JL THE. PHILIPPINE Sc: Ree By H. CunisT (Basel, Switzerland) ResnvtEp FROM | OUR PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. No. 1, 1902, Biological Laboratory.—Preliminary Report of the Appearance in the Phil- ippine Islands of a Disease Clinically Resembling Glanders. By R. P. Strong, M. D. x Z No. 2, 1902, Chemical Laboratory.—The Preparation of Benzoyl-Acetyl Peroxide and Its s - Use as an Intestinal Antiseptic in Cholera and Dysentery. Preliminary Notes. By Paul C. Freer, M. D., Ph. D. 3 No; 8, 1908, Biological Laboratory.—A. Preliminary Report on Trypanosomiasis of Horses in the Pnilippine Islands. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Norman E. Williamson. No. 4, 1908, Serum Laboratory.—Preliminary Report on the Study of Cattle and Cara- baos in. the Philippine Islands. By James W. Jobling, M. D. No. 5, 1903,. Biological Laboratory.—Trypanosoma and Trypanosomiasis, with Special Reference to Surra in the Philippine Islands. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Moses T. Clegg. No. 6, 1908.—New or Noteworthy Plants, I. The American Element in the Philippine Flora. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist, (Issued January 20, 1904.) No. 7, 19083, Chemical Laboratory.—The Gutta Percha and Rubber of the Philippine Islands. By Penoyer L. Sherman, jr., Ph. D. No. 8, 1908.—4A. Dictionary of the Plant Names of the Philippine Islands. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. 9, 1903, Biological and Serum Laboratories —A Report on Hazmorrhagie Septiczmia in Animals in "the Philippine Islands. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D., and J. W. Jobling, M. D. No. 10, 1908, Biological Laboratory.—Two Cases of a Peculiar Form of Hand Infection (Due to an Organism Resembling the Koch-Weeks Bacillus). By John R. McDill, M. D., and Wm. B. Wherry, M. D. No. 11, 1903, Biological Laboratory.—Entomological Division, Bulletin No. 1: Prelimi- nary Bulletin on Insects of the Caeao. (Prepared Especially for the Benefit of Farmers.) By Charles S. Banks, Entomologist. No. 128, 19083, Biological Laboratory.—Report on Some Pulmonary Lesions Produced by the Bacillus of "Haemorrhagic Septiezemia of Carabaos. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D. No. 13, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—A Fatal Infection by a EHitherto Undescribed Chromogenic DERLertunis Bacillus Aureus Fetidus. By Maximilian Herzog, M. D. - No. 14, 1904.—Serum Laboratory: Texas Fever in the Philippine Islands and the Far East. By J. W. Jobling, M. D., and Paul G. Woolley, M. D. Biological Laboratory: Entomological Division, Bulletin No. 2: The Australian Tick (Boophilus Australis Fuller) | in the Philippine Islands. By Charles S. Banks, Entomologist. No. 15, 1904, Biological and Serum Laboratories. —Report on Bacillus Violaceus Ma- nile: A Pathogenic Micro-Organism. By Pau! G. Woolley, M. D. No. 16,.1904, Biological Laboratory.—Protective Inoculation Against Asiatic Cholera : An Experimental Study. By Richard P.: Strong, M. D. : No. 17, 1904.—New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, II. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist, No. 18, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—1. Amebas: Their Cultivation and Etiologie Sig- nifieance. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D., and Moses T. Clegg. II. The Treatment of Intes- tinal Amobiasis (Amcebie Dysentery) in the Tropiecs. By W. E. Musgrave, M. D. No. 19, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Some Observations on the Biology of the Cholera i Spirillum. By W. B. Wherry, M. D. x IC MGR No. 20, 19044.—Biological Laboratory: I. Does Latent or Dormant Plague Exist Where y : the Disease is Endemic? By Maximilian Herzog, M. D., and Charles B. Hare. Serum Laboratory: II. Broneho-Pneumonia of Cattle: Its Association with B. Bovisepticus. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D., and Walter Sorrell, D. V. S. III. Pinto (Paro Blanco). By Paul G. Woolley, M. D. Chemical Laboratory: IV. Notes on Analysis of the Water from the Manila Water Supply. By Charles L. Bliss, M. S. Serwm Laboratory: WV. Framboesia: Its Occurrence in Natives in the Philippine Islands. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D. No. 21, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Some Questions Relating to the Virulence of Micro- Organisms with Particular Reference to Their Immunizing Powers. By Richard . 120m CES M. D. | No. 22, 1904, Bureau of Government Laboratories.—1. A Description of the New Build- ings of the Bureau of Government Laboratories. By Paul C. Freer, M. D., Ph. D. II. A een RE of the Library of the Bureau of Government Laboratories. By Mary Polk, j Albrarian ROI No. 23, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Plague: Bacteriologzy, Morbid Anatomy, and Iiis 2455299808 iopathology (Including a Consideration of Insects as Plague Carriers). By. Maximilian. erzog, M. ui NM S : No. 94, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—Glanders.:.Its Diagnosis and Prevention (Together with a Report on Two Cases of Human Glanders Oceurring in Manila and Some Notes on Mp em and Polymorphism of. Bacterium Mallei). By Willam B. Wherry,. No. Sipuved, and Cresta de Gallo. | By FM Richard C. MAdrorUn No. 26, 1904, Biological Laboratory.—The Clinical and Pathological Significance of. Balantidium Coli. By Richard P. Strong, M. D. EM No. 27, 190J4..— ^ Review of the Identification of the Species Described in Blanco' S Flora. EU OE de Filipinas. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. Nr No. 28, 1904.—1. The Polypodiacez of the Philippine IPIE LI Edible Philippine E Fungi. By Edwin B. Copeland, Ph. D. j No. 29, 1904.—1. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, IIl eJ The Source of. Manila | Elemi. By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. 380, 1905, Chemical Laboratory.—1. Autocatalytie Decomposition of Silver Oxide — i IL. Hydrátion in Solution. By Gilbert N. Lewis, Ph. D. ja No. 31, 1905, Biological Laboratory.—1. Notes om a Gase of Hiematochyluria (Together. with Some Observations on the Morphology of the Mis ies Nematode, Filaria Nocturna). By William B. Wherry, M. D., and John R. McDill M. Manila, P. L . II. A. Search Into the Nitrate and Nitrite. Content of Witte's V bepiong," "with: Special Reference to Its. | Le Ji SAP Demonstration of the Indol and Cholera- Red EBRENQUM pe Mg. . BR. "Wherry, : ; (Conclnded on third autem NS | ode LIBRARY NE'T/ Y6XK BOTANICAL THE PHILIPPINE TERDEN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE C. BOTANY x Mor. If JUNE, 1907 No. 3 SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM NOVARUM AUT IMPERFECTE COGNITARUM. By H. CHRisT. (Basel, Switzerland.) In the collections of Philippine ferns sent me by Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist, of the Bureau of Science, and by Dr. E. B. Copeland, which have increased in an unexpected manner since the year 1903, I have distin- guished very many forms not considered by Dr. Copeland in his papers on Philippine ferns;! and which are not included in my two w orks on the fern flora of the Archipelago.? At the request of Mr. Merrill, I have prepared a list for publication in Tug PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, containing the diagnoses of those species that appear to me to be undescribed, and observations on others which for one reason or another are of special interest. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Messrs. Loher, Copeland and Merrill for having with great liberality supplied me with the rich material that has enabled me to undertake this work. Cuming's collection is the basis of our knowledge of the pteridophyte flora of the Philippines, and of which J. Smith? published a list of species, however, unfortunately, containing many almost nomina muda. ! Ferns, in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 175-194; Polypodiaeez of the Philip- pine Islands, Govt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 7—138; New Philippine Ferns. Tis Journal 1 (1906) Suppl. 143-166; New Philippine Ferns, II, I. c. 251-257 ; A New Polypodium and Two New Varieties, Elmer's Leaflets Philip. Bot. (1906) 78, 79. ? Filiees Insularum Philippinarum, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 127—154; 189—- 210; II. [. c. 6 (1906) 987—1011. f isiisratio Filieum Philippinarum in Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 392-422. 54744 153 154 CHRIST. Presl has deseribed many of the species represented in C'uming's col- lection * in a masterly manner, but perhaps has carried the separation of species a little too far in some cases, although his observations are very exact and his deseriptions very clear. In working on Philippine ferns,. it is always necessary to consult this work in determining whether or not a species has been described. HYMENOPHYLLUM 5mith. 1l. Hymenophyllum Merrillii n. sp. Leptocionium, ex affinitate H. holochili (v. d. D.) C. Chr., Javanici, caespitosum, minus, laciniis brevioribus, colore atrofusco, textura crassiore. Rhizomate filiformi repente caespitoso, cum stipite rhachique pilis rufis brevibus parce vestito, stipite filiformi 3 cm. longo, fronde ovata acuminata versus basin attenuata 6 cm. longa, 2 cm. lata, bipinnatifida, pinnis confertis ca. 8 utrinque, euneato-ovatis antice acutis sessilibus nec adnatis infimis petiolulatis 6 mm. latis profunde pinnatifidis, segmentis cuneato-obtusis 3 utrinque, profunde laciniatis, laciniis lanceolatis 2 mm. latis serrulato-dentatis planis, rhachi haud alata, soris infimae laciniae anteriori pinnarum insidentibus, pro pinna solitariis, 3 aut 4 utroque rhacheos latere, ovatis, 2.5 mm. longis, apice bivalvatis ser- rulatis, receptaculo crasso valde exserto. Colore atrofusco. "Textura rigidiuscula. Luzow, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (3927 Merrill) October, 1904; Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (Loher) March, 1897, alt. 1,400 m. 2. Hymenophyllum serrulatum (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. 367 (H. Smithii Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 97. Tab. 35 B). A species peeuliar in the section Leptocionium by the valves of the sori being entire or very slightly dentate. A large species with ovate fronds. 13 em. long, 7 em. broad, the stipes 8 em. long. It appears to be one of the most widely distributed species of the genus in the Philippines. LuzoN, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3233 Merrill) October, 1903; (165, 443, Whitford) May, July, 1904; (208 Copeland) January, 1904; Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (918 Whitford) October, 1904; Province of Rizal, Angilog (Loher) March, 1906. NEGaROos, Mount Silay (1509 Whitford) May, 1906. The same species has been found in Perak (leg. Hose); the plant reported from Celebes under this name is doubtful. 3. Hymenophyllum thuidium Harringt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 16 (1877) 26; Christ in Schum. und Lauterb. Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Schutsgeb. Südsee 1: 34. A large very elegant species, all the foliaceous parts finely crisped and at the same time dentate-aristate. Very diaphanous, the sori small, globose, dark brown, terminal, the valves entire. Stipe 6 em. long; frond 10 em. long, 5 em. wide. MiNDANAO, San Ramon. at 800 m. alt. (1751 Copeland) April, 1905; Mount Apo, at 1,800 m. alt. (1441 Copeland) October, 1905. Very nearly the same species is found in the Bismark Mountains, German New Guinea, leg Schlechter 14030, which I have called H. Bismarkianum. * Epimeliae botanicae (1849). SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 155 4. Hymenophyllum aculeatum (v. d. Bosch Hym. Jav. Tab. 31, Leptocio- nium) Racib. Pter. Buitenz. 21. Lvuzow, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (209 Copeland) January, 1904; (3231 Merrill) October, 1903; Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (921 Whit- ford) October, 1904. MiNDANAO, Province of Surigao (268 Bolster) March, 19006. Identieal with specimens from Mount Salak, Java, leg. Raciborski. It is the species enumerated in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 141, as H. Neesii. 5. Hymenophyllum campanulatum n. sp. Leptocionium. | Habitu omino H. T'unbridgensis, valvis integris, rhachi hispida. ] Dense et late caespitosum, rhizomate tenui sed rigido ramosissimo. stipite rhachique nigris, pilis rigidis hispidis, stipite 1.5 em. tenui, frond* 4 em. longa 1 cm. lata bipinnatifida oblonga, basi et apice attenuata, pinnis ca. 6 utrinque arcuato-reflexis, alternis, 1 cm. longis, flabellato- partitis, laciniis 4 aut 5, linearibus, vix 1 mm. latis, parce aristato-serratis. Soris raris, prope basin costae positis, pedunculatis, campanulatis, valvis erecto-patentibus ovatis, 2 mm. longis. "Textura rigidiuscula. Colore fusco. NreGROS, Mount Silay (1549 WhAhitford) May, 1906, alt. 1,100 m. 6. Hymenophyllum pycnocarpum v. d. Bosch Hym. Jav. Tab. 37. Laeve. Fronde ovata, tripinnatifida, rhachi alata, soris terminalibus paniculatis, valvis trigono-acutis. LuzoN, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) January, 1890, January, 1906; Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (922 Whitford) October, 1904. Hymenophyllum subdemissum Christ, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 140, should be united with this species. 7. Hymenophyllum Blumeanum Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 4: 131. LuzoNw, Provinee of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3232 Merrill) October, 1903, the lanceolate form figured by Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. Tab. 36, 2. .H. polyanthos Christ (non Sw.) Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 139, should be referred here. 8. Hymenophyllum paniculiflorum Presl, Hymen. (1843) 32, 55. A small plant recognizable by its large sori which are ovoid or globose, terminal and occupying all the segments at the summit of the frond. LuzoN, Provinee of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, 2,250 m. alt. (Loher) April, 1904. Identieal with specimens from Java, leg. Giesenhagen and Raciborski, and with specimens from Japan, leg. Fauric. I am now of the opinion that H. discosum. Christ, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 140, should be united with this species, although the sori are much broader and more round than those in the Javan plant, leg. Giesenhagen. 9. Hymenophyllum demissum (Forst.) Sw. in Schrad. Journ. 1800 * (1501) 100. Luzow, Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (Loher) February, 1906. This plant is identical with the form found in New Zealand and Celebes, low, with small sori, the rachis winged only near the summit. Z7. productum Kze. Bot. Zeit. (1848) 305, Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. T'ab. 45, of Java, is a larger plant with triangular elongated valves and winged stipes. 156 CHRIST. 10. Hymenophyllum formosum Brackenr. U. S. Explor. Exped. 16 (1854) 208. t. 32. f. 3. MiNDANAO, Mount Apo (1442 Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 1,800 m.; (340 DeVore & Hoover) May, 1903. Our plants mateh the form represented by Tab. 47 Van den Bosch, Hymenophyllaceae Javanicae. 1l. Hymenophyllum Junghuhnii Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. 60. Tab. 49. LuzoN, Distriet of Lepanto, Bagnen (1921 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 1.550 m. MiwpANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang (4638 Mearns [e Hutchinson) May, 1906. A form with very large sori and with broad segments. The Philippine plants referred by various authors to H. dilatatum Sw., are referable to the two above species. . 12. Hymenophyllum australe Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 527. Lvuzow, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1873 Copeland) October, 1905; Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Loher); (5053 Curran) August, 19006. MriNDANAO, Mount Apo (324 DeVore & Hoover) May, 1903. The Philippine form has very narrow segments and is very compound, quadri- pinnatifid. Under the lens the margins are very finely denticulate. TRICHOMANES Linn. 13. Trichomanes parvulum Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 8: 46. LuzoN, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (177 Whitford) May, 1904. 14. Trichomanes diffusum Blume, Enum. 225. B. LuzowN, Provinee of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (5137 Merrill) Mareh, 1906, 300 m. alt. MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1652 Copeland) April, 1905, 700 m. alt. 15. Trichomanes nitidulum Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. 21. LuzoN, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6023 Elmer) March, 1904. 16. Trichomanes rhomboideum J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3: 417; Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. Tab. 24. LuzowN, Province of Bataan, Mount .Mariveles (3121 Merrill) October, 1903; (206 Copeland) January, 1904. This form, of the Cephalomanes group which is riehly developed in the Philip- pines, is distinguishable by its rounded pinnz, its elongated aristate teeth and long sori. 17. Trichomanes Javanicum Blume, Enum. 224; Van den Bosch Hymen. Jav. Tab. 22. Luzow, Provinee of Rizal, Mabaeal (Loher) March, 1906; Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) January, 1906; Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (263, 513 Whitford) July, 1904; (2397 Borden) January, 1905; (2420 Meyer) January, 1905; (207 Copeland) February, 1904. NEGROS, Gimagaan River (1603 Whitford) March, 1906. PALAWAN (578 Foaworthy) April, 1906. Common and widely distributed in the Philippines. Var. intercalatum n. var. Boris margini anteriori, apici saepeque parti superiori marginis pos- terioris impositis numerosis (12) longe exsertis campanulato-clavatis ore non dilatato, dentibus marginis posterioris elongatis aristatis conspicuis. Pinnis saepe dissectis. Luzow, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) January, 1906; Provinee of Rizal, Oriud (Loher) February, 1906; Province of Benguet, Sablan (6214 Elmer) April, 1904. ^ SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 157 POLYSTICHUM Roth. Polystichum, of the essentially Chinese group of P. auriculatum, is well repre- sented in the Philippines. The first form known was Phegopteris nervosa Fée, Mem. 6. 13. Tab. 2. Fig. 4, which I do not hesitate to reduce as a variety of Polystichum deltodon. "Phe rich Chinese material that I have at my disposition has convineed me that there are but slightly marked differences by which the Philippine plant can be distinguished. 18. Polystichum deltodon (Bak.) Diels in Nat. Pfílanzenfam. 1* (1899) 191. Aspidium deltodon Baker in Gard. Chron. 14: 494. Var. nervosum (Fée Gen. 244; Mem. 6: 13. Tab. 2. Fig. 4, Phegopteris). Differt a typo montis Ómi, Chinae occid., leg. Faber 1045 statura majori, pinnis magis numerosis (usque ad 50 utrinque) minus acutis. LuzoN, Provinee of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (Loher) November, 1894, alt. 1,400 m.; Province of Benguet, Baguio (5916 Elmer) March, 1904. 19. Polystichum Copelandi n. sp. Rhizomate caespitoso foliis fasciculatis, stipite tenui 2.5 cm. longo eum rhachi squamis subulatis nigris parce vestito, viridi, fronde lanceolato- lineari, basi non attenuata, acuminata, usque ad 20 cm. longa, 2 cm. lata, pinnata pinnis densissime imbricatis inferioribus deflexis ca. 50 utrinque rhombeo-acutiusculis marginibus parallelis 1 cm. longis basi fere 0.5 cm. latis, postice cuneatis, antice truncatis acute auriculatis, postice integris antice minute dentatis dentibus ca. 10 haud aristatis, nervis furcatis, soris postice deficientibus antice ca. 6, 1 mm. a margine remotis minutis uniseriatis rufis impressis, indusio minuto fugaci rotundo umbonato. Textura herbacea, faciebus calvis, colore flavoviridi, opaco. LuzoN, Distriet of Bontoe, Sagada (1901 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 1,600 m. Very near the small group of P. hecatopteron Diels, and strongly resembling P. Dielsii Christ in Bull. Acad. Mans. (1906) 238, from which it differs in its smaller size, its short stipe, the pinnz not obtuse but pointed, the teeth more pronounced and the sori less marginal. 20. Polystichum obliquum (Don) Moore Ind. (1858) S7. Aspidium obli- quum Don Prodr. 3. A. caespitosum Wall. Cat. No. 367. Var. Luzonicum n. var. Stipite debili 17 cm. longo, fronde 25 cm. longa 5.5 em. lata, pinnis imbricatis oblongo-rhomboideis 3 em. longis basi 12 mm. latis acutis acute auriculatis, margine fere integro sed dentibus parvis dejicientibus aristatis ciliato, soris biseriatis sed antice pluribus (ca. 10) medialibus minutis. Nervis occultis, textura herbacea, opaca. Luzow, Provinee of Benguet, Trinidad (1812 Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 1.200 m. Very close to the plant from China, India, Annam (leg. Cadiére) and of Japan, but larger, the teeth very faint, scarcely visible but nevertheless aristate. 158 CHRIST. ASPIDIUM Swartz. 21. Aspidium (Pleocnemia) Angilogense Christ. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Il. 6 (1906) 1003. | do not hesitate to refer here Pleocnemia Cwmingiana Presl, Epim. Bot. 410, and regret that this speeifie name which has priority, is inappropriate in Aspidium beenuse of the later use of the same specifie name under Aspidiwum by several authors, AKwnze, Sturm. In addition to the localities in Luzon cited by me in the original deseription of the species, Dr. Copeland has found it in Mindanao, San Ramon, April, 1905, No. 1698, alt. 600 m. He adds *Fronds 2 to 5 m. high, deltoid, stipe 2 m. high, stout, rhizome 10 to 20 em. thick, ascending. Presl, without doubt after Cuming's notes says "arbor viginti-pedalis' In other charaeters I find our species to be very near Nephrodium chrysotrichum. Baker from Samoa; Upolu, Apia leg. Betehe 1880; Falwao leg. AKeinecke 90, 94; Savai, leg. Reinecke 90b; Upolu, leg. Reinecke 94. "The two collectors give the height of the Samoan plant as from 20 to 40 feet, with black trunks. It is certainly the largest arborescent fern outside of the Cyatheaceae. 22. Aspidium profereoides n. sp. Fronde sterili longissime stipitata, stipite 45 cm. longa pennae cygni crassitie eum rhachi castaneo suleato opaca squamis subulatis 0.5 cm. longis setisque brunneis sparso vestito, fronde ultra 50 cm. longa 32 em. lata deltoideo-oblonga pinnata parce bipinnatifida, pinnis infimis nec abbre- viatis nee postice auctis caeteris aequalibus, pinnis remotis recte patentibus ca. 15 utrinque infra apicem acuminatum inciso-lobatum, sessilibus, 18 em. longis 3.5 em. latis lanceolatis acutis usque ad mediam laminam incisis, ala utrinque 0.5 cm. lata et ultra, lobis angulo angusto obtuso separatis 19 mm. longis 1 em. latis ovato-obtusis, ca. 18 utrinque, infimis aliquantum auctis et rhachin tegentibus, subintegris, nervis non prominentibus, in lobis pinnatis, 6 ad 8 utrinque, infimis areolam angulosam angustam secus costam, superioribus 1, 2 aut 3 areolas laterales secus eostulam formantibus, ab areola costali ad sinum 3 aut 4 areolis intercalatis. Nervulis inclusis nullis. "lextura flaccide herbacea, colore obscure viridi, opaco, faciebus imprimis costis furfuraceo-puberulis. Folio fertili sterili longiore ; stipite 70 cem. et ultra, fronde 50 cm. longa, egregie contracta, pinnis valde remotis, 10 cm. longis, 2.5 cm. latis, ad alam angustam incisis, lobis lineari-lanceolatis faleatis 4 mm. latis, soris 1.5 mm. latis rotundis mediis brunneis, indusio flaecido atrobrunneo mox corrugato sine dubio reniformi. Aspidium excellens Blume Enum. 120 differt ex descriptione Presliana l. c. frondibus monomorphis, segmentis acutis. MiNDANAO, Distriet of Davao, Todaya (1467A Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 1,205 m. *'Rootstock short, erect" Copeland. A marked species with nerves of Proferea Presl, Epim. 619, and pronounced dimorphism. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 159 LEPTOCHILUS Kaulfuss. 23. Leptochilus heteroclitus (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 1l, 385. Acrostichwm flagelliferum Wall. This species, widely distributed from British India, throughout Malaya, and in the Philippines especially, offers in the latter region a variability that ap- proaches that of Dryopteris canescens. "The apices of the sterile leaves are elon- gated into linear lash-like appendages which are proliferous and usually take root, the young plants emitting a fascicle of leaves entirely different from those of the adult ones. Often they are not simple linear leaves, with the lateral lobes more or less aborted, but frequently are singularly compound, enlarged and deeply ineised. Often the little plants are fertile, and the fertile fronds offer irregular- ities analagous to the sterile ones. In other characters the differences are frequently strongly marked, and the various forms might readily be considered to represent distinct species. I have enumerated below the forms, that in my eoneeption of this. species, should be considered as varieties or subspecies, and although several of them have acquired a certain stability, certain characters are eonstant in all of them, showing their close relationship to L. heteroclitus and probable derivation from that species. Var. eurybasis n. var. Rhizomate repente, pennae anserinae crassitie, cum stipite basi squamis minutis dilute brunneis crispis sparso radicoso. Foliis sparsis sed appro- pinquatis, foliorum sterilium stipite 8 cm. longo flexuoso tenui griseo, fronde 13 cm. longo deltoideo-ovata, pinna terminali decurrente et cum pinna laterali proxima parva plus minus concreta, basi cuneata, acumi- nata, nec caudata nec prolifera, 8. em. longa, 2.5 cm. lata oblonga par- viloba, lobis 10 vel pluribus utrinque subrotundis 5 mm. latis acute denticulatis, pinnis lateralibus 3 aut 4 utrinque, mediis 3 em. longis, 1 em. latis cuneatis obtusis decurrentibus serrato-lobulatis, infimis valde postice auctis deltoideo-ovatis petiolatis nee decurrentibus, basi profunde incisis, eaeterum serrato-lobatis. Nervis lateralibus rectis a costa ad marginem protensis 4 mm. distantibus, series plures areolarum valde irregulariarum, minores areolas nec nervulos liberos includentium con- tinentibus. Colore atrato, textura herbacea, opaca. Foliorum fertilium lamina aequilonga sed angustiore, pinna terminali 5 em. longa lanceolata acuta profunde lobata decurrente, pinnis lateralibus 4 utrinque obtusis, 2.5 em. longis, 1.5 cm. latis, ovatis sessilibus aut adnatis, sed pinnis infimis petiolatis auctis, parte terminali late cuneato-ovata lobata, pinnulis late- ralibus similibus minoribus. MixDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (552 Mrs. Clemens) May, 1906, alt. 660 m. Differing from the type by its aberrent fronds being in part bipinnate, deltoid at the enlarged base, posteriorly deeply incised; even the fertile fronds are some- times bipinnate at the base. 160 CHRIST. Var. Foxworthyi n. var. Pinna terminali lineari vel oblonga acuminata grosse dentata longe decurrente interdum radieante, pinnis duabus lateralibus rudimentariis minutis, 0.5 em. aut ultra diametro, ellipticis aut rotundatis, pinna fertili terminali lineari-laneeolata duobus lobulis lateralibus ovatis suffulta. Planta vix 20 cem. alta. Lvzow, Provinee of Rizal, Bosoboso (68 Foaworthy) January, 1906. Small, very narrow and very simple in comparison with the type, but closely related by the shoots developed along the upper parts of the leaves. Var. inconstans (Copel. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 43 pro specie). In view of the fact that two varieties show a progressive intergradation between the type and the species described by Copeland, l have not hesitated to consider the latter as a variety of Leptochilus heteroclitus, a form still more reduced than the preceding, characterized by its very small size, the apices of the leaves often linear, the shoots very irregular. Var. Fozworthyi is almost exactly intermediate between the type and the variety ?nconstans. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (3128 Merrill) April, 1904; (251 Copeland) January, 1904; (1124 Whitford) March, 1905; Province of Rizal, Mabaeal (Loher) March, 1906. This variety seems to be rather widely distributed in the Philippines; I have specimens from Christmas Island (Straits Settlements) leg. J&idley that closely approach it. Var. Linnaeanus (Fée Acrost. 87 pro specie). I believe that this form can be reduced, with a sufficient degree of surety, as a variety of Leptochilus heteroclitus, as a derived form of that species, in spite of its uniformly elongated and very narrow leaves. lts texture, its nerves, although strongly simplified, its proliferous leaves and the strong resemblance of its offshoots to those of the normal form support this contention. We have then a series almost complete from the type, that seems to be always triphyllous in the Philippines, to the form with absolutely linear and undivided leaves. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Manap River, near Montalban (.Loher) 1892. 24. Leptochilus diversifolius Blume, Enum. 103 et Fil. Jav. Tab. 12. MriNDANAO, San Ramon (1543 Copeland) November, 1904, alt. 100 m. Diseovered by Blume in Java and generally confounded with L. heteroclitus, from which it is sufficiently distinct. Conf. Raciborski Pterid. Buitenz. 48. ATHYRIUM Roth. 25. Athyrium anisopteron Christ, Ann. Acad. Mans. (1907). Luzow, Provinee of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Loher) 1894, alt. 2,250 m.; Pauai (1967 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2,150 m. This is the plant that I have previously considered as Aspidium Fauriei var. elatum. Christ? and which Copeland, MSS., referred to Nephrodium. Makino? treats it with reason under A£hyrium. After an examination of abundant material I have divided this species into several, the representative in the Philippines being A. amisopteron, a species of a Chinese group already known from Yunnan, leg. Henry et P. Duclouza. * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 193. * Bot. Mag. Tokyo 17: 160. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 161 26. Athyrium nanum n. sp. Rhizomate obliquo brevi aut subrepente, foliis subfasciculatis paucis (3 ad 4) stipite tenui fusco squamulis tenuissimis setulosis rufobrunneis patentibus cum rhachi pubescente fere 0.5 ad 1 cm. longo, fronde lan- ceolata 6 em. longa, 7 mm. lata in longam apicem pinnatifidum prolon- gata, fere usque ad basin alata et utrinque 5 aut 6 pinnis remotiusculis praedita, pinnis segmentisque erecto-patentibus, 2.5 ad 5 mm. altis supe- rioribus basi aequalibus integris oblongis inferioribus inaequalibus antice auriculatis suberenatis infimis inaequalibus crenato-lobatis, puberulis, ner- vis fureatis vix pinnatis, soris ca. 5 pro segmento, vix 1 mm. longis, ovatis, ochraceis, indusio lanceolato rarius aspidioideo reniformi. Colore laete virente, textura flaccide herbacea. MiNDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (656 Mrs. Clemens) July, 1906. . The smallest species of the genus known, pinnatifid and in part only simply pinnate, distinguished by its rather strongly winged rachis. 27. Athyrium drepanopteron (Kze.) Moore. Asplenium oxyphyllum. (Wall.) Hook. Polypodium drepanopteron Kze. Linn:a 23: 278, 318. Lastrea eburnea J. Sm. Bot. Mag. 72 (1846) Comp. 34. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6498 Elmer) June, 1904; found also by other American collectors. A. continental type extending from Japan to Yunnan and north India. 28. Athyrium Benguetense n. sp. Rhizomate ut videtur repente aut obliquo tenui nigro, stipitibus ap- proximatis paucis tenuibus stramineis 25 cm. et ultra longis, basi squamulis lanceolatis brunneis 2 mm. longis sparsis vestitis, rhachi et costa puberulis, planta aliter nuda, fronde caudato-acuminata lanceolata 30 em. longa 9 cm. lata basi non attenuata bipinnatifida, pinnis patentibus sessilibus (costa straminea) remotis, infimis subdeflexis, ca. 25 infra apicem lobatum, 5 cm. longis 16 mm. latis lanceolato-acuminatis fere ad rhachin incisis, segmentis subpectinatis ca. 18 utrinque 2.5 mm. latis, lineari-oblongis obtusiusculis subcrenatis aut integris, nervis 6 ad 8 utrinque simplicibus obliquis, soris mediis 6 ad 8 utrinque, rotundis vix 1 mm. latis ochraceis, indusio tenuissimo rotundo reniformi hyalino umbone obscure, mox evanido. "Textura flaceida, colore atroviridi. Luzow, District of Lepanto, Mount Data (Loher) February, 1894, 2,250 m. alt.; Province of Benguet, Pauai (1948 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2,150 m. By its aspidioid sori a Dryopteris, but in all other respects a true AtRhyrium, very delieate and with segments almost entire. 29. Athyrium Copelandi n. sp. Rhizomate ramoso breviter repente crassiuseulo atrato, stipitibus plumbeo-stramineis basi squamis lanceolato-subulatis brunneis parce ves- titis, supra eum rhachi furfuraceo-squamulosis, 9 cm. longis, fronde 14 em. longa, 6 em. lata oblonga, basi non attenuata longe acuminata, pinnis 162 CHRIST. ca. 15 utrinque (rhachi versus apicem alata) sessilibus superioribus adna- tis et decurrentibus, faleatis, inferioribus remotis, grosse lobatis 9 cm. longis 1 cm. latis lobis ca. 6 utrinque infimis antice maximis, 4 em. longis, 3 cm. latis, triangulari-ovatis, aeutiusculis subcrenatis, nervis in lobis pinnatis 3 ad 4 utrinque, obliquis, soris 2 ad 3 mm. longis 1 mm. latis, turgidis ovato-lanceolatis, omnino tectis, indusio leviter curvato, griseo, membranaceo, persistente, soris rufo-ochraceis. "l'extura coriacea, colore atrovirente subtus pallido, faciebus glabris. . LuzoN, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1909 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 1,700 m. A small alpine species intermediate between Athyriwm acrostichoides (f&Sw.) Diels and Diplazium Japonicum ('Phunb.). DIPLAZIUM Swartz. 30. Diplazium bulbiferum DBrack. U. S. Expl. Exp. 16 (1854) 141. Tab. 18. Jine Rhizomate pollicis erassitie, oblique erecto, radicibus nudis crassis et longis semi-supraterraneis suffulto, foliis fasciculatis sed paucis, stipitibus basi atratis squamisque subulatis nigris 0.5 cm. longis vestitis, superne raris setis nigris sparsis, 15 ad 25 em. longis, tenuibus, fronde 20 ad 30 em. longa, 13 cm. lata, ovato-oblonga apice pinnatifida-acuminata pinnata, ad basin apicis rhachi gemmifera et interdum vivipara, pinnis infimis aliquantum abbreviatis et deflexis, pinnis fere omnibus versus apicem usque egregie petiolatis, petiolo 3 ad 5 mm. longo, horizontali, pinnis 8 ad 10 utrinque infra apicem pinnatifidum, oblongis acutis nee caudatis ca. 4 em. rarius magis longis 18 mm. latis basi inaequalibus postice cuneatis antice auriculato-truncatis grosse crenato-serratis lobulis brevibus raro ultra 3 mm. longis 3 ad 5 mm. latis decumbentibus, acutiusculis, nervis utrinque in lobulis pinnatis plerumque 2 aut 3 utroque costulae latere obliquis, soro plerumque duplici (diplazioideo) protenso 7 mm. longo brunneo anguste lineari nervulo anteriore imposito, soris irregularibus brevibus aliis nervulis insidentibus, indusio tenuissimo diaphano decolori. lextura herbacea, planta laevi, colore supra atroviridi, subtus pallido, opaco. MiNDANAO, Davao (701 Copeland) March, 1904: San Ramon (1678 Copeland.) March, 1905; Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (167, 252 Mrs. Clemens) February, 1906. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (6010 Leiberg) July, 1904; (234 Whitford) May, 1904; (238 Copeland) January, 1904. A. species of the D. silvaticum group, but smaller, proliferous, its pinnz distant, generally short, shortly pointed and long petioled, unequally aurieulate, slightly lobed, one long sorus and some short ones on each lobe, very pale beneath.. The speeimen from San Ramon is very large with 16 pairs of pinnze 12 by 2 em., and more deeply lobed than the others. I think that the plant that I took for D. silvaticum. Presl in my first paper on Loher's Philippine ferns? and of whieh I have not a specimen at hand, is * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 153. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 163 perhaps referable to the above species whieh seems to be widely distributed in the Philippines. JD. petiolare Presl, Epim. 446, a species that I have not seen, differs, according to the description, in its linear pinnz and pubescent rachis. Diplazium silvaticum is to me more and more a collective species" worthy of being segregated into several distinct forms. 31. Diplazium atratum n. sp. Stipite 25 em. et ultra longo basi incrassito digiti diametro sulcato, ebeneo aut atroviolaceo, opaco uti tota planta, basi latere ventrali more cyathearum squamis subulatis 1.5 cm. longis nigris dense vestito, planta aliter subnuda aut minute furfuracea, fronde late deltoidea acuta 60 em. et ultra longa basi 45 cm. et ultra lata, bipinnata, pinnis remotis petiolo 9 ad 3 em. longo praeditis superioribus subsessilibus, recte patentibus, utrinque ca. 20, infimis haud reductis, usque ad 30 em. longis, 10 em. latis, longe acuminatis, basi attenuatis pinnulis ca. 20 infra apicem incisum ultra 1 cm. distantibus, recte patentibus inferioribus petiolulatis e. basi lata lanceolato-acuminatis, ultra mediam laminam basique fere ad costam incisis, lobis ca. 15 utrinque porrectis 3 mm. longis trigono- faleatis acutis margine serrulato saepe reflexo pinnis superioribus pinnulis similibus, nervis 4 ad 7 utrinque obliquis crassis simplicibus, soris nervosa costa fere ad marginem segmentibus valde obliquis convexis atrobrunneis, linearibus simplicibus, indusio lineari coriaceo brunneo persistente. Fronde glabra, textura rigide, fere lignoso-coriacea, colore atrofusco, opaco. PALAWAN, Victoria Peak (714, 683, 663 Foaworthy) March, 1906, alt. 600 to 1,100 m. The plant with its hard woody texture and its dark color must be in sharp contrast to the surrounding vegetation. It is a very stiff coriaceous species with ample, deltoid, bipinnate fronds, the pinns petioled, the pinnules narrow and deeply incised, the lobes angular, narrow, their margins reflexed, the stipe and axial parts black, the frond itself blaekish. "The species has the general appearance of a Dicksonia or a Cyathea. 32. Diplazium crenatoserratum (Blume Enum. 177, Asplenium). MINDANAO, San Ramon (1667 Copeland) March, 1905, alt. 650 m. This species has not previously been reported from the Philippines; the above specimen matches material in my herbarium from Singapore leg. ose, Java leg. Lefebre, Borneo leg. Grabowsky, Hose, Niewenhuis, Celebes leg. Sarasin and Sumatra leg. Schneider. 33. Diplazium Smithianum (Baker) Diels Nat. Pfílanzenfam. 1* (1889) 928. Asplenium Smithianum Baker Syn. 245. I am unable to distinguish from this species No. 2667 Merrill from Bosoboso, Rizal Province, Luzon, determined by Copeland as D. dolichosorum Copel. "The type of Copeland's species is from MiNpANAO and he does not mention the LUZON plant in his diagnosis. Loher has previously found D. Smithianum in LUZON, and I have specimens from Celebes, leg. Sarasin, Koorders and Warburg (No. 15314) and from New Guinea, Sattelberg, Weinland, 1890. It is also found in Ceylon. 164 CHRIST. ASPLENIUM Linn. 34. Asplenium exiguum Bedd. Ferns. S. Ind. £. 146. LuzoN, Provinee of Benguet, Adouay (1845 Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 900 m.; Baguio (4887, 4860 Curran) August, 1906. An Asiatie type. [ have specimens from Simla leg. Blanford, Massuri leg. Hope, Bhotan leg. Griffilh. No. 2812, Yunnan leg. Delavay and from The Nilgiris, southern India, leg. Gamble. It has not been found in Japan. 35. Asplenium Elmeri n. sp. Rhizomate brevi radicoso, squamis castaneis subulatis coronato stipi- tibus fasciculatis 7 ad 12 cm. longis cum rhachi atrorufis subintentibus, squamulis patentibus subulatis brunneis vestitis, rhachi in parte superiore sed infra apicem prolifera, fronde oblonga acuminata basi attenuata 20 cm. longa 6 ad 8 em. lata, bipinnata sive tripinnatifida, pinnis petiolatis, 16 ad 20 utrinque recte patentibus remotiusculis breviter petiolatis, costa libera supra breviter alata, pinnis ovato-elongatis acuminatis apice grosse dentato lanceolato, pinnis 2 ad 3 cm. longis, 1.5 cm. latis remotis paucis 2 rarius 3 utrinque, petiolulatis ovato-cuneatis obtusis grosse dentatis 8 mm. longis 3 mm. latis, pinnula basali anteriore aucta et rhachi approximata, nervis in segmentis flabellato-furcatis, soris 2 aut 3 in segmento, lanceolatis 4 mm. latis atrobrunneis indusio griseo angusto persistente. Colore opaco atroviridi, textura herbacea. LuzoN, Provinee of Benguet, Mount Santo Tomas (6538 Elmer) June, 1904: Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1858 Copeland) October, 1905. Loher has found the same species previously on Mount Mariveles, Province of Bataan, LUuZOoN, September, 1893, but his specimens are larger, 55 cm. tall. Very nearly the same species is found in Celebes (1322 jSarasin) November, 1895, but in Sarasim's plant the segments are longer and the rachis is also proliferous. A small species resembling Aspleniwm cuneatum Lam., and A. praemorsum Sw., which are frequently found in herbaria under the name A. laserpitiifolium, and sometimes under the name A. contiguum. A good species characterized by its stipe and rachis being covered with scales. I no longer maintain as a Philippine species Asplenium mitidum, that I previ- ously credited to LuzoN5 I have not seen from the Archipelago the large plant with long pinnules which are auricled and deeply incised such as is represented in Malacca, by specimens leg. AKidley and in Borneo, leg. Niewenhwis, ete. 36. Asplenium praemorsum Sw. Prodr. 130. LuzoNw, Province of Benguet, Pauai (Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2,200 m. A small form with narrowly euneiform segments previously found in Luzon by Loher. 37. Asplenium truncatilobum (Presl) Tarachia trunctailoba Presl Epim. (1849) 437. Asplenium arayatense Christ Mss. Luzow, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (3816, 3909 Merrill) May, October, 1904: Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) 1906: Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo (ZLoher) February, 1906: Provinee of DBenguet. Adouay (1857e Copeland) October, 1905. * Bull. Herb. Boiss. (1898), 6, 153. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 165 The specimens have been referred by the collectors with doubt, sometimes to Asplenium hirtum Kaulf., sometimes to A. caudatum Forst. 'They have more the appearance of A. horridum Kaulf., but differ from the latter in being smaller, with shorter pinnze, the lobes less numerous, truneate at the apices, and the stipe partieularly villous. 1 believe that the specimens cited above are identical with the species clearly described by Presl. 38. Asplenium horridum Kaulf. Enum. 173. MrNpANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (319 DeVore et Hoover) 1903. Very typieal and agreeing with specimens from the Sunda Islands and Polynesia. 39. Asplenium militare Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 254. MiNDANAO, Distriet of Davao, Mount Apo (321 DeVore et Hoover) May, 1903; (1505 Copeland), 1,800 m. alt., à specimen with more deeply lobed pinns. A species remarkable for its resemblance to Aspleniwm serra Langsd. et Fisch., of tropieal America, very large with broad lanceolate pinnsz which are lobed and finely dentieulate, the sori short and close to the costa. | 40. Asplenium cuneatum Lam. Encycl. 2: 309. j This group, diffieult everywhere, is partieularly polymorphous in the Philip- pines. A form that can be admitted to the Philippine flora, without doubt, is the following: Var. tripinnatum Fourn. Fil. Nov. Caledon. 307. 'Tripinnatifidum, segmentis brevibus ovato-cuneatis. MiNDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (318 DeVore et Hoover) May, 1903: Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1728 Copeland) April, 1904, alt. 600 m. LuzoN, Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) March, 1906. 4l]. Asplenium laserpitiifolium Lam. Encycl. 2: 310. This species in the young state is perhaps sometimes confused with the preceding, but Pournier l. c., indicates a good distinctive character. In 4A. cuneatum the sori are narrow, flabellate and reach to the border of the pinn:, while in A. laserpitiifolium they are convex and are confined to the middle of the pinnae. LuzoN, Provinee of Benguet, Baguio (6029 Elmer): Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (176 Whitford) May, 1904. Var. subvenustum n. var. This is a reduced form 30 to 45 em. high with very much divided fronds and slender stipes, the pinnules 5 mm. long, sometimes longer, triangular, flabellate, the sori small, short, two or three on a pinnule, resembling Adiantum venustum Don. The specimens are not young plants, but appear to be full grown and constant in the above characters. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1097 Ramos) July, 1906; (80 PFoaworthy) January, 1906: Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuifiez (1037 Mangubat) August, 1906. 49. Asplenium affine Sw.; Schrad. Journ. 1800? (1801) 56. After comparison with specimens from Bourbon and Africa, I admit to the Philippine flora as this species, a specimen with bipinnate fronds, the pinnules elongate-rhomboidal, 2 cem. long, unequal, irregularly dentate, slightly ineised, the sori numerous, straight, narrow, elongated, and parallel. In texture this species is firmer than the preceding one. MiNpANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (1502 Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 725 m. 166 CHRIST. 43. Asplenium insititium Brack. U. S. Explor. Exped. 161. pl. 22. f. 2. LuzoN, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6012 Elmer) March, 1904. [ have identified this plant after comparison with specimens from the Sand- wich Islands, leg. Hillebrand and. Baldwin, and from New Caledonia leg. Franc. It is the form that Copeland in his Polypodiacea: of the Philippines, 84, supposes to be the variety bipinnatifidum of A. contiguum Kaulf., but it belongs evidently in the section with A. cuneatwum. STENOCHLAENA /J. Sm. The species of this genus often can not be determined with certainty without utilizing the charaeters shown by the secondary leaves. Unfortunately these secondary leaves are as yet imperfectly known in many species, for frequently when adult and soriferous leaves are found, the secondary leaves are not to be found, and without the three forms and without the certainty of their having come from the same plant it is often difficult if not impossible to identify these forms of Stenochlaena with trimorphous leaves. Underwood" separates the species of Stenochlaena of the Old World, whieh have the veins springing directly from the midrib, into two groups: l, Terat- ophyllum. with trimorphous leaves and with spiny naked rhizomes, and 2, Lomariopsis with rhizomes covered with scales but spineless. However, our knowledge of the last group is not sufficiently complete to determine whether or not the secondary leaves are present or lacking, but Il am of.the opinion that they are present, at least in some species. From the Philippines I am able to record the following species: 44. Stenochlaena aculeata (Blume) Kunze Bot. Zeit. 6: 142. Lomaria aculeata Blume Enum. Pl. Jav. 205. Luzow, Province of Rizal (Loher) March, 1906; (2695 Aherm's collector). conf. Verhandl. Schweiz. Nat. Forsch. Gesellsch. (1906) Tab. 8; Province of Benguet (6264 Elmer); northern Luzon (Warburg). MiNDANAO, Mount Batangan (Warburg). 'The secondary leaves of this plant agree very well with those figured by Hooker Sp. Fil. 1: 56. B, for Davallia achilleaefolia Wall, which is cited by Underwood as a synonym of S. aculeata. I do not hesitate to identify with this species the form described by Copeland as Aspleniwm epiphyticum (Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 184), and Dr. Copeland himself admits in his Comparative Ecology of San Ramon Polypodiace:,"^ that this plant is *apparently identical with occasional immature forms of S. aculeata." This form constitutes simply, as I have demon- strated in Verhand. Schweiz. Nat. Forsch. Ges. (1906) Tab. 5, the metamorphosis of the secondary leaves to the adult ones, combined with asplenioid sori which appear on the metamorphosed leaves as. a reminder of the origin of the genus, which is from the vicinity of Aspleniwm. have a specimen from Dr. Copeland which has beside scolopendriform leaves, a portion of the rhizome with spines and with tripinnate leaves similar to those figured by Hooker for JDavallia achilleaefolia. Copeland found his Asplenium epiphyticum without the adult form of Steno- chlaena, which shows that the species of Stenochlaena are not always normally developed, but remain sometimes in a stunted condition. An analagous case is found in the Philippines in Leptochilus heteroclitus. ? Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 33 (1906) 35. "This Journal, Bot. 2 (1907) 69. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 167 MiNDANAO, Surigao (260 Bolster) ; Davao (699 Copeland) ; San Ramon (1572 Copeland ) . The same plant with simple leaves but with their bases cut into irregular pinnate segments has been called by Bory, Scolopendrium Durvillei (Kunze Schkuhr Suppl. Tab. 5.). MiNDANAO, Mount Batangan (14111 Warburg). 45. Stenochlaena Williamsii Underw. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 33 (1906) 41. LUuzoN, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (368 Barnes), det. Copeland. The specimens agree well with the description of the species. "The secondary leaves, which I presume belong with the specimens cited, but without being able to determine this point with certainty, differ from those of the preceding species in their linear, more elongated segments and with a tendency of the frond to become gradually larger and to present auricles at the anterior base of the pinnules, a point of union with Asplenium of the cuneatum group, conf. Verhandl. Schweiz. Nat. Forsch. Gesell. (1906) Tab. 6. 'The secondary leaves mentioned above are those of specimens from Mindanao (Warburg), Luzon (Warburg) and North Celebes, Bojong (15321 Warburg). 46. Stenochlaena arthropteroides Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 6 (1906) 998. Lvuzow, Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) January, 1906, a very similar form, but slightly larger from the Lamao River, Province of Bataan (85 Barnes). This species is distinguished by its very unequal and crenulate pinnz, one specimen with secondary leaves bearing also some adult leaves, which, although small, are strongly crenulate. 'The secondary leaves are rather large, 10 em. long, 4 cm. wide, nearly sessile, tripinnatifid, the rachis reddish, flexuous, the pinn: ovate, obtuse, 2 em. long, 1 em. wide; the pinnules serrate, eut into linear segments which are obtuse, often bi- or tri-furcate, 2 mm. long, 0.5 to 1 mm. wide, the color very dark green. ; 47. Stenochlaena subtrifoliata Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 152. MiNDANAO, District of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1749 Copeland), alt. 750 m. Judging from the above authentie specimen this is a very distinct species, characterized by the cartilaginous borders of the adult pinn:. 48. Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.) Bedd. Polypodium palustre Burm. Fl. Ind. (1768) 234. MiNDANAO, Davao (532 Copeland). The typical form, identical with specimens in t herbarium from Java, Ceylon, Himalaya and Samoa. 49. Stenochlaena sp. This is the plant described by me in Bull. Herb. Boiss. IL 6 (1906) 997, and which approaches S. Milnei Underw. ex descr. but which it is impossible for me to identify specifically because fertile fronds are lacking. DAVALLIA Sm. 50. Davallia decurrens Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 167. t. 94 B. This species, found by Cuming, is cited by Copeland in his Polypodiacez of the Philippines 54, without exact locality. It appears to be rare. I have speeimens from Montalban, Province of Rizal, Luzow, colleeted by Loher in Mareh, 1906, that agree exactly with Hooker's figure, except that Loher's specimens are smaller, and have bi- to tri-pinnatifid fronds instead of tri- to quadri-pinnatifid ones. 168 CHRIST. 51. Davallia vestita Blume Enum. (1828) 233. LuzoN, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (53878 Merrill) May, 1904: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (Loher) February, 1906. NEGROS, Mount Silay (1516 WAitford) May, 1906. "This species does not seem to be rare in the Philippines. "The specimens are less sealy than those of Java and Celebes. 52. Davallia pusilla Mett. Ann. Sec. Nat. IV. 15 (1861) 79. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1665 Copeland) 1905. Copeland has identified this number as Hamata parvula J. Sm., but my specimen agrees exactly with specimens of Davallia pusilla from New Caledonia leg. Franc. MICROLEPIA Presl. 53. Microlepia Sablanensis n. sp. 'Tripinnata, ampla, rhachi opaca fulvostraminea, brevissime et molliter puberula, pinnis 35 cm. et ultra longis, 9 cm. latis, elongato-caudatis, breviter petiolatis basi vix abbreviatis, pinnulis pectinato-confertis nume- rosis (40 et ultra utrinque) recte patentibus, fere sessilibus, acuminatis, basi inaequali, segmento infimo anteriore aucto, libero, ad rhachim ad- presso, ad rhachim incisis, segmentis ca. 20 utrinque confertis angulo angusto separatis oblongis, obtusis, 0.5 cm. longis, 2.5 mm. latis, inae- qualibus, postice subintegris cuneatis, antice truncatis, crenatis, lobulis plerumque 3 minutis, nervis manifestis, in lobulis bi- aut tri-furcatis, soris minutis, 2 aut 3 plerumque antice in sinubus lobulorum positis, globosis, indusio inconspicuo semicupuliformi tenuissimo. Textura her- bacea, costis nervisque subtus pilosis, facie superiore laevi, sed opaca, colore obscure viridi. LuzoNw, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6231 Elmer) April, 1904. Differing from Microlepia speluncae (L.) Moore in its larger fronds, finer pubescence, the pinnules more numerous, the segments smaller, less unequal and the dentieulations finer. DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh. 54. Dennstaedtia Smithii (Hook.) Moore Index. 308. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (1133 Whitford) March, 1904: Province of Rizal (91 Fozworthy) January, 1906. The specimens cited above agree exactly with the figure given by Hooker,? but a species very close to this, recently described by Copeland, seems to be more common and widely distributed. It is larger, more pubescent, and with the basal pinnule of the III order anteriorly very much augmented. 1t is: 55. Dennstaedtia Williamsi Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 148, of which I had prepared the following diagnosis before learning that Copeland had already described the species. Amplissima, quadripinnatifida, stipite 2 m. alto, 2.5 cm. diametro, tereti, rufo-testaceo, dense cum rhachi pilis strigosis patentibus 2.5 mm. longis fulvis tomentoso postea glabrata, frondibus 2 m. altis, fasciculatis " This Journal 1 (1906) Suppl. 147. ? Sp. Fil 1: t. 98 D. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 169 (Copeland) pinnis petiolatis, 90 em. longis, 30 cm. latis oblongis acumi- natis basi haud attenuatis. Pinnulis cea. 35 utrinque, infimis remotis, reliquis approximatis, petiolulatis, infimis 16 cm: longis, basi 6 cm. latis, acuminatis, oblongis, antice basi valde auctis, i. e., pinnulall! 5 em. longa lanceolata, rhachi adpressa et pinnularum!! proximam. at- tingente et superante, basi pinnulaeM posteriore cuneata, pinnulisl! valde abbreviatis praedita. Pinnulis!!! imbricato-confertis ca. 25 utrin- que, lanceolato-obtusiusculis, basi inaequali antice aucta, brevissime petiolatis, 2 em. longis, 0.5 cm. latis, usque ad costulam alatam incisis, Erocoue ultimis oblongis obtusis inaequalibus antice crenatis 0.5 cm. longis, 2.5 mm. latis, costis nervisque adpresse rufo-pubescentibus, nervis in segmentis EGENT furcatis manifestis, soris in sinu dentium positis, uno rarius pluribus pro segmento, marginalibus, 1 mm. diametro, globosus, brunneis, indusio superiore (marginali) manifesto deflexo, inferiore sporangiis conferto. "lextura coriacea rigida, colore griseo-virente, opaco. MiwNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1632 Copeland) February, 1905: District of Davao, Mount Batangan (14134 Warburg): Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (375 Mrs. Clemens) Mareh, 1906. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Mount Batay (Loher) April, 1905; Arambibi River (Loher) March. 56. Dennstaedtia Hooveri n. sp. Amplissima, rhizomate repente, fronde 2 m. alta, subdeltoidea, quad- ripinnatifida, stipite 1.5 ad 2 m. (Copeland) rhachi digiti crassitie, cum costis costulisque pubescentia brevi strigosa rufa tecta, pinnis 60 em. longis, 18 cm. latis breviter petiolatis basi vix attenuatis, acuminatis, pinnulis alternis approximatis petiolulatis, ca. 35 utrinque, e basi lata et antice aucta oblongis acutis, 9 cm. longis basi 3 cm. latis, costa haud alata, pinnulisH! ea. 18 utrinque, fere imbricato-confertis, ovato-obtusis inaequalibus, basi posteriori cuneatis, antice truncatoauctis 1 em. longis, 0.5 em. latis usque ad rhachin incisis, segmentis!V 3 aut 4 utrinque, cuneato-oblongis obtusis, 3 mm. longis 2.5 mm. latis crenato-lobatis, iis pinnarum sterilium elongatis dentibus acutiusculis, nervis in segmentis pinnatis et furcatis, faciebus utrinque pilosis, pilis albidis tortuosis, soris 1 mm. latis rotundatis, uno rarius pluribus pro segmento, in dente obtuso brevi basilari posito, indusio tenuissimo mox evanido infero semi- cupuliformi membranaceo-griseo. "T'extura tenuiter herbacea, colore obsceuro-viridi. MixDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (DeVore & Hoover) May, 1903: Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland) May, 1905, alt. 850 m. A species related to D. flaccida (Forst.) Bernh., of Samoa, characterized by its long and rather frequent villous hairs, the pinnules of the third order broad, irregularly parted and serrate-imbricate, and a rather pronounced dimorphism between the fertile and sterile fronds. "Texture thin. Rachis and costz covered with a reddish pubescenee. It is distinguished from D. flaccida by its lobes and pinnules being narrower and in its shorter pubescence, otherwise very similar to that species. 54744— —2 1'70 CHRIST. HEMIGRAMMA nov. gen. Foliis rosulatis simplicibus aut irregulariter pinnatipartitis, dimorphis, soriferis contractis, nervatione sagenioldea, 1. e., pinnata, inter nervos laterales multifarie areolata, nervulis liberis inclusis, soris lineatis ramosis nervos anastomosantes sequentibus, ipsisque irregulariter anastomosan- tibus et reticulatis. 51. Hemigramma Zollingeri (S. Kurz) Hemionitis Zollingeri S. Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 39:* 90. t. 5. I believe that some of the specimens on which Dr. Copeland based his new species, Hemionitis gymnopteroidea ? should be referred to Hemigramma. Zolling- eri. Copeland states that his species can be distinguished from H. Zollingeri by the eopious free veinlets in the sterile frond. In my specimens of the species from Batavia, Java, ex Herb. Hort. Bot. Bogor., and from Celebes, leg. Sarasin, the veinlets are also very numerous, even as Kurz himself shows in the figure cited above; moreover the constantly contracted fertile fronds of Hemionitis gymnopter- oidea are not a peculiarity of that species, as in my specimens from Montalban, leg. Loher, they are 1 em. wide and present the oblique lozenge-shaped soriferous bodies as do the specimens from Java. Var. major (Copel) Hemionitis gymnopteroidea forma major Copel. l. c. Rhizomate crasso obliquo rudimentis stipitum tecto, foliis fasciculatis paucis (3 ad 4) stipitibus, basi incrassatis usque ad 16 cm. longis basi squamis subulato-setiformibus patentibus nigris usque ad 1 em. longis dense barbato, caeterum parcius sparso, lamina sterii 20 ad 25 cm. longa saepe basi aequilata, interdum simplice ovato-acuminata medio 7 em. lata repanda aut obtuse lobata, saepius profunde pinnatifida aut basi pinnata, valde irregulariter lobata, apice aucto et elongato usque ad 8 cm. lata, pinnis usque ad 5 utrinque, ovatis repandis acutis aut obtusis, pinnis basalibus saepe postice cordatis, omnibus ala plus minus lata junctis, fronde saepe decurrente, lamina fertili valde contracta, 8 em. longa, 4 cm. lata, 2 pinnis utrinque 5 cm. longis 3 mm. latis et apice irregulariter lobato, nervis lateralibus 12 ad 15 utrinque pro pinna, patentibus, rectiusculis, manifestis, fere ad marginem protensis, ca. 5 areolas rectangulas includentibus, quae nervulorum reti nec non nervulis crebris liberis furcatis repletae sunt, pinnis soriferis irregularibus, spo- rangiorum mnervulos sequentibus fulvis tectis. "lextura herbacea mem- branacea, fere diaphana, colore laete virente, opaca. . LUzow, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (2124 Borden) December, 1904: Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) September, 1891. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1780 Copeland) May, 1905. It does not form a nearly sessile rosette like the species, but the leaves are fascicled and stipitate and the sterile fronds, like the fertile ones, are pinnatifid and even pinnate. "The size is much larger. This form imitates strangely Leptochilus latifolius (Meyen) (Gymnopteris taccaefolia JJ. Sm.) in the protean variation of the fronds and in its habit. Normally to rate the large plant as a variety would not be comprehensible, from ? Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 183. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. IT the study of dried plants alone, without the evidence given by Copeland, and the absolute identity of the venation, tissue and its general structure. It is a striking example of the strange and luxuriant forms found in the Philippines. Leptochilus latifolius is distinguishable from our plant by its firm texture, not diaphanous, its color, black when dry, its proliferous fronds and its areolz supplied with a network of very irregular nerves. Diels procedure in placing Hemionitis Zollingeri in Syngramie is to me an unnatural arrangment. "The ancestry of the plant is rather in the Aspidieae, analagous to Stenosemia, and accordingly the above new generic name is proposed for it. CONIOGRAMME Fée. 58. Coniogramme fraxinea (Don.) Diels in Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1* (1899) 262. Diplazcium fracineum Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 12. This genus is in need of revision and contains a plurality of forms which doubtless can be studied with better results in the field than in the herbarium. In addition to the ordinary form with bi- to tri-pinate fronds which are membra- nous and serrate, Copeland * indicates, without name, another one that usually has entire and simply pinnate fronds. This latter form is very close to one found in China that I have described as the variety spinulosa?* but the Philippine form is larger and with nearly entire margins, and I call it: Var. Copelandi n. var. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1746 Copeland) April, 1905. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Mabacal (Loher) March, 1906. "The same plant, but dentieulate, has been found in Benguet Province, Baguio (6032 Elmer) March, 1904. LINDSAYA Dry. 59. Lindsaya falcata Dry. Trans. Linn. Soc. 3 (1797) 41. t. 7. f. 2. Negros, Gimagaan River (66 Copeland) January, 1904; (1568 Whitford) May, 1906. The above specimens agree exactly with material from tropical America. It is rather remarkable that this species, like Lindsaya lancea (Linn.) Bedd., should be found in tropical America and again in the orient. PTERIS Linn. 60. Pteris quadriaurita Retz. Obs. 6: 38. Stipite cum rhachi plerumque glabro, stramineo, segmentis oblongis, basi conjunctis, nervis liberis, subtus manifestis, textura herbacea, colore laete virente. Luzow, Province of Rizal (111 Foaworthy) January, 1906; Mabaeal (Loher) March, 1906: Provinee of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo (Loher) February, 1906: Provinee of Bataan, Lamao River (239, 240 Copeland) February, 1904: Province of Union, Bauang (5619 Elmer) February, 1904. The above specimens represent the typical form of this polymorphous species, being membranous in texture, the nerves manifest on the lower surface and not united, the segments oblong united at the base, the stipe and rachis generally smooth. The numerous derived forms of this group which are found in the Philippines ean be grouped as follows: ^ (opt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 67. 55 Bull, Soc. Bot. France (1905) 52,55. 172 CHRIST. 61. Pteris biaurita Linn. 5p. Pl. (1753) 10760. LuZzON, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Loher):; Buguias (1895 Copeland ) October, 1905; Manila (Usteri) December, 1902. PALAWAN, (594 FPomrworthy) April, 1906. A subspecies resembling the typical form, but the nerves forming a costal areola which is sometimes narrow and difficult to find, sometimes rather large and distinet. 62. Pteris Blumeana Agardh Pterid. 22. Stipite rhachique, saepe etiam costis, rufostramineis, castaneis aut atratis verrucis minutis asperis, segmentis linearibus basi plus minus liberis, numerosis, pectinato-confertis, nervis liberis subtus tenuibus minus manifestis, textura coriacea rigida, colore obscure viridi saepe glaucino. MrNDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (255 Mrs. Clemens) February, 1906: Distriet of Davao, Mount Dagatpan (Warburg); Santa Cruz (254 DeVore «€ Hoover) April, 1903: Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1596, 1599 Copeland) January, 1905. LuzoNw, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6213 Elmer) April, 1904. A subspecies with coriaceous texture, linear segments slightly or not at all united at the base, free veins which are very slender and scarcely visible above, its color dark and often somewhat glaucous, the stipe and rachis dark, reddish or blaekish and somewhat verrucose. 1t is a Malayan form that I have also from Java, Tjibodas, leg. aciborski, 1897; Perak, leg. Jtidley No. 9543; Khasia, leg. Austen, det. Clarke *Var. Khasiana," and Yabim, near Limbang, German New Guinea, leg. H. Zahn, 1905. I believe it to be identieal with Pteris Blwmeana Agardh, as described by Hooker '* and by Raciborski."* Var. asperula J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 405, et Hook. Sp. Fil. 3: 181, t. 135 A ; var. setigera Hook. 1. c. Costis setulis albis 1.5 mm. longis superne regulariter ciliatis. BDAsrLAN (93 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903. MrNDANAO, Province of Zam- boanga, San Ramon (1651 Copeland) February, 1905. 03. Pteris Whitfordi n. subsp. (P. Whitfordi Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 255, pro specie). A typo differt colore atroviridi, textura coriacea, segmentis angulo acuto erecto-patentibus usque ad costam separatis, sinu fere nullo, stipite valido, paleis brunneis 0.5 cem. longis:lanceolatis basi vestito, planta magna 60 ad 70 cm. alta, nervis manifestis. NEGROS, Gimagan River (1660 Whitford). 64. Pteris parviloba subsp.; Christ in Bull. Sci. Fr. et Belg. 28 (1898) 2064. t. 12. Statura gracili, stipite tenui, rufostramineo, scaberulo, fronde late deltoideo, pinnis infimis auctis et valde deflexis, segmentis. confertis lineari-oblongis, brevibus, basi plerumque liberis, nervis tenuibus subtus !* Sp. Fil. 3: 180. " Pterid. Buitenzorg 156. SPICILIGIUM ;FILICUM. PHILIPPINENSIUM. 178 manifestis, textura papyracea rigidiuscula, colore dilute ochraceo-viridi, soris et indusiis saepius angustissimis, facie superiore saepius setis rigidis scabra. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (241 Copeland) February, 1904; Provinee of Benguet, Baguio (5816 Elmer) March, 1904; Ambuklao (1827 Copeland) October, 1905: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (3814 Merrill) May, 1904; Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) October, 1890, November, 1905; Angilog (Loher) March, 1906. Parawaw (741, 662 Fozworthy) March, April, 1906. A slender small form, the fronds rather short and broadly deltoid, the stipes rough, slender, tawny, the segments pectinate, free at the base, papyraceous, yellowish in color, the sori and indusia generally very slender. "This form is often found strongly reduced in size, resembling Píeris Grevilleana, I have the same form from Sikkim "Pteris aspericaulis Wall." leg. Dr. Jerdon, and from Cao Bang, Tonkin, leg. Dr. Billet, 1906. Var. pluricaudata (Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 156, pro specie). Fronde minuta 10 cm. longa et lata pedata pentagona, segmentis imbricatis vix 1 em. longis. --- Luzow, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3755 Merrill) January, 1904. 65. Pteris ensiformis Burm. Fl. Ind. 230, var. permixta n. var. An insular form, characterized by the apex of the fertile frond being elongated into a linear caudiform appendage much exceeding the plant, furnished with irregular short obtuse horizontal lobes as in P. heteromorpha. PaAwAY, Capiz (56 Copeland) January, 1904. 66. Pteris cretica Linn. var. stenophylla Hook. et Grev. Ie. Fil. (1829) t. 130. P. digitata Wall. Cat. 91. LvuzowN, Province of Rizal (53 Foazworthy) January, 1906; District of Bontoce, Sagada (1903 Copeland) November, 1905, identical with specimens from India, Gharwal, Bhatta Massuri, leg. Hope; Sikkim, Tendong, leg. Gamble, No. 10340. Pteris cretica is exceedingly variable in the Philippines, I have not seen from the Archipelago forms resembling those of Europe, but the above specimens match closely P. stenophylla, with 3 to several pinnze at the summit of the irond, more or less fan-like, the tips elongated. Texture normal, firm, shining, light green. 67. Pteris intromissa n. subsp. Differt a typo P. creticae pinnis et segmentis angustioribus magis decurrentibus, obscure aut plumbeo-viridibus fere glaucinis, opacis, tex- tura tenuiter papyracea soro angustissimo, nervis tenuissimis suboccultis. Rhizomate brevi, radicoso, stipitibus fasciculatis, tenuibus rufo- aut fusco-stramineis opacis, fronde 30 cm. longa et lata, apice ternata, infra pinnata, pinnis oppositis, mediis simplicibus infimis profunde bi- aut tri-partitis, decurrentibus lineari-lanceolatis aut linearibus caudatis, 20 cm. longis, sterilibus 12 mm. fertilibus 6 mm. latis, sterilibus a basi ad apicem, fertilibus apice acute serratis, nervis tenuissimis parum manifestis, simplicibus aut furcatis, obliquis soro indusioque angustissimo 174 CHRIST. 0.7 mm. lato. "'lextura tenuiter papyracea, colore opaco obscure viridi subglauco. MINDANAO, District of Davao (700 Copeland) March, 1904. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6160 Elmer) April, 1904: Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) 1896; Province of Bataan, Lamao River (3122 Merrill) October, 1903. The same species is found in China, Swatow, leg. Henry. VITTARIA 58m. 68. Vittaria Merrillii n. sp. Rhizomate pennae corvinae crassitie, horizontaliter et longe repente vix ramoso non caespitoso, setis tenuissimis 0.6 cm. longis erectis atrofuscus tecto, stipitibus remotis basi articulatis et setulosis, tenuibus, 1 mm. diametro pendentibus, flexuosis, 20 cm. longis, et tandem in laminam decurrentem sensim transeuntibus, fuscostraminels, lamina 60 em. et ultra longa, 1 em. usque ad 1.8 em. lata lineari, acuminata sed saepe dilatata et irregulariter bi- ad quadrifida, lobis falcatis acutis 1.5 em. longis, costa tenui saepe inconspicua, nervis valde elongato- obliquis tenuibus, seriebus 4 ad 5 utrinque, soro angustissimo, stricte marginali, indusio 0.7 mm. lato pallido tecto. "lextura flaccida, colore dilute virente, opaco. MiNDANAO, Distriet of Davao, Mount Apo (1516, 1192 Copeland) October, April, 1904, 1,200 to 1,550 m. alt; Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (104 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906, alt. 660 m. MiwponRo, DBaco River (4044 JMerrill) March, 1905, near sea level. A species related to Vittaria elongata Sw., but with very slender and elongated stipes, the fronds very broad with a tendency to become enlarged and eleft at the apex, the rhizome elongated and running like that of Polypodiwm. "The forking of the fronds reminds one of Hecistopteris, and of its affinity with Vittaria which Goebel, based on anatomical characters, has asserted. 69. Vittaria pachystemma n. sp. Rhizomate repente more Polypodii, pennae anserinae crassitie, setulis crispatis raris nigris coronato, aliter nudo, stipitibus non fasciculatis sed approximatis basi articulatis eum costa rufostraminels, 6 em. longis, 2 mm. et ultra latis, sensim in laminam transeuntibus, lamina 25 ad 30 cm. longa falcata lineari-lanceolata acuta nec longe acuminata 12 mm. lata, costa plana sed manifesta 1 mm. lata rufostraminea, soris angus- tissimis a basi laminae ad apicem continuis, submarginalibus, indusio vix 0.5 mm. lato pallido. "lextura succulenta sicce coriacea, opaca, colore lurido-glaucina, planta nuda. MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1589 Copeland) January, 1905, alt. 500 m. A species with succulent coriaceous opaque pointed falciform leaves and thiek stipes. 10. Vittaria Philippinensis Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. IT. 6 (1906) 1007. I have a specimen, quite identical with this species, from the Liu Kiu Islands, Okinawa, Matswumwura. 213. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 175 il. Vittaria subcoriacea n. sp. Rhizomate uti videtur breviter repente, squamis tenuissimis setaceis nigrofuscis 0.5 em. longis cum foliorum basi dense vestito, foliis fascicu- latis (ca. 8) breviter stipitatis, i. e., lamina in stipitem 3 ad. 5 em. longam sensim decrescente, costa stipitis valida, lucida, castanea, sed in lamina sensim applanata minusque manifesta, fronde 55 cm. longa lineari 8 mm. lata acutiuscula, margine late (2 mm.) reflexo adpresso, in angulo sorum 1 mm. latium omnio tegente, soro margineque infra medium folium incipiente et ad apicem continuo, nervis facie superiore prominentibus fere longis simplicibus valde obliquis. 'lextura suberosa, folio sicco 1 mm. crasso, fragillimo, colore ad basin plantae atrocastaneo, supra ochraceo-viridi, facie minute rugulosa puberula. PALAWAN, Victoria Peak (669 Poaworthy) March, 1906, alt. 1,100 m. Charaeterized by being brittle suceulent, thick, the costa very strong, shining below, flattened and not prominent above, the naked margins broadly reflexed, under which the soriferous line is completely hidden, nerves simple, long, very oblique. PLEUROGRAMME (Bl.) Presl. 12. Pleurogramme Loheriana Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 6 (1906) 1006. LuzoN, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (1388 Copeland) August, 1904; (127 Whitford) May, 1904; District of Lepanto, Mount Data (1883 Copeland) November, 1905, a form with bifurcate pinnz. MiNDANAO, Province of Zam- boanga, San Ramon (1763 Copeland) May, 1905; Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang (4619 Mearns & Hutchinson) May, 1906. It is related to P. pusilla (Blume), (WVittaria falcata Kze.) differing from that species in having the soriferous line sunk in an exactly marginal groove, that is to say, placed in the thick tissue of the leaf, so that it presents a border of sporangia emerging from the groove, while in P. pusilla the sori are arranged in an intramarginal groove that does not reach to the border of the frond. ANTROPHYUM KkKaulfuss. 13. Antrophyum Clementis n. sp. Folio elongato-lanceolato caudato in apicem et in stipitem alatum sensim excurrente, cum stipite 30 cm. longa, medio latissima ibique 22 mm. lata, costa flava vix 8 em. longa mox omnino desineute, areolis fere 2.5 cm. longis 2 mm. latis fere 12 in folii diametro, verticalibus, soris filiformibus atrobrunneis submarginalibus (seriebus fere tribus utrinque) folio medio soris destituto, longitudine valde irregulari, ab 0.5 em. ad 7 em. longis, verticalibus, haud conjunctis, ? mm. distantibus non convexis sed sulco minimo faciei superioris respondentibus. lextura subdiaphama herbacea, colore smaragdino, folio margine tenuissimo hyalino cireumdato. MixDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (119 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906, alt. 660 m. Charaeterized by its frond when dry being light green, the stipe with deeurrent margins, the costa eeasing at the base of the frond, the apex sharp and elongated, the tissue diphanous, the sori vertical and not joined. " 176 CHRIST. ELAPHOGLOSSUM Schott. 14. Elaphoglossum Copelandi n. sp. Rhizomate repente lignoso, fere digiti minoris crassitie, nigro, setulis subulatis atrobrunneis parce vestito, stipitibus subarticulatis, approximatis nec fascieulatis basi atrofuscis squamis lanceolatis parvis brunneis sparsis, 25 cm. longis, rufostramineis, sulcatis, pennae corvinae crassitie, squamulis atratis fimbriato-laceratis vestitis, fronde sterili lanceolato-elongata usque ad 49 em. longa, 2.5 cm. lata versus basin apicemque acutum attenuata nec decurrente, costa manifesta prominente rufa, nervis occultis hori- zontalibus 1 mm. distantibus ad marginem sensim protensis nec clavatis simplicibus aut basi furcatis. "Textura chartacea firma, colore obscure brunneo, subnitente, facie superiore squamis sparsis notata, inferiore densius squamis vestita, margine costaque squamis majoribus valde fim- briatis cinnamomeis passim ciliata, squamis peltatis longe ciliato-fimbria- tis ciliis numerosis (20 ad 30) squamis partim minoribus hyalinis nec coloratis partim majoribus cinnamomeis, i. e. cellulis nucleis rufo-fulvis impletis. Frondis fertilis stipite usque ad 40 cm. longa, lamina 35 cm. longa, 1 em. lata lineari, latere superiore densissime squamoso, inferiore omnino sporangiis brunneis impleto. MriNDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (1014, 1541 Copeland) April, October, 1904, alt. 1,800 m. A large species related to Elaphoglossum petiolatum (Sw.). Scales large, peltate, deeply ciliate, some of them colorless, other larger and with dark brown centers. 15. Elaphoglossum petiolatum (Sw.) Urban Symb. Ant. 4 (1903) 61. Acrostichwm petiolatum Sw. Prodr. (1788) 128; A. viscosum Sw. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6509 Elmer) June, 1904; (51295 Curran) August, 1906; Daklan (1838 Copeland) October, 1905. A form with lacerate and fringed, reddish, very abundant scales, the fertile fronds 30 em. long, the sterile ones 1.5 cm. wide. Previously collected in the Philippines by Cwming, but not included by Cope- land. in his Polypodiacex of the Philippines.'* 76. Elaphoglossum laurifolium (Thouars) Moore Ind. 16. Acrostichum laurifolium 'Thouars Fl. Trist. d'Acunha 31. Lvuzow, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1866 Copeland) October, 1905. Differs from E. latifolium of tropical America by its long ecreeping rhizome, its distant long stipitate and sharply pointed leaves and its smaller size. Ceylon through Malaya. CYCLOPHORUS Desv. 171. Cyclophorus Lingua (TThunb.) Desv. Prodr. (1827) 224. Acrostichum Lingua 'Thunb. Fl. Jap. 330. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (1816 Copeland) October, 1905. MrNDaA- NAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (118 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906; District of Davao, Todaya (1303 Copeland) April, 1904. "5 (ovt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905). SPICILIGIUM FILICUM. PHILIPPINENSIUM. l1 Te qmm [Ld This plant of temperate and southern China and of Japan, Liu Kiu Islands fere fied fe and Formosa, has been indicated by some authors as extending to British India, but the very rich material in my herbarium, following Giesenhagenms revision, 61e does not show this range. The most southern specimens I have seen are from 777, A LR s den Annam, leg. Cadiére, and Tonkin, leg. Billet. 'The species appears again in the Philippines with many other characteristie Chinese forms.) That even the rare Á species of the Philippine flora are found to be widely distributed in the different fibt islands of the Archipelago, as is the case with the present one, is some AIME £ 2 as to the unity of the group. 4a — e i; 2 POLYPODIUM Linn. 18. Polypodium phyllomanes Christ in Bull. Acad. Mans. (1902) 210, var. ovatum (Wall.) P. ovatum Wall; Hook. et Grev. Icon. Fil. (1827) f. 41. Luzow, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1908 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 1,800, m. "This essentially Chinese type, widely distributed in China and extending into British India only in the high valleys of Bhootan, Khasia and Sikkim, appears again in the mountains of northern Luzon with many other characteristie Chinese plants. "The specimens agree perfectly with the slightly elongated form of China. 19. Polypodium hemionitideum Wall. Cat. (1828) 284. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (967 Barnes) May to June, 1904, found previously in Luzon by Warburg. A continental type, China, Yunnan, leg. Henry; Formosa, leg. Faurie, Mat- sumura; India, Khasia, leg. Austin, Clarke, Blanford ; Sikkim, leg. Jerdon; also reported from the Nilgherries, southern inibi! 80. Polypodium suboppositum Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 6 (1906) 995. Luzow, District of Lepanto, Bagnen (1964 Copeland) November, 1905, the type from Mount Pinatubo, Province of Zambales, Luzon ( Loher). 81. Polypodium Sablanianum n. sp. l have previously treated the polymorphism of the JMicrosorium type of which the best known representative is P. punctatum (L.) Sw. "The present new Torm, from its venation is almost exactly intermediate between P. punctatum Sw., and P. myriocarpum Mett. In the former, the lateral nerves are very regular, oblique, reaching the margin and inclosing 4 or 5 areolze, which are elongated, rectangular, between the rachis and the margins; these areole are about equal, and the network of nerves is weak, inclosed in and more or less hidden by the fleshy tissue. In P. myriocarpum on the contrary, the lateral nerves do not reach the margin of the frond, and inclose only one large areola along the rachis and another narrower one between it and the margin, and the veins are strong and rather prominent. JP. Sablanianum has an even more delicate texture than P. myriocarpum, and its nerves are slender, not prominent and form a single very large square areola, at the side of which is another very narrow obscure one. The plant is larger, 73 em. long, 5.5 em. wide, the apex of the frond long eaudate, the base long decurrent, the stipe very short. Texture membranous, color bright green, the costa light yellow, shining, the fronds which appear to be solitary and not fascicled have undulate margins, the rhizome is climbing, brown, as thick as a goose quill, covered with stiff subulate dark brown 4 mm. long scales. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Sablan (6142 Elmer) April, 1904. ? Bull, Herb. Boiss. 1l. 6 (1906) 993. 178 CHRIST. 82. Polypodium flaccidum n. sp. (Phymatodes.) Rhizomate repente pennae anserinae crassitie, griseo-brunneo nee glauco, radicoso, stipitibus solitariis articulatis basi parcis setulis nigris praedito aut glabris, tenuibus, stramineis, 6 ad 8 em. longis sed ob laminan,longe decurrentem fere usque ad basin alatis, fronde 40 em. longa 18 em. lata, ovali, longe sensimque decurrente et lobo simplici caudato 18 cm. longo terminata, 4 aut 5 lobis lateralibus ala costali utrinque 13 mm. lata, lobis remotis 10 cm. longis, 1.5 em. latis acutissime caudatis sinubus vastis rotundatis 2 ad 3 cm. latis interjectis, marginibus integris rhachi costisque stramineis manifestis, nervis lateralibus curvatis tenuissimis versus marginem evanidis, areas et areolas numerosis oblon- gis nervulos fureatis includentibus, soris irregulariter bi- aut triseriatis numerosis 1.5 mm. latis rotundatis fere planis ochracels, facie superi- ore macula obscura vix impressa notatis, fovea marginata sorali deficiente. l'extura flaccide papyracea, diaphana, colore dilute virente. LuzoN, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1087 Ramos) July, 1906. A species near P. phymatodes, but distinguished by its long decurrent frond, thin and diaphanous texture and small irregular sori which are not immersed in pits. 83. Polypodium palmatum Blume Fil. Jav. 150. Copeland? credits Polypodiwm trifidum Don to the Philippines, but as he presumes, l. c, all the specimens from the Archipelago are referable to P. palmatum Blume, also those that I have cited previously for P. trifidwm." Typical P. trifidum is an essentially Chinese species which does not extend to Japan nor to the Malayan Archipelago. 84. Polypodium productum n. sp. Rhizomate breviter repente radicoso squamis minutis 2 mm. longis setacels sparso, foliis approximatis nudis 63 cm. longis in stipitenf stramineum 10 em. longum sensim decrescentibus longe et acute aeumi- natis, medio 1 ad 12. cm- versus apicem 4 mm. latis, costa prominente, straminea margine anguste revoluto, nervis occultis, soris 30 ad 50 utrinque marginalibus impressis versus apicem ultra marginem protrusis ovatis 4 mm. longis, 2 ad 3 mm. distantibus. "lextura rigide coriacea, colore flavovirescente sublucido. MriNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1585 Copeland) January, T905, ral. 17 Dtm: A species related to P. longifoliwm Mett., which is also found in the Archipelago, PALAWAN (631 Poaworthy) April, 1906, differing from the latter in its firm texture, pale color, shining, the fronds narrower and long acuminate at the apex, the margins inflexed and the sori much elongated. P. longifolium is broader, the apex not sharp, the texture less firm, opaque, dark brown when dry, the sori often more rounded. * ? (opt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 129. ^" Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 200. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 1179 GLEICHENIA Smith. (8 Diplopterygiwum.) On examination of the Philippine forms of this group with the aid of survey given by Pres! ?? it is possible to distinguish the following forms: 85. Gleichenia excelsa J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3: 420, nomen nudum; Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 5. Tab. 4. B; Presl l. c. 385. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6006 Elmer); (Loher) March, 1897. This species is distributed from northern India to central China and Java. Shillong (Clarke 37478); Munipore (Watt 6139). Penang Hills (Ridley). Yunnan, Mengtze (Henry 9167); Moilim (Zgbert 1897); Hongkong (Faber 1091); Ningpo Mountains (Faber 219). Java (Schiffner). 86. Gleichenia glauca (Thuubg. Fl. Jap. 338, Polypodium) Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 4 (Swartz Syn. 164, 390, Mertensia). LuzowN, Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (Loher) February, 19006, alt. 2,250 m. Identieal with specimens from Japan except for a covering of reddish hairs along the costz in young plants. "The discovery of this species in the Philippines augments the number of species of the temperate regions of the East that extend to the highlands of the Philippines. It is on the whole rather a remarkable distribution, for in this group it is the only species found in Japan, while from China I know Gleichenia excelsa, G. gigantea Wall. (Yunnan, Delavay) and the following: 87. Gleichenia laevissima Christ in Bull. Acad. Mans. (1902) 268. LUZzON, Province of Benguet, Pauai (1954 Copeland), 2,000 m. alt. Still another Chinese type, of whieh I have specimens from Yunnan (Delavay) and Lu Mount (Faber) August, 1897. LYGODIUM 5w. 88. Lygodium Basilanicum n. sp. Axibus ochreis tenuibus vix ultra 1 mm. crassis, pinnis petiolatis, pe- tiolo 3 em. longo angustissime alato, pinna ambitu semirotunda 12 em. longa et lata, dichotoma, partibus petiolulatis (petiolo 0.5 em. longo alato) pedatifidis, 3 aut 4-lobis, centro indiviso, 1 ad 2 cm. longo et lato, lobis patulis, 9 cm. longis, 6 mm. latis, linearibus acuminatis integris tenuissime marginatis, lobo basali deflexo, costis tenuissimis manifestis rufostramineis, nervis prominulis obliquis 2 aut 3-furcatis, confertis, lobis fertilibus medio aut infra medium subito usque ad alam 1 mm. latam contractis, sporophyllis pectinato-confertis, 2.5 mm. longis, 1 mm. latis, utrinque circa 8 sporangia gerentibus brunneis munitis. "lextura coria- cea nec papyracea, colore sicce brunneo, opaco. BaAsrrLAN (28 DeVore et Hoover) April, 1903. A small species of the circinatum. group, differing from L. circinatum by its pinnz being dichotomous and with petioled pedately arranged pinnules, the segments not dimorphous but narrowed and bearing the sporophylls on the upper half. Dimensions of L. Japonicum. * Epim. Bot., 384. 180 CHRIST. CYATHEA Sm. 89. Cyathea rufopannosa n. sp. Stipite erecto arboreo, 2 m. alto aut altiore, anguloso, 3 em. diametro, stipite digiti crassitie, cylindrico, 55 cm. alto, castaneo, basi verrucis numerosis brevibus sed huic inde pungentibus scaberrima et squamis 1.5 em. longis lanceolatis acuminato-faleatis dure scariosis nee diaphanis lucidissimis castanels tecta, undique cum rhachi et costis indumento furfuraceo fibrilloso spisso tecto, fronde late ovata usque ad 1.5 m. longa (Copeland) fere 60 em. lata versus basin attenuata, rhachi digiti crassitie verrucis cabra rufotomentosa et setulis subulatis fibrillosa, pinnis remotis uti videtur ca. 15 utrinque, infra apicem pinnatisectum, infimis deflexis, mediis 37 em. longis (infimis 22 em. longis) 11 cm. latis, sessilibus, ad basin paulum attenuatis, acuminatis, pinnulis ca. 30 utrinque, approxi- matis 5.5 em. longis 1.5 em. latis lanceolatis acutiusculis nee caudatis, usque ad rhachim incisis, segmentis pectinatis ca. 20 utrinque, ligulatis, obtusiuseulis, erenulatis, infimis posterioribus dentatis, 5 mm. longis, 2 mm. latis parce setulosis, nervis furcatis ca. 8 utrinque, costis pinnul- arum subtus squamis lanceolatis rufis nec non squamulis bullatis um- bonatis rufis dense obtectis, soris parvis paucis costae pinnulae approxi- matis ultra medium segmenti raro protensis, confertis rufis 1 mm. latis, indusio brunneo-rufo irregulariter confracto more Amphicosmiae. —'l'ext- ura herbacea, colore partium frondosarum laete virente, partium axialium rufo-cinnamomeo. MrINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1730, 1735 Copeland) April, 1905, alt. 1,200 m. A striking species, the base of the stipe with short sharp spines, the scales at the base of the stipe large, firm, shining, dark brown, the axial parts and even the eostz covered with a dense fibrillous brick-red pubescenee, the fronds tripin- natifid, the pinnules and segments serrate, the latter small, slightly dentate, the sori small, reddish, borne near the costa. 90. Cyathea Loheri Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 6 (1906) 1007. This species was discovered by Loher on Mount Banajao and on Mount Maquiling, LUzoN. A form occurs on Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas); that is suffieiently distinct to warrant being described as a variety. Var. Tonglonensis n. var. - Stipite rugoso et cicatricoso, squamis subulato-setaceis basi verrucosis flexuosis flaccidis atrobrunneis ultra 1 cm. longis patentibus, nec rigidis adpressis scarioso-argentels tecto, costis densissime squamis bullatis brun- neis tectis, segmentis minoribus dense pectinatis. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (4991 Curran) August, 19006. It is possible that A/sophila lepifera. J. Sm. apud Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 54, is the same as Cyathea. Loheri, but the description of the former is too incomplete to verify this. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 181 91. Cyathea Negrosiana n. sp. Stipite digiti et basi fere pollicis crassitie, basi atro-, supra eum rhachi eostisque rufo-ceastaneo, verrucis minutis ereberrimis, scaberrimo, lueido, basi squamis subulato-setaceis flexuosis lucentibus atrofuscis 2 cm. longis dense vestito, ob pinnas abbreviatis inferiores valde descen- dentes solummodo 15 aut 20 cm. longo, fronde tripinnata ultra 1 m. longa 25 cm. lata, ovato-acuminata versus basin sensim attenuata, pinnis remotis, 10 ad 15 utrinque, erecto-patentibus mediis longissimis, 35 cm. longis, 14 cm. latis, caudato-acuminatis, sessilibus, versus basin non attenuatis, pinnulis remotiuseulis, 1.5 em. distantibus, sessilibus, ca. 20 utrinque infra apicem pinnatifidum, 7 em. longis, acuminatis, 14 mm. latis, fere usque ad costam incisis, segmentis approximatis falcato- lanceolatis, acutiusculis, 7 mm. longis, 2.5 mm. latis, obtuse crenulatis, costis costulisque dense squamulis ovatis bullatis rufo brunneis more C. Loheri vestitis, nervis basi furcatis, 8 aut 10 utrinque, soris costulis adpressis, 3 aut 5 utrinque minutis, indusio griseo-brunneo primum globulari nitidulo mox confracto, frustulis squamiformibus irregularibus receptaeulum nigrum elevatum cireumdantibus. "Textura herbacea, colore atroviridi, opaco. NEGROS, Mount Silay (1536 Whitford) May, 1906, alt. 1,000 m. This species was determined by Copeland as Cyathea Christii, but it is distinguished from the latter by its axial parts being richly covered with furfuraceous seales, by the costz being covered with rounded inflated scales, by its membranous texture and very reduced size. 92. Cyathea ferruginea n. sp. Stipite pennae cygni crassitie cum rhachi subnitido, anguloso, castaneo, floccoso-paleaceo sublaevi, pinnis 26 cm. longis, 11.5 cm. latis stipitatis ovato-acuminatis basi aliquantum attenuatis, i. e., pinnula infima abbre- viata, costis pinnarum indumento floccoso paleaceo squamis rufis crispis e basi ovata subulatis crispulis patentibus rufis constituto tectis, pinnulis ca. 15 utrinque infra apicem lobatum, remotis, i. e., spatio 2 cm. lato separatis, lanceolatis, acutis nec caudatis sessilibus 6 em. longis, 11 cm. latis, ad alam angustam incisis, segmentis ca. 14 utrinque confertis, angulo fere nullo interjecto, falcatis acutiusculis aut obtusis, ovatis, 0.5 em. longis, 3 mm. latis, minute crenulatis, costulis pinnularum supra puberulis subtus omnino squamis rufo-griseis ovatis adpressis acutis 2 mm. longis tectis, faceibus fere glabris, nervis 6 plerumque furcatis, soris mediis 4 aut 5 utrinque, cinnamomeis, vix 1 mm. latis, confluen- tibus, indusio fugaci vix conspicuo, frustulis cum squamulis mixtis. Textura herbacea, colore dilute viridi, opaco. PALAWAN, Mount Pulgar (560 Foaworthy) March, 1906, alt. 1,150 m. A small species 2 m. high, acaulescent aecording to Fozworthy's notes, growing just below the summit of the mountain on an exposed ridge in the mossy forest. 182 CHRIST. - ALSOPHILA Rh. br. 93. Alsophila calocoma n. sp. Caudice arborescente, stipite ad basin coma densissima et pulcherrima squamarum scariosum argenteo-lucidarum pallidorum sed apice rufarum, e basi 3 mm. lata ovatorum, longe subulato caudatarum aristatarumque, usque ad 4 aut 5 em. longarum ornato, aliter inermi, sed verrucis minutis rugoso, rhachi tubereulis verrucosis creberrimis rugosissimo, squamu- lisque. furfuraceis sparsa rufo-ochracea, opaca, fronde tripinnatisecta, pinnis amplis 75 em. longis, 25 cm. latis acuminato-caudatis petiolatis (petiolo 2 ad 3 em. longo) pinnulis confertis 20 ad 30 utrinque infra apicem lobatum, fere sessilibus, 15 em. longis, 2.5 cm. latis e basi lata lanceolato-acuminatis, infimis haud abbreviatis, supremis late adnatis et decurrentibus, costis rufo-brunneis tenuibus, cum costularum parte inferiore subtus serie squamularum candidarum lucidarum ovatarum adpressarum ciliatorum elegantissime vestitis, partibus foliaceis plantae laevibus, pinnulis usque ad costam incisis, segmentis falcato-ligulatis obtusiuseulis aut acutiusculis, 11 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis, fere integris rarius crenulatis, pectinato-confertis, inferioribus liberis, i. e., basi spatio separatis et aliquantulum angustatis, ca. 35 utrinque, nervis ca. 12 tenuis- simis furcatis saepe tri- sive pluries-furcatis, soris 8 ad 10 utrinque, mediis 1 mm. latis sese tangentibus nee confluentibus cinnamomeis globosis receptaculo minuto elevato nigro, textura flaceide herbacea, colore glauco- aut plumbeo-viridi, supra obscuro, subtus pallidiore. LuzoN, Province of Rizal, Mount Alabut (Loher) February, 1904, alt. 1,900 m.; Angilog (Loher) Mareh, 1906; Provinee of Benguet, near Baguio (Loher) Mareh, 1897. A beautiful species characterized by the shining hairs on the stipe and the shining white or metallie scales on the under surface of the segments. "This is the species that I had previously identified ? as.A. lepifera. JJ. Sm., but I am now convinced that it is a distinet species. "The short description of A. lepifera, J. Sm., given by Hooker is quite insufficient from which to identify Smith's species, except that it appears to be near, if not identical with A. fo- mentosa (Blume), as Christensen supposes in his Index Filieum 44, or perhaps the same as Cyathea Loheri Christ. A. calocoma is distinguished from A. latebrosa, with which it shares the eharaeter of the costal and costular scales, by its whitish scales and by its basal segments being free and attenuate toward the base, as well as by the marked glaucescence of the frond. In A. latebrosa I have never observed the exceptionally long scales which are shining, silvery or somewhat golden in color and strongly pointed, 4 to 5 em. in length, such as are found in A. calocoma. t is a delieate species with trifurcate nerves and a very rugose rachis. Var. congesta (Aisophila lepifera var. congesta Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 137). This variety is identical with the type in having the same very large basal, scarious, silvery, subulate, 5 cm. long scales which are 4 mm. wide below, ? Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 137. ^ Sp. Fil. 1: 54. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 183 yellowish rhachis which is very rough with small spines, small whitish costular scales, and the basal segments free, remote and narrowed below, but it is readily distinguishable from the type by its shorter narrower segments which are more faleate and more strongly serrate. The pinnules do not exceed 8 cm. in length. In general appearance quite different from the type, but having the same essential characters. It appears to be an alpine form of the species. LuzoN, Province of Rizal, Arambibi (Loher) March, 1903; Province of Benguet (6504 Elmer) June, 1904. 94. Alsophila latebrosa (Wall.) Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 37. The ordinary form of this species so common in India, the Malayan Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Celebes and Amboina (herb. Christ), is not known to me from the Philippines, where the species is represented by a form notably larger. It is the same as with Alsophila contaminans, which is represented in the Philippines by the large variety Celebica. Var. major n. var. Rhachi fulvo straminea, laevi aut. minutissime furfuracea, pinnis ca. 28 utrinque infra apicem, 55 cm. longis, 18 cem. latis fere sessilibus oblongo-acuminatis, pinnulis confertis recte patentibus sessilibus 9 em. longis, 2 cm. latis oblongo-caudatis, usque ad costam tenuam nigram incisis, segmentis imbricato-confertis rotundato-obtusis rectis oblongis ca. 20 utrinque 1 cm. longis 2.5 mm. latis, crenulatis, nervis ca. 9 utrinque, tenuissimis basi furcatis saepe trifurcatis, costula squamulis rotundis peltato-umbilieatis 0.3 mm. latis flavis elegantissime vestitis, fronde caeterum glabra, tenuiter herbacea, colore obscure viridi subtus pallido, opaco. MiNDANAO, Province of Surigao (325 Bolster) May, 1906: Distriet of Davao, Mount Batangan (Warburg). 'The costular scales in A. lepifera are white, oval and larger than in the above variety. DICKSONIA L. Herit. 95. Dicksonia Copelandi n. sp. ^ Ampla, basi stipitis coma densa pilorum tenuissimorum 7 mm. lon- gorum rufobrunneorum coperta, stipite plantae junioribus iisdem pilis vestito, rufostramineo, subnitente, pinnis deltoideo-acuminatis, petiolatis, 45 em. longis 24 cm. basi latis inaequalibus, antice auctis, pinnulis" ca. 20 utrinque confertis, inferioribus mediisque deltoideis, infimis 15 em. longis 12 cm. latis petiolatis, acuminatis, pinnulis!! deltoideo-oblongis acuminatis ca. 12 utrinque, subinaequalibus, infimis 6 em. longis 3 em. latis, petiolulatis, pinnulis!V infimis 1.5 cm. longis basi 8 mm. latis liberis oblongis acutis subinaequalibus profunde serratis, dentibus trigono- acutis mucronatis, nervis suboccultis in pinnulis!V pinnatis furcatis, soris in dentibus terminalibus sed mucrone superatis, uno pro dente, praecipue antice positis, numerosis, brunneis 1 mm. latis globosis coriaceis irregu- lariter bivalvis. "Textura coriacea, costis nervisque pilosis, facie superiore glabra subnitente, colore ochraceo-viridi. 184 CHRIST. LUzON, Province of Benguet, Baguio (Loher), March, 1897, alt. 1,400 m.; (6025 Elmer) March, 1904: Distriet of Lepanto, Bagnen (1912 Copcland) November, 1905, alt. 2,000 m. A species elosely related to D. straminea Labill, but strongly pilose, larger, quadripinnatifid, the pinnz and pinnules broader and more strongly serrate, broadly deltoid, the pinnules of the third order broader the lobes shorter and broader. Resembling the South American D. coniifolia Sw. MARATTIA Smith. AII the Philippine forms of this genus that I have examined have been identified after the classification in the monograph of JeVriese and Harting, in which work the diagnoses are by no means comparative and in whieh the differences between related species are not noted. The number of species is so large and their charaeters so uniform that the distinctive characters of each species should have been emphasized. At any rate the group merits more attention than the succes- sors to the two Dutch botanists have given it, for certainly the forms are very numerous and ean not all be reduced to a single species. The morphological differences between young and adult fronds are very great, and the latter, even the fertile ones, frequently present characters that are ordinarily found only in young fronds. In diagnoses the adult parts only have been considered. I have been able to elucidate here, with a fair degree of certainty, the following forms: 96. Marattia sambucina Blume. Enum. (1828) 256; DeVriese et Harting Monog. 6. 'l'extura firmiter chartacea, rhachi laevissima flava, pinnulis sessilibus basi acute cuneatis, aeutis, adultis 7.5 raro 11 em. longis, 1 ad 1.4 em. latis, margine omnino dentatis, dentibus obliquis raro patentibus, synangiis 1.5 mm. a margine remotis 1.5 mm. longis non contiguis late ovatis, 6 ad 8-loeulatis. Colore pallide viridi. LUzoN, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Loher) April, 1906; DBaguio (Loher) January, 1893: Province of Union, Castilla (Loher) March, 1906. This is the most widely distributed form, identieal with specimens from Java leg. Raciborski and from Celebes leg. Sarasin. 1t is the form previously con- sidered by me as M. fraainea.^ 97. Marattia silvatica Blume Enum. (1828) 256; DeVriese et Hartiny Monog. 6. IIT. 25. Firmiter ehartacea, rhachi laevissima flava, pinnulis petiolulatis, basi acute euneatis acutis, adultis 9 em. longis 13 mm. latis, margine omnino dentatis, dentibus brevibus patentibus, synangiis fere marginalibus, fere contiguis, 2 mm. et ultra longis, oblongis, 12 ad 15-locularibus. Colore pallido. : Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (5833 Elmer) March, 1904. 98. Marattia pellucida Presl Suppl. Tent. Pterid. 10; DeVriese et Harting Monog. 6. Herbacea, rhachi flava, laevissima, pinnulis petiolatis, basi abrupte cuneatis, apice abrupte acuminatis, adultis 10 em. longis, 14 mm. latis, * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 207. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 185 margine omnino dentatis, dentibus brevissimis apertis, synangiis 1 mm. a margine remotis non contiguis brevibus 1 mm. longis oblongis 8-locu- laribus. Colore dilute viridi-plumbeo, nervis egregie pellucidis. MiwDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (1455 Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 1,550 m. 99. Marattia vestita n. sp. Ampla, caudicé 2.5 cm. crasso, opaco, rufobrunneo dense pustulis atque squamis ovatis flaccidis 1 cm. longis et 0.5 cm. latis minoribus et angustioribus mixtis scabro, rhachibus rufofuscis supremis ochraceo- rufis opacis et abunde cum costis squamis lanceolatis brunneis squamu- lisque fibrillosis vestitis, pinnis oblongis 70 em. et ultra longis 30 cm. latis, petiolo 7 em. longo praeditis, basi attenuatis, acuminatis, pinnulis petiolatis ca. 10 cm. remotis 20 em. et ultra longis, 15 cm. latis basi attenuatis, pinnula terminali praeditis, pinnulisH! alternis valde (2.5 cm.) remotis basi articulatis infimis brevissime subpetiolulatis, basi acute cuneatis, acuminatis, 9 cm. longis, 12 mm. latis, lanceolatis, margine omnino dentatis, dentibus patentibus apertis, nervis conspicuis fere ? mm. remotis nigris simplicibus, soris minutis remotis oblongis 1 mm. longis ochraceis 5-locularibus subcelausis. "Textura firmiter sed tenuiter chartacea, colore supra obscure, infra pallide viridi, opaco. MiNDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (1179 Copeland) April, 1904. A species peeuliar in its axial parts being not polished or shining but dull, dark eolored, rough, and with numerous scales. "The denticulation is very open and the synangia are smaller than in any other species known from the Archipelago. 100. Marattia Ternatea DeVriese et Harting Monog. 4. f. 3. 16. Chartacea fere coriacea laevissima, pinnulis petiolulatis, petiolis squa- mulosis, planta caeterum glabra, rhachi ochraceo-plumbea, pinnulis basi cuneato-ovatis, acutis, lanceolatis, 12 ad 20 cm. longis, 2 ad 2.4 cm. latis, minute denticulatis et ob marginem inflexum fere integris, nervis valde remotis (ultra 2 mm.) ochraceis, synangiis remotis, oblongis, ultra 3 mm. longis, 15-locularibus, 1.5 mm. a margine remotis. Colore supra obscure, infra palidissime viridi, LuzowN, Provinee of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (2082 Borden) September to December, 1904; (1116 WAitford) May, 1905. In this species the pinnz are larger than in any other one known from the Archipelago, their borders in part nearly entire and in part dentate. ANGIOPTERIS Hoffm. Angiopteris offers in a still greater degree than Marattia the lack of palpable differential characters, and the differences between the various forms, quite distinet to the practiced eye, are difficult to diagnose properly. I believe it possible to distinguish the following species: 54744— —3 136 CHRIST. 101. Angiopteris cartilagidens Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1906) 207. LUZON, Province of Benguet, Baguio (Loher), alt. 1,400 m. One of the most sharply defined species, characterized by its dentation, texture and scales. Endemic. 102. Angiopteris similis Presl in DeVriese et Harting Monog. Maratt. 17. MiNDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (115 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906, alt. 660 m. A species with thinly papyraceous texture, shining, pale green, the nerves recurrent, slender, slightly visible, the sori small, dark brown, «lose to the margin, the pinnules large, 18 em. long, 21 mm. broad, the teeth prominent only at the sterile apices. Java. 1083. Angiopteris angustifolia Presl ex DeVriese et Harting Monog. Maratt. 18. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Lamao River (3791 Merrill) January, 1904. NE- GROS, Gimagaan River (1659 Whitford) May, 1906. MiNDANAO, Lake Lanao (Mrs. Clemens) April, 1906: Province of Surigao (240 Bolster) April, 1906: District of Davao, Todaya (1459 Copeland) October, 1904. "This seems to be the most widely distributed species in the Archipelago, and was first collected by Cwming. lt is distributed from Annam, leg. Cadiére, to Formosa, leg. F'awrie, south to the Sunda Islands. 104. Angiopteris caudata DeVriese et Harting Monog. Maratt. 20. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Loher) April, 1906; Baguio (5126 Curran) August, 1906; (5930 Elmer) March, 1904: Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) June, 1906. Pinnules strongly narrowed, the upper ones 8 mm. broad, very gradually narrowed into the long pointed apex. "The pinn: resemble those of Pteris longifolia Linn. 105. Angiopteris pruinosa Kze. Schkuhr Suppl. 1: f. 91. NEGROS, Gimagan River (1652 Whitford) May, 1906. Fronds bluish white beneath quite similar in color to those of Lomaria glauca Blume. CHRISTENSENIA Maxon. 106. Christensenia Cumingiana n. sp. Omnium reliquarum formarum adhuc cognitarum minima, rhizomate crasso, brevi, carnoso, radicoso, foliis approximatis, junioribus subfasci- culatis, stipite usque ad 14 cm. longo cum costis nervisque rufostramineo furfuraceo, fronde tam simpliei ovata breviter acuta basi subcordata 8 ad 13 em. longa 3 ad 5 cm. lata, repanda aut grosse dentata, quam tripartita, pinna centrali late ovata 11 em. longa 5 em. lata acuta longe et anguste cuneata, lobato-repanda, pinnis lateralibus adnatis valde inae- qualibus postice cordato-auctis, antice anguste cuneatis 9 em. longis 3 cm. latis, nervis manifestis, ca. 10 utrinque, rectis patentibus interstitio ca. 1 cm. lato, facie superiore laevi inferiore albida, stomatibus rotundis dense tecta, laevi, synangiis vix 1.5 mm. latis (deciduis aut immaturis) brunneis inter nervos biseriatis, ca. 4 pro serie. "lextura modice succulenta. SPICILIGIUM FILICUM PHILIPPINENSIUM. 187 MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland s. n.) March, 1905, alt. 200 to 650 m. Al] the other species of CAristensenia (Kaulfussia) known to me have the lateral pinnz rather strongly petioled. DeVriese and Harting have indicated in their Monograph of the Marattiaceae 14, that the Kaulfussia found by Cuming in the Philippines, which was considerably smaller than the other known forms, might perhaps prove to be a distinct species. In comparison with specimens from Assam, leg. King; Selangor, leg. Ridley; Java, leg. Raciborski, and Sumatra, leg. Schneider, the specimens from MriwpANAO are very reduced. The fertile frond is often simple and when it is tripartite the lobes are joined at the base, not petiolate, and very unequal, whitish beneath. BOTRYCHIUM Sw. 107. Botrychium lanuginosum Wall. var. nanum n. var. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Bugias (1848 Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 1,550 m., with the large form. Like our European Boftrychiwm this large species has also a dwarfed form, about 17 em. high, the fertile frond with its stipe about 10 em. high. SUPPLEMENT. There are two forms hitherto confounded as Aspidium coadunatum Wall. or even as A. cicutariwum Sw., which is a very different West Indian species. After a careful examination and comparison with other specimens of the Malayan and wider Asiatie area, I can indicate the following diagnostie points: Aspidium coadunatum Wall. Cat. 377 non Hook. et Grev. le. Fil. 202. Nagenia J. Sm. Hook, Journ. Bot. 4: 184. Presl Epimel. 60. Stipite rufo glaberrimo lucente, basi squamis ovatis acutis 0.5 em. longis flaecidis brunneis sparso. Rachi laevi lucida flavido-rufa. Pinnulis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, lobis late ovatis obtusis sive subaeutis. Faciebus pilis albidis brevibus pubescentibus, marginibus ciliatis. Nervis ad mar- ginem protensis, nervulis luteo-brunneis tenuibus abunde anastomosan- tibus, nervulis inclusis clavatis frequentibus. Colore laete virente, textura diaphana. Indusio orbiculari-reniformi margine pallidiore. Luzow, Bontoe, Sagada (1899 Copeland): Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1033 Ramos). A common species in tropical Asia. Wynaad, Malabar, leg. Bicknell ; Anamalays, Province of Madras, leg. Beddome; Mercara Coorg. 1,100—1.200 m., leg. Richter; Koon Beeling, Burma, leg. Brandis; Ceylon, leg. Wall.; Yunnan, leg. Henry 10341, 10354; Sze tchuen, Mount Omi, leg. Wilon 5376. "Viti, Plewa River, leg. Moore; Tahiti, leg. Rtadeond. Aspidium Malayense n. sp. Stipite opaco vix subnitente brunneo, basi squamis ad 1 em. longis lanceolato-subulatis rigidis atrobrunneis, caeterum cum rachi squamis setaceis atratis plus minus dense vestita. Rachi fere opaca fusco-aut olivaceostraminea pinnulis lnceolato-angustatis caudatis, lobis acutis ovato-lanceolatis grosse dentatis. Faciebus fere laevibus nec ciliatis. Colore siece griseo-aut atroviridi, textura opaca. Nervis lateralibus .269. 188 CHRIST. ad marginem protensis, nervulis nigris crassis, solummodo secus costas anastomosantibus, nervulis inclusis clavatis raris aut nullis, parce indusio brunneo peltato. LUZON, Laguna Province, Majayjay (Loher) 1891; DBataan Province, Lamao River (1959 Borden, 217, 1396 Copeland) ; northern Luzon. (Warburg). Miw- DANAO, Todaya, Davao (1468 Copeland). I have the same species from Malaeca, Johor, leg. /'idley 10976; Singapore, leg. Hose (1894). Aspidium melanorachis Dak. Journ. Bot. 1888. Nephrodium. 315 Sarawak, Jorneo, leg. Hose is very near. Differt squamis atropurpureis linearibus flaccidis flexuosis, rachi cos- tisque atropurpureis, fronde ampliore, faciebus dense pubescentibus, soris magis numerosis, irregulariter sparsis nec stricte biseriatis, minoribus, indusio tenui griseo mox evanido, nervi valde anastomosantibus, nervulis inclusis multis. Diplazium vestitum Presl Epimel. 87, 1849. Hook. lc. r1. 46. By comparison with Hooker's figure of Cuming's specimen from Leyte, I have identified as this species the plant found by Loher at Mabacal and Angilog, Rizal Province, March, 1906. It is very much larger than the one represented by Hooker; but all the details correspond perfectly, especially the axial parts covered with scales and furfuraceous down. "The lateral nerves and the sori converge in the sinus between two lobes, but they do not touch before the sinus. "The stipe, which attains the size of a finger, is rough with small warty projections. The same plant from Celebes leg. Koorders 16986. T-listaeueh—HHe—fReenrthe form which I have identified in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vr. 1906, 1001, with D. Smithianum (Bak.) Diels by the shorter sori, which touch somewhere before the sinus, by the rough scaly rachis armed like the coste with sharp prickles, and by the more truncate lobes. 1 have thisffrom Ceylon, leg. Wall. 38/275, from Celebes, Bojong, leg. Warburg 15314, Sarasin 108, and from New Guinea, Sattelberg, leg. Weinland. 1890. I must say that these two forms are exceedingly similar and appear almost like one specific type in the wider sense. JDiplazium dolichosorum Copel.' is inter- mediate between D. vestitum: Pres] and D. Smithianum ; the sori are those of the former, but the imperfect pubescent covering and the truncate lobes are as in the second. ! New Phil. Ferns, l. c., 151. y 94 ABB - f, FHE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF/DRYOPTEBRIS. By H. Crmrsr. (Basel, Switzerland.) some time ago Mr. Elmer D. Merrill; Botanist of the Bureau of Scienee, Manila, sent me all the Philippine material of the genus Dryopteris from the herbarium of that institution, in order to give me an opportunity to prepare a classified list of the species found in the Archipelago. "Phe collection contains many of Cuming's plants, and a large number of specimens collected by the American botanists since the occupation of the Philippines by the United States. In addition to the above material I have also received from Dr. E. B. Copeland a notable collection, and Mr. Loher has had the kindness to furnish me with an additional and very interesting collection, supplementary to the one he sent me in 1897 and which was the basis of my work *Filiees Insularum Philippinarum."' Sinee the publication of the above paper some important works of Dr. Copeland have notably advanced our knowledge of the ferns of the Philippines. In his Polypodiacee of the Philippine Islands? Dr. Copeland admits 60 species of Nephrodium, compiling the descriptions of all the species credited to the Philippines, even of those species of which he had not seen specimens. In my present paper I have not attempted to account for all the species of the genus that have been credited to the Archipelago by various authors, but have considered only those of which specimens are before me. In a group so difficult as Dryopteris and so subject to diverse interpretation, it appears to me that the latter treatment is the surest, even if com- pleteness is sacrificed. I have limited Dryopteris in the sense of Christensen's Index Filicum ; that is, excluding Pleocnemia and SNagenia and treating only Lastrea (including Phegopteris) and Nephrodium proper (including Goniopteris, Mesochlaena and Meniscium). As the Philippines are particularly rich in species and forms of Dryopteris, the task of treating all the species was sufficiently arduous. In regard to nomenclature I have followed CAhristensem's Index Filieum and accepted the generic name ' Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 127-154; 189-210. * (ovt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1906) 18-32. 189 190 CHRIST. Dryopleris, in spite of the sacrifice of personal opinions and in spite of being obliged to discard names that have been in constant use for a century and which are known to all botanists. Nowhere else is the type of Nephrodvwm with anastomosing veins so diversified as in the Philippines. 'lhere are in the Philippines forms with very narrow pinn:z, and some special characters are found in the specles of this region more often than in those of other parts of the world. 'Phese characters are: Pinns attenuated toward their bases, the lower ones deflexed, the pinnz: degenerating into auricles at the base of the frond, sometimes abruptly, sometimes gradually. In other equa- torial regions species with these characters are rather rare. n tropical America, Dryopteris sagillata. (Sw.) is almost the only known species of the group where the frond is abruptly reduced at the base, the lower pinnz being represented by auricles, and JD. refracta (Fisch. & Mey.) is one of the rare examples of a species with deflexed pinnze. "The Ma- layan region offers the most frequent examples of species presenting the two last characters, for example D. sagittifolia (Blume) of Java, but even in the Malayan region such species do not approach in number those of the Philippines. 'l'here is in the Philippines a tendency to *insular" reduced types which is rather interesting. ^ These reduced types elsewhere are rare, and abnormal. "The irregularity and reduction of the fronds and even the dimorphism of the fertile fronds is normal in Dryopteris canescens (Blume) as found in the Philippines, and D. glandulosa has analogous tendencies. "lhese variations do not as yet appear to be constant, and they offer some 'subspecies and varieties of doubtful value, which are discussed later under the two above species. In the Archipelago more- over are analogous variations in other genera, for example the singularly stunted forms that are grouped under Leptochilus heteroclitus (Presl) ( Acrostichum flagelliferum Wall.), and some species of Pfíeris, such as P. ensiformis Burm., and P. heteromorpha Fée. In the West Indies, Cuba, Jamaica, Porto Rico, Santo Domingo, etc., analogous ingular forms are found in Polystichum, Fadiyenia, Sagenia and. especially in Dryopteris replans (Gmel.) which there offer multiple reduced forms. I am sure that the very prolonged isolation of these archipelagoes plays some róle in the occurrence of these variations, although it is not possible at present to specify just what this influence is. The wonderful variations of Dryopteris canescens, which are found in other parts of Malaya (Celebes) only as rarities, but which are developed in the Philippines into a bewildering series of forms, appear to me to throw some new light on the *aberrant forms" of the old school of pteridologists. By the variations of Dryopteris canescens, which present an unbroken and insensible transition from a true Neph- rodiwm. to à plant entirely achrostichoid as to the sori, the affinity of PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 191 Leptochilus, Gymnopteris, Polybotrya, Egenolfia, Stenosemia, and. Cae- nopteris with Aspidium, in a broad sense, appears to me to acquire a new support; and what is more, although perhaps in the cases where it has not yet been possible to find the aspidioid type of all acrostichoid plants, it is probable that the aspidioid type has not been preserved or that it has been so modified as to be unrecognizable. Be that as it may, for Btenosemia one must admit the immediate descent of Pleocnemia membranifolia.| (Dictyopteris Chattagramica. Clarke) as Beddome has asserted.? — Likewise I now connect my Gymnopteris Boni * from Tonkin, directly with Aspidium repandum. Willd. 'lhe contention that *Aecros- tichum? is only *Aspidium" with reduced fertile pinnz;, appears to me to be better established than ever. Is this a step in advance in the development or a degeneration? The example of Dryopteris canescens, where the incontestable deformation of the pinnz; both fertile and sterile, is accompanied by the aerostichoid formation as to the soriferous parts, appears to me to point strongly to the latter; that is to say, an aberration and weakening of the type, which one can scarcely call only teratological, because the influences that have caused the changes are unknown. OBSERVATIONS. l. In my Filices Insularum Philippinarum ? T have noted Aspidium PFauriei var. elatius Christ and A. grammitoides. Both belong in At/gy- rium, with aspidioid sori, as is the case with AA yrium oxyphyllum which is found in the Philippines with absolutely aspidioid sori. *. In his Polypodiacee of the Philippine Islands," Copeland includes Neplrodium asperulum. (J. Sm.) Copel. 'lhe species was based on No. 63 Cuming, Polypodium asperulum J. Sm., and the specimen in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science is to me Microlepia. speluncae (Linn.) Moore, with submarginal sori. 3. Copeland * admits Nephrodium rugulosum (Labill.) Copel., but to me the plant indicated is Hypolepis. Species of H ypolepis with the sori more or less intramarginal give rise to some doubt as to their proper : disposition. "lhere is a form in the Philippines whieh has a rhizome often, if not always, creeping, which is generally a good character of true Hypolepis and. which indicates the relationship of that genus with Pieridium. 'lhis form was considered by me at first as Dryopteris setigera (Blume) O. Ktz., and later as Aspidium vile Kunze, of Java, with which it has a great resemblance. It has been collected on Mount Apo, Mindanao, by Copeland (No. 1462) October, 1904, and on Mount ?* Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 48, 40. * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 11 4: 610. * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 193. * Govt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 25. Lie: 26. 192 ! CHRIST. Arayat, Luzon, by the Bolster (Nos. 79, 98.) ''he rhizome seems to be very slightly creeping, the sori are submarginal at the anterior base of the lobes and the texture of the plant 1s rather thin and not coriaceous as in specimens of Aspidium vile from Java leg. faciborski. | After examining the material at present available, I do not consider that this doubtful species can be referred with certainty to Dryopteris. 4. Aspidium varium Sw., is to me a Polystichum, and for this reason this Chinese type, which is also found in northern Luzon, is not con- sidered in the following list: DRYOPTERIS Adanson. I. NEPHRODIUM (including Mesochlaena, Goniopteris and. Meniscium ). l. Dryopteris megaphylla (Mett.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 277. Aspidium megaphayllum Mett. Ann. Lugd. Dat. 1 (1864) 233. Aspidium pennigerum Blume Enum. (1828) 153. Nephrodium pennigerum Bedd. Handb. (1892) 73. Haud male quadrans cum specimine Javanico a Zaciborski lecto et determinato, conf. Aaciborski Pterid. Buitenz. 190, sed planta Mindana- ensis gaudet rhizomate erecto, radicibus multis simplicibus et stipitum fasciculatorum basi oriundis suffulto, quum Zaciborski plantae Javanicae rhizoma repens stipites que remotos attribuat. Beddome recte monet *Caudex erect." MriNDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (1236 Copeland) April, 1904; Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland) March, 1905. Malaya. 2. Dryopteris truncata (Poir.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 814. Polypo- diwm. truncatum Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 5 (1804) 534. Nervis 6 utrinque quorum 2 ad 2 junctis, lobis rotundatis aut convexe truncatis. Luzow, Province of Laguna, Pagsanjan (1995b Copeland) February, 1906; Los Banos (Alberto) May, 1905: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (391 Topping) May, 1904: Province of Benguet, Baguio (4948 Curran) August, 1906. MiINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1674 Copeland) Mareh, 1905. BDASILAN (88 DeVore «€ Hoover) April, 1903. Malaya. 23. Dryopteris abrupta (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) $812. Aspidium abruptum Blume Enum. (1828) 154. Nephrodium abruptum Hook. Sp. Fil. 4 (1862) 77. t. 241. B. Nervis utrinque quorum 4 aut 5 junctis, lobis horizontaliter aut con- 'ave truncatis, apice denticulatis. MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland) February to March, 1905. Malaya. Pearcely more than a subspecies of the preceding. 4. Dryopteris adenophora C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 251. Nephrodiwm hirsu- twm J. 8m. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412; Hook. Mp. Fil. 4: 70. t. 140, non Don, nee Bory. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 193 LUZON, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (419 Topping) May, 1904; (1312 WHhitford) January, 1905: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (968 Whitford) October, 1904: Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo (Loher) February, 1906: MiNpono, Baco River (276 MeGregor) May, 1905. NEGROS, Gimagaan River (1658 Whitford) May, 1906. Philippines and Celebes. 5. Dryopteris ferox (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. PI. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium ferov Blume Enum. (1828). 153. Luzow, without locality (172 Cuming) "Goniopteris aspera J. Sm. Polypodium asperum Roxb. in herb. Linn. Soc." J. Smith in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 396: Province of Benguet, Sablan (6232 Elmer) April, 1904; Paguio (320 Topping) January to February, 1903: Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuiüez (1355 Mangubat ) August, 1906. MrwDboROo, Baco River (237 MeGregor) May, 1905. MINDANAO, Zamboanga (1578 Copeland) 1905: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (107a Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906. Malaya. Var. calvescens n. var. Pustulis et setis axialibus fere evanidis. MiINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1721 Copeland) 1905, alt. 800 m. 6. Dryopteris Todayensis n. sp. Rhizomate oblique erecto, supraterraneo, radicoso, paucos (ca. 3) stipites emittente, fere nudo, atrobrunneo, digiti crassitie. Stipite crasso fere digiti minoris, solido griseo-brunneo nudo aut paucis squamulis lanceolatis brunneis parce obsito, 40 em. longo, fronde 70 em. et ultra longa 20 em. lata oblongo-acuminata pinnata, versus basin vix attenuata sed abrupte secus stipitem utroque latere in 8 ad 10 auriculas breves rudimentarias transeunte, rhachi brunneo-grisea puberula, pinnis con- fertis sessilibus 40 ad 55 utrinque, basi subcallosis tuncato-cuneatis subinaequalibus, caudato-acuminatis, 11 em. longis basi 11 mm. latis usque ad mediam partem incisis, ala utrinque 3 mm. lata relicta, lobis confertis ca. 45 utrinque-lanceolato-acutis valde falcatis 3 mm. longis 2 mm. latis, nervis tenuibus non prominulis 7 ad 8 utrinque, areolam unam costalem formantibus, secundis in sinum acutum excurrentibus, caeteris liberis, facie inferiore puberula, superiore glabra, exceptis costulis eostulisque adpresse pilosis, soris minutis, brunneis, mediis, indusio parvo reniformi brunneo integro puberulo. "Textura flaccide herbacea, colore atroviridi. Differt a D. truncata lobis falcatis profundioribus, nervisque pluribus. MrNDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya, on the slopes of Mount Apo at 1,200 m. alt. (1463 Copeland) October, 1904. NEGROS, Gimagaan River (1658 Whlt- ford) May, 1906. A species of large size, the frond abruptly narrowed at the base, the stipe with numerous small auriculate pinnz;, the lobes narrow, the lower surface slightly pubescent, the nervules forming one costal areola, the sori very small, the color a very dark green. A similar plant, but the stipe without auricles, is represented by No. 607 Copeland, from Davao. 194 CHRIST. 7. Dryopteris Mindanaensis n. sp. Ampla, fronde deorsum non attenuata, undique puberula, uno doubusve nervis junctis, indusio ciliato, ab omnibus formis e vicinitate D. parasiticae etiam a D. latipinna. (Hance) magnitudine lobisque elongatis disting- uenda indusio ciliato. Rhizomate uti videtur repente aut valde obliquo, foliis remotis haud fascieulatis, stipite 30 em. longo, rufo-plumbeo, pennae anserinae cras- sitie, uti tota plante brevissime puberulo, suleato, basi squamis ovatis acuminatis 4 cm. longis brunneis opacis vestito, fronde 70 em. longa 40 cm. lata, ovato-acuminata in caudam longam ineisam protracta, basi haud aut vix attenuata, pinnis utrinque ca. 28 infra apicem patentibus, modice approximatis, sessilibus, basi haud attenuatis, 20 cm. longis, 2.5 em. latis caudato-acuminatis, usque ad mediam partem inter marginem et costam incisis, lobis ca. 45 ad 50 utrinque, pectinato-confertis, subfal- catis, obtusis sed mucronulatis, 7.5 mm. longis, 4.5 mm. latis, sinu fere nullo interjecto, costis nervisque straminels, dense et albido-puberulis, nervis 10 ad 12 utrinque, simplicibus, costalibus aut etiam secundis junctis, soris 5 ad 8 utrinque, 1 mm. latis rotundis dilute brunneis, indusio flaecido, griseo, ciliato. 'l'extura herbacea, colore laete virente opaco. MrNDANAO, District of Davao (607 Copeland) 1904. 8. Dryopteris invisa (Forst.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Poly- podiwm invisum Forst. Prodr. (1786) 81. Luzow, Provinee of Benguet, Baguio (6573 Elmer) June, 1904. PALAWAN (Paragua) Point Separation (824 Merrill) February, 1903. Polynesia. A species still more pubescent than the preceding, and a third or one-half smaller, fronds somewhat abrupt below by the pinn:» gradually becoming shorter, but without auricles, the pinnz: somewhat distant, narrow, the lobes triangular, the texture more coriaceous, the color a light yellowish green. Nerves forming one areola, the sori larger, brownish, the sporangia hairy. I have identified the above specimens with this species after the description given by Baker in Synopsis Filieum 290 under Nephrodiwm invisum Carruth. Copeland in his Polypodiaces of the Philippines, 30, accepts this species, and repeats Baker's description with a slight modification *sori in rows close to the midribs," while Baker says "sori midway between the midrib and edge," the latter being the case with our specimens. Baker also says "common in the Polynesian Islands." I have but one specimen from the Solomon Islands leg. Betehe, which agrees well with the description, but in which the base of the frond is abrupt, not narrowed, and with one auricle on the stipe. A critical species. 9. Dryopteris cucullata (Blume) Aspidium cucullatum Blume Enum. (1828) 151. Dryopteris unita O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 811. LuzoN, without locality (254 Cwuming) *Nephrodium canescens Presl—A spi- diwm canescens Wall." J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411. Province of Rizal (2690 ARherm's collector) January to March, 1905: Province of Benguet, "Twin Peaks (6468 Elmer) June, 1904: Province of Nueva Ecija, Carranglang (284 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Tayabas, Atimonan (662 Whitford) Au- gust, 1904. CEkBv (28, 29 Barrow) May, 1904. MiwNDANAO, Province of Zam- PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 195 boanga, (1575, 1575a, 1575b Copeland) 1905; District of Davao (390 Copeland) March, 1904; Santa Cruz (218 DeVore & Hoover) April, 1903; Mount Apo (378 DeVore «& Hoover) May, 1903. Malayan region to the Seychelles. It is impossible for me to follow Christensen's Index in treating this species as D. unita and renewing the confusion that has exsisted for a long time regarding Nephrodium unitum R. Br. (-Dryopteris gongylodes). Blumes name is here accepted for the species. "There is a limit even to the virtues of priority ! Var. mucronata (J. Sm.) Nephrodium mucronatum J. 8m. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Inter typum et N. callosum (Bl.) intermedia. XN. cucullato typico major, pinnis 2 em. et ultra latis, nervis utrinque plus minus 12, quorum 6 junctis, soris minutis submarginalibus, pinnis infimis versus basin angustatis, insertione pinnarum callosa, omnio puberula. N. callosum magnitudine et glabritie differt. LuzoN, without locality (182 Ca«ming nee 268). MrNDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (107 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906. 10. Dryopteris arida (Don) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium aridum Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 4. Luzow, Province of Nueva Ecija, Carranglang (283 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Benguet, Trinidad (212 Topping) January, 1903. MrwpoRo, Baco (879 Merrill) April, 1903. MiwNDpaANAO, Distriet of Davao, Davao (447,326 Copeland) March, 1904: Province of Zamboanga (1576 Copeland) 1905: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906. No. 279 Cuming *Nephrodium mucronatum J. Sm." appears to differ from this species in its pinnz being more strongly hastate at the base and in being more strongly villous. Dryopteris arida of the Philippines is usually more strongly villous and the pinnz are shorter and more distant than in the form found in India (Dehra Dun, leg. Blanford). Malaya. 1l. Dryopteris gongyloides (Schkuhr) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium Schkuhr Krypt. 289. XNephrodium unitum R. Br. LUuzow, without locality (259 Cuming) *Nephrodium unitum R. Br." J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411: Province of Cagayan (133bis Bolster) July, 1905: Province of Nueva Ecija, Carranglang (283 Merrill) May, 1902: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (1239 Borden) June, 1904. MrNDANAO, Provinee of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland) March, 1905. Tropies of both hemispheres, as far north as Algeria. 12. Dryopteris hispidula (Dene.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium hispidulum Dcne. Nouv Ann. Mus. 3: 346. Luzow, without locality (268 Cuming nee 182), *Nephrodium mucronatum J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Cum planta Borneensi a cl. Niewenhuis lecta exacte convenit, sed minus cum speciminibus aliter collectis. A specimen from Baguio, Province of Benguet, LvzoN (5108 Curran) August, 1906, appears to me to be intermediate between Dryopteris basilaris and D. hispidula. ; . Borneo and the Philippines; its other distribution in Malaya uncertain. 196 CHRIST. 13. Dryopteris basilaris (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 254. Nephrodium basilare Presl Epim. Bot. (1849) 258, nomen. Nephrodium. philippinense Bak. Ann. Bot. 5 (1891) 327. "This species is one of the most distinet, most important and most widely distributed of the genus in the Philippines, and is characterized by Baker as follows: *Rootstoek and eomplete stipe not seen. Frond oblong-lanceolate, bipinnatifid, 2-3 ft. long, 1-11 ft. broad, moderately firm, glabrous, rachis naked. Pinne lanceolate, acuminate, 8-9 in. long, 3 in. broad, cut down less than half way to the rachis into oblong ereeto-patent lobes $ in. broad, lower pinnz not dwarfed, veins simple, 8-9 jugate. Sori medial, indusium firm, glabrous, persistent. Near arbuscula, but lower pinnz: not gradually dwarfed." [t was on specimens Nos. 10, 84 and 338 Cuming that Baker based his imperfect deseription, and of these I have before me a specimen of the second number. Based on this number, and the abundant material collected by the Ameriean botanists in the Philippines, the following detailed description is given: Ihizomate obliquo suberecto valde radicoso crasso, foliis subfascieulatis (4 aut 5) stipite basi sulcato-dilatato, squamis subulatis usque ad 2 cm. longis brunneis e basi lanceolata filiformi-elongatis vestito, rufostramineo, glabro lucente, tereti, basi pennae cygni crassitie, 45 cm. longo, fronde usque ad 65 em. longa, 20 cm. lata late ovata acuminata, pinnata, basi abrupte terminata, pinnis infimis haud abbreviatis, sed stipite utrinque 8 aut 10 auriculis obtusis rudimentariis remotis instructo, pinnis alternis erecto-patentibus numerosis sessilibus aut brevissime petiolatis, pinna terminali saepius valde elongata aut basi bifida, pinnis lateralibus approxi- matis, ca. 35 utrinque, 14 em. longis, 1 em. latis caudato-acuminatis lan- ceolato-linearibus, basi antiore recte truncata, posteriore semicordata, marginibus lobatis usque ad tertiam partem, lobis decumbentibus 3 mm. longis oblongis subobtusis, costis pallidis manifestis, nervis 5 ad 8 utrin- que, infimis aream unam formantibus, soris minutis mediis 5 utrinque, indusio griseo persistente. Colore brunneo-viridi, textura subcoriacea rigidiuscula, planta glabra. LvuzoN, without loeality (84 Cuming) *Nephrodiwm caudiculatum Presl" J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411: Province of Rizal, Antipolo (Guerrero) June, 1903: Province of Cagayan (163, 175 Bolster) August, 1905: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (407 Topping) May, 1904; (6666 Elner) November, 1904; (224, 225 Copeland) February, 1904; (371, 108 Whitford) June, 1904; (2554 Merrill) June, 1903: Province of Tayabas, Sampaloe (12759 Warburg): Provinee of Benguet, Baguio (4915, 4946 Curran) August, 1906: Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuiez (1304 JMangubat) August, 1906: Province of Isabela, Malunu (Warburg). MrwNDANAO, Davao (637 Copeland) March, 1904: Province of Zamboanga (1685 Copeland). Widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic. 14. Dryopteris Luzonica n. sp. A species, resembling the preceding, and like it widely distributed in Luzon, but well characterized by its very thin texture, bright green color, its pinnz horizontal, in rather remote pairs and dilated at the base, the lobes obtuse, PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 197 often truncate, the pinn: strongly elongated into a filiform apex, the apex of the frond rather pinnatifid and terminated by one pinna, the stipe having generally one or two pairs of aurieles. I shall content myself with indicating here the charaeters by which it differs from Dryopteris basilaris : Basi stipitis squamis destitutis aut. minutis brevibus, stipite gracili sed pinnis infimis abbreviatis, et stipite auricula una, rarius pluribus instructa, flavostramineo, fronde acuminato apice pinnatifida minus abrupte terminata pinnis remotioribus inferioribus mediisque horizonta- libus, oppositis, basi antice et postice dilatatis quasi utrinque stipulatis, lobis brevioribus apice truncato-obtusis sive abruptis et denticulatis, tex- tura diaphano-tenui, nervis plerumque 5, soris ochraceis, indusio tenuis- simo mox evanido, colore dilute smaragdino. Luzox, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1083 Ramos) July, 1906; (89 PFozxworthy) January, 1906; Antipolo (Guerrero) June, 1903; (Loher) Mareh, 1906, March, 1893: Province of Dataan, Mount Mariveles (1239 Borden) June, 1904: Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuiüez (1289, 1302 Mangubat) August, 1906: Province of Laguna, Los Bafios (Loher) January, 1906; Mount Maquiling (Loher) January, 1906; Pagsanjan (1995a Copeland) February, 1906; (514 Topping) 1904: Prov- ince of Batangas, Mount Malarayat (2002 Copeland) February, 1906: Province of Cagayan (120 Bolster) July, 1905: Manila (Aothdauscher) 1897 in Herb. Monae: Province of Isabela, Malunu (11577 Warburg). Var. puberula n. var. hhachi costis et nervis puberulis. Luzow, Province of Cagayan, Tabug (175 Bolster) August, 1905. Var. polyotis n. var. Pinnis latioribus, basi 16 mm., brevius acuminatis, et stipite usque ad basin auriculis numerosis (ca. 20 utrinque) vestitis. LuzoNw, Provinee of Rizal, Montalban (5064 Merrill) March, 1906. )MINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1571 Copeland) December, 1904. 15. Dryopteris parasitica (Linn.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) $8Il. Polypodiwm parasiticum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1090. LuzoN, without locality (83 Cwuming) *Nephrodium molle R. Br." J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1084 amos) July, 1906: Province of Tayabas, Malieboi (Zitehie) May, 1903; Atimonan (8 Gregory) August, 1904: Province of Laguna, Pagsanjan, (1995 Copeland) February, 1906. MiwNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1605 Copeland) 1905: Distriet of Davao (607 Copeland) March, 1904. PALAWAN (Paragua) Ewiig River (720 Merrill) February, 1903. 'TTropies of both hemispheres. Var. falcatula n. var. Differt a typo pinnis inferioribus oppositis, refractis, basi antice sti- pulatis, segmentisque profundius incisis falcatis acutioribus, aliter typo conformis. An Nephrodium molliusculum Wall. Cat. ? MiINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1677 Copeland) 1905. 198 CHRIST. 16. Dryopteris procurrens (Mett.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. PI. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium procurrens Mett. Ann. Lugd. Bat. 1: 231. LuzoN, Province of Laguna, Pagsanjan (1992 Copeland) February, 1903: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1094 Za«mos) July, 1906: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (226, 1389 Copeland) February, August, 1904. (CurroN (589 Merrill) December, 1902. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1693a. Copeland.) . Malaya. From repeated examinations of material from the Philippines I have not been able to determine with eertainty the form described by Hooker, Synopsis 292, as Nephrodium latipinna, as that species is represented by specimens from Hongkong and Tonkin (leg. Cadiere). 17. Dryopteris heterocarpa (Blume) O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Polypodiwm. heterocarpum Blume Enum. (1828) 155. LuzowN, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (2027 Copeland) March, 1906. Sunda Islands. 18. Dryopteris canescens (Blume) C. Chr. Ind. (1905) 256. Polypodium canescens Blume Enum. (1828) 158. Ggymnogramme canescens Blume Fil. Jav. 93. t. 40. Aspidium canescens Christ. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 15': 150. The Philippines share with Celebes a plurality of forms of this species, interest- ing because of the numerous more or less "insular" forms into which it is divided. I refer the reader to what I have said regarding it in Aw«n. Jard. Bot. Buitengorg l|. e. where I have shown its affinity to the group containing P. parasitica of which it appears to be a weakly derived species, weakly derived because of its generally reduced dimensions, the indusium frequently lacking, and its sori irregular, but above all in the variation in the form of the fronds whieh present all forms of pinnz from those linear and elongated to those variously eut, lobed and dilated in a most bizarre manner, and finally in the dimorphism and narrowness of the fertile fronds which have much elongated stipes and the pinnz so narrowed that the sori lose their distinetness and form a mass which entirely covers the narrow fertile pinnz, in this latter respect resembling those of Egenolfia, appendiculata. In Celebes I have distinguished three forms—nephrodiformis, which is scarcely dimorphous; gymnogrammoides, with the fertile fronds somewhat reduced; and acrostichoides with the fertile pinnz narrowly linear. For the species as it occurs in the Philippines, this distinction does not suffice, and it is necessary to distinguish a large number of forms, some of which have acquired the value of subspecies, or perhaps in some cases, of species. "These forms I characterize as follows: Var. lobatum n. var. Statura minore, stipite longiore (20 em., frondis 20 cm.) pinnis minus numerosis, latioribus, lobis latioribus, paucioribus, profundioribus nervis flexuosis, interdum irregularibus, aream unam costalem formantibus, pubescentia sensiore grisea imprimis costas nervosque tegente, et soris indusiis carentibus, saepe irregulariter elongatis. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Mabaeal (Loher) March, 1906: Province of Ben- guet, Baguio (1866 Copeland) November, 1905. Java, Celebes. This variety more or less resembles the large form figured by Blume and approaches a small D. parasitica, but the stipe is relatively longer, 20 cm., the frond 20 cm., the pinnz less numerous, longer, the lobes longer and more numerous and more deeply divided, the.nerves very undulating, forming one costal areola, pubescent. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 199 Var. degener n. var. Rhizomate elongato subrepente, pinnis ovatis saepe obovatis basi attenuatis, obtusissimis, obtuse crenato-lobatis, apice frondis elongato lato obtuse lobato, pinnis sterilibus brevius (6 em.) fertilibus saepe longius (usque ad 25 cm.) stipitatis, pinnis fertilibus remotis, soris irregulariter sparsis plus minus rotundis. "Tota planta a 20 cm. usque ad 42 cem. alta, textura crassiuscula, colore obseure fere atroviridi, pubescentia imprimis rhacheos densa, strigosa, brunnea. LuzowN, Province of Rizal, Angilog (Loher) February, 1906, the larger form; Montalban (Loher) March, 1906, the smaller form. This is an aecentuated variation of the normal form, the length of the merely lobed apex and the pinns, scarcely coarsely crenate, giving the plant a singular aspect. Var. subsimplicifolia n. var. | Smaller, distinguished from the preceding by its one distinct terminal elongated pinna, nearly entire, and in the lateral pinnz being very slightly developed and auricle-like. LuzoNw, Province of Tayabas (Infanta) (784 Whitford) September, 1904. 19. Dryopteris diversiloba (Presl) n. subsp. XNephrodiwm diversilobum Presl Epim. (1849) 47; Mett. Aspid. 100. Goniopteris asymmetrica Fée Gen. 253. Rhizomate debili, elongato, plus minus repente, stipitibus plus minus fascieulatis fere caespitosis aut subsolitariis, debilibus flexousis 8 cm. longis, fronde oblonga 10 cm. longa, 7 cm. lata, pinnata, pinnis subpe- tiolatis rhombeis aut lata ovatis obtusis aut in apicem lanceolatum prolongatis 5 usque ad 7 utrinque 4 cem. longis, 2.5 cm. latis basi saepe attenuatis sive hastulatis aut subcordiformibus, crenatis, apice lobatis lobis valde irregularibus, brevibus et usque ad 2 aut 3 em. longis, lanceolato-obtusis 2.5 mm. latis mixtis. Apice frondis saepe lato, valde elongato, lobato; pinnis fertilibus vix contractis, saepe apice solummodo sorifero, soris minutis exindusiatis numerosis irregulariter sparsis rariter seriatis saepe elongatis. "lota planta griseo pubescente, textura herbacea, colore dilute viridi-griseo. LuzoN, Provinee of Nueva Viseaya, Quiangan (162 AHMerrill) June, 1902: Provinee of Rizal, Mabaeal (Loher) Mareh, 1906; northern Luzon (11611 War- "burg) 1888. NERos, Gimagaan River (83 Copeland) 1904. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1547, 1774, 1754 Copeland) November, 1904, April, May, 1905: Provinee of Misamis, Mount Malindang (4613, 4710 2Jearns «6 Hutchinson) May, 1906: Distriet of Davao (698 Copeland) Mareh, 1904: Province of Surigao (252 Bolster) April, 1906. Apparently common and widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic. This is a form of the D. canescens group, but so accentuated, and at the same time so widely distributed (it should be one of the most common ferns in the Archipelago), that it should be recognized as a subspecies. A small plant, almost turf forming with elongated, weak and often running rhizomes, the fronds not, or but little dimorphous, the pinnz few, short, broad, nearly square and very irregularly lobed, the lobes sometimes short and obtuse, sometimes greatly elongated. "The specimens with the elongated pointed pinn:x have the appearance 20€ CHRIST. of a sufficiently distinet species, but often the long and short pinn: are found on the same plant. "The frond is often terminated by a single simple pinna, but some- times it is pinnatifid. The pinnw are slightly petioled, somewhat hastate and slightly eordate at the base, slightly lobed toward the base, but nearly always with some strongly elongated and unequal lobes toward the apex which is abruptly truneate. "The stipe is always slender and flexuous, about 8 em. long, the frond about 10 em. long, the lateral pinn:x 5 to 7 on each side, 4 em. long, 2.5 em. wide, the terminal one 5 to 10 em. long. 'The sori are small, very irregular, sometimes few, sometimes very numerous often occupying only the terminal part of the frond. Var. acrostichoides (J. Sm.) Nephrodiwm acrostichoides J. 8m. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411; Christ Ann. Jard. Bot. Duitenz. 15' (1898) 1530. 'The sterile frond is more or less that of D. diversiloba, but the fertile frond is very long stipitate and the pinn:z are strongly reduced in width, approaching those of Gymnopteris and Egenolfia. 'Pwo subvarieties are distinguishable: Subvar. rhombea, n. subvar. ^ Frondis fertilis stipite debili flexuoso valde elongato, lamina 7 cm. longa, pinnis 5 utrinque, apice frondis elongato lobato acuminato, pinnis rhomboideo-lanceolatis usque ad linearibus, subpetiolatis, basi truncatis, obtusis, crenulatis, S—4 mm. latis, soris confertis aut seriatis aut omnio confluentibus, areola una. Sterile pinnz;: with the form of those of D. diversiloba, the frond with the stipe 12 em. long, the fertile frond, including the stipe 25 cm. long, the stipe being about 18 em. long. Luzow, without locality (149 Cwming); Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1084 Ramos) July, 1906: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (3130 Merrill) Oc- tober, 1903; (Copeland) August, 1904; (6153 Leiberg) July, 1904: Province of Tayabas (Infanta) (784 Whitford) September, 1904. MiNDANAO, District of Davao (503 Copeland) March, 1904. Philippines and Celebes. Subvar. lanceola n. subvar. Differt a praecedente pinnis sterilibus lanceolatis margine fere integris apice obtusis aut acutiusculis, apice frondis valde elongato fere caudato, areola una huic inde duabus. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (250 Copeland) January, 1904: , Province of Rizal (140 oaworthy) January, 1906. "NEGROS, Gimagaan River (1600 WhAitford) May, 1906. MiwNpANAO, Province of Zamboanga (Copeland) 1905. F A specimen from San Ramon (Copeland) April, 1905, offers the maximum reduetion, the fertile pinn:z being reduced to a width of 2 mm., and the sori accordingly having the appearance of a string of beads as is the case in specimens from Celebes leg. Sa«rasin. 20. Dryopteris acromanes n. sp. Rhizomate brevi crasso radicoso, foliis fascieulatis, stipite rufo-aut plumbeo-stramineo, tenui, 15 ad 30 em. longo, fere nudo, fronde oblongo- acuminata, 17 cm. longa, 9 cm. lata, pinnata, pinnis ca. 7 utrinque infra apiceme longatum lobatum, petiolulatis, basi lata truncata sed PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 201 pinnis infimis basi attenuatis et deflexis, haud abbreviatis, pinnis obovatis sive rhombeo-elongatis 4.5 cm. longis, 3 em. latis versus apicem latissimis ad mediam laminam sive ultra incisis lobis ovatis rotundato-obtusis 3 em. latis ca. 8 utrinque, versus apicem pinnae repente elongatis, fronde fertile conformi, nervis ca. 8 utrinque aream unam costalem formantibus, soris magnis brunneis rotundis ultra 1 mm. latis, in lobis submarginalibus (lamina media soris destituta) brunneis exindusiatis. — Faciebus tenuis- sime puberulis, textura herbacea, colore obscure viridi. LUzoN, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) April, 1906: Province of Rizal, Ampalit (Loher) April, 1906. No. 51 Cwming *"Polypodiwm adfime Reinw." in Herb. Bureau of Seience, approaches Loher's specimens cited above, except that the sori are not confined entirely to the lobes and are less marginal. In many respects similar to D. canescens var. lobatum, but the acerescenee of the pinne toward the apex and the increasing length of the lobes toward the tips of the pinn; is more accentuated. "The sori are large, marginal, bordering the lobes in a single series and the plant has not the harshness and grayish color that distinguishes D. canescens, so that the present form can hardly be referred to the preceding as a subspecies. 2]. Dryopteris xiphioides n. sp. Rhizomate obliquo repente, stipitibus debilibus valde approximatis numerosis aequilongis 30 em. longis rufostramineis, fronde pinnata 20 em. longa 11 cm. lata, late ovato-elongata, ad basin vix attenuata, pinna terminali 10 cm. longa basi aut libera aut pinnis lateralibus valde abbreviatis vicina sive connata, 13 mm. lata acuminata lanceolata erenata, pinnis lateralibus 4 aut 5 similibus sed haud ultra 7 em. longis, nervis 3, rarius 4 omnibus junctis, soris paucis minutis exindusiatis, tota planta parce griseo pubescente, textura herbacea, colore griseo-viridi. : MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (Copeland, s. n.) April, 1905. alt. S00 m. A species of the D. canescens group, remarkable by its very elongated faleate pinnze whieh are not reduced toward the base of the frond and but slightly lobed. 22. Dryopteris Merrillii n. sp. Rhizomate erecto radicoso crasso, foliis fasciculatis numerosis, stipite rufostramineo flexuosa vix pennae corvinae crassitie basi squamulis mini- mis ruguloso aliter nudo (rachi facieque frondis parce puberulis) 18 ad 20 em. longo, fronde ovato-oblonga acuminata, 20 ad 29 cm. longa, 1? cm. lata, apice elongato lobato, pinnata, pinnis confertis patentibus infimis interdum reductis et deflexis, egregie petiolulatis, falcato-lanceo- latis, acutis, 6 cm. longis, 12 mm. latis, basi verticaliter truncata egregie hastata, antice plus minus aucta, pinnis dentato-serratis dentibus deeum- bentibus, nervis goniopteridis, pinnatis inter costam marginemque areas 4 ad 5 formantibus quaque area nervulum liberum porrectum includente. Fronde fertili longius stipitata, pinnis angustioribus magis remotis. Adsunt pinnae fertiles 6 mm. 5 mm. et 2 mm. latae! Soris confertis 54744— —4 209 CHRIST. 4 ad 5 seriatis aut confluentibus minimis brunneis rotundis exindusiatis. 'l'extura herbacea, colore laete virentoe. PALAWAN (742, 8629 Pomcxworthy) Mareh, April, 1906. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Surigao (26 Bolster) March, 1906, the latter very small, about 235 em. high, resembling a specimen from Borneo leg. Aidley, 1901. "This presents the appearance of a well-established species. t is large, fascic- ulate, with a definitely established dimorphism, and is readily recognizable by its numerous pectinate laneeolate pinns, stipitate and manifestly hastate at the base, the nerves forming several areole. |n some respects it resembles Egenolfia. «ppendiculata and might be mistaken for that species except that the bases of the pinn: are equal. 23. Dryopteris Philippina (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 284. Physe- inatium. philippinum Presl Epim. (1849) 34. Lastrea exigua J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Luzow, without locality (251, 272 Cwming): Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) Mareh, 1906. MiwNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1705 Copeland) 1905: Province of Surigao (307, 327 Bolster) May, June, 1906. This is a reduced form of D. Merrillii with.obtuse pinn:, more simple venation and the pinne auriculate only anteriorly. 24. Dryopteris microloncha n. sp. Nana, rhizomate crasso obliquo atrobrunneo radicoso, foliis numerosis fasciculatis, stipite raris squamulis brunneis sparso rufostramineo 2 ad 3 em. longo tenui, rhachi straminea parce furfuracea, planta aliter nuda, fronde oblonga 16 ad 24 cm. longa, 4 ad 6 cm. lata acuminata et in longam cuspidem lobatam excurrentem versus basin sensim auriculis obtusis rotundatis, demum 5 aut 3 mm. longis et latis decrescente, pinnis ca. 12 utrinque, mediis 3 em. longis, 0.5 em. latis sessilibus e basi hastu- lata sive utrinque sed antice magis auriculatà sensim acuminatis, vix ad tertiam laminae partem incisis, lobulis truncatis, nervis in lobulis parce pinnatis, infimis irregulariter junctis, soris numerosis minutis brunneis irregulariter triseriatis, undusio atrobrunneo orbiculari, persistente. LEevyrE (317 Cwuming) *Nephrodium | caudiculatum Pres] J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411. Luzow, Province of Rizal (54 Focworthy) January, 1906; Morong (1381 Ramos) August, 1906: Province of Cavite (1304 Mangubat ) August, 1906. A small plant resembling D. Amboinensis (Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 228, Aspidiwm), but even smaller than that species, with numerous obtuse auricles on the stipe, narrow pinnz which are scarcely incised, and more numerous sori. 25. Dryopteris polycarpa (Blume) Aspidium polycarpum Blume Enum. (1828) 156. Mesochlaena poliycarpa Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. Suppl. 13. SAMAR (327 ? Cwming) 1836—40. "The interrogation point concerns only the number in Cuming's series, and not the plant itself, the identity of which is incontestable. I do not consider that the elongated sori and their arrangement in horizontal lines merits the generic separation of this form, as in all other respects it is a true Nephrodiwm. Malaya. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 203 26. Dryopteris chamaeotaria n. subsp. Rhizomate subrepente, stipitibus approximatis, tenuibus, flexuosis, 10 ad 13 em. longis, parce puberulis et squamis pallide fuscis subulatis sparsis, rufostramineis, fronde ovata 13 cm. longa 7 em. lata, magna pinna libera ovato-acuminata basi grosse lobata 6 cm. longa 2 cm. lata terminata, 2 vel 3 pinnis lateralibus utrinque, alternis, petiolulatis, su- premis adnatis, similibus sive valde reductis ovato- aut rhombeo-obtusis, nervis pinnatis, 4 areolas inter costam marginemque formantibus, soris fere 1 mm. latis rotundis, usque ad 5 pro lobo utroque costulae latere, uti videter exindusiatis, rhachibus faciebusque minute puberulis, textura herbacea, colore laete virente. LuzowN, Provinee of Bataan, Lamao River, Mount Mariveles (1369 Whitford) September, 1905; (387 Topping) May, 1904; (6970 Elmer) November, 1904. A small deformed plant connected with the type of D. Ofaria, analogous to the relationship between JD. diversiloba and D. canescens, an insular reduced form with feeble characters. 27. Dryopteris Otaria (Kunze) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Aspid- ium Otaria Kunze; Mett Aspid. 34. n. 73. PArLAWAN (764 Merrill) February, 1903. Rare, but distributed across the Malayan region. 28. Dryopteris Ramosii n. sp. Habitu eum Meniscio triphyllo v. elato valde conveniens, pinnis valde remotis, paucis, fere integris, caudatis, gemmaque minuta axillari pecu- laris. Planta debilis, textura tenui. Rhizomate breviter repente crasso radicoso brunneo, foliis paucis ap- proximatis, stipite flexuoso basi inerassato squamulis paucis brevibus sparso rufo-stramineo, ad basin pennae anserinae, porro vix corvinae cras- sitie, 35 usque ad 60 em. longa, frondem multum superante; tota planta nuda; fronde 20 ad 35 cm. longa, oblonga, pinnata, pinnis valde remotis, 5 cm. distantibus, alternis, paucis, 1 ad 4 utrinque cum pinna terminali longe petiolata, pinnis erecto patentibus basi cuneatis, fere sessilibus, ovato-oblongis 12 ad 15 cm. longis, 3 em. latis, longe et abrupte caudato acuminatis, margine subintegris aut repando-cuneatis, in axilla rhachiali saepe gemma rotunda minima praeditis, costulis manifestis sed tenuibus a costa ad marginem protensis 6 mm. separatis, nervis ca. 8 ad 10 utrinque, omnibus more Meniscii junctis et nervulos intermedios longitudinaliter junetos emittentibus, soris minutis, brunneis, rotundis, 7 aut 8 utroque eostulae latere, costulae approximatis, indusio nullo. "lextura herbacea aut papyracea, colore obscure viridi, subtus pallidiore. D. otaria longe recedit pinnis lobato-serratis, indusio ete: LUZON, Tuo of Rizal (1792 Ramos) January, 1907. MiwDoRo, Mount Haleon (6093 Merrill) November, 1906. 204 CHRIST. 29. Dryopteris pteroides (HRetz.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Polypodiwm: pteroides Retz. Obs. 6: 39. MrNDANAO (293 Cuming) *Nephrodium. Cwmingi J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411: Lake Lanao (254 Mrs. Clemens) February, 1906; Province of Zamboanga (1604 Copeland) 1905; District of Davao (636 Copeland) March, 19004. BaArABAC (420 Mangubat): Miwpono, Calapan (984 Merrill) April, 1903. CurroN (487, 594 Merrill) December, 1902. LuzoN, Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) March, 1906: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (54 Bolster) March, 1905. PArLAWwAN (271 Bermoejos) December, 1905. Throughout the Malayan region. 30. Dryopteris extensa (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium ectensum Blume Enum. (1828) 156. BaALABAC (415 Mangubat) April, 1905. No. 391 Cuming, distributed in Cuming's Philippine series, was from MaArLAccA, fide J. Sm., Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411, sub Nephrodiwm cumingii J. Sm. It is referable to Dryopteris eatensa. Throughout the Malayan region. LE 31. Dryopteris Bordenii n. sp. Rhizomate elongato obliquo crasso, radicoso, squamulis minutis lanceo- latis erispis dilute brunneis sparso, folis paucis subfasciculatis, stipite firmo usque ad 30 cm. longo, saepe breviore, plumbeo- aut castaneo- stramineo, puberulo auriculis parvis triangularibus subacutis saepe ad meros lobulos minimos aut ad callos reductis, circ. 10 utrinque, instructo, fronde ovata basi haud attenuata sed pinnis inferioribus valde deflexis, 25 usque ad 35 cm. lónga, 15 ad 20 cm. lata, acuminata, pinnata, pinnis infra remotiusculis, supra confertis alternis, inferioribus ad basin valde attenuatis, acuminatis, lanceolatis, sessilibus, supremis, adnatis, ca. 15 utrinque infra apicem pinnatifidum recte patentibus, 10 cm. longis 16 mm. latis, basi truncatis, inferioribus attenuato-cuneatis, usque ad mediam laminae partem incisis, ala 0.5 cm. lata relicta, lobis obliquis subfaleatis pectinato-confertis, sinu fere nullo interjecto, obtusis, inte- gris, ca. 25 utrinque, 3 mm. longis, 2.5 mm. latis, nervis parum con- spieuis, 7 utrinque, una area costali et secunda sinu applicata, rhachi faciebus costis costulisque breviter pubescentibus, soris mediis parvis atrobrunneis, sporangiis laevibus, indusio minuto obscure griseo pergunt mox evanido. Colore obscure viridi, opaco, textura herbacea. Luzow, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Mount Mariveles (1937 Borden) June, 1904; (6823 Elmer) November, 1904: Provinee of Rizal (66, 78 PFoa- worthy) January, 1906: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (493 Topping) February, 1904: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao (Loher) February, 1906. PALAWAN (571 Foaworthy) April, 1906. The frond has the configuration of that of P. sagittaefolia, the base of the Írond being abrupt and the pinns being replaced by reflexed and pointed auricles whieh oeeupy the stipe to the base. JD. Bordenii however does not belong, like D. sagittaefolia, in the group with D. parasitica, not having hairy sporangia. The rhizome is oblique, elongated, the roots strong, the scales very small lanceolate and twisted. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 205 32. Dryopteris moulmeinensis (Bedd.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 278. Nephro- dium moulmeinense Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. Correct. (1870) ; Hooker Synopsis 503. MiwponRo, Baco River (997 Merrill) April, 1903. MrNDANAO, Province of Zam- boanga (1613 Copeland) 1905; San Ramon (Copeland) May, 1904: District of Davao, Todaya (1240 Copeland) April, 1904: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (117 Mrs. Clemens) January, 1906. Throughout the Malayan Region. 39. Dryopteris urophylla (Wall.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 299. Polypodium urophyllum. Wall. Cat. (1828) 229; Hook. Sp. Fil. 5: 9. LuzowN, Provinee of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (6090 Leiberg) July, 1904: Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (2025 Copeland) March, 1906. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao (223 Bolster) January, 1906: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (Mrs. Clemens) March, 1906: District of Davao (952 Copeland) April, 1904. Widely distributed in Malaya. Var. pustulosa Copel. MSS. pro specie. "Nearest N. moulmeinense, irom which it differs in the subhispid, rough-pustu- lous surface" Copeland. Luzow, Provinee of Bataan, Lamao River (218 Copeland) February, 1904. 34. Dryopteris cuspidata (Blume) Meniscium cuspidatum Blume Fil. Jav. 102. t. 45. MiwDoRo, Baco River (168 McGregor) April-May, 1905. This is the typical form of Blume's species, of which I have identical material from Java, Tjipoes, leg. Raciborski, and from Perak, leg. Hose, and differs from the plant of northern India (Meniscium longifrons Wall.) in its fleshy-papyraceous texture, opaque, the areole less numerous (8 to 12, rarely more) more or less concealed under the membranous epidermis and not costellate and prominent. The proliferous shoots in the axils of the upper pinns are also present in the Philippine plant, as indieated by Blume in the Javan form. Christensen in his Index Filieum unites this species, although with doubt, with Dryopteris urophylla ; however the proliferation in Blume's species, and the membranous epidermis covering and in part concealing the areole sharply distinguishes D. cuspidata from D. urophylla. D. longifrons differs in having a very smooth shining surface, the areolz in strong relief, and in the form of its pinnz which are elongated and with their margins nearly parallel. In regard to the elongated sori, I have from Java a specimen with them nearly round. lt goes without saying that diagnoses alone are of little value in indicating the differences in forms and the slight characters that distinguish these undivided species of Dryopteris; characters that strike the eye on examination of specimens are often difficult to express in words in this and parallel cases. 35. Dryopteris glandulosa (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium glandulosum Blume Enum. (1828) 144. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (964 Ramos) July, 1906: Mabaeal (Loher) March, 1906: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles. (427 Topping) May, 1904. LEyrE (298 Cwuming). MiwNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1718 Copeland). Differing from the two preceding by its short erect rhizome whieh is not ereeping. The villosity is slightly glandular. Sunda Islands and eastern Malaya. 206 CHRIST. 36. Dryopteris lineata (Blume) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 275. Aspidiwum lineatam Blume Enum. (1828) 144. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1218 Copeland) April, 1905, 700 m. alt. Glabrous, the frond not reduced at the base. 1t has the appearance of Cyclopeltis. semicordata, but the pinnse are less numerous, broader and not articulate. * Malayan region. 37. Dryopteris Spenceri (Copeland MSS, Nephrodium) n. sp. Rhizomate elongato, radicoso, foliis paucis (3) stipite 20 ad 30 em. longo rufostramineo, pennae anserinae crassitie, fronde 50 cm. et ultra longa 12 cm. lata, oblonga, pinnata, pinna magna basi saepe petiolata 19 cm. longa 3.5 cm. lata acuminata grosse lobata terminata, pinnis lateralibus sessilibus, oblongis, faleatis, breviter acuminatis, plus minus crenato-lobatis (lobis 5 mm. latis) 8 em. longis, 2 cm. latis basi inaequalibus antice truncatis postice semicordato-rotundatis rhachimque tegentibus, et versus stipitem in auriculas breves trigonas numerosas (usque ad 10 utrinque) abeuntibus. "Tota planta pube brevi griseo parce obsita, nervis manifestis prominulis, pinnarum lateralium ca. 6 utrinque 3 aut 4 areolas inter costam et marginem formantibus, nervis pinnae terminalis usque ad 12, saepe furcatis, et 10 areolas cum areolis aliquot lateralibus (more Pleocnemiae) formantibus, soris numer- osis, 4 usque ad 10 utrinque, costulis approximatis saepe ovatis exindu- siatis. "l'extura herbacea, colore laete virente. MiNDANAO, Distriet of Davao, Todaya (1464 Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 800 m.; Sibulan River (981 Copeland) April, 1904. A plant from San Ramon, MriNDANAO (Copeland s. n.) April, 1905, from about the same altitude as the above is distinguishable by its shorter and more numerous pinnz. A. very large species of the group of D. Stegnogramme (Gymnogramme aspid- ioides Blume Fl. Jav. pl. 98.) but very different from that species in having a large terminal pinna instead of a pinnatifid apex, and with auricles descending * along the stipe. 38. Dryopteris simplicifolia (J. Sm.). Nephrodium simplicifolium J. 8m. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 411. A reduced insular form of the D. glandulosa type. "The plant small, the terminal pinna only developed, the lateral ones reduced to auricles. LrgvTrE (315 Cwming). "This is the plant figured by Hooker Sp. Fil. 1: 19. A sterile frond with the above specimen shows that it is a larger plant than figured and demonstrates clearly that the species is more especially a reduction of D. Spenceri. Specimens from San Ramon, MiwpANAO (Copeland) February, April, 1905, have the nerves less pronounced, the terminal pinna narrower and the pubescence more grayish: 39. Dryopteris prolifera (Retz.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 286. ffemionitis prolifera Retz. Obs. 6: 38. Luzow, Province of Cagayan (133 Bolster) July, 1905: Province of Tayabas, Lucena (616 Whitford) August, 1904: Without locality (168 Cuming). Throughout the Malayan region to tropical Africa. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 201 40. Dryopteris rubida (J. Sm.) O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Goniopteris rubida J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 395; Polypodiwm rubidum Hook. Sp. Fil. 5: 12. Luzow (415 Cuming): Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (272 Whitford) May, 1904. PaLAWAN (675, 684 Fozworthy) March, April, 1906. The base of the stipe, which is not described by Hooker, is as thiek as one's finger, covered with subulate stiff dark brown seales 2 em. long, and also pustular. Endemie to the Philippines. 41. Dryopteris triphylla (Sw.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 298. Meniscium triphyllum Sw. in Schrad. Journ. 1800?: 16. Luzow (11609 Warburg). LEvrE (299 Cuming). NkaROos (76 Copeland) ; Gimagaan River (1606 WAitford) May, 1906. Malayan region. Var. elata n. var. Majus, 60 em. et ultra alta, pinnis saepius 5, remotis fere lanceolatis valde elongato-candatis, soris brevibus non junctis. NEGROS, Gimagaan River (1608 WAitford) May, 1906. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Mabacal (Loher) March, 1906; Angilog (Loher) March, 1906. IH. LASTREA (including Phegopteris). 42. Dryopteris Loheriana (Christ) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 275. Aspidium Loherianum Christ. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 191. Luzow, Provinee of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) October, 1890; Mount Batay (Loher) April, 1905: Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) April, 1906: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat (3908 Merrill) October, 1904: Dis- triet of Lepanto, Balili (1910b Copeland) November, 1905. This species, whieh has all the appearances of a Lastrea, sometimes has the basal nerves joined. Endemie to the Philippines. 43. Dryopteris stenobasis C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 294. Lastrea attenuata J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. ; SAMAR (327 Cuming). This species presents in the greatest degree the reduction of the lower pinns f [addere a character common to so many of the Philippine species. "The position of the ke ot species, with its numerous nerves in the very narrow lobes, is uncertain and seems to approaeh Nephrodium. Endemic. 44. Dryopteris orientalis (Gmel.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 281. Polypodiwum orientale Gmel. Syst. 2: 1312. Var. Webbiana (Hook.) .Vephrodium Webbianum Hook. Sp. Fil. 4: 85. Differs from D. orientalis (Polypodium pectinatum Forsk. and Aspidium albopunctatum Bory) in lacking the caleareous coating on the upper surface and the lobes more horizontal and more angular, but it is not more than a variety of the African species. It is found also in Amboina and the Viti Islands, and appears unexpectedly in the Philippines. The Island of Réunion is the intermediate place in its distribution. MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1712 Copeland) April, 1905, alt. 850 m. Eastern Malayan region, rare and widely distributed. 208 CHRIST. 45. Dryopteris Beddomei (Baker) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Nephrodium Beddomei Baker Synopsis 267. LUzoN, Province of Benguet, Baguio (6491 Elmer) June, 1904; (331 Topping) January, 1903; (4941, 5089 Curran) August, 1906; (1818 Copeland) October, 1905; (Dr. Pond) March, 1904; Tilad (Loher) February, 1904: Mount Tonglon (5010 Curran) August, 1906. British India, China and Malaya. 46. Dryopteris immersa (Dlume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium immersum Blume Enum. (1828) 156. Luzow (72 Cwming) *Lastrea verrucosa J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 419. MriNDANAO, District of Davao (695 Copeland) March, 1904: Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1574 Copeland) December, 1904. Malaya. Var. ligulata (J. Sm.) Lastrea ligulata J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Aspidium ligulatum Mett. Aspid. no. 213. CkBU (343 Cwming) "Lastrea ligulata J. Sm." 1. c. In examining the above authentie specimen I find but slight differences between it and D. immersa. "The rachis is atroviolaceous rather than of a pale straw color such as is usually the case with the latter species. 471. Dryopteris Motleyana (Hook.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 278. Nephro- dium Motleyanum Hook. Syn. 266. NEGROS, Gimagaan River (93 Copeland) January, 1904; (1485 Whütford) May, 1906. MrNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1713 Copeland) April, 1905. PALAWAN (541 PFoaworthy) April, 1906. Sunda Islands, and probably other islands in the Malayan region. 48. Dryopteris Luerssenii (Harringt.) C. Chr. Ind. (1905) 276. XNephro- dium Luersseni Harringt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 16 (1877) 29. Ab Aspidium. vylode Kunze differt textura magis coriacea, segmentis acutioribus, ala costali latiore, soris costalibus mox faciem inferiorem segmenti impledtibus, basi frondis vix aut abrupte attenuata. LUZzOoN, Province of Benguet, Baguio (Dr. Pond) Mareh, 1904; (181, 236, 214 Topping) January, February, 1903; (6514, 6515 Elmer) June, 1904: District of Lepanto (1910 Copeland) November, 1905. Endemie to the Philippines. 49. Dryopteris Foxii (Copeland MSS. Nephrodiwm) n. sp. I transceribe here the manuscript diagnosis of the author: *Hhizomate breve repente vel adscendente, stipitibus confertis 5 ad 10 cm. altis, straminels, glabris, facie superiore canaliculatis, fronde lan- ceolata 20 ad 30 cm. alta, 6 ad 9 cm. lata utrinque angustata, bipinnata, pinnis lanceolatis, acuminatis, adscendentibus, infimis remotis minutis, pinnulis inferioribus lineari-lanceolatis, 8 mm. longis, 1 ad 1.5 mm. latis, acutis, obscure dentatis, adnatis, remotis, sequentibus confluentibus demum in caudam subserrantam coadunatis, membranaceis, supra glabris, infra sparse pubescentibus, pilis albis, brevibus, venulis in pinnulis maximis plerumque utrinque 5, soris medialibus indusiis reniformibus glabris, subpersistentibus." | PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 209 "A representative of the chiefly Ameriean group of Nephrodium oppositum (Sw.) Diels (N. conterminum Desv.) from which it differs mostly in the medial instead of submarginal sori. lt is very common on rocky banks submerged during floods." MiNDANAO, Distriet of Davao, Catalonan (940 Copeland) April, 1904; Davao (Copeland) April, 1904: Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1555 Copeland) December, 1904. Luzow, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso (1084 amos) July, 1906; Arambibi River (Loher) March, 1893; Montalban (Loher) 1906: Provinee of Batangas, Santo Tomas (2000 Copeland) February, 1906: Province of Benguet, Baguio (167, 258 Topping) January, 1903; Sablan (6178 Elmer) April, 1904: BDaguio (5010 Curran) August, 1906; (6577 Elmer) June, 1904: Province of Cagayan (Warburg); (119 Bolster) July, 1905: Manila (Rothdauscher) 1879 in Herb. Monae: Province of Zambales, Pinatubo (Loher) February, 1906. This species has been known to me for a long time, but was considered as Lastrea ligulata J. Sm. 1t is described here from the most common form—that is, rather small specimens—although sometimes it attains a size three times as large as is indicated in the diagnosis, and even larger. "The plant ean always be readily distinguished from D. immersa and D. ligulata (which to me are not specifically distinct) by its very sharp segments, which are cuneate and decurrent, and by its light green color and more firm texture. Its affinity is with D. Koordersii Christ? of Celebes, but that species is distinguishable by its very peeuliar indusium which I have described as follows: *Indusio subgloboso lateral- iter inhaerente duro crustato valde convexo brunneo nitido adiaphano sorum margine deflexo (more Matonic) tegente." 50. Dryopteris quadriaurita n. sp. Rhizomate uti videtur obliquo coma squamarum subulatarum fere 1 em. longarum rigidarum opacarum castanearum coronato, frondibus sub- solitariis aut paucis, stipite 33 cm. longo nudo griseo-stramineo tereti pennae corvinae crassitie, fronde 35 cm. longa 24 cm. lata deltoideo- oblonga versus basia vix attenuata, pinnis ca. 15 utrinque infra apicem pinnatifidum sessilibus inferioribus oppositis, infimis declinatis, acumi- natis 19 cm. longis, 2.5 cm. latis ad rhachim incisis horizontalibus remo- tiuseulis, pinnulis linearibus, sinu acuto interjecto, acutis, integris, 14 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis, inferioribus liberis, faleatis, infimis rhachi incumbentibus auctis incisis stipulaceis, costis brevissime puberulis, cum costulis stramineis, nervis liberis simplicibus obliquis 8 ad 10 utrinque, soris impressis mediis minutis exindusiatis. "l'extura coriacea, rigida, colore laete virente. MiNpANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1714, 1713 Copeland) April, 1905, alt. 850 m. A species with the appearance of Pteris quadriaurita Retz. the fronds not fascieulate, bipinnate, deltoid-oblong, the,pinn:z cut to the costa and furnished at the base with incised stipules, the pinnules coriaceous, linear, their margins entire, the nerves simple, the sori small. 1t differs from D. patens in its narrow . linear segments. 5 Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 15': 128. 210 CHRIST. 51. Dryopteris flaccida (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspi- dium. flaccidum Blume Enum. (1828) 161. LUZON, Province of Benguet, Baguio (157, 171 Topping) January, 1903. Malaya. 52. Dryopteris erubescens (Wall.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 263. Polypo- dium. erubescens Wall. MiNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1612 Copeland) January, 1905, at 75 m. alt. Malaya. 53. Dryopteris Metteniana Hieronym. MSS. n. sp. sub Nephrod?wm. | Lastrea spectabilis J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412, sed Aspidiuwm spectabile Blume Enum. 158 D. syrmaticam amplectitur. Differt a D. Syrmatico, cui similis dente in sium loborum posito, am- plitudine, pinnis fere sessilibus et pinnis basalibus postice egregie auctis bipinnatifidis, texture membranacea, colore atroviridi, soribus plurise- riatis. Ampla, nuda, stipite plumbeo-stramineo valido, fronde 70 cm. longa 30 cm. lata ovata, acuminata, bi- et subtripinnatifida, pinnis patentibus remotis ca. 15 utrinque infra apicem pinnatifidum, inferioribus breviter petiolatis, reliquis sessilibus, versus basin postice attenuatis, ovato-oblongis supremis lanceolatis 18 cm. longis 4 cm. et ultra latis superioribus angustioribus caudato acuminatis, basi cuneato-truncatis subinaequalibus, usque ad mediam laminam incisis, lobis grossis sinu aperto rotundato separatis subfalcatis ovatis usque ad 3 cm. longis et 1 cm. latis serrato- crenatis acutiusculis, ca. 15 utrinque, dente in sinu posito, ca. 8 utrinque, pinnis infimis deorsum valde auctis, pinnula basali deflexa 7 em. longa profunde lobata, costis costulisque prominentibus stramineis, nervis tenuibus bi-aut trifurcatis, liberis, soris mediis minutis brunneis, ramo anteriore basali nervulorum impositis saepe biseriatis, 6 aut 7 utrinque, indusio minimo rudimentario griseo. "'lextura tenuiter membranacea, colore atroviridi. Luzow (13 Cuming) * Lastrea spectabilis J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. MiNDANAO, Mount Batangan (Warburg) 1888. "The same species is found in CELEBES, Maros Bantimurung, South Celebes (16586 Warburg); Takale Kadjo, 500 m. alt. (Sarasin) February, 1895. 3 54. Dryopteris Syrmatica (Willd.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) S14. Aspidium Syrmaticum Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 237. Var. petiolosa n. var. Pinnis longe petiolatis (petiolo 1 cm. et ultra) supremis solummodo subsessilibus, 16 cm. longis, 3.5 cm. latis, soris mediis minutis indusio griseo tectis. Rhizomate monente Copeland erecto terrestri. LuzoN (14 Cuming) *Lastrea spectabilis J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 - (1841) 412: Province of Laguna, Los Baíios (Alberto) May, 1905. MINDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (736, 1581 Copeland) May, December, 1904: Distriet of Davao (953, 928, 669 Copeland) ; Mount Batangan (14192 Warburg). The Philippine plant is distinguishable from those of southern China (leg. PHILIPPINE SPECIES. OF DRYOPTERIS, 2 T1 Henry) and India by its very long petioled pinn:z and smaller size. The same variety has been found on Christmas Island, Straits Settlements (leg. Ridley). The type is widely distributed in Malaya. 55. Dryopteris Sagenioides (Mett.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium Sagenioides Mett. Aspid. 113, No..269. LEvrE (302 Cwuming). MiNDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley (386 Mrs. Clemens) March, 1906: District of Davao, Todaya (1238 Copeland) April, 1904. Eastern Malaya. 56. Dryopteris Boryana (Willd.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 255. Aspidium Boryanwum Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 285. Forma pinnulis ovatis ad tertiam aut quartam partem solummodo in- cisis, aliter typica. Luzow, Distriet of Lepanto (1731 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2,000 m. Widely distributed in the Malayan region, reaching to Japan. 57. Dryopteris viscosa (J. Sm.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 814. Lastrea, viscosa. J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. Rhizomate crasso erecto semisupraterraneo stipitibus vetustis abunde obtecto nigricante, foliis valde numerosis dense fasciculatis, stipitibus rigidis pennae corvinae crassitie 12 aut 20 cm. longis, cum rhachi pilis ochreo-griseis dense tomentosis et insuper squamis ovatis atrobrunneis 0.8 em. longis vestitis, fronde 25 ad 35 cm. longa, 8 ad 12 cm. lata oblonga, acuminata, basi ob aliquot pinnas breviores attenuata, binipin- natifida, pinnis 6 cm. longis, 1.5 cm. latis breviter acuminatis patentibus, infimis deflexis, remotiusculis, 20 ad 25 utroque latere infra apicem lobatum, sessilibus, fere usque ad costam incisis, segmentis oblongis obtusis angulo acuto separatis:ca. 15 utrinque, subcrenatis, nervis 6 utrinque simplicibus, soris 1 mm. diametro, mediis rufobrunneis, indusio persistente convexo coriaceo brunneo, costis costulis et facie imprimis inferiore pilis rigidis albidis pubescentibus. Tlextura carnosula, colore siece atrobrunneo, opaca. MrNDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (1022, 1044 Copeland) ;. (327. DeVore € Hoover) May, 1903. Luzow, Provinee of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (1105 Whitford) February, 1905. Malaeea (401 Cwming) in herb. Bureau of Science. The affinity of this species is with D. polylepis (Fr. et Sav.) of China and Japan. It is characterized by its thick erect rhizome, its double villosity con- sisting of large blaekish scales and grayish-yellow pubescenee, its somewhat fleshy texture, and its very large brown persistent coriaceous indusia. It has the general appearance of a small member of the filiz mas group, but its nerves are simple. An alpine form. At isolated points from Perak, Malacca and Borneo. 58. Dryopteris erythrosora (Eaton) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812. Aspidium erythrosorum Eaton in Parry, Narr. Exp. to China 2 (1856) 330. Luzow, Distriet of Lepanto, Bagnen (1929 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2.000 m. "This peculiarly Chinese and Japanese species was found previously in Luzon by Loher in 1894, Mount Tonglon, Provinee of Benguet, alt. 2,250 m. [t is also found is Assam, leg. Mann. 212 CHRIST. 59. Dryopteris marginata (Wall.) Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 521. t. 71. Aspidium marginatum Wall. Cat. (1828) 3606. LuzoN, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1906 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 1,800 m. A. member of the group of D. filiv mas sensu latiori. "The discovery of this essentially Chinese plant, also found in the Himalayan region in the Philippines, is significant of the continental influence in the flora of northern Luzon, indieated also by other ferns such as Dryopteris varia, D. erythrosora. ete. 60. Dryopteris hirtipes (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium hirtipes Blume Enum. (1828) 148. Luzow, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1887 Copeland) October, 1905: Province of Benguet, Baguio (6529 Elmer) June, 1904; (302, 303 Topping) January, 1903. | China and Malaya. 601. Dryopteris filix mas (Linn.) Schott Gen. Fil. £. 9. Polypodiwum filiy mas Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1090. ; Var. parallelogramma (Kunze) Aspidówm parallelogrammum Kunze Linngea 13 (1839) 146. : LuzoNw, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1875 Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 2,250 m. "The tropieal variety of the European species, closest to the variety paleacea Moore; also in Celebes (leg. Saerasin). Widely distributed in the Tropies of both hemispheres. 62. Dryopteris heleopteroides n. sp. Rhizomate brevi radicoso crasso, folis fasciculatis stipite basi ineras- sito brunneo squamis pallide brunneis diaphanis subulatis 0.5 cm. longis vestito, stipite rufostramineo, folii sterilis 6 cm. longo parce fibrilloso, planta aliter nuda, fronde deltoidea 16 cm. longa et fere aequilata, bipin- natifida, pinnis approximatis, ca. 10 infra apicem lobatum infimis maxi- mis petiolulatis profunde ad alam angustam pinnatisectis, 8 cm. longis basi 3.5 em. latis oblongis obtusis, segmentis ovato-rhombeis obtusis ca. 8 aut 10, infimis maximis 2 em. longis 1 cm. latis obtusis grosse et irregulariter crenato-serrulatis, pinnis superioribus sessilibus et adnatis, grosse lo- batis, lobis obtusis trigono-arcuatis, nervis inconspieuis in lobis pin- natis et furcatis, folia fertili longius (17 cm.) stipitata, fronde deltoidea 10 em. longa, 7 cm. lata, pinnis ca. 8 utrinque, remotis, segmentis rhombo- obtusis, aequalibus, subintegris, 1 cm. longis, 0.5 em. latis soris fere mar- ginalibus, confertis, ca. 4 utrinque, ochraceis, 1 ad 2 mm. latis, indusio pallido reniformi bullato subpersistente. "Textura subcoriacea, omnino D. cochleatae aut D. chryocomae, colore pallide viridi, opaco. LUZzoN, Province of Benguet, Bued River (1837a Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 1,100 m. The affinity of this species is with D. filie mas, and more partieularly with Nephrodium cochleatum Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 6, by its dimorphism. The pinn:e of the fertile fronds are much more reduced than those of the sterile ones. "The PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 213 plant is small (always ?), with deltoid fronds, the sterile ones irregularly lobed. It has the appearance of the forma Heleopteris of D. filiv mas. The presenee of this member of the filir mas group augments the continental and temperate element in the mountains of northern Luzon, already known to be of considerable magnitude. 63. Dryopteris Balabacensis n. sp. Ampla, stipite pennae anserinae crassitie, 55 cm. longo, angulosa, nuda uti tota planta, cum rhachibus rufocastanea sive rufostraminea, fronde tripinnata deltoidea 50 cm. longa et aequaliter aut latiore, basi tripartita, pinnis 8 ad 10 infra apicem pinnatifidem valde remotis (primo interstitio 14 cm. longo) petiolatis, petiolo infimarum pinnarum 5 em. longo, pinnis infimis 30 em. et ultra longis basi 25 cm. latis, deltoideis, postice acutis, pinnula infima posteriore 13.5 cm. longa et 7 em. lata, pinnulis rrr incisolobatis, ovato-oblongis 2 cm. latis 4 ad 5 em. longis obtuse lobatis, pinnis superioribus sessilibus oblongis acumi- natis, ad basin usque ad costam incisis versus apicem lobatis, lobis extremis postice decurrentibus, oblongis acutiusculis, 8 mm. latis sinubus acutis dentatis, dentibus decumbentibus, nervis in lobis pinnatis et bi- aut trifurcatis, manifestis. 'l'extura coriacea, colore ochreo-viridi, niti- dulo, costis rufostramineis faciebus glabris, soris minutis numerosis submarginalibus mediisve, indusio nigro coriaceo-carnoso reniformi mox convoluto persistente praeditis. BALABAO (392 Mangubat) March to April, 1906. ParaAwaw (698, 712, Foz- worthy) March to April, 1906. SrBuyaAwN (25 MeGregor) July, 1904. This species belongs to the D. sparsa group but is larger than that species, its pinnz long stipitate, the base of the frond strongly tripartite, the basal pinn:e usually large and compound like the rest of the frond, stipe glabrous, indusium fleshy, convolute, black. It has the appearance of Sagenia, but the nerves are not united. 64. Dryopteris sparsa (Don) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Nephro- dium sparsum Don. Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 6. LUZON, Province of Benguet, Baguio (282 Topping) January, 1903. PALAWAN (672 Focworthy) March to April, 1906. MriNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1727 Copeland) April, 1905. Widely distributed in tropical Asia. 65. Dryopteris purpurascens (Blume) XNephrodium purpurascens Blume Enum. 169; Mett. in Ann. Lugd. Bat. 1: 227; Raciborski Pter. Buitenz. 174, non Hook. Sp. Fil. 4. t. 262. Differt a D. sparso squamis basalibus subulato-angustatis, fronde qua- dripinnatifida, pinnis infimis decompositis, magnitudine quadrupla. Icon. Hook. cit. est D. sparsa. MrwponRo, Mount Haleon (6101 Merrill) November, 1906. 'The species is also known from Java. 214 CHRIST. 66. Dryopteris subarborea (Pak.) €. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 295. XNephrodium subarboreum Bak. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 24 (1887) 259. JN. megaphyllum Bak. l. e. 22: 227. JN. incisum Copel. Polypod. Philip. 26, non Hook. Sp. Fil. 4: 133 quod est D. Boryana. MiNDANAO, Distriet, of Davao, Mount Apo (1136 Copeland) April, 1904; (1614a Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 1,800 m. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Baguio (Loher) 1897, alt. 1,400 m. The same species has been found in Borneo, Sarawak, leg. Hose, 1894; Batjan, leg. Warburg ; Celebes, Lokon, leg. Sarasin No. 719, 1894. It is related to D. filie mas, sensu latissimo, in spite of its extremely decom- pound frond and large size. In authentie specimens from Sarawak the segments are almost entire, while in those from other localities they are strongly dentate. 67. Dryopteris dissecta (Forst.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl 2 (1891) 812. Polypodium. dissectum. Forst. Prodr. 31. LuzowN, Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuiez (1297, 1311 Mangubat) August, 1906: Provinee of Laguna, Los Baiios (Loher) January, 1906; Pagsanjan (513 Topping) 1904: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles (369 Topping) May, 1904; (198 Whitford) May, 1904: without locality (36, 244 Cwuming) "Lastrea mem- branifolia JJ. Sm." in Hook Journ. Bot. 2 (1841) 412. MrwpANaoO, District of Davao, Mount Apo (1465a Copeland) October, 1904, alt. 1,200 m. A plant with blackish hairs issuing from pustules. Widely distributed in tropical Asia. 68. Dryopteris obscura (Fée) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) S812. JPhe- gopteris obscura Fée Gen. Fil. 243; Christ, Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 196. (. 5. Luzow, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling (Loher) January, 1906: Prov- inee of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo (LLoher) February, 1906: Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) March, 1903: Manila (Usteri) February, 1903. The same species is found in Annam, Quang Binh leg. Cadiére 1894, Herb. Mus. Paris 91, 126. 69. Dryopteris Preslii (Bak.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813. Nephro- diwm. Presli? Baker Syn. Fil. 272. Baker's diagnosis is suffieiently clear to satisfactorily identify this plant. It is an insular dwarfed form that seems to be related to D. obscura from its general appearance, although smaller in all its parts. BononL (354 Cwmàng) "Lastrea spectabilis J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412. 'There has been an error, apparently, in copying the label, as Lastrea spectabilis J. Sm.-— Dryopteris Syrmatica, our specimen being entirely different from the latter species. (Baker indicates No. 255 Cwming as the type of Nephrodiwm Preslii.) Endemiec. 70. Dryopteris brunnea (Wall.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 255. Polypodiwm brunneum Wall. Cat. (1828) 333. P. distans Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 2. LuzoN, Province of Benguet, Baguio (959 Barnes) May, June, 1904: District of Lepanto, Bagnen (1931 Copeland) November, 1905, alt. 2,000 m. Widely distributed in tropical Asia. 71. Dryopteris crenata (Forsk.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 8Ill. Polypodium crenatum Forsk. Fl. Aeg. Arab. 185. Luzow, Province of Benguet, Twin Peaks (6480 Elmer) June, 1904; Baguio (6595 Elmer) June, 1904; Bugias (1851 Copeland) October, 1905: Province of Rizal, Montalban (Loher) October, 1903. Widely distributed from China across tropieal Asia; Cape Verde Islands. PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 25 72. Dryopteris setigera (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) . 813. Cheilanthes setigera Blume Enum. (1828) 138. Lvuzow, without locality (1, 75, 412 Cuming) *Polypodium trichodes Reinw." J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 394: Provinee of Rizal (1084 Ramos) July, 1906; Antipolo (Guerrero) June, 1903; Tanay (2266 Merrill) May, 1903; (90 PFozworthy) January, 1906: Provinee of Cavite, Mendez Nuiüiez (1355 Manm- gubat) August, 1906: Province of Laguna, Cavinti (Loher) February, 1906: Provinee of Benguet, Daklan (1837 Copeland) Oetober, 1905; Baguio (178 Topping) January, 1903. Parawaw (282 Bermejos) January, 1906. MINDANAO, Provinee of Zamboanga (1614, 1691 Copeland) March, 1904: District of Davao (611 Copeland) March, 1904. I have previously indieated? some Philippine specimens as Phegopteris ornata (Wall.) Bedd., whieh Loher found at Montalban and on Mount Maquiling. They now appear to me to be strongly developed forms of Dryopteris setigera, and I can not identify the Philippine form with certainty with D. ornata as represented by specimens from Darjeeling (7465 Gamble) 1897. Widely distributed in China and Malaya. 73. Dryopteris setosa (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 292. Lastrea setosa Pres] Epim. (1849) 40. Polypodium setosum Presl Rel. Haenk. 1: 27, non Sw. Phegopteris hirta Christ Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 195. LUZzOoN, Province of Rizal, near Montalban (Loher) 1897, in herb. Kew.. Endemioc. 74. Dryopteris intermedia (Blume) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. PI. 2 (1891) 813. Aspidium intermedium Blume Enum. 161. Dryopteris rhodolepis C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 288, ex parte, nee Clarke Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 526, Nephrodium. LuzowN, without locality (80, 151 Cwuming) *Lastrea propinqua J. Sm." in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 412: Province of Bataan, Lamao River (1240, 1241 Borden) June, 1904; (199 Whitford) May, 1904; (363, 370 Topping) May, 1904. NEaROS, Gimagaan River (1605 Whitford) May, 1906. MrwDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1465e, 1765d, Copeland) April, 1905. Widely distributed in tropical Asia. Var. Mannii (Hope) Lastrea Mannii Hope in Journ. Bot. 28 (1890) 145. Fronde facie fere D. filicis maris Europeae, valde elongata oblonga bipinnatifida pinnis regulariter lobatis, lobis simplicibus, pinnis infimis solummodo bipinnitifidis et postice auctis. MiwDANAO, Provinee of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1588 Copeland) January, 1905; (1649 Copeland) February, 1905, alt. 500 m. Assam, leg Mann. Var. microloba n. var. Stipite rhachique purpureis, pilis atrorubris patentibus densissime tectis, pinnulis minoribus 1.5 ad 2 cm. longis et 0.5 cm. latis, lobis con- fertis 6 utrinque, angustis 2 ad 4 mm. latis. MriNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1702 Copeland) 1905, alt. 850 m. In general appearance quite different from the type. * Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 196. 216 CHRIST. 75. Dryopteris rhodolepis (Clarke) Nephrodium rhodolepis Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 526. 1. 72. Major magisque composita quam JD. inlermedia, pilis atropurpureis basi pustulatis fere nullis sed squamis rufobrunneis subulatis, lanceolatis et ovatis mixtis, stipite rhaehi costisque abunde vestitis. LuzoN, District of Lepanto, Bagnen (1920 Copeland) November, 1905. Misw- DANAO, Province of Zamboanga (1773 Copeland) 1905, alt. 1,000 m. C. Christensen has erroneously identified Dryopteris intermedia (Bl.) with D. rhodolepis (Clarke) in his index Filieum, 288, as Clarke has expressed very clearly l. e. 527, distinctive characters of the latter, "primary, secondary and tertiary rachises with ovate acute subadpressed hyaline rose-mauve scales." China and British India, Himalayan region. 76. Dryopteris Copelandi n. sp. Differt a D. intermedia absentia pilorum atropurpureorum basi pustu- latorum, indumento squamato, fronde postice non aucta, pinnis angustis minoribus, segmentis minoribus denticulatis. Potius D. spinulosae quam D. intermediae appropinquanda. HRhizomate uti videtur obliquo pauca folia emittente, stipite pennae corvinae crassitie rufostramineo, 30 cm. longo, cum rhachi eostisque abunde squamulis minimis: setiformibus strigillosis rufobrunneis obtecto nec non squamis ovatis obtusis 0.5 cm. et ultra longis et latis diaphanis dilute brunneis vestito, fronde deltoideo- oblonga 40 cm. longa 30 cm. lata tripinnata, pinnis ovato-oblongis inferioribus breviter petiolulatis remotis (infimo intervallo 7 cm.) acumi- natis basi vix attenuatis, utrinque ca. 15 infra apicem, pinnis infimis postice vix auctis, pinnula basali posteriore sequente breviore, pinnulis ca. 15 utrinque, approximatis, 4 cm. longis, 1.5 cm. latis, valde regulariter fere usque ad costam pinnatis, segmentis HI subinaequalibus, basi sub- decurrentibus, rhombeo-oblongis 6 mm. longis 3 mm. latis obtusissimis, 10 utroque latere, regulariter dentatis, dentibus ca. 5 utrinque acutius- culis, nervis pinnatis, furcatis, soris rufobrunneis numerosis ca. 3 utrin- que, exindusiatis, faciebus pilis albidis numerosis pubescentibus, textura flaecide herbacea, colore laete virente. LuzoN, Distriet of Lepanto, Mount Data (1887 Copeland) October, 1905, alt. 2,250 m. 1T. Dryopteris Rizalensis n. sp. Rhizomate brevi crasso, squamarum rigidarum 1 em. longarum seti- formium brunnearum coma dense vestito. Stipitibus subfasciculatis pennae corvinae crassitie, suleatis, 25 cm. longis atrocastaneis squamis setiformibus atropurpureis patentibus flexuosis 6 mm. longis dense ves- titis, fronde 32 em. longa, basi 20 em. lata elongato-deltoidea, basi bipinna- tifida caeterum pinnata, pinnis falcatis acutis 7 ad 8 utrinque infra apicem ineisum, infimis petiolulatis remotis, basi postice auctis 19 em. longis, 5 em. latis deltoideo-elongatis, caeteris lanceolato-oblongis 10 em. longis, 3.5 cm. latis, superioribus deecurrenti-adnatis, ad basin profunde, supra ad PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. Zl mediam et tertiam partem lobatis, costis omnibus late alatis, lobis obtusis subintegris, ca. 10 utrinque 1.5 ad 2 cm. longis 1 cm. latis, rhachi costis nervisque squamulis brevibus setiformibus aut lanceolatis brunneis pubescentibus, nervis in lobis pinnatis furcatisque flexuosis, soris in lobis pluribus usque ad 6 utrinque medialibus minutis, 0.5 mm. latis, pallide fuscis, indusio reniformi flaccido griseo mox evanido. Textura Werbacea, colore pallide virente. MiwNDANAO, Province of Zamboanga, San Ramon (1649 Copeland) February, 1905: District of Davao, Mount Apo (1465b Copeland) October, 1904. A smaller form from Mabaeal, Province of Rizal, Luzow (Loher) March, 1906. The affinity of this species is with Dryopteris intermedia and D. obscura, but is less compound, the basal pinnz being only bipinnatifid, the pinnz and lobes broad. SUPPLEMENT. 27a. Dryopteris granulosa (Presl) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 269. Polypodium gra- nulosum Presl| Reliq. Haenk. 1. 24 t. 4 f. 2. 1825. Differt a D. otaria (Kze. Mett.) pinnis crenato-dentatis nec profunde lobatis, dentibus integris nee spinuloso-serrulatis, nervis conspicuis fere omnibus junctis e£ nurvulum-rectum sursum emittentibus, soris minutis exindusiatis. acie rugosa. D. ofaria differt pinnis lobatis, lobis aris- tato-ciliatis aut serratis, nervis magis abliquis inconspicuis, inferiorbus solummodo junctis, soris majoribus manifeste indusiatis. Facie glabra. PaALAWAN (863 Foazworthy) May, 1906. BaraBAC (413 Mangubat) March, 1906. The same plant but larger from Indo-China leg. P. Eberhardt. 54744— —5 PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES—Concluded. (Coneluded from second page of cover.) . No. 32, 1905.—Biological Laboratory: I. Intestinal Haxmorrhage as a Fatal Complica- tion in Amoebie Dysentery and Its Association with Liver Abscess. By Richard P. Strong, M. D. IL The Action of Various Chemical Substances upon Cultures of Amebae. By J. B. Thomas, M. D., Baguio, Benguet. Biological and Serum Laboratories: III. The Pathology of Intestinal Amcoebiasis. By Paul G. Woolley, M. D., and W. E. Musgrave, M. D. No. 33, 1905, Biological Laboratory.—Further Observations on Fibrin Thrombosis in the Glomerular and in Other Renal Vessels in Bubonic Plague. By Maximilian Herzog, No. 34, 1905.—I. Birds from Mindoro and Small Adjacent Islands. II. Notes on Three Rare Luzon Birds. By Richard C. McGregor. : No. 35, 1905.—1. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, IV. II. Notes on Cuming's Philippine Plants in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Government Laboratories. 1II. Hackel, *Notes on Philippine Grasses." IV. Ridley, ''Scitiminez Philippinenses." V. Clarke, *Philippine Acanthacez." By Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. No. 36, 1905.—1A Hand-List of the Birds of the Philippine Islands. By Richard C. MeGregor and Dean C. Worcester. The previous publications of the Bureau were given out as bulletins in serial number pertaining to the entire Bureau. These publications, if they are desired, can be obtained by applying to the librarian of the Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I., or to the Director of the Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I. Correspondents will confer a favor by returning to the Bureau any previous publications which they may have in duplicate, as a number of bulletins are now out of print. : LIST OF PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE MINING BUREAU (NOW DIVISION - OF MINES OF THE BUKEAU OF SCIENCE). 1890.—Descripción física, geológica y minera en bosquejo de la Isla de Panay por D. Enrique Abella y Casariego, Inspector General de Minas del Archipiélago. 1890.—Memoria descriptiva de los manantiales minero-medicinales de la Isla de Luzon, estudiados por la comisión compuesta de los Seüores D. José Centano, Ingeniero de Minas y Vocal Presidente, D. Anacleto del Rosario y Sales, Vocal Farmacéutico, y D. José de Vera y Gómez, Vocal Médico. * 1893.—Estudio Descriptivo de-algunas manantiales minerales de Filipinas ejecutado por la comisión formada por D. Enrique Abella y Casariego, Inspector General de Minas, D. José de Vera y Gómez, Médico, y D. Anacleto del Rosario y Sales, Farmacéutico ; precidido de un prólogo escrito por el Exemo. Sr. D. Angel de Avilés, Director General de Administración Civil. 1893.—Terremotos experimentados en la Isla de Luzón durante los meses de Marzo y Abril de 1892, especialmente desastrosos en Pangasinán, Unión y Benguet. Estudio ejecu- tado por D. Enrique Abella y Casariego, Inspector General de Minas del Archipiélago. 1901.—The Coal Measures of the Philippines. Charles H. Burritt. 1902.—Abstract of the Mining Laws (in force in the Philippines, 1902). Charles H. Burritt. 1902, Bulletin No. 1.—Platinum and Associated Rare Metals in Placer Formations. H. D. MeCaskey, B.'S. RE — 1903.—Report of the Chief of the Mining Bureau of the Philippine Islands. Charles H. Burritt. 1 ] 1903, Bulletin No. 2.—OComplete List of Spanish Mining Claims Recorded in the Mining Bureau. Charles H. Burritt. 1903, Bulletin No. 3.—Report on a Geological Reconnoissance of the Iron Region of Angat, Bulacan. .H. D. McCaskey, B. S. — ! ; er 1904.—Fifth Annual Report of the Mining Bureau. H. D. MeCaskey. . c TEREN 1905.—Sixth Annual Report of the Chief of the Mining Bureau. H. D. McCaskey. : js ded 1905, Bulletin No. 4.—A. Preliminary Reconnoissance of the Mancayan-Suyoc Mineral me Region, Lepanto, P. I. A. J. Eveland, Geologist. JAN à ims 1905, Bulletin No. 5.—The Coal Deposits of Batan Island. . Warren D. Smith, B. S5: M. A,, Geologist. Hs LIST OF PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE ETHNOLOGICAL SURVEY (NOW DIVISION 0F ETHNOLOGY, BUREAU OF SCIENCE). , (For sale at Bureau of Printing.) P : tw Vol.I.—The Bontoc Igorot, by Albert Ernest Jenks. "Paper, P4.50; half Morocco, P7. Vol. II, Part i.—Negritos of Zambales, by William Allen Reed. Paper, P1.250; half » Morocco, £3.15. : y Vot. II, Part 2 and Part 3.—The Nabaloi Dialect, by Otto Scheerer. "The Bataks of EAD Palawan, by Edward Y. Miller. (Bound also in one volume with Part 1, Negritos of |. Zambales.) Paper, P1.25; half Morocco, P3.75. Combined half Morocco, P5. gp * Vol. IlI.—BRelaciones Agustinianas de las razas del Norte de Euzon, by Perez. Not listed by Bureau of Printing. T € uL uem : Vol TV, Part 1.—Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion, by Najeeb M. Saleeby.: ans m Paper, P0.75; half Morocco, P3.25. - oe or zJE X P? 1 E "i PPM: 1The first four bulletins in the ornithological series were published by The Ethnologiceal ^ Survey under the title "Bulletins of the Philippine Museum." The other ornithological NEL publications of the Government appeared as publications of the Bureau of Government — Laboratories. ENG i ds j s. i^. ez um l 2 REN - * The Philippine Journal of Science Edited by PAUL C. FREER, M. D., Ph. D. Co-editors: : RICHARD P. STRONG, Ph. 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