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Pde hk Ge ee OND ee Ce Oe feo eee no PINCH Yen YLT Nery OMG n Hee Pe ke pre ee bia ie a RA Bo Pie ed Eee A Lee nd a ae aad peg a ap att iene heetad § eo ee er en | Oe eet ge ee Ce ee ee ee Ee tthe ee aa ae Ree PACA OEE Pe ye RE dae bee Ete ee Ae ee beagle 64 FD ar eks Delkin ate ot Re MALAb Me PEAR A MO AED My ele Oe Br Ge 2 OE Sh Boma ae re ibik eR pede ys EU AS ea yb fio beteg Boman Be CRI MU eae ACR De eC eA Se er Ce Se See Sea a AUT AON NCAGaemlm TG HATE aC GD Aarice ty arrase pk ele @ ws hype a etid Mies ani eh heabarwreamaeeebtkehr ef RN ec ee et eC a Mayle ip Pee ere en oC PC Weber EW hw ed ipa ee a ye he et bikes dey ee aig CELA Rt agri heh Mar alts a sh VER e eee wae He Lapin aster ene De Oe eet AO atc al Paar 10 rom had de PI aC a ok) I PEE ROD epee tant doi ayaa aries Pee eae Rane ii ob aera bye See ie oe Tins te Aine yen OEY PRONG od Ce a BR et tomb Bit belo a aD Mee ea na ore rarer sat ee PET EAR UD rr a ODD ERE Ey AE OOM Ue Pa at 4s hs pla ho bsg bas ELVA TT Bo ER aCe gy ag de OR ile bee tr Roa tomy a ge eM ty Poy fire share yes sty it 1 RO OR Ee GA Re eon ade Bee eile TO ag eases we ashe oe bs tate Fou ee eens ‘ rine eae SEC ot Ae BCR er ae Wee De We Tn ee GTP ae nye Hele ata ti wen oo wde ASUS D A Arf lek ow REA AD wo Ip He eM A ok ER Ag eA Oe BO Ae dogo nites Pee weir rove sce eee en ee ee Se ee ee Ye ky tee es ewig hey { PCW ed Nee me da pe e Vid wed dine Wik ek Pasko dekould Pie eid ye CU ae densa tebe dokea be & Payee ey eis , VCE pe eed iin roby abe Wb ah ae ePoT: Dr PL, tbe es Pare th 20) Pa Vy eye egg 4 PR YI edt Rie ibe ee bw rene Sn ) RO ie yale ay car a eae 9 he ee bediebeeee RAD AE Ph Be OE Ao Wide ian aay y CO Mee Cen eee cae re tits ’ tia riven ty a) rhage rhe KEEP AP OER ele Ce PG a hy bak hs Men ber Meahe Bots bans we ed vit t Pore ene YP AW eee EAA DA te eee Oe eed Perera ae EEC ae pale ye ue ' OPM DAN Le La Na edhe Om el bet eh te et tee ashe peas wear? Ay rhea hy yd 6 ny FEA PT ee Pg ek ee tee doi a ae Darl ata thee tae Bey a tes YN ord eae , ayaa bere ae yeaa ye Ss thetbethy ite sho ent Ube ps Ws 48, a) 4 rower yey ban bide SYS With ds thal 9 Pal yey erry PE pee ED ye tel teh Bek tots ewe Be ae Ue reyes ey eee Se Gea Ue ey ei RGR Ds a , Wi twee we ABN Pann} SEARS ip oped meaty de ae Met (ero ipe Meth vA iB Wey fa ‘ Ay onus in Sv ieee es Wer wens Sipe ea deg a’ ‘ vary a he hs Oo Gs tas be vitesse Nites Se wre a be PPV ae ee wed Be . , gia wey Yee epee tery , ay Ca WrTe ne Wari Wr os Wee Be ee Rr ea Be Un YT HARI PL Lae a ie ee ND CAE bg a st Mey Lee ae eC Ee UT Le Debate Poke eee, Y ‘ube ews Wt ik A ROS: ae j vee Lg ai rl pyarge wy ties Waste cede a8 Ae te aliaea’y ) ’ vy ed SP en rca A ed ome Ah aal aap ihray Oh) ATE Kara OD REAL PICU ede eae a ETD dado Rea RRC Sa BW Re Oe ee WT a Re A Wie Os ibe arr Reltee we w feet DORAL Ue Me a deds 58 We dad es ae etek tips t Cee Coen Ee ee bigs gud dad aeaed meet er ent on bts ee cada del fe ashe Boe tah ke ee a ed ha ae ae eee td dt RE ed Pirie Me eM SRC HT ate et eer Et YT LI dd AW ee ee Va ed bid hehe be Carr i) ere ie On eRe je Os Per ae PM) a TOCA Mei ek te AY Et ha Madd Bai taanea att i Coe CB ‘ Marae i} Patt: sue WPA A bd TC en Ce a ee AO Ue ek do ee bad - ne a VPC OTN CPE EO po’ UOTE CHD Ga pee ad eRe , THEE VR ENT AY Re eee ee ee ed dd bw PAT ie ate ‘ ia WN eed Oh ed Wehidy bait De aided Se G8 iw a04 Pareto yh, to ete ’ Se en eT Vea a ied ORO Mare Be Be ree ae Vs oad e Bib ela # aie rat aids i Pe Ot ed a eC PO) Be gree dita ‘ Peyote eC eee Rae ee ee. Fema MWe Berend AAEM EO at at) ea ACA Wed Oded dew Mead Ward lolttia iw ari CU sde eed WMO a rere aid Hedi ivi bo prgihe a) Hark grehs Seemed We Bed ore wy iW +4 qa Ek a eT Se Pe 4 ' 4a wee sade VG Tae We eteae Cerny Caw eae POW a ee OW ath I heed Perc in ti et ee Tht ek TY eared ead CRM Ra a ee ARH EA Me Rbtd Grr ae OHM A gad ee rR ee Aerator Mee ct ven ; s4 Sve ie eRe eM ee We Oe ab Perr tae ie oe Oi et a Pewee don tet en Met ae a CA yd ed PU Pe Ore 0 eC Orn era arte Wee 0G 1 Av aie del te ewer rere eer) phe CeCe Oe Hd hae ee pede a ee ae ae ag fous Wye tae rire enema ir errr Wee ee eC Me MMe ve Or ae me ety Se Ohad Wap ee Pie | CUPO de ED TA PE RARE TR bie Fe Cw he Ware hee & e414 Cy aod eat gg 4 ee SOOM RC tL oe PVC TUTE Den Met Mera be We eer a Met Ree Ce i Ure et hen fA aden ad ed aoe van ‘4 Pint ae Wee rie en TO et at CVridtd aw ale « . re ern Wet or} He Cea ed Mae ee td ew hia cute ed ty wd Wetted oe Oh Read agubad ides 4etid Ye de Oat Par ee eee ee SO oe ‘ ' Ta ee Cte CT OL} DS ¢ MC (dit wel de et ae Hee Md eT Ree a Ed ed ad x jadi wets ives PaO es Ea , rer eer rte Re eee eR Re te rea One he a { CVO Ol ey OE et a ‘ PU eee i Coed rire iron arcs! CRN Re CCC TSO ee nm CUTIE PO HPO TE Pe WP a AeA Te ys ee eens atine meth heir de Sc er ‘ Fa ee ee ied vies rem thidB ide ibe 9 de OE APY Lenain Bethe he O44 WH wi esih ed ed pig w re Cee EC wee tL net | LS Rem bbe . Pera eicee BPTI Pe LPR TE Bir eee Sy COUR DTP At Me Re jaded Swi? be BY sidan Cd ah oe Wd Peed ie a ed gage lg me Bee iid Aided Aah A WS RR Bal aig faut MUIR REE iL TR ICR WCRI IE MOL TR faves Walid Ve CO LH ee th ew a ede COME He ew Le ee A eee be ade Gate ie: Perera 0 ai ey AAW hae det EM hk Pt eed ae a TH Gea aed aiaph a, 0 ey ah Hee we eh neste ' 2 vie ery Be Division of Mollusks Sectional Library Zz O 7A) aa 1 a) Zz Ww sie Ww YS da oats fe A tine FL Dot ete ed ” ower fi Te OF parany | WAL) / g / % : UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MO ih Ec MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY Miscellaneous Publications No. 6 A Synopsis of the Classification of the Fresh- Water Mollusca of N orth America, ce North of Mexico, ° aaa AND A Catalogue of the More Recently Described Species, With Notes BY BRYANT WALKER RE Riviston OF Molueles 2. y=} te s real ona} i L Lor AY F mate ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 30, 1918 MAS (LEA). ! DROMUS DRO UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY Miscellaneous Publications No. 6 A Synopsis of the Classification of the Fresh- Water Mollusca of North America, North of Mexico, AND A Catalogue of the More Recently Described Species, With Notes BY BRYANT WALKER M44 PART I—SYNOPSIS ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN RUBLISHED BY- TE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 30, 1918 ADVERTISEMENT The publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, consist of two series—the Occasional Papers and the Miscellaneous Publica- tions. Both series were founded and are being supported by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales and Dr. W. W. Newcomb, except that the cost of the illustrations and of distribution are borne by the University. The Occasional Papers, publication of which was begun in 1913, serve as a medium for the publication of brief original papers based principally upon the collections in the Museum. ‘The papers are issued separately to libraries and specialists, and, when a sufficient number of pages have been printed to make a volume, a title page, table of contents and index are sup- plied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list for the entire series. The Miscellaneous Publications include papers on field and museum technique, monographic studies and other papers not within the scope of the Occasional Papers. The papers are published separately, and, as it is not intended that they shall be grouped into volumes, each number has a title page and when necessary a table of contents and index. ALEXANDER G. RUTHVEN, Director of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. PREFACE. It has been many years since the students of the North American fresh- water mollusca have had at their service a concise and complete synopsis of the classification in general use. The several monographs published by the Smithsonian Institution of W. G. Binney and Prime in 1865 and Tryon in 1873, together with Lea’s last Synopsis in 1870, gave a very complete representation of the systematic arrangement in use at that time. Tryon’s “Monograph of the Fresh-water Mollusca of the United States,” a continuation of Haldeman’s Monograph of 1842, did not include the Pleuroceridze and did not add substantially to systematic classification. Since that time, although our knowledge on the subject has greatly in- creased, there have been no general monographs published covering the entire field and the recorded advances in classification are only to be found in many scattered publications not always accessible to the ordinary collector. Certain groups have, indeed, been studied monographically. Simpson’s monumental “Synopsis of the Naiades” (1900) followed by his “Descrip- tive Catalogue” of 1914, revolutionized the classification of that great group and pointed the way to a natural classification that has since been greatly elaborated by Ortmann in many scattered papers. Baker’s elaborate “Lymnzidze of North and Middle America” (1911) marked another great advance in systematic classification. Sterki’s recent “Preliminary Catalog of North American Spheeriide” (1916) embodies the results of many years of careful study of that family and is, it is to be hoped, but the fore-runner of a complete, illustrated mono- graph of that most interesting, but difficult, group. With these exceptions, the many changes in systematic nomenclature resulting from the investigations of many different workers have been published piece-meal, as it were, and in many different publications. The need of a concise synopsis, showing the state of the science at the present time as adopted by those who are most familiar with the subject, has been met by the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan in its endeavors to further the study of Natural History in the schools of the state and Part I of this paper is an attempt to place before the amateur student a summary of the classification of the fresh-water mollusca which is in current use. It is to be understood, of course, that with our constantly increasing knowledge, many changes will, undoubtedly, be necessary in the future and are to be expected and hoped for. The arrangement here pre- sented is what the compiler understands to be the state of the science at the present time. 2 Part II is an out-growth of a card catalogue that the writer has main- tained for his own convenience for many years. In the last half century the knowledge of our fauna has enormously increased, but the many new species 4 BryANt WALKER have been described in many scattered publications not always accessible to the student and not to be found except by laborious and time-taking search. The convenience of a catalogue giving references to all-of the new species described since the Smithsonian monographs were published is obvious. In addition to such references, it has been deemed of service to add under many of the species, old and new, the published opinions of many writers as to their specific validity and relationships. It will be understood, of course, that such quoted opinions are not necessarily those of the compiler and are not endorsed by him unless expressly so stated. ‘They are given solely for what they are worth as representing the views of the author at the time of their publication. The whole subject is brought down to May 1, 1918. BRYANT WALKER. Dated July 1, 1918. A SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE FRESH-WATER MO USCA OF NORTEL AMERICA, NORTH OK MEXICO: Ch eee GASTROPODA. Stibelaiccte ram te ee EUTHYNEURA. (OURGISIE Ss aa age ey ea PULMONATA. SiMOndeie pe uk ets BASOMMATOPHORA. Superfamily LIMNOPHILA. The North American Limnophile are in the main inhabitants of fresh water, but are occasionally found in slightly brackish water along the sea coast. The epidermis is smooth; the contractile tentacles are flattened or cylindrical; the eyes are placed on the inner bases of the tentacles. The genital orifices are separated, the male orifice is near the tentacle, the female at the base of the neck, near the respiratory orifice. The jaw is simple or composed of three pieces. The radula has numerous rows of small teeth. Key to the families of Limnophila. I. Shell spiral, dextral, spire more or less elongated...... Lymneide. II. Shell discoidal, with the columellar margin simple. SOE GUMILANERNG sae Sa baa eS aero rede easy oe Ata Planorbide. tle Sticlinspiralecnmstral yee anh ok. 1) yd elec ote el oe Physide. IV. Shell patelliform or spiral, dextral, neritoid or planorboid with the columellar margin broadly dilated......... Ancylide. Family LYMNAIDZ.. Shell spiral, dextral, spire usually elongated and acute, but in some groups small and depressed. Animal dextral. Head with a broad, short muzzle dilated at the end. Foot rounded behind. ‘Tentacles flattened. Jaw composed of three plates, a large one in the center, with two small, narrow laterals. Radula broad; central tooth small, simple or bicuspid, the laterals bi- or tricuspid. The marginals-bi-, tri-, or multicuspid or serriform. Genus LYMNA“A Lamarck, 1799. Shell spiral, dextral, thin, unicolor or occasionally with longitudinal stripes ; spire usually acute; aperture large, oval, rounded below, extremities united by a thin parietal callus; columella more or less twisted or plicate ; lip thin, sometimes with an internal thickening or varix. Animal dextral; head large; tentacles flattened, triangular; eyes sessile on the inner bases of the tentacles. BrYANT WALKER Key to the subgenera of Lymnea. Spire elevated (24. a. 4 Anes see Oe: ene tea 2 it, Spire short \s.. 234. dae fed Pal aesie Os SS 0 oe ee ee 6, Body-whorl eneatlysinilated sea e eee eee LYMnNe@a s. S. BD, Body-whorl ‘slightly imtlated™. =o. a.) ee By, ( Shell very slender; spire longer than the aperture; lip con- Boo. TIMUOUS. dos ho Alea Ga a Acella. | Shell more or less inflated; spire shorter than the aperture; g (.< - p-not:continuous: 2.5508). 2. ec Ot eae > eee ee 4. ( Columella smooth, reflected over the wmuibilicus); = 97222-25225. ‘Galba. 4.4 (SColumellastiwisted#or plicate- eens Seer ee eee 5. (@Surtacel wath) mmpressedsspirallislintcs) aise ae eerie Stagnicola. 554 (eS Stiptace:lonedtitidinally opercelieam corneous, paucispiral. Foot simple; central tooth of the radula with several denticles. Key to genera of Ammnicoline. | Sitell smooth periphery sounded: naan ers te eee 2. Slellfsinoothepertplienycanetlatc (seal t tera e nee Littoridina. 1.4 Shell Stromgilyecarinate disse snr BURG oc tae s psec tar tee Pyrgulopsis. NEUES PITOSES teas wi teerec: a ecw pCO pee earn Re ent ehy kee Potamopyrgus. Shell Momeitiwdunallhyerailoled eo ye er eee Tryonia. | Sineill sllencler, sponce IONS cooscosscuccsescncecce pent: Paludestrina. e Shelliventnicoseespine usually tcht@ qt are ene Amnicola. Genus AMNICOLA Gould and Haldeman, 1841. Shell small, oval-conic, rather short, spire subacute; whorls 4-6, convex; aperture oval; peritreme continuous; lip simple, sharp; columella not thick- ened. Operculum thin, corneous, paucispiral. Fig. 92 Fig. 93 Animal oviparous; central tooth of the radula multicuspid, with a tooth- shaped process from the middle of the anterior surface, reaching beyond the 7 Synopsis FrEsH-WaATER MoLLusca 29 base, and with several basal denticles; laterals and marginals multicuspid. Verge short, bifid, with a globular base. Type: Paludina limosa Say, fig. 92. Animal, fig. 93. Operculum, fig. 94. Radula, fig. 95. Fig. 95 Subgenus CINCINNATIA Pilsbry, r8or. eo Radula more minute and the denticulations of the cusps finer and sharper. Type: Paludina cincimnatiensis Anth., fig. 96. Radula, fig. 97. Fig. 96 | Fig. 97 Genus PALUDESTRINA d’Orbigny, 1840. Shell similar to Amnicola, but more slender and elongated. é Central tooth with but one basal denticle on each side, and with- out the tongue shaped process of Ammicola. Verge bifid. Fig. 98 Fig. 99 Type: Cyclostoma acutum Drap. Example: P. nickliniana (Lea), fig. 98. Radula, fig. 99. Genus FRYONIA Stimpson, 1865. Shell perforate, elongated, turreted, subulate; apex acute; surface longitudinally ribbed or plicated; whorls numerous, shouldered; aperture small, oblique, rhombo-ovate, lip sharp, thin and effuse at the base; peritreme continuous. Type: T. clathrata Stimp., fig. 100. Fig. 100 Genus PYRGULOPSIS Call and Pilsbry, 1886. Shell ovate-conical or turreted, imperforate, whorls having a single, strong carina at the periphery, which may or may not be concealed on the spire; apex acute; whorls 4% to 6; aperture ovate, peristome continuous; 30 Bryant WALKER central tooth of the radula with but one basal denticle on each side; denticles of the lateral teeth large and angular, those of the laterals small and slender. Fig. 101 Fig. 102 Type: Pyrgula nevadensis Stearns, fig. 101. Radula, fig. 102. Genus POTAMOPYRGUS Stimpson, 1865. & Shell ovate-conic, imperforate; apex acute; whorls angulated _—-, and usually coronated with spines; body-whorl two-thirds the oe length of the shell; aperture ovate, lip acute. Animal with rostrum of moderate length; tentacles very long, slender, tapering and pointed; eyes on prominent tubercles; Fig. 103 foot rather short, strongly auriculated in front; central tooth of radula trapezoidal, inferior margin nearly straight; faintly enlobate; basal teeth minute and close to the lateral margin; denticles of the intermediate tooth numerous and of equal size. Type: Melamia corolla Gld. Example: P. coronatus (Pfr.), fig. 103. Genus LITTORIDINA Souleyet, 1852. Shell narrowly perforate, subpyramidal, solid, opaque, body-whorl sub- angulate at the periphery; aperture pyriform, acutely angulated above; col- umella thickened, white; peritreme not continuous, lip sharp. Verge very large, with five or six small, digitate appendices. Radula as in Amnicola. Fig. 104 Fig. 105 Type: L. gaudichaudw Soul. Example: L. monroensis (Frfld.), fig. 104. Radula, (L. hatcheri Pils.), fig. 105. Subfamily LITHOGLYPHINA® Fischer, 1885. Shell small, spiral, dextral, spire short, body-whorl large, forming most of the shell; columella usually callously thickened; operculum corneous, subspiral. Foot simple; central tooth of the radula with several basal denticles. SyNopsis FRESH-WaTER MoLLusca 31 Key to the genera of Lithoglyphine. (Shelitimpertorate of nartowlyperforate...).).....0.0.-.«. 2s olvelifwacely suimlitlicate: sunt Sato eu ne er ue SU ee %. Peritreme sinuous, lip effuse below, verge winged...... Fluminicola. 2.4, Peritreme continuous in same plane, verge simple............ Gillia. | Peritreme very oblique, lip effuse above, verge bifid... .Somatogyrus. ( Shell spirally striate, depressed, turbinate, widely umbilicate MNES eee ye a ae oe hah nN ea ele AA EES Cochliopa. | Shell smooth, globose-turbinate, umbilicus narrower,but deep. Clap pia. Genus COCHLIOPA Stimpson, 186s. Shell depressed-conic; base concave, umbilicus large and deep; aperture oblique; operculum corneous, subspiral. Rostrum of moderate size; tentacles rather long and tap- ering. Teeth of the radula multicuspid, basal denticles on central tooth 2 or 3 on each side. Verge rather elongated, compressed, geniculated and bifid. Type: Amnicola rowellit Tryon. Example: C. riograndensis P. and F., fig. 106. Fig. 106 Genus CLAPPIA Walker, 1909. Shell minute, spiral, dextral, globose-tur- binate, narrowly but deeply umbilicate. Spire short ; body whorl large; whorls round; aper- ture large; lip simple; columellar lip thin, ap- pressed to the body-whorl only at the upper end; operculum paucispiral, nuclear whorls large, slowly and regularly increasing. Fig. 108 Rachidian tooth as in Somatogyrus, in- termediate tooth with a long peduncle and a strong tooth projecting from the infero-anterior angle, laterals multicuspid. Fig. 107 » Fig. 109 Type: C. clappiti Walker, fig. 107. Operculum, fig. 108. Radula, fig. 109. 32 Bryant WALKER Genus FLUMINICOLA Stimpson, 1865. Shell spiral, dextral, obliquely ovate, thick, solid, smooth, imperfor- ate; spire moderate, ob- WOES ApSEbiS Ovawss columella flattened, cal- Fig. 111 loused; lip effuse and projecting anteriorly so that the peritreme is not continuously in the same plane; operculum corneous, subspiral. : Rostrum rather large; tentacles tapering, foot broad; central tooth of the radula with several basal denticles on each side; outer lateral teeth with a smaller number of denticles than the inner. Verge large, compressed, with a broad semicircular wing on the left side. Type: Paludina nuttaliiana Lea, fig. 110. Radula, fig. 111. Fig. 110 Genus SOMATOGYRUS Gill, 1863. Shell dextral, spiral, usually rather thick and solid, smooth, imperforate or narrowly perforate; spire usually short; apical whorl spirally punctate or lirate; body-whorl large, more or less inflated; aperture very oblique; lip sharp, projecting above; columella callously thickened. Operculum corne- ous, subspiral, nuclear whorls small, rapidly increasing. Fig. 112 Fig. 113 Fig. 114 Rostrum rather broad, flat and square-cut; tentacles rather short and flattened ; teeth of the radula multicuspid, basal denticles on the central tooth 3-4 on each side. Verge broad, compressed and bifid. Type: Ammnicola depressa Tryon, fig. 112. Radula, fig. 113. Operculum, fig. 114. Genus GILLIA Stimpson, 1865. Shell spiral, dextral, not very thick, smooth, imperfor- ate; spire short, obtuse, body whorl large, inflated ; aperture large, oblique; peritreme con- tinuous on the same plane, lip thin, sharp; columella very slightly thickened ; operculum corneous, subspiral. Rostrum broad, subtruncate, foot oblong, rounded behind and auriculate Me. TO SYNopsis FrESH-WatkER Morzusca 33 in front; tentacles long, slender and pointed; teeth of the radula multicus- pid; central tooth with two basal denticles on each side. Verge small, simple, lunate. Type: Melania altilis Lea, fig. 115. Radula, fig. 116. Subfamily LYOGYRINZ® Pilsbry, 1916. Shell minute, conical or subdepressed. Operculum circular, multispiral. Key to the genera of Lyogyrine. Sirelammicolinoriner sr. e tata es ey bee e h ue ae Lyogyrus. SlaellGeyculcireshOniiineirmet eee See ac (s. g.) Hauffenia. Genus LYOGYRUS Gill, 1863. Shell very small, spiral, dextral, smooth, umbilicate; globose- turbinate or elongate-ovate; aperture nearly circular; peritreme continuous, frequently quite separated from the body- whorl. Pig Operculum corneous, circular, multispiral. Rostrum bilobed in front, half as eae as the tentacles, which are rather stout; foot auriculated in front; gill scien. Dentition as in Paludestrina, basal denticles on rachidian tooth two on each side. Type: Valvata pupoidea Gld., fig. 117. Genus HORATIA Bourguignat, 1887. Shell very small, amnicoliform, thick-shelled, umbilicate, almost smooth ; whorls only 3-4, convex, rapidly increasing, the last large, rounded; suture impressed; aperture very oblique, rounded; lip adherent, straight, sharp; columella thickened, incurved. Operculum corneous, transparent, purple-red, with 3-4 slowly increasing spi- rals and an almost central nucleus. Type: (first species) Horatia klecakiana Bet. Subgenus HAUFFENIA Pollonera, 1808. Shell minute, rather thin, valvateeform, widely umbilicate. Type: (first species) Horatia tellini Poll. es Example: Horatia micra (P. and F.), fig. 118. Fig. 118 34 Bryant WALKER Subfamily POMATIOPSINA® Stimpson, 1865. Foot divided by a transverse sulcus at about its anterior third. Verge simple. Rachidian tooth with one basal denticle on each side, denticles of the lateral and marginal teeth fewer and proportionately larger than in the other subfamilies. Only one genus. Genus POMATIOPSIS Tryon, 1862. Shell dextral, spiral, thin, smooth, long, turreted, umbilicated; aperture somewhat expanded; lip simple or slightly reflected; operculum corneous, sabsprral haa IAC © | : Fig. 119 Raises 12O mn ie, 120 Animal not as long as the shell, rostrum large, longer than the tentacles, which are short and subulate. Verge very large, simple, convoluted, outer margin rounded and smooth, inner margin sharp and wrinkled. Type: Cyclostoma lapidaria Say, fig. 119. Animal, fig. 120. Radula, fig. 121. Family PLEUROCERIDA:. Animal oviparous, edge of mantle smooth; eyes on the external bases of the tentacles; no verge. Rachidian tooth large, broader than long, rounded below, multicuspid; laterals subrhomboidal, multicuspid; marginals narrow, multicuspid. Shell dextral, spiral, thick and solid, globose or elongated ; aperture entire or more or less canaliculated below, operculum corneous, subspiral. Key to the genera of Pleuroceride. Apertire canaliculate below, 402: - ce nein ae ee ree 2 i) Aperture angulated below) not canaliculaver sacar reeee Ae | Aperture entire, rounded beldw. a ee Anculosa. f Shell tusivornm) canalulong.2) <2. aden ee eee To. Zs | Shell comeal, ‘canalshort .18. 3 coer 3 a cee 3. Spire elongated; no callus thickening on parietal wall... .Plewrocera. 3.4 Spire short; parietal wall callously thickened above and be- | low ......... 2 oke aoc eaeccvocn00: 090 9809e 80000000006 Lithasia. | Spire short; parietal wall callously thickened above..... Eurycelon. ANPSMEDICS SMHS ANOS). Jesadoodcossuasooocrdeoccecse. Goniobasis. 4. Aperttine: watliyaly SUIbuiall es litter yay tee ieee Gyrotoma. SYNOPSIS FrESH-WaTER Mor.usca 35 Genus IO; Lea, 18317 Shell large, spiral, dextral, imperforate, fusiform, smooth, tuberculate or spinose; spire elevated, base of aperture prolonged in a long canal; columella round, smooth and concave; lip thin; operculum corneous, sub- spiral. Animal as in the family. AA < S = ZL Z SS =f = Type: Fusus Auvialis Say. Example: J. spinosa Lea, fig. 122. Radula, fig. 123. Fig. 123 Genus LITHASIA Haldeman, 1840. Shell of medium size, spire dextral, imperforate, glo- bose conic, smooth or tuberculate ; thick and solid, spire ele- vated, obtusely conic; aperture large, rhomboidal; columella smooth, callously thickened above and below; base of the aperture shortly channelled below. Animal as in the fam- ily. Type: L. geniculata Hald., fig. 124. Operculum, L. obovata (Say), fig. 125. Section ANGITREMA Haldeman, 1841. Shell similar to Lithasia but with the basal canal more produced. Type: Melania armigera Say, fig. 120. 36 BryANt WALKER Genus EURYC/AELON Lea, 1864. Shell large, obovate, thick, solid; spire short; body-whorl ! large; columella callously thickened above, incurved below and ¥& subtruncate. Type: Anculosa anthonyi Budd, fig. 127. Genus PLEUROCERA Rafinesque, 1818. Soe cal % Shell usually lengthened, conic or cerithiform, spiral, dextral, imperfor- ate; smooth, tuberculate, spirally stri- ate or carinate; aperture moderate, subrhomboidal, prolonged into a short 5 canal below; columella smooth, twist- Fig. 128 Fig. 129 ed, not callously thickened; lip sim-_ ple, sharp, sinuous, somewhat expanded. Type: P. acuta Raf., fig. 128. Radula, fig. 120. Section STREPHOBASIS Lea, 1861. Shell smooth, spire rather short, obtusely conical, body-whorl subcylindrical; aperture subquadrate; columella thickened below, twisted and drawn back, base subcanaliculate; lip acute, very sinuous. Fig. 130 Type: Melania plena Anth., fig. 130. Genus GONIOBASIS Lea, 1862. Shell medium size, dextral, spiral, imperforate; smooth, lon- gitudinally plicate, transversely striate or tuberculate; thick, solid, ovate-conic to elongate turreted; aperture .subrhomboidal, subangular at the base but not canaliculate ; columella smooth, not twisted; lip simple, acute. (Ee Fig. 132 Type: G. osculata Lea, fig. 131. Radula, G. depygis (Say) pce SYNOPSIS FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA ay) Genus GYROTOMA Shuttleworth, 1845. Shell of moderate size, spiral, dextral, imperforate, smooth or spirally striate, rather thick and solid, conical or globosely ovate; aperture oval or elliptical, with a sutural slit or fissure above, entire below; lip thin and sharp. Vig. 133 Type: G. ovoidea Shutt., fig. 133. Radula, fig. 134. Genus ANCULOSA Say, 1821. Shell of moderate size, dextral, imperforate (except in one species), smooth, tuberculate, spirally striate, sulcate or carinate, thick, solid, sub- globose with a very short spire or thinner and conical; aperture oval or sub- circular, entire, rounded below; columella callously thickened; lip simple, acute. Type: Melania prerosa Say, fig. 135. Radula, fig. 136. Order ASPIDOBRANCHIA. Suborder RHIPIDOGLOSSA. The Rhipidoglossz differ radically from the Tzenioglossz in the charac- ter of the lingual dentition. The radula has many rows of teeth, consisting of a central, 2-5 laterals and numerous marginals arranged like the sticks of a fan. Family NERITID. Head large, rostrum divided and lobed in front; tentacles long and slender; eyes carried on peduncles placed at the external base of the tenta- cles; foot large, truncate before and obtuse behind, sides simple; gill large, triangular, pointed, free at its extremity; branchial and excretory orifices 38 BRYANT WALKER on the right side. Radula with a very small central tooth, 2 to 5 lateral teeth of varying size and shape and numerous spatulate marginals. Shell imperforate, globose, spire short; internal divisions of the shell absorbed; aperture semi-ovate, entire, columellar region expanded and flat- tened, usually thickened; lip acute; operculum subspiral. Key to the genera of Neritide. 1. Operculum calcareous, edge with projecting processes (apophyses) articulating with the columella..........Neritina. Dy, OwWeeCuillibein COMACOMS, WAUNOUIE BOOPOVSESs v2 20000000000 Lepyrium. Genus NERITINA Lamarck, 1809. Shell dextral, spiral, thick and solid, subglobose; spire short; surface smooth (in American species) ; aperture semi-circular, columella flattened, straight, smooth or finely denticulate; lip acute, inner surface smooth; oper- culum calcareous, semi-circular, paucispiral, nucleus excentric; with two apophyses, the upper shorter, sometimes dilated and crested; the lateral in the form of an arched rib. Animal as in the family. Radula with the central tooth small, subquad- rangular, cusp smooth; first lateral large, second and third small, fourth very large, prolonged below and with the cusp semicircular and denticulate, laterals numerous, spatulate. Type: N. perversa Gmel. Example: N. reclivata Say, fig. 137. .Radula, fig. 138. Genus LEPYRIUM Dall, 1806. Shell small, dextral, spiral, corneous, thin, semi-transpar- ent; spire very small and depressed, body-whorl large; aper- ture large, semi-circular; columella concavely flattened, cal- loused, straight, smooth; lip thin, acute operculum thin, corne- ous, paucispiral without apophyses. Radula with a wide rachidian tooth with a finely denticu- lated cusp; laterals two, the inner small and oblique, the other large with the cusp finely denticulate; laterals spatulate, numerous. Animal otherwise unknown. Fig. 139 Type: Neritina showaltert Lea, fig. 139. SYNOPSIS Fresu-Water Moriusca 39 Class LAMELLIBRANCHIA. ‘Order FULAMELLIBRANCHIA. Suborder SUBMYTILACEA. Key to the families of Submytilacea. Gelb camiemt gerbera sae a tetera. ear cur eee Pa eyecare on gute are Bs, J i (Gee fe armacninetintenmalllea sar ts a cycs re 8 Pema ws ee Gee She Me ie ene ee oe 5 ( Hinge with cardinal, anterior and posterior lateral teeth......... 4. Ds Isliage wan Carchinall ween Oily Coos cass oacaasucaceue- Cyrenellide. | Hinge with lateral teeth only (no true cardinals) or edentate..... Be. ( Gills with distinct, interlamellar septa, parallel with the gill Bae AUIS CVSS Ee a eae <2 mea ee Unionide. | Gills either without distinct, interlamellar septa or, when | present, oblique to the gill-flaments .............Margaritanide. eee eallial Nimes simpler ee eh hk iso ota a ee ag vated Spheriide. 4.4 (PeReAITeN lites rttaltey Gan gece eet tirin a anhonay tad Oman toute Cyrenide. (Malineerynitinncancinal -andwlateraletectitee (9 ees eae ae Rangude. PM lstinect wathont distinct teeth). 8604.4). 2 era Dreissenstide. Family MARGARITANID/:. “Diaphragm incomplete, formed by the gills; posteriorly the outer lam- ina of the outer gills not connected with the mantle for a considerable dis- tance; anterior end of the inner gills separated from the palpi by a gap; branchial and anal openings ill-defined, and the ‘latter not closed above; no super-anal developed; gills without water-tubes and with scattered inter- lamellar connections, which in certain places form irregular rows or with continuous septa which run obliquely forwards; marsupium formed by all four gills; larva a small semicircular glochidium, without distinct hooks ; shell elongated; sculpture of the beak concentric; hinge-teeth imperfect ; epidermis blackish.” (Ortmann. ) Genus MARGARITANA Schumacher, 1817. Shell. elongated, usually arcuate, rounded in front, almost lacking a pos- terior ridge; beaks rather low, sculpture consisting of a few coarse, par- allel ridges which follow the growth lines; epidermis concentrically striate, brownish or blackish; hinge-teeth generally imperfect or not fully devel- oped. two more or less perfect pseudocardinals in the left valve and one in the right, often reduced to mere tubercles; laterals short, usually imperfect or wholly wanting: cavity of the beaks rather shallow. 40 BRYANT WALKER Key to the subgenera of Margaritana. Gills with scattered interlamellar connections forming irregular rows running obliquely forwards..............argaritana s. s. Gills with continuous septa running obliquely forwards. . Cumberlandia. Subgenus MARGARITANA s. s. Shell as in the genus. Animal as in the family, but having the gills without water-tubes and with scattered interlamellar connections which in certain places form irreg- ular rows, running obliquely forwards. ioe alin Type: Mya margaritifera L., fig. 140. Animal, fig. 141. * The following lettering applies to all the figures of the animals of the Margar- itanide and Unionide except as otherwise stated: an.—anal opening. p.—foot. br.—branchial opening. pp.—papille on margin of mantle. f—flaps of margin of mantle. sa.—supra-anal opening. i—inner gill. o.—outer gill. mp.—marsupium. SYNopsis FresH-WaTER MOoLLusca Al Subgenus CUMBERLANDIA Ortmann, 1912. Shell as in the genus. .Animal as in the family, but having the gills with incomplete water- tubes and with continuous septa, which run obliquely forwards. Fig. 143 Type: Unio monodonta Say, fig. 142. Animal, fig. 143. Family UNIONIDA. “Diaphragm complete, formed by the gills; posteriorly the outer lamina of the outer gill connected with the mantle to its posterior end; anterior end of the inner gills separated from the palpi by a gap; branchial and anal openings sharply separated from one another by the diaphragm; anal open- ings very rarely not closed above and without supra-anal, generally closed and with a supra-anal opening (which very rarely may be obliterated) ; gills with water-tubes and distinct, interlamellar septa, running parallel to the filaments. Marsupium in all four gills or only in the outer gills; larva a glochidium. Shell of very variable shape; sculpture of the beak more or less reduced, of various types, but originally of the concentric or zig-zag pattern; hinge teeth perfect or imperfect; epidermis plain or with color- markings.” (Ortmann. ) A2 Bryant WALKER Key to the subfamilies of Unionide. Water tubes) simple im) theveraydy female eri iat e eee eee Z Water-tubes in the gravid female divided into three tubes, of which only the centre one is used as an ovisac..... Anodontine. [fe marsupium always sharp and not distending........ ...Umonme. Male and female shells usually different ; edge of the gravid marsupium distending and bulging out beyond the original Ja leroy ena oneal UMN arin cen dhctcg Se Ria digciin'G owe caAke Also Lampsiline. t Male and female shells usually alike; edge of the gravid : [ Subfamily UNIONINA‘# (Swainson, 1840) Ortmann, 1920. “Inner lamina of the inner gills generally free from the abdominal sac (sometimes, in extralimital forms, connected) ; supra-anal opening some- times not separated from the anal, normally present, the closed part rather short ; branchial opening well-defined; no papillae nor flaps on the edge of mantle in front; marsupium formed by all four gills or by the outer gills only ; edge of marsupium always sharp and not distending; water-tubes not divided in the gravid female; glochidium semielliptic or semicircular, with- out spines; shell generally heavy and solid, rounded to elongated, mostly with dull-colored epidermis; sculpture of the beak generally rather indis- tinct, concentric or pustulous or with indications of double loops or zig- zag bars; hinge always complete, with rather strong teeth; generally no deer enee of sex shown in the shell.” (Ortmann. ) Key to the genera of Unionine. [ ANI siome eaille Gerting ae mmANESEIDIA, ©. sb c esc cece occcececcss 2. : i Onter callvoulyasenvimesasmmnansiinia: a= ee eee 6. (] Mallesand)stemaletsiellscalilcen. @ 9. 4eee 4) | anew tpn ess ease ea 2. : i Malerands female ssiiellSiichite nett) ee enn Tritogonia Hinge with pertect pseudocardinals and laterals.) 9/..--) ss. ee 4. s BLISS Ween TMIGKMNIMANAY Oi WEEMS, . occ. canssceecscsun Gonidea. Surface plicate 41) 205s a5 Meanie ee) ps a ee 5. Ach? OUETACE PUSHILOSE A) 12.44 oa ieee eee an ae gt a Ouadrula, SUrlace asim OObly amy adi een MR eee ee Fusconaia. ble-looped ridges, which do not extend over the surface. Amblema. Beaks sculptured with strong, zig-zag ridges extending over | Beaks sculptured with coarse, concentric or somewhat dou- be wthe vuppemestinace scat an oie earth nee eee Megalonaias. SYNOPSIS FRESH-WATER MoLLusca 43 SUIgLAC Se CUDERCUIOLISH Sie meee Mate ee nc kt me i 6. . NUMGiACe: SiMOOUM Os SMinVae weeny were ey Ee. oh fon elt Nar &. (PiNGere decpy purple Gregan ed ers dent) Rotundaria. Ue | INBGHSAVOS Or ThaseGl will males Vee Soe oe ene se heoe Plethobasus. Plingemminmpemnecs pseudocaraimalsyand: lateralse sees. cee 9. ISIAGS COSA HANDSET, AIESHIVIAN, oa ace dooce sou men ee es smc Lastena. Siaelll Slacime, icotwaclecl, Gibaheawe Or @wNGS. cc oss Be esoutsa.s4se- 10. Slaell Cusuallhy) Clormeaws eimncl Garaeine. coc acsuu echo usc se emia se Tate ( Beak sculpture distinct, subconcentric, rounded upon the | DOSKERIOR SIODS een Geel dea a seein nis One tice eee ane ee Lexingtonia. 10. + | Beak sculpture coarser, inclined to be more or less double- aloo pe die Grattan ar rare teas fit cA, Saco a hina, MaMa to ee Pleurobema. I Beak sculpture running parallel with the growth-lines and Lis% GRAM! oi aS josey SIOPSs obeoospeescancodsengccons Elliptio. (beaascnl piinexconcenthic mrouncded belinide sy aa ar Uniomerus. Genus QUADRULA (Rafinesque, 1820) Agassiz. Shell triangular, quadrate or rhomboid; solid, inflated with rather coarse prominent beaks, which are generally sculptured with a few coarse, irreg- ular, subparallel ridges that are inflated where they cross the posterior ridge; posterior ridge ordinarily well developed; disk sculptured or smooth; epi- dermis usually dull-colored, dark and rayless or feebly rayed; hinge plate heavy, wide, flattened; pseudocardinals solid, direct, ragged; laterals double in the left and single in the right valve; cavity of the beaks deep and com- pressed. Marsupium occupying all four of the gills throughout, the whole smooth and pad-like. Key to the sections of Quadrula. Posterior slope with a radial furrow above the posterior ridge Re EARN Ta Ay ct hs) onl Dias aa wette Comte ae Ouadrula s. s. Womadial tinnrow above posterion mdse. 15. ..- 1. 0. sash Theliderma. 44 BRYANT WALKER Section OUADRULA s.s. Shell quadrate or rhomboid; surface pustulous, with a high, rounded or sharp posterior ridge, above which on the posterior slope is a decided Fig. 145 radial furrow; umbonal region high; epidermis shining, usually painted with a beautiful pattern of triangular spots or cHevron-shaped lines. Type: Unio cylindricus Say, fig. 144. Animal, Q. metanevra Raf., fig. 145. Section THELIDERMA (Swainson, 1840) Simpson. Shell rounded, quadrate to rhomboid, solid, pustulous; beaks rather prominent, sculpture consisting of a few, rather coarse, subparallel ridges; anterior end rounded, base often arcuate, posterior end truncate, high and angled behind the ligament, epidermis rarely rayed, never as in Quadritia s. s. Type: Unio lachrymosus Lea, fig. 146. SyNopsis FresH-WatTER MOLLUSCA 45 Genus TRITOGONIA Agassiz, 1852. Shell solid, elongate, rhomboid, having a strong, irregular posterior ridge, obliquely truncated behind in the male, in the female this region is somewhat compressed and expanded into a broad wing; base curved; whole surface, except the rounded wing of the females, covered with pustules; (EE =='5 .\ ——S S a= — SS iS oS Z i Yi aA beaks rather low, incurved and turned forward over the well developed lunule; beak sculpture strong, consisting of irregular, subparallel ridges which are curved upwards behind and fine radiating ridges in front of and behind them; epidermis dark olive; hinge plate rather narrow; pseudo- cardinals strong, ragged; laterals long and straight, near to the pseudo- cardinals; cavity of beaks rather deep and compressed; female shell more compressed than that of the male. Marsupium occupying all four gills. Type: Unio tuberculatus Bar., fig. 147. 46 BRYANT WALKER Genus MEGALONAIAS Utterback, 191s. Shell large, heavy, obovate or rhomboid, alate post-dorsally, disk oblique- ly folded; beaks sculptured with coarse, double-looped corrugations, which extend over the upper surface of the disk as nodulous plications; epidermis Fig. 148 dark-brown or blackish; beak cavities narrow and deep; anterior muscle scars deep and filled with a nacreous deposit, posterior scars large and in- distinct. Fig. 149* Type: Unio heros Say, fig. 148. Animal, fig. 149. * The following lettering applies to figs. 149, 165 and 2o1: A—Anal opening. F.—Foot. P—Palp: Av.—Antero-ventral margin. I—Inner gill. S.—Supra-anal opening. B.—Branchial opening. M.—Marsupium. ~ SYNOPSIS FRESH-WATER MOoLLusca 47 Genus AMBLEMA Rafinesque, 1819. - Shell more or less alate; beaks prominent, sculptured with coarse, con- centric or somewhat double-looped ridges which do not extend over the surface of the shell; surface of the valves usually sculptured with oblique folds; posterior slope generally having small radial plications, which curve Fig. 150 upwards behind; epidermis brownish or blackish; anterior muscle scars large, distinct, very shallow, the anterior edge smooth, the rest apparently filled with roughened shelly matter; posterior scars large, shallow, indis- tinct ; escutcheon large and dark. Marsupium occupying all four gills. Fig. Te Type: A. costata Raf. Example: A. undulata (Bar.), fig. 150. Animal, A. trapesoides (Lea), is 5 le 48 BRYANT WALKER Genus FUSCONAIA Simpson, 1900. Shell round, rhomboid, triangular or short elliptical, with a moderate posterior ridge; beaks high and full, curved inward and forward, sculp- tured with a few coarse, parallel ridges, which curve upward behind; epi- dermis dark; surface not sculptured; hinge plate of moderate width ; pseudo- cardinals strong; nacre white, salmon or purple. All four gills marsupial. Type: Unio trigonus Lea, fig. 152. Animal, (F. rubiginosa (Lea) ), fig. 153. Genus ROTUNDARIA (Rafinesque, 1820) Simpson. Shell rounded; slightly truncated above in front; posterior ridge low beaks prominent, curved inward and forward over a strongly marke) ton SYNopsis FresH-WatEr Moriusca 49 ule; beak sculpture consisting of numerous, fine, irregular, broken, some- what concentric corrugations; posterior three-fifths of the shell tuberculate ; epidermis brown; nacre purple. Only the outer gills serving as marsupium. o=mp Fig. 155 Type: Obliquaria (Rotundaria) tuberculata Rat., fig. 154. Animal, fig. 155. Genus PLETHOBASUS Simpson, 1900. Shell large, irregularly oval, inflated, solid, somewhat suddenly swollen at the posterior base; posterior ridge low and rounded; beaks rather high, near the anterior end, having a few strong ridges, which are curved up- Tig. 150 wards behind; a row of low, irregular tubercles extends from near the beaks to post-basal part of the valves; epidermis tawny yellow to dark brown; hinge plate solid, not flattened; pseudo-cardinals triangular, rough; 50 BryANt WALKER cavity of the beaks not deep; front part of the shell very heavy, thinner behind. Outer gills only serving as marsupium. o=mp Fig. 157 Type: Unio csopus Green, fig. 156. Animal, fig. 157. Genus PLEUROBEMA (Rafinesque, 1820) Agassiz. Fig. 159 Shell solid, triangular to rhomboid, usually with a prominent umbonal region; beaks at or near the anterior end of the shell, incurved and pointed forward over a small, but well developed lunule; beak sculpture coarse, con- sisting of a few, often broken, ridges, which curve upward posteriorly ; pos- terior ridge present, but low and rounded; epidermis showing the rest periods plainly, tawny to olive, often ornamented with rays which show a tendency to break into square spots; hinge rather strong, plate génerally narrow; pseudocardinals double in both valves. Cavity of the beaks shal- low. Outer gills only serving as marsupium. Type: Unio clava Lam., fig. 158. Animal, fig. 150: Synopsis FrESH-WaTER MOLLUSCA 51 Genus LEXINGTONIA Ortmann, 1914. “Shell subquadrate or subtrapezoidal, with slightly elevated beaks and well developed hinge teeth. Beaks not much anterior. Outer surface without sculpture. Epidermis lighter or dark- er brownish, with rather indistinct rays, which are narrower or wider and do not break up into blotches. Beak sculpture distinct, consisting of rather numerous (six to eight), rather crowded, subconcentric ridges, which ig. 16 a form an indistinct, rounded angle up- on the posterior ridge and are in front of this somewhat wavy and corrugated, but without showing any distinct zigzag pattern. Towards the disk, they disappear. Nacre whitish or pinkish.” Animal having only the outer gills marsupial and subcylindrical, red placenteze. Type: Unio subplanus Con., fig. 160. Genus ELLIPTIO Rafinesque, 181g. Shell ineguilateral, ovate to elongated, rounded in front and pointed or biangulate behind, with a more or less developed posterior ridge. often be- coming slightly arcuate when old; beaks only moderately full, generally sculptured with coarse ridges, which run parallel with the growth lines or are somewhat doubly looped, sometimes broken and showing fine radiating lines behind; surface smooth, slightly concentrically ridged or pustulous: epidermis generally rather dull colored, rayless or fully rayed; hinge-plate narrow, two pseudocardinals and two laterals in the left valve and one pseudocardinal and one lateral in the right, with rarely a vestige of a sec- ond lateral; cavity of the beaks not deep or compressed. Marsupium occu- pying the whole length of the outer gills only, forming a thick, smooth pad when filled with young. Key to the sections of Elliptio. Siheliersioimosce era yeremnnn aot aia Aven. o.coraks Sw laketevew yeasts. s = 2s Canthyria. Shell smooth or feebly corrugated..... BU ncaa src masa tickiace Elliptio s. s. 52 BRYANT WALKER Section ELLIPTIO s. s. Shell elongated, rhomboid or oval, usually more or less biangulate be- hind; beak sculpture consisting of a few rather strong ridges, which are nearly parallel to the growth lines or slightly doubly looped; the surface smooth or feebly corrugated. Type: Unio crassidens Lam., fig. r61. Animal, fig. 162. Section CANTHYRIA Swainson, 1840. e 2 fy > — : Shell inflated, suboval, spinose, ——s with a high, rather sharp posterior —— ridge, above which it is somewhat truncated ; beaks rather compress- \\ ed; epidermis smooth and shining, ))\ variegated with angular blotches; jj)! hinge sharply curved at the cen- | jj) tre; pseudocardinals rather com- pressed; laterals short, remote; beak cavities rather deep. q Fig. 163 | Type: Unio spmosus Lea, fig. 163. SyNopsis FRESH-WaATER MOLLUSCA 53 Genus UNIOMERUS Conrad, 1853. Shell trapezoidal, with a rounded posterior ridge and pointed or feebly biangulate behind; beaks not prominent, sculptured with curved, rather strong, concentric ridges; epidermis generally rayless; pseudocardinals us- ually compressed, laterals delicate, slightly curved. Outer gills only marsupial. Fig. 165 Type: Unio tetralasmus Say, fig. 164. Animal, fig. 165. Genus LASTENA Rafinesque, 1820. Shell elongated, subsolid, inequilateral, generally wider in front, rounded and truncate at the anterior base, pointed at the post-basal region, and hav- ing a low posterior ridge, with one or more secondary ridges above it; beaks low, sculptured with a few coarse, irregular, longitudinal folds; epi- 54 BryANt WALKER dermis shining, often rayed; a single imperfect tooth in each valve and sometimes vestiges of laterals; nacre purplish shading to blue at the edge; pallial line radially ridged. Animal having the foot very large, as long as the shell when extended, of a subcylindricai, compressed shape, with a distal swelling. The middle portion of the outer gills only marsupial. Glochidia semicircular, slightly oblique, inequivalve, without points or hooks. Type: Anodonta (Lastena) lata Raf., fig. 166. Genus GONIDEA Conrad, 1857. Shell elongated, subtriangular, much narrowed in front, wide behind, inflated, subsolid, usually with a high, sharp posterior ridge; beaks rather sharp but not high, the sculpture consisting of a few, strong, concentric bars: epidermis rayless; hinge with a rudimentary pseudocardinal and lat- eral in each valve, though these are sometimes wanting; pallial line with a trace of a sinus behind; nacre lurid to purplish. Female having all four gills marsupial; with well developed septa, run- ning parallel to the gill filaments and forming water tubes; septa not all con- tinuous, but are often interupted, chiefly so toward the proximal (basal) part of the gill and, towards the edge, frequently shorter septa are inter- calated. Glochidia subovate or nearly subcircular, without hooks. Type: Anodonta angulata Lea, fig. 167. Subfamily ANODONTINA® Ortmann, ror2. “Inner lamina of inner gill free from the abdominal sac, or more or less connected with it, rarely entirely connected; supra-anal opening well sep- arated from the anal, sometimes the connection of the mantle separating it from the anal is very long and the supra-anal is quite short; branchial open- ing well defined, no papillz or flaps in front of it on the edge of the mantle; marsupium formed by the outer gills in their length, distending, when SyNopsis FRESH-WATER MoLLusca 55 charged, and the thickened tissue at the edge capable of stretching out in a direction transverse to the gill, but not beyond the edge (or only slightly so); water-tubes in the gravid female divided longitudinally into three tubes, with only the one in the middle used as an ovisac, and closed at the base of the gill; glochidium semicircular or triangular, with a spine (hook), in the middle of the ventral margin of each valve; shell generally very heavy, often thin, never round, but more or less elongated; color of epi- dermis generally bright and with color markings; sculpture of the beak double-looped or concentric, in the latter case often extremely heavy; hinge rarely complete and, if so, of peculiar structure; generally there is a dis- tinct tendency toward the reduction of the hinge-teeth, and often they are completely absent; sextial differences in the shell very rarely present.” (Ortmann. ) Key to the genera of Anodontine. (Beale cculpamercencemtacs tee 6 6 airs fre eee ae 2. ee | Beak scullotmne doulolle-tooped, 4s 1a. Gise ee conc ohare cope eee 4. (Beak sculpture times ee emers quiere te ye ere a Anodontoides. Ze eBedkatccullmbiirencoarse: sit gues nits abeee cil aime, laste 3: (esencdacancdimalsawell: developed a3 S25 se ..1.. oa Alasmidonta. ! 3:4 : esemdocancditials manchimentany gcse C.- ee 2- Strophitus. fehimnechwhollysedemtulotis 005s es ees es Anodonta. ) 4.4 [Piiineertcethamercronsless developeday: ~-.. 8... 2. a. eet 5. ( Beak sculpture tubercular; surface tubercular or folded......... 6. 5.4 Beak sculpture not tubercular; surface smooth except on Peespoctenionolopemaw ress se wie there 2 lak une cen nt ee aie Ue { Beak sculpture strong and continuous with tubercular sur- Hern icer SC Ullmitince emits: erecta aerate ye ES Lue ess oh 8 Arcidens. 6. ; Beak sculpture poorly developed and not continuous with Preestirtace “scilptiice saa. cos st. POM een Ge asccr ree ise Arkansia. Beak sculpture double-looped; pseudo-cardinals fully de- WEIODEG! Gaghetid-c 6, che Bees hoa oy ee noe a Lasmugona. 7- Beak sculpture open behind; a single pseudo-cardinal in Wench vallycleer catenin tote nutcwhic«s laiies «x 6 0 2G ¢ Stmpsoniconcha. 56 BryAN?T WALKER Genus STROPHITUS Rafinesque, 1820. Shell elliptical to rhomboid, inflated, subsolid, pointed or biangulate be- hind, with a low posterior ridge, which is sometimes double; beaks full, sculpture consisting of a few, strong, concentric ridges, which curve sharply upwards behind; epidermis rayed or rayless, shining; hinge line incurved in front of the beaks; teeth rudimentary, a vestigial, compressed tooth in each valve, and sometimes a secondary tooth; laterals rarely present. Mar- supium occupying the whole of the outer gills, consisting of short, hori- zontal ovisacs, which run directly across the gills. | Type: Anodonta undulata Say. Example: S. edentulus (Say), fig. 168. Animal, fig. 169. Genus ANODONTA Lamarck, 1799. Shell elliptical, thin, inflated, often slightly winged posteriorly; beak sculpture consisting of rather numerous, more or less parallel ridges, usually somewhat doubly looped and becoming slightly nodulous on the loops; sur- face generally smooth, shining; hinge edentulous, reduced to a mere line, regularly curved; nacre dull. Synopsis FrEsH-Water Moriusca 57 Marsupium occupying the whole outer gills, when filled forming a smooth, very thick, liver-colored pad. Type: Mytilus cygneus L,. Example: A. cataracta Say, fig. 170. Animal, fig. 171. Pig. a7 Genus ANODONTOIDES Simpson, 1808. Shell elliptical, inflated, thin, with a faint posterior ridge, sometimes constricted at the centre of the base; beaks rather full, with a few, not very coarse, subparallel, concentric ridges, which are curved up rather suddenly, behind and back of these are fine radiating ridges; epidermis smooth and SS shining, often rayed; hinge line slightly incurved in front of the beaks, edentulous or bearing the merest rudiments of teeth; nacre bluish-white. Marsupium occupying the outer gills only. Type: Anodonta ferussaciana Lea, fig. 172. Genus ARCIDENS Simpson, 1900. Shell subsolid, inflated, subrhomboidal, with full high beaks; beak sculp- ture very strong, consisting of irregular corrugations, which fall into two loops, at the base of which the ridges are swollen into knobs that continue out in two radiating rows on to the disk of the shell; in front of and be- hind the beaks are many fine, radial wrinkles, the posterior ones being zig- 58 Bryant WALKER zagged; surface of the shell covered with oblique folds and wrinkles; epi- dermis dark olive, shining; left valve with two elongated, compressed pseu- docardinals, the posterior under the beak and curved upwards, cutting off S\ SSSR Mf =o i \ < HANNS VG the hinge plate in the right valve, which has a single, compressed pseudo- cardinal in front; laterals numerous, short, blurred; nacre white. Mar- supium occupying the outer gills. Fig. 174 Type: Alasmodonta confragosa Say, fig. 173. Animal, fig. 174. Genus ARKANSIA Ortmann and Walker, 1912. Shell moderately thick, subrotund to subovate or subrhomboidal, in- flated, with full beaks. Disk sculptured with irregular, oblique folds, which are sometimes indistinct. Beak sculpture poorly developed, consisting of two to three double-looped bars, the loops slightly swollen or tubercular, dis- Synopsis FRESH-WATER MoLLusca 59 appearing toward the disk and not continuous with the sculpture of the latter. Hinge well developed, with strong pseudocardinals, a very strong SHY fit G HC ACN 0 Witte fh \\ N it CxO eS » A ates a ENA P| AN Al interdental projection in the left valve and well developed, strong, but rather short laterals. Outer gills only marsupial. Type: Arkansia wheelert O. and W., fig. 175. Genus LASMIGONA Rafinesque, 1831. Shell elliptic-rhomboid, compressed; beaks low, their sculpture consist- ing of strong bars; one pseudocardinal in the right valve and two in the left, the hinder somewhat /\-shaped, cutting off the hinge-plate in the right valve; laterals generally imperfect. Marsupium thick, padlike, filling the outer gills. Key to the subgenera of Lasmigona. Sheliscommiecared: onmepostenom Slope sse see. 85. Lasmigona s. Ss. : Slncll Selogth) Gash. sa vae seek Sle Cae ae Serta rene eae Sey feline RCCCUIMG iCal pM emerge Nee Yo hia ae aa die eee ae “| EIS sheCE VietymlCaAyveetr a.) senegal wees cc Ud we caus Pterosyna. : { Lateral teeth compressed, moderately developed......... Platynaias. [ ateraleteethunmearhyoriquite wanting ?:o..:.se: 2.8.62. <2 Alasminota. 60 Brvanv WALKER Subgenus PLATYNAIAS Walker, 1917. Shell smooth, subsolid, shining, rayed; beak sculpture sharply double- looped; teeth delicate; laterals compressed, moderately developed. fiat SAK 4/3 ue ot PALE KOS 4 o Type: Symphynota compressa Lea, fig. 176. Subgenus LASMIGONA s. s. Shell subrhomboid, compressed, corrugated behind; beaks low, their sculpture consisting of several coarse ridges, which generally fall into two slight loops, and often with radiating ridges in front and behind; epidermis shining; laterals partly developed, consisting of blurred ridges, which slope diagonally downward and backward on the hinge-plate; cavities of the beaks shallow. Type: Alasmidonta costata Raf., fig. 177. \ Synopsis FRESH-WaTER MOLLUSCA 61 Subgenus ALASMINOTA Ortmann, 1914. Shell elongated elliptical, rather small. Surface without sculpture. Pseudocardinals delicate; laterals nearly or quite wanting. Beak sculpture not heavy, consisting of four to six rather fine, sharp bars, the first one or Fig. 178 two subconcentric, the following ones sharply double-looped, the posterior loop smaller, separated from the anterior by a deep, sharp, re-entering angle. Type: Margaritana holstonia Lea, fig. 178. Subgenus PTE ROSYNA Rafinesque, 1831. Shell large, ovate-rhomboid, inflated in the post-basal region; beaks much compressed; their sculpture sharply and strongly doubly looped; epi- dermis dark, scarcely rayed; teeth very heavy. Type: Alasmodonta complanata Bar., fig. 179. 62 BrYANT WALKER Genus ALASMIDONTA Say, 1818. Shell generally rhomboid, inflated, with a well developed posterior ridge, which ends in a point when it is single or a biangulation when double; beaks full and high, with coarse, concentric or slightly doubly looped bars; epidermis rayed, shining; hinge with two pseudocardinals in the left valve and one in the right; laterals usually wanting or imperfect, present in Pro- lasmidonta, cavity of the beaks deep; nacre bluish, Marsupium occupying the éntire outer gills. = oS) iS) a cn a a a aN Ou Subgenus PRESSODONTA Simpson, 1900. Shell small, decidedly rhomboid, surface gen- erally painted with unbroken rays; beak sculpture slightly corrugated; teeth compressed. Types Key to the subgenera of Alasmudonta. IPeKeIcak WES KESSME Soom ecoscscccoob oo eseecosnen Prolasmidonta. Wateral teeth wabsett orODSOleteye ae seeks ee reel ee 2, Shell solid, pseudocardinals solid, stumpy.......-....+.;:.--.-. 3. Shell thinner, pseudocardinals compressed or imperfect......... 4. Sirell ovate srhombordesitmnlatedinn 4 ane: ae cee een Alasmidonta s. s. Siacill ganeillere, Cormnpmcssecl, weray SOG. 5 .5c0005s00500090400 Pegias. Posterior slope sirgitlyacoriugated: ss 15 eee eer Rugifera. POSTOIe SOS SUNOOUN sor ccocccecnesocccovcovooodanaganecor: 5. Shell rhomboid, posterior ridge low, rounded.......... Pressodonta. Shell subtriangular, posterior ridge high, sharp............ Bullella. Subgenus ALASMIDONTA s. s. Shell ovate-rhomboid, solid, inflated, shining, with very strong, generally con- (4, centric, beak sculpture ; pseudocardinals “i solid, stumpy, somewhat radiately ridg- ed; laterals short, very imperfect or wanting; beak cavities deep, compressed. Type: Monodonta undulata Say, fig. 180. Unio calceolus Lea, fig. 181. SyNopsts FRESH-WATER MOLLUsca 63 Subgenus PROLASMIDONTA Ortmann, 1914. Lateral hinge teeth present, but their number re- versed, two in the right, one in the left valve. Beak sculpture moderately heavy, bars with an angle upon the posterior ridge and a slight sinus in front of it. Inner lamina of inner gills free. Female shell recog- nizable by a slight swelling in the region of the pos- terior ridge. Type: Unio heterodon Lea, fig. 182. Subgenus PEGIAS Simpson, 1900. Shell small, thickened in front, with a sharp posterior ridge, in front of which is a wide, radial impression, ending in a basal sinus; above this ridge is another, making the shell decidedly biangu- late and truncate behind; beak sculpture consisting of sub-conic corrugations, generally swollen on the posterior ridge; epidermis decorticated, but showing a few, dark radial rays on the base of the shell; pseudocardinals rather solid; laterals wanting. Type: Margaritana fabula Lea, fig. 183. Subgenus RUGIFERA Simpson, 1900. Shell elongated, rhomboid, inflated, surface brilliantly painted with radi- ations which often break into dappled or splashed pattern of color; pos- terior slope slightly corrugated; teeth very imperfect; laterals wanting. Type: Alasmodonta marginata Say, fig. 184. 64 Bryant WALKER Subgenus BULLELLA Simpson, 1900. Shell thin, greatly inflated, somewhat triangular, with a high, sharp pos- terior ridge; beaks very full, having exceedingly strong, concentric sculp- ture, extending well on to the disk; pseudocardinals reflexed, compressed.. SSS ——— Type: Margaritana arcula Lea, fig. 185. Genus SIMPSONICONCHA. Frierson, 1914. Shell small, elongate elliptical, rounded ~ in front and behind, often slightly incurved \ at the central base; beak rather sharp, but Yj not full; sculpture consisting of fine par- allel ridges which are looped up in the mid- dle and open behind; epidermis brownish, rayless; teeth imperfect, a ‘single, irregular, compressed tooth in each valve; laterals nearly or quite wanting; anterior end of the shell much thickened; nacre dull whitish. Marsupium occupying the whole of the outer gills. Type: Alasmodonta ambigua Say, fig. 186. Subfamily LAMPSILINA® Ortmann, 1912. “Inner lamina of inner gills rarely more or less free from the abdominal sac, generally connected with it throughout; stpra-anal opening separated from the anal, rarely entirely closed; branchial openings well defined; edge of the mantle in front of the branchial opening smooth to crenulated or with peculiar papilla or a flap; marsupium rarely formed by the whole outer gill, generally only by or within the posterior part of the outer gill: edge of marsupium, when charged, distending and bulging out beyond the original edge of the gill, generally assuming a beaded appearance: water- tubes simple in the gravid female; glochidium semicircular or semi-elliptic, Synopsis FrESH-WATER MOLLUSCA 65 without spine, rarely celt-shaped and with two spines; shell heavy or lighter, rounded, or oval to elongate; color of the epidermis rarely dull, mostly bright, with color markings; sculpture of the beak generally, double- looped, but often obsolete. more rarely concentric; hinge generally complete, with well developed teeth, which only in rare cases show a tendency to become re- duced; sexual differences more or less noticeable in the shell, often very strongly expressed.”’ (Ortmann. ) Key to the genera of Lampsiline. Piviale amcenemalessinells allies: 5.0.02. 2 Ss ae a ea ae 2) : | Male and female shells GRRE OTRETI Est Oust of os ae TR earn Meas RE ne ee han GE Eee f Sirelivelonevate-transwlar. eos. .n2 2 ES paicie utah Ptychobranchus. = | Sircliounded=tmametlen Orval ee tastes ccc cs ae ee 2 ( Shell oval, with a medial row of large tubercles......... Obliquaria. | Shell rounded-triangular, nodulously wrinkled or lachrymose.... 4. | Epidermis painted w ith delicate mottlings on a light ground, Dealeicavitvess SiiaMlOnyen aaeeue ory eees iar. ele eae : Cypr ogenia. 4. | Epidermis painted with radiating hair-lines, beak cavities | deep and compressed Gre) DeLee gine ee cre bans eraeaicn LOR aa Dromus. ee emale shell more or less expanded in the post-basal HEMMOG so ROH 6. 5.4 Female shell slightly swollen just behind the middle of the o> TASS iS GBR eS eee aca ee eee oe ear rare er Sa Medionidus. ( Dicwrsell teeieerin ine. 5 Aig eee eels aon eee a eae 7 6. [Dioirsall itenreiner TOW snake V5 ees She oni cameos bo a acer more 8. ( Pseudocardinals perfect; glochidium celt-shaped, with two : Spine Surmpnamtees sk OR fat Bee Aa Proptera. Pseudocardinals rudimentary ; glochidium semicircular, with- OIBNE AS/DINTES AE SBS Bia chn to: et gO Oe ce Paraptera. | Beendocarcinalonwelibdenvelomed completes seer tees oc Q. | Pseudocardinals divided into irregular lamine............. Glebula. { Shell with a distinct posterior ridge, dorsal-slope smooth........ 10. 4 Shell usually without a distinct posterior ridge, or when dis- | tinct, dorsal-slope madiaicly SOU Tote ye ays eqs ccs seager hue oyebaue cose Tee ( Hinge heavy and strong; hinge-plate olde Bimal flaptes oe ed Plagiola. TO. 4 | Hinge delicate; hinge-plate narrow................. Amygdalonaias. 66 H 4 5 | bo _—— an — is) = On taal ts LEST gE Sa - I S e S e EN 16. BRYANT WALKER Marsupial expansion of the female shell of the same texture AS the LeSt Of the ISIne lil: <) Seve eeceneiels aerial rtreerr te eae ee a 12. Marsupial expansion of the female shell of different texture from the rest of the shell and usually radiately sculp- Perea ee re EN re een a A Sc bao 0d 0.8 0 Truncilla. Tnner edge of the mantle in front of the branchial opening differentiated with papille or flaps..........----+---+-+-+-:- 1. Inner edge of mantle in front of branchial opening without Deypiiles Orr las soso scenes SR Ana es dunthels see Sime egies 16. S hell Siti Oth yc es ar ee sed re eee a ee a care eee ee 14. Shell) stronelysscullpittnedt) postemiotlyg iy rete err tere Lemon. Beale setlpimnesciotble looped eye ete ee er eee 15. Beale SCUMDMIRS COMCEMEMC 3.5 ca cnc0ecan Hear actscoe Carunculina. Inner edge of mantle in front of branchial opening in female Ghisiiuncihy Mapulate .ossscecc cesar coo se asec ease ace Eurynia. Inner edge of mantle in front of branchial opening in female tla) eh collolOmalS EID pe oa ene gegneceoenooccoss 01s ss Lampsilis. Shell inflated. usually, higher sham lone eee. a: Obovaria. Shell subcompressed, longer than high................4 4 ctinonaias. Genus PTYCHOBRANCHUS Simpson, 1900. Shell triangular, solid, sometimes becoming arcuate in old specimens; umbonal region rather elevated; beak sculpture consisting of faint, some- what broken ridges, which have a tendency to be doubly looped; posterior ridge rounded, but well developed; epidermis usually painted with wavy hair-like rays or broken, radiating bars, which show a tendeney to form square spots; hinge-plate rather wide and flat; pseudocardinals small, low, triangular and roughened; laterals club-shaped, remote. Synopsis FrRESH-WaTER Moriusca 67 Marsupium occupying the basal half of the entire length of the outer gills and having in front six to twenty beautiful folds; ovisacs distinct, each ending below in an enlarged, rounded bulb, which has a colored spot in the centre. Type: Unio phaseolus Hild., fig. 187. Animal, P. subtentus (Say), fig. 188. Genus OBLIQUARIA Rafinesque, 1820. Shell inflated, solid, oval, ending in a tolerably sharp point behind, hav- ing a row of large, compressed, longitudinal knobs running from the beaks to the centre of the base, those of one valve alternating with the knobs of the other, and a well developed posterior ridge, the space between the ridge and the knobs somewhat excavated; posterior slope and sometimes the en- tire shell more or less corrugately sculptured; beaks prominent, incurved and pointed slightly forward toward a tolerably well developed lunule; beak sculpture strong, consisting of four or five heavy, parallel ridges, which fall Fig. 190 low in front, but are curved upwards behind; epidermis smooth, generally shining, painted with numerous, delicate, wavy, darker, broken rays; pseudo- cardinals strong, distinct and ragged; laterals short, nearly straight; front part of the shell very solid, suddenly becoming rather thin, just behind the knobs. Marsupium consisting of a few, distinctly marked ovisacs (4 to 7) occtipying a position just behind the centre of the outer gills, projecting far below the rest of the branchiz, their bases rounded. Type: O. reflera Raf., fig. 189. Animal, fig. 190. 68 Bryant WALKER Genus DROMUS Simpson, 1900. Shell solid, rounded triangular; beaks well forward, rather high; beak sculpture consisting of fine ridges running parallel with the growth lines, the furrows between the ridges interrupted at the posterior ridge; posterior ridge distinct; a series of humps runs from the beaks down to the central part of the base of the shell, which is otherwise sculptured by irregular, concentric ridges; epidermis beautifully painted by undulated, radiating, broken hair-lines or fine maculations; hinge plate wide and flat; pseudo- cardinals triangular, small and low, ragged; laterals low, short, club-shaped ; cavity of the beaks deep and compressed; front part of the shell very thick, suddenly becoming thinner at the row of humps. Marsupium cccupying the base of nearly the whole outer gills in numerous narrow ovisacs, which extend beyond the original edge of the gill. Type: Unio dromas J.ea, fig. 191. Animal, frontispiece, fig. 192. Genus CYPROGENIA Agassiz, 1852. Shell solid, inflated, rounded, triangular, sometimes slightly retuse, gen- erally a little biangular behind; posterior ridge usually well developed; um- bonal region flattened parallel with the axis of the shell, sometimes com- Fig. 193 Fig. 194 Synopsis FrEsH-WATER MOLLUSCA : 69 pressed ; beaks curved inward and forward, their sculpture very faint, con- sisting of slightly double looped ridges; sculpture of the shell nodular, radiately wrinkled or lachrymose; ligament black and conspicuous; lunule distinct, well developed; epidermis shining, painted with a delicate mottling on a light ground; hinge plate wide and flat; pseudo-cardinals heavy, tri- angular, blunt and ragged; laterals short, obliquely striated, cavity of the beaks not deep; nacre bright and silvery. _ Marsupium consisting of from seven to twenty-three very long, purple ovisacs pendant from near the central base of the outer gills and formed into a close coil with the ends turned inward. Lype: Unio irroratus Lea, fig. 193. Animal, fig. 194. Genus PLAGIOLA (Rafinesque, 1819), Agassiz. Shell solid, surface irregularly, concentrically ridged; epidermis smooth- ish, but here and there wrinkled; painted with larger and smaller scattered Fig. 195 ° hinge heavy and strong; hinge plate wide and flat; female shell smaller than the male, more inflated and swollen at the post basal region. Marsupium large, projecting far below the inner gills. Type: Unio securis Lea, fig. 195. Genus AMYGDALONATAS Fischer and Crosse, 1893. pu 5 SP Shell inflated, decidedly truncate at the posterior slope; surface slightly con- centrically sculptured; posterior ridge sharp and well defined; epidermis shin- ing, sometimes wrinkled, looped and painted with a beautiful pattern of broken or arrow-marked rays; area of the beaks flattened off in the direction of the axis of the shell, but not com- pressed; beak sculpture delicate, some- what broken and doubly looped, the anterior loop rounded, the posterior sharp below, the ribs fading out where they cross the posterior ridge; hinge 70 Bryant WALKER delicate; pseudo-cardinals rather compressed, high and ragged; hinge plate narrow; female shell very slightly swollen at the post-base. Marsupium consisting of numerous, distinct ovisacs and having a well marked sulcus extending around it at some distance above its base. Type: Unio cognatus Lea. Example: P. elegans (Lea), fig. 196. Genus MEDIONIDUS Simpson, 1900. Shell elongated, rather inflated, often arcuate when adult, sometimes having a posterior ridge; dorsal slope and occasionally the posterior portion of the shell plicately or nodulously wrinkled; epidermis smooth and bright, variagated with broken green rays and blotches; beak sculpture consisting of rather fine, subparallel, often broken ridges in two loops, the anterior’ rounded, the posterior somewhat angled, occasionally broken into zigzags ; pseudo-cardinals small, stumpy and somewhat roughened; laterals rather short, slightly curved and club-shaped; female shell slightly swollen behind the middle of the base. ‘Marsupium occupying the central posterior part of the outer gills, sometimes extending nearly their whole length. : Type: Unio conradicus Lea, fig. 197. Animal, fig. 198. Genus GLEBULA Conrad, 1853. Fig. 199 Shell solid, much inflated, short, elliptical, bluntly pointed and slightly biangulate behind, with a low, posterior ridge; female shell swollen at the SyNopsis FrEsSH-WATER MoLiusca 71 post-base; beaks compressed, sculpture unknown; epidermis brownish, cloth-like ; pseudo-cardinals divided into irregularly radiating, granular lam- ina, sometimes to the number of a dozen or more in each valve; hinge-plate reduced to a mere rounded line behind the pseudo-cardinals; laterals short, remote. Ovisacs apparently separated from each other by a sulcus. Type: Unio rotundata Lam., fig. 199. Genus PROPTERA Rafinesque, 1819. _——_— ib Le Shell usually large, gaping at anterior edge and edge of dorsal slope, winged along the dorsal region when young and often when adult: beak ie Bryant WALKER sculpture feeble, consisting, when developed, of an anterior and posterior loop, the former often wanting; epidermis generally brown, often cloth-like when fresh, rayless or feebly rayed; teeth rather compressed, pseudo-car- dinals frequently imperfect or nearly wanting; laterals remote. Marsu- pium kidney-shaped, consisting of numerous ovisacs occupying the posterior part of the outer gill; edge of mantle in female slightly lamellar in front of the branchial opening with granulations, but without papille. Glochidia celt- shaped, with two spines, one at each of the ventral corners. Type: Unio alatus Say, fig. 200. Animal, fig. 201. Genus PARAPTERA Ortmann, 1911. Shell large, thin, elliptical or slightly obovate, more or less compressed, winged on the dorsal margin; beaks low; epidermis rather smooth, often feebly rayed, dull colored, but usually glossy; teeth compressed, pseudo- cardinals but feebly and often imperfectly developed; nacre purplish. Male and female shells/nearly alike, the latter scarcely swollen at post-basal region. Marsupium kidney-shaped, swollen, consisting of many ovisacs occupy- ing the posterior part of the outer gill; mantle edge of the female slightly Synopsis FresH-WatErR MoLiusca 73 lamellar in front of the branchial opening, with crenulations, but not with papilla. Glochidia very small, of suboval shape. Type: Unio gracilis Bar., frg. 202. Genus OBOVARIA Rafinesque, 1819. Shell short, oval, rounded or retuse, solid, inflated, thick in front, thin- ner behind, with high beaks, which are sculptured with very faint, irregular, often broken and.slightly nodulous ridges, which show a tendency to fall into two loops, the posterior often open behind; epidermis dull, brownish, silky or cloth-like, rarely rayed, rays indistinct; female shell but slightly inflated in the post basal region, commonly having a shallow furrow or a flattened area at the posterior end; pseudo-cardinals solid; stumpy; laterals short, club-shaped. Marsupium kidney-shaped, projecting far below the edge of the gill and occupying the posterior portion of the outer gills. Key to the subgenera of Obovaria. Shell retrorse to short oval, beaks high and central........ Obozaria s. s. Stele clinically avecalcouambent ote wre ced eee sec ovsisfeis = yee Guszet-es Pseudoon. 74 Bryant, WALKER Subgenus OBOVARIA s. s. Shell retrorse to short oval; beaks high, central; pseudo-cardinals rarely parallel with the laterals; cavity of the beaks deep, subcompressed; nacre bluish-white or purple. Marsupium as in the genus. Type: Unio retusa Lam., fig. 203. Animal, fig. 204. Subgenus PSEUDOON Simpson, 1900. Shell elliptical, inflated, solid; that of the male slightly pointed at the upper posterior part; epidermis brownish or blackish, rayless or very feebly - . SSsss s SSS S== SyNopsis FRESH-WaTER MoLLusca 75 rayed; beaks anterior; pseudo-cardinals solid, stumpy or slightly elongate in age, and showing a tendency toward being parallel with the laterals; nacre silvery, iridescent posteriorly. Marsupium kidney-shaped, not reach- ing to the posterior end of the outer gill, though extending quite well for- ward. Type: Unio ellipsis Lea, fig. 205. Genus ACTINONAITAS Fischer and Crosse, 1893. = LY ALi yr ah Ze, LY i i. a SS Fig. 206 “Shell ovate or subelliptical, distinctly longer than high, compressed or slightly inflated, without, or with, indistinct posterior ridge. Disk not sculptured. Beaks moderately ante- rior, never in the middle of the shell and never very near the anterior end. Beak-sculpture poorly developed, con- sisting of a few faint bars, which have a tendency to become double- looped, with the central part between the loops obliterated. Epidermis yel- lowish to greenish, generally with dis- tinct rays. Male and female shells differing in shape, but the difference often hardly noticeable. Soft parts agreeing with those of Obovaria in every respect: the glo- chidia also of the same type.” (Ortmann.) Type: Unio sapotalensis Lea, (animal), fig. 207. Example: A. ligamentinus (Lam.), fig. 206. 76 Bryant WALKER Genus CARUNCULINA Simpson, 1898. Shell small, inflated, obovate, rather solid, with a thick dark epidermis, which is rayless or only feebly rayed; beak sculpture consisting of rather strong, concentric ridges, which form, as a general thing, only a single rounded loop in front and are strongly curved upward behind. Pseudo- cardinals compressed, smooth on the inside, generally reflected upward, somewhat torn on the edges. Shell quite commonly pointed posteriorly, that of the female truncated obliquely on the post-base. Marsupium kidney- shaped, formed by a few large ovisacs, projecting beyond the gill; female having a well developed caruncle on the inner edge of the mantle in front of the branchial opening. Type: Unio parvus Bar., fig. 208. Animal, fig. 209. Genus FURYNIA Rafinesque, 1820. Shell oval to oblong; surface smooth; beak sculpture delicate, double- looped; female shell more or less expanded or swollen in the post-basal re- gion. ( Inner edge of the mantle in the female distinctly papillate. Marsupium kidney-shaped, ocupying the posterior part of the outer gill. Key to the subgenera of Eurynia. Shell elongate, more or less pointed behind. Papille on inner edge of mantle regular, uniform, reaching to aMNGIGNS Oi Wowerr wMebMeshn . Sy scdodsccacanssSehooesoos Eurynia s. s. Sheli subovate or subelliptical, not much pointed behind. Papille on inner edge of mantle irregular, not reaching to mid- dle Or lower amarsin yee soni ae SAS. tA, eee Micromya. SyNopsis FrRESH-WATER MoLLusca 77 Subgenus EFURYNIA s. s. Shell usually of good size, subelliptical, elongated, more or less pointed betind; beak sculpture double-looped, the posterior loop often open behind. 5 So es AW MEETS GRO ae me, PP mp Fig. 211 Inner edge of the mantle in the female in front of the branchial open- ing with a long row of quite regular, uniform, subequal papillae, reaching to about the middle of the lower margin. Type: Unio recta Lam., fig. 210. . Animal, fig. 211. 78 BRYANT WALKER Subgenus MICROMYA Agassiz, 1852. Shell small or of medium size, suboval or subelliptical, not very long and not much pointed behind; beak sculpture distinctly double-looped, but often obsolete, the posterior loop often showing a tendency to be open. Inner edge of the mantle of the female in front of the branchial open- ing with a shorter or longer row of rather irregular, larger and smaller papillz, reaching not quite to the middle of the lower margin. ‘ype: Unio fabalis Lea, fice 212, Animals 1775 (Clea), ties 2a: Genus LAMPSILIS Rafinesque, 1820. Shell oval to elliptical, smooth or slightly, concentrically sculptured, us- ually without a posterior ridge; epidermis generally smooth and shining, often rayed; beak sculpture, consisting of double-looped, parallel ridges, sometimes the posterior loop open behind or the sculpture is obsolete ; hinge SYNopSis FRESH-WaATER Mon Lusca 79 with one or two pseudocardinals and one lateral in the right valve, and two pseudo-cardinals and two laterals in the left; female shell having a strong inflation of the shell and dilatation in the post-basal region, produc- ing a distinct posterior truncation of the shell. Marsupium kidney-shaped, Fig. 215 occupying the posterior part of the outer gills; edge of the mantle of the female in front of the branchial opening developed into a ribbon-like flap, generally produced anteriorly into a full, projecting lobe, which has a lacer- ated appearance. Type: Unio ovatus Say, fig. 214. Animal, fig. 21s. 80 - BRYANT WALKER Genus LEMIOX (Rafinesque °?) Ortmann, 1916, Shell triangularly ovate, solid, more or less inflated, with a low, rounded posterior ridge; beaks high, turned forward over a small lunule, sculpture distinctly double-looped; surface with strong, cor- rugated, subradial sculpture on the posterior half, which is divaricate on the posterior ridge and which sometimes covers the entire shell; epidermis cloud- ed, dull-green or yellowish green, usually feebly rayed; pseudocardinals low, subradial, ragged, two a in the left valve, one to three in the right valve; Fig. 216 laterals heavy, double in the left valve, partly dou- ble in the right; muscle scars small, impressed; nacre silvery white, irides- cent behind, thicker in front. Male shell subovate or subtriangular, with a broad, shallow, radial depression in front of the posterior ridge or having the whole disk, at least, flattened. Female shell usually ovate, sometimes inflated, smaller than the male, with a feebly developed marsupial swelling, distinctly, but irregularly, denticulate on the margin, at the base near the posterior end. Mantle margin of the female in front of the branchial opening denticu- late on the outer margin. The inner margin has, just in front of the bran- chial, a few small papillae and then is laminate and elevated and rather smooth and probably capable of some expansion. Type: Unio celatus Con. (Unio rimosus Raf. ??), fig. 216. Genus TRUNCILLA Rafinesque, 1819. Shell rounded, oval or subtriangular, solid, inflated, generally smooth and rayed; beak sculpture delicate, often obsolete, double-looped; female shell very different from that of the male, having a very decided inflation - in the post basal region, which is thinner than the rest of the shell, of differ- ent texture, often toothed and usually radiately sculptured. Inner edge of the mantle in the female in front of the branchial opening is not parallel to the outer edge, but 1s more or less remote from it, often quite distant from it and has finer or coarser papilla. The mantle between the two edges is peculiarly spongy. Marsupium swollen, kidney-shaped, formed by many ovisacs, occupying the posterior portion of the outer gill. Key to the subgenera of Truncilla. ( Male shell smooth, no radiate, posterior furrow; female 4 shell imlated@alone, postenionmdces ssc 4-5 one Truncilla s. s. | Male shell with a wade, radiate, posterior furrow. 0...) 40408 BD. ‘{ Female shell with a small, rounded, radial post-basal swell- Ghee A Uy nea, SM ety Paid ans aayel Si it dhs . Scalenaria.. Female shell with a greatly produced basal swelling, nearly i the; centre Om athe baseresey eerie ee eee nee Dysnomia. Female shell with a rounded, foliaceous swelling at the pos- 2.4 | | (2h tentor "base 2 kk BE Oe te E eae Niet ENG. roan en arene Pilea. =. Synopsis FresH-WatER Morusca 81 Subgenus TRUNCILLA s. s. Shell covered with broken rays, somewhat triangular and without a wide, radiate, posterior furrow. Type: 7. triqueter Raf., fig. 217. Animal, fig. 218. Fig. 219 Male shell having a wide, radiating, shallow depression in front of the posterior ridge; that of the female having a small, rounded, well-defined, radial post-basal swelling. Type: Unio sulcatus Lea, fig. 219. 82 BRYANT WALKER Subgenus DYSNOMIA Agassiz, 1852. Shell of the male with a posterior and central radiating ridge, with a wide flattened space between, that of the female with a greatly produced . 220 inflation a little behind the centre of the base, being a continuation of the central ridge. Type: Unio foliatus Hild., fig. 220. Subgenus PILEA Simpson, rgoo. Fig. 221 Male shell with a wide, shallow, radiating depression in front 6f the posterior ridge, that of the female with a rounded foliaceous swelling at the posterior base. SyNOPSIS FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA 83 fF fi IN f is > Ath oR = D>! Om. Dy” /p Fig. 222 Type: Unio personatus Say, fig. 221. Animal, T. rangiana (Lea), fig. 222. Genus incerte sedis. Genus COKERIA Marshall, 1916. “Shell gaping anteriorly, moderately thin, subquadrangular to subtrian- gular; abruptly rounded anteriorly, posterior margin nearly straight and perpendicular, dorsal margin straight, ventral margin gently curving throughout its entire length. Valves widest just in front of the posterior ventral angle. Umbones at about the anterior third of the dorsal] margin, Fig. 223 high and incurved, the second growth line nearly horizontal. Posterior dorsal ridge very high, obtusely angular. Posterior area descending abrupt- ly from the ridge and somewhat wing-like. Greatest inflation is along the umbonal ridge. A pronounced furrow extends from the umbo to the lower third of the posterior margin. Seven rest periods distinctly marked by con- 84 BRYANT WALKER centric dark lines. Anteriorly from the middle portion a bold rounded rib occurs just below each rest-period. Dorsal area faintly radiately striate. Color, varying shades of chestnut, lighter (nearly straw color) anteriorly, darker posteriorly, rest stages sharply defined by blackish lines. Umbonal region faintly tinged with green. Periostracum thin, slightly glossy, closely adhering. “Nacre anteriorly lustrous white and thickened; posteriorly thin viola- ceous and brilliantly iridescent. Pallial line not sharply defined and with several concentric striz above it, its anterior portion radiately striated. Anterior adductor and retractor scars separated, deep and rough, posterior scars superficial. Dorsal scars concealed by the incurving of the upper por- tion of the valve. “Tateral tooth of the right valve thin, very high, wing-like, striated longi- tudinally. Laterals of the left valve similar to that of the right valve, but smaller, the groove between them being very narrow. Pseudocardinals of the right valve two, thin, opposite, the upper one being the stronger. Pseu- docardinals of the right (left?) valve coalescing, standing in the same straight line, the anterior one high, slightly curved, the posterior low, its summit irregularly crenulated. The sculpture of each umbo consists of four concentric ridges, highest (almost a nodule) at their posterior ends, and numerous concentric striz.” (Marshall). Type: Cokeria southalli Marshall, fig. 223. Family DREISSENSIIDA‘. Shell mytiliform, equivalve, of prevailing prismatic substance, ligament subinternal; anterior adductor and pedal protectors inserted on a septum in the beak. Byssiferous. Genus CONGERIA Partsch, 1835. Type: Congeria subglobosa Partsch. Typical Congeria is not represented in our fauna. Subgenus MYTILOPSIS Conrad, 1857. Shell mytiliform, attached by a byssus; hinge with a septum, beneath which on the cardinal side is a triangular cup-shap- ed, thin, white process, which projects obliquely towards the cavity of the valves; cartilage groove rather deep. Edge of the mantle united and ex- tended posteriorly in two distinct siphons and open on the base for the extension of the foot. Type: Mytilus leucopheatus Con., fig. 224. SyNopsis FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA 85 Family CYRENIDA. Shell porcellanous, thick, solid, hinge-plate developed, teeth strong, prominent; equivalve; ligament external. Siphons distinctly developed ; dicecious. Genus CYRENA Lamarck, 1818. Shell oval or subtrigonal, thick, solid, cardi- nal teeth, three in each valve; two anterior and two posterior laterals in the right valve and one anterior, and one posterior in the left; pallial line (in the American species, Section Polymesoda Rafinesque, 1820) with a deep, narrow sinus. Type: C. bengalensis Lam. Type: Section Polymesoda, Cyclas carolimiana Bosce., fig. 225. Family SPH RIIDA. Shell small and thin, ligament feeble, short; pallial line simple; no hinge plate; cardinal teeth usually two in each valve; laterals four in the right valve, two anterior and two posterior and two in the left, one anterior and one posterior ; foot long, narrow, grooved, byssiferous when young; monc- cious; the young incubated in a marsupium formed by the inner gill. Key to the genera of Spheride. Shell nearly equilateral; beaks subcentral....................-- Zi, it Sinelll tmeqmmliamenalle Ipealkes weicaimall 54. os4enoncosconsunc. Pisidium. Nepeonic valves not distinctly separated from the subse- Gus Grom Or wae Snell --. So écceuosquceac. sueeu ee SoD 2 2 Nepeonic valves inflated, separated from the adult growth ny a, Chisiemics SUUGHS en osouscsdouoansidee 7odme sam ocH Musculium. Shell oval, cardinal teeth, two in each valve............-- Spherium. “| Shell rhomboidal, one cardinal tooth in each valve.......... Eupera. Genus SPHA‘RIUM Scopoli, 1777. Shell thin, oval, more or less inflated; subequilateral, beaks subcentral; surface smooth or concentrically striate, teeth small, cardinals two in each valve, lateral teeth double in the right, single in the left valve. Siphons united at the base, but double at the extremity. 86 BRYANT WALKER Shell oval, relatively thick, nepeonic-shel! passing into the adult without any distinct dr- marcation; anterior end shorter; surface usually concentrically striate or sulcate; cardinal teeth small but distinct. Type: Tellina cornea L.. Example: S. sulcatum (Lam.), fig. 226. Animal, MS, BAT, aa.—Anterior adductor muscle. ao.—Anterior aorta. arp.—Ant. retractor pedis muscle. as.—Ant. adductor muscle scar. au.—Auricle. b.—Byssal gland rudiment. bls——Blood space. bs.——Branchial siphon. c.—Cloacal chamber. cg.—Cerebral ganglion. cr.—Chitinous rods. cs.—Cloacal siphon. f —Foot. fil—Gill filament. ifj—lInter-filamentar junctions. ig.—Inner gill. io.—Inhalent ostea. 1.—Liver. lp.—tLabial_palpus. m.—Mantle. _oB.—Organ of Bojanus. oe.—(sophagus. og.—Outer gill. ot.—Otocyst. ov.—Ovarian follicle. p.—Pericardial cavity. pa—Posterior adductor muscle. pg.—Pedal ganglion. prp.—Post. retractor pedis muscle. ps.—Post. adductor muscle scar. psg.—Parieto-splanchnic ganglion. r.—Mantle ridge. ro.—Reproductive organs. t—Male follicle. vt—Ventricle. wt.— Water-tube. Synopsis FRESH-WaAtTER MoLLusca 87 Genus MUSCULIUM. Link 1807. Shell thin, suborbicular or oblong, smooth, shining, striz very fine and delicate; beaks alk yculate; cardinal teeth minute, often obsolete. Type: Tellina lacustris Mull. Example: M. jayanum (Pme.), fig. 228. Animal, VM. lig. 228 truncatum (Lins.), fig. 220. Fig. 229 M.—Mouth. KO.—Kidney opening. Lp.—Labial palps. T—Sperm follicles. E's.—Oesophagus. O—Egeg follicles. Lv.—Liver. GD.— Genital opening. Sto.— Stomach. AA—Ant. adductor muscle. Int.—Intestine. PA.—Post. adductor muscle. R.—Rectum. Ft.—Foot. A—Anus. ClCh.—Cloacal chamber. CbG.—Cerebral ganglion. ExS.—Excurrent siphon. PsG.—Parieto-splanchnic ganglion. InS.—Incurrent siphon. PG.—Pedal ganglion. G.— Gill. Sta.—Statocyst. Man.—Mantle. V—Ventricle. Shl.—Shell. Au.—Auricle. Kd.—Kidney. ~ Pl.—Pericardium. Genus EUPERA Bourguignat, 1854. / Shell subrhomboidal. Moderately inflated, thin, with a: the posterior side longer; cardinal teeth feeble, one only, in each valve. Animal as in Spherium. a Type: Pisidumum moquinianum Bet. Fig. 230 Example: E. singleyi (Pils.), fig. 230. 88 BRYANT WALKER Genus PISIDIUM C. Pfeiffer, 1821. Shell small, rounded, oval or obliquely cuneiform; inequilateral, anterior side longer; beaks terminal; cardinal teeth double in each » valve, at times united, situated immediately under the beaks ; . laterals elongated, lamelliform, double in the right, single in the left valve; ligament on the shorter side, internal. Animal with a single siphon, the excurrent orifice being merged with that of the foot. Type: Tellina amnica Mull. Example: P. virginicum (Gmel.), fig. 231. Family CYRENELLIDAS. Shell rounded, inflated, thin, with a conspicuous epidermis; beaks for- ward; cardinal teeth two on the right and one on the left valve; no lateral teeth; pallial line not sinuate. Animal with two contractile siphons, elon- gated and united to their tips. Genus CYRENELLA Deshayes, 1835. Shell as in the family, surface smooth or slightly con- centrically sculptured. Type: Cyrenoidea dupontie Joannis. Example: C. floridana (Dall), fig. 232. Family RANGIIDA£. Shell equivalve, covered with an epidermis, no internal nacre; beaks prominent, separated; hinge with two cardinal and anterior and posterior lateral teeth in each valve and an internal, central cavity for the ligament; pallial line sinuous. Mantle with two short siphons united at their bases and with papillose orifices; foot large, linguiform, compressed. Genus RANGIA Desmoulins, 1832. Shell thick, oval, subtrigonal, ventricose, smooth, epidermis olive, beaks prominent, sep- arated; ligament and resilium both enclosed in a single pit and invisible externally; laterals curved, cross-striated, more or less unequal, the posterior longer, anterior with the prox- imal end vertically hooked ; pallial sinus small. Type: Gnathodon cuneatus Gray, fig. 233. is ae oO oToa “ eo UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY Miscellaneous Publications No. 6 A Synopsis of the Classification of the Fresh- Water Mollusca of North America, North of Mexico, AND A Catalogue of the More Recently Described Species, With Notes BY BRYANT WALKER PART II—CATALOGUE ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 30, 1918 A CATALOGUE OF THE MORE RECENTLY DESCRIBED FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA OF NORTH AMERICA, WITH NOTES Subclass KUTHYNEURA. Order PULMONATA. Suborder BASOMMATOPHORA. Superfamily LIMNOPHILA. Family LYMNAIDA. Genus LYMNA“A Lamarck, 1788. Baker’s elaborate monograph of the Lymneide of North America (No. 6) brings the subject down to 1911. Simpsonia having been used by Rochebrune in 1904 for a group of Naiades, Baker (7, p. 120) has substituted Pseudogalba for his Lymnzeid group. The synonymy will be as follows: Simpsonia Baker, Chi. Acad. Sci., Sp. Pub. 3, 1911, p. 236. Non Rochebrune, 1904. Pseudogalba Baker, Naut. XXVI, 1913, p. 120. For a proposed revision of Baker’s arrangement and key. see Colton (G25 ne io ande22 p. 110) and: replyby, Baker (8) p: 20). For the author’s arrangement, see ante p. 6. -_LYMN@A APICINA Lea. Although Lea’s name solida for this species has page precedence as stated by Hannibal (53, p. 146), and has been preferred by Haldeman, Tryon and Binney, according to Kuster (Con. Cab., Lymnzeus, p. 48) solida Phil. has priority and Lea’s species must be known by the later name. LYMNA‘A AURICULARIA (L.). This species seems to have become thoroughly acclimated and is extend- ing its range in this country very rapidly. In addition to the localities cited by Baker (6, p. 182), it has been listed from Toledo, O., by Goodrch (47, p. 11); Lake Erie, Kingsville, Ont., by Allen (1, p. 60) ; Philadelphia, Pa., by Long (72, p. 27); Colorado Springs, Colo., by Henderson (55, p. 84) ; Charles River, Cambridge, Mass., by Clapp (19, p. 116) and Johnson (59, p. 83) and has more recently been found in the Detroit River at Belle Isle by Dr. H. B. Baker and at Gibralter, Wayne Co., and La Plaisance Bay, Monroe Co., by Goodrich and at Harbor Beach, Huron Co., Mich., by Wal- ter Koelz. 94 Bryant WALKER LYMN.&A coorER! Hannibal. r Lymnea Cooperi Hannibal, Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond., X, 1912, p. 143, pl. Vi, fig. 13a — Cc. : Type locality: Spring at Wright’s, Santa Cruz Mountains, Cal. LYMN2#A MONTANENSIS Baker. Lymnea montanensis Baker, Naut., XXVI, 1913, p. 115. Type locality: Hayes’ Creek, Ward, Montana. Family PLANORBID. Subfamily PLANORBINA®* H. and A: Adams, 1858. Genus PLANORBIS Muller, 1774. Dr. Dall (32, p. 80) has proposed the following arrangemeut of this genus: | Subgenus Planorbis s. s. Type Planorbis corneus Miller. Section Planorbina Haldeman. Type P. olwwaceus Spix. Subgenus Helisoma Swainson. Type P. bicarinatus (Say) Sowerby. Section Pierosoma Dall. Type P. trivolvis Say. Section Planorbella Haldeman. Type P. campanulatus Say. _ Subgenus Tropidiscus Stein. Type P. umbilicatus Miller. Subgenus Hippeutis Agassiz. Type P. fontanus Lightfoot. Section Menetus H. and A. Adams. Type P. opercularis Gould. Subgenus Gyraulus Agassiz. Type P. albus Miiller. Section Torquis Dall. Type P. parvus Say. Section Armiger Hartmann. liye J?, cristo 16, For a criticism of Dall’s arrangement, see Kennard (64, p. 47) and reply by Dall (33, p. 141). Brown and Pilsbry have proposed (15, p. 212) a new section, Trop- icorbis, type P. liebmanni Dkr., but without any definition. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DESCRIBED MoLLUSsCcA 95 PLANORBIS ALABAMENSIS Pilsbry. Planorbis alabamensis Pilsbry, Naut., VIII, 1895, p. 114. ‘Type locality: Woodville, Ala. Dall (32, p. 92) considers this a local race of dilatatus Gld., but it seems sufficiently distinct. PLANORBIS ALABAMENSIS AVUS Pilsbry. Planorbis alahamensis avus Pilsbry, Naut., X1X. 1905, p. 34. Type localitv: Caloosahatchee Pliocene, Fla. Also from the marl at Lake Panasoffkee, Fla. PLANORDIS ANTROSUS Conrad. Vanatta has shown (138, p. 138) that as the earliest available name this must take precedence over the familiar P. bicarinatus Say, non La- marck, 1804. Conrad’s type has disappeared and until topotypes can be obtained, the uncertainty as to whether Conrad’s species is typical bicarinatus Say or equivalent to var. angistomus Hald. prevents the proper re-arrangement of ‘the forms. According to Vanatta (1. c.) P. bicarinatus major and bicarinatus minor ©. Beck (Index. Moll., 1837, p. 118) are synonyms of the typical form. Planorbis biangulatus Say., Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1877, Sp. 25, pl. IV, Le. 25, said to be from Brazil is apparently this species. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS ANCISTOMUS Haldeman. Flanorbis bicarinatus angistomus Haldeman, Mon., 1844, p. 7; Walker, Naut, 1909, XXIII, p. 4, pl. II, fig. 4-5. Type locality not given. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS AROOSTOOKENSIS Pilsbry. Planorbis bicarinatus aroostookensis Pilsbry, Naut., VIII, 1895, p. 115; Waller, INaibtey, IOYeO), MOINES jo, 7/5 oll: ILS saver ail (rent Type locality: Salmon Brook, Woodland, Aroostook Co., Me. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS CORRUGATUS Currier. Planorbis bicarinatus corrugatus Currier MSS, DeCamp, Kent Sci. Inst. Mise. Pub., 1868. p. 8; Walker, Naut., XXIII, 1909, p. 5, pl. I, fig. 10. Type locality: Perch Take, Kent Co., Mich. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS PERCARINATUS Walker. Planerbis bicarinatus major Walker, Naut., VI, 1893, p. 136. Planorbis bicarinatus percarinatus Walker, Naut., XXIII, 1909, p. 6, pl. I, mee 12, Type locality: Crystal Lake, Benzie Co., Mich. 96 BryANt WALKER PLANORBIS ANTROSUS PORTAGENSIS Baker. Planorbis bicarinatus portagensis Baker, Naut., XXII, 1908, p. 45; Walker, Naut;, 1900, SOM p76) pl itriies o} Type locality: Portage Lake, Aroostook Co., Me. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS ROYALENSIS Walker. Planorbis bicarinatus royalensis Walker, Naut., XXIII, 1909, p. 9, pl. I, GSR, TRIE Type locality: Siskowit Lake, Isle Royale, Mich. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS STRIATUS Baker. Planorbis bicarinatus striatus Baker, Naut., XV, 1902, p. 120; Tr. Acad. Sok Si, Louis, woos), MW, 1 Gy jplle IL, sre, a Type locality: Coldspring Park, Milwaukee, Wis. Also recent. See Walker 151a, p. 7. PLANORBIS ANTROSUS UNICARINATUS Haldeman. Planorbis bicarinatus unicarinatus Haldeman, Mon., 1844, p. 7; Walker, Naut., XXIII, 1909, p. 3, pl. I, fig. 6-8. Type locality: Schuylkill River, Pa. PLANORBIS ARcTICUS Moller. Planorbis arcticus Moller, Index Moll. Gronl., 1842, p. 5; Morch, Am. J. Ou Com, WIS, IW, Ds 32, lle A, ime, ©. Type locality: Kudsuk, Greenland. Also Fort Chimo, Ungava, Labrador. - PLANORBIS ARIZONENSIS Pilsbry and Ferriss. Planorbis filocinctus Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1906, p. 165, pl. - IX, figs. 1-3, not of Sandberger. Planorbis arizonensis Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1915, p. 390. Type locality: San Pedro River, Benson, Ariz. PLANORBIS BILLINGS! Lea. Planorbis ‘billimgsimwea,, Pr vA. Nis: ke) 1804.) ps lit; out (An Neg ome MAO. WIG ok U5, ls Age, lee 7 (Oos., wslol, 2, DL Wi Dl, 2, ie, 72. Type locality: Ottawa River, Canada. See parvus. PLANORBIS CALLIOCLYPTUS Vanatta. Planorbis callioglyptus Vanatta, Naut., IX, 1895, p. 54. ‘Type locality: Freeport, Wash. Is opercularis planulatus Cooper according to Dall (32, p. 92). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrEscriBED MoLlusca 97 PLANORBIS CAMPANULATUS MINOR Dunker. Planorbis campanulatus minor Dunker, Con. Cab., 1850, Limnezeiden, p. 52, ‘fol @), SME AO. Type-locality not given. PLANORBIS CAMPANULATUS RUDENTIS Dall. Planorbis campanulatus rudentis Dall, Rep. Harriman Exp., 1905, XIII, p- 90.. Type locality: Knee Lake, Keewatin, Canada. The citations of P. multivoluis from Newfoundland by Farrar (37, p. 36), and from Michigan by Walker, prior to 1907, refer to this form and not to Case’s species. PLANORBIS CAMPANULATUS SMITHII Baker. Planorbis campanulatus smithii Baker, Naut., XXV, 1912, v. 118. Type locality: Douglas Lake, Cheboygan Co., Mich. PLANORBIS CARIB US d’Orbigny. This name has priority for the species commonly known as tumidus Pfr. PLANOoRBIS CARUS Pilsbry and Ferriss. Planorbis carus Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1906, p. 164, pl: IX, figs. 4-5. Type locality: Canyon of the Pecos River, above High Bridge, Val Verde Co., Texas. PLANORBIS CENTERVILLENSIS T'ryon. Planorbis centercilensis Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 210, pl. 7, fig. 7-9. Type locality: Centerville, Cal. Is a form of opercularis according to Dall (32, p. 92). PLANORBIS CIRCUMSTRIATUS Tryon. Planorbis circumstriatus Tryon, Am. J. of Con., II, 1866, p. 113, pl. ro, figs. 6-8. Type locality: Weatogue, Conn. As identified by Sterki, this species is certainly distinct from P. parvus Say. It ranges from Connecticut to Colorado. PLANORBIS COARCTATUS Sowerby. Planorbis coarctatus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 21, pl. 3, fig. 21 a-b. Type locality :? This is apparently an immature campanulatus. 98 BryANtT WALKER PLANORBIS CoMMUTATUS “Dunker” Sowerby. Planorbis commutatus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 63, pl. 8, fig. 63. Type locality: North America. PLANORBIS CORPULENTUS Say. Is a valid species. See Walker 144, p. 133. The citation of this species from Florida or South Carolina by Melvill (74, p. 167) is no doubt erroneous. Sowerby’s figures of this species in the Conchologia Iconica are binneyi ‘Tryon. PLANORBIS CRISTA L, Planorbis nautileus, Walker, Naut., 1897, X, p. 117; Hanham, Naut., 1897, XG 1308 “Lasvloc, Naot, WSO7, XX, D. 180. Planorbis costatus DeTarr and Beecher, Leaflet, Albany, 1878; Baker, Nate) 1O00% SGX 7 5120) Range: Maine, west to Alberta and Illinois. PLANORBIS CULTRATUS Orbigny. Planorbis cultratus Orbigny, Hist. Cuba Moll., 1853, (Fr. ed.) I, p. 196, pl. 14, figs. 5-8; Pilsbry, Naut., 18809, III, p. 63, pl. I, fig. 1-3. Type locality: Cuba? Listed from Miami, Fla., by Rhoads (113, p. 48) and by Pilsbry from Hidalgo, Tex. (88, p. 63) and by Pilsbry and Ferriss from Devil’s River. Wall Wendle Co. UG, (iGO, jd: WOS)). PLANORBIS DECLIVIS Sowerby. Planorbis declivis Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 28, pl. a, fig. 20. Type locality: ? Von Martens (73, p. 397) thinks that this is probably a form of trivol- vis. ‘The name is pre-occupied by Tate (1870), for a species from Nica- ragua. PLANORBIS DEFLECTUS Say. Planorbis deflerus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 88, pl. XI, fig. 88. Dall (32, p. 94) considers this doubtfully distinct from Mirsutus and apparently identical with the European form known as draparnaudi or _ draparnaldi Shepp. PLANORBIS DILATATUS Gould. Includes buchanensis Lea according to Tryon (132, p. 209) ; virens and elevatus according to Vanatta (136, p. 55); and lens, alabamensis and buchanensis according to Dall (32, p. 92). CaTALOcuE RECENTLY DrEscrisED Moiiusca 99 PLANORBIS DILATATUS PENNSYLVANICUS Pilsbry. Planorbis dilataius pennsylvanicus Pilsbry, Naut., XXX, 1916, p. 96. Type locality: Glenolden, Delaware Co., Pa. PLANORBIS DURYI Wetherby. Planorbis duryi Wetherby, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1879, p. 7, fig. 4. Type locality: Everglades, Fla. Types No. 9712 Coll. Walker. PLANORBIS DURYI INTERCALARIS Pilsbry. Planorbis duryi intercalaris Pilsbry, Amer. Nat., 1887, X XI, p. 287. Planorbis intercalaris Rhoads, Naut., 1899, XIII, p. 47. Type locality: Florida. PLANORBIS EUCOSMIUS Bartsch. Planorbis eucosmius Bartsch, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1908, XX XIII, p. 699, pl. 57, figs. 1-3. Type locality: Greenfield Pond, Wilmington, N. C. PLANORBIS FUCOSMIUS VAUGHANI Bartsch. Planorbis eucosmius vaugham Bartsch, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX XIII, 1908, p. 699, pl. 57, figs. 4-6. Type locality ; Burkes Place, La. PLANORBIS EXACUOUS Say. Commonly known as exacutus Say, but Dall (32, p. 91) restores the name as originally used by Say. Henderson and Daniels (56, p. 56), after careful consideration, have done likewise. It includes buchanensis Lea ac- cording to Vanatta (fide Simpson) (136, p. 54). PLANORBIS EXACUOUS MEGAS Dall. Planorbis exacuous megas Dall, Rep. Harriman Exp., XIII, 1905, p. 9f. Type locality: Birtle, Manitoba. PLANORBIS GLABRATUS Say. Haldeman’s and Binney’s figures do not represent this species, which is entirely distinct from trivolvis. It is not uncommon in Florida and in the United States does not range outside of that state, (Pilsbry, 91, p. 321). Dall (32, p. 86) includes Jentus, which was described from New Orleans, but this does not accord with Fischer and Crosse’s (38, p. 65) identification cf Say’s type. The true glabratus belongs to section Planorbina and not to Pierosoma. 100 BRYANT WALKER PLANORBIS GRACILENTUS Gould. Tryon (132, p. 192) and Fischer and Crosse (38, p. 72) consider this distinct from licbmanni, to which it is referred by Binney. PLANORBIS HAVANENSIS Pfeiffer. Listed from New Orleans, La., as a Segmentina by Pilsbry (85, p. 20) and Hinkley (58, p. 36). PLANORBIS HiRSUTUS Gould. Is considered distinct from albus Mull. by Vanatta (136, p. 55). Dall (32, p. 94) refers it to the so-called albus Mull., but in view of the uncer- tainty as to the proper name to be used for that species, retains Gould’s name. Kennard (64, p. 49) considers the American and Kuropean species as distinct. PLANORBIS HIRSUTUS BOREALIS Westerlund. Planorbis borealis Westerlund, Mal. Bl., XXII, 1875, p. 77. Type locality: Port Clarence, Alaska; Northern Sweden. Stated by Dall (32, p. 94) to be “‘merely a somewhat delicately sculp- tured mutation.” ; PLANORBIS HORNI ‘Tryon. Planorbis horni Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 231, pl. 22, fig. 16: Type locality: Fort Simpson, British America. Listed as a var. of trivoluis by Pilsbry (95, p. 65). Dall (32, p. 80) states that there is a doubt as to whether the types came from Fort Simp- son on the Mackenzie River, or Fort Simpson, British Columbia, but that the figure looks more like the Pacific variety (subcrenatus), which he re- fers to trivolvts. PLANORBIS INTERTEXTUS Sowerby. Planorbis intertextus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 123, pl. gl, iH. UAZeI=|0), Type locality: Florida. Through the courtesy of Mr. E. A. Smith of the British Museum I have been able to examine one of the cotypes of this species. Both the description and the figure given by Sowerby are quite erroneous and very misleading. It has no resemblance whatever to antrosus, but is undoubt- edly a young shell of one of the many southern mutations of trivolvis. PLANORBIS JENKSII Carpenter. Planorbis jenksu Carpenter, Central Falls (R. I.) Visitor, Mare 2, 1871; (Coins 1p, IL, WS Ds 2, Type locality: Pawtucket, R. I. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrEscrIBED Morusca IOI PLANORBIS LENTUS Say. Fischer and Crosse (38, p. 65) restrict this species to the New Orleans ferm described by Say and do not consider that the figures given by Gould, Haldeman, Dunker and others represent the species. Dall (32, p. 86) refers it to glabratus. : PLANORBIS LIEBMANNI Dunker. Is referred to orbiculus by Fischer and Crosse (38, p. 71), but is stated by Pilsbry (91, p. 322) to be distinct. It is the type of section Tropicor- bis Brown and Pilsbry. PLANORBIS MAGNIFICUS Pilsbry. Planorbis magnificus Pilsbry, Naut.; 1903, XVII, p. 75; Bartsch, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX XIII, 1908, p. 697, pl. 57, figs. 7-9. Type locality: Cape Fear River, Wilmington, N. C. PANORBIS MULTIVOLVIS Case. Is a valid species and has been rediscovered at Howe Lake, Marquette Co., Mich. See Walker, 149, p. 61. Earlier citations of this species from Michigan, except the original one, and Newfoundland refer to P. cam- panulatus rudentis. PLANORBIS NATHORSTI Westerlund. Planorbis nathorsti Westerlund, Vega Exp., IV, 1887, p. 168. Type locality: Aulatsivik, West Greenland. PLANORBIS OCCIDENTALIS Cooper. — Planorbis occidentalis Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci., IV, 1870, p. 99: Type locality: Not given. Range: Washington Terr. to San José, Cal. See trivolvis. Is the mature form of tuwmens according to Cooper (26, Doo): PLANORBIS OPERCULARIS Gould. Planorbis lenticularis Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 110, pl. 13, igaeh KO: Includes planulatus Cooper, centervillensis Tryon and multilineatus Van. (oregonensis Van.) as varieties according to Dall (32, p. 92), with callio- glyptus Van. as a synonym of planulatus. PLANORBIS OPERCULARIS MULTILINEATUS Vanatta. Planorbis opercularis oregonensis Vanatta, Naut., IX, 1895, p. 54; non Tryon, 1865. ; Planorbis opercularis multilineatus Vanatta, Naut., XIII, 1899, p. 48. Type locality: Salem and Portland, Oregon. 102 BRYANT WALKER PLANORBIS ORBICULUS Morelet. Planorbis orbiculus Morelet, Test. Noviss., 1849, I, p. 17. Includes haldemani Dunker (1850) non haldemam C. B. Adams (1849). Fischer and Crosse also include liebmanni, but Pilsbry (1. c.) considers it to be distinct. PLANORBIS OREGONENSIS Tryon. Planorbis oregonensis Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 231, pl. 22, fig. 17. Type locality: Pueblo Valley, Oregon. See trivolvis. PLANORBIS PARVUS Say. Includes billingsti Lea according to Vanatta (136, p. 54) and Dall (32, p. 95) and circumstriatus ‘Tryon according to Vanatta (1. c.). PLANORBIS PARVUS WALKERI Wraivattas Planorbis parvus walkert Vanatta, Naut., XVI, 1902, p. 58. Type locality: Hartland, Vt. Also Michigan. PLANORBIS PERFORATUS “Could?” Sowerby. Planorbis perforatus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis, 1876, Sp. 105, pl. 12, 1 WOR. Type locality: United States. Gould never described a Planorbis under this name. Clessin (20, p. 227) suggests that the species is perhaps from Fast Asia. PLANORBIS PLANULATUS Cooper. Is doubtfully referred to P. opercularis Gld. as a variety by Cooper (25, [D> WCO)). PLANORBIS PLEXATA Ingersoll. Planortis plevata Ingersoll, U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr., 1874, p. 402, text-fig. Type locality: St. Mary’s Lake, Antelope Co., Col. ' Is a var. of trwolvis according to Stearns (121, p. 105) and Cooper (AG, ds SS))s PLANORBIS RUBELLUS Sterkt. Planorbis harm Pilsbry, Naut., IV, 1801, p. 137, sine desc. Planorbis exacutus rubellus Sterki, 1, and F. W. Moll., New Phila., 1894, Dp: 7: Planorbis rubellus, Pilsbry, Naut., XIII, 1899, p. 51. Type locality: Stone Creek Valley, Odbert’s Station, O. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DEscRigED MoLLusca 103 PLANORBIS SAMPSONI Ancey. Planerbis sampsoni Ancey in Sampson, Bull. Sedalia N. H. Soc., No. 1, 1885, p. 10, text-fig. Type locality: Flat Creek, Sedalia, Mo. PLANORBIS SCALARIS (Jay). Paludina scalaris Jay, Cat., 3rd ed., 1839, p. 112, pl. 1, figs. 8-9. Physa scalaris Haldeman, Mon., 1842, p. 34, pl. IV, fig. 9; W. G. Binney, IL, amc 18, WS Simeilils, JPic UL, SOS). 7D, @O, see Woz, Ameria scalaris Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 168; Dall, Ann._N. Y. Lyc. N. H., IDS, USO, Ds BEOS INerbte, IUAL, wKSiSo), jos es Planorbis scalaris Pilsbry, Con. Ex., I], 1888, p. 113. Physa (IThomsonia) carinifera Ancey, Le Nat., 1886, p. 358. Type locality: Everglades of Florida. Pilsbry (86, p. 287) states that this species is a Planorbis. PLANORBIS SINUOSUS Bonnet. Planorbis sinuosus Bonnet, Rev. & Mag. Zool., 1864, p. 280, pl. XXII, fig. 3. Type locality: New Mexico. lcpnererhed to glaunaus Say. bye Layom)(120,.p) 183). | Hischer and Crosse (38, p. 67) question this approximation, but as their opinion is based on Binney’s figure (11, fig. 179), which does not represent Say’s species, it is not of much value. However as glabratus is not known to occur outside of Florida, Tryon’s suggestion is wrong anyway. Dr. Pilsbry informs me that it is P. twmidus Pfr. PLANORBIS SUBCRENATUS DISJECTUS Cooper. Planorbis subcrenatus disjectus Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2) III, 1890, Da Osea plasis TiesO: Type locality: Tuolumne Meadows, Cal. PLANORBIS TENUIS Phil. Iisted from the drift of the Santa Cruz River, Tucson, Ariz., by Pilsbry and Ferriss (109, p. 400). PLANORBIS TRASKII Lea. Planorbis trasku Lea, Jour. A. N.S. P., VI, 1866, p. 157, pl. XXIII, fig. 70; Obs, XI, 1866, p. 112, pl. XXIII, fig. 7o. Type locality: Kern Lake, Cal. Dall (32, p. 88) considers this specifically distinct from P. ammon. 104 Bryant WALKER PLANORBIS TRIVOLVIS Say. Includes subcrenatus Cpr., with oregonensis ‘Tryon, occidentalis Cooper, and tuwmens Cooper, non Cpr., as synonyms and probably hornii Tryon ac- cording to Dall (32, p. 89). .Pilsbry also (95, p. 65) lists hornii as a variety. PLANORBIS TRIVOLVUS BINNEYI Tryon. Planorbis corpulentus Gould, U. S. Expl. Exp., 1852, p. 114, fig. 130; Hial- deman, Mon., 1844, p. 19, pl. III, figs.7-9; W. G. Binney, L. & F. W. Shells, pt. II, 1865, p. 114, figs. 191-2; Sowerby, Con. Icon., 1877, Sp. ly, Joll Me inter, Ae jolly 2k, MS, All), Planorbis binneyt Tryon, Am. J. of Con., III, 1867, p. 197. Type locality: West Coast. PLANORBIS UMBILICATELLUS Cockerell. Planorbis winbilicatus Taylor, J. of Con., 1V, 1885, p. 351, text-fig. non Miller (1774). : Planorbis umbilicateilus Cockerell, Comm, IBS, eos, JUL, jo. CS: Type locality: Brandon and Birtle, Meanitonce Ramses from New Sack to South Dakota. See also Vanatta (137, p. 117). PLANORBIS VERMICULARIS Gould. Is referred to parvus by Vanatta (136, p. 55), but is considered: dis- tinct by Dall (32, p. 95). Genus SEGMENTINA Fleming, 1817. Subgenus PLANORBULA Haldeman, 1842. SEGMENTINA ARMIGERA (Say). Dr. Pilsbry informs me that he has seen the type of Planorbis lautus H. Ads. and that it is a young specimen of this species. SEGMENTINA ARMIGERA CAMPESTRIS Dawson. Segmentina armigera campestris Dawson, Rep. Brit. N. A. Boundary Com., 1875, P- 349. Type locality: Red River Valley, Canada. SECMENTINA cCHRISTYI Dall. Segmentina christyi Dall, Rep. Harriman Exp. XIII, 1905, p. 99, pl. 11, figs. IO-IT. Type locality: High Bluff, Manitoba; Fort Smith, Mackenzie River. Re- ported from South Dakota by Walker (151, p. 11). SECMENTINA CRASSILABRIS Walker. Segmentina crassilabris Walker, Naut., XX, 1907, p. 122, pl. 7, figs. 4-6. Type locality: Hamtramck, Wayne Co., Mich. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DESCRIBED MOLI,USCA 105 SEGMENTINA DECLIVIS (Tate). Planorbis declivis Tate, Am. J. of Con., V, 1860, p. 159. Type locality: San Augustin, Acoyapa, Nicaragua. Cited by Dall (32, p. 98) from Umpqua River, Oregon. Hannibal (53, p. 158) states that it has not been found by any of the local collectors in that region and questions the authenticity of the locality of Dall’s specimens. SECMENTINA oBsTRUCTA (Morelet). Planorbis obstructus Morelet, Test. Noviss. I, 1840, p. 17. Planorbis berendti Tryon, Am. J. of Con., II, 1866, p. 10, pl. 2, figs. 14-16. Type locality: Carmen Island, Yucatan. “Occurs abundantly in Texas as far north as Austin.” (Puilsbry 91, p. 322. See also Pilsbry and Ferris, 106, p. 166.) In the absence of a figure of this species in any American publication, I have quoted that of berendtr Tryon from Mexico, which is considered a synonym by Fischer and Crosse (38, p. 78) and von Martens (73, p. 398). SEGMENTINA WHEATLEYI (Lea). Planorbis wheatleyi Lea, Jour. A. N. S. P. VI, 1866, p. 158, pl. 23, fig. 71; Obs, Ml, USGO, jos ns, iol, 23, ames Al. Segmentina wheatleyi Walker, Naut. XX, 1907, p. 123, pl. VI, figs. 7-9. Dall (32, p. 97) has proposed a new section, Haldemanina, for this species, based on the “complex, dentiform and ridgelike” lamelle, but these differ from those of the other species (armigera and crassilabris) only in degree. See Pilsbry and Ferriss (106, p. 166) and Walker (1. c.). Subfamily POMPHOLIGINA® Dall, 1866. “Genus POMPHOLYX Lea, 1856. POMPHOLYX LEANA H. and A. Adams. Pompholyx leana H. and A. Adams, Pr. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 434. Type locality: West Columbia. PoMPHOLYX SOLIDA Dall. Pompholyx var. solida Dall, Ann. N. Y. Lyc. Nat. Hist., [X, 1870, p. 335, pls Ely tie.: 7a.. Type locality: West Columbia. Dall states that his species is clearly not effusa Lea, but that in the ab- sence of typical specimens of P. leana H. and A. Adams described from West Columbia, it still remains doubtful whether it belongs to the latter species. 106 BryANt WALKER Genus CARINIFEX W. G. Binney, 1863. Megastropha Lea, 1866 CARINIFEX NEWBERRYI MINOR Cooper. Carnifex newberryi var. ? minor Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci., IV, 1870, p. 98. Type locality not stated. CARINIFEX PONSONBYI FE. A. Smith. Carinifex ponsonbyi E. A. Smith, P. Z. 5. Lond., 1875, p. 536, text-fig. Planerbis ponsonbyi Sowerby, Con. Icon., Planorbis 1876, Sp. 80, pl. X, figs. 80a-b. Type locality: California. Call (16, p. 149) states that the figure in the P. Z. S. is interchanged with that of Diala leithii described at the same time. analy JEU YCSIIDIAE:, Genus PHYSA Draparnaud. Dall (32, p. 100) has proposed the following arrangement: Section PHYSA S. s. Type P. fontinahs L. Section COsTATELLA Dall. 7 ype P. costata Newcomb. For an excellent revision of the Eastern American species, see Crandall, INO. 27. Von Martens (73, p. 368) has proposed the subgenus Alampetis for the North American and Mexican species with a dull, not glossy, surface and (often) thickened lip. He gives no type, but mentions P. ancillaria as an example. PHYSA ALBOFILATA Ancey. Physa albofileta Ancey, in Sampson, Rep. Geol. Surv. Ark., II, 1891, p. 194. Type locality: West Leatherwood Creek, Fureka Springs, Carroll Co., Ark. See gyrina. PHYSA ALTONENSIS Lea. € Physa altowensis, Wea, er AN aor PAS vSO4eipa tie Ollie Aes \e So eeleeee ae T2866, p. 164, pl. 24, fig. 82; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 120, pl. 24, fig. 82. Type locality: Alton, Ills. Is elliptica according to Tryon (132, p. 163) and an abnormal qyrine according to Crandall (27, p. 71). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DEscRIBED MoLLuscAa 107 PHYSA AMPULILACEA Gould. Includes P. lordi Bd., propinqua Try. and coniformis ‘Try. as varieties according to Cooper (25, p. 98). According to Henderson and Daniels (56, p. 52) it is possible that I.ea’s P. nuttallii may be this species. If so it would have priority. PHYSA AMPULLACEA COLUMBIANA Hemphill. Physa ampullacea columbiana Hemphill, Naut., 1V, 1890, p. 27. Type locality: Columbia River, Astoria, Oregon. - PHtySA AMYGDALUS Sowerby. Physa amygdalus Sowerby, Con. Icon., Physa, 1873, Sp. 65, pl. 8, fig. 6s. Type locality: Texas. PHYSA ANATINA [,ea. Physa anata Weak A IN] Sate mSo4s p. 1055 jour A. NES) Pe Vi, 1866, De L7leeply 2A, te. Onts©lhs. Ol iSO, p= L277, pl 24 fie. Of. Type locality: Northern tributary of the Arkansas River, Kans. PHIYSA ANCILLARIA Say. According to von Martens (73, p. 374) Physa subarata Mke. belongs to this species and not to P. heterostropha Say as supposed by Binney and is represented by fig. 1, pl. II] of Haldeman’s Monograph. PHYSA ANCILLARIA CRASSA Walker. Physa ancillaria crassa Walker, Naut., XIV, 1901, p. 98. Type locality: Higgins Lake, Roscommon Co., Mich. Types No. 1471 Coll. Walker. PHYSA ANCILLARIA MAGNALACUSTRIS ‘Walker. Physa ancilleria magnalecustris Walker, Naut., XIV, 1901, p. 97. Type locality: Frankfort, Benzie Co., Mich. Types No. 9214 Coll. Walker. PHYSA APLECTOIDES Sterki. Physe aplectoides Sterki, Pr. O. St. Acad. Sci., 1V, 1907, p. 381. Type locality: Portage and Tuscawaras Co’s., O. Also Isle Royale and Schoolcraft County, Michigan. 108 BRYANT WALKER PirysA AUREFA Lea. Is a synonym of elliptica and not of leterostropha according to Tryon (132, p. 163) and Crandall (27, p. 55). PHYSA BILLINGSIZ Heron. Physa billings Heron, Tr. Ott. F. Nat. Club, I, 1880, p. 62, pl. 2, fig. 5 Type locality: Billings’ Bridge, Ottawa, Ont. Is a var. of integra according to Crandall (27, p. 15). PHYSA BINNEYANA Ancey. Physa diaphana Tryon, Am. J. of Con. I, 1865, p. 224, pl. 23, fig. 11, non Krauss (1848). | Physa binneyana Ancey, Le Nat., 1886, p. 358. Type locality: Oakland, Cal. PHysa BLANDI Lea. Physa bland: Wea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 110; Jour A. No 3. Ps, Vil neae Dp. 168, pl. 24, tig. 88; '©bs), XI, 1866, p. 1245 ple 245 figs Soa Type locality: California. Includes distinguenda Try. and “?” is the same as grosvernori Lea and nuttalli Lea according to Cooper (25, p- 97). Both of the latter names have priority. 66999 PHYSA BREVISPIRA Lea. INS lorewusynine ILeey. Iie, NY ING Se 12 SOS jo, WiOS othe, AO IN. S, 1, \'l. SOO, 1s 7B, De Adi, ive, OSs Olos.. ML WIGS), jo, 14), OI, 2A, ines, OS. Type locality: Ottawa River, Ont. % PHYSA CARLTONII Lea. JE Ihave, (Colpimonine Vea. Jie, Xe ING Sp less MOO) 0. 025)5 Our, AG IN: S. JP, WEL. SAL 0 OR, Bile Ai, wis, Woys Oleg, MULL Syl, wD, (O77, fol, Ai, mss TO. Type locality: Mount Diablo, Cal. PHyYSA CONIFORMIS Tryon. Physa coniformis Tryon, Am. J. of Con., II, 1866, p. 6, pl. II, fig. 5 Type locality: Humboldt River, Oregon. PHysA COOPERI Tryon. Physa coopert \ryon, Am. J. of Con., 1, 1865; p. 224, pl. 23, fig ag: Type locality: Crane Lake Valley, Cal. Is a variety of P. triticea Lea according to Cooper (25, p. 97). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DescriBep Morzusca 109 PHYSA CRANDALLI Baker. Physa rhomboidea Crandall, Naut., XV, 1901, p. 44, pl. II, figs. 6-7, non Meek and Hayden (1856). Physa crandalli Baker, Tr. Acad. St. Louis, XVI, 1906, p. 8. Type locality: Cedar and Muddy Creeks, Sedalia, Mo. Also Dardenelles and Sulphur Springs, Ark., and Tees Vegas Navi Types No. 40775 Coll. Walker. According to Springer (120, p. 513) is a synonym of P. humerosa. PHYSA CROCATA Lea. Physa crocata ea, Pr. A. N. 5. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour. A. N.S. P., VI, 1866, . p. 169, pl. 24, fig. go; Obs., XT, 1866, p. 125, pl. 24, fig. go. Type locality: Lafayette, Walker Co., Ga. Is closely allied to microstoma Hald. according to Crandall (27, p. 70). PHYSA CUPREONITENS Cockerell. Physa cupreonitens Cockerell, J. of Con., VI, 1889, p. 63. Type locality: Hot Spring, Wellsville, Colo. Though described as a distinct species, in the text it is called a sub- species of heterostropha. PHYSA CUBENSIS Pfeiffer. Physa cubensis Pfeiffer, Wiegm. Archiv., I, 1830, Pp- 354. Physa heterostropha peninsule Pilsbry, Naut., XIII, 1890, p. 48; ibid, XIIT, 1899, p. 70. Type locality: Cuba. Also Miami and elsewhere in Florida. See Rhoads (ge 1s AS) PHYSA DEFORMIS Currier. ) Physa deformis Currier, Am. J. of Con., III, 1867, p. 112, pl. 6, fig. 1. Type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich. Is elliptica Lea according to Crandall (27, p. 54). PHYSA DISTINGUENDA ‘Tryon. Physa distinguenda Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 225, pl. 23, us 6. Type locality: Marysville and Stockton, Cal. PHYSA DORBIGNYANA Lea. Physa striata Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P. 1864, p. 115, non d’Orbigny (1853), nec Menke (1820). Physa dorbignyana Lea, Jour. A. N. S. P., VI, 1866, p. 166, pl. 24, fig. 85; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 123, pl. 24, fig. 86. Type locality: Monterey, Cal. Is a synonym of P. virgata Gld. according to Pilsbry and Ferriss (108, p. 198). 1IO BRYANT WALKER PHYSA ELLIPTICA Lea. Is a valid species according to Crandall (27, p. 54) and includes troos- tiana Lea and minor Crandall as varieties and aurea, febigert and nicklini Lea and deformis Currier as synonyms. Baker's figures (4, pl. 34, 10, She copied by Blatchley and Daniels (14, pl. 1, fig. 118) do not represent the true elliptica. PHYSA ELLIPTICA MINOR Crandall. Physa elliptica minor Crandall, Naut., XV, 1901, p. 55. Type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich. Types No. 14469 Coll. Walker. PHYSA FEBIGERI Lea. Physa febigeri Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour. A. N. 5. P., VI, 1866, p. 174, pl. 24, fig. 99; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 130, pl. 24, fig. 99. ‘T'ype locality: Logan Co., O. Is elliptica according to Tryon (132, p. 163) and Crandall (27, p. Be Me PHYSA FORSHEYI Lea. Physa forshey: Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour. A. N. 5. PS VE 1860, p. 172, pl. 24, fe. 955 Obs. NI 1860). 28) ply 24 es. Ore Type locality: Rutersville, Texas. Includes whitei Lea according to Crandall (27, p. 67). Puysa FRAGILIS Mighels. Is a pathologic form of ancillaria according to Morse (75, p. 43). PHYSA GROSVERNORI Lea. Physa grosvernori Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., SOM, Ds Wiehe jolie; AX, ING S. PW 1866, p.'175,aple 24, ue, 100; Obs:, XG 1860) p13 0) pl 24) ieeamow: According to Cooper (25, p. 97) includes P. traskw Lea, occidentalis Try., dorbignyana Lea and sparsestriata Try. as varieties. Type locality: Santa Rita Valley. Is a var. of forsheyi according to Crandall (27, p. 69). PHYSA GYRINA Say. Includes cylindrica Newc., altonensis, hawnuw and smithsoniana Lea as synonyms and albofilata Ancey, hildrethiana Lea and oleacea Tryon as vari- eties according to Crandall (27, p. 45). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrEscrIBED MoLLusca III PirysA HALEI Lea. ysamvaled Wea. tern, NaS: Ps. To04, py bL4y jours A. Noo. PR. V1, 1866 Peekose plat tieeoar Ops, OG T8660. ps i2ts pl 24 fies 8 Type locality: Alexandria, La. PHYSA HAWNII Lea. IA SOM nimbcamizia Noe TOO4 ps TLS +) (Our A. Nes. i. Vil 1866; Pe LOS plz tatiso4 Ohse Gr 1860) 7p. 121, ply 24, tis. 84. Type locality: Verdigris River, Kans. Is gyrina according to Tryon (132, p. 162) and Crandall (27, p. 54). PHYSA HETEROSTROPHA Say. Includes Jata and primeana Tryon according to: Crandall (27, p. 29). PHYSA HETEROSTROPHA ALBA Crandall. Physa heterostropha alba Crandall, Naut., XV, 1901, p. 29. Type locality: Cedar Lake, Capachet, N. Y. Types No. 40747 Coll. Walker. PuysA HUMEROSA Gould. Includes rhomboidea Crandall (crandalli Baker), according to Springer (S20 5 3) PHysa INTEGRA Haldeman. Includes billings as a var. according to Crandall (27, p. 56). Puysa LATA Tryon. soy GoimlunyOnse wine | Or Com. le ISO5s) p4227, pls23 tie. 7. ~ Type locality: Juniata River, Hallidaysburg, Pa. See heterostropha. PuysA Lorpi Baird. Physa parkeri Currier, Kent Sci. Inst., Misc. Pub., 1868, p. 7 (no desc.) ; DeCamp, Kent Sci. Inst., Misc. Pub., No.5, 1881, p. 15, pl. 1, fig. 3. Type locality (parkeri): Houghton Lake, Mich. Types (parkeri) No. 11997 Coll. Walker. Elenderson and Daniels (56, p. 75) suggest that the Michigan and Can- adian forms differ markedly from the typical western form. PHYSA MALLEATA Tryon. Physa malleata Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 225, ple2aeioe war Type locality: Hell Gate River, Oregon. I12 BRYANT WALKER PHYSA MARGARITA I,esson. Physa margarita Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1840, p. 3 50. Type locality: Newfoundland. PHYSA MEXICANA CONOIDEA Fischer and Crosse. Physa mexicana conoidea Fischer and Crosse, Moll. Mex., II, 1886, p. 101, "pl. 39, figs. 8-8a. Type locality: Mehedin, Mexico. Also McLennan Co., Texas, see Strecker, 126, p. 64. PHYSA NIAGARENSIS Lea. Physa niagarensis Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour, AYN. SSPeavse 1866, p. 168, pl. 24, fig. 97; Obs., OL, USICO, O, w24), oll Bal, ines 97. Type locality: Niagara River, N. Y. Is referred to integra by Tryon, (132, p. 167), but Crandall (27, p. 55) considers it distinct. PHYSA NICKLINII Lea. Physa nicklimn Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour. A. N.S. POW 1866, p. 175, plo 24, figs ron; Obs. Xs 1S66 ps 130. ples 2A ae enone Type locality: Callaghan’s, Alleghany Co., Va. Is elliptica according to Tryon (132, p. 163) and Crandall (27, p. 55). PuHysA NUTTALLII Lea. Physamutiolly Wea Pre Ae N= S. Ge, L804 ps TlOn Jiolltee ae \ er Saka ee SOO, Ds WR, EG 2, sy, Oss Olos., XI, UIGO, 7, Wa, OL aA. ime. Og. Type locality: Lewis River, Oregon. See ampullacea. PHYSA OCCIDENTALIS Tryon. Physa occidentalis Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 226, pl. 2, fig. 8. Type locality: San, Francisco and numerous other localities in California and Oregon. Puysa OLEACEA Tryon. Physa oleacea Tryon, Am. J. of Con., II, 1866, p. 6, pl. II, fig. 6. Type locality: Bridgeport, Ala., and Lake Superior. Is elliptica according to Tryon (132, p. 163). Crandall states (27, p. 45) that Tryon himself admitted this obvious error and considers it to be a var. of g\vina. Baker (5, p. 492) considers it to be simply an immature stage of typical gyrina. : CATALOGUE RECENTLY DeEscripeD MonLusca 113 PHYSA OSCULANS Haldeman. Includes mexicana Phil. according to Fischer and Crosse (38, p. 100), Pilsbry (91, p. 323) and von Martens (73, p. 370). “Physa osculans is readily distinguishable from the eastern forms, P. heterostropha, integra and gyrina,; but several described Californian Physas present no differences” from the Mexican species and must be considered synonyms.” (Pilsbry, 1. c.) PHY¥SA PARVA Lea. yso parvum Wet ten Ne >, Pe 1864, p: 1155 Jour. Av Ni-S. P) Vil, 1866, Dae lee ica O4 Oss) Xl 1860; pe133, ple 24) tie, 104) Type locality: Verdigris River and Roca Creek, Kans. : Is doubtfully referred to P. malleata Try. as a variety by Cooper (25, p. 97). Probably a young grosvernori, Tryon (128, p. 169); is gyrina, Tryon (132, p. 162) ; probably a young anatina, Crandall (27, p. 71). PHYSA POLITISSIMA Tryon. Physa politissima Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 226, pl. 23, fig. 13. Type locality: Sacramento, Cal. ‘Is a variety of P. binneyana Ancey (P. diaphana Try.) according to Cooper (25, p. 97). Is probably a synonym of triticea, and both are “dwarfed and arrested aspect (s)” of gyrina according to Stearns (122, p. 51). PHYSA POMILIA Conrad. Physa pomita Conrad, Am. J. of Sci., XXV, 1834, p. 343; Am. J. of Con., Ei 1866; p: 278: ple 1s; figs. 1-3. Type locality: Randon’s Creek, Claiborne, Ala. Includes showalteri Lea according to Tryon (132, p. 162) and Crandall (27, p. 99). PHYSA PRIMEANA Tryon. Physa promeana Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 227, pl. 23, fig. 12. Type locality: Long Island, N. Y. | Is heterostropha according to Crandall (27, p. 29). PHYSA PROPINQUA Tryon. Physa propimqua Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 223, pl. 23, fig. 5. Type locality: Jordan Creek, Idaho. PHYSA RIVALIS Sowerby. Physa rivalis Sowerby, Con. Icon., Physa, 1873, Sp. 31, pl. 4, fig. 31. Type locality: Columbia River. This is not the P. rivalis of Maton and Rackett (1807) nor of Sowerby (1821-6). Clessin (20, p. 331) considers it a synonym of hildrethiana Lea. 114 BRYANT WALKER Puysa sAFrorpit Lea. Piso, Soniromole Ibeey, tere, IN, INS, IPs, wSOA, jo, WSs Jour, AS IN, S. RP. VI. L606, p. 166, pl. 24, nen é7 Obs OW 1800. p vi23np lean tiom orp Type locality: Lebanon, Wilson Co., Tenn.; Verdigris River, Kans., and Nashville, Tenn. Is gyrina according to Tryon (132, p. 162). PHYSA SHOWALTERI Lea. Jel rican ionolnicar Ieee, Jere, ev. IN, Sy, Jes, Isley, jo, iit! 3 J@bie, AX IN, S, IP. Vl. 1800, p. 170; pli24, nss@2b Obs Pa 160" pi 20npla 24 inomo2 Type locality: Uniontown, Ala. PHYSA SMITHSONIANA Lea. Piysa smithsonvang Lea erm AoNG S) ia 1864) p, U5 s oui Ao oNe One ee 1806, p. 160; pl. 24, ne. 97; Obs. XI, 1866, p. 125, pli 24, te. om Type locality: Loup Fork of the Platte River. Is gyrina according to Crandall (27, p. 54). PHYSA SPARSESTRIATA Tryon. Physa sparsestriata Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 224, pl. 23, fig. Io. Type locality: San Joaquin Valley, Cal. PHYSA SUBROTUNDA Sowerby. Physa subrotunda Sowerby, Con. Icon., Physa, 1873, Sp. 87, pl. 10, fig. 87. Type locality: North America. 2) J PuHysA TENUISSIMA Lea. Physa tenuissima Lea, Pr. A. N. 5. P., 1864, p. 114; Jour. A. N. 5. P., vale 1866, p. 167, pl. 24, fig. 86; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 123, pl. 24, fig. 86. Type locality: Alexandria, La. Is referred to Aplexa by Tryon (132, p. 17). See Crandall (27, p. 71). His shell now in my collection is a dead, bleached specimen of A plexa hyp- norum. PHYSA TRASKII Lea. Physa traskii Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 115; Jour. A. N. S. P., VI, 1866, p. 163, pl. 24, fig. 80; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 119, pl. 24, fig. 80. Type locality: Rio Los Angelos, Cal. | Is a synonym of P. virgata Gld. according to Pilsbry and Ferriss (108, p. 198). CaTALOGUE RECENTLY Descripep MoLusca 115 PHYSA TRITICEA Lea. Physa triticea Lea, Jour. A. N.S. P., VI, 1866, p. 177, pl. 24, fig. 103; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 132, pl. 24, fig. 103. Type locality: Shasta Co., Cal. Is a form of gyrima and probably includes politissima Tryon, according to Stearns (122, p. 51). PHYSA TROOSTIANA Lea. Is elliptica according to Tryon (132, p. 163) and Crandall (27, p. 55). PHYSA VENUSTA Lea. Physa venusta Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1864, p. 116; owe AY IN, S. IP WAL 1866, p. 168, pl. 24, fig. 89; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 124, pl. 24, fig. 80. Type locality: Fort Vancouver, Oregon. Very closely allied to, if not identical with, P. virginea Gld. according to Tryon (128, p. 170), who also remarks in 1870 (Mon., p. 138) that it groups with gyrina Say. PHysA vinosa Gould. Crandall (27, p. 42) considers this to be a var. of ancillaria, but it seems to be sufficiently distinct. PHysaA vircata Gould. Listed from Muscatine, Ia., by Nelson (76, p. 182). In all probability an erroneous identification. Is a variety of P. humerosa Gld. according to Cooper (25, p. 98). Widely, if sparsely, distributed in Arizona and New Mexico according to Pilsbry and Ferriss (107, p. 144). PHYSA VIRGATA ALBA Cockerell. Physa virgata mut. alba Cockerell, Jour. Mal., IX, 1902, p. 138. Type locality: Salt River, Tempe, Ariz. The varietal name is preoccupied by Crandall, P. heterostropa alba, 1901. PHYSA WALKERI Crandall. Physa walkert Crandall, Naut., XV, OOM, (Os Eye Oe UL see 5. Type locality: Petoskey, Mich. Types No. 3483 Coll. Walker. PHYSA WARRENIANA Lea. Physa warreniana Wea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1864, p. 115; Jour. A. N. S. P:, VI, 1866, p. 163, pl. 24, fig. 81; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 120, pl. 24, fig. 81. Type locality: Long Fork of the Platte River; Milwaukee, Wis.; Grand Rapids, Mich. Is a var. of sayii according to Crandall (27, p. 44). 116 Bryant WALKER PHYSA WHITEI Lea. Physa whites Wea, Pr. As NO Ss ee arSOAh pe rs Oui ee Nope lame p. 172, pl. 24, fig. 96; Obs., XI, 1866, -p. 128, pl. 24, fig. 96. Type locality: Walker Co., Ga.; Verdigris River, Kans. Is forsheyi according to Crandall (27, p. 69). PHYSA WOLFIANA Lea. IDiMgen cil nono eee, Jee, Js IN. SG, Ie, 1300), D, 1253 Joti, A IN, S. IP, VIII, KSA Do Oy We Al, 1s. ACs Olos., MINN nS, > O77, wll. Bi, ule 2. Type locality: Hot Springs, Colo. Genus APLEXA Fleming, 1822. APLEXA HORDACEA (Lea). Physavhordacea Wea, tere Ne Sas 1S045 ips TOs sole Nh ameeeenvale 1866, p. 176, pl. 24, fig. 102; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 132, pl. 24, fig. 102! Type locality: Vancouver Island, Oregon. Referred to Aplera by Tryon (132, p. 170), and doubtfully by Dail (32, p. 113), but its generic position still remains to be definitely settled by an examination of the animal. Dall (1. c.) states that the types came from Vancouver, Wash. and not from Vancouver Island, B. C. Is a variety of P. venusta Lea according to Cooper (25, p. 97). APLEXA HYPNORUM L. Clessin (20, p. 287) distinguishes the American form (P. elongata Say) on the ground that the European form has a more slender shell and never a short spire as is the case with both the American varieties recognized by him, but the concensus of opinion is against him. APLEXA HYPNORUM ARCTICA (Clessin). Physa elongata arctica Clessin, Con. Cab., Limnzeiden, 1886, p. 287, pl. 41, fig. 5. Type locality: Hudson Bay. APLEXA HYPNORUM GLABRA (DeKay). Physa glabra DeKay, N. Y. Moll., 1843, p. 80, pl. 5, fig. 83. Physa elongatina Lewis, Pr. B. S. N. H., V, 1855, pp. 122, 208. Range: Conn., N. Y., and Michigan. This form seems to be entitled to recognition as a well marked race. APLEXA HYPNORUM TRYONI (Currier). Bulinus tryont Currier, Am. J. of Con., II, 1867, p. 112, pl. 6, fig. 2. Type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrscrrpEp MoLtusca 117 Family ANCYLIDAS. For a revision of the patelliform genera of this family, see Walker, No. 160. Subfamily LANCINA{ Hannibal, ro14. Genus LANX Clessin, 1880. LANx ALtus (Tryon). Ancylus altus Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1865, p. 230, pl. 22, fig. 15. Type locality: Klamath River, Cal. Is probably only a var. of newberryi according to Pilsbry (95, p. 65). LANX CRASSUS (Haldeman). Ancylus crassus Haldeman, Mon., 1844, p. 14, pl. 1, fig. 8. LANX KOOTANIENSIS (Baird). Ancylus kootaniensis Baird, Pr. Zool. Soc., Lond., 1863, p. 69; W. G. Bin- meyelessander ee obellse we 1805: p14 ties 242\8 Enyont Mion. USO, (Oe 227. ls it, Ss ie, Ancylus (Levapex) kootaniensis Dall, Alaska, XIII, 1905, p. 110, fig. 82. Is doubtfully referred to L. crassus Hald. as a variety by Cooper (25, p. 100). LANX NEWBERRYI (Lea). Ancylus newberryi Lea, Jour. A. N.S. P., VI, 1866, p. 185, pl. 24, fig. 116; Ops:, h1866) p. 141, ple 24, fies 116: LANX NUTTALLII (Haldeman). V ellettia nuttallii Haldeman, Mon., 1841, pt. 3, p. 3 of cover. Acroloxus muttallii Binney, L. and F. W. Shells, II, 1865, p. 147. LANX PATELLOIDES (Lea). Ancylus patelloides Lea, Jour. A. N.S. P., VI, 1866, p. 185, pl. 24, fig. 117; Obs, Xl, 1860; p, 140, pl.-24,; fig. 117. Is not a marine species as stated by Tryon (132, p. 230). See Pilsbry (93, p60). — 2 Includes altus Try. and subrotundus Try. and doubtfully newberryi Lea as varieties according to Cooper (25, p. 100). 118 BrYANt WALKER LANX PRAICLARUS (Stimpson). (Mss. ?) Ancylus preclarus “Stimpson” Lea, Obs. XI, 1866, p. 141. ; This apparently undescribed species is referred to and distinguished from newberry by Lea. LANX SUBROTUNDUS (Tryon). : Ancylus subrotundus Tryon, Am. J. of Con., I, 1863, p. 230, pl. 22, fig. 14. Type locality: Umpqua River, Oregon. Subgenus WALKEROLA Hannibal, 1912. LANX (WALKEROLA) KLAMATHENSIS Hannibal. Lanx (Walkerola) klamathensis Hannibal, Pr. Mal. Soc. Lond., X, 1912, Oh LAO) ile WIN, ine, 2s. Type locality: Upper Klamath Lake, Ore. Genus FISHEROLA Hannibal, 1912. FISHEROLA LANCIDES Hannibal. Fisherola lancides Hannibal, Pr. Mal. Soc. Lond., X, 1912, p. 152, pl. VII, fig. 35. Type locality: Snake River, Washington. Genus ACROLOXUS Beck. Does not occur in our fauna. Of the two species referred to it by Binney, one, A. nuttalli, is a Lanx and the other, A. filosus, is a Rhodacmea. Subfamily FERRISSIINAY Walker, 1917. . Genus FERRISSIA Walker, 1903. FERRISSIA BOREALIS (Morse). Ancylus borealis Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 80, pl. 6, figs. 14-16. - FERRISSIA CAURINA (“W. Cooper,” W. G. Binney). Ancylus caurinus, J. G. Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci., IV, 1870, p. 100. ‘Tryon (132, p. 229) refers this species to fragilis, but it is an error. Is doubtfully referred to Ferrissia fragilis Try. as a variety by Cooper (25, p. 100), but-later (26, p. 83) he considers it distinct. Dall (32, p. 110) also doubtfully refers it to fragilis. FERRISSIA CAURINA SUBALPINA (J. G. Cooper). Ancylus caurinus subalpinus J. G. Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2), III, 1890, p. 82, pl. 1, figs. 27-28. Type locality: Yosemite Valley and Bloody Canyon, Cal. Also Oregon. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrEscrIBED MoLLusca 119 FERRISSIA FRAGILIS (Tryon). As suggested by J. G. Cooper (26, p. 83), and Hannibal (53, p. 148), this is probably the non-septate form of Gundlachia californica. FERRISSIA HALDEMANI (Bourguinat). Ancylus haldemani Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 78, pl. 6, figs. 9-13. FERRISSIA HENDERSONI (Walker). Ancylus hendersoni Walker, Naut., XXI, 1908, p. 138, pl. 9, figs. 8-10. Type locality: Lake Waccamaw, N. C. FERRISSIA NOVANGLIA (Walker). Ancylus novanglie Walker, Naut., X XI, 1898, p. 138, pl. 9, figs. 5-7. Type locality: Cambridge, Mass. FERRISSIA OVALIS (Morse). Ancylus ovalis Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 79. FERRISSIA PARALLELA (Haldeman). Ancylus parallelus Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1914, p. 77, pl. 5, figs. 1-9. FERRISSIA PUMILA (Sterki). Ancylus pumilus Sterki, 8th Ann. Rep. O. St. Acad. Sci, 1900, p. 36: sep- arate, p. 7; Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 82, pl. 6, figs. 20-22. Type locality: Tuscawaras River, Tuscawaras Co., O. It is possible that this will prove to be the non-septate form of Gumd- lachia meekiana. FERRISSIA RIVULARIS (Say). Ancylus rivularis Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 25, Olle Th AHS, WO), aig eIA FERRISSIA SHIMEKII (Pilsbry). Ancylus obliquus Shimek, Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist., St. Univ. Ia., I, 1890, p. 214, pl. III, figs. 5a-c, non Broderip and Sowerby (1832), nor C. B. Ads. (1850), nor Krauss (1853). Ancylus shimeku Pilsbry, Naut., 1V, 1890, p. 48; Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 81, pl. 6, figs. 17-19. Type locality: Deadman’s Run, Lincoln, Neb. Pilsbry (1. c. and 54, p. 63) has suggested that this may be the non- septate form of a Gundlachia, perhaps meekiana. This was controverted by Walker (1. c.), but nevertheless may be correct. 120 BRYANT WALKER FERRISSIA TARDA (Say). Ancylus tardus Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 27, pl. I, figs. 11-12, 16-23; Ol, JUL, tiveys, 22). FERRISSIA WALKERI (Pilsbry and Ferriss). Ancylus walkeri Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1906, p. 564, fig. 5. Type locality: Rogers, Benton Co., Ark. Subgenus LASVAPEX Walker, 1903. FERRISSIA DIAPHANA (Haldeman). Ancylus diaphanus Walker, Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 17, pl. H, figs. 13-18. FERRISSIA EXCENTRICA (Morelet). Ancylus excentricus Morelet, Test. Noviss., I, TSS; ps Ls Lalsbiye Ni auies I, 1889) p. 64, ply nea 4 = Walker Natit, SOV 1903 p27, soles figs. 19-21. - Type locality: Lago de Ita, Peten, Guatemala. Also Comal Creek, New Braunfels and Barton Creek, Travis Co., Texas. FERRISSIA FUSCA (C. B. Adams). Ancylus fuscus Walker, Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 15, pl. I, fig. 1-9. FERRISSIA FUSCA EUGRAPTA (Pilsbry). Ancylus eugraptus Pilsbry, Naut., 1X, 1896, p. 139. Ancylus fuscus eugraptus Walker, Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 17, pl. I, figs. 13-18. Type locality: Illinois River, Havana, Ills. FERRISSIA HEMISPH RICA (Walker). Ancylus hemisphericus Walker, Naut., XXI, 1908, p. 140, pl. 9, figs. 14-16. Type locality: Georgia. Also Decatur, Ala. FERRISSIA KIRKLANDI (Walker). Ancylus kirklandi Walker, Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 29, pl. I, figs. 1-12. Type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich. FERRISSIA OBSCURA (Haldeman). See Walker (Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 25, pl. I, figs. 16-18) for the Floridan form doubtfully referred to this. Rediscovered in the south fork of the Powell River at Big Stone Gap, Wise Co., Va., by Goodrich (48, p. 92), and quite different from the supposed Florida examples. CaTaLocur RECENTLY DEscripeD MoLtusca 121 FERRISSIA PENINSULA) (Pilsbry and Johnson). Ancylus peninsule Pilsbry and Johnson, Naut., IX, p. 138; Walker, Naut., KGVAlI OOS ps 2e, pla Wi tres: LO-21- Type locality: St. John’s River, Fla. SPECIBS INCERTA: SEDIS. ANcYLUS CALCARIUS DeKay. ANCYLUS OREGONENSIS Clessin. Ancylus oregonensis Clessin, Con. Cab., Ancylinen, 1882, p. 66, pl. 8, fig. 1. Type locality: Salem, Oregon. Also listed from the pacramemnto River, Reading, Shasta Co., by Pilsbry (93, p. 60). Genus GUNDLACHIA Pfeiffer, 1849. The validity of this genus has been a Sabie of Comedee ple discussion. See Dall (31, p. 97) and Walker (148, p. 14, and 160, p. 3). Dall has also published a very interesting series of observations on the relations of An- cylus and Gundlachia (34, p. 175). Subgenus GUNDLACHIA s. s. GUNDLACHIA ANCYLIFORMIS Pfeiffer. Gundlachia age Pfeiffer, Zeitsch. fiir Mal., 1849, p. 98; Ibid, 1853, p. 180, pl. I, figs. 1-16. Type locality : Teun Injinio, San Vincente, Cuba. Listed by Simpson (117, p. 96), from Palma Sola, Fla. GUNDLACHIA HJALMARSONI Pfeiffer. Gundlachia hjalmarsoni Pfeiffer, Mal. Blatt., V, 1858, p. 197. Type locality: Santa Rosa, Honduras. Has been recorded and figured by Clapp (18, p. 77), from the drift of the Rio Grande, at Brownsville, Texas. Subgenus KINCAIDELLA Hannibal, 1912. This group includes: G. meekiana Stimp., californica Row., and stimp- soniana S. Smith. CGUNDLACHIA STIMPSONIANA S. Smith. Gundlachia stimpsoniana S. Smith, Ann. N. Y. Lyc. Nat. Hist., IX, 1870, p. 399, fig. 6; Walker, Naut., X XI, 1907, p. 15, pl. IV. Type locality: Greenport, Long Island, N. Y. Also on Shelter Island, N. Y. 122 BRYANT WALKER Subfamily RHODACMEINAY Walker, 1917. Genus RHODACMEA Walker, 1917. Subgenus RHODACMEA sg. s. RHODACMEA FILOSA (Conrad). Ancylus filosus Conrad, New F. W. Shells, 1834, p. 57; Haldeman, Mon., 1044, p, LO; pl. ly he. oO; Binney, Jb. and) We Shells sli tsosnpese- fig. 248; Walker, Naut., XVIII, p. 75, pl. 6, figs. 7-8. Acroloxus filosus Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 232. Type locality: Black Warrior River, south of Blount Springs. RHODACMEA CAHAWBENSIS Walker. Ancylus filosus Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 76, pl. V1, figs. 1-6. Rhodacmea cahawbensis (Walker, Naut., XX XI, 1917, p. 7, pl. I, figs. 4-6. Type locality: Cahawba River, Gurnee, Shelby Co., Ala. RHOpDACMEA ELATIOR (Anthony). Ancylus elatior Anthony, Ann. N. Y. Lyc. Nat. Hist., VI, 1855, p. 158, pl. WW, nlen Zoe Isiamey, Ike ail 12, WNC Siaellis, ILL, mos, jo, BAO, ing, 234; Walkers Nat SGV Too“. Dp. 73. ple tec ao2: Type locality: Green River, Ky. RHODACMEA HINKLEYI ‘Walker. Ancylus rhodaceus “Walker,” Hinkley, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 40, not de- scribed. Ancylus hinkleyi Walker, Naut., X XI, 1908, p. 139, pl. IX, figs. 11-13. Type locality: Ohio River, Golconda, Ils. Section RHODOCE;PHALA Walker, 1917. RHODACMEA RHODACME Walker. Rhodacmea rhodacme Walker, Naut., XX XI, 1917, p. 8, pl. I, figs. 1, 2 and 8. Type locality: Coosa River, Williamsville, Shelby Co., Ala. RHODACMEA GWATKINIANA Walker. Rhodacmea gwatkiniana Walker, Naut., XX XI, 1917, p. 9, pl. I, figs. 3, 7 and 9. Type locality: Coosa River, Butting Ram Shoals, Coosa Co., Ala. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DeEscripED Moriusca 123 Subfamily NEOPLANORBINZ* Hannibal, 1912. Genus NEOPLANORBIS Pilsbry, 1906. NEOPLANORBIS CARINATUS Walker. Neoplanorbis carmatus Walker, Naut., X XI, 1908, p. 127, pl. 9, figs. 17-18. Type locality: Duncan’s Riffle, Coosa River, Coosa Co., Ala. N&EOPLANORBIS SMITHII Walker. Neoflanorbis smithu Walker, Naut., X XI, 1908, p. 126, pl. 9, figs. 1-2. - Type locality: Higgin’s Ferry, Coosa River, Chilton Co., Ala. NEOPLANORBIS TANTILLUS Pilsbry. Planorbis tantillus “Pilsbry”’ Hinkley, Naut., XVIII, 1904, p. 54. Nude name. Neoplanorbis tantillus Pilsbry, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 51, pl. 3, figs. 3-5. Type locality: Wetumpka, Ala. NEOPLANORBIS UMBILICATUS Walker. Neoplanorbis umbilicatus Walker, Naut., X XI, 1908, p. 126, pl. 9, figs. 3-4. Type locality: The Bar, Coosa River, Chilton Co., Ala. Genus AMPHIGYRA Pilsbry. Amphigyra Pilsbry, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 49. Type: Amphigyra alabamensis Pils. AMPHIGYRA ALABAMENSIS Pilsbry. Amphigyra alabamensis Pilsbry, Naut:, XX, 1906, p. 50, pl. III, figs. 1-2. Type locality: Wetumpka, Ala. Subclass STREPTONEURA. Order PECTINIBRANCHIA. Suborder TAANIOGLOSSA. Superfamily PLATYPODA. Family AMPULLARID. Genus AMPULLARIA Lamarck, 1799. AMPULLARIA BOREALIS Valenciennes. W. G. Binney (12, p. 430), has definitely ascertained that this species was based on the well known Natica heros Say. 124 ; BryYyaANt WALKER AMPULLARIA CALIGINOSA Rve. Ampullaria caliginosa Reeve, Con. Icon., Ampullaria, 1856, pl. XXV, fig 118. Type locality: Unknown. Not listed by Sowerby in his recent catalogue (119, pp. 345-302). : Listed from several localities in Florida by Dall and Simpson. AMPULLARIA MIAMIENSIS Pilsbry. Ampullaria miamiensis Pilsbry, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1899, p. 365. Type locality: Miami, Dade Co., Fla. AMPULLARIA PALUDOSA Say. This name must be used for Say’s species as his first name depressa was preoccupied by Lamarck. AMPULLARIA PINEI Dall. Ampullaria pinei Dall, Naut., XII, 1898, p. 75. Type locality: Homosassa River, Fla. AMPULLARIA ROTUNDATA Say. Sowerby has recently (119, p. 357) referred this species with doubt to paludosa, overlooking Say’s statement that the eperculum was calcareous and Binney’s figure in his edition of Say, pl. 75. It is no doubt an Old World species as suggested by Binney. In a recent letter, Mr. Sowerby says that he has “not the slightest doubt that it is a small specimen of the Indian 4. globosa Sw.” Family VIVIPARID/Z. Genus VIVIPARUS Montfort, 1810. VivIPARUS cConrTECTUS (Millet). This European species has become fully acclimatized at Washington, ID, @y, cial ae alaceipra, la, (Bailey, 2, D. CO). VIvIPARUS CONTECTOIDES W. G. Binney. Tryon’s contention (132, p. 17) that this species should be known as /. lineata Kuster non Val. (Con. Cab., Paludina, 1852, p. 10, pl. 2, figs. 6-9) is not well founded. Lineata is preoccupied and linearis (Ibid, p. 19) 1s “of course” a misprint for lineata as stated by Tryon (131, p. 197) and Binney (13, p. 295). This species has been introduced and fully acclimated in Fairmont Park, Philadelphia, Pa. (Vanatta, 139, p. 84), and in the Public Garden in Bos- ton, Mass. (Johnson, 62, p. 72). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DEscrIBED MoLuscAa 125 VIVIPARUS CONTECTOIDES COMPACTUS Pilsbry. Miviparits contectoides compactus Pilsbry, Nout XXX, 1916, p. 42: Type locality: Doherty, Ga. VIVIPARUS CONTECTOIDES IMPOLITUS Pilsbry. Viviparus contectoides wmpolitus Pilsbry. Naut., XXX, 1916, p. 4T. Type locality: Paint Rock River, Jackson Co., Ala. VIVIPARUS GEORGIANUS ALTIOR Pilsbry. Vivipara georgiana altior Pilsbry, Naut., V, 1892, p. 142. Type locality: Hitchin’s Creek, Fla. VIVIPARUS GEORGIANUS FASCIATUS Tryon. Viztpara georgiana fasciata Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 17. Type locality not specified. VIVIPARUS GEORGIANUS LIMNOTHAUMUS Pilsbry. Vivipara georgiana limnothauma Pilsbry, Naut., VIII, 1895, p. 116. Type locality: Hitchin’s Creek, Fla. Also Lake George, opposite Drayton’s Island, Fla. VIVIPARUS HALDEMANIANUuS “Shuttleworth” Frauenfeld. Vivipara haldemaniana “Shuttleworth” Frauenfeld, Verh. k. k. zool.-bot. Gesell. Wien, 1862, p. 1162. Type locality: Black Creek, Fila. Tryon (130, p. 374) says that this is “doubtless” V. lineata Val. (con- _tectoides W. G. Binn.), but this is not likely as that species does not range so far south. It is more probable that it is either georgianus (Lea) or waltonii Try. If the latter, it would have priority. Tryon (131, p. 197) suggests that the Florida contectoides listed by Binney are “perhaps” his waltonit. VIVIPARUS HALEANUS (Lea). This is apparently a valid species as stated by Tryon. It also occurs in Itchaway-Notchway Creek, Baker Co., Ga., and fossil in a peat bed at Lake Panasoffkee, Fla. VIVIPARUS INTERTEXTUS (Say). Hannibal (53, p. 193) has proposed a new subgenus, Callina, having this species as the type. The distinction seems to be based on the rounded whorls and perforate shell of this species as compared with the imperforate shell and subcarinate body-whorl of typical Viviparus. But as the embryonic 126 BryANT WALKER young of imtertextus are strongly angulated and those of V. viviparus are quite acutely carinated the distinction does not seem to be well taken. If, however, for any valid reason, it should be found desirable hereafter to separate the two groups, the name will be available. VIVIPARA LINEATA (Valenciennes). W. G. Binney (13, p. 295) from an examination of the type states that this is the ’. bengalensis (Lam.) from India. VIVIPARUS MALLEATUS Reeve. This Japanese species has been introduced into a number of localities on the Pacific coast and has been listed under various names :— Paludina japonica Wood, Naut., V, 1892, p. 114; Worl, Wik see, oO. Sit. Vivipara stelmaphora Stearns, Naut., XV, 1901, p. 91. Vivipara lecythoides Hannibal, Naut., XXII, 1908, p. 33. Viviparus malleatus Hannibal, Naut., XXV, 1911, p. 31. Hannibal (53, p. 194) has made this species the type of a new subgenus, Cipangopaludina, which he refers to Idiopoma Pils., (98, p. 189) originally proposed as a subgenus, but which he raises to generic rank. As the valid- ity of both of these changes must be ultimately determined by a study of the Asiatic species, they may well be held in abeyance until that has been done. VIVIPARUS JAPONICUS v. Martens. This species has been introduced into British Columbia (Pilsbry and Johnson, 110, p. 144) and California (Hannibal, 52, p. 32). It has also recently appeared in the Muddy River, Brookline, Mass. (Johnson, 60, p. 35 and 61, p. 48). Hannibal (53, p. 194) refers it to diopoma Pils. VIVAPARA MULTICARINATA (Haldeman). This name was proposed by Haldeman for the Paludina carinata Val., which was erroneously stated by the author to be from ‘Mexico, carinata having already been used by Swainson for an Indian species of the same genus. W. G. Binney (12, p. 430), states that the types in the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, are labelled in Valenciennes’ handwriting “Philippines.” It is undoubtedly a form of V’. burroughianus Lea. VIVIPARUS WALKERI Pilsbry and Johnson. Viviparus walkeri Pilsbry and Johnson, Naut., XX VI, 1912, p. 48, pl. XXX, figs. 6-7. Type locality: Juniper Creek, Lake Co., Fla. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DESCRIBED MoLLusca ay) ‘VIVIPARUS WALTONII Tryon. Vivipara waltonu Tryon, Am. J. of Con., II, 1866, p. 108, pl. 10, fig. 2. Type locality: St. John’s River, Fla. VIVIPARUS WAREANUS (Shuttleworth). This species is distinct from georgianus Lea. Genus CAMPELOMA Rafinesque, 1819. Melanthro W. G. Binney non Bowditch. Pilsbry has recently (105, p. 111) proposed to substitute Ambloxis Raf. for Campeloma Raf. For the same reasons that I have urged in support of the retention of Anculosa Say, it seems to me that the preference should be given to Campeloma. CAMPELOMA DECISUM (Say). The undescribed forms of this species from Michigan listed as vars. flava Currier MSS. and melanostoma Currier MSS. (Walker, 142, p. 138) are of doubtful validity. 3inney is in error in referring the following species to decisum as syno- nyms: integrum Say, geniculum Con., milesii Lea, obesum Lewis, rufum Hald., and subsolidum Anth. Melantho fecunda mentioned, but purposely left undescribed, by Lewis in 1868 (66, p. 135) and listed as a distinct species in 1869 (67, p. 34) does not seem to be separable from deciswm, judging from the author’s original specimens now in my collection. Call’s remark (17, p. 135) that this is the female of obesuim Lewis is wholly wrong. CAMPELOMA FLORIDENSE Call. “Campeloma floridense Call MSS.” (as synonym of C. limum), Call, Bull. Wash. Colle labson Nat. Elist, 1, 1886) p. 150) pl 6, hg. 7; Pilsbry, Naut., XXX, 1017, p. 42. Type locality not specified. Apparently restricted to the St. John’s River and tributary creeks in Florida. It has very generally been considered to be the C. limuim (Anth.). CAMPELOMA GENICULUM (Con.). The exact status of this species still remains to be settled. Call at one time considered it a valid species (15a, p. 157), but later (17, p. 134) treated it as a variety of decisum. Lewis remarks (71, p. 41) that all the Alabama species exhibit this peculiarity. Under this aspect of the case, the species, - to which Conrad’s form should be referred, can only be determined by an examination of his original type. 128 BrYANtT WALKER CAMPELOMA INTEGRUM (Say). Is a valid species and quite distinct from deciswm. CAMPELOMA INTEGRUM OBESUM (“Lewis” Tryon). ? Paludina obesa “Lewis” W. G. Binney, L. and F. W. Shells, III, 1865, p. 47, fig. 95. Melantho obesa Lewis, Am. J. of Con., IV, 1868, p. 134. Melantho obesus Lewis, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1875, p. 336, pl. XXIII, figs. 4-5. Viznpara obesa ‘Lewis’ Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 25, pl. 13, fig. 6. Type locality: Ohio Canal, Columbus, O., and Michigan. Tryon seems to have been the first to have formally described this well marked form, although Lewis had already referred to it by that name in his papers on Melantho in 1868 and 1869. Binney figured what he supposed to be it, but Lewis seems to think (1. c.) that he did not do so. Binney states that “Paludina obesa’ is preoccupied, but I have not been able to check the reference. If that is true and Binney’s figure represents the true obesa of Lewis, his remarks and figure are sufficient to fix that name on the form and consequently it would have to receive a new name. Typically very distinct, this form seems to bear the same relation to imtegrum that gibbum does to rufum. ey Call’s statement (17, p. 135) that Lewis’ type of this form is the male and the type of his undescribed fecunda the female of the same species is an error. CAMPELOMA LEWISII Walker. Campeloma lewis ‘Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1915, p. 126, pl. V, fig. 3. Type locality: Yallabusha River, Grenada, Miss. This is the Welantho coarctata of W. G. Binney. For full synonymy see Walker, 154, p. 126. CAMPELOMA L1MuUM (Anthony). According to Pilsbry (103, p. 43) Melantho decampiu W. G. Pinn. is a synonym of this species, which has been very generally misunderstood. ‘lhe Florida form usually known by this name is C. floridense Call. CAMPELOMA MILESII (Lea). Is apparently a valid species. If not, it should be referred to decisum rather than to subsolidum. See Walker, 146, p. 121. CAMPELOMA PONDEROSUM COARCTATUM (Lea). This is the Paludina coarctata and P. incrassata of Lea and the Vivipara nolant of ‘Tryon. For full synonymy see Walker, 154, p. 125. CAMPELOMA RUFUM (Haldeman). Is a valid species. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DEscripED MoLiusca 129 CAMPELOMA RUFUM GIBBUM (Currier). Melantho gibba Currier, Am. J. of Con., III, 1867, p. 112, pl. 6, fig. 3. Type locality: Grattan, Mich. CAMPELOMA RUFUM GENICULIFORME Pilsbry. Campeloma rufum geniculiforme Pilsbry, Naut., XXX, 1916, p. 42. Type locality: Dooley Co., Ga. CAMPELOMA RUFUM MERIDIONALF Pilsbry. Campeloma rufum meridionale Pilsbry, Naut., XXX, 1916, p. 42. Type locality: Crozier’s Branch, Cabarrus Co., N. C. Also Ljittle Sugar Creek, N. C. and. Georgia. CAMPELOMA SPILLMANIT (Lea). iaalndmospllmann Wea Pro N.S. 1867, p.. st; four, A: N.S. P. VI, 1868, p. 343, pl. 44, fig. 29; Obs., XII, 1868, p. 103, pl. 44, fig. 29. Lioplax spillmaniu Tryon, Mon., 1870, p. 35, pl. 14, fig. 7; pl. 15, fig. 8. . Type locality: Jackson Co., Ala. -Tryon (1. c.) gives the type locality as Jackson Co., Miss. Numerous specimens from several streams near Mooresville, Limestone Co.. Ala., col- lected by Rev. H. E. Wheeler agree with the descriptions and figures given by Lea and Tryon and are Campelome. The embryonic young are strongly and acutely bicarinated, differing in this respect from all the other species of the genus. The operculum is wholly concentric. These shells agree very exactly with the cotypes of C. decampi W. G. Binn. in the DeCamp collec- tion. If this identification and approximation are correct, spillinanii Lea will follow decampii into the synonymy of C. limum (Anth.). CAMPELOMA SUBSOLIDUM (Anthony). Is a valid species. Whether the Paludina evxilis of Anthony is a sexual form as believed by Lewis and others or an individual or local mutation is unsettled. The fact that it has not been found in southwestern Michigan, where the species is a common one would seem to cast a doubt on its being a sexual variation. Gents LIOPLAX Troschel, 1856. LIorLax ELLIoTT1 (Lea). ‘Ts a valid species. LIopLAX PILSBRYI Walker. Lioplax pilsbryi Walker, Naut., XVIII, 1905, p. 133, pl. IX, figs. 1-3. Type locality: Chipola River, Fla. Also Econfine River and Mud Creek, Fla. 130 BryANnt WALKER Genus TULOTOMA Haldeman, 1840. TULOTOMA ANGULATA (Lea). The opinion of Lewis (71, p. 24) and Wetherby (164, p. 207) that this is specifically distinct from magnifica Con. is no doubt correct. TULOTOMA COOSAENSIS (Lea). This species described as a Paludina and referred to Vivipara by Binney and to Lioplax by Tryon (132, p. 36) is a Tulotoma as stated by ‘Wetherby (OAR. 212) -Family VALVATIDA.. Genus VALVATA O. F. Miller, 1774. VALVATA BICARINATA Lea. Is a valid species. See Walker, 146, p. 124 and 147, p. 20. VALVATA BICARINATA CONNECTANS Walker. Valvata bicarinata connectans (Walker, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 30. Type locality: Lake Michigan, New Buffalo, Mich. VALVATA BICARINATA NORMALIS Walker. Valvata bicarinata normalis Walker, Naut., XV, 1902, p. 125, fig. 5. Type locality: Not specified. Habitat: Muscatine, Ia. and Utica, Ills. VALVATA BICARINATA PERDEPRESSA Walker. Valvata bicarinata perdepressa Walker, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 30, pl. I, figs. 15-106. Type locality: Lake Michigan, Michigan City, Ind. VALVATA CALLI Hannibal, Naut., XXIII, 1rono, p. 107. Type locality: Marl-deposit, Upper Lahontan Quaternary, Summer Lake, Or VALVATA HUMERALIS CALIFORNICA Pils. Valvata humeralis californica Pilsbry, Naut., XXII, 1908, p. 82. Type locality: Bear Lake, San Bernardino Co., Cal. CaTaLocuE RECENTIY DrEscrisED MoLLusca 131 VALVATA LEWISI Currier. Valvata striata Lewis, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1856, p. 200; non striata Philippi, 1836-1844; Binney, L. and F. W. Shells, Pt. III, 1865, p. 13, fig. 18. Valvata lewisi Currier, Kent Sci. Inst. Misc. Pub., 1868, p. 9. Type locality: Little Lakes, N. Y. VALVATA LEWIS! HELICOIDEA Dall. Valvata lewis helicoidea Dall, Rep. Harriman Exp., XIII, 1905, p. 123, pl. II, figs. 1-2. Type locality not specified. ~ Range: “With the type form, to some extent everywhere, but especially toward the Northwest’. VALVATA MERGELLA West. Valvata mergella Westerlund, Vega Exped. Vetens. Iakt., [V, 1885, p. 200, pl. V, figs. 22 a-d. Type locality: Port Clarence, near Bering Strait, Alaska. VALVATA OBTUSA Drap. - This European species has been listed from the mouth of the Genessee ives, No Ye by Baker (3, p: 71). VALVATA PISCINALIS Miller. This European species has recently been found by Latchford (65, p. 10) at Honisher Bay, Toronto, Ont. VALVATA SINCERA DANIELSI ‘Walker. Valvata sincera danielsi Walker, Naut., XX, 1906, p. 28, pl. I, figs. 10-11. Type locality: Cannon Lake, Rice Co., Minn. VALVATA SINCERA NYLANDERI Dall. Valvata (sincera var.?) nylanderi Dall, Rep. Harriman Exp., XIII, 1905, p. 122. ; Type locality: Aroostook Co., Me. VALVATA TERRA-NOV-E Ferussac. Type locality: ? ‘Specimens under this name are in the Museum of Paris according to Binney (12, p. 430), but it does not appear to have ever been described. 132 BRYANT WALKER VALVATA TRICARINATA Say. This species.is the type (by ig eon of the subgenus Tropidina H. and A. Adams, 1858, but as it is based upon the carinated whorls of the typical form and the species varies from ecarinate to tricarinate, it does not seem worthy of recognition. VALVATA TRICARINATA BASALIS Vanatta. Valvata tricarinata basalis Vanatta, Naut., XXVIII, 1915, p. 105, fig. Type locality: Hudson River, N. Y. VALVATA TRICARINATA INFRACARINATA Vanatta. Valvata tricarinata infracarinata Vanatta, Naut., XXVIII, 1915, p. 104, fig. Type locality: White Pond, N. J. VALVATA TRICARINATA PERCONFUSA Walker. Valvata tricarinata confusa Walker, Naut., XV, 1902, p. 124, fig: 2, non V. confusa West. (1897). Valvata tricarinata perconfusa Walker, Naut., XXXI, 1917, p. 36. Type locality not specified. VALVATA UTAHENSIS Call. Valvata sincera utahensis Call, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 11, 1884, p. 44, ple Vilesnecs 1-3: Valvata utahensis Call, Pr. Davenport A. N. S., V, 1886, p. 4, pl. 1, figs. 1-3. Type locality: Utah Lake, Utah. Family AMNICOLID/. Subfamily BYTHININA® Stimpson, 1865. Genus BYTHINIA Leach, 1818. BYTHINIA PERFECTA Frauenfeld. Bythinia perfecta Frauenfeld, Verh. der k. k. zool-bot. Ges. Wien, 1862, p. Tpeyle IonGl, KSOs, De 527%, ls IDX Type locality: Columbia, North America. Frauenfeld states that as the types are without the opercula, he could not tell whether the species was a Bythinia or an Amnicola. If the locality is correct, it is surely not a Bythinia. It may be a Flumunicola. BYTHINIA TENTACULATA (L.). This well known European species has been introduced by commerce and has spread from the Hudson west to Lake Michigan. © CaTAaLOGUE RECENTLY DEscRIBED MoLLuscA £33 Subfamily AMNICOLINA® Gill, 1871. Genus AMNICOLA Gould and Haldeman, 1840. AMNICOLA AUGUSTINA Pilsbry. Ammnicola augustina Pilsbry, Naut., XVII, 1904, p. 113; Walker, Naut., XIX, 1906, p. 117, pl. V, figs. 13-14. Type locality: St. Augustine, Fla. Also at Tuscumbia, Ala., and fossil in a peat deposit at Lake Panasoffkee, Fla. AMNICOLA BAKERIANA Pilsbry, Naut., XX XI, 1917, p. 44. fivipe locality: Onerda Wake, N.Y: AMNICOLA PAKERIANA NIMIA Pilsbry. Amnicola bakeriana nimia Pilsbry, Naut. XXXI, 1917, p. 45. Type locality: Oneida Lake, N. Y. ; AMNICOLA CLARKEI Pilsbry. Amunicola clarke: Pilsbry, Naut., XX XI, 1917, p. 45. Type locality: Oneida Lake, N. Y. AMNICOLA COMALENSIS Pilsbry and Ferriss. Amnicola comalensis Pisbry and Meriiss, Pr. A. Ne SG. :P: 1906) p- 171, fig: a7 eeilsbry, Natit. Pe Vi, 1868, p. 331ple 54, me. o> Obss NE rS68.p: OL pleas Anmincamcs Type locality: Jackson Co., Ala. GONIOBASIS CLAVULA Lea. Gomobasis clavula ea, Pr, A. N.S. P., 1868, p..152); Jour Ay Nees Wl, 1868, p 345, (ple 54, fie. 15; Obs, X11) 1868, p.o5. pl sue mma Type locality: Jackson Co., Ala. GONIOBASIS COCHLIARIS Lea. Goniobasis cochliaris Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1868, p. 152; Jour. A. N. S. P., Wal, 1868, ps 336, plo54, ne 105) Obs» SOs 1868; ps ©6; pls 4tancemos Type locality: Shelby Co., Ala. GONIOBASIS COLUMBIENSIS Whiteaves. Goniobasis columbiensis. Whiteaves, Naut., XIX, 1905, p. 61, pl. Il, figs. TI-12. Type locality: Upper Columbia River, B. C. This is probably only a form of livescens. GONTOBASIS COMALENSIS Pilsbry. Goniobasis plewristriatus comalensis Pilsbry, Naut., 1V, 1890, p. 49. Goniobasis comalensis Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1906, p. 167, fig. 24-31. Type locality: Comal Creek, New Braunfels, Nexass: Melania pluristriata Say is a Pachycheilus and is not found in Texas. All the Texan records of that species refer to comalensis. The var. marmocki mentioned, but not described by Wetherby (Am. Nat. XII, 1868, p. 254) seems to have been abandoned by him. His shells came from Helotes, Bexar Co., Texas and the setvof “pleuristriata” in his collection, now in my possession, includes both the striate and smooth forms. There are none labelled var. marmockt. CaTALocur REcENTLY DEscrisED MoLLusca 157 CONIOBASIS COMALENSIS FONTINALIS Pilsbry and Ferriss. Goniobasis comalensis fontinalis Pilsbry and Ferriss, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1906, p-. 168, figs. 32-35. Type locality: Spring, New Braunfels, Texas. GONIOBASIS CONNESAUGAENSIS Lea. Gomiobasis connesaugaensis Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1868, p. 152; Jour. A. N. S. 2. Vil, W868, Ps Bas, OL Gl es aie Olos,, SAUL ister to. OA, lk Bye (Ge ett Type locality: Connesauga Creek, Whitfield Co., Ga. GONTIOBASIS CONTIGUA Lea. Gonrobos coniigua wea, Pr Al N.S: Ps, 1868, p: 152; Jour. A. N.S. 2; WAT SOS. pice, plais4, ties 12 Obs. Xl T8687 p..o4) pl. 54, fis. 12. Type locality: Connesauga Creek, Whitfield Co., Ga. GONIOBASIS CRANDALLI Pilsbry. Gomiobasis crandalli Pilsbry, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1890, p. 301, pl. V, fig. 4-5. Type locality: Mammoth Spring, Ark. GONTORASIS CUMBERLANDENSIS Lea. Gomiobasis cumberlandensis Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1863, p. 155; Jour. A. N. Se arSOo palig2 ep. 220g 1355) Obs, Ml s6o% p, 88, ply 23. fig. 35. Tryon (134, p. 272) considers this a synonym of G. adusta (Anth.), and erroneously quotes it as G. cumberlandiensis GONIOBASIS DECAMPII Lea. Goniobasis decampii Lea, Jour. A. N. S. P., VI, 1866, p. 138, pl. 23, fig. 45; Obs: XI, 1866; p: 04, pl. 23, fie. 45: GONIOBASIS DEPYGIS (Say). Is considered a variety of livescens by Baker (4, p. 327) and Sterki (124A, p. 385), but is distinct. CONIOBASIS EMERYENSIS Lea. Goniobasis emeryensis Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1864, p. 3; Jour. A. N. Saale Vile 1866, p. 127.) pl. 22, fig. 43; Obs., XI, 1866; p. 93) pl. 23, fe. 43. Type locality: Rocky Creek, Head Branch of Emery River, Tenn. 158 Bryant WALKER GONIOBASIS FRATERNA Lea. Goniobasis fraterna Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1864, p. 111; Jour. A. N. 5. P., VI, 1866, p. 139, pl. 23, fig. 46; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 95, pl. 23, fig. 46. Type locality: Bibb Co. and Cahawba River, Ala. GONIOBASIS GESNERI Lea. Goniobasis gesnert Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1868, p. 151; Jour: A. N.S. P. YE 1868 p. 330, pl. 54, fig. 5; Obs., XII, 1868, p. 90, pl. 54, fig. 5. Type locality: Uchee River, Ala. GONIOBASIS GOULDIANA Lea.: Goniobasis pulchella Lea, Pr. A. N. 5. P., 1868, p. 151, non pulchella Anth. (1850). Goniobasis gouldiana \ea, Jour. A. N.S. P., V1, 1868, p. 332, pl. 54, fig. 9; Olts., UL, WSS, jo, ©2, lls 54, ie, ©, Type locality: North Alabama. GONTOBASIS GRANATOIDES Lea. Goniobasis granatoides Lea, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1868, p. 152; Jour. A. N.S. P35 VI, 1868, p. 335, pl. 54, fig. 14; Obs., XII, 1868, p. 95, pl. 54, fig. 14. Type locality: Connesauga Creek, Whitfield Co., Ga. GONIOBASIS INDIANENSIS Pilsbry. Goniobasis indianensis Pilsbry, 27th Ann. Rep. Dep’t. Geol. and Nat. Res. Ind., 1903, p. 606, fig. 28. Type locality: Blue River, Wyandotte, Crawford Co., Ind. GONIOBASIS LAVICATA (Lea). This species, if a valid one, will have to be called Jeaw Brot as Melania levigata is preoccupied by Lamarck. GONIOBASIS LAQUEATA (Say). Includes deshayesiana (Lea) and “probably” also cerea, corrugata, cos- tulata, cinerella, circincta, lyonu, plicatula, rugosa and sparus, all of Lea and athleta and glauca of Anthony according to Pilsbry (111, p. 499). GONIOBASIS LAWRENCE! Lea. Goniobasis lawrence Lea, Pr. A. N. S. P., 1860, p. 125; Jour. A. N. S. P., Vill, 1874) p62, ple 21guise 17- Obs. XU 18745 pioonpl 2am Type locality: Washita River, Hot Springs, Ark. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DESCRIBED MoLLusca 159 GONIOBASIS LUTEOCELLA Lea. Gomobasis luteocella Lea, Pr. A. N: S.:P.; 1868, p. 151; Jour. A. N. S. P., ~ Wi S085 92332) pl 54) tet 0; Obs 18608," p:92) pl. 54, fie. 10. Type locality: Connesauga Creek, Whitfield Co., Ga. and Oconee River. GONIOBASIS MILESII Lea. Gonpbasis niles Wea, Jour-A. N25. P., Vi, 1866; p. 135, pl. 23, fig. 40; Obs., XI, 1866, p. 90, pl. 23, fig. 40. GONIOBASIS MURRAYENSIS Lea, ee AGUNG Sy es 1808) pe 1525 Jour, au Ne Sule Velen OOS pe 2e45 pleis4, me. 13 Obs... (0). LAMPSILIS LIENOSA (Con.). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (79, p. 340). LAMPSILIS TLIGAMENTINA (Lam.). Unio tecomensis De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914, p. 26. This species was at first referred to Obovaria by Ortmann (78, p. 119) and later to Nephronaias (79, p. 325). It should rather be referred to Ac- tinonaias F. and C. According to the specimens in the Poulson collection (Vanatta, 140, p. 551) U. crassa Raf., fasciata Raf. and pallens Raf. are this species. LAMPSILIS LUTEOLA (Lam.). Vanatta (140, p. 551) states that L. fasciola Raf. is this species. LAMPSILIS NEBULOSA (Con.). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (81, p. 64). I,AMPSILIS NIGERRIMA (Lea). Is a variety of 1. concestator Lea according to Frierson (41, p. 135). LAMPSILIS OCCIDENTALIS (Con.). Is Ptychobranchus clintonensis Simp. and has priority according to Ut- Herel (BE. D>. B07) . : LAMPSILIS ORBICULATA (Hild.). Belongs to Lampsilis s. s. and does not group with L. liyamentina Lam. according to Ortmann (79, p- 353)- CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrscriBED MoLLusca 183 LAMPSILIS OZARKENSIS (Call). Is a Nephronaias according to Utterback (135, p. 344). Ortmann (84, p. 62) has more recently determined it to be a Fusconaia. LAMPSILIS PARVA (Bar.). Unio pertenuis De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914, p. 31, pl. VI, figs. 4a-f, non Lea, 1863. This species is the true type of Carunculina according to Ortmann (81, p. 68). LAMPSILIS PERDIX (Lea). Is a Nephronaias according to Ortmann (79, p. 326). It is rather an Actinonaias. LAMPSILIS PERPURPUREA (Lea). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (81, p. 63). IWANEPSIEIG PICTA(leeal)e Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (79, p. 342). LAMPSILIS PLEASII (Marsh). Is a Nephronaias according to Utterback (135, p. 343). It is rather an Actimonaias. . LAMPSILIS RADIATA (Gmel.). Unio muhlfeldianus plurimaffinis De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., IOLA; > G), Ol, JUNE, ines, Zaiaal. LAMPSILIS RADIATA ONEIDENSIS Baker. Lampsilis borealis Baker, Tech. Pub. N. Y. Coll. For., 4, 1916, p. 257, fig. 44, nos. I-A. Lampsilis radiata oneidensis Baker, Naut., XXX, 1916, p. 74, pl. I. ype locality: Onerda Lake, NY: LAMPSILIS RECTA (Lam.). Unio sagert Conrad, Mon., VI, 1836, p. 53, pl. xxix, fig. I. Lampsitis recta sageri Simpson, Desc. Cat., 1914, p. 96. Lamarck’s type came from Lake Erie and is the small form character- istic of the Great Lakes that Conrad described as Unio sageri. The large, normal form from the Ohio and elsewhere may be distinguished under Rafinesque’s name. 184 Bryant WALKER LAMPSILIS RECTA LATISSIMA (Raf.). Unio latissima Rafinesque, Mon., 1820, p. 297, pl. Ixxx, figs. 14-15. Unio angustatus cuniculus De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914, D> 22, ll, 2K, IS, It 5 Type locality: Ohio River. This is the form represented in the Poulson collection (Vanatta 140, p. 551). LAMPSILIS SIMPSONI Ferriss. Belongs to Lasmonos Raf. according to Utterback (135, p. 367). LAMPSILIS SUBROSTRATA (Say). Belongs to Eurynia s. s. according to Ortmann (81, p. 55). LAMPSILIS TENERA (Ravenel, Mss.) Mazyck. Lampsilis tenerus (Rav. Mss.) Mazyck, Cat. Moll. S. C., 1913, p. 23. Type locality: Santee Canal, St. John’s, Berkeley, S. C. The specific name is preoccupied by Lea, 1840. | LAMPSILIS TRABALIS (Con.). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (70, p. 340). LAMPSILIS VANUXEMENSIS (Lea). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (79, p. 342; 81, p. 65). LAMPSILIS VENTRICOSA (Bar.). According to Say and Conrad this is the L. cardiwm Raf., 1820, and if so ,the latter name has priority. Vanatta (140, p. 551) states that the shell so labelled in the Poulson collection is the ventricosa Bar. According to Ortmann (709, p. 351) it “1s probably only a variety of L. ovata (Say). LAMPSILIS VENTRICOSA COHONGORONTA Ortmann. Lampsilis ventricosa cohongoronta Ortmann, Naut., XX VI, 1912, p. 53. Type locality not specified. Found in the Potomac River, Hancock, Wash- ington Co., Md., and in the South Branch of the Potomac at South- branch and Romney, W. Va., and in the Shenandoah River, Harper’s lscrey, WW. Wal. LAMPSILIS VENTRICOSA SATURA (Lea). Frierson (41, p. 136) says that this is not a variety of L. ventricosa, but is the same as L. evcavata Lea and has priority as the proper specific name. I do not agree with this. Ortmann (81, p. 56) deals with it as a form of ventricosa and intimates a “suspicion” that it may prove to be a distinct species. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DEscRIBED MoLLuUSscA 185 LAMPSILIS VENUSTA (Lea). Is a variety of L. ellipsiformis (Lea) according to Utterback (135, p. 343). LAMPSILIS VIBEX (Con.). Is a Micromya according to Ortmann (79, p. 340). Genio MICROMYA (Agassiz, 1852) Simpson. MicroMyaA C#LATA Conrad. Unio propecelatus De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914, p. 30, pl. Nae aiese raqde This species has been identified by Frierson (42, p. 7) and Ortmann (82, p. 39) as Unio (Lemiox) rimosus Raf. and the latter (1. c.) has raised Lemiox to generic rank. The identification seems too doubtful (Walker, 162, p. 4) to be relied upon, the species should therefore retain Conrad’s name and a new generic name proposed. MiIcROMYA FABALIS (Say). Unio donacopsis De Gregorio, Moll. di dul. di Amer., 1914, p: 30, pl. X, figs. 5a-b. Genus TRUNCILLA Rafinesque, 1819. TRUNCILLA CURYISII Frierson and Utterback. Truncilla curtisii Frierson and Utterback, Am. Mid. Nat., 1V, 1916, p. 453, pl. VI, figs. 14a-d, pl. XXVIII, figs. 1ogA-D. ‘Type locality: White River, Hollister, Mo. This is the form that was collected by Ferriss in 1900 and distributed by him as 7. deviata (Anth.). It has also been found in Bear Creek, Frank- lin Co., Ala., a tributary of the Tennessee. It does not seem to be more than a light colored form of that species. ‘TRUNCILLA LEFEVREI Utterback. Truncilla lefevre: Utterback, Am. Mid. Nat., IV, 1916, p. 455, pl. VI, figs. 13 -d, pl. XXVIII, figs. ro8A-D. Type locality: Black River, Williamsville, Mo. TRUNCILLA FOLIATA (Hild.). This species has been identified as Rafinesque’s Obliquaria flexuosa by Conrad and the specimen in the Poulson collection under that name is stated by Vanatta (140, p. 550) to be this species. If identifiable from the orig- inal description, Rafinesque’s name would have priority. It has also been identified by Frierson (42, p. 7) as Rafinesque’s Epioblasma biloba. 186 BRYANT WALKER TRUNCILLA BREVIDENS (Lea). Vanatta (140, p. 550) states that the shell in the Poulson collection la- belled Obliquaria interrupta Raf. is this species. If identifiable from the original description, Rafinesque’s name has precedence. TRUNCILLA PERPLEXA (Lea). This species has been identified by Conrad and others as Amblema toru- losa Raf. and Amblema gibbosa Raf. According to Vanatta (140, p. 550) the shells so labelled in the Poulson collection are this species. Either name, if identifiable from the original description, would have priority. TRUNCILLA SULCATA (Lea). Unie stewardsoni stevensoni De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914. Oe 15, oll WIL, ime, 2, Unio propesulcatus De Gregorio, Ibid, p. 30, pl. X, fig. 2. Vanatta (140, p. 550) states that the shell in the Poulson Collection under the name of Obliquaria obliquata Raf. is this species. If identifiable from the original description, it would take precedence. TRUNCILLA TRIQUETRA Rafinesque. Umio triangularis pergitbosa De Gregorio, Moll. di aq. dul. di Amer., 1914, De WO, jolly JUG, iors, 71, Unio triangularis longiusculus De Gregorio, Ibid, p. 10, pl. TI, fig. 5. TRUNCILLA TRIQUETRA TRIANGULARIS (Barnes). Barnes’ types of his Unio triangularis came from Bois Blanc Island in the Detroit River and the form is fairly entitled to varietal rank, being like nearly all of the Unionide of the Great Lakes a characteristically depauper- ate race. TRUNCILLA WALKERI ‘Wilson and Clark. Truncilla walkeri Wilson and Clark, Bur. of Fish. Doc. No. 781, 1914, p- A, jl, IL; eS. Te Type locality: East Fork of Stone’s River, Walterville, Tenn. Subgenus DYSNOMIA Agassiz, 1852. Frierson (42, p. 7) identifies Rafinesque’s Unio or Epioblasma biloba with 7°. foliata (Hild.) and consequently replaces Agassiz’ subgeneric name by Epioblasma Raf. CATALOGUE RECENTLY DrscriBED MoLLusca 187 Genus incerte sedis. COKERIA Marshall, 1916. Cokeria Marshall, Naut., X XIX, 1916, p. 133. Type: Cokeria southalli Marshall. COKERIA SOUTHALLI Marshall. Cokeria southalli Marshall, Naut., XXIX, 1916, p. 133, pl. IV. Type locality: James River, Huron, S. D. ~ This genus and species are founded on an unique specimen collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. It seems to combine the characters of both Quadrula and Lampsilis, although the preponderance of the characters ap- pear to be Quadruline. Indeed, but for the hinge teeth, which are quite like those of Lampsilis, it would be considered a Quadrula. It is quite possibly an abnormality of Quadrula undulata (Bar.). Unfortunately nothing is known of the soft parts. Additional material is greatly to be desired. Family CYRENID. Genus CYRENA Lamarck, 1818. Section POLYMESODA Rafinesque, 1820. CYRENA ALABAMENSIS Clessin. Cyrena alabamensis Clessin, Con. Cab., Cycladeen, 109, Do Wil ql OW IEUL, figs. 3-4. Type locality: Alabama. CyRENA DONACIFORMIS Sowerby. Cyrena donaciformis Sowerby, Con. Icon., Cyrena, 1878, p. 108, pl. XIX, fig. 108. Type locality: Florida. Is foridana Con. according to von Martens (Zool. Rec., Molly 1877, p 81) and Dall (29; p. 1447). CYyRENA PROTEXTA Conrad. Cyrena proterta Conrad, Am. J. of Con., V, 1869, p. 107, pl. XII, fig. 3. Type locality: Tampa Bay, Fla. Is floridana Con. according to Tryon, (A. J. of C., V, 1870, p. 227) and Dall (29, p. 1447). 188 Bryant WALKER Family SPHA{RIIDZ. Sterki’s “Preliminary Catalog” (125, p. 429) has brought the subject down to July 1, 1910. ; For valuable papers on the anatomy, reproduction and growth of Spie- rium and Musculium, see Drew (36, p. 173) and Gilmore (46, p. 16). Genus SPHA.RIUM Scopoli, 1777. SPHARIUM LENTICULARE Sowerby. Spherium lenticularis Sowerby, Con. Icon., Spherium, Sp. 6, yh Thess: Type locality: ? SPIHLERIUM MAGNUM Sterki Mss. Spherum magnum “Sterki”, Springer, Pr. A. N.S. P., 1902, p. 513. This undescribed species is quoted from Arroyo Pecos, Las Vegas, N. M. (pleistocene) by Springer. SPHARIUM MEDIUM (Sowerby). Cyclas medium “Sowerby”, Richardson, Fauna Bor. Amer. III, 1836, p. 316. Type locality: Methy Lake, Athabaska. Probably never described, see Dall (32, p. 140). SPH4&RIUM RUGOSUM “Whitmore” Sowerby. Spherium rugosum “Whitmore” Sowerby, Con. Icon., Sphzrium, Sp. 16 youl, JUL, siegy, an66), Type locality: ? SPH-ERIUM STAGNICOLUM (Sowerby). Cyclas stagnicola “‘Sowerby” Richardson, Fauna Bor. Amer. III, 1836, p. 310. Type locality: Methy Lake, Athabaska. Probably never described, see Dall (32, p. 140). Genus MUSCULIUM Link, 1807. Musculium Link, Beschr. Rostock Samm I, 1807, p. 152. Calyculina Clessin, Mal. Blatt., XTX, 1871, p. 150. Primella Cooper, Pr. Cal. Acad. SG, (4), UL, mSoi, ws 82: MUSCULIUM COOPERIANUM (Prime) Mss. Spherium cooperianum Prime, Cat. Corbic., Am. J. of Con., V, 1860, p. 152. Type locality: Johnson’s Pass, Eldorado Co., Cal. Listed as a new species, but never described. Probably the young of M. raymondi according to Cooper (26, p. 81). CATALOGUE RECENTLY DESCRIBED MOLLUSCA 189 MuscuriuM ERRANS (Lewis). Cyclas errans Lewis, Ubi ? . Lewis (Pr. A. N.S. P., 1872, p. 105) says that he “proposed” this spe- cies a number of years before, but that Prime considered it a synonym of rosaceum. ‘That from further study, he is “induced” to reclaim his species. I have been unable to find any other reference to the species. Rens ETSMOMUI © iets: Toa The use of Corneocyclas Fer. for this genus proposed by Dall (30, p. 7 and 29, p. 1459) is disputed by Woodward (165, p. 367 and 166, p. 1) and has not been followed by Sterki (125, p. 473) and until the question has been definitely settled, it seems preferable to use the name that has been in common use for so many years. PISIDIUM BOREALE Westerlund. Pisidium boreale Westerlund, Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Forh., 1877, p. 70, fig. 23. Type locality: Lusino, Siberia. ? Port Clarence, Alaska. PrisipruM CALIFoRNICUM (Newcomb ?). Listed by Berry (Naut., XXIII, 1909, p. 79) from Bluff Lake, San Der- nardino Co., Cal. I have not been able to find any other reference to it. PISIDIUM COMPRESSUM LIMNICOLUM Sterk1. Pisidium compressum limnicolum Sterki, Naut., XIX, 1905, p. 81. Type locality: Fox River, Wis. PISIDIUM COMPRESSUM SMITHIT Sterki. Pisidium compressum smithii Sterki, Naut., XTX, 1905, p. 83. Type locality: Shoal Creek, Ala. PISIDIUM NOVEBORACENSE PROCLIVE Sterki. Pisidium noveboracense proclive Sterki, Naut. XIX, 1g06, p. 119. Type locality: New Philadelphia, O. PisworumM OBTUSALE C. Pfeiffer. This European species has been listed from near Lake James, Steuben Co., Ind. by Sterki (Naut., XVII, 1903, p. 43). Pistprum sierricum Westerlund. Pisidium sibiricum Westerlund Nachr. Blatt. Gess. 1876, p. 103; Clessin, Con. Cab., Cycladeen, 1877, p. 66, pl. VII, figs. 15-17. Type locality: Yenesei River, Siberia. ? Port Clarence, Alaska according to Dall (32, p. 144). Dall’s reference for this species in K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Forh. is erroneous. It should be Ds OO; nes 21, Net p: 70, fis. 23° 190 Bryant WALKER Family CYRENELLIDZ:. Genus CYRENELLA Deshayes, 1835. CyRENELLA FLORIDANA (Dall). Cyrenoida floridana Dall, Naut. X, 1896, p. 52; Pr. U. S. N. M. XXIII, TOON) Ob OA), alle MLN, ims, 7. Type locality not specified. Habitat: Brunswick, Ga., south to the Everglades on the east, and, on the west, north to Charlotte Harbor and vicinity. 18. 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Nautilus, XXIX, 1915, pp. 57-59. y Frierson, L. $., Observations on Unio cor. of Conrad. Naut., XXIX, 1916, pp. 102-104, Pl. III, figs. 1-2-3. Frierson, L. S., Observations on Unio giganteus Bar. Nautilus, XXX, 1916, pp. 61-64. GitmoreE, R. J., Notes on Reproduction and Growth in certain vivi- parous mussels of the family Sphzeride. Nautilus, XXXI, 1917, pp. 16-30, pl. IV-VI. Goopricu, Cavin, Lymnea auricularia L. in Ohio. Nautilus, XXV, WOW, (Oy 10%, GoopricH, CALVIN, Spring Collecting in Southwest Virginia. Naut- ilus, XX VII, 1913, pp. 81-82 and 91-95. GoopricH, CaLvin, Pleurocera subulare Lea. Nautilus, XXX, 1917, pp. 122-124. Haas, F., Bemerkungen tiber Snencler s Unionen. Kobenhaven Nath. Medd. , 65, 1913, pp. 51-60. Hannan, H., Exotic Vivipara in California. Nautilus, XXII, 1908, P- 33- HANNIBAL, Harotp, Further Notes on Asiatic Viviparus in Califor- nia. Nautilus, XXV, 1911, pp. 31-32. 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WALKER, Bryant, Apical Characters in Somatogyrus, with Deserip- tions of Three New Species. Nautilus, XXIX, 1915, pp. 37-41; — 3- 157. WALKER, BRYANT, Unio Viridis Con. Nautilus, XXIX, 1915, pp. 74-78. 158. WALKER, Bryant, The Rafinesque-Poulson Unios. Nautilus, XXX, 1916, pp. 43-47. 159. Waker, Bryant, Pleurobema Lewisii (Lea). Nautilus, XXX, 1916, pp. 114-116. 160. WALKER, BRYANT, Revision of the Classification of the North Amer- ican Patelliform Ancylide. Nautilus, XX XI, 1917, pp. I-Io. 161. WALKER, BryANT, The Type of Pleurocera Rafinesque. Occ. Papers, MitssZools Us ote Nos 28, lolz. pps ilo: 162. WALKER, Bryant, Notes on North American Naiades, J. Occ. Pa- pers, Mus. Zool., U. of M., No. 49, 1918, pp. 1-6. 163. WESTERLUND, C. A., Fauna der in der Palaarctischen Region, etc. Vol. I-III and Supp., 1886-1890. 164. WetTHErBy, A. C., Review of the Genus Tulotoma, etc. Q. J. Con., I, 1876, pp. 207-215. 165. Woopwarp, B. B., List of British Non-marine Mollusca. J. Con., X, 1903, pp. 352-367. 166. Woopwarp, RB. B., Catalogue of the British Species of Pisiditim, 1913, pp. 1-144. 167. Wricut, B. H., Note on Spherium Cubense Pme. Nautilus, ITT, 1880, p. 10. 168.. Wricut, S. H. and B. H., Notes on the Unionide of Florida. Con. Bp, Il, Sissy, Ds ue ADDENDA Genus IO Lea, p. 149. lor an elaborate paper on “The Variations and Ecoolgical Distribution of the Snails of the Genus Io” by Charles C. Adams, see, Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, XII, 1915, Part II, Second Memoir. ‘The following “races and forms” are recognized and described :— NAME. PAGE. TYPE LOCALITY. Powellensis'‘C. C. Ads. Tle Powell R., Olinger, Va. Clinchensis C. C. Ads. 11. Clinch R., Cleveland, Va. Fluzialis Say. tr. N. Fork, Holston R., Saltville, Va. Verrucosa Rve. 12. §. Fork, Holston R., Bluff City, Tenn. Lyttonensis C. C. Ads. 12. Powell R., Pennington Gap, Va. Paulensis C. C. Ads. (2ee ee Gliache Res Steal evar Recta Rve. 12. Holston R., Kingsport, Tenn. Brevis Anth. 12. Clinch R., Kyle Ford, Tenn. Spinosa Lea. 13. Holston R., Morristown, Tenn. Unakensis C. C; Ads.” 13. Nolichucky R., Conkling, Tenn. Nolichuckyensis C. C. Ads. 13. Nolichucky R., White Pine, Tenn. Angitremoides C. C. Ads. m4... Tennessee R., ooney’s Id., Knox- ville, Tenn. Loudonensis C. C. Ads. 14. ‘Tennessee R., Loudon, Tenn. ‘Turrita Anth. 14. ‘Tennessee R., Bellefonte, Tenn. Genus STROPHITUS Rafinesque, p. 56. Add :— Section JUGOSUS Simpson, 1914. Shell with the dorsal slope strongly subradially plicate; teeth unusually strong. Type: S. wrightianus Walker. Genus SPHA‘RIUM Scopoli, p. 188. In his “Preliminary Catalog of the North American Spheriide (125. p. 472) Sterki recognizes three subgenera, but they are not so defined as to be included in the systematic portion of this paper. They are :— Spheriastrum Bourguignat. Type: S. rivicolum (Leach). Cyrenastrum Bourguignat. Type: S. solidum Normand. Corneola Clessin. Type: S. corneum (Linné). The first is not represented in our fauna. 200 BRYANT WALKER As Tellina cornea L. is the type of the genus Spherium, Corneola Cless. is equivalent to Spherium s. s. and is entirely superfluous. Subject to this amendment, his arrangement is the same as that proposed by Dall (30, p. 7) in 1903. Genus PISIDIUM C. Pfeiffer, p. 189. Dall (1. c.) has proposed the following arrangement for Corneocyclas (Pisidium). Genus CORNEOCYCLAS Ferussac, 1818. Subgenus Corneocyclas s. s. Section Corneocyclas s.-s. Type: C. pusilla Gmelin. : Section Phymesoda Rafinesque. Type: Tellina virginica Gmelin. Section Pisidium C. Pfeiffer, 1821. Type: Tellina: amnica Miiller. Section Cyclocalyx Dall, 1902. Type: Pisidium scholtsi Clessin. Subgenus Cymatocyclas Dall, 1903. Type: Pisidium compressum Prime. Subgenus Tropidocyclas Dall, 1903. ‘Type: Pisidium henslowianum Sheppard. Only the typical species are mentioned and no attempt is made to dis- tribute the North American species among the different groups. Sterki (1. c.) tentatively and without definition proposes the following “groups” :— Fluminina Clessin, 18709. Type: P. amnicum (Mill). This is equivalent to Pisidium s. s. and therefore unnecessary. Lacustrina Sterki, 1916. Type: P. idahoense Roper. . Rivulina (Clessin, 1879) Sterki. Type: P. supinum A. Schmidt. Fontinalina Sterki, 1916. Type: P. fontinale Pfr. Fossarina Clessin, 1879 (restricted).. Type: P. obtusale Pfr. PLEUROCERA, p. 151. PLEUROCERA KNOXENSE (Lea). According to Tryon (134, p. 427) this name will take the place of P. modestum (Lea), 1862, because Jo modesta Lea, 1861, is also a Pleurocera. This, of course, is conditional upon the latter proving to be a valid species. PLEUROCERA PARKERI Tryon. This name has been proposed by Tryon (134, p. 427) for Trypanostoma tortum Lea (Ibid, p. 84), 1862, on the ground that Melania torta (Ibid, p. 117), 1845, has priority, being also a Pleurocera. INDEX PN elilaeold al dense 5 2 ste oes tevetonabtin Srol tes era 6, 8 ENCTOVORUS)) MB CCK peers, costs ayarnietiushe robs ieihs ous soe 118 JNesha@roeversy (C5 gyal 19, Gooaqnanconvoneds 66, 75 Acutal (bletinocera)) Rate smaceae ees. 36, I51 Acutifilosa (Goniobasis) Stearns ........ 154 Acutifilosa siskiyouensis Pils. ........... 154 Acutifilosa (Melania) Stearns ........... 154 Acutissima (Amnicola) Frfld. .......... 137 Acutissima (Hydrobia) Frfld. .......... 137 Acutissima (Paludestrina) Frfild. ....... 137 Acutocarinata (Melania) Lea ........... 149 Acutum (Cyclostoma) Drap. ........... 29 Adusta (Goniobasis) Anth. ............. 157 /Equicostata (Bythinella) Pils. .......... 137 /Equicostata (Paludestrina) Pils. ........ 137 Esopus (Pleurobema) Green ........... 171 /fsopus (Unio) Green ............... 50, 171 Adhinem (Plewnocera)) Weal seiccenems ccc. one I51 Affine (Trypanostoma) Lea ............ 151 Alabamensis (Amphigyra) Pils. ...... 225 ti23) Alabamensis (Cyrena) Cless. .......... 187 Alabamensis (Planorbis) Pils. ........ 95, 98 Alabamensis avus (Planorbis) Pils. ...... 95 NIETO DSHS Wo WII, Soooadosodecanddoauc 106 Alasmidonta Say ........ Fae ean 56, 62, 178 eAlasminotals Orta screenees 5 os 59, 61, 177 Alasmodontina (Complanaria) Stimp. ... 177 Milataye eampsilis) Sayaas--iesice seine 180 JN - CUii@)” Seay beocceackeucuccds 72, 177 Albanyensis (Goniobasis) Lea .......... 154 Albofilata (Physa) Ancey ........ a cH, NO Albus (Planorbis) Mull. ......... 13, 94, 100 Aldrichi (Bythinella) C. and B. ........ 137 Aldrichi- (Paludestrina) C. and B. ...... 137 Aldrichi (Somatogyrus) Walk. ......... 142 Altiliss 1@Mielania)) -ieal vay weeciss sectarian 33 Altipetum (Pleurocera) Anth. .......... I51 Altonensis (Physa) Lea ............ 106, 110 Altus (Ancylus) Tryon ................ 117 INES, (LEGS) ANAVOMl GooncnoocdsedgocoooN 117 Alveare (Pleurocera) Con. .....,........ I51 Ambigua (Alasmodonta) Say .......... 64, 178 ANN ISoe, IRAE 5 poco on osde SOcADs Aoi UFO, Wz Ammbloxisyvaihs, se, sssusrsts- 0% nus Liners ae eo 39, 84 IDFrOTAS (CUNO) IKE soodocccc0gnc0acd5es 68 Dromus* (‘Simp ys soccer eee 65, 68 Dupontie (Cyrenoidea) Joan. ........... 88 Duryi (Planorbis) Weth. :.............. 99 Duryi intercalaris (Planorbis) Pils. ...... 99 Dysnomiay (Aig. Ts sn sees eee eee 80, 82, 186 Ebenus (Quadrula) Lea ................ 167 Edentulus (Strophitus) Say .......... 56, 176 Edentulus shefferianus (Strophitus) Lea . 176 Edgarianum (Pleurobema) Lea ......... 172 Effusa (Pompholyx) Lea ............. 14, 105 Elation (Ancylus) Anthea eee eee 122 Elatior (Rhodacmea) Anth. ............. 122 Elegans (Amygdalonaias) Lea .......... 70. Elegans (Plagiola) Lea ............... 70, 179 Elegans elegantopsis (Unio) DeG. ...... 179 Elegans magnelegans (Unio) DeG. ..... 179 Elevatum (Pleurocera) Say ............ 152 Elevatus (Planorbis) C. B. Ads. ......... 98 Bibbemvey Iels gyal AG VAG, Goocoogccocs50cce 149 Elliotti! (GEioplax)) Lea 23.22 .2.-2-- 404-6: 129 EllipsariaARabie wists seuss aie ss eyolere om meee 177 Ellipsaria (Obliquaria) Raf. ............ 179 Ellipsiformis (Lampsilis) Con. ...... 181, 185 Ellipsis (Obovaria) Lea ............:... 180 IDM HSS CUNO) ILGEY Gooacccnocndsbooucne eS Elliptica (Physa) Lea A ee ARN oe AA Nre davtan aye 106, 108, 109, I10, I12, I15 Elliptica minor (Physa) Crand. .......... 110 JDM bh, (UO) IRE, Glooguccoscnnccooan 172 Elliptio; MRatsy si nvhecasn nce ee ee ZG Bit, BA Elongata@ahysa) sayacceee ences 116 Elongata arctica (Physa) Cless. ......... 116 Elongatina (Physa) Lewis .............. 116 Emarginata (Amnicola) Kust. ......... Bs © Emarginata (Paludina) Kust. ........... 136 Emeryensis (Goniobasis) Lea ........... 157 pioblasmay Rat soc eee 186 irranses(Gy.clas) muewisine ener 189 Errans (Musculium) Lewis ............. 189 Erythropoma (Fluminicola) Pils. ........ 141 Estabrookianum (Pleurobema) Lea ...... 172 Etowahensis (Goniobasis) Lea .......... I55 Eucosmius (Planorbis) Bartsch ......... 99 Eucosmius vaughani (Planorbis) Bartsch . 99 Eugraptus (Ancylus) Pils. ............. 120 Eulamellibranchia ...................- 39, 165 pM Upera, BEES aise dai sie wiareteya ene ees Orayemeee 85, 87 Werapecslom ILE goososunsoncooeone 34, 36, 149 Euny nia Rae 2). Gisims cic erecta 66, 76, 77 Buthy mera 50:65 oeieie s/s sche Ms hueteneiotees 5, 93 Exacutus (Planorbis) Say .............. 99 Exacutus rubellus (Planorbis) Sterki ... 102 Exacuous (Planorbis) Say ............. - 99 INDEX 205 Exacuous megas (Planorbis) Dall ....... 99 Excavata (lampsilis)) Wea \sv,ss-+.s---- 184 Excavatus (Somatogyrus) Walk. ........ 144 Excentrica (Ferrissia) Mor.............. 120 Excentricus (Ancylus) Mor. ............ I20 laswcouene, (Mieleyaizy) Cis so 5coocpoaacos 153 ldsoegeey (UMiglkamey) Com, gosqcconecugoood 138 Idole (GPaikebiam)) Jatin, Soap oanccoscudoe 129 Eximium (Pleurocera) Anth. ........... 152 Fabalis (Micromya) Lea ..............- 185 IApAINS \CUiN@)) ILER Gscadcouccoondnceuda 78 Fabula (Margaritana) Lea .............. 63 Fallaciosa (Lampsilis) Smith ........... 181 Agee: (lUimo@) Iehi, Soocoococc0ccbDUGS 182 Fasciola (Lampsilis) Raf. .............. ps2 Fasciolaris (Obliquaria) Raf. ........ 178, 179 Fassinans (Pleurobema) Lea ........ 172, 19733 Fassinans rhomboidea (Pleurobema) Simp. 2 OAC Ae SCI RENN Sea ORR Roa Rae 172, 173 Febigeri (Physa) Lea .................. 110 Fecunda (Melantho) Lewis .......... 127, 128 emngse, \WWeiller Soogcacncucd0eues 18, 19, 118 Iemmgsime Welker sooggoacaceocds 17, 18, 118 Ferruginea (Amnicola) Calk. ........ 133, 134 ’ Ferussaciana (Anodonta) Lea .......... 57 Ferussaciana incertopsis (Anodonta) DeG. 177 Ferussacianus (Anodontoides) Lea ...... 177 Filocinctus. (Planorbis) P. and F. ....... 96 Filosa (Rhodacmea) Con. ........... 118, 122 Filosus (Acroloxus) Con. .............. 122° Filosus (Ancylus) Con. .............. 21, 122 Filosus (Ancylus) Walk. ............... 122 Iisa, Ikeyside oooedooucc00d0 So oN gy mS, seine) Flava (Obliquaria) Raf. ............ “.... 169 Flexuosa (Obliquaria) Raf. ............. 185 Flexuosa bullata (Obliquaria) Raf. ...... 169 Floridana (Amnicola) Frfld. ........... 333 Floridana convexa (Amnicola) Pils. 134 inom (Cypreme) (OMS Séccacccsccocec 187 Floridana (Cyrenella) Dall .......... 88, 190 Floridana (Cyrenoidea) Dall .......... 190 Floridense (Campeloma) Call ....... 127, 128 Floridensis (Goniobasis) Rve. «.......... 155 Hlumuinicolay Stimpy seer Bilin By seAlse iNkrmoine, (Clessil) scossccoubocdgeade0u0s 200 Fluvialis (Fusus) Say ............... 35, 149 iniinimeiks Cie) Seay Gooucaccocedascoc0nuas 199 Foliata (Truncilla) Hild. ........... 185, 186 Weihianee Cray) ISbiGl, osoacaososogcccas0e 82 Foliopsis (Anodonta) DeG. ............. 176 Fontanus (Planorbis) Light. .......... 12, 94 orarhnaibiae, Suerlist 6 66 6g6n0b0cu00n0000005 200 Dormmacins (BRE)) Ibo oodosocnnob bn 9050s 16 Fontinalis (Lithoglyphus) Frfld. ........ 144 Fontinalis (Paludina) Phil. ......... 144, 145 Poimsiaaes CPE) Ibs osoocboacondg0d0cn 106 Fontinalis (Pisidium) Pfr. ............. 200 Forsheyi (Physa) Lea .............. II0, 116 open, CHESIA congooogdouodcuncGesoaL 200 Fragilis (Ancylus) Tryon .............. 20 Fragilis (Ferrissia) Tryon ........... 118, 119 Fragilis (Lasmonos) Raf. ........... 180, 182 nea (Ceimicey) Wii, Soogco0g0n0ned0 ILO levis CUba@)) RNs eh ooganandoooKe 80, 182 Fraterna (Goniobasis) Lea ........:.... 158 Friersoni (Quadrula) B. H. Wr. ........ 167 Fusca (Ferrissia) C. B. Ads. ............ 120 Fusca eugrapta (Ferrissia) Pils. ......... 120: Fusca (Fluminicola) Hald. ............. 141 Fusca minor (Fluminicola) Stearns ...... 141 IDEAS (CUisi@)) ILA Goonoooanosuucdoade 175, INvGeoMENE Sie), Soaneccouuncoccdds 42, 48, 171 Fuscus (Ancylus) C. B. Ads. ........ 19, 120: Fuscus eugraptus (Ancylus) Walk. ...... 120 GalbarsSchrenks gases ce tenes 6, 8 Gastropoday ka cance acess ce EE 5 Gaudichaudii (Littoridina) Soul. ........ “30 Geniculata (Anculosa) Hald. ........... 149: Geniculata (Lithasia) Hald. ..... eS mee 35 Geniculum (Campeloma) Con. .......... 127 Georgiana altior (Vivipara) Pils. ........ 125, Georgiana fasciata (Vivipara) Tryon .... 125 Georgiana limnothauma (Vivipara) Pils. . 125 Georgianus (Somatogyrus) Walk. Hajstnenine 144 Georgianus (Viviparus) Lea ............. 125 Georgianus altior (Viviparus) Pils. ...... 125 Georgianus fasciatus (Viviparus) Tryon .. 125 Georgianus limnothaumus (Viviparus) Pils. 125 Gesneri (Goniobasis) Lea ............... 15 Gibbam@Vclantho)s Cirrseneee eee 129 Gibbosa (Amblema) Raf. ............... 186 Gibbostsm (Wino) mbar eer cee seine aie 175 Giganteus) @Uinto) = Barseeeeeeeoconenncr. 167 GilltasGStimpyus daseeerse ere ce. Bin BOQ, wie Glabra (Physa) -DeKay ................. 116.. Glabratus (Planorbis) Say ....... 99, 101, 103 Glandulum (Pleurocera) Anth. ...... 152, 154 Glans (Carunculina) Lea ............ 180, 181 Glauca (Goniobasis) Anth. .............. 158 Glebwlaw (Con: cos weenie ae co aaecas 65, 70 Globosa (Ampullaria) Sw. .............. 12 GonideaiConemiaacenies eee AP, Bila FS Gonrebasisipleameneeeenicneeies 34, 36, 149, 154 Gouldiana (Goniobasis) Lea ............. 158 Gracilentus (Planorbis) Gld. ............ 100 Gracilis (Lampsilis) Bar. ............... 182 Gracilism@Uni0) Barer eianmrio seein 73, 1&0 Gradatum (Pleurocera) Anth. .......... 152 Granags@baludina) ea Sayaesaeeenss cereeeieee 147 Granatoides (Goniobasis) Lea ........... 158 Grandis (Anodonta) Say ................ 176 Granum (Amnicola) W. G. Binn. ........ 147 Grantimis (ayo gyt1s) i Saya eee eerie 147 Grosvernori (Physa) Lea ....... 108, I10, 113 Guindlachraebshrereeeeriece eit re 18, 19, 20, 121 Gwatkiniana (Rhodacmea) Walk. ........ 122 GyaanlusmeAgassize slants lene citer 10, 12, 94. Crip, (eich) SEM Soadahoodascosouc00n orate LO LOG LOST ieee nse Aen: Gyrotoma Shuttise scree 34, 37, 149, 162 Haldemani (Ancylus) Bgt. ............. T19 Fal demain (hentissia)) met ceeerle terete 119 Haldemani (Lymnza) W. G. Binn. ...... iy Haldemani (Planorbis) C. B. Ads. .... 102 Haldemani (Planorbis) Dkr. ............ 102 Haldemaniana (Vivipara) “Shutt.” Frfld. 125 Haldemanianus (Viviparus) “Shutt.’ Frfld. 125 206 INDEX luiisicnnanunoel IDEN Goon ecooonneooeodo bod 105 Haleanus (Viviparus) Lea .............. 125 Hailes @ehysayie bea. eters cisisuncusievel tery steviaseie III Hallenbeckii (Goniobasis) Lea .......... 155 sion (Gieyamrdois)) Ik, ossscosacucoos0c 102 Harperi (Amnicola) Dall ............... 134 Harpethensis (Anculosa) Pils. .......... 163 Hartmaniana (Strephobasis) Lea ........ 154 Hatcheri (Littoridina) Pils. ............ 30 Hatttenias Rolly teen oer er 33, 147 Havanensis (Planorbis) Pfr. ............ 100 Havanensis (Segmentina) Pils. .......... 100 islennan (APE) ILE cGobaoasncdocose IIO, III ieathellasetannibalier rier ieee ieee 141 Hielisomat Siwy swucca hersporieraceoniaels 10, II, 94 Iniermilagienm SiN. sooconoecucaoeoccno0c 178 Hemispherica (Ferrissia) Walk. ........ 120 Hemisphericus (Ancylus) Walk. ........ 120 Hemistenay Naty arate r iether Rae 175 Hemphilli (Bythinella) Pils. ........... 137 Hemphilli (Paludestrina) Pils. .......... 137 Hendersoni (Ancylus) Walk. ........... 1 Hendersoni (Ferrissia) Walk. .......... 119 Hendersoni (Somatogyrus) Walk. ....... 144 Henslowianum (Pisidium) Shepp. ....... 200 InIGr@s (ONEUICE)) “SERY cocooscoccandcceucs 123 lEigros, (Owmelaniny) Seay scccocaocancoddoc 167 laleices (Uijan@) See gaondacseougucceous 46, 171 Hesrone! "dt@rby 23... .- LATS ee ae 174 Hieterodorn= @Uinio) Weal neasa see eaere ce 63, 178 Heterostropha (Physa) Say ............. AivelolaO ea coc concen 16, 107, 108, 109, III, 113 Heterostropha alba (Physa) Crand. ..111, 115 Heterostropha peninsule (Physa) Fils. .. 109 Hildrethiana (Physa) Lea ........... I10, 113 Hinkleyi (Ancylus) Walk. .............. 122 Hinkleyi (Gundlachia) Walk. ........... 20 Hinkleyi (Pomatiopsis) Pils. ............ 148 Hinkleyi (Rhodacmea) Walk. ........... 122 Hinkleyi (Somatogyrus) Walk. ......... 144 ippeutismencassizi erste sine irene 10, 12, 94! Hippopzeus @Umio) leases ceils 168 Hirsutus (Planorbis) Gld. ........ 13, 98, 100 Hirsutus borealis (Planorbis) West. ..... 100 Hjalmarsoni (Gundlachia) Pfr. ......... 121 Holstonia (Margaritana) Lea ........ 61, 177 oratiaie cts ierctasenete tem keciritme vara 33, 147 Hordacea (Aplexa) Lea ................ 116 Hiordaceay (Bhysa)) Wealns i: snr cr ee oe 116 Horni (Planorbis) Tryon ............ 100, 104 Humeralis californica (Valvata) Pils. .... 130 Humerosa (Physa) Gld. ....16, 109, 111, 115 Humerosus (Somatogyrus) Walk. ....... 144 Humilis (Lymneza) Say ................. 9 Hypnorum (Aplexa) L. ............. 114, 116 Hypnorum arctica (Aplexa) Cless. ...... 116 Hypnorum glabra (Aplexa) DeKay ...... 116 Hypnorum tryoni (Aplexa) Curr. ....... 116 Hiypnorum- (Bulla) Ee 2. eee ee ee 16 Idahoense (Pisidium) Roper .......... ++ 200 lghiononm, INS. GoccoocbeaccHenonocooc0as 126 Imbecillis (Anodonta) Say ............. 176 Imitator (Paludestrina) Pils. ........... 138 Ibe CUM) IGS soccoss5ccnuco5e 179 Incrassata (Paludina) Lea .............. 128 Indianensis (Goniobasis) Pils. .......... 158 Inosculata (Goniobasis) Tryon .......... 159 Integer (Lithoglyphus) Frfld. ......... a AA Integer (Somatogyrus) Say .:........... 144 Integra (Physa) Hald. ......... 108, III, 112 Integrum (Campeloma) Say ...... 25) l27e bes Integrum obesum (Campeloma) Lewis.127, 128 Intensum (Pleurocera) Rve. ............ 151 Intercalaris (Planorbis) Rhoads .......... 99 Intermedia (Bythinella) Tryon .......... 138 Intermedia (Pomatiopsis) Tryon ........ 138 Intermedia (Quadrula) Con. ............ 167 Interrupta (Obliquaria) Raf. ............ 186 Intertextus (Planorbis) Sby. ........... 100 Intertextus (Viviparus) Say .......... 24, 125 To Mea APA perme acer 34, 35, 149, 199 Ibeies (dimayioiey) IOS Gopcaccoganccos nec 78 Ime CLesaynsiligy IL soogcnuccacoscoscuns 182 Irrorata (Cyprogenia) Lea ............. 179 Irroratus) (Unio) Wea ....--..-.s556 ao Isogona (Melania) Say ................. 145 Japonica (Paludina) Wood ............. 126 Japonicus (Viviparus) Mts. ............. 126 Jayanum (Musculium) Pme. ............ 87 Jenksii (Planorbis) H. F. Carp. ......... 100 Johnsoni (Amnicola) Pils. .............. 134 [MYON WSyhnhy) Gasoodndoodoadcooodcuucsc 199 KoncardellassEantieeseeieerier ieee 19, 20, I21 Kingi @iymnea) Meek ..........-.--5.- 9 Kirklandi (Ancylus) Walk. ............. 120 Kirklandi (Ferrissia) Walk. ............ 120° Kirtlandiana (Quadrula) Lea ........... 167 Klamathensis (Lanx) Hann. ......... 18, 118 Klecakiana (Horatia) Bet. .............. 33 Knoxense (Pleurocera) Lea ............ 200 Kootaniensis (Ancylus) Bd. ............ 117 Kootaniensis (Lanx) Bd. ..............5 117 Labiatum (Pleurocera) Lea ............. I51 Lachrymosa (Quadrula) Lea ............ 167 Lachrymosus (Unio) Lea ........... Sean een ZZ Lachrymosa contraryensis (Quadrula) Utt. 167 acustrinay Stenkiemcce me seen neice neeenecOO Lacustris (Nautilus) Light. ............. 13 acustris (@ellina)) Mulls... 2.2... see ae 87 Wevapess Walks ss serene oie 19, 120 Levigata (Goniobasis) Lea .............. 158 Levigata (Melania) Lam. .............. 158 amellibranchiauaee eerie er itn tetera 39, 165 iDeronoeviliings ORES oococncoodcooccns 42, 64, 178 Wampsilaswateameiewisreeroir rai ao cre 66, 78, 180 Lanceolatus blandus (Unio) DeG. ...... 179 Lancides (Fisherola) Hann. .......... 18, 118 Wancinzeyblaninveeacmeieuelai een eke gfe, 18g TeamxraGlesse. v.lviartecstenstroieuena ose pei eenaieeets Wy UY Lapidaria (Cyclostoma) Say ............ 34 Lapidaria (Pomatiopsis) Say ............ 143 Laqueata (Goniobasis) Say ............. 158 WWWasniiona ate erenelnsine se 55, 59, 60, 177 ILARINO MOR IRAiiG Sooncadcoadcenosono0ac 180, 182 Gastena Rak hsnee an aoe eee 4gh saat ILE (CAbia@yalonatie) INES 6 Soacccvensooccc] 54 INDEX 2C7 Weata-(Bastera)) Rati ccs seccnile cen cee 175 Bustriea .(CAmmicola)) brs, ©) tes scree + oe 134 ata 2€Physa)iebryom secession sees cee III Bustrica \Gealudina) Saye s.deeenieine a aes 148 Lateralis (Obliquaria) Raf. ............ 167 -Lustrica (Pomatiopsis) W. G. Binn. 148 Katissimas (Unio) Rabi. veers se] rs 184 Luteocella (Goniobasis) Lea ............ 159 Lautus (Planorbis) H. and A. Ads. ..... 104 MEAS only aleroy (0 Fe pam ay ek ear Inet ts Cer ah Sri eo 5, 93 Lawrencei (Goniobasis) Lea ............ 158 Tey mares Leas ties eran ioe cers eee: SO OR Leana (Pompholyx) H. and A. Ads. .... 105 ILARoy-aigelot oes by CE esas Goto bicdtomamcore 279 33 Leai (Goniobasis) Tryon ............... 162 Eyogyrusy Gillin sacirdne ao oes 33 Dea Me Sk ebh A Ay Hea oy PO HO ge ee OA So BNE TOO. eT Wma be yeh he ey i utaenhar ey Cie Pent Fole A ete MEN BEN Geaiioate ge athe ghia Na eee eae how SARA By MAM MED eRe Ae HAS Hid gta tfeas NoMa fie gle Menthe a nae A eS ab gle gy bef Wood Eve obe PSI. WB ky Oe ee ra ow AN east r oh bis elves} ob AyeiCeniead We mins Wile) die) VW We AEM SWE. 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