SYLLOGEUS i NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES MUSEE NATIONAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES SSE 555505550055 LY ANT ETS SESS 555505555 No. 23 William J. Cody VASCULAR PLANTS OF RESTRICTED RANGE IN THE CONTINENTAL NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA el: n= MUSEES NATIONAUX DU CANADA OTTAWA NATIONAL MUSEUMS OF CANADA SYLLOGEUS is a publication of the National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, designed to permit the rapid dissemination of information pertaining to those disciplines and educational functions for which the National Museum of Natural Sciences is responsible. In the interests of making information available quickly, normal publishing procedures have been abbreviated. Articles are published in English, in French, or in both languages, and the issues appear at irregular intervals. Copies are available by mail from the National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Canada K1A OM8. La collection SYLLOGEUS, publiée par le Musée national des sciences naturelles, Musées nationaux du Canada, a pour but de diffuser rapidement le résultat des travaux dans les domaines scientifique et éducatif qui sont sous la direction du Musée national des sciences naturelles. Pour assurer la prompte distribution de cette publication, on a abrégé les étapes de la rédaction. Les articles sont publiés en francais, en anglais ou dans les deux langues, et ils paraissent irréguliérement. On peut les obtenir par commande postale au Musée national des sciences naturelles, Ottawa, Canada K1A OM8 Syllogeus series No. 23 Série Syllogeus N° 23 (c) National Museums of Canada 1979 (c) Musées nationaux du Canada 1979 Printed in Canada Imprimé au Canada ISSN 0704-576X VASCULAR PLANTS OF RESTRICTED RANGE IN THE CONTINENTAL NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA WILLIAM J. CODY Biosystematics Research Institute Canada Department of Agriculture Ottawa, Ontario KIA OC6 Syllogeus No. 23 National Museum of Natural Sciences Musée national des sciences naturelles National Museums of Canada Musées nationaux du Canada Ottawa 1979 Abstract The distribution patterns of 530 species which have restricted distributions within the Continental Northwest Territories are briefly described: about 17.1% are circumpolar, 4% are amphi-Atlantic, 19.2% are amphi-Beringian, 31.1% are more or less broad-ranging North American, and 16.7% are endemic to various parts of boreal and arctic North America. Selected bibliographic references are given to substantiate these ranges. Résumé On décrit brièvement la distribution de 530 espèces à distribution restreinte à l'intérieur de la portion continentale des Territoires du Nord-ouest: 17.1% de ces espèces sont circumpolaires, 4% amphi-Atlantiques et 19.2% amphi-Béringiennes; 31.1% de ces espèces se sont répandues plus ou moins largement dans l'Amérique du Nord et 16.7% sont endémiques dans certains régions boréales au arctiques de l'Amérique du Nord. On a fourni un choix de références bibliographiques pour justifier les distributions citées. INTRODUCTION A Flora of the Continental Northwest Territories (Figure 1) has been in preparation by A. Erling Porsild and William J. Cody for several years. This work is now completed and is in the process of publication. TUKTOYAKTUK i AKLAVIK 1 INUVIK C Fort ~_ MePHERSON ~ BAKER LAKE CHESTERFIELD’ INLET DISTRICT OF KEEWATIN ESKIMO POINT. BRITISH COLUMBIA ALBERTA MANITOBA Figure 1 - Map of the continental portion of the Northwest Territories. Cody (1971) has described the distribution patterns of the native vascular plant species in the Continental Northwest Territories flora. These are: circumpolar (31%), amphi-Atlantic (2.2%), amphi-Beringian (15%), Cordilleran (6.2%), more or less broad-ranging North American (27.6%) and endemic to various parts of boreal and arctic North America (11.2%). An examination of the ranges of these species within the Continental Northwest Territories has shown that 530, over one third, have restricted ranges in this area. Of these species with restricted ranges, about 17.1% are circumpolar, 4.0% are amphi-Atlantic, 19.2 % are amphi-Beringian, 11.4% are Cordilleran, 31.5% are more or less broad-ranging North American, and 16.7% are endemic to various parts of boreal and arctic North America. Because of current interest in rare and endangered species it has been deemed useful to bring information on these species with restricted distributions together, separate from the flora. Future collecting will, however, inevitably reveal new sites and range extensions to our present knowledge, which may of course change the picture. Bibliographic references are given throughout the text so that the reader may seek some further confirmation of the ranges in the form of cited specimens, if desired, but these are not exhaustive. ANNOTATED LIST OF SPECIES OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Botrychium boreale Milde ssp. boreale (Rupr.) Clausen---known in the territory from a single collection by J.A. Calder from Horne Lake in the Richardson Mountains, a site which is disjunct by about 650 km from the nearest locality along the Canol Road in the Yukon Territory (Cody and Porsild 1968). Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. ssp.lunaria--rare and local in western District of Mackenzie in meadows and usually open grassy situations. Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. ssp. minganense (Vict.) Calder & Taylor--in similar situations but less frequent than ssp. lunaria (Scotter and Cody 1974). Botrychium multifidum (Gmel.) Rupr.--rare and local in prairie-like clearings and thus far known only from two localities: Fort Simpson (Raup 1947) and Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. ssp. europaeum (Angstr.) Clausen--rare and local in rich woodland in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1963, Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). POLYPODIACEAE Asplenium viride Huds.--rare on moist rocky mountain slopes in the Nahanni Range of the Mackenzie Mountains where it is known from only two widely separated sites (Cody 1963, Porsild 1945, Raup 1947). Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth ssp. cyclosorum (Rupr.) C. Chr.--rare; adjacent to hot springs in the southern Mackenzie Mountains, and in the Liard River valley near Fort Liard (Jeffrey 1961, Porsild 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). Cryptogramma crispa (L.) R. Br. var. sitchensis (Rupr.) C. Chr.--rare on calcareous rocks in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). Cryptogramma stelleri (Gmel.) Prantl--rare on moist shale slopes, Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968, Cody 1978). Cystopteris montana (Lam.) Bernh.--rare and local, mainly growing in damp calcareous places: at Summit Lake in the Richardson Mountains (Cody 1978), along the Liard River on Nahanni Mountain (Raup 1947) and near Kakisa Lake at the west end of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1963). Dryopteris dilatata (Hoffm.) Gray s.l.--rare in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains where it has been found beside hot springs (Scotter and Cody 1974, Cody and Porsild 1968). Dryopteris disjuncta (Ledeb.) Morton (Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newm.)--rare in rich, mainly deciduous woods in the southern Mackenzie Mountains and about Great Slave Lake. Dryopteris phegopteris (L.) C. Chr. (Thelypteris phegopteris (L.) Slosson--in our area thus far known only from beside a hot spring in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974, Cody and Porsild 1968). Dryopteris robertiana (Hoffm.) C. Chr. (Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newm.)--rare in the southern Mackenzie Mountains and southwest Mackenzie lowlands where it is restricted to shaded calcareous ledges. Dryopteris spinulosa (0.F. Mill.) Watt--within our area known only from rich woods north of the height of land between Great Bear and Great Slave lakes (Raup 1947) and by a hot spring in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Cody et al. in press). Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro var. pensylvanica (Willd.) Morton (Pteretis nodulosa (Michx.) Nieuwl.)--rare in alluvial situations along the Liard River as far downstream as Nahanni Butte (Cody 1963, Jeffery 1961) and in similar situations and about some hot springs in southern Nahanni National Park (Scotter and Cody 1974). Pellaea glabella Mett. ex Kuhn var. nana (Richards.) Cody--crevices of sunny limestone rock faces, Franklin Mountains (Raup 1947) and southeastern Mackenzie Mountains (Cody 1963). Woodsia alpina (Bolton) S.F. Gray--apparently restricted to the extreme northwest of District of Mackenzie, adjacent to Coronation Gulf and central District of Keewatin. SELAG INELLACEAE Selaginella sibirica (Milde) Hieron.--steep exposed stony and sandy slopes, Richardson Mountains, Richards Island in the Mackenzie River Delta and the Caribou Hills along the East Branch of the Delta (Porsild 1943). ISOETACEAE Isoetes muricata Dur. var. braunii (Dur.) Reed--apparently rare and local although perhaps overlooked in shallow water on the sandy bottom of lakes, McTavish Arm, Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943) and on the north east side of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956). PINACEAE Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.--restricted to sub-alpine situations in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Jeffrey 1961). Pinus contorta Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.--on the Liard Range facing the Liard River this species sometimes forms pure stands, but it is restricted to the southwest parts of the Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961). Near Nahanni Butte P. contorta var. latifolia hybridizes with P. banksiana (Cody 1963, Scotter and Cody 1974). SPARGANTACEAE Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm.--thus far known from a single collection from Fort Norman (Porsild 1943), disjunct from other known sites just south of the Mackenzie border in Alberta. POTAMOGETONACEAE Potamogeton foliosus Raf. var. macellus Fern.--rare or perhaps overlooked in shallow still waters, Yellowknife (Cody 1956), Nahanni National Park (Cody et al, in press). Potamogeton illinoensis Morong--known in the Territory from a single collection at Mills Lake, an expansion of the Mackenzie River below Fort Providence (Cody and Porsild 1967). This station is disjunct from a site in southern British Columbia at Sumas Lake by 1290 km and the Souris River in Manitoba by 1770 km. Potamogeton natans L.--thus far known only from Rabbit-kettle Lake in Nahanni National Park (Cody and Porsild 1968, Scotter and Cody 1974). Potamogeton pectinatus L.--thus far known from only a few stations along the Mackenzie River drainage north to the delta. (Cody 1965, Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Potamogeton porsildiorum Fern.--apparently rare, northwestern District of Mackenzie and about the north arm of Great Slave Lake. Potamogeton robbinsii Oakes--in Mackenzie District known only from drift collected by G. Rossback on the upper Thelon River. Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern.--thus far known from only a few collections in the Mackenzie River drainage system. Ruppia spiralis L.—-known in our area only from near Yohin Lake near the junction of the South Nahanni and Liard rivers. This situation is widely disjunct from stations in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan and coastal Alaska (Cody et al. in press). Zostera marina L.--within our area this species is known only from sheltered tidal flats near Eskimo Point on the west coast of Hudson Bay (Polunin 1940). SCHEUCHZERIACEAE Scheuchzeria palustris L.--not known from our area until 1966, but now recorded from bogs as Oo far north as 63 52'N (Cody 1975, Cody and Porsild 1968). It is a circumpolar species. ALISMACEAE Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon--rare in the southern Mackenzie Basin, with a widely disjunct station in the Mackenzie Delta (Cody 1956, 1961, 1978). GRAMINEAE Agrostis exarata Trin.--about hot springs in the southern Mackenzie Mountains at the headwaters of the Flat River and in Nahanni National Park (Cody and Porsild 1968, Scotter and Cody 1974). These stations are disjunct from stations on the Alaskan Pacific Coast. Arctagrostis angustifolia Nash--known in the Territory from a single collection at Virginia Falls on the South Nahanni River (Jeffrey 1961). The type of this species came from Dawson in the Yukon Territory. Arctagrostis arundinacea (Trin.) Beal var. crassispica Bowden--this is a robust octoploid with coarser spikes and culms than var. arundinacea. It has only been reported in our area from the type locality at Norman Wells and from Hay River (Bowden 1960). Arctagrostis latifolia (R. Br.) Griseb. ssp. nahanniensis Porsild--thus far known only from the type locality, Hole-in-the-Wall Lake, and from Bolstead Creek, both in the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Bromus ciliatus L.--known only from a few stations in the southern parts of the Mackenzie River drainage. Calamagrostis chordorrhiza Porsild--known only from the extreme northwest portion of the District of Mackenzie. The type locality is the Caribou Hills which line the East Branch of the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1943). Calamagrostis deschampsioides Trin.--this is a circumpolar arctic, littoral species which in our area is known only from the shores of the Beaufort Sea and Hudson Bay, and one inland station near the Keewatin-Mackenzie border (Porsild 1943, Polunin 1940). Cinna latifolia (Trev.) Griseb.--in our area known only from flood plains situations along the Liard River between the British Columbia border and Fort Simpson (Cody 1963, Jeffery 1961, Raup 1947) and on the lower Slave River. Colpodium vahlianum (Liebm.) Nevski (Puccinellia vahliana (Liebm.) Scribn. & Merr.)--with us known from a few stations along the Arctic Coast and a widely disjunct site on the Plains of Abraham in the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1945, Raup 1947). Danthonia intermedia Vasey--thus far known in our area only from sites adjacent to the South Nahanni River in Nahanni National Park (Scotter and Cody 1974). The species occurs in the Yukon Territory near the Mackenzie border and in Wood Buffalo Park in northern Alberta. Deschampsia pumila (Trin.) Ostenf.--normally a seashore plant which in our area is known from one site on the Hudson Bay coast and two inland sites in central District of Keewatin (Polunin 1940). Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene var. stricta (Torr.) Beetle--this prairie grass is found in our area only on the Salt Plains west of Fort Smith where it is of rare occurrence (Cody 1956). Elymus canadensis L.--known in our area only from the west end of Great Slave Lake and as single site on the Liard River near Fort Liard (Cody 1956, 1963). Elymus sibiricus L.--known in our area from the banks of the Liard and lower South Nahanni rivers (Bowden and Cody 1961, Cody 1963). This species is found on the steep eroding and slumping river banks far from habitations, and thus appears to be of native origin. It is also occasionally found in cabin clearings. It is possible, however, that the river bank sites originated from seeds that had been washed downstream from sites in the upper Liard River watershed where they were dropped from aircraft in an erosion control program. In North America the species is also known from an eroding bank of the Muskwa River, a tributary of the Liard, near Fort Nelson, British Columbia (Cody 1967) and in Alaska, near Palmer (Bowden and Cody 1961). Festuca ovina L. ssp. alaskana Holmen--this subspecies was described from the north slope of the Brooks Range in Alaska. It is rare in the Richardson Mountains west of the Mackenzie River Delta (Cody and Porsild 1968). Festuca prolifera (Piper) Fern. var. lasiolepis Fern.--known in our area only from Baker Lake and the Thelon Game Sanctuary (Cody and Porsild 1968). Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder--this is a boreal North American species which is found in the Slave River lowlands, near Yellowknife and in Nahanni National Park (Scotter 1966, Thieret 1963a, Cody et al, in press). Helictotrichon hookeri (Scribn.) Henry--a western foothills and plains species barely entering our area along the Hay River (Thieret 1963a). Hierochloe pauciflora R. Br.--a wide-ranging arctic species found in wet tundra; in our area found only along the arctic coast; it may be more common than the number of specimens thus far collected would indicate. Koeleria asiatica Domin--in our area restricted to the Richardson Mountains west of the Mackenzie River Delta where it is apparently rare (Cody and Porsild 1968). Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers.--a species of dry grassland and open woods barely entering the southwestern part of our area where it is found in shallow residual soil over limestone (Thieret 1963). It is possibly introduced here. Muhlenbergia glomerata (Willd.) Trin. var. cinnoides (Link) F.J. Herm.--a boreal North American variety entering our area in the extreme southwest where it is found on marl deposits on lake shores and in moist rocky situations along the Liard and South Nahanni rivers (Thieret 1963, Cody 1963). Muhlenbergia richardsonis (Trin.) Rydb.--in grassy clearings and rocky slopes about the west end of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956, Thieret 1963) and apparently disjunct to the Bear River (Porsild 1943). Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx.--in pine woods and thickets, barely entering our area south of the west end of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1963a). Phippsia algida (Sol.) R. Br.--a widespread circumpolar high-arctic species which in our area is known only from the eastern Reindeer Grazing Preserve (Cody 1965) and two sites in central Keewatin District. Phleum commutatum Gaud.--this is a circumpolar species which has large gaps in its distribution; in our area it is known only from a few alpine meadow sites in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Phragmites communis Trin. var. berlandieri (Fourn.) Fern.)--known in our area only from the vicinity of Yohin Lake in southern Nahanni National Park, a site which is disjunct by some 725 km from the nearest locality at the western end of Lake Athabaska (Cody 1963). Poa abbreviata R. Br.--a high-arctic, amphi-Atlantic species which in our area is known from Cape Parry on the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie and from south of Spence Bay in the District of Keewatin (Cody 1978). Poa alpigena (Fr.) Lindm. var. colpodea (Fr.) Schol.--this mostly viviparous variety is found on the Arctic Islands and only barely enters our area along the Arctic Coast (Cody and Porsild 1968). Poa ammophila Porsild--known only from old established sand dunes along the Arctic Coast fo) between longitude 142 W eastward to Darnley Bay, and about Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). Poa flexuosa Sm.--this is a low arctic-alpine, amphi-Atlantic species which barely enters northeastern District of Keewatin (Cody 1978). Poa jordalii Porsild--an endemic of the Brooks Range in northern Alaska and the Mackenzie Mountains where it is known only from soils derived from calcareous rocks (Cody and Porsild 1968). Poa juncifolia Scribn.--a western prairies and foothills species which barely enters southwestern District of Mackenzie in alkaline meadows along the Slave River (Cody 1978). Poa lanata Scribn. & Merr.--rare in the Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains and the East Channel of the Mackenzie River Delta (Cody 1965b, Porsild 1961). Poa porsildii Gjaerevoll--an endemic of unglaciated mountains of central Alaska, Yukon Territory and the east slope of the Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains. The type came from MacMillan Pass on the Yukon-Mackenzie divide (Cody and Porsild 1968). 10 Poa scabrella (Thurb.) Benth. (Poa buckleyana Nash)--a Cordilleran species barely entering our area in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Puccinellia agrostoidea Th. SéJr.--an endemic of the western North American Arctic (Cody 1978). It is a non-littoral species of turfy places in tundra. Puccinellia andersonii Swallen--known in our area only from the Mackenzie River Delta and Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula (Cody 1978); a high arctic species known from East Greenland to Banks Island, and widely disjunct to the Mackenzie Delta and Point Lay, Alaska (type locality). Puccinellia arctica (Hook.) Fern. & Weath.--thus far known only from the arctic coast of Canada between Herschel Island, Y.T. and Cape Bathurst, and from southern Banks Island and Cambridge Bay, Victoria Island. The type is a Richardson collection labelled “Arctic Sea-Coast”. Puccinellia contracta (Lge.) Th. Sgr.--this is an amphi-Beringian species which in Canada is known only from the shores of the Arctic Coast between the Mackenzie River Delta and Cape Bathurst (Sgrensen 1953). Puccinellia deschampsioides Th. Sér.--a North American arctic species which in our area is known only from the east end of Great Bear Lake and the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie (Sgrensen 1953). Puccinellia langeana (Berl.) Th. Sér. (P. paupercula (Holm) Fern. & Weath.)--a littoral species which is rare on the Hudson Bay shore of the District of Keewatin. (Polunin 1940). Puccinellia pumila (Vasey) Hitchc.--known in our area only from Rankin Inlet on the west coast of Hudson Bay (Cody and Porsild 1968). Schizachne purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen--collected only a few times in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Scotter and Cody 1974, Raup 1947). Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Link--a plains species which barely enters our area at the west end of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956). Spartina gracilis Trin.--known in our area only from the junction of the Little Buffalo and Nyarling rivers, and opposite Fort Simpson on the bank of the Mackenzie River (Raup 1947, Cody 1961). Spartina pectinata Link--known in our area from a single collection from Resolution on the south shore of Great Slave Lake (Raup 1947). d'A Stipa spartea Trin. var. curtiseta Hitchc.--thus far known only from the vicinity of Fort Simpson (Cody 1961). Stipa viridula Trin.--in our area known from a single collection from the mouth of the Rabbitskin River southeast of Fort Simpson (Cody 1963). Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Fries ssp. atropurpurea--known only from a few collections east of longitude 110°w (Cody 1978). Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Fries ssp. latifolia (Hook.) Porsild (ssp. paramushirensis sensu Raup 1947)--rare in the western parts of the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). CYPERACEAE Carex albo-nigra Mack.--known from only a few widely separated sites in western District of Mackenzie (Cody 1963, Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Carex arcta Boott--a boreal North American species which has been found iff our area only at Hjalmer Lake, south of the east arm of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1978). Carex bebbii Olney--wet meadows in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a). Carex bicolor All.--rare in central District of Keewatin, north of Great Bear Lake and along the Arctic Coast (Porsild 1943). Carex crawfordii Fern.--this is a boreal North American species which barely enters our area south of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1963). Carex deweyana Schw.--the only records for this species in the Continental Northwest Territories are from the Liard Range and in the lowlands of the Liard River (Jeffrey 1961). Carex filifolia Nutt. (C. elynaeformis Porsild)--rare and thus far known from only four widely separated localities: Great Bear Lake, Wrigley, Nahanni Butte, and the west end of Great Slave Lake (Porsild 1943, 1951, Cody 1963, Cody and Talbot 1978). Carex franklinii Boott (C. petricosa sensu Porsild 1945)--a Cordilleran foothills species which in our area is known from only a few collections in the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1945, Scotter and Cody 1974). 12 Carex interior Bailey--known in our area only from Nahanni National Park and from near the west end of Great Slave Lake (Scotter and Cody 1974, Thieret 1961). Carex laxa Wahlenb.--an Eurasian species which in North America is thus far known from only two stations in Alaska, one in central Yukon Territory and one in the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1951). Carex livida Willd. var. grayana (Dew.) Fern.--thus far in our area known only from near the west end of Great Slave Lake and the Mackenzie River Delta (Cody and Talbot 1978, Porsild 1943). Carex loliacea L.--apparently rare in sphagnum bogs in the southern parts of our area (Raup 1947, Scotter 1966). Carex mackenziei Krecz. (C. norvegica Willd. non Retz.)--a littoral species which in our area is known only from the Mackenzie River Delta and the west coast of Hudson Bay (Porsild 1943, Polunin 1940). Carex macloviana d'Urv. (C. soperi Raup)--rare in the western Mackenzie Mountains, the Richardson Mountains and about Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). Carex morrisseyi Porsild--rare in central Keewatin and northwestern District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Carex norvegica Retz. ssp. inserrulata Kalela--amphi-Atlantic and in our area known only from the Hudson Bay coast and central District of Keewatin (Porsild 1943). Carex oligosperma Michx.--an eastern boreal North American species which in our area is known only from north of the east arm of Great Slave Lake. Carex peckii Howe--a North American species which is found in Canada from New Brunswick to Alberta, with disjunct stations in Nahanni National Park in south-western District of Mackenzie, the Yukon Territory, and central Alaska (Scotter and Cody 1974). Carex phaeocephala Piper--a species of the northern Cordillera which in our area is known only from Glacier Lake in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Carex praticola Rydb.--known only from a cultivated field at Fort Simpson (Raup 1947). Carex pyrenaica Wahlenb. ssp. micropoda (C.A. Mey.) Hult.--in Mackenzie District known only from a few stations in the Mackenzie Mountains north to Macmillan Pass (Raup 1947). 13 Carex ramenskii Kom.--known only in brackish meadows in the Mackenzie Delta region (Porsild 1943-sub C. salina pro parte). Carex rariflora (Wahlenb.) Sm. var. androgyna Porsild--known only from the type locality on the Arctic Coast east of the Mackenzie Delta (Porsild 1943). Carex retrorsa Schw.--an eastern North American species which in our area is known only from lower Liard River (Cody 1961, Raup 1947). Carex richardsonii--a western North American species which barely enters our area south of Great Slave Lake (Raup 1936, Cody and Talbot 1978). Carex rufina Drej.--an amphi-Atlantic species which is thus far known in North America from Greenland and a few stations in the District of Keewatin and north-eastern Manitoba. Carex sartwellii Dewey--a North American species which in our area is found along the Slave River lowlands and west of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1961). Carex stenophylla Wahlenb. ssp. eleocharis (Bailey) Hult. (C. eleocharis Bailey)--a species of dry prairies thus far known in our area only from a dry hillside overlooking the Mackenzie River at Rabbitskin River (Cody 1963). Carex sychnocephala Carey--a boreal North American species thus far known in our area only from about Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956, 1978). Carex trisperma Dew.--an easten North American species found from Labrador to eastern Alberta, which in our area is known from a single depauperate specimen from southeast District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Eleocharis compressa Sulliv.--the single collection from our area is from a population at Heart Lake in southwestern District of Mackenzie, an area disjunct from the main range to the south by 725 km (Cody and Talbot 1978). Eleocharis uniglumis (Link) Schult. (E. macrostachya sensu Cody 1960)--Liard River shores and Mackenzie River shore at Norman Wells (Cody 1960, Jeffrey 1961). Eriophorum gracile Koch--known only from peaty bogs and lake shores about Great Slave Lake, and in Nahanni National Park (Thieret 1963a, Cody et al in press). 14 Eriophorum viridicarinatum (Engelm.) Fern.--rare about Great Slave Lake and in the central Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1936, Thieret 1961). Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl--known in our area only from near Heart Lake in southwestern District of Mackenzie from a eutrophic wet-level fen. This site is disjunct from the nearest known site on the south shore of Lake Athabaska by some 480 km (Cody and Talbot 1978). Scirpus maritimus L. var. paludosus (A. Nels.) Kiik.--in the District of Mackenzie known only from the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Scirpus rollandii Fern.--known in our area from only three sites: one on the Yellowknife Highway and two in the Mackenzie Mountains (Thieret 1962, Cody 1978, Cody et al in press). Scirpus rufus (Huds.) Schrad.--known in western Canada from several widely separated localities and from the District of Mackenzie only from near Wrigley on the Mackenzie River and “Caribou Flats” in the Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968, Cody 1978). ARACEAE Acorus calamus L.--a single collection from along the Yellowknife Highway near Fort Rae (Thieret 1963b) might possibly represent an introduction, but the species was reported by Father Petitot (1891) in his memoirs, as occuring near Lac la Martre some 100 km northwest of Fort Rae. JUNCACEAE Juncus drummondii E. Mey.--thus far known in our area only from the Mackenzie Mountains near the Yukon border where it is found in alpine snowbeds and on damp slopes (Raup 1947). Juncus dudleyi Weig.--a boreal North American species which enters our area only along the Slave River north of Fort Smith (Cody and Porsild 1968). Juncus stygius L. ssp. americanus (Buch.) Hult.--a boreal North American subspecies, apparently with several disjunct populations, which is found in our area only near the west end of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1961). Juncus vaseyi Engelm.--a boreal North American species which is known in our area from only a few collections from southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Thieret 1962, Scotter 1966). 1 Luzula arcuata (Wahlenb.) Sw.--found in our area only on alpine slopes and sandy beaches and moraines in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Raup 1947). Luzula rufescens Fisch. & Mey.--known in our area only from Canoe Lake in the Richardson Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). It is an amphi-Beringian species. LILIACEAE Maianthemum canadense Desf. var. interius Fern.--this western variety barely enters the District of Mackenzie in the pine woodlands in the vicinity of Fort Smith and is also found in the lowlands of the Liard River (Raup 1947). Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. var. americanus Schultes--known only in the upper Liard River valley and from about hot springs in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961, Porsild 1961). Trillium cernuum L. var. macranthum Eames & Wieg.--the only record for this is a Richardson specimen labelled “Mackenzie River” (Raup 1947). The species is otherwise known in Western Canada only from southern Manitoba so the Mackenzie record may be doubtful. Veratrum eschscholtzii A. Gray--wet meadows and about hotsprings in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). ORCHIDACEAE Cypripedium acaule Ait.--this species was reported for our area by Raup (1947) on the basis of a Richardson specimen labelled “Ft. Franklin”. This specimen is presumably the basis for Hooker's (1829-40) range “from Canada to Fort Franklin on the Mackenzie River”. The species is not otherwise known from north of Lake Athabaska. Cypripedium guttatum Sw.--an amphi-Beringian species which extends eastwards into the District of Mackenzie as far as the east end of Great Slave Lake. It is rare and very localized in distribution. Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook.--thus far known in our area only from sites about hot springs in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr.--a boreal American species which in our area is found only in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Jeffrey 1961, Cody et al in press). 16 Habenaria viridis (L.) R. Br. var. bracteata (Muhl.) Fern.--thus far known in the District of Mackenzie only from the Slave River valley near Fort Smith, and from the east flanks of the Mackenzie Mountains north to near Norman Wells (Cody 1956, 1960, Raup 1947). Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich.--known in our area only from the vicinity of Yohin Lake in southern Nahanni National Park, a site which is disjunct by some 1450 km from the nearest known locality south of the Saskatchewan River in Saskatchewan (Cody et al in press). Listera cordata (L.) R. Br.--a circumpolar species which in our area is known only from two sites in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961, Porsild 1961). Malaxis paludosa (L.) Sw.--thus far known only from an open black spruce muskeg in the upper Liard River valley (Cody 1963). SALICACEAE Salix barclayi Anderss.--a northern Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species which enters the District of Mackenzie only in Mackenzie and Richardson mountains near the Yukon border (Raup 1947). Salix barrattiana Hook.--a northern Cordilleran species found in the Mackenzie Mountains, with a disjunct station near the Anderson River in the Reindeer Grazing Preserve (Raup 1947). Salix chamissonis Anderss.--an amphi-Beringian species which is found in the District of Mackenzie only in the Richardson Mountains where it occurs in grassy snowbed habitats (Porsild 1943). Salix commutata Bebb--a northern Cordilleran species which barely enters our area in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Salix cordifolia Pursh var. callicarpea (Trautv.) Fern.--a northeastern North American variety which is known in our area only from central District of Keewatin and the eastern parts of the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1957). Salix discolor Muhl.--known in our area from a collection from Fort Simpson, and mile 77 Mackenzie Highway, sites which are disjunct by some 500 miles from the nearest known locality in Alberta (Cody 1978). 107] Salix dodgeana Rydb. (S. phlebophylla sensu Porsild 1945 and Raup 1947)--localized in alpine turfy places on calcareous plateaus and screes in the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1945, Raup 1947, Porsild and Cody 1968.) Salix farriae Ball--a Cordilleran species which forms thickets on alluvial river banks in the Mackenzie River Delta (Hultén 1942). Salix fullertonensis Schneider--known only from adjacent to the shores of Hudson and James bays (Polunin 1940). Salix gracilis Anderss. (S. petiolaris J.E. Sm.)--an eastern woodland species known in our area from only a few stations along the Slave and upper Mackenzie rivers (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a). Salix maccalliana Rowlee--a western North American species which in our area is found in woodland peat bogs in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1956, Thieret 1961). Salix ovalifolia Trautv. var. arctolitoralis (Hult.) Argus--known in our area only from the Arctic Coast of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Hultén 1940). Salix phlebophylla Anderss.--an amphi-Beringian, arctic-alpine species barely entering our area in the Richardson Mountains, and reaching the Arctic Coast east of the Mackenzie Delta (Porsild 1943). Salix polaris Wahlenb. ssp. pseudopolaris (Flod.) Hult.-- an amphi-Beringian, arctic-alpine species known in our area only from the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains, and from the Caribou Hills east of the Mackenzie Delta (Raup 1947, Cody 1965a, Porsild and Cody 1968). POLYGONACEAE Koenigia islandica L.--an annual, circumpolar, arctic alpine species with only a few widely disjunct stations in our area (Polunin 1940, Porsild and Cody 1968, Cody 1978). Polygonum alaskanum (Small) Wight (P. alpinium All. var. lapathifolium Cham. & Schlecht.)--an Alaskan species which enters the District of Mackenzie in the extreme northwest and in the Mackenzie Mountains adjacent to the Yukon border (Porsild 1943, 1945). Polygonum caurianum Robins.--known in our area from the Hudson Bay coast, northwest of Great Slave Lake, the east end of Great Bear Lake and the Mackenzie Delta region (Cody and Porsild 1974). 18 Polygonum coccineum Muhl.--a single apparently widely disjunct station has been recorded from the shore of the Hay River south of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1961). Rumex acetosa L. ssp. alpestris (Scop.) Léve--known in our area from a single collection from the Richardson Mountains west of the Mackenzie Delta (Porsild 1943). Rumex maritimus L. var. fueginus (Phil.) Dusen--apparently rare and local by saline or 0 alkaline seepages north to latitude 62 on the Mackenzie River. Rumex orbiculatus Gray--a North American species which is found in Canada from Newfoundland to Alberta and barely enters our area south of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1978). CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex gmelinii C.A. Meyer--an amphi-Beringian species which is known in our area only from the delta of the Anderson River on the Arctic Coast (Cody 1965a). Atriplex subspicata (Nutt.) Rydb.--found in our area only on the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith, where it occurs in saline or alkaline soils (Bassett and Crompton 1973). Chenopodium glaucum L. ssp. salinum (Standl.) Aellen--saline seepages along banks of the Mackenzie River north to the Arctic Coast (Cody 1960). Chenopodium leptopyllum Nutt.--the only collection of this species from our area is a Richardson specimen labelled “Fort Franklin, Mackenzie River”, but this species is not otherwise known from north of Lake Athabaska (Raup 1947). Chenopodium rubrum L.--saline places north to Great Slave Lake; a circumpolar species (Thieret 1963a). Corispermum hyssopifolium L.--a circumpolar species which in our area is known only from sandy places north along the Mackenzie River to about latitude 65°N (Raup 1947). Salicornia rubra A. Nels. (SE europaea of authors)--although common and locally dominant on the saline flats west of Fort Smith, this species is only known from as far north as the junction of the Nyarling and Little Buffalo rivers (Raup 1947). Suaeda calceoliformis (Hook.) Moq. (S. depressa (Pursh) S. Wats.--a North American species thus far known in our area from the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith, Great Bear Lake and the Arctic Coast (Bassett and Crompton 1978). 19 PORTULACEAE Claytonia megarrhiza (A. Gray) Parry--a high-alpine Cordilleran species known from a few collections in the Mackenzie Mountains where it is widely disjunct from the main range from Colorado to British Columbia and Alberta (Raup 1947). Claytonia tuberosa Pall.--the collections from the Mackenzie Mountains in our area are from the eastern extremity of an amphi-Beringian range (Porsild and Cody 1968, Scotter and Cody 1974). Montia lamprosperma Cham.--an annual, circumpolar species which in our area is known only from the Hudson Bay Coast, the Mackenzie Mountains and the Reindeer Grazing Preserve (Polunin 1940, Scotter and Cody 1974, Cody 1965b). CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria capillaris Poir. var. nardifolia (Ledeb.) Regel--amphi-Beringian, found in our area on the northwest side of Great Slave Lake, about Great Bear Lake and in the Reindeer Grazing Preserve (Porsild 1943, Thieret 1963). Cerastium maximum L.--an amphi-Beringian species, which in our area is known from a single collection from the Richardson Mountains (Nagy et al 1979). Cerastium nutans Raf.--a wide-ranging North American species which barely enters our area in southwestern District of Mackenzie, where it may be introduced (Cody 1961, Thieret 1961). Cerastium regelii Ostf.--a circumpolar species which is common in some parts of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, but on the Canadian mainland is known only from the Melville and Tuktoyaktuk peninsulas (Cody 1978). Melandrium apetalum (L.) Fenzl ssp. attenuatum (Farr) Hara--this Cordilleran subspecies of the circumpolar M. apetalum is found on slide-rock as far north as the central Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974, Raup 1947 sub Lychnis macrosperma). Melandrium taimyrense Tolm.--an amphi-Beringian species which extends into our area in the northwest in the Mackenzie Delta region, about Great Bear Lake and on the Thelon River (Porsild 1943). 20 Melandrium taylorae (Robins.) Tolm.--an Alaska-Yukon-northwest Mackenzie endemic which in our area is found in the Mackenzie Delta region and about Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). Minuartia macrocarpa (Pursh) Ostenf.--an amphi-Beringian species known in our area from only a few specimens from the central Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Minuartia obtusiloba (Rydb.) House--an amphi-Beringian species known in our area only from the Richardson Mountains and Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1943). Minuartia yukonensis Hult. (Arenaria laricifolia sensu Porsild 1943)--an amphi-Beringian alpine species which reaches eastwards to the Richardson Mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Moehringia macrophylla (Hook.) Torr. (Arenaria macrophylla Hook.)--dry wooded slopes in the Pre-Cambrian region south of Great Slave Lake; apparently restricted to soils derived from magnesian or ultrabasic rocks and thus of rather spotty and disjunct range (Raup 1936). Sagina caespitosa (J. Vahl) Lge.--an amphi-Atlantic arctic species which thus far is known in our area only from central District of Keewatin (Porsild 1957). Sagina intermedia Presl--a circumpolar species known from a number of widely separated collections across our area but perhaps overlooked because of its size (Polunin 1940, Porsild and Cody 1968). Sagina linnaei Presl (S. saginoides (L.) Karst.)--a low-arctic circumpolar species known in our area from coastal and central District of Keewatin, and the Mackenzie Mountains in western District of Mackenzie (Polunin 1940, Raup 1947). Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl--an amphi-Atlantic species which has been collected a few times across our area as far west as the Mackenzie River (Raup 1947, Porsild 1943). Silene menziesii Hook.--a western North American species known in our area from only a few collections in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a). Silene repens Patrin ssp. purpurata (Greene) Hitchc. & Maguire--endemic of central Alaska, Yukon Territory and northwestern District of Mackenzie where is is found in the Richardson Mountains, Richards Island, Caribou Hills and western Eskimo Lake Basin (Porsild 1943, Cody 1965a). 21 Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb.--a circumpolar, non-arctic species with disjunct stations from Nova Scotia to southeast Alaska, which barely enters the District of Mackenzie on the Salt Plains west of Fort Smith (Raup 1947). Stellaria crassipes Hult.--an amphi-Atlantic species which in our area is only known from a few collections in northern and eastern District of Keewatin (Porsild 1957). Stellaria stricta Richards.--a western North American species which in our area is known from along the Mackenzie drainage to the Arctic Coast from only a few collections (Porsild 1963). Stellaria umbellata Turcz.--an amphi-Beringian species which extends across Alaska to the east slope of the Richardson mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie, and is disjunct to the mountains of southwestern Alberta, Nevada and Oregon (Cody 1978). Wilhelmsia physodes (Fisch.) McNeill (Arenaria physodes Fisch.)--an amphi-Beringian species which is frequent in Alaska and the Yukon Territory but enters the District of Mackenzie only in the far northwest where it is found in Richardson Mountains and eastwards along the Arctic Coast as far as Darnley Bay (Cody 1956a). CERATOPHYLLACEAE Ceratophyllum demersum L.—-known in our area from recent collections near Yellowknife and in southern Nahanni National Park, but also from peat deposits in a pingo in the upper Thelon River valley on the basis of well preserved fruits radio-carbon dated at 5,500 _ 250 years BP (Thieret 1962, Scotter and Cody 1974). NYMPHAECEAE Nuphar polysepalum Engelm.--Mackenzie River Delta and Eskimo Lakes region of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Nymphaea tetragona Georgi ssp. leibergii (Morong) Porsild--a circumpolar species which in North America is known from often widely separated stations from Quebec to Alaska, and in our area has only been found on an island at the east end of Great Slave Lake (Porsild 1939). RANUNCULACEAE Anemone canadensis L.--restricted to the lowland of southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). 22 Anemone drummondii Wats.--known in our area from only a few sites in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and on the east side of the Mackenzie River Delta (Cody 1965b, Porsild and Cody 1968). Anemone narcissiflora L.--an amphi-Beringian species which reaches eastward to the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1943, Scotter and Cody 1974). Caltha natans Pall.--a boreal, amphi-Beringian species which is found as far east as the west coast of Hudson Bay and extreme western Ontario but in our area known only from about Great Slave Lake and south-central and coastal District of Keewatin (Cody 1956, Thieret 1961, Porsild 1943). Caltha palustris L. var. palustris--this variety is eastern in distribution in North America and is found in our area only about Great Slave Lake, and a disjunct station in the Mackenzie River Delta (Raup 1947, Porsild and Cody 1968). Caltha palustris L. var. arctica (R. Br.) Huth.--this amphi-Beringian variety extends into our area in the Mackenzie River Delta, along the Arctic Coast, and is found in central District of Keewatin (Cody 1965a, Porsild and Cody 1968); it also occurs in the western islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Porsild 1957). Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb.--this species occurs from east Asia to east Greenland and is known from all the Canadian provinces, but from our area is known only from a single station in southern District of Keewatin (Porsild 1957). Ranunculus abortivus L.--a boreal North American species rare in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1956, Scotter and Cody 1974). Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schlecht.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species which is found in the Mackenzie Mountains adjacent to the Yukon border, north to the Mackenzie Delta, and a single station on Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947). Ranunculus gelidus Karel & Kiril.--an amphi-Beringian species which is rare on the alpine slopes of the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Porsild 1943, Porsild and Cody 1968). Ranunculus pallasii Schlecht.--a circumpolar, low-arctic species which is found in brackish meadows and sloughs along the Arctic Coast and on the Hudson Bay shore (Porsild 1943). Ranunculus pensylvanicus L.f.--a boreal North American species known in our area from south of Great Slave Lake and from Fort Simpson (Cody 1956, 1961). 23 Ranunculus rhomboideus Goldie--a North American species which is found from southern Ontario to British Columbia and southward, with an apparently disjunct station on the Salt Plains west of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Ranunculus sabinei R. Br.--a high-arctic, amphi-Beringian species which is known in our area only from along the Arctic Coast (Porsild 1957). Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir.--a North American species which is found in Canada from New Brunswick to British Columbia but enters our area only in the lowlands of the Liard River near Fort Liard (Jeffrey 1961). Ranunculus sulphureus Sol.--a circumpolar arctic-alpine species which in our area is known only from a few collections in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Ranunculus turneri Greene--an amphi-Beringian species which barely enters our area in the sub-alpine meadows in the Richardson Mountains. Thalictrum sparsiflorum Turcz. var. richardsonii (Gray) Boivin--an amphi-Beringian species which extends as far east as the west coast of Hudson Bay, but in our area is only known from the upper Liard River valley (Jeffrey 1961). PAPAVERACEAE Papaver cornwallisensis A. Lôve--the high-alpine sites in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains are disjunct from the high-arctic distribution in Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Cody and Porsild 1968). Papaver hultenii Knaben--endemic of arctic-alpine northwest North America and with us found along the Arctic Coast and in the Mackenzie Mountains (Knaben 1959). Papaver keelei Porsild--an endemic of arctic-alpine northwest North America and in our area found in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains; the type was collected along the Canol Road at the Little Keele River (Porsild 1945). Papaver macconnellii Hultén--an endemic of central Alaska, northern Yukon Territory and the Richardson mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). 24 FUMARTACEAE Corydalis pauciflora (Steph.) Pers.--an amphi-Beringian species which barely enters our area in alpine herbmats in the Mackenzie Mountains near the Yukon border (Raup 1947). CRUCIFERAE Alyssum americanum Greene--this species is an endemic of unglaciated central Alaska and the Yukon Territory; a specimen in the Herbarium of the National Museum of Canada labelled “Fort Simpson 1853" most likely originated in the Yukon Territory (Cody and Porsild 1968). Arabis alpina L.--an amphi-Atlantic species which as yet is known in our area from a single collection from Dubawnt Lake in the District of Keewatin. Arabis lyrata L. var. kamchatica Fisch.--an amphi-Beringian species which is found in our area in the Mackenzie Mountains near the Yukon border, the east end of Great Bear Lake, and from near Fort Smith (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Braya glabella Richards.--an endemic of northwest District of Keewatin, northern Yukon and northern Alaska (Porsild 1943). Braya henryae Raup--an endemic of the northern Rocky Mountains, Mackenzie Mountains and Richardson Mountains (Raup 1947). Braya purpurascens (R. Br.) Bunge--a circumpolar high-arctic species which in our area is found along the Arctic Coast and in the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1943). Braya richardsonii (Rydb.) Fern.--an endemic of northwestern North America which, in our area, is known only from the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1945). Cardamine microphylla Adams (C. minuta Willd.)--an amphi-Beringian species which in our area is rare in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968, Cody 1978). Cardamine parviflora L. var. arenicola (Britt.) O.E. Schulz--an eastern North American taxon which is found as far west as northeastern British Columbia and with us is found in sandy open places at Yellowknife and about the east end of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956, Scotter 1966). Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl.--an eastern boreal forest species which is found sparingly in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Cody 1956). 25 Cardamine umbellata Greene--an amphi-Beringian species which barely enters our area on wet stream and lake banks in the western Mackenzie Mountains adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. var. brachycarpa (Richards.) Fern.--a North American species which barely enters the Mackenzie River Valley (Cody 1956). Draba albertina Greene--a Cordillern species which is known in the Mackenzie Mountains from a single collection (Mulligan 1975). Draba aurea M. Vahl--a North American, arctic-alpine species which in our area is known from only a few collections about Great Slave Lake, Great Bear Lake, the Mackenzie Delta and the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Cody and Porsild 1968). Drabis borealis DC. (D. luteola sensu Porsild)--an amphi-Beringian species found in our area about Great Bear Lake and in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1943). Draba crassifolia Grah.--a sub-arctic, alpine species known in our area from central District of Keewatin, the Mackenzie Delta and the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1943). Draba incerta Payson--a north Cordilleran species which reaches our area in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Draba lonchocarpa Rydb.-- a Cordilleran species which is found in our area only in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974). Draba macounii O.E. Schulz--a Cordilleran species which extends northward into the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Draba norvegica Gunn.--an amphi-Atlantic species which is known in our area from a single locality north of the east arm of Great Slave Lake (Mulligan and Cody 1968). Draba oligosperma Hook.--a Cordilleran species which is found in our area along the Liard River, about Great Bear Lake and in the Mackenzie Delta area (Porsild 1943). Draba palanderiana Kjellm.--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon and the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Mulligan 1974). Draba pilosa Adams--an amphi-Beringian, arctic-alpine species which is known from only a few collections across our area (Porsild and Cody 1968). 26 Draba porsildii G.A. Mulligan--a Cordilleran species which is found in our area only in the central Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974, Mulligan 1974). Draba praealta Greene--a Cordilleran species found in our area in the Mackenzie Mountains and as far north as Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947). Draba ogilviensis Hult. (D. sibirica sensu Porsild)--endemic of the Ogilvie Mountains in the Yukon Territory and the central Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Draba subcapitata Simm.--an amphi-Atlantic, high-arctic species thus far known from the North American mainland only from Boothia and Melville peninsulas (Porsild 1957). Halimolobos mollis (Hook.) Rollins (Arabis hookeri Lange)--an endemic of arctic north America from Alaska to west Greenland, but in our area known only from western District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943, Cody 1956). Lepidium bourgeauanum Thell.--lowland southwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1960). Lesquerella calderi Mulligan & Porsild--an endemic of the Ogilvie Mountains in central Yukon and the east and west slopes of the Richardson Mountains (Mulligan and Porsild 1969, Cody 1978). Parrya arctica R. Br.--a high-arctic endemic of the palaeozoic parts of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago which is found as far south as Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1957). Parrya nudicaulis (L.) Regel--an amphi-Beringian species in our area known from the Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains and from a site on the Arctic Coast on Dolphin and Union Strait (Raup 1947). Rorippa barbareaefolia (DC.) Kitagawa--an amphi-Beringian species known in our area only fron a single collection from Fort McPherson (Hultén 1968). Rorippa calycina (Engelm.) Rydb.--known in Canada only from the mouth of the Anderson River on the Arctic Coast, disjunct by 2,500 miles from the nearest locations in Montana, U.S.A. (Mulligan and Porsild 1966). Rorippa crystallina Rollins--an endemic of the lowland area northwest of Great Slave Lake (Rollins 1962, Thieret 1963). 27 Smelowskia borealis (Greene) Drury & Rollins (Melandion boreale Greene)--an endemic of unglaciated mountains of central and northern Alaska, Yukon Territory and western District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Smelowskia calycina (Stephan) C.A. Mey. var. media Drury & Rollins--an endemic of N.E. Alaska, Yukon and the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1943, Cody et al in press). Subularia aquatica L. ssp. americana Mulligan and Calder--S. aquatica s.l. is circumpolar in distribution but with wide gaps; the ssp. americana is known in our area only from south central District of Keewatin, and Yellowknife, Indian Lake and the east end of Great Bear Lake in the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943, Cody 1956). Thellungiella salsuginea (Pall.) O.E. Schulz (Arabidopsis glauca(Nutt.) Rydb.--widely disjunct in our area from the Salt Plains west of Fort Smith to the Arctic Coast of the Mackenzie Delta (Porsild 1943, Cody 1956). SARRACENIACEAE Sarracenia purpurea L.--a North American species which is found in Canada from Newfoundland to northern British Columbia and southwestern District of Mackenzie, where it is quite rare (Cody and Talbot 1973). CRASSULACEAE Rhodiola integrifolia Raf.--an amphi-Beringian species which is found in our area only in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Raup 1947). Tillaea aquatica L.--a circumpolar species with wide gaps in distribution, known in our area only from Yellowknife Bay (Cody 1954a). SAX I FRAGACEAE Chrysosplenium wrightii Franch. & Sav.--an amphi-Beringian species penetrating our area only in the Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Heuchera richardsonii R. Br.--a North American species which is found in Canada from western Ontario to British Columbia and the Slave and Mackenzie river valleys in the District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). 28 Leptarrhena pyrolifolia (D. Don) Ser.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species which reaches northeast to the western parts of the Mackenzie Mountains (Cody 1978). Parnassia fimbriata Koenig--a Cordilleran species which enters the District of Mackenzie on the east slope of the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947), Saxifraga adscendens L. ssp. oregonensis (Raf.) Bacigalupi--a Cordilleran species found in our area only in the western parts of the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Saxifraga aizoon Jacq. var. neogaea Butters--this variety of the amphi-Atlantic S. aizoon is known with us only from the east end of Great Slave Lake, (Raup 1936), disjunct from its nearest station in southern Baffin Island by some 900 miles. Saxifraga bronchialis L. ssp. funstonii (Small) Hult.--amphi-Beringian, found in our area only in the Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1943). Saxifraga davurica Willd. ssp. grandipetala (Engl. & Irmsch.) Hult.--amphi-Beringian, reaching into our area in the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1966a, Porsild and Cody 1968). Saxifraga ferrunginea Grah.--a Pacific Coast species with us known only from a single and widely disjunct station on the lower Peel River west of the Mackenzie Delta (Porsild 1943). Saxifraga flagellaris Willd. ssp. flagellaris--S. flagellaris s. lat. is circumpolar, arctic-alpine; the ssp. flagellaris is amphi-Beringian and found with us only in the Richardson and Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1954). Saxifraga lyallii Engler--a Cordilleran species reaching the east slope of the Mackenzie Mountains in the District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Saxifraga punctata L. ssp. nelsoniana (D. Don) Hult.--ssp. nelsoniana is amphi-Beringian in distribution and barely enters the District of Mackenzie west of the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1951). Saxifraga radiata Small--an amphi-Beringian species known with us only in the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains (Raup 1947). Saxifraga reflexa Hook.--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon and the mountains of western Mackenzie District eastward near the Arctic Coast to Cape Dalhousie (Porsild 1943). 29 Saxifraga serpyllifolia Pursh--an amphi-Beringian, arctic-alpine species which enters the District of Mackenzie in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and is then disjunct to Melville Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Porsild and Cody 1968, Porsild 1945). ROSACEAE Chamaerhodos erecta (L.) Bge. ssp. nuttallii (T. & G.) Hult.--a western foothills and plains species which is the sole representative of a small, otherwise central Asiatic genus, known in our area from a single collection in the central Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Dryas alaskensis Porsild--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon and western District of Mackenzie where it is known in the Richardson Mountains and a disjunct station in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1947). Dryas crenulata Juz.--an amphi-Beringian species, in our area thus far known only eastwards to the Mackenzie River (Porsild 1947). Dryas hookeriana Juz.--a Cordilleran species with disjunct stations in the Mackenzie Mountains, southwest Yukon and the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska (Porsild 1947, Cody and Porsild 1968). Dryas octopetala L.--amphi-Beringian, reaching our area only in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Porsild 1947, Porsild and Cody 1968). Dryas punctata Juz.--a circumpolar species with large gaps in distribution, which in our area is rare in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1957, Cody et al in press). Fragaria vesca L. var. americana (Porter) Staudt--a boreal North American species which is found in Canada from Gaspé, Quebec to northern British Columbia, but with us known only from Fort Simpson where it may possibly be introduced (Raup 1947). Geum aleppicum Jacq. var. strictum (Ait.) Fern.--known in our area only from a few collections along the Slave, Liard and upper Mackenzie rivers (Raup 1947, Cody 1963). Geum glaciale Adams--an amphi-Beringian species which is rare in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1943, Porsild and Cody 1968). Geum rossii (R. Br.) Ser.--an amphi-Beringian species which in our area is known from only a few alpine sites in the Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). 30 Geum triflorum Pursh--a prairie species which is found in our area only south of Great Slave Lake (Thieret 1961). Luetkea pectinata (Pursh) Ktze.--a British Columbia-Alaska-Yukon species which barely enters the District of Mackenzie in the western parts of the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1943, Scotter and Cody 1974). Potentilla arguta Pursh--a North American prairie species which with us is found along the Slave River and about Great Slave Lake (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a). Potentilla biflora Willd.--an amphi-Beringian species which is found on alpine gravelly slopes in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974, Porsild and Cody 1968). Potentilla diversifolia Lehm. ssp. glaucophylla Lehm.--a Cordilleran species found in our area along the Liard River and in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Potentilla egedii Wormskj.—--circumpolar, found only in the tidal zone of the Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay (Polunin 1940, Cody 1965a). Potentilla elegans Cham. & Schl.--an amphi-Beringian species known with us from only a few alpine stations in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). Potentilla pulchella R. Br.--a circumpolar, high-arctic species, with us known only from along the Arctic Coast and Hudson Bay (Porsild 1943, Polunin 1940). Potentilla rubricaulis Lehm.--with us known from along the Arctic Coast, Great Bear Lake, central District of Keewatin and adjacent District of Mackenzie, and the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, but apparently nowhere common (Porsild 1943, 1957, Porsild and Cody 1968). Potentilla tridentata Sol.--an eastern North American species which is found in sandy and rocky situations south of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956, Scotter 1966). Potentilla uniflora Ledeb. (P. ledebouriana Porsild)--an amphi-Beringian--Cordilleran species which is frequent in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and known also from the west end of Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947, Porsild and Cody 1968). 31 Potentilla vahliana Lehm.--a high-arctic endemic of the Arctic Archipelago which is found along the Arctic Coast and south to eastern Great Bear Lake and central District of Keewatin (Porsild 1957). Prunus pensylvanica L.--with us known only along river banks north to Fort Simpson (Raup 1947, Cody 1963, Scotter and Cody 1974). Prunus virginiana L.--local along the Enterprise-Mackenzie Highway and in Nahanni National Park (Thieret 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). Rosa blanda Ait.--known in our area only from along the Mackenzie River about latitude 63°N, an area which is disjunct by some 900 miles from the nearest locality in Alberta (Porsild 1945). Rosa woodsii Lindl.--river banks and lake shores along the Hay, Mackenzie and Liard rivers north to vicinity of Wrigley (Raup 1947). Rubus paracaulis Bailey--in our area known only from the vicinity of Hay River (Cody 1956). Sanguisorba officinalis L.--a circumpolar species which in our area is known only in the Mackenzie River Delta (Cody and Porsild 1968). Sibbaldia procumbens L.--a circumpolar species (with several large gaps) which with us is found in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, the west end of Great Bear Lake and several stations in the District of Keewatin (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Sorbus scopulina Greene--a Cordilleran species which barely enters southwestern District of Mackenzie (Scotter and Cody 1974, Jeffrey 1961). Spiraea beauverdiana Schneid.--an amphi-Beringian species found in our area in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, and the Reindeer Grazing Preserve (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). LEGUMINOSAE Astragalus aboriginum Richards.--a Cordilleran prairie and foothill species found occasionally in the upper Mackenzie Basin north to Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947). Astragalus agrestis Dougl. (A. goniatus Nutt.)--a prairie and foothill species which is rare in the Mackenzie Valley north to near the Arctic Circle (Raup 1947, Cody 1956). 32 Astragalus americanus (Hook.) M.E. Jones--occasional about Great Slave Lake and northward down the Mackenzie River to Norman Wells (Raup 1947, Cody 1960). Astragalus canadensis L.--known in our area only from the valley of the Liard River (Scotter and Cody 1974). Astragalus richardsonii Sheldon--an endemic of northern District of Mackenzie and the western islands of the Arctic Archipelago (Porsild 1957). Astragalus striatus Nutt.--a western North American species which in our area occurs as far north as near Fort Simpson, but has as yet only been collected a few times (Cody 1956). Astragalus tenellus Pursh--a western North American species found occasionally northward along the Mackenzie and its tributaries to about 67°30'N latitude (Raup 1947). Astragalus umbellatus Bunge (A. frigidus (L.) Bunge var. littoralis (Hook.) Wats.--an amphi-Beringian,arctic alpine species reaching into the District of Mackenzie in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Raup 1947). Lathyrus japonicus Willd. var. aleuticus (Greene) Fern.--a circumpolar species which in our area is known only from the Mackenzie Delta and Coronation Gulf regions (Cody 1954b, 1956a). Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook.--a species of the southwestern lowlands of the District of Mackenzie as far north as Wrigley (Raup 1947). Oxytropis arctobia Bunge--endemic of the Arctic Archipelago and the Arctic Coast and rare inland to Great Bear Lake (Polunin 1940, Porsild 1957). Oxytropis bellii (Britt.) Palibine--an endemic of Northern Hudson Bay and central District of Keewatin (Polunin 1940, Porsild 1957). Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) DC. var. foliolosa (Hook.) Barneby--a subarctic-alpine subspecies which in our area is found on the Arctic Coast, Mackenzie Delta and Mackenzie Mountains (Cody 1954b). Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) DC. var. sericea T. & G. (O. retrorsa Fern.)--occasional in the Mackenzie Valley north to Fort Norman (Cody 1956). Oxytropis jordalii Porsild--an endemic of northern Alaska, Yukon, and the Mackenzie Mountains in western District of Mackenzie (Scotter and Cody 1974). 33 Oxytropis nigrescens (Pall.) Fisch. ssp. bryophylla (Greene) Hult.--throughout Alaska, but rare in the Yukon and Mackenzie and Richardson mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Cody 1978). Oxytropis nigrescens (Pall.) Fisch. ssp. pygmaea (Fern.) Hult.--this amphi-Beringian subspecies is found on the Arctic coasts of Alaska and in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains of the District of Mackenzie and the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Oxytropis scammaniana Hult.--the single locality in the central Mackenzie Mountains is disjunct from the main range of the species in the Yukon Territory and Alaska (Cody and Porsild 1968). Oxytropis sheldonensis Porsild--known in our area from a single collection from the central Mackenzie Mountains; it is a rare endemic of northwestern North America (Cody and Porsild 1968). Oxytropis spicata (Hook.) Standl.--a Cordilleran foothill species barely reaching our area in the upper Liard River region (Raup 1947). GERANTACEAE Geranium richardsonii Fisch. & Trautv.--a Cordilleran species known in our area only from hot spring meadows in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974). CALLITRICHACEAE Callitriche anceps Fern.--a North American species found from Newfoundland to Alaska, but as yet known from only a single locality in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). B ALSAMINACEAE Impatiens capensis Meerb.--a boreal American species known in our area only from the upper Liard River valley (Jeffrey 1961). ELATINACEAE Elatine triandra Schk. s.l.--a western American-Eurasian species known in our area from a single locality northwest of Yellowknife (Thieret 1963b). 34 CISTACEAE Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt.--a boreal North American species known in our area only from sandy situations on the north side of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956). VIOLACEAE Viola epipsila Ledeb. ssp. repens (Turcz.) Becker--an amphi-Beringian species reaching the Mackenzie River valley (Raup 1947). Viola nephrophylla Greene--a boreal North American species which is of rare occurrence north to Great Bear Lake (Thieret 1961). Viola pallens (Banks) Brainerd--a boreal North American species of infrequent occurrence north to Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). Viola palustris L.--a circumpolar species known in our area only from southeastern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Chilcott 1955). Viola rugulosa Greene--a western North American species which enters our area only in the Liard and South Nahanni river valleys (Jeffrey 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). Viola palustris L.--a circumpolar species known in our area only from southeastern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Chilcott 1955). Viola rugulosa Greene--a western North American species which enters our area only in the Liard and south Nahanni river valleys (Jeffrey 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). ONAGRACEAE Circaea alpina L.--a circumpolar species known in our area only from the upper Liard River valley and by hotsprings in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961, Scotter and Cody 1974). Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam.--a circumpolar (with several gaps) subarctic-alpine species found in our area only in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and at Great Bear Lake (Raup 1974). Epilobium arcticum Samuelss. (E. davuricum Fisch. ex Hornem. var. arcticum (Samuelss.) Polunin--an amphi-Atlantic species known from across the Arctic Archipelago, but in our area only from the Hudson Bay Coast and the Richardson Mountains (Polunin 1940). 35 Epilobium ciliatum Raf. (E. glandulosum Lehm. var. perplexans (Trel.) Fern.)--a boreal American species known in our area growing adjacent to hotsprings in the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Epilobium davuricum Fisch.--a subarctic, circumpolar species found in our area in central District of Keewatin, about Great Bear Lake and extreme northwestern District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Epilobium lactiflorum Haussk.--an arctic-alpine species known with us only in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Epilobium leptophyllum Raf.--a boreal North American Species known from a single collection from the Liard River valley (Cody and Porsild 1968). HALORAGACEAE Hippuris montana Ledeb.--a far western North American species which is disjunct and rare in the central Mackenzie Mountains where it is known from a single collection from Brintnell Lake (Raup 1947). Hippuris tetraphylla L.f.--a circumpolar littoral species found in our area on the Arctic Coast and coast of Hudson Bay (Polunin 1940, Cody 1965a). Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC.--amphi-Atlantic, known with us only from Great Bear Lake and the Eskimo Lake Basin (Porsild 1943). ARALIACEAE Aralia nudicaulis L.--boreal North America, occurring as far north as Fort Simpson in the District of Mackenzie (Cody 1956, Scotter and Cody 1974). UMB ELLIFERAE Bupleurum americanum Coult. & Rose--amphi-Beringian, extending through the Richardson Mountains as far east as the Anderson River (Cody 1965a). Cicuta bulbifera L.--boreal North America, rare and local in the Mackenzie Valley north to Norman Wells (Cody 1960). 36 Cicuta maculata L. var. angustifolia Hook.--rare in the upper Mackenzie drainage north to Fort Simpson (Cody 1963). Coelpleurum gmelinii (DC.) Ledeb. (Angelica lucida sensu Hultén 1968)--this species is mainly coastal amphi-Beringian but extends inland up the west flowing rivers into central Alaska and is disjunct to the Itsi Range in eastern Yukon and extreme southwestern District of Mackenzie at Pointed Mountain in the Liard Range. Conioselinum cnidiifolium (Turcz.) Porsild--an amphi-Beringian species found in our area only in northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1965a). Osmorhiza depauperata Phil. (0. obtusa (Coult. & Rose) Fern.)--a boreal North American species, with us known only from the slopes of Mount Coty adjacent to the Liard River at Fort Liard (Cody 1963). CORNACEAE Cornus suecica L.--known in our area from a single station north of the east arm of Great Slave Lake (Cody and Porsild 1968). PYROLACEAE Chimaphila umbellata (L.) Bart. var. occidentalis (Rydb.) Blake--Fort Smith, Webber, 23 July 1978 (DAO). New to the Continental Northwest Territories. The species is circumpolar; var. occidentalis occurs from Alaska east to Manitoba and south into the western United States; it barely enters the District of Mackenzie along the Slave River overlooking the Rapids of the Drowned. ERICACEAE Cassiope hypnoides (L.) D. Don--an amphi-Atlantic species which has been found on the Keewatin coast of Hudson Bay and in the Thelon Game Sanctuary in eastern District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don ssp. saximontana (Small) Porsild--this is a Cordilleran subspecies of the circumpolar C. tetragona, which enters the District of Mackenzie in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). 37 Oxycoccus quadripetalus Gil. (Vaccinium oxycoccus L.)--circumpolar, thus far known only from muskegs and shores adjacent to the Liard and upper Mackenzie rivers (Cody 1960). Phyllodoce coerulea (L.) Bab.--a circumpolar, (with large gaps), arctic-alpine species which in our area is known from the barren grounds between Hudson Bay and longitude 11200 (Cody 1953, Porsild 1943). Phyllodoce empetriformis (Sm.) D. Don--Cordilleran, entering our area in the southern and western parts of the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Phyllodoce glandulifera (Hook.) Cov.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species known in our area only from the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.--a boreal North American species known from a single collection on the west slope of the Liard Range of the Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961). Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl.--a Cordilleran, woodland species which like the previous species is known from a single collection from the west slope of the Liard Range of the Mackenzie Mountains (Jeffrey 1961). Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.--a boreal North American species which barely enters our area on the Pre-Cambrian Shield south of Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956). DIAPENSIACEAE Diapensia lapponica L.--an amphi-Atlantic species found on the barren grounds between Hudson Bay and longitude 108°W (Porsild 1943). Diapensia obovata (Fr. Schm.) Nakai--amphi-Beringian, arctic-alpine, frequent in Alaska, but rare in the Richardson Mountains and southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1943, Scotter and Cody 1974). PRIMULACEAE Dodecatheon frigidum C. & S.--amphi-Beringian, barely entering the District of Mackenzie in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Dodecatheon pulchellum (Raf.) Merr. ssp. pauciflorum (Greene) Hult.--wet meadows and saline flats in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). 38 Douglasia arctica Hook.--endemic of Alaska, Yukon Territory and the Richardson Mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Glaux maritima L. var. obtusifolia Fern.--a circumpolar species (with large gaps), which in our area is common on the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith and rare in saline seepage areas along the lower Slave and upper Mackenzie rivers (Raup 1947). Primula borealis Duby--moist saline meadows along the Arctic Coast east to longitude 130°W (Cody 1956a). Primula incana M.E. Jones--meadows, wet clearings and lake shores about Great Slave Lake and rare down the Mackenzie River to latitude 66°N (Raup 1947). Primula tschuktschorum Kjellm. ssp. cairnesiana Porsild--this subspecies is endemic to eastern Alaska and the Richardson Mountains adjacent to the Yukon-Mackenzie border (Porsild 1966b). Trientalis europaea L. ssp. arctica (Fisch.) Hult.--an amphi-Beringian species in our area found only near the west end of Great Slave Lake (Raup 1947). PLUMB AGINACEAE Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. ssp. arctica (Cham.) Hult.--this subspecies of the circumpolar A. maritima, is amphi-Beringian, and is found in our area only along the Arctic Coast as far east as Bernard Harbour (Cody 1965a). GENTIANACEAE Gentiana affinis Griseb.--in the District of Mackenzie known from a McTavish specimen collected in 1856 labelled “immediate vicinity, of Fort Good Hope”, but recently collected on gravel bars of the Keele River in the Mackenzie Mountains and near Heart Lake in the southwest, widely disjunct from the main range south of the South Saskatchewan River (Cody and Porsild 1968, Cody and Talbot 1978). Gentiana glauca Pall.--an amphi-Beringian species which is found in moist alpine meadows in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Raup 1947, Porsild 1943). Gentiana macounii Holm--rare and local on gravelly beaches in the upper Mackenzie Valley where it is widely disjunct from the main range south of the Saskatchewan River (Thieret 1961). 39 Gentiana prostrata Haenke--amphi-Beringian, extending across Alaska and the Yukon Territory into the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Jeffrey 1961, Porsild and Cody 1968). Gentiana raupii Porsild--an endemic of the Mackenzie River Basin (Porsild 1943). Gentiana richardsonii Porsild--endemic of the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie and Kotzebue Sound, Alaska (Porsild 1951, G. ? detonsa sensu Porsild 1943). Gentiana tenella Rottb.--circumpolar with many disjunct populations, found in our area on the coast of Coronation Gulf and the shores of Hudson Bay (Savile and Calder 1952, Cody 1954b). Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ssp. rotatum (Pleurogyne rotata and P. carinata sensu Macoun & Holm)--the typical subspecies is found along the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie, Great Bear Lake, and the Hudson Bay shore (Macoun and Holm 1921, Polunin 1940). Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ssp. tenuifolium (Griseb.) Porsild--with us found in the upper Mackenzie River basin (Porsild 1966a). APOCYNACEAE Apocynum androsaemifolium L.-~-sandy woods and dry river banks in the upper Mackenzie drainage (Raup 1947, Cody 1963). Apocynum sibiricum Jacq.--in our area known only from exposed river banks at Hay River and Fort Simpson (Raup 1947, Cody 1956). POLEMONIACEAE Collomia linearis Nutt.--a North American species known in Canada from New Brunswick to British Columbia, which in our area is found in townsites and other disturbed situations, where it may be introduced (Raup 1947). Phlox alaskensis Jordal (P. sibirica sensu Porsild and Cody 1968)--endemic of Alaska, Yukon Territory and the Richardson Mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie (P. richardsonii sensu Porsild 1943). Phlox richardsonii Hook.--endemic of northwest Alaska, northern Yukon, the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie and Banks Island (Hooker 1838). 40 Polemonium boreale Adams--amphi-Beringian eastward to the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and along the Arctic Coast to about longitude 117°w (Raup 1947, Cody 1965a). Polemonium pulcherrimum Hook.--a western North American species found in our area in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and east to the Anderson River and Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). HYDROPHYLLACEAE Hydrophyllum franklinii (R. Br.) Gray--a western North American species found in dry sandy or disturbed situations about Great Slave Lake and rare at Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947). BORAGINACEAE Eritrichium splendens Kearney--an endemic of Alaska, northern Yukon, and the Richardson Mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Hackelia americana (A. Gray) Fern.--a North American species which in Canada is found from Quebec to British Columbia, north into southern District of Mackenzie along the Slave and Mackenzie rivers as far as Fort Simpson (Cody 1956). Mertensia drummondii (Lehm.) G. Don--endemic to the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie, southern Victoria Island, and northwestern Alaska, but not a sea shore species (Hooker 1838). Mertensia maritima (L.) S.F. Gray--restricted to the sea beaches of Hudson Bay and the Arctic Coast (Polunin 1940, Hooker 1838). Mertensia paniculata (Ait.) G. Don var. alaskana (Britt.) Williams--a northwestern endemic variety of the boreal M. paniculata which is known in our area from a single collection in the Mackenzie Mountains (Cody and Porsild 1968). Myosotis alpestris Schm. ssp. asiatica Vestergr.--an amphi-Beringian species which extends into the Mackenzie Mountains, Richardson Mountains and the Caribou Hills on the east side of the Mackenzie River Delta (Raup 1947, Cody 1965a). LAB IATAE Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Ktze.--a North American plains species which is rare in the District of Mackenzie where it is known from only two early collections from Resolution and the Mackenzie River (Raup 1947). 41 Lycopus uniflorus Michx.--rare in the Pre-Cambrian Shield area south of Great Slave Lake (Scotter 1966). Physostegia parviflora Nutt.--in Canada this species is found from Manitoba to British Columbia, and barely enters the District of Mackenzie along the Salt River west of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). SCROPHULARIACEAE Castilleja hyperborea Pennell--amphi-Beringian, extending eastward to the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, and along the Arctic Coast to Cape Parry (Porsild 1943, Porsild and Cody 1968). Castilleja yukonis Pennell--an endemic of central interior Alaska, southwestern Yukon Territory, and the Mackenzie River Delta in northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody 1978). Euphrasia arctica Lge.--an amphi-Atlantic species found in our area only at the mouth of the McConnell River on the Hudson Bay shore of the District of Keewatin (Cody and Porsild 1968). Euphrasia subarctica Raup--a western North American species known in the District of Mackenzie from only a few widely separated localities north to Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947, Porsild and Cody 1968). Lagotis stelleri (Cham. & Schlecht.) Rupr.--amphi-Beringian, barely reaching the District of Mackenzie in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Porsild 1943, Cody 1978). Limosella aquatica L.--a circumpolar species thus far known in our area only from McTavish Bay of Great Bear Lake and the west coast of Hudson Bay (Porsild 1943, Porsild and Cody 1968). Mimulus guttatus DC.--a western North American species which is found in our area only by hot springs in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974). Orthocarpus luteus Nutt.--in Canada found from Manitoba to British Columbia and north to latitude 60°30'N. on the Slave River (Cody 1978). Pedicularis flammea L.--an amphi-Atlantic species known from a few collections across the District of Keewatin and eastern District of Mackenzie to Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). 42 Pedicularis hirsuta L.--an amphi-Atlantic species known in our area from the Hudson Bay coast of the District of Keewatin and Queen Maud Gulf on the Arctic Coast (Porsild 1943, 1957). Pedicularis oederi Retz.--an amphi-Beringian species, barely entering our area in the Richardson Mountains adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Pedicularis parviflora J.E. Smith--in our area known only from the mouth of the McConnell River on the Hudson Bay coast, and from near the west end of Great Slave Lake in the District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968, Cody and Talbot 1978). Pedicularis verticillata L.--amphi-Beringian, found in our area only in the Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1951). Penstemon gormanii Greene--an endemic of central Alaska, Yukon Territory, and the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Synthyris borealis Pennell--an endemic of central Alaska, Yukon Territory and the Richardson Mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Veronica americana Schwein.--in our area known only from about hot springs in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Scotter and Cody 1974). Veronica peregrina L. var. xalapensis (HBK.) St. John & Warren--in our area known from only a few collections north to Fort Simpson (Raup 1947). Veronica scutellata L.--a circumpolar species found in our area only in southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a). Veronica wormskjoldii Roem. & Schult. ssp. wormskjoldii (V. alpina var. unalaschcensis Cham. & Schlecht.)--in our area found in the western parts of the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, western Great Bear Lake and rare in eastern District of Mackenzie and southern district of Keewatin (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Veronica wormskjoldii Roem. & Schult. ssp. alterniflora (Fern.) Pennell (V. alpina var. alterniflora Fern).--a Cordilleran alpine subspecies barely entering our area in the central Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). 43 LENTIB ULARIACEAE Utricularia minor L.--circumpolar, known from a few scattered collections north to Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947, Cody 1956). Utricularia ochroleuca Hartm.--circumpolar, known only from the Mackenzie Basin (Porsild 1943). PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago eriopoda Torr.--a North American species found north along the Mackenzie River to the Delta, where it is apparently restricted to saline situations (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947, Cody 1978). Plantago juncoides Lam. var. glauca (Hornem.) Fern.--an amphi-Atlantic taxon of sea-beaches and saline springs, known in our area only from the east end of Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). RUB IACEAE Galium brandegei Gray--an eastern sub-arctic alpine species reaching our area on the west coast of Hudson Bay (Cody and Porsild 1968). Galium kamtshaticum Steller--eastern Asia, coastal Alaska and disjunct to the Mackenzie Delta and several stations in eastern North America (Cody and Porsild 1968). Galium labradoricum Wieg.--Newfoundland to Alberta, north beyond 60°N in central District of Keewatin, and to Great Slave Lake in the District of Mackenzie (Jeffrey 1961, Theiret 1963a). Galium tinctorium L. var. subbiflorum (Wieg.) Fern.--boreal North American barely entering the District of Mackenzie south of Great Slave Lake (Cody and Porsild 1968). Galium triflorum Michx.--circumpolar, entering the District of Mackenzie in the Slave and Liard river valleys (Cody 1961). CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera dioica L. var. glaucescens (Rydb.) Butters--a North American species extending north in our area to Great Slave Lake and Fort Simpson (Raup 1947). 44 Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake--a North American species which extends only slightly north of 60°N latitude near Fort Smith (Raup 1947). Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook.--a North American species which in Canada is found from Ontario to British Columbia, north to Great Slave Lake and Fort Simpson (Raup 1947, Cody 1961). ADOXACEAE Adoxa moschatellina L.--a circumpolar species (with large gaps) known in our area only from the upper Liard River (Jeffrey 1961). VALERIANACEAE Valeriana capitata Pall.--amphi-Beringian, found in our area in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains and the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1943, Cody 1965a). Valeriana septentrionalis Rydb.--a North American species rare and local in the upper Mackenzie drainage north to Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1943). Valeriana sitchensis Bong.--a Cordilleran species barely entering the District of Mackenzie on the east slope of the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1945). CAMPANULACEAE Campanula aurita Greene--an endemic of interior Alaska, the Yukon Territory and Mackenzie Mountains in western District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Campanula lasiocarpa Cham.--east Asia and western North America, entering our area in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Campanula rotundifolia L.--circumpolar (with large gaps), found in our area in southwestern District of Mackenzie, north down the Mackenzie River to near Norman Wells (Raup 1947). LOB ELIACEAE 0 o Lobelia dortmanna L.--S.W. of Abitau lake, 60 22'N, 107 19'W, Ovenden & Rowe 776 (DAO). New to the Continental Northwest Territories. An amphi-Atlantic species which is of rare occurrence in western Canada. The collection cited here extends the known range northward from Lake Athabaska in northern Saskatchewan. 45 Lobelia kalmii L.--a North American species found in Canada from Newfoundland to the interior of British Columbia north in the District of Mackenzie to just beyond Fort Simpson (Raup 1947). COMPOSITAE oseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene--a Cordilleran species found in our area only adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. ssp. scorzoneraefolia (Schrad.) Piper--a North American species found in our area on the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith and disjunct to the Caribou Hills on the east side of the Mackenzie River Delta and similar situations along the Anderson River to the east (Cody 1963). Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. var. subalpina Gray--a western variety, found in our area only in the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Antennaria alborosea Porsild--central Alaska to the Mackenzie Mountains and Great Bear Lake (Porsild 1950). Antennaria campestris Rydb.--plains and prairies north to Great Slave Lake and near Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River (Porsild 1950). Antennaria canescens (Lge.) Malte--an eastern subarctic North American species found in central District of Keewatin and the north side of Great Slave Lake (Porsild 1965). Antennaria crymophila Porsild--in our area known only from the type locality on the Caribou Hills on the east side of the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1943). Antennaria densifolia Porsild--an endemic of the Mackenzie Mountains in southwestern District of Mackenzie and the mountains of central Yukon (Porsild 1950). Antennaria elegans Porsild--mountains of southeast and central Yukon and northern British Columbia and disjunct to Great Bear Lake and the east end of Great Slave Lake (Porsild 1950). Antennaria glabrata (J. Vahl) Greene--central west Greenland and southern Baffin Island with disjunct stations near Wager Bay, northeast of Great Slave Lake, and the high peaks of the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains (Porsild 1965). Antennaria monocephala DC.--an amphi-Beringian species reaching our area in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1950). 46 Antennaria neoalaskana Porsild--an endemic from the eastern Brooks Range, Alaska, south over the Richardson Mountains to the central Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1950). Antennaria philonipha Porsild--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon, Mackenzie and Richardson mountains east to the Anderson River (Porsild 1950). Antennaria pygmaea Fern.--an arctic-alpine species known in our area from central District of Keewatin, Great Bear Lake, and the Mackenzie River Delta (Porsild 1965). Antennaria stolonifera Porsild--an endemic of central Alaska, central and southeastern Yukon, and the western parts of the Mackenzie Mountains in the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1950). Antennaria subcanescens Ostenf.--an arctic species found occasionally along the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie and District of Keewatin (Porsild 1965). Antennaria subviscosa Fern.--southwestern Mackenzie Mountains and southern Yukon, disjunct to Lake Athabaska, Lake Superior and eastern Canada (Porsild 1950). Antennaria ungavensis (Fern.) Malte--an endemic of northern Ungava, Keewatin and the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains (Porsild 1965). Arnica amplexicaulis Nutt.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species known in our area from only two stations on the east slope of the Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Arnica chamissonis Less. ssp. foliosa (Nutt.) Maguire--a western North American species found in Canada from James Bay to the southern Yukon Territory, and known in our area only from southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Thieret 1963a, Scotter and Cody 1974). Arnica chamissonis Less. ssp. incana (Gray) Maguire--in our area in the lower Slave and upper Mackenzie valleys, thence southward to California (Maguire 1943). Arnica cordifolia Hook.--a Cordilleran species barely entering our area along the lower Liard and adjacent mountainsides (Raup 1947, Jeffery 1961). Arnica latifolia Bong.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species barely crossing the Mackenzie-Yukon watershed in MacMillan Pass and the upper Flat River (Cody and Porsild 1968). 47 Arnica lessingii Greene--amphi-Beringian, reaching our area in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Raup 1947, Porsild 1943). Arnica mollis Hook.--a Cordilleran species, rare in the northern part of its range and with us known only from the southwestern Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Artemisia alaskana Rydb.--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon and the Richardson Mountains of northwestern District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Artemisia arctica Less. ssp. arctica--amphi-Beringian, reaching our area in the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains (Raup 1947, Porsild 1943). Artemisia hyperborea Rydb.--an endemic of northwestern North America, in our area known from the East Branch of the Mackenzie Delta, the Arctic Coast, Great Bear Lake, and the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1943, Cody et al in press). Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. var. gnaphalodes (Nutt.) T. & G.--a North American prairie and open woodland species barely entering the District of Mackenzie south of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Artemisia richardsoniana Bess.--an endemic of Northwestern North America, in our area found only along the Arctic Coast of the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1943). Aster alpinus ssp. vierhapperi Onno--Cordilleran, in our area along the Mackenzie River and its tributaries from Great Slave Lake north to the east slope of the Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Aster brachyactis Blake (A. angustus (Lindl.) T. & G.)--a boreal North American species found in our area only about Great Slave Lake (Cody 1956). Aster falcatus Lindl.--a western prairie species barely entering the District of Mackenzie adjacent to the Slave River (Raup 1947 pro parte). Aster franklinianus Rydb.--a western prairie species found in our area north to Great Slave Lake and Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River. Aster nahanniensis Cody--an endemic of the Mackenzie Mountains of western District of Mackenzie where it is found by hot springs (Scotter and Cody 1974). 48 Aster pauciflorus Cronq.--a North American prairie and foothills species entering the District of Mackenzie only on the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Aster pygmaeus Lindl.--an endemic to the western Arctic Archipelago and adjacent mainland of the District of Mackenzie (Hooker 1834). Aster spathulatus Lindl.--an endemic of the central Mackenzie River drainage (Raup 1947). Aster yukonensis Cronq.--a rare endemic of northwestern North America known in our area from one locality in the central Mackenzie Mountains, and another in the Mackenzie River valley near Norman Wells (Cody 1978). Bidens cernua L.--circumpolar, in our area known north to Great Slave lake and Fort Simpson on the Upper Mackenzie River (Cody 1956, Thieret 1963a). Chrysanthemum arcticum L.--circumpolar, in our area found along the Arctic Coast east of the Mackenzie Delta, and on the shores of Hudson Bay (Porsild 1943, Polunin 1940). Cirsium drummondii T. & G.--a North American prairie species found in Canada from northwestern Ontario to eastern British Columbia, north into the District of Mackenzie along the Slave River and with an early record “to the Bear River” (Raup 1947). Cirsium foliosum (Hook.) DC.--British Columbia and Alberta north in our area to the lower Slave River (Cody and Porsild 1968). Crepis elegans Hook.--a western North American species found occasionally north along the Mackenzie River and its tributaries to the Arctic Coast (Raup 1947). Erigeron acris L. var debilis Gray (E. jucundus Greene)--a Cordilleran variety barely entering our area in the Mackenzie Mountains of southwestern District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Erigeron grandiflorus Hook. ssp. arcticus Porsild--rare in central Alaska, Yukon, northwestern District of Mackenzie and western Victoria Island (Porsild 1974). Erigeron pallens Cronq.--our stations in the central Mackenzie Mountains are disjunct from alpine stations in the mountains of southwestern Alberta (Cody and Porsild 1968). Erigeron philadelphicus L.--a wide ranging boreal species found with us along the Slave, Liard and Mackenzie rivers north to latitude 63°N (Raup 1947). 49 Erigeron purpuratus Greene--an endemic of northern British Columbia, Alaska, Yukon, and the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Erigeron yukonensis Rydb.--an endemic of central Yukon, the southern Mackenzie Mountains, Mackenzie Delta and Arctic Coast east to Coronation Gulf (Porsild 1974). Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal--a North American prairie and foothill species barely entering the District of Mackenzie south of Great Slave Lake (Raup 1947). Haplopappus uniflorus (Hook.) T. & G. (H. lanceolatus (Hook.) T. & G. var. sublanatus Cody)--a western priaire foothill species barely entering the District of Mackenzie on the Salt Plain west of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Helenium autumnale L. var. grandiflorum (Nutt.) T. & G.--meadows and streambanks north to Fort Simpson (Raup 1947, Cody 1956). Hieracium albiflorum Hook.--Cordilleran, known in our area only from the southern Mackenzie Mountains (Porsild 1961). Hieracium gracile Hook.--Cordilleran, extending across the Mackenzie Mountains to Great Bear Lake (Raup 1947). Hieracium triste Willd.--a Beringian and mainly coastal species found in alpine situations in central Yukon and in the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie adjacent to the Yukon border (Cody and Porsild 1968). Petasites arcticus Porsild--an endemic to the Mackenzie Delta region south along the east slope of the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains (Porsild 1943, Scotter and Cody 1974). Petasites hyperboreus Rydb.--a Cordilleran-Pacific Coast species barely entering the District of Mackenzie along the Yukon-Mackenzie divide (Cody and Porsild 1968). Petasites vitifolius Greene--a North American species found in Canada from Labrador to the Yukon Territory, but barely entering our area in the southern parts of the Districts of Keewatin and Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Saussurea angustifolia (Willd.) DC. var yukonensis Porsild--var. yukonensis of the circumpolar S. angustifolia, is endemic to Alaska, Yukon and the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1945). 50 Senecio eremophilus Richards.--a western species barely entering the District of Mackenzie north of Fort Smith (Cody 1956). Senecio hyperborealis Greenm.--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon east through the Mackenzie and Richardson mountains to Great Bear Lake and Banks Island (Raup 1947). Senecio kjellmanii Porsild--an endemic of arctic-alpine northwest America and east Asia, found in our area in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Senecio lindstroemii (Ostf.) Porsild--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon, and the Richardson and northern Mackenzie mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947, Porsild 1943). Senecio pauciflorus Pursh--a North American species found from Newfoundland to British Columbia and Alaska, but barely entering our area in southwest District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Senecio cymbalaria Pursh (S. resedifolius Less.)--amphi-Beringian, entering the District of Mackenzie in the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains, and disjunct to Gaspé and southwestern Newfoundland (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Senecio sheldonensis Porsild--an endemic of Central Yukon south to northern British Columbia and rare in the Mackenzie Mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Cody and Porsild 1968). Senecio triangularis Hook.--a Cordilleran species, entering the District of Mackenzie in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947, Scotter and Cody 1974). Senecio yukonensis Porsild--an endemic of Alaska, Yukon and the Richardson and Mackenzie mountains of the District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1951, Scotter and Cody 1974). Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb. var. major (Michx.) Fern.--a western American variety known in our area only from the vicinity of Fort Simpson (Raup 1947). Tanacetum huronense Nutt.--a North American species known from Newfoundland to Alaska, but thus far found only at a single station in the Mackenzie Delta in the District of Mackenzie (Raup 1947). Taraxacum alaskanum Rydb.--a northwestern North American species, known in our area from the ° Mackenzie and Richardson mountains, and along the Arctic Coast east to longitude 125 W. (Porsild 1943, Raup 1947). Si! Taraxacum dumetorum Greene--a western species found from James Bay to the Yukon Territory, entering the District of Mackenzie in the southwest and disjunct to the Mackenzie Delta (Jeffrey 1961). Taraxacum hyperboreum Dahlst.--a Canadian arctic species found in our area along the Arctic Coast and about Great Bear Lake (Haglund 1943). Taraxacum integratum Hagl.--an endemic of Alaska, central Yukon, Mackenzie Delta and Great Bear Lake (Cody and Porsild 1968). Taraxacum lapponicum Kihlm.--an amphi-Atlantic species found in our area in eastern District of Mackenzie and at Brintnell Lake in the Mackenzie Mountains (Raup 1947). Taraxacum mackenziense Porsild--an endemic of the lower Mackenzie River valley (Porsild 1974). Taraxacum maurolepium Hagl.--endemic to Alaska, Yukon and the Mackenzie Mountains and Mackenzie River Delta region in western District of Mackenzie (Haglund 1949). Taraxacum pellianum Porsild--an endemic of the Yukon, Mackenzie Mountains and the lower Mackenzie River valley (Cody and Porsild 1968). Taraxacum phymatocarpum J. Vahl--a North American arctic species, found in our area only along the Arctic Coast and in the Richardson Mountains (Porsild 1957). Taraxacum pseudonorvegicum Dahlst.--an eastern endemic thus far known only from southwestern Baffin Island, and in the District of Keewatin from Chesterfield Inlet to the upper Thelon River (Haglund 1943). Taraxacum pumilum Dahlst.--a high arctic species known in our area only from the Arctic Coast west to the Mackenzie Delta (Cody 1978). Taraxacum sibiricum Dahlst.--amphi-Beringian, ranging across Alaska and Yukon to the Mackenzie Mountains of western District of Mackenzie (Porsild 1974). 52 REFERENCES Bassett, I. J. and C. W. Crompton. 1973. The genus Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) in Canada and Alaska. III. Three hexaploid annuals: A. subspicata, A. gmelinii and A. alaskensis. Canadian Journal of Botany 51: 1715-1723. Bassett, I. J. and C. W. Crompton. 1978. The genus Suaeda (Chenopodiaceae) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 581-591. Bowden, W. M. 1960. Chromosome numbers and taxonomic notes on northern grasses. Canadian Journal of Botany S8 Wiles Bowden, W. M. and W. J. Cody. 1961. Recognition of Elymus sibiricus L. from Alaska and the District of Mackenzie. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 88: 153-155. Cody, W. J. 1953. Phyllodoce coerulea in North America. Canadian Field-Naturalist 67: 131-134. Cody, W. J. 1954a. A history of Tillaea aquatica (Crassulaceae) in Canada and Alaska. Rhodora 56: 96-101. Cody, W. J. 1954b. Plant records from Coppermine, Mackenzie District, N.W.T. Canadian Field-Naturalist 68: 110-117. Cody, W. J. 1956. New plant records for northern Alberta and southern Mackenzie District. Canadian Field-Naturalist 70: 101-130. Cody, W. J. 1960. Plants of the vicinity of Norman Wells, Mackenzie District, Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 74: 71-100. Cody, W. J. 1961. New plant records from the upper Mackenzie River valley, Mackenzie District, Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 75: 55-69. Cody, W. J. 1963. A contribution to the knowledge of the flora of southwestern Mackenzie District. Canadian Field-Naturalist 77: 108-123. Cody, W. J. 1965a. Plants of the Mackenzie River Delta and Reindeer Grazing Preserve. Plant Research Institute, Canada Agriculture, Ottawa. 56pp. Cody, W. J. 1965b. New plant records from northwestern Mackenzie District, N.W.T. Canadian Field-Naturalist 79: 96-106. 53 Cody, W. J. 1967. Elymus sibiricus (Gramineae) new to British Columbia. Canadian Field-Naturalist 81: 275-276. Cody, W. J. 1971. A phytogeographic study of the floras of the continental Northwest Territories and Yukon. Naturaliste canadien 98: 145-158. Cody W. J. 1975. Scheuchzeria palustris L. (Scheuchzeriaceae) in Northwestern North America. Canadian Field-Naturalist 89: 69-71. Cody, We J. 1978). Range extensions and comments on the vascular flora of the Continental Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 92: 144-150. Cody.) Wen JiemandeJiemGe Chilcott = 1955: Plant collections from Matthews and Muskox lakes, Mackenzie District, N.W.T. Canadian Field-Naturalist 69: 153-162. Cody, W. J. and A. E. Porsild. 1967. Potamogeton illinoensis, new to Mackenzie District. Blue Jay 25: 28-29. Cody, W. J. and A. E. Porsild. 1968. Additions to the flora of Continental Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 82: 263-275. Cody, W. J., G. W. Scotter and S. S. Talbot. (In press) Additions to the vascular plant flora of Nahanni National Park, Northwest Territories... Cody, W. J. and S. S. Talbot. 1973. The pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea L. in the northwestern part of its range. Canadian Field-Naturalist 87: 318-320. Cody, W. J. and S. S. Talbot. 1978. Vascular plant range extensions to the Heart Lake area, District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 92: 137-143. Haglund, G. 1943. Taraxacum in Arctic Canada. Rhodora 45: 337-343. Haglund, G. 1949. Supplementary notes on the Taraxacum flora of Alaska and Yukon. Svensk Botanisk Tidsskrife 43: "107-116" Hooker, W. J. 1829-40. Flora Boreali-Americana, London. Hultén, E. 1940. Two species of Salix from Alaska. Svensk Botanisk Tidsskrift 34: 73-76. Hultén, E. 1941-50. Flora of Alaska and Yukon. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift, Lund. Hultén, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford University Press. Stanford 1008pp. 54 Jeffrey, W. W. 1961. Notes on plant occurrence along lower Liard River, N.W.T. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 171: 32-115. Knaben, G. 1959. On the evolution of the Radicatum-Group of the Scapiflora Papavers as studied in 70 and 56 chromosome species. Opera Botanica 3: 3: 1-96. Macoun, J. M. and Th. Holm. 1921. Vascular Plants. Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1918. 5 (A): 1-5l. Maguire, B. 1943. A monograph of the genus Arnica. Brittonia 4: 386-510. Mulligan, G. A. 1974. Cytotaxonomic studies of Draba nivalis and its close allies in Canada and Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany 52: 1793-1801. Mulligan, G. A. 1975. Draba crassifolia, D. albertina, D. nemorosa and D. stenoloba in Canada and Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany 53: 745-751. Mulligan, G. A. and W. J. Cody. 1968. Draba norvegica, disjunct to the Mackenzie District, Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 46: 1334-1335. Mulligan, G. A. and A. E. Porsild. 1966. Rorippa calycina in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 44: 1105. Mulligan, G. A. and A. E. Porsild. 1969. A new species of Lesquerella (Cruciferae) in northwestern Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 47: 215-216. Nagy, J. A., A. M. Pearson, B. C. Goski and W. J. Cody. (1979) Noteworthy vascular plant collections from the northern Yukon Territory and northwestern Mackenzie District, Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 93(3): Petitot, E. 1891. Autour du Grand Lac des Esclaves. Albert Savine, Paris 369pp. Polunin, N. 1940. Botany of the Canadian Eastern Arctic, Part I Pteridophta and Spermatophyta. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 92: 1-408. Porsilid, A. E. 1939). Nymphaea tetragona Georgi in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 53: 48-50. Porsild A. E. 1943. Materials for a flora of the Continental Northwest Territories of Canada. Sargentia 4: 1-79. Porsild, A. E. 1945. The alpine flora of the east slope of Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 101: 1-35. 55 Porsild, A. E. 1947. The genus Dryas in North America. Canadian Field-Naturalist 61: 175-192. Porsild, A. E. 1950. The genus Antennaria in northwestern Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 64: 1-25. Porsild AS EC 1951 Botany of southeastern Yukon adjacent to the Canol Road. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 121: 1-400. Porsild, A. E. 1954. The North American races of Saxifraga flagellaris Willd. Svensk Botanisk Tidsskrift 51: 292-299. Pors1ld, ASSET l957E Illustrated flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 146: 1-209. Porsild "AS Hie 1961" The vascular flora of an alpine valley in the Mackenzie Mountains, N.W.T. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 171: 116-130. POLS LAS ASE II968E Stellaria longipes Goldie and its allies in North America. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 186: 1-35. Pors id "AS ES 1965: The genus Antennaria in eastern arctic and subarctic America. WSensk Botanisk Tidsskrift 61: 22-55. Porsild, A. E. 1966a. Contributions to the flora of southwestern Yukon Territory. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 216: 1-86. Porsild, A. E. 1966b. Some new or critical plants of Alaska and Yukon. Canadian Field-Naturalist 79: 79-90. Porsild, A. E. 1974. Materials for a flora of central Yukon Territory. National Museum of Canada Publications in Botany 4: 1-77. Porsild, A. E. and W. J. Cody. 1968. Checklist of the vascular plants of Continental Northwest Territories. Plant Research Institute, Canada Agriculture, Ottawa 102pp. Porsild, A. E. and W. J. Cody (in press) Vascular plants of the Continental Northwest Territories. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. Raup, H. M. 1936. Phytogeographic studies in the Athabaska -- Great Slave Lake region. I. Catalogue of the vascular plants. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 17: 180-315. 56 Raup, H. M. 1947. The botany of southwestern Mackenzie. Sargentia 6: 1-275. Rollins, R. C. 1962. A new crucifer from the Great Slave Lake area of Canada. Rhodora 64: 324-327. Savile, D. B. O. and J. A. Calder. 1952. Notes on the flora of Chesterfield Inlet, Keewatin District, N.W.T. Canadian Field-Naturalist 66: 103-107. Scotter, G. W. 1966. A contribution to the flora of the eastern arm of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 80: 1-18. Scotter, G. W. and W. J. Cody. 1974. Vascular plants of Nahanni National Park and vicinity, Northwest Territories. Naturaliste canadien 101: 861-891. Shrensen, Th. 1953. A revision of the Greenland species of Puccinellia Parl. Meddelelser om Grgnland 136(3): 119 Thieret, J.W. 1961. New plant records for southwestern District of Mackenzie. Canadian Field-Naturalist 75: Hails Thieret, J. W. 1962. New plant records from District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist 76: 206-208. Thieret, J. W. 1963a. Botanical survey along the Yellowknife Highway Northwest Territories, Canada. I. Catalogue of the flora. Sida 1: 117-170. Thieret, J. W. 1963b. Additions to the flora of the Northwest Territories. Canadian Field-Naturalist TUS AGG Py ie" Wid side ie L : ar ae LL oes a's Se EU CRT | > Be 17. sé a2! A ws - D 1" ee ee ee to 1s) hé dtOren 2 ht és: 11 to UN POMPES oe Be Dee v vis aa vom CRE 2 AN -= A) | ae oe ei ee: 7 wt ita le -V tam JR + Gute Rae . . . a A 64g 42 à = 00 Fo | Vtt # , uy (eee ina f° dbo @r Gable Gare 91 Pie 7 ed L J 0 SYLLOGEUS TITLES No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 10 McAllister, Don E., Anton B. Leere, and Satya P. Sharma (1972) A BATCH PROCESS COMPUTER INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND CATALOGUING SYSTEM IN THE FISH COLLECTION, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES Shchepanek, M.J. (1973) BOTANICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE OTISH MOUNTAINS, QUEBEC Shih, Chang-tai (1973) A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGISTS AND THEIR PRESENT ACTIVITIES IN CANADA/REPERTOIRE PROVISOIRE DES ZOOLOGISTES DES INVERTEBRES ET DES TRAVAUX QU'ILS POURSUIVENT PRESENTEMENT AU CANADA Faber, Daniel J. (1974) A HIGH SCHOOL FIELD AND LABORATORY STUDY OF LAC LAPECHE IN GATINEAU PARK, QUEBEC, DURING MARCH, 1972 Gorham, Stanley W., and Don E. McAllister (1974) THE SHORTNOSE STURGEON, Acipenser brevirostrum, IN THE SAINT JOHN RIVER, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA, A RARE AND POSSIBLY ENDANGERED SPECIES Vladykov , Vadim D., and Herratt March (1975) DISTRIBUTION OF LEPOCEPHALI OF THE TWO SPECIES OF Anguilla IN THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC, BASED ON COLLECTIONS MADE BETWEEN 1933 AND 1968 Legendre, Vianney, J.G. Hunter, and Don E. McAllister (1975) FRENCH, ENGLISH AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF MARINE FISHES OF ARCTIC CANADA/NOMS FRANCAIS, ANGLAIS ET SCIENTIFIQUES DES POISSONS MARINS DE L'ARCTIQUE CANADIEN McAllister, Don E. (1975) FISH COLLECTIONS FROM THE OTISH MOUNTAIN REGION, CENTRAL QUEBEC, CANADA Tynen, Michael J. (1975) A CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ENCHYTRAEIDAE (ANNELIDA: OLIGOCHAETA) Jarzen, David M. (1976) PALYNOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES, OTTAWA “TODAY AND TOMORROW" No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Chengalath, R. (1977) A LIST OF ROTIFERA RECORDED FROM CANADA WITH SYNONYMS The KTEC Group (1977) CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY EXTINCTIONS AND POSSIBLE TERRESTRIAL AND EXTRATERRESTRIAL CAUSES Jarzen, David M. (1977) THE POLLEN AND SPORE REFERENCE COLLECTION AT THE NATIONAL MUSEUMS OF CANADA Argus, George W., and David J. White (1977) THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF ONTARIO/LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARES DE L'ONTARIO Harington, C.R. (1978) QUARTERNARY VERTEBRATE FAUNAS OF CANADA AND ALASKA IN A SUGGESTED CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE Jarzen, David M. and Gregory J. Whalen (1978) CATALOGUE OF THE POLLEN AND SPORE EXCHANGE COLLECTIONS, NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES Argus, George W. and David J. White (1978) THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF AIBERTA/LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARES DE L'AIBERTA Maher, Robert V., D.J. White, G.W. Argus and Paul A. Keddy (1978) THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF NOVA SCOTIA/LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARES DE LA NOUVELLE-ECOSSE 19 Boullard, Bernard (1979) 20 CONSIDERATIONS SUR LA SYMBIOSE FONGIQUE CHEZ LES PTERIDOPHYTES Maher, Robert V., George W. Argus, Vernon L. Harms and John H. Hudson (1979) THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF SASKATCHEWAN/LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARE DE LA SASKATCHEWAN 21 Brunton, D.F. (1979) 22 THE VASCULAR PLANT COLLECTIONS OF JOHN MACOUN IN ALGONQUIN PROVINCIAL PARK, ONTARIO Warkentin, John (1979) GEOLOGICAL LECTURES OF DR. JOHN RICHARDSON