dam Helianthus, by Hyder
Ali. lie will be used mostly as a sire of hunters and
junipers, for which he seems well fitted, having fine
size, good muscular development, and an even temper.

Broad Rock.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

413

Miscellaneous.

ON WHAT DOES THE FERTILITY OF A SOIL
DEPEND?

Editor Southern Planter:

It is a well known fact that the crops which a soil
under general farming conditions profitably produces
are limited to certain crops for each soil. We speak
of wheat soils, rye and barley soils, of potato and
•sugar beet soils, etc., with the understanding that
these soils are especially adapted to producing these
crops, and that these crops are the leading crops for
•those soils, and on which the farmer can depend.
With manure and fertilizers we can increase the
yield of crops, but we cannot change the adaptiveness
of a soil for certain crops — that is to sav, we cannot
change a rye or barley soil into a whwat soil or a
potato into a sugar beet soil, though under very
favorable conditions a satisfactory yield of these
crops may, off and on, generally once in a rotation be
obtained.

The better yield of one or two crops on a soil, over
all other crops, all the properties of the soil being rep-
resented so to speak in that crop, has been used
abroad to classify the soils according to crops. It is
something permanent, not subject to changes, for
even the poorest treatment of a soil, though it may
.considerably reduce the yield of that crop, does not
rob the soil of its adaptness for it.

The yield of crops, good physical conditions pro-
vided, is generally attributed to the difference in the
amount of plant food. There is no doubt that the
rich diked marsh soils bordering the North Sea, con-
tain more plant food than most upland soils, and a
clay soil more than a sandy soil. But this does not
explain why a sandy soil, if it is provided with all
the plant food the loam and clay soil possesses, does
not produce the crops indigenous to these soils. It
occurred to me that whilst the larger quantities of
plant food applied to sandy soils on farms with a
very intensive management were entirely insuffi-
cient compared with those contained in the clay and
better loam soil, possibly by doubling or tripling the
quantity the crops could be grown. Experiments
which I undertook to test this showed that I was mis-
taken. It then occurred to me, that possibly the in-
ability of sandy soils to produce the crops was prob-
ably due to the inability of the plants heretofore
grown on heavier soils, to take up food on sandy
: soils. Owing to the greater fineness of the prevail-

ing clay soil grains on the heavier soils the roots
would come in contact in the heavier soils with a
greater number of soil grains, and it would prob-
ably be necessary for plants to adapt their root sys-
tem to the coarser and therefore less numerous grains
of the sandy soils before the plants could take up the
food contained in these soils. But, as I will show
later on, this also proved to be wrong. I was then
almost ready to give up the problem when I thought
of one more explanation. Was it not possible that
the poor growth of crops indigenous on heavy soils
if grown on sandy soils, however well they were fer-
tilized, was due to the inability of the soil grains to
supply the plants with food? Was it not possible
that plants could take up food, with the exception of
nitrogen, from the soil grains only, that the grains
must contain the food, and that the applied food must
first enter into an available compound with the soil
grains before it could be taken up ? And was it not
also possible that if the applied food could not do
this, due to the chemical composition of the soil
grains, that it could not be taken up at all by the
plants, no matter how much of it was preserved in
the soil?

To test this to see if the quality of the soil grains
would influence the assimilating of food by plants in
the presence of large quantities of it, I selected a
gray loamy sand, which heavily manured, would pro-
duce a poor crop of red clover only. For improving
the quality of the soil grains I selected a very stiff
red clay, and for decreasing the quality, quartz flour.
The check soil after it was mixed in certain propor-
tion with the clay and quartz flour, was filled in
eight inch pots, ten pounds in each pot. The soils
were mixed in the following proportions :

Pot 1. 9 pounds check soil, 1 pound clay.

Pot 2. 94 pounds check soil, one-half pound clay.

Pot 3. 10 pounds check soil.

Pot 4. 9£ pounds check soil, one-half pound quartz
flour.

Pot 5. 9 pounds check soil, 1 pounds quartz flour.

To the pots containing the clay were added 40
grams dry cattle manure, 15 grams lime, and to each
of the other three pots, 3, 4 and 5, in addition, 3
grams hardwood ashes, 100 c.c. of a very rich liquid
manure. These quantities correspond approximately
for the two pots to the following quantities per acre:
1 2 tons manure, 2,000 pounds lime, and for the three
pots in addition 400 pounds hardwood ashes, 700

414

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

gallons liquid manure, more than sufficient to pro-
duce a good crop of clover.

When the soil had been mixed, the lime and ash
was added, and the soil kept moist for four -weeks to
give the lime time to act. The manure was then
applied and also given four weeks time to decom-
pose. The liquid manure was finally added, and
two days later red clover sown. The pots were kept
in the cool part of a green house approaching out-
door conditions. The result was:

Pot 1. One pound clay, extra fine clover.

Pot 2. One-half pound clay, fire clover.

Pot 3. Check soil, poor clover.

Pot 4. One-half pound quartz flour, poorer clover.

Pot 5. One pound quart flour, very poor clover.
Plants came up and stood still, some died out.

The results of this experiment are very interesting
in so far as they show that plants can be surrounded
by large quantities of easily available plant food and
still suffer from want of food, because the conditions
are such that the plants cannot take it up. The re-
sults indicate that plants take up food from the soil
grains only, that the soil grains therefore must con-
tain the food the plants need and that the applied
unnatural food will only benefit the plants if it can
enter with a sufficient number of the soil grains into
the available food the growing crop needs. The soil
grains may contain food and the applied mineral
food may combine with the soil grains, foods which
will produce good yields of probably half a dozen
other crops, but if the soil grains, directly or indi-
rectly, cannot supply the growing plants with the
proper food, the plants will make a poor crop only.
We know that some soils produce a splendid crop of
rye, but a poor crop of wheat ; that good pea are poor
bean soils, and that the best potato soils seldom pro-
duce good beets.

The experiment also shows that tbe fertility of
soils increases with the increasing number of clay
grains, the most profitable percentage varying, how-
ever, witb the quality of the other soil grains, with
the climate, the altitude and general farming con-
ditions. The profitable limit is generallv reached
with the beginning difficulty in tilling the soil, or
keping it in a good physical condition, and in the
resistance it gives to the development of tbe weaker
rooted plants. It is, however, not always the soils
which contain the greatest number of clay grains,
though they are the most fertile, that are also the
most profitable. In some soils the different kinds
of grains, clay, silt, sand, are so well balanced that
they produce certain crops of such superior quality

and of such large yields that the profits derived from
these crops compare very favorably with those of the
more fertile soils. That there is a difference in tbe
amount of available mineral matter in different soils
is shown by the application of highly nitrogenous
fertilizing material. On heavy soils richer min-
eral food, and larger quantities of nitrogen can be ap-
plied with better results than on the lighter soils.
Xitrogen food on these soils unbalances the mineral
food, causing a rank growth of the stems and vines
and an inferior quality of growth of grain and seed,
which often even applications of mineral food cannot
always overcome. As the applied nitrogen is taken
up directly by the plants and the mineral food in-
directly has first to combine with the soil grains, the
different effect is easily understood.

Whether well decomposed organic matter can take
the place of soil grains in supplying plants with food,
only to a certain extent, or if it is only beneficial to
the soil as a source of carbonic acid and nitrogen, in
making the soil loose and porous and increasing its
water holding power, remains to be seen. To judge
from the vegetation on peat bogs, where we are able
to increase and change this vegetation by manuring
and fertilizing, it seems that decomposed organic
matter can take the place of soil grains. The crops
which can be grown on well decomposed peat are,
however, comparatively few. The hay, straw and
grain is of a very inferior quality, poor in sugar and
starch, very light weighted and'possesses little feed-
ing value.

I have, of course, no proof that plants can take up
food from the soil grains only. But the results of
the experiment, as well as the daily experience of
thousands of farmers show, that the fertility of a soil
increases with the increasing qualitv of the soil
grains. A sufficient percentage of the soil grains
must possess the food the growing crop needs or
have the ability to combine with the applied min-
eral food to supply the kind of food the crop needs.
If the soil grains, due to their chemical nature, can-
not do this, or not in sufficient quantities, the crop
cannot be profitably grown, no matter how much
mineral food is applied to the soil.

Disfrut of Columbia. H. Wixkelmax.

HAWKS AND CROWS.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the if ay number you and Dr. Snead take issue
on the status of the crow. The Doctor has it in for
Mr. Crow all right, but he is not a good prosecuting

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

415

attorney, as in indicting said crow he loses sight of
the worst count against him — viz. : the constant busi- 1
ness of the crow is to destroy eggs and young birds!
(most country people know this and any one can sat-
isfy himself of the fact by a little observation). If
one crow destroys 50 Robin, Wren and Blue bird eggs i
in a season, where does his usefulness as a grub de-
stroyer come in ? That is the trouble with the crow.
These birds eat more insects than the crow, and do
no barm whatever. If the only harm the crow did
was to steal a few chicks or pull up some corn, I
agree with yon that he would more than pay for it.
But the crows are increasing in number very rapidly
here, and our song and insectiverous birds are on the
decrease owing to the crow, assisted by the blue jay,
the grey squirrel and the English sparrow, that dirty
pest that has driven our song birds from our yards,
where they used to build for protection. You give
figures showing contents of stomachs of owls, hawks
and crows, but you do not say at what time of year
those hawks were killed. The varieties of hawks
that kill chickens do so early and late in the season
and seldom catch a chick when grasshoppers .ire
plentiful. The Department of Agriculture is great,
but it makes some serious mistakes, as witness She
introduction of the English sparrow and German
carp in this country. Though to be honest, I don't
know that the Agricultural Department did introduce
the English sparrow. (It did not. — Ed.) But some
"wise acre" did so to "destroy grub worms," etc.

You advocate planting cow peas in corn. Will
you kindly tell me in your next issue if peas planted
in corn at last working will keep until the corn and
provender can be hauled in. I wish to sow my corn
field in peas and turn in hogs when I get the corn
out, provided the peas will not rot by that time. I
will not be able to gather them. I planted peas and
also sorghum two years ago in rows two and one-half
feet, as you advocate in last Planter, one peck will
plant an acre and make more both peas and vines
than one bushel sowed. Also I made a heavy crop
sowing half a bushel to the acre. H. Compton.

Prince George Co., Md.

In our remarks on Dr. Snead's article in the May
issue we were only able to speak generally as to the
food of the crows, as at the time we wrote we were
unable to put our hands on the official reports. We
have since placed our hands on them, and quote as
follows : "The adult American crow is vegetarian to
the extent of two-thirds of its diet, and half of the
vegetable food consists of grain. But nestling crows
consume large quantities of cut worms, grasshoppers,

May beetles, both larval and adult, thus rendering
considerable more service to agriculture than the
adult birds. In fact, the quantity of insect pests
they consume exceeds in volume more than two to
one the corn they take." The data indicate that the
service of the nestling crow blackbirds in destroying
insect pests, such as cut worms, May beetles, weevils
and gi*asshoppers far oiitweighs the loss due to its
consumption of corn. As to the English sparrow.
We are not willing that even this bird should be left
without defence. Whilst the old birds are no doubt
largely vegetarian in diet, yet the nestlings are in-
sectiverous to the extent of more than half their food.
The quantity of insects, worms and grubs which a
pair of old sparrows will feed to their many broods
in one season is enormous. As to the crime of driv-
ing away native birds, this we believe to be much
exaggerated. The greatest enemy of all our birds is
the boy (white and black) with a gun. He kills in-
discriminately all birds and animals he can, and those
he does not kill, he drives away. There ought to be
a tax on every gun, and then we would soon have
plenty of birds, notwithstanding the sparrow.- — Ed.

THE PROPOSED AGRICULTURAL BUILDING AT
THE VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (AG-
RICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE).

Editor Southern Planter:

It will be remembered by the readers of the
Planter that I have had considerable to say about
the importance of having a good agricultural build-
ing at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (State Agri-
cultural and Mechanical College). I am glad
to report that such a building is now within sight,
but when it will be completed is not definitely known,
certainly not as soon as we had hoped. In a recent
interview with the president, Dr. J. M. McBryde, I
was informed that the proposed building would cost
thirty-five thousand dollars. This is fifteen thou-
sand less than we hoped to see put into such a build-
ing, but it is fifteen thousand more than the Board
at first asked the Legislature for wherewith to build
such a building. Whether "airing the subject" a
little in the Planter helped to increase the Board's
appreciation of the subject of agriculture at this In-
stitution or not, I know not, still we are glad to get
the fifteen thousand additional. It should be stated
also that Dr. McBryde informed me that by using his
own superintendent, plumber and electric light ex-
pert, he could add ten thousand more to the building,

416

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

which would make the building be worth about forty-
five thousand dollars.

As in addition to the Agricultural and Horticultu-
ral Department we learn that the departments of Vet-
erinary Science and Entomology are to be provided
with accommodation in the building we repeat our
former statement, that thirty-five thousand dollars is
not enough. But we are informed that this sum was
all the Board asked the Legislature to give for such a
building, and the Legislature gave every cent asked
for. Xow, if a decent building worthy the interests
it will represent cannot be put up and be properly
equipped for all these departments for this sum, it is
very easy to place the responsibility. The farmers
want the short course in agriculture, and this course
ought to draw, in a few years, one hundred men.

It is intended to make the building a substantial
stone structure, with modern improvements. The
site selected is a commanding one, with ample room
for additional buildings. The school of agriculture
has waited nearly twenty years for such a building,
and the "long felt want" will, we hope, now soon be
met The Experiment station work has been largely
side tracked and the farmers of the State have been
calling for more and better station work, but have
not been boisterous or impatient. Now, we want
to see things "wake up and move out" along this
line. We want to see good laboratories for scien-
tific investigation, as well as large rooms for class
instruction. Serious problems of far-reaching im-
portance now confront many Virginia farmers. How
to improve most economically the worn soil that has
become thin by continuous cropping, bow to make
farm labor remunerative, and the farm laborers con-
tented. These and many more problems are of vital
importance to the future welfare of the State. Let
us build for the future. R. H. Peice.

Montgomery Co., Va.

THE VIRGINIA CORN EXHIBIT AT THE LOUISIANA
PURCHASE EXPOSITION, ST. LOUIS, 1904.

Editor Southern Planter:

As previously noted in your journal, the Virginia
Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition,
as a stimulus for a fine corn exhibit, offered $120 in
premiums, as follows :

$50 for the best collection of ten or more varieties
collected and sent in from any one county.

$30 for the second best collection of ten or more
varieties collected and sent in from any one county.

$20 for the third best collection of ten or more va-
rieties collected and sent in from any one county.

$20 for the best 100 ears sent in by any grower in
the State.

On March 1st a committee consisting of Mr. W.
P. Wood, of T. W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen, Mr.
Howard Swineford, of Chesterfield county, and Hon.
D. A. Slaughter, of Culpeper county, met at the
Commission ware rooms, No. 14 Governor street,
Richmond, Va., and made the following awards:

$50 for the best collection of corn, to J. Houston
Leech, who collected and sent in from Rockbridge
county between 35 and 40 samples of corn.

$30 for second best collection of corn, to E. M.
Minnick, who collected and sent in from Rocking-
ham county between 20 and 25 samples of corn.

The $20 for the third best collection had no entry,
and in view of the long list and magnificent exhibit
sent in by contestants for the best 100 ears prize, the
committee recommended that this $20 be made into
a second, third and fourth prize, in the sums of $10
for the second, and $5 for the third and fourth, and
be added to the prize list in the 100 ear contest, this
recommendation was approved, and the awards were
made as follows:

First prize of $20 was awarded to Wilson Whit-
more, of Red Mills, Rockbridge county, on 100 ears
of Red Warrior corn.

Second prize of $10 was awarded to Mrs. A. C.
Bransford, of Shirley, Va., on 100 ears of white corn.

Third prize of $5 was awarded to Mrs. W. T.
Sutherlin, Danville, Va., on 100 ears white corn.

Fourth prize of $5 was awarded to S. A. Ryman,
Timberville, Rickingham county, on 100 ears of Yel-
low Dent corn.

These prizes were contested for from all over the
State, there being over 100 entries in the 100 ear
contest, and in reaching a decision the committee had
a most arduous task, which they discharged in the
most conscientious manner, repeatedly comparing
rival samples to remove all doubt as to which was
best, and their final verdict was that the whole collec-
tion was one that reflected great credit upon the State.

All corn that was sent in unwrapped is being care-
fully gone over and wrapped in paper, so as to be
shipped to St. Louis in good condition, to be exhibited
in the producer's name, which list of names will also
be furnished the exposition authorities at St. Louis,
so that they may appear in the official catalogue.

In closing, I beg, in behalf of the Commission, to
thank the Virginia corn growers for their cordial co-
operation. Very truly,

Geo. E. Mueeell,
Superintendent Virginia Commission to the Louis-
iana Purchase Exposition.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southeen Plantee.

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

417

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING GOMPT.

RICHMOND, VA.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Bosinem Mi»um.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.
Rate card furnlahed •* applicative.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is malle* to
•ubecribere In the United States and Cauda
at 60c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 75c.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
OfBce te which your paper Is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this Is done.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription Is paid.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
nuirles will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should bo made direct t«
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When
made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Oralns,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivatioa are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not bo
furnished other papers until after they have
appeared In our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at oace.

AddreBS THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond
Va., as second-class matter.

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Rotation of Crops 397

Curing Clover Hay 397

Bermuda Grass 398

Grass for Name 398

Best Laying Hens — Peas and Sor-
ghum— Cow Pea — Storing Tur-
nips— Profitable Crops for Late

Sowing — Beet Cutter 398

Applying Nitrate of Soda — Irish

Potatoes 398

Celery Growing — Irish Potatoes.. 399
Vinegar Making — Sowing Alfalfa. 399

Wolf Teeth in Horses 399

Worms in Turkeys 399

Lime— Alfalfa 399

Vinegar Making — Tanning a Hide. 400
Abnormal Growth of Irish Pota-
toes 400

Hogs in Orchard — Fertilizer for

Beans — Dairy Cow 400

Preparation for Corn Crop 400

Poultry House 401

Salt 401

Obstructed Teat of Cow 401

Canning Snaps and Tomatoes 401

Destroying Horns by Caustic 401

Cow Peas for Hay 401

TO ADVERTISERS.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of hav-
ing all advertisements, no matter
whether new or change of copy,
in our office by the 24th of each
month. Advertising forms close
on the 25th. We are compelled to
leave a number of advertisements
out of each issue because they are
received too late.

Whose Money?

On April 5th, we received a
fifty cent piece in one of our self-
addressed envelopes, without any
evidence of who the sender is. As
near as we can decipher it, the post
mark is Blacksburg, Va. We can-
not, of course, give any one credit
until we know who sent the monev.

BACK NUMBERS.

In our last issue we advertised
for back numbers of the Sotjth-
een Planter and responses to
the ad were so numerous that we
readily secured all we needed, for
which we are very much obliged to
the various senders.

Numbers of our readers did not
comply with the terms of this ad
and sent us their whole volume
for 1903 without our asking for
them. The packages we could
identify we promptly returned,
but we have still others on hand
yet that we are unable to identify.

We simply publish this notice
by way of acknowledging the kind-
ness of our subscribers and to not-
ify others that we have their pa-
pers, which we do not need and
do not know to whom to return
them.

She: Oh! Mr. Borem, how do you
do? I was talking to Mrs. Nexdore just
now and I couldn't help thinking of
you.

He: And was she discussing me?

She: Not exactly. She was com-
menting on the weather, and just asked
me if I could imagine anything more
tiresome and disagreeable.

T. W. WOOD & SONS

Are Headquarters For

Cow Peas

and

Soja Beans

Cow Peas make a large yielding
and most nutritious hay crop even
on poor or medium land, and the
roots and stubble plowed under
improves both the condition and
productiveness of the soil leaving
it in much better condition than
before the crop was grown.

Mammoth Yellow Soja Beans
unquestionably make the richest
and most nutritious feed crop
grown on the farm. Equally valu-
able grown either as a hay crop or
for the beans. Better than linseed
or cotton seed meal for fattening
stock.

Full information about these valuable

crops in Wood's Seed Book for 1904.

Write for it and Special Price

List ol Seasonable Seeds.

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND - VIRGINIA.

DWkb GMff ILFILHT

If you will use Bacteria from Ewell Farm
enough soil to infect one acre for one dollar.

Write for circular.

Address GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Hill, Tenn.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by D. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment

Stations, I'ln.seoapisa Fertiliz.-r :i?m .'11 as an ln-rrti-
rnli-. Mtlb. ki-:;s, 52.50; 10o-lb. kens, S4.-""; half barrel,
2701b.. 3jc per lb; barrel, 425 lb., .lb.-, M-n.l r.ir .-ireulars
J.HlfSinill!.. Original MuLir. l-u""0-
et. Philadelphia, Pa.

939-41 N'. Fr

WILL

EXCHANGE

One handsome dark red GAME COCK, "war
Horse" breed, for three pure-bred one year
old barred Plymouth Rock hens. This strain
of chickens has been bred and kept pure by
Mr. James Norwood for fifty years. If not
satisfactory will pay express charges both
ways. W. B. MEARES, Hillsboro, N. C.

I

FRAZER

AX'C UlCaSC the world.
Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bis. any ether brand,
Not affected by heat. *»"Get the Genuine.
TOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.
■

418

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[June,

THE MIETZ 4 WEISS

Oil and Gas Engine

Stationary & Marlnu From 1-flO II. P.

(CONSTANT THRUST).

Adapted by the U. S. and Foreign Govern-

me>U.

Runs with common
Kerosene, lM^tillate or
Fuel oil.

No dangerous Gaso-
lene used.

It will pay you to
consult me before
placing your order
elsewhere.

For Pumplnj
trie lighting. Charging
stnniKe Hatterles, and
all other Power Pur-
pi ises.

DIRECT COUPLED OR BELTED DYNAMO;
Highest Award for Direct Coupled En-
gine and Dynamo, Paris Exposition,
1900: Gold Medal, Pan-American Expo-
sition, 1901; Gold Medal, Charles-
ton, S. C, Exposition, 1902.
Hoists, Marine Engines I'um s, Air Com-
pressors. Portable Ontflta, nynaraos.
A. MIETZ. 128-138 Mott St., New York, U.S.A.
Bead (or Catalogue, Department 37.

The FARQUHAR Rake
SEPARATOR

Threshes and <-le;uin all kinds of grain,

wheat, oa!M, i tr., perfectly. Built for steam

r hone power. Litflit running and simple.

STEEL

ROOPINO,
ETC.

STEEL FENCINQ.

Heebner's Ensilage Cutter

Heobnor & Son., 2S Broad St., L.m

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

Mr. W. B. Meares has a couple of ads
in this number to which we invite at-
tention.

Mr. B. B. Buchanan, owner of the
Oaks Stork Farm, is offering his place
for sale in this issue.

Farms of all sizes in Southside Vir-
ginia are advertised by Mr. L. H. Yan-
cey.

The Peterson Mfg. Co. offers its well
known Imperial Clod Crusher and
Pulverizer in this number.

St. Albans School has a very attrac-
tive card on another page. We suggest
that parents send for prospectus of
this splendid academy before sending
their boys elsewhere.

Some very fine Poland China hogs
are offered by Mr. E. T. Robinson,
Lexington, Va.

Shropshire sheep can be had of Mr.
A. S. Craven. Refer to his ad in an-
other column.

Some good stock at low prices can
be bought of Rev. S. S. Hepburn. Look
up his announcement elsewhere.

A new advertiser in this issue is
the Beechenbrook Stock Farm, of
which Mr. Williamson Talley is pro-
prietor. Choice Berkshires are the
offering this month.

Some finely bred Aberdeen Angus
cattle are offered by Rear Admiral B.
F. Day. Look up his ad on another
page.

Our readers have an opportunity of
purchasing some fine Berkshires of
Glenburn Farm. Note the ad. on an-
other page.

O. I. C. hogs are offered elsewhere
in this issue by F. S. Michie. His
prices and breeding are right.

Among the new advertisers in this
issue are J. J. Koger & Sons. Their
well drilling outfits can be had at rea-
sonable prices.

Mr. J. S. Funk, of Glen Farm, Is
offering Polled Durham cattle. Shrop-
shire sheep, and Poland China hogs
in this issue.

The Hurst Mfg. Co. is offering a
sprayer, which is well worth investi-
gating.

Some nice Hereford youngsters can
be had of W. J. McCandless.

Parties having a desirable stock
farm for sale will do well to refer to
the ad of F. W. Meyer.

Poland Chinas and Shropshires are
the offering of J. F. Durrette this
month.

P. M. Funkhouser is offering some
of his finely bred Chester Whites.

Shorthorn cattle, White Yorkshire
hogs are advertised by Mr. J. M. Hoge.

Some very fine Collie pups are the
offering of Mr. A. P. White, Jr. He
has the blood of J. Pierpont Morgan's
$3,000 dog in his kennels.

The Maplewood herd of Berkshires
is making a bid for the patronage of
our readers. Messrs. J. F. Tucker &
Sons, the owners, would like to talk
Berkshires to Interested parties.

Note the change in the Bowmont
Farm ad this month. Bowmont Is of

Wagon Box and Rack

20th

CENTURY

One of the most convenient, useful, and labor-?

lable for hauling corn, potatoes, wood,

stock, etc. Ev suspending canvas or muslin from
top, inside, will hold 100 bushels of bulk grain.

SIDES CAN BE LOWERED INSTANTLY

And it becomes a solid rack for hauling hay. straw.
Cod ler. eheaf wheat etc., with ample strength and
capacity for three tons. Very convenient for
husking corn with side lowered as shown in cut.
Made lffeet long and regular widths. Sold direct
to farmers at manufacturers' prices, freight pre-
paid. Write for Catalogue and prices.
MODEL MFG. CO. Box Muncie, Ind.

THEIMPR0VE0

Chambariin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A.

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day
Clears all stumps In a circle of 160 ft. without
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mlg. Co., 413 17th St.. Centrevllle. Iowa.

Running Streams

■1 force their own waters or ivater from
ings to your buildings, fields or storage
ks, any height or distance with the

pjX-Hydraulic
rUlC Engine.

m, Tb. po.„ tb.r. ..." r^wllV

RIFE ENCINE CO., 126 Liberty Street, New York.

It You Have Not Been Able to Get a

Hydraulic Pump or Ram

and are in need of one, we are just introducing
our new atandand HYDRAULIC PUMPS, the
Bimpleat, beat, cheapest and moat convenient in
every way, and you can secure one at cost by
writing the

STANDARD HYDRAULIC PUHP CO.,

YOU CAN MAKE S3 TO $10 A DAV

.-^<<^^r>~^ Fitting glasses for us. Big proiits

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

419

DE LOACH PAT.

Variable Friction Feed

F/rrarm?

Save Power and Repairs. Make Smooth Lumber.
(Suited to -1 H. P. up— tor the farmer or the lum-
ber man. Also shingle Mills, Lath Mills. Buhr
Mills. Pinners and Hay Presses. Catalog FREE.

DeLOACH PAT.

TRIPLEX HAY BALER. SELF-FEEDER. LOW IN PRICE
For Hand, Horse or Belt Power. Leverage 40 to 1
Bales quicker, easier and rao-e solid than any
oiher- Also tirindlng Mills. Water Wheels, Etc.
120 limrty st. D E LO A C H M I LL M FG , CO.
»iw yobk. Box 600 Atlanta. Ga. st. lou.b

J»

DEDERICK'S

STEEL

CASE
POWER
PRESS

mm

sarewillingto operate this
iress alongside any othe
press in the world— CUS- 1
toraer to ke--p press I
helikesbest. Wri

x^ Red Ripper

Saves Time, Labor and Money

HAY

PRESS

THE RED RIPPER is the strongest,
simplest and most durable hay press on
the market ; requires only one horse to
operate; capacity, 15 to 20 full size bales
(75 to 100 pounds) per hour. Costs less
than any other good press and does more
and better work than most presses cost-
in:; live times as much.

Write tor Free Illustrated Booklet.
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena, Ga

CHAMPION^t^^

and HAT PRESS

At it for 30 years and right up-to-date.
Presses of every style and for every pur-
pose. If wanting a Baling Press write to

BALES "TKA HAY

Our catalogue gives valuable pointers about Press <
tion and operation. Our 37 years' experience make the Gen
and Victor Presses most durable, easily operated and leaste
Send postal for bo. .1 el Q- I If I 1 I. ( p.. Qnlncr. lit.

course headquarters for Jerseys and in
addition it has a splendid offering of
the spring litters of Yorkshire pigs.

Dorset sheep and Hereford cattle
of good breeding can be had at reason-
able prices of H. Armstrong.

Warner's Correspondence School has
a card in another column to which we
invite attention.

Annefield Farms are always ready
to talk Herefords and Berkshires.

The Gibson & Lamb Co. say they are
interesting numbers of our readers in
their disinfectants and Lice Killer.
We invite attention to their ad.

Mention The Sotjthebn Planteb
when corresponding with advertisers.

BEST PART OF A HOG.

George S. Ham, of Cartersville, Ga.,
tells a good story on himself.

"I was at a little old-fashioned town
in the southern part of my State some
time ago," he said, "where they didn't
know that Lee had surrendered. 1
was shown to my room in the little inn
they called 'the hotel,' by an old uncle
who shuffled as he walked and whose
scant locks were as white as the cotton
he was evidently used to picking. In
a place like this town every one you
meet wants to know your name and
takes great interest in your personal
history and business. The old uncle
deposited my suit case, and before he
turned to go I asked him to fetch a
pitcher of water. 'All right, boss,' he
said, 'whut mought yo' name be?'

"I laughingly told him it was Ham —
'just remember the best part of the
hog.' I said, 'and you'll have it. He
shuffled off down the hall and I had
just about dozed into the land of nod
when I was brought back to conscious-
ness by a sharp rap at the door and
heard the old man say:

" 'Heah's yo' water, Marse Chit-
lin's.' " — Louisville Herald.

A NEW ELDORADO.
A Scotch potato breeder has pro-
duced a new variety that has recently
sold at astonishing prices, 'fen small
potatoes in one sale brought an aver-
age of $48.66 apiece. At another sale
at which 14 potatoes were sold the
average was $88.21, one choice speci-
man weighing ten ounces selling at
$238.46. This potato is called the
Eldorado, and from the standpoint of
its originator it seems to be well
named. It is claimed to be an extreme-
ly hardy variety and immune to the
diseases which are incident to the
moist climate of England. The prices
paid for specimens are the result of a
corner of the seed supply, which is
closely held by the originator and a
few others who hope to produce large
quantities of seed to sell to the public
at high figures. Similar speculations
recorded in history have benefitted no-
body but the few speculators. Practi-
cal potato growers can afford to wait
a few years for seed rather than pay
extravagant prices for it. There will
be plenty of Eldorados after a while,
and we have some very good varieties
now — maybe better than it is.

ELECTRIC TBI

ide tires and dur

ritten all over it. llon"t be talked
i interior, lot thewupon that lasts.
>f Electric Sleel Whe

'-back guarantee. Their
^aviim hi time, la l,or. horse rk-sb
and repair bills ^ ill pa\ i . i r 1i.i,i
in a single year Hore than a
million and a nj arter in use. All
we o,k is a ehanee to tell you
more n bout them. Drop us a line,
well d" the rest, ratal, a free.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,
Box 146 Qulncy, III.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

I >en.i ( Hussy » heel.. sceel Tire on, . *?.85

h Rubher Tiles, $15.00. I nirg. wheeln % u>4ia.

..Id. Top Bucsies. SZ8.75 ; Harness, $3 60- «'rite for

catalogue. Learn h. . w a, l.uv v.l.i -l^s ■, a.1 parts direct.

lbr.-lla r REE.W. V. liOOB,Clncini.«ti,0.

FARMERS

THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER Is used
and recommended on the Test Farms of the
United States, Virginia, North Carolina, and
Illinois. It is a strong windlass, weighing
three pounds. Saves labor. Prevents shocks
falling. Keeps shocks dry Inside. Sent by
express prepaid for $1.50. Write for free
circular with testimonials and directions for
cutting and shocking corn. Agents wanted.
FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER CO., Christie,
Va.

„ IT YOUR IDEAS

SI 00,000 offered for one in

vention; $8,500 for another

-.5Pok ".How to Obtain a Patent"

1" What to Invent "sent free. Send

ig-h sketch for free report as to

patentability. We advertise your

patent for sale at our expense.

CHANDLEE S CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney*

976 f Street, Washington, 0. C.

j& ROOFING TIN j&

Iron and paper rooting, nails, builder's hard-
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon
goods, paints and oils, cook and heating stoves,
guns, pistols, rifles, "Robin Hood" loaded shell!.
Do you use any of the above? Write us.

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., ffcZiStf:

WARRINER5
-ft CHAIN HANGING
k , J STANCHION.

COMFORTABLE.

MFG.BYW.B.CRUMB,Farestville.LONN.

SECRET

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMERS
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly lick,
$20 weekly accident and $2,000 death benelt,
and $50 old age pension. Organizers waited;
good pay. KNIOHTS OF AGRICULTURE,
Washligton, D. C.

420

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[June,

HURSTS
POTATO! TRUCK

SPRAYER

SPRATS EVERYTHING— TREES, POTA-
TOES, TRUCK, ORCHARDS, or anything
requiring spraying. Rows, 4 at a time, 20
acres per day. Even 2 acre growers say:
"Pays itself first season." County Agents
controlling territory make $15 to $20 per day.
First order (where no agent) secures Dealer's
price and Agency; or will ship on 10 days
free trial at regular price.

Write TO-DAY. Adv. won't appear again.
H. L. HURST, Mfg. Co., Dept. 2, Canton, O.

. AskYour F SPRAY PUMPS

lOEALER f> l)MHl.l;;-ArtinB Lift.
R Power, laukund Spray

r pumps

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S! MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A fire Insurance Association for farmer. «f

Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1SUS; amount li
sured January 9, 1904. $370,000; policies «<•
cured by real and personal property, est!
mated value, $1,000,000. For further lnforma-
tlon address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .
tther Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustln

Water Problem Solved.

s Roger Well Drilling Kaohlne
It. The farmers1 friend, Bi-
lly for domestic well making.
Oheapeal bj half ami the
iiioM practical of any.
Kcsi money mak-
er on the market.
Catalogue free.

J.J. KOOER& SONS,
Mooreiburg, Tenn.

MAGAZINES.

Although Tho Century for June Is
a Western number, five Presidents of
the United States figure in it: Wash-
ington, in Dr. Mitchell's "autobio-
graphical" narrative; Jefferson, in a
portrait by Kosciuszko, and an auto-
graph letter, now first published, giv-
ing a forecast of the value of the Lou-
isiana Purchase; Lincoln, in an article
on his first lawsuit, with autograph
documents; Mr. Cleveland, in a short
contribution by himself, "A Word for
Forestry"; and Mr. Roosevelt, in an
article by Gifford Pinchot, "The New
Hope for the West," in which inciden-
tally the President's record on forestry
and irrigation is set forth. For the
rest, with two or three exceptions, the
contributions are all from beyond the
Alleghanies, and every State and Ter-
ritory is represented, either by the
writer or by material of special local
interest.

Other features of general interest
are: "Attractive Features of the St.
Louis Exposition," by its President,
David R. Francis; "The Conclusion of
the Louisiana Purchase Treaty," two
pictures by Andre Castaigne; "The
Vitality of Mormonism," by Ray Stan-
nard Baker; 'The Asiatic Trade of
Our Pacific States," by Harvey W.
Scott; "The Master Plowman of the
West," i. e., the gopher, text and pic-
tures by Ernest Thompson Seton; "A
Curious Minnesota Romance," by
Archer Butler Hulbert, of Ohio, giving
fully and authoritatively the facts re-
lating to a supposed heir to the Ser-
vian throne now living in Minnesota.

The fiction in the June Century is
particularly representative of the west-
ern half of the country. It includes:
"The Missing Chord," a story of Texas
by O. Henry, formerly a resident of
Texas; "Grandmama," a tale of Lou-
isiana in the old days, by Grace King
of New Orleans; "By the Terrors of
the Law," a story of Arkansas by Oc-
tave Tha'het, a winter resident of that
State; "The Desperation of Mr. Boone
Spivey," a story of the Tennessee
mountains by Alice MacGowan of
Chattanooga; "The Sectional House,"
a Stocktonesque tale of Iowa by Ellis
Parker Butler of that State; "The
Quality of Mercy," a story of the In-
dian Territory by John M. Oskison,
long a resident of Vinita; two short
stories of Oklahoma by Hamlin Gar-
land of Wisconsin; "A Pilgrim in the
Wilderness," a tale of the new West,
with typical scenes in Kansas, Colo-
rado, Wyoming and Idaho, by William
Allen White of Emporia; "The Last
Protest," a story of Montana by Henry
Oyen, now of Chicago; "The Problem
of Lisbeth." a story of the Washing-
ton hop-fields by Ada Woodruff Ander-
son of Seattle; "Cecila the Pharisee,"
the first of a group of "Stories of the
Nevada Madigans," by Miriam Michel-
fcon of San Francisco; the continuation
of "The Sea-Wolf," by Jack London of
California; and last, a story of trans-
Western travel entitled "Passing the

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

^r==^ i Clark's Rev. Bush Plow and Harrow

™*-K -^___ cms k track ;. ft. wide, 1 ft.
rj.-?^"*-^L5~^\'_ k deep. Connects the sub-
^JrW^SX^SK'.ar-sai 'ol1 water. It Is tin ex-
4 cellent machine for
< covering In sugar cane.
( Strength guaranteed.
* Can plow a newly cut
' forest, stump, bush, or
•jog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Double Action Cutaway
Harrow moves 15,000 tons off

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

,1-Jfrn, ■■ . Made single or double.
r^_Lr~ ' -ry>'»j One or two furrows five
f^cp\r<~'* ^^t0 ten iDChes deep; 14
ff^JJ^t ;c"'\y I Inches wide. For two or
(I^W'V ' IjJ (7 four horses. Light draft.

\T I, V' 1-u-J^ N° 8ide draft. No similar
.jlow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
is directed In his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, mornlngglory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to gTass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

Imperial ^> Pulverizer, Clod

Crusher and
Roller

Leads them

The Peterson Mfg. Co.

Make Your Own Fertilizers

at Small Cost with ' i

Wilson's Phosphate Mills,

Shell Mills. Semi for <\it;i u<;
WILSON UKOS.. Sole .Ut'r

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co., South Superior, Wis.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. w. F. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 60c

We offer this splendid work In connec-
tion wltk the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following price*:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume, $1.25.
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c.
OH or aew ■■beorlptions.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

421

An insult to your
face — poor soap;
insist on Williams
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for 2-cent etamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet " How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

TOBACCO.

We have a lot of p.s ti"° -— ^•ga*'

SMOKING TOBACCO

as can be made, which we offer to the
consumer AT 35 CENTS PER LB. in
5 LB. BOXES DELIVERED. This
tobacco retails at 72 CENTS, and is
equal in quality to any brand on the
market.

P. T. CONRAD, Manager,

Box 149. :-: RICHMOND, VA,

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WI,D BIRDS AND ANIMAL

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducki, Swans. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes, Etc.

CECIL FRENCH,

718 Twelfth St. N. W.. Washington. D. C.

WORKING

MANAGER

Wanted on a farm 40 miles from Richmond;
must work as well as manage farm; good
offer to right man; no drinking man need
apply. Address Box 485, Richmond, Va.

WANTED

A RELIABLE WHITE MAN, accustomed to
the care of horses, cows, garden, etc. Wife
also could be employed. Reference required.
Address Mrs. R. M. SMITH, Williamsburg,
Va.

MODERN CANNER FOR $25

Complete farm canning plant, including
cans, tools, etc. Write to-day. MODERN
CAXXER CO., Bridgeport, Alabama.

NO M 0 F6 Bll[l(] H0r86S MoOTBtadnessandVther
sore eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la, have a »ure
cure.

Torch." by Katharine Holland Brown
of Quincy, Illiuois.

The June St. Nicholas is a "vaca-
tion number," and well worthy the
title. Every lad will turn first to and
linger longest over «.!an P. Ames's
account of "How to Keep a Baseball
Score." Mr. Ames is a practical
scorer, and has illustrated his sketch
with real scores. His directions for
score-keeping are clear and simple
enough for any boy to follow. A
charming end-cf-the-year story of life
in a girls' school is Albert Bigelow
Paine's "The Shuttlecock of Fate,"
holding a sugar-coated lesson that in
no wise detracts from the tale. It is
illustrated by Orson Lowell. "Dmitry"
is a timely Russian story, and "Mis-
tress Flynn and the Pot of Gold" is
one of those fairy stories that is ever
new. "How Teddy Helped" tells of a
small Western lad's fortunate mis-
hap; and there are new chapters in
the serials, "A Comedy in Wax" and
'What Another Summer Brought to
Denise and Ned Toodles."

REPORTS.
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C. Bureau of Ani-
mal Industry. Bulletin 58. The
fat testing of cream by the Bab-
cock method.

Bureau of Chemistry. Bulletin 82.
Paris green spraying experiments.

Division of Entomology. Bulletin
44. Some miscellaneous results of
the work of the Division of En-
tomology.

Division of Entomology. Bulletin
46. Proceedings of the 16th an-
nual meeting of the Association of
Economic Entomology.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
53. The Date Palm.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
59. Pasture, meadow and forage
crops in Nebraska.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
64. A method of destroying or
preventing the growth of Algae
and certain pathogenic bacteria in
water supplies.

Progress of the Beet Sugar Indus-
try in the TJ. g. in 1903.

Farmers' Bulletin 193. Experiment
Station work.
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca,
N. Y. Bulletin 217. Spray calen-
dar.
Hampton Agricultural Institute,
Hampton, Va. Thirty-sixth an-
nual report.
Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton
Rouge, La. Sixteenth annual re-
port.

Bulletin 76. Analyses of Commercial
Fertilizer and Paris Green
Maryland Experiment Station, College
Park, Md. Circular Bulletin 57.
Some insects that attack fruit
trees in the spring.

Circular Bulletin 58. Cabbage dis-
eases and insects.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agri-
cultural College, Mich. Bulletin

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEEN FtJLLY

TESTED AND FOUND

SUPERIOR TO ALL

OTHERS.

Will fit uneven

frim

it lie

cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest

Poultry farms are using this fence — over 700 rods
y Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for
freelcatalogof F~arm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn. *

tTTTTTT ...rTT»Tt»t«|

■WIRE! • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steal can-
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and price*.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO.. Cuyahoga Falls, 0.

h Genuine Spiral Spring Wire

FENCES AND BRTES

If your dealer does not have our
goods in stock you can buy direct
at Manufacturers' Price. Write
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio.

fa>flfl^ii&» L&tft LAWN FENCE

,i;,| jIvv^MUUMtt

Many designs. Cheap i
wood. 32 page Catalogue
free. Special Pi-Ires to Cene-
teriesandChnrcht-.. Address"

THOUSANDS OF TONS

d best way to build it. Of

any kind of wire, for any requirement,

with cheap labor, no machine and we'll tell

you how to fix your old fences too. Write

B-B. FENCE CO., 142 W. 3rd St., Peru, Ind

FENCE!

STRONGEST
MADE. Bun.

trong. Chicken.
tight. Sold to the Farmer at WhoteadG
PrieN. Pally Warranted. Catalog Free

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

A neat Binder for your back nun-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Addreta
our Business Office.

422

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

THE

OAKS

FOR SALE.

Being advised by my physician to
seek a drier climate on account of my
wife's health, I offer "The Oaks" for
sale; situated 1-2 mile from depot on
main line of N. & W. R. R., 1-4 mile
from corporation limits, and contains
145 1-2 acres; dwelling house has six
rooms and pantry; situated on an ele-
vation commanding a fine view of the
Peaks of Otter (12 miles), town and
surrounding country; and surrounded
by a magnificent grove of stately oaks,
about 10 acres in original growth of
large oaks. Land is gently rolling,
most of it in grass; three elegant never
failing springs, one very bold; plenty
of fruit for home use; there is also a
2-room tenant house and large barn
and corn crib. There are about 45
acres well set in Clover, Timothy, Al-
sike and Alfalfa, (about 4 acres in Al-
falfa); half of it two years old; cut
it five times last year and it now, 10th
of May, stands 12 inches, after being
frozen down 1st of April. This is
strictly Alfalfa land and there are 25
acres that will be ready to seed to Al-
falfa this summer; 40 acres seeded to
Alfalfa will be worth more than I
ask for the whole farm, as hay is now
selling here for $18.00 per ton and has
not been less than $14.00 for two years.
There are 7 acres in wheat; 16 in rye;
11-2 in oats; 34 in corn, and 4 in peas
and sorghum. Will sell the place as
a whole or in two tracts. Would say
to any purchaser that if he comes and
looks at the place and finds it not as
represented I will pay his railroad
fare. Price, $7,500.

B. B. Buchanan,

Bedford City, Va.

24. Insects injurious to fruits in
Michigan.
Buletin 25. Fungus diseases of
fruits in Michigan.
Minnesota Experiment Station, St. An-
thony Park, Minn. Bulletin 84.
Injurious insects of 1903.
Bulletin 85. Wheat and flour inves-
tigations.
Bulletin 86. The food value of su-
gar. The digestive action of milk.
Class Bulletin 15. Breeding corn.
Missouri Experiment Station, Colum-
bia, Mo. Bulletin 63. Commercial
fertilizers.
Nebraska Experiment Station, Lin-
coln, Neb. Bulletin 83. Compara-
tive variety tests of corn in 1902
and 1903.
New Hampshire Experiment Station,
Durham, N. H. Bulletin 103.
Standard milk.
Bulletin 104. Fifteenth annual re-
port.
Bulletin 107. The Brown tail moth

in New Hampshire.
Bulletin 108. Inspection of fertili-
zers.
Bulletin 109. The pernicious or San

Jose scale insect.
Bulletin 110. Experiments in or-
chard management.
Bulletin 111. Ten experiments with
potatoes and potato culture.
New York Experiment Station, Gene-
va, N. Y. Bulletin 246. Shading
strawberries.
North Carolina Department of Agri-
culture, Raleigh, N. C. The po-
tato beetle.
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, O.
Bulletin 143. Twenty-second an-
nual report.
Bulletin 147. Seed and soil treat-
ment and spray calendar.
Bulletin 149. The hardy Catalpa as
a farm crop.
Pennsylvania Experiment Station,
State College, Pa. Bulletin 65.
Forage and soiling experiment,
1902.
South Dakota Experiment Station,
Brookings, S. D. Bulletin 82.
Maccaroni wheat. Its milling and
chemical characteristics.
Texas Experiment Station, College Sta-
tion, Tex. Bulletin 70. The com-
position of Texas cotton seed
meal.
Virginia State Horticultural Society.

Eighth annual report.
Virginia Weather Service, Richmond,

Va. Report for April, 1904.
Virginia Department of Agriculture,
Richmond, Va. Quarterly report
for April. 1904, Analysis of fer-
tilizers.
Wisconsin Experiment Station. Madi-
son, Wis. Bulletin 104. The food
requirements of pigs from birth
to maturity.
Bulletin 105. The improvement of

home grounds.
Bulletin 106. Commercial feeding
stuffs.

Northern

Virginia
Farms

Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit,
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, bal-
ance cleared; 1J miles from station.
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house.
Fine water. Five miles from station.
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one-
half miles from station. Forty acres
timber, balance cleared. Fine land.
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

No. 23.— 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 25.— 175 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass farm in Rockbridge county, 1J
miles from Buena Vista. Fine condi-
tion. Nice home. Price, $5,300.

No. 28.— 516 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass Farm. 11 miles from Buena
Vista. First class condition. Hand-
some home; all modern equipments.
Price, $16,000.

No. 34. — 50 acres. Truck and fruit
farm. 12 miles from aWshington, near
railroad station. Excellent condition.
All improved selected fruit. Price,
$5,000.

No. 30.— 50 acre farm in Loudoun
countv. 3J miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land.
Price, $7,500.

No. 35.— 400 acre farm In Loudoun
county. Excellent grain and grass
land. Modern improved buildings.
Price, $8,000.

No. 36.-275 acre farm in Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land.
Good buildings. Refined and edu-
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April anrl May issue of South-
ebn Plaster lor description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER,

HERNDON, VA.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

423

I TRIM

The best grazing section of Virginia. Blue
grass indigenous. If you are interested In
fruit growing or trucking, you can find no
better country in the United States.

BUT THE BEST and send for our free
Real Estate Bulletin, it will help you find it.

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND
AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krennlng,
General Managers, Wythevllle, Va.

GASH

FOR lorK

OR ANY REAL ESTATE.

No matter where located. Send
description and lowest cash price.
I succeed by giving personal at-
tention. Interesting and valuable
particulars FREE. Write to-
day. Bank references.
fTLLlAM T. BROW \, 114 Brown Law B'ld'g, Lancaster, Pa.

WANTED.

A Western Farmer wants to rent for cash
a farm In Virginia for 3 or 5 years, with the
privilege of buying the place in the first two
years at a price stated now. Farm must be
well adapted and good situated for large
dairying, if possible, with stable for about
30 to 40 cows; if not, renter is willing to
build one. For further particulars, write to

F. W. MEYER,

Farmville, "Va.

... FOR SALE...

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OF
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

J6, BO, 100, BOO, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly improved and conve-
Blent to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia
farm, see Hockaday & Casselman, Richmond,
Va.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.; LAU-
RENCE CASSELfMAN. Ex-Auditor McLalne
Co., N. Dakota.

Northern Virginia,

Grain, Fruit. Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of
every Class within one hour of Washington, 1). C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Farms a Specialty

Catalogue on application.

P. B. BUE.LL CSL SONS.

Real Estate BroKers. ■■&

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va.

30 NICE FARMS

For sale In Southern Virginia on Staunton,
Dan and Roanoke rivers. Well adapted to
corn, wheat, oats, clover, hay, tobacco, stock
and poulty raising. Farms all near So. Ry.
and Buffalo Llthia Springs. Just the health-
iest place on earth. 60 to 1,216 acres. If you
want a home here, write L. H. YANCEY
Land Agent, Clarksville, Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; Health for all; Happiness and
Independence for all. All size9 of Faemb at
corresponding prices, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

Bulletin 107. Official tests of dairy

cows.
Bulletin 108. Trees and shrubs for

shade and ornament.
Bulletin 110. Spraying fruit trees.
Bulletin 111. Oat smut and its pre-
vention.
Bulletin 112. Alfalfa in Wisconsin.
Bulletin 113. Commercial fertili-
zers and feeding stuffs.
The Philippine Islands Bureau of Ag-
riculture, Manila, P. I. Bulletin
5. List of Philippine agricultural
products and fibre plants.
Imperial Agricultural Experiment
Station, Nlshigahara, Tokio, Ja-
pan. The San Jose scale in Japan.
PAMPHLETS, ETC.
The Relation of Research to Scien-
tific Agriculture, by Dr. J. B. Weems,
Ames, Iowa, read at the 25th annual
meeting of the Society for Promotion
of Agricultural Science.

American Breeder's Association.
Minutes of first annual meeting at St.
Louis, Mo., December, 1903.

The Cotton Situation. Address de-
livered by T. H. Price before the New
England Cotton Manufacturers' Asso-
ciation, Boston.

Primary Education and the Race
Problem. An address to the people of
Virginia by A. F. Thomas, member of
the State Senate.

CATALOGUES.
The Ellerslie Yearlings, property of
Messrs. R. J. Hancock & Son, of Char-
lottesville, Va., together with those
from Maplehurst and Keelona Studs
to be sold at the Brooklyn Race Course,
Gravesend, N. Y., June 14th, 1904.
De Laval Cream Separator.
Joint Breeders Sale of Trotting and
Pacing Horses and Jersey Cattle at
Ewell Farm, Ewell Station, Spring
Hill, Tenn., June 3, 1904.

Standard Hydraulic Pump Co., Roa-
noke, Va.

WHY MR. DICKSON QUIT.

Senator Aldrich used to be shaved by
a colored barber of the name of Dick-
son whenever he went to Boston. One
morning he opened a conversation by
saying: "I believe you are a member
of the African Church in street?"

"No, sah; not at all. sah," was the
reply, made with much dignity.

"Ah, I thought you were when I was
here last."

"But not dis yeah, sah."

"Ah, have you resigned?"

"Well, sah, it was dis way: I jined
dat church en good faith and de fust
yeah I give ten dollahs to'ds the stated
gospel, en all de church people calls me
'Brudder Dickson.' De second yeah
ma bizness fell off, en I give five dol-
lahs; en all de church people dey call
me 'Mister Dickson.' Do dis razzer
hunt yo', sah?"

"Not at all; it is very easy."

"Thank yo', sah; well, de third yeah
I feel so pohly dat I don' give nuthin'
't all fur preachin', en all de church
people dey pass me by en say 'dat old
niggah Dickson.' After dat I quit 'em."
— New York Press.

UnHilEQMD THE PLACE TO
nUIVItO FIND THEIVi. . .

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for th e money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the Stat*
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company ofler superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va.

C &OMain St. Depot, Richmond, Va.

.♦To Homeseekers,*

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Ia the title of a new pamphlet Issued by tka
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. W*
will gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Aft.,
G. P. A., Laads and ImmigraUam,
Roanoke, Va.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

It located la one of these Virginia cenatiaa:
Piiaee George. Chesterfield, King William.
Gloucester, New Kent, Klag and Qaeaa,
Haaever. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley.
Braddeck, Pa.

VIRGINIA FARMS

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.

■AST PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FRKB.

(GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vi.

Established 1875.

Hair riDMP in the great fruit grain and
rlllt rAnlTlO stock section of VIRGINIA.

Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages.
For further Information. address

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres. Charlottesville, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

til prices aad sizes. Free list en aaalioatiaa.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va.

• •*-• VIRGINIA' FARMS •'^■»

Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good house
and orchard, $500.00. Blue Grass. Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
Louisa, Va.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Vi.

WARNER'S

Correspondence School

At Bradford, Pa., teaches SHORTHAND,
BOOKKEEPING and PENMANSHIP by mail.
"Write now. _^^^^_^^^_^^_

Mention the Southeku Planteb In
writing.

424

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
»f RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
; .-,, arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

i 'ur experience proves this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of $100.00
or more.

Oar Capital and Surplus )s

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

VIRGINIU6 NEWTON, President.

JNO. If. MILLER, Jr., Vlee-Pres. St Cashier

I HAS. k. MkNKTT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier

Oh, when you want the business done
By play that's strong and steady,

Just take a look at old SLUG SHOT,
For that's the stuff that's ready.

SOLD BY THE SEED DEALERS.

For pamphlet on Bugs and Blights,
address, Benj. Hammond, Fishkill-ou
Hudson, N. Y.

The Only Cow Food

Which removes Garlic,

Onion and Weed Taint

Milk. Send for cir-

VA. CATTLE FOCO CO.

*l'*S>1li««IIOnilT1I»'g"'ltl,° DUNVILLE. VIRGINIA.

FOR SALE BY

E. B. McGcorge, Richmond, Va.

W. H. Harrison Co., Petersburg, Va.

W. A. Miller & Son, T. A. Jennings & Co.,
Lynchburg, Va.

R. G. Hiatt, L. Richardson Drug Co.,
Greensboro, N. C.

Raleigh Milling Co., Raleigh, N. C.

J. M. Starr & Co., Yorkvllle. S. C.

T. J. Wills & Co., Charlottesville, Va.

Dr. L. S. Rlcketts, Orange, Va.

FOR SALE.

800 acres timber, half of which original
growth. Having rented my river farm, will
sell privately 1 Dew McCORMICK I
300 good grade BREEDING EWES, SB COTS-
V.'iiiji i.WKS. 7 fine SHROPSHIRE BUCKS,
1 JERSEY COW fresh to pall. Call on or
address JNO. MATHEWS. East Richmond,
Va.

WASHINGTON NOTES.

Mr. George K. Holmes, of the Bureau
of Statistics, Department of Agricul-
ture, contributes an article to the
forthcoming Yearbook on "The Na-
tion's Farm Surplus."

"As well try," he says in a stately
introductory, "to comprehend the dis-
tances of the stars or the duration of
eternity as to attempt to make intel-
ligible the vast quantities and value
of the farm products of this country,
or even of the exported surplus, which
is so large as to be without parallel
among the countries of the earth.

"The value of the exported farm pro-
ducts in the fiscal year 1903 was $878,-
000,000. During the last five years
these exports have aggregated $4,302,-
000,000.

"The United Kingdom takes about
one-half of the exported products of
this country; on the other hand farm
products go from the United States to
many strange and remote nooks and
corners of the world.

The United States has a long lead
over its competitors as a purveyor of
meat to the United Kingdom. The
cattle imports in 1900 were 43,000,000
of which the United States supplied
seventy-two per cent., and Canada
only twenty per cent."

Mr. Holmes shows that in suppy-
ing dairy products and eggs to Eng-
land, however, the United States is far
behind other countries. He states
broadly that the United Kingdom
takes one-half of all this country's ex-
ports of farm products, and Germany
one-sixth and that our principal com-
petitors are Australia, Argentina and
Canada; in live animals, Argentina
and Canada; in grain and its products,
Argentina, Russia, Canada and Rou-
mania; while in cotton the other coun-
tries of the earth have not yet pro-
duced a direct competitor for our up-
land varieties.

The Good roads question now being
considerably agitated* and which holds
out possibilities of being some politi-
cal interest is by no means a new
issue. Early in the last century road
reform assumed such proportions that
it was advocated by many of the great
patriots of the day, and became, next
to the tariff, one of the most impor-
tant subjects discussed by Congress.
Good roads were actively supported by
such statesmen as Jefferson, Calhoun
and Clay. During Jefferson's second
term the hill admitting Ohio as a State
passed Congress, and contained a pro-
viso that five per cent, of the pro-
ceeds from the sales of public lands in
the State should be set aside for road
making, three per cent, for roads
within the State and two per cent, for
highways outside the State. In 180C.
the sales of public lands in Ohio hav-
ing amounted to $f,00.000. the con-
struction of the Cumberland Road was
begun. If was built after the Mac-
adam plan and was so well built that
it is still a good road. This road is

Kills 'em Quick

^▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼▼^

I Magic
t Death \
t Powder?

tiAAAAAAAAAAAAA-^
NOT A POISON, but a remarkable discov-
ery which Is very effective in causing stupe-
faction and death to all kinds of Insects in-
fecting Poultry. Animals, Plants and Houses.
Put up in a box ingeniously arranged for con-
veniently dusting or blowing the powder
where wanted.

Send 25c. to MAGIC FOOD CO., Chatta-
nooga, Tenn.. and get a book by mail. A
beautiful picture in colors suitable for fram-
ing given FREE with each order during the
next 30 days. Rid your Chickens of Lice,
Pet Animals of Fleas, etc. Your House of
Bed Bugs Flies and Mosquitoes, by the use
of MAGIC DEATH POWDER.

LICE.

KILL THE LICE AND MITES on your
fowls and chicks with GIBSON'S LIQUID
LICE KILLER, and GIBSON'S INSECT
POWDER. Paint the Liquid on the roost*
and bottom of Coops, and dust the Powder In
the nest boxes. Both guaranteed or money
refunded.

Liquid Lice Killer. S1.00 per gallon; qae-
half gallon, 60c. Insect Powder, B oz. box,
16c; and 16 02. box, 40c. postpaid.

Agents wanted. Liberal terms.
GIBSON & LAMB. Wext Alexander, Pa.

Standard of the World

lor 60 years. Used on 250 millions an-
nually. One dipping kills Ticks, Lice
and Nits. No smell. Keeps flock clean a
long time. Increases growth of wool.
Dipping Tanks at cost.
Send lor Pamphlet to Chicago.
If local druggists cannot supply, send
$1.75 for $2.00 (100 gal.) pkt. to
JOHNSON ft STOKES, Philadelphia, Pa.
Q. A. KELLY & CO., Pittsburg, Pa.
WM. COOPER &NEPHEWS, Chicago, HI.

For Sale or Trode.

The beautiful gray PERCHEON STALLION
DOM PEDRO, recently brought in from the
West, guaranteed sure foal getter, round and
gentle. Reg. No. 16658. Weight, about 1,800
pounds. Reason for selling, mares in this
Bection are too light. Price, $800. Will trade
for land, cows, sheep, goats or driving horses.
CHR. J. JEHNE, Farmvllle, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

425

Radia

.... IS A ... .

HOUSEHOLD

Remedy

feS6 «c5» <J£

Cures — ^*-

La Grippe,
Pneumonia,
Croup,
Influenza.

vS« tj£ <j£

GIVES

PERMANENT

RELIEF.

<J£ fe§» «^»

The Radia Company

Manufacturing Chemists,
Dept. K. DURHAM, N. C.

well described in a Maryland govern-
ment publication, as follows:

"The road was excellently mac-
adamized and the rivers and creeks
were spanned by stone bridges. Its
projector and chief supporter was
Henry Clay, whose service in its be-
half is commemorated by a monument
near Wheeling. Scarce a day that did
not see twenty gaily painted four-
horse coaches pass each way on this
road. Droves of cattle and sheep were
never out of sight. Great canvass cov-
ered wagons with heavy loads moved
easily along drawn by six, eight, ten
and sometimes twelve, horses. Within
a mile of the ioad the country was a
wilderness, unsettled, unbroken, but
on the highway itself, the traffic was
as dense as in the main street of a
large town. Ten miles an hour is said
to have been the usual speed of
coaches but between Hagerstown and
Frederick, it is claimed that the 26
miles was often made in two hours.
These coaches ran regularly until
1853. A regular line of through freight
wagons ran between Baltimore and
Wheeling. They were drawn by six
span of horses and carried 10 tons.
Their rear wheels were 10 feet high.
The tolls from this road at one time
yielded dividends of 20 per cent. The
part built by the Federal Government
was some time ago transferred to
Maryland. From 1810 to 1816 Con-
gress appropriated $680,000 for con-
tinuing the work on this road.

In 1817 both John C. Calhoun and
Henry Clay advocated a measure for
national road making, the money
therefor to come from the revenues to
the government from the National
banks. The bill passed Congress but
President Monroe vetoed it on the
ground that he believed it unconstitu-
tional. An attempt to pass it over the
veto failed. Nevertheless Congress ap-
propriated liberally for good roads out
of the sales of public lands in the dif-
ferent States, as she had done in Ohio.
In Louisiana, Indiana, Mississippi, Illi-
nois, Alabama, Missouri, Iowa, Geor-
gia, Tennessee and Arkansas turn-
pikes were built under this plan.
From 1806 to 1838, $1,600,000 was ap-
propriated by Congress for roads in
various places and in addition grants
of land have been made from time to
time to aid in the work and the labor
of United States troops has occasion-
ally been employed. Following the in-
dustrial and financial depression of
1837 but little government work was
done in road making but in 1854 an-
other period of activity began and
lasted until the civil war, during which
time over $1,500,000 was expended on
public roads. Since the civil war
there has been practically no govern-
ment road building, save in some in-
stances in the District of Columbia,
national cemeteries, etc.

Mr. C. P. Hartley, of the Department
of Agriculture,' contributes some pop-
corn lore to the Scientific American.
He says that ihe popping of the corn

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBATTI.T'8

Caustic
Balsam

1 Safe Speedy and Positive Cur,
The Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Tike*
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action.
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horiei
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTER)
OR FIRING* Impossible to produce scar or bltmtih
Every bottle sold is warranted to pive satisfaction
Price $1,50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, 01
Bent by express, charges paid* with full direction*
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars.
THB LAWRBNCB-WETXIAMS CO.. Cleveland <X.

IT'S
GOOD

For every horse, cow, hog
or sheep, and it is t lie only
remedy which they take
voluntarily and relish,

Blackman's
Medicated
Salt Brick

is the best stock remedy
made ( being the formula
of a celebrated veterina-
rian) and being so pleas
'ant to take, on accoun t of the salt taste, does
away with all trouble of dosing, drenching
and mixing with feed. It is uuequaled as a
blood purifier, aider of digestion and genera
system -egulator. Thousands endorse it.
Spr ci I "Offer -We will send four
brick, prepaid to any address upon
receipt of $1 i 0, which will be cheer
fully refunded if you are not
in every wav pleased.
Sold by dealers. BLACKMAN
STOCK REMEDY CO., 927 High-
land Park, Chattanooga. Tcnr.

Lump

Save the animal— save yonr 1

herd— cure every case

Lump Jaw. The disease ._

fatal In time, and It spreads. Only oneway]

to cure It— use

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

I No trouble— rub It on. Norisk— yourmonp

-SpacviiY

'«u\d Rir\g-boi\e

Once hard to cure— easy now. A 45-min*
ute treatnieut does it. >o other method
so easy— no other method sure.

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste

nd other stock ailmen.;
FLEMING BROS., Chemists,

SSOTnlon Stock Yards, Chicago. HI.

HEATH TO HEAVES

426

THE SOOTHE KX PLANTER.

[June,

White Leghorns.

Eggs $2.00 per 15 ; $5.00 per 60 ; $7.50
per 100. Circular shows winnings.
C. G. M. Fink, K. F. D. 2,

Richmond, Va.

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of IS.
Light Brahmas, Black Minorcas,
S. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W.
Rocks, Brown Leghorns S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C.

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON, Ma-
nassas, Va. Clover Hill Farm.

Farm=Raised Poultry.

Two distinct flocks of Mammoth Bronze Tur-
keys from which we make matings for breeding
purposes at reasonable prices. Eggs fn season.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

BIRDS AND EGGS.
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, Tenn

SILVER-LACED

WYANDOTTES.

Eggs For Hatching.
I Sl.OOper IS from strong and
healthy birds of leading
strains. A few choice pullets
at 81 each. Pure-bred Poland
China Pigs at $5.00 each.

Dr. H. H. LEE.
R. F. D. 2. Lexington, Va.

"WALSH'S

Barred Plymouth Rochs

High class combination utility and
exhibition stock. Best blood. Bred
from proline layers of large brown
eggs. Eggs, $1.50 per 15.

L. W. WALSH,

Box 194. Lynchburg, Va.

CHOICE

Of 40 Varieties Best Poultry. Fine, large il-
lustrated descriptive Poultry Book postpaid,
only 6c. Price list FREE. Write now.
JOHN E. HEATWOLE, Prop. Valley Poultry
Farms, Harrisonburg, Va.

is due to the generation of gas from
the oil contained in the kernel. Field
corn does not pop as readily as pop
corn because the shell is more porous,
permitting the escape of the oil as it
volatilizes, while in the case of pop
corn a great pressure is developed in
the kernel by the confined oil, and the
ki rnel is suddenly exploded and turned
wrong side out. Pop corn pops more
readily when dry because when moist
the kernels are swollen, the shell
more porous and tougher and the ker-
nels do not explode so suddenly and
completely as when dry and hard.

Pate de foie gras is a dish for the
epicure and while it is made simply
from diseased goose liver, if the epi-
cure will pay sufficient for it, the
farmer may be excused for furnishing
it. At least the goose has a good time
while he is being stuffed to repletion
with choice viands. The fattening
period lasts from four to six weeks.
The birds are closely confined and are
fed two or three times a day, by cram-
ming, an approved daily ration con-
sisting of about a pound and a half of
maize meal and beans cooked in water,
the amount being increased as the ap-
petite grows, the bird being suppliec
with fresh water, to which a little
wood charcoal is sometimes added. The
livers, by this process, are enormously
enlarged, and turnish the basis of the
dish.

The readiness with which anthrax
may be communicated from one animal
to another is noted in the experiment
station record of the Department of
Agriculture. A harness which had
been upon a horse that had recently
died with anthrax was placed upon
a healthy horse with the result that
the latter animal subsequently con-
tracted the disease.

In experiments with rabbits the dis-
ease was contracted by lightly rub-
bing the anthrax germs upon the skin.
There were no cuts or abrasions of the
skin but the bacilli penetrated through
the hair follicles.

Guy E. Mitchell.

"THE VETERINARY ADVISER."
Doubtless many readers of the
Southern Planter have procured the
little book, the Veterinary Adviser, of
which much is said from time to time
in stock papers. Those who have not,
will profit by sending for it. It is an
admirable little veterinary guide, sent
free to those who specially request it
by the Zenner Disinfectant Company,
93 Bates street, Detroit, Michigan,
proprietors of the celebrated Zenoleum
Disinfectant, Sheep-Dip and Lice- Kil-
ler, advertised in this issue. The work
is a practical treatment of common
every day ailments of all branches of
the live stock family. Look up the
Zenoleum advertisement elsewhere,
and then do not fail to send for the
Zenoleum "Veterinary Adviser."

...FEEDING OUR...

BABY CHICK FOOD

PRODUCES

HEALTHY CHICKS.

SAMPLE FOR THE ASKING.
INCUBATORS, :=: :>:
BROODERS AND

POULTRY SUPPLIES,

ALWAYS IN STOCK.

BIRDS, PET STOCK. GOLD FISH

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER.

CATALOGUE FREE.

Having made a change in manage-
ment we are better than ever, prepared
to make prompt shipment.

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.,

517-519 West Broad St.,

. Richmond, Va.

■H.T.,«g

ORPINGTON SPECIAL

The popular fowl of the day is the Orping-
ton. Eggs from best matings of our S. C.
Buffs, $1.60 per 15, or $4 for 60, June de-
livery. July and August delivery at $1 per
16, or $3 per 60. Prompt attention and safe
delivery. Poland China Pigs, 8 to 10 weeks
old, at $3.50 to $5 each. OCCONEECHEE
FARM, Jeffress, Mecklenburg Co., Va.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. T., 4 out of 6.
Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., E
straight. Roanoke, Va.. 8 out of 9. Akron,
la., 2 straights. Eggs, $2 per sitting. Young
trios, quail size, $3.

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

EGGS

From my S. C. Black
Minorcas and S. C.
White Leghorns of the

^^^^^^— ^— very best strains.

These breeds are raised on separate farms, and

have free range. Eggs, 75c. per 16; $1.50 per 36;

84.00 per 100 I guarantee two-thirds hatch, or

replace at half price.

J. MILTON GARNETT, Prop.,
Mitchell's, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS,

Eggs for hatching from splendid lay-
ers, $1.00 per sitting. Pens mated for
befit results.

R. W. HAW, Jr., Centralis, Va.

Piedmont Poultry Place,

'Handles notHing but the best.

We

.iflVr Pi

re-bred POLAND-CHINA
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 weeks
old. single pig Sf5; per pair 810; per trio, 814.
Some ready for shipment May 16th. First or-
ders get best I'Iks.

ANGORA GOATS V^WS^ T

cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Clifly, Ky.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

427

BARGAINS

for months June and Julv, WHITE
WYANDOTTE eggs!?, 3.00" per 100.

EDQEnONT POULTRY YARDS.
JOHN A. reedy, Prop. Liberty Mills, Va.

Fresh Laid Eggs

of Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Barred Ply-
mouth Rock, White Wyandotte and S. C. B.
Leghorn Chickens. Safe delivery insured.
Prices reasonable. MISS CLARA L. SMITH,
Croxton, Caroline Co., Va.

"White Minorcas,
Large well shaped birds. Prize winner*
and the best of Layers. Eggs supplied from
the best of matlngs. Shipped safely any-
where. Catalog free. F. S. BTJLLINQTON,
Box P, Richmond, Va.

Barred Plymouth

Eggs for hatching IB for S6c.
" .60, 100 for $4.50

EYER, Farmville, Va.

Rocks.*® &

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. 88 to $15. Olderonescorrespond-
lngly low- Book on Training, 50 cents : Feee if
you buy a Collie.
MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM, South Afhol,Mass.

Choice

COLLIE PUPS

of the best families.

FineBERKSHIRES.

3 choice Sows, also some nice pigs, both
sexes. Write me your wants. A. P. WHITE.
JR., Prop., Accomac Herd, Parksley, Va.

2 good looking young

ENGLISH SETTERS

Partially broken on quail; dogs; 14 months
old, black and white. Strong and healthy.
One retrieves. $25 each. If not satisfactory
or not as represented will refund purchase
money at any time within five months if
returned to me In good condition. These
dogs are level-headed and companionable.
New York and Richmond references. Ad-
dress, W. B. MEARES. Belvidere Field Dog
Kennels, Hillsboro. Orange Co., N. C.

Edgewood Stock Farm.

SCOTCH COLLIES!

A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, full
white marks. Bred strong in blood of Chris-
topher, Barwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel.
Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers.
Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to
registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLE.
Maxwelton, W. Va.

Reg Scotch Collies.

Collie Pups from registered parents now
ready. All Sables with full white points.
SIMPLY BEAUTIFUL! and no better bred
pups in the U. S. to-day. Sire the imported
champion Wellesbourne Hope, 1st. winner at
Pan-American, Chicago, Philadelphia and
many other leading shows. He by Champion
Balgreggie Hope, out of Champion Ormsklrk
Ideal. Dam, Pee Dee Princes, by Imported
Cheviot Production, winner of many firsts In
England, out of Imported Broockside Minnie,
also winner In Scotland and America. Bright,
active, and alert pups, all with an eye single
already for business. Order quick. $8 to $15.
B. C. NEWTON, McColI. S. C, R. F. D.
No. 2.

MOST POWERFUL BALING PRESS
IN THE WORLD.

Now Being Exhibited at the St. Louis

Exposition by P. K. Dederick's

Sons.

Among the large agricultural ma-
chinery exhibits at the St. Louis
World's Fair, that of the Dederick
Agricultural Machine Works deserves
notice, being the largest exhibit in its
line ever made in the world.

Presses of all kinds are included in
the exhibit, as follows: Steel case belt
press, steel case reversible, wood frame
belt, steel case full circle, new two
wheel belt, new vertical full circle,
double bale Columbian box press,
Standard Columbian box press, steel
case horizontal shaving press and hand
operated box press. Power frame and
gear wheels of XXX continuous extra
heavy are also shown, giving, how-
ever, only a faint idea of the power
of this press, which is the most pow-
erful made. Sample bales of different
kinds are also included in the exhibit.
Special cotton bales with patented
sample ridge, and hay bales pressed
without bands — also hay baled to the
density of oak wood.

The Dederick Works at Albany, N.
T., now conducted by P. K. Dederick's
Sons, are known the world over as the
oldest and largest in existence, and
confining their output to the Dederick
patents, of which there are about three
hundred, have always been bailing
press headquarters of the world.

HER FIRST.

A small boy, aged five, had a step-
mother who was young and nervous.
She had never had experience with
children, and the small boy's slight-
est ailment tortured her into a panic.

Croup threatened one day, and the
doctor was sent for in wild haste. As
the doctor entered the room the child
raised his head from his pillow and
croaked hoarsely, in apology for the
hasty summons. —

"You must excuse her, doctor, this
is the first time she's ever been a
mother." — May Lippincott's Magazine.

HURST SPRAYER.
The attention of our readers is di-
rected to the advertisement of the H.
L. Hurst Manufacturing Co., which
appears elsewhere in this issue. The
illustration shows the Hurst Field
and Orchard Spraying Machine at
work spraying potatoes. The machine
sprays four rows at a time and is per-
fectly adapted to both high and low
spraying. It also sprays small fruits,
currants and gooseberry bushes and
grape vines as well as tobacco, cab-
bage, strawberries, etc. It can be
pushed along as easily as an empty
wheel-barrow and it does the rest; al-
though it is provided with a horse-
hitch. Agencies may be obtained and
the machine will be sent on ten days
free trial.

RELIABLE SEED

FOR THE FARM AND GARDEN.

Millets, Amber and Orange Sorghum, Kaffir
Corn, Teosinte, Buckwheat, Potatoes for late
planting, Turnip Seed, and all varieties of
Field and Garden Seeds of the highest qual-
ity and germination. Write us for quota-
tions. Mail orders given prompt attention.

DIGGS & BEADLES,

1709 East Franklin Street,
RICHMOND, VA.

CATALOG MAILED FREE.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A fine lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and big
BLACK SPANISH

Jacks and JenneU;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks; young stock for
sale at all times.
Write or see me be-
fore you buy. Come to Kentucky if yon
want a good Jack. JOE E. WRIGHT, Junc-
tlon City, Ky.

SPECIAL BARGAIN SALE
OF JACKS.

For the next 60 days, I will sell
some fine Jacks at ONE-HALF
their value, in order
to make room for the
coming importation.
1 will also pay the R.
R. fare of buyers dur-
ing this time. Come,
at once for a bargain.
BAKER'S JACK FARM.
Lawrence. Ind.

WHAT DO YOU WANT?
There is no ROYAL ROAD to success, but
the best travelled path in Virginia for those
who want FANCY STOCK AND POULTRY,
is the route to THE CEDARS P. & S. FARM,
home of the aristocracy in poultry and stock.
JERSEY CATTLE, DUROC JERSEY and
POLAND CHINA SWINE, M. B. TURKEYS
and B. P. R. FOWLS; ENGLISH SETTERS
and BEAGLE HOUNDS. WM. G. OWENS,
Midlothian, Va.

Meadow Brook
SHROPSHIRES.

For sale; very fine one and two year old
pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very
nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS. Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

Shropshire Sheep.

One pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCK. Also
a few pure bred ewes and lambs for sale at
moderate prices. A. S. CRAVEN. Greenwood,
Va.

Woodland Farm

offers the best lot of October dropped

Dorset Ram iambs which

it has ever raised.

1. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0.

428

THE SOUTHEEIST PLANTER.

[June,

1RERKSH1RES

ANNEFIELD HERD

Contains the

Finest Blood Lines

Mn England and America.

Young Stock for Sale.

Inquiries cheerfully answered.

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annetield Fan

Briggs, Clarke Co.. Va.

'..'.•-.'.gg

^•.•.V.'.'.'.'.'.'.^-.-.VS

Berkshires

Pigs farrowed February and March, I'.i04, from
Registered Sows, by MASON OF BILTMORE II
(6S548). a son of Loyal Mason, and a grandson
of the famous Loyal Birks. Nothing but Bllt-
more blood In my herd and sure to give sat-
isfaction to purchasers.

ROBERT HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

BEECHENBROOK STOCK FARM.

High class registered
BERKSHIRE PIQS, ready
for immediate delivery.

PRICES REASONABLE,

WILLIAMSON TALLEY,
Richmond, Va.

Berkshire Boar $

year old, by my
Imported son of
the great FIRST
CATCH F, and out- of a Highclere sow for
sale. Also a young boar (just weaned) by an
Imported son of Manor Favorite, out of an
Imported grand daughter of Loyal Berks.
Beit of breeding, best Individuals, best dis-
positions, are to be found in my herd.

F. M. HODQSON,

West End, Va.

LARGE
BERKSHIRES

Am offering a nice lot of pigs, April farrow,
both sexes, at very reasonable prices. Try
me with an order and be convinced. Corre-
spondence solicited. J. W. McFADDIN,
R. F. D. 1, Raphlne, Rockbridge Co. Va.

BERKSHIRES.

4 Boar Pigs farrowed March 11th at $5 each
If taken soon. Will furnish pedigree and de-
liver to express office here. THESE ARE
BARGAIN'S AT PRICE; first orders will get
them. T. M. KING, R. F. D. 2, Hagan,
Lee Co., Va.

Maplewood Herd

of Berkshires.

Choice Individuals. Selectly bred. Write
for prices, stating your wants. JOHN F.
TUCKER, Smyrna, Tenn.

LEFFEL BOILER.
For many years James Leffel & Co.
have been manufacturing boilers and
steam engines for every purpose re-
quiring from three to sixty horse pow-
er. The illustration herewith shows

JpSL - -

one style made by this firm which is
particularly suited for farmers, dairy-
men and others who want power that
is easily moved from place to place or
an engine that develops any power
from three to seven horse and at the
same time occupies very small space.
For those who need more power this
company makes a vertical boiler with
horizontal engine on the same base,
which needs very little space and de-
velops from six to thirty-five horse
power. All the engines made by this
firm are built so as to make the best
use of fuel, and are economically ope- |
rated. The firm publishes a catalogue
containing numerous illustrations of
their various boilers and engines, and
giving details of construction and ma-
terial that cannot fail to interest all
those who contemplate using steam
power on the farm. This catalogue is
sent free to any one who asks for it.
Address James Leffel & Co., Spring-
field, Ohio.

A PERSONAL REQUEST.

We want every reader of this paper
who does- hauling of any kind to send
to the Electric Wheel Co., at Quincy,
111., for their new booklet, "Wheel
Sense."

We know that a good many farm-
ers think they have not many spare
moments at this time of the year, to
indulge in reading, but this is a book-
let which will not take many minutes
to run through and its so full of good,
sound sense, on the hauling question,
that you ought not overlook it.

Of course, it tells about the Electric
Metal Wheels and the Electric Handy
Wagons — wide-tired, convenient and
labor-saving. It is at this time of the
year when users of wagons equipped
with Electric Wheels, find them of
greatest service in hauling manure,
hay, in harvesting and for the thou-
sand and one jobs about the farm for
which a wagon is required. We can-
not understand why so many men con-
tinue to load high wagons, cut up their
fields, overwork their horses, when an
investment of a few dollars for a set
of Electric Wheels, would avoid so
much hard work. Send for the book-
let and see what hundreds of wide-
awake farmers have discovered.

Berkshire Hogs!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
of New Era; his sire Rockland Gen-
try, champion of America in 1903; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, Hodel Lee IX,
sireOov. Lee, champion of America in
L689, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices.

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle, Md.

Hawks ley Stock Farm

has, a lot of

BERKSHIRE PIGS

ready for shipment. They are good as the
best. Also young Boars ready for service.
B. P. ROCKS and S. C. B. LEGHORN Eggs,
Jl for 13. J. T. OLIVER, Aliens Level, Va.

PIGS=P!GS=PIGS

I have some nice
ESSEX PIOS from 4
to 8 months old, prices
from 86.00 to 810.00 each
I also have a few nice
SHEPHERD PUPS, 4
months old at 85 each.
Your orders solicited.

L. Q. JONES, Tobaccovllle, N. C.

SBS3 ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

REG POLAND=CHINAS

With SIZE and FINISH: the LONG. BROAD.
LOW DOWN kind that GET BIG quickly.
I offer some very pretty pigs farrowed March
and April, 1904, at prices any breeder or
farmer can afford to pay. I am going to sell
them cheap. Nothing but the very best ship-
ped. W. B. PAYNE, Edgewood Farm, Crof-
ton, Va.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, - ■ Rustburg. Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

429

CHoice Poland-CKinas.

SvinsHine and Free .Coin-
age Blood.

Choice 2 1-2 months pigs. Either sex— ready
for shipment. $7 each. Eligible to registry
and guaranteed O. K. Buy the best, it pays
to do so. E. T. ROBINSON. Lexington, Va.

( (

PIGS" -V PI G_S^

Registered O-l-C Swine

-:-for sale-:-

wm. e. hammond,

Mansfield Farm, Goochland C. H„ Va.

O. I. C. PIQS

from Registered stock, for sale at right
prices. Address

F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville

P. Chinas

Berkshire,
C. Whites. Fine large
strains. All ages, mated
not a in, 8 week, pigs. -
Bred sows. Service boars "-S
and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular.
P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranvllle, Chester Co.. Pa.

Ready for
Service;

Bred from Registered Stock, Imported
from Canada.

I. H. LAREW, Newbern.Va.

r: "....BARGAINS....

DORSETS AND
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONG, LANTZ MILLS. VA.

-ONE REGISTERBD-

HEREFORD BULL

calf, 10 months old for sale, or will exchange
for a heifer.

W. J. flcCANDLESS Brandy Station, Va.

WANTED

20 VIRGINIA or NORTH
CAROLINA GRADE
SHORTHORN

heifers, 2 to 3 years old, bred to Registered Bull,
and to calve from August to January. Address,
stating price, breeding on both sides, weight
and age. JANNEY BROS., Gloucester. Va.

I OFFER-

2 Reg. Ayrshire Bulls,

One 10 mos. old PRICE, S-10.00.

One coming 3 yrs. old PRICE, 865.00.

Low considering Quality.
Registered and high grade HAMPSH1REDO WN
S H E B P of best breeding. Rams. Ewes and
Lambs for sale. Stock and Prices will suit.

J. D, THOnAS, Round Hill Va.
Meadow Brook Stock Farm.

Mention the Southern Planter when
corresponding with advertisers.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

POTATO YEAST.

Peal and grate eight good sized po-
tatoes, pour a gallon of boiling water
over them and let them boil for ten
or fifteen minutes. When cool add one
cup of salt, one cup of sugar and one
yeast cake which has been dissolved
in cold water, or a cup and a half of
liquid yeast. (It is safer to to use the
yeast cake.) Put the yeast in glass
jars but do not screw the tops on for
twenty-four hours. After it has
worked well keep it in a cool place,
and you will have sweet bread as long
as it lasts.

HABD SOAP.

Melt off the top of a tomato can as
a measure. Take three cans of clean
grease, one box of concentrated lye,
and a bucket of cold water. Put the
water on in two pots, in one put the
lye to melt, then add the grease and let
it boil steadily for an hour, then add
the other half of the water a little at
a time. Keep it all boiling slowly for
another hour, add a handful of salt
and pour it out into a box lined with
an old bag. When it is cold cut in
blocks and expose to the sun for a few
days before packing.

8TBAWBEBBY WIRE.

Buy the wild berries for this if you
can get them, they have so much
more flavor of the strawberry. Take
six quarts of berries, pour over them
three quarts of boiling water and let
them stand till the next day, then
crush and strain the juice twice
through a cloth, to one gallon put two
pounds of sugar, put it into a jug and
set in a cool dry place to ferment, take
care not to shake. After six weeks
cork and seal. This is especially good
for seasoning sauces and jelly.

CANNED STBAWBEKBTES.

Pick over the berries carefully, but
avoid washing if possible. Put them
Into a granite kettle with about a
quart of water to six of berries. Let
them boil for fifteen minutes, heat
your jars, fill very full with the fruit
and screw as tight as you can at once.
Set them in a cool dark place and
after they are thoroughly cold tighten
the top. It is very much better not to
put any sugar in them and is very im-
portant that they be kept in the dark.
These make delightful ice cream, and
are good served with sugar and cream,
as any other canned fruit is done.

STBAWBEBBY JELLY.

This is delicious. Take perfectly
fresh berries and pick but do not
wash. If positively necessary to wash
them, put them in a sifter and pour
the water over them shaking to get
off the grit and let the water all drain
away. Then put them in a kettle and
bring to a hard boil, pour into a bag
and let the juice drain off, taking
care not to press the bag. To each
pint of the juice weigh one pound of
sugar. Put the juice on the fire in a
granite kettle and put the sugar In
a biscuit pan and set it in the stove
to heat. When the juice has boiled flf-

JERSEY BARGAINS.

10 HEIFERS out of cows from the best in
ray herd, which I have been 30 years la
building. They are the prettiest I ever saw.
Price, $30 each.

2 Reg. Bull Calves

6 wks. and 6 mos. old. Each out of a cow
giving 2 pounds of butter per day, and by

Coquette's John Bull.

he out of a cow with a record of 18 pounds
butter per week. Price, $50 each. Also a
U. S. SEPARATOR for sale at $40; in good
repair and cost $125 new.

A. R. VENABLE Jr.,

Farmville, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Hai for sale a large num-
ber of nice voung regis-
tered A. J. C. C.

m

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the moat noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $16;
Heifers, same aga, $36. POLAND CHINA
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and (at waat
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop." Battleboro. N. C.

Jersey Heifers

and one bull for
Depot, Virginia.

sale. W. B. GATE3, Rice

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

lRegistered and grades, of all ages
land sexes, and ofchamplon blood
Ifor the beef and milk*strains and
lat moderate prices Also Nursery
Istock of all descriptions. •
MYER & SON, Bridgeville, Delaware.

The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG.

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON

LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.

Between all Points via Richmond, Va.

Fast Mall, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager.

430

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

>fi JOHN S, FUNK,

GLEN FARM,

Singer's Glen, - - - Virginia.
Importer and Breeder of

Polled Durham Cattle
Southdown Sheep
Poland-China Hogs.

Polled Durham! are Shun horns with the horns
bred oil. They are nil either red or roan. Buy
a Polled Durham and lay aside the bloody de-
horner.

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

SHORTHORN

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOGE, Hamilton, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM*—
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown ,v»heep
and Berkshire Pig".

Fc* Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

COOK'S CREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 168548, 1st prize aged hull at Radford Fair,
Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence Invited,

HEATWOLE & SUTBR, Dale Enterprise, Va.

SHORT HORN BULLS for sale, from 3 to
10 moB. old; elred by VERBENA'S CHAMP-
ION, No. 129881. and ROYAL CHIEF. No.
185432. Some good POLAND CHINA eprlng
pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible
to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers.

WM, T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

MONTE.BE.LLO HERD

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

FOR SALE— 2 Registered Bulls, calved
Dec. 17th, 190'J, and Aug. 28th, 1903.

BerKsHire Pigs

(Biltmore Strain. )
farrowed May 1903. For terms, apply to
L. H. QRAY, Orange, Va.

Mention The Southern Plaitoeb
whan corresponding with advertisers

teen minutes add the hot sugar and
let It boil ten minutes more. Some
times it will take less time and some-
times a little longer. Fill the glasses
and set them in the sun. If your
glasses have tin tops, be careful to put
several layers of paper over the jelly.
This will keep it from molding.

CHICKEN CROQUETTES.

Scraps of a roasted fowl will do as
well for these as one especially pre-
pared. To one pint of finely chopped
meat seasoned with one tablespoon of
salt and one-half teaspoon of pepper,
one teaspoon of onion juice, one of
lemon juice, half a teaspoon of celery
seed. Cream one tablespoon of flour
with three tablespoons of butter and
over it pour a cup of scalding cream,
into this stir the seasoned chicken
and one pint of fine crumbs, stir well
and add two beaten eggs, boil about
two minutes, take from the fire and
let it get cold, then shape into balls or
cones and roll in beaten egg and then
in crumbs and fry in hot fat.

ORANGE ICE.

Grate carefully nine oranges and
two lemons. Put the grated rind into
a bucket with a cup of sugar and a
quart of water, let it stand. Dissolve
four full tablespoons of corn starch in
a little cold water and pour boiling
water over it to cook clear, about two
quarts of the boiling water, then add
six cups of sugar, pour it all over the
grated rind, and add the juice of the
fruit, add water enough to make near-
ly two gallons of ice and freeze hard.
I use the corn starch because it is so
much cheaper than the gelatine, but if
you can afford it the gelatine is bet-
ter, makes a smoother ice.

STRAWBERRY CREAM.

Crush and strain three quarts of
berries. Make a custard of one quart
of milk, four eggs and three table-
spoons of corn starch, pour this into
three quarts of milk and add the ber
ries, freeze at once. This will make
two gallons when frozen. You can put
the two quarts of sugar in the milk
or in the fruit. I usually put it in
the fruit.

TAPIOCA MOULDED.

Soak two cups of tapioca in three
pints of cold water all night. In the
morning drain off the water which has
not been taken up and put the tapioca
into a double boiler with two quarts
of milk, a cup and a half of sugar and
a few blades of mace, let it cook for
an hour. Wet a round bowl or a num-
ber of cups and turn the mixture into
them. Set in the Ice box and let it
stand until thoroughly cold, turn out
and serve with cream seasoned with
vanilla. Rice is very good prepared
the same way and I always mould it
In cups and put a preserved cherry on
top of each cup after It is turned out.

STRAWBERRY SHORT CAKE.

Make a dough with one quart of
flour, one teaspoon of baking powder,
one large spoon of lard and a teaspoon
of salt. Make it up with sweet milk
roll about half Inch thick and cut

into square pieces about the size of an
envelope, lay one piece on top of an-
other and bake. When done take off
the top pieces and butter, spread be-
tween them strawberries either cut
into halves, or whole, and sprinkle
generously with powdered sugar, put
the top back and serve with cream.
Caraven.

rosedale herd —

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

C holce bulls, 4 moi. to 4 vts. old. Price. «•
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence Invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jetferaoul»»
Va.

3 Registered
ANGUS = BULLS

9 months, 1 and 2 years old, for sale. Also
half dozen Shropshire Buck lambs, Septem-
ber delivery. This Is all flne stock and north
of quarantine line. S. S. HEPBURN, Ash-
land, Va.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS Bull Calves.

I offer for sale two pure bred bulls of the
above breed, born Dec. 15, and Jan. 30 re-
spectively, sired by my registered bull,
ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR, No. 40364, and out
of pure bred but unregistered cows. The
Dec. 16 calf Is full brother to one sold last
season to Mr. Beard, of Moffatts Creek, Au-
gusta county. The other Is out of my larg-
est cow and very promising, These calves
will be kept with their dams until nine
months old. $50 eacb.

I bave also a flne registered bull calf that
will be ready for delivery In February. $100.
No females sold.

B. F. DAY. Glasgow, Va.

GREENFIELD HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle.

Baron Ida, 20184 (Champion yearling. II
firsts, 17 times In 1st prize herd, 4 first, oa
produce of sire and 3 times at head of grain
sweepstakes herd) at head of herd.

The females In this herd are prize winner*
or the Immediate descendants of prize win-
ners sired by sucb noted bulls as Champion
Lord Hlllhurst, Beau Forbes H., by Bean
BUI (champion of the West for two years);
Cham. Baron Ida, Ludolph 4th, Rustler 2d.

Choice calves from the above cows sired
by Baron Ida, Encouragement 46382. aad
Erard 55380.

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We are now offering some choice young
Bulls of the following breeds:

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus.

Write at once for pedigrees and prices.

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

431

^Sfcs*'

fib

^ * lP

m 129 PIGS » 13 sows

St. Joseph, III.
International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn.

Gentlemen : — Word comes to us that one of Fithian's
prosperous farmers, John Rueb, is the champion hog
raiser of central Illinois. In the last two weeks he has
had thirteen sows that farrowed 129 pigs, all living,
healthy and strong, Mr. Rueb claims that his success
is greatly due to his using "International Slock Food."
which he has used for several years. John is one of the
up-to-date farmers and he will continue to use "Inter*
national Stock Food,** and says be can always raise more
pigs than any of his neighbors unless they use "Inter*
national Stock Food." From»ST. JOSEPH RECORD.

Beware of Inferior Imitations ana Snlistitntcs. Writ* To About "Inter-

national Stock Food." We Have Thousand* of Similar Testimonials

and Will Pay You $1000 Cain If The; Are Not Genuine.

"ISTER NATIONAL STOCK f 00D*» 0^3 FEED9 for ONE CtST=^ won the Bicrhist Medal at Paris Exposition In 1900

powdered Roots, Barks, Seeds snd Herbs, to give to Horses, Cattle . Sheep, Goats, Colts, Calvoe, Lauiba and Pigs, in small

to secure better digestion and assimilation so that each animal will obtain moro nutrition from all prain eaten. Scientific authorities prove that the

55 per cent, of the average kind of feeds. **Inte rnatlonal Stock Food'* will cause them to digest 70 to 75 per cent. Wo paid the government $40,

"Internal lonal Stock Food" was a hit-'h-clasa medicinal preparation. Many other kinds did not pay any war las becauis they claimed to the govern!

* prcpuraUnne of this Liod only c
- -■otdtsi

•hat they did not
idirlnal basis. "International Stock Food"
It will save yonflO.no per year la the Feed

edicinal ingredients and did notclaim medicinal results. Yon can afford t«

purifies the blood, "toneaup" and permanently strengthens the entire system. Itccresorpreventstnany f<

of Every Hone You Work and its nso will only cost you $2.54 pet year. It saves grain and 30 to CO days' time in growing and fattening all k
by over one million farmers who havo used It for fifteen years. 16 is aboolutsly harmless even if taken Into the human system. Beware of the many cheap and inferlo;
Band substitutes. No chemist can separate and nam o all of the ingredients we use. Any company or chemist claiming to do bo is a Sclf-Cnnfeised Ignoramasor^

Ml.e:'

Jv $300000 STOCK BOOK FREE

9T CONTAINS 183 LARGS ENGRAVINGS

WE WILL PAY YOU $10.00 CASH IF BOOK '^IS NOT AS DESCRIBED

The Cover of this Book is a Beautiful Live Stock Picture ik?- Printed En Six Brilliant Colors, and Without Any Advertising on It.

Sizoof Book isCH try 93$ inches. It cost us >:;onO to have our Artists and Engravers make these Engravings, which are the finest
engravings of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Ho:;b and Poultry that you have ever seen. These 1S3 Engravings ore all made from
actual photographs and ore worthy of a placo in any library. Et also gives Description, History and Illustrations of the Different
Breed9 of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Gnats, Hotrs and Poultry. It contains Ufa Engravings of many very noted Animals. 9&~ It con-
tains a Finely Illustrated Veterinary Department That Will S&vo You Hundreds of Dollars, because it describes all common
diseases end tells you how to treat them. The Veterinary Illustrations are large and absolutely reliable. Correspondence
promptly answered as we have an office farce of -00 including 100 typewriters.

WE WILL MAIL IT TO YOU FREE, pmTssOsksw

IT You Will Writ. r. At O.ca, Letter or Postal Card, and 159WER THESE TWO QFESTIOSf

1st.— NAME THIS PAPER. 2nd.— HOW MUCH STOCK HAV]

-fflm INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO.,

DAN PATCH 1:5614

FASTEST HARNESS HORSE IN THE WORLD

Daa EaU "Int.raattonal Stork Food" Kr.ry (lay aad
HOLDS FOLLOWING WORLD RECORDS:

1:56X Illlt Rrrnrd .a Halr.JIIle Trick, 2:11315- BH|<- It'tord to Hlgb Wkttl Salkjr, S:0»K

If tou WUI Writ. Ca At Om, Letter or Postal Card, and A5SWER THESE TWO QUESTIONS: LarB.it Stock Faod Factory In the World.
1st.— NAME THIS PAPER. 2nd.— HOW MUCH STOCK HAVE YOU? c*pIU" p"4 '" *2.°»».0»»00-

UTMBjvapnr |C ^"a Engraving Shows Oar Raw Factory.

MINN.. U.S.A.

It Contain* 18 Acre, of Floor Spa.

nil. R.eord to Wagoa,

- 1::.: v, Two-Ojl. Record,

HIS BEAUTIFUL colored PICTURE FREE

Printed In Six Brilliant Colors—Size 21 by 28 inches

We own the World-Famous. Champion Pacine Stallion. Dan Patch, and have Fine

Lithographs of him. They give complete record of all his Races and Fait

Miles and are Free of Advertising. The large Lithograph will

show Dan hitched as you see him in this engraving.

IT WILL BE MAILED FREE-Postage Prepaid

WIF YOU ANSWER THE "TWO QUESTIONS" AND SEND FOR BOOK DESCRIBED ABOVE."**

Polly found her spelling-lesson very
difficult, so her governess bought a pic-
torial book, in which every word pos-
sible was illustrated. Then Polly got
on rapidly — so rapidly that Miss Miller
began to be suspicious. So she put her
hand over the picture, and then asked
Polly:

"What does o-x spell?"

"Ox." answered Polly.

"How do you know?"

"Saw his tail!" exclaimed Polly
gleefully.

ORGANIZED 1S32.

ASSETS. $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALilER, President. W. H. JlcCARTHY, Secretary.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

MUSIC AS APPLIED TO THE NE-
GRO PROBLEM.
Mary Washington Early.
In slavery times, music formed tt
large and important element in the
lives of the negroes. It was the spon-
taneous expression of their naturally
cheerful, mirthful temperament. They
had harvest songs, corn shucking
songs and above all, they had hymns
in great abundance, with monotonous,
childish words, but often with beauti-
ful airs, some of them plaintive, and
others exultant. Strangers visiting
Richmond before the war were always
carried to the tobacco factories to hear
the negroes sing at their work, and
the visitors were astonished and de-
lighted at the rich, mellow voices of
the sable singers, the accuracy with
which they carried the different parts
of the song, and the perfect time they
kept. "Toll the bell for lovely Nell,
my dark Virginia bride." "Camptown
S,aces," "Uncle Ned." "Stop that knock-
ing at my door," and many other na-
tive songs were sung on these oc-
casions. Then there was wonderful
singing at the old African church in
Richmond, for the negro (who really
is of a religious nature when not cor-
rupted or inflated by evil counsel) is
in his element when singing hymns,
doing so with an unction and "aban-
don" which no white man but Moody
or Sanky could emulate.

But after the negroes were liber-
ated, and especially after a new gen-
eration had grown up, singing at their
work was gradually dropped, as care
and responsibility increased upon
them, and their old light hearted
mirthfulness died out. In the last
year or two, however, I have noticed
with pleasure that an effort is being
made in some localities to revive the
old time singing of negroes at their
work, and I trust that the system may
become generally inaugurated, as I
believe it will have a beneficial moid1
effect on them, appealing to and soft-
ening their emotional nature.

About a year ago, I read a state-
ment in a Louisville paper that "a
piano is now a part of the complement
of machinery in use in the factory of
the American Tobacco Company, of
Louisville, and the department of
music has received official recognition
In every tobacco manufacturing estab-
lishment operated by the Continental
or American Companies." It was sug-
gested to Mr. Smith, the general man-
ager, that the stemmers in the leaf de-
partment of the Continental factory
he allowed to sing while working, and
as Mr. Smith remembered that the
singing darkey in slavery times was
the best worker, he agreed to this sug-
gestion after consulting with the su-
perintendent. The experiment met
•with such success that it was soon
adopted by other factories under the
same control. It was found to have
a favorable effect both on the spirits
and work of the employees. They
were always In a good humor, and far

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

DEERING

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America. Chicago. U. S. A.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF — — '

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous
GAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd.

Females by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (sire of the highest
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of
females Royal Eric), Eulalies Uric 1656$, (2nd prize yearling bull at World's
Columbian), Beau BUI 13637 (champion of the West for two years), Baron Ida
28184 (champion at N. Y. State Fair 1891), Baronet of Advla 1226 (by the
"Judge" champion of the world).

Families represented in the herd are Coqnette, Queen Mother, Nosegay,
Westertown Rose, Old Rose of Advla, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd a»
good breeding as any herd in America. The individual animals in the herd
have been selected with the one aim "quality" In view. Come and see, or writ*
your order and let us guarantee a first-class animal.

Shipping point and depot, FlUgerald, N. C, on D. ft W., 24 miles S.-W. of
Danville, Va.

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

. . . REGISTERED . . .

ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS

of servicable age at a bargain.

Sh d n h d k rl D 1 1 n o t'ie ^es' °^ ^e breed
II C P II C I U r LI P O at $2.50 each. Come
and see or write. W. P. ALLEN, Prop, of Olen
Allen Stock Farm, Walnut Hill, Va.

SPRING LITTERS.

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given
time than any other breed.

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our
great JERSEY COWS. /

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO.

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.

Write for Free Catalogue.

(inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

433

less tired at the end of the day. The
superintendent at the American Cigar
factory was so pleased with the ex-
periment that he asked for permission
to purchase a piano. This was grant-
ed, and he next employed a young
woman to play on ii at intervals dur-
ing the day — either as a solo or as an
accompaniment to the singing. The
workers were delighted with this in-
novation, and all of them agreed that
the day seemed much shorter than it
used to do.

Nor is singing at their work con-
fined exclusively to negroes in tabocco
factories. Some months ago, I read a
very interesting description of the
singing of the negroes as they worked
in the lime quarries near Nashville.
Tennessee. "This city," says the
writer, "is situated in the centre of
a great limestone section, and is sur-
rounded by a cordon of quarries and
lime kilns, many of which employ
from 100 to 150 negroes. There is no
more entertaining sight than to watch
the negroes drilling blast holes in the
rock with their long steel instruments.
They begin work early in the morn-
ing, silently at first, but it is not many
minutes before one of their number
starts a song, and little by little, the
others join in till the entire 125 are
singing as they work. At the same
time that the singing commences, the
quarrymen catch the cadence and make
their drills beat time to the words and
music of the song, so the visitor be-
holds 125 half naked, perspiring ne-
groes, all singing one song, not a man
out of time, not a discordant note, not
one of them singing too fast or too
slow, but all keeping perfect time as
though led by a trained orchestra
leader. Their arms, heads and bodies
are likewise all keeping time. At a
certain note and word of the song
every one of the 125 drills is raised
simultaneously, and as the song rises
and swells to the climax, all these
drills fall on the hard stone with a
resounding clang."

This description reminds me strong-
ly of the account Lafcadio Hearn
gives of the negroes singing at their
work in the West Indies, of the won-
derfully accurate time they keep, not
only with their voices, but with their
gestures, in singing. This exquisite
perception of time which even the
roughest and most ignorant negroes
appear to possess as a natural gift
seems to afford a fine basis for a mus-
ical education. It surprises me that
more negroes do not betake them-
selves to a musical vocation. With
proper advantages, they would. I be-
lieve, be better able to vie with the
white race in this pursuit than in any
other art or profession. With the
strong race prejudice so generally ex-
isting against negroes in this country,
it would be difficult or impossible for
any negro musician (however gifted)
to get admission into any troupe or
caste of white performers, but if a con-
cert or opera troupe could be organ-

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

I

MCCORMICK

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America. Chicago. U. S. A.

THE GROVE STOCK FARM

1 OFFER THIS MONTH

1 YEAR OLD, REGISTERED. PRICE TO INCLUDE TRANSFER.

1 HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ™l'J8™nt}\s old> sired hy

"Sir Netherland of the Grove,"
Dam "Floyd Reynolds." Also 3 young bulls, 9 months old, sire
of these bulls has 24 of his nearest ancestors that gave 21 lbs. of
butter in 7 days. T. 0. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

N. & W. AND SOUTHERN R. R.

xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx

x QsmontdorsetS 1

X

CISMONT STOCK FARM oflers well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

X

5

X Prices reasonable.

6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va.

X

XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM g°*S??!

You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No
iamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb
in December.

One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see them.
J. P. and H. B. ARBUCKLE. Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

HEEBNER'STSt-S' HORSE POWER

and Little Giant Thresher and Cleaner

main the bundle st and moat economical tbn-ibln? outBt known.

oixhum. llmoUij. cie. Capacity MO WiW boa. R*.
oranTolbfrr-.-crlfi.Mremvl. Tw»d pow-
'bpllloe. aawlnt wool, pumping. Mpnratlntt

H> I BUB i SOUS, Efo.ll Broad Hi,. LaoMlatt, Pa.

434

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

ized entirely out of well trained and
highly educated negro musicians, I
believe the results would be fine, but
probably such an experiment, if made
at all, would have to be carried out in
one of the old countries.

But I have, however, a far more
feasible suggestion to make in regard
to music amongst negroes: I would
strongly advocate its introduction into
the negro schools. While we are pay-
ing millions to have them taught
Latin, grammar and algebra (which
make them neither more useful nor
moral citizens) let some of that money
and a very considerable part of it, be
applied to introducing music into ne-
gro schools, and thence indirectly into
their homes. Have an organ or a piano
(or both) with some competent person
to play on them and to instruct the
negro pupils in music. I venture to
say they will prove apt ones, as a love
and quick ear for music are gifts that
nature has bestowed on the sable race.
I was especially struck with this fact
in the case of a raw. uncouth little
negro girl of the "Topsy" type, in the
service of a family who bought a very
fine large concert graphophone which
played "Rusticana Cavalleria," the
"Toreador" song from Carmen and
other classical music. A few days
after its arrival, the little negro girl
might be heard, repeating these intri-
cate airs with wonderful accuracy, as
she picked up her chips or performed
her other simple tasks. Their quick
ear for sound enables, them to learn to
spell and read more rapidly than white
children, though they do not keep up
with the latter after the first stages
of learning are passed.

The benefit that negroes have de-
rived from the school routine is a
questionable point. I see negro boys
staggering under the weight of their
school books (including Latin and al-
gebra) and yet doubtless there are
some among them who would, if op-
portunity were given, commit the most
monstrous crime known to humanity.
What they need far more than book
learning is moral training and re-
straint, and music would conduce to
this by softening and refining their
natures, and supplying them with an
innocent source of enjoyment at home,
or in their own social circle, for music
draws young people together Innocent-
ly and pleasantly, leads to choir prac-
tising and other forms of concerted
music, and even when practised in its
most primitive forms, exerts a benefi-
cial influence. By all means, then, let
the authorities who have such things
in charge, see to it that a liberal part
of the funds set apart for negro educa-
tion be applied to introducing music
into the negro schools.

Mabt Washington Early.

Bedford Co., Ta.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

DUST SPRAY!

Are You Interested?

LISTEN!

Machines and Formulae

were used 1 a every comparative test made as ike standard system. -Growers use
recommend them exerjwhere. Ve mike oar compounds and guarantee strength, purity
and keeping qualities, •or stock compound of chemically pure sulphate of copper and
lime will form no new compounds, remain in suspension until applied to the tree and thert
oid Mother Nature makes the Bordeaux mixture. We are in close touch with all who use
the svstem : we know what ttev are do:ng: we publish i t. Do tod. want to find out? Write
to headquarters. DL'ST SPRAYER MFG. CO., 510 Broadway," kaosas City, Mo. Dept. F

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

?h£d/a^s ACROBAT 68460.

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome.

Come and inspect the oest herd in the bouth
ROSEHONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. -

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle ■:- Berkshire Hoes

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

\ E. M. GILLET & SON, - Glencoe, Haryland.

" " " v ' ' '- •- I I 1 ! IT-

r» ni in i ri ii ; is

Hereford Cattle.

Sires in service: IMP. SALISBURY 76U59 (19083); LARS JR. 85297.

My present offering consists of Bull Calves, Aged Bulls, tested and ready for
service; breeding Cows in calf to above lires. Thase cattle are bred riant and well
developed and the prices are attractive Call and make your pergonal selection or
write. I have shipped Herefords, ordered by letter, satisfactorily into more than
a dozen States.

Murray Boocock, Owner Castalia Herefords,

Reswich, Alb. Co., Va.

Registered * Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

American Royal SHow

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Special Offer:

Two Cows, young, bred to Prince Rupert.

All Inquiries CHeerfvilly Answered.

EDWARD 6. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, BRIGGS, Clarke Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

established the
supremacy of

Does it Not Suggest

more than breed and feed when you see the limit reached in animal development? It is relief

from lice and all parasites, freedom from disease health first, last, always. Open the door

to possibilities Long continued use and manifold tests by high authorities have

N

«j ii gallons ©0.--0, ireignt prepaid. j&%.

Disinfectant, Antiseptic, Lice Killer.

tJnequaled cure for wire cuts, galls, screw-worms, mance, etc. The one sure means of

maintaining sanitary conditions. Three tin.es exclusively UM->l,r.HH-:i, to nestrov disease

germs and prevent contagion at the International lave Stock Exposition at 'Chicago.

"The Great Coal Tar Carbolic Disinfectant Dip."

If you are not posted on Zeooletun's duty and standing among stork men, investigate
at once. '-Veterinary Adviser" and "I'iggie's Troubles," most valuable hand books, mailed
Sample gallon Zenoleum M.60, expreaa piepald. tcuucd mciyrci>T»yT nn
6 gallons 80.35, freight prepaid. — • ZENNER DISINFECTANT CO..

93 Bates St., Detroit, Michigan.

NAMES OF FERTILIZING ELE-
MENTS.

In older States nitrogen is commonly
sold under the name of "ammonia,"
phosphorus under the name of "phos-
phoric acid" and potassium under the
name of "potash." To the farmer who
really wishes and tries to understand
the subject of plant food these names
are very confusing; indeed, it is al-
most impossible for any one but a
chemist to understand how these ele-
ments of plant food can be bought and
sold under such absurd names. Let
us consider for example the material
sodium nitrate. This contains the three
elements sodium, nitrogen and oxygen,
as the name indicates (-ate means
oxygen), and it is valued only for the
nitrogen it contains, which amounts to
nearly 16 per cent, in a good commer-
cial grade of sodium nitrate. This is
all simple enough. If sodium nitrate
contains 16 per cent, of nitrogen this
would be 320 pounds of nitrogen in a
ton of the material, and, at 15 cents
a pound for nitrogen, a ton of sodium
nitrate would be worth about $48. It
is both absurd and unnecessarily com-
plicated to sell sodium nitrate on the
basis of "ammonia." First, because it
contains no "ammonia"; second, be-
cause "ammonia" is not what the plant
needs; and, third, because it is not
"ammonia" that we would wish to buy
even if we needed to purchase nitro-
gen. Ammonia is a compound of ni-
trogen and hydrogen, but no hydrogen
is contained in sodium nitrate, and we
have no need to purchase hydrogen, as
water contains an abundance of that
element.

Let us consider steamed bonemeal.
This is valued for its phosphorus con-
tent, but in the older States it is sold
on the basis of "phosphoric acid." This
is perhaps more confusing and more
absurd than "ammonia." Phosphoric
acid is not contained in bonemeal, and
phosphoric acid is not suifable for plant
food, and people do not mean phos-
phoric acid when they say phosphoric
acid. What they do mean is phos-
phoric oxid, a compound of phosphorus
and oxygen, containing less than 44
per cent, of the element phosphorus,
the real thing which we wish to pur-
chase. Phosphoric acid is a compound

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

P\ircellville,Va.

BERKSHIRE PIGS

now ready for shipment ; 10 to 12 weeks
old, from directly imported sows or from
sows of imported blood on both sides ;
sired bv my 4 UNSURPASSED HERD
HEADER BOARS from N. Benjaheld,
0. Collins Smith, James Lawrence and
R. W. Hudson all of England. BRED
SOWS, GILTS and ready-for-service
BOARS. Prices as low or lower than
those of any other STANDARD breeders, novices not reckoned.

TH0S.1S. WHITE, FassifernSStock Farm, LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

gleFarTn BERKSHIRES

are of the bluest blooded strains of English and American breeding. The Boars,
Imported LOYAL HUNTER and LEE TOPPER, bred by Biltmore Farms, head
the herd. Can furnish pigs out of imported sows and by imported boars ; also from
best American bred animals, grand-daughter of such celebrated boars as First
Catch F, Manor Favorite, etc. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Proprietor, Roanoke, Va

THE - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HAR MAN, Jr., Prop.,
We breed and ship the beat strains of

Law ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and get the best.

6 coming 2 roar old JERSEY HEIFERS tor
sale: also 2 fine Jersey Cows: 1 yearling heifer,
a perfect beauty. Write for price.

ALEX. HARMAN, M(r.,Leilo|toa, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

SOTJTHEBN PLAKTEB.

436

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[June,

of phosphorus, oxygen and hydrogen,
the last two elements being contained
in water. Even phosphoric oxid is
not contained in bonemeal, and that
compound would not be a suitable
form of phosphorus for plant food.
Why all this unnecessary complica-
tion? Good steamed bonemeal contains
about 12* per cent, of phosphorus, or
250 pounds of phosphorus in a ton.
This is a valuable element of plant
food. At 12 cents a pound for phos-
phorus the steamed bonemeal would be
worth about $30 a ton. This is all sim-
ple and plain enough so that any one
can easily and fully understand it, the
farmer as well as the fertilizer dealer
or manufacturer.

Again, let us consider such a mate-
rial as potassium chlorid. a compound
of the two elements potassium and
chlorin, containing in the common
market grade about 42 per cent, of the
element potassium. This compound is
commonly sold in the older States un-
der the incorrect and confusing name
of "muriate of potash." and it is sold
on the basis of "potash." The term
muriate, ending in -ate, would indi-
cate that this material contains oxy-
gen, but this is not true, as it contains
only potassium and chlorin, although
there is no indication of chlorin in the
name of muriate of potash. Potash
is a compound of potassium and oxy-
gen, ontaining 83 per cent, of the ele-
ment potassium; but there is no oxy-
gen in potassium chlorid, and conse-
quently there is no potash in potas-
sium chlorid. Furthermore, potash,
which is potassium acid, is a lye
("this is no joke") and not suitable
for plant food, and it contains the ele-
ment oxygen which nobody cares to
-purchase, as the air is one-fifth oxy-
gen and water is eight-ninths oxygen.

Potassium is a valuable element of
plant food. Ordinary potassium cho-
rid contains about 42 per cent, of that
element, or about 840 pounds in a ton
of material, which at 6 cents a pound
for potassium would be worth $50.40
a ton. This again is direct and simple
and all that is necessary fully to un-
derstand the purchase of this element.

Of course we can say "potash" and
explain what we mean by it. For ex-
ample, if potassium cholrid contains
42 per cent, of potassium it contains
sufficient potassium to make about 50
per cent, of potash if the potassium
were made to unite with oxygen to
form potash, but as the potash which
might thus be formed would contain
oxygen its value per pound would be

THE "ELI

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Balers.

A truin of folio

super!

hut

Proves i~ -.

ity wherever it poes.
Makes tlyrht shapely bales,

38 Stylet
and Sizes

fcYOJdaai idde nts and endures. Little. Iniff.t rvmendou-
MTCr, * — "*>'« uf special features. Write f or free Ell catalogue.

Collin* Plow Co., 1 18S Hampshire St., Qulncy, 111,

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

CHAMPION

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, XJ. S. A.

...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers...

TOR SALE

Berkshire sows due to furrow in April and May, several boars large enough for
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin.

EGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Eock
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier
puppies by imported Kozanne.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

POLAND CHINAS.

Choice PIGS, BOARS and
GILTS of fine breeding and in-
dividuality ; also

SHROPSHIRE: RAMS.

Pedigrees furnished ; stock guaranteed as represented and if
not satisfactory, may be returned at my expense. Prices low.

J. F. DURRETTE, Birdwood, Albemarle Co., Va.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Crapt ■vines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Currants,
•itrawberries, Horse-I< atli.-h, Asparagus, Devrbcriies and

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade
Trees, Ornamental fcbrubs and Hedge Plants.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at *1.00 per II.
Also * few pullets and cockerela of theee breeda at $1.00 each for immediate de-
livery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

437

less than that of potassium, the value
of potash depending entirely on the
amount of potassium it would con-
tain. By remembering that potash
would contain only about 83 per cent,
of potassium it will be seen that with
potassium at 6 cents a pound would
be worth only about 5 cents a pound,
and consequently that a ton of potas-
sium cholrid (or shall we say "muriate
of potash"?) containing sufficient po-
tassium to make 50 per cent, of pot-
ash would contain in one ton enough
potassium to make 1.000 pounds of
potash, which at 5 cents a pound for
potash would make $50 a ton for po-
tassium chlorid; or if we were to make
all the computations with absolute ac-
curacy it would come out $50.40, as
given for potassium.

I once spent nearly two hours' time
with a very progressive and intelli-
gent Illinois farmer who desired me
to explain exactly what muriate of
potash is and what the analysis show-
ing 50 per cent, of potash means. After
nearly two hours' work he actually
gave the problem up, saying that he
could not understand it. As a chemist
I can understand it. but I cannot un-
derstand why scientific men working
in the interest of agriculture should
encourage the continuation of sucn an
outrageous system for reporting the
analysis of fertilizers or plant food ma-
terials. About the only reason whlfcl.
is ever given for using the terms am-
monia, phosphoric acid and potash is
that they do so in the older States, al-
though there are some people who say
that the farmers do not need to un-
derstand the matter.

It may be that there would be some
difficulty in the older States in chang-
ing from these long-used though mis-
used names to the names of the ele-
ments, but it would be no more diffi-
cult than to change from the older
money systems to the decimal systems,
as has been done by almost every civ-
ilized nation excepting England, or to
change from the old cumbersome sys-
tems of weights and measures to the
simpler metric system, as has been
done by nearly all countries excepting
the United States and Great Britain.
Certainly we have no right to force
these old incorrect and meaningless
names on the progressive farmers of
the great Central West. They desire
to understand both the practice and
science of agriculture. It is only in
agriculture that these absurd names
are used. In the steel and iron indus-
try, when they have anything to say
about phosphorus, they say phospho-
rus; in pharmacy and medicine when
they say phosphoric acid they mean
phosphoric acid.

In a late publication from the Unit
ed States Department of Agriculture

Bear in Mind

Hogs require a remedy compounded espe
ClaHy to prevent and arrest their diseases. It
is absurd to oxpect satisfactory results from
any preparation claimed to be a cure-all for
oil animal ailments, especially the "cheap
stock foods" that are recommended for about
everything.

The pioneer exclusive hog remedy, the peer of them all, the one that has stood the
severest tests for nearly 30 years, the one used by leading hog raisers in America and
Europe, the one that is guaranteed by a ncrvT TTTrT ,7 rTTAniilTrrn
guarantee, that guarantees is DR. JOSEPH ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEED
HAAS HOG KE.MEDV. Prices. 25-lb. can,

$12.50; 12%-lb. can, $6.50 prepaid; packages, $2.50, $1.25 and 50 cents each. None gen-
uine without my signature on package or can label.

HOGS PAID FOR IF THEY DIE.
When my Remedy is fed under the conditions of my Insurance Proposition. Any
bank or irust company in Indianapolis, or the mercantile agencies, will tell you that I
am rinrtiictrtllv auie to cflrry out my Insurance
rontracts.

HOG BOOK FREE

"HOGOLOGY," my book about bogs, will
be sent FREE it' you mention the Southern
Planter when asking for it. It tells all about
my insurance proposition and makes bog-
raising easy to all who follow the advice
given. It covers the subject of hog raising
from A to Z, not in theory, but through
found in a lifetime devoted to the
study of the hog.

\

JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

.--",-,.'

FOOD

ACTS LIKE MAGIC

Thirteen vears' successful use has proven Manfield's MAGIC STOCK FOOD to be abso-
lutely the best animal Tonic and system Regulator for HORSES. CATTLE, SHEEP and
HOGS It contains all the necessary requirements. It Is purely vegetable, and is guar-
anteed to be safe and effectual, or money refunded. A hard winter on stock leaves them
in a run down condition and in such cases Magic Food is necessary. Stock and Poultry
raising cannot be entirely successful without Magic Food. MAGIC FOOD is Imitated. Get
the genuine, avoid substitutes.

Every Farmer and Stock Owner who sends his address to the Magic Food Co., Chatta-
nooga. Tenn., will receive free by mail a valuable book on the management of Stock and
Poultry, and three nice colored pictures, without advertisements and well worth framing.

Magic Poultry food will KEEP THE FLOCK HEALTHY, and make hens lay. Sold by
3,000 dealers in 33 States.

If your dealer does not keep it, write to us.

DR. A. C. DANIELS

Can save you Money, save your Horse,
save your Mule or save your Cow. j-j-

%E. i:^ Home Treatment for Horses and Cattle.

Sick and Lame Horses Made Well. Weak Cows Made Strong. Better
Book for the asking of your druggist or dealer, or send to

Breeders and Milkers-

DR. A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, MASS.

Mention the Planter.

MMtiw niiw A.Am nir rimmrn until you have investigated

DON T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES -the master workman

and 15th St!.. CHICAGO

438

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[June,

Bureau of Soils (Bulletin No. 22, "The
Chemistry of the Soil as Related to
Crop Production"), all analyses re-
ported show the amount of the ele-
ment potassium and not potash.

Already several of the States have
passed laws compelling the use of ni-
trogen in place of ammonia in fertil-
izer analysis and the Illinois Legisla-
ture upon request of the Illinois State
Farmers' Institute has passed a law
requiring that all fertilizers sold in
this State shall bear a statement of
the analyses which shall show the ex-
act percentages of the three elements
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
contained in the fertilizer sold. The
Illinois fertilizer manufacturers sup-
ported the bill for this law making the
purchase and use of plant food more
readily intelligible to the farmer, and
it is not too much to hope that other
States will join in reducing the pur-
chase and sale of fertilizers and the
use of plant food to the simplest pos-
sible basis. Cyiul G. Hopkins.

University of Illinois.

(To b« Continued.)

THE DEMING POWER SPRAYING
OUTFIT.
One of the most satisfactory gaso-
line spraying outfits is the one lately
brought out by the Deming Company,
of Salem, Ohio, the well known manu-
facturers of spraying appliances. We
reproduce this model outfit complete,
engine, sprayer and tank mounted on
a wagon all ready for use. The pump
is double acting ana may be speeded
to 50 revolutions per minute. Safety

valve and pressure gauge are fitted to
the air chamber which may be re-
lieved at any desired pressure up to
125 pounds. The tank is provided
with mechanical agitator to secure a
perfect mixing of spraying material.
The engine is perfect working and has
every provision for safety. It is water
cooled, water being supplied by an in-
genious piping and doing away with
the necessity for pumping. Hie base
of the outfit io a ci! ii ; .'or the

cooling water. L is provided with
strong electric igniter and its current
is furnished by improved dry batteries.
The oiling is simple and there is easy
access to every part.

+

Local agencies and complete repair stocks everywhere

PLANO

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

THE OAKS:

offers "Show Yard" material in a

Reg. MORGAN STALLION

Rising 2 years old, mahogany bay, white hind feet, diamond between nos-
trils; also a Reg. SHORTHORN BULL, red with white switch; good enough
to show in any company. Stock guaranteed as represented or can be re-
turned at my expense. B. B. BUCHANAN Bedford Citv, Va.

tS9B9

CHESTER WHITES.

Registered Herd— First Premium stock ; l»rgest and
most prolific lii< on record: 3 Sows -11 Pigs; breeding
Stock i00 to 700 pounds; easy feeders and quickly
developed Sows, Boars and Pigs for sale My time
to this breed exclusively. Only strictly first class
stock shipped.

r. M. FUNKHOUSER.-WincHester. Va.

Reference: Farmers and Merchants National Bank,

Winchester, Va.

— REGISTERED —

ULs A.3NT ID - O JET IN A.

Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and young sows
with pics. Tamworth pigs 8 wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va.

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the VERY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor at the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warretton.

FOR THE PLANTER

thcClnner, the Farmer, the Miller, the Sawyor, or Anybody Else who dee
highly ._t|i, hut power wliirh will rcijtiiro liti lv space, nothing Quite cqua

Lfif f Gl Combined il,S,n? avn(j Boiler

1. p. Hemg mounted on skids wtth engtl!
idle and will stand tin- tinniest kind of us

t mill owners. We also moke other engi.

once for our special hook on "Power Eco

ge. i ireat fav©rlt08 With
■s In great variety. Write
lomy and Efficiency.** It

James Leff el & Co, Box 134 Springfield, O.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 439

BILTMORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. > * *

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with a» individuality
that wins in the show Tin**.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular ef the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for
breeding »nd individuality. They are by noted lires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.

jt * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. > >

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs' from eur prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last trvo seasons. If you want winners von
J must breed from winners.

| Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

J apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c.

Eggs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

** ** Is now booking orders for e8gs f®r hatching from strictly pure, high-class j^ **
*^* ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / .' .* Staunton, Va

440

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

A HAT-PIN.

ALL ABOUT IT.

Oh. Reginald Van Buren lived

A very happy life.
Until one day a gift he bought

And gave it to his wife.

The gift was just a hat-pin, but

The head was an odd tint,
A sort of brown enamel with

A lovely reddish glint.

Was Regprie's wife deligted? Well,

Delighted! — she was that!
She cried. "To match this hat-pin, why,

I'll have to have a hat!"

She got a hat to match the pin;

To match the hat, a veil;
And now we are but started on

This very thrilling tale.

To match the veil she got some gloves;

To match the gloves, a purse;
And from that moment, really,

Things went from bad to worse.

To match the purse she got a skirt;

To match the skirt, a waist;
To match the waist she got a cloak:

All chosen with good taste

To match th? hat-pin. Then she
bought

Innumerable things,
From lingerie to things you see,

From shoestrings up to rings.

To match this toilette all complete

The parlor was arranged;
To match the parlor, next the house

From basement up was changed.

But when this transformation scene
Was finished and complete,

The dear dame thought the dwelling-
place
Was better than the street.

And so she found a street to match
Her dwelling and her gown;

And then. "Alas, alack!" she cried.
"The street don't match the town!"

Poor Reginald Van Buren stormed,

While Mrs. Reggie cried;
She had hysterics, got quite ill,

And pined away and died.

l'envoi.
So. husbands, now take warning all,

Unless you'd live in strife;
Give any mortal present but

A hat-pin to your wife.
— Harold Melbourne, in May Lippon-
cott's.

Mr. W. A. Sargent, the owner of the
famous Maplemont Stock Farm Collie
Kennels, has sold his farms and lands
in Vermont and bought a place in
South Athol, Mass. This move on the
part of Mr. Sargent, is made that he
may devote his whole attention to Col-
lies, of which he makes a specialty.
The new address is Maplemont Ken-
nels, South Athol, Mass.

St Hlbans
5cix>ol

SlTlATED ON A

Suhnx Headland

above the

Banks of New River,

IN THE

Blue Grass Region
of Virginia

Prepares Boys

FOR UNIVERSITY OR
FOR BUSINESS^>^^^

SEND FOB ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS
PUBLISHED "PLAN OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL."

Address. W. H RANDOLPH,

Head Master,

Radford, - - - Virginia.

CHARTERED 18T0

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.
Capital Stock, - - - $200,000.00

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445.75

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmend and Commonwealth
of Virginia.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this

Bank oners superior facilities for direct and quick collections.
JNO. F.BKANCH, JNO. K.BRANCH, JOHN F. GLENN

Preiident. Vice-President. Caihier

DO YOUR TRADING ^flk

Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name of LUMSDEN
on anything in the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line is a standard •( quality.

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY.

STERLING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS.

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS. $3.30. Write for our catalogue; it contalas
many articles on which we can lave you money.

C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established I835, 73I East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Where to Sell Your WOOL

WE ARE THE LEADING DEALERS IN THE WOOL TRADE IN VIRGINIA.

HIGHEST MARKET PRICK PAID, and no Commission, Freight, &c.
charged- SACKS FURNISHED FREE. Checks remitted promptly.
Correspond with us when ready to sell.

THE WALLERSTEIN PRODUCE CO., 19 &21 So. 13th St., Richmond, Va.

References : American National Bank and Richmond merchants generally.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

441

HEALTHY BEDROOMS.
Each person requires 1,000 cubic feet
of air in the sleeping room. Measure
the room you sleep in and see if you
have 1.000 cubic feet. Multiply the
length by the breadth, and then multi-
ply this product by the height of the
room, and if this equals 1,000 you have
1,000 cubic feet. For instance, your
room is 10 feet square and 10 feet high,
then you have exactly 1.000 cubic feet
in your sleeping-room. A room of this
size, if it is well ventilated, is, says
Science Sittings, sufficient for healthy
respiration. If it is smaller than this,
it is insufficient. If your sleeping-
room is only eight feet high, it should
be a little over eleven feet square.
From these examples anyone can fig-
ure up for himself the size of his sleep-
ing-room. Generally speaking, how-
ever, if more attention were paid in
the direction of keeping bedroom win-
dows open all night, summer and win-
ter, less attention would be required
as to the size of the room.

"NO MORE DOCTORS FOR ME."
East Troy, Wis., April 16. 1904.
Dr. Jos. Haas, Indianapolis, Ind.:

Dear Sir. — I would not be without
your Remedy. A party at Beloit has
just lost $10,000 through the loss of
his herd of fine hogs. He had Doctors
there night and day but they were of
no use as the hogs died just the same.
I do not think he was wise or he
would have used Dr. Haas' Hog Rem-
edy. I employed the best doctor in
Waukesha county when my hogs were
sick yet they died. No more doctors
for me as long as I can get Dr. Haas'
Remedy. Truly yours,

F. A. Rhodes.

At a concert held at a certain town
a soldier of the Black Watch occu-
pied a seat in front of a private of an
Irish regiment and his sweetheart.
The latter was very much interested
in the Highlander's uniform, and
scanned the regimental badge on his
cap and collar particularly. This
badge is the figure and cross of St.
Andrew, with the motto, "Nemo me
impune lacessit." (No one annoys me
with impunity.)

"Phwat does that writin' mane,
Patsy?" asked the girl.

"Phwy," replied Pat, "it's Latin, but
I've forgotten the English av it. But
in good ould Oirish it manes, "Thread
on the tail av me coat if ye dare!"

IMPORTANT TO FARMERS.

Carthage, N. C, April 9. 1904.— I
have carefully examined the plan of
Bryan Tyson for balancing the manure
of various domestic animals and I
find it to be correct and easily proven.

I believe that if it is generally used
by the farmers it will result in much
benefit to them. J. J. Payseuk.

Prin. of Carthage Academy.

Carthage Blade, April 28, 1904.

Local agencies and complete repair «tocks everywhere

MILWAUKEE

HARVESTERS

International Harvester Co. of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting
it with niir_MMM&

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2k squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enter
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized!and
= Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

442

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

IGNORANT OF ITS USE.

Old Doctor Miskelli, of the Red Bank
neighborhood, '.vas very fond of chew
ing tobacco, and he was, moreover, a
bit careless as to where he expecto
rated.

On one occasion he had called at the
home of Mrs. Simmons, an old lady
who believed that cleanliness jjomes
next to Godliness. This lady, knowing
the spitting proclivities of the Doctor,
had provided for his use a fancy china
cuspidor. The Doctor, however, ig-
nored its presence and continued spit-
ting upon the floor of the veranda
where they were seated. At the same
time Mrs. Simmons kept moving the
cuspidor gently into a more and more
favorable position for the old gentle-
man's use.

Finally, becoming exasperated at the
queer doings of his hostess, the Doctor
with some warmth exclaimed. —

"Mrs. Simmons, if you don't move
that thing I'm going to spit in it!" —
Hugh A. C. Walker, in May Lippin-
cott's.

Nothing but the best and purest
shaving soap should ever be used on
the face. The tendency to use "any
old soap" is dangerous and untidy and
often causes soreness and irritation
that may result seriously. Poor soaps
bite and sting and take the edge off
your razor; in fact, they are unsatis-
factory in every way. We advise the
use of Williams' Shaving Soap as a
means of overcoming all these difficul-
ties. Send a 2 nent stamp to the J. B.
Williams Co., Glastonbury. Conn., for
a trial sample.

A student in one of the theological
seminaries recently went up for exami-
nation, and it was seen that he was
sadly deficient ir. his knowledge of the
Bible. It was also seen that he could
not pass, Dut the examiner, who want-
ed to show that he knew something,
asked him if there was any verse in
the Bible that he knew. Yes, the
young man knew one.

"What is it?"

" 'Judas went out and hanged him-
self.' "

"Don't you know any other?"

"Yes, just one."

"You may repeat that one also."

" 'Go thou and do likewise.' "

Have you read the story of "Sam-
uel Slow and Solomon Spry"? It tells
about saving work and making money
on the farm. Send for a free copy.
Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, III.

A sheep dip that kills insects with-
out injury to the animal or its skin
and fleece, prevents fresh attacks, kills
nits and eggs, also in one dipping, has
no objectionable smell and acts also
as a tonic and stimulant to the fleece
certainly has claim to patronage. The
Cooper Dip claims all these conditions.

GENUINE OUVER CHILLED
BEAM

RS.

PLOWS

This far-famed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you is worthy of all that
Is said In praise of it. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

Write for this FREE catalogue
at once.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

v Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 5i Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

****Jh-

Season is at hand. HEN
PRODUCTS higher than
ever. Our prices low. Write
for Free Catalogue. r

SPRAY NOW

and save your fruit and
vegetables. CATALOGUE
and Spraying Calendar
giving FORMULAS, free
for the asking.

Our Pumps used by Vir-
ginia and North Carolina
Agricultural Departments

Pumps, Wind Mills,
Rams, Fencing, Gasoline
Engines, etc.

Sydnor Pump and Well Co., Inc.,

BOX 949.

RICHMOND, VA.

The

CKER CHURN

ntirely the res

the butter troi
Made of tasteless «

It of its own motion-

Boilin

uacbinery inside or out to

Its Special Advantages

■e: l— simplicity. S— Least Motion. 3— Gravity does the churning*
iliiM i-iin t'per.ife it. *- Absolutely im n.iju-t inents. always ready,
-Nothing but the churn box to clean, easily accessible ft— Violent
;iidH"n nf cream without paddles or Mn^liers. 7— Gives the nnest
,■!,-, I butter Ol air. chain OH the market. WE PAY THE FREIGHT.
Your money back If not ■■llsfled. In ei eht Convenient sizes, 8 to 60
Uiona, Price u right as Bhoqua-llty. Illustrated circulars free.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

443

A. C. SINTON. President,

R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President.

J. J. SUTTON. Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sis., Richmond, Va

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and
Harness. «£ *$ <& &

INCORPORATED 1893.

PEERLESS ENGINE.

FLEXIBLE, DISC I

BEMENT IMPROVED WEEDER.

ALL STYLES OF BUGGIES.

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend. Dixie
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

A large and complete stock of open and
top buggies, surreys and spring wagons.
Fish, Weber and Columbus two-horse Farm
Wagons. Champion and Hickory one-horse
Wagons. John Deere and Continental Disc
Cultivator. Roderick Lean Land Rollers.

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cyclone
Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, Daln Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman Ail-Steel, full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for me horse, a good, cheap press. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well
known Mlnnich Hand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shelters, for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock.
Several good second-hand Engines and other
Becond-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Tics. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.
A full line of Planet Jr., Garden TooIb.

We will be glad to mail you a copy
of our new catalogue.

EXTENSION TOP SURREY.

FISH and WEBER WAGONS.

FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW.

COMBINED CULTIVATOR, AND HORSE HOE.

SOUTH BEND PLOW.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th and Franklin and 14th and Main Streets, - - RICHMOND, VA.

44-1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June.

THERE'LL BE XO IRISH THERE.

A woman sat in a street-car in a
Canadian town one day when trie car
stopped at a crossing and another
woman got in and sat beside the first
woman, saying. "Well, well, Mrs. Fiew-
close. wherever have you been all sum-
mer?''

"Oh. we were at the Lake."

"So were we — at Grand Bend."

"We were at Port Stanley," said the
woman who had opened the oratorical
contest.

"Have a nice time?"

"Well, not exactly. There's so many
Irish there," she added with a weary
look, but without so much as a glance
about the car.

"Same way at the Bend — Irish, Irish
everywhere."

A stout lady under a green hat that
turned up behind sat in the seat im-
mediately in front of the elocutionists.
The stout lady turned and sized them
up, but by this time they were dead to
the world.

As the car rattled on they talked of
everything and most everybody, and
finally fetched up at the summer re-
sorts with Irish for dessert.

By this time there was Irish stew in
the front seat.

The stout person under the pea-green
hat turned and shone on them. "La-
dies." she began, "i'ave me give yez a
bit uv advice — the nixt time ye get a
holiday, yez better spend it in hell—
there'll be no Irish there." — Cy War
man. in May Lippincott's.

EQUAL OF CAFSTIC BALSAM CAX-
XOT BE FOUND.
Portsmouth. Va.. Jan. 23, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland,
Ohio:

I use your GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC
BALSAM for blistering and its equal
cannot be found. I never use any
other. P. C. CODD, V. S.

SPLIT HICKORY SPECIAL topbuccy

This Is a strictly high quality baggy at a rery low price
nothing cheap abont the baggy, $75 Is the very least i
would be sola for by any dealer, and you will see that
worth that price when yours arrives^ We propose

Z^Stlfo Try It Thirty Days Free

The price to you is but #50, the cheapest price at whi

a buggy of this quality was ever sold. It leads them al

in finish, style, quality and durability. If you do not

agree with us that it is the bicge-st buggy bargain you

ever saw and well worth *75, you are not obliged to

keep it. Our free trial plan protects you. VTe do not

ask you to take our word for anything, bat you get the

baggy on trial, hitch up to it, use it as you would voui

own. and decide for yourself. We carry on hand a large"

quantity of these baggies in rubbing varnish ready fc

finish, which permits our making any reasonable changes

in the finish or construction and shipping without unnecessary delav.

Here are a few of the 100 POINTS OF MERIT. L<c;- — which prevents backward and

forward motion, strengthens the gear and braces the body. Screwed rirr. wheefa hot set, % inch round edge
steel tires, oil tempered springs, long dirtaoce axles, cemented axle beds, iwo *xtrs cli^s on axles more than
are famished on other bopeies . choice of wooden spring bar or Bailey body loop, 16ot imported all wool Vroad-
cloth cpholjtering , open bottom spring cushion, solid panel sprine back, water-proof top with genuine No. 1
rubber roof and back curtain, back curtain lined and rein-
all wood work carried 100 fiaj-s in pare oil and lead, padded
than ordinary | full length velvet carpel toe car-

enameled leather quarters and back stays, SB c

forced, oil and lead system of painting, 16 coats

patent leather dash 13 inches high (2 inches high'

carpets, board boot on back of body, lined seat ends, rubber side curtains quick shirt-.np shaft couplings, double

braced shafts with heel and corner braces, 36 inch point leathers, rocni leathers cm single tree, Un

A FEW FUGITIVE OUERIES.

Is a plain face an open countenance?
(Not so bad.)

Are all blondes ligbt-headed?
(Clever! )

Can a big bluff be termed a Hill?
(Tut! tut!)

If you strike a bell buoy can you
ring the bell for a boy? (Gee, but
that's fierce! )

What's the us« of living in sky
attics when you only get sciatica?
(That's worse.)

If you ask a man to have a drink
and he replies. "I'd like to, and you
say, "Me, too." do two and two make
four? (Sure, Mike!)

Lawyer — What was the thing that
led to your financial downfall? You
seemed to be doing a good business.

Bankrupt — I was. but one day I
started out to see if I could borrow
some money. I found it so easy that
I kept on borrowing.

dftsh, patent trace bolder on sit„
There are many other special points of mer
lo&rue which is FREE tells you all about th_.
member you can not fret Split Hickory Vehicl'
bat oar entire ontpnt is sold direct to consume

paper are customers of ours and they know and the Editor knows tju__
responsible and will do just as wesay we will. Write for our Catalog today. I: will aave TOO money.
.Note— We manufacture a full line of high grade Harness, sold direct to the user, at wholesale prices.

The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co., (H. C. Phelps, President.,4710 Sixth St.. Cincinnati. Ohio.

mention here. Onr ISA-Pace Cata*
buggy and all of our other Split Hickory Styles, Re-
pwm anime elae as we do not sell tt

holesale rock bottom prices. The readers of this

A Washing Machine is as great a necessity in the hoose as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Yourname on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
eix different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in
grooves — our patent Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS. Richmond . Va.

.'.THE SOUTH SIDE CARRIERS/.

For Strawberries, Peaches. l'.ean>. Lettuce. Cukee. <ir pee A lee, ate., send
for Catalogue and prices.

SOUTH SIDE M'F'Q CO.,

Petersburg, Va.

A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

445

Farm Implements and Machinery.

THE MILWAUKEE LINE OP HAR-
VESTING MACHINERY, MOWERS,
BINDERS. CORN HARVESTERS and
RAKES have features not found in
others, and are the kind that NEVER
'POINT. Light of Draft, Easy
to Handle, Perfect in Operation. Some
machines are made to sell repairs.
"MILWAUKEE" is not in that class.
Foints of superiority fully set forth in
illustrated catalogue. WRITE FOR
IT.

THE BEST THRESHING OUT-
FIT for a thresherman to buy is
the Ajax Threshing Engine and
Farquhar Separator Engines from
4 h. p. up. Easy steamers develop
more than rated horse power.
Have driver's seat, foot brake and
two injectors. Separators of all
sizes with latest improvements,
thresh and clean all kinds of grain
perfectly.

DISC CULTIVATOR and HAR-
ROW combined. Made of steel and
malleable iron. Light Draft, Great
Strength, High Steel Arch, Steel Axle,
Steel Wheels, adjustable in width.
Discs adjustable in depth and at any
angle.

WALKING AND RIDING CULTI-
VATORS with four, six or eight shov-
els and spring teeth.

THE MOLINE AND IMPERIAL
WAGONS, Built of air dried timber,
and all material the best that can be
procured. Finished with three coats
of paint put on with brush (not dip-
ped in it). Durable, neat and attrac-
tive style. BALING PRESSES for
Horse, Steam and Hand Power.

PLOWS AND PLOW CAST-
INGS of all kinds. OUR
ROAD PLOWS are espe-
cially recommended for
Country Road Building.

PORTABLE ENGINE.

THE NEW MOLINE.

FULL CIRCLE HORSE POWEB PRESSES.

"BOY" HAT PRESS.

IRON AGE PATTERN CULTIVATORS, DISC HARROWS, LEVER HARROWS, GRAIN DRILLS, EFED CUTTERS,
FIELD ROLLERS, MANNURE SPREADERS, PEA HULLERS CANE MILLS, SAW MILLS, GRINDING MILLS, etc.
Write for prices.

13 So. Fifteenth Street,
Between Main and Cary.

Established by
GEO. WATT, 184-0.

THE CALL-WATT CO.,

MANFRED CALL, Gen'l Manager.

RICHMOND, VA.

446

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[June,

USES OF COAL-OIL.

A few drops on your dusting-cloth
will brighten your furniture, as well as
prevent dust from flying from the
cloth.

One tablespoonful added to each
boilerful of water will lessen labor, as
well as whiten your clothes when wash-
ing.

A few drops added to your boiled
starch will make ironing easier.

A few drops on a hinge or roller
which has formed a bad habit of
squeaking will insure a speedy cure.

A few drops added to the water with
which windows are to be washed will
save time and labor.

Dip the fingers in the oil, and rub
the throat, to give relief from sor*
throat.

Saturate a cloth in the oil. and rub
the rollers, to clean a clothes-wringer
quickly.

Saturate a cloth with the oil to clean
the sink, bath-tub or basin which has
become greasy and discolored from
use. — May Woman's Home Companion.

SAVED HIS FRIEND.

This little story is told of two Scotch
laddies, who. while fishing in strictly
preserved water, for which only one
was provided with a permit, were sud-
denly confronted by the bailiff. One
of them quickly collected his tackle
and ran his might across the field, the
bailiff in quick pursuit. After cover-
ing a large tract of country, the angler
sat down completely exhausted, and
awaited the panting and enraged pur-
suer.

"Do you know that you should not
fish in that water without permis-
sion?" asked the irate man.

"Yes," said the lad, "but I have per
mission. I've got an order."

"What made you run then, you
young scoundrel?"

"Oh, just to let the other lad away
— he hadn't got one."

THE LAW OF WORK.
That there is much discontent with
work among the so-called middle
classes in America is due in large part
to the pampering of children, to the
supplying of their natural and artifi-
cial wants, and to the sentimental idea
that "their day of toil will come soon
enough." In general, work is not a
curse, but a blessing — a positive means
of grace. One can hardly begin too
early to impress upon children lessons
of self-help by tasks appropriate to
their age and forces, and to beget in
them scorn of idleness and of depend-
ence on others. To do this is to make
them happy through the self-respect
that comes with the realization of
power, and thus to approximate Ten-
nyson's goal of man: "Self-reverence,
self-knowledge, self-control." — Century.

Liquid fertilizers from stable ma-
nure is the stuff to set young plants
with. Read Masters Planter Co.'s ad.

Masters Rapid Plant Setter

The only hand mechanical plant setter on the market. Avoids
stooping and the drudgery of setting out Cabbage, Tobacco,
Tomatoes, Sweet Potatoes, Sugar Beets, etc.

Sets Plants ii\ Water

or liquid fertilizer at just right depth and so tbey stand erect. At Its
best when weather is dryest and hand setting means failure to grow. As-
sures better stand of quicker starting, better growing plants. With a little
practice one man will set 8, 000 plants a day.

Ask your dealer for Masters Rapid Plant Setter. If he does not handle it
send us his name and we will see that you are supplied. Write for par-
ticulars. Circulars free.

Masters Planter Co.. 171 South Water Street, Chicago, UK

<<<<<<«<<<«<«;<«<<<<<<<<«<<<<<<<«<<<<<<<<«<<<«!

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
^ of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
v premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
j» Glasses by mail our specialty.

is also complete with CAMERAS, KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

* Our line of OPERA QALSSES, FIELD GLASSES, Incubator and Dairy
V THERMOMETERS, etc., etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases.

1 1 5 6RLE3KI OPTICAL CO.. 1 m Mi SIS.,

j* THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE THE ST0CK RA,SER'

FKUrllABLt THE DA,RYMAN

INVESTMENTS THE FRUIT qrqwER,

TO-. m»~- THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would a country where work can be carried on tie entire year and where
large profit* can be realized Interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE,
Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va,

EDW. W. COST,
Traffic Mgr.

CHARLES B. RYAN,
Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

447

LAIDLAW'S |

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-Ib. bag, $1.25; 25=lb. bag, $2.60; 50=lb. bag, $5.00.

One 5U-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

A few articles quoted below will convince you that for cash you can live cheaply by dealing with us.
We have a complete line of groceries, feed and liquors. Should you need anything not quoted here,
write for prices. These prices are subject to changes in the market. We charge 10c. per gallon extra
for jugs. Our goods guaranteed to be first-class. Goods delivered free of drayage to any depot. All
prices f. o. b. here.

Granulated Sugar, per lb 41c.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb lie.

Best Meal, per peck, 20c; or, per bushel 75c.

Pride of Richmond Flour, per sack, 35c; or. per bbl. .$5.40

Daisy Flour, per sack, 33c; per bbl 5.25

Good Green Coffee, per lb 9c

Best Salt Pork, per lb 10c

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7c & 9c.

Best Butcher's Lard, per lb 10c

Good Lard, 3 lbs. for 25c

Green. Black and Mixed Tea, per lb 35c, 40c. & 50c.

Best Cheese, per lb 121c.

Best Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c

Best Roe Herrings, per dozen ISc

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 35c.

Best Genuine N. O. Molasses, per gallon 60c

Good Dark Molasses, per gallon 25c & 35c

Soaps. 8. 7. 6. 10 and 11 bars for 25c.

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can. 12c.

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Apple, Plum, Reynolds' Sun

Cured Tobacco for 25c.

Best Lemons, per dozen 12c

Good Corn, per bushel 68c

Remittance must accompany all orders. Send

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Inc.,

Good Oats, per bushel 50c

Best Timothy Hay, per ton $19.00

No. 1 Mixed Hay, per ton 18.00

No. 1 Clover, per ton 16.00

Bran, per ton 25.00

Ship Stuff . per ton 26.00

Old Crown Rye, 5 years old. per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye, 4 years old. per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye. 3 years old. per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye. 2 years old, per gallon 1.50

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey. 2 years old. per gallon 2.00

Pure N C. Corn Whiskey, 5 years old, per gallon. . . . 2.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c

Apple Brandy, 3 years old, per gallon 2.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

Geneva Gin, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

London Dock Gin, 5 years old. per gallon 2.50

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1.00

Buchu Gin. for kidneys, per bottle 1.00

Catawba Wine, per gallon 50c.

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 50c.

California Sherry Wine, per gallon 1.00

(Sacks for corn and oats, 5c extra.)

P. O. or Exp. Order, Reg. Letter, for what you want.

No. 1724- East Main Street,
RICHMOND, VA.
'Phone 507.

448

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

HOW TO MAKE PIN-MONEY.

A profitable and interesting way to
earn pin-money is by making raffia
shopping-bags. They are made the same
as the shoe-string bags, the knot being
the same, and a fringe left at the bot-
tom for a finish. These bags hold a
surprising amount. Fifteen cents'
worth of raffia will make a bag that
will retail for one dollar, or one dol-
lar and fifty cents if it is lined with
bright silk.

Another way to earn spending-
money is by making fish-net out of
carpet-warp. Two spools, cost ins
twenty-five cents, will make a net that
one could retail for two dollars and
fifty cents. In a college town the nets
are always in demand for the students'
rooms, being used for draperies or to
hold pictures. A child as well as a
grown person can make a net, as it is
quickly and simply done. — May Wo
man's Home Companion.

A LITTLE GIRL'S LOVES.

Bessie (aged five) "was accustomed
to come to her mother's room before
the family was up. One Sunday morn-
ing, while making the customary visit.
the odors of breakfast in preparation
managed to reach the sleeping-quar-
ters. Bessie, with her arms round her
mother's neck, gave one or two vigor-
ous sniffs, then with an air of antici-
pation announced, "Mamma, there's
two fings I dess love mos' of enyfing in
der world.''

"What are they, Bessie?" asked her
mamma.

"God and baked beans," Bessie re-
plied, smacking her lips. — Lippincott's
Magazine for May.

The bookkeeper of an hotel at a well
known golfing resort in Scotland is
still pondering over the subtle sar
casm of an English golfer who was a
week-end visitor to the golf-links. This
gentleman unwisely failed to make a
"contract" on arriving, with the result
that he was presented with an out-
rageous bill on his departure. Paying
it without a murmur, he asked, "Have
you any penny stamps?" "Oh, yes,"
said the bookkeeper. "How many do
you want, sir?" Very sweetly the vis-
itor answered, "Well, how much are
they each?"

WANTED— A PIN.

It was Mabel's first app<>» ranee at
church and she was rather "fidgety.
First she wanted one thing, then an-
other. Finally she decided that she
must have a pin. so she asked for one
from her father. He had none. Then
she tried her mother; but her mother
too had none. Mabel's longing had
been increased with her ill success, so
she climbed upon the pew and shouted
at the top of her small voice, —

"Has anyone in dis trowd dot a pin?"
— May Lippincott's.

Mention the Southern Planteb In
writing.

Best for medicinal uses

Your jihysician will tell you that you should always hare some good whiskey in the
house. For accidents, fainting spells, exhaustion, and other emergency cases, it relieves
and revives. But you must have good whiskey, pure whiskey, for poor whiskey, adulterated
whlske: . may do decided harm. HAYNER WHISKEY isjust what you need for it goes
direct from our own distillery to you, with all its original strength, richness and flavor,
carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PUR-
ITY and AGE and saving the dealers' enormous profits. We have over a quarter of a
million satisfied customers, exclusively family trade, who know it is best for medicinal
purposes and prefer it for other uses. That's why YOU should try it. Your money back ii
you ar" not satisfied.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dialers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration I ™

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $£.22 EXPRESS
QUARTS O" " PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN-
YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and
if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense and your 13.20 will be
returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied you are not out a cent. Better let us
send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a friend to
join you. Shipment made in a plain sealed case with no marks to show what's
inside.

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah. Wash,
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for (4.00 bv Express
Prepaid or 20 Quarts for S1C.OO by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ST, LOUIS, MO,

ST. PAUL, MINN,

Distillery, Tbot, O.

Established 1866.

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGi ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT AndHo!T ffiVSSS" ROUTE.

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

449

RICHMOND ENGINE & PUMP CO.,

1422 MAIN STREET.

MORE OF OUR ENGINE outfits in use to-day, than the combined output of any three
of the largest concerns in existence :

If you wish proof, write us for any number of names of those whom we have supplied
in nearly every county in Virginia and North Carolina.

Draws Water,

Saws Wood,

Shells Corn,

Cuts Feed,

Turns Grindstone.

What other one
thing can possibly
take the place of
labor to such great
extent ?

...WIND WILLS...
Towers and Tanks

A SPECIALTY

With well equipped and experienced
force of men to erect same.

Not a day in the year we are not
erecting work of this sort in Virginia
or Carolinas.

Pumps of every description.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE, ETC.

RICHMOND ENGINE & PUMP CO.,

Richmond, Va,

CHORISTER

FALSETTO-ADDIE C.

"One of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America and
a sure success as a getter of race horses." — Major Dainger-
field.

Standing \&% and weighs 1,300 lbs. He held the world's
record for a mile as a 3 year old and is the sire of "Corrus-
cate" who holds the mile record for Canada 1.38^. All his
get win and are racing up to 8, 9 and 11 years of age, and
won $30,000 in 1902.

Fee $50.00 cash, approved half bred mares $20.00

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes
but no responsibility assumed for any that may occur.

For further particulars apply to D. K. KERR, Manager
Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va.

KELLY, 22283, Record, 2:27.
Sire of McChesney, 2:1 6Ht Etc-

Bay herse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expressive 3, 2:121; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, etc.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
fine size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

For terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

POP ^AI F Standard and registered trotting mare,
* "*\ »J/\L<L( rict» bay, elegantly bred, young and
sound. Fit for the road, track or stud. Price, $250 and
worth the money.

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

W. J. CARTER, VBROAD ROCK."]

TURF JOURNALIST.

91* E. Main Street, - - Richmond, Va.

Pedigrees of thoroughbred and trotting horses traced and
registered stallion circulars prepared.

Representing the Times-Dispatch and Southern Planter,
Richmond, Va.; 8ports of the Times, Kentucky Stock Farm,
California Breeder and Sportsman,

Imported French Coach Stallion

JAVANAIS

By AGNADEL. Dam RAPIDE.

— PROPERTY OF

Mr. B. H. Grundy, Richmond, Va.

Rich Seal Brown Horse.

16^ hands high ; weight 1300 lbs.
Will serve mares during 1904 at A. Pollard's Dunraven Farm,
three miles east of Richmond, on New Market Road.
Fee, $15 to insure.

A. POLLARD,

Rural Route No. 5,

Richmond, Va.

B. H. GRUNDY,

Chamber of Commerce Bldg.

Richmond, Va.

LEPANTO. 0577.

Sire of Wilkie O'Neill, 2.24% I King O'Neill, 2 31 at two
years, etc. Bay horse 15%' hands high ; weight 1200 lbs.

By PETOSKY, 3633 eon of George Wilke. Fee $12.50
to insure. Address

BANNISTER & RHODES, Roanoke. Va.

460

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[June,

The following Hat of papers and periodicals
are the moat popular ones In thla section.
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on wtaateTer

Journal you wish:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Tlmea- Dispatch, Richmond. Va *5 00 J5 00

The Post, Washington, D. C ( 00 ( 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md S 00 t 40

News -Leader, Richmond. Va 3 00 3 00

THI-WEEKLY.

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 400 400

Harper's Bazaar 100 140

Montgomery Advertiser 100 Id

Nashville American 60 76

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 17

Heard's Dairyman 1 00 IS

Country Gentleman 160 175

Religious Herald. Richmond. Va 2 00 2 2;

Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond. Va 1 00 1 25

Central Presbytertaa. 2 00 2 2

Horseman 3 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75

Dairy and Creamery 60 76

Commercial Poultry 60 75

All three 1 60 1 15

North American Review 5 00 5 Mi

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25

St Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Forum Magazine 3 00 3 2.'

Bcrlbner's Mr.gazlne 3 00 3 25

Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan Magazine 100 135

Everybody's Magazine 100 135

Munsey Magazine 1 00 135

Strand Magazine 125 165

McClure's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 2 60 2 76

Poultry Success 1 00 76

Rural Mechanics 1 00 55

Blooded Stock 60 W

Successful Farming 100 76

Southern Fruit Grower 60 85

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 50 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscrlptlon to either ihe PLANTER or any
of tbe other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periodicals.

Seed House of the South.

nAMMOTH

CLOVER,

KENTUCKY

BLUE GRASS.

BUCKWHEAT,
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

*■ -o & WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, «*

Headquarters for

Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders.
ALL STOCK TRUE TO' NAME.

Apples, Nectarines, Pecans,

Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts,

Peach, Quinces, Walnuts,

Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits.

Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging.

. . AGENTS WANTED.
RANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO.,

Ornamental and
Shade Trees,
Evergreens,
Roses, Etc.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

Baltimore, Md. *£.

TTT

WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE

WHEN AN

Attractive Woven Wirejence

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN LESS COST?'
The American Field Fencing is made in

many heights and styles for turning the
smallest to the largest animal. Write for
special catalogue and prices.

55 INCH. «.

' J

i4i

"7

L-M

TN. *

•1

•"'

«.L52

1 -' " '

,in.

»i

[ ,s«

IN. S '•

r to

]nt h v9t

'»

_.

■ IT

We have a large stock of BARB WIRE, POULTRY NETTING, and V CRIMP
ROOFING, and can fill orders promptly.

Buggies, Carriages, Har-
ness, Robes, Steel Skein
Farm Wagons, Corn Shel-
lers, Peed Cutters, Grain
Drills, Wood Saws. All
kinds of Agricultural Im-
plements and Machines.
Catalogue on application.

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN.

Not a Step, Bui a Leap in Advance ot All Other Chums,

."fell .pnovE

a Table by potting ■ board on toe top.
Tor rmlslog or lowering too tomperatore o
CALL Aim SEE IT O* 8EKD fM CIECOIAB.

Made alto of best White Pine obtainable.

THE TIGER DISC CULTIVATOR is
easily adjustable for all conditions.
The gangs can be set close together or
farther apart. Has foot levers for
changing direction of gangs by slight-
est pressure. Can be regulated for dif-
ferent depths, and to throw to or from
the row.

Wheels and Axles adjustable to flt
different width rows. Ball bearings,
Staggered spoke wheels.

The only implement needed for cul-
tivating any crop in rows.

J* J» J-

Don't wait for
showers, but water
and plant your to-
bacco, potatoes, cab-
bage, eta, with a
MASTER'S PLANT
SETTER, and 999
out of every 1,000
will grow more
rapid than by hand.

Easy to operate.

Price, $3.75 de-
livered at your ex-
press office.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St, Richmond, Va.

IBs Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

npHIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in Virginia, in death claims
■*■ alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plane, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-<m ^THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.^—

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

— — 'nnt East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS A MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. If yon wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nee
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT-Beet on earth for lfan or
Beast Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere.

OWENS * MINOR DRUd CO., Richmond, Va.

WHY PAY MORE For A Mower?

THE WALTER A WOOD Mowers, Binders, Hay Rakes, and Tedders NOT MADE
BY A TRUST. The highest type of machines made, and to be had at less price than
the ordinary machines.

Why?

Because

They pay no TRIBUTE to any-
body. The manufacturers give to
the farmer in price what other com-
panies pay to Travelling Salesmen,
Railroadl and Hotels. Their only
trust is in the merits of the mach-
ines, known as far as civilization
reaches.

Be frank, now. If you buy
^ite any machine this year, should
you not buy a "Wood" ma-
chine ?

Send for special catalogue
and special prices.

WALTER A. WOOD MOWING ancf REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. ELLETT, President. \YM. M. HILL, Cashier.

CAPITAL, $600,000. SURPLUS. $240,000-
RICHMOND. - " VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty- Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Proprietors.

Vol.65

JULY, 1904.

No. 7.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT :

Editorial— Work for the Month 451

Alfalfa 454

Crimson Clover 455

Cultivation as s. Fertilizer 456

Alfalfa in the South and Middle States 457

Can Alfalfa be Made into Good Silage? 459

Alfalfa Growing in Hanover County, Va 460

Crimson Clover 460

Crimson Clover 461

Lime and Fertilizers as Improvers of Land. . . . 461

Curing Clover Hay 463

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, page 483).. 463

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month 467

A New Strawberry. : 467

Fruit Prospects in Virginia 467

Four Paying Crops Per Annum 468

The Lettuce Crop 46S

Garden Notes 469

Velvet Beans 470

The Market Problem 470

The California Fruit Crop 470

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: *

Editorial — Dual Purpose Shorthorns 471

The Cattle Tick and the Quarantine Line 471

The Hereford as a Milker 472

Editorial — More Fine .!Fise>= for Virginia 472

The Farm Horse 472

Duroc Jersey Hogs 473

Judging Ages of Animals 473

THE POULTRY YARD:

Feeding Hens 474

Bowel Trouble . '. J74

Gapes in. Chickens 474

THE HORSE:

Notes 47r,

MISCELLANEOUS:

The Labor Difficulty in the South — An Open

Letter to the Secretary of Agriculture 476

Farmers' Co-Operation 478

The English Sparrow 479

Mr. Clark's Grass Experiments 479

The Needs of the Soil 480

Simple Cure for Milk Fever 480

Rotation as a Factor in Growing Irish Potatoes. 4S0

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Phosphoric Acid for Wheat 481

Hawks and Crows Just One More Time 482

Chicken Chatter 482

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The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.— XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, July, 1904.

No. 7.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

In accordance with what has been our practise
for many years we open this issue with a review of
the progress and condition of the crops at this time.
The abnormal weather which has been characteristic
of the present year has greatly interfered with crop
prospects throughout the country. The winter not
only in the South but over the whole country was
a long and trying one and the spring has been equally
as ungenial. In the South Atlantic States for the
past six months there has been a great deficiency in
rainfall, many parts of these States not having had
50 per cent, of the average precipitation, whilst in
the most favored sections not more than 75 per cent,
has fallen. Accompanying this deficiency in mois-
ture there has been also a deficiency in temperature in
most of the States. Whilst this deficiency is in the
aggregate not large since the crop growing season
commenced it has yet been of an unusually trying
character on crops. Cold, harsh, dry winds from the
north northeast and northwest have prevented crop
growth and the warming of the land. As a conse-
quence of these abnormal conditions Winter wheat
i:>ver the whole country is more or less of a failure
Over 5,000,000 acres of the seeded crop has been
plowed up or abandoned and as the area seeded was
not in excess of that harvested last year there is a
serious deficiency in acreage and this is accompanied
by a serious deficiency in condition of that standing.
The average condition throughout the country on
June 1st was 77.7 as compared with 82.2 a year ago
and a ten year average of 79.8. This lowered condi-

tion taken in conjunction with the reduced acreage
would indicate a decrease in total production as com-
pared with last year of over 100,000,000 bushels. In
the spring wheat sections the area seeded is some-
what less than the area harvested last year and the
condition is 93 as compared with 95 a year ago. This
would indicate a decreased production of spring
wheat and the whole wheat crop of the country is
therefore likely to be considerably less than the aver-
age. This taken in conjunction with unfavorable
reports as to the condition of the crop in England
and the continent of Europe leads us to the con-
clusion that wheat is likely to be higher in price
through the fall and winter and that farmers need
not be in a hurry to market their crops. If there
shoidd be unfavorable weather for harvesting the
crop we look to see a substantial rise in the price.
In any event it will not in our opinion be likely to
sell for less money than the present quotation.

The oat crop is about the average in acreage and is
in average condition. In the South the Winter Oat
crop is largely a failure and Spring Oats are not
promising except in some sections of the mountains.
Much of the crop will be cut for hay.

( lorn planting has been so much delayed by the
cold dry weather that it is difficult as yet to say any-
thing with definiteness as to the outlook. We hear
much complaint as to poor stands and slow growth
and are afraid that the prospect for a big crop is not
of the best. Of course there is still time for much

452

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

change in this crop and with warm showery weather
for a week or two it may not fail to make an aver-
age yield. Still when corn fails to grow right off
from the start we have always misgiving as to the
outcome.

The cotton crop promises to be a large one as the
area planted is nearly 3,000,000 acres in excess of
that planted a year ago. The condition is nearly up
to the 10 year average. In some of the Texas coun-
ties the Boll weevill is again doing much damage.
There appears, however, a prospect of circumventing
this pest. The officials of the Department of Agri-
culture who are looking for a remedy have come
across an ant in Central America which in that coun-
try wages war on the weevils and cleans them out
quickly. This ant is to be introduced into Texas and
it is to be hoped will in future years save the cotton
crop. This year the only hope is in the early ma-
turity of the crop. Late maturing cotton is that
which suffers most and to meet this planters have
largely used earlier maturing varieties.

Tobacco is late starting as plants were small and
scarce generally. In the dark shipping section there
is a considerable reduction in the area planted — pos-
sibly 20 per cent, and this also is the case in part of
the bright section in Southern Virginia and North
Carolina where cotton is taking the place of tobacco.
In the sun cured section the crop planted is in excess
of the average but is late.

The hay crop is not promising to be a heavy one
generally, the cold dry weather having checked growth
materially. Forage crops have been more generally
planted than in the past though the scarcity of Cow
pea seed has no doubt considerably curtailed the area
that would have been planted in this crop. Sorghum
has largely taken the place of the peas and Soy beans
have been used in many places where they have not
before been tried. We trust that growers of the crop
will not be discouraged if it does not make a heavy
growth the first year tried as until the soil becomes
thoroughly infected with the specific microbe of the
plant it is not apt to do itself justice. It should be
grown two or three times in succession on the same
land and will then, we are satisfied, prove that it is
a valuable addition to our forage crops.

Erom the foregoing it will be seen that we do not
anticipate more than a bare average crop year from
crops already planted. There is, however, yet time

td improve this outlook by planting crops to increase
the yield of stock food and there is every encourage-
ment to do this as there is an excellent demand on
the markets for beef, mutton and hog products. All
these have advanced materially in value within the
past 30 days and beef is now selling at wholesale
higher than at any time since the war. It is useless
for us to advise the planting of Cow peas as they are
practically unobtainable, but Millet, Sorghum and
Corn for the silo and for a forage crop can yet be
sowed and planted and will make good any defi-
ciency in the hay and fodder crops. Either the Ger-
man or Hungarian Millet should be sown. For low
grounds the Hungarian is the best, for high lands
sow German. Prepare the land well making a fine
seed bed and sow at the rate of one bushel to the acre.
Harrow in lightly and roll if the land is dry enough.
Many of our subscribers are seeding Crimson clover
with Millet at this season of the year. The Millet
shades the clover and often prevents it from being
destroyed by the sun. After the Millet is cut for hay
the Crimson clover makes its growth and covers the
land all winter. Millet should be cut for hay when
or just before it comes into bloom. It does not then
make a strong draft on the land and the hay is safe
to feed to stock of all kinds. If seed is allowed to
form the hay is not safe to feed to horses contin-
uously. In our last issue we wrote at length on Sor-
ghum as a forage crop and refer our readers thereto.

The cultivation of the Corn, Tobacco and Cotton
crops should have close attention so that the crops
may be encouraged to make rapid growth. Cultivate
shallow and frequently and keep the soil level. When
it is not possible to run the cultivator through the
crop without breaking the plants then it is time to
cease cultivating but not until then. Before the last
working sow Cow peas (if you have them), Crimson
clover or Sapling clover in the corn and cotton fields
and cover with the cultivator. These will make fall
and winter grazing and will help the land materially
by conserving the fertility not called for by the main
crop. At this season of the year nitrification is very
active in the soil and the growing of the leguminous
crops conserves this nitrogen and adds largely to it.

After the wheat and oat crops have been cut, if
grass or clover was not seeded in them, break the stub-
ble with a disc harrow or cultivator and sow a mix-
ture of Crimson clover, oats, wheat and rye broadcast,
say 10 pounds of Crimson clover and three quarters
of a bushel of the mixed grain. A couple of pounds

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

453

of rape seed may also be added to the mixture withj
advantage or Hairy vetch may be substituted for the
Crimson clover. This mixed seeding will make good
fall and winter grazing and will be far better for the
land than growing a crop of weeds which only serve
to deplete fertility and make work for another year.

Where clover or grass was seeded with the wheat
or oats see that the stand is not lost by allowing the
weeds to grow up and run to seed after the grain is
cut. We have seen many a fine stand of clover and
grass lost in a few weeks after harvest by the weeds
growing up and taking all the moisture and fertility
out of the soil. Run the mower over the fields as soon
as the weeds begin to shoot up and repeat the work
as needed. The cuttings will mulch the clover and
help it.

Dwarf Essex rape may be seeded this month and
in August for fall and winter pasture for sheep,
hogs and young cattle. It may be sown either broad-
cast or in drills. It makes the best crop sown in
drills 2 feet 6 inches apart and thinly in the drills.
About 2 or 3 pounds of seed will sow an acre in
drill whilst 4 or 5 pounds will be needed if sown
broadcast. As a green feed for hogs and sheep it is
most valuable and can be grazed until winter and
will then spring up again in spring unless the winter
be a very severe one.

Prepare the land for Rutabagas and turnips.
Break the land deeply and make it fine by repeated
harrowing and rolling. The land should be made
rich if a heavy crop is to be grown. Earm yard ma-
nure and acid phosphate and potash are suitable ma-
nures for these crops and should be applied liberally
— 500 or 600 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre
is none too much to apply. They make the best yield
-own in drills 2 feet 6 inches apart and the plants
should be thinned out with the hoe to stand 10 inches
apart in the rows. Sown in drills two pounds of seed
per acre is sufficient. Sown broadcast will require
four pounds. Rutabagas should be sown this month,
turnips may be sown in August. All who keep cat-
tle, sheep and hogs should grow these root crops.
They provide succulent feed to be fed to the stock in
winter and will enable young cattle to be carried
through winter in a constantly improving condition
on fodder or straw. For sheep keepers they are al-
most indispensable if the best resvdts are to be at-
tained. ■ S

If you have not a silo on the farm now is the time
to build one ready to hold the forage crops as they
are cut. In our last issue an article on "Forage
Crops for Fodder and Silage" showed how much
more feeding value could be obtained out of corn
fodder and sorghum by preserving these crops in the
silo rather than as dry fodder. A silo is the cheap-
est barn a farmer can build, and enables him to save
his crop in the cheapest and easiest way and irre-
spective of the weather. Here in the South the
building of a silo is a simple matter, as no precautions
are necessary to exclude frost. All that is needed is
to make a tight receptacle for the crop. This may
be either in the form of a big tank or tub, or it may
be built like a frame building. Tub silos are in use
on many farms in the South, and are a perfect suc-
cess. We have given full descriptions of the method
of building both the tub and frame silos several
times in The Plantee. In our issue of July, 1903,
will be found full instructions. The great point to
be observed is to build with the greatest depth pos-
sible, so that the natural weight of the silage will
compress the contents solidly and drive out and ex-
clude the air. To arrive at the size of silo required
estimate the consumption of silage at 40 pounds per
head of cattle to be fed per day. Multiply this by
the number of days required to be fed, and you have
the quantity of pounds for which storage is required.
A cubic foot of silage will weigh on the average 40
pounds, so that each animal will consume a cubic
foot of the feed per day. The silo must be large
enough to hold this quantity when settled, and to
provide for the settling add one-fourth to the number
of cubic feet of silage called for. A round silo is
the most economical, as the settling is most perfect,
there being no corners to hold the feed and let it
spoil.

ESTIMATES FOE SILOS.

Estimated size of silo needed, and number of acres
required for a given number of cows, for a feeding
season of 180 days:

No. Cows.

6

9
13
21

25 "

Estimated

Consumption

ofSilage.

Tons

20
30
45
74

Size of
Silo Needed.
Dlam. Ht.

9x20
10x22
11x25
13x29
14x30

to 2

to 3

to 4

to 6

6 to 7

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southebn Plantee.

454

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

ALFALFA.

For several years we have been pressing on the at-
tention of Southern farmers the importance of alfalfa
aa a crop for production in the South. Until within
the past two or three years our efforts seem to have
been rewarded with but little success. As with alfalfa
m> with the grasses and clovers, it has been difficult to
convince Southern planters that there was anything
in these crops worthy of their attention. And yet if
they will give heed to what has been the result of
growing alfalfa in the West, they will realize that it
has been worth more to the farmers of that section
than all the wheat and corn raised there, for it has
Dot only directly brought them money by enabling
them to feed large herds of cattle, sheep and hogs to
be sold at profitable prices, but it has enabled them to
maintain and increase the fertility of their lands, and
thus permit of the continued production of large
crops of corn and wheat. It has also directly brought
them thousands of dollars as a sale crop for the feed-
ing of horses in the large cities. What it has done
for the farmers of the West it is already also doing
for many farmers in one of the Southern States. In

On our soils, with ordinary seasons for growing and
harvesting, we get three to five cuttings, averaging
from one-half to a ton of cured hay per cutting, and
bringing in our market at Shreveport from $8 to $15
per ton. The cost of handling varies, of course, with
the seasons. It costs just as much to cut and rake
one-half ton per acre as it does to. cut and rake a ton
per acre. From my experience, and my alfalfa ac-
count, it costs an average of $1.25 to $2 per ton to pur
in shape for the market. An intelligent negro near
our plantation, who works twenty mules raising cot-
ton, told me he had sold $500 worth of surplus hay
per year off twenty acres. For the last two years off
sixty acres he has sold enough to very nearly make
his cotton crop clear. I think a very conservative
estimate would be $15 to $30 per acre net per year,
not counting the pasturage in fall, winter and spring.
My advice to every one who works land wotild be to
plant a small patch of alfalfa for trial. If he suc-
ceeded with it he would have the most valuable crop
that grows ; if he failed it would be the most laudable
failure he ever made. In 1900 my overseer made
with wage hands 253 bales of cotton, costing in money
outlay $4,500 and bringing on the market $10,575.
In 1001 the same man with the same labor, on poorer

Louisiana one of these farmers, Mr. Foster, who has [hind, harvested 1,100 tons of alfalfa, selling in car
400 acres planted says: I l°ad hits for $15 per ton, or a total valuation of $16,-

Ft >ee,ns to me 'that this queen of all hay and for-'500' with a money ovA*J for labor and machinery
age plants is too little understood, otherwise there

would not lie a ton of hay shipped into Louisiana.
On the contrary, there would be thousands of tons
shipped out of the State at a better profit than is
made on cotton, even at present high prices. I am
not chemist or botanist enough to say on what lands
in the State it will grow profitably, luit believe that
with proper expenditure of time in preparation, m
nuring and nursing it can be made to grow anywhere
in the State. I have seen it growing luxuriously on
the poor and worn hill land of the Experiment Sta-
tion in North Louisiana, l>nt much time and expense
was required. On the river lands between Baton
Rouge and New Orleans it seems to thrive well, and
on the Red river it seems to be perfectly at home. I
may say that I use it as a profit crop on our low,
stiff, red lands that will not produce profitably any
other crop. Its value as a i'cc\ for horses, mules,
cows and hogs is unequalled by any other food, Hogs
will make splendid growth mi it and fatten readily

without any other feed, and that, too, with twenty or
twenty-five to the acre, where it grows well Again,
it is a tine fertilizer crop. Four land is improving

each year it gTOWS on it, .and when yon wish to gel
rid of it (which will-be never unless yon want to plant
it somewhere else), it is as easily killed as oats or
corn. * * * I am free to say that if alfalfa hay
is worth as many dollars per ton as cotton is worth
cents per pounds, I would prefer to raise the alfalfa.

repairs of $1,500. In one case it required about 45
per cent, of the gross value of the cotton to get it
ready for the market; in the other it required only
10 per cent, of the gross -value of the alfalfa to put it
on the market.

What this and other Louisiana farmers are doing
some few of our farmers in this State and North and
South Carolina are also doing. Alfalfa grows just
as freely in the Eastern, Middle and Piedmont sec-
tions of these States as in Louisiana or the West
when the proper means are taken to secure a stand.
It will also grow in the mountain sections of the
West of these States in the valleys, and where the
elevation is not too great and too exposed, but in
those sections should be seeded in spring and not in
the fall, as is best in the Middle and Eastern sec-
tions. We import into this State thousands of tons
of hay every year from the West, and this also is the
case in the other South Atlantic States. Every ton
of this hay can be grown at home, and of a much
finer quality than that bought from the West, if only
our farmers will sow alfalfa. There are, however,
certain conditions which must be observed in growing
the crop if success is to be achieved, and it is with the
object of statin <T these that we write this article.
Alfalfa thrives best in a warm, friable soil with a
porous subsoil, into which its long tap roots can read-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

455

ily penetrate. More than any other plant, it depends
on a subterraneous supply of water rather than on a
surface supply. To reach this the roots have been
known to go down 20 or 30 feet. The land must be
in a good state of fertility and free from weeds. Al-
falfa will not grow in poor land nor will it fight suc-
cessfully a battle with weeds. Although it makes a
wonderful growth of feed every year after it is well
established on the land, often producing four or five
crops in the year of from one and one-half to two tons
of hay to the acre at each cutting, yet it makes but a
slender growth the first year, except on very rich land,
and weeds easily overcome it at that time and smother
it out The land must be finely broken and well
prepared, and should have a dressing of from 20 to
25 bushels of lime to the acre applied previous to
seeding the crop, and this should be well worked into
the soil. If the land is not in good fertility it should
have a dressing of 400 or 500 pounds to the acre of
bone meal or acid phosphate or have a good coat-
ing of well rotted farmyard manure free from
weed seeds applied, and these be well worked into
the soil. The next and most important condi-
tion is that the soil should be inoculated with
the specific bacteria of the alfalfa plant. With-
out this there can be no certainty of a permanent
stand. The seed may germinate and grow for a time,
but until the soil is fully infected with the bacteria
no success can be relied on. This specific bacteria
can be got in several ways. It can be had from the
Department of Agriculture at Washington, or, better
still, can be supplied in larger quantity by the sprink-
ling of 100 pounds to the acre of soil from a field
upon which alfalfa is already growing luxuriantly.
There are a number of parties advertising this soil
for sale, and if there be no alfalfa field in your sec-
tion it will be advisable to secure the soil from them.
If you reside in a section where the Mellilotus Alba
(commonly called Sweet Clover) grows, and this is
found more or less all over the South, soil from
around where this plant is growing will infect the
soil with the proper bacteria for the alfalfa, and Pro-
fessor Kilgore, of I he North Carolina Experiment
Station, says that he finds that soil from a Bur
clover field will also give the proper infection. In
whichever way is most convenient to you, secure the
bacteria and apply it to the field before sowing the
alfalfa seed. Sow the alfalfa seed in August or the
first half of September, at the rate of 20 to 25 pounds
to the acre broadcast, harrow in lightly and roll if
the land is dry, following the roller again with a
weeder or light harrow to break the surface compact-

ness and make a soil mulch to conserve the moisture.
A good place to experiment in growing alfalfa is a
cow pea field with a heavy crop of peas on it, which
have smothered down the weeds. Cut the peas for
hay. Spread 25 bushels of lime per acre on the
stubble, and then break shallow, not going over three
inches deep, with a disc harrow or cultivator. This
will not bring to the surface fresh weed seeds to
smother the crop. Sow the alfalfa seed and roll and
harrow as above directed. When the alfalfa has
made a growth of six or eight inches run over it with
the mowing machine, just clipping off about half the
growth and leave the cutting for a mulch. This may
be repeated again if the growth becomes sufficiently
tall before the middle of October. This clipping
causes the plant to tiller out and cover the ground
more completely, and thus protects the roots during
the winter. This clipping of the crop should be con-
tinued through the first summer's growth, though if
a good and thick stand be obtained before the first
winter the crop may be allowed to grow a foot or
fifteen inches tall in the spring before cutting, and
this and the later cuttings should be cured into hay
and be removed from the field. After the first year
cut the crop for hay every time it gets fifteen or
eighteen inches high, just when coming into bloom,
and take care to give it a good, heavy dressing of acid
phosphate or bone meal, 400 or 500 pounds to the
acre, each year in the fall or early spring. So treat-
ed the stand should last for ten or fifteen years at
least, giving from five to ten tons of hay each year
per acre. In this issue we publish communications
from a number of our readers, giving their experience
with this crop.

CRIMSON CLOVER.

Although Crimson clover (often called German
clover and in some sections in this country and in
Europe Trifolium) has been grown successfully here
in some sections for many years, yet it is a crop that
has not yet had half the attention given to it that it
deserves. In all sections of this country land left
bare at any season of the year is apt to lose much
fertility by the washing out of plant food accumu-
lated in the soil, and especially is this true of land in
the warmer sections like the South. Whilst crops are
growing on the land they appropriate and conserve
this fertility, and in sections too cold for winter
growth of crops the covering of the ground with snow
and the freezing of the land serve to retain this un-
used plant food. In the South climatic conditions are

456

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

such that we can rarely expect to have the land either
hard frozen or covered with snow for more than a
very brief period, if at all, in any year. Science
and sound policy therefore require that we shall avail
ourselves of some crop to cover the soil during the
winter season. In selecting the crop to be used for
this purpose it is the part of wisdom to choose one, if
such lie available, that will not only conserve the
plant food in the soil, but which will in its growth
add to the fertility of the soil and make it better fitted
for the production of the next crop. If in addition
to this we can grow a c/op which will give some win-
ter mid spring grazing and make a good early forage
and hay crop we ought to do so. In the South we
can do this with several crops which show them-
selves admirably adapted to our climatic conditions.
Crimson clover, Hairy Vetch and English Vetch all
meel the requirements specified, and amongst these
Crimson clover perhaps more fully meets all the re-
quirements than any other in that it makes better
winter and spring grazing than the others and a better
sod to turn under for the feeding of the following
crops. 'Whilst it does not gather from the atmos-
phere and fix in the soil quite as large a quantity of
nitrogen as the Hairy Vetch, it is more certain to
make a growth on all our lands than the Vetch at the
first sowing, as nearly all our land is already inocu-
lated with the clover microbe, whilst much of it re-
quires to be inoculated with the Vetch microbe be-
fore it will make the best yield of this crop. A good
crop of Crimson clover will gather and store in its
mots, stubble and forage about 150 pounds of nitro-
gen |»r acre, all or nearly all taken from the atmos-
phere. At a low valuation, this nitrogen is worth
.it least $20 simply as a manure. This quantity of
aitrogen is more than is called for by a 75 bushel to
the acre crop of corn. As a preparation for the corn
crop this crop is therefore of great value, as it en-
ables the farmer to grow the crop without any outlay
for nitrogenous fertilizers. In the same way it ad-
mirably prepares the land for an Irish potato crop,
which almost invariably does well on a clover sod.
The only drawback which affects the ( 'rimson clover
crop is that it is rather uncertain in making a stand.
This arises from tin. fact that it is very quick of ger-
mination, and when first sprouted is easily killed by
the hot sun. This difficulty may be largely obviated
by seeding the clover in a growing crop, say of corn or
cotton, which will shade it or by seeding with a mix
ture of wheat, oats and rye, which will serve the same
purpose. In all cases we would advise the seeding
of some small grain with Crimson clover, as this adds

to the value of the winter grazing, and to the weight
of the hay crop and ensures a certainty ofa crop on
the ground if the winter should be so severe as to
freeze out the clover, or it sho\ild happen to be killed
in the late summer or early fall by the hot sun or a
drouth. This month of July is the time to com-
mence sowing Crimson clover and the work may be
continued at intervals as the land becomes available
until the end of September, or even the middle of
October. If sown alone seed 15 pounds to the acre.
If sown with small grain, sow 10 or 12 pounds of the
clover seed with half or three-quarters of a bushel of
wheat, winter oats and rye mixed in equal parts.
Do not plow the land where it was deeply broken
for the previous crop but break the surface with a
disc harrow or cultivator, and cover with the culti-
vator or a harrow. If the land is dry roll after cov-
ering the seed.

CULTIVATION AS A FERTILIZER.

Editor Southern Planter:

The spring of 1003 I ploughed a field of five and
one-half acres, intending to set the entire piece in to-
matoes, but owing to the scarcity of plants I only put
out four acres, leaving one and one-half acres, which
grew up in crab grass. I marked off the whole piece,
4x4 feet, and applied a 2-8-2 fertilizer in the cross, at
the rate of 400 pounds to the acre. After the toma-
toes were sold I fallowed the whole five and one-half
acres, after mowing and removing the crab grass from
tin' one and one-half acres. I disced the whole piece
three times and ran a smoothing board over it, and
then sowed it in wheat, using 500 pounds of a 2-8-2
fertilizer per acre. There was no apparent differ-
ence in the fertility of the entire piece, and the same
amounl of fertilizer was applied all over. At this
writing, June loth, the wheat on the one and one-half
acres will hardly be worth cutting, while the wheat
on the four acres is up to the average. Now, what
makes the difference in the wheat crop? Is it due to
raising tomatoes as a helpful crop to the land, or crab
grass as a robber of the soil, or did the thorough prep-
aration and working of the land in tomatoes have
anything to do with it?

Richmond Co., Va. M. C. Lewis.

As neither tomatoes nor crab grass are recupera-
tive crops, but both, and especially the tomatoes, are
crops which require ami take from the soil consider-
able plant food, the only explanation of the difference
in the condition of the wheat crop on the two plots
must be referable to the working of the land. The
difference forcibly illustrates the point we have so
often made that one of the things our Southern lands

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

457

most need to make them profitable in production is
better and deeper cultivation. "Tillage is manure,"
as old Jethro Tull so loudly proclaimed in the begin-
ning of the era of modern farming. The constant
stirring of the land during the working of the toma-
to crop terated it and allowed the benign influence
of the sun and the moisture of the atmosphere to per-
meate the soil and make available for the wheat the
plant food existing therein in an inert condition. The
plot in crab grass lacked this, and hence the plant
food was and is still largely unavailable for the
wheat Numbers of experiments have been made in
various sections which illustrate the value of culti-
vation in making available inert fertility. Prof.
Hunnicutt once selected one acre in a 20 acre field,
an average spot, and plowed and harrowed this acre
fourteen times right along before quitting. He then
planted and cultivated this acre just as he did the
rest of the field, running the rows right along through
it. The yield of the extra worked acre was much
more than double any other acre in the field. This
continued to be true with every crop grown on it for
five years afterwards. All through the growing sea:
son this acre could be distinguished as far as you
could see the field. In an experiment made in Georgia
a piece of land that was planted in cabbages, which
were got in in a hurry on a piece of land in bad phy-
sical condition ran together and became tough during
the wet weather that followed. Fertilizer at the rate
of a ton to the acre was applied, b\it the cabbages did
not thrive, although frequently cultivated. The 15th
of July saw the last of the cabbages cut, and the land
was then deeply plowed with a two-horse plow. The
weather was dry and the field turned up cloddy.
Without allowing the clods to become dry the cuta-
way harrow was pxit in the field and the clods were
worked down, following with the smoothing harrow
and roller. The following week the fif Id was cut up
again, harrowed and rolled down as before. The
next week the land was plowed again, after which it
was again harrowed and rolled. The fourth week
the cutaway harrow was put on it for the last time,
and when finished the field was like an ash bank.
Rows were laid off two feet apart and stable manure
applied in the drill to all the rows, with the exception
of ten rows, which had no manure or fertilizer. The
field was then planted in snap beans. It was wonder-
ful the way the beans grew. The weather was dry,
but they rlid not suffer. They just outgrew anything
on the place — producing over 200 bushels of snap
beans per acre. The strangest part of the experi-
ment, however, was that the ten rows which receiver!

no manure could not be distinguished from the rest
of the field, they produced equally as large a crop,
showing that the plants had all the plant food they re-
quired. The cultivation of the land had made the
inert plant food available to the extent required by
the crop, and the manure applied to the rest of the
field was thus proved to have been unneeded. On an
adjoining field, which did not receive any extra til-
lage, the portion manured was three times as large as
the part left unmanured, and produced three times
as many beans per row as the part left unmanured.
This clearly demonstrates that the factor dominating
the production was the cultivation and not the ma-
nure. In an experiment made in New Hampshire
certain corn plats were given no cultivation, other
plats were cultivated five times, and other fourteen
times. On the plats not cultivated the yield was 17
bushels to the acre, whilst the plats cultivated four-
teen times yielded at the rate of 80 bushels to the
acre. In New York State Irish potatoes have been
grown five years in succession with no aid given but
frequent cultivation of the land and the turning down
of vegetable matter grown on the land in the fall and
early spring, and have made a successful yield each
year. We think the foregoing experiments will sat-
isfy our correspondent that not the crop grown on the
land, but the way in which the land was treated,
causes the difference in the appearance and prospect
of his wheat crop. — Ed.

ALFALFA IN THE SOUTH AND MIDDLE STATES.

In response to our request for reports on experi-
ments in alfalfa growing in the South we have re-
ceived the following:

Alfalfa in Dinwiddie County, Va.

Editor Southern Planter:

Responding to your request in the June issue, I
would say that we have now about four acres in al-
falfa, sowing about one acre each year. The first
was sowed in 1900, in the spring. We cut it every
time it was about ten inches high. It was very dis-
couraging the first year, it looked yellow and spind-
ling. When we sowed it we put 300 pounds of acid
phosphate on the land; the next spring we applied
"00 pounds of lime per acre, and in the winter top
dressed and sprinkled with liquid manure, and still
the next year it did not do much, but the following
year we cut it every four or five weeks and had a
heavy growth. This was in 1902. After this we
o-ot our courage np and sowed another plat in the

458

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

early fall (1902). From this we had the first cut-
ting June 4th, this year. The third plot we sowed
last fall in the same way, with phosphate, and limed
it this spring. At this date it looks poor, but we
anticipate for next year a fair return after cutting it,
when it grows 10 or 12 inches. We intend to perse-
vere "ii these lines until we find a better method.

Dill ir id, lie Co., Vd. .1. 1 1. WeRRES.

Alfalfa in Lawrence County, Ky.

Editor Southern Planter:

There lias never Keen any alfalfa sown in this sec-
tion to amount to anything, except twelve acres that I
Bowed "li April 12th last on a piece of medium sandy
loam, a portion of it slightly rolling, but most level
land. The ground was plowed last November; disced
thoroughly on April 1st, harrowed with a straight
tooth harrow on April Kith, and the seed sown on
the 12th and rolled in lightly.

I send yon a sample of a few of the best stalks,
with roots attached ; also a couple of stalks of red
clover sown in a field beside the alfalfa, for com-
parison. The alfalfa will average 15 inches in
height, and is growing at least one-half inch per day;
the seed was treated with the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture's inoculating material, and 25
pounds of nitrate of soda per acre sown with the seed.

Why is August and September sowing preferable
to April ? I cannot, imagine how any better growth
than this can he obtained. Please give me some ad-
vice with reference to its treatment from this time
on. When shall I mow it, if at all, this year?

Jay H. Northup.

The sample is a fine one for so recent a seeding.
The crop should be cut at once, and the cutting be
repeated two or three times during the summer. This
repeated cutting causes the plants to tiller and cover
the land with a thick sod. Fall seeding of all grasses
and clover is advisable in the South except in moun-
tain sections. A better root growth is secured. — En.

Alfalfa in Indiana.

Editor Southern Planter:

Thinking that perhaps your readers might be in-
terested in raising alfalfa and pure Wooded cattle, T
have concluded to send you a short article, giving my
experience with alfalfn and recorded Herefords.

About nine years ago I bought two recorded Here-
ford heifer calves ; and my neighlwrs made fun of
me for paying $50 apiece for them. I now have
about fifty head of recorded Herefords, and have sold
calves to several in Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin,

Kentucky, North Dakota, etc., and the buyers have
invariably written for more cattle. I have sold cat-
tle here in my own county, too, and now we have ten
Hereford breeders in Boone county alone. Good cat-
tle eat no more than "scrubs," and they bring more
per pound, and weigh more. I want to tell you how
I keep the 50 head of cattle on 100 acres of land.

Aliout eighl years ago I sowed one and a half acres
in alfalfa on ground on which wheat had winter
killed. I sowed a little red clover also, thinking I
could make hay of the red clover if the alfalfa failed.
The alfalfa did very little good for two or three
years, or until the little red clover was all gone. T
did not inoculate the land for alfalfa, and it takes
alfalfa two or three years to inoculate itself. If I
had not sown the red clover I am satisfied I would
have plowed the alfalfa up, like nine-tenths of the
farmers do who do not inoculate it. As it was, by
ihe time the red clover was gone the alfalfa began to
do pretty well, and I let it stand. This old patch is
fine now, and I have been cutting four crops of hay
each year from it for several years. The first crop
last year made about two tons of nice hay per acre.
The year after sowing the first piece I sowed three
acres in alfalfa and red clover on upturned blue grass
sod that I had had harrowed thoroughly. 'A'his
proved a great discovery for me. The blue grass
came right up with the alfalfa, and I have fine blue
grass and alfalfa both on the same ground at the
same time. Alfalfa roots so deeply (ten feet or
more), and blue grass feeds on the surface, so one
does not bother the other. Both require to be cut
early for hay — say, last of May or first of June, and
both make good hay if cut before they ripen; and
nothing that T have ever tried equals this mixture for
pasture. I have this spring sowed eight acres more
in alfalfa on fine blue grass sod, and the alfalfa is
coming up now, although only sowed five days ago.
Two years ago T sowed about 20 acres of alfalfa in
corn just before the last cultivation, plowing it in
shallow. I got a fine stand and cut a nice crop of
hay in eleven months. Just abotit the time the sec-
ond crop ougb.1 to have been ready to cut I noticed
that the alfalfa was turning yellow, and that the
leaves were spotted, and were falling badly. I
thought I was going to loose my alfalfa; so I cut it
again as soon as possible, although it was only about
a foot high. As soon as I could get it in to shock I
took several wagon loads of soil from my oldest al-
falfa patch and scattered it here and there over this
field. The result was wonderful. In a few days the
alfalfa changed to a deep green color, and I got two

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

459

more cuttings of nice hay the first year. This proved
to me that inoculation is necessary for prompt suc-
cess with alfalfa. A friend of mine, at my sugges-
tion, sowed aboxit seven acres in alfalfa in corn in
June in 1002, and he got as fine a stand as I ever
Saw. He cut it four times last year for hay, and
was well pleased with it in every way, except that it
turned yellow from some cause last fall. He did not
inoculate it. This spring he has not more than half
a stand, and his disced and resowed part of it. Peo-
ple made fun of me again for sowing alfalfa, and
especially so when they saw me scattering a few hand
fuls of earth per square rod over the field. They
said: "Alfalfa would do in the West, but that it was
not adapted to this climate." When I began to ship
soil to others to inoculate with they thought me
stranger than ever. Last week one man came to us
while we were packing soil in barrels for shipment
and asked: "What are you doing?" I told him, and

he said : "Aren't there lots of d fools ?" I said :

"Yes, and plenty of them close around here." He
said no more, but went off. I have shipped soil all
over the Eastern and Central States, to New York,
Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Maryland, etc. I ship-
ped last summer one ton to one man in Pennsylvania
This spring one ton to Michigan to one man, and one
ton to a man at Liberty, Ind. I mean to sown ten
or twelve acres more of alfalfa each year on blue
grass sod until I get my whole farm into alfalfa and
blue grass mixed. I now have 58 acres of alfalfa.
I don't need much grain to keep pure bred Hereford s
in good condition. I buy a little grain to feed to the
cows in February and March. Of course I feed
young, growing calves a little grain all the time, but
I can sell a calf occasionally for $100 and buy corn
or oats from my neighbors, who think they must
raise corn and pasture their stock on the public high-
way. Raise a patch of alfalfa and blue grass for
your hogs. Set some locust trees out in it for shade
and posts, they will not hurt the pasture.

Boone Co., Ind. J. N. Shirley.

CAN ALFALFA BE MADE INTO GOOD SILAGE?

Editor Southern Planter:

If alfalfa could be utilized in the form of silage it
would be another way of using one of the most valu
able of farm crops. As a soiling crop it is pro-
nounced of the best, all animals are exceedingly fond
of it, and will get fat on it without the assistance of
grain, but few are ready or care to adopt the soiling
system. Alfalfa makes first class hay. Haymaking
is precarious, much often gets spoiled in the making.

and alfalfa spoils quickly, and as the crop is cut some
foiir or five times during the season of its growth it
would be a constant anxiety all the summer. Now,
if it could be cut and carried whilst green and. de-
posited in a silo all trouble from rain wotild be elimi-
nated and the expense would be no more than making
it into hay. The green alfalfa can be stored in much
less space than it could be in the form of hay, prob-
ably it would be well to allow a wilting to take place
before ensiloing. The silage could be used at once,
or it could be kept till wanted. I believe the most
econominal way to secure the crop would be to ensilo
it even for use in summer. Can it be made into
palatable and good silage ? Any one who has had
experience would confer a favor by giving his knowl-
edge to the public, and Mr. Editor, your views would
be highly appreciated. On many soils there is found
difficulty in getting alfalfa to grow well. Not that
the land is not good enough, but because sufficient
attention is not given to the preparation of the land
before seeding, and because the bacteria necessary to
its production is not present, but this trouble can now
be overcome by inoculating; the soil with dirt from
lands which have grown alfalfa, and in which the
nodules on the roots caused by the bacteria are plen-
tiful, or on application to the Secretary of Africul-
ture the bacteria in concentrated form will be fur-
nished at slight expense, with full instructions for its
use. It would be foolish to try to establish alfalfa
without taking all known means to get a good stand
for remember the sowing is not for a short crop like
clover, but one that may be expected to remain good
for many years, particularly if liberal dressings of
phosphate and potash are applied yearly, and with a
crop of this character one can afford to be generous
with mineral fertilizers. The feeding value of al-
falfa silage would be much higher than that made
from corn, the bulk would be, from the four cuttings,
about the same, and as there would be no annual plow-
ing, seeding, or cultivation, it should be grown at less
expense than corn silage, and I see no reason why it
should not be deposited in the silo as it comes from
the field without cutting or shredding. In taking it
from the silo if a hay knife is used to slit it across,
say every foot to the depth of daily consumption, it
could be as easily removed as corn silage that had
been through a silage cutter. Land after being sev-
eral years in alfalfa properly fertilized and managed
would be greatly increased in productiveness, capable
of growing heavy crops of wheat or other cereals, and
would be ready for alfalfa again in a short time.
Some one may ask the question, Can alfalfa be used
as silage, fed, say, into beef or milk, as profitably as
when sold as hay at $12 per ton at the farm? Tak-
ing into consideration the loss attached to haymaking,
I think it could. The manure value of alfalfa is
high, $1.80 per ton for green and $7.50 as hay.

460

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

As silage it must be consumed on the farm, when sold though I tried to infect the land by spreading a lot
as hay the farm is robbed of fertility. Every acre of of soil from another alfalfa field.

alfalfa consumed should furnish sufficient nitrogen
for another acre or more every year. A field of al-
falfa may be justly described as a trap to catch nitro-
gen from the air, not only for its own use, but for the
benefit of other crops not having the power to ac-
quire that important plant food from the atmosphere,
and to do its best in this line it must be liberally sup-
plied with phosphates and potash, and probably lime
on some soils. Foster Clarke.

Mercer Co., W. Va.

Whilst we have no personal knowledge of the mak-
ing of alfalfa silage, nor can we find any records of
experiments made with it, yet we see no reason why
il should not be made into good silage. Both Red
and Crimson clover are made into silage, and whilst
this «ilage is not always of the best quality, this arises
not from the nature of the crops so much as from
want of experience in siloing them at the proper
time and in the proper condition of growth. When
mixed with corn they make good silage. If this be
so, then alfalfa can surely be made into good silage
when the proper conditions are understood and ob-
served. Experience is only needed. — Ed.

ALFALFA GROWING IN HANOVER COUNTY, VA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Complying with your request for a contribution
upon the subject of alfalfa. I sowed three acres in
October, 1003. It came up beautifully, but did not
grow large enough to withstand the freezing and
thawing. To add to the troubles, water stood for a
long time upon the lower part of the field. The
higher part is a red clay hillside, part of the lower
land is sandy, part is loam. The land had been
plowed late in August and had been disked several
times. So-called blood and bone fertilizer had been
spread at the rate of 400 pounds to the acre for tur-
nips. The turnip seed was bad, and did not come
up. The land was disked twice in October and
Bowed to alfalfa at the rate of 30 pounds to the acre.
The laud had never heen limed. It really needs
lime.

Although most of the tender plants were killed,
enough survived to give a fair stand on the higher
parts of the field. I pulled out roots over 20 inches
long, but could not get complete roots because they
would always break -off. The field was mowed once
to cut down the weeds. The alfalfa is again about
18 inches high, but in danger of being destroyed by
the weeds. There are no nodules on the roots al-

These are the lessons this field has taught me. Oc-
tober is too late for sowing. Shall sow September 1st.

Land on which water will stand is not suited to
alfalfa. Clay soil seems to be as well (if not better)
suited to alfalfa in this section as sandy land. As
there are no old alfalfa fields near, I shall get bac-
teria from the Department of Agriculture. Soil
from new fields will not do.

I have near ten acres in peas on a field that will
be seeded to alfalfa September 1st this year. Shall
use a ton of lime and a ton of phosphate "floats"
per acre, and probably some potassium. The lime
will cost me about $2 per ton and the freight, the
floats probably $10 per ton delivered. Floats are
untreated phosphate rock, containing 27£ per cent
phosphoric oxid, or 12 per cent, pure phosphorus.
A ton of floats contains 240 pounds of phosphorous,
or as much as two tons of 14 per cent, phosphate
fertilizer. The floats dissolve slowly, and are well
suited for a field that is to remain permanently in
alfalfa.

As our Commissioner of Agriculture and our
Agricultural College and Experiment Station fur-
nish little or no information upon the subject of al-
falfa we must look to other States for light. The
report of the State Board of Agriculture of Kansas for
the year 1894 is exclusively devoted to alfalfa, and
may be had free by writing to Topeka, Kan. I have
seen alfalfa at the Nebraska Experiment Station at
Lincoln yielding nearly nine tons of hay without
irrigation, and I passed irrigated fields near Greely,
Colo., that are said to yield eleven tons. Western
methods, however, are not suited for Virginia. Here
weeds are more troublesome, and our lands are in
need of fertilizer. I am told that a patch of alfalfa
at the North Carolina Experiment Station is yield-
ing eight tons and more alfalfa every year in spite
of the fact that the field has not been properly limed
as it should have been. Alfalfa fields in the South
must be disked every spring and after every mowing
after the second year. For further information I
beg to refer readers to my article in the February
(1904) issue of the Southern Planter.

Hanover Co., Va. N.

CRIMSON CLOVER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I saw in the March issue of the Southern Plan-
ti i.\ page 172, an account of the non-success of Crim-
son clover. I have been there mvself. I then tried

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

461

sowing Japanese buckwheat with the Crimson clover,
and had splendid results. The buckwheat grows very
rapidly, and its thin, broad leaves make a fine shade
for the clover from the scorching sun of September
and October. When frosts come the buckwheat dies
down and make an excellent mulch for the winter.

Incidentally buckwheat is fine "bee food," and if
planted early enough for the seed to mature some-
what chickens will greedily eat it, and thereby vastly
improve the flavor of their flesh.

Henrico Co., Va. R. Powell Dunn.

CRIMSON CLOVER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I note from your March issue that one of your
subscribers living in Tennessee asks for some advice
as to best time to sow Crimson clover. He states in
his communication that he has sown Crimson clover
in October and November and succeeded in getting
a good stand but it always disappeared from some
unknown cause. The main cause of his failure has
been that he failed to seed at the proper time. I have
raised Crimson clover for a number of years and verv
sueessfully but never from sowing as late as Oc-
tober 15th. Another reason no doubt for said fail-
ure existed in the manner in which the seed was put
in. I have never failed to get a good stand when
sown on good loose fresh plowed land when I put it
in at the proper depth. It should always be plowed
in with a light cultivator and the very best result
that I have ever had was when I sowed the seed in
my corn fields at the last working ofthe corn and
put it in with an ordinary cultivator. This is most
always from the middle to the last of July. Even
though the fall turns out to be very dry you are al-
most certain of a good stand and a luxurious growth.
The corn shades the young plants and protects them
from the hot sun. This gives the clover a good
chance to become thoroughly rooted and set to the
ground before freezing weather sets in. Crimson
clover is easier killed by the hot sun and by freezing
in its early stage than any of the clovers, but when
seeded at the right time and in the proper manner it
is the very greatest soil improver that the Southern
farmer can use to-day. The following incident
proved this most satisfactorily to my mind : A few
years ago I bought a piece of red clay land that was
poor. I broke it in April and worked constantly on
it for three weeks with disc harrow, roller and spike
tooth harrow trying to get it in shape for corn, there
being just four and one-half acres in the piece. I

finally got it in good order and planted my corn
May 22d. We had a good season, and on July 27th
we plowed it the last time, at which time I sowed 25
pounds of crimson clover to the acre and got a splen-
did stand. At cribbing time I measured my corn
and found that I had just 144 bushels of soft, spongy
corn on the ear. The next season, May 21st, I plow-
ed this clover under just as it was in full bloom, and
it would average waist high. I planted my corn
June 2d, and had not as good a crop season as the
year previous, but when I measured my corn in the
fall I found that I had made instead of 32 bushels
to the acre, 56 bushels to the acre, or almost double
the amount of the previous season on the same land,
and this under more adverse circumstances. I have
done the same thing quite a number of times since,
and I have never failed to increase the yield from 50
to 75 per cent. I don't believe that there is a single
observant farmer in the South to-day who after giv-
ing Crimson clover a thorough and honest trial will
ever be willing to discard it. I have also followed
Crimson clover with all the small grains, and always
with the same results. Some future time I may
fake this matter up again and give you my experience
further with it. T. M. Aebasmith.

Guilford Co., N. C.

We shall be glad to hear further from our corre-
spondent on this subject, as it is one of present im-
portance to all farmers. The time for seeding is
just commencing, and we should like to see the crop
much more largely grown, as we know it to be of the
highest value. — Ed.

LIME AND FERTILIZERS AS IMPROVERS OF
LAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

If Mr. Hull will visit the sections of Pennsylva?
nia where lime was formerly used to the extent that
he claims he will find that the farmers discovered
years ago that they had been liming too much.
Thirty years ago in one of the best farmed sections
of Maryland, Kent county, in late winter and spring
the river banks were lined with lime boats bringing
the lime from the Schuykill and Susquehanna, and
many farmers were like Mr. Hull, very enthusiastic
on the subject of liming. But to-day he will find in
that section but a small part of the lime used that
was applied formerly, for the farmers have learned
what lime does, and many of them had over-limed
their lands and suffered for it. One of the oldest
and best farmers in that section wrote me not long

462

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

ago that for twenty years he has used no fertilizer j phosphate and potash will destroy vegetation it is a

Imt acid phosphate, that has cost him an average of
$9.50 per ton, for the wheat crop, and from the
average of thirty years ago of ten to fifteen bushels
<>f wheat per acre he has averaged for many years
forty bushels, and has used lime very lightly, and
for years none at all. Mr. Hull says that sandy
soils are rich in potash, while the fact is that sis a
rule sandy soils are the most deficient in this min-
eral element. Clay soils usually have much more
potash than sandy ones. There are few of our old
cultivated soils that are rich in phosphorus. In fact,
the great deficiency in most of these soils is of phos-
phorus. Lime will never make phosphoric acid
available, but it will, on the other hand tend to make
it more unavailable by reverting it to the monobasic
form. Lime is certainly valuable judiciously used
in a good rotation, but the man who imagines that
he can make poor laud rich by liming will soon find
that the lime has enabled him to still further reduce
its fertility. Now, as to the sulphuric acid destroy-
ing humus, I know that Mr. Hull is in error. Near
where I live is a large fertilizer factory. A few
years ago their immense acid chamber was destroyed

little singular that the thousands of tons of these
materials that are used annually have not had this
effect, but have aided in the making of crops. We
cannot use the pure elements as fertilizers, but must
always take them in some combination. Hence I
meant just what I wrote, and did not mean phospho-
rus or potassium, though these are what we are after
in using the combinations that enable us to use them.
"N." says: "It is no use to try to improve a farm by
poor crops of peas. . . . It is better to sow
fewer acres and fertilize these heavier." What will
he fertilize them with if acid phosphate and potash
will kill them ? We have never advocated the keep-
ing of more stock than can be well fed and fed at a
profit. But no matter how poor the land, the far-
mer should keep stock enough to use up all the rough-
age that can be made before turning it into manure.
Then as to pea vine hay. If there is any hay more
easily cured I have not yet found it, after thirty
years or more of experience. The man who keeps
just what stock his land will feed will soon be keep-
ing more. It is all very pretty in theory to get land
rich with fertilizers and green manuring, but the

by fire, and tons on tons of pure commercial sul- 1 man who fully realizes that feeding stock lies at

phuric acid flowed out over the bottom land on which
the factory is situated. To-day that acid-soaked
soil is just as rich in humus as ever and far more
fertile than before its bath of acid. Any free sul-
phurie acid that may be in an acid-phosphate will at
once seek some base in the soil and become a neutral
salt of whatever base is present, either forming sul-
phate of lime or potash, as may happen. The acid
cannot remain in the soil as an acid. There are no
cultivable soils so deficient in these bases that free
acid can remain in them. Your correspondent "N."
says: "If 'Virginian' should ever use acid phos-
phate or potash on any crop he would destroy every
bit of vegtation. He probably means use phospho-
rus and potassium, which are very different arti-
cles." They certainly are different. But will "N."
please tell us how he would use phosphorus as a fer-
tilizer, since it burns up at once when it comes in
contact with the air, and how he would use potassium,
which is a metal and altogether unavailable as plant
food till oxidized to what we call potash. Acid phos-
phate is simply a superphosphate of lime, made by
dissolving the lime phosphate that exists in rocks,
so that its phosphoric acid can become available to
plants. Potash is the oxide of potassium which is
found in various combinations in potash salts and
ashes, and if "N." says the application of acid

the very foundation of profitable agriculture every-
where will find that his farm is gaining faster than
the one whose owner is afraid of the trouble of feed-
ing stock. I am fully in sympathy with a judicioiis
and liberal use of commercial fertilizers, and am not
afraid that acid phosphate and potash will burn up
my peas, for I know that they have always made them
grow rapidly, but at the same time I know from a
long experience in the cultivation of the soil that it is
wasteful to use as manure only, crops that have a
high feeding value the larger part of whose manurial
value can be recovered in the droppings. If a man
is so situated that he cannot make any profit in feed-
ing stock in some way, he would be the only man to
depend on fertilizers alone, and even he would have
to be quite rich if he could afford to spend $100 an
acre to make a farm on what is merely a place for
one. There is not the slightest doubt that thousands
on thousands of acres of Virginia land can be brought
up to the production of even greater crops than "N."
mentions, and more than this, they can be made to
pay for the bringing up, and do not need a fortune
to be spent on them before paying a profit. But to
teach men that the Virginia lands are only "places
for farms," and that a man must spend $100 per acre
on them before realizing any profit is certainly a
great mistake. I know of no land in Virginia which

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

463

was originally productive and has a good clay sub-
soil that cannot be brought to a high state of produc-
tiveness and made to pay for its improvement as it
increases in fertility. Such lands are not worn out,
but have gotten unproductive through bad treatment,
and will quickly respond to proper tillage and rota-
tion, and the feeding of live stock. This is not
theory, for I have done it in more than one part of
Virginia.

As our friend Hull gives his name, and I do not
want to shoot from ambush, I give mine.

(Virginian), W. E. Massey,
Editor of Practical Farmer.

Our correspondent's remarks as to the inadvisa-
bility of using lime in connection with phosphatic
fertilizers were no doubt made in response to our own
remarks in a recent article as to the power of lime to
render available potash and phosphoric acid in the
soil. We, of course, were aware when making this
statement that it had long been claimed that there
was danger of reverting the phosphoric acid in an
acid phosphate by the use of lime at the same time
as the phosphate. We, however, doubt this. Ex-
periments made at the Rhode Island Station from
1894 to 1899 go to prove that the two may be used
together not only with safety, but with advantage.
All the plots on which lime was used along with dif-
ferent forms of phosphatic fertilizers gave better re-
sults than those on which the phosphatic fertilizers
alone were used. We would not, however, advise the
application of the two at the same time. Apply the
lime in the fall and the phosphate in the spring. — Ed.

CURING CLOVER HAY.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have always advocated, as you know, the storing
of clover and other legume hay before the leaves get
crisp. But I agree with you that clover cut in the
morning and stored that afternoon will be more
likely to make silage than hay. The curing should
be largely in the winrows, however, and no heating
should be allowed while there. When wilted so that
no sap can be wrung to a twist the curing can be well
completed in the barn. W. F. Massey,

Editor Practical Farmer.

Skippers in Hams.

Do you know of any way to get rid of skippers
when they have once gotten into the hams ?

J. N. Faeis.

No. We believe it to be impossible to get rid of
them with certainty. They caanot be reached. This
is a case where prevention is the only course. — Ed.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southebk
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Silo Building.

Some years ago I dug a silo, but it was too wide
and too deep for the number of cattle I had, conse-
quently I lost much feed. I could not feed it as
fast as it moulded. Being in stiff clay, water also
ran in, and I had to give it up. Now, I want to
build one above ground, and would be very glad if
you would give dimensions and directions for build-
ing one to furnish feed for six cattle for about six
months. A. B. C.

King William Co., Ya.

In our article on Work for the Month in this issue
will be found information on this subject. — Ed. —

Effects of Warm Weather.

I notice that during the past spell of warm weather
my horses and most all of the neighbors' horses stop-
ped sweating, and in consequence they panted like
oxen. Please give the cause and remedy in your
next issue. M. C. Lewis.

We are unable to explain this. — Ed.

Richmond Co., Va.

Preparation for Irish Potatoes and Tomatoes.

1. Which would be best to sow in corn land for
Irish potatoes next spring, cow peas or rye ? What
i.j best time to plow down ?

2. We have about two and one-half acres of land,
which stood under timothy sod for about eleven years.
We broke it in February, broadcasted it with barn-
yard manure and used a fertilizer, 3-8-4, about 700
pounds to the acre. This land is planted in sweet
potatoes. If we harvest the potatoes and sow the
land in rye, can we grow a successful crop of Irish
potatoes and peanuts ? Irish potatoes to be planted
the last of March in rows three and one-half or four
feet apart. Peanuts to be planted between the pota-
toe rows in June, and potatoes taken out the first of
July, the land to be well fertilized for each crop.

Accomac Co., Va. G. L. More, Jr.

1. We would sow cow peas now and plow these
down in October, and then sow rye to conserve the
fertility which the cow peas will have gathered.

2. Yes. We think so. — Ed.

Destroying Horns on Calves.

In the June issue>of the Southern Planter, in
reply to the question by B. S. H., regarding destroy-
ing horns by caustic, we notice Ed. says, apply two
or three times. We have had much of this work done

464

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

while on a stock farm in the West, and one applica-
tion is all-sufficient if properly done. Rub the caus-
tic on until skin over the horn is thoroughly red, then
stop, always using care to wet a spot no larger than
the button of the horn, as caustic will burn wherever
applied. We think that two or three applications
would not only destroy horns, but injure the calf as
well, as one application often makes the calf quite
gict. W. W. Stockwele.

Halifax Co., ~Va.

We have known the application made two or three
times without injury, but are glad to have the advice
as to care in using the remedy, given by our corre-
spondent.— Ed.

Rotation of Crops.

I have been much interested in your recent edi-
torials regarding crop rotation, and especially the
suggestions given in April number in answer to a
correspondent. I had planned, and am carrying out,
a different series of rotations, chiefly because of lack
of other land for wheat crops, and would be very glad
to have your criticisms.

My plan has been to sow cow peas the first year,
with 100 pounds of acid phosphate per acre, to be
turned under in September after peas were picked,
and land sowed in crimson clover, which was pas-
tured in winter and early spring, and turned under
in April of second year for corn, on which I used
200 pounds of 2-8-2 fertilizer per acre. I then sow-
ed peas and crimson clover in the corn, and the fol-
lowing year pastured it until June of third year,
when it was turned under and land kept in good prep-
aration for wheat and oats, to be sowed in Septem-
ber, with 200 pounds each of acid phosphate and
kainit per acre, sowing mixed grasses on the grain in
spring of fourth year, fallowing again in fall of fifth
year, sowing crimson clover, turning that under for
corn sixth year with 2-8-2 fertilizer. I fear that my
plan is less thorough than yours, and the "drawing"
crops of corn and wheat are closer together, and I
have made no provision for liming the land. I would
like to ask the following queries :

1. In my scheme, should I put lime on peas whicli
I turn under the first year, and where that has been
neglected, can I safely put lime on in June of third
year, just before sowing wheat and oats, or has that
plan any disadvantages?

2. Instead of sowing grass on the grain crops in
spring, would you advise fallowing the land after
harvest and sowing grasses that fall, leaving the land
in grass for two full years ?

3. Is there any disadvantage in growing wheat and
oats side by side in same field ? ,

4. Is the pasturing of cultivated fields objection-
able, and is the tramping of sqil a greater injury

than the droppings from cattle are beneficial ?

5. Does agricultural lime contain any potash?

6. If you prefer muriate of potash to kainit,
should it be mixed with the acid phosphate, or how
shall I apply it to the land ?

7. In sowing both peas and crimson clover in corn,
I have found no means of covering the clover, which
I sowed by hand, in showery weather, with fair suc-
cess. Is ther,e a better method ?

8. Will nitrate of soda or muriate of potash de-
teriorate by being kept over, or should I buy only
such quantity as I need at one time — I have never
used either of these.

9. I have two lots, near stable yard, which I have
used constantly for sorghum, followed by Crimson
clover and peas, followed by Crimson clover — cutting
all of these crops. If I fertilize the sorghum and the
peas each spring, can I keep up the fertility of these
lots ? I do not fallow these lots for the clover crops,
but simply drag each way over peas or sorghum stub-
ble with straight tooth harrow and get good stands.
Is this practice to be condemned ?

10. Are disc plows, disc cultivators and disc har-
rows desirable for use on land where there is a
sprinkling of rocks — some being as large as my head
— or should I defer buying these tools until I can
plow up and haul off all the rocks ?

Amelia Co., Va. Subscriber.

The rotation you are practicing is one that will no
doubt result in constant improvement of your land,
and should give you good crops. I think, however,
it might be improved, and the answers we give to
your first and second questions indicate the direc-
tion in which we think the improvement should be
made.

1. We think liming is very essential to the perma-
nent improvement of all land in the South, and
would therefore lime your land once in each rotation,
applying from 25 to 50 bushels to the acre. The
lime would be best applied on the pea fallow to pre-
cede the clover, but if not then applied can with
safety he put on after plowing the clover down for
the wheat crop, and be then worked into the land
whilst preparing it for that crop.

2. We have always strongly advised the seeding
of grass alone instead of on a grain crop. You are
much more certain to get a stand, and will secure a
good crop usually the first year, which will be more
valuable than the grain. We would certainly keep
the land in grass two full years. It will, we feel
sure, pay you to do so, and will result in giving you
a good sod to turn under, which will greatly benefit
the land bv adding humus to the soil.

3. No.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

465

4. This depends much on the character of the
land. On light land pasturing is beneficial, as it
tends to consolidate it and thus enables the crops to
get better hold. Heavy clay lands, on the other
hand, are often seriously injured by pasturing, es-
pecially if stock are allowed on whenever the land
is wet.

5. We believe that some of the agricultural lime
offered on the market claims to have potash in its
composition. We would prefer to buy each sepa-
rately.

6. We prefer muriate of potash to kainit for all
crops except cotton. In the muriate you get a much
higher percentage of potash usually at a less price
per unit, and you get less useless material than in the
kainit. Kainit, however, is valuable in preventing
rust on cotton.

7. We do not know any better method than the
one you adopt unless you sow the peas and clover
early enough to permit of their being worked in at
the last working. In this issue you will find articles
dealing with this question.

8. Not if kept in a dry place.

9. Yes, we think you will maintain the fertility
of the two plots in the method you adopt. We pre-
sume you apply stable manure to keep up the humus
in the land.

10. Disc plows, cultivators and harrows do not
work well amongst large rocks, but if these are not
very numerous we think you would not find the
tools difficult to work and they certainly make ex-
cellent work wherever they can be used. — Ed.

Nitrate of Soda on Clover.

1. Will it pay to use nitrate of soda on Crimson
and Western clover ? When can it be used on clover
sown in August?

2. How much to the acre, and the price of it ?

3. Can it be sown by hand?_

4. Where can I get the nitrate of soda ?
Middlesex Co., Va. Geo. H. Hall.

1. The clovers being all leguminous plants, and
therefore able to get their own nitrogen from the at-
mosphere, it is not usually profitable to apply nitro-
genous fertilizers to them. It does, however, some-
times pay to do so when the crop is weak in growth
arising either from absence of the specific clover
microbe in the soil or from damage by severe weather.
In such a case nitrate of soda would be a proper
fertilizer to use for the purpose. It should be ap-
plied when the plant is just starting growth in the
spring. If applied in the fall it would have the

effect of inducing a tender growth, which would be
likely to suffer in the winter.

2. From 75 to 100 pounds to the acre would be
sufficient. It usually cost from $45 to $48 per ton.

3. Yes.

4. From Wm. S. Myers, 12 John street, New
York city, who is the representative in this country
of the nitrate of soda people. — Ed.

Sorrel— Sheep Pasture— Pump— Windmill— Sheep
Killed by Dogs.

1. What is condition of soil where sorrel grows ?
What is the best way to get rid of it ?

2. Would wheat sowed in September be as good as
rye, or would something else be better than either
for sheep pasture next spring? Would it do to sow
crimson clover with it ?

3. What would be the best pump to put in a well
about thirty feet deep ? How would a windmill do ?
About what would a good one cost ? Some say there
is not wind enough in this part of the country to rim
one satisfactorily (Southwest Virginia, near the Ten-
nessee line).

4. If dogs kill a man's sheep in the State of Vir-
ginia, will the State pay for the sheep ?

Washington Co., Va. A Subscriber.

1. The growth of sorrel is usually an indication of
poverty of soil. The best way to get rid of it is to
encourage the growth of better herbage by making
the soil rich. This will soon crowd out the sorrel.

2. The best pasture for sheep for winter and
spring is made by sowing in August or September a
mixture of wheat, oats and rye in equal parts with
crimson clover added. Sow 10 pounds of crimson
clover with three-quarters of a bushel of the mixed
grain per acre. A couple of pounds of Dwarf Essex
rape seed per acre may also be added with advantage
to the mixture.

3. Write the Sydnor Pump and Well Co., of this
city, whose ad. you will find in the Planter. They
are practical experts in pump and well machinery,
with large experience of the conditions affecting dif-
ferent sections of the State.

4. No, the State does not pay for sheep killed by
dogs. In some counties having special dog laws the
county pays. — Ed.

Goats.

Will you please tell me the kind of fence required
to keep common goats in ? Will a plank or rail fence
do ? If so, about what height ? Will a shed do to
keep them in ? What is the best thing to feed them
on ? How old a child can ride them ? Where is the

466

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

cheapest and best place to get them, and what is the
price of both sexes, and also of kids?

Subscriber's Daughter.
A plank fence 4 feet <i inches in height will keep
goats in bounds but a rail fence is not to be relied on,
as they climb so readily. They require very little
shelter from the weather. A shed will be ample.
They will eat forage of any kind, but prefer to
browse on Bhrubs and undergrowth. We see very
small children riding and driving goats here in the
city. Much depends on the way the goats are treat-
ed from birth. We do not know of any place to buy.
goats, but an advertisement in the Planter would
find them. — Ed.

Angora Goats.

Do you think Angora goat raising would pay if
run with sheep on a large mountain range where
there is a plenty of undergrowth. Give prices of
Mohair or wool. Any information about goat rais-
ing will be very much appreciated.

Amherst. Co., Va. W. W. Massie.

We are of opinion that Angora goats would do
well on such a range as you describe. We have pub-
lished a number of articles on these goats, and have
several others which we expect to publish shortly.
Western breeders of the goats are well satisfied with
them, and we know of no reason why they should not
he a success in the South. There are already a num-
ber of farms in the State where they are being tried,
and from one or two of these we hear satisfactory re-
ports. The Mohair sells all the way from 10 cents
to $1 per pound, according to length and fineness of
quality of the staple and freedom from short under
fleece. Mr. Mann S. Valentine, of Rockcastle, Va.,
who lias some fine animals which he has advertised
in our columns, could probably give you valuable
information about the animals. — Ed.

deliver at your depot.
at Burkeville.— Ed.

Write Mr. Sandy, his agent

Corn for Horses.

Which is the best way to feed corn to horses this
lime of the year? Feed .dry corn on cob? Soak
corn on cob? or crush and grind corn and cob?
Rockingham Co., Va. W. M. H.

We think the best way to feed corn at all times is
to grind it and mix it with bran and cut hay or
fodder. In this way they get the full value of all
the corn, and the bran supplies the protein the corn
lacks. Corn and cob meal has given good results in
horse feeding experiments, and with a little bran
added makes an excellent ration. — Ed.

Lime.

I want to use some lime on my land this fall.
Please tell me the best kind to use and where I can
lust gej it in car lots. Cumberland is on a narrow
guage railroad, and the lime will have to be trans-
ferred at Moslcy's Junction or Farmville.

F. P. Fl.IPPEN.

Cumberland Co., Va.

Use the rock lime. We should suppose that you
could get this to cost least ;it your depot, from some
of the lime kilns above Lynchburg, say at Eagle
Rock. We hear that a Mr. Mason, of Ripplcmcad,
on the Norfolk and Western railroad, is delivering
lime for agricultural purposes at Burkeville at a
very reasonable price. Perhaps he might be able to

Whitewash.

Please publish in the next issue of the Planter
the receipt for making government whitewash.

Botetourt Co., Va. Subscriber.

Slack half a bushel of good, fresh lime in boiling
water, keeping it covered during the process. Strain
it and add a peck of salt dissolved in water, three
pounds of ground rice boiled to a thin paste, half a
pound of powdered Spanish whiting and a pound of
clear glue dissolved in warm water. Mix thesese
well together and let the mixture stand for several
days. Keep the wash thus prepared in a kettle or
portable furnace and put on as hot as possible. — Ed.

Plant for Name.

Will you please give the botanical, as well as the
English, name of the enclosed shrub or plant. Will
you state if it has any medicinal properties ; and if
so, what they are? M. C. Lewis.

Richmond Co., Va.

The plant is Scotch Broom (Cytisus Scoparius).
It has no economic value, but is often planted as an
ornamental plant. It was introduced from Europe
about a century ago. — Ed.

Fleas in Hay Barn.

Tn our boo- barn fleas are very numerous ; will you
please give me some remedy for exterminating them
through your next issue? E. L. Hale,

Halifax Co., Va. Manager L. F. C. Farm.

Clean the place out thoroughly and brush down
the walls. Then give the whole building, inside and
out, a coating of lime wash, in which mix a pint of
kerosene to each bucketful of the wash.- Dust the
floors with tobacco dust and trash. Persian insect
powder (Pyrethrum) is also very obnoxious to fleas,
but it is rather a costly remedy to use in a hog barn.
—Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

467

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

Successional crops of corn, pole beans, lima beans
and navy beans should be planted every week or ten
days to keep up tbe supply until frost cuts them off.
Sweet potatoes may yet be set out and cuttings from
the plants set earlier should be taken off and be plant-
ed. Cut off the ends of the vines with three or four
leaves on and insert them in the soil nearly up to the
top leaves, and they will soon take root if the ground
be moist. These cuttings will make potatoes for seed
that will be better than those from the earlier planted
draws.

Keep the cultivators running in the crops that are
growing to encourage growth and keep down weeds.
As land is cleared of crops, if not wanted for succes-
sional crops, seed with Crimson clover and cover with
the cultivator. This will help to keep up the fer-
tility of the land and make a good fallow to plow
down.

sets and just barely cover them with soil. As they
grow work the soil into the furrows and bring to
a level surface as the plants grow. Keep level and
cultivate frequently. This crop makes the best sets
for spring planting, and there is a heavy and con^
stant demand for them. The crop should mature
just before frost.

Celery plants should be drawn from the seed bed
and be set out on a bed in a moist, shady situation to
grow on for a month before being set out where they
are finally to grow and make a crop. If the plants
are at all drawn or spindling, clip the tops back, and
repeat this if necessary in order to keep the plants
stocky.

Seed may be sown for late cabbage and broccoli
plants to set out in September. Dust the beds and
young plants with tobacco dust to keep off bugs and
worms.

The late crop of Irish potatoes should be planted
The sets used should have been kept in cold storage
to prevent sprouting. These sets should be sprouted t
slightly by being spread out on a moist, shady piece
of ground for a few days before being set. Potatoes
grown from these sets will mature just before frost,
and will keep well during the winter. Do not be
sparing in the use of fertilizer. Use a complete fer-
tilizer having a high percentage of potash. Such a
fertilizer may be made up of 300 pounds of nitrate
of soda, 600 pounds of fish scrap, 800 pounds of acid
phosphate, and 300 pounds of muriate of potash.
Use from 500 to 1,000 pounds per acre.

Seed may be sown for crops of fall turnips, rad-
ishes and lettuce.

In the Eastern sections of Virginia and North and
South Carolina the second crop of Irish potatoes
should be planted. This crop is grown from seed
raised this spring. The sets should be the medium
sized potatoes sorted out when digging the crop, and
should he planted whole. These sets should be spread
out in a moist, shady place and have a little fine,
moist soil spread amongst them, not sufficient to
cover them, but just sufficient to pack around them.
They will green and commence to put out sprouts.
When fairly sprouted they should be set. Open the
furrows deep. Apply the fertilizer in the bottom of
the furrows and mix with the soil. Then drop the

A NEW STRAWBERRY.

Mr. M. T. Thompson, of Rio Vista, Va., sends us a
sample of his new strawberry, "Thompson's No. 2."
This, he claims, to be one of the finest of the many
new varieties which he has produced. It is certainly
a good berry, large in size, fine in color, and very firm
and will make a good shipper. We are inclined to
think that it is not so fine in flavor as his "Mark
Hanna" berry, but this season was against it, as it
was so dry just at the time it was maturing.

FRUIT PROSPECTS IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the Piedmont section of Albemarle county the
prospect for peaches is a very heavy crop, in many
places a record breaker. The same may be said for
plums. Apples are a very light crop. Pears scat-
tering, and cherries vary very much, some places
have none, others higher up are full. Off the moun-
tains generally there is but little fruit. Damsons
are also among the heavy crops this year. Straw-
berries are just over and have been a great disap-
pointment, having first been considerably injured by
frost, and later by dry weather. Prices were good

468

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

for what was shipped (about one-fourth of normal
crop only). Waltee Whately,

Chairman Committee on Transportation, Virginia
State Horticultural Society.

FOUR PAYING CROPS PER ANNUM.
Editor Southern Planter:

In an interview this morning with one of our lead-
ing truck farmers, we gleaned the following "facts,
figures and features" respecting some of his trucking
operation, which may be of interest to some of your
readers :

We paid special attention and took great interest
in the results he had secured and is now securing
from one little patch of four acres now in beans
(snap beans) about ready to begin shipping.

In Sej)tember last (1903) he sowed spinach on the
four acres, and, beginning after Christmas, he cut
and marketed the spinach at the rate of 100 barrels
to the acre, getting therefor in Northern markets
from $2 to $7 per barrel, or an average of about $4.50
per barrel. On Washington's birthday
22d he cut spinach at $5.50 per barrel.

In March he transplanted 175,000 lettuce plants
in this four acres. Just a few days before cutting
his lettuce he planted beans (snaps) between the let-
tuce rows. He cut 450 bushel baskets of lettuce to
the acre, which sold for $2 to $2.75 per basket. The
beans are now nearly ready to begin shipping. The
last week in May he planted canteloupes between the
rows of beans, at proper intervals. He will get at
least 150 to 250 baskets of snaps to the acre, good
for $1 to $2 per basket, and in July will get 250
crates of canteloupes to the acre, worth $1 to $1.50
per crate.

His gross sales will reach $2,000 to the acre. If
his net profits do not reach $1,000 per acre it is be-
cause of gross mismanagement somewhere.

Nature will do her very best to help this gentleman
make $1,000 per acre per annum from that four acres
of land. This, take notice, is not hot house work
nor fancy work. It is business, strictly business,
from start to finish — from one end the year to the
other.

Nor is this a special effort upon his part to make a
record or to beat some other record. It is a regular
thing for him to do, and he is doing it every year.
He uses a liberal supply of fertilizers, especially those
with a bone base (and there is a "right smart heap"
of fertilizer in his hat), he also uses good implements,

and believes in thorough cultivation and manipula-
tion of the soil.

He keeps his land busy summer and winter. He
keeps it covered all the year with growing crops, so
that neither the frcst of winter nor the sximmer's sun
finds any bare or uncovered soil to work upon. Not-
withstanding the fact that he grows successfully and
easily four crops per annum from the same land, he
has all of the month of August to prepare this land
for another routine of four crop3.

If the regular farmer would but pursue his calling
as intelligently and as vigorously as our trucker
friend what wonderful results might not be attained
in the Old Dominion.

Such results could not be secured unless the soil
and climate were very favorable. Even then such
results would not be secured except that the markets
demanded the produce, and the freight rate and ship-
ping facilities were favorable. The fact is that our
soil and climate are both very favorable, and when it
comes to freight rates, if we measure by the rate, we
are within 25 miles of 10,000,000 consumers. If we
measure by hours, we are within 12 hours of 20,000,-
February t 000 consumers. Therefore the soil, climate and
markets, are all stimulating. In such case man will
naturally do bis best. A. Jeffebs.

Norfolk, Va.

THE LETTUCE CROP.

Editor Southern Planter:

Mr. Jeffers speaks of intensive gardening with let-
tuce and snaps, etc. If he wishes to see real intensive
work with lettuce he should visit some of our New
Bern (N. C.) truckers. One firm there has now 12
acres in frames with steam pipes running through to
keep out frost, and they are doing real intensive work,
for the lettuce is all gone to market for round prices
during the winter and early spring before the out-
door lettuce around Norfolk starts, and they have the
out-door crop, too. They are now growing celery in
these heated frames, starting late in the fall and
crowding the plants to bleach and get them ready for
market when the market is bare of celery. The same
pipes that heat the frames are used for watering as
they have sprinklers on them and can attach to the
pump and the frames are showered over when needed.
This is a start in intensive gardening, and it will not
be long before there are acres in the upper South
covered with glass structures for real winter forcing
of tomatoes, strawberries, snaps, etc. I have grown
a fine crop of snaps in the greenhouse in winter in
six inch pots, using the English forcing sorts. I

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

469

have sold 260 pounds of tomatoes in winter from 2fi
plants, and got 25 cents a pound for them on the
local market when the Florida crop was selling for
one-fourth the price. Cucumbers are another crop
that we can force in winter much more profitably
than the Northern growers, who have to use far
more expensively built and heated houses. I have
sold forced cucumbers to the winter resort hotels for
75 cents a dozen, and could probably have gotten
more if I had grown them in quantity large enough
to pay for shipment North. The intensive work that
we should do in the trucking section of the South is
not merely the intensive use of the open ground, but
intensive work under glass that will enable us to
compete with the far South with products of higher
quality. Then it is also true, as Mr. Jeffers says,
that we need more stock farmers, but in a section
like that about Norfolk, where the trucking interest
is paramount, the man who has good truck land will
hardly go into farming with stock, but into that
which is the most profitable in his section. But
there are vast areas near Norfolk which are not the
best truck soil, such as the black, moist lands on the
Norfolk and Southern Railroad, where the whole |
country is devoted to corn only, but which is admir- \
ably suited to grass and stock, where stock farming
could be made more profitable than any section T
know of. With lands as fertile as an Illinois prairie
and right at the ports of shipment, export cattle
should be more profitable than in the West, from
which they have to travel over the whole country.

W. E. Masset,
Editor of Practical Farmer.

GARDEN NOTES.

Editor Southern Planter:

The several crops on the truck farm and in the
garden will need prompt attention this month. The
cultivator should be run as late as possible to make
the crops continue bearing late into the fall. If a
loose mulch of dirt is not kept on the surface of the
soil, most vine crops will bear only one or two good
pickings and then fail.

The benefits of cultivation, or the philosophy of
tillage, are but little understood by the general
farmer. It is too often the case that the farmer
makes a rule to cultivate his crop "so many times"
irrespective of the season and soil conditions. Hence
failure too often results when drouthy conditions pre-
vail. However, this subject of tillage is important

enough for a whole book, and I must pass it by till a
more opportune time.

I have found in my experience that it does not pay
to stake tomato vines for a general crop to be used in
canning. Pruning and staking the vines will make
the crop earlier and the tomatoes fewer and larger,
and will materially lessen the yield. For general
purposes, I prefer giving the soil shallow tillage as
late in the season as possible, and then spread straw
under the vines to keep the fruit off the soil. This
straw will greatly help to hold the soil moisture if
drouthy conditions come in July and August.. While
there has been an abundant rainfall in Southwest
Virginia especially, so far, still if drouthy condi-
tions should set in later on, disastrous results would
he much more serious. The soil would become hard
and parched.

Old strawberry beds will need attention now. If
these are very filthy and the foliage much diseased,
prepare to set a new bed. Where the bed is not so
foul as to require destroying, mow the old foliage
down with all the weeds and grass. Let this ma-
terial become dry, then scatter it over the beds, and
where it does not give all the plants a very light
covering use some straw or leaves. Set fire to the
trash and give the bed a slight burning. Take a
one-horse turning plow and throw the soil together
between the rows. This will usually kill the filth
between the rows and leave a ridge of plants about
twelve inches wide. Use a small, sharp hoe to clean
out the weeds on this ridge. In about a week use the
cultivator on the ridge thrown up between the rows to
bring the dirt back against the plants. By this
method I have seen old beds be made to bear good
crops.

Late cabbage will require frequent cultivation now.
The cabbage worm is likely to make its appearance
as usual this season. Fresh Persian insect powder
dusted over the plants early in the morning while the
dew is on and the worms are usually on the outer
edges of the leaves may be all that is needed to de-
stroy this serious pest. The hot water treatment and
arsenical poisons are often advantageously used, but
these things require extreme care in their use, and I
do not recommend them to any one who has had no
experience with such things. The Persian insect
powder is not poisonous to man or plants. Old stock
is sometimes kept at drug stores which has largely loat
its strength. The fresh article should be had. This
powder is a most valuable household article also for
flies, mosquitoes and many other insects that infest
houses, barns, berries, etc.

470

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July.

Weeds are making a wonderful growth this season.
The best way to kill a weed is to do so while it is in
the seed. Keep all weeds from seeding, if possible.
This will save the back and many drops of perspira-
tion next year.

Sow cow peas on all soil where the truck crops are
harvested. This is a wonderful plant to loosen the
soil and increase its fertility. It will lower the fer-
tilizer bill and increase the bank account.

Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price.

VELVET BEANS.

"Velvet beans are not a desirable crop to make into
hay. They make such an enormous tangled growth
that neither man nor machine can handle them. They
are fit only to use as an improver of the soil."

The above item clipped from the last issue of The
Southern Planter misrepresents a good forage
plant. A great many acres of velvet beans are made
into hay in Florida every year. Of course on rich
land the growth is often almost too heavy to handle
and it is slow cutting with a scythe.

I noticed in the Tribune Farmer a few weeks ago
that a mechanic had invented an improvement on
mowing machines, a device for cutting upright which
divides the swaths from the standing crop.

Cow peas have long been used for hay, but I have
seen such a growth of vines and crab grass mingled
and lodged that a man could only pick out a little at
a time with a scythe, yet the whole piece was made
into hay. W. C. Steele.

Florida.

Whilst it is doubtless true that velvet beans are
made into hay in Florida and perhaps elsewhere yet
we maintain that the reply we gave to the enquiry is
correct. We spoke from a personal knowledge of the
crop and also from reports received from several sub-
scribers who have grown them. The mass of tangled
vines is so great on good land that neither machine
nor man can cut or handle them. We have grown
the vines 25 feet long. — Ed.

out a market long before the crops mature — espe-
cially for all perishable products. Also the character
and business standing of the buyers should be looked
into. The transportation routes need looking after
beforehand. If several growers will join together
better rates will likely be granted and commission
men may be induced to come and buy on the ground.
Much will depend upon clean, nice, standard boxes or
crates. These should be well filled with fruit and
products of an even grade and standard. Everything
should be honestly packed and guaranteed to be as rep-
resented when sold in unbroken packages.

A grower recently told me he had always sold un-
der a guarantee in the Lynchburg market and his re-
turns ran five per cent, above the market quotations.
He had orders ahead for more products than he could
grow and ship. He sold berries, fruits and general
farm crops. R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Va.

We have for years urged the importance of the
points above raised by our correspondent, especially
those of combined shipments and honest packing in
clean new crates and packages. They are vital to
success. — Ed.

THE MARKET PROBLEM.

Editor Southern Planter:

The returns from the garden and truck farm will
begin to come in this month. How large they will be
will depend much upon how the crops are marketed.
When a crop is grown, it has been stated that only
half the important work has been done. The other
half is to market it to best advantage.

In the first place the grower should be looking

THE CALIFORNIA FRUIT CROP.

The California deciduous fruit season opened
April 30th with the shipment of a box of Sacramento
Valley cherries on that date. The first box, which
was grown near Vacaville, Solano county, was closely
followed by a box of cherries grown near Sacramento
and others grown in the Winters district in Yolo coun-
ty and in the Newcastle district of Placer county.
Following these, shipments were made from various
fruit districts of the Sacramento Valley.

Notwithstanding the fact that ripe California cher-
ries are usually shipped earlier in the season, some-
times as early as March, the initial shipments
brought very fancy prices. The first box was sold
in Chicago for $25, $3.12 a pound. The second sale
was made in New York and the figure was $21. The
third sale, made in the city of Philadelphia, at auc-
tion, was a record breaker, eight pounds of cherries
bringing the remarkable price of $70.

These shipments marked the beginning of Califor-
nia's fruit season. Carload shipments from Sacra
mento Valley districts began May 13tb, when a car-
load of cherries was shipped from Vacaville.

The fruit crop of California will probably be
slightly below average in quantity this year. The
Sacramento Valley fruit districts, which provide the
bulk of California's deciduous fruits, report heavy
crops of pears but slight shortage in most other fruits.
Apricots will begin ripening within a few days.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

471

Live Stock and Dairy.

DUAL PURPOSE SHORTHORNS.

We take the following from the Breeders Gazette.
It is in line with what we have long advocated, and
will, we trust, receive the attention of some of our
breeders. We need, and need badly, in this country
a revival in the breeding of the milking strain of
Shorthorns. The English farmer knows and appre-
ciates their value. Probably two-thirds of the cattle
of that country are of this type. They make milk
and butter with the best, and at the same time breed
calves which make steers of the best butcher type.
We hear that there are several herds of this type in the
Xew England States, but few elsewhere. One herd
in Massachusetts tracing to Arabella has had top
crosses of the Princess, the Duchess, the Constance
and the Waterloo families, and shows cows weighing
from 1,200 to 1,600 pounds, with milk records of 40
to 50 pounds per day, and very persistent milkers,
some making 11,000 pounds per year. These cattle
are smooth and well fleshed, the object of the breeder
being to combine beef and dairy qualities. The
Breeders Gazette says :

Pertinent to the present discussion of the old-fash-
ioned milking Shorthorns, and the accompanying
lament over the lack of effort to perpetuate and im-
prove that type, comes the report of a recent sale in
England of a herd of eighty pedigreed Shorthorns at
an average of nearly $215. Concerning the charac-
ter of these cattle the London "Live Stock Journal"
offers the following interesting testimony :

"The Cranford herd is one of the largest pure bred
ones in the South of England, and is well known for
its excellent milking qualities. The animals offered
were not made up for sale, but came straight from the
meadows, where they are kept both in summer and
winter. It wo\ild be difficult to find a herd, kept
under the same conditions by i tenant-farmer, dis-
playing such excellent quality and such a hardy and
yet serviceable character, and that these are appre-
ciated was proved by the number of buyers and their
spirited bidding."

The tenant-farmer who can drive eighty head of
cattle up from his pastures and sell them at an aver-
age of $215 is in pretty fair business. He knows s
thing or two. He knows the demand for Shorthorns
of this type, he knows the value of the dual-purpose
cow, he has proved it in his own herd, he understands
that a double profit may be reaped from the "double-
deckers." And many a farmer in this country is
looking for just such a farmer's cow. A few have
given persistent adherence to this valuable type, but
thoughtful men now understand that much has been

lost to the breed by a lack of more general interest in
the perpetuation of the milking Shorthorn in this
country. If there is any more inviting field of effort
at the present time than the founding of herds of
strictly high-class dual-purpose Shorthorns, we do
not know where it lies. Some material for this pur-
pose may be obtained in this country, an abundance
of it could be selected in Britain.

THE CATTLE TICK AND THE QUARANTINE LINE.

Editor Southern Planter:

So long as we entertain the cattle tick just that
long will the quarantine line cross the boundaries of
our State. It therefore behooves every farmer to
join hands with his neighbor in the extermination of
the pest and to rally beneath the standard which is
being advanced through the efforts of the Southern
Planter. There is no doubt but that in this disease
just as in a score of others the greater part of the
trouble comes through carelessness and absolute neg-
lect. It avails little if farmer A sits up nights try-
ing to get rid of the ticks on his animals while far-
mer B pays absolutely no attention to the tick ques-
tion and his animals are permitted to seed the high-
ways and by-ways with this vile insect. The remedy
is in co-operation. All Texas is joining hands in the
eradication of the dread boll weevil. Conventions
and institutes are being held, experts are called, farm-
ers are co-operating, and it begins to look as though
the weevil will be banished from Texas. A similar
move on the part of the farmers in Virginia will
make things uncomfortable for cattle ticks.

Louisiana has recently fattened a bunch of steers
that surprised the Chicago markets. They were of
high quality, perfectly finished and exhibited the
qualities of beef animals to a remarkable degree. The
fact that these steers were raised and finished in the
hot bed of the tick region indicates that it is possible
to overcome the ravages of the tick if care and at-
tention are given. These cattle were kept free from
ticks by a liberal use of Zenoleum. The preparations
mentioned in the Southern Planter may be effec-
tive but we are somewhat suspicious of them and so
long as we can get Zenoleum we think we will not risk
thorn. Dr. Nesom, Veterinarian to the South Caro-
lina Experiment Station, tells me that he uses Zeno-
leum for removing the tick and that he finds it en-
tirely satisfactory.

The feature of this Zenoleum that attracts me most

472

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

is that in addition to destroying the cattle tick it also
destroys any other parasite that may be present, cures
mange, ring worm and other skin diseases and at
the same time its effect upon the hide and hair is
nlflftUHing and beneficial. The question is not so much
what will destroy the cattle tick as is what will de-
stroy the tick and not destroy or injure the animal.
Sulphuric acid would no doubt end the career of
every tick upon an animal but the trouble is the ani-
mal's career would be ended at the same time. What
you want to do is to destroy the tick and other para-
sites, clean the animal's coat and skin and put him in
.1 position to thrive. We know of nothing that will
accomplish this so well and so satisfactorily as Zeno-
leum. A Reader.

THE HEREFORD AS A MILKER.

RELATIVE RICHNESS OF FIRST AND LAST MILK.

Editor Southern Planter:

Errors like weeds grow apace and are hard to
overcome. One often hears it said "the Hereford is
no milker," although it is admitted that the assertion
is founded entirely on hearsay, experience being nil.

On one occasion the writer was asked in earnest if
Hereford grade cows gave milk enough to raise then
own calves.

Disclaiming an Hereford axe to grind, the owner-
ship of a registered bull and cow is admitted, and for
the past five years I have been engaged in breeding
grade Hereford calves letting them run with the cows,
but a milking test is afforded, in that the cows require
milking until the calves are able to consume all the
flow. Observation shows that the grade calf makes
flesh with a less proportion of milk than common
stock and thai the milking qualities of the common
eow are fully reproduced in the grade one. It must
here be understood that I am writing of crossing on
common stock which have proved themselves good
milkers, and not on full blooded breeds, which
would be an interesting experiment but beyond my
opportunities. What I want to uproot is the prevail-
ing falsity that Eerefords are not good milkers, if
raised in a natural condition and not abnormally
stuffed to gain superlative Eal or show order.

That such falsity should be entertained is to keep
out of our herds the admixture from a tvpe of recog-
nized strong (if not strongest) constitution adapted
for milk or beef as the on-breeding leads up to. This
is a point which on the closer and closer domestica-
tion of cattle should be kept very fully in view, and
it omens well for the future plain dairy men that

their cows will principally be drawn from the range-
bred Hereford which has assumed the mastery of the
great West.

In the interest of the dairy I should be obliged by
an answer to the following question: Are the "drip-
pings" really richer than the rest of the milk or is it
merely "tradition" ? Should they be so, then logi-
cally frequent makings would give more cream?
Why "drip" a cow ? W. M.

Albemarle Co., Va.

Experiments have clearly demonstrated that the
last milk drawn is the richest. At the New York Ex-
periment Station a test with five cows showed that
the first pint of milk contained only .3 per cent of
fat while the last pint contained 6.85 per cent, and
the mixed milk from the whole milking averaged 2.55
per cent. In every instance the first half contained
only from one-third to one-half as much fat as the
last half. Similar results are reported from Connec-
ticut and also in Indiana and New Hampshire. — Ed.

MORE FINE JERSEYS FOR VIRGINIA.

We note that at Mr. T. S. Cooper's recent sale of
imported Jerseys, Col. A. M. Bowman, of Bowmont
Farms, Salem, Va., was again a buyer of some of the
best of the stock. Amongst the animals bought by
him was Mabel's Blue Belle, three years, $1,000 ;
Brown Fontaine's Princess, three years, $675 ; Emi-
nent's Golden Liberty, five year.?, $560 ; Golden Di-
plomas Sweet Rose, four years, $475, and Fontaine's
Oxford Belle, five years, $435. The sale was a great
success. Ninety-one head sold for $44,460, an aver-
age of $4S8 each. The success of the sale was due
largely to the fact that nearly all the females were
bred to Golden Fern's Lad, and those not not in calf
bad the privilege (which none refused) of having
them bred before shipment. It will be remembered
that Col. Bowman was a large buyer at Mr. Cooper's
sale last year. The additions made last year and this
make the Bowman herd now one of the finest in the
country. Col. Bowman is a constant advertiser in
our columns, and those desiring Jersey stock of the
best breeding can always depend upon meeting with
it at Bowmont Farms.

THE FARM HORSE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am a reader of and subscriber to the Southern
Planter, and think it the best paper of its kind for
the Virginia farmer. I think, as W. R. C. said in

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

473

the March issue : "It should he a weekly paper, and
not a monthly, and charge accordingly." I enjoy
especially the part headed "The Horse," edited by
Broad Rock. But he gives us very little information
about the horse suited to the farmer. The farm
horse of this section is at its lowest ebb, the average
weight being about 850 pounds, possibly less, mak-
ing them entirely unfit for the work of the farm.
They are too light for the work required and too
small to raise good colts from. There is a vast dif-
ference in Virginia in the horse of to-day and the
horse of fifteen or twenty years ago. They are now
much lighter and not nearly so well proportioned.
What is the trouble ? One of our horsemen in Louisa
remarked: "Our horses are getting too near akin."
I think myself that is one cause of deterioration, but
not the greatest trouble. If we had been raising
sires of the proper size instead of the little narrow
hipped, thin necked horses, whose fee is from $4 to
$8 dollars, we would still have good horses. How
would some of the heavy draught breeds do here.
Percherons or Shires? Some one has suggested the
Clydesdale. I have very little personal knowledge
of the heavy draught animals named as farm horses.
One of our farmers says: "They don't suit the
climate." I would like to have some information
along this line by some one who knows. I don't like
the color of the Percheron, it being mostly grey, but
that is immaterial if qualities are all right. Can
any one inform me, through the columns of The
Planter, as to which of the above horses is best
suited to the farm ? Also who raises them for sale,
and what will a pair of mare colts cost at weaning
time ? Would be glad to correspond with any one
having them for sale. I am partial to the Shires.
Who has them ? David Swift.

Louisa Co., Va.

Will some of our horse breeders please favor us
with their views on this important subject. It is hia;h
time for us to have better bred and more suitable
horses for farm work, and thus become less depen-
dent on Western bred horses for our farm teams. —
Ed.

hog that can the quickest convert his corn into
marketable pork.

The Duroc is cherry red in color and in conforma-
tion is similar to the Poland China, being built low
to the ground, long, round, firm body, tippy ears and
short face and head. He is just as industrious as the
Berkshire, and grows faster and larger than his
black brothers. The sows are better mothers, being
very kind and gentle and fine milkers, have the best
of dispositions, and are the most prolific of any
breed. They breed perfectly true to color, and have
fine, straight hair. It is generally the case once
bred always bred, and there is no better testimonial
than this.

There is no doubt that the Duroc is one of the
best all purpose hogs being bred to-day, and a trial
with them will convince you of the absolute truth of
this assertion. My herd is the finest ever owned
east of the Ohio river. Wm. G. Owens.

Chesterfield Co., Va.

DUROC JERSEY HOGS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have often been asked to describe the Duroc
Jersey, and beg to say a word about this new breed
of swine that is forging its way to the top of the hog
ladder of fame, and is the leading breed in the great
grain growing West, where the stockman wants the

JUDGING AGES OF ANIMALS.

At the Smithfield and Birmingham shows the fol-
lowing rules govern the judgment of the age of ani-
mals:

Cattle having their central permanent incisors cut
will be considered as exceeding one year and six
months.

Cattle having their central permanent incisors fully
up will be considered as exceeding one year and nine
months.

Cattle having their second pair of permanent in-
cisors fully up will be considered as exceeding two
years and three months.

Cattle having their third pair of permanent in-
cisors cut will be considered as exceeding two years
and eight months.

Cattle having their fourth pair (corner) perma-
nent incisors fully up and their anterior molars show-
ing signs of wear will be considered as exceeding three
years.

Sheep having their central permanent incisors cut
will be considered as exceeding 10 months.

Sheep having their central permanent incisors fully
up will be considered as exceeding 12 months.

Sheep having their third pair of permanent in-
cisors cut will be considered as exceeding 18 months.

Sheep having their third pair of permanent in-
cisors fully up and the temporary molars shed will
be considered as exceeding 24 months.

Sheep having their corner permanent incisors well
up, and showing marks of wear, will be considered
as exceeding three years.

474

THE SOUTHEBX PLAXTEE.

July,

The Poultry Yard.

FEEDING HENS.

Experiments conducted on the Stockman Poultry
Farm demonstrate that it is not fair to charge the
f keeping a hen at $1.25 per year as is fre-
quently <1< 'tu-. Last year the average cost was 77
cents. Excluding all on op« n range and taking only
yarded pens on the regular ration, the cost was 84
cents. Tht' average weight of these hens is from
five to six pounds. I believe Mr. Boyer's hens are
Light Brahmas. which require Fomewhat more feed.
It is hardly fair, however, to. take tha.t breed for a
standard of comparison in feeding, for there are few
who are foolish enough r" attempt to produce large
numbers of market eggs with Light Brahmas — ex-
cept in the East, where high prices offset many dis-
advantages. The average price of feed was 1 1-7
cent-, corn being 1 1-7, run-of-mill 1 1-4, oats 1 1-2,
animal meal - L-2, and meat scrap 3, beef heads 5
cents each. The regular ration here is corn, run-of-
mill and cooked meat.

While trying to "prove all things" I hold fast to
that which I have found good, and am more and more
convinced after each experience with special feeds
that there is no more economical or efficient egg
ration than corn and run-of-mill. with meat and
gncn feed, of course. And this is true in spite of
tin danger of feeding an excess of crude fiber. This
danger may lie greatly lessened by adding a small
amount of oil meal to the mash, the cooling and
soothing effect of which helps to modify the effect of
the bran. And it is worth while to note here that
some of these proprietary feeds seem to carry nearly
as much crude fiber as run-of-mill.

As Mr. Patton observed in a recent article, oil
meal is a cheaper source of protein than bran, though
ii should not exceed 20 per cent, of the weight of the
mash; $1.25 will buy twelve pounds of protein in
bran and twenty-four pounds in oil meal.

On this ration the feed consumed by each hen has
averaged over three ounces a day or from seventy to
eighty pounds a year. The heaviest laying pen, No.
:; required eighty pounds. — National Stockman.

BOWEL TROUBLE.
Bowed trouble is one of the most prevalent causes
of destruction to the young chicks. This may come
from many causes, among which is continued damp-
ness, wet and cold. Much of this may be avoided by
having a dry, comfortable coop for the young chicks
where they can be in with the hen and away from
the influence of the damp, injurious surroundings.

Another cause is insect vermin. Where the young
chicks and the mother hen become infested with the
insect vermin or lice which reduces vitality, if the
weather is warm, sultry and rainy, the combined in-
fluence so reduces the system as to create bowel
trouble, which is very hard to overcome. The best
way out of this is to obliterate the presence of the
insect trouble on the mother hen, the chicks and in
and about the coop, and to feed good, warm, stimu-
lating foods to build up the constitution.

There is nothing better for building up a weakened
constitution from any of the bowel troubles than a
mixture of very finelv ground oats, equal amount of
corn meal, some wheat middlings mixed with milk,
boiled until thoroughly dry. Into this put one level
tnblespoonful of the following powder for each twen-
ty-four chicks. This powder is made of equal parts
of very finelv ground ginger, cinnamon, cloves, all-
spice and cayenne pepper. Do not give this oftener
than once a day, and the other foods should be made
up of either whole or broken wheat, hulled oats or
oatmeal and a little cracked corn.

Another most beneficial food is the Johnny cake
that can be like a true corn bread made entirely of
ground meal mixed with milk, either sweet or sour,
with a little bit of baking powder put into this, and
an egg or two, using the clear egtrs that do not hatch.
Mix this thoroughly as you would corn bread and
bake in the oven. When cool crtimble and feed to
the young chicks. Cooked foods of all kinds are
very beneficial to the depleted lot of chicks, because
it is much more easily handled through the crop and
gizzard and assimilated through the system, and all
possible injury that may come from eating raw meals
is removed through its use.

GAPES IN CHICKENS.

To the Gazette. — In your May 18th issue I note a
communication from an Indiana reader concerning
gapes among his chicks and his experience with them.
The many remedies he suggests are all right, but they
are too tedious to apply. Clean yards and runs may
itial — in fact, they are — but after the gapes
are among the chicks they do no good. Lime is a
good cleanser of the yards if plowed under or spaded
in. We keep our yards in green feed and if any
gapes are noted among the chicks we put three to ten
'hop- of carbolic acid in a gallon of water in foun-
tain, stirring thoroughly into the water. Put other
water out of reach and the chicks will kill their own
cap.-. We know this to be an unfailing remedy.

Lancaster Co., Neb. A. D. Buehaxs.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

475

The Horse.

NOTES.

Seemingly greater interest was never manifested
in breeding horses than at the present time, as indi-
cated by reports from many different sections. This
applies particularly to our own State and where leth-
argy prevailed for a number of years the scene has
shifted to one of activity. Harness stallions in the
vicinity of Richmond have all been quite liberally
patronized; Robert Ransom. 2 :29f, who died in
May, served some good ones, as have Great Stakes,
2:20; Alfred Nelson; Lord Chancellor; Kelly, 2:29,
and others. Speaking for Kelly I am pleased to state
that no horse ever offered for service in this section
has seemingly found greater favor in the eyes of
breeders as may be shown by the way in which high-
class matrons have been sent to the court of the son of
Electioneer and famous thoroughbred Esther. Of
course, his near relationship to Expressive, 3, 2 :12|-,
being a full brother to that noted mare makes his ped-
igree wonderfully attractive, but in addition the bay
stallion has speed, good looks and potency himself.
Expressive is 16:2 hands and last fall at public auc-
tion in New York the great daughter of Electioneer
brought $1,700 as a brood mare. Esther, the dam.
was 16 hands, while Kelly is full 15:3, which shows
that the family breeds size, ever an important con-
sideration with breeders.

jt j* j*

D. L. Elory, of the Warwick Stock Farm, which
is near Denbigh in Warwick county, Va., owns a well
bred young stallion in Lord Warwick, 35971, former-
ly Duke of Arundel. He is a bay horse, four years
old,' by the famous Onward, dam Cora Ettie, dam of
Axle, 2:15§, and Annie Ripley, 2 :18£, by Adrian
Wilkes. Over fifty mares, many of them the best in
that section, have been mated with the son of On-
ward this season, among them being such good ones
as Etta Moore, 2:19}; Santa Annita Maid, 2:20, and

others with records.

„«* j* ji

Tn the bay mare Virginia, 6, by Greatstakes, dam
Tredelma, by Trevilian, Richard Hentechel, of Bal-
timore, has a good prospect for a 2:15 performer.
She is one of the first performers of the season to
enter the list of standard speed and trotted to a rec-
ord of 2 :21} at Baltimore recently. Virginia was
bred at Foxhall Farm, Norfolk, Va., by Capt. John
L. Roper. Her sire, Greatstakes, is owned bv W. H.
Nelson, of this city, and is credited with Foxhall,
2 :19§, and other speedv trotters.

JC v« .4

The bay pacing gelding Hutchcroft, formerly
owned by S. P. Clay, of this city, but now the prop-
erty of H. C. Slagle, Emporia, Va., created some-

what of a sensation by winning a couple of races and
being placed in others at the recent Baltimore meet-
ings. He first started in the 2 :28 class, pacing, land-
ing the event with ease, after which S. Bosworth, of
Newport News, Va., who entered the big gelding, was
asked to identify him. Hutchcroft is eight years old
and was bred by M. S. Baughman, Sanford, Ky. He
was sired by Naboth, 2 :19}, dam by Harkaway, 2875.
The gelding was brought here from Lexington, Ky.,
in November, 1902, by Shelby T. Harbison, who sold
him at Joseph Lasetter's sale. Mr. Harbison stated
that the horse had no record.

j* £ .*

Etta Moore, the bay mare by Albert H., dam Me-
dietta, by Happy Medium, owned by P. H. Wright
at Island Home Stock Farm, Mulberry Island, War-
wick county, Va., is now in the stud, and she is pro-
ducing foals that promise to develop speed and race
horse quality. This mare was purchased as a yearling
by Mr. Wright and at four years she trotted to a rec-
ord of 2 :28}, while later she made 2 :19} pacing,
but could do much faster at either gait. Among the
produce of Etta Moore, owned at Island Home, are
the roan stallion Ebliss, Jr., 5, by Eblis, son of Ad-
vertiser, 2:15}; a yearling filly by Russell Rex; a-
suckling filly by Lord Warwick, and this season she
was bred back to the latter horse. Eblis, the sire of
Etta Moore's oldest foal Eblis, Jr., was formerly
owned by Mr. Wright and gave promise of making
a trotter and successful stock horse, but died before
his speed was developed to anv extent. Eblis was
bred at Palo Alto Farm, California, and sired by
Advertiser, dam the great brood mare Sprite, second
dam far famed Waterwitch.

Robert Bradley's home bred race horse Boney Boy,
the perennial performer and successful both on the
fiat and over the jumps, broke down recently in a
steeplechase event at Chicago. Sired by Blitzen, The
Iron Horse, dam Sue B., by Prosper, his pedigree
does not extend far back on the maternal side, but at
that he was a good racer and won money season after
season, defeating during his career some of the best
horses out on the flat, after which he was relegated
to the cross country brigade and even there was able
to earn Iris oats. The son of Blitzen is a chestnut
gelding eight years old, and even now may round to
and be patched up for a few more races.

One of the good steeplechase horses of the season
is Grandpa, 5, by imp. Grandmaster, dam Phillipa,
by imp. Darebin, who won recently at two miles at
Gavesend. Grandpa was bred by A. S. Craven,
Greenwood, Va. Broad Rock.

476

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

Miscellaneous.

THE LABOR DIFFICULTY IN THE SOUTH— AN
OPEN LETTER TO THE SECRETARY OF AGRI-
CULTURE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I enclose you herewith for publication an open let-
ter to the Secretary of Agriculture.

I am one of the correspondents of that department
and it has occurred to me that perhaps the letter will
be of interest to your readers. The idea that per-
haps it would be wise on the part of the white people
of Virginia to offer to the heads of negro families a
considerable bonus to induce them to emigrate to the.
North was first suggested to me by Mr. Morelle
Bruce, of the county of Charlotte, and the more I
have thought of it the better I have liked it. Neither
Mr. Bruce nor myself are animated by any feeling of
hostility to the negro; on the contrary both of us en-
tertain toward the race a kind feeling and we are de-
sirous to promote their prosperity. At the same time
time we recognize the fact that our first duty is to our
own race and the recent example of the change of
labor made by Mr. Bruce on his Charlotte farm is
of extraordinary significance and importance. I
violate no personal confidence by making it public.
It will be noted that I have alluded to it in my letter
to the Secretary of Agriculture. When I wrote this
letter I had no idea of having it published but it
seems to me after reading it over that some of its sug-
gestions are worthy of publication. My own experi-
ence of negro labor coincides with that of Mr. Bruce
though I still have left a good old headman who keeps
the keys of my corn house and indeed of all of mv
outhouses, and I would not change him for any man
on earth. 1 mention this to show the sincere feeling
of kindness which animates my bosom towards the
negro race. At the same time I recognize the fact
thai for ten years and more negro labor on the farms
in Virginia has retrograded to an extent which makes
it almost practically useless. A change is needed and
is inevitable. The suggestion of Mr. Lafferty about
the introduction of Chinese coolie labor is worthy of
thoughtful consideration. If not why not? We are
confronted "not with a theory but a condition." It
has become practically impossible to get domestic
labor, such as cooks, nurses, washerwomen, chamber
maids and house servants generally in the country,
and it is almost as difficult to get efficient field labor.
This state of things cannot last. Efficient labor is a
factor essential to the successful pursuit of agricul-

ture ; without it we are sure to lag behind in our pro-
gress as a State. Few States offer greater induce-
ments than Virginia to the farmer ; and in this con-
nection I beg to congratulate you upon the valuable
aid which your periodical has given to the successful
prosecution of agriculture. Indeed I consider it
second to no agricultural paper, anywhere in our
hroad land, and it seems to improve with age.

Albemarle Co., Va. Camm Patteson.

Howardsville P. O., Albemarle Co., Va.,

June 23, 1904.
To the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

Dear Sir, — I enclose herewith my monthly report
and I invite attention to that part of it which notes
the large decrease this year in the cultivation of
Regie tobacco. Our lands are mainly adapted to the
cultivation of rich dark heavy shipping tobacco and
the price the last season, owing to the drastic monop-
oly of the American and Imperial Tobacco Companies
was so low that its cultivation is likely to be aban-
doned, as it does not pay the actual cost of cultiva-
tion. The cultivation of the Oronoco tobacco on our
high lands is likely to, be continued, but in a much
smaller way ; this Oronoco tobacco is much lighter
than the Regie shipping leaf, and is used by some
manufacturers for both chewing and smoking pro-
ducts, but the price of that also is so materially re-
duced that in future the cultivation is likely to be
confined to a very limited area. This is not alto-
gether as bad as might upon first inspection be
thought as hay and corn are being substituted in its
place, together with the raising of cattle and other
industries hereafter mentioned. And in this connec-
tion I beg that you will mail me any convenient liter-
ature you have relating to the proper fertilizers for
corn (iiid hint and the preparation and cultivation of
flie land for both, crops. Our James river low grounds
between Clifton Forge and Norfolk will produce on
the best of it without any fertilizer fifty bushels of
corn to the acre and in the fall we can make a small
hut fair profit by selling corn at the stack, shucked but
not shelled at thirty-five (35) cents a bushel and,
shelled corn in the spring at forty (40) cents a bushel.
Our best James river low ground land with superior
cultivation, that is proper seed and planting and con-
tinual stirring by cultivators, harrows and disc plows,
without any fertilizer, can be made to produce four-
teen barrels, that is seventy bushels to the acre and
the crop with judicious cultivation, both high land and

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

477

low grounds, can be largely increased and made more
profitable, and it is for that reason I wish you to mail
me any convenient literature you have upon the sub-
ject for the use alike of myself and my neighbors,
and I wish the literature relative also to hay, as it is
(especially Timothy hay) more profitable than corn.
We can, I think, make our meadow land produce
two and one-half tons of Timothy hay to the acre
with a very small application of nitrate of soda
and bone meal, that is 5,000 pounds to the acre and it
readily sells at an average of about $14.00 per ton
which owing to the small amount of labor it requires,
gives us a very handsome profit. Our condition is
being considerably improved by the voluntary emigra-
tion of the negro, who for ten years and more, has
been a very unsatisfactory workman, in fact he has
come to be a consumer without being, except to a
small extent, a producer. Fortunately for the farm-
ers and planters he is slowly but surely emigrating
to the North where I suppose superior inducements
are offered him. It has astounded me to find the im-
mense superiority of white labor over negro labor.
We thought at one time that we would be ruined by
the emigration of the negro, but it turned out to be a
blessing in disguse. His emigration was not caused
by any bad feeling on the part of either race, on the
contrary for more than ten years the feeling in this
section between the two races has been very friendly ;
it seems to have been caused by the higher price of-
fered by the public works and times for labor, and
this was aided by a natural feeling of restlessness and
a desire to travel. Wherever a white man of indus-
trious habits has taken his place the result has, in
many instances, been a doubling of the crops, and the
proportion, singular as it may seem, has been some-
times greater. Some of us actuated by a sincere
desire to promote the prosperity of our State and
without any feeling whatever of hostility to the negro
race, are seriously contemplating the idea of offering
negro families a considerable bonus in cash to induce
them to emigrate either to the North or to the cotton
fields of the South. To give you a practical example
of the benefit to be derived from the substitution of
white labor I am credibly informed by Mr. Morelle
Bruce, of Charlotte county, Virginia, that some four
years since he substituted about 150 white men in the
place of 300 negroes as laborers on his large farm of
some 5,000 acres with the result that the first year
the crop of corn was increased by white labor from
20,000 bushels to 35,000 bushels, and other crops in
the same proportion. Mr. Bruce had lived some years
west of the Mississippi river and upon his return to

Virginia, made the change. His father had been a
large slaveholder, owning about 1,000 slaves or more,
and 5,000 acres of excellent land in Charlotte county,
Virginia. Mr. Bruce, after an experience of both sys-
tems of labor, white and colored, came to the con-
clusion that white labor was almost 100 per cent,
more productive, and practice has proved the correct-
ness of his theory which coincides with my own ob-
servation and experience. I mention it in this cor-
respondence because efficient labor is a factor in the
cultivation of crops, which is essential to success. The
change in Virginia, from the old fashioned cultiva-
tion of tobacco and wheat (both of which in great part
will soon be abandoned) formerly the two chief crops
to corn, hay, cattle and the raising of mules and
horses, together with fruit raising in many localities,
lias been very slow, but in the past three years it seems
to have received an accelerated impulse of which I
think it is proper that your Department should be in-
formed, as it bids fair to increase our prosperity as
a State, and in this connection it will be a favor if
you will mail me any convenient literature you have
relating to nitrate of soda, potash and phosphoric acid
as it is the wish of the most intelligent class of our
farmers to buy these ingredients and mix them them-
selves at home, as our experiments have uniformly
proved that where we buy the ingredients and do our
own mixing the result is in every instance within my
observation a value of full twenty-five per cent, and
more, over the highest class complete manufactured
fertilizer. We wish to know where we can buy cheap-
est, nitrate of soda, (which contains the ammonia we
need) and bone meal which contains the phosphoric
acid and especially potash. These articles are not
sold in Virginia at wholesale or retail except in Nor-
folk and Richmond, and at only one place in Rich-
mond and on a very small scale and high prices in
both places. The manufacturers of prepared fertil-
izers for obvious reasons do not desire the farmers to
buy those articles and mix them themselves, as it mil-
itates against their profits. Any information you can
give me on the subject will be of great practical value,
and it will be thankfully received. Since we have
discovered the significant and important fact that all
land hoth rich and poor contains exactly the same
qualities with the exception of only three things,
namely: (1) ammonia, (2) potash, (3) superphos-
phate of lime or phosphoric acid, it has been of com-
manding importance, for it gives us the key to the sit-
uation and all that the farmer wishes to know is to
find out by a chemical analysis which of these ingre-
dients his land needs. It is hardly possible to over-

478

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

estimate the great value of this information. It has
become as necessary for a farmer to be educated as
a lawyer or physician and the study of agricultural
chemistry is of great importance. I have no hesita-
tion in stating that agriculture will eventually become
one of the learned professions, and the success of the
farmer will depend greatly upon his knowledge of the
qualities of the soil that he cultivates. I beg that you
will pardon me for the length of this letter ; my apol-
ogy for it is the importance of the subject.

Most respectfully and truly yours,

Camm Patteson,
Senator representing the 18th Senatorial District of
Virginia, composed of the Counties of Bucking-
ham, Appomattox, Charlotte and Fluvanna in the
Virginia Senate.

P. S. — I read over this letter to an intelligent
neighbor, who is a successful farmer, and he called
by attention to the fact that I had neglected to men-
tion the raising of sheep, (sheep husbandry) which
has begun to increase in Virginia since the passage
in 1903 of a "dog law" for the protection of sheep, by
our Legislature. That law has been earnestly advo-
cated by sheep raisers for many years and seems to
work well. Experience in sheep raising seems to
prove the fact that it is uniformily profitable where
the flocks are small and uniformly unprofitable
where the flocks are large. In England flockrof a
thousand or more, I am informed, can be profitably
raised ; here from fifty to seventy-five seems to be the
limit. I would be interesting to know the cause of
the difference in the two countries. I cannot close
this letter without complimenting your Department
upon the signal advance it has made in the past five
years. The improvement has been very great and it
is second in importance to no department of our gov-
ernment and with every year it appears to broaden
and become more and more valuable. The State of
Virginia for the past quarter of a century and more
has moved slowly in the direction of intelligent agri-
culture, which I am satisfied arose in great part from
its system of labor, to which I have alluded. Since
the commencement of the gradual abolition of that
system and the introduction of a new regime it has
made a new departure and soon will grow with leaps
and bounds, for kind nature has blessed it with a good
climate and a fertile soil, and above all an homogen
eous Anglo-Saxon population.

Camm Patteson.

Buckingham Co., Va., June 23, 1904.

FARMERS' CO-OPERATION.
Editor Southern Planter:

Dear Sir, — Believing that your paper is probably
read by more practical farmers than any other with
a circulation in Virginia, T am emboldened to call
your attention to an editorial in a recent issue of the
"Fruitman's Guide," the official organ of the "Na-
tional League of Commission Merchants," in which
the "Southern Produce Company" is attacked in the
following uncomplimentary terms:

"What was more regretahle in the history of last
year's business, than the way in which the merchants
of the various cities fell victims before the bulldozing
and buncoing tactics * * * of that association
of Norfolk shippers known as the "Southern Produce
Co.," who forced down the rate of commission on
Norfolk stuff from 7 per cent to 6 per cent, with a
rebate of 1 per cent, to go back to the Association for
its own purposes, the receivers thereby paying for a
grindstone on which a knife might be sharpened to
be used to cut their own throats."

The "Guide" then goes on to show that the whole
movement is a wrong one for the shippers. Refers to
the shipper as a "rate cutting devil" and finally urges
the commission merchants to "stand together, shoul-
der to shoulder, and insist on the restoration of the
old 7 per cent. rate. To adopt the motto of Dumas'
Three Guardsmen, "All for one and one for all," and
so to bring the shipper to his marrow bones.

Now, Mr. Editor, was there ever put in print a
greater piece of rot ? Here is a man who sets himself
up to give advice to a body of men doing business
amounting to the hundreds of millions, and he ad-
vises them absolutely to quarrel with their bread. Ad
vises the agents to combine against their principals
and bring them to their marrow bones. But, sir, the
fight is not against the cut in commission rates,
brought about directly by the Southern Prodxice Co.
near so much as it is against any organization of
farmers for their mutual protection and advantage.

Every branch of business with which the farmer
has to deal is strictly organized. Why not the farm-
ers. Why is it that as soon as the Norfolk shippers
seek to form an organization — on strictly business
principles — for their advantage, and the better hand-
ling of their business, that forthwith a howl goes tip
and they are "bulldozers" and "buncoers." No such
terms were used against organizations in other lines
of business. The grocerymnn, harware man, build-
ers, plumbers all have their organizations, why
then this outcry against the truck farmers of the Nor-

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

479

folk section ? There is but one answer. The farmers
of Eastern Virginia and North Carolina have been
absolutely unorganized and have been, and are now
regarded — by certain people — as the legitimate prey
of every "beast of the field."

The formation of the Southern Produce Co. is a
starting point. If other sections should "take the
hint" and "fall in line" those people, who have been
able, heretofore, to fatten on the farmers, because
they were unorganized, see the end of their "picnic"
hence these tears. Everybody realizes the wonderful
things that might be accomplished by a combination
of the farming interests of this country, except (oh
the»pity of it) the farmers themselves. While feed-
ing the world they, as a class, are poorly fed. While
drawing for others they know what it is to thirst.
Numerically the strongest, they suffer to be ruled.

Why is it ? Because they never have known their
strength ; they are not organized.

The one word in the English language more potent
than any other for the emancipation of the farmers is
organization!

Preach it, Mr. Editor, call attention to the cases
(few and far between) where the farmers have put it
into practice, ding it into their ears till they must put
it into practice, and future generations of farmers,
enjoying the benefits of organization, shall rise up
and call you "blessed."

Nansemond Co., Va. Fbank Weight.

THE ENGLISH SPARROW.

Editor Southern Planter:

There is so much prejudice against the English
sparrow that it seems almost hopeless to combat it.
I have written much in defence of the sparrow and I
do not intend to repeat it. Nevertheless, I desire to
state one fact.

About fifteen years ago I took possession of a small
farm in Northampton county, Va. There was a small
flock of sparrows there at the time which has not per-
ceptibly increased. There were but few of our na'-
tive birds there at the time, but now the air is reso-
nant with their songs. I cannot begin to enumerate
them, but the principal recruits have been robins, cat-
birds, mocking birds and wrens.

I attribute the increase of the native birds mainly
to increase of trees which I planted, to cultivation of
the soil before uncultivated, and to continual occu-
pancy of premises, assuring birds protection against
their natural enemies.

So much for the statement that English sparrows

drive other birds away. One ounce of fact is worth
a pound of fiction.

To change the subject: In December before last I
planted round (Irish) potatoes and they matured
about the same time as those planted in March subse-
quently, though they only received one-half the quan-
lity of fertilizer used on the last planted. I would re-
commend one-half the usual quantity applied when
planting and the other half in the spring when they
are barred or shucked off, just as is usual with cab-
bage.

Washington, D. C. Geo. C. Henning.

MR. CLARK'S GRASS EXPERIMENTS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am now experimenting to learn just what time is
best to use commercial fertilizers for hay production.
I have been using a grass fertilizer at the time of
seeding which is, so far as I know, all right, but I am
trying to learn whether there is any better time when,
or quantity to use for what I call my spring dressing,
than I have been using for years. Last year I made
a special effort to make three crops upon a quarter
acre section of my grass field, a section that has been
intensely cultivated for years before seeding. Eor
the first crop I put on at the rate of 650 pounds per
acre of the spring dressing made from one-third bone,
one-third muriate of potash and one-third nitrate of
soda; for the second crop, 250 pounds; third crop,
250 pounds of the same spring dressing, making in all
at the rate of 1,150 pounds of the above compound
to the acre. My last year's report from this quar-
ter acre section said: "The most remarkable result
will be showu this year, 1903. Erom a quarter acre
section where the first crop cut was over four feet in
height and weighed 2,471 pounds; second crop cut
this year from the same field was over three feet high
and weighed 2,240 pounds, making seven and one-
half feet in height. Each crop was full headed and
blossomed. The third crop did not blossom, but
weighed 1,750 pounds, or at the rate of three and one-
half tons to the acre. The total weight of the three
crops from this quarter acre section this year was
6,401 pounds, or at the rate of 25,644 pounds per
acre, and a total growth of over nine feet. This quar-
ter acre section at $16 per ton produced hay at the
rate of $136 net profit per acre. The general aver-
age of my field for eighteen years has given a net
profit of over $50 per year per acre, hence I say we
can, if we will, make money in grass culture.

The cost of the fertilizer applied on this quarter

480

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

July,

acre section was less than $2 per ton, as you will
notice, the rate obtained was 25,644 pounds per acre,
which would be quite a little less than one dollar per
thousand pounds of dry hay. The first of May this
spring, 1904, I found double the growth that there
was on the general field where 1 had put on the fer-
tilizer in my usual way, for that reason thus far I
have put on no fertilizer upon that quarter acre sec-
tion this year. June first I find the following re
suits : On the quarter acre section the average height
of grass is two feet, a thick stand, extreme height
when drawn up 33 inches. A section of it cut and
wound in a roll lengthwise, the balance in the weight
is 12 inches from the butt of the roll. Applying the
same test on the general field, which has had 650
pounds of fertilizer per acre this year. I find on
June first the general height 22 inches, extreme
height 31 inches, balance of weight 11 inches from
butt, so that at this writing there appears to be an
advantage in using what I call the spring dressing in
the fall, perhaps we may find that it would be as well
to use a part in fall and a part in spring. Of course,
one trial determines nothing. I am going to keep on
if my life is spared, and report my findings. The
grass the writer refers to is Timothy and Red Top.
Orchard grass and clover will be ripe in a week, dead
and unfit for hay long before the Timothy and Red
Top is in blossom.

To all who will send me a 2-cent stamp I will send
a circular that will tell them what I have found in
the last eighteen years in grass culture, and later I
will tell them what other facts I find. My experi-
ments are free to all except the cost of postage.

Higganum, Conn. George M. Clark.

THE NEEDS OF THE SOIL

Editor Southern Planter:

It is distressing to travel over our county (Hen-
rico) and see how steadily it is going back in fer-
tility for the want of humus and lime. Some say
they can't afford to buy and haul manure from the
city. They are not compelled to do that. It is much
cheaper to sow rye, buckwheat, peas or other fallow
crops, and plow them in than to haul manure if you
had it. Rye sown in the fall and plowed down in
May will help greatly, then sow peas on that fallow
and it will help still more. The peas should be plow-
ed down in the fall and a few bushels of lime be put
on and dragged in. Some say they cannot buy peas
at $2 per bushel, then these men should raise them.
Plant a few acres in drills three feet apart in the

spring or early summer. Work them a few times
with a cultivator and pick the peas when ripe, they
will then have seed and to spare. It won't pay to
plow and cultivate land without humus in it. There
is no use in sowing grass seed on a poor, unlimed
soil ; it is throwing money and labor away. Try to
improve a few acres at a time with peas, crimson
clover, rye and Vetches, and see if you connot do bet-
ter. You cannot work your horse without feeding
him, neither can you profitably keep working your
land and not feeding it. Work less land and feed it
better. F. Gut.

Henrico Co., Va.

SIMPLE CURE FOR MILK FEVER.

Mr. D. C. Dilworth, Spokane, Washington Terri-
tory, writes : "Dr. James Bullivant, of this city, cured
a very bad case of milk fever a few days ago by pump-
ing the cow's udder full of air with a common bicy-
cle pump. The cow was given no medicine of any
kind; was lying flat on her back unconscious, and
after being inflated was on her feet eating in four
hours, and is now giving a good flow of milk. It is
an easy remedy to try if the oxygen treatment is not
within reach."

Mr. W. H. Ladner, Delta, British Columbia,
writes the "Parmer's Advocate" that his farm fore-
man has cured several very serious cases of milk
fever by inflating the udder with air, by means of a
bicycle pump^the cow in one case perfectly uncon-
scious and badly swollen. The oxygen treatment is
certainly the safest, as udder infection should by its
use be guarded against, but where the equipment for
administering it is not available the bicycle pump is
all right if the apparatus used is first dipped in boil-
ing water, or some disinfectant. — Farmer's Advocate.

ROTATION AS A FACTOR IN GROWING IRISH
POTATOES.

Editor Southern Planter:

Here is something against the "rotater" and in
•favor of the "tater" theory.

Mrs. Bettie Sutherland, of this neighborhood, has
the largest, healthiest and most vigorous potatoe vines
I have seen this season, on a piece of ground that has
grown potatoes every year for the last forty years and
growing the same variety of potatoes every year, the
old White Mercer, and has never failed, nor has ever
been troubled with blight or bugs. This fact seems
to be up against the theory of changing seed and
ground every year. J. N. Faris.

Albemarle Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

481

ANGORA GOATS.

Having had a good many enquiries recently as to
Angora goats and especially as to their adaptability
to our climate and conditions we take the following
from the National Stockman, being the views of a
Virginia goat keeper on the subject :

A subscriber of Ashland, O., wants to know "How
to raise and care for Angora goats, and what profit
there is in them." I have been breeding Angoras for
ten years with fair success and think from experience
that I know at least something about them. In the
first place any one who is a successful sheep raiser
will have no trouble in raising Angora goats, as their
habits are much alike. The Angora must have a good
shed or shelter during cold fall or spring rains. Un-
like a sheep he does not have to be driven to a shelter
out of a storm, but will immediately seek shelter
when the storm approaches. A rain will drench the
Angora to the hide, its fleece does not shed water like
a sheep's fleece, therefore the importance of having
shelter for them, at any rate in the latitude of North-
ern Virginia.

I have my does to kid in April if possible. Have
never had any trouble to have does own their kids.
They usually kid during the day. We immediately
put doe and kid in shed or yards, and keep kids there
and turn does out during the day for two or three days
before letting the kids follow. A kid will endure
more hardship than a lamb.

The Angora's natural food is browse (brush, weeds,
etc.). I find they will thrive much better where they
can get plenty of brush than on grass alone, and they
must be out where they can have plenty of exercise,
as they will not do any good in close confinement.

As to fences, as a rule Angoras are not jumpers,
but they are "corkers" to creep, much like a hog. Of
course a woven wire fence is the ideal goat fence (as
it is for all stock) but a board fence, or a stake and
rider old-time fence, or a common rail fence without
locks, will hold them.

As to profit, if you have brush or filthy land to
clean up they will do it to perfection and will more
than pay for their keep for so doing, and you have
the fleece and increase clear, but if you have to keep
them strictly on grass I think they are no more profit-
able than a good flock of sheep. An enquirer writes :

"I live where there is laurel. Will they or theu
young ones eat it and will it kill them like it does
our sheep ?" Yes, just the same.

Mr. Harold Bingess, Lafontaine, Indiana, writes:
"I would like to know if they will eat the sprouts in
the woods and not destroy the timber." No, they will
not destroy the large timber, but will frequently peel
saplings from two to four inches in diameter and kill
them. They must he kept from fruit trees and all
shrubbery. I find that the fleece (mohair) on a well-

bred Angora averages in price about the same as a
sheep's fleece. I sell my wether kids when selling to
a dealer at the same price as lambs. I have received
so many letters lately from parties from all sections
of the country asking information about Angora
goats that it is impossible for me to answer all of
them, but think the above answers most of the ques-
tions. I am glad to see so much interest manifested
in regard to the raising of Angora goats, for they
have come to stay, and in localities that are suited to
raising of Angoras there is nothing that is more profit-
able. B. F. Richard,
Shenandoah Co., Va. in National Stockman.

PHOSPHORIC ACID FOR WHEAT.

Editor Southern Planter:

Last fall when sowing my wheat on the farm I
drilled in with the seed one hundred pounds of acid
phosphate per acre. Some places were left without
any fertilizer. This fertilizer analyzed 14 per cent.
of available prosphoric acid. The amount used was
rather small, I admit, but my object was to bring the
crop on early, avoid the rust, and ripen the crop with
large, plump grains. The land I was seeding was
rich enough for wheat, but it was rather low and
moist. When this land was seeded previously the
crop was usually much damaged by rust, and conse-
quently the grains were not plump. Now, for the
results. My crop is beginning to ripen beautifully,
the heads are very large, there is no appearance of
rust, and the grains seem very plump. While the
crop is rather thin on the land, owing to the extremely
unfavorable winter, still I am convinced the fertil-
izer will pay more than double what it cost me. In
fact, where no fertilizer was used, the crop is not
half so good. The heads are very short and the
wheat is at least one week later.

I have secured a good stand of grass on most of
the wheat land. I have no large bill to pay for pot-
ash and nitrogen. In fact, I have been convinced
long since that our clay limestone lands of Southwest
Virginia ordinarily do not need nitrogen and potash
near so much as phosphoric acid. I believe, from ex-
perimental work, that nitrogen is often a disadvan-
tage to wheat, especially on low, rich bottom lands.
It makes the crop rank in straw growth, makes it
later in maturing, and thus renders it much more
susceptible to the attacks of rust.

It has long been known that phosphoric acid goes
into the seed and hastens the maturity of the crop.
But how small is the per cent, of our farmers who
know the effects of fertilizing ingredients upon crops ?

482

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

July,

Too many are influenced by the brand or name. Fre-
quently our fertilizer bills could be cut down one-
third if we were guided in our purchases by the needs
of our soils, and still we would haye just as fine crops.
Now, at harvest time, is a good opportunity to learn
valuable fertilizer lessons. If we can cut our fer-
tilizer bills down one-third and grow just as fine
crops, we in Virginia can saye enough money to
buy all our grass seed. The money spent for nitro-
gen to produce general farm crops had better be spent
for clover seed, or cow pea seed. Farmers, as a
class, must study the fertilizer problem more closely.
Wheat, especially, is one of the least paying crops we
grow, still we must grow it. If we can cut down the
acreage, increase the yield and lessen the expense the
saving will be enormous to the State.

Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Peice.

HAWKS AND CROWS JUST ONE MORE TIME.

Editor Southern Planter:

I assure you that it is not my intention to become
tiresome to either you or your readers in the discus-
sion of the benefits or financial disadvantages of the
proposed domestication of the hawk or crow. The
compilation of statistics from the Agricultural De
partment, Washington, D. C, has made me stronger
in the faith that the hawk merits no place in the
domicile of the farmer. The crow seems to have
been somewhat ignored in these statistics of Uncle
Sam. Was this on account of his color?

On reference to the examination of the crops
(craws) of the three species of hawks known as
"chicken hawks" by the Agricultural Department, I
find that out of 562 crops of red-tailed hawks, fifty-
four contained poultry, fifty-one other birds, and
forty-seven insects.

Of the crops of 220 red-shouldered hawks ex-
amined, three contained poultry, ninety-two insects.

Out of 103 crops of Cooper's hawk, twenty-four
contained poultry or game birds, fifty-two other birds,
two insects.

You will observe, Mr. Editor, that I have not men-
tioned all of the amphibia or mammalia, etc., con-
tained in the crops of the hawks examined, because
your readers who have much interest in protection of
poultry and insectiverous birds can easily refer to
page 339 of the May issue and have full report, and
thus decide on the wisdom or unwisdom of protect-
ing hawks and crows rather than the juicy little
broiler and the active insectiverous innocents men-
tioned above.

A few conclusions reached from the report of the
examinations made by the Agricultural Department
will terminate my observations.

When we consider the indefatigable efforts of
farmers now to protect their poultry from hawks and.
crows, rind still they are financial losers, what greater
proportion of loss would necessarily follow if they
attempted to domesticate or protect the voracious
pests ?

Even now while I write I hear the report of the ex-
asperated farmer's breech loader reverberating
through the forests, he making earnest effort to bring
to mother earth the rougish crow or hawk, which, like
"Uncle Ephraim" when his old woman was hurling
accusations at him for stealing the judge's pig —
protested that he did not steal the pig. but just took
him without the judge's consent.

I take it. Mr. Editor, that when the crows and
hawks have been domesticated or protected and with
impunity can have access to the poultry yards of the
country, they will soon lose desire for lizards, bugs,
skunk, etc., and begin to devote all their gustatory
energies on the juicy broiler, emphasizing in this the
propensity of man to select the most palatable and
reject the insipid.

By further reference to the Agrictiltural report it
can be easily seen that the number of insects destroy-
ed by the chimsy hawk is by far in inverse propor-
tion to the number of insect* which would haye been
destroyed by the active little birds which were killed
by the hawks. We owe protection to the little in-
sectiverous birds and their eggs as well as to the poul-
try of the industriotis farmer's wives, and crops of
the industrious farmer. This protection must come
by efficient legislation as well a? by destruction of
those birds of prey whose crops (craws') on exami-
nation prove them to be a menace to the interests of
the agriculturist by their destruction of insectiverous
birds.

Xow. Mr. Editor, for your courtesy and patient
indulgence I promise not to mention crow or hawk
in your columns again. Geo. T. Sxe.vd.

Princess Anne Co., Va.

CHICKEN CHATTER.

Feed green food daily.
Overfceeding means death to poultry.
Keep the vessels and quarters clean.
Plenty of exercise often prevents feather pulling.
Bran and clover mixed is an excellent food for the
fowls.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

483

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COPT

RICHMOND, VA.

Issued on 1st of bach Month.

PUBLISHER'S NOTES,

J. F. JACKSON,
Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manages.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.
Rate card furnished on application,

TO ADVERTISERS.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of hav-
ing all advertisements, no matter
whether new or change of copy,
in our office by the 24th of each
month. Advertising forms close
on the 25th. We are compelled to
leave a number of advertisements
out of each issue because they are
received too late.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER la mailed U
subscribers la the United Statea and Canada
at 60c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 75c.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Oflce to which your paper la sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this Is done.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription Is paid.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en
auirles will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Latter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When
made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to {
receive practical articles. Criticism of Artl- ,
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions ef New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must net be
furnished other papers until after they nave
appeared In our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at ones.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND. VA.

Entered at the Poit-offlce, Richmond,
Va., as second-clas8 matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQeHHER'S
COLUMN.

Skippers in Hams 463

Silo Building 463

Effects of Warm Weather 463

Preparation for Irish Potatoes and

Tomatoes 463

Destroying Horns on Calves 463

Rotation of Crops 464

Nitrate of Soda on Clover 465

Sorrel — Sheep Pasture — Pump —
Windmill— Sheep Killed by

Dogs 465

Goats 465

Angora Goats 466

Lime 466

Corn for Horses 466

Whitewash 466

Plant for Name 466

Fleas in Hay Barn 466

TRIAL SUBSCRIPTIONS.

Hundreds of our regular sub-
scribers tell us that "every farmer
in the South should read the
Southern Planter/' We think
so too. Especially when the cost is
so trifling. But it is our expe-
rience that the cost has little or
nothing to do with the matter.
Every man, woman or child in this
section can muster the necessary
50 cents. But a great number of
farmers do not read any farm
paper. How they farm without
one, we do not know. These are
the people we want to interest. If
we once get them to reading the
Southern Planter we have lit-
tle trouble in keeping them at it.
We are sure to give them their
money's worth and a great deal
more. If they are dissatisfied and
tell us so, after reading the jour-
nal for a year, they can have their
money back. Now isn't that a sim-
ple, straight, honest, store propo-
sition ?

Any person, not a subscriber,
can have a three months' trial sub-
scription for 10 cents. A good
many hundreds ought to come in at
this rate. Tlie next three issues
will be a fair sample of the yearly
volume excepting our usual Holi-
day Number which is always
worth the price of the entire year.

One-half of the whole number of
sheep in the world are dipped in
Cooper Dip year by year. The makers
prove this by the amount of dip that
leaves their factory and the number of
sheep known to exist according to the
official records.

Wood's Seeds.

Crimson Clover

Sown at the last working
of the Corn or Cotton Crop,

can be plowed under the following
April or May in time to plant corn
or other crops the same season.
Crimson Clover prevents winter
leaching of the soil, is equal in fer-
tilizing value to a good application
of stable manure and will wonder-
fully increase the yield and qual-
ity of corn or other crops which
follow it. It also makes splendid
winter and spring grazing, fine
early green feed, or a good hay
crop. Even if the crop is cut off,
the action of the roots and stubble
improve the land to a marked de-
gree.

Write for price and special cir-
cular telling about seeding etc.

T.W.Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.
Wood's Descriptive Fall Catalog, ready
about August 1st, tells all about Farm
and Vegetable Seeds for Fall plant-
ing. Mailed free on request.

LIME

AGRICULTURAL
AND BUILDERS'

Send for Circulars and Price- List,

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS,

REEVES CATT, Agent,

Staunton, Virginia.

delivered anywhere between Lynchburg and
Petersburg for ?3 per ton. Parties on the
Southern Railway will please apply for rates.
T.O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

FRAZER

Ax!e Ore as e *??£&.

Its wearing qualities ars unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlaiting 3 biB. any other brand,
Not affected by heat. *ar Get Ihs Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whals-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and Slate Experiment
Stations. Tins soap is a Fertiliser ns well as an Insecti-
cide. 50-1 b. kegB.n.&0; 100-lb. ket's, PtM; half barrel,
270 lb.. 3 J-.- perl h : barrel, 425 lb., 31c Send for Booklet
JA.MES4.001*. Original Maker, '

989-41 A. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

484

THE SOUTHEEX PLAXTEE.

July,

HAY

RESS

Savei Time, Labor and Money.

1^1 Red Ripper"

THE RED RIPPER is the strongest,
simplest and moit durable hay press on
the market ; requires only one horse to
operate; capacity. 15 to 20 full size bal«s
(75 to 100 pounds) per hour. Costs less
than any other good press and does more
and better work than most presses cost-
ing five times as much.

Write for Free Illustrated Booklet.
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena,Ga.

BALE YOUR OWN HAY

MILLET SOROHUM PEA VINES ETC

wttha"HANDY"baler

TfE 5T«

SWIFTEST ANO UCHTEST
C5EPAT-,N« MANt PRESS
EVERP^TCN "-E
'ABKET.

HAHDV BALER /HE3„

STANDARD Sl~ '

LITTLE GIANT
HAY PRESS CO.

DALLAS.TEXAS.

-ARS

The Hay Baler

185H»mpsh;reS<„ Qulncy, III.

CHAMPIONg^^w
andHAV press

At it for 30 years and right up-to-date.
Presses of every style and for every pur-
pose. If wantins a Baling Press write to

722 RAILROAD AVE.
EAST CHICACO, IND.

Mmmmusi

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

B. F-. BOBUCBTER

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co.. South Superior. \n Is.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
The Spangler Mfg. Co., York, Pa.,
start their Fall advertising campaign
with an interesting card in another
column. Their well known low down
grain and fertilizer drill is the offer-
ing this month.

A choice Red Poll bull at a very rea-
sonable price is offered by H. K. Fos-
ter, Blacksburg, Va.

Among the new ads in this number
will be found that of the Safety Bug-
gy Co., Richmond, Va. This company
is the successor to the buggy depart-
ment of Benj. T. Crump & Co. of the
same city. Our readers are invited to
call at the company's depository and
inspect its 85 styles of vehicles before
purchasing elsewhere.

Parties desiring a farm manager
had better refer to the ad of "B" in
another column

H. A. S. Hamilton & Sons. Shadwell.
Va., have an offering of choice "Hill
Top" stock. This firm has made an
enviable reputation and now that they
have removed and have with them
their same old stock, we have no doubt
but what numerous old customers, as
well as new. will look up their offer-
ing.

Italian bees and bee supplies can be
had from J. E. Thomasson, Bumpass,
Va.

The Stratton & Bragg Co., Peters-
burg. Va., resume the season's adver- 1
tising with a half page ad elsewhere. I
In addition to handling all kind of |
hardware and farm implements, this
company is special agent for Heebner
& Sons' peanut pickers and threshers.
The Bullfield Farms, Doswell, Va.,
are offering 90 ewes and grade rams,
also about 20 head of grade Shorthorn
cattle. Look up the ad on another
page.

Strawberry Hill Poultry Yards are
new-comers in this issue. Eggs for
hatching from aristocratic strains of
birds can be had at very reasonable
prices.

Fashionably bred Berkshires are of-
fered by H. W. Fugate in another col-
umn. We invite the attention of our
readers to the ad.

Lee's Prepared Agricultural Lime,
Plain Oyster Shell Lime, Ns. I TTood
Burnt Lime are offered by A. S. Lee
& Son, Richmond, Va.

Samuel Hairston. Wenonda. Va..
has an ad of his well known Oak Hill
Farm. Farmers desiring pure bred
stock at right prices should look up
his ad.

The farm department of the V. P. I.
is offering some choice Dorset rams.
Agricultural Lime can be had of
T. O. Sandy. Btirkeville. Va.

Finely bred Jerseys are offered by
Woodside Farm.

Elizabeth College, Charlotte, N. C,
has an attractive card in another col-
umn. Send for its handsome illus-
trated catalogue and prospectus.

L. G. Jones, breeder of Essex and
Poland China pigs and Hampshire
and Southdown sheep has an ad in

20th

CENTURY

Wagon Box and Rack

sef ul, and la-bo
ered to the farmer. Sab*i

.Tillable for hauling com, potatoes, wood, liTe
tnock, etc. Bv suspending canvas or muslin from
top, inside, will bold 100 bushels of balk grain.

SIDES CAN BE LOWERED INSTANTLY
And It becomes a solid rack for hauling hay, straw,
: wheal etc., with ample strength and
capacttv for three tons. Very convenient for
husking corn with side lowered as shown in cut.
Made 11 feet long and regular widths. Sold direct
to fanner- at manufacturers* price?, freight pre-
paid. Write for Catalogue and prices.
MODEL MFG. CO. Bn Muncie, Ind.

0. K. HARRY STEEL WORKS, ff%&£&

THE IMPROVED

SGREWSTUJIP PULLER

Write lor Pricei.

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olsan, N. Y„ U S A

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clean an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clears all flump? Id a circle of ISO ft without
morlng or changing machine. Strongest, most
rapid working and beet made.
Hercules Hlg. Co.. 413 17th St.. Centrevllle. lo»a

GINSENG &. RAW FURS
Wanted; full value for your goods. Write
for price lists. Address H. C. METCALF,
Alstead, N. H.

:004.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

485

Built for Business

Farquhar engines: and boilers axe built for liard
knocks and durability on the road as well as at
ork. They have every improvement th;i
f Talne. For ger
all-round set

FARQUHAR

ENGINES

and
SAW MILLS

have no superior.
Write for 1904
Catalogue of

engines, boil-
ers, saw mills
and thresh-

DE LOACH PAT.

Variable Friction Feed

Save Power and Repairs. Make Smooth Lumber.
8uited to 4 H. P. up— for the farmer or the lum-
ber man. Also shingle Mills, Lath Mills, Buhr
Mills, Planers and Hay Presses. Catalog FREE.

DeLOACH PAT

TRIPLEX HAY BALER. SELF-FEEDER. LOW IN PRICE
For Hand, Horse or Belt Power. Leverage 40 to 1

Bales quicker, easier and mo-e solid than aDV
o.her Also Grinding Mills, Water Wheels, Etc.
120 l.serty or. DE LOACH MILL MFG, CO.
newvork. Box 600 Atlanta, Ga. ST. louis

and FERTILIZER

GRAIN

^mn The YORK FORCE FEEI> DRII.I. CO-

.tness \\;th sri'en*.tli. 31ost complete drill
gearing to get out pf order. Boxes

lartty.
Weight,
Only tOOl
Agents Wanted.

Write for Catalogue.
THEHENCH&DROMGOLOI

31 Irs., York, Pa.

Towdown ■P™'"
\/N AND ,
RT/L/ZER m

Superior to all

other drills

Fuilv
nted.

; ft,,.

SPANGLER MFG. CO.. 804 Queen Street, York, Pa.

WANTED

FARM HAND. Married man. For garden,
milking and general work on small farm.
Pay, $20 per month and 4 room house, and
wood free. Apply by letter, giving refer-
ences, to "A. B. C.," Greenwood Depot,
Albemarle county, Va. Rejected applications
will not be acknowledged.

this issue. Satisfaction to every cus-
tomer is his motto.

The Smith Endless Apron Manure
Spreader is advertised in this issue.

Always mention the Southern
Planter when corresponding with ad-
vertisers.

MAGAZINES.
The Century for July is primarily,
but by no means wholly, a fiction
number.

The opening article by Sylvester
Baxter describes "The New West
Point" as it is to be, with impressive
drawings, done under the supervision
of the architects, one of which, print-
ed in color, is a frontispiece. This
article will be a revelation to the pub-
lic of the superb picturesque and mon-
umental character of the construc-
tions now under way.

The Far East comes in for special
attention: the theatre of war is de-
scribed in an illustrated paper on
"Manchuria," written by the present
United States Consul at An-Tung, Mr.
James W. Davidson, from a special
trip of inspection made last fall; the
Japanese Constitution is the subject
of a paper by one of its four framers.
Baron Kaneko (a Harvard LL. D.),
under the title "The Magna Charta of
Japan." and Andrew D. White con-
tributes a paper of recollections of
"Russia in War Time," recording his
humorous and stirring experiences as
attache at St. Petersburg during the
Crimean War.

Henry R. Elliot under the title "The
Most Popular Book in the World"
gives curious facts concerning the
publication and distribution of the
Bible. Apropos of St. John's Eve
(June 23) Maud Howe writes of "The
Evil Eye and Witches' Night in
Rome." Charles de Kay describes "An
Important Art Treasure of New York,"
namely, the Etruscan chariot recently
acquired for the Metropolitan Museum,
an object of special interest to visi-
tors to New York.

The fiction, nearly all of which is
illustrated, includes further install-
ments of Dr. Weir Mitchell's piquant
and daring "The Youth of Washing-
ton," told in the form of an autobi-
ography, and Jack London's vivid and
adventurous "The Sea-Wolf." The
nine complete tales are "The White
Feather," by Margaret Deland, with a
literary setting and a novel motive;
"The Heart-Breakers," a flirtation
story by Bertha Runkle, author of
"The Helmet of. Navarre;" "Miss
Clegg"s Adopted," by Anne Warner, a
humorous rural sketch by the author
of "The Marrying of Susan Clegg;"
"The Ancestry of Irene," another
story of the Nevada Madigans, by
Miriam Michelson — in which a ro-
mantic young girl is seen in search of
a father; "The Conspiracy of Krass,"
by Robert Haven Schauffler — a tale of
hypnotism; "Miss Nigger," by Rose
Young, a story of a white child and a
nurse, and their superstitions; "Floyd

Can Save a Lot of Workl
Can Save a Lot of Money!

Can Increase Your Comlortsl
Can Increase Your Profits!

ELECTRIC STE^ee.s

and the

WUf ELECTRIC Ha^ago„

^* More than a million and a quarter of them are
In use and several hundred thousand farmers say
that they are the best investment they ever made.
They'll save you more money, more work, give bet-
ter service and greater satisfaction than any other
metal wheel made — because They're Made Better.
By every test they are the best. Spokes united to
the hub. If they work loose, your money back.
Don't buy wheels nor wagon until you read our
book. It may save you many dollars and it's free.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,

Box 146 Quincy, Ills.

SURRIES,
DAYTONS,
RUNABOUTS,

SPINDLE WAGONS, CARTS.

etc. 85 different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our prices
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 E. Main street,
Richmond, Va.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

iDd send 4 Bninry Wheals. Steel Tire on, . #7.25
I With Rubber fire*. ftlo.00. I mfg. wheels Jf to4in.
tread. Top Buggies, (28.75; Harness, $360- Writefor
catalogue. Learn bow to buy vehicles and parts direct.
1 Wagon Umbrella FREE. W . V . ISO*) 1$, Cincinnati, O.

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with

Wilson's Phosphate Mills

V From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bane Cut.
ters. hand and power, for the pool-
trymen; farm Peed Mill-*, Gra-
ham Flour 13i.nl MIHm, Grit und

WALLAKB.CRUMB.F0,i.ESr^,kL.E^9H"

486

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

July.

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

I CUrk'i Rev. Buah Plow and Harrow
Uaa cuts a track 5 ft. .vide, 1 ft.
deep. Connects the sub-
| soil water. It Is an ex-
1 cellent machine for
covering in sugar cane.
Strength guaranteed.
Can plow a newly cut
.' forest, ?tump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Double Actloo Cutaway
■arrow moves 15,000 tons otff,
urth la a day.
Bend for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

>»=>£»*/?"$ * Made single or double
E*'-y>?/!L- One or two furrows five
*s3=to ten inches deep; 14
• er i) inches wide, For two or
'four horses. Light draft.
No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
as directed in his grass circular, we, the 0. H. Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now Is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

Imperial 4*«> Pulverizer,

i The Peterson Mfg. Co.

Clod

Crusher and
;, Roller

^s. Leads them

n I F"F" HYDRAULIC
KITC. ENGINE

Water By Water Power.

The pump that never stops, i ■
v.-Ut-r l" uny height, needs no atten-
' ti,„- ,-..:t« i.Mihlnt.' t-.
3 run. You can buy a Rife
""* on 30 days free trial.
Ask tor our free catalog.

RITE ENGINE CO.
1-26 Liberty St. New York.

Water Problem Solved.

The Koger Well Drilling Machine
gets it. The farmers' friend. Es-
pecially for domestic well making.
Cheapest by half and the
most practical of any.
Best moneymak-
er on the market.
s Catalogue free.

J.J. K0GER& SONS,

Moorefburg, Tenn.

The Best Pow 7

after all is Bteam power. The beat example Is
here shown In our

LEFFEL ENGINES

with Stationary Tubular Boiler

This outfit contains all the Leffel superiority and
efficiency. Ea»y uteamers, Utile fuel, easy hand-
*" 3(r,alway6in order,
ng lived, safe, etc.
This style made 10 to
40 H. P. Many other
of engines and
s tor all pur-
pones. Get free book

~ ' 'Power Economy

and mi.
clency."

Jinn

_ L.ffeleVCo.
5£-g Bo»13*
Sprlngflel d. Ohio.,

and the Archduchess," a romantic tale
by Olivia Howard Dunbar; "In the
Nature of a Hero," a fire department
story by Harvey J. O'Higgins, and
"The Rich Widow of Spanish Town,"
a sketch of California, by Gouverneur
Morris.

The unique feature of the July St.
Nicholas is the beginning of a serial
story for boys, translated from the
Japanese for St. Nicholas, and written
by one of Japan's most popular nove-
lists, Gensai Murai. The story, which
will run through several numbers, is
entitled "Kibun Daizin"; or, From
Shark-Boy to Merchant Prince, and is
founded upon the life of Bunzayemon
Kinokuniya, a Japanese merchant of
the eighteenth century, whose pluck,
wisdom and enterprising spirit made
him one of the most prosperous and
respected men of the time. The open-
ing chapters are attractively illus-
trated by Varian.

This July issue of St. Nicholas is a
patriotic number, and the Fourth of
July spirit has been well carried out
in story, rhymes and pictures. "A
Day with Hudson Maxim" is a timely
and interesting account, by Joseph H.
Adams, of the city home of this noted
American inventor and of his work.

The July number of Lippincott's
Magazine is fertile in fiction for lazy
days. Its opening pages are covered
by "The Love Affair of a Princess," by
Lafayette McLaws, a rushing romance
filled with gallantry, love, and life at
a quick pace.

Following the novelette there are
nine stories of varying lengths and
subjects: Elizabeth Duer contributes a
most engaging one called "The Court
of Pan." Edward Boltwood's story,
"The Lazzaparoola," is the very clever-
est and most amusing cow-boy episode
which has appeared in print. A good
summer story by Cyrus Townsend
Brady, entitled "The Baby Goes A-
Fishing," is suspected of being a bit of
personal reminiscence. Bertha H.
Lippincott, the author of "Chevrons,"
writes an entertaining tale of the right
man at the wrong dinner-table, and an
out-of-the-common point is made by
the debutante winning out with a
rival widow. Something new about
the finding of "Moses" is told by Ella
Middleton Tybout under the title of
"Moses, Jr." It is bright and humor-
ous. A sweet background for the live-
lier themes is a story by Mabel Nelson
Thurston called "The Emancipation of
Lydia Duroe," which is delightful in
its faithfulness to human nature. "A
Thread of Scarlet," by Jennette Lee,
sounds the single note of tragedy in the
whole number. "A Delayed Heritage'
appeals to everybody who has wanted
one thing very much for a long time —
and at last grasps the dear desire. Its
author is Eleanor H. Porter. A new
sort of ghost-story is that by Bertha
M. Bower, entitled "The Ghost in the
Red Shirt." Its underlying love ac-
companiment is captivating.

George Moore's "Moods and Memo-

: UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEEN FULL?

TESTED AND FOUND

SUPERIOR TO ALL

OTHERS.

Will fit
ground without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger, lias fine mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest
poultry farms arc using this fence— over 700 rods
by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for
f reejcatalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn.*

WIRE • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy bard steel slays, coll-
ed spring wire. Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can-
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0

Genuine spiral Spring Wire
FENCES HHD GATES

If your dealer does not have ou*

goods in stock you can buydirec

at Manufacturers' Price. Write.

• for Catalogue and secure agency

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio.

m

iAs@£k&2. E*wi LAWN FENCE

i^'IWyv*! hy-::*-;
,;i i.. -v. <yv ' .(■:■;■»:

Many designs. Cheap i
wood. 32 page Catalogue
freo. Special Prices tu Center
U't-iesundCiiur-ciH ■ -.. Address

GOOD BED SPRINGS

are made of the same wire as Pase Fences.

Page Woven Wire Fencs Co., Box 57 Adrian. Mich.

,^FARM FENCE

ijiU;

0. PRICE AND QUALITY
"VILL PLEASE VOU —
WRITE US NOW.

DOW WIRE WORKS- Louisville.Ky.

FENCE!

STRomcEsr

MADE. Baft
strong*. Chicken
tight. Sold to the Farmer at ffboli-f-al-r
Price*. Pmllj Warranted. Catalog Free

COLL1D SPRING KKNCB CO.,
Bos W Wlaehetrtar. Indjaaa, 11. S. »

jer BLUE FLAME .«*>

Imperial Oil Cook Stoves.

Wood and Coal Cook Stoves at Factory
prices. I am agent for all the best makes.
Price, from 38c. to $25. Everything In Hard-
ware, Sash, Doors, Blinds, Iron and Tin
Roofing. Carriage Goods. Nails, etc.

CARDON ROOF PAINT, stops leaks, guar-
anteed for five years. Price only 50c. gal.
Write us for anything you want. We have
it. HARRIS, "The Hardwareman," 409 E.
Broad street, Richmond, Va.

Mention the Southebn Planteb 1b
writing.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

487

Are you fond of
your face ? If so,
use Williams'
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for 2-cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for booklet *• How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

nri F-nU Plants, VERY STOCKY. All
I n I rKY Plants are grown In rows 9
wl-LVIII inches apart. Plants average
an inch apart in the row, from imported seed.
Golden Self Blanching, Giant Pascal; Golden
Heart, White Plume, S1.50 per 1,000; 90c per 500.
• n 1 n n 1 o r Plants $1.00 per 1 000 ; 87.50 rer
. Ann A hr lOOOO; 70c per S00. Strong,
vnu u nut. atoeky . lant8i Danish Bullhead,
Sure head. Stone Mason, All Seasons, Flat Dutch.
F. W. ROCHELLE, Drawer 6, Chester, N. J.

Diggs & Beadles,

Reliable Seeds

For The Farm and Garden,

German Clover, Millets, Rape, Buckwheat,
Sorghums, Seed Potatoes, NEW CROP Tur-
nip Seeds, and all seeds of the highest qual-
ity. Write us for samples and quotations.
Mail orders given prompt attention.

Write for our Catalog.

DIGGS & BEADLES,

1709 E. Franklin St., Richmond, Va.

Italian Bees,

The kind that do the hustling. Guaran-
teed to work on Red Clover. Spring Colo-
nies furnished at $5 each f. o. b. cars here,
In your choice of Root or Dazenbaker
hives. The best comb honey hive on
earth. Also Root's hives and supplies at
Root's prices. Catalogue for the asking.
Write me anything you wish to know
about bees and their management.

J. E. THOMASSON,

Bumpass, Va.

FARMERS

THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER Is used
and recommended on the Test Farms of the
United States, Virginia, North Carolina, and
Illinois. It Is a strong windlass, weighing
three pounds. Saves labor. Prevents shocks
falling. Keeps shocks dry Inside. Sent by
express prepaid for $1.50. Write for free
circular with testimonials and directions for
cutting and shocking corn. Agents wanted.
FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER CO., Christie.
Va.

. WILL EXCHANGE .

Eclipse Hand Separator,

As good as new, and doing perfect work,
for a Red Poll, Shorthorn or Angus Heifer
Calf. Apply to GEO. W. BRYAN Scotland
Neck, N. C.

ries." Parts III., IV., and V., are no
less charming than last month's. The
pathetic incident of a little Irish wait-
ress at a Paris cafe reads like fiction.

The poems this month are by Flor-
ence Earle Coates, Richard Kirk. Aloy-
sius Coll. S. R Elliatt, Ella Heath.
Francis Halley Newton, and Emma P.
Seabury.

Visitors to the St. Louis Exposition
will want the July Woman's Home
Companion because it is such an in-
teresting souvenir of the fair. Fred-
erick Smith tells of "A Little Jour-
ney Round the St. Louis Fair" and
about adventures on The Pike, while
Arthur Hoyt describes the opening
day. A feature of especial timeliness
is "Celebrating the Fourth of July in
Uncle Sam's New Possessions." The
pictorial features are the "Wash-Day
of All Nations" and "Sports on an
Ocean-Liner." The Editors announce
that Margaret E. Bangster, so dear to
the hearts of all American girls, will
henceforth conduct a department for
women in the Woman's Home Com-
panion. There is plenty of lively mid-
summer fiction, and many of Miss
Gould's excellent fashion suggestions.
Published by The Crowell Publishing
Company, Springfield, Ohio; one dol-
lar a year; ten cents a copy.

Following the plan which St. Nich-f
olas has carried out for several
months, the July issue has an instruc- 1
tive article designed to present valua-
ble facts in a way entertaining to both
young and old. "A Day with Hudson
Maxim" is the title of Joseph H.
Adams' sketch, which will tell many
interesting details of the great inven-
tor's life and work. Hudson Maxim's
residence is in Brooklyn, where a
visitor finds him as much at home
among his high explosives as his cook
is in her kitchen. Mr. Adams tells,
among other things, of being invited
to lunch on Welsh rare-bit cooked in
a chafing-dish over a lamp filled with
— not alcohol but nitroglycerin.

AMERICAN BOY DAY AT THE ST.
LOUIS EXPOSITION.
The St. Louis Exposition manage-
ment wisely determined to recognize
American boys by setting apart a spe-
cial day for them at the Exposition.
The day selected is July 5th, and the
program and arrangements for the
day are in the hands of William C.
Sprague. editor of The American Boy,
of Detroit. The program includes ath-
letics contests in the stadium between
the boys of the public schools, in which
public school teams are entered from
Chicago. New York and other cities,
and opportunities will be given for in-
dividual entries. From 2:30 to 4:30 in
the afternoon public exercises will be
held in Festival Hall, the central at-
traction of the grounds. It is expected
that three thousand boys will take part
In a unique programme, consisting of
orations, recitations, music, etc., by tal-
ented boys from various parts of the
country, the reading of messages from

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor-
mation concerning ils certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Our experience proves thisformfor
Bavings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of S100.00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

VIRGINIUS NEWTON, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vice-Pres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A flre Insurance Association for farmer! *t

Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 18H9; amount lm-
eured January 9, 1904, $370,000; policies «-
cured by real and personal property, esti-
mated value, $1,000,000. For further Informa-
tion address CHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE -n<
other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustioi

Experienced Man

of ability, 30 years of age, married, desires a
position as farm manager. Address "B.,"
care Southern Planter.

MODERN CANNER FOR $25

Complete farm canning plant, including
cans, tools, etc. Write to-day. MOD"ERN
CANNER CO., Bridgeport, Alabama.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. f. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth. SI. 00: Paper. 60c.

We offer toll splendid work In coanec-
Hon with the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:
Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. SI. 25
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume. 90c.
Old »r lew Hbacrtptlail.

Mention The Southern Planto
when corresponding with advertiser!.

488

THE SOUTHEKINT PLANTEE.

Northern

Virginia

Farms

Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit,
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timher, bal-
ance cleared; ljj miles from station.
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house.
Fine water. Five miles from station.
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22.-225 acres. Two and one
half miles from station. Forty acres
ttfmber, balance cleared. Fine land.
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

No. 23. — 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 25. — 175 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass farm in Rockbridge county, li
miles from Buena Vista. Fine condi-
tion. Nice home. Price, $5,300.

No. 28. — 516 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass Farm, 1J miles from Buena
Vista. First class condition. Hand-
some home; all modern equipments.
Price, $16,000.

No. 34. — 50 acres. Truck and fruit
farm, 12 miles from aWshington, near
railroad station. Excellent condition.
All improved selected fruit. Price,
$5,000.

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun
county, 3J miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land.
Price, $7,500.

No. 35. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Excellent grain and grass
land. Modern improved buildings
Price, $8,000.

No. 36.-275 acre farm in Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land.
Good buildings. Refined and edu-
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April and May issue of South-
ebn Planter for description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

President Roosevelt and the governors
of all the States and territories, music
by one of the Exposition bands, and
by Professor H. B. Roney, who will
preside at the great organ — the larg-
est in the world. Three thousand boys
will be heard in chorus singing patri-
otic songs. There will be an address
of welcome by President Francis, a re-
sponse by an 11-year-old boy, and a
salute to the flag. Prizes will be
awarded to boys competing in the con-
test for the best poem on the subject,
"The American Boy." and the best song
that can be sung to the tune America.
At 4:30 o'clock the boys will form in
procession and march to the Pennsyl-
vania building, where they will pay
their respects to the old Liberty Bell,
and a 10-year-old boy will crown the
bell with a floral offering on behalf of
the boys of America. At 5:30 o'clock
a reception will be given the boys in
the Michigan building. It is fair to
say that every boy in the country who
can be at the fair on July 5th will try
to be there, as the occasion will be one
long to be remembered.

July,

W. E. MILLER,

HERNDON, VA.

CATALOGUES.

Elizabeth College for Women, Char-
lotee, N. C, 7th annual catalogue with
announcements for 1904-1905. This is
a finely illustrated catalogue of an ex-
cellent institution with a- fine staff of
professors and teachers.

Air-cooled power and pumping- en-
gine, for gasoline or gas, Chas. G.
Blatchley, Swanson Street, Philadel-
phia, Pa.

Standard Hydraulic Pump Co.. Shen-
andoah Avenue, Roanoke, Va.

THE

We acknowledge with thanks receipt
of invitation to attend the laying of
the cornerstone of the Auditorium
group of buildings at Oread, Md., the
great institution now being established
there on a farm of 2,000 acres where
girls and women will be taught do-
mestic science and boys and men ag-
riculture, industrial arts and com-
merce. The motto of the institution is
"We learn to do by doing." President
Perky has devoted a large fortune to
the establishment and support of this
unique institution.

PAMPHLETS.
Holstein-Friesian Cattle. Salient
points of their history and character-
istics and of their development and
registration under the rules of the Hol-
stein-Friesian Association of America.
S. Hoxie, Compiler and Publisher,
Yorkville, N. Y.

SOUVENIRS OF W. A. WOOD MA-
CHINES.
The W. A. Wood M. & R. Machine
Co., of Hoosick Falls, N. Y., send us a
couple of souvenirs which they are
distributing at the World's Fair. One
is a beautiful pamphlet, an artistic
fac simile of their Paris Gold Medal,
and the other a gilded medal souvenir
of the St. Louis Fair.

OAKS

FOR SALE.

Being advised by my physician to
seek a drier climate on account of my
wife's health, I offer "The Oaks" for
sale; situated 1-2 mile from depot on
main line of N. & W. R. R., 1-4 mile
from corporation limits, and contains
1451-2 acres; dwelling house has six
rooms and pantry; situated on an ele-
vation commanding a fine view of the
Peaks of Otter (12 miles), town and
surrounding country; and surrounded
by a magnificent grove of stately oaks,
about 10 acres in original growth of
large oaks. Land is gently rolling,
most of it in grass; three elegant never
Tailing springs, one very bold; plenty
of fruit for home use; there is also a
2-room tenant house and large barn
and corn crib. There are about 45
acres well set in Clover, Timothy, Al-
sike and Alfalfa, (about 4 acres in Al-
falfa); half of it two years old; cut
it five times last year and it now, 10th
of May, stands 12 inches, after being
frozen down 1st of April. This is
strictly Alfalfa land and there are 25
acres that will be ready to seed to Al-
falfa this summer; 40 acres seeded to
Alfalfa will be worth more than I
ask for the whole farm, as hay is now
selling here for $18.00 per ton and has
not been less than $14.00 for two years.
There are 7 acres in wheat; 16 in rye;
1 1-2 in oats; 34 in corn, and 4 in peas
and sorghum. Will sell the place as
a whole or in two tracts. Would say
to any purchaser that if he comes and
looks at the place and finds it not as
represented I will pay his railroad

fare.

B. B. Buchanan,

Bedford City, Va.

M04.1]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

489

i irugk

The best grazing section* of Virginia, Blue
grass Indigenous. If you are Interested In
fruit growing or trucking, you can find no
better country in the United States.

BUY THE BEST and send for our free
Real Estate Bulletin, It -will help you find it.

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND
AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krennlng,
General Managers, Wythevllle, Va.

CASH

FOB YOTJK

OR ANY REAL ESTATE

' Mo matter where located. Send
description and lowest cash price.
I succeed by giving personal at-
tention. Interesting and valuable
particulars FREE. Write to-
day. Bank references,
miai T. BROWN. 114 Brown Law B'ld'g, Lancaster, Pa.

FOR SALE

OR

FARM on SHARES

I will sell all or one-half my dairy business,
or I will give the right man an Interest in
profits to superintend same. A bargain for a
good man. Apply OAK HILL STOCK AND
DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va.

D. & W. R'y.

200 ACRE

farm in Bedford county for sale. 4 miles
from Bedford City. Good road; has good 6
room house, nice yard and lawn, other ne-
cessary outbuildings. Land is gently rolling;
20 acres well drained bottom land; adapted to
grass, wheat and tobacco; 60 acres in grass;
well fenced into 4 fields, 4 lots, 1 acre gar-
den, 4 lots in orchard of 250 select fruit
trees; one-half mile to P. O., school and
church. Frice, $4,500. JOHN H. REED,
Bunker Hill, Va.

HOUSE WANTED

for month of August and probably Septem-
ber. Would like either furnished or unfur-
nished house for above time within 30 miles
of Richmond, at or very near railroad sta-
tion. Address with terms, NORMAN, care
Box 840, Richmond, Va.

...FOR SALE...

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OF
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

26, 60, 100, 600, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly Improved and conve-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia
farm, see Hockaday & Casselman, Richmond,
V«.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.; LAU-
RENCE CASSELMAN, Ei-Audltor McLalne
Co.. N. Dakota.

• -%.« VIRGINIA FARMS •^-*

Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good houst
and orchard, 9500.00. Blue Grass, Stock ant;
Prult Farms. Address PORTER & GATES.
Louisa, Va.

REPORTS.
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wash-
ing, D. C. Year book of the De-
partment of Agriculture 1903. This
is one of the best year books ever
got out by the Department and is
a perfect mine of facts and infor-
mation useful to farmers. Ask
your Congressman or Senator to
send you a copy. The Department
has barely sufficient for its corre-
spondents. Nearly the whole issue
goes to Congressmen and Senators.

Report No. 77. Alfalfa and beef pro-
duction in Argentina.

Report 78. An enemy of the Cotton
Boll Weevil.

Bureau of Forestry. Bulletin 50.
Cross-tie forms and rail fastenings
with special reference to treated
timbers.

Some results of investigations in
soil management.

Statistical matter relating to prin-
cipal crops and farm animals,
freight rates, exports, etc., of the
U. S.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 196. Useful-
ness of the American toad.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 197. Import-
tation of game birds and eggs for
propagation.
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, Id.
Bulletin 41. Grasshopper and
cricket outbreaks.
Kansas Experiment Station, Manhat-
tan, Kas. Bulletin 123. Crop ex-
periments in 1903.
Maryland State Horticultural Society,
J. B. S. Norton, Secretary, College
Park, Md. Report for the year
1903.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul-
tural College, Mich. Bulletin 211.
Breakfast foods.

Bulletin 212. Seed testing for farm-
ers.
Nebraska Experiment Station, Lin-
coln, Neb. Bulletin 84. Pasture
meadow and forage crops.
New Mexico Experiment Station, Me-
silla Park, N. M. Bulletin 50. Steer
and lamb feeding.
New York Experiment Station, Geneva.
N. Y. Bulletin 252. Analyses of
commercial fertilizers.
Rhode Island Experiment Station,
Kingston, R. I. Sixteenth annual
report.
South Carolina Experiment Station,
Clbmson College, S. C. Bulletin 83.
Results of practical experiments
with peach borer.

Bulletin 84. One horse farm.

Bulletin 85. Commercial fertilizers.

Bulletin 86. Tobacco culture in
South Carolina.

Bulletin 87. Analyses of commercial
fertilizers.
Tennessee Experiment Station, Knox-
ville. Tenn. Vol. XVII No. 2. In-
creasing the yield of corn.
Virginia State Crop Pest Commission,
Blarltsburg, Va. Circular to nurse-
rymen, May, 1904.

Circular relating to fumigation of
nursery stock, June, 1904.

HOMES™ ] E PLACE

FIND THEM.

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for tt e money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, ami the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company offer superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vinlta. Va.

O &O Main St. Depot Richmond, Va.

.•To Homeseekers**

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

la the title of a new pamphlet Issued by t»«
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. Ws
will gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER. Alt,
O. P. A., Lands and ImmlaratJoa.
Roanoke, Va.

Northern Virginia,

Grain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of
every Class within one hour of Washington, 1>. C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Farms a Specialty

Catalogue on application.

F. B. BUELL CO. SONS.

Real Estate BroKers. >?

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va.

Farm For Rent.

Will rent a Cotton and Tobacco farm on
shares to a first class farmer. Good build-
ings and plenty of labor. Will sell stock
reasonable. FRANK W. HOPKINS, New-
man, N. C.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

HomeB for all; Health for all; Happiness and
Independence for all. All sizes of Farms at
corresponding prices, but all reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If located In one of these Virginia counties:
Prince George, Chesterfield, King William
•lloucester, New Kent, King and Qneen.
Hianover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JKLINBK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock. Pa

VIRGINIA FARMS

$3 PFR ACRE AND UPWARDS.
BAST PATMBNT8. CATALOGUE Ffir»

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va

Established 187B.

riUF rmilC In the great fruit grain and

T Nb rAnmo stock section of Virginia.

Best climate and water In the U. S. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages.

For further Information address

AI.BEMARLK IMMIGRATION CO.,
9am'l B. Woons Pres Charlottesville, Va

Mention the Southern Planter when
corresponding with advertisers.

490

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

WARNER'S

Correspondence School

At Bradford, Pa., teaches SHORTHAND,
BOOKKEEPING and PENMANSHIP by mail.
Write now.

SECRET

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMER?
AND THBIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly lick,
$20 weekly accident and (2,000 death benefit
and |50 old age pension. Organizers waster.
good pay. KNIOHTS OF AGRICULT17RK
Waahiagton, D. C.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Qreat Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - ' $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.26

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIROS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducki, SwanB. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes, Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,
718 Tweltth St. N. W.. Washington. 0. C.

FOR SALE
EXCHANGE

$100.00 buys a fine 4-year (Roan) SHORT
HORN BULL; or will exchange for 3 Red
Poll one year old heifers, entitled to regis-
tration. The bull is of kindly disposition.
OCCONEECHEE FARM. Durham, N. C.

FOR SALE OR TRADE,

A large, handsome trotting stallion; cheap
for cash or will trade for thoroughbred or
draft stock. Will pay boot if your horses are
worth more than mine. PERCIVAL HICKS,
North, Matthews county. Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

All prices and sizes. Free list od applicative
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

WASHINGTON NOTES.

Secretary Wilson is a strong friend
of the American beet. He has great
faith in the sugar beet as a sugar
proposition and as an adjunct to both
the live stock and dairy industries.
The ordinary beet sugar factory is
enormously expensive, costing from
half a million dollars up, and the ques-
tion of getting the beet pulp, after the
sugar is extracted, back to the farm to
be utilized as stock feed is a serious
one. In probably the majority of
cases it cannot be done economically.
Many of the beets are shipped into the
big factories from far distant farms,
some of them a hundred miles away
and it is obviously impracticable to
ship the pulp back for feed. But the
Secretary's beet sugar experts are
looking into the feasability of estab-
lishing numerous small plants at a
cost of a comparatively few thousand
dollars in which the preliminary pro-
cess of sugar extraction can be accom-
plished, in other words, where crude
beet sugar can be made. If his idea
^can be worked out in practice it will
mean a wonderful advance in both
American sugar making and cattle
feeding.

"For instance," said he, "if they
could have one big refining factory in
the middle of the State of Iowa and
then a great number of small plants
throughout the State to reduce the
beets to crude sugar it would enable
the farmers to utilize their pulp to
great advantage and would tremen-
dously stimulate sugar beet growing.

"Another thing, these great facto-
ries, as they are operated now, can
make sugar for only a few months
each year; then they must shut down
until the next crop, during which pe-
riod a large investment of capital is
idle. If the little factories can do the
work of raw manufacturing, the big
refinery can be run the year around
as the capacity of the refinery will be
regulated according to the output of
the small plants. With the small
plants well distributed the beet pulp
could all be utilized for stock feed; it
can be kept in silos as well as can corn
fodder or other green feed. Have you
seen our late bulletin on beet pulp?"

"Yes," I answered, though I did not
admit that I had not read it.

"Well, that tells you all about the
value of beet pulp. But this other mat-
ter is just an idea. There is nothing
to say about it. I am just starting
some inquiries."

All of which is very modest in Mr.
Wilson, but it is this sort of initiative
effort which has brought the Amer-
ican Department of Agriculture into
worldwide prominence and has made it
the foremost agricultural bureau of
the globe.

"The most we are doing now in
beets," he continued, "is in growing
beet seed. We must grow all our own
seed in this country. We will keep
home half a million dollars a year and
we will have better seed. We can

Kills 'em Quick

l Magic |

Death 3

I Powder*

CaaaaaaaaaaaaaaJ

NOT A POISON, but a remarkable discov-
ery which is very effective in causing stupe-
faction and death to all kinds of Insects in-
fecting Poultry, Animals, Plants and Houses.
Put up in a box ingeniously arranged for con-
veniently dusting or blowing the powder
where wanted.

Send 25c. to MAGIC FOOD CO., Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., and get a box by mail. A
beautiful picture In colors suitable for fram-
ing given FREE with each order during the
next 30 days. Rid your Chickens of Lice,
Pet Animals of Fleas, etc. Your House of
Bed Bugs, Flies and Mosquitoes, by the use
of MAGIC DEATH POWDER.

KILL THE LICE

on your poultry and stock with Gib-
son's Liquid Lice Killer, no greasing,
no dusting: prominent farmers and poul-
trymen using it in every State.

Your money back if not satisfactory.
Gallon can $1.00. Trial can 25c.

GIBSON & LAMB,

West Alexander, Pa.

COOPER

& SHEEP DIP

Standard of the World

for 60 years. Used on 250 millions an-
nually. One dipping kills Ticks, Lice
and Nits. No smell. Keeps flock clean a
long time. Increases growth ol wool.
Dipping Tanks at cost.
Send lor Pamphlet to Chicago.
If local druggists cannot supply, send
$1.75 for $2.00 (100 gal.) pkt. to
JOHNSON & STOKES, Philadelphia, Pa.
O. A. KELLY & CO., Pittsburg, Pa.
WM. COOPER &NEPHEWS, Chicago, III.

Walnut Wanted.

I pay cash for black walnut tree forks or
crotches; should be dry and none or very
little worm eaten. Let me know what you
have, many or few. Might buy stumps If
well trimmed down. I pay freight. HYDE,
Box 681, Richmond, Va.

g% A J_l For full par-

Go South, sf

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

491

Sp<&¥ilt

Bone Spavin, Bor 9pavin. Ringbone
any kiud of blemish— we have what you
need toinakeacertain cure. Guaranteed
always— money right back if it ever fails.

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid)

for the soft bunches— Paste for the hard
ones. A 45- minute application and the
lameness tjoes. Lots of blemiflh infor-
mation in the free book we send.

Fistula.

ar\d

>Poll Evil

_ . _ 3 Fistula or Poll Evil in fifteen
to thirty days.

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure

le a wonder— guaranteed to cure any

j— money back if it fails. No cutting—

near. Leaves the horse sound and

smooth. Write for our free book on

diseases and blemishes of horses.

FLEMING BROS., Chemists,

880 I'nlon Stock Yards, Chicago, I"

The Only Cow Food

Which removes Garlic,
Onion and Weed Taint
from Milk. Send for cir-
cular to
VA. CATTLE FOC D CO,

"^wiu

h-;rtS-

5eunrRf'n"" danville. virqim

FOR SALE BY

B. B. McGeorge, Richmond, Va.

W. H. Harrison Co., Petersburg, Va.

W. A. Miller & Son, T. A. Jennings & Co.
Lynchburg, Va.

R. G. Hiatt, L. Richardson Drug Co.
Greensboro, N. C.

Raleigh Milling Co., Raleigh, N. C.

J. M. Starr & Co., Yorkvllle, S. C.

T. J. Wills & Co., Charlottesville, Va.

Dr. L. S. Rlcketts, Orange, Va.

English Setter Puppies*

You had better get in line if you want
something fine, for sure there is nothing
better than a high bred English Setter. Now
booking orders for the best bred pups in
America. Home of the most fashionable
strains of Hunting dogs, Poultry and Stock.
The Cedars P. & S. Farm, WM, G. OWENS.
Midlothian, Va.

Edgewood Stock Farm.

SCOTCH COLLIES!

A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, full
white marks. Bred strong In blood of Chris-
topher, Barwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel.
Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers.
Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to
registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLE,
Maxwelton, W. Va.

POINTER PUPS,

for sale. I have a few veil bred ones, 6
weeks old; males. $10; females, $5. Write
for particulars. C. H. FLEMING, Highland
Park. Richmond, Va.

ARCADIA FARM.

COLLIES FOR sflLE

1 dog and 2 bitches, 2 and 3 years old re-
spectively; sable and white, all registered;
markings and blood of the best strains. Sell-
ing them to prevent inbreeding. E. M. BALL,
Emory, Va.

grow the best beet seed in the world,
as we grow the best beets."

"Better even than the German seed
of the long unpronouncable name?"

"O yes, far better. We can grow bet-
ter beets in America, richer in sugar,
and bigger tonnage per acre; American
farmers have grown beets with 28 per
cent, saccharine, and 38 tons per acre.
The question now lies with the farm-
ers. The average yield is far too low
— 8 tons per acre. Our people must
grow more tonnage. If we can grow
an average of 15 tons per acre we will
not then need any protective tariff —
15 tons an acre and 18 per cent, sugar.
That will beat the world."

"Even the Philippines, where they
can grow sugar for a cent a pound?"

"Yes, we can even let the bars down
for the Philippines, and that is com-
ing sometime, surely coming. The ad-
vantage which the farmers of our tem-
perate zone will have over the Philip-
pines, or Cuba or Hawaii is that while
their soil fertility will decrease with
a constant planting to a single crop,
our farmers will diversify their crops
and thus keep up the fertility of their
soil. Why even in Hawaii, now, they
are needing to use fertilizer very large-
ly. They have to send to Chile for ni-
trogen, to Florida for phosphate and
to Germany for potash and they have
to take over coal from British Colum-
bia to pump water for irrigation. Then
the question of transportation from
these countries is an item."

"How much of fact is there in the
statement made by the opponents of
the beet sugar industry that the
American farmer will never make a
successful beet grower, that he will
not get down on his hands and knees
nor permit his wife and children to do
so to tend the beet plants the way the
foreign growers do?"

"Nothing. Our early growers made
a blunder. They tried to cultivate
beets with the hoe. They imported
Europeans and had their beet crops
hoed and weeded by hand. The hoe
does not cultivate deep enough. After
the planting and the thinning, every-
thing should be done with the horse
cultivator."

The Bureau of Animal Industry has
prepared a short statement describing
an important discovery and treatment
for milk fever in cows, which, as a
matter of fact the author, Dr. John R.
Mohler, says is not a fever at all.
This affection of the udder which at-
tacks old nursing cows has heretofore
yielded in only about 60 cases out of
a hundred to what is known as the
iodide treatment. The new treatment
is simply injecting sterilized air into
the udder, an extremely simple and in-
expensive operation, but which proves
successful in 97 per cent, of the cases
treated. It has been extensively prac-
ticed by the manager of the Biltmore
estate and is in general usage in the
Island of Jersey.

The Congressional resolution to
print 100,000 "horse books" fell by the

Warranted

to give satisfaction

GOMBAULT'S

CAUSTIC BALSAM

positive cure for

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock,
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs,
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.
Removes all Bunches from Horses or
Cattle.

press, charges paid. with full directions for Its
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-
nials, etc. Address
TEE LA WRENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.

IT'S
GOOD

For every horse, cow, hog
or sheep" and it is the only
remedy which they take
voluntarily and relish,

Blackman's
Medicated
Salt Brick

is the best stock remedy
made (being- the formula
of a celebrated veterina-
rian) and being- so pleas
t to take, on account of the salt taste, does
away with all trouble of dosing-, drenching
and mixing with feed. It is uuequaled as a
blood purilier, aider of digestion andgent
system regulator. Thousands endorse it.
Specif t Offer —We will. --end four
brick, prepaid to any address upon
receipt of $1 * [\ v hich will be cli
fully refunded if you are not

Pin every way pleased.
>ld by dealers. BLACKMAN
r0CK* REMEDY CO., 927 High-
nd Park, Chattanooga. Tfnn.

NEWTON'S Hew, Coagh, Dii
temper and Indigestion

thfro&t aod stomach in

rong recommend; J1.00 pel

Q. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid.

he Newton Remedy Co.,

Toledo, Ohio.

No More Blind Horses

For Specific Opthalmla,

Moon Blndness and other

I eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City. la. have a sure

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires. Sable and ivhite and tri-
colors. Prices. 88 to 515. Olderonescorrespond-
lngly low- Book on Training. 50 cents: Fbek if
von buy a Collie.
MAPLEMONTSTOCK FABM, South Athol.Mass.

492

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

July,

White Leghorns.

Half Price, $1 p«r sitting' of 15.
C. G. M. FINK, R. F. D. No. 2.

Richmond, Va.

EGGS for HATCHING.

75c. Per Sitting of IS.
Light Brahmas, Black Mlnorcas,
S. L. Wyandottes, Barred and W.
Rocks, Brown Leghorns S. and R. C;
White Leghorns S. C.

A few more Leghorn and Minorca
Cockerels left. J. B. JOHNSON. Ma-
nassas, Va. Clovkb Hill Fakm.

CHOICE

Of 48 Varieties Best Poultry. Pine, large Il-
lustrated descriptive Poultry Book postpaid
oaly 6c. Price list FREE!. Write now
JOHN E HEATWOLE. Prop. Valley Poultry
Farms. Harrisonburg, Va.

WALSHS

Barred Plymouth RocKs

High class combination utility and
exhibition stock. Beet blood. Bred
from prolific layers of large br.wa
eggs. Eggs, J1.60 per 15.

L. W. WALSH,

Box 194. Lynchburg, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING

STRAWBERRY HILL POUL-
TRY YARDS— B. P. Rocks, S.
'-' B. Leghorns, si. 00 for i\

Genuine Aristocrats

Taken 1st prize throughout 7
State*

Box 287, Richmond, Va.

BARGAINS

for months June and July, WHITE
WYANDOTTE eggsS, S.00 per 100.

EDOEHONT POULTRY YARDS.
J0H> a. reedv, Prop. Liberty Mills, Va.

ANGORA GOATS SST?« ""

cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Cliffy. Kj.

wayside last session of Congress and
the consequence is that the Depart-
ment of Agriculture has received hun-
dreds of requests for this bulletin
which it cannot meet, the Depart-
ment's own funds available for its pub-
lication having been exhausted.

The government horse book and the
cow book appear to be in wide demand
among farmers. These volumes are
obtainable only from Congressmen
and Senators. "TVe have had to re-
fuse thousands of requests for these
books," said Mr. G. F. Thompson, the
editor of the Bureau of Animal In-
dustry. "I presume if we had them
we could dispose of a hundred thou-
sand copies of each a year. They seem
to be extensively read."

The cow book is now being revised
and enlarged by the Bureau, prior to
the publication of another edition.

Some of the State Experiment sta-
tions are issuing their annual bulle-
tins containing spraying formulae. For
spraying certain annual crops it may
not be too late to begin, though it
should be remembered that spraying
against fungous diseases of fruit Is a
preventive treatment and not a remedy
and that the application of Bordeaux
mixture, etc., should have been made
much earlier in the season. Of course
spraying to kill insects, such as the
potato beetles and plant lice is not
necessary until the pests make their
appearance. If there are no State
agricultural publications obtainable on
this subject, the Department of Agri-
culture has a comprehensive farmers'
bulletin which will be supplied any
farmer on application.

From the experiment station report
of the Department of Agriculture it is
learned that German experiments have
been made upon cerebrospinal menin-
gitis in horses, due to certain micro-
organisms. These were destroyed by
the subjection of the bacilli to a tem-
perature of 146 F. It must thus be in-
ferred that horses if sufficiently par-
boiled can be cured of this dangerous
disease.

Consul-General Guenther to Ger-
many reports the following figures of
government aid to agriculture:

Russia $24,000,000

France. Australia and Hun-
gary (each) 8,500,000

United States 6,000.000

Japan 2.500.000

In proportion to the area of culti-
vated soil Austria pays the highest
amount followed by Hungary, then
France, then Russia, then the United
States. Mr. Guenther does not men-
tion the proportion paid by Japan
which is evidently much larger than
that of the United States, since only
about twenty-five per cent, of Japan's
area is cultivatable. Japan's total
area is about the same as that of Mon-
tana.

The exports of bread stuffs for the
fiscal year ending the first of July will
be the smallest for many years. For
the eleven months ended June first

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. T., 4 out of S.
Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., I
straight. Roanoke. Va.. S out of 9. Akron,
la., 2 straights. Eggs. $2 per sitting. Youmg
trios, quaU size, $3.

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

Piedmont Poultry Place,

"Handles notbing' but the best."

We now offer Pore-bred POLAND-CHINA
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 weeks
old. Single pig S6: per pair S10: per trio, $14.
Some ready for shipment May 15th. First or-
ders get best pigs.

Miss E. Callie Giles. Prop.,
Whittles Dspot, Va.

Meadow Brook
SHROPSHIRES.

For sale; very fine one and two year old
pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very
nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS. Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

HAMPSHIRE DOWN
=SHEEP=

We have sold all of our 1 and 2 year old
Hampshire Rams, but have a GRAND LOT
OF LAMBS for next year's trade. MEADOW
BROOK FARM, J. D. THOMAS, Round Hill,
Va.

DORSET RAM

for sale at a sacrifice. If taken at once; Is
registered, and his breeding and Individuality
are the best. ELKTON STOCK FARM,
Forest Depot, Va.

DORSETSMJ2
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONG. Lantz Mills. Va.

Woodland Farm

oilers the best lot of October dropped
Dorset Ram lambs which
it has ever raised.

I. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg. 0.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We have for *ale at present, some splendid

DORSET RAM LAMBS.

For prices, etc. address

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

493

Berkshire Hogs!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
of New Era ; his sire Rockland Gen-
try, champion of America in 1903; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, flodel Lee IX,
sireQov. Lee, champion of America in
1589, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices.

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C.

BERKSHIRE PIGS

j& FOR. SALE ;&

We have on our Hollybrook Farm a fine
lot of young Berkshire Pigs from 8 to 12
weeks old, for sale. These pigs are from
registered stock, and are first-class in every
respect. Our pigs have free range, with fine
stream of running water through the hog
pastures, and our stock is as vigorous and
healthy as possible. Price either for boar or
sow pigs. $5 each, crated and delivered on
cars, or to express office at Richmond. Ad-
dress orders to HENRY W. WOOD, Box 330,
Richmond, Va.

BerKsKires

Best ENGLISH and AMERICAN blood.
Herd Boars: Columbus Lee VIII (brother of
Combination); Workman of W. (sire. Jack
of all Trades). Stock for sale at prices YOU
CAN AFFORD TO PAY. H. W. FUGATE,
Fugate's Hill, Russell county, Va.

BERKSHIRES

Some fine young Boars and Sows for sale.
Pure Biltmore blood, by MASON OF BILT-
MORE II (68548), a son of Loyal Mason, and
a grandson of the famous Loyal Berks.
Splendid testimonials from my customers.
Write for further information. ROBERT
HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

BEECHENBROOK STOCK FARM

High class registered
BERKSHIRE PIQS, ready
for immediate delivery.

PRICES REASONABLE,

WILLIAMSON TALLEY,
Richmond, Va.

Hawksley Stock Farm,

has a few fine young BERKSHIRE BOARS
to sell. No more pigs until August 1st, also
a few half bred DORSET HORNED BUCK
LAMBS. J. T. OLIVER. Prop. Allen's Level,
Va.

A nest Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

they were but $138,000,000 against
$199,000,000 for last year and in the
neighborhood of $250,000,000 each for
the years 1899, 1900 and 1901. For the
past May they were but $4,700,000
against $15,800,000 last year and
$25,700,000 in the banner May of 1901.

In proportion to the population Hun-
gary contributes most — over eight
cents per capita while the amount of
the United States is less than one cent.

Exports of cattle, sheep and hogs
for the fiscal year ending July 1, 1904,
will be over $40,000,000. For the first
eleven months of this year they were
$39,000,000, an increase of $13,000,000
over the corresponding period of 1903.
The average for the past five years
has been $27,000,000.

The more of such finished concen-
trated farm products shipped abroad
with a consequent increase in farm
fertility left at home, the better for
American agriculture.

Guy B. Mitchell.

LOUDOUN CO., VA.
Editor Southern Planter, Richmond,

Va.

Dear Sir. — I send you under sepa-
rate cover a description and premium
list of the Colt Show recently held in
this county at Leesburg, Va.

We are having a very wet June.
Hay crop is likely to be the largest
for past 10 years. Corn is looking
well with mostly good stands. Not
more than half crop of wheat, and har-
vest will be from one week to ten
days later than usual. A full crop
of cherries, large crop of peaches, ap-
ple crop almost a failure, abundance
of pasture.

July and August cattle selling from
$4.25 to $5.25 per cwt.; lambs selling
from $4.00 to $4.50 each.

This is a strictly stock country and
I hope I can benefit the Southern
Planter by reporting from this coun-
ty (Loudoun).

Very resypectfully,

J. D. Thomas,
Meadow Brook Farm.

June 20th, 1904.

CATTLE STANCHION.

Mr. Wallace B. Crumb, Forestville,
Conn., is offering in another column
the Warriner Patent Chain Hanging
Cattle Stanchion. In offering this
stanchion to the public, Mr. Crumb
does so with the absolute confidence
that it will please any farmer or
dairyman who will investigate its
merits. There are numerous points of
merit which are attractively set forth
in a neat little pamphlet. It will be
mailed free on application.

We take pleasure in advising all
those who have the cleanliness and
physical comfort of their animals at
heart to get into communication with
Mr. Crumb at once.

Mention the Solthebn Planter In
writing.

RINGWOOD STOCK FARM.

BERKSHIRES

an<

POLAND CHINAS

for future delivery. I offer 7 Berkshire Pigs
from Reg. Parents and 7 pure bred Poland-
China Pigs, not registered, but as fine as the
finest. Both litters farrowed May 23, 1304.
For price, etc., apply to C. A. WILLIAMS,
Prop., Ringwood, N. C.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

CKoice Poland-CKinas.

Sunshine and Free Coin-
age Blood.

Choice 2 1-2 months pigs.. Either sex— ready
for shipment. $7 each. Eligible to registry
and guaranteed O. K. Buy the best. It pays
to do so. E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va.

Essex and Poland China

pigs from S weeks to 4
months old, An extra
choice lot. Also some
choice Southdown and
Hampshiredown sheep
and lambs. For prices,
address
L. Q. JONES, Tobaccovllle, N. C.

Poland China Pigs

for sale. High grade, registered stock; first
class in every particular. Correspondence In-
vited. R. A. MAPP, Bivalve, Va.

Registered p-

Berkshire,
C. Whites. Fine large
strains. All ages, mated
not a iu, 8 week, pigs.
Bred sows. Service boara -
and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular.
P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranvllle, Cheater Co., Pa.

FAMOUS O. I. C. SWINE.

Mortgage Lifters— the hog for profit. Excel
all others In vigor, health, strength of con-
stitution, bone and muscle. Large litters,
large gains, gentle dispositions, grand milk-
ers, good feeders, thrive In any climate
Good ones, 3 months old, for sale. Reg.
Stock. Prices low for quality. MANSFIELD
FARM W. ELLIOT HAMMOND, Goochland
C. H„ Va.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va.

rVlaplewood Herd

of Berkshires.

Choice Individuals. Selectly bred. Write
for prices, stating your wants. JOHN P.
TUCKER, Smyrna, Tenn.

494

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

OAK-HILL FARM

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY

AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-

TLE, BERKSHIRE HOGS,

— FOR SALE —

8ho£PnD? ^'1' 0?k-H>». Va., (Station on farm)

on D. & W. Ry. lo miles west of Danville. Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTOX,

Wenonda, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM ^~
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Foil Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset. Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In beat of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, CentrevUle, Md.

ONE REGISTERED

HEREFORD BULL

calf, 10 months old for sale, or will exchange
for a heifer.

W. J. HcCANDLESS Brandy Station, V«.

Lebanon, Ind.
J. N. SHIRLEY, Hereford Cattle Breeder.

Good stock at "live and let
live" prices.

A son of DALE, the $10,000.00
bull, at head of herd.

INCULATED ALFALFA soil
and seed for sale, seed, 18c lb,
$10 per bu. ; Soil, 75c 100 lbs ■
$10 ton.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A line lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and big
BLACK SPANISH

Jacks and Jennets;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks; young stock for
■ale at all times.
m Write or see me be-
fore you buy. come to Kentucky If yon
want a good Jack. JOE E. WRIGHT, Junc-
tion City, Ky.

MACHINERY FOR FARM AND MILL.

A Well-known Line of Machinery on
Exhibit at the St. Louis Exposition.
The exhibit of the A. B. Farquhar
Co. in the Palace of Agriculture at the
St. Louis Exposition, comprising en-
gines, boilers, threshers, saw mills and
agricultural machinery, is a revela-
tion in mechanical improvement. Even
the last year has seen some remarkable
advances along this line. For in-
stance, the Farquhar Co. are exhibit-
ing the only mechanical log turner in
the world that can be used with a
portable mill. This effects great econ-
omy and consequent profit in opera-
tion.

While the Farquhar Co. build all
styles and sizes of engines, they make
a specialty of engines for agricultural
work; and it is a noteworthy fact that
no case is known of a Farquhar boiler
having exploded.

The threshing machines, grain drills
and other agricultural machinery ex-
hibited, possess unique features of
merit that make them worthy of care-
ful inspection.

To those who cannot see this ex-
hibit at the fair, the next best thing
is to possess a catalogue describing
and illustrating this machinery just
as it is. The A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd..
York, Pa., will send one free tor the
asking. It is worth having.

GOOD FOR YOUNG PIGS.
Bolton Landing, N. Y., June 14, 1904.
Jos. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

Dear Sir: Your Hog Remedy is all
right. When I received it I had two
litters of small pigs that had been sick
for about two weeks with the scours,
and had lost two pigs from each lit-
ter. I began feeding the Remedy as
soon as I received it and have lost
none since. It has straightened them
right out and they are well now. The
mother of one of the litters was taken
sick about the same time as the pigs;
she was lame in her hind parts and
could hardly get around, but through
the use of your Remedy she is doing
well now. I think it a good remedy
and recommend it to all hog raisers.
I tried other remedies before I got
yours but they did no good. Please
send me three more half cans as I do
not want to get out of it again.

Charles Roberts.

The Lawrence Williams Co., Cleve-
land. Ohio.

Gentlemen: In March last, I or-
dered a bottle of Gombault's Caustic
Balsam to be used on a colt with Bog
Spavin that I had used other remedies
on, without success. I have cured it
with three applications of Balsam.

You requested me to write the re-
sults of its use. I consider it the best
blister made. Yours truly,

W. F. Jordan,
Livery Feed and Sale Stable, Monti-
cello, Ga.

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

SHORTHORN

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOGE, Hamilton, Va.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 1Mo4(\ 1st prize aged bull at Radford Fair,
1'ciuug Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence invited.

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

SHORT HORN BULLS for sale, from 3 to

20 mos. old; Blred by VERBENA'S CHAMP-
ION, No. 129881, and ROYAL CHIEF. No.
185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring
pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible
to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

Ready for
Service;

Bred from Registered Stock, Imported
from Canada.
I. H LAREW, Newbern.Va.

Red Poll Bull

Calf 11 months old, pure bred and regis-
tered for sale. Price. $50 f. o. b. cars Chrls-
tlansburg, Va. Address

H. K. FOSTER,

Blacksburg, Va.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

4^^^1^^—^Ba^ Has for sale a large mini-
4H iwl ber nl nlce voung regls-

^^■fl ^m tered A. J. C. C.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the moet noted and up-to-date bleoa
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old JJt
S,8^™-. "me **•• ♦S6- POLAND CHINA
PIGS. Jd each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop." Battleboro. N. C.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

The Woodside=

Jersey Herd.

Bull Calves and Yearlings
Richly Bred.

DAVID ROBERTS, . = Moorestown, N. J.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 495

v «*«<«««<<« «.*« t« «« « <t« <<<««««<< r <««*<«««< ««;«*<*.« <«<<titjK«j»«*:«*jr3t

BlLl MORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. jp * *

QOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMEEIOA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with aa individuality
that wins in the show rinf .

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.

* * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last t>ro seasons. If you want winners vou
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmozb, n. c.

2

*

Eggs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

*♦ mP Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^a ^
^ ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^ ^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .' .' .• Staunton, Va

496

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

COTTAQE VALLEY STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

:FOR SALE:

jja We offer the following very
fine stock at very low prices ;
7-8 and 15-16 GKADE ANGUS
bull calves ; one bull calf out of
Short-horn cow, by our Angus
Herd Bull ; Registered and high
grade Angus Heifer Calves ;
Splendid Buck Lambs out of
Shropshire Ewes by Reg. Dorset
Buck ; several fine family milch
cows, fresh, young and gentle.

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, Saxe, Va.
ABERDEEN-ANGUS Bull Calves.

I offer for sale two pure bred bulls of the
above breed, born Dec. 15, and Jan. 30 re-
spectively, sired by my registered bull
ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR. No. 40364, and out
•f pure bred but unregistered cows. The
Dec. 16 calf Is full brother to one sold last
leason to Mr. Beard, of Moffatts Creek, Au-
gusta county. The other Is out of my larg-
est cow and very promising. These calves
will be kept with their dams until nine
months old. $50 each.

I have also a fine registered bull calf that
will be ready for delivery In February. J100
No females sold.

B. F. DAY. Glasgow, Va.

GREENFIELD HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle.

Baron Ida, 20184 (Champion yearling, 1!
firsts, 17 times In 1st prize herd, 4 firsts oi
produce of sire and 3 times at head of grasU
sweepstakes herd) at head of herd.

The females In this herd are prize wlnnen
or the Immediate descendants of prize wla-
mers sired by such noted bulls as Champlor.
Lord Hillhurst. Beau Forbes H., by Beat
BUI (champion of the West for two years*
Cham. Baron Ida, Ludolph 4th, Rustler 2d.

Choice calveB from the above cows Blred
by Baron Ida, Encouragement 48382, a»<
Erard 65380.

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANGUS
CATTLE.

FOE 8ALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months oW, up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

ROSEDALE HIRD —

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

C holce bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. oM. Pries* a*
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence Invited.

ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jefferson tea
Va.

NAMES OF FERTILIZING ELE-
MENTS.
(Continued from last month.)
All agricultural plants consist essen-
tially of ten chemical elements, the
proportions of which vary quite widely
with different plants. By the term ele-
ment is meant an individual substance
which cannot he divided into two dif-
ferent substances. These ten elements
are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, cal-
cium, magnesium, iron, sulfur, nitro-
gen, phosphorus and potassium.

Carbon usually constitutes about 40
per cent, of the dry plant. It is ob-
tained by the plant from the inexhaust-
ible supply of carbon dioxid which is
contained in the air. This compound,
carbon dioxid, is absorbed by the plant
through the leaves or other green
parts.

Hydrogen and oxygen are the two
elements of which water is composed
and they are obtained by the plant
chiefly in this form, the compound
water being absorbed by the plant
roots. The hydrogen and oxygen usu-
ally comprise more than 50 per cent,
of the plant. Many of the important
constituents found in plants consist
entirely of only carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen. This is the case with sugar,
starch, cellulose or fiber and most fats
or oils.

The four elements, calcium, magne-
sium, iron and sulfur, are obtained
only from the soil, but the amounts of
these elements required by plants are
very small compared with the quanti-
ties which practically all soils contain,
consequently none of those four ele-
ments is likely to become deficient in
the soil.

The three remaining elements, nitro-
gen, phosphorus and potassium, are
required by most agricultural plants in
very considerable quantities, and they
are quite limited amounts, consequently
if crops are grown and removed from
the land for a long series of years the
supply of one or more of these three
elements is liable to become so greatly
reduced that the crop yields become
smaller than were produced on the vir-
gin soil, ultimately the yield becoming
so greatly reduced that cropping ceases
to be profitable. In such cases the
yield of the crop can usually be more
or less increased by applying to the
soil that one of these three elements
which is most deficient in the soil.

Because of these facts materials con-
taining considerable amounts of one
or more of these three elements have
come to have a commercial value. Thus
sodium nitrate, which is found in large
quantities in Chile, is valued for the
nitrogen it contains; bones and rock
phosphate are valued for the phospho-
rus they contain, and potassium chlorid
and potassium sulfate, obtained from
the very extensive mines in Germany,
are valued for the element potassium
which they contain.

Nitrogen in sodium nitrate is valued
at about 15 cents a pound, phosphorus
in fine ground steamed bonemeal at

about 12 cents a pound and potassium
in potassium chlorid at about 6 cents a
pound. These three elements of plant
food, nitrogen, phosphorus and potas-
sium, are contained in ordinary com-
mercial fertilizers. If all three are
present the material is then called a
complete fertilizer. If only one or two
of the elements are present it is called
an incomplete fertilizer.

In general farming we have practi-
cally no use for any so-called complete
fertilizer. First, because by means of
leguminous crops, such as clover, stock
peas, soy beans, vetch and alfalfa, we
can obtain nitrogen from the inexhaust-
ible supply of the air, usually at a cost
of not more than 1 cent a pound, and
consequently it would be absurd to pay
15 cents a pound for commercial nitro-
gen; and, second, because a soil rarely
becomes deficient in both phosphorus
and potassium. Generally applications
of the one which is most needed will
give about as good results and much
greater profit than both together.

Although it is only the element it-
self which possesses any value for the
plant, yet the plant can make use of
the element in many different forms or
compounds; indeed, plants cannot use
these elements if applied in the free

M

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

| Registered and grades, of all ages
land sexes, and of champion blood
■ for the beef and milk strains and
[ai moderate prices Also Nursery
stock of all descriptions.
MVER & SON, Bridgeville, Delaware

3 Registered
ANGUS = BULL5

9 months, 1 and 2 years old, for sale. Also
half dozen Shropshire Buck lambs, Septem-
ber delivery. This Is all fine stock and north
of quarantine line. S. S. HEPBURN, Ash-
land, Va.

The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG.

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON

LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R..
Baltimore and Ohio R. K.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.

Between all Points via Richmond, Va.

Fast Mail. Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. G-en'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR, TrafBc Manager.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

497

or uncombined state. They must be
present in some suitable compound.
If a soil is deficient in potassium that
element could be supplied in the form
of potassium chlorid. a compound of
the two elements, potassium and chlo-
rin, containing in the common market
grade about 42 per cent, of potassium;
or the potassium could be supplied as
potassium sulfate, a compound of po-
tassium, sulfur and oxygen (the ending
-ate always indicates oxygen in a
chemical compound) which usually
contains about 40 per cent, of potas-
sium. Kainit, a crude mineral con-
taining about 10 per cent, of potas-
sium, is also sometimes used to supply
that element. Of course the value of
any of these materials depends prima-
rily on the percentage of potassium it
contains. As a rule potassium can be
obtained more cheaply in potassium
chlorid than in any other form.

Phosphorus is commonly obtained in
the form of calcium phosphate, a com
pound of the three elements calcium,
phosphorus and oxygen, as the name
indicates. In perfectly pure form this
compound contains 20 per cent, of
phosphorus, but it cannot be obtained
commercially in pure form. Good
steamed bonemeal contains from 60 to
65 per cent, of calcium phosphate — that
is, from 12 to 13 per cent, of the ele-
ment phosphorus. A good quality of
ground rock phosphate also contains
about 12 to 13 per cent, of phosphorus.
If the steamed bonemeal costs $30 a
ton the phosphorus costs 12 cents a
pound. If the ground rock phosphate
costs $7.50 a ton the phosphorus in
that material costs 3 cents a pound.
Steamed bonemeal is known to be one
of the very best forms of phosphorus
and bonemeal is also a farm product,
but the ground rock phosphate is a
very much cheaper form of phospho-
rus, although it is considered much
less readily available in the soil. How
ever, if equal values (not equal quan-
tities) of ground rock phosphate and
steamed bonemeal be used on different
plots and both in connection with farm
manure or clover or other leguminous
fertilizers it is very probable that the
rock phosphate will give as good re-
sults within two or three years and
much better results if the applications
are continued year after year.

Cyril G. Hopkins.

University of Illinois.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Broad & 9tb Sts., RICHMOND, VA

Commercial. Stenographic. Telegraphic aod Eog- Dcpts. Ladies & gentlerrjeo- Mo vacations.
"It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac Rlver."--PHa>*. Stenographer.
"When I reached Richmond. I Inaulred of several business rnen for the best Business College
In the city. and. without exception, they all recommended Smlthdeal's as the best "-W.

E. Ross, Law Stenographer. Richmond. Bookkeeping, Shorthand, Writing, taugnt by mall.

We Are Still in the Business ...

"HILL TOP" Stock at Shadwell, Va.

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for
sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock.

Southdown and SHropsHire SHeep, BerKsHire Hogs
and B. B. R. Game CKicKens.

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we have a few left ; will have a fine
lot ready to ship by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old friends and
are always glad to make new ones.

We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County Fairs
than all other breeders in Virginia combined.

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va.

glen r-rn ■ nuT

Importer and Breeder of

Polled Durham Cattle,
Southdown SHeep and
Poland China Hogs.

Polled Durbams are Shorthorns with the horns
bred off. They are all either red or roan. Buy
a Polled Durham and lay aside the bloody de.
homer.

JNO. S. FUNK, Singers Glen, Rockingham Co., Va

TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA

Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice
POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

POLAND CHINAS.

Choice Pigs, Boars, Oilts and Bred Sows
tine breeding and individuality; also of

SHROPSHIRE RAMS.

Pedigrees furnished : stock guaranteed
. as represented and if not satiafact< ry. may
" be returned at my expense. Prices low.
J. P. DURRETTE. Birdwood, Albemarle Co., Va.

FOR SALE-

90 EWES AND GRADE LAMBS

This flock includes 3 REGISTERED SHROPSHIRE BUCKS and 2 REGISTERED EWES;
some common ewes ; the bulk being grade Shropshires ; also, 20 HEAD GRADE SHORTHORN
CATTLE, all ages. 1 McCormick Corn Harvester, almost new, $75.00.

BULLFIELD FARMS, Doswell, Va.

498

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

CANNING FBUIT AND VEGETABLES.

In the June number of the South-
ern Planter there is a request from
a subscriber in Pittsylvania for re
clpes for canning snaps and tomatoes,
and as I have been very successful in
putting up these as well as other veg-
etables and fruits I concluded to de-
vote the space allotted to "Good
Housekeeping" to telling just how we
do it.

SNAPS.

Gather the snaps before they begin
to be tough, string them and prepare
just as if you were going to have them
for dinner. Cover them with cold
water and let them boil until nearly
done, then to four gallons of the snaps
add one ounce of tartaric acid, fill the
glass jars just as full as possible out
of the boiling pot screw on the top at
once and keep them in a dark place.
When you want to use them open the
jar. pour off th^ water, wash carefully
and let them soak in clear cold water
for an hour, and then boil them with
meat and you can't tell that they are
not fresh from the vines. They never
spoil and there is no bad effect from
the acid if you are careful about the
soaking. AVe have used them on our
table for years done just this way.
tomatoes.

Gather the tomatoes before they are
soft, but they must be thoroughly
ripe. Pour boiling water over them
and the skin slips off easily. Break
them up and let them boil for about
twenty minutes very hard, fill glass
jars just as full as they will hold and
screw the tops on while at boiling
point, screw them tight and when they
are cold screw them again and set
them in a dark closet and you will
hardly ever lose a can. These are for
baking and for stews and such, but if
you want them to serve whole with
dressing, select firm tomatoes of uni-
form size and peel them with hot
water very carefully. Pack them
whole into either tin or glass jars and
put in all the juice that has run from
them and fill the jar with water,
screw on the tops but not very tight,
and set the jars into a boiler of cold
water, (if you use glass jars put some
hay or pieces of thin plank in the bot-
tom of the boiler to prevent breaking
the jars) let them come to a boil and
boil steadily for half an hour, then
open and let the steam escape, fill with
boiling water and screw up as tight as
you can, return to the water and boil
for an hour. When you take them out
screw them up again and after they
are cold do it again. These will take
the place of a salad in the winter and
taste very much like the fresh ones.

TOMATOES AND CORN.

Prepare the tomatoes as for can-
ning and let them boil till nearly done
then add to each gallon of the tomatoes
about three pints of corn. The corn
must be very young and tender, cut it
from the cob and stir it in with the
tomatoes, let it boil about twelve min-

Duntreath

■ "Bred-in-the-Vurple.

"The
Very "Best"—

The ivfiole story in
three --words I

Berkshires . . .

Extra Choice Young Stock now ready for Shipment.
Large number of Litters of the best English and Ameri-
can breeding. MONEY CANNOT BUY BETTER!

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

SHIRE PIGS

now ready f"r shipment ; 10 to 12 weeks
old, from directly imported s \vs or from
sows of imported blood on both sides !
sired by my 4 UNSURPASSED HERD
HEADER BOARS f<om N. BeDjafield,
C. Colli"* Smith, James Lawrence and
K. W. Hudson all of England. BRED
SOWS, GILTS and ready-for-service
BOARS. Prices as low or lower than
ihose of anv other STANDARD breeders, novices Dot reckoned.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock FamUEXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

Pur cell ville, Va .

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the VERY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered. Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Far

Warreaton. N. C.

THE - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN, Jr., Prop.,

We breed and ship the best strains of

La?M ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

Send us your order and get the best.

I coming 2 rear old JBRSEY HEIFERS tor
sale; alio 2 fine Jersey Cows; 1 yearling heifer,
a perfect beauty. Write for price.

ALEX. HARMAN, M(r.,Uxloiton, Va.

A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

499

ANNEFIELD FARMS

BERKSHIRES » HEREFORDS

PLACE ORDERS NOW FOR SPRING PIGS

and get choice selections. A few Fall pigs at a bargain
if sold at once. Prices reasonable. ■& ■& ■& ■& ■& ■&

EDWARD G. BUTLER.

Briggs, Clarke Co., Virginia.

utes longer and fill the can, taking care
that the mixture is boiling hot and
that the cans are well filled. Screw on
the tops at once.

CORN.

The corn to can must be just as ten-
der as possible as the process tough-
ens it. With a sharp knife cut it
from the cob and weigh it carefully,
put it into a kettle with enough water
to cover and let it boil twenty min-
utes, then to ten pounds add one ounce
of tartaric acid, let it boil a minute or
two and fill the jars heaping full.
Screw the tops tight and keep in a
dark place. Be sure to soak the corn
before using and you will find it as
fresh as if just gathered. I have
never known of any harm from using
the acid, and it is the surest and eas-
iest preservative I have found. Green
peas may be canned in the same way
and are a great help in the winter,
especially in the country where we
have no market to depend on. Plant
a late patch and can them,
soup MIXTURE.

Peel and chop a half bushel of to-
matoes. Let them boil and add to
them a peck of chopped okra, and one
gallon of finelv chopped onion. Let
these boil hard and stir carefully to
keep from burning until all is re-
duced to a thick jam, then add a cup
of celery seed, three-fourths of a cup
of black pepper and let it boil awhile
longer. Fill the glass jars and when
it is cold screw on the tops or you
may put it into a stone jar and when
it is cold pour over it melted lard, half
inch thick, tie up and keep in a cool
place. A cup of this will season and
thicken a pot of soup, and it is fine to
dress broiled steak with. If you are
not so fortunate as to have a row of
okra in your garden use the tomatoes
and onions this year and make a note
of it, so that the okra will be ready
next year. It is easy to raise and adds
so much to the comfort of living, sum-
mer and winter.

BRUNSWICK STEW.

Corn and tomatoes and butter beans,
if stewed together and canned give
you Brunswick stew all the year
round. You only have to add the
chicken and potatoes and season as
you like. Let the tomatoes and but-
ter beans get almost done and then add
the corn. Let it boil about ten min-

Hereford Cattle.

Sires in service: IMP. SALISBURY 76059 (19083); LARS JR. 85297.

My present offering consists of Bull Calves, Aged Bulls, tested and ready for
service; breeding Cows in calf to above sires. Thase cattle are bred right and well
developed and the prices are attractive. Call and make your personal selection or
write. I have shipped Herefords, ordered by letter, satisfactorily into more than
a dozen States.

Murray Boocock, Owner Castalia Herefords,

Keswich, Alb. Co., Va.

Bacon Hall Farm.

I Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hosfs I

REGISTERED— ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, iluscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. QILLET & SON, - Glencoe, flaryland.

gga n. » i i n i ii m i H33

ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome.

Come and inspect the Dest herd in the South
ROSEHONT FARM

Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. #£& w

BERKSHIRES

GLENBURN
....FARM....

This herd is composed of best IMPORTED and AMERICAN bred animals. Pigs from
imported animals; also from granddaughters of such celebrated sires as FIRST CATCH P.
An Importation just received from England. Imported LOYAL HUNTER, bred by Mr.
Hudson, Eng., and LEE TOPPER, a Loyal Lee. Highclere Topper boar, head the herd.

Dr. J. D. KIRK, Proprietor, Roanoke, Va.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.
Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.
= Write for Free Catalogue.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., (inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

600

THE SOUTHEK^ PLANTER.

July,

utes, then put in the cans and screw
tight. This keeps well.

BLACKBERRIES A>"D DEWBERRIES.

Among the most useful of all the
canned things I find the small fruits
and berries. They should be fresh,
gathered the day they are put up.
Pick them very carefully, and if you
will pour them into a big pan of water
and keep them under water you will
find that your hands will not be
stained. Put them on in a large ket-
tle and add very little water, let them
come to a hard boil and keep them
boiling for ten minutes. Fill the jars
full and screw as tight as possible at
once. I use them for a vegetable, or
for tea and if I want preserves I add
a larger amount of sugar and cook
them awhile.

IREE.S" GRAPE JAM.

Gather the grapes just as they begin
to turn. I like the green fox grapes
best for this. Squeeze out all the
pulp and seed and put them in a gran-
ite kettle to boil until the seeds sep-
arate easily, then rub them through a
sifter to remove the seed. Return the
pulp to the kettle and add the skins
and as much sugar as there is of the
mixture measuring pint for pint. Boil
until it is a thick jam. stirring all the
time to prevent burning. This is de-
lightfully flavored, and is nice be-
tween the layers of cake and good to
make puffs with.

CREEX GRAPE JELLY.

Cull the grapes from the imper-
fect bunches, pick off the stems and
wash well, put them Into a granite
or porcelain kettle, and fill it two-
thirds full of water. Let them boil to
rags, being careful not to burn, the
seed stick and burn almost before you
know it. Pour them into a bag and
let it drip. I usually let them drip all
night. Measure the juice carefully
and to each pint allow a pound of
sugar. Put the sugar into the stove
to heat and let the juice boil fifteen
minutes, then add the hot sugar, and
let it all boil five or ten minutes
longer, put into glasses and do not
seal until it is thoroughly cold. It is
hard to have any set rule as to how
long jelly must cook, for a great deal
depends on the condition of the atmos-
phere, and also the state of the fruit
so one has to depend on one's own
judgment in making it. Sometimes it
will jelly in ten minutes and then it
will take more than a half hour. But
it always repays the trouble we have
in making it. Caraven.

You can't expect a soap that is made
to remove dirt from your clothes to be
a good shaving soap, but some men
will use it and run the risk of serious
skin trouble. The reason for this is
that they have never felt the smooth,
delightful effects of a shave with the
creamy, thick lather made by Wil-
liams' Shaving Soap. See the adver-
tisement elsewhere; take advantage of
their sample offer and you'll never use
any other.

No Trace of Disease

any one of the three years, 1901, 1902orl903 at or follow-
ing th> International Live Stock Exposition at Chicago,
Is it remarkable? If you saw the shows you know tie
countless thousands in value assembled. There was
anxiety among breeders. T' ey ho.d to be assured against
the spread of contagious diseases. The management met
the demand each year by disinfecting with famnna

ZENOLEUM

Zenoleum exclusively. That's high, reliable testimony. Do yon OS*
Zenoleum? It destroys disease germs, avoids contagion, cores scab,
cholera and skin diseases, kills lice, removes stomach and intestinal
norms, establishes and maintains for live stock ideal sanitary conditions.

"The Great Coal Tar Carbolic Disinfectant Dip."

Sample gallon of Zenoleum 11.50. express prepaid. 5 gallons $6.25,
freight prepaid. If you breed livestock you should learn what Zenoleum
will do for you. Ask for free Zenoleum handbooks, 'Veterinary Ad-
viser" and "Piggie's Troubles.'* A postal will bring them.
jZenner Disinfectant Co., 93 Bates St,, Detroit, Mich* ,

...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers...

FOR SALE

Berkshire sows due to farrow in April and May, several boars large enough for
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin.

EGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Rock
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier
puppies by imported Rozanne.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje

and Artis families. Heary milkers and rich in butter

fat. Stock of all ages for sale.

Reg. BERKSHIRES

From noted strains; Imported Headlight, Lord
Highc!ere and Sunrise.

DORSET StlEEF^-

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS,

N. & W. and Southern R. R.

T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

501

ALFALFA

The Most Useful and Profitable Crop you can grow. The best time to sow (in the South) is from
August 15th to September 15th.

Prepare your Ground carefully and to Insure a stand USE ALFALFA BACTERIA IN-
FECTED SOIL »» recommended by the Agricultural Experiment Stations.

You can obtain enough of this infected soil to inoculate ONE ACRE OF GROUND FOR
$1.00 per bag (about 2 bushels) F. 0. B. EWELL FARM.

Send in your orders now and shipment will be made when you are ready.
A booklet, giving practical directions for raising Alfalfa sent with each order, Address
GEO. CAflPBELL BROWN,

EWELL FARM, Spring Hill, Maury Co., Tenn.

PIGGIES TROUBLES.

This is a neat booklet that should
be read by all hog raisers as well as
stockmen in general.

Knowing of the enormous loss of
swine from cholera, the Zenner Disin-
fectant Company, 93 Bates street, De-
troit, Michigan, have secured very
valuable information on this subject
from several of the best known spe-
cialists of bacterial diseases, as well
as most successful swine breeders in
the country. It contains a list of dis-
eases swine are likely to contract, and
gives treatment for each one, telling
how to distinguish diseases by the
symptoms, and what to do to relieve
the trouble.

It is neatly printed, compact, con-
venient in size, and written in lan-
guage that the farmer will easily com-
prehend. Every owner of swine should
have one of these books, and there is
no reason why one should not be kept
for ready reference, for the publishers
offer to send one absolutely free to the
readers of this publication who ask
for one. It is worth dollars to every
one who has sick and ailing hogs, no
matter what the trouble may be.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF — '

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.

BARON ROSEBOY 57666.

By the sire of the $3,000 "GAY LAD," the noted "GAY ERIC," for years at the head of the
"Bradfute" herd of Ohio; "Hector of LakeBide," at head of one of the best herds In
Michigan; and a half dozen other great herd bulls at head of the herd. 47 registered
females by some of the most noted sires In America. We point with pride to a long
line of satisfied customers in Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, and Mississippi. We have been engaged In breeding choice
Angus for years, and are prepared to give our customers the benefit of our experience.
As to the Individual quality of our cattle, will state that we have sold recently five bulls
to head registered herds. This speaks for itself. Write for what you want of either sex
to A. L. FRENCH, R. P. D. 2, Byrdville, Va.

Depot, Fitzgerald, N. C D. & W. R'y 24 miles from Danville, Va.

A VALUABLE POSTER FREE.
Our well known advertisers, The In-
ternational Stock Food Co., send ua a
valuable poster containing two tables,
one of which gives the average dura-
tion of pregnancy in the mare, and the
other showing dates on which the
mare should be returned to the stal-
lion. As these posters are free to all
brood mare or stallion owners, we sug-
gest that all such of our readers send
for one at once before the supply is
exhausted. Before sending, however,
better refer to this company's ad on
another page and answer a couple of
simple questions therein propounded,
and get a valuable stock book free at
the same time.

It will pay you well to take ten min
utes to read the little book on "Wheel
Sense," just issued by the Electric
Wheel Co., Quincy, 111. It tells about
saving lots of hard work and repair
bills.

SPRING LITTERS.

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given
time than any other breed.

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our
great JERSEY COWS.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

Stock Bargains at -the oaks-

Having decided to locate In a Western State, I offer for 1 MONTH ONLY, the sen-
sational yearling Bull, "LAMPLIGHTER." He will be ready for the Fall Shows. Also 4
Reg. SHORTHORN COWS, milking strain, 3 have calves at Eider one gives 3 gals, milk
per day after feeding a big, lusty Bull calf all he wants. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford
City, Va.

ORGANIZED 1632.

ASSETS, $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public', insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.
AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALflER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

502

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

ZENOLEUM BULLETIN NO. 107.

This is the title of a little circular
sent us by the Zenner Disinfectant
Co., who are the makers of Zenoleum,
-which is advertised elsewhere in this
issue.

The pamphlet referred to is a brief
digest of Bulletin No. 62, of the Okla-
homa Experiment Station, which gives
a record of tests made with numerous
disinfectants. The result of these ex-
periments is very highly favorable to
Zenoleum. We suggest that inter-
ested parties write for the pamphlet.

CORRECTION.

We wish to call attention to an er-
ror in the ad of Magic Death Powder
in our last issue. The type made the
ad read, "Send 25c for a book";
whereas it should have read, "Send
25c for a box."

This insecticide is made by the
Magic Pood Co., Chattanooga, Tenn.,
and we invite attention to the cor-
rected ad.

POISON-SUMAC.
There are several species of sumac,
and most of them are harmless, but if
we do not know one from the other we
•are apt to feel uncomfortable in the
presence of any of them. The poison-
ous species may be readily distin-
guished from either the smooth sumac
or the stag-horn sumac by reason of
the fact that the leaflets of these spe-
cies are saw-edged, while those of the
poison-sumac are "entire" — that is,
without teeth or lobes. The one other
species with which it may be confused
Is the mountain sumac; but as in this
shrub the leaf-stems are widened out
into so-called "wings," it need not be
mistaken for its dangerous relative,
whose stems are wingless. The poison-
ivy, a near relative of the poison-
sumac, though usually a creeper, is
classed with the shrubs, and some-
times becomes one when it happens to
grow in a spot where there are no sup-
ports for its aerial rootlets. This
plant has compound leaves with three
leaflets, a fact which enables us to dis-
tinguish it at once from the Virginia
creeper, which has five leaflets, and
.from the bittersweet, which has from
seven to nine. — July Woman's Home
■ Companion.

GLENBURN BERKSHIRES.
Dr. J. D. Kirk, proprietor of Glen-
burn Farm, Roanoke, Va., writes us
that at present he has two imported
Berkshire sows in quarantine at Athe-
nia, N. J. The addition of these two
sows to his herd of American bred
and imported Berkshires will give him
one of the very best herds in the State.
As Dr. Kirk has only recently offered
his stock for sale, we suggest to our
readers that they write him when in
need of anything in Berkshire blood.
Note his ad on another page.

"H0G0L0GY"

FREE

MY BOOK

ABOUT HOG

RAISING,

This could be aptly called a text-book on hog raising for the novice as well as the
adept. Compiled by a specialist, who has devoted nearly thirty years to the study of
profitable swine raising. It is practical and complete, and should be in the hands of
every hog owner. FREE, if you men tion the Southern Planter when asking for it.

f! I WILL

| INSURE

1 YOUR

[ HOGS

CASH

FOR ALL

THAT

DIE

TRADE MARK.
Full particulars of my insurance proposition, whereby I pay for all hogs that die
when my remedj is fed as a preventive, are given in "Hogology." This great remedy
has stood the severest tests for more than twenty-eight years, and is the peer of all
preparations for hogs. Prices: 25-lb. can, $12.50; 12%-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid. Packages,
$2.50, $1.25 and 50 cents. None genpine without my signature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

I'.'.V.'.V.S!

xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx.

X

x ClSMONT DORSETS

x

X
X
X Prices Reasonable. 6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. .

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

ClSMONT STOCK FARM oflers well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

EDGEW00D STOCK FARM g°S5?S!

You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No
lamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb
in December.

One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see them.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

$200,000.00.

$300,000.00.

UNDIVIDED PROFITS. - $361,000.00.

Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we

afier superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited.

JNOJ\BRANCH, Prei. JNO._K. BRANCH, Vlce-Pres. JOHNF. GLENN, Caiih

Assistant Cashiers; J. R. PERDUE, THOS. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER

60?

3FEEDSeoF0NECE1T

a

QUICKLY CURES SCOURS.

International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Essex, Vermont.

Gentlemen: — I have used "International Slock Food" for calves with great

results. I tested it on my calves that had the scours, end they were quickly

cured. I would not raise calves without "International Stock rood,"

. . . Very truly, EDWARD DRURY.

QUICK CALF GROWER.

International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn. Fennvtlle, Michigan.
Dear Sirs: — "International Stock Food" is highly recommended by the farmers
in this vicinity. We use it and find it of great value in stock raising, especially
cattle. Calves fed on International Stock Food" grow faster and are of better
quality than those that are not. On feeding it to our cows we find that they not
only require less of the regular feed but "International Stock Food" increases the
quantity of milk. g. CHAPMAN.

•ck Food." We Have

"INTERNATIONAL STOCE POOD" JESTS FEFDS for ONE U Yr % ;. Won tho Hi^hast Medal at Psria Exposition in 1900 a3 a High-Claei
powdered Roots, Barks, Seeds and Rerl.s, to give to Horses, Cuttle, Sheep, Goats, Lolts, Calws, Lam ha and Figs, in small amounts as an
toeccure Letter digc-sti.-m ami assimilation so that f-ach animal will oM-iii more nutrition fruin all grain eaten. Scientific authorities p

of thoavcracekind of feeds. »'InterDstionaI Stock Food" will cause them to digest 70 to 75 per Cent. Wo paid tho government J
inal preparation. Many other kinds did not pay any war tax because they claimed to tho gove

Medicinal Preparation, mado from
addition to their regular grain feed
:ovo that the average animal digests

I,-):,

nwho ha
imitations and substitutes. No chcrr
Paid F^tlviGer. Insist on hM-ins the
falls to give you Ettlbfoctorv, paj inj i

ently
/ill only

nalr

llL'tl.

:onyont2.wi

for fifteen yea:

tliOt

afford to USD preparations of this Llud Only O:

ircvectsmanyfArmsof di;,
0 to 60 dayB' ti

;. It is al.solutely barmlcbi even if taken into tha h'
all of the ingredients wo uss. Any company orchetn
tab Pood."— SWl* is s«ld b> SOiv-ci) Dealers oca "£
:a you K3-S FEEDS fos- ONE CEHT.=ffja

. .liPdi.ln.

o. it win

and fatten

1 Hasis,

) yon?UJ.<

all kinds of stock

roof the man

iiiiist claiming to tic. so ia sSe!f-Coof«

'■Spot lash Cuaractee" U: R. fund Yoor .1

Wo Have Factories at 3IInneapolia and T.

IT CONTAINS 183 LAROS E^GRAlfEDS^S

WE WILL PAY YOU $10.00 CASH IF BOOK IS NOT AS DESCRIBED

The Cover of this Bock is a Beautiful Livo Stock Picture 83- Printed In Sii Brilliant Colors
Size or took iaC1.; by 9H inches. It e< st us -::<H>0 to have our Artists and Engravers make
engravings of Hones, t'attlo. Sheep, Coats, Uogsond Poultry that you have ever seen. Th
i at photographs and are worthy of a place in any library. It aUo gives Dost

d Without Any AdvertlsiDc; on It
se Engravings, which are tho fines
is 3 Eneravings are all made fron
' and Illustrations of the Differcn'
ry noted Animals,

If You Will Write lo At Once,

1st.— NAME THIS PAPER

ADDRESS

Postal Card, tnd ANSWER THESE TWO QUESTIONS:

2nd .—HOW MUCH STOCK HAVE YOU?

INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., S^.fX

Largest Stork Food Factory In the World.

Capita] Tald in $2, 000,0(10.00,
iiii- Engraving Bbows Our Hew Factory.
It Contains IS Acres of Floor Space.

TCH I.S6M

FASTEST HARNESS HORSE IN THE WORLD

Dan Eat, «>Iatcrn:it!o&,l Stuck Food" Ertry Day and
HOLDS FOIXOWING WORLD RECORDS;
:3<;X J"" R«or« on HnlMIII, Tract, 2:03V Bile Itcord to High Wh.,1 Snlkj, S:04J,

BlileRoeord t. Wag

l-.i'H Tno-Xil, Kcc.

HIS BEAUTIFUL Si PICTURE FREE

Printed In Six Brilliant Colors—Size 21 by 28 inches

We own the World-Famous. Champion Pacinff Stallion. Dan Patch, and have Fine
They give complete record of all his Races and Fast
The large Colored Lithograph
see him in this engraving.

IT WILL ALSO BE MAILED FREE-Posiage Prepaid

ir YOU ANSWER THE "TWO QUESTIONS" AND SEND FOR BOOK DESCRIBED ABOVE."'

Lithographs of hii

Miles and are Free i
will sho™

k $300000 STOCK BOOK FKtf

READ THESE RAPIDLY.
There was a young fellow named Tate,
Who was invited to dine at 8.08.
Now, I will not relate
What this young man named Tate
And his tete-a-tete ate at 8.08.

"There's a train at 4.04, said Miss

Jenny;
"Four tickets I'll take. Have you any?"
Said the man at the door,

"Not for 4.04,
For four for 4.04 is too many."

DO YOUR TRADING^— ^L

Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name of LUMSDEN .
on anything In the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line Is a standard of quality. -. :*/•% J

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JE.WE.LRY.fl

STEALING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS. J

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; It contains '*
many articles on which we can save you money.

C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, Va. I

504

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

July,

LITERARY TALENT OP RICHMOND.

MARY WASHINGTON EARLY.

Richmond has never lacked literary
talent. Even in her early days, she al-
ways had a good sprinkling of authors,
and in addition to her native ones, a
good many other Virginia authors
have made Richmond their home, and
have thus identified her with their lit-
erary fame. For instance. Edgar Poe
made his residence here for a consid-
erable part of his life, so Richmond
will be, in future ages, the Mecca of
travellers who appreciate his genius
and this the world is beginning to do
more and more highly, each succes-
sive year. I well remember how state-
ly and restful the fine old Allan home
looked, on the corner of Main and
Fifth streets, in such vivid contrast
with the hum and buzz of business, a
little lower down the street. It sad-
dens me now to think that the walls
which enshrined America's greatest
poet have been pulled down, still the
spot will always be one of keen inter-
est to those who prize letters.

One of the earliest of the Richmond
authors was the illustrious William
Wirt, the distinguished jurist and at
one time the Attorney General of the
United States. Literature, however.
was only an episode in Mr. Wirt's busy
and strenuous life. I do not know the
exact date of his birth, but I believe it
was just before the outbreak of the
Revolution. He was twice married,
first to Miss Gilmer, of Albemarle
county, Va., in 1795, but she died in
1799. His second wife was a Miss
Gamble, of Richmond. He was the
author of "The British Spy," and the
life of Patrick Henry. The latter is
one of the most valuable of our biog-
raphies, and is justly regarded as one
of the classics of American literature.
No writer ever set about the task of
writing a biography in a more pains-
taking spirit. The idea of writing it
first occurred to him in 1805, but as he
had not known Henry personally, he
was compelled to draw his information
from others. From that time till 1S14,
he employed such leisure as his pro-
fessional duties allowed him in col-
lecting materials for the work from
the remaining friends and contempo-
raries of Henry, amongst whom wo
may mention Thos. Jefferson, Gov.
Page, Judge Tucker. Judge Roane, Mr.
Peyton Randolph, Col. Wm. O. Wins-
ton, Col. Meredith and other distin-
guished old Virginians. Gov. Page gave
him great help by letting him read an
extended sketch he had himself pre-
pared of Patrick Henry, and Mr. Pay-
ton Randolph allowed him to examine
an extremely valuable manuscript his-
tory of Virginia written by his father,
Edmund Randolph, which history em-
braced the whole period of Henry's
public life. In addition to private
sources of information, Mr. Wirt had
the good fortune to procure complete
files of the public newspapers from
1765 to the close of the Revolution.
He also had free access to the records

$21.00 PRICE EXPLAINED

FOR $21.00 TO $23.00 frSTtoSiTJML

TOPBUGGIES.similartooneiHustrated.l SURREYS at '

HAVE BEEN WIDELY ADVERTISED. J$34.00 *0 $38.00.

HOW BUGGIES can be offered at these prices and whvVecil

sell buggies and all other vehicles at much lower prices than any

other house Is all fully explained ic our Four Big Free Vehicle

Catalogues. Cut this ad. out and send to us and

fouwlll receive by return mail. Free. Postpaid,
our Big Vehicle Catalogues showing the most
complete line of everything In Buggies, Road
Wagons. Cart^. Surreys. Phaetons, Carriages,
Light and Heavy Wagons, Vehicles of all kinds,
also everything in Harness. Saddles and Sad-
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lllu-'tratlons.rull descriptions sad all prirrdstpricM

wiTH'THi'FOUrFRlE^CAiA-

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d astonishing proposition. How others

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in the world that can ship baggies the da

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fullv explained. We will explain why we ship eo i
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your order. OUR FREE TRIAL OFFER. OUR PAY AFTER RECEIVED TERMS, OUR BINDING GUAR-
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2S^X&)&£Z2lS£BZ%?(2&. SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO., CHICAGO, ILL.

SIlfXFSS £ Manure Spreader

^JwVf^JfiAJ^J liJ<L -"dtX^fl Leads everv other mackine for

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trols everything from his seat. Made in four sizes and sold under strongest guarantee as to materials, workman-
ship and dutv. Investigate fuiiv beTore buying. Catalogue with valuable chapter on farm fertilizing mailed free-

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Leads every other machine for

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manure. Its superiority ap-
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tinct improvement on the Kemp
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I manures of every character and
and all commercial fertil-
red quantity per acre, unloading the

The Endless Apron Great Western

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CpDCinO andpalverlzeeall kinds of ma*

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n-bunelable e»>ke holds all large drank* cm top of beater until they are thoroughly Pol-
and End GatekeepsmanureamynOTbeaterwhuelMdmgandactsas isnndbood in spreading.
I inUTCCT nDICT overproduced on a minurespreader.beesilse.iVootanjrcarwheels^kai^eloadisiiearlyequJ-
LlunltSI Urlflrl ly balanced on front and real "asles which brings load up dose to horses. Mad, In 4 .I.e.: SO,
BO, 70 and IOO bushels capacity. Inquire of your dealer or aand to us for catalogue.

SMITH MANUPE SPREADER CO. 16 & 18 SOUTH CLINTON ST. CHICAGO, ILL.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta-
rines, Grapevines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Currants,
irawberries, Horse-Radish, Asparagus, De-wherries and

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade
Trees, Ornamental Shrubs and Hedge Plants.

EGOS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per It.
Also a few pallets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Immediate d«-
. I very. Write for Catalogue to

J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planteb.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

505

A. C. SINTON. President.

R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President,

J. J. SUTTON, Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sis., Richmond, Va

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and

INCORPORATED 1893.

Harness. *£ <£ <£ <&

PEERLESS ENGINE.

LL-STEEL, SP

BEMENT IMPROVED WEEPER.

ALL STYLES OF BUGGIES.

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dixie
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

A large and complete stock of open and
top buggies, surreys and spring wagons.
Fish, Weber and Columbus two-horse Farm
Wagons. Champion and Hickory one-horse
Wagons. John Deere and Continental Disc
Cultivator. Roderick Lean Land Rollers.

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cyclone
Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, Daln Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well
known Mlnnich Hand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shelters, for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock.
Several good second-hand Engines and other
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.

A full line of Planet Jr., Garden Tools.

We wiH.be glad to mail you a copy
of our new catalogue.

GEISER SEPARATOR.

EXTENSION TOP SURREY.

FISH and WEBER WAGONS.

FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW.

1 1 ' I ' I ' I ' I ' I ' \

SPIKE TOOTH HARROW.

CONTINENTAL DISC CULTIVATOR.

COMBINED CULTIVATOR, AND HORSE HOE.

SOUTH BEND PLOW.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th and Franklin and 14th and Main Streets - - RICHMOND, VA

506

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

of the General Court and the State ar-
chives. But even after he had during
nine years carefully collected materials
from all these sources, it required
three more years to sift all this mass,
remove the chaff from the wheat and
reconcile the discrepancies, real or ap-
parent, and out of the heterogeneous
mass of materials piled up before him,
construct a well proportioned building
on a solid foundation of well ascer
tained truth. Mr. Jefferson proved a
valuable assistant when Mr. Wirt was
perplexed, his clear judgment and able
counsel, added to his personal knowl-
edge of the character and times of
which Wirt proposed to treat, helping
the latter to reconcile apparent con-
tradictions and to clear away difficul-
ties of fact. The work was at length
published in 1817, and was so favorably
received that it had a large circulation.
Your correspondent has a copy pub-
lished in Philadelphia in 1836 and be-
longing to the ninth edition, which
was a great circulation for those times.
William Wirt died in 1834. He was
fortunate :n having an able biographer,
John P. Kennedy, who in his intervals
of rest from professional and political
duties, wrote "The Life and Corre-
spondence of Wm. Wirt," in two vol-
umns, 1849.

Another early author of Richmond
was Robert R. Howison, born in that
city on June 22d, 1820, a lawyer and
author of high standing. His works
are the following: "History of Vir-
ginia, from its discovery and settle-
ment by Europeans to the present
time," 2 octavo vols., 1847; "Lives of
Gens. Morgan. Marion and Gates," 1848;
"History of the War between the Unit-
ed States and the Confederate States;"
"Report of the Joint Committe of the
Confederate Congress on Treatment of
the Prisoners of War." The above re-
port was republished in various North-
ern papers and is given in full 4n Pol-
lard's "Lost Cause." Howison took
high rank with the historical writers
of the South, Gayarre and men of that
stamp.

Another of Richmond's historical
writers is Dr. R. A. Brock, born in
that city March 9th, 1839. Prom his
early youth, he showed the bent of an
antiquarian, but he was bred to mer-
cantile pursuits, and followed these till
1881, except during the four years
when as a member of the famous "Com-
pany F" he served in the war. In
1881, he disposed of his interest in
business in order to give more atten-
tion to the Virginia Historical Society
of which he had been librarian and
corresponding secretary since Febru-
ary, 1875. In 1887, he become secre-
tary of that Society and has performed
a very useful and valuable work In ed-

July,

This far-famed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you is worthy of all that
is said in praise of it. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 just issued, embracing
Hand. Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

Write for this FREE catalogue
at once.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

m Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season Is at hand. HEN
PRODUCTS higher than
ever. Our prices low. Write
for Free Catalogue. «-

THE) :fcT:ET*7" 33 ISTO-HET IE

Made by CHARTER GAS ENGINE CO.

2 and 3 Hone Power Horizontal Type with Water or Oil cooled Cylinder, Pumping attach-
ment, either Electric Igniter or Hot Tube Igniter or both.

SYDIMOR PUMP A. WELL CO.,

Write for Cotalogue.

Box 949, Richmond, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Pianteb.

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

UNTIL YOU HAVE

♦THE MASTER

INVESTIGATED

WORKMAN.

A two-cylinder gasoline engine ; superior to all one-cylinder engines. Costs less to buy and less to run. Quicker and easier started. Has a wider

irt ol usefulness. Has no vibration; can be mounted on any light wagon as a portable. Weighs less than half of one-cvllnder engines. Give slie

Sizes 1H, 2, 2%, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 15 horse power. Mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEM"PLE PUMP CO., Meagher

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

507

-Mrttfio. THE CALL-WATT CO., mAZRJ,DJALt-

SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF

THE CROWN, CRESCENT AND WATT PLOWS.

WE MAKE PLOWS that will enter hard ground when no other plow will. If your land is hard and dry, get
relief and a good plow at same time

GOOD ROADS can be made by using our ROAD PLOWS. Specially adapted to heavy work and hard ground.
Have been used successfully where other much higher priced plows would not enter hard earth.

THE UNIT ROAD MACHINE with ONE team and ONE man following the plow will put a road in BETTER
condition QUICKER and at LESS EXPENSE than any other method.

ENGINES of all sizes, mounted or unmounted, for all purposes.

THRESHING MACHINES. From one to ten horse power. Sold upon their merits, and guaranteed to give
satisfaction. Unsurpassed by any, and sold at prices lower than any other first-class machines.

BALING PRESSES. For Hand, Horse or Steam Power, at prices that will enable every grower of hay to have
his own press. •

FIELD ROLLERS. Steel Rims. Solid Steel Heads, keeps the earth from clogging in the fhells as in all open
head rollers. Special oil device, free from grit.

THE IMPERIAL ONE HORSE FARM WAGONS. Steel Axle and Thimble Skein. Built of best material and
sold under full guarantee. '

THE MOLINE WAGONS. Light Running and Dural.K Guaranteed to be made of best air-dried lumber.
Handsomely finished, and have feature not found in any other.

THE STAR DISC HARROWS, with Solid Steel weight boxes. Anti-friction Rollers. Most durable bearings,
with non-clogging oil holes.

EMPIRE GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILLS. With Discs or Hoes. For Grain, Corn, Peas, and Fertilizers,
accurate work. j

MILWAUKEE Mowers, Binders and Hay Rakes.

SAW MILLS, CANE MILLS, CORN SHELLERS, PEA HULLERS, FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, FEED
MILLS, CORN MILLS, ETC. Inquiries solicited for any machinery needed.

OFFICE <SL WAREKOOMS, 13 SOUTH FIFTEENTH STREET,

Richmond, Va. Bet-ween Main and Cary.

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

Champion Steel Hand and Self-Dump Rakes,
all sizes.

CHAMPION Mowers, Reapers, Binders, Hay
Rakes and Twine.

Ross Ensilage Cutters, Fodder Cutters, Fodder
Shredders, Powers, all Sizes.

Write for circulars and prices.

Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader. Three
sizes.

NATIONAL ROAD MACHINERY.

ROAD PLOWS, WHEEL AND DRAG
SCRAPERS.

Tiger Disk Harrows.

Plain and Lever Spring Tooth

Harrows. All Sizes.

The wheels will not lift from the ground.

BEMENT DISC CULTIVATORS, WITH 6 OR
8 DISCS AND SPRING TOOTH AT-
TACHMENT.
Built entirely of steel, steel forglngs and
malleable iron. The most simple and easiest
adjusted cultivator on the market to-day.
Write for circulars and testimonials.

Frick and Aultman and Taylor Engines.

Saw Mills and Threshers.

Special prices given on Studebaker and

Brown Wagons, Buggies, and Carts.

Superior Grain and Fertilizer Drills.

Hoe and Disk.

HENIN6 & NUCKOLS, c^Sr,

TOE. Mi SI.,

508

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

iting the series of volumes issued by
theVirginiaHistorical Society. In addi-
tion to this, he has prepared other his-
torical, antiquarian and genealogical
works, besides various statistical and
historical papers for the United States,
and for his native State and city. His
labors have met with marked recogni-
tion, he having been invited to become
a member of numerous learned socie-
ties in the United States, Canada and
Europe. In addition to other duties,
lie holds the position of secretary and
historiographer in the association
formed of the survivors of "Co. F."
He has also, from his boyhood up, been
a frequent contributor to the press and
to various magazines. From 1879 to
1882. he was one of the editors of "The
Standard," a family paper published
in Richmond, with a historical, gen-
ealogical and scientific department. He
is indeed filling a useful place giving
valuable aid in preserving historical
records and in sifting the wheat from
the chaff.

Amongst the ante-bellum writers of
Richmond there was Mr. Samuel Mor-
decai, author of "Richmond in by-gone
days," a valuable book of reference
for those who would gain light on the
past social life of Richmond. There
has always been a circle of cultured,
refined and intellectual Jews in Rich-
mond who have had the entree into the
best "Gencile Society" and who have
commanded the respect and esteem of
the community, and to this class Mr.
Mordecai belonged. I might cite the
illustrious Sir Moses Ezekiel as an ex-
ample of this class in more recent
years.

In addition to the native authors of
Richmond, there have been a good
many who while not born there have
made it their residence and identified
themselves with the place and people.
John Esten Cooke was an instance of
this. Though bom in Winchester, Va.,
his father moved to Richmond while
the boy was still very young, so he
grew up and was educated in that
city. At nineteen, he left school, stud-
ied law, was admitted to the bar and
practised four years. He then gave up
that profession to devote himself en-
tirely to literature which he did all the
remainder of his life, except during
the four years when he served in the
army. This proved, in the long run,
no detriment to bis literary career, as
it enabled him to lay up a great store
of material for future romances, as for
instance, "Surry of Eagle's Nest,"
"Hilt to Hilt," "Mohun" and others.
Besides his numerous novels, he also
wrote a life of Robert E. Lee, and a
history of Virginia for the young, be-
sides editing the life of Capt. John
Smith. He died September 27, 1886.

Thos. Nelson Page though born in
Hanover county, 1853, entered on the
profession of law in Richmond, ha
being one of the numerous authors
who have prefaced their literary career
by the study and practice of the law.
His first story, "Marse Chan," made al-

St Hlbans

Scbool

Situated on a

Sdnny Headland

above the

Banks of New River,

in THE

Blue Grass Region

of Virginia

Prepares Boys

FOR UNIVERSITY OR
FOR BUSINESS.^ ,£^«^

SEND FOB ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS
PUBLISHED "PLAN OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL."

Address, W. H. RANDOLPH,

Head Master,

Radford, ... Virginia.

<***.««**.« <*««;*;■«_<<*.««.<.<<*««««:<:««*.«<«;«*:< «*:<««j

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
of SPECTACLES and EYEGLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
Glasses by mail our specialty.

IH PHOTO DFPARTMEN

T is also complete with CAMERAS, KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

T Our line of OPERA OALSSES, FIELD OLASSES, Incubator and Dairy
v THERMOMETERS, etc., etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases.

i 1 1. 6HLESKI i'l'iiffl CO., 1 and Main Sis., fiichinond, M

A Washing Machine Is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Youraame on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
six different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in
grooves — our patent Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

HIE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS. Richmond, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

509

:>0<HXH>OO<H}<H>4XHKHttH}*}0$ttH}<H^^

FO R=

WIHEAT, OATS, CLOVER

±M OTHER GRASSES, MM

irre prepared iiur

!■" » AGRICULTURAL LIITIC.

It ia the "Old Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime
Sulphate of Lime and Potash.

SPECIAL W HEAT ^Ve pUt l^is ^rar"^ on the marllets only a few years ago and its success has
been short of marvelous. Somj of the best farmers tell us that they get
FERTILIZER . . . . a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fer-
tilizer. Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility.

PLAIN SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices.

No. 1. "WOOD BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest market price from the kilns.

If you wish to IMPROVE your land, use a ton of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER,
or if you wish to seed it for other ORASSES where the land is in good condition, use the same quantity and it
will give you a good STAND and GROWTH of QRASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no
VEGETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantity, and sow
winter OA rS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES.

102 South 13tK Street

ieiie cfe

SON,

Richmond, "Virginia.

S<H}<HttH*KHKH«HttH}t}Ot}rXH^^

CHORISTER

BY

FALSETTO-ADDIE C,

"One of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America and
a sure success as a getter of race horses." — Major Dainger-
field.

Standing 16# and weighs 1,300 lbs. He held the world's
record for a mile as a 3 year old and is the sire of "Corrus-
cate" who holds the mile record for Canada 1.38>£. All his
get win and are racing up to 8, 9 and 11 years of age, and
won $30,000 in 1902.

Fee $50 00 cash, approved half bred mares $20.00

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes
but no responsibility assumed for any that may occur.

For further particulars apply to D. K. KERR, Manager
Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va.

KELLY, 22283, Record, 2:27.
Sire of McChesney, 2:16^4, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125, first dam Esther, dam of
Expressive 3, 2:12}; Express, 2:21, etc.; by Express, etc.

Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having
fine size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred.

For terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stables, 1102 Hull St.,
Manchester, Va.

pOD QAI P Standard and registered trotting mare,
1 >-fl\ OrVlwL* rjch bay, elegantly bred, young and
sound. Fit for the road, track or stud. Price, $250 and
worth the money. Bred to Kellv 2:27.

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

W. J, CARTER, l' 'BROAD ROCK."]

TURF JOURNALIST.

916 E. Main Street, - - Richmond, Va.

Pedigrees of thoroughbred and trotting horses traced and
registered and stallion circulars prepared.

Representing the Times-Dispatch and Southern Planter,
Richmond, Va.; Sports of the Times, Kentucky Stock Farm,
California Breeder and Sportsman,

Imported French Coach Stallion

JAVANAIS

By AGNADEL. Dam RAPIDE.
PROPERTY OF

Mr. B. H. Grvindy, Richmond, Va.

Rich Seal Brown Horse.

16^ hands high ; weight 1300 lbs.
Will serve mares during 1904 at A. Pollard's Dunraven Farm,
three miles east of Richmond, on New Market Road.
Fee, $15 to insure.

A. POLLARD,

Rural Route No. 5,

Richmond, Va.

-address

or B. H. GRUNDY,

Chamber of Commerce Bldg.
Richmond, V;i.

LEPANTO, 0577.

Sire of Wilkie O'Neill, 2.24# ; King O'Neill, 2 31 at two
vears, etc. Bay horse 15f/ hands high ; weight 1290 lbs.

By PETOSKY, 3633 son of George Wilke. Fee $12.50
to insure. Address

BANNISTER & RHODES, Roanoke, Va.

510

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

most as grea a hit as "The Luck of
Roaring Camp." His subsequent ca-
reer is so well known that I need not
go into any details about it now.

Another writer, pleasantly identified
with Richmond, though not a native
of the place was Mrs. Anna Cora
Ritchie, a woman not only of talent
and culture but of a personality that
made her more charming than her
books. She was a native of the State
of New York, but came to Richmond
as the wife of Mr. Wm. Ritchie, editor
of the Enquirer. Mrs. Ritchie's pen
look a wide range as she wrote novels,
plays, sketches and other works, be-
sides an autobiography.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE EAST TEN-
NESSEE FARMERS' CONVEN-
TION.

The 29th annual gathering of East
Tennessee farmers was held in the
auditorium of Science Hall, University
of Tennessee, Knoxville, June 1, 2 and
3. The attendance as heretofore was
a representative one, a good many del-
egates coming, not only from Middle
and West Tennessee, but from neigh-
boring States as well. The hall was
crowded throughout the different
sessions and the enthusiasm
manifested was good to see for it
spoke volumes for the aggressive spirit
that now pervades the farmers of the
Middle South. It is also an evidence
of the fact that they appreciate the
educational value of meetings of this
kind. The speakers at the different
sessions were given the close attention
which the many excellent papers pre-
sented deserved. It has always been
the policy of the Convention to try
and provide a varied program and to
secure the services of a number of
recognized specialists to discuss cer-
tain topics so that the latest and best
information relative to the various
branches of agriculture may be pre-
sented before the Convention.

It is impossible in this brief review
to more than mention some of the
leading speakers, though it is proper
to say that the discussions following
the different papers were spirited and
were of great service in elucidating
many points of great value to the
average farmer which were not fully
set forth in the different papers. It
has been the writer's privilege to at-
tend conventions in many sections of
the country, but he has rarely if ever
seen a more representative body of
men gathered together in an agricul-
tural meeting, nor a set of men who
discussed agricultural subjects with a
greater degree of intelligence. In
other words, the present Convention
was not a speakers' Convention.

The program was carried out prac-
tically as published, though Governor
Frazier could not be present on ac-
count of his official duties which was
a great disappointment. Fortunately,
the services of Dr. H. J. Webber, in
charge of the Plant Breeding Labor-
atory at Washington, were secured and

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. ^ V

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting

it with our.

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2i squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enter
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
- Black Sheet Iron, etc. -

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street,

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THR0UQ1 ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT *VSS2r&Or ROUTE.

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTE8VILLB,
RICHMOND, PETER BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Qen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

511

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

BRAND

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes gTowth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.

ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-Ib. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00.

One 60-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

A few articles quoted below will convince you that for cash you can live cheaply by dealing with us.
We have a complete line of groceries, feed and liquors. Should you need anything not quoted here,
write for prices. These prices are subject to changes in the market. We charge 10c. per gallon extra
for jugs. Our goods guaranteed to be first-class. Goods delivered free of drayage to any depot All
prices f. o. b. here.

Granulated Sugar, per lb 6c.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb lie.

Best Meal, per peck, 20c; or, per bushel 75c.

Pride of Richmond Flour, per sack, 35c; or. per bbl. .$5.40

Daisy Flour, per sack, 33c; per bbl 5.25

Good Green Coffee, per lb 9c

Best Salt Pork, per lb 10c

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7c & 9c

Best Butcher's Lard, per lb 10c

Good Lard, 3 lbs. for 25c

Green, Black and Mixed Tea, per lb 35c, 40c. & 50c.

Best Cheese, per lb 12Jc.

Best Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c

Best Roe Herrings, per dozen 18c

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 35c

Best Genuine N. O. Molasses, per gallon 60c

Good Dark Molasses, per gallon 25c & 35c

Soaps, 8, 7, 6. 10 and 11 bars for 25c

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can 12c.

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Apple, Plum, Reynolds' Sun

Cured Tobacco for 25c

Best Lemons, per dozen 12c

Good Corn, per bushel 65cc.

Good Oats, per bushel 48c.

Best Timothy Hay, per ton $18.00

No. 1 Mixed Hay, per ton 17.00

No. 1 Clover, per ton 16.00

Bran, per ton 25.50

Ship Stuff, per ton 26.50

Old Crown Rye, 5 years old. per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye, 4 years old, per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye, 2 years old, per gallon 1.50

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 2 years old, per gallon 2.00

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 5 years old, per gallon.... 2.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c.

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c

Apple Brandy, 3 years old, per gallon 2.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

Geneva Gin, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

London Dock Gin, 5 years old, per gallon 2.50

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1.00

Buchu Gin. for kidneys, per bottle 1.00

Catawba Wine, per gallon 50c.

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 50c.

California Sherry Wine, per gallon 1.00

(Sacks for corn and oats, 5c extra.)

Remittance must accompany all orders. Send P. O. or Exp. Order, Reg. Letter, for what you want

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Inc.,

No. 1724 East Main Street,
RICHMOND, VA.
'Phone 507.

512

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

he gave a very able and entertaining
lecture on the results of his investi-
gations. In this lecture he showed
clearly the great importance of select-
ing plants for many purposes and he
demonstrated not only the feasibility
of this work on the average farm, but
the great financial gain that would re-
sult to the farmer.

Prof. M. A. Carleton, Cerealist of the
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
spoke on the growth of cereals in the
Appalachian region. He Teferred to
the excellent work that had been done
at the Tennessee Experiment Station
with wheat, barley, oats and rye, and
stated that in bis opinion these crops
could be grown quite generally
throughout this region. The points
emphasized were better soil culture
and the selection and improvement of
the various varieties in common use.
It is proper to state that the Tennes-
see Experiment Station hopes to dis-
tribute a small amount of the differ-
ent varieties of improved seed at an
early date.

Mr. R. H. Kittrell, State Live Stock
Commissioner, delivered an address
on Tennessee's Interest in Live Stock.
He stated that Texas fever caused the
loss of at least $100,000 a year to the
farmers of East Tennessee and urged
the farmers to co-operate with him so
as to hold the pest in check. He saw
no reason why a number of counties I
should not be placed above the guar-
antee line if greater care were ex-
ercised. He also urged the farmers to
improve their live stock.

Hon. W. W. Ogilvie, Commissioner
of Agriculture, next spoke on Feed-
ing Mules. He stated that Tennessee
mules brought from $10 to $15 more
per head than mules trom any other
State. This was due largely to the
method of feeding pursued. The mule
breeders should give greater attention
to size at the present time. Jacks
should be 11 1-2 to 15 hands in height
and have broad feet and chests and
plenty of style. Plenty of green feed
was necessary for the summer feed-
ing. Sorghum should not be used dur-
ing the finishing period as it made the
hair too long. Otherwise, it was an
excellent feed. Mr. Ogilvie's address
was given the most careful attention
because of his well known reputation
as a successful mule breeder.

Dr. W. G. Shaw, consulting veteri-
narian of the Tennessee Station, spoke
on Animal Diseases. He outlined
those he has commonly met with in
Tennessee and gave a concise resume
of the treatment suggested for each.
Milk fever was discussed very thor-
oughly and the relative merits of the
Schmitt and Oxygen treatment were
brought out.

Dr. M. Jacob gave a lecture on Type
of Horses in Demand at the present
time. This wa3 illustrated by speci-
mens of roadster, coach, saddle and
draft horses. The large audience gave
him the closest attention for if there
is one thing the Tennessee farmer

Uncle Sam says it's
all right

Uncle Sam, In the person of ten of his government officials, Is always In charge of every
department of our distillery. During the entire process of distillation, after the whiskey
Is stored in barrels in our warehouses, during the seven years it remains there, from the
very grain we buy to the whiskey you get, Uncle Sam is constantly on the watch. We dare
not take a gallon of our own whiskey from our own warehouse unless he says it's all right.
And when he does say so, that whiskey goes direct to you, with-all its original strength, rich-
ness and flavor, carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARAN-
TEE of PURITY and AGE, and saving the dealers' enormous profits. That's why
HAYNER WHISKEY is the best for medicinal purposes. That's why it is preferred for
other uses. That's why we have over a quarter of a million satisfied customers. That's
why YOU should try it. Your money back if you're not satisfied.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration I ~~~

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL SQjM EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN-
YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and
if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense, and your $3.20 will be
returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied, you are not out a cent. Better let
us send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a
friend to join you. We ship in a plain sealed case, no marks to show what's
Inside.

Orders for Ariz., CaL, Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Ore. , Utan. Wash,
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for S4.00 by Express
Prepaid or HO Quarts for 816.00 by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

AlLANTAi GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN,

153 Distillery, Troy, O. Established 1866

j» THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE THE ST0CK RA,SER'

r-KUmABLC ^ DA,RYMAN,

INVESTMENTS THE FRUIT GROWER,

TO-. *»- THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and whert
large profits can be realized Interest youT

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverse* six Southern States and *
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gan. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi.

1904. J

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

513

loves it is a good horse and rightly.
The horse judging contest followed
immediately. There was a nice dis-
play of horses and in the judgment, of
the crowd the best horse won, so all
went home satisfied and feeling well
repaid for their time and trouble.

At the evening session Mr. W. T.
Roberts, of Riceville, read an able
paper on "Keeping the Boys on the
Farm." He advocated the value of
agricultural instruction as provided in
the University and urged the farmers
to send their sons to take the short
course at least if they could not take
the four years' course. Prof. Bain, of
the Tennessee Experiment Station, de-
livered an illustrated lecture on the
diseases of the various farm crops in
the absence of Prof. C. L. Marlatt,
who was prevented from attending the
meeting through sickness. Prof.
Bain's lecture was well received as
shown by the many questions directed
to him during the lecture.

The Mountain Range for Beef Cat-
tle was discussed by Major A. D. Rey-
nolds, of Bristol. He stated there were
greater opportunities offered in the
Appalachian region for the develop-
ment of live stock industries than any-
where else in the country. The range
was abundant, there was plenty of
freestone water, the heat was not ex-
cessive, and the fly pest was practi-
cally unknown. Why this great graz-
ing region had been so long over-
looked he was unable to say.

Mr. H. W. Crew, of Concord, Tenn.,

next addressed the Convention on
Feeding Beef Calves. He emphasized
the importance of grazing crops and
stated that he found the Soy bean in-
valuable. He turned the calves on
when it was comparatively young ano
if not grazed too closely, it continued
to grow until frost.

Herefords on the Range was the
subject discussed by Mr. J. Otto Kittel.
of Herbert, Tenn. Mr. Kittel's ranch
is situated on the Cumberland Pla-
teau in a region where people believed
that good cattle could not be raised
The excellent specimens he has pro-
duced in the last few years show this
statement to be absurd, and for the
sake of this region it is to be hoped
that many breeders will emulate his
example. Mr. S. S. Smith, of Whites-
burg, volunteered a few remarks on
Polled Durhams. and told interesting-
ly of his experience with this breed
and their adaptability to Tennessee
conditions.

Mr. G. B. Wheeler, of Morristown,
spoke on Farm Butter Making. He
urged cleanliness and advised the dis-
carding of rags and the use of brushes
instead. He told how to milk the
cows to secure the best results and of
the importance of sanitation in and
about the dairy. He said that first
class butter would bring 30 cents all
the year round, whereas, most farmers
were getting 15 cents. Mr. Wheeler
is a graduate of an agricultural short
course and a thoroughly up-to-date
farmer. Mr. W. G. Lenoir, of Phila-

delphia, spoke on Shipping Milk for
the City Trade. Cleanliness, good
water and expedition in handling were
the points emphasized. He said that
though milk was often shipped one
hundred miles even in this section of
the South it could be kept in good con-
dition when properly handled.

Mr. S. E. Barnes, of the Tennessee
Experiment Station, spoke on the im-
portance of herd records. He said the
gross earnings of the station herd
three years ago were $2,800, and for
the present year they would be more
than $4,500. This was due to the
keeping of a record and the weeding
out of unsatisfactory animals.

Prof. C. S. Plumb, of the Ohio State
University, next addressed the Con-
vention on Experiments in Hog Feed-
ing. His address was a masterly one
and was listened to with rapt atten-
tion. He reviewed the whole history
of experimental hog feeding in the
United States and gave a statement of
the comparative value of the various
grains, manufactured by-products and
forage crops for pork production. Mr.
J. B. Madden, of the East Tennessee
Packing Co., told what the packers
wanted. He said they wanted to run
their plant all the year, but could only
get enough animals for about six
months. They wanted from 175 to
300 pound hogs well fattened and also
more beef and better beef.

(To be continued.)

I How is Your Wheat?

/'"YVTIh (^"Tn lM^nP Invited ^ a postal card and addressed to
THE CARDWELL MACHINE COM-
PANY, Richmond, Virginia, will bring you circulars regarding

Cardwell's Thresher and Gleaner

They are SIMPLE, DURABLE and EASY TO WORK.

Capacity, 200 to 1,000 bushels of wheat per day, according to size

f

and character of grain.

i THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO., N,nR'

eteenthland Cary'Sts.,

ICHMOND VIRGINIA.

. •f,44^^^H4«la^-fMlMfMl4»45'f^

,14

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

July,

Tbe following Hit of paper* and periodical!
are tbe moat popular ones la thli section.
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whaterer
journal you wish:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va »5 00 15 00

The Post. Washington, D. C t 00 « 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md S 00 I 40

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50

Newt-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 S 00

TRI-WEEKLY.

The World (thrice-a-week). N. Y... 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Montgomery Advertiser 1 00 1 00

Nashville American GO 75

Breeder's Oasette 2 00 I IF

Hoard's Dairyman 100 135

Country Gentleman 150 175

Religious Herald, Richmond. Va. ... 2 00 2 25

Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 1 25

Central Preabyterlaa, " •' 2 00 2 25

Horseman S 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75

Dairy and Creamery 60 76

Commercial Poultry 50 75

All three 1 50 1 15

North American Review 600 500

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 26

St. Nicholas Magazine 300 325

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Harper'B Bazaar 100 140

Bcrlbner's Magazine 3 00 3 25

Prank Leslie's Magazine 100 135

Cosmopolitan Magazine 1 00 1 35

Everybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Muneey Magazine 100 135

Strand Magazine 126 1(5

McClure's Magazine 100 136

Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 160 J 76

Poultry Success 100 76

Rural Mechanics 100 55

Blooded Stock 60 (0

Successful Farming 100 76

Southern Fruit Grower 60 86

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of tbe publications named, you can ar-
rive at tbe net subscription price by deduct-
ing 60 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
as and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time doe* not expire
until later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa-
tion desired: we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periodicals.

Seed House of the South.

BUCKWHEAT.
OATS sod
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

*■ ~ *> WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street.
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, •*

<* _ _ _ , «f>

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO' NAME.

Apples.

Nectarines,

Pecans,

Ornamental i

Pears,

Cherry,

Chestnuts,

Shade Trees,

Peach,

Quinces,

Walnuts,

Evergreens,

Plum,

Almonds,

Small Fruits,

Koses, Etc.

Apricots

CALIFORNIA

PRIVET, tor Hedging.

WRITE FOR CATAL

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
«£, FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md.

£'f«f»4Hf^#^'f»4Mfe«f~f*f''f 'f ' 'ft «f "ft 't' 'f ' ■!■ 'I"t' 'I"I' 'I"I' 'I' ■?' ■

The American Field Fence

is even less than barb wire or wood
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and
prices.

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost
55 INCH.

Ai

IN.

I

c

:

39

IN. I

•

y

32

IN.

If

s

26

IN.

£

+

20

Pt

'k

'e

3ta

1

hm

3£E»S

THE TIGER DISC CULTIVATOR is
easily adjustable for all conditions.
The gangs can be set close together or
farther apart. Has foot levers for
changing direction of gangs by slight-
est pressure. Can be regulated for dif-
ferent depths, and to throw to or from
the row.

Wheels and Axles adjustable to fit
different width rows. Ball bearings,
Staggered spoke wheels.

The only implement needed for cul-
tivating any crop in rows.

The Tiger Wheel Cultivator for

walking or riding. Furnished with four
or six shovels or with eight spring teeth.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
times in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufactured and can be cleaned with-
out trouble to any one. Write us
for particulars.

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER
MILLS. All sizes and capacities
at low prices.

WOODS PATENT
SWING CHURN. The
quickest and cleanest but-
ter maker known. The
frame is made of Hollow
Steel Pipe, very light and
strong, and easily forms a
useful table. The churns
are furnished of either
wood or heavy tin.

BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUQOIES, CARRIAQES, MAR-
NESS ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTINO AND LAWN FENCINQ, CORN SHELLERS,
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES.

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines.

Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

Bs Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL

THIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in Virginia, in death claims
alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to anj Cajl ^ntemplating life insurance, or desiring to

e'°*co7jB

♦~ THE BEST COMPANY FOR THt . 1 Q4 HOLDER. ~*~

represent

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

1 — """ East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

I STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS A MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. It yon wiah fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Oowb, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use

DIXIE NERVE JLXTD BONE LINIMENT-Best on earth for Man ox

Beast. Large Bottle 25 eta. ; everywhere.

OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO., Richmond, Va.

Do you see THAT FELLOW at the wood saw? well he is SAWING Wood:
The Mill is Grinding Corn: OF COURSE YOU SEE

that here is a grind-
ing mill and horse
power combined,
either being work-
ed at pleasure.
Take away the
wood saw and belt
to a feed cutter if
you please.

tM* ts£ &

Can you conceive
of a greater labor
saver on the farm.

ASHTON STARKE, = Richmond, Va.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE AND NAME THIS PAPER.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. ELLKTT, President. WM. M. HILL, Casbier.

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS- $240,000.
RICHMOND. - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND,

VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, ...
J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol.65 AUGUST, 1904.

No. 8.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 515

Alfalfa in Virginia 518

Alfalfa in Virginia 519

Alfalfa in Tennessee 519

Alfalfa — Sheep Husbandry 520

Rape in Virginia 521

Curing Cow Pea Hay 521

Curing Cow Pea Hay 521

Grass Growing 522

Some Notes on July Planter 523

Nutritive Ratio of Plant Food in the Soil 524

Alfalfa Growing 525

Enquirers' Column (See Detail Index, p. 547) . . 525

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial — Work for the Month

Intensive Trucking . „UJ.

Experience with Pear Blight 532

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Milk Fever 534

Horse Breeding in Virginia 536

The Horse for the Farm 537

1 !

The Farm Horse 538

The Horse for the Southern Farmer. . . : 538

The Horse for the Virginia Farmer 539

The Farmer's Horse 539

THE POULTRY YARD:

The Best Kind of Grain Food 540

Cow Peas for Poultry 540

THE HORSE:

Notes 541

MISCELLANEOUS:

Editorial — The New Director of the Virginia

Experiment Station 542

A State Farjner's Organization Needed 542

• ) ame 542

Grass Seeding for Hay 543

A New Director Elected for the Virginia Ex-
periment Station 543

Disinfectants and Lice Killers 543

An Exodus 545

Making a Concrete Floor 546

Intensive Trucking 546

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DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture Is the nursing; mother of the Arts.— XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, August, 1904.

No. 8.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

During July, up to this writing (20th of the
month) we have had much more seasonable weather
than was the ease in the preceding months. The
average temperature has been nearer the normal, and
whilst we still lack much rainfall to make up the
usual average for the State, yet there have been heavy
thunder showers over nearly every section of the
State, and these, though not sufficient in many parts
to make good previous damage to crops, yet have help-
ed very materially. What is needed now is a good
general rain and then crop conditions would not fall
far short of an average.

Winter wheat harvest has been completed now all
through the country except in the extreme North-
west. Much damage has been done to grain in shock
in several of the leading producing States, and no
doubt the already deficient crop has been still fur-
ther reduced. We see no reason to alter our opinion,
that tlu- total wheat crop will be at least 100,000,000
bushels less than that of last year, even though the
spring wheat crop should realize the best that is ex-
pected of it. We notice that Mr. Hill, the president
of the Northern Pacific Railroad, who is recognized
as an authority on this subject, as it is his business
to provide for the transportation of the crop from the
North and West, confirms our opinion on the yield,
lie says that he does not expect the crop to exceed
600,000,000 bushels, which is even less than our
estimate. We have reports as to maii\ crops thresh
ed out in this State. They confirm our estimate as
to quantity. The quality, however, is in excess of the

average. We see no reason why farmers should be
in a hurry to market the crop. There is going to be
a strong demand for it later.

The oat crop promises a better yield than looked
at one time possible. Whilst winter oats have been
a comparative failure, the spring grown crop on ac-
count of the long continued cool weather has done
better than usual.

The corn crop is very varied in promise through-
out the South. There is an increase of about 2 per
cent, in the area planted, and in this increase all the
South Atlantic States participate. . The condition is
nearly up to the ten year average, and considerably
in excess of that of last year. We are afraid, how-
ever, that the crop is being injured by the excessive
heat and lack of moisture at the time of this writing.
We have had a number of parties in complaining of
the "rolling of the blades" — during the last few days.
Wherever cultivation has been at all neglected this is
sure to be the case, as there is a serious lack of mois-
ture in the ground.

The tobacco crop is making good progress in most
sections, but, like corn, needs rain. This crop will
lie materially smaller than for some years past. There
is a reduction in the area planted throughout the
country of nearly 25 per cent. The only increase
noted is in the suncnred section.

The cotton crop planted is a large otic, consider-
ably in excess of that of last year, and is making good

516

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

progress. There is every indication that the yield
will be large, but we do not anticipate that this will
cause the price to fall very seriously, as there is no
surplus crop carried over, and the demand will be
active for the new crop. Planters should arrange to
market judiciously, not rushing the crop on the
market, but supplying the staple as consumption and
not speculation calls for it.

The hay crop has been rather short in most sec-
tions, the weather having been too dry and cold for
it. There is promise, however, for a good second
crop, where the rains have been frequent. This crop
will, however, be largely supplemented by forage
crops which have been planted in greater area than
ever before. We have bad almost constant enquiry
as to these crops from sections from which we never
before heard on the subject. Sorghum, sorghum and
peas, cow peas, soy beans and millet have been widely
planted over the South, and the reports we hear from
these crops is very encouraging. When once farm-
ers realize what an immense amount of stock feed can
be raised in this way at little cost, and that when
judiciously fed so as to combine the carbohydrate and
protein crops in the ration, stock of all kinds can be
carried through a long winter not only without loss,
but with a constant increase in value, and at the same
time make a large manure heap, which will obviate
the necessity for buying fertilizer, there -will be no
need for us to urge this subject on the attention of
our subscribers. It is not even yet too late to sow
sorghum or sorghum and peas or millet for hay. We
bave known excellent crops of these to be made from
seed sown in August. Of course, crops planted so
late as August cannot make so large a yield as those
planted earlier, and they require more care and pa-
tience in curing them, but where there is likely to be
a deficiency in feed for stock during winter no hesi-
tation should be made in sowing this month.

The apple crop is likely to be a comparative fail-
ure. The fruit set badly, and much of that set has
since dropped. There is a fair crop of peaches on
the higher mountains, but in the valleys there are
none.

Live stock of all kinds is in good health through-
out the South, and has generally done well, as is
usually the case in a dry summer. The grass is
more nourishing than when forced into lush growth
by constant rain, and it stays in the animals better.
Tbere is, and is likely to be, a good demand for fat
stock on the local and Northern markets, as the strike

of the packing hands in the West has stopped the
killing of stock there to a very great extent. At this
writing there does not appear to be an early prospect
of a settlement of the strike, and Eastern and South-
ern markets will have to provide for their own wants.

The work of harvesting the spring sown forage
crops should have attention as they become ready.
If intended to be made into hay, the proper time to
cut the crop is when just coming into bloom, or in
the case of peas, when the first formed pods are turn-
ing yellow. At this time the stalk and leaves are
fullest of nutriment and will cure into the most pala-
table hay. Of course, where the crops have been
grown for the seed as well as the forage they must be
allowed to stand until the seed forms and nearly be-
comes ripe. In this issue will be found two articles
dealing with the much debated question as to how
best to cure pea vine hay. We can commend both
plans from personal experience. Practically they
pre what we have always advised — -viz., to cure the
crop like a heavy clover crop. Sorghum and sor-
ghum and peas hay should be cut and allowed to lie
as cut for twenty-four hours, and then be put into
windrow or small cocks to cure out. Sorghum alone
when grown for the forage and seed should be cut off
at the root like corn, and be allowed to lie on the
ground for several days to partially cure, and then
be set up in shocks like corn. Sorghum is not easily
spoiled by the weather, and therefore may remain in
the shocks without fear of loss until convenient to
house the same. Indeed, many large growers say
that it makes more palatable feed and is more cleanly
eaten by stock if always fed from the shocks all
winter. The stalks are sweeter and more succulent
than when stored in the barn.

Soy beans for hay should be cut when the first
pods are beginning to ripen, and be cured like pea
vine hay. When grown for seed the stalks should be-
tied in bundles and be set up in shocks to cure, and
should be handled as little as possible, and then only
when damp with clew, as the seed shells out badly in
dry, hot weather. Hogs should be turned into a soy
bean field after the crop is housed to glean the shat-
tered seed.

Millet should be cut when in bloom or just in ad-
vance of blooming, and it then makes a good hay,
which can safely be fed to either horses or cattle.
If the seed is allowed to form it is not a safe hay to
feed to horses. Some can eat it with impunity,
whilst in others it affects the kidneys seriously.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

>17

AAThen cut before the seed forms it makes better hay,
and does not draw on the land so heavily.

The corn for filling the silo will also by the end of
the month be ready for cutting. Do not, however,
be in too great a hurry to cut. Much of the silage
about which we hear complaints as to its sourness
and want of nutritiveness is the result of cutting the,
corn too early. It should be allowed to stand until
the ears are beginning to glaze and the stalks have
lost much of the water, which are a characteristic of
immature growth. It will still have enough mois-
ture in it to ensure that the bulk when packed in the
silo will heat sufficiently and pack closely enough to
exclude all air. I n this condition it will make sweet,
nutritive silage. When filling the silo see to it that
the sides and corners of the silo are kept well filled
and tramped solid, and that the ears of corn are
thrown from under the carrier or blower, where they
naturally accumulate, equally on the whole surface of
the silo, so that the feed shall be equally good all
through. When the silo is full, or the crop is all in,
then cover with a foot of marsh hay or cut straw or
cotton seed hulls and water this cover freely. It will
fill with mould in a few days and effectually seal and
preserve the silage.

The seeding of forage crops for winter and spring
grazing and for cutting for green feed in the spring
and for early hay, and, more important still, for mak-
ing a cover for the land during the winter and pre-
serving and improving its fertility, should have atten-
tion. This month and September are the best months
for seeding crimson clover and hairy vetch, the two
first crops to be sown. English vetch and rye may
be sown up to the end of November, commencing in
September or October. In our last issue we pxiblish-
ed several articles on crimson clover growing, and
refer our readers to them. We strongly advise that
the whole crop of crimson clover should not be all
seeded at one time. It is a plant easily killed by the
hot sun when just starting growth, and many good
stands are lost in this way every year. If, however,
part be seeded at one time, other part a week later,
and still more another week later, some is sure to
stand, and a crop be secured. When seeding crim-
son clover and the vetches always seed with them a
mixture of wheat, oats and rye, say from 10 to 15
pounds of the clover seed or 20 pounds of vetch seed
per acre, with three-quarters of a bushel of wheat,
"uis and rye mixed in equal parts. This will ensure
a crop, and make better grazing and feed than either
sown alone.

August and September are the two best months in
the year for seeding clover and grass in the South.
Let this matter have early attention. We need to
grow thousands of tons more of hay every year to.
meet our requirements. From recent statistics,
which we have seen, it seems probable that we now in
the State of Virginia alone import not less than from
750 to 1,000 cars of Western and Northern hay each
year. What the whole of the Southern States im-
port we are unable to say, but it must be an immense
quantity. Every pound of this can be grown profit-
ably at home, and ought to be. We are hoping to see
such attention given to the alfalfa crop, about which
we published much matter in our last issue, and as to
which crop there are several very encouraging articles
in this issue, that very much of this deficiency
shall be made good from this source alone. Alfalfa
hay is the most nutritious dry feed that can be grown
for all kinds of stock, and the possible yield per acre
is so large that every effort should be made to secure
a stand and an increased acreage each year. August
and September is the time when alfalfa seed should
be sown, and preparation of the land cannot begin too
soon. All the clover and grass crops require land in
a good state of fertility to ensure a stand, and, more
important still, they require that the preparation of
the seed bed should be the best. Plow deeply and
harrow and roll and reharrow and roll until the land
is as fine as a garden bed before thinking of sowing
a seed. An application of lime is also very essential
especially for the clovers, which will not grow in a
soil at all acid. In our last issue we published an
article from Mr. Clarke, probably the most success-
ful hay grower in the country, in which he gives par-
ticulars of the fertilizers which he uses to secure his
great yields, and to this we refer our readers for in-
formation on this point. We may say, however, that
we should not advise the use in the South of so large
a percentage of nitrate of soda in the fall as he ap-
plies, but should reserve this until spring, and then
apply it as a top dressing. The bone meal and pot
ash can safely, and ought to be, worked into the land
before seeding. Our own experience has convinced
us that for good, permanent results in grass growing
bone meal cannot be surpassed as a fertilizer. Any-
where from 300 to 600 pounds to the acre ought to be
applied, and the more the greater the profit in the
long run. We again repeat what we have so often
said, grow grass and clover alone and not with a
grain crop. Seed heavily. We would never sow
less than 2 bushels of grass seed to the acre, from 10
to 15 pounds of clover seed, and 20 pounds of alfalfa.
In seeding for a meadow select two or three varieties

51S

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August

of grass like orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass and
herds grass, which mature at the same time. For a
pasture mix a larger number of varieties which ma-
ture at different seasons, so as to ensure grazing for
as long a period as possible. For this purpose we
would add to the above varieties perennial rye, Vir-
ginia blue and meadow fescue. Sow with each seed-
ing some red clover or alsike, say 5 or 6 pounds to
the acre. Where Timothy succeeds it is a profitable
grass to grow, as there is always a demand for it on
the market. Sow a peck of the seed per acre, and
sow it alone. In this issue will be found an article
from Mr. Clark giving particulars of his first crop
of grass this year. "We would like to see some of our
farmers trv to excel this.

Though too earlv to seed wheat or oats, yet it is
not too early to begin to prepare the land for the
seeding of these crops. More of the success of the
crops depends on the preparation of the land before
seeding than upon the fertilizer applied. Plow deep
and break fine with the cultivator, roller and harrow
and keep these implements going over the land every
week or ten days until time to seed the crops. The
essential for success in wheat growing is a fine,
deeply broken seed bed. yet with a compact sub-
surface and free from weeds.

Turnips should be sown this month. Prepare the
land finely and make it rich if you expect to make a
heavy crop. Farm yard manure and acid phosphate
are the proper fertilizers to apply, and they should
be well worked into the land with the cultivator and
harrow. To make the best crop the seed should be
sown in drills 2 feet apart, and after the plants have
grown the first rough leaves they should be thinned
to stand 10 inches apart in the rows. Grown in this
way from 20 to 30 tons to the acre can be raised.
Ruta bagas should be sown first, as they take longer
to mature, and common turnips later in the month
and in September. Every man who keeps a cow or
sheep ought to grow turnips. They are almost es-
sential to successful sheep husbandry and a great
help with cattle.

Dwarf Essex rape should be sown this month for
fall and spring grazing for the hogs and sheep. Pre-
pare the land as for turnips and sow in drills in the
same way as advised for that crop if the best are
desired. The seed may, however, be sown broadcast'
if time does not allow of drilling and thinning.
Three pounds of seed will be stifficient per acre if
.-own in drills or 5 pounds seeded broadcast. Do not

turn the stock on too soon, and do not graze too
closely, and you will have a pasture both in fall and
spring.

ALFALFA IN VIRGINIA.
Editor Southern Planter:

Replying to your request for experience with al-
falfa, my desire to settle more fully some uncertain
points, has held me back until now.

We prepared a plot of four acres February, 1903,
for potatoes, a deep, rich loam, top dressing with
scrapings of summer cattle vard, about 7 loads per
acre, no other fertilizer. A large crop of potatoes
came off first of July, 1903. The plat was plowed,
disced and harrowed late in August. About Septem-
ber first seeded with alfalfa, 1-4 pounds per acre
(much more than was needed), using an ordinary
<hoe drill. No other seed mixed with it. This made
a good stool during the fall and started off vigorously
in the spring. When about 6 inches high some
streaks or strips seemed to cease to grow, remaining
so for some time. On seeking for the cause I found
that these light strips were where the manure had
come from the horse barn ; all the rest, being nearly
all the plat, came on as though treated with bacteria,
which I found to be present. As there had been no
alfalfa on the farm previously, I ascribe this to the
sweet clover (Mellilotus Alba), to which the cows
had access while using that yard where I got the
most of the manure. The lighter parts came on
better after a while, and at first cutting. May 26th,
the average height was about 3 feet, some of the
tallest measuring 4 feet. First cutting gave one and
one-half tons per acre cured hay (estimated). The
second started off more evenly and made less height,
lint thicker, cutting, July 1st, about the same yield
per acre as the first time. A beautiful new growth
is in sight at this writing. Most of this plat was in
good tillage, but at one spot there was a very heavy
sod of Bermuda grass. I have watched this spot
with considerable interest, as I knew there would be
a fight for life between these two giants. The al-
falfa had the advantage in one way, being a good
fall and early spring grower, but, on the other hand,
the Bermuda had solid possession. The result so far
is that the alfalfa got a good root and came on so
rigorously before it was warm enough for the Ber-
muda that the grass made a very poor showing. After
the first cutting it brightened up a little, but was so
soon under again that it now seems about to give up
the battle, while the alfalfa is as large there as any-
where in the lot. I sowed another plat about Octo-

1004.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

P19

ber 1st last, but failed entirely to get a stand, al-
though the ground had been well prepared. I be-
lieve September 1st, and without a nurse crop, is the
best time to seed it.

Everything eats alfalfa, and we should seed more
of it and have better and more stock to eat it.

York Co., Va. B. F. Weight.

ALFALFA IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

In your June issue of Southern Plaxter you
requested your patrons to write you briefly their ex-
perience and observation with the growth and culti-
vation of alfalfa. More than twenty years ag<:> while
travelling in the Territories and on the Pacific Coast
I first had my attention directed to the growth of
alfalfa. In fact, I saw nothing of the grass or ha\
kind growing after I had gone through the Platte
Valley, in Nebraska, to the Pacific Coast, except al-
falfa. I was told in California the roots of alfalfa
would grow till they reached water, and have beer,
known to go forty feet in the West. On my return
from California I bought some seed to experiment
with and sowed it on a rich gray soil in my garden.
I sowed the seed in September. The seed germi-
nated quickly and grew vigorously, and for twenty
years held its own against all noxious growths till
finally the heavy weeds smothered it. I noticed each
succeeding year of its growth about the last of April
the alfalfa would be matured enough to harvest, and
T suppose about three crops could have been harvested
from its growth during the year. Last September a
year ago I selected three small plats on the farm to
again test its merits. Two of the plats were elevated
land, with the gray primitive soil with the red clay
subsoil. The seed germinated quickly and grew
vigorously. The plats were near the farm-yard.
and the chickens during the winter season destroyed
ihe alfalfa, root and branch. The following April
I replowed the plats and reduced them to a fine tilth
and resowed them in alfalfa, and to-day have as vigor-
ous a growth of alfalfa or Chilian clover as can be
found in Utah or California. This is where the
st"ek has not been allowed to trample upon it to its
injury. The third plat selected was on a very steep
place, and while the growth here is sporadic, it shows
a strong, healthy growth. Two years ago I saw in
Albemarle county, Va., as fine a growth of alfalfa as
I have ever seen, growing on a red steep hill. I am
of the opinion that alfalfa will grow anywhere in
Virginia where white or red clover will grow. It
might be necessary to sow and resow the land two or

three times to insure a satisfactory stand, and I am
of the opinion that the cheapest and surest way to
inoculate the soil is to sow the seed. In sowing one
of these plats a few seed fell on barren, hard spots
near the road side, and they are growing as vigor-
ously as if they had been sown on better selected
earth. I mention this to show that the alfalfa will
grow here under unfavorable conditions even.

H. E. Wood.
Fluvanna Co., Va., June 23, 1904.

ALFALFA IN TENNESSEE.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the year 1901 I began the culture of alfalfa in
an entirely experimental way, upon the advice of the
greatest advocate of alfalfa east of the Mississippi
river, Mr. Joseph E. Wing, of Ohio, who has been
growing it successfully for ten years or more on his
Woodlawn Farm. I had an old stable lot of one and
a third acres, on one side of which grows a row of
thick and tall osage orange trees, and the soil of
which was fairly representative of the whole of our
tillable land, with the advantage obtained from hav-
ing been an old stable site. We plowed this ground
during the last week of February, and after having
worked it over thoroughly several times with a har-
row, on the 6th of March sowed 20 pounds of alfalfa
seed and a bushel of spring barley. They both came
up quickly and made good stands, and about the last
week of June (rather too late to leave a nurse crop
on) the barley ripened and was cut, leaving the al-
falfa plants, small and sickly in appearance, but thick
enough to be called a fair stand. The alfalfa made
verv little growth during the month of July, owing
to the absence of moisture, and on the first of August
I ran the mower over it, cutting it as close as possi-
ble to the ground. Luckily we had a^ light shower
shortly afterward, when the alfalfa sprang up thick
and strong over the whole plot, and in another month
we were able to cut it again, and took off probably a
half ton of hay. The growth of the month of Sep-
tember was allowed to die down at frost and mulch
the ground for the winter. The next season, 1902,
we cut this plot three times, beginning the last week
of May. and after August 1st the plot was used en-
tirely for pasture, affording excellent pasture, used
ir. connected with blue grass, for sheep and cattle,
until frost again. In 1903 I was able to cut the
first crop about the first of June, and tried to keep an
estimate, according to the convenience? at hand, of
the yield per acre. The first crop, which contained
some red and white clover when cured, weighed 4,400

520

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

pounds per acre. I did not weigh the succeeding
crops, but as near as I could estimate it, the second
crop, cut before the first of July, made at least 3,000
pounds; the third crop, cut some four weeks later,
was excellent, and I am convinced that it produced
at least two tons to the acre. The last crop was cut
about the first of September, and made about 1,500
pounds of hay. I am sure that we made at least six
tons of good barn dry hay per acre on this plot last
season. The first crop only has been cut this year,
and it is fully up to any yield the plot has made here-
tofore, in spite of the fact that a small percentage of
the plants were frozen out during the winter. We
finished putting up the hay about the 20th of May,
having been delayed by rains just at the time it
should have been cut, and by the 2d of June had
about fifteen inches growth on the next crop. Alto-
gether, we are perfectly satisfied with the experi-
ment on this piece and on another plot of five acres
sown in the fall of 1901, and other seedings have
done as well as we could hope for. It is our expec-
tation to begin this fall and next spring and increase
our acreage in alfalfa to two hundred acres as fast
as possible. It is our experience that good hay can
be more easily made from alfalfa than from anv
other clover or grass we have ever grown. The hay
can be cured into a beautiful tea green, with all the
aroma, and evenness of quality of the freshly mown
hay field. I have found it a safe and profitable feed
for all kinds of live stock under varied conditions.

A word on the subject of inoculation. My obser-
vation of this plot during the first year of its growth
showed that only here and there in spots or streaks
where the soil was particularly ferdile did the alfalfa
plants show the dark green color and strong foliage,
indicative of good health. The second year almost
half the plot showed this feature, and the third year,
1903, the whole plot was of the desired color and
strength. It will be remembered that the alfalfa
bacteria was not exploited until the spring of 1903,
but the accounts appearing in the leading farm papers
and Experiment Station bulletins led me to investi-
gate the roots of our alfalfa for nodules. They were
found in great abundance over all parts of the plot,
and as luck would have it, also had spread to the
other patch, probably from using the same tools on
both plots, the rake being a siipposedly reasonable
means of scattering the bacteria.

My experience leads me to believe that September
1st to 15th is the best time for sowing alfalfa in the
South. Failing to get a stand at that time, or in case
of loss by freezing out in winter, I think the stand
could be renewed on the same ground in latter part

of February or almost any time in March, by reseed-
ing with disk drill. Do not sow a nurse crop with
the fall seeding, but see that the ground is broken up
as early as possible in the summer, and thoroughly
worked into a fine and dusty seed bed before putting
on the seed. I believe the seed should be put in with
a drill at the rate of 12 to 15 pounds per acre, and
not more than one to one and a half inches in depth.
In view of the lights before us on the inoculation
theory, I think it would be folly to sow alfalfa with-
out in some manner inoculating the soil or the seed.
The soil can be inoculated by simply sowing soil off
an old and well-established field of alfalfa, showing
the bacteria-bearing nodules on the roots. Prof.
Soule, however, recommends taking a given amount
of this soil and mixing the seed before sowing. This,
no doubt, would give a more even distribution of the
bacteria, but you can readily understand that the soil
does not have to be sown with quite the same care as
the seed, and if the higher parts of a plot are well
inoculated the infection will soon spread by the natu-
ral drainage and cover the whole plot, as was the case
with my first experimental piece.

Geo. Campbell Brown.
Ewett Farm, Maury Co., Tenn.

ALFALFA— SHEEP HUSBANDRY.

Editor Southern Planter:

I notice your discussion on alfalfa. I will give
you my small experience.

I sowed it in spring as directed, and had great
trouble to keep the weeds down. I have been accus-
tomed for some years to sow red clover or scarlet
clover in my corn at last working. Twice by chance
I got seed which had some alfalfa in it. I had no
trouble whatever with it. It withstood the drouth
and the winter better than the red clover or scarlet.
If it will do this here at this elevation of 2,500 feet,
I feel quite sure there is no place in the "Old State"
where it would not winter.

Being a native of the "Old State," I am rejoiced
to see the interest there manifested in legumes and
sheep. I think I can reply to the man who wished
to know why the English could keep such large flocks,
while we could not.

In the first place, the English provide an abun-
dance of food for their flocks at all seasons of the
year, and do not give an alternate feast and famine :
secondly, that food is provided in small inclosures
so that the sheep are moved frequently to uninfected
soil ; thirdly, the food is much of it upon tilled soil,

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

521

and this tillage destroys the infection and keeps the
soil and sheep in health.

One of the very best sheep dips is made by a very
•weak solution of tobacco, to which hardwood ashes
are added until it will kill ticks. This may be known
by catching a few ticks and putting them in the dip,
then place them on a board; if in a few moments they
are dead the dip is all right; if not, add more ashes.
I never tried it, but I believe the ashes themselves
would make an effective dip. M. A. Dunlap.

Pocahontas Co., W. Va.

RAPE IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

I saw to-day an interesting experiment with the
cultivation of rape. It is on the farm of H. H.
Hudgins, Esq., near Columbia (Fluvanna county).
About the last of March Mr. Hudgins sowed one-
third of an acre of his farm in rape. The first of
May he turned twenty hogs upon it. These hogs
have grazed it continuously since, and with a small
ration of corn, have kept in excellent condition and
with no perceptible loss in the growth of the rape.
With these hard times upon us, and corn scarce, if the
farmers would sow small areas in rape it would en-
able them to feed their hogs at a comparatively small
cost. I think Mr. Hudgins told me the seed he sow
ed on the one-third acre cost him twenty-eight cents.
The rape seed was sown as turnip seed is usually
sown. H. E. Wood.

Fluvanna Co., Va.

CURING COW PEA HAY.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the last two years I have cured 120 acres of
cow pea hay, the season of 1002 being dry and that
of 1903 wet, making a very fine hay in the dry
weather and a good hay in the wet. The method used
1 " -i Tiir different from any I have heard of, may be of
interest, and I give it.

I cut the cow peas when the first leaves begin to
turn yellow, follow the mower immediately with a
horse rake, and follow the rake immediately with men
and forks, who segregate the rows into small piles,
not over three feet in diameter and eighteen inches
high, leaving them as puffy as possible. In this way
the hay i~ got into piles, constituting a good fork full,
unwilted and full of leaves ; the warm air penetrates
easily and it is cured green. In a week, weather
favoring, the hay will be fit to put away. Should it
rain. I wait patiently until the sun and air dry the

piles, except at the bottom, and then one movement
of the fork turns the pile over. If rain again falls
before the hay is secured, the waiting and turning
process is repeated. I put the hay in ricks 12 feet
wide and as high as possible, for it settles a great
deal, and as soon as the rick is finished thatch it with
straw or fodder so as to turn water. The difference
between this method of curing and others usually
practiced is the small pile used, which dries more
quickly than a large one, and which permits the
water to run through, instead of being caught and
retained in the middle of a shock, causing mold and
rot. F. Sjvowden Hill.

Prince George Co., Md.

CURING COW PEA HAY.

Several methods of seeding cow peas may be fol-
lowed. Broadcasting is commonly practiced, but
that requires more seed and it is not easy to distribute
them evenly, and if the weather is particularly dry
the stand will not be so uniform as where a drill is
used. At the station it is found preferable to use an
ordinary grain drill, stopping up every other tube.
This puts the peas in drills about sixteen inches
apart. The seed should be covered by about three
inches of dirt, which ensures a moist seed bed and
quick germination. By utilizing the drill a more
uniform stand can be secured and less seed is re-
quired than in other ways. Where the drill is used
the land can be cultivated once or at most twice, so
as to destroy weeds, break up the crust and preserve
a dust mulch, all very desirable ends, especially in
case of a drouth year. Where the peas are grown in
drills they do not tangle so badly as where seeded
broadcast, and it is easier to cut and separate them
when making the hay.

As already suggested it is best to have the crop
ready for hay making from the last week in July to
the middle of August, as the weather is generally set-
tled at that time and evaporation is most rapid. The
peas are ready to cut for hay when the lower leaves
are beginning to turn yellow, the pods well formed,
the peas well hardened and the pods assuming a yel-
lowish tinge. If cut before this time the crop is not
sufficiently matured to contain the highest percentage
of food nutrients, while if permitted to stow older
the leaves become dry and brittle, and as they are the
richest in protein their loss is to be avoided. It is
not at all difficult to decide from the description given
when the proper time has arrived to cut peas for hay,
though judging by the correspondence of the station
it seems to be a difficult question to decide on the
average farm. It is best to cut the peas in the morn-
ing if possible, and especially when there is little or
no dew on them. Thev should then be allowed to

522

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,.

wilt in the sun all day and be run over with a tedder
next morning. The tedder completely inverts them
and leaves them loosely strewn over the ground, thus
aiding rapid evaporation and ensuring quick drying.
The same evening they may be raked into windrows,
and if the weather is fair, left to cure further in this
condition for a day or two, depending on the amount
and strength of the sunshine, as it is always necessary
to prevent the leaves becoming so dry and brittle that
they thresh off the vines.

After remaining in windrows until fairly well
cured, gather the peas into small stooks and let them
stand for a day or two, then at the end of twenty-
four to forty-eight hours gather into large ones.
These may then be capped with a fork full of straw,
and the hay can then be permitted to stay in the field
for a week or ten days, or until it becomes thoroughly
cured. The small forkful of straw placed on the
top of each stook acts as a "watershed," and is much
cheaper and more satisfactory than any other form
of capping that we have tried. Hay caps of ducking
have hitherto proved too expensive and required more
time to put on, take off and dry out and put away
than where straw is used. If the straw is loaded on
a hay rack and driven through the field, the man on
the wagon can cap the stooks as he goes along and
cover a great many of them in a short time. When
the hay is cured and ready to go to the barn, the straw
can be gathered in with the hay. If that seems ob-
jectionable it may be gathered up and used for bed-
ding or scattered on the ground as deemed preferable.
While some may think the method outlined involves
considerable labor, it is the simplest, easiest and
surest method of curing pea hay that we have tried.
The hay will be ready to store in the barn when a
small amount twisted together fails to show any ap-
parent moisture. It is preferable to store the hay in
large masses, thoroughly salting it and packing' it
down as tightly as possible to exclude the air. Then
let it alone. Even if it should heat after it has been
carefully field cured, if it is not disturbed it will
come out clean and bright and in the best possible
condition. Many people destroy their pea crop by
attempting to open up the mass if they feel it begin to
grow warm. Let it alone and it will come out all
right. Many others fail because they do not put the
hay in large enough masses or pack it well enough.

Other ways of curing pea hay are frequently sug-
gested, and some of them are doubtless excellent in
their details, but to date, the one given has proved
uniformly satisfactory. We have been able to cure
out a bright, clean, fresh pea bay with a delightful
aroma from orons cut all the way from the middle of
July to the middle of October, and it would seem that
while it might involve a little more labor and trouble
than some writers advocate, its uniform safety makes
it the best method to pursue in the long run.

The difficulty of curing pea hay is due to the im-

mense amount of water which the crop contains at
the time it is ordinarily ready to cut for hay.

The following figures are interesting on that ac-
count :

Green
Variety. weight

Lbs.

Taylor 22,500

Wonderful 21,400

Clay 20,700

P.Iackeye 18,000

Whippoorwill 16,500

— Prof. A. M. Soule, in Breeder's Gazette.

Cured

Water

weight

lost

Lbs.

Lbs.

6,200

16,300

5,200

16,200

4,900

15,800

5,150

12,850

4,800

11,700

GRASS GROWING.

Editor Southern Planter:

Herewith find report of my 1904 first crop of
grass. The season has been a backward one for most
crops. The grass, as a whole, is light, mine is better
than last year, the first crop last year on fourteen and
five-eighths acres was 55 tons, 729 pounds. This
year on eleven and one-third acres there was 60 tons,
175 pounds, nearly five and one-half tons per acre.
I have found thus far that potash will make the grass
stand up whether wet or dry. My seventh-eighths
acre field is the best this year that it has ever been.
Many others who have adopted my method have here-
tofore secured eight tons of dry hay to the acre in
one crop, but until this roar my best hay has been
seven and three-quarter tons. This seven-eighths
acre field has produced from one seeding in fourteen
and one-half years 121i tons of dry hay. Many have
beaten me in a single crop, but I think this record is
a world beater. Some say the fertilizer I use, made
of bone, nrariate of potash and nitrate of soda, is not
all soluble. That may be so, but with this compound
and the intense culture given I get -from six to ten
tons of dry hay yearly. If any of your friends will
send me a 2-cent stamp I will send them a circular to
tell them how. The one-quarter acre field which pro-
duced 6,401 pounds in three crops in 1903 yielded
the first crop this year, 3,2(51 pounds. The fertil-
izer was put on this section last fall. I am experi-
menting to find out what is the best time to apply
the fertilizer, whether fall, spring or both. Shall
report later. I tried three and one-half acres of oats
for hay. Sowed 22 bushels, cut them July 11th.
Put them in the barn the 16th. Had four days' good
sunshine; they wore very dry. Thev weighed eleven
and one-half tons, cost $6 per ton in the barn. They
make excellent hay. The five and one-half acre
plum orchard is loaded with plums. Hope to reporl
more profit this year in plums. The trouble with

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

523

plums is that there is so little time to market them,
one bad storm and they go by.

Iiigganum, Ct. George M. Clark.

SOME NOTES ON JULY PLANTER.

Editor Southern Planter:

Referring to the Editor's remarks on my contribu-
tion to the July number of the Southern Planter,
I have no doubt that the results in Rhode Island
were correct, and that acid phosphate gives better re-
sults on land that was acid and sweetened by lime
than it would on an acid soil. But this fact does not
militate against the fact that lime in contact with
acid phosphate will revert the phosphoric acid. Lim-
ing land and afterwards using acid phosphate is all
right, but lime in direct contact with phosphoric acid
is all wrong.

seeding to grass.

Stick to that advice you give the Amelia county
man, to sow grass without a nurse crop. A friend
of mine was recently visiting in West Virginia and
met a farmer there who said to him : "Massey advised
sowing grass alone, and my neighbors said that it
would not do, but that it was necessary here to sow
with fall grain. But I took his advice and now have
the best stand of grass in the whole neighborhood,
and my neighbors are watching my experiment
closely." One may get a good stand of grass in a
grain field and then lose it by the sudden exposure to
the hot sun after harvest. Another common reason
fnr failure in grass and clover is the sowing of too
little seed. I was often laughed at in Virginia for
sowing clover alone, 15 pounds of seed per acre. But
my clover crop was always enough heavier than the
crops of those who laughed and sowed six to eight
pounds to pay for ten times the amount of seed used.

SORREL.

The growth of sorrel is usuallv an indication not
only of poverty in the soil, but of acidity. Not that
the acid in the sorrel comes from the soil, for it really
comes from the air, but because sorrel can abide an
acid condition in the soil that clover cannot. Hence
the use of lime will bring about conditions more
favorable to the clover and enable it to overcome the
sorrel that prefers the acid condition.

TOMATOES.

The tomato crop has always been a favorite one
with me both in the garden and as a truck crop in the
field. I agree with Mr. Price, that it does not pay
to stake and prune tomatoes in field culture. But in
my garden I find that I can get earlier, more and
better fruit from the same area by staking and prun-
ing, though at far greater expense and labor. I set
my garden plants in rows three feet apart and the
plants two feet apart in the rows, and then train to

one stem and tie to stakes. But if I was growing
them for the canning factory I would give the plants
more room and never prune or train. Another thing
I have found out years ago in regard to tomatoes. T
can get smoother fruit and a more perfect crop on
mellow farm land that will not make more than 25
to 30 bushels of corn per acre than in a rich old gar-
den soil, plowing under in the field a light broadcast
dressing of manure. The thinner soil will bring
earlier fruit, too, than the rich soil, and there will be
less rot without spraying. Mulching the tomato
plants with straw is an advantage in a dry season, but
exactly the reverse when the season is wet. The to-
mato is very fastidious about moisture. If the
weather is very dry they do not do well, and then if
it gets too wet it is just as bad for them. I keep the
crust broken between the rows all the time to retain
moisture in dry weather, doing it very shallow, even
when they are fruiting and ripening.

VELVET BEANS.

Growers in the extreme southern part of this State
in sandy soils on the Atlantic Coast R. R. claim that
notwithstanding the great mass of growth the beans
make they are more easily secured than the cow pea,
since they are planted so wide apart that there are
fewer attachments to soil. In an experiment I made
h ere years ago the beans were planted eight feet
apart, and we started at one side of the plot and
rolled them over and over, cutting them loose as
rolled, and cleared the ground completely. But the
job then was separating them for loading, and on a
large scale it would be necessary to slice them into
squares. But you are right in your advice in regard
to them for any locality north of the southern corner
of North Carolina.

DUAL PURPOSE SHORTHORNS.

I think that what you say in regard to these sim-
ply shows that the stock indicated have been bred
into dairy Shorthorns, and have gotten a dairy type,
and hence are valuable for the dairy. But that they
can be at the same time the best beef makers is a
physical impossibility. There were in this country
in my boyhood a great many deep milking Shorthorns
or Durhams, as we called them, and they were of
pure dairy conformation. But they have been bred
out by the general breeding of the breed for beef, and
while here and there we have deeprnilking Short-
horns, they are sports or freaks, and will not traiis-
mit their milking qualities when bred to a modern
Shorthorn bull. The best beef quality and the best
dairy quality cannot be combined in the same animal,
and while we may get a half and half cow, the real
dual purpose is a myth. You can ruin a beef breed
by trying to make good milkers for- the dairy o\it of
them. I would as soon think of training: a bull dog
l.i hunt quail and expect him to do it like a Setter
that is '•'built that way." Just as well expect a Per-

524

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

AugUSt,

cheron to beat a Standard bred trotter on the track as
i.i expect the finest dairy performance from a breed
bred for beef. The two characters are too diverse.
W. F. Massey, Editor of Practical Farmer.

In our remarks on the advisability of giving atten-
tion to the breeding of dual purpose cows we relied
not merely on recorded tests of what these animals
have done, but largely on our own personal experience
in handling cattle of this type. We found them good
at the pail and good as makers of beef and as pro-
ducers of beef steers. We have kept numbers of
these dual purpose cows which gave an average of
five gallons of milk per day for weeks after calving,
and made from 14 to 22 pounds of butter per week,
and which, when they failed to breed made 1,500
pound beef animals. In connection with this sub-
ject a series of studies made at the Wisconsin Ex-
periment Station, extending continuously over nearly
five years, is very instructive. In the summary of
the conclusions reached the author of the report say :
"The cows in the University herd may be considered
as representing- three different types of cows — viz.,
extreme dairy type, large dairy type, and dual pur-
pose type. If the results for cows of the same type
be averaged, we find that the large dairy cows lead in
average annual production of fat with 325 pounds,
the extreme dairy cows being next with 310 pounds,
and the dual purpose cows last with 293 pounds. The
rank of the cows according to net profit returned de-
creased in the same order from $45 for the large
dairy cows to $35 for the dual purpose cows. In the
opinion of the authors cows of the large dairy type of
the particular breed suiting the fancy of the farmer
and weighing, say 1,000 pounds or more, will, every-
thing considered, be found most satisfactory for the
dairy farmer. Cows of the dual purpose type, on
the other hand, are to be recommended for farmers
who wish to utilize more or less of the rough feed pro-
duced on their farms for raising beef for the market
in conjunction with keeping a number of cows for
milk production." As farmers who are simply and
solely dairymen are and always must continue to
form a large minority of the farmers of the country.
the wisdom of breeding and improving the type of
dual purpose cows cannot, be questioned or disposed
of by saying that this type of cow is not as perfect as
a purely dairy or beef type for the specific object for
which the different types may be kept. Where there
is one farmer wanting a purely dairy or purely beef
animal there are hundreds who want an animal that
will make both milk, butter and beef, and will bring
calves which will profitably consume the roughage of
t'ie farm and turn it into beef. — En.

NUTRITIVE RATIO OF PLANT FOOD IN THE SOIL

Editor Southern Planter:

Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, in Bulletin No.
22, Bureau of Soils, says: "The idea now held by
the Bureau as a result of these investigations is that
the ratio of the nutrient elements in normal soils
does not play a very important part in the yield of
crops." (Page 62.) Again: "This (a defective nu-
tritive ration) cannot be in general an important
cause of low crop yields, and that the subject of nu-
tritive ration can, therefore, safely be put aside for
the present as of relatively little importance to the
farmer." (Page 62.) And, again, on page 63:
"There is no obvious relation between the amount of
the several nutritive elements in the soil and the
yield of crops." . . . "The conclusion logically
follows that on the average farm the great controll-
ing factor in the yield of crops is not the amount of
plant fond in the soil." . . . "It appears fur-
ther that practically (theoretically) all soils contain
sufficient plant food for good crop yield." (Page
64.)

I return now to page 62: "It would appear from
the results given in this bulletin that plants can and
do yield ordinary crops, though growing in media
containing very small traces of all of the plant foods,
while if the amount of these plant foods is increased
a thousand times, as in the case of our alkali soils of
the West, where potash, lime, phosphoric acid and
nitrates are frequently found in very large amounts,
they are unable to give corresponding increases in the
yield."

By the way of answer to the above extracts and
more particularly the latter clause, I do not propose
to quote authorities, but simply call the reader's at-
tention to what has actually been accomplished along
(bis line, and in confutation of above ideas, by actual
practical farmers on the farm.

I will cite first the case of Mr. Z. J. Drake, who
grew 255 hushels of shelled corn, or 239 bushels of
crib cured corn per acre. I have enjoyed the pleas-
ure of conversing personally with Mr. DrakeL and
also of closely examining the prize acre, and derived
quite valuable information from the former and in-
terest and instruction from the latter. This contest,
premium or prize acre had been so completely ex-
hausted of its original store of fertility by continuous
cotton culture that its maximum yield under ordinary
culture was but five bushels of corn per acre; and it,
together with the land contiguous to it, was so out-
rageously and notoriously poor that it received the
rather opprobrious epithet of "Starvation's Empire."
By liberal manuring with the rakings and scrapings
of cow lots, fence corners, etc., and stable manure,
Mr. Drake so improved it as to gather 800 pounds of
seed cotton per acre. About this time1 the "Ameri-
can Agriculturist" prize was offered, and Mr. Drake,
seeing his opportunity, went in to win, and won.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLAXTER

52c

Now, according to the idea of Messrs. .Whitney and
Cameron, this truly wonderful increase in yield was
due, not to added plant food, but, first, " to improving
the texture of the soil" ; second, "the organic matter
content" ; third, "the structure of the soil" or "the
arrangement of the soil grains" ; and fourth, "physi-
cal factor the exact nature of which is yet to be de-
termined." Xow, without wishing to underrate the
importance of "efficient methods of cultivation" and
their efficiency in increasing crop yields ; I would call
the reader's attention to the fact that in this instance,
the only difference in cultural methods pursued in the
making of 5 and 255 bushels per acre was that, in
the latter case, a subsoil plow was run in the turning
plow furrows to a depth of 12 inches. As this has
been done in thousands of instances, yet no wonder-
ful increase of crop yield has followed, I am forced to
the conclusion that the increase was due to but two
things — first, the added plant food; and second, an
exceptionally favorable season.

In thirty-five years of actual experience in practi-

Mr. Turner sends us another article in continua-
tion of this subject, which we intend to publish in
our September issue. We may then make some re-
marks on the question ourselves, as we took occasion
to comment favorably on the celebrated Bull. 22.
Whilst the deductions drawn from the experiments
made by Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, as published
in Bull. 22, have been the subject of adverse com-
ment by a number of scientific agriculturists, we be-
lieve still, and this belief is based on our own prac-
tical experience, that those deductions are in the
main sound. There is more in crop production than
is covered by the quantitv of plant food supplied. —
Ed.

ALFALFA GROWING.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am glad to know that you are going to give the
special aid of your valuable journal to alfalfa the

cal farming. I have learned some things about maxi ,

■ ij ii ,i i i . • i ,i .greatest grass known, and one destined to revolution-

mum crop vields and now they may be obtained that r , r _, ' , .

are not found in the bulletin of Messrs. Whitney and . 17;e farming m the South, if sown by the right parties.

You well know cotton was called king, then iron, then

Cameron. Those gentlemen tend to make obscurity
more obscure by stating that "the great controlling
factor in the yield of crops is not the amount of plant
food in the soil, but it it> a physical factor the exact
nature of which is yet to be determined."

They would strive to bring to naught the research
and labor of centuries, and give us absolutely nothing
in its place. They would wantonly destroy the bread
and give us a stone in place of it. I lay no claim to
being even a little piece of a scientist, yet I am not
willing that the light we now have should be ob-
scured in any such a manner. "Effects follow
causes" or they do not. Which is it ?

Thoroughly enrich, by adding plant food,, a piece
of land, then just 'tickle it with a hoe and it will
laugh with a harvest." All the deep preparation and
thorough culture possible will not make a sterile soil
produce maximum crop yields unless plant food be
added. Aside from a few soils that are decidedly
deficient in some elements, though they probably con-
tain an excess of other elements just as important :
a condition of things that, of course, needs correcting
by restoring the equilibrium or "balance" ; I care but
little for "ratio" or even the "law of minimum" ;
what I do care about in most instances is the "law of
maximum," for the reason that that is just what it
takes to bring about production of maximum (i. e.,
greatest possible) crop yields; the soil must contain
an excess of all the elements of plant food in avail-
able form over and above any and all requirements
the plants can possibly make upon it. A bountiful
supply of all the elements of plant food must be pro-
vided, whether artificially or otherwise.

Gomez, Miss. G. H. Turner.

corn, (correct me if I am wrong) ; but if you and I
are spared 10 years we will hear the cry go up from
all over the land, "Hail to king alfalfa." I would
say to all who expect to sow it, don't, don't, use any-
thing but home-grown seed, which the Breeders' Ga-
zette has been trying to beat into our heads for three
years. I would say to any one thinking of sowing
alfalfa, follow close the advice of the editor of the
Southern Planter, inoculate your seed, keep down
the weeds and success is in sight, provided you have
alfalfa land. Three things are essential to the growth
of alfalfa east of the Blue Ridge and South of the
Potomac. G. G. G. ! Grit, Git, Gumpton.

"Lay on McDuff." B. B. Buchannan.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the nest month's issue.

Plant for Name.

I enclose a stalk of a plant that comes up in the
clover. What is the name and what is the feed
value ? Some of it grew four and one-half feet high.
How much seed per acre should be mixed with red
clover? L. C. Godwin.

Accomac Co., Ya.

The plant sent is Cheat (in some sections called
Chess). It is considered a pest wherever it is found.

526

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

It is the plant which so often takes the place of a
crop of winter oats when the same has been winter
killed. There has been a great deal of it in the State
this year. It is either introduced into the land with
the oat seed or is lying dormant in the land waiting
for a favorable opportunity to grow. It should be
destroyed wherever found, as it is of little value as
feed, and is sure, if not kept out of the land, to come
up when not wanted. — Ed.

The Rye Crop.

An enquirer asks what is our average crop of rye
in this country.

The average crop of the United States for the last
rive years was 15 bushels to the acre.

In Virginia the average for the past five years was
10 bushels to the acre.

In Washington and Montana States the yield is
often from 25 to 30 bushels to the acre.

In Virginia we do not find records of more than
12 bushels to the acre. We have no doubt, however,
but that on good land with proper preparation twice
that yield could easily be grown in Virginia. Rye
is usually here grown on thin land and mainly for
pasture, and this does not conduce to a very heavy
vield. — Ed.

Skippers in Meat.

Seeing an inquiry in your paper about how to get
skippers out of meat, I advise that you use carbon
bisulphide just as you would on grain. Do not pour
if on tlic moat. Put it in a saucer and let it evapo-
rate. The meat must be in a tight box or barrel
Have used this treatment with excellent results.

New Kent Co., Va. R. B. Fouxt Le Rot.

Skippers in Hams.

In glancing over the July number I find on page
463 :di inquiry as to skippers in hams. I believe
with you that it is best to prevent their getting there,
if possible, but if you do not succeed in this, immers-
ing' the ham in boiling water for five or ten minutes
will. I think, destroy the skippers without hurting
the ham. Wji. R. Duke.

Alhemarle Co., Va.

it, and with success. We believe they use from 500
pounds upwards to 1,000 pounds to the acre. — Ed.

Fall Cabbage.

Will you kindly give me some advice about the
best time to set out cabbage for fall. How they may
be kept after frost comes? How to cultivate and
manure so as to make them live at this season ?

Halifax Co., N. C. M. Nelsox.

The seed for late fall cabbage should not be sown
in your State before 1st August. Make the bed rich
and make it away from the buildings, where insects
are not likely to be so troublesome. Encourage the
plants to grow quickly by cultivation between the
rows and the application of a little nitrate of soda.
Dust the plants with tobacco dust and air-slaked lime
to keep off flea betles. Set out the plants in natu-
rally moist, clayey land made as rich as possible.
Encourage quick growth by cultivation and a dress-
ing or two of nitrate of soda alongside the rows.
They should commence to bead in November, and be
well headed in December. Bend the plants over to
the ground with the heads towards the North, and
cover the stalks and the base of the head with soil,
and they will keep well. — Ed.

Ground Lime Stone.

Will lime stone, reduced to powder, give as
results as unslncked lime on land ? Also, what quan-
tity of the former would you advise using per acre?

Morgan Co., Ala. R. S.

Ground lime is being largely used in some sections
of Pennsylvania, where there are mills for grinding

Curing Pea Vine Hay— Harvesting Corn— Grass
Mixture.

1. What is the best and most economical (with re-
spect to labor) method of harvesting and curing pea
vine hay, and when should they be mowed ?

2. What is the best method of handling corn, as we
do in this section, cut tops, pull fodder, haul corn to
barn and shuck and then worry over the stalks in the
fields when we go to cut wheat, or as it is done in
Pennsylvania and New York and elsewhere, cut off
at ground and shuck from the stalk ? If one only has
hand labor, when should corn be cut, if this latter
method is followed, and how shotdd it be handled?

3. Please give mixture and proportion for a winter
grass sowing for pasture, ami when should it be
sown \ Thad. S. Troy.

Rondalph Co., N. C.

1. In this issue you will find two articles dealing
with the harvesting of pea vine hay. We can com-
mend both methods, as they are practically what we
have always advised and practiced.

2. Cut the corn at the ground and set up in shocks
to cure. We have for years condemned the practice
of p\illing fodder and cutting tops as both wasteful
of feed and wasteful of money. Cut when the corn
is glazed and dented. It will then cure out in the
shock plump and sound.

3. In our article on "Work for the Month" you

11)04.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

527

will find advice as to mixtures of grass seeds for
meadow and pasture. — Ed.

Seeding Wheat With Lime.

Would it be advisable to sow lime in place of fer-
tilizer for wheat, using drill and sowing at same time
as wheat ? How much lime should be sown per acre ?

Wythe Co., Va. G. J. R.

We have never tried the drilling of lime with
wheat, but have seen some reports in which it appar-
ently was the course taken and succeeded. We al-
ways applied the lime broadcast, and then drilled the
wheat. We doubt whether the drill will put on lime
sufficient, at least 25 bushels to the acre should be ap-
plied.— Ed.

Grass for Name.

Kindly give name of enclosed grass, and also land
adapted to its growth. Subscriber.

Amelia Co., Va.

Enclosed please find sample of grass, of which
please let me know the name. I found it growing in
a lot of orchard grass. H. W. Robertson.

Bedford Co., Va.

The grass sent with both the enquiries was meadow
soft grass or Yorkshire fog. It has no recognized
value as a feed in this country, except for marsh lands
in the Northwest. — Ed.

Clover and Bean Bacteria.

1. Does the same bacteria that works on the gen-
eral crop of garden beans answer for soy beans ?

2. Is not the Clay or cow pea really a bean ; and if
so, is it necessarv that any special bacteria be used
for it ?

3. Is the red clover bacteria available for crimson
clover, or any other variety of clover ?

Foster Clarke.
Mercer Co., W. Va.

1. No. The soy bean bacteria is so far as at pres-
ent known a specific bacteria of that plant.

2. Yes. The cow pea is botanically a bean. It is
rarely necessary to apply bacteria for the production
of the cow pea crop, as the seed itself carries suffi-
cient bacteria to ensure a growth even on land in a
section where the crop has not previously been grown.
The growth is often on such land not heavy the first
year, but the second year shows the land to be fully
inoculated.

3. This point is not definitely settled, but the best
opinion seems to be that this bacteria is available for
all varieties of clover. — Ed.

a farm for breaking land. I use "Boy Dixie." Is
there anything better ? B. D. Bowden.

Craven Co., N. C.

We have no use whatever for the little turn plows
which are so much used in the South. They are the
cause of much of the unprofitable farming. Get a
plow that will turn a furrow at least eight inches
wide and six inches deep, and then work can be done
which will result in crops. You will find such plows
advertised in the Planter. We always used the
Oliver Chill.— Ed.

Plows.

Please tell us what is the best turn plow for

Hairy Vetch.

I am very much afraid that hairy vetch is likely to
prove a weed hard to get rid of, and liable to scatter
and spread over the farm. Would like to hear from
you as to this. Wit H. Bush.

Powhatan Co., Va.

There is no reason to be afraid of hairy vetch prov-
ing itself a troublesome weed and difficult to get rid
of. When not wanted it can be killed out as easily
as any crop we .know of. It is simply an annual,
and if not allowed to go to seed there is an end of it.
But even if allowed to seed and spread itself over
the farm instead of being a detriment like most
weeds, it would enhance the value of every acre of
land on which it grows. A good crop of it will put
more nitrogen into the soil than a ton of cotton seed
meal, besides the vegetable matter which it supplies
to the soil. In this way it wall supply all the nitro-
gen required to produce a crop of corn or wheat. A
weed which will do this can never be regarded as
something desirable to be got rid of. As a feed for
stock either green or cured into hay it is one of the
richest in protein which can be produced, and there
would be just as much sense in desiring to be rid of a
crop of red clover as of a crop of hairy vetch. — Ed.

Improving Land for Grass.

I have some land which was originally good land,
comparatively easy to work. It contains consider-
able sand, but has red clay spots. Some of this land
has been worked hard, having been in corn every two
or three years for fifteen years or more, and left in
corn beds between crops. While other part has been
left in corn beds from five to twelve years, and a
portion has grown up in pines, some of this land is
cultivated in corn this year ; some has been left in
beds for three years and is grown up in sassafras
bushes, while other has been left in beds, and is cov-
ered with small pines. Please advise how best to
improve this land and get in grass. It is some dis-
tance from railroad, with bad road to haul over, mak-
ing it very difficult to get lime. Can you advise a
plan to get this land in crass without the use of lime.

528

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

The land is rolling, with small branches running
through it ? Also please advise best method of get-
ting rid of very large bramble briers.

Spotsylvania Co., 7a, Subscribes.

Land which has been worked and treated like this
has been is not in a condition to produce grass light
away. It must be prepared for the crop by good
cultivation and enrichment. We would plow it deep-
ly as soon as possible, and if able would also subsoil
it. Then if we could get lime to it even if only suffi-
cient to give it a light dressing, would lime it. It
should have from 25 to 35 bushels to the acre at least.
We should harrow this in, and then sow -part in
crimson clover, wheat, oats and rye (12 pounds of
crimson clover and three-quarters of a bushel of
wheat, oats and rye mixed, and other part seed with
hairy vetch, wheat, oats and rye (15 pounds of vetch
and three-quarters of a bushel of wheat, oats and
rye), and harrow in the seed and roll if dry. This
should give a winter cover, and will provide graz-
ing in the early spring. In May we would plow
down the crops, apply 300 pounds of acid phosphate
per acre and sow in cow peas. In August cut the
peas for hay, leaving a long stubble. This stubble
we would cut into the ground with a disc or cutaway
harrow or a cultivator, and at the same time apply
300 pounds of bone meal per acre and sow to grass
alone. Sow 2 or 3 bushels of mixed orchard, tall
meadow and red top (herds grass) per acre, with 5
pounds of red clover or alsike clover per acre. Har-
row in the seed and roll if dry enough. Top dress
with farm yard manure during the winter, and you
should get a stand of grass.

The bramble briers should be cut off and burnt, and
the roots be plowed up and raked off and burnt. — Ed.

Diseased Wheat Ears.

Please let me knowT what is the matter with these
wheat heads. It is not smut, or rust. I noticed
them first eight to ten days ago. Parts of the heads
were green, parts white. I waited to see what the
result would be later, and find only badly shrivelled
grains in the white part, but fully developed grains
in the then green parts. Only about one-quarter acre
is partially affected. I don't think it is rust, as (I
think) rust affects the whole plant, and all grains
are equally shrivelled. I saw some heads green at
both ends and one inch of the middle white.

Lunenburg Co., Va. Cur. Rickers.

As we were unable to decide what was the
disease affecting the wheat, we sent the same to the
Department of Agriculture, Washington, with a re-
quest for opinion thereon, and have been favored with
the following reply :

Yours of June 28th, asking the trouble with some
diseased heads of wheat enclosed, has been referred,
through the Pathologist and Physiologist, to this lab-
oratory. These heads are affected in the same way
that many other samples are which we have received
a number of times this season from other places. The
cause seems to be simplv the unusual amount of wet
weather, together with the general coolness of the
season. With a few exceptions the season has been
unusually cool, and there has been much rainfall, and
the water gathers inside the chaff at the base of the
grain, and, soaking the plant thoroughly, prevents
further nutrition. Of course, in some cases the grain
may be already partly formed, and in other cases it
may not yet be started, which will account for the
fact that some spikelers are partially filled, others
have no grain at all, and still others may have even
fully developed grains. The portion of the head
where the spikelets are closest together is also likely
to be more damaged, as in that case the drying out of
the head after the rainfall does not occur so easily.
Naturally, varieties of wheat having club heads will
suffer most. The pink looking fungus occasionally
seen on the decaying heads is not concerned with the
injury, but is an accompaniment of the trouble.

M. S. Carletox, Cerealist.

Preparing Land for Wheat, Oats and Pasture.

I have a field of 30 acres under fence I wish to sow
to wheat, oats and clover this fall. Twenty acres has
been in clover for two years, 1903 and 1904. Eight
acres in weeds, broom sedge, etc., two acres poor, thin
land. This field has been grazed, but not very close.
The twenty acres I wish to sow to wheat, the eight to
oats, the two acres I wish to plow and improve.
Xow, how would you advise me to proceed to prepare
this land ? Kind and quantity of fertilizer per acre ?
What can I sow on the poor land this fall to improve
it ? I wish to use this field as a pasture after har-
vesting, wheat and oats and one crop of clover. The
land is"~all a gravelly loam, with red subsoil.

J. H. Shaw.

M< rl-lenburg Co., Va.

The oat crop should be the one first seeded, as
winter oats to be a success should be got in not later
than the middle of September. Plow the eight acre
lot at once, and as soon as plowed apply 25 bushels
of lime to the acre and harrow in. Harrow again
once or twice before the time to seed the oats. In
the second week in September apply 300 pounds of
acid phosphate broadcast and harrow again, and sow
two bushels of winter oats per acre broadcast, and
cover well with the harrow. Then sow 2 bushels of
mixed grasss seed (orchard, tall meadow, red top Vir-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

529

ginia bine and meadow fescue), and 5 pounds of red;
nr alsike clover and harrow in lightly and roll. In
the intervals between working the oat plot have the
20 acre plot plowed, beginning as soon as possible,
plow deep. When plowed apply 25 bushels of lime
to the acre and harrow in. Harrow and reharrow
and roll this piece at weekly intervals until the 1st of
October, and then apply 300 pounds of acid phos-
phate and bone meal in equal parts, harrow
in and drill one and one-half bushels of wheat
per acre, sowing at the same time with the drill two
bushels of the same mixture of grass seeds and clover,
as are advised for use on the oats. The two acres of
thin, poor land should be plowed at once, have 300
pounds of acid phosphate applied per acre, and be
seeded with 10 pounds of crimson clover, 1 bushel of
wheat, oats and rye mixed in equal parts, and 5
pounds of red or alsike clover. We have advised the
seeding of the grass and clover seed on the different
lots in order to meet the requirements of pasturage
after the wheat and oats are cut. It may be success-
fid or it may fail. We do not approve the practice
of seeding grass in grain crops, as it so freqiiently
fails to make a stand. If the land were ours, and we
could dispense with the pasturage until the fall, we
would not seed the grass and clover on the wheat and
oats, but would disc the stubble as soon as the grain
crops were cut and sow cow peas or cow peas and sor-
ghnm and graze these off as soon as they were ready,
and then sow grass and clover alone. In this way
the certainty of securing pasturage would be in-
creased, though it would be later, and a good crop of
clover and grass might confidently be looked for the
following year. — Ed.

Skippers in Hams.

In the July number of Southern Planter, J. M.
Faris asked how to get rid of skippers in meat. To
prevent them from getting in the meat, in early
spring every few days make a strong red pepper
smoke in the smoke house ; later, if they should make
their appearance, hang the meat on the hottest, sunny
side of house as long as required, and they will come
(Uit. A month's sun will not injure the meat.

Warwick Co., Va. W. C. Miner.

Getting Rid of Fleas and Lice.

A subscriber writes as that fleas may be kept out of
buildings used for housing stock of all kinds by the
constant \ise of plaster (gypsum) in and about the
places. Sprinkle freelv upon the droppings and lit-
ter. The use of kerosene will rid hogs of lice. Spray
it over them or pour a little on the centre of the back

from head to tail, and this will soon spread all over
the animal, and the lice will let go at once and quit. —
Ed.

Alfalfa Land— Thin Shelled Eggs.

Please let me know which you consider best for
alfalfa, branch bottoms or hillside, "not steep."

2. The best remedy for hens laying thin shelled
eggs. They have free access to air-slacked lime ?

T. O. D.
1. The "Branch bottoms" if the land is suffi-
ciently elevated above the stream to give perfect
drainage and keep water from standing on the field
will yield heavier crops of alfalfa than the hillsides,
as the plants will get a more constant supply of water
from the subsoil, which will naturally be permeated
with it from the branch. Such hillsides, however,
as you describe ("not steep") will, if made rich, grow
alfalfa.

2. We can suggest nothing more effective for thick-
ening the shells than a plentiful supply of calcareous
matter. We think, however, that this can be sup-
plied in better and more acceptable form than air-
slacked lime. Broken oyster shells and rough old
mortar from a building or the refuse of a lime kiln
are better because more acceptable. In this rough
form the matter helps the hens to digest their food,
and in the process of grinding in the gizzard becomes
assimilated with the food and passes into the system.
—Ed.

Beehives.

Please give dimensions and directions for making
a Langstroth beehive or some other good hive.

Bland Co., Va. S. H. Helot.

You will find hives and many appliances adver-
tised in the Planter, and will be able to buy them
cheaper than you can make them. We do not have
by us any book with instructions for making these
hives, and have had no personal experience with
them. — Ed.

Parsnip Seed.

A year ago I bought of T. W. Wood & Sons, of
your place, some very good parsnip seed, and from
it had a good crop ; but as I went North in the early
winter and remained until May, the parsnips were
not harvested. And as my home burned down, I am
occupying another house, and they are still standing
and loaded with some of the best seed that I ever saw.
I wish to save some of it, and this brings me to the
object of this letter. When I was a boy (about 72
years ago) my mother sent me to the garden to col-
lect the parsnip seed. Some one present told me to

530

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

be careful to reject, either the seed from the main
•stem or from the branches (I forgot which), as it
would produce nothing but small roots, running into
the wild parsnip, which is poisonous. Is there any
truth in it i P. Norton.

Davidson Co., N. C.

We never heard of such a difference in the seed
before, and do not believe there is any truth in the
.tale. — Ed.

Orchard Management— Cattle Ticks— Clover
Seeding.

Please answer the following questions through the
columns of your paper:

1. We have a young orchard six years old with
first crop of fruit this season (apples) on thin land.
gravelly. Give best method of improving ground to
get best results from trees. Could we use some sown
crop and not have to cultivate through summer?

2. Where can I find Zenoleum for killing ticks on
cattle? Do you know of some home-made remedy?
Have been giving sulphur previous to this with fair
results.

3. I have a clover sod that I wish to put in wheat
ibis fall and resow to clover again, how much seed
will be best to sow. Have cut a good crop of clover
(first crop) July 1st. How soon should the second
crop be ploughed down ? What kind of fertilizer
would be best to use on same ? Soil is light red, with
dark red clay subsoil. I. H. Faust.

Randolph Co., W. Va.

The best system of management for a young or-
chard in the South is to keep the land in cultivation
from April until July, then in July and August to
sow crimson clover or hairy vetch, with a light seed-
ing of wheat and winter oats mixed, and let this crop
cover the ground until the following April, when it
should be plowed down and cultivation started; 200
or 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 100. pounds of
muriate of potash per acre should be applied before
seeding the clover or vetches. Such a system pro-
vides food for the trees at the lowest cost, encourages
growth at the proper season, and checks and ripens
i lie growth in the fall. If after two or three year?
of such management the growth becomes too lux-
uriant, resulting in long, sappy wood instead of the
short, sturdy spurs and limbs indicative of bearing
wood the orchard should be seeded down to grass
in August and the crop be allowed to stand two or
three years, according as the trees may seem to re-
quire. The first crop of clover and grass may be
mown for hay, but the biter crops should be mown
and left on the land as a mulch.

2. Write the Zenner Disinfectant Co., Detroit,
Mich. You will find their advertisement in the

Planter for the last four months. Lard with kero-
sene mixed in has been successfully used by some
parties. But we do not think this as effective or
otherwise as desirable as Zenoleum or the dips made
by Laidlow, McKill & Co., of this city, or as Coopers'
Dip, both of which you will also find advertised in
the Planter. The sulphur remedy is useful, though
not a perfect preventive.

3. Plow the second crop down as soon as possible
now, as it is essential to the success of the wheat crop
that the land shall become compacted again before
seeding. After plowing the crop down keep the sur-
face worked every week or ten days with the harrow
and roller until time to sow the wheat. Uusually
from eight to ten pounds of clover seed is sown per
acre, but we prefere to sow twelve. — Ed.

Sick Hogs.

My hogs are making me weary of trying to raise
enough for home use. The pigs begin to cough,
many of them, before weaning, then get thin and
have a vigorous case of thumps, a strenuous inside
movement, I can describe by no better term than
thumps, stop growing, and after a long time a portion
die. Those that do not are never any good. Will
some one tell me what is the trouble, and how to
eradicate it ? J. R. Skinner.

Loudoun Co., Va.

We think the probable cause of your trouble is that
you do not let the sows have exercise enough and live
a natural life in the pasture and woods. Sows kept
closely in confinement seldom farrow strong, healthy
pigs, and these lying in hot beds of litter are very
susceptible to lung trouble Avhen a cold wind strikes
them. Let the sows run at large both when carrying
the pigs and after the pigs are farrowed, of course,
having a dry, warm house in which to shelter them in
time of storms. Keep their beds dry and free from
dust. — Ed.

Alfalfa— Timothy Chaff.

1. Please give me some information about alfalfa,
whether you sow it with other grains or by itself.
Where can you get it, and at what price ?

2. Would it be injurious to feed to cattle clean
Timothy husk or chaff in a mash?

Culpeper Co., Va. A Subscriber.

1. In this and last month's issue you will find
mnch information as to the alfalfa crop. You can
get the seed from the seedsmen advertising in the
Planter. The price varies from week to week, but
they will gladly quote you.

2. No.— Ed.

1904:.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

531

Trucking, Garden and Orchard,

WORK FOR THE MONTH.
The various crops of fruit and vegetables which
have been the objects of care and attention and have
cosl both time and money, should be carefully har-
vested and shipped in the best and most acceptable
packages if there is to be a reasonable return for
the investment. Do not let products become over-
ripe nor yet ship before they are sufficiently matured
to show well when opened out. See that before be-
ing packed or stored they are cooled off and care-
fully culled and sorted. Ship only one quality in a
package, and mark that quality on the outside, and
let the contents grade up fully to the marking. Keep
culls at home or ship separately. See that all pi-o-
ducts stored for home use are put where they will be
protected from the weather and have a reasonable
chance of keeping well. Use culls and defective
products first.

Celery plants should now be set out in the rows
where they are to mature. Celery requires a rich,
moist soil in order that it may make a quick growth.
Make the bed rich with farm-yard manure or a fer-
tilizer having 7 or 8 per cent, of ammonia, 5 per
cent, of phosphoric acid, and 8 per cent, of potash.
Break the soil deep and make it fine. Set out the
plants about 6 inches apart if the variety grown is a
self-blanching one, so that they may crowd each other
and thus blanch the stalks. If not a self -blanching
variety, the plants should be set out in rows five feet
apart, so as to provide soil for earthing up to blanch.
Set two rows of plants in each row, six inches apart
each way. A little soil should be drawn to the
plants as they grow to keep them from spreading,
but do not earth up the plants to blanch them until
they have nearly matured their growth. Water fre-
quently if the weather is dry.

Fall cabbage seed should be at once sown on rich,
moist land, and the growth of the plants should be
pushed on by watering with manure water and a
little nitrate of soda. Dust them with tobacco dust
'and air-slaked lime to keep off bugs, worms and
beetles. The best varieties are Flat Dutch and
Savoy. Have the ground prepared for setting out
the plants in the first week of September. It should
be made rich, and after the plants are set out they
should be pushed so that they may commence to head
by November.

Sow Crimson Clover on all land not wanted for
other winter crops as soon as the spring crops are
harvested.

Broccoli plants shoiild be set out this month. They
require the same management as cabbage. Make the
soil rich, and push them. They make a head like a
cauliflower.

In the Eastern and Tidewater sections of the
South Atlantic States sowings of English peas and
snap beans may be made. The crop is an uncertain
•one, as an early frost will ruin it, but if this keeps
off until the end of October there is money in raising
these products. They are also most acceptable for
the home table.

Seed may be sown this month for fall and early
winter lettuce plants. Select a moist, shady place
for the bed and do not make it overrich. Radish seed
may be sown towards the end of the month.

Kale and Spinach may be sown at the end of the
month. These should be sown where they are to
grow to maturity. Sow in rows two feet apart.

Cultivation should cease in the orchard and bush
fruit patches so as to encourage ripening of the wood.

Land intended to be planted in strawberries should
be plowed and worked so as to encourage germina-
tion of weed seeds.

INTENSIVE TRUCKING.

Editor Southern Planter:

I always read with great interest everything from
the pen of Prof. Massey. It is not only interesting,
but very practical information which permeates all
his articles.

In a late issue of the Planter I have read care-
fully his article on "The Lettuce Crop" at or near
Newbern, N. O, where he speaks of using artificial
heat and moisture in raising lettuce, celery, berries,
etc., in competition with the Florida crops.

Now, it looks to me from my point of view, that
our Newbern trucker friends are getting just a little
bit too selfish, too grasping, too piggish in their
work, and are trying to secure everything in sight.
Latitude. Gulf Stream and altitude gives them an
advantage — a great and wonderful advantage — over
New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and
Long Island in the matter of growing crops for the
early markets, and it seems as if our Newbern friends
should be content with that great advantage; but in-

532

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

stead of being content, they are using artificial
warmth and moisture in order to grow the winter
vegetables and thus cut out Florida and other sec-
tions to the far South.

It speaks well for Newbern people intellectually,
but it is rather an infringement on good morals and
manners for them to grasp after everything in sight.

Even here in the Norfolk trucking section, which
is the best trucking centre in the United States, we
can grow five crops per annum. It seems to us that
that is good enough. We do this without resorting
too much to artificial means or methods.

It is true, in some cases, the plants are started
under cover, glass or cotton, and it is true a -wind-
mill may be on hand to supply a little water — just a
little to keep the young plants growing in the thickly
sown beds and prepare them for transplanting in the
open fields — but, as a rule, our people question the
wisdom of engaging in a large way in the intensive
tillage of the soil, such as calls for artificial heat and
moisture.

The "Good Master" has promised us "seed time
and harvest," and the "gentle rains" fall upon the
"evil and the good," and we can get along very nicely
without resorting to extreme measures, to get ahead
of the "other fellow."

A case in point. A gentleman not far from Nor-
folk rents a little three acre patch of land, with a
good house thereon, paying for the land and house
$250 per annum rent. This leaves him about two
and one-half acres of land to cultivate. It is thought
that he will easily sell $3,000 worth of produce from
that small acreage of land.

He sowed radishes in December, and then set the
land out to lettuce in March. Just before he cut the
lettuce crop, he sowed beets between the lettuce rows.
Just before he pulled his beets, he transplanted can-
teloupes by an ingeneous method or twist of the
wrist, between the beets, and in this way, if he keeps
it up, and "fights it out on that line all summer, "he
will beat the record."

He gets four crops in a little less than eight months
practically without artificial heat or moisture, and
can get at least one, perhaps two, more crops inside
the twelve months, making five or six crops from the
same land in a single season.

It seems that where nature has done so much, man
had host utilize to the fullest extent the natural ad-
vantages, without taking such undue, unfair, unkind,
unnecessary, unnatural, unprecedented, unjust and
unwarranted advantage of their fellow-men, as the
Newborn people are doing when they raise the Flori-

da crops all winter, and the Northern crops all sum-
mer.

There can't be much "tar on the heels" of the New-
bern trucker. Nor does he give the flies any chance
to roost on him.

But we give him due notice, that if he persists in
his wild career, our people here in self-defense may
have to put a glass roof over Norfolk, Nansemond
and Princess Anne counties, divert the waters of the
Dismal Swamp, James and Nansemond rivers for
moisture, and the sun and Pocahontas coal will give
us warmth enough to make it hot for those who
started this unholy crusade against the perquisites,
privileges and pocket-books of the whole Atlantic
( oast trucking belt. A. Jefkers.

Norfolk, Ya.

EXPERIENCE WITH PEAR BLIGHT.

Editor Southern Planter:

Much has been written about the blight on pear
trees, and some writers speak very positively on the
subject, declaring that it is a fungus disease — that
is to say, a disease caused by a growth of mimite
plants which spring up suddenly like mould, mildew,
smut and mushrooms. Dr. Groff says that "tire
blight is a contagious germ disease like diphtheria
or scarlet fever." In this belief he has the sanction
of some of the learned doctors to support him, and
is on what is supposed to be the orthodox side of the
question, but the common name, "fire blight" indi-
cates that the common people who gave it the name,
believed that it was caused by strong heat.

According to my experience, pear blight is caused
by sun scald, and the fungus growth which the micro-
scope shows on the dead limbs is the result and not
the cause of their death. My opinion is that the fun-
gus or germs come on after the death of the limb, as
the sweat on the dead man's face, and the flies and
crows come to feast on the body of the dead horse
when he can no longer offer resistance to their at-
tacks. I believe the fungus does not make its ap-
pearance on the pear trees until after they have been
cooked by the sun when shining uncommonly hot.

I had three pear trees of the same age that had
borne fruit two years, and were full of nearly half
grown pears, when two of them suddenly blighted
and the other remained unhurt. One stood on ground
lower than the smokehouse, which had been enriched
by wood ashes which had been thrown out. Another
stood below a hog pen, where the soil had become
very fertile by drainage from the pen. Both these

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

533

trees had made an astonishingly fast growth, and the
hark on the limbs was smooth, thin, tender and full
of sap. The other tree stood on the northwest side
of the ice-house, on poorer ground, and was partly
shaded from the fierce rays of the noon-day sun.

One day about the latter part of June, after a spell
of very hot weather, I observed that the tree below the
smokehouse appeared to be dead. In one day every
leaf had suddenly wilted, and was turning black, and
the young pears were shrivelling. The tree present-
ed exactly the same appearance which forest trees do
when killed by the heat of a burning "follow," or
new clearing in the woods. I have often seen trees
standing several rods outside the "follow" that were
killed by the heat, no blaze having touched them or
been within five rods of them.

On removing the bark from my blighted pear tree
limbs before it had begun to dry and shrink, I found
it loose enough to make whistles, and the sap, of
which there was a profusion, had a reddish hue, and
the inside of the bark, which naturally should have
been white, was of a yellowish red. The tree below
the smokehouse died immediately after being blight-
ed. There was no bother in sawing off limbs — the
whole tree was removed.

A writer in the Ohio Farmer thinks the application
of a barrel of ashes to the roots of his pear trees saved
them from blight. It is my opinion that wood ashes
by stimulating its growth was the cause of killing my
pear tree, which stood below the smoke-house. At
all events a supply of potash in the soil did not save
it. The tree below the hog pen had about one-third
of the limbs on the east side blighted. These were
promptly sawed off, but the tree had received such a
severe shock that the next year it died. The tree
near the ice-house was not injured, and has borne
crops of pears every year since.

As already stated, my experience leads me to be-
lieve that blight is caused by sun scald. When the
tree has grown unusually fast, the bark on some of
(he limbs is tender and full of sap. The heat of the
sun scalds the sap, causing it to ferment, and this
changes its nature from a wholesome nourishment for
the limb and its fruit, to a poisonous liquid, which
produces death to the parts affected, and then the
fungus comes like the mould on the apple sauce or the
buzzards to the battle-field to feast on the dead. It
is the "blood poisoning" of pear trees. If the heat
of fire will kill the hardy forest trees, it is rational
to suppose that the heat of the sun at a particular sea-
son will injure tender pear trees.

Infancy is the critical period of life in the human
family, and also in the life of pear trees. If we get

them safely past the danger incident to this period
then their prospect for long life and usefulness would
be greater than for apple trees. It is said there are
pear trees still growing on the Mississippi river which
were planted by the Jesuit fathers 200 years ago.
There are three pear trees in a neighbor's garden
which, he assures me, are more than seventy years
old. We have a large pear tree in our door yard
which was set out by my father, and is more than
fifty years old, and with an appearance of lasting
fifty years longer.

I cannot help thinking that what some pomologists
call fire blight on pear and apple trees is not blight at
all. Some of the limbs on vigorous growing forest
trees die without any apparent cause, except that the
trees have put out more limbs than they could sup-
port, and the weakest die from lack of proper nutri-
tion It is a case of the "survival of the fittest." The
pine tree when a bush throws out limbs close to the
ground, and as the tree grows the lower limbs die,
and are blown off by the wind, until when the tree is
full grown it presents a smooth trunk straight as a
ship's mast, without limbs for 50 or 60 feet from the
ground. There is no doubt that limbs on pear and
apple trees often die for the same reason without
being blighted at all. Of course, they should be-
sawed off the same as if they had been blighted by
the sun or the "germ disease." Some writers say
isolated pear trees are seldom blighted. There must
be a mistake about that. My pear trees were at least
six rods from each other and blighted.

William Saunders, late Superintendent of Garden
and Grounds for the Agricultural Department at
Washington, in his report for 1892, says: "The fact
that bacteria has been found in the diseased shoots of
pear trees does not seem to prove that they are the
cause of the malady, but that they are simply a conse-
quence of the disorganization and decay of vegetable
tissue." He further says : "I have noticed that dur-
ing the month of May when there was over 30 de-
grees difference in the temperature within twenty-
four hours, nine days thereafter twig blight would
set in." He further says that on May 18, 1888, he
noted a change of temperature between sunrise and
4 P. M. of 35 degrees, and blight set in on the 27th.
In May, 1889, and in May, 1892, he noted similar
changes of temperature and wrote to friends predict-
ing that blight would appear in nine days, and it ap-
peared as he had predicted.

Mr. Saunders is very high authority, and he did
not believe in the contagious germ disease, and did
believe in the sudden and great change of tempera-
ture as the caiise of the injury. J. W. Ingham.

534

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

Live Stock and Dairy.

MILK FEVER.

Editor Southern Planter:

Since the introduction of the more successful treat-
ment for this disease, much literature has been circu-
lated on the subject, and although the proportioned
percentage of mortality under the old treatment has
been converted into restoration, very little has yet
been advanced which sheds much light on the true
character of the disease.

It is not the writer's intention to advance new
theories upon it, or yet lo invite controversies regard-
ing its character, bul simply to give publicity to the
results which have been obtained at this Station, to-
gether with a brief description of the causes, symp-
toms, treatment and the appliances for the adminis-
tration of this new treatment.

The term "milk fever," for this appears to be the
one by which the disease is most commonly known, is
rather misleading — in fact, altogether so — as it would
indicate a feverish condition in which the udder was
painful and accompanied by increased temperature,
both local and general, and although such conditions
as this are not unfrequent they should in no way lie
Lted with the disease under consideration. This
term lias undoubtedly been adopted on account of its
intimate association with the parturient period, when
the milk secreting glands are or should be exceedingly
activa Other terms (quite as misleading as to its
character ) are in common use in different localities, ,
among them being parturient apoplexy, parturient
fever," puerperal fever, puerperal apoplexy, paralogia,
puerperal collapse, calf fever, dropping after calving,
parturient paresis, the latter being probably the most
expressive and appropriate term, indicating a condi-
tion of incomplete paralysis associated with the par-
turient season, and even here leaves a possibility of
error, as parturient paralysis, both anti- and post-
partem, are known conditions, which can only be sep-
arated from the one under discussion by a careful
analysis and comparison of the symptoms.

Milk fever, or more properly parturient paresis,
attacks cows in the prime of their life (5 to 10 years
of age ). in which lacteal development has been great,
as in "the improved dairy breeds," and only those
to any extent which are in high condition at the time
of parturition. It usually makes its appearance in
from one to three days after calving, the earlier after
that act the move rapidly and certainly fatal is it;
it may, however, be delayed a much longer period,
lint the longer it is delayed the milder is the attack.
(The writer recalls one case which occurred in his
practice on the 20th day.)

Symptoms. — Parturient paresis usually makes its
appearance after a comparatively easy and quick de-

livery, in from twelve to seventy hours. The first
symptoms of excitement (when present) frequently
pass unnoticed, when observed, they are those of
restlessness, stamping of the feet, throwing the head,
wild appearance of the eyes, with dilated pupils, bel-
lowing; the calf, if still present in the stall or lot,
is frequently made the object of attack. These symp-
toms rapidly give way to muscular weakness. The
animal staggers, loses power of standing, falls to the
ground. Efforts to rise become less and less effec-
tual, until she becomes overcome with the deadly
coma which soon follows, from which she never
rallies, or else recovers as quickly as the attack made
iis appearance, and on tbe second or third day is ap-
parently none the worse for her experience.

.V more careful examination of our jsatient reveals
the fact that the udder, which a short period before
the attack was full of milk and activCj is now slack
and empty, soft and flabby to the feel, and less sensi-
tive than one in the normal condition during such
period ; yields little or no milk, the horns and head
are usually hot at the commencement of the attack,
but during the period of coma are usually cold ; the
pulse is always quickened and weak, or may be al-
most or entirely imperceptible; breathing becomes
purely mechanical, the cheeks are usually puffed out
at each expiration, and the cow assumes that peculiar
position characteristic of the disease, lying propped
up^n her breast bone, with the head thrown well
around on her side, and unconscious to her surround-
ings.

Among the diseases for which this might be mis-
taken, and vice versa, might be mentioned antv-par-
tem and post-partem paralysis; in either case, while
the cow is unable to rise, there is no loss of conscious-
ness, no pervious excitement, lacteal secretions re-
mains active, though reduced, the pulse is less affect-
ed, and the appetite, although usually impaired, is
not wholly lost. Mum mi I is or inflammation of the
udder occurs about the same period after calving, but
the conditions are altogether different. In the for-
mer (parturient paresis) the udder becomes cold and
flabby and secretions are almost, if not wholly, sus-
pended, while in mammitis tbe udder becomes in-
flamed, hot, painful and swollen, and although it
does not yield the amount of milk its size would
indicate, it is on account of the inflammatory action
existing in the gland, suspending its function. In
mammitis, too, the cow remains standing, or is able
to do so, and is disinclined to move, from the painful
character of her condition.

Parturient paresis need not be confounded with
metritis (inflammation of the womb), which usually
follows difficult delivery, and which is accompanied
by a swollen, discolored condition of the genital or-

3 904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

,35

gans, with foetid discharges, in which we usually find
high fever, with suspension of many of the import-
ant functions, such as rumination, milk secretion,
with constipation and scanty secretion of tirine pain-
fully passed, all being the result of infection gaining
access to the genital organs through abrasions made
in the mucus membranes from difficult parturition.
Again, it need not be confounded with injuries to the
lumbar regions, causing muscular weakness and a
staggering gait, which sometimes follows the partu-
rient act, and where difficulty of progression is the
most pronounced symptom.

Causation, — Among the most-
fruitful causes of parturient pa-
resis may be mentioned high lac-
teal development, coupled with
general plethora, induced by high
feeding and want of exercise. A
damp season, which yields an
abundance of grass, has in the
writer's experience been the most
favorable for its development.
May, June and October, the most
anxious months for the dairyman,
whose cows come in at those sea-
sons.

Treatment. — Previous to 1899
all manner of treatments were sug-
gested and practiced with varying
degrees of success, among them
might be mentioned large doses
i f purgatives, stimulants, blood letting, ice, warmth
or blisters to head and spine, according to the practi-
tioner's individual ideas ; some gave sedatives and
swore by them, but all managed to lose from 60 to
85 per cent, of the cases treated. The writer's ob-
servations were, however, able to note this fact, that
The men who gave the least medicine by the mouth
were the most successful, indicating clearly that too
much interference was detrimental rather than bene-
ficial. About that year a Danish veterinarian,
Schmidt, turned his attention to the udder as being
the source of the trouble, and his experiments de-
veloped the fact that a solution of potassium iodide
injected into the udder under the most rigid anti-
septic precautions, gave surprisingly good results, 50
to 70 per cent, of patients treated by that method
making good recoveries. Since then what is known
its the oxygen treatment has come into vogue, and is
doing even better service than Dr. Schmidt's injec-
tion, making it possible to save practically all cases
which can be reached early in the attack.

The writer has watched with much interest the de-
velopment of this most valuable addition to the veter-
inarian's equipment, and has made attempts at the
development of practical appliances for the safe and
effectual application of the treatment. The object

of this is to bring these appliances to the knowledge
of the practical dairyman, and thus to relieve him
from the everlasting dread of losing the choicest of
his herd. Ambition to develop his ideal producer was
held in check by fear of this disease, from which,
when he had overstepped the threshold of safety he
saw his best cows life snuffed out in a day.

It is known that pure air contains one-fifth by bulk
of oxygen, and that in this form it is readily
absorbed and appropriated by the tissues, and that
the other gases are non-injurious to the tissues of the
' udder when uncontaminated. Advantage, therefore.

CHAKACTI'.KlsTIC I'OSITKJX

suffering from Parturient Paresis, and position in which she should be
kept while comatose.

has been taken of this, and a supply of pure air
pumped into the udder produces the desired effect
almost as quickly and certainly as purified oxygen,
but requires greater care in its introduction than the
former (oxygen purified) on account of the contami-
nation it is liable "dangerously so" to contain. While
there may be no great risk in introducing air, as it
occurs in an open field or lot in the entire absence of
dust, and presence of bright sunlight, there can be no
question of the danger from the introduction of air
into the udder in a dirty or even moderately clean
stable, where other animals are housed, as such air
is known to be highly contaminated with bacteria,
the introduction of which have been proven not only
injurious but fatal to the patient so operated upon
by producing infective inflammation of the glands.
The writer recalls a most disastrous incident which
occurred in a prominent Show ring, where con-
tamination was pumped into the udders of up-
wards of a score of the best show cows for fraudulent
purposes, every one of which succumbed to its deadly
effects. While in itself a disastrous occurrence, this
proved a valuable object lesson.

Johx Spexcer, Veterinarian.
Virginia Experiment Station.

(To be Continued.)

536

THE SOUTHERN PLAXTER.

[August,

HORSE BREEDING IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

The remarks of David Swift, in your July num-
ber, bring up a great many questions of vital im-
portance to the farmers of Virginia, who want to see
the State grow to the place she should among the
sisterhood. A life spent among horses, with an ex-
perience begun in Iowa, of careful training by a
father who is a horse breaker and breeder of success,
with a knowledge of the best of studs of the Central
State?, with considerable experience on the White
Star SS. Line, and a careful study of the conditions
y exist in England and Scotland, induces me to
offer some opinions on Mr. Swift's questions. In the
first place, the horses of this section cannot be said
to suffer from inbreeding, except, maybe, in the case
of some man who has a colt that he has been foolish
enough to save and breeds his dam, his daughters and
all bis progeny back again to the same horse, as I
bave seen in a few instances.

The one tiling in which the United States breeder
has made the worst mistake, and the reason that we
are still going back to Lincoln and to Renfrew for
such numbers of stallions, is, we have not bred to
any purpose. I am not a fast horse man, still I do
not want to decry the standard bred or the thorough-
bred, in any way; I am proud of the work of the
American fast horse breeder. But I want to say as
strongly as I know how, common farmers, leave the
fast horse and the light harness horse severely alone.
Yon know nothing about the business, you might
raise a dozen Lou Dillons and Star Pointers and you
would never know it, and if some man was there to
tell you, you could not train or perfect them so that
they would benefit you. The raising of speed is a
lime-time business, and the farmer has no business
to follow it. If any man who is in that business who
knows, and knows that it is the work he is fitted for,
should read this, please pass on, this advice is not
for you.

There is an unsatisfied demand for draught horses
in the cities, for horses weighing upwards of 1,600;
this is fact one.

Now, these horses can be raised by almost any
man who will breed for that definite purpose, and
can lie marketed without training; this is fact two.

Now, let us see the way it will work. Suppose
Mr. Swift breeds the best mares obtainable to a
Shire horse, which is my preference. Under present
conditions he will have to go and buy, and as they
are very scarce in this State, after looking for
a horse, he will come home and try to put in prac-

tice some of the methods he sees in use in the horse
breeding States. The common mares will be good
enough for him to start with. If he feeds well he
can raise a work horse that will weigh around 1,300
or l,-400, and it is poor policy to soak himself for a
big lot of money till he learns how to feed and care
for his colts. He should save the best mares from this
first cross, and the next time he goes to buy a horse he
will buy a better one for less money than he knew
how to buy the first time. Erom this second cross
he may market a few good enough for bussers or
delivery horses, meanwhile he will have some good,
stocky farm horses. By this time he will see his
way to buy one or two pure bred mares, and be
fairly launched on the horse raising world. To start
out after this fashion takes time and work; on the
other hand, it is surer, and maybe just as quick as
buying a lot of expensive breeding stock at first. If
the farmers would learn what it is that is wanted in
the cities, also what is wanted for farm use, and the
way to raise them, it would not be long before they
would have a money making business, and at the
same time have teams to work their land without
going to the Mississippi Valley to get them.

I am not sure that the Shire is the best horse for
this State. The feather on their legs, though I like
it, has to have care in our winter mud. Many men
are turning their attention to mule raising, but they
should remember that to have a good mule country,
they must have a big horse country first, for they
are dependent upon the horse raiser for their mares.
There is undoubtedly good money in mules, though
Virginia farmers must learn to feed. I have seen
mules that would, with proper feeding and care,, have
made 1,100 pound mules, grow up to 900, which
means a big loss in price. One often hears it said
that stock does not grow here like it does in the West.
I am satisfied, and well-informed men tell me the
same, that there is no country on the foot-stool where
live stock will generally do better than in Virginia.
It is in the men who dish out the feed. A whole
chapter could be written on this subject.

In conclusion, let me restate the case. If the
farmers of Virginia will breed with a definite,
studied purpose, with the care that the trotting horse
men have exercised, it will not take long to have the
finest farm teams, and also a greater number to
market. To learn of the requirements and possi-
bilities, they need to go to countries like Central
Illinois or cities like Chicago or Toronto.

A stallion of the draft breeds, of common to fair
quality will be hard to buy for less than $2,000 at

11)04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

537

the present time, and rnares also are very high. There
are quite a number of Percherons in Northern Vir-
ginia, but most of them were saddled off on men who
knew very little of what they were buying, and they
are of the commonest type. It pays to take a little
time and start out on a still hunt, if one is going to
buy. Wm. F. Woods.

( linrles City Co., Va.

THE HORSE FOR THE FARM.
Editor Southern Planter:

Seeing an inquiry as to the best breed of horses
for the farmer to raise in a communication from Mr.
David Swift, of Louisa county, I will try and give
some good reasons for recommending the Percherons.

I use and breed nothing but the pure bred Per-
cherons. I keep my mares breeding every year, and
do all the farm work, hauling, etc., and work my
stallions when they are not making the season.

I have mares ranging in weight from 1,600 to
"1,900 pounds, and a pair of my largest mares walk
faster to mower, cultivator and plow than any team
I ever owned. One of them is sixteen years old,
and has never been struck with a whip that I know
of. My others are as good, but not quite as fast at
the walk. Mares of 1,(300 pounds in weight carry a
plow through stiff soil and heavy soil by their weight
in the collar. An erroneous idea seems to prevail
that the big ones cannot stand harrowing as well as
the lighter horse, as they are said to sink deeper in
the soil. This is too absurd for argument. The
hig Percheron has a foot in proportion to his size
and weight, and does not go as deep as the light
horse or mule. The man who tries farming with a
big team will never go back to the lighter class of
horses nor to mules, that cannot raise a colt every
year, etc.

We have in this (Rockingham) county seventeen
registered Percheron stallions and Clydesdales, and
one Belgian, and all do big work in the stud every
spring. Why ? Because our market, Harrisonburg,
in the best in the State. We have Pennsylvania,
Maryland, West Virginia and New York buyers visit
us to buy our surplus hc.rses every third Monday in
the month. One of the principal reasons why our
county is the wealthiest in Virginia, taking out the
cities, is because our farmers raise big, marketablt
hnrses. Numbers of our most prosperous farmers
buy up all the good, big grade draft colts at weaning
time at from $50 to $60 per head, and raise them for
market. They can be put to work at two and one-

half years old and used one and one-half years on
the farm, and then be sold at four years old at big
figures. I have sold colts, pure bred, at the follow-
ing ages and received these figures for them: One
6 months old stud colt, $450; two yearling fillies,
$800 ; one 2 years old stud colt, $600 ; one two year
old stud, $700; one 2 year old stud, $950; one 5
years old, $600; one 4 year old, $800; one 2 year
old filly, $200 ; one two year old filly, $200, and a
number of aged mares at from $275 to $500. Now,
as to the gray color, I prefer it. Why ? Because
everything else being equal, the gray gelding will
bring from $10 to $20 more on the city markets than
any other color. The reasons given by city users and
buyers are these, the gray Percheron never fades and
seldom ever gets flea bitten. They can stand more
heat, and the color stamps them as Percheron grades,
and the Percheron carries a better middle on less
feed, can stand more hard usage, has better feet, and
a more active disposition than any of the other draft
breeds.

I once got the dark color craze, but experience
taught me better. I still have two blacks, two bays,
one roan and one brown, and in the last eighteen
months I have sold four blacks, and before this ap-
pears in print another black will, I think, be sold and
shipped. I bought a 2,108 pound colt under three
years old this spring and paid a big price for him to
take the place of a 2,200 pound stallion I had been
using for five years, and although I could have bought
a black from the same party for about half of what I
gave for this colt, I preferred the one I got, and
especially his dark gray coat.

I think Mr. Swift's preference for the Shire comes
from a lack of knowledge of the breed or his ac-
quaintance with one that was an exception to the most
of them. My advice to him is to take time to in-
vestigate the matter before making an investment.
Last winter at the sales of pure bred mares and stal-
lions in several Western States, notably Illinois, Wis-
consin, Kansas, the Percherons averaged more than
twice as much as any other bred, and one lot sold was
part of Col. Holloway's Shires and Clydes, and he
has the greatest prize winners of the breed on this side
of the sea. Ask F. F. Berry & Co., horse dealers;
Newgrass & Co., dealers, Chicago, 111. ; I. H. Dahl-
man, horse dealer, New York, and the following
users of drafters, and see what they say as to best
draft horse for use, and wear on city streets: Swift
& Co., Armour & Co., Jacob Koehller, Schwarzchild
& Sulzberger Co., Montgomery Ward & Co., and
many of the great breweries of the city of Chicago,

;38

THE SOUTHERN PT.AXTER.

[August,.

Milwaukee, and, in fact, any city, and see what they
have to say. Take the country over, and see the
great increase of users of the Percheron and the great
decrease of the other draft hreeds and the effect has
not been produced without a cause.

Mr. Swift is all right in regard to the Southern
Planter, the ordinary farmer can get the value of
the cost of one year's subscription from each issue
of your journal, and may it and its editor "live long
and prosper," is the wish of nil of your subscribers,
one of which I always expect to be.

Rockingham Co., Va. John F. Lewis.

THE FARM HORSE.
Editor Southern Plank r:

In your July number, page 472. Mr. David Swift,
of Louisa, asks that some one who has had some ex-
perience with the larger breeds of horses in this
State, please tell him which breed of draft horse
was best adopted to our country, and was the best to
raise for farm purposes.

During the last few years I have paid special at-
tention to this subject, and shall be glad, throtigh
your well-known journal, to give him my opinion
of the breed of horses that is best for the farmer to
raise for farm work. The Percheron is undoubtedly
the very best draft horse that has ever been imported
into this county. And when the Percheron stallion
is bred to good, well-shaped, sound. Virginia mares
that weigh not less than 1,200 pounds, the result of
this cross will always give a well-shaped foal, which,
if properly cared for, will make a horse that can do
all kinds of farm work, and also a horse that can trot
along the road to a wagon, pull a good load, and work
every day. Again, the young horses of this breeding
will sell for a good price when they are four years
old, as the large cities pay from $400 to $500 a pair
for these young horses, and they are hard to find for
that money. Keep (he young mares, however, and
sell the geldings, as the mares will do the farm work
and bring a colt each spring, too. The Shires and
Clydesdales are both too slow and plethoric for the
road, and a good farm horse must bo a coed road
horse, too, or he will nor fill the bill as he should.

The Percheron will do well anywhere in this Stat"
if you will only give him a chance. As t<> the grav
color, that is to his credit, as it is a sure indication
of his Arabian blood — the blood which evcrv pure
bred Percheron possesses to a greater or less degree.
Some people will tell you that the Percheron has bad
feet. But I tell you that these bad feet are caused

by the ignorance of the blacksmith, and are not char-
acteristic of the breed. You would not undertake to
walk behind a plow all day with a pair of low quar-
tered, high heeled shoes on your feet ? Then why
expect a horse that weighs 1.500 pounds to wear a
narrow shoe that simply causes the rim to be pressed
from his hoof by the mere weight of the animal ?
Horses, as well as people, should, according to their
size and nature of their work, have their shoes made
to protect their feet, not ruin them.

However, the farmer is not going to make a success
at raising any particular breed of horses until he
first learns to correct some of the many mistakes
which most famers make in this State — viz. : In the
first place, they expect too much of the stallion ; it
matters not how good the individual is or what bis
breeding is. Men are too apt to point to a poorly
shaped, half starved, ungainly looking colt and say
that he is by such a stallion, giving the sire the credit
of all the colt's failings, without ever stating that
the colt was out of the poorest mare that he ever
owned, and that the only reason be bred the mare was
because she was not fit to use, and that the reason the
eolt was not any larger was because it bad never had
enough to eat since its birth. The stallion cannot do
more than his part. You must feed the foal and its
mother, then feed the colt after the same has been
taken from its mother, anil continue to care for and
protect the colt until he is four years old, and then
you will have a horse worth owning, and very little
trouble to sell for a good price.

Remember that "like heget~ like," and never breed
an unsound horse, male or female, unless you want to
take chances on producing a colt that will show some
tmsoundness before it is ever developed. Do not use
animals with spavins, ring bones or any other con-
stitutional trouble for breeding purposes. And above
all. never breed to a blind horse, or allow a blind
mare to be bred, unless you know that the animal lost
its eyes from a mechanical cause. See that your
brood mares are not mughly treated. A <rood driver
is a man who loves hi-; tram, is never willing to see
them overloaded, or go without a feed at the proper
time, and does not let them suffer for water.

.T. G. Ferxeyiioi'gii. State Veterinarian.
Blacksburg, Va.

THE HORSE FOR THE SOUTHERN FARMER.
Editor Southern Planter:

The great cause of so many small horses in Vir-
ginia is the introduction of cheap Southern and
Texas stock. Now, if Mr. David Swift will come

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

539

to Southwest, Virginia and get one of our Norman
(Pereheron) stallions to cross on his small mares, he
will find it to produce just the farm animal he needs.
There is an imported Norman in this county that
can be bought cheap, as he has been here six years,
and to avoid inbreeding his owners will sell. This
horse was bought by a company of farmers, ten in
number, from a New York importer for $1,250. He
is a coal black and weighs 1,800 pounds, and can be
bought for less than $400. He changed owners two
years ago and sold for $400. Stop trying small
mares, stop inbreeding, and breed to none but the
best of the kind wanted. $15 insurance is cheaper
than $5. W. H. Tinsley.

Roanoke Co.. Va.

can buy in a year or so all he wants for about $100
] it pair at five months old, but I would say to Mr.
Swift that I know from actual experience there is
more clean profit in raising good mules than any-
thing along these lines, and though he may say I have
written this to make the remark I am about to, I will
state I have two Jacks, and need but one, and will
let any one take their choice. W. S. Mott.

Gloucester Co., Va.

THE HORSE FOR THE VIRGINIA FARMER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I also am a subscriber to and admirer of the grand
old Planter, as well as Mr. Swift, whose article I
note in July issue on the farm horse. This has been
a question that disturbed this locality for some time,
and does still to a certain extent, and his article, with
the request of the editor, for some one to answer, has
moved me to give my small experience along these
lines. Fifteen years ago I became disgusted with the
quality and weight of the farm horses locally, and
bought an imported Pereheron stallion, at a cost of
$1,200, a direct descendant of M. W. Dunham's
great Brilliant, black, and weighing about 1,600
pounds, a horse of fine action and carriage, and
crossed him on the best bred and formed mares I
could get of good size, and got horses that were "A
one," weighing 1,300 or 1,400. I stood him in this
( Gloucester) and one other county, and made money.
though at first the public said it was too extreme a
cross, but the proof of the pudding is in the eating,
and now that I have sold him, and gone to breeding
mules from the large half bred mares, those who did
breed ask me all the time why I do not get another
one, though some are following my example and
breeding; to my Jacks, because they see there is more
clean money in a good three or four year old mule
(or at any age) than even a good three or four year
old grade Pereheron. I vastly prefer the Pereheron
to the Shire, especially in this climate, and I know
this breed will take better with the public as a stud
horse.

One of my neighbors leaves to-morrow to purchase
another horse of this same breed, and while at this
time there are no young fillies for sale, Mr. Swift

THE FARMER'S HORSE.

Editor Southern Planter:

An inquirer in your July number asks what kind
of horse is the best for a farmer to raise, stating his
mares weigh eight hundred and fifty pounds. If he
is not able to buy both larger mares and a horse of
the same type, let him buy a piire bred Pereheron
stallion and breed his small mares to him, and he will
find a great improvement in size and farm useful-
ness. Keep his mare colts an,d contimie breeding to
the large horse, increasing the size each cross. Once
he begins using large horses he will have no other,
and should he be fortunate enough to raise one he
thinks too large he will have no difficulty in dispos-
ing of it at a remunerative price. No country is better
adapted to raising horses than his. Color has but
little to do with the selling qualities of a first class
heavy horse, and these are the only horses that can
be bred with any certainty of getting what you breed
for. Some farmers in the West prefer some of the
other draft breeds, but the Pereheron, as a draft
horse, stands higher in America than any other.
They are kind, gentle and easily broken to work any-
where, and consume as little feed as any horse doing
the same amount and kind of work. If, as he says,
he wants to buy some mares, he will find the best
ones in the hands of farmers, who believe in keeping
that kind, and to be induced to dispose of them a
fancy price must be offered. If he is at all doubtful
as to the utility of heavy horses on the farm, let him
buy a pair and plow them along with a pair of small
ones, and he will need 3io further argument. By all
means let him keep away from grade stallions.
Cheap grade stallions have cost our country untold
wealth, and all such should be prohibited by statute.
Tlie Valley of Virginia and the Southwest know the
worth of these horses, and will have nothing but the
best. Roaxoke Co.

Roanoke Co., Va.

In writing to advertisers, mention Planter.

>40

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

The Poultry Yard.

THE BEST KIND OF GRAIN FOOD.
We are often asked the advisability of feeding
:heap wheat, shrivelled oats, or grains that have
through a tire and become almost vegetable

charcoal. None of these grains will prove valuable
For the fowls. While they do contain n

food value, it will he necessary for the fowls

• very much more of the shrivelled, imperfect

grains or screenings to gain the proper proportion of

to sustain body, life and egg production. The

feeding of the charred or partly burned grain pro-

:' vegetable charcoal for the fowl.

.V very large per cent, of the burned portion of the

grains is little hotter than ashes from the stove. Such

grains contain no substance, and add no benefit or

improvement to the fowls' condition. A reasonable

amount _ loan charcoal is good for the fowls.

It helps to sweeten the crop and gizzard and influ-

ences the condition of the fowl very much as a soda

tablet will benefit the dyspeptic after a meal.

If you are feeding a whole lot of chickens that you
do not care either to gain a profitable egg supply
from or to feed up and prepare for market poultry,
it may be practicable to feed them almost anything
that they will eat. but when you are keeping your
poultry for the purpose of having plenty of egsrs and
eggs of high quality, and tine-flavored fowls in the
: health and condition, then feed your poultry
the very best quality of grain it is possible for you to
obtain. One poultryman of our acquaintance pays
fifteen cents a bushel over and above regular market
price for the general run of wheat, to be supplied
with the choicest and plumpest of grains.

The oatmeal factories will not purchase light
weight oats. This is why hulled oats are usually of
the very best quality. At times it will happen that
in hulling the oats in the mill where oatmeal is made
that some that is rather light for making oatmeal will
be hulled. This, of course, is always sold with the
hulled oats that is sent out for noultry or other stock
- me time even this is far above the
average of the oats that is usually bought to feed to
poultry. When asked what kind of grain is the
most profitable to feed to poultry, we say absolutely
at all times the soundest and most perfect that you
can obtain, providing your pur; have a

profitable eirir yield during the winter. If you are
not particular as to this, less attention may be given
ihe selection. It is the habit of many to put corn
into the oven and heat or brown it a little for the
poultry during the cold or winter months. This can-
not in any way injure either the corn or the poultry.
but doubt verv much the statement or claim of some

that corn so prepared is responsible for an increased
egg yield.

Protein of the proper kind and quality and in \he
proper amounts has far more influence over the egg
yield than has all the charcoal or parched corn in the
world. Poultry will always obtain plenty of fat-
firming foods to provide the fatty part of the egg.
Lime is usually supplied plentifully enough to fur-
nish the egg shell, but albumen or white of the egir
is the finest of all albumen and its making calls for
the very best quality of protein.

Meat furnishes the best of these. Raw; lean meat
-'imo would be by far the very best, but this is
entirely too expensive to furnish a full supply to the
Sj - i it is necessary to feed them grains of the
better qualities strong in protein. Oats and wheat
furnish this to a large extent, and this is why oats,
wheat and a little cracked corn with some green bone
id to furnish a perfect ration for the egg pro-
ducing hen.

In the feeding of hens you must consider at all
times the liability or possibility of what the hen may
eat or drink tainting the value of the eggs. Filth or
dirt of any kind, onions, too much cabbage, and tur-
nips are just as liable — in fact, just as certain — to
taint the egg? as they will taint the milk of a cow
that is fed on them. — The Feather.

COW PEAS FOR POULTRY.

Cow peas for food for poultry were harvested after
maturity, stored in dry lofts and thrown to the fowls
in scratching pens, where they were scratched over
and searched for during the day.

After a few days the egg supply very visibly in-
creased, and within a few weeks almost doubled that
from an equal number of hens kept in separate quar-
ters and fed on other grains.

The hens seemed to like the small branches and
leaves, and would eat every particle except the hard.
stiff stems. The general health of the flock was ex-
cellent, and not a single hen showed the least symp-
tom of ailment during the winter season. — Southern
Agriculturist.

It is not always convenient to procure a supply of

rghum seedj but in some localities it is as

common as corn. It makes a good poultry food,

stimulating egg production and adds variety to the

daily ration. — Commercial Poultry.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

541

The Horse.

NOTES.

The black stallion, Burlington lias recently been
purchased by J. E. Lane, of Esmont, Va., and placed
in the stud at Woodmonde and Hattondale Farms.
Referring to this handsome and exquisitely finished
thoroughbred son of Powhatan, "The Thoroughbred
Record," of Lexington, Ky., a widely recognized
authority, says: "J. E. Lane, of Esmont, Va., has
obtained for use in the stud the great race horse and
sire, Burlington, 'the gentleman in black,' as he was
known while on the turf. Burlington was a capital
race horse, winning among other races the Criterion
stakes and Pelham Handicap as a two-year-old. At
three he won the Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial
and Tidal Stakes from the best of his day. Burling-
ton is by Powhatan (son of imp. Leamington and
Maiden by Lexington) out of imp. Invercauld by St.
Albans, she out of Eleanor by Voltigeur, she out of
Themis by Touchstone, she out of Rectitude by Lot-
tery, etc. This is the No. 9 family of the Bruce
Lowe figure system, from which come Mercury, Ben-
digo and Peter, a great racing and producing family.
Mr. Lane has a number of grandly bred mares and in
looking for a suitable stallion to mate with this band
of matrons he purchased of Catesby Woodford, Para,
Ky., the handsome son of Powhatan and Invercavdd.
McCleary, Practice, Aileen Wilson, Yours Truly,
Quincy and Miss Hume, other good winners are by
Burlington, and with the excellent opportunities that
Mr. Lane will give him, taking into consideration his
great record as a high-class race horse and excellent
breeding, he should receive liberal patronage from
breeders."

At the sale of horses in training by the Fasig-
Tipton Company, New York, held there recently,
C. F. Dyer disposed of three head of Virginia bred
two year olds in Red _ Reynard, bay colt, by imp.
Fatherless, dam Miss Rhoddie, by Milner, Renault,
bay colt, by imp. Charaxus, dam Merry Maid, by
Eolus, and Axis, chestnut colt, by imp. Charaxus,
dam Ethie, by Eolus. Rey Reynard went to H. C.
Schultz for $1,000, Renault to W. C. Michael for
$150, and Axis to Alex. Shields for $100.

J« jt #

Dr. James Kerr, of the Antrim stud, Warrenton,
Va., has lost by death, due to accidental causes, the
bay mare Aunt Bella, by imp. Ardington, dam Aunt
Sally, by Salvator. This mare was cut down in a
steeplechase at Fredericksburg last month. She was
not large, but well formed and handsome, and valued
on account of rich breeding and speed.

Ellerslie bred horses were in evidence at the recent
meeting at Fort Erie, Ontario, where Minotaur, 4, by
Eon, dam Mermaid, Eomc's dam, by imp. St. Blaise;
Mistiss, 2, by imp. Fatherless, dam Eostee, by Eolus ;
Chamblee, 4, by imp. Charaxus, dam Cantey, by
Eolus, and others from that noted Virginia breeding
ostablishment earned winning brackets.

Among the mares sent from a distance and bred to
Kelly, 2 :27, during the present season may be men-
tioned Juno Wilkes, 2:27, a large, handsome chest-
nut, daughter of Victor Wilkes and Nelly Lambert,
dam of Madge Wilkes, 2 :29 f , by Daniel Lambert.
She is owned by Capt. W. G. Sills, of the United
States Army, whose regiment is now stationed in
Texas. Along with Juno Wilkes came her foal of
1904, a well grown, handsome chestnut colt, by Suf-
fix, son of Superior, 2:17L

* j» j*

Manager Joel Cochran, of the Albemarle Horse
Show Association, Charlottesville, Va., is sending
out quite a handsome catalogue of the prizes to be
distributed there during the annual exhibition of this
well-known and popular organization, to be held on
August 3d and 4th. Charlottesville is the central
point of an important breeding and grazing district,
one which furnishes horses able to go out and win
important events on the big race tracks. Charlottes-
ville is quite an important railroad centre, too, hence
being easy of access the annual Horse Show is an
event looked forward to for months ahead in that sec-
tion, and since its inception has always been accorded
generous patronage. The prizes have been enlarged
this season, and other important classes added to the
programme this season, which renders it even more
attractive than formerly. Secretary F. B. Treiher
and Treasurer A. V. Conway are earnest co-worker9
of Manager Cochran, while other officers of the asso-
ciation include such men as E. O. Meyer, president;
H. E. McGruder, first vice-president; George B.
Goodyear, second vice-president, and C. Ruffin Ran-
dolph, third vice-president.

* * J*

W. C. Dyer, Roanoke, Va., is working for 6peed
Ihe pacers, Little Belle, 2 :13£, and Sport, 2 :22^, and
a half dozen or more green trotters. Dyer's horses
are quartered at the half mile track of the Roanoke
Fair Association, and all of them are doing welL
Among the trotters in his charge are Capt. Cook,
gray gelding, 4, by Jack Cook; Lady Dudley, by
Norfolk, dam Filigree, by Mambrino Dudley, and a
couple of promising fillies, both four year olds, by
Red Leo, 2 :204. Broad Rock.

542

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August.

Miscellaneous.

THE NEW DIRECTOR OF THE VIRGINIA EXPERI-
MENT STATION.

We have pleasure in presenting a likeness of the
gentleman who lias just been appointed Director of
the Virginia Experiment Station and Dean of the
Agricultural Department of the Virginia Polytech-
nic Institute at Blacksburg. We hail this appoint-
ment of P^'i. Soule as ihe beginning of a new era in
ricultural advancement of the State. He is a
young man of untiring energy and perseverance.
wholly devoted to his profession, who has by his
ability and marked individuality made for himself a

■i -

• 1^

■'

■MPW ,;V

KKL

■ """

C::''"-' :--' -: ■-

PROF. A. M. SOULE.

noted position amongst the teachers of scientific
agriculture throughout the country. The son of a
Canadian farmer, and brought up on the farm, he
practically the difficulties and wants of the
farmer, and he 1ms shown by the work he has done
at the Tennessee Experiment Station and Agricul-
tural College, and by bis articles in the leading agri-
cultural journals of the country that he is ready, able
and willing to help in the solution of the every-day
problems of the farm. We count Virginia very for-
tunate in having secured bis services. In this issue
will be found an article from Prof. R. H. Price,
giving further details of Prof. Soule's work in the
past. Prof. Price and lie were co-workers for some
years at the Texas Experiment Station.

In writing to advertisers, mention Planter.

A STATE FARMER'S ORGANIZATION NEEDED.

Editor Southern Planter:

In several Southern States there are successful
farmer's organizations. Various sub-organizations,
such as stockmen, dairymen, nurserymen, horticul-
turists, etc., come together for a two or three days'
meeting. Each division or section meets a few times
by itself to discuss matters purely personal, but all
sections come together in a body to discuss matters in
which all are interested. Now, why cannot Virginia
have such an organization ? In all such successful
organizations the politician is kept in the back-
ground. Leading scientists and experts are invited
to address the meetings, but no politician. We need
such an organization to get appropriations and laws
passed favorable to agriculture. We need such an
influence upon our young men now engaging in agri-
cultural pursuits. There are still men left in the
State who do not think it exactly honorable to work
on the farm. The only true gentleman, in their
opinion, is the one with "lily white bands,'' a man of
leisure. We want all such men to "rub up against"
a strong farmer's organization.

There is a good horticultural organization in the
State, and its influence for good has been great.
Large organizations have much influence on the rail-
roads in securing favorable freight rates. When the
requests of our agricultural boards are backed by a
strong State organization they will have much weight
before the Legislature. Other interests organize,
why not have an organization of farmer's interests;
Why should he remain solitary and alone with all the
parasites trying to feed upon him. The farmer's oc-
cupation is honorable and most noble. But for sym-
pathy and co-operation he must look to his brotber
farmers, and not to those whose interests are entirely
different. "In union there is strength." Let u^
organize. We can do it if we will.

Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price.

PLANT FOR NAME.

Enclosed find a weed which is a very obnoxious
one. Please give name of it in next number of the
Planter. Subscriber.

Giles Co., Va.

As we were unable to identify the plant we sent it
to the Department of Agriculture, Washington. The
Botanist, Prof. Dewey, writes us that it is yellow
hawk weed (Hieracium praealtum). He says that

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

543

this is the first record he has of it South of the north-
ern boundary of Pennsylvania. In the section from
northeastern New York to Maine it is known as the
"King Devil Weed," and is regarded as the worst
weed in that region. It is propogated not only by
its seeds, hut hy underground root stalks and by
runners above ground. It has been found that the
weed may be killed by the application of salt at the
rare of about 300 pounds to the acre. In Vermont,
where this remedy was tried, the salt improved the
growth of Kentucky Blue Grass. — Ed.

GRASS SEEDING FOR HAY.

I have eleven acres of gravelly upland I want to
sow in grass alone this fall to make hay next sum-
mer. Which would be the best grass to sow? How
much per acre '. What time is best to sow ? What
kind of fertilizer should I use, and how much per
acre? Would vou recommend sowing any nitrate of
soda on grass in the fall '. W. M. H.

Rockingham Co., Va.

In our article on "Work for the Month" in this
issue will be found advice as to seeding grass, which
will answer most of the above queries. On page 479
of the July issue will be found Mr. Clark's formula
for the fertilizer which he uses to secure his great
crops. We a]. prove the same for use here in the
South, except that we would not apply the nitrate of
soda in the fall when seeding the crop, but would use
the same as a top dressing in spring after the crop
has commenced to grow. — Ed.

A NEW DIRECTOR ELECTED FOR THE VIRGINIA
EXPERIMENT STATION.

Editor Southern Planter:

Prof. Andrew MacXarwin Soule, of Tennessee Ex-
periment Station, has recently been elected Director
of the Virginia Experiment Station and Dean of the
Agricultural Department. I consider the Board
very fortunate in securing his services. Working
with him at the Texas Experiment Station for three
years, I found him to be an able and hard-working
officer. His work at the Tennessee Experiment Sta-
tion has taken high rank. He has built up the agri-
cultural work there immensely. He also is an able
teacher. His influence with young men is excellent.
I expect to see much larger numbers of young men
take the agricultural course under his -^nagement.
He is a strong young man, both mentally and phy-
sically. A native of Canada, he was educated at
Guelph Agricultural College. He worked a few

years at the Missouri Experiment Station, and his
later work in Texas and Tennessee at the Experiment
Stations, make him very familiar with our Southern
ways and customs. I consider him one of us. He
married a Southern lady. I think it will not be long
before the State will feel his strong influence along
agricultural lines. He is a man who spends money
in his agricultural experiments, and the Board will
have their eyes opened when some of his requests go
in for agricultural equipment and experimental work.
Instead of spending something like $12,000 for sala-
ries out of the Federal appropriation of $15,000 for
station work, the Agricultural Department alone will
need more than the three thousand dollars left. I
want to see more of this Station money devoted to
true Station work. The farmers of the State have
a very strong representative along these lines in Prof.
Soule. While the Board is to be congratulated upon
its wise selection, it appears also that the Board has
given him latitude for -excellent work. Tinder his
management I expect the Station to be taken off the
"side track" and be placed on the ''main line." for
which it was intended. Now, if the Board could get
a man to do creditable work in the position Prof.
Alwood has recently resigned, and to work with Prof.
Soule, on mycological lines, and with the completion
of the new agricultural building, the Virginia Ex-
periment Station would be making rapid progress.
Many changes are taking place both in the College
and Station, and we hope all will be for the better.
As a farmer, I desire to give credit where I think
it is due, and to offer suggestions for improvement
where I think they are needed. When the State Ex-
periment Station starts off well, we want to turn our
attention to the State Department of Agriculture.
Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price.

DISINFECTANTS AND LICE KILLERS.

The July issue of the Southern Planter con-
tains some suggestions upon the subject of gapes in
chickens, in which carbolic acid is recommended as a
remedy.

There is something about the use of carbolic acid
that reminds one of the glorious Fourth, just past.
Last vear, the year before, and the year before that
many people lost their lives from explosions, acci-
dental discharges, and the ensuing complications.
Every person who handles fireworks knows full well
that he is running a risk. Neverthelessless when
July 4, 1904, came it found plenty of enthusiastic
people ready to assume this risk and eager to par-

544

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

ticipate in the celebration with toy cannons, giant
crackers, bombs and torpedoes. Some of those very
people who said to themselves on July 3d that there
is really no danger, if one is careful, are now crip-
pled or dead from wounds inflicted by fireworks.

So it is with the farmer or poultryman who per-
sists in using poisonous and caustic drugs in the
drinking; water and food of his animals. He has
never had an accident, and therefore assumes that he
never will have one. Sooner or later, however, there
comes a time when a mistake is made and disastrous
results follow. A child gets 'hold of the bottle that
has been carelessly left within his reach, the contents
are mistaken for something else, or an overdose is
given, and a heavy penalty is the result.

There might be a ghost of an excuse for this per
nicious habit of using deadly poisons if there were no
substitute for these dangerous drugs, which has not
their poisonous qualities. Carbolic acid, bichloride
of mercury, chloride of zinc and preparations of a
similar nature are disinfectants, but they are also
deadly poisons. It is difficult to understand why
people will persist in handling such drugs when there
are efficient disinfectants which are relatively non-
poisonous to the higher animals.

Kerosene and kerosene emulsion are also much
used about poultry houses and stock barns. Every
person who uses them will admit that they are ex-
ceedingly disagreeable to handle, and that there is
always an element of danger connected with their
■use. There is also another objection to the last two
products mentioned. It should be remembered that
in the care of all live stock there are two classes of
parasitic organisms to be combatted. Eirst, there
are the insect pests, consisting of lice, ticks, fleas,
mites, etc. Any preparation which destroys these
pests is termed an insecticide. The other class of
pests which must be destroyed in order that live stock
may be in the best and most healthy condition is the
disease germs. Cholera, roup, distemper, glanders,
and a multitude of other disorders are brought about
by the presence of minute germs, quite different from
insects. The preparation which is used to destroy
these pests is termed a germicide or a disinfectant.
An awkward and antiquated method of combatting
these two classes of pests would be to spray or
sprinkle the buildings first with an insecticide, then
with a disinfectant. An insecticide is not neces-
sarily a disinfectant, and vise versa. However,
there are solutions and emulsions which possess the
qualities of both. The coal-tar carbolic preparations
have been demonstrated to be efficient destrovers of

insects and disease germs. Therefore, a more proper
and progressive method of ridding the premises of
the two classes of pests is by spraying or sprinkling
with a solution, which is an insecticide and also a
disinfectant. Notwithstanding the fact that Experi-
ment Stations have called the attention of the farmer
to this fact, there are many who are using kerosene
cnmlsion with the mistaken idea that they are de-
stroying disease germs. Dr. L. L. Lewis, of the
Oklahoma Experiment Station, says: "Kerosene
emulsion has no qualities as a disinfectant sufficient
to warant its use."

If kerosene emulsion is used it must be followed
by another spraying with a liquid which will disin-
fect. It is needless to say that such a repetition of
work is unnecessary and unwarranted just as much
as a second planting of a field of grain is unneces-
sary when one can be made to do the work.

The difficulty lies in the mania some persons ap-
pear to have for "home remedies." No dotibt there
are home remedies that are valuable and home treat-
ments that are warranted. The more farmers can
know about these the better it will be for them. But
the difficulty arises when Mary Jones, observing that
her chickens have a disorder which she calls roup
(and which, by the way. may not be roup at alii,
forthwith puts some kerosene down their throats in-
some axle grease on their toes and soon afterward
notices an improvement. Mary then hastens to an-
nounce through the columns of her favorite agricul-
tural journal that kerosene or axle grease, as the
case may be, is an "unfailing remedy" for roup.
The chances are that the disease was not roup in the
first place, and that the remedy applied had no effect
upon it, in the second place. Our friend is drawing
conclusions from a single case, which is always un-
safe. Furthermore, she is assuming conditions
which may or may not have been present. It re-
quires one familiar with animal diseases to correctly
diagnose a case. Not that an experienced poultry
keeper is unable to recognize a case of roup or gapes,
but those unskilled in such matters often fail to note
details and conditions that are essential. Thus the
treatment that proves successful in one case may be
disastrous in another. Therein lies the danger of
Mary Jones' positive announcement that kerosene or
axle grease is a panacea for all ills.

Let the farmer and poultry keeper bear in mind
that cleanliness and sanitation are the prime requi-
sites of health and thrift. Animals that are free
from insect pests are in a much better position to re-
sist disease than those whose vitality is being sapped

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

545

by myriads of lice, ticks or fleas. Give the live
stock clean, sanitary surroundings and little trouble
will be experienced from disease. We can scarcely
prevent the introduction of dangerous disease germs
into our barns, stables, yards and poultry quarters.
These germs float in the air ; they may be carried in
the water, dirt and dust are often loaded with them ;
they are almost omnipresent. We may, however,
keep the live stock quarters in such a condition that
such germs as find lodgment there will be destroyed
and thus their disastrous effects obviated. If yards
and buildings are sprayed frequently with a disin-
fectant solution, feeding troughs and boxes treated
likewise, and any animal giving evidences of con-
tagion promptly isolated, and disinfected, the dan-
ger will be reduced to a minimum. Here, again, it
is evident that if the solution which is used to de-
stroy the disease germs is at the same time destroy-
ing insect pests an additional insurance against dis-
ease is provided. A Reader.

AN EXODUS.

Editor Southern Planter:

When is this movement of our young men, our
middle aged men, and our old men, from country to
city to cease ? Why this unseemly and unreasoning
haste to leave the fresh, pure air and sunshine of the
country, which God has made, and bury one's self in
the great, wicked cities, which man, wicked man, has
made, and which in 99 cases out of every 100 are
badly made and badly governed.

What does it advantage a man, to gain a preca-
rious foothold and a scanty, meagre living in the
city, and lose his old home in the country? What
are thousands upon thousands of people daily losing
when they move from the farm, in the fresh, pure
air and sunshine of the country, and take up re-
stricted, unhealthful quarters in the great big, noisy,
dusty, dirty city?

When is this "exodus" from farm to city to cease ?
To-day there are more than 1,000 families in the
city of Norfolk, who pine for the farm they left be-
hind them. More than 1,000 families in one city,
which ought to be out on the farm, producing some-
thing instead of being in the great city consuming
everything.

Yesterday we spent in the country with a farmer.
He had fine, registered Jerseys; good pigs, plenty of
fat chickens. The rustling corn was on every side.
There is nothing which whispers of plenty like the
waving corn blades, rustling in the wind.

At the table we partook of a sumptuous repast.
There was chicken, eggs, ham, milk, butter, cream.

cheese, pickles of all kinds, tomatoes, beets, apples,
corn, potatoes, corn bread, wheat bread, coffee, etc.
Take off the wheat bread, coffee, sugar, pepper and
salt, and the rest of that splendid meal was grown
right upon the farm, where it was consumed.

All winter long this man has green vegetables in
his garden. He never buys any meat, lard, butter,
milk or eggs. His wife can get up a meal on short
notice for five, ten or for fifty people at any time of
the year, and that, too, without running to the corner
grocery, meat shop, bakery, etc.

His fruit trees are now loaded with fruit of all
kinds. The blackberry bushes on the edges of his
fields are also loaded down with the delicious fruit.
The vegetable crops are planted in relays, so to speak,
so that green stuff is coming on all the time for
market, and for that best of markets, his own table.

As this particular farm where we visited faced on
the salt water, fish, oysters, clams and crabs were to
be had all the year, just for the catching. With the
waters full of such food, and two or three hundred
chickens running around, with fat pigs in the pen, and
fine Jersey cows chewing the cud, and the genial
sunshine and refreshing showers making all the crops
grow and mature rapidly, such a man, so located, is
better off, even if he has but ten acres in the country,
than if getting $1,200 to $1,500 a year salary in the
city. He will use every dollar of his salary to buy
what he eats and wears — that is to say, he will spend
what is left after he pays rents, taxes and all the
penalties which a man has to pay who makes his
home in the city.

It is not necessary for a man to own a big home:
in the country. Even if he has but ten acres, it will
make him independent, provided he will handle it
right. He can have one cow, which will insure him
butter, cream, milk, Dutch cheese, etc. He can have
two pigs, which insures his lard, pork, sausage, bacon,
etc., for the year. He can have 50 or 100 hens,
which insure him eggs and chicks to sell and to
eat. He can have a great big garden and an as-
sortment of fruit trees, and have fruits and vege-
tables all the year, his own raising. He can have a
little surplus to sell all the time — a little butter, a
few eggs, a few chickens, a few vegetabes, a little
fruit, and these "littles" will bring in cash enough
to buy that which cannot be raised or grown upon
the little farm. If close to markets, an acre or two
in berries or Irish potatoes or in many other similar
crops will pay remarkably well. People within easy
reach of this city are now making a living from a
very small acreage of land.

Last year an aged darkey made $200 clear of all

546

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

expense from about one acre in berries. This yeaT
;i gentleman is making nearly $1,000 per acre, net
profit, from a little two and one-half acre patch of
land. As a rule, the smaller the farm the better it
can be fertilized with brains. There is a first class
fertilizer factory in the head of every practical
farmer. He sin mid use his head and his hands, and
then his heart will he in his work.

Such men cm a 50 acre farm or a 20 acre farm or
1(1 acre or even on a 5 aero farm cannot be downed.
They will alight on their feet every time like a cat.
When the farmer on a 040 acre farm falls or fails,
hi comes down ker-flop fiat on his back. You can-
not put a ten acre farmer on his back. He is right
^ide up every way you take him. He covers his
farm, and his farm keeps and takes care of him.

The practical, thorough, active farmer on his farm
in Eastern Virginia near the sea, is the most inde-
pendent farmer in the world. Put a great big high
f( nee around him and fence him off from the rest of
the world, keep him in and the rest of the world out.
and after a ten year period yon will find him right,
side up witli care. It is true his clothes might he
worse for wear, and a little out of fashion, hut he

would have g 1 digestion and good health and a

clear conscience.

Every man should lay out his farm and arrange
his work and plant his crops so as to make his farm
as near self-supporting as possible. Sell as much
and lmy as little as possible. That is what makes
nations prosperous, and that will also make pros-
perity for the individual. The farmers of Eastern
Virginia can, if they will, make themselves the most
truly in dependent of any class of people in the
world. Fish, oysters, clams, crabs, chickens, eggs.
beef, pork, mutton, lamb, lard, fruits, vegetables of
all kinds all the year; corn, wheat, oats, hay, pota-
toes, etc., a little to sell, will buy all there is needed
to buy.

The soil and the climate here favor the growing of
all the farm crops found in the temperate zone. The
markets demand everything grown. And it is really
and truly surprising, and very interesting to see and
to know how independent a farmer can be here, if he
will hut make a fair effort in that direction. The
salaried man pays out every dollar of his salary, and
for what does he pay it I He pays it all out for that
which, in the country practically costs him nothing.
The farmer in the country, who just succeeds in mak-
ing ends meet, is really and truly much more inde-
pendent than the man in the city drawing a salary
even of $2,000 per annum.

Stick to the country young man, middle aged man,
old man. Keep) your brain clear, head level, stomach
in order, conscience in good shape, and remember
that it is to the country that the country must go for
her statesmen, her warriors, her greatest and lies!
professional men of all classes.

Mark the prediction, within ten years the move-
ment from city to country will begin. That will be
a healthy "exodus." That will mean prosperity, not
only individual, but collective prosperity. Such a
movement will help all classes and all conditions and
injure none. Speed the day when it shall become
popular and fashionable to "exodus" from city to
country. A. Jeffers.

MAKING A CONCRETE FLOOR.

( '. W., Mt. Victory, O., asks what it will cost to
build a cement floor in his cattle barn, 2S.\58. Crush-
ed stone is $1 per yard, sand 50 cents, and cement
$2.50 per barrel. He wishes to know how thick the
floor should be.

It. will take a yard of crushed stone, a barrel of
cement and about half a yard of sand, according to
the fineness of the stone, to make a yard of concrete.
That will mean 27 cubic feet, which, if laid four
inches thick, will lay 81 square feet of floor. There-
fore to lay your 1,624 square feet will take 20 bar-
rels of cement, 20 yards of stone and about 10 loads
of sand. It will take a little more cement than that
for there should be a half inch of richer cement
mortar laid on before the under layer is quite set.
You should buy cement for less money than $2.50
per barrel. Joseph E. Wing.

INTENSIVE TRUCKING.

I am interested in the growing of various truck-
crops, and would be glad if jlr. Jeffers will give more
in detail the method of growing four crops in one
year. I would like to know how the spinach was
planted, how wide between the rows? Was the let-
tuce in rows or in beds? What variety of bean
planted, and variety of canteloupe ? And last of all,
where on earth a market was found for the stuff at
the prices quoted so late in the season ? I grow
lettuce, hut have never been able to get. anything like
such prices so late as May 15th, and the lettuce crop
could not have been marketed sooner. I have only
been in the business a few years, and feel a great
need of information along these lines.

Pittsylvania Co., Va. W. A. Cherry.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE.

547

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

TIE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING C01P1

RICHMOND. VA.

Issued on 1st of bach Month.

J. F. JACKSON,

Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING,
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to
subscribers in the United States and Canada
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 75c.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER. Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after they have
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
quiries will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk.
When made otherwise we cannot be respon-
sible.

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at once.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond,
Va., as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Plant for Name 525

The Rye Crop 526

Shippers in Meat 526

Skippers in Hams 526

Ground Lime Stone 526

Fall Cabbage 526

Curing Pea Vine Hay — Harvesting

Corn — Grass Mixture 526

Seeding Wheat With Lime 527

Grass for Name 527

Clover and Bean Bacteria 527

Flows 527

Hairy Vetch 527

Improving Land for Grass 527

Diseased Wheat Ears 528

Preparing Land for Wheat, Oats

and Pasture 528

Skippers in Hams 529

Getting Rid of Pleas and Lice 529

Alfalfa Land— Thin Shelled Eggs. 529

Beehives 529

Parsnip Seed 529

Orchard Management-Cattle Ticks

— Clover Seeding 530

Sick Hogs 530

Alfalfa— Timothy Chaff 530

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

To Advertisers.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of send-
ing in all advertisements and mat-
ter pertaining to advertising, by
the 25th of each month. If it can
be sent before that date, so much
the better for both of us. There
is not a month that passes that we
do not leave out somebody's ad. be-
cause of it reaching us too late.

Trial Subscriptions.

For 10 cents, coin or stamps, we
will send the Southern Planter
for three months as a trial sub-
scription. As hundreds of our
readers will be in attendance upon
all sorts of picnics during this
month, we would very much appre-
ciate it, if they will bring this lit-
tle offer to the notice of their
friends. In this way, we will be
enabled to get hold of a lot of non-
reading farmers. Once we get
them to reading, we are sure that
we can help them as well as our-
selves.

FARMERS ARE USING THEIR
BRAINS.

LESS MANUAL LABOR ON THE FARM TO-
DAY THAN EVER BEFORE.

Probably no other calling has made
greater strides during the past ten
years than farming. The brainiest
men are studying the problems of the
farm, and the work done by some of
the machinery in present use is a lit-
tle short of marvelous. All kinds of
farm labor is now performed better,
quicker and cheaper by machinery
than it possibly could be done by hand.

One of the best known firms engaged
in the building of agricultural machin-
ery is the A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd., of
York, Pa. Their line comprises En-
gines, Boilers, Threshers, Saw Mills,
Drills, Planters, etc., which are famous
for their efficiency, economy and safety

The exhibit of the Farquhar Co. in
the Palace of Agriculture at the St.
Louis World's Fair will interest every
farmer, lumberman and miller. Every
one visiting the Fair should make a
point of inspecting this splendid line
of machinery, and will be well repaid
for the trouble.

An illustrated catalogue describing
this machinery will be mailed free to
all who write The A. B. Farquhar Co.,
Ltd., York, Pa.

Wood's Seeds.

Crimson Clover

Sown at the last working
of the Corn or Cotton Crop,

can be plowed under the following
April or May in time to plant corn
or other crops the same season.
Crimson Clover prevents winter
leaching of the soil, is equal in fer-
tilizing value to a good application
of stable manure and will wonder-
fully increase the yield and qual-
ity of corn or other crops which
follow it. It also makes splendid
winter and spring grazing, fine
early green feed, or a good hay
crop. Even if the crop is cut off,
the action of the roots and stubble
improve the land to a marked de-
gree.
v

ci

T.W.Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND,

VIRGINIA.

Wood's Descriptive Pall Catalog, ready
about August 1st, tells all about Farm
and Vegetable Seeds for Fall plant-
ing. Mailed free on request.

Some Bargains.

1 CHATHAM FAN complete; screens, eleva-
tor and bagging attachment. Regular
price, $36; my price, $16. This is the best
Fan made and cleans perfectly all kinds
of grain and seed.

5 BUCKEYE CORN HARVESTERS, made by
Foos Mfg. Co. Regular price, $1S; my
price. $G each. They will save double the
cost in a week.

1 COOK'S PORTABLE EVAPO

FURNACE on rockers; galvanized pan,
stack, etc.. complete. Regular price, $22;
my price, $11.

1 40-GAL. PORTABLE COOKING KETTLE

for stock; has iron frame around it, cov-
ering outside, furnace has grate, door
and stack, needs no bricking up or set-
ting. Regular price, $11; my price, $6.
This is a treasure on any farm.
All of the above are new and complete, and
may be returned if purchaser is not pleased
on seeing them. They must be sold at once.
GEO. T. KING, Richmond, Va.

FRAZER

AX1C Ui CS.SC the world.

Its wearing qualities are unsurpaBBed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bxB. any other brand,
Not affected by heat. «"Get the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS lolled by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment
Stations. Thiaeoapisa Fertilizer as well as an Inseeti-
eitie. 50-lb. kegs, $2.50; ion-lb. kcu's, Si.:<j; half kirrel,
2701b., Sje per lb: barrel, 4^5 lb ,3»e. Send fur Booklet,

548

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

[August,

1DEDE RICK'S
BALING PRESSES
are made for every baling need. In wood or Bteel,
every style an. I si/e. from hand i...«er to the larg-
est power press u role. WhY you should buy Heder-
Ick Presses, and how weeati save von monei ''
convincingly toldln oni analogue, win h idu
trateB the latest and greatest variety of haling nu- .
chinery made. Send for a eopv to-day. It'sfree.
P.K.DEDERICK'SSUVS, « TivoliSt., Albany, S.Y.

The

Red Ripper

Save* Time, Labor and Money

HAY

PRESS

THE RED RIPPER is the strongest,
simplest and most durable hay press on
the market; requires only one horse to
operate; capacity, 15 to 20 full size bales
(75 to 100 pounds) per hour. Costs less
than any other good press and does more
and better work than most presses cost-
ing Are times as much.

Write for Free Illustrated Booklet.
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena, Ga. |

BALE YOUR O^N HAY

MILLET SORGHUM PEA VINES ETC.

WH A"HAMDY"BALER //„,„„ .. „

THE STP.0NGEST.M0ST PBWEPF UL //F ki|FORk;S<:"-UTEI-y
SWIFTEST AND LICMTEST // c^MRn BALES

LITTLE GIANT
HAY PRESS CO.

^DALLAS/TEXAS.

, WHITE FOB PARTICULARS
» CATALOC rUNDoflCfiSE

EVER PUT OP* THE
MARKET.

COMBINED
GASOLINE ENGINE

CHAMPION

and hay PRESS

At it for 30 years and right up-to-date.
Pressps of every style and for every pur-
pose. If wanting a Baling Press write to

EASTCHICACO, IND.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
A new advertiser this month is the
Cottage Grove Farm. Finely bred
Berkshires are offered.

A splendid lot of grade breeding
ewes and a few good bucks are offered
by that veteran sheep breeder, Mr.
John Mathews.

Mr. T. M. Arrasmith has some excel-
lent Berkshire blood which he is anx-
ious to disseminate at very reasonable
prices.

Angora goats, bucks, wethers and
does can be gotten from J. H. Harp-
ster in any quantity desired at low
prices.

The Nut Nursery Company Is
another new advertiser in this issue.
Parties interested in pecans and other
similar stock should look up the ad.
Three splendid thoroughbred mares
are offered for sale in another col-
umn by Mr. W. Chamberlain.

Inquirers for Red Poll Cattle are re-
ferred to the ad. of Arrowhead Stock
Farm, in this number.

A splendid flock of Southdown sheep
is offered by Col. R. H. Dulany's
manager. There is probably no better
blood in the country.

Soil infected with alfalfa bacteria
can be had in any quantity of Mr. J.
B. Watkins at very reasonable prices.
Mr. C. M. Bergh will sell his Guern-
sey bull to prevent inbreeding.

The Highland Stock Farm has an
ad. in another column. Shorthorn cat-
tle, Poland China hogs and Scotch Col-
lie dogs are offered. Special prices
will obtain for the present. Look up
the ad.

Light Brahma fowls can he had of
Mr. J. H. Fraser. Look up his ad. in
another column.

Duntreath Berkshires are described
in an ad. on another page as "the very
best."

Mr. A. L. French, of the Sunny
Home Angus Farm, has recently made
a splendid addition to his herd, and is
giving the public the benefit of it, ac-
cording to his ad. on another page.
Dorsets and Herefords, at right
prices, can be gotten from H. Arm-
strong.

Our catalogue gives valuable pointers about Pre... -,

i and operation. Our 37 years* experience makethe Get
ies most durable, easily operated and least ex-
"•'■■ <■■' < k.V.V.U. ERTELCO.,OulneT, 111.

SECRET

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMERS
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays $10 weekly sick,
*20 weekly accident and $2,000 death benefit,
and $50 old age pension. Organizers wanted,
good pay. KNIGHTS OP AGRICULTURE^
Washington, D. C

PLEASED WITH THE RESULTS OF
CAUSTIC BALSAM.
Washington, Va„ Jan. 27, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co.,
Cleveland, O.:
I have used GOMBAULT'S CAUS-
TIC BALSAM on four horses, one for
enlarged ankle; one colt, as absorb-
ent; on third colt, for hard lump on
bone from kick, used as liniment and
blister; and fourth, on a horse for
sprained ankle and tendon. Have been
pleased with results and expect to or-
der more soon. JNO. A. KEYSER.

"You are accused of running the end
of your umbrella in this man's eye.
Are you guilty or not guilty "

"Not guilty, your honor. The um-
brella doesn't belong to me."

Farmers Having Stumps

, ■•v^v

to pull or land to clear, will do well to
Investigate

The Monarch Grubber
and Stump Puller.

It la the best on earth; you make no mistake
in buying of a man of 5 years experience In
pulling stumps. We set up the Puller and
guarantee satisfaction before we want your
money. f> sizes. Write for catalogue and prices.
JOS. W. RITCHIF. State Agentf R F. D. No
39, GrottoeB, Va.

Chambarlin Mfg. Co., Olean~ N. Y„ U. S. A.
HERCULES STUMP PULLER

^-'-.i—

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day.
ClearBall stumps In a circle of 150 ft. without
moving or changing machine, Strongest, molt
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mlg. Co., 413 17th St., Cenlrevllle, Iowa.

Monarch iStump Puller

Will pull stump 7-ft. in
diameter. Guaranteed to
stand a strain of 250,000
lbs. For catalogue and
discount on first machine
address

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate Mills,

From 1 to 40 It. P. Also Bone Cat.
teea, hand and power, for the f ,, .1 iU
tryinen; Farm Feed Mlllm (Jra-
hum Flour Hand Mllla. grll and
t-hell Mill*. Send for catalogue.
WILSON BROS., Sole, .urn.,

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

549

Wagon Box and Rack

20th

CENTURY

leful, and labo
lag articles ever "ofterfid to 'the farmer. Substan-
tially made and flnishedfrom best materials. Mal-
leable eastings and very strong. When closed it is
available for hauling corn, potatoes, wood, live
stock, etc. By suspending canvas or muslin from
top, inside, will hold 100 bushels of bulk grain.

SIDES CAN BE LOWERED INSTANTLY
And it becomes a solid rack for hauling hay, straw,

dJer sheaf wheat etc., with ample strength
capacity for three tons. Very convenient ror
hulking corn with side lowered as shown incut.
MadeUfeetlong and regular widths. Sold direct
to farmers at manufacturers' prices, freight pre-
paid. Write for Catalogue and prices.
MODEL MFG. CO. Box M uncle, Ind.

DE LOACH PAT.

Variable Friction Feed

r/trrnrro

Save Power ana Repairs. Make Smooth Lumber.
8ulted to 4 H. P. up— for the farmer or the lum-
ber man. Also shingle Mills, Lath Mills, Buhr
Mills, Planers and Hay Presses. Catalog FREE.

DeLOACH PAT.

TRIPLEX HAY BALER. SELF-FEEDER. LOW IN PRICE
For Hand, Hone or Belt Power. Leverage 40 to 1.

Bales quieter, easier and mo-e solid than anv
oiher- Also Grinding Mills Water Wheels, Etc.
120 i..i«T» st. DE LOACH MILL MFG, CO.
new york. Box 600 Atlanta, Ga. st. louis

GRAIN Brill

'• The TURK FORCE FEED DRILL eo--

s lightness with strength. Host complete drill

made, ysrornplex gearing to get out of order. Boxes
toground. _ Fully

Weight,

Only ?0O lbs.

Agents Wi

Write for Catalogue.

THE rlENCH&DRONIGOLD CO.,"*

Mfrs..T< "

. i for free

— ' catalogue.
SPANGLER MFG. CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa.

WE'LL PAY THE FREICHT

nd aend 4 Kutct W nn-li, Steel Tire on, . #7.35
Wim Robber fires, #15.00. I mfg. wheels H to 4 in.
tread. Top Buggies, $23.75 ; Harness. 13 60. Write tor
catalogue. Learn how to boy vehicles nod partsdirect.
' Wagon Umbrella FBEK.W.V. BOOB, Cincinnati, 0.

"WASHINGTON NOTES.
A recent publication of the Bureau
of Animal Industry on "The Farm
Separator" has been in such demand
that the Department of Agriculture is
preparing a farmers' bulletin (201),
entitled "The Cream Separator on
Western Plains." The author, Special
Agent E. H. Webster, writes largely
from the observations made and facta
gathered throughout Kansas and Ne-
braska. Not formerly in the list of
dairy States, he says, these two have
had a history in dairying both unique
and interesting. The first lessons in
the industry were paid for by the
farmers at the rate of about $100 per
lesson in co-operative stock creamery
companies, organized by smooth pro-
moters. The scheme of running a
creamery without a sufficiency or con
tributers of cream or milk was disas-
trous. The second step was bringing
into practice the idea of skimming the
farmers' milk at a station and ship-
ping the cream to a central point for
churning. This lesson, Mr. Webster
says, only cost the farmer about $25.
The third and successful step was
the coming of the separator. To-day
the creamery business of Kansas and
Nebraska is a cream-gathering system,
and the farmer has the separator in
his home, while the creamery has the
product of it. The author discusses
the relative cost of hauling milk both
ways and of hauling cream one way.
comments on the increase in the but-
ter fat due to the use of the separa-
tor, and also urges that while the sepa-
rator is automatic in its skimming,
some care and exercise of brains are
needed in the handling of the cream.
He also shows that a large share of
the responsibility for the production of
good butter rests upon the creamery
management. There is no fear, he
says, of the ultimate outcome of the
farm-separator-creamery system if all
who are concerned in it make the best
use of the means they have at hand
and study to Know more about the
business and to make high quality
both of cream ; nd butter — the end to
which all efforts should be bent.

"Turkey Bulletin" (No. 200) of the
Department of Agriculture, now on
the government press, contains the
following three general rules for se-
lecting stock:

First. Always use as breeders tur-
key hens over one year old. Be sure
they are strong, healthy and vigorous,
and of good medium size. In no in-
stance select the smaller ones. Do
not strive to have them unnaturally
large.

Second. The male may be a yearling
or older. Do not imagine that the
large, overgrown mates are the best.
Strength, health and vigor, with well-
proportioned, medium size, are the
main points of excellence.

Third. Avoid close breeding. New
blood is of vital importance to turkeys.
Better send a thousand miles for a
new male than to risk the chances of

THAT'S why the most prosperous and
successful farmers in the country,
for the most part, are using our wheels
or our wagons. That's why more of our

ELECTRIG
Steel Wheels

and

ELECTRIG
Handy Wagons

are sold every year than of any two other
makes — just plain sense.

They are made right. They save
labor and repair bills. They pay for
themselves and they give satisfac-
tion. If you don't know about them, you
ought— they're a mighty good thing to
have about the farm.
Wouldn't it be "plain
sense" for you to investi-
gate? We'll send you our
book free— no obligations
to buy. Write to-day.
Electric Wheel Co,
Box 146. Quincy, III.

We'll sell you either the wheels

BUGGIES

SURRIES,
DAYTONS,
RUNABOUTS,

SPINDLE "WAGONS. CARTS,

etc. 85 different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our prices
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 B. Main street,
Richmond, Va.

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

B. F. SOHLICHTER

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co., South Superior, Wis.

RIFE HYDRAULIC ENGINE

Try it 30 Days Free.

I Constant water supply In your home
I or buildintrsany heightabo*
Water power does it. Keeps going

Mention the Sotjthebh Plaxteb In
writing.

550

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

Built for Business

Farqunar engines and boilers are built for bard
knocks and durability on the road as well as at
work. They have every improvement that ex-
perience has shown to be of value. For general
all •round service

FARQUHAR

ENGINES

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

Clark'i ReT. Bust Plow and Harrow

cute a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft
deep. Connects the sub-
| soil water. It is an ex
cellent machine for
(.covering in sugar cane
Strength guaranteed.
Can plow a newly eu
^ forest, stump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark'i Doable Action Cotaway
Harrow motet 15,000 Ions olCg
aarib la a day.
^ Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

-— x,,^ '7\ » Made single or double.
-T- '* \J~^*i.- One or two furrows five
<X^J^\^^ .> "sj-^to ten inches deep; 14
, Inches wide. For two or
four horses. Light draft.
No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass toolB are used
M directed in his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co.,
guarantee tbem to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other loul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,
Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

Imperial
Pulverizer,
Clod

Crusher and

Roller
Leads them

SrsThe Peterson Mfg. Co. 8ffi

WALLACE B.CRUMB,F01ESoT^E^.HN

inbreeding. Secure one in the fall so
as to be assured of his health and
vigor prior to the breeding season.

Regarding the kind of hens to se-
lect, the following advice is given:

No matter what variety of turkeys
may be selected for keeping, they
should, above all things, be strong,
vigorous, healthy, and well matured,
but not akin. Better secure the fe-
males from one locality and the male
from another to insure their non-rela-
tionship, rather than run the risk of
inbreeding. In all fowls it is well to
remember that size is influenced large-
ly by the female, and the color and
finish by the male. Securing ove.
large males to pair with small, weakly
hens is not wise policy.

A medium-sized male, with good,
fair-sized females of good constitu-
tional vigor and mature age will de,
far better than the largest with the
smallest females.

Secretary Wilson is a farmer. He
was a professor in the Iowa Agrluni
tural College, but above all, he is a
practical farmer. Still he proclaims
the absolute necessity for scientific
study and work if American farming
is to push forward and continue to be
the first industry of the nation.

"Five thousand students attend agri-
cultural colleges," he said, "but these
colleges are feeling their way in the
dark along untried paths. They are
fitting and trying, as carpenters built
barns in old times, and they will at
last forge out a sysiem, by comparing
notes, which will meet the require-
ments of producers and be entirely
new and suitable to our conditions as
a people.

"The most useful and valuable edu-
cational work in all the world, appeal-
ing to the educator, is that of the
farmers of the country. Pioneer work
along this line is waiting. The or-
ganization of faculties to do the work;
apparatus, laboratories, text books, il-
lustrative material, from primary to
postgraduate and beyoua. where stud-
ies of specialists must be combined,
where research must be broadened,
and where specialties must be grouped
to reach a desired end and meet the
pressing demands of producers, all
these are waiting. This is the great
field of applied science where the
grower seeks the help of the scholar,
of the experimenter and of the ob-
server."

With the ris? of beef prices the
American hen, both as a meat and egg
producer, becomes of prime impor-
tance. Is fowl flesh as nutritious as
that of beef? Experiments have been
made at the Paris Academy of Science
to test the nutritive value of the flesh
of fowls, as well as that of their eggs.
Chickens, ducks and geese were found
as nourishing as beef, if not of even
greater nutritive valie. Ten hen's
eggs represent in food value about a
pound of beef.

There 1b one way in which the dairy-
man is justified in putting water in his

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING

HAS BEEN TOLLY
TESTES AOT EOTTBD
SUPEEIOF. TO ALL
OTHERS.
Will fit uneven
ground without
cutting. Every part
can be stretched
perfectly. Made of

lized steel wire. All horizontal

• cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest

goultry farms .ire usine this fence — over 700 roda
y Lakewood (X. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. Y., Chicaeo, or San Francisco. Write for
free|catalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing.
CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn.•

high grade galv

WIRE • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can-
Dot be excelled. Write for catalogue and pricea.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls. 0.

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire
FENCES HUD GATES

If your dealer does not have our
goods in stock you can buy direct
at Manufacturers' Price. Write
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus, Ohio.

L^LAWN FENCE

^lYIWyyYVVlhvvvv':

Many designs. Cheap aa
wood. S2 page Catalogue
free. Special Price* to Ceme-
terl«taiidCharcfac«. Addresi
COILED SPRISG I KM B to.
BOX Q Winchester, Isd.

THE COMBINED BREAKING

-ARM FENCE

PRICE AND QUALITY
WILL PLEASE YOU—
WRITE US NOW.

•DOW WIRE WORKS- Louisville. Ky:

FENCE!

STROmC£S1

MADE. Bait

trong. Chiejtetv
tight Sold to the Farmer at Hhoteuk*
Price*. P»1It Warranted. Catalog Free,

I ft*

WUcie*ter, Loditmx, C. S. A

W!

W. H. MASON & CO., Box SO Leesburg.Ohlo.

Water Problem Solved.

The Koeer Well Drilling Machine
gets it. The farmers' friend. Es-
pecially for domestic well making.
Cheapest by half and the
most practical of any.
Best money mak-
er on the market.
Catalogue free.

. J.J. KOQERS SONS,
ttooreiburj, Teon.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

551

THE

OAKS

FOR SALE.

Being advised by my physician to
seek a drier climate on account of my
wife's health, I offer "The Oaks" for
sale; situated 1-2 mile from depot on
main line of N. & W. R. R., 1-4 mile
from corporation limits, and contains
145 1-2 acres; dwelling house has six
rooms and pantry; situated on an ele-
vation commanding a fine view of the
Peaks of Otter (12 miles), town and
surrounding country; and surrounded
by a magnificent grove of stately oaks,
about 10 acres in original growth of
large oaks. Land is gently rolling,
most of it in grass; three elegant never
failing springs, one very bold; plenty
of fruit for home use; there is also a
2-room tenant house and large barn
and corn crib. There are about 45
acres well set in Clover, Timothy, Al-
sike and Alfalfa, (about 4 acres in Al-
falfa); half of it two years old; cut
it five times last year and it now, 10th
of May, stands 12 inches, after being
frozen down 1st of April. This is
strictly Alfalfa land and there are 25
acres that will be ready to seed to Al-
falfa this summer; 40 acres seeded to
Alfalfa will be worth more than I
ask for the whole farm, as hay is now
selling here for $18.00 per ton and has
not been less than $14.00 for two years.
There are 7 acres in wheat; 16 in rye;
1 1-2 in oats; 34 in corn, and 4 in peas
and sorghum. Will sell the place as
a whole or in two tracts. Would say
to any purchaser that if he comes and
looks at the place and finds it not as
represented I will pay his railroad
fare.

B. B. Buchanan,

Bedford City, Va.

milk, that is by giving the cow all
she can drink of clean, pure water.
Cows are naturally heavy drinkers and
in many cases they get insufficient
good water, both in winter and sum-
mer, in the winter they have to drink
through a hole in the ice and consume
less than they need, while in summer
they may have access only to a nearly
stagnant pool. A good water system
both for man and beast is a highly de-
sirable thing on the farm.

The dust bath may be considered al-
most a specific against lice. The hens
will throw the dust up through their
feathers, effectively smothering these
vermin, which, having no lungs, must
breathe through apertures in their
sides.

With a little look ahead there is no
need of buying fence posts. Few and
far between are the farms upon which
cannot be found places for tree-grow-
ing for posts which will not interfere
with the farm crops. The Bureau of
Forestry highly recommends the ca-
talpa tree as a quick-growing fence-
post species. Locust makes another ex-
cellent post and is quick-growing. Care
should be taken, however, in locating
the locust wood-lot, since the roots
sucker freely and become almost im-
possible of eradication.

Raise more fruit.

GTJY E. MITCHELL.

A GOOD SHOCK BINDER.
The Fontaine Shock Binder Com-
pany, of Christie, Va., have been ad-
vertising their patent binder in the
last few issues of the Southern
Planter. From the description and
endorsements we had seen of it. we
had already been favorably impressed
with its value and usefulness. The
Company very kindly sent us a sam-
ple, and upon examination, we are free
to say that our good opinion was in-
stantly confirmed. Farmers having
corn to shock will make no mistake
in investing $1.50 for this little device.

DeLOACH PROSECUTES INFRING-
ERS.
The DeLoach Mill Mfg. Co., of At-
lanta, Ga., writes us that it has insti-
tuted proceedings against all infring-
ers on its Variable Friction Feed for
Saw Mills. Mr. A. A. DeLoach, of the
above firm, is the original patentee
and he very naturally resents other
people appropriating his brains for
their own use. The DeLoach Com-
pany has long been a patron of our ad-
vertising columns, and scores of our
readers are familiar with its saw mills
and other machinery.

A FAMOUS SHEEP DIP RECORD.
A careful record was made at the
Royal Show of England last year when
it was discovered that over 95 per
cent, of all the sheep exhibited had
been dipped in the well-known Coopei
Dip. After sixty years' use this is
truly a fact the manufacturers should
be proud of.

Northern

Virginia

Farms

Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit,
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, bal-
ance cleared; 1J miles from station.
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16. — 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house.
Fine water. Five miles from station.
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22.-225 acres. Two and one-
half miles from station. Forty acres
timber, balance cleared. Fine land.
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

No. 23. — 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 25. — 175 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass farm in Rockbridge county, 1|
miles from Buena Vista. Fine condi-
tion. Nice home. Price, $5,300.

No. 28. — 516 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass Farm, 1J miles from Buena
Vista. First class condition. Hand-
some home; all modern equipments.
Price, $16,000.

No/ 34. — 50 acres. Truck and fruit
farm, 12 miles from aWshington, near
railroad station. Excellent condition.
All improved selected fruit. Price,
$5,000.

No. 30.— 50 acre farm in Loudoun
county, 3J miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land.
Price, $7,500.

No. 35. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Excellent grain and grass
land. Modern improved buildings.
Price, $8,000.

No. 36. — 275 acre farm in Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land.
Good buildings. Refined and edu-
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April and May issue of South-
ern Planter for description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER,

HERNDON, VA.

552

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

HOMES -

FIND THEM.

No place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for th e money
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James River
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company ofler superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va.

C&OMain St. Depot Richmond, Va.

II

The best grazing section of Virginia, Bine
grass Indigenous. It you are Interested In
fruit growing or trucking, you can And no
better country In the United States.

BUT THE BEST and send for our free
Real Estate Bulletin. It will help you And It

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND
AGENCY. C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krennlng,
General Managers, Wythevllle, Va,

CASH

FOB YOUR

OR ANY REAL ESTATE.

No muter when? located. Send
description and lowest cash price.
I succeed by giving personal »t-
teotlon. Interesting and valuable
particulars FREE. Write to-
day. Bank references.
T. BROtTS, 1 14 Brvwn Law B'ld'g, Lancaster, Pa.

FOR SALE

OR

FARM on SHARES

I will sell all or one-half my dairy business,
or I will give the right man an interest in
profits to superintend same. A bargain for a
good man. Apply OAK HILL, STOCK AND
DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va.

D. & W. R'y.

... FOR SALE...

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OF
EVERY DESCRIPTION.

J6, 60, 100, BOO, 1.000 and 2,000 acre tracts,
gome of these highly Improved and conve-
Blent to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia
farm, see Hockaday & Casselman, Richmond,
Va.

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond. Va.: LAD-
RENCE CASSELMAN, Ex-Auditor McLalne
Co., N. Dakota.

Northern Virginia,

Grain. Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of

every Class within one hour of Washington, D. C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Farms a Specialty

Catalogue on application.

P. B. BUELL CEu SON.

Pveal Estate BroKers,

Merndon. Fairfax Co., Va.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE EAST TEN-
NESSEE FARMERS' CONVEN-
TION.

(Continued from last month.)
Mr. Robt. Gallagher, of Shelbynlle,
told how he renovated a wornout farm
through a judicious rotation of crops
in which the cow pea predominated
Mr. S. F. Gettys, of Sanford, also
spoke on this subject, and said on
hilly land he found broad, shallow
ditches invaluable. Mr. Gettys has
made a notable success of preventing
a hilly farm from washing and his ad-
dress was thoroughly appreciated by
the large audience.

The Preservation of Farmyard Ma-
nure was next taken up by Mr. P. F.
Kefauver, of Madisonville, who told
about his manure stable which he
called his fertilizer factory. Prof,
Chas. A. Mooers, of the Tennessee Ex-
periment Station, followed Mr. Ke-
fauver. He gave considerable atten-
tion to the construction of manure
pits and urged that greater care and
attention be given to the handling and
preservation of the manure, as at the*
present time the loss of nitrogen was
simply enormous, and as this could
be avoided with a moderate outlay,
more attention should be given to this
important subject.

The Convention offered $25 in prizes
for the best display of corn. A large
number of samples were placed on ex-
hibit and some of them were very ex-
cellent indeed. The prizes were award-
ed as follows: First, H. W. Anderson,
Limestone, on White Cob Bread; sec-
ond, R. L. Wheeler, Morristown, on
White Dent; third. J. P. Lewis, Lone
Mountain, on White; aud fourth. J.
D. Cannon, Maryviile, on Dent. Fol-
lowing this, Mr. E. S. Huffman, of
Normandy, one of the largest breed-
ers of corn in the South, spoke on his
methods of breeding and selecting
corn. Mr. Huffman has made a great
success of this work and says those
who are interested in breeding corn
should not fail to take advantage of
the course in cereal judging offered
by the University because of the defi-
nite information it gives one with
reference to the improvement of ce-
reals through selection and breeding.
Prof. Soule's address on the Con-
struction of Farm Silos was a valua-
ble one. It was illustrated by a large
number of miniature silo models. Sec-
tions of the various timbers used in
the framing were shown to the audi-
ence, and the subject was presented in
such a simple and clear manner that
any one interested should certainly be
able to build a silo. The importance
of the silo and the simplicity of con-
struction that could be followed were
points strongly emphasized.

Dr. T. W. Jordan, of the University
of Tennessee, next told of his experi-
ence in feeding silage to export cat-
tle. This was certainly an excellent
address and is evidence of the practi-
cal value of silage for the winter main-
tenance of cattle. Mr. W. D. Brow-

.•To Homeseekers**

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
will gladly mail you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt..
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If located in one of these Virginia counties:
Frince George. Chesterfield. King William,
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia.."

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi-
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL sizes
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but «T.T.
reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

$3 PFH ACRE AND UPWARDS.

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO.. Richmond, Vs.

Established 1S75.

CIUC rADMC in the great ftuit grain and
rlllC rAnlllO stork section of VIRGINIA.
Best climate and water in the C. S. Near great
markets, with best educational advantage!.
For further information I

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
3am'l B. Woods. Ires Charlottesville, Va.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Vi.

• -*-• VIRGINIA FARMS •"*••

Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good bouse
and orchard. *v>0.0 1. Blue Grass. Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER 4 fiATES.
Louisa. Va.

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND. VIRGINIA for Infor-
mation concerning lis certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Oar experience proTes this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet derived for deposits of $100.00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

JOHN B. PURCELL, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vice-Pres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT. Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOFL1X. Assistant Cashier

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

553

THE HESSLER$1 MAIL BOX

Best, Cheap-
est and Most
Durable Mail

Box on the
\market. Full
JGov eminent
fBlze and ap-
proved by Post-
master Gen-
eral. Price of
boxes, 81.00.
Brass locka
with chain, 35
cents. We make a discount on dozen lots.
■ Circulars Free, Orders Shipped Promptly.
H. B. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y.

& BLUE FLAME &

Imperial Oil Cook Stoves.

Wood and Coal Cook Stoves at Factory
prices. I am agent for all the best makes.
Price, from 38c. to $25. Everything in Hard-
ware. Sash, Doors, Blinds, Iron and Tin
Roofing. Carriage Goods. Nails, etc.

CARBON ROOF PAINT, stops leaks, guar-
anteed for five years. Price only 50c. gal.
Write us for anything you want. We have
it. HARRIS. "The Hardwareman," 409 B.
Broad street, Richmond, Va.

THE FONTAINE

SHOCK BINDER

at $1.50 delivered, is the greatest labor saver
ever offered to farmers. It keeps shocks dry
inside and prevents them falling. Endorsed
by test farms of U. S., Va., N. C, 111.
Send for circular with testimonials and di-
rections for cutting and shocking corn.
Agents Wanted. FONTAINE SHOCK BIND-
ER CO., Christie, Va.

Scarr's Fruit Preservative.

Sealed or air tight jars are not necessary in
preserving Fruits or Vegetables. Being made
from pur.e materials, this Preservative does not
impair the flavor. Absolutely harmless. If
your druggist or grocer cannot supply you,
write direct to us.

SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE CO..
Statesville, N. C.

WILL EXCHANGE . ..

Eclipse Hand Separator,

As good as new, and doing perfect work,
for a Red Poll, Shorthorn or Angus Heifer
Calf. Apply to GEO. W. BRYAN, Scotland
Neck, N. C.

MODERN CANNER FOR $25

Complete farm canning plant, including
cans, tools, etc. Write to-day. MODERN
CANNER CO., Bridgeport, Alabama.

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. f. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth. St. 00; Paper, 50c.

We offer this splendid work in connec-
tion with th-3 SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:

Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.26.

Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c.
Old or new subscriptions.

Mention the Southern Planter In
writing.

der, of Pinhook Landing, and W. H. ,
George, of Chandler, also spoke on this
subject and gave some very interesting
and instructive facts. Col. S. E. Young,
of Sweetwater, told of the value of
silage for the maintenance of the dairy
cow. He regarded it as indispensible.
Prof. John R. Fain, of the Tennessee
Experiment Station, gave a summary
of two years' results in feeding beef
cattle on silage. He showed that the
cattle had gained more than two
pounds per day throughout a period of
150 days and that these gains were
made at a surprisingly low cost.

Col. J. A. Reagan, of Sweetwater,
next followed with "My Experience
with Grasses and Clover." He gave
some very practical suggestions with
reference to this topic. Mr. P. O.
Vanatter, of the Tennessee Experi-
ment Station then discussed "Alfalfa
and Grass for Hay and Grazing." He
stated that under proper conditions
alfalfa could be grown successfully in
Tennessee, but that the land must be
thoroughly and carefully prepared.
This was the key to success.

Chattanooga, through Mr. C. W. Hol-
brook, Secretary of the Chamber of
Commerce, presented an invitation to
the Convention to meet in that city
next year. He was given a vote of
thanks and the matter was referred
to the Executive Committee with pow-
er to act. Resolutions were then
adopted asking the State Legislature j
to give the Experiment Station at
least $20,000 annually for mainte-
nance and support; approving the
farmers' institute system as conducted
by Commissioner W. W. Ogilvie;
thanking the World's Fair Commis-
sion and the railroads for the special
rates; and asking the Legislature to
give the Agricultural Department of
the University the support it deserved.
Resolution were also passed favoring
compulsory education and the estab-
lishment of chairs of veterinary sci-
ence and entomology and a poultry
department in the University of Ten-
nessee; the secretary was highly com-
plimented for his work, and the mem-
bership fee was fixed by amendment
of the constitution at $1.00 per year.
The following officers were then elect-
ed: President, W. Gettys, Athens;
Vice President for Life, O. P. Temple,
Knoxville; Secretary, Andrew M.
Soule, Knoxville; Assistant Secretary,
G. B. Wheeler, Morristown.

The Convention then adjourned to
visit the University Farm in the after-
noon. A special tra;n of street cars
was placed at the disposal of the dele-
gates by the Knoxville Traction Co.
and more than 700 reached the farm
about two o'clock. The 1,200 grass
and grain plats were visited and the
beautiful farm with its fine growing
crops was the subject of much admira-
tion and favorable comment. When
the stables were reached the stock re-
ceived its due share of attention. The
excellent dairy herd, splendid beef
cattle and Berkshire hogs were great-

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBATJLT'S

Caustic
Balsam

L. Safe Speedy and Positive Car*
The Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Takes
the place of all liniments lor mild or severe actions
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horse*
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY
OR FIRING* Impossible to product scar or bUmuL
Every hottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction
Price SI .50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or
lent by express, charges paid, with lull directions
for ita tise. Send for descriptive circulars.
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland

,thront and stomach troubles,
Strang recommends. Jl.00 pep
csiti. Healers. Mail or Ex. paid.
The \ewlon IUtik-Jj Co.,
Toledo, Ohio.

COOPER

^ SHEEP DIP

Standard of the World

for 60 years. Used on 250 millions an-
nually. One dipping kills Ticks, Lice
and Nits. No smell. Keeps flock clean a
long time. Increases growth of wool.
Dipping Tanks at cost.
Send fur Pamphlet to Chicago.
If local druggists cannot supply, send
$1.75 for $2.00 (100 gal.) pkt. to
JOHNSON & STOKES. Philadelphia, Pa.
O. A. KELLY & CO., Pittsburg, Pa.
WM. COOPER & NEPHEWS, Chicago, III.

! Save the animal— save your j
herd — cure every ca6e of 1
Lump Jaw. The disease is
fatal in time, and It spreads. Only one way 1
to cure it— use

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

No trouble— rub It on. No risk— your m<
back If it ever fails. Used for seven ycare I
by nearly all the big etockinen. Free book I
1 tells yoa more.

"i\r\d Rii\g-bor\e

Once hard to cure— easy now. A 45-min-
ute treatment does It. >o other method ]
eo easy— no other method e

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste

cures even the worst cases— n-uie too old

or tart. JI y tack If It ever tails. Fr

•uti-il hnok about Lump 3
n, Riniilnne, Splint, I
^^ and other stock ailments. Write for It. |
FLEM1NC BROS,, Chemists,
880 Union Stock Yards, Chlcueo, 111.

VIRGINIA FARMS

ill pries* and ilies. Free lurt M applloatjam.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. RiOHMONO. V».

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

554

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

Millboro Springs

College,

FOR YOUNG LADIES.

2,200 feet above sea level. Located in the
heart ot the Alleghanies. Pure spring waters.
Preparatory and College courses. Special ad-
vantages in Music, Art and Elocution. Home
care and training. Session begins Sept. 27,
1904. Terms, moderate. Address J. GRA-
HAM DAVIDSON, Milboro Springs, Bath
county, Va.

ELIZABETH COLLEGE

and Conservatory of Music
A High Grade College for Young Ladies.

Delightful climate; beautiful suburban location;
new fireproof buildings. University-trained, ex-
perienced teachers; reputation for thorough
work, good health, fine table-board. Catalog free.
Chat. B.K'ng, Pres., Charlotte,N.C.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute,

(State Agricultural and Mechanical College)

AT BLACKSBURG, VA.
A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECH-
NOLOGY.
64 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops.
Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 400
acres. Steam heating and electric lights in
dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture,
Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri-
cal Engineering, Applied Cneniistry and Gen-
eral Science. Shorter courses in Practical
Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total
cost of session of nine months, including tui-
tion, and other fees, Board, Washing, Text-
Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc.,
$222. Cost to State students,$182. Next ses-
sion begins Sept. 21, 1904. For catalogue and
other Information, apply to J. M. McBRYDE,
Ph. D., LL. D., President.

School of Accomplishments.

Music, Art, Languages.

SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER 15th.

18 Iowa Circle N. W. , Washington, D. C.

MRS. ROUTT-JOHNSON, Principal.

WARNER'S

Correspondence School

At Bradford, Pa., teaches SHORTHAND
BOOKKEEPING and PENMANSHIP by mall
Write now.

ly admired. Prof. Soule spoke on the
requirements of good beef cattle, illus-
trating his remarks with a group of
Hereford steers fed on silage for the
past six months at the Experiment
Station. These animals were almost
perfect specimens of the breed, and it
is safe to say that the object lesson
thus presented will do much towards
improving the quality of cattle kept
on the average Tennessee farm. At
the close of the stock judging demon-
strations conducted by Profs. Plumb,
Fain and Soule, the delegates were all
seated on the grass and given light
refreshments. This constitutes the
great annual social feature of the Con-
vention and it is needless to say that
it is thoroughly enjoyed. In fact, it
is hard to describe the real pleasure it
affords the delegates.

In conclusion, it is only necessary
to say that the value of the Conven-
tion cannot be estimated. It is so far
reaching in its influence by reason of
its representative nature that the ben-
efits of the information derived from
it are everywhere observable. It is
doing a wonderful work for this sec-
tion of the South, and the fervent
prayer of its hundreds of well-wishers
may be briefly summed up in "long
may it live and prosper."

Andrew M. Soule,

Term. Expt. Station. Sec'y.

Mention the Southern Planter whan
corresponding with advertisers.

CAMPAIGN BUTTON ABSOLUTELY
FREE.
You can secure free an official Re-
publican or an official Democratic cam-
paign button.
''1"'7«nT^V Tne Roosevelt
"Stand Pat"
button is now
ready. The il-
lustration is
shown here. It
is a real beau-
ty. The Dem-
ocratic button
will also be
handsome, and will be ready imme-
diately after the Democratic National
Convention. This free distribution of
buttons is characteristic of the well-
known makers of famous Zenoleum
Dip and Disinfectant. Send a postal
now. The correct address is Zenner
Disinfectant Co., 93 Bates St., Detroit,
Mich.

Do you know why your face is irri-
tated, and has a drawn, biting feeling
after shaving? Only one reason — poor
soap. Try Williams' Shaving Soap
and note the difference. The soft,
rich, thick lather makes shaving easy,
and the after effects make it a pleas-
ure. Send 2 cents for sample to the
J. B. Williams Co., Clastonbury Conn.,
and you'll agree with us after you
have tried it.

Binks — How does your new son-in-
law strike you?

Hinks — For a V usually.

Don't fool with
your face. In-
sist on Williams'
Shaving Soap.

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for 2 -cent stamp to pay poitage.

Write for booklet " How to Shave. "

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE W! D BIROS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes, Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,

718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington, D. C.

FARM WANTED TO BENT.

Wanted to rent with option of purchase a
farm of about 100 acres suitable for a Dairy and
Stock farm on the North side of the James River
within 7 miles of the City of Richmond.

Address J, SOUTHERN PLANTER OFFICE
Richmond Va.

Position Wanted as Farm Manager

by a first-class man, with practical and
educational experience in all branches.
R. S. , care Southern Planter.

EXPERIENCED FARM MANAGER

wants position (Virginia preferred) . Under-
stands handling labor improved implements.
Nine years last place. Address R., 1265 M
street, N. E., Washington, D. C.

Reliable White Man

Wanted for farm work; his wife to look
after milk, etc. ; not a dairy. Address, with
reference, S. M., Box 485, Richmond, Va.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A fire Insurance Association for farmers of
Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1899; amount Insured
January 9, 1904, $370,600; policies secured by
real and personal property, estimated value,
$1,000,000. For further Information address
CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, Chester,
Va.

GREENSBORO, N.C.

for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .ntf
ither Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustlor.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

555

SEED OATS

FOR SALE

1,200 Bushels Virginia Winter
Grey or Turf.

These oats were sown In the Fall; are^if
a very superior quality and EXTRA HEA^
Grown in Albemarle County, in the Pied-
mont section of Virginia, where the best seed
oats obtainable are produced. Samples sent
on application. Address WOODSIDE STOCK
FARM, P. O. Box 145, Charlottesville, Va.

Crimson and White Blooming German
Clover, Rape, Vetches, Alfalfa, and all
Grass, Grain and Garden Seeds. Prices
cheerfully quoted on application. Cat-
alog mailed free.

DIGGS & BEADLES. 1709 E. Franklin St..
Simples milled on request. Richmond, Va.

D

0 YOU - - ■
0 YOU WANT TO
YOU OUGHT TO
AND YOU CAN

If you will use Bacteria from Ewell Farm
enough soil to infect one acre for one dollar.

Write for circular.

Address QEO. CAMPBELL BROWN,
EWELL PARM. ... Spring Mill, Tenn.

CELERY

Plants. VERY
STOCKY.
Raised from
imported seed Bown thin in rich beds. Golden
Self Blanching, Giant Pascal ; Golden Heart,
White Plume, $1.00 per 1,000; 70c per 605.
f» i n n I r» r Plants 80c per 1.000; 86.60 per
li Ann Air 10.000; 60e per 500. Strong,
vnu unu u 8tocky .,Iantfl| Uanisn Billhead,
Sure head, Stone Mason, All Seasons, Flat Dutch.
F. W. ROCHELLE. Drawer 6. Chester, N. J.

NUT NURSERY CO.

MONTICELLO FLA.

Growers of FANCY and RARE VARTETTRR
by grafting in all of the more important
species of nuts. We have probably the
FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PECANS in
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F.
JONES, Manager.

dlnscng, Golden Seal and Seneca Snake Root.

Don't take but few square yards to pay
more dividends than a whole farm planted in
anything else. Send stamp for particulars,
prices, etc. J. L. GIBSON, Bryson City,
N. C.

GINSENG 4. RAW FURS

Wanted; full value for your goods. Write
for price lists. Address H. C. METCALF,
Alstead, N. H.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

STUFFED EGG TLANT.

Select moderate sized egg plant and
cut them half in two. Scoop out all
the seed and inside meat, leaving the
rind half inch thick. Chop the meat
fine, add to four cups of it two cups
of ripe tomatoes peeled and chopped,
one cup of bread crumbs, a small onion
chopped fine, pepper and salt to taste,
pack it all firmly into the shells and
put lumps of butter about on the top
of it put them all into a biscuit pan
which must be half full of water, and
bake very slowly for more than two
hours. You may treat cymlings (or
squash) in the same way with very
good results.

BROILED TOMATOES.

Select firm, not overly ripe, toma-
toes, and cut them in slices nearly half
an inch thick, dip each slice in meal
which is seasoned with a little salt
and pepper, and put them on a hot
griddle, turn several times, and let
them cook in all about eight minutes.
Serve at once.

POTATO AND BEET SALAD.

Boil the vegetables as if to be used
for dinner (or else save what is left
over), and let them get thoroughly
cold, then cut them into small squares;
set the dish into the ice-box till just
before serving, then pour over it and
mix well with it, by tossing the vege-
tables up with a silver fork, a dressing
made with the juice of two lemons, two
tablespoons of sugar, one teaspoon of
salt, one teaspoon of celery seed, half
teaspoon of mustard, and a small quan-
tity of black pepper. Heat these all in
a small pan over a boiling tea-kettle
and stir into it two beaten eggs, let
it thicken then take it off and add a
tablespoon of butter, and when it is
cold thin out with a small quantity oi
cream.

STUFFED RAW TOMATOES.

Try to have the tomatoes of uni-
form size, not very large, and they
must not be very ripe, but a beautiful
red. Cut off the bloom end and scoop
out the inside, leaving rather a thick
shell. Chop what you have taken out
with half as much fresh cucumber sea-
son with a little mustard, pepper, salt
and onion juice enough to give it a
flavor fill the shells with this and set
them ' on ice till ready to be served.
Garnish with lettuce leaves on curled
parsley. Serve one to each guest.

CANNED PEACHES.

Peel and cut the peaches off in as
large slices as possible, pack them into
a porcelain kettle with water coming
half way up, let them boil for ten min-
utes if they are soft, but longer if
hard Have the jars hot and fill them
from the boiling kettle, screw on the
tops at once, and see that they are
screwed very tight, and the fruit will
keep as long as you want it to.

CORN PUDDING.

Cut the corn from the cob and to a
quart add two beaten eggs, one cup of
fresh milk, one teaspoon of salt, a ta-
blespoon of sugar, and a big spoon of

Potash Fills the
Grain Sacks

Potash is a necessary nourish-
ment for grain and all other crops.
Write to-day for our valuable
books on "Fertilization" — full of
information \hatevety farmer should
possess — sent free to applicants.
GERMAN KALI WORKS

New Yorl 98 ' iiksiiu street, op

Atlanta. <.».-««'. So. Brood St.

PEDIGREED

SCOTH COLLIES

pups $5 each; grown dogs at reasonable
prices. For 25c. will send information as to
what days in"the year on which to cut brush,
briars weeds and all obnoxious growths to
permanently destroy them. SHADY BROOK
FARM R. F. D. 2, Roanoke, Va.

Edgewood Stock Farm.

SCOTCH COLLIES

A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, full
white marks. Bred strong in blood of Chris-
topher, Barwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel.
Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers.
Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to
registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLE,
Maxwelton, W. Va.

COLLIES

Four months old, by Atr ericas greatest sire, Im-
ported Ohio Hope, Ex Edgbaston Spi. Bred for
the bench ihow and to drive
SHENANDOAH VALLEY KENNELS,
Vaucluse, Va.

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. 88 to 815. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Training, 50 cents: Free If
you buy a Collie.
MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM, South Aihol.Mass.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

556

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

Angora Goats

I can furnished high bred ANGORA
GOATS during August, [September, Oc-
tober and November in Singles, Pairs,
Trios or large lots. Write for prices.

ROBERT C. BRAUER,

Successor to Brauer Cattle Co.,
Live Stock Commission Merchant

Address P.O. Box 201
Pern, Union Stock Yards, Richmond, Va.

Angora Goats

FOR SALE.

Wethers, pairs and trios;
grades, at farmer's prices.

registered and

J. H. HARPSTER,

Miliersburg, Ohio.

I profitable For large cir-
cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Cliffy. K>.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A line lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and big
BLACK SPANISH

Jacks and JenneU;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks; young stock for
sale at all times.
Write or see me be-
fore you buy. come to Kentucky if yon
want a good Jack. JOE E. WRIGHT, Junc-
tion City, Ky.

MULES for sale

1 pair bay mules. 5 years old. weight, 2.300
lbs.; 1 pair bay mules. 8 years old, weight
about 2.100 lbs. 1 iron gray, standard bred
horse, 7 years old, weight 1,250. 16 1-4 hands,
sound and good driver, good looker, will work
anywhere. Prices right. Address H. P.
LYNN. Jr., Woolsey, Va.

Bargains in SHEEP.

1 fine HAMPSHIRE BUCK; 4 fine SHROP-
SHIRE BUCKS; 180 good grade breeding
Ewes. Come and see them or write JOHN
MATHEWS, East Richmond, Va.

butter and a small quantity of black
pepper. Pour it into a pudding dish
and bake until the corn is done. If
the corn is old and dry it will be neces-
sary to put in more milk, and will be
well to score it down the middle before
cutting it off.

ICE CREAM.

One quart of fresh milk, scalded,
and thickened with a tablespoon of
cornstarch, sweetened with three cups
of sugar; to this add one quart of pure
cream and season with vanilla or bit-
ter almond and freeze quickly; this
will beat up to nearly three quarts if
you have a good freezer.

TEACAKES.

One quart of flour, two teacups of
sugar, one teacup of butter and lard
mixed, the yolks of two eggs beaten
and stirred into a cup of butter milk,
one teaspoon of soda. Make into a
dough and roll out very thin. Season
with nutmeg or powdered cinnamon.

PEACH SHORTCAKE.

Make a dough of one quart of flour,

one teaspoon of baking powder, one

cup of lard and butter mixed, and a

teaspoon of salt, enough milk to make

rather a soft dough, roll it out and

bake in your square pie pan, putting

three layers in the pan with a little

butter between. When thoroughly

( done pull the layers apart and butter

• well, spread between them soft juicy

i peaches which have been peeled and

sliced and sweetened for some hours;

pile them up again and serve with

cream.

BLAJfC MANGE.

Scald one quart of new milk, into it
put one cup of sugar with four table-
spoons of cornstarch mixed with it, a
minute later stir in two well beaten
eggs; let it cook in a double boiler
until it becomes a stiff paste then turn
it out and season with vanilla, put
into molds and set on ice till you want
to use it. It is better if kept half a
day. Serve with cream seasoned with
vanilla and preserved cherries.

Caraven.

AND

DORSETS
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTRONG, Lantz Mills. Va.

Woodland Farm

offers the best lot of October dropped
Dorset Ram lambs which
it has ever raised.

). E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg. 0.

Shropshires

8 Bucks and 50 Ewes for sale-

JOSEPH WILMER,Rapidan, Va.

FALL FENCING.
In many sections of the country old
farm fences are overhauled and new
fencing is set in the fall after corn is
laid by and harvesting is out of the
way. Any reader of the Southern
Planter who is planning work in this
line will do well to write to W. H.
Mason & Co., Box 80, Leesburg, O.,
makers of high gratfe wire fence. They
operate under very low expense and
sell correspondingly cheap. Address
carefully as above and your letter will
have prompt attention.

SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE.
This well-known powder is being ad-
vertised in this issue by its makers.
From a little pamphlet of testimonials
we have received, we learn that It is
thoroughly effective and harmless in
preserving fruits and vegetables.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We have for sale at present, some splendid

DORSET RAM LAMBS.

For prices, etc, address

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

30 PURE-BRED

SOUTHDOWN EWE

lambs for sale. Price, $15 each, October,
1904, delivery. This flock was originally pur-
chased from Henry Webb, Babraham, Eng.,
and crossed from time to time with the de-
scendants of Rams bought by John Hobart
Warren from Lord Walsingham, of England.
WM. JOHN. Linden, Va. (Mgr. Col R. H.
DULANY).

Meadow Brook
SHROPSHIRES.

For Bale; very fine one and two year old
pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very
nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

HAMPSHIRE DOWN
=SHEEP=

We have sold all of our 1 and 2 year old
Hampshire Rams, but have a GRAND LOT
OF LAMBS for next year's trade. MEADOW
BROOK FARM. J. D. THOMAS, Round Hill,
Va.

REGISTERED

SHROPSHIRE SHEEP.

8 ewes, 1 ewe lamb, 3 ram lambs, 2 year-
ling rams, 1 2 year old ram out of Imported
stock. All good size, well marked, good in-
dividuals. Prices, ewes, $12; lambs, $10; year-
ling rams, $1C; 2 year old ram, $25 f. o. b.
Barclay. Md. Entire flock at a discount.
Must sell as have no place to keep them.
H. R. GRAHAM, Chestertown, Md.

4- PURE-BRED

SHROPSHIRE! BUCft

lambs and 1 mature buck for sale, or will
trade for pure bred young ewes of same
breed. Must be first class in every particu-
lar. Dr. F. E. WILLIAMS. Charlottesville,

THOROUGH-BRED...

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
P. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle. Md.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

557
1904 1 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. .

~~ FOR SALE

The Five=Year-01d Hereford Bull LARS, JR., 85297.

One of the Creat Sires at Castalia Farm. 10 Years of
Usefulness before him. A Sure Breeder, a Tested S.re.

CALVED NOV. 24th, 1898.

LARS, JR., IS A MODEL BULL, showing .'QUALITY" as his ^^^ZTr.Xt ! oTthe^scullne
the bull had a most docile disposition, matured early, and has ; always been a ^ g Hereford markings. His

type throughout, with a fine, rich coat of Hereford red and the usual white J ce^n d ^ ^ MB

beart girth is ample, ribs well sprung, with good quarters ^\^i^cZlZuSLny champion prize win-
mature quickly. Being only five years old, and a tested sire, with a ^efcgree comb g ^ .^^

ners of international reputation, Lars, Jr., is fit to head any herd, and » » '^c^W where he has since

ment. This bull was bred by Mr. Thomas Clarke, of Beecher, III., and caivea
been developed. _rnDI ^.op. a tr FTRST AND CHAMPION PRIZE

His Sire is LARS, 50734, SECOND PRIZE YEARLING BULL a J^^^^d winning Grand Sweep-
WINNER as a two, three and Four year old at all the principal fa rs, also ^ heade th ^

stakes at the great LIVE STOCK SHOW OF AMERICA, »» Mad.son Square Garten, New ^ ^^

The dam of LARS, JR., is JUDY, 55711 (one of the breeding cows in **<^™£** any Hereford Bull living),
and excellent milker, by PEERLESS WILTON, 12774, a sire of as many prize winne rs a any ^

and the dam of Judy is JESSIE 3D, 10908, by SIR RICHARD 2D, 970a, the celebrated
especially of good breeding cows.

Thus Lars, Jr., may rightfully be expected to be a sire of good animals.

Address MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Va.

ELRTON SALE

Tuesday, September 6th/1904

Pure=bred Reg. Herefords

15 Bulls and Bull Calves. 11 Heifers and Heifer Calves. f cows

The above are by such noted sires as Beau Donald, Actor 3d, Prince Rupert, etc, an
that are the pick of several farmers' herds, and will show for themselves.

GRADE HEREFORDS

15 Cows and Heifers. 5 Heifer Calves 5 Yearling Heifers. 5 Bull CaW^ t Ae

Some of the above are almost pure bred, but not subjec to registry. We want to
latter, as we are going in for raising pure bred Herefords exclusively.

HOGS . .

Pure bred, registered Berkshires of all ages; Pigs by the noted Poyal Bachelor, of international
fame : also a number of cross bred sows, gilts and pigs.

SHEEP . 3 , ♦ »

40 choice Ewes (young), Oxford Down, Southdown and Shropshires; mostly pure bred, but not
subject to registry. HORSES

-a- -I fi„p <s«,M1p Mire and Colt 1 registered Percheron Stallion (Imported).

-«' — *^E ELKTON STOCK FARM, Forest Depot, Va.

558

THE SOTJTHEKX PLANTER.

[August,

Berkshire Hoes!

Sires in service, Rockland Majestic
of New Era ; bis sire Rockland Gen-
try , champion of America in 1903; grand
sire, Baron Lee IV, flodel Lee IX,
sire Gov. Lee, champion of America in
1889, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale.
Write for prices.

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C.

Maple

..Berkshires..

Selectly Bred. Choice individuals.
Write for prices, stating your needs.

JNO. R TUCKER,

Smyrna, Tcnn.

BERKSHIRE PIGS

£? FOR, SALE ;&

We have on our Hollybrook Farm a fine
lot of young Berkshire Pigs from S to 12
weeks old, for sale. These pigs are from
registered stock, and are first-class In every
respect. Our pigs have free range, with fine
stream of running water through the bog
pastures, and our stock is as vigorous and
healthy as possible. Price either for boar or
sow pigs, $5 each, crated and delivered on
cars, or to express office at Richmond. Ad-
dress orders to HENRY W. WOOD, Box 330,
Richmond, Va.

OUR herd represents the
very best strains of import.
ed Large English Berk-
shires. Choice stock at
reasonable prices.
Address

Cottage Grove Farm,

P. 0. Box 5. Greensboro, N, C.

BerKsKires

Best ENGLISH and AMERICAN blood.
Herd Boars: Columbus Lee VIII (brother of
Combination) ; Workman of W. (sire. Jack
of all TradeB). Stock for sale at prices YOU
CAN AFFORD TO PAY. H. W. FUGATE,
Fugate's Hill, Russell county, Va.

NO riORE BLIND HORSES.

For Specific Opthalmia, Moon Blindness, and
other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la. havea
sure cure.

CANNING TOMATOES.
For the benefit of a subscriber and
others, here is the plan I follow in put-
ting up tomatoes and out of 230 quarts
only lost five, and these on account of
defective tops. I fit the tops to the
jars just before I am ready to use
tbem, being careful to see that all tops
fit down close all around without rub-
ber on. I use good soft rubbers and
only one to a jar. Use glass jars with
screw tops. See that jars and tops are
perfectly clean. Select only ripe, firm
and perfectly sound tomatoes. Round
smooth ones peel easier. Put them in
a vessel and scald by pouring over
them boiling water. When the skins
slip easily pour off the water and peel
quickly and put them Into a preserv-
ing kettle, pour in enough hot water
to prevent sticking to bottom and
gradually bring to a boil. Set dish
pan on the stove with boiling water
about three inches deep, take top from
jar and put in pan of water, lay jar
down in water, giving it a rolling mo-
tion so water will strike it all around
at once, lessening danger of breaking.
Roll jar around until it is thoroughly
hot, pour out the water and set it up
in the pan and quickly fill, with to-
matoes from the kettle, which should
be kept at the boiling point and also
the water in the pan during the whole
process. Fill as quickly as possible,
adjust rubber and take the top out of
the pan and screw it down as tight as
possible, and set jars away upside
down to cool. When cool, examine to
see if any have leaked; if not, you can
be reasonably sure that they will ken >.
Some advise screwing tops down tight-
er after jars arf cool, but I believe
that this is a mistake. When tops are
screwed down as tight as possible
while jars and tops are hot, the rub-
ber softens and sticks tightly to jar
and top, sealing the jar. If, when
jars are cool, you will turn them up-
side down and give the top a turn, you
will notice that air will enter, causing
bubbles to pass up through the to-
matoes, which I believe to be the
cause of so many failures. Good ripe
fruit, everything perfectly clean, jars,
tops and tomatoes boiling hot when
put in and sealed, and tops screwed
down as tight as possible to prevent
air entering jar is the whole secret of
success. I canned 115 quarts in Sep-
tember, 1902, and have a few quarts
of them yet, and they are as good as
when first put up. This was my first
experience at canning and I was al-
most afraid to make an attempt, as
the editor of the Planter had a short
time before in answer to a subscriber
replied that he hesitated to advise
home canning, on account of failures
reported from receipts appearing in
previous issues.

Tomatoes can be canned and canned
to keep by following strictly the direc-
tions above. I have put up black-
berries and huckleberries the same
way and never lost any.

Mrs. K. W. Babeb.

5 BERKSHIRE

Boar Pigs, farrowed April 20th, for sale.
Sired by DANSFIELD ROLAND, out of
MANSFIELD BELLE. These pigs are extra
fine In every respect, and will be sold for $10
each f. o. b. express office. Certificate of
registration with each one. T. M. ARRA-
SMITH Greensboro. N. C.

Too Many BERKSHIRE PIGS.

Will sell limited number at priees
that will make them go Choice
YOUNG BOARS ready for service.
Brood Sows Keg. bred to King John
of Fassifern iiliS. he bv Imp. Sir
John Bull.

WILLIAMSON TALLEY,
Richmond, Va.

BERRSHIRES.

A few fine young boars and sows for sale.
Farrowed February and March, 1904. Right
age for fall breeding. From registered boar
and sows. Pure Biltmore blood. Price dur-
ing August. $10 each f. o. b. Charlottesville.
Write for further information. ROBERT
HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

and free circular.

Berkshire
C. Whites. Large
•train. All ages mated
\ aot akin, Bred sow,
Service boars, Guern-
sey calves, Scotch
Collie pups, and Poul-
try. Write for prices
P. F. HAMILTON.
Cochranrllle. Chester Co., Pa.

BERKSHIRE PIGS

for sale. Nice lot at farmers' prices.
EVERGREEN DAIRY & STOCK FARM. W.
B. GATES, Prop., Rice Depot, Va.

Hawksley Stock Farm,

has a few fine young BERKSHIRE BOARS
to sell. No more pigs until August 1st, also
a few halt bred DORSET HORNED BUCK
LAMBS. J. T. OLIVER, Prop. Allen's Level,
Va.

Essex and Poland China

pigs from 5 weekB to 4
mos. old. an extra choice
lot. Also some choice
Southdown and Hamp-
shiredown Sheep and
Lambs. For prices ad-
L. G. JONES, Tobaccovllle, N. C.

dress

FAMOUS O. I. C. SWINE.

Mortgage Lifters— the hog for profit. Excel
all others in vigor, health, strength of con-
stitution, bone and muscle. Large lltteri,
large gains, gentle dispositions, grand milk-
ers, good feeders, thrive in any climate.
Good ones. 3 months old, for sale. Reg.
Stock. Prices low for quality. MANSFIELD
FARM, W. ELLIOT HAMMOND. Goochland
C. H.. Va.

High-Class Poland Chinas

Best registered blood.
StroDg-boned, healthy
pips, either sex. 4 mos.
old, for *7.50, all eligible
to registry and first
None but good
ones shipped.

E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 559

BlLlMORB FARMS, - Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. > * *

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality
that wins in the show rin?.

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted «res and out of large and tested selected dams.ljlMany
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company."

j> * BILTMORE POULTRY'gYARDS. * j»

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last twa seasons. If you want winners vou
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED 'ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c.

Eggs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

*» 4* Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^l ^
*^* ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^ ^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / / / Staunton, Va

560

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

RED POLL CATTLE

Best for Milk. Butter and Beet.

Poland China Pigs.
Shetland Ponies.
Pure-Bred Fowls.

Arrowhead Stock Farm,

Charlottesville, Va.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also *
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

"PERFECTION"

POLAND CHINA BOAR.

Handsomest and best bred P. C. Hog In
Virginia. 14 mos. old, registered, first $30
gets him.

Llewellyn Setter Puppies and Duroc Jersey
Pigs, most fashionable breeding. THE
CEDARS P. & S. FARM, Midlothian, Va.

Poland Chinas

I have a few very choice Boar pigs for sale.
All can be registered, and are fashionably
bred. Sows all sold. J. W. HARVEY, Lind-
ward, Va.

AT FARMER'S PRICED

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. Y., 4 out of 5.
Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., I
straight. Roanoke, Va.. 8 out of 9. Akron,
la., 2 straights. Eggs, $2 per sitting. Youaf
trios, quail size, $3.

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

Piedmont Poultry Place,

"Handles nothing but the best."

We now offer Pure-bred POLAND-CHINA
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 weeks
old. Single pig S6; per pair S10: per trio. S14.
Some ready for shipment May lath. First or-
ders get best plgi.

Miss E. Callle Giles, Prop.,
Whittles Dipot, Va.

Fowls For Sale.

S. C. B. Leghorns, B. P. Rocks, S. C. Black
Mlnorcas, 76c. each. Must close out my
business at once. Miss S. M. HITER, Ellls-
vllle, Louisa Co.. Va.

AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

The movement to secure an agricul-
tural education through the public
schools of the country is steadily in-
creasing and from time to time mani-
fests itself through unusual channels.
At the recent convention of the Trav-
elers' Protective Association at Spring-
field, Illinois, addresses were made on
this subject and the Association voted
to present the matter before the Na-
tional Educational Association at its
coming annual convention at St. Louis.

The Travelers' Association passed a
comprehensive resolution setting forth
that the stability of our social and
business condition and the prevention
of recurring periods of trade depres-
sion require that the balance of our
population should be maintained on
the land as independent home owners
and producers from the soil and that
ways should be found and carried out
for placing upon the land all unem-
ployed labor and transforming every
"out-of-work" into the owner of a
home on the land from which he can at
all times get a comfortable living with
his own labor. It was set forth that
the entire American educational sys-
tem should be so remodeled as to in-
duce every child to be a lover of na-
ture and of the country and to train
him toward the land as a source of
livelihood rather than away from it;
that children should be taught to farm
as they are now taught in France and
Denmark in the public schools and
that farm training schools should be
established by county, municipal,
State and national governments.

The resolution further called atten-
tion to the great remaining public
domain in the West as by far the most
valuable asset of this nation which
will furnish an outlet for our surplus
labor during this and coming genera-
tions, urging that it be reserved for
real home builders who will farm it
in small tracts.

The Association appointed a perma-
nent Committee on Education, Irriga-
tion, Forestry and Land, with a mem-
ber from each State and territory to
carry out the idea of this resolution.

PREFERS IT TO ANY OTHER
MADE.
Waterford, Ky., April 18, 1904.
Dr. Jos. Haas, /. S.,

Indianapolis, Ind.
Dear Sir, — I have been using your
Hog Remedy for a number of years,
and prefer it to any other made. It
has saved me several hogs when my
neighbors lost theirs.
Yours truly,

HARRY COCHRANE.

THE JOKE BOX.

Cannibal King: That missionary
made an awful fuss, didn't he?

Head Chief: Terrible, sir. His strug-
gles were frightful.

Cannibal King: Well serve him as a
piece de resistance.

3 Thoroughbred Mares

FOR SALE.

VOLEE, B. M. Foaled 1891, by Volante,
winner of the American Derby, and son of
Grinstead and Sister Ann, by imp. Glenelge.
First dam imp. Lady Trappist, dam of five
winners, by Trappist; second, Vic by Al-
bert Victor; third, dam Modena by Parme-
san, etc. This mare is a winner, and has a
ch. c. Foaled May 19th by the Great Trial
winner Chiswick, by imp. Mr. Pickwick —
Alice Bruce by Fellowcraft. Price of mare
and colt, $350.

DEADLESSE. B. M. Foaled 1896, by
Montfort, son of Imp. Mortemer and Revolt,
by Lexington. First dam, Miss Grace (slater
to Diablo), by Eolus; second dam, Grace
Darling, by Jonesboro; third dam, Ninetta,
by Revenue, etc. This mare has a filly foal,
which will not be sold, so mare cannot be
delivered until early in September. Price,
$300.

DARTEE, Br. M. Foaled 1900 by Imp.
Water Lever, sire of IsonorJy and Water
Lily, by Lord Lyon. First dam, Fearnot. by
Jim Gray; second dam, FearleBS, by imp. St.
Blaise; third dam, imp. Dauntless, by Maca-
roni, etc. This mare has won races. Price,
$300.

All of these mares are fine Individuals, and
are rov&lly bred, and all have been bred, and
are believed to be in foal to the young Im-
ported horse, Aldine, by St. Simon. First
dam, Ronaldina, by Barcaldine; second dam,
Lady Ronald, by Lord Lyon; third dam,
Edith, by Newminster, etc. Address

WILLSON CHAMBERLAIN.
R. F. D 2, Charlottesville, Va.

OAK-HILL FARM- ■ ilHTi.

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-
TLE, BERKSHIRE HOGS,
— FOR SALE —

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Station on farm)

on D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Danville, Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTON,

Wenonda, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM^
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville. Va.

4 BULL CALVES

from 1 to 12 months old from Jersey cows,
by registered Holstein bull, for sale. In fine
condition, and have marks and characteris-
tics of sire. Prices, $15 to $25. Also a
HACKNEY BROOD MARE of fine qualities
at $125, and Stallion Colt, 16 mos. old. by
registered Hackney sire, of perfect form and
action, and is now nearly as tall as its dam.
Price, $150. T. P. SHELTON. Jetersvllle, Va.

ONE REGISTERED

HEREFORD BULL

calf, 10 months old for sale, or will exchange
for a heifer.

W. J. HcCANDLESS Brandy Station, Va.

LIGHT BRAHMAS.

Pure bred stock from prize winning strains.
Old and young stock for sale. Hens, $1.50;
roosters, $2.50; pullets, $1; cockerels, $2.00.
J. H. FRASER, Cartersville, Va. (Cumber-
land county).

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

561

COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

FOR SALE LOW

7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS
BULLS AND HEIFERS from
6 months to 2 years old. One
bull calf half Angus and half
Short-horn. Fine Buck Lambs
out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg.
Dorset Buck. Fine family milk
cows fresh young and gentle.
One pair splendid 1200 lbs.
Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class
all round farm teams and very
good roadsters. Silver Lace
Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul-
lets at one dollar each. ^

W. M.WATKINS& SONS' Sue, Va.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS Bull Calves.

I offer for sale two pure bred bulls of the
above breed, born Dec. 15, and Jan. 30 re-
spectively, sired by my registered bull,
ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR, No. 40364, and out
•t pure bred but unregistered cows. The
Dec. 15 calf Is full brother to one sold last
season to Mr. Beard, of Moffatts Creek, Au-
gusta county. The other Is out of my larg-
est cow and very promising. These calves
will be kept with their dams until nine
months old. $50 each.

I have also a fine registered bull calf that
will be ready for delivery In February. $100.
No females sold.

B. P. DAT, Glasgow, Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANQUS
CATTLE.

FOE SALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months old , up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

ROSEDALE HERD

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

Choice bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence invited.
ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffersonton, Va.

ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE.

(Registered and gradeB, of all aget
land sexes, and of champion blood
Ifor the beef and milk strains and
lat moderate prices Also Nursery
Istock of all descriptions.
MYER & SON, Bridgevllle, Delaware.

REGISTERED

Guernsey Bull

2 1-2 years old for sale, to avoid inbreeding.
For further particulars, call on or write me
at 1534 E. Main street, Richmond, Va. C M.
BERGH.

THE LITERARY TALENT OP
RICHMOND.

MARY WASHINGTON EARLY.

Article No. 2.

Amongst the native authors in
whom Richmond may justly take pride
I may mention John R. Thompson,
who was born in that city in October,
1823. He received his earlier educa-
tion at East Haven, Conn., but took
a later course at the University of
Virginia, where he graduated in his
22d year. He also returned there two
years later and took the degree of
bachelor of law. During the ensuing
fifteen years, he was editor of the
"Southern Literary Messenger," and
wrote a series of able and discriminat-
ing reviews, book notices and essays on
literary subjects. During this period,
he produced several poems on special
occasions, and essays in verse which
were delivered in public. Amongst
these, I may mention his fine ode on
the inauguration of the equestrian
statue of Washington, at Richmond,
February 22, 1858.

He also wrote numerous lyrics and
other short poems and contributed
largely to several leading periodicals,
both North and South. His poetry was
distinguished for polish and correct
taste, and more than this, it shows
vitality of feeling. His best known
and most admired poem, I believe, iss
"The Battle Rainbow," written just
after the seven days battle around
Richmond and founded on the circum-
stance that on the eve preceding "this
long week of glory and agony," a vio-
lent storm took place, succeeded by a
magnificent rainbow which overspread
the eastern sky, seeming to define the
position of the Confederate army as
viewed from the Capitol in Richmond.
But, alas for us! This good omen
proved as illusory as the fabled bag
of gold tied at the end of the rain-
bow.

In addition to his poetical gifts,
Thompson also possessed an immense
fund of learning, an* this he drew on
freely, both in his writings and his
lectures, though there was no pedantry
about him. He had the combination
of gifts that make a fine lecturer, and
made himself a high reputation in this
field. I remember well hearing him
deliver a deeply interesting lecture,
during nie war, on Edgar Poe, a sub-
ject he was especially well fitted to
treat of, both from his personal inti-
macy with the illustrious poet, and
from his fine powers of discernment
and discrimination.

John R. Thompson's talents and
scholarship were (I believe) even
more highly appreciated in England
than in this country. He was travel-
ing abroad to recruit his health when
the culmination of the civil war ar-
rived, and he remained a year or two
thereafter in London, connected with
the London Herald, and a contributor
to Blackwood and the Cornhill Maga-
zine. During the civil war, he was
the correspondent of "The Index," the

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

SHORTHORN

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOGE, Hamilton, Va.

REG. SHORT HORN BULL

FOR SALE

Solid Red, white tip on switch, calved Octo-
ber. 1901. Very handsome, large and thrifty.
Milking family. Immune and acclimated to
Southside Virginia. Price, $100. Address W.
F. STEPHENS, Bracey, Va.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 158648, 1st prize aged bull at Radford Fair,
young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence invited.

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

SHORT HORN BULLS

for sale, from 3 to
20 mos. old; sired by VERBENA'S CHAMP-
ION, No. 129381. and ROYAL CHIEF, No.
185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring
pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible
to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers.

WM, T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

=The Woodside^=I

Jersey Herd.

Bull Calves and Yearlings
Richly Bred.

DAVID ROBERTS, = = Moorestown, N. J.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Hat for sale a large num-
ber of nice young regis-
tered A. J. C. C.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $25;
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop." Battleboro. N. C.

A FINE

Jersey Bull

for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1
yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled
to registry. 1 DORSET HORNED BDCK
LAMB. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm.
Manassas, Va.

562

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

Confederate organ published in Lon-
don.

On his return to this eountry he set-
tled in New York, and engaged on
the staff of "The Evening Post."

While Richmond has lately shown
such honor to the memory of her
adopted son, the distinguished Dr.
Hunter McGuire. I hope the day is
not far distant when she will be mind-
ful of the claims of the gifted John
R. Thompson, and erect to his memory
a statue or a shaft, doing homage to
his talents, his scholarship and his
high character.

Speaking of John Thompson re-
minds me of a Richmond poetess, Mis&
Susan Archer Talley, and one of more
than ordinary ability. Although born
in Hanover county, Va., she was only
8 years old when her father moved to
Richmond, and there she grew up, and
was educated. She lost her hearing
early in life, but this did not seem to
interfere with her mental develop-
ment. At thirteen, she commenced
writing poetry, and at sixteen, some of
her poems were published in the
"Southern Literary Messenger," to
which journal she contributed for sev-
eral years. The critics dealt kindly
with Miss Talley. Griswold gave hei
unqualified praise, and Poe ranked her
high, giving imagination as her dis-
tinctive characteristic. In 1859, she
published a volume of poems in New
York. The chief poem in the book,
"Ennerslie," gives the reader a distinct
reminder of "The Lady of Shalott."
There is a noary tower, grim and high,
a river gliding by, a lady fair, and
pale young Lord Ennerslie, all pro-
ducing an atmosphere resembling that
of "many towered Camelot." Next to
"Ennerslie," I believe her most ad-
mired poems are "Madonna," "Clois-
tered," "Guy of Mayne," "Rest," and
"Autumn Rain." She sometimes also
writes very good short stories in prose.
Her married name is Mrs. Von Weiss,
she having married a German.

The present generation of Richmond
authors does great credit to that city.
Miss Ellen Glasgow and Mr. James
Branch Cabell are, I believe, the most
prominent of the young authors of
Richmond, although Mrs. Charles G.
Bosher, of that city, author of "Bobby"
and "When Love is Love," is also com-
ing to the front. Miss Glasgow has
made her mark as a novelist, while
Mr. Cabell's specialty lies in charming
little romances laid in medieval times.
These are somewhat in the vein of
Anthony Hope, and do not fall short
of that writer. Scattered through these
tales we find delightful little lyrics
(as, for instance. "The Castle of Con-
tent,") which prove the existence of
a vein of poetry in Mr. Cabell. His
aunt, Mrs. Isa Cabeu, for many years
a resident of Richmond, though now
of Norfolk, is also a person of literary
talent, and has written quite exten-
sively for publication.

Mrs. Burton Harrison, though not a
native of Richmond, was very much

SPRING LITTERS.

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given
time than anv other breed.

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our
great JERSEY COWS.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.
Keg;. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje

and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter

fat. Stock of all ages for sale.

Reg. BERKSHIRES

From noted strains ; Imported Headlight, Lord
- Hishc.'ere and Sunrise.

DORSET SHEEP^

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS,

N. & W. and Southern R. R.

T. O. SANDY, Burkevillc, Va.

...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers...

FOR SALE

Berkshire sows due to farrow in April and May, several boars large enough for
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin.

EGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Rock
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier
puppies by imported Rozanne.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southein PLAjrrr*.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

563

To Stock Raisers and Dealers.

I can furnish you on short notice with any number of

Stock or Breeding Ewes.

REASONABLE TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE PARTIES.

Breeding ewes from $2.50 each for a plain class, up to $4.50 each for a fancy, high bred
black faced class. Can sell a good, strong, young, serviceable class of Ewes at $3 to $3.50 each.
I will have during August and September a grand lot of STOCK RAMS, from $7 to $15 each]
according to age, breeding and quality ; a few fancy yearling Shropshires at $20 each.

Write me what you want either in stock sheep or stock and feeding cattle. I can fill
your order, and will please you.

Cattle, Sheep, Lambs, Calves and Hogs Sold on Commission.
HIGHEST MARKET VALUES GUARANTEED.

Accurate weekly quotations. All consignments receive mv strict personal attention.

ROBERT C. BRAUER, JSS3.V Richmond, Va.

identified with that city in her youth,
having received her education there,
and lived there during the war.

Richmond has at least a half claim
to Amelie Rives, she having been born
in that city in August, 1863, and her
mother (Miss Sarah McMurdo) having
been a native and resident of the place.
Amelie Rives is undoubtedly a writer
of great versatility, and of tropically
rich gifts. She has not only made her
mark as a novelist and writer of short
stories, but she has also a rich vein of
talent as a poet and a dramatist.

Amongst the literati, who though not
native to Richmond, have taken up
their residence there and identified
themselves with the place and people,
I might mention Captain W. Gordon
McCabe, one of the prominent educa-
tors of the South — a man of high schol-
arship and marked literary talent.

THE FINEST HEREFORD BULL IN
VIRGINIA.
In this issue 'will be found an ad-
vertisement offering Lars, Jr., the
finest Hereford bull in the State for
sale. He is not only royally bred, but
has been developed with the best of
care and attention in the celebrated
herd of Mr. Murray Boocock. He is in
the prime of life and good for many
years' service. We should not like to
see this bull go out of the State, and
would urge some of our enterprising
breeders to avail themselves of the
opportunit}' of securing him. He can-
not fail to be a most profitable invest-
ment. Look up the advertisement and
attend to the matter at once, as there
are certain to be many parties after
him.

JUST SO.
"In some respects rats are much
wiser than human beings. They — "
Really he did not look it; but then,
you know, you can never tell when
some people are loaded; " — always
gnaw a good thing when they see it." —
August Woman's Home Companion.

Mrs. Auger — I can't see why my hus-
band should be jealous of me.

Her Friend — No one can, my dear.

Glen Farm

Importer and Breeder of

Polled Durham Cattle

Southdown Sheep
and Poland China Hogs.

Polled r>urhams are Short-
horns with the horns bred
off. They are all either red
or roan. Buy a polled Dur-
ham and lay aside the
bloody dehorner.

JOHN S. FUNK.

Singers Glen,

Rochingham Co.,Va.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle

has been reinforced for sa'e bv the WILLOW OAKS HERD (property of
Mr. T. B. Fitzgerald, former President ot Riverside Cotton Mihs, Danville, Va).
This herd was founded in 1902 by the purchase of a car load of the best females
money would buy in Central Illinois. One of our customers writes as follows :

Union, 8. C, June 4, 1904.
Dear French,— I have been at my farm and have taken Beveral good looks at the two heifers.
They are beauties, especially Miss stubbs 2nd, and I am proud of them. Enclosed is my check for
$00 in payment for them. The bull, Carolina's Gay Lad, that you s«nt me last fall iB one of the
finest looking fellows I ever saw— is a daisy. Very truly, W. K. WALKER.

Mr. Walker owns the largest herd of Angus in South Carolina. We make it a
point to furnish the above-described sort of cattle. Write for circular and prices to

Station, Fitzgerald, N. C, on P. & W. Railwf

A. L. FRENCH, Byrdville, Va.

7, 24 miles from Danville.

HIGHLAND STOCK FARM,
'* PURE-BRED STOCK A SPECIALTY.

2 SPECIAL PRICES for this month on

Shorthorn Cattle,

| POLAND CHINA PIGS,

i SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS. & &

s

* All Stock Recorded. ... Write for Prices.

v HENRY S. BOWEN.

v Witten's Mills, Tazewell Co., Va.

564

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

MAGAZINES.

The August Century is in fact as
well as in name a Midsummer Holiday
Number, being pervaded with the holi
day and outdoor spirit. Eight colored
insets present Italian villas by Parrish,
Bermuda submarine life by Knight, an
old-time croquet party by Miss Betts
(who made the much-admired color
drawing, "The Easter Bonnet"), and a
newly discovered natural bridge by
Fenn.

The last of these illustrates a great
"find," being one of three pictures of
colossal natural bridges accompanying
an account by W. W. Dyar of a recent
discovery in Southeastern Utah, which
has excited a veritable sensation
among the few geographers and others
to whom it has been known. These
bridges are of much greater propor-
tions than the Natural Bridge of Vir-
ginia, and they have not before been
pictured nor described in print.

Castaigne, whose pictures of Uie
Chicago, Paris and Buffalo Expositions
appeared in The Century, contributes
a group of drawings of the Louisiana
Purchase in his usual vivid and pic-
turesque style.

"Summer Splendors of the Chinese
Court" is an illustrated personal nar-
rative, by Minnie Norton Wood, of a
reception by the Empress Dowager at
the summer palace near Peking — the
summer function of the sort to which
foreigners have been admitted.

The number is crowded with holi-
day features: "The New Coney Is-
land." by Albert Bigelow Paine, with
drawings by Yohn; "Visiting in Coun-
try Houses," by Eliot Gregory, with
drawings by Charlotte Harding; "The
Old and Novel Sport of Archery." by
A. B. Casselman, apropos of the Olym-
pic Games at St. Louis, illustrated;
"Lombard Villas." by Edith Wharton,
with Parrish's pictures; "What Do
Animals Know?" by John Burroughs.
Six or seven poems add further to the
seasonable character of the number.
There is also a continuation of Andrew
D. White's anecdotal recollections of
"Russia in War Time," and a repro-
duction of Volk's handsome painting,
"The Belle of the Colony."

Commencement of a promising new
serial and the conclusion of B. L. Far-
jeon's quaintly entertaining "A Com-
edy in Wax" mark the August St. Nich-
olas. The new story, which will run
till November, is "Elinor Arden, Roy-
alist," from the pen of Mary Constance
Du Bois, and is said to be based upon
an actual historical incident. The tale
deals with a dear little maid and her
stirring adventures in the time of the
Cavaliers and Roundheads, and has
many illustrations by Benda. The
number, too, has the second install-
ment of the unique Japanese serial,
"Kibim Daizin. or From Shark-Boy to
Merchant Prince." by the Japanese
writer. Gensai Murai. There is an-
other good story of 'varsity life and
baseball. "The Out-Curve," by Leslie
W. Quirk, who has written before, and

Large English Berkshires.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville,Va.

SHIRE PIGS

now ready for shipment ; 10 to 12 weeks
old, from directly imported sows or from
sows of imported blood on both sides '.
sired bv mv 4 UNSURPASSED HERD
HEADER BOARS from N. Benjafield,
C. Collins Smith, James Lawrence and
R. \V. Hudson all of England. BRED
SOWS, GILTS and ready-for-service
BOARS. Prices as low or lower than
those of any other STANDARD breeders, novices not reckoned.

THOS. S. WHITE Fassif em: Stock Farm, LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA.

Duntreath

' "Bred-in-lhe- 1*urple.

-The
Very "Best?—

The whole story in
three luords !

Berkshires..

Extra Choice Young Stock now ready for Shipment.
Large number of Litters of the best English and Ameri-
can breeding. MONEY CANNOT BUY BETTER!

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

pos

itively guarantee to breed
lip the VERY BEST strains of

and ship

thoroughbred registered LARGE

ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered. Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor •< the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreiton.

Reg. Poland Chinas and English Berkshires

FROM THE VERY BEST STRAIN.-.

V & Barred and Buff Plymouth Rocks. # V»
Homer Pigeons and Pedigreed Belgians Hares.

I breed nothing but the best and guarantee satisfaction or
your Money refunded. C. M. REAVES, Mullixs, S. C.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO.,

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.

Write for Free Catalogue.

(inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEK.

565

ANNEFIELD FARMS

BERKSHIRES ^ HEREFORDS

PLACE ORDERS NOW FOR SPRING PIGS

and get choice selections. A few Fall pigs at a bargain
if sold at once. Prices reasonable. •& ■& ■*> ■& ■& ■&

EDWARD G. BUTLER.

Briggs, Clarke Co., Virginia.

always acceptably, for the boys who
read St. Nicholas. "Stories of my
Pets," Don the bullfinch, Dick the cat,
and Lady, a fine saddle horse, recounts
Interesting anecdotes of Helen Har-
court's pets; and F. E. Hawson. tells
about "When the Birds Were Our
Guests." a true and charming inci-
dent. Not stories, but as Interesting
as fiction, are W. J. Henderson's "A
Naval Boat Drill" and Charlotte C.
Parsons' "A Summer Day at Inns-
bruck."

A cousin of the President's, Maude
Roosevelt, is, in the matter of strenu-
ousness, evidently a disciple of her
distinguished relative. She contrib-
utes to the August Lippincott's Maga-
zine the leading novelette, entitled "So-
cial Logic." This is naughty enough
to engross without being naughty
enough to repel. It is a tale of gay
New York and gayer Paris as it fol-
lows the fortunes of two attractive
girls of good family, but small means,
who drift together in a boarding house.
In device and characterization Miss
Roosevelt shows equal facility and
feeling. She is at present finishing
her studies for Grand Opera under
Marchesi at Paris, and not very long
ago her name appeared in the James
K. Hackett theatre company touring in
America. Such is her versatility!
The short stories of the month appeal
both for their variety and liveliness.
An especially clever and timely tale
by Eleanor A. Hallowell is called "Old
Home Week in Bohemia." It makes
the reader wish he could have been
one of the rollicking reunion. Seu-
mas MacManus. sans dialect, is pre-
eminently fine. His story, "The Sacri-
fice of Nabla," which is a brilliant ex-
ample of this style, excels in power
and pathos. Vincent Harper, a Ca
nadian writer, contributes a sprightly
summer story of Bar Harbor doings
under the title of "Appendix B." It
contains an ingenious hit at the pre-
vailing "appendicitis habit." A little
story by Emanuel- Lissner called "A
Piute Tragedy — or Comedy" shows
well-concentrated artistic quality. The
"summer widowers" and their invisi-
ble wives should not fail to read Mary
Moss' acute tale called "Marooned."
It might be labelled "Cure for Heart
ache — if taken in time." The Baroness
von Hutten's third appearance in

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hoes

REGISTERED— ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Harylandf

R0SEM0NT HEREFORDS.

^i^Alls ACROBAT 68460,

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome.

Come and inspect the Dest herd in the South
ROSEHONT FARM. Berry ville, Clarke Co., Va. ^^

HEREFORD CATTLE.

MURRAY B00C0CK

KESWICK, VA.

GLENBURN
FARM

BERKSHIRES

This herd Is composed of four royally bred,
imported sows, and an imported boar from
the celebrated herds of Mr. Flicker and Mr.
Hudson, England, and selected American
bred animals from Biltmore and other noted
herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK. Importer and
Breeder, Roanoke. Va.

THE. - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN, Jr.. Treasurer State of
Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va.

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS of

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

for less money than anv firm In the South, qual-
ity considered. Every pig shipped possesses
individual merit Pedigree furnished with all
stock. Kill or sell your scrubs and buy hogs
that will pay. For prices and description address
ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr.,Leilogtoo, V«.

Mike — Are ye much hurted, Pat? Do
ye want a docthor

Pat — A docthor, ye fule! Afther
bein' runned over by a trolley car?
Phwat oi want is a lawyer.

WANTED,

A mahogany, carved Post Tester Bed. Ad-
dress, with price, "M.," Box 485. Richmond,

566

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

"Lady Moyle" stories is this time
"About Isabel Ganning." She uses the
spice-box with a free hand.

The August Woman's Home Compan-
ion contains features for everybody.
"The Wonders of Modern Bridge-
Building" is a popular article that
reads like fiction. "House-Boating on
Lake St. Clair" is a vacation feature.
In "Which is the Beautiful Sex?"
Henry T. Finck advances the theory
that men are more beautiful than wo-
men. Edward A. Steiner, Tolstoi's
biographer, tells of a pilgrimage to his
home. The Rev. Francis E. Clark.
D. D.. writes of Christian Endeavor.
The fiction is not second in promi-
nence to feature. There are short
stories by Mrs. Spofford, Agnes L. Pro
vost, Bert Taylor and Emery Pottle.
Published by The Crowell Publishing
Company. Springfield, Ohio; one dollar
a year; ten cents a copy.

THE PARCELS POST.
Editor Southern Planter:

Knowing that the Southern Planter
has the welfare of the farmers at
heart, let me make a suggestion, which
please take for what it is worth.

It is needless for me to remind you
of the many benefits that a parcels
post would confer on the farmers of
our country, and if the farmers
only urge it on their Repfesentatives
in Congress such legislation would be
quickly enacted, but, as you know, that
the farmers as a rule are averse to
letter writing, therefore I offer as a
suggestion for your consideration that
you print each month a properly word-
ed petition, with blank space for farm-
ers' name and address, and urge your
readers to fill out and send to their
representatives. By this means I be-
lieve that thousands of your readers
would let their wishes in this matter
be known to their Congressmen, who
otherwise would not take the time and
trouble to write them a letter. This
Is worth working for, and let us all
pull together and we will get it.

R. F. Fleshman.

We heartily commend this subject
to the attention of our readers. Write
your Senator and Congressman on the
subject, or cut out and send the follow-
ing request to them:

To the Hon.

Please support with your vote and
interest any bill introduced In Con-
gress to put into operation a Parcels
Post throughout the country.

Name

Address.

SHALLOW.

Yaleton — "Did you read my article
on the Hudson River, Professor?"

Professor Flippe — "Well, I just
■waded through it — it wasn't very deep,
you know." — August Woman's Home
Companion.

PERFECTION AT LAST

ECLIPSE FRUIT-PICKER

PATENTED. Will not bruise. Buy one and save
your finest and high-price fruit that hangs where
you can't get It in good condition without one of
these pickers You will never rue the bargin.
REMEMBER the first time vou go to the Hardware
Store, ask for the ECLIPSE FRUIT-PICKER, and
no other make. If they don't have or get tnem for
you, send 2o cents for one by mail postage paid
(iuaranteed the best, or money refund' d Testi-
monials furnished. Order to day.

D. B. ROCK, Patentee and SoleManufaclnrer,
P. O. Box 112, Fairfield, Adams County, Pa.

TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA

Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice
POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15.
J. C GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

CHESTER WHITES

Registered Herd— First Premium stock; largest and
most prolific hog on rscord: 8 Sows 41 Pigs: breeding
Stock 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeders and quickly
developed. S..ws, Boare and Pigs for sale. Mv time
to this breed exclusively. Only strictly first class
stock shipped.

P. H. FCNKHOUSER, Winchester, Va.

Reference: Farmers and Merchants National Bank,

Winchester, Va.

We Are Still in the Business.

"HILL TOP" Stock at Shad well, Va.

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for
sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock.

SovitHdown and SKropsKire Sheep, BerKsHire Hogs
and B. B. R. Game ChicKens.

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we have a few left ; will have a fine
lot ready to ship by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old friends and
are always glad to make new ones.

We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County Fairs
than all other breeders in "Virginia combined.

H. A.S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va.

"H0G0L0GY"

I want every swine raiser to possess a
copy of this book, and will send it FREE
to all who mention the Southern Planter
when asking for it. The advice and in-
formation given is practical and complete,
and is the result of nearly thirty years'
study as a swine specialist and veterina-
rian. Send for it to-day. it will be worth
many dollars to you, and you do not
obligate yourself in any way to me by
asking for it.

MY BOOK
ABOUT HOG
RAISING,

FREE

TRADE MARK.

CASH FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE.

Full particulars of my insurance proposition, whereby I pay for all hogs that die
when my remedy is fed as a preventive, are given in "Hogology." This great remedy
has stood the severest tests for more than twenty-eight years, and has proved itself
the peer of all preparations for hogs. Prices, 25-lb. can, $12.50; 12^-lb, can, $6.50, pre-
paid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25 and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on
package or can label.

JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

■'«'.S.^^-.'E.^*^S.^^«.VBT,«.«.«.«.1A1 '.».* *«■***<■**«■■**:

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

667

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

—UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE
"THE MASTER WORKMAN."

A two-cylinder gasoline engine sop-

erior to all one-cylinder engines.
i any litrht wagon us a portable <

jrtth ■

CHICAGO. ILL. Thisi

j 50tli year.

REPORTS.
TJnited States Department of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. C. Bureau
of Chemistry. Circular No. 14.
Organization of the Bureau of
Chemistry.
Bureau of Chemistry, Circular 15.

Results of Borax Experiments.
Division of Foreign Markets, Bulle-
tin 34. Agricultural Exports of
the United States, 1852-1902.
Bureau of Forestry, Bulletin 48. The

Forests of the Hawaiian Islands.
Bureau of Plant Industry, Bulletin

63. Investigation of Rusts.
Office of Public Road Inquiries, Bul-
letin 37. The Railroads and the
Wagon Roads.
Progress of Road Building in the

Middle West.
Building Sand-Clay Roads in South-
ern States.
Bureau of Statistics, Bulletin 27.
Wheat Production and Farm Life
in Argentina.
Farmers' Bulletin, 198. Strawber

ries.
Farmers' Bulletin, 199. Corn Grow

ing.
Farmers' Bulletin, 200. Turkeys.
Farmers' Bulletin. 201. The Cream

Separator on Western Farms.
A Model Farm.
Arizona Experiment Station, Tuczon,
Ariz. Bulletin 48. The Relation
of Weather to Crops.
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, I
N. Y. Bulletin 220. Skimmed,
Milk for Pigs.
Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton
Rouge, La. Bulletin 77, second
series. Rice.
Maryland Agricultural College. College
Park, Md. College Quarterly.
Analyses of Commercial Feeding
Stuffs.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agri-
cultural College, Mich. Bulletins
213-214. Small Fruits for 1904.
Tomatoes and Potatoes.
Special Bulletin 26. Report of the
Upper Peninsula Sub-Station, 1903.
Special Bulletin 27. Report of South
Haven Sub-station, 1903.
New York Experiment Station, Geneva,
N. Y. Bulletin 245. The Chemis-
try of Cottage Cheese.
Bulletin 249. A Pea Canner's Prob-
lem Solved.
Ohio Experiment Station. Wooster, O.
Bulletin 146. Varieties of Straw-
berries and Raspberries.
Bulletin 146. Peach Diseases. III.
Ohio — Columbus Horticultural Society,
Columbus, O. Journal, June, 1904.
Ontario. Canada. Eighth Annual Re-
port of the Commissioner of High-
ways. Ontario. 1903.
Pennsylvania Experiment Station,

WE supply -:-

ALFALFA BACTERIA

in the shape of

INFECTED SOIL

from an old two acre Alfalfa plot which has given us 3 or 4 good
cuttings yearly for the past five years, and is still doing well.
Price, $1.00 per bag (in 4 bag lots) of about 100 lbs. ; more than
4 bags, 75 cents each ; f. o. b. Midlothian.

J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

STOCK MEN, LOOK HERE!

Do you know you can save 20 to 25 per cent, on cost of
your STOCK DIPS and DISENFECTANTS by using MINOR'S
FLUID ? It is sold under a strict guarantee to be the equal in
strength and effectiveness of any clip on the market .

NON-POISONOUS.— Used at BILTMORE FARMS, at
MAPLEWOOD— the birthplace of the $5,000 champion Hereford
cow "Dolly 5", and by thousands of others. Write for circulars
and prices to

A. L. FRENCH, Southern Agt , Byrdvilie, Va., Prop, the Sunny
Home Herd, of Angus Cattle.

THE IfcTIETTv'- Er^TO-ISTE

Made by CHARTER GAS ENGINE CO.

and 3 Hor9e Power Horizontal Type with Water or Oil cooled Cylinder, Pumping attach-
ment. either Electric Igniter or Mot Tube Igniter or both.

SYDNOR PUMP &. WELL CO.,
Write for Cotalogue. Box 949, Richmond, Va.

568

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August.

State College, Pa. Bulletin 67.
Variety Tests of Wheat.

South Carolina Experiment Station,
Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin
88. Sorghum as a Syrup Plant.
Bulletin 89. Sanitary Conditions in
the Home and on the Farm.

South Dakota Experiment Station,
Brookings, S. Dak. Bulletin 83.
Millet for Fattening Swine.
Bulletin 86. Fattening Range
Lambs.

Virginia Department of Agriculture,
Richmond, Va. Quarterly Bulle-
tin, May, 1904. Analysis of Fer-
tilizers.

Virginia Weather Service, Richmond,
Va. Report for June, 1904.

Imperial Department of Agriculture
for West Indies, Barbadoes, W. I.
Manurial Experiments with Sugar
Cane.

GETTING RID OF HOUSEHOLD
PESTS.

Rats and Mice-^-Peppermint sprigs
laid around shelves and places these
pests frequent will drive them away.
Chloride of lime sprinkled about is
also effective.

Ants and Roaches — Powdered borax
scattered in their haunts is a "sure
cure." One teaspoonful of tartar
emetic mixed with one teaspoonful of
sugar, and put where ants are trouble-
some, will drive them away in a day.

Fleas — These may be driven away
by scattering either lime or cayenne
pepper in the places which they fre-
quent. Oil of pennyroyal is also good.

Moths — These may be prevented by
the use of moth-balls, or bags made of
crushed lavender and lemon-verbena
with clover and other pungent spice.
Powdered borax, camphor and cedar
dust are all effective.

Flies and Mosquitoes— The best
preventive is tight screens and con-
stant vigilance. Mosquitoes dislike
lavender and green walnut. Fly paper
is made as follows: Take equal parts
of melted resin and castor oil, and
spread while warm on strong, thick
paper. Or use four ounces of quassia
chips boiled in one pint of water.
When cold strain, then add water to
make one pint, and two ounces of
alcohol. Sweeten with sugar, and
pour in saucers.

Bedbugs — Use turpentine, corrosive
sublimate, etc., but the surest method
is to fumigate with sulphur. — August
Woman's Home Companion.

5t Hlbans
Scbool

Situated on a

Sunny Headland

above the

Banks ok New River,

in thb

Blue Grass Region

of Virginia

Prepares Boys

FOR UNIVERSITY OR
FOR BUSINESS-^^^^

SEND FOR ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS
PUBLISHED "PLAN OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL."

Address, W. H. RANDOLPH,

Head Master,

Radfobd, - - - Virginia.

Broad & 9th) Sts., RICHMOND, VA

Commercial. Stenographic. Telegraphic aod Eng. Depts. Ladles & gentlerrjen. No vacations.
"It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River." '--Phila. Stenographer.
"When I reached Rlchrnood, I Inquired of several business n)en for the best Business College
In the city, and, without exception, they all recommended Smlthdeal's as the best "--w.
£. Ross, Law Stenographer, Richmond. Bookkeeping. Shorthand, Writing, taught by mall.

HIS. INQUIRY.

"The wife of that feller that just
sung the sailor song," whispered the
landlord of the Pruntytown tavern to
the drummer who had accompanied
him to the home talent entertainment
in the village theatre, "is suing him
for divorce."

"That so?" was the reply. "Has she
any other grievance besides his sing-
ing?"— August Woman's Home Com-
panion.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

CAPITAL, - $200,000.00.

SURPLUS, - $300,000.00.

UNDIVIDED PROFITS, - $361,000.00.

Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we

after superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited.

JNO. P. BRANCH, Pres. JNO. K. BRANCH, Vioe-PreB. JOHN F. GLENN, Ca«h

Assistant Cashiers; J. R. PERDUE, THOS. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE.

A Washing Machine is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer

The Majestic Rotary Washer

has too many good points for explanation in an
advertisement. Yourname on a postal card will
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our
six different machines and how to get them. One
of them will certainly please you. All are made
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk In
grooves — our patent. Being the largest manufac-
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make
better machines for the money than any one else.
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of
ours.

THE RICHMOND CEDAR; WORKS, Richmond, Va.

3 904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE.

569

IMPROVING RURAL DELIVERY.

Only within a few years have some
of us heard of Rural delivery the first
time. Now it is in operation all over
the country, and people are heard to
say: "Why did we not have it long
ago? We could not do without it."

Great as is the blessing of rural de-
livery, yet it could be improved. When
it was first introduced we were told
that each mail box would be a private
post-office, and this is the idea exactly.
Why cannot every mail box be num-
bered and a number be placed there-
on, just as the boxes are numbered in
a postoffice. The only reason it has
not been done before this, is that we
have thought the mail man the only
one to be benefited thereby; but this a
false idea, for the advantages would be
great to the resident as well as to the
carrier. It is much easier to remem-
ber a number than a name, much more
to remember a dozen names, as is ne-
cessary in the case of Parmer Taylor,
with his wife, his ten sons and daugh-
ters, his two hired hands, and the
cook. But think of it, this is only one
among the scores of families that live
on a single rural route. It is claimed
by some that this numbering system
would be impracticable, but why
should it be? Suppose that your box
is No. 42, on route No. 3, the address
could be written thus: R. Route No. 3
— 42. What could be easier than this?
In case the number is omitted in the
address, the mail man could look on
his indexed list and see at once, to
which box the mail belongs. Not only
would the adoption of this numbering
system d) greatly lessen the care on
the mail man, but also (2) it would
make the proper delivery of the mail
doubly sure; (3) it would lessen great-
ly the amount of writing necessarily
contained in the address; (4) it would
render it possible for persons to ad-
vertise and correspond without the
embarrassment of having their names
appear in public print, besides con-
ferring other benefits, the value of
which we cannot now realize.

Is this a false theory, or is it sound
doctrine? Whichever it be, is it not
worthy of the attention of those who
have .the management of the R. F. D.
system in hand? "Three's."

MR. J. T. DUNN IS NOW WITH MR.
ASHTON STARKE.
Mr. J. T. Dunn, who was formerly
with the Farmers' Supply Company,
and more recently with the Richmond
Buggy and Wagon Company, has con-
nected himself with the Ash'ton Starke
Implement House, 1422 E. Main street,
Richmond. Va., where he will be
pleased to see and serve his friends.

Hostess — Won't you sing something
for us, Miss Screecher?

Miss Screecher — Why, er, most of the
guests have gone home, have they not?

Hostess — Yes; but some of them
seem inclined to stay here all night.

Best Machine on the Farm

Farmers who bave used the

Improved Low Down Pennsylvania
Force Feed Fertilizer Grain Drill

io otfai c kind. 1 be general verdict is
that i la the I ■■■ ..■.■ ■ hine ■ n he/ai m. Made in

■

you FREE a special l">.,u triiin^ :,.:i ,, !.,,„< ;i ami

what it has i inn, ■ i !,<■ i . i i ; i yintf crops.

Adapts itself to all conditions. Address
A. B. FARQUHAR CO.. Ltd.. York, Pa.

SIMXFSS J| Manure Spreader

^J V W \J E^fe^tU? B&ev^ ^s^Vrfi Leads every other machine for

the mechanical spreading of
manure. Its superiority ap-
pears in the fact that it is a dis-
tinct improvement on the Kemp
Spreader, which we still manu-
facture and which has beenthetypi-
cal Spreader for 25 years. Spreads
es of every character and

and all commercial fertil-

k1 spreads evenly, thick or thin, broadcast or drills in rows, an v desired quantity per acre, unloading the
largest ioaa m*too minutes; apron automatically returns to position i a the next 0,r> feet driven.

A SPECIAL FEATURED MACHINE

for convenience- of handling and perfection of work. Notably superior in. iia Beater Freeing device, Direct Chain

trols everything from his seat. Made in four sizes and sold under Strongest guarantee as to materials, workman-
ship and duty. Investigate fully before buying. Catalogue with valuable chapter ou farm fertilizing- mailed free-

KEMP <S> BURPEE MANUFACTURING CO. BOX -05- SYRACUSE, N. *.

The Endless Apron Great Western

Manure Spreader.

CPRClflO and pulverizes all kinds of

. fresh, well rotted, mixed, full
cf straw or cornstalks, sheep manure. No matte*
hew tough, we guarantee our spreader to
spread it so evenly that one load will do
more good than three spread by hand. End-
less Apron i

to spread thick

Front wheels

be turned in

t under and machine can

; REGULATED SStt

a top of beater until they are thoroughly pul-

e away from beaterwhileloading and acts as wind hoodinspreading.
e spreader, because front and rear wheels track and theloadis nearly equal-
ear axles which brings load up close to horses. Made In 4 sizes: 30a
BO, 70«nd lOO bushels capacity. Inquire of your dealer or send to us for catalogue.

SMSTH MANURE SPREADER CO. 16 & 18 SOUTH CLINTON ST. CHICAGO, ILL.

Steam is the Best

end the cheapest power is
ly be used a few months

utmost reliable, most efficient am

hiwsieal tn nl urin-lial >!<-■; water pc

: gasoline |mwe-3 aiv out ot order more than half tliu time andelec*

trie current itself depends on steam power. The sure power is a

Leffel Engine and Boiler.

Thisontflf. la detached — iiler mounted on skids and engine on sepa-
rate base. Engine can go on either

■ in-.- away. Large or Bmall pi lley and belt on either end
of entriiiA shaft. A highly efficient, quick steaming, high power
developing outfit. Suited to any work, any fuel, anywhere. "We
make many other kindsand styles of Lcflol engines and boilers.
Book "Power Economy and Efficiency," free. ASHTON STARKE,

James Leffel & Co., Box 134, Springfield, Ohio. Richmond, va.

I

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

— WE ABE GROWEES AND OFFEB A FIXE ASSORTMENT OF

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA-
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $100 per
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im-
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. VV ATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

570

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

AMERICAN BREEDERS' ASSOCIA-
TION.

The general chairman of the mem-
bership committee of the American
Breeders' Association, Mr. Eugene D.
Punk, Bloomington, Illinois, is pro-
gressing with his campaign for a large
membership for that new organization.
The State chairmen in the various
States, and other State committeemen,
are inviting tuousands of animal breed-
ers, plant breeders, scientists interested
in heredity and evolution, and others
who are interested in plant and animal
improvement to become members. The
secretary, Prof. W. M. Mays, St. An-
thony Park, Minnesota, to whom all re-
mittances are made, reports daily rt,
sponses in the way of remittances for
membership. Some have expressed the
belief that the annual membership at
$1.00 is too low. A number of life-
memberships at $20.00 have been re-
ceived, among them one from Philip
de Vilmorin, head of the great seed
house of Paris, Prance, and another
from the Zoological Laboratory, Na-
ples, Italy. A number of annual for-
eign memberships at $2.00 have also
been received.

Animal breeders especially commend
the proposed scheme of a directory of
breeders, showing classes of live stock
and plants for sale by breeders, and
showing specialties of scientists in-
terested in breeding. Physicians and
teachers are taking an interest in this
association, that they may know more
about the general subject of heredity.

There is a wide range of interests
represented by those who join this new
association. Not only is the number
of breeders of different kinds of ani-
mals in America increasing, but the
field crops and many of the horticul-
tural crops are being taken up by
breeders who are improving them by
systematic breeding. The work of the
experiment stations and the U. S. De-
partment of Agriculture is especially
effective in reducing breeding to more
of a science.

THE DIFFERENCE.
"Far as I can learn," said the Prun-
tytown philosopher, with his usual
raspishness, "the only difference — ex-
cepting, of course, in the size of their
bills — between the fashionable city
physician, with several mysterious in-
itials after his name, and the plain,
everyday village doctor, who is com-
monly called 'Doc,' and swaps horses
on the side, is that the former diag-
noses your malady and the latter sim-
ply tells you what's the matter — that
is, you s'pose they do." — August Wo-
man's Companion.

She — And are you really so much
better since you returned from your
trip abroad?

He — Yes, indeed! I'm quite another
man, I assure you.

She — Well, I'm sure all your friends
will be delighted to hear it.

TEN HOURS £

"ELI" Against the Field,

COLLINS PLOW COMPANY,

It leads in power, in speed, in safety, in convenience and ease
of operation and makes :ompactest and shapeliest I ales.

HAY BALER WBTH A gtECORQ,

theprideof shippers. Steel op Wood, Horse or Steam Power.
Such automatic features as self-feeding, block placing, hay
condensing, bell ringing, etc. -iS styles and sizes. Get free Eli catalog

185 Hampshire St., Quincy, 8E8s.

EDGEW00D STOCK FARM ggS|g?i!

You men m the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No
iamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb
in December.

Oue cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see theui.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

XXXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxxxx
X X

x QSMONT DORSETS 8

X
X

X Prices Reasonable.

X

CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va.

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS. $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALflER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

********** ***** < «**«****<******<:<*:« « *<;< **Jt*********3

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
Glasses by mail our specialty.

01 WO DFPARTMEN

is also complete with CAMERAS, KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

*• Our line of OPERA OALSSES, FIELD GLASSES, Incubator and Dairy
» THERMOMETERS, etc., etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases.

I m 1 uuai wikil CO.. 1 and in sis.. Richmond, in.

* ***** » *> * **>**>***********>:******>:*** *****>ae********»

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

57 1

A. C. SINTON, President.

R. R. GWATHMEY, Vice-President.

I. I. SUTTON. Secretary.

ESTABLISHED 1840.

The WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sis., Richmond, Va

Agricultural Implements,
Machinery, Vehicles and
Harness. •* ^ *§e <&

INCORPORATED 1893.

PEERLESS ENGINE

BEME.N'T IMPROVED WEEDER.

ALL STYLES OF BUGGIES.

A full stock always on hand, and prompt
shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dixie
and Farmer'B Friend Plows and repairs. The
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go
In the ground where all others fall.

A large and complete stock of open and
top buggies, surreys and spring wagons.
Fish, Weber and Columbus two-horse Farm
Wagons. Champion and Hickory one-horse
Wagons. John Deere and Continental Disc
Cultivator. Roderick Lean Land Rollers.

Hocking Valley Feed CutterB, Cyclone
Shredders. Smalley Feed Cutters. Dain Corn
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck-
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined.

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses.
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay
PresseB. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press,
for one horse, a good, cheap presa. Will put
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. Tha well
known Minnich Hand Baling Presses.

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills.
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made.

Hocking Valley Corn Shelters, for hand or
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerlesa
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock.
Several good second-hand Englnaa and other
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire,
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows,
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows.

A full line of Planet Jr., Garden Toola.

We will be glad to mail you a copy
of our new catalogue.

FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW.

COMBINED CULTIVATOR, AND HORSE HOE.

SOUTH BEND PLOW.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th and Franklin and 14th and Main Streets - - RICHMOND, VA

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

AS TO ADVERTISING.
If you toot your little tooter and then

lay aside your horn,
In ten short days there's not a soul

will know that you were born;
The man who gathers pumpkins is

the man who plows all day,
And the man who keeps a-humping is

the man who makes it pay.
The man who advertises with a short

and sudden jerk
Is the man who blames the editor be-
cause it didn't work;
The man who gets th£ business has a

long and steady pull,
And keeps his ad a a-running from

week to week quite full.

He plans his advertising in a thought-
ful sort of way,

And keeps forever at it until he makes
it pay;

He has faith in all the future, can
withstand a sudden shock,

And, like the man of scripture, plants
his business on a rock.

If he can't write good copy, he em-
ploys a man who can.

And the other fellow in his line is
classed as "also ran."

You can't fool people always — they've
been a long time born,

And most folks know the man is slow
who tooteth not his horn.

A S75.000.00 PRIZE.

Some public spirited men in St.
Louis, to promote interest in the great
World's Fair which tpens in May, have
organized a contest which is open to
everyone in the world, as to the num-
ber in attendance at the fair.

A facsimile letter from the treas-
urer of the Missouri Trust Co., of St.
Louis, in the possession of the publish-
er of this paper:

"Certifies that the World's Fair
Contest Company, incorporated, has
this day deposited with this company
sold for the payment of
the awards in its contest on a total
paid attendance at the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition, 19i">4. and that such
deposit is held in trust by this com-
pany, to be paid by it to such success-
ful contestants as the Committee of
Awards may direct."

The judges and other officials of the
contest are men who are high in finan-
cial and business circles, and men who
are prominently connected with the
fair as officers, and also directors and
officials in prominent banking insti-
tutions in St. Louis.

It is quite an interesting contest, and
we suggest that any of our readers in-
terested write to the World's Fair Con-
test Co.. for full information, address-
ing your letters to St. Louis. U. S. A,

"Tour husband," said Mrs. Oldcastle,
"seems to be so altruistic,"

"Yes. I know it. But Josiah always
was a great hand to overeat, and I
think that must be what gives it to
him."

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and vre will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You cau ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting

it with our.

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 21 squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for pr:

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galianized and
^==^= Black Sheet Iron, etc. ^=^==^=^=

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago. - 'eoria, Indianapolis,

-ky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI. HAMILTON A DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT A1,!XZ Sr&I&l" ROUTE.

To STAISTOX, LYSCHBrRG, CHARLOTTESVILLE)
RICHHON'U, PETER BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

573

The American Field Fence

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost

is even less than barb wire or wood
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and
prices.

55 INCH

' ■"

4i

m.

"It

3

39 IN.

i

32

IN.

f

r

r__26

IN.

•

20

IN.

f

'I'

2

"j

«.!

1

T

THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS,
CORN, PEAS and BEANS as well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with-
out fertilizer attachment.

OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or
power. A comparison with others will
convince you it is the strongest, sim-
plest and best made. The power ma-
chines are furnished with blower or
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low.

V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The
most economical roof made. Does not
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur-
nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet
long.

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS. All sizes and

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN.
The quickest and cleanest butter maker
known. The frame is made of Hol-
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong,
and easily forms a useful table. The
churns are furnished of either wood
or heavy tin.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
times in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufac tured and
can be cleaned
without trouble to
any one. Write
us for particulars.

capacities at low prices.

BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAOES, HAR-
NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTING AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS,
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES.

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

574

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

EXTERMINATING MOTHS.
The most effectual method of ren-
dering a house moth-proof is thorough
spring and fall cleaning. Two of the
arch-enemies of moths are cleanliness
and light. Attics and storage-rooms
require light and ventilation. The
cedar chest or closet ranks first as a
preventive. Moth halls are efficacious,
but one prefers the moth almost. Furs,
especially, fascinate moths. The pre-
liminary step is a thorough combing
with a dressing comb; next, beat well,
and air in the sunshine; next, sprinkle
with gum camphor, cedar dust or to-
bacco leaves. Place the furs in paper
sacks, turn the edges over, and paste
down with a strip of muslin. Printers'
ink is obnoxious to moths. Balls of
cotton wadding saturated in oil of
cedar are effectual in trunks. Remem-
ber this, oil stains. Carpets, if infest-
ed, must come up, be beaten and clean-
ed. Wash the floor with benzine, then
sprinkle with cayenne pepper. Tack
down the carpet, and sponge with a
solution of one quart of water to one
tablespoonful of turpentine, changing
the water frequently. A preventive is
to press every inch of the edge of the
carpet, first dampening, then pressing
with a hot iron. Lay a damp towel
on the carpet, over this a paper to re-
tain the steam, then iron. Steam de-
stroys.— August Woman's Home Com-
panion.

A sentry, an Irisman, was on post
duty for the first time at night, when
the officer of the day approached. He
called:

"Who comes there?"

"Officer of the day," was the reply.

"Then what are yez doin' out at
night?" asked the sentry. — London
Fun. .

Hewitt — So we have hugged the
same girl.

Jewitt — Yes. I suppose she looks
upon us as members of the associated
press.

"Br'er Thomas, you spends 'bout
half yo' time cussin' out de devil."

"Well, ain't dat right? What you
'spect me ter do?"

"Take a recess, en praise de Lawd
some!"

Magistrate: Have I not seen you
twice under the influence of liquor?

Prisoner: If you were in that condi-
tion, your honor, probably you did see
me twice.

Police Captain — So you shot the dog.
Was he mad?

Officer Grogan — No, sor; but th' led-
dy thot owned him was. — Epworth
Herald.

"Daddy's in jail fer moonshinin'."
explained the Georgia youngster, "but
he's got terbacky, religion, an' his ole
time fiddle!"

Best for medicinal uses

Your physician will tell you that you should always have some good whiskey in the
house. For accidents, fainting spells, exhaustion, and other emergency cases, it relieves
and revives. But you must have good whiskey, pure whiskey, for poor whiskey, adulterated
whiskey, may do decided harm. HAYXEB WHISKEY is just what you need for it goes
direct from our own distillery to you. with all its original strength, richness and flavor,
carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLERS GUARANTEE of PUR-
ITY and AGE and saving the dealers' enormous profits. We have over a quarter of a
million satisfied customers, exclusively family trade, who know it is best for medicinal
purposes and prefer it for other uses. That's why YOU should try it. Your money back if
you ar" not satisfied.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Saves Dialers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration I

HAYNER WHISKEY

4

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

FULL $0-20 EXPRESS

QUARTS

3*>

PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAfVER'S SEVEN-
YEAR -OLD RYE for $3.20. and we will pay the express ch»»ges. Try it and
if youdon't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense and your $3.20 will be
returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied you are not out a cent. Better let us
send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a friend to
join you. Shipment made in a plain sealed case with no marks to show what's
inside.

Orders for Ariz., Cal., CoL, Idaho, Mont, Nev., N. Mex.. Ore., Utah. Wash,
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for $4.00 by Express
Prepaid or 20 Quarts for S1S.OO by Freieht Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

DAYTON, OHIO

ST. PAUL, MINN.

151 Distillery, Tbot, O. Established 1866.

%

* THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE

INVESTMENTS

TO- ,

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
THE TRUCKER.
IS NOT IN VAIN.

WHERE YOUR LABOR

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where
large proflU can be realized Interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and •
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

m J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

575

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

BRAND

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep.

Lice on Hogs.

Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.

ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-Ib. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

i— GROCERIES FOR FAMILY lloF — i

A few articles quoted below will convince you that for cash you can live cheaply by dealing with us.
We have a complete line of groceries, feed and liquors. Should you need anything not quoted here,
write for prices. These prices are subject to changes in the market. We charge 10c. per gallon extra
for jugs. Our goods guaranteed to be first-class. Goods delivered free of drayage to any depot. All

prices f. o. b. here

Granulated Sugar, per lb 5c

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb 11 Jc

Best Meal, per peck, 18c; or, per bushel 70c.

Pride of Richmond Flour, per sack, 35c; or. per bbl.. $5. 40

Daisy Flour, per sack, 33c; per bbl 5.25

Good Green Coffee, per lb 9c

Best Salt Pork, per lb. . .". 10c.

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7c. & 9c

Best Butcher's Lard, per lb 10c

Good Lard, 3 lbs. for 25c.

Green, Black and Mixed Tea, per lb 35c, 40c. & 50c.

Best Cheese, per lb 12Jc

Best Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c

Best Roe Herrings, per dozen ISc.

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 35c

Best Genuine N. O. Molasses, per gallon 60c

Good Dark Molasses, per gallon 25c & 35c

Soaps, 8, 7, 6, 10 and 11 bars for 25c

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can 12c.

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Apple, Plum, Reynolds' Sun

Cured Tobacco for 25c.

Best Lemons, per dozen . . ,12c

Good Corn, per bushel 65cc.

Good Oats, per bushel 48c.

Best Timothy Hay, per ton 17.00

No. 1 Mixed Hay, per ton ; 16.00

No. 1 Clover, per ton 16.00

Remittance must accompany all orders. Send P

Bran, per ton 24.00

Ship Stuff, per ton 25.50

Old Crown Rye, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye, 4 years old, per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye, 2 years old, per gallon 1.50

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 2 years old, per gallon 2.00

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 5 years old, per gallon. . . . 2.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c.

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c

Apple Brandy, 3 years old, per gallon 2.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00

Geneva Gin, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00

London Dock Gin, 5 years old, per gallon 2.50

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1.00

Buchu Gin, for kidneys, per bottle 1.00

Catawba Wine, per gallon 50c.

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 60c.

California Sherry Wine, per gallon 1.00

(Sacks for corn and oats, 5c. extra.)

Half bbls. Roe Herrings 2.75

Coarse Meal, per ton 25.00

Cut Herrings in one-half bbls 2.00

Chop Food, per ton 25.00

California Hame, per lb 10c

Dunlop Flour, per bbl 6X0

Obelisk Flour, per bbl 5.60

O. or Exp. Order, Rtg . Letters , for what you want.

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Inc.,

1724 East Main Street,
RICHMOND, VA.
'Phone 507.

576

THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER

[August,

A CANNY SCOTCHMAN.
There was a certain Scottish minis-
ter in a West Highland parish who has
never yet been known to permit a
stranger to occupy his pulpit. Lately,
however, an Edinburgh divinity stu-
dent was spending a few days in the
parish, and on Saturday he called at
the manse and asked the minister to
he allowed to preach the following
day. "My dear young man," said the
minister, laying a hand gently on the
young man's shoulder, "gin I lat ye
preach the morn, and ye gie a better
sermon than me, my fowk wad never
again be satisfied wi' my preaching,
and gin ye're nae a better preacher
than me, ye're no' worth listening
tae!"

Hawkins — My wife never gossips.
Robbins — Neither does mine. By
the way, what does your wife call it?

THE NEW YORK FARMERS.— We
are in receipt of the report of the 1903-
1904 meetings of this celebrated Far-
mers' Club, the membership of which
consists of millionaires sufficient to
buy up all the farms and farmers in
Virginia. They always secure some
notable speakers for their meetings,
and thus make the proceedings both
interesting and useful. Amongst the
speakers at the last meeting we notice
the Hon. Henry Fairfax, of Virginia,
who discussed the question of the in-
fluence of the Hackney upon the heavy
harness horse of to-day — a subject
upon which he was very competent to
offer an opinion as one of the oldest
Hackney breeders in the country, and
one of the most successful.

Newrich — A man can get along with-
out ancestors.

Mack — True. But his children can't.

CATALOGUES AND PREMIUM
LISTS.

Prize list and Rules and Regulations
for the government of and awarding
of prizes in the Department of Live
Stock at the Universal Exposition, St.
Louis. The total amount of prize
money offered is $438,702.25, a sum
never before exceeded at any Exposi-
tion or Fair. For copy of list and
further information, apply to Col.
Chas. F. Mills, Chief of Department
of Live Stock, World's Fair, St. Louis,
Mo.

"Name the world's greatest com-
poser," said the musical instructor.

"Chloroform," promptly replied the
young man who had studied medicine.

"Mr. Smith had a hard time to get
his daughters off his hands."

"Yes, and I hear he has to keep their
husbands on their feet."

An Atchison husband hovered at
death's door so long his wife remarked
that she supposed he was having his
usual trouble finding the keyhole.

the

A PHILADELPHIA FEAR.

"Your husband has water on
brain," announced the doctor.

"Dear me!" she said, "I hope it has
been boiled." — May Lippincott's Maga-
zine.

"How fast can you go in that auto-
mobile?"

"Oh, three times as fast as the law
allows."

Junior Partner — Young Jones has
overstayed his vacation five days. Shall
we fire him? "No; promote him, that
shows he ain't afraid of hard work."

O. I . C. PIGS

FROM REGISTERED STOCK,
For Sale at Right Prices.

Address F. S. MICHIE,

Charlottesville, Va.

LARGE

YORKSHIRE PIGS

Ready for Shipment.

Six choice YOUNG DEVON COWS, with
calves by side, sired by pure Polled Angus bull.

H. C. BEATTIE,

R. F. D. No. 4. RICHMOND, VA.

OCKER CHURN

Gets the butter from the cream down to the one

thousandth part. Made of tasteless wood and the churning process is
entirely the result of its own motion— no machinery inside or oat to
get out of order or require oiling.

Its Special Advantages

are : 1— Simplicity . 2— Least friction, &— Gravity does the churning t
a child can operate It. 4— Absolutely no adjustments, always ready.
6 — Nothing but the chum hoi to clean, easily accessible. 6— Violent
agitation of cream without paddles or dashers. 7 — Gives the finest
grade of butter of any churn on the market. WE PAY THE FREIGHT.
Your money back If not satisfied. In ei?ht convenient sizes, 8 to 60
. Price as right as the quality. Illustrated circulars free.

Churn Mfg. Company, Forsyth, Georgia,

WKKKt^^

DO YOUR TRADING

Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name of LUMSDEN
on anything In the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line 1b a standard of quality.

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY,;

STERLING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS.

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; It contains
many articles on which we can save you money.

G. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED
STEEL BEAM

AND REPAIRS.

PLOWS

Thi

far-famed and world-
led Plow we guaran-
tee you is worthy of all that
is said In praise of it. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 Just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY GO.

Implements Fertilizers

„ Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season Is at hand. HEN
PRODUCTS higher than
ever. Our prices low. Write
for Free Catalogue. ■

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

577

Reg'. JERSEY BULL

3 years old for sale or exchange. For par-
ticulars, address EVERGREEN DAIRY &
STOCK FARM, W. B. GATES, Prop. Rice
Depot, Va.

The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG.

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON
LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,
Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.
Pennsylvania R. R.,
Seaboard Air Line R'y
and Southern R'y.

Between all Pointa via Richmond, Va.

Fast Mall, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CTJLP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR. Traffic Manaster.

THE GROWLS OF A GRIZZLED
BACHELOR.

Faint heart in time may save a
breach of promise suit.

It is unsafe to make love out of an
ink bottle — or any other way.

He thinks he is marrying his ideal,
but she sometimes turns out to be his
ordeal.

Some women's love is about as full
of warmth and truth as the epitaph
on a lawyer's tombstone.

The only appreciable difference be-
tween a woman and a girl is that the
woman is a little more so. — August
Woman's Home Companion.

Foozle — Do you think it wrong to
play golf on Sunday?

Niblick — I think it wrong to play
such a game as you do on any day of
the week.

"Poor Giblets!" "What now?" "He
has been off on a vacation for a month
and the doctor ordered him to go back
to work for nis health."

Nor clothes nor riches makes the man,
'Tis more than this that makes him;

But whatsoe'er it be, we know
'Tis woman fair that breaks him.

Mr. A. L. French, of the Sunny
Home Herd of Angus Cattle, Fitz-

gerald, N. C, calls attention in a cir-
cular to the breeding of his herd,
which is second to none in this coun-
try.

Young Cubber — By George! I see
that Brown, the millionaire, has been
stabbed.

Old Grovehy — How sad! How very
sad! It has put the market down two
points.

She — Is it rea^y true that the blind
can determine color by the sense of
touch?

He — Sure; I once knew a blind man
who was able to tell a red-hot stove
by merely putting his finger on it.

Mrs. Newbride — See here! when I
gave you that pie you promised to saw
some wood.

Hungry Hank — Well, you oughtn't
to-ve gave the pie first, lady. I just
ruined the saw tryin' to cut de pie.

FOR SALE

1 Reg. Holstein Fresian

Bull 3 1-2 years old; weight about 1,200 lbs.
Price, $40. 2 HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN Heifer
calves, S months old, $25 each. A few very
fine largo ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs $6
each, 3 mos. old. W. F. JACKSON, Olga,
Amelia county, Va.

The Only Complete Drill.

Hoe,DisG

or Shoe
Fertilizer

And Plain Drills.

America's 20th Century Line.
FETZER & CO.,

Capital, $1,000,000.

Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A.

Factory established 1S58.
Write for Booklet S.

Always

<So CONVEN/ENT.

(patented )

LONG/TUD/NAL LEVER OUT^OF

THE WAY.
SET on
THE HOPPER-
& OPERATE j(«,

Better than a seat.

578

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

S^WKo. THE CALL=WATT CO.,

Implements, Machinery and Vehicles

GEO

MANFRED CALL,
Gen'l. Manager.

PORTABLE EVAPORATOR,
With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans

DISC AND HOE GRAIN AND FER-
TILIZER DRILLS,
Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib-
utors

THREE-ROLL CANE MILL.

Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea Hullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills,
OrlndPng Mifls P^ows and Plow Repairs of all kinds, Corn Shellers, Wheat Fans. ...

Q We soncU .iilr... .or anytn.n* des.red. .,3 3 1 5th Stre et Be, Main and CaryR , Q H M Q N D, VA.

OOittHWttHXHKH^ttHKH}^^

j^S^j^^S^HttHWH*^^

:FO R=

WHEAT, OATS, CLOVER
±m OTHER GRASSES, ^M

I [C'Q PREPARED I IMC
Ltt 0 AGRICULTURAL LI Hit.

It is the "Old Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime
Sulphate of Lime and Potash. ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ & ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Bucceg8 hag

SPECIAL WHEAT been ghort of marvelous. SomJ of the best farmers tell us that they get
FERTILIZER...- a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fer-
tilizer Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility,
tiuzer. Kecom pLA1N SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices.

i^T 1 WOOF) BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest marhet price from the Kilns.

N°if vou w1?oTmPR?VE your land ustltn of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER

If you wish to ubtkutb yo ' fa j d ; ; d conditiou, use the same quantity and it

°iUfr Z . ^TAND^ QR^Hof^RASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no
VEOETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantHy, and sow
winter OATS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES.

i 102 South 13th Street ----- Richmond, V^»^J

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

579

WHAT AN OLD READER OF THE

PLANTER SAYS OF IT.
Editor Southern Planter:

Who is "running" the Planter? It
seems as if it gets better and better.
I thought I knew it all, but it looks
as if you are springing something on
me every issue that I did not know.
I do not see how any farmer can read
one number and not subscribe, if he is
not a subscriber already, when he can
get the paper for 50c. or three for one
dollar. This paper has saved me many
times its cost. I often see articles
worth 50c. to me. Then it has saved
me in not making experiments that
sometimes I make, and generally get
left. Your article on tile draining is
all right, and it pays from the start.
I have done it, but I would not advise
any one to borrow money to do it, for
he will find a mortgage is the hardest
thing he ever tried to raise. Such is
my experience. Now, I am not kick-
ing on your article on tile draining,
and as you are a hard horse to ride, I
guess I'll get out of the saddle.

L. H. Cablton.

hand, he pulled the reverend gentle-l
man by the coat-tails gently back into
his seat. When asked about the inci-
dent the General coolly replied —

"I thought he'd told God about all
He wanted to know for one time, and
others were waiting their turn at the
public." — August Lippincott's.

GENERAL SERMAN'S SENSE.
At the unveiling ceremony of the
famous Bartholdi statue the clergyman
who offered the opening prayer was
inclined to spin out his petition. Gen-
eral Sherman was sitting beside him,
and at length, quietly putting out a

UNNATURAL HISTORY.

During the opening days of Kinder-
garten the family life was being dis-
cussed with the tots in the circle as
directly appealing to the little ones
fresh from home.

"Now, children, we have talked
about our own homes and little bird
and squirrel families that have their
homes in trees and on top of the
ground; can you tell me any animals
that have their homes in the ground?"

Up jumped curly-headed Barnett, en-
thusiastically, crying:

"Yes'm, Satan!" — Lippincott's.

what sort of an animal bit you. This
wound is too small to have been made
by a horse and too large to have been
inflicted by a dog or a cat."

The colored woman grinned. "Sho',
Doctor, it wa'n't any animul dat bit
me, it war a lady, sah!" — Edwin Tar-
risse, in August Lippincott's.

THE DOCTOR ENLIGHTENED.

Representative Livingston, of Geor-
gia, repeats a story that was told him
by a physician on duty at a hospital in
Atlanta.

One day there entered the hospital
a young colored woman badly bitten in
the neck just back of the ear. The
doctor who dressed the wound said to
the patient:

"It perplexes me to determine just

A GOOD SHOT.
The foreman of the Minnie Healy
mine, at Butte, Mon., noticed an appar-
ently suspicious man standing day
after day near the shaft-house silently
gazing eastward where the Great
Northern Railroad tunnel pierces the
main divide of the Rocky Mountains.
Approaching him one day, he said:
"My man, what are you doing here?"
"Faith, Jack Kane," answered the
man, "I hove been here ivery day for
the last thirty days, watchin' them en-
jines and cars goin' along that trail
towards thot hole in the mountain,
and, be gobs, not wan of thim hove
missed the hole yet." — W. I. Lippin-
cott, in August Lippincott's.

AN OBJECT LESSON.
A teacher in an East Side school, in
trying to explain the meaning of the
word slowly, illustrated it by walking
across the floor. When he asked the
class to tell him how he walked, a boy
at the foot of the class shouted, "Bow-
legged, sir." — Lippincott's.

FOR SALE.

Standard and Registered Trot-
ting Mare,

rich bay, elegantly bred, young and
sound. She is well made, speedy look-
ing, with full mane and tail. Bred in
1904 to Kelly, 2:27. Address

W. J. CARTER,
916 E. Main st., Richmond, Va.

W. J. CARTER, l BROAD ROCK ]

TURF JOURNALIST,

916 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Pedigrees of thoroughbred
and trotting horses traced, reg-
istration matters attended to,
stock farm catalogues compiled,
and stud circulars prepared.

Representing the Times-Dis-
patch and Southern Planter,
Richmond, Va. ; KentuckyStock
Farm and The Thoroughbred
Record, Lexington Ky. ;Sportsof
the Times, New York, and Cal-
ifornia Breeder and Sportsman,
San Franeisco.

1 904. W00DM0NDE AND HATTONDALE FARMS. 1 904.

$50 BURLINGTON $50

" The Gentleman in Black,"

Winner oi the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap, Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial and Tidal Stakes.

Black hone, by. Powhatan, dam imp. Invercauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam Imp Eleanor by
Voltigenr; 3d Themis, by Touchstone; 4th dam Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Caius, Chivalry 'and
Aristides), by Lottery: nth dam Decision (dam of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate
etc., etc. BURLINGTON will make the season of 1901 at .1. E. Lane's above named farms at
Eamont. Albemarle county, Va.

Usual return privilege If horse is alive and in my possession.

For particulars address

J. E. LANE, Esmont, Albemarle County, Va.

1904 ANTRIM STOCK FARM, 1904

CHORISTER

Bay horse, 16.1 ; weight, 1,300 lbs.; sired by Falsetto; dam, Addle C, by King Alfonso • 2d dam-
Aereollte, by Lexington ; 3d dam, Florine, by Imp. Glencoe.

•'Ore of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America, and a sure success as a getter of race
horses."— Major J'aingerflehi.

Chorister held the world's record for a mile as a three year old. He Is the sire of " Corrus
cate." who holds the mile record for Canada— 1:38^. All his get win, and are racing up to 8 9 and
11 years of age. They won over 830,000 in one season.

Fee, $50.00 cash; approved half-bred mares, $20.00.

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes, but no responsibility assumed for any

that may occur. For further particulars apply to

D. K. KERR, Manager Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va-

1904. KELLY, 22283. 1904.

Record, 2!27.

Sire of McChesney, 2:163/, Etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 126; lirst dam, Esther, dam of Expressive 3, 232K; Express, 2;21 etc '
by Express, etc. Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having fine size and the form and
flnlsh of a thoroughbred. For terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va.

Kelly will serve at my private stable, 1102 Hull street, Manchester, Va.

580

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[August,

The following Hit of papers and parlodleals
are the moat papular onea la this aeetloa.
Wa caa SAVE TOU MONHT on waaterer
Journal you wish:

DATUM.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va IS 08 W 00

The Post, Washington, D. C « 00 < M

The Sud, Baltimore, Md t 00 t 40

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50

News-Leader, Richmond, Va S 00 > 00

TRI-WEEKLY.

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Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND,

VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65 SEPTEMBER, 1904.

No. 9

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month 581

Wheat Seeding 584

Tests of Varieties of Wheat 586

Pennsylvania Potato Talk 586

Some Random Notes 587

Nutritive Ration of Plant Pood in the Soil 58S

The Whole System of Farming as Pursued by
the Average Cotton Raiser Radically Wrong. 590

Large Yield of Wheat in Halifax Co., Va 591

Enquirers' Column (See Detail Index, p. 613 1 . 591

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work for the Month

History of the Peach

598
599

Prince Barbara, Sire Prince Ito. Dam Barbara

of Woodlawn 606

Angora Goats in Virginia 606

Sheep Husbandry in England 606

Hereford Breeders' Association 607

Big Prices for Yorkshire Hogs 607

To tell the Ages of Pigs 607

THE POULTRY YARD:
More About Gapes..

60S

THE HORSE:

Notes 609

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Stock Farming in the South 601

Milk Fever 602

*"C^LLANEOUS

f-0 I ',| 1".) <I".I.'I"U,)

Labor Difficulty 610

Notes from Tidewater, Va 611

The Wheat Situation 612

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RICHMOND, BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street. Richmond, Va.

W G. ADAMS Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. "SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, September, 1904.

No. 9.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

Since writing our opening article for the August
issue the general and continuous rain which we then
said to he necessary for us to secure a good average
crop has fortunately fallen, indeed we have had prac-
tically since that time a month of broken weather all
through the South. Rain has fallen almost daily,
but, as a rule, not in such heavy showers as to do
injury, though in some sections there have been wash-
ing rains. The result is that the land is now well
supplied with moisture, and this condition, coupled
with the warmth of the soil, and a daily temperature
more nearly the average for the season than has been
the case for so long, has caused crops to make a splen-
did growth, and the prospect is for full average yields
of most crops.

The threshing of the winter wheat crop throughout
the country has been completed, and the result con-
firms our forecast of a very deficient yield. The
average yield per acre for the whole country is esti-
mated by the Department of Agriculture at slightly
over 12 bushels to the acre. For Virginia the aver-
age is given at slightly over 10 bushels, for Maryland
at slightly over 13 bushels, for Forth Carolina at
slightly over 8 bushels, for South Carolina at 8
bushels, for Tennessee at a little over 11 bushels, and
for West Virginia at a little over 10 bushels. Whilst
these are the average yields, we have received reports
of some excellent yields in some parts of this State.
In this issue will be found one of 40 bushels to the
acre, and Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's Bluff, Va., tells

us that his crop ran to over 40 bushels to the acre,
and this over a large crop. These large yields go to
show that the season was not altogether to blame for
the small average crop. The man had much to do
with it as is almost always the case. The spring
wheat crop is not yet fully harvested, but it is going
to be a very disappointing one. Rust has played
great havoc with it, and the crop will in all proba-
bility be the smallest raised for a long time. Taken
together, the whole wheat crop promises to be as we
forecasted, in the Planter two months ago, 100,000,-
000 bushels below that of last year. This means
that we have raised but little more wheat this year
than will be required to feed the people of the coun-
try and for seed. A realization of this fact has had
its influence on the market, and wheat is now selling
for $1.10 per bushel in Chicago, as against 90c. two
months ago. We expect to see it sell for a still
higher price, as the wheat crop of the whole world is
a deficient one.

The oat crop gives promise of being a fine average
crop if weather conditions are favorable for harvest-
ing the same. The condition is above the ten years'
average.

( lorn crop prospects in the South were never better}
and as the area planted is above the average, we look
to see a large crop cribbed. Throughout the coun-
try the prospect is for a good crop, but in our opinion
not for an excessively large one, possibly not larger
than that cribbed last year. We expect to see the

582

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

price of this staple remain firm, and possibly advance
somewhat.

Tobacco has made a good growth, but there is con-
siderable diversity of opinion as to what the quality
of the crop will be. If the rains do not quickly cease
many growers think that the quality will be coarse
and the tobacco of an undesirable type, and we are
afraid this will be so.

The cotton crop is in a critical condition. The
continued rains have forced excessive growth of weed
and hindered the setting and maturity of the bolls.
A continuance of the weather we are having is going
to materially reduce the yield of the crop, whilst if
it takes up too suddenly and a dry period follows
almost equal damage will be done. We are not look-
ing for such an excessive crop to be picked as was
promised early in the season. Every pound of the
new crop will, in our opinion, be wanted at a good
price.

Peanuts are not likely to a heavy crop. They
made a bad start in the cold, dry weather, and there
has been too much raiu for them recently. The price
keeps firm, and we look to see this continue, and
possibly advance some.

Sweet potatoes are promising a good yield, but a
cessation of the almost daily rains we are having
would be of benefit to the crop.

The various forage crops have made a splendid
growth since the rains began, and with fine weather
to cure the same there will be an abundance of winter
keep.

Pastures never looked better and live stock are in
fine condition generally. There is every prospect
now that there will be an abundance of feed to the
end of the season, as it will take a long drouth in the
fall to check the growth.

A review of the foregoing will, we think, lead to
the conclusion that Southern farmers and planters
have much to be thankful for. There is every reason
to anticipate that they will be able to secure a fair
return for their labor and capital.

The work of harvesting and curing the forage
crops will require attention during this month. Do
not be in too great haste to cut them. They are now

very full of sap, and will be difficult to cure unless
we have very fine weather. Let the growth ma-
ture somewhat before cutting. The feed value of
the crop will be enhanced and the curing will be
much less difficult. Cow peas especially will need
to be let alone for some time, or the curing will be
especially difficult. In our last issue will be found
two articles dealing with the curing of this crop, to
which we invite attention. If the weather con-
tinues showery do not cut too great an area down at
once, but cut a small breadth and give this all the
attention it needs to cure it well and as quickly as
possible, and then cut again. Sorghum is less diffi-
cult to handle than peas, as it does not spoil easily.
Let it stand until the grain is well past the dough
stage, and then cut and set in shocks to cure. If it
can be allowed to lie on the ground broadcast for a
few days the curing will be much easier, and it will
not spoil by being rained on. This is also the case
with soy beans, when cut for a hay crop. In our
last issue will be found advice as to the proper time
to cut all these forage crops, and also as to the filling
of the silo. i.

The work of sowing grass, alfalfa and clover crops
should have immediate attention, as this is the last
month in the year when this work can be done with
anything like a certainty of success. In our last
issue we wrote very fully on this subject, and to what
we then said we invite attention. From the large
number of enquiries we have had we expect to see
quite a considerable area of alfalfa seeded in the
South. We are convinced from the reports we have
had from many who have experimented with the
crop that there is no reason whatever why Southern
farmers should not succeed as well with this crop as
Western ones have done. It is of such inestimable
value as a feed, making so large a weight of hay to the
acre in one year, and is of such a permanent char-
acter, that it is worth every effort necessary to make
its growth successful. Talking a day or two ago with
an enterprising and wide-awake farmer, we were
glad to find that he had made a success with the crop
upon land badly infested with weeds by seeding the
same in drills two feet apart. He prepared the land
finely, made it rich with manure, and then kept all
weeds down the first year by cultivating it frequently.
The second year it took full possession of the land,
and since that time he has cut three, and sometimes
fotir, crops off each year, and it is still making fine
growth, and in complete possession of the land.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

583

Keep on seeding crimson clover and hairy vetch
all through the month as land becomes available.
Sow with these seeds some wheat, oats and rye, say
from half to three-quarters of a bushel to the acre,
and a good cover will be provided for the land all
winter, which will add to its fertility, and at the
same time make good grazing, an early green forage,
and good hay. A good crop of crimson clover will
add from $20 to $30 worth of nitrogen to the acre,
and a crop of hairy vetch from $30 to $35 worth of
the same absolutely essential fertilizer. All this is
gathered from the air and costs nothing but the price
of 10 or 15 pounds of clover seed or a bushel of hairy
vetch, and the labor of seeding these. In addition to
this, these crops add humus making matter to the
soil, and this humus makes available the phosphoric
acid and potash in the soil, and keeps the soil from
running together and baking. If the land is poor,
give these crops 2 or 300 pounds of acid phosphate
to the acre to induce a vigorous growth. The more
luxuriant the growth the greater the quantity of
nitrogen which will be stored in the soil. If no use
or profit is made of these crops except their manurial
value this is amply sufficient to justify the outlay of
money and labor involved in their growth. No bet-
ter preparation of the land for a corn crop can be
made than the seeding of these crops.

The preparation of the land for and the seeding
of winter oats should have immediate attention.
Long experience in the growing of this crop has de-
monstrated that to be a profitable and successful crop,
Virginia gray winter oats should be sown early in
September. As this variety is the most profitable
oat crop that can be grown in the South; indeed, on
an average of years is the only profitable oat that can
be grown in a hot climate like otirs, the oat being es-
sentially a cold climate crop, every effort should be
made to get it in at the best time for it to succeed.
With the oat crop as with nearly every other crop
good preparation of the seed bed before seeding has
more to do with the yield than the amount of fer-
tilizer that may be applied. This preparation should
have begun in August. The rains we have had have
put the land into good condition for working, and
every effort should be made to get the seed in by the
middle or third week of this month. The small
average yield of the winter oat crop in the South is
almost wholly due to the fact that the crop is usually
seeded too late on a poorly prepared bed, and too
often on the poorest land to be cropped. When
seeded after September the crop does not make suffi-

cient growth to protect the roots from being frozen
with even a light frost on the setting in of
winter, and much of the stand is winter killed. An-
other reason for this winter killing is that the seed is
not covered sufficiently and proper precaution taken
to drain off surface water quickly by the provision of
water furrows. There is no reason why with proper
seeding at the right time the average crop of the
South should not be in excess of 30 bushels to the
acre. We know men who make from 50 to 60 bush-
els to the acre regularly. These men sow in Sep-
tember, prepare the land well, put the crop on good
land, and give it 3 or 400 pounds of acid phosphate
per acre. Another great reason for light yields i3
that enough seed is not sowed. Instead of sowing
only a bushel or a bushel and a half to the acre, twice
this quantity of seed should be sowed. Sowing 4
bushels of seed to the acre has given the highest yield
in a number of experiments, and in several of these
tests the covering of the seed with cultivators was
found to give better results than merely harrowing
the seed in. The application of phosphate in the
form of acid phosphate or Thomas slag gave an
increase of 100 per cent, in the crop.

Winter barley is being sown now in the Valley and
Northern sections of this State, and promises to be an
acquisition to our staple crops. It gives good winter
and spring grazing when sown early enough in the
fall, and ma"kes a good yield of grain. It should be
seeded in September on well prepared land, which
should be in a good state of fertility, as the crop calls
for more available plant food than oats if to be suc-
cesful. Acid phosphate applied at the rate of 300
or 400 pounds to the acre usually gives good returns
on the outlay. Sow at the rate of 3 or 4 bushels to
the acre.

In this issue will be found an article on the prepa-
ration for and seeding of the wheat crop, to which we
invite attention.

Rape and turnips may be sown yet with a fair
chance of making a crop if the fall be a normal one,
though it is getting late for these crops. If the win-
ter be a mild one the rape, if not grazed too closely,
will stand over and make good early grazing in the
spring, most valuable for ewes and lambs. Sow 3
or 4 pounds of seed to the acre broadcast and harrow
in lightly.

Do not waste time pulling fodder. Whilst blade

584

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

fodder is excellent feed when well cured, the cost of
pulling is too great with the present high price of

retain the rain as it falls for the service of the crop.
With a deeplv broken subsoil crops will not suffer

When it is

nW-T^KiasSitetAS

easily spoiled in the curing, and if pulled at the best
time' for making good fodder materially injures the
yield of corn from the crop. In numerous experi-
ments made in the South, it has been demonstrated
that the loss of yield in the corn made the fodder very
rostly feed. The blades can be saved just as well by
cutting the corn at the root and setting up in shocks
to cure, in this way saving both stalk and blades and
not reducing the yield of corn. Cut when the corn is
dazed and dented, and it will not shrink in the cur-
ing, and the stalks with the blades on them make ex-
cellent rough feed.

With the large amount of moisture in the land,
and the warmth of the weather, weeds will grow fast
on all stubble fields and newly fallowed land bee
that these weeds are cut off with the mower before
they bloom and make seed. They rob the land of
fertility and moisture, for which they make no return
except 'in providing work for another year in killing
them Leave the weeds as cut as a mulch, if not so
heavy as to smother out the clover or grass where the
stubble has been seeded with these crops. If a very
beaw cutting of weeds is made they may be cured
and "saved for feed. Whilst not very valuable for
this purpose, vet sheep and young stock will pick
them over and get some good from them. On newly
plowed land the weeds as they germinate should be
killed by harrowing the land when the sun is shining
Bnd thus a fresh lot of seeds will be brought near
enough to the top to germinate and be killed m like
manner. In this way a piece of land may soon be
1 of weeds.

Keep the plows at work breaking land intended
to be cropped next year. Plow deep and bring up
some of the soil which has not been exhausted of its

plan1 f 1. There is no risk in doing this at this

time of the year, as the Bun and air will have plenty
0f time to act upon this new soil and make it fit for
the suj.iM.rt of plants before the time for seeding
comes round. There is plant food in abundance in
nearly all subsoils for the profitable growth of large
crops for years to come. It only requires to be made
available by the action of the sun and atmosphere and
Bome lime. Subsoiling should also be done where the
subsoil is a good one^ or where there is a hard pan
underlying the surface soil. This will add to the
feeding ground of the crop and serve to catch and

realized as it ought to be that crops can only utilize
the food in the soil when in a state of solution in
water the importance of saving all the moisture pos-
sible becomes apparent. No crop takes its food m a
solid condition. Therefore, however abundant this
food may be in the soil- it cannot help to grow the
crop until dissolved in water. Make the soil and
subsoil loose and permeable by the rain and then
these will hold it like a sponge holds water, and the
roots of the plants will suck it out as they call for it.

Clean out all barns, sheds, outbuildings and pens
and put the manure on to thin places on the farm.
Brush down all the dust, cobwebs and trash and use
the lime wash brush freely in all places where live
stock is to be housed. Lime is a great disinfectant,
sweetener and destroyer of germs, and its use will
largely help to keep stock in a healthy condition
through the winter. Where buildings are in need of
repairs, have these attended to at once. It is worse
than useless to take stock up out of the pastures and
put them into buildings where they cannot be kept
dry and warm. They are better out of doors alto-
gether than housed in wet, drafty buildings. Have
the outside of the buildings either lime washed or
painted. In our July issue, on page 466, we pub-
lished a receipt for making whitewash for outside
use which will be found almost .as durable as paint.
If we could but persuade Southern farmers to spend
a little money in paint every year and apply the same
to their houses and barns they would enhance their
many times the cost of the paint in the eyes
of prospective purchasers, and would make them
much more homelike and attractive to those living in
or using them.

WHEAT SEEDING.

The preparation of the land for the wheat crop is
work that will call for constant attention this month.
Indeed, to secure the best results this work should, as
we stated in our last issue, have commenced in Au-
gust. During that month the land was in most sec-
tions of the South in fine condition for plowing and
working, and if advantage was taken of this as it
(.nght to have been, the land will now be getting into
good order for producing good results next year.
The importance of a perfect preparation of the soil
<for the wheat crop is not half appreciated as it ought

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

585

to be. Men who will carefully plow and work land
for the corn crop and who will then cultivate that
crop four or five times during its period of growth
will seed wheat on land that has been only once plow-
ed and once harrowed and will then complain if the
crop is not a good one. They entirely overlook the
fact that the whole cultivation of the wheat crop must
be done before the seed is sown, except possibly a
light harrowing in the spring, and this too often is
neglected. The perfect preparation of the land be-
fore seeding is much more important in the final
results than any fertilizer which may be applied to
the crop, for unless the land is finely prepared very
much of the fertilizer will never help the crop at all,
but be washed out of the soil by the winter and spring
rains. To be of help to the crop the fertilizer must
be closely assimilated with the soil, so that it shall
permeate every part of it, and this can only be possi-
ble if the soil be finely broken and thoroughly mixed.
The value of cultivation in securing a heavy yield of
wheat is illustrated by the success which followed the
old-fashioned method of seeding on a summer fallow.
We have seen crops of 40 bushels to the acre produced
after a summer fallow without the help of any fer-
tilizer, on land which, if not plowed until the fall,
would not produce 25 bushels to the acre, even with
fertilizer. In the former case the land was first
plowed in the spring, then harrowed, rolled and re-
harrowed and allowed to stand for ten days or a fort-
night. It was then reharrowed, rolled and harrowed
again. After standing another ten days or a fort-
night the harrowing and rolling was again repeated,
and later it would be cross ploughed and
harrowed and rolled repeatedly at intervals
until October. When seeded the subsurface
would be compact, but open enough to be
permeated by the roots and full of moisture, and the
surface soil as fine as a garden bed and without a
weed seed left to germinate. Wheat sowed on such
a preparation as this grew off at once and rarely
suffered from winter killing. In the spring it would
tiller out and cover the land, and unless the season
was a most unpropritious one, would make a full
crop. Whilst modern methods of rotation have
largely supplanted the old summer fallow as a prepa-
ration for wheat, there is much to be learned as to the
requirements of the crop from the old system. Early
plowing of the land and frequent harrowing and roll-
ing are essential to success. The subsoil must be
compact, yet permeable by the roots, whilst the sur-
face soil, say 3 or 4 inches deep, must be fine and
loose. Experiments made in different sections of the

country all unite in demonstrating that frequent cul-
tivation of the land before seeding is conducive to in-
creased yield, and that harrowing the crop in spring
after it has commenced to grow is highly beneficial.
Wheat calls for a liberal supply of all the three lead-
ing elements of plant food, nitrogen, phosphoric acid
and potash. A crop of 30 bushels to the acre, with
the straw takes from the soil 45 pounds of nitrogen,
22 1-2 pounds of phosphoric acid, 28 pounds of pot-
ash, and 10 1-2 pounds of lime. This quantity of
food at least must be available during the growth of
the crop, hence the land must be naturally fertile or
be artificially supplied with the food in the shape of
fertilizer of one kind or another. The lime and pot-
ash can be best supplied by a dressing of 25 to 50
bushels of lime to the acre applied as soon as the land
is plowed, and gradually worked into the soil during
preparation for seeding. The lime will make the
potash of the soil available. Experiments have
proved that whilst wheat calls for this quantity of
plant food, it does not call for it to any considerable
extent in the early stages of its growth. Wheat as-
similates its food mainly at the time of shooting the
ears and filling out the grain. For this reason a
slowly available phosphate like bone meal and slowly
available nitrogen like that derived from the decay of
a clover or cow pea crop usually gives better results
than more quickly available forms of these fertilizers.
Probably the best way to supply the phosphoric acid
is to use half bone meal and half acid phosphate, thus
continuing the supply practically over the whole
period of growth. The bone meal will give also a
sufficient supply of nitrogen to start the growth of the
plants in the fall. The nitrogen needed by the crop
is most cheaply supplied by planting on a clover or
cow pea fallow. Nitrogen from this source becomes
available in the summer at the time when the crop
calls for it most strongly. Experiments made in
various States have demonstrated that a cow pea or
clover fallow can increase the yield of a wheat crop
50 per cent, over that grown upon land which has not
grown these crops. These crops, however, require to
be used with discretion in their management or they
may actually cause a decrease in the yield. Espe-
cially is this the case with the cow pea crop. Its
immense production of vines may sour the land if
turned down in the late summer or early fall unless
lime is also applied, and imless the crop is turned
down very early, say at least six weeks or two months
before the wheat is sown the land will be rendered too
light and puffy for the best results. This may also
happen with clover if the growth is heavy. Where

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

wheat is to follow these crops they should be grazed
down or be cut for hay before being plowed down and
lime applied. We have had very frequent complaint
of failure to make a good wheat crop on a cow pea
fallow, and we believe that the main cause for this
was the puffiness of the land. This, however, does
not always follow, as in this issue will be found a
report of a crop of 40 bushels to the acre grown on a
cow pea fallow, but we do not advise taking the risk.
As a general principle, no better preparation for a
wheat crop can be adopted than the growing of cow
peas or clover or any of the legumes. By the adop-
tion of this system alone Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's
Bluff, has brought up land that would not grow wheat
at all ten years ago, so that it now produces from 30
to 40 bushels to the acre without the application of
fertilizer. Where wheat is grown on land lacking in
humus, and where neither cow peas nor clover have
been turned down, it is well only to apply part of the
nitrogen required at the seeding of the crop (say only
such part as will be supplied in a dressing of bone
meal) and then in the spring after the crop has started
to grow freely apply a dressing of 100 pounds -of
nitrate of soda per acre. The most important thing
in fertilizing a wheat crop is to supply an abundance
of phosphoric acid. If the land is lacking in this
element, then at least 300 pounds of acid phosphate,
or, better still, half acid phosphate and half bone meal
should be applied per acre and be well worked into
the soil.

Whilst it is important to get growth well started
before winter sets in, yet it is equally important not
to sow so soon as to incur risk of damage from the
fly. Wheat sown before frost has been felt is almost
certain to be injured by the fly, especially in sections
where the fly has been troublesome in the past. The
last week in September and fi^rst half of October is
about the best time to seed wheal in Virginia, and a
little later further South. Where fly has infested
the crop recently a trap crop ,,f wheat should be seed-
ed at once before the main crop is sown. Plow a
Strip of land on one side of the intended wheat field,
say a couple of yards wide and fifty yards long and
sow it with wheat and barrow in. If the fly is about
this will be quickly infested with if laying its eggs.
Before seeding the main crop plow this strip down
and roll it. and thus destroy both flies and eggs. If
every farmer would adopt this plan the Hessian fly
would soon be unknown. As to the variety to be
seeded. This should be largely determined by local
selection. A variety which has proved itself adapted
to a section is much more likely to succeed than one

introduced from a distance. Seed such a variety for
the main crop. Let new varieties be tested only ex-
perimentallv until their fitness has been proved.
Amongst old standard varieties Eultz and Fulcaster
still retain their reliable character. ' Amongst newer
varieties, Nigger, CurrelPs Prolific, Reliable, Poole,
and Harvest King are well spoken of. There is prac-
tically no difference between the yields of smooth and
bearded varieties.

Seed liberally. On land in good fertility a bushel
and a half of seed per acre has almost invariably
given better returns than a bushel. At the Ohio Ex-
periment Station this year in 8 out of 18 tests 10
pecks of seed gave a larger yield than a less amount
of seed, and in only one of the eighteen did six pecks
give the largest yield. On thin land two bushels of
seed at least should be sowed.

TESTS OF VARIETIES OF WHEAT.

At the Pennsylvania Experiment Station variety
tests of wheat have been conducted for many years.
In tests made of five varieties — Reliable, Fulcaster,
Dietz Longberry Red, Ontario Wonder and Fultz —
for fourteen years, Fulcaster gave the best yield,
nearly 31 bushels per acre. Fultz made nearly 28
bushels per acre, and Reliable 30 3-4 bushels.

PENNSYLVANIA POTATO TALK.

Editor Southern Planter:

The potato (in the South called the Irish potato,
Solamun tuberosum) at the discovery of America by
Columbus was found growing wild on the mountains
of South America, and was also cultivated for food
by the natives of all the temperate parts of the conti-
nent from Chile to Granada. The Spaniards first
met with it in the neighborhood of Quito, where it
was under cultivation by the natives.

About 1553 Hieronymus Cardan, a monk, is be-
lieved to have been the first to introduce it from Peru
into Spain, from whence it passed to Italy and Bel-
gium. In 1563 John Hawkins introduced potatoes
into England from Santa Fe. About 1586 potatoes
were taken from North Carolina and Virginia to
Ireland and cultivated on the estate of Sir Walter
Raleigh, near the city of Cork.

A meal consisting entirely of potatoes is not a well-
balanced ration, being nearly devoid of nitrogen and
fat. Butter improves the ration, and drinking milk,
while eating fas is generally practiced in Ireland),
makes it still better. It is probable there is no crop

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

587

raised in this country that is more talked about among
farmers, or of tener discussed in the agricultural press,
than potatoes. They are a valuable crop raised on
every man's farm, in every part of the country, and
constitute a palatable and inexpensive food to be
found on every man's table at nearly every meal.

It may not be the ease elsewhere, but in this part
of northern Pennsylvania the best land for potatoes
is on the hills back from the river, where more bushels
are raised per acre, and generally of better quality,
than on the river flats. Ground can be too rich for
raising potatoes. I once plowed part of an old barn-
yard which turned up rather lumpy, but was got into
good, mellow condition by repeated harrowing. It
was planted with good seed at the proper season, and
cultivated as long as the tops would allow it. There
was an immense growth of tops, which fell down and
covered the ground. The tops were not so very large
in diameter, but of enormous length. I congratu-
lated myself that there would be an immense yield of
potatoes, but to my great astonishment when dug they
proved to be good for nothing. They were all small,
and but few in a hill. The strength of the soil and
the energy of the plants, seemed combined to make
only vines. Do you say there was too much nitrogen
in the soil ? The plants need not have taken any
more than they wanted to make a reasonable amount
of vines, and could have found an abundance of ma-
terials for the formation of tubers. In other places,
it may not be the case, but here I have always had
the best success in raising potatoes when planted as
early in the spring as the ground is dry enough to
work, say the latter part of April or the first of May.
Planted this early on well prepared soil and culti-
vated as long as possible without injury to the tops, a
fair crop of potatoes is reasonably sure. Late plant-
ed, when the rains come at the right time to save
tbem from drouth, would outyield the early planted ;
but the rains seldom come at that all-important period
of their growth, and the consequence is a light yield.
Moreover, the late planted is more liable to be at-
tacked by the bligbt. Last year a terrific blight
slruck potatoes in this region, and the tops of late
potatoes died as suddenly as if the thermometer had
dropped down to zero and the frost had frozen them
solid. My early potatoes were ripe when the blight
came and received no injury, my late ones when dug
had but few in a hill, and these were half rotten. I
have tried the "trench system" practiced by the late
Mr. Carman, of the Rural New Yorker, and will say
more potatoes can be raised by that system than by
any other I know of, but it requires considerable more

work, and is not well calculated for large field plant-
ing.

According to my experience, good sod ground that
has raised potatoes one year will raise a better crop
the next. I planted one acre of thick timothy sod
ground, broken up in the spring and well prepared.
The yield was fair, but the sod did not rot soon
enough to give them the full benefit of its riches. I
planted the same ground again the next season, and
broke up another acre of the sod ground adjoining it,
and planted both at the same time. Both received
the same tillage, and neither received any fertilizer,
but the acre that grew potatoes the year before was
much the best. We would suppose that a crop of
potatoes would extract from the soil some of its most
available constituents, and that the second crop not
finding so ready a supply of nutriment would have
been poorer than the first and poorer than the adjoin-
ing acre, which had been broken up that spring. This
experiment has been tried several times, and every
time with the result already described. There are
two ways to account for the anomaly. In the first
place, the ground planted again the second year was
in finer tilth than the sod ground, and also had the
benefit of the sod that had not fully decayed the first
season. J. W. Ingham.

SOME RANDOM NOTES.

CURING PEA VINE HAT.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am glad to see that this subject is being ven-
tilated in the Planter. The methods in the August
number, especially the plan of Prof. Soule, do not
materially differ from the method I have used for
years, and have often detailed. The fact is that cow-
pea hay, instead of 'being such a difficult thing to cure,
as many think, is really one of the easiest if not med-
dled with needlessly, and is stored before the leaves
get crisp. One point I think should be well brought
out. Never let the hay heat in the shocks, as the
leaves will then fall in moving i* to the barn. Now,
that the value of cow pea hay is coming to be recog-
nized, we hear from some that it is injurious to
horses. The same thing is insisted on by some in
regard to alfalfa hay, yet alfalfa hay is the sole
roughage of thousands of healthy horses, and I have
kept horses in the finest condition on pea vine hay as
the only roughage. A friend in the blue grass sec-
tion of Tennessee once wrote to me that he visited a
breeding farm there and, was shown the sleekest lot
of yearling colts he had ever seen. He remarked to

688

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

the manager, that ''our blue grass makes fine colts."
"No," said the manager, "blue grass is not in it, foi
cow peas made those colts." And it will always make
slick coats on mules or horses either.

HAIRY VETCH.

Your reply to Mr. Bush in regard to the hairy
vetch getting to be a weed reminds me of an answer
made by a friend in Maryland to the same question.
He said that the hairy vetch had doubled his corn
crop, and that any weed that would do this was wel-
come to a place on his farm.

INTENSIVE TRUCKING.

Our friend, Jeffers, makes rather a queer argument
against intensive trucking in winter by artificial
means. A gardener should not use skill or means
for growing crops out of season because some one in
a warm climate is growing the same crops. Up near
the great Northern cities men have built greenhouses
by acres for the purpose of producing tomatoes, cu-
cumbers and other things out of season, and the finer
quality of their product enables them to get larger
prices than the products in the warmer sections
bring. Right here in Raleigh I have grown toma-
toes in January and February, and have gotten much
larger prices for them than the Florida product was
bringing in our home market right alongside of them.
But Mr. Jeffers seems to think that we should do noth-
ing nf the sort, hut should lose the opportunity to
grow these things at a profit in the North and the
upper South, because the truckers in Florida are at
the same time sending an inferior product to market.
My notion has always been that a gardener should
use skill in his business and reap the reward of skill-
ful culture. We should get the best reward out of
our gardening we can, for we are gardening for our
own benefit, and not for others. The Northern
truckers were compelled to use skill and glass in the
competition with more Southerly growers, and they
have shown bow a very Bmall area may be made, by
the inve8tmen1 of capital and the use of skill in gar-
dening, to produce far larger returns than many times
the area in the open ground. The intensive work of
the New Bern growers is but the beginning of winter
gardening in the upper South, and it is a work that
is going to grow. With the increasing scarcity of
labor it is impossible for our truckers to crop I1
areas they did a few years ago in the open
and the concentration of capital and labor on a small
area under artificial heat is a necessity of the busi-
ness. Our growers are gardening for their own
profit, and if by liberal investment and skilful cul-

ture they can beat Florida there is no good reason
why they should not do so.

PEAR BLIGHT.

If there is anything thoroughly settled in regard to
plant diseases, it is that the pear blight is caused by a
microscopic bacillus, which grows downward from the
tip of a shoot destroying the young growing cells of
the so-called cambium layer. This bacillus has been
isolated, and it has been proven that if an artificially
grown specimen is inserted in the sap of a young
growing twig it will at once grow and produce the
disease. So that all this guess work about frozen sap
and sun scald is simply nonsense. The presence of
bacterial forms in the sap would not prove that they
were the cause, of course, but when a certain form of
these has been separated from all other forms present,
and this form has been introduced into the growing
tissues of the trees, and there continues to grow and
cause the blight, the evidence is too strong to be
longer doubted. If any one will watch his pear trees
closely he can detect the first start of the blight near
the ends of the twigs, and if then cut out ahead of it,
there will be no further blighting of that limb. But
if you wait till the leaves are dead and black a much
larger part of the limb will be killed. Then if the
dead shoots that are cut off are allowed to lie on the
ground, the next spring the diseased sap will exude
from cracks in the dead wood and the bees will be
attracted to it, and then they will carry the germs to
the blossoms on the trees and start another infection,
for it always starts at the blossoms or the most tender
shoots and grows downward. This bacillus is so
minute that 150 of them placed end to end would
make a line in length about the thickness of ordinary
writing paper. And yet they are so numerous in the
sap of a diseased limb as to make it look milky to the
naked eye. Therefore there is no longer any use to
waste time and thought on sun scald or any other
imaginary cause, for the cause is as well known as
that of small-pox or diphtheria, or any other germ
disease of animals or plants.

W. F. Massky, Editor Practical Farmer.

NUTRITIVE RATION OF PLANT FOOD IN THE SOIL.

DOSE IT INFUTKNCE OR CONTROL CROP YIELDS?

Editor Sdidhem Planter:

In your last T cited the reader the case of Mr. Z. J.
Drake, as proof ,,f the fact that, contrary to the teach-
ings of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, the great con-
trolling factor in the yield of crops is the amount of
plant food in the soil.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

.89

The above named gentlemen say : "It would appear
from the results given in this bulletin that plants can
and do yield ordinary crops (in fact, very "ordi-
nary"), though growing in media containing very
small traces of any plant food, while if the amount of
these plant foods is increased a thousand times, they
are unable to give corresponding increases in the
yield." Now, I do not wish to undertake the task of
proving that a "corresponding" increase can or will
always result from artificial plant foods, even when
applied systematically and intelligently, but what I
do wish to prove, and what I can readily, unmistak-
ably and incontrovertibly prove, is that their judicious
use will give an increase, and a very great and re-
markable increase, that no "cultural methods" or
"suitable crop rotation" or purely "physical condi-
tion" into which the soil could possibly be brought,
has ever accomplished or can ever accomplish in their
absence ; and this in spite of the statement of Messrs.
Whitney and Cameron that "practically all soils con-
tain sufficient plant food for 'good' (good thing they
did not say maximum) crop yields."

I will now enter into details in regard to Mr.
Drake's crop of two hundred and fifty-five bushels of
corn per acre, and how it was made:

"Late in February one thousand bushels of stable
manure and five hundred pounds each of manipu-
lated guano, cotton seed meal and kainit were broad-
casted on the acre and then plowed under. Follow-
ing the plow six hundred bushels of whole cotton seed
were strewn in the furrows. A subsoil plow was run
through a depth of twelve inches. The land was well
harrowed and the rows planted alternately March
2d, three and six feet apart,

"An improved strain of the common gourd seed
variety of Southern white dent corn was planted, five
to six kernels being dropped to each foot of the row.
Tr was planted in rows five inches deep, but covered
only one inch. At first hoeing the plants were thin-
ned to one stalk every five or six inches, the missing
spots replanted. On April 20th the six foot spaces
wore plowed and a mixture composed of two hun-
dred pounds each guano, kainit, cotton seed meal,
acid phosphate and bone was applied and hoed in.
On May 15th the three-foot spaces were plowed, three
hundred pounds of nitrate of soda sown and worked
in. On May 25th, two hundred pounds of guano
were applied in the wide spaces. Another applica-
tion of five hundred pounds of guano, cotton seed
meal and kainit was put on June 8th, and one hun-
dred pounds nitrate of soda June 11th.

"The crop was harvested November 25th, before

several reputable witnesses. It yielded seventeen
thousand four hundred and seven pounds of corn in
the ear, of which one hundred and forty pounds was
soft corn. Several tests showed that one hundred
pounds ear corn yielded eighty-two pounds shelled
corn, which made the yield two hundred and fifty-
four bushels, forty-nine pounds of shelled corn at
fifty-six pounds to the bushel, which, kiln dried, to
contain only ten per cent, water, wordd contain two
hundred and thirty-nine bushels."

Now, I am aware of the fact that agriculture is, as
yet, far from being an exact science, and that the
seeker after truth must be slow to reach positive con-
clusions, instead of jumping at them; but I cannot
help believing that the plant food added by Mr. Drake
to his contest acre was, in this instance, the "great
controlling factor" that influenced and controlled the
yield; and that, exceptionally favorable as the season
was, the half of the above yield would not and could
not have been obtained had said plant food not been
added.

Contrary to the teachings of Messrs. Whitney and
Cameron, when they roundly assert that "practically
all soils contain sufficient plant food for a good crop
yield," is the united experience of the entire farming
world, our own included. I, together with many other
practical men, experimenters and close observers, have
found that, however perfect Dame Nature may be in
her operations, she is proverbially slow in her pro-
cesses ; and her sons "art" and "science" have left
their venerable yet still highly revered ancestor so far
in the rear that she now has all she can do to keep in
sight of her young, active and progressive progeny.

Yes, this same progeny have discovered that even
the very richest and strongest of soils may be still
farther enriched and improved upon. Man's life
here below is altogether too short for him to fritter
it away in the vain effort of studying out "physical
factors the exact nature of which is yet to be deter-
mined." in their relation to crop yield, while there is
so much exact and positive data, reliable data at that,
the exact nature of which has already been worked
out.

Whenever a soil is well siipplied with plant food,
either natural or artificial, or both, whenever a soil is
well supplied with organic matter, whenever the crop
is adapted to the climate, good seed planted, the soil
moderately deeply prepared and the crops thoroughly
cultivated, with the rainfall neilher deficient nor in
excess of crop requirements and with climatic and
seasonal conditions favorable, success in the way of
maximum crop yields is assured. There is no mys-

590

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

tery about it. No "physical factor the exact nature
of which is yet to be determined."

The puzzle with the average agriculturist is not so
much to find out the various "physical factors" or
chemical or climatic or seasonal factors that influence
crop yields, as it is to bring as many of the favorably
influencing or controlling factors together as pssible
and bring them to bear on his own individual case.
Whal man has done, under similar circumstances,
can 1)0 done again, the puzzle being, how to bring
together those "similar circumstances." They seem
to be as elusive as are the undetermined "physical
factors" of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron.

Gomez, Miss. G. H. Turner.

THE WHOLE SYSTEM OF FARMING AS PURSUED
BY THE AVERAGE COTTON RAISER RADICALLY
WRONG.

"a. c. k." (A Chronic Kicker).

Editor Southern Planter:

It is neednesa for us to try to enlighten the cotton
raiser as to the system (or lack of system) pursued
by himself, his daddy, and his grand-daddy, before
him. They are all well posted along this line; they
have also seen the evil results following from this
system in the way of eroded, washed away and worn
out; fields, impassable gullies, depleted fertility, and,
as a perfectly natural result, annually decreasing
yields per acre, per hand, and per farm. Everything.
even down to the manufacture, sale and use of the
various improved implements, simply tends toward a
still greater and more complete depletion of the fer-
tility of our soils. What are we going to do about it ?
Is it not time to call a halt, and revolutionize a system
that has brought nothing but destruction in its train ?

Many good men have realized this destruction, as
evidenced by the various remedies proposed, as, for
instance, the "raising of live stock" of various kinds,
"diversification." etc.; all of which advice is good, in
some instMiices, hut utterly useless because impracti-
cable in others. Lei us take "stock raising," for in-
stance, which has been so often so extensively and so
strenuously advocated as a panacea, a cure for all the
ills of a poverty stricken soil, as well as of a poverty

Btricken "rural population." I. it a rei K for the

existing evil ' We deny it. If a remedy at all, is it
Of universal application (if not, it is a failure as
Buch i '. In many thousands of instances it is utterly'
and entirely impracticable ; and even if "practicable,"
would he without efficacy. In a country where cattle

can roam in the fields and pastures 300 Out of the 365
days in a year, thereby making their own living for
the 300 days, [g if t,, 1„, expected that a man should
build expensive barns, with cement floors, and keep

his cattle housed the biggest half of the year, feeding
them, watering them, and cleaning out their stables,
etc., just for the fun of handling a few extra loads of
manure annually I If so, where would be the ad-
vantage of living in a clime where forage is abun-
dant and shelter comparatively unnecessary. And if
this exceptionally favorable climate is taken the ad-
vantage of that could and should he taken where,
oh. where, is the benefit to the cotton fields from the
keeping of live stock as a fertilizer factory. Theory
is one thing, practical experience another ; aside from
a few dairy farms (where more or less feed was an-
nually purchased from abroad), we have yet to see
le instance where the fertility of the entire farm
was even maintained, much less increased by the
keeping of live stock.

For fully one-third of a century we have been en-
gaged in the raising of cotton as a "cash crop," but
while this is the case, we have always believed in and
practiced such a "diversification" of crops as should
lender us practically independent of the entire out-
side world, so far as the "necessaries," and even many
of the "luxuries" of life are concerned ; we also try to
raise a sufficiency of live stock of most all kinds to
abundantly supply the needs of our own individual
farm; we save the manure, but owing to pasturing
everything, even our meat boos, almost the entire
year, have but little to save, and from both an ex-
tended experience and extensive observation, know
that there are hundreds of thousands of our cotton
raisers in the same fix. The remedy, then, and the
only remedy for our depleted soils, or at least the
only remedy that is practicable alike to all, and of
universal applicability, is to so rotate our crops avS
that the same crop shall never be allowed to follow it-
self on the same land for two consecutive years ; and
to so arrange said rotation that fully one-third of the
total area planted shall lie devoted to some one of the
leguminous crops, as cow peas, clover or vetch. As
the leading object in the raising of leguminous crops
i- (or should be) the maintainance or increase of fer-
tility, the more luxuriant the growth of the recupera-
tive crop, the greater the amount of nlant food fur-
nished by it to the succeeding crop; hence to bring
about an increase of fertility in any given soil, it is
not sufficient simply to sow the land down to cow peas
or clover, hut everything should he done that can be
done toward ensuring the most luxuriant growth pos-
-ii'le, and for the furtherance of this object, the plants
rausl he fed. Each and all of the lejsruminous crops
are greedy consumers of potash and phosphoric acid,
and where these are deficieni (which is invariably the

<"i-e ill all old, well worn soils), hut little growth of
the recuperative crop will take place, hut little nitro-
gen will he attracted from the atmosphere, hut little
actual recuperation take place. When .300 to 600
pounds of a fertilizer containing 8 per cent, each of

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

591

both potash and phosphoric acid is applied to each
and every acre of cow peas planted, an increase of
from 50 to 100 per cent, in the yield of the succeed-
ing crop of cotton may be reasonably expected and
confidently looked for, even without the direct appli-
cation of fertilizers to the cotton crop ; but when, in
addition to fertilization of the peas, the cotton also
is fertilized direct with from 400 to 800 pounds of a
fertilizer analyzing about "3-8-4" for ordinarily fer-
tile soil, or "10-4" (omitting nitrogen) for very rich
soil (or those producing excess of weed) double speed
in fertilization is made, and the crop yield may be
doubled, trebled or even quadrupled.

Whilst there is great truth in what A. C. K. says
(ik to the bad system of farming amongst cotton
raisers, we cannot agree with him that live stock hus-
bandry is not largely a remedy for this. There is no
place in the whole world where live stock can be
raised, grown and fattened as cheaply as in the South
if a proper system be adopted and followed, and there
is no place so near to the largest and best markets of
the world for meat and dairy products. With such
a conjunction of circumstances, live stock husbandry
can be pursued successfully, and is bound to result in
improvement of the land and profitable crops. — Ed.

LARGE YIELD OF WHEAT IN HALIFAX CO., VA.
Editor Southern Planter:

An esteemed neighbor, Mr. Newton A. Tulloh,
made a very fine crop of wheat this year, the yield
surpassing anything I have ever known in the State.
He is so modest he will not write you himself, so I
venture to rise and write for the benefit of others on
how he secured such a phenomenal yield :

He seeded five acres, and the yield was a little over
forty bushels to one sown. From the five acres a
crop of clover was cut last year ; he then fallowed the
land with a four-horse plow, pulverized the soil with
disk harrows and then dragged it thoroughly and
sowed the land in peas, as every farmer ought to do,
tben fallowed the field preparatory to seeding it in
wheat. With the land thus nicely prepared the
wheat was sown. During the winter — which was an
exceedingly cold one — when the land was frozen, Mr.
Tnlloh would haul out his barnyard manure and
spread it over the field, thus saving it from the se-
verity of the cold.

There are many other farmers in our State who
can do as well doubtless, and I hope they will try.

Halifax Co.. Va. Samuel L. Adams.

We would refer readers to our remarks on the
proper preparation for a wheat crop in our article,
"Work for the Month." There is danger in plowing
down a pea crop as a preparation for wheat unless it
is done very early. — Ed.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Feed Value of Wheat, Rye and Oat Hay Compared
With Clover Hay— Feed Value of Buckwheat.

Will you, in your next issue (August), please give
the relative feeding ratio in protein, carbo-hydrates
and fat of wheat, rye and and oat hay, as compared
with good clover hay? Please give them separately
and not as a mixture of the three cereals. Please
give also the feeding value of whole buckwheat for
horses, cows and hogs as compared with corn and
bran. If you have or can procure any statistics from
which you could give the approximate weight of the
hay per acre of the cereals where the growth is me-
dium length you would confer a favor on

Richmond Co., Va. Inquires.

Although we have tables giving the analysis of
hundreds of different feeding plants, grains, tubers
and other food stuffs, and the reports of the analyses
made of different kinds of roughage at the various
Experiment Stations since they were established, we
cannot find amongst all these an analysis of the com-
position of wheat hay or rye hay. We find oat hay
cut when in the milk stage to contain 9.3 protein,
39.0 carbo-hydrate, and 2.3 fat. Eed clover hay con-
tains 12.3 protein, 38.1 carbo-hydrate, and 3.3 fat.
We will look further into this matter, and, if possible,
secure the information desired and publish later. We
have numbers of analyses of the grain, straw and
chaff of these cereals, but it is evident that as hays
they have been little investigated. Buckwheat con-
tains 10.0 protein, 64.5 carbo-hydrate, and 2.2 fat.
Corn, 10.5 protein, 69.6 carbo-hydrate, 5.4 fat. Bran,
15.4 protein, 53.9 carbo-hydrate, and 4.0 fat.

We have no statistics giving the average weight of
hay per acre made from the cereal crops, but should
estimate same at probably about two tons to the acre.
—Ed.

Yield of Rye in Virginia.

Referring to our editorial note m the August
Planter, about the yield of rye in Virginia, Mr. H.
L. Trollinger reports a yield this year on "Buena
Vista" Farm, in Pulaski county, Va., as follows:

Twelve acres rye threshed out 345 measured bush-
els, or an average of 28 3-4 bushels per acre; five
acres (adjoining) barley 167 bushels, or 33 per acre.
The rye and barley grew on a strip of branch bottom
containing 17 acres. The barley, before being cut,
looked apparently not very good (having been frozen

592

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[September,

out somewhat last winter), and the yield was a sur-
prise to us. The rye was as fine a stand as we ever
saw, and we expected 20 bushels per acre, but were
greatly surprised at the big yield. We think fully
20 bushels wasted and left on the ground by blowing
down and not cut by the binder. We got a good set
of clover and timothy with both the rye and barley.
Our average yield of rye has been for several years
about 12 bushels per acre. L. P. Stearnes.

Warwick Co., Ya.

Sun Cured Tobacco.

1. Can tobacco grown on gray land be sun cured
profitably in this section ?

2. Will it heat in handling and marketing?
Please give process for sun curing tobacco.
Campbell Co., Ya. C. A. Ferguson.

1. We doubt very much whether tobacco grown in
Campbell county Va., can be profitably cured as sun
cured tobacco. Attempts have been made in several
counties outside the sun cured tobacco section to cure
tobacco so that it would compete successfully with the
tobacco of the sun cured section, but the market al-
ways discriminates against it, claiming that whilst in
appearance it compares favorably, yet that it lacks a
"something" in use which can only be found in to-
bacco grown in Caroline and adjoining counties. We
do not advise the attempt. Grow a type of tobacco
suited to your section and cure accordingly and aim
to make it the best of that type, and it will sell on
its merits.

2. Genuine sun cured tobacco should be cured on
the scaffold in the field and finished off by air curing
in the barn. If properly cured it will not heat in
handling and marketing any more than tobacco cured
by fire. — Ed.

Alfalfa.

1. I have about three acres of river bottom sandy
and damp, but not wet. It also has sorrel. I have
it now in soy beans. Would you advise me to sow in
alfalfa I

2. Will the soy bean inoculate the ground for al-
falfa '. L. H. Harris.

Lee Co., Ya.

1. We have very little doubt but that the land
would grow alfalfa. When you have limed the land
and made it rich enough to grow alfalfa the sorrel will

lear. It is an evidence of the want of fertility
in the soil, and of an acid condition, which lime will
rectify.

2. The soy bean bacteria is not available for inocu-
lating for alfalfa. You must get alfalfa bacteria. —
Ed.

Inoculation for Legumes— Vetches.

1. Give methods of inoculating and bacteria cul-
tures for each of the principal leguminous crops, in-
cluding alfalfa and vetch.

2. Will the germ die in unimproved soil when no
fertilizer is used ?

3. What will the preparations cost and best place
obtained ?

4. What is the best paying variety of Pecan for
this section ? How far apart should they be planted
when set alone ? Also distance with pears between,
best fertilizer, and how much used locally ?

5. What do you think of vetch as horse food sown
in fall with rye or oats ?

6. Will this cure well when cut with binder and
allowed to stand in small shocks ?

7. Can a fair crop be raised on gray land (with-
out fertilizer), producing five barrels of corn per
acre?

8. Does it impoverish land growing this crop for
hav. and what is the value of vetch and rye grown on
such land for fallow ?

9. Will one or two subscribers answer this question
for a Western farmer subscriber, "Why is land so
cheap in this old country, so often spoken of as 'God's
Country' ?" Would like to have this answered fully.

Dinwiddle Co., Ya. C. A. L.

1. The bacteria for inoculating most of the legumi-
nous crops can be had from the Department of Agri-
sulture, Washington, free of charge. This means
that sufficient can be bad to inoculate the seed re-
quired to sow a small plot. After this plot has pro-
duced the particular legume inoculated for, then soil
from this plot can be used to inoculate seed for a large
area. The land is inoculated either by infecting the
seed with the bacteria by mixing same with some soil
and water and then mixing the seed with this or by
mixing same with soil and spreading the soil on the
land, and then sowing (he seed. Or the land may be
infected by getting a bag of soil from land growing
the particular legume desired and spreading this soil
on the land desired to be infected. One hundred
pounds of infected soil will inoculate an acre.

2. The bacteria will continue to increase in the
land if the particular legume to which it is peculiar
is grown on the land cither continuously or at no
greater intervals than two or three years. The pres-
ence of the particular crop and not fertilizer is es-
sential to the continuance and spread of the bacteria.

3. See reply to No. 1.

4. So few Pecans have been grown in this State
thai it is not possible to answer this question. The
growing of Pecans so far north as Virginia as a com-
mercial crop is yet only in the experimental stage.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

693

We would not advise any one to plant more than a
few trees as an experiment. We have reports of iso-
lated trees in different parts of the State bearing
freely, but whether they will pay when grown in large
orchards remains to be seen.

5 and 6. The Hairy Vetch and the English Vetch
both make excellent forage crops grown in mixture
with oats or rye, but especially with oats, which are a
much better feed than rye. The best way to harvest
the crop is to cut it with a mower like a hay crop and
cure like curing clover hay.

7. Land such as this would not produce a heavy
crop unless helped with some acid phosphate or ran
nure.

8. The growing of vetches improves land in so far
as they add nitrogen and humus to the soil, but they
like all the legumes are large consumers of phosphoric
acid and potash, and unless there is an abundance of
these in the soil or they are applied freely, the crop
will not make a heavy growth. They make good hay
and an improving fallow. — Ed.

Lime Spreader.

Please let me know where I can find a manufac
turer of a lime spreader, as I want to buy one.

Bedford Co., Va. A Subscriber.

The Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Co., Syracuse,
N. Y., and the Smith Manure Spreader Co., Chicago,
both of whom are referred to in this issue, make ma-
chines which will spread lime. — Ed.

Grubs in Nostrils of Sheep.

I have lately killed for food a number of lambs
that were dropped in April. They are fat and good,
but I find in the noses of each one or more grubs.
Can these grubs be removed or kept out in any way ?
I have them running in old pasture.

Bedford Co., Va. H. S. Hubbard.

The grubs found in the nostrils are the larva of the
sheep bot fly. This fly, which is almost like a small
bee, will be found buzzing about the sheep and caus-
ing them great alarm. They will seek to hide their
heads in bushes or grass, as they know instinctively
that the fly is seeking their nostrils to deposit the egg,
which almost immediately hatches into a grub. This
grub has a pair of hooks on its head, by which it
makes its way up the nostrils and attaches itself to
the membrane lining the cavity of the skull, where it
spends about three-fourths of the year, emerging when
fully grown and falling to the ground, where it makes
its way into the soil, and in the warm, early summer
changes into the fly which at once begins its work of
pestering the sheep. Unless the grubs are very nu-

merous they do not seem to cause the sheep much
injury. They are usually more a source of annoy-
ance, causing sneezing and restlessness than actual
injury. Many of the grubs are ejected by the snort-
ing and sneezing of the sheep. Sometimes, however,
the grubs get fixed so far back in the membrane of
the skull lining that they cannot be forced out, and
then cause brain trouble and serious danger to the
sheep. There is no practical means of completely
preventing the attacks of the fly. Tarring the nos-
trils of the sheep frequently during the summer is the
best that can be done. A mixture of tar and fish oil
is better than tar alone as a preventive. The grubs
may be usually removed by syringing the nostrils out
with a syringe made specially for the purpose, which
has a long bent tube or nozzle. A mixture of linseed
oil and turpentine in equal parts is injected through
this springe, and usually brings the grubs away.
Where the grubs become fixed in the skull and serious
danger is threatened and they cannot be got out with
the syringe, the operation of trepanning is resorted
to. This involves the cutting of a hole through the
skull bone and the removal of the grubs by means of
forceps. All sheep and lamb heads, from dead or
slaughtered sheep, should be burnt at once, as they
almost invariably harbor grubs, and the flies are
hatched from them and increase the trouble. The
syringe required can be obtained from dealers in
veterinary instruments, and probably from Marvin,
Smith & Co., of Chicago. — Ed.

Nitrate of Soda for Cabbage.

I have cabbage plants set for fall and winter use,
and wish to apply nitrate of soda, 300 pounds to the
acre in three applications. Please advise whether to
apply on top of soil or on one side of plant and then
cover. Have used light application of dry, ground
fish and kainit in drill. W. L. Russell.

Northumberland Co., Va.

Apply the nitrate down each side of the rows on
the top. It will melt as readily as salt, and find its
way to the roots without any cultivation. — Ed.

Protecting Hams from Skippers— Raising Chickens.

As you asked a remedy for keeping skippers
from hams and shoulders of hog meat, I will tell you
how we do. When the hams and shoulders are taken
from the pickle, place them on a table or board to
drain. Wipe them off with a cloth, take whole pep-
per and grind. Take good sorghum molasses and
rub over the flesh side with your hand, then put the
pepper over it, again rubbing with your hand, and
when dry bag them. When you want one for use
take it out of the sack and wash with soap and water.

594

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Then rinse off with clear water, hang up uncovered,
and you will have nice meat.

My way of raising chickens. When taken from the
nest, give them three swallows of water, feed them
cooked food six or seven times a day, giving pure
water twice a day. Never had any die of gapes.
Starvation and uncooked food cause gapes.

Wood Co., W. Va. Mrs. J. Y. Smith.

Vetch— Alfalfa.

1. Will you please let me know what kind of vetch
will be best to sow ? Expect to sow about the 10th of
September. Soil is medium light, What will be
the best kind of fertilizer to use, and how much to
the acre, and wouldn't it be well to sow some oats or
wheat with them to keep them from falling down, and
how much to the acre ?

2. I also wish to try a small piece of alfalfa.
When would be the best time to sow, and how much
to the acre? H. J. Eosbach.

Hanover Co., Va.

1. Sow Hairy Vetch from September to the middle
of October, and English Vetch from the middle of
October to the middle of November. Sow 25 pounds
oi Vetch seed and three-quarters of a bushel of winter
oats, rye and wheat in equal parts per acre. Apply
300 pounds of acid phosphate per acre.

2. Sow the first week in September, 25 pounds to
the acre. — Ed.

Soja Bean or Corn.

1. Can as many soja beans be raised to the acre as

corn ?

2. Are they as good a feed for horses as corn ?
3! Will they do as well to fatten cattle as corn ?

4. Which had a farmer and stock raiser best grow,
the soja bean or corn?

5. Is soja bean straw after they have been threshed
as good a feed as corn fodder ? W. M. Heatwole.

Rockingham Co., Va.

1. No. Soy beans will not usually make more
than 25 or 30 bushels to the acre.

2. They are valuable as a feed for horses, cattle,
sheep and hogs, but should not be fed alone. They
are rich in protein (the muscle and flesh forming
matter), and when fed with corn supply what that
grain lacks in this respect. Corn is a carbonaceous
food making fat and supplying heat and needs pro-
tein added to make it a complete feed. Much better
results will be had from feeding the mixture than
from corn alone.

3. See No. 2.

4. A farmer and stock raiser should grow both in
order to get the best results.

5. No. It is a harder and rougher feed and stock
have to become accustomed to it before they will eat
ii, freely. They are fond of it when used to it. — Ed.

Dehorning Cattie.

1. Is there any danger in dehorning old cattle ?

2. What is the best dehorner ?

3. When best time for the operation ? I never had
any experience dehorning. Have about fifty head to
dehorn before winter ; would be glad of any informa-
tion you deem necessary for a beginner.

4. Can you give me the address of some manufac-
turer of pure bone meal. R. M. Lewis.

Mecklenburg Co., Va.

1. No ; not unless done when flies are troublesome
and care is not taken to keep them out of the wounds.

2. The H. H. Brown Manufacturing Co., Decatur,
111., and M. T. Phillips, Pomeroy, Pa., both make
good dehorning instruments.

3. Either before flies have become troublesome or
after they have gone, but not in the coldest weather of
winter. Have some tar on hand and cover the stump
of the horn and around it with this after the horn has
been removed.

4. We do not know any local maker of bone meal,
but you will get it as cheap from the seedsmen who
advertise in the Planter as from the makers. — Ed.

Alfalfa.

I have four (4) acres in front of my home that I
am anxious to get into a permanent grass plat, and
alfalfa is my great desire, if this land can be made to
grow it. The soil is gray top soil and clay subsoil.
Two years ago when I bought it, it was in wheat,
Last spring it was well covered with stable manure,
which was well worked in. Then it was sowed to
peas, which made a tremendous growth. The vines
were cut for hay, and the roots and about six inches
of vine were turned under for green manure, having
been limed first to prevent souring. The plat was
then sowed, with disc drill, to winter oats, orchard
grass and clover, with 350 pounds bone meal to the
acre. I threshed 180 bushels of oats from this field
this season; b\it there is a miserable stand of grass;
and the field has been taken possession of by weeds.
Now, if I fallow and subsoil this plat now, harrow,
plough and reharrow several times, work in 20 bush-
els lime to the acre and 500 pounds bone meal and
sow 20 pounds alfalfa, thoroughly inoculated with
alfalfa bacteria from Agricultural Department, will
I be likely to get a good stand, if I sow alfalfa by the
first week in September ? Or, would you advise sim-
ply experimenting with one acre ? I am anxious not
to lose this year's time, and yet do not wish to put
the money in four acres unless there is a good chance

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

596

of getting a stand. Every one in this neighborhood
is interested in alfalfa and anxious to see some one
make a stand. Is acid phosphate as good as bone
meal for alfalfa ? L. L. L.

Pittsylvania Co., Va.

We are of opinion that if you treat this land as
you suggest that you will be able to get a good stand
of alfalfa. It is very probable that you may have
trouble with the weeds the first year, but if you take
care to cut the alfalfa several times, leaving the cut-
ting as a mulch we think that the growth of the alfalfa
will be vigorous enough to smother down the weeds, as
the land is in a good state of fertility. As a source
of phosphoric acid tbe acid phosphate is as good as
bone meal, but the bone meal is also a source of nitro-
gen, having 4 or 5 per cent, of that element, which is
not to be found in the acid phosphate. The phos-
phoric acid in bone meal is slower in action than that
in acid phosphate, and is therefore more desirable for
a grass or clover crop, which will hold possession of
the land for a number of years. — Ed.

Breed of Sheep for Low Country— Winter Oats.

1. I am making arrangements to start a small flock
of sheep on a farm in Wicomico county, Md. I want
a breed that will shear well, and that will mature a
good crop of lambs each season for our local market.
Of course, it is my intention to give the flock the best
attention. I have a theory that all breeds of sheep
do best in a high altitude. Am I correct in this. If
so, is there a breed that flourishes to a greater extent
than all others in a flat country such as the Maryland-
Delaware- Virginia peninsula is ? Such a breed would
Tie the one for us, I think.

2. Would winter oats be a safe crop to seed in this
latitude, which is about the same as that of Culpeper
and Stafford counties, Va. ? If so, what varieties
would best suit the conditions. Spring seeded oats
do well here, but so far as I know, there never has
been a trial of winter oats in the county. What is
the superior advantage of winter oats over spring
seeded oats ? C.

Wicomico Co., Md.

1. You are no doubt correct in believing that
nearly all breeds of sheep do best in a moderately
high, rolling country. To do well sheep must have
dry feet and dry sleeping quarters. In England
there are two or three breeds which have been accli-
mated to low lying sections of the country, but they
are practically unknown here. In our opinion the
breed which will best meet your conditions is the
Shropshire. They have become thoroughly accli-
mated in this country, and breed lambs that always
eel! well on any market. They make a good fleece

and good mutton. They do well in Eastern Virginia
when properly cared for, and we think cannot fail to
do so in Maryland.

2. We know of no reason why the Virginia Gray
Winter Oats should not succeed in your section. Your
climate is very like that of sections where they do
well in this State. The advantage of the winter oat
is that it makes a better yield of heavier oats than
spring varieties do in the warm climate of the South.
It grows and matures in the cooler part of the year,
and, the oat being naturally a cool climate crop, this
one best suits our climatic conditions. — Ed.

Home Brewed Beer.

Can you give me, through the columns of the
Planter or otherwise, a receipt for making the old-
fashioned English home brewed ale and beer. This
is more a question of the home comfort of the agricul-
turist than it is of advancement in agriculture, but I
trust you will consider it within the province of your
paper to replv. W. H. Calhoun, Jr.

Ashe Co., N. C.

When a boy at home in the "Old Country," "brew-
ing day" was as regular an event as "baking day."
Home brewed beer was always on draft in the cellar
! and served on the table at dinner time every day.
This was the custom in the homes of both rich and
poor in my county. This#is now so long ago that I
have forgotten the proportions of water and malt
used. This, however, I do know, that the proportion
of water used was large for the quantity of malt, for
no one was ever known to become intoxicated with
the beverage, and yet it was wholesome and nourish-
ing. The only ingredients used in making the beer
were barley malt, hops and water, and it was fer-
mented with yeast, the custom being to save yeast
from one brewing to another for this purpose. The
malt was put into the mash tub, and water, which had
boiled and then just had the boiling checked with a
dash of cold water, was poured upon it, and the mash
allowed to stand an hour or so, when the liquor was
drawn off into another tub and put into a large fixed
iron pan with a fire under it and boiled for a certain
time, a few pounds of hops being added to give it a
slightly bitter taste. After boiling the liquor was
cooled, strained, and then set to ferment in a large
tub, yeast being added to start the fermentation.
After fermenting 24 hours the beer was then put into
barrels and kept in the cellar, where it was cool, be-
ing drawn from as required. — Ed.

Frog Farming

Can you give me any points about frog raising,

596

and whether it would be remunerative? I live on aj
large farm, and think I might utilize a piece of
swamp land, and as I live about fifty miles from
Washington, thought there might be demand for frog
legs at the large hotels. A Subscriber.

Favquier Co., Va.

We must frankly confess that we know nothing
about frog farming or its potentialities for profit.
Possibly some of our readers may know something
about it. If so, please reply. — Ed.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Vinegar.

Can you or your readers tell me how to keep vine-
gar to have it strong for a long time ?

Chesterfield Co., Va. H. Dewhurst.

The vinegar after it is sour should be drawn off
into clean casks or bottles and be sealed up tightly,
and it will keep its sourness indefinitely. — Ed.

Removing Stumps.

Could you please give me advice in the September
issue of the Planter as to which is the safest and
cheapest way to blow out stumps, mostly white oak,
from 10 to 20 inches in diameter, trees having been
cut down for several years. Should you advise dyna-
mite, then please let me know how same must be
handled and where it can be bought, and in what
amount and price. » A Subscriber.

Lunenburg Co., Va.

Dynamite is the safest, surest and cheapest means
to use to remove stumps. Twenty cents' worth of
dynamite will remove any one of such stumps as you
mention when properly applied. It requires some
practice, however, to know where best to place the
charge. Usually the best way is to bore a hole into
the stump near the ground and between the main
roots. Use an augur with a lang shank and bore the
bole about one-eighth of an inch larger than the
diameter of the cartridge of dynamite, so that it will
go in easily. One cartridge is usually sufficient, but
in an old, large stump two are more certain. Bore
the hole well into the centre of the stump. Before
inserting the cartridge insert the exploding cap and
and then push the cartridge home and tamp
solid with soil, tamping gently at first and more
firmly as the hole is filled. Let the fuse extend a foot
or eighteen inches beyond the hole, .and after lighting
it get 100 yards away. It is as safe an explosive as
can be used, and with ordinary care in handling no
accident need occur. Write Southern Railway Sup-
ply Co., whose ad. you will find in the Planter, for
price of dynamite, telling them the purpose for which
vmi want it. — Ed.

Staining a Floor.

I have a pretty white pine floor in my house. I
find it next to impossible to keep it clean.

1. Please tell me some good preparations for color-
ing floors. I prefer something that will not make
i hem very dark ?

2. How much must I get for a room 18x20 feet.

Mrs. W. T. Henley.

King and Queen Co., Va.

The paint and drug stores sell staining of various
shades for this purpose. Write the Tanner Paint &
Oil Co., Richmond, for particulars of these and quan-
tity necessary. Say we referred you to them. — Ed.

Johnson Grass.

Next spring I propose to put in Johnson grass sev-
eral acres of my farm, and in the meantime would
like to get the experience of others who have grown
this grass north of Richmond, Va. What I wish par-
ticularly to ascertain is the effect of our northern
Avinters upon it. Will it withstand our frost ?

District of Columbia. R. S. Lacy.

Will some reader who has had experience in the
section referred to please reply. We know there are
numbers of farmers in that section who have tried the
Crass. — Ed.

Seed Oats and Wheat.

Please answer in next issue whether it is better to
sow now the winter oat from the fall or spring seed-
ing, and if it would not pay to get our seed wheat
from a limestone section ? Can you recommend a
person or locality from whence same can be procured ? ,

Meclderiburg, Co., Va. C. B. Crowder.

Sow winter oats from a fall seeded crop. It would
probably pay to get seed wheat from a limestone sec-
tion, if not too far away from your section. The
best crops are usually made from seed acclimated to
the section where grown. See our advertising col-
umns for the names of parties offering seed wheat
and oats. — Ed.

"Can Alfalfa Be Made Into Good Silage?"

The above question asked you in the July South-
ern Planter is fully answered in Farmers' Bulletin,
No. 124, which can be obtained by writing to U. S.
Department of Agriculture. This bulletin says it
can. R. L. Waldrop.

Mabelton, Va.

The bulletin referred to contains a report of a
small experiment made at the Colorado Station,
which was a comparative success. There does not
appear, however, to have been any practical work on
this line on a large scale anywhere. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

597

Grass Seeding.

If convenient and space permits, would like to have
you advise, through the Planter, the best method to
put about 100 acres in grass for pasture this fall, if
possible; 30 acres upland wheat stubble, 50 acres up-
land oat stubble, 20 acres bottom, in corn now. Some
very poor spots we intend to manure. It is quite a
distance from the barns, so will probably have to use
fertilizer and lime on all of it except probably the
bottom land. Any advice you can give us will prob-
ably interest others, as a great many in this section
intend to seed down pasture. Would also like to
know the best seed and quantity for permanent pas-
ture. The soil is rather heavy, part red, part gray,
clay subsoil. Elkton Stock Farm.

Bedford Co., Va.

In our August issue in the article "Work for the
Month" we wrote somewhat fully on the subject of
seeding to grass, and to this article refer the enquirer.
The wheat and oat stubble can well be seeded this
fall. It ought, if possible, to be done this month, so
that the crop may get well started before winter.
Prepare the land as finely as possible by plowing and
frequent working with the harrow (the cutaway or
disc is best), roller and smoothing harrow. Apply
lime, say from 25 to 50 bushels to the acre, after
plowing and work this in. Then just previous to
sowing the seed apply from 3 to 500 pounds of bone
meal to the acre, and work in. Sow grass seeds alone
without a grain crop, and cover lightly by rolling if
dry enough, followed by the smoothing harrow. For
pasture mix orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass,
herds grass, meadow fescue, Virginia blue grass and
perennial rye grass in equal parts by measure and
sow at the rate of 3 bushels to the acre, adding also
5 pounds of alsike or red clover per acre. The corn
land cannot be seeded with a fair prospect of success
this fall. Sow it in crimson clover, wheat, oats and
rye mixed for winter and spring pasture. Plow
down in spring and sow to peas and then sow grass
in the fall.— Ed.

duction of stalk at the expense of the ear. This ten-
dency it is desirable to counteract by selection. The
tassels of all barren stalks should be cut off before
they disseminate pollen. If this practice was con-
sistently followed by all corn growers the percentage
of barren stalks in corn crops could be rapidly reduced
and the yield of crops be largely increased. — Ed.

Selection of Seed Corn — Barren Stalks.

If there are two or more ears of corn on a stalk,
would the top or bottom ear make the best seed ? and
ilnos it make the seed worse to allow stalks that have
to— els and no ears to remain in the field, or should
they be cut out ? W. H. Clark.

Put rich Co., Va.

It is usually best to select the bottom ear as seed
from this ear is likely to induce the habit of earing
nearer the ground and reducing the height of the
corn. All corn grown in the South has a tendency to
grow too tall, thus expending plant food in the pro-

Patent Fertilizer Lime.

Will you please advise me through the columns of
your paper as to the advisability of using "patent
process fertilizer lime," as per enclosed pamphlet, in
the place of acid phosphate and potash, on a pea stub-
ble for wheat ?

What relation has this lime to the old agricultural
lime and to land plaster, as to results or action on the
soil ? If the same, is the quantity suggested, 250
pounds per acre, sufficient? What would be the re-
sult if used with other fertilizers \ A Subscriber.

Cidpeper Co., Va.

The Ohio Experiment Station has conducted ex-
periments with this so-called hydrated lime in com-
parison with common lime, and reports as follows:
"We have as yet no reason to believe that the so-
called 'fertilizer lime' possesses any virtues not found
in common lime."

Lime is not strictly a fertilizer, and cannot be
made to take the place of plant food in the form of
manure or fertilizer. Its beneficial effects arise from
its power to make inert plant food in the soil avail-
able, and to its action on the physical and mechani-
cal condition of the soil. Lime in any form should
not be used immeidately in connection with commer-
cial fertilizers or farm-yard manure. Used in con-
nection with fertilizer it has the effect of reverting
the phosphoric acid into an insoluble form, and in
connection with manure of releasing the ammonia. —
Ed.

To Prevent Skippers in Hams.

I see several inquiries in the Southern Planter
as to keeping skippers out of hams. For sixteen
years I have cured from one hundred to one hundred
and fifty hams per year, and have not had a skipper
on any of them. When you take the meat out of the
salt to hang it, clean off the loose salt and apply pul-
verized borax to the cut parts freely. Skippers will
not bother the meat if kept in a light smokehouse.
I A large baking powder can' with holes in the top is a
good thing with which to applv the borax. I have
never had any complaint from my customers, and the
hams do not show that the borax has been used, and
it is not injurious. All the farmers in this section of
the country use this remedy, and there is very little
loss from skippers. Alexander Black.

Montgomery Co., Va.

598

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The work of harvesting and storing or shipping the
various fruit and root crops will require constant at-
tention this month. Do not allow fruit to hang on
the tree until it has become overripe, nor allow root
crops to remain in the ground after they have ma-
tured. The sooner they are gathered after they are
ripe or matured enough to keep the better they will
keep through the winter and the nicer condition they
will be in when shipped to market. All fruit and
root crops pass through a "sweat" after they are gath-
ered, and they should not be stored for winter keeping
until this "sweat" is over. Place them under cover
in any airy, dry place in small piles or heaps until
they have ceased to sweat, then carefully sort them
over and take out for immediate use all damaged
specimens or those giving indications of early decay.
Only perfectly sound fruit or tubers of any kind
should go into winter storage or be shipped to market.
Apples and pears keep best stored in slatted bins or
ventilated barrels in a dry, airy room, where an
equable temperature well above the freezing point
can be maintained. Irish potatoes, turnips, beets,
mangels and carrots keep well stored in dry cellars
well covered with straw, or made into pies or kilns on
high dry ground, and well covered with straw and soil
sufficient to keep out rain and frost. Onions keep
best stored on slatted shelves in a dry, airy room or
shed, where the temperature will not go down below
the freezing point. Sweet potatoes require to be kept
at about 45 or 50 degrees, and should be well dried
off by a higher temperature than this before being
closed up for the winter. In the absence of such a
warm cellar as this, they may be kept in kilns or pies
well' packed in pine tags or dry sand and covered
thickly with straw and soil.

Prepare the land for and sow kale and winter
spinach in the place where the crop is to grow to ma-
turity. These crops do not require the land to be
over rich or they make too tender a growth to stand
the winter frosts, yet they require a fair supply of
plant food to push them into growth in time for early
shipping North or for home use in the early winter
months. Sow in drills 2 feet apart and do not sow
too thickly.

The fall crop of cabbages and broccoli should be set
out and pushed in growth by cultivation and the ap-

plication of a top dressing of nitrate of soda, 100
pounds to the acre. They should begin to head up in
October and complete their growth by November.

Seed should be sowed towards the end of the month
for the crop of early spring cabbages. The best va-
riety to sow is Early Jersey Wakefield. Do not make
the seed bed too rich. Short, stout, stocky plants are
what is needed, ready to set out in October and No-
vember.

Potato onion sets should be planted out this month
on rich, well prepared land. Set in rows 15 or 18
inches apart and 6 or 8 inches apart in the rows.
These make the earliest green bunch onions for
spring, and a crop of dry onions which will mature
for market before any of the seed varieties.

Seed may be sowed towards the end of the month
in beds to raise plants of the different seed onions for
setting out in the spring. Sow the seed thinly.
Southport White Globe,' Pearl, Yellow Danvers and
Red Wethersfield are good varieties.

Seed should be sown in beds to raise lettuce plants
for setting in cold frames for winter cutting and for
plants for spring planting. Sow where the plants
can be protected by mats or brush in winter.

Strawberry plants may be set out in this and the
following month. Prepare the land well and give it
a good coating of farm-yard manure, 300 pounds of
cotton seed meal and 300 or 400 pounds of acid phos-
phate and 100 pounds of muriate of potash to the
acre. Set, the plants in rows 18 inches apart and 15
inches apart in the rows. Make the holes large
enough for the roots of the plants to be well spread
out and press the soil firmly to the plants, leaving the
crowns of the plants just above the level of the soil.

Clean up all trash, vines and vegetable refuse, and
either burn the same or compost with hot farm-yard
manure, so as to destroy weed seeds and fungous
germs.

Sow crimson clover or hairy vetch on all land not
wanted for winter crops, so as to conserve and improve
the fertilitv of the land.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

599

HISTORY OF THE PEACH.

Editor Southern Planter:

The peach has an interesting history. Whence
came the long list of over 300 varieties we now have
in cultivation ? Why is it that we have varieties now
in cultivation peculiarly adapted to the citrus belt, but
will not fruit at all in more northern climates ? Also,
why is it that we have varieties hardy in bud and sure
bearers in the middle States, but will not bear at all
in the citrus belt ? The reasons are clearly brought
out in the story of the peach's history. Therefore
this history is not only interesting because it is about
one of our most important luscious friuts, but also
because most important lessons in regard to the cul-
ture of the peach may be learned from its history.
We have made a classification of the peach into five
races, based largely upon the origin and history of the
varieties. Since this classification became known
more sure bearing orchards have been planted in the
Southern States, where peach culture is now develop-
ing most rapidly.

The origin of the peach is shrouded in mystery.
One author states that it was evidently in the "Garden
of Eden." It was known to Theophratus 332 years
B. C. Its congenor, the almond, is mentioned in the
Bible as occurring in the days of Jacob. Alphonso
de Candolle claims that the peach originated in China
instead of Western Asia, as commonly supposed. Im-
portations of peach stones, he claims, from China into
Bokhara and Persia very possibly took place. That
the peach originated from the almond, as advocated
by Knight, is refuted by De Candolle on the ground
of botanical differences and geographical botany. "It
was brought from Persia to Italy by the Romans in
the time of the Emperor Claudius."

The history of the peach really begins with the im-
portation of this fruit into Italy, where a considerable
quantity of it was .grown at the beginning of the
Christian era. It was cultivated in Britain in 1550,
and was brought to the United States about 1760.

Peach trees were found growing wild in Arkansas
by Nuttall in 1812. The first effort to start a good-
sized peach orchard in the United States that I find
any account of, was made by Mr. Bayley, of Acco-
mac county, Va. He planted 6,300 trees in an or-
chard. The next commercial orchard was planted in
Delaware in 1832 by Isaac Reeves and Jacob Ridg-
way, near Delaware City. Earlier varieties of the
Alexander type were introduced in the seventies, and
they encouraged the peach indiistry greatly. In a
few sections of Michigan and Delaware the peach in-
dustry developed rapidly until the dreaded "peach

yellows" was first recognized in 1867. In 1880
many pioneers in peach culture at St. Joseph and
Benton Harbor had their orchards laid waste by "yel-
lows," and they gave up in despair. Large orchards
were destroyed in Delaware by yellows in 1890.

Many of the large experiments with peaches were
made in the Northern States with what we call the
"Persian Race" of peaches. In the meanwhile a
most important evolution was taking place in the
South, about which little was being said. The "Per-
sian Race," the meaning of which I will explain later
on, proved to be very unreliable in the South. In
fact, in some States, it scarcely bore at all. Peach
stones were imported from other countries with the
hope of getting something better. From these im-
portations new races have sprung into existence that
are now revolutionizing peach growing in the North-
ern as well as in the Southern States. Enterprising
nurserymen and individual growers were trying to
find varieties better suited to the Southern tier of
States. Numerous seedling trees were grown from
trees that fruited at home and also from seed obtain-
ed from China, Australia, England, France and
Spain. Here and there the best trees that fruited
from the seedlings were saved. In some instances the
foreign trees were grown near the native trees and
nature crossed them. Seedlings from these crosses
were fruited and varieties were prodxiced that sur-
passed everything in the peach line known in the
world's history of the peach before. They are still
being produced every year. It is too early to write a
full history of the peach along this line, since we are
in the midst of a great evolutionary period. Peach
orchards on a gigantic scale are being set. It took
over a eentury to learn that the peach from Persia
was not well suited to the Central and Southern
States. A peach orchard of 9,000 acres is being set
in Texas, and when completed, will be the largest
peach orchard ever known in the world. The races
of peaches that make such large orchards possible as
a financial enterprise at this time should be under-
stood with clearness.

We divide the cultivated varieties of peaches into
five distinct races. (The botanical characteristics of
these five races are described in detail by the author
in Bulletin No. 36, Texas Experiment Station.)

The differences in these five races have been
brought about by the varieties having been grown so
long in widely different climates.

The Persian race originated in the high altitudes of
Persia. Hence, many of these varieties are not at all
suited to climates where the temperature seldom goes

600

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

down as low as 25 degrees E. Some of the varieties
are tender in bud. Such varieties as Alexander, Old
Mixon, Stump and Crawford belong to this race. For
nearly two centuries varieties belonging to this race
were the only ones planted in the United States.
Therefore the many failures made (especially in the
Southern States) can be readily accounted for. It is
probable that we may find varieties from another race
less susceptible to attacks of yellows and rosette than
varieties belonging to this race. If so, the many
waste places in the North where orchards now have
been laid low by these dreaded diseases may be made
to bloom crimson and pink again with the peach each
recurring spring. This is a line of experimental
work certainly worth trial in such localities.

The Xorth China race is by far the most important
one known to the peach world. The Chinese Cling
(Shanghai), which is the mother of the race, was
brought over from China by Chas. Downing, through
Mr. Winchester, the British Consul at Shanghai. Air.
Henry Lyon, of Columbia, S. C, to whom Mr. Down-
ing sent a potted tree, was the first to fruit it in 1850.

A second importation was made by Dr. William A.
W. Spottswood, of the United States Navy, in 1860,
and the peach stones were presented to Judge Camp-
bell, of Pensacola, Ela. From this importation
originated Lee, Stonewall and Spottswood varieties.
Afterward, Air. P. J. Berkmans and his father ob-
tained a full set of the varieties from Air. Campbell
and began to experiment with this race. They origi-
nated and introduced many valuable varieties. There
are other noted varieties that came from this race,
such as Carman, Mamie Ross, Family Favorite, etc.,
but the most noted of them all is the Elberta. It
beads the list of all American varieties of peaches,
and has proved to be a most wonderful stimulus to
orchard planting in the United States. It originated
from Chinese Cling seed planted in 1870 by Samuel
H. Rumph, Marshallville, Ga., and was named after
Mrs. Clara Elberta Rumph. While this race comes
much further south than the Persian race, still the
amount of Persian blood in the Elberta carries it well
up into the Northern peach belt.

The Spanish race was developed in the Southern
States from seed brought over from Spain. So far
I have been unable to find definite statements in re-
gard to the history of this race. It is commonly
called "native peach," in many of the Southern
States. Such varieties as Cabler, Columbia, Gal-
veston, Texas and Victoria belong to this race. Some
of the red streaked varieties were grown by the In-
dians, and hence, in some Southern localities, such

varieties are called "'Indian peaches." These varie-
ties bear heavily, and come further South than those
of the Xorth China race. The name "Spanish Race"
was given because this group came from Spain to the
United States.

The South China race has been developed from the
honey peach. From all I can learn, the honey peach
was imported from China by Chas. Downing at the
same time the Chinese Cling variety was, in 1850.
The original potted tree never fruited with him, but
when a budded tree from it was sent further South
and placed in the care of the late Henry Lyon, Co-
lumbia, S. C, it bore fruit. Later, the variety was
placed in the hands of P. J. Berkmans, Augusta,
Gra., and the only stock was held by him until 1858,
when it was sent out the first time. The variety did
not fruit well at Augusta, Ga., but when sent further
south into Florida and Texas it bore well. The Cli-
max. Coleman, Early China and Pallas are varieties
that have come from this race. They fruit well in
the extreme Southern States. Honey is supposed to
have developed in Southern China, hence the name of
the race.

The Peen-to race grows best in the northern part of
1 the citrus belt. The original Peen-to variety was im-
ported from Australia by P. J. Berckmans in 1869,
but it it came originally from China, where it is still
well known. Angel and Waldo varieties are the most
noted varieties belonging to this race. This race is
supposed to have originated in a very warm climate
of China, and it comes further south in the United
States than any other peach. Consequently, bearing
peach orchards are now growing further south, where
it was impossible to produce the peach with other
varieties before.

We have our bearings now. Lasting foundations
for successful peach culture in the United States have
at last been laid. We can now cross varieties and
plant varieties intelligently for certain latitudes.
The great commercial peach orchards that are now
being planted in the United States have been made
possible by such men as Chas. Downing, Henry
Lyons, P. J. Berckmans and Samuel H. Rumph.
These men have done work that blesses humanity with
ench recurring peach harvest. Northern peach grow-
ers are taking new courage and are planting peach
orchards south as a result of development of sure
bearing varieties. Golden harvests await intelligent
peach planting in Virginia. Let us not forget such
important early efforts that laid the foundations upon
which we are building. R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

601

Live Stock and Dairy.

STOCK FARMING IN THE SOUTH.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am much interested in the article in your July
number on the "Dual Purpose Short Horn," followed
by the comments made by Prof. Massey in your Au-
gust number.

Just a year ago I devoted the time usually spent
on my annual vacation in Europe, to visiting many
of the leading herds of cattle in England ; those alike
of tenant farmer and of landed proprietor. As there
seems to be some misapprehension as to the meaning
of the word "Tenant Farmer," just one word by way
of explanation. It does not necessarily signify what
the term to some might convey; a small farmer of
limited means, but simply conveys the idea of one
who for some reason or other rents the land which he
occupies. Eor instance, Mr. Taylor, of Cranford,
Middlesex county, to whom you refer in your article,
is a gentleman farmer, who regularly hunts with
Lord Fitzharding's hounds, and owns a very large
herd of pure bred Short Horns, with which he sup-
plies milk to the nearby market of London. He
rents, like many another, because it is impossible in
many instances in England, either on account of the
disinclination of owners themselves or through family
trusts, to break the tenure of the land immediately
adjacent to great cities.

At the time of my trip, I proposed — a plan which
has since materialized — to own a farm in Virginia.
I sought on my travels to find just such an animal as
you describe in your article, what I may call a "Far-
mer's Joy" — a grand milker during life and a fat
carcass at death.

In search of information and through the kindness
of friends, I visited many herds, including that of
His Majesty at Windsor, where Short Horns and
Herefords for beef purposes flourish, Lord Roths-
child's herd at Tring Park, where the milch cow
reigns supreme ; and also the herd of Mr. Taylor, of
Cranford, whose sale some months later of milking
Short Horns you refer to.

Other herds of beef and milking strains, but less
noted, were inspected by me, but as two of these are
certainly conducted for profit — Lord Rothchild's and
Mr. Taylor's — and as they represent the class, re-
spectively of land owner and tenant farmer, I need
not enumerate further as to my opportunities for ob-
servation. The one fact that stood out prominently
as the idea dominant with the individual breeder was
that all of the great establishments specialized, and
that those developing beef cattle strove for that object

alone, in many instances using other cows to make
up for the paucity of milk of the fleshy parent, and
on the other hand, the milch herds rearing their
calves on skimmed milk for milking purposes; and
that in the sporadic cases, where beef and milk were
attempted to be combined, better results would have
been attained had one object alone been essayed.

In reply to comments made along this line of rather
an inquiring character, so great, an expert, both of
Short Horn and of Jersey cattle as Mr. John Thorn-
ton, of London, whose portrait is about to be pre-
sented to him by the Short Horn Society for servicer
rendered the breed, sagely remarked, that one so in-
terested must from an economic standpoint choose the
field for his proposed operations and then follow,
cither into the production of milk or beef. That as the
capacity for the production of milk is increased, the
power to make marketable flesh is diminished, and
vice versa; and so far as I could ascertain, this
opinion voices that of the best and most accomplished
cattlemen of England.

So much for the "dual purpose" animal. I shall
not discuss the merits of the Short Horn in the dairy.
All pure breeds have good points. It may be noted,
however, in connection with this dual purpose subject
( hat the milking Short Horn scarcely seems to furnish
what may be called the "Farmer's cow," as we would
understand the term ; for it is not usually a good rust-
ler, under adverse circumstances, nor does it seem
to be improved from a constitutional standpoint by
development along dairy lines. Of course, as a beef
producer, the Short Horn is unexcelled.

What, to my mind, is really in the contemplation
of English breeders is this question: After all has
been said and done, has not too much attention been
paid to the production of a beef type, when a dis+
lincthj milking strain would at the same cost have pro-
duced threefold the profit?

For some years Lord Rothschild has evidently been
of the latter opinion, and with the aid of his very able
assistant, Mr. Richardson Carr, he has done much to
lead the advanced thought of that country, to a break-
ing away from what had almost become a religion —
the breeding of Short Horns as distinctly fat cattle.
His beautiful home at Tring Park, alike the Mecca
for financier and lover of nature, has been devoted to
the upbuilding of two great dairy herds to a success-
ful financial basis, and the yearly milking competi-
tions at the show which he has fostered has done
knightly service in the determination of this question.

The relative value of beef and dairy products to

€02

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

the farmer is well set forth in a recent number of the
"Live Stock Journal," of London (the leading British
breeder's journal), by a distinguished -writer, when
he says: "A gallon of milk is worth as much as a
pound of beef in summer, and a pound and one-half
in winter. Three gallons of milk would be pro-
duced at the same cost as one pound of beef, so far as
actual cost of food is concerned. That the only de-
partment of farming that could in England be said
to have paid in the past twenty:five years was dairy-
ing, there being but one condition of success — the
possession of a good class of dairy cows."

The lesson, then, that it seems to the writer of this
communication which should be brought home to our
farmers is, that they should look deeper into the
question whether they cannot more profitably, through
the introduction of co-operative creameries, or other
means, handle the stictly dairy animal, rather than
devote their energies to the fattening of cattle, the
market price for which is no longer subject to logical
calculation, but rather the creature of monopolistic
dictation.

Sho\ild one look with favor upon these ideas, he
would but be following in the footsteps of the thrifty
and prosperous farmers of the Eastern and Middle
States, whose sale of milk, production of cream, j
manufacture of butter and cheese, with the natural
incidents to dairying, the fattening of hogs, and the
roaring of poultry, have added many millions to the
wealth of those sections.

One word further: It seems to me that there is a
failure to appreciate to the fullest extent two cardinal
principles of success: Eirst, that where it is possible,
one should breed only the best pure bred animals ob-
tainable ; and secondly, that there must be some
means found, such as State and local agricultural
shows, to form the basis in Virginia of fair compari-
son and honest rivalry between a like breed and breed-
ers.

As to the first, it is passing strange that a people
who have been the conservators of the thoroughbred
horse for many generations should be forgetful of the
fact that the same idea of breeding, which, when ap-
plied to the horse, means the safe negotiation of the
stiffest of hunting countries, when applied to the
lower domestic animals, means the acute and accurate
development along the productive lines desired.
Lowly and homely as such virtues of breeding may
seem to be, they are, after all, great factors in the
accumulation and development of a nation's wealth.

The best illustration that I have had of the value
to the farmer — not as a rich man's fancy, but as a
poor man's business, of the pure bred was had upon a

recent trip taken by me in the company of a well-
known cattle fancier, to Massachusetts.

We journeyed to a spot high among the bleakest of
the New England mountains to inspect a pure bred
herd, owned by a small farmer, who, twenty-five years
ago, had travelled in his overalls to Pennsylvania,
and later to the Massachusetts coast, and had secured
a few registered cows. He-had no bull, and was com-
pelled to drive his cows twenty-five miles to be bred.
He had tended his little herd and peddled his butter
in the market, a trip of fourteen miles; he made as
his herd increased repeated sales, and had lived to
see the day when, without either the proximity of a
great market, such as that of Mr.. Taylor at Cranford,
England, nor a beautiful catalogue of sale setting
forth in enticing form the long line of ancestry of
Middlesex cattle, men of purpose travelled days to
visit his Guernseys, and eagerly bought such of his
herd as he would part with at about the same average
price per head as those obtained for the Short Horns
in England — the sale that has been made the subject
of a leading article in your valued journal, and also
in the "Breeder's Gazette."

Had this man's cattle been grades, they would have
been possibly worth thirty-five dollars per head at his
remote place. Such, then, has been the reward to
persevering effort to establish a pedigreed herd by a
small farmer.

As to the value of agricultural shows, although they
may have been tried, and may have been abandoned,
they are necessary to development, and are always to
be found in communities where marked success is at-
tendant upon effort along agricultural lines. They
should by all means be encouraged in Virginia in par-
ticular, and in the South in general.

The people of this community are, to my mind,
among the most advanced in their ideas and methods
of agriculture in the South; and this section of the
State, with Washington and Baltimore so near at
hand, is peculiarly adapted to the development of a
great dairy industry; so with a general introduction
of pure breeds of dairy cattle, and of swine, I shall
hopefully await the time when energy directed along
the lines of least resistance shall make blossom the
fruitful fields of beautiful Loudoun.

Westmoeeland Davis.

Morven Park, Leesburg, Va.

MILK FEVER.

(Continued from last month.)
The accompanying cut shows the appliance now in
use at the Veterinary Department of the Virginia
Polytechnic Institute Experiment Station for admin-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

603

istering this treatment, and in the writer's opinion it
has the most advantages, with fewer drawbacks than
any yet devised, either there or elsewhere, and is one
which can be as safely employed by the layman as the
most experienced veterinarian, provided instructions
are closely observed and followed. The accompany-
ing cut represents an ordinary bulb syringe of the
best quality, the tubing of which is sufficiently large
to admit of an ordinary Faber lead pencil. This
size is preferable to the small tubes. Inserted into
the hard rubber pipe at A is a medium-sized milking
tube, which is pushed home sufficiently far to be
air-tight at the point of union. (See cut.)

Figure B represents an ordinary
milking tube, this style being pre-
ferable. No objection can be
raised to the ringed style, the rings
being easily removed to admit of
deeper insertion into the hard rub-
ber pipe.

Figure C represents a piece of
quarter-inch glass tubing from 14,
to 2 inches long, which is inserted
into the rubber pipe, the darkened
end representing a plug of steri-
lized absorbent cotton inserted,
through which the air must pass,
and which effectually robs it of all
contamination. No objection,
however, can be raised to inserting
the cotton into the end of the soft
rubber pipe, in case the proper
tubing cannot be obtained.

Technique of the Operation. —
When the patient is discovered in
a comatose or semi-comatose condi-
tion, and is unable to rise or even
control her action, but remains in
whatever position she may be
placed, no time must be lost in
placing her in as natural a position
as possible — viz., propped up on
her breast bone with her head
drawn round on her side (see cut).
She can best be kept in this position
by sacks filled with straw or hay,
sufficient of which should be pro-
vided to prevent injury to her
head and horns, if semi-comatose,
for in this condition she frequentlv

thoroughly washed with a 2 per cent, creoline or car-
bolic acid solution. Where it appears desirous to
employ the Schmidt treatment in conjunction with
the filtered air (as it is in all violent cases which oc-
cur in 24 hours or less after calving), two drachms
of potassium iodide is dissolved in one quart of warm
water (blood heat) that has been previously boiled,
one-fourth of which is to be pumped into each quar-
ter of the udder through the instrument previously
described, and which has been rendered absolutely
clean by immersing and pumping through it the
creoline or carbolic solution, as the case may be.
The udder is next inflated with air, Avhich is done as

INSTRUMENT BEST SUITED FOR ADMINISTERING TREATMENT.

Lower figure represents syringe for giving the Potassium Iodide solution.

Upper figure represents syringe equipped with air filtering attachment.

A, point of union between hard rubber pipe of syringe and milking tube.

C, piece of J inch glass tubing, 1J to 2 inches long, with sterilized absorbent
llirows ner Head violently around cotton inserted at entrance, through which the air must pass, and which robs it
in her delirious efforts. Atten- of infection,
tion must now be directed to her

udder, with as little delay as possible. See that her| follows: The syringe should be worked until the ope-
position is not injurious to that organ, which must be rator is satisfied that all moisture as far as possible
raised off the ground and clean cloths placed under has been removed. This can be done in from one to
it. All milk must now be removed and the teats three minutes. At the entrance of the syringe a

604

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

small piece of glass tubing packed with sterilized ab-
sorbent cotton is inserted (see cut) tight enough so
that all air passing "is effectually filtered and yet not
so tight as to impede its free passage. The tube B
(disinfected and washed in boiled water) is again in-
troduced into the teat and the quarter inflated to its
fullest capacity, and so on until all have again been
treated, the tube being disinfected and rinsed in
boiled water after each teat has been treated. Knead-
ing and rubbing the udder thoroughly assists the air
and potassium solution in more rapid absorption by
spreading it over a greater mucus surface. The cow
must be kept in position and should have con-
stant attendance until consciousness returns, which
usually occurs in from two to twelve hours, and
sometimes even less. After she rises very little fur-
ther treatment is required beyond restricting the diet
and milking at regular intervals to restore the func-
tion of the udder. Where recovery is delayed and
indications of return to consciousness are wanting,
the Schmidt injection should be repeated in about
eight hours, air being introduced as soon and often
as the udder is sufficiently slack to receive it. The
increasing amount of milk in the udder may be re-
garded as a most favorable sign. After apparent re-
covery, it sometimes happens that the bowels are ob-
stinately constipated from impaired peristaltic ac-
tion of their muscular coats, due to deficient nerve
force. This is to be relieved by a moderate dose of
epsoin salts, 1 to li pounds, to which should be added
onc-hal er and one drachm powdered

mix vomica, the latter drug to be repeated in the
same dose every eight hours for several days, and
only the most easily digested and laxative diet allow-
ed in restricted quantities, together with a liberal
supply of pure spring water. In no case is

ble during the period of coma. Success-
ful and non-successful treatment usually hinges here,
and drenches given at this time often prove fatal, or
produce serious complications, which might
have been avoided, and at best can 1"' produc-
tive of little or no good, as the intestinal absorbents
are in a state of extreme inactivity, and if the
drenches actually escape doing injury to the patient,
are not absorbed until recovery t :il<<;< place and play
no part whatever in bringing about that result. Some
practitioners contend that the potassium iodide is
superfluous when air or oxvsren is freely employed,
and while this is undoubtedly the case with many
patients, in the writer's opinion the drug often has-
tens what would otherwise be a delayed recovery, the
action of the drug being to stimulate the absorbent
system and ca\ise the more rapid expulsion of the
poison from the system. If an opinion were ven-
tured as to which should and which should not re-
ceive the potassium iodide solution, we would say
that all cases occurring in less than twenty-four hours

after calving, or those upon which treatment had been
delayed several hours from the commencement of the
attack, should receive it, although mild cases yield
readily to the air alone.

The following records of cases give a fair idea of
the effectiveness of the treatment, and what may be
looked for in similar cases :

Case No. 1. — Jersey cow, 6 years old; dropped
calf on Tuesday afternoon; appeared normal until
Wednesday at 4 P. M., when she developed unmis-
takable evidence of an attack of parturient paresis.
Some delay was occasioned in getting a supply of
boiled water, it being 5 :30, when injection was given.
By this time she was rapidly sinking into uncon-
sciousness. The symptoms were checked in less than
half an hour, and held so, and at 2 A. M. she rose to
her feet, and made an uninterrupted recovery, re-
turning to her full milking capacity on the third day
— no udder complications whatever.

Case No. 2. — Shorthorn Jersey grade, five years;
calved at 6 A. M., normal ; at 6 P. M. was somewhat
restless, and did not yield her usual flow of milk.
Nothing was thought of this by the owner until next
morning, when she was clown and unable to rise and
semi-conscious. Treatment was applied at 8:30. To
the utter surprise of every one present she was on her
feet and feeding at 11:30, or three hours after the
first treatment; returned to her full flow of milk on
second day, and made an uninterrupted recovery.

Case No. 3. — Grade, six years old ; dropped calf
Thursday afternoon. On Friday afternoon present-
ed symptoms of illness, and at 4 P. M. went down,
and was unable to rise; was made as comfortable as
circumstances would permit, but was left alone for
the night without further treatment than a dose of
salts. Next morning was found by the owner per-
fectly helpless and apparently dead, except for her
mechanical breathing. The writer was sent for, and
reached the patient at 11:30 A. M., or upwards of
twenty hours from time of collapse. Treatment was
given with as little delay as possible, and results
closely watched. In two hours the pulse, which had
been previously imperceptible, was showing some
strength, and at 4 o'clock she was able to hold her
bead up and returned to consciousness. Heart and
nerve stimulants were given at regular intervals, and
next morning she rose and walked out into the ad-
joining lot and ate a little grass. That evening, how-
ever, she relapsed into unconscioxisness and died be-
fore morning without further treatment. Had this
case been treated early in the attack, or had the case
the hospital and the udder treatment renewed
on Sunday morning and evening, in the writer's opin-
ion a good recovery could have been obtained.

Case No. 4. — Guernsey cow. 7 years old and very
fat : calved Tuesday during the day. On Wednes-
day at 3 :30 was found down and unconscious. The

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

605

writer reached the case and had treatment applied at
4:15, and although she was perfectly unconscious at
that hour, at 5 :30, or in one hour and fifteen min-
utes after treatment, she held her head up and
fought flies and caressed her calf; rose to her feet at
10 P. M., and was chewing her cud the next morn-
ing when visited. This case returned to her milk
promptly, and in less than a week was one of the
heaviest producers in a herd of nearly a hundred.

In the last case a very slight swelling recurred in
the right fore quarter of her udder, due probably to
injury through lying on it, but which disappeared
after a few applications of comphorated liniment.

Other cases might be cited had their records been
kept, but the above indicates very clearly what may
be expected under similar circumstances.

Summary. — Be sure your case is one of parturient
paresis. Place her in the position indicated (see
cut), propped up on her breast bone. Milk out the
udder clean, and protect it from the ground with
clean cloths. Disinfect the teats, hands and syringe.
Dissolve two drachms potassium iodide in one quart
warm water ( blood heat) that has been previously
boiled, one-fourth of which is now to be injected into
■ •in' quarter. The tube being withdrawn from the
teat is now again dipped into the creoline or carbolic
Bolution and rinsed off with boiled water, is inserted
into the second, third and fourth teats under the
Ban e antiseptic precautions as the first. The syringe
is now allowed a few minutes to dry, which can be
hastened by pumping air through it. The inlet to
the syringe now packed with a plug of sterilized ab-
sorbent cotton and again pumped throiigh it a few
times, everything is now ready for the second por-
tion of the opei-ation — viz., the introduction of air
into the udder. Again the tube, disinfected and
washed, is introduced into the first teat, an assistant
manipulates the rubber ball until the quarter is fully
inflated. The tube being withdrawn, the teat is now
secured by clean tape to prevent the escape of
air. All teats are treated in exactly the same way
witli the same disinfecting and rinsing of the tube
between injections. Keep the cow in as comfortable
and protected a position as possible. If in two hours
she has qi t risen to her feet or is showing symptoms
of returning consciousness, and the udder is less tense,
more air is to be introdiiced under precisely the same
antiseptic precautions. If, after eight hours she still
remains comatose, the potassium iodide injection
should be repeated. If after she has risen to her
feet her bowels remain inactive a dose of salts com-
bined with ginger and mix vomica may be given with
good results. The diet should be restricted for a
few days, usually three, and a complete recovery may
be looked for. Careful watching for the first twenty-
four hours after she rises is advisable that any re-
lapse may be noticed early and the treatment renewed

without delay. Make your antiseptic precautions a
strong feature of the whole procedure, remembering
that infection introduced into the udder will not
necessarily impede the action of the treatment so far
as parturient paresis is concerned, but will be fol-
lowed by disastrous consequences (infective inflam-
mation) after apparent recovery. And in no case
attempt drenching during the comatose or semi-
comatose period.

Prevention of the Disease. — Since it is known
from observation that only the best milkers when in
high condition are subjects of this disease, much can
be done in the way of preventing its appearance or at
least modifying its severity. The first condition — viz :
great lacteal development being the highest aim of the
practical dairyman, it would be impractical to in any
way check that quality beyond for a short period, as
without it, it were foolish to attempt to direct a suc-
cessful dairy business. This is impossible with any
but the highest producers. This being so the dairy-
man's attention should be directed towards the cow's
condition just previous to and at the parturient sea-
son. A cow in high condition and heavy milker
should be compelled to take regular daily exercise
previous to calving, and her food should be cur-
tailed and of a laxative character. It is also a safe
practice to give a purgative of epsom salts, one to one
and one-half pounds, a few days previous to calving,
and again a smaller or similar dose a few hours fol-
lowing that act, and the amount of rich food should
be restricted for a few days until the dangerous
period has passed. English writers upon the sub-
ject contend that cows which have been milked clean
immediately and for three days after calving are
more subject to milk fever and claim to have lessen-
ed to a very great extent the number of cases by only
partially milking out the udder for several days after
calving. The writer cannot account for such results,
but they appear to be proven. Granting such to be
the ease, there is hope that more light may yet be
looked for as to the true character of the disease, and
following along that line with judgment can do no
harm.

Appliances for giving proper treatment can be ob-
tained from the surgical instrument dealers or can
be made by obtaining a milking tube as per cut and
a bulb syringe of the best quality having large size
tuliing, and a supply of absorbent cotton and creoline.
Milking tubes may be obtained through any good
drug store, or from surgical instrument dealers, such
as Haussmann & Dunn or Sharp & Smith, Chicago,
111. John Spencer,

Virgima Polytechnic Institute, Blachsburg, Va.

In writing to advertisers, mention Planter.

606

THE SOUTHEKX PLANTER.

[September,

PRINCE BARBARA, 68904, SIRE PRINCE ITO, DAM
BARBARA OF WOODLAWN.
This great son of the Highland Champion $9,100
bull Prince Ito is one of the prizes Meyer & Son.
whose advertisement will be found in this issue, select-
ed from the famous Woodlawn herd. This son of the
great champion is to head the herd for a few years.
Prince Barbara is a half brother to the show steer Kid
Eclipser, who lias won many prizes in the show rings
and is from as fine a cow as can be found in the
breed. Barbara of Woodlawn, his mother, has never
produced a calf which sold for less than $500.

ANGORA GOATS IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

The Angora kid crop was very line this year. Al-
though we still have some very young kids, yet I think
there will be no trouble raising 100 per cent, kid in-
crease. The Angora goat business is still booming,
and on the increase every day. A letter from New
Mexico, where I was last year, says: "I have no An-
gora does for sale at all. Already 7,000 kid- does
booked for shipment, but cannot get hold of them for
love or money. Am selling and have sold buck kids
for $50 each right along, and have almost run out.
< 'an'l pick up a carload of does in this country." The
above is from 071c of the largest breeders in the South-
west.

I lost thirteen kids last February in the big -now.
I was in Richmond, and had no one to look after
them, and they were frozen to death as soon as they
came. Still expect to raise 100 per cent, increase.
Mohair has been low tin's year, but is climbing a bit

now. John Pulton, of the Angora Association, says
he has made some very good sales in Boston. We in
Virginia have the greatest opportunity to turn our
worthless and grown uj) lands to account that we ever
had by raising goats and reaping the rich harvest of
ihe silver fleeces after they reap the harvest of leaves,
brush and weeds. "Angora goats" is the solution of
the labor question, as they clean up the filth and
weeds and return us rich, well fertilized land covered
with a magnificent stand of blue grass. They re-
quire very little attention except in kidding season,
and return us handsome profits. Cheap sheds and a
three and one-half foot fence will solve the housing
and pasturage question, and plenty of brush and a
regular salting the feed question.

Manx S. Valentine.
Goochland Co., Ta.

SHEEP HUSBANDRY IN ENGLAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

In a late issue a correspondent says he fails to
understand why the English farmer succeeds with a
large flock of sheep. As I was in the 40's at an Agri-
cultural College and sheep farm for two years, and
later two years more on a Wiltshire Down sheep farm,
I can perhaps tell him why. The rotation in both
cases was the four course system, Swedes (rutabagas),
barley, grass, wheat The Swedes were drilled with
half a ton of ground bone per acre. When ready,
the sheep were folded on them, being placed each day
or. such an area enclosed with hurdles as they could
eat in the 24 hours, and the crop was thus disposed
of during the winter, then barley sown in the spring
followed with Italian rye grass, or rye grass and

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

607

clover, seeded with the barley. The first cutting of
the grass was made into hay, and the aftermath eaten
off by the sheep, then followed wheat, and between
the wheat and the turnips a catch crop of crimson
clover was sown, which was eaten down by the sheep.
Thus two crops were sold direct, and three as mutton
and wool. Under this system the land was holding
its fertility, although not a deep soil, and underlaid
by clean chalk. As well as I can remember, the
average crop of barley was forty bushels per acre, and
wheat twenty-eight. The lambs (Hampshire Down)
were dropped in February and sold in August. The
last lot I saw sold fetched 27 shillings (about $6.75)
each, 200 of them. This was on the Wiltshire farm,
which consisted of 700 acres, 200 in irrigated meadow
and permanent pasture and 500 in arable. The rent
for thp whole was £1 ($5) per acre. The rule is, a
sheep to an acre for the arable land. I hope I have
thrown some little light on the subject.

Charles City Co., Ya. W. R. Atkinson.

HEREFORD BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION.

The success following the organization of the breed-
ers of Hereford cattle in other States has suggested
the desirability of the Hereford breeders in the State
of Virginia organizing themselves into an association
for the purpose of forwarding the interests of that
great beef breed by conducting joint sales at desir-
able places in the State, and by circulating literature
and making generally known the great value of the
Hereford sire as a producer of the finest beef in the
world.

It has been proposed by several breeders that a gen-
eral meeting of all the Hereford breeders in the State
and those interested in Herefords, be held during
Roanoke Fair, the last week in September, and it is
earnestly desired that all who are interested in the
furtherance of Hereford interests should lend their
aid. Those expecting to be present will kindly send
their names and address to Edward G. Butler, Berry-
ville, Va., so they may be notified as to the evening
appointed for the meeting.

BIG PRICES FOR YORKSHIRE HOGS.

Editor Southern Planter:

At a sale recently held at Hamilton, Ontario, 74
head of large Yorkshires were sold at an average of
$85.60. Several sows in farrow sold at from $350
to $370 each. The rapidity with which large York-
shires have forced their way to the front as a profit-

able bacon hog, has been nothing less than marvellous.
Since the introduction of this breed into bacon pro-
ducing districts of Canada the hog business of that
country has been revolutionized, and in ten years the
value of bacon and hams exported from the Dominion
has increased from a little over a half million to more
than $14,000,000.

Throughout Canada and at a number of the Ex-
periment Stations in the United States the large
Yorkshire has shown by actual test, both in the feed-
ing pen and upon the butcher's block, to be superior
to any other breed. The lard hog has seen its day,
and everywhere there is a cry for the bacon hog. The
large Yorkshire meets the requirements of the packer.
They have been bred to meet these requiremnts and
have not been long enough in the United States to be
ruined by the methods of feeding that are in vogue
here, and which have wellnigh ruined nearly every
breed of hogs in use in this country.

That there is a demand on the part of the packers
for a hog with the characteristics of the large York-
shires, is shown by the fact that the large packing
concern of Swift & Co., of Chicago, have arranged
with the Illinois State Board of Agriculture for a
special swine class at the coming Illinois State Fair,
the entries to be judged strictly from a packer's
standpoint.

The large Yorkshire supplies a carcass with a large
proportion of lean meat, and they will grow rapidly,
and can be ripened for market at any age, thus regu-
lating the size of the carcass. The sows are im-
mensely prolific, great milkers and excellent mothers.
To be able to raise the best bacon, our farmers must
use a bacon breed. A. M. Bowman.

Roanoke Co., Ya.

TO TELL THE AGES OF PIGS.

Pigs having their corner permanent incisors cut
will be considered as exceeding six months.

Pigs having their permanent tusks more than half
up will be considered as exceeding nine months.

Pigs having their central permanent incisors up
and any of the first three permanent molars cut will
be considered as exceeding 12 months.

Pigs having their lateral temporary incisors shed
and the permanent appearing will be considered as
exceeding 15 months.

Pigs having their lateral permanent incisors fully
up will be considered as exceeding 18 months.

When writing to advertisers mention Planter.

608

THE SOUTHERN PLAXTER.

[September.

The Poultry Yard.

MORE ABOUT GAPES.

THE HALSTED THEOEY AXD TREATMENT.

As early as 1865, Mr. A. M. Halsted, of Eve, ST.
Y., began to experiment as to how to get rid of the
dire scourge of gapes, that was destroying so much
of the poultry through the Eastern States. " In 1880-
1881, there was all over the world a fearful infliction
of gapes. Records tell more of this in England than
here. At that time, what is known as the Halsted
theory, was used in both Xew York State and in En,
land, with good results.

Since that time there lias been little attention paid
to this. When Mr. Halsted took up this matter there
was little scientific or journalistic aid extended to the
poultryman. He was compelled to work out his
theories and ideas, and he began working to prevent
the coming of the gapes, rather than the curing of
them. Mr. Halsted discovered that there was a large
louse, or as he calls it, tick, found on the head and
about the throat of many of the young chicks when
hatched. InlS65he took a brood of fifteen so troubled
and picked off with his fingers all of these head lice
or ticks, and continued to examine this brood every
day or two, until they were six weeks old. Not one
of this brood was troubled with the gapes the entire
summer, while many from other broods, kept in thei
same lawn and runways, died of the disease that sea-
son.

This led Mr. Halsted to believe that the gapes were
brought by the presence of these ticks or head lice.
He made a more thorough test the following year,
but to aid in this test, he made several kinds of oint-
ment, with which he anointed the head and throat of
the young chicks when hatched. This was so satis-
factory to him that the following year he took thirty
chicks and thoroughly anointed 1he heads and throats
of one-half of them, allowing the other half to go
without treatment. The result was that not one of
this brood that had been so anointed had the gapes,
while all but one of the balance of the same brood
died of the disease.

The following year ho carried this out more exten-
sively, and had a number of neighbors near him use
the *ame treatment. The general result was very
satisfactory, except where the ointment was carelessly
or too profusely used with the result that a number of
the chicks were killed by mercurial poisoning.

.V poultryman of thirty years' experience now liv-
ing near New York, stated to the writer early in June
that he had been using the Halsted remedy for over
twenty-five years, and that he had never had a single
case of gapes since he began usin^ it. Each season it
is carefully used, and he stated that he should con-

tinue to use it as long as he was in the poultry busi-
ness, or until something satisfied him that it was not a
certain preventive.

Mr. Halsted's theory was, that since poultry never
showed any inclination to perspiration, the lice or
ticks \tpon their bodies were compelled to come to the
nostril or the mouth of the young chicks for moisture
or drink ; and that they laid their eggs in the nostrils,
where they would hatch, and the worm would find its
way through the connecting passage of the nostril to
the wind-pipe, where they grew and caused the
trouble. To prevent the possibility of this, he com-
pounded the following ointment: mercurial ointment,
1 ounce ; pure lard, 2 ounces ; flour of sulphur, £
'•mice ; crude petroleum, i ounce.

This should be applied to the head of the chick
while it is in a semi-liquid state, and may also be ap-
plied to the throat as well, when ticks are present.
This must be sparingly applied, or the chicks may be
poisoned with the mercury. It will cost very little
for those who have chicks which are troubled with
gapes, to make use of this remedy, but it should be
borne in mind that the oinment must be applied to the
head and to the throat, if needed, when they are 24
hours old ; that it must be very carefully used, so as to
not cssuse mercurial poisoning. Use enough to kill
all the ticks, but not enough to smear and grease the
head and throat unnecesarily.

There is another manner of curing gapes in this
country, and that is to place the ailing chicks in a box
and stretch a cheese-cloth over them, and dust some
lime down upon the heads of the young chicks. There
is a better preparation than this made in England,
though we shall change it a little, as they are using
arsenic, and we cannot advise the use of it knowing it
has made tro\ible; powdered quicklime, one pound;
powdered sulphur, one-half pound; tinct. asafoetida,
one ounce : oil of thyme, one ounce. Thoroughly mix
together and to keep it dry and in good condition, put
into a glass-stoppered bottle. When needed, dust on
the chicks. Or a better way. is to put a tablespoonful
or two into a saucer, and with a rubber pipe and your
mouth or a pair of bellows blow a quick current of
air into the saucer, so as to fill the air of the box or
coop thoroughly full of this powder. It is stated
that this will get into the nostrils and wind pipe of
the ailing chicks and destroy the ;:ape worm. — The
Feather.

You could not do us a greater kindness, in
writing to advertisers, than to say you saw their
ad. in The Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

609

The Horse.

NOTES.

The oldest agricultural journal in the country, and
probably the most popular and widely read isthe
Southern Planter., and truly, too, its circulation
seems to reach the uttermost ends of the earth, as
evidenced in part at least by the following letter from
our New Zealand friend, Mr. Ivar C. Asplund, who
saw my card in the Southern Planter and re-

Postmarks show that the communication took five
weeks to reach this city. Here is an exact copy of the
letter :

11 July, 1904.
Canley Park,
W. J. Carter, Esq. Rahotu,

P. 0. Box 929, Taranaki,

Richmond, N. Zealand.

Virginia.

IT. S. A.
Dear Sir:

I beg the favor of copies of the journals — Ken-
tucky Stock Earm and Breeder and Sportsman —
which I believe you represent.

Thanking you in pleasurable anticipation,
Believe me,
Yours truly,

Ivae C. Asplund.
j* Jt „*

With covers of scarlet, lettered in black and gold,
the print being red and black, and the headings and
footnotes in red, which is the makeup of the cata-
logue and prize list of the fourth annual exhibition
of the Richmond Horse Show Association, the pub-
lication is by odds the handsomest thing of the kind
seen this season. In addition to the dates, October
18th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22d, the pamphlet is filled
with interesting information from cover to cover.
The classes listed number fifty-one and prizes are of-
fered for harness horses, hunters, jumpers, park
hacks, saddle horses and ponies. The prizes aggre-
gate over $9,000, and unless stated to the contrary,
the money divisions in each class are $100 for first,
$50 for second, and $25 for third. While new classes
and special features have been introduced already
others will be added and on the whole we look for-
ward to the greatest show ever seen in the South.
The class for harness horses will, of course, attract
much attention, but seeing that Virginia is the great
Southern stamping ground for hunters and jumpers,
excelling, with the possible exception of Canada, any
other portion of America in the production of such
horses, a rare treat may be looked for in that direc-
tion in the way of the great fields competing on the
tan bark. One of the new features likely to interest
the masses will be the introduction of hunt club teams

and hounds, while a perusal of the catalogue will dis-
close others fully in keeping.

Lucky Clover, the chamnion steeplechase horse of
1903, has, according to reports, , run his last race,
having received an injury in the running of the
Beverick steeplechase at Saratoga on the 6th instant,
which necessitates his permanent retirement. This
is the third noted jumper owned by "Mr. Chamblet,"
E. C. Hoper, of Boston, that has gone amiss just as
that gentleman was planning an English compaign.
Lucky Clover is a bay gelding, foaled 1897, by Flat-
lands, dam Lucky Clover, by Bersan. He was bred
at Fort Chiswell Stud Farm, Max Meadows, Va.
He was a big winner in some of the most important
events of the season.

In Red Feather, the Virginia bred mare, four
years old, by St. Carolus, dam, a trotting mare, J. C.
Poulterer, of Philadelphia, has the prospect for a
great jumper; in fact, her performances would indi-
cate that she is likely to reach championship form.
The daughter of St. Carolus is 16 hands high, and
well formed. An offer of $2,500 has been declined
for this mare. Red Feather's sire, St. Carolus, is
owned by Courtland H. Smith, Hampton Farm, Alex-
andria, Va., where he formerly stood, but for a couple
of seasons past the son of imp. St. Blaise has been in
the stud at Warrenton, Va.

Joseph Lassiter, of the Richmond Horse Bazaar2
this city, has sold to L. L. Wallace, Amelia, Va., the
chestnut colt Prince Henry, by Patronage, dam Hazel
Eye, by Sir Walter, Jr., 2 :18^, sire of the great race
mare Alcidalia, 2 :10^. This colt, now in his two
year old form, stands sixteen hands in height, and
with age and development promises to make a grand
looking horse. He will be placed in the stud by Mr.
Wallace, and should do much toward improving- the
stock of the section to which he has been taken.
Patronage, the sire of this colt, got the famous Alix,
2.03f, and is a full brother to the noted sires Patron,
2 :144, and Prodigal, 2 :16.

S J« Jt

Apparently not for a decade past has such interest
been taken in breeding as during the present one, and
those having control of desirable stallions seem to be
well pleased with the patronage received. Certainly
this applies to Kelly, 2 :27, the son of Electioneer and
Esther, whose court has been visited already by over
seventy matrons, and there are others to follow. A
number of the best bred mares in the South have
been mated with this brother to the famous Expres-
sive, 3, 2 :12i, some with fast records and others by
prominent sires out of great producing dams.

610

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Miscellaneous.

THE LABOR DIFFICULTY.
Editor Southern Planter:

I have just finished reading the July issue of the
Planter. It, with the Farm Journal, Earm and
Home, and the Montreal Herald and Star, which is a
weekly journal, furnishes me with all the agricul-
tural pabulum necessary for my calling. My sixty-
five years' experience goes for nothing. After read-
ing the article of the Senator of the Eighteenth
District, I felt like quoting one of Randolph's philip-
lies on a certain occasion when a representative of
Maryland had made a speech in the House. If we
were both present at an agricultural Institute I
should be most likely to fire it off. Suffice it to say I
differ with him on the labor question, and I have had
some personal experience. Between the years 1840
and 1850 I lived in New Jersey. Then we could
get the Irish and German immigrants right from the
ship, superior to any foreigner at the present time, at
a low rate of wages. At the same time there were
two negro villages of 400 or more inhabitants each
near by. We had thus a choice of good help. I
worked in the field with these people, and failed to
recognize any superiority of the whites over the
blacks. In 1850 I bought in Virginia. Then the
class of poorer white men had to come in competition
with slave labor, to which a certain degradation at-
tached. I hired the slave labor and made it pay:
indeed, one of the most productive farms in this
section was owned and carried on by a slave owner.
Since then there has been an entire revolution in the
labor problem, not confined to Virginia or any other
section. Now, the question is, have we the brains or
inclination to adjust ourselves to the present situa-
tion? If not, the Department of Agriculture is
powerless to afford any relief. It is not necessary
to offer any bonus to the negro to vacate. He does
not stand on the order of his going either, and there
is where the shoe pinches. He goes at once. We
have to contend with that very difficulty. When a
"darkie" can go to the brick-yard and get $1.50 per
day for ten hours' work, he ought not to be blamed if
ho chooses that rather than fourteen hours a day at
75 cents or a dollar. The white man would be a
dolt that wouldn't do the same thing. Some of our
dairymen got on their metal and were not going to
stand any foolishness. One sent to New York and
got a cfew of Germans, who did tolerably well for
two or three months, and then abruptly left just in

harvest time. Another brought in some Poles. He
had a picnic. Since the degradation of white labor
competing with slaves has been removed we have
some most excellent white natives, who are willing to
work, but there are not enough to go round ; besides,
when a white man becomes intelligent enough to man-
age the present farm machinery he wants to set up
for himself. Enough on the labor question. As I
have read the several articles from the Norfolk land
agent, it surprises me that he should content himself
in his present position. One thousand dollars an
acre would pay better than any commission business
I know of. I don't doubt but that such results are
attainable, but if they were the rule there would not
long remain any land for sale in that vicinity. I
remember some years ago one of my neighbors set out
one-fourth of an acre in strawberrries. He cleared
over $300 the first year. He put in an acre and did
not get so much as he did on his first vpnture, and
several others who caught the mania ran the mowing
machine over their beds, as the grass was worth more
than the berries. Since then they have had another
boom and have again flattened out. One man who
has sold $1,000 worth did not realize $50 this year.
I consider such articles misleading, and as of no
practical benefit to our profession. Our Farmer's
Club has been regaled with the wonderful results at-
tained by a certain Mr. Dietrich, a Lutheran min-
ister near Philadelphia, who on 13 acres of land
kept 18 head of Jersey cows, besides some young
stock. No credit was given to a faithful man who
did all the work. Another matter that has interested
us was the wonderful statements in regard to Mr.
Clark's success in raising grass, when it appears by
an advertisement in your journal that he is not de-
pendent on that source for his revenue. It reminds
me of what our landlord in New Jersey said to my
father : "John, I think a good bank account is a good
tiling to have in farming," which, unfortunately, few
of us possess. It is true we are confronted by con-
ditions which must be overcome by theories proven
by facts, remembering that scientific theories are one
thing, and the theories of scientists another.

In conclusion, there is a phase of our situation
that has concerned me considerably, that is, Can a
young man and his wife acquire a competency farm-
ing at the present day owning a hundred acres with-
out any other ca^al ? I think I could answer both
affirmatively and negatively. E. E. Mason.

Fairfax Co., Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

611

NOTES FROM TIDEWATER, VA.

Editor Southern Planter:

The Government weather report for July, 1904, is
on our table, and shows as follows : The highest ther-
mometer was on the 6th and 19th, when the mercury
reached 94, the warmest weather for the month.

The average temperature for the month was 77
degrees ; while the average for the month of July for
the past thirty-four years has been 79. The rainfall
for the month of July was 6.56 inches, falling on
twelve different days — viz., on the 1st, 2d, 6th, 8th,
10th, 12th, 17th, 20th, 22d, 23d, 24th, 25th, pretty
well distributed. Greatest amount of rain in any
period of twenty-four hours was 1.34, on the 12th.

The average rainfall for the month of July for the
past thirty-four years has been 5.83 inches. This
rainfall coming as it does in about twelve showers,
well and evenly distributed throughout the month,
does not permit our meadows or pastures to get bald-
headed in midsummer, because August comes right
along with about the same record as regards tempera-
ture and fainfall.

In fact, July and August give us fully as much
rain as any other three consecutive months in the

come in, as they surely will do, unless a crop of peas
or some similar crop be sown between the corn rows
at time of last cultivation of the corn.

The steady movement of labor, however, from the
farms of the State to the cities operates against the
farmers, and they have suffered thereby. The rem-
edy is more stock, more stock crops and less special
crops. The special crops of our State, such as to-
bacco, peanuts, fruits and vegetables, etc., require a
great amount of hand labor while the stock crops
may be and can be and should be handled largely by
improved machinery and improved methods, thus en-
abling fewer hands to cover more territory and secure
better results. What a time for turnips in July and
August. How such growing weather would delight
the heart of the Northern, Western or Eastern stock
men.

How the thoroughgoing English farmer would ap-
preciate such weather for his root crops. How such
weather would tickle the German farmer, who grows
the root crops heavily, and who also grows silage crop
from seed purchased of one of our Norfolk county
truckers, who raises from 30,000 to 50,000 bushels
of the finest of silage corn annually — that is to say,

year. At the same time the temperature is quite raises that much corn, which he ships to Europe,

moderate. The highest thermometer being 94 and
the lowest 65 ; and the rainfall nearly 6 inches on an
average for thirty-four years, one can see that July
and August are great growing months.

July, notwithstand that the rain fell on twelve
different days, gave us twenty-three pleasant and
eight cloudy days. This is accounted for from the
fact that the rain falls more frequently between 6
P. M. and midnight than at any other portion of the
twenty-four hours.

Everything in the ground is just jumping, weeds,
grass and all. Those farmers who laid by their corn
the last days in June or the first week in July and
sowed the corn fields with cow peas may look with
equanimity upon the growing weather as the peas
take the ground and keep down the rank growth of
weeds and grass, which otherwise is sure to take the
corn fields in July and August.

If a person be in doubt as to grass growing in
Eastern Virginia, all he need do is to examine the
corn fields of this section in August. The nice and
equable adjustment of warmth and moisture is such
that everything in the ground, with roots to it, makes
a very luxuriant growth. It, therefore stands to rea-
son that the farmer should keep his Hftid fully occu-
pied and covered with useful crops for the market or
for his stock, rather than to let the weeds and grass

where it is planted for silage purpose.

All over the East, North and West, July and Au-
gust are hot, dry months, with warm nights — too
warm frequently for comfortable sleeping. The pas-
tures give out and the meadows become sere and
brown, and there is a great shrinkage of milk unless
the farmer has provided for this dry weather by grow-
ing a green crop to cut and feed to his milk stock,
thus enabling him to tide over the dry spell.

The growth of grass in pasture and meadow here is
greater in July and August than in May and June.
Our farmers must turn their attention more and
more to more and better farm machinery. Improved
implements, whereby one man can do the work of
three or four, must be used.

What is to become of our State when all the young
white men have migrated to the cities, and when all
the colored labor has likewise gone into the com-
mercial centres, where they find employment in gangs
or squads or bunches, as the colored people like to
work in droves, so that they can laugh and joke and
shout and sing at their work ?

The upshot of the whole matter is this. Our
farmers must pay a greater amount of attention from
this time forward to choice stock of all kinds, ex-
cepting perhaps horses, as we do not believe it will
pay to raise horses in Eastern Virginia, hut when it

612

THE SOUTHERN PLAXTER.

[September,

comes to sheep, cattle, hogs and poultry, there is no
section in the Union where such stock will pay as
well as here.

For every laborer who leaves the farm for the
city the farmer should manage to place two or more
head of good sfock. He should reduce the area of
the crops grown or cultivated largely by hand and
replace them with crops cultivated by machinery.
This will not only improve the farm, but will also
improve the farmer's finances.

There is a scarcity of labor in the agricultural dis-
tricts of the South. There is also a scarcity of stock.

The prosperity of the South demands that our
larger farms be subdivided and sold to men who will
devote them to stock and stock crops. Our State
should take active steps to promote such a movement.
An intelligent, practical class of immigration is need-
ed to speedily and rapidly and surely remedy the
••condition" of things, for as Grover said: "It is -i
condition which confronts us and not a theory."

A. Jeffeks.

THE WHEAT SITUATION.

Europe is the largest buyer of American wheat and
flour. Its requirements, in addition to the home
crop, range from 500 to 550 million bushels an-
nually. This was supplied last year by Russia, In-
dia, Argentina, Australia and America, as follows:

Countries. 1903-4— bush. 1902-3 — bush.

America 151.128.000

Russia 142.938.000

Danubian 57,432,000

India 55,864.000

Argentina 83,264,000

Australasia 26.832,000

Austria-Hungary 5,278.000

Chili-North Africa 11,276,000

244.S23.000

132.664,000

57,776,000

24.183,000

49.424,000

2.704,000
15.924.000

Totals :.... 534,012,000 527,498,000

The European crop of wheat this year is estimated
to be 140,000,000 bushels less than last year; the
1903 crop having been 1,796,311,000 bushels, where-
as the 1904 crop is estimated to be 1,650,000,000
bushels.

The Russian winter wheat crop is a failure, and
their spring wheat crop has had a very unfavorable
start. The Austria-Hungary crop is 25 per cent.
short; the Italian, 15 per cent., and the Spanish
rro],, 15 per cent.: the Roumanian crop is 40 per
cent, short, and the United Kingdom, which last year
raised 4*.ddd,ooo bushels, will, this year, raise less
than 42,000,000 bushels. At present Russia and
India are furnishing 70 per cent, of Europe's re-
quirements. Indian shippers are holding back their
grain, awaiting higher prices, realizing the require-
ments of Europe will become urgent later on. The

on account of the government using nearly all of the
freight cars to transport troops.

WHEAT CEOP OF UNITED .STATES COMPARISON FOE

FOUR YEARS.
Crop '01. Crop '02.

31,000,000 52,000,000

On July 1.

In farmers'
hands ....

Visible sup-
ply 57,365.500

Total 88,365,500

Crop harvest-
ed 748,000,000 670,06

Total

Crop '03. Crop '04.
43,000,000 37,000,000

42.542.000
94,542,000

33,781,500
76,781,500

32,560,000
69,560,000

.000 637,821,835 530,000,000

Avail-
able 836,365,500 764.605.000 714,603,335 599.560.000

Exports 234,000.000 202.906,000 119,441,719

Seeding 72,000,000 72.000.000 76.000,000

Domestic use 435,823,500 412.917,500 449,601,616 450,000,000
On hand end

of crop .. 94,542,000 76,781,500 69,560,000

836,365,500 764,605,000 714,603,335

Xote 1. — To have the same quantity in farmers'
hands and in visible supply on July 1, 1905, as on
July 1, 1904, we have but 4,000,000 bushels avail-
able for export.

Xote 2. — The smallest quantity of wheat left in
the United States at the end of a crop was on July 1,
1898, when we had but 41,229,000 bushels, as fol-
lows: In farmers' hands, 16,000,000 bushels; in visi-
ble supplies, 25,229,000 bushels; total, 41,229,000
bushels. It was in -May, 1S9S, when wheat sold at
$1.85 per bushel in Chicago.

Xote 3. — Should our stocks on July 1, 1905, be de-
pleted to the same extent as on July 1, 1898, when
we had but 41,229,000 bushels, in all positions, our
exports could not exceed 32,331,000 bushels.

Xote 4.— With a maximum 32,331,000 bushels
available for export, how are we to supply the Euro-
pean demands, which, with the shortage abroad, must
be greater than last year, unless prices are advanced
to a level which will curtail consumption, both here
and abroad.

Europe's demands on the United States last year
were 119,441,719 bushels, notwithstanding the fact
that Russia, India, and Argentina were drawn upon
as never before. The exports from the United States
for a period of ten years are as follows :

Year.

Exports.

Our total crop.

Percentage
Exported.

1904,

119,441,719

637,821,835

18.8

1903,

202,906.000

670.063,000

30.2

1902,

234.000,000

748,000,000

31.2

1901,

216.000,000

523.000,000

41.3

1900.

188,000,000

547,000,000

34.3

1899,

222,000.000

675.000.000

32.8

1898,

217,000,000

530.000.000

40.9

1897,

145.000.000

427,000,000

33.9

1896,

126,000,000

467,000,000

26.9

1895,

142.000,000

460.000.000

30.8

Xote 5. — If we export 32,331,000 bushels out of
the 1904 crop (estimated as above 530-000,000 bush-

movement of wheat from Russia is greatly curtailed els), the percentage exported will be 6.1 per cent.

1904.]

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING CO-PI

RICHMOND, VA.

ISSUED ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH.

J. F. JACKSON,

Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING,
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to
subscribers in the United States and Canada
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 75c.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after they have
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter
Will be returned on receipt of postage.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
quiries will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk.
When made otherwise we cannot be respon-
sible.

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at once.

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,
RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond,
Va., as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Feed Value of Wheat, etc 591

Yield of Rye in Virginia 591

Sun Cured Tobacco 592

Alfalfa 592

Inoculation of Legumes — Vetches. 592

Lime Spreader 593

Grubs in Nostrils of Sheep 593

Nitrate of Soda for Cabbage 593

Frotecting Hams from Skippers —

Raising Chickens 593

Vetch— Alfalfa 594

Soja Bean or Corn 594

Dehorning Cattle 594

Alfalfa 594

Breed of Sheep for Low Country —

Winter Oats 595

Home Brewed Beer 595

Frog Farming 595

Vinegar 596

Removing Stumps 596

Staining a Floor 596

Johnson Grass 596

Seed Oats and Wheat 596

"Can Alfalfa Be Made Into Good

Silage?" 596

Grass Seeding 597

Selection of Seed Corn — Barren

Stalks 597

Patent Fertilizer Lime 597

To Prevent Skippers in Hams 597

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

613

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

To Advertisers.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of send-
ing in all advertisements and mat-
ter pertaining to advertising, by
the 25th of each month. If it can
be sent before that date, so much
the better for both of us. There
is not a month that passes that we
do not leave out somebody's ad. be-
cause of it reaching us too late.

Trial Subscriptions.

Eor 10 cents, coin or stamps, we
will send the Southern Planter
for three months as a trial sub-
scription. As hundreds of our
readers will be in attendance upon
all sorts of picnics during this
month, we would very much appre-
ciate it, if they will bring this lit-
tle offer to the notice of their
friends. In this way, we will be
enabled to get hold of a lot of non-
reading farmers. Once we get
them to reading, we are sure that
we can help them as well as our-
selves.

Elkton Stock Farm Sale.

In our last issue we ran a half
page ad. of the Elkton Stock
Farm's sale, which takes place on
September Cth. In the first para-
graph, under the head of "Pure
Bred Registered Herefords," the
types made us say "the pick of sev
eral farmers' herds," when it
should have been famous herds.
Any one acquainted with Here
ford blood can easily see why fa
mous was the word intended, after
reading that the offering is by
such noted sires as Beau Donald,
Actor 3d, Prince Rupert, etc. We
hope that a good number of our
readers will attend the sale and get
some of the bargains which will be
offered and encourage the Elkton
Farm in disseminating good cattle
in this section.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Wood's Seeds.

VIRGINIA GRAY

Sow Early For Best Results.

Our Trade Mark Brand is the
best and cleanest quality that
it is possible to procure.

Hairy, or Winter Vetch,

Sown with Winter Oats, makes
the largest possible yield of the
best and most nutritious hay.
Write for prices.

WOOD'S DESCRIPTIVE FALL CATALOG

Tells all about seeds for fall
sowing. It is the most valua-
ble and helpful publication of
the kind issued in America.
Mailed free on request.

T. W. WOOD & SONS,

Seedsmen. - Richmond, Va.

MER'S WORM POWDERS

Sheep, Horses & Hogs

""Ons Of '

Poivrte

Fed to I

imala

ivent further attacks,
popular use 25 years.
Price Rib. Pot. 60 oent». 7 lb. Pck. *1.<I0.

Send for FREE catalogue of Stockmen's Supplies.

F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicago,

™

Axle Grease

1t.h wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bxe. any other brand,
I Not affected by heat. «8-Get the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL HEALERS.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment
Stations. This6oapisa I ertiii.'.-T us w.'ll a.- an Insecti-
cide 50-11,. keira, 52.5(1; laMh. keL'S. S4.f."; half barrel.
2701b., 3,c per lb; barrel, 425 lb.. 3lc. send for Booklet
JAHESeOOD, Original Mater. ^

939.41 >i. Front Street, PTilbadelphla, Pa.

LIME

AGRICULTURAL
AND BUILDERS'

Send for Circulars and Price-List,

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS,

REEVES CATT, Agent,

Staunton, Virginia.

614

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

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ire tightest and shapeliest Load

Care tol>rita<lrtuiiv.e. Dakre that endum, Insure n»foty and facilitate
work. Btecland wU..irr»ni«8»Lu[ronr,.lrilcMi.|>»w',''»- EU catalog free.
Colllna Plow Co,, I ie'5 Hampshire SI., QujngK, III.

SILOS

And the only Patent Roof

THE "PHILADELPHIA"

El. F\ SOBLIOHTGR

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur-
ing Co., South Superior, Wis.

Mention the Southern Planter whe
corresponding with advertisers.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
The Ury Stock Farm starts the sea-
son's advertising with this issue. Hol-
steins and Berkshires, as usual, are
offered.

Agricultural Lime, Hard Wood
Ashes, Fertilizers, etc., are offered by
Mr. Percy L. Banks. Refer to the ad.
Mr. E. R. Taylor guarantees that
"Fuma" will kill all sorts and condi-
tions of burrowing animals.

The Real Estate Trust Co. has a
choice lot of Virginia farms for sale.
This company would like to list your
farm free of charge.

Angora Goats are advertised by sev-
eral responsible parties in this issue.
A number of excellent farms, of va-
rious sizes and prices, are offered for
sale in this number.

Messrs. Meyer & Jehne are offering
a splendid pair of Percheron Mares
for sale.

No doubt many of our readers will
profit by reading the ad. of Mr. Davis
T. Williams in another column.

Poland Chinas at farmers' prices and
fanciers' breeding can be had of Mr.
W. M. Jones.

Duroc Jersey Hogs are growing in
popularity in this State. Mr. S. A.
Whittaker is offering some nice pigs.
Look up his ad.

Minor's Fluid, a splendid disinfect-
ant and dip, is advertised by Mr. A.
L. French, Southern Agent.

J. F. Durrette has a splendid offer-
ing of Poland Chinas, Shorthorns and
Shropshires.

Another new advertiser in this is-
sue is the Benvenue Stock Farm. Aber-
deen Angus Cattle are offered.

Mr. H. Swineford is offering some
nice two-months old Berkshires.

The Medical College of Virginia has
its announcement on another page.
This splendid old institution is worthy
of the patronage of our readers.

Look up the ad. of the Foos Mfg.
Co. ^.n excellent Corn Harvester is
offered.

Sloan's Liniment has an attractive
card on another page.

L. G. Jones is offering some superior
Essex Pigs, which are guaranteed to
give satisfaction, or money refunded.

A man who always goes about with
a sore face and continues to use toilet
and laundry soaps is not entitled to
sympathy. He deserves censure. On-
ly painful, sore, and even diseased,
faces are to be expected. Such soaps
are bound to bring such face trouble.
They were never intended for the deli-
cate skin of the face. Nothing but the
purest, best shaving soaps should be
used — soaps made specially for shav-
ing. Williams' Shaving Soap is pre-
eminently the best for the purpose.
The advertisement elsewhere suggests
a free sample — a good way to And out
what really good shaving soap means.

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A.

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day.
Clears all stumps In a circle of lftO ft. withorjt
moving or changing machine, Strongest, molt
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mfg. Co.. 413 17th St., Centrevllle. Iowa.

The Monarch Stump Puller.

The best on earth; you make no mistake In
buying of a man of 5 years expedience in pulling
stumps. We set up ibe Puller and guarantee
satisfaction before we want your money. 5
sizes. Write for catalogue and prices.
JOS. W RITCHIE, State Agent, R. F. D. No.
39, Grottoes, Va.

Monarch Stump Puller

Will pull stump 7-ft. In
diameter. Guaranteed to
stand a strain of 260,000
lbs. For catalogue and
discount on first machine
address

MONARCH GRUBBER CO..
Lone Tree, Iowa.

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate Mills

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

615

sag Won*

Safe and^Quick.

i J*veet Ffiddcr &

r 3$8o Ear^jLost $&&
Write for *«4tial

and FERTILIZER

DRILL

^mm The YORK FORCE FEET> PKIIX cc-

bin -a lightness with strrn-th. Must roin,.l.'te drill
mrulti yc -on. plex gearing to Ret out of order. Boiea
an- ''lose to ground. Fully

Write for free
— «_ — .— w »— *— »- *— — catalogue.
SPANGLER MFG. CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa.

PLANTERS,

Leffei

Engines

and boilers

are the standards of

excellence *

herever known. They

find a host

f uses on plantation

d are so reasonable

of all. We

make them like cut.

horizontal.

mounted, etc., from

3H. P. up.

Write today telling

WEST POINT IN AUGUST, 1904.

(Mary Washington.)
As so many Southern parents have
sons at West Point, your correspon-
dent being on a visit to that place,
fancies that some items about it may
possess interest for the readers of the
Southern Plantee. Its location is so
beautiful that I doubt whether even
Switzerland can surpass it. Moun-
tains and water combine to produce
the perfection of scenery, whilst the
stately buildings and military exer-
cises going on upon the grounds lend
life and animation to the scene. The
young men receive the finest and most
efficient training both mentally and
physically; nor is their spiritual train-
ing neglected either. They have a
very faithful and zealous chaplain, and
the Y. M. C. A. seems to have taken
firm root amongst them. "Duty, honor,
country" is the official motto of the
Academy, and it is the constant aim
of the officers and instructors in charge
to train their pupils to act up to this
high standard. Absolute truthfulness
is insisted upon, and should any of the
cadets be guilty of prevarication, even
if it should not come to the knowledge
of the officers, it would expose the de-
linquent to such loss of caste amongst
his comrades that existence would be
scarcely endurable for him at West
Point.

In summer the cadets go in camp, re-
maining there till August 28th, when
they return to barracks. One class is
annually allowed a furlough, those who
have been there two years, and this is
the only one they have till graduation,
when, they are allowed to spend the
summer with their families before be-
ing assigned to duty in the autumn.
Study is intermitted in the summer,
but the drills and other martial exer-
cises go on as usual. It is a gay place
in summer, with a large floating pop-
ulation, mostly feminine, and consist-
ing mostly of mothers and sisters of
the cadets. These young men thus re-
ceive the finishing touch of polish by
association with refined and cultured
worsen. Three nights in a week they
have a hop in the beautiful Cullum Me-
morial Hall, built entirely for pur-
poses of festivity, and it is a charm-
ing sight to see lovely young girls
gliding along the brilliantly lighted
ball-room (it has 340 incandescent
lights on the ceiling), with the "spick
and span" looking cadets, who dance
with a peculiar and stately grace. Be-
tween dances they sit on the portico
overlooking the Hudson, which (espe-
cially on a moonlight night) is beauti-
ful as a dream. On the intervening
three nights there is an open air con-
cert, and the cadets sit out on the
gro'ind? with their relatives or other
visitors. Indeed, there is always some-
thing interesting going on, and nothing
delights the spectators more than the
daily dress parade and guard mount-
ing, which are accompanied by the
animated strains of the brass band.
You see mothers and sisters galore on

What Do You

Think of This?

During the past year 15 farmers of Mesa
County, Colo., have asked for our catalog about

Electric Steel Wheels

and the

Electric Handy Wagon

Up to date 14 of them have purchased either a
wagon or a set of wheels.

Does that mean anything?

It proves that we have a reasonable proposi-
tion. We say that the Electric wide-tired, steel

Electric

wheels will save you more labor and make you
more money in a year than any other thing yon
could put upon the farm. Several hundred thous-
and farmers who have tried them say the same
thing. By every test they prove
to be the best. The spokes are
united with hub solid, can't work /^
loose. Tour mnn.,._v back if they fidg/g
do. We don't a^k you to take our £=F«-
word for it. Bend for our book; j^
read what others say anduseyour
own judgment. Our catalogue is
sent free for the asking.

Electric Wheel Co.

Box 146
Quincy, Illinois.

UGGIES

SURRIES,
DAYTONS,
RUNABOUTS,

SPINDLE -WAGONS, CARTS.

etc. 8' different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our DriceB
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 E. Main street.
Richmond, Va.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

»nd send. Buggj Wheels. Steel Tire on, . $7.85
I With Rubber Tires, $16.00. I mfg. wheels % to4ln.
1 tread. Top Buggies. f28.75 ;Harness, $360- Writefor

catalogue. Learohow to nuv vehicles end pnrtsdireot.
1 Wagon Umbrella lUEK.W.V.HOOlt.tiucinuatl, a

Running Streams

Burch Tattoo Marker

For nan In Earn of

Horses,

Cattle,
Sheep,
Swine and Dogs

F. S. BURCH & CO

-it.-.hlu

For purposes of

identifies-

qqA tion i

Doee not dicitiKaro
-larkertllteil
_orFlgDre.

$2.8& postpaid.

144 Illinois St., Chicago.

616

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

| Clark'. Ret. Bnsb Plow and Harrow
fa track 5 fi. .vide. 1 it.
deep. Connects the .ab-
ater. It Is au ex-
cellent uiacblne for
g in sugftr r-ane.
gmitanlted.
Can plow >. newly cut
'forest, stump. bush, or
kog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Doable Action Cutaway
Barrow moves 15,090 tooa oil
artb lo a day.
Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

Made single or double

One or two furrows five

■to ten Inches deep: 14

wide. For two or

four horses. Light draft.

No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's eraes tools are u=ed
Mdirectedin ji~ ^-r»«? circular, we. the C. H Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant" that
rrows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.

THE CUTAWAY MARROW CO.,

Hlggaaum. Ct.. U. S. A.

verLzer, Clod

We also manufacture old reliable Rice Heaters.

VARIA6lE'fRICT)dNftfD'
4X0 200 HORSE POWfR'

ftt. and m f d oolr by us AN) Lith, Mungle asd I
Stare Sills. Placers, Water Vbada. etc Cneap-st '
and best Hay Baler. We Pay the Freipht.
DeLOdCHMllX MANTJFACTUX'G CO \mW\
Bos 0,u Catalog Free «••—•»

HARRIS HARDWARE CO.

409 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va..
Breech-Loading Shotguns $3.85

Pocket Knives
Rilles
Revolvers
Robin Hood
Loaded Shells

Bicycles and Sundries.
Hunting Leggins
Razors and Scissors
Hunting Coats
Gun Covers

WE ARB AGENTS FOR GOOD THINGS.

[September,

this occasion, straining their eyes to
detect in the ranks the gallant boy who
is the especial object of their interest.
Amongst the exercises (or diver-
sions) practiced at West Point is the
game of polo, on which the bystanders
look with an interest rendered more
intense by the sense of danger attend-
ing it. Only the cadets of the first
class are allowed to participate in this,
as it requires a very stalled rider!
Football is the foremost of all games
with the cadets, as it is at all the col-
leges. Every November the West
Point and Annapolis football teams
meet in Philadelphia and have a con-
test, in which West Point has always,
of late years, come out victorious. A
family having one son in the army and
another in the navy (as so many have)
would be quite perplexed as to which
side of this contested game they should
sympathize with. In addition to its
intrinsic merits and beauties, West
Point possesses a peculiar interest to
Southerners from the fact that nearly
all of our great heroes were trained
here — Lee, Jackson and others belong-
ing to the Confederate Army.

"The goodliest fellowship of famous
knights whereof this world holds re-
cord."

It is easy to see that West Point is
proud of these men, almost as much
so as the South is. They feel some-
what of the same sentiment expressed
by Jeremiah: "Is Ephraim my dear
son? Is he a pleasant child? For
since I spake against him, I do ear-
nestly remember him still." They
earnestly and proudly remember still
our great Lee, Jackson and other
heroes.

One of the first things that attracts
a Southerner's eye on entering the ves-
tibule of the West Point library is a
printed list of the graduates who be- j
came generals in the Confederate army. J
Of these there were 8 generals of the
first order. 14 lieutenant-generals, 45 I
major-generals, and 79 brigadier-gen- ',
erals. A few amongst these were men j
of Northern birth, who had married or
settler] in the South, and who cast in
their lot with us.

In the library I found an entertain-
ing book on "Life at West Point," the
author of which says: "During the !
twenty years or more that preceded
the civil war the men were graduated .
who made that war the most notable
one in mankind's history, and the
most imposing one of modern times in
the numbers of men engaged on both
sides. The civil war, as far as leader-
ship went, was an exhibition of the
practical results of West Point train-
ing. The greatest men on both sides
were graduates of the Military Acad-
emy. It is interesting in this connec-
tion to trace the different branches of
service from which the leading Con-
federate svmerals came. Lee < class of
1829), and Beauregard (1838) left
West Point as engineers. Early
(1837). A. P. Hill (1841), D. H. Hill
(1842). Longstreet (1842), Jackson

UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCINB

HAfl BEEN FULLY
TESTED AND FOUND
SUPERIOR TO *".
OTHERS.
Will fit uneven
ground without
cutting. Every part

perfectly. Made of
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh
at the bottom for, small chicks. We also make
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest
poultry fan-is are using this fence — over 700 rods
by Lakewood (X. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from
N. V., Chicaeo, or San Francisco. Write for
freejcatalogof Farm, Lawn and Poultiy Fencing.

CASE BROS.. Box 340, Colchester, Conn.*

WIRE • FENCE

ilenvy lateral wires, heavy liarrt Meel stars, toll-
ed spring wire. Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prlcea.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO.. Cu,ahoga Falls, 0.

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire
FENCES 8ND GBTES

If your dealer does not have ou»
goods in stock vou can buy direct
at Manufacturers' Price. Writ*
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio.

. : 1.

'.: } . . fc.

> L,

THERE'S NO SUBSTITUTE

for Page Fence, if you need Page Fence quality.
Page Woven Wire Fence Co. b*ox 57 Adrian. Mich.

LAWN FENCE

Many designs. Cheap a*
wood. 82 .

free. Special Price* lo On*
t«rle*»ndllinrrhe-.
COILED SPKINGFi:ML*',>.
Box 4 Winchester, Id

JJjLUJJ I

FARM FENCE

■B PRICE AND QUALITY

: WILL PLEASE YOU —
SEl write us now.

WORKS- Louisville.Ky;

FENCE!

MADE. Bab

strong. Chicken
tight. Sold to the Farmer at w hvl.uk
FrWa, fallj Wafra.ted^Caralog Fre*

Bai >£

coilid HPRiye reni co,

WUthMUr, Iadlaaa, C. 8. a

WIRCT CPSIPr »t Wholesale. A4Mnco
■■■■& * E^llUC stock IcnccgScptr rod.
Send for price list and FKKK catalogue ol Wir»
Fence and full line of Fence supplies.
W. H. MASON & CO., Box 80 Latsburg. Ohio.

FOR SALE CHEAP.

A HARDING HUMMER ENSILAGE and
FEED CUTTER, No. 14, almost new
(Blower). Requires 10 horse power; my en-
gine only 6 horse reason for selling. Price,
}fW cash t. o. b. Cost $108. A. L. FRENCH,
i'.yrdvllle, Va.

1904.1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

617

Turf Oats

*/

The Largest Yielding.

Heaviest Grain, Finest Quality

Oats Grown.

As hardy as wheat if sown early. Not attacked
with fly or rust. Stand up well. Afford the
finest Fall, Winter and Spring pasture, and
afterwards yield 60 to 70 bushels per acre of
the finest, heaviest, grained Oats grown.

©IH? FALL CATALOGUE
Gives infonnation about the best seeds for
Fall sowing. Contains inn roved Seed Wheat.
Barley, Rye. Rape, 1,000 Headed Kale, Al-
falfa. Crass, Clover, and Vegetable Seeds.

"How to Grow Paper -Shell Pecans

FKEE, if you mention Southern Planter.
Best varieties in U.S. True to variety
Cions cut from bearing trees by mem-
ber of firm. Full descriptive Catalogue
of ALL FRUIT trees, free
B. W. STONE & CO , Tbomasville, G*

Reliable Seeds

Crimson and White Blooming .'ee-
man Cluver, Rape Vetrhes. Alfalfa,
and all varieties fi^ain and Grass beeds.
We have n nice stock of ONION SETS
uno GARDEN sEEDS for fall planting.
VI rite as for quotations, v'> 11 ord rs
ittentfon. Fend us your
'i 1 you will -.,'er pooj seed every
time.

3 DIGGS & BEADLES,

1709 E. Pranklin St.,
RICHMOND, - . VIRGINIA.
Catalogue mailed tree en u quest.

..

FUMA

/iophers,
Grain Insects,
wheels of the sods g
alow hut exceedii
vil. but you can stop the

?;! u! " Fuma Carbon Bisulphide "JreSX'

EDWARIl R. TAYLOR, Peno Yan, N. Y

jEarLabels

ITS EHTDPU Ifor SHEEP, HOGS
r*3.DUnL>n |and CATTLE, from

(1846), and Johnston (1846), were all
infantrymen, whilst Ewell (1840) was
of the Dragoons, and Stuart of the
mounted rifles."

In looking over a scrap-hook in the
library, tilled with clippings relating
to West Point, my attention was ar-
rested by the subjoining one, taken
from "The Oregonian," Portland, June
12, 1902:

"In our great civil war distinguish-
ed graduates of West Point fought on
both sides of the terrible conflict. The
number of graduates who served in
the Confederate army were 299, and of
these 151 became general officers.
There are more West Pointers propor-
tionately found amongst prominent
Confederate generals than on the
Union side, the Confederates having
from the outset relied more on their
West Pointers, and less upon political
and militia officers than the North.
Out of the civil war, on both sides,
came the lesson that in a long war the
trained soldier makes the best general.
Hundreds of volunteer officers made
brilliant brigade comanders before the
close of the war. Some made excel-
lent division commanders, hut not
more than three or four proved them-
selves able to command an army corps.
The truth is, the South carried over
to its cause proportionately more of the
talent of West Point than the North
prominent Confederate Gen-
erals were Lee, Beauregard, Bragg, Joe
Johnston, Sydney Johnston. Stonewall
Jackson, Longstreet, "Jeb" Stuart,
Pickett, Heth. Early, S. D. Lee, A. P.
Hill, D. H. Hill, Ewell, Hardie. Van
Dorn, McLaws, Bee, Wheeler, Field,
Wilcox and Pegram. The Union army
included Grant, Sherman, Sheridan,
Hancock and many other stout leaders
of superior ability, but the Confederate
list carries with it a higher military
average."

In a clipping from another paper
(The New York Times) I read the fol-
lowing: "West Pointers, professionally,
are equally as proud, and with as good
reason, of the Confederate generals as
of those on the Union side."

Jefferson Davis was also a graduate
of West Point, and was amongst the
many Southern officers who distin-
guished themselves in the Mexican
war. In 1860, about nine months
before the civil war broke out, Jeffer-
son Davis was appointed to head a
board for examining into the system of
instruction and discipline at West
Point, and recommending changes, con-
ducing to greater < ificiency, but the
war came on so soon afterwards that
the recommendations of the board were
not acted on.

Robert E. Lee was appointed super-
intendent of West Point in 1852, a posi-
tion which he held until 1855, when he
was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel of
the Second Regiment of cavalry, with
which he served in Texas.

Warranted
to give satisfaction.

GOMBAULT'S

CAUSTIC BALSAM

A safe, speedy
positive cure

(or

Curb , Splint, Sweeny , Capped Hock,
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs,
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.
Removes all Bunches from Horses or
Cattle.

Everv bottle of Caustic Balaam sold is
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1.50
per bottle. Sold by drupelets, or sent by ex-
press, charges paid, with full directions for its
nse. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-
nials, etc. Address
THE LAWRENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.

Bone Spavin, Bo? Spavin. Ringbone o.

any kind of bleuiish-we have wtiat you
need to make a certain cure, guaranteed
always-money right back 11 It ever falls.

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid)

for the soft bnnches-Paste for the hard
ones. A 45-mlnute application and the
lameness Roes. Lots of blemish lnfor
mation In the free book we send.

arvd

)F©11 Evil

_„ yourself what horse doctors
charge big prices for trying to do.
Cure Fistula or Poll Evil In fifteen
to thirty days.

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure

Is a wonder— guaranteed to cure any
case— money back if it fails. Nocuttlng—
no scar. Leaves the horse Bound and
smooth. Write for our free book on
diseases and blemishes of horses.

FI.EM1NC BROS., Chemists,
880 L'nlon Stock Yards, Chicago, 111-

I, DEATH TO HEAVES^

NEWTON'9 Heave, Cough, Dis-
temper :ind Indlgeetltm iure.
A veterinary specific for wind,

>^ The Now

Toledo, Ohio.

"$1.00 per 100 up.
Best on toe market. Send for Free Catalogue Stockmen's
Supplies. F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St. Chicago.

Mpntlon the Southebn Planteb In
writing.

NO riORE BLIND HORSES.

For Specific Opt .alrnin, Mo».i Blindness, «nd
other Sore Eyes, Bnrry Co., Iowa City, la havea
sure cure.

FOR KVK.i:YT!IIX': :
NEVi OK SECOND-HABD;
SOLD uk RENTED.
Write for prices

RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va.

618

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

OATS and RYE

-e l--ge, fiiil grains require
a complete fertilizer rich in

POTASH

BOOKS FREE

Write to-day for our valuable
books on "Fertilization. " The
information contained in them
means money to you. Address:
GERMAN KALI WORKS

ShED OATS

FOR SALE

1,200 Bushels Virginia Winter
Grey or Turf.

These oats were sown In the Fall; are of
a very superior quality and EXTRA HE/.w
Grown in Albemarle County, in the Pied-
mont section of Virginia, where the best seed
oats obtainable are produced. Samples sent
on application. Addreai WOODSIDE
FARM, P. O. Box 145, Charlottesville, Va.

THE

NUT NURSERY GO.

MONTICELLO FLA.

Growers of FANCY and RAR1; VARTFfPTF!!3
by grafting in all of the more Important
species of nuts. We have probably the
FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PECANS in
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F.
JONES. Manager.

Strawberry Plants,
Trees, etc.

*1.60 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY
PLANTS, and if you are not satisfied with
them, you can get your money back. Send
for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R.
F. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenn.

Extra Fine Seed Grain For Sale

Golden Chaff wheat ) ..

Everett's High Grade wheat/ beardless
Red Wonder wheat baairded
Virginia Winter dray or Turf oats

All these varieties are strictly No 1 seed
grain.

Price wheat $1.50: Oats 75 cts per bushel.
W. M. W ATKINS and SONS, Saxe Va.

I NOTES FROM THE WEST.

\ Notwithstanding that Minneapolis
! is the wheat converting centre of the
country, the average wheat yield of
Minnesota is only that of the average
of the United States — about 14 bushels
per acre. Fourteen bushels — how ridi-
culously meagre? Five years from
now it will be much larger. Why,
again? Because the State has one of
the best State Farms and Experiment
Stations in the country, and its work
in wheat breeding has become famous
in the cereal world. The State Farm
has bred wheat with increased yield of
18 per cent. This means an increase,
upon the same acreage, of fifteen mil-
lion bushels of Minnesota No. 1 red
spring wheat. It would mean an in-
crease as applied to the whole United
States of nearly three bushels per
acre, or over a hundred million bush-
els. The process is simple, as related
to me by Professor Hays, the State
Agriculturist. The first step is sim-
ply a matter of selection. Each wheat
seed is self-pollinating, and it will
come true to seed. In a bushel of
wheat there are various kinds. Some
of the seed will produce at the rate of
15 bushels per acre; some at 20 bush-
els, and some perhaps at 25 bushels,
on good land. It is a question of se-
lecting out the best seed. The first
I year's step is to take some good wheat
I and plant a large number of grains,
about four inches apart. Out of the
I whole lot the very best 50 grains are
selected and planted the following
year. Out of this crop the best 50
are selected, which will be better than
the 50 of the preceding year. And so
on for several years. Finally, after
eight or ten years 50 wheat kernels
will result much superior to the origi-
nal seed, and, as in the case of Pro-
fessor Hays' experiment, these were
then planted for seed, and as soon as a
sufficient amount had been accumu-
lated, distributed among farmers and
seedmen. who are rapidly introducing
the improved seed throughout the State
in place of the common seed. The
more complex part of the experiment
is the artificial crossing or hybridizing
of different plants of this improved
sub-variety. Professor Hays believes
it is not too much to expect that 15
bushel wheat can be selected and bred
up first to 20 bushel wheat, and later to
25 bushel wheat.

"But I would not dare predict this,"
he said, "because people are impatient
for immediate results, and such ac-
complishments are secured only by
long and patient, systematic effort."
Professor Hays' accomplishments,
however, already performed, even
should they go no further, rank him
as one of the foremost of the scientific
agriculturists of the day who do things.

Popping of
lamp-chim-
neys is music
to grocers.
Macbeth.

If you use a wrong chimney, you lose a
good deal of both light and comfort, and
waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on
chimneys.

Do you want the Index ? Write me.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

AGK1CULIUKAL LIME,

HARDWOOD ASHES.

Virginia and Maine Grown Seed Potatoes.
Paris Ciieen, Paris Green Mixture,

Bug Death.
Land Plaster, Fertilizers, etc

Horse am! Hand power Sprayers,
Shipping Packages

for fruits and vegetables.

WRITK FOR TRICES.

PERCY L. BANKS

Box 182, Norfolk, Va.

Ginseng. Golden Seal andiSeneca Snake Root.
Don't take but few square yards to pay
more dividends than a whole farm planted In
anything else. Send stamp for particulars,
prices, etc. J. L. GIBSON, Bryson City,
H. C.

GINSENG 4. RAW FURS

Wanted; full value for your goods. Write
for price lists. Address H. C. METCALF,
Alstead. N. H.

large bushv roots From Im-
ported seeds. t;..ldeh self Blanching. White
IMuine, Giant Pascal, Golden Heart. Sl.ftOper 1000;
'.We. per 600.

F. W ROCHELLE, Chester. N.J.

THE HESSLER$1 MAILBOX.

The appointment of W. M. Hays,
Professor of Agriculture in the Uni-
versity of Minnesota, prominently
mentioned as the President's probable
choice for Assistant Secretary of Agri-

Best, Cheap-
est and Host
Durable flail

Box

the

Market. Full
G o v eminent
size and ap-
proved bv Pot-
master Gen-
eral Price of
boxes. Si 00.
Bra-s locks,
with chain, 36
cents. We make a discount on dozen lota.
Circular" Free, t Triers shipped promptly.
Beautiful Souvenir Button mailed free on ap-
plication.
H. E. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

6 19

FARM MAPS.

Have you a map of your farm, or is
your old map torn and falling to pieces?
I make a specialty of farm map making,
and should be glad to make you a nice
map. If you haven't a map, copy the
metes and bounds from your deed (be
careful in copying), and mail to me; or if
you want your old map copied, mail it to
me. My maps are made on best quality
mapping cloth (doesn't tear or fade), and
look well framed and hung on the wall.
Are you satisfied that your farm contains
as many acres as you paid for? or are
you buying or selling land and wish to
know the area without going to the
trouble and expense of a new survey? If
so. let me calculate the area for you from
the old notes on your deed. Many of our
old surveyors were very careless with
their calculations, and I may save you
many times my small charge for calcu-
lating.

My charges are: For maps, $2.00 each;
for calculating area, 10 sides or under,
$1.00; 10c. extra for each side over 10.

DAVID T. WILLIAMS,
Civil Engineer and Surveyor, 336 Main
St., Danville. Va.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A fire Insurance Association for Farmers of
Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1899; amount Insured
lanuary 9, 1904, $«'0,600; policies secured by
real and personal property, estimated value,
$1,000,000. -end for statement of plan and book
ofmembershlploCHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester, Va.

WANTED,

A POSITION as far manager by a thor-
oughly experienced man. Up in all branches,
Ten years at last place. Can control some
pood labor. Unquestionable references fur-
nished. Address FARMER, care of The
Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

A "WorKing Manager.

Wanted for a small farm in Virginia. Must
be a man of experience and push, under-
standing the care of live stock and the work-
ing of improved farm machinery. Only those
with the best of recommendations need ap-
ply. DR. THOS. W. KAY. 345 Wyoming
avenue, Scranton, Pa.

..Working Foreman..

for large farm, wanted. Man with boys old
enough for farm work preferred. Must be a
hustler and up-to-date farmer. Best refer-
ences required. Address P. O. Box 55, Green-
wood, Albemarle county, Va.

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels. Ducks, SwanB. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,

718 Twelfth St. N. W.. Washington 0. C

..Second Hand Bags..

Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, anywhere.
I pay the freight. GEO. T. KING, Rich-
mond, Va.

Mention the Southkik Planteb Id
writing.

culture, would bring to that office not
only one of the most practical farmers
of the country, but a man thoroughly
abreast of the times regarding the
needs of greater agricultural education
in the country schools. In fact, Pro-
fessor Hays is considerable in advance
of public thought upon this subject,
and is, along with a few other far-
sighted educators, endeavoring to drag
public opinion after him.

"By their fruits ye shall know
them." This instructor of young men
and women is not a theorist. He has
educated hundreds of boys and girls in
better methods of farming, and they
have gone back to the farm to make
of that business the greatest possible
success. Minnesota and the northern
Mississippi Valley owe much to him,
and his appointment as Assistant Sec-
retary of Agriculture would greatly
broaden the scope of his valuable work.
Secretary Wilson and Professor Hays
entertain the highest regard for each
other.

A Washington man who holds a gov-
ernment position has a fine little flock
of hens and sells from two to six
dozen eggs a week, besides what his
family consumes. He asks from two
to four cents more for his eggs than
the store price, according to the season.
He gets it, and he could sell twice as
many eggs right among his fellow
clerks. Why? Because they all know
that these eggs are absolutely fresh,
and only the city dweller, who has to
eat stale and limed eggs, knows how
to appreciate fresh ones. If this can
be done on a small scale by personal
contact between the producer and the
consumer, it can be done on a commer-
cial basis by any farmer or poultry
owner, providing he takes the same
care which the Washington govern-
ment clerk does.

Have you read Kipling's "Jungle
Book," in a chapter of which he tells
about Letting in the jungle? The in-
habitants of the jungle make it so un-
comfortable for the man family of a
nearby community by concerted at-
tacks, that the humans leave the vi-
cinity in despair and in a short time
the jungle, with its rapid growth of
vegetation, again holds full sway and
all but obliterates the efforts of puny
man to reclaim it from the wilderness.
In a recent trip through such prosper-
ous farming States as Maryland, Ohio,
Indiana and Illinois, I noted many in-
stances of the letting in of the jungle.
Land which had been bravely cleared
and planted to cultivated crops had
been, after a few years, allowed to go
back and to grow up to weeds, bram-
bles and scrub. No dangerous wild
beasts lurk therein, but the seeds of
sloth, indolence and bad management
had everywhere sprung into promi-
nence, and the land has become well-
nigh as unproductive and as non-con-
tributing to the human community as
did the Indian jungle. Year after year

Millboro Springs

College,

FOR YOUNG LADIES.

2,200 feet above sea level. Located in the
heart of the Alleghanies. Pure spring waters.
Preparatory and College courses. Special ad-
vantages in Music, Art and Elocution. Home
care and training. Session begins Sept. 27,
1904. Terms, moderate. Address J. GRA-
HAM DAVIDSON, Milboro Springs, Bath
county, Va.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute,

tState Agricultural and Mechanical College)

AT BLACKSBURG. VA.
A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECH-
NOLOGY.
64 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops^
Laboratories, and Infirmary Farm of 400
acres Steam heating and electric lights la
dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture,
Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri-
cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gen-
eral Science. Shorter courses in P™£»o«I
Agriculture and Practical Mechanics Total
cost of session of nine months, including tui-
tion and other fees, Board, Washing, Text-
Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc.,
$222 Cost to State students,J182. Next ses-
sion begins Sept. 21, 1904. F°^aVjl01f2eYr^d
other information, apply to J. M. McBRYDh,,
Ph. D., LL. D.. President.

School of Accomplishments.

Music, Art, Languages.

SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER 15th.

18 Iowa Circle N. W. , Washington, D. C.

MRS. ROUTT-JOHNSON, Principal.

Scarr's Fruit Preservative.

from pure materials, this Preservative does not
impair the flavor. Absolutely *«™Ueu. H
your drugxist or grocer cannot supply you,
write direct to us.

SCARRS FRUIT PRESERVATIVE CO.

Statesville, N. C.

620

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER

[September,

Northern

Virginia

Farms

Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, bal
ance cleared; 1J miles from station
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable i room house
Fine water. Five miles from statlot
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.
No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one
half miles from station. Forty acres
timber, balance cleared. Fine land
In good condition. Good 7 roon
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $2'.
per acre.

No. 23.— 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 25.— 175 acres. Grain and Blue
Grass farm in Rockbridge county, 1$
miles from Buena Vista. Fine condi
tion. Nice home. Price, $5,300.

No. 28—516 acres. Grain and Blut
Grass Farm, 1J miles from Buena
Vista. First class condition. Hand
some home; all modern equipments
Price, $16,000.

No. 34.— 50 acres. Truck and fruli
farm. 12 miles from aWshington, neai
railroad station. Excellent condition
All improved selected fruit. Price
$5,600.

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in LoudouL
county, 3J miles from rail. Price
$1,600.

No^ 33.— 400 acre farm in Loudouc
county. Good grain and grazing land
Price, $7,500.

No. 35. — 400 acre farm in Loudon r.
county. Excellent grain and grast
land. Modern improved buildings
Price, $8,000.

No. 36.-275 acre farm in Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land
Good buildings. Refined and edu
cated citizens. Prire, $7,000.

See April and May Issue of South
ebn Planter for description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER,

HERNDON, VA.

goes by and such lands lie practically
idle, sustaining useless growths, where,
by a little foresight and small guid-
ance, the stores of fertility might be
converted into useful and sightly
groves of nut, post or wood-bearing
trees, even admitting that it is im-
practicable to work farm crops. There
will never be a lack of a good market
for locust or catalpa posts, railroad ties
or telegraph and telephone poles, and
there is no latitude or longitude in the
country where some useful and profit
making tree will not make a merchant-
able growth on the poorest soil. The
years slip by rapidly, and useful, quick
growing trees soon add large value to
vacant land. If eight or ten years
does not bring them into actual mar-
ketable condition, it increases the
value of the land they occupy, just as
a two-thirds matured crop of wheat
makes land more valuable than that
which lies fallow; only that land once
planted to trees yields a continuous
annual crop for a man's lifetime.

Experiments recently made in
France for the purpose of ascertaining
the nutritive value of salt for sheep
show that sheep which had been fed
salt gained in weight four and one-
half pounds more than those which
received no salt. Moreover, the sheep
which received salt produced one and
three-fourths pounds more wool and of
a better quality than those 'which re-
ceiver no salt.

A report from Tennessee shows that
the farmers of that State spend an-
nually about $1,500,000 for fertilizers,
whereas the droppings from the one
million head of cattle of all classes in
j that State, according to results ob-
I tained at the Ontario Agricultural Sta-
; tion, are worth about $40 a head a
! year. It will be seen that an appall-
I ing waste is going on when one con-
siders how insignificant an amount of
I stable manure is being placed on our
farms.

The English are great consumers of
bacon. A vast majority of the people
of that country eat bacon for break-
tasl ai li ast six mornings out cf seven
throughout the year.

Guy E. Mitchell.

"CHICKEN CHAT. '

valuable

"'' ' ' Zenner Disin-

reet, De-

!

'° whi om is heir an

i them. Everybo ly who

in either small or large

hi !' ■ I hed frei

1 !. above address.

HOMES- i c

FIND THEM.

Mo place in the United States can a
man do so well at farming, for tt e money
invested, as< in Virginia. Lands are
cheap; climate good, and the best of
markets close at hand. It is the State
of all others, for a comfortable all the
year round home. The James Kiver
Valley Colonization and Improvement
Company ofier superior advantages to
land purchasers. For free 36 page land
pamphlet, address

W. A. PARSOMS, Vfnlta, Va.

C &0 Main St. Depot Richmond, Va.

J

The best grazing section of Virginia, Blue
grass Indigenous. If you are Interested In
fruit growing or trucking, you can find no
better country In the United States.

BUY THE BEST and send for our free
Real Estate Bulletin, it will help you And It.

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND
AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krennlng,
General Managers, Wytbevtlle, Va,

*/To Homeseekers**

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. W«
will gladly mail you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt.,
G. P A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

The rain it raineth every day
Upon the just and unjust fellows;

But. chiefly on the just, because,
The unjust take the just's umbrellas.

FCR SALE

— OR

FARM on SHARES

I will sell all or one-half my dairy business,
or I will give the right man an Interest In
profits to superintend same. A bargain for a
good man. Apply OAK HILL STOCK AND
DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va.

D. & W. R-y.

Northern Virginia,

drain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue Orass Farms of

every Class within one hour of Washington, I). C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Forms a Specialty

Catalogue on application.

BUELL CO. SON.

al E*

Br

Farfax*Co.. Va.

For Exchange

A Florida Seashore Hotel, open the year
round. Nets the owner over J5.000 annually;
will exchange for a fully stocked farm In
Virginia or adjacent State; must come North
on account of health. J. T. FLOURNOY,
793 Ocean Ave., Jersey City, N. J.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

621

Old Virginia Farms

25, BO, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly improved and conve-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK-
ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich-
mond, Va.

630"ACRE FARM

Near Keysville. Va., for sale at $4.00 per
acre. This farm is well wooded and watered;
about half of it is in original growth timber
valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx-
ious to sell. Correspondence Invited. T. E.
ROBERTS, Chase City, Va.

FARM LANDS.

The best locations, choicest lands in Vir-
ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit, Poultry, Dairy,
Stock. For information address REAL ES-
TATE TRUST COMPANY, Richmond, Va.

Owners desiring to list farms in new cata-
logue now in preparation will write at once
to W. M. Cary, Manager Farms Department.
No charge for listing property.

319 ACRE FARM

in Russell county, Va., for sale; fine grain
and blue grass farm, under a high state of
cultivation. Finely watered, containing five
large limestone springs. Can be purchased
reasonable. Parties interested are requested
to call and see or address STEELE BROS.,
Raven, Va.

/ Can ScU Your Farm...

If located in one of these Virginia counties:
Frlnce George, Chesterfield, King William
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen.
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

"In the Green FteMs of Virginia."

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi-
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL sizes
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL
reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMt

S3 PEW ACRE AND UPWARDS

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO.. Richmond, Va

Established 1875.

.'.Ml

market!
For furth

EIUC EADMC ,u ihe great fruit grain ann
Hit rflnlYlO stock section of VIRGINIA
e3l climate and water in the O. S. Near grea'
tlh best educational advantage*
Information address
ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sah'e. B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville. V»

Go South

For full par-
ticulars writt
A. JEFFERS
' Norfolk, Va.

THE LABOR DIFFICULTY.
Editor Southern Planter:

In the July number of The Planter,
I noted an article by Mr. Camm Pat-
teson, and his utterance in regard to
the labor situation in the South es-
pecially caught my attention. As we
have all felt the necessity of an im-
provement in the quality of labor on
the farm for some years past, I beg
to call attention to the means em-
ployed by some of the Northwestern
States to add to the supply of good
farm labor in the past. I think that
both Minnesota and Wisconsin have in
past years sent commissioners to Eu-
rope, especially to the Scandinavian
countries, to encourage emigration to
their States. The result was an an-
nual stream of emigrants from those
countries, who, in a short time, not
only became good farm laborers, but
skilled and trusted help in factory and
office, and some of the most prosper-
ous and law-abiding citizens of those
States. The situation must be growing
desperate when men can make propo-
sitions like the one made by Dr. Laf-
ferty, viz.: the introduction of Chinese
coolie labor on the farm. In the first
place, a Chinaman will not become a
citizen, and for that reason the United
States has seen fit to exclude him by
law, and, if the law should be repealed,
there would be the race problem in his
case — the same as we now have with
the negro — and I have my doubt about
the Chinese coolies being more trust-
worthy laborers than the negro.

Mr. Editor, my question is this: If
we have to supplant the negro with
other labor, why not get a good class
of white labor, that will eventually
make good citizens, and add materi-
ally to the wealth and producing power
of the State. I have often thought of
calling the attention of our excellent
Commissioner of Agriculture, Mr. Koi-
ner, to this fact, and I have no doubt
that if the scheme was tried it would
prove successful, as it has in other
States.

I may state here that I am a Nor-
wegian myself, moved here from Min-
nesota a few years ago to make Vir-
ginia my future home. I see grand
opportunities for the agriculture of this
State, but the present labor situation
blocks the way of progress. I would
like to see more in The Planter about
this question. Let the Commissioner
of Agriculture take this question under
consideration, and correspond with ag-
ricultural societies in the States men-
tioned about this matter.

M. O. Elton.

• •*-• VIRGINIA FARMS •■*-•

Nice little poultry farm, lot* aor*>s Kood hou*t
and orchard. J5< O.On. Blue Grass, i-'tock am'
Prult Farms. Address PORTER .4 GATES,
Louisa, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

All prices and sizes. Ask for free list.
WM S. PiZZINI CO.. Richmond. V*.

Make Your Idle Money
Earn You Interest.

ABOUT THE BEST FOR BLISTER.

Leesburg, Va., March 24, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland,
Ohio:
I have used GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC
BALSAM quite a good deal, and I think
for a blister it's about the best I ever
used. I wish your remedy every suc-
cess. CHAS. MOTT.
Manager Mayfield Stud Farm.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Our experience proves this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of 5100.00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

JOHN B. PURCELL, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vice-Pres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prof. W. F. Massey.

383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 60c.

We offer this splendid work in connec-
tion with tho SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:

Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.25.

Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c.
Old or new subscriptions.

MILK OIL DIP

FOR

Cattle, Sheep,
Hogs.

Oldest American Dip. Cheapest!

M.. st KO.-.'tiv '. Strong.-st obtain. ibl<-.\

1 gal. can *1. 52 gal. bar

Oatalog Stookmen s Supplic- -

F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois Street. CHICAGO.

THE FONTAINE

SHOCK BINDER

at $1.50 delivered, is the greatest labor saver
ever offered to farmers. It keeps shocks dry
Inside and prevents them falling. Endorsed
by test farms of U. S., Va., N. C, 111.
Send for circular with testimonials and di-
rections for cutting and shocking corn.
Agents Wanted. FONTAINE SHOCK BIND-
ER CO., Christie, Va.

WW

GREENSBORO. N.C.

(n, tne treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE «n
nther Drug Addictions. TheTobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhausti

A neat Binder for your back nrji
bers can be had for 25 cents. Addren
our Business Office.

622

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[September,

EGGS FOR HATCHING

Strawberry Hill Poullrj Yards
B. P. KOCK-. s C. B. LEG-
HOBN*,J1.50forl5. GENUINE
ARISTOCRATS. Taken first
prize throughout 7 States.
LEGHORN COCKERELS FOR
SALE

Box 287, Richmond. Vs.

White Leghorn

Cockerels for sale. Exhibition
or breeding stock. Address

C. Q. M. FINK,
R- F. D. 2, Richmond, Va.

Piedmont Poultry Place,

"Handles notHing' but the best."

We now ofler Pure-bred POLAND-CHINA
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 weeks
old. Single pig SO: per pair 510; per trio. 814.
Some ready lor shipment May 15th. First or-
ders get best pigs.

Miss E. Callle Giles, Prop.,
Whittles Depot, Va

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. Y., 4 out of t
Blue Rock. Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa. I
straight. Roanoke. Va.. 8 out of 9. Akron
la.. 2 straights. Eggs, $2 per sitting;. Yeuat
trios, quail size. $3.

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va.

FOR SALE.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS, B. P. R.
CHICKENS, TOULOUSE GEESE. Two Hol-
stein Friesian Heifers. Five large English
Berkshire Pigs. Prices reasonable, and sat-
isfaction guaranteed. MRS. W. F. JACK-
SON, Olga P. O., Amelia county, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rock

Cockerels and Pullets for sale at prices as
low as you pay for common chickens. Good,
healthy stock. Address Mrs. W. A. ED-
WARDS, Irwin, Va.

PIEDMONT HEIGHTS FARn

has for sale a number of

S X. B LEQHORN COCKERELS.

Early hatched. $1 each. F. C. LOUHOFF
Yancey Mills, Va.

LIGHT BRAHMAS.

Pure bred stock from prize winning strains
Old and young stock for sale. Hens, $1.50-
roosters, $2.50; pullets, $1; cockerels $2 00

J. H. FRASER, Cartersville, Va. (Cumber-
land county).

Pure Bred

Barred Plymouth Rock

pullets for sale. Price, 30c
to age, if taken at once.
Irby, Nottoway county, Va.

to $1, according
WM. B. LEWIS,

Pure-Bred Buff Orpington

Cockerels for sale; $1 up, depending on
quality. Write me what you want. T. M.
KING, Queensland Farm, R. F. D. 2, Hagan,
Lee county, Va,

SUMMER DESSERTS.
There is a theory among some house-
keepers ihat the luscious fruits of sum-
mer constitute an all-sufficient dessert
during the hot months. They 'will
fix up grapes, peaches and pears in
fanciful pyramids, with leaves about
them and a knot of ribbon or flowers
on top, and waste time in carving out
rosy slices of watermelon instead of
going to work and making some des-
sert which would satisfy an old-fash-
ioned person like myself. For my part,
I prefer something more premeditated
and less simple.

I am not advocating any elaborate
course that will cost a lot and make
you work too hard. Peach ice cream
is a favorite sweet dish with every
one, and if you have plenty of soft,
ripe peaches, it can be easily made.
Before beginning, examine the ma
chinery of your freezer to see if it is
in good running order. Grease every
part lightly, and be sure to putva little
lard or oil on that socket in the pail
in which the knob of the freezer turns.
Crack up the ice in s»nall lumps and
have a little bucket of salt ready, xand
the main difficulty is over, for if your
freezer is in good order and if it is
"The Queen," you will have done in
thirty minutes from putting in the
cream.

Take one gallon of morning's milk
and sweeten with one cup of white
sugnr and pour into the freezer. Turn
rapidly ten minutes. By that time it
will begin to freeze. Have ready two
quarts of soft peaches, mashed fine
and sweetened with two cups of white
sugar. Add this to the milk and stir
well. Fasten up the freezer and turn
for twenty minutes, and a dainty, re-
freshing dessert is ready. Cover
closely with newspapers until you are
ready to serve it, and mark my words,
the men of the family will think you
the sweetest , most industrious girl in
the country, especially if you perform
this loving service with a smiling air,
instead of posing for a martyred angel.
Another summer dessert we are fond
of is baked peach dumplings. Take
one quart of fruit, add two teaspoon-
tuls of baking powder before sifting.
and work into it one cup of butter or
lard, and then a cup of sweet milk.
Roll out thin and cut into little
squares, wrap a peeled peach in each
of these pastry blankets and put side
by side in an ordinary bread pan.
This amount ought to make twenty
dumplings. They take thirty minutes
to cook with a quite hot fire. Take
two cups of sugar and mix into a
smooth paste with a half cup of butter
and a half teaspoonful of powdered
cinnamon to each of the dumplings, or
you can have just butter and sugar as a
sauce.

You can serve this same pastry for
any kind of baked fruit dumplings,
apples, damsons, any kind of berries
or preserves. Only for small fruit,
roll out into one large sheet instead

30 ANGORA GOATS

For sale at

reasonable Prices.

Kids in Pairs.

C. H. WINE, Brandy Station.Va.

MANSFIELD

STOCK FARM

1 2-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $7.00.

1 1-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $5.00.

4 Kids, Male Angora, $3.00.

Pure, but unregistered, 16 mos. old.

1 Dark Jersey Bull, out of 7 Lb. Cow, $15.

1 Steele Jersey Bull, out of 8 Lb. Cow, $15.

Also 1 nearly new Star Pea Huller, cost
$25. Will sell for $20. Used one season only.
Hand power. Will thresh and clean 6 bush-
els per hour. W. E. HAMMOND, Goochland
C. H., Va.

Wanted— Prices on 40 good grade sheep, de-
livered at my station, Maidens, C. & O., Va.

Angora Goats

Several very high grade buck kids (from reg-
istered sire % grade does), look like pure breds.
For sale at only 8 5 each, F. O. B. Don't write
hut send check with order to

A. L. FRENCH, Byrdvllle, Va.
Also high class registered Angus cattle.

Angora Goats

8 pure bred, young females and 1 male, for
sale. E. L. TOMPKINS, Fine Creek Mills,

aUPflDA PflATP are handsome, hardy and
ANuUliA llUA I O profitable For large cir-
cular addresB E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Cliffy. Ky

Edgewood Stock Farm.

SCOTCH COLLIES

A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, full
white marks. Bred strong In blood of Chris-
topher, Darwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel.
Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers.
Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to
registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLE,
Maxwelton, W. Va.

COLLIE PUPS

Ky Imported Sires sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. 8* to 815. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Training. 50 cents: Feke If
vi>u buy a Collie.
MAPLF.^'ONT STOCK FARM, Smith Alhol.Mass.

CHICKENS

for sale. B. P. ROCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN
and WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure bred
stock. Prices reasonable. Write Miss CLARA
L. SMITH, Croxton. Caroline county, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

623

3 Thoroughbred Mares

FOR SALE.

VOLEB, B. M. Foaled 1S91, by Volante,
winner of the American Derby, and son of
Grinstead and Sister Ann, by imp. Glenelge.
First dam imp. Lady Trappist, dam of five
winners, by Trappist; second, Vic by Al-
bert Victor; third, dam Modena by Parme-
san, etc. This mare is a winner, and has a
ch. c. Foaled May 19th by the Great Trial
winner Chiswick, by imp. Mr. Pickwick-
Alice Bruce by Fellowcraft. Price of mare
and colt, $350.

DEAELESSE. B. M. Foaled 1896, by
Montfort, son of imp. Mortemer and Revolt,
by Lexington. First dam, Miss Grace (sister
to Diablo), by Eolus; second dam, Grace
Darling, by Jonesboro; third dam, Nlnetta,
by Revenue, etc. This mare has a Ally foal,
which will not be sold, so mare cannot be
delivered until early in September. Price,
$300.

DARTEE, Br. M. Foaled 1900 by imp.
Water Lever, sire of Isonomy and Water
Lily, by Lord Lyon. First dam, Fearnot. by_
Jim Gray; second dam. Fearless, by imp. St.
Blaise; third dam, imp. Dauntless, by Maca-
roni etc. This mare has won races. Price,
$300.

All of these mares are fine individuals, and
are royally bred, and all have been bred, and
are believed to be in foal to the young im-
ported horse, Aldine, by St. Simon. First
dam. Ronaldina, by Barcaldine; second dam,
Lady Ronald, by Lord Lyon; third dam,
Edith, by Newminster, etc. Address

WILLSON CHAMBERLAIN,
R. F. D 2, Charlottesville, Va.

FOR SALE

A fine team of gray

PERCHERON MARES

weighing about 2800 pounds, 6 and 7 years
old, very active, fine workers everywhere,
both safe in foal to the great gray Perche-
ron stallion DOM PEDRO, No. 15558, recently
sold at a long price to Messrs. Hicks &
Hopkins, of Mathews Co. Price of mares,
$400. If convenient, will trade In a good
driver for part payment. MEYER & JEHNE.
Farmville, Va.

One Registered

Thoroughbred Stallion

for sale. Also, 2 highly bred brood mares
and several colts, 1, 2, and 3 years old. N.
B. COOKE, Taylorsville. Hanover county,
Va.

Percheron Stallions

For sale; 2 years old and older; bred from the

best families in *meri'*a; pedigrees tracing to

imported sire and dam; nothing but imported

stallion used at the bead of start; prices right.

D. T. MARTIN, Salem, V*

PURE-BRED

Percheron Stallion

for sale. Age, 5 years; weight, 1,500 pounds.
E. H. DeBUTTS, Linden, Va.

OAK-HILL FARM.

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-
TLE, BERKSHIRE HOGS,
— FOR SALE —

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Station on farm)

on D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Danville, Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTON,

Wenonda, Va.

of cutting into inch squares as lor
apples or peaches, and filling the mid-
dle of the sheets with fruit, roll up and
pinch the ends well together. Some
people put a teaspoonful of sugar in
each dumpling before baking, but this
never tasted really good to me. I pre-
fer a honest bowl of sauce or the
strength found in an unaffected plate
of butter and sugar sauce.

Alice Winston.

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO.

Special attention is called to the ad.
of the Sydnor Pump & Well Co. in this
issue. This company closed a contract
with the United States Government
army officials at Manassas, Va., on July
30th for a system of water works to
supply the troops encamped at this
point during the army manoeuvres to
be held from September 2nd to 12th.
It embraced the drilling of twelve ar-
tesian wells, the installation of about
nine miles of pipe, seven 10,000-gallon
tanks and towers, twelve Charter gaso-
line engines in connection with four
hundred and fifty shower baths in
connection with a large quantity of
small galvanized steel watering tanks
and other similar fixtures. One of the
provisions of the contract called for
the completion of this work by the
25th of August. It is quite a tribute
to the ability of the personnel of the
company that they have not only com-
plied with the contract, but have put
in extra work, all of which has been
completed on time. This shows that
the Southern people are becoming bet-
ter equipped every day to compete with
Northern firms. This company not on-
ly makes a specialty of complete wa-
ter supply system, but install complete
plumbing systems in connection there-
with in country residences, and num-
ber among their customers in work
of this character, the Ramsay's, at his-
torical old Westover; Mr. Jos. Bryan,
Mr. Wm. Rueger, Richmond, Va.; the
Jno. A. Dix Ind. School, Dinwiddie,
Va.; Mr. David Dunlop and Mr. W. H.
Woody, Petersburg, Va.; Mr. I. J. R.
Muurling and Mr. J. K. Maddux, War-
renton. Va., the old Page Homestead,
at "Oakland," (birthplace of Thos. Nel-
son Page,) Hanover county; Mr. Mur-
ray Boocock and Mr. L. Pugh, Kes-
wick, Va.; and, in fact, they are so
well known in this class of business
for reliability and first-class goods that
the best of the trade naturally goes
to them. Besides this work, they sell
boilers and engines for farm purposes,
gasoline engines, windmills, compress-
ed air storage tank systems, pumps
of all kinds, iron and wire fences, saw-
mills, saws, etc. Any one being in
need of any material of this kind
would do well to correspond with them.

Their Charter Gasoline Engines are
so widely and favorably known that
not long ago they received an order
for an engine to be shipped to the
Southern Methodist church for Board
of Foreign Missions at Shanghai, Chi-
na.

ELLERSLIE FARMS'*-
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Siheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A fine lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and big
BLACK SPANISH

Jacks and Jenn.U;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks; young stock for
■ale at all times.
Write or see me be-
fore you buy. Come to Kentucky if you
want a good Jack. JOE E. WRIGHT, Junc-
tion City, Ky.

Virginia Bred Jack,

A fine one, for sale. 2 years old 10th last
June. He is large for his age, and a perfect
beauty. Will sell cheap for cash. Write or
come to see J. E. THOMASSON, Bumpass,
Va.

BURKES' GARDEN

DORSHTS

I have a few pure bred RAMS and some
good GRADE EWES for sale at prices with-
in reach of all. SAM'L T. HENINGER.
Burke's Garden, Va.

Woodland Farm

oners the best lot of October dropped
Dorset Ram lambs which
it has ever raised.

J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0.

DORSETS*^
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTROttG. Lantz Mills, Va.

V.P.I.

Farm Bulletin

We have for sale at present, some splendid

DORSET RAM LAMBS.

For prices, etc, address

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr.
Blacksburg, Va.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Addree*
our Business Office.

624

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

The only soap
that won't smart
the face — Will-
iams' Shaving
Soap.

Sold everywhere. Write for

booklet "How to Shave.'*

The J. B Williams Co , Glastonbury, Ct.

0| >^ Everybody Wants One.

m |. \_fm 4 MONTHS OLD.

O. I. C. Boars $12.50 Each.

Young stock cheaper. Cannot be beat.

Mansfield Stock Farm,

W. ELLIOT HAMMOND. Goochland C. H . Va

PURE-BRED

O. I. C PIGS

lor sale. Weight of sire, over 400 pounds,
mother 290 pounds. Will make more meat
than any other breed of hogs from the same
feed. Price. $4.50 each or $8 per pair. J. E.
THOMASSON, Bumpass, Va.

AT FARMER'S PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va.

Salt Pond Herd.

DUROCJERSEYS

Home of Paul J. 21625. Also Lulu's Pet 40434.
Pigs or March anil May furrow for sale. VVrlte
forwhat yon want.

S. A. WHITTAKER, Hopeslde, Va.

Berkshire
C. Whites. Large
strain, All ages mated

\ not akin, tired sow,
Service boars, Guern-
sey calves, Scotch
Collie pups, and Poul-
try. Write for prices

P. F. HAMILTON.
Jochranvllle, Chester Co., Pa.

and free circular.

WHEN VISITING THE WORLD'S

FAIR RIDE ON THE FERRIS

WHEEL.

The great Expositions held during
the last fifteen years have produced
two marvelous examples of engineering
and constructive ability. One of these,
the Eiffel Tower, was designed and
built by a Frenchman at Paris for the
Exposition of 1889; the other, the Fer-
ris Wheel, was designed and built by
the late Geo. W. G. Ferris for the
World's Columbian Exposition at Chi-
cago, in 1893.

Paris again held a great Exposition
in 1900, but failed to produce any feat-
ure to take the place of the Eiffel
Tower. In America, St. Louis, in 1904,
planned and produced the greatest Ex-
position the world has ever seen.
Scores of attempts were made to in-
vent something more wonderful and
more attractive than the Ferris Wheel,
but as Paris failed to outdo her own
Eiffel Tower, so did St. Louis fail to
equal the far-famed Ferris Wheel of
the World's Columbian Exposition of
1 1893. Arrangements were accordingly
made to bring the Ferris Wheel to the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, and it
was given a location near the geogra-
phical center of the grounds.

The Cascades, the Plateau of States,
all the big buildings, the Pike, Festival
Hall, the Art Building. Foreign Build-
ings, Philippine Reservation, the Air
Ship Enclosure; in fact, every point of
interest in the grounds can be seen
from the big wheel. In addition, one
gets a view of St. Louis, the Mississip-
pi River, and the beautiful forests,
hills and dales for fifty miles around.
At night, the view of the illumination
of the buildings and grounds is simply
magnificent. Eye has not seen nor ear
heard of a more striking spectacle than
the night view of the great Exposi-
tion from the top of the Ferris Wheel.

Hundreds of thousands of incandes-
cent lights bring the outlines of all the
buildings in bold relief. The Festival
Hall and the Plateau of States are
flooded in turn with white, red and
green lights, making a startling and
very beautiful effect. The best point to
view this grand illumination is from
the Ferris Wheel.

When you come to the Fair, do not
fail to ride upon it.

GREAT HERD BULL FOR SALE

Marquis of Salisbury 16th

AT A BARGAIN.

SHAKESPEARE & OWENS,

Best in their Lines

At THE CEDARS. KENNELS, POULTRY
LLEWELLYN SETTERS, BEAGLE

and STOCK FARM are bred the finest
HOUNDS, JERSEY CATTLE. DUROC JER-
SEY SWINE, M. B. TURKEYS, and B. P. R.
CHICKENS. \VM. G. OWENS, Midlothian,
Va.

Essex and Poland China

pigs from 9 weeks to 4
mos. old, an extra, choice
lot. Also some choice
Southdown and Hamp-
shiredown Sheep and __
Lambs. For prices ad- a
dress L. G. JONES, Tobac

THE IMPERIAL PULVERIZER.

The Peterson Manufacturing Com-
pany, Kent, Ohio, send us a copy of
the United States Trade Reports, an
implement journal. n account

of the personal examination by Its
editors of the Imperial Pulverizer and
Clod Crusher. The result of the in-
quiry must be eminently satisfactory
to the Peterson Manufacturing Com-
pany, inasmuch as the editors pro-
nounce the machine as positively the
best thins of its kind on the market.
Look up the advertisement elsewhere
in this issue and send for circulars,
etc.

The best son of IMPORTED SALISBURY 76T59.
A LMOST AN EXACT COUNTERPA RT OK HIM.
In this young bull is a rare combinallon of the
best foreign and best America strains of blood,
through his sire we have Boniface, the Grove
3d, Pioneer, Horace, Pirate, Monarch, St Thomas
and Lord Wilton, while through his dam we
have the Fnrl ofShadelond 2M. Anxiety Mon-
arch, Sir Richard Jnd, Anxiety, the Grove Sd,
and Garfield. Write us.
See our large add on another page.
ROSEMONTFARM,

Berryville, Clarke. Co., Va

LARGE

YORKSHIRE PIGS

for sale, from pure bred, registered stock;
fine litter farrowed June 26th; also one ser-
vice boar 14 mos. old registered. C. H.

SOUTHWICK, Asbeville, N. C.

High-Class Poland Chinas

Best registered blood.
Strong-boned, healthy
pigs, either sex. 2 moi.
old, for $5.00, all eligible
to registry and first
None but good
ones shipped.

E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also •
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for

Farmers and Stockmen.

Deliyered anywhere for - - $2.00

With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

Mention Tine Southern Plawto
when corresponding with advertiser*.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

625

HEREFORD CALVES

AT BARGAIN PRICES.

IF YOU ARE NOT PREPARED TO PAY CASH, WE WILL GIVE YOU TIME. NOW
IS THE TIME TO BUY FOR FALL SHIPMENT SOUTH. Calves by IMP. BRITISHER,
last year Champion of ENGLAND AND AMERICAN; PROTECTOR, imported from ENG-
LAND at a cost of $6,000; ACROBAT, the GREATEST living HEREFORD SIRE, cost the
unprecedented price of $8,500, at nine years of age, sire of the $3,700 CHAMPION CARNA-
TION; LARS, JR., a good son of the old CHAMPION LARS; BEAU DONALD, and others.
Now is the time to buy, before the advance which is sure to come. Get in the BAND WAGON, while you can get in
CHEAP. Send for our HERD CATALOGUE, an encyclopedia of rich HEREFORD pedigrees, embellished with cuts
of our cattle, also containing some words relative to the great ACROBAT, (35469, our chief stock bull. A large plate
picture of ACROBAT will be sent to all who will frame it, size 14x18 inches.

OUR BRIEF HISTORY OF HEREFORD CATTLE, being a book of some 40 pages, will soon be ready for distribu-
tion—be sure to send for a. copy. OUR HERD is the LARGEST and BEST in the SOUTH AND EAST, numbering 70
HEAD of the very FINEST and FANCIEST specimens of the breed maintained in our rich BLUE GRASS pastures,
in the VALLEY of the SHENANDOAH, insuring the best possible development of bone and muscle. We always have
on hand a choice lot of females, of the choicest blood lines, bred and open. OUR CATALOGUE TELLS THE TALE—
be sure to get one. Inquire about our fine BRITISHER, PROTECTOR, BEAU DONALD and ACROBAT calves— we
will send you a full and honest description, or better, visit us and make your own selection. Remember, we will
give you time to make payments, if you wish. Look for our ad. next month, and address us to-day as follows:

— ^ROSEMONT FARiVU—

Clarke County, = = = == Berryville, Va.

W. J. CARTER,i"broadrock"i

Turf Journalist and
Pedigree Expert. . .

Address P. O. Box 929, Rich-
mond, Va., or 1102 Hull street,
Manchester, Va.

Representing the Times-Dis-
patch and Southern Planter,
Richmond, Va. ; Kentucky Stock
Farm and The Thoroughbred
Record, Lexington Ky. ; Sports
of the Times, New York, and
the Breeder and Sportsman, San
Francisco, Cal.

1904. 1904.11904.

W00DM0K9E AND HATTONDALE FARMS

1904-

BURLINGTON

FOR SALE.

Standard and Registered Trot-
ting Mare,

rich bay, elegantly bred, young and

sound. Bred to Kelly, 2:27, and in foal.

Address W. J. CARTER,

Box 929, Richmond, Va.

"The Gentleman in Black,"

Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap,
Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial and Tidal Stakes.

Black horse, by Powhatan, dam imp. Inver
cauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam imp. Eleanor, by
Voltlgeur; 3d Themis, by Touchstone; 4th dam
Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Caius, Chivalry and
Aristides), by Lottery ; 5th dam Decision (dam
of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate,
etc., etc. BURLINGTON will make the season
of 1904 at J. E. Lane's above named farms at
Esmont. Albemarle county, Va.

Fee $50 with usual return privilege If horse
is alive and in my possession.

For particulars address

J. E. LANE,
Esmont, Albemarle County, Va.

For Sale to Reduce Stock.

THREE BROOD MARES, all trotters,
and richly bred. Bargains. Address
ROBERT TAIT, Norfolk, Va.

KELLY, 22283.

Record 2:27. Sire of McChesney, 2:16%, etc.
Bay horse, by Electioneer 125; first dam, Es-
ther, dam of Expressive 3, 2:V2%; Express, 2;21,
etc.; by Express, etc. Kelly represents the
highest type of a trotter, having fine size and
the form and finish of a thorough-bred. For
terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va,

Kelly will serve at my private Btable, 1102 Hull
street, Manchester, Va.

GREAT STAKES, 25521.

Record 2:20.

Sire of Captain, 2:\H% ; Foxhall, 2:19Ji ;

etc. Bay horse, by Biely Thornhill, 2:24;

dam, S>veetstakes, by Sweepstakes and

Great Stakes; sires speed and good

looks.

Fee, $25 the season.

Address W. H. NELSON,

J42S E. Franklin st , Richmond, Va.

Richardson Brothers,

613 Brook Ave., Richmond, Va.,

BUILDERS OF

Wagons and Carriages,

A select lot of business and pleasure
Vehicles on hand.

Repairing neatly done. Orders by
mail solicited.

626

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[September,

SRERKSHIREX

ANNEFIELD HERD 2

Contains the </

Finest Blood Lines |

In England and America.

"5

V

Young Stock for Sale. m

Inquiries cheerfully answered. W

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, *

Berryville, Virginia. v

BERKSHIRE PIGS

^ FOR SALE &

We have on our Hollybrook Farm a fine
lot of young Berkshire PigB from 8 to 12
weeks old, for sale. These pigs are from
registered stock, and are first-class in every
respect. Our pigs have free range, with fine
stream of running water through the hog
pastures, and our stock Is as vigorous and
healthy as possible. Price either for boar or
sow pigs, $5 each, crated and delivered on
cars, or to express office at Richmond. Ad-
dress orders to HENRY W. WOOD, Box 330,
Richmond, Va.

OUR herd represents the
very'best strains of import-
ed Large English Berk-
shires. Choice stock at
reasonable prices.
Address

Cottage Grove Farm,

P. 0. Box 5. Greemboro, N, C.

BERKSHIRES.

On sale, fine, vigorous Boars and Sows, Feb-
ruary and March, 1904, farrow. Very cheap
at ?10 each until Sept. 15th. 3 Reg. Sowa will
farrow this month. The pigs, sired by MA-
SON OP BILTMORE, II 68548, will be booked
at $6 each, or $10 pair, delivered Charlottes-
ville when 10 weeks old. NONE BUT BILT-
MORE BLOOD IN MY HERD. ROBERT
HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

A DRILL THAT EVERY GRAIN
GROWER NEEDS.
The United States produces nearly
one-third of the grain crop of the en-
tire world. This great yield from the
soil of America is due, in large meas-
ure, to the improved machinery used
by the American farmer, and particu-
larly to the method of sowing the
grain; automatic grain drills being ex-
tensively used by the progressive grow-
er.

A model machine of this description
is the Pennsylvania Low Down Grain
and Fertilizer Drill, invented and made
by the A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd., of
York, Pa. This firm was the first to
design and put on the market a low
down drill, doing away with the cum-
bersome cog gear and substituting
sprocket wheels and chains.

The Pennsylvania is a handy drill,
simple in construction, and extremely
light draft. It has the regulation four-
foot driving wheels, but the frame is
hung below the axle, making the hop-
per very low. It sows accurately un-
der all conditions. The fertilizer at-
tachment is constructed on a new prin-
ciple, making it an absolute force feed.
It sows the dampest brands of phos-
phate with east and regularity.

The Improved Pennsylvania Low
Down Drill is a pet speciality of the
Farquhar people, and it well deserves
the great success it has met with. The
A. B. Farquhar Co. issue an interest-
ing booklet about their drills, which
is mailed free on application.

RED POLL CATTLE

Best lor Milk. Butter and Beef.

Poland China Pigs.
Shetland Ponies.
Pure-Bred Fowls.

Arrowhead Stock Farm,

Charlottesville, Va.

PURE-BRED

BERKSHIRE

Pigs ready for delivery this month. Two
months old and a nice lot they are. Corre-
spondence solicited. H. SWINEFORD, Rich-
mond, Va.

BerKsKires

Best ENGLISH and AMERICAN blood.
Herd Boars: Columbus Lee VIII (brother of
Combination); Workman of W. (sire, Jack
of all Trades). Stock for sale at prices YOU
CAN AFFORD TO PAT. H. W. FUGATE,
Fugate's Hill, Russell county, Va.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, CentrevUle, lid.

Akron, Ind., Aug. 14, 1904.
Dr. Jos. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.:
Dear Sir: — About six or seven years
ago my hogs all died from cholera anil
I did not have a hog of any kind on my
place for two or three months. But
not wishing to abandon the hog in-
dustry I then bought some fine and
apparently healthy breeding stock and
within a week after getting them on
my place they took the cholera. I had
little faith in doctoring hogs with this
disease, but, through the influence of
a friend, who recommended your rem-
edy, I purchased some of it. My hogs
were so sick they would not eat, but
I mixed the remedy with a little warm I
milk and after many efforts finally suc-
ceeded in getting my hogs to eat it.
In three days they were getting bet-
ter, and in a short time fully recov-
ered. ' They made me a fine lot of
breeding stock, and I have some of
their progeny yet. Have had no trou-
ble with my hogs since until recently,
when some of my young brood sows
were taken sick. One died the day be-
fore I received your remedy, but the
others have all fully recovered since
I began feeding it. Yours truly.

Ciias J. Peterson.

HAWKSLEY STOCK FARN
Has for sale, a choice lot of

English BerKsKires Pigs

Can furnish pairs not akin. A few young
Boars ready for service; all of the choicest
breeding. J. T. OLIVER, Prop., Allen's
Level, Va.

Pure-Bred Registered

^BERKSHIRE*

Boar and Sow for sale. Price, $25 each.
Sow will farrow about last of October. Splen-
did young animals weighing about 250 pounds
each. F. MAXWELL, CONNER, Box 316,
Richmond, Va.

30 PURE-BRED

SOUTHDOWN EWES

lambs for sale. Price, $15 each, October,
1904, delivery. This flock was originally pur-
chased from Henry Webb, Babrabam, Eng.,
and crossed from time to time with the de-
scendants of Rams bought by John Hobart
Warren from Lord Walsingham, of England.
WM. JOHN, Linden, Va. (Mgr. Col R. H.
DULANY).

"I," said the orator, "come of a good

old stock, rooted deep in the soil "

"The only stock I ever heard of that
rooted deep in the soil," interjected a
farmer in the audience, "was hogs."

Meadow Brook
SHROPSHIRES.

For sale; very fine one and two year old
pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very
nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va.

REGISTERED

SHROPSHIRE SHEEP.

Only a few more of my flock of rfgistered
Shropshire sheep left; Knnis, Bnni Lambs. Ewes
and one fine Ewe Lamb. Now is Ihe time to
buy at a very low price. Can mate tbem not
akin. Get my prices before buying.

H. R. ORAHAfl, < nestertown, fid.

25 REGISTERED

HOLSTEIN and GRADE

Milk Cows for sale. Moat of them to calve

this fall. H. W. MANSON, Crewe, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

627

[COTTAGE VALLEY (STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

FOR SALE LOW

7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS
BULLS AND HEIFERS from
6 months to 2 years old. One
bull calf half Angus and half
Short-horn. Fine Buck Lambs
out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg.
Dorset Buck. Fine family milk
cows fresh young and gentle.
One pair splendid 1200 lbs.
Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class
all round farm teams and very
good roadsters. Silver Lace
Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul-
lets at one dollar each.

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, Saxe, Va.

Aberdeen- Angus rftK Q«|n
Bull Calves * J- rUl OdlC

Born as follows: Dec. 16, 1903; Jan. 30,
1904; May 15, 1904; June 2, 1904; Aug. 11,
1904. Calves will be kept with their dams
until 9 mos. old. None sold younger, and
NOT SOLD AT ALL AS BULLS, unless they
turn out good specimens of the breed.

I shall also be ready to part with my
herd bull, "ROCKBRIDGE ABDUCTOR,"
40364, Nov. 1st. He will be 5 years old Dec.
2. 1904.

The two calves first mentioned are pure
bred and very promising youngsters, but out
of unrecorded dams; the three last are reg-
istered. I am willing to exchange "ABAC-
TOR" or any of the above calves for a
suitable herd bull, not less than 18 mos. old.
B. F. DAY, Glasgow, Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANGUS
CATTLE.

FOR SALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months ol'J, up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va

ROSEDALE HERD

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle*

Choice bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec-
tion of herd and correspondence Invited.
ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffersonton, Va.

3 REGISTERED

Aberdeen Angus Bulls,

6, 10 and 16 mos. old, for sale. Sired by the
celebrated GOLD NUGGET, 29657. These
bulls are grand Individuals. Address BEN-
VENUE STOCK FARM, Massapooax, Va.

Mention the Southebn Planteb in
writing.

THE ANGORA GOAT.
Angora Goats should be pure white,
and weigh at maturity 50 to 100 lbs.
for females, and 100 to 125 lbs. for
males. They get their growth in about
three years, and live to be 10 to 15
years old. They breed once a year,
and drop a kid in five months from
service. If you have goats drop their
kids in January, and lose any, the doe
will go to the buck again, and drop in
June or July. They are not as apt to
have twins as sheep, but occasionally
do. They are not apt to disown their
kids, if goats have not too large a
range; but, on the large range, the
goat knows to be left behind the flock
is to be left perhaps forever. While
in enclosed pastures the doe realizes
that the flock can not be far away, and
stays with her kid. They hide their
kids away, same as a cow her calf, and
go to them to let them suck. I have
shut a doe in the barn at night, when
she had twins laying in a hollow tree
in the pasture, and she made no fuss
about them. The kids, after they get
dry and filled with milk, will stand
lots of cold.

Goats shear from one-half to nine-
teen pounds of mohair, according to
breeding and condition of the goats,
and it sells for from 15c. to $3 per
pound, according to length, freeness
from kemp, etc. Usual price this year,
25c. to 35c. per pound; 50,000 pounds.
Origan hair, said to be as good as any
produced in the United States, changed
hands at 34c. I received for my clip
34c. on board cars here.

Goats are browsers not grazers.
Goats are hustlers to gather a living,
but are also lazy animals. If brush
and wedds are plentiful, a goat will
go out, and in two hours will gather
enough to last him 6 or 8 hours, and
will then lay in the shade and chew his
cud. They take all the first years'
growth of bushes, weeds, etc. I see
in my pastures where they have bit-
ten off poke-berry stalk as thick as a
man's thumb, and left nice blue grass,
white clover and orchard grass ankle
deep. They will completely kill all
kinds of brush, except persimmons,
shell-bark, hickory and black walnut;
hickory and walnut they will eat as
last resort, but persimmons, never. In
winter, goats will peel almost all kinds
of brush and saplings, except hickory.
I have saplings 5 inches in diameter
peeled 5 feet high. These are elm,
bass-wood and maple. They dearly love
sassafras, sumac, spice-wood, elm, bass-
wood, chestnut, dogwood, maple, etc.
In Virginia they will live on pine and
cedar all winter, if fed a little grain.
Goats should not be fed at the shed
where they sleep; make them go out
into the woods to eat their grain or
fodder. Last winter I had three flocks,
one of 21 bucks and wethers, in a brush
enclosure of about six acres, with an
old abandoned coal-bank for shelter;
they going into the entries, which were
dry; another of 100 at a place with a
good bank barn, and 75 acres of brush,

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

Shorthorn

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOGE, Hamilton, Va.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 158648, 1st prize aged bull at Radford Fair,
Young Bulla and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence invited.

HEATWOLE & SUTBR, Dale Enterprise, Va.

SHORT HORN BULLS

for sale, from 3 to
20 mos. old; sired by VERBENA'S CHAMP-
ION, No. 129881, and ROYAL CHIEF, No.
185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring
pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible
to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers.

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia,

JERSEY BULL

an Inbred grandson of EXILE OF ST. LAM-
BERT (who has more than 90 tested daugh-
ters In the list) for sale or exchange. He Is
3 years old, and all right. A. H. HODGSON,
Athens, Ga., or F. M. Hodgson, West Falls
Church, Va.

A FINE

Jersey Bull

for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1
yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled
to registry. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill
Farm, Manassas, Va.

^^The Woodside^^

Jersey Herd.

Bull Calves and Yearlings
Richly Bred.

DAVID ROBERTS, = = Moorestown, N. J.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Hat for sale a large num-
ber of nice young regis-
tered A. J. C. C.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

"51

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, (25:
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA
PIGS, J6 each. Send check and get what
yon want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop.- Batlleboro. N. C.

628

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

about one-eighth mile from barn. An-
other bunch of 23 at home, with straw-
stack and barn. The 21 were fed about
one-eighth of a mile from coal bank;
the 100 were fed at barn, and the 23
could not get out of yard. The 21
peeled brush all winter, the 100 did
not peel any until I took to feeding
them out in the woods, the 21 would
not eat either corn fod<ier or straw,
and lived on bark and ihe little corn I
gave them, and did fine. The 100 just
laid around the barn and ate straw,
corn fodder and their grain, and did no
good until I compelled them to go out
for their feed. When once away from
the barn they would stay out and
brawse all day, but, rather than start
would almost starve.

Goa's can be turned with alm-;£t any
kind of fjn:e. An ideal goat fence
is barbwire, with board at bottom, or
some of the 2-foot woven wire hog
fences, with a barbwire on top, makes
a good f«nee; but one board at bottom
adds to all fences for goats, as they
cannot creep under so easily.

Never use a diamond mesh fence
for goats, as they get their head and
horns through and get fast. Never
have perpendicular wires less than one
foot apart. A rail fence of 8 rails
high will turn most of goats, but it
must have no lock at the corner. A
rail fence with two stakes at each
corner, wired together across the fence
with some barb wire, makes a very
good goat fence; put barb wire to the
stake on the side of the fence next to
the goats, about six inches above the
top rail, and on outside of stakes, so
when goat goes to climb upon the fence
he will run against the barbwire.

The flesh of the Angora Goat is su-
perior to mutton; the skins make beau-
tiful rugs, and can be tanned at home
and colored any color you wish and
retain their lustre.

Goats w-ill do well with all kinds of
stock but hogs. They will not eat
anything that the hogs have touched.
No stock objects to goats, and cattle
will feed after them and do well; also
horses.

Some writers claim that 30 Angora
Goats will clear as much land in a
year as a man with a mattock. No
sprouts on land cleared with Angora
Goats. J. H. Harpster.

MANOR
BEAST '

ALL DEALERS

SCIENTIFICALLY
PREPARED

, For Home FactoryOr Farm
SLOANS LINIMENT

THIS TINE TESTED FAMILY REMEDY

Kills f """" ii il^lli HAS NO

EQUAL

KILLS PAIN

-:- we supply -:-

ALFALFA BACTERIA

in the shape of

INFECTED SOIL

from an old two acre Alfalfa plot which has given ns 3 or 4 good
cuttings yearly for the past five years, and is still doing well.
Price, $1.00 per bag (in 4 bag lots) of about 100 lbs. ; more than
4 bags, 75 cents each ; f. o. b. Midlothian.

J. B. WATKIN5 & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

SHEEP AND SHEEP DIP RECORD.
Messrs. William Cooper & Nephews,
makers of Cooper Sheep Dip, send u=
word that they came out victorious at
the Royal Show of England, which
was held last month. They won the
first prize for a Shearling Shropshire
ram and first prize for a pen of three
Shearling Shropshire ewes. They also
won a good numher of seconds and
thirds. A census taken on the show
ground showed that of the 1,075 sheep
inhibited 998 had been dipped in
Cooper Dip; of the 125 exhibitors, 115
were users of Cooper Dip.

ALFALFA

The Most Useful and Profitable Crop you can

grow. The best time to sow [in the South)

is from August 15th to September 15th.

= Prepare your ground carefully, and to insure

a stand USE ALFALFA BACTERIA INFECTED SOIL as recommended by

the Agricultural Experiments Stations.

You can secure enough of this infected soil to inoculate ONE ACRE OF
GROUND for $1.00 per bag (about 3 bushels) K. O. B. EWELL FARM.

Send in your orders now and shipment will be made when you are ready.
A booklet, giving practical directions for raising Alfalfa sent with each order.
Address GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, Ewell Farm, Spring Hill, Maury Co., Tenn.

UEEBNER'S "Union" Feed and Enillagc Cuttert

II cut, crush and shred, making all the corn stalk palatable. Slock relish it—
none wasted. Fodder e<|uals hay in feeding value and the same ground grows two
tons to one of hay. The ears are clear gain, r.et the real value from your corn by
using the only up-to-date fodder machinery. With shredder attachment (fa extra),

on?. Wrtafer oooBeL '" HEEBHER & SOUS, 25 Broad St., lansdile, f».

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

629

ST^>CK CATTLE and STOCK SHEEP

The season is coming foi you to begin buying stock cattle or feeding cattle. If
you are in doubt when and where to get them, write me. I can fill your order for any
kind of stock, steers or heifers, you want, any kind of feeders you may want, and I will
nil it correctly. Can furnish high grade and pure bred stock bulls (not 'registered)
of any breed you may desire, at reasonable prices. If you want stock or feeding
sheep, I can sell you ewes from $2.50 to $4.50 each, according to age, breeding and
quality. SOME FANCY BLACK FACES at ?5 each. Good stock rams from $7 to $20
each. I will please you in any kind of stock I may sell you. If you have any kind
of stock to sell, ship it ti me. I GUARANTEE HIGHEST MARKET VALUE I can
place it because I have orders for all kinds. SPECIAL attention GIVEN VEAL
CALVES BY LOCAL TRAINS. NO CONSIGNMENT TOO SMALL— NONE TOO
LARGE. I GIVE ALL MY PERSONAL ATTENTION. ACCURATE WEEKLY QUO-

». ROBERT C. BRAUER, »£E5.V Richmond, Va.

Long Distance I'Uune Xo. 2126.

Address : P. O. iiox 204.

Pens: Union Stock Yards, Richmond

CEMENT RESOURCES OF THE I
VALLEY OF VIRGINIA.
Mr. Charles Catlett's paper on the
"Cement Resources of the Valley of
Virginia," recently published by the
United States Geological Survey, in
its bulletin (No. 225) entitled "Con-
tributions to Economic Geology, 1903,"
is especially significant, as it is the
first publication concerning the possi-
bilities of cement manufacture in this
particular field.

That section of Virginia which lies
west of the Blue Ridge is bountifully
supplied with materials suitable for
use in the manufacture of Portland
cement. All the conditions of the Le-
high district of Pennsylvania are du-
plicated in this region, with the addi-
tional advantage that the coal supply
is much nearer at hand. At present
only one Portland cement plant is in
operation in Virginia, but, in view of
the natural advantages offered by the
western part of the State, it seems
probable that a great extension of the
industry will soon take place.

The argillaceous limestones of the
Trenton formation, which furnish the
well-known "cement rock" of the Le-
high district of Pennsylvania and New
Jersey, are well developed throughout
the Valley of Virginia. These lime-
stones, with the overlying Hudson
slates and shales, occur in a belt
closely paralleling and in places
touching the Valley Branch of the Bal-
timore and Ohio Railroad from the
State line to Strasburg. From that
point they lie close to the Southern
Railway as far as Harisonburg, and
again from Harrisonburg to a point
some miles south of Staunton, Va.,
they are near the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad. The points that naturally
seem most desirable as sites for ce-
ment plants are those which give
ready access to the coal fields, with
favorable opportunities for the ship-
ment of the finished product. It is
thought, therefore, that the line of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad be-
tween Harper's Ferry and Winchester,
and Strasburg Junction, Riverton,
Harrisonburg, and Staunton are the
points in this State which would be

SUNNY HOME HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle

has been reinforced for sale by the WILLOW OAKS HERD (property of
Mr. T B. Fitzgerald, former President of Riverside Cotton Mills Danville Va)
This herd was founded in 1902 by the purchase of a car load of the best females'
money would buy in Ceatral Illinois. One of our customers writes as follows :

Dear French— I have been at my farm and have taken several goocUo'ok's at the two'hHfers
They are beauties, especially Miss stubbs 2nd, and I am proud of them Enclosed is mVcheck for
L°2,M£aty,menftn°r thiem- The ^.Carolina's Gay Lad, that you sent me last fall f.Vne of the
finest looking fellows I ever saw— is a daisy. Very truly, W. R WALKER

Mr. Walker owns the largest herd of Angus in South Carolina. We make it a
point to furnish the above-described sort of cattle. Write for circular and prices to

A. L. FRENCH, Byrdville. Va.

Station, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. & W. Railway, 24 miles from Danville.

The Delaware Herd of

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE

is not surpassed either in breeding or Individual ani-
mals, by any herd in the East. At the head of our

herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604,

the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females et
equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Remem-
ber, we take personal care of our cattle; keep no high
priced help; incur no expense of exhibiting; all of which
enables us to offer stock at equitable prices. Send for
pamphlet.

MYER &. SON, Prop., - Bridgeville, Del.

Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje

and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter

fat. Stock of all ages for sale.

Reg. BERKSHIRES From noted strains; Imported Headlight, Lord

° Highclere and Sunrise.

-DORSET SHEEP^

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS,

N. & W. and Southern R. R.

T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

URY STOCK FARM HERD OF

— HOLSTEIN - FRIESIANS —

DE KOL 2D BUTTER BOY 3D No. 2 heads our herd; his breeding and individual
excellence are second to none. A few COWS, YOUNG BULLS and HEIFERS from our
best cows, for sale. All the leading families represented.

ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs by such Boars as MANOR FAITHFUL, Imp.; wt. U00
lbs.; FANCY DUKE, a double grandson of LOYAL BERKS; ESAU PRINCESS OF FIL-
STON, by ESAU, Imp. THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar. Md.

630

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[September,

most attractive for cement factories.
Mr. Catlett discusses in detail the ad-
vantages and disadvantages of the va-
rious feasible sites for cement plants.
He gives analyses of the limestones
found at each point.

The only Portland cement plant in
the State is the plant of the Virginia
Portland Cement Company, which is
located at Craigsville. The conditions
found there are typical of those exist-
ing at a number of places either on or
near the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail-
way, both in Virginia and West Vir-
ginia. Wherever these same beds of
limestone are found in a good state
of developement, an opportunity, more
or less valuable (the value depending
upon the local conditions), is present-
ed for the manufacture of cement.

THE ROSEMONT HEREFORDS.

The Rosemont Herefords occupy an
original and unique position in the
breeding world. The business is con-
ducted on advanced lines, keeping pace
with modern methods and require-
ments. Mr. Lee Roy Stacy, of Mis-
souri, has charge of the business man-
agement, and is an expert in feeding,
fitting, breeding, pedigrees, publicity,
etc.

This herd numbers seventy head,
and has been gathered without regard
to cost. The cows are a grand lot, by
such noted sires as Dale, Earl of
Shadeland II., Perfection, March On,
Acrobat, Corrector, Beau Donald, Cru-
sader, Lamplighter, Salisbury, Con-
quero, and others. The great show
cows, Bennison and Georgina, are also
in the herd. The herd is headed by
the great Acrobat, 68460, the greatest
living Hereford sire.

Mr. Stacy is anxious for interested
parties to visit Rosemont and see the
stock for themselves. A trip to the
beautiful Shenandoah Valley, in which
Berryville is situated, is of itself
worth any one's time. If you cannot
go to the farm, write for what you
want, and also ask for "A Brief His-
tory of Hereford Cattle," which also
contains an article on the "Future of
Herefords in America." It will be
mailed free. Parties who cannot pay
cash for stock will be accommodated
by the instalment plan. Look up the
half-page ad, of this farm in this issue.

WHAT HAPPENED.
Mary had a little lamb

With fleece as white as snow;
The rest of all the tragedy

Perhaps you may not know.

It followed her to school one day,

According to the book;
Alas, the school where Mary went

They taught her how to cook!

— September Lippincott's.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Offlcs.

,1.^111-H.^^^I?

YOU MAKE NO MISTAKE

WHEN YOU DEPEND ON DR. HAAS' HOG REMEDY

to prevent and arrest disease in your herd.
Twenty-eight years success, and to-day used
by thousands of our leading breeders.
I INSURE HOGS, AND PAY CASH

FOR ALL THAT DIE
when it is fed as a preventive. Full par-
ticulars in "Hogology." Prices, 25-lb. can,
$12.50; 12'^-lb. can, $6.60, prepaid. Packages,
$2.50, $1.25 and 50 cents. None genuine with-
out my signature on package or can label.

" HOGOLOGY " FREE.

I INSURE HOGS
CASH FORAIXTH AT DIE

WRITE FOR PLAN

REFERENCE-ANY BANK
OR MERCANTILE AGENCY.

TRADE' MASK

LATEST REVISED
BDITION.

I have just rewritten and revised "Hogology," my book about hogs, adding much
matter on new and Important subjects, and making it indispensible to those desiring
Information on this great subject. Sent FREE if you mention Southern Planter when
asking for it. The only scientific book of the kind ever published.

JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.

.y.Tf.^ryr

Large English Berkshires.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

Furcellville, Va.

BERKSHIRES! ^ # BERKSHIRES!

The following up-to-date stockmen think my ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the
world can show. 1 could print thousands of the same opinion, but I take only one from
each State:

P. H. Rudd Mariners Harbor, N. Y.; Col.
F. C. Goldbor'ough, Easton, Md. ; J. M. Ven-
able, Farmville, Va. ; Edgar Long, Graham,
N. C.i John C. McAfee. Chester, S. C;
Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Tenn.; President
Bowdrie Phinizy, Augusta, Ga. ; R. C. Mc-
Klnney, Bassinger, Fla. ; General Thos. T.
Munford, Uniontown, Ala.; W. W. Cornelius,
Blue Springs, Miss.; J. M. Gann, Varnada,
La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Texas; D. C.
Lester, Hatfield, Ark.

Take no risk; confer with these people,
and order direct from the veteran breeder.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Virginia.

JTive car loads bright Timothy Hay for sale, cheap.

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the VERY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered. Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and stock. Walter b. Fleming.

Proprietor •! the Bridle Creek Stock Farm. Warrenton. N. C.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.
Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.
Write for Free Catalogue.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

REPORTS.
United States Department of Agricul-
ture. Washington, D. C. Bureau
of Animal Industry. Circular 48.
Scales of Points for Judging Cat-
tle of Dairy Breeds.
Bureau of Chemistry. Circular 17.

The Useful Properties of Clays.
Bureau of Entomology. Bulletin 49.
Report on the Habits of the Kelep
or Guatemalan Cotton Boll Wee-
vil Ant.
Bureau of Forestry. Circular 49.
The Timber of the Edwards
Plateau of Texas.
Bureau of Forestry. Circular 30.
Exhibit of Forest Planting in
Wood Lots at the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition.
Circular 31. Exhibit of a Forest
Nursery at the Louisiana Purchase
Exposition.
Bureau of Statistics. Bulletin 28.
The Commercial Cotton Crops of
1900, 1901, 1902 and 1902-1903.
Farmers' Bulletin 202. Experiment
Station Work.
Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn,
Ala. Bulletin 128. Feeding and
Grazing Experiments with Beef
Cattle.
Cornell Experiment Station. Ithaca, N.
Y. Bulletin 219. Diseases of Gin-
seng. ,
Bulletin 221. Alfalfa in New York.
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow,
Idaho. Bulletin 4. Carbon Bi-
sulphide as a Squirrel Extermina-
tor.
Maryland Agricultural College, College
Park, Md. College Quarterly, Au-
gust, 1904. Fertilizer Analyses.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul-
tural College, Mich. Bulletin 215.
Experiment with Sugar Beets,
1903.
Bulletin 216. Review of Special
Bulletins 24, Insect Enemies of
Fruits in Michigan; 25, Fungous
Diseases of Fruits in Michigan;
26, Spraying Calendar.
Special Bulletin 29. Action of Bac-
teria in the Souring of Milk.
Mississippi Experiment Station. Agri-
cultural College, Miss. Bulletin
17. Insects Injurious to Stored
Grain.
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, O.
Press Bulletin. Wheat. Report
of Twelve Years' Experiments.
Press Bulletin. Lime as a Ferti-
lizer.
Pennsylvania Experiment Station,
State College, Penn. Bulletin 67.
Variety Tests of Wheat.
Bulletin 68. Methods of Steer Feed-
ing.
Rhode Island Experiment Station,
Kingston, R. I. Bulletin 101.
Analysis of Commercial Fertil-
izers.
Bulletin 100. When to Spray.
Virginia Department of Agriculture,
Richmond, Va. Quarterly Bulle-
tin, August, 1904. Analyses of
Fertilizers.
Virginia Climate and Crop Service,

Best Machine on the Farm

PENNSYLVANIA

Low Down Grain & Fertilizer Drill

OE)

low frame ant I liojin'T. K rani e is ImngfW-mr the axle.
That's the seetvt . So i.-or Rears to bother with. All
chain drive »liiv>-t from axle, guantitvof grain to be
Bown, and fertilizer, instantly regulated while drill
is in motion. Positively the simplest, most accurate
andliRhtPHl nmnuiR drill on the market. Guaranteed
to do satisfactory work. Write for FREE booklet.
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., York, Pa.

Blue-Blooded Berkshires

Two of my splendid brood sows, GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE, 66136, and CARAMEL,
64085, are just about to farrow, being In pig to my great Boar COLUMBIA, 60527.
If you want something really choice and royally bred, you had better communicate
with me at once. I am expecting large litters, as usual, but I will not have enough
pigs to go around.

COLUMBIA, sired by FIRST CATCH F. is an imported Boar, and one of the best
in the U. S. both in breeding and individuality. GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE is of
the best Highclere breeding, and would be very hard to beat in the show ring.
CARAMEL is an imported granddaughter of the celebrated Loyal Berks, and is, there-
fore, most fashionably bred. F. M. HODGSON, West End, Va.

GLENBUjyjL
>! FARM

BERKSHIRES

This herd is composed of four royally bred,
imported sows, and an imported boar from
the celebrated herds of Mr. Frlcker and Mr.
Hudson, England, and selected American
bred animals from Biltmore and other noted
herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Importer and
Breeder, Roanoke, Va.

THE. - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN, Jr., Treasurer State of
Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va.

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS ot

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

for less monev than any firm In the South, qual-
ity considered. Every pig shipped possesses
individual merit. Pedigree furnished with ail
stock. Kill or sell your scrubs and buy hogs
that will pay. For prices and description, address
ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr., Lexington, Vi.

TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA

Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice
POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

POLAN D CHINAS

I have now for sale a fine lot of pigs, also boars
ready for service, gilts and bred sows. I have in
my herd hogs closely related to such hogs or Ideal
-unshine, Qrea» Chief Tecumseb, Royal Racket
and Anderson's Model. Also 5nrops~hlre sheep
and Short Horn cattle. All stock guaranteed as
represented or may be returned at my exnense.
Farmers prices.

J. F DURRETTE, Blrdwood, Albemarle Co.

Registered

Poland Chinas.

Some choice pigs, beauties of the best blood
this country affords. Also some fine boars
ready for service. Stock guaranteed as rep-
resented. Prices low for such quality of
stock. W. M. JONES, Crofton, Va.

632

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Richmond, Va. Report for July,
1904.

South Dakota Experiment Station,
Brookings, So. Dak. Bulletin 84.
Report of Investigations at the
Highmore Station for 1903.
Bulletin 85. Early Garden Peas.
Bulletin 87. The Western Sand
Cherry.

Bulletin 88. Breeding Hardy
Fruits.

West Virginia Experiment Station,
Morgantown, W. Va. Bulletin 92.
Commercial Fertilizers. Report
for 1903.

Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madi-
son, Wis. Twentieth Annual Re-
port.

Wyoming Experiment Station, Lara-
mie, Wyo. Bulletin 12. Ground
Squirrels.

Government of the Philippines Islands.
Department of Interior, Manila.
Bureau of Agriculture Maguey
Cultivation in Mexico.

Imperial Department of Agriculture
for the West Indies, Barbadoes.
W. I. A, B, C of Cotton Plant-
ing.

THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER.
Farmers are beginning to think of
corn harvest during this month. Un-
less all signs fail, the harvest will be
about the largest that this section of
the country has ever seen. It there-
fore behooves every one to take extra
precautionary measures for the proper
handling of the crop so as to save
every particle of it. If this be done,
there will not be such a shortage of
long feed during next winter as was
experienced by a large number of
6tockmen during the past winter. The
first thing to do with the corn crop
at cutting is to see that it is shocked
properly. One of the best things to
help shock corn is the Fontaine Shock
Binder. One man can operate the lit-
tle device, and we undertake to say
that if a shock is tied at the proper
height with this binder no wind short
of a tornado will upset the shock, nor
will any ordinary rainfall reach its in-
terior. Look up the ad. and get two
or three of these binders and try them.

ROCKBRIDGE BATHS.
Wo are in receipt of a neat pam-
phlet setting forth the merits of this
famous summer and winter resort,
which is owned by our friend and sub-
scriber, E. C. Carter, Esq., of New
York city. The wealth and refinement
of the continent have visited this fa-
mous hostelry and springs for genera-
tions. It is better equipped and more
convenient of access, and consequently
better patronized, han ever.

"Yes," said Henpeck, "the thing that

Impressed me most in Egypt was the

mummy of one of the ancient queens."

"What was remarkable about It?"

"The fact that they could make her

dry up and stay that way."

& IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING TO BALE

There's a Oederick Press Made to Bale it

DEDERICK'S

"Always Ready"

0[>em« — always ready
'litch from tbe truck "pole
*p and it's ready for work.

fcJofnt describes all tte>=
. TWoll SL, Albany, UJt.

SPRING LITTERS.

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of

ARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given
time than any other breed.

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our
great JERSEY COWS.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

We Are Still in the Business.

"HILL TOP" Stock at Shadwell, Va.

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for
sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock.

Southdown and SHropsHire Sheep, BerKsHire Hogs

and B. B. R. Game ChicKens.

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we have a few left ; will have a fine
lot ready to ship by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old friends and
are always glad to make new ones.

We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County Fairs
than all other breeders in Virginia combined.

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va.

For Sale

10 Reg. Jersey Heifers and
10 Reg. Guernsey Heifers.

All due to calve this fall and winter.
Also several first-class GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERK-
SHIRE BOARS, SOWS and PIGS. Can furnish them not akin.
Several first-class watch dogs, and also Fox Terrier Puppies.
Can be inspected if days' notice is given.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

CHESTER WHITES

Registered Herd— First Premium stock; largest and
most prolific hog on rtcord: S Sows 41 Pigs: breeding
Stock 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeders and qnickly
developed. Sjws, Boars and Pigs for sale. My time
to this breed exclusively. Only strictly firrt class
stock shipped.

P. n. FUNKHOUSER, Winchester, Va.

Reference: Farmers and Merchants National Bank,
Winchester, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

633

THE EVERLASTING TUBULAR TEEL PLOW DOUBLETREES

Send for
Catalogue for 1904-

Contains ^everything of
Interest to Dealer or User
of Wnifiletrees.

PATTERN No. lOS EQUIPPED WITH FORGED TRIMMINGS.

Guaranteed not to break or bend. Furnished with rings or hooks for trace attachment, fample orders sent to responsible parlies on trial.

Pittsburg Tubular Steel Whiffletree Company, manufacturers Pittsburg, Pa,

MAGAZINES.

The September St. Nicholas brings
interesting chapters in the two serials,
Gensai Murai's "Kibun Daizin, or Piom
Shark-Boy to Merchant Prince," the
story of a Japanese boy for American
lads, and Mary Constance Du Bcis's
charming tale for girls, "Elinor Ar-
aen, Royalist." The illustrations for
these stories, by George Varian and
W. Benda, are exceptionally good, even
for St. Nicholas.

Hugh M. Smith tells interestingly of
"Brittany, the Land of the Sardine."
Lida Rose McCabe describes the ad-
ventures pf "A Citizen of the Deep."
"The Country Fair" is the account of
how some girls and boys succeeded
in carrying out a novel scheme. Jul-
ian King Colford's "American Memo-
rials in London" tells and pictures facts
every one should know. "A Goose
Hunt by Steamer" is a jolly account
of a jolly expedition, and Maria Brace
Kimball describes entertainingly "The
Children of Zuni." There are short
stories by Caroline M. Fuller, "The
Pursuit of the Calico Cat;" S. W.
Hovey, "Nothing but a Girl;" Mabel
Clare Craft, "The Killing of Storm."

The frontispiece of the September
St. Nicholas is a full-page reproduc-
tion of the painting of Lady Betty
Delme and her children, and the num-
ber is crammed with gay and pretty
verse: "Peter Puff-and-Blow," "The
Difference," "Thirteen," " 'Yours Se-
verely,' " "The Holly-Tree Wight,"
"What's in a Name " "A Moonlight
Effect," "The Gay Grecian Girl,"
"Which?" "Folliloo," "Tom's Return"
and "The Enterprising Tapir." The
departments, Nature and Science, the
St. Nicholas League, Books and Read-
ing, the Letter-Box and the Riddle-
Box, are full of interest and profit,
as always.

Francis Willing Wharton has a new
novelette in the September number of
Lippincott's Magazine, entitled "The
Deep Waters of the Proud." This title
is, we believe, taken from one of the
Psalms of David, and the tale through-
out excels in power and interest.

The half-dozen short stories of the
month begin with an especially hu-
man one by Alden March, entitled
"Help Wanted, Females." In it there
is confusion of typewriters (of the fern-

FARMERS, READ THIS! great Hereford offering

My present offering of pure bred, Registered Herefords,
consisting of BULLS, BULL CALVES, COWS and HEIF-
ERS, is the best I ever had. If you want some really
good cattle and cannot afford the outlay for the establish-
ment of a herd of pure breds, do the next best thing and
get a pure bred HEREFORD BULL to cross on your native
cows. MARQUIS OF SALISBURY 25TH. by Imp. SALIS-
BURY, and out of QUEEN LIL, is especially recommended
£ot this very purpose. $75 will get him. Calves by this
Bull should fetch twice as much at 6 weeks old as a scrub
calf; if kept for beef, ihey will be ready in one-third to
one-half less time; will weigh from 300 to 500 pounds more on the same feed;
will bring a cent or two more per pound on the market. Two or three calves
will pay for your bull. There is no exaggeration in this statement.

It is difficult and expensive to fully describe and price stock in, an adver-
tisement, so I suggest that you come to Castalia (will meet you at Keswick on
notice), and personally examine my stock. You will be more than pleased.
I have spent money unstintedly to get the best of the breed. This does not
mean that I charge long prices. I positively do not. Write me what you want
if you cannot come. Satisfaction guaranteed.

MURRAY B00C0CK. Keswick, Alb. Co., Va.

iiilimiiiiiiiiiiiuii m mi.'iii w

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle ■:■ Berkshire Hoes

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

i

Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks.

MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. GILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland.

^ '" -"^■* ""■■"■ "" i ■ ■ i n i

Registered * Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Young stock for sale. Inquiries
cheerfully answered.

EDW. Q. BUTLER, Annefield Farms,

Berryville, Virginia.

PRINCK RCI'KRT. 79889.

634

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

[September,

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE
THE MA8TEK WOttKMAH,"

two-cylinder gasoline engine superior t

inine gender) and a happy conclusion.
Ina Breevoort Roberts, the popular au-
thor of "The Lifting of a Finger," con-
tributes one of her fetching love-
stories called "The Release." "Grad-
uates of the School" is by Cyrus Town-
send Brady and is an extraordinarily
good tale of yellow journalism. Caro-
line Lockhart writes "Sharper Than a
Serpent's Tooth," which is a story of
Labrador and a thankless child. "At
the Sign of the Waxen Woman," by
Clinton Dangerfield, is a lively story
of the pursuit of a bride and the out-
witting of an unwelcome bridegroom.
"The Regeneration of Isaiah" closes a
series of amusing darky sketches by
Ella Middleton Tybout, which have
been running through the magazine
for some months. These have attract-
ed attention sufficient to demand their
publication in more permanent form.

Following its "Western," "Fiction"
and "Midsummer Holiday" numbers,
the September number of The Century
will likewise have a special charac-
ter. It is called a "Round-the-World"
number, and the name is justified by
the geographical distribution of the
text and pictures. Appropriate to this
idea are two drawings by Castaigne,
"The Flying Dutchman" and "The
Wandering Jew," which are printed as
frontispieces.

The opening article is the first il-
lustrated account in English of the
canonization of Saint Seraphim, the
Russian popular saint, at Sarov last
August, in which the Czar and Czarina
took part. It is entitled "The Russian
Lourdes."

Other articles, which can only be
enumerated, are "Japan's Highest Vol-
cano," an account of an ascent of it,
by Herbert G. Ponting; "The Nelicatar
of Arctic Alaska," by Edward A. Mc-
Ilhenny; "Hidden Egypt," recording
the first visit by women to the Coptic
monasteries of Egypt and Nitria, by
Agnes Smith Lewis; "The Nail of the
Universe," an account of the Emperor
of Java and his court, by Ernst von
Hesse- Wartegg; "Antarctic Experi-
ences," by the explorer, C. E. Borch-
grevink; "Round-the-World at the
World's Fair," by Walter Williams,
with pictures of a curious sort of ex-
hibits or natives from Siam. the East
Indies, Africa, Patagonia, China, Mex-
ico, Japan. Spain, Greenland, and the
Philippines. South Africa is repre-
sented by a sketch, "The Locusts of
Natal," by Mark F. Wilcox; Spain by
Cole's beautiful engraving of a paint-
ing by Velasquez, and France by De-
gas's "Portrait of a Lady," recently
bought by Mrs. Gardner for her Boston
collection.

The fiction has also a wide distribu-
tion of scene. "Corporal Sweeney, De-
serter," by Ralph D. Paine, is a story
of China; "The Alchemy of Illusion,"

HIGHLAND STOCK FARM.
5 PURE-BRED STOCK A SPECIALTY.

^ SPECIAL PRICES lor this month on

1 Shorthorn Cattle,

| POLAND CHINA PIGS,

g SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS.

s

Stock Recorded.

J& &

Ail

Write for Prices.

HENRY S. BOWEN.

Witten's Mills, Tazewell

Co., Va.

>>>>>»>>>>>>>>>>»>s:*>>*>>*>>>>>>y>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>^

XXXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxxxxxx

\ X

I Qsmont dorsetS 8

C X

X

X

X

s

CISMONT STOCKS FARM otters well developed young
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America.

Prices Reasonable.

6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va.

XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM SSK5?Si

You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No
iamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb
in December.

One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see theui.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va

Save Half in Fruit Trees

By Buying Direct from Nursery
Without Profit to Agents.

Choicest stock of Fruit Trees In the country.
All the large. Improved Peaches affording
luscious fruit from May to November. All the
superb apples and pears covering the whole
year. Mammoth delicious plums, cherries,
grapes, figs, strawberries, dewberries, black-
berries, raspberries, gooseberries, currants,
asparagus, rhubarb, etc., etc. Largest ship-
pers of strawberry plants in the World.

All trees, etc., delivered FREE. 130 page
manual telling how to grow all kinds of
fruit. Free to buyers.

"Write now for catalogue for fall planting.
Mention this paper.
CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Kittrell, N. C.

...Strawberry Plants...

m

All the standard sorts, from earliest to latest, after Sept. 1st, at 50cts.
per 100, or $3 per 1,000. Catalogue on application.

J. B. WATftlNS & BRO., - Hallsboro, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

635

by Alice Brown Morrison, is a story
of travel in Italy; the scene of this
part of "The Sea-Wolf" is the Russian
Pacific, while America is represented
by Dr. Weir Mitchell's "Youth of Wash-
ing, Told in the Form of an Auto-
biography;" "The Great American Pie
Co.," by Ellis Parker Butler, and an-
other of Miriam Michelson's stories of
the Nevada Madigans. entitled "A Mer-
ry, Merry Zingara." There is also an
article on "Ballooning as a Sport," by
George De Geofroy, illustrated by An-
dre Castaigne, the prospect being that
before long there may be a club for
ballooning in America as there now
are similar clubs in Paris and Rome.
The poems are for the most part in
keeping with the spirit of the num-
ber.

We have reserved to the last what
is probably the most important article
in the number, Professor Henry Fair-
field Osborn's first paper in his group
on "Fossil Wonders of the West." This
paper is devoted to the dinosaurs of
the Bone-Cabin Quarry in Wyoming,
being a description of the greatest sin-
gle find of fossils in the world, and
of the scientific work which has been
done there during the past few years.
It will be in the nature of a revela-
tion to the scieIlti,^', world, ssd. like
most of the other articles in the num-
ber, is fully illustrated.

The Review of Reviews, in the Presi-
dential campaign, fills a place in mag-
azine literature that no other publica-
tion attempts to fill. It is a complete
and accurate record of all the strate-
gic moves in the game of national and
State politics. The July and August
numbers dealt with the careers and
personalities of the candidates; the
September number treats of the plans
and methods of the managers, the per-
sonnel of the national committees, and
the actual work of the canvass. The
complex situations in Missouri and Colo-
rado, as well as the problems of na-
tional party organization in the oppos-
ing camps, are discussed editorially,
while an illuminating article on Chair-
man Taggart and the Democratic com-
mittee organization is contributed by
James P. Hornaday, with a similar
study of Chairman Cortelyou and the
Republican campaign plans by Albert
Halstead. A unique addition to the liter-
ature of the campaign is the interest-
ing summary of European press com-
ment on President Roosevelt by Louis
E. Van Norman, with reproductions of
foreign cartoons. Elsewhere in the
magazine appear many American car-
toons depicting various phases of our
great quadrennial battle for votes. But
a good deal more than half of the Sep-
tember number is devoted to non-po-
litical topics. Herbert Croly writes
about the effect on metropolitan inter-
ests of the opening of the New York
rapid-transit subway next month;
President Butler, of Columbia, sets
forth the educational worth of the St.
Louis world's fair, with especial refer-
ence to the great September congresses

St Elbans

Scbool

Situated on a

Sunny Headland

above the

Banks of New River,

IN THE

Blue Grass Region
of Virginia

Prepares Boys

FOR UNIVERSITY OR
FOR BUSINESS^^-^.^

SEND FOB ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS
PUBLISHED "PLAN OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL."

Address, W. H RANDOLPH,

Head Master,

Radford, - - - Virginia.

Medical College of Virginia.

ESTABLISHED 1838.

Departments of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy.

The Sixty-seventh session will commence September 27,1904.

Well-equipped Laboratories, splendid Hospital facilities,
and abundant Clinical material afford excellent oppor-
tunities for practical work.

Tuition fees and living expenses are moderate.

CHRISTOPHER TOMPKINS, M. D., Dean, Richmond, Va.

Broad & 9tl) Sts., RICHMOND, VA.

Commercial. Stenographic. Telegraphic and Eng. Depts. Ladles & gentlemen. No vacations.
"It is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River. -Phila. Stenobrarher.
•'When I reached Richmond. I Inquired of several businessmen for the best B"s,n«s College
In the city and. without exception, they all recommended Smlthdeal's as the best "--vv.
E Ross Law Stenobrapher Richmond. Bookkeeping. Shorthand, Writing, taught by mall.

CHARTERED 1870.

MERCHANTS RATIONAL BANE

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

CAPITAL. --- $200,000.00.

SURPLUS, - ^$300,000.00.

UNDIVIDED PROFITS. - $361,000.00.

Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond.

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we

afler superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited.

JNO. P. BRANCH, Pres JNO. 1£. BRANCH, Vtce-Pres. JOHN F. GLENN, Cnh.

Assistant Cashiers; J. R. PEKUUE, TH03. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE.

636

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

of science and art; M. C. Sullivan de-
scribes the remarkable achievements
of the Japanese in battlefield communi-
cation, especially in the use of the
field telephone and telegraph; a Japa-
nese writer sketches General Kuroki;
Chang Yow Tong gives a Chinaman's
Views on the "Yellow Peril"; Alvan F.
Sanborn contributes an appreciation of
"Two French Apostles of Courage in
America," — Charles Wagner, author of
"The Simple Life," and Paul Adam, —
both of whom are about to visit the
United States; and there are interest-
ing illustrated papers on land recla-
mation in California and Holland by
A. J. Wells and Consul-General Frank
D. Hill, respectively. The methods
pursued by the General Education
Board in obtaining information about
Southern school conditions are sum-
marized by W. H. Heck.

IN FLY TIME.

A wealthy Jew had decided to take
a long-contemplated vacation. With
an eye to business, he called his son
to him ere his departure and instruct-
ed him carefully and in detail how
he wished his affairs conducted du-
ring his absence.

"Now, Isaac," said he, "I vont you
to be very particular mit the suits. I
have regulated the price this way:
Every dot on the price-mark means a
dollar. Von dot means von dollar;
two dots, two dollars; three dots,
three dollars. Now, my boy, save the
price-marks and take good care of the
store, so your old father will be proud
of you!"

And so the old Jew went away and
stayed two weeks. Upon his return
he sought his son eagerly.

"Veil, Isaac, and how has business
been?"

"Very good, father. I've sold twenty-
seven suits."

The aged Jew held up his hands in
amazement. " Twenty-seven suits !
Oh, Isaac, and how much money did
you get?"

Isaac showed a prodigious sum.
Again the old man lifted his arms.
"Vat! all this money, and nobody
come back!"

"No, father, nobody came back."

"Isaac, you have saved the tags?
give them to me."

Slowly and critically he examined
the bits of pasteboard. Then a great
light illuminated his face.

"Oh, Isaac!" he cried, "thank God
for dose little flies!" — September Lip-
pincott's.

RECENT SALES AT BACON HALL.
Messrs. E. M. Gillet & Son, proprie-
tors of Bacon Hall farm, report the
following recent sales: Hereford bull
to Louis de La Croix, of North Caro-
lina: Berkshire boar to the Maryland
Experiment Station; Berkshire sow to
W. S. Nelson, of Virginia; Muscovy
ducks to L. K. Lynn, of Virginia; all
of which were satisfactory.

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

m

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to coyer it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting
it with nur^_MaHHk

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2i squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete, stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
^^==^= Black Sheet Iron, etc. =^^^==

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THEpOST DIRECT ^XSSSr&Sg™ ROUTE.

Xo STAUNTON, LYNCUBVRU, CHARLOTTESVILLE)
«. RICHMOND, PETER BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, den. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 637

BlLl MORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C.

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS,

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. J- * >

QOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls.

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with a* individuality
that wins in the show rinc. .

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever ofiered, both for
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.

^ > BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. jt *

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs fiom our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last tvro seasons. If you want winners von
must breed from winners.

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES.

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biljmorb, n. c

Eqqs for hatching

The Imperial Fruit aod Porltry Farm

4» 4* Is now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^ ^l
^ ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. *^ ^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. ri. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .* .* .' Staunton, Va

638

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

A REMARKABLE NEW BOOK.

Alfalfa. Lucerne, Spanish Trefoil.
Chilian Clover, French Clover, Medic.
Purple Medic (Medicago sativa.)
Practical information on its produc-
tion, qualities, worth and uses, espe-
cially in the United States and Can-
ada. By F. D. Coburn, Secretarv Kan-
sas State Board of Agriculture. " Illus-
trated. 12mo, 160 pp., .cloth. Orange
Judd Co., New York. Price, postpaid,
50 cents.

Secretary F. D. Coburn, of the Kan-
sas Board of Agriculture, -who has been
very actively and helpfully identified
a:; an official with the development of
this and several of the more recent
valuable agricultural plants, has in
this practiaal treatise presented all the
best that is known up to the present
time on the growth, uses and feeding
value of alfalfa, thoroughly discussing
the subjects in all their bearings, in
language so plain as to be clearly un-
derstood even by those who were be-
fore entirely unfamiliar with this re-
markable plant. Although in the main
treating the matter in a general way.
It is dealt with as well from the stand-
point of each State where it has been
experimented with, and gives the ob
servations of both farmers and scien-
tists there who have paid it closest at-
tention. No such fund of fact and ex-
perience has before been made avail-
able to the public upon this subject,
which is sure to be'of interest to every
farmer in the country. Mr. Coburn's
handbook is so complete and so ex-
cellent that no one who has not studied
it can claim to be well informed about
alfalfa and its significance in im-
proved farm and animal husbandry.
We can supply the book at the pub-
lished price.

ABSENT-MINDED.

An old gentleman who was very ab-
sent-minded often had to ring for his
servant and say:

"James, I am looking for something
and now I can't remember what it is."

And then James would suggest:

"Your purse, sir, or spectacles or
check-book?" and so on, until the old
gentleman would say at last:

"Of course, that's it. Thank you
James."

One night the old gentleman had
gone to his room and all were in bed
when James was startled by hearing
his master's bedroom bell. He rush-
ed upstairs and threw open the door.

"James," said the old gentleman, "I
came up here for something, and now
can't remember what it was."

^Wasn't it to go to bed, sir?"

"Of course," said the old gentleman,
"so it was. Thank you, James." — Au-
gust Lippincott's.

The National Nut Growers' Associa-
tion. The third annual Convention
will be held at St. Louis, Mo., October
26 to 28, 1904. Information can be
?>ad from J. F. Wilson, Secretarv,
Ponlan. Ga.

****<**«***.««*« £*****<*««.«< ««««« < < *XX3l3KXXX3C3tX3tJ

Howare Your Eyes?

We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment
of 8PECTACLES and EYEGLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses.
I by mail our specialty.

HI PHOTO DtPARTMEN

is also complete with CAMERAS. KO-
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel-
oping and printing finely executed.

* Our line of OPERA OALSSES, FIELD QLASSES, Incubator and Dairy
M THERMOMETERS, etc., etc , is also complete, lowest charges in all cases.

: 1 s. « omen CO .. 1 m Main sis.,

-5 «jfr^*>ic»"^c**>>>»>*r«*x*.j(jfje>3ae»cjex>>>>>> >>>>>>> ry*******

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

WE ABE GBOWEBS AND OFFER A FIXE ASSORTMENT OF

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA-
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Im-
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. W ATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

I STOCKMEN!

**3t3t***3t***3t3Ct**:«;<.<**<«*

■■ Why don't you kill ticks on your

cattle aud sheep. Hce on all an-
imals, by dipping or washing the
animals with a first-elate, Don-

* poisonous tar carbolic creosote dip? And when you purchase, save 20 to 25

* per cent, in price by ordering MINOR'S FLUID of

t =A. L. FRENCH,= =

8

* Southern Agent, Byrdville, Va. Prop. Sunny Home Angus Herd.

2 WARRANTED ONE OF THE BEST.

>>>>>>>>> >>>*>>********s*^^

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS. $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALHER, President. W. H. ncCARTHY, Secretary.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

639

Famous Tornado Ensilage Cutter and Improved Blower

Theonly positively safe and durable,
as well a* efficient, blower ever produc-
ed. Fully guaranteed in every respect.
Note carefully the direct transmission
of belt power All short belti and con.
nections eliminated. No slipping of
belt or loss of power possible at the

critical periods or when full fed. Will *? — — ~~~ ~

successfully and satisfactorily elevate to any reasonable height, and do it
Catalogue and information fre* for the asking Ask for it

least power of any on the market.

Manufactured by W R HARRISON & CO. M ASSI LLON, OH IO

AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

A Return to the Soil.
The little red brick school-house of
the earlier days of the settlement of
the Mississippi Valley States was the
principal factor in the elevation of our
great middle class which made of the
American nation a people of intelli-
gent thinkers, ready and able in time
of crisis to decide right and to do.
Higher education has followed and
new systems and methods have sup-
planted the "Hoosier Schoolmaster"
and the birch rod, identified with the
little red school-house. The educa-
tional level of the country has un-
doubtedly risen many degrees, but
with this advance have come problems
more perplexing than those which
troubled the pedagogues of our fathers.
The trend of the country raised boy
is all too irresistably toward the city,
while there is no countervailing cur-
rent impelling the young people of the
cities to fill his place in the country.
The problem is one for the most se-
rious consideration of our best states-
men, this constant and centripetal
movement which is overcrowding our
centres of industry, where men work
for day wages, and which is steadily
drawing from our rural communities
where men own the land they live
upon and get their sustenance from
the soil.

TO STEM THE DRIFT.

Yet there are quiet forces at work,
year by year becoming better organ-
ized and of broader power, whose ten-
dency is to overcome this hurtful con-
dition and induce a migration back to
the land and away from the over-
crowded centers. Industrial and agri-
cultural educations are playing an im-
portant part, and nature study courses

U. S. Government

Stamp of Approval

On the Work of the Undesirgned.

CONTRACT A WARDED FOR

12 Charter Gasoline Engines,

7 19,000 Gallon Tanks and Towers, I thirty days on the old

12 Artesian Wells, i Manassas (Bull Run)

9 Miles of Pipe. battlefield

] All tojibe installed in

J

If we can satisfy Uncle Sam we can satisfy you.

SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., Incorporated,

Box 949, RICtinOND, VA.

| DO YOUR TRADING— -A

i Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name of LUMSOEN

on anything In the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line is a standard of quality.

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY.

STEELING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS.

SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; itj contalaa
many articles on which we can save you money.

C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, iVa.

640

THE SOUTHERN PLAOTEK.

[September,

and city school gardens where chil-
dren are taught to know something of I
the soil and plants and the real won-
ders of nature working around us at
every hand, are no longer looked upon
as fads. An interesting move in this
direction was made the other day in
the organization of the American
League for Industrial Education in
Chicago, with such national characters
for officers and sponsors as N. 0. Nel-
son, of St. Louis, who has founded the
village and school of Le Claire, ad-
jacent to his factories at Edwardsville.
111.: Thomas Kane, president of the
Winona Assembly, which is establish
ing an institution for the teaching of
agriculture in Indianapolis; J. H.
Kxauskopf. founder and president of
the now noted National Farm School at
Doylestown. Penn.; John H. Patterson,
president of the National Cash Regis-
ter Co.. whose school gardens and
model factory equipments at Dayton
0.. have awakened a widespread inter-
est; Gen. R. S. Tuthill, through whose
efforts the St. Charles Home for Boys
at Chicago was founded; 0. J. Kern,
superintendent of schools for Winne-
bago county. 111., who has done a great
work in the consolidation of county
schools, and perfected plans for en-
grafting on them methods for the prac-
tical teaching of improved agriculture
in experimental gardens: E. B. Butler.
president of the board of trustees of
the Illinois Manual Training School
Farm; and Milton George, the founder
of that school: Jane Addams, head
resident of the Chicago Hull House
Social Settlement, and others of note
in this movement.

TEACH THE IICXITT OF WOBK.

The League is working for an in-
dustrial public school system, which
will include the teaching of domestic
science and both agricultural and
manual training in all the public
schools, so that children shall be
taught to work with their hands and
farm as they are taught in the public
schools of France and Denmark. It
maintains that every school should
have a school garden, where every
child should be taught to be a lover of
nature and of the country, and train-
ed toward the land as a source of hon-
orable livelihood, rather than away
from it.

Such a system of education would
undoubtedly tend to very largely check
the constant movement toward the
cities. The farm boy who receives a
fair school or high school education
naturally turns toward the place where
he can best apply it. His training has
not been such as would help him to
farm better or make of farming an
Interesting science. And so he goes
to the city. On the other hand, the
city boy. as he grows up and marries
■would like to have a home of his own
on the land, but he knows only the
trade he has learned. He knows noth-
ing of farming, and he would not
know what to do on a piece of land If
he had it. It has been often said that

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Sav.s Dialers' Profits! Prevents Adulteration ! ~

HAYNER
WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL QUARTS8!**
EXPRESS CHARGES PUD BY US W

OUR OFFER W* W|M shiP y°u' •*Press P^pald. four full quarts of HAYNER'S
WUn Uirtn SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20. Try It and H you don't find
It all right and as good as you can get from anybody elsi at any price, send It back at our
expense and your $3.20 will ba promptly refunded. That's fair. Isn't It? Bear In mind
this offer Is backed by a company with a capital of $500,000.00 paid In full and th*
proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success. We are regularly
supplying over a quarter of a million satisfied customers, convincing evi-
dence that our whiskey pleases, and that we do just as we say. You run
absolutely no risk In accepting our offer, for you get your money back If
you are not satisfied with the whiskey after trying It. We ship in a plain,
sealed case: no marks to show what's Inside.

Every quart of whiskey we sell is made at our own distillery, and our entire
product is sold direct to consumers, saving yon the dealers' big profits and avoid-
ing all chance of adulteration. Xo matter now mnch you pay von cannot get any-
thing purer or better than HAYNER WHISKEY and yet it costs only CM for
four full quarts and we pay the express charg««s. Satisfaction guaranteed or
money refunded by first mail Distillery. Troy. Ohio. Established 13M.
149 wtote vt>rtct omn.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

DAYTON, OHIO

ST. LOUIS, Ha

ST. PAUL, MINN,

> THE j»

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE

INVESTMENTS

TO— « •»>»

WHERE YOUR LABOR

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
THE TRUCKER.
IS NOT IN VAIN

Would a country where work can ba carried on the entire year and where
large profit* can be realized interest you?

The SIAB0AID Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and ■
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrate*
literature descriptive of the section.

J B WHITE, EOW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffc Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt„ Portsmouth. Vi.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

641

The Only Complete Drill.

Hoe, Disc

or Shoe
Fertilizer

And Plain Drills.

America's 20th Century Line.
FETZER <&, CO.,

Capital, $1,000,000.

Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A.

Factory established 1858.
Write for Booklet S.

Always

tSo CONVEN/ENT.

( PA TEN TED )

LONG/TUD/NAL LEVER OUT^OF
THE WAY.

Set on
the hopper

& OPERATE
/T.

it is useless to put the poor of the
great cities out in the country because
they will not stay there. They cannot
be expected to, for to them it is a
strange and barren story. The expe-
rience of the Salvation Army, however,
found in its many irrigated colonies,
shows that men will go out from the
cities and live on the land and make
good citizens where they are taught
what to with the land after they get
on it.

The irrigated farms of the West
show the great capacity of land when
well and intensively farmed, and' that
men can live in plenty and comfort on
five acres and even on a single acre.
Suppose that the 75.000 recently dis-
charged employees of the Pennsylvania
Railroad each had a highly cultivated
acre of rich land to which he could
turn his attention. Instead of being a
drag on the community and the coun-
try, instead of having stopped pro-
ducers, and would still be able to at
least get a living from the soil. Does
not this instance of the disemployment
of 75,000 men who might, if they own-
ed each an acre, be getting a living
from the soil, supply food for thought
to the man who is pondering over eco-
nomic problems? Guy E. Mitchell.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED
STEEL BEAM

AND REPAIRS.

PLOWS

Thi

amed and world-
renowned Plow we guaran-
tee you is worthy of all that
Is said in praise of it. Wood
Beam also furnished. Write
for large Illustrated Cata-
logue.

We are general distribu-
tors of the GENUINE ONLY.

Farm Tools and Supplies

Large Illustrated Catalogue for
1904 just issued, embracing
Hand, Horse and Power Labor-
Saving Implements.

You must save as well as make money.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

Implements Fertilizers

„ Poultry Supplies Wheel Material

41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

INCUBATORS

AND BROODERS.

Season Is at hand. HEN
PRODUCTS higher than
ever. Our prices low. Write
for Free Catalogue, r

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Sol thebn Plastes.

642

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER

[September,

The fallawlag list af »aa«Ta ana »«rla«cals
are the meat papular aaea la tkls aactlaa.
We caa SAVE TOTJ MONET en waatavar
Jaarnal yen wlah:

DAILIES*.

Price With
Alaae. Piaster.

Tlmea-Dtspatch, Rlchmoad, Va $6 N Si *9

The Peat, WaahlagUn, D. C « •» « •»

The San. Baltimore, Md IN 1«

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50

News-Leader, Rlchmaad. Va SN S 00

TRI-WEEKLY.

The Warl* (thrice-a-week), N. T... 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES.

Harper'a Weekly .' 4 00 4 00

Montgomery Advertiser 100 100

Nashville American 641 76

Breeder's Oasatta .. 2 00 1 76

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 136

Cea a try Oaatleman 1 60 1 76

Rellfloaa Herald, Rlchmaad, Va.... 2 00 2 25

Times-Dispatch, Rlchmaad, Va 100 126

Central Preebytertaa, " " 2 00 2 25

Horseman t 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75

Dairy aad Creamery 60 76

Cemmerclal Poultry 50 75

All three 1 60 1 16

North American Review 6 00 6 00

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott'a Magazine 2 60 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 100 140

Bcribaer** Magazine 3 00 3 25

Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Ceamepolltan Magazlae 100 136

Everybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Hnaaey Magazine 100 135

Strand Magazine 1 25 1 66

MeClure'a Magazlae 100 135

Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 2 60 276

Poultry Success 100 75

Rural Mechanics 100 E5

Blooded Stock 50 40

Successful Farming 100 75

Southern Fruit Grower 50 55

Where you desire to subscribe to twa «r
more of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 60 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications aot listed here, write
aa and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
nntll later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write ua for any informa-
tion desired: we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
■artodlasOa.

Seed House of the South.

RANDALL

GRASS,

TALL MEADOW

OAT GRASS,

JOHNSON

CRASS,

BUCKWHEAT,
OATS ana
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

<tP <•> .eP WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, *

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TOINAME.

Apples, Nectarines, Pecans,

Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts,

Peach, Quinces, Walnuts,

Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits,

Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.
. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md.

^M|s44a|M|M|M.t.,f..t..t..t..f.l|,lt,,|,lt,.|lltl|ll|l|l nmmi

f

if

»>
if
«■•
4?
•>•
if
+

*•
->

i>
i»

t

i'*
i>
4»

Ornamental and
Shade Trees,
Evergreens,
Roses, Etc,

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

643

The American Field Fence

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost

is even less than barb wire or wood
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and
prices.

55 INCH

,

">.'

[ 47*

IN.

t

. -X ??

rx.

u

•

"

r s2

rN.

!

»

,_. t ,*•

m.

!■'

«

'

r 20

IN.

1

i

"5 '

_,

—

■ mji ii

THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS,
CORN, PEAS and BEANS as -well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with-
out fertilizer attachment.

V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The
most economical roof made. Does not
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur-
nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet
long.

OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or
power. A comparison with others will
convince you it is the strongest, sim-
plest and best made. The power ma-
chines are furnished with blower or
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low.

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS.

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN.
The quickest and cleanest butter maker
known. The frame is made of Hol-
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong,
and easily forms a useful table. The
churns are furnished of either wood
or heavy tin.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
times in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufac tured and
can be c le a n e d
without trouble to
any one. Write
us for particular-.

All sizes and capacities at low prices.

BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAQONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HAR.
NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTINO AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS,
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES.

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

644

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[September,

EVERLASTING DOUBLETREES AND SINGLETREES.

We present herewith an illustration of the factory of the Pittsburgh Tubu-
lar Steel Whiffletree Co., in which are made the celebrated tubular steel double-
trees, singletrees and neck yokes of every description. These articles are made
from steel tubes, which are tapered and flattened, which process gives them a
graceful appearance as well as adds to their already great strength. Trimmings
are all drop forged and are so arranged that any blacksmith can make repairs,
when necessary. These goods are used extensively on the farms and plantations
in almost every country, including far-off Australia, Mexico, Hawaii, Philippines
and many others, and all users are unanimous in their praise of the great merits
of the Tubular Steel Whiffietrees. The manufacturers guarantee them to excel
all other makes in the three essential points of strength, durability and con-
struction. The following guarantee goes with every set of these articles which
leaves the factory:

The Tubular Steel Doubletree is proven to be superior to any other form of
construction, not excepting sheet steel, solid steel, malleable iron, or the best
hickory grown. They are head and shoulders ahead of any other whiffletree on
the market to-day, and are entitled to this position on the possession of the
following recognized merits, not possessed by other makes:

First. The necessary draft strength.

Second. The necessary lifting strength.

Third. The only absolutely safe trimmings, which are guaranteed to re-
main permanent in all climates and under all conditions, it having been de-
monstrated by actual service in the damp and sultry climate of Cuba during the
late war with Spain, when the United States Government equipped 5,000 of the
army wagons with our farm wagon doubletrees, pattern No. 102, and the goods
were found to be so satisfactory that the officer in charge there made them the
subject of a special report.

All dealers and users are requested to send for illustrated catalogues show-
ing a full line of these articles for all purposes from the hauling of the heaviest
machinery to the lightest plowing and harrowing.

To those going to the Exposition at St. Louis, don't fail to examine the
creditable exhibit of this company, which is in the Transportation Building.

Farm Wagon and Overland Freight Wagon Doubletrees, equipped with Forged
Fittings. Furnished with Hooks or Rings for trace attachment.

Just a final word. The manufacturers are so impressed with the superior
qualities of the Tubular Steel Singletrees that they desire all users to have
the benefit of this invention, which will save time and money. Address the
Pittsburgh Tubular Steel Whiffletree Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

The Unit

Road Machine

So called because it has but ONE
WHEEL, and take but ONE TEAM
and ONE MAN to operate it.

Is of light draft, is sold at a low
price, and will work roads faster than
any other machine. Both ends of the
mould board are under control of the
driver. Being short it can be easily
turned round in narrow roads to trim
up short sections. IT IS A PERFECT
RUT SCRAPER. The angle of the
blade causes it to cut the ruts to best
advantage, sweeping the loosened
earth sidewise to fill them and moving
the surplus to the centre of the road.

Roads can be kept in good condi-
tion, after constructed, at very little
expense.

EVERY DISTRICT SHOULD HAVE ONE.
Write for circular.

THE CALL WATT CO.

13 S. 15 St. bet. "lain and Cary. Richmond. Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planter.

The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG.

and POTOMAC R. R.
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON
LINE.

The Link Connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line R. R.,

Baltimore and Ohio R. R.,

Chesapeake and Ohio R'y.

Pennsylvania R. R.,

Seaboard Air Line R'y

and Southern R'y.

Between all Points via Richmond, Va.

Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and
Freight Route between Richmond,
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing-
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and
all points North, South, East and
West.

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CULP,

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man.

W. P. TAYLOR, Truffle Manager.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

645

H>0{H}JWH3<H}tt0OO00«H}a<H»^

THISTLE

BRAND

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of woo). Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

DEATH OP DR. REYNOLDS.
We are pained to have to record
the death of Dr. James Henry Rey-
nouds, of Adrian, Mich., who for a
number of years was advertising man-
ager of the Page Woven Wire Fence
Company of that place. Our business
intercourse with this gentleman was
always of the friendliest and most sat-
isfactory character. We always found
him fair and square, upright and hon-
orable, courteous and friendly. We
tender his family and his late employ-
ers our profoundest sympathy in their
bereavement.

THE TORNADO ENSILAGE CUTTER
We have pleasure in calling the at-
tention of our readers to the adver-
tisement of Messrs. W. R. Harrison &
Co., Massillon, Ohio, to be found on
another page. This firm makes one
of the very best ensilage cutters on
the markets. Our farmers will never
be able to handle their tremendous
corn crop without an ensilage cutter,
and they will do well to investigate
the merits of this one before purchas-
ing.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

THE KEMP "SUCCESS" MANURE SPREADER.

The Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Company were the pioneers in in-
troducing manure spreaders, and have remained in the lead from the first.
The Kemp & Burpee Manure Spreaders have always been the standard
machines. Now they have taken a long step forward, and offer the farm-
ing public their newest spreader, which they have named "Success"; and
it is well named, for it is so immensely superior in every way to anything
ever before offered that it has proven to be a success among farmers. It
is lighter in draft than the old machines, handles manure of all kinds
and fertilizers with perfect ease and accuracy, and may be so arranged as
to spread a given quantity of manure with evenness and exactness — wet,
strawy manure, light strawy manure, manure tramped in the feed lot by
cattle, fresh stable manure, sheep manure, cornstalk, corn cobs, ashes, lime,
salt, commercial fertilizers, or anything else that is used for fertilizing
purposes, no matter what it is. It has attachments for distributing com-
mercial fertilizers on drills In the rows in any quantity per acre.

I will pay any one needing a manure spreader — and every farmer needs
one, unless already supplied— to send for the catalogue of this company and
give it a careful reading. It is sent free to all inquirers. Address Kemp &
Burpee Manufacturing Company, Syracuse, N. Y.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planttr.

646

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

E
GEO

stablished by THP C A I , -WATT C C\ MANFRED CALL,

D. WATT, 1840. * * If-* W'-TTLL^L*— TT r\. 1 1 \*\J . < Gen'l. Manager.

Implements, Machinery and Vehicles.

PORTABLE EVAPORATOR,
With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans.

THREE-ROLL CANE MILL.

DISC AND HOE GRAIN AND FER-
TILIZER DRILLS,
Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib-
utors.

Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea Hullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills,
Grinding Mills, Plows and Plow Repairs of all kinds, Corn Shellers, Wheat Fans.

We solicit enquiries for anything desired. ^g 1 5th Stre et, Be' "*" "" C"y R I C H M ON D, VA.

CATALOGUES.

The Virginia Land Agency, Rich-
mond. Va., Hockaday Casselman & Co..
Main street, Richmond, Va.

The Foos Mfg. Co., Springfield. O.,
Grinding Mills, Corn Harvesters, Corn
Shellers and Farm Tools.

The American Devon Cattle Club.
Year Book for 1904. L. P. Sisson,
Secretary, Newark. 0.

E. R. Taylor. Penn Yan, N. Y., manu-
facturer of Carbon Bisulphide for de-
stroying insects in grain, etc.

KEEP FLIES OFF STOCK.
Milch cows suffer more from attacks
of flies and mosquitoes in summer-
time than other animals, and the flow
of milk is often seriously impeded in
consequence. An occasional spray of
Sanford's Fly Knocker keeps off the
flies and biting insects and allows the
animals to feed in comfort. The ex-
pense is very small, while the gain is
great. F. S. Burch & Co., Chicago, can
supply you.

NOW I LAY ME.
Oh, once upon a time there was

A tiny little tot
Who knew her Mother Goosey, though

Her prayers she quite forgot!
She started off, "1 lay me down "

Then what do you suppose? —
"Doicn came a blackbird.

And nipped off her nose!"

— September Lippincott's.

AFTER HARVEST WORK.

There is the hauling out and spreading of the season's accumulation of
manure; the clearing of the wood lot; the removal of stumps, boulders, stones,
etc.; the repairing of farm and pasture fences and the filling of silos. Then,
too. there is the shelling and marketing of last season's corn, which has been
held until the present crop has given evidence of success. The marketing of
the spring and summer fed hogs, etc.

Every one of these operations brings the farm wagon into frequent and al-
most continued use. It is important, then, that the farm wagon be a good one.
It should be as light as is consistent with requisite strength. It should be low
down so that it may be easy to load. It should have broad faced tires in order
to avoid cutting up and "rutting" of meadows, pastures and farm lands, and to
reduce the traction and draft to the minimum.

These good qualities and advantages in a farm wagon are embodied in a
high degree in the Electric Handy Wagon, a cut of which is shown with this
article. As its name indicates, it is a low down, handy wagon in every sense
to which this term will apply. It is very easy to load, saving, we think it safe
to say. more than half the lift, as it is the Dart of the lift above the centre of
gravity — the last half — which requires the heavy strain. This advantage will
be appreciated almost beyond comparison in hauling all the above mentioned
substances. Write to Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, 111., for free catalogue.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

647

g«*,<»<HttH>a{>0{Hfc>«HKHKHK^

FO R=

WHEAT, OATS, CLOVER
±M OTHER GRASSES, MM

I CC'O PREPARED I IMC
«■" 0 AGRICULTURAL LIME.

It is the "Old "Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years. It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime
Sulphate of Lime and Potash.

§ p [T Q | fa |_ WHEAT We pUt thiS brand on tne markets omy a few years ago and its success has
_____.. . _ _ _ been short of marvelous. SomJ of the best farmers tell us that they get

FERTILIZER.... a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fer-
tilizer. Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility.

PLAIN SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices.

No.' 1. WOOD BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest market price fram the hilns.
If you wish to IMPROVE your land, use a ton of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER

or if you wish to seed it for other GRASSES where the land is in good condition, use the same quantity and it
will give yoa a good STAND and GROWTH of GRASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no
VEGETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantity, and sow
winter OATS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES.

j3l. S. URESES cfe

102 South 13th Street -

SON,

Richmond, Virginia.

lKH}0<H>Ot>a<HKH><HXHKH><H}a{H>a<l<^^

THE GREAT WESTERN MANURE
SPREADER.

It is his duty to himself for a far-
mer to use modern, up-to-date machin-
ery in his work. Otherwise he works
at a disadvantage compared with his
neighbors. It is in this light that we
present the subject illustrated here,
the Great Western Endless Apron Ma-
nure Spreader. This machine ought
to be considered one of the most ne-
cessary and most important on the
farm. It solves the problem of main-
taining the land's fertility, and this
means everything to him who is go-
ing to get prosperity out of the land.
The old way of spreading manure will
not answer now. It did not make '
the most,- not even half value, out of
the manure. It was slow, laborious,
disagreeable work. The work was not
done at proper times. The same
amount of manure did not cover half
the ground it can be made to cover
with the Great Western, and yet the
results on the first crop and succeed-
ing crops are more apparent.

Of the perfect working and perfect
adaptation of this machine to its spe-
cial work we have spoken above. We
will not at this time go into detail
again on the matter. It must be re-
marked, however, that, while called a
manure spreader, it is equally adapt-,
ed to the right distribution of every
character of farm fertilizer. A faint

idea of the distinguishing features
of this great machine may be gathered
from their advertisement. It should
be read and each claim noted by every
former who does not possess a ma-
nure spreader. These are the unques-
tioned essentials of the perfect work-
ing machine. A much better idea
can be gathered from the Great West-
ern Catalogue, a comprehensive hook,
which may be had simply by address-
ing the manufacturers, the Smith Ma-
nure Spreader Company, No. 18 South
Cliuton street, Chicago. It lays before
the reader in a most convincing way
the advantages of spreading manure
by machinery, and shows fully and
fairly the comparative merits of the
Great Western.

nearing home when a ghostly appari-
tion rose quietly before him.

"Hello there!" cried Terence. "An'
phat are you?"

"I'm auld Nick," came grimly from
the apparition.

"Sure, an' I'm mighty plazed t' mate
yer," said the jovial Terence. "Coom
out an' gie us a shake of yer hand.
I'm married to a sister of yours."

Marshall P. Wilder is reported to be
responsible for this:'

A jovial Irishman of County Down,
Ireland, was overfond of the cup that
cheers, and also had a liking for the
public house, where he was in regu-
lar attendance. His wife, wishing to
wean him from his bad habits, decid-
ed to put up a job on him, and called
in her brother Mike to help her. Mike
was to waylay Terence on the way
home from the spree, pretend to be a
ghost, and deliver a severe reprimand.
Everything went along swimmingly
and Terence was slowly but noisily

NO PAY, NO CURE.

"Mister," said a little child to the
herb doctor, or "root doctor," as they
are sometimes called in some parts—
"Mister, mamma says them las' pills
you sold her didn't do no good, and
she told me to ask you to send her
some other kind this time," a.nd, say-
ing which, she placed the empty box
on the doctor's rickety desk.

"Lemme see," said the doctor, as
he adjusted his glasses and looked
over his book. After inspecting the
book for a few moments he looked up
and said:

"Humph, humph! I see whar de
trouble is. You tell you' mammy,
honey, dat she nevah paid fur dem
las' pills she got, an' tell her she can't
spec' fur dem to do her no good 'cep'n
dey's paid fur!"— September Lippin-
cott's.

Mention The Southern Planter
when corresponding with advertisers.

648

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[September,

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

Scientific Steel Corn Harvester.

The best Harvester on^earth, for standing corn

Safety seats. Safety shafts

ROSS....

Fodder Cutters, Fodder
Shredders, Cutters for all
purposes, Corn Shelters,
Grinding Mills, Horse
Powers and WeodSaw.

Chattanooga
Cane Mills

and
Evaporators.

Special prlceB given on Studebaker and
Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts.

Iron,

Asplnwall Planters, Potato Sorters
and Cutters.

Asplnwall Potato Planter.

Automatic, Accurate and Reliable.
Used by thousands of practical growers
the world over Over twenty years on
the market. Don't be fooled by imita-
Three tions and makeshifts, but write for at-
tractive illustrated catalogue.

Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker Car-
rigea, Studebaker Carts, Studebaker Runabouts

TIGER DISK HARROW.
Flainand LeverSpriug Tooth Harrows. All Sizes

Frick and Auliman and Tayior Engines.
Saw Mills and Threshers.

HENING & NUCKOLS,

ELI BALING PRESSES. 58 styles and sizes. For HorBe or steam
power. Write for prices and Catalogues.

Successors to

CHAS. E. HUNTER,

\M I. li St..

A. C. Button, Pres.

WRITE FOR A CATALOGUE !

J. J. Sutton, Sec'y.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin Sts. & 1404 E Main St.
RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

^ ^ We handle the best in Agricultural Implements, ^ ^
^ ^ .... Machinery, Vehicles and Harness .... ^ ^

Portable Evaporator Sweep Feed Mill

Smalley Feed Cutter

™? Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

'TT'HIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions'in Virginia, in death claims
■*■ alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-~ms ^THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.— «—

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

■■■■inn 1~~1 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. If yon wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Cows, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nae
DIXIE NERVE ANT* BONE LINIMENT-Best on earth for Man or
Beast. Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere.

■ l. OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO.

, Richmond, Va.

WHEAT DRILLS

The most improved, up-to-date drills made-
Will drill wheat, corn, beans, peas and any
other seeds ; clover and grass seed attach-
ments.

We furnished the most approved drills used in the EAST, and another drill, the most
approved used in the WEST.

It will be worth your time and trouble to see us or write us if you want a drill this
Fall. We have inspected all of the drills at the St. Louis Exposition and are ready
to give you the benefit of our investigation.

ASHTON STARKE, Implement Housejtfchmond, Va.

me STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. KLLETT, President. WM. M HILL, Cashier.

CAPITAL. $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000.
RICHMOND - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty- Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHflOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, - - -
J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65 OCTOBER, 1904.

No. 10.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial— Work for the Month .' 649

Crop Production

" Berseem, or Egyptian Clover

The System of Farming as Pursued by the
Average Cotton Raiser Radically Wrong

(No. 2)

Corn Growing in South Carolina

Humus 655

Lime Experiments in South Side Virginia 656

Irish Potato Culture 656

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, page 681).. 658
Improving the Lands of Eastern Virginia 663

652
6S3

H54
«55

Mules 669

Imported Dorsets 670

Feeding Hogs This Fall 670

THE POULTRY YARD:

Editorial — Preparing for Winter 671

Killing Lice 671

The Poultry Crop of 1904 671

Selection of Shipping Eggs 672

Feeding Turkeys for Market 672

Season Notes 672

THE HORSE:

N"*»' ... 673

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD:

Editorial— Work lor the Month 664 fO I U I"0 "Oiannijj

1 The Pear and Pear Blight 665

The Temperature for Keeping Apples 666

The "Tom Taggart" Tomato 666

Wrapping Fruit 666

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Editorial— Will it Pay to Feed Cattle? 667

Getting the Hogs Ready for Killing. 667

Experience with Fresh Cows 667

The Nodular Disease in Sheep ' 668

Some Experience in Buying and Selling Cattle. 669

.ling 674

" Farmers' Institute at Roanoke, Va. . 674

The Movement from Country to City 675

An Immigrant's Advice to Virginia Farmers.. 676
North Carolina College of Agriculture Building. 677

Alfalfa in Indiana 678

Why Virginia Lands are so Low 679

A State Organization of Farmers Started 680

Cure of Fistula in Horse 680

Maternal Love in Cattle 680

Concrete or Cement Barn 680

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

The Most popular Machines in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the

HEEBNER'S,

LITTLE GIANT and
PENNSYLVANIA

Machines, and they have splendid improvements tor 1904.
They are built in (irst-chiss manner, and me strong and
durable. The price is within the reach of all. We guaran-
tee them to do the work batisfact' ry. We will mi il cata-
logue and testimonials, and c|Uote prices on application.

RUBBER. LEATHER

GANDY BELTING,
ECLIPSE"
ENGINES and BOILERS.

ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS.

THE CELEBRATED

"CHASE" SAW MILLS

AND

"DE LOACH" HACHINERY.

This cut shows our 5 and 7 h. p. "Little
Samson" Vertical, Automatic Engine, for
running threshers, peanut pickers, cutting
feed, sawing wood. etc.

Larger size also furnished.

STRATTON & BRAQQ CO., 31-33 N. Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va.

OUR $50 "K ETC HER/7

This name fits this

Virginia Buggy

admirably. It is a winner
wherever used.

Right up-to-the-
minute in design,
honestly and strong-
ly built, very rea-
sonable in price.

We also build all
other styles of light
pleasure vehicles.

Write for our in-
teresting catalog.

Having now gained the

Leadership

in medium-priced work,
we propose to give such
values as will keep it with

RICHMOND BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va.

W. G. ADAMS Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.— .XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. ==SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, October, 1904.

No. 10.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

September has been an ideal fall month. The
rains ceased in the first week, and a period of warm
weather set in, which has continued with but slight
interruption to this writing (20th September). The
effect of this has been most marked. Crops have ad-
vanced rapidly to maturity, and pastures have been
tilled with good grazing. There is every certainty
now that farmers who have done their duty to their
land and crops will throughout the South be rewarded
with good returns for their labor, and that there will
be no scarcity of food for man or beast this winter.
The corn crop of the South, which is considerably,
larger in area than that of last year, promises better
than for many years past, and will probably be the
best corn crop ever made in the South. Whilst our
wheat crop was not of the best, yet we were in this
better off than many of the Western winter wheat
States, and far better off than the spring wheat
Slates of the Northwest. The completion of the
harvesting- of this crop has verified our prediction,
that it would be one of the smallest made in years.
Taken together, the yield of winter and spring wheat
is certain to prove more than 100,000,000 bushels
less than that of last year, and nearly 200,000,000
bushels less than that of the year before last. This
fact, taken in conjunction with the greatly decreased
yield of the wheat crop in nearly every part of Eu-
rope, and practically a failure of it in some South-
eastern countries of Europe, from which ordinarily
much wheat is shipped is certain to result in a con-
tinued high price all through the winter. It has al-

ready sold for $1.20 per bushel in Chicago, and we
look to see a material advance even on this price.

The corn crop of the country is not, in our opinion,
likely to prove as large as that of last year; indeed,
with early frosts, which are already on hand in the
Northwest, there will, we believe, be a large per-
centage of the crop so damaged as to be unmarket-
able. In Southeastern Europe, which usually ships
much corn to England, the crop is practically a fail-
ure, and export has heen already forbidden in sev-
eral of these countries. We look to see a strong de-
mand for our good crop, and those who will have corn
to sell may hold it with confidence of receiving a good
price for it. The only factor which will prevent a
high price is the excellence of the oat crop, which,
when corn is scarce, is largely used to supply the de-
ficiency in feeding stuff.

The taking up of the weather in the beginning of
September had a most beneficial effect on the to-
bacco crop, which now promises to be much better
than was anticipated; indeed, we hear of some ex-
cellent crops being made, and that those already cut
and cured are making a very nice cure. It is prob-
able, however, that there will be a good deal of rather
coarse tobacco, and much will depend on the care
taken in curing this as to the price to be realized.
For all good tobacco there promises to be a good de-
mand, and the action taken by many of the growers
in organizing themselves is likely to result in a more
systematic marketing of the crop, which should re-
sult in better average prices.

650

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[October,

f
The indications still are for a much, less cotton |
crop than the increased acreage lead to anticipate.
Every pound of cotton grown and picked is going to
be needed at a price that will pay the growers, and
there need be no haste in rushing the crops to market.
The price, in our opinion, is not likely to get less as
the season advances, unless there be great reckless-
ness in marketing the crop.

Peanuts still promise only a moderate yield, and
with a market bare of stock, ought to command a
good price.

Sweet potatoes are not yielding as well as they
promised. The drouth of July injured the crop.

Ruta bagas and turnips have made a fine start in
growth, and promise an abundant crop. They will
get weight this month and November very fast.

The second crop of Irish potatoes is now growing
well, but the wet weather in August injured the
stand, and the yield will not be up to the average.

Second crops of clover and grass, and crops
of cow peas, cow peas and sorghum, and
cow peas and millet, have made a heavy-
growth during the past month, and very much
hay has been made from these crops of a highly
nutritive character. They are all rich in protein
and admirably adapted for feeding to young stock
and milk cattle in conjunction with corn fodder, sil-
age and sorghum. Used in this way an almost com-
plete ration can be fed to stock, and the necessity
for buying bran and other protein feeds be almost
dispensed with. With the advancing price of wheat,
bran will become a very costly feed, and every means
should be adopted to avoid purchasing more of it than
can be helped. There are yet large areas of these
crops to be harvested, and we would urge careful at-
tention to the saving of them. In our recent issues
we have published several different experiences in
handling these crops, and refer our readers to them.
Do not be in too great hurry to haul the crops to the
barn. It is an old saying in the "old country,"
where the best hay in the world is made, that "It is
better to have a manure heap in the field than in the
barn." This means that care should be taken to
have the crop well cured in the field before housing
it. At this times of the year the dews are heavy, and
showery weather is often had, under such conditions
hay of all kinds can only be made good by giving it

nmple time to cure, and by frequent stirring of it
during the time when the sun and wind are both
available. Keep drawing the hay into larger cocks
in the field as the cure progresses, opening these out
every day or two to let in the air and sun to dry out
the moisture, and then putting two or three into one.
In this way good hay can be made even in showery
weather. A gentleman who makes a large quantity
of cow pea hay tells us that he is curing it this year
most successfully by setting up in the field a cone of
four pine poles drawn together at the top and set
3 or 4 feet apart at the foot He nails a strip about
a foot from the bottom of the poles to connect them
together, and then piles the peas around these poles-
as high as he can place it, thus putting half a wagon
load in each heap, and tops off at the top with a cap
made over the top of the poles. He tells us that he
puts his crop up around these poles as fast as it is
cut by the machine, only allowing it to wilt a few
hours. These poles allow a current of air to pass
right through the centre of the pile, and this, with
the action of the sun and air on the outside, soon
thoroughly cures the hay. He says that he has made
a great success in curing. The cutting and setting
up of the poles, of course, takes some time, but the
result is so satisfactory that he considers he is well
repaid.

Have all corn and sorghum crops cut off at the
root and set up in good sized shocks to cure out. Let
these shocks be carefully set up and be tied round the
top with binder twine after first drawing them to-
gether with a rope having a ring on one end or by
using the Eontaine shock binder, a very useful little
contrivance recently advertised in our columns, which
enables one man to make good and quick work in set-
ting up corn, so that the shocks will not fall down or
be blown down except with a very high wind. Cut
and cured in this way all the fodder can be saved,
and it is too valuable and has cost too much labor to
be wasted, as is too often done when only a few
blades are stripped off and the rest of the stalk is left
to encumber the ground and make work in its re-
moval before the next crop can be planted. When
thoroughly cured pull off the ears and throw into the
wagon as pulled, and let another wagon take the corn
stalks to the barn, and there run them through a fod-
der shredder and blow into the barn with a blower,
and a great area of the crop can bo housed in little
room, and be convenient for feeding through the win-
ter. Fodder thus saved is as good feed as well cured
hay. Few farmers in the South appreciate the value

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

651

of fodder as they ought. Analysis of the different
parts of the oorn stalk go to prove that the relative
value of the different parts are as follows (the crop
of corn from which the fodder was calculated was 40
bushels of shelled com to the acre) :

Parts of plant. Lbs. per acre. Value.

Butts of stalks 1,395 lbs. $5.59

Tops of stalks 297 lbs. 1.13

Bottom blades 357 lbs. 1.27

Top blades 212 lbs. 82

Shucks and shanks 643 lbs. 2.34

Tassel 75 lbs. 46

2,979 lbs. $11.61

This table shows that the bottom of the stalk, usu-
ally left in the field, is worth more than all the rest
as feed, but to get this value it must be shredded and
packed away in the barn before the weather has ex-
tracted all the saccharine matter out of it. • Only
those who have fed this shredded fodder can thor-
oughly appreciate how stock relish it. If fed alter-
nately with a ration of pea vine hay or soy bean hay,
the stock will not only go through winter without loss
of weight, but will grow and gain flesh even without
grain.

Sorghum, where it has been grown alone and in
wide rows so as to make fully matured stalks, should
be set up in large shocks and be well tied around the
tops. This feed keeps best in the field in these
shocks, as it is practically almost impossible to cure it
sufficiently to avoid moulding if stored in the barn.
Left standing in the shocks the stalks take up suffi-
cient moisture from the ground to keep the sugar in
tbem from souring or wasting, protected as they are
by a very hard outside coating, and the stalks will be
found almost as sweet as sugar cane when taken in to
feed during the winter.

The work of seeding the wheat and winter oat
crop should have attention this month. In our last
issue we wrote fully on the subject of preparing the
land for these crops, and to that issue refer our read-
ers. We only revert to the subject again in order
to emphasize what we then said as to perfect prepa-
ration of the land before seeding. More depends on
this preparation than on the quantity of fertilizer ap-
plied. When you think the land is in good order
for seeding, then give it another working with the
harrow and roller before starting the drill. This
will give you an extra bushel or two of grain to the

acre, and will thus well pay for the labor. Remem-
ber, that Sir John Lawes kept a piece of land con-
stantly producing year after year for sixty years, over
13 bushels of wheat to the acre, without the applica-
tion of any fertilizer whatever by simply working the
land well and plowing down the stubble and weeds
produced each year. This shows the almost inex-
haustible character of the natural plant food in the
soil when rendered available by constant working and
cultivation. Do not start the drill until after frost
has been had, and so avoid danger from the fly. See
to it that you sow only the finest and cleanest seed.
Run it through the fan and blow out all light grains
and weed seed. Careful selection and seeding of
only the plumpest grain will result in a much greater
yield of finer wheat. Give the seed a soaking in
bluestone pickle to destroy all rust and smut spores
before seeding. Sow plenty of seed. Two bushels
to the acre is far more certain to make a good crop
than one. Experiments conducted in many States,
have established the fact that only upon the very
richest land will less than one bushel and a half per
acre produce a maximum yield. The great failure
of the wheat crop throughout the world this year will
warrant the seeding of a large area this year, aa
stocks are bound to be greatly depleted before next
harvest. We in the South should at least produce
all the wheat we need for our own consumption, and
we are not doing this now by a great deal.

Whilst it is too late now to sow crimson clover-
with the certainty of a crop, yet we would still ad-
vise its seeding in a mixture with wheat, oats and
rye, say 10 pounds of clover seed to the acre, with
three-quarters of a bushel of the mixed grain. Much
of the clover will stand when protected by the grain,
and a good pasture and cover for the ground will be
assured, and the mixture makes a good green forage
crop or hay, and a good fallow to turn under.

Hairy Vetch should be seeded this month. Sow
20 pounds to the acre, with three-fourths of a bushel
of wheat or oats or a mixture of the two in equal
parts. This crop makes a fine spring pasture and
forage crop, and excellent hay, whilst at the same
time it improves the land and conserves fertility. It
makes a fine fallow to turn down for a corn crop.
Hairy Vetch stands freezing much better than crim-
son clover, as it makes a stronger root growth. We
would like to see every farmer grow a field of this
vetch for seed. The price of seed keeps very high,
and this prevents the crop being grown as freely as it:

652

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

should. There is no reason why every farmer should
not raise his own seed. The experiment of growing
seed has been tried both in this State and in Mary-
land with perfect success. Sow 25 pounds of seed
per acre with half a bushel of wheat or oats to hold
up the vetches. The wheat or oats can be cleaned
out of the seed with the fan and riddles.

Irish and sweet potatoes should be dug as soon as
matured, and, if possible, before the tops are cut
down by the frost. Dig only when the ground is dry,
and let the tubers lie out on the surface only long
enough to dry off the soil adhering to them. Irish
potatoes should then be taken into the barn or a shed,
from which frost can be excluded and be spread out,
not over two or three feet thick, and be left to pass
through the "sweat" for a week or ten days, and then
after being carefully sorted over and all diseased and
damaged tubers taken out should be stored in a dry,
dark cellar from which frost can be excluded and be
wrapped up in straw. The cooler they are kept so
that they do not freeze the better they will keep and
the less they will sprout. If no cellar is convenient,
they may be put up in pies or heaps of 50 to GO bush-
els: out of doors on high dry land and be covered with
straw and a few boards until after they have sweated
out and the weather is cool, when they should have
soil put on the straw sufficient to keep out frost.

Sweet potatoes should be Btored in a cellar built for
the purpose, which can lie kept at a uniform tempera-
ture of about 45 to 50 degrees. When first stored
the heat should be run up to TO or 80 degrees to dry
out all moisture, and then be cooled down to 50. If
no such house is available or the crop is so small as
ao1 to wai'rant the cost of building one, keep them in
H dry, warm cellar packed away in pine tags.

Sugar beets and mangold wurtzel beets should be
pulled and the tops be cut off before frost touches
them. They will not keep if they have been frozen.
They should be stored in a cellar or in pies like Irish
potatoes.

When the teams are not otherwise engaged keep
them at wort plowing land intended to be cropped
next year. Let this work really be plowing and not
skimming (he top. Set the plow down into the land
as deep as a strong team of two or three horses can
pull it, and keep it there, and bring up some of the
subsoil, say an inch or two. Do not turn the furrows
flat over, but set them at an angle of 45 degrees.

Laid in this way the top soil and subsoil will get mix-
ed together in working the land, and both will be im-
proved. The air, sun and frost will act upon the
subsoil and render the plant food in it available for
next year's crop. If the subsoil be a clay one or if
there be a hard pan break with a subsoil plow the bot-
tom of each furrow. Especially should this break-
ing be done on the gullied hillsides, which are such
an eyesore and source of loss all over the South.
This is the only way in which these washes and galls
can be cured. The water will sink down into the
soil instead of running off and carrying the soil with
it. If possible, give land so plowed and broken a
top dressing of 50 bushels of lime to the acre after
being plowed and run a harrow over it to mix the
lime with the soil, and if then seeded with a bushel
of rye to the acre this will grow and retain fertility
and make some vegetable matter to work into the soil
in the spring.

Have all barns, stables, sheds and pens thoroughly
cleaned out and lime washed, and repair all broken
doors, windows, roofs and sides, and make them wind
and weather tight, so that Avhen stock are brought in
from the pasture they will be housed warm and com-
fortable, so that what is given them may make im-
provement in condition, and not be wasted warming
a cold stable.

CROP PRODUCTION.

In our two last issues our correspondent, Mr. Tur-
ner, of Mississippi, joins issue with Messrs. Whitney
and Cameron, the authors of the celebrated Bulletin
22, of the Bureau of Soils, and incidentally with our-
selves, seeing that on the publication of that bulletin
we largely endorsed the conclusions reached in it.
Mr. Turner maintains that the production of crops
(maximum ones) depends on the abundance of avail-
able plant food in the soil, and that all that is needed
is to crowd on the fertilizer and the crop results will
bo assured. In proof of this he cites the production
of the celebrated prize acre of corn grown in South
Carolina, which, he maintains, resulted wholly from
the abnormal amount of fertilizer applied to the crop.
Whilst, of course, it is perfectly legitimate for Mr.
Turner to use this argument in endeavoring to main-
tain his contention, without regard to the fact that
this abnormal use of fertilizer was absolutely without
profit to the grower, yet in practice (his feature can-
not be ignored. Farmers farm for profit, or at least
ought to do so, and any system of crop production

190-4.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

653

which, though it may result in maximum crops, does
not add to the profit of the producer is one which

cannot in practice be endorsed, even though it may
tend to elucidate a theory and establish a conclusion.
We are, however, not prepared to accept the conclu-
sions of Mr. Turner, although in the incident cited
as proof they seem to be supported. In our long
practical experience on the farm we have seen and
experienced failure in the production of crops on the
richest land, where the superabundance of plant food
in the soil should, under Mr. Turner's doctrine, have
resulted in most abundant yields, and this not be-
cause of abnormal weather or climatic conditions,
but apparently because of some inability of the crop
to secure and make available the plant food in the
soil. This, to our mind, is conclusive evidence that
some other factor goes to the making of maximum
yields other than that of abundant plant food avail-
able to the crop. If only this factor is the controll-
ing one, then why does not land which has been sup-
plied with more than sufficient available plant food
for the crops produced, and which, therefore, must
be accumulating food in the soil, go on increasing the
annual yield. We know from hundreds of examples
every year that the yield, for instance, of a crop of
wheat can be increased from the normal of unfertil-
ized land in this country, say 10 bushels to the acre,
to 30 bushels to the acre by the application of a prop-
erly balanced fertilizer of available plant food, yet
the continued application of this balanced available
fertilizer for years will not serve to lift the yield on
the average to more than the 30 bushel limit, except
possibly to the extent of a bushel or two extra in
specially favorable years. We have ourselves re-
peatedly tried to ensure an excessive yield by ex-
travagant fertilization on land already producing
more than the average maximum yield, but rarely
succeeded in our efforts, and even then only to a very
small extent. The accumulation of food in the soil
appeared to have no bearing upon the result after a
certain production had been secured. Up to a cer-
tain point the way to increase the yield is clear, but
beyond that point available increased plant food
seems unavailable to the crop. There must be some
cause for this, and the discovery of this cause and the
remedy fi r it is one of the greatest problems now
awaiting solution by scientists. Because Messrs.
Whitney and Cameron's labors seemed to lie directed
to the solution of this problem, we hailed their bulle-
tin with commendation, and look with hopefulness
to the results of the continuation of their work. We
are satisfied that there are more factors involved in

the problem than the mere supplying of plant food.
We believe that the water content of the soil and its
availability to the plant, the capacity of the plant to
avail itself of this water content, the physical and
mechanical condition of the soil, above all, the num-
ber and character of the microbic life in the soil, and
its relation to the plant food supplied or naturally
present in the soil, all have much to do with the yield
of the crop probably much more than the quantity
of fertilizer applied. In this view as to the especial
importance of the microbic life wTe quote the follow-
ing from a bulletin received from the Michigan Ex-
periment Station, which has come to hand whilst
writing this article: "The failure of land to yield a
crop is not due, in most cases, to a lack of plant food
in the soil. Results of chemical analyses show that
in average soils throughout the country there is in the
first eight inches enough nitrogen to last ninety years,
enough phosphoric acid to last 500 years, and enough
potash to last 1,000 years. * * * The great
problem, then, of modern agriculture is not entirely
the conservation of plant food in the soil, but rather
the unlocking of the rich stores already in the soil
and placing them in a condition to be assimilated by
plants. This unlocking process is carried on natu-
rally by the soil micro-organisms." The micro-or-
ganisms or bacteria are plants, and "the myriads of
them invisible to the naked eye in taking their food
from the chemical compounds of the soil produce in
those compounds first the changes necessary to render
them useful to the higher plants in making their
growth." Unless certain required conditions of tem-
perature, moisture, reaction, respiration and food sup-
ply are present these micro-organisms cannot perform
the important duties in relation to plant growth, for
which they exist, and without these are performed the
crop will fail of maximum production, even in the
presence of illimitable food. We will further dis-
cuss this question in future issues.

BERSEEM, OR EGYPTIAN CLOVER.

We have had several enquiries during the spring
and summer as to this crop. We looked up the re-
ports upon it, and came to the conclusion that it was
not so well adapted to the South as to some other sec-
tions of this country. Recently we have received
from a subscriber in Moore county, 1ST. C. the follow-
ing report on the result of an experiment made with
if. He says: "We sowed a small plat on April 6th.
On June the 1st it was 18 to 22 inches in height and
in bloom. We made no attempt to cut it, as we wish-

664

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

ed it to mature, but young rabbits took most of it.
It seems to be very promising in many respects. We
have sowed again August 26th, and this is coming on
nicely. This late sowing is to test its ability to with-
stand cold." We hope to hear further from our cor-
respondent on this subject in the spring.

THE SYSTEM OF FARMING AS PURSUED BY THE
AVERAGE COTTON RAISER RADICALLY WRONG
(No. 2).

Editor Southern Planter:

While I am perfectly willing to admit that the
major portion of our cotton raising brethren make a
business of sowing cow peas every year, they are sown
specifically for hay, or for the dry peas, and not as an
all-important, and, in fact, indispensable part of a
"renovating" or "fertility-maintaining" system.

Every cultivator of the soil should make the per-
manent improvement of that soil one of his chief
aims in life. It costs no more to grow a crop of cot-
ton, or, indeed, any other crop, on rich soil than on
poor, while the yield is fully four times as large, and
the profits correspondingly greater. Increased fer-
tility means an increased productive capacity, which
latter means larger and more profitable crops; while,
on the other hand, decreased fertility means a de-
creased productive capacity, and smaller and more
unprofitable crops. There is no profit in cultivating
poor land, nor in raising poor crops. Unless there is
a decided change in system pursued throughout the
entire South, there will very shortly be nothing but
poor crops gathered. There must be a regular, syste-
matic, rotation ; and one in which the legumes freely
enter, and these legumes must be liberally fed with
both potash and phosphoric acid, or a decreased and
ever decreasing fertility will be the inevitable re-
sult

The application of phosphoric acid and potash in-
variably results in profitable returns from the cow
peas themselves, and never fails of bringing a profit-
able increase in the yield of the crop following the
cow peas. Cow peas not only furnish nitrogen to the
farmer free of cost, but they also increase the mois-
ture holding and moisture retaining properties of the
soil, and by keeping up the humus supply, improve
its physical properties, making it light, loose, friable,
mellow, warm-natured, free-growing and productive;
promote nitrification and aeration of the soil, causing
the liberation of plant food that without them might
have lain latent forever, and puts the land in the best
possible fix for the liberal application of commercial

fertilizers and makes "intensive farming" possible.
This fact should never be lost sight of, that intensive
farming is the coming farming ; it is the farming of
the future; it is the only really profitable system of
farming, and it cannot be carried on where humus is
deficient I know of lands so destitute in humus
that 75 pounds of commercial fertilizer is as much
as can with safety be applied per acre, while, on lands
immediately adjoining, where humus is abundant,
ten times this amount, or 750 pounds and upward
per acre, can be, has been, and is being used with
manifest advantage and decided progfit. No humus,
no high manuring, no intensive farming, no maxi-
mum crop yields. How important, then, that the
cotton raiser keep up his humus supply, and raise
his own nitrogen. He should grow such areas of le-
gumes (never less than one-third of amount in culti-
vation) as will enable him to dispense with the pur-
chase of nitrogenous fertilizers for cotton, using the
money thus saved to purchase increased amounts of
phosphates and potash, said increased amounts of
phosphates and potash enabling the farmer to grow
heavier crops of legumes ; the heavier crops of legumes
attracting and abstracting larger amounts of other-
wise unavailable atmospheric nitrogen, resulting in
further and still further soil enrichment, and ever-
increasing crop yields per acre, per hand and per
farm.

As a feed, a ton of cow pea hay is worth as much
a? a ton of wheat bran, and more where a large per-
centage of ripe peas are saved with the hay; while
hogs may be fattened thereon at small expense ; the
increased amount of forage saved will, in turn, call
for more (and better) live stock of all kinds, and re-
sult in the saving of more manure. The place for
the surplus manure ('after the garden and potatoes,
melons, etc., are supplied) is in dressing the weaker,
poorer portions of the farm ; the place for the fertil-
izers is on the peas; Ihe place for the cotton is on
the pea stubble, then corn (and peas) after cotton.
Where oats are raised, they should follow the corn,
ground well prepared by disking, the oats drilled in
rough (not harrowed) in the fall — as soon as corn is
gathered. They should be liberally fertilized with
from 400 to 600 pounds per acre of a fertilizer
analyzing about "3-8-5." The oats should be follow-
ed immediately by peas. Oats are quite exhaustive
on land, and by no means a satisfactory crop in this
section, except where sown in fall and highly fertil-
ized. Pea hay is better, more sure, more satisfac-
tory, more productive, and more profitable than oats ;
hence the raising of oats is — in this section — almost

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

1904J

limited to years where corn is short and an early feed
required. "A. C. K." (A Cheonic Kickee).

CORN GROWING IN SOUTH CAROLINA.

COW PEAS AS IMPEOVEES OP LAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

It will possibly be of interest to you and your read-
ers to have a report an a field of corn planted by me
this year. The field is eight acres in extent, and is
a light sandy loam, with clay about two to- three feet
from the surface. In 1902 corn was planted and
yielded 30 bushels per acre with 600 pounds of fer-
tilizer. That fall oats were planted. The yield was
poor. In June, 1903, one bushel of Unknown peas
was planted per acre and fertilized with 400 pounds
of kainit and dissolved bone. The yield was 36,000
pounds of hay. This spring hog pen manure was
broadcasted on field, and 600 pounds of fertilizer of
a low grade was broadcasted, and the field planted in
corn. The rows were three feet eight inches, and
the stalks fifteen inches apart in the drill. The stand
was perfect. Cultivation was by two horse Planet,
Jr., riding cultivator until corn was four feet high,
and then with the Planet, Jr., horse hoe. At all
times I kept a dust mulch of one and one-half to two
inches. This field is now said to be the best field
of corn ever raised in Marlboro county, and you will
remember that this is the county that made the prize
acre. The ears on the stalks run from two to seven,
and in a few cases over, and one stalk has eleven,
good ears. The ears are large and well filled. It
will easily make 90 to 100 bushels per acre. The
seasons have been favorable, but land of the same
character near it will not make more than 10 to 15
bushels, and in no case more than 25, with as heavy
fertilization, but not so good cultivation. The in-
creased yield must be attributed to the nitrogen fixed
in the soil by the cow peas, and to the hog pen ma-
> "nure. I used to think that the legumes were over-
rated, but now have changed my mind. The rating
is under and not over. The most convincing illus-
tration of this fact was a plot of corn in 1903. A
field of fifteen acres was planted and cultivated in the
same way as the eight acre field. Five acres of this
crop was grown after peas, to which 300 pounds per
acre of kainit and dissolved bone was applied. The
balance of the crop was after cotton. The field of
corn was sold and produce weighed. The yield after
peas was 45 bushels per acre, after cotton 15 bushels.
Rather a convincing argument that fertilizers alone
do not improve land.

At some future time will report further tests and
results. John Calhoun.

655

HUMUS.

how to maintain a peopee supply.
Editor Southern Planter:

Humus is the vegetable matter in the soil. To de-
termine the quantity of humus present dry the soil
thoroughly. Then weigh a suitable quantity of the
dried soil, place in an iron vessel and set over a fire.
Bring the contents to a low red heat and stir for a
suitable length of time, say for thirty minutes. When
cold weigh again. The difference between the
weight before and after heating is humus; it has
been consumed by the fire.

But heat is not the only mode that will destroy
humus. Injudicious cropping will remove humus
from the soil. As an illustration, if commercial fer-
tilizers, even of high grade, be employed for a suffi-
cient number of consecutive years, no means in the
meantime being employed to make the necessary
humus, the soil will eventually become dead and com-
pact; the humus has been extracted as effectively as
if done by heat. In this condition of the soil no ap-
plication of commercial fertilizer, however large,
will produce a profitable crop ? The necessary quan-
tity of humus must again be restored to the soil before
there can be any more profitable farming.

HOW TO MAINTAIN A SUPPLY OF HUMUS.

A heavy green crop should be occasionally turned
down. When the vegetable matter rots it will supply
the needed humus. In selecting plants for humus
purposes preference is given those of the legume fam-
ily, for the reason that in addition to supplying hu-
mus a bountiful supply of nitrogen is drawn from
the air. A good crop of cow peas or of the other
legumes will easily mature $15 worth of nitrogen per
acre, which, when turned down, will serve the next
crop. Rye may be equally good for humus purposes,
but the nitrogen, except what may have been drawn
from the soil, is wholly lacking, none having been
drawn from the air.

Hairy vetch, crimson clover, etc., may be grown
during the fall and winter, and cow peas, soy beans,
etc., during the summer.

The ranker the growth the greater will be the
quantity of nitrogen drawn from the air. Hence it
usually pays well to liberally fertilize said legume
crops.

FEETILIZEE FOE COW PEAS, CEIMSON CLOVEE, ETC.

Mix 400 pounds of muriate of potash with 1,600
pounds of acid phosphate and apply 400 to 600
pounds per tore, preferably a few weeks before seed-
ing.

If cow peas are employed they are preferably
planted in three feet drills, fertilizer applied in the

656

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[October,

drills and plants thoroughly cultivated from start to
finish. One peck of seed per acre will be ample for
forage or improvement purposes.

With proper cultivation the fertilizer will act far
better than when broadcasted, without cultivation.

If the improvement of the land is the object sought
the entire crop at maturity should be turned down.
When the quantity of vegetable matter is large sev-
eral months will be necessary for it to properly de-
compose before seeding thereon. In the meantime
the soil should be plowed several times and the rotted
vegetable matter properly mixed therewith. Then,
and not till then, will the soil be in a proper condi-
tion to yield its strength.

Certain prominent writers advocate feeding the
hay and returning the manure to the land. If this
plan be adopted twelve months may elapse before the
manure is returned to the land, and by reason of the
manure having been scattered here and there much of
it will never be returned. The action of the vege-
table matter on the soil is such that I am emphati-
cally in favor of turning under such portion of the
green crop as can be well spared from the barn

will make available the inert potash present in the
soil, and will be much less costly than the potash,
whilst also serving to improve the physical and me-
chanical condition of the soil. — Ed.

LIME EXPERIMENTS IN SOUTH SIDE VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Following are particulars of some experiments
that I have made with lime on the Grove Farm in the
last two years :

I applied one ton of lime to the acre, scattered
broadcast on a grass sod of timothy, blue grass. Herds
grass and sapling clover that bad been standing for
one year. The application was made in October.
This field of fifteen acres was seeded to grass the fall
before. The grass sod has thickened each year since,
and each year has yielded more hay. Another ex-
periment was made on an eight acre lot, which was
plowed in November. One ton of lime was scattered
broadcast on the plowed land in December. This
was followed by a spring tooth harrow, thus mixing

the lime with the soil. The following spring the

Another important feature in legumes is their high [field was planted to corn four feet between the rows

feeding value. Cow pea bay contains about the same', and twelve inches apart in the iow. It was worked

nutritive value, pound for pound, as wheat bran, and
can therefore be substituted for wheat bran. The hay
contains 10 8-10 per cent, of protein and 38 6-10 per
cent, of carbo-hydrates. The proportion here is one
part of protein to 3 6-10 parts of carbo-hydrates. In
a well balanced ration there should be one part of
protein to 5 to 7 parts of carbo-hydrates.

Timothy hay contains about 2 8-10 per cent, of
protein and 40 4-10 per cent, of carbo-hydrates.
Hence if a ton of timothy or some similar hay, such
as corn fodder, shredded corn, etc., be mixed with a
ton of pea vines the mixture will contain one part of
protein to nearly 6 parts of carbo-hydrates. This is
a fairly well balanced ration, and will give far better
results than the two hays will if fed separately. Al-
falfa, crims slover, etc., may be substituted for the

pea vine hay. Bryan Tysox.

Moore Co., N. 0.

The application of potash in any form for the
growth of the leguminous crops, except of some of the
lighl sandy soils of Eastern Virginia and North
Carolina, is of very questionable value. Experiments
made in nearly all sod ions of Virginia have conclu-
sively shown that there is potash sufficient in all our
soils for the maximum production of these crops.
All that is needed is that a dressing of 25 to 50
bushels to the acre of lime be applied to the soil. This

flat with a spring tooth cultivator. The field aver-
aged 65 bushels of corn to the acre. Last fall the
eight acres were put in timothy, Herds grass, Blue
grass and sapling clover. The grass was top dressed
with barn-yard manure during the winter. The sea-
son being a bad one for hay, I only got one and one-
half tons to the acre. The sod at this writing is a
good one, and bids fair to make a good crop another
year. A third experiment was tried on three acres of
peas and German inillet. The land was very thin,
one ton of lime to the acre was scattered on the land
after plowing it in April. Peas and German millet
were seeded 6ts1 of June. After seeding the peas
and German millet, some scrapings from around the
stables was scattered broadcast over the land. The
crop was a heavy one. Not far from this lot of three
acres was a two aero lot in peas, cultivated in the
same way, but no lime was used. Only a half crop
was cut from the lot. T. O. Sandy.

Nottoway Go., Va.

IRISH POTATO CULTURE.

Editor Southern Planter:

While Irish potato growing has assumed large pi-o-
portions, there is still the certainty that a decided in-
crease, if properly conducted, will bring increased

1904.]

THE SOUTHED PLANTER.

657

profits. To accomplish this more attention must be
paid to selecting seed, and thorough spraying must
continue through the season. . The whole year's ope-
rations hinge on pure, sound, healthy, vigorous seed.
Unfortunately for the Southern trucker habit holds
him in an iron grip, and in spite of all that science
has given to light the path of the potato growers, we,
ihe Southern farmers, are not ready to let go old
traditions, buying our seed potatoes from the North,
direct from the commission merchants, and having
them shipped South during the severe cold winter
months in bags or barrels.

My experience has been, that it would be better to
buy the seed potatoes from the originators and grow-
ers North and have them shipped South in double-
headed barrels just as soon as they are harvested and
dried.

Southern farmers can store them in some under-
Ground cellar, or potato house, properly ventilated,
and protected from frost, and so arranged that sun-
light does not reach the seed stock. This point alone
is of great value to a potato that is to be used for
seed.

The writer has seen, from time to time, many bar-
rels and bags of potatoes remain on the steamboat
wharves and in open warehouses, as thev are shipped
from the North. This delay is often due to the far-
mer's inability to haul the potatoes to his potato house
on account of the bad weather or bad roads. When
he is ready to plant them, he finds a large portion
have to he thrown away on account of rot or from
being severely chilled by exposure in the cold weather.

If Southern farmers will get their seed potatoes
from the North in October, and keep them in their
own potato houses, thev will have a smaller percent-
age of loss, and the convenience of having the pota-
toes in stock ready for planting as soon as the weather
will permit.

The best varieties for early planting in February
are the Early Rose, Bovee, Red Bliss, Crown Jewel,
White Bliss and Clark's No. 1. Last season the
writer tested a potato originated by the Johnson Seed
Potato Co., of Richmond, Me., called the Early
Johnson, which will prove a leading potato in Nor-
folk county, Ya. All the truckers who planted this
potato last spring are very much pleased with it, as
it is very early and exceedingly prolific.

I have frequently observed that potatoes do better
when the seed is changed by growers every now and
then. The grower in the low lands getting his seed
from the grower in the highland, and the grower in
the highland getting his seed from the grower in the
lower country.

I am convinced by experiencve that the land for
planting potatoes in February should be ploughed in
November or December, and then reworked. Pota-
toes demand clean culture, and working the field sev-

eral times during the fall and winter will leave it in
the best possible condition for February and March
planting in the South.

Machinery now takes the place of hand labor. The
work of cutting enough seed potatoes by hand to
plant 50 to 500 acres is tedious and tiresome, occupy-
ing a number of days, while the use of potato cutters
enables the crop to be put in when the ground is in
proper condition, and when the season and oppor-
tunity presents itself. The potatoes as they are cut
should be sprinkled with land plaster, this keeps them
from bleeding and rotting in the ground before ger-
minating.

The potato planter scatters the fertilizer in the
drill and covers it before the seed falls. Carefully
conducted experiments demonstrate that from 1,000
to 1,500 pounds of a special potato fertilizer to the
acre will give the best results, and that 1,000 pounds
should go in the drill under the seed, and the balance
be spread before the cultivator starts.

When the potatoes are ready to break ground a
weeder should be run across the field to pull down
the beds so that the potatoes can come through the
ground quickly.

The trouble with far too many growers is that they
wait until the bugs appear and signs of their ravages
show themselves before preparing to 'protect the grow-
ing vines. When the vines are fairly above ground,
Bug Death or Paris Green mixtures should be ap-
plied dry witli a special sifter. A little later, say
ten days after, begin spraying with Bug Death in
connection with Bordeaux Mixture or Paris Green
and Bordeaux Mixture, and do thorough work, going
over the field, lie it large or small, twice in a row,
once each way, at least once a week until a day or two
before harvesting the potatoes. Success hinges on
the spraying of the potatoes. It is here that a ma-
jority fail.

For a small planter a Knapsack sprayer, with an
agitator and force pump should be used, and the in-
secticide be mixed in an oil barrel, and stirred each
time thoroughly lief ore filling sprayer.

Growers of a large acreage of potatoes should use
a horse power sprayer, spraying six rows at a time.
The make fitted with an oil barrel fastened so that
I ho staves are parallel with the axle have proven to
he the best, as by this method of construction the agi-
tator can lie so arranged that it fits close on the inside
of the barrel, and can lie arranged to revolve when the
axle turns without the pump working, thus keeping
the solution thoroughlv mixed at all times, so long as
the sprayer is in motion. Tlie pipes should be fitted
on the bottom side of the barrel between barrel and
axle, so that all the solution can be drawn from the
barrel With a strung pressure pump, holding an
even pressure, and forcing a fine, mist-like spra"
through the Vermorel nozzles too fine to gather into

658

THE SOUTHERX PLAXTEE.

drops of water, all parts of every leaf of the plant can
be covered. If a single leaf is left unsprayed it will
invite rust, and the bugs will be sure of company.
For these reasons it is essential that the sprayer be
one so constructed as to insure uniform pressure of
sufficient, power to force the spray into every part of
the plant, and over every leaf.

The proper proportions for a mixture of Bug
Death and Bordeaux must, receive attention. This
is made clear in every bulletin. One thing is cer-
tain, spraying should begin when the vines are six
inches high and be repeated every week or ten days
until the potatoes are harvested.

To grow potatoes successfully and profitably im-
proved implements are demanded, the Planter,
Weeder, Horse hoe and Cultivator, high pressure six
row Sprayer and a Digger, these in addition to the
Cutaway harrow, etc.. furnish the equipment until
time for shipping. They take the work out of the
hand operator, and stimulate increased acreage by
machinery.

The Irish potato crop is one of immense value to
Southern farmers in the States bordering on the
ocean, and that value will be increased as attention is
given to the fundamental principles for success, which
science and experience have demonstrated.

Norfolk, Ya. . Percy L. Baxks.

[October,

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Sountmi
Plasteb, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

Cotton Seed Meal.

1. Is cotton seed meal a safe feed for horses ?

2. Is it as good for horses as wheat bran ?

3. Is cotton seed meal as good for young calves as
wheat bran ?

4. Would you mix anything else with it for calves ?

5. Is it as good for milk cows as bran ?

6. Would you mix anything else with it for cows?

7. I- ' moal a good feed for chickens?

8. Is cotton seed meal of any value as sheep feed ?

9. Is it as good as bran?

10. Sheep fed red clover and cow pea hav, do they
need any grain ? If so, what kind ?

Rockingham Co.. Ya. \\\ M. Hkatwole.

Professor Henry, the recognized authority in this
country on stock feeding, says: "It may be stated in
general terms that when cotton seed or its by-products
are fed in reasonable quantity with a proper comple-
ment of other feeding stuffs satisfactory results are
secured with all farm animals except calves and
.•wine." Cotton seed meal being a rich protein feed,

containing as it does 42.3 per cent, of protein and
only 23.6 per cent, of carbo-hydrates, is not a safe
food for any animal fed alone. It should be bal-
anced by the use of a carbo-hydrate feed like corn
meal along with it, and this mixture is improved by
the addition of wheat bran, making the ration more
bulky and not so liable to become impacted in the
stomach. For best results the mixed grain ration
should be fed upon chaffed hay, straw or fodder.

1. Horses and mules do well on a ration contain-
ing two pounds of cotton seed meal daily mixed with
the other grain feed, which may be reduced propor-
tionately. From four to six pounds per day should
be the maximum amount fed, and this should be
reached gradually.

2. Cotton seed meal is not as safe a feed for ani-
mals of any kind as wheat bran. You cannot well
feed bran in such quantity as to do injury to any
animal, but you may do this with cotton seed meal.
Cotton seed meal requires to be fed with discretion
and observation of results, and so used is a valuable
acquisition. "We have had cows to which we could
not feed cotton seed meal without injury, and we
have no doubt this applies to horses and mules as
well.

3. Cotton seed meal is not a safe feed for young
calves. We have had reports of deaths caused by
feeding the meal even in small quantity daily.

4. We would not feed cotton seed meal at all to
calves under a year old. Flax seed cooked or flax
seed meal should be used to supply the protein portion
of their food. We have used this with the very best
results from the time the calves were a fortnight old.

5. As a feed for milch cows, cotton seed meal is
most valuable, care being taken not to feed in too
great quantity or to cows which have a constitutional
inability to assimilate it, which we have found to be
sometimes the case. Henry says that the results of
the experiments made go to show that "the feeding
of cotton seed meal to dairy cows has proved satis-
factory, when the allowance has not exceeded five or
six pounds dailv for short periods, and three or four
pounds for long periods." It has the effect of hard-
ening the butter, but if fed in too great quantity will
make it light colored and of inferior quality.

6. It should not be fed alone, but in mixture with
corn meal and bran.

7. We have had no experience in feeding it to
chickens, nor do we find any experiments with it for
this purpose reported. We, however, should not
hesitate to feed a small quantity in mixture with
other grain in the mash feed.

1904.]

THE. SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

659

8. We have never fed cotton seed meal to sheep
nor can we find any report of the result of its being
so fed. We know no reason why fed in small quan-
tity in a mixed grain ration it should not be found a
valuable feed for old sheep, but we would not feed it
to lambs.

9. See previous replies.

10. Fed plenty of good, sound red clover and cow
pea hay sheep will keep in as fine growing condition
as these animals ever will do on dry rations. Sheep
must always have a succulent ration either in the
shape of grass or other forage crops or roots to do well.
If feeding for the market, they should have a grain
ration in addition to the hay. A mixture of peas,
oats and bran with a little oil meal makes the best
grain ration for sheep. — Ed.

Storing Corn to Escape Weevil Damage— Analysis
of Soils.

1. Which of the two following methods or ways
do you consider the best in storing corn : Bring corn to
the barn in the shuck or shuck it in the field and then
store it in the barn ? The people in this vicinity tell
me (a newcomer) that a certain weevil destroys the
corn in the barn much more if out of the shuck than ]
if in it.

2. Where must or can I write to sending samples
of the various soils on my farm in order to ascertain
what the soil is in need of in order to bring at least
fair, if not good, resiilts with corn and hay, alter-
nately. I mean, what fertilizing will be necessary
in addition to green manuring as advised by you, and
followed by me, in the shape of cow peas, crimson
clover, etc. Southern Fabmeb.

Virginia.

1. There are several so-called weevils which do in-
jury to grain, but the most common in the South are
the Granary Weevil, a wingless beetle found only in
barns and corn houses, which have been allowed to be-
come infested with it by not keeping them cleaned
out thoroughly every year after the grain has all been
used. This beetle can eat through the shuck as easily
as through the grain, and therefore it matters little in
which form the crop is stored. If the beetle is there
it will get into the grain. The remedy for it is to
clean out the barn or corn house thoroughly some
time before corn is to be stored, and to burn all the
trash swept out at once. This beetle, however, is
not usually the weevil doing the greatest injury to
grain in the South. The real culprit is the larvae of
the Angumois grain moth, which practically breeds
all the year round here. It breeds in the wheat in
the field in summer and earlv fall, and later in the

stacks and stored wheat. Preferring wheat to corn,
it does not usually trouble corn \mtil it is ripe and
shucked, and then it but rarely attacks it if husked in
October and November, and kept stored in slatted
bins out of doors all winter. If corn is stored in a
close barn after it is husked it is almost certain to be
attacked by this pest. Bisulphide of carbon will
kill both the weevils mentioned and their larvas if the
grain affected be enclosed in a tight bin or room and
the bisulphide be placed on the top of the grain in a
saucer and be left there for forty-eight hours. The
grain should then be exposed to the air before being
used. This remedy is effectual, but difficult to use,
as so few barns or corn cribs are sufficiently tight to
confine the vapor. Bisulphide of carbon should be
kept away from all lights, as it is very explosive.
Cleanliness is the best practicable remedy. Clean
out all barns and corn cribs in the spring and sum-
mer, and keep them clean and burn all trash and
grain swept out. It is in this trash that the weevils
exist until the coming of new grain. The best way
to handle the corn crop in the South to avoid injury
from these weevils is to cut it down at the root, set it
up in shocks in the field to cure, and then in October
or November shuck out the grain and place it in a
slatted corn crib with a good circulation of air around
it, and place only the fodder and shucks in the barn.
2. Analysis of soils with the view of ascertaining
the fertilizer needed is practically of no value to a
farmer. The chemist in his laboratory can, with the
aid of powerful solvents, find plant food in the soil
which no plant under normal conditions of growth
can make available. The only practical way to as-
certain the requirements of the soil is to have a series
of plots, say of one-tenth of an acre each set out on
a level field of the farm, of the average fertility of the
farm, and to plow and cultivate these alike in every
respect, applying to each plot a different form of
plant food or plant food in different combinations,
and the crop results will tell the tale unmistakably
as to the requirements of the soil. — Ed.

Sweet Potato Culture— Black Eye Peas.

1. Will you kindly give the best method of culti-
vating sweet potatoes? I notice that the yield of
sweet potatoes in Eastern Virginia is vastly greater,
and that the potatoes attain a much larger size than
beyond the Blue Ridge, where the method of cultiva-
tion is entirely different. Would you advise sweet
potato slips set from four and one-half to six inches
apart in high ridges, as they are planted in Southwest
Virginia ? When and how should the hot bed be
made ?

660

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

2. Please tell also when and how the famous Black
eye pea should be planted so as to produce the best
results for table use.

Ax IxEXPEBIENCED GaEDENEE.

Grayson Co., Va.

1. Much of the success attained in growing sweet
potatoes in Eastern Virginia arises not from the
method of cultivation, but from the natural adapta-
bility of the soil and climate of that section to the
crop. The sweet potato requires a warm climate and
a well drained sandy loam soil, and both these are
met in Eastern Virginia. The character of the soil
has much to do with the quality and success of the
crop. When grown in a damp clay soil the table
quality of the tubers is never good. The land should
be rich in vegetable matter, and be in fine tilth. They
generally do best following a hoed crop, like corn or
some vegetable crop, and it is a good practice to sow
clover in this crop at the last working to cover the
ground during winter and be turned under in May.
Crimson clover sown in September or October makes
a good preparation of the soil. The land should be
broken deeply and be finely worked. If the land is
low and inclined to be wet it is best to plant on
ridges. These sin mid be three feet apart. If the
land is dry, sound land, the plants may be set on the
level. The plants should be set ten inches apart in
the v«>\\s. A complete fertilizer should be used.
Where the land is poor this may be made up of 100
pounds of nitrate of soda, 300 pounds of acid phos-
phate, and 100 pounds of muriate of potash per acre,
or from 10 to 15 tons of well rotted farm-yard ma-
nure may be used with 50 pounds of muriate of pot-
ash per acre. Plenty of potash in the soil is essen-
tial to success. The hot bed to raise the plants should
be made up about two months before the plants will
be needed to set out. The end of May or beginning
of June is early enough to set out the plants. The
hot bed should be made of fresh horse stable manure.
and should be aboul twelve inches thick. The ma-
nure should be tramped solid and left to heat. In a
week or ten days the heat will lave moderated suffi-
ciently for the bed to be covered with three inches of
soil, and the tubers may then be laid in this soil and
be covered with sandy loam soil two or three inches
deep. The bed should then be covered with sash or
hoards to keep out the rain. Keep the bed just moist,
but not wet or the tubers will rot. Slips may usually
be drawn in about four or five weeks after bedding
the tubers. There is a little book published called
"Sweet Potato Culture" for profit, by Prof. Price,
price 50c, which will be found full of valuable in-
formation. We can supply it.

2. The Black eye pea should not be sown until the
ground is thoroughly warm, say in the end of May
or beginning of June. Plant in rows, two feet six
inches apart, dropping the peas two or three inches
apart in the row. If the land is not rich, apply three
or four hundred pounds of acid phosphate per acre.
Cultivate three or four times to encourage growth,
and keep down weeds. — Ed.

Private Distillery— Planting Irish Potatoes in
Winter.

1. Can a person distill sufficient liquor for his own
use without paying a license in Virginia ?

2. Please give full information as to planting po-
tatoes in December, and what can be used for a mulch.

Henrico Co., Va. T. E. P.

1. We are not conversant with the rules and regu-
lations of the Internal Revenue Department as to the
distilling of liquors, but believe that no such work
can be done without license from the Federal authori-
ties. Enquiry at the office of the Department in the
post-office at Richmond will no doubt secure the de-
sired information.

2. For several years past Irish potatoes have been
planted in November and December in the Eastern
and Southern parts of this State and the Eastern
sections of North Carolina, and we have had very
satisfactory reports as to the success attained. It is
important, however, that attention should be given to
the following rules when setting: Select a piece of
dry, sandy loam land and lay off the rows three feet
apart after breaking ihe land deep and working it
fine. Run the plow twice in each row, thus throwing
the soil out to a good depth. Scatter a good potato
fertilizer in the bottom of the furrow and run the
cultivator through it to mix it with the soil. Then
drop the sets the usual distance apart and cover
lightly with soil. On the top of the soil put a good
covering of farm-yard manure, having plenty of straw
or other vegetable matter in it, and plow on to this
manure a furrow from each side, thus making a ridge
over the sets. Early in the spring or as soon as the
weather becomes mild, run a harrow over the rows to
level down the ridges, somewhat. If the potatoes
should push through before danger of hard frost is
past plow a light furrow on to them as soon as they
are seen.

Wherever the climate is mild enough during win-
ter to ensure that the soil will not be frozen hard for
more than an inch or two deep, this practice of plant-
ing Irish potatoes in the winter months may be and
ought to he practiced, as it relieves the pressure of
work in the spring. Several growers have told us

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

661

that they make better yields planting in the winter
than in spring. — Ed.

Clover Hay for Poultry Keepers.

Will you please give the names and addresses of
growers of alfalfa or other, clover hays?

Why does not some enterprising Southern farmer
make a business of putting up clover hay for poultry ?
We have thus far been obliged to send to New York
State for our supply. We would prefer keeping our
money in the South.

The Roselaxd Poultry Keepers' Co-Operative
Association.

Roseland, N. C.

Growers of alfalfa and clover will please note this
enquiry and communicate with the enquirer.

Not necessary to send to New York for clover. —
Ed.

Smoke House.

Can you tell us either by mail or through your ex-
cellent paper what is the best modern way to build a
smoke house?

Subscriber of Several Years.

The requirements of a good smoke house are that it
shall be sufficiently tight to hold and confine the
smoke around the meat, but still have an opening in
the roof sufficiently large to allow the smoke to pass
out slowly, thus keeping up a constant current of
smoke past the meat. Where the smoke is too closely
confined the meat will become too strongly impreg-
nated with the creosote flavor to be nice. A brick or
frame house six feet square and seven feet high, with
a brick or concrete floor and a chimney in the centre
of the roof one foot square will meet the requirements
of a family smoke house. If a frame house be built,
it should be lathed and plastered inside. A door
should be fixed in one side, which should be lined
with zinc. — Ed.

Worms in Cabbage.

There is a great excitement in Southwest Virginia
and Eastern Tennessee about what is called the Cab-
bage Battlesnal-e, claimed to be found in the stem of
the leaf of the cabbage heal. It is about the size of
a horse hair and some five or six inches long, and is
said to be deadly poison. There have been some
deaths reported from eating cabbage containing the
worms, and others verY near dying.

Scott Cn..Ya. A Subscriber.

As we were unable to give any information on this
worm, we wrote the Department of Agriculture on
the matter, and the following is the reply received :

The creature which vou mention is without donht

a hair-worm, Mermis albicans, the species which was
so much complained of last year. You will find an
account of it in one of the concluding paragraphs of
Bulletin No. 44, copy of which I send you under
separate cover. With the same mail we have re-
ceived a communication from a Dr. Leroy, of Nash-
ville, Tenn., who has made observations on this
creature which, you may know, is not a true insect,
with the result that he found that it possesses no toxic
(poisonous — Ed.) properties whatever. You state
that the worm is found in the stems of the leaves of
cabbage. This is the first report of this nature that
we have received. If this could be verified we would
be very glad to receive specimens. Some additional
notes on this hair-worm and some other species will
be issued as soon as opportunity offers, and I will
send you a copy when it is available for distribution.

C. L. Marlow,
Acting Chief of Bureau.
The bulletin mentioned does not add anything of
value to what is above stated. — Ed.

Plant For Name.

I enclose a section of a vine growing here in moist
land. The vine is running on some elders, and there
are tubers from which they grow about the size of
pheasant eggs. The tubers grow in a string and are
attached by small roots the size of small straw and
a tuber forms about every eight inches. Hogs eat
these tubers in winter. Please give name.

Nicholas Co., W. Va. A. J. Lego.

The plant sent for identification is ground nut,
Apios apios. This plant belongs to the pea family,
and is native in open woodland throughout the east-
ern part of the United States. It has no economic
value, so far as I am aware, aside from the fact that
its tubers are relished by pigs. It rarely grows in
sufficient abundance, however, to furnish a very large
proportion of the food consumed by hogs.

Lyster H. Dewey, Botanist.

Bone Meal as a Permanent Improver.

I am anxious to get information about pure bone
meal, as a permanent improver. I have a nice farm,
level and well located, that I wish to improve as fast
as possible. Have laid it out into four shifts so as
to have one shift resting every year. I raise corn,
wheat and tobacco. Will subsoil one shift and sow
oats and clover. Wish to use 300 pounds of bone
meal and 100 pounds of some good fertilizer per acre.
Will sow last of March or first of April. Will get
oat crop and second year one crop of clover (first
growth), and turn under second growth so as to heav-
ily seed the land, then sow in wheat and rotate, and

662

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

rest, as above stated, and get all sbifts set in clover,
and when sown in small grain will get a clover crop.
Will use bone meal all along. Will this in a few years
improve my land and permanently so as to save me the
expense of using fertilizers every year ? How would
lime act in connection with the bone meal ? Can you
give me prices of pure bone meal and names of manu-
facturers. J- L. Jones.

Forsythe Co., N. G.

As a fertilizer for the permanent improvement of
land bone meal is of the highest value. The only rea-
son why it is not more largely used is its cost and the
fact that it is slow in action, but of its permanency
there can be no question. For quick action acid
phosphate should be applied. Bone meal supplies
two of the essential forms of plant food, phosphoric
acid and nitrogen, but its main use is as a supplier
of phosphoric acid. The average percentage of phos-
phoric acid in pure bone meal is 23 per cent., with
4 per cent, of nitrogen. If your land lacks potash,
the use of bone meal alone will not give you the best
results. Indeed,. if, as you say, you intend to grow
tobacco, it will be absolutely essential for you to ap-
ply sulphate of potash in addition to the bone meal to
secure a fine quality and good crop of tobacco. Phos-
phoric acid alone on tobacco will give a coarse qual-
ity of product. If you succeed in establishing the
clover rotation, as you suggest, this crop and the bone
meal will give you all the nitrogen and phosphoric
acid you need. The application of 25 to 50 bushels of
lime per acre once in each rotation will help largely
to secure the clover, and will also improve the physi-
cal and mechanical condition of your land, and make
available the natural supply of potash in the soil, and
thus lessen the quantity of potash needed to be ap-
plied to make the tobacco. This lime, however,
should not be applied at the same time as the bone
meal, but some time before, say on the clover fallow
when plowed in the fall for the corn crop, and the
bone meal then be applied in the spring, when work-
ing the land before planting the corn. All the farm-
yard manure you can make should be applied on the
clover sod for the corn crop, and if this be done and
the supply bo liberal, no bone meal need be applied
to that crop.

You will get bone meal as cheap from the seeds-
men advertising in our columns as from the manu-
facturer. A large part of what they grind is sold to
the seedsmen, who retail it. We know of no bone
mills in your section, but if you write the State De-
partment of Agriculture at Raleigh they will no
doubt be able to give you the names and addresses of
siich mills as are in your State, and you can then

get their prices for comparison with those of the
seedsmen. Bone meal is now quoted at from $25 to
$28 per ton. — Ed.

Cow Failing to Breed.

Will you please publish some remedy to make a
cow breed ? I have one that has had the service of
three different bulls without success.

A Subscriber.

The Dairy Association of Lyndonville, Vt., adver-
tised a remedy for this trouble in our columns last
year. How effective it is we do not know by personal
experience, but they publish numbers of testimonials
from responsible parties. Of course, there are cows,
like there are animals of all kinds, which are natu-
rally barren, and no remedy will be of any service if
you cow is in this class. A cow a twin with a bull
will never breed. She is what is known as a free
martin. — Ed.

Peach Yellows.

Please describe peach yellows, and could you tell
if my trees had yellows if I were to send you some
twigs ? Subscriber.

Monroe Co., W. Va.

Peach yellows is very easy to recognize. Instead
of the leaves growing on the twigs in a normal man-
ner the branches put out small wiry shoots, on which
the leaves grow in bunches and turn yellow. The
fruit ripens prematurely some weeks earlier than
usual, and is insipid in flavor and with purple dis-
colorations of the flesh. — Ed.

To Destroy Warts on Animals.

Please give me directions for curing warts on a
mule. I have a mule with a large wart on breast
and one in ear. These have been growing for about
a year. A. H. Rogers.

Darlington Co., 8. C.

Warts are essentially a morbid overgrowth of the
superficial papillary layer of the skin, and of the
investing cuticular layer. The smaller ones may be
clipped off with scissors and the raw surfaces cauter-
ized with bluestone. The larger may be sliced off
with a sharp knife, or if with a narrow neck, they
may be twisted off and then cauterized. If very
vascular, they may be strangled by a waxed thread or
cord tied around the neck and the ends being fixed
by passing them beneath the last preceding turn of
the cord, so that they can be tightened day by day as
they slacken by shrinkage of the tissues. If the neck
of the wart is too broad it may be transfixed several
times with a double threaded needle, and then be tied
in sections. Very broad warts that cannot be treated

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

663

in this way may be burned down to beneath the sur-
face of the skin with a soldering iron at a red heat,
and any subsequent tendency to overgrowth kept
down by bluestone. — Ed.

Cotton for Seed.

Please tell me whether cotton seed from the first
or second picking is best for seed to plant next year.

Camden Co., N. C. J. B. Elliott.

The seed from the first opening cotton will usually
produce a larger and better stapled cotton than that
from the later opening. — Ed.

Bermuda Grass.

Kindly inform me if the "Bermuda Grass" of the
South so often mentioned now, is the same thing as
our "wire grass" of East Virginia. Have you any
experience with Bermuda grass for summer pasture;
and Burr clover for winter, growing together on same
ground same time ? Will not some reader of our
splendid Southern Planter give me their expe-
rience with the above mixture for summer and winter
pasture. L.

Norfolk Co., Va.

Bermuda and the wire grass of Southeastern Vir
ginia are the same grass, but Bermuda is not the same
grass as is known in the North and Northeastern
States as wire grass. Personally, we have had no
experience in the use of Bermuda and Burr clover
mixed, the one for summer and the other for winter
grazing. Where the Burr clover grows freely in the
winter we should suppose they would make a good all
the year round pasture. The Hairy and English
Vetch have been grown with Bermuda in several of
the Southern States to meet this requirement with
success. How far the vetch will meet the require-
ments of a winter grazing crop in this State remains
to be tested. It makes good early spring grazing. —
Ed.

Corn — Annual Clover.

I have a piece of land that I have had in corn and
annual clover for the last four or five years. I turn
the annual clover in the first of June and plant it in
corn. I have the best crop of corn on it this year
that I have had for several years. Do you think this
ought to be changed, or do you think I can keep on
working it this way ? When I lay the corn by I sow
it in clover and graze the clover and turn in what is
left and plant it in corn. Wish you would let me
know what you think of this. Also please let me
know what kind of fertilizer you would advise using
on the corn after turning in the clover.

Southampton Co., Va. J. L. Camp.

If you will only supply the land with sufficient
phosphoric acid and potash to meet the constant drain

on the mineral plant food of the soil, you can continue
this rotation indefinitely. You should apply 300
pounds of acid phosphate and 50 pounds of muriate
of potash per acre one year and 50 bushels of lime
per acre the next. This should keep up the fertility
of the land. — Ed.

Blue Thistle.

I have a piece of land that has on it what is known
as the blue thistle, and it has damaged the land very
much. Will some reader of your valuable paper
advise me some way to get rid of this growth. I will
appreciate very much. W. S. Lewis.

Halifax Co., Va.

Will some one with experience please reply. Our
own experience with thistles is that the most import-
ant point is to prevent seeding by cutting off before
flowering. The roots may be eradicated by cultiva-
tion or the spud. — Ed.

IMPROVING THE LANDS OF EASTERN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Bulletin No. 99 of the Rhode Island Agricultural
College, at Kingston, covers a ground of immense
importance to Virginia farmers east of the Blue
Ridge. It says: "The prime object of the experi-
ment was to see if by the use of only a small amount
of stable manure, supplemented by chemical ma-
nures, or by the sole employment of chemicals, it was
possible to renovate exhausted soil and to subse-
quently maintain its fertility at a profit."

Such an experiment is precisely what the whole
Tidewater region of Virginia demands, and no work
of our Agricultural College and Experiment Station
is of such paramount importance as the problem of
turning our exhausted farms in this section into profi-
table productiveness by comparatively inexpensive
means.

The Southern Planter, in its able advocacy of
the grasses and their sequence, stock of all kinds, and
in its intelligent teachings how best to grow all most
successfully, is doing a noble work for Tidewater
Virginia, and could it have the co-operation of the
State in broad experiments upon these wildernesses
of abandoned and exhausted farms, even the lime-
stone region would soon be equalled in fertility and
in growth of stock and grasses.

Ballston, Va. R. S. Lacey.

We have been much disappointed that the test farm
at Saxe, in Charlotte county, Va., has not done work
on these lines ere this and reported results. It is
located in a section where such work could be done
and much needs to be done, and under proper direc-
tion would be clone. We have heard much complaint
as to the little benefit yet derived by the farmers of
East and Southside Virginia from the establishment
of this place. — Ed.

661

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.
The harvesting and gathering of all the summer
grown crops and the preparing of the land and the
planting of the winter growing crops for early spring
shipping and use will find plenty of employment for
truckers, gardeners and orchardists this month.

All vegetables should be dug and gathered as they
mature. Do not leave root crops (except carrots,
salsify and parsnips) in the ground after they are
matured. They are very apt to commence a second
growth in our mild falls, and this spoils the keeping
of the crop and also the eating qualities. In our

articl i "Work for the Month" on the farm we

have given advice as to the storing of Irish and sweet
potatoes, and to this we refer readers. Carrots, par-
snips and salsify will usually keep well left in the
ground where grown, but it is wise to pull part of the
crop and store away in the cellar, preferably in sand
in order to provide a supply if the ground should be-
■ ■ hard frozen.

The ripe lima beans and navy beans should be
gathered and stored away in a dry room, after the
pods are dry, to be shelled at a convenient oppor-
tunity for winter use. Navy beans may also be
stored away in the haulm after the plants have been
pulled and thoroughly cured, and can then be thresh-
ed out during; winter and be cleaned and sorted for
use or sale. There is r.lways a good demand for these
dried beans all winter. The same remark is true of
black eye peas, which should always be carefully har-
vested and saved.

In the orchard the work of gathering the apples

and pears should have attention, and as this year we
have only a small crop in the South, it should be
carefully husbanded. Let the crop he gathered, and

not, a- is too often the ease, be knocked off the trees
villi j.oles. Every bruised apple means a rotten one
in a very short time. Carefully cull the fruit and
Store awa\ or ship only the best and soundest. Let
the culls be at once used either for drying or for
eider or vinegar making, or for consumption. The
fruit required for home use should he stored away in
a cool, dry cellar or room on slatted shelves or bins.
Apples will keep well \\ ilh the temperature near down

to the Freezing point, bul should not lie frozen. The

; urplus for the market should hi' packed in boxes or

barrels, and be put in so that they will not shake loose
and be headed down under pressure. We believe that
there is room for a departure from the usual custom
of packing apples in barrels Avhich would result in
profit to growers. There are thousands of people in
all towns wlio would be willing to buy a bushel or
half bushel of apples put up in a box or basket, who
will not buy a barrel at once. This class of people
should 1)0 catered to. They will be willing to pay
something extra for a package which they can handle
easily.

( >nion sets should be planted out for the spring and
early summer crop. For green onions in the spring
the Potato or Multiplier onion is the one to plant out.
Set in rows wide enough apart to allow of cultiva-
tion with the horse and plant in the row six inches
apart, just dee]') enough to cover part of them. The
rows should be on a slight ridge made by throwing
two furrows together over the fertilizer or manure,
and this ridge flattened down somewhat with a roller.
Make the land fine and rich. A fertilizer made up
of 200 pounds of nitrate of soda, 750 pounds of cot-
ton seed meal, 750 pounds of 12 per cent, acid phos-
phate, and 300 pounds of muriate of potash to make
a ton will be found a suitable one. Apply at the rate
of from 500 to 1,000 pounds to the acre. The Queen,
sometimes called the Pearl, is about the best variety
for planting to make bulbs for selling as dry onions
in the early summer. It keeps better than the Potato
onion.

Towards the end of ihe month cabbages may be set
out for the spring crop. Make the land fine and rich,
( labbages are gross feeders. Run the rows east and
west, put most of the fertilizer in the laying off fur-
rows, and bed on them. Then set the plants near
the bottom of the bed on the south side. This will
give them the protection of the ridge during winter.
See that the plants are not allowed to dry out before
being set. They are Lest set right out of a bucket of
water, in which they have been placed as pulled from
the seed bed. Make the rows two feet six inches
apart, and set the plants fifteen inches apart in the
rows. A good fertilizer for cabbages where farm-
yard manure is scarce can be made by mixing 300
pounds nit rati' of soda. 750 pounds cotton seed meal,
750 pounds ,,f 1 2 per cent, aeid phosphate, and 200
pounds of muriate of potash to make a ton. Apply

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

665

at the rate of from 500 to 1,000 pounds to the acre.
The best variety to plant is the Jersey Wakefield.

Kale and spinach should be sown for winter and
spring cutting.

Celery plants should be earthed up a little to keep
tliern from spreading, but unless wanted for an early
market it is too soon to earth up the plants to, bleach
them. They will yet make considerable growth.
When earthing up celery to bleach care should be
taken to keep the soil out of the hearts of the plants.
Each plant should be drawn together in the hand and
so held until the earth is pressed close around it.
Some tie the plants together with a soft cord or string
before commencing to earth them.

Rake up and burn ail trash and waste in the vege-
table and flower garden, and sow land not needed for
other crops in crimso7i clover or hairy vetch and oats
or wheat to conserve fertility and make vegetable mat-
ter for plowing down in spring.

Strawberry plants may be set out this month. An
ideal place in which to set them is a piece of land that
was made rich for growing Irish potatoes. They do
better on such land than where the manure or fer-
tilizer is applied in large quantity at planting. Cot-
ton seed meal is a good fertilizer to use when setting
out the plants. Apply in rows and mix with the soil,
then bed on these rows two feet six inches apart and
set the plants fifteen inches apart in the rows. Open
good holes large enough to spread out the roots and
plant just deep enough to cover all the roots of the
plant, but not the crown. Make them firm in the
ground by pressing the soil closely to them. Good
plants carefully set out in good land now will make
a small crop next year.

THE PEAR AND PEAR BLIGHT.

Editor Southern Planter:

The pear is one of the most extensively cultivated
and valuable of the fruit trees grown in- temperate
climates. The apple is the king of the tree fruits;
the pear ranks next; and the peach is ahead of the
orange. Pears have been cultivated from the re-
motest antiquity. They are mentioned in the oldest
of the Greek and Roman writings. The trees grow
wild in the woods and copses of Great Britain and
on the continent of Europe and throughout the tem-
perate parts of Asia. In the wild state it is usually

either a large shrub or small tree, thorny, and with
small, austere (or sour, harsh to the taste) fruit. In
cultivation it becomes a tree forty or fifty feet high,
without thorns, and the fruit is wonderfully improved
in size and flavor. The dwarf trees for planting in
gardens are obtained by grafting on quince stock.
They come into bearing a little sooner than standard
trees, and are much shorter lived. Standard trees
planted in good soil, if they can be got safely past
the blighting period (which is while they are young
and growing fast) will iive to be a hundred years old.
A tree in a neighbor's garden, he says, is seventy-nine
years old and still alive, though showing signs of de-
cay. A tree planted by my father, and still alive,
cannot be less than seventy-five years of age. It is
said that some pear trees planted on the banks of the
Mississippi, by the French Jesuits in 1772, are still
alive. Pears were of such miserable quality and so
lightly esteemed for eating in England 150 years ago,
that the trees were chiefly planted to raise timber for
making furniture, and the fruit was made into
"perry" — a fermented cider made from pears in the
same manner in which cider is made from apples.
In Hale's Husbandry, published in 1758, it is said:
"When the tree has begun to bear the produce will be
yearly very great ; and the fruit, though poor in taste,
will yield a great profit if made into perry, which is
easily done."

Among the enemies of the pear is the pear weevil,
which eats into the core of the pear like the worm
into the apple, and was unfortunately introduced into
this country in 1881 in some grafts obtained from
France.

More recently the San Jose scale calamity came,
but the direst enemy to this fruit is the fire blight,
which has always been with us, and attacks other
fruit trees, only with less virulence.

We are all liable to make mistakes, and possibly
I made one in my recent article on pear blight, but I
am not yet convinced of this. The best scholars and
investigators are not exempt. The learned men of
Greece and Rome who founded the different schools
of philosophy, made huge mistakes in science and
theology. Tytler, the historian, says: "The Greek
philosophy, on the whole, affords little more than a
picture of the imbecility of the human mind."

There are many things about the diseases of plants
and animals that are supposed to have been thor-
oughly settled, which will not stay settled because
they have not been settled right. Banquo's ghost will
not stay down. The presence cf microscopic bac-
terial forms in the sap of a blighted pear tree limb

666

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

does not prove that they killed the limb, any more
than the presence of the maggots in the dead horse
proves that they killed the horse. The bacilli found
in the blighted limb might have generated there after
the limb was dying from some unknown cause. The
advocates of the bacillus theory will admit this, but
claim that as a certain form of these, when separated
from all other forms present, and when this certain
form has been introduced into the growing tissues of
healthy trees continues to grow and will cause the
blight, then the evidence of the bacillus theory is
too strong to be doubted. They think that if the
bacilli came to the limb after it was blighted, and
were not the cause of it, then they would not be able
to reproduce the blight when inoculated into healthy
trees.

It would be strange if these bacilli, after having
gorged themselves to the full, and sported in the
poisonous sap of the blighted limb would not be able
to convey the poison to the healthy tree. It would be
passing strange if the crow, after having banqueted
on the dead horse, did not bear away some of the
re (ten flesh and stench to his rookery.

Arsenic and other mineral poisons (which cer-
tainly do not contain bacilli) are destructive to trees
and plants when introduced into the sap. (We doubt
this.— Ed.)

The Hon. W. R. Barnhart. in his address before
the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, said: "We
have the blight on the pear and quince, which is hard
ud and account for. Why, and what is
blight I Is it an insect, or is it the result of atmos-
pheric influences i I am not so clear on this being
an insect. Why was it that last season, in the ex-
treme dry heated term my whole quince orchard of
several hundred trees was blighted all over for a foot
or so in the ends of the limbs or branches, and this
appearing to have been done in a few days, as though
by hot air, similar to the hot air blighting of
the corn in some of the Southwestern States. Pears
with us were much more injured last season than for
years past. Trees that had stood the trial or test for
years were in a few days blighted all round, and
im:ih\ entirely destroyed. Could this insect (if in-
sect?) get in its work so effectively in so short a
time?"

\s previously stated, I had a young tree loaded
with half grown pears that had every leaf blighted in
one day, as I positively know, and the tree died. A
billion of bacilli could not have killed it so quickly.

J. W. Ingham.

We think the evidence in favor of the bacilli origin

of fire blight very strong, and have always so ad-
vised, but such cases as those quoted above throw
doubt upon it. — Ed.

THE TEMPERATURE FOR KEEPING APPLES.

In commercial practice a temperature of thirty-one
to thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit in the warehouse re-
tards the ripening of the fruit more than a higher
temperature. It also checks to a greater extent the
development of diseases and of scald. When the
fruit is removed from the warehouse to a warmer
temperature it remains in good condition longer when
taken from a temperature of thirty-one to thirty-two
degrees Fahrenheit than when removed from a higher
storage temperature.- — Year Book of the Department
of Agriculture for 1903.

THE "TOM TAGGART" TOMATO.

The Baltimore Sun of September 1, 1904, says:
"M. Kercheval, the veteran printer at the Farmers'
Advocate. Charles Town, W. Va., has not only solved
the problem how to raise large tomatoes, but smooth
and perfect specimens as well. He has had on ex-
hibition the past two weeks several dozen in the show
windows of Brown «S: Hoof's drug store that have
been admired for their large size and beauty. One
single tomato weighed 42 ounces, while six dozen
taken from the vines at one time tipped the scales at
SO^- pounds." He has only 24 vines under cultiva-
tion, and from the first of July tip to this period has
taken off 23 dozen, aggregating in weight 281 pounds,
besides smaller ones that have been used for canning
and eating purposes, and the vines are now well laden
with fruit. This variety of tomato is a seedling of
the "Crimson < lushion," and has been named by Mr.
Kercheval the ''Tcm Taggart," in honor of the Chair-
man of the Democratic National Committee.

WRAPPING FRUIT.

Every year we are learning to put up our fruit
with more care. The improvement comes both with
the fruit grower and with the consumer. The market
is becoming more refined, and customers are willing
to pay more for a fancy article put up in a tasteful
fashion. The use of the box for shipping apples is
a step in this direction, and the wrapping of the in-
dividual fruits in paper is another step. Experience
ear has shown this last step a very important
lit materially increased the prices realized.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

667

Live Stock and Dairy.

WILL IT PAY TO FEED CATTLE?

Usually when asked this question we have no hesi-
tation in advising that it will do so, provided only
cattle of a good type, pure bred or high grade stock
of the best beef types, are selected and given proper
care and attention and fed well-balanced rations. It
will pay not only an aettial cash price for the corn
consumed more than can ordinarily be realized from
the sale of the corn, but will enable a large part of the
roughage of the farm to be converted into manure at
a profit, and this applied to the land will result in a
great saving in the fertilizer bill, and thus give an-
other profit, while the manure so applied will result
in much better and more certain crops than will com-
mercial fertilizer. Asked the question at this time
we have hesitation in advising feeding this winter.
Eor the man who has the stock raised on the farm it
may pay, but for the man who has the stock to buy
we are of opinion that the direct profit will be doubt-
ful. The strike at the great stock yards, just brought
to a conclusion after weeks of strife, has so disorgan-
ize! I the markets that there are to-day thousands of
cattle from the ranges and from summer feeders un-
sold, which ought long ago to have gone into con-
sumption. These cattle now are an incubus on the
market. They must in many cases be sold at any
price that can be had for them,, as the owners have
nothing to feed them on, and cannot afford to buy
corn at the price which it bids fair to command. In
our opinion the corn crop is going to be a short one,

lv 300 or 400 million bushels less than that of
last year. This will naturally result in a higher
price, especially when taken in conjunction with the
bat the corn crop in Southern Europe, which
usually largely supplies the English and other Euro-
pean markets, is a complete failure. When these two

, the excess of beef stock waiting consumption
and the probable high price of corn are taken into
account, stock to be purchased at a price to pay for
feeding will have to be bought very low, and we
doubt much whether it is going to be practicable to
buy at such a rate as will leave a margin of profit to
be made on the feeding adequate to cover the risk.
Wo always hate to discourage the feeding of stock of
any kind as it is our well grounded opinion that in
the South and East, at any rate, and probably in the
West as well, only through the consumption on the
farm of the long feed and forage crops and a very
large part of the corn produced on the farm, can an
adequate return be made for the labor and outlay ex-

pended in the work of the farm, but circumstances
are such this year that we think it right to utter a
word of caution to those who have stock to buy, if this
svstem is to be followed.

GETTING THE HOGS READY FOR KILLING.

Begin feeding the hogs which you intend to butcher
a ration of corn every day so as to push them to ma-
turity. Pastures are beginning to lose their nutri-
tive value, and unless the hogs are on peas, corn, sor-
ghum, soy beans or peanuts, with plenty of grain and
nuts fairly matured on them, they are not likely to
continue making the progress they ought to do for
early killing. A mixed grain ration will be safer to
feed than new corn alone, and the hogs will do better
on it. Gradually get them on to grain alone, so that
the meat will 'become firm and the fat solid before
killing;.

EXPERIENCE WITH FRESH COWS.

Editor Southern Planter:

A Maryland dairyman not long since wrote: "The
cow eats the placenta (after-birth) because nature
implants in her at that particular time a great crav-
ing for it. I do know that if a cow refuses to eat it
serious consequences may be looked for."

This is no doubt true in regard to this dairyman's
cows, else he would not say so. It may also be true,
for aught I know, of many other dairymen's cows;
hut it is not the case with our cows. I have kept
from 10 to 12 for forty years, and attended to them
personally when calving; have removed the placenta
when it would not come away naturally in twelve
hours after calving, and can truly say that not more
than one in ten of them ever wanted to eat the pla-
centa any more than they wanted to eat the calf. In
my opinion, it is a morbid, and not a natural, appe-
tite. It is the same unnatural craving which causes
some sows to devour their young pigs, and cholera
stricken hogs to eat their own poisonous evacuations,
as I have seen them doing; again taking into their
stomachs the murderous microbes that were destroy-
ing their intestines.

Nature's work is done by general rules. If nature
implanted the appetite in the cow at that particular
time, it would have been implanted in all cows, and
presumably in all grass eating animals. Treating a
freshly calved cow to a bucket of warm water, in
which a quart of wheat middlings or a pint of linseed

668

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

meal has been stirred is all right. A cow at such a
time is thirsty, and she also needs a little nourish-
ment. The great danger is in feeding too much milk
producing food, and here I think is where too many
farmers err. They are anxious to have their cows
do well, and are too generous of their grain feed at
first. It is always the very best cows in the herd
that suffer with milk fever, inflamed udder or "caked
bag," and they frequently die from the first. The
aim should be to retard, instead of stimulating, the
flow of milk. I never give our fresh cows a full
ration of meal in less than a week after they calve,
and not then unless the hardness in the udder has
subsided. I give them all the hay they will eat, and
a moderate feed of wheat bran.

Desirous of making their cows do well, some farm-
ers commence feeding them generously with meal be-
fore they calve. In my opinion, this is a mistake.
If the animal is poor, it will only make her weaker
by starting a premature flow of milk, which will be
sure to cause inflammation in the udder. I have had
to milk some of our cows a week before they calved
in order to prevent them from having- "caked bag."
When they get it, as some of them frequently do, my
remedy is to leave the calf with the cow, and milk
her three times a day if the calf does not keep the
udder empty. I have a bottle of ammonia in the
stable and bathe the udder once a day with that, and
twice or three times a day with brine or soft soap.
Ammonia, if used too often, might prove too strong a
"counter irritant." The more the udder is rubbed
the better, and it may be the "massage" is better than
the medicine.

RETENTION OF THE AFTER-BIRTH.

There used to be a dread on my mind before our
cows calved lest some of them should retain the after-
hirth. I did not know how to remove it, and there
was no person in the neighborhood who did. To
li ave it to rot away I knew was the ruination of the
cow for the whole season. They tell about attaching
a pound weight to the protruding end of the placenta,
and also seizing the mass between two pieces of wood
and dragging gently, moving it from side to side, to
stimulate the womb and cause its expulsion. They
also recommend giving the cow physic, ginger, pepper,
etc. All these, in my opinion, are childish remedies,
and when they are effectual the cow would have
cleaned just as well without them. When our cows
retain the after-birth more than twelve hours, I know
it must be removed by the insertion of the hand and
pinching off the adhesions which seem to have grown
fast to the inner surface of the womb. If not ac-

tually grown fast, the connection is too strong to be
separated except by pinching off the connecting liga-
ments. I learned how to do this, not from choice,
but from necessity, as there was no competent person
in our neighborhood to be employed.

J. W. Ingham.
The connections between the placenta and the
womb, called technically cotyledons, ought not be
pinched off, but unbuttoned. They each loop into a
sort of buttonhole. — Ed.

THE NODULAR DISEASE IN SHEEP.

Editor Southern Planter:

As there is some discussion at this time in yours
and several other agricultural journals about knotty
or lumpy intestines, by some termed nodides, in
sheep, allow me to say in reply to Mr. Waller's en-
quiry about this disease in the May number of the
Planter, that as his feed was corn and fodder, all
sheep fed on corn exclusively as a grain ration have
knotty or lumpy intestines in proportion to the quan-
tity of corn fed. The lumps contain a piece of a
grain of corn bitten to a sharp edge by the sheep, and
he will find the corn in different stages of decay, de-
pending upon the time the pieces entered the intes-
tines, if he will cut into the lump My examinations
was made when 1 lost sheep about two months after
the commencement of feeding corn. If he will crush
his corn or change to some other feed his losses will
not be half. I found some of the lumps larger than
Mr. Waller represents. R. E. Miller.

Rappahannock Co., Va.

As the impression that the foregoing is a true ex-
planation of the cause of nodular disease of sheep
appears prevalent, we have published the same in or-
der to enable us to correct this false idea. Dr. Henry
Stewart one of the highest authorities on sheep in
this country, says: "The cause of this disease is a
round worm, and one entirely distinct from any other
known species. The male is about half an inch in
length, the female a little longer. The head of it is
bent into somewhat the form of a hook. In the sheep
the adult worms live in the large intestines; the
young ones are found in all parts of the bowels en-
cysted in small tumors at first no larger than the head
of a pin filled with a sort of cheesy matter. How
the parasite enters the sheep there has been no satis-
factory information pained so far. The nodular
swellings or tumors are found on the inner walls of
the intestines. * * * The tumors increase in
the worm within grows. In time the worms
escape and remain loose in the intestines, there be-
coming full grown and reproducing their kind." The

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

669

grain food fed to the sheep has nothing whatever to
do with the formation of these knots or nodules in the
intestines. It is believed by many that the worm
passes part of its life in the ground, and that the
sheep get them by grazing on eld pastures infested
with the worms or the embryo from which the worm
comes. One thing is certain that if sheep are clear
of the disease and fed on new pastures or on annual
grown pastures like grain pastures or rape they never
or rarely develop the disease whatever grain be fed
them, — Ed.

SOME EXPERIENCE IN BUYING AND SELLING
CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

We often rend articles as how to fatten cattle, but
I have not road one on how to sell cattle. I think it
n truthfully stated that wben a crop is grown
only half the important work has been done — the
other half being to market it to best advantage. But
before one can have cattle to sell they must either be
grown or purchased — usually the latter. My recent
experience along this line may offer some suggestions
to the average farmer.

Unless good, growthy steers are purchased a large
part of the farmer's feed will be wasted. Even after
indifferent steers are finished for the market their
sale is usually slow and the price received for them
is often low — too low for much profit. What con-
stitutes a good steer for the farmer to finish for the
market ? There is considerable literature published
on this subject by the United States Department of
Agriculture and the Experiment Stations, but the
per cent, of farmers who use this knowledge seems
very small. Without attempting to be tedious and
lengthy, I may state that a profitable steer is one of a
good color, usually wilhout any indications of Jersey
blood, broad across the loins, straight on the back,
large around the chest, wide between the front legs,
and with the flesh coming well down on the "hind
quarters." Before one attempts to buy he should
know definitely what he wants, and be familiar with
the market prices of the grade of cattle he wants.
All of the stockers should be of nice, even grade.

It is very important to know where to buy. Some
cattle breeders have gone from this section into the
great cattle markets of the North and West for their
"stockers" this fall. What will be the result of these
purchases will not be definitelv known till these cat-
tle are ready for the market and resold.

I have fo\md this year a difference of a quarter of

a cent per pound in the selling price of the same
grade of cattle owned by farmers only ten miles apart.
This fact was largely due to a difference in the ability
of farmers to sell their cattle. Hence those who want
to buy should get prices on different herds of cattle
that are for sale.

Many of the cattle that are fattened here in the
Southwest are sold to men who make it a business to
buy and ship to Northern markets. Hence it is very
necessary for the farmer to keep posted on the cattle
markets of the North and West to sell to best advan-
tage. Without such knowledge, I have known farm-
ers to lose five and ten dollars on each steer this fall.
Stock raisers who made most money in this section
during the past two years appear to be those who have
sold very early in the season.

This makes it very important for the farmer to
commence advertising his cattle several months be-
fore they are ready for sale, so that the different buy-
ers will know of the cattle and come to look at them.
Mam- lambs in this section have been sold now to
'oc delivered next June and July. This gives the
farmer a definite proposition to work on. If we
could always have such definite propositions for cat-
tle offered us so long in advance it would be much
better for the farmer. But the cattle market is not
near so certain as the sheep market, hence this very
uncertainty makes it still more important that the
farmer should be well posted.

When the buyer comes the cattle that are for sale
(no others with them") should be driven up to some
nice, quiet place, where ample time can he given to
"sizing them up." The farmer should see cattle
weighed often so that he may become a good judge
of the weight of cattle before they go on the scales.
Sometimes he has a good proposition offered him to
sell or buy "on foot."

The cattle business is a business within itself. It
requires close study and expert knowledge to make a
success. It is an attractive business and one that
usually pays well for intelligent care in management.

R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Va.

MULES.

Editor Southern Planter:

Would it not pay our farmers to raise mules?
They are raised at less cost than horses, and unless a
horse is pretty well bred, you cannot get much for
him at three years old. Almost any common mare
will bring a good mule, and at three years old you

670

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

can get from $100 to $200 for it. A mule colt will
live and thrive on coarser food than a horse, and will
stand more cold weather than the horse colt. There
used to be a good many mules raised in Virginia, and
they were good, tough, strong animals, more durable
than the Western mules. I knew a farmer who kept
five mares to work on his farm, and bred them every
year, and after three years he had five mules to sell
every year, for which he got from ninety to one hun-
dred dollars, which was a great help. You cannot do
as well with cattle at the same age, and they eat more
iu the same time. Try it, friends, and see if I am
not right. F. Guy.

Henrico Co., Ta.

his yearling flock. I did not purchase anything but
the best Most of the ewes brought over were in
lamb to the best rams in Dorset, and will lamb in
Xovember.

It is needless to say that I came back to my home
with a firmer faith in the breed. No sheep are more
profitable in England than the Dorsets, none are more
highly respected, none are handled in as large flocks,
none have a more certain future.

H. B. Aebuckle.

Maxwelton, IF. Ya.

IMPORTED DORSETS.

As was announced in the June number of the
Southekh Planter, I went over to England to make
an importation of Dorset sheep for certain members
of the Continental Dorset Club, who were desirous of
introducing new blood in their flecks and at the same
time improving the type of their breeding stock. I
will have something later to say to your readers about
the wonderful flocks in Dorset, England, and their
2 ■ -merit, but I just wish to announce that I have
landed with this importation. T brought sheep for
Tranquility Farms, X. J. ; J. B. Henderson, Penn-
sylvania : M. A. Thompson, Indiana : L. N. Yande-
venter, Illinois: V. H. Phellis, Ohio; F. K Cross-
man. Illinois: and for the Edgewood Stock Farm.
WY-i Virginia. This is a good representation of
The sheep I brought have been pronounced
the best stock sheep ever brought over. I designed
especially to bring sheep of strong bone and constitu-
o >od size and good fleece. Fifteen of these
ewes were brought to the Edgewood Farm. These
were all yearling ewes. Notwithstanding all the
hardships of the trip and the long test of six weeks
on dry food, these fifteen ewes average 160 pounds in
weight One of them weighed 176 pounds. This
demonstrates the fact that I secured the size. This
country does not grow such yearlings, for it is to be
remembered that these sheep are all in stock condi-
tion. I think in flesh the ewes brought to Edgewood
Farm will weigh 200 pounds. I sent to Mr. Cross-
man ewes that will weigh 225 pounds in strong flesh.

These sheep were in a sense the pick of the Eng-
lish flocks. Mr. W. Pi. Flower, in my judgment, has
the best flock of Dorsets in the world. Through his
kindness and his interest in the Dorset breed in
America, I was permitted to select the very best of

FEEDING HOGS THIS FALL

The crop reports and market quotations indicate a
high price for new coin. These things are already
having an influence with feeders. Farmers are
doubtful whether it will pay better to sell the corn
or feed it. There is a large class of corn growers
that does not grow a sufficient number of hogs to con-
sume the crop and expect to buy the hogs to consume
it if market conditions are favorable, otherwise sell
it. This class of men will go slow this year about
purchasing hogs.

The supply of hogs seems to be abundant, espe-
cially of the late spring farrowing, but there is no
rush to buy them for the feed lots. There is a feel-
ing on the part of some that it will pay better to sell
their hogs as stockers and then market the corn. If
this feeling becomes a ruling one thev will doubtless
sell their hogs at a sacrifice to the men that are a
little more far-sighted than they are, have a little
different judgment and in the case of hog feeding
make money by doino- differentlv from the majority.

It shows wisdom on the part of the farmer who
grows his grain and hogs and uses the grain fattening
them to continue "in the even tenor of his way," re-
gardless of the changeableness of others who try to
catch the high price of pork by making it when they
think the price is sure to rule high, or by selling the
corn when they think it will bring more money than
it will if put into pork. The men who always try to
catch the sure thine: this way usually make a mistake
in their calculations. But the farmer who grows his
corn and hogs and fattens his hogs before selling
them, and sells at the most profitable weight, aiming
always to make the finished product as cheap as pos-
sible, will — in the main — secure a profit". Barring
losses by cholera this man has as sure a profit as is
secured along any line of stock growing. — John M.
Jameson, in National Stockman.

In writing to advertisers, be kind enough to
say you saw their ad. in The Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

671

The Poultry Yard.

PREPARING FOR WINTER.

It is time now to make preparations for winter.
Cull out all the old hens that are past their best and
send them to market before they drop into the moult.
These hens are great sources of loss if kept during
the winter. After commencing to moult they will
lay no more eggs, and as they will not get through
the moult before the cold weather sets in, they rarely
commence to lay before late in the spring, when the
price of eggs begins to fall. All this time they are
consumers and not producers. The year old hens,
which proved themselves good layers last winter
should be pushed through the mcult as fast as possi-
ble by feeding them some oil meal in their food, so
that they may begin to lay again before the winter
fairly sets in. If once they get started before severe
cold weather, and they are then kept warm and fed
a proper ration of mixed hard and soft food, with
plenty of green food, and some meat and green bones
two or three times a week, they can usually be kept
laying through the winter. Though they may not
lay as well as pullets, yet when eggs are high three
or four eggs per hen per week will make them pay
for their keep during the winter, and in the early
spring they will lay equally well with the pullets.
Cull out all the young roosters except those intended
to 1 ie kept for breeding piirposes and send them to the
market. They will sell for as much now as at any
time, and the cost of keeping them will be saved.
The young pullets should be pushed to maturity. The
early hatched ones should commence to lay this
month or in November. It is not desirable that they
should commence too soon or they may stop on the
commencement of winter and fail to begin again
until spring. See to it that the houses are all clean-
ed out and thoroughly repaired, so that the hens may
have a warm, clean house during the winter. Lay in
supplies of clover hay and seed vetches and crimson
clover, oats and rye for winter pasture.

KILLING LICE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I wish to say to the readers of the Southern
Planter that it is positively unnecessary to use a
poisonous ointment, as advised in the Halsted treat-
ment, to destroy the large head louse found on young
chicks.

We always have them on chicks hatched by hens,

and we never have a case of gapes. When the chicks
are taken from the nest we anoint the head and throat
with oil (cotton seed or olive), in which two or three
drops of kerosene have been mixed. We then hold
up the hen and spray her with kerosene with an ato-
mizer. That ends all trouble for a while.

At intervals of two or three weeks, after the hen
and chicks are quietly settled for the night, the ato-
mizer is again brought into play, and the coop filled
with a mist of kerosene. Our hen houses and roosts
are sprayed with kerosene as needed, and the hens
are given the same dose as the chickens, at frequent
intervals. We have never seen any injurious effects
yet from thus using kerosene.

If the Halsted theory is correct, why do not hens
have the gapes ? The louse's method of obtaining
moisture and propagating its species would be the
same. The head louse is the one most troublesome
bere. The mite we do not have, the body louse the
dust bath holds in check. G. E. Wells.

Moore Co., N. C.

THE POULTRY CROP OF 1904.

Turkeys. — The crop of turkeys is estimated to be
about 15 per cent, heavier than last year. Our re-
ports in most instances claim large increases in the
flocks of turkeys, but some points which raised a
good many turkeys last year, report a material shrink-
age this year. On the whole, however, we look for
more turkeys to come to market during the winter.
The season is unusually late, and where in other sea-
sons a good many turkeys have been shipped in up to
this time, so far this year but few turkeys have been
received. Then, too, farmers are being blessed with
good crops, and in no need for immediate money,
can afford to allow their turkeys to run until fall.

Chickens. — The reports generally indicate a very
material increase in the crop of chickens, and it is
fair to state that the crop at least is about 20 per cent,
larger than last year. The weather conditions were
generally favorable. Earmers being in good condi-
tion financially, and receiving good prices for their
eggs, have perhaps not marketed their stock as early,
nor as freely as usual, and indications are that there
is a large quantity to come forward.

Ducks. — Everything points to a large crop of ducks
— such at least are the conclusions derived from the
reports received. The indications are for an increase
of about 10 per cent, over last year. Late prices
have been more encouraging to farmers to raise ducks.

672

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

se. — The crop of geese is estimated to be about
the same as last year, possibly 10 per cent. less. Of
late the raising of areese has fallen off considerably,
with perhaps the largest shrinkage in Illinois, where
the enactment of a law prohibiting geese from run-
ning at large has made a very marked difference in
the number of geese raised.

Sprague CoM>nssiox Co.
Chicago. 111.

SELECTION OF SHIPPING EGGS.
The

great value. It ; dean case; and I

---. Put all white eggs in a case by themselves.
and the dark or brown shelled eggs bv themselves.
1 gh of these to divide into sepa-

rate cases, it might be well for two or three to join in
their shipments and divide the proceeds. In addi-
keep for home use all the quite small,
badly-shaped, badly-colored or rough shelled eses.
They will do quite as well for home consumption as

ers. If those of poor quality are mixed in
with tl - cut down or reduce the value of

the whole -hipment. If your eges are sent to market
quality and grading, you will
have full value for them. If. however, they are a
mixed lot, you will only _ ' --e for that qualitv.

There are imported into Great Britain about thirty
million dollars3 worth of egsrs each vear. Of these

:ie million dollars' worth go from this country.

that go from II - 20c a

dozen, while the better grad.
30c nearby far:

■ better. In Ireland they buy and sell
by the dozen and weigh the purchase, paying more
: heavier than for the light weight eecs. The

practice of weighing eg?- in the es
limited decree in the Xew York market. High
quality eggs of the heavier weight are much -
after ty -ade in the city. If those who seek

to giin the best prices for poultry and egg-s would
learn all the-e condition-, and endeavor to meet all
these demands, they would benefit thereby. — Country
Gentleman.

FEEDING TURKEYS FOR MARKET.
A- - on as the weather begins to turn cold and in-
sect food becomes - an increased grain diet
must be provided for the growing turkeys. A ration
of wheat and corn is the best. Do not feed them too
much at first, but gradually increase the supplv until
they are having all they will eat.

■ who succeed best in having the turkeys readv
and in fine condition for the early market are those
who allow them their freedom and feed them all thev

will eat of wholesome fattening grain. Even when
finishing them, it is not well to confine them. If
they are fed each dav at regular hours and at the
same place, it will be an easy matter to have them
come three times a day to this place to be fed. Their
longing for food being fullv supplied, less violent
will be taken, and the energy that would be
expended in their wanderings in search of food will
be directed in the more profitable channel of growing
and developing for market. Turkeys that are poorly
fed during the fall expend in seeking food that is no
longer attainable considerable of the flesh they may
have gained.

When feeding turkeys for market it must be re-
membered that they will sell for considerably more
per pound than can be obtained i _ cattle,

while the actual food cost per pound of turkey meat
is but little if any more thai r cattle. It

will always pay well to give to growing turkeys all
the grain they can eat. — National Stockman.

SEASON NOTES.

The cheapest winter e2<rs are always produced by
matured pullets. If winter eggs are sought, every
- ould be made to stock the laying houses with
them.

The past season, however, has been one of the most
unfavorable for rai-i _ g chickens. The

rcitv of broilers, and that means
that pullets are also scarce and slow maturing.

Since this is true, prices are likely to rule verv
gain this winter ttnle^ it should be mild
enough to tempt the hens to do l%etter than usual.
Either way it is probable that it will pav to keep
over the best of the old hens another year. If they
have not been abnsed and burned out with stimu-
"prodncera" hens will lav very well in
their third and even fourth year-.

The surplus cockerel- should always be sold for
broilers when they reach a weight of two pounds un-
less the price is very low. It seldom pays to keep
ihem until full grown. There is no more profit in
selling a five pound cockerel at eight cents a pound
during the holidays than there is in selling him for
25 cenr- • a as he reaches a weight of two or two
mid a half pounds.

At this season most flecks of young chickens con-
tain a few half-grown, featherless specimens, which
should be got rid ,i- possible. They are

runts, low in vitality and breeding, and should not
be kept in the flock permanently. They can be
quioklv hroughr up to market =ize by liberal feeding
with meat. It is probable that a lack of animal food
has much to do with their condition — when it is not
caused by overcrowding. — Homer W. Jackson, in
Stockman.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

673

The Horse.

NOTES.

President J. T. Anderson, Vice-President Harry
C. Beattie, Secretary W. O. Warthen, and Manager
C. W. Smith, of the Richmond Horse Show Associa-
tion, are in high feather over the exceedingly bright
prospect ahead for the fourth annual exhibition to be
held here on the 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st. and 22d of
October. The entry list closed on the first of the
fcurath, and a grander lot of horses than those entered
in the different classes has yet to be paraded on the
lan bark in all this Southern country of ours. The
stable- of harness horses owned bj Mrs. John Gerken.
Mrs. J. M. B. Grosvenor and prominent and widely
known Northern exhibitors will be here, while the
parade of hunters and jumpers will present an array
simply dazzling to look upon. This latter seems fit-
ting, too, seeing that Virginia is the great Southern
stamping ground for the leapers and cross country
performers; in that respect ranking with Canada as
the producer of a greater number of these horses,
which are now so popular, than any other section of
Am erica. The Horse Show is an educator whose in-
fluence has been of untold benefit, and the generous
patronage accorded the Virginia Circuit this season
Blows that the fad is now in the height of popularity.
Since its inception the Richmond Horse Show has
been well received, and the forthcoming affair will
furnish a carnival of sport and richness of scene
rarely witnessed.

j* Jt j»

E. B. White, of the Selma Stock Farm. Leesburg,
Va., who is a well known breeder of draught horses.
has added to his already fine collection of Percherons
by purchase at the World's Fair Horse Show, the
prize winning fillies Zaza and Faurette, who are both
four years old. Zaza defeated Castile in her class at
the World's Fair. She is a granddaughter of the
noted Brilliant, and has a foal at her side by imp.
Casino. Faurette is a half sister to Zaza, and both
were winners at the Kansas and Missouri State Fairs.
Among other high class animals owned at Selma
Farm are imp. Torpilleur and the mares Capuchine
and Favorite.

J* J* J*

Harry ( '. Beattie, Vice-President of the Richmond
Horse Show Association, M. F. H. of the Deep Run
Hunt ('lull, and patron of outdoor sports, is a busy
man these tine autumn days at Bloomingdale Stock
Farm, where he lias a -table of hunters, jumpers ami
steeplechasers. "Mr. Beattie schools the horses him-
self and prize winners of real class have been de-
veloped by his clever hand. He has now about a
dozen head in Ins stable. Among the lot is Elevator
and thi' big gray son of Eleve and Kitzy was never in
better shape. Pablo, a chestnut gelding, 7, by Abd

El Kader, Jr., is developing into a fine heavy weight
hunter, and he is well thought of. Carnation, a
chestnut filly, 0, is by Rever, the sire of that good
high jumper. Buck, a winner at the big shows and
owned by Mrs. A. E. Deitrick, of New York. The
thoroughbred division of the stable includes Deep
Run, the bay gelding, by Kasson, dam Faustina, by
Eolus and Southanna, 5j.the chestnut mare by Blit-
zen, dam Gloriana, by Bend Or. The latter has
3peed and can run like a streak, and if she keeps
right will probably he taken to the Washington meet-
ing this fall.

..« Jt jl

Through an advertisement in the Planter, which
brought quite a number of responses from various
States, I have sold to Dr. E. P. Turner. Fergusson's
Wharf, Va., the well bred trotting mare, Alice In-
gram, T, a bay, by Norfolk, dam Frosty May, dam of
Halo, 2 :14f, etc., by Joe Downing, second dam Lady
Tennis, dam of Rinaldo, 2:27. With very little
handling this mare has trotted trials close to 2 :30.
Both her first and second dams are great brood mares,
and she is herself in foal to Kelly. 2:27, son of
Electioneer and the famous producer Esther, hence
the prospective produce will carry an inheritance of
the richest blood to be found in the trotting register.
v* ^ „«

I am in receipt of a communication from D. C.
Lester, of the Mountaindale Stock Farm, Hatfield,
Ark., stating that the brown colt Featherbone, by
Whalebone. 7872, dam Alcyrene, 2:27?. by Alcyone,
2:27. owned by him, was a blue ribbon winner over
r big held of two vear old stallions at the county fair
there recently. This is pleasing to me, as I bred the
eolr ami sold him to Mr. Lester through an adver-
tisement in the Planter. Featherbone now weighs
900 pounds, and is growing- fast, while critics pro-
nounce him very handsome and of splendid form.
This colt will be kept entire by Mr. Lester, who will
have his speed developed, and then use him as a stock
horse at Mountaindale Farm. Broad Rock.

Meyer & Jehne, of Farmville, Va., report the sale
of their great gray Percherpn stallion, Dom Pedro,
No. 15558, recently brought in from the West to
Messrs. Hicks i- Hopkins, of Mathews and Gloucester
counties, Va. Dom Pedro is a fine draft horse, and
a fine representative of a prize winning family. He
has besides a fine head and neck, a square body, with
four corners, and, as says a veteran horseman, under
each corner a leg to fit the body. Dom has a host of
fine colts in the West, and we hope he will, under the
wise management of his new owners, hav. the same
en the seacoast. We are sure aft' irs we

will find some stylish dappled gray draft mares in
that neighborhood.

674

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

Miscellaneous.

SEED SELLING.

The Grain Dealers National Association send us
the following resolutions passed at the annual meet-
ing for publication :

Whereas seed houses do a large business in the
sale of seed grains, and thereby may materially af-
fect the general character of the crops of grain thus
produced, either for better or worse; and

Whereas it is known that seed thus sold by seed
- - does not always possess the merit of type and
breeding sufficient to meet the expectations of the
purchaser; and, in fact, often does not tend to raise
the standard of the general crops produced. Eor ex-
ample, it has been too common a practice for seeds-
men to purchase ordinary corn from farmers' cribs
and sell the same under special brands, when, in fact,

it ] 1 no special merit whateyer with respect

to type and breeding, and the same is true in regard
to other grains : therefore,

11 solved, That the Grain Dealers' National Asso-
ciation, now in conyention assembled in Milwaukee,
this 23d day of June. 190-i, does hereby urgently re-
quest all firms engaged in the selling of seed grain to
adopt a line of business policy that will result in
giving more attention to the questions of type and
breeding and adaptability, and thereby assist in im-
proving the quality and yield of grains ; also

Re-olyed, That the secretary be instructed to send
a copy of this resolution to all the principal firms

- _ 1 in the business of selling seed grains in the
grain producing States, and also to all the leading
agricultural papers of the country.

At the same time we receiyed this resolution we
receiyed the following letter from one of our sub-
scribers:

Last fall I bought from a leading firm of seed
dealers in the South two and one-half bushels of seed
wheat, Currell'a Prolific, with the intention of get-
ting a start of good, clean, pure wheat. I paid con-
siderably more than T had to pay for the seed wheat
I bought at home, but did it willingly, as I wanted
improved wheat. This summer I reaped three dif-
ferent kinds of wheat from the field in which this
was sown — two kinds of smooth wheat and a bearded
yariety — the latter comprising fully 20 per cent, of
the entire crop.

This spring, being anxious to get the best seed
corn possible, I ordered from a leading seed house in
the North one-half a bushel each of two varieties,
paying at the rate of $2 per bushel, plus freight. In
the first place, I did not get the kind of seed I or-
dered, and was not notified of the substitution until
after I had planted. In the second place, not over

nO per cent, of the grains germinated in the tests
made, and I only succeeded in getting barely half a
stand, although I almost sowed the corn. I wrote
the house concerning the seed, but my letter was
ignored.

Now. what is the farmer to do who desires to im-
proye his crops, raise the standard of his seeds, and
by so doing improye his general condition. He natu-
rally hates to pay two or three prices for something
that on paper i- O. K.. but in reality is not so good as
he already has.

I bought some seed corn from Mr. J. M. Ray, of
this county, and the best farmer in the township.
This was selected from the crib, and gaye by test a
germinating percentage of about 97. and from this
I secured an almost perfect stand, dropping one or
two grains to the hill.

Question : Is ir better to pay 82 to the seedsman
for corn that will not germinate over 50 per cent., or
pay Toe. to your neighbor for corn that will almost,
if not quite, double that record ?

We may say that this letter is only one of many
similar complaints which we haye receiyed and we
think that such complaints fully warrant the action
taken by the Grain Dealers' Association may call for
even some more drastic resolution and action by the
Grain and Seed Dealers' Association. Whilst we
fully realize that it is impossible for seedsmen to
guarantee the germination of seeds sold, as so much
depends on the manner in which the soil is prepared
and on the weather, yet we do think that there can be
no excuse for selling seed of one variety which pro-
duces another. Seedsmen, of course, cannot them-
-elyes produce all the seed they sell themselyes. but
they are under heayy obligations to see that those who
grow seed for them do ?.;, under such conditions as
will warrant them in selling the seed as the yariety
called for. Inspection of the growing crops ought to
be the rule before buying, as only when growing can
the different yarieties of many seeds be certainly es-
tablished. When a man btiys a certain yariety of
seed he is entitled to haye it, and has ground of ac-
tion if disappointed.

FARMERS' INSTITUTE AT ROANOKE, VA.

Under the auspices of the Agricultural and Indus-
trial Department of the Norfolk and Western Rail-
road, with the financial assistance of the State Board
oi Agriculture, a successful Farmers' Institute was
held in Roanoke, on the 30th of August and follow-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

675

ing day. The Virginia Polytechnic Institute and
Experiment Station furnished a number of speakers,
foremost amongst these being Prof. A. M. Soule, the
new Director of the Experiment Station, who, in
Tennessee whilst Professor of Agriculture, made the
Farmers' Institutes of that State a power for good in
the State. He had the help of Professors Saunders,
Davidson, Price, Watson and Ferneyhough. Mr.
Ballard Huff, of Roanoke, presided over the meeting.
There was a very fair attendance of farmers from the
surrounding counties, and before the close of the
meeting these men became so enthused at the pros-
pect of good to be derived from a continuous series of
Institutes to be held in different counties that they
resolved that an organization should be created to
carry on the work. Of this organization the Hon.
J. Hoge Tyler, late Governor of the State, was made
president, with Messrs. T. 0. Sandy, of Burkeville,
as first vice-president ; Major J. T. Cowan, second
vice-president, and Prof. Soule, secretary.

Prof. Soule spoke on the question of the Improve-
ment of Seed Grain, and made a most interesting
talk, securing the ear and attention of the audience
and placing himself at once in the good graces of the
farmers of that section, as we know he will do wher-
ever he speaks in the State. Prof. Saunders spoke
on Dairying, and made an exhibit of modern dairy
appliances and explained their working. Prof. Da-
vidson spoke on Commercial Fertilizers, and Prof.
Ferneyhough on the Diseases of Farm Stock. Later
in the day Prof. Soule again spoke on the subject of
Agricultural Education, illustrating his remarks by
stereopticon views thrown on a large screen. Prof.
Price spoke on Fruit Diseases. All the addresses
received marked attention, and cannot fail to be pro-
ductive of good results. The Agricultural and In-
dustrial Department of the railroad is deserving of
the thanks of the farmers for the effort it is making
to arouse attention to the importance of Agricultural
Education in the State and the development of the
lands and their occupation by new comers from the
North and West and abroad.

THE MOVEMENT FROM COUNTRY TO CITY.

Editor Southern Planter:

That the cities of the country are increasing faster
in population than the rural districts is a fact well
known to all. Another fact is apparent to those who
are careful observers of the trend of things in the
South.

It is not only the young man of the South, who is

crowding in to the cities, but it is also the laborer.
The colored man is steadily leaving the farm, and
seeking employment in the cities, on the railways
and in the numerous industrial enterprises springing
up on all sides.

The labor question is becoming a serious one for
the South to carefully, thoughtfully and seriously
consider. The young men, from the rural districts
are steadily moving cityward. The middle-aged men
are also going the same way in a steady stream, large
enough to have an appreciable effect disastrously at
both ends the line. It is disastrous to the city, be-
cause it disarranges the law of supply and demand,
and lowers wages, and still a large percentage of work-
ers are out of employment.

It disarranges the labor question in the country,
and makes the already inadequate supply of laborers
still smaller.

The stream of colored laborers also flows from the
country to the business centres, because it is very
natural that the darkey should like to work in squads
or gangs, on the railways, or in any of the industrial
plants employing colored laborers.

This movement from country to city, is already
keenly felt by many sections of the South. It is
hard to find and apply a remedy for this condition of
things. Immigration seems to be about the only way
to readjust matters and save the State from going
backward in her agricultural development.

The larger estates, where 20 to 100 laborers are re-
quired, may be cut up into smaller holdings and sold
to thrifty people from other portions of the United
States, who, in addition to the fact that they are good
workers themselves, will also keep more or less stock
of all kinds on the farms, thus insuring more perma-
nent pastures and meadows and less acres in hand
cultivated crops.

The South is emphatically a section of country
away behind in the use of improved machinery. The
cheap hand labor, hertofore plentiful, and seemingly
almost inexhaustible, in the light of the wonderful
industrial development of the South, is found to be
insufficient to take care of the farming interests, and
at the same time furnish the labor required for all
the many industries of the New South.

Thousands of colored hands are also yearly mi-
grating to all parts of the East, West and North.
The South is up against a "condition" surely in re-
gard to labor.

We hope very soon to see the tide turning from
city to country, for surely the country offers far more
to the poor man than the city does.

It is possible that some may think that the wages
paid on the Southern farms are not high enough to
hold the colored laborers steady on the farm.

In reply to that suggestion, I beg to say : The col-
ered man is satisfied to work for small wages, pro-

676

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

vided he can manage to get something to eat, drink
and wear for the time being. He is a very improvi-
dent laborer, very much like the cricket, and if his
wages be doubled, he would be more than likely to
work half the time. If the wages will support him,
if he works half the time, "why should he work the
other half."

TTia idea is to have a good time. He takes no
anxious thought for the morrow. He has no inten-
tion of preparing for winter or for the "rainy day."
Therefore increased wages will not keep the colored
laborers on the farms.

He likes to work in "blocks of five" or twenty-five
or more rather than to hoe corn or drive the mule in
the cornfields by himself. The greatest need of the
South to-day, therefore, is immigration. Thrifty, in-
telligent, hard-working farmers, who are experts in
handling improved farm machinery, and who know
all about raising farm stock, and all about growing
the regular farm crops, are needed in the South, to
take the places and the farms of those who make the
mistake of their lives by leaving the farm for the
city.

Smaller acreages of hand cultivated crops should
nn, and more stock and stock crops kept and
rai ed upon the farm. Use more horse power, better
implements and better methods. Less acres in cot-
ton, peanuts, tobacco and vegetables and more acres
in pasture, meadow and cornfield. More grass, more
grain, more green crops, both to feed and to plow
under.

How utterly foolish it is for the poor man to leave
his farm in the country, where by good management
he can make a living and enjoy more liberty, take
more comfort, have better health, and be far more
independent, than he can possibly be in the noisy,
wicked city. A country home is much nearer heaven
than is the city home. It gives much more health,
much more happiness, much more liberty, and is
really much more to be desired than the homes oir
fered by our modern Sodoms.

Stick to the country home. A. Jbffebs.

Norfolk, Va.

AN IMMIGRANT'S ADVICE TO VIRGINIA FARMERS.
Editor Southern Planter:

Permit me a little space on the topic of farming as
a business in Virginia. Your correspondent, "N.,"
on (his topic reminds me of the story of a dog going
across a creek on a plank with a piece of meat in his
mouth, seeing his shadow in the clear water and
jumping after it, as he thought, it was another dog
below him, who had a piece of meat, of which he

would like to get a bite, but failed and lost his own
piece.

Now, can I induce any Western or Northern
farmer to come to Virginia and start farming and
spend $25 to $50 dollars or more per acre, besides
two or three years' time or more to make a farm,
where there is only a place for one ? I hardly think
so, because for that amount he can buy out there,
where he can make money from the very beginning
and have a nice home in one of the best sections of
the United States. I think the way "N" writes he
must have Uncle Sam's mint to fall back on. Some-
thing is wrong, but what? The United States De-
partment of Agriculture says our soil contains enough
phosphate and potash, but it lacks one thing, humus.
Thorough tillage and manure will make the minerals
available for the plants. Manure makes life in the
ground, encourages microbes. Manure is what all
Virginia needs, and plenty of it. Manure is the
foundation for sound and successful farming. There
is an old saying in my native country of Switzerland:
"The farmer who cannot lick the manure wagon with
his tongue, after hauling manure on it, is no farm-
er!" It sounds very tough, but a farmer who is not
proud "f his manure pile is no farmer. What I see
when I look around me is that the farmer is getting
poorer every year, and the fertilizer manufacturer
getting richer. Virginia is a grand old State, but it
lacks 50,000 manure farmers like we have in Switzer-
land and Germany. I would make right here one
suggestion. On the first page of your valuable paper
print :

"Beware of fertilizer ; keep stock ; make manure,
manure, manure!"

Fertilizer is what kills the State, and every
farmer who wants to prosper should keep
his hands away from it. Of course, the tobacco
growers and truckers need a little more help of some
kind, but if they manage right, they need very little
fertilizer. "N" says he tried to keep stock, but ad-
vises not to waste time with it. I think if "N" was
a 1 letter manager he could make money on his farm
and improve it at the same time without spending
$25 to $50 or more an acre. Supposing he has 100
acres of land. He could easily pasture 10 to 15
cows for eight months of the year, keep them in at
night to make manure. From the milk of these cows
he could make cheese or butter, and raise hogs on the
whey or skimmed milk. I am sure he would have at
least $500 in his pocket at the year's end and ten
acres of good land, well manured, that would bring
him better crops without a big fertilizer bill. This I

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

677

call business farming. That we can make cheese in
this State on old broom sedge fields I can prove, as I
am doing it right on my place. I commenced to
make Brick cheese this spring. I could not make it
any better in Wisconsin.

Now, Mr. Editor, I want "N" and all your esteem-
ed readers to turn away from this fertilizer farming.
It is of no account, as the whole State of Virginia is
a proof. liaise and keep more stock, make manure,
haul it out on your land. You will soon get better
crops, and consequently more money. Do not forget
the dairy business, and the whole State will march
on to the highest prosperity and will lead all other
States in the Union, as it used to do one hundred
years ago. Just think of our climate, water and
nearness to the best markets. Is it not worth trying ?
Keep stock, make manure and go at the same time
into the dairy business. August Bueegi.

Lunenburg Co., Va.

the building from basement to roof is adjusted and
planned as well as modern ideals in agricultural edu-
cation can devise. C. W. Burkett,

Professor of Agriculture.
Agricultural College, Raleigh, N. C.

NORTH CAROLINA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
BUILDING.

This building is to be 208 feet long, 74 feet wide,
and three stories in height. The building is to be of
gray pressed brick and covered with tile roofing. I
think I can say unhesitatingly that the building will
be one of the most complete agricultural buildings in
the country. It will far surpass anything in the
South, and it has been planned to meet the true wants
of agricultural education.

One-half of the first floor, which is combined with
the basement, will be devoted to dairying, which will
give 4,S00 square feet of flour space, which will be
devoted to butter making, cheese making and other
phases of dairying. The other half of the floor will
be devoted to live stock judging and farm butchering
rooms, for it is expected to teach to the students stock
judging, slaughtering of farm animals, cutting up of
meats and curing the same, the making of sausage,
and the handling of all meat products.

On the middle floor will be the class rooms and
offices of the department, and a laboratory for the
study of farm machinery, where machines will be
taken down and set up and the student given thor-
ough instruction in the handling of farm machinery.
On the same floor will also be a large laboratory for
the study of soils in all their phases, also the study of
agronomy and plant production.

The third floor will be devoted to botany, physio-
logy, zoology, bacteriology, and the veterinary
sciences. Each room and laboratory has been es-
pecially planned for its particular use, and I think

%

#

678

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

ALFALFA IN INDIANA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Do your readers raise alfalfa and good stock ? If
not, why not ? Alfalfa will grow if farmers will sow it
and treat it rightly in almost any part of the United
States. It grows in Canada even. Land is getting
so high in our country that we need to get more out
of it than most farmers do when they raise one crop
of corn per year, and have to constantly cultivate it
to keep the weeds from taking it. When farmers
find out the fact that alfalfa is "corn and hay" both
they will certainly lay aside their prejudice and raise
it ; cutting f our crops of nice hay per year and thus
keep the weeds from seeding. Some farmers here
say, that four hay cuttings are too many; that they
"do not like to cut hay all the time." It seems to
me it is about as pleasant, and fully as profitable, to
cut four crops of hay as it is to cut weeds, like the
most of them do, after a poor harvest of wheat. As
to the good stock proposition, it seems strange that so
many good business farmers continue to raise scrubs
when the good cattle will pay a profit instead of
bringing loss, as scrubs almost invariably do. Raise
alfalfa, blue grass and pure blood, or high grade cat-
tle and hogs on the same land, at the same time.
You can do it. Turn under a stiff blue grass sod,
sow alfalfa seed, and you will soon have alfalfa and
blue grass both on the same ground to keep your good
cattle and hogs. Our fourth crop of alfalfa hay this
year will soon be ready to c\it. I have 58 acres in
alfalfa, and part of it is eight years old and getting
better each year. It has made at least five tons per
acre at three cuttings this year, and will make an-
other ton at fourth cutting.

If it were not for alfalfa I could not keep 50 Here-
ford cattle and as many hogs, besides four horses and
some Shetland ponies on my 100 acres of land. I
am confident that 100 acres of alfalfa and blue grass,
mixed will support 100 head of full blood cattle and
as many hogs, if rightly managed. Eight years ago
farmers in my neighborhood said alfalfa will do no
good in this country. I tried it on one and one-half
acres. Eor fear it would fail, I sowed little red
clover with the alfalfa seed. I did not inoculate the
land. (Did not know how.) The alfalfa came up
well, but inside of a year much of it died. At the
end of second year it had a good color, but was thin.
The little red clover was all gone. I disked the al-
falfa thoroughly, both ways, and resowed it. The
old alfalfa plants grew so much that they smothered
out the young plants, and I lost my alfalfa seed. I
found out from this that disking is a good thing for
alfalfa, and I now disk early in spring, and after

each cutting, except the fourth. I have sowed al-
falfa from middle of April until the 24th of July,
and have never had a failure. Of late years I have
been inoculating my new fields with soil from the
eight year old patch, and I have a much better stand
than when I did not inoculate. Of course, alfalfa
will inoculate itself in two or three years, but much
of it will die before it does this. One hundred to
one hundred and fifty pounds of soil is sufficient to
inoculate an acre, and this costs only 75c. per 100
pounds f . o. b. So it does not pay to wait for alfalfa
to inoculate itself, and thus have a thin stand, but
many well-to-do farmers sow alfalfa without inocu-
lating it, and then say it won't grow in this country.
]\lany others say they would like to have alfalfa, but
ihey don't want to buy dirt to inoculate it with, etc.
Many are sowing it and buying "dirt" to inoculate it.
To-day we filled an order for three and one-half tons
of soil, to be shipped to one man at Waveland, Ind.
This man bought eleven bushels of alfalfa seed of
me on August 20th. to sow 45 acres of land in In-
diana, where many say alfalfa won't do, and he says
if he lives, he will sow 150 acres more next year.

This man says he has fed thousands of tons of al-
falfa in the West. That farmers are standing in
their own light by not raising it in Indiana. Alfalfa
hay is of much better quality here than in the West.
It is not so coarse here. He says he will sow blue
grass with his alfalfa, and he will graze cattle and
hogs through the summer and fall, and sell them at
the beginning of winter; thus he will not have to
feed grain and hay to keep his cattle warm in winter
I would like to follow his example, were I not in the
Recorded Hereford business, and I think it too much
bother to stock up with breeding stock each spring.
I mean to sell my calves each fall, however, and only
keep the cows through winter. The manure they
make, in a "covered barn-yard," helps to raise more
alfalfa and blue grass, and the Herefords will keep
fat enough for beef on this kind of hay, even in win-
ter in the shed on the south side of barn.

I had an order from Louisiana to-day for alfalfa
seed, and an inquiry from Iowa, while I have sent
soil in ton lots to Michigan, New York, and to Mary-
land. This shows that farmers are awaking to the
value of alfalfa. I wish to say that alfalfa will
orrow on any good corn soil, well drained. It will
grow on amost any soil, if you will drain it and ma-
nure lightly. Sow 15 to 20 pounds (the latter is
better) of nice seed per acre on finely prepared soil
^broadcast) and cover one and one-half to two inches
deep with a harrow or light cultivator.

If you sow in spring, sow about one bushel of oats

1004.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

679

or spring barley per acre, and mow early for hay
Don't let grain form, and thus rob the alfalfa of
moisture. If you sow later, sow in the corn, just
before the last plowing. If weather is dry after sow-
ing or after plants are up, foil to break the crust and
to keep the moisture. Even roll with short roller
between the corn rows. It will pay. Clip close to
ground every week to keep weeds down, after the hay
is taken off, until the later part of season, then stop
dipping and cut a fair crop of hay, say in Septem-
ber or October, or pasture with light stock.

Try alfalfa in a small way anyhow. Its roots will
go through almost anything except solid stone. They
have been found to penetrate the ground 129 feet in
Nevada.

Prof. Latta, of the Indiana Experiment Station,
Lafayette, Ind., says that alfalfa is 50 per cent, rich-
er than little red clover in protein or muscle-forming
elements. The Texas Experiment Station is credited
with the statement that five tons of alfalfa hay is
equal to nineteen tons of timothy hay in feeding
value. Jos. E. Wing, of Ohio, says that the lea,ves of
good alfalfa hay are worth as much as wheat bran,
pound for pound. If these authorities are right, and
if alfalfa will do as well for others as it has done for
me, for the last eight years, it is worthy of a fair
trial, at least, and it is claimed alfalfa will last from
15 years to 100 years from one seeding. In the
Southern States, no doubt, it will make from five to
seven cuttings. Alfalfa should be cut as soon as it
begins to bloom ; then it is not coarse, and stock will
eat the stems. It should be raked as soon as wilted
and left in windrow to cure or in small shocks. Thus
the leaves do not get sunburnt and do not crumble.
The leaves are the best part of the hay. Alfalfa
turns water well in shock or stack.

Boone Co.. hid. J. 1ST. Shirley.

WHY VIRGINIA LANDS ARE SO LOW.

Editor Southern Planter:

In reply to the question of your correspondent, C.
A. L., page 572, September Planter, "Why is land
so cheap," etc., I beg to offer my opinion.

First. There is an excess of acreage in proportion
to the number of farmers actually engaged in that
vocation, meaning thereby that they own more land
than they can cultivate or properly care for.

Second. That a great portion of the State was com-
posed of large estates of say 1,000 acres each and up-
wards prior to the Civil War.

Third. That the tenant system adopted since the
Civil War has a tendency to prevent subdivision of

these estates. That the tenant system, as a whole, is
against the agricultural development and improve-
ment of these lands. That the system under which
I hey are farmed is injurious to the land, consisting
largely in continuous cropping, shallow plowing and
poor cultivation.

Fourth. That by reason of the foregoing, there are
larger offerings of land on the market than there are
buyers for, and as in the marketing of any product,
a glut causes lower prices and shrinkage in value.
When these conditions shall have changed so that the
demand for Virginia lands will exceed the offerings,
you will no doubt see there will be a great advance
in land values. We have the soil, climate, shipping
facilities and markets. What is needed are smaller
areas in our farms, rotation of crops, deep plowing,
thorough cultivation, more stock, application of barn-
yard manure, and- less commercial fertilizer. Vir-
ginia is blessed with several different varieties of soil,
each of which are specially adapted to certain kinds
of crops. It is right here where the newcomer usu-
ally makes his great mistake. If he wants to make
grain crops and stock growing a specialty, instead of
selecting red loam or chocolate soils, with a strong
rod clay subsoil, he casts his fortune on some light
gray land tract, which is best fitted for trucking
crops, berries, etc. He seems to think it makes but
little difference what the soil is, so long as it is in
Virginia.

Until the incoming settler can be intelligently ad-
vised as to his selection, and the soils and locations
best adapted for his special purpose (and he should
have a defined purpose in view), just so surely will
many of them be disappointed, whereas the proper
location of such a settler, would have resulted in his
Buccess and contentment. I predict that only a few
years hence the conditions will have so changed that
the lands quoted to-day at $10 per acre will be selling
at $20 to $25, and that there is no more safe and
profitable investment than the purchase of carefully
selected Virginia lands at present prices, and their
subdivision into farms of one hundred to one hun-
dred and fifty acres, with a system of intelligent and
progressive agriculture established, and if on every
one of these farms a silo could be built and the stock
be carried to consume the products, how quickly
would Virginia farmers thrive and succeed. No-
where else, so far as I remember, will soils show more
quickly improvement or produce more abundantly
from the application of barn-yard manures than our
own Virginia lands. "Whitby" Stock Farm.

~SIeck\enburg Co., 'Fa.

680

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

A STATE ORGANIZATION OF FARMERS STARTED.
Editor Southern Planter:

It will be remembered by readers of the Planter
that I strongly advocated a State Farmers' organi-
zation in the August number. Now I am pleased to
Btate that just such an organization has been started.
Some time I expect to write up the good things the
Planter has advocated for the farmers which are
accomplished.

While a good Farmers' Institute was being held in
Roanoke City last September a strong State organi-
zatiou of farmers was advocated by Prof. A. M.
Soule and others. After some discussion it was de-
cided to start such an organization, and officers were
elected. Hon. J. Hoge Tyler, of Radford, was elect-
ed president ; vice-president, Mr. T. O. Sandy, Burke-
ville; second vice-president, Major John T. Cowan,
Cowan's Mills; secretary. Prof. A. M. Soule, Blacks-
burg ; assistant secretary, Mr. J. M. Williams, Roan-
oke.

The officers are good men, but the name might be
improved upon. We want to do something more
than institute things. We want to see some things
carried out that have been instituted. Let this or-
ganization grow and develop in influence all over the
State. May it grow so strong that no politician will
presume to cross its pathway. R. H. Price.

Montgomery Co., Ya.

CURE OF FISTULA IN HORSE.

Editor Southern Planter:

The following remedy cured two bad cases of
fistula, one of which was of nearly two years' stand-
ing : Wash twice a day with warm water and a good
soap (Castile preferred), using a syringe, if neces-
sary, then apply a lotion made of oil of cedar, three
ounces, chloroform, one ounce; using syringe if the
infected parts cannot be reached otherwise.

Bedford Co., Va. H. H.

MATERNAL LOVE IN CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

About 1857 my father owned a large barren cow
that whipped some of the oxen on the farm, and
every cow except her mother. Her mother was a
small, weak, timid old cow and afraid of nearly
every cow in the lot. When any of them would
fight her she would often run to her large, strong
daughter and fight her; yet the daughetr never re-
sented it. Since that time I have noticed to see if a
cow would whip her mother, but have never known
one to do so. A calf taken from its mother and
raised by hand perhaps would fight its mother, but

she will never do so if raised in the natural way. I
have seen cows after being separated a long time
fr< mi their calves seem to fail to recognize them ; but
I have never seen a calf fail to recognize its mother
after being raised by her. J. R. Redd.

King William Co., Va.

CONCRETE OR CEMENT BARN.

A. F. Durand, Illinois, writes:

"Will you please give me some information in re-
gard to building a cement or concrete barn? Can
you give any estimate of the cost of a barn 40x40,
with 26 inch sides ? Sand will cost $1.25 per load
of one and one-quarter cubic yards ; stone will cost $1.
How thick should the walls and ends be and how
can they be strengthened ? Do they use gas pipe in
the concrete to strengthen it? How can the plank
be held together until the concrete sets ? Can part of
it be built at a time or is it necessary to have planks
enough to reach the eaves ? Should there be an arch
built over large doors ?"

' A 12 inch wall about a barn 40x40 would contain
at a height of 26 feet 154 yards of concrete. A yard
of sand costing $1 and cement probably $2.50, the
concrete would cost about $4 put in the wall. This
is estimating that at the bottom of the wall a barrel
of cement was put with each yard of sand and gravel,
slightly less higher up. The walls then would cost
about $600, not figuring anything for cost of lumber
in building forms. However, floor joists can be used
to make forms of, and they may be simply of planks
laid opposite and bolted together, the bolts wrapped
with paper so they can be drawn and the wall laid up
as fast as the mud can be mixed, the lower forms be-
ing taken off and raised to the top as needed. As a
general thing after concrete sets for 24 to 48 hours it
is safe to take off the forms, though one must treat it
with care, as it is rotten stuff for some days.

A wall of 12 inch thickness at bottom, tapering to
8 inches at top, will be heavy enough. Strength may
be given it by laying in it No. 4 wires, tying it well
at the corners. There need be no arches at the doors
and windows. Where openings come use plenty of
wire and the concrete will stand up all right. The
building will be tied together at the mow floor, the
joists will knit it all together and I suggest that while
openings be left for them all at the time of erection,
they need not all be actually put in place, but one
should be put in at every 6 or 8 feet distance, and the j
ends firmly tied to the wall by means of transverse
bolts or spikes or dovetailed notches that the concrete
will hold. Cnce built the barn will endure for a long
time. — Joseph E. Wing, in Breeders Gazette.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

681

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMP'Y.

richmond, va.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,

Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING,
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to
subscribers in the United States and Canada
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and
the city of Richmond, 76c.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known,
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after they have
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
quiries will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk.
When made otherwise we cannot be respon-
sible.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription is paid.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at once.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Offlce to which your paper is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this is done

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.
RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office. Rtchmond.
Va.. as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Cotton Seed Meal 658

Storing Corn to Escape Weevil

Damage — Analysis of Soils 659

Sweet Potato Culture — Black Eye

Peas 659

Private Distillery — Planting Irish

Potatoes in Winter 660

Clover Hay for Poultry Keepers. . 661

Smoke House 661

Worms in Cabbage 661

Plant for Name 661

Bone Meal as a Permanent Im-
prover 661

Cow Failing to Breed 662

Peach Yellows 662

To Destroy Warts on Animals. . . . 662

Cotton for Seed 663

Bermuda Grass , 663

Corn — Annual Clover 663

Blue Thistle 663

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

To Advertisers.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of send-
ing in all advertisements and mat-
ter pertaining to advertising, by
the 25th of each month. If it can
be sent before that date, so much
the better for both of us. There
is not a month that passes that we
do not leave out somebody's ad. be-
cause of it reaching us too late.

A Correction.

In our September issue we got
the electrotypes in the advertise-
ment and illustrated notice of the
Pittsburg Tubular Steel Wbiffle-
tree Co. mixed. The one which
appeared in the ad. should have
been in the notice, and vice versa.
We have straightened out the mat-
ter in this issue, and if you will
refer to the ad. on another page,
you will see that the plow double-
tree harmonizes with the reading
matter. The goods made by the
above firm are immensely popular,
and farmers everywhere are using
them. Send for descriptive cir-
culars.

FONTAINE SAFETY TUGS.

We acknowledge receipt of a pair of
Fontaine Safety Tugs, which were sent
us by The Fontaine Co.. Christie, Va.
This useful device will be advertised
regularly in our columns- The advan-
tages in using these tugs are many.
They prevent the harness saddle from
hurting the horse's back. With an
ordinary tug the girth has to be drawn
tight to prevent wabbling of the shafts.
When a horse is travelling, the size of
his body often changes somewhat, es-
pecially when drinking, breathing hard
or going- down hill. The girth then
becomes very tight, and chances are
that it will break the very next time
he strikes a hill. The Fontaine Safety
Tug causes the girth to act as if it
were elastic — that is, they give and
take with each expansion and con-
traction of the body, though always
keeping the shafts rigid.

Look up the ad. and send to the com-
pany for pamphlet, giving full details,
etc.

r

If you want Clean Fields

and Clean Crops, Sow
Wood's Trade Mark

Clover and

Grass Seeds.

They are the best and cleanest
qualities that it is possible to pro-
cure— free from plantain, daisy,
wild carrot and other objectionable
weed seeds often found in ordi-
nary clover and grass seeds.

Wood's Seed Book for 1904

gives the most complete informa-
tion and up-to-date experience
about all Grasses and Clovers.
Mailed free on request. Write for
Seed Book, and special Price List
of Grass and Clover Seeds.

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen.

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by TJ. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment
Stations. This soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti-
cide. EO-lb. tegB,»2iO: 100-lb. kegs, S4.60: half barrel,
2701b.. Sjcperlb: barrel, 4251b., 3U-. Send for Booklet
JAKES GOOD, Original Mater. """"""'
989-41 2i. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

FRAZER

Axle Grease thBx0\v

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bis. any other brand,
Not affected by beat. *#-Get the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute,

(State Agricultural and Mechanical College)

AT BLACKSBURG, VA.
A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECH-
NOLOGY.
54 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops,
Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 400
acres. Steam heating and electric lights la
dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture,
Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri-
cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gen-
eral Science. Shorter courses in Practical
Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total
cost of session of nine months, including tui-
tion, and other fees, Board, Washing, Text-
Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc.,
$222. Cost to State students,J182. Session be-
gan September 21, 1904, Kor catalogue and
other information, apply to J. M. McBRYDE,
Ph. D., LL. D., President.

BANK OF RICHMOND,

Main and Tenth Streets.

CAPITAL AND PROFITS, - $1,134,938.14.

Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence Invited.
Three per cent, interest allowed in Savings Department,

Compounded semi-annually.

682

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

Union loch
Ponllry
Fencing

*H*2

As It Looks When Erected

Strongest and Best

By Every Test.

Has been fully tested by leading poultrymen.
All heights <t2 in. to 7 ft.) B«s ilnt n..;i, i,,r
email chicks. < iver l.ooii rods or this fence o*cl
'"' 1-nkew 1 1'oultry Farm. New Jersey. You

will be pleased with it.

Our Low Price will Surprise You.

We will ship from mills in Connecticut, 1111.
runs and ' 'uliloiiiia. noil guarantee prompt de-
livery. Catalogue of Farm and Poultry fenc-
ing Kent free.

Write Us What You Want.
Do It To-Day.

CASE BROTHERS,

1 6-22 Main St., Colchester, Conn.

WIRE • FENCE

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance anil durability, the Hard Steel can
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire
FENCES BND GATES

If your dealer does not have out
goods in stock you can buydlreci
at Manufacturers" Price. Writ*
for Catalogue and secure agency

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus, Ohio.

PAGE FENCE CHARACTERISTICS

Bead them on pages IS and 19 of onr free catalog.
Page Woven Wire Fence Co. Box 57 Adrian, Mich.

ggSTARM FENCE

:-f-Hr ml- PRICE AND QUALITY

WRITE US NOW.

•DOW WIRE WORKS- Louisville.Ky.

FENCE!;

STRCKGFS1
MADE. Butt
strong. Chicken
tight Sold to the Farmer at VYboleMl«
Prim. 9mllj rTamuiL»d. Catalog Ilw

COlLlDHPHINti KKNCK tO.

. u

WUehMUr. Indiana, *D. S. A.

W!

■ Btock fence 29o per rod.

W. H. MASON & CO., Box 80 Leesburg. Ohio.

FUMA

Grain Insects. "The
wheels of the gods grind
slow but exceedingly
small." So the weevil, but you can stop their

w^ " Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" .» d0!"8

EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Yan, N. Y.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
The International Power & Vehicle
Co. is offering its engines on another
page.

Mr. Jno. F. Lewis, of Lynwood Stock
Farm, is offering some splendid bar-
gains in Percherons and Shorthorns.
Look up his ad.

There are a number of valuable farm
lands being advertised in this number.
W. B. Mercier offers his splendid Mis-
sissippi ranch; James Holmes offers
Florida lands, as well as a nice Vir-
ginia place.

Col. S. Brown Allen, of Hill Top
Stock Farm, is closing out his herd of
Berkshires.

The Elkton Stock Farm offers a
splendid lot of Hereford cattle and
Berkshire hogs.

Breeders of White Leghorns will be
interested in the ad. of the Maxwelton
Poultry Yards.

Fertilizer chemicals can be had of
the Smith-Davis Co.. Wilmington, N. C.
Duntreath Stock Farm has an extra-
ordinary offering of Berkshires, which
includes its splendid herd boar, High-
clere Lustre Carlisle.

A well bred and well gaited saddle

horse is offered by Mr. Chas. B. Cooke.

The Stromberg-Carlsom Telephone

Manufacturing Co. has an interesting

announcement on another page.

The O. S. Kelly Co. is advertising
its well known feed grinders again
this season.

The Folding Sawing Machine Co.
starts the season's advertising with a
card in another column.

The W. Smith Grubber Co. is adver-
tising a splendid stump puller in this
issue.

Kendall's Spavin Cure, with which
numerous of our readers are familiar,
is advertised by its makers in another
column.

Chandlee & Chandlee, patent solici-
tors, resume their advertising in this
issue.

The Castalia. Herefords are attrac-
tively offered in half page ad. else-
where in this issue.

Some finely bred Jersey calves can
be had of Mr. David Roberts, Moores-
town, N. J.

Note this month's offering of Bilt-
more Farms.

A number of seasonable implements
are offered by the Norfolk Farm Sup-
ply Co. Look up the ad.

Case Bros, have an attractive card
on another page offering Union Poultry
Fence.

MAPLEMONT'S MONHLY MENTION-
INGS.
This is the title of a monthly paper
issued by the Maplemont Stock Farm,
Rutland, Vt. in the interest of dogs
and Scotch Collies in particular. This
firm has advertised with us for a num-
ber of years and many of our readers
are doubtless familiar with the class
of stock they breed. It will probably
be interesting to you to see a copy of
their pamphlet.

—A

jpP

Satisfy Yourself

by trial at home (nothing to pay if it fails) that you
c:in t'rindear and shelled corn and all grains and
mixed feeds easier, luster and better with the

New Holland .^

than any other. Trial is absolutely free. Order with
that understanding, t sizes and 3Btylcs, including
small hand power. Saw your wood with New
Holland Wood Saws and save labor. Three sizes.
Ask for free circnlai-s andprices.

New Holland Men. Co.. Box 153, New Holland, Pa.

FOR ALL MIXED FEEDS

Unhusked corn, husked ears,
shelled corn and all grains there
is no mill made that for speed,
easy running and complete
grinding equals the

KELLY

DUPLEX

,_ Grinding Mills

"", ■ New double .■niters, force

Catalogue ■] feed, never choke, grind line
or coarse. Four sizes, any
power. Investigate to-day.
THE 0. S. KELLY CO., 159 N. Lime St., Springfield, Ohio

Cut! Crush! Shred!

Prepare your fodder so stock will get all the nourish
ment. No waste
f you use

PS!??'

!|b|lttiJ Heebner's
tss ■'■•^^H| Feed

Prepare corn

one fur OQBlUp* am
Heebner & So

bo stock eat It oil and thrive on It.

»»"■' (!:M»oim>),Tc.iib.v.lhr.o >kU»i In
°^1 f1od cutting. Ws make Tread &ud Lotor

M, 2S Broad SI., Lansdalo, Pa.

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with '

Wilson's Phosphate Mills

farm Feed Mills, tiru
Flour Hand Mill., tirlt and

Shell Mills. Send for catalogue.

WI1.MIN llltil>., Sole Mir..,

Easton, Pa.

THE HESSLER$1 MAIL BOX.

Best, Cheap-
est and Host
Durable nail
Box on the
Market. Full
Government
size and ap-
proved by Post-
master Gen-
eral. Price of
boxes, $1.00.
Brass locks,
with chain, 86

cents. We make a discount on dozen lots.
Circulars Free, orders shipped promptly

H. B. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y,

Mention The Southern Planter in
writing.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

683

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

| Clark's Rer. Bush Plow and Harrow
cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.
deep. ConnectBthesub-
| soil water. It is an ex-
cellent machine for
covering in sugar cane.
[Strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly cut

.^ forest, stump, bush, or

bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Doable Actios Cataway
larrow moves 15,000 tons olj
arth lo a day.

Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

-^-s-'isj*. 7* x Made single or double
■■• '■"ifc.-U>?ljStg One or two furrows five
""Px. ^ S^to ten inches deep. 14
<0""\Y ') inches wide. For two nr
^"""^y four horses. Light draft.
■^^T^ No side draft. No similar
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
as directed in his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co.,
i-narantee them to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory.
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seediDg to grass.

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Higganum, Ct., U. S. A.

. i for free

' catalogue.
SPANGLER MFG. CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa.

9 CORDS IN 10 HOURS

LBIWBB1RT Qs.i %\ ^ ^ SAWS DOWH

BY ONE MAN, with the FOLDING SAWING MACHINE. It

saws down trees. Folds like a pocket knife. Saws any kind of
timber on any kind of p-ound.

VARIABLE FRICTION FJf&\

SAWMILLS

4 TO 200 HORSE POWiR,,

Pit. und

SUve Mills, Plaoars, "Water Wheels, etc Cheapest [l

and best Hay Baler. We Pay the Freight, p^*' .

DeLOACB MILL MANUFACTUH'G CO. IBA'FR

Bos bUU Catalog Free. Atlanta, Ga. ""

Water By Water Power.

, costs nothing to

Toucan i.h. a Rile,

' on 30 days free trial.

Ask Tor our free catalog.

RIFE ENCINE CO.
128 Liberty St . New Vork.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

MAGAZINES.

The frontispiece of the October Cen-
tury is a drawing in color, called "The
Duet," by Anna Whelan Betts, whose
color work in recent numbers of The
Century, representing life of fifty or
sixty years ago, are well known.

The war in the East is touched upon
in two articles, an illuminating anec-
dotal paper on Admiral Togo by one of
his countrymen, Adachi Kinnosuke;
the other an illustrated paper on "The
Cossacks," by David M. Macgowan, who
wrote the paper on "A Russian Lour-
des" in the September Century, a com-
prehensive article, dealing with the
character of the Cossacks, their horses,
military organization, tactics and spe-
cial maneuvers. The illustrations in-
clude a portrait of the Cossack gen-
eral, Rennenkampff.

In a paper entitled "In the Peril of
the Sea," Mont St. Michel is pictu-
resquely described in drawings by Jo-
seph Pennell and in text by Mrs. Pen-
nell.

An article of novel and widespread
interest is Mr. Gilbert H. Grosvenor's
"Inoculating the Ground," which sets
forth a remarkable discovery in scien-
tific agriculture which is likely to have
far-reaching influence.

A feature of the number is an ode in
the Wordsworthian spirit by Henry
van Dyke, entitled "God of the Open
Air." with pictures and decorations
by Henry McCarter, printed with a
touch of color.

There is also a paper of "New Ma-
terial Concerning the Lewis and Clark
Expedition;" consisting of portraits
of William Clark, one by an unknown
artist and the other by George Cat-
lin. the famous painter of Indians, to-
gether with two letters from Clark, one
to his brother George Rogers Clark,
describing the expedition, and the
other to Charbono, the husband of
Sacajawea, the young Shoshone wo-
man whose service to the expedition
as guide is to be recognized by a
statue to be erected by the women of
Oregon.

A practical article by Prof. John
Bates Clark, of Columbia University,
on "The Real Dangers of the Trusts."
includes suggestions as to remedies,
and is the fruit of long and intimate
study on this subject.

St. Nicholas' two serials, Gensai Mu-
rai's " 'Kibun Daizin,' or from Shark-
Boy to Merchant Prince," and Mary
Constance Du Bois' "Elinor Arden,
Royalist." continue strong features.
The pretty tale of "Elinor Arden. Roy-
alist," comes to an end in the October
number, but early book publication of
the story is announced. The adven-
tures of the young Japanese hero,
"Kibun Daizin." increase in interest
and excitement. There are plenty of
short stories, too, in the October issue
for both girl's and boys.

The serious article of the October
St. Nicholas Is the account, by George
Ethelbert Walsh, of "What a Lump of

ELECTRIC
Metal Wheels

will gire you a new wagon and a
lifetime's aervlce out of your old
running gears. They are the
modern great service wheel.
Made to III any wagon, adapted
to every duty. Straight or stag-
gered oval steel spokes, broad
tired, any height desired. You
win be through with repairs and save money, fields
and labor of horse ami man. Write at once for out
catalogue. It's free for the asking.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,

BOX 146 Qulncy. lillnaHv

BUGGIES

SURRIES

DAYTONS

RUNABOUTS
spindle: wagons, carts,

etc. 8* different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our prices
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 B. Main street.
Richmond, Va.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

Mid send 4 Buggy Wheels Steel Tire on, . * ~.»5
With Bobber Tires, (116.00. I mfg. wheels H "> * '"•
tread. Top Buggies, $28.75 : Harness. $3 60. Write for
oatalogoe. Learn how to buy vehicles and partsdlreot.
W«jon Umbrella KKEE. \V . V . HOI > H,l loemoatl.O.

STUMP PULLERS ^.

Seven Sizes

Si up '-^ssr- TsF\

Dr.PT PW.SMITH GRUB3ER CO LACROSSE WIS

Monarch Stump Puller

Will pull stump 7-ft. in
diameter. Guaranteed to
stand a strain of 250,000
lbs. For catalogue and
discount on first machine
address

The best on earth ;
you make no mistake
in buying of a man of 5
years experience in
pulliDgstumps. Weset
up the Puller and guar-
antee satisfaction be-
^^.fore we want your
money 5 sizes. Write
for catalog and prices.
JOS. W. RITCHIE, Slate Agent, R.F.D.No. 34, Grottoes, Va.

THEIMPR0VED

Chimberlln Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A.

684

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

How to Organize

A Farmers* Telephone Co.

We have published a very In-
structive telephone book espec-
ially for the man who wants
to know ALL about telephone
matters. It tells how to organ-
ize, how to build the lines;
about different types of 'phones,
construction; gives by-laws, and
constitutions; in fact it is a tele-
phone encyclopedia every farm-
er should have. We send it free
:f you mention this paper. Ask
for Book F- 1 13. "Telephone Facts

for Farmers." Tou will get it by return

mail. Address nearest office-

Stromberg-Carlson Tel. Mfe. Co.
Rochester. N. Y.— Chicago, III.

i*£ Red Ripper

Saves Time, Labor and Money.

HAY

PRESS

THE RED RIPPER Is the strongest,
ilmplest and most durable hay press on
the market; requires only one horse to
operate; capacity, 15 to 20 full size bales
(75 to 100 pound9) per hour. Costs less
than any other good press and does more
and better work than most presses cost-
ing five times as much.

Write lor Free Illustrated Booklet.
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena,Ga.

BALE YOUR OWN HAY]

MILLET SORGHUM PEA VINES ETC.

WHA-HAMDY-BALER //^shes A»S0L.lrtly

THE STRONGEST.MOST WWKFUU''/' UNIFORM °?W "
SWIFTEST AND LIGHTEST // 5t%)ARD Si«

ID PRESS //t3tWoZREHE>

LITTLE GIANTS
HAY PRESS CO. [

DALLAS .TEX AS.

■BITE FM PARTICULARS I
CATALOC HAND & NORSE

The Hay Baler

which is in a class by itself.

"FL I" PRESSES

i"^™> market. Larc

tret LvgftBt Fe

Collins Plow Co.,

»SI., Qulney. III.

BALES" VSR HAY

nd Victor Presses n

BAGS

FOR EVERYTHING ;
NKW OR SECOND-HAND;
SOLD OR RENTED.
Write for prices.

Coal Could Do." He shows with much
interesting detail how a laboring man
could carry in his pocket enough po-
tential energy to perform all his tasks
for several days; how the energy in
one lump of coal would be sufficient to
run an electric motor car full of pas-
sengers two and one-half miles at the
rate of twenty miles an hour, or carry
a train of six ordinary cars and a
heavy Pullman sleeper and dining-
room car one-sixth of a mile at the
rate of twenty-five miles an hour.

RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va,

The novelette in the current number
of Lippincott's Magazine is a tale of
the Great Lakes from the pen of Karl
Edwin Harriman. Its title is "A
Lad's Love," and through its pages the
island fisher-folk are presented as only
one who loves them in their atmos-
phere of simplicity could do. The ser-
pent in Eden comes (with a camera)
from a near-by city and insidiously
wins his way, amid the deep silence
of the wood, into the favor of loving
little Margy Kergan, whose true island
lover has gone for a draught of the
world's activity before settling down
to "the simple life" with Margy. The
story is an affecting one, relieved from
deepest tragedy by native humor and
a beautiful end.

First among the well-chosen short
stories conies Eleanor A. Hallowell's
"Brindle Boy." in which a pretty girl,
a bulldog, and a red cart combine to
make a lively love story. Frances
Howard Williams contributes "The
Tragic Touch." This contains both
the grace and fire that may be confi-
dently expected from Mr. Williams.
"The Waywardness of Susan," by
Luellen Cass Teters, is a tale of a
farmer's widow. Her life had been
one of renunciation, and after the tak-
ing off of her husband she determined
to have her "fling." She soon finds
out that what has before seemed de-
sirable is so no longer, and she prompt-
ly makes out a new programme. Al-
fred Stoddart's sporting stories have
become an established fact in the au-
tumn season. The one entitled "The
Dark Horse" shows distinct advance
in his special art.

A prominent Southern lawyer who
had just repented of his wild ways and
joined the church was called upon in a
religious meeting to pray. He started
off very well, but did not know how
to stop. After asking the divine bless-
ing on everything he could think of.
with a determined effort he finally
ended with these words: "Yours truly,
P. Q. Mason." — Harper's Weekly.

CAUSTIC BALSAM SUCCESSFUL

FOR CURB.
Harford Furnace, Md., Feb. 1, 1904.
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland.
Ohio:
I have used one bottle of your GOM-
BATJLT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM on curb.
I think it is the best on the market.
I have tried several other remedies but
with no result. Albert Supik.

INTERNATIONAL
KEROSENE ENQINES

Stationary, Portable, Ma-
rine, for Lighting. Pump-
ing and Hoisting Outfits, all
kinds of machinery, Laun-
ches and Boats. Send for
catalogue and prices.
INTERNATIONAL POWER
VEHICLE CO., 354 Third
St.. Macon, Ga.

Burch Tattoo Marker

For purpOf.es of
M^. identifier

l9€

rFI»...

$2.85 postpaid.

F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicago.

OEHQRHING STOPS LOSS

tii ii

and oilier cattle. Dehorn them

quickly and with slight pain with a

KEYSTONE DEHORNER

All over in -2 minutes. Not a harsh
method. Leaves a. Hear, clean cut.
Cows give more milk; steers make
better beef, send for free booklet.

M. T. Phillips. Boi 45, Pomeroy, Pa.

T YOUR IDEAS

SI 00,000 offered for one in-

tion; $8,500 for another.

>fc " How to Obtain a Patent"

and " What to Invent " sen t free. Send

ketch for free rr-port as to

patentability. We advertise your

patent for sale at our exptus»

CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attornera

9 7 6 F Street, Washington, 0. C

HARRIS HARDWARE CO.

409 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va.,
Breech = Loadlng shotguns $3.85

Pocket Knives
Rides
Revolvers
Robin Hood
Loaded Shells

Bicycles and Sundries
Hunting Leggins
Razors and Scissors
Hunting Coats
Gun Covers

WE ARE AOENTS FOR OOODTMIMJS.

Fontaine Safety Tugs

prevent sores and white spots on horses'
backs by regulating tension of girth as if it
were elastic. Prevent buggy running against
horse if breeching breaks. Made of best
single leather. Outlast other tugs. Hand-
some in appearance. Pair sent postpaid for
$1.50. Write for circular. THE FONTAINE
CO., Christie, Va.

'WALLACE B.CRUHB.F0,J.ESoT^Lx^c.0.N,'

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

685

AGRICULTURAL LIMF,

HARDWOOD ASHES.

Virginia and Maine Grown Seed Potatoes.

Paris Green, Paris Green Mixture.

Bug Death.
Land Plaster, Fertilizers, etc.

Horse aDd Hand power Sprayers,
Shipping Packages

for fruits and vegetable?.

WHITE FOR PBICES.

PERCY L. BANKS

Box 182, Norfolk, Va.

FERTILIZERS

AT IMPORT PRICES.

NITRATE OF SODA,

MURIATE OF POTASH,
SULPHATE OF POTASH,
NITRATE OF POTASH.

Genuine Peruvian Guano.
SMITH-DAVIS CO., Importers,

WILMINGTON, N. C.

Strawberry Plants,
Trees, etc.

$1.60 buys 1.000 nice young STRAWBERRY
PLANTS, and If you are not satisfied with
them, you can get your money back. Send
for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R.
F. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenn.

REPORTS.
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. C. Office of
Experiment Station. General In-
dex to Experiment Station Re-
cord. • Vols. I to XII, 1889-1901;
and to Experiment Station Bulle-
tin 2.

Office of Experiment Stations. Irri-
gation and Drainage Investigation
of the Office of Experiment Sta-
tions.

Office of Experiment Stations. Bul-
letin 144. Irrigation in Northern
Italy, Part I.

Bureau of Chemistry, Circular 16.
Officials Charged with the En-
forcement of Food Laws in the
United States and Canada.

Bureau of Soils. Circular 13. The
Work of the Bureau of Soils.

Farmers' Bulletin 203. Canned
Fruits. Preserves and Jellies.

Farmers' Bulletin 204. The Culti-
vation of Mushrooms.

Farmers' Bulletin 205. Pig Manage-
ment.
Experiment Station, Moscow. Idaho.
Bulletin 43. Planting the Apple
Orchard.

Bulletin 44. Alkali and the Treat-
ment of Alkali Lands, Part 1.
Kansas Experiment Station, Manhat-
tan, Kan. Bulletin 124. Animal
Husbandry Department, Experi-
ments in Feeding Steers and in
Breeding and Feeding Pigs.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul-
tural College, Mich. Bulletin 217.
Fertilizer Bulletin.

Bulletin 218. Some Essential Soil
Changes Produced by Micro-or-
ganisms.
Nebraska Experiment Station, Lincoln,
Neb. Press Bulletin 19. The Hes-
sian Fly.

Press Bulletin 20. Fattening Pigs
and Wintering Brood Sows on Al-
falfa and a-Grain Ration.
New Mexico Experiment Station. Me-
sella Park, N. M. Bulletin 51.
Native Ornamental Plants of New
Mexico.
Ohio Experiment Station. Wooster, O.
Press Bulletin 23. Hessian Fly
and Wheat Midge.
Texas Experiment Station, College
Station. Texas. The Composition
of Rice Byproducts.
Virginia Weather Service, Richmond.
Va. Report for August. 1904.

During the holiday season, when
good cheer everywhere prevails, there
is nothing nicer to have in the house
than a little good whiskey, and besides,
the best physicians prescribe it in
many cases of sickness. But you must
have good whiskey, pure whiskey.
You don't want to drink poor whiskey
yourself, much less offer it to your
friends, while as a medicine, poor
whiskey, adulterated whiskey, Is in-
jurious. If you want something real
good for Christmas, good for medicinal
uses, good for all uses, good at all
times, read The Hayner Distilling Com-
pany's offer elsewhere in this paper.

5 Improved 4-

eedwneal

The Finest and Largest Yielding y
^ Varieties Irom Crops ot 35 to r
40 Bushels Per Acre.

Our stocks are complete in both
standard sorts, besides new varie-
ties of superior merit, all carefully
recleaned and of finest quality.

Our Fall Catalogue

gives information of Seed Wheat,
Winter Turf Oats, Rape, 1.000
Headed Kale, Barley, Rye, Alfalfa,
Grass and Clover Seeds, Vegetable
Seeds, etc. Mailed Free.
Write today for Catalog No. 423.

WOOD, STUBBS 5 CO., Seedsmen.
LOUISVILLE, KY.

\

Trees - Trees

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees.

APPLES, PEARS, PEACHES,
CHERRIES, PLUMS, GRAPE-
VINES, RASPBERRIES, Etc.

Save agent's commission by send-
ing your order to the nursery.
CATALOGUE FREE. All Stock Inspected
— i anon ■ — and Fumigated.

WERTZ'S NURSERY, SALEM, VA.

! Reliable Seeds

FOR FALL SOWING.
Seed Oats, Rye, Barley, Rape, Vetches,
Alfalfa, Clover and Grass deeds, Onion
Sets and Garden Seeds of the highest
il'iality and germination at the lowest
market prices. Write us for quotations.
Mall orders given prompt attention.

DIGGS & BEADLES,

SEEDSMEN,

1709 E. Franklin St., RICHMOND, VA.

NUT NURSERY GU.

MONTICELLO FLA.

Growers of FANCY and RARE VARIETIES
by grafting in all of the more Important
Bpecies of nuts. We have probably the
FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PECANS In
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F.
JONES. Manager.

GINSENG 4. RAW FURS
Wanted; full value for your goods. Writ*
for price lists. Address H. C. METCAJLF,
Alstead, N. H.

6S6

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

If your lamp-
chimneys break,
say Macbeth to
your grocer —
loud!

He knows.

You need to know how to manage youi
lamps to have comfort with them at small cost
Better read my Index; I send it free,

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

VIRGINIA ™kAP?A6E

FIND THE BEST II 0 iU C O

Where Health, Climate. Soil, Location
and markets ar.- unsurpassed. Any
size, place and price to suit the buyer
of a stock, truck, fruit, poultry or fi-h
and oyster farm. The James Kiver
Valley Colonization Co. oilers super-
ior advantages to land buyers. Write
for free 86 P. pamphlet giving f ill par-
ticulars.

W. A. PARSONS,

C. &0. Main St. Depot, - - Richmond, Va.

ESTABLISH £0 1875.

Ill

I THICK

The best grazing section of Virginia, Blue
grass Indigenous. If you are Interested in
fruit growing or trucking, you can And no
better country in the United States.

BUT THE BEST and send for our free
Real Estate Bulletin, it will help you find it.

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND
AGENCY. C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krenning.
General Managers, WythevUle, Va.

Northern Virginia,

drain. Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of

every Class within one hour of Washington, D.C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

farms a Specialty

Catalogue on application.

P. B. BUELL CSL SON.

.1 E.3

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If located in one of these Virginia counties:
FTlnce George, Chesterfield. King William.
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

"A BRIEF HISTORY OF HEREFORD
CATTLE."
Rosemont Farm. Berryville, Va., Is-
sues a very neat and interesting
pamphlet of the above title by T. F. B.
Sotham, and is sending it out free to
all who will ask for it. We are show-

tA Brief History- tf

Hereford Cattle-

ing herewith a photo of the front
cover page. Farmers and stockmen
generally should send for this bro-
chure, as they are sure to find it very
interesting.

Rosemont Herefords are booming
these days. Mr. L. Roy Stacy, the
herd manager, writes us that he sold
10 head in the South in September,
that inquiries are pouring in. and that
they will probably clean up all surplus
stock in October to make room for a
new lot.

A half page ad. of this farm will be
found elsewhere in this issue, and we
invite the attention of our readers
to it.

In China, many of the people "shave
dry" — that is. without moistening the
beard. It can hardly be a pleasant
performance, but not much worse in
its effects than the use of cheap, in-
ferior soap. Shaving is a delicate ope-
ration, and demands a soap made for
the especial purpose. As per their of-
fer elsewhere in this paper, the J. B.
Williams Company will send for the
cost of mailing a trial tablet of Wil-
liams' Shaving Soap — "the only soap
fit for the face." It won't take long
to write them, and your face will
never cease to thank you.

THE EFFICACY OF PRAYER.

At a prayer-meeting in Mississippi
during the Civil War a Presbyterian
brother offered this prayer:

"O Lord, we thank Thee for all Thy
boundless goodness; for this rich and
beautiful land of ours; for our brave
women and valiant men. We thank
Thee that we are fully able to take
care of ourselves on land; but, O Lord,
we do most humbly implore Thy as-
sistance when the Yankees send those
infernal gunboats to destroy us."

.•To Homeseekers.,

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Usued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
wUI gladly mail you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL. PAUL SCHERBR, Agt.,
G. P. A.. Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

FOR SALE

OR

FARM on SHARES

I will sell all or one-half my dairy business,
or I will give the right man an interest in
profits to superintend same. A bargain for a
good man. Apply OAK HILL STOCK AND
DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va.

D. & W. R'y.

Old Virginia Farms

25, 50, 100, 500. 1,000 and 2,000 acre tract!.
Some of these highly improved and conve-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK-
ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich-
mond, Va.

630 ACRE FARM

Near Keysville, Va., for sale at $4.00 per
acre. This farm is well wooded and watered;
about half of it is in original growth timber
valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx-
ious to sell. Correspondence invited. T. E.
ROBERTS, Chase City, Va.

FARMLANDS.

The best locations, choicest lands In Vir-
ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit, Poultry, Dairy,
Stock. For information address REAL ES-
TATE TRUST COMPANY. Richmond, Va.

Owners desiring to list farms in new cata-
logue now in preparation will write at once
to W. M. Cary, Manager Farms Department.
No charge for listing property.

319 ACRE FARM

in Russell county, Va., for sale; fine grain
and blue grass farm, under a high state of
cultivation. Finely watered, containing five
large limestone springs. Can be purchased
reasonable. Parties Interested are requested
to call and see or address STEELE BROS..
Raven, Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happl-
oess and Independence for ALL. ALL sizes
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL
reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS
EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREB.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vt.

Established UTS.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

687

Northern Virginia Farms.

Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit.
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, bat
ance cleared; 11 miles from station
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house
Fine water. Five miles from station
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one
half miles from station. Forty acres
timber, balance cleared. Fine land
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

No. 23. — 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun
county, 31 miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land
Price, $7,500.

No. 36. — 275 acre farm in Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land.
Good buildings. Refined and edu
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April and May issue of South
esn Planter for description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER, = Herndon, Va.

A FINE FARM FOR SALE:

Being physically unable to properly man-
age my farm of 910 acres, I offer it for sale.
600 acres in cultivation, 200 acres splendid
timber land— no waste lands. Good dwelling,
store house, barns, water-works, telephone,
daily mails. 13 good cabins, with tenants.
All lands in cultivation, circled and terraced.
Price, $17.50 per acre. Any one looking for
such prroperty can address or call on

W. B. MERCIER, Centreville. Miss.

rikir C* DMO Id the great fruit grain and
Hilt rAnlYlO stock section of VIRGINIA
Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages
For further information, address

ALBEMARLK IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres Charlottesville, Va

Go South.

For full par

tieulars write

A. JEFFERS,

Norfolk, Va.

For Sale or Rent. A nice

farm 2% miles University of Virginia. Will
sell cheap if taken before October 15th. Ap-
ply to B. D. CHANDLER, Charlottesville,
Va., R. F. D. 2.

• -*-• VIRGINIA FARMS •"*-•

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good homo
and orchard. 1600.00. Blue Grass. Stock ami
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,

Louisa, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

All prices and sizes. Ask for free list.
WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond. Va.

THE NAVAL ACADEMY AT ANNAP-
OLIS.
Mary Washington.
After a very interesting trip to West
Point, of which I have given some ac-
count in the pages of the Southern
Planter, I next proceeded to Annap-
olis, and thus had an opportunity of
comparing the military and naval
academies of the United States. While
there are some few features in com-
mon, such as strict discipline and fine
educational advantages, the two acade-
mies are very dissimilar in many re-
spects. At West Point the object
seems to be to make the cadets stiff
and rigid, at Annapolis it is to make
them supple and limber. While the
summer season is so gay at West Point
it, is very quiet at Annapolis, only the
Plebe class being there at that time.
Early in June the upper classmen go
off on a cruise, somewhere in Ameri-
can waters, as they do not go into for-
eign waters till their course of study
at Annapolis is finished. These sum-
mer cruises give them a practical
knowledge of seamanship. They re-
turn late in August, and are then
given a month's furlough to visit
home, so the academic year does not
open until October 1st. Last winter
the first class graduated in February,
the Government being in pressing need
of naval officers. The same thing is
to be done this winter also.

Some time ago Congress made large
appropriations ($13,000,000. I believe)
for making new, fine and larger build-
ings at the Naval Academy. This
work has been going on for five or six
years, on a grand scale. Some of the
buildings are finished, and others are
approaching completion. The barracks
which are nearly completed, will be
the largest and finest in the world, be-
ing built of granite and containing
1,600 rooms. On either side of the
barracks stand the new armory and
new seamanship building, magnificent
structures of gray granite, each cost-
ing $400,000. The officers' club has
just been completed, and a handsome
new chapel and various other build-
ings are in process of construction. I
was told that 500 laborers were em-
ployed about these buildings. The bar-
racks and buildings on either side of
it front on Annapolis Harbor, which
is a basin of Chesapeake Bay, whilst
the Severn river, which here empties
into the harbor, is on the left, and the
other two sides of the grounds (which
are nearlv square) are enclosed by a
brick wall with gates. Great atten-
tion is paid to rowing and other
aquatic exercise. Every other after-
noon the midshipmen row from 3 to
5 P. M., and on the alternate after-
noons they go out on steam launches.
They have a monitor boat ("The Ter-
ror") for practice in gunnery, whilst
an old vessel ("The Jante") is kept
there as a prison ship.

It was only by a long and very grad-
ual process of invention that the Naval
Academy has reached its present state

To Land Owners.

Have you a map of your farm, or la
your old map torn and falling to piecea?
I make a specialty of farm map making.
and should be glad to make you a nice
map. If you haven't a map, copy the
metes and bounds from your deed (be
careful in copying), and mail to me; or if
you want your old map copied, mail it to
me. My maps are made on best quality
mapping cloth (doesn't tear or fade), and
look well framed and hung on the wall.
Are you satisfied that your farm contains
as many acres as you paid for? or are
you buving or selling land and wish to
know the area without going to the
trouble and expense of a new survey? If
so, let me calculate the area for you from
the old notes on your deed. Many of our
old surveyors were very careless with
their calculations, and I may save you
many times my small charge for calcu-
lating.

My charges are: For maps, $2.00 each;
for calculating area, 10 sides or under,
$1.00: 10c. extra for each side over 10.

SPECIAL ATTENTION given to sur-
veying and dividing large tracts of land
and to surveys of coal, timber and min-
eral lands in Virginia. North Carolina
and West Virginia.

DAVID T. WILLIAMS.
Civil Engineer and Surveyor, 336 Main
St., Danville, Va.

CHEAP LANDS roR sale

1,000 acres on Indian river, Fla. Building
lots, orange and grape fruit groves, pine-
apple plantations, wild land. $5 to $10 per
acre. Also a bearing fruit farm near Lynch-
burg, Va., $15 per acre. Owing to poor
health, will sell any quantity desired cheap
or easy terms. Rare opportunity for profit-
able investments. JAS. HOLMES. College
Park, Va.

SALFSMFN WANTED

In Virginia and adjacent territory for old
established line of live stock remedies. Only
those with experience in this or similar line,
and capable of earning $100 net or more, per
month need apply. Give references and full
particulars in first letter. Address JOS.
HAAS. V. S.. 106 So. Penn. St., Indianapolis,
Ind.

POSITION WANTED

as farm manager by a first class man, with
practical and educational experiences in
farming, dairying, cattle, sheep, swine and
poultry, gardening, flowers, fruits and vege-
tables. R. S., care Southern Planter.

WANTED

At once a SOBER. HONEST. HEALTHY,
ABLE-BODIED young man, married, who
.nil i-tands the handling of horses, to take
position on a country place in Virginia,
German preferred. Apply Miss L. B. COCKE,
Bremo Bluff. Va.

POSITION WANTED

on a stock and dairy farm, by man who has
bad experience with cattle. W. P. DAVIS.
R. F. D. 6. Gaffney, S. C.

..Second Hand Bags..

Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, anywhere.
I pay the freight. GEO. T. KING, Rich-
mond, Va.

Ginseng. Ooldfn Seal andi«eneca Snake Root.
Don't take but few square yards to pay
more dividends than a whole farm planted in
anything else. Send stamp for particulars,
prices, etc. J. L. GIBSON. Bryson City.
N. C.

688

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

[October,

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may he collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Onr experience proves thisformfor
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yel devised for depositsof 8100.00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus Is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

JOHN B. PURCELL, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr , Vice-Pres. & Cashier.
C11AS. K. BUENETT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier

... THE EVER READY . . .

VEST POCKET ELECTRIC LIGHT.

The lamp is end ised in a line mo-
rocco case with nickel trimmings. .Iu>i
the light Cor the farmer, the housewife
or the mechanic who has to search in
dark places where another light would
prove dangerous. No oil, smoke or
odor, press the button and the light is
at your service. Price by mail postpaid
f2.00, Address,

J. MOYER,

Box 144, - - Norristown, Pa.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A fire Insurance Association for Farmers of
Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9. 1899; amount Insured
January 9, 1904, 1 400,800; policies secured by
real and personal property, estimated value,
$1, 000. 000. -end for statement of plan and book
ofinemberahlptoCHAS. N. FRIEND, General
Agent, Chester. Va.

VMiiE

GREENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .m
other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit. Nerve Exhaustio

WANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes, Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twelfth St. N. w., Washington. D. C.

Mention The Southern Planter in
writing.

of excellence, although West Point was
put on a secure basis as far back as
]802. but the Government was strange-
ly blind to the claims and the import-
ance of the navy, and in spite of the
numerous appeals and efforts made in
behalf of the Naval Academy, there
was no regular one founded until
1845. though prior to that time there
were some small naval schools serv-
ing as adjuncts to navy-yards at New
York. F.oston and Norfolk. It is true
that as far back as 1798 the Navy De-
partment established by act of Con-
gress provided for a small armament
and a body of officers proportioned to
the number of s.hips. The officers were
selected from merchant ships, the up-
per grades filled by men who had
served with distinction during the
Revolution. There were eight mid-
shipmen on each ship, appointed by the
President from civil life. No pro-
vision was made for school masters.
The chaplain was expected to fill this
office, and was ordered to teach writ-
ing, arithmetic, navigation and what-
ever might contribute to render them
proficients. This crude system work-
ed very badly, as might be expected,
the subjects the chaplains were re-
quired to teach being foreign to their
training and studies, and they being
appointed without reference to their
fitness for this work.

Earnest appeals were made by suc-
cessive Secretaries of the Navy, set-
ting forth the importance of a high
grade Naval Academy to train the
young midshipmen in scientific branch-
es and modern languages, as well as
in seamanship. John Quincy Adams
was firmly convinced of the import-
ance of this measure, and made special
reference to it in his annual message
in 1825. He said: "uur navy com-
menced at an early period of our na-
tional organization on a scale commen-
surate with the incipient energies,
scanty resources and comparative indi-
gence of our infancy, and was then
found adequate to cope with all the
powers of Barbary, save the first, but
it is only since the close of the late
war that by the number and force of
the ships of which it is composed it
could deserve the name of navy, yet
it retains nearly the same organiza-
tion as when it consisted of only five
frigates. The rules and regulations
by which it is governed earnestly call
for revision, and the want of a naval
school of instruction, corresponding
with the Military Academy of West
Point, for the formation of scientific
nnd accomplished officers, is daily
felt with increasing aggravation."
Congress, however, received the Presi-
dent's suggestions with strange apa-
thy, and took no action on the matter.
Shortly afterwards (January, 18251
the Maryland House of Delegates, then
in session at Annapolis, adopted the
following resolution:

"Resolved by the General Assembly
of Maryland. That our Senators and
Representatives in Congress be, and

Take no chances
with your face.
Demand Will-
iams' Shaving
Soap.

Sold everywhere. Write for

booklet " How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

By Prop. W. f. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth. $1.00: Paper. 60c.

We offer this splendid work In connec-
tion with th9 SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:

Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.26.

Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c

Old or new subscriptions.

SAVE THAT PORKER.

To any person sending us 25 cents in
stamps or silver we will send by mail a
bottle of GREGORY'S ANTISEPTIC HEAL-
ING OIL. guaranteed to cure every case of
Cholera in hog or chicken if administered in
Bret stage of the disease. Cures colic In
man or horse in one to three minutes. If it
fails drop a postal card and we will return
stamps or money. Full directions given.
GREGORY MEDICINE CO.. Conway, Ark.
Send now, as this ad. will not appear but
three times.

MILK OIL DIP

FOR

Cattle, Sheep,
Hogs.

Oldest Americun Dip. Cheapest.!
Most Effective, Strong -I obt:mml>I.-
1 gal cun *1. 62 gul. burr.'l *40.
Catalog Stockmen's Supplies Free,
F. S. 8URCH & CO., 144 Illinois Street, CHICAGO.

FOR SALE

2 young pure bred RED POLLED COWS,
with bull calves at foot. 1 pure bred year-
ling heifer, and 1 half bred Red Polled year-
ling heifer. A nice flock of 16 pure bred
SHROPSHIRE EWES. A lot of pure bred
young- JERSEY COWS a nice lot of S.
White Leghorn fowls, Hilttnore prize win-
ning strain. A SPLENmn KARM of 888
acres 6% miles frem University of Vir-
ginia. A nice large 8 room home, re-
cently repaired and painted, and as good as
new, with hot and cold water and bath, 2,000
thrifty fruit trees. New stock barn 48x60.
and other outbuildings. Delightful view of
Blue Ridge; splendid water, healthful cli-
mate, fine community: one mile from Ivy
Depot; school and churches. For further In-
formation, apply to F. E. WILLIAMS, M. D.,
Charlottesville, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

6SlJ

TILL NOV. 1st.

BARGAINS

I will sell several registered

Percheron Stallions

at sacrifice prices during the next 30 days to
make room for young stock during the win-
ter months. I also offer several registered

Short -Horn Cows

at low figures, and nine bulls, ranging in age
from 6 mos. to 17 mos.; all good ones, and
several show animals in the lot, by the fol-
lowing noted sires, JOUBERT. he by HO-
GARTH; Lord Lavender, by Lavender Lad;
and champion grandson of Cup Bearer. My
cows are by Lord of Spring Creek, Gov.
Tyler, Champion, and Duke of Weldon, no
better blood in the world, and the cows and
bulls show their breeding in their conforma-
tion. JOH.X F. LEWIS, Lynnwood Stock
Farm. Lynnwood, Va. N. & W. R. R.

FOR SALE

A fine team of gray

PERCHERON MARES

weighing about 2800 pounds, 6 and 7 years
old, very active; fine workers everywhere,
both safe In foal to the great gray Perche-
ron stallion DOM PEDRO, No. 15558, recently
sold at a long price to Messrs. Hicks &
Hopkins, of Mathews Co. Price of mares.
$400. If convenient, will trade In a good
driver for part payment. MEYER & JEHNE.
Farmville, Va.

THOROUGHBREDS for Sale.

BAY COLT "BURT." May in, 1901. By Au-
rus, Cara Bell, by imp. Charaxus.

FLORENCE GLENN. No. 15709, chestnut
more, by Linsey Woolsey; Thelma, by imp.
Esher. foaled May 27 1898.

BROWN FILLY, Hannah C." No. 32735.
foaled March. 1902, by Aureus; Kathleen Grav.
by Jim Gray. For further information, ap-
ply to S. H. WILSON, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville.

SADDLE MARE FOR SALE.

I have a fine black Kentucky roareln 2 hanrtp
all saddle gates and an elegum nuggv mare, sin
gle or double. Sheishv Wontrnse nm of Fren
ctay Squirrel by Black Squirrel one of the finest
saddle horses America has ever produced. I
bought this mare for a lady t*. ride, but thp
mure i* high srnine «nd skittish around electric
care, but perfectly «afe otherwise I will Fell
her for $2?5; ehe la a bargain.

CHAS. B. COOKF. Richmond, Va.

& FOR SALE j& '

PERCHERON MARES

Farm sold. I offer fine pure bred mares, the
mother and four colts, respectively, 4, 3, 2
and 1 year old. Ancestors are of the best
ever imported. Breeding, size and quality
first class. Low down. Address T. W. JOR-
DAN. Draper. Va.

Percheron Stallions

For sale: 2 years Id >nd older: bred from the

best families in « meri' a; pedigrees trneine to

imported sire and dam: nothing but imported

stallion used at tbe head ot stu'1; prices right.

D. T. MARTIN, Salem, V<.

PURE-BRED

Percheron Stallion

for sale. Age 5 years; weight, 1,500 pounds.
Also some very fine ENGLISH and GORDON
SETTERS. E. H. DE BUTTS, Linden, Va.

they hereby are, required to call the
attention of their respective houses to
the superior advantages which the
city of Annapolis and its neighborhood
possesses as a situation for a Naval
Academy, and that they use their best
exertions in favor of establishing such
an institution."

This resolution was communicated
to the Senate in February, 1826. but
did not bear fruit till many years later.

In his second annual message, 1826,
the President again urged the expe-
diency of establishing a naval school,
together with other improvements in
naval organization. A bill for the
gradual improvement of the navy was
introduced in the Senate, embracing
several measures, and especially the
founding of a Naval Academy. This
was advocated with great force by the
distinguished Robert Y. Hayne, of
South Carolina, the projector of the
bill. By the way. he was the uncle
of the poet. Paul H. Hayne. This bill
passed the Senate, but the House made
several amendments in it. one of
which was to strike out the clause
relative to the Academy. This amend-
ment was carried in the Senate by a
vote of 22 to 21, so the founding of
the Academy was retarded nearly
twenty years by one single vote.

Secretary Southard, at the opening
of the next Congress, "respectfully but
earnestly presented the subject of a
naval school for the consideration of
the Government." adding that "he
could not perceive the reason for the
preference of the army over the navy."
The President, in his annual message,
reiterated with still greater emphasis
his old arguments in favor of founding
a Naval Academy. In his next annual
report. Secretary Branch used strong
arguments on the same point, dwelling
on the necessity of giving naval offi-
cers thorough instruction in interna-
tional law and court martial law, and
contrasting the elaborate schooling
given to the army with the pitiful pro-
vision of $25 a month allowed school
-.Qqtfvrs on board larger ships of war,
but this appeal, stirring as it was,
availed nothing. It would require a
volume to tell of all the futile efforts
that were made to secure the estab-
lishment of a Naval Academy, but this
most desirable result was not attained
until 1845. when George Bancroft be-
came Secretary of the Navy. He was
a man not only of great scholarship,
but of fine judgment and excellent
common sense and executive capacity.
He saw that separate schools without
organization or intelligence constituted
as appendages to navy-yards and sea-
going men-of-war could never produce
satisfactory results. These schools
were not fostered nor recognized by
law, but merely tolerated because they
were useful, even with their limited
range of instruction. Bancroft saw
that the remedy for this evil was to
concentrate at a given point, suitably
located for learning seamanship, and
there to found an academy where mid-

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBAUXT'9

Caustic
Balsam

A Safe Speedy and Fcsitive Con
The Safest, Beat BLISTER ever used. Take*
tbe place of &U liniments lor mild or severe action,
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horici
and rattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY
OR FIRING* Impassible to produce scar or blcmux
Every bottle Bold is warranted to give satisfaction-
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or
lent by express, charges paid, with full direction*
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars.
fHB LAWRBNCE-WELLIAMS CO., CI eve land Q,

One Experience

Kendall's

Spavin

Cure

the old reliable remedy for Spavins, Ringbones,
Splints, Curbs, etc., and nil forms of Lameness.
Cures without a Memi'sh a.s it ones not blister. Price
S 1 ; six lor $5. As a liniment for fr.mil v use it has no
equal. Ask your drm-'L'ist , for KENDALL'S SPAVIN
CURE, also "A Treatise on the Horse," the book
free, or address

DR. B. J.KENDM.IC0., ENOSBURG FALLS. VT.

L*imp<

Save the animal— save yourl

herd — cure every case of "

Lump Jaw. The disease is
I fatal In time, and It spreads. Only one way 1
| to cure it— use

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

I No trouble— rub it on. Nnrlr>k— your money I
back if it ever fails. Ueed for ^even years I
by nearly all the big stockmen. Free book I

1 telis you more.

?eu\d Rii\g-bor\e

Once hard to cure— easy now. A 45-min-
ute treatment does it. >o ether method I
80 easy— no other method s

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste J

ires even the worst cases— none too old
•bad. Money Kick If it ever fails. Fr
' ut Lump Jo

nt, Id

nd other stock aliments. Write for It.
FLEMINC BROS., Chemists,
SSO Union Stock Yards, Chicago, I1L

fur wind,
m'ubles,
11.00 pit

NO flORE BLIND HORSES.

For Specific Opt almia, Moon Blindness, and
other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la have a
sure cure.

npiuM

^j-i •

Ulej.. '•.!>.. At

id Whl«kej llnhlla

d -il I. without

[win. Book of particulars
sent nti k. B. HI.
»l»,«u.,103N.Pryor8t.

690

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

BROWN LEGHORNS,

White Plymouth Rocks.

Some fine cockerels and pullets for
sale cheap.

R. W. HAW, Jr., Centralia, Va.

9 SPECIAL SALE

BARRED PLYMOUTH COCKERELS for sale
at a very low special rate ff taken before
November 1, 1904. Thoroughbred stock, and
are very tine birds. Elegantly marked. Ad-
dress PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, Whit-
es Depot, Va., Miss E. CALLIE GILES,
Propr.

[October,

S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
and B. PLYMOUTH ROCK

Pullets and Cockerels,
best strains; also eggs
at $1 per sitting of 15
f. o. b. here. Write for
full particulars. PRICE
& PRICE. Proprs. Green
Bay Poultry Yards,
Green Bay, Va.

White Leghorn

Cockerels for sale. Exhibition
or breeding stock. Address

C, Q. Al. FINK,
R- F' °- 2» Richmond, Va.

BARGAIN SALE

of Cockerels; Langshans,
Orpingtons. Rocks, Wyan-
dottes. Minorcas, Leghorns
and others. Write wants
Low prices for early buy-
ers. Large illustrated poul-
try book describes 40 va

im'tv bnS\FSUltry' onIy 6c- List free.

■IQH.N E. I1EATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they woo, Sharon, N. Y 4 out of f

pgb^o^oke27L°VoutC,0fr}i '
THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mill., Va.

^OR~SALE

Young S. C. WHITE LEGHORN Cockerels
of the celebrated "Bonnie Brae" stock
Price. $1.50 each. MAXWELTON POULTRY
FARM, Gladys, Va.

PIEDMONT HEIGHTS FARn

has for sale a lot of

S. C. B LEGHORN COCKERELS

YaaneceyhMt,CnsedVan ^ ^ °' L°UHOFF,

Pure-Bred Buff Orpington

Cockerels for sale; $1 up, depending on

KING, Queensland Farm, R. F. D 2 Haean
Lee county, V». ' "aKan,

Mention The Southeen Planter in
writing

shipmen could meet with thorough and
efficient training for their profession.
Fort Severn, at Annapolis, seemed to
offer the most suitable location, it be-
ing an old army post, bought by Gov-
ernment in 1808, and containing offi-
cers' barracks and quarters sufficient
for the institution in its infancy.

School was opened here in October,
1S45, the commander being Franklin
Buchanan, of Baltimore, a man of dis-
tinguished ability and an excellent or-
ganizer and disciplinarian, who "set
the pace" (and the proper one) for the
infant Academy. In later years, when
the Civil War broke out. Admiral Bu-
chanan cast in his lot with the South,
and added lustre to the records of our
small but glorious navy.

At the breaking out of the Civil
War the pressure of Southern feeling
was so strong in Maryland that it was
not deemed advisable to have the
Naval Academy located in that State,
hence it was removed to Newport.
R. I., soon after the outbreak of the
19th of April. 1861, in Baltimore, and
it remained at Newport till the close
of the war. Even now there seems a
little lingering fear of Southern feel-
ing manifesting itself too strongly —
that is. if the information I received
at Annapolis be true — viz.. that the |
band is not allowed to play "Dixie" I
there. This is very different from
what it is at West Point. At the open
air concerts there at night during the
summer they play "Dixie" occasionally,
and the cadets in camp nearby shout
lustily. Northerners and Southerners
together.

There is a great jealousy between
West Point and Annapolis, though it
seems much stronger with the iatter
than with the former, possibly be-
cause the West Pointers feel so serene-
ly convinced of their own superiority.
Enthusiastic praises of West Point
are not listened to sympathetically at
Annapolis. I doubt whether the an-
nually contested football game is a ju-
dicious thing between these rival acad-
emies.

It is amusing to contrast the slang
of the two sets of boys. At West
Point, if they mean to say you have
gotten into any one's good graces, they
say. "you have a boot lick on him."
whilst at Annapolis they say "you have
a grease on him." To get demerits at
West Point is to "be skinned." whilst
at Annapolis it is to "hit the tree."
What they call "hazing" at West Point
is "running" at the Naval Academy.
Candy and other contraband delica-
cies at West Point, smuggled in by
friends and relatives, are called
"boodle," but I heard no corresponding
term at Annapolis, possibly because
the authorities there are rather more
indulgent about such things. They
give the midshipmen a dollar a month
for pocket money, which they can
spend in town on Saturdays for any
little thing they want. At West Point
the cadets nicknamed a very strict
and unpopular tactical officer "The

FANO -BRED

Belgian Hares

AND

Buff Plymouth Roch

chicKs for sale.

J. M. WILHELM, Statesville, N . C.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS, W.
PLYMOUTH ROCK FOWLS, TOU-
LOUSE GEESE, PEKIN DUCKS
and PEA FuWLS.

Egirs in season. Will exchange for

White Plymouth Rocks.
OAK HILL FARM, Wenonda, Va.
(Oak HIM Station, D. & W. Ry.)

WANTED

We wish to buy from two hundred to three
hundred well bred S. C. WHITE LEGHORN
yearling hens. MAXWELTON POULTRY
FARM, Gladys, Va.

SATISFY YOURSELF

SPLENDID BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK
COCKERELS (Bradley Strain). Can be re-
turned if don't please. L. W. WALSH, Box
134, Lynchburg, Va.

WANTED to Sell

18 thoroughbred W. P. Rock hens, and buy
or trade for Percheron ' colt. Mrs. L.
AVERILL, Howardsville, Albemarle county,

CHICKENS

for sale. B. P. ROCK. S. C. B. LEGHORN
and WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure bred
stock. Prices reasonable. Write Miss CLARA
L. SMITH, Croxton. Caroline county. Va.

St. Bern ard Pups

of Imported and prize winning stock,
FOR SALE. For particulars, address,
E. F. HENKKNIUS, Tyler,

Hanover Co., Va.

Scotch Collies

Champion blood of England and America.
Puppies now ready to ship. Also bitches In
whelp for sale. MEYER & JEHNE. Farm-

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported sires sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. 8* I o SIS. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Tralniug. ftu cents: Fbee if
yon liuv s Collie.
MAPLEMONT STOCK FARW. Rutland. Vermont.

.. . . ■'■ I .

EarLabels

for SHEEP, HOGS
and CATTLE, from

— ■■$1.00 per 100 up.

Best oa the market. Send for Free Catalogue Stockmen's
Supplies. F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St. Chicago.

ENGINESIu Horse 7 Taction 82M); 10 Horse
Traction | 0U : Boilers, Lnglnes new and seel
onri h.vnil from -1 to 100 Horse. Single saw mll-
grjft ; Double mill ?l.'->o : Machinery of every des-
cription al one-third actual value

D. CASEY. Springfleld, Ohio.

Mention The Southern Planteb in
writing.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

691

BERKSHIRE^

ANNEFIELD HERD

Contains the

Finest Bloodlines

in England and America.

Young Stock for Sale. J

Inquiries cheerfully answered. <*

— 8

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms. *

Berryville, Virginia. v

Berkshire Pigs

ready for October and November de
livery by my 700 lb. boar. Capt. Jack
68623 and out of sows weighing from 500
to BOO lbs. in only fair breeding condi
tion. To show tbat these pigs are ex
tra good, I WILL SHIP TO KESPON
SIBLE PARTIES ON APPROVAL.

Every hog in my herd is registered
WOODSIDE STOCK FARM,

Charlottesville, Va

Buzzard." At Annapolis they had one
of the same kind, whom they called
"The Bull."

The expansion of the navy is going
on at such a rate that they have about
800 midshipmen this year. Quite a
large percentage of the Plebe class,
however, generally drops out in the
February examinations.

OUR herd represents the
very best strains of import
ed Large English Berk-
shires. Choice stock at
reasonable prices.
Address

Cottage Grove Farm,

P 0. Box 5. Greensboro. N, C.

BERRSHIRES

No more spring pigs for sale. One regis-
tered sow has farrowed and two more are
due. These pigs, sired by MASON OF BILT-
MORE II (68548), will be booked at $6 each
or $10 a pair f. o. b. when 10 weeks old.
None but Biltmore blood in my herd.

ROBERT HIBBERT. Charlottesville, Va.

REG. BERKSHIRES

ready for shipment. Will sell
cheap. S. C. B. LEGHORN
chickens, 65c. each; good, healthy
well bred stock. 3 year old Reg.
Jersey Bull at $50. Selling to pre-
vent inbreeding. EVERGREEN
DAIRY & STOCK FARM, W. B. ] ^i.'
GATES, Propr., Rice Depot, Va. «

IN ALL THAT'S GOOD,
OWENS OFFERS THE BEST

The Cedars Kennels, Poultry and Stock Farm.

Home of the most fashionable strains of
Llewellyn Setters, Beagle Hounds, Jersey
Cattle, Duroc Jersey and Poland China
Swine, M. B. Turkeys and B. P. R. chickens.
Fanciers' Stock — Farmers' Prices.

WM. G. OWENS. Midlothian, Va.

DAN PATCH IS O. K. AGAIN.

The public at large and the turf par-
ticularly, were startled recently by an
Associated Press telegram announcing
that the famous Dan Patch, owned by
Mr. M. W. Savage, Proprietor of In-
ternational Stock Food Co., was suffer-
ing from strangulated hernia, and that
his recovery was impossible. We are
pleased to report such is not the fact,
and that he is back home and doing
nicely, as evidenced by the following
letter from Mr. Savage, under date of
September 23d:

"Yesterday at my farm I gave Dan
Patch five miles of jog work. He has
entirely recovered from his illness,
and is strong and vigorous. Impaction
of the bowels does not usually leave
any bad effects, and we expect Dan
to be at the top of his speed at Spring-
field. 111., October 6th. He will also
fill several other dates after the Illi-
nois State Fair, and we believe he will
go some sensational miles before the
close of the season.

"You can imagine that I am ex-
tremely happy to report these condi-
tions, in view of the fact that Tuesday
evening, September 13th, Dan was
given up as beyond hopes of recovery
by three veterinary surgeons at To-
peka. Kan.

"He arrived at my farm Tuesday,
September 20th. where he has regain-
ed his strength very rapidly.
"Very truly yours,

"M. W. Savage.

IMPORTANT SALE OF HEREFORDS
During the International Live Stock
Show an opportunity will be given to
those who wish to purchase high class
Hereford cattle at auction. On Friday,
the 2d day of December, will be offered
a number of bulls, cows, heifers and
calves from the best known Hereford
families. Among the animals now
entered in the sale are those whose
sires and dams are renowned on both
sides of the water as champion win-
ners, and good enough to stand at the
head of any herd.

Parties who desire to put in the sale
a few high-class Hereford cattle, by
sending in a full description of the
animals they wish to offer before Oc-
tober 15th. to Mr. G. H. Hoxie. Room
52, Exchange Building, Union Stock
Yards, Chicago, will be advised as to
the selection of animals for sale.

The committee that will be in charge
of the sale will insist that all animals
consigned to the same must be sold
outright. Experienced auctioneers
will be selected to conduct the selling.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
F. T. ENGLISH, Centrerllle, Md.

OAK - GROVE - STOCK - FARM

offers for sale a num-
ber of fine ESSEX PIGS '
November delivery. Also ,
some choice POLAND
SHOATS, March, 1904,.
farrow. $15 per pair.
Your orders solicited. All stock as represented.
L. Q. JONES, Tobaccoville, N. C.

ORCHARD HILL PUREBRED

POLAND CHINA

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B.
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR.,
a. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va.

Berkshire
;. Whites. Large

train, All ages mated
\ 'iot akin, Bred sow,
> service boars, Guern-
sey calves, Scotch
Collie pups, and Poul-
try. Write for prices
P. F. HAMILTON.
Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa.

and free circular.

Salt Pond HerJ.

DUROCJERSEYS

Homeof Paul J. 21625, Also Lulu'? Pet 40434.
Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write
forwhat you want.

S. A. WHITTAKPR, Hopcslde, Va.

HAWKSLEY STOCK FARN

Has for sale, a choice lot of

English BerKsHires Pig's

Can furnish pairs not akin. A few young
Boars ready for service; ail of the choicest
breeding. J. T. OLIVER, Prop., Allen's
Level, Va.

FURE-BRED

BERKSHIRES

for sale. 8 weeks old, at $10 per pair.
W. W. ROBINSON, Chase City, Va.

A fine 14 months old

DUROC JERSEY BOAR,

bought direct from the West, for sale.
Price, $30. H. D. LINDSEY, Rockford, N. C.

WANTED

A Registered DUROC JERSEY BOAR, not
over 8 months old. AUGUST HENNINGS,
Irwin, Va.

Mention The Southebn Planteb in
writing.

692

THE SOUTHERX PLAXTEK.

[October,

Mansfield Farm Bargains

Having Rented My Farm
Must Sell

Herd of O. I. C. Swine.

Herd Boar, Fitz Lee, No. (9210 1 O.I. C. Reed
Brood Sow, White Beauty, (921S
" " Silver Belle. ••
" " Perfection, ' 1 10043) "
" " Sensation. •• (10

•• White Wings, " (10041
All young. had second litters; good breeders;
healthy; SO head, average of S at litter. Rare
chance— for <iuick buyer.

Ypung Boar, Parker, Fitz Lee, White Beauty,
6 Young Boars, 3 Young Gilts, lot of pigs, either
sex. Bargains every one.

W. ELLIOT HAMMOND.

Goochland C. H , Va,

Star Pea Huller 120.00, nearly new, cost 8L'i f 0.
This machine Is a success — sure.

SUMMER'S WORM POWDERS

vV Sheep, Horses & Hogs

CST Fed to millions of animals
Pond

f::-

iT.d

vent further _.
popular use 25 years.
Price S lb. Pck. 50 cent.. T lb. Pek. »l.<IO.
Send for FREE catalogue of Stockmen's Supplies

F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicago,

Reg. POLAND CHINA

Boar and Sow, "Punch" and "Judy" for
sale cheap. Splendid animals. F. SELBY
FISHER. Temperanceville, Va.

AND MAMMOTH BRONZe TURKEYS

AT PARKERS PKICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, Rustburg, Va.

Woodland Farm

oflers lhe best lot of October dropped
Dorset Ram lambs which
it has ever raised.

J. E. WING & BROS.. Mechanlcsburg. 0.

ANO

DORSETS
HEREFORDS

H. ARMSTR0 G. Lantz Mills. Va.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Oreat Book for

Farmers and Stockmen.

Deliyered anywhere for - - $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

OLD MISSION PICKLE.

Two dozen large cucumbers. If
your vines have given out. use the
brined cucumber; if they are small,
put in more of them. Two dozen green
peppers; if it is hot pepper, take out
all the seed. Six dozen large onions.
Eight large heads of cabbage. Cut all
these into big pieces and sprinkle salt
through the mass; put it into a bag
and let it drip all night, squeeze the
hag the next morning and put the
vegetables into a kettle in layers, with
the following spices between: Pour
ounces of black mustard seed, four
ounces of white mustard seed, four
ounces of celery seed, six ounces of
turmeric, three-quarters of a pound of
ground mustard, two gallons of cider
vinegar, with eight pounds of sugar
dissolved in it. Pour this over the
mixture and boil until the vinegar
begins to thicken. This makes about
four gallons and a quart, and is by far
the best pickle for general use I know
of.

OXIOX PICKLE.

The very small silver skin onions
are best for this. Peel them and put
them into a brine that will bear an
egg. Let them stay in the brine for
four days. Soak them in clear water
for a day. then take them out and
weigh, and to each pound allow one-
quarter of a pound of white sugar, one
cup of vinegar, one dozen cloves, a
teaspoonful of white mustard seed, a
teaspoon of celery seed and to every
four pounds add a small pod of red
pepper. Heat the vinegar, sugar and
spices and put the onions in and let
them scald, not boil, for an hour. For
three mornings heat the vinegar and
pour it over the onions, and then tie
up and do not use for two months.

APPLE JELLY.

At this season when we are canning
and preserving apples it is well to re-
member that few things are so useful
in housekeeping as fruit jelly, and
that good jelly can be made from the
peelings and cores of many of the
fruits, especially of quinces and ap-
ples. The light colored acid apples
make the best jelly, but any kind will
do. Wash them well and chop fine;
put them into a granite kettle and
nearly cover them with water. Let
them boil all to pieces, then turn the
mass into a bag and hang it up to
drain, never pressing the bag. TVhen
it is all drained out measure the juice
and allow one pound of sugar to each
pint of juice. Heat the sugar, put the
juice on the stove and let it boil up.
skim well, and then add the heated
sugar, and let it boil hard for twenty
minutes. Sometimes it takes a little
longer, but usually jelly is made in
twenty minutes, and the less you cook
it the" better.

MIXED SALAD.

A very delightful salad is made with
cucumbers, onions and tomatoes cut in
thin slices. Soak the onions in a good
pan of water for some hours before

:-: SOME VERY FINE :-:

Red Polled

Calves, entitled to registry, for sale; also a
few very good

Poland China Pigs

whose breeding cannot be excelled. Only
one SHETLAND POXY for sale now.
ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM. SAML B.
WOODS. Propr.. Charlottesville, Va.

For Immediate Sale,

We offer the rollowing

Pure=Bred HEREFORDS:

7 bull calves and yearling 6 heifer
calves and yearlings, 3 heifer calves. 2 years
old. and PEERLESS VYILTOX. our 3 year
eld herd bull. The young stock is by such
noted sires as BEAU DOXALD and VAX, a
half brother to PRIME LAD. sweepstakes
winner. Also 2S pure bred BERKSHIRE
PIGS, both sexes, of the very choicest breed-
ing; our herd boar, DORSET LEE OF BILT-
MORE. and 2 extra fine young sows. ELK-
TOX STOCK FARM. Forest Depot, Va.

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

Shorthorn

calve> from tine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. H0QE, Hamilton, Va.

FOR SALE M EXCHANGE

ALBENSON: 6249, Standard bred
stallion II <2 hands h'gb ; weight. 1,200
lbs. Rich bay with black points
throughout.

GEO. D. WINGFIELD, Bedford City, Va.

30 ANGORA GOATS

For sale at

reasonable Prices.

Kids in Pairs.

C. H.WINE. Brandy Station. A' a

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

693

COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

FOR SALE LOW

7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS
BULLS AND HEIFERS from
6 months to 2 years old. One
bull calf half Angus and half
Short-horn. Fine Buck Lambs
out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg.
Dorset Buck. Fine family milk
cows fresh young and gentle.
One pair splendid 1200 lbs.
Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class
all round farm teams and very
good roadsters. Silver Lace
Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul-
lets at one dollar each.

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, Saxe, Va.

Aberdeen- Angus rnr Q«|n
Bull Calves ^> rUl OClIC

Born as follows: Deo. IS, 1903; Jan. 30,
1904; May 15, 1904; June 2, 1904; Aug. U,
1904. Calves will be kept with their dams
until 9 mos. old. None sold younger, and
NOT SOLD AT ALL AS BULLS, unless they
turn out good specimens of the breed.

I shall also be ready to part with my
herd bull, "ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR,"
40364, Nov. 1st. He will be 5 years old Dec.
2. 1904.

The two calves first mentioned are pure
bred and very promising youngsters, but out
of unrecorded dams; the three last are reg-
istered. I am willing to exchange "ROCK-
BRIDGE AHACTOR'' or any ..f the above calves
for a suitable herd bull, not less than 18 mos. old.
B. P. DAY, Glasgow, Va.

Angus Bull Calves

nmr> —

Scotch Collie Pups

2 Angus Bull Calves out of 15-16 Angus
Cows, sired by registered Angus Bull, $20
each f. o. b. here. 4 Collie pups, bred in
the purple, sired by Ellwyn Astrologer,
39455, imported from England at a long
price, whelped by Altonberry. Sire and dam
both good, willing workers on ducks, hogs,
sheep and cattle. Pups eligible to registry.
Angora Goats in any quantity. Address M.
S. VALENTINE, Rock Castle, Va.

ANGUS HERD BULL

FOR SALE

To prevent inbreeding, we offer our herd
bull, PAGAN, 26416; sire. BARONET NOSE-
GAY. 13S69: dam. PRINCESS ERICA OF
LINN, 10369. Pagan is 7 years old, weight.
2,000 pounds, vigorous, active, perfectly bro-
ken, an excellent sire. Address ROSE DALE
STOCK FARM . Jeffersonton, Va.

25 REGISTERED

HOLSTEIN and GRADE

Milk Cows for sale. Most of them to calve
this fall. H. W. MANSON, Crewe, Va.

making the salad. Arrange the vege-
tables in alternate layers in a bowl
with salt, pepper and a teaspoon of
salad oil between each layer. Pour
over the whole a cup of vinegar. Make
this just before the meal, as the cu-
cumbers get tough from standing.

SWEET POTATO ROLL.

Prepare the pastry as for any fruit
roll. Roll it out about half an inch
thick in a sheet. Spread over this a
layer of boiled sweet potatoes, which
have been mashed through a collendar
or sifter and seasoned with sugar,
nutmeg and cinnamon, and pour over
it melted butter; roll it up and tie it
about with a piece of white cotton
cloth, securing the ends so that the
water will not get in. Boil for an
hour and serve with a hard sauce made
of a cup of sugar, one tablespoon of
butter, and half cup of wine creamed
very light.

APPLE PIE.

Line your pie plates with rich pas-
try and fill them with sliced apples.
Make very sweet, sprinkle allspice
about in it, and put into each pie a
good handful of raisins: cover with
a top paste and cook slowly; eat hot
or cold with cream.

DELICATE CAKE.

Six cups of flour, three cups of su-
gar, three cups of milk, or half milk
and half water, half cup of butter, one
teaspoon of soda and two of cream of
tartar. Bake in a loaf and eat with
liquid sauce or fruit syrup.

CANNED APPLES.

Peel the apples and core and quarter
them: keen them covered with water.
or else they will turn brown. Put
them into a kettle with enough water
to cover, and let them come to a gentle
boil; do not stir. Let them cook just
long enough to be tender, and not fall
to pieces and fill your jars with the
fruit and then very full with the
boiling juice and screw on the tops at
once.

SWEET PICKLED CUCUMBERS.

One pound sugar, half ounce of
cloves, half ounce of mace, one pint
of apnle vinegar. Boil together and
skim. Use ripe cucumbers, peel them
and take out the seed; cut them into
strips or blocks. Boil them until near-
ly done in clear water with a small
piece of alum in it. Take them out
of the water and see that they are well
dried before you drop them into the
boiling syrup. Cantaloupes may be
prepared in the same way only they
are best if not fully ripe. Put the
pickle into glass jars and screw up
light and keep in a cool place.

CORN OMLET.

Split and score the com from six
ears. Beat three eggs separately, very
light. Stir in the corn and add a little
chopped parsley. Pour it on a hot
buttered pan and cook slowly. When
done fold and serve very hot.

Cabaven.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANQUS
CATTLE.

FOR SALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months olc, up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va.

Willow Glen Short=Horns

IN SERVICE :

The Scotch bull Knight of Oloster 192814

and

Prince Albert 206212, second prize Junior

bull calf at the l'.M3 International.

FOR SALE— Cowb, heifers and young bulls.

DR. D. fl. KIPPS, FRONT ROVAL, VA.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 158548, 1st prize aged bull at Kadford Fair,
Voung Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence invited.
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

Mention The Southern Planter in
writing.

Springwood Short-Horns

Young stock for sale, sired by Royal Chief,
No. 185432; he by Imported Royal Stamp,
Champion Bull at Ohio State Fair this year.
Spring and fall Poland China Pigs and
shoats; sired by Coler's Perfection. I will
sell this hog at a bargain. Call on or write
WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARMV_
1 horoughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

OAK-HILL FARM.

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-
TLE. BERKSHIRE, POLAND
CHINA, RED JERSEY, and TAM-
WORTH HOGS, FOR SALE

WRITE FOR PRICES,

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Station on farm)

on D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Danville, Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTON,

Wenonda, Va.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A fine lot of KEN-
TUCKY bred and bis
BLACK SPANISH
Jacks and Jennet* ;
also 1 and 2 year old
Jacks: young itock for
■ale at all time*.
Write or aee me be-
fore you buy. Come to Kentucky If yo«
want a good Jack. JOB E. WRIGHT, Junc-
tion City. Ky,

I Urinni oniTC »re handsome, hardy and
ANuUKA UUA I O profitable For large clr-
Dfl Bur address £ w! COLE & CO.. Big ditty. Ky.

694

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[October,

FARMERS a^d STOCKMEN

appreciate the value of fair and liberal treatment both in buying and sel-
ling their stock. I GUARANTEE TO PLEASE YOU IN ANYTHING
YOU MAY BUY FROM ME OR ANYTHING I MAY SELL FOR YOU..
If you have any kind of stock to sell or ship, send it to me : I GUARANTEE
HIGHEST MARKET VALUE. Commission and charges very reasonable.
STOCK and FEEDING CATTLE BOUGHT ON ORDERS, ANY KIND.
ANY WEIGHT. STOCK EWES AT ALL TIMES. EVERY CONSIGN-
MENT RECEIVES MY OWN PERSONAL ATTENTION. IF YOU WANT
TOP PRICES. SHIP YOUR STOCK TO ME AND BE CONVINCED. Best
of references from customers. Write me for any kind of stock you wish
to buy or any kind you have to sell.

ROBERT C. BRAUER, JSSiV Richmond, Va.

Long Distant-* Phone Xos. SI and 2126.

Address : P. O. Box 204.

Pens: Union Stock Yards, Ricbmond, Va.

CATALOGUES.

Peter Henderson & Co., Cortlandt
street. New York city. Autumn Cata-
logue of Bulbs and Flowers, 1904.

Peter Henderson & Co., Cortlandt
street. New York. Superior Agricul-
tural Seeds for Fall Sowing, 1904.

The Nut Nursery Co.. Monticello,
Fla. Catalogue and price list of Bud-
ded and Grafted Nut Trees.

ANGORA GOATS.
Editor Southern Planter:

I am off for St. Louis to attend the
meeting of the American Angora Goat
Association. They will doubtless have
the largest and best lot of Angora
goats ever shown before. The LJnited
States Government has offered $3,410
in cash prizes for Angoras, and all the
old ranchmen from the West write
that they will meet me in old "Saint
Loo."

The public sale will take place Oc-
tober 10th. and many fine bucks and
does will change hands at long prices.
There will be more enthusiasm stirred
up at the Angora show than for many
years past. There will be quite a va-
riety of Mohair products shown, and
rugs, Mohair braids and dress goods
will be in evidence everywhere. Will
let you hear from me when I return.

Very truly yours. M. S. Valentine.

Rock Castle, Va.

SURE REMEDY FOR WORMS.
Nothing can be more annoying than
to administer a remedy to stock for
any specific purpose only to find that
no good is accomplished, money wasted
and animals still suffering, when with
a really reliable remedy immediate re-
lief would have been given. It is sel-
dom that the articles known as "Cure-
Alls" are effective for any one par-
ticular purpose. It is the wisest to
buy a preparation made to accomplish
a certain purpose. For instance, to
eradicate worms from all kinds of ani-
mals a reliable worm powder should
be resorted to, and among these the
Summer's Worm Powders have a long
and deservedly popular reputation. F.
S. Burch & Co., Chicago, can supply
yon.

I!2§ Grove Stock Farm

I OFFfR AT RIGHT PRICES THE FOLLOWING STOCK:
One yearling HOLSTEI N-FRIESI AN BULL,
Seven BULL CALVES (same breed). 2 to 6 months old

These calves are from heavy milkers),

Hx BERKSHIRE SOWS (1 year old),
Ten BERKSHIRE SOWS (5 months old).
All of the above will be registered and transierred to the buver.

N. A W and Southern Railwavs.

T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

The Delaware Herd of

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE

herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604,

the son of the great J9.100 Prince Ho. Females at
equally cbolce breeding. Write your wants. Remem-
ber, we take personal care of our cattle; keep no high
priced belp; Incur no expense of exhibiting: all of which
enables us to offer stock at equitable prices. Send far
pamphlet.

MYER & SON, Prop., - Bridgevi I le, Del.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF

Aberdeen Angus Cattle

We are NOT particuJar'y proud of the fact that we have one of the best herds of
Angus Cattle in the South* or that we have in our herd some of the finest speci-
mens of the breed. Because we^bave been breeding Angus for yesre and of course
have had much better chance to select and breed up our herd to the point of
greatest excellence than have breeders of only a few months or years experience.

But we ARE proud of the fact that during all these years we have NEVER
heard from one of our customers who was not in every way satisfied with his \ ur-
chase and the treatment he received. We hope to continue right along this
line. Write for circulars and prices to

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. Byrdville, Va.
Depot, Fitzgerald, on D. & W. By., South-West of Danville, Va.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO.,

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.

Write for Free Catalogue.

(inc.) Richmond, Virqinia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

695

ACROBAT 68,460,

OREATEST LIVING HEREFORD SIRE.

CHIEF STOCK BULL.

Acrobat Leads

OTHERS FOLLOW.

10 head Rosemont Here-
fords sold in Dixie
Land in Sep-
tember-

REASON?

LOWEST PRICES, . .
BEST INDIVIDUALS,
BEST PEDIGREES.

Marquis of Salisbury 16th

Best Son of Imported Salisbury,
WILL SELL AT A BARGAIN.

Send for large plate picture of ACROBAT (14x18 inches), free to all who will frame it.
Send for our Herd Catalogue History of Acrobat, Pictures of Cattle, Rich Pedigees, Bull Calves
by ACROBAT; Perfection, the $9,000 champion son of the Champion Dale; Protector, prize
winner on both sides the water, imported from Herefordshire, England, cost $6,000 ; Independent,
bred at Shadeland ; Lars, Jr., son of Champion Lars, and others.

fJOur herd Cows are the best — by such noted prize-winning bulls as Dale, Crusader, Beau
Donald, Acrobat, Earl of Shadeland 22d, Corrector, Perfection, Protection, Lamplighter, March
On, Chesterfield, Conqueror, Boniface, "Well Done, Royal Flush.

Send for our Hereford History. It's free. We give you time to make payment.

The Rosemont Herd is the largest and best in the South and East.

WRITE TO-DAY TO.

ROSEMONT FARM,

In the Valley of
the Shenandoah,

Berryville, Clarke County, Va.

BILTMORE FARMS

BILTMORE, N. C.

We Have Become Headquarters for Everything We Breed.

BILTMORE JERSEYS. — The American home of the Great Golden Lads — a family that has produced
great milkers, with the best udders and show-yard records that the world has ever seen. Our bulls
are out of dams owned and tested in the Biltmore Herds, and buyers can get as near to a certainty
as is possible. Large, 52 week milk and butter records a specialty. Over four hundred in five dif-
ferent herds to select from.

BILTMORE BERKSHIRES. — No herd in the world has made as good a record. All the great Champions
of England and America have either been in service or bred here. Our yearly offerings at unreserved
auction are eagerly taken at nearly double the price of all previous records. The most successful
herds all over the States are using a Biltmore foundation.

BILTMORE POULTRY.— Only the UTILITY breeds. Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White and
Golden Wyandottes, Brown and White Leghorns, Bronze Turkeys, Pekin Ducks. Over 50 yards
of prize winners. Extra size, fine type, from fixed strains, and more prizes won at the leading shows
than all competitors together.
Also a small kennel of extra choice, Rough coated imported Scotch Collies.

696

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

CUTAWAYS.
This is the title of a neat pamphlet
issued by the Cutaway Harrow Co.,
Higganum, Conn. A full description
of their numerous sizes and styles of
Cutaway Harrows and grass-making
tools will be found in the pamphlet,
and interested parties are requested to
send for it. This company has an ad.
in another column, to which we invite
attention.

BANK OP RICHMOND.

We invite the attention of our read-
ers to the ad. of the Bank of Richmond
to be found on another page. This
concern has the largest capital of any
bank in the South Atlantic States, and
is doing a splendid business.

It solicits the accounts of farmers
and country merchants generally, and
will allow 3 per cent, interest on all
time deposits.

A PREVENTER OF CRUELTY.

It is not inhuman to deprive cattle
of their horns, and although it may
cause a few seconds' pain, as pulling a
tooth at the time of operation, still
when done with a Keystone Dehorner
neither cow nor steer seem to notice
the change. The milker will give her
usual quality and quantity with scarce
an interruption. The extra gain from
dehorning in a herd of cows or steers
will in a short time pay for a ma-
chine.

The Keystone Dehorner is a power-
ful instrument, simple in operation,
easily understood. It consists of two
knives set in two parallel slots, whose
movements are controlled by two han-
dles. The machine when open looks
like an inverted "V." and is three feet
eight inches long. The cutting knives
have four edges (two on each), and
when forced together around the base
of the horn these four exceedingly
sharp edges cut off the horn clean and
square, without haggling or mutilat-
ing the tender muscles or soft parts
near the horn. The leverage Is such
that one equals the strength of forty-
eight men on the knives when cutting.
Dr. Axford, the veterinarian, says:
"The Keystone shears them off like
cutting cheese."

Mr. M. T. Phillips, Pomeroy, Pa., the
maker of the Keystone Dehorner, has
published an excellent treatise on de-
horning. This booklet ought to be in
the hands of every owner of cattle. It
will be sent free to any one mention-
ing this paper in writing to Mr. Phil-
lips, at Pomeroy, Pa.

NO LINIMENT WAS EVER
| MADE THAT EQUALS

SLOANS

FOR HORSES AND OTHER
STOCK AND ALL FAMILY USES

It Kills Pain and Kills Germs

SPRING LITTERS.

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given
time than any other breed.

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our
great JERSEY COWS.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

POUND

CHINAS.

SKZ;

I have a limited number of Pigs by OKAY'S BIO CHIBF, 57077.

my tine Boars, Gray's Big Chief, 57077,

and Victor G, 5707o, and can furnish pairs not . kin or related to those previously
purchased. Young Boars and Sows of ail ages. Bend to headquarters and get the
best from the oldest and largest herd of l'oland-Chinns in this State at one-half
Western prices Address J. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va.

TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA

Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice
POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va

1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 697

MORVEN PARK

GUERNSEYS

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, Esq.

LARGE HERD OF FASHIONABLY BRED REG-
ISTERED ANIMALS, INCLUDING COWS IN THE
ADVANCED REGISTRY. HERD HEADED BY THE
BRILLIANTLY BRED IMPORTED BULL,

TOP NOTCH No. 9023.

The Dam of this Bull, Imported ITCHEN BEDA, took 1st prize at the "Park
Royal" Show in England in 1902, and her daughter ITCHEN BEDA II, took the
same honors in 1904: further, Imported TOP NOTCH'S Dam, ITCHEN BEDA, en-
tered the official advanced Registry of the American Guernsey Cattle Club this year
with a record FOR THE YEAR of 10642.10 lbs. of milk; 548.70 lbs. of butter fat,
equivalent to 640.15 lbs. of butter.

The Pedigree of Imported TOP NOTCH, with some of the achievements and
prizes won in the direct line of his ancestry, are given below :

TOP NOTCH, 9023, bred by Sir Henry Tichborne, of England, was sired by Rival, 1343 E, and is out of imp. Itchen Beda,
15627. His father, Rival, by Rival of Mont March, 1164, P. S., out of Clatford Gentle, 4746, E. (first prize English Royal,
B. & W. E. and Royal C, 1000). His mother, Itchen Beda, 15627 (see record above); she by Loyal of Hunguets, 978, P. S.
(first prive. 1896. second prize, 1898): sire of Itchen Lady, Hayes Lily du Preel. His extended pedigree Is impossible in this
space, but will be furnished if desired. It goes back to winners of the Queen's prizes, as well as to members of her late
Majesty's Prize Herd. .__-._3S^BMl

MORVEN PARK is situated in Loudoun County, Virginia, and because of its
climate and soil is peculiarly adapted to the production of the highest class of animal
life, and particularly to supply the needs of Southern breeders of pedigreed cattle. (3g3§

REGISTERED and TUBERCULIN TESTED animals for sale, including a fine
lot of BULL CALVES at reasonable prices.

For further particulars, Address

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK,

LEESBURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

69S

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October.

NOTES FROM MONTANA.
The little town of Harlem is a great
hay centre. It has about 20.000 acres
under irrigation, and practically the
entire acreage is in hay. the splendid
blue joint grass, yielding from two to
three and a half tons per acre. This
hay is being sold in the stack this
year for $10 a ton. so that many farm-
ers will have a good bank account.
Much of the hay is baled and shipped
to adjacent towns, where it is winter
fed to sheep and cattle for Eastern
markets. A single pile of baled hay
near the station contains two thou-
sand tons.

At this point is situated the Fort
Belknap Indian Reservation. Major W.
R. Logan. Agent. The Government
has provided the Gros Ventres and As-
siniboine Indians here located with a
$40,000 irrigation canal, and in this
case, at least, irrigation seems to be
solving the Indian problem. Each
adult has 40 acres of watered land, and
the right in addition to range his cat-
tle and ponies over the reservation,
comprising 570.000 acres, and entirely
fenced. The Indians own their stock,
pay for and put up their fences, buy
their tents, blankets, and. in fact, every
necessity the same as anybody would,
the agent simply acting as selling
agent, with goods furnished at gov-
ernment cost, plus freight. There are
some 3.300 Indians, and instead of over
a thousand of them being supported
by government rations, within the last
two years all but about one hundred
of the eld Indians have become self-
supporting. Major Logan tells me
that the Indians are better off. and
probably more contented and happier
than they ever were under wild con-
ditions. The men are natural herds-
men mo fine riders. The women tan
cowhide as soft as buckskin and make
moccasins of it. decorating it with
beadwork. They also tan young steer
hides with the hair on. making hand-
some rugs. With the cold Montana
winter*, the steer's coat becomes a
thick, fluffy fur. They also make
warni mittens with "the fur inside."
like Hiawatha's.

Instead of burying their dead, the
Indians place them upon high hills
overlooking th? valley. Where possi-
ble, they put the body in a box or case,
otherwise they simply tie it up in the
dead man's blanket along with his
personal belongings — knives, belts, etc..
and lay it on the ground in these fam-
ily cemeteries. I passed five or six of
these ir. a short drive across the reser-
vation. Some of the blankets and
coverings had rolled away and skulls
and bones were exposed, bleaching
white.

This reservation will ultimately be
opened to settlement. As the Indians
become exrert farmers, sufficient lands
will be allotted to them— their pick
of the reservation — enough for their

<&frmmti

2.50.000 IN USE

IFYOUJffiE
LOOKING,

FORTHEBEST

Carriage and Sleigh Heater USE a celebrated

LEHMAN HEATER.

Thev are universale known and recognized as the STANDARD car-
riage, wagon and sleigh heater. J^-_'50.1(j0 LEHMAN HEATERS are in I
ectual use; they burn LEHMAN COAL, f om which there is no smoke. [
sniell nor danger of fire, and can be operated :it a cost of two cents per da\ .

LEHMAN HEATER^ are in use by Horsemen. Farmers and the |
Medical Profession everywhere. Have you one?

They are for sale by first-class carriage, harness and hardware dealers.
Write for booklet telling more about them, mentioning Southern Planter.
LEHMAN BROS.. .Tfrs, 10 Bond St., New York.
J. W. ERRINQER, Gen. West. Sales Agent, 45 E. Congress St. Chicago.

FOR SALE.
10 Registered Jersey Heifers

Due to calve this fall and winter.

Several Registered HEIFER CALVES, four months old, at
$25 each, if taken this month, and a few BULL CALVES at
farmers' prices.

Also several GUERNSEV BULL CALVES. BERKSHIRE
BOARS, SOWS andPIGS.

Two grand guard Dogs (Danes), 6 months old, at $2o each.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

WERTZ' NURSERIES.
In placing their ad. for the season,
the Wertz Nurseries take occasion to
advise us that their stock is now plant-
ed on new land, which has never be-
fore had trees upon it. They are.
therefore, in a position to furnish
stock absolutely free from disease and
first class in every respect. Prices are
ranging somewhat higher this season,
but this nursery will fill all orders at
their last catalogue prices as long as
such stock lasts.

A FINE

Jersey Bull

for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1
yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled
to registry. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill
Farm, Manassas, Va.

THE WoODSIDE HERD

FOR SALE;

erandlv ored-

JERSEY BULLS,

1 year old. For prices and descrip-
tion, address.

DAVID ROBERTS, Hoorestown, N.J.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Ha* I r sale a large num-
ber of nice voung regis-,
tered A. J. C. C

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

jlwmJ&

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to I months old, S3S:
Heifers, same age. JJS. POLAND CHINA
PIOS. 16 each. Send check and get what
yon want.

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop., Bsttleboro. N. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

699

farming and stock grazing, and the
balance will be thrown open.

A number of squaw men are found
on the reservation, white men who
have married Indians, and thus are
allowed to live on the reservation
through their wives' rights.

These Gros Ventres and Assiniboine
Indians are honest, said the reserva-
tion doctor, C. L. Woods, to me. They
will steal absolutely nothing unless it
be a picket rope, and this is a failing
of all Indians. There is no more use
trying to keep an Indian from taking a
picket rope than there is trying to
make a darkey keep his hands off a
watermelon. They are pretty good
workers, too.

I asked one young Indian, whose
broncho was dancing around with him
as though there was a burr under the
saddle, if there were deer in the moun-
tains. Oh; yes, he answered, in good
English; but I am too busy to go and
hunt them.

The trials of the beef consumer of
the East are not found in fhis stock
country. Little country hotels, corre-
sponding to the Eastern inn, where the
enterprising cook can be heard half
an hour before meals vigorously pound-
ing the steak, furnish porterhouse and
tenderloins which melt in your mouth,
tender and juicy — a dream of luxury
and plutocracy.

l***»-»-^«..--'-»-'-»-'-»-*»--.-.-.-.-.»-'g» :*■».».»-■

FREE! TREE!

"HOGOLOGY"

Latest Revised Edition.

There is nothing so cheap as something valu-
able, that is yours tor the asking, and that will
make and save you hundreds of dollars in time.
YOU WILL MAKE NO MISTAKE in getting a copy of
losing the advice given therein.
Planter when asking for it.

if this

of th

CASH FORAlLYKAT DIE

WRITE FOR PL/^N

'ftEFERF.NCf.-ANY BANK

Oft MERCANTILE AGENCY.

TRADE'MABR

Hogology" at one-
It will be sent FREE if you mention

$1,000 Reward I

is the only book of the kiDd

3 not the best hog book out. It was the first book
kind ever issued for gratuitous distribution, the
first edition having issued more than 20 years ago, and it
only book of the kind devoted exclusively to the hog. and written by a veteri-
nary and swine specialist. The last edition is just from the printer, and is down to
date, practical and profitable hog-raising as found in an experience of more than SO

I PAY FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE

when my Remedy is fed as a preventive. Full particulars regarding this insurance
proposition in "Hogology." It is the oldest hog remedy on the market, as well as the
most successful, and is used by thousands of the leading breeders and feeders through-
out the hog-raising world.

Twenty-five pound can, $12.50: 12Vs lb. can, $6.50, prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25
and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS. V. S-. Indianapolis. Ind.

mm

I was invited to a cattle round-up
by a man who is the head of a big live
stock company. He has just leased
275.000 acres from the Canadian Gov-
ernment at one and a quarter cents an
acre annually. This is not so ridicu-
lously cheap as it seems when it is
learned that it takes 40 acres to sup-
port a steer. The intention of the
company is to winter feed the tender
yearlings, and let the herd run loose
and shift for itself during the year, in
this northern climate, the most cruel
and inhuman practice imaginable. The
Montana and Canadian stockman who
carries his ten or twenty thousand
herd without providing winter shelter
and feed in this rigorous and snowy
climate is a brute. He figures him-
self most lucky if he gets off with ten
or fifteen per cent, loss from starva-
tion and freezing. Cattle cannot paw,
and in case of heavy snow and bliz-
zards, with the mercury 30 and 40 de-
grees below zero (as it goes every
year), they gradually starve and then
freeze to death. Even those which
pull through and live suffer terribly—
the most wholesale and wanton cruelty
in the United States. Pastoral life in
Montana. Wyoming and other cold
States, as practiced by the big stock
men, who are too unthrifty to irrigate
some land and raise hay for winter
feed, is an avocation to damn a man's
soul for eternity. May the day come
speedily when this class of stock grow
ing shall be driven out by the small

POLAN D CHINAS

I ba^e now for sale a choice iot of pigs, boars
ready for service, one bred sows. Every hog or
pig in this offering is either registered or eligible
to registry aod most of them are closely related to
an Hh hogs or Ideal Sunshine, Great Chief Tecum-
seh, Royal Racket and Anderson's Model- All
stock guaranteed as represented or may be re-
turned at my expense. Also a few Short Horn
Calves. Farmers prices.

J. P. DURRE ! "Th. Birdwood, Albemarle Co , Va.

Registered

Poland Cninas.

Some choice pigs, beauties of the best blood
this country affords. Also some fine boars
ready for service. Stock guaranteed as rep-
resented. Prices low for such quality of
stock. W. M. JONES, Crofton, Va.

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS, $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, "Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country uml town, private

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALflER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary.

CHARTERED 1870.

Merchants National Bank,

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Capital, $200,000.00.

Surplus, $500,000.00.

Undivided Profits, .... $171,00000.

Depository of the United States. State of Virginia. City of Richmond.

Being the largest depository for baDks between Baltimore and New Orleans,
we offer superior facilities for direct and quick collections. Accounts solicited.

TOHN P BRANCH Pres. JOHN K, BRANCH, Vice-Pres. JOHN F. GLKNN, Cashier.

JOHN 1-. A^,1Jant-CBahle„. j. R. PERDUE, THOS. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEK8EE.

Three Per Cent. Interest Allowed in Savings Department.

700

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[October,

ANGORA BUCKS

We offer the grandest lot of kid bucks in the South for $15.00 each. You couldn't pick
Angoras of the same class out of a herd in the West for that figure. We also have a FEW
YEARLINGS to 3 YEARS OLD for $18.00 each. (40) FORTY BUCKS TO PICK FROM.
The Times Dispatch of August 28th (Sunday Issue) says of our goats : "This ranch will become
one of the largest of its kind east of the Mississippi. Their line of bucks is descended from
early importations from Turkey, while their California bred bucks are as fine as any in the land.
The Mohair sheared from these bucks is of the $1.00 to $2.00 per lb. variety and their Angora
does are unsurpassed. Send \is your order or come to see \is

"DIAMOND V" ANGORA RANCH, Rock Castle, Virginia.

farmer, who runs his animals on the
open range in the warm weather, the
while irrigating his alfalfa fields to
supply a nutritious and profitable win-
ter feed.

I have suspended writing to go out
and help load a couple of cars of
horses. The government regulates the
shipment of live stock by water, pro-
viding for its comfort and against
overcrowding; it should likewise over-
see the shipment of live stock by rail-
road. I assisted in the loading of two
carloads of horses, mares and colts.
The first load consisted of 40 animals
crowded into a 36 foot car. The ani-
mals were pushed and beaten into the
limited space until a number of the
colts and weaker animals were down
and all were packed in like sardines.
The next car, 40 feet, was loaded with
only 29 animals. Quite a difference!
The shipper was Mr. French, trader
at the Fort Belknap Indian Agency.
The other man was apparently
ashamed to mention his name. After
Mr. French had loaded his stock, am-
ply provided with feed to carry them
through, the unknown was prevailed
upon to take out some of his stock.
The car was therefore willingly push-
ed back by the neighbors, though it
was near midnight, and after much
trouble six horses were gotten out.
though even this did not give the re
maining animals sufficient room to
warrant them comfortable transporta-
tion; nevertheless it probably prevent-
ed the crushing and smothering of sev-
eral colts and the breaking of the legs
of as many horses.

But such crowding of stock should
not be practiced. The cry of panic-
stricken horses, jammed against one
another and being trodden down by

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the \ EKY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered. Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor ol the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreaton, N. C

BLUE=BLOODED BERKSHIRES.

The grand brood sows GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE, No. 66136, and CARAMEL, No.
64085, have farrowed; these pigs were sired by the great boar, COLUMBIA, No. 60527.
CARAMEL 2D. No. 75516, has farrowed a litter by a son of the celebrated boar, MANOR
FAVORITE. The above were all large litters of very fine pigs.

The head of this herd is COLUMBIA, No. 60527, an imported son of the celebrated
FIRST CATCH E., and he Is practically a full brother to the sire of the celebrated
Manor Favorite. Columbia, we think, is one of the best boars in the United States.

Georgia's Highclere Is a grand sow, and would be very hard to beat if in show ring
condition: she is of the best Highclere breeding; Caramel is an imported granddaughter
of the celebrated Loyal Berks. She is an extra fine brood sow; Caramel 2d was import-
ed in her dam. She has 37% per cent, of the blood of Loyal Berks.

Here Is the place to get the blood of the most fashionably bred Berkshire families —
viz., the Highcleres. First Catch F.. Loyal Berks and Manor Favorite. For further in-
formation and prices address A. H. HODGSON, Athens, Ga., or F. M. HODGSON,
West End, Va.

HILL TOP STOCK FARM.

Having decided to close out my thorough-
bred stock of

BerKsKire Hogs

I will sell at great bargain, if sold at once, my entire herd.
I have several first class bred sows, as many boars and a number
of pigs, twelve weeks old, weighing 100 pounds.

Write immediately if you want any of them. This advertisement will
appear but once. s BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

Southern Planttr.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

701

EXTRAORDINARY BERKSHIRE SALE

RARE OPPORTUNITY TO ACQUIRE
Foundation Stock!

DUNTREATH STOCK FARfl, to avoid inbreeding and to make room for other stock, offers to breeders the following
choice Animals :

HIGHCLERE LUSTRE CARLISLE," a young Boar, farrowed June 4th 1603, and as finely bred as any
Berkshire living, will be a grand addition to any herd. Registered in records of both the American and National Associa-
tions. For description and pedigree see page 4b, center column, January issue of THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

Price: S15U.O0 crated, f. o. b. Richmond.

ALSO, tour choice young brood sows: "Criselda III," "Mona Del Rey," "Lady Salada of Duntreath" and "River
King's Matchless," all splendid animals of the very best blood lines, and tested, and all registered in Records of National
Association. Will sell open, or bred to one of Duntreath Herd Boars. Price: Each $40.00 open or $50.00 bred, crated,
f. o. b. Richmond

And Also, Eleven choice Boar Pigs ("no sows), about four months old, at $10.00 each, crated, f o. b. Richmond.

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM. Richmond. Virginia.

the stronger ones is a terrifying sound,
which carries an almost human appeal.
Gut E. Mitchfix.

VALUE OF CONFEDERATE MONEY.

That Confederate money was never
taken seriously is well illustrated in
the following story told by the late
General John B. Gordon, and which,
as far as can be ascertained, has never
appeared in print:

One day during a temporary cessa-
tion of hostilities between the oppos-
ing forces a tall, strapping Yankee
rode into the Confederate camp on a
sorry-looking old horse to effect a
trade for some tobacco.

"Hullo, Yank!" hailed one of a num-
ber of Confederate soldiers lolling
about on the grass in front of a tent,
"that's a right smart horse youall got
there."

"Think so?" returned the Yank.

"Yes; what'll you take for him?"

"Oh, I don't know."

"Well. I'll give you seven thousand
dollars for him," bantered the Con-
federate.

"You go to blazes!" indignantly re-
turned the Yank; "I've just paid ten
thousand dollars of your money to
have him curried." — John Ed. Quinn,
in October Lippincott's.

Mr. Murray Boocock, of Castalia
Farm, writes us that he has sold Mar-
quis of Salisbury 25th, the splendid
young Hereford bull advertised in our
last issue. He does not, we are glad
to say, leave the State, having been
sold into Essex county, Va.

NO KINSHIP.

Congressman James Hamilton Lewis,
of Chicago, is the politest man in the
country. When in Seattle, one night
after making a fiery speech he was
coming down the aisle bowing right
and left when he discovered an elderly
colored woman. "Why good evening,
mammy." the Colonel saiu.

His speech hadn't pleased her, so
she replied: "Look here, sah, I is not
yo' mammy; you ain't nothin' but jes'
poor white trash!" — October Woman's
Home Companion.

6LENBURN
FARM

BERKSHIRES

This herd Is composed of four royally bred,
Imported sows, and an Imported boar from
the celebrated herds of Mr. Frlcker and Mr.
Hudson, England, and selected American
bred animals from Biltmore and other noted
herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Importer and
Breeder, Roanoke, Va.

THE - OAKS - STOCH - FARM.
A. W. HaRVUN, Jr.. Treasurer State of
Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va.

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS of

kw ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

for less money than any firm In the South, qual-
ity considered. Every pig shipped possesses
Individual merit Ped'igree furnished with all
stock. Kill or sell your vcrubs and buy hogs
that will pay. Forprlcesand description, addresB
ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr., Lexington, Va.

2.5 Tons of CKoice Timothy Hay For Sale.

Large English Berkshires.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville, Va

BERKSHIRES! ^ ^ BERKSHIRES!

The following up-to-date stockmen thlnkmy ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the
world can show. I could print thousands ofthe same opinion, but I take only one from
each State: »»«.»■•

P. H. Rudd Mariners Harbor. N. Y. : Col.
F. C. Goldbor'ough. Easton, Md. ; J. M. Ven-
able, Farmvllle, Va. ; Edgar Long, Orabam,
N. C: John C. McAfee, Chester, S. C;
Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Tenn. ; President
Bowdrle Phlnizy, Augusta, Ga.; R. C. Mc-
Klnney, Basslnger, Fla. : General Thos. T.
Munford. Unlontown. Ala.: W. W. Cornellua,
Blue Springs. Miss.: J. If. Gann, Varnada,
La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Texas; D. O.
Lester. Hatfield, Ark.

Take no risk; confer with thess people,
and order direct from the veteran breeder.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Slock Farm, Lexington, Virginia.

Five car loads bright Timothy Hay for sale, cheap.

702

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[October,

TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESEN-
TATION.

In the old days in Vermont many of
the towns were without facilities for
carrying their dead from their earthly
habitations to the burying-ground.
Therefore the good people went from
house to house soliciting contributions
for the purchase of a town hearse. It
was a difficult matter to raise the ne-
cessary forty or fifty dollars, but in the
town of R. it was finally accomplished.
At each recurring funeral different
farmers loaned horses to draw the
hearse.

In the course of time the old hearse
came to the end of its labors, even as
those whom it had carried to the little
burying-ground had come to the end
of their labors. The subscription com-
mittee made a second canvass of the
town, and visited an old farmer who
had contributed towards the first
hearse and laid before him the neces-
sity of a second hearse. Old Gray-
beard regarded them narrowly, and
then said with determination:

"Me and my family ain't never had
no use of t'other hearse, and I don't
calcerlate ter pay out a dern cent
more." — Florence Gilman McCollom,
in October Lippincott's.

URY STOCK FARM HERD OF-

j**. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS^-^

DE KOL 2D BUTTER BOT 3D No. 2 heads our herd; his breeding and Individual
excellence are second to none. A few COWS. YOUNG BULLS and HEIFERS from our
| best cows, for sale. All the leading families represented.

ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs by Bnch Boars as MANOR FAITHFUL, Imp.; wt. 1100
lbs.; FANCY DUKE, a double grandson of LOYAL BERKS: ESAU PRINCESS OF FIL-
STON. by ESAU, Imp. THOS. FASSITT ft SONS, Sylmar, Md.

SETS1
SETS!

SAVES 40 PER CENT. OF FEED
BILL.
Theological Seminary. Va..

September 5. 1904.
Jos. Haas. V. S.. Indianapolis. Ind.:

Dear Sir. — Please find enclosed re-
mittance for which kindly send me
more of your remedy. I have been
feeding it according to directions for
the last six months, and find it does
all you claim. There is cholera in my
neighborhood, but my hogs have not
been affected, and I do not fear trouble
as long as I feed your remedy and fol-
low your instructions. Since begin-
ning to feed your remedy my feed bill
has been 40 per cent, less than for-
merly and my hogs look much better.
Yours truly.

S. Cooper Dawson.

EDGEW00D STOCK FARM ggg

We have sold all the Dorset* oflered. We wish to thank our friends and
patrons for their kind words. Our one object Is to please, and we strlre to
make our flock better every year. Our Ewts this summer were selected by
one of us from the best English nocks, and tbey are bred to the best rams In
England We will book your orders now for fall Lambs from these and
other Ewes.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton. Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx

x QSMONT DORSETS 8

x X

X CISMONT STOCK FARM oflers well developed young ^

"W Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. \f

X Pricei Reasonable. 6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. S

XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX

CATTLE STANCHIONS.
In extending his advertisement for
another term. Mr. Wallace B. Crumb.
Foreslville. Conn., sends us a descrip-
tive pamphlet of the Warriner Patent
Chain Hanging Cattle Stanchion.
This neat and useful device should ap-
peal to all dairymen or farmers who
have cattle to house. Look up the ad.
elsewhere and send for a copy of the
pamphlet.

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hoes

Bacon Hall Farm.

REGISTERED- ALL ACES.

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. OILLET & SON,

unn)iini;;i;iiiiii!ig

Glencoe, flaryland.
■

THE OUAXTITY HE WANTED.

An Irishman, meeting another one
holiday, invited him to the nearest
saloon to have a drink.

"What'll ye have, Jim?" said the
host.

"I don't know. What are ye going
to take?"

"I think I'll take a pale ale."

"All right," said the other, "give
me a pail too." — October Lippincott's.

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Young stock for sale. Inquiries
cheerfully answered.

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms,

Berryville, Virginia.

PRISCK RfPEBT. 79UB.

. . . Strawberry Plants...

#

All the standard sorts, from earliest to latest, after Sept. 1st, at 50 cts.
per 100, or $3 per 1,000. Catalogue on application.

J. B. W ATKINS &i DRO., - Hallsboro, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

703

SOME MORE HEREFORD TALK.

When I made up mind to raise pure bred cattle, I could have just as easily taken up some other
breed instead of Herefords. But such a course would have been against my judgment as to the kind of

cattle this section needed. In
I have backed my opinion, with
and more convinced that I am
what suits their needs and their
hoof can beat a Hereford finding
is one reason why every South
bred Hereford Bull to breed to
have to sell his calves at $5. I
BURY Bulls will stamp a "Salis
"Salisbury frame" (one on which
of beef) to almost every calf. If
supply what the market wants,
marbled sort found only on a
blocky, velvet skin Hereford
My present offering of BULLS.

IMPORTED SALISBURY 76059.

establishing the Castalia Herd,
my time and money. I am more
selling Southern farmers exactly
thin pastures. No animal on
his own living in the field. This
ern farmer should have a pure
his native cows. You wouldn't
undertake to say my SALIS-
bury Face" on and impart a
you can put from 12 to 1500 lbs.
you wish to raise beef, you must
and that is the nice, mellow,
smooth, straight back, deep body,
carcass.
BULL CALVES, YEARLINGS,

COWS and HEIFERS, bred and unbred, is the best that I ever had, and cannot be beaten on the Con-
tinent. If interested parties will come to Castalia and inspect them, they will be astonished at the quality
of stock I am selling for such low prices. Come or write at once, as you may not have another such
opportunity for years.

MURRAY BOOCOCK, Castalia, Keswick, Alb. Co., Va.

Eggs for hatchTnG

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

** ** ^s now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^ ^
^ ^ poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^ *^

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS,

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE,
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS.

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop.,

Staunton, Va

704

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

RETORT COURTEOUS.

Pett Ridge, the London journalist
and author, is of the opinion that the
keenest repartee, after all. is that half-
unconscious sort which springs so
whole-heartedly from the masses, and
here is a story he tells in support of
his theory:

A woman who had been selling fish
entered an omnibus with the empty
basket on her arm still giving forth
an unmistakable odor of the finny
folk it had carried. She took a vacant
seat next a young "gentleman," who
drew his coat-tails away and plainly
showed his disgust.

"I s'pose," remarked the woman pres
ently, "that you'd rather there was a
gentleman sittin' beside you?"

"Yes, I would," was tie prompt re-
ply.

There was a moment's pause, and
then came, "So would I." — W. J. Price,
in October Lippincott's.

THE CEDARS POULTRY & STOCK
FARM.

We acknowledge receipt of circulars
from the Cedars Poultry & Stock
Farm, Midlothian, Va. This farm is
a regular advertiser of ours, and
breeds only the best in everything.

Jersey cattle, Duroc Jersey Swine,
English Setters. Beagle Hounds, Ply-
mouth Rock fowls and Mammoth
Bronze Turkeys, all registered and
pure bred, are regularly for sale at
this farm.

NO CHANCE TO LEARN.

The family was planning at the
breakfast table to attend, later in the
day, the funeral of a deceased neigh-
tor, but Isabel, aged six, was, very
much to her distress, to be left at
home.

"But I've never been to a funeral,"
the little girl pleaded. "I want to go
to one just dreadfully."

"Never mind, Sis," said the little
maid's borther. consolingly, "perhaps
you can go to your own some day."

"Well," flashed Isabel, indignantly,
"if I don't have a little practice I
shan't know how to behave even at
that one." — October Lippincott's.

MR. WHITE AS SUPERINTENDENT.
We are glad to note that Mr. F. B.
White, the well known advertising
man, has been appointed superinten-
dent of the Incubator Show, which will
be held at the World's Fair from Oc-
tober 21st to November 25th. In addi-
tion to having long been connected and
identified with the poultry interest of
the country, Mr. White is president of
White's Class Advertising Co., Chicago.

Bessie, inspecting a new arrange-
ment of Nannie's hair, observed: "Nan-
nie, you don't look like yourself with
your hair that way. But" (admir-
ingly) "you look better when you don't
look like yourself than when you do."
— October Lippincott's.

Save Half in Fruit Trees

By Buying Direct from Nursery
Without Profit to Agents.

Choicest stock of Fruit Trees In the country.
All the large, Improved Peaches affording lus-
cious fruit from May to November. All the
saperb apples and pears covering the whole year.
Mammoth delicious plums, cherries, grapes, figs,
asparagus, rhubarb, etc. Largest shippers of

STRAWBERRY PLANTS in the world.
All trees, etc., delivered FREE. 130 page
manual, telling how to grow all kinds of
Fruit, Free to buyers.

Write now for catalogue for fall planting. Mention this paper.
CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Klttrcl I, N. O.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

— WE ABE GBOWEBS AND OFFER A FINE ASSOBTMENT OF

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA-
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im-
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. WATKIN5 & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

Why don't you kill ticks on your
cattle ami sheep, lice on all an-
imals, by dipping or washing the
animals with a first-clafs, non-

* poisonous tar carbolic creosote dip? And when you purchase, save 20 to 25
g per cent, in price by ordeiing MINOR'S FLUID of •

* —A. L. FRENCH^ =

J Southern Agent, Byrd ville, Va. Prop. Sunny Home Angus Herd.

S WARRANTED ONE OF THE BEST.

Farquhar Pea Huller No. I

Hulls all kinds of peas
and beans from the
pods. Cleans them
thoroughly v, I tli on.
or cracking.
Kot an experiment or

a cheap machine made
Just to Bell, 1'iit a good ,

..lid.

i^atr

tlal.

money making and la-
in-, r *a\ Lng device. J apt
Whatever? fannerwho
raises peas or heanH.no
matter now pmali the
quantity, want*. Yon
cannot afford to be
than save red Che cost

Thousands of testimonials.

FARQUHAR
Pea Vine Thresher and Shredder No. 5
Can be run with 8 to is H.P. engine. Threshes and

cleans :tll kinds of [■< as a;id Uvans from the vinet»,
and rihn-ds i he vnie>. Makes valuable shredded
hay and turns the vines mto uu>'i"v thai would
otherwise be wasted. Shells corn from theearand
shreds the fodder. <>nlv perfect machine made.
Don't cut or Miw.hu* shreds the fodder without
r.n-M sharped ire-; !., piakr the ear t h "s month

Shred.lmi: is done wirti a double evhnder.'Maehiii'
18 strong, substantial and well-made throughout
■ial discounts to Introduce the first machine In each locality. Write for particulars and catalogue
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., YORK, PA.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

705

Famous Tornado Ensilage Gutter and Improved Blower

Theonly positively safe and durable,
as well as efficient, blower ever produc-
ed. Fully guaranteed in every respect.
Note carefully the direct transmission
of belt power All short belts and con-
nections eliminated. No slipping of
belt or loss of power possible at the
critical periods or when full fed. Will

successfully and satisfactorily elevate to any reasonable height, and do it with the least power of any on the market.
Catalogue and information free for the asking Ask for it

ManufacturedbY W p HARRISON & CO. M ASSI LLON, OHIO.

The Only Complete Drill.

Hoe, Disc

or Shoe
Fertilizer

And Plain Drills.

America's 20th Century Line,
FETZER 6l CO.

Capital. $1,000,000.

Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A.

Factory established 1S58.
Write for Booklet S.

Always

<So CONVEN/ENT.

(patented )

LONG/TUD/NAL LEVER OUT^OF

THE WAY.
SET on
THE HOPPER

& OPERATE ^^^^"^rV &

IT.

Better than a seat.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the Southebn Planteb.

706

THE SOUTHEKX PLANTER.

[October,

THE EVERLASTING TUBULAR

Also manufacturer .of
Farm Wagon
Doubletrees,
NecK Yohes
and Singletrees

STEEL PLOW DOUBLETREES

d for our No. 8
Catalogue forl904

Contains everything of

PATTERN No. 105 EQUIPPED "WITH FORGED TRIMMINGS.

Guaranteed not to break or bend. Furnished with rings or hooks for trace attachment. Sample orders sent to responsible parties on trial.

Pittsburg Tubular Steel Whiffletree Company, manufacturers Pittsburg, Pa,

AX EARLIER GENERATION.

A Russian immigrant of tender age
was being registered in a down-town
Philadelphia school. The teacher ques-
tioned, "What is your name?"

"Katinka." replied the child.

"And your father's name?"

"I newer hat one," came the quick
response.

"Then tell me your mother's name,"
again said the teacher, kindly.

"I newer hat no mudder neither,"
answered the little child, seriously.
"I was born off my gran'mudder." —
October Lippincott.

THE LEHMAN HEATER.
We take pleasure in calling attention
to the ad. of Lehman Bros, in another
column. For several seasons this firm
has advertised its Lehman Heater,
which is a very useful device for heat-
ing sleighs and buggies, and can even
be used at home with considerable
comfort. It will be found to add great
comfort and pleasure to a long drive,
as it retains its heat for a number of
hours and the fuel it burns — Lehman
coal — creates neither smoke nor odor,
and costs only 2c. an hour. The manu-
facturers guarantee that there is abso-
lutely no danger from fire in using it.
The popularity of the little device is
attested by the fact that there are up-
wards of 25,000 of them now in use.

TOO MANY QUESTIONS.

The fallacy of asking too many
questions is generally followed by
much embarrassment.

I was stopping at a large hotel, and
one day as I came out and took my hat
from the hands of the hat-keeper I
said to him:

"How do you know that is my hat?"

"I don't know it, suh." said the boy.

"Then why do you give it to me?" I
insisted.

"Because." replied the boy, "you gave
it to me!" — October Lippincott's.

A SUGGESTION.
Perhaps to mansions in the sky

More folks would read their titles
clear,
If it were not it takes such work

To simply pay the rent down here.
— McLandburgh Wilson, in October
Lippincott's.

Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac R. R.

======^=== AND z^=^=^===^=

Washington Southern Railway

The Double-Track Link connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
Pennsylvania Railroad
Seaboard Air Line Railway
Southern Railway

between ALL POINTS
Via RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

THE GATEWAY BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH
^ FAST MAIL, PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROUTE ^
OVER FIFTY MILES OF THE SECOND TRACK ALREADY IN SERVICE

U. S. Government

Stamp of Approval

On the Work of the Undesirgned.

CONTRACT AWARDED FOR

12 Charter Gasoline Engines,

] All to be installed in

7 lu,0U0 Gallon Tanks and Towers, I thirty days on the old

12 Artesian Wells,
9 Miles of Pipe.

Manassas (Bull Run)
battlefield.

If we can satisfy Uncle Sam we can satisfy you.

SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., Incorporated,

Box 949, RICHriOND, VA.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the

SOUTHEftK PlAlfTDL

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

707

iOO<H}0O0O<H>0a{H»<HSaO<HXHKH^^

THISTLE

LAIDLAW'S.

BRAND

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-Ib. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

Established by THD f A I il -WATT C Ci MANFRED CALL,

GEO. WATT, 1840. I 1 I I-rf VALU- VV /\ 1 1 W., Gen'l. Manager.

Implements, Machinery and Vehicles.

PORTABLE EVAPORATOR,
With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans.

THREE-ROLL CANE MILL.

DISC AND HOE GRAIN AND FER-
TILIZER DRILLS,
Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib-
utors.

Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea Hullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills,
Grinding Mills, Plows and Plow Repairs of all kinds, Corn Shellers, Wheat Fans.

We solicit .nquirlei tor .nythlng dMlred. ^g 1 5th Street, "" """ ,n" C"y R I C H M ON D, VA.

708

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[October,

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,

DIVISION OF PUBLICATIONS.

Washington D. C, Sept. 15, 1904.

IEBIOATION IN NOBTHEBN ITALY.

Irrigation has been practiced in this
country little more than fifty years,
while in Italy it has been practiced
for more than five hundred years. It
is, therefore, natural that Italian ex-
perience should be able to show much
of value to American irrigators. For
the purpose of determining what could
be learned in that country which could
be applied to our own problems, Dr.
Elwood Mead, Chief of Irrigation and
Drainage Investigations of the Office
of Experiment Stations, U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture, spent the sum-
mer of 1903 in the valley of the Po.
A partial report of Dr. Mead's obser-
vations has just been issued by the De-
partment of Agriculture as Bulletin
144 of the Office of Experiment Sta-
tions. No attempt was made to make
this an exhaustive monograph upon
irrigation in northern Italy, but the
study was made solely from the stand-
point of obtaining suggestions for
American irrigation practice.

Contrary to a very common opinion,
the valley of the Po is not an arid re-
gion. The annual rainfall at Milan,
the chief city of Lombardy, is more
than 40 inches, greater than that of
Cincinnati, Ohio, or Omaha, Neb., both]
of which are situated in regions where |
irrigation is seldom considered in con
nection with agriculture. The climate
of Lombardy is not different from that
of the Mississippi Valley, and the crops
raised, with few exceptions, are the
same. Notwithstanding this large
rainfall and the fact that crops can be
successfully raised without irrigation,
the plains of Lombardy are a network
of canals and drains. To secure the
construction of one of these canals, the
city of Milan gave a bonus of $400,000.
This canal cost $6,000,000, or $37.50 for
each acre of land that can be served
by it. It supplies water to 8,000 farm-
ers, who pay from one to two dollars
per acre per year for water. Some of
this land supports as many as 800 peo-
ple per square mile, and has increased
in value since the building of the
canal from 00 to 100 per cent., land
which formerly sold for $100 being
worth from $160 to $200 per acre.

Under the Vettabbia Canal which
uses the sewerage from Milan, mead-
ows yield an annual crop worth $300
per acre. Some of the fields have been
used for meadows continuously for 700
years. Annual rentals for these lands
are more than $25 per acre. Sewerage
has been used on these fields for cen-
turies without injury to the lands or
to the healthfulness of the community.
This great rise in land values and in-
crease in productivity of lands, due to
irrigation, in a region with a rainfall
equal to that of the southern half of
the Mississippi Valley and a climate
not more favorable to crop production,
leads to the conclusion that In irriga-
tion this section has a means of at

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting
it with our^^MMHHk

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2 -J- squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
- Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and ColumbuB;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT -gSEr&ES" ROUTE.

To gTAUNJfON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PKTKR Bl/RG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Qen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

709

SAFE, PRIVATE, Letters, Deeds, Valuables, Jewels, Trinkets.

FREE! This Magnificent Doubly Reinforced STEEL SAFETY BOX, The kind that Bankers use

Locks with a Most Intricate Key.
Built fcr Strength, yet a Work of Art.

Black and Maroon, Trimmed in Gold. Highly Polished Lock Face.

Large and Roomy. A Luxury to any one. An actual necessity to every man and
woman, boy and girl.

It appeals with great force to every one who wishes their Valuables safely Locked

SECURE AS A BANK VAULT.
Contents as safe and private as a burled treasure, hidden from the eyes of all but
the rightful owner.

This splendid gift, absolutely free, delivered at our expense to any Address in the United States or Canada.

Send us your name and we will send you, with charges prepaid, twenty boxes of Brauer's Ivory White Buby Cream, the finest and
most pleasant article in existence for keeping the skin of infants and children in absolutely perfect condition. Sell these twenty packages
for us at only ten cents per package and remit us the two dollars and we will at once send you this elegant strong steel safety box,
something that you really need badly. We want your help in introducing this excellent Baby Cream into every home, and we are giving
this costly premium so that our liberal dealing will secure your hearty co-operation. We assure you that this safety box is a high-grade
beautifully finished and thoroughly serviceable article.

The Baby Cream is a fine quick seller. Put up in large attractive boxes; delicately medicated; highly perfumed; thoroughly anti-
septic; rich snowy white. You have no explaining to do. The circular tells all about it and sight of the salve sells It. Cures rough
skin, chapped face and hands, chafing, eruptions and irritations; cuts, burns, scalds and bruises; nettle-rash, prickly-heat, fever sores and
other skin troubles, gives instant relief. There is not a mother but would welcome a nice clean pure white salve that will instantly
relieve her little one and quickly and completely cure- it of all such troubles. Mothers use it on themselves. The girls do, too. It keeps
their skin like velvet.

Write to-day. Don't hesitate. The Baby Cream sells on sight. Every mother wants It. Every one wants the Steel Safety Box.
Tou want it, if you need a safe, private place for your valuables and letters. BRAUER CHEfllCAL CO., 420 Postal Building, N. Y.

least doubling the present yield from
its lands.

In Piedmont, which has an annual
rainfall of more than 30 inches, or
about the same as eastern Nebraska
and Kansas, the Italian Government
has built nearly a thousand miles of
canals and expended about $20,000,000
for irrigation works. The annual in-
come from the Government canals in
this province is nearly $600,000.
Pumping plants have been established
to raise the water to lands above the
Government canals. One of these was
put in at an expense of $47 per acre
for the lands irrigated, in addition to
which the farmers are required to pay
the annual maintenance expense and
$82 per year for a cubic foot of water
per second. Irrigated land supplied
by this pumping plant is worth three
times as much as unirrigated land ad-
joining. Under another pumping plant
the annual expense to the farmers is
$5.80 per acre, in addition to $10 per
year for a sinking fund, making an an-
Eual charge upon the farmers of near-
ly $16 per acre. And this also in a
region where crops can be raised suc-
cessfully without irrigation.

The Italian Government disposes of
water directly to farmers at retail in
some sections, and in others sells it
to co-operative associations of farm-
ers. One such association has 14,000
members operates 9,600 miles of
ditches, has 266 miles of telephone and
telegraph lines, supplies water to 141,-
000 acres, and does an annual business
of $600,000. Eighty water masters are
employed by the association to dis-
tribute the water to its members. The
farmers in this association pay from
$1.60 to $9 per acre per year for water,
according to the distances of their
land from the main canal and the
crops raised.

In addition to giving information as
to the organization of the industry in
Italy, the bulletin describes the prin-
cipal canals of Lombardy and Pied-

Spring Flexible
Disc Harrow

Only Harrow in the world
with independent adjust-
able spring pressure upon
Inner ends of disc gangs.
Any amount of pressure
thrown on these inner
ends by foot. Ball-bearing.
Works uneven ground. All
sizes, at proportionate 1
prices.

Seasonable Implements of the latest style, always up-to-
date. Possibly you are now or will soon need a Corn Sheller,
Feed Cutter, Disc Plow. You can get our Catalogue for the
asking.

OUR PRICES MUST BE RIGHT.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

41-51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

FOR THE PLANTER

the Clnner, the Farmer, the Miller, the Sawyer, or Anybody Else who des

highly efficient power which will require little space, nothing quite equa

I fvf f ol Combined Engine and Boiler

HLa.1^7 I ■ lLj| It is entirely self-contained. Machinery can A
■■■■■■ ^^ ■" ™ ^™ be belted to either ;dde ..f engine *hnlt. Ex- •*
ceedingly safe. Free from escaping sparks. We make them from Ouptc
40 h. p. Being mounted on >kids with engine on top, they art- easy to
handle and will stand the hardest kind of usage, (treat favorites with
saw mill owners. We also make other engines in great variety. Write
at once for OUT special book on "Power Economy and Efficiency.1* It
is sent free for the asking.

JAMES LEFFEL & CO., Box 134. SPRINGFIELD, O.

ASHTON STARKE. Southern Sales Agent, RICHMOND, VA.

DON'

r.i I Less to Ron.

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE
THE MASTER WOBKHAJ*,"

i two-cylinder gasoline engine superior to

>-, Mfr

r A Kith Ntn., t'hh-iiiro

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

Seed House of the South.

The following list of paper* and periodical!
are the most popular one* la thla aeetloa.
We ca» SAVE YOU MONBT on whateTer
Jeurnal you wlah:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 16 00 IS 00

The Poet, Washington, D. C • 00 t 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md I 00 1 40

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50

Newa-Leader, Richmond. Va 100 100

TRI-WEEKLY.

The World (thrice-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Montgomery Advertiser 1 00 1 »

Nashville American 60 76

Breeder's Oaxette 2 00 1 7

Hoard's Dairyman 100 136

Ceaatry Gentleman 160 175

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va. ... 2 00 2 25

Timet- Dispatch, Richmond, Va 100 126

Central Presbyterian, " " .... 2 00 2 2E

Horseman 100 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep

Dairy and Creamery

CLOVER,
«LOVER,

TALL MEADOW

OAT QRASaV

BUCKWHEAT.
OATS and
CANE SEED.

... 60 75
... 60 76

Commercial Poultry 60 75

All three 1 60 1 15

North American Review 6 00 6 ("•

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 100 140

Bcribner's Magazine 8 00 3 25

Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan Magazine 1 00 1 36

■verybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35

Mnnsey Magazine 100 135

Strand Magazine 116 165

McClure's Magazine 100 136

Argosy Magaslne 100 135

Review of Reviews 2 60 2 76

Poultry Success 1 00 76

Rural Mechanics 1 00 56

Blooded Stock 60 40

Successful Farming 100 76

Southern Fruit Grower 60 86

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 60 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
■s and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does net expire
antll later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
tie year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write as for any informa-
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of ether
■■lillsrti

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are
RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

<•> .*• £>■ WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

Fop Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, •*

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.
Apples, Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and

Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees,

Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens,

Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, Koses, Etc.

Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md.

$.|»f»t"i"i"i-^'f"iiiiiiiiif,if"t"f,ii,,i"i"t"i m 1 1 nt *"*'*

* »
+

■>
■>

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

711

The American Field Fence

is even less than barb wire or wood " f
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights ""h
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and Z
prices.

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost

55 INCH.

I

£?

THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS,
CORN, PEAS and BEANS as well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with-
out fertilizer attachment

V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The
most economical roof made. Does not
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur-
nished In all lengths from 5 to 10 feet
long.

OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or
power. A comparison with others will
convince you it is the strongest, sim-
plest and best made. The power ma-
chines are furnished with blower or
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low.

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS.

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN.
The quickest and cleanest butter maker
known. The frame is made of Hol-
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong,
and easily forms a useful table. The
churns are furnished of either wood
or heavy tin.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
times in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufac tured and
can be c le a n e d
without trouble to
any one. Write
us for particulars.

All sizes and capacities at low prices.

BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGOIES, CARRIAGES, HAR-
NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTINO AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS.
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES.

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

712

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

mont, and gives details as to the struc-
tures for diverting water and carrying
it over or under the streams or canals
crossed. Drawings and photographs
of a large number of structures are
given.

Italian engineers have given more
attention to the measurement of water
than any other body of men in the
world. The bulletin describes the
methods of measurement of water in
use along the Po, and gives a general
discussion of the subject of water
measurement.

The most striking points brought
out by the report are the large expen-
ditures for irrigation in a region where
crops can be raised without it, the en-
during and expensive nature of the
structures, and the efficient co-opera-
tion of irrigators in using water and
in canal management. Along each of
these lines Italian experience is full of
suggestion for those interested in
American irriagtion.

This bulletin can be secured on ap-
plication to the Director of the Office
of Experiment Stations, or the Chief
of the Division of Publications, of the
IT. S. Department of Agriculture.

FREDDIE'S PRAYER.

Naughty Fred, in disgrace, was sent
early to bed,

Rebellious thoughts filling his dear
curly head.

He couldn't quite see how such treat-
ment was fair,

And, sobbing, he murmured a short
evening prayer:

"Our Father in heaven, 'way up there
so far,

Bless aunty and Ethel, papa and mam-
ma.

Make me a good boy, if you can's well
as not,

I've asked you before, but I guess you
forgot."

— Katherine L. Daniher, in October

Lippincott's.

WITH A DIFFERENCE.

When Captain Pershing, U. S. A., on
duty in the Philippines, was sent to re-
concile the native Dato to our ways of
thinking, he was cautioned about the
Chief's great aversion to Christians.
In the eyes of the Filipinos there are
only two religions in the world — Mo-
hammedanism and Christianity, his
people representing the former and the
Catholicism of the Spaniards the lat
ter. On arriving at the Dato's bam
boo palace he found all the Chiefs as
sembled, with a native band, so he
proceeded to where the chief sat. One
of the first questions the native asked
was:

"Are you a Christian?"

The suddenness of the attack might
have disconcerted the diplomatic Cap-
tain, but he was equal to the occasion
and quickly answered:

"No, your Highness, we are Bap-
tists."

"It is well," was the reply.

They then proceeded to business. —
October Lippincott's Magazine.

Your money back

If you are not satisfied

DO YOU SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid in full, and the
proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry
It out to the letter?

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the rublic and our chances
of still greater success by failing to fulfil any promise we make ?

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi-
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ?

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why
it's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Sam Dealers' Profits ! Prtvents Adulteration !

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $2-20 EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR-
OLD RYE for 83.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive
the whiskey, try It and If you don't find It all right and as good as you ever
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense. If
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We
Ship In a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside.

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex, Ore., Utah, Wash,
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for MOO by Express
Prepaid or «0 Quarts tor S16.00 by Freight Prepaid,

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ATLANTA, GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN.

156 DISTILLERY, TBOT, O. ESTABLISHED 1866.

^

* THE j*

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,

TO- *»^ THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where
large profits can be realized interest you?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and »
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gen, Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi.

PROFITABLE
INVESTMENTS

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

713

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, inc.,

^^.STORES— *l

1724 East Main Street, Phone 507,

501 North 25th Street, Phone 1865,

RICHMOND, VA.

First Class Goods and Lowest Prices.

Granulated Sugar, per pound 5Jc.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per pound 13c.

Lion Coffee, per pound 12£c

Best Cheese, per pound 12 £c.

Dunlop Flour, per sack, 39c; per barrel $6.25

Obelisk Flour, per sack, 39c; per barrel 6.25

Daisy Flour, per sack, 3Cc; per barrel 5.75

Pillsbury Flour, per sack, 46c; per barrel 7.25

Pride of Richmond (Best Flour), per sack, 38c; bbl. 6.15

Best Meal, per peck, 18c ; per bushel 70c

Best Feed Oats, per bushel 45c

Ship Stuff, per hundred $1.25

Bran, per hundred 1.20

New N. C. Cut Herjrings, per dozen, 10c, or 3 dozen. . . .25c
New N. C. Cut Herrings, per one-half bbl, $2; per bbl. .$3.75
New Roe Herrings, per dozen, 18c; i bbl., $2.75; 1 bbl. 4.50

Best Salt Pork, lean and fat, per pound lie.

Choice Salt Pork, per pound 9c

Good Salt Pork, per pound 8c

Silver Leaf Pure Lard (in tins), per pound lie.

Good Lard, per pound, 9c; or 3 pounds for 25c,

Best Green Coffee, per pound 12Jc

Good Green Coffee, per pound 10c.

Fine Teas, Green, Mixed or Black, per pound. .35c, 40c, 50c

Large Cans of Tomatoes, per can 7c.

Fine Syrups and Molasses, per gallon 25c, 30c, 35c

Laundry Soaps, 6, 7, S, 10 and 12 bars for 2Sc

Peach, Grape, Plum and Reynolds Suncured Tobacco,
3 plugs for 25c.

Good Corn, per bushel 68c

Salt, 200 lb. sack, 80c; 100 lb. sack 45c

Best Timothy Hay, per ton $16.50

Old Crown Rye "Whiskey, per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye Whiskey, per gallon 2.50

Excelsior Rye Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye Whiskey, per gallon 1.50

N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle , 80c

Best Apple Brandy, per gallon $2.50

Best Gin, per gallon 2.50

Good Gin, per gallon 2.D0

These Prices are subject to changes in the market. Ten
cents per gallon extra for jugs Terms cash in advance. If you
want things not quoted here, write for prices.

J. S. Moore's Sons,

Wholesale and Retail Grocers,
Feed and Liquor Dealers.

714

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

[October,

FOR SALE

Patron, who has acquired a wide reputa-
tion as a breeder, is overstocked and advises
me to offer a portion of his stud. These
horses are for the most part bred in the
purple. Prices are low and likely to net
purchaser handsome profits. Note the fol-
lowing details and respond quick. To be of-
fered singly or in lots.

The Hackneys are headed by a premium-
winning stallion with imported mares, fine
yearlings and sucklings. Seven half bred
yearlings, a grand lot, too, may be had for
$75 around for all.

Twenty-five Shetland and Exmoor ponies,
averaging forty inches high. Also some year-
lings.

Two thoroughbred mares, good breeders,
big milkers, both richly bred and registered
with the Jockey Club. One of them is a
living picture of an ideal thoroughbred.

In addition to these other live stock, in-
cluding twenty-five registered Guernsey cows
and heifers; also twenty-five registered Hol-
stelns.

Limited area on farm prompts these offer-
ings. Further information may be had of
W. J. CARTER, P. O. Box 929, Richmond,
Va.

FOR SALE CHEAP

Small stud of Hackneys, stallion "Rockell,"
won M New York, Hbiia-lelpiiiH, 18% 7 import-
ed mares, two daughters and granddaughters
of the great Denmark; also yearlings and
foals. Address WESTHAM STOCK FARM,
Westham, Pa.

1904. 1904.

WOODMONDE AND H 4TT0NDALE FARMS

BURLINGTON

1904.

1904.

" The Gentleman in Black,"

Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap,
Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial and Tidal Stakes.

Black hone, by Powhatan, dam imp. Inver
cauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam Imp Eleanor, by
Voltigeur: 3d Themis, by Touchstone; 4th dam
Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Caius, Chivalry and
Aristides), by Lottery :5th dam Decision (dam
of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate,
etc., etc. BURLINGTON will make the season
of 1904 at J. E. Lane's above named farms at
Esmont Albemarle county, Va.

Fee $50 with usual return privilege if horse
is alive and in my possession.

For particulars address

J. E. LANE,
Esmont, Albemarle County, Va.

For Sale to Reduce Stock.

THREE BROOD MARE6, all trotters,
and rich'y bred. Bargains. Address
ROBERT TAIT, Norfolk, Va.

KELLY, 22283.

Record 2:27. Sire of McChesney , 2:16%, etc.
Bay horse, by Electioneer 125; first dam, Es-
ther, dam of Expressive 3, 2:12%; Express 221
etc.; by Express, etc. Kell) represents the
highest t ype of a trotter, having fine size and
the form and finish of a thorough-bred. For
terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va,

Kelly will serve at my privatestable, 1102 Hull
street, Manchester, Va.

Richardson Brothers,

613 Brook Ave., Richmond, Va.,

BUILDERS OF

Wagons and Carriages,

A select lot of business and pleasure
Vehicles on hand.

Repairing neatly done. Orders by
mail solicited.

W. J. CARTER,

TURF JOURNALIST and
PEDIGREE EXPERT...

ABDRESS:

P. O. Box 929, Richmond, Va.

Or 1 102 Hull St., Manchester, Va. PHONE 3380.

Representing "The Times-Dispatch" and
"Southern Planter," Richmond, Va. ; "Ken-
tucky Stock Farm," and "The Thoroughbred
Record." Lexington, Ky.; "Sports of the
Times," New York, and the "Breeder and
Sportsman," San Francisco, Cal.

SHEEP SHEARING CONTEST AT
WORLD'S FAIR.

A novel and exciting sheep and goat
shearing contest will be held at the
World's Fair, October 12th, under the
auspices of the International Sheep
Shearing Festival Association. Cups
to the value of $1,125 will be offered
for the following contests:

Professional contest for speed, first
prize. $125; second prize, $65.

Professional contest for quality, first
prize, $125; second prize, $65.

Agricultural College Students' con-
test for speed and quality combined,
first prize, $125: second prize, $65.

Shepherds' contest for speed and
quality combined, first prize, $125; sec-
ond prize, $65.

Angora goat shearing contest for
speed and quality combined, first prize,
$125: second prize, $65.

Frea for all competition, hand shear-
ing vs. machine shearing, $125.

Dick Marquis, champion sheep shear-
er of the world, will give an exhibition
of sheep shearing for speed and qual-
ity. Mr. Marquis holds the world's
record for shearing a single sheep in
one minute and 6 seconds, 360 sheep
in one day, and 1,414 sheep in 6 days.
The Shearing Festival will be held in
the Live Stock Pavilion, World's Fair
Grounds, and "will be one of the most
unique and attractive features of the
live stock show," says Col. Charles F.
Mills, Chief of the Live Stock Depart-
ment.

Col. L. D. Burch, editor of the Amer-
ican Sheep Breeder, says: "This will
be the first international sheep shear-
ing contest ever held, and it Is not un-
likely that all records for sheep shear-
ing will be broken."

All entries must be sent immediately
to R. M. Marquis, 142 Illinois street,
Chicago.

A SAFE DEPOSIT BOX FREE.
On another page will be found the
ad. of the Brauer Chemical Co., of New
York city. In this ad. is offered an
opportunity for our readers to secure
a very excellent deposit box free of
charge. This box is not only a very
neat, but a very useful one, about
10x3x41 inches, and is made for the
safekeeping of bonds, stocks, insurance
policies or other valuable papers.
This box is being given away by this
company to introduce Brauer's Ivory
White Baby Cream. This salve is one
of the finest for the skin that can be
found. The integrity of this company
is vouched for by the fact that Mr.
Fred. C. Brauer, its president, was a
former resident of Richmond, and at
one time president of the Brauer Cat-
tle Co., and is to-day the largest stock-
holder in the Union Stock Yards. Look
up his ad. and comply with its terms,
and you will secure this box free.

Some splendid young Shorthorn
bulls are offered by Dr. D. M. Kipps at
reasonable prices.

INTERNATIONAL LIVE STOCK EX-
POSITION.
Editor Southern Planter:

Now that the atmosphere at the
stockyards has cleared of labor trou-
bles, all hands will turn their attention
to promoting and insuring the success
of the 1904 International. The rail-
roads have granted the same rates as
heretofore for visitors to attend this
great annual event at Chicago, Novem-
ber 26th to December 3d. Entries for
cattle, hogs and sheep close October
15th, as usual; for horses, November
1st. It is advisable, however, in the
interest of having everything properly
classified that entries be made as soon
as possible before these dates.

That this year's International will
be the greatest of the series up to date,
will b? demonstrated. The breeders,
feeders and ranchmen are thoroughly
in earnest in their efforts to make the
International Exposition an outstand-
ing exponent of their industry.

Anticipating your usual kind sup-
port of this enterprise, I remain,
Yours fraternally,
W. E. Skin.nek, General Manager.

Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.,
September 24, 1904.

We acknowledge with thanks the re-
ceipt of an invitation from the Vir-
ginia Commission for the St. Louis
Exposition to the celebration of Vir-
ginia Day at the Exposition.

1904.] THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 715

A LIBERAL OFFER.

3 Months Trial Subscription

«*»

-TO THE-

Southern Planter

for 10 CENTS or 3 for 25 CENTS.

This liberal offer should be accepted by thous=

ands who are not now readers.

Send in at once.

The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

^tj»^4*afMl^'f^*8**^HSo*lMl**8wl*,l'''i*,l*'l*a8H !t"f"f**$**ti'*f'"iH

716

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[October,

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

ROSS....

Tir.FKmsr haRKOW.
Plain aDdLever8pring Tooth Harrows.. AllSlzes

Fodder Cotters, Fodder
Shredders, Cutters for all
purposes, Corn Shellers,
Grinding Mills, Horse
Powers and Wood Saw.

f^&Tl^M^

Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters
and Cutters.

SUPERIOR GRAIN DRILLS.
Plain and Fertilizer Hoe and Disc Drills— all sizes

•SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, All Sizes."

ELI BALING PRESSES. 68 styles and sizes. For Horse or steam
power. Write for prices and Catalogue*.

The SCIbM:Hv Orinuinn Tills.
Are unequaled for grinding ear corn. s!i u-ks on or off, Corn, Oats
Wheat unit all other grain?, single or mixed.

POWER MILLS in live sizes. 2 to 30 horse-powtr.

Scientific Sweep Tills in five sizes.

Geared— plain and cumbined. with horse-power.

Milwaukee Corn Husker and Fodder Shredder,

Has ster! gnrs and slccl cluicbcs and rolls easily. Adjusted to ail conditions of corn.

With Bl >w<r or Carrier. Manufactured in 6 Mzes : Large machines
for ihrethernit-n and small machines for farmers* own use.

Read list of only a few of the many using the MILWAUKEE Husker

VIRGINIA:
R. L. Bruce Medio k.
.1 c Shii.B Lewislon.
J A. Gkaham. Hanover.
1 . K \\ 1LLIA.MS. Enfield.
Julian RUFFIN, Old Church.
Kumund kiefin, old Cnurch.
A. T. BboaduOB, Old Church.
H. B. MrsDKN Shirley.
MBS. alicu Kkassfokd, Shirley.
C. C Bkanch, Toano.

M. L Nokvell. Isiand.
S. D. Ivev, Peiersburg.
.1. A. MadDOX, Triangle,
w. H. W.utus. Rice Oepot.
T. S. Wilson. News Ferry.
Geo. R. Land, Boydton.

NORTH CAROLINA:
C. C. HOOU Charlotte.
R. F. BboaODDS, New Berne.
Col. B. Oamkkon, Magville.

The above panlea will cheerfully give yon testimonials as to the merits
Of Hie tiiwaukee. " e are ready at all times to go in the field with any
oilier husker made, an 1 will guarantee the Tllwaukee to be the beat
made ; and will alfo gaurantee It to do more work than any other made,
ami shell less corn, and cost less for repairs and last longer. Write the
parties that are using them; also write for special circulars and lesli-
munlals we ha. e, which will be sent with pleasure.

HENING & NUCKOLS, dSTSia HM I W &

A. 0. Button, Pres.

WRITE FOR A CATALOGUE !

J. J. Sutton, Sec'y.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th & Franklin Sts. & 1404 E Main St.
RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

^ ^ We handle the best in Agricultural Implements, ^ ^
^ ^ .... Machinery, Vehicles and Harness .... ^^ ^

Cider Mill with Wouden Roller

Sweep Feed Mill

We now have on hand
the following second
hand machinery for sale
at very reasonable
prices:

Ouo 30 H. P. Bland)' Engine and Boiler on .skids, in first class condition.

One 8 H. P. Watertown Engine and Boiler on whee's, in good running order.

One 6 EL P. Peerless Engine and Boiler on wheels, in use only six months and good as new.

One 20 H. 1'. Detached Nagle Engine and Boiler in first class condition.

One Lath Machine, almost new. One Smith Moldiug Machine.

One 7 inch. 4 sided Molding Machine. One lot of pulleys, shafting and boxes.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

RICHMOND,
VIRGINIA.

!& Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Companv.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

THIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions'in Virginia, in death claims
alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county -whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-«m »-THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.^ —

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

_— m -™- East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STPOMG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS A MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. II you wiah fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Cowb, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAIN8 and all PAINS use
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LJNIMKNT-Beet on earth for Utn w

Beast Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere.

OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO.,

'^*^A**N*^*WV^VSA»%^^^^^^**^^WN*A<N*VW

, Richmond, Ya. ! \

Last flonth we called attention to the Farmers Favorite disc and hoe Wheat Drills.
NOW the finest line of Disc, Spring Tooth and Spike Tooth Harrows made in this country.

The construction of our harrows is different from the others. See how the standards rest behind the axle.
The back end of tongue adjusts up and down like a plow, to run deep or s-hnlk w.

ASHTON STARKE IMPLEMENT HOUSE, = Richmond, Va.,

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN S. ELLETT, President. \VM. M HILL, Cashier.

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000.
RICHMOND, - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINfA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Proprietors.

Vol. 65

NOVEMBER, 1904.

No. II.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial — Work for the Month 717

The Manure Heap 720

Crop Production 722

Irish Potato Growing in Henry Co. 723

The Use of Commercial Fertilizers 723

Barnyard Manure as a Money Maker 724

Burr Clover as a Preparation for Alfalfa 725

How I Built Up a Poor Farm 725

Mr. Clark's Hay Crop of 1904 726

Home Grown Alfalfa Seed 726

What the Planter Has Done for One Subscriber. 726

Alfalfa 727

Some Good in All Methods 727

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, p. 749) 728

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHA„_". '

Editorial— Work for the Month 731

Onion Growing 731

Strawberries in October 732

Apple Growing in the East 732

Should Farmers Raise Their Own Fruits? 732

Stocks and Scions: Their Mutual Influences... 733
What arc the Best Varieties of Peaches for

Virginia 73 j

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

The Management of Beef Cattle 735

Hereford Association for Virginia Organized... 737
An Experiment in Feeding Breeding Ewes.... 737

Among the Flocks in England 738

Training the Heifer to Be Milked 740

Swine Feeding 741

Dorset Sheep and Yorkshire Hogs in Virginia. . '742

THE POULTRY YARD:

Experience in Feeding Milk 743

Feed Bulky Foods 743

Preparing for Winter 743

THE HORSE:
Notes 744

, "'SCELLANEOUS:

ditorial — Death of Major H. E. Alvord 74;"

The Virginia State Horticultural So-
ciety 745

In November 74."

State Fair— Roanoke, Va 746

District Fair— Radford. Va 74fi

Persistent Vitality of Seeds 747

The Fall Crops in Tidewater Virginia T4S

Cost of Producing Milk 748

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

The Most popular Machines in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the

HEEBNER'S,

LITTLE GIANT and
PENNSYLVANIA

Machines, and they have eplendid improvements for 1904. '
They are built in hrst-class manner, and are strong and ,
durable. The price is within the reach of all. We guaran-
tee them to do the work satisfacU ry. We will mail cata-
logue and testimonials, and quote prices on application.

RUBBER. LEATHER

6ANDY BELTING,
ECLIPSE"

"LITTLE
SAMSON"
Automatic
Engine.

ENGINES and BOILERS.
ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS.

THE CELEBRATED

"CHASE" SAW MILLS

AND This cut shows our 5 and 7 h. p. "Llttl*

Samson" Vertical, Automatic Engine, f«c

"DE LOACH" HACHINERY. ZTlUln^o^: e?caDUt plckers' cu"ln•

Larger size also furnished.

STRATTON & BRAQQ CO., 31-33 N. Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va.

our S50 "keTcheIrT77

This name fits this

Virginia Buggy

admirably. It is a winner
wherever used.

Right up-to-the-
minute in design,
honestlyand strong-
ly built, very rea-
sonable in price.

We also build all
other styles of light
pleasure vehicles.

Write for our in-
teresting catalog.

Having now gained the

Leadership

in medium-priced work,
we propose to give such
values as will keep it with
us.

RICHMOND BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 . Main Street. Richmond, Va.

W. G. ADAMS Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.— XENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State.--SULLY.

65th Year.

Richmond, November, 1904.

No. II.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The month of October to the date of this writing
(20th), has been a delightful fall month. The
weather has been most seasonable, bright, clear days,
with just a sufficient touch of crispness in the air to
make working outdoors delightful and yet with no
frost at night to cut vegetation except on two or three
occasions, when it was cold enough to blacken tomato
and sweet potato vines in the middle and western sec-
tions of the State, and on one night to do some slight
damage to tender truck crops in the Eastern and Tide-
water sections. The trees are still full of leaf and
are only just beginning to show the autumnal tints,
except upon' the mountains, where these are now in
their greatest glory. This fine month has done much
to enable farmers to gather up the crops in good or-
der and get them safely under cover, and has added
thousands of busbels to the corn crop throughout the
country. Probably this crop will now make some-
thing over 2,000,000,000 busbels, but will not be a
record crop. In Virginia and the other Southern
States it is probably the largest crop of corn ever
made, as the area planted was larger and the yield is
the highest. Virginia stands ahead of all the other
States but one, in condition of the crop as reported
by the government, and our information from all
over the State goes strongly to confirm this. We
will have plenty of corn, and probably a fair supply
of hugs for all the people of the South this year,
whilst for the live stock of all kinds an abundant sup-
ply of fodder has been saved or could have been with
due diligence on every farm. Southern farmers will
he able to observe Thanksgiving Day with heartiness.

The Avork of seeding the wheat crop should now be
pushed to completion whilst the fine weather con-
tinues. The frost we have had will have reduced
the danger of injury by fly to a minimum, and the
seed should be got in as soon as the land is ready.
We hear complaints from nearly all sections of the
dry condition of the land, but this should not hinder
seeding. It is always better to sow in dust than in
mud. Some of the best crops of wheat ever made
were seeded in a dust bed. If land has been well
prepared, as it ought to have been during the weather
we have had, the seed bed will have moisture sufficient
in it to germinate the seed when properly sown, and
well covered. Put the seed well down into the soil,
giving at least two inches of cover and it will soon
germinate even though we should not have rain for
some time, and it is more than probable that after
so long a dry time we shall soon get rain enough.
If the land is not in fine condition do not hesitate to
give more time to preparing it. Better work over
again a rough field than prepare an additional field.
We are anxious to see not only a larger wheat crop
sown, but a larger yield per acre secured, but we
would rejoice more in seeing a larger yield per acre
than a larger acreage. The South ought to make
every bushel of wheat that is consumed there and a
surplus for export. At present she does not make
the bread we eat. This year Virginia makes about
8.000,000 bushels of wheat, whilst to meet the needs
of her population at the average rate of consumption
of the country, she needs over 12,000,000 bushels.
The other Southern States do even worse than Vir-
ginia. Whilst Maryland makes 12 bushels to the

718

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

acre, Virginia makes only 10, and North Carolina
only 8 bushels to the acre. There is no reason what-
ever why we should not in this State make 25 bush-
els to the acre, and that without spending a dollar
more for fertilizer. There are numbers of farmers
all over the State who never make less than 25 bush-
els to the acre, and often make 35 and 40. Mary-
land, with no better land or climate, makes an aver-
age of 13 bushels to the acre, as against our 10. The
great underlying cause of our small crop in the South
is poor preparation of the land. Now that cow peas
and the other leguminous crops are being so much
more largely grown, there ought to be seen a change
in the yield if only adequate preparation is given and
lime is more generally applied. Legumes, lime and
perfect preparation of the land should and will give
a crop double the average one of the South. Sow
only the cleanest and plumpest wheat and thus avoid
growing weeds and stalks with heads without grain
in them. The influence of the size of the seed is
great on the yield. Sow an early maturing variety,
so as to avoid danger from rust, which rarely becomes
troublesome until after our earliest varieties have
matured. Fiiltz and Fulcaster are both early ma-
turing varieties. See to it that provision is made
for carrying off all surface water quickly by water
furrows wherever needed. Wheat cannot flourish
with its roots in water. The world's wheat crop this
year is a small one. We in this country have not a
bushel for export, and already the effect of this is
being seen in the European markets. From being
the largest exporter of wheat to the English market
we have already sunk into the second place, and are
likely to go much lower this year. There is room
for a large crop of wheat to be made without redtic-
ing the price materially, and wheat at, present prices
will pay if only such a crop is made as we can well
make if we only prepare the land well. There is no
money in making 10 bushels to the acre even at
present prices, but there is money in 25 bushels to
the acre, and this ought to be the lowest quantity
aimed at. In our two last issues we discussed and
advised on the fertilizer to be used where fertilizer
is needed, and to these issues refer our readers. The
main rquirement of wheat is phosphoric acid, with
also a moderate quantity of nitrogen, but we are
strongly of opinion that the best time to supply the
nitrogen "is in spring as a top dressing, when the
wheat commences its growth. Experiments have
conclusively shown that wheat utilizes the fertilizer
in the soil mainly when making the grain.

; this month. This crop stands frost better than any

I other of the legumes, and makes fine spring pasture
and a good green forage and hay crop, which can be
saved in time to plant the land with corn. We have
made heavy crops of this mixture, which came in
very useful at a time when fodder was getting scarce
in the barn in the spring. Stock do well on vetches,
as they are rich in protein and the crop also improves
the land very much, as the root growth is large, and
it gathers nitrogen from the atmosphere very abun-
dantly. Let all land possible not required for wheat
and not growing other crops be seeded with the wheat
and vetch mixture, or with rye when too late for
seeding vetches and thus have something growing on
the land to conserve fertility and keep it from wash-
ing and wasting. Sow 25 to 30 pounds of the vetch
seed with three-quarters of a bushel of wheat or rye
to the acre.

Rye, wheat and English Vetches should be seeded

Although we have had such splendid weather for
housing crops all through the month of October, we
yet see a very large quantity of produce of various
kinds out in the fields which has long been in the
finest condition for storing in barns, stacks or sheds.
This is a condition of affairs on which we have to
comment every year. Probably there is some im-
provement taking place, but we are yet far from
exercising that care in the quick housing of crops
that ought to prevail. Men spend months in pre-
paring the land, seeding the crops, cultivating and
harvesting them, and then sit down and watch them
waste away with the weather, losing both weight and
nutritive value when they might be safely housed.
Surely a regard for the labor spent on them and for
the money expended if not for the animals for which
they are to provide the winter's food would induce
greater attention to this subject. The risk of floods
and storms is not heeded. Thousands of dollars
worth of grain and fodder are washed away or other-
wise lost every year in the South by neglect in hous-
ing crops as soon as ready. See to it that not a day
be now lost in getting home all forage crops and in
getting the corn into the crib. This fine weather
cannot be expected to last much longer, and the cost,
trouble and labor in housing crops in broken weather
and hauling over water soaked land ought to be
avoided. Farming can never be as profitable a busi-
it ought to be, and can be, whilst so much of
value is lost every year by inattention to storing the
crops as soon as ready. We would much like to see
every crop of corn husked by machinery and the
fodder run through the shredder at the same time and
stored in the barn. The growing scarcity of labor

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

719

will compel this if the crop is to be saved at all, but-
it ought not to require this to ensure this course being
taken. Where large crops are grown, it will pay a
farmer to own his own husker and shredder, but
where this is not practicable, then half a dozen ad-
joining farmers should join together and buy a ma-
chine and use it jointly. Threshing machine men
ought to buy this outfit and 'carry it round from
farm to farm and thus find work for their steam or
horse powers after the wheat and oats are all thresh-
ed. In some sections this is being done, and is found
of wonderful help to small farmers, who have their
whole crop put into safe keeping and ready for feed-
ing at little cost. No farmer has a right to com-
plain that farming does not pay who allows his fod-
der and forage crops to waste in the field all winter.
In our last issue we ptiblished a statement showing
the value of the different parts of the corn stalk as
feed, and its total value. This is so large a propor-
tion of the value of the whole crop that the man who
wastes it deserves no commiseration if he fails to
make profit on his farm. Fodder well cured and
shredded is as valuable as feed for stock as timothy
or mixed hay, and will be as readily eaten by stock of
all kinds.

All root crops should be dug or pulled as they ma-
ture and ripen and not be left for the frost to spoil
them. Sugar beets and mangold wurtzel beets are
quickly injured by frost, and when once frozen will
not keep when stored. Turnips will stand a sharp
frost without much injury to their keeping quality
if the frost is allowed to get out of them by gentle
thawing before they are pulled and stored. Ruta
bagas will stand quite a sharp freeze without serious
injury, and as they will make greater increase in
weight during the cool weather of this month than
during any like period in their growth they should
not be pulled until the end of the month or even into
December if the weather keeps mild. Pull and dig
all root crops when dry and house them without
leaving them exposed to the weather longer than
necessary. We gave advice as to storing Irish and
sweet potatoes in our last issue. Turnips, beets and
ruta bagas keep well stored in a cool root cellar or
made into pies and covered with straw and soil suffi-
cient to keep out frost.

Old pastures which have begun to fail in yield may
be given a new lease of life and usefulness by timely
attention during open weather in winter and spring.
Have all bushes and strong weeds grubbed out, and

then take a sharp toothed harrow and run it over the
field in both directions lengthwise and across, thus
tearing out much of the old matted grass and loosen-
ing the soil around the roots. Then take a horse
rake and gather up all the trash harrowed up and
haul it off to the hog pens. Then apply 50 bushels
of lime to the acre and leave until spring, say Feb-
ruary or March. Then sow two bushels of mixed
pasture grasses like orchard grass, meadow oat grass,
perennial rye and Virginia blue grass per acre, with
four pounds of mixed alsike and red clover per acre,
and harrow lightly in with a smoothing harrow and
roll when dry enough. An application of 300 pounds
of bone meal per acre will greatly help the stand, and
later when the grasses are fairly growing, 100 pounds
of nitrate of soda per acre will complete the work and
put new life into the field and make a good pasture,
probably good for many years more service.

When too late to seed any further crops, keep the
teams at work whenever the weather is fine and the
land dry enough breaking up land intended to be
cropped next year. Many farmers think that be-
cause we have not usually hard frosts in winter that
it is useless to break land in the fall and early winter
as the disintegrating action of the frost is usually so
slight here. This is a mistake. Whilst all land in
the South is better with a crop growing on it all the
year round, yet it is not practicable always to secure
this. In the absence of the crop the land should be
deeply broken as early in the winter as possible, so
that the rain may get into the subsoil, and such frost
as we may have may act on the land. In the fall
nearly all our land has a hard baked surface from
which the rain runs off for a long time instead of
getting into the subsoil, where it can subserve the
needs of the next crop. Especially after such a
summer as we have had this year is it important to
break this hard surface. We have had all through
the South a serious deficiency in rainfall this year,
and the subsoil is very dry. In many sections wells
and springs have failed, and are now dry. This in-
dicates great lack of moisture in the ground, and as
the moisture of the subsoil is the great means by
which crops secure their food during our hot sum-
mer it is of prime importance to the yields of crops
next year that every effort should be made to replen-
ish this lack of water by conserving the rain which
may fall this winter and spring. Deep breaking and
subsoiling of the land now is the best means which
can be taken to meet this need. Our land in the
South usually suffers more from lack of tillage than

720

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

from over-working. One plowing, and that a very
shallow one, is too often all that it gets in the way of
breaking, and one or two harrowings all that it gets
in the way of preparation for the seed. This is not
sufficient Soil to become a fit seed bed for any
crop requires much more labor than this. Frequent
plowing and cultivating is equivalent to much fer-
tilizer, and much more certain in its results. The
more the soil is stirred the finer it is broken and the
greater the ease with which the roots of the plants
can penetrate it, and the more moisture it will be
able to give to the crop, and the greater will this
moisture be charged with the plant food in the soil.
Deep fall and winter plowing tits the subsoil to give
u]i its rich stores of natural plant food to the crop,
and practically adds acres to the farm. The surface
acres of most of our farms have been exhausted of
tliis natural plant food by long usage. The acres be-
low this surface are still as rich in plant food as the
original surface acres ever were. This can be made
available by breaking and cultivating deeply during
winter and early spring. Not to utilize the winter
in this way is to neglect one of the greatest oppor-
tunities which our Southern climate gives us over
that given to the Northern farmer.

Xnw that the time for housing the live stock is
near at hand we want to urge upon every farmer the
importance of making the best provision possible for
sheltering and caring for the animals during the cold
weather. It is no use taking cattle up out of the
pastures and putting them into buildings with leaky
roofs and siding through which the wind whistih
every blast, and with doors and windows not closing
the openings into which they should fit. See to it
that these are all repaired and the houses made wind
and weather tight. Give the building g good C0a1 of

limewash after sweeping down all cobwebs and dust.
Lot the tloors of all cattle barns and stables have at-
tention by tilling up all holes and giving the floors a
slight grade to one point, so that all liquid yoidings
can there be drained away or absorbed by straw and

trash. Tt would pay well to concrete all these tloors,
as the only outlay on most farms would be for
cement, say about $2 or $2.50 per barrel. We have
published several times full directions for making
concrete. Any ordinary good laborer can mix the
concrete and lay same after the door has been graded
and levelled. The saving in the making of good rich
manure will soon pay all the cost, and the comfort of
the animals be greatly promoted. Another matter
which should have attention is the making of a pit

for storing manure in the farm-yard. Whilst ma-
nure is best removed directly from the stables to the
land where it is to be used in producing crops, yet
there are always times during the winter when it is
impossible to get on to the land with the teams, and
for these times it is necessary to have a place in which
to store the manure until such time as it is con-
venient or practicable to haul it away. This place
should be made away from the side of building where
the water from the roofs and yard will not drain into
it. It should slope from each side towards the cen-
tre, so that the seepage from the manure will be re-
tained in the heap and should have a well consoli-
dated clay floor beaten to a hard surface. Into this
pit the manure from all the stables should be removed
regularly every day and be there mixed together.
This will prevent the overheating of the horse ma-
nure, which will happen if stored alone. Pack the
manure closely to exclude the air, and keep the sur-
face level or slightly sloping towards the centre.
The ordinary rainfall will not injure the manure,
but will keep it just sufficiently moist and prevent
fire Hanging. A sprinkling of acid phosphate or
kainit should be spread over the heap daily, or as
manure is added to it. This will add to the value
of the manure by increasing the supply of the plant
food most lacking in manure, and it will also con-
serve the ammonia. It is well to sprinkle the ma-
nure in the stables every day with acid phosphate or
plaster to prevent the escape of ammonia before it is
removed to the pit or field.

THE MANURE HEAP.

In our article, "Work for the Month," we have
given some advice as to making provision for saving
and caring for the manure made during the winter

aths. We want now to add a few words on the

important economic advantages of saving manure.
One of the first features which strikes a newly ar-
rived emigrant from England or the continent of
Europe (in which countries the saving and methodic
application of farm-yard manure is practically a
science) when he goes on to one of our Southern
farm- is the absence of proper care for saving and
utilizing the manure made on the farm; indeed, on
most farms the total absence of a manure heap, lie
finds it thrown out of the buildings as a waste pro-
duct and left to be washed by the rain and the drip-
pings from the roofs and blown about and dissipated
by the wind and sun. The next thing that strikes
him usually is the constant remark that the land

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

721

wants and mnst have fertilizer, meaning thereby
some compound brought from the fertilizer factory, if
crops are to be produced. He is at loss to reconcile
these two propositions, and concludes that the farm-
ers of the South are either a very improvident people
or a very ignorant one. And there is undoubtedly
very great truth in this conclusion. If the farmers
realized the value of farm-yard manure as a pro-
ducer of crops and enhancer of fertility they cer-
tainly would not. waste it as they do, and their im-
providence is seen in the fact that they immediately
set about to meet the consequences of their wasteful-
ness by paying money for commercial fertilizer of
which they know but little except what the fertilizer
makers tell them. It has been said of the medical
profession (let us hope for our own sakes without
much truth), that "they pour drugs of which they
know little into stomachs of which they know less."
Of the farmer it can be truly said in the South, that
they apply fertilizers of which they know little into
soils of which they usually know less. Any obser-
vant man — nay, even the least observant — knows that
if he applies farm-yard manure to a piece of land
he at once improves its crop producing capacity. We
have never yet met the man who disputed this propo-
sition, yet in the face of this the great majority of
farmers go on from year to year wasting manure and
buying in its place something in the use of which
even the most observant men have almost yearlv ex-
perience that they can see in many cases no perma-
nent beneficial results and at the best very incon-
sistent and uncertain ones. When taxed with the
folly of spending, as Southern farmers are now do-
ing in the three States of Virginia, North and South
Carolina, something around $15,000,000 every year
for commercial fertilizers and at the same time large-
ly wasting all the farm-yard manure, their reply
usually is that the amount of farm-yard manure
which can be saved every year is such a small matter
that it is not worth consideration, as it would go no
way whatever in making crops, and may therefore
be well left out of consideration. That this is wholly
untrue is easily demonstrable. Careful experiments
made have shown that each horse or mule makes ma-
nure in the year of the value of $27, each head of
cattle $19, each hog $12, and each sheep $2. This
value is based on the values usually assigned to phos-
phoric acid, potash and nitrogen in commercial fer-
tilizers, and possibly is too high from a practical
standpoint. On the other hand, however, no figure
is in this estimate placed on the value of farm-yard
manure as an improver of the physical and mechani-

cal condition of the soil by reason of the vegetable
matter which it puts into the land, and this has been
conservatively estimated from practical observation
as being equally as great as the direct manurial value.
Nor, again, is any figure in this estimate placed on
the value of manure as the direct inoculator of the
soil with the life-giving bacteria upon which recent
scientific research has demonstrated largely depends
the crop producing capacity of land. This feature
alone is in our estimation of infinitely greater value
than both the others put together. Leaving aside,
however, these unestimated values and making allow-
ance for the less quickly available nature of the phos-
phoric acid, potash and nitrogen in farm-yard ma-
nure as compared with the same elements in commer-
cial fertilizers, it may be safely taken as a conserva-
tive estimate that on each farm carrying four horses
or mules, 20 cows, 50 sheep and 10 pigs the manure
produced each year is of the value of $250. How
few farmers in proportion to the whole number in
the South spend as much as $250 every year in the
purchase of standard commercial fertilizer or fertil-
izing ingredients, and yet they annually waste this
sum and more, in proportion as the stock kept i3
larger, by neglecting the manure heap. "Saving at
the spigot and spending at the bung" with a ven-
geance and then they say farming does not pay. The
great distinguishing characteristic of farm-yard ma-
nure as compared with the best commercial fertilizer
is that the manure is permanent and lasting in its
effects, whilst the other at the best is only of tempo-
rary value and depends largely even then for its
effectiveness on a physical and mechanical condition
of the soil, which must be brought about by other
means than the fertilizer — namely, by the addition
of humus making material to the soil, and an abun-
dance of added moisture to ensure the dissolving of
the chemical constituents. Sir John B. Lawes, the
father of agricultural experimentation, and one of
the highest authorities in the world on this subject,
said that as the result of his experiments continued
for forty years, he was able to say that on land ma-
nured continuously for twenty years there was grad-
ual accumulation and increase of produce, and that
for twenty years after the application of manure
ceased on one particular plot of land the annual yield
was considerably higher than that on unmanured
land. Every farmer can secure this constant im-
provement of his land if he will only give attention
to the saving of the manure made on his farm. As
the liquid manure is the most valuable, the means
used in caring for the manure should embrace pro-

722

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

[November,

vision for saving all the liquid. This is generally
most easily done bv providing plenty of absorbent
bedding and with drains leading fr"m the stables to
the manure pit, which should be so made as to hold
this liquid. Both the liquid and solid manure is
largely influenced in its value as a producer of crops
by the food fed to the stock. The richer the food the
better and more valuable the manure. Mature ani-
mals neither gaining nor losing weight practically
excrete all the fertlizing constituent? consumed in
the food. Growing animals and milk cows excrete
from 50 to 75 per cent, of the fertilizing constituents
of the food and fattening and working animals from
90 to 05 per cent. Cotton seed meal, flax seed meal
and wheat bran make the richest manure, the legumi-
nous crops like peas and clover the second best,
grasses the third best, corn, wheat and oats the fourth
best, and roots the least valuable. When cotton seed
meal or flax seed meal is fed liberally the manure
made is worth as a fertilizer nearly the whole cost
of the meal, and the feeding value of the meal is got
nearly for nothing if the manure is saved and used as
it should be. In the article, '-"Work for the Month,"
we have pointed out the best way of saving, improv-
ing and applying the manure, and to this we refer
our readers. It may be well, however, to add that
where mechanical improvement of the soil is most
desired — that is to say. where the soil is desired to
be made lighter and more open — fresh manure is
best to be applied. Well rotted manure is best ap-
plied to light soils.

CROP PRODUCTION.

Under this caption in our last issue we took issue
with our correspondent, Mr. Turner, upon the ques-
tion of fertilization being the prime factor in the pro-
duction of heavy crops, and endeavored to show that
whilst this was one factor, it was not by any means
the sole factor, and, in our opinion, was probably not
the dominant factor in the problem of crop produc-
tion. Amongst a number of the other factors which we
asserted to be important, we named the microbic life
in the soil as in our opinion probably more important
than fertilization, however heavy. This contention
is well illustrated by the wonderful results obtained
from the introduction by inoculation of the alfalfa
microbe into soil to be seeded with that crop. Land
which without inoculation will not produce alfalfa
at all, or only a very weak and puny growth, which
dies out in a year or less, will, when inoculated with
the microbe, produce not only a strong, healthy

growth of alfalfa, but will make a permanent sod of
that crop, which will last for years, if only the con-
ditions necessary for the continued life of the microbe
are present, first amongst these being a slightly alka-
line condition of the soil, brought about by the appli-
cation of lime to the soil. This is a case where the
microbe is more important than the fertilizer, the
plant itself being thus rendered able to utilize the
atmospheric nitrogen and the inert fertility existent
in the soil in continued growth. The same results
are seen when other legumes are grown after the soil
has been inoculated with the specific microbe of the
crop to be raised. When once a growth of the
legumes is secured by means of the microbic life,
then the atmospheric nitrogen and the inert fertility
of the land in the form of phosphoric acid and potash
become available, and succeeding crops of non-
legumes can be successfully raised without the appli-
cation of fertilizers of any kind, so long as there is
available in the soil a supply of phosphoric acid and
potash. The leguminous crop gathers nitrogen from
the atmosphere through the microbes on its roots, and
thus completes the trio of elements essential to plant
growth. The yield of the succeeding crop will be in
proportion to the sufficiency of the least abundant of
the plant foods present and available. The microbic
life enables the leguminous crop not only to get what
nitrogen it requires for its own perfect growth, but
also to store a surplus of this mo;t essential plant food
in the soil for the benefit of succeeding crops. In
experiments made to illustrate this action, a crop of
crimson clover not inoculated added to one acre of
land 4 pounds of nitrogen, whilst a crop of crimson
clover inoculated with the crimson clover microbe
added to an acre of precisely similar land 143 pounds
of nitrogen, an increase of 33^ times. So it is with
vetches, soy beans, alfalfa, red clover and all the
legumes. This accumulated nitrogen reveals its pres-
ence and its effectiveness in the succeeding crop. Cot-
ton planted after an inoculated crop of red clover
gave an increased yield of 40 per cent. ; Irish potatoes
yielded an increase of 50 per cent. ; wheat increased
by 46 per cent. ; oats 300 per cent., and rye 400 per
cent. With such evidence as to the value of one kind
of microbic life in the soil, it surely cannot be safely
contended that crop production depends solely, or
even mainly, on the quantity of fertilizer applied.
As further evidence of the importance of microbis
life in the soil, the results frequently obtained from
the application of even a small dressing of farm-yard
manure may be cited. The amount of nitrogen, phos-
phoric acid and potash applied in the manure bean

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

723

but very small relation to the effect of the application
on the yield of the crop. In a ton of average barn-
yard manure there is only about 9 lbs. of nitrogen, 8
lbs. of potash and 6 lbs. of phosphoric acid, and this
is largely in forms not immediately available for
plant nourishment, yet the application of 2 or 3 tons
of this manure to an acre will not merely increase the
immediate crop yield, but will show in the crops for
years afterwards. We have frequently seen the effect
of one application of barn-yard manure on every crop
for ten years afterwards, and Sir J. B. Lawes said
that he could see the effect of an application on one
piece of land forty years afterwards. This result
arises not from the quantity of actual plant food sup-
plied in the manure, but from the inoculation of the
soil with microbic life found in and nourished by the
manure. No such results can be seen from the appli-
cation of commercial fertilizers. They put no life
into the soil, but merely place within the reach of the
crop certain forms of plant food in a more or less
available condition, and the ultimate result depends
mainly on the existence in the soil of microbic life,
which can put these food elements into available form
for plant sustenance and growth. This they do by
breaking down organic life in the soil and setting free
certain gases which are absorbed by the soil water,
and this then becomes a powerful solvent of the
mineral plant food in the fertilizer and soil. With-
out microbic life in the soil, commercial and all other
fertilizers are praotically useless in crop production.
With abundant microbic life, and the conditions pres-
ent necessary to its development, siich as soil moist-
ure, temperature, alkalinity and food supply, maxi-
mum crops ean be produced by utilizing the nitrogen
of the atmosphere and the almost exhaustless stores of
phosphorus and potash in the soil. A prime factor in
making all these things "work together for good" is
perfect and deep cultivation and preparation of the
soil. This and not extravagant fertilization lies at
the root of all profitable farming.

IRISH POTATO GROWING IN HENRY CO., VA.

At Phospho-Lithia Springs, Mayor A. S. Bous-
man, of Ridgowny, lias a patch of potatoes which re-
quired 20 bushels to plant, that is the wonder of all
who see it. He has due: over 200 bushels, and has
dug hardly one-third of the patch. It is an assured
fact that he will make 600 bushels. With these won-
derful possibilities before us, what excuse have the
farmers for the fact that Henry county does not pro-

duce enough provisions each year to feed her people
and stock until Christmas time.

THE USE OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS.

The Ohio Experiment Station, as the result of in-
vestigations on the Station Earm, makes the follow
ing pertinent suggestions as to the use of commercial
fertilizers. The suggestions are as applicable in Vir-
ginia and the South generally as in Ohio, and with
cow peas and crimson clover as the source of nitrogen,
instead of red clover, as there used. We would espe-
cially invite attention to the last paragraph of the
suggestions — the making of stable manure. The
keeping of live stock and making manure lies at the
root of the successful and profitable use of commer-
cial fertilizers, and of all profitable farming:

"On all soils the system of management plays a most
important part in the scheme of fertilization. Where
clover grows luxuriantly — and it will do so only on
soils containing a fair supply of humus — a good crop
of clover may secure a sufficient supply of nitrogen
for its own use, with enough to spare for one or two
crops of cereals or potatoes immediately following.
Clover, however, cannot be depended upon to furnish
more nitrogen than this, nor can it make up any defi-
ciency of phosphorus or potassium. Hence, where
clover does its best it may have the effect of so re-
ducing the supplies of phosphorus and potassium that
one or both of these must be furnished before maxi-
mum crops can be grown. Eor example, on a tract of
land on the South Farm of the Experiment Station
at Wooster, on which potatoes, wheat and clover have
been grown in a 3-year rotation for 10 years, the 10-
year average yield of wheat has been:

27 bushels per acre without fertilizers.

33-^ bushels with phosphorus only.

33-J bushels with phosphorus and potassium.

36 biishels with phosphorus, potassium and
nitrogen.

In this case the increase for phosphorus has given
a large profit, but the further gain from potassium
and nitrogen has not been sufficient to justify their
use, except in very small quantity.

On the other hand, on the East Farm of this Sta-
tion, in a 5-year rotation of corn, oats, wheat, clover
and timothy, the land having been exhausted by many
years of cropping with but little manuring, the 10-
year average yield of wheat has been :

9 bushels per acre without fertilizers.

15i bushels with phosphorus only.

17^ bushels with phosphorus and potassium.

24 bushels with phosphorus, potassium and
nitrogen.

In this case the complete fertilizer, carrying phos-

724

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

phorus, potassium and nitrogen has yielded a larger
net profit than any partial fertilizer.

In general, it may be assumed that land which is
sufficiently fertile to produce 50 bushels of corn or 25
bushels of wheat per acre may be held close to the
maximum production by the growth of clover every
third season, with the addition of a small quantity
of phosphorus or potassium, one or both; but when
the average yield falls much below these quantities,
under a 3-year rotation with clover, then the addition
of nitrogen t" the fertilizer is indicated.

For soils which have been depleted by exhaustive
cropping the following system of management is sug-

(1) Apply stable manure to land intended for
corn, using it at the rate of 8 to 10 tons per acre. If
possible, let the manure be taken directly from the
stable to the field, and if it has been dusted during
accumulation with acid phosphate or raw phosphate
rock (floats), its effectiveness will be greatly in-
creased for most soils.

(2) A crop of wheat or oats may follow com
treated as above, without further manuring or fer-
tilizing, and if clover be seeded with this crop, the
clover sod to be manured and planted to corn (or
potatoes) thus establishing a rotation in which clover
is grown every third season in alternation with a
manured and cultivated crop, the best conditions of
fertility recovery will have been provided and a
gradual increase in productiveness may be expected.

(8) If a second crop of small grain be grown (as
wheat after oats) it will be necessary to manure again
or rise use a complete fertilizer if the maximum
yield is obtained. The proportion of ammonia, how-
ever, need not exceed two or three per cent. ( 'lover
should be sown with this crop.

(4) If, for any reason, a third crop of grain be
grown before clover comes into the rotation, it should
receive a fertilizer containing 4 to fi per cent, am-
monia, applied at tin- rate of 300 to 400 pounds per
acre. Such cropping is likely to prove less profitable
than where clover is more frequently grown.

(5) When clover fails to prosper on land that has
been liberally manured or fertilized, making a fair
stand, perhaps, but showing a weak growth after the
wheat has been taken off and finally dying out alto-
gether in spots, the use of lime is indicated. Present
indications are that lime will produce more clover
when applied to a crop preceding the wheat by one or
two seasons than when applied to the crop with which
the clover is sown. No definite quantity of lime can
be stated for all conditions, but it is safe to use a ton
to the acre.

(fi) If a fanner's present system of management
does not provide sufficient stable manure to carry out
this plan, then it is lime to readjust that system; for
the Ohio farmer who undertakes to bring up an es

bausted soil to a profitable state of productiveness
through the use of commercial fertilizers alone will
generally find that the margin between cost of pro-
duction and value of crop will leave him a very
meager compensation for his labor."

BARNYARD MANURE AS A MONEY MAKER.

Since writing the article on "The Manure Heap,"
which appears in this issue, we have received the
American Agriculturist of date 22d October, and in
it find the following article under the above caption.
We commend it to the attention of readers of our
article :

One of the most attractive and interesting exhibits
at the Ohio State Fair this year was one showing the
comparative value of barnyard manure left in the
yard during the winter and fresh manure. For seven
years the Ohio Experiment Station has been study-
ing in the field the question of conserving and rein-
forcing barnyard manure. Director Charles E.
Thorne says the result of this work is that manure,
which is thrown into an open barnyard and permitted
to lie there during the five months of winter before
it is drawn to the field, is for producing an increase
of crop, worth, at present prices, $2.40 per ton of
manure, when the manure is spread on clover sod,
the sod being plowed for corn and the corn followed
by wheat and clover without further manuring or fer-
tilizing.

When the manure, instead of being thrown into the
barnyard, is taken directly from the stable to the field,
the management and cropping being the same as
above, we get an increase of crop to the amount of
$3.25 to each ton of manure. If, however, as the ma-
nure is being accumulated, it is dusted occasionally
with the crude phosphate rock of the South, ground
into a fine powder (called "floats" in the Southern
States), thus reinforcing it with phosphorous and
possibly at the same time preventing some loss of
ammonia, we get a total value of increase of $5.18;
the odd 18 cents more than covering the cost of treat-
ment. The work of the field has been supplemented
by analyses made in our chemical laboratory, which
show that from two-thirds to three-fourths of the fer-
tilizing constituents of the manure may be washed
out of if during the five months of winter exposure;
they also show a very considerable reduction in total
dry substance, indicating that it has required con-
siderably more than a ton of manure, as thrown out
of the stable, to produce a ton as taken from the barn-
yard. From investigations on the quantity of manure
produced by cattle during the winter months of feed-
ing, we are led to conclude that Ohio produces annu-
ally some ten million tons, and that of this undoubt-
edly more than half, probably not less than three-
fourths, is wasted.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

1904.]

BURR CLOVER AS A PREPARATION FOR ALFALFA.

This clover, which is found widely distributed
through the more Southern States, and is highly
prized for winter pasture, is likely to prove of great
value in preparing the land for alfalfa, as the bacteria
found upon it is also effective on the alfalfa plant.
Prof. Kilgore, of the North Carolina Experiment
Station, says of it :

Our experience with burr clover is encouraging.
While we made almost an entire failure from sowing
the clover last summer, due to the very dry, hot fall,
in which almost all grasses and clovers failed, the
areas on which this clover grew last spring were
nicely reseeded and have produced a good crop. After
the clover was taken off last spring, cotton and corn
followed on the same land. This clover gave grazing
last fall and a small amount during the entire winter,
and a large amount after spring opened, and to the
first of April. Since that time the clover has grown
to a height of two feet, and is now maturing seed. I
believe it is the most promising crop we have found
for winter grazing and soil improvement, especially
in rotation with cotton and corn. To show its value
for soil improvement, our experimental plat which
had this crop on it last year, and on which cotton fol-
lowed, yielded four hundred pounds more seed cotton
per acre and without any nitrogen (or ammonia) in
the fertilizer, than a corresponding plat fertilized
with four pounds of complete fertilizer, which cost
40 per cent, more than the fertilizer given to the burr
clover area. "We find that the burr containing the
seed of this clover always carries the bacteria for the
inoculation of the crop. We have found that this
same bacteria inoculates alfalfa. We planted a small
area in alfalfa on the burr clover land last winter and
now have good, vigorous plants, well inoculated, on
the soil. We are using the burr clover soil at Edge-
combe to inoculate our alfalfa. It has been question-
able as to whether or not alfalfa could be grown on the
Eastern sandy lands. Two acres of this crop put out
last spring is now in splendid condition, well inocu-
lated, and give* every promise of being an entire suc-
eess. I think a thin seeding of the burr clover with
alfalfa, or else preceding alfalfa by burr clover to
inoculate the soil, will solve the problem of getting
the proper bacteria in the soil for alfalfa, and at
small cost and trouble. This is the prime considera-
tion in the growing of this crop. Our experiments in
this line, I consider, make it now easy for us to get
this inoculation.

725

HOW I BUILT UP A POOR FARM.

Editor Southern Planter:

If having been the owner of poor land fits a man
to write about it, and if he is competent in proportion

to the poverty of the land, then I think I am the most
competent man in North Carolina to discourse, about
poor land. Some years ago I bought some so poor
that the ownership carried a distinct species of dis-
grace along with it. For time out of mind owners,
and since the war successive tenants, had skinned that
land, or tried to, for generally the land did the skin-
ning, the tenants being poorer at harvest than at seed
time.

This land lay convenient to me. It was free from
rocks, hills and waste place. It was light and indeed
somewhat given to sandiness, and therefore pleasant .
to cultivate. I bought it, giving the owner consider-
ably less than half the price he paid for it a few years
previously, and set to work to make it productive.

I did not intend for that land to break me, as it
was said to have served its former owners ; therefore
I sought to proceed upon economical lines. Aware
that of the three elements of fertility— ammonia,
potash and phosphoric acid — ammonia is both the
most costly and the easiest to escape the soil, I decided
to buy as little ammonia as possible, especially as it
costs about three times as much as the other ingredi-
ents per pound. Of course I had to have ammonia,
but I knew that I could get it without buying it at so
much per ton— in fact, get it free. Potash and phos-
phoric acid I also needed largely. These I had to
buv, because there was no other way to get them into
the soil.

The land was plowed and run off in rows three feet
apart. In these rows I sowed a mixture of 150 lbs.
of kainit and 100 lbs. of acid phosphate per acre.
Listing on this furrow by a farrow from each side, I
then split open the list with one furrow. This served
to mix the fertilizer in the soil and also threw open
the furrow for the peas. In this furrow I sowed
evenly early in June cow peas at the rate of one
bushel to the acre and covered them lightly with a
small tooth cultivator. During the summer, as
needed, they were given three workings with the
small cultivator, no hoe work being required.

The result was a fair crop of cow peas and pea
vines. The peas I picked as soon as ripe and cut the
vines for forage.

In September I plowed under the stubble and ap-
plied broadcast the same quantity and the same kind
of fertilizer used for the peas. This I harrowed in
with a disk harrow, leaving a perfect seed bed. On
this I sowed annual (crimson) clover at the rate of
three gallons to the acre, and dragged it in with a
bush.

The following spring the clover yielded a moderate

726

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

crop of forage, the land being yet too poor to raise
clover with much success.

In 'June I plowed under the-crimson clover stubble
and again drilled in peas, using the same fertilizer
and the same mode of culture as the preceding year.
The autumn showed how my land was improving.
The crop of both peas and pea vines was good— I
might almost say excellent.

In September the pea stubble was plowed under
and crimson clover again sown, the treatment being
the same as that of the fall before. The next spring
gave a very good crop of clover hay indeed. This
I again followed with peas, the cultivation and ma-
nuring being the same as for the two former crops.
The crop of peas and forage that came that summer
was a wonder. Its equal had never been seen in the
neighborhood.

I now found that this pauper farm had been trans-
formed into a very good one indeed, worth many
times what I paid for it. That fall I turned under
the pea stubble and put the land in strawberries— my
staple crop. Since then I have grown as fine berries
and as fine crops of all kinds on that land as anybody
has grown in the county. Every two or three years
I have rotated in cow peas or crimson clover usin-
potash in the form of sulphate of potash and acid
phosphate on the berry crop, and my land grows
better and better. 0. W. Blackball

[November^

HOME GROWN ALFALFA SEED.

We are in receipt of the following letter from the
Department of Agriculture on this subject, and in-
vite the attention of our readers to it. There is no
reason whatever why our farmers should not raise
theii own alfalfa seed, and thus be certain as to its
purity and germinative quality, besides being also
assured of its thorough acclimation. Much depends
on these points as to the success of the crop:

I have your letter of September 17th, and am glad
to know that the raising of alfalfa seed will receive
your attention the coming year. I believe that it
would be an advantage in many cases if farmers
could use home grown seed. I would say that ordi-
narily the second crop is used for seed, although
other crops may be used if the conditions are satis-
factory for the ripening of the seed and curing the
hay. The hay may be mowed, cured and stacked as
for hay. The cutting should be done when about
half of the pods are thoroughly ripe. In many
places the hay is cut with a self-binder and the
sheaves shocked. The threshing then takes place
from the shook. Much of the seed is threshed with
an ordinary threshing machine, but it is much better
to use the alfalfa huller. The yield is likely to be
5-7 bushels per acre. A. S. Hitchcock.

In Charge of Alfalfa and Glover Investigations.
Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

MR. CLARK'S HAY CROP OF 1904.

Editor Son/hern Planter:

I now have the second crop in the barn off my 114-
acre field, which is all I have down to grass this year,
i he first crop yield was 120,173 lbs., the second crop
55,650 lbs.— total for the year on the 114 acres
175,823 Ibs.-over 7f tons to the acre in the two
crops.

The facre field, now seeded 15 years, cut this year
first crop 14,728 lbs., second crop 7,650 lbs.-total
-2,3 < 8 lbs. Total crop on the f-acre field in 15
years at one seeding, 250,650 lbs. Please notice this
year in the two crops over 11 tons. I think the yield
most remarkable, the 15th year after seeding over 11
tons of well-dried hay. One word on the matter of
drying my hay— the first crop this year had an ave-
rage of three full days good sunshine; the second crop
had eight days without rain, five of them bright sun-
shine, well teddered and spread and heaped up every
night. This is my method of drying hay. If your
readers will send me a two-cent stamp I will tell them
how to produce similar crops. George M. Clark.
Higganum, Conn.

WHAT THE PLANTER HAS DONE FOR ONE SUB-
SCRIBER.

We are in receipt of the following very satisfac-
tory letter from a Pennsylvania subscriber." It illus-
trates the importance of the point of perfect prepa-
ration of the land before planting a crop, which we
have so often advised and emphasized. No matter
what the crop, the perfect preparation of the land
before seeding or planting is of infinitely more im-
portance than the quantity oi quality of the fertil-
izer applied :

Editor Southern Planter:

wtS'V been very busy harvesting Irish potatoes.
WlU have 2,200 bushels of potatoes, and thank you,
Mr. Editor, for advising in your spring numbers to
properly fd the soil before planting. * Our spring
was wet and late, and many planted on poorly pre-
pared -round with disappointing results. It pays
to thoroughly pulverize the ffround before planting.
] he : land on which I grew these potatoes would only
yield from half to one ton of timothy hay per acre
I used 800 pounds of fertilizer per acre, buying the
chemicals from one of your advertisers and mixing
them on the barn floor. I did all the work myself

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

727

Yield from 150 to 200 Imshels per acre. Nothing
large about the yield, but considering an old tough
sod and extreme stony ground, I think T did very
well. Neighbors said, "Starve to death" when I
moved on last spring, and now I have $1,100 worth
of potatoes and nearly $200 worth of vegetables to
show for my season's work. I plant with Aspin-
wall potato machinery, and harvest with a,Hallock
digger. Long may the Planter live to do good.

Feed. Haevey.
Clearfield, Pa.

ALFALFA.
Editor Southern ^Planter:

All indications seem to point to Virginia as the
ideal climate and soil for alfalfa. It appears to be
destined to revolutionize our entire system of farm-
ing. One ton of good alfalfa hay is said to be worth
over two tons of either red clover or timothy hay.
In fact, the value is placed much higher by many
chemists, who have analyzed it. One seeding will
last forty years or more, but generally it takes two
years and oftener three to get a good stand, but once
obtained it is almost invaluable. "With inoculation
a stand can be obtained in two years, and it ought
always to be inoculated.

The cost is comparatively small. It has succeed-
ed as far north as Canada, and as far south as Flori-
da. It can be cut four times a year, and the aver-
age yield is about four tons to the acre. The pro-
tein in alfalfa hay makes it extremely valuable for
cattle and hogs, and indeed all stock. My knowl-
edge of it is obtained second hand, but it rests upon
the highest kind of practical evidence of men who
have tried it. It will inevitably raise the price and
Talue of Virginia real estate, and ought to double the
present number of our cattle and hogs. And as far
as I am able to judge, it is eminently suited to the
land of Southside Virginia. It is said by Mr. Shir-
ley, of Indiana, in the last number of the Southeen
Plantee, that in Colorado the roots have been known
to go in the ground 129 feet; this is almost incredi-
ble, but it is certainly true that they will go a great
depth. This is the true reason why it lasts for forty
years or more. From all I can gather, it can be
successfully sowed in Virginia at any time from the
20th of March to the 20th of September, and if it is
inoculated, a good stand can be obtained in two years.
Twenty pounds of good, clean seed to the acre sowed
both ways broadcast ixpon splendidly prepared soil
is the proper amount to sow. One hundred and
fifty pounds of soil at seventy-five cents f. o. b. per

100 pounds is ample to inoculate the acre, and the
stand ought to be disked once every season, and the
weeds and alfalfa be cut with the mower three or
four times a year for the first two years so as to pre-
vent the weeds seeding and to thicken the stand.
After that time when a good stand is obtained the
weeds will give no more trouble. The roots, from
their immense length, draw support from soil which
has never hitherto been utilized by the farmer. It
is worthy of a painstaking trial by every farmer in
Virginia. The writer intends to commence with
ten acres the next season, and, if successful, he will
increase it to fifty as rapidly as is practicable.

Camm Patteson.
Buckingham Co., Va.

SOME GOOD IN ALL METHODS.

Editor Southern Planter:

We see a great deal of contention about different
methods of farming. Many farmers are dogmatic,
one-sided, and fixed in their ways. Some of them
believe commercial fertilizers are the whole thing,
while others more wisely advocate stable manure; a
few would depend almost wholly upon rotation and a
thorough cultivation of the soil. Of this class the
number is very small — smaller, possibly, than it
ought to be.

The fact is that agricultural science is very com-
plicated. Therefore it is necessary in practice to ex-
ercise great care in determining the true method, or
combination of methods. "We need to get all the re-
liable theory and experience that we can and then
sift for the truth.

Sometimes even truths seem to be arrayed in op-
position to each other. I explain this by assiiming
that there are unnoticed differences in the circum-
stances. It is hard to see all sides of a phenomenon
at one glance. For example, a progressive farmer
told me the other day that he was more successful
when he seeded his loose stubble land to grass in the
fall by simply scratching the surface and sowing on
that. He thought the stubble and dead grass acted
as a cover crop, or a mulch, to protect the young crop
in winter.

There is doubtless much truth in this. Yet, on the
other hand, some of the best hay farmers tell us that
tho land should be thoroughly plowed, pulverized and
cleansed of all trash before we sow. They say fur-
ther that there should be no cover crop.

Which is right? Perhaps both are right from
their respective viewpoints. The clean culture far-

728

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

mer sows early in order that his grass may become
well established before winter. He wants all for-
eign matter out of the way of the new crop and the
soil so finely divided in texture that the tender roots
may readily take up the plant food held in solution
and grow off rapidly. The two parties Bee different
points of advantage, and no doubt there is virtue in
each.

All reasonable ways of putting in a crop have
their valuable points. It is the same with all farm
work. This is why there is so much diversity of
opinion about farm matters, and why it is so hard to
have a settled science of agriculture. We thus see
why it is so difficult to agree upon the relative value
of fertilizers, manures and cultivation. Commer-
cial fertilizers do good under favorable circumstances.
Stable manure, we know, makes land much more
productive, and there certainly is no discount on
thorough cultivation and rotation as crop producers.
All have their merits that should be recognized. It
is a great mistake to think that all the good is in any
one method or system of crop production. The best
features of all methods are bound to bring satis-
factory results. X. C Eabke
Powell Station, Term.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be sent to the office of Thi Sotrnowi
Planter. Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of th«
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

"If there is one rule applicable to all successful
farming, it is the old saying that, Whatever ie worth
doing, is worth doing well.' More intensive farming
and a more exact knowledge and practice of the best
methods in every branch are needed. This can be ob-
tained by watching the agricultural papers and studv-
ing reports of the agricultural colleges and experi-
ment stations, which are sent free to all who ask for
them. Farmers want to take a little more pride in
their business, and show it in their surroundings.
They do not need to have their fields unsightly by
reason of weeds and bushes growing where they do
not belong, nor the walls and fences tumbling down,
nor their dooryards littered with tools that should be
:. and carts that should be broken up with much
other rubbish fit only for the wood pile. These are
things, and may not seem to have much in-
fluence on the profit of the farm, but these little
things neglected give it an unthrifty look that helps
to drive the more ambitious children off the farm just
when they are old enough to have taken some pride
in it.

Utilizing Bones.

Will you please state if you know of any way that
I might utilize the lye in potash fertilizers to dissolve
raw bones without the expense of grinding them up.
Do yon believe lime is strong enough to eat the bones
up if covered over them in a box or barrel ? If I
could manage this I could make a cheaper fertilizer
by buying the bones raw. A Subscriber

Port Walthall, Va.

The best way to utilize bones, if you cannot get
them ground, is to dig a trench in clay soil and put in
a layer of bones and then a layer of wood ashes alter-
nately until the trench is filled, and then keep the lot
damp with water. This will gradually soften them
so that they will crumble, and then mix with soil and
apply to the crop. You might use some of the potash
fertilizers, like muriate of potash, to soften the bones,
in the place of the ashes, but this would make the
cost greater. — Ed.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindlv men-
tion the Southern Planter.

Value of Broom Corn Stalk and Chess or Cheat as
Feed.

What is the value of broom corn stalk for feeding
to cattle ? Also cheat or chess that grows sometimes
in winter wheat or oats if ground with corn or
other grain 8 In fact, have either any feeding value?

Surry Co.. Ta. ,j tj; g;

Whilst broom com stalks contain a fair percentage
of nutritive value, the woody fibre is so abundant
that they are unpalatable to stock, and therefore can-
not be usefully utilized as feed. Cheat or chess has
practically no feed value, or a verv low one, for stock.
and is not worth saving for that 'purpose.— Ed.

Early Irish Potato Growing in Tidewater, Va.
I have recently purchase 1 a farm in Mathews
I ounfy, \ a., and \ want to make a specialtv of Irish
potatoes m a trucking crop. This land is a'loam but

I '' ^]11 y°™ '"' kind enough to tell me in your

next issue the band of seed to use. how manv bushels
ro plant to the acre, the kind, how much fertilizer to
use and when to plant ? I want to get these potatoes
on the market as soon as possible in the spring. In
tact T want to beat the other fellow if possible. You
might also indicate as to the preparation of the land
cultivation, etc. W. D. BrELET

Mathews Co., ya.

The soil for the early Irish potato crop should be a

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

729

mellow, sandy loam, well supplied with vegetable
matter. Land newly cleared from the forest is excel-
lent, but the best preparation on old land is to grow a
crop of peas on the land the previous season and let
them die on the land to be plowed under for the crop.
The plowing under should be done as soon as the
vines are dead in fall, as if plowed under just before
planting they are apt to promote the scab fungus.]
Planting should be done as soon as the land can be
gotten in good order after January, and they should
be planted not later than the first half of March to get
on the Northern markets when high prices prevail.
As the crop is to be grown at a time when nitrifica-
tion in the soil is not active, a high grade fertilizer
should be used. Irish potatoes are one crop upon
which the highest grade of commercial fertilizer can
be used with greater success than any other form of
manuring. The use of farm-yard manure on the crop
is very liable to cause scab. The fertilizer must be
applied with a liberal hand. Many of the best grow-
ers use from 1,000 to 2,000 lbs. of the highest grade
fertilizer per acre. The following formulas may be
used: 300 lbs. nitrate of soda, 600 lbs. fish scrap, 800
lbs. acid phosphate (14 per cent.), 300 lbs. muriate
0f potash— or 300 lbs. nitrate of soda, 600 lbs. cotton
seed meal, S00 lbs. dissolved bone black, 300 lbs
muriate of potash.

It will take from 8 to 10 bushels of seed to plant
an acre, cut to 2 or 3 eye pieces. The best seed to use
for the crop is second crop Southern grown seed. As
to the variety — this is a question on which there is
much difference of opinion, but we still strongly favor
the Early Rose, when seed of true breeding can be
relied upon. Thoroughbred, Red Bliss Triumph,
Puritan and Crown Jewel are also desirable varieties.
If you are satisfied that your land is good enough to
grow the crop— that is to say, has sufficient vegetable
matter in it — plow at once, and plow deeply. Work-
it whenever dry enough through the winter, and then
at the time above named lay off in rows 2 ft. 6 or 3
feet apart and plant 15 inches apart in the rows —
Ed.

and the ground to become consolidated again. The
crop turned under late makes the soil too puffy for
the best success of the wheat. — Ed.

Preparing Pea Fallow for Wheat.

How would you prepare corn land for wheat upon
which is a fair cover of peas? Would it be better to
turn the peas under, or would they help the land if
disked in with a disk harrow? J. M. W.

Franklin Co., Va.

Cut the peas into the groiuid with a disk harrow.
It is always risky to plow a pea crop down for wheat,
unless done very early, so that they have time to rot

Road-Making.

We have made a stretch of road, with gravel taken
from river bed. The gravel was screened and the
coarser put in the bottom and the finer on top to a
total depth of 5 to 6 inches. The road packs a little
after rain, but soon dries out and becomes soft and
loose, making it unpleasant for driving and difficult
for hauling. What can you suggest doing to make the
-ravel bond, and thus make a hard Macadam road?
Transylvania Co., N. C. H. E. Teneb.

Spread on the road a good coating of heavy clay
soil and harrow this well into the gravel, and then roll
and keep well rolled until thoroughly consolidated,
takino- care to keep the centre of the road well above
the sides so that no water will stand upon or soak into
it after it has once been rolled. — Ed.

Lump on Calf— Japan Clover.

1. I have a male calf six months old that has a hard
lump nearly as large as my fist immediately in front
of navel. It appears to be very painful to the touch,
and seems to make the animal dull and languid. Give
cause and remedy for same.

2. Is Japan clover of any value as feed? My
pasture has become completely overrun with it, to the
exclusion of grass. My cattle do not seem to thrive
on it. I have heard cows would dry up from eating
it D. J. Walleb.

Spotsylvania Co., Va.

1. This is a case of umbilical hernia. It is often
seen in young animals, and frequently heals sponta-
neously as the animal gets older. As the animal gets
older the abdominal muscles get stronger and possess
more, power of resistance to pressure, the bowels be-
come larger and do not pass so readily through a
small opening, so that from a combination of causes
there is a gradual growing together or adhesion of the
sides of the navel. In cases of umbilical hernia,
where there are no indications that. a spontaneous cure
will take place, the calf should be laid on its back, and
immediately this is done the hernia will often disap-
pear into the abdomen. If it does not, its reduction
may be brought about by gentle handling, endeavor-
ing, if need be, to empty the organs forming the
hernia before returning them into the abdomen. After
the hernia has been returned the hair should be clip-
ped off from the skin covering it and a compress com-
posed of ten or twelve folds of linen or cotton should
be applied, first smearing the skin with pitch, and
then a bandage of about three inches wide should be

730

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

passed round the body so as to retain the compress in
position. Smear the part of the bandage next the
compress with pifch to keep it in place. If the con-
tents of the sac cannot be returned into the abdomen,
then a surgical operation will be necessary to reduce
the hernia.

2. Japan clover is a plant of the legume familv,
and, like all the legumes, makes valuable feed and
constantly improves the land upon which it grows bj
gathering nitrogen from the atmosphere. There is no
truth in the saying that it dries up cows. The reason
that your cows do not thrive upon it is because the
growth is not sufficiently tall to give them a good bite.
When the land becomes rich enough to grow it Luxu-
riantly, they will thrive on it. We have heard the
late Mr. Kowe, of Eredericksburg, who was one of the
first men in the State to sow Japan clover, sav that.
although he gave a high price for the seed, he would
not be without it on his farm even if he had to give
$10 a bushel for the seed, and he kept one of the finest
herds of Jersey cattle in the State. As an improver
of the land alone, it is worth growing, as it will grow
and thrive on poorer land than almost any of the
legumes, and gradually fits them for producing other
crops. In the Gulf States it makes a valuable hav
crop. — Ed.

[November,

Preparing Land for Corn— Implement Dealers-
Spring Wheat.

1. I have a piece of land, somewhat sandv loam,
which has been resting ( f) for the past two years. I
want to plow it this fall for corn next spring. Will
lime sown broadcast this fall help it any ! How
much lime to an acre would you use ?

-. Name some <>f the largest agricultural imple-
ment concerns, as I want to get their catalogues.

3. Will spring wheat grow in this State success-
fully j What variety would you advise (

Campbell Co., Va. C. W. Hek. Jr.

1. Plow the land this fall or winter, and plow it
deep, and if possible subsoil it as well. Then apply
50 bushels of lime per acre and run a harrow over it
to just mix the lime with the soil, but not to bury it
deeply.

2. Ashton Starke, The Implement Co.. Henning ft
Xuckols. Watt Plow Co.. Call Watt Co. are all large
dealers in implements in this city, and will gladly
send you catalogues. See our advertising columns
for others elsewhere.

3. Spring wheat cannot be grown successfully in
this State.— Ed.

Lime.

How much can I afford to pay for common rock
or builders' lime for agricultural' purposes, and haul
same four miles over fairly good road ? In other
words, will it go any further than the shell lime '. The
lime in question has become air slacked by standing
in house eight or ten months J R D ^

Pitt Co., N.C. '

The lime is no more valuable than shell lime in
this condition. Both are carbonates of lime, and both
will prove of great value to your land. You should
get it for $3 per ton.— Ed.

Sores on Mule.

Please give me a remedy for sores on my mule's
legs. They appear to l,e caused bv the animal biting
itself, which shows there is itching. They heal in
winter, but appear again in summer, and sometimes
swell the limb. E. J. Paxxilt..

Wash off the scabs with soap suds and a brush, if
necessary, and then apply a solution of tobacco, 1|
ounces in 2 pints of water, prepared by boiling the
tobacco in the water. Repeat once or twice at inter-
vals of 10 or 15 days. — Ed.

Wheat and Oats as Feed.

I saw an article some time ago in the Plaxteh
stating that the most economical wav of feeding oats
to stock was to have them threshed out and feed^them
loose and bale the straw and feed that in winter. It
is our custom here in Anson County to mix wheat
with our oats, and when thev come" ripe enough to
feed we cut them and feed without threshing. What
I want to know is. will wheat and oats sowed in this
way threshed out make as good feed as the oats will
by themseh E K BvyLXT

A nson Co., N. C.

We do not recall ever having advised the threshing
of oats intended to be fed to stock, though some one
else may have done so. Our advice alwavs has been
to feed the oats in the straw. In this wav the full
feedmg value of the crop, and it is a high one. is se-
cured. The mixing of wheat with the oats will not
improve the feed value of the crop, as oats alone, both
grain and straw, have a higher feed value than wheat
and wheat straw. The mixing of the two crops will
result in a greater yield of feed, as this is almost in-
variably the result of growing two of the cereals
together. We have had a number of reports of the
mixed crop, showing this to be the case. The two
crops grown together and cut in the milk stage make
excellent feed, but it should be fed as cut and not be
threshed. — Ed.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

731

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH. I phosphoric acid and potash and well rotted manure.

The ^tT-s of -I "n Erf*- and truck Lsl manure is apt to introduce weed seeds mto the

f.tch bSng now over, opportunity should be taken beds, which make work and trouble m sprung.

to clean up thoroughly all trash and rubbish and to

kura the same, so as to destroy all spores of fungoid,
diseases and the eggs and embryos of all insects.
When this has been done, have all unoccupied land
plowed deeply, and give it a dressing of lime at the
rate of 50 bushels to the acre. This will sweeten the
soil which is very apt to become soured and unpro-
ductive-and in need of lime to hasten the decay of
vegetable matter turned under. Harrow the lime in
lightly and then seed with a mixture of crimson
clover; hairv vetch and wheat and oats. This will
make 'a cover for the soil during winter, and give
green feed for the chickens and a good fallow to plow
down in the spring.

Land may be got ready for planting bush fruits
and orchard trees, and the bushes, canes and trees
may be set out towards the end of the month and m
December. Do not place manure in the holes in
which the trees are to be set, but plant them with
good soil and mulch the ground after the plants are
set with strawy manure to afford protection and slow
feeding during the winter and spring. In setting out
an orchard for home supply set out a few trees of
varieties maturing their fruit at different seasons, so
as to keep up a continuous supply for the table. In
planting an orchard for commercial purposes plant
only one or two standard varieties adapted to the
section. It is much easier to market a large crop
of one or two varieties than a mixed lot. Buyers

The planting of cabbages for the spring crop should ^ ^u<yci

be pushed on so that the same may get hold of the soil | ^ ^ ^ ^^ lotg rf Qne varietVj Dut the seller

~„a ^mmoT.™ tn make, root growth before winter I , — , ,, i™™_a -for small lots of

and commence to make root growth before winter
sets in. See that the land is made rich with plenty
of barn-yard manure and some high-grade fertilizer,
not too rich in ammonia, but having plenty of phos-
phoric acid and potash. In our last issue we gave
some advice as to the manner of setting out the plants,
to which we refer our readers.

has generally to seek the buyers for small lots of
many varieties.

ONION GROWING.

In our last issue we advised the planting of onion

sets for the early spring green onions and for dry

bulbs for the early market. A series of experiments

Lettuce plants should be set out m the cold trames ^ ^^ conducted at the Oregon Experiment Sta-

X tion to determine the relative advantages of growing
onions by transplanting and by sowing in the field.

for winte/and early spring cutting. See to it that
the soil put into the frames is in a sweet and friable
condition. Never use the old soil in the frames for
lettuce, as it is very apt to cause rotting of the plants
and damping off. Keep the frames open as long as
the weather is mild.

Celery should be earthed up so as to blanch the
same. Keep the soil out of the hearts of the plants
by either tying the stalks together with soft material
or by holding them close together with the hand when
drawing the soil to them.

The seed for the onions to be transplanted was sown
in boxes in January, and they were kept slowly
^rowing in cool frames until March, when they were
transplanted into the field. The seed for the open
field grown crop was sowed in drills in the field on
February 28th. The following table gives the re-
sults :

Yield

Trans-
planted.
Variety. B"9-

Sutton Ailsa Craig "2

Australian Brown 648

Red Wethersfield 432

Silver Skin 432

Yellow Globe 770

Inrr'e due

Field to trun--
Sown. planting

Bus.

393
•525
263
280
485

Bus.

599
123
169
152

285

Cover asparagus beds with a heavy coating of
barn-yard manure, first cutting off the old stalks and
weeds.

Set out strawberrv p^Tin well prepared land.) The table brings °*^^*^J^
Be careful not to set We plants too deep so as to cover obtained with all varieties with the earlier g

the crowns. Let the land be made fairly rich with ' and transplanting.

732

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

STRAWBERRIES IN OCTOBER.
\\ e have been eating strawberries for several weeks
this month grown a- shorl distance out of this eitv,
and sold al 20 cents per basket. The grower has had
quite a tine crop of beautifully colored and flavored
berries— in fact, much flner flavored than those we
li:|,! "i the spring, when, on account of the cold
weather, they were hard and sour. This fall crop is
worth attention, as the berries sell readily after the
bulk of the peach crop is gone. They can* be had by
setting out (lie plants in the fall and not allowing
them '" 1.1. »>iii and set fruit in the spring. Ed.

[November,

I could select, especially the rich soil of Washington
county. We have better apple soil, richer, cheaper,
nearer the exportation port, cheaper labor and many
natural advantages. There is no reason for leaving
the State to find land to engage in a profitable and
delightful business. About 75 per cent, of the ap-
ples planted in the mountainous regions are York
Imperial and Ben Davis, while Grime's Golden Mia-
sour] Pippin, (Jan... Jonathan, Landford Seedling,
M. B. Twig, Win, -a,,. Stayman's Winesap, N W
Greening, Rome Beauty and Smith's Cider are plant-
ed in light quantities by many.

APPLE GROWING IN THE EAST.

We take the following extract from an address
made by Mr. Orlando Harrison before the Maryland
Horticultural Society, as reported in the Country
Gentleman :

Apple, are attracting the attention of the fruit-
grower as well as the farmer more than at any other
nme in the past, as the apple has become a necessity.
Only a few weeks ago T had the pleasure of visiting
Frederick Wellhouse, of Kansas, at his home, a man
seventy-five year- of age, full of enthusiasm for ap-
ples, lie has now planted 1,635 acres, and is recog-
nized as the apple king of the world; has made a
financial success, and the earnest advice he gave me
-n apple-growing was of greal value. He impressed
n me the necessity of system, keeping accurate ac-
counts of what is expended, and insists that a man
who plant- apple trees, cultivates well the first five
years, ami has push :,,.,1 vim, and makes his orchard
self-supporting the first five wars, cannot help but
succeed.

.Mr. Wellhouse succeeds Lest with the following
'•ari.ties, named in order as t,, their value: Jonathan
Missouri Pippin, Ben Davis, Winesap, Gano, York
hnperial, Maiden's Blush and Cooper's Early.' The
two la-i named varieties he ha- marked from his list
in his l.'.-i plantings. He has marketed his crop as
h.w as five and a half cents per bushel, while it has
cos! him a- much a- ten cent- per bushel to pick and
barrel them. Hi- largesl crop was fa 1890, being
79,170 bushels from thirty-five acre-. He prefers
the high hills of the best soil for best success, and
such land costs him $.",0 per acre. He has made a
reputation as a successful apple-grower, and is proud
of bis profession, which has helped toward success.

After spending three weeks in the West, seeing
whore the apple seedlings were grown mi the black
bottoms frequently overflowed by water, while their
nurseries and orchards ofte,, do not go'through the
winter safely, T feel better contented with Maryland
a- an apple-growing State far in advance of any other

[SHOULD FARMERS RAISE THEIR OWN FRUITS?

Editor Southern Planter:

That fruit, in the fruit season, is atrreeable to the
taste healthful and desirable a- a part of our diet is
ne.t disputed by anybody. That farmers generally
should raise all the fruits needed by their families is
a proportion not quite ,o clear. There are some
States ,„ the Union, and some regions in each State
where the soil and climate are not favorable for
raising some kinds of fruit, and possibly not the best
quality oi any. In these State-, or parts of States
it would seem that the question of fruit raisin
lieen decided in the negative by the Almighty ' Rich
or pleasure, may -row tropical fruits ;„ hot
nouses, but the generality of farmer- will raise the
crops t..r which their -oil and climate are adapt,,]
and buy their oranges and prunes from Florida and
( aliforma. This is fa accordance with the true
principles of trade, without which there could he,,.,
commerce.

Tt may not always he the best policy for a farmer
to raise all the fruits which grow well in his neigh-

l"'1'1 L °!I" man cannot do everything, and do it

XN'"1L He 11,1"''1 be able | , buv s,„„e of his fruits
cheaper than he could raise them. Men who do
only one particular thin- boccme very expert at that
consequently can do it quicker, better and cheaper
I han the man with less knowledge and experience
,I,":r,r;ir" soml P1«»B where even quite common
trnit like strawberries cann.., he bought and a far-
mer must raise them himself or go without them

".'"''''' aPPle ^ees grow well, are long lived and
productive, as in most of the Eastern and Middle
state-, farmers should certainly set out trees enough
of the best varieties to supply their families with
this fang of all the tree fr^t*. Where the soil and
climate are unfavorable, as in many parts of the
V.'-'' *f ': "", ",llv ^profitable, hut vexatious and
discouraging to set out trees, as they only live a few
years after they begin to hear, and' more trees must
Y f,mxi "virv f""' years to supply their places.

Adam- county, 111. grapes, raspberries black-

1!)04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

733

berries and strawberries grow nicely, but Mr. Jobn
M. Stahl says that it costs considerably more to raise
apples, and five times as much to raise poaches, pears
and plums than the same quality of fruit can be
bought for raised in more favorable localities. The
same may be said of more counties in that and sev-
eral other Western States. In Kane county. 111., I
was told by a friend who has lived there a long time,
that eight years was about the average lifetime of
apple trees. They could be made to live longer by
the protection of a wind-brake, but the protection
would cost labor, and make the fruit more expen-
sive.

In Missouri thousands of apple trees die every
year from what they call "root blight," and the
remedy is said to be to allow the trees to form a head
so low down that the lower limbs rest on the ground.
If the remedy were a sure one, apples could be raised
it is true, but such orchards could not be cultivated
or kept seeded with valuable grasses, and would soon
crow up full of noxious weeds, and instead of being
a thing of beauty, would soon become an eye-sore and
a harbor for woodchucks, skunks and other wild
vermin.

Currants, all things considered, are the most valu-
able and easiest raised of all the small fruits. Thev
are not so delicious to the taste as strawberries, but
are more valuable because so much easier raised.
They are indigenous in the temperate zone of Asia,
Europe and America, and the black variety is so
hardy it endures the rigorous climate of the Shet-
land Islands. The red and white varieties are the
best, the whites not being quite so sour as the red.
With reasonable care and manuring, they will grow
on the same ground as Ions; as asparagus, and pro-
duce crops every year. For thirty years our bushes
have not failed to bear evcrv season. The only labor
is to manure them, keep the weeds pulled out, the old
canes removed, and the green worms destroyed. A
little white hellebore, about a heaping tablespoonful
in ten quarts of water, well stirred and sprayed on
from a watering pot will kill the worms every time.

There is no other fruit that will remain on the
bushes so Ion"1 after wetting ripe without rotting or
drying up, becoming tasteless or wormy. It seems
to ho their particular virtue to hang on the hushes
and keep good until they can ho used.

There is no good reason why farmers should not
raise gooseberries. Thov are not quite so good
tasted as currants, and the hi shes are full of sharp
thorns, which wound the hurried picker's hands, but
they are easily raised, are fine for stewing or can-
ning, and provide an agreeable change, which all
tastes desire. Their chief enemy is the currant
worm, which must be fought with hellebore. Rasp-
berries and blackberries are as easily raised as cab-
bage or corn. The wild black caps and reds from

the woods of the vicinity will improve by cultivation,
and be the kinds that will surely endure the climate.
Most farmers raise grapes, and all ought to. The
Clinton and Concord, though not the best, are the
hardiest here and will endure the most neglect.

• J. W. Ingham.
Except in the mountains of the west of this State
we have never seen either currants or gooseberries
grown in the South worth gathering. The climate
is too warm for them. The gooseberries raised are
poor, miserable, sour berries, no larger than the wild
ones to be found in England. We have in that
country grown gooseberries by the bushel as large as
plums, and quite as good flavored and sweet as the
best plums. Mildew is the great enemy of the goose-
berry in this country. There has not yet been pro-
duced a berry resistant to this disease. We would
not advise any one to try to raise currants or goose-
berries in the South. Strawberries are the best of
the small fruits for the South. In bush fruits,
blackberries and raspberries are the best, but even
these suffer in a hot summer, and are small and
hard. — Ed.

STOCKS AND SCIONS: THEIR MUTUAL
INFLUENCES.

Although a great deal is written about fruit and
fruit trees in all agricultural papers, but little is
ever said about grafting and budding, and what little
one does see consists, almost without exception, of
brief instructions how to perform these compara-
tively simple operations.

This, however, is but the A B C of the business,
and, I fear, but few of us have got beyond it, or if
we have, have religiously kept our information to
ourselves. The important questions of the relative
influences of stock on scion and of scion on stock
are, almost without exception, passed over in silence,
and yet the size, quality and time of ripening of
fruit largely depend on the kind of stock used.

Referring to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, article
"Horticulture," this point is briefly alluded to, and
one interesting illustration showing the influence of
stock on scion is given — namely, the Cytisus Adami,
a graft hybrid, originated bv grafting Cytisus Pur-
pureus on the common laburnum, the hybrid produc-
ing some flowers and folium like each of its parents,
and some intermediate between the two.

I am satisfied that a late apple grafted on the
stook of an early variety, or on the seedling of one,
matures earlier, and an early grafted on a late, ma-
tures later than the average ; also, the size, shape,
color and flavor of the fruit are more or loss influ-
enced.

I believe manv nurserymen have been blamed for

734

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

selling stock not true to name, where the fault has I
been due to careless selection of stocks to graft on.

Unfortunately, it does not appear that enough
experiment;; have been recorded to reduce the laws of
grafting (outside of politics) to anything like scien-
tific accuracy.

I trust some more experienced than I will con-
tribute their experience? in this most interesting and
profitable subject.

In a nearby orchard, a friend of mine lias grafted
one variety of pear on different stock, which pear is
a large late cooking variety, and the nature of the
different stocks on which it is grafted is known.

On the Bartlett, the pear partakes of that nature.
being modified in shape and markings to that of the
Bartlett, the flavor being slightly mellowed, but its
large size being well mainlined.

Grafted on the Seckel, both shape and skin ap-
proximate to that variety, though retaining the large
size; whilst a third, grafted on the mountain ash,
differs from both the others. The original pear ap-
pears somewhat different from any of these, but I
do not know what the nature of the stock it is grafted
on may be.

I remember eating pears in both England and
Ireland which had gritty flesh next the core, and in
both countries this was. rightly or wrongly, attribu-
ted to their being grafted or. the English hawthorn
or white thorn stock.

Another subject of interest is fruit tree seedlings.
Presumably, the nearer the fruits approximate to
the wild varieties, the less variation there will be in
the specimens raised from seed.

At any rate, I believe it to be a fact that apricots,
peaches and quinces will reproduce themselves with
fair regularity, apples and pears seldom, generally
producing worthless varieties, with an occasional
notable exception of market value: whilst good cher-
ries, a fairly g 1 percentage of marketable varie

e may be >-.'m\ of plums. Walnut?
seem fairly constanl to the original type; while cob-
nuts and filberts tend to revert to the wild hazel,
whence they sprung. Occasionally, however, a

riety as g 1 as, or better, than the parent is found.

Of course, with all frnii-. careful hybridizing is of
the utmost importance if definite results along given
lines are desired. — W. F. L Hamilton, in Farmers'
Advocate ( Canada).

WHAT ARE THE BEST VARIETIES OF PEACHES
FOR VIRGINIA.

Mr. H. II. Price, Montgomery Co., Va.:

Dear Sir, — Your "History of the Peach." South-
ki;n Planter, September, 1904, shows 1 have been

planting a wrong race of peaches for this latitude
(Stump, Cranford, etc.). T am in Albemarle coun-
ty, Va.. within two miles of Blue Ridge, elevation
900 feet ; soil, red clay loam : good, natural drainage:

field level. Could you be so good as to tell me the
best peaches to plant here, and where I can buv the
Yours truly. M. B. Laxghoexe.

Albemarle Co., Va.

While it is a very difficult thing to recommend
suitable varieties of peaches especially for a given Id-
eality, still we are beginning to learn that there are
races of peaches best adapted to certain thermal lines.
Leaving out high elevations on mountain sides. T
would not hesitate to plant a considerable number of
Elberta and Mamie Ross varieties in this State.
These varieties C"ine from the "North China race."
They are late bloomers and are hardy in bud. El-
berta is not a good pollenizer, when planted largely
by itself. Mamie Ross is an excellent pollenizer for
itself and Elberta. Therefore I would plant the two
together. The Elberta variety has made several men
rich in Georgia and Texas. It heads the list of great
market peaches of the world. It goes to the northern
markets from the above mentioned States by the
train load. It has gone also in sample packages into
the English markets. When the Texas and Georgia
crops have been exhausted, why could not Virginia
and the Carolinas follow up with other shipments.
These two varieties undoubtedly would grow well on
our light sandy rolling lands. Our apple orchards
could be planted on richer and more clayev soils. The
peaches would be harvested and gone before the ap-
ples come in. By growing both crops the market
season of the grower would be prolonged to the ad-
vantage of his purse. The peach is being neglected
in Virginia owing largely to the belief of the uncer-
tain fruiting habits of this fruit. The wrong va-
rieties have been planted. Bad locations for or-
chard- have ! I. Borers have killed thou-
sands of trees in the State. We have learned now
bow to overcome all these difficulties. Now let us
plant some peaches this fall of the two varieties T
have mentioned. Let the peach industry in Virginia
grow. There is scarcely a better yellow canning
peach than the Elberta variety. We can put up all
we do not ship. The peach is one of the best paying
fruits to can. as I know by experience. Plant peach
orchards on the mountain sides and canneries in the
valleys along the small streams. Begin the work this
fall. Where can I obtain the varieties? I have not
examined the lists of Virginia nurserymen for these
two varieties. If they do not have them. I want
them to get them. They can be bought of Texas and
Georgia nurserymen by the car load. Let us have
more questions asked about the peach. What arc
your difficulties '. 1 will answer them through the
Piaster. R. H. Price.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKX PLANTER

735

Live Stock and Dairy.

THE MANAGEMENT OF BEEF CATTLE.
Editor Southern Planter:

The season of the greatest interest and concern to
the man who proposes to feed beef cattle is rapidly
approaching. Now is the time when he must give
consideration to the kind and class of animals he will
feed the coming winter, for on the selection of the
animals depends very much the profits derived from
his labors and the price obtained for his foodstuffs.
Any one contemplating feeding beef cattle must think
aVmt it a long time in advance in order to arrange
matters to the best advantage, locate supplemental
foodstuffs which it will be necessary to purchase, and
secure them for spot cash when the market price is
lowest. As a rule, it is a mistake to wait until a few
days before it is desired to put cattle on feed to locate
them. One then generally has to pay a higher price
and has to be satisfied with a class of cattle that are
not as good as could be obtained had forethought and
a definite plan formed a part of the contemplated
work. Possibly more loss is sustained through a fail-
ure to study the markets and the best condition of the
cattlo trade six months hence — the selling time — than
from any other cause. In a number of instances last
winter men who had undertaken the feeding of cattle
failed, according to the observation of the writer, be-
canse of a failure to map out a definite plan before
they commenced feeding. One man, for example,
started to feed a number of cattle for the Christmas
market. He had had very little experience, and not
knowing how long it took to finish an animal, found
them unfit for the market when Christmas arrived.
He had foolishly commenced feeding them a heavy
grain ration from the start, thinking by so doing he
would finish them rapidly, and thus he found his
grain pretty well exhausted before his cattle were half
finished. He had also fed them about twice as much
grain as was necessary to secure a good gain, and
hence with half-finished cattle on his hands used to
a heavy grain ration, he could not let down on the
.amount of meal fed. There was no recourse but to
increase the supply of meal and continue to feed for
several months in order to get rid of the cattle at a
fair price. The experiment, so far as he was con-
cerned, was a financial failure, though men in the
vicinity where this happened fed cattle at a profit.
The other instances referred to, while different in
derails, were similar in results, and the cause was
almost the same. The inference to be drawn is that
one who proposes to feed cattle must know what he is

trying to do, and then must proceed in an intelligent
way if he hopes to succeed.

Eormulating the plan is therefore the first essential
and might appropriately form a feeder's motto. True,
a plan, no matter how well prepared, cannot always
be adhered to ; but it is easier to meet contingencies
with one in mind than when going at haphazard gait.
After the cattle are secured many persons make the
mistake of putting them on feed at once. Animals
brought off the grass will not readily take to a fodder
and grain ration. They must be given several days
in which to become accustomed to the changed food
and surroundings. This is appropriately termed the
preliminary feeding period, and should cover from 7
to 14 days, the longer perod being preferable. During
this time very little grain need be fed ; just enough
to accustom them to its use and to get them to relish
it. Give them a fair supply of rough fodder or silage,
as the case may be, but do not feed lavishly. The
attempt should be rather to teach them to acquire a
liking for the new food.

Animals will sometimes not take readily to new
kinds of food for several days, examples of which are
sometimes seen in the case of silage and cotton seed
meal. After they once acquire a taste, however, they
eat these foods ravenously. The "putting -on-food"
process should therefore be slow and deliberate. A
violent change of foodstuffs requires a new adjust-
ment of the digestive system, and many people make
the mistake of trying to rush cattle on a heavy grain
ration in the beginning, with the result that the appe-
tite soon becomes cloyed and the animals go "off
feed," something little short of a disaster to the
feeder. With new foods and forced feeding from the
beginning, the digestion is likely to be upset, so the
cloving of the appetite and "getting off feed" is often
not a simple matter, but something whose effects may
be felt for several months. It sometimes happens
that the animals never again acquire the keen appetite
with which they started out when first put on feed.
Thus, the preliminary feeding is a very important
period, determining very often the success which will
finally lie attained. ,

Where cattle, are to be fed for 150 or 180 days, to
be finished on grass for early slaughter, at least 30 to
60 'lavs should be consumed in bringing them to full
feed. Tn fact they do not reach what is the final con-
centrate limit until within the last 30 to 60 days.
At the end of the preliminary feeding period of two
weeks, the roughness ration may be brought to its full

736

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

limit, though at this time not more than i to 6 pounds | soured or fire-fanged places occur in the Bilage, throw

of meal is best i" feed per head per day. The meal
ration may then be increased one-half to one pound
per week, depending on the size of the animals. If
the animals are being fed for 150 days, this will give
rime months, or twelve or thirteen weeks in which to
reach the final limit of the concentrates fed. Animals
weighing 800 pounds and receiving four pounds of
meal when first placed on feed, would then be receiv-

ni 12 to 15 pounds of meal per head per day,
which is all that they will consume profitably. In
fact, in our experience where silage has been fed it
has generally -t profitable to limit the meal

with such animals to ten pounds if of cotton
seed meal, and to ten to twelve pounds if consisting of
•me third to one half cotton seed meal and the balance
of corn and cob meal. By raiding the meal ration
gradually the digestion of the animal is never upset
nor the appetite impaired, and thus uniform gains

ai btained fn m the beginning to the end of the feed

something which is absolutely neces

them to one side, as it is liable to throw the animals
■ H feed and cause indigestion. The same is true of
the meal. Cotton seed meal sometimes becomes stale.
See that only bright, golden-colored meal is pur-
•hased, and then keep it in a well-protected place, so
ir will hold its flavor and quality throughout the feed-
ing period.

One who contemplates feeding cattle must provide
some means for weighing them, if the best results are
to be obtained. Cattle must be weighed at least every
ten to fifteen days in order that an estimate may be
made of their gains, and the food adjusted to their
needs, and it is only in this way that one can keep up
with the progress of the respective individuals, for
the eye is very deceiving, and the best gains are fre-
quently made when one supposes the animals to be
standing still. The scales are the best criterion by
which to ascertain the individual progress of the ani-
mal and the food supplies needed for the best gains.
When one finds the animals not making satisfactory

sarv if large train- are to be made, for when an animal i increase in live weight, the food can be readjusted —

'off feed" it often takes two weeks to bring him I one concentrate increased or decreased, or a new

back, and during that time he will certainly stand I roughness given. Very trifling changes sometimes

still, if he does not lose. j give surprising results, and it is hard to see how one

During the pr< gress of the feeding experiment the
consumption of roughness will decrease and the con-
centrate- increase, and it is well to bear this in mind

• allow a lot of food to accumulate in the
mangers. There is nothing that will throw an animal
•iff feed sooner or destroy his appetite more quickly
than to leave the mangers full of spoiled, picked-over

Tl i mere breathing of the animals on this
food make- it distasteful to them, and it will also
soon become musty, thereby endangering both the
appetite and the health of the animal-. The manger
should •:n,i ■•fully each day and washed once

in a while with a 3trong solution of borax or salt. It
may take a little time to do this, but it is labor well
expended, for animals on heavy feed are very likely
to bee me dainty, which is, to say the least, a mis-
fortune.

should al>.. b exercised to see thai the £ Li

• the most palatable condition. Palatability
e consumption of food, and large and uni-
form gain can only follow where food i- consumed

and in the best condition for rapid digestion

and assimilation. Musty, dirty food should not !>o

offered to animal-. < 'lean, bright hay and fodder can

be had just as well as the other kind, if the farmer is

m in, and if he is not, he bad better

• hi of the cattle-feeding business. Should

an hope to feed cattle successfully where no scales
are available for weighing them from the time they
are first placed on feed until they are ready for ship-
ment. Certainly feeding cannot be done in the ab-
sence of a pair of scales, with the greatest economy of
food.

Another important matter is to see that the animals
are uniformly supplied with good pure water and
plenty of salt. A lump of rock salt may be kept in
the mangers or feeding troughs. A daily currying is
a greal advantage, as it keeps the skin open and
healthy and aids circulation — a very important mat-
ter. It is al-o important to see that the animals are
kept in comfortable surroundings — good clean stalls,
with plenty of bedding. An open lot i's not satisfac-
tory, where the animals have to tramp through mud
and are exposed to 'he rains of the winter season.
(Jive them some kind of an open shed, where they can
be clean and well supplied with bedding, and you will
add much to their comfort and insure a larger train
and a greater profit. Amuiew M. Soule.

Virginia Experiment Station.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men-
tion the Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

HEREFORD ASSOCIATION FOR VA. ORGANIZED.

An enthusiastic body of Hereford cattle breeders
met at the Hotel Roanoke, Roanoke, Va., on Wednes-
day, September 28, 1904, at 8 P. M. to discuss the'
subject of an organization of a Virginia Hereford
Breeders' Association, to promote the interests of the
Hereford breed in the State and lower South, and to
hold annual sales at some central point in the State
to provide those who are contemplating entering the
breeding business with the opportunity of making
personal selection from the best herds, without being
put to the expense of visiting the several breeding
establishments, and thus cause a wide distribution of
the finest cattle. Breeders believe that where the
Hereford breed is once tried, it is sure to be main-
tained

After a general discussion of the objects and means
to accomplish the greatest advancement, by-laws were
drafted and adopted, and the Association was organ-
ized formally under the. name of the Virginia Here-
ford Breeders' Association, with the following offi-
cers : Murray Boocock, President ; H. B. Hawe, Vice-
President, and Edward G. Butler, Secretary and
Treasurer. The following Board of Directors was
elected for one year : Murray Boocock, H. L. Morgan,
H. B. Sproul, E. G. Butler, H. B. Hawe, J. D.
Stubbs, H. Mechendorf, E. R. Phipps and E. L.
Eakle.

A charter has been applied for, and a share of stock
will be given each member of the Association, the
membership fee being $5, and open to all reliable
Hereford breeders or owners of a registered Hereford
in Virginia.

Constant additions of very fine Herefords are be-
ing made to the already grand herds in the State, and
with such splendid show bulls and sires as Salisbury,
Prince Rupert, Acrobat, Marmaduke, Van and Rex
Premier, not to mention the other grand sires and
females owned in the State, the Virginia Hereford
Breeders' Association unquestionably stands on a
solid foundation, and every breeder should join the
ranks at once and either send his application for mem-
bership to the Secretary, Edward G. Butler, Berry-
villo. Va., or write him in regard to joining the Asso-
ciation. The united efforts of every breeder of purp-
bred Herefords, and everv owner of a registered
bull is desired.

The Association proposes to have the State Fairs
join with it in the selection of competent judges, as
the present system is verv f aidty and discouraging to
breeders who exhibit their cattle and thus demon-
strate the splendid qualities of the Hereford.

The Herefords won the championship over all
breeds at the World's Fair, and their wonderful and
superior grazing qualities and hardy constitutions
stamp them as the cattle best suited for our Virginia
pastures.

AN EXPERIMENT IN FEEDING BREEDING EWES.

Mr. Alva Agee, in the National Stockman, makes
the following report of an experiment made in heavy
corn feeding of breeding ewes by Mr. Todd. We re-
produce the same for the purpose of showing that it
is possible to adopt this course with safety, notwith-
standing many strong opinions to the contrary. We
would, however, urge that in adopting such a course
care should be taken not to feed the heavy corn ration
close up to the time of dropping the lambs, nor for a
week afterwards. During this period (say a week
before the lambing and a week afterwards), the grain
ration should be limited to bran almost alone, so that
the bowels of the sheep may be kept open, and thus
the danger of a high feverish condition at lambing be
reduced until normal conditions are established and
the flow of milk is freely started. After that time,
with strong, healthy lambs, there is no danger of any
loss from heavy feeding, as the lambs will take the
milk as fast as made, and the more they take the
sooner they will be ready for market and the fatter
they will be, and a fat lamb rather than a large one
is what the market calls for and pays well for. Mr.
Agee says:

Fifty-four grade ewes — Merino, Shropshire and
Oxford blood — were bought by Mr. Todd the middle
of last August for $167. They were put on good
grass, and began receiving a grain ration the first
of November. One and a half quarts of oats and
corn, by measure, per head were fed during Novem-
ber, and then the same quantity of a mixture of corn,
oats and bran, by measure, increasing slightly the
amount in latter part of January, and getting up to
two and a half quarts by the first of February.

The ration was then increased to three quarts, of
which one-third by measure was corn, and here only
close watching saved from loss, because while the
sheep ate all the grain their appearance showed to Mr.
Todd that he was a little past the safe limit, and he
dropped back to two and a half quarts daily. This
was fed morning and night, with all the clover hay
wanted, and water was supplied freely.

The lambs did not begin to come until about the
middle of January, and the most were dropped during
February. The ewes were fat, of course, before
lambing, and Mr. Todd believed that he could have

738

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

them so, and keep them so, and raise good fat lambs
at the same time.

He made an improvement in the construction of the
"creep." into -which the lamhs go for separate feeding.
Instead of placing it around the outer edge of the
pen, as usual, where lambs often fail to find it readily,
he put it in the center of the pen. Troughs were so
constructed that the lambs could not get their feet into
them and taint their food. This is important. The
feed was cracked corn. It should be coarse. If any
is fine, it should be sifted out. A little salt — not too
much- — should be put into this grain ration.

The first shipment of lambs was made early in
March, at an average age of seven and a half weeks.
and the average dressed weight was thirty pounds.
The lambs weighing thirtv pounds or more sold for
$7. while the few under thirty brought only $5 to $6.
The shipment of any under thirty pounds dressed
was a mistake, as the market was as good the follow-
ing week. The market requires this weight, and the
lamb must be fat. The sixty-one lambs brought $360.
The wool of the ewes sold for $82. The ewes were
fat enough for market when the lambs were taken
from them, and were sold for $212, making total re-
^654.

The feed cost $205. and $10 was paid for dressing
the lambs. Adding the first cost of the flock, $167,
the whole cost amounts to $472. Placing no value
upon the manure or the exercise gotten by Mr. Todd
in feeding, the cash returns are entirely satisfactory.

The important point, however, is not the exact
profit, but it is the fact that these highly-fed ewes,
getting a big amount of corn, gave good lambs that
thrived on corn, and the ewes were fat enough for
market when the lambs were taken from them.

AMONG THE FLOCKS IN ENGLAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

Tt is a great opportunity for an American shepherd
bo visit England and study the conditions and meth-
ods of sheep husbandry there. The writer was so
fortunate this summer as to visit England for the
purpose of importing some Di I lie took the

occasion to travel through several counties to learn
about the various breeds and their management.

The first thing thai caught my attention was that
each small section of that wonderful country had its
own breed of sheep, and wheii T asked for an expla-
nation, I was told that this was the country suited to
that special type. The Cotswolds have never thrived
in Kent, where the Romney Marsh sheep are raised
by the thousands ; the Sor.thdowns have never in-
vaded the Dorset country in Somerset and Dorset:

the Hydatids have never been successful in Lincoln-
shire, where the lordly Lincolns have held sway from
time immemorial.

This dividing of England up into sheep districts
does nol coincide with the division into counties.
unties were found given over to a
breed. The Dorsets were the sheep of Dorset, Som-
ad the Isle of Wight. The Isle of Wight is
in Hampshire county, and yet that lovely island has
been found better suited to Dorsets, although many
docks of Hampshires are found there. One corner
of Dorset county has been invaded by Hampshires,
and they have done well there. Is it not remark-
able that the worst flocks nf Dorsets I saw were in
this corner of the county! I asked an old Hamp-
shire breeder why the Hampshires of the Isle of
Wight and southern Hampshire were not proof that
these sheep thrived there. He said: "Did you not
notice the heads of those Hampshires ? Their noses
are too fine. You cannot grow typical Hampshires
on that soil."

I found only one section that reminded me of cos-
mopolitan America. This was a lovely stretch of
country around York. Here I saw scrub sheep,
mottled sheep, poor sheep, ragged sheep, black sheep,
white-faced sheep, black-faced sheep, big sheep, little
sheep, moan sheep, fine sheep. I actually found one
flock of black sheep consisting of about one hundred
head. There was also a flock of Cheviots, seen so
rarely except in that Cheviot country, where these
noble little sheep climb the grassy hills and rest in
the thick moor grass by the winding burns.

The next thing that caught my attention was the
size of the flocks. It was no uncommon thing to find
in Dorset one thousand head of Dorset ewes in one
flock, and in Kent and Wiltshire I think the flocks
were sometimes even larger. In Scotland the shep-
herds had learned that these large flocks could not be
other with safety, so they had taught their
keep them grazing by day in small bunches,
and to gather them bv night into scattered groups.
In England the plan of management enabled the
shepherds to graze their sheep together and keep
them healthy. This was a wonder to me. One day
I walked through a flock of 710 Dorset ewes, and I
never heard a cough, never saw a dirty nose, never
caught sight of a lame sheep, and found not a single
ailing ewe. Do you suppose we can ever do it in
this country? You want to know at once how they
manage their flocks. More of this laler.

The next thing that I noticed was that in certain
sections the type of sheep seemed so unsuited to gen-

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

739

eral purposes, and you were prone to ask, Why main-
tain such breeds ? The Exrnoor and Dartmoor sheep
seemed to be a rough mountain sheep with horns,
poor fleeches, and suited only for roughing it among
the hills of Devonshire and Cornwall, and yet they
are maintained as distinct breeds, and had numerous
entries at the Eoyal Show. Imagine our showing
at St. Louis, a few pens of those long-legged moun-
tain ewes, so common in certain sections of West
Virginia. On inquiry, I found that these sheep
were very profitable, and were the only sheep that
ever thrived in those sections. They required very
little, if any, care and handling.

In another section I saw those curly fleeced Wens-
leydales, whose blue faces suggested disease, and
whose wool looked more like a poodle's than a sheep's.
I found the little Sussex, not half so large as South-
downs, and yet they vera exceedingly popular, be-
cause their flesh was the choicest dish in England.
It had only one rival, and that the flesh of the Welsh
mountain, another type of sbeep that we would set
aside as not worthy our notice.

The Rvelands in Hereford were set aside a bit in

ing of the ewes. They thus knew the individuals of
the three ages in their flocks. The rams were mark-
ed on the brisket and turned in six and eight at a
time, and the shepherd was on hand to keep a re-
cord of the breeding. It was a sight to see this
mating. It impressed one with the fecundity of the
Dorsets, for to one in this country a ewe that comes
in June is a rarity. Here in Dorset 20 and 30
ewes would come to service in a few hours after turn-
ing the rams in. After two days one ram was used
at a time, and the shepherd was not kept so close on
the watch.

The fine sod of this section made it possible to pas-
ture about six times as many sheep per acre as the
average Virginia farm could maintain. The farms
there were divided up into small fields with hurdles,
which were light fence panels woven of split hazel
switches. The lambs were kept in front of the flock
in the rotation. These were kept for three or four
days on a small boundary and were then moved to
another. The ewe flock in the course of a week would
come to the boundary, which the lambs had left.
Thus with a half dozen fields, the lambs and ewes

popularity by the coming of the cosmopolitan Shrop-jwere kept in constant :otation, neither flock remam-
shire, but the people will not give them up, and I j ing on one pasture more than four days, and each
must confess that I saw much in them worth keep- jroing to grass that had not been grazed for eight

days. There being no very hot sun, the sheep grazed
all day, and had no need to lie in the shade of the
fence or trees, so they had no opportunity to make
pest places in the fields, as our sheep in America are
sure to do. No wonder we have parasites. The ewe
lambs are allowed to eat mangels all through the
year. These are thrown out on the ground uncut.
It injures their teeth, but it makes the lambs grow.
When these mangels wilt, the shepherds say they will
not stop the water of ram lambs, but they are sure
death for rams when fed fresh. These people have
little winter in this section, so they have no shelter.
These Dorset ewes lamb in November right out in
the fields, and the lambs are readv to eat the winter
rations along with the ewes. They feed little grain
in the winter, but their sheep are allowed plenty of
roots. In December they are turned on the turnip
fields, where they eat tops and roots; in January
and Eebruarv they are turned on the swedes ("ruta-
bagas), where they eat the roots right out of the
ground, although the 3wed 3 are often lifted to help
them to get at them; in March they are turned on
the mangels, and they have mangels to their hearts'
content.

The constant care of the shepherd is no small item
in this successful sheep management. The shep-

ing. I never saw better backs and shoulders on any
sheep, and the wool was the very best in all that
country. Thus throughout the country you could
meet up with sheep that seemed almost curiosities,
and yet they were the sheep for that country.

Now, just a word about the management of sheep
in certain sections. I will in this paper confine my
attention to the management of flocks in Dorset and
Somerset. When I reached that charming country, I
found the sheep farmers making up their flocks for
the season. They were to tarn the rams in that
very week, the last week of June. They had their
shepherds go over the six toothed ewes and mark on
the rumps all the ewes that would be retained, the
rest being thrown out with all ewes over three years
to go out as "grazers." All ewes over three and the
culls were sold to men in Wiltshire and Hampshire
and the Isle of Wight, who bred them to Hampshire
rams and then placed ewes and lambs both on the
market at Christmas, the lambs often weighing sixty
pounds. Coming back to the making up of the
flock, the four-toothed ewes were next marked on the
side, then the two-toothed ewes, which had been care-
fully selected from the "ehilver lambs" of the year
before, were marked on the shoulder. I found that
the shepherds never practiced deception in the mark-

740

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

herds stay right with the sheep, having no other
company save that of their faithful dogs. These
shepherds have thoir houses on wheels, and these are
moved to different parts of the pastures at night, and
the sheep are made to sleep around them. This
seems extravagant to us, but it pays, I tell you. I
saw a flock of 1,015 Dorset ewes sold at auction at
from $14 to $lfi a head. A man could afford to keep
a shepherd with his sheep if it would enable him
to handle that number on two hundred acres and
make them worth that much per head. That coun-
try is an eye-opener to the sheep man. It makes
him come hack home determined to study the prob-
lems of sheep husbandry here and plan for better
things in the future. We lack the climate of South-
ern England, and, therefore, the grass and the cool
hours of the daytime for turning it into mutton, so
we must be handicapped, still there is much for us to
learn, and I confidently hope for better things in the
future. The first great problem is to learn bow to
get our sheep healthy and keep them so. No need
in trying to raise good sheep when they are filled with
parasites and debilitated with catarrh.

West Virginia. II. B. Akbuckle.

TRAINING THE HEIFER TO BE MILKED.

Editor Southern Planter:

"Breaking" is the word in general use, but is not
the right one to denote the proper manner of teach-
ing heifers to stand still and be milked. When we
talk about the breaking of a contract, or a bank, a
wagon or a plow, the idea conveyed is of a regretable
event. The word breaking indicates that violence is
to be used, whereas at the first milking, and all sub-
sequent ones, only kindness must be exercised, and
no clubs or milking stools be broken over the heifer's
back. Kindness, firmness and perfect self-control
must be exercised from the beginning to the end of
the lessons. As the fond mother washes and dresses
her child in spite of its struggles and cries to pre
vent her, so the experienced milker will use all the
force that is necessary, and milk his heifer in spite
of her kicking. Mankind obtains dominion over the
lower animals by superior knowledge, greater per
sistence, and command of temper. No man should
undertake to break a heifer or milk a kicking cow
who cannot control his anger.

A neighbor of ours says he never has any trouble
in breaking his heifers because he raises them already
broken, or rather breaks them as he raises them.
From the. time he takes them as calves from their

mothers until they have calves of their own, he ac-

cu8toms them to having their bags and teats handled,
and frequently he pretends to milk them. This, of
course, to he effectual must he often repeated, and is
more trouble than most fanners who raise their own
cows are willing to take, yet it is well always to ac-
custom heifers to be handled from birth to maturity
as frequently as can conveniently be done. I al-
ways break our heifers myself, and have had fifty
years' experience in the business. Some heifers will
allow von to mik them without offering much, if any,
resistance ; but a large majority will resent the liberty
you take in robbing them of their milk. Perhaps
they think the milk should be kept for the calf, and
is a sacred deposit for that purpose, but whatever
they think, they try to kick the pail over, and kick
your hands loose from their teats, and sometimes
kick with great violence. In such cases no amount
of petting and coaxing will avail. There is but one
effectual way, and that is to milk them in spite of
their kicking.

I put the heifer into her stall, tie her head up
short, so that she cannot back out. or surge ahead,
and give her some dry meal to eat in order to put her
into an amiable frame nf mind, but it won't prevent
her from kicking, if she doesn't want to be milked.
I use a wooden pail because it stands more firmly
than a tin pail, and I do not place it directly under
her bag. I put an old cap on my head, stand on my
feet to milk, place my head in the heifer's groin,
taking a firm hold of the right hind teat with my
left hand, and the front fore teat with my right. If
she tries to kick I brace my feet, stiffen my neck,
and hold on to the teats with a bulldog grip. The
left band is the one, of course, which she tries to get
loose, as it is the one which prevents her from hit-
ting the pail. Standing on my feet bent over, I can
vary my position as she varies hers, and if my hold is
maintained she can kick but little and cannot hit
me nor the pail. I do not try to draw milk while
the struggle lasts, only tighten my grip and maintain
my hold. The length of the struggle depends on the
disposition of the heifer. Some are more stubborn
and determined than others and make several fierce
fights for the mastery at the first milking, and re-
peat them with less violence at the second and third.
When she finds that I am master of the situation and
can "bob] the fort," thai I don't want to hurt her,
that I do want her milk, and am determined to have
it, whether she is willing or not, she gives up the
battle, and there is no more trouble. In my opin-
ion, a heifer broken by tying her with ropes and

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

741

straps around her legs or over her loins would be
only half broken, and the ropes and straps would
have to be used many times on a stubborn heifer.
Sometimes the gentlest heifers are the most self-
willed and hardest to break. I have broken a large
number, and have never known one to injure her
teats by my holding on to them while she is kicking.
Old cows will kick when they have a sore teat, and
I milk them forcibly the same as I do heifers.

J. W. Ingham.
Where a cow has a sore teat a milking tube should
be used, and this saves her pain and yourself trouble
until the teat heals. — Ed.

SWINE FEEDING.

Swine feeding, like any other industry, is profit-
able in proportion to the intelligence and skill em-
ployed in the care, feeding and management of the
hogs. The accompanying table brings out some very
interesting facts, demonstrating how the farmer
might easily feed his animals, either at a considerable
profit, at a bare profit, or under certain conditions at
a direct loss. In view of the growing interest in
feeding all classes of live stock, it will pay to study
this table carefully, for it brings to light some im
portant facts which are frequently overlooked on the
farm, as they directly influence the feeder's profits.

Surely this subject of swine rearing is of great
importance to the Southern farmer, because to-day,
in a country with everv natural facility for the de-
velopment of the business, not enough pork products
are produced for home consumption. Considering
the favorable conditions, it is hard to realize whv this
should be the case, but if one inquires of the farm-
ers themselves, he frequently receives as an answer
the fact that the business is unprofitable owing to
the prevalence of some animal disease, the scarcity of
suitable foodstuffs, or the small gains made hv the
animals.

If malignant forms of disease, such as cholera,
should prevail, the cause is due to unsanitary condi-
tion*, while the remedy remains in the hands of the
farmer. In a state of nature the hog is a cleanly
animal, keeping- his home and surroundings in per-
fect sanitary condition and living himself on herbs,
roots and mast of the great forests and swamps, which
are his native haunts. Under domestication, how-
ever, he i* forced to submit to the conditions which
indifferent and unsympathetic owners have provided
for him. These surroundings are frequentlv of the
most unsanitary nature — in fact, filthy and inhuman
beyond expression. Where such conditions prevail
it is no wonder that disease of various kinds should

find a fertile soil in which to grow, and every farmer
who has an unsanitarv hog house should remedy the
defect at once, and then this first question will be
easily settled. The scarcity of foodstuffs is a poor
plea- for the non-development of swine husbandry
when hogs can be provided with grazing crops for
nine months of the year. These crops mav also con-
sist largely of legumes, and if a small amount of
corn is fed in conjunction with grazing crops, hogs
weighing from 200 to 300 pounds can be made in
the course of the summer's grazing, by the consump-
tion of 10 to 15 bushels of corn, and in addition the
kitchen slops and by-products of the dairy, which are,
or should lie, available on every Southern farm.
With the nossibilitv of having the foodstuffs — should
inclination or desire impel the owner — this can
no longer be brought up as a reason for the neglect
of this verv important industry. The small gains
made by the animals are attributable, as the table

Group I.— Water 10.

Corn meal 6

Group II.— Skim milk ;S.

Corn uieul.. . . j 6.

Group III.— Skim milk 12

Corn meal ' 4.

Whey

Wheat meal

Group IV.— Skim mil k

Pea hay 4.

Corn meal I 2.66

a

1

° .

£

i

a

i

•e

M

-

16.

' 6

1 8

8.

40.

2.1

is a

8.

1.7

1S.1

6.25

40.

1.75

26.75

29

16 1

1.6

5.5

i 1

73.6

$2 06

$ 7 16

78.5

4 12

9 47

76.2

3 80

12 62

already referred to shows, first, to the use of im-
proper rations ; and, second, to inferior quality of the
stock. The small gains are clue quite as much to a
failure to understand how to combine rations suit-
able for the nourishment of the hog so as to obtain the
most rapid and economical gains, as to the quality of
the stock. Nearly all the improved breeds of swine
do well in the South, and some animals of good
quality of the several leading breeds are to be found
in almost every community. As the hog increases
so rapidly and pure bred animals of high quality can
be purchased for such a small outlay of capital, there
is no reason why the quality of stock in itself should
not be remedied at a very earlv date. With these
factors settled, the farmer should then devote all his
energy and attention to tha study of how to best com-
bine foodstuffs to obtain the cheapest gains. That
this matter can be readily mastered by any person of
average intelligence no one will question, but that
the subject of feeding in itself is not only worthy of
attention, but should receive the most careful consid

742

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

d at the hands of the farmer, only compara- 1 water, and the least profit by Group IV, which re-
tively few people fully realize. In order that this I eeived skim milk, corn meal and pea hay. As already

may be brought home in'. re forcibly to the reader.
rations, such as may be
available "ii the average Southern farm, were fed to
four groups of hoes with very marked results, so far
financial end of 'i-e matter was concerned.
The first group received corn meal and water: the
. skim milk and corn meal; the third, skim
milk, corn meal, whey and wheat meal : and the
fourth, skim milk, pea hay and corn meal. The ra-
d to Group l is the one commonly fed Qn the
Southern farm. The animals receiving this ration
L.6 pounds ■>+" corn meal for a pound of
gain; when skim milk was substituted for water, only
2.1 pounds of corn meal were required for a pound
of gain : and where corn meal and a small amount of
wheal added, only 1.7 pounds of corn

meal were required for a pound of gain. Thus it is
evident that a bushel of corn fed with certain ad-
juncts which are waste products on the average farm,
can be made to produce twice as many pounds of
pork. Tf is also noteworthy that where this ration
r lay was 2.3 pounds, whereas
with corn meal and water it was only one pound, i

n of wheat meal to the ration, while pro-! nnDcpj
ing a cain almost equal to that from corn meal'
and skim milk, made a better quality of bacon, as the
d ban were better intermixed. In Group IV
an endeavor was made to feed pea hay, but the re-
sults were unsatisfactory, ai the animals would not
eat enough of the ha v. even in a finely chopped con-
dition, to be satisfactory. Notice that while the
amount of grain consumed and the <rain per day were
materially affected by the combination of certain
foodstuffs, the slaughter test was also affected, the
largest amount of good meat being obtained from a
ration containing skim milk and corn meal. This is
due to the fact that corn meal of itself is too fattening
eg not build enough muscle or tissues in which
to store the fat. The skim milk, on the other hand.
is a protein or muscle-building food, and hence the
combination of the two gave a .Greater proportion of
more d< ea1 than the use of corn meal alone.

These tests bring out some very important facts.
which are worthy of consideration by every person
interested in swine feeding in the South. Finally.
thai the combination of foodstuffs also affected
the value of the manure, a fact of the greatest im-
portance to the Southern farmer, whose soils need
liberal supplies of humus: and more important than
all the re^t. is the fact that combinations of food-
stuffs affect profit" very materially. The largest
profit was made by Group TTT. $12.n-2. which re-
ceived corn meal, wheat meal, skim milk and whey,
and the next largest profit was from skim milk and
corn meal; the third largest from corn meal and

noted, the animals in [his group would* not eat the
pea hay, and as it constituted a considerable portion
of their ration, this accounted for their failure to
make a larger profit. The addition of some by-
products of the farm with Group III made the profit
from feeding this group is.". 40 greater than with
Group I. while the addition of skim milk to Group
TI made the profit $2.13 greater than with Group I.
The writer know; certain ci cauteries in the South
where the skim milk is allowed to go to waste, its
virtue for hog production i.ot being realized, or else
the creamery owners would establish swine feeding
pons at a Buitable distance from their plant, and
utilize this most valuable by-prod\iet. Also on many
Farms this nutritious and cheap pork producing ele-
ment is allowed to go to waste. In view of the^e ex-
periments, this i^ an unpardonable waste, and one
that every Southern farmer should make haste to
correct, for it would in many instances point the way
to the profitable production of pork — .1. .V. Senile,
n Practical Farmer.

SHEEP

HOGS IN

AND YORKSHIRE
VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have read Mr. Arhnckle's letter announcing his
importation of Dorset Horn sheep for prominent
members of the Continental Dorset Club. T am quite
at one with him in his estimate of the Dorsots in
general, and of the flock of Mr. W. E. Flower in
particular. Virginia, however, must lie added to his
list, for T have purchased for the flock at Morven
Park fifteen of Mr. Flower's yearling Dorset ewes,
which are expected to lamb down in November, and
also his unrelated Dorset ram that took a first* prize
at the English "Park Royal" show.

As it seems to be the proper thing to keep you
advised upon such matters. I may add that I have
also purchased for the pigeery at ''Morvcn" from the
herd of "Mr. Sanders Spencer in England some large
white Vorkshire pigs. These swine are all of course
registered, and are headed by the prize-winning large
white Yorkshire boar, "Holywell Huddexsfield." The
above animals are now en route, and T am sure that
all lovers of these grand breeds will wish them a safe
voyage. Westmoreland Davis.

Morven Park, by Leesburg, Va.

When corresponding with advertisers, do us
the kindness to mention The Planter

11)04.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

743

The Poultry Yard.

EXPERIENCE IN FEEDING MILK.

The great benefit to be derived from the feeding of
milk to fowls seems to be almost entirely ignored by
the majority of poultry keepers. Where corn is the
principal ration, as is the case on the majority of
farms, a liberal supply of milk to balance up this
ration will be found most profitable in the return of
eggs. If hens are fed all the milk they can be in-
duced to drink along with a corn ration, great gains
can be expected in the egg-production. Last year we
fed our fowls largely on corn, especially our laying
hens, and for a balance ration we supplied all the milk
we could possibly spare, and the result was better pro-
duction of eggs than in any previous winter. On
farms where there is a good supply of milk there
should be no reason for not receiving a large number
of eggs.

Where milk is supplied liberally, animal food in
the form of cut green bone can be reduced, as milk
furnishes largely the elements found in bone. Milk
and corn make a much better combination than milk,
wheat, and oats. Feed the layers corn and milk alter-
nately with green food in the shape of cabbage or
prepared clover, and .you have an almost ideal food
for egg-production. Milk can be given in almost
unlimited quantities without any serious results fol-
lowing. It very often happens that feeding meat too
freely produces diarrhoea, which checks the supply of
eggs, but in feeding milk we do not experience such
unfavorable results. In the country where it is not
convenient for the farmer to get bone from the
butcher, he can supply milk instead, which is almost
or quite as good as bone. We know of a lady who
feeds corn and milk the year round to both young
and old, with very satisfactory results, using the sour
milk (after boiling it) in mash with decided benefits,
especially with the young growing stock. Next year
we shall use boiled sour milk, wheat bran and corn
meal, sprinkled with pulverized charcoal for our
young chicks, believing we will have a food that will
be wholesome, palatable and inexpensive compared to
some, of the prepared chick foods now on the market.
At the same time we shall provide skimmed milk as
we have previously done for the fowls to drink, be-
lieving we can realize more from the product in feed-
ing in this way than any other way we could feed it,
realizing that it will be practically impossible to get
too much milk before our fowls.

If a patch of wheat or rye is sown close to the
poultry run to supply green stuff naturally for the
fowls during the winter months, and they are sup-
plied constantly with milk, we stake our all on it that
eggs will be plentiful, stock healthy and vigorous,
with the assurance of strong fertility in eggs when the
breeding season opens up. J. C. Clipp.

FEED BULKY FOODS.

Mr. P. H. Jacobs (Farm and Fireside) quotes a
leading and successful poultryman as saying that he
made it a rule to feed his hens the same as he did his
cows — namely, feeding grain, hay, ensilage, cooked
roots, and adding to the rations of the hens ground
meat and bone, good clean bone meal also being given
to the cows. There is no reason, says Mr. Jacobs,
why poultry should be fed almost exclusively on con-
centrated foods. Such practice is not economical, is
not the best mode, and is sometimes injurious. If
horses and cows were kept on corn or ground grain,
to the exclusion of that which is bulky, they would
soon fail to give satisfaction to their owners, and this
is so well known to farmers that none of them attempt
to keep stock without supplying grass in summer and
hay in winter. The hens will eat grass, and they will
also eat hay in winter, provided it is chopped for
them, and especially if it is steeped in water and
softened. They prefer coarse food to grain exclu-
sively, and they lay oftener with such food, and keep
in health. The hens on farms where food is given
but three or four times a week can get all they wish
by consuming the herbage of the fields. Some farm-
ers sow rye in the fall and oats in the spring for the
hens, and find that it pays them to do so. The giz-
zard works in its grinding capacity to its best ad-
vantage when the hens are provided with a variety of
food, and better digestion is thereby secured. It is
cheaper to use bulky food with grain than to confine
the hens to concentrated materials, and they will pro-
duce more eggs by such treatment.

PREPARING FOR WINTER.

For the period which elapses bofore the fowls are
housed for the winter one can find plenty to do. One
of the essential things after thoroughly preparing the
hoTise for the birds is to prepare the birds for the
house. If the house is free from lice, see that the
birds are also, before they make it their permanent
home. It is an excellent plan to find out the spots
where the hens dust outdoors and sprinkle a quantity
of good insect powder in these places to assist in get-
ting rid of the vermin. Then look them over for
scaly legs.

This may not cause them much trouble during the
summer while they have had plenty of exercise, but
will make them very uncomfortable during the
winter. Kerosene oil is good for this trouble, but
crude petroleum is better. Take an old toothbrush,
saturate it in the crude petroleum and brush the scaly
legs thoroughly. Then saturate a cloth with the
liquid and bind it around the legs. The fowls will
not like this, but the cloth will stay on a day or two
and do them much good.

744

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November.

The Horse.

NOTES.

A gratifying announcement to breeders of Mary-
land and Virginia especially, is that a steeplechase
• •vent has been opened for three-year-olds by the
Washington Jockey Club, to be known as the Junior
Steeplechase, which will be run about November 22d
at the fall meeting at Washington, D. C. The Na-
tional Hunt and Steeplechase Association, President
S. S. Howland, Dr. James Kerr and others who take
an active part in the counsels of the Club, will un-
doubtedly receive the thanks and unstinted praise of
many steeplechase breeders for their promptness in
izing and meeting the demand for this new
stake. Here are the conditions:
Washington Jockey Club of the District of Columbia,

Race course and office during meetings, Benning,

D. C. : office in New York, 571 Fifth avenue. "The

Windsor Arcade'" ; Autumn Meeting, 1904.

The Junior Steeplechase for three-year-olds. Sub-
scriptions to close on or before Monday, October 10,
at the office of the Washington Jockey Club, New
York. Horses to lie named Thursday. November 17,
and race run Tuesday, November '2-2, at Benning.
D. C.

Conditions. — First running of the Junior Steeple-
chase for three-year-olds. By subscription of $10
each at time of entry. $10 additional at time of
naming, and $10 additional for starters, all to the
winner, with $900 added, of which $200 to the sec-
ond, $100 to the third. To carry 140 pounds, allow-
ances as by rule to mares and geldings. Winner of
a steeplechase or hurdle race to carry 7 pounds extra.
Horses that have never started allowed 3 pounds.

Fifteen suhscribtions. or the race will he declared
off. No limit to the number of subscriptions, which
may be transferred at the office of the Clerk of the
Course, Benning, D. C, by 5 P. M. of Monday, No-
vember 21, and must he accompanied — if not pre-
viously paid — by the amount of the subscription, the
entry fee for the horse, and starting fee. About two
miles. For information, or entry blanks, apply to
II. C. 1'iaiKMnia-:, Clerk of the Course.
:.7l Fifth Avenue, New York. N. Y.
j* jt jt

At a meeting of the Upperville ''"It and TL>rse
Club, held a few week since at Upperville, Va., the
resignation of Col. R. H. Dulaney was offered and
accepted upon his special request, as he had served
the Association as president since its formation more
than fiftv years ago. The new officers were elected as
follows: President. Willie Fletcher: Vice-Presidents,
R, Hunter Dnhuio\ and Robert Neville; Secretary
and Treasurer. P. S. Gochnauer; Assistant Secretary,
B. B. Gochnauer. Executive Committee — Colonel
R. H. Dulaney, George Frasier, Joseph A. Gibson,

A. B. Lawson, Lewis Strother, W. H. Carter, Willie
Fletcher, R. Hunter Dulaney, Joshua Fletcher, H.
M Luttrell, C. M. Peach, H. Rozier Dulaney and
Robert Neville. The following resolution, drawn by
a committee appointed for the purpose, was adopu d
"We, the members of the Upperville Colt and Horse
Club, dejire to tender to our retiring President, Colo-
nel R. H. Dulaney. our thanks for the many years he
has served the horse interests in this part of Virginia,
as President of the oldest horse show in the county.

"Robert Neville.

"A. B. Lawson.

"H. M. Luttrell.

The bay mare Lamp Girl, 2 :09, who holds the re-
cord for Virginia-bred trotters, was recently sold by
the Kentucky Sales Company at Lexington to W. F.
Dickerson for $350. Mr. Dickerson also purchased
her weanling. Tramp Girl, a bav filly by The Tramp,
for $180, to whom the dam had been bred in 1904.
Later Lamp Girl was sold among other trotters for
export to Julius Pajonceh, of Charlottenlund, Copen-
hagen, Denmark, who shipped them at once to that
far-off land. Lamp Girl was foaled 1893 and bred
by W. C. West, Onancock, Va. She was sired by
Walker Morrill, 2 :55, dam Bertie, dam of Gold Burr.
2 :134;, by Signet, 2 :26\. After being campaigned
extensively as a trotter, Lamp Girl was shifted to the
pace and promised to make a sensational performer at
the lateral gait, but went wrong, and was retired to
the stud of the late R. H. Plant, of Macon, Ga., by
whose estate she was consigned to the sale at Lex-
ington.

jt j« j»

The Virginia Circuit of horse shows for the season
1904 met with success from the start, and was ac-
corded generous patronage and support. Commencing
at Alexandria in May. open air shows followed at
Fredericksburg, Leesburg, Culpeper, Manassas,
Orange, Charlottesville, Staunton, Harrisonburg,
Front Royal, Berrwille and Warrenton. Nothing
was scheduled for the month of September, but the
more pretentious shows at Lynchburg, Richmond and
Norfolk came off during successive weeks in October,
the dates for Lynchburg being October 10-15 ; Rich-
mond, October ' IS- 22, and Norfolk, October 25-29.

A g 1 show was provided by the management at

Lynchburg, but attendance was not up to expecta-
tions. The Richmond affair was a success both in
point of attendance and the grand lot of exhibits2
while for an initial effort the Norfolk people did well.
and taken on the whole the outlook for the Virginia
Circuit of horse shows during the season of 1905 is
highly encouraging. Broad Rock.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

745

Miscellaneous.

DEATH OF MAJOR H. E. ALVORD.

It is with very sincere sorrow Ilia! we have to an-
nounce the death of Major H. E. Alvord, the Chief
of the Dairy Division of the Bureau of Animal In-
dustry, which happened very suddenly at the St.
Louis Exposition on October 1st. Major Alvord had
been for many years a resident of this State, having
a fine dairy farm at LewinsviJie Loudoun county.
Previous to his appointment as Chief of the Dairy
Division, Major Alvord was Director of the Maryland
Experiment Station, and had had a long practical
experience as a dairy farmer. He was recognized as
one of the leading dairy experts of the country, and
was a constant contributor to the agricultural press
and a frequent speaker at Farmers' Institutes. He
was often a contributor to our columns, and whenever
we called on him for help always most cheerfully re-
sponded. We held him in the very highest esteem,
and can cordially endorse what was said of him re-
cently in the Country Gentleman by an old colleague,
Prof. Pearson, of Cornell College. He said :

"I became very much attached to him. He had
uianv strong traits, as well as rare ability as an ex-
ecutive. I never saw him lose his temper ; no matter
how great a provocation, he always remained cool and
considerate. He was generous almost to a fault and
exceedingly unselfish. He was modest, and never
strove for personal recognition where this was not
necessary for the furtherance of some object in which
he was interested. There stand to his credit a very
large number of kind and helpful acts which were
done quietly and which will never be known to the
public. In his official work he never hesitated to do
what seemed to him right, regardless of what the
general opinions of his acts would be. Sometimes
his motives were misunderstood, but this made no
difference if he felt he was on the right course.
Usually it did not take long for those who opposed
him tn sec their mistake and offer their support. Ma j.
Alvord's place cannot be filled. His death is a severe
loss in the agricultural and especially the dairy
world."

THE VIRGINIA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

We are informed by the secretary, Mr. S. L. Lup-
ton, that the annual meeting of the society will be
held at Front Royal, Va., on December 13 and 14,
1004. Special efforts are being made to make this
the most attractive and instructive meeting ever held

by the society. We trust that fruit growers through-
out the State will make note of the date of this meet-
ing and make an effort to attend, and thus show their
practical appreciation of the good work which the
society has done since it was established. It has se-
cured for shippers of fruit everywhere in the State
terms which no individuals could have secured for
themselves, and it is of vital importance to maintain
the strength of the organization, so that it may con-
tinue its ability to exercise a wholesome pressure
upon the transportation companies.

IN NOVEMBER.

•Jditor Southern Planter:
The work on the farm for November consists
mainly in preparing for winter. This month, espe-
cially the first part of it, is generally open and more
pleasant than the earlier autumn, and work may be
done in much more comfort. Who does not remem-
ber the days of Indian summer, which comes in this
month ? Whence comes all the smoke that obscures
the sunlight? The days are just warm enough for
comfort, and the appearance of everything reminds
us of the declining year. We are filled with a sadness
tinged with melancholy, or, in the words of a famous
poet, our feelings

"Resemble sorrow only,
As the mist resembles rain."

When the rain comes the air is again made clear.
The blue smoke is seen curling in wreaths above the
chimneys of the farm houses, everything is still, and
quietness reigns supreme. The waning sunshine cov-
ers the brown earth, ihe shadows are growing longer,
as they point northward, reminding us that winter is
coming apace from the regions of everlasting frost.

If you be a farmer, look around you, and
see that yet a little while you are to have the
kindly days of November with you, and prepare for
the rigors of the season indicated by the northward
pointing shadows. Are your outhouses in good re-
pair ? Perhaps you have risen early this morning,
as the nights are growing longer, and yon have time
to sleep. What are you going to do to-day? Does
the barn need repairing ? You step out into the yard
and glance in the direction of the barn; yes, there is
some work to be done there, and there the cow stands
waiting for her breakfast. She has, doubtless, seen

746

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

the hay in the loft, and she knows that the master will
not forget her. You will go at once and feed her,
while your wife, and perhaps daughters, too, are pre-
paring your own breakfast, the delightful odors of
which make you think that life is worth living after
all.

Lay in a liberal supply of fuel, and if your wood-
lands afford it, let it be wood ; for the crackling blaze
from the logs will cheer you as you sit around the
fireside during the long winter evenings. Yes, go
into the woods, and as you ply your axe or saw, you
will hear the tapping of the picus upon the trees
around you, and you may know that he, too, is pre-
paring for winter.

This month is blot monath, as the old Anglo-Saxons
termed it — the time for dispatching your porkers and
filling your larders. Frank Monroe Beverly.

Osborn's Gap, Va.

STATE FAIR— ROANOKE, VA.

The Virginia State Fair, held in Roanoke October
10th to 14th, was a decided success. The Roanoke
people appreciated the efforts put forth by the Asso-
ciation, and turned out from the least even to the
greatest to see the many attractive features of the fair.
The races perhaps drew the attention of the masses,
while many who were interested in agricultural pur-
suits came to see the beautiful and well-filled exhibits
of live stock, which was indeed creditable to any or-
ganization of its kind. Five breeds of cattle were rep-
resented, besides grades of the various breeds.

In Herefords, S. W. Anderson, of Greenbrier, W.
Va.; Mr. Huxley, of Bunker Hill, Ind. ; Haines L.
Morgan, Saltville, Va.; Virginia Experiment Sta-
tion, Blacksburg, Va., and Murray Boocock, Keswick,
Va., exhibited. These herds making strong competi-
tion in all classes. Mr. Huxley and Mr. Anderson
came well prepared to take away most of the best pre-
miums, while the Virginia Experiment Station, Mur-
ray Boocock and H. L. Morgan won in a few in-
stances. These latter herds showed careful breeding,
but lacked the condition necessary for the occasion.
Mr. Anderson had sweepstakes bull, while Mr. Hux-
ley won first on aged bull.

In Shorthorns, only two herds were in the battle —
the Virginia Experiment Station and Mr. Lucas, of
Staunton, Va. The be8t prizes fell to the Virginia
Experiment Station in all classes except yearling
heifer.

In Aberdeen Angus, only two herds came out —

Wessenger & Son, of Kentucky, and the Virginia Ex-
periment Station. Mr. Wessengers herd was too
much for the V. P. I. this time, having brought out a
number of high-priced animals. Both herds were in-
deed creditable, and showed up beautifully the true
characteristic "Doddie," with his even and smooth
finish.

In the dairy breeds the Virginia Experiment Sta-
tion again came to the front with some useful and
typical Jerseys and Holsteins. Hollins Institute
brought out a few Holsteins, but were compelled to
take second place.

In sheep the Virginia Experiment Station was the
only exhibitor, having a nicely-selected bunch of
Dorsets.

In hogs, Dr. Kirk, Roanoke, was the important ex-
hibitor, having some beautiful Berkshire of gilt-edge
breeding.

The Fair was a decided success, and the prospect
for the Virginia Fair in the future is indeed en-
couraging.

Much of this live stock was taken to Wytheville and
Hagerstown, then to the Southwest Virginia District
Fair, held at Radford, Va.

Other interesting features of the Fair were the large
Shorthorn ox, weighing 3,200 pounds, and a small
Midway, which contained sideshows, beer tents, and
various attraction of this nature. A. P. Spencer.
. .Montgomery Co., Va.

DISTRICT FAIR— RADFORD, VA.

The great District Fair, held at Radford, Va., < >c-
tober 18th to 21st, inclusive, was truly an Agricultu-
ral Fair, and the finest herds of live stock ever
here were brought together. Many new stalls were
erected, yet those who brought along nurse cows wen
compelled to tie to the fence to make room for the
exhibition cattle.

Lu Herefords, S. W. Anderson, Blakes Mills, \Y.
Va., came again with a beautiful and well-fitted herd,
some of which have been on the circuit for months.
and also were exhibited at St. Louis, and in many
cases were successful competitors there. Clem
Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind., had also a well-filled herd
of "White Faeos."' and the best places in this breed
came to these two herds. Other exhibitors in this
class were A. Meschendorf, Forest Depot ; M r.
Osborne, the Virginia Experiment Station ; Mr.
Howe, Dublin, Va. The class as a whole was indeed
a stiff one, and those who came with animals in low

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

747

flesh found they were not among those who won [nor carried there by birds, but the seeds which have
prizes. Many of these animals were of very excellent j been resting dormant in the soil since it was last in
breeding and lacked only condition.

In Shorthorns there was a very strong class. Ex-
hibitors were the Virginia Experiment Station,
Major James T. Cowan, Cowan's Mills; Major W.
\Y. Bentley, Pulaski; William Warfield, Lexington,
Ivy. ; Mr. Bowen, Tennessee, and Mr. Lucas, Staun-
ton, Va. Most of these cattle showed excellent breed-
ing, but in too many cases a lack of condition was
noticeable. The bull classes, cow classes and calf
classes were very strong, and it was a difficult task
for the judge to place all in their proper order.

A Shorthorn sale was arranged for, but there being
no bidders, the sale was called off.

In the Aberdeen Angus class, Wessenger & Son,
Kentucky, and the Virginia Experiment Station were
the only exhibitors, the Kentucky herd proving too
strong for the Station, and, consequently, winning
best places. Mr. Imboden, an expert judge, was
selected to make the decision on all breeds, and did
so to the satisfaction of nearly all concerned. A bat-
tle among the breeds was arranged for among the

cultivation.

This voluntary growth of weeds is so common thai
little attention is given to it ; but when a seed planter.
a farmer, market gardener, or cottage gardener, ob-
serves plants not sown bv him growing among his
sown crops, he at once cries "fraud !" He claims he
was sold a mixed lot of seeds.

On Bloomsdale Farm we have every summer
noticed this sprouting up of plants from a previous
crop; but this year, possibly on account of the con-
tinued rains, it has been particularly observable. Eor
example, a ten-acre field of grass, which had been un-
disturbed for five years, when this July plowed under
and sown in Valentine beans, produced among the
beans a very excellent crop of German kale, almost
enough to stand ; but it was ten years ago, or in 1894,
thai a crop of German kale was grown upon that field.

A field drilled in okra is now full of radish, and it
is three or four years ago since radish was drilled on
thai field.

Turnip seed is especially likelv to remain dormant
for six or seven years.

We have now a six-acre patch of beans on which

various exhibitors in the cow class alone. This prize waa grown, five years ago, a crop of seed of Seven
went to S. W. Anderson on his World's Fair Here- j Top turnip, and, of course, in its harvesting a portion
ford cow. The Shorthorns, however, did not compete of the seed was scattered out on the ground. A part
for this special premium. j of that seed in the earth remained fully vital until

In front of the grandstand some good racing and j this summer, and to-day the bean crop referred to is
jumping was seen; also a race of an ostrich against f"11 of *is unusual variety of turnip, clearly indi-
a horse, which was an attractive feature, and a trained catinS that the turuiP seed has remained dormant ir

dog driving a horse were events enjoyed by many not
interested in cattle. All that was needed to make this
Fair a great success was slight rain to lay the dust
and good weather following. The management pur-
pose to make this the most important cattle show in
Virginia, and this being a central spot for cattle-
breeders to assemble, all that is required is good man-
agement and the patronage of the public, with the
Southwest Virginia farmers to co-operate.

Montgomery Co;, Va. A. P. Spencer.

PERSISTENT VITALITY OF SEEDS.

Ordinary discussion as to seed vitality, or the
germinative forces of seeds, is consequent, upon the
prevailing idea that their tenure of life is very short;
and so it is, under ordinary conditions, but the ob-
serving gardener every year has brought to his notice
the sprouting of weed seeds, the parent crops of which
grew years long past. As. for example, the weeds
following the turning down of a 20 or 30 vear old
pasture, weed seeds not blown there after plowing,

the soil over a period of four summers. This variety
of turnip is so distinct that its presence in the bean
field can be accounted for in no other way than
already indicated.

Mustard seed, under certain conditions, is particu-
larly tenacious of life, there being frequent examples
of it appearing in a field after having apparently
been eradicated for a period of ten or twentv years.

Farmers and gardeners not familiar with this fact
of the persistent vitality of seeds, frequently charge
seedsmen with selling seeds mixed with mustard; this
charge, ninety-nine times in a hundred, is due to a
clear case of ignorance on the part of the claimant.

Strangest of all of otir field observations this year
is as to a growth of Valentine beans, which appeared
where a lot of beans were dumped in 1901, and since
thou subjected to -ill the changes of heat, cold and
moisture, winter and summer. Beans, however, when
kepi under favorable conditions, are long-lived, there
being well-authenticated instances of their sprouting
75 years after their harvest ; while in the case of rye,
1 20 years have been known to elapse between harvest
and sprouting. We do not give much credence to the
tales of travelers, of wheat or Milo maize sprouting
taken from the Catacombs or from mummies. A

748

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

wise guide always has Bome good grain in his pocket,]
smoked, of course.

The writer firmly believes that much seed con-,
demned as imvital, or of low vitality, as proved in
comparative tests, would, nevertheless, sprout undei
certain peculiar and odd circumstances.

All seedsmen, wherever located, have had an ex-
the case of charges of selling mixed seeds,
. possibly any one might occasionally, but un-
knowingly do; for no proprietor or his employees,
illy, are infallible; but generally the complaint
due to the germination of seeds and vege-
tation of plants, the like of which were grown on the
same ground years before. — Burnet Landreth.

We recall a case in the "Obi ( !ountry" showing the
persistent vitality of one kind of 3eed even more won-
derful than any of those cited by Mr. Landreth. An
old pasture field which had never within the memory
of the oldest inhabitant boon plowed was broken up
and seeded with oats. The oats came well, but in a
short time were completely smothered out by a weed
called charlock, which is like a wild rape plant having
a seed so like rape seed that they cannot be distin-
guished from each other. The whole field was one
ma-s of this weed. Never a plant of the weed had
ever been seen in the field before whilst it was in
pasture ; in fact, it never grows in a grass sod. The !
: was perfectly clean seed. Evidently the field
had grown this weed when under cultivation before,
and the seed had been buried when the land was put
down in grass. There were numbers of farmers in
the neighborhood who had known the field as a pasture
field for from 50 to 75 year-, and never seen a char-
lock plant in it. This shows for this seed an astonish-
ing persistent vitality. Plover seed has a similar per-
lity. Tt will often come thickly on a field
which has been unplowed for 20 vears. — Ed.

THE FALL CROPS IN TIDEWATER VIRGINIA.
Southern Planter-:

Just now great loads of crreen p^-as and beans
(snaps) are going north daily. The farmers' wagons
come rolling int.) the city, piled high with the half-
barrel baskets which contain these crops.

The peas and bean- (second crop) were planted the
I' Auanist or first week in September, and our
farmers have been shipping the crops to Northern
markets during the- past three weeks, and will finish
before the first frosts, which usually come in Novem-
ber.

We may remark, in passing, that, in round num-

bers, a ten-cent freight rate transports a basket of
peas or snaps from this seaport f< > nearly twenty mil-
lion consumers.

We have had no frost, as yet this fall up to date
(October 18th). As soon as the fall crops of peas
and beans are marketed the ground is at once fitted
for cabbages to be set out in November and Decem-
ber. The kale and spinach crops, sown earlv in Sep-
tember, look well, but need a little rain. October so
far being quite a dry but a very pleasant month, only
lacking a little in moisture.

These fall crops an- covered with but a thin layer
of earth when planted, and need frequent showers to
-tart them off in good shape. Our trucking belt looks
better in November, December and Januarv than it
does in August, September and October.

September gave us a mean monthly average of 72
degrees, which was one degree higher than the average
for the past thirty-four years. The September rain-
fall wa« 4.02 inches, against an average of 4.19 for
the past thirty-four years.

September gave 'as 24 beautiful, warm Sunny
days — fine "Sunny South" weather.

October so far has also been very fine. Rain fell
in Septemlier on six days — namely, on the 4th, 5th,
14th, 15th, 21st and 27th. We seldom feel like quar-
reling with our "Weather Bureau People,'' as ther
seem to hit. fit, suit and please lis nicely.

We have lately had the pleasure of reading a little
pamphlet published by Dr. Plecker. a re-print from
the New York Medical Record, upon the "Climate of
Eastern Virginia." We wish the Doctor's little pam-
phlet could be placed in the hands of all who are
studying the question of climate and its relation to
health.

Fall work is well in hand, although it is too dry to
plow. The sweet potato crop is likely to be a little
3hort A. Jeffers.

Norfolk, Va.

COST OF PRODUCING MILK.

At a number of experiment stations recorde
were kept to determine the cost of producing
milk. At four of the stations it cost 55 cents to
produce 100 pounds. This made the cost of one
pound of butter fat 13.3 cents. Milk was pro-
duced at the lowest cost during the summer and
at the highest during winter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

749

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

richmond, va.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,

Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD,

Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING,
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to

subscribers In the United States and Canada

at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and

the city of Richmond, 76c.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after they have
appeared In our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
quiries will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk.
When made otherwise we cannot be respon-
sible.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription is paid.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting the fact at once.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post-
Offlce to which your paper is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this is done

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office. Richmond,
Va., as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Utilizing Bones 728

Value of Broom Corn Stalk and

Chess or Cheat as Feed 728

Early Irish Potato Growing in

Tidewater Va 728

Preparing Pea Fallow for Wheat. . 729

Road-Making 729

Lump on Calf — Japan Clover.... 729

Lime 730

Sores on Mule 730

Preparing Land for Corn — Imple-
ment Dealers — Spring Wheat... 730
Wheat and Oats as Feed 730

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

PUBLISHER'S NOTES.

To Advertisers.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of send-
ing in all advertisements and mat-
ter pertaining to advertising, by
the 25th of each month. If it can
be sent before that date, so much
the better for both of us. There
is not a month that passes that we
do not leave out somebody's ad. be-
cause of it reaching us too late.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.
J. W. Atkinson & Co. are advertising
"paints that stay painted." This com-
pany is in a position to do business
with farmers and is anxious to get
into communication with parties who
need paint for any purpose.

J. B. Watkins & Bro., the well known
nurserymen, have some splendid, vigor-
ous strawberry plants, which they are
selling at low prices.

Dorset sheep and Hereford cattle of
good breeding can be had of H. Arm-
strong, Lantz Mills, Va.

Some finely bred Poland China hogs
are offered by Mr. W. B. Payne, Crof-
ton, Va. He advises us that the de-
mand for stock is good, and that he
recently made shipments to far-off
Texas. Look up his ad. and write co
him for prices.

Knight & Jetton have a fine collec-
tion of jacks and jennets, which they
are offering our readers. Refer to the
ad. elsewhere.

The Chattanooga Nurseries are mak-
ing a special ■ offer on peach trees.
Look up the ad. and write to them for
catalogue and prices.

Mr. Ed. S. Schmid is advertising pets
and all kinds of fancier's stock and
supplies.

Pit games and Pointer dogs are ad-
vertised by Capt. Owen Swaffield. Re-
fer to his ads.

Poll Durham cattle can be had of
Mr. John S. Funk.

The Norfolk Farm Supply Co. has a
seasonable card on another page.

W. E. Knight & Co. start the season's
advertising with this issue. Jacks,
jennets and stallions, of superior
breeding, are offered.

Bargains in Berkshires are offered
by Mr. W. Tally, of Beechenbrook
Stock Farm.

Yager's Liniment, already well
known to thousands of our readers, has
an attractive ad. on another page.

Duroc Jersey hogs are offered by
Mr. D. L. Robertson.

Some splendid Jersey cows, heifers
and bulls are offered by Major A. R.

Po^ltr^

If you want eggs during the win-
ter, you must feed Animal Foods,
such as

Meat Meal,
Beef Scraps,
Blood Meal,

Bone Meal,

to take the place of the insects,
worms, etc., which poultry get in
summer. OYSTER SHELLS and
GRIT are also prime necessities..

Write for Prices and Catalogue tell-
ing what to use for Success and Profit
with Poultry.

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

We carry complete stocks of Cyphers'

Incubators and Brooders, Poultry

Foods, Egg Producers, Lice and

Insect Powders, Poultry

Remedies, etc.

Helpful Catalogue mailed free.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and uther INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by U. 8. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment
Stations. This soap is a ]-'ertil.,:.T :is wHl as an Insecti-
cide, 50-lb. k.'-s, 52..MI; 1iki-!d. k.-jra, $4..-.fi; half barrel,
2701b., S}c per lb: barrel, 42; lb., :Uu. Send for booklet
JAMES OOVD, Original Maker, '

989-41 N. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

FRAZER

Axle Grease «.??««.

Ita wearing qualities ara unsurpassed, ac-
tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand,
Not affected by heat. *» Get the Genuine.
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

b.

■ ■ kills Prairie Dogs, Wood-
' ' chucks. Gnnhers. and

chucks, Gophers, and
Grain Insects. "The
wheels of the gods grind
slow but exceedingly
small." So the weevil, but you can stop their

wnh " Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" a8™ Soft?

EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Yan, N. Y.

Krausers' liquid
Extract of Smoke

Clean

mokehousenwl' i. Sen
kUAVSKB i ran.,

BANK OF RICHMOND,

Main and Tenth Streets.

CAPITAL AND PROFITS, - $1,134,938.14.

Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence Invited.
Three per cent, interest allowed in Savings Department,

Compounded semi-annually.

750

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[November,

Union lock

Fencing

_3

As It Looks When Erected

Strongest and Best

By Every Test.

Has been fnllr tested by leading ponltrnnen

I mesh i

i [■• niii.v Farm, New Jersey. Y

will be pleased with it.

Our Low Price will Surprise Yeu.

We will ship from mills in Connecticut, I
?™ A.". "'"■'""WJluik'uaraiit.-e pr. mpt ae-
ry- Catalogue of t arm and Poultry Feno

Write Us What You Want.
Do It To-Day.

CASE BROTHERS,
1 6-22 Main St., Colchester, Conn.

WIRE • FENCE

HeaTy lateral wires, heavy hart steel stays, coll-
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength,
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and price!.
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls. 0

JHcaviest Fence Kade. AlilJo. 9 Steel Wire!
IS to 35 CENTS PER RGB DELIVERED
" - also sell direct to fr.nn.i.i 11 ,],.,- ■

Cd Spring. Iiarh and Soft G?Iv.-.nized Wir,
'rite for Fence Book showing no stvl=r

THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO.

"' 'flan.1. Ohi

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire

FENCES BKD GATES

^ If your dealer does not have oui
goods in stuck you can buydlreo
at Manufacturers' Price. Writ*
for Catalogue and secure agency.

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio.

Venable, Jr., at very low prices. We
suggest that you refer to his ad. and
write him for further particulars.

Genuine Peruvian Guano as well as
fertilizer chemicals can be had of
Smith-Davis Co., Wilmington, N. C.

I ivite attention to the change in
the ad. of the Imperial Fruit and Stock
Farm.

Dr. D. M. Kipps is offering some
splendid Shorthorn cattle.

Look up the ad. of W. R. Harrison
& Co., in which is offered the well
known line of Tornado ensilage and
feed cutters.

Mr. I. S. Eberly has some very
choice Shorthorn youngsters for sale
at very reasonable prices.

Among the new advertisers in this
issue is Mr. Dorr Clark, who is of-
fering English Berkshires of the very
best breeding obtainable.

Look up the ad. of Percy L. Banks
Norfolk, Va.

Cottage Grove Stock Farm guaran-
tees to please with the Berkshires it
offers. See the ad.

The J. Stevens Arms & Tool Co. has
a striking ad. on another page. Re-
member the boy's birthday and give
him a Stevens' Rifle.

The Temple Pump Co. has a couple
of ads. in this issue to which we in-
vite attention.

The Brown Fence and Wire Co. is a
new advertiser in this issue. Look up
the announcement.

The Acme Harrow ad. makes its
usual appearance this month. Send
for some literature about it.

The prize winning Prairie State In-
cubator is offered our readers in this
issue.

The Truss & Cable Fence Co. has
something interesting to say to parties
contemplating buying fencing.

J. F. Gaylord is advertising his De-
fender Spray Pump again this season.
Inquire about it.

^ Red Ripper

Saves Time, Labor and Money

HAY

PRESS

THE RED RIPPER is the strongest,
simplest, and most durable hay press on
the market; requires only one horse to
operate; capacity, 15 to 20 full size bales
(75 to 100 pounds) per hour. Costs less
than any other good press and does more
and better work than most presses cost-
ing Ave times as much.

Write for Free Illustrated Booklet.
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena, Ga.

BALE YOUR OWN HAYj

MILLET SORGHUM PEA VINES ETC

WITH a"HANDY"baler 7hwx At,

THE STB0N0EST,M03TF0WEI!FUU//fNKllFOPK;50l-UTEl-Y
SWIFTEST AND UCHTEST // !TQ BALES
OPERATING HANC PRESS /// &g uo£,Sl"- .trf I
I EVER PUT ON TMC ff tlTHE" L'Gtn o» HE*" I

LITTLE 61AHT
/ HAY PRESS CO. I

DALLAS/TEXAS.

COMBINED
GASOLINE ENGINE

CHAMPION

and HAY PRESS

it It for 30 years and right up-to-date.
Presses of every style and for everv pur-
aose. If wanting a Baling Press write to

rAM0USMF6. CO. BIT ANIrSttg, tttt

ImalimiGi,

— ^SjjjN— _^i

Zjf .AND iP" 3

PRICEsJoWM JHANEVER |

Tr... A- r»l,lr rVnc, IV . 82 lloo'.. An.,°ClmluO, O. \

[page
DON'T YOU WANT TO KNOW

about the better quality of Page-Wire and
our more practical construction of fences?
Catalogue free. PAGE WOVEN WIRE
FE.NTE i'f)., nnx r,i;. Ad-inn Mich.

Smith— I woke up last night with a
horrible suspicion that my new gold
watch was gone. So strong was the
impression that I got up to look.

Brown— Well, was it gone?

Smith — No; but it was going.

"ELI" MY BALERS.

38 stylo

5~T?

. world's standard.

- bales are tiirlitesl ar.dsliapeliesr. Lnad \
work. Steel *nj wowl frameB, bora* nnJstc'an. fH.A.rj RllMtelogftae. I
Co.lins Plow Co., 1 | ss Hsmpshlm St., Qujncy, III,

W"*T rtllllt «toekfenee*9rjper rod.
.Mend for priee list and FREE catalogue of Wir»
IV w V,nAc«r,d,";'l lin0 °* FeI"'0 Suppllca.

W. M.A1ASON&CO.. Box 80 Leesburg. Ohio.

ELIZABETH COLLEGE. CHAR-
LOTTE, N. C.

This college opened this fall with
an increased attendance over previous
years. This is an encouraging sign for
higher education, as Elizabeth College
has its A. B. degree course on a par
with the Southern Universities for
men. The Conservatory of Music is
maintained and run on the plan of the
Leipzig. Germany, Conservatory, under
the able management of Harry J.
Zehm. The Conservatory is a separate
building in connection with the col-
lege, and is attracting wide attention
on account of the high grade work
done there.

All of the departments of the insti-
tution are headed by specialists who
have enjoyed University training.

_LAWN FENCE

£3 Many designs. Cheap as

ry t.-ood. 32 pace Catalogue

""tree. Sneolal Price* to Onu-

terletflndChnrrliei. Addrei a

COILET SPRIVO FKSCB «•>.

Q WrcehMtor, lad.

C S FOR
EN CE

BEATS ALL ttZZiV_.
SoWfil TO MAKE MONEY

B. B. FENCE CO., Peru, Ind.

■DCV,

STRONGEST
MADE. Bull.

str.eii: ehiek-

1. Sold t, the Fa-mrrat » la.b-

nale i'rlres. Futlv nnrrnnti-ri. ' 'atalnel i-ee

COILED SPETNC- FENCE CO..
Boxsju. .,2 WLa Chester, Indiana.

FARM FENCE

,'a PRICE AND OUALITY

PRICE AND tU.IAL.ITY

WILL PLEASE YOU

_ WRITE US NOW.

WORKS- Louisvh.le.Ky.

Mention The Southern Planteb in
writing.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

751

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

1 Clark's Rev. Bash Plow and Harrow

-'•ia track ,i ft. vide, 1 ft.
deep. Connects the sub-
) soil water. It Is an ex-
cellent machine for
^covering in sugar cane.
strength guaranteed.
Can plow anewly cut
^ forest, stump, bush, or
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Doable Action Cutaway jf^T'f ; . \\JJiWi^
■arrow moves 15,000 tons o'f |jf^yg^T,f J^SrtvW,
artb In a day. *f Tir

Send for Circulars. ' * »

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

— v.- r\ » Made single or double
Vfprfsltr-] One or two furrows five
•* ' **&"" to 'en inches deep ; 14
~-'€i*\T i Inches wide. For two or
'' four horses. Lisht draft.
> side draft. No similar
plow made. \\ hen Clark's grass tools are used
as directed in his grass circular, we, the C. U Co.,
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed . morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grasB.
THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,

Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

The Best Pow??>

here shown j

The best example

LEFFEL ENGINES

efficiency. Easy

tlittle fuel, easy hand-
ling, al way sin order,
long lived, safe, etc.
This style made 10 to

poses. Get free b"ook
Power Ecounmv

ASHTON STARKE'
3. Sales Agt. Blchnx

James
Uffel&Co.
S^S Box 134
Springfield, Ohio.,

INTERNATIONAL
KEROSENE ENGINES

Stationary, Portable, Ma-
rine, for Lighting, Pump-
ing and Hoisting Outfits, all
kinds of machinery. Laun-
ches and Boats. Send for
catalogue and prices.
INTERNATIONAL POWER
VEHICLE CO., 354 Third
St., Macon, Ga.

itii«iareBiai

Water By Water Power.

The pump that never stops. Rai

BUYING A PEED GRINDER.
The season -when feeders will be
scanning our advertising columns with
a view to buying a good feed grinder
is here. The matter of selecting a
mill is important. It is a matter that
should be attended to just once. A
really good feed mill should last a life-
time. It is not uncommon to see feed
grinders lying around on farms bro-
ken and discarded. There is no legiti-
mate excuse for this. The reason is
always the same: the mills were poor-
ly made, not able to do the work, or
were not adapted to the feeder's pur-
poses. In most cases the fault lies
with the maker of the mill, and yet
the purchaser is himself to blame for
not making investigation and selecting
a mill, once for all, that is sure to meet
every requirement.

Buying a feed mill is new business
to many feeders. They have no ex-
perience or data to draw upon. Buy-
ing at random, as many do, it is little
wonder that mistakes are made, and
that so many mills are found "out of
use." For this reason we wish to say
a word about a mill that is advertised
every year in our columns, the Quaker
City, manufactured by the A. W.
Straub Co. Philadelphia and Chicago.
It is a mill that will give satisfaction
to every one of our readers who is in-
duced to buy it. They will not be
buying experiments, for the Quaker |
City has been on the market for 3S |
years. That fact alone should be its
highest endorsement. If it had not,,
been a mill that was durable and met
feeders' wants, it would long ago have
been off the market. Of course, it has
changed— been improved and kept
abreast of the times. The mill as it is
to-dav with one hopper for crushing
and grinding ear corn and another for
grinding and mixing in all grains in
desired proportions, all in one opera-
tion, is the mill we have in mind. It
would not be up to date if it were not
ball bearing. That accounts for its
easv running, its fast grinding with
little power. It is made in eight
sizes, adapting it to small or large
feeder. The mill is sent out freely
on trial. Intending buyers are re-
quested to put it in competition with
others, and to keep the one that proves
itself best suited to their needs. For
the benefit, therefore, of any reader of
this paper who is about to purchase a
mill and is not well advised, we re,
commend sending to the Straub Com-
pany for catalogue and making study
of the Quaker City.

Defender
Sprayer

All brass, easiest work,
most powerful, auto-
B mixer, expanliof

Catalogue of Pumps and
Treatise on Spraying fra*.
AGHNTS WANTED;
J. F. Qaylord, Box 8? Catilul, H. C

Mention The Southern Planteb in
writing.

Robert B. Mantell tells of a clergy-
man who went fishing. He was perch-
ed in a precarious position when he
got a bite, and in his excitement he
fell into the stream.

He yelled lustily for help, and a
farmer came along and pulled him out.

"How did you come to fall in?" in-
quired his rescuer.

"I didn't come to fall in." replied
the dripping preacher, "I came to fish."

Your Feeble
Old Wagon

" pliee its >liatv wheels with

ELECTRIC

t¥.etal Wheels.

Made to fit any skein, straight nr stairu-ered oval
steel spokes, cast in the hub. h><t riveted in the- tire.
Ur. .;>.., tiffs save rutting and draft. Any height de-
sired. Write for free cataloguo for particulars,

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX' ° QUIWCV. 1LUK0IS.

BUGGIES

SURRIES,
DAYTONS
RUNABOUTS

SPINDLE. WAOONS, CARTS.
etc. 8' different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our prices
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 E. Main street.
Richmond, Va.

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

and seud4 Bu~ey \Vb.-els. M,c! Tire on, . $7.35
I Willi Rubber Tires, 816.00. I mfg. wbeels % tolin.
tread. Top Buggies, $28.75: Harness. $3 60. Write for
catalogue. Learn how to buy vehicles unit partsdireot.
' W«gon Umbrella FREE. \V. V. liOOlt.i i,ic.nnatl,0.

—GREAT-
HARNESS INVENTION

FONTAINE SAFETY TUGS
prevent sores and white spots on horses'
backs by regulating tension of girth as if it
were elastic. Prevent buggy running against
horse if breeching breaks. Prevents girth
breaking and shafts wabbling. Made of best
single leather. Outlast other tugs. Hand-
some in appearance. Pair sent postpaid for
$1.50. Write for circular. THE FONTAINE
CO., Christie. Va.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A Fire Insurance Association for Farmers of
Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1899; amount insured
January 9, 1904, $400,000; policies secured by
real and personal property, estimated value,
$1,000,000. Send for statement of plan and book
of membership to CHAS. N. FRIEND, Gen-
eral Agent, Chester, Va.

752

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

ON CONDITION

Free trial given at
your home. If you
don't prind more
feed and do it eas-
ier, bet terand fast- ,

itha ***1

J**

New Hollands

other, return and ire pur nil expense
I., u-t 1. 11 ,-,,r and shelled corn, al

L-ruin. and mixed feed stuff-. Three -tvles. foul

One Operation

is all it takes to break, crush and
grind, either fine or coarse, all

grains .or all teed purposes,

when you use the

KELLY

DUPLEX

i easiest running, strongest
and most durable mills made. New double cutlers;
force feed; never choke. Four sizes, any power.
THE 0. S. KELLY CO., 159 N. Lime St., Springfield, Ohio

QUAKER CITY

Two Hopper Mill

One for ear corn, the other for small grain. Grinds
ear corn and small grain at the same time or sep-
arately to any fineness. Mixes
while grinding, also makes corn
i meal for table use. We furnish

Special Plates

for different kinds of grinding.
Built in eight sizes, one to twen-
ty horse power. Shipped on trial.
Freight prepaid. Catalog free.
3" 87 Filbert St. Phila<Mplili, Fa.
10 Canal SL, Chicago, Ills.

TheA.W. StraubCo.W

Cut! Crush! Shred!

Prepare your fodder so stock will get all the nourish
ment No wu-u
fyooose

Heebner's

3^1 FeBd
jgjjy Gutters.

stock eat it all and thrive on It.

>.00oxn»), 70a h»T« three machines In
cutting. Wb m*k« Tm.i tad Let.

Make Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with

Wilson's Phosphate Mills

From 1 to 40 H. P. Also lt„no Cut-
ter., hand and fiower. fur thr p.ul
trymen; Kurm Feed Mlllv tiro-
ham flour II..I..I Mill., Brll uud

shell miiu. Bend foi cauj.li.nue.

WILSON llKO».. v.plo Mfr..,
Eastou. I'ii.

BAGS

FOR EVERYTHING :
NEW OB SECOND-HAND;
SOLD OR RENTED.
Write for price..

RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va.

Mention The Southern Planteb In
writing

REPORTS.
United States Department of Agricul-
ture, Washington, D. C. Bureau
of Chemistry. Bulletin 86. Arse-
nic in Papers and Fabrics.

Bureau of Entomology. Circular 56.
The Most Important Step in the
Cultural System of Controlling
the Boll Weevil.

Burea uof Plant Industry. Bulletin
67. Range Investigation in Ari-
zona.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
67. The Commercial Status of
Durum Wheat.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Crimson
Clover.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin
51, Part IV. The Cultivation of
the Australian Wattle.

Bureau of Statistics. Bulletin 29.
Methods and Routes for Exporting
Farm Products.

Weather Bureau. Climate: Its Phy-
sical Basis and Controlling Fac-
tors.

Farmers' Bulletin. No. 206. Milk
Fever: Its Simple and Successful
Treatment.

Farmers' Bulletin, 207. Game Laws
for 1904.

Farmers' Bulletin, 209. Controlling
the Boll Weevil in Cotton Seed and
at Ginneries.
Columbus (Ohio) Horticultural So-
ciety. Journal for September,
1904.
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow,
Idaho. Bulletin 45. Trap Rocks
of Palouse Region as Road Mate-
rial.
Kaiifas State Board of Agriculture, To-
peka, Kan. Report for Quarter,
September. 1904. Potato Produc-
tion.
Maryland Experiment Station, College
Park, Md. Bulletin 94. Systems
for Keeping Milk and Butter Re-
cords.

Bulletin 95. The Character of Milk
During the Period of Heat.
Nebraska Experiment Station, Lincoln,
Neb. Bulletin 85. Feeding Ex-
periments with Cattle.

Bulletin 86. Destroying Prairie
Dogs.
New Hampshire Experiment Station,
Durham. N. H. Bulletin 112. Ex-
periments in Destroying Black
Flies.
New York Experiment Station. Geneva.
N. T. Bulletin 248. Popular Edi-
tion, Keeping Qualities of Apples.
Bulletin 253. Report of Analysis of
Fertilizers.
Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-
burg, Va. Special Bulletin, Vir-
ginia State Crop Pest Commission,
No. 45. Circular in Relation to
Some Injurious Insects and Plant
Diseases.
South Carolina Experiment Station,
Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin
90. Texas Fever, Part II, Inocu-
lation.
Bulletin 91. Coast Experiments.
Report of Progress.

I The Best Cooking Range Made,

Your money
refunded af-
ter six mos'. trial if

Clapp's Ideal Steel Range

Is not 50 per cent better than others. My
superior location on Lake Erie, where iron,
Bteel, coal, freights and skilled labor are
cheaper and best, enables me to furnish a
TOP NOT'-H Steel Range at a clean saving
of S10 to S20. Send for free catalogues of five
distinct lines, over 50 styles and sizes, with or
without reservoir, for cttv, town or country
use. CHESTER D. CLAPP, 247 Lvnn St., Toledo, 0.

(phaot.c.l Stove .no Hanoi Man )

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y„ U. S. A.
HERCULES STUMP PULLER

Clears an ncre of heavy timber land each day.
Clears all stumps in a circle of ISO ft. without
moving or changing machine. Strongest, most
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mfg. Co.. 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa.

The best on earth ;
you make no mistake
in buying of a man of 5
years* experience in
pollingstumps. Weset
up the Puller and guar-
antee satisfaction be-
^"ifore we want your
^ money 5 size.. Write
for catalog and prices.
JOS. W RITCHIE. State Agent, R.F.D.No. 39, Grottoes, V«.

STUMP PULLERS £
Seven Sizes -.>

WEPAYTHE FREIGHT

£ CATALOG

FREE

Dept p W.Smith crubber co lacrosse wis

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

753

In Close Touch
With The
Whole
World

TELEPHONES

and line material for

FARMERS1 LINES

So simple you can build your own
line Instruction book and price
list free.

T YOUR IDEAS

> 1 00,000 offered for one in-
vention; $8,500 for another.
Book "How to Obtain a Patent"
What tolnvent" sent free. Send
roug-ta sketch for free report as to
patentability. We advertise your
patent for sale at our expense
CHANDLEE & CHANDtEE, Patent Attorney*
9 76 F Street, Washington, 0. C

HARRIS HARDWARE CO.

409 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va.,
Breech= Loading shotguns $3.85

Bicycles and Sundries-
Hunting Leggins
Razors and Scissors
Hunting Coats
Gun Covers

Pocket Knives
Rifles
Revolvers
Robin Hood
Loaded Shells

WE ARE AGENTS FOR GOOD THINGS.

..Second Hand Bags..

Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, anywhere.
I pay the freight. GEO. T. KING, Rich-
mond, Va.

roawiiiwjMwifl

CLEAN, SAFE. DURABLE AND COMFORTABLE

WALLACE B.CRUMB.F0RPE5oT^LxE,c4°.NN

Bulletin 92. Analyses of Commer-
cial Fertilizers.

Virginia Climate and Crop Service,
Weather Bureau, Richmond, Va.
Report for September, 1904.

Imperial Agricultural Department for
the West Indies, Barbadoes, W. I.
West Indian Bulletin, Vol. V, No. 2.

PAMPHLETS.

The Pecan Tree. How to Plant,
Grow and Buy It. The G. M. Bacon
Pecan Co., DeWitt, Ga.

Why the Fish Failed. A Story of
Potash, by H. W. Collingwood. Pub-
lished by German Kali Works, Nas-
sau street, New York.

The Climate of Tidewater Virginia,
by W. A. Plecker, M. D., Hampton, Va.

Telephone Line Construction and
Equipment. This will be found a very
useful and convenient handbook for
those installing a telephone system in
the country. It is published by the
Williams Telephone and Supply Co.,
Cleveland. Ohio, whose advertisement
is appearing in our columns.

CATALOGUES.

Pumps and Hay Tools. F. E. Myers
& Bro.. Ashland. Ohio. This is one of
the most beautiful and comprehensive
catalogues issued. It contains 374
pages, and is replete with information
and full illustrations of every kind of
pump and hay tool made by this cele-
brated firm. Before installing a pump
or buying haying tools of any kind
send for their catalogue.

J. G. Harrison & Sons. Berlin, Md.,
Nurserymen.

John Lightfoot, Sherman Heights,
Tenn. Strawberry and Raspberry
plants and June bud peach trees.

A NEW HARNESS INVENTION.

We invite the attention of our read-
ers to the ad. of The Fontai'e Co.,
Christie, Va.. which recently patented
and is now offering for sale a splendid
contrivance in the shape of Safety
Tugs. This tug is buckled to the sad-
dle straps and it tightens or slackens
automatically, depending on the pres-
sure upon them.

Some of the many advantages of
these tugs pre that they prevent the
harness saddle hurting the horse's
back; should the breeching break, the
safety tugs will prevent the buggy
from running against the horse; they
always keep the shafts in correct posi-
tion, preventing them from flying up
or wabbling sideways.

Interested parties are requested to
send to the company for descriptive
circulars or testimonials from parties
who have used them.

TOOK A BIG RISK (?)
"The parson preached such a edi-
fyin' sermon on the subjec' o' filthy
lucre that the trustees raised his salary
three hundred dollars. The parson
took it. He said he reckined he'd put
in a new bath-tub an' take the
chances."

The dealer who
sells lamp-chim-
neys to last, is
either a shrewd
or an honest man,
Macbeth.

How to take care of lamps, including the
getting of right-shape chimneys, is in my
Index ; sent free.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

PERUVIAN GUANO

Absolutely pure and not
manipulated.

A FINE NATURAL BIRD MANURE.

NEVER HAS BEEN EQUALLED.
NEVER WILL BE EQUALLED.

SHIPMENTS FROM | ™lm°n£ton.n. c.
SMITH-DAVIS CO., Importers,

WILMINGTON, N. C.

LIM

AGRICULTURAL
AND BUILDERS'

Send for Circulars and Price-List,

F ELLSWORTH LIME WORKS,

REEVES CATT, Agent,

Staunton, Virginia.

DEHORNING ISN'T CRUEL

ENGI N ES I 13 Horse Traction J2fi0; 10 Horse
Traction $.'00; Boilers, Engines new and seel
ond hand from 4 to 100 Horse. Single saw mil-
8125; Double mill S150: Machinery of every des-
cription at one-third actual value

1). CASEY. Springfield. Ohio.

CHSSTWUTS.

WANTED— To communicate with persons hav-
ing extra large native chestnuts. J. RUSSELL
SMITH, Univ. of Penn., Philadelphia, Pa.

754

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Xovember,

Northern Virginia Farms.

Of every class, adapted to Grain. Fruit
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 5.— 163 acres; half timber, bal
ance cleared; 11 miles from station
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house
Fine water. Five miles from station
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one-
half miles from station. Forty acres
Umber, balance cleared. Fine land.
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

23. — 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun
county, 31 miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land.
Price, $7,500.

No. 36. — 275 acre farm in Fairfai
Fine quality of grain and grass land
Good buildings. Refined and edu-
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April and May issue of South
ebn Planter for description of the
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER, ■ Herndon, Va.

VIRGINIA THENCE

HOMES

, TO .
FIND THE BEST

V* here Healtb, Climate, Soil, Location
unci markets are unsurpassed. Any
size, place and price to suit ibe buyer
ot a stock truck, frait. poultry or ti-b
and oyster farm. The James Kiver
\ ailey Colonization Co. oS'ers super-
ior advantages to land buver«. Write
for free 36 P. pamphlet giving fill par-
ticulars.

W. A. PARSONS,

C. & 0. Main St. Depot, - - Richmond, Va.

ESTABLISHED 1875.

I TRUCK

FARMS.

The beet grazing section of Virginia, Blue
Crass Indigenous. If you are Interested Id
fruit growing or trucking, you can find no
better country In the United SUtea.

BUY THE BEST and Bend for our free
Real Estate Bulletin, It will help you find It

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND

AGENCY. C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krenning.
General Managers, WytheTllle. Va.

CNC CABMQ In the great fruit grain and

rill C rHnlYlo »io«-k section of Virginia

BeBt -Umale and .vater In the U. 8. Near crest
markets, with beet educational advantages
For further Information, address

ALI'.KMARLE IMMIGRATION CO..
Bam'l B. Woods. Pres. Charlottesville, Va.

MAGAZINES.

Prof. Henry Fairfield Osborn's paper
on "The Evolution of the Horse in
America," which is the opening article
in the November Century, would give
distinction to any magazine. It is the.
second in his group on "Fossil Won-
ders of the West." the first, on the
"Bene Cabin Quarry of Wyoming,"
having appeared in September. This
is the first complete account of the ex-
plorations of the American Museum of
Natural History under the William C.
Whitney Fund, and presents very
striking results in the direction of
solving many problems in the study of
the fossil horse. The paper is fully
illustrated. November being the month
of the Horse Show in New York, The
Century presents also three drawings
of "The American Horsewoman," by
Urquhart Wilcox: "The Morning Ride,"
"The Winner," and "In Perfect Form."
The horse also figures in the frontis-
piece, St. Gaudens' Sherman group at
the entrance to Central Park, repro-
duced from a color drawing by F. V.
Dumond, which conveys not only the
color but the vigor and spirit of the
original. Two other examples of
color work are a "Tiger and Cobra."
drawn by Charles R. Knight, and a
double page drawing by Maxfield Par-
rish in illustration of Keats' ode "To
Autumn." which is accompanied by a
facsimile of the original manuscript,
owned in Boston, and now first repro-
duced.

There are also timely as well as sea-
sonable features, reflecting the current
interest in Japan and Russia. Hon.
Andrew D. White continues his enter-
taining papers, with recollections and
impressions of Russia during his ser-
vice as minister in 1892. The article
has in parts the character of a philip-
pic, and is written with intense con-
vietion. Mr. White gives his impres-
sions of the present Czar and Czaro-
vitch. and others of the imperial fam-
ily— De Plehve, Makaroff. De Witte —
and records his frank criticism of the
Russian foreign policy and its conduct
toward Finland.

"Japanese Devotion and Courage" is
the title of a paper by Oscar King Da-
vis, who describes graphically the
three heroic attempts to block the har-
bor of Port Arthur, and several cour-
ageous actions on the part of the mili-
tary. A short article on "The Peer-
[ Japan in Tableaux" introduces
a dozen views of a recent exhibition
frr charity in which, for the time, the
peeresses appeared in public — an extra-
ordinary innovation, which is said to
be no less remarkable than the feudal
nobles' voluntary relinquishment of
their fiefs in 1868. The subjects of
these tableaux were heroic scenes from
the history of Japan. A curious paper
by Gustave Midland, entitled "The
Brain of tlir- Nation," undertakes to
answer the question, "Where are the
most intellectual people of our coun-
try?"' In this respect the large cities
are compared, with a result which is

.•To Homeseekers*.

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
will gladly mail you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt.,
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

Northern Virginia,

drain. Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of

every Class witnln one hour of Washington, P. C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

farms a Specialty ....

Catalogue on application.

BUELL CSL SO .

il E.s

Herndo

rairfax Co.. Va.

DWELLING, LAND and
HILLING OUTFIT,

for sale. Fine 10 room house, well furnished,
25 acres good land (5 acres cleared), 10 min-
utes' walk to depot, together with pumping
station, 20 h. p. boiler and engine, saw and
grit? mill and cotton gin, in good running
condition, in the town of Bronson, Fla.
Price, $2,500. Write for further information
to J. R. SQUIRES, Bronson, Fla.

A FINE FARM FOR SALE-

Being physically unable to property man-
age my farm of 910 acres, I offer it for sale.
600 acres in cultivation, 200 acres splendid
timber land— no waste lands. Good dwelling,
s'nre house, barns, water- works, telephone,
daily mails. 13 good cabins, with tenants.
All lands in cultivation, circled and terraced.
Price, $17.50 per acre. Any one looking for
such prroperty can address or call on

W. B. MERCIER. Centreville. Miss.

Old Virginia Farms

25, 50, 100, 500, 1.000 and 2,000 acre tracts.
Some of these highly Improved and conre-
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK-
ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich-
mond, Va.

630 ACRE FARM

Near Keysville, Va., for sale at $4.00 per
acre. This farm Is well wooded and watered;
about half of it is In original growth timber
valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx-
ious to sell. Correspondence invited. T. B.
ROBERTS, Chase City, Va.

CHEAP LANDS for sale

1.000 acres on Indian river. Fla. Building
lots, orange and grape fruit groves, pine-
apple plantations, wild land. $5 to $10 per
3cre. Also a bearing fruit farm near Lynch-
burg. Va., $15 per acre. Owing to poor
health, will sell any quantity desired cheap
or. easy terms. Rare opportunitv for profit-
able investments. JAS. HOLMES. College
Park. Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for ALL: Health for ALL; Happi-
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL size*
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL
reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

765

To Land Owners.

Have you a map of your larm. or la
your old map torn and falliDg to pieces?
I make a specialty of farm map making.
and should be glad to make you a nice
map. If you haven't a map, copy the
metes and bounds from your deed (be
careful in copying), and mail to me: or If
you want your old map copied, mail It to
me. My maps are made on best quality
mapping cloth (doesn't tear or fade), and
look well framed and hung on the wall.
Are you satisfied that your farm contains
as many acres as you paid for? or »re
you buying or selling land and wish to
know the area without going to the
trouble and expense of a new survey? If
so, let me calculate the area for you from
the old notes on your deed. Many of our
old surveyors were very careless with
their calculations, and I may save you
many times my small charge for calcu-
lating.

My charges are: For maps, $2.00 each;
for calculating area. 10 sides or under,
fl.00; 10c. extra for each side over 10.

SPECIAL, ATTENTION given to sur-
veying and dividing large tracts of land
and to surveys of coal, timber and min-
eral lands in Virginia, North Carolina
and West Virginia.

DAVID T. WILLIAMS,
Civil Engineer and Surveyor, 336 Main
St., Danville. Va.

FARM LANDS.

The best locations, choicest lands in Vir-
ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit. Poultry. Dairy.
Stock. For catalogue and further informa-
tion, address

Real Estate Trust Co.,

RICHMOND, VA.

/ Can Sell Your Farm....

If located Id one of these Virginia counties:
FTlnce George. Chesterfield, King William,
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

VIRGINIA FARMS

$3 Pen AORE AND UPWAROC

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO.. Richmond, Vi

Established 1875.

Go South.

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
Norfolk, Va.

• «w« VIRGINIA FARMS •^«

Nice little poultry fnrm. 100 acres, good house
and orchard, *.¥ u On. Blue Grass, Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
Lcuisa, Va.

POSITION WANTED

on a stock and dairy farm, by man who ha*
had experience with cattle. W. P. DAVIS.
R. F. D. 6. Gaffney, S. C.

SALESMEN WANTED

In Virginia and adjacent territory for old
established line of live stock remedies. Only
those with experience in this or similar line,
and capable of earning $100 net or more, per
month need apply. Give references and full
particulars in first letter. Address JOS.
HAAS, V. S.. 106 So. Penn.' St., Indianapolis,
Ind. ~

likely to cause surprise to most read-
ers.

Of the fiction — the readers of "The
Sea Wolf" will turn first of all to the
concluding chapters of that strenuous
tale. The stories include "Within the
Enemy's Lines," by Edward Boltwood;
"Down the Flume with the Sneath
Piano," by Bailey Millard; "The Man
Who Forgot," by Alice Sedgwick (sis-
ter of Anne Douglas Sedgwick) — a
story of cheating at cards; "An Impos-
sible Possibility," by Elliott Flower, a
story of municipal politics. These are
illustrated, respectively, by Ashe, Rus-
sell. Marchand and Gruger. A fifth
story, unillustrated, is "Miss Harriet's
Extravagance." bv Florida Pier.

Readers throughout the United States
and Canada are on the qui-vive of ex-
pectancy at the announcement of a
new novelette by Charles G. D.
Roberts. This is published entire in
the November number of Lippincott's
Magazine. A bit of inside history con-
cerning this "find" is that it was first
submitted in short story form to the
editor of Lippincott's Magazine. He
at once saw in it splendid possibilities
as a novel and suggested its expansion
to Mr. Roberts. Hence, "The Prisoner
or Mademoiselle de Biencourt" makes
its bow to the public in a size befitting
its greatness. This is a rattling good
story of adventure. It is placed in
the beautiful "Evangeline" country;
and in picturesqueness, in power of
portrayal, and in literary finish it is
not surpassed in contemporary fiction.

An entertaining tale of "get rich
quick" variety is called "The Meta-
morphosis of Phil Barrett." Its au-
thor is Albert Payson Terhune, the
talented son of his talented mother,
"Marion Harland." Among the ple-
thora of automobile stories afloat the
one called "Matched Pairs." by Helen
Sherman Griffith, shines out on a plane
by itself for its cleverly interwoven
love-interest. Prince Vladimir Vaniat-
sky, the Russian diplomat, contributes
a short story, entitled "The Tragic
Child." which contains a happy note,
notwithstanding its title. A humorous
story of a preacher's ruse and its out-
come is called "Uncle Luke's Down-
fall." The author is C. T. Revere.
"The Tale of a Cad." by Alison M.
Lederer. presents its artist hero in the
unenviable role of playing fast and
loose with a woman's heart.

An especailly important paper, on
"Mr. Gladstone's Friendship with Lord
Acton." is written by the Hon. Maud
Lyttelton. All the interesting new
matter which it contains has been en-
dorsed by "The Grand Old Man's"
daughter, Mrs. Mary Gladstone Derw.

The November St. Nicholas, No. 1 of
Volume XXXII, is notable by virtue
of the first chapters of L. Frank
Baum's new serial, "Queen Zixi of Ix."
Mr. Baum will be remembered as the
author of "The Wizard of Oz" and
other delightful absurdities; and this

Make your face
happy by using
Shav-

/illiams'

Soap.

n

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample

for 2 -cent stamp to pay postage.

Write for bookie: " How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute,

(State Agricultural and Mechanical Collet*)

AT BLACKSBURG, VA.
A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECH-
NOLOGY.
54 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shop*,
Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 4M
acres. Steam heating and electric lights il
dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture,
Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri-
cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gea-
.-ral Science. Shorter courses in Practical
Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total
cost of session of nine months, including tui-
tion, and other foes. Board, Washing, Text-
Books. Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc.,
$222. Cost to State students,S18S. Session be-
gan September 21, 1904. For catalogue and
other information, apply to J. M. McBRTDB,
Ph. D., LL. D., President.

WANTED TO SUPERINTEND

a good farm in Virginia, near river pre-
ferred, either on shares or on salary. Will-
ing to put some money in if satisfactory.
Have run a James river farm for nine years
successfully. I have a large force of help
in my own family, and had a life experience.
Best of references in Virginia and here. Ad-
dress THOS. SHOOSMTTH, 3030 Kensington
avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.

Situation Wanted

by a practical and experienced man, as
Manager of a Large Dairy Farm near a town
where milk and butter could be sold from a
wagon. Address B. H. VAN MATER, Bel
Alton, Charles County, Md.

WANTED

an experienced man on my farm, near Rich-
mond. $15 per month and board. Also a boy.
$i per month and board. Address "EXPE-
RIENCE." care Southern Planter.

# WANTED .*

An experienced farmer and business man
wi"-h $2,000 to engage with me in the sheep
business in the mountains of West Virginia.
Also good man to rent a farm in West Vir-
ginia. O. D. HILL. Kendalia. W. Va.

F. E MYEPS & BRO. Honored.

Thev Capture Hiqhes* Awrd at the

Louisiana Purchase Exposilion

The World's Fair Judees have awarded F E.

Myers &Bro . Ashland. Ohio highest eratid prize

nn"fi enld menial for their famous line of Pumps,

Hsv Ton's, etc

Thia Is ntilv another proof of i he fnct that every
one who knouts the bet "Takes ofl his hot to the
Myers."

Mention Tite Southern Planteb In
writing.

756

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November.

G rain Pasture Mixture

FOR FALL SOWING.

A combination of Wheat. Barley,
Rve and Winter Turf Oats.

-.: of Winter and

:- roving

r hay.

■ ■ :: acre.

Price per bushel. $1.00. 5 bushel and over

90c per bushel. 50 bushel. 85c per bushel.

SACKS INCLUDED.

Wecarry the rr.cs: c;rr.:'.ete ssscrtment
cf a:: seeds, viz: Seei Wheat. Barley.
Rye. Winter Turf Oats. Grasi.

I Crcps.
Write for our Large Free Catalog No. 423.
WOOD, STUBBS £ CO., Seedsmen.

LOUISVILLE, KY.

Trees - Trees

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees.

APPLES. PEARS, PEACHES,
CHERRIES, PLUMS, GRAPE
VINES, RASPBERRIES, Etc.

S-ive a^ent'^ commission by send-
ing your onler to the nursery.
CATALOGUE FREE. All Stock Inspected
..M.htH,,. ana Fumigated.

WERTZ'S NURSERY, S.LEM.VA.

Reliable Seeds

FOR FALL SOWING.
Seed Oats, Rye, Barley, Rape, Vetches,
Alfalfa, Clover and Grass Seeds. Onion
Sets and Harden Seeds of the highest
quality and germination at the lowest
market price?. Write us for quotations.
Mall orders given prompt attention.

DIQQS & BEADLES,

SEEDSMEN,

1709 E. Franklin St.. RICHMOND, VA.

-~~'~~-~-^'--^'- -- "»"•

new story starts off so fascinatingly
that every young reader will welcome
the announcement that "Queen Zixi of
Ix" is to run all through the year.
The story is also notable for its illus-
trations, many of them in color. In-
deed, it is promised that the serial
will bring at least sixteen full pages
printed in color, with sixty or more
colored illustrations in the text.

The November St. Nicholas brings,
too, the first of what promises to be a
series of rarely instructive and valu-
able papers for young readers by the
well-known art critic, Charles H. Caf-
fin. The papers will be grouped un-
der the heading, "How to Study Pic-
tures." This month Mr. Caffin" takes
up the two paintings of "The Madonna
Enthroned," by Cimabue and Giotto,
and the paintings of "The Virgin En-
throned," by Botticelli and Memling,
tells of the artists, points out the like-
nesses and the differences of the pic-
tures contrasted, and in careful detail
advises how to get the most and the
best out of pictures. The same plan
will be followed in other papers to
come, and reproductions of the world's
masterpieces will be used to point the
moral and adorn the tale. And there
is another series of helpful and in-
structive articles beginning in this is-
sue, entitled "The Practical Boy." by
Joseph H. Adams. This first paper
treats of simple carpentry and paint-
ing and the use of tools in a clear,
practical manner, with many illustra-
tions to help the amateur carpenter.
Other papers are promised from month
to month along the same lines from
Mr. Adams, who was for years chief
designer of artistic wood and metal
work for a great manufacturing firm
in New York.

THE

NUT NURSERY CO.

MONTICELLO FLA.

Growers of FANCY and RARK ' . Tenet
by grafting in all of the more Important
species of nuts. We have probably the
FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PI.
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F.
JONES. Manager.

GINSENG A. RAW FURS
Wanted: full value for your goods. Write
for price lists. Address H. C. METCALF,
Alstead, N. H.

FLOOR PAINT.
A Methodist minister's wife is au-
thority for this recipe, published some
years ago in a newspaper: For a floor
twelve by sixteen feet, take four
pounds of French ochre and mix with
one gallon of boiling water, to which
one ounce of melted glue has been add-
ed. Paint the floor with this mixture
while it is hot, using a whitewash
brush for the purpose. It dries quick-
ly. If applied at noon, it will be dry
by night. When dry apply a coat of
boiled hesc-ed oil. using the whitewash
brush. It should be dry by morning.
About three quarts of oil will be need-
ed. The floor improves in looks as
it is cleaned from week to week. Fill
cracks and nailholes with a mixture of
sawdust and glue several days before
painting.

Daniel Webster liked to make re-
marks of a character intended to puz-
zle simple minds. Stopping to dinner
one day at a country inn on his way to
Marshiield. he was asked by the hos-
tess if he usually had a good appetite.
"Madam." answered Webster, "I some-
times eat more than I do at other
times, but never less."

COW PEAS

WANTED.

f^tate variety and Drice, and mail
samples.

Robert Buist Company,

SEEDSMEN,

Philadelphia, - - Penn.

SEED (Irish) POTATOES.

PERCY L. BANKS,
P. O. Box 182, Norfolk, Va.

Strawberry Plants,
Trees, etc.

$1.60 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY
PLANTS, and if you are not satlsfled with
Uiem, you can get your mosey back. Send
for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R.
F. D. 2. Sherman Heights, Tenn.

Largest Peach Tree Growers

IN" THE SOITH.
Write for oar new illustrated
and descriptive catalogue of
general Nursery Stock.

CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES.

Chattanooga. Tenn.

Alfalfa Seed fcVS&ffi

INOCULATED ALFALFA SOIL, 75c. 100
lbs.; J10 a ton. RECORDED HEREFORDS.
almost beef prices. J. X. SHIRLEY,

Lebanon, Ind.

SAVE THAT PORKER.

To any person sending us 25 cents In
stamps or silver we will send by mail a
bottle of GREGORY *S ANTISEPTIC HEAL-
ING OIL. guaranteed to cure every case of
Cholera in hog or chicken if administered In
Grst stage of the disease. Cures colic la
man or horse in one to three minutes. If It
fails drop a postal card and we will return
stamps or money. Full directions given.
GREGORY MEDICINE CO.. Conway. Ark.
Send now, as this ad. will not appear but
three times.

OPIUM

^^Woollf... >■.!>.. A I lam

■ i Wlii.UcT Ilnblla

Bool, of partin
FREE. K.

N.l'r>,

1904.]

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

757

Horse Owners Know

KENDALL'S SPAVIN CURE

Bleecker, N. Y.. Jan. 24, 190i.

which kindly send me your "Treatise on the Horse
and his Diseases." I think that your Kendall's
Spavin Cure is a great remedy for everything. I
would not be without it I cured a Spavin of three
months standing on a colt with one bottle of your
Spavin Cure. WILLIAM KH1NEHART.

•rice- SI ; six for S5. As a liniment lor family ns
t has no equal. Ask vour drugpist f<"»r Kendall'
ipavln Cure, also a -Treatise on the Horse and his
Diseases," the book free, or address
Or. B. J. KENDALL CO., E > OSBURC FALLS, VT

Sp«vii\N

i

Bone Spavin, Boe Spavin, Ringbone or
auv kind ot uleniish-we have what yon
Seed to make a certain cure. Guaranteed
always-money right back 11 It ever falls.

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid)

for the soft bunches-Paste for the hard
ones A 4S-minute application and the i^L
lameness {roes. Lots of blemish Infor-
mation In the free book we 6end.

.Fistula.

&r\d

►Poll Evil

Do yourself what horse doctors
chnri>« i.i- prici-t* for trying to do.
Cure Fistula or Poll Evil in fifteen
to thirty days.

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure

is a wonder— guaranteed to cure any
case— money back if it fails. No cutting—
no r=car. Leaves the horse sound ana
smooth. Write for our free book, on
diseases and blemishes of horses.

FLEMING BROS., Chemists,
S«0 L'nlon Stock Tarda, Chicago, ML

(.OEATH TO HEAVES

NEWTON'S HesTe, Congh, Ufa
temper und Indigestion (ur*
A veterinary specific for wind,

For Si
other B<
su*e cu

NO noRE BLIND HORSES.

eciflc Opt islmla. Moon Blindness, and
re Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, ia haven

GREENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .n.
other Orug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustw

Mr. Editor, — We are pleased to note
many improvements in manufacturing
in this section, among which we find
the Planters Hoe Shop, formerly own-
ed by D. & H. Scovil; now owned and
run by the Porters, who have added to
this already large shop another shop
200 feet more in length, and another
100 horse power engine. I have also
noticed the addition of another 100
horse power boiler and engine added to
the already large water power of the
famous Cutaway Harrow Co.'s works;
also notice with pleasure the addition
of an electric light plant to spread the
light and power into the dark corners
of this shop.

The Clarks' Genuine Cutaways are
truly a great invention. The Clarks'
Cutaway trade-mark is worth a for-
tune to the Cutaway Harrow Co. It
always insures a machine of excellent
quality. The trade in this section is
good; also in the South, West and far
West: foreign trade was never better.
Yours truly, Geo. M. Clark.

YORKSHIRE HOGS AT BOWMONT
FARMS.

We invite the attention of our read-
ers to the ad. of Bowmont Farms.
Col. Bowman, the proprietor, writes us
that he has recently added to his al-
ready fine herd of large Yorkshires the
great sows, Oak Lodge Julia, 35th,
Oak Lodge Pride, 80th, first and third
prize sows, respectively, in the Junior
class at the recent swine exhibit at the
World's Fair. Both of these sows
were bought from Mr. Brethour, of
Ontario, who is a well known breeder.

These farms have always been noted
for breeding the best in everything,
and It is very evident that Col. Bow-
man is determined that this reputation
shall not suffer. Look up the ad. and
get prices on Some of the splendid
stock now for sale.

Warranted

to give satisfaction

THE LEHMAN HEATERS.
One of the most useful devices ever
advertised in our columns is the Leh-
man Heater. It certainly transforms
a long, cold drive in a sleigh or buggy
into one of comfort and pleasure. The
Heater is very neat and attractive in
appearance, costs only two cents per
day to operate, using Lehman Coal,
which has no smoke or smell. There
is positively no danger of setting fire
to anything. Inquire of your hardware
man for one, and if he cannot supply
you, write to the makers, whose ad.
will be found on another page.

Would you rub up a lather on your
face for shaving with a coarse scrub-
bing brush? It's nearly as bad — using
toilet or laundry soap for the lather.
After shaving, your face ought to feel
cool and smooth and comfortable. If
it doesn't— try real shaving soap —
made by Tho J. B. Williams Company,
advertisement appears else-
in this paper. Shaving may be-
come a pleasure — as you will learn if
vou take advantage of their offer.

'Si^at-M

GOMBAULT'S

CAUSTIC BALSAM

A safe, speedy and
positive cure for

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hocfe,
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs,
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Dibhtheria.
Removes all Bunches from Horses or
Cattle.

As a HCMAX KEMKDYforRheu*
matlam, Sprains, Sore Throat, etc.. It

is invaluable: . . .

Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is

"Warranted to pive satisfaction. Price 8S1.SO

j.er bottle. Sold by druppists, or sent by ex-
press, charges paid, with full directions for its
use. Send' for descriptive circulars, testimo-
nials, etc. Address
THE LAWRMCE-WIUIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be culieeted every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Our experience proves this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of S100. 00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

JOHN B. PURCELL, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr , Vice-Pres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier.
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier

"Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

BY Prof. W. F. MASSEY.

383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper. 60c.

We offer this splendid work (n connec-
tion with th-3 SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:

Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.26
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90r
Old or new subscriptions.

758

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

COCKERELS

of the following breeds for sale at $1 each

D and WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS

ORCAS, BLACK LANGSHAN

S. C. WHITE and BROWN and R. C

LEGHORNS and LIGHT BRAH-

Jso TOULOUSE GEESE and PEKIN

DUCKS. .1. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm,

Manassas, Va.

^FiNE, FOWLS^

I PP and WHITE PLYMOUTH

SILVER, WiiiTli HUFF and PAR.

! | LACK MINOR-

IHANS; LIGHT BRAH-

'ARTRIDOl I IOCHINS;

WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS.

ire headquarters for stock and eggs
of the above breeds, and will give
tiou every time. OAKLAND POl
FARM, C. J. WARINER, .Manager, Ruffin,
N. C.

SILVER. I.ACEO

WYANDOTTES.

ii altby. farm-raised
i ne plum-
fl.25; fe-
i urdej
ii gel lir-t ehA^ce.

to every Astomer or mo-
ney refunded. I'd La N ii
pCfcj CHINA PIGS ;j each.

White Leghorn

Cockerels for sale. Exhibition
or breeding stock. Address

C O M. FINK,
R. F. n. 2, Richmond, Va

SINGLE COMB

White Leghorn

Cocks and Pullets. Some
fine ones, and plenty of nice
B. P. ROCK PULLETS for
sale at right prices. Write
us your wants.
PRICE & PRICE. Propr.,
Green Bay Poultry Yards,
Green Bay, Va.

BROWN LEGHORNS,
White Plymouth Rocks.

So ae line poukerels and pullets f >r
salt el ftp

R. W. HAW, Jr., Centralia, Va.

SPECIAL SALE.

BARRED PLYMOUTH COCKERELS for sale
at a very low special rate if taken before
boroughbred stock, and
are very fine birds. Elegantly marked. Ad-
dress PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, Whlt-
i t, Va.. Miss E. CALL1K GILES,
Propr.

FOWLS FOR SALE.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS (Mammoth

Strain), $7 per trio. EMBDEN GEESE <">
per pair. ROSE COMB WHITE LEGHORNS
$4 per trio. MRS. LIZ'..: Versailles,

Tenn.

HOME-MADE RUGS.
There are many sensible women in
the country who never gave up the
practice of making rag rugs during all
the years these useful things were in
r. an,! now that fashion has set
its seal of approval on them, they are
besieged with inquiries as to how to
make them. The old custom of speak-
in? of "hideous rag carpets" has
plar-i> to such exclamations as, "How
striking.-' "Too beautiful for anything."
The woman in the country is apt to
smile a little over the raptures of her
visitors, and wonder how long the new
fad vcill last, but she knows that as
ugs will
form an important part of the furnish-
ing thereof.

To the novice a few genera] direc-
tions may not come amiss. For kitch-
ani! on porches the hit-and-
tyle is the best, as the odds and
ends from making fancy rugs may be
used as well as the ugly rags old
trousers and coats make. Keep all
colors separate, and much trouble and
work will be avoided. Some people
argue that it is just as easy to have
one large basket and pick out the rags
as you want them; but much handling
frays and spoils them, and it is just
as easy to have three or four grape
I baskets without handles to hold the
different colors. For fine rugs cut
the rags narrow, but where they will
see hard service make the strips at
least an inch wide. Of course the
finer the rage the thinner the rug.

For a bedroom rng. I have just fin-
ished tearing up some faded shirts,
that could really be called white now.
and seme old pink night shirts. I
know this will be a dainty combina-
tion, for a woman near by made one.
using pink chain, or rather a light
of red, and the result was very
Qg. One pink and one white was
the rule, and 1 aimed to tear the strips
the same length as nearly as possible.
This rug will not get hard wear in
front of a spare bed. and will keep
clean several years before it needs
washing. After that it can be dipped
in dye and used again, or, if dingy-
'. be used on rainy days on the
piazza.

For a drugget for a dining-room.
take all one color of rags and have
trips woven each one yard wide
and two and one-half yards long. Some
looms turn out carpet a yard and a
wide, and in that case it is
better to make the strips a little
longer. Strip six inches from each
end with a six inch band of contrast-
ing color, and when the strips ;ire
together, you will have a beau-
tiful drugget at a moderate cost. Mine
is made from old trousers, and has a
red border and red fringe. The fringe
'om woolen yarn, in the way

fringe our tidies, and we

think it is very pretty.

all white rug is beautiful but. to
my mind, toe perishable for a home
where the mistress does her own work.

TEN TRIOS

Buff Leg'Horns,

the best layers, beautifully marked, from
strains which layed 210 eggs a year. $5 a
trio.

StJPERB BRONZE TURKEYS from the
best pens of the country. Trio, $10; hens,
$3 each. Toms, $4 to $5 each. Satisfaction
guarantee. A. R. VENABLE JR., Farm-
ville, Va.

PIT GAMES.

Imported KENNY and ASEELS of the best
fighting strains in England. A few 1904 birds
for sale. Price $6 the trio. State wants.
OWEN SWAFFIELD,
Ivy Depot, Va.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. Y., 4 out of (.
Hlue Rock. Ha., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., i
straight. Roanoke. Va., 8 oat of 9. Akron,
la., 2 straights. Eggs, $2 per sitting. Yousf
trios, quail size, $3.

rHOS. W. JARMAN. Yancey Mills, Va.

WHITE HOLLANI) TURKEYS, W.
PLYMOUTH ROCK FOWLS, TOU-
LOUSE GEESH, PEKIN DUCKS
and PEA FoWLS.

Egt-'s in season. Will exchange for

White Plymouth Ro<-ks.
OAK HILL FARM, Wenonda, Va.
(Oak Hill Station. D. & W. Ry.l

BARGAIN SALE

of Cockerels; LaDgshans,
Orpingtons, Rocks, Wyan-
dottes, Minorcas, Leghorns
and others. Write wants.
Low prices for early buy-
ers. Large illustrated poul-
try book describes 40 va-
rieties best poultry, only 6c. List free.
JOHN E. HEATWOLE. Harrisonburg, Va.

Pure-Bred Buff Orpington

Cockerels for sale; $1 up, depending on
quality. Also K. «'. White Leghorn Cockerel a,
"Victor Rtrrtiir*, and m. k Turkeys of excellent
breeding. Write me what you want. T. M.
KING. Queensland Farm, R. F. D. 2, Hagan,
Lee county, Va.

& PIEDnONT HEIGHTS FARM j&
YANCEY niLLS, VA.
SINGLE <OMB BROWN LEGHORN Cock-
erels. Pulleis and yearling hens t'or sale. Young
stock la nraciicHlly full-grown.

P. C. LOUHOFF, Prop.

SATISFY YOURSELF

SPLENDID BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK
COCKERELS (Bradley Strain). Can be re-
turned if don't please. L. W. WALSH, Box

1! ■ !. Lynchburg, Va.

CHICKENS

for sale. B. P. ROCK. S. C. B. LEGHORN
and WHITE WYANDOTTE. FlDe pure bred
stock. Prices reasonable. Write Mies CLARA
L. SMITH, Croxton. Caroline county, Va.

PURE BRED

Mammoth Bronze Turkey

Gobblers for sale. MISS M. E. BADER.
McGaheysville, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

759

EDW. S. SCHMID,

Emporium °? Pets

SINGING BIRDS, FINE BRED FOWLS,
CAGES, PIGEONS, DOGS, PET ANI-
MALS, GOLD FISH, AQUA-
RIUMS. DOG AND BIRD
FOODS, MEDICINES,
ETC.

FLORISTS' SUPPLIES of all kinds.

712 12th Street, IN. W.,
WASHINGTON, = - - D. C.

ANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes, Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twelfth St. N. W.. Washington 0. C.

PURE BRED

Buff "lymouti! Rock

COCKERELS, April hatch, for sale. Finely
colored; from famous Nugget strain; healthy
and well grown. For prices, etc., address
MISS MARY FOSTER, Salem, Va.

Very fine pure bred

Plymouth Rock Cockerels,

for sale at $1.50 each; also some splendid
M. B. Turkeys for sale. F. MAXWELL
CONNER, Box 316, Richmond, Va.

Homer Pigeons,

Bred of choicest selected stock, from Ply-
mouth Rock Squab Co., $1 per pair.

C. DE BRUYN KOPS, Wake, Va.

COLLIE PUPS

By Imported Sires, sable and white and trl
colors. Prices. g-S to S15- Older ones correspond
ingly low- Book on Training, ,t0 cents ; Free 1'
yon buy a Collie.
MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM. Rutland. Vermont

Scotch Collies

Champion blood of England and America.
Puppies now ready to ship. Also bitches in
whelp for sale. MEYER & JEHNE, Farm-
ville, Va.

Scotch Collie Pups

3 months old, bred from prize winning im-
ported stock, with written pedigree for 94
generations. Price, $10 each. Trained grown
dogs at reasonable prices. C. H. BENNETT,
Hollins, Va.

$s-Pointers*^r

Several broLen dogs and puppies of the best
English and American strains for sale at rea-
sonable prices. Also BULL, FOX and AIRE-
DALE TERRIERS.

OWEN SWAFFIELD,
Ivy Depot, Va.

The faded blues and pinks from chil-
dren's dresses and old shirt waists
combine beautifully and may be used
with white or colored chain. Insist
on having plenty of chain used in the
weaving or your rug will be unsatis-
factory and soon worn out. Red rugs
show "the dirt badly, but are useful to
brighten up a dull carpet in a living
room, while green ones are especially
pleasing to the eye in summer time.
Choose a reliable dye and follow the
directions to the letter, if you expect
success in coloring. Have your rags
clean and wound in small hanks, dry
thoroughly, and there is not much
danger that they will fade.

If one? you take up the carpets at
spring cleaning time and leave them
up till fall with only gay rugs on the
painted floors, you will never want to
go back to the old way of having a
dusty carpet down the year round.
Two or three new rugs a year will be
ample even for a large family, for
they wear like iron when well made. —
Hilda Richmond, in Country Gentle-
man.

The October "American Boy." with
its football cover and ninety illustra-
tions, ought to make a boy's heart
jump with pleasure. This number is
especially attractive. There is a mes-
sage from Governor War-field, of Mary-
land, to the boys of America, a page
devoted to the Order of the American
Boy. books reviewed, directions for
saving drowning persons, a page on
stamps, coins and curios, one on ama-
teur photography, and one on puzzles.
Published by The Sprague Publishing
Company. Detroit. Mich. Subscription
price. $1 per annum.

INSECT PESTS IN NORTH CARO-
LINA.
To the Editor:

Dear Sir, — Your attention is called
to the press edition of the Entomologi-
cal Circulars. Each of these circulars
deals with matters pertaining to in-
sects which are of importance to farm-
ers, truckers, orchardists, or to the
public generally. It seems to me that
it would be well, therefore, if you could
print this notice in your paper, with
the statement that copies of the regu-
lar edition of each of the circulars
may be had on application to me.

I beg to assure you that this office
is doing all that it can to make its
work of real value to the people of the
State, and to this end request your
co-operation in extending notices of
the circulars as they are issued.
Franklin Sherman,

Entomologist.

Department of Agriculture, Raleigh.
N. C.

THE BRUTE.

Wife — Mr. Dauber, the artist, has
asked me to let him paint my face.

Husband— He didn't think one coat
was enough, I suppose. — Topeka State
Journal.

PRAIRIE SIATE

INCUBATORS
AND BRjOODERS

nners of 385 First Prizes. A
phenomenal record of successes in
the hands of poultry-raisers. The
machines that insure success,
uld you like to know about them?
Write for beautifully illustrated
free catalogue.
Ftalrie Shis Incubator
Co., Boi 425,
Homer City,
Pa.

Mm.l:l:M«ll«

"GEOiRTEL(o|

QUINCY. ILL

m tells >

hy

TT*"hi

ne is preferred

rTrf by "s

,n.| ;■:]

. There

s pointers that

dollars

to you. We

!!■» pay f

»:J

:, and guarantee goods

loney ba

k. The book

J is free. \\ ril

|..r

i today.

Postal will do.

if!

EA5Y MONEY!

is made by installing a HawkeyeJ
Incubator. Little cost, little care, 1
results sure, profits large. 80 Hays' 1
Free Trlol. Catalogue free. Mention ]
tbia paper.— Hawk eye Im-ubatorl
Co., liox 49, Newton, Iowa. J

Percheron Stallions

For sale: 2 yeats • Id unci older; bred fmm tbe

best families'in America; pedigrees tracing to

imported sire and dam; nothing but imported

stallion used at the bead ot stud; prices right.

D. T. MARTIN, Salem, Va.

Sweetwood Jr.,

at a bargain. Dark sorrel, 6 years old,
weighs 900 pounds: went half mile this sea-
son In 1.08 with 3 weeks' handling. Write
for pedigree. Price, $300 cash, if taken at
once. H. F. SINCLAIR, Morrison, Va.

THOROUGHBREDS for Sale.

BAY COLT "BDRT," May 10, 1901. By Au-
rus, Cara Bell, by imp. Charnxus.

FLORENCE GLENN, No. 15709, chestnut
mare, by Linsey Woolsey; Thelma, by imp.
Esher, foaled Mav 27. 1898.

BROWN FILLY, Hannah C." No. 32735,
foaled March, 1902, by Aureus: Kathb en Gray,
by Jim Gray. For further information, ap-
ply to S. H. WILSON, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville.
Va.

FOR SALE O EXCHANGE

ALBENSON: 6V9. Standard bred
stallion l(:", hands h'gb ; weight, 1 200
lbs. Rich buy with black points
throughout.

GEO. 0. WINGFIELD, Bed'ord City, Va.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE

Thoroughbred Stallion

■■Hano." No. 18308 (foaled May 20, 1898),
by Hanover, out of Lizzie Lee. she by Ten
Broeck; he is a rich chestnut 15% hands, a
sure foal getter, and a grand hunting horse.
Write at once about him. G. I. HUTCHIN-
SON, Summerville, S. C.

Mention The Southern Planter in
writing.

760

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

30 ANGORA GOATS

For sale at

reaeonable Prices.

Kills in Pairs.

C. H.W1NE, Brandy Station. Va.

J profitable For large clr-
E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Clilty. Ky

ta

JACKS,

JENNETS,

STALLIONS.

Fine Jacks a specialty.

Write for what you want.
W. E. KNIQHT & CO.. E. F. D. 5.
Nashville, Tenn. Phone 3095L

KNIGHT & JETTON,

Breeders of and dealers in

JACKS,

JENNETS, STALLIONS,
Durham and Hereford

Yearlings.

FINE JAPES a specialty
Send Stamp for catalog

Murfreesboro, Tenn.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

A fine lot of KHN
TUCKT bred and bl.
BLACK SPANI8)

Jacks and Jeaneta
alio 1 and 2 Tear ol<
Jacks; young atock fo'
•ale at all timet
Write or aee me be-
fore you ouj. Lome to Kentucky It yoi
want a good Jack. JOB E. WRIGHT, June
tlon City, Ky.

Woodland Dorsets.

At fi grea' State Fairs this year, we
won every first, but two. At St. Louis,
we won second on Ewe Lamb and thini
on Bam Lamb, against the strongest
Dorset Show ever seen in America
J. E. WING & Bros.. Mechanicsburg, O.

AND

DORSETS
HEREFORD*

H. ARMSTRlr.G. Lantz Mills. Va.

0. I. C. PIGS

sfrJtSSr FROM REQ. STOCK
FOR SALE. PRICES RIOHT.
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va.

MAKING BOTH ENDS MEET.

The old saying. "His head will never
save his hands." has many illustra-
tions, and in this story it has a most
forcible application.

"Well, Caleb,-' said Captain W., of
Massachusetts, years ago, "what will
you ask a day to saw wood for me?
I've got several cords that I want saw-
ed in two for the fireplace."

"I should charge you about half a
dollar a day if I had a saw." replied
Caleb, "but I ain't got none, captain, so
I don't see how I can accommodate
you."

"If (hat's all that's lacking I guess
we can manage it," said the captain.
"I've got a prime new one, keen as a
brier, and I'll let it to you reasonable.
How would ninepence a cord do for the
use of it?"

"I reckon that's a fair price, cap-
tain. I'll be over in the morning'."

Bright and early that next July
morning Caleb was at work, and he
kept at it so faithfully that he finished
before sunset, when he went to the
house to settle.

"Let's see" said the captain, "you
were to have half a dollar a day: we'll
call it a day, although it ain't sun-
down yet. That's 50 cents for you.
And you were to pay me ninepence a
cord for the use of the saw. There
were three cords and a half in the
pile: that makes 433 cents due me.
Somehow, Caleb, you don't have very
much coming to you."

"How unfortnit," said Caleb, after
scratching his head dubiously for half
a minute, and then looking up quickly,
as if a new light had broken in upon
his mind. "How unfortnit that you
didn't have half a cord more, for then
we'd a come out jest square!"

A POPULAR BOOK.
On March 7, 1804, "a numerous and
respectable meeting of persons of va-
rious denominations" was held at the
London Tavern, and a society formed
"to promote the circulation of the
Holy Scriptures in the principal living
languages." At that time the Bible,
or portions of it, could be obtained in
about forty living languages, spoken
by two-tenths of the race. During the
century since the meeting at the Lon-
don Tavern adjourned, and very large-
ly from the machinery then and there
started, the Scriptures have been trans-
lated into 450 languages and dialects,
understood by seven-tenths of the race.
By the London society alone 1 SO. 000,-

ooo 'opies hove been distributed, at an
expense of $70"oor>no. if we n(],] t0
this total the 71 000.000 copies already
distributed by the younger American
Bible Society, and the unknown mil-
lions printed and sold by private en-
terprise, we find ourselves inside a
safe estimate if we hold that certainly
noo.000,000 copies of the Scriptures, in
whole or separate books or portions,
have gone into circulation during the
last century. Amazement attends the
study of the Bible, whatever the point

^HOLLYBROOK FARM^*

BEMSjUBE PIGS

For Sale.

THREE FINE YOUNG BOARS,
five months old, $7.50 each.

TWO YOUNG SOWS, same
age and breeding, $7.50 each.

These pigs are from registered stock
and are first-class in every respect. Our
pigs have free range, witl a tine stream
of running water through the hog pas-
tures, and our stock is as vigorous and
healthy as possible.

Prices include crating and delivery
f. o. b. cars at Richmond, Va.

HENRY W. WOOD,
P. O. Box 330. Richmond, Va.

ENGLISH

BERKSHIRE PIGS,

for sale. A fine lot of spring farrowed
Boars and Gilts. These pigs are sired
by Imported Oanesfield Tailor (7<><M0)
from the famous R. W'. Hudson herd,
Danestield England. His sire is the cel-
ebrated Manor Faithful, which sold at
the Biltmore sale of 1903 for $615.00.

Their dams are Buttercup of Bilt-
more II (6ti61 1) and her get by Imported
Danesfield Minting (B. B. 8664), giving
strong Highclere blood. The bfst strains
of Berkshire blood in the World is in
these pigs Pei igrees with every pig.

Address, D CLARK]
SN0WDEN FARM, FREDERICKSBURG, VA

WE NOW HAVE A CHOICE
NUMBER OF PURE-BRED

ire Pigs

MINIBORYA FARM,
Box 9iil, Richmond, Va.

BEECHEN8R00K STOCK r'°" , M

A Sp endid Chance

TO BUY ROYALLY BRED BERKSHIRES

AT A SACRIFICE.

Pigs from 8 weeks to S months old. Also
that line Hoar King John, of Fassit'ern, No.
0123. 20 months old, by Sir John Dull, 3609,
imported. Also 4 Registered Sows, IS months
Old, all bred to King John of Fassit'ern.
Will sell almost at butcher's prices to close.
Act promptly. WILLIAMSON TALLEY,
Richmond, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

761

BERKSHIBES

ANNEFIELD HERD

Contains the

Finest Blood Lines

in England and America.

Young Stock for Sale. *

Inquiries cheerfully answered. v

EDW. G. BUTLER. Annefield Farms, g

Berryville, Virginia. 8

of view or the course pursued. But
nothing about the Bible is more amaz-
ing ihan its continuous, universal and
utterly unparalleled popularity. In
nearly every, if not every, country on
earth where books are sold, more
Bibles are sold than any other book.
Last year the British and Foreign
Bible Society alone distributed 5,943,-
775 topics, the majority by sale, in 370
languages, covering every part of the
globe. And the issue by the American
Society for the year amounted to
1.993.558 Bibles and portions. — Cen-
tury.

Berkshire Pigs

ready for October and November de-
livery by my 700 lb. boar, Capt. Jack
68623 and out of sows weighing from 500
to 600 lbs. in only fair breeding condi-
tion. To shiw that these pigs are ex-
tra good, I WILL SHIP TO RESPON-
SIBLE PARTIES ON APPROVAL.

Every hog in my herd is registered.
WOODSIDE STOCK FARM,

Charlottesville, Va.

OCR herd represents the
very best strains imported

-LARGE-

English Berkshires.

Choice stock at reasona-
ble prices. Address

Cottage Grove Farm,

P. 0. Box 5. Greensboro, N, C.

BERftSHIRES

All my pigs sold except twenty-one (21),
farrowed September 20th. 24th and 25th, 1904.
from registered sows, sired by MASON OF
BILTMORE II (68548). Price, $6 each, or
$10 a pair f. o. b. delivered first week in
December. None but Biltmore blood in my
herd.

ROBERT HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va.

THREE BRED

[Berkshire Sows

and 1 READY-FOR-SERVICE BOAR for
sale at a bargain. COLLIE PUPS, sable and
white, full white points; breeding unsurpass-
ed. 'Write for prices. ALFRED P. WHITE,
JR., Parksley, Va.

Berkshire Pigc

now ready for shipment. They are "tops" in
breeding and Individuality. Also M. B. TUR-
KEYS and S C. B. LEGHORN CHICKENS for
sale. J. T. OLIVER, Prop'r.

Allen's Level, Va.

CHRISTINE'S CONSCIENCE.
Christine was the young daughter
of a professor in a Western University,
and had acquired from the students a
picturesque vocabulary. The kitten
with which she was playing one morn-
ing displeased her, and she exclaimed:
"Oh, you blanked, blanked little kit-
ten!" Thereupon her mother led her
to her bedroom, washed out her mouth
with soap and water, then touched it
with quinine. "It is very bitter, my
daughter," said the troubled parent,
"but the taste of those bad words you
have spoken is far worse." On the
following day the kitten again dis-
pleased Christine, and she muttered
something inaudible. "Christine!" said
her mother, warningly. "I didn't say
it, mamma," declared the culprit. "No,
I kept the words shut up tight; but
it's the very same kind of kitten it was
yesterday." — Lippincott's.

WHO, INDEED?

An old Scottish minister took it into
his head to marry his housekeeper.
His precentor being ill on the day
when the banns were to be proclaimed,
the ministei. not caring to make the
intimation himself, arranged with his
herdbov to do it.

"Now," he said, "you must call out
in a loud voice, 'Proclamation of mar-
riage between the Rev. Mr. Murray, of
this parish, and Jean Lowe, o' the
same.' Ha! ha!" laughed the minis-
ter, as he concluded. "Wha'd hae
thocht it?"

The Sabbath came round and the
congregation assembled. When the
moment arrived the lad, who had duly
prepared himself, rose and called out:

"Proclamation of marriage between
the Rev. Mr. Murray, of this parish,
and Jean Lcwe, o' the same. Ha! ha!"
he laughed, thinking this to be a part
of the proclamation. "Wha'd hae
thocht it?"

REG. BERKSHIRES

ready for shipment. Will sell
choap. S. C. B. LEGHORN
chickens, 65c. each; good, healthy
well bred stock. 3 year old Reg.
Jersey Bull at ?50. Selling to pre-
vent inbreeding. EVERGREEN
DAIRY & STOCK FARM, W. B.
GATES, Propr., Rice Depot, Va.

A SOCIAL HAPPENING.
Little Alphonso, Jr., had been care-
fully tucked into bed, had asked for
his last drink of water, and was about
to dream material for new questions
when his mother heard, as she was
carefully and quietly folding the little
garments in the dim light, "Mother,
how was it I first met you?" — October
Lippincott's.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLAND CHI IN AS

Two fine litters of pigs now ready for sale;
six beautiful young sows ready to breed, and
a fine Guernsey bull calf, one month old.
F. If. SMITH, JR., R. F. D., No. 4, Char-
lottesville, Va.

Registered Poland Chinas

1 year old Reg. P. C. SOW, bred to Reg.
P. C. Boar. $25.

3 mos. P. C. PIGS, eligible to registry,
$5 each.

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE COCK-
ERELS, $1 each. Fine birds. E. T. ROBIN-
SON, Lexington, Va.

P. Chinas

1 Berkshire

C. Whites Large

strain. All ages
mated not akin.
Bred sows, Service
boars, Guernsey

' calves, Scotch Col-
lie pups, and Poul-
try. Write for prices and free circular.
P. F. HAMILTON,
Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa.

EDQEWOOD STOCK FARM,

has for sale a choice lot of

REQ POLAND CHINAS

of the FINEST STRAINS, descendants of
prize winners. GILTS, BRED SOWS and
ready-for-service BOARS for sale cheap to
make room for spring litters. Must be sold.
Orders booked for spring pigs. Don't fail to
get my prices before buying elsewhere. Cus-
tomers in several States. Mention the South-
ern Planter. W. B. PAYNE. Crofton, Va.

Du roc Jerseys

FROM REGISTERED STOCK.
A few nice Sow Pigs of March. 1904, farrow.
Also a nice lot of August and September.
1904, farrow of both sexes for sale. Stock
guaranteed as represented. Give me an order
and I will please you.

D. L. ROBERTSON,
Marmaduke, Warren Co., N. C.

Salt Pond Hard.

DUROCJERSEYS

Home of Paul J. 21625, Also Lulu's Pet 40434.

Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write
for what you want.

S. A. WHITTAKBR, Hopeslde, Va.

V^DUROC PIGS"-

Also, handsome SETTER DOG eight months
old; pure black ANGORA KITTENS

AND MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS

AT FARMERS PRICES.

S. M. WISECARVER, Rustburg, Va

762

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

SOME VERY FINE :-:

Red Polled

Calves, entitled to registry, for sale; also a

few very good

Poland China Pigs

whose breeding cannot be excelled. Only
one SHETLAND TONY for sale now.
ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM. SAM'L B.
WOODS. Propr., Charlottesville, Va.

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

Shorthorn

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOQE, Hamilton, Va.

THOROUGH-BRED....

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.
P. T. ENGLISH, CentreTllle, lfd.

OAK-HILL FARM.

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-
TLE. BERKSHIRE, POLAND
CHINA, RED JERSEY, and TAM-
WORTH HOGS, FOR SALE

WRITE FOR PRICES,

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Station on farm)

on I). & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Danville, Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTON,

Wenonda, Va.

IN ALL THAT'S GOOD,
OWENS OFFERS THE BEST

The Cedars Kennels, Poultry and Stock Farm.

Home of the most fashionable strains of
Llewellyn Setters, Beagle Hounds, JerBey
Cattle, Duroc Jersey and Poland China
Swine, M. B. Turkeys and B. P. R. chickens.
Fanciers' Stock — Farmers' Prices.

WM. G. OWENS. Midlothian, Va.

OAK . GROVE- STOCK-FARM

offers for sale a num-
ber of fine ESSEX PIGS
November delivery. Also
some choice POLAND
SHOATS, March, 1904. M
farrow. $15 per pair. **""
Tour orders solicited. All stock as repr

L. Q. JONES, Tobaccovllle, N. C.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

GOOF) HOUSEKEEPING.

GREEN TOMATO CATSUP.

One peck of green tomatoes boiled
soft in a half gallon of vinegar.
When done press through a sieve. Add
one teacup of sugar, one-half ounce
p.irh of cloves, allspice, cinnamon and
black pepper, four ounces of horserad-
ish, one dozen silver skinned onions,
chopped fine, one ounce of garlic, three
pods of green pepper, boil till very
thick. Take from the fire, add three
pints of good vinegar. Bottle and
cork. Dip each cork, after pressing it
in tight, in a cement made of equal
parts of wax and beef suet. Be care-
ful not to break thp cement and your
catsup wil keen indefinitely.

CORN BATTER CAKES.

Two pints of corn meal, one pint of
flour, three egtrs beaten light, one and
a half teaspoons of soda, one table-
spoon of lard, one teaspoon of salt.
Make into a thin batter with butter-
milk. Fry on a hot griddle.

BREAKFAST PUFFS.

Mix one teaspoon of salt in one of
baking nowder and sift them in one
quart of flour. Add the •well-beaten
yolks of three eggs, one tablespoon of
butter and nearly three cups of sweet
milk. Stir together lightly, and just
before baking add the whites of the
eggs, beaten stiff. Bake quickly in
well greased patty pans or muffin
rings.

FRITTERS.

Beat three eggs very light and add
to them a heaping tablespoon of but-
ter, a pint of flour, one level teaspoon
of soda, dissolved in a little hot water
and nearly a pint, of buttermilk. Mix
very smooth and drop by spoonfuls in-
to deep boiling fat. Pry to a light
brown, skim out and sprinkle with
powdered sugar and serve with wine
sauce, or have the butter, sugar and
wine on the table and let each person
season to taste.

BEEF PUnBINO.

Chop the bpef and potatoes, about a
third as much potato as beef; do not
grind; this makes it pasty. Put them
into a pudding dish, a thick layer of
the meat and then a thin one of the po-
tatoes, then a sprinkling of bread
crumbs, oenper. salt, a little celery
seed, and if you choose a shaving of
onion, then meat again, and so fill the
dish. Pour over it a gravy from boil-
ing the bonps in water. Let the top
layer be bread crumbs, and after pour-
ing the gravy over it put a few rings
of hard boiled eggs and lumps of but-
ter all about the top and bake until
the potatoes are done. This is a good
way to use up scraps.

CARAMEL PIE.

Three tablespoons of butter, three
eggs, two cups of sugar, two table-
spoons of flour, half a cup of milk.
and half a nutmeg. Beat all well and
arid I wo cups of damson preserves.
Rako in an open crust. If you have no
damsons, any acid jam or jelly will do
as well.

SWEET POTATO CUSTARB.

Boil the potatoes done. Peel and

REGISTERED

SHORTHORNS

A few choice BULL CALVES 6 months old
for sale at reasonable prices. Write me for
further information. I. S. EBERLY, Glen-
dale, Va.

WILLOW GLEN

Short - Horns.

Special offering of two and three year old
heifers with calves at side. Also nine head
of splendid young bulls. Prices low if sold
at once. Inspection invited. DR. D. M.
KIPPS, Front Royal, Va.

ELLERSLIE FARM^
Thoronghbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep
and Berkshire Pigs.

Fob Salb. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va,

Springwood Short-Horns

Young stock for sale, sired by Royal Chief,
No. 185432; he by Imported Royal Stamp,
Champion Bull at Ohio State Fair this year.
Spring and fall Poland China Pigs and
shoats; sired by Coler's Perfection. I will
sell this hog at a bargain. Call on or writ*
WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, 158548, 1st prize aged bull at Kadford Fair,
Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence Invited.
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va.

RED POLL BULL,

5 years old, Registered, for sale. Price, $100;
also Reg. POLAND CHINA BOAR, 1 year
old. Price, $25. Address G. F. COX, 1300 E.
Main street, Richmond, Va.

I WILL TRADE FOUR PURE-BRED

POLLED DURHAM BULLS

(double standard) for a team of Matched Car-
riage Horses. Address FIELD,
Box 656, Knoxville, Tenn.

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delivered anywhere for - ■ $2.00
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

Mention The Southern Planteb In
writing.

I'.iOL]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

763

Elkton Stock Farm,

LOCATED ON NORFOLK & WESTERN R. R.

12 Miles W. of Lynchburg.

Breeders ot Pure Bred. Registered

HEREFORD CATTLE

BERKSHIRE HOGS.

Young stock for sale at all timet", at reas-
onable prices.
All statements and re presen tut ious guar-
anteed.

LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE.

FOREST DEPOT, VIRGINIA.

Aberdeen- Angus £-., fl-

Bull Calves J- *

Bom as follows: Dec. IB, 1903; Jan. 30,
1904; May 15, 1904; June 2, 1904; Aug. 11.
1904. Calves will be kept with their dams
until 9 mos. old. None sold yoUDger, and
NOT SOLD AT ALL AS BULLS, unless they
turn out good specimens of the breed.

I shall also be ready to part with my
herd bull. •■ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR."
40364, Nov. 1st. He will be 6 years old Dec.
2. 1904.

The two calves first mentioned are pure
bred and very promising youngsters, but out
of unrecorded dams; the three last are reg-
istered I am willing to exchange "KOCK-
BKIDGE akACToR'' or any f the aliove calves
for a suitable herd bull not less than 18 mos. nl<1.
B. F. DAY, Glasgow, Va.

ANGUS HERD BULL

FOR SALE

To prevent inbreeding, we offer our herd
bull. PAGAN, 26416; sire BARONET NOSE-
GAY, 13S69; dam. PRINCESS ERICA OP
LINN, 10369. Pagan is 7 years old, weight,
2,000 pounds, vigorous, active, perfectly bro-
ken, an excellent sire. Address ROSE DALE
STOCK FARM . Jeffersonton, Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANQUS
CATTLE.

FOR BALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months ol- , up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange. Va.

To reduce my herd of

JERSEYS

I will sell 4 or 5 first class family cows,
now in calf, at very low prices; also 2 Reg.

BULL CALVES.

4 to 6 mos. old. One is a son of RIOTA'S
PRIMA DONNA, tested Y1V2 lbs. butter in 7
days; the other, a son of LADY MADELINE,
who gave 200 lbs. more milk per month than
her own weight. Price, $50 each; also 10

JERSEY HEIFERS,

from 6 to 15 mos. old. from my very best
cows, and no better in Virginia, for $30 each.
These cattle are in fine condition, kindly
handled, and will make valuable animals.
A. R. YENABLE. JR., Manager, Farmville,
Va.

weigh. To one pound of potatoes add
a cup and a half of butter, two cups
of sugar, the yolks of six eggs, beaten
light, a half cup of milk. Beat all
■well and add the whites beaten to a
froth. Mix, season with fresh lemon,
ard bake in pudding dish or in pastry.

MOLASSES PIE.

Two cups of molasses, five eggs beat-
en separately, one and a half cups of
brown sugar. One large spoon of
melted butter, half a nutmeg, and a
tablespoon of flour. Beat all well to-
gether, and bake on rich pastry.

GINGER COOKIES.

One cup of butter, one cup of sugar.
one cup of molasses, two even tea-
spoons of soda, one tablespoon of
ground ginger, a teaspoon of cinna-
mon, two eggs, enough flour to make
a soft dough. Roll thin and bake
quickly. Dissolve the soda in warm
water.

APPLE FLOAT.

Select large firm apples and put
them into a new tin pan with a little
water in it. Bake them thoroughly
done, then let them cool., and with a
spoon scrape out all the pulp, being
careful not to let any of the core get
in; sweeten and season this pulp, then
add to each quart the well beaten
whites of four eggs. Serve at once
with cream seasoned with vanilla.

WALNUT TEA CAKE.

One cup of butter creamed with
three cups of sugar, five cups of flour,
five eggs beaten light, one teaspoon of
soda, two teaspoons of cream tartar,
milk enough to make a stiff dough ; it
will take very little. Roll thin and
cut into squares. Bake in a quick
oven. Boil two cups of granulated su-
gar till it threads from the spoon;
have ready beaten very light the
whites of three eggs. Pour the sugar
over them very slowly, stirring all the
time and adding a cup of chopped v»-al-
nut meats. Ice each little cake with
this and set it aside to dry.

PUMPKIN PIE.

Cook a yellow pumpkin thoroughly:
mash and press through a sifter. To
four cups of pumpkin, add four cups of
milk, a teacup of butter, three cups of
sugar, four teaspoons of cinamon, two
of ringer, one of grated nutmeg, and a
half teaspoon of cloves, eight well
beaten eggs. Mix all these ingredients
together and bake in a rich crust.
Serve cold. Caraven.

25 REGISTERED

HOLSTEIN and GRADE

Milk Cows for sale. Most of them to calvs
this fall. H. W. MANSON, Crewe. Va.

Mr. Brown's little daughter, aged
ten, accidentally swallowed a nickel.
He' sent his little son. aged six, in
great haste for the doctor.

The child soon returned with the
doctor and also the minister. His
father met them at the gate, and,
sending the men into the house, he
kept nis son outside and asked him
why he had brought the minister.

"Papa." answered the little boy, "I
heard you tell mamma, last Sunday at
dinner, that this minister could beat
any man you ever saw for getting
money out of people."

HEREFORDS!

The very best breed of beef cattle
for the South is the HEREFORD. I
am convincing scores of farmers of
this fact, as evidenced by my sales.
When a purchaser sees for himself
what these cattle are doing, I don't
have to argue any longer. When he
sees a HEREFORD keep in better
condition than the scrub in the
same pasture with him, or lay on
more fat on the same or less feed,
or sees a grade HEREFORD CALF
sell for $10 or $15 at 6 weeks, or go
to the slaughter-house at 20 months
weighing 1,200 to 1,500 pounds, is it
any wonder that he is convinced of

the superiority of the breed? There
are lots of farmers and stockmen to
be convinced yet. I believe if in-
terested parties would come (and
this is a special invitation to come )
and inspect the CASTALIA HERD,
half of the task would be accom-
plished. I will meet any one if
notified. To those who cannot
come, I will say that if you will
write me your wants, I will give
you the benefit of my best judgment
in making a selection. I am sure to
have something — BULL, COW, or
HEIFER — which will suit your
fancy, and purse also.

MURRAY BOOCOCK,

"Castalia,"

KESWICK, ALBEMARLE COUNTY, VA.

761

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

TRAINING FOR YOUNG FARMERS.

The popular course for young farm-
ers in the North Carolina A. & M. Col-
lege, Raleigh, N. C, known as the
Short course in dairying anil agricul-
ture, opens this year January 4, 1905,
and continues for ten weeks, closing
March 10, 1905.

On account of many improvements
in the line of work introduced, the
work will he for more interesting and
important than before. A new course
in Farm engineering ihai will be given
in connection with the other studies
will add much to the import ri
the work. This study will embrace
rural architecture, and farm machin-
ery, and special stress will be placed
upon designing barns, houses, silos,
etc.

Another course that will be added is
that of Farm Management, which will
include a discussion of the manage-
ment of the farm in various details.

A third new course that will be of-
fered will be the Cotton course, which
will include cotton growing, judging,
breeding, and soil management in all
of its phases. It is believed that the
cotton course will be especially im-
portant to the young farmers in our
State, and it should receive the attend-
ance of every young cotton farmer who
can get away from home during the
v. Inter months.

No entrance examination is required
in these winter courses, and no tuition
is charged at all. Practical courses
are hereby open to all who desire to
better themselves in the various lines
of agriculture. The total cost for ten
including board, room, light and
fuel, etc., is but $30. Young men con-
templating attending should send in
their application at once to c. W. Burk-
ett. Professor of Agriculture, West Ra-
leigh. N. C. as all students are regis-
tered In advance of the opening date.

DIDN'T KNOW BEANS.

Senator Hoar re'ates with much glee
the conversation that recently took
place between two Southerners, the
first of whom had but lately returned
from a trip through New England.
Said the first man from Dixie to his
friend:

"You know those little, white, round
beans?"

"Yes," replied the friend, "the kind
we feed to our horses?"

"The very same. Well, do you know,
sir. that in Boston the enlightened
Citizens take those little, white, round
boil them for three or four
hours, mix with them molasses and I
know not what other ingredients, bake
them, and then— what do you suppose
tbev then do with the beans?"

"They—"

"They eat 'em, sir!" interrupted the
first Southerner, impressively. "Bless
me, sir. they eat 'em!"— Edwin Tar
risse, in October Lippincott's.

Mention The Southern Planter in
writing.

ACME

Pulverizing Harrow

Clod Crusher and Leveler.

The best pulverizer — cheapest Riding Harrow
on earth. We also make walking ACMES.
The Acme crushes, cuts, pulverizes, turns
and levels all soils for all purposes. Made
entirely of cast steel and
wrought iron — indestructible.

Sent on Trial

To be returned at my el-

pease if not satisfactory.

Catalogue and Booklet

"An Ideal Harrow"

by Henry Stewart,

mailed free.

I deliver f o b at New York, Chicago, Colnmbns, Louisville, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, Portland, etc.

DUANE H. NASH, Sole Manufacturer. Millington, New Jersey*

■ranch Houaasl I 1 0 Washington St., Chicago. 240 7lh «... So., Minneapolis. 1316 W. 8th St., Kansas CH».

1'u:amv mention this paper,

FOR SALE.
10 Registered Jersey Heifers

Due to calve this fall and winter.

Several Registered IIRIFER CALVES, four months old, at
$25 each, it' taken this month, and a few BULL CALVES at
farmers' prices.

Also several GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERKSHIRE
BOARS, SOWS and PIGS.

Two grand guard Dogs (Danes) , 6 months old, at $20 each.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

URY STOCK FARM HERD OF

^fc-^_ HOLSTEIN - FRIESI ANS —

DE KOL 2D BUTTER BOY 3D No. 2 heads our herd: his breeding and Individual
excellence are second to none. A few COWS, YOUNG BULLS and HEIFERS from our
best cows, for sale. All the leading families represented.

ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs by such Eoars as MANOR FAITHFUL. Imp.; wt. 1100
lbs.: FANCY DUKE, a double grandson of LOYAL BERKS; ESAU PRINCESS OF FIL-
STON, by ESAU. Imp. THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md.

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Han for sale a large num-
ber of nice young regis-
tered A. J. 0. 0.

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFERS.

None better bred In the South. Combining
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, 126:
Heifers, same age, J35. POLAND CHINA
PIGS. JS each. Send check and get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop., Battleboro. N. C.

TB

THE WOODSIDE HERD

for sale; 2 grandly ■■-■ ' —

JERSEY BULLS,

l year old. For prices and descrip-
tion, address,
DAVID ROBHRTS, Hoorestown, N.J.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

FOR SALE LOW

7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS BULLS and
HEIFERS from 6 months to 2 years old. One
Bull Calf, half Angus and half Short-Horn.
Fine family Milk Cows fresh, young and
gentle. One pair splendid 1.200-pound Bay
Mares 6 years old, flrst-class all-round farm
teams, and very good roadsters. One fine
SADDLE MARE, 4 years old, very handsome
and stylish, every gait, Hackney and Ham-
bletonlan. One beautiful DRIVING MARE,
coming 4 years old, three-fourths Hackney,
one-fourth Hambletonian. These Mares are
well bred and nice enough for any one.
Pure-bred Poland-China Pigs at $6 each.
Pure-bred Llewellyn Setter Pups, $5 each.
Silver-Laced Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul-
lets at $1 each.

W. M.WATKINS& SONS, Sue, Ya.

1904. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 765

MORVEN PARK

GUERNSEYS

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, Esq.

LARGE HERD OF FASHIONABLY BRED REG-
ISTERED ANIMALS, INCLUDING COWS IN THE
ADVANCED REGISTRY. HERD HEADED BY THE
BRILLIANTLY BRED IMPORTED BULL,

TOP NOTCH No. 9023.

The Dam of this Bull, Imported ITCHEN BEDA, took 1st prize at the "Park
Royal" Show in England in 1902, and her daughter ITCHEN BEDA II, took the
same honors in 1904: further, Imported TOP NOTCH'S Dam, ITCHEN BEDA, en-
tered the official advanced Registry of the American Guernsey Cattle Club this year
with a record FOR THE YEAR of 10642.10 lbs. of milk; 548.70 lbs. of butter fat,
equivalent to 640.15 lbs. of butter.

The Pedigree of Imported TOP NOTCH, with some of the achievements and
prizes won in the direct line of his ancestry, are given below :

TOP NOTCH, 9023, bred by Sir Henry Tiehborne, of England, was sired by Rival, 1343 E, and is out of Imp. Itctaen Bed»,
15627. His father, Rival, by Rival of Mont March. U64, P. S.. out of Clatford Gentle. 4746, E.ffirst prize English Royal.
B. & W. E. and Royal C. 1D00). His mother, Itchen B da, 15627 (see record above); Bhe by Loyal of Hunguets, 978, P. S.
(first prive. 1896, second prize, 1898) ; sire of Itchen Lady, Hayes Lily du Preel. His extended pedigree is impossible in this
space, but will be furnished if desired. It goes back to winners of the Queen's prizes, as well as to members of her late
Majesty's Prize Herd.

MORVEN PARK is situated in Loudoun County, Virginia, and because of its
climate and soil is peculiarly adapted to the production of the highest class of animal
life, and particularly to supply the needs of Southern breeders of pedigreed cattle.

REGISTERED and TUBERCULIN TESTED animals for sale, including a fine
lot of BULL CALVES at reasonable prices.

For further particulars, Address

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVENJPARK,

LEESBURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

/

766

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

NOTES FROM THE WEST.

Billings. Mont., October 10, 1904.
Billings lies in the heart of the fa
nous Yellowstone Valley, a land of
sheep and cattle, and great fields of
grain and alfalfa to feed them, and of
potatoes and trait, and, in fact, almost
everything that will grow in a tem-
perate zone. Yellowstone farming by
irrigation is young, but Billings as-
pires to be the centre of a potato
world as famous as Greeley, of apple
raising as noted as northern New York,
•f muskmelon growing as well known
as Rocky Ford, and of beet sugar
making as prosperous as Sugar City
or Oxnard. It has the climate — the
long days of sunshine — it has the rich
soil, and keystone to the whole, it has
the waters of the Yellowstone river.

Billings has seen a wonderful trans-
formation in the Yellowstone Valley.
First, it was simply a cattle pasture,
where it took thirty acres to support a
steer. Then gradually came the big
fields of alfalfa, after the first irriga-
tion canal was built, now we find di-
versified farming, and the division of
the larger tracts into smaller farms
with diversified crops. I enjoyed a
dinner with the family of my old
friend. I. D. O'Donnell. well known
throughout Montana as "Old Alfalfa,"
and with the exception of the coffee
and the sugar and the salt everything I
upon the table was raised upon his |
own farm, and it was a bountiful re-
past. Of course, this is not such
strange thing to find among Eastern
farmers, but it is a bit unusual in a
new country, where the first develop-
ment of agriculture has been the cat-
tle ranch, and where the condensed
milk can and the canning factories
have found all too ready a market, for
the agricultural good of the country.
And while I am speaking of Mr. O'Don-
nell's farm and garden, I will say that
there are too few ample and abundant
gardens, thoughtfully laid out and
planted and well tilled, even in the
E;,st. The really ideal farm garden,
furnishing not only a wholesome and
luxurious table all the growing season,
but dried and home-canned products
for all the winter, is the exception
rather than the rule, even in the good
farming sections in the East. We are
not thinking too much of our stomachs
and our animal desires when we make
the best garden possible. Many a
kitchen garden which is to, or at least
should, furnish most of the motive
power to carry on the work of the
farm, is the product of odd times, be-
tween the planting of the "money"
crops. Money crops for what? To
buy, in considerable measure, things
unnecessary or which could better be
raised on the farm. The farmer who
plans broad and deep to get every par-
ticle of his living possible from the
■oil by his labor has a wisdom from
which many of our people have de-
parted. How many things do we buy
regularly, because they are cheap,
which we could either do without very

KILLS PAIN
QUICKER THAN
' ANYTHING «
IN THE WORLD

SLOANS LINIMENT

FOR MAN OR BEAST

Penetrating Kiliscerms

ALL DEALERS

I Ibf Grove Stock Farm

I OFFER AT RIGHT PRICES THE FOLLOWING STOCK :
One yearling HOLSTE I N - FR I E S I A N BULL,
Seven BULL CALVES (same breed), 2 to 6 months old

(These calves are from heavy milkers),

Six BERKSHIRE SOWS (1 year old),
Ten BERKSHIRE SOWS (5 months old).
All of the above will be registered and transferred to the buyer.

N. & W and Southern Railways.

T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

Our spring pigs have all been sold and we are now booking orders for

for November and December delivery. The great display of
Large Yorkshires at the recent Live Stock Show at the World's
Fair, shows the growing popularity of this profitable bacon breed.

= Jersey Bulls and Heifers,

from our high testing herd.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge.
Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia.
Write for Free Catalogue.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., inc.) Richmond, Virginia.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

767

YAGER'S

cream chloroform;

LINIMENT

Is a never failing Pain Remover; it is
a standard and reliable home remedy,
always ready to kill pain from any
cause; it is to be found in every up-
to-date stable or barn, as it is recog-
nized as the best of liniments for
stable use. It is truly a LINIMENT
FOR MAN OR BEAST, and should be
a part of every farmer's outfit — in
fact, he cannot well afford to be with-
out it.

i-

Mr. HENRY MYERS, of Bridgeport,
Conn., says:

"I have used YAGER'S LINIMENT
for two years; it is the only thing that
gives me relief in my back."

Mrs. A. H. MCLAUGHLIN, of Peters-
burg, Va., writes:

"I can speak in highest praise of
YAGER'S LINIMENT. I suffered
greatly with a severe pain in my back.
Yager's Liniment cured it. For many
nights I could not sleep from a sprain-
ed wrist; Yager's Liniment cured it.
I had something like a wen on my
left shoulder that worried me con-
siderably; I bathed it several times
with Yager's Liniment and in less than
a week it was gone."

Mr. W. M. STUBBS, of Plymouth,
N. C, writes:

"I have recently used YAGER'S
LINIMENT for a mashed foot; it
acted like a charm, and I believe it to
be the best external remedy on the
market."

Mr. DAVID BRADLEY, of Wilscot,
Ga.. writes:

"I have suffered for a long while
with rheumatism, and YAGER'S LINI-
MENT gave me so much relief that I
never want to be without it."

Mr. ISHAM TRICE, of Chapel Hill,
N. C, says:

"I must write a few lines of grati-
tude for Yager's Liniment. Recently
I wrenched my shoulder severely and
went to the drug store for something
to relieve it, and a large bottle of
YAGER'S LINIMENT was offered me
for 25c. I was tempted to refuse it;
could not believe it was any good, but
since using it I must say it gave me
quicker relief than I could believe was
in it."

YAGER'S LINIMENT is put up in a
large bottle, as is shown by the cut of
the package, but it is as good as it is
big, and at 25c. per bottle is within
reach of everybody — and everybody
uses it in preference to any other Lini-
ment because there is none other so
good. YAGER'S LINIMENT is sure;
it NEVER FAILS to relieve pain —
try it

■-4983^ ^ . I 1

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EXACT SIZE OF BOTTLE.

Wf€KHi:ulm POWERS.

iff WE TREATMENT OF DISEASES REQUIRING
AN EFFICACIOUS EXTERNAL J?£ffEOY.^=^

'Prepared Only By.'

.GT1BERT BROS.

■^SO LJ5' PRO PR I £ TO R S =

BALTIMORE. AV;D,

I « U.S.A.

768

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

well or which we could make better at
heme. We may buy tomatoes and
canned corn and canned lima beans
and jellies and preserves and thus
support several classes of merchants
and jobbers by the profits made, but
what do we get to eat? The poorest,
unripe vegetables, colored and sweet-
ened with hurtful chemicals, and
fruits, so-called, made from glucose
and colored and sweetened with coal
tar. The American people somehow
soem to have gotten rooted in the be-
lief that to live they must trade their
labor for money, and then go with
that money in their hands and trade
it asain for something to eat and to
wear, instead of producing these
things themselves.

The fake creamery promoter is re-
ported abroad. It is well to cast the
eve of suspicion upon his kind, for he
is always a smooth one. His business
is to organize a co-operative creamery
company among farmers surrounding
a town and sell the organization a
$2,000 outfit for about $4,000. A busi-
ness like individual apears in the town
where it is proposed to victimize the
farmers, takes rooms at the best hotel,
and begins to talk "creamery." He is
always supplied with the most con-
vincing statistics of what he has ac-
eomplished in this line elsewhere.
either counterfeit or gathered from
localities peculiarly adapted to the
business. In two weeks a meeting is
called by influential farmers, and the
plot from this point moves rapidly to
cnrt'nloHon. The promoter receives
hismoney and moves quickly on to new
Belch and the farmers hold the sack.

rn,;ie T stopped at Billings. George

H Maxwell the executive chairman of

rieatiun Association,

addressed a meeting of the people, at

n 'olde.d a r>lan for putting

onto land, which, if it can be

i n..i will bPTime one of the

i ir cneiolnsical movements

He suggested that if the

. r Rillinga would take it up

nnwiio tie would undertake to

oris s^iffieierit to estab-

the outskirts of the town an

olony, where 160 acres

he secured, with a good lrriga-

mii divided up into one

and provided with compe-

rm instructors, so that men in

ern cpntres who have saved a

monev nnr] wanterl to get a little

l.nnie could eome out and stay

ierps for a year or

how to farm and to

■ would feel confl-

iol log about and Inlying a

Ave or " ' ' making their

home noon It. He stated that there

and hundreds of thou-

of such men in the Eastern

:,ni' cities who are anxious to

funis where »hey can

■ In ir homes, but that their Iraln-

been nil their lives awav from

earth, and they are afraid to

';-ii

STEVENS

The name — on a rifle or shotgun— that guarantees perfection in accuracy,
reliability and safety. It would require many columns of this publication to
tell all about "Stevens" famous guns. We want you to know about them,
and we make it worm your while to learn about them.
_,,_ ___ _ j* ___■* If you will send us your name and address, enclosing

OUR FREE OFFER * ■ ° 2--=nt stan,ps to cover p°sta<^ we •■■■■■" "°d

UUIl * IlSfc Virtn you our great book 0f outdoor sports, containing
140 pages of interesting and useful information on hunting, camping and wood
craft, the proper care of a firearm, notes on sights and ammunition, as well as
full descriptions of the famous "Stevens'* Guns— the book every lover of out-
door life snould have. Our clever Rifle Puzzle sent free, postpaid.

J. STEVENS ARMS AND TOOL CO., 380 Pine Street, Chicopee Falls. Mass., U.S.A.

Large English Berkshires.

BOARS ready for service.
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts.

Forest Home Farm,

Purcellville, Va

THE - OAKS - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. HARMAN, Jr., Treasurer State of
Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va.

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS ot

l*£ ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

for leBB money than any firm In the South, qual-
ity considered. Every pig shipped possesses
individual merit Pedigree furnished with all
stock. Kill or sell your ktuds and buy hogs
that will pay. For prices and description, address
ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr.,Leilottoa, Vi.

25 Tons of CKoice TimotHy Hay For Sale.

6LENBURN
FARM

BERKSHIRES

This herd Is composed of four royally bred,
imported bows, and an imported boar from
the celebrated herds of Mr. Flicker and Mr.
Hudson, England, and selected American
bred animals from Blltmore and other noted
taerdB. Dr. J. D. KIRK. Importer and
Breeder, Roanoke, Va.

1904.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE.

(69

take the plunge. This plan would open
the door of opportunity to them. The
working out of this plan, Mr. Maxwell
said, would furnish a supply of ideal
colonists for any new country, and it
would at the same time tend to relieve
the congested centres in the East. If
the outcome of a single such rural in-
struction colony should prove success-
ful, he heleived that every Western
centre with new and undeveloped trib-
utary country would adopt the plan,
for it would, bring them in tenfold re-
turns, both indirectly and directly.
That it was not a chimera of his brain,
he stated that one of the Southern
transcontinental railroads had already
started the system in Arizona, in the
irrigated Salt River Valley, and was
now dividing up a 160 acre tract into
acre farm gardens and had engaged
one of the best farmers in Arizona as
an instructor.

The editor of the American Agricul-
turist, who has been travelling around
the country to note economic condi-
tions, says that the American farmers
wiil receive more money for their pro-
ducts in 1904 than in any previous
year, and that "the relative decrease
in price of many manufactures the
farmer has to buy, and the high range
of values of what he has to sell, will
make 1904 the most profitable one in
the history of American agriculture.
The editor is of the opinion that the
agricultural vote will elect the next
President.

The prediction of Senators and Rep-
resentatives, who may be presumed to
know their own people, that the States
of the middle and prairie West are
going to give heavy pluralities for the
Republican ticket, are bottomed on the
conspicuous fact of the unparalleled
and continuing prosperity of the agri
cultural classes.

The muck pit should be drawn upon
sparingly unless cheap lime is at hand.
Muck often contains iron pyrites
which, when exposed to air, oxidizes to
iron sulphate or copperas. The sour
ness of muck or peat is often due to
this. Free sulphuric acid may form in
such cases, especially in the presence
of decaying organic matters. The in-
jurious action of muck on plants is
often due to these cause rather than
to any peculiarity of their nitrogen.
Thorough composting with lime is a
remedy for these conditions.

Gtrr E. Mitchell.

"Remember this," said the primary
school teacher, "a plural subject takes
a plural verb — a girl is, a boy is: girls
are, boys are. Now, do you under-
stand?" Every hand was raised in as-
sent. "Well, then, who will give a
sentence with girls in the plural?"
This time only one little girl: "I can
give a sentence. 'Girls, are my hat on
straight?' "

7k ddt,AfoMJi>a#ifaftei7fat

is the general opinion formed
by those who use the celebrated

LEHMAN
Carriage and Sleigh

HEATERS.

They are the original, having
been on the market for 20 years,
and are known as the Standard.

42^250,000 of our Heaters are in
use. They are universally known
to be the STANDARD, and are
used by horsemen, physicians,
farmers, etc., everywhere.

They burn Lehman Coal, which
gives no smoke nor smell, and
from which there is no danger
whatever. It costs only 2 cents
per day to heat them. Be sure
you get the LEHMAN if you want
the BEST. Beware of imitations.
Our heaters and coal are sold by
leading dealers everywhere.

Send for our illustrated book-
let, ind mention this paper.
LEHMAN BROS, Mfrs.,

10 Bond St., New York.
J. W. ERRINGER,

General Western Sales Agent,
45 E. Congress St., Chicago, 111.

BERKSMIRES! <* ^ BERKSHIRES!

The following up-to-date Btockmen thlnkmy ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the
world can enow. I could print thousand! of the same opinion, but I take only one from
each State: p H Rudd Marlners Harbor, N. Y.; CoL

F. C. Goldborough, Easton, Md. ; J. M. Ven-

able, Farmville, Va. ; Edgar Long, Graham,

. ... , N. C; John C. McAfee, Chester, S. O.J

,'jBffi iSB^^SBBBBW' Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandridge, Tenn.; President

£'- ' Bowdrte Phlnizy, Augusta, Ga.; R. C. Mc-

Klnney, Basslnger, Fla. ; General Thos. T.

Munford, Unlontown, Ala.; W. W. Cornelius,

Blue Springs, Miss.; J. M. Gann, Varnada,

La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Texas; D. C.

Lester, Hatfield, Ark.

Take no risk; confer with theae people,

.^oo.^ ana order direct from the veteran breeder.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Virginia.

Five

loads bright Timothy Hoy for sale, cheap-

BLUE=BLOODED BERKSHIRES.

The grand brood sows GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE, No. 66136, and CARAMEL, No.
640S5 have farrowed; these pigs were sired by the great boar, COLUMBIA, No. 60627.
CARAMEL 2D No. 75516, has farrowed a litter by a son of the celebrated boar, MANOR
FAVORITE. The above were all large litters of very fine pigs.

The head of this herd is COLUMBIA, No. 60527, an imported son of the celebrated
FIRST CATCH E.. and he Is practically a full brother to the sire of the celebrated
Manor Favorite. Columbia, we think, Is one of the best boars In the United States.

Georgia's Highclere Is a grand sow, and would be very hard to beat If in show ring
condition- she Is of the best Highclere breeding; Caramel is an imported granddaughter
of the celebrated Loyal Berks. She is an extra fine brood sow; Caramel 2d was Import-
ed in her dam. She has 37% per cent, of the blood of Loyal Berks.

Here Is the place to get the blood of the most fashionably bred Berkshire families—
viz the Highcleres, First Catch F., Loyal Berks and Manor Favorite. For further in-
formation and prices address A. H. HODGSON, Athens, Ga., or F. M. HODGSON.
West End, Va. „

We positively guarantee to breed
anH ship the VERY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered. Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING,

Proprietor »t the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreiton, N. C.

770

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

ANTE NATAL INFLUENCES.
MART WASHINGTON.

A woman's responsibility as a mo-
ihor antedates even the moment when
her newborn infant draws its first
breath, or gives its first cry that
Bounds so thrilling to a mother's heart.
It dates bark to the first embryonic de-
velopment of the child that is to be.
It is a solemn — nay. a fearful thought
how larsely a child's whole future
character and career will be influencpd
bv the mental and physical condition
of the mother during the period of
gestation by her predominant state of
feeling, by the thoughts she thinks and
dwells upon most, by the books she
reads, the pursuits she follows, the
persons she associates with most Inti-
mately— in short, by all the elements
that enter into her mental and physi-
cal environment. The mother's state,
both of mind and body, leave their im-
press on the child in the womb, and
therefore even before the little creature
has come forth into actual existence
the expectant mother has a wide scope
for maternal care and tenderness, in-
asmuch as she can strongly influence
the moulding of the embryonic brain
and the whole being of the child, both
mental and physical. What holier and
more important task could a woman
set for herself than to strive wtih es-
pecial diligence during these nine mo-
mentous months to keep her heart in
"tune with heaven." to accentuate all
good and pure affections, and to strive
after a bright, cheerful, serene frame
of mind, the true Christian optimism.
If such a fmme of mind could be pre-
dominant with her. she would lie as-
sisting largely in laying up real treas-
ure? for the child to come. A woman
ought, if practicable, to carry on some
improving, refining and interesting
pursuit at this time, good reading or
music, drawing, or painting, if she has
any turn for such things, and, if not.
even to be in their atmosphere will
be some advantage. The reason the
old Oreeks were such a beautiful race
was because beautiful objects of art as
well as handsome and symmetrical hu-
man bcintrs met the eye at every turn,
and the impressions from these were
ed on the unborn infants, and
besides the latter inherited their beau-
ty from many generations of comely
ancestors.

A woman should also strive to pro-
vide for the physical well-being of her
unborn infant by observing carefully
the laws of health in her own case.
She should be careful abmit her diet,
eating only the most wholesome and
nourishing food she can obtain. She
should have a plenty of fresh air and
exercise, and she should take, at least,
moderate exercise. Inertia during
pregnancy (unless necessitated by phy-
sical disabilities), is very bad for both
the woman and child. It is mistaken
kindness for the woman's friends to
wait on her too much and encourage
her to be indolent. It Is better for
her to exert herself moderately to the
Terr last stages. She should walk

LWWt'WT'

FREE! FREE!

"HOGOLOGY"

Latest Revised Edition.

, 1 INSURE HOGS
CASH FORALLTHAT DIE

Vf RITE FOR PLAN

• fttFERENCfANY BANK

OR MERCANTILE AGENCY.

$1,000 Reward

There Is nothing so cheap as something valu-
able, that Is yours (or the asking, and that will

make and save you hundreds of dollars in time. trade* mark

YOU WILL MAKE NO MISTAKE in getting a copy of "Hogology" at once and fol-
lowing the advice given therein. It will be eent FREE if you mention Southern
Planter when asking for It.

if this is not the best hog book out. It was the first book
of the kind ever Issued for gratuitous distribution, the
first edition having Issued more than 20 years ago, and it
is the only book of the kind devoted exclusively to the hog, and written by a veteri-
nary and swine specialist. The last edition is just from the printer, and is down to
date, practical and profitable hog-raising as found in an experience of more than 30*
years.

I PAY FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE

when my Remedy is fed as a preventive. Full particulars regarding this insurance
proposition in "Hogology." It is the oldest hog remedy on the market, as well as the
most successful, and is used by thousands of the leading breeders and feeders through-
out the hog-raising world.

Twenty-five pound can, $12.50; 12V& lb. can, 56.50, prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25
and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS, V. S.. Indianapolis, Ind.

l****^«**««***«^*l^*l^*»-»-»-**»-*SASL«y

■ ""Vr^^^A

POLAND

CHINAS.

QRAY'S Bid CHIEF, 57077.

I have a limited number of Pigs by
hit tine Boars, Gray's Big Chief, 57077,
and Victor G, 57075, and can furnish pairs not skin or related to those previously
purchased. Young Boars and Sows cf a'1 ages. Send to headquarters and get the
best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in this State at one-half
Western prices. Addre>s J. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va.

50

POLAND-CHINA
AND TAMWORTH

pigs, 3 and 4 months old, eligible to registration $6.50 will
buy the best of them. The first orders will get the pick of the lot.
A few nice boars ready for service, also for sale.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

PQLAN P CHINAS

I hate now for sale a choice lot of pigs, boars
ready for service, ane bred sows. Every hog or
pig in this offering is either registered or eligible
to registry and most of them are closely related to
•u-h hogs or Ideal iuoshlnc. Great Chief Tecum-
sen, Royal Racket and Anderson's Model. All
Btoek guaranteed as represented or mav be re-
turned at my pmense. Also a few Short Horn
Calves. Farmers prices.

J. F. UbkRETTfc, Blrdwood. Mh marie r0 , Va

Belgian Hares, Homer Pigeons,

AND

Poland China & Berkshire Hogs.

REGISTERED STOCK AND FROM THE BEST STRAINS.

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED OR MONEY REFUNDED.
C. M. REAVES, Mullins, S. C.

Wken corrorpondlnc wltk our advt>rtls«ra always mention the
Southern PHwff.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

771

daily in the fresh air and sunshine,
and she should carry on her ordinary
pursuits, at least partially, unless they
involve heavy lifting or long standing
up. Her condition (unless there are
some unusual complications) need not
interfere with the usual run of little
feminine pursuits, such as hand sew-
ir.g, embroidery and many other quiet,
sedentary pusuits: only she ought not
to be too quiet and sedentary, as it is
very important for her to stir about
aa much as she can. without injury to
herself or child. A proper develop-
ment of the muscular system is of in-
calculable service to a woman on the
ere of maternity, greatly lessening the
pain and dnn^pr she is called on to un-
dergo. I do not believe it was intend-
ed by a beneficent Creator that a wo-
man should suffer so severely whilst
performing so important a service.
Her sufferings at that time are largely
due to enervation from an artificial
mode of life, and consequent non-de-
velopment or imperfect development of
her muscular system. Women who
lead a simple, natural life, doing
enough manual labor to develop their
muscles, do not undergo long, protract-
ed or very painful labor. It is a well
known fact that women who do all
their own house work, besides garden-
ing and attending to the cows, pass
through the ordeal of child birth far
more easily and quickly than wealthy
and luxurious women, who lead a life
of ease and have all their work done
by a corps of servants. In the crucial
hour of woman's physical existence
the one of frugal, simple habits and
well developed muscles enjoys a com-
parative immunity from great suffer-
ing, which affords her a recompense
for what some persons might consider
the hardships of her lot.

<lA Br

Herefot

Hfstoy

dCat

tie

TWO SPLENDID

HEREFORD BULLS

FOR SALE AT BARGAIN PRIliSS.

One is a yearling by Imp.
Protector (cost $6,000)
who weighs 2,800 lbs., and
is outof oneof ourchoicest
cows. The other is a ten
months old calf by Cham-
pion Perfection, son of
Champion Dale. Don't'
let these two great bar-
gains slip by you. Write for further information
about them.

"A Brief History of Hereford Cattle"
will be mailed free to all applicants. Be sure to
get a copy.

ROSEMONT FARM,

rwobm

Berryville, = Clarke

County - Va.

I

ERRATA.

Please corect the following errors in
my article on Annapolis, in your Oc-
tober number: "An old vessel, the
Jante, is kept there as a prison ship."
It should be "the Santee." "It is only
by a long and gradual process of in-
vention that the navy has reached,"
etc. It should be "evolution."

Mary Washington.

They had not met in some years,
and he told her that she had grown as
plump as a partridge; at which she
cried, "Oh. now you are making game
of me!" — October Lippincott's.

Passer bj — I thought you were blind.

Mendican! — Well, boss, times is so
hard and competition is so great that
even a blind man has to keep his eyes
open nowadays if he wants to do any
business at all. — Chicago Journal.

■fymiTI.

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle ■:■ Berkshire Hoes

REGISTERED— ALL AGES.

Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks.

MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland.

I. 111. ■■.■■>!..»■■■.■■ .■ —

■ ' " '"^" 1' »t 1 t 1 .. 1-

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by the Qrand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Young stock for sale. Inquiries
cheerfully answered.

EDW. Q. BUTLER, Annefield Farms,

Berryville, Virginia.

PRINCE RUPERT, 79&S9.

The Delaware Herd of

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE

Is not surpassed either In breeding or Individual ajtl-
mals, by any herd In the East. At the head of Mir

herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604,

the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females of

equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Ram*M-

ber, we take personal care of our cattle; keep bo hick

priced help; Incur no expense of exhibiting; all of which

enables us to offer stock at equitable price*. Bead far

pamphlet.

MYER 4. SON, Prop., - Bridgeville, D»l.

WINDMILLS i PUMPS II T

ANKS

— STBEL STOCK TANKS—
of every description.

Great Saving- in Freight.
Thin In our 51st year.

772

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

GOOD BYE! SMOKE HOUSE.
The smoke house always was a
source of worriment, vexation and ex-
pense, anyhow. When it catches fire
let it go up in
smoke. There's
a better way to
smoke meats.
That is by us-
ing Krauser's
Liquid Extract
of Smoke. It's
been gaining in all parts of the coun-
try for several years past, and there is
no longer any doubt that it is driving
the smoke house out of business.

Krauser's Liquid Extract of Smoke
is made from selected hickory wood.
It is applied to meat with a brush or
sponge. It contains the same in-
gredients that preserve meat that is
smoked in the old way. It gives meat
a delicious, sweet flavor and gives per-
fect protection against insects and
mould. It is cheaper and cleaner than
the old way. Information concerning
Its use, cost, etc., can be had by writ-
ing to the makers, E. Krauser & Bro.,
Milton, Pa.

The villagers were all gathered
round the little store, talking about
Sam Jones' lost colt. It was a two-
year-old, and had strayed out of the
pasture lot the day before. Sam wor-
ried about it; the neighbors had all
been out looking for it without suc-
cess, and no one seemed to know
where to look for it.

Jim stood there, looking on and lis-
tening. Jim was a tall, lank young
fellow, regarded as half-witted by
some persons and as foolish by others.

"I think I could find your horse," he
said to Sam Jones.

"You? Why, Jim, how do you think
you could find him when we have had
the best men in town out looking for
him?"

"Well," said Jim, "I could try,
couldn't I?"

"Yes," answered the owner, "you can
try, and if you find him I'll give you a
dollar."

"All right," said Jim, and walked
away on his search. To the surprise
of all, he returned in less than half
an hour leading the missing horse by
a rope tied around his neck.

"Well, well," said Jones, as he took
the horse and paid Jim the dollar.
"How in the world did you find him so
quick?"

Jim answered in his long-drawn-out
words: "Why, I thought: 'Now, if I
was a horse, where would I go?' And
so I went there, and he had."

There is a health resort in the west
of Scotland near which is a gunpow-
der factory. A visitor one day asked
a native if the place was really so
healthy as was generally represented.

"Healthy!" exclaimed the native;
"man, if it werena for the pooder fac-
tory, we wudna need to keep a ceme-
tery ava."

JNO. S. FUNK, Glen Farm.

Importer and Breeder of POLLED DURHAM CATTLE.

Reds and roans. Can fur-
nish bull calves or cows
and heifers In car lots.
SOUTHDOWN SHEEP,
POLANP CHINA HOGS.
R. F. D. 7, Harrisonburg,
Va.

Deep Creek, Va.,

October 8, 1904.

JOHN S. FUNK, Esq.:

Dear Sir,— I received

the calf on the 6th, safe

and sound. Every one

that has seen him says he

is the finest and largest

for his age that they ever

saw. I would like for you

to have him registered for

ii c when he Is old enough.

I am highly pleased

with pig and calf both.

Yours truly,

W. T. CULPEPPER.

SETS
SETS

EDGEW00D STOCK FARM gggf

We have sold all the Dorsets oflered. We wish to thank our friends and
patrons for their kind words. Our one object is to please, and we strive to,
make our flock better every year. Our Ewes this summer were selected by
one of us from the best English flocks, and they are bred to the best rams inl
England. We will book your orders now for fall Lambs from these and
other Ewes.

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va.

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS. $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.
AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

W. H. PALflER, President. W. H. JlcCARTHY, Secretary.

CHARTERED 1870.

Merchants National Bank,

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Capital, $200,000.00.

Surplus, $500,000.00.

Undivided Profits, .... $171,000.00.

Depository* of the United States, State of Virginia. City of Richmond.

Being the largest depository for banks between Baltimore and New Orleans,
we offer superior facilities for direct and quick collections. Accounts solicited.

Three Per Cent. Interest Allowed in Savings Department.

9 CORDS IN 10 HOURS BY OHEJHAH

RUNS EASY NO BACKACHE.

«•*■»,

m Springs can

_^ be adjusted

a«j« to suit & boy

-"-^12 years old

or the *"

"strongest. '•"

m&n. -JSJ.

and do It eu.ler. Kra Made. :.'..'.. •■'

GUARANTEE.— II lnypartt»rt;ik'i within three years, we will send a new pnrt wit hout elmrrc. Send for Frea

Cutulofr showing lutc.t Imprnveme,.*.. r-iviti' tcslini..ni;il<; fr..ni tliun'.amls. Klr.t order sceiiri-M fluency. ,

FOLDING SAWING MACHINE CO., 16 and 18 S. Clinton St., Chicago, Illinois.

1904. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 773

BILTMORE FARMS

BILTMORE, N. C.

We Have Become Headquarters for Everything We Breed.

BILTMORE JERSEYS. — The American home of the Great Golden Lads — a family that has produced
great milkers, with the hest udders and show-yard records that the world has ever seen. Our build
are out of dams owned and tested in the Biltmore Herds, and buyers can get as near to a certainty
as is possible. Large, 52 week milk and butter records a specialty. Over four hundred in five dif-
ferent herds to select from.

BILTMORE BERKSHIRES. — No herd in the world has made as good a record. All the great Champions
of England and America have either been in service or bred here. Our yearly offerings at unreserved
auction are eagerly taken at nearly double the price of all previous records. The most successful
herds all over the States are using a Biltmore foundation.

BILTMORE POULTRY.— Only the UTILITY breeds. Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White and
Golden Wyandottes, Brown and White Leghorns, Bronze Turkeys, Pekin Ducks. Over 50 yards
of prize winners. Extra size, fine type, from fixed strains, and more prizes won at the leading shows
than all competitors together.

Also a small kennel of extra choice, Rough coated imported Scotch Collies.

• . ■ — ■ —

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm

offers 600 head Cockerels and Pullets,
All First Class and Pure Bred. '.-'. '.-'.

8. C. BROWN LEGHORN, BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

S. C. WHITE LEGHORN, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

WHITE WYANDOTTES, BLACK MINORCA,

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTES, PEKIN DUCKS.

WILL SELL DURING MONTH OF NOVEMBER AT $1.00.

Also 75 Bronze Turkeys at $3.00, for Gobblers ; and $2.00 for hens. Don't delay, write
to-day. Reference furnished.

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / / .' Staunton, Va.

•74

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

Canyon Hotel,
Yellowstone Park, October, 1904.
Editor Southern Planter:

Thinking that your readers might be
interested in hearing some items about
the Nation's wonderland, Yellowstone
Park, I avail myself of a little interval
of leisure at the last stopping point
of the trip, to write you some account
of its marvels, which, however, almost
baffle description. My readers are
doubtless aware of the fact that Yel-
lowstone Park is the northwestern
corner of Wyoming, set apart as a Na-
tional pleasure grouud by Congress in
1872, because of its great beauties, its
sublime features and unique charac-
teristics. It embraces an area of 3,500
square miles, has an average altitude
of 8.000 feet above the sea level, and
is both su rounded and traversed by
ranges of the Rocky Mountains. No
railroad, trolley line or any such route
may enter or cross this Park, set aside
fci the benefit and enjoyment of the
American people, but the Government
has made a fine wagon road extending
from the main entrance and back to
it again, over a route of about 135
miles, connecting five important cen-
tres, at each of which there is a good
hotel, accommodating from 150 to 250
guests.

After a visit to St. Louis, where we
saw a stupendous exhibition of what
can be achieved by art and labor, we
turned our faces westward to view the
equally stupendous wonders of nature
as displayed in Yellowstone Park. We
bad three days and two nights of
rather tiresome travel, crossing Ne-
braska on our way. It is a barren
plain as seen from the train, very
much like the veldt of South Africa.
Still the landscape is pretty, as the
formation of the land is picturesque,
and the skies deep blue and very clear.
There is no sign of vegetation and
little water, only cattle everywhere,
and the miserable huts of the ranch-
men. Occasionally we saw cow boys
racing their broncos.

i.ivinpston. the starting point for
the Park, was the first place we came
to that looked like the habitation of
human beings. It is a pretty little
town at the foot of the mountains,
with a fine, new depot and Carnegie
library, and every dwelling in it has a
yard and flowers. We stopned here
and took lunch. We reached the en-
trance to the Park about night fall,
and drove in five miles to the first
hotel, the one at the Terraces. These
formations are due to the dripping of
water over sharp ledges of rock regu-
larly stratified, cropping out along the
hillside. Their color is due to four
minerals held in solution by hot wa-
ter— viz.. lime, sulphur, magnesia and
arsenic. The most noted of these ter-
races are called the Angel, the Pulpit,
Minerva and Jupiter. The last is the
largest, covering several acres, but the
first is the most beautiful, being deck-
ed in every color of the rainbow.

We left the hotel of the Terraces in

i highest award, cold Medal, on

.MUls, Engines :a:;.1 Threshing Ma-

3, World's Kair, St. Louis. Ajax

Portable and Traction Engine,: All

Threshing lim-hlDc: Au 1 'ids

—20 to 40 inches. Portable Saw Mills

with friction feed and loc turner.

Pennsylvania Urala

I>rills, l>:sc and Hoe j.at-

r ■ -. greatly improved

for 1905.

A. B. FarquharCo.,Ltd.
York, Pi.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA-
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Im-
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

Why are we the

LARGEST SHIPPERS OF STRAWBERRY PUNTS
IN THE WORLD?

WE SELL THE BEST PLANTS AT THE
LOWEST PRICE

You can also

SAVE HALF ON FRUIT TREES

of aU kinds by buying direct from ns without profit to agenta.

130 page manual telling all About

fruit growing free to buyers.

.ustrated catalogue free to all. Mention this paper.

COJfTINEMAL PLANT CO., Klttrell, N. C.

TREES

Fruit and Ornamental Trees,
Shrubs, Roses, Grape Vines.

A large assortment of the Finest Varieties.

Send for new edition of Catalogue if you contemplate planting.

We desire to engage a number of reliable, energetic agents to
represent us during 1905. Salary or commission. Write for
terms.

We have an extra large stock of Strawberry plants that we will
be pleased to quote on application.

NURSERIES LOCATED IN HENRICO AND HANOVER COUNTIES.

W. T. HOOD & CO.,

OLD DOMINION NURSERIES

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKJST PLANTER.

775

NOW IS YOUR CHANCE

TO BUY THE BEST GOODS AT LOWEST PRICES.

Best American Granulated Sugar, per pound 5Jc.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per pound 13c.

Lion or Cardova, per pound 121c.

Mountain Roll Butter, per pound 15c.

Good Lard, per pound 8c.

Ginger Snaps or Soda Crackers, per pound 5c.

Best Carolina Rice, per pound 6c.

Country Hams, per pound 17c.

Best S. C. Hams, per pound 15c.

Best Full Cream Cheese, per pound 12 Jc.

Best Prunes, per pound 5c.

Best Water-Ground Meal, peck, 18c; bushel 70c.

Pure Apple Vinegar, per gallon 25c.

Good Cider Vinegar, per gallon 20c.

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c.

Best Can Corn, per can 8c.

Large Cans Table Peaches, 2 cans for 25c.

Mother's Rolled Oats, per package 9c.

Quaker Oats, per package 10c.

Avena Oats, per package 9c.

American Oats, per package 8c.

Fine Teas, Green, Black and Mixed, per lb. . . .35c, 40c. 50c

Pure Lard, per pound 10c.

Good Salt Pork, per pound 7c.

Choice Salt Pork, per pound 8c.

Best Salt Pork, per pound lie.

Country Bacon, per pound 12c.

Bologna Sausage, per pound 7c.

California Evaporated Peaches, per pound 10c.

Hominy or Grits. 2 pounds for 5c.

Duke's Mixture Smoking Tobacco, 2 packages 9c

Green Back Smoking Tobacco, 2 packages 9c.

American Beauty Cigarettes, 20 to package 4c.

Piedmont Cigarettes, 10 to package 4c.

Carolina Bright Cigarettes, 10 to package 4c

Plum, Peach, Grape and Reynolds' S. C. Tobacco,

3 plugs for 25c.

New N. C. Cut Herrings, dozen, 10c; or, 3 dozen for. . . .25c.

New N. C. Cut Herrings, one-half bbl., $2; per bbl $3.50

New N. C. Roe Herrings, dozen, 18c; half bbl 2.50

New N. C. Roe Herrings, per bbl 4.00

New Gross Herrings, per bbl 2.50

New Fat Mackerel, Medium Size 5c

New Fat Mackerel, Large Size, 3 for 25c

New Fat Mackerel, 20 Medium Size in Kit $1.00

Genuine New Orleans Molasses, per gallon 60c

Best Porto Rico Molasses, per gallon 35c.

Good Porto Rico Molasses, per gallon 25c.

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 30c.

Heavy Bright Syrup, one-half gallon cans 18c.

Heavy Bright Syrup, one gallon cans 35c

Pride of Richmond Flour (Very Best), per bbl $6.25

Daisy Flour (Splendid), per bbl 5.75

Dunlop Patent Flour, per bbl 6.25

Obelisk Patent Flour, per bbl 6.25

Pillsbury Patent Flour, per bbl 7.00

j Gold Medal Patent Flour, per bbl 7.00

Excelsior Flour, per bbl 5.50

New Virginia Buckwheat, pound, 5c; 6 lbs. for 25c.

Best Elgin Butter, per pound 25c.

Good Green Coffee, Rio, per lb 10c, 12c, 15c.

Good Laguayra Coffee, per lb 12 Jc and 15c

Good Java Coffee, per lb 20c.

Best Feed Oats, per bushel 43c

Good Corn, per bushel 68c.

Ship Stuff, per 100 pounds $1.25

Best Bran, per 100 pounds 1.15

Best Timothy Hay, per 100 pounds 85c.

Good Luck Baking Powder, Small Cans 4c

Good Luck Baking Powder, Large Cans 8c.

Lenox Soap, 7 Bars for 25c

Polo Soap, 11 Bars for 25c

Moon Soap, 11 Bars for 25c.

Octagon Soap, per Bar 4c.

Circus Soap, 7 Bars for 25c.

Best Navy Beans, per quart 8c

Good N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon $2.00

Best 5 year old Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.50

Old Crown Rye Whiskey, per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye Whiskey, per gallon 2.50

Old Excelsior Rye Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

Old Capitol Rye Whiskey, per gallon 1.50

Virginia Apple Brandy, per gallon 2.50

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c

Good Gin, per gallon $2.00

Best Gin, per gallon 2.50

Mountain Whiskey, 4 years old, per gallon '3.00

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 90c

Paul Jones Whiskey, per bottle 90c.

Fulcher Whiskey, per bottle $1.00

Buchu Gin, good for kidneys, per quart 90c

Prompt attention to out of town orders. We guarantee to save you
money and give satisfaction. Ten cents extra per gal. for jugs. All orders packed
carefully and shipped promptly. Remittances must accompany all orders.^ Give
us a trial. These prices are subject to market changes.

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, inc.

-» STORES -i

1724 East Main Street, Phone 507,
501 North 25th Street, Phone 1865,

RICHMOND, VA.

776

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

a carriage with an East Indian prince,
his courier and his slave. The prince
was a large, dark man, wearing a tur-
ban, loose trousers and slippers. He
Bpoke only a few worus of English,
but his courier had fluent command of
the language. The slave was the most
absurd figure I ever saw, dressed all
in patches, and he wore his master's
monogram in silver on a huge white
turban. We drove forty miles the first
day, through Silver Pass, Golden Gate,
past the Hoodoos and Beaver Lake to
Norres Basin. Here we stopped for
luncheon and then drove on past
Emerald Pool and Obsidian Cliff. Our
next stopping place was Fountain
Hotel. This is the region of bubbling
springs, and also one of its remarkable
features is the Mammoth Paint Pot, a
cauldron fifty feet in diameter, in the
basin of which there is a fluid sub-
stance in a state of constant ebulition.
It is composed of oil, lime, clay and
water, and is so much like the calci-
mine of commerce that it can be used
for coloring walls. Our next drive
brought us to the upper Geyser basin,
the region which the Indians call
"Steamboat Springs." Here we found
cones which send forth eruptions of
hot water in tall, straight columns
from 50 feet in height to 250. The
most noted of these geysers is "Old
Faithful." which erupts once an hour.
"The Giant" and the "Gaintess" are
also remarkable. One of the great at-
tractions of this region is "Larry," a
jovial Irishman, proprietor of the ho-
tel here, a very fine one, recently
built, and entirely of natural wood.
Ten bears came into the back yard and
fed there. Indeed, I understand that
bears feed at all the hotels in Yellow-
stone Park. In driving through the
forests, we were struck with the abun-
dance and tameness of the animals.
They are not allowed to be shot, though
there is no interdiction on fishing.
The evening we spent at "Larry's"
hotel, we sat around an open fire, pop-
ping corn, enlivened by the merry
jests of our host, who possesses the
traditional fun and humor of the race
from which he springs.

Yesterday we drove around the lake,
and to-day we have explored the falls
and the Grand Canyon, which, I be-
lieve, form the climax of all the great
and wonderful sights we have seen
In the park. The falls are formed by
the plunge of a whole river over the
edge of a precipice 365 feet, and the
Grand Canyon is a great rent in the
earth, six miles long, half a mile wide,
and 1.500 feet deep.

To-morrow we return to the railway
and the outside world, leaving behind
us this land of enchantment of whose
v/onders and beauties I have only
leisure now to give you a brief outline.
Traveller.

The Everlasting Tubular ^ Steel Plow Doubletrees

(iunrrtnteert
break or bend. Ku'-
nlshed with rings oi
books for truce h tach-
ment. Sample or ers
sent to responsible
parties on trial

Send for our No. 8
Catalogue (or 1904.

Contains everything
interest to Dealer
ser of W'hlffletrees.

PATTERN No. 105 EQUIPPED WITH FORGED TRIMMINGS,
Alio manufaciurer of Farm Wagon Doubletrees, Neck Yokes and Singletrees.

Pittsburg Tubular Steel WHiffletree Company,

SOLE MANUFACTURERS
PITTSBURG, - - PENNSYLVANIA.

"Paints that Stay Painted."

PAINT is what you need. Do you know that

PAINT will preserve and improve your property?

PAINT will give your property a prosperous appearance.

PAINT will increase the value of your farm. We have

PAINT on hand for everything —

PAINT for roofs and barns. Lythite Cold Water

PAINT Carriage and wagon paint. Our " Standard" house

PAINT is ready-mixed, and for the money no

PAINT can surpass it. Write us for

PAINT prices and color cards.

JOHN W. ATKINSON & CO.,

Richmond, Va.

U. S. Government

Stamp of Approval

On the Work of the Undesirgned.

CONTRACT AWARDED FOR

12 Charter Gasoline Engines, 1 All to be installed in

7 10,000 Gallon Tanks and Towers, I thirty days on the old
12 Artesian Wells, | Manassas (Bull Run)

9 Miles of Pipe. battlefield.

J

If we can satisfy Uncle Sam we can satisfy you.

SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., Incorporated,

Box 949, RICtinOND, VA.

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE
'THE MASTER WORKMAN,'

two-cylinder gasoline engine s

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

777

The American Field Fence

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost

is even less than barb wire or wood
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and
prices.

55 INCH.,

m

1

[ 4i

7 "7

.— .L 39

IN.

T

J St

m.

»

...

1 tg

IN. fe

[iO

l™- .

*■

!._ !

_,

7 '

g;^

gSggj

^_L

"X

THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS,
CORN, PEAS and BEANS aa well aa grass seed of all kinds. With or with-
out fertilizer attachment

OHIO FEEDCUTTERS for hand or
power. A comparison with others will
convince you it is the strongest, sim-
plest and best made. The power ma-
chines are furnished with blower or
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low.

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS

V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The
most economical roof made. Does not
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur-
nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet
long.

WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN.
The quickest and cleanest butter maker
known. The frame is made of Hol-
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong,
and easily forms a useful table. Th«
churns are furnished of either wood
or heavy tin.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
time? in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufac tured and
can be cle an ed
without trouble to
any one. Write
us for particulars.

All sizes and capacities at low prices.

BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HAR-
NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTING AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS,
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES.

AH kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

778

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

SAFE and PRIVATE! ABSOLUTELY FREE!

* This Magnificient Doubly Reinforced Handsomely Finished,
Large and Roomy STEEL SAFETY BOX The Kind Bankers Use

Black Enameled, Trimmed In Maroon and Gold, Strong Lock, Intricate K«j.
An actual necessity to every man, woman, boy and girl.

Appeals with great force to Men for Deeds, Women for Jewels, Boys for
Letters, Girls lor Trnkets

CONTENTS AS SAFE AND PRIVATE AS A BURIED TREASURE, HIDDEN FROM THE
SECURb AS A »'NK VAULT. EYtS OF AIL BUT IhE RIOHTFUL OWNER.

This •plendtd gift, absolutely free, delivered at our txpense to anj Address In tbe United SUtei.

Send jour name and we will aend postpaid, twanty boxes of Brauer's Ivory White Baby-Cream, the finest and most pleasant artlcU
la eilstence for keeping the skin of Infanta and children In absolutely perfect condition. Sell them at only ten cents a box; when sold,
remit us the two dollars and we will at once send you this elegant steel safety box. We want your help In introducing this excellent
Baby-Cream Into every home, and we are giving thlB costly premium so that our liberal dealing will secure your hearty co-operatio».

The Baby-Cream Is a fine, quick seller. Put up in large, attractive boxes; perfectly medicated; delicately perfumed: thoroughly anti-
septic; rich snowy white. No explaining to do. Circular tells all about It. Cures rough skin, chapped face and hands, chafing, eruptions
and Irritations; cuts, burns, scalds and bruises; p Ickly heat, fever sores and other skin troubles, gives instant relief. Mothers use it ■■
themselves. The girls do. too. It keeps their skin like velvet.

Write to-day. The Baby-Cream sells on sight. Every mother wants 1L Every one wants the Steel 9afety Box. Tou want It, If
you need a safe, private place for your valuables and letters. BRAUER CHE.1ICAL CO., 427 Postal Building. N. Y.

A distinctive feature of the Review
of Reviews for November is the series
of sketches of men of the hour, includ-
ing, besides an elaborate character
study of the late Senator Hoar, by
Talcott Williams, briefer articles on
Mr. John Morley and Mr. James Bryce,
who are now visiting the United
States: on Comander Booth Tucker, of
the Salavtion Army, whose work in
America is just closing; on the late
F. A. Bartholdi, the designer of the
statue of "Liberty," in New York har-
bor; and on the late Lafcadio Hearn,
the interpreter of Japan to the West-
ern world. Mr. Herman Rosenthal
writes on "Prince Mirsky, Russia's new
Minister of the Interior." and Mr. W.
T. Stead contributes an interesting
character sketch of Lord Grey, the new
Governor-General of Canada. Mr.
Stead's article is followed by two other
Canadian papers of exceptional inter-
est— "The Trend of Political Affairs in
Canada." apropos of the approaching
elections, by Miss Agnes C. Laut, and
"Western Canada in 1904." by Theo-
dore M. Knappen. "Iowa's Campaign
for Better Corn," by Prof. P. G. Holden,
Is a suggestive account of the work
performed last spring by the so-called
"Corn Gospel" trains. Mr. Edward A.
Moseley, secretary of the Interstate
Commerce Commission, contributes an
authoritative article on American rail-
road accidents; their causes, and the
means of securing greater safety in
travel. Miss Florence E. Winslow re-
views the work of the Episcopal Tri-
ennial Convention, which has just com-
pleted its sessions at Boston. "What
the People Read in Hungary," is the
somewhat out-of-the-way subject of a
paper by John Skotthy. The closing
phases of the Presidential campaign,
the devlopments in the Russo-Japanese
war, and other topics of the hour are
discussed in the editorial department,
"The Progress of the World."

"Does youi husband take as much
Interest in horse racing as he used
to?"

"Yes." answered young Mrs. Tork-
lns, "Charley can always tell the day
before a race which horse ought to
win, and the day after why he didn't."

Spring Flexible
Disc Harrow

Only Harrow in the world
with Independent adjust-
able spring pressure upon
inner ends of disc gangs.
Any amount of pressure
thrown on these inner
ends by foot. Ball-bearing.
Works uneven ground. All
sizes, at proportionate
prices.

Seasonable Implements of the latest style, always up-to-
date. Possibly you are now or will soon need a Corn Sheller,
Feed Cutter, Disc Plow. You can get our Catalogue for the
asking.

OUR PRICES MUST BE RIGHT.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

41-51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

Do You SKip Apples?

If so, let us call your attention te the California and Oregon apple
boxes, the coming packages for nice apples, particularly for foreign
shipments. SOUTHSIDE M'F'G CO , Petersburg, Va.

Not long ago the genial superinten-
dent of a public school was asked by
one of hi3 youthful friends to listen to
the latter's rehearsal of a lesson, in
which there was a reference to Atlas.

"Do you know who Atlas was?" ask-
ed the superintendent.

"Yes, sir. He was a giant who sup-
ported the world."

"Ah! Supported the world, did he!"
went on the superintendent. "Well,

tell me who supported Atlas?"

The little fellow looked as though he
had not given the subject any particu-
lar attention, but showed immediate
willingness to think it over. The su-
perintendent stood looking on, trying
hard to keep back a smile; but the
youngster finally brightened up and
answered:

"Well, I think he must have mar-
ried a rich wife."

1904.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

779

The following list of papers ui periodical!
■re the most papular eaee la tala sectioa.
We caa SAVE YOU MONHT on whatever
Jearnal yen wish:

DAILIES.

Price With
Alone. Planter.

Times-Dispatch. Richmond, Va *5 N IS 00

The Poet, Washington, D. C « M « M

The Sun. Baltimore, M« S 08 S *»

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50

News-Leader, Richmond. Va 100 100

TRI-WEEKLY.

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 28

WEEKLIES.

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Montgomery Advertiser 100 100

Nashville American 60 75

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 1 75

Hoard's Dairyman 100 1SB

Country Gentleman 150 175

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va.... 2 00 2 25

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 100 125

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 25

Horseman I 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 75

Dairy and Creamery 50 76

Commercial Poultry 60 75

AU three 150 115

North American Review 5 00 6 00

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25

fit. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Harper'B Bazaar 100 140

Bcrtbner's Magazine S 00 3 26

Frank Leslie's Magazine 100 135

Cosmopolitan Magazine 1 00 lli

Everybody's Magazine 1 00 1 36

Munsey Magazine 100 115

fctrand Magazine IK 1(5

Madame 100 100

Argosy Magazine 100 135

Review of Reviews J 60 2 71

Poultry Success 1 00

Rural Mechanics 100 55

Blooded Stock 50 M

Successful Farming 1 00 60

Southern Fruit Grower 69 85

Where you desire to subscribe to two or
more of the publications named, you can ar-
rive at the net subscription price by deduct-
ing 50 cents from "our price with the
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to
any other publications not listed here, write
as and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or
net subscription rates.

Subscribers whose time does not expire
antll later can take advantage of our club
rates, and have their subscription advanced
one year from date of expiration of their
subscription to either the PLANTER or any
of the other publications mentioned.

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa-
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any
correspondence.

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other
periedieals.

Seed House of the South.

BUCKWHEAT.
OATS and
CANE SEED.

" Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of ever*
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which aro
RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.
*r <*■ -s- WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Cost., Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street
LYNCHBURG, VA

Wm. A. Miller & Son, «*

kfcnmond, t1 redericksbury & Potomac K. K.

- AND =

Washington Southern Railway

The Double-Track Link connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
Pennsylvania Railroad
Seaboard Air Line Railway
Southern Railway

Between ALL POINTS
Via RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

THE GATEWAY BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH
-^ FAST MAIL, PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROUTE -.-=-
OVER FIFTY MILES OF THE SECOND TRACK ALREADY IN SERVICE

JSO

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

DAN PATCH AT WORLD'S FAIR.

Our readers who intend to visit the
great World's Fair during November
will he pleased to know that the
World's Champion Harness Horse Dan
Patch, 1:56 will give two of his mar-
vellous speed exhibitions at the Del-
p.iar Race Track, which is directly op-
posite to the "Administration En-
trance" of the World's Fair Ground.

Dan's exhibitions will be on No-
vember 5th and November 10th. com-
mencing at 2 P. M. This is the only
chance you will ever have in your life
to see the greatest fair in the. world
and the greatest horse in the world in
one day.

It is nothing unusual for Dan Patch
to draw 50.000 people to one of his
wonderful performances, and many of
them travel for hundreds of miles.
The American people are great ad-
mirers of genuine greatness, and Dan
Patch appeals to them, not only on ac-
count of his lovable disposition. He
has a special liking for ladies and chil-
dren, and the horse never lived who
had so many ardent admirers as the
World famous Dan.

Mr. M. W. Savage, of Minneapolis,
Minn., the owner of Dan, writes us
that these two dates are the only dates
on which Dan Patch will appear at St.
Louis.

MERIT COUNTS EVERY TIME.

Farquhar Machinery Receives Highest

Award. Gold Medal, at the

St. Louis Exposition.

The A. B. Farquhar Company, Ltd.,
of York, Pa., whose exhibit compris-
ing engines, boilers, threshers, saw
mills and agricultural machinery, is
one of the features In the Palace of
Agriculture at the St. Louis Exposi-
tion, has just received highest award
and gold medal on saw mills, engine
and threshing machines.

The receiving of this high honor is
not to be wondered at, for the exhibit
is truly a revelation in mechanical im-
provement. It also shows that merit
is appreciated, and that it is bound
to win out.

The Farquhar Company has always
kept well in the lead in new inven-
tions. They have time and again re-
ceived awards for improvements, and
the name Farquhar on any farm im-
plement is to-day a guarantee that the
machine in question will give the
greatest economy and profits in opera-
tion.

To those who have not seen this ex-
hibit or will not get to the fair, the
next best thing is to send for a cata-
logue describing and illustrating their
marhinery just as it is. The company
will send a copy of their catalogue free
to any address. It is worth having.

"To what account shall we charge
these new battleships?" asked the Rus
sian Treasury official.

"The sinking fund," answered his
superior, wearily.

ROOFING

OF ALL KINDS.

Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

tnchn J

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting

it with "iir^^^^m.

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2i squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
- Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street,

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

2<K>*<H»<H>0O{H>aO<HKHKHKH^^

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO: NAME.

Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and

Chestnuts, Shade Trees,

Walnuts, Evergreens,

Small Fruits, Roses, Etc.

Cherry,
Quinces,
Almonds,

Apples,
Pears,
Peach,
Plum,
Apricots,
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, lor Hedging.

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, MP.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

781

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

ROSS....

Fodder Cutters, Fodder
Shredders, Cutters for all
purposes, corn Shellers,
Grinding Mills, Horse
Powers and Wood Saw.

Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters
and Cutters.

Special prices given on Studebaker and
Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts.

8UPERIOR GRAIN DRILLS.
Plain and Fertilizer Hoe and Disc Drills— all sizes

"SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS

ELI BALING PRESSES. 58 styles and sizes. For Horse or steam
power. Write for prices and Catalogue!.

The SCIENTIFIC Grinding mils.

Are uneqnaled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or off, Corn, Oats
Wheat and all other grains, single or mixed.

POWER MILLS in five sizes. 2 to 30 horse-power.
Scientific Sweep mils in five sizes.

Geared — plain and combined, with horse-power.

Milwaukee Corn Husker and Fodder Shredder,

His steel gears sad steel clutches sad rolls easily. Adjusted to all conditions of corn.

With Blower or Carrier. Manufactured in 6 sizes: Large machines
for threshermen and small machines for farmers' own use.

Read list of only a few of the many using the MILWAUKEE Husker

VIRGINIA :
R. L. Bbuce. Medlock.
J u Segar. Lewiston.
J. A. Graham, Hanover.
L. E. Williams, Enfield.
Julian Ruffin, Old Church.
Edmund Kuffin, Old Cnurch.
A. T. Bboaddus, Old Church.
H. S. Maunders, Shirley.
Mrs. Alice Branskord, Shirley.
C. C. Branch, Toano.

M. L. Norvell, Island.
S. D. Ivey, Peiersburg.
J. A. Maddox, Triangle.
W. H. Walton. Rice Depot.
T. S. Wilson, News Ferry.
Geo. R. Land, Boydton.

NORTH CAROLINA:
C. C. Moore. Charlotte.
R. F. Broaddis, New Berne.
Col. B. Cameron, Stagville.

HENING & NUGKOLS,

The above parties will cheerfully give you testimonials as to the merits
of the riilwaukee. We are ready at all times to go in the Held with any
other husker made, and will guarantee the riilwaukee to be the best
made; and will also gaurantee it to do more work than any other made,
and shell less corn, and cost less for repairs and last longer. Write the
parties that are using them ; also write for special circulars and testi-
monials we have, which will be sent with pleasure.

Successors to

CHAS. E. HUNTER,

I W E. Mi SI.,

782

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[Novanher,

THE CANADIAN WHEAT CROP.

A great deal of attention has been
paid in the United States this year to
the Western Canadian wheat crop. It
is generally realized that that great
wheat country is now arriving at such
a Tolume of production that hereafter
the markets of the world will have to
pay close attention to its annual con-
tribution to the world's supply of
wheat.

Owing to the scare created by the
discovery of rust in a part of Mani-
toba in August an erroneous impres-
sion has got abroad as to the size of
this year's crop in Western Canada.
At the time of the scare a well known
wheat estimater put the whole West-
ern Canadian crop as low as 42.000,000
bushels, and one guess even had it as
low as 35,000,000 bushels.

Now threshing is so far advanced
that it can be asserted without doubt
that the Western Canada wheat crop
will be about 60,000.000 bushels, or an
average of 17 bushels to the acre — as
good an average yield and a larger
total by 7,000,000 bushels than last
year.

That it may not be inferred that this
is a biased estimate, we will say that
our estimate at the time of the scare
was for less than 15 bushels to the
acre.

The indications now are that West-
ern Canada will have 4,500.000 acres in
wheat next year, and with favorable
conditions will for the first time pro-
duce a crop of about 100,000.000 bush-
els.

Western Canada Information Bdbba.1T,
Theo. M. Knappf.n, Secretary.

After the jury in a Texas case had
listened to the charge of the court and
gone to its room to deliberate upon the
verdict, one of the twelve men went
right to the point by saying, "That
thar' Pike Mulrow orter be convicted
on gen'ral principles. He's bad as
they make 'em."

As the hum of approval went around
a weazened little juror said: "I heerd
that Pike guv it out that he'd go gun-
nin' fur us if we sent him up, jes'
soon's he got out, an' fur the Jedge,
too."

"We must perfect the Jedge," they
agreed, and the evrdict was "not
guilty."

An Irishman was charged with a
petty offence

"Have you any one in court who
will vouch for your good character?"
queried the judge.

"Yes. sorr; there is the chief, con-
staliln. yonder." answered Pat.

The chief constable was amazed.
"Why. yo'ir Honor. I don't even know
the man," protested he.

"Now. sorr," broke in Pat, I have
lived in the borough for nearly twenty
years, and if the chief constable
doesn't know me yet, isn't that a char-
acter for ye?"

The best
at one- half price

It takes five of the ordinary " quarts " to make a sallon, but a HAYNEK QUART is a
full quart, an honest quart of 32 ounces, four to the gallon. Now, you pay your dealer at
least $1.25 a bottle for whiskey that cannot possibly be any better than HAYNER, if as
good, or $6.25 a gallon. If you buy HAYNER WHISKEY you save at least 13.05 on every
gallon. We sell two gallons for about the same as you pay for one gallon of probably poorer
whiskey. Just think that over and remember that HAYNER WHISKEY goes direct from
our distillery to you, carries a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUAR-
ANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saves you the dealers' enormous profits. That's why
it's so good and so cheap. That's why we have over a quarter of a million satisfied cus-
tomers. That's why YOU should try it Your money back if you're not satisfied.

Direct from our distillery to YOU

Savis Dialers' Profits ! Prsvtnts Adulteration I

HAYNER WHISKEY

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE

4 FULL $3;20 EXPRESS
QUARTS O PREPAID

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN-
YEAR-OLD RYE for 13.20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and
if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from
anybody else at any price, then send it back at our expense and your 13.20
will be returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could
It be fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied, you are not out a cent. Better
let us send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a
friend to join you. We ship in a plain sealed case, no marks to show what's
inside.

Orders for Ariz.. Cal., Col.. Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex.,Ore., Utah, Wash,
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for 84.00 by Express
Prepaid or 20 Quarts for S16.00 by Freight Prepaid.

Write our nearest office and do it NOW.

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY

ATLANTA' GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN.

150 DlSTILLZBY, TROT, O. ESTABLISHED 1866.

j» THE >

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER,

PROFITABLE

INVESTMENTS

TO— « »>»

YOUR LABOR

THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
THE TRUCKER.
IS NOT IN VAIN.

WHERE

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and wbers
large profits can be realized Interest yon?

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and •
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome lllustrate4
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt„ Portsmouth, Va. Traffio Mg Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

783

THE CELEBRATTD

TORNADO

FEED CUTTERS,

CARRIERS, TORNADO CUTTER WITH BtOWEE ATTACHBD.

The moat successful HAY, STRAW, FODDER, and ENSILAGE CUTTING
AND SHREDDING MACHINE in the world. No extra shredding or splitting tornado cotter with wivklcarrier attach'*
attachments needed on the TORNADO. These Cutters, with Carrier or Blower, are prime favorites with the progressive
iomthern farmer. Call on your local dealer for information and prices, or write to us. We will mail you Catalogue and full
nforrnation for the asking. Many hundreds of these machines in use in the South.

MANUFACTURED DY=

W. R. HARRISON & CO., Massillon. Ohio.

FOR SALE

Is the October Planter I said a patron, who
has acquired a wide experience as a breeder,
Is overstocked and advises me to offer a por-
tion of his stock. To this many replies were
received from various sections, and a num-
ber of sales made. Of the remainder I am
offering the fine prize winning Hackney Stal-
lion and a half dozen yearlings.

Some Shetland and Exmoor ponies, aver-
aging 40 inches, and a few yearlings.

Also a portion of the Guernsey and Hol-
stein cows, which are registered.

Limited area on farm prompts these offer-
ings. Further information may be had of
W. J. CARTER. P. 0. Box 929, Richmond,

R. H. RICHARDSON,

Having removed to my new and commo-
dious store, at 308 Hull street, Manchester,
Va., I am prepared to offer at tempting
prices harness of all kinds, hardware, paints
and oils; also farm wagons of various grades.

FOR SALE CHEAP

Small stud of Hackneys, stallion Rickell,
won 1st New York. Philadelphia, 1896. 7 Import-
ed mares, 2 daughters and 5 granddaughters
of the great Denmark; also yearlings and
foals. Address WESTTOWN STOCK FARM,
Westtown, Pa.

1904.

1904.

W00DM0NDE AND HATTONDALE FARMS

BURLINGTON

" The Gentleman in Black,"

Winner of the Criterion Stakes. Pelham Handicap.
Brooklyn Derby. Belmont. Trial and Tidal Stakes.

Black horse, by Powhatan, dam imp. Inver
cauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam imp. Eleanor, by
Voltigeur; 3d Themis, by Touchstone; 4th dam
Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Caius, Chivalry and
Aristides), by Lottery: 5th dam Decision (dam
of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate,
etc., etc. BURLINGTON will mako the season
of 1904 at .T. E. Lane's above named farms at
Esmont. Albemarle county, Va.

Fee 850 with usual return privilege if horse
Is alive and in my possession.

For particulars address

J. E. LANE,
Esmont, Albemarle County, Va.

For Sale to Reduce Stock.

SOME HNE BROOD MARES, all trotters,
and richly bred. Bargains. Addressv
ROBERT TAIT, Norfolk, Va.

1904.

1904.

KELLY, 22823.

Record 2:27. Sire of McChesney , 2:16%, etc.

Bay horse, by Electioneer 125; first dam, Es-
ther, dam of Expressive 3, '2:12%; Express, 2;21,
etc.; by Express, etc. Kelly represents the
highest type of a trotter, having fine size and
the form and finish of a thorough-bred. For
terms of service address

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va,

Richardson Brothers,

613 Brook Ave., Richmond, Va.,

BUILDERS OF

Wagons and Carriages,

A select lot of business and pleasure
Vehicles on hand.

Repairing neatly done. Orders by
mail solicited.

W. J. CARTER,

TUPF JOURNALIST and
PEDIGREE EXPERT...

ArnRE-S:

P. O. Box 929, Richmond, Va.

Or 1 102 Hull St., Manchester, Va. PHONE 3380.
Representing "The Times-Dispatch" and
"Southern Planter," Richmond, Va. ; "Ken-
tucky Stock Farm," and "The Thoroughbred
Record," Lexington, Ky. ; "Sports of th»
Times," New York, and the "Breeder and
Sportsman," San Francisco, Cal.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention tha Southkek Plahto.

784

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[November,

Owen Wister, the novelist, was talk-
ing about puns.

"I detest puns," he said, "but Fanny
Kemble, who was my grandmother,
used to tell one made by a certain Ba-
ron Rothschild that was good of its
kind.

"The Baron was dining out, and
some- one spoke of venison.

"'I.' said the Baron, 'nevair eats
venishon. I think it ish not so coot
ash mutton.'

" 'Oh. absurd ' some one exclaimed.
'If mutton is better than venison, why
isn't it more expensive?'

"The Baron laughed, overcome by
the brilliancy of the pun that had just
come to him. Then he said, and his
dialect came in very handy:

" 'The reason why venison ish more
expensive than mutton ish that the
people always prefer vat ish deer to
vat is sheep.' "

SURE.

"What did Noah live on when the
flood sudsided and his provisions in
the ark were exhausted?" asked a Sun-
day school teacher of her class.

"I know," squeaked a little girl after
the others had given up.

"Well, what?" Inquired the teacher.

"Dry land " — I,ippincott's.

Wife — You seem to be able to read
me like a book.

Husband — Yes; I wish I could shut
you up as easily.

FOR 5 H P GAS ENGINES

Grinds Ear Corn and Shvick Corn. n™

Capacity 18 to 18 bushels per hour. Safety Quick Release. 50 other ':'.'_'"'"

sizes auit styles of

Scientific Grinding Mills.

i, Combin-M and Power. Most efficient and economical
Simple, Btrong and durable. Write (or new

Rweep-p
mills oi
catalORu
THE FOOS MFG. CO., (/

Springfield, Ohio.

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and ColumbuB;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

lUo I DIKbCl ' Hours the Quickest

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PHTER«BIIRG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

Established by
GEO. WATT, 1840.

THE CALL=WATT CO., W£S!^

Implements, Machinery and Vehicles.

THE UNIT ROAD MACHINE,

So called because it has but ONE WHEEL, and takes but ONE TEAM and «.
ONE MAX to operate it. It has passed through the experimental stage, and SSL'
stands well tested and perfected. By actual test it has been demonstrated that !3u~,
with one team and four men it will build more and better road than can be JESS

done by in men with the usual tools. That it saves labor enough to pay for
Itself every two days it is in use. That it. is economy for each township to
have one. not only to build its roads, but to keep them in order after they are
built. It will do as good work as the heavy, expensive road machines, at very
much less expense, and has advantages over any of them. The price is so low
.very road district and even individuals can afford one.

The following unsolicited communication indicates how the UNIT is re-
garded:
THE CALL-WATT CO., Richmond, Va.: Jackson, N. C, September 21, 1904.

Dear Sirs, — Enclosed find check to pay for the Unit road machine. The more I use it the better I am pleased
with it. Yesterday my road overseer with one team and three men built more road, and did it better, than could
have been done with 40 men with picks, shovels and hoes. It saves labor enough to pay for the machine every two
-days while in use. This is no exaggeration or idle talk. I will gladly answer enquiry from any one needing road
building tools. It is valuable to go behind the big machines and fill the ruts made by the wheels in the loose dirt
before it is packed. I think every one of the townships in our county will have one next spring. We have eight
townships. Respectfully yours, John E. Moobe, Road Commissioner.

All Interested In GOOD ROADS are requested to write for descriptive circulars of the UNIT and other road
.building tools.

BALING PRESSES for Hay, Cotton, Straw, etc. WHEAT DRILLS, CANE MILLS, DISC HARROWS, ROLL-
ERS MANURE SPREADERS, PEA HULLERS, FARM WAGONS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS CORN MILLS, CORN
SHELLERS, WHEAT FANS, PLOWS and PLOW CASTINGS.

We solicit enquiries lor .nythlne desired. -|3 §. 1 5th Stfe et, Bel • Main and Cary RICHMOND, VA.

A. C. SINTON, President.

J. J. SUTTON, Secretary.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

15th and Franklin Streets and 1404 East Hain Street,
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

LABOR SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY,

VEHICLES f™ HARNESS.

Smaller Saw Frames
for short and long-
wood.

Hocking Valley am
Smalley Feed Cut-
ters, all sizes.

Hocking Valley Corn
Shelters.

STAVER BUCKEYE COMBINED MILL AND
POWER.

(reiser Saw Mills and En- the buffalo p.tts all-steel.

FLEXIBLE, DISC HARROW.

gines, well known every-
where.

Buffalo Pitts and Johnston
Disc Harrows and Culti-
vators.

Smalley, Hocking Valley
and Buckeye Horse
Powers,

Chattanooga, South Bend
and Syracuse Plows.

Fish, Weber, Champion
and Hickory Wagons.

We cany a large stock of
Buggies, Surreys and
Vehicles of all descrip-
tions.

<j£ tt£ <2£ HOCKING VALLEY CUTTER.

We Solicit Inquiries About Any IMPLEMENT, VEHICLE or MACHINE.

HALF PLATFORM SPRING WAGON.

:WRITE I OR OUR CATALOGUE.

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY,

RICHMOND
VIRGINIA.

25 Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Companv.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

THIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions in Virginia, in death claims
alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. Tt has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to

represent

•THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER. —

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, Genera! Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

— mi «-"" East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

<^y»vwwyvwwwv^^^^^^^A^^^Mi

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MTNOB'8 DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. II yon wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Oowe, give

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT— Best on earth for Man or
Boast. Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere.

OWENS & MINOR DRUO CO,

., Richmond, Va.

THISTLE

BRAND

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on fles'i.
ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes EO0 gallons Dip for Scal>, ami 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To he Mad at all Leading Drug Stores.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN s. I- 1. 1. KIT, President. WW. M II 1 1. L, Cashier.

CAPITAL $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000.
RICHMOND. - - - VIRGINIA

Established 1840.

THE

Sixty-Fifth Year.

Southern Planter

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

DEVOTED TO

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture,
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside.

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHflOND, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY,

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager.

Vol. 65

DECEMBER, 1904.

Proprietors.

No. 12.

CONTENTS.

FARM MANAGEMENT:

Editorial — Work for the Month 785

Winter Plowing 789

Turnip Growing in Scotland 790

Some Passing Notes 791

Report on Inoculation of Soy Beans and Other

Legumes Artificially 792

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, page 817). 793

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD :

Editorial— Work for the Month 798

Onions from Sets and Seeds 798

Random Thoughts 799

Results with Japan Plum Orchard in Con-
necticut 799

Picking Peaches 800

Fall Crops in the Norfolk. Va., Trucking Belt. 801

Trucking 801

Keeping Cabbage for Winter Use 802

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY:

Editorial — The Butter Supply of Southern

Markets 803

Imported Hogs for Virginia 803

Farm Butter Making 803

Duroc Jersey Hogs 805

The Bowmont Farm's Herd of Jerseys.

Among the Flocks of Scotland

Blood Will Tell

Buying Concentrates for Dairy Cows...

805
806

S09

THE POULTRY YARD:

Editorial — Are Your Poultry Houses Warm and

Free from Drafts 810

Chicken Chatter 810

Animal Food for Late Molting Fowls S10

THE HORSE:

Editorial — The Colt 811

Notes 811

MISCELLANEOUS:
Varieties of Wheat, Corn, Etc., Grown in the

State of Virginia 813

Sugar from Corn Stalks 813

The ; jUminous Crops as Factors in the

Cheap Production of Milk 814

A Great Jersey Victory 815

Feeding the Turkeys 815

More Eggs in Winter 816

Association Fixes Tobacco Schedules 816

Varieties of Corn for Planting— Soy Beans... 816

SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.

The Most popular Machines in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the

i HEEBNER'S,

LITTLE GIANT and
PENNSYLVANIA

Machines, and they have splendid improvements for 1904.
They are built in first-class manner, and are strong and
durable. The price is within the reach of all. We guaran-
tee theiu to do the work satisfaetcrr. We will mail cata-
logue and testimonials, and quote prices on application.

RUBBER. LEATHER , M . -little

AND

GANDY BELTIN6,
ECLIPSE"

ENGINES and BOILERS.
ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS.

THE CELEBRATED

"CHASE" SAW MILLS

Atia This cut shows our 5 and 7 h. p. "Little

Ar*° Samson" Vertical, Automatic Engine, fer

"DE LOACH" HACHINERY. ^"^wSTSSSt JK"Bt plckers' cutu,•

Larger size also furnished.

STRATTON & BRAQQ CO., 31-33 N. Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va.

The Power Behind the Style

In other words, Quality is what
gives the customer real satisfaction
and the dealer a trade he can look
forward to. But in these days of so
many imitations it is sometimes hard
to tell the false from the true.

You know a little paint and var-
nish will cover a multitude of defects
in construction, therefore when or-
dering vehicles it is well to look for a
line with an honest reputation, and
such is com pi

VIRGINIA-MADE
VEHICLES.

They contain " no hinge or loop
to hang a doubt on."

They're true blue all through,
and are priced to please the people
and prolit the dealer.

We've proved it to others -

how about you ?

RICHMOND BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va.

W. G. ADAMS Sales Manager.

The Southern Planter.

DEVOTED TO

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE*
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE.

Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Art8.—>&ENOPHON.
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. = -SULLY ,

65th Year.

Richmond, December, 1904.

No. 12.

Farm Management.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The year has once again rolled round to its close,
and the promise of the "Giver of all things" that
"seed time and harvest should not fail," has once
again been verified. Now that the ingathering of the
results of the farmers' labors has been about com-
pleted, he can take stock of the same and compare
the results with those of past years and seek to derive
lessons therefrom for his future efforts. To South-
ern farmers this retrospect Avill be upon the whole a
favorable one wherever the farmer did his duty by the
land. Whilst the weather has been, nearly through-
out the South, abnormal in respect to rainfall, there
having been ever since the early spring months a de-
ficiency in precipitation in nearly every State, yet
in only one or two of these has such deficient pre-
cipitation amounted to anything like such a serious
lack of moisture as to imperil crops. In several
States it has no doubt somewhat curtailed the yield,
yet in this and the adjoining States such has not been
the case. All our crops, except wheat and hay, have
been either up to or in excess of the average. In the
case of the wheat crop, the deficient yield was not
attributable so much to the lack of rainfall as to the
long continued and severe cold of the winter follow-
ing upon a dry seeding time, which caused slow ger-
mination of the crop and left it very small and deli-
cate to withstand the freezing of the winter. The
deficient hay yield was no doubt attributable to the
lack of rain in the spring and early summer months.
With our early haying season this was bound to re-
sult in a curtailment of the crop, yet notwithstanding

this we made in Maryland, Virginia and North Car-
olina an average of one and one-third tons to the
acre; in South Carolina one and two-thirds tons to
the acre, and in Tennessee over one and one-half tons
to the acre. These crops compare very favorably
with those of the Northern and New England States,
where, although noted for making hay, few average
yields in excess of those of the above Southern States
are reported. The wheat crop of Maryland made an
average yield of 13 bushels to the acre; of Virginia,
10 bushels to the acre ; of North and South Carolina,
8 bushels to the acre, and of Tennessee, 11 bushels to
the acre. These yields are no doubt very low, and
represent no profit to the grower, but when com-
pared with the average made in other winter wheat
growing States for this year, may be taken to be not
less in proportion than other growers had to submit
to on account of the abnormal winter weather. There
can be no question that the low average yield of wheat
in the Southern States every year is largely the fault
of the growers themselves, who will not give that
preparation to the land which the crop requires in or-
der to be grown profitably. This is evidenced by
the fact that those who do give the land the proper
preparation make crops as large as are made in any
other part of the country. Even in this year of ab-
normal low yields we know farmers who made over
30 bushels to the acre without the use of any com-
mercial fertilizer whatever. We have during the
fall months written very fully on this subject of the
proper preparation of the land for the wheat crop,
and hope that the results will be seen next year in a

786

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

much higher average yield. The oat crop of the
South was again a disappointment, but as this crop
is only one of minor importance and mainly grown
as a hay or forage crop, this fact is not of serious
import. ficiency in forage yield waa easily
made good by the summer grown forage crops.
We doubt much the advisability of persisting in
making crop a factor in our crops. It is
essentially a cold climate crop, and our average
weather conditions arc id to its successful
growth. Its place as forage can well be taken by
a summer grown forage crop, which we can raise to
perfection. Ii grown at all, it should be sown in the
early fall and be cut for hay when the grain is in the
dough state before the hot weather sets in. ' Turning
now to the great staple crops of the South, corn, cot-
ton and tobacco, tic retrospect U a most cheering one.
Corn, which in area was more than the average has
made in Maryland an average yield of 33 bushels to
the acre, in Virginia an average yield of 23 bushels
to the acre, in North Carolina an average yield of 15
bushels io the acre, in South Carolina an average
yield of 12 bushels to the acre, and in Tennessee an
average yield of 25 bushels to the acre. These yields
are in all cases in excess of the average for the past
ten years, and in some cases notably in excess, as is
tin case in Virginia. Whilst the yield of the cotton
crop is not yet ascertained, there is every reason to
believe the crop will he in excess of 11,000,000 bales.
The tobacco crop whilst less in acreage is in excess
of the average in yield per acre. The price of all
the staple crops is in excess of the average for ten
years. Wheat has steadily risen in price ever sjnee
the crop was harvested, and now stands near $1.20
per bushel, with .wry indication of going higher.
For the firsl time in the history of this country the
production of win at is not in excess of the require-
ments of tin untry, ami foreign nations cannot

look to us to meet their needs. Indeed, already
wheat is being imported into this country from Can-
ada. Tt. looks at last as though 'he farmei
some chance of getting a pull out of protection along
with the other "infant industries," which have so
long monopolised all the benefits >'f this vile policy.
Imported wheat pays a duty of 25 cents per bushel,
and when this duty begi >erate and makes

bread dearer we shall soon see how the protected
manufacturers will howl ami denounce the injustice.
They will fail to see that what is "Sauce for the

goose is sauce for the gander also." So long as they
can plunder the farmer they see no injustice in a pro-
tectee tariff, which enables them to ohar<ro the home

farmer from 25 to 50 per cent, more for a machine
or implement than they charge the foreigner for the
same thing, but when the farmer begins to get a little
-n they will object Let us hope the result
will he to get rid of the whole system and make each
"tub stand on its own bottom." The "infant in-
dustries" are now hoary with age, and ought to be
able to "go it alone," or not go at all. With such au
outlook as the figures indicate, the farmers of the
South may and should be able to look upon the re-
sults of their labors for this year with satisfaction.
Much of this improvement in the condition of the
farming interests of the South is to be attributed to
the change which has Taken place in the methods of
the Southern farmer. From being simply "planters'*
they are gradually becoming "farmers." We look
upon this change with great satisfaction, as it is one
for which we have labored earnestly for now nearly
twenty years. Wo have urged in season and out of
season that rotation of crops should be studied and
practiced, and that the products of the farm should
be converted at home into higher priced products
than the raw products can ever bring, and which can
be marketed at much less cost. This involves the
keeping of live stock, and thus the production of
home-made manure to take the place of commercial
fertilizer. When Southern farmers keep the live
stock which they can and ought to do, and consume on
the farm all the roughage which they necessarily
make in the production of the cereal crops and all
the forage crops which they can grow in addition,
then the quantity of commercial fertilizer, which at
present is such a great tax to add to the cost of tin
crops, will lie largely reduced and the crop producing
capacity of the farms will he enormously enhanced.
Whilst commercial fertilizers, or rather, we would
say, the chemical constituents of which they are com-
posed can be in almost al] cases profitably '
land in a high state of fertility for the production of
truck crops ami tobacco, which have a high relative
value over the normal cost of production they cannot
l.e so used, except in the case of acid phosphate, and
- and on some lands potash, in the pro-
duction of the cereals, cotton, forage and grass crops.
These depend for fheir successful production more
upon the physical and mechanical condition of the
soil than upon the actual amount of quicklv available
plant food in the soil. They have a loner period of
growth, and the capacity to extract the food they re-
quire from a large area of land, by reason of their

extensive t I -\ stems, if only the condition of the

land is sn perfect as to permit of this being done.

1904.]

TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

767

There is in all land so large a reserve of plant food as
to meet the requirements of these staple crops if only
the land is in a proper physical and mechanical con-
dition. The addition of commercial fertilizers or
chemicals will never change the physical or mechani-
cal condition of the soil. This can only he brought
about by deep plowing and perfect preparation of the
land by the harrow, cultivator and roller, and the
addition of home-made manure and vegetable matter
derived from growing crops, and especially of the
leguminous crops, which, in addition to their humus
making content, also add to the soil, nitrogen, the one
element of fertility not found there in abundance,
i rs are gradually taking to heart the lessons we

have so long taught on this line, and it is seen in the
increased crop producing character of their lands and
their own material improvement. What the South
most needs is not so much greater areas of land culti-
vated, but greater production per acre. As this
change comes about greater profit will be the result.
The labor cost of producing 40 bushels of wheat or
75 bushels of corn per acre is little more than that of
producing 10 bushels of wheat and 20 bushels of
corn, whilst the ultimate monetary return is wonder-
fully increased. The one yield will not pay the
labor bill, the other yield will do this and give a
large profit on the outlay.

It is too late now to seed any crops except it may
he rye, and even for this crop it is very late and its
success, if seeded, will largely depend upon the mild-
ness of the winter, and Canada peas and oats for a
forage crop. This latter crop ought not to be seeded
until the end of January or in February, except in
Tidewater Virginia and Eastern North Carolina.
In these sections it may be seeded in Dcember, and
the poriod of sowing in other sections be gradually
made later as we go westward until in the western
sections of the Southern States it is put in in March.
Canada peas and oats are essentially a cold climate
crop, but can be successfully grown in the South if
got in early enough, so that the crop comes to ma-
turity before the hot weather sets in. It should be
fully grown and ready for the mower in May, and
where this is done it will be found a most useful crop
for early grazing with hogs and for green forage and
hay. Land to be sowu in this crop ought to be in a
good state of fertilitv. It will not make a profitable
crop on poor land, but will grow and be found most
useful on land which will grow a good crop of cow
peas, and will improve the land for a corn crop to
follow. The land should be well and deeply broken

and be niade fine, and if not in a good state of fer-
tility ought to have 300 pounds of acid phosphate
and 50 pounds of muriate of potash to the acre ap-
plied broadcast and harrowed in. The peas at the
rate of two bushels to the acre should be first sown
and be put in deep with the drill or be plowed under
so as to give them a cover of at least 5 inches. This
will enable them to continue their growth long after
'Iter is too warm for them if planted shallow.
After the peas have been covered sow three-quarters
of a bushel of winter oats broadcast and harrow. The
crop should not be grazed until the peas are formed
in the pods and should be cut for hay when the peas
are just, beginning to ripen.

The work of plowing land intended to be cropped
next year, not already seeded with a fall sown crop,
should be given constant attention. In this issue
will be found an article dealing with this question of
fall and winter plowing and pointing out its advan-
tages, to which we invite the attention of our readers.

The work of cleaning up new land and old fields
that have been out of cultivation and are again in-
tended to be cropped should have immediate attention
given. Too often this work is put off until far into
spring, and then, for want of time, is most ineffi-
ciently done, and the result is disappointment in the
crop. Get the land broken deeply as soon as possible
so that the benefit to be derived from the action of the
atmosphere on the land may be as large as possible.
Especially plow deeply all galled and gullied places,
so that no further washing of the land may take place.
Gather up and fill into the deep gullies all loose stones
and rocks and plow the soil onto them from the sides.
Have all stumps, bushes and briers effectually grab-
bed out and carried off the land or burnt. Where
the stumps are not too large burning is the best way
to get rid of them, and so of bushes and briers. In
sotting up the new fences see that the fields are laid
off square or as near thereto as possible, as they will
then be much more conveniently and economically
worked. Let the fences run in straight lines from
point to point. Where good rails are found in the
old fence rows utilize these in the new fences by set-
ting posts at a proper distance apart and fastening
the rails to them with wire. This wire should be
stapled to the bottom of one side of the post and then
run up the post over the top and down to the bottom
on the other side. As it is taken up the one side of
the post staple it to the post at the point where a rail

788

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

is to lie fixed put the rail against the post and carry
the wire round it and staple again to the posl above
the rail, and so continue doing up to the top of the

post The wire going down the other side of the
h odd I e utilized in the same way to fasten the
i the rails going in the opposite direction. In
ill is way a wood post and rail fence can be made per-
straight at very little cost ami without nails.
Often out of an old ''worm fence" as many good rails
may he taken as will serve to make a good fence or
go a long way in saving cost of new rails. Fix gates
renient places in the fences and so hang them
that they will shut when not in use, and thus get rid
of the trouble of aaltle getting into the crops from
rails heing left down or gates left open. If any
drains are needed in the fields have them put in when
eleaning up the land. Put the drains down deep, at
[east 36 inches, and let them run straight up and
down the slopes and not around the hillsides. A
drain running straight up and down a slope draws
water from both sides, whilst one run around a hill
only drains the upper side of it. Let the drains run
straight into the main drain and let the main be
large enough to cai-ry the water and run it straight
to the outlet, which should be a perfectly open place,
where no silt or trash can accumulate. Crooked
places in drains are sure sooner or later to stop up
the drains and render them useless. On all galls
and gullied places spread a dressing of barn-yard
manure and strawy trash, so that the spot may com-
mence to have some vegetable matter got into it.
This after the deep breaking is what it needs to make
it tortile again and sfoji washing.

If you have not already started a system of rota-
tion on the farm plan for one now for the coming
Lay off the land to be cultivated into as
many fields as you wish your rotation to be years
long. If a three course rotation is decided upon lay
off thin fields .mil so on for a four or five or six
pear course. A four or five year rotation is, in our
opinion, as short a one as ought to he adopted except

it may he upon the lighl soils of |h. as! sections,

where a grass sod will not hold on the land. On the
heavy red lands of (he western parts of the State,
where grass holds well, even a six or seven year rota-
tion will lie found profitable.

loss of its plant food. Get it on to the land to be
planted in com, where not wanted as a top dressing
on wheat or oats. It will always pay on the corn
crop hitter than any other fertilizer. It is equally
valuable as a top dressing for wheat and oats, and
if got on before severe freezing weather sets in will
largely prevent heaving of the land and winter kill-
ing of the crop. Much time may be saved in spring,
when work of all kind presses, by utilizing the winter
months in getting manure and fertilizer on to the
land. The mineral fertilizers like acid phosphate
and potash may be safely applied to the land in win-
tin' without fear of loss from leaching. They require
time to become available for the plants, and will help
the crop better when applied some time before the
crop is planted. Bone meal, tankage and cotton seed
meal may also be safely put on the land some time in
advance of the planting of the crop, as these fertil-
izers must first decay before they are available to the
plants, and this process of decay is very slow in cold
land. Nitrate of soda should never he applied until
after the crop is planted and has made a good start
in growth. It is as soluble as salt, and the nitrogen
in it is immediately available to the plants, being in
the form in which plants take nitrogen. Unless the
root growth is active this nitrogen may be easily lost
by leaching.

Get the manure out from the stables, barns and
pens as it is made whenever the weather and the
londition of the land will permil of hauling. The

less the manure lays in the yard the less will he the

Ditches and drains should be cleaned out and new
ones made where needed. All wet fields and wet
places in fields should he underdrained where practi-
cable. The drains in these places should be put
down deeply, not less than. 36 inches. It is the un-
derlying water which causes the trouble and not that
on the surface. Get the stagnant, underground wa-
ter away and that wdiicb falls on the surface will soon
find its way into the ground and leave the land dry
and sound. After draining these fields and places
give a dressing of lime at the rate of 25 or 30 bush-
els to the acre. This will sweeten the land, which is
almost invariably sour when water soaked.

Clean out the ice pond and ice house and be ready
to harvest the ice crop as soon as it is made. Farm-
ers in the South cannot afford to miss the first oppor-
tunity to get ice, as a second may not come here.
See that all sources of pollution are cut off from the
ice pond, so that only pure water is frozen. Ice
made from impure water is always dangerous to use.
Tf you have no ice house, have one built above ground.
This need not cost much, as all that is needed is a
double framed building set on high, dry ground,

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

789

where the bottom of the house can be kept free from
water. Put in a drain into the middle of the house
and let the ground slope from each side to this drain,
and put a trap in the drain to exclude the inflow of
warm air. Then put over the ground a slatted floor
raised six inches above the ground, so that the ice will
be kept dry in the bottom. Build the house exactly as
you would build any other frame building, only make
the space between the inner and outer framing 12
inches apart instead of -1 or 6 inches. Fill in this
space with sawdust and put a double roof on the top,
with a similar 12 inch space between the inner and
outer roof. Pack the ice solid and cover with 12
inches of sawdust. See that the roof is well ventilated
by having a slatted window in at each gable so that no
warm air may accumulate there. Put a double door
with a 12 inch space between the inner and outer
door.

See that a plentiful supply of well seasoned wood is
in the wood-house so that the housewife is not pes-
tered with growls about a cold house or prevented
from having the meals on time by reason of having
to cook with wet or unseasoned wood. This will
save much temper and unpleasantness.

May the Christmas lie a merry one and the New-
year a happy and prosperous one.

WINTER PLOWING.

In our last issue we urged that when it became
too late to sow even rye on land intended to be crop-
ped next year, that the work of plowing the land
should not be neglected, and that this plowing should
be deep, and wherever the subsoil was a good one
— that is to say, having a clay basis and not leachy —
this deep plowing should be also supplemented by
subsoil plowing. In taking up this position we knew
that we ran counter to the opinion of a very large pro-
portion of Southern farmers, and we have been criti-
cized frequently as to the soundness of the advice
given. This is no new opinion of ours, but one at
which we have arrived after mature consideration
and a careful examination of the principle involved,
and also as the residt of practical experience. Those
who object to the advice mainly base their objections
on the ground that the only value of deep winter
plowing is that it admits of the frost getting more
easily and deeply into the land, and thus more com-
pletely and thoroughly disintegrating the soil, and

thai as we have, as a rule, only very little hard frost
I in the South, the benefit to be derived is not commen-
surate with the labor involved, and that such labor is
often largely wasted because the land has to be re-
plowed in the spring before planting can be done.
If the only value «f winter plowing depended upon
the freedom with which it permitted the action of the
frost on the land then we should be prepared to grant
the validity of the objection to it here in the South,
as we do not usually have frost so severe or so long
continued except in the higher elevations of these
States as to be of great value in disintegrating the
soil. But this action of the frost is in the South one
of the least important of the benefits which the land
derives from being deeply broken in the fall and
winter. Prof. King, who is recognized as one of the
leading authorities on soil physics m this coimtry,
says: "Over much of the Atlantic coastal plains and
those sections of the South south of the old glacial
borders and back from the Gulf coast east of the Mis-
sissippi there is probably untiling which tends to de-
plete tin' cultivated fields of their fertility so rapidly
as surface washing, and how to lessen this or to pre-
vent it altogether is the most serious practical prob-
lem of soil management for that whole region. The
compact, close structure, especially of the surface
fool • f the^e soils, their imperfect and feeble granu-
lation, combined with the heavy, intermittent char-
acter of the rainfall, are the immediate causes of the
destructive washing." An examination by Prof.
King of the physical character of these Southern
soils and those of many Northern soils shows that the
Southern soils have much less pore space and open-
aess than is characteristic of the best Northern soils.
Prof. King says: ''This openness of structure in soils
is an extremely important character, for it determines
not onlv their capacities for both air and water, but
also the freedom and rapidity with which these in-
dispensable component parts of all fertile soils move
into and out of the root zone. It even determines in
i very large measure the depth of the root zone
itself, and thus the magnitude of the feeding
area available to the crops, which, in turn, is
i prime factor in determining the fertility of all field
loils. Openness of soil structure and freedom of air
circulation are recognized by all practical green-
ho\ise men as iudispensible prerequisites to successful
results under their conditions. Not only do the soils
of the North and ihe South differ in their openness
f structure, but the soils of the South have a less
-omplete and less strong granulation, and these two
characteristics are extremely important in determin-

7yo

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

r only the freedom with which both rain and
air enter and leave the root /.cue, hut at the same time
they influence the depth to which roots peentrate the
soil.

granulation provi and better fa

the rain as rapidly as it falls,
ace in the character
of the soils in the i . there is bet-

ter under <\v ishing of !i

ble plant fond in the North,
crops genei rate the Boils

ly than they do in the South. When-
: • ithen Is under con-

sideration their close st ructure and f< eble granulation

becoming so

quickly and extensive!; at the soil air finds

cape, and \ fast as

can the rain enter the soil, and hence during

heavy rains the water accumulates quickly and ex-

ly upon the surface. The result is that the

surface soil after baring lost much of its coarser

granulation is readily taken up by the water held at

the surface, and its finer and mure valuable portions,

r with the readily water soluble plant E

ne away in the surface drain-

lent of the fields. What, then.

shall !. stahlish a deeper openness and a

tiger granulation in the soils of the

J plains in order

that there shall be lest in the surface drainage less of

ns of the surface 3oil, less of

the un 3 of the

hich collects on the
ration aided
little doubi
a will not only lessen the tendency of Southern

ipacity. The di wing at
a\ intervals will not only increase the effective
1. Inn it will greatly aid in develop-
r and better granulation, and both con-
ditions ie the tendency to wash."
We have quoted thus at length from Prof. King be-
cause he states mor g( ntly and [y than

uthority we know the true principles un-
derlying the ne sity for deep and frequent plowing

of Southern lands. When can this deep and fre-
quent plowing of our lands be best done! There
can be no question that our fine, open winters are the
best time. The land is then usually in a better me-
chanical and physical condition for plowing than at
any other season of the year. It is neither too wet

nor too dry. A team can do a good day's work with-
out being punished by the sun, and the man can do
physical discomfort. In this work
ason can he profitably utilized and horses
and mules instead of eating their heads off in the
stable can earn tl and con ribute to the

permanent improvi he farm. Another great

and important ad ired by fall and winter

plowing is that it enables all of the vegetable matter
grown on the land in our gonial climate in the late
summer to he turned under when in the best condi-

r adding to the humus content of the soil.
This addition of organic matter to the soil has great
influence upon the soil granulation and water holding

. of the soil, and upon these factors largely
depends the crop feeding capacity of the soil. When
once a better soil granulation has been established
and the soil itself filled with vegetable matter, there
need he no fear that plowing done in the fall and win-
ter will necessarily have to he done over again in the
spring before planting can be done. The surface
may appear baked and dry, but the underlying soil
and subsoil will be loose and open and working with
8 Disc, Acme, Cutaway or Spading harrow will he all
that is needed to make a good seed bed. The mois-
ture content of these fall and winter plowed lands
will be much higher than those plowed just before
being planted, and the crop feeding capacity of the
iis availability through a hot, dry summer
will he much greater. Especially is it important for
Southern farmers to plow this winter because of the
I low water eoirtent of the land. The rainfall
through the South has been deficient all the past
summer, soil and subsoil are both dry. This

is evidenced by '"lie failure of springs and wells

"tit the section of which we have frequent

omplaint. If no special effort is made to conserve

'ho winter and spritta rainfall, hut it is allowed to

is it falls, which it must and will do unless

the land is deeply broken, the chance of profitable

crop production next year is likely to he a slim one.

is to work and keep the plows running on

(■•■cry fit day so long as the land is dry enough, and

It will he a readiness for crop planting in the

spring, which will then he appreciated when work

ry hand, and a probability of crop yield,

■•ill ho appreciated when the time comes to
harvest the crops.

TURNIP GROWING IN SCOTLAND.

Wo have often boon amused hearing farmers say
that they have grown a good crop of turnips when

1904.]

THE SOUTIIETCN PLANTER.

791

they have made 200 or 300 bushels to the acre. The
ing report of the results of a turnip growing
in Banffshire, Scotland, just decided will he
an eye-opener to farmers here as to the possihilities
•rop when properly crown in a climate suited
to its best development. Whilst many farmers here
will, no doubt, he inclined to think that there must
be some mistake in the weights of the crops grown in
e can assure them this is not so, as
we have often ourselves grown over thirty tons of
Swede turnips (Ruta Baga*) to the acre. The con-
test reported was entered upon to test the value of
sulphate of ammonia as an adjunct to farm-yard ma-
nure, as compared with farm-yard manure alone:

"The award has now been made in the competition
held under the auspices of the Central Banffshire
Farmers' Club for growing turnips with sulphate of
ammonia. The prizes, given by the Sulphate of Am-
monia Committee, have been gained as follows:
Swedes — 1 A. Wilson, Haughs, weight with am-
monia, 37 tons IS} cwts. per acre; without ammonia,
30 tons 10f cwts. per acre; 2 L. E. Long-more, Bal-
davie, with ammonia, 37 tons 1} cwts; without am-
monia. 2!t tons 2} cwts.; 3 "R. Allan, Bush, with am-
monia, 36 tons 33 cwts., without ammonia, 25 tons
1} cwts. Yellows — 1 T. Gordon Duff, Drummuir,
weight with ammonia, 52 tons 11} cwts. per acre,
without ammonia, 43 tons 10} cwts; 2 J. Findlay,
A.herli ut Mains, with ammonia, 47 tons 14} cwts.,
without ammonia, 20 tons 15] cwts.; 3 L. Longmore,
Baldavie, with ammonia, 45 tons 14} cwts., without
ammonia, 39 tons 10} cwts. The judges say that
the crops in general were very healthy; that Swedes
were not nearly at maturity; and that turnips weigh-
in 23 pounds were not uncommon."

The heaviest crop of Swedes (Ruta Bagas) grown
("37 tons IS} cwt.) is the equivalent of 1,544! bush-
els of the standard Virginia weight. The heaviest
crop of Yellows (turnips such as are commonly
grown here ("52 tons 11} cwt.) is the equivalent of
2,140? husliels of legal standard Virginia weight.
It will he seen that the sulphate of ammonia used
materially increased the yield per acre. We do not
doubt but that when the Swede crop completed its
growth that it would exceed the weight per acre of the
yellow turnips. Swedes will grow much later and
keep much longer than the yellow turnips. It is
upon such crops of turnips as these that Scotch and
English stock breeders keep and feed their prime
beeves and sheep during the winter months.

Mention The Planter in corresponding.

SOME PASSING NOTES.
r Southern Planter:

Your remarks on the manure heap in the Novem-
ber number should be read more than once by every
thoughtful Southern farmer. The mischief that has
been wrought in the South through the improvident
use of commercial fertilizers has not been duo to the
fertilizers themselves, hut to the lack of intelligent
study of soiTs and their needs, and the utter lack of
an intelligent rotation, of crops and the maintaining
of the humus in the soil. Ami there is right where
the difference between stable manure and fertilizers
comes in. It is not in the amount of nitrogen, phos-
phorus and potassium that are available in the ma-
nure, but to the maintaining of the nitrifying bac-
teria and the moisture retaining humus that its spe-
cial value is due. This is what makes the manure
so lasting in its effects. But, as we have often said,
where a farmer cannot feed stock at a profit he can
come nearer replacing the manure with commercial
fertilizers if he u-^es only the mineral forms of pot-
ash and phosphoric acid to increase the production
of the legumes. The work at the State Farm of the
North Carolina Board of Agriculture, in Edgecombe
county, demonstrated this very plainly, for it was
shown that a far larger crop of cotton was grown
after a fertilized crop of burr clover than was pro-
duced by direct fertilization. When Southern farm-
ers realize that they are wasting their money in the
purchase of nitrogen that they could get free, and
that the true use of fertilizers is to improve the land
through the increased growth of the legumes, there
will he perhaps less money spent for fertilizers, and
more used of n cheaper form, and the resulting crops
of legume hay will enable them more profitably to
feed stock. Tn fact, when a farmer has a great
store of feed he will he certain to want to feed it,
and the netting of the feed is the first thing to do,
and fertilizers properly used will enable him to do
this and to increase his humus at the same time. An-
other thing farmers everywhere need to learn, and
this is that a manure heap is a had thing to have,
and that the only true way to get the best results
from manure is never to have a heap, hut to get it
out where some plant is waiting for it as fast as it is
made. Mv advice about the manure heap, then, is
never to have one, for no matter if the manure is
spread on the land and lies there all winter, it will
do more good and go further than if allowed to waste
in a heap.

The advice of the Ohio Station on the use of fer-
tilizers coincides with what we have been insisting

792

THE SOUTIIERX PLANTER

[December,

upon for years, a short rotation and plenty of legume
crops. The sixth section is particularly to lie studied.
If :i farmer does not raise manure enough to carry
out the three year plan of manuring the corn field,
we agree with the Ohio Station that it is time to
readjust his Bystem. Then, too, Dr. Thorne's fur-
ther statemenl as given at the Ohio Fair, shows what
we have been insisting upon, that a manure heap is
a bad thing to have when n rly $1 differ-

ence between the value of manure per ton that has
lain in the barnyard and that which was hauled and
spread.

Dr. Eilgore's bulletin on burr clover is worth a
study. Burr clover being a sort of annual alfalfa
(Medicago ■ ■ be presumed that

the bacteria that lives on its roots would also live on
alfalfa. Then as the biirr-like seed carries the bac-
teria of the burr clover, it becomes an easy matter to
inoculate land for alfalfa by a preceding crop of burr
clover. The demonstration of this fact is one of the
most valuable recent contributions to the culture of
alfalfa.

We have seen what Mr. Blacknall has done, and
the strawberries he grows on what were extremely
poor hillsides, and his experience adds a testimony
to the value of the cow pea.

Yon are right in telling Mr. Ingham that currants
and gooseberries are useless in the South. I had
some, years ago, at the Station farm, and finally dug
them up. In my home garden I had a gooseberry
bush that grew and flourished finely, and in six years
gave me one gooseberry. They invariably bloom
here in the winter and act killed, and if they did not
do this they would fail from mildew. Mr. Ingham
thinks that low headed trees could not be cultivated.
Inasmuch as there i- not a particle of need for culti-
vation closer than the extremity of the limbs where
the feeding roots are, this is hardly an objection, and
low trees are essential to success in the South. We
head all our trees twenty inches from the
After an apple orchard gets well grown there is no
further need for cultivation if the grass is kept mown
and n-ed as a mulch. I have been advocating this
for thirty year-, and of late it has been discovered
to be an entirely new idea that some Ohio g
have adopted and are succeeding with. T think that
the Rural New Yorker thai reci ntly published
cuts showing one of these low headed and n
trees, with limbs sweeping the ground, and another
cut showing what the writer seemed to think a model |
tree with a tail Stem, and the ^ULri_rcstion was: '"Which
would yon take." T would certainly take ii

with the limbs touching the ground as the best tree
in every respect.

Xow. as to the influence of the Stock on the graft,

I believe that the stock does anything but en-
able the graft to get food from the soil, and to grow,
and its subsequent growth covers the stock with new
layers of growth of whatever the top is. A pear on
quince roots overlays the quince with successive layers
of pear growth, and a longitudinal section will show
that the pear growth is perfectly continuous clear to
the remotest rootlet. Pear leaves cannot elaborate
anything but pear sap, ami they do not form any more
quince cells. There may be an adventitious bud on
the quince root, and if this is allowed to grow and

laves there will be more quince roots formed,
but if there is no growth above except pear, the sub-
sequent growth will be pear and not quince on root
as well as top. I stated this at the Roanoke meeting
of your Horticultural Society, and one gentleman
said that he bail cherries on mazzard stocks that made
mazzard sprouts thirty feet from the stem. I do
not doubt this, for in all probability they had been
allowed to make sprouts from the first, and the maz-
zard sprouts made mazzard roots to sprout more. But
where no growth is made from the stock there can be
nothing but what the top is, for roots are the product
ms. W. F. Massey,

Editor of Practical Farmer.

REPORT ON INOCULATION OF SOY BEANS AND
OTHER LEGUMES ARTIFICIALLY.

Editor Southern Planter:

The land upon which the beans grew is miserably
poor, having been planted in corn continuously by a
former tenant for years without any manure or fer-
tilizer applied. I am quite certain that soja beans
had never before been grown upon it, therefore no
chance for the bacteria to be naturally in the soil.
The soil is a sandy loam, with subsoil of yellowish
color. The beans were drilled in rows three feet
wide, with a small quantity of 8.1.1 fertilizer mixed
with s< i i inure and loam, perhaps of the

mixture 200 pound- fo the acre. Soil was treated as
I by the Department of Agriculture, soaking
for a short while in mixture, balance of water was
mixed with the above composition of fertilizer and
drilled upon the plants at first working, cultivator
following immediately after covering. The sea=on
has been a most propitious one for a luxuriant
growth. Tl ■ ] had the most luxuriant

gr< wth. On the poorest parts there were few no-

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

7^3

dules on the roots. A neighbor who grows these
beans every year had a beautiful field, the roots cov-
ered with large nodules. He says he never fails to
find them, though without inoculation. Of the yield
of beans I cannot say.

Canada Peas. — Wet spring prevented sowing.

Navy Beans. — Used the bacteria in the same way
as for the soy beans. Result negative. Much same
quality of land. Could find no nodules.

Cow Peas. — On land where this crop had been
grown last year sown at last working of the corn and
manured the growth was luxuriant and many no-
dules. On poor land, very poor crop. A good many
died after coming up, without sign of nodules.

Butter Beans. — Two rows luxuriant; very produc-
tive. On poor land crop very poor.

Red Clover. — This was on a piece of new ground.
Two houses had stood upon part of the land, and
there the clover was good and had nodules. Very
patchy elsewhere. The bacteria was applied to all the
crops in the same way as described for the soy beans.
Soy benns invariably seem to answer on this land.
Whether the bacteria increased the growth is hard to
say. From my neighbors' experience I think the soy
bacteria must be already in his soil.

Henrico Co., Va. John Cowen.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

Enquiries should be seat to the office of The SotrrHERi*
Plantki'., Richmond, Va., not lafer than the 15th of th<
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue.

We have several letters containing enquiries to
which answers are desired to which the names and
addresses of the senders are not signed. In accord-
ance with our rule, these are not answered. As an
evidence of good faith and for our own protection,
all letters sending enquiries must be signed by the
writers and their addresses be given. If the writers
do not desire their names published we are always
glad to oblige them, leaving them free to sign with
an assumed name or initials. — Ed.

Thistles.

A subscriber asked us recently how to get rid of
thistles. We replied we knew of no way but cutting
them down and preventing seeding. We asked for
the opinion of others on the subject. One gentle-
man writes us: "Cut them off with the hoe twice a
year and never let them seed. Have killed fields of
them in this way." — Ed.

Charges for Sale of Live Stock.

Replying to an enquiry as to the charges on the
sale of live stock at the Pittsburg market, we pub-
lish 1 lie following information supplied to us by the
Secretary of the Live Stock Exchange, Pittsburgh :
LIVE STOCK.

YARDAGE CHARGES AND COMMISSION RATES.

Per head.

Cattle, yardage and scale 15

Hogs, yardage and scale 6

Sheep, yardage and scale 6

Calves, yardage and scale 8

Feed — Corn, $1.25 per bushel; Hay, $1.50 per
hundredweight.

Commission for selling live stock shall not be less
than the following rates:

Cattle, per car load $10 00

: per double deck 10 00

Hogs, per single deck G 00

Sheep and lambs, per double deck 10 00

Sheep and lambs, per single deck 6 00

Two single decks when billed as a double deck 10 00

Calves, per double deck 15 00

( Salves, per single deck 8 00

Fresh cows, less than car load lots shipped or
driven in (not mixed cars), 75c. per head; mixed
cars, 50,:. per head for cattle up to 10 cattle, and $5
for the balance of car.

When a part of a car is double decked and loaded
with sheep or hogs, the commission on such car shall
be in proportion to the single deck rate not to exceed
$10.00.

Growing Onions from Plants.

Kindly answer the following questions. Wish to
plant a half acre in Vellow Globe Danvers onions
from sets grown in cool frame covered with sash:
• 1. Will cool frame answer or must I sow in hot
bed?

2. How much seed will it require to raise enough

;• a half acre sown under ft 3x6 sash ?

3. What time must seed be sown, and when must
sets ].e transplanted ?

4. What kind of fertilizer must be used, and how
much ? Land was previously- planted in sweet pota-
toes and sugar corn, and was then covered with well
rotted stable manure and plowed down.

Lunenburg Co., Va. Simon Zirknitzer.

We understand our enquirer to mean that he
wishes to grow the onions from seed, not "sets." He
uses the word "sets," but from the context we take
it he means "plants," and so reply. We would say
at the outset that we think it probable he would find

794

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Pearl or Scmthport White Globe better varieties to
in the way proposed than Yellow Danvers.

1. Yes, -rre think cool frames will answer. The
plants should he ready by the time the weather is
warm enough t<> grow them outdoi

one pound of seed will ho required. The
naif aero will require i 00 plants to set it,

and a pound i imber.

le seed in the mi iry mid

commei ut the plai

is a favorahle one. They si

is a pencil then, and should be well hardened oil he-
fore being set out. Make the rows twelve inches
•part, and set the plants four inches apart in the
rows.

4. You should apply > pounds of fertil-

izer to the half acre in addition to the manure yon
have already applied. Make this 500 pounds of the
following ingredients: 50 pounds nitrate
pound ! meal, 200 pounds acid phosphate,

50 pounds of muriate of potash. — Ed.

Sow Failing to Breed.
I lmve a Berkshire sow 11 months old last Christ-
mas, wei^hinij 200 pounds then and fit. She far-
rowed with difficult ince then she
'] in a hit with a tine boar, hut has not hecomo
ig, notwithstanding shi ! almost
by the hoar. No qu< < t the male's
fertility. The sow is not too fat. Would he glad to
have your advice in the matter. Subscribes.
Halifax Co., Va.

We think it likely that the sow was injured by
farrowing of the first litter, and if this he
so, it is not probable that she will ever breed again.
The only suggestion we can make likely to help
would lie to take the sow away fn ar for a

couple of months, and then let her hi- served once
onlv. If she then fails to breed make her into meat.
—Ed.

Corn and Annual Clover.
In your October number you answered my inquiry
about corn. I would like to ask :1 few move ques-
tions. You say 300 pounds of acid phosphate and
50 pounds of muriate of potash per acre, and the next
year follow with .r>0 bushels i f lime. Do you mean
not, to put anything else hut the lime? Or do von
h '. Please let me know
if yon think this is full quantity of fertilizer to get
< results. J. L, Camp.

Southampton Co., Va.
We believe that with the application of the acid

d potash one year and the lime alone th«

ring down each year of a crop of

n will he able to continue your

''or years without depleting the fertility of the

r fertilizing for the corn crop, say

■ ! manure or with a complete fertilizer,

pounds of

.ting of the crop and a
j of nitrate of soda after
d to grow, you could no
E the corn crop, hut except with
rd manure , I whether it would I

:>. We rarely find fertilizers profitable ob
corn. — Ed.

Improving Land for Peanuts and Corn.

Whal kind ,,f chemicals ought I to use on my land

to increase the yield of corn and peanuts? My land

is not hard and stiti' nor do we call it sandy land.

. the ground I find when I get IS

>r 15 inches T come to clay. We use marl, as lime

and I wish you would say what I

i and how much to put to the acre and

i ought to be applied and what time of year and

■ ' ere 1 can buy the chemicals, and about what they

' mo per ton. Would it pav to subsoil light

idj land? , S. B. Edwards.

i Co., Va.

What the farmers in the peanut sections of the

lost need in order to enable them to get heavier

of nuts and better crops of corn is a

rotation on the land. The growing of pea-

id corn in succession year after year has caused

tli" natural humus of the soil to be so burnt out of the

ie in many cases little
than a bed : :al and mechanical con-

dition of the soil is so deteriorated that it is impos-
which should be made. In
: to this the natural supplies of the '
fertilizer I ' been so depleted that the small

de of mixed commercial fer-
tilizers fnils to give the needed support to the crop.
mbalanced, and onlv such a yield
is possible as can find food sufficient in the least
abundant of the mineral supplies of plant food. To
correct these deficiencies the land should have a dress-
in - of lime :if the rate of -25 bushels to the acre or a
"< [responding heavy marling. This will improve
the ' lo deal condition of the soil by making it more
e and capable of holding fertility. Where
land has been in peanuts it should be followed by a
crop of crimson clover and wheat, oats and rye mixed.
'! bis crop will give good, early spring grazing for

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

796

hogs and calves, and should be plowed down and fol-
lowed by corn. At the last working of the corn sow
clover, and in the spring plow this down and
the land in sweet potatoes and then

imson clever to cover the land in winter, to be

I down in the spring and be followed

again. As to the fertilizer to

B peanuts of 60 bushels to

for its production 85 pounds of

5 pounds of phosphoric acid. "2 pounds

of p '! ish, and 46 pounds of lime. A large part of

trogen required is obtained by the plant from
, nosphere, but the other constituents must be

got from the soil, and if not already there in
livilable form, must bo supplied in the fertilizer. The

ing formula will meet the requirements of the
of 14 per cent, acid phosphate, 300
of cotton seed meal, and 65 pounds of mu-
riate of potash. These ingredients can all be bought
in N( rfolk from jiarties whose advertisements will
be found in this issue of The Planter, Messrs.
Percy L. Banks and T. C. Andrews & Co., They
will gladly quote you prices. As the prices vary in
the market from day to day it is useless for us to
quote you. In addition to the fertilizer used on the
peanuts, we would advise the use of 300 pounds of
acid phosphate on the crimson clover crop to ensure
a good growth and thus help the corn crop.

It is doubtful whether it would pay to subsoil
sandy land where the clay is so far below it as you
describe. It might he worth while to try the ex-
periment on a small plot. If there is a hard pan
anywhere under the land it would pay to break this
with the subsoiler and thus he aide to increase the
depth of soil and feeding area of the crop. — Ed.

Smoke House— Curing and Smoking Meat.

Will you please advise in regard to building a
smoke house and salting and smoking meat? How
should a smoke house he, say to smoke from
30 to 40 hogs, and how long should meat stay in
salt before smoking, and how Ions; ousrht it to be
smoked? Feed. Belch,

Manager for David DunJop.

Charles City Co., Ya.

We asked our friend, Mr. J. O. Thomas, of .Smith-
field, the most successful curer of Virginia hams, for
bis views on this subject. He writes us as follows,
for which we tender our thanks:

A smoke house to hold the meat of 40 hogs, I think,
should be 14 feet square, 12 feet pitch — that is, 12
feet from the sills to top of plates, with sharp roof

covered with shingles, the building underpinned with
brick or stone. The house should be built tight, so
as to be dark and he kept clean. Smoke slowly so
that the meat will not get warm, and smoke two or
tln-ee weeks, or until the meat is colored to suit.
Meat should lay in salt from three to five weeks, ac-
cording to size of meat. Pork should never freeze.
Never use lightwood to smoke with.

J. O. TlIOMAS.

Corn Stalks.

How is the best way to handle a heavy growth of
core, stalks? By plowing; them in or e;it them down
and allow them to remain on the land for fertilizer?
I would like to know the best way to pet clear of
them for next year's crop. J. L. Camp.

Southampton Co., Ya.

This is a problem that is difficult of solution for
your section. No doubt the proper way to handle the
stalks is to cut the corn down at the roots and run the
crop through the husker and shredder and feed the
shredded fodder to stock. But in sections like yours,
where the tall Southern corn grows so luxuriently,
and where not sufficient stock is kept to consume the
fodder, it becomes a problem bow best to get rid of
the stalks. They ought to be returned to the land
in some form. There is a machine on the market
for breaking down and cutting up the corn stalks so
that they can lie conveniently plowed under. Per-
haps this would help yon. — Ed.

Lime for Corn Land— Paragon Chestnuts.

1. I have a piece of land that I had in com this
vcar, and wish to pet it in corn next year. Will
lime be all right to use on it, say twenty-five or
thirty bushels per acre, or ought I to use more? I
also have a quantity of stable manure that I want
to put on it, will it do well to use them together?

2. Where can I get the Paragon chestnut scions for
grafting perposes, and will they do well in this coun-
try? J. G. Cox.

Carroll Co., Ya.

1. It is poor fanning to follow corn with corn.
Not until Southern farmers learn to practice rotations
suited to the section in which they farm will they
succeed as they ought to do. No land, however good,
ought ever to grow the same crop two years in suc-
cession. It means impoverishment of the natural
fertility of the land, however the land may he arti-
ficially supplied with food. If your land has not
been limed recently it will very likely respond to an
application of lime given at the rate you suggest.
This lime will improve the mechanical and physical

796

THE S0UT1TERX PLANTER.

[December,

condition i f the soil and will release and mnke avail-
able natural fertility inherent in ir. The land should
be plowed at once and the lime he applied as soon as
plowed and be harrowed in lightly. In the spring
just before planting the corn you may apply the
stable manure without fear of loss, but if applied at
the same time a< the lime or even shortly afterwards
much of the nitrogen in the manure will be lost

2. We believe Messrs. W. T. Eo 1 & Co., Nursery-
men, of this city, whose advertisement you will find
in The Planter, have the Paragon chestnut, and
can possibly supply you with scions. It is said to
do well here. — Ed.

Diarrhoea in Chickens,
you tell me what will prevent young chicks
from getting the diarrhoea! I have trouble with
(hem when they get two days old.

Glouo r Co., .V. J. Fred. Schwabz.

Diarrhoea in young chickens is almost invariably
caused by cold and damp or by injudicious feeding.
Young chickens must be kept both warm and dry if
they are to succeed in making the race for life.
■_' wet and sloppy feed is also n prime cause of
this disease. Oatmeal grits, or cracked wheat or
rice are thi ■• young chicks. These

should be varied with wheat bread crumbs soaked in
milk and squeezed nearly dry and fed <

E any kind will also produce diarrhoea and other
troubles. Let them have plenty of grit and a little
bone meal in their food once a week. — Ed.

Artichokes.
('an T plant artichokes after Irish potatoes? My
intention is t., plant the potatoes at the end of Feb-
ruary or beginning i>f March and after dicing, about
"May. to plant the artichoke- in the same ground.
Would yon advise to use fertilizer before I plant

A SrnscRiBER.
Br'lf'nl Co.. Yn.

It will b ■ t.n late to plant artichokes after Tri-h po-
are dug. Artichokes should be planted in

March or April at the latest. — En.

Preparing for Alfalfa.

We have an old meadow on our farm which has
been neglected for twenty year- or more. It is bot-
tom land with a s -'ream of water running
through it. and has been producing the poorest qual-
ity i t hay, most of it being wire grass. Tts area is
about ,".1 acres, and it is about 1,600 feet above sea
level. T have tile drained along the foot of the hill
and from the low, wet spots, and wish to plow it up

and put it in corn in the spring with the idea of fol-
lowing it with alfalfa. When we bought the farm
two year- ago I planted a small experimental patch
of alfalfa with a worse crop of wheat (through igno-
rance), but in spite of this and no attention the first
I have secured a good stand, which I cut three
time- this season.

TJiis meadow land is sour, and I wish to lime it
well. Will you kindly give me your opinion on the
following points:

1. If I succeed in getting the land plowed by the

1 January, should I lime it immediately or
wait until spring ?

2. Will 50 bushels per acre be sufficient?

3. Will land plaster in same nuantity be as effec-
tive as lime, cost not considered?

4. What quantity and kind of fertilizer should be

5. Will burr clover planted at the last working ,,f

rn produce a sufficient stand to turn under in
the fall ?

fi. If clover is turned under will it sufficiently in-
oculate the land without sowing soil infected with
alfalfa bacteria ?

7. Will this land carefully prepared and cultivated
for the corn, plowed up in the fall and disced, say
four times the following spring and seeded and rolled
be in fit condition to produce alfalfa or should it be
cropped another season ?

s. When the alfilfa i- sown should the land be
limed again or fertilized?

!'. To turn to another subject. Can brood sows
and pigs be carried to advantage through the winter
months on a diet of ensilage, either corn silage ot a
mixed ration without other feed.

J. V. L. Rixahard. Supt. of Property.

Augusta Co.. To.

1. Lime the land as soon as plowed.

2. Yes.

3. No. Yon want the carbonate of lime, not the
sulphate.

4. We doubt very much whether the \ise of any
fertilizer would be profitable on the corn crop. Of
course you might by the use of fertilizer, say 300
pounds of acid phosphate per acre, applied broadcast
a few weeks before planting the corn and a top dress-
ing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda applied to the
corn just after it had commenced to grow largely in-
crease the yield of corn, but it is very questionable
whether this could be done with profit. Our expe-

Iways has been that the use of fertilizer on
corn is rarely profitable. This land well limed
should make a good crop of corn without anything
Ided.

5. No. This chn-er should stand a vear to make

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

797

a cover sufficient to make any improvement in the
land.

6. It would if the clover stood until the early fall
of the following year, but not otherwise. As you
have a field of alfalfa you can easily inoculate the
land with soil from this field.

7. This depends on whether the land is badly in-
fested with weeds. If so, it should be cropped an-
other year and be fertilized with barnyard manure,
if possible, and 300 pounds of acid phosphate per
acre. If the land is clean when the corn crop
comes off plow and work well during the fall and
winter, and in the spring apply 300 to 500 pounds
of bone meal to the acre, and sow the alfalfa bacteria
and then the alfalfa. No further lime need be ap-
plied. In j'our section we think it will be safer to sow
the alfalfa in the spring rather than the fall, unless
the seed can be got in in August.

8. See last answer. We do not think you need to
apply any potash in your section in the fertilizer
used at any time. The lime will make available the
potash naturally in your soil.

9. No. This experiment has been tried. They
cannot eat enough of the food to meet requirements.
It is usefiil as an addition to the ration, but the sows
and pigs should have other grain feed, the best being
a mixture of ship stuff and a few peas. — Ed.

up to become fitted to give up its plant food the first
year. Better plow the land 6 inches deep and sub-
soil another 6 inches and then sow the velvet beans
with some acid phosphate applied broadcast, say 300
pounds to the acre. Let this plowing and subsoiling
be done at once, so that the weather may have time to
act on the subsoil brought up. In plowing with the
turning plow do not turn the furrows right over, but
leave on edge and thus permit of the mixing of the
surface and subsoil by harrowing. Harrow well
and make fine before seeding the beans. Let the
vines mature well before turning them down, and
then the year following you should have a piece of
land capable of making a fair corn crop. — Ed.

Improving Land in Alabama.

I own a forty acre lot in Southern Alabama, in
what is known as the long leaf pine belt. Top soil is
about three to four inches deep (sandy loam), with
a red clay subsoil. 1 am having the land cleared of
stumps, etc., and was about to adopt the following
method to put the land in proper trim for any kind
of crop :

First. To turn over top soil with turning plow,
and have subsoil plough follow to a depth of 10 or 12
inches, and fertilize and plant, but have been ad-
vised to use a turning plough only and plough to a
depth of ten inches, turning top soil under and then
fertilize and sow to velvet beans, and when the beans
are ripe to gather the seed and plow the vines under,
bringing the original top soil to the surface again.

The idea is to dispense with the subsoil plow in
order to save the price of the plow, and also to save
cost of extra man and horses to operate it. I want
to make the land good enough to grow anything.
Please advise me through the columns of Planter
how to proceed to obtain the best results.

Pullman, III. Backward.

We doubt very much your being able to grow a good
crop of velvet beans on this land by plowing the land
10 inches deep and then fertilizing and seeding the
beans. There will be too much of the subsoil turned

Red Clover— Lawn Grass.

I have been jm interested reader of your valuable
journal for about a year now, and feel that I have
been greatly benefited. Please answer the following
qiiestions through your next issue:

1. Is it possible to get a stand of red clover sown
about the 15th of October on land pretty well adapt-
ed to that legiime ?

2. What is the best method to follow in order to
get a stand of grass on a lawn where there are oak
trees, the kind of grass most adapted, and the most
suitable time to sow ? Subscriber.

Pittsylvania Co., Va.

1. If the winter should be a mild one it may be pos-
sible to secure a stand of clover in your section sown
as late as October 15th, especially if lightly top
dressed with barnyard manure. If the winter be se-
vere this is doubtful. Bed clover should be sown in
the fall not later than September, and better in
August, so that it may get good root hold before
frost.

2. Grass seeded for a lawn should be sown in
August or September, and the land should be well
prepared and made as fine and rich as possible with
barnyard manure and bone meal before seeding.
Sow at least two bushels of seed per acre. The best
varieties to seed for this purpose under shade of trees
are Wood Meadow Grass, Virginia Blue Grass and
Perennial Rye Grass. — Ed.

Fumigating Stable and Barn.

I have thought of fumigating my stable and barn
by burning sulphur in it, but as I have a lot of fod-
der and hay stored in the loft. I want to ask yon if
the fumes would ruin the feed ? F. C. L.

Albemarle Co., Va.

No; we dont think the fumes would in any way
injure the feed. It would, no doubt, make it smell
for a time, but this would pass off. — Ed.

i9S

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December.

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The fine, open weather we have had during No-
vember has permitted of the planting out of large
for the spring crop, and these are
now making quite as much growth as is desirable.
When cabbage plants become too much grown in the
early winter they rarely winter well. They should
just get good root hold of the ground ahead of the
frost and then they are ready to grow right away
when the spring opens. Where the work of planting
the cabbages has not been completed it should be
pushed on at once to completion or frost may largely
delay it and cause a late crop, which never sells well.
Do not spare the manure or fertilizer. Make the
land rich and work it well. Iu our last issue will
be found advice as to the fertilizer to use in addition
to manure.

Lettuce plants should be set out in the cold frames
as fast as the plants are ready. Never set lettuce
plants in the old soil of the frames, as it is very likely
to cause rot. Fill them with new compost, clean,
friable and rich in plant food. Where the plants are
already set out. they should have plenty of air given
all fine days, but be kept covered at night, and mats
and straw should be handy to cover the frames in
case of severe frost.

Provision should be made for protecting cabbage
and lettuce plants in the seed bed in the event of se-
vere frost. Pine branches put around the beds and
in amongst the plants and a little straw thrown over
these is usually sufficient in this latitude to save them
from serious injury.

Tn Tidewater and Southside Middle Virgina and
Eastern and Middle North Carolina Irish potatoes
may be planted in this month for a verv early crop.
This crop requires ~noeial planting. The rows should
be opened very deep, and the bottom of the rows be
broken loose with the cultivator and a good potato
fertilizer be mixed with the soil. The sets should
then be dropped in and be covered with a light cov-
ing of soil, and this be covered with a thick coat of
manure, and then soil be plowed on to this in a ridge
over the potatoes. This ridgp should be harrowed
down in the early spring.

ONIONS FROM SETS AND SEEDS.

Editor Southern Planter:

To-day (October 10th) I am planting my last lot
of onion sets. A few of the Early Queen sets were
planted in September. These we are now setting are
the Yellow Potato onion. These will give us green
bunching onions nearly as early as the Queen, and
they differ from the sets grown from seed iu that they
will make a good, mature onion if not sold green,
while the sets raised from seed are very apt to run to
seed and become worthless. There is still plenty of
time for planting the Potato onion. It is quite
hardy, and winters well. We set them in shallow
furrowSj and then throw two light furrows over them
so as to form a ridge. This is for winter protection.
In the early spring this ridge is pulled away, leaving
the onions to bulb nearly on top of the ground. They
will go into bunches as soon as about the size of one's
thumb. The soil where we are setting these onions
is a strong clayey loam, and not the best soil for
onions if we could do better, for we would prefer a
sandy loam for this crop. The potato onion is the
only one we grow mature onions from for the use of
sets. Tt multiplies at the base and makes no seed,
and therefore must be grown from sets. Eor a ripe
crop of other onions we always use the seed in the
spring. The potato onion makes the earliest mature
oni^n on the market, but as it is not a good keeper
it must be sold before the northern seed crop onions
come in. The piece of land we are setting to potato
onions is as we have said a strong clay loam. The
onion, like all other bulbs, is fond of potash, and in
order to do its best must have an abundance of this
material at hand. Happening to have a lot of to-
bacco dust, which is rich in potash, we have given the
onion land a dressing at rate of about a ton per acre.
In addition to this the furrows get about 500 pounds
per acre of a mixture made up of 900 pounds of acid
phosphate. 700 pounds of cotton seed meal and 400
pounds of muriate of potash to make a ton. This is
our general formula for garden vegetables, and we
have not yet found anything in the shape of a com-
mercial fertilizer equal to it. We have found the
same well adapted to the tobacco crop by changing
cotton seed meal to dried blood and the muriate of
potash to the high grade =ulphate. But for growing
a crop of onions to market in a cured state we would
never use the sets. Tt was formerlv the notion that
good onions could not be produced in the South in

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

7»9

•n© season from seed, but that it was necessary to use
the sets. This is altogether a mistake, for we can
grow as good ripe onions in the South from the seed
the first season as can be grown anywhere. The
difficulty heretofore has been that the growers fol-
lowed too closely the Northern methods and sowed
the seed too late so that they ripened into sets instead
of onions. Given a good warm sandy loam and
about 1,200 pounds per acre of the fertilizers men-
tioned above and the seed sown as early as the ground
can be gotten into good order, and the plants well
thinned and properly cultivated, we can grow as fine
crops of onions in the South as can be grown else-
where. In all the coastal plan in the South Atlantic
•lope there are thousands of acres of black, peaty
•oils that have been reclaimed from the great swamps
which, when well underdrained, will make the finest
of oniou land, and there are few market garden crops
that will prove more profitable.

To grow onion sets from seed, select a piece of
warm, sandy soil of fair fertility, and sow in April,
without fertilizing, at rate of about 60 pounds of
•eed per acre. In fact, fill the shallow furrows
marked out with a garden plow one-third full of the
seed, so that the young bulbs will be badly crowded

successful. All have had some success, for which we
shoitld be thankful, and all have made some failures.
from which we should learn important lessons.

After settling up with the old year, plans should
be made at once for the new one, while lessons learn-
ed from the old are fresh in our minds. After fin-
ishing an Agricultural College Course, teaching in a
college, conducting scientific investigations along
Horticultural, Entomological and Mycological lines,
and then returning to my farm three years ago for re-
newal of boyhood strength and energy, I find that
my brain capacity has never been taxed more than it
is on the farm. Young men, you have a lesson to
learn. Start to the Agricultural College at the open-
ing of the term first of next January to make prepa-
ration for your life work. Brain work pays far bet-
ter than muscle work.

There are tools on the farm that need repairs.
There are buildings to be repaired, orchards to prune
and clean up, and spraying machinery to put in or-
der. All these things we can do while the winter
winds sweep across the fields. But the rush of farm
work is over, and the farmer will spend much time
with the family around the hearthstone or heater.
In the afternoon late the children will come home

and kept small. These are ripe in July, and should ' from school with their books, slates and pencils.

be stored with their dry tops on, as any onion will
keep better with the top left on. Clean out and plant
these sets from September to last of October for early
green bunching onions only. The best variety for
this purpose is the Queen, sometimes called the Pearl.
This is a very early bunching onion, and we fre-
quently have them ready for market late in Feb-
ruary. They must all be used or sold before the last
of April, as they rapidly run to seed and become
worthless as the weather gets warm, while the potato
onion makes a fully matured crop. Home grown
sets are better than those from the North, as they
ripen earlier in the summer and start earlier in the
fall. W. F. Massey.

RANDOM THOUGHTS.

Editor Southern Planter:

Before another issue of the Planter appears one
more mile post will be past, one more harvest season
will have come and gone. How much better off are
we ? How nrach effort have we put forth ? How
much have we learned during the year? Balance ac-
counts now and try to settle up with the world. The
year has not been a good one for the Virginia or-

Will the father help them with their hard examples
and difficult lessons? This is the most important
crop that grows on the farm, and should have the best
of attention. The farmer himself might spend val-
uable time in reading the Farmers' bulletins issued
by the United States Department of Agriculture or
by taking some Farmers' reading course, such as that
issued by Cornell University. His mind develop-
ment is his bank account. Hind training can be
turned into money, and it saves money. If we do
not read during the winter months the year is apt to
pass by and leave us with but little mental improve-
ment. The growing season is too inviting for us to
be among the stock, in the meadows, grain fields and
orchards for us to sit down and be contented with a
book. Now all i« changed, and let us "have school"
at home. E. H. Price.

Montqomery Co., Va.

RESULTS WITH JAPAN PLUM ORCHARD IN
CONNECTICUT.
Editor Southern Planter:

I promised to give results of my 1,425 Japanese

plum orchard, and here it is. The orchard covers
•hardists, while the "general" farmer has been more five and one-half acres, the trees are set 12 feet apart

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[Decern ber,

in true rows at right angles: 100 Red Jin
Burbanks, 500 Abundance, and 100 Wickson's. The
first year after setting they blossomed full, but were
killed. The second year they blossomed full
again and produc rge baskets. The third

year the blossoms were full, and the trees produced
1,500 large baskets. The fourth year the blossoms
were full, but frost cut all fruit off. The fifth year
were full and the trees produced 3,000
large baskets.

The plums, when allowed to fully ripen on the
trees and sold in the home market, brougt an average
of about 45 cents per basket, but when picked
greener, which is necessary for outside market, the
net price was less, so that results were about as fol-
lows:

Total labor for the 3.000 baskets, fertilizers, etc. :

Cost of fertilizers $ 50 00

Cost of sowing 3 00

Cost of cultivation 24 00

;' tinning plums 50 00

' baskets and covers 125 00

Cost of picking plums 75 00

Cost of transportation, team, etc 48 00

Xet receipts $375 00

So far as I can see I came out square, the second
and third year gave about the same results. I think
if I had bul •_ I trees, just what I could han-

dle myself with the aid of some light help, and the
plum- Uowed to ripen more fully and with

a home market. I could have done very well. The
difficulty with my plums is they mature too quick.
The V. re the best in that respect ; with

them you have ten days to two weeks to handle the
crop, but they are shy bearers. One has hardly a
week with the Red June, Burbanks and Abundance.
and a storm or two mixed in at that, as I had this
year, limits the time. The only relief there was in
the time of these plums was one week's difference in
time of ripening, but for that I could not have han-
dled half the crop. Yours truly,

"janum, Conn. Gso. ML Clark.

PICKING PEACHES.
Mr. R TT. Pi;t. ■ 7a.:

Dear Sir, — I have read with much interest your
article i'i Sodthbbh Plantkr. Especially the one
in the November number, in answer to 1£ B. Lang-
horn, Allvunarle county. Va. T live near tb
gia line, and in what is now becoming a great peach

producing section. There are within six or seven
t me thirteen peach orchards, all Elbertas,
f. them bear this year for the first time, and
for lack of knowledge, as how to handle the peaches,
t them did not get much out of their orchards,
j t too ripe and then hauled to de-
pur in road wagons. There are several nurseries
lure, where Elberta peach trees. June buds, can be
bought for $3 per hundred. Yours truly,

'and, Term. Henry D. Ayre.

I am very glad to get your letter, stating that the
Elberta has borne well in your section of Tennessee,
which is just as I expected. We are going to fruit
it successfully on the dry. rolling, sandy loam soils
of Virginia also, so that when your crop is gone we
will follow with solid train loads from Virginia and
further up in Tennessee.

The fact that June budded trees can be purchased
so low as three cents a piece by the hundred, in your
locality, will be a revelation to many of our growers,
who arc used to paving from ten to fifteen cents per
'roe. If these small trees are managed carefully
next spring so as to get the "crown" properlv started,
T like them quite well, but most of our growers er-
roneously suppose that the largest trees are the best.
I am n^t at all surprised that your orchardists
made failures irst shipments by letting the

too ripe. Tl result of the

if beginner-. When shipping peaches my-
self while Horticulturist of an Experiment Station.
rial packages of my peaches in different de-
my commission house and asked
them which, packages thev preferred. After getting
this information. T had no further trouble with each
variety, and my shipments took the lead in that
marker. Tt takes considerable experience to enable
gather peaches rapidly with the uniform de-
enable them to carrv successfully
one hundred or five hundred miles. Nearly always
beginners let the fruit ripen too much. One good
way to teach pickers successfully is to let each one
gather and fill a box or crate with fruit he thinks
would go to market successfully and put this package
away in a room the same length of time it would be
on the road to market, then let each man open and
examine his own package. The experienced picker
knows at a glance the fruit that is ready to pick.
When the *kin has that peculiar creamy white ap-
pearance, before any softness has set in, the fruit is
ready to be picked for shipment. During very warm
bright days the fruit should be less ripe than on
rather damp, cloudy and cool days.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

801

Elberta colors early, is an excellent shipper, and
has a very attractive appearance, especially when
grown on light, sandy soils. It is "a thoroughbred"
among peaches. But I must state that I cannot re-
commend its table quality as being first class. As a
yellow canning peach, it ranks high. Your growers
should put up small canning factories for emer-
gencies next season.

Come again. R. H. Price.

FALL CROPS IN THE NORFOLK, VA., TRUCKING
BELT.

Editor Southern Planter:

The fall crops of peas and beans have been ship-
ped to Northern markets. The great trucking belt
around Norfolk, Va.. is now showing up green and
luxuriant with the growing crops of kale and spinach.

The advance line, or skirmish line, of these great
crops is now invading Northern markets, and quite
large quantities of these crops are being sent North,
thus early in the season. This shows two things —
namely, it shows that the Northern green crops have
all Keen cut off by Jack frost; and it also shows that
the Sunny South is ready to supply all deficiency in
the line of "garden sass."

Tlic kale and spinach crop is unusually large in
ana. and is in most excellent condition. The prices
an- fair, and the shipping of these crops is beginning
earlier than usual, and the prospect for profit is good.

The kale and spinach crop combined is good for
five hundred thousand barrels, possibly six hundred
thousand. The price received for kale in Northern
markets varies from seventy-five cents to $2 per bar-
rel. Spinach, from $1 to $7 per barrel.

Kale yields all the way from 150 to 300 barrels
per acre, sometimes more. Spinach from 100 to 250
barrels. These crops are cleared off in time for two
more truck crops within the limits of a year — three
crops |!er annum from the same soil.

Cabbages by the millions of plants are being set
out in the open air, where tliev will take root and
grow slowly all winter, and thus lie ready for market
next April and May.

Lettuce by the acre is also being transplanted.
The two crops last mentioned are set out in the open
air away up to the first of January. The near by
presence of the 'Gulf Stream." which slowly rolls
along our coast, with its steady temperature of seven-
ty degrees the year through, keeps off killing, damag-
ing frosts, so that green stuff in the open air. such

as kale, cabbage, spinach and lettuce, etc., comes
through the short, mild winter uninjured by frost.

The prospect for our farmers and truckers with
regard to their fall crops of kale, spinach and lettuce
is very good indeed. The area of these crops is
large, the stand excellent, the growth very satisfac-
tory, and the prospect for a good price and yield is
very good indeed.

The weather is very pleasant, just bracing enough
to be agreeable and still warm enough to be comfort-
able without any extra wraps, overcoats or heavy
underwear. Light, wood fires are needed to take off
the chill, but still everything in the ground is grow-
ing, and yet we have but very little evidence of win-
ter. The teuderest vegetables, such as sweet pota-
toe vines, tomato vines, beans, etc., are nipped by
frost, but yesterday we saw a large crop of peas where
the vines were looking just as green as they look in
April and May. A. Jeffeks.

Norfolk, Va., November, 1904.

TRUCKING.

Editor Southern Planter:

Do not make the mistake of starting into the busi-
ness of truck raising before you are ready. By so
doing yon simply invite defeat and a disastrous and
expensive failure is, in the very nature of things,
bound to be the result.

There are at least three essentials, the absense of
any of which will pretty effectually militate against
any possible profit from either market gardening or
truck farming. These are:

1st. A sure and remunerative market for the pro-
ducts when raised.

2d. A thorough knowledge of the soil and its adap-
tability to the vegetables to be grown thereon, and an
equally intimate knowledge of the plants intended
to he cultivated, together with their cultural and plant
requirements ; and

3rd. Rich land.

Tt is a waste of time to attempt the utterly impos-
sible feat of raising profitable crops of tender, suc-
culent vegetables on any but the very richest of land.
No matter how fertile the land may seem to be, good
'ruck crops e;1n only he grown thereon by high ma-
nuring. While in ordinary grain or cotton or to-
bacco farming one can by a judicious rotation and by
the free use of leguminous crops, get along without
the purchase of nitrogenous fertilizers, the market
gardener must he lavish with his fertilizers, both
"itrogenous. phosphatic and potassic. Nitrogen

802

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

i" planting; apply the nitrate beside and around the
plants after crop is up.

If the ground is well supplied with humus above
amounts may be doubled or trebled with manifest
advantage. In all cases, we most decidedly prefer
to apply broadcast, and by thorough preparation,
jhly incorporate the fertilizer with the soil.
This done when drouth sets in wherever the applica-
tion was heaviest there the crop will be the greenest,
let the crop be what it may.

As muriate of potash and cotton seed meal are pre-
ferred by some, we subjoin the following mixture:

Acid phosphate 300 lbs.

Nitrate of soda 300 lbs.

( lotton seed meal 750 lbs.

Muriate of potash 250 lbs.

.Mix for one ton and apply from 1,000 to 2,000
pounds per acre.

For potatoes, leave out 150 pounds nitrate of soda,
and add 150 pounds mure of the muriate.

G. H. Turner.

forces early growth and gives large succulent leaves
and stems, potash gives solidity and crispm
increases the sugar and starchy pari- of seeds, phos-
phoric arid tends more especially to develop the seeds
of plants, hence the chief ingredient in a good fer-
tilizer for vegetables of which the leaves or stems are
the edible portion, is nitrogen.

For rool vegetables, phosphoric acid and potash
are fully as important as nitrogen. For vegetables
of which the seed is the edible portion, like the gar-
den pea. for instance, phosphoric acid is the leading
element. For vegetables like the tomato, pota
plant, celery, melons, etc., potash is the most im-
portant.

Nitrate of soda is the best form of nitrogen, and
the sulphate is the besl available form of potash for
garden vegetables of all kinds; cotton seed meal, as a
source of nitrogen and the muriate as a source of
potash, being next ; kainit is altogether out of place
in the garden Or truck farm. Potash salts are just
the thing for truck farming. The cheaper muriate
of potash gives equally as good results on cabbages
and beets as the more expensive sulphate, but the
latter appears to be superior to the muriate in in-
creasing the yield of tomatoes, spinach, lettuce andt

° J ' ' write for advice about protectieg them

onions. For vegetables the controlling elements are

potash and nitrogen, and very few of the brands of
mixed fertilizers have as high a percentage of potash
as most truck crops require. It is known on all
sides that potatoes are dear lovers of potash, but it
does not appear to he so generally known that the
cabbage crop is also a potash eater; turnips come
next, and cauliflower third, in their demand for [tot-
ash, hence if a heavy yield of either is desired, they
must be planted on soil that already lias plenty of
potash in it, or plenty of it must be applied.

No soil is naturallj s< strong thai many good crops
of vi getables can : in succession there* a, ex

Cept potash be add. d just as often mid jusl as lib-
erally as nitr

W'e have this much to say about potash for the
reason that to our certain knov li dge main- market
gardeners limit themselves exclusively to manure ob-
tained from city Stables, and stable manure, let it be
ever so good tfl properly balanced fertilizer for

and cannot bring tits. A good

general fertilizer for all gard ould be:

Acid phosphate L50 to 225 lbs.

Sulphate of potash. . .250 to 375 lbs.
Nitrate of soda 150 to 225 lbs.

"Mix the phosphate and potash and apply previous

Keeping Cabbage for Winter Use.

T have about 3,000 cabbage just heading, and I

Should they
be taken up and trenched before thoroughly headed?
How long can I leave them in the field now? When
taken up would they keep in a barn ? Advise how to
arrange them. M. Nelson.

Halifax Co., Va.

Let the cabbage stand until they are headed, if the
frost will keep off lon^- enough. In your section they
will keep over tiie winter unless it be a very severe
one. if they are then heeled over with the heads to
the north and a furrow be then plowed on to the
stalks up to the bends. In case the winter should
prove a bard one it may he well to store part of the
crop in a pie or heap made as follows: Pull up the
cabbages by the roots and selecting a piece of high,
drj -round, place (be cabbages with the heads on the
ground and stalks up in a row, say four feet wide.
Make this firsl layer as long as you think will be
required to pie the whole. Then place a second row
of heads between the stalks of the first row, and con-
tinue (hi- by adding further rows until the pie is
brought up to a conical shape, say three or four feet,
high. Then cover the whole pie with straw a few
hick and finish off with a layer of corn stalks
laid so as to throw the water off. — Ed.

When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men
tion the Southern Planter.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

Live Stock and Dairy.

803

THE BUTTER SUPPLY OF SOUTHERN MARKETS.
In this issue will be found an article by Prof.
Soule, of the Virginia Experiment Station, on Farm
Butter Making, to which we invite attention. There
is a great opening for good home-made butter in the
South, but it musl be good. The supply for all the
high class trade in all the Southern cities comes at
present from the New York and Elgin dairies, which
ship thousands E butter every week into

the Smith. In this city alone the sale of these New
York ami Elgin butter amounts to hundreds of
pounds of butter svery week. A few years ago we
made an investigation into this matter on behalf of
the Department of Agriculture, and were surprised
to find how completely the Northern and Elgin
dairies hud control of the hest trade of the city, and
practically of very much of the second class trade.
There is a small supply coming from the Western and
Southwestern part- of the State and from West Vir-
ginia, but this does not begin to compete with the
Northern supply. Of nearby made butter there is
practically none on the market. Some few farmers
bring a small supply in every week to private cus-
tomers, but even this is a very small item. There
is no reason whatever why the large demand for but-
tter in the South (and Southern people are great
butter eaters), should not be met by Southern farm-
ers and thus thousands of dollars be kept at home.
The only thing standing; in the wav is the fact that
practically at present no good butter is made in the
South. What is made is also not put on the market
in an attractive form. If farmers will take note of
Prof. Souie's advice these defects can soon he altered.
and that with great profit to farmers.

Sanders Spencer's herd were also forwarded some
weeks asrp."

IMPORTED HOGS FOR VIRGINIA.

In our last issue we published a communication
from Mr. Westmoreland Davis, of Morven Park,
Leesburg, in which he announced an importation of
White Yorkshire hogs. He now writes us that he
lias made a second importation, which is thus re
ferred to in the Live Stork Journal of England :

"Three of the best large white -< \Ir. \r

thnr Hiscock's sale al Motcombe, including the grand
pair of gibs that won first prize as a pair at the
Devon County Show, were shipped to-day (Friday I
on the SS. Ulsterman al Liverpool. They go to Mr.
Westmoreland Davis, in Virginia, who is establish
ing a herd there. Some choice specimens from Mr,

FARM BUTTER MAKING.
'hern Planter:

One who has had in opportunity to travel over the
rural districts must certainly have been impressed by
the fact that only a very few persons understand how
to make good butter. Even in the best agricultural
communities where farm paper- and magazines can
be found on the library table, where the land owners
live in comparative luxury, the butter is one of the
least satisfactory condiments found on the table. It

hardly an exaggeration to say that in twenty-five
consecutive farm homes which might be visited,
twenty-live different kinds of butter Would be found,
varying marvellously in color, quality and flavor.
In some case- the butter will consist largely of a sour,
eh© -y curd, which has been incorporated with the
fat globule- through improper churning. In other
cases, it will be positively rancid, while possibly in
only four or five instances out of the twenty-five will
it be at all palatable. There are those who may
think this i- stating the case extremely, but such at
least are the facts gathered as the result of some
years' of experience in Farmers' institute work which
has brought the writer in contact with hundreds of
farm homes. Strange to say, in practically all in-
stam es, the people believe their butter to be good
and wholesome. In other words, they do not appre-
ciate what good butter is. nor do they have any ideals
in regard to its manufacture and production.

Of course the great success of the American dairy
is due largely to the development of our factory and
creamery system. Were it not for this, it is doubt-
ful if we would ever have made much progress along
dairy lines, though there is certainly every oppor-
tunity for persons who thoroughly acquaint them-
selves with the proper methods of making- and hand-
ling butter. On the score of education and lack of
facilities for (he work, no excuse is available for the
I Nutter made on the average farm.
There are hundreds of dairy schools turning out a
es each vear. which one would sup-
e would disseminate information very largely
through the communities to which they return.
Prejudice, however, seems to lie .stronger than educa-
tion, and remarkable as it may seem, it very often
is that the people of the community consider

804

THE SOUTHE1LX PLANTER.

[December,

their own butter of superior quality to thai made by
acated and trained dairy school butter maker.
Lei this be as it may. it still does not solve the prob-
lem, nor does it explain why our farmers persist in

making an inferior quality of butter from cows well
I,,,,! ^ eared for, kepi in excellent stables, and fed
and nourished on dean, excellent food. It also
rery strange that when there is a splendid
market for butter of high quality, that the majority
of farmers should say there is no money in butter
making, and that thej do not find dairying a profi-
table industry. This does nol apply to the great
majority of dairy farmers, hut there are still thou-
sands and thousands of men who keep a few cows,
and who should make at least fifty dollars per cow,
,„., profil on butter, judging from the market prices
prevailing al the towns near which they reside. Here
is one of the Leaks m the farm that could be stopped.
1 |M average com is not credited with what she does,
because the owner fails to handle her product in the
besl manner, and so does nol obtain a fair remunera-
tion for it. Under Bucb conditions the dairy cows
oughi to combine and form a trust for their own
protection. Thej nave been a Long suffering and
much maligned class of animals in some communi-
ties, where the fault has no1 been theirs.

Admitting thes( facts, it now seems proper to in-
quire if good butter can be made on the average farm
ai a profit i Et certainly can he if modern methods
are followed. It will take bul little more cave and
efforl to make a iir-t class quality of butter where
now a very indifferent article is produced. What
sense or use is there in -pending days of labor and
efforl in feeding and caring for dairy cows, in hand-
ling and skimming milk, and in churning to make a
pound of butter worth ten cent-, when it might just
a- well bring twenty-five or even thirty cents? Yet
tl„. writer know- of dozens of instance- where this
thing is done over and over again, and followed up
year i„ and year out. On visiting country towns

nnd inquiring for g I butter, it is. as a rule, twenty-

livo or thirty cent- a pounds ; in making inquiries at
ii( farmers' homes, it is, as a rule, reported to be
, ortri ' per pound. Yet there is

hardly a community throughout the South in par-
ticular, which the writer has visited during recent
years, where the dealers have no1 -aid thai they were

unable btain a tifficienl amounl of satisfactory

butter to supply the home trade.

Willi good ham-, good feed, and cow- well cared

for the making of butter could - ie a compara

tiveh simple process. Ml thai is needed is to keep

thi stables clean, brush the cows down well, wipe off

the udders, and use thoroughly sanitary milk pails
with covers and strainers in the side. Aerate the
milk in a room built and maintained especially for
thai purpose, connected with the stable, but closed off
from it, and then keep the milk cool in deep cans un-
til the proper degree of acidity has developed in the
cream. It is then a comparatively simple matter to
skim off the cream and churn it in a granular form,
and produce a butter sweet and rich in flavor, and
with excellent keeping qualities. It is hardly worth
while to ask the question as to whether good butter
can be made en lie farm or not. The answer is
certainly yes, and it will require but comparatively
little more efforl and skill than is required now to
make an inferior quality.

The chief trouble in the manufacture of farm but-
ter is the fact that the milk is produced in stables
that are unsanitary. It will take comparatively little
effort to clean the' stables every day, whitewash them
once or twice a year, spray them with a little disin-
fectant occasionally, and brush off the cows so as to
keep them free from manure and filth. Then, if the
milkers have clean hands, and the milk is quickly
drawn and conveyed to the crating room, and either
separated Or placed in deep cans, it will be in good
condition. In sections where the weather is cold
enough, ice should he stored for the summer; in
other sections, artificial ice can be purchased for a
reasonable cost, while springs can often be utilized
economically and to the best advantage. After the
milk is drawn, it is essentia] that it be handled skil-
fully. <>ne great trouble on the average farm is the
fad that it is kept in the cellar, which is closed up 80
as to prevent the circulation of air and light, and it
thus becomes musty and close. Milk or cream kept
here will generally have a close, musty, and often a
cheesy flavor. It is impossible to make good butter
under -neb conditions. This difficulty could be ob-
viated simply by using a deep setting tank for the
milk or cream, as the case may be, and thoroughly
scrubbing and disinfecting the cellar occasionally,
and opening it up at night so as to let the air circu-
late through it.

Another frequent cause of trouble to the housewife
who attempts to make fritter, is the fact that she per-
sists in using old rags and cloths and utensils which
are not properly cleansed and sterilized. Brushes
should replace the old rag- to commence with, and if
a Larger amount of hot water were used, which can
he obtained quite simply in almost any house through
the use of a water back on the range, there would be

11)04.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

S05

less difficulty with various undesirable fermentations' sence of the usual supply of rags and old newspapers,

and putrefactions which develop in the cream and
butter, causing the housewife no end of trouble and
worry. Cleanliness is one of the things about the
dairy that is very often not fully appreciated. This
is due in part to the insidious nature of germ growths,
win isc pernicious qualities are not fully appreciated.
Good brushes, plenty of sal soda, a little sapolio,
more hot water and elbow grease, and the chief
troubles of the farm butter maker will disappear as
if by magic. Thus there is no reason why, with the
exercise of a little more care and discretion, a first
class quality of butter should not be made on the
average farm.

How this good butter can be made has been indi-
cated to a certain extent, though in many places the
equipment used is out of date and unsatisfactory.
Separators cost so little now, that where a few cows
are kept, as they should be on every farm, one should
be purchased and used. It need not cost over $75
for a small herd, and it is easy to handle and cleanse,
and light to run. The machine gives a perfect sepa-
ration of the milk, and thus saves more than its cost
in a year

which so frequently accompany butter.

Under these conditions, butter of the sweetest and
best quality can be made at a good profit, where it is
now so often manufactured at a loss, providing a new
source of revenue to the farmer without the expedi-
ture of a large amount of capital or labor. All that
is needed is a little better appreciation of the nature
of germs and how to combat them, a little more care
in the handling and churning of the cream, and in
the packing and marketing of the butter. All the
necessary effort and labor is now being performed in
making butter, bringing ten to fifteen cents a pound.
Can you afford to keep cows and handle them on this
basis? Is that other ten or fifteen cents a pound,
which represents your profit, and should amount to
$75 per cow per annum, worth going after ?

Andrew M. Souxe.

Virginia Experiment Station.

DUROC JERSEY HOGS.

Editor Southern Planter:
I notice one of vour correspondents asks the char-
After being run through the separator ; aeteristica of the j}UTOC hog. j have kept Poland-
the milk is m the very best condition for utilization! CKm.^ Berkshires and Durocs. As you say, the

on the farm in the feeding of calves, pigs and poul
try. The cream is reduced to a small bulk, has been
aerated and cleansed by passing through the sepa-
rator, and is in the best condition to ripen. After it
has been ripened the churning is an important mat-
ter. The churn and butter worker should first be
thoroughly scalded and then rinsed out Avith cold
water. After the cream is placed in the churn, the
color should be added if it is necessary. The churn-
ing should proceed slowly and uniformly from twen-
ty to thirty minutes, when the butter should have
broken in a granular form, and possessing a rich,
aromatic and slightly acid flavor. Immediately
after it breaks, some cold water should be added to
chill it, then it should be taken out and placed on the
worker and allowed to drain. The washing with
water removes the particles of curd. If the butter
were churned beyond the granular form, a certain
amount of milk would be incorporated, which would
greatly hasten decomposition and cause the butter to
go off flavor and become rancid. After the butter
is carefully worked so as to thoroughly distribute the

Berkshire is hard to beat. But still I think that for
healthiness, docility and general utility the Duroc is
the coming hog. With other breeds I have always
had some crushed pigs occasionally, but the Duroc is
such a quiet, motherly sow that I have had no such
trouble with them. The boars are easily handled,
and though active in breeding show little inclination
to roam. They seem to stand a changeable climate
well, and fatten easily, and I think those who have
had trouble with sows crushing or eating their young,
or with nervous, fretful sows, will do well to try this
breed. They are in color an attractive cherry, and
the little pigs are beautifully even in size and color.
Orange Co., Va. A. E. L.

THE B0WM0NT FARM'S HERD OF JERSEYS.

The Jersey Bulletin thus speaks of this herd,
which will be found advertised in this issue:'

"The Bowmont Farm's Herd of Jerseys at Salem,
Va., has reached the place where it can be called one
of the very best in America. Indeed, it reached that

salt and prevent mottled butter, it should be made! Place™ time ago, and the result. ;of Mr. Bowman's

up in nice, uniform packages, wrapped in parchment
paper and stored in the coolest place available, so as
to keep it firm. Then when taken to market it
should be placed in a basket or box remarkable for
its clean and attractive appearance, and for the ab-

fine judgment in the work of building it up are ap-
parent in the young stock coming on. Wherever
they go they are giving satisfaction, and the owner
feels well repaid for the outlay in foundation stock.
Certainly the herd was built after a system that war-
ranted the highest results."

806

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

;ii the English K<

FIRST PBIZE SHROPSHIRE BUCKS

7&1 Show, June, 1U04. The five finest sheep shown in that year.

AMONG THE FLOCKS OF SCOTLAND.

Editor Southern ['tauter:

From my earliest boyhood [ loved to hour stories
about the faithful Scotch shepherds and those won-
derful dogs hefore whose intelligence we must all
bow in admiration. Bonnie Scotland was the one
land I most desired to visit. You don't wonder,
therefore, thai my heart gave a bound when I first
looked on its green fields jusl beyond the beautiful
waters of the Tweed al Berwick. It was a glorious
evening. I sped along in the slowly deepening twi-
light toward that choicesl of till cities, Edinburgh, so
well named, "the pride of Scotland." It might not
be uninteresting to stop in my sheep stories to de-
scribe the scenes about Edinburgh, or to revive its
historic and chivalric memories, but lack of space
forbids.

With my face Jet towards the Grampian Hills,
made famous in story by Scott's Lady of the Lake
and Rob Roy, as well as by the gallant deeds of
Robert Bruce and William Wallace, I was off for a
tmir through the country of the Highland cattle and
the Black-faced Highland sheep. At Aherfoyle I
left the train to take the i itry on foot and by

coach. As I walked ever to the inn for breakfast, I
saw a flock of very queer little sheep crowding for-
ward over Rob Roy's bridge, which was only a few
steps from the inn. These little sheep all had horns,
black-and-white faces, long- fleeces almost sweeping
the ground. They all looked so much alike and seem-
ed So strange that T noticed them closely. When I
saw their faces at close range, I remembered a much
prized picture that hangs in the hall at Edgewood, a
picture that was given me as a boy at school, because
1 did not miss a day and was not tardy during a
whole session in our little country school. The pic-
ture was indeed a prize to a hoy who loved sheep and
collie dogs. It was a cheap chromo, but to my boy-
ish fancy it was the most beautiful picture ever
painted. It showed two ewes and lambs out among
the rocks and heather and two Collie dogs lying near
with their faithful eyes resting fondly on their
charges. Tt was entitled, "On Guard." I always
thought those were queer looking sheep. I now
know that they were Hlackfaced Highland ewes. A
black Collie was handling this bunch of Highland
3heep with remarkable skill. The shepherd had gone
on to get his drink of ale and had left his "faithful

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

807

tyke" to work this flock of sheep through the little
village. I was soon among the heather on these
Scottish hill*, and found these sheep scattered every-
where. You could not go a hundred yards without
running upon a small hunch of these little sheep.
They do not run in flocks at all. Often two sheep
will he found off to themselves. Occasionally a ewe
bas no other company than her lamb. They are thus
more like goats than sheep in their habits. I soon
noticed that some of the sheep were sheared and some
Dot. A little closer observation showed that every
ewe that had a lamb had her fleece. It occurred to
me that these ewes would lamb out on these bleak
hills and even up to July the nights are very cool.
These great fleeces would screen the little lambs from
the chilling winds. I should say that no hardier
breed of sheep lives than these Blackfaces. They
never know shelter, except such as the protected side
of the hills could afford. How they pass through the
heavy snows of the winter is a wonder to me. Were
it not for Collie dogs I do not see how these sheep
could be managed at all, as they roam at will among
the hills. I found them on the very top of Ben
Venue, a lofty mountain. Every shepherd you meet
has a Collie walking at his heels, and this Collie is a
very knowing companion. He understands every
word and gesture of his master, and the shepherd
talks to him as he would to his closest friend. He
feels, at least, that his dog understands, so the com-
panionship is just as close as if he did. A gentle-
man told me an interesting incident about his Scotch
shepherd. One day he was standing by a hedge,
when his shepherd approached from the opposite side
with his dog at his heels. He was talking aloud find-
ing fault with some of the sheep, a thing he would
have considered most disloyal to his master, if he had
thought any one was hearing him. He suddenly
stopped, and, turning to his dog, exclaimed : "Shame
on yir ! Go on ! Ain't I bin telling vir ye are alius
busy listenin' ?" Fine testimony to his faithful ser-
vice. He would not share the secrets of his busi-
ness with his best friend, his faithful dog.

The Blackfaces have coarse hairy fleeces not ex-
ceeding four pounds, and they are too small to make
a general purpose sheep, but the flavor of their meat
is unexcelled save by that of the Welsh mountain
sheep. Blackface mutton is the choicest dish in all
that country, and I can testify that it is hard to beat.
It brings a special price on the market.

I was also much interested in the Highland cattle.
These were just a* rough and woolly as I had pic-
tured them. Thev seemed to roam over these hills

as wild cattle, and are too much like the American
bison to please me. The bulls have enormous horns,
sometimes expanding four feet and the hair on the
cresl often reaches down to the nostrils. I am in-
clined tn think that it will take much improvement
to make a great breed of them. They are not the
only Scotch cattle that can furnish Buffalo robes.
The Galloways are natives of Scotland.

A week later I was in Melrose in that lovely valley
beside the gentle Tweed, under the shadows of the
Hills of Eildon, which overlook the home of Walter
Scott. I was off on my bicycle to see the flocks of
that charming bit of Scotland. Every flock I saw
during my day's journey was a flock of Cheviots.

This country, you remember, lies at the foot of the
Cheviot hills, which have been the home of this hand-
some breed for over a century. How beautiful these
Cheviots were ! Their snow-white faces, their bright
eyes, their long fleeces, their strong shoulders, their
proud carriage make them at once the most attractive
of all sheep to look at. They have little wool on the
legs and none on the heads. They are bald-headed.
They seem to be as kind in disposition as the jolly-
bald-headed man. About Melrose these sheep are
handled in small flocks much as we handle sheep in
this country. In order to see the Cheviots in their
native haunts, I went right into the heart of the
Cheviot Hills. From New Castleton, the home of
Walter Scott's hero, Dandie Dinmont, I strolled
across the country admiring the picturesque country,
which is so different from anything I had expected.
These Cheviot Hills are not rugged and rough and
covered with Scotch heather, but they are carpeted
with the most luxuriant grass, and are absolutely
treeless. When I had climbed to the top of Home
Hill I could look across the rolling hills lying under
the purple haze of the distance and see a country
given up almost entirely to the raising of Cheviots.
It is an ideal sheep country, with the exception of the
moors that are found on the flat tops of these hills,
which become in wet seasons the breeding places of
the liver fluke, foot-rot and many other diseases. I
came to an old shepherd's home on the far side of
Home Hill close by a tiny little burn, whose rippling
waters so clearly reflected the green of the hills that
it has been called Green Burn. I was given a Scotch
welcome, which means more than I can tell. As I
ate the scones and cheese and drank the fresh milk
that wag set before me the old shepherd told of his
sheep and dogs in language that was too much for me.
He told me that he had charge of three thousand
sheep on those hills, that he kept them in small flocks,

808

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[December,

that he had them deep in a fresh place every night,
that lie had no shelter for them in winter, that he
gave them only roots in winter, leaving them to get
their roughness from The heather and the matted
grass of the hills. Winn T saw no fences on those
hill- I asked how he ever got them in small flocks and
then how he kept them so. Ee pointed t.i his dog,

and said Bhe underst 1 the parts of the range where

each flock belonged, and she kept close watch of each
flock. When I wanted to photograph a flock of
( !heviots he waved Meg off to a flock a half mile dis-
tant, and she had the sheep herded on the side of the
hill where he had pointed in a few minutes.

Here was a flock of native Cheviots in their own
environment. They were rather small and coarse in
I. nt they l<i"ked hardy and strong. The lambs
were very small for June, but I was told that it was
found best to lamb the owes jn April and May, as the
!"-- of lambs was very great in the early months. It
was interesting to see BO many sheep pastured on these
hills, and to remember that they had been pastured

here for years. I at once thought of diseases. I
found that thev are beginning to have their troubles.
This old shepherd had never heard of stomach worms,
but he described cases that were alarmingly familiar
to me. Liver fluke and louping ill were increasing
year by year. Only their painstaking management
saves them from serious trouble.

When I left the shepherd's cottage, the old man
insisted upon going with me part of the way. When
we got in sight of the village, he parted company with
me, and as I handed him a shilling for the "old
wumman," he shook his head and rebuked me with
words that still ring in my ears: "It dus oor herts
gnde to feed and hoose a stranger." These Scotch
people are a noble people, honest, kind-hearted, and
faithful to every trust. They have written their
names bigh on the scroll of worldly fame. It is a
] ilea sure to meet them face to face and to reflect upon
the sturdy elements of character that have made them
a great people. H. B. Arbuckle.

Maxwelton, W. Ya.

BLOOD WILL TELL.
Editor Southern Planter:

While at the Royal this summer I made a point to
study the effect of breeding as evidenced by this won-
derful show. I studied my catalogue carefully and
asked many questions of the breeders. I found that
half the prize winners in one breed of sheep owed
their quality to one ram. T found that in both the
Shorthorn and Eereford classes that there were two
or three outstanding sires. In one case among the
Eerefords I was looking at a champion bull, and
glancing at the catalogue I found he had a full sister

in tin- show. 1 went to her -tall and found the red
ribbon tied to her head also.

This fact was especially noticeable in the Red Poll
breed, the dual purpose breed that is becoming more
and more popular in our country. Three bulls were
the sires of practically all the winners in that large
show of the breed. The two greatest bulls that have
ever been known in the breed are possibly Rufus and
Majiolini. I am almost willing to believe that these
two bulls have done most for the making of the breed.
Both were great show bulls. Majiolini was a Royal
winner over and over again. I think he holds an

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

809

unbroken record. This old bull still lives, and it
gave me pleasure to see him at his new home. The
thing that caught my attention was that the champion
cmv rmd the champion animal of the breed at the
Royal this year was sired by Majiolini. He was the
sire of two other females, and both were prize win-
ners. The three were pronounced by some the three
prettiest females in the show. It gives me pleasure
to present their photograph, though it does not do
them justice. You can see they are as like as three
peas. What a testimony to the value of blood in
breeding. Blood will tell. H. B. Arbuckxe.

Mii.nrclfon, W. Va.

BUYING CONCENTRATES FOR DAIRY COWS.

At tills season of the year the question of buying
feed for the winter is always an important one.
Three tilings to be taken into consideration are — first,
cost; second, total digestible matter; third, general
effect upon the animal. In some cases a fourth point
should be considered — viz., the amount of digestible
protein.

If all feeds were of equal feeding value the farmer
would naturally buy the one which could be obtained
at the lowest price per ton. But since some con-
tain a much larger amount of indigestible matter
than others, and since this is practically useless to the
animal, a more rational basis of price or valuation
would be upon the total digestible matter contained.
This is, however, impossible to determine by external
appearance or even by a simple chemical analysis.
Fortunately most of the common feeds have been
studied sufficiently to enable us to know approxi-
mately the amount of digestible matter which they
contain. The following table shows the cost of one
pound of digestible matter in the different feed stuffs
mentioned, if bought at the prices indicated, which
are the prevailing prices at the present time in cen-
tral Pennsylvania :

COST OF ONE POUND OF DIGESTIBLE MATTER IN SOME
COMMON FEED STUFFS AT THE PRICES GIVEN.

Price per Cost of Digestible

Feed. Ton matter per pound.

Wheat bran $23.00 2.00 cents.

*Corn (shelled) 21.43 1.31 cents.

( lorn and cob meal 19.14 1.35 cents.

Gluten Feed 22.60 1.45 cents.

Cottonseed meal 25.75 1.59 cents.

Linseed meal old process. 27.50 1.77 cents.

Malt sprouts 19.00 1.61 cents.

Dried distillers' grains. . 25.09 1.45 cents.

* 60c. per bushel.

| 60c. per bushel for corn on the ear plus 7c. for
grinding.

It will be seen from this table that the cost of one
pound of digestible matter varies greatly in these dif-

ferent materials at the present market prices. The
farmer should buy those feeds in which he can get
the largest amount of digestible matter for his money.
At the present price wheat bran is about our most
expensive feed. It is believed that the feeding value
of wheat bran has been somewhat overestimated in
many cases, and that 1he present market price is un-
warranted by its feeding value. It is seen that lin-
seed meal is also a comparatively expensive food.
It should be the aim of the feeder to substitute some
of the cheaper products for the expensive ones when-
ever practicable. As the table shows, the different
corn products, that is, gluten feed, dried distillers
grains, shelled corn, and corn-and-cob meal, are about
the least expensive at present prices.

Corn will probably remain the basis of most ra-
tions, as it should, but when it is fed with corn silage
and timothy hay or corn stover it usually becomes
necessary to buy some feed rich in protein. Cotton-
seed meal is the richest of our common feeds in this
respect. Bran is often bought for this purpose, but
as a matter of fact its percentage of digestible pro-
tein is not very high, while the large amount of in-
digestible matter which it contains, as already noted,
renders it a costly feed. Gluten feed and dried dis-
tillers grains, such as "Biles XXXX," and "Ajax
Flakes." contain much more digestible protein than
wheat bran and cost much less per pound of digesti-
ble matter. The valuation of a feed stuff based upon
protein alone would be altogether misleading. It is
much safer to base the valuation upon the total
amount of digestible matter and then choose among
the cheaper, some one rich in protein.

If clover or alfalfa hay (or cow pea or soy bean
hay. — Ed.) is fed the protein supply becomes less
important. The amount of protein required for a
dairy cow is not accurately known at present.
She certainly should have enough to maintain
her body and produce the protein of the milk.

The effect of the different feeds upon the health
of the animal must, of course, be taken into conside-
ration. In this respect there is nothing superior to
wheat bran and linseed meal, hut they are among our
most costly feeds. Cottonseed meal, especially when
fed heavily, may cause trouble if fed continuously
for a long period. When fed with corn or other
wholesome food there is no danger in feeding two or
three pounds per day, and much larger amounts than
these are fed by many persons, especially in the
South. There is more danger in feeding cottonseed
meal to hogs than to any other class of animals. In
feeding dairy cows it might be well to take into con-
sideration the fact that cottonseed meal produces a
hard butter fat, whereas linseed meal and gluten feed
produce a soft butter fat. During the summer
months this would be of more importance than during
the winter. Thos. I. Mairs.

Pennsylvania Experiment Station.

810

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

The Poultry Yard.

ARE YOUR POULTRY HOUSES WARM AND FREE
FROM DRAFTS.
1 lii- is a question to which it will pav every poul-
try Keeper to give attention. The nights now are
always cold. The days are often so. and both are
likely to be colder, liens will not lay well unless
the housi 9 are comfortably warm at nigbt, and they
are kept warm all 'lay by plenty of exercise in
scratching for their food. Drafts, above all other
things, are fatal to good laying. Even if a house
if it is free from drafts the hens may be
healthy awl may lay moderately, but in a drafty
roup is sure to make it- appearance, and "when
once this sets in laying will be over. At one of the
Experiment Stations two houses built exactly alike
of matched hoards with shingle roof were erected.
One of the^c was sheathed on the inside and this cov-
ered with paper. In each were placed 12 pullets.
the flocks being as nearly alike as possible. The
'locks were fed alike, having a morning mash of corn
meal, middlings and ground oats, and at nigbt whole
grain scattered in the litter. Fresh water, grit and
bone were placed where the hens could get them as
they wished. The laying test of the two lots began
•J4th Xovember, and was continued five months. The
pullets in the warm sheathed house laid the first
month S7 eggs, the second 130 eggs, the third 138
eggs, the fourth 120 eggs, the fifth 154 eggs. In
the cold house the hens laid the first month 39 eggs,
tin- second 106 eggs, the third 103 eggs, the fourth
124 eggs, the fifth 114 eggs. Totals, warm bouse,
ggs. ( oldhouse, 196 eggs. A difference of 133
The value of this number of eggs in excess of
those laid in the cold house would repav the cost of
sheathing tin- house the first year. Make sure that
you are not losing <"^n< by neglecting to have your
houses warm and comfortable. Make the fowls keep
themselves warm during the day by scratching for all
tin- grain food they rat. Keep them dry whilst do-
ing this.

CHICKEN CHATTER.

Never breed from a cowardly male.

Don't breed from a long-tailed bird.

The hen that will pav ha- a bright red i

The man who advertises is the man who sells his

StOck.

It generally take- eight week- to grow a squab

broiler.

April and May you will get the best price for
broilers.

i » n'i breed from pullets when you desire strong
chicks.

A year-old cock and a two-year old hen is an excel-
lent mating.

Don't Try to keep two breeds when you know how
to raise only one.

Better kill that inferior stock than your reputation
by trying to sell it.

Your laying prdlets shotdd be separated and fed
to promote egg production.

Know the requirements of your market and then
breed to those requirements.

If you pack fowls while still warm the skin will
very much discolored.

For the American market the yellow-skinned fowl
has much the better sale.

Unless you wish to depreciate the value of your
birds don't ship hens and cocks together.
. A dressed bird should never have dark pin feathers
in it. as it gives a dirty and unattractive appearance
to it.

Patience first, then watchfulness, care and hard
work is what makes the poultry industry a profitable
investment.

Broilers that are out in the early part of December
should he ready for market by the first part of Feb-
ruary.

Have your povdtry ready when the demand for it
i~ greatest; it is "Johnnie on the Spot" who succeeds
in this work.

It is claimed that equal parts of red pepper, alum.
rosin and sulphur will cure chicken cholera. Feed a
tablespoonful of this mixture in three pints of scald-
ed meal everv day.

ANIMAL FOOD FOR LATE MOLTING FOWLS.

fowls that have not finished molting require ani-
mal food. It is essential to a rapid molt at any sea-
son, and Tends to sustain the health and vitality of
the fowls and to increase the gloss and attractiveness
• f the aew feathers. It can be fed in the form of
prepared beef scraps kept constantly before the fowls,
rreen bone fed liberally three times per week,
i r waste meat (raw or boiled i ; parts of animals can
also be boiled for three or four hours and the liquor
or "beef Tea" mixed daily in The regular mashes.
Skim-milk is another valuable animal food that is
exceedingly beneficial. It can be fed sweel or thick,
sour and mixed with the mashes. The thick, sour
skim-milk will form a very palatable mash, and is
aore readily digested. The growth of feathers de-
mands protein or albumen, which is one of the main

constituents of annual t' Is. Vegetable foods are

also valuable. Feed grain sparingly. — Ediahle
Poultry Journal.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

811

The Horse.

THE COLT.

Nothing has more strongly impressed us in the
years we have spent in the South than the want of
care and attention which Southern farmers show for
the young animals of their stock. It matters not
whether the stock be horses, cows, sheep or hogs, the
same want of thought for them is seen. So long as
they can obtain their sustenance from the dam they
usually make good progress, but the effort always
seem to be to get them off the dams as soon as possi-
ble and to appropriate for themselves the work to be
gol "lit of the dam or the milk or other return to be
had from the stock, and the young oues are then
largely left to shift for themselves on such food as
can be found handily, whether adapted to their wants
or not. This is bad policy, and will never pay with
any kind of stock. Young animals have special
wants, which must be provided for or they cannot
make that growth which is essential to their future
profitableness and welfare. If the dam does her
duty to her offspring it will at the time when
able to begin eating be fat. If once this "sucking
fat'" is lost by want of proper food, care and atten-
tion, it is never put back again, except at a cost out
of all proportion to its worth, and rarely ever at any
cost. It may be taken as a sound axiom that the fu-
ture value of any animal for any purpose is deter-
mined by the care given it during the first year of its
life. What it does during that year will make or
mar its future. Especially is this true of the colt.
If from the time wheu it can eat it is not fed with
food which will supply the protein needed for the
making of bone and muscle it matters not what other
food is fed the colt will be a failure sooner or later.
This is true also of all other animals. In the first
year of life the bones and muscles are being formed,
and these cannot be built up out of carbo-hydrate
foods alone; they must have protein foods. To ex-
pect corn alone in the shape of grain and fodder to
supply this need is to expect the impossible. Where
tliis feed alone is fed the animal in the effort to se-
cure the needed protein stuffs itself with the food,
and only succeeds in making a "pot-bellied" animal,
with weak bones and muscles. Such an animal can
never afterwards compete successfully in the market
or on the road with one properly fed at the start.
We in the South have an abundance of feeds rich in
protein, and therefore there is no excuse for not meet-
ing the requirements of nature. Oats, peas, soy
b.-ans, beans, clover, alfalfa, cow pea hay, vetches,

and soy bean hay all are rich in protein. Any of
these fed in conjunction with corn and corn fodder
and the grass hays will make a ration for young ani-
mals on which they can build up their frames and
muscles and keep on their bones the "sucking fat"
with which their dams clothed them. They should
be encouraged to eat these foods as soon as they are
able to do so, and a choice of them should always
be provided to keep their appetites sharp and their
health good. For young colts nothing is better than
good, sound oats, bran and clover hay. They should
have access to these foods in an enclosure apart from
the mares, and will soon learn to go and help them-
selves, and at the same time learn to be contented and
happy when the mares are away from them working.
This is a very important matter. When not early
taught the colts fret themselves when the mares are
out of their sight, and lose flesh and become soured
in temper. To avoid this many farmers allow the
colts to run after the mares all day long when they
are working. This is a bad practice, as it simply
uses up the feed which should go to the development
of the colt in maintaining its acquired growth and
strength. Teach them early to be contented in the
stable, barn or pasture in the absence of the mare,
and then when weaned they will, if properly sup-
plied with food, suffer no deterioration. All young
animals should be handled from birth and taught to
look upon their owners and those having the care of
them as friends, in whom they can place perfect con-
fidence. Especially is this important with colts.
Halter them soon after they are born and teach them
to be led. This done, the breaking them to harness
and work will be an easy task. They will not be
afraid of either the harness or the cart. Above all
things, lie kind to a young animal ; teach him to love
and not fear you, and then his temper in after life
will be an asset of £rreat value in the market.

NOTES.

Kelly, 2 :27, son of Electioneer, 125, and the great
brood mare Esther, thoroughbred daughter of Ex-
press, has been so well patronized that my lease on the
bay stallion has been renewed with his owner, James
Cox, of Mt. Jackson, Va., and he will be again kept
for service at my private stable, 1102 Hull street,
Manchester, Va., during 1905. Ninety-two mares
were booked, and over 80 of them have already been
served this season. Among these were a number of
matrons of real class, of which some were shipped
from quite a distance. On the score of breeding,

812

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Kelly stands very high. He was sired by Elec-
tioneer, who got 166 in the list, among the world's
champions, Arion, 2 :07$, sold for $125,000 at two
years old; Sunol, 2:08£, and Palo Alto, 2:08f,
while in addition his Bona and daughters have bred on
wirli marvellous results. Esther, though strictly
thoroughbred, nicked well with trotting blood, and
besides Kelly, Bhe produced the famous Expressive,
3, 2:12j : Express, 2:21, and Elwina, 2, 2:27§, while
her daughters Extra and Effie arc also great, brood
mares. A horse <>f exquisite quality and finish,
Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, while
in temper and disposition no horse ever excelled him.

THE CHAMPION SHIKE HOESE OB ENGLAND IX 1904

"sruor I.m.v SCTLOX."

He weighs 1,900 pounds at 2 years and 8 months old.

rhere is not a better mannered four-year-old trot-
ter in the Valley of Virginia, and with good behavior
he Bhows speed, too, than the big brown gelding Bar-
light, owned by James Cox at Belgravia Farm, by
whom he was purchased as a yearling from his breed-
er, L. Triplett, Jr., the well known lawyer of Mt.
Jackson. Barlighl now Btands 16.1 in height, and at
maturity will weigh probably right around 1,300
pounds, lie was sired by Kelly. 2:27, dam Fannie,
a gray daughter of Sam Pnrdy, 2:204, second dam
M'n-ir, dam of Hazel Bashaw, 21 t63, jiacing record
2:31, by Traveller. Hazel Bashaw, bod of Bashaw,
Jr., 2:24$, formerly owned by Dr. D. D. Carter,
Woodstock, Va., is credited with two standard per-
formers in Belle Truit, 2:24], and the gray pacing
gelding Doctor H., 2:22]. The size ,,f Barlight
doubtless comes as an inheritance from his sire's side,
and the brown gelding is a credit to Kelly. The lat-

ter has a full sister in the famous Expressive, 3,
2:124, who stands 16.2 and weighs about 1,300
pounds, while their dam, Esther, the thoroughbred
daughter of Express, was full 16 hands. Another in-
stance of transmission of great size, and a notable
one, is that of Whips, 2 :27, son of Electioneer and
thoroughbred Lizzie Whips, who got the giant trotter

Azate, 2 :04J.

Jf.9l.SI

The good gray mare Grandma, thoroughbred
daughter of imp. Woodlands and Pomona, by Ten
Broeck, owned here by E. S. Engleking, was bred in
1904 to Aloha, and the prospective produce will be
entered in the Futurity and other important stakes.
Grandma's foal of 1904, a bay filly by Aloha, died
when four days old. The daughter of Woodlands
raced well for her present owner, and for him she
was a good winner at the fairs in Virginia, North
< larolina ami Soiith Carolina. Pomona, the dam of
Grandma, also produced the speedy gelding Hand-
press, who, at nine years old, in 1904, won at five-
eiohtbs of a mile in California, and did the distance
in 59L

„< Jt j*

William Garth, who trains for J. E. Lane, of Es-
mont, Va., has probably the best stable of steeple-
chasers sent out from Virginia this season, and win-
ners have been furnished in Imperialist, Mr. Church-
bill, Charley Moore, and others. In addition to his
jumpers, however, Mr. Lane has some eight or ten
choicely bred and promising Yearlings that are being
handled by T. B. Doswell at Bullfield Farm, and
these will be raced next season. At Woodmond and
Hattondale Farm, where Burlington, "the gentleman
in black," holds court, there are some choicely bred
mares, and their produce by the handsome son of
Powhatan and imp. Invercauld will be showing up
as winners before very long. Burlington was a fine
race horse, and won the Criterion Stakes, Pelham
Handicap, Brooklyn Derbv, Belmont, the Trial and
Tidal Stakes, and other important events.
J* ot jt

Virginia horses did well in the jumping and hun-
ter classes at the New Vork Horse Show last month,
among those that carried off prizes being Elevator,
Buck, Garnett Ripple, Colonel Hawkins, Lucy
Sutherland,, Up-to-Date. Chappie Lee, Tip Top and
others. Elevator, the big gray gelding, by Eleve,
thoroughbred son of Eolus, was sold bv his owner.
John Stewart Bryan, of Richmond, during the show
to the wealthy New Vorker, Frederick G. Bourne,
who paid $l,.r>00 for the horse. Elevator was bred
at Laburnum Farm by Mr. Joseph Bryan and passed
from him to his son, Mr. Stewart Bryan. The dam
of the tall gray gelding was Kitsey, a daughter of the
trotting stallion F. F. V., son of Mambrino Patchen,
58. Broad Rock.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

813

Miscellaneous.

VARIETIES OF WHEAT, CORN, ETC., GROWN
THE STATE OF VIRGINIA.

We invite the attention of the farmers of Virginia
to the following- communication received by lis from
Prof. Soule, the Dh'ector of the Virginia Experi-
ment Station^ and ask that they will comply with
the request therein contained. It will mean much to
the farmers of the State to establish a reputation for
the production of varieties of wheat, corn, etc, spe-
cially adapted for specific objects. — -Ed.

Editor Southern Planter:

Will you not be kind enough to request subscrib-
ers to the Southern Planter in Virginia who are
engaged in the production of named varieties of
wheat, corn, etc., to advise us of that fact. We are
frequently requested to inform, not only Virginia
farmers, but those residing in almost every section
of the United States, where they can obtain certain
named varieties of wheat, corn, or other cereals pro-
duced in the State. It is thus a matter of pecuniary
interest to every breeder of corn and wheat to post
the Station authorities on what they are doing. We
lielieve that with the information desired at hand the
Station can be made of great service to seed pro-
ducers in the State.

In onr work at the Tennessee Station we found two
varieties of corn native to Virginia possessing quali-
ties of unusual merit. These were Cocke's Prolific
and Virginia Ensilage. The combination of soil
and climate found in Virginia ensures the successful
development of varieties of corn adapted for culture
in the States lying to the South. Therefore the
breeding of special varieties on a commercial basis
will provide a profitable industry for many Virginia
farmers. This is a phase of our agriculture that
has been overlooked entirely. We have been pur-
chasing too much seed wheat, corn, etc., from other
States, and not raising enough of our own. We can
grow varieties better adapted to our own needs than
we can purchase elsewhere.

We should also like to have a list of those engaged
in the production of improved strains of cereals in
the State in order that we may secure small samples
of these grains for testing on our experimental plats,
and for analysis as well. The writer has always be-
lieved that Southern farmers could grow winter
wheat to advantage, and that this wheat would be
the equal of that produced in any other section of the
United States. It is hardly necessary to say that in-
vestigations along this line were carried on at the
Tennessee Experiment Station, and a report publish-
ed as Bulletin No. \. Vol. XVT. These results were

so strikingly in favor of Southern grown wheat that
it created an unusual interest in the subject, and it
would seem advisable to duplicate the experiments
on a larger scale. We are, therefore particularly
anxious to have the addresses of all persons interested
in the growing of well established varieties of wheat,
so that we may obtain samples from them for analysis
and baking tests.

It is also my opinion that corn produced in the
South is likely to prove richer in protein than that
grown in other sections of the country. This is large-
ly atributable to our climatic conditions. We pro-
pose, therefore to undertake an extensive investiga-
tion to establish the relative merits of Southern
grown corn for the production of protein, and to de-
termine as far as possible the influence of soil and
climate on the same.

If you will publish this communication in your
valuable paper, you will confer a great favor on us,
and I trust that the farmers of Virginia who are
already interested in this matter, and especially
those who are endeavoring to establish or improve
standard varieties of wheat and corn will notify us
of the fact so that we may be able to secure samples
for the prosecution of the work as outlined above.

Believe me to be, with best wishes,
Very respectfully,

Andrew M. Soule,
Dean and Director.

SUGAR FROM CORN STALKS.

Perhaps the greatesl new source of wealth that for
the first time has been publicly demonstrated at the
St. Louis Exposition, is the discovery of Prof. F. L.
Stewart, of Murrysville, Pa., that sugar of equal
quality and quantity may be secured from suitable
cornstalks as from the sugar cane of the South. The
jurors of the exposition, recognizing the immense
value of Prof. Stewart's revelation, have awarded
him a gold medal, one of the highest awards possible.

The manufacture of sugar from the cornstalk is
practicable in all that great territory between the
sugar lielt of the South and the short-season territory
of the North. A company is now being incorporated
and the capital is secured, to erect large factories for
developing the Stewart process. One factory will be
erected soon near Fort Worth, Texas, and another in
Maryland, and others will, no doubt, follow in many
districts in the suitable latitudes.

Prof. Stewart has discovered and fully demon-
strated in the past few years that if the ear of the

814

THE SOUTHERN' PLANTER.

[December,

maizo (of suitable variety) is removed at a certain
time i near the roasting-ear condition), the nature of
the planl in further growth will be changed, and its
sugar-making properties will he raised from say 6.70
to L3.80 per cent., as in one Beries of teal — i. e.. 12
of sugar may lc obtained from the
juice of -talks so operated noon. Maize plants have
en known to contain sugar in the juice of the
terns, and many times efforts have been made
to utilize ii ; but this has hitherto been commercially
unprofitabli — the juice containing too little sugar at
i its natural stages, and that obtained was as-
sociated with relatively larg is of impuri-
ties.

On accouii sat value of the other products

to be secured through the Stewart process, the sugar
might be considered as a by-product, or its actual
cost figured as low .is one cent per pound for the high-
est grade (96 per cent.) of unrefined sugar. Unlike
unrefined beet sugar, but like that of cane sugar, the
maize cane sugar has naturally a fine flavor, adapting
it for common use as well as for refining. The pro-
duct- i if the plant under the new process will he —
first, the ear, suitable for food products or the silo;
second, sugar products, including white crystal, yel-
low and Becond-grade sugars, table syrup, molasses
and levulose, and molasses stock feed ; third, the cel-
lulose products, including paper pulps, five grades of
cellulose, and viscous pyroxylin, amyloid and fine
charcoal. These products of the cellulose structure
of the stalk are used in the manufacture of many
commodities demanded in the arts — for making cellu-
loid, collodion, sizing, varnishes, transparent films,
incandescent lamp filaments, artificial silk, gun cot-
ton, smokeless powder, and manv other purposes.
The dean fiber and the cellular matter products re-
sult directly from the previous ouerations required to
extract the sugar, SO that the process is profitable at
every stage.

To tesl thoroughly the practicability of this pro-
evera] varieties of com have been trrown in
widely difTorenl localities between the 30tb parallel
and the southern limit of the beet sugar region, about
latitude 4 * > degrees, and analytical and manufactur-
Jts have realized all the early promise of Prof.
Stewart-- experiment-. In 1898, at Murrysville,
Pa., 12.64 'o L8.68 per cent, of sucrose was found in
stalks; in 1899, process stalk
.■ind juice samples from Elkhorn Valley, Neb., yield-
ed 12.61 to 13.6 per cent, of sucrose in the jnl
ton- of trimmed -talks t., the acre) : in Pino, in Ven-
tura county. Cab. i::.l per cent o and PI
per con!, of invert sugar were found in the juice,
with process-Stalk tonnage of 17', tons per acre, irri-
gated: in PIOO, similar results were found in South

Carolina, C! -gja and Pennsylvania tests. Upon Hie

'basis of 12 per cent, of sugaT in the juice, the esti-
mate was made by a noted sugar expert, Mr. Edward
Wolfbauer, of New York, that the yield of sugar per
t. hi of the corn cane and its cost and value, at about
rates, would be :

PRODUCT PEE TOX OF STALKS.

First sugar, 102. 7 lb $6.89

Second sugar, 26.3 lb 91

.Molasses (very low av.) 15

$7.95
Less brokerage and freight 15

$7.80

Stalks — cosl per ton $2.00

Stalks — transportation 30

Stalks— manufacturing 2.50 4.80

Profit per ton stalks $3.00

i >r 38.5 per cent., without including any considera-
tion of the exhausted chips for paper pulp, or for the
other products we have mentioned. The quality of
the pulp from the exhausted matter is superior to that
from straw or wood. One variety of maize tested
yielded at the rate of one ton of sugar to the acre,
and 4,000 pounds if dry pulp and 2,500 pounds of
food products, the latter being equivalent in value to
50 bushels of ripened corn. It is intended to manu-
facture sugar, cellulose and other products at the
same works. — P. E. H., in Country Gentleman.
St. Ponis, November 19th.

THE LEGUMINOUS CROPS AS FACTORS IN THE
CHEAP PRODUCTION OF MILK.

We have repeatedly urged on farmers the import-
ance of studying the question of the most profitable
rations to be fed to milch cattle, and especially the
importance of feeding rations rich in protein as part
of tin feed. The production of milk is a nervous
function, depending largely not so much in the rich-
no-- of tbe food fed as upon the influence exerted by
that food on the nervous organization of the cow.
Protein food* have been found much more influen-
tial in this action than the carbo-hydrates, and

hence their f ling in due proportion is most es-

-eniial iii securing a constant yield of milk. The
question of the particular form of the protein food
to be fed is one of great importance in calculating
i of the milk. Bran, as is well understood
by most dairy farmers, is most valuable as a pro-
lucer of milk. It is rich in protein but it is usually
costly, and with wheat selling at oyer $1 per bushel
is likely to be still more costly. The legumes, like

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

815

alfafa, cow peas, soy beans and clover are all espe-
cially rich in protein, and can well be substituted for
bran. Cotton seed meal and old process linseed
meal are also rich protein feeds, but are costly when
compared with the leguminous crops. Prof. Soule
conducted a series of experiments at the Tennessee
Experiment Station on this question of the cheapest
form of protein food for production of milk and
butler, and thus summarizes the results:

1. The cost of producing milk and butter can be
greatly reduced by replacing a part of the concen-
fcrates in the daily ration of the cow with some rough-
ness rich in protein, such as alfalfa or cow pea hay.

2. A ton of alfalfa or pea hay can be produced at a
cost of $3 to $5 per ton, whereas wheat bran costs
$20 to $25. As a yield of from 2 to 3 tons of pea
hay and from 3 to 5 tons of alfalfa can be obtained
from an acre of land, it is easy to see the great ad-
vantage the utilization of these roughnesses in the
place of wheat bran gives the dairyman.

3. In substituting alfalfa hay for wheat bran it
will be best in practice to allow one and one-half
pounds of alfalfa for each pound of wheat bran, and
if the alfalfa is fed in a finely chopped condition the
results will prove more satisfactory.

4. When alfalfa was fed under the most favor-
able conditions, a gallon of milk was obtained for
5.7 cents and a pound of butter for 10.4 cents. When
pea hay was fed the lowest cost of a gallon of milk
was 5.2 cents and a pound of butter was 9.4 cents.
In localities where pea hay grows well it can be
utilized to replace wheat bran, and in sections where
alfalfa can be grown it can be substituted for pea hay
with satisfaction.

5. These results covering two years' tests with
different sets of cows, furnish proof that certain
forms of roughness rich in digestible protein can be
substituted with satisfaction for the more expensive
concentrates, and should lend great encouragement
to dairy farmers.

6. These tests indicate that with alfalfa hay at
$10 a ton and wheat bran at $20, the saving effected
by substituting alfalfa for wheat bran would be $2.80
for every 100 pounds of butter and 19.8 cents for
every 100 pounds of milk. The farmer could thus
afford to sell his milk for 19.8 cents a hundred less
than he now receives, and his butter for about 22, as
compared with 25 cents a pound.

A GREAT JERSEY VICTORY.

The computations of the results in the St. Louis
Dairy Demonstration have been now carried to such
a point that the relative standing of the two great
rival dairy breeds (the Jerseys and Holsteins') may
be correctly stated.

In Test "A" — herds and individual cows entered
for demonstrating the economic production of butter
fat and butter — the value of butter in the case of
the Jersey herd has been determined as $1710.403.
The cost of feed consumed by them during the 120
days of the test has been valued at $722,507, leaving
■a iid profit to the credit of the Jersey herd of $987.-
S96, or $39.51 profit per cow.

The net profit ^f the Holstein herd in this test is
$29.20 per cow. So that the Jerseys have been de-
monstrated to be the more economical producers of
butter tn the amount $10.31 per cow in 120 days.

Test "B" was for herds and individual cows en-
tered for demonstrating the economic production of
milk for all purposes relating to dairying. In this
test the Jerseys produced fat valued at $1743.206,
and solids other than fat valued at $327,073. Total
value of product, $2070.279. Cost of feed to pro-
due,, same, $722,507, leaving a net profit of $1347.-
772, or $53.91 per cow.

In Test "B" the net profit of the Holstein herd is
$46.85 per cow. Thus the Jerseys prove the more
profitable producers of milk for all purposes of
dairying by $7.06 per cow for the 120 days.

As an economical producer of both milk and butter
the Jersey, therefore, appears as leader in the great-
est public test ever conducted, and justifies all that
her friends have claimed for her. R. M. Gow.

November 15, 1904.

FEEDING THE TURKEYS.

The turkeys do not go so far on the range now, as
the cold nights come on, but wait for a morning feed
before starting out. They are making rapid growth.
As we have only oats and corn, we feed a good many
oats, as that is the best to s;row frame. New oats
just threshed are not a good food, as I have found
to my sorrow, but at this time of the year after the
oats have gone through a sweating process they will
not hurt the turkeys if they are not fed to excess.

New corn is not good for them, but if it is shelled
and boiled, it is one of the best and safest foods that
can be given to aid growth and put on flesh.

I remember that some years ago when we did not
have thoroughbred turkeys I had fine success with
my mixed flock until they were attacked by lice from
lousy hogs. We lost a good many and believed that
they were dying with cholera, but now we know that
the trouble was caused by feeding green corn, pro-
viding too little grit, and by the lice. I knew noth-
ing of commercial grit then. We pounded up bro-
ken dishes and the birds improved for a while, but
they still ate the green corn, and we did not know
about the lice. If hogs are lousy the lice will get on
the turkeys and often prove fatal. If one must feed
new corn, it must lie boiled ; it is then easily digested

816

THE SOUTHEKX PLANTER.

[December,

and (lees away with dangers caused bv indigestion.
It should never be fed hot, for I believe that warm
food i- one cause of roup, as I have seldom bad a
>ase of roup Bince I discontinued feeding warm food.
Mrs. Chas. Jones, u Poultry Journal.

MORE EGGS IN WINTER.
Transferring mature pullets to strange quarters
retards egg production. The early pullets should be
comfortably and permanently settled in their winter
quarters early in the fall. They should receive a
liberal allowance of animal and vegetable foods,
oyster shells and grit, in addition to the whole grain
and ma-he-, and should commence laving tins month.
The pullets are heavier layers in their first year than
the hens, and fur this reason they should constitute
the flock of winter layers. The average egg-produc-
tion of the pullets con be i each year bv
breeding from the greatest layers. During the first
winter the laying ability of each pullet is noted,
either by trap-nests or by constant observation of the
pullet- on the ne-^t : the next year 'he greatest layers
of these pullets in >w yearling hens) are fed lightly
during the winter and placed in the breeding pens the
following reason. Tin- merited of constantly breed-
:,,m- from the heaviest egg-producers will rapidly in-
e yield of the females, and will es-
tablish :> heavy laying -train in any variety. — Rc-
liable Poultry Journal.

ASSOCIATION FIXES TOBACCO SCHEDULES.

The Interstate i Virginia and North Carolina) To-
i re' Protective Association ha- adopted a
seale of prices for leaf tobacco. Tt is claimed that
this organization now ha- ahoul 7,000 members, who
are pledged i" held their crops for prices scheduled
by the executive committee of th e Association, which
ppointed to establish equitable value-. This
committee reported tha uthern farmers on

an average LOc. per pound to raise their tobai
have it ready for market. Last season the Southern
crop, they say, returned oo1 over 7c. per

pound. The following scale is figured on

ati average basis of I2ic, which i- co nsidered
able both from th" growers' and buyers' standpoint:

Lemon wrappi i ''• '" 65c. per

pound; orange wrappers, 20@60c; bright mahog-
any wrapper-. L8(a)35c ; da c. ; bright fill-
,.,-, L0 a 20c. : mah >gai . ; dark red fillers,
L6c; dark fillers, 8(3 L6c. ; tips, 8(5. 12Jc;
brighl exporl leaf. I8@35c; cutters, do.; bright
smokers, 10(5 18c; heavy smoker-. 10(3 16c; fillers.
lugs, do. : low grades and trash. 5 i

Varieties of Corn for Planting— Soy Beans.

1. What is your opinion of the Southern Snow-
flake? Is it an early or a late corn, and will it suit
hill and lew grounds '.

■1. What corn do yon think best suited to poor
hills that will make about five barrels to the acre?

3. Do yon think it will pay to raise soja beans here
for hogs and feed. A Subscriber.

Fluvanna Co., Va.

1. The White Snowflake corn is a good bill land
corn, but not so well adapted for low ground, as some
other varieties. It is a quick growing variety and
makes excellent roasting ears. It does not grow very
tall, but makes a good yield.

2. Hickory King is one of the best varieties for
thin ttpland.

3. Yes. We know a number of farmers who grow
large areas of soy beans for hogs and for a forage
crop. We have a high opinion of the soy bean as a
forage crop. It is more easily cured than cow pea
hay and makes a heavy yield on good land, and will
make a good crop on poorer land than cow peas. —
Ed.

The Secretary of Agriculture in bis report says:
"The chief purpose of investigations in fruit market-
ing has been the determination of methods best adapt-
ed to the harvesting, packing, storing, and forwarding
of fruits to points relatively distant, with a view t<>
developing a wider demand for them. Much atten-
tion has therefore been given to the development of
the trans-Atlantic export trade. Large and profit-
dpments of Bartlett pears were made from
Eastern orchards to British markets. It is known
that more than 75,000 packages of this varietv were
exported, while the total shipments of Eastern grown
summer and fall pears amounted to at least 165 car
loads.

"An encouraging beginning has been effected in
commercial shipments of American apples to Erencb
The most important experimental export
work has been done upon winter apples. The pro-
portion exported has risen from less than 1 per cent.
of the estimated total in 1S09-1000 to nearly 4:? pier
cent, in 1903-1904 — a total of over 5.000.000 bar-
rels, valued at nearly $5,500,000."

The stable of runners sent out from Greenwav
Farm, Wilcox Wharf. Va., this season and raced
under |! !J. Bradley & Co.. won over $8,000

at the Chicago tracks, of which amount $4,125 stands
endit sd to Ahola, bay filly, 4. Aloha, dam Mrs.
Stuart, by Panique.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

817

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

PI

RICHMOND, VA.

Issued on 1st of each Month.

J. F. JACKSON,

Editor and General Manager.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD.

Business Manager.

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING,
Rate card furnished on application.

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to

subscribers In tbe United States and Canada

at 60c. per annum; all foreign countries and

tbe city of Richmond, 75c.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti-
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains,
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known.
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel-
come. Contributions sent us must not be
furnished other papers until after tbey have
appeared In our columns. Rejected matter
will be returned on receipt of postage.

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en-
quiries will receive attention.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to
this office, either by Registered Letter or
Money Order, which will be at our risk.
When made otherwise we cannot be respon-
sible.

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to
what time your subscription Is paid.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their pa-
per promptly and regularly, will confer a
favor by reporting tbe fact at once.

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of tbe Post-
Offlce to which your paper Is sent. Your
name cannot be found on our books unless
this la done

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

RICHMOND, VA.

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond.
Va.. as second-class matter.

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S
COLUMN.

Thistles 793

Charges for Sale of Live Stock. . . 793

Growing Onions from Plants 793

Sow Failing to Breed 794

Corn and Annual Clover 794

Improving Land for Peanuts and

Corn 794

Smoke House — Curing and Smok-
ing Meat 795

Corn Stalks 795

Lime for Corn Land — Paragon

Chestnuts 795

Diarrhoea in Chickens 796

Artichokes 796

Preparing for Alfalfa 796

Improving Land in Alabama 797

Red Clover — Lawn Grass 797

Fumigating Stable and Born 797

To Advertisers.

We wish to impress upon our
advertisers the necessity of send-
ing in all advertisements and mat-
ter pertaining to advertising, by
the 25th of each month.

January Issue.

Our January issue will, as
usual, be our regular Holiday
Number. We are going to make
it surpass all our previous efforts,
both as to appearance and contents.
We will look for the usual co-ope-
ration of our subscribers in help-
ing us to extend our circulation,
and will therefore have a copy of
the Holiday Number with which
to start all subscriptions. We
think this issue alone will be worth
the price of the year's subscription.

Advertisers are urgently re
quested to send in their copy at the
earliest possible moment for their
convenience as well as our own.
There will not be enough space to
go around — at least there wasn't
in any previous similar number.

To Subscribers.

We are just on the verge of the
usual tremendous rush in our sub-
scription department. > We are,
therefore, going to ask the indul-
gence and patience of our readers
in handling their subscriptions and
club orders. If you do not get
your papers promptly, rest assur-
ed they will be along in 10 days or
two weeks at the most. We will
greatly appreciate prompt atten-
tion to bills and notices, which are
now being sent out. Beginning
with December issue, all subscrib-
ers will receive their papers in a
separate wrapper. No figures will
appear opposite the name, as for-
merly, but you will always be re-
minded in ample time to renew
your subscription.

Po^iltr^
Supplies.

If you want eggs during the win-
ter, you must feed Animal Foods,
such as

Meat Meal,
Beef Scraps,
Blood Meal,

Bone Meal,

to take the place of the insects,
worms, etc., which poultry get in
summer. OYSTER SHELLS and
GRIT are also prime necessities..

Write for Prices and Catalogue tell-
ing what to use for Success and profit
with Poultry.

T. vV. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

We carry complete stocks of Cyphers'

Incubators and Brooders, Poultry

Foods, Egg Producers, Lice and

Insect Powders, Poultry

Remedies, etc.

Helpful Catalogue mailed free.

SAN JOSE SCALE

and other INSECTS killed by

GOOD'S

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3

Endorsed by U. S. Pept. of Agri. and State Experiment;
Stations. Tins soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti-
cide. 50-1 h. keps,$2.50; 100-lb. kegs, g4.M); half barrel.
2701b., 3je perlb; barrel, 4251b., 3*c. Send for Hook Irt
JAMEKUOOll. Original Maker. *

989.41 .V Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

FRAZER

r\XIC UrCttSC the world.
Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ae
rually outlasting 3 bxs. any otber brand
Not affected by beat. *9"Get the Genuine
FOK SALE BY ALL DEALERS.

FUMA

and

Grain Insects. "The
wheels of the gods grind
slow but exceedingly
small." So the weevil, but you can stop their

w?£ " Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" ale SS5'

8DWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Yan, N. Y.

Krausers' Liquid
Extract of Smoke

kes meat perfectly In a
dt* from hickory wood.
r. f'leaner,<;he.l|*r. No

K. KKADSKK & IiK<

BANK OF RICHMOND,

Main and Tenth Streets.

CAPITAL AND PROFITS, - $1,134,938.14.

Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence invited.
Three per cent, interest allowed in Savings Department,

Compounded semi-annually.

818

THE SOUTH K UN PLANTER.

[December,

SALES AT BACON HALL.
Southern Planter:

With pleasure we report the follow-
ing sales. Note much better inquiry
for registered stock, and we still stick
to the motto. "Satisfaction or no sale."

Having a son of the champion Berk-
shire, at St. Louis, at the head of our
Berkshires, can furnish some prime
pigs.

Sales Hereford*. — Louis de Lacroix,
of North Carolina. 1 bull; T. J. Meyers,
of Maryland, 14 head Herefords; Honu-
quero Central Co. of Cuba, "Giltedge,"
a short 2-year-old. weighing 1,100
pounds; Herbert Hooper, of Maryland,
"Bacon Hall," extra well formed Feb-
ruary calf.

Berkshires. — J. T Sharpless, of
Pennsylvania, boar; Frank Walter, of
Virginia, sow; T. J. Myers, of Mary-
land bred sow.

Muscovy Ducks. — H. S. Bowen, of
Virginia. 4 head; C. M. Bolton, of Vir-
ginia, 1 diake. Yours truly,
E. M. Gillet & 8

Bacon Hall Farm.

WIRE FENCE.:1-..:. ,:,;;,•":;;:
Seno for |.n. ■ . ' . r . I I; I r. catalnrUI t V- ire
• 'II nil, lin. of. fen.- Mipplles.
W.tt. MASON & CO., Box BO l.ccsburr.Ohio.

rfe- v>T-.4

tTlCtkB f*K" STRONCEST

)0&TARM FENCE

L>UW gl price AND OUALITY

t 1 I i WILL PLEASE YOU —
i=^l— => WRITE US NOW.

•DOW WIRE WORKS- LnutswiLLiKY.

BEATS ALL WSS.VeVSS
acwe ntns TO MAKE MONEY

B. B. FENCE CO., Peru, Ind.

ui^^Li^LIWN FENCE

»:< >»k»»5I"i »»»:

Many designs. Cheap M

» i. ■ [■■»►•'' Qitt-lOgBC

f -■■,■. >[« rial Pritf to On.' ■
Irrlr.^dlhurThr-u AddrC'S

TBBOam

FREIGHT,

y.iiflo.'JSt.rl win c n
VTS PZR ROD DELITERED gH

~A

..___..

Genuine spiral Spring Wire

FENCES AND GATES

goods In stock vou cm buvdlrec

■•rice. Wrlti

for Catalogue and secure agency

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO.
Columbus. Ohio.

GINSENG & RAWFURS
Wanted; full valae for yaur goods. Wr1f»
for price lists. Aearesa H. C. MBTCALF
Alstead, N. H.

PAGE POULTRY FENCE

THE STJND-UP KIND

-po^t

made of the same- strop? quality of coiled wire as

Page Stock Fences— stretches up like a fence, requires

Is ji a 26 or 2d horizontal wires. 4$. 5». 72

es high, with bottom spaces only Ht inches the intermediate horizontal

r 14 and stand a str.u
pounds each, while the t"
and bottom wire are even large .
All wires are heavily.

A POWERFUL FENCE

-Fences poultry in. stock ODl
no more erected than common nettint-s
and will outlast 20 of them If you \v
to pasture your bull next to your poultry

rard n.. other poultry fence will do. Leading poultrymen all ove
dorse Page Poultry Fences Our catalogue tells why they are better
i nothing to Investigate.

90 DAYS' FREE TRIAL-,1;?,

_ tell

rnrr niDlllP If II ICC To a" needing fencimr. who will write for catalogue.
rnCC rAnlllU MllrC we will send a sample of our wire made up into a

Parimr Knife, which illustrates the superior quality of open-hearth, high-carbon steel

used in the manufacture of Paee Wire

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., Box 5118, Adrian, Michigan^/

HERE'S A FEED GRINDER.

We have been greatly interested in
the Latest Ditto's Feed Grinder, for it
has revolutionized the grinding of ear
corn and other grains. A large num-
ber of our subscribers purchased the
Ditto last year and are extremely en-
thusiactic in its praises Mr. Ditto
seems very confident of the truth of
every claim be make- to: it, for he
authorizes us to say that he will send
to any responsible farmer one of his
two-horse sweep mills lor 10 days' free
trial, with no money in advance. He
guarantees that it will grind at least
20 per cent, more grain than any other
two hcrse sweep mill, ana be easier on
the horses at that. Its light draft is
due to the fact that it is the only ball-
bearing sweep made; it is triple-geared
and by an ingenious arrangement the
grinding rings are held apart when the
mill is running empty, so that they
never much or -rind upon each other.
This, of course, makes for long life of
grinding rings — a most important con-
sideration.

Mr. Ditto can be depended upon to
live up to every agreement he makes,
and we trust that our readers who
need a grinder will take advantage of
blfi liberal offer. Send to him (G. M.
Ditto, Box 48. Joliet. 111.) for his
grinder booklet. You'll be interested.

A rake is mighty useful as"a garden
tool, but it makes a poor curry-comb
for your horse. It's a worse mistake.
though, using common soap to shave
with. Even the best laundry or toilet
vhen used for shaving, will do
for your skin just what a rake would
do to your horse's hide. Williams
Shaving Soaps are made especially
for shaving by people who have been
at it since 1840; and they have learned
a good many things. Take advantage
of the offer made elsewhere in this
paper and you will reap the fruits of
their 65 years' study.

BOARD FENCING

Has many
Advantages

iue Titrss .v i u'lf. rang
oranii,

OJ Doftn A»p , I Iceland, II

W R « • F F, N >

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard sieel slays, uou
ed spring wire, Sore Grip Lock. In strength
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can
Dot be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO.. Cuyahoga Falls. 0

Union lock
Poultry
Fencing

As It Look* Tl7o.ii Erected

Strongest and Best

By Every Test.

Has Iwn fullv tested hv len.linf ponltrvmen.
mesh tor

Ire. OTerl.NWro -

"d Poultry )'inn..\™ Jersey. You
will be pleased with it.

Our Low Price win Surprise You.

We win ship from mills in Connecticut, Illi-
nois and Call rornia. and guarantee pr-.mp- '
[■very. ( :,tul„gueof Farm and Poultry F
InK sent Ire,.

Write Us What You Want.
Do It To-Day.

CASE BROTHERS,
1 6-22 Main St., Colchester, Conn.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

819

ARTESIAN
WELLS.

Many of the readers of this
magazine do not know that we
make a spec-
ialty of drill-
in g artesian
wells. We have
drilled the
most notable
wells in the
states of

Virginia
and North
Carolina.

Among them
the wells for
the Jefferson
and Murphy's
Hotels in Rich-
mond.

If interested,
write for
prices.

SYDNOR

PUMP and WELL
COMPANY,

* INC. *

Box 949, ■ RICHMOND, VA,

INTERNATIONAL
KEROSENE ENGINES

Stationary, Portable, Ma-
rine, for Lighting, Pump-
ing and Hoisting Outfits, all
kinds of machinery, Laun-
ches and Boats. Send for
catalogue and prices.
INTERNATIONAL POWER
VEHICLE CO., 354 Third
St., Macon, Ga.

EASY to DEHORN

ith little

Leaves stump so that it

Is quickly. The KEYSTONE

sold on a money back

Send for free booklet

giving valuable dehorning facts.

M. T. Phillips, Box 45, Pomeroy.Pa.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

STUFFED PARTRIDGES.

This is a new way to cook birds,
and you will find it most satisfactory
for a game supper. Select the birds
that are very little shot about the
body, pick them, and prepare as you
do a turkey or chicken for roasting.
Pour hot water through the body until
all the blood is washed out, then rub
inside with a little salt and celery
seed. Make a stuffing of bread crumbs,
salt, pepper and butter, and fill each
bird; tie them up and roast until a
nice brown, basting constantly. Serve
one to each guest in a nest of curled
parsley or celery leaves.

STEWED BRAINS.

Wherever I go I see brains fried,
scrambled, or broiled, but I never see
them stewed, and they are much more
delicious that way than any other. If
you do not believe it, just get a set of
brains from your butcher, and pour
boiling water over them. This makes
the skin come off more easily. After
the skin has been removed let them
stand a little while in cold water with
a little salt in it to whiten. Then put
them into a pan with a cup of milk
and let them stew gently for ten or
twelve minutes. Add a teaspoon of
butter, salt, pepper to taste, and serve
very hot with buttered toast. If you
can add a half cup of cream just be-
fore taking them from the fire, all the
better.

CALF'S HEAD PUDDING.

Soak a head all night in salt water
to extract the blood. The next day
put it on in a large porcelain or gran-
ite kettle, well covered with water, and
let it boil for five or six hours. The
size of the head must decide the length
of time to cook. When it is cool
enough to handle pick the meat care-
fully from the bones, and chop it into
small pieces. Put the water away to
make soup with for dinner. Put the
meat into a pudding dish with a layer
of bread crumbs; season with pepper,
salt, thyme, and cover with another
layer of crumbs, adding a few dabs of
butter, and bake brown. If you like
onion, it is a very great addition to
the seasoning. To make the soup of
the liquor, boil and skim, thicken with
brown flour; season with a few cloves,
nutmeg, pepper, salt, red pepper and
sage, and just before taking off add a
cup of some light wine, and serve with
toasted bread, and your guests will
never know that it is not turtle soup.

APPLE PIES.

Make a rich crust and bake it in the
pie pans. Fill with stewed apples and
cover the apples with meringue made
with the whites of two eggs beaten
stiff; one cup of sugar and a teaspoon
of lemon extract. Set the pie back
in the stove and brown slightly. Drop
dabs of damson preserves about on top
and serve cold.

SWEET POTATO PUFFS.

Make a rich paste, roll thin and cut
in pieces the size of a saucer. Boil the
sweet potatoes done, take off the skins
and beat them up with butter, sugar,
nutmeg, mace, and a little vanilla; put

Your Feeble
Old Wagon

ELECTRIC

Metal Wheels.

Made to fit any sltein. Strai.ht or stnffsrered oval
steel spokes, cast in the hub. li"t riveteii in the tire.
l:r<>a'l tio-s save rutting and draft. Any height de-
sired. Write for free catalogue for particulars.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX"* QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

r^ Let Us Send You ^

Our Book.

eels and good wairons that will save
rk and make you a lot of money— the

ELECTRIC STEEL WHEELS

and the

ELECTRIC HANDY WAGON.

v test, they are thebe

hub. Can't work loo

make your old wagon - .

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., Box 146, Quincy. tils

... More than one and
»okes united to the
;et of our wheels wiiJ

ELECTRIC

BUGGIES.

SURRIES,
DAYTONS,

RUNABOUTS,

SPINDLE. WAOONS, CARTS.
etc. 84 different styles and grades. Finest
material and workmanship. Get our prices
and see our vehicles before purchasing.
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 E. Main street.
Richmond, Va.

Adjustable Storm
Hood, non-elastie.
Fits different bug-
gies. Can be at-
tached or detached
in half a minute.
Two extra larg«
lights. Gives com-
plete view. The
most serviceable
hood made.
Write for Illustrated circular. Address

J. B. CRETORS, Mfr..
61 Poplar st„ St. Paris, Ohio.

SUPERIOR

WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT

tad Bead i Baggy Wherk BImI Tire on, . #4.83
| With Rubber Tires, #16.00. I mfg. wheels % lo4ia.
1 tread. Top Buggies, 128.75; Harness. |360. Write fat
. Learn how to buy vehiMp* »nri parts direct
1 Wagon Umbrella Flt*:E.W.V.I!OOB,CineiDnatl,a-

HARRIS HARDWARE CO.

409 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va..
Breech-Loading shotguns $3.85

Pocket Knives DllHtl Bicyclesand Sundries.
Rilies II 1 1 111' Hunting Leggins

Revolvers l„lllu\ Razors and Scissors

Robin Hood lllllldl Hunting Coats

L.ad.d Shells \J U 1 1 W Gu" Cov6rS

WE ARE AGENTS FOR QOOD THINGS.

820

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Feed Mill Sense.

Feed mills have come to be standard articles
Experimenting with new makes is likely to provt
unsatisfactory and costly. In the interest of out
readers who are without experience and unable
to choose between the many different makes, we
direct attention to the old reliable Quaker Cltj
firindinc Mill manufac-
tured by Tie- AW. Btraul
Co., 3737 Filbert St.. Phila-
delphia, and 47 Canal St., ."Sia*^ iftVN
Chicago. These mills,
made in 8 different sizes
to meet every possible
want, have an honorable
record of 38 years. They
are honestly built, right
working, do a wide range
of work and are easily regulated for coarse or
fine grinding, and certainly have given eminent
satisfaction to a long list of users for many years.
Tliev grind cob or shelled corn and all grain used
for feed stuffs, course or fine, mixing thoroughly,
all in the same operation. The Quaker City is a
dependable mill out of which every user can de-
pend upon getting satisfactory work. The 38th
Annual Catalogue with all details may be had
b.v writing the manufacturers at either of the ad-
dresses given above. Feeders without mills will
**rve their own interests by sending for it.

Satisfy Yourself

by trial at home i nothing to puy if it fails) that yon

Feed
Mills

New Holland

than any other. Trial Is absolutely free. Order with
tl.at un.lrrMan.lttur. i sizes uml 3 styles, ineludintf
small hand power. Saw your wood with New
Holland Wood Saw. and save labor. Three sizes.

Aik for free nrrulars and prices.
New Holland Men. Co.. Boi 153, New Holland, Pa.

GRIND PINE OR COARSE

all Reds, ear corn, with or with-
out husks, all grains, with the

KELLY

DUPLEX

Grinding Mills

THE 0. S. KELLY CO., 159 N. Lime St., Springfield, Ohio

Cut! Crush! Shred!

all and thrive on It.
for aoatlat. tad
'b«.t«. Taiwan, WoodHa.i. Mo. CaUlofua maUad
Ha.bn.r 4 Sona, f 8 Bread St., Lan.d.1*. Pa.

a tablespoon of this on one side of the
pastry and turn the other side over;
dampen the edges to make them stick
together, and bake. These are really
very good, and make a nice addition to
a lunch or cold tea.

FRUIT CAKE.

Six cups of flour,

Four of sugar,

Four of butter,

Twelve eggs, beaten very light, sep-
arately.

One pound of raisins.

One pound of currants.

One-half pound of citron; shave as
thin as possible.

Two teaspoons of powdered cinna-
mon.

Two teaspoons of powdered nutmeg.

Two teaspoons of powdered cloves.

One glass of brandy. Makes two
loaves.

SPICE CAKE.

Four cups of sifted flour, one of
butter, three of sugar, one of molasses,
half a cup of sour milk, one teaspoon
of soda, three eggs, one teaspoon of
ginger, one of alspice, one of cinna-
mon, one of cloves, one of mace (all
these spices' must be powdered). If
you choose, add a cup of dried cher-
ries, a cup of raisins, and a cup of
currants and a cup of nuts chopped
fine, and bake in loaves.

NTJT CAKES.

One pound of nut kernels, chopped.
If you use almonds or English wal-
nuts, blanch the kernels. One pound
of sugar; the whites of six eggs,
beaten very stiff; two tablespoons of
flour Drop on buttered paper and
brown quickly in a hot oven.

GELATINE JELLY.

Soak a box of gelatine three hours
in a pint of water. Add one pint of
wine, two pounds of sugar, a little
mace, the rind of a lemon shaved
off. Pour over this two quarts of boil-
ing water (in very cold weather you
can use three quarts of water). Stir
until all is mixed and the gelatine dis-
solved; then add the juice of the lemon
and strain. Put in a cold place, and
it will keep more than a week.

DRIED CHERRY PUDDING.

Three cups of flour, two cups of
fruit, one cup of molasses, one clip of
milk, two teaspoons of cream tartar,
one cup of chopped suet, or butter,
one teaspoon of soda. Mix all as well
as possible, and put into a mould or
bag and boil three hours. Serve with
sauce made with butter and sugar and
nutmeg, with a glass of wine, all beat
together. You can use any fruit in
this way and it will be just as good.
Cabaven.

Finlayson, Minn., August 10. 1904.
Box 47.
Dr. B. J. Kendall Co.
Enosburg Falls, Vt.
Gentlemen': — Please seDd me one of
your books, "A Treatise on the Horse
and His Diseases." I have been using
Kendall's Spavin Cure. It is the best
horse remedy in the world.
Yours truly,

Alfred Matson.

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops

Clark'* Rev. Bmfa Plow and Harrow
cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft.
deep. Connects the sab-
soil water. It 1b an ex-
cellent machine for
-overlng In sugar cane.
Strength guaranteed.

Can plow a newly cut
forest, stump, bosh, or '
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop.

Clark's Doable Actloo Cutaway
farrow moves 15,000 tons olf
arib Id ■ day.
Send for Circulars.

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow

Made single or double,
e or two furrows five
ten Inches deep; 14
:he8 wide. For two or
„ — t horses. Light draft.
I jf ^"\W^ No side draft. No similar
(ilow made. When Clark's grass tools are used
»s directed In his grass circular, we, the C. H Co.,
fuarantee them to kill wild mustard charlock,
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory,
Russian thistle or any other loul plant that
grows, or money refunded. Now Is the time to
commence work for next year's seeding to grass.
THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO.,
Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A.

STAR PEA HULLER

WONDER OF THE AOE.

Guaranteed to hull and clean
10 to 15 bushels of peas per
hour by hand, or 20 or 30
bushels by power. Write for
circular and prices.

STAR PEA MACHINE CO.,

Chattanooga, Tenn.

BALE YOUR OWN HAY

MILLET SORGHUM PEA/VINES ETC.

THE STP.ONGEST.H0ST NW!*FUI^ScVm\TA
SWIFTIST AND UCMTEST 7/ cJi^DARh rBALE .
WHAT,* HAND P-Wy/^g^*"^

LITTLE CIAHT
HAY PRESS CO. [

^DALLAS/TEXAS. |

" aWRlTC FOB Particulars. I
I Catalog iundamcrse I

TRY THIS MILL

10 Day* Free.

ill send any responsible

Ditto's

Latest Double Cut

Triple-Geared
Bali-Bearing

Feed Grinders

On Ten Days Trial— No Money In Advance.

Ifit does not grind at least 20% more ear-corn or
other grain than any othertwo horse sweep mill
made, send it back at my expense. Don't miss
this offer. Ball-bearing throughout. OnlylOrt.
sweep. Ligh t draft. Grinding rings never touch
each other— they last for years. Both grinders
revolve; self -cleaning. Ask for new Catalogue.

G. M. Ditto, Box 48 Jollrt. III.

1904.]

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER

821

X Telephone
V Facts

it

built successful telephone liues write
for free l«ok U: . Our 0ui>k B 1 13 *Tele-
». uhono Facts for Farmers" gives
the facts vim ought to know about
telephones for farm use,
ami whether you buy

STRQMBERG-

CARLSON
TELEPHONES

not you will be in pos-

Of information

ill enable you to

v i be right telephone,

d the right line and

j unnecessary exper-

ating. We send it free.

Siromberg-Carlson Tel.

Mfg. Co., Rochester,

N. Y., Chicago, III.

TELEPHONES

and line material for

FARMERS' LINES

So simple you can build your own
line Instruction book and price
list free.

GREAT

HARNESS INVENTION

FONTAINE SAFETY TUGS
prevent soreB and white spots on horses'
backs by regulating tension of girth as if it
were elastic. Prevent buggy running against
horse it breeching breaks. Prevents girth
breaking and shafts wabbling. Made of best
single leather. Outlast other tugs. Hand-
some in appearance. For sale by D. A.
Brown's Son. Richmond, Va. Pair sent
postpaid for $1.50. Write for circular. THE
FONTAINE CO.. Christie, Va.

ANY WOOD
IN ANY POSITION
ON ANY CROUND
4 In to Eft. Through

'»« « MEN with a
»ing Machine OBaiS i. Cross-culSow
5 io 3 cords daily Is Ihe usual average lor one man.
• BCXS EAST < V t^r 1 A SAWS DOWN

1 Man

Our 1995 Model Machine saws faster, runs eas-.er and will last
longer than ever. Adjusted in a minute f> suit a l'.'-year-nld
boy or the strongest man. Send for catalog showing litest
impr.-vemenu. l:ivst ord'-r srets agency.

Folding Sawing Macb. Co.,U So. Clinton St., Chicago, III.

New Holland w^t,

Saws

With ripping tahle and adjustable paupe tor rip-
ping boards, pi le& lath. ere. Made in :l sizes. 1 to U
h. p. New Holland Feed Mills in 3 styles andt sizes
are best crrinders made. "Write for free booklets.
New Holland Mch. Co., Boa 153 New Holland, P..

MONTANA NEWS.
Almost might one think that in the
old days some king did reign here su-
preme in medieval style, for the trail
by which the railroad finds its way up
the canyon of Belt Creek into the
midst of the Belt Mountains, climbs
upward, upward, unt' 1 Monarch sits
1,000 feet above Great Falls, a coign of
vantage. A side canyon, steeper and
yet more picturesque than the Belt
canyon leads out of this wild country
on to a series of high agricultural
lands which are at once an astonish-
ment and a delight to the eye. Is it
possible, one asks, that here, 5,000 feet
high and yet within sight of the Great
Falls smelter smoke-stack, lies an un-
dulating farming section as prosperous
and productive as, perhaps, any region
of the world? Farmers were coming
down this canyon with hay, grain and
potatoes for market. How much are
you getting for your hay this year, I
asked. Eleven dollars was the reply.
And what are oats worth? Oats were
$1.25 a hundred pounds in this section,
and weighed 40 and 45 pounds to the
bushel. How was the potato yield this
year, I asked one maa driving along
with a ton or more of stacked spuds.
He was a Swede. Well, he said, pretty
fair. Not too much. Pretty fair. That
was all I could find out. Which re-
minded me of the incident of the engi-
neer running on a southern Illinois
train who had a new fireman, and
when he sent him back to see how
much water there was in the tank, all
he could learn was thtt there was
"right smart." So he looked himself
and found "right smart" to be exactly
nine inches. Later I discovered that
"pretty fair" probably corresponded
to about 125 or 150 bushels to the acre.
Now, the wonder of this Kibbey sec-
tion, so-called, which includes very
many square miles of fine farm land,
is that though you are in sight of the
desert, yet you might think yourself
in the rolling country of Illinois. There
is abundant moisture for the growing
of enormous crops and no irrigation is
practiced. This year is the dryest in
the history of Montana, and yet no
crops of oats, which I saw ran less
than 35 bushels, some 45 bushels to
the acre; wheat 20 and 25 bushels and
timothy hay a ton and a half — fairly
good for what the farmers term a fail-
ure year.

It is passing strange that here in the
midst of the foot-hills of the Rockies,
in a state generally understood
throughout the country to be largely
desert and requiring irrigation for
farming lies in a big community which
is, I verily believe, as productive as
any section of the United States, as
capable of producing, acre for acre,
year in and year out, as great a crop
value as any section of the United
States. For three feet deep the earth
is a solid manure. It is no more a des-
ert than is the Louisiana bottom.
Yet a 160 farm in the Kibbey coun-

Cooking Range Made,

Clapp's Ideal Steel Range

is not 50 per ceut better than others. My
superior location on Lake Erie, where iron,
Bteel, coal, freights and skilled lbbor are
cheaper and best, enables me to furnish a
TOP NOT' H Steel Range at a clean saving
of $10 to $20. Send for free catalogue" of five
distinct lines, over iiustylesiind sizes, with or
without reservoir, for eitv, town or country
use. CHESTER D. CLAPP, 217 Lyan St., Toledo, 0.

THE IMPROVED

Chamberlln Mfg. Co., Glean, N. Y„ U. S. A.

HERCULES STUMP PULLER

%

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each dayt
Clears all stumps in a circle of 15" ft without
moving or changing machine. Strongest, mos.
rapid working and best made.
Hercules Mfg. Co.. 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa.

The best on earth ;
you make no mistake
in buying of a man of 5
years experience in
pulllngstumps. Weset
up the Puller and guar-
antee satisfaction be-
^tjifore we want your
money 5 sizes Write
for catalog and pices.
JOS.W RITCHIE. StateAgent.R F.D.No.3'),Gro'toes, Vl.

STUMP PULLERS H- aWE PAY THE f HEIGHT
Seven Sizes CMALOG

.^» .A FREE

p W.Smith 'Grubber co lacrosse wis

unci Wl'ti(rtU4*y Habit*

*nig

Book of particulars
. I'REE. B. SI.

ii i u.<.' .1.. 103 S.Pryor St.

822

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Cheap eggs
are as good as
cheap lamp-
chimneys.

Macbeth.

If you use a wrong chimney, you lose «
gooa deal of both light and cumfort, one
waste a dollar or two a year a lamp or
'liimneys.

ito you want the Index ? Write roe.

Macbeth, Pittsburgh

Hardie
Spray Pumps

i The Succtu of Southern
I Peach Urowlng Depends
I Upon the quality of the
Hruit.

, Perfect fruit is only possi-
"" ble from healthy trees Six
day! work for 'wo men will thoroughly
sprur »n Orchard Of 1 OUU trees with ii
Har.lie.-~pray Pump, und do branch of frail
roll .re will pay such big dividends as
spraying.

Our Baok On Spraying Rives vim all the In-
formation yon need "ii thli >nh1«ct In-
cluding nil the l.est formulas gh ing you

Of Hie men who
arte hlg money In fruit g

.S( nd/or thtt book /..-</«//. ifs free.

04 riechanlcSt.,
ludson, .lien.

Hook-HardieCo-.M1:

Defender
Sprayer

..tic

t powerful, autfr

lixer, cxpnailot

/aives, double strainer

I I'umps and

Tnattaaaa Spraying &•»

Ar.BNTS WANTKD;

J. F. Qaylord, Box £2 CaUklll, n. tt,

try. and in what is known as the
"Michigan Settlement," with barn,
granary, cabin and other real improve-
ments, sold this year for $1,400. Why?
because half the country has been
aken up under the desert land law,
a utter violation of that law, for there
s no possible way of watering the land
irtificially as required by the law, and
teople, even those living in Great Falls
vith its 20,000 inhabitants, clearly visi-
ble from this land, believe that this is
lesert land in reality, and some of
hem will tell that a man will starve
'o death on 160 acres. The business
nen of Montana are the most short-
sighted of men. The Kibbey region is
>ne of a hundred in the State, some of
them of great extent, all of them lying
among the mountains at elevations of
from 3.000 to 5,000 feet where the soil
is the black gneist of the mountains,
surcharged with potash, phosphorus,
ind nitrogen, the chief elements of
fertility, and with the rainfall sufflci-
;nt for grand crops, where the climate
is as near perfection as can be found,
a bit cold, perhaps in winter months,
but bracing and invigorating, and the
kind that develops fibre and produces
strong and rugged men. Yet these mer-
chants grovel to a few stockmen, who
would monopolize these fertile valleys
for the grazing of a comparatively few
sheep and cattle, rather than see them
settled with the dense agricultural
population, which would flock to them
if the facts were known, which would
bring wealth and greatness to the
State.

The country through which I trav-
eled was about a third settled, hardly
that. The rest of the land was held
by stockmen, speculators, fraudulently
acquired under the desert land law.
Tom Jones enters a homestead of 160
acres. Next he makes a desert riling
alongside of his 160, then his wife
takes up 320 acres under the desert law
which requires no residence. This
acreage, not being sufficient to satisfy
Jones's land hunger, he prevails upon
Jim Smith, Bill Wil ams, and Sam
Brown who live in some adjoining
town to take up each 320 acres adjoin-
ing his land and turn it over to
him for a matter of fifty or a hundred
dollars a piece. Jones, of course, re-
lieves these stool pigeons of the re-
sponsibility of making the irrigation
ement supposed to be required
by the government, and of making any
cash outlay, 1ml in this section of
country under discussion these im-
provements are nil — they have never
been made. And it may be added that
!'ii Bill Williams-Sam Brown string
of dummies can be carried on indefl-
and, is the case in many in-
stances in Montana, simply depending
upon the ability of the land grabber
to supply the $1.25 per acre which the
government must receive for so-called
desert lands.

There have been thousands of fraud-
ilent entries in Montana under the

"FEED THE PLANT AND THE PLANT
WILL FEED YOU."

CANADA UNLEACHED

HARD=W00D ASHES

IS "NATURE'S OWN FERTILIZER."

It is no experiment, and makes good ctops.

Write for prices and particulars.
WE KNOW IT WILL PAY YOU.

T. C. ANDREWS & CO.,

Norfelk, Va.

Agricultural Lime, Land Plaster, Fertilizers at
Bottom Prices.

^^^Genuine lmported^->«a

PERUVIAN GUANO

Absolutely pure and not
manipulated.

A FINE NATURAL BIRD MANURE.

NEVER HAS BEEN EQUALLED.
NEVER WILL BE EQUALLED.

SHIPMENTS FWWjWBfflgl^-ji.ft
SMITH-DAVIS CO., Importers,

WILMINGTON N. C.

CANADA UNLEACHED

Hard-Wood Ashes.

Rich In Potash, Phoe. Acid, and Phosphate
of Lime. The best known top dresser for
strawberry plants. The cost is much less
than manipulated fertilizers. Genuine tonic
for poor land. The results are always satis-
factory. AGRICULTURAL LIME, PLAS-
I'KR, NITRO CULTURE, FERTILIZERS,

etc.

PERCY L. BANKS,

P. O. Box 182, Norfolk, Va.

SAVE THAT PORKER.

To any person sending us 25 cents in
stamps or silver we will send by mall a
bottle of GREGORY'S ANTISEPTTC HEAL-
ING OIL, guaranteed to cure every case of
Cholera In hog or chicken If administered in
first stage of the disease. Cures colic la
man or horse in one to three minutes. If It
falls drop a postal card and we will return
stamps or money. Full directions given.
GREGORY MEDICINE CO., Conway, Ark.

Send now, as this ad. will not appear but
three times.

For Sale or Trade.

A Westers threshing outfit. 12 horse power,
good traction engine and a fine Case Sepa-
rator. One year used. Price very reasonable.
Will trade for cattle, horses or land.

METER & JEHNE. Farmvllle, Va.

E N Gl N ES , i;t Horse Traction 8'2fi0; 10 Horse
Traction s 00; Hollers, Knalnes new and Bed
on. I hand from i to loo Horse. Single saw mil-
S12S; Double mill S1..0; Machinery of every des-
cription at one-third actual value

I). CASEY, Springfield, Ohio.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

823

NOT A FAILURE

In Twenty-Five Years.

■tide

3 do I

Kendall's Spavin Cure

has stood this ''test of time" and is more popular
to-day than ever before. Unequalled for Spavin,
Ring Bone, Curb, Splint and all forms of Lame-
ness. Read the unsought endorsement of others
And then act for yourself.

Tlppettrille. Gfc.. February 14, 190S.

oediej for»botlt

n of* ■Ingle f»i

"^ J A. B.TYALPEX

Price, fl; sir for to. Asa liniment for family
use it has no equal. Ask your drugrtript f nr Ken-
dall'sSpavin cu re, also "A Treatise on the Horse,"
the book free, or aduress,

DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY,

Enosburg Falls, Vt.

Lump

up Jaw. The disease

1 in time, and it spreads. Only one

ure It-use

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure

No trouble— nib it on. No risk— your money I

back it' it ever fails. Used for seven years I

rly all the big stockmen. Free book |

and Rii\g-boi\e

Once hard to cure— easy now. A 45-min-
; treat men t does it. rs<> nther method
so easy— no other method sure.

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste !

lone too old |
_. _r fails. Free
book, about Lump Jaw,
?pavin, Rinchone, Splint, Br>c Spavin
and other stock ailments. Write for it.
FLEMINC BROS., Chemists,
I 380 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, HI.

. SLOANS

LINIMENT

i so «y ton i Cures

St Hog Cholera

gEN0FOfl CIRCULAR WITH DIRECTIONS

QP.EARL 5 SLDAN.6I5 ALBANY 5T BOSTON. MA55

desert act, an act constructed, and in-
\ nocently passed by Congress for the
purpose of allowing public land steal-
ing in the West. Should the people of
Montana set their faces against this
nefarious law and insist upon the
carrying out of the principle of the old
homestead law, with its original five-
year residence provision, the popula-
tion of the State could be surely
doubled within ten years.

There are many people in the east,
now becoming somewhat densely pop-
ulated, who would gladly grasp the
chance to obtain a free homestead
such as their fathers found in Illinois
and Iowa, and they would come out
and take up the land of these new sec-
tions as they are discovered in this
great State, 470 miles in length — for
they are being discovered every year —
and make prosperous and contented
farm citizens, a bulwark and a wealth
producer to the nation. As is usually
the case in such matters, the State is
too short-sighted; the nation must step
in. A few men who are making vast
fortunes largely control public senti-
ment and would prefer that the pres-
ent system continue. But the public
land policy must be changed, in Man-
tana and in other Western States
where such conditions exist. The laws
under which land stealing is rife must
be amended and repealed, and an
honest handling of the people's domain
be substituted The spirit of the Old
Grow Homestead law must be revived
and this wholesale grabbing checked
with a strong hand. In this way, and
only in this way can we provide for
our surplus population seeking new
homes, and at the same time prevent
great landed monopolies from controll-
ing the destinies of our new States.

"A boy gets out of owning a gun
all the joy there is in it," says a well-
known wiiter in the Illustrated Sport-
ing News. "There are mighty few
pleasures, anyway, that a man can
have that boy does not have on a
smaller scale, but more intensely.

"Some boys are hungrier for guns
than others — that is partly a matter
of what there is handy to shoot — but
I never knew a boy who did not want
a gun, and did not delight in it when
he got it. It is not because of any
innate murderousness in the boyish
disposition, but merely because the
tain means power, suggests the relax-
ation of apron strings, and is an ex-
ceedingly important and interesting
piece of mechanism."

Such opinions have been offered by
writers the country over. The move-
ment for this "gun education" of the
American boy was uegun by the J.
Stevens Arms and Tool i_.o., of Chico-
pee Falls, Mass., makers of the famous
"Stevens" firearms. The catalogue of
this company is a mine of information
on gun owning, and makes excellent
winter night reading for grown-ups as
well as for the boy. It will be mailed
upon receipt of four cents for postage.

Horse Owners! Use

GOMBATJXT'S

Caustic
Balsam

A Safe, Speedy, and Positive Can

The safest. Best BLISTER ever used. Takes
tlie place of all lltmmcnts for mild or severe action.
Removes all Bnnch-s or Blen.lshes from Horses
and Cattle, SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY
Olt PIKING. Impossible to produce scar or blemish

Every bottle sold is warranted to plve satisfaction
Price SI. 50 per liottle. Sold hy dftipcists. or sent
by express, eharses paid, with full directions for
Its use. Send for descriptive circulars.
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland. O.

..DEATH TO HEAVES Mirrev9 He..e, c««5h, di>

temper und indige.tlon t ure.

!i^*^ r

can. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid.

Thc.Noili.il Remedy Cfc,

Toledo, Ohio.

NO riORE BLIND HORSES.

For Specific Opt almia, Moon Blindness, and
other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la have a
snre cure.

VIRGINIA DIVISION.

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION.

Chartered by State of Virginia.
A Fire Insurance Association for Farmers of
Eastern Virginia.
Organized January 9, 1899; amount insured
January 9, 1904, $400,000: policies secured by
real and personal property, estimated value,
$1,000,000. Send for statement of plan and book
of membership to CHAS. N. FRIEND, Gen-
eral Agent, Chester, Va.

.DON'T LOAF.
THIS WINTER.

Country salesmen wanted. We teach art of
selling, pay commission, and guarantee sal-
ary Great opoprtunity for young farmers
and teachers to learn business. J. B. CRAB-
TREE, Richmond, Va.

WANTED,
Position as Manager

of a fully equipped estate by a man of prac-
tical experience and agricultural colleg*
training. Salary or shares considered. A.
G., care Southern Planter.

WANTED,

PLACE AS FOREMAN OR MANAGER

on farm; experience In farming, dairy, truck,
poultry and stock raising. References ex-
changed. T. R. P., 3 W. Grace, Richmond,

"Feeds and Feeding'

Prof. Henry's Great Book for
Farmers and Stockmen.

Delirered anywhere for - - $2.00
vVith the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25

Mention The Southeek Plaktee i»
writing.

324

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

i

s

BLUE RIBBON SEEDS

WERE AWARDED THE

GOLD MEDAL

at Louisiana Purchase Exposition

ST. LOUIS, 1904.
Our New Catalogue 5*5 JS

^ -^—— ■^^^— tain full infor-
mation about improved Seeds. Crops,
Culture and valuable hints to farmers
and gardeners

Mailed Free ■*£■ mt,uUon this

——— w60D=STUBBS &

COMPANY, Seedsmen, Louliville, Ky.

Emporia Nurseries

an> now offering at reasonable prices No. 1.
APPLE TUBES 1 and 2 yr.. mostly late
kinds, of high grade stock, which Is being
praised as the FINEST STOCK EVER OF-
I ERBD IX THIS COUNTRY. KIEFFER
I'BiKS land 2 yr.. GRAPE VINES, SHADE
TREES PEACH, PLUM. MICHAEL'S

EARLY STRAWBERRY, the best early
berry at $1.25 per 1,000; 25c. per 100; Apple,
4 to 5 ft., 10c. each; $8 per 100; Apple and
Peach as above. 5 ft. up. 15c; $10 per 100;
Kieffer Pear, 5ft.. 50c, or $5 dozen; Boton
Plum, 4 to 5 ft., 25c; $15 per 100; Concord.
1 yr Cottonwood Shade Tree, 5 ft. up, 25c,
Niagara and Worden Grape. 2 yr., $5 per 100;
or $10 per 100. We can ship any time. Send
money with order to insure prompt filling.

EMPORIA NURSERIES,
Emporia, Va.

Trees - Trees

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees.

APPLES, PEARS, PEACHES,
CHERRIES, PLUMS, GRAPE
VINES, RASPBERRIES, Etc.

Save agent's commission by Bend-
ing your order to the nursery.
CATALOGUE FREE. All Stock Inspected
..iiou — and Fumigated.

WERTZ'S NURSERY, SALEM, VA.

THE

NUT NURSERY GO.

MONTICELLO FLA.

Growers of FANCY and RAW
by grafting In all of the more Important
species of nuU. We have probably the
FINEST STOCK OK GRAFTED PECANS In
the South. Catalogue for the aaklng. J. F.
JONES. Manager.

Mention The Southibn Piantei In
writing.

THE LEHMAN HEATERS.
The attention of our readers is in-
vited to the ad. of Lehman Brothers,
New York City, in which they are of-
fering their well-known home, car-
riage, automobile, wagon, and sleigh
heaters. This heater strikes us as be-

ing a most useful device, and as the
cost for operating is so very low, we
certainly imagine that almost every
farmer in the Country would readily
own one.

Refer to the ad., and send to thi&
firm for an illustrated descriptive pam-
phlet.

A STRIPED CAVALRY HORSE.

A REMARKABLE ARTIFICIAL ANIMAL THAT
IS REVOLUTIONIZING EUROPEAN MILI-
TARY OPERATIONS IN AFRICA.

St. Louis. — The visitor to the ex-
hibits of German East Africa at the
World's Fair is surprised to see, in
the photographs of military manoeu-
vres taken at the principal cities of the
colony, that all the officers and troop-
ers are mounted on striped horses. On
reflection one decides that these must
be zebras, and is surprised to find that
so wild and shy an animal has been
successfully reduced into a state of
such docile subservience to human util-
ities.

Neither supposition, however, is cor-
rect; but, rather, the two are equally
true and equally false. The animals
in question are "zebrulas," which are
a hybrid between the horse and the
zebra.

Many experiments in the cross-breed-
ing of wild animals have been made
at the Hagenbeck Zoological Gardens,
in Hamburg. Many have been success-
ful, but the zebrula is the only pro-
duct thus far yielded that has already
attained to great commercial impor-
tance. The first experiments in the
Crossing of the horse and the zebra
were made about nine years ago. With
experience they became more and more
successful, until the zebrula, as the
animal thus artificially produced was
called, reached a high state of perfec-
tion, combining the docility of the
horse with the special qualities of the
zebra.

The German army in Africa had suf-
tered great inconvenience from inabil-
ity to acclimate the horse and mule
in that part of the world and secure
them from the ravages of the deadly
tse-tse fly, which had destroyed tens
of thousands of mules since the first
attempts at the introduction of the
latter.

As soon as the military officers of
the German government heard of the

COW PEAS

for sale. We offer for December, January
or February shipment the following varieties
of COW PEAS, all 1904 Crop, and free from
weevil :

CLAY, BLACK. WHIPPOORWILL. REI1
RIPPER. WONDERFUL, and CALICO.

At $1.26 per bushel for prompt shipment;
$1.35 per bushel for deferred shipment;
WHITES, $1.65 per bushel all f. o. b. Hick-
ory. 1 MALTESE DONKEY*, 18 mos. old,
price, $40 f. o. b. here. Also a few pairs of
CHOICE BERKSHIRE PIGS, at $15 per pair.
HICKORY niLLIMJ COMPANY,
Hickory, N. C

Strawberry Plants,
Trees, etc.

$1.60 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY
PLANTS, and If you are not satisfied with
them, you can get your money back. Send
for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTKOOT, R.
K. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenu.

Largest Peach Tree Growers

IN THE SOUTH.
Write for our new illustrated
and descriptive catalogue oi"
general Nursery Stock,

CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES,

Chattanooga, Tenn.

INOCULATED ALFALFA SOIL. 75c. 100
lbs.; $10 a ton. RECORDED HEREFORDS.
almost beef prices. J. N. SHIRLEY,

Lebanon, Ind.

EDW. 5. bCHMID,

Emporium °i Pets

SINGING BIRDS, FINE BRED FOWLS.
CAGES. PIGEONS. DOGS, PET ANI-
MALS, GOLD FISH, AQUA-
RIUMS, DOG AND BIRD
FOODS, MEDICINES,
ETC.

PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATORS.

BROODERS of the best make.

Large catalogue free.

712 12th Street, N W.,

WASHINGTON,

ANTED!

ALL KINDS OF

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans. Bob White
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac-
coons, Foxes Etc.

DR. CECIL FRENCH,
718 Twellth St. N. W., Washington 0. C

GREENSBORO, N.C.

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .n.
ither Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

825

Williams'

Shaving Soap

" The only Soap fit for the face "

Williams' Shaving Sticks and Tablets sold every-
where. Free trial sample for 2-cent stamp to pay
postage. Write for booklet "How to Shave."

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Conn.

Crop Growing
and Crop Feeding."

BY Prof. w. f. massey.

383 Pp. Cloth. $1.00: Paper. 50c.

We offer this splendid work In connec-
tion wltb the SOUTHERN PLANTER
at the following prices:

Southern Planter and Cloth

Bound Volume. $1.26.
Southern Planter and Paper

Bound Volume, 90c
Old or new subscriptions.

IMPORTANT

To Land-Owners.

Do you realize the importance of having a
good map or nlot of your land? I make a
specialty of copying worn and faded farm,
town lot and other maps, and to making
maps and plots from metes and bounds as
described in deeds. If you want old maps
copied, mail to me, or if you want a map
made from your deed, copy metes and
bounds and mail to me.

DON'T PUT IT OFF.

After you have lost your old maps or they
have become too badly torn and faded, it
will be too late.

SPFn • i VTTENTION given to surveying
and dividing large tracts of land in Virginia
and North Carolina. My charges are: For
maps, $2 and up, according to size, and $1
and up for calculating area. Mail me what
ycu want done, and I will quote you price
for same. DAVID T. WILLIAMS, Civil En-
gineer and Surveyor, 336 Main street. Dan-
ville, Va.

BAGS

FOK EVERYTHING :
NEW OR SECOND-HAND;
SOLD OR RENTED.
Write for prices.

RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va.
FARMS WANTED

For two "Western farmers; we want Eastern
Shore farms for cash rent, with privilege of
buying in renting time. Farms must be
well adapted for stock raising and with
water front. MEYER & JEHXE. Farmville,
Va

Mention The Southern Planteb in
writing.

Hamburg experiments, they began to
watch them with close attention, and
as soon as possible undertook to test
the applicability of the zebrula to mil-
itary uses. The zebra, which is native
to the country, can only be broken to
the saddle or the harness by many
years of skillful discipline, and even
then never becomes trustworthy; but
the new animal was found to be as
gentle as a horse, much stronger than
a mule, and entirely immune from the
tse-tse.

The Imperial Government of Ger-
many then established a breeding sta-
tion in its African colony. At this
station zebrulas are being bred as rap-
idly as possible, and already they are
regularly used in the mountain bat-
teries of the colonial service. They
are being introduced, for mounting of-
ficers and men, and for draught pur-
poses, in the other branches of the
service as fast as they become availa-
ble in sufficient numbers.

Several specimens of the zebrula
have been exhibited in the great live
stock pavilion of the World's Fair, and
made quite a sensation there because
of their wonderful beauty. They have
now been removed to the Hagenbeck
collection of wild animals in another
part of the grounds. Those exhibited
are perfectly broken to the harness,
and present so many good points that
numerous persons have made inquiries
with a view to acquiring similar ones
for fancy driving.

Germany will probably absorb for
military purposes all *he available sup-
ply for several years to come; but
whenever these animals have been
produced in sufficiently large numbers
to enable them to be placed upon the
general market it is likely that they
will become one of the fads of the
hour, and no member of what we used
to call the "smart set" will be con-
tented to drive otherwise than behind
a spanking pair of zebrulas.

Besides the cross between the horse
and the zebra, a similar hybrid is dis-
played, which is a combination of the
zebra and the donkey, and therefore a
sort of zebrula mule.

SURE HATCH INCUBATOR.
The Sure Hatch Incubator Company,
whose ad. will be found in another col-
umn, write us that their new machine
has a great many improvements over
their old machines, as well as incu-
bators, of any other make. One of the
principle features is that the water-
heating device has five-sixths of its
surface exposed to the direct action
of the lamp heat, leaving only one-
sixth of the surface exposed to the ex-
ternal cold. This principle will be
found to be reversed in most other
machines. This is only one of the
many points of merit, which sold up-
! wards of 24.000 of these machines last
year. A full description will be found
in the beautiful illustrated catalogue
of this company, which they will mail
free to those requesting it.

BanKin'g
By Mail

The Citizens Sav=
ings and Trust Co.

of Cleveland, is the largest and
oldest Trust Company in Ohio,
having a capital ard surplus of
SIX MILLION DOLLARS
and total deposits of over
THIRTY MILLION DOLLARS

4% Interest

is paid on Savings Accounts of
ONE DOLLAR and upwards.
which can be sent safely by Ex-
press or Post-office Money Order,
Check on local bank, New York
Draft or Currency by registered
mail. Send for Booklet H.

Make Your Idle Money

Earn You Interest.

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor-
mation concerning its certificate of
deposit, so arranged that one per
cent, may be collected every FOUR
MONTHS through your nearest bank
or store.

Oar experience proves this form for
savings to be the most satisfactory
plan yet devised for deposits of 8100.00
or more.

Our Capital and Surplus is

ONE MILLION DOLLARS.

JOHN B. PURCEI.L, President.

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vlce-Fres. & Cashier.
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant cashier.
J. C JOPLIN. Assistant Cashier

FINE FARM

FOR SALE,

273 Acres, 6 miles from Chase City, Va.

Seventy acre- cleared, balance in
wood; 45 acres in timothy and herds
grass. Six room dwelling, all necessary
outhoust*. barns, stai>les, etc. Well
watered by c eek and branches. Price
$3 per acre; one-third cash, balance to
suit. Address

~"W. H SAUNDERS. Chase City, Va.

826

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Northern Virginia Farms.

Of every clase, adapted to Grain. Fruit
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to
thirty miles of Washington, D. C.

No. 6.— 163 acres; half timber, bal
ant-e cleared; 1} miles from station
Good 7 room house; large barn; good
water. Price, $2,000.

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber,
balance cleared. Good land. In good
condition. Comfortable 4 room house
Fine water. Five miles from station.
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre.

No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one-
half miles from station. Forty acres
timber, balance cleared. Fine land
In good condition. Good 7 room
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20
per acre.

No. 23.— 50 acres truck and fruit
farm. Price, $2,650.

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun
county, 3J miles from rail. Price,
$1,600.

No. 33.— 400 acre farm in Loudoun
county. Good grain and grazing land
Price, $7,500.

No. 36.-275 acre farm In Fairfax
Fine quality of grain and grass land.
Good buildings. Refined and edu
cated citizens. Price, $7,000.

See April and May issue of South-
e»n Planter for description of the'
above farms, and write for my farm
list and full information.

W. E. MILLER, . Herndon. Va.

Desirable Farm,

With Unsurpassed . . .
Educational Facilities.

201 acres in the Bri. Section of

ni», Edward county, for sale, within 4f«i
yards of old historic HHUiiwlcu-sidnrv College
One-half of land clear nnd under active cul-
tivation. This farm Is fenced in with cele-
brated Styron Fence with cedar pickets and
is equipped with the most modern farming
implements. Ten room houfe. with office in
yard: ;:lso stable, cow shed, good well and
Ice housr.. with a spring of mineral water
near by. The macadamized road connecting
Fnrmville and Hampden-SIdney, runs through
the plac- Baring educated my hovs. 1 in-
tend to leave the county, and will
m>' f"r farming lrople-

ind farm. Address MARY C RET
llamnden-Stdnrv Va

On account of poor health. I will sell my
valuable

1,000 Acre Farm,

which is well adapted to stock, hay, pas-
ture, small grain, corn and cotton: two-thirds
under cultivation and In pasture: one-third
In nice marketable timber, pine, poplar, oak,
gum, ash. persimmon and cypres!
modern. 9-room dwelling, ?. tenant
2 new and 2 old barns, and
inga. 1 miles from railroad: dally mall: one-
fourth mile from church, schools, cotton gins.
saw and grist mills: thrifty village
from city; wharf on farm. If desired, will
sell 7". head of Jersey and Holsteln cattle
Will sell farm for half its value.

W. H. BUFFKIN,

Box 237, Elizabeth City. N. C

ANTE-NATAL INFLUENCES— NO. 2.
"Mary Washington."

A woman is extraordinarily impres-
sionable during the period of gestation,
which is proved by the fact that if
she experiences a sudden shock or
fright at this time, her infant is very
apt to be born deformed or weak-
minded. The danger, however, is
greater in the earlier stages of preg-
nancy and decreases towards its close.
Miss Muloch's story, "A noble life,"
turns on an incident of this kind. She
represents the hero as being born fear-
fully dwarfed and misshapen owing to
his mother having seen her husband
drown before her eyes the day before
the infant was born. But herein Miss
Muloch made a great blunder, remark-
able in a woman of her intelligence
and information. The dwarfing and
deformity of the child could not have
occurred at this late stage, though it
might well have taken place a few
months earlier, had the mother then
been subjected to such a shock.

It is a well known historical fact
that the timidity and cowardice of
James the 1st of England, was due to
the fright his mother experienced
when her favorite. Rizzio, was assas-
sinated in her presence. I read some
years ago in the papers a terrible and
giuesome instance of the power of
ante-natal influences. combined,
doubtless, with heredity ones, intensi-
fied in the transmission. A butcher's
wife, during a period of pregnancy,
used to watch her husband slaughter-
ins animals — both husband a.-.d wife
being probably of a peculiarly low and
coarse type. The child to which she
irth became a murderer before
he was twelve years old. slaughtering
one of his little companions with a
sharp knife. When questioned in court
as to his motive for the deed, he said
"he didn't know why he did it. but he
loved to stick a knife in any one."

The impressionable state of the preg-
nant woman has, however, its bright
side, as well as its perilous one. It
also readily takes on pleasant impres-
sions. We can easily trace the effects
of a woman's hearing fine music, read-
ing fine books, mingling with charm-
ing and improving associates. In
short, all the mother's pursuits, and all
her states, both mental and physical.
exert more or less influence on the un-
born child.

But the bed rock of the child's char-
chiefly determined
by the predominant traits of the rather
or mother or other anccsiors. At all
the child gets his tendencies
this way. though, of course, he may
either confirm or overcome thi

The father of the expected child his
a larger or more important part to
play than anyone else in creating a
serene and cheerful atmosphere around
her. The tie between husband
and wife is so close (for weal or woe)
thai the stale of mind of one is verv
dependent on that of the other. An

VIRGINIA THk^E

FIND THE BEST it 0 M C O

Where Health, Climate, Soil, Location
and markets are unsurpassed. Any
size, place and price to suit ihe buyer
of s stock truck, fruit poultry or fi-h
and oyster farm. The James Kiver
Vailey Colonization Co. offers super-
ior advantages to land buyers. Write
for free 36 P. pamphlet giving f .11 par-
ticulars.

W. A. PARSONS,

C. & 0. Main St. Depot, - - Richmond, Va.

ESTABLISHED 1875.

.•To Homeseekers-

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING
IN VIRGINIA."

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We
will gladly mall you a copy.
W. B. BEVILL. PAUL SCHERER. Agt.
G. P A., Lands and Immigration,
Roanoke, Va.

Northern Virginia,

Oraln, Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms or

every Class within one hour of Washington, D.C.

LOUDOUN COUNTY

Farms a Specialty ....

Catalogue on application.

P. B. BUELL CO. SON.

FVeal Estate Brohers,

Herndon, Fa rfax Co.. Va.

Old Virginia Farms

25, 50, 100. 500. 1.000 and 2.000 acre tract*.
Some of these highly improved and conva-
nlent to schools, churches, steam and trolley
lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK-
ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich-
mond, Va.

630 ACRE FARM

Near Kcysville, Va., for sale at M.00 par
acre. Tbis farm 1b well wooded and watered;
about half of it Is In original growth timber
valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx-
ious to sell. Correspondence Invited. T. B.
ROBERTS. Chase City, Va.

FARM LANDS.

The best locations, choicest lands In Vir-
ginia. Grains, Grasses. Fruit, Poultry, Dairy,
Stock. For catalogue and further Informa-
tion, address

Real Estate Trust Co.,

RICHMOND, VA.

f Can Sell Y<ur Farm....

'f located In one of these Virginia counties:
Prince George. Chesterfield. King William,
'lloucest, r, New Kent, King and Queen,
Hanover. Send description, stating price.
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley,
Braddock, Pa.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

827

• -»-• VIRGINIA FARMS ••»•

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good home
and orchard, $600.00. Blue Grass. Stock and
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES,
Louisa, Vs..

Bo South

For full par-
ticulars write
A. JEFFERS,
■ Norfolk, Vi.

rifciC riORJC m tbe great fruit grain and
linC rftfllliO stock section of VIRGINIA.
Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near great
markets, with best educational advantages.
For further information, address

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO.,
Sam'l B. Woods Pres. Charlottesville, Va

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi-
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL size*
of FARMS at corresponding prices, bat ALL
reasonable.

MACON & CO., Orange, Va.

NEW JERSEY

Income Property

to exchange for large farm in Virginia or
North Carolina. Address W. F. HOLMES,
Milburn, N. J.

VIRGINIA FARMS

S3 P;» ACRE AND UPWARDS

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va.

Established 1875.

..Second Hand Bags..

Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, anywhere.
I pay the freight. GEO. T. KINO. Rich-
mend, Va.

IMlTIDI PflATC are handsome, hardy and
ANuUflA llUAlO profitable For large cir-
cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big ditty. Ky

ANGORA GOATS,

CHESHIRE HOGS,

PONIES for Children.

Dr. WM. C. JOHNSON, Frederick. Md.

Angora
Goats.. .

"The Wealth of the Wilderness." A 32
page pamphlet, by Geo. Edward Allen. Price,
25c. It's worth it.
THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

Homer Pigeons,

Bred of choicest selected stock, from Ply-
mouth Rock Squab Co., $1 per pair.

C. DE BRUYN KOPS, Wake, Va.

Some Solomon Mas Said:

The Cedars P. & S. Farm is the home of
"Richard." the great German Coach Stal-
lion, by imported Bismark. Also Registered
Jersey Cattle, Duroc Jersey Swine, Llewel-
lyn Setters. Beagle Hounds, Bronze Turkeys,
and B. P. R. Fowls. WM. G. OWENS, Mid-
lothian, Va.

unloved, unkindly treated wife cannot
possibly be in a tranquil and happy
state of mind. Where such a tragic
state of things exists, it seems almost a
misfortune that there should be any
children, but If there are, you may
trace in them the effects of the wife's
disquiet and depression during the
ante-natal period, as well as subse-
quently.

But even where a husband is not un-
kind, he is not always as thoughtful as
he might be. He is constituted so dif-
ferently from a woman that he does
not realize the immense value she sets
on a loving word or caress, nor how
her heart aches when these are with-
held, perhaps, from mere inadvertence
or from the pressure of some outside
care. When a woman is expectant of
maternity, then is the time above all
others that her husband should show
her the most thoughtful tenderness
and strive in every way to cheer and
interest her, and to create around her
a bright, loving and serene atmos-
phere. Now is the time he should keep
strictly in curb any tendency to croak-
ing, fault-finding or irritability, if he
is disposed to indulge in any of these
very disagreeable traits. At this time,
above all others, he can help and brace
up his wife by his tenderness and care
which will not only be a blessing to
her, but of incalculable benefit to their
unborn child. And on her part, let her
fill up her life with gracious deeds,
kindly words and useful pursuits
striving to keep all anger and bitter-
ness out of her heart and life, and all
unworthy and corroding thoughts out
of her mind, trembling lest these might
leave an impress on the little creature
that is "bone of her bone and flesh of
her flesh."

Mention The Southern Plante* In
writing.

DOG NOT FOR DUCHESS.

ROXBURGHE'S AMERICAN BRIDE REBUKED
BY SHEPHERD AT I.EDBURGH BAZAAR.

Kelso, Eng., Oct. 8.

The Duchess of Roxburghe recently
had a practical little lesson in the fact
that money cannot do everything.

Just as the ducal party was leaving
the bazaar the duchess was attracted
by an especially fine black and hazel
collie in the possession of a poor old
shepherd from the neighboring hills.
She called him to her and asked for
how much he would sell the dog. The
old man replied that it was not for
sale.

SHEPHERD OFFERS REBUKE.

The Duchess offered $50, then $100,
the shepherd still shaking his head.
Finally she raised the offer to $500.
The old man, who was miserably
dressed in a shepherd's tartan plaid
and Tam O'Shanter, drew himself up
proudly and said:

"Ma leddy, gin ye were the queen
hersel me and ma dowg wull ne'er be
parted for siller."

The Duchess said she admired his
disinteredness, and afterwards sent
him a handsome present.

A VERY FINE

Virginia Bred Jack,

2 years old the lOlh of last June ; large
for his age and a perfect beauty. Price
$5b0 cash, or will take $10i) down and
note for balance, to be well secured and
bearing 6 per cent interest until paid.
Don't go West and pay a fabulous price
when you can get better stock at home
for less money. Writ*" or eome to see
me. J. E. THOMASSON, Bumpass,
Virginia.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM

I have now the finest
and be-t lot of big,
black, Spani.h and Ken-
tucky-bred Jacks that
I ever had, in my 18
years' breeding exper-
ience, to offer to the
trade. Write or come to
see me. You will find
mv prices right. JOE. E.
WRIGHT, Junction City, Ky.

KNIGHT & JETTON

Breeders of and dealers In

JACKS,

JENNETS, STALLIONS,
Durham and Hereford

Yearlings.

FINE JA'-KS a specialty.
Send Stamp for catalog,

Murfreesboro, Tenn.

ta

JACKS,

JENNETS,

STALLIONS.

Pine Jacks a specialty.

Write for what you want. •
W. E KNIGHT & (.0., K. F. D. 5,

Nashville, Tenn. Phone 3095L

• COLLIE PUPS •

By Imported Sires Sable and white and tri-
colors. Prices. 88 to 515. Older ones correspond-
ingly low- Book on Training, 60 cents: Feeb if
yon buy a Collie.
MAPLEM0NT STOCK FARM. Rutland. Vermont.

Scotch Collies

Champion blood of England and America.
Puppies now ready to ship. Also bitches in
whelp for sale. METER & JEHNE, Farm-
ville, Va.

REGISTERED

SCOTCH COLLIE

Pups for sale. A choice lot they are, too.
Sable and white; full white points. FINS-
BURY LAD. Son of Finsbury Herd and
Ormskirk Dolly, etc., will serve a limited
number of bitches. Write me for terms and
pedigrees. Limited number of B. P. HO K
Cockerels for sale. ALFRED P. WHITE.
JR., Parksley, Va.

A fine Registered
TROTTING STALIION FOR SALE.

Price reasonable. Will trade for pair of
drivers or for land. MEYER & JEHNE.
Farmville, Va.

Two Thoroughbred

RIDING AND DRIVING

horses for sale, 6 and 7 years old, 14%
hands; good cross country horses for boy or
girl, and make fine buggy team. C. H.
NOLTING, Medlock, Va.

828

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

White Wyandottes.

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM.

This breed EXCLUSIVELY. We can otter
you la the Edgewood strain something profi-
table. Better try us. Pullets and cockerels
for sale. If you want PULLETS, better get
orders in quick. H. B. ARBUCKLE. Max-
welton, W. Va.

TEN TRIOS

Buff LegHorns,

the best layers, beautifully marked, from
strains which layed 210 eggs a year. $5 a
trio.

SUPERB BRONZE TURKEYS from tbe
best pens of the country. Trio, $10; hens,
$3 each. Toms, $4 to $5 each. Satisfaction
guaranteed. A. R. VENABLE, JR., Farm-
vllle, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

PARTRIDGE COCHINS. B. B.
TED GAMES. WHITE "WYAN-
DOTTES. S. C. WHITE AND
BROWN LEGHORNS. S. C BH'H'
ISLAND REDS, choice stock, for
sale. Eggs in season.

RIVERSIBE POULTRY FARM,
J. o\ CodUlaU A SoliH.

R. F. D. 19, Dayton, Va.

Choice Lot of

BARRED P. ROCK and S. C B.
LEGHORN COCKERELS, Cheap to

make room.

FIVE HAMnOTH BRONZE GOBBLERS.

SEVERAL YOUNG CANAKIES, all singers.

SATISFACTION IQUABANTBETJ.

MRS. JNO. p. PAYNE, Lulrmont Dairy Farm,
University 8ta., Charlottesville, Va

BROWN LEGHORfNS,

White Plymouth Rocks.

Some fine cockerels and pullets for

Bale cheap. * "^'Z.fWP:

R. W. HAW, Jr., CentraliaTva.

& PIEDJ10NT HEIQMTS FARM <&

YANCEY niLLS, VA. - ™

Breeders of S. C. WHITE and BROW1
LEGHORNS, WHITE WYANDOTTES.
BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS. A few more
S. C. B. Leghorn Cockerels for sale. No
more females. Eggs in season. F. C. LOU-
HOFF, Propr.

PIT GAMES

Black Devils and Red Cubans.

Where they won, Sharon, N. Y.. 4 out of (
Blue Rock. Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa.. I
straight. Roanoke. Va., 8 oat of 9. Akron
la., 2 straights. Eggs, 12 per alttlng. Youii
trios, quail alze, S3.

THOS. W. JARMAN. Yancey Mills, Va.

PURE-BRED

Barred Plymouth Rocks.

Some fine Cockerels for sale at $1 e»ch.
F. MAXWELL CONNER, Box 816, Richmond, Va.

A PROMINENT JUDGE'S OPINION.
Gadsden, Etowah Co., Ala.
Oct. 22, 1904.
Jas. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.:

Yours of the 19th inst., at hand and
Carefully noted, I purposed to have
written you ere this, but I was quite
sick in spring and summer and was
away from home. I had quite a time
last spring with my hogs and so much
so that I have not taken the interest
in them as I would probably had I not
lost so many of them. I want to say
for your Hog Remedy that I never lost
a single hog after the eating of the first
dose and every one I could get to take
it after taken sick, got well and made
nice hogs, nor did I have any more sick
hogs after the use of the Remedy. I
have been feeding it to the few I have
all summer, and when out shall order
again, don't propose to be without it,
so long as I raise hogs. Should you
have any skeptical customers refer
them to me and I will gladly tell them
how my hogs were dying and how
they quit and had no more sickness
after using your Remedy.
J. H. Lovejoy, Judge Probate Court.

There is a most remarkable strike
now being carried on against the Mac-
beth-Evans Glass Company, the chim-
ney makers of Pittsburg, probably not
equalled by any in folly and so against
the interest of their mea. The com-
pany have employed a large force,
many of which have been with them
for twenty to thirty years, but in this
time the union has fallen into the
bands of the worst element, and the
most odious forms of limitations put
on the company's plants, and the earn-
ing capacity of the men kept down in
the most amazing manner by the iron
heel of "persuasion." Men in these fac-
tories have been earning from four to
six dollars per day, "limited" — they
are capable of earning five to nine dol-
lars per day. The company have had
all of their improverients, which are
very expensive, nullified by the "limit-
ing" process — until the limit of their
forbearance has been reached — the
(Sling has gone to full fruit — the walk-
ins delegate element has prevailed too
much.

So it has gone on and on until the
product is increased in cost beyond
what it should be; every new facility
nullified, if possible completely; the
best equipped plant in the world is
pulled down to the poorest; every im-
provement is fought over; the best
workman is kept down to the level of
the poorest, his freedom gone, he must
not even talk to employers.

THE KEELEY INSTITUTE.
The Keeley Institute, Greensboro, N.
C, sends us a very interesting pam-
phlet, entitled "The Right Road and
the Right Track." They will be very
pleased to mail a copy of it, along with
other literature, to those interested in
that institution.

.COCKERELS. .

of the following breeds for sale at $1 each:
Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, Black
Mlrorcas, Black Langshnns, R. C. Brown Leg-
horns, S. C White and Brown Leghorns, Light
Brahmas and Wyandottes; also Toulouse Geese
and Pekin Ducks. J. B. JOHNSON, clover Hill
Farm, Manassas, Va.

PROFITABLE POULTRY.

45 Best Varieties. My Mam-
moth Bronze Turkeys are
fine and ready to ship.
Write me for what you
want in poultry. Good
stock. Low prices. Large
Illustrated, Descriptive

Poultry Book, only 6c. List free. JOHN E.

HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va.

^FINE FOWLS^

BARRED, BUFF and WHITE PLYMOUTH
ROCKS; SILVER, WHITE BUFF and PAR-
TRIDGE WYANDOTTES; BLACK MINOR-
CAS; BLACK LANGSHANS; LIGHT BRAH-
MAS; BUFF and PARTRIDGE COCHINS;
WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS.

We are headquarters for stock and eggs
of the above breeds, and will give satisfac-
tion every time. OAKLAND POULTRY
FARM, C. J. WARINER, Manager, Ruffln,
N. C.

SILVER- LACED

WYANDOTTES.

Strong, healthy, ftirm-ratsed
birds, Urr's srrain, tine plum-
age—Cockerels, $1.26 ; fe-
ma'es, $1. Order early so as
to get first choice. Satisfac-
tion to every customer or mo-
ney refunded. POLAND
CHINA PIGS $5 each.

Dr. H. H. LP,
R. F. D. No. 2. Lexington, Va.

White Leghorn

Cockerels for sale. Exhibition
or breeding stock. Address

C. Q. M. FINK,
R. F. D. 2, Richmond, Va.

CHICKENS

for sale. B. P. ROCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN
nnd WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure br«d
stock, also M. B. Turkeys. Prices reasonable.
Write Miss CLARA L. SMITH, Croxton, Caro-
line county, Va-

SATISFY YOURSELF

SPLENDID BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK
COCKERELS (Bradley Strain). Can be re-
turned if don't please. L. W. WALSH, Box
194, Lynchburg, Va.

FOWLS FOR SALE.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS (Mammoth
Strain), 57 per trio. EMBDEN GEESE, $6
per pair. ROSE COMB WHITE LEGHORNS.
$4 per trio. MRS. LIZZIE DYER, Versailles,
Tenn.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TITOS,

Greatest Winning Strain.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK COCKERELS

of Hawkins, Miles, .larman and Bradley Bros.
strains. SCOTCH COLLIE- from imported
drivers, and bench-show winners.

LESLIE 1). KLINE, Vaucluse, Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

829

The following is an extract from a recent communication to
The Breeder's Gazette of Chicago, written by Prof. W. A.
Henry, Dean of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion, and probably the most eminent American authority on
scientific agriculture.

One of the greatest comforts I experience in life is the thou-
sands of friendships built up through "talks" with Gazette
readers. Not a day passes but some one comes into my office or
-writes me a letter telling of the confidence he feels in the instruc-
tions I have given and the friendship he feels toward me in the
pleasant relations we have established through "The Feeder's
Corner "of The Gazette — the farmer's greatest paper. Not
only have I friends everywhere in the country made through this
means, but I am continually surprised at the number of persons
living in the city who regard THE GAZETTE, as one of the
cKoicest pieces of literature that comes to their homes, and
who eagerly read its pages. Many of these own country property
and others are longing for a home close to the soil, away from the
grime, noise and turmoil of urban life. Man's natural place is on
the soil, surrounded by plants and animals. The artificialities and
glamor of city life have exercised their abnormal drawing power all
too long. Now the times have changed and the country is about to
retain a reasonable portion of the brains it produces and to draw
from the city as well some of the brightest of its young men. Our
agricultural colleges and our high-grade agricultural papers such
as The Gazette are powerful factors in this movement.

Sample copy free if you mention the Southern Planter.

ADDRESS

J. H. Sanders Publishing Co.

358 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111.

830

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

^HOLLYBROOKFARM^

BERKSHIRE PISS

For Sale.

THREE FINE YOUNG BOARS,
five months old, S7.50 each.

TWO YOUNG SOWS, same
age and breeding, $7.50 each.

These pijts are from registered &took
and are Bnt-elMI m every respect. Our
pigs have free range, with a tine stream
of running water through the iiog pas-
tures, and our stock is as vigorous and
healthy as possible.

Prices include crating and delivery
f. o. b. cars at Richmond, Va.

HENRY W. WOOD,
P. O. Box 330. Richmond, Va.

WE NOW HAVE A CHOICE
NUMBER OF PURE-BRED

Berkshire Pigs

MINIBORYA FARM,
Box 901, Richmond, Va.

BERKSHIRE PIGS,

for sale. A tine lot of spring farrowed
Boars and Gilts. These pigs are sired
by Imported Danesfield Tailor
from the famous K. \V. Hudson herd,
Danestield England. Hi* sire is the cel-
ebrated Manor Faithful, which Bold at
the Biltmore sale of 1903 for S6J

Their dams are Buttercup of Kit
more 1 1 (tiWl 1 I and her get lv Imported
Danesfield Minting ( B. B. 8S64). giving
strong Highclere blood. The l» st strains
of Berkshire blood in the World is in
these pigs . Pedigrees with every pig.
Address, D CLARK,

SNOWDEN FARM. FREDERICKSBURG. V*

THE WITCHERY OF SCIENCE.

DEMONSTRATIONS WITH THERMIT ABE

GIVEN DAILY AT THE WORLD'S

FAIR GROUNDS.

St. Louis, Mo.
Thermit is a heating and welding
compound in the form of a powder,
the use of which is demonstrated in
the Mining Gulch at the World's Fair.
After a pinch of a special ignition
powder has been placed upon it and
lighted by a Bengal or storm match,
a powerful chemical reaction lakes
place, within the space of half a min-
ute, by which the temperature of the
whole mass, no matter how large the
quantity used, is raised to 5,400 de-
grees, Fahrenheit, and a pure liquid
steel is given off, the rest of the com-
pound rising to the surface in the
form of aluminum slag or 'corundum,"
in the proportion of three parts to
one. The molten steel, amounting, by
weight, to one half the thermit pow-
der, will melt at once the surface of
any metal to which it is applied, al-
though the latter is entirely cold, and
unite with it into one solid mass.

In this way all sorts of repairing of
machinery and other metalwork can
now be done readily by hand which
has hitherto required the removal of
the broken portion and its shipment
to the foundry. An incalculable
amount of time and trouble and money
are saved by the device, which permits
all repairing to be done on the spot al-
most instantaneously. It has already
been extensively applied to such pur-
poses as the closing of cracks in me-
tallic plates or surfaces of any kind,
the welding of trolley rails, of steel or
wrought-iron pipes, and of broken roll-
bosses.

In future naval wars it will be in-
valuable for annealing the spots in
armor plate that have been injured by
the enemy's shots. It is applicable to
girders, bars .angles, shafts, turnposts,
locomotive frames, and any possible
section of rolled or wrought iron or
steel; and it may even be used for
welding cast-iron and making castings.

FINELY-BRED

BerKsKire Pigs

(or sale, or will exchange for Brood Mares
(work mar*s), or a pure-bred broken Pony of
good illsposlilnn, for cblldrea te ride or drive
(mare In foal preferred.)

¥. M. HODGSON, We« End, Va.

THE FONTAINE SAFETY SHAFT
TUGS.

The Fontaine Company, Christie,
Va., are advertising regularly with us
a most useful harness invention under
the above name. An officer of this
company showed us the working of the
tug and also submitted us numerous
testimonials from parties using them,
and we agree with him that he has not
only a very useful, but a very neces-
sary contrivance.

The main point in these tugs is that
they allow considerable "play" to the
girth, making the shafts rigid, how-
ever, with each expansion and contrac-
tion of the horse's body. The chances
for a broken girth are slim indeed
when this device is used. Look up the
ad., and send for descriptive circular
and testimonials.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

PRAIRIE STATE
INCUBATORS

AV»ID BROODERS

Measure their success

by the success of users.

Twenty incubators sold first

year; 20.000 sold in 1903. Went

all over the world. Winners

of 385 first prizes. Write for

our Free catalogue.

; PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATOR CO.,
Boi 425,
HOMER CITY, PA.

100 Egg Incubator,

made by George H. Stabl, for sale, or will ex-
change for pure-bred Poultry or Poland Cbina
Pigs. Machine as good as new; only used one
season. R. J. VAVGHAN, Dftlsy, Va.

I?!

EA5Y MONEY

Incubator. Little cost, little car*,
results aure. profit* large. SO I > lays'
Fret Trial. Catalogue free. Mention
this paper.— Hawteye IncuStttar
Co., liox 4^, .Newton, Iowa.

I'^Hl H-iil

•.your machine is preferred

rs, and all about artificial

. There's pointers that

l^h may mean dollars to you. We

■iNl FDTrr 711 *^T P*y '«'eht. »nd gwraatee aT©ods

^LV.LKltLCOj! asdescr'hed or money back. The book

flllTNfY Hi" Is free. Write for it today. Postal will do.

Mammoth Bronze Turkeys

for sale by the leading turkey raiser In th«
South. The birds are perfect specimens of
this strain. Orders placed now gets choicest
birds. Demand every year exceeds supply,
so order at once. Rates and terms on re-
quest. PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE. Miss
E. CALLIE GILES. Propr., Whittle's Deport,
Va.

PURE-BRED

M. B. TURKEYS

FOR SALE.

Toms. $3.00; hens, $2.60. AJs*

B. P. Rock Cockerels,

$1.00 each.

C. T. JOHNSON, - - - Beaver Dam, Va.

I have for sale a few very handsom*

M. Bronze Turkeys

AND

Golden Penciled Hamburg Chickens.

Dr. T. J. WOOLDRIDGE, French Hay, Va.

A FINE LOT OF

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS

for sale. Apply to R. E. CREE, Crazet, Va.

FOR SALE.

Two pairs of WORKING MARBS cheap, ar
will trade for mule colts.

METER & JEHNE, FarmrlDe. Va.

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

83

YAGER'S

COMPOUND EXTRACT

5ARSAPARILLA

WITH

CELERY.

This remedy h as a world-
wide reputation — estab-
lished by its merit — as the
greatest of all Blood Puri-
fiers and Nerve Restorers.
It is especially valuable
and eminently successful
in building up run-down
systems, it rejuvenates and
revives the worn-out man
and woman, by expelling
the impurities of the blood
and building up the nerve
tissue.

It creates sound, healthy
flesh, clears the complex-
ion,, and strengthens the
nerves, aids digestion, is
helpful in kidney diseases,
and especially valauble in
cases of female weakness
and kindred ailments.

THE

TWO

..MARVELS..

«£2» «£8» «£8»

These two vaulable remedies are
marvels because they have and are
constantly effecting marvelous cures
where other like remedies failed to
give relief.

Mrs. L. E. Brown, of Raleigh, N. C,
writes: "She can hardly explain the
good that Yager's Liniment has done
for her and family. She had rheuma-
tism so bad she could hardly get around,
and began using this Liniment, and
soon found relief, and now would not
be without it."

Mr. Paul Kramer, a painter, of Win.
cheater, Pa., writes: "He has taken
one bottle of Yager's Sarsaparilla, and
it is building up his run-down system.
Before C iminencing to take it he weighed
138 pounds ; after the first bottle he
weighed 144 pounds. He is now on the
second bottle, and rapidly regaining his
health."

Is a never-failing pain re-
mover. It actually kills
Pain from whatsoever
might be the cause. When
Yager's Liniment comes in
contact with the pain, the
pain must and will go.

This old family stand-by
has back of it a reputation
and a record of cures made ,
which entitles it to the
broad claim of the most
searching and energetic,
yet soothing and effica-
cious, of all external ap-
plications ever offered the
public. Rheumatism it re-
lieves at once. Every fam-
ly needs a bottle of Yager's
Liniment, and should keep
it ready for emergencies.

PREPARED BY

Gilbert Bros. & Co.,

Manufacturing Chemists,
BALTIMORE, MD.

Yager's HandyiHeadache Tablets—Cures Headache— 10 Cents.

S32

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[December,

BEBKSHIRES

1 ANNEFIELD HERD

'Z Contains the

I Finest Blood Lines

JJ In England and America. v

A *

A V

2 Young Stock for Sale. *

S Inquiries cheerfully answereil. 8

2 EOW. G. BUTLER. Annefield Farms. M

2 Berryville, Virginia. »

BERftSHIRES

All my pigs sold except twenty-one (21),
farrowed September 20th, 24th and 25th, 1904.
from registered sows, sired by MASON OF
BILTMORE II (68548). Price. $6 each, or
$10 a pair f. o. b. delivered first week In
December. None but Blltmore blood In my
herd.

ROBERT HIBB8RT, Charlottesville, Va

OUR herd represents the
very best (-trains Imported

-LARGE-

English Berkshires.

Choioe stock at reasona
ble prices. Address

Cottage Grove Farm,

P 0. Box 5. Greensboro, N, C

PURE-BRED

BERI1SHIRES

for sale; 4 bred sows at $15 each; 1 ready-
for-service boar. $15, and 6 pigs at $3 each
\1 BRONZE TURKEYS, $5 per pair; S. C
n. Leghorns, B. P. Rocks and White Wyan
dottes, at 75c. each if taken before Christmas
buahela nice white corn. M. E. AN
DREWS, Hurt. Pittsylvania county, Va.

GLENIURN
FARM

BERKSHIRES

are rich In the blood of the champions of
England and America. Foundation stock has
been obtained from the most noted breeders
of England and America. None better. Few
as good. Won first prize for best boar and
.v at Virginia Stato Fair. DR. J. D.
KIRK, Roanoke. Va.

HAWKSLEY RTOOK FARM
has some very choice

Berkshire Pi2f°

now ready for shipment. They Hre "top*" in
l.ree.ltnK and Individuality. Also M B. Tlllt
KEYS and S C. B. LEf4HORN CHICKENS foi
sale. J- T. OLIVER. Prop'r.

BIG CLEVELAND BANK PAYS 4
PER CENT. INTBREST.

The Citizens Savings & Trust Co.,
of Cleveland, the oldest and largest
trust company in Ohio, having a capi-
tal and surplus of six million dollars,
and deposits of thirty-six million dol-
lars, has established a "Banking by
Mail" department, and will pay de-
positors in any part of the country 4
per cent, on savings accounts of one
dollar and upwards.

This move on the part of so large
a financial institution will give people
situated in the country and in small
towns an opportunity to make deposits
with one of the strong banks of the
country. And, in addition, it will give
depositors a chance to secure a 4 per
cent, investment, about one-third more
than most banks pay.

In this connection it is interesting to
note that Cleveland banks were the
first in the United States to pay 4 per
cent, interest on savings accounts, and
are still, with two or three exceptions,
the only banks doing so. That they
are able to pay this interest with profit
is well proved by their growth and suc-
cess.

The Citizens Savings & Trust Co.
will send upon request an attractive
booklet, giving details of their busi-
ness and of their method of handling
accounts by mail.

Vkry

iDUROC PIGS

For
Sale

Also, handsome SETTER DOO eight months
old; pure black ANGORA KITTEN'S.

A. I'. I.OCKWOOI).
Orange, Va.

THE SUPERIOR DRILL COMPANY'S
1905 ALMANAC.
Next year's calendars and almanacs
are making their appearance in great
force at present. Among the most use-
ful and interesting which we have re-
ceived is the Almanac and Household
Encyclopedia issued by the Superior
Drill Co., Springfield, O. The calen-
dar feature alone makes the almanac
well worth having, but the other useful
information, which it Contains, makes
it doubly so. If you will write to the
above company and mention this no-
tice, they will very cheerfully send you
a copy.

A PARING KNIFE FREE.
The Page Woven Wire Fence Co.,
who have been advertising with us for
years, send us a very novel and useful
device in the shape of a paring knife,
made from the No. 7 wire, which goes
into all of their fences. This company
will be very pleased to mail any one
requesting it one of these knives, and
also its handsomely illustrated fence
catalogue. This firm, by the way, has
a very attractive ad. in this issue, and
we invite the attention of our readers
to it.

MIETZ & WEISS OIL ENGINES
WINNERS AT ST. LOUIS.
Mr. August Mietz, who has been ad-
virlising in our columns in season for
a number of years, writes us that the
Mietz & Weiss oil engine was awarded
a gold medal and special diploma at
the St. Louis Exposition. This same
engine won a gold medal at the Ameri-
can Institute in '97; Paris, 1900; Pan-
American, 1901; Charleston, 1902.

HIGH-CLASS

Poland CKinas.

Choice 3 mos. pigs, $5 each. 5 to 6 mo
gilts. $8 to $10. All eligible to registry.
Sunshine strain. Fine S. L. Wyandotte
Cockerels, $1 each. Satisfaction guaranteed.
E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va.

C. Whites Large
strain. All ages
mated not akin.
Bred sows, Service
boars, Guernsey

calves, Scotch Col-
lie pups, and Poul-
try. Write for prices and free circular.

Pa.

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED

POLANDCHINAS

Two fine litters of pigs now ready for sale;
six beautiful young sows ready to breed, and
a fine Guernsey bull calf, one month old.
F. M. SMITH, JR., R. F. D.. No. 4, Char-
lottesville, Va.

Registered Poland Chinas

1 year old Reg. P. C. SOW, bred to Reg.
P. C. Boar. $25.

3 mos. P. C. PIGS, eligible to registry,
$5 each.

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE COCK-
ERELS, $1 each. Fine birds. E. T. ROBIN-
SON, Lexington, Va.

CHOICE YEARLING

POLAND CHINA

Gilts bred to a superior SUNSHINE BOAR, for
sale Will farrow March and April. Also SUN-
SHINE Boar Pigs 6 mos old. Two-year old reg.
PERCHERON STALLION COLT, solid black,
with whltespot in forehead. BRILLIANTstrain,
good style and well grown.

THOS R. SMITH,
Lincoln, Loudoun coonty, Va.

OAK ■ GROVE ■ STOCK - FARM

offers for sale a num-
ber of fine ESSEX PIGS '
November delivery. Also,
some choice POLAND
SHOATS, March, 1904, i
farrow. $15 per pair. '
Your orders solicited. All stock as represented.
L. Q. JONES, Tobaccoville, N. C.

Salt Pond Herd.

DUROCJERSEYS

Home of PaulJ. 21625, Also Lulu'* Pet 40434.
Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write
(or what you want.

S. A. WHITTAKPR, Hopeilde, Va.

0. I. C. PIGS

FROM REQ. STOCK
FOR SALE. PRICES RIGHT.
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va.

HI
AND MAMMOTH BRONZe TURKEYS

AT FARMERS PRICKS.

S. M. WISECARVER, Rustburg, Va

1904.]

TTIE SOUTHERN PLANTER

833

BEAUTIFUL mm PICTURE °3 DAN PATCH Wm FREE

^"PRINTED IN SIX BRILLIANT COLORS. SIZE 24 BY 34 INCHES. =53*

of Dan wh le he

and life like as i
of the ground.

i large reproduction of the above engraving;

. photograph taken

ally (

: colors, and iamadi.

i~finest molion photograph t ever-taken nnd ie as natural

irk the tr.-ck Tb-'s i ilMuio tho\~3 J 'an flyinpthr uph the air with every foot off
entirely free of uJvertisiug and makes a very fine horse picture for framing.

MAS

jOSTAGE
REPAID

IF- YOU WRITE TO US -A.INID ANS\VER THESE 2 QUESTIONS:
lst.-How Much Stock Of All Kinds Do You Own? and.— Name Paper In Which Xou Saw This Offer.

Address Owners atOnce.JNTERN ATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., Minneapolis, Minn.

3 FEEDS goR ONE CENT

International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn. David City, Nebraska.

Gentlemen:— I have used your "International Stock Food" for several years for my Hogs, Cattle and

Horses. No person can afford to get along without it providing he wants to save feed, have healthv.

thrifty, clean good looking animals with big profit. I could hardly raise hogs without it. For pigs that
r used, as even the runts at once commence to grow as if bv tnr.gic
very day. Respectfully yours, MATT MILLER.

y In the World.
10,000.(10.

avlni Shown Our New
Htpolb Factory.

S Acres of Monr Space. ! i, ' cic, «r nan

ilory nl Toronto, Canada, Cash anU Nlitrli Con

n« 60,0(10 Fe<

Addr,

Sot the True Eiperien
■ ■
a to;. j of Our Kiaely III
:ains an Extra F:ne Ve'er
INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO

J0 If They A

Desire Anv Former Jntormali.-n aoottl
k Book Conlainlnc 183 Engrarlngi from Life Tli
Letter R-q

ui :v.-<u-

I Stock
t I » Over ?3000"
i :;? ;»:.iiifd Free
apolis, Minn., U. S. A.

DON'T USE ANY OP" THESE PREPARATIONS

Except wilh (he understanding that Yon Art. To Hate Y-ar Money Refunded promptly in «ny ease or failure. We authorise our One Hundred Thousand Dealer* to sell every

package or botlle on the "Spot Cash Guarantee" which Is printed oa every label. Vtu positively guarantee that OOP "Spot Cash Guarantee" will be lived up to In every detail.
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Prepared and Sold on a "Spot Cash Guarantee" by INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., Minneapolis, Minn.

834

TTIE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

BETTER READ THIS

As it is positively the best

Shorthorn Offerinq

you ever run across.

My stuck won prizes

at the Hagerstown Fair,

the greatest Maryland

show.
I am oflering Cows and

Bull Calves at ridicu-
lously low prices, because I will sell
them when I see only a small profit. I
can raise a Shorthorn almost as cheaply
as a scrub can be raised. Remfmber I
have as well-bred stuff in Shorthorns as
will be found in the United States, and
will not be undersold, all things con- wilh th js ]sgue
eidered .

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

A new advertiser in this issue, is
.Mr. P. H. Gold, Winchester, Va. He
is offering some finely bred Berkshires
and a herd boar.

The Breeders' Gazette has a full
pape ad elsewhere in this number. All
stockmen should take this paper.

J. B. Cretors is offering a storm
apron and hood. Look up his adver-
tisement.

The Star Pea Machine is advertising
a Pea Huller which is guaranteed to
give satisfaction.

Meyer & Jehne have several ads In
this issue which are sure to interest
scores of our readers.

Charles Veirs is closing out his
Shorthorns. Look up his offering.

Clairmont Farm is offering bargains
in poultry and turkeys.

A number of very desirable farms
are offered for sale in this issue.

Shorthorns, Percherons, and Berk-
shires are advertised by John F. Lswis.

The Bateman Mfg. Co. maker of the
celebrated "Iron Age" Implements and
tools, start the season's advertising

Percherons

of the best type and blood, as well as

Berkshire Hoqs

always on hand at low figures.

COMB AND INSPECT MY STOCK.

JOHN F. LEWIS,

LYNNWOOD STOCK FARM, LYNNWOOD, VA

■«> REGISTERED CATTLE. <**

Short Horns.
Polled Durhams.
Red Polls.

Who wan n a few good Hulls, Heifers or Cows?
Choice herd, bred and reared In lhe mountains
of Western Texas, below the fe»erlin». Htaitliy.
hardy stock. Write ub your wauls Or will sell
entire Herd of three hundred bead, aud rent
floe ranch reasonably. Splendid Opportunity.

LANDA CATTLE COMPANY,

New Braunfels, Texas.
Breeders of Registered Cattle Only.

COOK'SCREEK HERD

SCOTCH -TOPPED
SHORTHORNS...

Herd Headed by Governor
Tyler, l.w>4\ 1st prize aged bull at Radford Kalr,
Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection
and correspondence Invited.
HEATWOLE & SITTER, Dale Enterprise, Va

REGISTERED

SHORT HORN BULL,

"PLAIN DEALING." for sale to avoid In-
breeding. Bred by Cottrell Bros., Hooslck
Falls, N. Y., and Is of well established milk-
ing strain. Solid deep red and of line form
and finish. Weight, 1650 pounds. Price, $76.
JOS. WILMKR, Rapldan, Va.

The Hook-Hardie Co. is offering its
Spray Pumps in an attractive ad on
another page.

The Landa Cattle Co. would like to
communicate with stockmen wanting
some pure-bred bulls.

Thoroughly responsible agents and
solicitors are wanted by Mr. jr. B.
Crabtree.

A splendid Majiolini Red Poll Bull
is offered by Mr. H. B. Arbuckle. Look
up the ad.

Mr. Ed. S. Schmid would like to mail
his beautiful catalogue of all kinds of
fanciers stock and poultry to interested
parties.

Angora Goats, Cheshire Hogs and
Ponies are advertised by Dr. Wm. C.
Johnson, Frederick. Md. Send for a
circular.

Dan Patch. 1.66 broke another record
on Nov. 17th, at Oklahoma City by
going the mile in 2.03 on a half mile
track. A full page ad of him will he
found in this issue. Refer to the ad
and get his picture.

The Columbia Incubator Co. Is
among the new advertisers in this
issue. Look up the ad.

The Electric Wheel Co. has a couple
of ads on another page.

The Cyphers Incubator Co. starts
the season's advertising with this
issue. Send for its new catalogue.

The Virginia-Carolina Chemical Co.
have an attractive ad In another
column.

The German Kali Works resume
their advertising In this issue.

A charitable young lady, visiting a
sick woman, inquired, with a view to
further relief, as to her family. She
asked: "Is your husband kind to you?"
'Oh, yes, Miss." was the instant re-
| sponse, "he's kind— very kind. Indeed,
| you might say he's more like a friend
than a husband."

REGISTERED

SHORTHORNS

A few choice BULL CALVES 6 months old
for sale at reasonable prices. Write me for
further Information. I. S. EBERLY, Glen-
dale. Va.

WILLOW GLEN

Short = Horns.

Special offering of two and three year old
belfers with calves at side. Also nine head
of splendid young bulls. Prices low If sold
at once. Inspection Invited. DR. D. M.
KIPPS, Front Royal, Va.

Springwood Short-Horns

Young stock for sale, sired by Royal Chief.
No. 185432; he by Imported Royal Stamp.
Champion Bull at Ohio State Fair this year.
Spring and fall Poland China Pigs and
shoats; sired by Coler's Perfection. I will
sell this bog at a bargain. Call on or writ*
WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va.

REGISTERED

SHORTHORNS.

Having concluded to close out my herd, I
offer for sale, 6 LARGE COWS and CALVES
from Imp. Josephine Marquis of Bute, 116453;
also a nice lot of heifers. CHAS. VEIKS,
Rockvllle, Md.

ELLERSLIE FARM^
Thoroughbred Horses

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure bouthdown Sheep
and Berkshire Fig*.

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON,
Charlottesville, Va.

OAK-HILL FARM.

SADDLE HORDES, JERSEY
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT-
TLE. BERKSHIRE. POLAND
CHINA, RED JERSEY, and TAM-
WORTH HOQS, FOR SALE

WHITE FOR PRICKS.

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Staiinn on farm)

on D. A W. Ky. 16 miles nest of Danville, Va.

SAM'L HAIRSTO.V,

Wenonda, Va.

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM

Shorthorn

calves from fine milking stock.

Yorkshire Pigs

of prolific breed.
JAMES M. HOOE, Hamilton, Va.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

835

COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM.

FINE STOCK

FOR SALE LOW

7-8 and 15-1B GRADE ANGUS BULLS and
HEIFERS from 6 months to 2 years old. One
Bull Calf, half Angus and half Short-Horn.
Fine family Milk Cows fresh, young and
gentle. One pair splendid 1,200-pound Bay
Mares 6 years old, first-class all-round farm
teams, and very good roadsters. One fine
SADDLE MARE, 4 years old, very handsome
and stylish, e\ery gait, Hackney and Ham-
bletonlan. One beautiful DRIVING MARE,
coming 4 years old, three-fourths Hackney,
one-fourth Hambletonlan. These Mares are
well bred and nice enough for any one.
Pure-bred Poland-China Pigs at $5 each.
Pure-bred Llewellyn Setter Pups, $5 each.
Silver-Laced Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul-
lets at fl each.

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, Saxe, Va.

ANGUS HERD BULL

FOR SALE

To prevent Inbreeding, we offer our herd
bull. PAGAN, 26416; sire BARONET NOSE-
GAY, 13S69; dam, PRINCESS ERICA OF
LINN, 10369. Pagan Is 7 years old, welgbt,
2,000 pounds, vigorous, active, perfectly bro-
ken, an excellent sire. Address ROSE DALE
STOCK FARM , Jeffersonton. Va.

MONTEBELLO HERD

ABERDEEN=ANGUS
CATTLE.

FOB 6ALE— Registered Bull calves
from 3 months old, up.

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va
. . . REGISTERED . . .

ANGUS BULLS,

BERKSHIRE PIGS, of
Biltmore Strains. J. P
THOMPSON, Orange Va.

To reduce my herd of

JERSEYS

BULL CALVES,

4 to 6 mos. old. One Is a son of RIOTA'S
PRIMA DONNA, tested 17% lbs. butter in 7
days; the other, a son of LADY MADELINE
who gave 200 lbs. more milk per month than
her own weight. Price, $50 each; also 10

JERSEY HEIFERS,

from 6 to 15 mos. old. from my very best
cows, and no better In Virginia, for $30 each.
These cattle are in fine condition, kindly
handled, and will make valuable animals.
A. R. VENABLE. JR., Manager, Farmville,
Va.

MAGAZINES.

It is impossible even to summarize
in a single paragraph tin many and
varied attractions wh ch The Youth's
Companion announces for the coming
year.

A series of articles planned to inter-
est especially the forty-five millions of
Americans who look directly to the soil
for their subsistence will treat of
"New Fields for Young Farmers,"
"The Sanitation of the Farm," "The
Future of American Cotton," "How
Women Make Money on the Farm,"
etc.

Seven serial stories and 250 short
stories by the most talented and pop-
ular American writers of fiction will
form part of the contents of the new
volume for 1905.

Full Illustrated Announcement de-
scribing the principal features of The
Companion's new volume for 1905 will
be sent, with sample copies of the pa-
per, to any address free.

The new subscriber who sends $1.75
now for a year's subscription to The
Companion receives free all the issues
of The Companion for the remaining
weeks of 1904, also The Companion
"Carnations" Calendar for 1905, litho-
graphed in twelve colors and gold.
THE YOUTH'S COMPANION. 144
Berkeley street, Boston, Mass.

There is always one by which the
rest are measured. In the magazine
world that one has always been and is
to-day The Century. Ask writers
where their best productions are first
offered; ask editors which magazine
they would rather conduct; ask public
men where articles carry most influ-
ence; ask artists where they would
prefer to be represented; ask the pub-
lic what magazine is the first choice
among people of real influence, and
the answer to each question Is the
same: "The Century." ^.re you going
to have the best in la05?

The new volume of The Century be-
gins with November. Yearly sub-
scription $4. A year's subscription
and the twelve numbers of the preced-
ing year — complete serials, novels, sto-
ries, Jack London's "The Sea-Wolf,"
Dr. Mitchell's "Youth of Washington,"
etc., etc. — back numbers and subscrip-
tion for coming year, $5. THE CEN-
TUBY CO.. Union Square. New York.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

The December Delineator, with its
message of good cheer and helpfulness,
will be welcomed in every home. The
fashion pages are unusually attractive,
illustrating and describ.ng the very
latest modes in a way to make their
construction during the busy festive
season a pleasure instead of a task,
and the literary and pictorial features
are of rare excellence. A selection of
Love Songs from the Wagner Operas,
rendered Into English by Bichard de
Gallienne and beautifully Illustrated
in colors by J. C. Lf/endecker, occu-
pies a prominent place, and a chapter

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm

Ha* for sale a large num-
mg regie

JERSEY BULLS
AND HEIFEHS.

None better bred Id the South. Combining
closely the must noted and up-to-date blood
In America. Bulls 4 to 6 uioutba old, (26;
Hellers, aame agt, J35. POLAND CHINA
PIGS, $t> each. Send check aud get what
you want.

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop., Battleboro. N. C.

REGISTERED JERSEY BULL.

The magnificent 2 year old REG. JERSEY
BULL, "Joe K." Finest blood, kind and
without a blemish. Also pure bred BERK-
SHIRE PIGS lun. 2 mos. old; fine as silk,
and sired by the grand registered boar,
"Brandywine." Also two pure bred 8 mos.
old Berkshire brood sows, supposed to be
witb pig by the boar "Brandywine." Prices
reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed or money
refunded. Address JAMES N. SAUNDERS,
Brandywine, Caroline county, Va.

fcHOKOUUH-BRED.

Berkshire Boars,
Dorset Buck Lambs,
Jersey Bull Calves.

All stock In best of condition and
guaranteed as represented.

F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle, Md.

THE WuODSIDE HERD.

FOR SALE, 2 grandly oreiL

JERSEY BULLS,

1 year old. For prices and descrip-
tion, address,
DAVID ROBFRTS, Hoorestown, N.J.

EVERGREEN DA>RY AND STOCK FARM

OFFERS FOR SALE

FEGISTERED JERSEY BULL

2%-year old. son of "Riota's Prim-t Donna," who
levied 17% lb", of hui er in 7 d*ys.

BROWN LEGHORN CHICKENS, n5 cents each;
healihy and Meh bred birds.

W. a. UaTES, Rice Depot. Va,

FOR SALE, TWO (ROSS-BRED

* Jersey- Aldernev*

Cows: one frch, other milking now. Pedigree!
furnished. Haigains. M. R WALLACE,24N.
Laurel street. Richmond, Va.

Woodland Dorsets.

At 6 grea' State Fairs this year, we
won every first, but two. At St. Louis,
we won spcond on Ewe Lamb and third
on Ram L»mb, against the strongest
Dorset Sh'^w ever seen in Ameiica.
,1. E WING & Bros., Mechanicsburg. O.

DORSETS^
HEREFORDS

H ARYSTROr G, Lantz Mills. Va.

Mention The Soothibw Plaktxb la
writing.

836

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

in the composers' Series relating the
Romance of Wagner and Coslma, is an
interesting supplemert to the lyrics. A
rery clever paper entitled, "The Court
Circles of the Republic," describes
some unique phases of Washington
social life is from an unnamed con-
tributor, who is said to write from the
inner circles of society. There are
short stories from the pens of F. Hop-
kinson Smith, Robe-t Grant, Alice
Brown. Mary Stewart Cutting snd El-
more Elliott Peake, and such Interest-
ing writers as Julia MagTuder, L.
Frank Raum. and ^race MacGowan
Cooke hold the attention of the chil-
dren. Many Christ uas suggestions are
given in needlework anC the Cookery
pages are redolent of the Christmas
feast. In addition there are the regu-
lar departments of the magazine, with
many special articles on topics relating
to woman's interests Tltiun and with-
out the home.

The Review of Revieios for Decem-
ber presents a series of contributed
articles of unusual variety aud in-
terest. Mr. Walter Wellman writes
on "The United States and the World's
Peace Movement." Mr. Winthrop L.
Marvin describes the work of the
Merchant Marine Commission, ap-
pointed during the last session of Con-
gress to investigate American shipping
conditions In our great ports. The
four "men of the month" chosen as
the subjects for character sketches are
Chief Engineer Wi'liam Barclay Par-
sons, of the New York Rapid Transit
Commission: President David Row-
land Francis, of the Louisiana Pur-
chase Exposition; Chairman George B.
Cortelyou, of the Republican National
Committee, and Governor-elect William
L. Douglas, of Massachusetts. Mr.
William C. Edgar gives an interesting
account of the Oiibway Indians' play
of "Hiawatha." as presented at D'es-
barats. Ontario, on the shores of
Georgian Bay; the article is illustrated
from photographs of the Indian
players in costume. Mr. Clarence H.
Pee tells the story of the remarkable
rejuvenation of rural North Carolina,
illustrating his article with pictures
showing the great advance in the
educational appliances provided by the
Slate for both whites and blacks. "The
Hawaiian Sugar Product" is tnp title
of a valuable illustrated article by
Lewis R. Freeman. Mr. W. J. Hender-
son, the well-known musical critic,
contributes a forecast of the musical
season in New York, just opening,
with portraits of the conductors and
several of the most famous stars. Mr.
H. it. Suter outlines the work of the
American Forestry Congress to be
held at Washington In January. Mr.
Ernest Knaufft contributes an article
entitled "Modern Picture-Book Child-
ren." in which he sets forth the char-
acteristics of the new group of il-
lustrators of childhood who are now
claiming so much attention in the il-
lustrated magazines. There is a brief

Larger Crops at Less cost

i« always the res ll I of n»ln« Iron Aie Irnple-
m>nta. Bring butll to get the greatest possible re-
sult* for labor expeudet. they do farm and garden work
bett-r and quicker than any lools made. A new Iron Age lm-
pl»m = nt, and one th«t 1? very successful 1* No. 19-wheel Plow and
Ivaior. It Is aimide. str me and light rann'ng. Comblues the t.est
wheel pi.iw and cultivator ever produced. Like all other Iron Age Imple-
ments, it's guaranteed to gve enure sat'sfaclion.

.in can make more money, sove more, and lessen yonr work, if yon send

for he Iron *«e Book for 1005. It describes Seed Drills. Wheel Hoes,

RtrMne 'n tivators Potato Planters, Hor«e Hoes and Cultivators.

k i:<r.| yon the prices and all detaili. 'the book is free. « rlta at

once.

BATEMAN MFG. CO.,

Grenloch, N. J.
BOX 167.

FOREST HOME FARM

Produces Four Crops- viz.,

Jersevs, Jersey Cream,
Berkshires, and Berkshire Sausaqe,

In producing Cream we have Skim Milk by the hundreds of gallons to feed our
H >g3 Then we buy Germ 0.1 Meal by the car load. Now you know why our
Hogs grow so rapidly, and are so in demand. Write
FOREST HOME FARM, Purcellville, Va.

FOR SALE.
10 Registered Jersey Heifers

Due to calve this fall and winter.

Several Registered HEIFER CALVES, four months old, at
$25 each, if taken this month, and a few BULL CALVES at
farmers' prices.

Also several GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERKSHIRE
BOARS, SOWS andPIGS.

Two grand guard Dogs (Danes) , 6 months old, at $20 each.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

:-: SOME VERY FINE

Red Polled

Calves, entitled to registry, for sale; also ■

few very good

Poland China Pigs

whose breeding cannot be excelled. Only
one SHETLAND PONT for sale now.
ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM. SAML B.
WOODS. Propr., Charlottesville, Va.

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM.

Red Poll Bull Calf.

Majiolini is greatest bull of breed. This calf
carries his blood. His dam also traces back
to Rufus. Can't you trust this blood* Calf
now ready. You men in Virginia order
quick if you want to get a promising young-
ster. H. B. ARBVJCKLE, Maxwelton. W. Va.

IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE?

If so, list it with us. No sale, no charee.

Largest list of farms far sale in Virginia.

Write for Free Cataloene

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., <"nc. Richmond, Virqinia.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

837

Castalia Herefords

A competent judge of International experience, who has recently inspected the CAS-
TALIA HEREFORDS, pronounces of them:

"You have made a convincing demonstration here of two things; of the value of your
judgment in combining blood lines and your capacity to make steady progress toward the ideal
that you hold, and you have demonstrated the superior fitness of Hereford cattle for Virginia
grass, and of Virginia grass for Hereford cattle."

This opinion, unsolicited, came to me as a' complete sur-

prise, and brought the Olive -^>'1**1 "'■*'*" "'^^HIS^ Branch of victory and a

great deep satisfaction to j^ ^tStt ^V know that my efforts of

years to found a Hereford f jM 4 IJk Breeding Herd in "Ole

Virginie," second to none CM fi'4: '•"->,-HL'\ *n t*ie United States in

quality and breeding, are f | H :■ ll bearing fruit. I refer

readers to my advertise- I - \. I ments in the last three

numbers of the Southern 1 Wf tjtijglwg^M ■ P» Planter pp. 633, 703, 763.

I have recently sold year jL. !~ '^wSn"^ 1 liug bulls toEssex and Hen-

rico Counties, and am norr \ •& receiving more inquiries for

prices and information ^H^tom**^^^^^^*' about Hereford cattle than

at any time in the past two years.

Every farmer who owns cattle WANTS Herefords, and NOW is the time to buy; cat-
tle have reached low tide, and cattle men all over the country expect a gradual rise in prices of
both pure bred breeding stock and beef stock. The Hereford bulls crossed on the native cows
of Virginia make the best veals, the best stockers and feeders and the best butchers' stock on
the market. I have some yearling bulls which are beauties and at rock bottom prices. ALSO
FOR SALE

Bull Calves dropped this fall, and Breeding Cows in calf. A few Cows with calf at foot.

Call and make your selection or write.

MURRAY BOOCOCK,

Keswick,

Virginia.

838

THE SOUTIIERX PLAXTER.

[December,

account of the trials of the New York
Central's electric locomotive at Sche-
nectady last month, with two very in-
teresting illustrations from photo-
graphs. "What Port Arthur means to
Japan" is clearly set forth by
Kinnosuke, with a map of Port Ar-
thur and its surrounding defenses.
Fifteen pages in this number are
detoted to the season's new hooks,
including portraits of many of the
authors and other illustrations. In
the editorial department. "The Prog-
ress of the World." there is a full
discussion of the resul*-
tions. of the North Sea episode and
Its bearings on Anglo-Russian rela-
tions, of the latest development? in •
far East, and various other matters ot
international interest

Richardson's charming pictures in
color, illustrating that jolly new serial.
"Queen Zixi of Ix," by Frank Baum,
are a notable feature of the December
St Nicholas, as worthy a Christmas
stocking number as any child could
wish. There are two colored insets
this month, besides several illustra-
tions on the text pages of "Queen
Zixi of Ix;" and the pretty fairy story
continues to tempt the older members
of the family to monopolize the maga-
zine till "Queen Zixi" at least is read.

Two other serials now running in
St Nicholas are probably the most
notable and valuable that have ever
been offered by a periodical for young
people. "How to Study Picturps." by
Charles H. Caff in: and "The Practical
Boy," by Joseph H. Adams, are nota-
ble and valuable. There are repro-
ductions this month of Albrecht
Durer's "The Adoration of the Magi"
and Leonardo da Vinci's "Virgin of
the Rocks," and of Wohlgemuth's
"The Death of the Virgin" and
Raphael's "Madonna Degli Ansidei," to
illustrate Mr. Caffin's discussion of
these artists and their work. Mr.
Adams tells this month, so clearly and
helpfully that any handy boy can work
out the suggestions, how to fit up a
bov's room, book-tower, table, desk,
chairs, bed, even to the wall decora-
tion The illustrations offer hints also
for those interested in novel and
artistic furniture.

"I ittle Tote.'' the story of a carrier
pigeon that traveled eight thousand
miles to reach home, is a true tale, Its
author having owned Pete's grand-
father and being well acquainted with
the wonderful ways of Pete and other
carrier pigeons.

Strikingly appropriate to the elec-
tion season is the novelette in the
Christmas number of Mppinrott's
Sfaoazinr. Its author is AMen March
one of the Editors of the Philadelphia
Prrsf;. and its title is "A Darling
Traitor." In It there is a deft com-
mingling of love and politics a nd a
deep sub-stratum of real humor. The
scene at dinner between the priest and
a crooked politician is intensely dra-

Ifi§ Grove Stock Farm

I OFFFR AT RIGHT PRICES THE FOLLOWING STOCK:
One yearling HO LSTE I N-FRI ES I AN BULL,
Seven BULL CALVES i same breed), 2 to 6 months old
(These ealvtrs are from heavy milktrs),

Six BERKSHIRE SOWS (1 year old),
Ten BERKSHIRE SOWS (5 months old).
All of the above will be registered and transferred to the buyer.

K. & W and Southern Railways.

T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va.

JNO. S. FUNK, Glen Farm.

Importer and Breeder of POLLED DURHAM CATTLE.

Reds and roans. Can fur-
nish bull calves or cows
and heifers In car lots.
SOUTHDOWN SHEEP.
POLAND CHINA HOGS.
R. F. D. 7. Harrisonburg,
Va.

Deep Creek, Va.,

October 8. 1904.

JOHN S. FUNK, Esq.:

Dear Sir.— I received
the calf on the Mh. safe
and 6ound. Every one
that has seen him says he
Is the finest and largest
for his age that thej ever
saw. I would like for you
to have blm registered for
u e when he Is old enough.
T am highly pleased
with pig and calf hmh.
Yours truly,
W. T. CULPEPPER.

When corresponding wtib our advertisers always mention the
Southern Planttr.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

839

RNSEYS

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, Esq.

LARGE HERD OF FASHIONABLY BRED REG-
ISTERED ANIMALS, INCLUDING COWS IN THE
ADVANCED REGISTRY. HERD HEADED BY THE
BRILLIANTLY BRED IMPORTED BULL,

TOP NOTCH No. 9023.

The Dam of this Bull, Imported ITCHEN BEDA, took 1st prize at the "Park
Royal" Show in England in 1902, and her daughter ITCHEN BEDA II, took the
same honors in 1904: further, Imported TOP NOTCH'S Dam, ITCHEN BEDA, en-
tered the official advanced Registry of the American Guernsey Cattle Club this year
with a record FOR THE YEAR of 10642.10 lbs. of milk; 518.70 lbs. of butter fat,
equivalent to 640.15 lbs. of butter.

The Pedigree of Imported TOP NOTCH, with some of the achievements and
prizes won in the direct line of his ancestry, are given below :

TOP NOTCH, 9023. bred by Sir Henry Tichborne, of England, was sired by Rival, 1343 E, and is out of Imp. Iteben Beda.
15(527. His father. Rival, by Rival of Mont March. M64, P. S., out of Clatford Gentle, 4746, E.(flrst prize English Royal,
B. & W. E. and Royal C, 1900). His mother, Itehen Beda, 15627 (see record above): she by Loyal of Hunguets, 978, P. 3.
(first prlve. 1896, second prize, 1898); sire of Itehen Lady, Hayes Lily du Preel. His extended pedigree Is Impossible In this
space, but will be furnished If desired. It goes back to winners of the Queen's prizes, as well as to members of her lata
Majesty's Prize Herd.

MORVEN PARK is situated in Loudoun County, Virginia, and because of its
climate and soil is peculiarly adapted to the production of the highest class of an mal
life, and particularly to supply the needs of Southern breeders of pedigreed cattle.

i REGISTERED and TUBERCULIN TESTED animals for sale, including a fine
lot of BULL CALVES at reasonable prices.

For further particulars, Address-

LIVESTOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK,

LEESBURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

840

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

matic, while the character work — from
freckled-faced, devil-may-care Joe, the
office boy, to the irresistible Edith
North — is undeniably strong. It is
predicted that "A Darling Traitor"
will appear on the stage before long.

General Charles King leads the
shorter fiction with one of his inimit-
able Indian war stories. This is called
"The Boy that Couldn't Stand Fire,"
and it begets the thrill which goes
with a tale of valor that rings true.
A charming Christmas story by
Phoebe Lyde is "The Abbot of Bon-
Accord." Its fanciful theme and deli-
cate treatment adapt themselves to the
holidays. Baroness von Hutten contri-
butes one of her delightful "According
to Lady Moyle" stories. This time it
is "About Mademoiselle Ziska," a
snake-charmer, who falls victim to the
fascinations of Lady Moyle's butler
and almost causes his downfall. "A
Crustacean Courtship." by Mabel Nel-
son Thurston, is a clever tale of coun-
try life in which love and lobsters take
part. Arthur Hendrick Vandenburg
has a special gift for the writing of
entertaining "Trust" fiction. In "Bar-
low and the Octopus" he tells how a
young fellow lacking business experi-
ence but possessing considerable
acumen, comes out ahead in a deal
with the "Gas-Meter Combine." "Bil-
lets-Doux," another Christmas story,
is by Thomas Cobb. In this some love- 1
letters-in-wrong-hands are involved l
and make a breezy tale. It is the time
of year when a "bargain" seems
specially appealing." So it does to
the girl in Clinton Dangerfield's story
entitled "The Shears of Destiny." In
this case a rich husband is part of her
bargain.

A momentous paper on "The Regu-
lar and the Savage" is written by a
Lieutenant of the United States Army,
in the Philippines. This is so radical
ab to be likely to provoke both con-
firmation and denial.

Harper's Illustrated Weekly is still
one of the best of the illustrated papers
both in its pictorial and literary mat-
ter. The opening article by the Editor
is always full of matter worthy of
careful reading and suggestive of
thoughts on subjects of present
moment.

The following is a mere suggestion
of the contents of the November
Woman's Home Companion: "Elec-
tion-Night in a Great Newspaper
Office." by Hartley Davis; "The Rise
and Fall of Sully. King of Cotton." by
Henry Irving Dodge; "A Visit to Sod-
House Land," by Charles M. Harger;
"Saiut Patrick's Purgatory," by
Seumas MacManus; "The Strike and
the Housewife." by Henry Harrison
Lewis; "The College Girl's Memory-
Book," by Martha Cobb Sanford; "The
Girl and the Game," by Ralph Henry
Barbour; "The King of Diamonds." by
Louis Tracy; "How Wild Animals
Prepare for Winter," by Ernest Har-

IN THE FAMILY
OR ON THE FARM

FOR MAN
OR BEAST

SLOANS LINIMENT

KILLS PAIN h ALL
KILLS GERMS DEALERS

Our spring pigs have all been sold and we are now booking orders for

:f* a. Hi Ij pigs

for November and December delivery. The great display of
Large Yorkshires at the recent Live Stock Show at the World's
Fair, shows the growing popularity of this profitable bacon breed.

^^ Jersey Bulls and Heifers,

from our high testing herd.

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va.

POLAND CHINAS

I am selling them lust, but still have a few
choice pies i.uors aud bred s. ws left that 1 m>w
offer a redured prices iu order to reduce my stock
before r-eb. and March litters arrive. I do .'I be-
lieve there is a better bred herd of fnland Chinas
in Virginia than mine, and their Individuality is so
good i hit I am wil.irig to ship, rattjeei to return, at
*oy expense li not exactly as represen'ed

My prices are lower t'hnn e»er, for this month.
Write for prices and tesilm'-n als.

J. F. DUKRE 'Th, Btrdwood, Albemarle Co , Va.

50

POLAND-CHINA
AND TAMWORTH

pigs, 3 and 4 months old, eligible to registration $6.50 w 11
buy the best of them. The first orders will get the pick of the lot.
A few nice boars ready for service, al*o for sale.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

1904.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

841

old Baynes; "Correct Clothes for
School-Girls," "Frocks for Little
Folks" and "Smart Fashions for Early
Winter," by Grace Margaret Gould. It
is a valuable, up-to-date, progressive
magazine. Published by The Crowell
Publishing Company, Springfield, 0.;
one dollar a year; ten cents a copy.

The Cosmopolitan is especially note-
worthy for its illustrations which are
beautifully executed.

Caller — I never saw two children
look so much alike. How does your
mother tell you apart?

One of the Twins — She finds out by
tin' us. Dick cries louder'n I do.

REPORTS.
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C. Annual Re-
port of the Secretary of Agricul-
ture, 1904.

The Secretary of Agriculture has
transmitted his Eighth Annual Re-
port to the President.

In opening his report the Secre-
tary enumerates some of the more
important features of the year's work.
Among them are extensive co-opera-
tion with agricultural stations; the
taking of preliminary steps to con-
duct feeding and breeding experi-
ments; the war waged against the cot-
ton boll weevil and against cattle
mange; plans for education of en-
gineers in road building; the produc-
tion of a hardy orange, a hybrid
of the Florida orange and the Jap-
anese trifoliata; valuable research in
successful shipping of fruit abroad;
the value of nitrogen-fixing bacteria;
successful introduction of plants
suited to light rainfall areas; estab-
lishment of pure food standards; the
extension of agricultural education in
primary and secondary schools; the
extension of instruction to our island
possessions to enable them to supply
the country with $200,000,000 worth
of domestic products, now imported
from abroad.

He then proceeds to discuss the
place of agriculture in the country's
Industrial life.

AGRICULTURE AS A SOURCE OF NATIONAL
WEALTH.

The corn crop of 1904 yields a farm
value greater than ever before. The
farmers could from the proceeds of
this single crop pay the National
debt, the interest thereon for one
year, and still have enough left to
pay a considerable portion of the Gov-
ernment's yearly expenses. The cot-
ton crop, valued for lint and seed at
600 millions, comes second, while hay
and wheat contend for the third place.
Combined, these two crops will about
equal in value the corn crop. Not-
withstanding the wheat crop shows
a lower production than any year
since 1900, the farm value is the high-
est since 1881. Potatoes and barley
reached their highest production in
1904; save in 1902 the oat crop was

'Twas the night before Christinas

"I'll give my boy a.

STEVENS

I know he would rather have that than anything
else in the world, and it's a good thing for any
boy to have — it will quicken his eye and judg-
ment, and strengthen his nerve."

"It's about time Dad got a

STEVENS

I if only for use in protecting our stock, and for
the feeling of safety it gives. It generally hap-
pens that you feel the need of a gun most when

'\ you haven't one, and as it's not much use
'closing the stable door after the horse is stolen,'
I guess I'll buy him one now."

"Sister always did want a

STEVENS

and why shouldn't she have one — it's fine sport,
good exercise, and rounds out and strengthens
a girl's character and nerve. The girl who
knows how to handle a gun is the girl with the
quick eye, elastic step and easy grace, with
her wits always about her."

"Uncle Joe will be delighted— it's a.

STEVENS

■y He's a man that lias handled a gun from boyhood.

I When he first tried a 'Stevens' he said : 'might
as well stop right here — couldn't get a better
fire stick than this if I tried 'till doomsday.'"

A great book of 140 popes of interest ins articles on hunting,
target shooting, etc., r'KKE. Enclose 4c. to cover postage.

•I. STEVENS ARMS AND TOOL CO.,

• 3*1 .Pine Street, Chicopee Falls, Mass., U.S. A.

\Asurprise for everybody- a 'STEVENS

ANGORA BUCKS.

Now is the time for your Angora Bucks.

5 two-year old. 5 ihree-year old, and 15 KM Bucks all registered or high-grade ANGORAS-
ran spare a very fen ANGO <A DOES wiih toese B lek* if wanted I'bts lot Is 9lred by our fi'te
reg. t'allfnrnla and Kunms Bucks. You need new blood la your flooks. Don't let your Goats
degenerate, but get a new buck. *rri A

DIAMOND V RANCH, Rock Castle, Va.

EDGE WOOD STOCK-FARM.
* * PORSETS.**

— Our FALL LAMBS are here, friends, and they are crackerjacks. Our
Imported Ewes started lamhlng October 16th._ Better glre us your o:ders_
now. Last year many of you were too late. --_ Z^.f — ™~ .„ __ £&

C^^1 i J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwalton, Greenbrier7Co., W. Va.

When corresponding with oar advertisers always mention the
Southern Planter.

842

THE SOUTHER X PLANTER.

[December,

never so large by 60 million bushels.
The present crop of rice promises a
yield of 900 million pounds— 300 mil-
lion more than ever before.

Horses and mules reach the highest I
point this year, with an average value i
exceeding 1.354 million dollars. On)
the ether hrmrt cattle, sheep, and hogs ;
all show a slight decline.

The steady advance in poultry leads |
to some astonishing figures. The ,
farmers' hens now produce 13 billions
of dozens of eggs and at the high
average price of the year the hens
during their busy season lay enough
eggs in a single month to pay tbe
year's interest on the national debt.

After a careful estimate of the
value of the products of the farm
during 1904, made within the census
scope, it is safe to place the amount
at 4 POO million dollars after exclud-
ing the value of farm products fed to
live stock in order to avoid duplica-
tion of values. This Is 9.G5 per cent. |
above the produce of 1903. and 31.28 J
per cent, above that of the census year i
1899.

Some comparisons are necessary to
the realization of such an unthinkable
value, aggregating nearly five billions
of dollars. The farmers of this coun- [
trv have in two years produced wealth
exceertins the output of all the gold
mines of tbe entire world since Col-
umbus discovered America. This ,
year's product is over six times the i
amount of the capital stock of all
national -banks, it lacks but three
fourths of a billion dollars of the
value of the manufactures of 1900.
less the cost of materials used; it is]
three tiroes the gross earnings from j
the operations of the railways, and
four times the value of the minerals
produced in this country.

The year 190 1 keeps well up to the
average of exports of farm products
during the five years 1899-1903.
amounting to over 859 millions, while
tbe average for the five years was
nearlv 805 millions. During the last
15 years the balance of trade In favor
of t v. is country, all articles considered,
evrpprfed 4.384 million dollars, but
taking farm products alone, these
showed a balance In our favor of more
thaif 5.300 millions.

Reviewing the Increase in farm
capital tvio Secretin* estimates it
conservatively at 2 000 million dollars
within four years — this without recog-
nizing the marked increase in tbe
value of land during tbe past two
years. The most startling figures
ehown as Illustrating the farmers'
prosperity are those presented by
deposits in banks in tvpleal aericul-
tura! States. The Secretarv selects for
this illustration Iowa. Kansas, and
Mississippi. Taking all kinds of
benVs. National. State, private, and
savings, the deposits Increased from
50. 1R90, to October 31. 1904. in
Iowa. 104 per cent., in Kansas 219
per cent., and in Mlssisslnni 301 per
cent. — in the United States 91 per

HOG * BOOK •* FREE!

Latest Revised Edition.

"HOGOLOGY," my book about bogs, will
be sent FREE tt you mention Southern
Planter when writing for it. Many new and
Important subjects have been added, and
some of those treated are:The hog a money
maker, statistics, history, illustrations and
descriptions of breeds, associations with ad-
dress of secretaries, advice on selecting lo-
cation, breed, breed sows, boar, etc.; pedi-
grees, quarters, foods, inbreeding, market-
ing, curing pork, fall pigs, exhibiting, anat-
omy of the bog, illustrated; diseases— more
than fifty of the ailments to which tbe hog Is subject plainly diagnosed, with cause,
s and treatment, etc., ,tc

if this is not the best hog book out. It was the first book
of the kind ever issued for gratuitous distribution, the
first edition having been Issued more than 20 years ago,
kind devoted exclusively to the hog. and written by a vete-

1 I.NSUJRE HOOS
CASrVPORAU-THAT DIE

WRITE-FORPLAN

PEFERENCE-ANY BANK

OP KERCANT LEAuESEY

TRADE MARK

$1,000 Reward

I PAY FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE

Full particular"* regarding ihls insurance
rears proves it to be the most successful

when my Kemerty is fed cs a preventlv
proposition in "Hogology." its record for
hog remedy as well as the oldest.

Twenty-five pound can, $12.50; 12*£ lb. can, $6.50. prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25
and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label.

JOS. HAAS. V. S.. Indianapolis, Ind.

POUND

CHINAS.

GRAY'S BIU CHIfcF, 57077.

I have a limited number of Pigs by
my fine Boars, Gray's Big Chief, 57077,
and Victor G, 57076, and can furnish pairs not tkin or related to those previously
purchased. Young Boars and b'o«s • f a'l ages. Send to heailquarti rs and get the
best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in tb s Mate at one- half
Western prices Addrei-s J. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va.

=8 REGISTERED^

^BERKSHIRE BOARS,

i * KKADY FOR SEKYICE,

I * * F O R SALE.**

' Z P'2S of both i-exes ; and also

Z HERD HEADER Herd VI, after Dec. 20th,

I J He is two years old, and of best blood.

| PHIL. H. GOLD, Winchester, Va.

THE - OAI\S - STOCK - FARM.

A. W. rURMAN, Jr.. Treasurer State of
Virginia, Prop Richmond. Va.

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS ot

iw ENGLISH BERKSHIRES

for less money than nny firm In ihe South, <i""l-
liy i-o"sl li ted Fverv (dg shipped pOB**eflsei
I'iiIIvIiIiih' merit Pedigree turn ailed »|ih Ri|
stork Kill or sell v.nr -crubl »• d lmv hogs y
ibaiHllipav. rrnrnrlceaanrtdrsortiillon add rest
ALEX. HARMAN, Mir..Lellii!loi>. Va.

25 Tons of CHoice TimotHy Hay For Sale.

1904.] TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 843

BILTMORE FARMS

BILTMORE, N. C.

We Have Become Headquarters for Everything We Breed.

BILTMORE JERSEYS. — The American home of the Great Golden Lads — a family that has produced
great milkers, with the hest udders and show-yard records that the world has ever seen. Our bulls
are out of dams owned and tested in the Biltmore Herds, and buyers can get a? near to a certainty
as is possible. Large, 52 week milk and butter records a specialty. Over four hundred in five dif-
ferent herds to select from.

BILTMORE BERKSHIRES. — No herd in the world hag made as good a record. All the great Champions
of England and America have either been in service or bred here. . Our yearly offerings at unreserved
auction are eagerly taken at nearly double the price of all previous records. The most successful
herds all over the States are using a Biltmore foundation.

BILTMORE POULTRY— Only the UTILITY breeds. Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White and
Golden Wyandottes, Brown and White Leghorns, Bronze Turkeys, Pckin Ducks. Over 50 yards
of prize winners. Extra size, fine type, from fixed strains, and more prizes won at the leading shows
than all competitors together.
Also a small kennel of extra choice, Rough coated imported Scotch Collies.

Tiwlip^ffTrpTt and Poultry Farm

OFFERS, AT PRICES IN REACH IN ALL,

STRICTLY PURE-BRED

Barred and White Plymouth Rocks,

White and Silver-Laced Wyandottes,

S. C. Brown and White Leahorns.

Few B. Minorca Cockerels, Bronze Turkeys and Pekin Ducks.

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.
WRITE TO-DAY FOR INFORMATION

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .' / .* Staunton, Va.

814

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

cent. A similar favorable compari-
son may be made as to the number
of depositors.

The Secretary concludes that the
farmers' rate of financial progress
need fear no comparison with that of
any other class of producers.
U. S. Department, of Agriculture,
Washington. D. C. Twentieth
Annual Report of the Bureau of
Animal Industry. 1903.
Bureau of Chemistry. Bulletin 85
The Cementing power of Road
Materials.
Bureau of Chemistry. ' Bulletin 87.
Chemical composition of some
Tropical Fruits and their pro-
ducts.
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Of-
fice of Experiment Stations,
Washington D. C. Experiment
Station Record. Vol. XVI., No.
3.
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle-
tin 58. The vitality and germina-
tion of Seeds.
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle-
tin 59. Pasture, Meadows and
Forage Crops in Nebraska.
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle-
tin 57. Legal and customary
weight per bushel of Seeds.
Bureau of Soils. Bulletin 23. In-
vestigations in Soil fertility.
Farmers Bulletin No. 210. Regula-
tions for the certification of Asso-
ciations of Breeders of Live Stock
and Books of Record of Pedigrees.
Department of the Interior. United
States Geological Survey. Fuel-
testing plant of the United States
Geological Survey.
Alabama Experiment Station, Au-
burn. Ala. Bulletin 120. The
Mexican Cotton Boll Weevil.
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca,
N. Y. Bulletin 222. Record of an
attempt to increase the Fat of
Milk by means of liberal feeding.
Coloroda Experiment Station, Fort
Collins. Col. Bulletin 91. Potato
failures.
Bulletin 92. Large potato vines
and no potatoes.
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow,
Idaho. Bulletin 42. Experiments
in feeding.
Kansas Experiment Station, Man-
hattan, Kas. Bulletin 125. Ex-
periments with Dairy Cows.
Maryland Experiment Station. College
Park. Md. Circular Bulletin 60.
Fall treatment for San Jose scale.
Circular Bi'lMIn 61. Winter work
against fruit diseases.
Michigan Experiment Station, Agri-
cultural College. Mich. Bulletin
218. Some essential soil changes
produced by micro-organisms.
New Hampshire Experiment Station,
Durham, N. H. Bulletin 118.
Corn meal middlings and separa-
tor skim milk for fattening pigs.
New York Experiment Station, Geneva,
N. Y. Bulletin 254. Fall use of
sulphur sprays.
North Carolina Department of Agri-

A Happy New Year

To you Farmers! You will certainly have a Merry
Christmas as well as a prosperous, happy New Year,
if you used on your crops at seed-time

Virginia-Carolina Fertilizers

Now, to insure yourself a happy New Year every
year, and all the year through to Christmas— con-
tinue to fertilize your crops with these well-known
brands. They will pay you handsomely. Write
for information if j our dealer cannot furnish you.

VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO.

SaYanoah, G*.

Montgomery, Ala,

ALftlUphlS, Turin,

Richmond, Va,
Norfolk, Va.
Dux ham, N. C.

Charleston. 8. C.

Atlanta, Ga.

BERKSHIRES!^ ^ BEkKSMIRES!

The following up-to-date stockmen talokmy ROYAL DERKSHIRES the finest thi
world can show. I could print thousands oftte same opinion, but I Uke only on* from
each State:

P. H. Kudd. Mariners Harbor. N. T.: Cot
F. C. Geldborough. Eastern, Md.; J. M. Ven-
able, Farimllle, Va.: Edgar Long, Orabam,
N. C; Jobn C. McAfee, Chester, S. C;
Or. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Teuu.; President
Bowdrle Phlnlzy, Augusta. Ga . : R. C. Me-
Klnney, Basslnger. Fla.; General Tbos. T.
Munfsrd. Unlootown, Ala.: W. W. Cornelius,
Blue Springs, Miss.; J. M. Qaon, Varnada,
La.; B. P. Van Horn, Tojrah, Texas; D. C.
Lester. Hatfield, Ark.

Take no risk; confer with these people,
and order direct from the veteran breeder.

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington. Virginia.

Five car loads brigHt Timothy Hay for sale, cheep.

We positively guarantee to breed
and ship the \ KKY BEST strains of
thoroughbred registered LARGE
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE

1 Inn- lor LESS MONEY than any other
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our
stock considered Send us your order
and we will satisfy you both in price
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING.

Proprietor ol th

URY STOCK FARM OF

— - HOLSTEIN-FRIFSIANS— ««a

Have reduced our herd 25 head during the past two months, but would like to sell
as many more before going Into winter quarters. Herd headed bv Dekol 2d Butter Boy
3d. No. 2. which we can Justly claim the best butter backed bulfSouth of the Mason and
Dixon line. Also a choice lot of Eneilsh Berkshire sows from 3 to 9 mos. Sired by
Manor Faithful. Fancy Duke and Esau Princess of Fllston. Before buying write or come
and see us. THOS. FASS1TT & SONS. Svlmar. Md.

1904.]

TILE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

845

culture, Raleigh, N. C. Entomo-
logical Circular 12. The Straw-
berry Weevil.
Cider making on the farm.

Hampton Institute, Va. Animal Indus-
try Leaflet No. 4.

Virginia Crop Pest Commission, Blacks-
burg, Va. Circular to nurserymen
and fruit growers relating to the
purchase of nursery stock.

Virginia Climate and Crop Service,
Richmond, Va. Report for Octo-
ber, 1904.

Imperial Department of Agriculture
for the West Indies, Barbados, W.
I. Agricultural News, October,
1904.

Rosemont Hereford's.

I 2 finely bred bulls, 10 moDths and 1 year old, and 2
splendid heilers, brrd to Acrabat, are our oflering this
month. Ltt us give you full particulars and pedigrees.

"-A. Brief History of Hereford Cattle"

wi I intrust you Let u-i send you a copy. RO;>EMONT a'Jftfi/0^
FARn, Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. ftCMBM si

GRAND PRIZE FOR THE STUDE-
BAKERS.

It is with great pleasure that we re-
cord the fact that the Studebaker Bros.
Manufacturing Company won the
grand prize, which was the highest
award at the Louisiana Purchase Ex-
position. This award covered substan-
tially everything made by the Stude-
baker people, including wagons of
every description for city and farm
use, all styles of harness and accesso-
ries.

As hundreds of our readers are using
Studebaker wagons, etc., they will
doubtless take as much pleasure in
reading this notice as we have in writ-
ing it

GOLD MEDAL.

The Gold Medal, (highest award tor
Grinding Mills) has been placed by the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition on the
Exhibit of the Foos Manufacturing
Company, of Springfield, Ohio, a con-
cern that is familiar to our readers.
Not only have their products been fre-
quently presented in our advertising
Columns, but their mills have been in
use by most of the large successful
planters throughout the South.

The company is now making a new
line of mills, especially adapted for
grinding corn in the shuck, and our
readers are advised to write at once
for prices and particulars regarding
these and the other mills made by this
noted company.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address
our Business Office.

Elkton Stock Farm,

LOCATED ON NORFOLK & WESTERN R. R.

12 Miles W. of Lynchburg.

Breeders ol Pure Bred, Registered

HEREFORD CATTLE

BERKSHIRE HOGS.

Young stock for pale at all time?, at reas-
onable prices.
All statements and representations guar-
anteed.

LONG DI8TAN :B TELEPHONE.

FOREST DEPOT, VIRGINIA.

Registered « Herefords,

Herd headed by the Grand Champion

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539.

Young stock for sale. Inquiries
cheerfully answered.

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms,

Berryville, Virginia.

PRINTK RIH'KKT. 79S9.

Spring Flexible
Disc Harrow

Only Harrow In the world
with Independent adjust-
able spring pressure upon
Inner ends of disc gangs.
Any amount of pressure
thrown on these inner
ends by foot. Bali-bearing.
Works uneven ground. All
sizes, at proportionate
prices.

Seasonable Implements of the ,Jatest style, always up-to-
date. Possibly you are now or will soon need a Ccrn Sheller,
Feed Cutter, Disc Plow. You can get our Catalogue for the
asking.

OUR PRICES MUST BE RIGHT.

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO.

41-51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA.

iiiiijiinmimii aCBBJ ■ ■ '"" ■■■■■■■■ ■■

Bacon Hall Farm.

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hogs

REGISTERED-ALL AGES.

DOR SET RAMS.
Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks.

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale.

E. M. GILLET & SON, - Glencoe, Haryland.

»- > 1 1 1 1 n ! ■ i i m ■ 1 1 n 1 1 m n u n n 1 1 j i« i i i . . . »

846

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Long
P. O
I'enB-

»g- r. ii

ROBERT C. BRAUER

(Successor to Brauer Cattle Co.1,

RICHMOND, - - - VIRGINIA.

COMMISSION SALESMAN OF

CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, LAMBS AND CALVES.

Highest Market Values Guaranteed.

PERSONAL ATTENTION GIVEN ALL OOlSblGNAlENT!?. ALL KINDS t.'lOCK BOUGHT ON ORDERS.

ADDKESS

ROBERT C. BRAUER, Richmond, Va.

stock in your name in my care.

Distance Phones— 2126 and 82

BuXSM,

-Union Stock Yard9.

BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS.

POULTRY FEEDTVO AND FATTEN-
ING.

A handbook for poultry keepers on
the standard and improved methods
of feeding and marketing all kinds of
poultry.

The subject of feeding and fattening
poultry Is prepared largely from the
side of the best practice and expe-
rience here and abroad, although the
underlying science of feeding is ex-
plrined as fully as needful. The sub-
ject covers all branches, including
chickens, broilers, capons, turkeys and
waterfowl; how to feed under varloui
conditions and for different purposes.
The whole subject of capons and ca-
ponizing is treated in detail. A great
mass of practical information and ex-
perience not readily obtainable elss-
There Is given, with full and explicit
directions for fattening and preparing
for market. The broad scope of the
book is shown in the following Table
of Contents:

Profits in Poultry, Care of Poultry,
Where to Keep Fowls, Breeds and
Breeding, Feeds and Feeding, Hatch-
ing and Rearing the Natural Way,
Artificial Incubation, Broilers and Ca-
pons, The Market End, Waterfowl,
Turkeys, Guineas, Pea Fowls, Pigeons
and Squab Raising, Enemies and Dis-
eases.

Profusely Illustrated, 160 pages;
5x7 1-2 Inches. Cloth. Price, 50 cents,
postpaid.

ORANGF .imP COMPANY,
51 Lafayette Place, New York, N. Y.

Marquette Building, Chicago, III.

We can supply this book at the price
named.

REGISTERED CATTLE.
Attention is called to the advertise-
ment of the Landa Cattle Company to
be found elsewhere In this issue. The
offering consists of Registered Red
Polls, Polled Durhams and Shorthorns,
In large numbers.

A neat Binder for your back num-
bers can be had for 26 cents. Address
our Business Office.

The Delaware Herd of

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE

la not surpassed either In breeding or Individual aai-
mals, by any herd In the East. At the head of ami

herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604,

the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Female* el

equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Kemeea-

ber, we take peraonal rare of our cattle: keep b* hlfa

priced kelp: Incur no expense of exhibiting; all of which

enables ua to offer stock at equitable prices. Seas tar

pamphlet.

MYER & SON, Prop., - Bridgeville, Dal.

Standard Cyphers Incubators

solutcly automatic and sell-regulating;. Utted arid endorsed by 42 Gov-

rjent Krperiment Stations and by America's forpmost poultrTmen.

plete I'atalOfri"" and Poultry Guide. 212 pa.-es (8x11.1 more than 500

rrartons. FREE, If yon send addresses nf two nHirhbore who keep

reocrd poultry and mention this paper. Address nearest office.

Buffalo, Boston, Chicago, New York,

strictly
-Automatic
JHROUGHOuTltrjypHERS INCUBATOR CO..

tCUy

Francltco.

Our standard incubators

^roM direct lo pu
wall 2.VI Esc Nm
reoUona and Plan

fw, Drlnwa't OUpNa&ional Sant Set of P
Large 15U-paKe Poultry book, 50c. Promi

lowest priceB. NO AGENTS. Latest dooble-

itor and Brooder. Evervihins complete, wit:» Di-

fiirg2N.no cash. Sallnfaetlon cuaranlerd. Refer-

roMOIBIA IJrrrBATOR CO.. Delaware City, Del.

"Paints that Stay Painted."

PAINT is what you need. Do you know that

PAINT will preserve and improve your property?

PAINT will give your property a prosperous appearance.

PAINT will increase the value of your farm. We have

PAINT on hand for everything —

PAINT for roofs and barns. Lythite Cold Water

PAINT Carriage and wagon paint. Our " Standard" house

PAINT is ready-mixed, and for the money no

PAINT can surpass it. Write us for

PAINT prices and color cards.

JOHN W. ATKINSON & CO.,

Richmond, Va.

1904.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

847

Economy is the Secret of Success

You Save Money When You Buy From Us

BEST QUALITY AND LOWEST PRICES.

Granulated Sugar, per lb 54-c.

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb ' 13c.

Best Cream Cbeese, 2 lbs. for 25c.

Mountain Roll Butter, per lb 15c.

Lemon Peel, per lb 12c.

Orange Peel, per lb 12c.

Citron, per lb 15c.

L. L. Raisins, 3 lbs. for 25c.

New Mixed Nuts, per lb 12c.

Hard Sbell Almonds, per lb 10c.

Soft Sbelled Almonds, per lb 15c.

Shelled Almonds, per lb 30c.

Currants, 15 oz. packages 8c.

Sultana Raisins, per lb 10c.

Filberts, per lb 12£c.

Palm Nuts or Negro Toes, per lb 12^c.

Pecans, per lb 10c.

English Walnuts, per lb 12|c.

Dates in Bulk and Package, per lb 6c.

Large Layer Figs, per lb 12|c.

Figs in Pound Packages 8c.

Chalmer's Gelatine, 3 packages for 25c.

Mother's Gelatine, 5c. package 4c.

Mother's Gelatine, 10c. package 8c.

American Oats 7c.

Large Cocoanuts, each 5c.

Full Cream Candy, per lb 15c.

Butter Cup Candy in 5 lb. Pails, each 65c.

French Candy, per lb 8c.

Best French Mixture, per lb 12c.

Chocolate Drops, per lb 12^c.

Christmas Mixture, per lb 10c.

Shredded Cocoanut, per lb 12|c.

Prunes, 7 lbs. for 25c.

Quaker Oats, per package 10c.

Dunlop Flour, per barrel $6.25

Obelisk Flour, per barrel 6.25

Daisy Flour, per barrel 5.75

Pillsbury Flour, per barrel 7.00

Cut Herrings, 3 doz. for 25c. ; or half bbl. . . . 2.00

Good Luck Baking Powders, 5c. can for 4c.

Good Luck Baking Powder, 10c. van for 8c.

Octogan Soap, per bar 4c.

Ship Stuff, per ton $24.00

Bran, per ton 22.50

Best Hay, per ton - 16.50

N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.00

Best 5 year old Corn Whiskey, per gallon. . . . 2.50

Old Crown Rye, per gallon 3.00

Old Keystone Rye, per gallon 2.50

Old Capitol Rye, per gallon 1.50

Best Apple Brandy, per gallon 2.50

Good Gin, per gallon 2.00

Best Gin, per gallon 2.50

Old Mountain Whiskey, per gallon 3.00

Duffy's Malt Whiskey,' per bottle 80c.

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c.

Paul Jones Whiskey, per bottle $1.00

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 90c.

Catawba Wine, per gallon 45c.

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 45c.

Sherry Wine, per gallon $1.00

Port Wine, per gallon 1.00

Imported Sherry Wine, per gallon 3.00

California Port Wine, per gallon 2.00

Best N. E. Rum, per gallon 2.50

No extra charge for jugs. Any quantity shipped anywhere. No charge for packing or drayage.
All orders promptly shipped. If you wish anything not quoted here, write for prices. We handle
everything in grocery, feed and liquor business. J

J. S. MOORED SONS, inc.

QTflDCQ $ 1724 East Main Street, Phone 507,
01 UIIlO. I 501 North 25th Street, Phone 1865,

RICHMOND, VA.

848

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

OOFF & MAYNE'S FTRRT ^RINCI-j
PLES OF AGRICULTURE.

By Emmett S. Goff, late Professor of
Horticulture, University of Wisconsin,
and D. D. Mayne, Principal School of
Agriculture, St. Anthony Park, Minn.
Cloth, 12mo, 256 pages. With illus-
trations and colored plates. Price, 80
cents. American Book Company, 100
Washington Square. New York city.

Every farmer and every farmer's
boy should own and read with great
care this book on agriculture, which
has just been published. Not only
does it furnish much valuable Informa-
tion, but it also covers well the ele-
ments of agriculture In Its various
branches. Beginning with a simple
discussion of the soil and its relations
to plant life, it takes up gradually the
principles that a farmer should under-
stand In order to raise good crops and
good live stock. Throughout it alms
to make the work of the farmer men-
tal as well as manual, and if properly
Studied it will produce better farms
and better farmers. The soil and
vegetation are first taken up, includ-
ing such important topics as Rotation
of Crops, the Parasites of Plants, Seed
Testing. Animals that Destroy In
sects, the Improvement of Plants
Dairying, Live Stock, Poultry. Bee
Keeping, etc. The book also contains
among other useful information, ta
bleF showing the constituents of fod
ders and foods, milk testing, silage
contents of fields and lots, and quan
tities of seed required to the acre, etc
The volume is plentifully supplied
with illustrations and includes many
full-page colored plates of cattle, poul-
try and fruits. A copy of this book
will be sent prepaid to any address on
receipt of the list price, 80 cents.

The Everlasting Tubular ^ Steel Plow Doubletrees

Strawberry Hand Book. This pamph-
let will be found useful by all straw-
berry growers. It is published by the
German Kali Works. 93 Nassau street.
New York, who will send copy if this
journal is mentioned.

Nitro-Culture. The Vest Pocket
Fertilizer. This pamphlet will be sent
on application to the National Nitro
Culture Co., West Chester, Pa. This
company manufactures the different
cultures, and is. we are informed, a
reliable source from whence the bac-
teria of the different leguminous crops
v.n be obtained.

CATALOGUES.

Maplemont's Monthly Mentionings,
devoted to dogs. Address Maplemont
Stock Farm, Rutland, Va., who are
breeders of choice, pure bred Collies
and other dogs.

American seeding Machine Co., Su-
perior Drill Co., Springfield, Ohio.
Almanac and Household Encyclopedia.

Page Woven Wire Fence Co., Adraln,

Guaranteed not to
break or bend. Fur-
iitnberi wlili liners - r
hooks for trace attach-
ment. Sample orders
senr to retponslble
tartlet on trial.

Send for our N». 8
Catalogue (or 1904.

ConUins everything
of Interest <o Dealer
or user of Vt'hlffletreea.

PATTERN No. 105 EQUIPPED WITH FORGED TRIMMINGS.
Alio manufacturer of Faun Waaon Ooubletrees. Neck Yokes and Singletrees.

Pittsburg Tubular Steel "Whiffletree Company,

SOLE MANUFACTURERS
PITTSBURG. - - PENNSYLVANIA.

FOR 5 H P GAS ENGINES

Grinds Ear Corn and Shuck Corn.

Capacity 12 to 18 bushels per hour. Safety Quick Release. 50 other ££*■
sizes and styles of

Scientific Grinding Mills.

Sweep-Beared, Combined and Power. Most efficient and economical
mills on the market. Simple, strong and durable. Write for new
catalogue C-5.

THE FOOS MFG. CO.. (Established zs ytars) Springfield, Ohio.

■HSB^B Highest Award. Gold Medal, Si. Louis. IS04 il^^^BM

Steam is the Best ft

Altera)], thet best most reliable, most efficient und In the end the cheapest power Is
steam. Wind is whimsical ai id unreliable; water power can only be used a few months
each year at best; gasoline p. -were are out of order more than half the time and eleo-
tric current itself depends on steam power. The sure power is a

Leffel Engine and Boiler.

This outfit is detached— 1 1.. Hi.' r mounted on ekidsand engine on sepa-
rate base. Entrine can go on either side of boi ler and any reason*
able distance away. Large or small pulley and belt on either end
of engine shaft. A highly ©indent, quick steaming, high power
developing outfit. Suited to any work, any fuel, anywhere. We
make many other kinds and styles of Leffel engines and boilers.
Book "Power Economy and Efficiency," free, asmton STARKE,

James Leffel & Co., Boi 134, Springfield, Ohio. Richmond^Va.

FARQUHAR MACHINERY

..<.lLit''.iest award. Gold SIcdal, w

AlUls, Imagines ar.il Tlircsuing ida-

J, World's Fair, St. Louis. AJ»x

i'ortablo end Traction Engines] All

tiics. Threshing llachlnex: All kinds

— io to 40 Laches, I'ortable Pair Mills

with friction_ feed and 1"k turner.

DeLOACH PAT

Avoid imitators and infringers and buy the G

Catalog Free of Saw Mills, 4 H P. and up. Shingl
Planing, l^th and Corn Mills; four Stroke
Hay Pres5is, Water Wheels. We payfreight
DeLOACH MILL MFG. CO. Box 600 Atlanta, «a-

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

; revolutionizing gas power. Costs Leu to Boy am! Leas to Ettn^
~ TALOGUB. Till

Mention this paper. SEND

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE
'THE MASTElt WOBKMAJ.,"

two-cylinder gasoline engine superior to
t— portable, sta-

1904.]

THE SOTJTHEEN PLANTER.

849

Mich. A new Catalogue of this splen-
did fence.

The Citizen's Savings and Trust Co.,
Cleveland, 0. "When my ship comes
in " A description of the Citizen's
Bank« These are two most beautifully
gotten up publications of this strong
Savings institution, which is deserving
of the support of all who have money
to invest. It will be kept safely there
and pay a fair rate of interest.

The Royal Squab Aviary, J. L. Mc-
Daniel, proprietor, 56 Newtown avenue,
Norwalk, Conn. A great pigeon breed-
ing establishment.

Edward L. Schmid. 712 12th street,
N. W., Washington, D. C. Illustrated
Catalogue and price list of Schmid's
Bird and Pet animal emporium. If
you want pets of any kind this is the
place to get them.

ST.

NICHOLAS FOR 1905.

"QUEEN ZIXI OF IX"

The new serial to run through the
year, by L. Frank Baum, author of
"The Wizard of Oz," etc. Beautifully
illustrated in color.

"the practical boy"
Twelve papers on handicraft by Joseph
H. Adams, an authority of wide expe-
lience. Fully illustrated.

"HOW TO STUDY PICTURES"

An admirable series of articles, fully
illustrated, on the great pictures of the
world and how to judge them, by
Charles H. Caffin. With reproductions
from the world's masterpieces.

"UNTIL THE DOCTOR COMES"

"Emergency talks," by Dr. E. E.

Walker.

Scores of short stories, special articles

by notable writers, the St. Nicholas

League and many other good things.

1905 THE BEST OF ALL

Price, $3 00 a Year

THE CENTURY CO.,

Union Scuare, New York.

COURSES IN AORTrTTT/TTTRE AT
THE UNIV^woTTrv 0F TEN.

NESSEE.

Practical courses of instruction in
the Art and Science of Agriculture for
Southern Farmers. Ten Weeks' Win-
ter Course, January 5 to March 15,
1905. Four Years' Course. Commenc-
ing September 15, 1904. See page IS.

One and two years' practical courses
of ten weeks each are offered in the
following subjects:

1. Agriculture and Chemistry: Soil
culture, farm crops, fertilizers and
cereal judging.

2. Animal Husbandry: Breeding,
feeding and judging live stock.

3. Dairy Husbandry: Butter and
cheese making, milk testing, and dairy
machinery.

4. Horticulture and Botany: Prun-
ing, gardening, orcharding, spraying
and plant diseases.

5. Veterinary Science: Anatomy and
physiology, hygiene and treatment of
diseases.

6. Mechanic Arts: Wood and iron
working and farm buildings.

..ELM WOOD NURSERIES..

WE ABE GBOWEBB AND OFTO A FINE ASSORTMENT OF

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA-
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS.

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $100 per
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Im-
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to

J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS

$1.25 per Thousand

FRUIT TREES

7V-2 Cents Each

Having the largest and best stock in the Country we
sell direct to growers at much less than half what they
pay through agents. Plants and Trees packed to
carry cheaply and safely anywhere in the United
States. Write for catalogue, mentioning this paper.

CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Klttrell, N. C.

np T\ rj rj Q Fruit and Ornamental Trees,
I 1\ CI C^ Shrubs, Roses, Grape Vines.

A large assortment of the Finest Varieties.

Send for new edition of Catalogue if you contemplate planting.

We desire to engage a number of reliable, energetic agents to
represent us during 1905. Salary or commission. Write for
terms.

We bave an extra large stock of Strawberry plants that we will
be pleased to quote on application.

NURSERIES LOCATED IN HENRICO AND HANOVER COUNTIES.

W. T. HOOD & CO.,

OLD DOMINION NURSERIES,

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

CHARTERED 1870.

Merchants National Bank,

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Capital, $200,000 00.

Surplus, $500,000.00.

Undivided Profits, .... $171,00000.

Depository of the United States. State of Virginia, City of Richmond.

Bning the largest depository for banks between Baltimore and New Orleans,
we ofier superior facilities for direct and quick collections. Accounts solicited

JOHN P BRANCH Pres. JOHN K. BRANCH, Vlee-Pres. JOHN F GLENN, Cashier.

JOHN P. ^9AB^c™ers. j R PERDrjE, THOS. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEKsEE.

Three Per Cent. Interest Allowed in Savings Department.

850

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
Mary Washington.
As Christmas approaches, I am re-
minded of one of Mr. Dooley's most
amusing articles, viz., the one on
the subject of Christinas presents,
hitting at the numerous disappoint-
ments and misfits connected with
these. Such misfits occur from per-
sons not taking time and pains to re-
flect and discriminate about the pre-
sents they buy, and also they are some-
times occasioned by the inadequacy of
the purchaser's funds. Generally how-
ever they come more from want of
judgment and reflection than from
want of means. Most people put off
buying their Xmas presents till a short
while before Xmas when the stores
are so densely thronged that they can-
not get waited on satisfactorily, and
then they get worried and flurried, and
hastily and injudiciously buy whatever
they can get hold of most easily. If
you can command the funds in time,
it is far better to do your Xmas shop-
ping in November, or even earlier. I
have known persons who would begin
months beforehand picking up first
one pretty and tasteful article appro-
priate to a certain friend, and then
another, whenever they happened to
ccme across some tempting bargain
and in this way. they got suitable and
acceptable articles, and avoided the
rush of late Christmas shopping. It is
important to study the tastes and
needs of the persons to whom you wish
to make presents, so as not to give
idly or ^discriminatingly. If you
have a friend who loves reading, noth-
ing could be more appropriate and ac-
ceptable than a book, but the question
arises, what kind of book shall it be?
People have such various tastes about
reading. What is a mental feast to
' one person would be absolutely dis-
tasteful to another, so you must con-
sider your friend's bent of mind before
ing a hook for her or him, as the
May he. There is a wide range of
choice fiction, poetry, drama, history,
l.iosraphy, travel, religious reading
i ml miscellany. In all these depart-
ments, admirable works await those
who know how to choose them. A
year's subscription to some good
periodical is also a delightful Xmas
present for a person who is fond of
reading, and the oft recurrent arrival
of the periodical, gives more pleas-
ure than the one volume given at
Christmas. It gratifies people especial-
ly to have something given them for
their own individual use or pleasure,
and this is particularly the case with
' ri! working, self-denying people who
spend little or nothing on the in-
dulgence of their own tastes and fan-
cies, but use their means to buy utili-
tarian things for the common good of
the household. Instead of making a
so-called present of this nature to the
laborious mother of the hoi
give her a nice pair of kid gloves, a
age of fine handkerchiefs, a
dainty volnmn by her favorite author.

OF ALL KINDS.

ROOFING

-^Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crinfp
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V

Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient
quantity to cover it.

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting
it with our— — s:^

Magnet Red Roofing Paint.

1 gallon will cover 2+ squares. Can furnish in any size package,
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices.

We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and
- Black Sheet Iron, etc. =

Southern Railway Supply Company,

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

g«H>0<rtKH>0{HKH><H}<K><H}0{><HKH>a^^

Headquarters for
Nursery Stock.

WHOLESALE
AND

RETAIL.

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.

Apples,

Nectarines,

Pecans,

Ornamental and

Pears,

Cherry,

Chestnuts,

Shade Trees,

Peach,

Quinces,

Walnuts,

Evergreens,

Plum,

Almonds,

Small Fruits,

Roses, Etc.

Apricots

CALIFORNIA

PRIVET, lor Hedging.

WRITE FOR CATALOGU

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .
| FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, MP.

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

851

WINDMILLS P PUMPS BITS

-STEEL STOCK TANKS-

of every description.
Jrent Saving In F night.

a photograph of some fine painting to
hang in her bed room, or a pretty pair
of vases for her mantel piece. I have
read of a man who would make his
wife a present of a new cooking stove
or some similar article at Christmas,
instead of giving her some little article
that showed special thought of her-
self, her needs or her fancies, some
little article, no matter how trival,
intended for her personal use, pleasure
or adornment. Such thought on the
part of the husband tends to bring
back the roses to the faded cheek of
the toil worn wife, and to create a
youthful gladness in her heart.

A graceful and appropriate offering
at Christmas is something of our own
production, and if the recepient be a
person of any sentiment, this will be
more prized than any other kind of
present. Those who do fancy work
have it in their power tc make beauti-
ful presents of their own handiwork,
though the strain on their eyes, and
the amount of time and labor required
to prepare these presents make them
more burdensome than others, but
still it is a burden willingly borne for
the sake of sentiment and affection.
Presents of this kind require to be
planned long beforehand, so that the
work may be gradually done, and not
fall too pressingly on the eye sight
and time just before Christmas.

Flowers or plants are a lovely
Christmas offering, and they seem
doubly so, if they come from the pit
or green house of a friend where they
have been tended by her own hands.
A hamper filled with red berries, run-
ning cedar, ferns and evergreens, is a
charming present for a country person
to send a city friend and delights the
latter far more than any gift of
"manufactured mechanism."

Where persons have limited means
(as is the case with the majority) it
is a good thing for two or three mem-
bers of the family to club together
when they wish to make an especially
nice present. It secures the increased
results which always flow from co-
operation. In this way, two young
girls, for instance, might arrange to
give a nice rocking chair to their
mother, or a pretty piece of silver, or
they might give a more valuable book
or magazine to their father than
either one could do singly.

Finally, I would say to those
who are not so situated as to make
Christmas presents, you can still show
the Christmas spirit of peace and good
will, and show a kindly interest in and
hearty sympathy with others. Above
all, if you have any breach with
friends, neighbor or relative, let Xmas
be a season of reconciliation. Let It be
a time for forgiving and putting away
all bitter and resentful thoughts

ORGANIZED 1832.

ASSETS, $932,050.00.

Virginia Fire and Marine

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va.

Insures Against Fire and Lightning.

All descriptions of property in country and town, private
or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms.
AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY.

. H. PALriER, President. W. H. flcCARThY, Secretary.

J» THE Jt

SEABOARD

AIR LINE RAILWAY

OFFERS
PROFITABLE
INVESTMENTS
TO.

THE MANUFACTURER,
THE STOCK RAISER,
THE DAIRYMAN,
THE FRUIT GROWER,
THE TRUCKER.

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN.

Would » country where work can be carried on the entire year and wh*r«
large profits can be realized interest youT

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and t
region of tbls character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated
literature descriptive of the section.

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN,

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mg Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS....

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis,

Sandusky and Cleveland ;
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus;
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima
and Dayton —

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT AndHlZ? Sr<tiJkrAvc ROUTE.

To STAtVfON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE,
RICHMOND, PKTE8 BURG, NORFOLK,
And Principal Virginia Points.

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the
Southern Piaster.

852

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

CLUBBING LIST.

In this list will be found prices on
papers, magazines and periodicals
which are most called for by our read-
ers. We have club rates with nearly
all reputable publications, and will
quote them on request:

DAILIES.

With
Alone. S. P.
Times-Dispatch, Richmond,

Va $5 00 $5 00

Times-Dispatch (without

Sunday) 3 00 3 00

News-Leader, Richmond,

Va 3 00 3 00

The Post, Washington, D. C. 6 00 6 00
The Sun, Baltimore, Md... 3 00 3 40

THRICE A. WEEK.

The World, New York 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond,

Va 1 00 1 25

Central Presbyterian, Rich-
mond, Va 2 00 2 25

Religious Herald, Rich-
mond, Va 2 00 2 25

Southern Churchman, Rich-
mond, Va 2 00 2 25

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Breeders' Gazette 2 00 1 75

Country Gentleman 1 50 1 75

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 1 30

Horseman 3 00 3 00

MONTHLIES.

The Century 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas 3 00 3 25

Lippincott's 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 1 40

Scribner's 3 00 3 25

Frank Leslie's 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan 1 00 1 35

Everybody's 1 00 1 35

Munsey 1 00 1 35

Strand 1 25 1 65

Madame 1 00 1 00

Argosy 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 2 50 2 75

Poultry Success 1 00 75

Rural Mechanics 1 00 55

Blooded Stock 50 60

Successful Farming 1 00 60

Southern Fruit Grower ... 50 85

Wool Markets and Sheep . . 50 75

Dairy and Creamery 50 73

Commercial Poultry 50 75

When two or more publications are
wanted, the price for them can be
found by deducting 50 cents from
"price with Southern Planter."

We cannot under any circumstances
furnish sample copies of other publi-
cations.

We will cheerfully quote our best
price on any list of publications sub-
mitted to us.

Seed House of the South.

ORCHARD

GRASS.

TALL MEADOW

OAT ORAM,

BUCKWHEAT,
OATS and
CANE SEED.

"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap."

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of ever*
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS.

*■ .*» *■ WE ALSO SELL

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c.

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and
Fertilizing Materials generally.

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods.
Samples sent by mail when desired.

1016 Main Street,
LYNCHBURG, VA.

Wm. A. Miller & Son, «*

Kicnmoiui, rretiericksburg & foromac k. n.

= AND -

Washington Southern Railway

The Double-Track Link connecting the

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
Pennsylvania Railroad
Seaboard Air Line Railway
Southern Railway

Between ALL POINTS
Via RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

THE OATEWAV BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH
* FAST MAIL, PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROUTE ^
OVER FIFTY MILES OF THE SECOND TRACK ALREADY IN SERVICE

1904.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

853

The American Field Fence

is the most economical fence
that can be erected. Its cost

is even less than barb wire or wood
and when erected is practically ever-
lasting. Furnished in various heights
and styles.

Write for special catalogue and
prices.

55 INCH m

47

IN. *

~29

m. >

T

""

32

,«. . 1

"

26

IN. fe '

IV

JN. , 1

==.

0

«J.

3

.*

3 J

a* •

._

MeO*

We are prepared to fill orders promptly for GALVANIZED
BARB WIRE and PLAIN WIRE of all sizes at lowe=t market
prices.

The Ideal Triple Geared Feed
Mill grinds shelled grain and
corn and cob into excellent
feed. Furnished also with
power attachment, which is
very useful for running wo< d
saws, corn shellers, tnreshing
machines and other machinery ;
Ai=u GKl.NUlNG MILLS for ONE and TWO HORSES as
well as for engines. Send for special catalogue and prices.

OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or
power. A comparison with others will
convince you It Is the strongest, sim-
plest and best made. The power ma-
chines are furnished with blower or
carrier If so wanted. Prices very low.

V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The
most economical roof made. Does not
require a carpenter to put It on. Fur-
nished In all lengths from 5 to 10 feet
long.

WOOD'S PATENT SWTNO CHURN.
The quickest and cleanest butter maker
known. The frame Is made of Hol-
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong,
and easily forms a useful table. The
churns are furnished of either wood
or heavy tin.

THE EMPIRE
CREAM SEP-
ARATOR should
be on every farm
where three or
more cows are
kept. It will save
its cost many
times in one year.
It is the simplest
one ever man-
ufac t u re d and
can be c le a n e d
without trouble to
any one. Write
us forparticulars.

AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE.

B,NESS|LkOKF|ELSDK«'r'~,,;A^.^f.?0NS' M,TC"ELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES. HAR-
FP^w-mttp^ nRDB fL™£ PLA,N W,KE- POULTRY NETTING AM) HWN FENCING, CORN SHEl LERS
FEED CUTTERS. GRaIN DKILLS. WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, MAY RAKES. KS'

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. ' Catalogue mailed free.

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

854 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December,

^.f„f..f..|..;..;..f..f„gMfM|„f..;MJn|Ht^^ ■

I Southern Planter

A LIBERAL OFFER.

3 Months Trial Subscription

'"^E^s^""

=TO the=

4

for 10 CENTS or 3 for 25 CENTS.

4» 4>

«»

Hf«

J This liberal offer should be accepted by thous-
ands who are not now readers,
f Send in at once.

:: :•

The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

«f»

? •H>4MHM#MhHHMHMH44HhM44H44M^^

1904.]

THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER.

855

MANFRED CALL,
Gen'l. Manager.

viZVZWslo. THE CALL-WATT CO.,

Implements. Machinery and Vehicles

THE UNIT ROAD MACHIN

So called because it has but ONE WHEEL, and takes but ONE TEAM and ^
ONE MAN to operate it. It has passed through the experimental stage, and
stands well tested and perfected. By actual test it has been demonstrated that
with one team and four men it will build more and better road than can be
done by 40 men with the usual tools. That it saves labor enough to pay for
itself every two days it is in use. That it is economy for each township to
have one, not only to build its roads, but to keep them in order after they are
built. It will do as good work as the heavy, expensive road machines, at very
much less expense, and has advantages over any of them. The price is so low
every road district and even individuals can afford one.

FOR FAKM VVOKK it. is especially desirable, aDd has no equal, for the inexpen-
sive and practical building of roads and keeping them in order, cutting down ditch banks, opening drain", leveling, and
for many other purposes. In time and labor saved it will soon pay for itself, to say nothing of its great convenience.

Centkevillk Md. Briston.

THE OALL-WATT CO , Richmond, Va .:

Gentlemen : The UNIT machine purchased of you came a little late for running out leads in my wheat fields, yet I
have gi 'en it a fair trial at that work ; also cutting down and pulling off ditch banks, and find it just the thine for these
purposes, saving time, team and labor. It is useful in other ways ab ut the farm, such as pulling in roads and leveling
Ijw places in fields which *oiild take twice the time and labor with the comnvn scoop

I am so Well pleased with it that if I could not get anothe- I would not sell at double what it cost me.

Yours respectfully,
Nov 9, 1904. SUV1MKRFIELD TTLGHMAN.

All interested in GOOD ROADS are requested to write for descriptive circulars of the UNIT and other road
building tools.

BALING PRESSES for Hay, Cotton, Straw, etc. WHEAT DRILLS, CANE MILLS, DISC HARROWS, ROLL-
ERS, MANURE SPREADERS, PEA HULLERS, FARM WAGONS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN MILLS, CORN
SHELLERS, WHEAT FANS, PLOWS and PLOW CASTINGS.

Wesollclt enquiries for anything desired. 13 S. 1 5th Stre Ct, Bet. Main and Cary RICHMOND, VA.

1905,

1905.

KELLY, 22823.

Record 2:27 Sire of McChesne> , 2:16%, etc.
Bnv horse by Electioneer 12S; first dam. Ks-
titer] dam of Expressive 3, 2:12}$: "X press 2:21,
etc.: by Express etc. Kell represet'ts the
highest type of a trotter, having fin** size and
the form' and finish of a thoruugn-bred. For
terms of service addres.

W. ). CARTER, Richmond, Va,

Richardson Brothers,

613 Brook Ave., Richmond, Va.,

BUILDERS OF

Wagons and Carriages,

A se ect lot of business and pleasure
Vehicles on hand.

K< pairing neatly done. Orders by
mail solicited.

W. J. CARTER,

TUOF JOURNALIST and
PEDIGREE EXPERT...

At-DRE*S:

P. O. Box 929, Richmond, Va.

Or 1 102 Hull St.. Manchester, Va. PHONE 3380.
Representing "The Tlmes-Dlspatch" and
"Southern Planter." Richmond. Va.; "Ken-
tucky Stock Farm." and "The Thoroughbred
Record." Lexington, Ky. ; "Sports af the
Times," New York, and the "Breeder and
?pnrtaman," San Francisco, Cal.

1905. 1905.

WODDMONOEAND HATTONDALE FARMS

BURLINGTON

"The Gentleman in Black."

Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap,
Brooklyn Derby, Belmont. Trial and Tidal Stakes.

Black hone, by Powhatan, dam Imp Inver
cauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam tmp Eleanor, by
Volilgeur; 3d Themis by Touchstone; 4th dam
Rectitude (dam of Lalus, Dr t aius. Chivalry and
Arlstides), by Lotiery:5ih dam Decision (dam
of Brown Stoul XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate,
etc , etc. BUKLINGTON will make the season
of 1905 at J E. Lane's above named farms at
Esmont Albemarle county, Va.

[Tea $50 with usual return privilege If horse
Is alive and in my possession.

For particulars address

J. E. LANE,
Esmont, Albemarle County, Va.

R. H. RICHARDSON,

1308 Hull St., nanchester, Va.,

Dealer in

Harness of all Kinds,

HARDWARE, PAINTS AND OILS.
Also Farm Wagons of various grades

FOR SALE,

at a price which he can earn with ease
in a single stud season, the standard
and registered trotting stallion

LE PANTO, 0577,

by Petoskey. £633, son of Geo. Wilkes, 2:22.
He is a rich bay in color, styl.sh and
handsome, l'Jf" hands high; weight
1200 lbs Address

BANNISTER & RHODES.Owners, Roanoke. Va.
1905 BLOOMINGDALE STOCK FARM. 1905

CHERRYWOOD,

full brother to the famous Moello
Brown horse, by Eolus. dam Cervis. by
imp. Moccasin, 2nd dam Lizzie Lucas,
by imp Australian, 3rd dam Eagles, by
imp Glencoe.

Fee $25, with usual return privilege.

For particu'ars address
HARRY C. BEATTIE, Richmond, Va.

FOR SALE,

' Standard and Registered

TROTTING MARE

7 years old, 16 hands high. Very lund-
snme, and brtd in the purple. Bred in
1904 to a fine prize-winning sire of the
richest breeding. Address

W. J. CARTER.
1102 Hull St., Manchester, Va.

856

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[December,

Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS.

HAND POWER CUTTER.

Those machines sfll at sight. They have heavy fly

and make three cuts to each turn of the

crank. They will cut hay, straw or fodder, and will

rut from H to 2 Inches. They are shipped K. D.,

the lowest possible freight rates.

CUMBERLAND VALLEY CORN SHELLERS.

One and Two Hole.
The frame Is made of thoroughly dry hard wood.
Th*1 joints mortised tenoned and bolted. The bear-
ings are belled on the frame instead of screwed.
The imn work Is made from the very best material,
every piece Is carefully Inspected before being put
on. This machine Is high-grade all the way through.
It Is handsomely painted, striped and varnished.

"SCIENTIFIC" FEED MILLS, All Sizes

ROSS....

Fodder Cutters. Fod-
der Shredders, Cutters
for all purposes. Corn
Shellers, Crlndlng

Mills. Horse Powers
and Wood Saws.

I he SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills

Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or
off. Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other grains, single or
mixed.

Wood Saws for long or short wood. Wood
or Steel frame.

Triple Geared, Double
Action. Opens as easy
as a watch.

POWER MILLS In five sizes
2 to 30 horse-power.
Scientific Sweep Mills In five sizes.
Geared — plain and combined, with
horse-power attachment.
Asplnwall Planter-, Potato Sor-
ters and Cutters.

Special prices given on Studebaker and
r'"«« Wagons, Buggies and Carts.

•9.S.B.

TIGER DISC HARROW.

Plain and Lever Spring Tooth Harrows.

All Sizes.

REMENT DISC CULTIVATOR, with 6 or S

DISC<

Built entirely of ateel. steel forglngs and

malleable iron. The most simple and easiest

adjusted cultivator on the market to-day.

CAHOON SEED SOWER. MICHIGAN
WHEELBARROW SOWER.

DON'T FORGET! All the merchants in
town who claim to sell Oliver Chilled Plows
and Repairs only sell the Imitation. Bogus,
Cheap Goods. The only place In Richmond,
Va., to buy Genuine Oliver Plows and Re-
nMm I* nt 14:16 and 1438 E. Main street.

Frick and Aultman and Taylor Englnea.
Saw Mills and Threshers.

Kemp's Twentieth-Century Improved Ma
nure Spreaders. Made In Three Sizes

Wril. lor spec.al catalog *ad price on any Imp's. B. 7 and 8 foot Rollera carried In stock. *LI0??ielm%o™S Svv

HENING & NUCKOLS, dnrsfe mu I Moin SI..

f>8 siyles and sizeH. tot o
Write for price* and Catalogues.

\

A. C. SINTON, President.

J. J. SUTTON, Secretary.

THE WATT PLOW CO., inc.,

15th and Franklin Streets and 1404 East Hain Street,
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

LABOR SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY

VEHICLES and HARNESS.

Chattanooga, South

Bend and Syracuse

Plows.
Fish, Weber, Cham=

pion and Hickory

Wagons.

A large stock of Buggies,
Surreys and Vehicles
of all descriptions al=
ways on hand.

HORSE POWER FEED MILL.

HALF PLATFORM SPRING WAGON. _ HOCKING VALLEY CORN SHELLER. HOCKING VALLEY CUTTER.

WRITE JOR OUR CATALOGUED =

We Solicit Inquiries About Any IMPLEMENT, VEHICLE or MACHINE.

SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ORDERS FOR MACHINE REPAIRS.

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY,

RICHMOND,
VIRGINIA.

Ks Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL.

* I JHIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions[in Virginia, in death claims
-1 alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in-
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to
represent

-~«m »-THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.-. mm- -

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina,

;*— — 1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON-
DITION POWDERS. If yon wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy
Milch Cows, give

OIXIE CONDITION POWDERS.

For RHEXJMATI8M, SPRAINS, 8TBAIN8 and all PAINS use
ANTCJ BONE LINIMENT- Best on earth for Man or

Beast Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere.

-OWENS ft MINOR DRUQ CO,

M»M»»i>»i «|^^^^^«|^>^^^yvv>ivvvvvvvvvx/vvxi^-.i

., Richmond, Va. I '

THISTLE

BRAND

LAIDLAW'S

Concentrated Tobacco Powder,
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash.

A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF

Scaband Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle.

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs.

Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh.

ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS.

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00.

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS,

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A.

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores.

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA

JOHN 8. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier.
CAPITAL. $500,000. SURPLUS. $240,000.

CilculinMn