A Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells edited by J. Athersuch, D. J. Horne, A. R. Lord, D. J. Siveter, and J. E. Whittaker Published under the aegis of the British Micropalaeontological Society, London ISSN 0952-7451 Editors Dr J. Athersuch, StrataData Ltd., 16 Ottershaw Park, Ottershaw, Surrey KT16 OGQ. Dr D J. Horne, School of Earth Sciences, University of Greenwich, Walburgh House, Bigland Street, London El 2NG. Professor A.R. Lord, Department of Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC IE 6BT. Dr David J. Siveter, Department of Geology, The University, Leicester LEI 7RH. Dr J.E. Whittaker, Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. Editorial Board Dr J.-P. Colin, Esso Production Research - European, 213 Cours Victor Hugo, 33321 Begles, France. Dr M.A. Ayress, Department of Geology, The Australian National University, G.P.O. Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Dr W. Hansch, Naturhistorisches Museum, Kramstrasse 1, 74072 Heilbronn, Germany. Prof. R. Lundin, Department of Geology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, U.S.A. Dr R.E.L. Schallreuter, Universitat Hamburg, Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. Prof. N. Ikeya, Institute of Geosciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422, Japan. Officers of the British Micropalaeontological Society Chairman Professor A.R. Lord, Department of Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT. Secretary Dr J.B. Riding, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG. Treasurer Dr I.P. Wilkinson, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG. Journal Editor Professor J.W. Murray, Department of Geology, The University, Southampton S09 5NH. Newsletter Editor Dr A.J. Powell, Millenia Ltd., Unit 3, Weyside Park, Newman Lane, Alton, Hampshire GU34 2PJ. Conodont Group Chairman Dr S.J. Tull, Cambridge Arctic Shelf Programme, West Building, Gravel Hill, Huntington Road, Cambridge CB3 ODJ. Conodont Group Secretary Dr I.J. Sansom, School of Earth Sciences, The University, Birmingham B15 2TT. Foraminifera Group Chairman Dr M.D. Simmons, BP Exploration Operating Company Ltd., 4/5 Long Walk, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB11 IBP. Foraminifera Group Secretary Dr S.R. Packer, Millenia Ltd., Unit 3, Weyside Park, Newman Lane, Alton, Hampshire GU34 2PJ. Ostracod Group Chairman Dr N.R. Ainsworth, Riley Associates, 2 Millers Rise, St. Albans, Herts AL1 1QW. Ostracod Group Secretary Dr I.D. Boomer, Institute of Earth Studies, The University of Wales, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Dyfed SY23 3DB. Palynology Group Chair Professor D.J. Batten, Institute of Earth Studies, The University of Wales, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Dyfed SY23 3DB. Palynology Group Secretary Dr D. McLean, Department of Earth Sciences, The University, Sheffield SI 3JD. Calcareous Nannofossil Group Chairman Dr J. Burnett, Department of Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT. Calcareous Nannofossil Group Secretary Ms D. Windley, Department of Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT. Instructions to Authors Contributions illustrated by scanning electron micrographs of Ostracoda in stereo-pairs are invited. Format should follow the style set by the papers in this issue. Descriptive matter apart from illustrations should be cut to a minimum; preferably each plate should be accompanied by only one page of text. Blanks to aid in mounting figures for plates may be obtained from any one of the Editors or Editorial Board. Completed papers should be sent to one of the Editors. All contributions submitted for possible publication in the Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells are reviewed by an appropriate international specialist. The front cover shows the holotype (RV) of Ilyocypris quinculminata Sylvester-Bradley, 1973, from the Hoxnian Interglacial (Pleistocene) of Trysull, Staffordshire, England, The Natural History Museum, London (BMNH) no. Io 5542. Described and illustrated in the very first issue of the Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells (1 (15) 85-88) by its founder, the late Professor P.C. Sylvester-Bradley. Rephotographed by J.E. Whittaker. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (1) 1-4 (1994) Trispinatia rusconii (1 of 4) 595.337.2 (113.312) (82 : 164.070.31): 551.351 + 552.54 ON TRISPINATIA RUSCONII (DE GARCIA & PROSERPIO) by Roger E. L. Schallreuter (University of Hamburg, Germany) Genus TRISPINATIA gen. nov. Type-species: Shivaella rusconii de Garcia & Proserpio, 1978 Derivation of name: With reference to the three spines on the carapace; two on the right valve, one on the left valve. Diagnosis: Both valves with a posteriorly directed spine in the centrodorsal region; the right valve has an additional, posteriorly directed spine in the posterocentral region. Left valve has two stop-pegs internally, in the antero- and posterocentral regions. Remarks: Trispinatia belongs to the group of Ordovician podocopes which are characterized by two stop- pegs (see PI. 21, 2, fig. 3; PI. 21, 4, fig. 3) in the larger left valve (“Ordovician metacopes’’). Trispinatia is distinguished from all similar genera by the presence of two dorsal spines. Trispinatia rusconii (de Garcia & Proserpio, 1978) 1972 Balticella ? sp. 1; B. Baldis & E.R. de Garcia, Revta esp. Micropaleont., 4, 21-22, fig. 2.5. 1978 Shivaella rusconii or rusconi n.sp., E.R. de Garcia & C. Proserpio, Ameghiniana, 15, 396-397, 403, pi. 1, figs. 2a-b ( non pi. 3, fig. 1 as mentioned on p. 396). Explanation of Plate 21, 2 Fig. 1, LV ext. lat. (GPIMH 3610b, 1.01 mm long); Fig. 2, RV ext. lat. (GPIMH 3610d, 1.25 mm long); Fig. 3, LV int. lat. (GPIMH 3611, 1.13 mm long). Scale A (250 pm; x70), fig. 1; scale B (250 /rm; x65), fig. 2; scale C (250 /jm; x50), fig. 3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 3 Trispinatia rusconii (3 of 4) 1979 Shivaella ; G. Furque, Bol. Serv. geol. nac. Argentina, 164, 24. 1979 Shivaella', R.E.L. Schallreuter, Mitt, geol .-palaont . Inst. Univ. Hamburg, 51, 11. 1986/7 Shivaella rusconii Rossi de Garcia & Proserpio; E.K. Kempf, Sonderveroff. geol. Inst. Univ. Koln, 50, 693, 1986a; 51, 518, 1986b; 52, 670, 1987. Holotype: Type locality: Diagnosis: Figured specimens: Distribution: Departamento Investigaciones de Base (Paleontologia) del Servicia Geologico Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Paleontologia no. 203; a left valve. Hoja 18c — San Jose de Jachal, San Juan, Argentina, approximately long. 68° 49' W, lat. 30° 18' S; Los Azules Formation, Llanvirn or Llandeilo Series, Ordovician. As for genus, which is presently monotypic. Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Hamburg (GPIMH) nos. 3610a (LV: PI. 21, 4, fig. 1), 3610b (RV: PI. 21, 2, fig. 1), 3610c (RV: PI. 21, 4, fig. 2), 3610d (LV: PI. 21, 2, fig. 2), 3611 (LV: PI. 21, 2, fig. 3), and 3612 (LV: PI. 21, 4, fig. 3). All of the specimens are from Quebrada Las Aguaditas, San Juan Provence, Argentina; long. 69°10.5'W, lat. 30°19'S; type section of the Las Aguaditas Formation, Llanvirn or Llandeilo Series. Samples Lehnert SE- CON 8 (GPIMH 3611), 166 (GPIMH 3612) and 159 (all other specimens). Known only from type region, Ordovician of Argentina. Explanation of Plate 21, 4 Fig. 1, LV ext. lat. (GPIMH 3610a, 1.47 mm long); Fig. 2, RV ext. lat. (GPIMH 3610c, 1.54 mm long); Fig. 3, LV int. lat. (GPIMH 3612, 1.47 mm long). Scale A (250 /um; x45), fig. 1; scale B (250 pm; x60), fig. 2; scale C (250 pm; x35), fig. 3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (2) 5-8 (1994) Moeckowia rava (1 of 4) 595.336 (113.312) (430 : 161.013.54): 551.351 + 552.55 ON MOECKOWIA RAVA (SARV) by Roger E.L. Schallreuter (University of Hamburg, Germany) Moeckowia rava (Sarv, 1959) 1956 Primitia rava sp. n., L.I. Sarv, Eesti Tead. Akad. Geol. Inst. Uurimused, 1, 32, pi. 1, figs. 1-4, table 1. 1959 Levisulculus ? rava (Sarv); L.I. Sarv, ibid. , 4, 42-53, 194, pi. 7, figs. 2-4, table 2 (p. 186), 4. 1959 Primitia rava Sarv; S.A. Levinson, Micropaleontology, 5, 259. 1960 Levisulculus (?) rava (Sarv); R.M. Mannil, Eesti Tead. Akad. Geol. Inst. Uurimused, 5, 109, tables 1 (p. 96), 2. 1964 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); R.E.L. Schallreuter, Ber. geol. Ges. D.D.R., 9, 389. 1967 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); R.E.L. Schallreuter, Geologie, 16, 615. 1968 Moeckowia rava; R.E.L. Schallreuter, Ber. dt. Ges. geol. Wiss. (A), 13, 178. 1968 Levisulculus cf. rava (Sarv); V.S. Krandievsky, Dopov. Akad. Nauk ukr. RSR, (B), 1968, 16. 1969 Levisulculus cf. rava (Sarv); V.S. Krandievsky, ibid. , 1969, 873. 1970 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); A. Roomusoks, Stratigrafija viruskoj i char’juskoh serij (ordovik) Severnoj Estonii, 1, 305, 312, 325, table 16 (p. 322), 17 (p. 330). 1973 Levisulculus ? rava (Sarv); A.I. Neckaja, Trudy VNIGRI, 324, 66. 1974 Primitia rava-, V. Nestor, Paleontoloogiliste kogude kataloog, 74. 1975 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); R.E.L. Schallreuter, Palaeontographica, (A), 149, 154, 156. 1976 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); V. Jaanusson, In: Bassett, M.G. (ed.), The Ordovician System: Proc. Palaeont. Assoc. Symp., Birmingham 1974, fig. 11 (log). 1979 Levisulculus rava (Sarv); V.A. Ivanova, Trudy paleont. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 172, 102, 103, 104, pi. 7, fig. 2. 1979 Levisulculus! rava (Sarv); N.V. Sidaraviciene, Evoljucija, sistematika, ekologija ostrakod i voprosy biostratigrafii, 72. Explanation of Plate 21, 6 Figs. 1-3, 9 LV (AGH G117-1, 1.43 mm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent.; fig. 3, ext. dors. Scale A (250 /rm; x63), fig. 1; scale B (250 pm; x58), figs. 2, 3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 7 Moeckowia rava (3 of 4) 1980 Levisulculus ? rava (Sarv); N. Sidaraviciene & S. Sauleniene, Eesti Tead. Akad. Toimetised, 29, 129, fig. p. 126 (log). 1985 Moeckowia rava; R.E.L. Schallreuter, Mitt, geol-palaont. Inst. Univ. Hamburg, 59, 103. 1987 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); R.E.L. Schallreuter, Neues Jb. Geol. Palaont. (Abh.), 174, 34. 1988 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); L. Polma, L. Sarv & L. Hints, Litologija i fauna tipovych razrezov karadokskogo jarusa v Severnoj Estonii, 60, 67, 77, 81, 87, figs. 28, 30, 35, 37 (logs). 1989 Moeckowia rava; T. Meidla & D. Pak, Rezul’taty i perspektivy v kolicestvennoj stratigrafie (Red. A.N. Oleynikov & M. Rubel), figs. 1, 2, 5 (pp. 130, 131, 133) (logs). 1992 Moeckowia rava (Sarv); N. Sidaraviciene, Ostrakody ordovika Litvy, 139, 140, 243, pi. 35, fig. 11. Holotype: Type locality: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: Remarks: Distribution: Explanation of Plate 21, 8 Fig. 1, tecnomorphic LV (AGH G117-2, 1.33 mm long), ext. lat. Fig. 2, posteriorly incomplete 9 RV (AGH G117-3, 1.18 mm long), ext. lat. Scale A (250 pm; x73), fig. 1; scale B (250 pm; x78), fig. 2. Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituut Museum Tallinn, Estonia, no. OS 2010; tecnomorphic carapace. Oandu, Estonia; approximately lat. 59°16'N, long. 27°00'E. Oandu stage (D3), Caradoc Series, Ordovician. Archiv fiir Geschiebekunde, Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Hamburg (AGH), Germany, nos. G117-1 (9 LV: PI. 21, 6, figs. 1-3), G117-2 (tecnomorphic LV: PI. 21, 8, fig. 1), G117-3 (9 RV: PI. 21, 8, fig. 2). All specimens are from Macrourus limestone Geschiebe (erratic boulder) no. 12B9 from Klein-Zastrow near Greifswald, Germany; lat. 54° 1.5'N, long. 13° 18' E. Age: D3, Ordovi- cian (Schallreuter, 1967, op. cit.). Moeckowia species with length up to 1.43 mm. Distinct dorsal ridge (plica). Preadductorial node relatively weak. Reticulation irregularly distributed. Moeckowia rava is distinguished from congeneric species (M. moeckowbergensis Schallreuter, 1964, op. cit., 389; M. harena Schallreuter, 1987, op. cit., 34; M. tarda (Henningsmoen, 1954, Norsk geol. Tidsskr., 33, 92) mainly by the form of its dorsal plica and/or its surface ornamentation. Caradoc Series, Ordovician of Europe. Estonia: D3 — lower E. Lithuania: D3 — lower Fia. N Germany: Macrourus limestone Geschiebe of D3 age. Possibly also in W Podolia: unit a, about D2 — Fia. i v * ate aSP#'*^ ipp; ■■■..'■■.. . Vfr.\<3» i'M: iisgii V i: ?---Vji ,:;Sn Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (3) 9-12 (1994) Cambria sibirica (1 of 4) 595.330 (113.22) (57 : 161.117.63): 551.351 + 552.54 ON CAMBRIA SIBIRICA NECKAJA & IVANOVA by Mark Williams, David J. Siveter, Ingelore Hinz-Schallreuter & Ludmila Melnikova (University of Leicester, England; University of Hamburg, Germany; Palaeontological Institute, Moscow) Genus CAMBRIA Neckaja & Ivanova, 1956 Type-species (by original designation): Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova, 1956 Cambriidae with prominent anterior lobe adjacent to anterior cardinal corner and confluent with posterior lobe via an arcuate connecting lobe. Valve, posterodorsal of anterior lobe is inflated to form a faint swelling and the dorsal outline is projected to form a cusp. Adventral ridge developed between cardinal corners. The Cambriidae of Lee, 1975 (Prof. Pap. Stratigr. Palaeont., 2, 37-72) are subamplete to postplete bradoriids with a dorsal cusp, an adventral ridge and up to three lobes, which may be confluent via connecting lobes (see Hou, S. & Shu, D., Cambrian Bradoriida of South China. Northwest Univ. Publ. House, Xi’an, 1-251, 1985; Shu, D. Cour. Forschlnst. Senckenberg, 123, 322, 1990). Siveter et at. (Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 21, 13-16, 1994) demonstrate ontogenetic changes in valve outline and lobation for a Cambria species, but in general little is known of the ontogenetic and intraspecific variation of cambriids. Features used for distinguishing cambriid genera include the number and position of lobes, the presence of a dorsal cusp and the development and position of the connecting lobe and adventral ridge. Auriculatella Tan, 1980 may differ from Cambria by having three lobes, The similar Chuanbeiella Hou & Peng (in Hou & Shu, 1985) and Shangsiella Lee, 1975 differ from Cambria in the position of lobes and by having a less well defined anterior lobe. In Paracambria Hou & Shu, 1985 the connecting lobe is not confluent with the posterior lobe. Lower Cambrian of E Siberia and China (see Hou & Shu, 1985) and possibly in the lower Cambrian Buen Formation of Greenland (Siveter & Williams, in preparation). Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova, 1956 1956 Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova sp. nov., Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 111, 1096, figs. la-d. 1961 C. sibirica; P.C. Sylvester-Bradley in R.C. Moore et. at.. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Q, Arthropoda, Kansas Univ. Press, Q102, Fig. 40. Diagnosis: Remarks: Distribution: Explanation of Plate 21, 10 Figs. 1-3, (holotype, N1117/1, 6.65 mm long); fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, obi. vent.; fig. 3, obi. dors. Scale A (900 pm; x 12), figs. 1-3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 11 Cambria sibirica (3 of 4) 1964 Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova; V.A. Ivanova, Paleont. Zh., 1964, 111, fig. le. 1985 Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova; Hou, S. & Shu, D., op. cit., 194, pi. 25, fig. 15. 1990 C. sibirica; L. Melnikova in A.F. Abushik et at., Practical Manual on Microfauna of USSR, 4, Paleozoic Ostracoda, Nedra, Leningrad, 44, pi. 1, fig. 4. Holotype: Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, no. N1117/1; a left valve. Type locality: Left bank of the Botoma River, 4 km from the mouth of the Char’ya-Uryach River, E Siberia, Russia, approximately lat. 63°05'N, long. 117°51'E; Atdabanian Stage, lower Cambrian. Figured specimens: Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, nos. N1117/1 (holotype, LV: PI. 21, 10, figs. 1-3) and N1117/2 (paratype, LV: PI. 21, 12, figs. 1, 2). Both specimens are from the type locality and horizon. Diagnosis: Species of Cambria with well developed posterior and anterior lobes joined by a narrow connecting lobe below a broad sulcus. Adventral ridge continuous between cardinal corners, confluent with valve margin anteriorly, curves away and becomes more distal from valve margin ventrally and posteriorly. Remarks: C. sibirica differs from Cambria melnikovae (Siveter et al., op cit., 1994) by its much narrower connecting lobe, the position of the adventral ridge and by the development of granulose ornament on the lateral surface. Both C. sibirica and C. melnikovae have a dorsal cusp anterior of the main sulcus immediately ventral of which is a faint swelling. The latter is sited in a similar position to a well defined lobe in Auriculatella zhangshanensis Hou & Shu, 1985. Some species assigned to Cambria appear to differ more greatly from C. sibirica (e.g. Cambria chinensis Hou & Shu, 1985, pi. 25, figs. 1-4) than species currently assigned to other cambriid genera (e.g. A. zhangshanensis Hou & Shu, 1985, pi. 24, figs. 1-3). Based on their original illustrations it is unclear whether C. chinensis has a connecting lobe between the anterior and posterior lobes; furthermore its adventral ridge appears undeveloped posteriorly. Similarly, figures of Cambria sichuanensis Hou & Shu, 1985 (pi. 25, figs. 5-7) show no convincing connecting lobe. Cambria egorovae Melnikova, 1983 (Paleont. Zh., 1983, 56-7, pi. 5, fig. 8) appears to have anterior, anterodorsal and posterior lobes and an adventral ridge but no prominent connecting lobe. Distribution: Atdabanian Stage, lower Cambrian, E Siberia, Russia. Acknowledgements: MW & DJS thank the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant GR/8655) for supporting this research, and the Palaeontological Institute, Moscow, for loan of material. dorsal cusp inflation Text-fig. 1. Terminology for morphological features of Cambria. Explanation of Plate 21, 12 Figs. 1, 2, LV (paratype, N1117/2, 6.25 mm long); fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, obi. dors. Scale A (900 /rm; xl2), figs. 1, 2. Cambria sibirica (2 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 12 Cambria sibirica (4 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 10 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (4) 13-16 (1994) Cambria melnikovae (1 of 4) 595.330 (113.22) (57 : 162.127.71): 551.351 +552.54 ON CAMBRIA MELNIKOVAE IVANOVA by David J. Siveter, Mark Williams & Ludmila Melnikova (University of Leicester, England & Palaeontological Institute, Moscow) Cambria melnikovae Ivanova, 1964 1964 Cambria melnikovi Ivanova sp. nov. (sic), Paleont. Zh., 1964, 111, figs. la-e. 1985 Cambria melnikovi Ivanova; Hou, S. & Shu, D., Cambrian Bradoriida of South China, Northwest Univ. Publ. House, Xi’an, pi. 26, figs. 10, 11. Holotype: Type locality: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, no. N2175/1; a left valve. Left bank of the Lena River, near the village of Chekurovka, Gory Kharaulakh, E Siberia, Russia, approximately lat. 71°04'N, long. 127°10'E; Atdabanian Stage, lower Cambrian. Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, nos. N2175/3 (paratype, RV: PI. 21, 14, figs. 1, 2), N2175/5 (paratype, LV: PI. 21, 14, fig. 3) and N2175/1 (holotype, LV: PI. 21, 16, figs. 1-3). All of the specimens are from the type locality and horizon. Species of Cambria with a broad connecting lobe of similar width to the posterior lobe; latter is bulb-like in juveniles. Explanation of Plate 21, 14 Figs. 1, 2, RV (paratype, N2175/3, 5.60 mm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, obi. vent. Fig. 3, LV, ext. lat. (paratype, N2175/5, 2.50 mm long). Scale A (1000 //m; xl2), figs. 1, 2; scale B (500 /vm; Xl7), fig. 3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 15 Cambria melnikovae (3 of 4) Remarks: Distribution: A ckn o w ledge men ts: In the holotype the exfoliated area above the connecting lobe reveals a pattern of anastomosing lines similar to those described from leperditicopid ostracods and which have been interpreted as possible remnants of vascular structures (see Berdan, J.M., Prof. Pap. U.S. geol. Surv., 1066-j, 1984; Siveter, D.J., et al., Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 20, 71-76, 1993). C. melnikovae differs from Cambria sibirica (Williams, M., et al., Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 21, 9-12, 1994) by its much broader connecting lobe, the position of the adventral ridge and by absence of granulose ornament except on the connecting lobe. Like C. sibirica, C. melnikovae also has a faint swelling immediately ventral of the dorsal cusp. Only known from the type locality and horizon. DJS and MW thank the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant GR/8655) for supporting this research and the Palaeontological Institute, Moscow, for loan of material. Explanation of Plate 21, 16 Figs. 1-3, LV (holotype, N2175/1, 7.00mm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, obi. vent.; fig. 3, obi. dors. Scale A (1000 /im; xlO), figs. 1-3. 0.80 mm long extends from an elongate ventral lobe. Valves >0.80 mm also have two anterodorsal nodes. Remarks: The morphological variation and ontogeny of Cambrian ostracods is rarely documented; distinguishing individual moult stages is difficult (see Williams, M., et al., Trans. R. Soc. Edinb., in press). Specimens of V. longispinosa figured in Hinz-Schallreuter (1993a) are juveniles. Herein we establish the main ontogenetic changes of V. longispinosa from over 120 specimens (0.38-1.92 mm long) from the type locality of the Andrarum Limestone in Scania, Sweden (Text- fig. 1). Juveniles less than 0.50 mm long (see also Hinz-Schallreuter 1993a, figs. 8.2, 8.3) lack the ventral lobe and the ventral spine projects directly from the lateral surface (PI. 21, 24, figs. 2, 4-6). In valves longer than 0.80 mm the ventral spine originates from a small ventral lobe which becomes broader in specimens longer than 1.50 mm (PL 21, 22, figs. 1, 2). Futhermore, the ventral spine is more anterior in larger valves. Nodes 1 and 2 are only apparent in valves longer than 0.80 mm (PI. 21, 22, figs. 1, 2, 5). Some of the larger specimens hint at the presence of a third node posterodorsally. The dorsal spines are most developed in small juveniles, though this may be partly a preservational factor; these spines are always incomplete and may have been much longer, as in the N American Hesslandona trituberculata Lochman & Hu (J. Paleont., 34, 1960). The valve lateral outline is preplete in specimens less than 0.80 mm long and is subamplete in larger specimens. An interdorsum, terminating in spines, is present, though is incompletely preserved in larger specimens. Explanation of Plate 21, 24 Fig. 1, car., vent. (PMU Sk78, 0.95 mm long). Fig. 2, car., LV ext. lat. (PMU Sk79, 0.42 mm long). Fig. 3, RV ext. lat. (PMU Sk80, 1.19 mm long). Fig. 4, car., dors. (PMU Sk81, 0.38 mm long). Fig. 5, car., vent. (PMU Sk82, 0.42 mm long). Figs. 6, 7, car. (PMU Sk83, 0.47 mm long): fig. 6, dors.; fig. 7, posterior dorsal spine. Scale A (250/rm; x50), fig. 1; scale B (100 /um; x95), figs. 2, 4-6; scale C (250 pm, x45), fig. 3; scale D (250/rm, x300), fig. 7. Vestrogothia longispinosa (4 of 6) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 22 Vestrogothia longispinosa (2 of 6) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 24 Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 25 Vestrogothia longispinosa (5 of 6) Zhang & Pratt ( Science , 262, 93, 1993) reported that small juveniles of two bradoriid species each had a univalved carapace, which ontogenetically developed into bivalved carapaces with a hinge. In the case of even the smallest juveniles of V. longispinosa a hinge with a narrow interdorsum is developed. The ratio of valve length to interdorsum width in V. longispinosa increases proportionally during ontogeny (Text-fig. 2). Such data can be used to test Hinz- Schallreuter’s contention (e.g. Arch. Geschiebekunde, 1 (6), 1993b) that there is a progressive reduction in the width of the interdorsum in phosphatocopines through the Cambrian. The upper Cambrian Vestrogothia steffenschneideri Hinz-Schallreuter, 1993a, known only from a single specimen 1.57 mm long, possibly differs from V. longispinosa by having a more rounded ventral lobe. Muller ( Lethaia , 12 (1), 1979) claimed a primary phosphatic nature for the phosphatocopine ostracod carapace. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (at Leicester University) of the carapace of V. longispinosa records predominantly calcium and phosphorous with minor amounts of aluminium, silica, chlorine and potassium. In the Andrarum Limestone of Scania phosphate is restricted to fossils (Berg-Madsen, Bull. geol. Soc. Denm., 34, 135, 1985). Carapaces of V. longispinosa , particularly the larger specimens, often appear incompletely preserved and the shell surface is often coarse and uneven, thus differing from the smooth, supposedly primary phosphate shown (Muller, 1979, figs. 4a, b) from some phosphatocopine valves. The incomplete preservation of our larger specimens may merely be a factor of our acid processing techniques. However, some of the phosphate might be secondary. Muller (1979) speculated that at least some phosphatocopine ostracods may have been active swimmers, possibly living in swarms, the ventral spines (e.g. V. longispinosa) serving as stabilisers during free swimming. The convex ventral surface of the carapace may also have been ill-adapted for a benthic mode of life. Distribution: Andrarum Limestone, Solenopleura brachymetopa Zone, middle Cambrian of Scania, Sweden and Bornholm, Denmark. Also from middle Cambrian glacial erratics on the isle of Riigen, Baltic Sea, Germany. Acknowledgements: MW and DJS thank the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant GR/8655) for supporting this research. Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 26 Vestrogothia longispinosa (6 of 6) 0.50cm Text-fig. 1. Summary ontogenetic changes of the carapace of V. longispinosa: a, juvenile with preplete carapace but no nodes or ventral lobe; b, juvenile showing development of nodes (Nl, N2) and expansion of the base of the lateral spine; c, adult with subamplete carapace, well developed nodes and expanded ventral lobe (VL). All left valves. 0.12 1 ai •| 0.08 £ | 0.06 CJ _H 0.04 0.02 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Valve length (mm) Text-fig. 2. Valve length plotted against the width of the interdorsum for seven specimens of V. longispinosa with a well preserved interdorsum (all <1.00 mm long). Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (7) 27-30 (1994) Kuiperiana bathymarina (1 of 4) 595.337.14 (119.1) (265.7: 163.161.31): 551.352 + 552.52 ON KUIPERIANA BATHYMARINA AYRESS, COLES & WHATLEY sp. nov. by Michael A. Ayress, Graham P. Coles & Robin C. Whatley (Department of Geology, Australian National University, Canberra, The Geochem Group, Chester, England & Institute of Earth Studies, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, U.K.) Kuiperiana bathymarina sp. nov. 1987 Heinia sp. 2; R.C. Whatley & G.P. Coles, Revta esp. Micropaleont . , 19, pi. 4, fig. 25. Holotype: Type locality: Derivation of name: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: National Museum of Victoria, Australia no. P197952. Tasman Sea, SONNE Cruise SO-36, core 61, interval 8. 5-9. 5 cm, lat. 30°33.017'S, long. 161°26.294'E, west Lord Howe Rise, present day dater depth 1343m. Late Pleistocene foraminiferal ooze. Referring to the occurrence of this species in the deep-sea. National Museum of Victoria, Australia nos. P197952 (holotype, 9 LV: PI. 21, 28, figs. 1, 2; PI. 21, 30, fig. 2) and P197953 (paratype, o* RV: PI. 21, 28, figs. 3, 4; PI. 21, 30, figs. 1, 3, 4), both from type locality from intervals 8. 5-9. 5 cm and 4. 0-5. 0 cm, respectively. A small, rectangular species of Kuiperiana with narrow striated flange around free margin. External valve surface primarily and secondarily reticulate; primary fossae polygonal, muri weak over anterior and posterior compressed regions, secondary fossae circular. Horizontal muri tend to Explanation of Plate 21, 28 Figs. 1, 2, 9 LV (holotype, P197952, 288 pm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, int. lat. Figs. 3, 4, o' RV (paratype, P197953, 286 pm long): fig. 3, ext. lat.; fig. 4, ext. dors. Scale (100 pm; x220), figs. 1-4. Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 29 Kuiperiana bathymarina (3 of 4) Remarks: Distribution: A ckn o w led gem en ts: dominate especially just ahead of centre, forming short subparallel ridges. Four longitudinal ridges: dorsal ridge thickest posteriorly; upper median ridge with “L” shaped branch variably developed anterodorsally; lower median ridge extends over maximum inflation of valve ventro- laterally; and ventral ridge. Shallow vertical median sulcus. Weak snap-knob and pit close to selvage at oral incurvature. Males slightly more elongate than females. This species is conspicuous among other deep-sea loxoconchids by virtue of its small size and distinct pattern of surface ridges and reticulation. It is similar to Loxoconcha moncharmonti Ciampo (1971, Boll. Soc. paleont. ital., 15 (1), pi. 22, fig. 9) from the Miocene-Pliocene of Italy, but differs from that species in its ridge pattern and its more regular postero-ventral outline. North Atlantic and Coral Sea specimens are larger (specimen lengths of 0.39-0.48 mm) than the Tasman Sea specimens illustrated here, and also have a somewhat stronger “L” shaped antero-dorsal ridge. Although rare, this species is widely distributed in the deep-sea. We have recorded it in the Middle Miocene and Pleistocene of the Lord Howe Rise, Tasman Sea (present day water depth 1343 m), the Late Pleistocene of the Coral Sea (present day water depth 1428 m) and in the Middle Eocene to Early Pliocene of the central North Atlantic (present day water depths 2513-3007 m). The staff of the Electron Microscope Unit of ANU are thanked for their assistance. Explanation of Plate 21, 30 Figs. 1, 3, 4, cr RV (paratype, P197953, 286 pm long): fig. 1, int. lat.; fig. 3, subcentral muse. sc. detail; fig. 4, post, hinge. Fig. 2, LV 9 (paratype, P197952, 288 pm long), post, terminal hinge elements. Scale A (100 pm; x220), fig. 1; scale B (20pm; X1150), fig. 2; scale C (20 pm; X1000), fig. 3; scale D (10/rm; X1300), fig. 4. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 28 Kuiperiana bathy marina (2 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (8) 31-34 (1994) Parahemingwayella ginginensis (1 of 4) 595.337.14 (116.333.3) (941 : 163.116.33): 551.35 + 552.54 ON PARAHEMINGWAYELLA GINGINENSIS BOOMER & WHITTAKER sp. nov. by Ian Boomer & John E. Whittaker (Institute of Earth Studies, University of Wales, Aberystwyth & Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, London) Parahemingwayella ginginensis sp. nov. 1975 Trachy leberis pennyi sp. nov., J. W. Neale (pars). Spec. Pap. Palaeont., 16, 64, pi. 9, fig. 4, text-figs. 14e, f only (non pi. 11, figs. 1-3, text-figs. 14a-d, 15a-c). Holotype: Type locality: Derivation of name: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: The Natural History Museum, London [BMNH] no. OS 14636; adult RV. Taken from the Neale Collection, ex BMNH slide no. HU65.C5. 1.1-60, sq. 11 (formerly in the University of Hull). [Paratypes, BMNH nos. OS 14637, OS 14638], One Tree Hill, Gingin, Western Australia (approximately long. 115°52'E, lat. 32°32'S), Gingin Chalk, Santonian, Upper Cretaceous. With reference to the type locality. The Natural History Museum, London, BMNH nos. OS 14636 (holotype, adult RV: PI. 21, 51, figs. 1, 2; PI. 21, 34, figs. 1, 3, 4), OS 14637 (paratype, adult LV: PI. 21, 32, fig. 3), OS 14638 (paratype, adult LV: PI. 21, 34, fig. 2). All paratypes from same locality as holotype, taken from the Gingin Chalk, a fine-grained, white sediment. OS 14637, OS 14638 from the Neale Collection, ex BMNH slide no. HU64.C1, sq. 36 (formerly in the University of Hull). Small carapace (c. 350-400 pm long) with broadly rounded anterior margin; straight ventral and dorsal margins converge posteriorly. Carapace ornamented by a network of shallow reticulae, many short conjunctive spines Explanation of Plate 21, 32 Figs. 1, 2, adult RV (holotype, OS 14636, 385 pm long); fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, int. lat. Fig. 3, adult LV, ext. lat. (paratype, OS 14637, 380 pm long). Scale A (150/rm; xl53), figs. 1-3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 33 Parahemingwayella ginginensis (3 of 4) are present; species distinguished by a number of particularly long conjunctive spines especially along the dorsal margin, at the antero-dorsal cardinal angle and in a mid-lateral row. Anterior ornament is parallel to that margin which bears up to 6 long spines (often broken) which tend to flex ventrally. Postero-ventral flange only weakly developed. No evidence of an eye structure. Muscle scars a vertically arranged row of 4, closely spaced, elongate oval adductors; frontal scars indistinct. Hinge lophodont with finely crenulate, sinuous median element in LV; terminal elements are simple elongate structures (teeth in RV); ventral margins of terminal teeth incorporate a dorsal extension of inner lamella. Remarks: Neale erected the genus Hemingwayella (1975, op. cit. , 64), based on Santonian material from the Gingin Chalk, Western Australia, to accommodate a group of elongate cytherurid taxa with parallel dorsal and ventral margins. The carapaces were also described as having eyespots, a merodont hinge, ventral inflation and a median sulcus with a prominent antero-ventral tubercle. Dingle (1984, Ann. S. Afr. Mus, 93, 135) erected Parahemingwayella as a subgenus of Hemingwayella based on mid-Cretaceous ostracods from the Falkland Plateau. He distinguished his new taxon by its blindness and the presence of converging ventral and dorsal margins, the latter often being slightly flexed. This feature was also represented as a kink in the median hinge element. Dingle (ibid.) noted that his subgenus was known only from the early and mid Albian of the Falkland Plateau. From an extensive number of published and unpublished studies we now know that it has a global, deep-sea distribution from the Middle Cretaceous through to, at least, the Pleistocene. Our new species was originally described as the juvenile of a larger trachyleberid species (Trachy leberis pennyi) which Neale described from the Gingin Chalk. P. ginginensis is related to a group of very similarly ornamented species which have been recorded from Cenozoic deep sea sediments in the western and mid-Pacific. The group is characterised by reticulate ornament bearing short to relatively long, conjunctive spines. It includes Hemingwayella (Parahemingwayella) reticulata Dingle (1984, ibid.), the earliest known representative. That species possesses reticulate ornament with mural spines and a number of small tubercles particularly antero- and postero-dorsally which are reflected by internal depressions. Two other species are known to us, respectively from the Eocene of DSDP Site 207 (M. Ayress, pers. comm.) and the late Palaeocene of ODP Site 865B; they will be described in the near future. Explanation of Plate 21, 34 Figs. 1, 3, 4, adult RV int. (holotype, OS 14636); fig. 1, post, hinge detail; fig. 3, ant. hinge detail; fig. 4, adductor muse. sc. detail. Fig. 2, adult LV, ext. lat. (paratype, OS 14638, 400 pm long). Scale A (25 ^m; x918), figs. 1, 3; scale B (150/rm; x 153), fig. 2; scale C (38^/m; x612), fig. 4. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 32 Parahemingwayella ginginensis (2 of 4) Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 34 Parahemingwayella ginginensis (4 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (9) 35-38 (1994) Semicytherura parasella (1 of 4) 595.337.14 (118.22) (420 : 162.006.50): 551.35 ON SEMICYTHERURA PARASELLA MAYBURY sp. nov. by Caroline A. Maybury (Institute of Earth Studies, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, U.K.) Holotype: Type locality: Derivation of name: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: Semicytherura parasella sp. nov. The Natural History Museum, London [BMNH] no. OS 14628; 9 LV. [Paratypes nos. OS 14629-OS 14633]. Mixed sample, sample no. 7, Vicarage Pit, St. Erth, Cornwall, England (5° 26' W, 50° 10' N; Nat. Grid Ref. SW 556352); Upper Pliocene. Latin, referring to the similarity of the new species to Semicytherura sella (Sars, 1866) (Forh. Vidensk Selsk. Krist. 7, 73). See also Whittaker, Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 2, 85-92, 1974. The Natural History Museum, London [BMNH] nos. OS 14628 (holotype, 9 LV: PI. 21, 36, fig. 1), OS 14629 (paratype, 9 RV: PI. 21, 36, fig. 2). OS 14631 (paratype, cr LV: PI. 21, 36, fig. 3), OS 14632 (para- type, cr RV: PI. 21, 38, fig. 1), OS 14630 (paratype, 9 LV: PI. 21, 38, fig. 2), OS 14633 (9 LV: PI 21, 38, fig. 3). All paratypes are from the same sample as the holotype, with the exceptions of one paratype (OS 14631) and the ornamental variant (OS 14633) which are from sample no. 1 and 25 respectively from the type locality and horizon. See C.A. Maybury, Taxonomy, Palaeoecology and biostratigraphy of Pliocene Benthonic Ostracoda from St. Erth and NW France, unpub. PhD thesis, Univ. Wales, 1, 3-6, 1985 for 3-6, 1985 for further sample details. A small, subrectangular Semicytherura with marked posteroventral and dorsomedian depressions and an elevated, dome-shaped region anteriorly. Ornament of punctae, arranged in polygonal units, and longitudinal ridges. Eye tubercle elongate and well defined. Left valves possess an oblique ridge anterior Explanation of Plate 21, 36 Fig. 1, 9 LV, ext. lat. (holotype, OS 14628, 410 pm long); Fig. 2, 9 RV, ext. lat. (paratype, OS 14629, 400 pm long); Fig. 3, cr LV, ext. lat. (paratype, OS 14631, 450/rm long). Scale A (100 //m; x 152), figs. 1-3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 37 Semicytherura parasella (3 of 4) to the eye tubercle; right valves, a curved ridge. In both valves this ridge fades away in the region of the eye tubercle. Remarks: This species differs from S. sella (Sars) ( op . cit.) (a Pleistocene to Recent species confined to North West European waters) in its lateral outline and ornamental detail. Sars’ species has an arcuate dorsum, whereas the dorsal margin of S. parasella is straight to slightly sloped. The ventral margin of S. sella is sinuous with oral incurvature, but that of S. parasella is obliquely sloped to slightly sinuous. The posteroventral area of the valves of S. parasella is notably depressed and that of 5. sella is only slightly depressed. In S. sella the horizontal and posterodorsal oblique ridges are strongly developed, whereas in S. parasella horizontal ridges are poorly defined and, in the left valve, two of the four oblique posterodorsal ridges are absent. S. sella lacks a strongly developed eye tubercle, whereas in S. parasella it is well developed. The species exhibits some degree of variation in its ornament (see the variant illustrated in PI. 21, 38, fig. 3). Two valves with marked affinity to this species have been recovered from the Pliocene locality of Cricqueville-en-Bessin in Normandy, their poor preservation preventing their definite identification. Similarly three valves reworked from the Little Sole Formation (thought to be the chronostratigraphical equivalent of the St. Erth Beds) have been recovered from Quaternary material from the Celtic Sea and show affinity to the present species. Likewise the material illustrated by Bonaduce, Ciampo & Masoli (Pubbl. Staz. zool. Napoli, 40 Suppl., 79-80, pi. 45, figs. 1-8, 1975) as “Semicytherura sella” shows more affinity to S. parasella in shape and ornamental detail. Distribution: This species has been recovered from the Upper Pliocene deposits of St. Erth, Cornwall, England (sample nos. 1-4, 7, 10, 12-16, 18, 21-23, 25-29) and the Upper Pliocene (Redonian) deposits of Apigne (Gite d’Apigne, Le Temple du Cerisier), Beugnon (sample nos. 1-2), Le Bosq d’Aubigny (Manche) and Palluau II, NW France. See C. Maybury (op. cit.) and J.-P. Margerel, Les For amini feres du Redonien. Systematique, Repartition stratigraphique, Paleoecologie, Nantes, 1, 8-26, 1968 for details of the British and French samples respectively. Explanation of Plate 21, 38 Fig. 1, cr RV, ext. lat. (paratype, OS 14632, 450 pm long); Fig. 2, 9 LV, int. lat. (paratype, OS 14630, 410/rm long); Fig. 3, 9 LV, ext. lat. (OS 14633, 390 pm long). Scale A (100 pm; x 152), figs. 1-3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (10) 39-42 (1994) Bathycythere comitatus (1 of 4) 595.337.14 (118.21) (492 : 162.006.51): 551.351 ON BATHYCYTHERE COMITATUS WOUTERS sp. nov. by Karel Wouters (Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, Belgium) Bathycythere comitatus sp. nov. 1962 Trachyleberis sp. W.A. Bassiouni, Roemeriana , 3, 31-33, p. 3, figs. 6a-c. 1978 Bathycythere sp. K. Wouters, Een Systematische, Biostratigrafische en Paleobiologische Studie van de Ostracoda uit Miocene afzettingen in Noord-Belgie, Leuven, 1, 32, 39. Holotype: Type locality: Derivation of name: Figured specimens: Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, Belgium, no. TCTI 6224; LV. [5 paratypes: 2 LV, 2 RV, 1 car., nos. TCTI 6225-6228]. Outcrop “Stemerdink”, right bank of the Slingebeek, near Stemerdink Farm, Brinkheurne, municipality of Wintersmijk, The Netherlands; Stemerdink Bed, Aalten Member, Breda Formation, Middle Miocene. Long. 6°45'E, lat. 51°59'N. Latin comitatus, county, =graafschap in Dutch. Graafschap is one of the names used to designate the region in E Netherlands where the specimens were collected. (Used as a noun in apposition). Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, nos. TCTI 6224 (holotype, LV: PI. 21, 40, fig. 1; PI. 21, 42, figs. 1, 3); TCTI 6225 (paratype, RV: PI. 21, 40, fig. 2; PI. 21, 42, fig. 2), TCTI 6226 (paratype, car.: PI. 21, 40, fig. 3). All specimens from the same sample, at the type locality. For further details on the sample locality, see Bosch, M. van den, Cadee, M.C. & Janssen, A.W., 1975 ( Scr . geol. , 29, 23-24). Explanation of Plate 21, 40 Fig. 1, LV, ext. lat. (holotype, TCTI 6224, 820pm long); Fig. 2, RV, ext. lat. (paratype, TCTI 6225, 795 pm long); Fig. 3, car. dors. (paratype, TCTI 6226, 795 ,001 long). Scale A (200 /rm; x79), figs. 1-3. Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 41 Bathycythere comitatus (3 of 4) Diagnosis: Remarks: Distribution: A ckn o wledgemen ts: Medium sized Bathycythere with smooth antero-lateral and postero-lateral zones; central zone covered with prominent pustules and spines; narrow anterior and posterior extremities, as seen in dorsal view. B. comitatus sp. nov. resembles B. vanstraateni Sissingh, 1971 (and redescription by Sissingh, 1974, Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 2, 133-140). The former, however, differs in the pustulose ornamentation of the central zone of the valves. In dorsal view it is somewhat less inflated than B. vanstraateni ; further- more, it is a markedly smaller species (LV length, holotype, B. comitatus : 820 ^m; LV length, holotype, B. vanstraateni : 1180yum). Previously, Bathycythere was a monotypic genus with B. vanstraateni Sis- singh, 1971, as type species. Sissingh’s taxon, moreover, is a deep-sea species, originally described from the southeastern Adriatic and later recorded by several authors from other Mediterranean localities. Whatley & Ayress, 1988 (in: Hanai, T. et. al. (eds.), Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda, its Fundamen- tals and Applications, Kodansha, Tokyo, etc., 749) list B. vanstraateni among the deep-sea ostracods encountered in the Quaternary of three oceans, the North Atlantic, the Indian, and the SW Pacific Ocean. The discovery of B. comitatus in the Miocene of the Netherlands constitutes the oldest record of the genus. In the type locality the new species is accompanied by Eucytheridea rostrata Bassiouni, 1962, Muellerina latimarginata (Speyer, 1863), Henryhowella asperrima (Reuss, 1850) and by species (some of them new) of the genera Cuneocythere, Loxoconcha, Buntonia and Pterygocythereis. This association indicates a shallow, rather than a deep-sea environment. Known from the type locality, but also from Twistringen and Woltrup (near Bersenbriick), Germany, Reinbek-Dingen Schichten, Lower-Middle Miocene (Bassiouni, 1962, op. cit.), and from the Haamstede Well (depth 144-147 m), Zeeland, The Netherlands, probably Lower Miocene (coll. J.E. Noordermeer- Perreijn, Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden). Rare at the type locality and very rare elsewhere. I wish to thank K. Martens (Brussels) for reading the manuscript. Part of this research was supported by a grant from the National Fund for Scientific Research, Belgium (Project no. 2.0038.91). Explanation of Plate 21, 42 Fig. 1, LV, int. lat. (holotype, TCTI 6224, 820 pm long); Fig. 2, RV, int. lat. (paratype, TCTI 6225, 795 pm long); Fig. 3, LV, muse, sc. (holotype, TCTI 6224). Scale A (200 pm\ x79), figs. 1, 2; scale B (25 pm; x460), fig. 3. Bathycythere comitatus (2 of 4) Bathycythere comitatus (4 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 40 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 42 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (11) 43-46 (1994) Palmoconcha bitruncata (1 of 4) 595.337.14 (118.22) (493 : 161.004.51): 551.351 ON PALMOCONCHA BITRUNCATA (BRADY) by Karel Wouters (Koninlijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels , Belgium) Palmoconcha bitruncata (Brady, 1878) 1878 Loxoconcha bitruncata sp. nov., G.S. Brady, Trans, zool. Soc. Lond., 10, 399, pi. 63, figs. 2a-d. 1978 Loxoconcha bitruncata Brady; K. Wouters, Een Systematische, Biostratigrafische en Paleobiologische Studie van de Ostracoden uit Miocene afzettingen in Noord-Belgie, Leuven, 2, 259, pi. 28, figs. 3a-b, pi. 45, figs. 7a-b. Type specimen(s): Depository unknown (not with the remaining part of the Brady Collection in either the Natural History Museum, London or the Hancock Museum, Newcastle-upon-Tyne). Type locality: Antwerp (“Antwerp Crag”), in the “Sables Superieurs, Trophon-Bed” , now Lillo Formation, Upper Pliocene, and in the “Sables Moyens, Isocardium- Bed”, now Kattendijk Formation, Lower Pliocene. Figured specimens: Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, nos. TCTI 6174 (9 LV: PI. 21, 44, fig. 1), TCTI 6175 (9 RV: PL 21, 44, fig. 2), TCTI 6176 (9 LV: PI. 21, 44, fig. 3), TCTI 6177 (9 RV: PI. 21, 44, fig. 4), TCTI 6178 (o* LV: PI. 21, 46, fig. 1), TCTI 6179 (o' RV: PI. 21, 46, fig. 2), TCTI 6180 (9 car.: PI. 21, 46, fig. 3). All specimens from the Merksem Sands Member, Lillo Formation (Upper Pliocene), Churchill Dock, Antwerp (sample CK89, Leg.: P. Laga, 1966). Long. 4°25'E, lat. 51°15'N. Explanation of Plate 21, 44 Fig. 1, 9 LV, ext. lat. (TCTI 6174, 570 pm long). Fig. 2, 9 RV, ext. lat. (TCTI 6175, 610/ym long). Fig. 3, 9 LV, int. lat. (TCTI 6176, 590 am long). Fig. 4, 9 RV, int. lat. (TCTI 6177, 575 /ym long). Scale A (200 /ym; xllO), figs. 1-4. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 45 Palmoconcha bitruncata (3 of 4) Diagnosis: Remarks: Distribution: A cknowledgements: Reticulate valves with deep round fossae, forming strong reticulum; postero-distal area in male valves faintly punctate. Carapace subhexagonal in dorsal view, with blunt, truncate anterior and posterior extremities; lateral surface in postero-ventral area steeply falling towards ventral margin. Sexual dimorphism marked, with males having a different ornament and being longer than females (mean length of males: 640 //m; mean length of females: 580 /ym). Palmoconcha bitruncata is very similar to P. guttata (Norman, 1865) (Nat. Hist. Trans. Northumb. , 1 (1), 19, pi. 6, figs. 9-12), but differs from the latter by the subhexagonal outline of the carapace (when seen in dorsal view), with truncate and posterior extremities (hence the name, bitruncata). Horne & Kilenyi (1981, Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 8, 107-116) designated Cythere laevata Norman, 1865 as type species of their new genus Lindisfarnia, and included within it Cythere guttata Norman (see Athersuch & Horne, 1981, Stereo-Atlas Ostracod Shells, 8, 117-124). Athersuch & Horne (1984, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 81, 7) also tentatively assigned Loxoconcha bitruncata Brady to Lindisfarnia. In a later publication, however, Horne & Whatley (1985, Stereo- Atlas Ostracod Shells, 12, 158) recognised Lindisfarnia as a junior synonym of Palmoconcha Swain & Gilby, 1974 (Micropaleontology, 20, 325), and recommended that all species so far assigned to Lindisfarnia should be reassigned to Palmoconcha. P. bitruncata is a rare species in the Lower Pliocene (Kattendijk Formation) but is common to very common in the Upper Pliocene (Lillo Formation) at Antwerp and Meerle (N Belgium). The author is indebted to Dr P. Laga (Geological Survey of Belgium) who collected the material. Part of the research was supported by a grant from the National Fund for Scientific Research, Belgium (Project no. 2.0038.91). Explanation of Plate 21, 46 Fig. 1, o' LV, ext. lat. (TCTI 6178, 660 /ym long). Fig. 2, O' RV, ext. lat. (TCTI 6179, 640 /ym long). Fig. 3, 9 car. dors. (TCTI 6180, 590 /ym long). Scale A (200 /ym; xllO), figs. 1-3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 44 Palmoconcha bitruncata (2 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 46 Palmoconcha bitruncata (4 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (12) 47-50 (1994) Kuzminaella venusta (1 of 4) 595.339 (113.45) (57 : 161 .062.54): 551.35 + 552.54 ON KUZMINAELLA VENUSTA TSCHIGOVA by Helga Groos-Uffenorde & Vera Tschigova (University of Gottingen, Germany & VNII neft Moskow, Russia) Genus KUZMINAELLA Tschigova, 1977 Type species (by original designation): Kuzminaella venusta Tschigova, 1977 Diagnosis: Entomoprimitiinae (?) without adductorial sulcus or depression. Ribbing pattern irregular, swirling; cross-ribs developed. Distribution: Late Upper Devonian (Famennian) of Russia (Tschigova, 1977), S China (Wang, 1989) and Germany (Groos-Uffenorde, 1993). One doubtful fragmentary mould from the Lower Carboniferous of SW England (A.J. Gooday, Palaeontology , 26, 779, 1983). Kuzminaella venusta Tschigova, 1977 1977 Kuzminaella venusta sp. nov.,V.A. Tschigova, Stratigraphy and correlation of Devonian and Carboniferous oil- and gas- bearing deposits of the European part of the USSR and foreign countries, Nedra, Leningrad, 118, pi. 13, figs. 2, 4-6. 1989? Kuzminaella venusta Tschigova?; Wang Shang-qi, Bull. Nanjing Inst. geol. palaeont., 9, 63, pi. 16, figs. 2-4. 1990 Kuzminaella venusta Tschigova; V.A. Tschigova & E.A. Gusseva in: A.F. Abushik et al., (eds.), Practical Manual on Microfauna of U.S.S.R., 4, Palaeozoic Ostracoda, Nedra, Leningrad, pi. 78, fig. 2. Explanation of Plate 21, 48 Figs. 1-3, corroded adult LV on small piece of rock (holotype, 4501/3051/1, 2.2 mm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. post., slightly tilted; fig. 3, adductor muse. sc. Figs. 4, 5, juvenile LV on small piece of rock (paratype, 4501/3048/1, 1.1 mm long): fig. 3, adductor muse, field; fig. 5, ext. post. Scale A (500 pm; x33), fig. 1, 2, 5; scale B (200 gm; x85), fig. 3; scale C (200 /rm; x82), fig. 4. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 49 Kuzminaella venusta (3 of 4) Holotype: Type locality: Diagnosis: Figured specimens: Remarks: Distribution: Palaeontological Museum of the Akademii Nauk, Moscow, no. 4501/3051/1; LV on rock (cited as RV in Tschigova, 1977). Vezhayu borehole (469.0-471.8 m depth), Pretiman, Russia (lat. 54°48'N, long. 62°50'E). Lime- stone of Zelenets Horizon, Famennian, Oxyclymenia-Gonioclymenia Zone, Upper Devonian. Large Kuzminaella, lateral outline oblique oval, dorsal border nearly straight. Holotype (?hetero- morphic valve) with greatest height in front of mid-length and greatest width behind mid-length. Large aggregate muscle scar interrupting the swirling course of the ribbing. Ribbing pattern postero-dorsally loop-like, centrodorsally nearly vertical. Palaeontological Museum, Akademii Nauk, Moscow nos. 4501/3051/1 (holotype, adult LV: PI. 21, 48, figs. 1-3), 4501/3048/1 (paratype, juvenile RV: PI. 21, 48, figs. 4, 5; PI. 21, 50, fig. 1), 4501/5052/1 (paratype, juvenile LV: PI. 21, 50, figs. 2, 3). Valves on small pieces of limestone, from type locality. SEM photographs of uncoated specimens using method of Groos-Uffenorde, 1993 ( Gottinger Arb. Geol. Palaont., 58, 117). K. venusta is closely related to Kuzminaella n. sp. A (Rabien, 1954) in Groos-Uffenorde, 1993 (op. cit., 118) from the late Famennian/Upper Devonian shales of the Rheinische Schiefergebirge, Germany, but the ribbing pattern of that species is finer. Pretiman, Russia; ?South China; ?Germany. Late Famennian, late Upper Devonian. Explanation of Plate 21, 50 Fig. 1 , juvenile LV (paratype, 4501/3048/1, 1 . 1 mm long), ext. dors. Figs. 2, 3, partly broken juv. RV on small piece of rock (paratype, 4501/3052/1 approximately 1.2 mm long): fig. 2, ext. obi. vent.; fig. 3, ext. obi. dors. Scale A (500 /im; x57), fig. 1; scale B (500 pm; x50), figs. 2, 3. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 48 Kuzminaella venusta (2 of 4) Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 50 Kuzminaella venusta (4 of 4) Mi S/. " iti • illV.fcnVAS)* MM t fWTl - ^ * . •» r - v. »•• w.«.! v- w'/: fv/i • Mlw fy'/At/fi, Vi^i1 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21 (13) 51-58 (1994) Knoxina lecta (1 of 8) 595.336.21 (113.52+ 113.61) (764 : 162.101.31 +781 : 162.97.38 + 789 : 162.108.32): 551.314 + 551.35 + 551.351 ON KNOXINA LECTA CORYELL & ROGATZ by Christopher P. Dewey & Peter Kohn (Mississippi State University, Mississippi, U.S.A.) Genus KNOXINA Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 Type-species (by original designation): Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 Diagnosis: Small, subrhomboidal, bilobate to subdued trilobate carapace, with weak horizontal costae. Right valve overlaps left. Hinge with posterior and anterior stragulae. Admarginal anteroventral frill in adults. Heteromorphic (female) adults broader in posterior than tecnomorphs (males). Remarks: Knoxina has the characteristics of a typical Kloedenellacean with respect to carapace shape, hingement and dimorphism. Koxina is most closely related to Beyrichiopsis, but differs in that Beyrichiopsis has more pronounced horizontal costae and the admarginal frill is more fully developed all around the free margin. Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 1932 Knoxina lecta sp. nov., H.N. Coryell & H. Rogatz, Am. Midi. Nat., 13, 383-4, pi. 35, figs. 1-3 (see explanation pi. 34, p. 392). 1932 Knoxina elliptica sp. nov., H.N. Coryell & H. Rogatz, Am. Midi. Nat., 13, 384-5, pi. 35, figs. 4-6 (see explanation pi. 34, p. 392). 1932 Knoxina incurvata sp. nov., H.N. Coryell & H. Rogatz, Am. Midi. Nat., 13, 385-6, pi. 35, figs. 7-9 (see explanation pi. 34, p. 392). 1932 Knoxina indistincta sp. nov., H.N. Coryell & H. Rogatz, Am. Midi. Nat., 13, 386, pi. 35, figs. 10-12 (see explanation pi. 34, p. 392). 1932 Coryella stovalli sp. nov., R.W. Harris & C.G. Lalicker, Am. Midi. Nat., 13, 398, pi. 36, figs. 3a-c. 1936 Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz; B. Kellett, J. Paleont., 10, 722. 1988 Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz; D.M. Melnyk & R.F. Maddocks, Micropaleontology , 34, 37, pi. 2, fig. 2. 1988 Knoxina stovalli (Harris & Lalicker); D.M. Melnyk & R.F. Maddocks, Micropaleontology, 34, 37, pi. 2, fig. 3. 1990 Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz; P.A. Kohn & C.P. Dewey, Compass, 67, 221, pi. 1, figs. 9 & 10. Explanation of Plate 21, 52 Figs. 1-3, 9 car. (Lectotype, AMNH 27513, 760 pm long): fig. 1, LV ext. lat.; fig. 2, RV ext. lat.; fig. 3, dors. ext. Fig. 4, juv. car. MSU 3341-10a, 575 pm long), LV lat ext. Scale A (250 pm; x80), figs. 1-4 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 53 Knoxina lecta (3 of 8) Lectotype: Type locality: Figured specimens: Diagnosis: Here designated, Columbia University Paleontology Collections, no. 27513; now housed in the American Museum of Natural History. New York, U.S.A. The original slide contains five syntypes. The specimen figured in PI. 21, 52, figs. 1-3 is considered to be the only syntype figured by Coryell and Rogatz, 1932 (pi. 35, figs. 1-3) and is therefore selected as lectotype. Base of the canyon wall on the Concho River, Tome Green County, four miles E of the highway and four miles S of the town of Miles, Miles Quadrangle, Texas, U.S.A.; lat. 31°32'40"N, long. 100° 6' 50" W. Arroyo Forma- tion, Clearfork Group, Leonardian, Lower Permian; in an “ostracode ooze” (Coryell & Rogatz, op. cit., 378) within fossiliferous, yellow shale and grey limestone sequence. Shallow marine. American Museum of Natural History, U.S.A., (AMNH) slide nos. 27513 (lectotype, 9 car.: PI. 21, 52, figs. 1-3), 27514 (o* car., herein designated lectotype of K. elliptica : PI. 2154, figs. 1, 2), 27515 (juv. car., herein desig- nated lectotype of K. indistincta : PI. 21, 54, fig. 3) and 27516 (juv. car., holotype of K. incurvata : PI. 21, 54, fig. 4). Oklahoma State University, U.S.A., (OSU) no. 557 ( = OSU 7163) (juv. car., holotype of Coryella stovalli-. PI. 21, 58, figs. 1, 2). Mississippi State University, U.S.A., (MSU) nos. 3341-10a (juv. car.: PI. 21, 52, fig. 4), 3341-10b (o- car.: PI. 21, 56, figs. 1, 2), 3341-10c (9 car.: PI. 21, 56, figs. 3, 4), 3341-10d (9 car.: PI. 21, 56, fig. 5), 3341-10e (juv. car.: PI. 21, 58, figs. 3, 4) and 3341-10f (RV int.: PI. 21, 58, fig. 5). AMNH 27513-27516 are from the type locality; all from Arroyo Formation, Leonardian, Lower Permian. OSU 557 ( = OSU 7163) is from Matfield Green, Chase County, Kansas, U.S.A., lat. 38°9'29"N, long. 96°34'27"W; from Garrison Shale, Upper Pennsylvanian. MSU 3341-10a, c & d are from Apache Canyon, Sec. 36, T22S, R1W, Don Ana County, Picacho Mountain Quadrangle, New Mexico, U.S.A., lat. 32°20'59"N, long. 107°53'16"W; from Hueco Formation, Wolfcampian, Permian. MSU 3341-10b, e & f are from an unnamed canyon, Sec. 30, T22S, R1E, Dona Ana County, Pichacho Mountain Quadrangle, New Mexico, U.S.A., lat. 32°21'51"N, long. 106°52'44"W; from Hueco Formation, Wolfcampian, Permian. Small, elongate, bilobate, subrhomboidal carapace. Dorsal margin nearly straight. Hinge incised, anterior and posterior stragulate processes small, cardinal angles obtuse. Anterior and posterior margins broadly rounded, ventral margin broadly convex, tapers posterodorsally. Greatest height anterior, greatest width at midlength in males, posterior in females. Right valve more inflated, overlaps left all around free margin. Indistinct oval area Explanation of Plate 21, 54 Figs. 1, 2, o' car. (AMNH 27514, 740 pm long): fig. 1, LV ext. lat.; fig. 2, dors. ext. Fig. 3, juv. car. (AMNH 27515, 640 pm long), LV lat. ext. Fig. 4, juv. car. AMNH 27516, 660 pm long), LV, ext. lat. Scale A (250 //m; x80), figs. 1-4. Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 52 Knoxina lecta (2 of 8) Knoxina lecta (4 of 8) Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 54 Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 55 Knoxina lecta (5 of 8) in midlateral region bounded by costae. Dorsal costa divided by deep median S2 sulcus, anteriormost portion slightly higher. Anterodorsal costa of left valve subdued. Indistinct sulcus at anterodorsal corner. Ventral costa, subdued, subparallel to free margin. Ventral costa of female swings posterodorsally to just below dorsal costa, forming edge of platform. Platform drops abruptly to posterior margin. Ventral costa of male dissipates below midheight. Narrow an tero ventral, admarginal frill in adults. Short, medial costa below S2, only in instars. Posterodorsal and posteroventral spines in earliest instars. Surface smooth or finely reticulate. Remarks: All the type material of K. lecta Coryell and Rogatz, 1932 and Coryella stovalli Harris and Lalicker, 1932, have been examined together with conspecific material from the Hueco Formation of New Mexico (Kohn, unpubl. Master’s Thesis, Mississippi State Univ., 172 pp., 1993). In the type collections there are five syntypes of K. lecta (AMNH 27513), five syntypes of K. elliptica Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 (AMNH 27514, three syntypes of K. indistincta Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 (AMNH 27515), a single type specimen of K. incurvata Coryell & Rogatz, 1932 (AMNH 27516), and a single type specimen of C. stovalli Harris & Lalicker, 1932 (OSU 557). We agree with Kellett {op. cit.) that K. elliptica is the male counterpart to K. lecta, and that K. incurvata and K. indistincta are juveniles of K. lecta. On the basis of growth series analysis of the New Mexico material (Kohn, op. cit.), C. stovalli is thought to be an early instar of K. lecta. In the ontogenetic changes of carapace sculpture the posterodorsal and posteroventral spines found in the early instars are replaced by the dorsal and ventral costae in the adult. A weak, midlateral costa is also developed in the juveniles, but is not present in the adults. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism occurs in slightly smaller individuals in the New Mexico material than in the type series. It is not possible to comment on the significance of the size variation in adult morphologies between the New Mexico and the Texas populations without a full growth series from the type locality. K. lecta shows an affinity for unstable, muddy, nearshore environments of varying salinities. Melnyk & Mad- docks {op. cit.) indicate that in the Permo-Carboniferous of Texas, K. lecta is restricted to interdeltaic and lagoonal environments. Moreover, the distribution of K. lecta in the Hueco Formation of New Mexico suggest a tolerance for restricted nearshore environments as well as an ability to withstand raised salinities (Kohn, op. cit.). Explanation of Plate 21, 56 Figs. 1, 2, o* car. (MSU 3341-10b, 640 pm long): fig. 1, LV ext. lat.; fig. 2, dors. ext. Figs. 3, 4, 9 car. (MSU 3341-10c, 650 pm long): fig. 3, LV ext. lat.; fig. 4, dors. ext. Fig. 5, 9 car. (MSU 3341-10d, 640 pm long), vent. ext. Scale A (250 pm; x80), figs. 1-5. Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 21, 57 Knoxina lecta (7 of 8) It is also noteworthy that the ostracod fauna in the Arroyo Formation exhibits a very low diversity (Coryell & Rogatz, op. cit.), as might be expected in a salinity-stressed environment. Distribution: Missourian and Virgilian, Upper Carboniferous and Wolfcampian and Leonardian, Lower Permian; Kansas, New Mexico and Texas, U.S.A. Acknowledgement: CD acknowledges the financial support given by the Donors of the Petroleum Research Fund administered by the American Chemical Society. 400 — ^ Klee . 10c • lOd C sto ■ • lOe * 10a • 10b ▲ Kind K Inc ^Kell 500 600 700 800 Text fig. 1. Length: Width plot of figured specimens. All measurements in microns. Key: Csto = Coryella stovalli, holotype; Klee = Knoxina lecta, lectotype; Kell = Knoxina elliptica , lectotype; Kind = Knoxina indistincta, lectotype; Kinc = Knoxina incurvata, holotype; 10a, 10b, 10c, lOd, lOe, = Knoxina lecta, MSU nos. 3341-10a, 3341-10b, 3341-10c, 3341-10d, 3341-10e respectively. Explanation of Plate 21, 58 Figs. 1, 2, juv. car. (OSU 557, 580 pm long): fig. 1, LV lat. ext.; fig. 2, dors. ext. Figs. 3, 4, juv. car. (MSU 3341-10e, 560 pm long): fig. 3, LV lat. ext.; fig. 4, dors. ext. Fig. 5, 9 RV (MSU 3341-10f, 700 pm long), int. lat. Scale A (250 /rm; x80), figs. 1-5. BPC BLACKPOOL LTD COLOUR PRINTERS Stanley Road, Blackpool, Lancashire FY1 4QN Telephone 0253 22351 Facsimile 0253 295733 A MEMBER OF THE BRITISH PRINTING COMPANY LTD Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells: Vol. 21, Part 1 CONTENTS 21 (1) 1-4 21 (2) 5-8 21 (3) 9-12 21 (4) 13-16 21 (5) 17-20 21 (6) 21-26 21 (7) 27-30 21 (8) 31-34 21 (9) 35-38 21 (10) 39-42 21 (11) 43-46 21 (12) 47-50 21 (13) 51-58 On Trispinatia rusconii (de Garcia & Proserpio); by R.E.L. Schallreuter. On Moeckowia rava (Sarv); by R.E.L. Schallreuter. On Cambria sibirica Neckaja & Ivanova; by M. Williams, D.J. Siveter, I. Hinz- Schallreuter & L. Melnikova. On Cambria melnikovae Ivanova; by D.J. Siveter, M. Williams & L. Melnikova. On Wimanicharion matthewi (Wiman); by D.J. Siveter, M. Williams & V. Berg- Madsen. On Vestrogothia longispinosa Kozur; by M. Williams, D.J. Siveter, V. Berg-Madsen & I. Hinz-Schallreuter. On Kuiperiana bathymarina Ayress, Coles & Whatley sp. nov.; by M.A. Ayress, G.P. Coles & R.C. Whatley. On Parahemingwayella ginginensis Boomer & Whittaker sp. nov.; by I. Boomer & J.E. Whittaker. On Semicytherura parasella Maybury sp. nov.; by C.A. Maybury. On Bathycythere comitatus Wouters sp. nov.; by K. Wouters. On Palmoconcha bitruncata (Brady); by K. Wouters. On Kuzminaella venusta Tschigova; by H. Groos-Uffenorde & V. Tschigova. On Knoxina lecta Coryell & Rogatz; by C.P. Dewey & P. Kohn. 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