BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY MAMMALS imported INTO THE UNITED STATES in 1969 n UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE Special Scientific Report-Wildlife No. 147 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife MAMMALS IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES IN 1969 By Clyde Jones and John L. Paradiso Bird and Mammal Laboratories Division of Wildlife Research Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report—Wildlife No. 147 Washington, D. C. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 40 cents Stock Number 2410-0285 ABSTRACT The number of each species of mammal reported on Form 3-177 for importation into the United States in 1969 is listed and discussed. The major groups of mammals reported for importation are compared with lists of mammals used in research, lists of rare and endangered species, lists of mammals whose importation is restricted, and lists of mammals imported in 1968. li MAMMALS IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES IN 1969 For some time, thousands of live mammals have been imported each year into the United States, for zoos, for research institutions, for the pet trade, and for private citizens. No listing of these importations was made before 1966, when Federal regulations made accounting mandatory. Since then, annual summaries of the total numbers of live mammals and other wildlife declared at ports of entry have been prepared by the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife as Wildlife Leaflets. Also since 1966, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences) has provided some information on the number of mammals used for research. This information was obtained from questionnaires returned by breeders, dealers, and users of laboratory animals. A list of mammals imported into the United States in 1968 was presented by Jones (1970) . The purpose of this report is to list, by species, the number of mammals declared for importation into the United States in 1969. Scientists and others may be interested in this list because: it will indicate pressures exerted on certain populations of wild mammals and the need for their conservation; it may reveal species that could become pests if established in the wild after escape; it will help mammalogists determine the source of exotic species found in the wild; it will indicate taxa of mammals that must be identified at ports of entry to prevent importation of prohibited mammals; it may suggest improvements in procedures of recording declarations of imported wildlife; and it may indicate the availability of species that are useful in research. Comparison of this list with that issued for 1968 (Jones, 1970) and with lists to be issued in the future, may indicate trends or changes in importance of various species in research. PROCEDURES Information was obtained from more than 13,000 declaration forms for importation of wildlife (Form 3-177) filed in the office of the Branch of Permits, Division of Management and Enforcement, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Department of the Interior. For expediency, as well as to avoid errors in copying, the data were sorted as follows: A xerographic copy was made of the declaration forms that included information on mammals. The entries for mammals were clipped from the copies and sorted according to the taxa recorded. Scientific name, common name, and total number of animals imported were tabulated for each species of mammal . Nomenclature of mammals used herein was taken mostly from the following references: North America South America Europe, Asia, and India Africa Australia Rodents Primates Families and genera Hall and Kelson (1959) Cabrera (1957-1961) Ellerman and Morrison- Scott (1966) Allen (1939), Meester (1967) Tr ought on (1966) Ellerman (1940) Napier and Napier (1967) Simpson (1945), Walker (1968), Anderson and Jones (1967) Orders and families are arranged in phylogenetic sequence accord- ing to Anderson and Jones (1967); names of genera are alphabetized within each family. This report is not intended in any way as a systematic treatment. No scientific or common names or combinations of names used herein are proposed as new names. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The number of mammals declared for importation into the United States in 1969 declined from that of 1968 by about 5%. Once again primates were the most frequently imported group, accounting for about 89% of all imported mammals. Lagomorphs, carnivores, marsupials and rodents combined accounted for about another 9%, while all other orders represented less than 3% of the total listed. Below is a comparison of the numbers imported in 1968 and 1969. Mammals Declaration Years Orders Families Genera Species Imported Forms 1968 1969 18 19 62 67 190 203 302 338 129,520 122,991 10,586 13,154 NUMBER OF MAMMALS IMPORTED, LISTED BY ORDERS Order Number Imported Per Cent Primates Carnivora Rodentia Marsupialia Lagomorpha Insectivora Edentata Chiroptera Artiodactyla Perissodactyla Pholidota Proboscidea 108,974 4,610 2,332 2,131 2,006 758 754 428 239 169 24 20 88.60 3.75 1.90 1.70 1.60 .60 .60 .40 .20 .14 .02 .02 Number Order Imported Pinnipedia 18 Hyracoidea 18 Cetacea 14 Monotremata 6 Tubulidentata 6 Dermoptera (4), Sirenia (3) 7 Unknown 477 Per Cent .02 .02 .01 .01 .01 .01 .39 Total 122,991 100.00 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND SUMMARY OF IMPORTATIONS BY FAMILIES Number Page Group Imported 9 Monotremata 9 Tachyplossidae 6 9 Marsupial ia 9 Didelphidae 1,173 9 Dasyuridae 11 9 Phalangeridae 858 10 Phascolomidae 2 10 Macropodidae 87 Number Page Group Reported 10 Insectivora 10 Erinaceidae 251 11 Solenodontidae 4 11 Soricidae 5 11 Tupaiidae 498 11 Dermoptera 11 Cyrocephalidae 4 11 Chiroptera 11 Noctilionidae 43 11 Rhinolophidae 4 11 Phyllostomidae 337 12 Vespertilionidae 5 12 Molossidae 39 12 Primates 12 Lemur idae 79 12 Indriidae 7 12 Lorisidae 269 13 Cebidae 66,338 14 Callithricidae 6,537 14 Cercopithecidae 35,313 16 Hylobatidae 137 16 Pongidae 294 Number Page Group Imported 16 Edentata 16 Myrmecophagidae 525 17 Bradypodidae 193 l^ Dasypodidae 36 I7 Pholidota 17 Manidae 24 17 Lagomorpha 17 Leporidae 2,006 17 Rodentia 17 Sciuridae 479 18 Heteromyidae 2 I8 Pedetidae 6 18 Cricetidae 164 19 Muridae 387 19 Hystricidae 24 19 Erethizontidae 91 19 Caviidae 751 19 Hydrochaeridae 169 19 Dinomyidae 5 20 Dasyproctidae 218 20 Chinchillidae 19 2" Capromyidae 17 Number Page Group Imported 3 1 9 1 25 102 2,638 515 36 2 1,292 18 20 Cetacea 20 Balaenopteridae 20 Monodontidae 20 Delphinidae 20 Phocoenidae 20 Carnivora 20 Canidae 21 Ursidae 21 Procyonidae 21 Mustelidae 22 Viverridae 22 Hyaenidae 23 Felidae 23 Pinnipedia 23 Phocidae 24 Tubulidentata 24 Orycteropodidae 24 Proboscidea 24 F.lephantidae 24 Hyracoidea 24 Procaviidae 24 Sirenia 24 Trichechidae 20 18 451-916 O - 72 - 2 Number Page Group Imported 24 Perissodactyla 24 Equidae 64 24 Tapiridae 102 24 Rhinocerotidae 3 25 Artiodactyla 25 Hippopotamidae 2 25 Camelidae 33 25 Cervidae 14 25 Giraffidae 14 25 Antilocapridae 3 25 Bovidae 173 26 Unknown 477 SYSTEMATIC LIST Nineteen orders of mammals were imported; these included representa- tives of 67 families and at least 338 species. A total of 477 (0.4%) of the mammals declared could not be identified either by the common name or the scientific name given on the form. Common Name Spiny Anteater Woolly Opossum Woolly Opossum Woolly Opossum Woolly Opossum Murine Opossum Murine Opossum Brown Four-eyed Opossum Gray Four -eyed Opossum Broad-footed Marsupial "Mouse" Crested-tailed Marsupial "Rat" Pigmy Gliding Opossum Cuscus Scientific Name MONOTREMATA TACHYGLOSSIDAE Tachyglossus aouleatus MARSUPIALIA DIDELPHIDAE Caluromys sp. Caluromys derbianus Caluromys lanatus Caluromys philander Marmosa sp. Marmosa robinsoni Metaohirus nudiaaudatus Philander opossum DASYURIDAE Antechinomys spenoeri Dasyuroides byrnei PHALANGERIDAE Aorobates pygmaeus Phalanger sp. Number Reported 8 1 163 2 787 161 43 8 817 12 Common Name Cuscus Brush-tailed Opossum Coarse-haired Wombat Tree Kangaroo Tree Kangaroo Tree Kangaroo New Guinean Forest Mountain Wallaby Hare Wallaby Kangaroo Great Gray Kangaroo Wallaroo Rock Wallaby Rock Wallaby Brush Wallaby Brush Wallaby Brush Wallaby Red-necked Wallaby Hedgehog Hedgehog Scientific Name Phalanger maoulatus Triehosurus sp. PHASCOLOMIDAE Phascolomis ursirtus MACROPOD IDAE Dendrolagus goodfellowi Dendrolagus matsohiei Dendrolagus ur sinus Dorcopsulus macleayi Lagorahestes sp. Macropus sp. Maoropus major Maoropus robustus Petrogale sp. Petrogale penioillata Wallabia sp. Wallabia dorsalis Wallabia eugenii Wallabia rufogrisea INSFCTTVORA ERINACEIDAE Erinaceus sp. Erinaceus europaeus Number Reported 17 12 2 1 3 2 15 8 3 2 2 5 24 2 17 1 14 128 10 Common Name Long -eared Desert Hedgehog Long-eared Desert Hedgehog Desert Hedgehog Solenodon Musk Shrew Tree Shrew Gliding Lemur Gliding Lemur Fisherman Bat Horseshoe Bat Big Fruit-eating Bat Tri-colored Short-tailed Fruit Bat Sanborn's Long-nosed Bat Lesser Spear-nosed Bat Greater Spear-nosed Bat Scientific Name Number Reported Hemiechinus auritis 77 Hemiechinus megalotis 20 Paraechinus sp. 12 SOLENODONTIDAE Solenodon paradoxus 4 SORICIDAE Suncus murinus 5 TUPAIIDAE Tupaia glis 498 DERMOPTERA CYNOCEPHALIDAE Cynocephalus sp. Cynooephalus variegatus CHIROPTERA NOCTILIONIDAE Noctilio leporinus 43 RHINOLOPHIDAE Rhinolophus ferrumequinum 4 PHYLLOSTOMIDAE Artibeus lituratus 8 Carollia perspicillata 28 Leptonyatevis sanbormi 20 Phyllostomus discolor 50 Phyllostomus hastatus 114 11 Common Name Yellow-shouldered Bat Round -eared Bat White-lined Bat Vampire Bat Cave Myotis Free-tailed Bat Velvety Free-tailed Bat Dwarf Lemur Lemur Ring-tailed Lemur Black Lemur Mongoose Lemur Weasel Lemur Mouse Lemur Mouse Lemur Verreaux's Sifaka Galago Demidoff's Galago Scientific Name Sturnira liliwn Tonatia b idens Vampyrops lineatus Desmodus rotundus VESPERTILIONIDAE Myotis velifer MO LOSS IDAE Tadarida brasiliensis Molossus nigricans PRIMATES LEMUR IDAE Cheirogaleus medius Lemur sp. Lemur oatta Lemur macaco Lemur mongoz Lepilemur mustelinus Microcebus sp. Microceb us murinus INDRIIDAE Propithecus verreauxi LOR IS IDAE Galago sp. Galago demidovii Number Reported 12 1 4 100 20 19 3 2 60 4 2 1 2 5 71 2 12 Common Name Senegal Galago Slender Loris Slow Loris Potto Howler Monkey Red Howler Monkey Mantled Howler Monkey Douroucouli Spider Monkey Long-haired Spider Monkey Brown-headed Spider Monkey Black-handed Spider Monkey Black Spider Monkey Woolly Spider Monkey Red Uakari Titi Monkey Dusky Titi Monkey Capuchin White-fronted Capuchin Black-capped Capuchin White- throated Capuchin Weeper Capuchin Scientific Name Number Reported Galago senegalensis 109 Loris tavdigradus 12 Nyotioebus ooucang 72 Perodiotious potto 3 CEBIDAE Alouatta sp. 36 Alouatta seniculus 12 Alouatta villosa 93 Aotus trivirgatus 5,312 Ateles sp. 77 Ateles belzebuth 31 Ateles fusoiceps 19 Ateles geoffvoyi 1,548 Ateles panisous 984 Braohyteles arachnoides 38 Cacajao rubiaundus 69 Callicebus sp. 116 Callicebus molooh 43 Cebus sp. 99 Cebus albifvons 4,743 Cebus apella 1,024 Cebus capucinus 1,574 Cebus nigrivittatus 78 13 Common Name Red-backed Saki Woolly Monkey Monk Saki Pale-headed Saki Squirrel Monkey Goeldi's Marmoset Marmoset Black-tailed Marmoset White-eared Marmoset Common Marmoset Pigmy Marmoset Lion-headed Marmoset Geoffroy's Tamarin Rio Napo Tamarin Red-mantled Tamarin Red-bellied Tamarin Yellow-handed Tamarin White-lipped Tamarin Cotton-top Marmoset Negro Marmoset Mangabey Sooty Mangabey Scientific Name Chiropotes satanas Lagothrix lagothricha Pitheeia monaahue Pithecia pitheeia Saimiri soiureus CALLITHRICIDAE Callimiao goeldii Callithrix sp. Callithrix argentata Callithrix aurita Callithrix jacahus Cebuella pygmaea Leontideus rosalia Saguinus geoffroyi Saguinus graellsi Saguinus illigeri Saguinus lab iatus Saguinus midas Saguinus nigriaollis Saguinus oedipus Saguinus tamarin CF.RCOPITHECIDAE Cercocebus sp. Cercooebus torquatus Number Reported 6 3,311 24 2 47,096 43 1 40 46 52 639 149 6 6 197 9 1 1,564 3,752 32 3 9 14 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Grivet Monkey Cereopithecus aethiops 2,951 Moustached Monkey Cereopithecus cephus 4 Diana Monkey Cercopi 'thecus diana 11 Blue Monkey Cereopithecus mitis 5 Mona Monkey Cereopithecus mona 12 Spot -nosed Monkey Cereopithecus nictitans S De Brazza's Monkey Cercopi '.thecus neglectus 9 Vervet Monkey Cereopithecus pygerythrus 30 Colobus Monkey Colobut f guereza 23 Patas Monkey Ery throe eb us patas 132 Macaque Macaaa sp. 49 Stump-tailed Macaque Macaca arctoides 1,721 Crab -eating Macaque Macaea fascicularis 1,188 Japanese Macaque Macaca fuscata 12 Celebes Macaque Macaea maura 5 Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta 27,462 Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca nemestrina 479 Celebes Black Ape Macaca nigra 101 Bonnet Monkey Macaca radiata 51 Lion-tailed Macaque Macaca silenus 4 Barbary Ape Macaca sylvana 13 Proboscis Monkey Nasalis larvatus 4 Baboon Papio : sp. 142 15 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Olive Baboon Papio anubis 189 Yellow Baboon Papio aynooephalus 20 Hamadryas Baboon Papio hamadryas 23 Drill Papio leueophaeus 5 Guinea Baboon Papio papio 74 Langur Presbytis sp. 5 Hanuman Langur Presbytis entellus 3 Dusky Langur Presbytis obseurus 2 Capped Langur Presbytis pileatus 2 Phayre's Langur Presbytis phayrei 4 Douc Langur Pygatkrix nemaeus 3 Gelada Baboon Theropitheaus gelada HYLOBATIDAE 552 Dark-handed Gibbon Hylobates agilis 18 Black Gibbon Eylobates ooncolor 34 White-handed Gibbon Hylobates lar 51 Siamang Gibbon Hylobates syndactylies PONG I DAE 34 Chimpanzee Chimpansee troglodytes 292 Gorilla Gorilla gorilla EDENTATA MYRMECOPHAGIDAE 2 Silky Anteater Cyclopes didaatylus 35 Giant Anteater Myrmeoophaga tridaatyla 38 16 Common Name Tamandua Three-toed Sloth Three-toed Sloth Two-toed Sloth Two-toed Sloth Hairy Armadillo Nine-banded Armadillo Nine-banded Armadillo Six-banded Armadillo Three-banded Armadillo Pangolin Malayan Pangolin Chinese Pangolin Hare Snowshoe Hare Old World Rabbitt Golden-backed Squirrel Sumatran Giant Squirrel Scientific Name Tamandua tetradactyla BRADYPODIDAE Bradypus sp . Bradypus tvidactylus Choloepus didactylus Choloepus hoffmanni DASYPODIDAE Chaetophvactus villosus Dasypus sp. Dasypus novemcinetus Euphvactus sexoinctus Tolypeutes tvioinatus PHOLIDOTA MAN I DAE Manis sp . Manis javanica Manis pentadaotyla LAGOMORPHA LEPORIDAE Lepus sp. Lepus anevicmnus Oryatolagus cuniculus RODENT I A SCTURIDAE Callosciurus caniceps Callosciurus prevosti Number Reported 452 88 5 71 29 13 2 11 9 1 12 11 1 43 1,155 808 3 8 17 Common Name New World Flying Squirrel Bornean Squirrel Neotropical Dwarf Squirrel Oriental Pigmy Squirrel Giant Flying Squirrel Giant Flying Squirrel Dwarf Flying Squirrel Indian Giant Squirrel Tree Squirrel Gray Squirrel Tropical Red Squirrel Variegated Squirrel Common Old World Squirrel Asiatic Striped Squirrel Pocket Mouse African Jumping Hare Fish-eating Rat White-throated Wood Rat Cactus Mouse Diurnal Sand Rat Scientific Name Glaucomys volans Glyphotes simus Miorosciurus sp. Narmo soiurus melanotis Petaurista sp. Petaurista grandis Petinomys sp. Ratufa indioa Soiurus sp. Soiuvus oarolinensis Soiurus granatensis Soiurus variegatoides Soiurus vulgaris Tamiops sp. HETEROMYIDAE Perognathus sp. PEDETIDAE Pedetes oapensis CRICETIDAE ^Lchthyomys stolzmanni Neotoma albigula Peromysous eremious Psammomys ohesus Number Reported 2 19 1 3 1 3 1 13 170 15 202 15 21 2 5 6 3 150 18 Common Name Spiny Mouse House Mouse Pacific Rat Black Rat Brush-tailed Porcupine Brush-tailed Porcupine Old World Porcupine Malayan Porcupine Crested Porcupine African Porcupine Prehensile-tailed Porcupine Prehensile-tailed Porcupine Guinea Pig Guinea Pig Mara Capybara Pacarana Scientific Name MURIDAE Aaomys cahirinu8 Mus musaulus Hattus exulans Rattu8 rattus HYSTRICIDAE Atherurus afriaanus Atherurus macraurus Hystrix sp. Hystrix braohyurum Hystrix cristata Hystrix galeata ERETHIZONTIDAE Coendou sp. Coendou prehenailis CAVIIDAE Cavia sp. Cavia poraellus Doliahotu8 patagona HYDROCHAERIDAE Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris DINOMYIDAE Dinomy8 bvanickii Number Reported 25 235 78 49 1 7 5 3 7 1 35 56 110 633 8 169 19 Common Name Paca Agouti Agouti Agouti Acushi Mountain Viscacha Nutria Hispaniolan Hutia Rorqual Narwhal Killer Whale Bottle-nosed Dolphin Common Porpoise Wild Dog Gray Wolf Scientific Name DASYPROCTIDAE Agouti paca Dasyprocta sp. Dasypvocta aguti Dasyprocta fuliginosa Myoprocta sp. CHINCHILLIDAE Lagidium viscacia CAPROMYIDAE Myocastor coypu Plagiodontia aediwn CETACEA BALAENOPTERIDAE Balaenoptera sp. MONODONTIDAE Monodon monoceros DELPHINIDAE Orcinus orca Tupsiops gillii PHOCOENIDAE Phocoena phocoena CARNIVORA CANIDAE Canis sp. Canis lupus Number Reported 56 30 39 87 6 19 2 15 2 7 2 9 20 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Maned Wolf Chrysoeyon brachywms 5 African Hunting Dog Lycaon pictue 2 Raccoon Dog Nyatereutes procyonoides 3 Gray Fox Uroayon sp. 1 Gray Fox Uvooyon cinereoavgenteus 2 Red Fox Vulpes vulpes URSIDAE 1 Malayan Sun Bear Eelarctos malayanus 20 Sloth Bear Melur8us ursirtus 21 Asiatic Black Bear Selenarctos thib etanus 24 Spectacled Bear Tvemarctos ornatus 1 American Black Bear Ursus amevicanus 16 Brown Bear Ursus arotos 13 Polar Bear Ursus maritimus PROCYONIDAE 7 Lesser Panda Ailurus fulgens 11 Olingo Bassarioyon sp. 4 Coati Nasua nasua 832 Kinkajou Potos flavus 607 Raccoon Prooyon lotor MUSTELIDAE 1,184 Oriental Small-c lawed Otter Anb lonyx cinerea 89 African Clawless Otter Aonyx capensis 14 Tayra Eira barbara 154 21 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Grison Galictis vittata 12 Wolverine Gulo gulo 1 Otter Lutva sp. 37 Southern River Otter Lutva anneatens 5 River Otter Lutva canadensis 10 Old World River Otter Lutva lutva 47 Smooth-coated Indian Otter Lutva pevspicillata 15 Fisher Mavtes pennanti 92 Weasel Mustela sp. 2 Mink Mustela vison 34 Giant Otter Ptevonuva bvasiliensis VIVERRIDAE 3 Binturong Avetictis bintuvong 7 Small-toothed Palm Civet Avatogalidia tvivivgata 8 Genet Genetta genetta 2 Banded Palm Civet Hemigalus devbyanus 2 Common Palm Civet Vavadoxuvus hevmaphvoditus 2 Banded Lin sang Pvionodon linsang 5 Suricate Suvicata suvicatta 4 Lesser Oriental Civet Vivewiaula indiaa HYAF.NIDAF. 6 Brown Hyaena Hyaena bvunnea 2 22 Common Name Cheetah Leopard Cat Jungle Cat Pampas Cat Puma Geoffroy's Cat Marbled Cat Jaguar Ocelot European Wild Cat Fishing Cat Margay Cat Jaguarundi Caracal European Lynx Bobcat Clouded Leopard Leopard Tiger Snow Leopard Elephant Seal Scientific Name FELIDAE Acinonyx jubatus Felts b engalensis Felis chaus Felis colocolo Felis concolov Felis geoffroyi Felis mavmovata Felis onca Felis vardalis Felis catus Felis vivewina Felis xoiedii Felis yagouaroundi Lynx caracal Lynx lynx Lynx vufus Neo felis nebulosa Leo pavdus Leo tigvis Uncia uncia PTNNIPF.DIA PHOCIDAE Mirounga angustivostris Number Reported 46 338 35 24 21 9 2 26 552 1 17 49 133 4 2 10 2 9 8 4 23 Common Name Harp Seal Siberian Seal Harbor Seal Aardvark Indian Elephant Tree Hyrax Tree Hyrax Rock Hyrax Rock Hyrax Manatee Zebra Burchell's Zebra Baird's Tapir Brazilian Tapir White Rhinoceros Scientific Name Phooa groenlandious Phoea sibirica Phooa vitulina TUBULIDENTATA ORYCTEROPODIDAE Ovyctevopus afer PROBOSCIDEA ELEPHANTIDAE Elephas maximus HYRACOIDEA PROCAVTIDAE Dendrohyrax sp. Dendrohyrax dor satis Eeterohyrax syriaous Prooavia oapensis SIRENIA TRICHECHIDAE Trioheohus manatus PERISSODACTYLA EOUIDAE Equus sp. Equus burahellii TAPIRIDAE Tapirus bairdii Tapirus terrestris RHINOCEROTIDAE Ceratotherium simum Number Reported 8 4 2 20 10 5 1 2 7 57 6 96 24 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported African Black Rhinoceros Diceros bicornis 1 Indian Rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis ARTIODACTYLA HIPPOPOTAMIDAE 1 Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius CAMELIDAE 2 Dromedary Camel Camelus dromedarius 31 Alpaca Lama pacos CERVIDAE 2 Eld Deer Cervus eldi 3 Sika Deer Cervus nippon 4 Sambar Deer Cervus unicolor 4 Pere David's Deer Elaphurus davidianus GTRAFFIDAE 3 Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis ANTILOCAPRIDAE 14 Pronghom Antilocapra americana BOVIDAE 3 Addax Addax nasomaculatus 1 Dibatag Ammodorcas clarki 2 Bongo Boocercus eurycerus 2 Goat Copra sp. 2 Ibex Capra ibex 6 Duiker Cephalophus sp. 14 25 Common Name Scientific Name Number Reported Bay Duiker Cephalophu8 dor satis 4 Jentink's Duiker Cephalophus jentinki 8 Yellow-backed Duiker Cephalophus silvicultor 2 Brindled Gnu Connoahaetes taurinus 5 Bontebok Damali8cu8 pygargus 6 Gazelle Gazella sp. 9 Thomson's Gazelle Gazella thamsonii 7 Roan Antelope Hippotragus eauinus 1 Waterbuck Kdbus sp. 2 Dik-Dik Madoqua sp. 1 Dik-Dik Madoqua kirkii 15 Mountain Goat Oreamnos americanus 5 Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus 14 Scimitar-horned Oryx Oryx tao 2 Mountain Sheep Ovis canadensis 13 Dall's Sheep Ovis daiti 1 Chamois Rupioapra rupicapva 3 Saiga Saiga tatariaa 24 Bushbuck Tragelaphu8 sp. 3 Lesser Kudu Tragelaphus imberbis 4 Bushbuck Tragelaphus sariptus 8 Greater Kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros 2 UNKNOWN 477 26 PRIMATES USED FOR RESEARCH IN 1969 Some data on the numbers of mammals used for research in 1969 have been assembled by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (ILAR News, 1970). These data permit a general comparison of the numbers of certain mammals sold and bred during 1969 with those declared for importation in the same year. More species and individuals of New World primates were declared for importation in 1969 than were sold or bred in the United States; more species, but fewer individuals, of Old World primates were declared for importation than were used for research in that year. Altogether, 44,959 more primates were imported than were reported as used for research. Some of these discrepancies between the numbers of primates reported as used for research and those declared for importation may have resulted from methods of gathering the data. Of 3,240 questionnaires sent to breeders, dealers, and users of laboratory animals in 1969, 2,258 (69.7%) were returned to the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources; many primates may have been either unre- ported or included in nondesignated categories. Some rather distinctive genera, such as Caoajao, Callimico, Leontideus, Propithecus, and PygathriXy were not included in the list of primates used for research, but were declared for importation in 1969. They probably were destined for zoos and pet dealers. In the following list of primates used for research in the United States in 1969, numbers of animals sold and bred in 1969 were taken from ILAR News, (1970) and numbers imported are from Bureau data. Used for Research Sold Bred Total Imported NEW WORLD PRIMATES CEBIDAE Alouatta - 141 Aotus 3,970 2 3,972 5,312 Ateles 612 7 619 2,659 Brachyteles - 38 Cacajao - 69 27 Used for Research Sold Bred Total Imported Catlicebus Cebus Chiropotes Lagothvix Pitheaia Saimiri Callimioo Callithvix Cebuella Leontideus Saguinus Marmosets Not Designated 990 68 1,058 8,254 175 8,429 CALLITHRICIDAE 2,204 211 2,415 265 - 265 159 7,518 6 3,311 24 47,096 43 139 639 149 5,567 Total 16,295 463 16,758 72,870 28 Sold Bred Total Imported OLD WORLD PRIMATES LEMUR IDAE Ch.eirogaleu.8 Lemur Lepilemur Mioroaebus Propithecus Galago Loris Nycticebus Perodicticus Ceroooebu8 Ceroopithecu8 Colobue Erythroaebu8 Macaco. Na8alie Papio Presbytis INDRIIDAE LOR IS IDAE 42 22 64 142 - 142 CERCOPITHECIDAE 13 36 49 4,252 63 4,315 25 - 25 87 8 95 36,913 3,777 40,690 933 313 1,246 96 7 103 3 68 1 7 182 12 72 3 12 3,027 23 132 31,091 4 453 16 29 Sold Bred Total Imported Pygathrix - - - Theropithecus ■ HYLOBATIDAE - Hylobates 22 2 PONG I DAE 24 Chimpansee 277 25 302 Gorilla 2 - 2 Not Designated 195 _ 195 3 552 137 292 2 Total 42,999 4,253 47,252 36,099 IMPORTED RARE AND ENDANGERED SPECIES Some species of mammals listed in the RED DATA BOOK (1969) by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources were declared for importation into the United States in 1969. Of the 23 rare and endangered species (381 animals) imported, 3 species, Cacajao rmbicundus (69 animals), Callimico goeldii (43 animals), and Leontideus rosalia (149 animals), comprise 68% of the total number of rare and endangered animals recorded. Numerous subspecies of rare and endangered forms of mammals listed in the RED DATA BOOK (1969) may have been included among mammals imported in 1969, but identifications were not made to subspecies. Species of mammals listed in the IUCN RED DATA BOOK in 1969 that were declared for importation into the United States in 1969 are listed below. Those marked with an asterisk are included on the United States' list of foreign species in danger of extinction, and since June, 1970, could be imported only under special permit. 30 Scientific Name Solenodon paradoxus Cheirogaleus medius Propithecus verreauxi Brachyteles arachnoides Cacajao rubicundus Callimico goeldii Leontideus rosalia Pygathrix nemaeus Myrmecophaga tridactyla Tolypeutes tricinctus Chrysocyon brachyurus Tremarctos ornatus Ursus maritimus Pteronura brasiliensis Hyaena brunnea Unaia unoia Tapiru8 bairdi Diaeros bicornis Rhinoceros unicornis Addax nasomaculatus Cephalophus jentinki Elaphurus davidianus Oryx tao Common Name Number Reported Solenodon 4 Dwarf Lemur 3 Verreaux's Sifaka 7 Woolly Spider Monkey 38 Red Uakari 69 C.oeldi's Marmoset 43 I, ion-headed Marmoset 149 Douc Langur 3 Hi ant Anteater 38 Three-banded Armadillo 1 Maned Wolf 5 Spectacled Bear 1 Polar Bear 7 riant Otter 3 Brown Hyaena 2 Snow Leopard 4 Baird's Tapir 6 White Rhinoceros 1 Indian Rhinoceros 1 Addax 1 Jentink's Duiker 8 Pere David's Deer 3 Scimitar-horned Oryx 2 31 IMPORTATION OF RESTRICTED MAMMALS Federal regulations (Title 50, Part 13, Section 13.5) of 1967 restrict the importation of five groups of mammals. Representatives of two of these prohibited groups were declared for importation into the United States in 1969: Scientific Name Oryctolagus cuniaulus Suricata surioatta Common Name Number Reported Old World Rabbit 808 Suricate 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Import declarations were made available through the courtesy of Bernolt W. Palas; copies were made by Sheila Jones, Barbara Harvey and Brenda Brooks. Sheila Jones and Barbara Harvey also clipped the entries of mammals from the forms, and assisted in sorting them into appropriate categories. Assistance in sorting materials was provided by Henry W. Setzer. Ronald H. Pine helped check scientific and common names. Shirley Artis typed the final manuscript. 32 REFERENCES Allen, G. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, Cambridge. 736 p. Anderson S. and J. Jones, Jr. 1967. Recent mammals of the world. Ronald Press Company, New York. 453 p. Cabrera, A. 1957-1961. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Nacional de Investigacion de las Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires. 732 p. Ellerman, J. 1940. The families and genera of living rodents. British Museum (Natural History), London. 2 vols. 1379 p. Ellerman, J. and T. Morrison-Scott. 1966. Checklist of Palearctic and Indian mammals, 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London. 2d ed. 810 p. Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources. 1970. Summary of questionnaire to determine the number of animals used for research in 1969. ILAR News 14:ii-iii, vi. Hall, E. and K. Kelson. 1959. The mammals of North America. Ronald Press Company, New York. 2 vols. 1083 p. Jones, C. 1970. Mammals imported into the United States in 1968. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Special Scientific Report--Wildlife No. 137. 30 p. Meester, J. 1967. Preliminary identification manual for African mammals. Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum. Washington. Napier, J. and P. Napier. 1967. A handbook of living primates. Academic Press, New York. 456 p. Red Data Book. 1969. Mammalia. International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Morges, Switzerland. Vol. 1. Simpson, G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classifi- cation of mammals. Bull. American Mus. Nat. Hist. 85:1-350. Troughton, E. 1966. Furred animals of Australia. Livingston Publishing Company, Narbeth, Pennsylvania. 8th ed. 376 p. Walker E. 1968. Mammals of the world. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore. 2d ed. 2 vols. 1500 p. 33 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1972 O - 451-916 As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has basic responsibilities for water, fish, wildlife, mineral, land, park, and recreational resources. Indian and Ter- ritorial affairs are other major concerns of this department of natural resources. The Department works to assure the wisest choice in managing all our resources so that each shall make its full contribution to a better United States now and in the future. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE WASHINGTON. D. C. 2024O POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR