BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 9999 06317 693 5 birds imported into the united states in 1968 Boston Public Library Superintendent of Documents JAN 6 1971 DEPOSITORY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE Special Scientific Report— Wildlife No. 136 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, WALTER J. HICKEL, SECRETARY Leslie L. Glasgow, Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks Fish and Wildlife Service, Charles H. Meacham, Commissioner Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife BIRDS IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES IN 1968 By Richard C. Banks Bird and Mammal Laboratories Division of Wildlife Research Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report — Wildlife No. 136 Washington, D. C. • September 1970 ABSTRACT Foreign wildlife imported into the United States must be reported on standard B.S.F.W. Form 3-177, filed with U. S. Customs. In 1968, more than 10,000 forms were filed, reporting more than 490,000 individual birds. This list gives the number of each species of bird that was imported in that year, as tallied from the declarations. li BIRDS IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES IN 1968 The Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, U. S. Department of the Interior, administers the Lacey Act of 25 May 1900, 18 U.S.C. 42, as amended, which governs the importation of foreign wildlife. Regulations implementing the Act require, among other things, the reporting of imported live wildlife and fish. This reporting is accomplished by the filing of U. S. B.S.F.W. Form 3-177, "Declaration for the Importation of Wildlife," with the District Director of Customs at the port of entry where actual customs inspection for clearance or release occurs. Copies of the forms as filed are kept by the Branch of Permits of the Division of Management and Enforcement of the Bureau. Psittacine birds (parrots) and canaries are exempted from reporting by these regulations, but some of these birds are nonetheless reported on the forms. The numbers of wild birds, excluding canaries or psittacines, imported in recent years have been summarized in Wildlife Leaflets issued by the Branch of Permits. Total figures available are: 1967 1968 1969 WL-480 WL-483 WL-491 Game birds 9,110 5,524 1,383 Other wild birds 25,866 7,796 17,353 Cage birds 166,182 478,960 550,111 Total 201,158 492,280 568,847 Declarations filed (for all wildlife) 6,065 10,586 13,154 The regulations requiring the filing of declarations went into effect on January 1, 1966. However, nationwide observance began in 1967. The great increase from previous years to 1968 only partly reflects increased activity in importation; most of the increase is probably a result of more complete reporting. No list of the actual numbers of individual live wildlife species imported has previously been available. Aside from its general interest, this list of birds imported in the year 1968 will serve several functions. -1- 1. It will give some general idea of the pressures exerted on certain wild bird populations by man. In so doing, it may suggest that some species should be considered as candidates for endangered species lists or should be subjected to export restrictions or management practices in their native countries. 2. It will provide ornithologists in the United States with a guide for estimating the probability that a record of an exotic species represents a naturally occurring vagrant or an escaped cage bird. 3. It will, unfortunately, point out weaknesses in the regulations requiring the declaration of imported wildlife and/or errors in enforcing these regulations. The latter point deserves some additional comment and clarifi- cation. The customs forms provide columns for the entry of common names and scientific names of the imported species. Actually the forms are often completed by persons who have little or no knowledge of the common names of animals, let alone of the scientific names. A wildlife dealer or shipper may or may not know an English language common name for an African bird. A brokerage firm at a port of entry will not often have reference works which give correct scientific names for all species which may occur in incoming shipments. Customs officials and Game Management Agents at ports of entry, who inspect the shipments and accept the forms, cannot be expected to be authorities on the common names and scientific names of all species of birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, mollusks, and crustaceans — or on the identification of these animals. It is inevitable that some shipments will be passed and approved for importation with inaccurate or incomplete declaration forms. Among the most common errors noted on the customs forms were: use of a family name for the scientific name; use of a generic name only; use of a foreign vernacular name for either common or scientific name, or both; use of the scientific name of a reptile or mammal with the common name of a bird (particularly the slightly misspelled scientific name of the Anaconda) ; use of a few scientific names repeatedly for almost any kind of bird; use of non-specific common names (e.g., descriptive terms); and shipments of several species with a single number for the total (rather than the number of individuals of each species) . These same factors, and many others as well, posed problems in the compilation of this list. If the common and scientific names did not agree, I had to decide which to accept. Many outdated scientific names were used, and many names were unfamiliar, necessitating -2- searches of synonymies in reference works. Details of the handling of these problems are given below. Plan of the Report The sequence of listings in this compilation follows Wetmore (1960, "A Classification for the Birds of the World", Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 139, No. 11) for orders and families, with minor exceptions. The family Regulidae has been combined with the Sylviidae. The family Estrildidae has been separated from the Ploceidae. Within a family, the arrangement of species generally follows that in the volumes of Peters' "Check-list of Birds of the World" (1931-1968) for the groups covered thus far. Common names. — In general it was assumed that the common name was a more reliable indicator of the species imported than was the scientific name. Where the common name was not specific, a modifier has sometimes been supplied in brackets [ ] if this could be determined from the scientific name. Because there is no great agreement on the use of common names, those used are in many cases arbitrary. The most specific or the most commonly used common name appears as the major listing; less specific names and other names used for what seem to be the same species (as judged by the mutual use of scientific names) are indented under the first name. If a common name could not be pinned down, even by consideration of the scientific name, the entry is at the end of the listings for that group. Scientific names. — Minor spelling errors in scientific names have been corrected without comment. More important variations, sometimes so great as to cast doubt on what was intended, have been included unchanged. Scientific names have been updated to the modern usage in standard reference works; any changed scientific name appears in brackets with the original indented below it. The proper scientific name appears opposite the first common name. Indented below the proper scientific name are synonyms and other names used for that common name and synonymous common names. This compilation is in no way to be regarded as a systematic treatment, and no combination in the columns headed "Scientific Name" is used as a proposal of a new name. Numbers. — The total number imported of a particular species is given on a line with the common name and the proper scientific name. If, however, there was a reason to doubt whether a second scientific name used was really meant to apply to that common name, the number imported under the second scientific name is given separately. For example, a total of 13 birds was imported with the common name Spotted -3- Tinamou ana the scientific name Nothura maculosa. However, 124 more birds were imported with the common name Spotted Tinamou and the scientific name Eudromia elegans . Since I am not certain whether the latter birds were Spotted or Crested Tinamous, the numbers are listed separately. Footnotes. — The confusion in the matching of names necessitated the liberal use of footnotes, either to cross-reference when a listing should perhaps have been placed elsewhere, or to explain why I treated a listing in a particular way. Death of Imported Birds At one port of entry, Los Angeles, notations on declaration forms listed the cause of death for some of the 756 birds which arrived dead. These notations were as follows: "Dead on arrival due to delay on route"; "Possibly overcrowded"; "Lack of water"; "Malnutrition"; "Heart attack and weather"; and, for 44 Spectacled Owls, Pulsatrix perspicillata, "Importer states high pressure hose used in Honolulu to wash rice out of cage. He further states owls will not eat rice." Acknowledgments I appreciate the many courtesies extended by Bernolt W. Palas and Frances K. Devinney of the Branch of Permits in making the declaration forms available. James E. Gordon performed the laborious task of transcribing information concerning birds from these forms. Shirley Artis assisted in arranging the species into sequence, and typed the manuscript . Numbers of Birds Imported, by Order and Family The following list of the number of imported birds in the various orders and families (where there is more than one living family in an Order) will serve both as a Summary and as a Table of Contents. Page Group Number in Family Number in Order Sphenisciformes 267 Struthioniformes 62 Rheiformes 6 Casuariiformes 14 Casuariidae 12 8 Dromiceiidae 2 8 Tinamiformes 161 8 Pelecaniformes 83 8 Pelecanidae 54 8 Sulidae 1 8 Phalacrocoracidae 28 -4- Page Group Number Number in Family in Order 9 Clconiiformes 299 9 Ardeidae 32 9 Cochleariidae 30 9 Scopidae 9 9 Threskiornithidae 127 10 Phoenlcopteridae 37 10 Ciconiidae 64 11 Anseriformes 1,484 11 Anhlmldae 79 11 Anatidae 1,405 14 Falconiformes 800 14 Cathartidae 36 15 Sagittariidae 15 15 Accipitridae 256 17 Falconidae 493 19 Galliformes 4,060 19 Megapodiidae 8 19 Cracidae 1 19 Tetraonidae 12 19 Phasianidae 4,037 20 Meleagrldidae 2 20 Gruiformes 309 20 Turnicidae 24 20 Gruldae 55 21 Psophiidae 114 21 Rallidae 64 22 Eurypygidae 27 22 Carlamldae 14 22 Otididae 11 22 Charadriiformes 298 22 Jacanldae 70 22 Charadriidae 37 23 Scolopacldae 3 23 Recurvirostridae 15 23 Burhinidae 50 23 Glareolidae 35 24 Laridae 88 24 Columbifonnes 89 24 Columbldae 89 24 Psittaclformes 80,592 30 Cuculiformes 32 30 Musophagidae 32 31 Strigiformes 273 31 Tytonidae 2 31 Strigidae 271 32 Caprimulgiformes 1 32 Caprimulgidae 1 -5- Page Group Number Number in Family in Order 32 Apodiformes 1,530 32 Trochilldae 1,530 34 Colilformes 42 34 Trogoniformes 84 34 Coraciiformes 238 34 Alcidinidae 78 35 Momotidae 67 35 Coraciidae 21 35 Upupidae 36 35 Phoeniculldae 2 35 Bucerotidae 34 36 Piciformes 2,107 36 Capltonidae 207 37 Ramphastidae 1,885 40 Picidae 15 40 Passeriformes 420,404 40 Eurylaimldae 33 40 Dendrocolaptidae 1 40 Furnariidae 1 41 Formicarlidae 5 41 Cotlngidae 233 41 Pipridae 15 41 Tyrannidae 6 42 Pittidae 20 42 Alaudidae 4 42 Dicruridae 6 42 Corvidae 337 44 Timaliidae 1,288 44 Campephagidae 10 44 Pycnonotidae 256 44 Chloropseidae 119 45 Cinclidae 3 45 Turdidae 196 46 Sylviidae 12 46 Muscicapidae 12 46 Sturnidae 19,975 47 Nectarlniidae 65 47 Dicaeidae 47 47 Zosteropldae 240 48 Ploceidae 35,937 49 Estrildidae 309,418 56 Coeribidae 594 56 Icteridae 936 57 Thraupidae 3,641 60 Fringillidae 46,994 64 Family Unknown TOTAL 459 513.694 -6- Common Name SYSTEMATIC LIST Scientific Name SPHENISCIFORMES SPHENISCIDAE King Penguin Gentoo Penguin Rockhopper Penguin Penguin Macaroni Penguin Blackfoot Penguin Humboldt Penguin Selfeating Humboldt Penguin Penguin Aptenodytes patagonioa Pygoscelis papua Eudyptes orestatus Eudyptes a. orestatus Eudyptes chrysolophus Spheniscus demersus Sphenisaus humboldti Spheniscidae STRUTHIONIFORMES STRUTHIONIDAE Ostrich R.ed-necked Ostrich Ostrich Chicken [=chick?] [Greater] Rhea Cassowary Cassowary Double-wattled Cassowary Struthio oamelus Struthio "Teradactil" RHEIFORMES RHEIDAE Rhea americana Rhea a. albescens CASUARIIFORMES CASUARIIDAE Casuarius casuarius Casuarius bicaruneulatus Casuarius sp. Number Reported 39 imported from Uruguay probably should be placed with Rhea americana. 23 9 14 20 21 176 62" 5 3 4 -7- Common Name Emu Blue Tinamou Spotted Tinamou Crested Tinamou Rosy Pelican1 Giant Rosy Pelican White Pelican Brown Pelican Peruvian Pelican Pelican Pelican Pelican Peruvian Booby Double-crested Cormorant Guanay Cormorant Scientific Name Number DROMICEIIDAE Reported Dromiceius n. hollandiae 2 TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Cvypturellus tataupa 10 Nothura maculosa 13 Eudvomia elegans 124 Eudvomia elegans 14 PELECANIFORMES PELECANIDAE Pelecanus onocrotalus 4 Pelecanus erytkrovhynchos 7 Peleoanus occidental-is 40~ Pelecanus occid^entalis thagus Pelecanus thagus Pelecanus sp. 1 Psarisomus dalhousiae 2 SULIDAE Sula vaviegata 1 PHALACROCORAC IDAE Phalacpocorax auvitus 5 Phalacvocovax bougainoillvi 23 "More commonly called European White Pelican. These are perhaps European rather than American White Pelicans. 30 had common or scientific names indicating South American origin. This scientific name belongs to a broadbill, Eurylaimidae. -8- Common Name Goliath Heron [White-necked] Heron Green-backed Heron Squacco Heron [Intermediate Egret] Herom [Agami] Heron Night Heron Tiger Heron Lime Tiger Heron [European Bittern] European Pond Heron Bittern Heron Boat-billed Heron Hammerhead Stork Hammerkops [White] Ibis Scarlet Ibis Ibis Rubra 2 1 1 2 Scientific Name Number CICONIIFORMES Reported ARDEIDAE Ardea goliath Ardea cocoi Butorid.es brevipes (=striatus) Ardeola ralloides Egretta intermedia Agamia agami Metaahivus nudicaudatus Trigrisoma lineatum Botaurus stellaris Botauvus sp. Amazonetta brasiliensis COCHLEARIIDAE Cochlearius cochlearius SCOPIDAE Scopus umbretta THRESKIORNITHIDAE Eudoaimus albus Eudocimus ruber Guara rubra 3 2 3 15 30 2 24 1The listing "Heron (2-heads)" is here interpreted as referring to two individuals; no number was otherwise indicated. ^This scientific name refers to an opposum in the mammalian family Didelphidae. ^This scientific name belongs to a parrot, Psittacidae. -9- Common Name Glossy Ibis Eastern Ibis Gavilan Ibis Ibis Spoonbill Pavoncito Spoonbill [Roseate] Spoonbill [Greater] Flamingo Roseate Flamingo Caribbean Flamingo Red Flamingo Chilean Flamingo Pavoncito [Lesser] Flamingo [American] Wood Ibis Wood Stork African Wood Ibis Kingfish [Asian Wood Ibis] Painted Stork White-bellied Stork Scientific Name Plegadis falcinellus Phoeniaopterus sp. Corydora aeneus Platalea leucorodia Platalea alba Ajaia ajaja PHOENICOPTERIDAE Phoeniaopterus ruber Phoeniaopterus sp. Number Reported Phoenioonaias minor CICONIIDAE Mycteria americana Ibis ibis Ibis leuoooephalus Sphenorhynchus abdimii 16 2 29 2 45 343 16 ^The scientific name is of a flamingo, not an ibis, and the entry should perhaps be placed under Phoenicopteridae. The name Corydoras aeneus belongs to a catfish in the family Callichthyidae. -10- Common Name White-necked Stork European [White] Stork Saddle-billed Stork Jabiru Stork Marabou Stork Adjutant Stork Horned Screamer Screamer Jaula Black-necked Screamer Crested Screamer^ Screamer Screamer [Whooper] Swan Whistling Swan Scientific Name [Dissoura episcopas] Betonoptevus oayennensis Ciconia oioonia Ephippiovhynchus senegalensis Jabiru rnycteria Leistes militaris Leptoptilos cvumeniferus [Leptoptilos sp.] Piranga flava 3 * ANSERIFORMES ANHIMIDAE Arihima oornuta Chauna oliavavia Cissopis leveviana Gypageranus serpentareus® AN AT ID AE Cygnus musicus =? Olor ay gnus Olov columbianus Number Reported 10 2 2 18 2 4 51 16 10 This is the name of a South American plover, Charadriidae. jrThis name is that of a South American blackbird, Icteridae. This name is that of a tanager, Thraupidae. The name Crested Screamer generally is used for a different species, Chauna tovauata. This is the name of a tanager, Thraupidae, not a screamer. This is an old name of the Secretary Bird, Sagittariidae. -11- Common Name [Mute] Swan White Swan Black-necked Swan Black Swan Swan Spur-wing Goose Cereopsis Goose Snow Goose Ross1 Goose Emperor Goose European Goose Brant Canada Goose Hawaiian Goose; Nene Andean Goose Abyssinian Blue-winged Goose Maned Goose White-faced Tree Duck White-faced Whistling Duck Egyptian Goose Comb Duck Scientific Name Cygnus olor Cygnus melanocoryphus Cygnus nigrieollis Chenopsis atvata Cygnus atvata Anatidae Plectropterus gambensis Cereopsis n. hollandiae [Chen hyperborea] Anatinx [Chen] rossii Anser vossii Philacte canagioa Anser canaglous*- Branta bernicla Branta canadensis Branta sandvioensis Chloephaga melanoptera Cyanoehen eyanopterus Chenetta. jubata Dendrocygna viduata Aplochen aegyptiaca Sarkidiornis melanotos Number Reported 68 2 2 3 13 1 10 6 7 4 1 10 2 19 1 4 ■'•This entry is placed here merely because of the similarity of the specific name to that of the Emperor Goose; this name otherwise is meaningless. ■12- Common Name Coscoroba Swan Ruddy Shelduck South African Shelduck Paradise Shelduck Mallard Mottled Duck New Zealand Brown Teal Cinnamon Teal Argentine Cinnamon Teal Chestnut-breasted Teal Cape Teal Green-winged Teal Falcated Teal Ring Teal Brazilian Teal Patagonian Crested Duck Puna Teal Sharp-winged Teal South American Brown Pintail Pintail Scientific Name Number Reported Coscoroba coscoroba 6 Tadorna ferruginea 14 Tadorna cana 16 Tadorna variegata 8 Anas platyrhynchos 436 Anas fu Iviau la 6 Anas platyrhynchos fulvigula Anas chlorotis Anas auklandica chlorotis Anas cyanoptera Anas spinicauda Anas georgica spinicauda Anas acuta 20 Anas capensis 10 Anas carolinensis 5 Anas falcata 1 Anas leucophrys Calonetta leucophrys 10 Anas brasiliensis 20 Anas specularoides Lophonetta specularoides 4 Anas versicolor 5 Anas flavirostris Anas f. flavirostris Anas f. oxyptera 16 63 This combination of names is not valid; because of the common name, this entry is placed here rather than with Nesonetta auklandica. -13- Common Name Bahama Pintail South American Bahama Pintail Chiloe Widgeon Gadwall Shoveller Red Shoveller Scientific Name Anas bahamensis Anas sibilatrix Anas strepera Spatula clypeata Anas clypeata Spatula platalea Anas platalea Number Reported 63 16 210 5 8 Wood Duck Aix sponsa 40 Rosy-billed Pochard Netta rufina 45 Canvasback Ay thy a valisineria 7 Redhead Ay thy a americana 12 Ringneck Duck Ay thy a eollaris 4 New Zealand Pochard Ay thy a novaeseelandiae 6 Greater Scaup Ay thy a marila 120 Goldeneye Buoephala olangula Glaueionetta olangula 8 Barrow's Goldeneye Buoephala island.ioa 30 Old Squaw Clangula hy emails 15 Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaioensis FALCONIFORMES CATHARTIDAE 1 [Andean] Condor Vulture Vultuv gryphus Sarcoramphus gryphus*- 5 6 This name combination was used for birds called "Condor" or "Condor Real"; perhaps at least some of them should be included in the next listing rather than here. -14- Common Name King Vulture Scientific Name Sarcoramphus papa Spizaetus^- sp. Number Reported 25 Secretary Bird Long-tailed Buzzard Brahminy Kite Kite Goshawk Hawk Eagle2 Shikra Hawk [Bicolored] Hawk [Tiny] Hawk [Semicollared] Hawk Savannah Hawk [Red-tailed] Hawk Roadside Hawk Hawk Falcon Gavilan ( Lesser Fishing Eagle SAGITTARIIDAE Sagittarius serpentarius 15 ACCIPITRIDAE Henicopernis longiaauda 25 Haliastur indus 14 Acoipiter gentilis Astur gentilis Accipitev regalis 20 1 Aaaipiter baciius Circus cyaneus^ 30 2 Aocipiter bicolor 1 Aceipiter superciliosus 1 Aocipiter collaris 1 Heterospizias meridionalis 1 Buteo jamaicensis 6 Buteo magnirostris Aocipiter bioolor 44 2 Buteo sp, ^This generic name is that of an eagle in the family Accipitridae. Although used with the scientific name of the Goshawk, this "eagle" should perhaps be placed elsewhere in the family. This specific name does not belong in this genus; perhaps it refers to Buteo regalis, the Ferruginous Hawk. This name applies to the Marsh Hawk or Harrier, not to the Shikra. ^The scientific name does not match the common name; it is properly used earlier in the list. ^This entry is placed here because of the generic name given. -15- Common Name Lizard Buzzard White-eyed Buzzard Tessa Hawk Great Black Hawk Crested Eagle Harpy Eagle Ornate Hawk Ornate Eagle Eagle Hawk Changeable Hawk Eagle Hodskin's Hawk Eagle Changeable Hawk Changeable Eagle Martial Eagle Hawk Eagle Golden Eagle Great Imperial Eagle Tawny Eagle Eagle Indian Hawk Eagle Greater Spotted [Eagle] Desert Eagle Fish Eagle Scientific Name Number Reported Kaupifaloo monogvammious 1 Butastur teesa 6 [Butastur indicus] 2 Beudo [=? Buteo] induoas Buteogallus uvubitinga 1 Morphnus guianensis 1 Harpia harpy j a 1 Spizaetus ormatus 8 Spizaetus nipalensis 3 Spizaetus cirrhatus 7 Spizaetus narins^- Spizaetus nappines^ Spizaetus sp. Polemaetus bellicosus 1 Hieraaetus sp. 1 Aquila chrysaetos 2 Aquila heliaco. 1 Aquila vapax 16 Aquila nipalensis 3 Aquila clanga 6 Aquila verreauxii 1 Haliaeetus vocifev 2 Cuncuma vocifev ■'•These two specific names, unknown to me, may be derived from nipalensis 3 listed immediately preceding. -16- Common Name [Eurasian Black Vulture] Cinereous Eagles- Egyptian Vulture Palm-nut Vulture Bateleur Eagle Short-toed Eagle Crested Serpent Eagle Hawk Common Hawk Falcon Garrapatero Collared Forest Falcon Falcon Yellow-headed Caracara Mountain Caracara Crested Caracara Caracara Falcon Hawk Red-thighed Falconet White Falcon Falcon Falconet Lanner Falcon Saker Falcon Scientific Name Aegypius monachus Neophron percnop terms Gypohierax angolensis Terathopius ecaudatus Circaetus gallicus Spilornis oheela Accipitridae Number Reported FALCONIDAE Micrastur semitorquatus Micrastur sp. Milvago chimachima Phalcoboenus megalopterus Polyborus planous Caracara plancus Caracara sp. Microhierax caerulescens Falco sp. Falco scheroid Falco biojrmicus [Falco cherrug] Falco sacer 11 2 3 1 5 5 1 8 IV 188 2 1 •'■This entry is placed here because of the scientific name given. 2This includes one listed as "Bird", scientific name "Kari Kari." ^This species name is not in the genus Falco, nor in Microhierax. -17- Common Name Lagger Falcon Gyrfalcon Falcon Peregrine Falcon Falcon Hawk Black Hawk Eagle Bat Falcon Merlin (=Pigeon Hawk) Red-headed Merlin Red-necked Falcon Falcon [Eurasian] Kestrel Sahin Falcon-3 Falcon Falcon Hawk Scientific Name Falco jugger Faloo vusticolus Falco candiaans Falco vevegrinus [Falco rufigularis] Falco columbavius Falco chicquera Harpactes erythrocephalus^ Falco tinnunculus Falco sinti.ni.osus Falco sahin Falco wynaeilidae® Falconiformes Falconidae Falco sp. Number Reported 301 7 137 1 4 21 46 1 1 26 1-24 of these birds were listed as Falco biarmicus jugger, but with the common name of Lagger. ^This one bird should probably be listed elsewhere, although the scientific name given was for the peregrine. -^This name applies to a trogon, Trogonidae. This specific name is not found in the genus Falco. ^1 have been unable to find a falcon with this common or scientific name. "This specific name is not found in the genus Falco. -18- Common Name Hawk Falcon Serpent Eagle Brush Turkey Megapode White-crested Guan Spruce Grouse Ruffed Grouse Bobwhite Quail Masked Bobwhite Northern Bobwhite Himalayan Monal Scientific Name Eunestes munnus Dendrohyrax dorsalis Tyto alba1* Hystrix^ Aeros undulatus® Serpentkusf GALLIFORMES MEGAPODIIDAE Alectuva lathami Macrocephalon maleo CRACIDAE Penelope superciliavis TETRAONIDAE Canachites canadensis Bonasa umbellus PHASIANIDAE Colinus virginianus C. v. ridgwayi9 Phasianidae Lophophorus impejanus Number Reported 2 5 1 1 3 1 4 4 10 2 1136 •'-These entries are not placeable within the order, for reasons indicated. 3-Euneotes murinus is the name of a snake, the Anaconda. ^This is a mammal, a tree hyrax. ^This is a Barn Owl, order Strigiformes. ^This is the generic name of a mammal, the old world Porcupine. ^The scientific name may refer to Aceros undulatus , a hornbill of the family Bucerotidae. I cannot find this generic name in the order Falconif ormes. ^The generic name A lectovis was used, but the common and specific names suggest it was in error. 36 birds were designated as this subspecies, the rest only by the family name. -19- Common Name Blue-crested Manchurian Pheasant^ White-crested Kalij Pheasant Malayan Fireback Pheasant-^ Koklass Pheasant [Ring-necked] Pheasant Mikado Pheasant Ijima Pheasant Golden Pheasant Burmese [Green] Peafowl Ocellated Turkey Hemipode Bird Hooded Crane Scientific Name Crossoptilon mantchuricwn Lophura leucomelana Lophura vufa Houppifer erythrophthalma Pucrasia macrolopha Satyra macrolopha Phasianus aolohiaus Pliasianus sp. Syrmaticus mikado [Syrmaticus soemmerringi ] ^ Phasianus colchicus Phasianus reevesii Chrysolophus pictus Pavo muticus MELEAGRIDIDAR Agriocharis ocellatus GRUIFORMES TURNICIDAE Excalfactoria chinensis^ GRUIDAE Grus monacha Number Reported 8 13 7 350 2500 4 6 3 4 24 ll am unable to place correctly this common name; the scientific name refers to the Brown-eared Pheasant. ^This species is placed in Gennaeus in Peters. ^Probably two species are included here. 4Neither of the scientific names given apply to the common name. ^This name applies to a quail in the Phasianidae, and this entry should perhaps be in that group. -20- Common Name Saurus Crane Wattled Crane Demoiselle Crane West African Crowned Crane [Common] Trumpeter White-winged Trumpeter Trumpeter Grey-winged Trumpeter White-winged Trumpeter Trumpeter Trumpeter Water Rail Slaty-breasted E.ail Guam Rail [Red and White Crake] White-fronted Crake Small Rail White-breasted Water Hen Moorhen (=Common Gallinule) Purple Gallinule Scientific Name Grus antigone Uraeginthus hengalus^- Bugeranus cavunculatus Anthropoides virgo Balearioa pavonina PSOPHIIDAE Psophia crepitans Psophia napensis Psophia leucoptera Psophiidae Phoenicopterv.s sp.^ Platalea leuoorod.ia^ Leistes militarist RALLIDAE Rallus aquations Rallus striatus Eallus owstoni Laterallus leucopyrrhus Amaurornis phoenicurus Gallinula ehloropus Porphyrula martinioa Number Reported 8 11 14 14 70 17 3 8 14 2 1 10 10 32 8 2 1 -'■This name goes with the Cordon Bleu, in the Estrildidae. ^This is the generic name of a flamingo, Phoenicopteridae. ^This is the name of a spoonbill, Threskiornithidae. This is the name of a South American blackbird, Icteridae. -21- Common Name Sun Bittern Pavoncito Taurilla, tanrrilla Crested Seriama Seriama Kori Bustard Lesser Bustard Jacana Jacana Jacana Lapwing Crowned Plover Blacksmith Plover Blackhead Plover Scientific Name EURYPYGIDAE Eurypyga helices Mycteria americana)- Platalea leucorodia Botaurus sp.^ CARIAMIDAE Caviama cristata Caracara sp. OTIDAE [Choriotis kori] Ardeotis kori^ Afrotis atra CHARADRIIFORMES J AC AN ID AE Actophilornis africana Jacana jacana Jacana. spinosa® CHARADRIIDAE [Vanellus vanellus] Spizaetus nipalensis^ Stephanibyx coronatus Hoplopterus avmatus Sarciophorus tectus Number Reported 24 1 1 1 12 2 6 56 8 20 l-This is the name of the American Wood Stork, Ciconiidae. This name applies to a spoonbill, Threskiornithidae. This is the generic name of bitterns in the family Ardeidae. ^This is the common name of some birds in the Falconidae. -'Ardeotis seems not to be a valid generic name. "This and the preceding entry may refer to the same species. 'This is the name of a hawk, Accipitridae; placement of this entry here is based on the common name only. -22- Common Name Ringed Plover Kittlitz Plover Three-banded Plover Spurwing Plover-'- Greenshank Black-winged Stilt Brazilian Stilt European Avocet Avocet [Double-striped] Thick-knee Thick-knee Plover [Peruvian] Thick-knee Thick-knee Plover Plover Thick-knee Crocodile Bird (= Egyptian Plover) Temminck's Courser [East African] Pratincole Scientific Name Charadrius hiaticula Charadrius peouarius Charadrius triao I laris SCOLOPACIDAE Tringa nebularia RECURVIROSTRIDAE Himantopus himantopus Reourvirostra avosetta BURHINIDAE Burhinus bistriatus Burhinus superailiaris o Alcaraban GLAREOLIDAE Pluvianus aegyptius Cursorius temminckii Glareola pratincola Number Reported 1 4 A 10 30 18 20 10 5 ■*-This common name is generally applied to a bird of the genus Vanellus, s.l. This is probably a local vernacular name, used as a scientific name on the declaration form. It probably applies to one of the above species. -23- Common Name Gray Gull Peruvian Gray Gull Band-tailed Gull Peruvian Gull Peruvian Sea Gull Inca Tern Pigeon (Racing) European Wood Pigeon [Barred] Dove Ground Dove Nicobar Pigeon Mocpbar Pidgeon Crowned Pigeon Kea Scientific Name Number LARIDAE Reported Lams modes tus 13 Lams belcheri 4 Adamastor cinereus^- 6 Lavo sterna inoa 57 Sterna superciliaris^ 8 COLUMB I FORMES COLUMBIDAE [Columba livia]^ 6 Columba palumbus 2 Geopelia striata 24 Columbigallino. passerina 2 [Caloenas nioobarioa] 41 Pigeona nicbaaolis (20)^ Sphenisous micobuar (21) ^ [Goura sp.] 14 Pigeona SP> PSITTACIFORMES PSITTACIDAE5 Nestor notabilis 2 This might be either of the two species listed previously; the scientific name is that of a petrel, Procellariidae. ^This scientific name is properly applied to another species of tern. -%o scientific name was given. ^These both seem to be made-up names based on the common name; Sphenisous is a generic name of penquins, Spheniscidae. -'There are many common names in use in this large family, and there is no good authority for use in matching common to scientific names. On the declaration forms here analysed, both common and scientific names seem to have been used with little discrimination. Psittacine birds need not be reported under the laws, and undoubtedly more were imported than were reported. -24- Common Name Chattering Lory Red Lory Blue-cheeked Lorikeet Rainbow Lorikeet Mitchell's Lorikeet Massena Lorikeet Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Lory Purple-capped Lory Ornamental Lorikeet 2 Black-capped Lory [Greater] Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Blue-eyed Sulphur Cockatoo Cockatoo •3 Long-billed CorellaJ Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Citron-crested Cockatoo Lesser Cockatoo White-crested Cockatoo Red-crested Cockatoo Moluccan Cockatoo Blue and Gold Macaw Scientific Name Chalcopsitta atra Domicella garrula*- Eos hovea Tvichoglossus haematod T. haematopus molueaanus T. haematopus nigvogulavis T. molucannus T. mitchelli Tvichoglossus chlorolepidotus Tvichoglossus sp. Domicella domicella Chavmosyna papou Number Reported 15 2 25 40 Kakatoe galevita K. g. ophthalmica Kakatoe sanguinea Kakatoe sulphurea Kakatoe citvino-cristata Kakatoe cristata Kakatoe alba Kakatoe moluccensis Kakatoe alba1* [Ara ararauna] 1 10 9 A 1 7 2 2 26 22 2 8 1-This genus appears below with a different common name. ^No scientific name was given for this bird, and I cannot place it. ^This listing is placed here because of the scientific name. ^These two birds should perhaps be included with the previous entry. -25- Common Name [Red and Yellow] Macaw Red, Blue, and Green Macaw Macaw Colombian Macaw Guacamaya-'- Guaruba Parrot Parrot Parrot (Perico) Half Moon Conure Conure Cotorra Pecho Gris Quaker Conure Quaker Parakeet Conure Cotorra Pecho Gris^ Perico Cabesa Azul^ Quaker and Nandays [Conures?]^ "Cotorra cabeza negra" Conure Coelestis Parrotlet Bee Bee5 Perico Ala Amarilla Perico Ala Blanca-*- Perico Cara Sucia-L Scientific Name Ara maaao [Ara chloroptera] [Ara sp.]2 Ara.ti.nga guarouba Aratinga holochlora Aratinga oaniaularis^ Myiopsitta monachus^ Forpus oonspioillatus Brotogeris versicolurus Number Reported 28 2 30 8 1 12,750 11,745 630 2 32,477 l-This name was used in the place of a scientific name. 2These birds may belong in the species listed above. ^The scientific name was used with a definitive common name only twice; most birds are included by association of an English common name and another vernacular. ^Presumably at least a portion of these should be with the entry above, the rest with Nandayus nenday , otherwise not listed. 5I am uncertain how to allot all the birds listed as Bee Bee, generally without a scientific name. Those called Colombian Bee Bee have been allotted to B. jugularis , other indefinite ones to B. vevsicolurus . -26- Common Name Colombian Bee Bee Bee Bee Perico Ala Amarilla^ Perico Cabeza Azul2 Perico Cara Amarilla^ Bee Bee Blue-fronted [Parrot] Pved-headed Parrot R.ed-head Parrot Red-head Amazon Festiva Parrot E.ed-headed Parrot Amazon Parrot [Turquoise-fronted] Parrot Double Yellow-headed Parrot Yellowhead Amazon Yellow-cheeked Amazon Panama Amazon Spectacled Amazon Orange-winged Parrot Orange-cheeked Amazon Mealey Amazon Parrot Amazon Mealey Parrot Amazon Parrot Amazona Parrot Aztec Amazon Scientific Name Brotogeris jugularis Brotogeris sanctithomae Pi-onus menstvuus Amazona virid.igenalis Amazona autumnalis Amazona festiva Amazona aestiva Amazona oohrooephala Amazona amazonioa •'-See footnote 5 on preceding ^This name was used in place Amazona mevoenavia Amazona favinosa Amazona impevialis page. of a scientific name. Number Reported 9,811 796 17 11 610 459 1 627 650 90 15 1 -27- Common Name Amazon Parrot1 Colombian Amazon Colombian Parrot Blue-fronted Amazon Amazon Parrot-*- Colombian Amazon Parrot Blue-fronted Parrot Chestnut-fronted Amazon Senegal Parrot African Grey Parrot Loro Frente Amarilla Ring-necked Parakeet Barrand Parakeet Crimson-winged Parakeet Crimson Parakeet Bourk's Parakeet^ Scarlet-chested Parakeet Red-fronted Kikariki Blue-rumped Parrot Madagascar Lovebird Abyssinian Lovebird Scientific Name "Loro Frente Amarilla" "Loro Cara Amarilla" Poicephalus senegalus Psittacus eirthaous Psittaaula krameri Polytelis swains onii Aprosmictus erythropterus Alisterus soapulavis Prosepia tabuensis Psittinus oyanuvus Agapornis cana Agapomis taranta Number Reported 8,188 342 2 144 70 148 5 4 89 5 4 2 10 1-These birds are grouped because of the use of the "scientific" name, despite the diversity of common names; I cannot accurately place them in a species. ^This was used in place of a scientific name for 10 birds with this common name, which were perhaps Amazona. 3Perhaps this should be listed under Neophema bourkii. -28- Common Name Fisher's Lovebird Black-masked Lovebird Elegant Parakeet Pennant Parakeet Rosella Turquisine Parakeet Yellow-rumped Parakeet Golden-mantled Rosella Golden-mantled Parakeet Rosella Mealy Rosella^ Stanley Parakeet Pale-headed Rosella Mealy Rosella Red-rumped Parakeet Yellow Red-rumped Parakeet Lorikeet^ Scarlet-chested Parakeet Grass Turquisine Parakeet^ Turquoisine Parakeet Scientific Name Agapornis fischeri Agapornis personataX Agapornis personata Platycercus elegans Platycercus cdledonious Platycercus eximius Platycercus icterotis Platycercus adscitus Psephotus haematonotus Neophema chrysostomus Neophema pulchella Sordida cucullata^ Neophema splendida Number Reported 18 28 78 36 6 31 4 5 153 8 37 4 93 1 These birds should perhaps be listed with the next species. ^This common name is used in a genus listed later. ^This common name is used also for a species listed later. ^Lorikeets appear near the beginning of the listing of parrots, but this entry is placed here because of the scientific name given. ^Al though listed as N. pulchella, six birds should perhaps be with N. splendida, listed next. ^This scientific name is not to be found in this family; it is probably the specific and subspecific name of a species of the genus Pitta. -29- Common Name Blue-fronted Parrot1 Superb Parrot Elegant Parrot Parakeet Parrot Parrot Schalow's Turaco White-crested Turaco Angola Red-crested Turaco Donaldson Turaco Hartlaub's Turaco White-crested Turaco-> Ross Turaco Blue Turaco Grey Plantain Eater Plantain Eater Scientific Name "Perico Cabeza Azul"1 Pitta steevii' Pitta granatina Nyioborus torquatus- Erythrura trichroar CUCULLIFORMES MUSOPHAGIDAE Tauraco [ livingstoni ] Tauraco sokalowi Tauraco corythaix Tauraco erythrolophus Tauraco leucotis Tauraco I . dona Idsoni Tauraco hartlaubi Tauraco leucolophus I'hisophaga [violacea] Musophaga rossea Corythaeola cristata Crinifer [africanus] Crinifer zonurus Ramphastos sulfuratus0 Number Reported 105 4 2 13 8 These names appeared, in other context, in three genera listed above; I do not know with which this entry should be associated. 2This is the name of a pitta, family Pittidae. ^This is the name of a Central American warbler, Parulidae. ^This is the name of a finch, family Estrildidae. ^This name is used for birds under two scientific names. "This is the name of a toucan, Ramphastidae. 2 4 4 2 6 2 2 8 -30- Common Name [Barn Owl] Lechuzal Horned Owlet Owlet Scientific Name STRIGIFOSMES TYTONIDAE Tyto alba STRICIDAE Otus bakkamoena Numb er Reported Vermiculated Screech Owl Otus guatemalae 7 [White-throated Screech] Owl Otus albogulavis 2 Owl Otus sp. 5 Eagle Owl Owl Bubo bubo 31 Verreaux's Eagle Owl Bubo lacteus 1 Wood Owl Forest Owl Ketupa ketupu Ketupa sp. 3 Spectacled Owl Brown Fish Owl Fish Owl Pigmy Owl Owl "Various small owlets" Pulsatvix perspicillata Pulsatrix sp. Bubo titas*- 148 3 Snowy Owl Arctic Owl Nyetea scandiaoa 8 Ferruginous Pygmy Owl Barred Owlet Barred Jungle Owlet Spotted Owlet Spotted Jungle Owlet Glauoidium bvasilianum Glaucidium radiatum Athene brama 2 7 This vernacular was used for another species of owl also. ^This specific name does not appear in either Pulsatrix or Bubo. -31- Common Name Burrowing Owl Owl "Lechuza" Tawny Owl Long-eared Owl Owl Owl Nightjar Brown-Violet-eared Hummingbird Green-Violet-eared Hummingbird Gould's Violet-eared Hummingbird Scientific Name Speotyto cunicularia Strix dluco Asio otus Asio sp. Strigidae Plataea leucorodiaX Cathartidae2 Saroorcanphus papa-* Capitonidae4 Buteogallus nigricollis^ Cyanooorax ohrysopsb Eunestes vrurinusl CAPRIMULGIFORMES CAPRIMULGIDAE Hydropsalis olimaouvus APODIFORMES TROCHILIDAE Colibri delphinae Colibvi thalas sinus [Colibri covusaans] Colibricvanthus coruseans Number Reported 8 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 12 32 Thorn-tail Hummingbird Blue-throated Hummingbird Popelaivia langsdovffi Amazilia conabilis 35 '■"' These names appear to have been picked at random to meet a need; they are, in order: a spoonbill (Threskiornithidae) ; the family of New World vultures; the King Vulture (Cathartidae) ; the family of barbets; the generic name of a hawk (Accipitridae) with an invalid specific name; a jay (Corvidae) ; and the misspelled name of a snake, the Anaconda. -32- Common Name Rufous-tailed Hummingbird White-crowned Hummingbird Scientific Name Amazilia tzacatl Mioroohera albocoronata Empress Brilliant Hummingbird Eugenia impevatvix Eeliod,ote impevatvix Papalacta Hummingbird Wilson's Hummingbird Gualea Hummingbird White Cravat Hummingbird [Sword-billed] Hummingbird Jardini Hummingbird Nanegal Hummingbird Hummingbird Violet Puffleg Hummingbird Streamer-tailed Hummingbird Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia Hummingbird Mocoa Hummingbird Rose-throated Hummingbird White-striped Hummingbird Hummingbird Agla.eo.ctis cupripennis Coeligena wilsoni Coetigena torquata Ensifera ensifera Boissonneaua jardini Boissonnea.ua. sp. Eriocnemis luciani Ooveatus underwoodii Lesbia Victoria Aglaiooercus kingi Selasphorus flammula Trochilidae Trochilidae Cyanerpes nitidus Thraupidae^ Number Reported 17 4 20 8 9 5 5 26 10 9 14 8 10 5 1,240 20 40 1-This generic name may be based on Heliodoxa, in which genus this species is sometimes placed. This is the name of a honeycreeper , Coerebidae. ^This is the family name of the tanagers. -33- Common Name Speckled Housebird Red-faced Mousebird Scientific Name COLIIFORM.ES COLIIDAE Colius striatus Colius indiaus Urocolius indicus Quetzal Pavonine Trogon Citreoline Trogon Mountain Trogon Collared Trogon Trogon CORACIIFORMES ALCIDINIDAE Green and Rufous Kingfisher Kingfisher Malachite Kingfisher Pigmy Kingfisher Stork-billed Kingfisher Kookabura White-breasted Kingfisher Grey-headed Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda Aloedo cristata Corythornis cristata Ispidna picta Pelargopsis capensis Ceyx erithacus^- Dacelo gigas Halcyon smyrnensis Halcyon leucocephala Number Reported 28 14 TROGON I FORMES TROGON IDAE Pharomachrus mocino 40 Pharomachrus pavoninus 4 Trogon citreolus 3 Trogon mexicanus 1 [Trogon violaceus] Chrysotrogon caligutus 1 Trogonidae Trochilidae 33 2 13 11 10 2 4 5 ■'■This is the family name of ^These two scientific names the hummingbirds. do not refer to the same species of bird. -34- Common Name White-collared Kingfisher Kingfisher Rufous Motmot Motmot Brown-crowned Motmot Blue-crowned Motmot Motmot Motmot Lilac-breasted Roller Indian Blue Roller Roller Broad-billed Roller Hoopoe Green Wood Hoopoe Hornbill Pied Hornbill Pied Hornbill Scientific Name Halcyon clovis Halcyon smyrnensis Regu lus goodfe I lowi MOMOTIDAE Bavyphthengus ruficapillus Urospatha martii Momotus mexicanus Momotus momota "Motmoticlave"3 CORACIIDAE Coracias caudata Coracias berigJialensis Eurystomus orientalis UPUPIDAE Upupa epops PHOENICULIDAE Phoenicu lus purpureus BUCEROTIDAE Tockus gviseus Anthracoceros malabaricus Anthracoceros cononatus Anthracorceros convexus Number Reported 11 10 J-This listing should perhaps be with the other of the same scientific name. ^This name applies to a goldcrest or kinglet, family Sylviidae, I have no idea to what this refers. -35- 16 6 44 11 8 36 Common Name Hornbill Great Hornbill Giant Hornbill Giant Hornbill Greater Hornbill Concave Hornbill Hornbill Rufous Hornbill Wreathed Hornbill White-crested Hornbill Hornbill Barbet 4 Toucan Barbet , Red-headed Barbet Toucan Barbet Barbet Red-headed Barbet Unchala Toucan Barbet Great Barbet Great Himalayan Barbet Lineated Barbet Large Green Barbet Scientific Name Bycanistes subcylindricus Buaeros rhinoceros Buceros sylvestris Buaeros bicornis Buceros hydrocorax Rhinoptax sp. [=vigil]' "Hornus crest'' 2 "Hornus nebus" Arihima cornuta PICIFORMES CAPITONIDAE Capito aurovirens Cagito squamatus Eubucco bourcierii C. b. orientaiis Semnornis rampliastinus Megalaima virens Megalaima zeylanica Number Reported 1 4 -'-There is only one species in this genus. These appear to be "made-up" names. •^This name refers to a screamer, family Anhimidae. ^Both these common names were also given with other scientific names used below. 2 2 1 2 1 18 59 20 10 11 •36- Common Name Green Barbet Lineated Barbet Barbet Crimson Barbet Blue-throated Barbet Blue-cheeked Barbet Crimson-breasted Barbet Scientific Name Megalaima viridis Megalaima franklini Megalaima asiatica Cynops asiatica Number Reported 17 6 28 Pied Barbet Tricho laema leueome Ian 6 Red-fronted Barbet Tricholaema diademo.tum 3 Barbet Lybius torquatus 3 Double-toothed Barbet Lybius bidentatus 1 Crested Barbet Trachyphonus vaillantii 2 Barbet Capitonidae 6 Toucan Barbet Aulaeorhynchus haematopygus Ramphastos toco*- 10 4 Puro Barbet Fringillidae2 2 Emerald Toucanet Toucanet "Toucanet Esmel" Aulaeorhynchus suleatus Aulaeorhynchus derbianui. 14 This name is properly applied to a toucan, Ramphastidae, and should perhaps be listed under that family (which follows next). This is a family name in the Passeriformes. -^Sorne common names were used in association with a large variety of scientific names in this family, and the placement in this listing is often conjectural. Non-specific common names were frequently given; these have been listed by scientific name. There was apparently much confusion with the genus Semnornis in the family Capitonidae. This common name was used for several species in this genus. They are listed by scientific name. -37- Common Name Emerald Toucanet Toucanet Green Toucanet Emerald Toucanet Toucanet "Tucaneta Crespa" Green Toucanet Scientific Name Aulaaorhynohus prasinus Aulaaorhynahus albivittata Aulaaorhynohus haematopygus Number Reported 181 112 Toucanet Aulaaorhynohus huallagae 12 Toucanet Green Toucanet Banded Aracari Toucanet Aracari Toucanet Aulaaorhynahus alvi Aulaaorhynohus sp. 2 5 3 70 Pteroglossus torquatus Toucanet Toucan Aracari Emerald Toucanet Pteroglossus sanguineus 68 Chestnut-eared Aracari Blue-eyed Toucanet Toucanet Toucanet Green Toucanet "Bander Aracari "Tucaneta Crespa" „2 Curl-crested Toucanet Toucanet Toucanet Pteroglossus aastanotis 86 Pteroglossus pleuricinotus 352 Pteroglossus [viridis] 10 Pteroglossus insariptus Pteroglossus beauharnaesii 138 Aulaaorhynahus haematopygus 17 Pteroglossus sp. 4 •'■This specific name does not appear in the family, and is undeterminable . This name was used as a scientific name for all but two of the birds listed in this entry, associated with the other common names given. I assume it means "Banded" and thus may be properly placed here; otherwise, these birds may fall anywhere in this group. -38- Common Name Aracari Toucanet Toucanet Toucanet Plate-billed Toucan Toucan Mountain Toucan Toucan White-breasted Toucan Toucan Red-breasted Toucan Green-billed Toucan Plate-billed Mountain 3 Toucan Sulphur-breasted Toucan Short-keel Toucan Keel-billed Toucan Plate-bill Toucan Sulphur-keel Toucan Crested Toucanet Toucan Swainson's Toucan [Black-mandibled] Toucan White Toucan White-breasted Toucan Toucan Scientific Name Number Reported "Toucanidae" 2 Selenidera reinwardtii 6 Selenid.era maculirostris 29 Selenidera sp. 2 Andigena laminirostris 4 Andigena laminurus ■'- Andigene hypoglo.uoa 9 Ramphastos vitellinus1 56 Ramphastos aulminatus Ramphastos discolorus 10 Ramphastos sulfuratus 149 Ramphastos bvevieo.rina.tus Ramphastos vitellinus1* 4 Ramphastos tucan (=tuoanusl) 3 Pteroglossus viridis^ 43 Ramphastos swainsonii 57 Rampiiastos ambiguus 12 Ramphastos tueanus 76 This name is presumably a variation of laminirostris . 2Within the genus Ramphastos, the sorting seemed better done by scientific than by common name, for the most part. ^To judge by the common name, 8 of these birds might be Andigena above . ^These entries should perhaps be entered elsewhere, by scientific name, ^Despite the common name used, perhaps this entry should be with others of the genus. -39- Common Name [Cuvier's] Toucan Toco Toucan Toucan Toucanet Toucan Blue-bellied Toucan Toucan Scientific Name Number Reported Ramphastos cuviern. 10 Ramphastos toco 202 [Chestnut Piculet] Woodpecker Lineated Woodpecker Woodpecker Lesser Green Broadbill Ramphastos sp. Plumpheras alligularis^ Turaoo sohalowiP- Gvaoula veligiosa? Semnornis ramphastinus PICIDAE Picwrmus cinnamomeus Dryooopus lineatus Picidae PASSERIFORMES EURYLAIMIDAE Calyptomena vividis Megalaima vividis-> DENDROCOLAPTIDAE [Strong-billed] Woodcreeper Xiphooolaptes pvomeropivhynchus FURNARIIDAE Pearled Tree-runner Margavornis squamiger 21 5 12 1 99 4 9 27 6 ^This name means nothing to me; perhaps it is a corruption of Ramphastos albogularis, in which case it should be listed with nR. toco. This is a name used in the Musophagidae . ^This is the name of a myna, Sturnidae. ^This is the name of the Toucan Barbet, Capitonidae, and this entry should perhaps appear in that family. Here it was also called Toucanet and Green Toucanet. ^This name applies to a barbet, Capitonidae, not to a broadbill. -40- Common Name Giant Ant Pitta [Rufous-faced] Ant Pitta Pigmy Ant Pitta [White] Cotinga Umbrella Bird Scientific Name Number 'RMICARIIDAE Reported Grallaria gigantea 1 Grallaria erythrotis 2 Grallaria rufula 2 COTINGIDAE Carpodectes hopkei 6 [ Cephalopterus ornatus ] Cephalopterus o. glabricollii Cephalopterus o. penduliger Cephalopterus sp. ; 5 7 2 [Naked-throated] Bellbird Procnias nud.icollis 24 [Bearded] Bellbird Proonias averano 30 Bellbird 2 Rupicola rupicola 8 [Guianan] Cock-of-the-Rock Rupicola rupicola 20 [Andean] Cock-of-the- -Rock Rupicola peruviana Rupicola sanguinolenta Rupicola aequatorialis 113 [Cock-of-the-Rock] Rupicola sp. 1 Cotinga Cotingidae PIPRIDAE 17 Striped Manakin Machaeropterus regulus 7 Green Manakin Chloropipo holochlora TYRANNIDAE 8 [Tropical] Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus 4 Tyrant Tyrannidae 2 The forms glabricollis and penduliger may be distinct species, This name applies to a cock-of-the-rock, listed next. -41- Common Name Blue-winged Pitta Indian Pitta Damara Long-billed Lark Skylark Racket-tailed Drongo [Collared] Jay Columbian Jay [Azure] Jay [Violaceous] Jay [Black-crested] Jay Colombian Jay [Plush-crested] Jay Colombian Jay Blue-and-White Jay Urracas Jay Green Jay White-and-Green Jay Inca Jay Colombian Jay Scientific Name PITTIDAE Pitta braohyura Pitta moluooensis Poephila castanotis ALAUDIDAE [ Certhi lauda ourvirostris ] Certhilauda damarensis Alauda arvensis DICRURIDAE Diorurus paradiseus Dissemurus paradisea CORVIDAE2 Cyanolyoa viridioyana Cyanolyca turoosa Cyanooorax oaeruleus Cyanooorax violaeeus Cyanooorax af finis Cyanooovax chrysops Cyanooorax ynoas Exanthoura ynoas Larosterna inca} Number Reported 4 4 12 14 3 3 35 65 5 This name refers to a finch, in the family Estrildidae, not to a 2pitta. Because of vagueness and ambiguity in the use of common names, the jays are listed by the scientific names given. ^This is the name of the Inca Tern, Laridae. -42- Common Name Plumed Jay Red-billed Blue Magpie Green Magpie Scientific Name Calooitta formosa Urocissa erythrorhyncha Kitta erythrorhyncha Urocissa melanocephala occipitalis "Green Magpie (Hunting Cissa)" Cissa dhinensis Rufous Tree Pie Dendrocitta vagabunda Tree Pie Cissa ornata Pied Crow Corvus albus Raven Corvus corax Crow [Corvus sp.] Jay Blue Jay "Carriqui"2 "Oriolis"3 4 Colombiar Blue-and- i Jay •White Jay Fringillidae _ Eudocimus alba Eunestes murinus^ Number Reported 4 66 2 3 6 3 2 2 100 1 11 3 4 Placement of this entry is uncertain; the name ornata is found in the genus Vroo7,ssat not Cissa, and the common name used suggests 2Dendrooitta. This apparently is a local vernacular, used here as a scientific name . This may imply some indeterminate oriole, but is not a jay. ^This is a family name for a group of finches. ^This is the name of the White Ibis, Threskiornithidae. ^Eunectes murinus is the name of a snake, the Anaconda; this variation was used for a number of kinds of birds. -43- Common Name Scientific Name TIMALIIDAE White-crested Laughing Thrush Garrulax leuoolophus Laughing Thrush Maoroura indica! Laughing Jay Thrush Ramphastos vitellinus2 White-crested Thrush Agalaius ioterooephalus^ Phalacroaorax bougainvillii Number Reported 338 26 19 15 30 Spectacled Thrush Silver-eared Mesia Menon [ ? ] Pekin Robin Pekin Nightingale Black-crowned Babbler Lesser Minivet Scarlet Minivet Red-whiskered Bulbul Red-eared Bulbul Bulbul [Black] Gold-fronted Leafbird Garrulax aanorus Mesia argentauris Leiothrix lutea Areuthornis pilaris^ Urolonoha domestioa Pteruthius erythropterus CAMPEPHAGIDAE Perioroootus peregrinus Perioroootus speoiosus PYCNONOTIDAE Pyanonotus jooosus Otooompsa emeria Miorosoelis psaroides CHLOROPSEIDAE (IRENIDAE) Gold-fronted Leafbird Golden-fronted Fruitsucker Golden-fronted Chloropsis Leafbird Chloropsis aoahinohinensis Chloropsis aurifrons 30 20 564 200 16 30 6 4 226 30 12 61 This combination may refer to the Shama Thrush, in the Turdidae. This name applies to a toucan, Ramphastidae, not to a babbler. ^This is the name of a blackbird, Icteridae. ^This name is that of a cormorant, Phalacrocoracidae. ^This is an old name for the Fieldfare, Turdidae. ^This name applies to one of the small finches, Estrildidae. -44- Common Name Hardwick's Chloropsis Fairy Bluebird White-backed Dipper European Robin Nightingale Magpie Robin Shama Thrush Shama Brown-backed Solitaire Blue Solitaire Chestnut-billed Rock Thrush Orange-headed Ground Thrush Wood Thrush Grey-winged Blackbird European Blackbird Black-capped Blackbird European Song Thrush Red-collared Blackbird Scientific Name Number Reported Chloropsis hardwiokei 3 Ivena puella 43 CINCLIDAE Cinalus leucocephalus 3 TURDIDAE Erithaous nubecula 2 Luseinza meaavhynchos 26 [Copsyohus saularis] Cap. . . saalaris Copsychus malabariaus Kittaoinc la ma la'barica Rittacincla marooura Myadestes obscurus Myadestes unicolor b'ontioola rufiventris Geokichla citvina. [=Zoothera citrina] Hylooiahla musteli-na Turdus boulboul Turdus merula Turdus simillimus Turdus [iliacus] Turdus musious Turdus rufus 119 5 24 3 2 2 4 This is not an accepted name; probably it is an abbreviated form of rufiaollis , which would fit with the common name. -45- Common Name European Blackcap Kinglet Wattle-eyed Flycatcher Rufous-billed Niltava Paradise Flycatcher Glossy Starling Long-tail Starling Superb Starling Wattled Starling [Common] Mynah Golden-crested Mynah Coleto Mynah Hill Mynah Greater, Lesser, and Indian Hill Mynah Scientific Name SYLVIIDAE Sylvia atricapilla Begu lus goodfe I lowi MUSCICAPIDAE Platysteira peltata Niltava sundara Tchitrea viridis [ -Tevpsiphone virid.is ] STURNIDAE Lamprocolius chalybaens \=Lampvotovnis ahalybaeus] Lamprotornis oaudatus Spreo superbus Creatophova cinerea Aoridotheres tvistis Mino aoronatus Sarcops oalvus Gvacula religiosa Stuvnia sp. Lonohuva o.omestvca Uareginthus benegalus Poephila aastanotis^ Anostomus tvimaculatus^ Eunestes murinus^ Number Reported 2 10 4 4 4 10 13 9 4 2 50 9 17,430 1,670 319 75 100 50 15 This generic name is a synonym of Sturnus , and these birds should ^perhaps be listed elsewhere despite the common name. These names apply to finches, Estrildidae. Anastomus is the generic name of a stork, Ciconiidae, this specific name does not occur in that genus, however, and this combination cannot be placed with certainty. This is a variation of the name of a snake, the Anaconda. -46- Common Name Red-billed Oxpecker Oxpecker Royal Starling Violet-backed Sunbird Scarlet-chested Sunbird Tacazze Sunbird Beautiful Sunbird Malachite Sunbird Pavocoyo Golden-winged Sunbird Double-collared Sunbird Purple Sunbird Sunbird Orange-breasted Flowerpecker Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker Flowerpecker Flowerpecker White-eye Scientific Name Buphagus erythrovhynohus "Sternidae Regus" NECTARINIIDAE Anthreptes longuemarei Chalcomitra senegalensis Nectavinia tacazze Nectavinia pulahella Neotavinia famosa Drepanorhynchus veichenowi [=Nectarinia reichenowi] Cinnyris veichenowi Nectariniidae .1 DICAEIIDAE Dicaewn ignipeotus Dicaeum cvuentatwn Dicaeiidae ZOSTEROPIDAE Zostevops palpebrosa Zostevops sp. Chlovopsis hardwiokei .2 Number Reported 17 4 6 4 14 3 2 24 6 2 21 24 10 160 50 ^This name seems not to be a valid combination; this entry may be the same species as the one above, or it may be Nectarinia pveussi. 2This name applies to a leaf bird, Chloropseidae. -47- Common Name Indian White-eye Combassou Steel Finch Common Lavender Finch African Finch Combassou Queen Whydah Shaft-tail Whydah Pin-tailed Whydah Paradise Whydah Yellow-naped Whydah House Sparrow Golden Sparrow Golden Song Sparrow Scaly-feathered Finch Scaly-crowned Finch Scientific Name Hypaoanthis spinoides PLOCEIDAE Vidua ohalybeata Hypoohera ohalybeata Hypoohera amauropteryx [Vidua funerea] Hypoohera purpurescens Vidua hypooherina Vidua regia Vidua maoroura Vidua serena Fringillidae Uraeginthus benegalus Vidua paradieaea Steganura paradieaea Diatropura paradieaea Fringillidae Vidua maorourar , Vidua orientalis Paeeer domes ticus [Passer] luteus Auripasser luteus Sporopipes squamifrons Number Reported 20 7,020 300 25 5 10,802" 100" 4,312 108 32 90 158 10 ;:This name applies to a finch, Fringillidae. This number is not accurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments, with only the total number of birds indicated. This name applies to a finch in the family, Estrildidae. ^Thls generic name applies to a different Whydah, listed below under Coliuspaseer , but apparently these birds belong here. These birds are listed here because of the common name, but perhaps should be with the preceding species. Included here by common name, these birds should perhaps be listed separately. -48- Common Name Scaly-feathered Finch Baya Weaver Red-billed Weaver Red-billed Quelea Napoleon Weaver Taha Weaver Golden Bishop Zanzibar Red Bishop Crimson-crowned Bishop Red Bishop Orange Bishop Orange Weaver Red Bishop Giant Whydah Aurora Waxbill Crimson-winged Waxbill Crimson Waxbill Scientific Name Sporopipes frontalis [Ploceus philippinus] , Perissospiza icteroid.es Quelea quelea Euplectes [afer] Euplectes afro. Pyromelano. afro, Euplectes a.fra taha Quelea erythrops^ Xanthophilus auveoflovis Euplectes nigvoventvis Euplectes hordeaceus Euplectes orix Euplectes franciscanus Pijromela.no, ovix Pyromelana. franciscana Fringillidae Coliuspassev proqne ESTRILDIDAE Pytilia phoenicoptera. Aurora astrild.o? Pvtilia melba Number Reported 20 100 89 5,444' 2 6 6 41 7,265 52 4 171 Melba Finch This name can be traced to a hawfinch, family Fringillidae, but the entry is listed here because of the common name. This number is not accurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments. These birds were listed as Taha Weaver, although the scientific name is of another species. This name means nothing to me; the birds are listed here because of the use of the common name Golden Bishop. -'This is not a valid name and since it appeared without a common name I place it here because of the use of Aurora. Perhaps it should go later with Estrilda. astrild. -49- Common Name Green-backed Twinspot Green Twinspot Crimson-winged Twinspot Red-faced Crimson Wing Peter's Twinspot Bar-breasted Fire Finch Fire Finch Fire Finch Large Fire Finch African Fire Finch Fire Waxbill [Blue-billed] Fire Finch African Fire Finch Large Fire Finch Fire Finch Jameson Fire Finch African Finch Fire Finch Fire Finch Blue-breasted Waxbill Blue Waxbill Angola Cordon Bleu Cordon Bleu Scientific Name Mandigoa nitidula Cryptospiza reichenovii Hypargos niveoguttatus Granatina ianthinogastev Lagonosticta rufopicta Lagonosticta nitidula Lagonosticta senegala Lagonosticta rubricata Lagonosticta vhodopareia Lagonosticta jamesoni Fringillidae Amadina sp. Poephila acuticauda Uraeginthus angolensis Number Reported 332 24 8 4 60 2,797" 624 299 672 30, 218 722 This name is applied to the Purple Grenadier, which appears later -in the listing of this family. This number is not accurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments. This family name applies to another group of finches. *This generic name is listed below in this family. ^This name applies to the Long-tailed Finch, listed below. -50- Common Name Cordon Bleu Giant Cordon Bleu Red-cheeked Cordon Bleu "Birds seven colors" Cordon Bleu'' Blue-capped Cordon Bleu Cordon Bleu Blue-breasted Waxbill Violet-eared Waxbill Scientific Name Number Reported Uraeginthus bengalus 40,504 Granatina bengalus Uraeginthus sp. 20 Fringillidae1 778 Eupleotes afra (=? a/er)3 526 Sioalis oaerulesoens1* 40 "Zebra"5 25 Uraeginthus oyanooephalus 414 Uraeginthus granatina 36 Granatina granatina Purple Grenadier Lavender Finch "Vinaigre" Lavender Yellow-bellied Waxbill Yellow Waxbill [ Uraeginthus ] ianthinogaster Granatina ianthinogaster Estrilda oaerulesoens Lagonostiota oaerulesoens Lagonostiota sp. Fringillidae1 Emberiza aureola Serinus icterus "Bengali"9 Estrilda melanotis Coooopygia melanotis 31 4,769 208y 10 25 457 This family name applies to a different group of finches. The birds listed here probably go with the above entry, but are separated because of the inappropriate scientific names. "^This scientific name is that of a weaver, family Ploceidae. ^This name is not a proper combination; the genus is in the family Fringillidae. 5The Zebra Finch appears elsewhere in the listings for this family. This name applies to a species in the family Emberizidae. This number is inaccurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments. °This name is one applied to the Green Singing Finch, family Fringillidae. 'Obviously not a scientific name, this term means nothing in association with the common name Lavender. -51- Common Name Orange-cheeked Waxbill "Cheeks orange" Rosy-rumped Waxbill Common Waxbill Pink-cheeked Waxbill Red-eared Waxbill Scientific Name Number Reported Estvilda melpoda Sporaeginthus melpoda "Fringillidae" A2.4231 1,586 Estvilda vhodopyga 16 Estvilda troglodytes Estvilda oinevea Estvilda astvild Estvilda cavendishi 67.8201 110 125 St. Helena Waxbill Red-striped Waxbill Red-cheeked Waxbill Red-eared Finch Waxbill Black-cheeked Waxbill Waxbill "Assorted Finches" Strawberry Finch Red Avadavat Green Avadavat Tiger Finch Tiger Finch Green Tiger Tumbler Finch Estvilda astvild 1,159 Estvilda evytkvonotos Estvilda sp. Ploceidae-* Amandava amandava Stiotospiza amandava Spovaeginthus amandava Estvilda amandava , Taeniopygia eastanotis Hypacanthis spinoides^ [Amandava] fovmosa Estvilda fovmosa Amandava sp. 38 160 160 39,503] 600 40 450] •'■This number is not accurate because birds were in mixed shipments. 2Both these scientific names apply to the next species. ^This family name is of another group of finches, with which the estrildines were long merged. This name properly applies to the Zebra Finch, listed beyond. -'This is the name of a finch in the family Fringillidae. -52- Common Name Gold-breasted Waxbill Golden-breasted Waxbill Orange-breasted Waxbill Quail Finch Diamond Finch Diamond Sparrow Golden Sparrow Finch Star Finch Rufous-tailed Finch Fire Finch Scientific Name Amandava subflava Estrilda subflava Neisna subflava Estrilda aurora Estrilda aurea?- Fringillidae3 Stiotospiza melpoda Ortygospiza [atrioollis] Ortygospiza poly zona [Emblema] guttata Steganopleura guttata [Neoohima] rufioauda Bathilda rufioauda Poephila rufioauda Number Reported 2.7961 Zebra Finch Masked Zebra Finch Silverwing Zebra Finch Fawn Zebra Finch Silver Finch Grey Zebra Finch "Assorted Fruit Eaten Birds" White Zebra Finch Owl Finch Bicheno Finch Poephila guttata Poephila oastanotis Amandina oastanotis Amandina oastanotis domes tioa Taeniopygia oastanotis Fringillidae3 Poephila rufioauda^ 78 38 200] 791 3,730 Long-tailed Finch Grass Finch Parson Finch Poephila biohenovii Stiotopleura bichenovii Poephila aoutieauda Fringillidae3 , Hypaoanthis spinoides Poephila oincta Poephila per sonata' 30J 323 20 5 14 ^•This number is not accurate because birds were in mixed shipments. This generic name is listed above, but the specific name is not found in the family. 3This is the family name of another group of finches. ^This name applies to the Orange-cheeked Waxbill, listed above. vThis name properly applies to the Star Finch, listed above. IJThis is the name of a finch in the family Fringillidae. This is the name of a Grass Finch in this genus, not otherwise listed. -53- Common Name [Hybrid in this genus] Pin-tailed Nonpareil Pintail Finch Black-headed Finch Tri-colored Parrot Finch Blue-faced Parrot Finch Scientific Name Eoephila sp. Erythrura prasina Fuscus jeminensus' Erythrura tricolor Erytlirura trichroa Number Reported 2 2,750 60' Red-headed Parrot Finch Lady Gouldian Finch Gouldian Finch Finch Silverbill Indian Silverbill Pearl-headed Silverbill Bronze-winged Mannikin Bronze Mannikin Poif ous-backed Mannikin Mannikin Rufous-backed Mannikin Rufous Mannikin Mannikin Magpie Mannikin Erytlirura psittacea 25~ [ Ch loebia ] goulaiae 3,822 Poephila gouldiae Poephila mirabilis Fringillidae-^ Ckouna chavaria 54 [Loncliura] malabarica. 20,140 Aidemosyne malabarica Aiaemosyne cantans Euodice malabarica Euodice cantons [Lonchura, griseicapilla] 520 Od.ontospiza caniceps Lonchura cantans [Lonchura] nana 236 Spevmestes nana, Lonchura cucullata 1,192 Spermestes cucullatus Fringillidae^ Lonchura bicolor 52 Spermestes nigriceps [Lo?2chura]fringilloides 40 Amauresthes friyiailloides I have no idea what this means. This number is not exact because some birds were in mixed shipments. This is the family name of another group of finches. ^This is the name of a screamer, family Anhimidae. -54- Common Name Society Finch Bengalese; Bengaly (with a variety of descriptive adjectives) Spice Bird Black-headed Nun Black-hooded Nun Tri-colored Nun Spotted Nun Finch Scientific Name Number Reported Lonohura striata 2,856 Lonohura domes tica Munia striata Urolonoha striata Uroloncha domes tica Fringillidae Lonohura malabaricar 336 Vidua macrourar 24 Lonohura punotulata 15.2003 Munia punotulata Munia oastaneothorax 8,860 White-headed Nun White-rumped Munia Finch Nun Spotted Munia Lonohura malaoca Lonohura ferruginosa Munia malaoca Lonohura maja Paroaria cucullata® Capeina guttata! Capeina arnaldi? Capeina callolepsis^ Lonohura maja Munia maja Lonohura sp. Lonohura malaoca Munia oryzivoraP Sporophila albigularis^ Speotyto ouniculariaX^ 22,950 200 400 300 100 2,727 200 14 198 ^This name refers to the Silverbill, listed above. 2This is the name of a Whydah, in the family Ploceidae. ^This number is inaccurate because birds were in mixed shipments. ^This name is that of another species, the Chestnut-breasted Mannikin, not otherwise listed. ^There was some confusion in listing the names of the two Nuns. 6This is the name of a Cardinal, in the family Fringillidae. I do not recognize this generic name, and the species do not occur in this family. rThis name is better applied to the Java Sparrow, listed next. JlThis is the name of a Seedeater, in the Fringillidae. 10This is the name of the Burrowing Owl, in the family Strigidae. -55- Common Name Java Sparrow Java Finch Ricebird Lake Bird Blue Java Sparrow White Rice Bird Red-headed Finch Cut-throat Finch Cut- throat Waxbill Cut-throat [Green] Honeycreeper Black-headed Sugarbird Scientific Name Padda oryzivora Munia oryzivora Oryzornis oryzivora Steganopleura guttata Amadina erythrooephala Amadina fasoiata Fringillidae2 COEREBIDAE Chlorophanes spiza [Yellow-collared] Honeycreeper Iridophanes puloherrima [Purple] Honeycreeper Cyanerpes eaeruleus Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes oyaneus Yellow-winged Honeycreeper Honeycreeper Honeycreeper [Giant] Cowbird [Crested] Oropendola Green Oropendola Oriole [Black] Oropendola Daonis oayana Coerebidae ICTERIDAE Soaphidura oryzivora Psaroolius deownanus Psarcolius viridis Ostinops viridis Gymnostinops guatimozinus Number Reported 7,359 10 106 2,574 24 30 189 103 60 188 30 10 24 1This is the name of the Zebra Finch, listed earlier in this family. ^This is a family name for another group of finches. -56- Common Name Montezuma Oropendola Oropendola Tropical Oriole Oropendola Yellow-winged Blackbird Yellow-headed Marsh Bird Yellow "Cassique" [Black and Yellow] Oriole Troupial Jaula Bird '"Dragon" [Blue-hooded] Euphonia [Trinidad] Euphonia Blue Mountain Tanager Cravat [Orange-crowned] Euphonia Euphonia "Fruit-eating Bird" Tanager Scientific Name Gymnostinops montezuma Gynmostincrps sp. "Oriolis" "Oropendula" Agelaius thil-ius Agelaius icterocephalus Gymnomystax mesri.ca.nus Icterus icterus Platalea leucorodio Phoeiiicovtenis sp. Belonopterus cojjennensis^ Piranga flavor Gypageranus serpentareus-' Eunestes murinus® THRAUPIDAE Tanagra musica. To.nonra trinitatis Tanagva saturata Euphonia, sp. Ta.na.gra sp. T ariagr e llo. call op hry s This is the name of a spoonbill, Threskiornithidae. Opal-browed Tanager 1™ This is the generic name of flamingos, Phoenicopteridae. -This name refers to a plover, Charadriidae. This is the name of a tanager, Thraupidae. This is a name for the Secretary Bird, Sagittariidae. °Euneetes murinus is the name of a snake, the Anaconda. 'This common name is also used for other species of tanager, Number Reported 11 2 13 2 2 21 638 36 17 18 30 65 10 54 42 92 83 107 -57- Common Name Paradise Tanager Blue Tanager Tanager Superb Tanager [Emerald] Tanager Speckled Tanager [Golden] Tanager Yellow-throated Callortes Silver-throated Tanager [Blue-browed] Tanager Mrs. Wilson's Tanager [Blue-and-Black] Tanager Blue-winged Tanager Scientific Name Tangara chitensis Tangara. paradisaea Tangara fastuosa Tangara florida T angora, guttata Tangara ckrysophrys Tangara arthus [Ta.ngara] aequatorialis Tangava ioterooephala. Ta.ngara oya.no tis Tangara nigrooinota Tangara vassorii Tangara oyanoptera Blue-winged [Mountain] Tanager Compsocoma flavinuoha Compsoooma oyanoptera Hooded Mountain Tanager Tanager Chestnut-bellied Mountain Tanager Blue Tanager Sky Blue Tanager Tanager "Sui Sui" Palm Tanager l" Butliraupis montana Dubusia oastaneoventris Thraupis virens Thraupis episoopus Thraupis palmarum Number leported 211 31 25" 2 12 622 7 110 150 42 38 34 203 51 The few birds listed by this name should perhaps be placed elsewhere. This number is not accurate; the birds were included in a mixed lot. -5! „2 Common Name Blue-headed Tanager "Tanagra Bonarensis 3 Silverback Tanager Black-throated Silverback Tanager Red-Black Tanager Masked Crimson Tanager Crimson Tanager Mountain Tanager Tanager "Manacarato" Flame-rumped Tanager [Yellow-rumped] Tanager Red-rumped Tanager Scarlet-rumped Tanager Blue Tanager Tanager [Hepatic Tanager] Red Tanager Triumph Bird Tri-colored Musa Bird Para j ito "Seed Eaten Bird" "Birds Blue Color" White-winged Blue Tanager Flame-colored Tanager Scientific Name [Thraupis] bonariensis Tanagra bonariensis*- Ramphoaelus bresilius Ramphocelus oarbo Ramphoaelus nigvogularis Ramphoaelus flammigerus Ramphoaelus ioteronotus Ramphoaelus passerini Piranga flava "Pranjas vlavas" Piranga leucoptera Piranga bidentata Number Reported 20 40 51 129 3 65 42 520 22 2 *This is the only use of this specific name in the family; the name used on importation is not a valid combination. 2The use of this term as a common name suggests that this entry should be included with the one above, despite the association with .another scientific name. This is generally called Silver-beaked Tanager. ^This scientific name apparently was used as a "catch-all" for miscellaneous tanagers . -59- Common Name Grass Green Tanager Blue Tanager Tanager Euphonia !:Assorted Tanagers" Tanager Assorted Tanagers Blue Tanager Scientific Name Chlorornis riefferii Cissopis leveriana Thraupidae ''Arthu atoutioralis" Eunestes murinus' Number Reported 6 3 1,175 100 106 Canary Sitkin i Canary Serin Canary Grey Singing Finch FRINGILLIDAE Serinus serinus Serinus hortulanus Serinus canarius Serinus joune [?] Serinus [ cc.nico His] Serinus flavivertex Serinus leuoopygius Poliospiza leuoopygia Yellow-rumped Serin Yellow-rumped Grey Singing Finch Yellow-rumped Green Singing Finch Serinus atrogularis Poliospiza angolensis 146 6 3,064 400 6235 4 72 This possibly referrable to Tangara arthus, a subspecies of which is aequatorialis . Eunectes murinus} of which this is apparently a variant, is the name of a snake, the Anaconda. ^This common name is properly applied to Serinus aanarius , with which this entry should perhaps be merged. They are separated here on the basis of the scientific name. ^Although hortulanus is a synonym of serinus, the common name suggests that these birds should appear somewhere later among the genus Spinus. This number is not precise because some birds were included in mixed shipment, with a single total for several species of birds. -60- Common Name Green Singing Finch Green Finch Canary Green Finch Black-headed Siskin Black-headed Siskin Goldfinch [American] Lesser Goldfinch Mexican Siskin Siskin European Goldfinch Goldfinch Linnet Spotted Finch (Rose Finch) Red-headed Gouldian Finch 1™ Scientific Name Serinus mozambicus Serinus icterus Serinus senegala icterus Serinus serinus^ Fringillidae^ Estrilda amandava Serinus sp . Clitoris chloris Spinus mage I lanicus Carduelis icterica Spinus notatus Spinus tristis Spinus psaltria Carduelis spinus Spinus spinus Carduelis carduelis Carduelis c. britannica Carduelis caniceps Acanthis cannabina Carduelis cannabina Carpodacus [erytkrinus] Carpodacus "e. eribrinus'1 Eaematospiza sipahi Number Reported 30,57c)1 200 25 440 24 26 15 115 50 5 20 12 8531 35J 200 80 This number is not accurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments. 2 The name senegala does not appear in this genus, and the placement of these birds is doubtful. -'These birds may properly go with an earlier entry. This is the family name. ^This is the name of a finch listed here in the Estrildidae. "The common name suggests that this entry should be with the Estrildidae, although the scientific name warrants entry here. -61- Common Name Bullfinch European Bullfinch Italian Bullfinch Black-tailed Finch Hawfinch Green Cardinal Green-crested Cardinal Cardinal Red-crested Cardinal Crested Cardinal Pope Cardinal Yellow-billed Pope Cardinal Cardinal "Bird Mochuelo" Yellow-billed Cardinal Red-crested Cardinal Red-crested Cardinal B. -crested Cardinal Red-breasted Cardinal Scarlet Cardinal Red Cardinal Red-crested Cardinal Cardinal Black-throated Cardinal Cardinal Rainbow Bunting Rainbow Finch Scientific Name Pyrrhula pyrrhula Coooothraustes sp. Gubernatrix oristatus Gubernatrix oristatella Paroaria [ corona ta ] Paroaria aucullata Paroaria dominioana Paroaria larvata Paroaria capitata Paroaria oristata 2 Paroaria gubernatrix Pyrrhuloxia phoenioea Riohmondena phoenioea 3 Coooopsis nigrogularis Tanagra sp. Passerina leclanoheri Number Reported 5561 8 190 519 204 256 45 30 306 8 40 506 This number is not accurate because some birds were included in mixed shipments. This name does not properly appear in this genus, and allocation of these birds is uncertain. ^This generic name is a synonym of Paroaria , but the specific name does not occur in the cardinal group; placement of these birds is uncertain. ^This generic name is that of some tanagers, Thraupidae. -62- Common Name Multi-colored Finch Versicolor Finch Jacarin Finch Yellow-faced Grassquit Lineated Finch Grassquit Finch White-throated Finch Saffron Finch Saffron Finch Diuca Finch Black-crested Finch Red-crested Finch Crimson Pileated Finch Pileated Finch Stripe-crowned Brush Finch Red-headed Bunting Scientific Name Passerina versicolor Number Reported 20 Volatinia jacarini 66 Tiaris olivacea 100 Sporophila americana 12 Sporophila luatuosa 100 Sporophila albigularis 50: Sioalis flaveola 893 Fringillidae Sioalis albifrons Pipra coronata? 40 40 Sioalis auriventris 12 Diuca diuca 20 Lophospingus pusillus 36 Corypho spinous cucullatus Cory pho spinous cristatus 28 Coryphospingus pileatus 26 Atlapetes torquatus 15 Emberiza bruniceps Amadina eruthrocevho.lar 18 2 ■'•The number is uncertain because birds were included in mixed shipments. ^This specific name does not appear in this genus, and I am not certain these birds belong here. 3This name is applied to a manakin, Pipridae. ^This name applies to a finch in the Estrildidae, and perhaps should be listed there under Red-headed Finch. -63- Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Gold-breasted Bunting Emberiza flaviventrts 6 [Crested] Bunting Melophus lathami 60 Finch Fringillidae 5,797 FAMILY UNKNOWN 2 Miscellaneous Birds 459 Undoubtedly many of these "finches" belong in other families. 2Includes 92 listed as Eunestes murinu83 a variation of the name of the Anaconda.