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Fis THE
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ee DS

SYRPHID.E OF THE ETHIOPIAN REGION

BASED ON
MATERIAL IN THE COLLECTION
OF THE
BRITISH ‘MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY),
es ;

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW eet AND SPECIES.
; INSEEF,,

~

48215 I.

Proressor Mz ARIO Bia Al.

A,

LONDON:

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE
? BRITISH MUSEUM.
SOLD BY

LONGMANS, GREEN & Co., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.C.;
B. QUARITCH, 11 GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W ;
DULAU & Co., Lrp., 37 SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W.;
THE MIDLAND EDUCATIONAL Co,, Lrp., CORPORATION STREET, BIRMINGHAM ;
AND AT THE
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) CROMWELL ROAD, S.W.

1915

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,

PREFACE,

Tue present work by Prof. Mario Bezzi, which gives an
account of the African Diptera of the family Syrphidee, and
which greatly advances our knowledge of those insects, has
only been made possible by the richness and completeness
of the collections submitted to him for examination, by the
Imperial Bureau of Entomology. These collections are now
in the British Museum (Natural History), to which they
have been presented by the Imperial Bureau, and have added
very considerably to the importance and value of the

collection of Syrphidze already there.

The thanks of the Trustees are due to Mr. Guy A. Kk.
Marshall, Director of the Imperial Bureau, for the care with
which he had revised the greater part of the MS. for the
press. Mr. E. E. Austen and Mr. F. W. Edwards have also
rendered assistance in correcting proofs and in other ways in
which their special knowledge of the Diptera has been of

great advantage.
CHARLES J. GAHAN.

British Mustum (Natura Hisrory),
March 1915,

aA TET .

\

ms sori Wetily Jixsetl oinall Jtor'l ad drow ining ant
bas shidqrrS vial alt Vo isiqil aailA oli To innedn
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wonstolgawe bin eeanitoir lt gd olfiaaog shane uvad -giae
adi vl -noieninnazs tol arid of bot)iondive eaoiinallon oi To
von ain anotoslios ell seyntonetatl to ree fieragenl
godt iste of croteill leita) mall dettivfl ont ad
‘beabhe oved bes evil letroqeal oli ed hetaaaeq noo! ovat
wh Vo onlee bon aureroyat wht ot vldwebienes, yey

viel) ghierdtiy nb ident ‘lw anttiestlos

AA a) aM wh onl om seater at To edoads off
Din vue okt pee’ laroeqnl alt tu votewi Maken
vft vat 4M lt to tvey tote adi faerret bad od donkey
ele oil alee AT aM bes oie A 2 seeng
nieve vuihte coh Tomy oitioerie ot soneddleen heaniiies
Yer veal onpl porary yt alt Ve subslrond lasing yea? sheyiihy
ngateay bir Insc

AeA cd cle ALA)

Loevervar tL tar aA aMeale teen
Tf) dale

The Syrphide of the Ethiopian Region.

INTRODUCTION.

THe extensive collection of Ethiopian Syrphidxz, sent me for study
from the Imperial Bureau of Entomology, enables us to obtain a
better idea than has hitherto been possible of the Syrphid fauna of
this Region.

The Syrphide forma very large family, numbering about 2300
described species *, which are to be found in all parts of the world ;
from the Ethiopian Region, however, comparatively few species
are known. The number hitherto recorded from this Region is
only 189, to which, in the present contribution, are added 60 new
forms, thus bringing the whole number of the species at present
known up to 249. A catalogue of these is appended (pp. 3-5).

A striking characteristic of the Ethiopian Syrphid fauna is the
complete absence of Pipiza and allied genera, and also of Platy-
chirus and Chilosia, two genera which are abundantly represented
in the Palearctic Region. The Mediterranean genus JJerodon is
scarcely to be found, while ylota, Milesia, Chrysotoxum, and
their allies are also very poorly represented or entirely wanting.
Very notable is the almost complete absence of the genus Volucella,
which has only a single little-known species, although a second one
has been introduced from Tropical America.

* In Kertész’s ‘ Catalogus Dipterorum,’ vol. vii. (1910), 123 genera and
2162 species are recorded as known at the end of the year 1907.

B

2 INTRODUCTION.

A special feature of the Region is the richness and variety of
the genera Asarcina, Graptomyza, Syritta, and Eumerus ; there
are also many peculiar forms of Microdon. But the most prominent
character is to be found in the great development of the forms
of the Hristalis-group. The genus Protylocera is exclusively
Ethiopian*, and the genera Phytomia (Megaspis), Simotdes, Lathy-
rophthalmus, and Eristalodes are very rich in characteristic species.
The genus Helophilus is almost entirely restricted to the subgenera
Mesembrius and Prionotomyia.

In the following pages descriptions of the new genera and new
species are given, together with tables of all the genera and species
represented in the collection and remarks on the previously described
forms.

I have to thank Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall, the Director of the
Imperial Bureau of Entomology, for having placed at my disposal
such an important collection of Ethiopian Syrphidz, which is
without any doubt the most extensive yet brought together.

* The South-American Eristalis nigripennis, Macquart, which, according
to Dr. Speiser (Jahrbiich, d. Nassauisch. Ver. f. Naturk. i. Wiesbaden, Ixvi.
1913, p. 122), belongs to Protylocera, is really a true Hristalis.

Hs
2.
3.

5.

15.
16.

La

INTRODUCTION, 3

Bist-OR- THE. KNOWN

ETHIOPIAN

SYRPHIDA.

SYRPHINZ.

Paragus longiventris, Loew.
serratus, Fabr.
borbonicus, Macq.

antimenes, Walk.

latecinctus, Big.

latus, Walk.

nudipennis, Loew.
marshalli, sp. n.
dolichocerus, sp. n.
tibialis, Fall.

var. substitutus, Leer.

var. heemorrhous, Meig.

”

or

var. trianguliferus, Zett.
. Chrysogaster (Orthoneura) poecilops,
sp. n.
3 » pocilophthalma,
Bezx. |
i 5, Spiloptera, sp.n. |

» levigata, sp. n.
MET ndetome bituberculatum, Loew.
bituberculatum, Ad.
Pr floripeta, Speis.
a sealare, Fabr.
os annulipes, Macq.
var. automenes, Walk.

var. annulatum, big.
ar. pyropheenoides,
Speis.
var, mauritianum, Big.
var. gymnocerum, Big.
infuscatum, Beck.
alticola, Speis.
Asarcilal ericetorum, Fab.
salvie, Fabr.
var. gemmata, var. n.
var, usambarensis, Bezzi.
var. punctifrons, Aust.
var. albifacies, var. n.
var. africana, Bezzi.
minor, sp. n.
amoena, Aust.
fiorii, Bezzt.
eremophila, Loew.
rostrata, Wied.
hirsuticeps, sp. n.
angustata, Bech.
5, Lasiopticus pyrastri, DL.
. Syrphus capensis, Wied.
euteeniatus, sp. 1.
inflaticornis, sp. n.

”

”

”?

29. Syrphus adligatus, Wied.
var. tricolor, Walk.

var. melas, var. nu.
30. 5s intersectus, Wied.
31. ‘ claripennis, Loew.
32. os hirticeps, Loew.
33. - cognatus, Loew.
34. ‘ trisectus, Loew.
35. redivivus, sp. n.
36. : schultzianus, Bezzi.
3576 A few, Bezz1.
38. einctifacies, Speis.
39. SphsrophOria rippellii, Wied.

quadrituberculata, sp. n.
fice Xanthogramime, eoyptium, Wied.
brachypierum, Thoms,
feliz, Walk.
fuscotibiale, Macq.
longicorme, Macq.
natalense, Macq.

42. FA senegalense, Gwér.
43, He pyrrhurum, Big.
44, 3 incertum, Wied.
45. ce bifasciatum, Macq.
46. 3 borbonicum, Big.
47. a rotundicorne, Loew.
48. Be dentatum, Walk.
49. a pfeifferi, Big.

50. oa calopus, Loew.

51. notogramma, Bezzi.
52.

Ocy ptamus rotundiceps, Loew.
pedunculatus, Big.

Baccha conifrons, sp. n.
ichneumonea, sp. n.
picta, Wied.

vittata, Wied.

var. Superpicta, var. n

Dide 3 euryptera, Bezzt.

53:
54.
he 2
See

58. grahami, sp. n.
59. helva, sp. n.
60. neavel, sp. n.
61. > extranea, sp. n.
62. ne marginata, sp. n.
63. >» sapphirina, Wied.
flavicornis, Loew.
punctum, Big.
64. » preeusta, sp. n.
65. » ¢laripennis, Loew.
66. » brevis, Karsch.
67. Rhingia lutea, sp. n.

68. meeyana, Speirs.

B 2

4 INTRODUCTION.

69. Khingia semicerulea, Aust.
70.

+ pellucens, sp. n.
(fe ae cerulescens, Loew.
var. fuscipes, var. n
72. = ceerulea, Bezzi.
73. as pycnosoma, sp. n.
74. = cyanoprora, Speis.
75. . pulcherrima, Bezzt.
; :
fi ; orthoneurina, Speis.
VOLUCELLIN™E.
77. Volucella capensis, Schin.
P e obesa, F.
78. Graptomyza suavissima, Karsch.
2 ic c
TEE 5 vittigera, Big.
80, i triangulifera, Big.

melanura, Bezzi.
pentaspila, Bezzi.

81. - xanthopoda, sp. n.

82. Pr aurea, sp. n.

83. a nigra, sp. n

&4. % signata, Walk.

85. - varia, Walk.
MERODONTIN®.

86. Protylocera aperta, Bezzi.
87. “ dibaphus, Walk.

gupseisquama, Speis.

0" ufonasuta, Big.
sulfurata, Speis.

88. +4 elliotii, Arst.
var. claricella, Speis.

89. 3 melanthyrana, Speis.

90. 53 flaviceps, Macq.

Ale 53 esacus, Walk.
latevittata, Big.
maciulipennis, Loew.
var. livida, Bezzi.

92. Be umbrifera, Walk.

932 x ? notata, Big.

94, ss xanthorrhoea, Bezzi.

oe af hemorrhoa, Gerst.

96. ‘. griseifacies, Bezzi.

97. “ nigrita, Pig.

98. 5 apophysata, sp. n.

99. euprea, Macq.

100, Phy tomia bullata, Loew.
101. + aurigera, Sp. n.

102. kroeberi, Bezzt.

103, “0 neayvel, sp. n.

104. 3 bulligera, Aust.

105. pubipennis, sp. n.

LO6. erratica, Bezzt.

107. Ss curta, Loew.

108. 5 natalensis, Macq.

109. 3 fucoides, sp. n.

110. fronto. Loew.

var, melas, var. n.

111. Phytomia ephippium, Bezz

112. ¥: villipes, Loew.

: var. femoralis, var. n.
113. 5 poénsis, Bezz.
114. es incisa, Wied.

assimilis, Walk.

capito, Loew.
115. Simoides crassipes, Fabr.

pachymera, Wied.

116. s - expleta, Loew.
7 és descendens, Beck.
118. Lathyrophthalmus modestus, Wied.

analis, Maeq.

1: - myiatropinus, Speis.
120. 53 gymnops, sp. 7.
121. Ke euzonus, Loew.
var. anderson,
var. n
122. - longicornis, Ad.
123. 35 melanops, Karsch.
decolov, Karsch.
124. és nigricans, Wied.
migricornis, Loew.
125. amoenus, Macq.
126. 55 metallescens, Loe.
ire 55 nitidiventris, Macq.
128. viridulus, Macq.
129. 55 sexvittatus, Big.

130. 55 quinquelineatus, abr.
punctifer, Walk.
var. tabanoides,

Jaenn.

131. . trizonatus, Big.

132. r flaveolus, Big.

133. " xanthopus, sp. n.

134. 5 vicarians, sp. n.

1135. ¥ duleis. Karsch.

136. dissimilis, Ad.

137. smaragdinus, Macq.

138. E ristalodes Bpny ittatus, Macq.

equalis, Ad.

139. a barelayi. sp. n.
140. = macrops, Karsch.
141. 55 teeniops, Wied.
egyptius, Walk.
communis, Ad.
torridus, Walk.
142. “ fuscicornis, Harsch.
143. seychellarum, sp. n.

144. Eristalis tenax, L.

145. dasyops, Wied.

146. plumipes, Bezzi.

147. haplops, Wied.

148. trichopus, Big.

149. pallidibasis, Big.

150. meromacriformis, sp. n.
151. . convexifacies, Macq.

152. Helophilus (Mesembrius)
capensis. Macq.
caffer, Loew.

153. Helophilus (Mesembrius)

154.
155.
156.
157.

158.
159.

175.
176.
aes
178.
179.

189.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.

190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.

197.

198.
199.

200,

3

INTRODUCTION,

minor, sp. n.
africanus,
senegalensis,

Macq.

cyanipennis, sp.n.

morio, sp. n.

longus, Walk.
. sejunctus, Walk.
ingratus, Loew.

“ tarsatus, Big.

perforatus, Speis.
: Mallota extrema, Toe.

enigma, Bezzi.
pachymera, sp. n.

. Merodon planifacies, sp. n.

melanocerus, sp. n.

nasicus, Bezzi.
funebris, olim.

edentulus, Macq.

XYLOTINE.

. Tropidia dicentria, Speis.
. Chasmomma femoratum, sp. n.
. Syritta spinigera, Loew.

armipes, Thoms.

? flaviventris, Maeq.

? nigricornis, Macq.

spinigerella, Thoms.

vitripennis, Big.
aculeipes, Schin.
latitarsata, Macq.
bulbus, Walk.
bulbulus, Speis.
fasciata, Wied.

abyssinica, Rond.
albifacies, Big.
flavopicta, Big.
leucopleura, Big.
stigmatica, Loew.
pleuritica, Speis.
decora, Walk.
nigrifemorata, Macq.
austeni, sp. n.

Megatrigon sexfasciatus, Johiis.
Hamerus rubiginosus, H.-B.

argenteus, Walk.
atrovarius, Speis.
lugens, Wied.
jacobi, H.-B.
argyropsis, Bezzi.
paul, H.-B.
serratus, sp. n.
maculipennis, sp. n.
armipes, sp. n.
scaber, sp. n.
fer, Bezzi.

lagopus,
Loew.
» strigilatus, Bezzi.

Verr.

201. Eumerus lunatus, Fabr.

202.

203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208,
209,
210.
211.

212.
213.
214.

>

axinecerus, Spets.
rufipes, H.-B.
gquadrimaculatus, Maeg.
bequaerti, H.-B.
erythrocerus, Loew.
triangularis, H.-B.
villeneuvei, H.-B.
unicolor, Loew.
vestitus, Bezzi.
obliquus, Fabr.
cilitarsis, Loew.

Amphoterus cribratus, sp. n.

** Milesia ”

eanusium,. Walk.

Phalacromyia nigriceps, Schii.

”

23

CHRYSOTOXINA.

. Chrysotoxum continuum, sp. n.
intermedium, olim.

MICRODONTIN2.

. Microdon illucens, sp. n.

acantholepidis, Speis
brevicornis, Loew.
testaceus, Walk.
tarsalis, H.-B.
obesus, H.-B.
punctulatus, Wied.
rugosus, sp. D.
cremastogastri, Speis.
apis, Speis,

captus, Speis.

mydas, sp. n.
erythrocephalus, sp. n.
luteiventris, sp. n.
erythros, Bezzi.
zthiopicus, Rond.
inermis, Loew.
pallidus, sp. n.
villosus, sp. n.

, Ptilobactrum neavel, sp. n.

CERIOIDINE.

. Cerioides afra, Wied.

hopei, Sawnd.
pulechra, H.-B.
speiseri, H.-B.
neavel, sp. n.
brunnipennis, Loew,
congolensis, Bezzi.
ammophilina, Speis.
caffra, Loew.
gambiana, Saund.
frenata, Loew.
maculipennis, H.-B.
divisa, Wall.
hbezzau, H.-B.

var, yareinalis, var. n.

Nn

, Frons.
, Occiput.
, Hye.

, Femnr.

“ass
4

VS.

= — eT a :
i a — “
— < : 6

M

F.L.

jy VS.

DION ar oa

EXPLANATORY DIAGRAM,
UM,

Head.
V, Vertex.

O, Ocelli.

Antenna, Ar, Arista.
Thorax. Su, Suture.
Seutellum (part of mesothorax).
Abdomen.

, Ist to 7th Abdominal Segments.

Squama (the author's squamula),

, Haltere.

Wing.

M.L., H.L., the front, middle and
hind legs.

T, Tibia,

Tarsus (5-jointed),

, Claw,

Veins,

. Costa, ;
, Mediastinal (Auxiliary) vein.
, First to Sixth Longitudinal veins,

kink in @rd longitudinal yein.

, Axillary vein,

LM,

Upper Marginal or Subapical Cross-
vein (bent-up portion of 4th

long. vein),

Lower Marginal or Postical Cross-
vein (bent-up portion of upper

branch of 5th long. vein).
Humeral Cross-vein.

, Anterior or middle Cross-vein.
. Lower or small Cross-vein,

Vena Spuria.

Cells.

. First and Second Costal Cells.
. Subcostal or Third Costal Cell.

4, Marginal Cell.

, Submarginal Cell.

, First Posterior or Subapieal Cell.
. Discal or 2nd Posterior Cell.

. Third Posterior Cell.

. Axillary Cell.

. First Basal Cell.

. Second Basal Cell,

5 Anal Cell,

, Alula,

Family SYRPHID.

The genera in the collection can be distinguished as follows :—-

1 (46) Antenne short or of moderate length,
not porrect, and not longer than the
head ; if they are elongate, there are
distinct macrochetz on thorax and
scutellum.

2 (21) Small ecross-vein before the middle of
the discal cell; marginal cell always
open.

3 (20) Third antennal joint usually short,
never linear, nor much longer than
the two preceding joints together ;
vena spuria well developed; thorax
and scutellum without macrocheetee ;
eyes of male usually touching.

4 (19) Face not or but little produced below,
without a snout-like projection :
third longitudinal vein not curved
backwards but depressed, ending at
the tip of wing or before it; if
this vein is curved backwards, the
abdomen is stalked ; first and second
longitudinal veins of usual length.

5 (18) Abdomen of normal shape, neither
tubular nor stalked; if it is a little
constricted towards the base, the
discal cell is much shorter than the
subapical one.

5 (9) Diseal cell much shorter than the sub-
apical cell; face without a distinct
tubercle and abdomen without yellow
markings.

(8) Fourth longitudinal vein prolonged to
the hind border beyond the upper
marginal cross-vein; face of a yellow
colour, not hollowed above and
without a prominent edge below

8 (7) Fourth longitudinal vein at most
forming a short stump beyond the
upper marginal cross-vein ; face of a
black colour, hollowed above and
with a prominent edge below ......

(6) Diseal cell as long as the subapical, or
if a little shorter, then the face
provided with a distinct tubercle or
the abdomen adorned with yellow
spots or bands,

~

“I

ten]

ParaGus, p. 11.

CHRYSOGASTER, p. 15

8 SYRPUID®.

(11) Face and scutellum entirely black ;
thorax provided on the sides above
the notopleural depression and before
the transverse suture with a rather
prominent tubercle; discal cell
shorter than the subapical one. .... Mxzanosroma, p. 18.
11 (18) Face and scutellum yellow; thorax
without such a prominent tubercle
on the sides; discal cell as long as
or only a little shorter then the sub-
apical one.
12 (15) Thorax without a sharply defined
yellow stripe on the sides, or with a
very short one, which does not pass
the suture; abdomen usually broad
and oval in shape.
3 (14) Thorax provided in front with a distinct
collar of hairs; opening of buccal
cavity narrow and linear; ocelli at
some distance from the vertex .... ASARCINA, p. 21.
14 (13) Thorax without a distinct collar;
opening of buccal cavity short and
oval; ocelli placed near the vertex... Syrpuvs, p. 29.
15 (12) Thorax with a sharply defined yellow
notopleural stripe, ‘whieh passes the
suture and usually reaches the scu-
tellum; abdomen narrow and with
parallel sides.
16 (17) Abdomen narrower than the thorax,
not flattened, usually longer than
the wings ; male genitalia very large
and orbicular.jsi. sc. sda des leas. SPH2AROPHORTA, p, 35.
17 (16) Abdomen as broad as or a little broader
than the thorax, flattened, shorter
than the wings; male genitalia of
smaller size .@0% . nem. 00, AY . XANTHOGRAMMA, p. 36.
18 (5) Abdomen stalked, often tubular; discal
cella little shorter than thes subapical
one; face tuberculate ....... . Baccwa, p. 38.
19 (4) Face "with a very prominent snout-
like projection below ; third vein
curved backwards and ending be-
yond tip of wing; first and second
veins very longmptst mit Cxtey we... Rurera, p. 60.
20 (8) Third antennal joint linear, very elon-
gate, many times longer than the
first two joints together ; subapical
and posterior exoss-veins recurrent ;
vena spuria wanting; thorax arid
scutellum provided with macro -
chete : eyes of male separated .. GRAPTOMYZA, p. 59.
21 (2) Small cross-yein near or beyond the
middle of the discal cell.
22 (39) Third vein with a deep sudden down-
wardly directed kink about middle
of the subapical cell.

SYRPHLD-E.

25 (34) Marginal cell closed and usually pro-
vided with a loug stalk; if it is
shortly stalked or even narrowly
open, then the kink in the third vein
is angular and appendiculated.

24 (29) Eyes bare ; kink in third vein deep and
usually ‘appendiculated ; scutelluin
of larger size, margined.

25 (26) Subcostal and marginal cells at end
about of equal length, the stalk of
the latter cell being very short ; eye
adorned with pale spots and touching
in the male, the vertical triangle
being in the same sex long and
narrow; frons of female narrow;
antennal tubercle very prominent ;
wings pubescent all over their sur-
fies ees. Pe a raccaMensie srster ‘aitertn

26 (25) Marginal ceil much shorter at end
than the subcostal one, the former
having a long stalk; eyes without
pale spots, often adorned with hori-
zontal dark bands; vertical triangle
of the male short; antennal tubercle
not prominent; wings entirely bare,
or pubescent oniy on limited areas
near the middle or towards tlie
tip.

27 (28) Eyes of male touching and provided
with larger facets above ; head very
swollen, the frons with a denudate
callose area above the antenne and
also very broad in the female; hind
femora not thickened; wings bare,
very rarely pubescent. towards the
et) Se aan crt eset

28 (27) Eyes of male widely separated and
with small facets above; head not
swollen, without a supra-antennal
eallosity; frons of female narrow ;
hind femora strongly thickened ;
wings pubescent towards LID pays ht «

29 (24) Lyes hairy, at least above; if bare,
‘they have brown spots; kink in the
third vein broad and rounded, never
appendiculated ; scutellum of ordi-
nary size, not margined.

30 (33) Eyes hairy only above or rarely wholly
‘bare, adorned with dark spots or
with dark stripes.

31 (82) Eyes with brown spots, sometimes
bare and sometimes separated in the
miler Sis Aang oh ac «nips

32 (31) Eyes adorned with brown perpendicular
‘stripes: eyes of male always united
and always haityWees.. cl... cr. :

Prory.LocrRa, p. G1,

PuHyTomta, p. 65.

Simoes, p. 76,

(ip.\az
LATHYROPHTHALMUS,

ERistaLopns, p. 87.

10 SYRPHIDE.

33 (30) Eves equally hairy above and below
(never spotted or banded), or with
dark bands, which are formed by
hair alone See" rg S- sition: ¢

34 (25) Marginal cell broadly open.

55 (38) Hind femora simple, without a tooth-
like process beneath at end; sub-
apical cross-vein not recurrent,

36 (87) Eyes bare ...... 5 hearth cor ortatn o foi

37 (36) Eyes hairy ........ step t rart

38 (85) Hind femora with a distinet tooth-like

process ; subapical cross-vein recur-
TENORS ico dle cibibls pd hom aookbotolns

39 (22) Third vein not ‘kinked, or iy rarely with
a slight undulation ; marginal cell
open.

40 (45) Second antennal joint short, as
usual,

41 (42) Face with a distinct tubercle; third
vein with a deep kink; eyes of
male widely separated ; hind femora
thickened and spinose beneath .. ae

42 (41) Face carinate or flat, without tubercle ;
third vein straight or rarely undu-
lating but not loop-like ; eyes of male
usually touching.

43 (44) Face carinate ; subapical cross-vein
not recurrent and without appendi-
culated angles; scutellum of ordinary
size and not indented’. 0. i 27.00...

44 (43) Face flat ; subapical cross-vein recur-
rent and usually with appendiculated
angles; scutellum of greater size and
often, indented (7. SAO: : . «ts nepeeos

45 (40) Second antennal joint enormously
elongate, being the longest of all ..

46 (1) Antenne long and porreet, very often
longer than the head; if rarely they
are short and pendulous, there is a
stump on the third longitudinal vein
down the middle of the subapical
cell; there are never macrochete
on thorax and scutellum.

47 (52) Antenne with a dorsal arista and
usually not placed on a long petiole ;
small cross-vein before the middle
of the discal cell.

48 (49) Third vein without a stump; subapical
cross-vein not recurrent ; thorax and
abdomen always adorned with yellow
MAUKINGS i. Cee RU Mectomte eysiens

49 (48) Third vein with a stump; subapical
cross-vein recurrent or at least per-
pendicular; abdomen usually with-
out yellow markings seutellum often
spinose, ‘

Erisra cis, p. 92.

HrbopuHius, p. 94.

Ma tora, p. 98.

Meropon, p. 100.

CHAsMoMMA, p. 102.

Syritta, p. 104.

Eumrenvs, p. 108.

AMPHOTERUS, p. 116.

CurysoToxtM, p. 118.

PARAGUS. if

50 (51) Third antennal joint bare, as usual,

more or less elongate; arista well

developed, of ordinary size; face

without oblique furrows ........ .. Muicropoy, p. 119.
51 (50) Third antennal joint many times as

long as the first, with a fringe of

long hair on its whole length ; arista

rudimentary, vepresented only by

a short stump; face with oblique

furtowsy... deat, 9. S38RE gil whith PriropacrruM, p. 136,
52 (47) Antenne with a terminal style, and

very often placed on a long petiole;

small cross-vein beyond middle of

the discal cellwnanixls. .. taille ..... CERIOIDES, p. 138.

Subfamily T. SYRPHIN A.
Genus 1. PARAGUS, Latreille (1804).

The species of this genus are widely distributed throughout the
Ethiopian region, and the present collection includes representatives
of practically all the known species, as well as two new to science.

Paragus signatus, Walker (1860), from Natal, seems to be a
Graptomyza, as Dr. Speiser has recently pointed out.

The species before me may be tabulated as follows :—

1 (4) Abdemen with the middle segments fused
together, the sutures being sometimes
distinguishable in the female only ;
shape of bedy broadly ovate; wings
without pubescence in the middle;
eyes with very long pubescence,
which forms distinct stripes,

2 (5) Seutellum with the apical half yellow,
and with the hind border deeply
serrulate ; face in both sexes with a
black stripe ; thorax with two distinct
whitish dorsal stripes ..........2+. serratus, Fabr.

3 (2) Seutellum wholly black and not serrulate
behind; face of the male without a
black stripe ; thorax without distinct
SUBIDER™ oo aus ate er: bt Bice ae borbonicus, Macq,

4 (1) Middle segments of the abdomen well
separated, only the first and second
fused together; shape of body narrowly
elongate: wings with distinct pubes-
cence towards the middle; eyes with
very short, sometimes hardly distin-
guishable pubescence, which js not
arranged in stripes ; scutellum always
black,

5 (10) Face of the male without a black stripe ;
wings with distinct pubescence in the
middle: species usually of larger
size, with less produced face and a
narrow yertical triangle in the male.

12 SYRPHID4.

6 (7) A slender species, with distinctly peti-
olate abdomen, which is clothed with
rather long and soft white hair;
body lightly punctate; pterostigina
subhyaline i eh SE eee. Saces, | longiventris, Loew.

(G) Spesies more robust, with the abdomen
only slightly constricted near the base
or not constricted at all, and with
very short hair; body very strongly
punctate; pterostigma black or much
infuscated, :

8 (9) Third antennal joint grey, dark yellowish
beneath, only twice as long as the
first two joints together ; ‘abdomen
with less distinct basal bands of white
Wists vies eae Ba Sed tha lcdeis une 3

9 (8) Third antennal joint ‘black, very long,
almost four times as long as the first
two joints together; abdomen with
very distinct bands of white hair at
the base of each segment .......... dolichocerus, sp. 1.

10 (5) Face in both sexes with a black stripe ;
wings pubescent at the tip and
towards the hind border alone;
species of smaller size, with the face
much produced below and the vertical
triangle of the male broad .......... tébwalis, Fall.

|

marshalli, sp. n.

1. Paragus serratus, Mubricius (1805).

An easily recognised species, very distinct from any other (except
the Chinese even vulatus, Thomson) owing to its serrated seutellum
and carinate abdomen. Very widely distr ibuted in Africa south of
the Sahara and common in British India. I have compared the
African specimens with others from Calcutta and Trichinopoly in
my collection. Verrall (1898), Brunetti (1908), de Meijere (1908),
and I myself (1912) have mentioned the y variability of coloration
in the abdomen and the legs of this species.

A male from Mozambique, and one from Durban, both collected
by F. Murr; another male specimen from Sierra Leone (©) ie Be
Simpson) and one from Nyasaland (Dr. J. B.S. Old).

2. Paragus borbonicus, Mucqguart (1842).

A species obviously allied to the preceding one on account of the
fused abdominal segments, but easily distinguished by the black,
not serrated scutellum, and by the wholly yellow face of the male.
The male, which was unknown to Loew, has a broad band of golden
hairs in front of the thorax.

This species also occurs throughout the Ethiopian Region.
There are in the collection several specimens of both sexes from
Zungeru, N. Nigeria, 27, xi. 1910 (Dr. J. W. 8S. Macfie), a
male from Durban (#. Mur), and a female from Mozambique
(FF. DMitiv).

PARAGUS. cS

3. Paragus longiventris, Locw (1847)

A slender black species, very distinct in both sexes from any
other on account of its pedunculate abdomen, resembling that of
Baccha, for which it might be mistaken.

Known previously from Aden, Erythrea, Kilimandjaro, and
Caffraria; but L. Fea on his last trip obtained it on the West
Coast and in St. Thomé. In the present collection there are
a number of specimens of both sexes from Obuasi, Ashanti, iv.—ix.
1907 (Dr. W. AL. Graham), and from Zungeru, N. Moen sak.
T910- (Dr. dW. S. .Machie).; a male from Durban, 1902
(#. Muir), and a female from the Nile Province, Uganda.

4. Paragus marshalli, sp. n.
os Length 6 mm.

A black species near the ene one, but larger and more
robust, eh the body coarsely punctate. the abdomen only a
little constricted near the base in the male and the pterostigma
black.

TEeAzta TEAzIY
Fig. 1.—Paragus longiventris, Lw. Fig. 2.—Paragus marshalli, sp. n.
Abdomen of Q. xX 10. Abdomen of ¢. xX 10.

From Loew’s description of Jongiventris, it seems that he has
mixed up the present species with the preceding one.

Eves of the male touching for a very short distance, in both sexes
with short sparse white pubesce nee not disposed in stripes ; ocellar
riangle narrow and elongate, shining black, with short oe hair ;
frontal triangle and face yellow, not striped, clothed with white
hair ; jowls “and edges of mouth black ; frons of the female
narrow, shining black, the lateral white spots very small; face
yellow, narrow, very sparsely pilose, with a small black stripe ;
posterior eri towards the middle with silvery hair; antennz
black. the third joint greyish, dark yellowish beneath, scarcely

14 SYRPHIDE.

longer than twice the first two joints taken together. Thorax
black, coarsely punctate, with short pale pubescence on the back
and a tuft of white hairs on the mesopleure ; scutellum wholly
black. =Squamule small, white; halteres white or yellowish.
Abdomen wholly black, all the segments distinct, coarsely punctate
and with short white hair, which forms more or less indistinct bands
on the fore borders; in the male the second segment is a little
narrower than the others, but not in the female; male genitalia
small, black. Legs reddish yellow, with black cox ; Seen Gr black
at the base, the hind pair more broadly ; hind: Liviee with a black
ring. Wings hyaline, with a black stigma; the microscopic
pubescence extends over all the surface, except on the basal
cells.

This species seems to vary, like its allies, in the colour of the
abdomen and legs.

Type 3, from Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia, collected by Ar. G. A. K.
Marshall, in whose honour the species is named; another very
small specimen (4 mm.) from Chirinda Forest, Maleate District,
S. Rhodesia, v. 1905 (G. 4. K. Marshall), seems to belong to the
same species; a male from the latter locality, vi. 1911 (C. #. A.
Swynnerton), has the last segment of the abdomen with the
genitalia red, and the black parts of the legs are red.

Type @, from Obuasi, Ashanti, W. Africa, 4. vii. 1907
(Dr. W. M. Graham); another specimen from same locality and
collector, 8. ix. 1907, has the sides of the 8rd and 4th abdominal
segments reddish; a third specimen from the same locality and
collector, 9. vii. 1907, is smaller and shows a clear pterostigma.

5. Paragus dolichocerus, sp. n.
Q. Length 7 mm.
A very robust species, distinguished from the preceding one by
its very elongate third antennal joint and by the distinct bands of
white hair on the abdomen.

Fig. 3.—Paragus dolichocerus, sp. n.
Antenna of Q (greatly enlarged),

Frons shining black, almost without white spots on the sides ;
face yellow ay a broad black stripe and the sides of the mouth
black : hair on the face very sparse and short; pubescence on the
eyes pale, short, not disposed i n stripes; antenne black, the third

PARAGUS.—CHRYSOGASTER. 15

joint only dark brownish at the base beneath, very elongate, longer
than the arista, which is black. Thorax, seutellum, and halteres
as in the preceding species; the abdomen also, but with longer
hair, which forms distinct bands at the base of each segment.
Legs reddish, with the tips of the femora and the bases of the tibi
yellow ; hind femora darkened at the base, but not black. Wings
hyaline, with black veins and black stigma; pubescence as in
P. marshalli.

Type 9, a single specimen, from Marsabit, Brit. East Africa,
2¥. 1x 1ST AS. Stordy).

6. Paragus tibialis, Fal/én, var. substitutus, Loew (1858).

A single male specimen from Durban (Ff. Muir) belonging to
this variety of the little European species, which is, however,

hardly distinguishable from the other forms of this variable
insect.

Genus 2. CHRYSOGASTER, Aeigen (1800).

It seems very remarkable that of this genus there are no
described species from the Ethiopian Region, with the exception
of the very aberrant Chrysogaster (Orthoneura) pecilophthalma,
deseribed by me in 1908 from Erythrea, which, on account of
its hairy eyes, seems to be in a very isolated position. The genus,
however, is probably fairly well represented in Tropical Africa ;
perhaps the species have been neglected on account of their small size.

The collection before me contains examples of three very inter-
esting species, which belong to the subgenus Orthoneura and have
bare eyes; they may be tabulated as follows :—

1 (2) Wings without any dark pattern; eyes

marked with confluent brown spots; third

antennal joint rather short ; body elon-

gate, metallic green, but not very shining,

the Hinlonion dull black in the middle .. pecilops, sp. n.
2 (1) Wings with definite dark pattern ; eyes uni-

colorous or banded ; body broadly ovate,

very strongly shining.
3 (4) Third antennal joint rather short; abdomen

adorned with a broad velvety black band

on the middle of each segment; legs

entirely black; wings with many ihlacis

spots towards the apex; eyes unicolorous. sptloptera, sp. n.
4 (3) Third antennal joint very long, linear;

abdomen in the middle as ‘strongly shining

as the rest of the body, with a black band

on the second segment alone; legs in

great part yellow ; wings with only a

perpendicular brow n band before the

tip; eyes with two perpendicular brown

DATOS. od. sharcytveesaces et nts: cache .. levigata, sp. n

16 SYRPHID ®.

Chrysogaster (Orthoneura) pecilops, sp. n. y

3. Length 65 mm.

Nearly allied to the European nobilis, Fall., but at once dis-
tinguished by the spotted eyes, shorter rectangular third antennal
joint, and hyaline wings. It is also allied to my pecilophthalma,
and belongs to the same group, but may be distinguished at once
by the bare eyes and by the thorax being without black pattern.

Head shining eneous, clothed with whitish hair, which is
longer on the broad frontal triangle and, wanting towards the
middle of the face; anterior edge of “buecal cavity very prominent ;
vertical triangle blackish, much smaller than in nobilis, while the
eves are 1n contact for a greater distance; eyes bare, with many
confluent brown spots, which are very different from these of
nitida, Wied., and like those of pecilophthalma; antenne dark
vellowish brown, the third joint only twice the length of the first two

together, rectangular, but rounded at the end; ones blackish, quite
bare. ‘Thorax “shining neous, but lightly punctate and rather
dullish, with short white hair, longer on the pleure; with two
approximated longitudinal dorsal white stripes in front. Scutellum
large, margined, coloured, and punctate like the thorax. Squamule
rather large, white, the inferior with a very long white fringe ;
halteres pale yellowish ; plumule white. Abdomen not m: areined,
shining neous, with white pubescence, which is longer on the belly:
the whole dise dull black; the last segment simple; genitalia large,
highly polished, twisted to the right. Legs strong, wholly
blackish zeneous, with very short pubescence ; the basal joints of
fore and middle tarsi a little thickened. Wings wholly hyaline,
without any distinct pattern; stigma and veins yellowish, the
latter darkened towards the end; subapical cross-vein perpendicular,
not recurrent ; vena spuria distinct, but not chitinised.

Type 3, a single specimen from Durban, Natal (4. Muir),

8. Chrysogaster (Orthoneura) spiloptera, sp. n.
Q. Length 5 mm.

An elegant blackish-zeneous species, with yoeRaiied eves and
blaek legs, velvety black bands on abdomen, and < \_wing-pattern
ree alling that of the North-American species nitida, Wied.

The present and the following species, known only in the female
sex, are evidently related and unite the characters ot Orthoneura
with those of Liogaster, to which they should be referred if the
eves of the male prove to be separated ; in neither species, however,
has the frons of the female any transverse furrows. They both
live in swamps, like our European species.

Head very large, hemispherical, shining black with faint bluish
reflexions ; frons broad, very long, smooth, gently convex in the
middle, almost bare, more shining and neous above the antennz,
with only the beginning of a few oblique furrows near the base;
face carinate below and produced towards the mouth-edge, bare.
lightly rugulose towards the sides ; eyes bare, dark brown, with no

CHRYSOGASTER. 17

distinct spots; antennz inserted below the middle of the eyes,
moderately short, dark yellowish brown; third joint as long as
twice the first two joints together, narrow, rounded at the ‘tip ;
arista long, quite bare. Thorax practically bare, with only a few
short pile hairs on the sides of the back; dull blackish neous,
black on the pleure, where is to be seen a little grey tomentum ;
back without pattern, faintly striped, coarsely punctate. Scutellum
large, quadrangular, margined, like the thorax; its exceedingly
short hairs are inserted in distinct punctures. Plumule and
squamule white, the thoracic one with a long white fringe ; halteres
vellowish. Abdomen broad, flattened, and margined, the last seg-
ment rounded; almost bare, its exceedingly short pubescence
inserted in punctures, which on the sides are very coarse ; the sides
are shining sneous, with a purple band on poste ‘ior margin of
second and third segments; ou the back the first segment is black,

Fig. 4.—Chrysogaster spiloptera, sp.n. Q. X 6.

except at the sides, the second and third show a very broad velvety
black band, which does not reach the sides, but is triangularly
produced forwards, touching with its apex the hind border “of the
preceding segment; fourth “seement almost entirely shining, with
only a small black triangle in middle of fore border, emarginate
behind. Venter shining black. Legs entirely black, short and robust,
almost bare; basal joints of front and hind tarsi thickened, chiefly
those of hind pair. Wings hyaline, yellowish towards the base and
with yellowish stigma; the marginal cell contains two rounded brown
spots near its end; ‘there are also two apical cross-bands, one beginning
in the submarginal cell, just before the end of the marginal cell,
and united with the dark border on the subapical cross-vein ; the
other is less dark, placed just before the tip of the wing, crossing
the marginal cell and the outer part of the first posterior cell; besides
there are brown elongate cloudy patches in the middle of the sub-
marginal cell, in the subapical cell, and in the discoidal cell. Sub-
apical cross-vein recurrent. f

Type Q,a single specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 1. ix. 1907,
“caught in swamp” (De. TW. AL Graham).

18 SYRPHID®.

Chrysogaster (? Orthoneura) levigata, sp. n

2. Length 45 to 5 mm.

A glittering metallic species, which recalls our European Lio-
gaster metallina, but has a very elongate linear third antennal
joint, a velvety black transverse band on the second abdominal
segment, and a dark cross-band on the wings before the tip.

Head smaller than in the preceding species, with the frons
shorter, the antennz being inserted above the middle of the eyes
(not below as in C. spzloptera) ; entirely shining, metallic bluish,
geneous on the lunula; frons with an arcuate prominence above
the antennz and with two median longitudinal elevated lines, but
without any trace of transverse furrows; it bears dark and sparse,
but rather long, hairs; face rounded, less produced below, with
sparse hairs; eves bare, adorned with two perpendicular dark bands,
the space between which is equal to that on each side of them;
antenne black, dark yellowish towards the base, widely separated ;
third joint narrow, linear, three times as long as the first two
together; arista bare. Thorax neous on the sides and on the
pleure, purplish blue on the disc behind the suture; dorsum clothed
with short pale hair. Scutellum neous, smaller than in the
preceding species, margined, clothed with rather long hair, chiefly
towards hind border. Squamule white, the thoracic pair with a
long fringe; plumule and halteres pale yellowish. Abdomen
entirely shining, with short pubescence; zneous at the base and
sides and on the fourth segment, and violaceous in the middle of
the dise; the second segment bears besides a velvety black band
on the Hind border, which does not reach the sides and is rounded
anteriorly, attaining the middle of the segment. Venter shining
zneous, With coppery reflexions. Legs short and stout, with short
pale pubescence; femora black, tibiz and tarsi reddish yellow.
Wings hyaline, witn yellowish base and stigma; veins darkened
towards the end; the subapical cross-band is ‘pale ‘brow n, and runs
perpendicularly from. the subapical cross-vein to the end of the
second longitudinal vein; the posterior cross-vein is also narrowly
margined with fuscous ; subapical eross-vein but slightly recurrent,
almost perpendicular.

Type 9, and another specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 1. 1x. 1907,
“caught hovering in swamp” (Dr. W. M. Graham).

Genus 3. MELANOSTOMA, Schiner (1860).

A number of ill-defined African forms of this genus have
been described, the synonymy of which is given in the List
ae

With the material available I have distinguished the following
forms, which perhaps can be reduced to five good species ; JZ. mel-
linum, which I recorded in 1908 from Erythrxa, is doubtful, as
this species does not seem to be represented in the Ethiopian
Region :—

on

—T

8 (11)
9 (10)

11

(12)

(7)

(6

(8

)

—

MELANOSTOMA.

Facial tubercle double, that is, divided

by a perpendicular furrow into two
small but distinct approximated
tubercles; legs and antenne entirely
yellow or sometimes more or less
darkened ; yellow abdominal mark-
ings very extensive, those of male
sometimes covering the whole abdo-
MeD Ky age eed. eel demwa.g aaah

Facial tubercle simple, or rarely with

only a trace of a division,

Legs entirely yellow, without dark

markings; yellow abdominal spots
very broad, rectangular; larger
Spacies (S-0 mma.) rasta h. eames.

Legs for the most part not entirely

yellow, often with a black pattern,
or at least with dark markings; if
the legs are entirely yellow, the
abdominal spots are not so broad
and of triangular shape.

Legs mainly yellow, that is, the front

femora not blackened at the base,
the trochanters yellow, the hind
femora and tibize only with black
rings; autennz almost entirely
yellow.

Arista slightly pubescent; legs more

or less darkened or wholly yellow,
without any definite black rine
before the apex of hind femora;
abdomen of male very narrow;
yellow abdomival spots of female
triangular in shape, and longer than
hall Tho SCCM OME. a5. mes oresarsgecs sve

Arista bare; legs with sharply de-

fined black rings on hind femora
and tibize; abdomen of the male
broader (annvulipes, s.1.).

Second abdominal segment with a

pair of yellow spots.

Yellow spots on the second abdominal

segment rectangular in shape and
not different from those on the
following two segments, which are
besides longer than the half of each
segment; hind tibize with a sharply
defined black ring; hind tarsi yel-
low, darkened apically ..........

Yellow spots on the second abdominal

segment rounded, and only half as
large as the others, which besides
are not longer than the half of the
segment; hind tibie and hind tarsi
sometimes entirely biack ........

Second abdominal segment wholly

19

bituberculatum, Loew.

Jloripeta, Speis.

scalare, Vabr.

annulipes, Macq.

var. automenes, Walk,

20 SYRPHID®.

black, unspotted ; hind femora with

a black ring, hind tibie sometines

entirely black; hind tarsi wholly

black or with pale base .......... var. mauritianum, Big.
12 (5) Legs mainly black, the front femora

black at the base, the trochanters

black, the hind legs wholly black

or ovly with pale “knees; antenne

almost entirely black ; second abdo-

minal segment usually unspotted ;

Wings more or less infuscated ...2 tnfuscatum, Beck.

10. Melanostoma bituberculatum, Loew (1857).

Allied to scalave, but at once distinguished by its double facial
tubercle.

It is worthy of note that Adams redescribed the present species
as new 1n 1905, under the name given to it by Loew in 1857; he
was misled perhaps by the fact that Loew placed his species under
Syrphus.

‘T'ypical examples have the antenne almost entirely and the
lees entirely yellow; but there are specimens with very dark
antenne and with darkened hind legs, or even with all the femora
blackened.

A typical couple from Durban (F. Muir); a male from Njaro,
Brit. E. Africa (A. J. Cholinley), in which the yellow spots on
third and fourth abdominal segments are fused together, forming a
broad transverse band; the abdomen is ther afore wholly yellow,
only the base and two narrow transverse lines being black. A
ile and two females with darkened antenne and legs from Brit.

K. Africa, E. side of the Aberdare Mountains, 7,300 ft., 24. 11.1911
(T. J. Anderson).

11. Melanostoma floripeta, Spezser (1910).

A species distinguished by its comparatively large size, entirely
yellow legs, very “broad rectangular yellow abdominal spots, and
infuscated wings.

This species is not closely allied to the following one, but has
some resemblance to a Platychir us, as stated by De Speiser. Ori-
ginally described from Kihmandjaro and Meru; there is a single
hominis specimen from British E. Africa, M’ bagori’ s Village, edge
of Kenia Forest, 5,000 ft., 12. 1.1911 (T. J. Anderson).

12. Melanostoma scalare, Fabricius (1794).

A well-known European species, characterised by its slightly
pubescent arista, the narrow abdomen of the male, the triangular
yellow rather long abdominal spots of the female, and the ppecnce
of black rings on the legs.

Two females from Mt. Chirinda, 8S. Rhodesia, vi. 1911 (C.F. M.

Swynaerton) ; Dr. Speiser received the species from Kilimandjaro.

MELANOSLOMA.—ASARCINA. 21

13. Melanostoma annulipes, Mucquart (1842).

A very variable species, but easily recognised by its black-rmged
legs and short abdominal spots.

The species varies in the colouring of the legs, the hind pair
being sometimes mainly black, and in the shape of the yellow
abdominal spots, those on the second segment being often wanting.
It is the predominant African species, which seems to replace
the Palearctic scalare. The length of the body varies from
7 to 9 mm.; the essential characters are the bare arista, the
annulated legs, and the yellow abdominal spots being not longer
than half the segment which bears them, and usually much shorter,
chiefly in the female.

The collection contains the following forms :—

(a) annulip2s, Macq.—Of this typical form there are specimens
from Marsabit, Brit. EH. Africa, 21. ix. 1911 (R. G. Stordy);
Oshogbo, 8. Nigeria, xi. 1910 (Dr. 7. F. J. Mayer); Guangeru,
N. Nigeria, 15. xi.1910 (Dr. J. W. 8. Macfie) ; Onaaee Ashanti,
28. vi. 1907, “caught hovering over stream” (Dr. W. AL. Graham).

(6) automenes, Walk. (+ annulatum, Big., + pyr ophenoides,
Speis. ).—Two male specimens from Obuasi, “Ashanti, 4. vi. 1907
and 7.x1.1907 (Dr. W. ML. Graham).

(c) mauritianum, Big. (+ gymnocerum, Big.).—Three females
from Obuasi, Ashanti, TR vil. 1907 and 22.x. "1907 (Dr. W. M.
Graham), which agree better with gymnocerum. A couple from
Mahé, Seychelles Islands, ix. 1908 (Hugh Scott), are typical

mauritianun.

14. Melanostoma infuscatum, Becker (1910).

Easily known on account of its black antenne and legs and
general very dark colouring ; perhaps only an extreme form of the
preceding specics.

Three males and one female from Mt. Chirinda, Southern Rho-
desia, vi. 1911 (C. #. ML. Swynnerton), which have yellow knees
on the hind legs, while the female has mainly yellow fore legs ;
length 7°5 to 8 mm. Two males from Brit. E. ‘Africa, E E. side of
Aberdare Mountains, 7,800 ft., 24.11.1911 (2. J. Anderson), are
of somewhat larger size (9 mm.) and have entirely black hind
legs, while a female from the same locality and ‘collector has
entir ely black antenn, but mainly yellow legs.

Genus 4. ASARCINA, Macquart (1842).

On this interesting genus I have published two papers, in 1903
and 1908 *, which have been criticised by Dr. Speiser in his work

* “TDi una specie inedita di Ditteri italiani appartenente ad un genere
nuovo per la Fauna europea,” Bull. Soc. Entom. Ital. xxxv. pp. 3-19 (1903).

‘Secondo contributo alla conoscenza del genere Asarcina,’ Ann. Mus
Nation. Hungar. vi. pp. 495 504 (1908).

22 SYRPHID E#.

on Nilimandjaro Diptera (1910); in my recent paper on the
Diptera collected by Leonardo Fea in West Africa *, I have given
a table of the known African species and forms, and have entirely
confirmed my previous conclusions.

The present collection contains 22 specimens belonging to this
genus, which also bear out the opinions that I have expressed. All
the known African species and forms are represented, with the
exception of angustata, Becker, which is distinct from any other
in having the eyes of the male separated—-a very striking character,
unique in the genus; besides there are some new species and forms,
one of which is unusually interesting on account of its hairy eyes.

v 5
The species and forms may be distinguished as follows :—

1 (14) Face wholly yellow, without median black
stripe and without any black spot upon
front edge of buccal cavity; the face not
conically produced, being less prominent
below, and having the anterior edges of
the buceal cavity retreating; facial tu-
bercle cariniform ; peristoma narrow,
with the hind part black, or at least with
a black spot below the inferior corner of
the eyes; frons usually with a prominent
supra-antennal tubercle ; antenne closely
approximate at the base. with the two
basal joints of equal length and with the
third mainly yellow, darkened only on
the superior part ; proboscis rather short ;
sides of the thorax and pleuree more
or less distinctly yellow or yellowish
(ericetorum-group).

2 (18) Frons more er less prominent, usually with
a well-developed supra-antennal tubercle ;
eyes of male touching along a line of
about 1 mm. in length; abdomen ovate,
broader than the thorax; scutellum
wholly black-haired, or at least with
black hairs on the hind border; tarsi
entirely black or with only a small yellow
area near the base; species of greater size
(11 to 15 mm.),

8 (12) Frons clothed with black hairs in both sexes,
rather prominent, with a well-developed
and prominent supra-antennal tubercle,
which besides usually bears a more or
less distinct black spot; wings long.

4 (11) Sides of face covered with a dull yellowish
tomentum and clothed with dark yellow-
ish hairs.

5 (8) First abdominal segment with a very small
black spot, which is much smaller than
the scutellum; first yellow abdominal

* “ Ditteri raccolti da Leonardo Fea durante il suo viaggio nell’ Africa
occidentale,’ Ann. Mus, Civ, Stor. Nat. Genova, (3) v. pp. 400-443 (1912),

ASARCINA,

band not divided, never constricted to-
wards its middle ; wings greyish hyaline;
scutellum pale yellow ; eyes of the male
touching along a line longer than 1 mm.;
abdominal segments yellow on the lateral
border.

6 (7) Black abdominal bands very narrow, linear,

in the male usually three in number, that
of the last segment being wanting or much
reduced ; supra-antennal spot wanting or
small; seutellum pale-bordered at the

9Q

Bare eee ee oe ee enc eee cen ae ericetorum typica, Bezzi.
7 (6) Black abdominal bands twice as broad as

in the preceding species, not linear, always
four in number, that on the last segment
being well developed even in the male ;
supra-antennal tubercle with a broad,
glittering black spot; scutellum wholly

blaci-hdiced AS PP PHS OTe: ericetorum gemmata, var. n.
8 (5) First abdominal segment with a broad black

spot, which is triangularly produced be-
hind ; first yellow band therefore inter-
rupted in the middle by a black line or
strongly constricted.

9 (10) Black bands on the abdomen linear as in

10

11

tyyica; wings yellowish hyaline; scu-
tellum pale, with faint bluish reflexions,
clothed with pale hairs except at hind
border; eyes of the male touching for
1 mm.; lateral borders of the abdominal
sepments yellow .......... ertcetorum

(9) Black abdominal bands broad, even broader

than in gemmata; wings strongly infus-
cated; scutellum much darkened, almost
blackish towards the base, clothed with
wholly black hairs; third and fourth
abdominal segments with a black lateral

usambarensis, Bezzi.

ponder Serade eee cee s ...- ericetorum punctifrons, Aust.

(4) Sides of face with a rich shining white

tomentum, with opalescent reflexicns, and
clothed with white hairs; first yellow
band not divided; black bands narrow ;
scutellum black-haired; wings greyish

iyaling. 24h, 48 Sauer tree ermcetorum albifacies, Var. 1.

(3) Frons clothed with pale hairs, in the female,

at least on the anterior half, less promi-
nent, the supra-antennal tubercle less
produced and always without a black
spot: wings short; black abdominal bands
narrow ; first yellow band interrupted in
the male; scutellum with black hairs on
the hind border; sides of face dull yel-
lowish; eyes of the male touching for

1 mm ee Lt ca Seu geaeaeae ericetorum africand, Bezzi
13 (2) Frons wholly flattened, without prominent

tubercle, entirely yellow; scutellum

24 SYRPHID &.

wholly pale-haired ; sides of face strongly
shining ; tarsi entirely yellow, the hind
pair only a little infuscated at the end ;
nbdomen narrow, not broader than the
thorax, with the first yellow band in the
male not interrupted; eyes of male
touching along } mm. only ; length about
Bins. 14a ee gf .es minor, sp. n.

14 (J) Face with a 2 median black stripe, or at least
with a quadrate or semicircular black
spot on the upper front edge of the buccal
cavity; the face is very strongly and
conically produced, being very prominent
below and having the anterior edges of
the buccal cavity perpendicular or even
projecting forwards ; peristoma broader,
wholly yellow; frons flattened, without
rominent tubercle; antennz more or
ess distant at the base and often very
remote from each other, with the first
joint often elongate and the third black,
more or less yellowish beneath ; proboscis
long or very long; sides of thorax and
pleuree not or indistinctly yellow; first

ellow abdominal band interrupted in the
date (rostrata-group).

15 (16) Facial tubercle cariniform as in the pre-
ceding group; first antennal joint not
elongate; a semicircular black mark on
the upper edge of the buccal cavity ; scu-
telium black-haired ; wings very long
and fuscous; first yellow. band’ inter-
rupted; black bands broad and four in
number; lateral borders of the third,
fourth, and fifth abdominal segments
black; proboseis short heats. ..« mosaohs «begs amena, Aust.

16 (17) Facial tubercle broad and rounded, not
cariniform ; face with a broad black oral
spot or a broad stripe ; first antennal joint
elongate ; proboscis long.

17 (18) Face with ‘only a quadrate black spot on
oral edge, moderately prominent, whitish
on the sides; first antennal joint twice
as long as the second ; scutellum at the
base with yellow hairs; black abdominal
bands very narrow, in the male only two
or three, in the female three, the lateral
borders without a black stripe; species
of smaller size and with very short
WINGS . . qe.pipebabah sappet Gureldcn feat wild, BOZzy.

18 (17) Face ‘with a broad median black stripe,
which always covers the median tubercle,
reaching sometimes the base of the an-
tenn, yellowish on the sides, more pro-
duced below; black bands broader and
four in number; species of greater size
and long-winged.

ho
SA

ASARCINA.

19 (22) Eyes bare; face more or less projecting,

clothed on the sides with very short pale

hairs.
20 (21) Median black stripe on the face broad and

short, not extending beyond the median

tubercle; second and third yellow abdo-

minal bands constricted towards the

middle; lateral borders of the abdomen

black; species of greater size (15 to 16

min.), with less produced face and very

OTH, DUO DO SGT a aS. « Sacer peat aati dc eters eremophila, Loew.
21 (20) Facial stripe narrower, but reaching the

base of the antennze; second and third

yellow bands not constricted and lateral

borders yellow; species of smaller size

(11 to 13 mm.) with more projecting face. rostrata, Wied.
92 (19) Eyes densely hairy; face exceedingly pro-

‘jecting, clothed with long black hairs on

the sides ; median facial stripe broad, not

reaching the base of the antennze ; abdo-

men with the second and third yellow

bands constricted in the mildle and the

lateral borders black .............0. hirsuticeps, sp. 0.

It is important to note that the forms belonging to the two
above-defined groups seem to be in a very different condition.
The forms of the ericetorwm-group are less differentiated, so that
I am able to recognise practically a single species, divided into
many varieties, which inhabits mainly the centre and the north of
the Ethi iopian Region, and besides extends throughout the Oriental
Region. The forms of the rostrata- group are more differentiated,
showing often very striking characters, such as hairy eyes, pro-
jecting tae! &e., so that I can distinguish five species, which are
more dominant in the south, with the notable exception of a species
( fiorzi) which reaches the north of Italy; species of this group are
wanting in the Oriental Region.

15. Asarcina ericetorum, Mwhriccus (1781).

This species is at once distinguished by the wholly yellow, less
projecting face, by the approximate antenne, and by the cariniform
facial tubercle.

A very variable species, which I can at present subdivide into
the following six Ethiopian forms, of which gemmata, usambar-
ensis, and typica are apparently very closely related, while the
others seem to be all very distinct.

(a) typica, Bezzi (1908).

Distinguished by its clear wings, mainly pale-haired seutellum,
the unconstricted first abdominal yellow band, and the linear black
bands.

A couple of specimens from Obnasi, Ashanti, 21. vi. 1907 and
9. vii. 1907 (Dr. W. M. Graham).

26 SYRPHID®.

(/) usambarensis, Bezzi (1908).
Like the preceding form, but the first yellow band strongly
constricted or interrupted.
A single female specimen (same locality and collector as the
preceding), 25. vii. 1907.

(c) gemmata, var. n.

Like the two preceding forms, but differing in the broader black
bands of the abdomen, black-haired scutellum, and very large
shining black spot, with bluish reflexions, on the supra-antennal
tubercle. Length of body 11 to 14 mm., of wing 10 to 13 mm.

Type 3 and another specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 6-7. vii. 1907
(Dr. W. M. Graham). Type 9 and two other specimens, same
locality and collector, 5-28. vii. 1907 and 13. vin. 1907.

(d) punctifrons, dasten (1909).

Characterised by its darker coloration, narrow yellow markings
on the abdomen, the black bands being very broad, interrupted
first yellow band, black lateral borders of abdomen, blackish scu-
tellum, and infuscated wings. Length of body 14 to 15 mm., of
wing 12 to 13 mm. This is possibly a good species; Mr. Austen
knew only the male. The female has the black supra-antennal
spot less distinet or wanting, the frons wholly black-haired and
covered with dense yellowish dust with distinct metallic reflexions,
and shining black towards vertex.

One female from British E. Africa, in the Kenia Forest, 10.11. 1911
(T. J. Anderson) ; another female from Marsabit, Brit. E. Africa,
20. ix. 1911 (R. J. Stordy) ; a third female from Durban (F. Muir).

(e) albifacies, var. n.

Near typica, but differing in the glittering white tomentum and
the white hairs on the sides of the face. Length of body 14 mm.,
of wing 1] mm.

Type & from Uganda, Mpumu, Chagwe, iv. 1910 (Majors A. E.
Hamerton, D.S.O., R.A.M.C., and H. R. Bateman, R.A.M.C.) ;

a single specimen.

(f) africana, Bezzi (1908).

Very distinct on account of its flattened, wholly yellow frons,
which besides is entirely clothed with pale hairs in the male, and
at least on the apical half in the female; first yellow band divided
in the male and entire in the female. Length of body 12 to13mm.,
of wing 10 to 11 mm.

A male specimen from Durban (#. Muir) and a female from
British East Africa, 13 miles north of M’bagori’s Village, towards
Meru, 13. ii. 1911 (7. J. Anderson).

This form is probably a good species, chiefly on account of the
shape of the frons, which connects it with the rostvata-group.

ASARCINA, ~/

16. Asarcina minor, sp. n.

3. Length of body 8 to 8°5 mm., of wing 6 to 6°5 mm.

Very distinct from ericetorum typica, which has the same
general coloration, owing to its smaller size, very narrow abdomen,
flattened and wholly yellow frons, eyes of the male touching along
a much shorter line, entirely yellow-haired scutellum, and yellow
tarsi.

Head as in ericetorum, but wholly yellow; the sides of the face
very shining and with opalescent reflexions; antenna wholly
yellow, the third joint only a little darkened above ; eyes touching
for a very short distance, not longer than the length of the triangle
formed by the ocelli. Thorax and scutellum as in ericetorum
typica, but the latter without any black hair, the longer hairs on
the hind border being also yellow. Coloration and black abdominal
bands as in ftypica, the first yellow band entire. Legs entirely
yellow; the four front tarsi entirely yellow, the hind tarsi dark-
ened towards the tip. Wings with a faint. greyish tinge, a little
yellowish in the costal cell and stigma ; veins yellowish.

Type &, from Bende, 8. Nigeria, 23. v.1910 (J. J. Simpson) ;
another male specimen from Kumasi, Ashanti, 27. x. 1907 (Dr. W.
M. Graham).

17. Asarcina ameena, Austen (1909).

Closely allied to erticetorum, but verging towards the rostrata-
group on account of the semicircular black mark on superior edge
of buccal cavity, non-tuberculate frons, distant antennx, and
differently coloured abdomen.

A male from British East Africa, near Crater Lake, N. of
Mount Kenia, 5,700 ft., 15.11.1911 (7. J. Anderson); My. Austen
described and figured the species from the Ruwenzori Mountains.

The specimens from Moschi, near Kilimandjaro, German Kast
Africa, which in 1908 I referred with doubt to fioriz, and Dr. Speiser
in 1910 to evemophila, certainly belong to the present species.

18. Asarcina fiorii, Bezzi (1903).

A small species, very distinct from any other on account of the
quadrate black spot at the upper edge of the buccal cavity, the
rounded and less distinct facial tubercle, the whitish sides of the
face, the reduced black bands on the abdomen, and the very short
wings.

The two specimens, a male and a female, are without any doubt
conspecific with my type from Italy, which was collected in Emilia
by Prof. A. Fiori, the well-known coleopterologist.

The undescribed male has the eyes touching for a very short
distance, as short as in minor; the frons is wholly yellow, pale-
haired, flattened, and without prominent tubercle ; the antenne are
distant at the base, and the first joint is elongated as in the female ;
scutellum black-haired towards hind border; abdomen as in the

28 SYRPHID#.

female, but with only two black bands, the third and the fourth
ie wanting; genitalia reddish; all the tarsi black.

Type 3, Johannesburg, Transvaal, 1906 (4. J. Cholmley); a
female from British East Afri ica, M’bagori’s Village, edge of Kenia
Forest, 5,000 ft., 12.11. 1911 (7. J. Anderson).

The singular Aaa of this species, ranging from South
Africa to Italy, i is paralleled by that of some other Diptera, as, for
example, Evistalis teniops and quinquelineata, Stomatorrhina
lunata, ete.

19. Asarcina eremophila, Loew (1857).

A large species, distinguished by the broad black facial stripe,
which, however . does not reach the base of the antennz, and by
the second and third abdominal bands being more or less constricted
in the middle.

The face of this species does not project much, the margins of
the buccal cavity being perpendicular; the antennz are ‘widely
separated.

A female specimen from British East Afriea, near Crater Lake,
N. of Mount Kenia, 5,700 ft., 15.11.1911 (7. J. Anderson).

20. Asarcina rostrata, Wiedemann (1824).

This species may be recognised by the very projecting face, the
margins of the buccal cavity being produced forwards, and by the
facial stripe reaching the base of the antennze. The facial tuberele
is very broad.

A specimen from Durban (/. Muir); this species seems to be
confined to the south of the Region.

21. Asarcina hirsuticeps, sp. n.

Length of body 14 mm. ; of wing 12 mm.

ve deen from any other as species on account of its
hairy eyes and its exceedingly produced face, which has a very
broad black stripe and is clothed on the sides with ver y long black
hairs.

The line of contact of the eyes as long as the vertical triangle
(1 mm.), wholly covered with long and dense white hairs ; ns
unspotted, not tuberculate, Cidthedt with long black hairs ; lunula
broad, yellow; antenne widely distant ee each other at the
base, more so than in the allied species, the first joint moderately
long, the third black, except on the lower basal corner which is
yellowish ; arista black, bare ; face very broad and very produced,
yellow ish-dusted on the sides, where it is clothed with abundant
and long black hair; facial tubercle very broad, rounded, hori-
zontal, the black stripe broader than its ‘sides, but not extending
above the base of antenne ; peristoma broad, wholly whitish yellow.
Thorax yellowish on the sides; scutellum yellow, with metallic

ASARCINA.—SYRPUUS. 29

reflexions; black-haired. Squamule yellowish; halteres white.
Abdomen as in eremophila, second and third yellow bands margined
on the sides by a black line; genitalia yellowish grey, pale-haired.
Legs dark yellow, with black tarsi, the hind ones being yellowish

Fig. 5.—Asarcina hirsuticeps, sp.n. Head of dg, x9.

towards the base. Wings long, faintly infuseated, with dark
yellowish stigma and black veins.

Type 3, trom Busiku, British East Africa, 5.ix.1911 (2. J.
Stordy). This species, which has nothing to do with the Indian
genus Dideoides, Brunetti (1908), is a very important addition to
the genus Asarcina.

Genus 5. SYRPHUS, Fabricius (1775).

The rather numerous species in the collection before me can be
distinguished as follows :—

1 (16) Eyes hairy ; postocular border fringed along
its whole contour with lone and dense
hairs; antennze wholly black, the third
joint elongate and rather pointed at the
tip; face always with a black spot or
stripe in the middle.

2 (5) Pterostigma entirely yellow, not blackened
at base; face distinctly yellow, the dust
not hiding the ground-colour ; peristoma
rather broad and yellow.

3 (4) Jowls with a black stripe running from the
lower corner of eye to the upper edge of
the buccal cavity; abdomen with four
white bands, which do not reach the
sides; third longitudinal vein straight .. capens’s, Wied.*

4 (3) Jowls wholly yellow, without black stripe ;
abdomen with three yellow bands reach-
ing the sides, the first widely interrupted
in the middle; third vein sinuous, as in
Lasiephthicus; abdomen very — short,

black pilose except at base ........... . euteniatus, sp. 0.

* Not in the collection, inclided only for comparison.

8 (13)
9 (12)
10 (11)
11 (10)

12 (9)

13 (8)

14 (15)

15 (14)

18 (17)
19 (20)

20 (19)

SYRPHID#.

Pterostigma with the base black or blackish ;
face grey-dusted ; peristoma usually nar-
row and almost entirely black; third
longitudinal vein always straight.

Third antennal joint very elongate, as long
as the arista, much swollen and pointed
at the end; basal joint of hind tarsi
distinctly sw rollen , Do) ee a

Third antennal joint much shorter than the
arista; basal joint of hind tarsi not
swollen.

Third abdominal segment with a more or
less broad yellow band, which reaches
the anterior border.

Peristoma very narrow and black ; second
and fourth abdominal segments each with
ayellow band; front femora yellow, with
blackened base.

Wings entirely hyaline; yellow band of
second segment MATTOW. 0s <ietoele es

Wings with the basal half infuscated ; yel-
low band of second segment broader .

Peristoma broader, with distinct black
lateral stripe ; second and fourth segments
without yellow band; front femora
LAG He ale oe dase cteter nich Se ee On

Band of the third segment whitish, not
broader than the others and distant "from
the anterior border.

Thorax shining’; wings pure hyaline ;
femora yellow, blackened at base; face
white pilose ; abdomen with four distinct
DRTC os ns tits nh acide ea

Thorax dullish ; wings faintly infuscated,
pubescent; femora black; face black
pilose ; abdomen with three less distinct
bands! S55 eee aeplacer eeeieitars agate foie

‘yes bare ; postocular fringe short and
sparse ; antenne yellow, or rarely dark-
ened above, the third joint short and
rounded,

Abdomen oval, the second segment with a
yellow spot on each side, the third and
fourth with a broad yellow transverse
band, which is slightly emarginate be-
hind!" SU Tee eta he. sie interes tas

Abdomen parallel-sided, narrow, and linear.

Face wholly yellow; abdomen entirely
yellow, except base and three yery narrow
black stripes on hind boider of second,
third and feurth segments, which are
sometimes duplicated” tet AaB fo om AR RE

Face with a meaian black stripe; abdomen
wholly black, with three pairs of yellow
oblique spots, those on third and fourth
segments in contact in the middle ......

influticornis, sp. N.

adliyatus, Wied.

var. tricolor, Walk.

var, melas, var. n.

claripennis, Loew.

hirticeps, Loew.

cognatus, Loew.

trisectus, Loew.

redivitns, sp. 2,

SYRPIHUS. 31

22. Syrphus eutezniatus, sp. n.
QO. Length 12 mm.

Very distinct from any other of the capensis-group on account
of its sinuous third vein and its very short hairy abdomen, which
bears three equal yellow bands reaching the sides.

This species shows unmistakable affinity to true Lasiopthicus,
but belongs without any doubt to the capensis-adligatus-group,
which is so characteristic of the Ethiopian fauna.

Head yellow, covered with dark grey tomentum on the occiput
and on the frons, the vertical portion of which, however, is broadly
shining black; frons not swollen, clothed with short but dense
black hairs; face with a small black tubercle and short dark hairs ;
peristoma broad, wholly yellowish grey, without the black stripe of
capensis ; hair on the postocular border long and dense yellowish
above, ahiese and thicker below; antennz entirely black, the third
joint less elongate and rounded at the tip; eyes clothed with
short pale hair. Thorax shining black on the dise, with some
bluish reflexions, clothed with long erect pale yellowish hairs; on
the sides of the dorsum there is a little grey dust ; pleurz dullish.
with pale hairs which form a tuft before the root of the wings.
Seutellum pale yellowish, mainly black-haired ; squamule whitish,
halteres and plumule white. Abdomen oval, shining bluish black,
with short black hair, except at base, where the hair is long and
pale ; first segment black ; second with a yellow band near the
fore border, interrupted towards the middle ; ‘third and fourth with
an equal complete band on fore border ; fifth wholly black, with
only a small yellow spot on the sides at the fore border. These
yellow bands are clothed with short pale hairs; the portion of the
segment just after the band is blacker and a little less shining
than the rest. Venter pale yellow, with two broad black bands
before the end and clothed with long white hair. Legs reddish
yellow ; femora blackened towards the base, those of the hind pair
more broadly, having only the apex yellow; tarsi black, the hind
pairs yellowish at base. Wings hyaline, with black veins, narrowly
yellowish towards the base; mediastinal cell dark yellowish over its
whole length, but the stigma not at all blackened at the base ; vena
spuria strongly chitinised, as black as the other veins ; the shape
ot third vein and of the subapical cell are exactly the same as in
Las. pyrastri.

Type 2, a single specimen, from Marsabit, British East Africa
(R. J. Stordy).

23. Syrphus inflaticornis, sp. n.
Q. Length 11 mm.

Easily recognised by the very long, swollen, and pointed third
antennal joint, and by the distinetly swollen basal joint of hind
tarsi.

Head black; frons wholly black, strongly shining, with purplish
reflexions towards vertex and above antennze, towards the middle

32 SYRPHID &.

with a dullish less distinct transverse grey band, black-haired on
the middle, the vertical portion bare (perhaps denuded?) ; the
frons is depressed in the middle, the supra-antennal tubercle being
therefore very prominent; face covered with dense grey tomentum,
which conceals the ground-colour, and with a chimes median black
stripe extending to the base of the antenne ; facial ‘tubercle rather
prominent ; sides of the face clothed with long pale hairs ;_peri-
stoma narrow, wholly black; postocular border with long hair ;
eyes covered with dense hair, which above is darker serie short
antenne black, almost reaching the epistoma; third joint very
swollen, grey tomentose ; arista, yellowish. Thorax as in the pre-
ceding species ; anes cen swollen, pale yellow and with pale hair.
Squamule dirty whitish, iio white. Abdomen clothed on its
whole length with siher long pale hair, chiefly on the sides ; it is
all bluish blaek and shining, the second and third segments with a
narrow basal whitish ark which is yellow by transparency, the
band on the third being closer to the fore border; fourth segment
with a slight trace of a ‘similar but darker band on the sides only ;
fifth entirely black. Venter black, with greyish bands and long
yellowish hairs. L o's black ; the four en ior tibize and-the eaees
of the hind legs yellow ; first joint of hind tarsi very swollen, as
long as the hee joints fe eon together. Wings as in the preceding
species, but the stigma blackened at base, the hyaline portion
before it being more ates t; third vein almost straight.

Type 2, trom Mpumu, Uganda, 22; v.. 1910 -( Dr. CA.

i Tg gins) ; a single specimen.

24. Syrphus adligatus, MW vedemann (1824).
Very distinct, owing to the broad yellow band on the third
Shddiulnell segment cand the dullish thorax.

This species seems to be variable in the size and number of the
vellow abdominal bands, in the colour of legs and wings, and in the
hair of the face varving from pale to black. I have > attempted to
distinguish the following three forms:—

(a) adligatus (typical).

The band on second segment is narrow, that on third broad, and
that on fourth more or less broad ; the legs pale ; the wings greyish
hyaline. This agrees with the form ticured by Mr. Anistensin 1909
(‘frans. Zool. Soc. xix. pl. in. fig. 3), except that the end of the
abdomen is not yellow and the legs are not so black.

Two males and a female from “Durban (F. Muir); a male from
Marsabit, British East Africa (ft. J. Stordy); a female trom
Mt. Kenia, W. side, Meru-Nyeri Rd., 6,500 ft., 20.11. 1911 OS. A
Neave). Dr. Speiser has re corded the species from Kilimandjaro.

(b) tricolor, Walker (1852).
Distinguished by the wings being infuseated basally and by the

vellow abdominal bands being much broader, chiefly those on the
second and fourth segments.

SYRPHUS. 33

A male specimen from British Kast Africa, E. side of Aberdare
Mountains, 7,300 ft., 24.11. L9LL (7. J. Anderson) ; a female from
Blantyre, Nvasaland (Dr. J. HE. S. Old).

(c) melas, var. n.

3 Q. Length 10 mm.

This form, which may be perhaps considered a distinct species,
is characterised by its prevalent black coloration and by its broader
jowls.

Frons of male entirely black (in the two preceding forms it is
yellowish grey towards the base); face grey, with strong bluish
reflexions, long black hair and broad black median stripe; peri-
stoma broadly black; abdomen shining black, with a less broad.
yellow band on the third segment alone ; legs black, the tibixe dark
reddish ; wings a little infuscated towards the basal half.

The female has a broad grey peristoma, which bears a black
stripe as in capensis; thorax duller, almost dullish grey ; the rest
as in the male.

Type 3 and type Q from British East Africa, the former from
the EH. side of Aberdare Mountains, 7,300 ft., ii. 1911, the latter
from N. of Mt. Kenia, 8,300 ft., 18. ii. 1911 (7. J. Anderson).

25. Syrphus claripennis, Loew (1858).

Distinguished by its clear wings, whitish abdominal bands, and
paler head and legs.

Very near capensis, but differing in the pterostigma and the
want of a genal black stripe. J think that the present species is
the same as dufersectus, Wiedemann (1824), chietly on account of
the fact that 1t seems to be very common in South Africa.

A single male specimen from Yala Bridge, N. Kavirondo, British
East Africa, 24. vii. 1911 (C. W. Woodhouse).

26. Syrphus hirticeps, Loew (1858).

Distinguished by its prevalent dark coloration on head, abdomen,
legs, and wings.

I am in doubt if the specimens before me belong to the same
species as described by Loew from Nubia; they agree well enough
with the description, but the bands on fourth and fifth abdominal
segments are wanting, and that on the third is but little developed ;
the thorax is dullish.

A male from Blantyre, Nyasaland Protectorate, v. 1910 (Dr. JJ.
ES. Old); another male from Uganda, north spur of Ruwenzori,
27. 1.1912 (HZ. B. Owen).

27. Syrphus cognatus, Loew (1858).

Very like corolle, but distinguished in the male by the third
and fourth abdominal segments being almost entirely yellow, with
only a dark brown hind border,

D

9

o SYRPHID&.

A single male from Salisbury, S. Rhodesia (G. dA. XK.
Marshall).

28. Syrphus trisectus, Loew (1858).

Very near balteatus, but differing in its smaller size and
brighter orange abdomen ; the abdominal black bands are usually
nae duplicated, that of ite fourth segment generally being widely
interrupted in the middle; and the “black supre a-antennal spot is
always present.

Of six specimens examined, only a male from Durban has the
duplicated bands well dev eloped and shaped almost as in balteatus ;
this specimen also is the only one which has the black band on the
hind border of the fourth segment entire. ‘The eyesare wholly bare,
even in the undescribed male, which entirely resembles the female,
except in the sexual differences.

A male and a female from Durban (#1 Muir); three females
from British East Africa, one from Kenia Forest, near Luchi
River, 9.ii1.1911 (7. J. Anderson), another from Oyanyi, 8. vii.
1910 (Dr. J. Pugh), and the third from Marsabit, 20.ix. 1911
(R. J. Stordy); a male from Obuasi, Ashanti, 11. vin. 1900 (Dr:
W. M. Graham). This species was up to the present known only
from Caffraria, Fat has evidently a wide distribution throughout
the Ethiopian Region, where it replaces the European balteatus.

29. Syrphus redivivus. sp. n

3g. Length 10 mm.

A narrow elongate species, with black striped face, yellow
antennz, three partly interrupted yellow abdominal bands, and black
genitalia.

This species appears to belong to the auricollis-group, and
allies among the described Ethiopian species are schultzianus, Bezzi

(1908), cinctifacies, Speiser (1910), and fee, Bezzi (1912).

Head black; frons and face vellow, the former more reddish; a
black supra-antennal spot and a ‘brown facial middle stripe reaching
the base of the antenne ; peristoma narrow, vellow; facial tubere le
rounded, large, prominent; frons clothed with long dark hair,
face with white hair on the side; vertical triangle small, not
very prominent; eyes bare, with the upper facets larger ; antennze
short, yellow, the third joint rounded, narrowly darkened above ;
middle postocular border with silvery hairs. Thorax shining,
yellowish towards the sides, but without any sharply defined yellow
stripe, clothed with long erect dark hair ; pleuree blackish’ erey,
yellowish on the hind angle of mesopleura ; breast shining black,
bare. Scutellum dark yellow, with black hair. Squamule dirty
white, halteres yellow. Abdomen shining black, but second, third,
and tourth seaments broadly dull velvet v black on dise; its hair
is long and dark, but pale on the base ; first segment black; second
with an ovate yellow spot on each side, placed in the middle and not
reaching the sides; third and fourth each with two oblique spots,

SYRPHUS.—SPH PROPHORIA. ao

not reaching the sides and uniting in the middle, forming there-

fore a semilunar band, which is emarginate in the middle ; fifth
entirely black, with an indistinct lateral yellowish spot; genitalia
shining black ; venter yellow, dark at the apex, smooth ick shining
in es middle, where it is bare. Legs yellow, including the om
coxe ; tarsi dark at the apex; hind legs with the femora ad tibise
broadly black. Wings greyish hyaline, with the mediastinal cell

wholly dark vellow, without a darkened stigma.
Type 3, from the Cape (ex coll. W. W. Saunders).

Genus 6. SPHASROPHORIA, S/. Fargeau (1825).

This is the first time that this genus has been recorded from the
Kthiopian Region.

530. Spherophoria quadrituberculata, sp. n.

3 2. Length of male 9 mm., of female 7 mm.

A somewhat aberrant species, distinguishable from any other in
the genus by the abdomen bei eng wiehont yellow bands and, in the
male sex, provided with four very prominent tubercles, which reeall
those of the female of the Neotropic ‘al erochordonodes dentipes,
but ave even more prominent.

Fig. 6. —Sphexrophoria quadrituberculata, sp. 2.
Abdomen of ¢ from the right side. »x 12.

Male. Head black, shining on the vertical triangle ; frons and face
yellow, unspotted, with short and soft white hair; peristoma narrow,
yellow; facial tubercle a little more prominent than the antennal
one; eyes bare, the line of contaet much shorter than the vertical
triangle ; antenne short, wholly yellow, the third joint rounded,
with a blac kish arista ; postocular fringe very short and sparse,
dark and a little longer above ; posterior orbits silvery in the
middle. Thorax shining neous, clothed with erect grey hair;
lateral yellow stripe running from the humeri to the suture:
pleure greyish, with opalescent reflexions and sparse hair, meso-
and metapleure yellow. Scutellum yellow, with pale hair.
Squamule small, whitish, with a short fringe; halteres yellow.
Abdomen cylindrical, very narrow, with rather long but sparse
greyish hair; first segment shining black ; second very long,
shining black, reddish towards the sides, with a narrow dull blac k
transverse band a little behind the middle; third a little shorter,

DZ

56 SYRPHID.

we
eo)

shining black, dark reddish at the base and sides, with a dull
black band as on the preceding segment; towards the middle it
bears a pair of very prominent, approximated, pointed, blackish
tubercles ; fourth segment short, reddish yellow, shining, with a
pair of more distant, less prominent, rounded, reddish protuberances ;
fifth segment in the shape of two scales, reddish at base and black
at apex; genitalia hemispherical, large, bare, dark reddish above,
yellowish below, with two appendages beneath. Venter shining
black, much hollowed between the sternites, which are prominent
below, forming a sort of channel. Legs entirely yellow, including
coxe and trochanters, the femora at end and the tarsi darker, but
not black ; all the femora are incrassated and a little bent. Wings
wholly hyaline, vitreous, with black veins; third vein straight ;
subcostal cell entirely blackish, the stigma therefore very con-
spicuous, in the shape of a black line.

Female. Head as in the male; frons broad, shining black on the
vertical half, from which begins a broad black stripe which goes to
the base of the antenne, becoming reddish in front. Thorax and
scutellum as in the male, the dorsum blacker. Abdomen narrow
and elongate ; first and second segments wholly black, shining ; the
others dark reddish, shining, with bluish reflexions, erat any
trace of the protuberances of the male; last segment black; venter
reddish. Legs and wings as in the male.

Type 3 and type @, a single couple, from Durban, 1. 1902
CF. Muir).

Genus 7. KANTHOGRAMMA, Schiner (1860).

I have placed in this genus, taken in a broader sense, the species
which cannot remain in Syrpius, on account of the complete bright
yellow lateral stripes of the thorax, nor in Spherophoria, on
account of the different abdomen and genitalia. They can be best
included provisionally in the present genus, though having a slightly
different facies from the typical species, chiefly on account of the
abdomen being not so broad. The recently erected genus Jschi-
odon, Sack (1913) applies to the species of the group scutellare-
egyptium; this name ean perhaps be used for all the species men-
tioned below :

1 (2) Third antennal joint ovate, elongate ;
front cox meinly black ; <ellow lateral
stripe on thorax passing the suture, but
not reaching the scutellum; hind tro-
chanters of the male with a strong spine
and front tarsi with the internal claw
bifid at end (Ischtodon) ........4. wee. egyptium, Wied.

2 (1) Third antennal joint rounded, short; front
coxee wholly yellow; lateral yellow
stripe on the thorax complete, reaching
to the sentellum ; hind trochanters and
fore tarsi of male simple.

XANTHOGRAMMA. 3/7

3 (6) Middle yellow bands on the abdomen entire,
the tirst alone being sometimes inter-
rupted.

4 (5) Face with a black median stripe or at least
darkened in the middle on the tubercle ;
a black supra-antennal spot also usually
present; first yellow abdominal band
broadly interrupted.....0.....00.. 00. rotundicorne, Loew.*

5 (4) Face wholly yellow, not even darkened in
the middle; supra-antennal spot want-
ing; first abdominal band never inter-
rupted, at the most constricted towards

theprmtldle rs, «cra « »: fs ; me ee: pfeifferi, Big.
6 (3) Abdomen with four pairs of broad yellow
POURED IEBOES bigs! .c. Sule pt feds oda 52 . calonus, Loew.

31. Xanthogramma xgyptiam, Wiedemann (1830).

A very distinet species on account of the elongate third antennal
joint and incomplete vellow notopleural stripe, and, in the male sex
the peculiar form of the front claws and hind trochanters.

In my recent paper on the Syrphide collected by Fea (1912),
I have stated that this species is distinct from the Oriental sez-
tellare, Fabr. (1805). This last, common throughout the Oriental
Region and described from the Island of Formosa as Jsehiodon
trochanterica by Prof. Sack (1913), is distinguished from the
present species in having the spine of the hind trochanters much
thicker and proportionally shorter, the inner front claw simple, the
seutellum more darkened, and the first yellow abdominal band of
the female always interrupted in the middle.

The following names are synonyms of egy ptium :—brachy-
pterum, Mhomsan (1869), felix, Walker (1852), fuscotibiale,
Macquart (1842), longicorne, Macquart (1542), and natalense,
Macquart (1846); further, Syrphus senegalensis of Guérin-Méné-
ville (1835) seems to be only the form of the present species in
which the abdomen is entirely yellow in its apical half.

The species 1s common throughout the Ethiopian Region.
There are many specimens of both sexes from Northern “and
Southern Nigeria : Baro, x. 1910 (Dr. A. Ingram); Zungeru,
xi. 1910 (Dr. J. W. S. Macfie); Gangeru and Aba, ix. 1910
(J. J. Simpson) ; os iv. 1911 (Dr. A. Connal); Ikom, i. 1912
(E. Dayrell). There are also specimens from British East Africa,
Isiola R. (#. J. Stordy), and from Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia CG. 2

AK. Marshall).

32. Xanthogramma pfeifferi, Bivyot (1854).

Nearly allied to rofundicorne, but easily recognised by the wholly
yellow frons and face, and by the entire first yellow abdominal

band.

* Not in the collection ; included for comparison.

38 SYRPHID &.

I have redeseribed this species in the above-quoted paper on Fea’s
Syrphids ; Bigot’s description, which was previously included among
the synonyms of @gyptium, corresponds very well with these speci-
mens, chiefly because Bigot calls the third antennal joint “rounded.”
Perhaps it is only an ene form of rotundicorne, Loew (1858 ),
of which there are no specimens in the collection, but which is
common in South Africa, dentatum, Walker (1852), being probably
the same species, which is represented. i in the Oriental Region by
the nearly allied yavanum, Wiedemann (1824).

Several specimens of both sexes: Karonga, Nyasaland, v. 1910
(Dr. M. Sanderson) ; Zungeru, N. Nigeria, xi. 1910 (Dr. J. W.
NS. Macfie and J. J. Simpson); Koba District, Nile aS
Uganda, vi. 1909; Lilongwe, Nyasaland, 8.1.1911 (Dr. J. #. S
Old) : Angola, 1908 ce: W ‘ellman); Mauritius, 1911 (NV. B. Rock).

This species also seems to be widely spread throughout the
Region.

33. Xanthogramma calopus, Loew (18538).

Very distinct from any other species, on account of its eight
very broad and rounded yellow abdominal spots, which recall those
of Syrphus braueri.

A single female specimen from Pinetown, Natal, 20. iv. 1902

(Ff. Muir).

Genus 8. BACCHA, Fabricius (1805).

Of this rich genus, only the following species have been recorded
or described from the Ethiopian Region: (1) picta, Wied. (1830),
(2) vittata, Wied. (1830), (3) sapphir tna, Wied. (1830), (4)
claripennis, Loew (1858), (5) flavicornis, Loew (1863), (6)
punctum, Bigot (1885), (7) brevis, Karsch (1887), me (8) eury-
ptera, Bezzi (1908). Of these the second is the same as the first,
and the fifth and sixth are the same as the third; the seventh is
perhaps the same as the fourth. There are thus only four good
Ethiopian species, compared with thirty from the Oriental Region.
It is therefore not surprising that the present collection contains
numerous new species, some of which are very interesting and
beautiful.

They can be tabulated as follows :—

1] (2) Wings very narrow and cuneiform at the
base, without alula and without promi-
nent axillary lobe ; frons produced before
the vertex into a conical protuberance,
which bears the ocelli; abdomen very
long and narrow, much longer than the
wings; face yellowish below on the sides. conifrons, sp. n.

2 (1) Wings notnarrowed and often very dilated,
ulways with well-developed alula and
axillary lobe; frons without protuber-
ance or with a very slight one ; abdomen

BACCHA.

not so elongated, and never longer than
the wings.

5 (16) Face yellow or reddish; scutellum and
thorax very often yellow or yellow-
spotted.

4 (15) Wings strongly dilated and with extended
brown or yellow pattern; antenne yel-
low; face without black middle stripe;
third vein sinuous ; third antennal joint
very short ovate.

5 (12) Seutellum and pleurse wholly yellow.

6 (11) Wings entirely blackish brown, with a
middle yellowish streak and a preapical
hyaline band.

7 (10) Wings with the axillary cell and alula
blackish brown, like the rest; supra-
antennal tubercle very prominent and
violet-coloured ; ocellar tubercle also
prominent; thorax of female yellow with
three or five black longitudinal stripes.

8 (9) Wings with only the central yellow streak
and with the preapical hyaline band very
broad, extended to the hind border ;
thorax of the male black ..............

9 (8) Wings with an additional yellow streak
in the base of the anal cell; preapical
hyaline band narrowed below and not
reaching the hind border, the apical
brown spot being in contact with the
discal browarmpatelives Get 292.25 P02,

10 (7) Wings with hyaline alula and yellowish
hyaline axillary cell and base of anal cell;
supra-antennal tubercle less prominent
and yellow, black behind ; ocellar tubercle
not at all prominent; thorax of female
without: blaclwstripeswatiis ak, 0 FA

11 (6) Wings with the basal half yellow, a broad
blackish middle band and a smaller apical
one, this last preceded by a complete
hyaline band ; thorax of female with only
two longitudinal black stripes..........

12 (5) Scutellum entirely black or at the most
with a yellow border; pleure black, at
most with a yellowish spot.

13 (14) Seutellum black, yellow-bordered ; pleurze
with a yellowish spot %.é..s.0% 2.50004

14 (13) Scutellum and pleure wholly black ; wings
blackish, with a broad hyaline preapical
band, a blackish apical spot, a hyaline
middle streak and hyaline axillary cell
anG HeSe Gh AMA Ce on once = wip «pegs se,

15 (4) Wings not dilated and entirely greyish
hyaline ; antenne wholly black; face
with a black middle stripe; third vein

30

picta, Wied.

var. superpicta,
avin ST

helva, sp. n.

grahami, sp. n.

euryptera, Bezzi.*

neave?, sp. 0.

* Not in the collection ; it was described from the Congo.

40 SYRPHID 2.

straight ; thorax and scutellum entirely
black ; : abdomen with distinct paired
yellowish spots; third antennal joint
very elongate..... efahe (oelel efolS) = AACE. aay) CUMIAMEL SP. o,
16 (5) Face black, or at most with yellowish mar-
gins to buceal cavity; thorax and scu-
tellum always black; wings either entirely
hyaline or evenly infuseated, without any
broad yellow or brown pattern.
17 (20) Wings hyaline, with a small brown apical
spot at the end of the submarginal cell.
18 (19) Pterostigma pale yellowish; eyes adorned
with three dark ‘transverse bands; abdo-
men black at base and reddish with black
stripes on the broadened part; female
with a rather long and flattened ovi-
POSLEOT 4 Wee Shue Hh Piphers . wchneumonea, sp. Ni.
19 (18) Pterostigma black ; eyes with ‘only a middle
band ; abdomen w vholly black; female
ovipositor not protruding.............. sapphirina, Wied.
20 (17) Wings without defined brown apical spot,
at most faintly infuscated at the extreme
tip.
21 (24) Abdomen with a long stalk, the second
segment being cylind: ‘ical, and as long as
or longer than the third.
(23) Sides of buecal cavity black, like the rest
of the face ; wings hyaline or faintly infus-
cated, in the temale narrowly but dis-
tinctly darkened at the tip; thorax grey-
dusted ; antennze short and dark ...... preusta, sp. n.
23 (22) Sides of buccal cavity yellowish; wings
strongly infuscated, almost blackish along
the fore border; thorax golden- dusted :
antenn a little longer and p aler yellow.. margtnata, sp. n.
24 (21) Abdomen with a short stalk, the second
segment being shorter than the third,
not cylindrical and constricted towards
the middle; wings byaline, with dark
stigmatic streak.
25 (26) Antenne and legs mainly yellow ........ claripennis, Loew.
26 (25) Antenne dark and legs mainly black...... brevis, Karsch.

bo
LS)

54. Baccha conifrons, sp

Q@. Length of body 11 mm., of wing 7 mm.

A slender, elongate, Ichneumon- like : species, easily distinguished
by the conical ocelliferous prominence on the frons, and by the
proportionally short and very narrow wings, which lack the alula
and axillary lobe.

Frons dull velvety black, shining bluish on the prominent supra-
antennal tubercle; there is a grey transverse band before the
shining portion ; ocellar tuberele more prominent than the supra-
antennal one, shining black and bare; frons clothed with short
dark hair near the vertex and in the depression between the two

BACCHA. 41

tubercles; occiput dull black, grey pollinose, with a fringe of
glittering, stiff white hair; face ‘shining black towards the middle,
dullish and white pollinose on the sides; yellowish on the lower
portion of the cheeks and on the very narrow peristoma ; facial
tubercle not very prominent, rounded; hairs on the side of the face
whitish and very soft. Antennz short, entirely orange-coloured,
the first two joints very short, the third bluntly oneal arista
longer than the antenna, brown, yellowish toward the base: Kyes
bare, apparently adorned with two transverse dark bands, one on
the middle, the other on the superior fourth. Thorax metallic
black, with purple and bluish reflexions, clothed with short, silky,
whitish hair, which, however, do not conceal four rounded spots,
two before and two behind the suture; the sides and a band
along the suture are grey-dusted; humeri with a broad rounded
yellow spot; pleura bluish black, with greyish dust and short
white hair. Scutellum finely punctate, wholly bluish black, with
very short dark hair. Squamule very small, yellowish, without
fringes; halteres yellow, with darker knobs. Abdomen ver ‘Vy narrow,
the stalk being formed by the second and the front half of the third
segments, pied rest being very little dilated; therefore the abdomen
appears to be more linear than spatulate ; second segment black,
reddish yellow towards the base, like the first, longer than the
third; third, fourth, and fifth dark reddish yellow, shining, with a
narrow longitudinal blackish stripe, and two less distinct lateral
blackish stripes at the base of the Suan segment; sixth segment
black ; after the sixth segment there are two father black seoments,
terminated by a blackish bilobate scale, which forms a peculiar
ovipositor. Venter yellowish, black at the tip; the reddish seg-
ments are bordered by a very narrow black line on the exterior
sides ; the second segment and the constricted portion of the third
are clothed with thin erect white hair on the sides, the rest is
clothed with short depressed whitish hair. The four anterior legs,
with the coxe, w holly pale luteous; hind legs with bluish,
thickened cox, black femora yellowish at the tip, black tibie
yellow towards the base, and yellow tarsi a little darkened at the
apex. Wings greyish hyaline, with black veins; subcostal cell
and stigma w holly black ; a blackish elongate apical spot extends
from the end of the first to the end of the third longitudinal vein ;
third vein sinuous; submarginal cross-vein very sinuous; seventh
longitudinal vein not sinuous at end, the anal cell shaped as usual.

T ype 2, a single speeimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 28. vi. 1907
(Ors WM. Graham).

35. Baccha ichneumonea, sp. n.

2. Length of body 9 mm., of wing 6 mm.

A medium-sized species, distinguished by its red and black
spotted abdomen and by the very long ovipositor of the female.
Not unlike a small Iehneumonid wasp of the genus Cryp/us, and
resembling con?frons in having very small and not fr inged squamule.

49 SYRPHID&.

Head shining black, the occiput also very little dusted ; occipital
fringe of rigid white hairs well developed; frons very short and
with dark hairs, the whitish transverse middle band ‘ill-defined ;
antennal tubercle not very prominent, the ocellar tubercle not at all
prominent; face shining black, with pale grey dust and with sparse
pale hair on the sides, the central tubercle small but sharp and
prominent; peristoma linear; antennz very short, wholly orange-
coloured, with short, bluntly ovate third joint and bare yellow
arista; eyes with two bands, one on the middle, the other on the
superior fourth. Thorax black zneous, metallic, shining, clothed
with thin and depressed whitish hairs; pleure with erect short
haus ; humeral calli very small and indistinct, reddish. Scutellum
like the thorax pale-haired ; squamule and halteres yellowish.
Abdomen proportionally short; first and second segments entirely
black, shining, with long ences white hairs on the sides ; second
segment as long as the third, not evlindrical, a little constricted
towards the matdaies alone forming the stalk ; the third, fourth, and
tifth segments, forming the spatulate and rather broad portion of
the abdomen, are reddish with a median longitudinal black stripe,
and the third and fourth besides with an oblique black streak on
each side proceeding from the posterior corners and passing the
middle of the segment. After the fifth segment there is only the
ovipositor, which is longer than this segment, rectangular in shape,
less attenuated at end “and. black w ith the base red; it consists of
two broad flattened scales, a superior and an inferion one, the first
ending in three, the second in two points. Venter of a reddish
colour. Legs short and stout, entirely pale yellow, with a sharply
defined and ‘broad black preapical ring on the hind monet Wines
not widened, hyaline, vitreous, the subcostal cell only pale > pelle:
at end; apical brown spot not large, triangular, extending from
the ent of the second to the third vein, and. along this vein from
the subapical eross-vein to the tip; third vein faintly sinuous ;
anal cell of usual shape; alula and axillary lobe well developed.
Type Q,a single specimen from Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia (G. .

K. Marshall).

36. Baccha picta, Wiedemann (1830).

A handsome species, easily distinguished on account of its
yellow, black- striped thorax and very broad and blackish-brown-
tinged wings, which bear an abbreviated middle yellow stripe and
a broad complete preapical hyaline band.

Loew has already recorded the variability of this species as
regards the colouring of the spatulate portion of the abdomen,
which varies from entirely black to reddish yellow with three black
stripes. The black stripes of the thorax vary also from two to five ;
sometimes they are even dilated and fused together, the thorax
being therefore wholly black in front of the suture.

The previously undescribed male is like the female, but has the
thorax wholly black on the back, except a reddish-yellow lateral

BACCHA. 43

stripe, extending from the humeri to the scutellum. The line of
contact of the eyes as long as the very narrow vertical triangle
antennal tubercle less elittering violet. Abdomen black, ith
vellowish ill-defined spots on the sides of the third and fourth
segments. Ocellar tubercle not prominent.

One male and three females from Obuasi, Ashanti, vi.—viil. 1907
(Dr. W. MW. Graham).

Var. superpicta, var. n.

2. Length of body 10 to 11 mm., of wing 8 to 9 mm.

Very like females of the typical form, which have a reddish-
black striped abdomen, but the second segment showing always a
black ring at the apex. The frons has “the same coloration’ and
similarly prominent antennal and ocellar tubercles, the antennal
one being violet-coloured, but narrowly yellow in front; the eyes
seem to have only a middle brown band, as in the ty pical form.
‘The halteres have also a blackish club. Wings of the same shape

Fig. 7.—Baccha picta, var. superpicta, var. n.
Wins of On <7.

and coloration, but with the following two well-marked differences :
(1) there is another yellow stripe, which occupies all the base of
the anal cell and extends along the seventh vein to the middle of
the same cell, ending in a point; (2) the hyaline preapical band is
very narrow and cee ending before the hind lower corner of the
first posterior cell. The brown apical spot is therefore fused with
the brown middle band, not broadly separated as in the preceding
form.

Type § and three additional specimens from the same locality
and collector as the typical form, viiix, 1907.

37. Baccha grahami, sp. n.

@. Length of body 9 to 10 mm., of wing 8 to 9 mm.

A very elegant species near picta, but at once distinguished by
the very different wing-pattern, which is yellow basally, with a
broad median brown band, and hyaline apically, with a brown band
at the tip.

Head as in picta, both in shape and coloration; antenne orange-
yellow; eyes apparently with a single brown band; occiput bearing

4A. SYRPHID-E.

a complete fringe of rigid and glittering yellowish hair. Thorax
wholly yellow, with only three parallel black stripes in the centre ;
the yellowish- grey erect hair on the back and seutellum is
thick and twice as long as in picfa. Squamule and halteres as
in picta. Abdomen shaped as in pieta; it is wholly yellow,
with a black ring at the end of the second seoment, a black
longitudinal stripe from the base of the third segment to the end
of the abdomen, and a short oblique black streak on the hind
corners of the third and fourth segments; hair rather long, that
on the spatulate portion also long and. dark: Lees with the cox
entirely pale yellow, without any dark marking. Wings as broad
as in picta and of similar shape; third vein only slightly sinuous

and the seventh likewise, the anal cell therefore almost regular at
the apex; wings yellow from the base to the small cross-vein,

Fig. 8.—Baccha grahami, sp.n. Q. X 5.

leaving the alula and the hind border of the axillary cell almost
hyaline ; the median brown band begins at the fore border a
little before the end of the auxiliary vein and goes perpendicularly
to the hind margin, where it ends at the apex of the third posterior
cell: subcostal cell filled up with brown to the extreme end ; apical
brown band running from the end of the first to the ena ot the
fourth vein; the hind border of the w ings is infuscated from the
tip to the ead of the axillary cell. The veins are black, but yellow
in the yellow portions of the wing.

Type 2 on another specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, vi.—viil.
1907 (Dr. M. Graham). Named in hemear of the collector,
who has ba ered so many interesting new species of West African
Diptera.

38. Baccha helva, sp. n.

9. Length of body 13 mm., of wing 11 mm.
Near picta, but more robust, without black stripes on the thorax,

BACCHA. AS

with differently shaped frons, and narrower wings, with a different
pattern.

Frons shining bluish black at the vertex, with a grey band before
the ocelli; antennal tubercle less prominent, yellow, black behind ;
ocellar tubercle only slightly prominent; frons clothed with short
pale hair; face and peristoma wholly reddish yellow, the facial
tubercle more prominent than in picta; antenne and arista orange-
coloured; the eyes do not seem to be banded. Occiput black,
ereyish-dusted, whitish on the lower orbits; the occipital fringe
seems to be limited to the superior part. Thorax and_scu-
tellum entirely shining reddish, with very short whitish hair ;

Fic. 9.---Baccha helva,sp.n. Q@. X 4

pleure paler above, darkened below like the pectus, with very
short hair. Squamule yellowish, with a short golden fringe ;
halteres yellowish. Abdomen proportionally shorter and broader,
the second segment being as long as the third; it is wholly reddish,
with indistinct black spots at the end of the second and on the
posterior corners of the third and fourth segments; hair on the
stalk pale and erect, on the rest dark and depressed. Legs includ-
ing the cox wholly yellow, without any dark marking. Wings
distinetly less broad than in picta; third vein sinuous as in picta,
and the seventh likewise, the anal cell therefore suddenly constricted
to a point before its end. The wings are blackish brown, but with
a broad and complete hyaline band, and besides with hyaline alula
and hyaline base of anal and axillary cells; the middle vellowish
spot is not a simple streak, but is more than double as broad,
extending to the small cross-vein and leaving a whitish spot in the
submarginal cell just above the bifurcation of the second and third
veins; apical isolated spot as in picta.

46 SYRPHID #.

Type 2, asingle specimen from Durban, Mitchell Park, 22.1.1903
(FP. Muir).

It is quite possible that B. helva is the female of the very
dark-coloured B. neavez, described below.

39. Baccha neavei, sp. n.

3. Length of body 11 to 12 mm., of wing 9 to 10 mm.

A species evidently belonging to the picta- group, but distin-
guished from any other on ean of the wholly black coloration
of thorax and scutellum ; in all probability, however, the unknown
female will be found to be paler-coloured than the male.

Head black ; face yellowish red, the middle tubercle more yellow,
the sides with bluish reflexions and sparse tomentum, and Biko
with some dark hairs; peristoma narrow, blackened behind ; frontal
triangle shining blackish zneous, dark-haired; the not very pro-
minent antennal tubercle is yellow towards the lunule and somewhat
violet-coloured on the sides; vertical triangle very narrow, zneous
black, black-haired ; occiput black, whitish-dusted, with a complete
white fringe, darkened above; lateral margin of the eyes white ;
antennze dark orange-coloured, the basal segments blackened, with
bluntly ovate third joint and brown arista, which is, however, yellow
at the base and sometimes shortly pubescent. Line of contact of
eyes as long as the vertical triangle ; eyes apparently adorned with
a single median dark band. Thee tea scutellum entirely metallic
shining zeneous, with short pale hairs; humeri very narrowly
reddish; pleure like the back, darkened above, clothed with
slightly longer hairs. Squamulze yellow, with a short fringe ;
halteres whitish. Abdomen very narrow, cylindrical, only slightly
spatulate, wholly shining black ; third Sal fourth seoments with
an oblique yellowish spot towards the middle of the sides, some-
times fused to form a complete band; hair on the stalk very
long and erect, otherwise short and dark. Genitalia black, grey-
dusted and grey-haired. Front legs with the cox entirely pale
yellow; middle legs with the femora blackened behind towards the
base ; hind legs ath the femora black, yellow at the apex, and
the tibize yellow ish with a more or less distinct subapical black
ring. Wings less broad than in pieta, with black veins, the third
and the seventh sinuous, the anal cell therefore irregularly shaped
as in picta; wings blackish brown, but with hyaline alula, axillary
cell, and hind border ; there is a narrow hyaline streak in the
middle extending from the bifureation of the second and third
veins to the third posterior cell; subcostal cell black; a broad
hyaline preapical band anda broad apie: al brown spot extending
from the end of the first to the third vein, and often even passing
it more or less.

Type 3 and two additional specimens from Lamoru Station,
Uganda Rly., British East Africa, 9-10. it. 1911, 7,340 ft., col-
lected by Mr. S. A. Neave, in Fayre honour the species is named.
There is also a male specimen from Durban, 6. vi. 1903 (#. Aur).

BACCHA 47

40. Baccha extranea, sp. n.

3. Length of body 11 mm., of wing 9 mm.

Distinguished from any other known African species by its
wholly black antennz (which besides have an elongated third joint),
the black-striped face, and the sharply -defined pale yellowish abdo-
minal spots. The present species has no ally in the African fauna,
and resembles the American clavata, Fabr., from which, however,
it is at once distinguished by the wholly black seutellum.

Frontal triangle and face whitish yellow; lunula black ; a black
median stripe on the face extending from the buceal cavity to the
lunula, but becoming smaller and undefined above ; peristoma
narrow, pale yellow, with a narrow blackish border along the eyes ;
vertical triangle shining black ; occiput black, grey- -dusted, with a
fringe of whine thick, ay soft hair, which is very different from
the sparse and rigid hair forming the same fringe in the preceding
species; antenne wholly black, the third joint rather elongate,
almost as long as the arista, which is brown and short; eyes
touching along a line equal to the length of the vertical tr iangle,
and apparently not banded. Thorax shining wneous black, without
any yellow marking, clothed with erect greyish hair; pleure
slightly greyish, with longer white hair. Seutellum like the
thorax, wholly shining bluish black. Squamule white, with
short fringe; halteres white. Abdomen narrow, entirely black,
the spatulate portion not very broad ; seeond segment cylindrical,
as long as the third; hairs on the stalk short; second segment
with a small rounded whitish spot on the middle of the sides;
third with a like spot, which is, however, broader and nearer to
the base; fourth with two larger spots, which are almost in con-
tact with the base and approach each other above in the middle.
Genitaha shining black, with a short yellowish appendage beneath.
The four anterior legs are reddish yellow, with the basal half of
femora black and able the tibie bearing a sharply defined median
black ring, tarsi blackened at the apex ; “hind legs with the femora
black, yellow at the extreme tip, the tibize black, but broadly yellow
towards the base; the tarsi black at the apex. Wines narrow,
greyish hyaline, without any distinct marking; stigmal streak pale
yellowish ; third vein straight ; seventh also stiaibht the anal cell
being therefore regularly lanceolate at the end ; veins black ;
alula and axillary lobe well developed ; postieal cross-vein almost
straight.

Type 3,a single specimen from Salisbury, S. Rhodesia (G. A.

The: Marshall).

41. Baccha marginata, sp. n.

3. Length of body 12 mm., of wing 10 mm.

Distinguished by the golden pubescence on the thorax, by the
yellow margins of the buccal cavity, and by the infuseated w ings,
which hee: a blackish fore border.

48 SYRPHID”®.

Head black; occiput with dark grey dusting, whitish on the
sides below, and with the usual fringe of yellowish, rigid hairs;
vertical triangle black, short and very narrow, black-haired ; frontal
triangle «wneous, with some dark hairs above and on the sides;
frontal tubercle rounded, prominent, violet-coloured, shining purple
on the sides, with a semicircular depression above ; face shining
wneous above and towards the middle, grey-dusted on the sides,
yellowish below, the sides of the buccal cavity and the peristoma
yellow, this last black behind; antennie dark luteous, the third joint
short-oval ; eyes with the middle brown band only, touching along
a line which isa little longer than the vertical triangle. ‘Thorax
eneous, Without yellow markings, punctate, not very shining, clothed
with depressed golden hairs; pleuree more shining, with longer
golden hairs on the mesopleuree; scutellum wholly zneous, punctate,
with very short and sparse hairs. Squamule yellowish, with a short
fringe; halteres yellowish. Abdomen long and slender, almost
linear: the hairs on the sides of the stalk are erect and yellowish,
of medium length, the others are short and darker ; first segment
wneous in the middle, yellowish on the sides; second entirely
shining black, cylindrical, as long as the third; third and fourth
at the base each with two ill-defined yellowish spots, which are
bifid behind; fifth entirely black; genitalia shining zeneous, pale-
haired: venter black, in the middle of the third and fourth seg-
ments there is a yellow spot, which is bifid behind. The four front
legs and the front cox are yellow, the tarsi alone being darkened
at the tip; hind femora yellow. with a broad preapical black ring ;
hind tibie blackish, with broad yellow base; hind tarsi blackish,
the first joint yellowish. Wings of normal size, evenly infuscated
with a yellowish-brown tinge, which is a little paler on the hind
border near the base; fore border blackish in the costal, mar-
ginal, and end of submarginal cells to the end of the third vein;
subeostal cell and stigma black ; third vein rather sinuous ; seventh
vein bent up at the end, and therefore the shape of the anal cell
is like that in the broad-winged species, but not so accentuated.
The peculiar fleck at the end of the second basal cell is more
conspicuous than usual in the clear-winged species ; from this fleck
issues, as in the other species, a vein-like fold which divides the
upper cross-vein between the second basal and the diseal cells.

Type d, a single specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 8. xi. 1907

(Dr. W. M. Graham).

42. Baccha sapphirina, Wiedemann (1880).

A black species, easily distinguished by the bright orange
antenne, by the shining bluish transverse abdominal bands, and by
the pure hyaline wings, which bear a black stigma and a black
apical spot.

B. flavicornis, Loew (1863), and B. punetum, Bigot (1883),
ave certainly identical with the present species ; in 1908 T used
the former name in recording the species from Erythreea. But,

» BACCHA, 49

subsequently, the late Mr. Verrall recorded the Oriental sapphirine
from Aden, and Dr. Speiser has even reported it from Krythraea
therefore I now think that we have only one species, which is widely
distributed in the Oriental and Ethiopian Regions, like Paragus
serratus.

Eyes with a median brown band only.

There are in the collection six males and two females from Zun-
geru, Northern Nigeria, 29. iii 1911 (Dr. J. W.S. Macfie); also a
male from Durban, 6. vi.1908 (4 Muir). Another male from
Salisbury, S. Rhodesia (G. dA. K. Marshall), shows below the
stigma an ill-defined dark yellowish spot, extending over the small
cross-vein to the fourth vein, like that which I described in 1908 ;
Dr. Kertész has figured it as characteristic of the male wing in
Ann. Mus. Nation. Hungar. xi. p. 280, fig. 7@ (1913), but in
Ethiopian specimens it is often entirely wanting.

43. Baccha preusta, sp. n.

2. Length of body 8 to 10 mm., of wing 5 to 7 mm.

A black species, very like the preceding, but with darker antennas
and greyish hyaline wings, which have no apical spot, but are only
narrowly infuscate near the tip.

Head shining black, with bluish reflexions; frons pale-haired,
with a transverse whitish band on the depression; antennal tubercle
rounded and large, rather prominent; no distinct ocellar tubercle ;
facial tubercle small, but narrow and cariniform ; peristoma linear ;
face with whitish dusting on the sides; occipital fringe of typical
shape, white; eyes apparently with the middle band only ; antennz
short, dark yellow, almost brownish. Thorax and seutellum shining
black, without any yellow marking, clothed with sparse whitish
hairs, which are longer and whiter on the mesopleure. Halteres
and squamulz white, the latter with short white fringe. Abdomen
with a long stalk and the spatulate portion not very broad; it
is black, with bluish bands at the base of the third and fourth
segments, that on the third broader than the other; stalk with
long erect white hairs on the sides, the hairs elsewhere rather
long, but darker. Venter black. Legs yellow, with black coxe;
the tour front femora broadly black at the base, but the extreme
base yellowish; hind femora black, narrowly yellow at both ends;
tibize black, broadly yellow towards the base; tarsi black, with
yellowish first joint. Wings short and rather broad, rounded out-
wards, uniformly pubescent and therefore greyish hyaline; the
stigma blackish; the apical infuscation small, but very distinct;
third and seventh veins almost straight; alula and axillary lobe
broad; veins black and thick.

Type Q and four additional specimens trom Obuasi, Ashanti,
viil—xil. 1907 (Dr. W. AL. Graham).

? Male. A specimen from Durban, 1903 (7. Muir), seems to
be the male of the present species. Head, antennz, and thorax as
in the female. Abdomen with a long stalk, with the spatulate

E

50 SYRPHID &.

portion shorter and broader; legs with the four front femora
entirely yellow and the hind ones w vith the basal half yellow; wings
narrower and longer, without the apical infuscation, and with
more slender veins.

Another male from Zungeru, N. Nigeria, xi. 1910 (Dr, J. W. S.
Macfie), is very similar, but has the wings infuscated with a
vellowish-brown tinge. c

44. Baccha ? brevis, Avrsch (1887).

Near clar/pennis, having hyaline wings and a short abdominal
stalk constricted in the middle, but apparently distinct, on account
of its darker antenne and legs.

I refer with doubt to this species a female specimen from
Chirinda Forest, Melsetter District, 8. Rhodesia, x. 1905 (G. A. K.
Marshall), which is 8 min. long and has iE aise oe antenne,
with the third joint blackened above, and almost blaek legs, with
only the knees and the basal joints of the tarsi yellow. Th other
respects it answers to the description of claripennis ; the true
brevis seems to be smaller, only 6 mm. in length, and was found
at Loanda, Angola. The pterostigma is pale yellowish, not brown
at the base.

Genus 9. RHINGIA, Scopoli (1763).

For a long time the only known Ethiopian species of this genus
was that described by Loew in 1857; Austen added a second species
in 1893, and I myself a third in 1908; more recently four other
species have been deseribed by Dr. Speiser and by myself. It seems
that the Ethiopian fauna is very rich in species of this genus,
chiefly of the characteristic group of metallic-blue forms. Those
in the collection can be distinguished as follows + —

1 (2) Thorax and seutellum entirely yellow ;
frons of the female wholly ae > snout
wholly yellow, without black band; abdo-
men yellow, with very narrow black hind
borders to the SEOUNENUSS co eens cee es lutea, sp. n.

2 (1) Thorax either entirely metallic bine, or
entirely black, or with only the sides ‘and
pleuree ' ye soe,

8 (6) Abdomen yellow with black or blue bands.

4 (5) Sides of thorax and pleurze metallic seneous,

with only some small yellowish markings,

seutellum dark metallic; abdominal bende

black, that on the second segment not

dilated towards the sides.......... eee. semicerulea, Aust.
5 (4) Sides of thorax and pleure yellow; scu-

tellum yellow; abdominal bards blue,

that on the second segment greatly dilated

on the sides, ceeupying the whole of the

laterals bordensinwm cies, «chs ES ORAL pellucens, sp.u, Vo

RELINGTA: 51

6 (3) Abdomen metallic blue, more or less yellow
towards the base ; scutellum and thorax
of a metallic-blue colour,

(10) Snout reddish yellow ; second abdominal
segment more or less yellow, third with
a dull black or bluish hind Border.

8 (9) Legs entirely pale yellow; species of
c@rulescens, Loew.

Shiv Mowtsizie! NPs Ste Pa 2 a
9 (8) Legs strongly infuscated; species of larger

sow teenms . anced. teat Wasiee eee var. fuscipes, var. n.

10 (7) Snout shining blue. like the rest of the
body ; only ‘the first abdominal segment
yellowish towards the middle, third with-
out dark hind border ............. ... pyenosoma, sp. 1.

45. Rhingia lutea, sp. n

@. Length of body 11 mm.
A wholly luteous species, distinct from the allied mecyand,

siches in having the frons and the snout entirely yellow, and the
black hind border of the abdominal segments narrower.

Head reddish yellow, the sides of the occiput blackish, with dark
grey dust; frons shining, clothed with very short dark hairs placed
on small dark punctures, and with an ill- defined dusted band before
the supra-antennal tubercle, which is rounded, prominent, and
bare; face shining, with a reddish middle keel continued on the
snout, which is long and dull reddish, without any brown marking;
peristoma yellowish, whitish and white-haired behind ; proboscis
black, as long as the snout; antennze orange- coloured, with the
basal joints very short and the third longer than broad and some-
what pointed at the tip; arista bare, long, brown, broadly reddish
towards the base ; occiput with some erect dark hairs at vertex,
but without any fringe on the sides. Thorax reddish, punctate,
with very short dark hairs on the punctures; pleure with greyish
tomentum and almost bare; a blackish spot on the breast over the
hind cox; seen from behind the thorax shows in the middle
two ill- defined, broad and parallel, whitish stripes. Scutellum very
broad, semicircular, yellow, punctate, with short black hairs, the
punctures and the hairs being more developed along the hind margin,
which therefore appears minutely serrulate ; below in the middle
it is clothed with erect soft white pubescence. Squamule yel-
lowish, with a very long fringe of dark yellowish feathered hairs.
Halteres yellowish. inedien broad and rounded, less punctate
and more glittering than the thorax, the first two segments pale
vellowish, “the others reddish like the thorax ; first seament with

a very small black line behind, broadly interrupted in the middle
and not reaching the sides; second segment with a black hind
border, which is narrowed but not interrupted in the mildle ; third,
fourth, and fifth with a slightly broader black hind border. The
hair on the abdomen is very short and dark, only on the sides at
base longer and yellowish. Venter yellow, with black hind borders

on the sides of third and middle of fourth segments. Legs with the
4

52 SYRPHID F,

cox entirely pale yellow; front tarsi with the basal joint showing
at the base a very conspicuous but short black stripe. Wings
hyaline, with a faint yellowish tinge; subcostal cell very long, pale
yellowish, but there is no distinct stigma; veins black, yellowish
towards the base, the first being yellow throughout its whole
length; third vein strongly bent backwards at the end, and _ there-
fore ending be yond the tip of the wing, the submarginal cell being
greatly dilated at the apex.

Type d,a single specimen from Ruwe, Lualaba R., Belgian
Congo, e/rca 11°S., 26° E., ii. 1906 (Dr. A. Yale Massey).

A single badly-preserved male from Durban seems to belong to
this or to a very closely allied species ; it has no black spot on the
breast, and the hind borders of the abdominal segments are very
narrow and linear

46. Rhingia semicerulea, Arsten (1893).

Distinguished by the zneous, partly czeruleous, thorax, and by
the yellow, black-banded abdomen, the band on the second segment
not being dilated at the sides.

The determination is doubtful, because the specimens are not
well preserved; the subcostal cell is distinetly yellowish, the legs
are infuseated, the thorax, sides, and pleure are partly dark
yellowish, the frons of the female is shining blue, but the antennal
tubercle is yellow in front and black behind.

A couple from Blantyre, Nyasaland Protectorate, 5.11. 1910
(Dr. J. #. S. Old), the male with the proboscis accidentally pro-
truding, measuring ‘9 mm. in length, while normally the probos scis
is not longer than the snout: an immature female specimen from
Zomba, Nyasaland (Dr. H. S. Stennus). The species was origin-
ally described from Sierra Leone.

47, Rhingia pellucens, sp. n

é 9. Length of body 9 to 10 mm.

Allied to the preceding, but distinguished by its smaller size and
differently coloured thorax and abdomen.

Head of the male almost entirely occupied by the eyes, which
are united along a very long line, as long as 25 times the black
vertical triangle, and have the upper facets very large and redder
in colour than the others; eyes of the female with equal facets,
parted by a broad frons which is blue, very glittering, with short
dark hair, without any tomentum and with Phe ertecoal tuberele
dark reddish yellow ; face and snout in both sexes and the bare
frontal triangle in the male reddish yellow; peristoma yellow ;
antenne orange-coloured, the third joint a little longer than broad,
with a long es yellow arista, which is brown tomes the tip.
Thorax shining blue or wneous in the middle, clothed with erect
pale hairs in the male and with very short ones, inserted on small
punctures, in the temals ; sites of thores broadly, and pleuree more

RHINGIA. 53

or less, yellowish, with some metallic reflexions; sternopleura and
breast with broad black spots. Scutellum yellow, with metallie-
bluish reflexions, punctate, clothed with short dark hairs and
with some longer and_ bristle-like hairs on the hind border.
Squamulze yellowish erey, with a long fringe; halteres yellow.
Abdomen shortly oval; first segment ‘pale yellow, with a very
narrow black hind border, which is broadly wee in the
middle and does not reach the sides; second segment pale yellow,
with a narrow black hind border, which at the sides becomes blue
and dilated, covering the sides broadly and reaching the first seg-
ment; third and fourth segments reddish vellow, glittering, with
some faint metallic reflexions and a black hind border, which
also becomes blue towards the sides, where, however, it is not

Fig. 10.—RAtngia pellucens, sp.n. ¢. xX 8.

dilated, but only produced to the hind margin of the preceding
segment as a narrow line; the hairs on the base are longer, the
others are short and dark in the female, erect and pale in the
male; genitalia of the male reddish yellow, with black spots below,
pale- haired. Venter pale yellow towards the base, reddish yellow
at apex. Legs entirely of a pale yellow colour, only the tips of
the ‘hind tarsi darkened: the black streak on the front tarsi is
distinct. Wings hyaline, with a very faint yellow tinge, more
distinet in the subcostal cell; veins yellowish, daricened at tips,
following the same course as in P. lutea.

Type & and type 2 and a couple of additional specimens from
Nuwisi Stream, Nkana, N. Nyasa, 9.iv. 1909 (Dr. J. B. Davey) ;
a male and two cas from Bl lantyre, ea Protectorate,
ii—iv. 1910 (Dri J. HLS. Old); a male from the W. shores of
Victoria Nvanza, Buddu, Ug randa Protectorate, 3,700 ft., ix. 1911

5k SYRPHID ®.

(S. A. Neave); a female from Chirinda Forest, Melsetter District,
S. Rhodesia, x. 1905 (G. A. A. Marshall); two males and a female
from the oe locality, 3,800 ft., 3-20. iv. 1910, “ very common in
house” (C.F. A. Swynnerton).

48. Rhingia cerulescens, Loci (1858).

A pretty violaceous or neous species, with reddish snout and
wholly metallic, not banded, abdomen, which is more or less broadly
ye ‘ow towards the base.

The present species is of the same size as the preceding one, but
very different in coloration. The yellow on the base of the
abdomen is very variable; some specimens have only the first
segment and a median spot on the second segment yellow ; some
others have the second segment vellow, except on the sides, and
the third with a more or less broad yellow median spot. Basal
black streak on the front tarst very distinct.

This species, like the preceding one, in whose company it is
often found, seems to be very common. <A female from Marsabit,
British Kast Africa, 23.ix.1911 (2. J. Stordy) ; Chirinda Forest,
S. Rhodesia (G. A. K. pe and CL. fA. Swynnerton) ;
Zomba, Nyasaland (Dr. H. S. Stannus); Lualaba River, Belgian
Congo, 1910 (Dr. A. Yale Massey); a male from Western
Ankole, Uganda Protectorate, 4,500-5,000 ft., 12 14. x. 1911 (CS.
Ax eR

Var. fuscipes, var. n.

é 9. Length of body 11 mm.

Distinguished from the typieal form by its slightly greater size,
and by having all the femora more or less dark brown or black, with
only the apex yellow; sometimes the hind tibie also are blackish
in the middle and all ae tarsi darkened towards the end.

Type 3 and type 2 from Chirinda Forest, 8. Rhodesia, 3,800 ft.,
3.1v.1910 (C. #. AL. Swynnerton) ; a male eo N.-E. Rhodesia,
near UR. Chire, 17.11.1909 (Dr. J. B. Davey); a female from
N. Nyasa, Mt. Waller, 1.1x. 1909 (Dr. J. B. ane.

49. Rhingia pycnosoma, sp. n.

3. Length of body 10°5 mm.

A wholly shining cxruleous species, resembling a Pyenosoma,
very distinct from. any other on account of its ceruleous frontal
triangle, face, and snout.

This species seems to be closely allied to cyanoprora, Speiser,
and pulcherrima, Bezzi, but differs from both in the coloration
of the legs, and from the former in the thorax being all czruleous
without yellow markings. 2. cerulea, recently described by me,
is perhaps the female of the present species, but has a yellow face
and snout,

-
~

RHINGIA.—GRAPTOMYZA.

Head black, with bluish reflexions, with sparse grey dust on the
occiput, some black hairs at the vertex, and whitish hairs on
the chin; frons and face entirely bare ; eyes large, entirely brown,
in contact along a line which is double as long as the vertical
triangle, with the upper facets much larger than the others ;
antenne with the two basal j jo‘nts blackish, the third yellow-brown,
oval, longer than broad, with a long arista, which is vellowish
towards the base; face strongly shining, without anv vellow
marking; snout dullish black at the tip, with a dark yellow longi-
tudinal stripe on each side; peristoma entirely blu'sh black.
Thorax entirely shining bluish, the humeral and postalar calli
narrowly reddish; the back is clothed with long erect blac hair,
the pleure are grey-haired; scutellum like the thorax, deeply
punctate, eneous on the hind border, ana there with some long
bristle-like hairs, clothed below with yellowish hair. Syuamule
dirty whitish, with a long fringe; halteres dark yellowish. Abdo-
men entirely shining blue, the first segment only being dark reddish
in the middle below the seutellum : second» with hind border
broadly dull blackish blue towards the middle ; third similar, but
less distinct. The hairs on the abdomen are longer at the base
and dark externally, those on the back erect and pale, but those
on the dark portion of the second segment black. Legs, including
the coxe, black, the femora being very narrowly yellow at the
extreme tip; the four anterior tibie are pale yellow, the hind
tibie darkened as in the middle and reddish at the tips ; fore tarsi
less darkened apically, hind tarsi more broadly so; front tarsi with
a distinct basal stripe; first joint of front and hind tarsi thickened.
Wings hyaline, with a yellowish-brown tinge; mediastinal cell
more yellow ; venation typical, but the third vein not so much bent
downwards at the end and therefore the submarginal cell not so
much dilated at the tip; vena spuria not so strongly chitinised as
in the other species.

Type 3S, from Obuasi, Ashanti, 27. iv.1907, (Dr. W. AL.
Graham), a single specimen.

Subfamily Il. VOLUCELLIN &.
Genus 10. GRAPTOMYZA, Wiedemann (1820)

Of this very peculiar genus five species only are known from the
Ethiopian Region—one described by Karsch in 1887, two by Bigot
in 1882 and 1883, one of which he referred to a new genus called
Ptilostylomyia, and two by me in 1908. I have given a table for
the distinction of these species in my paper on Fea’s Syr rphide ;
but I now think that there are only three distinct species, viz.
suavissima, Karsch, very different from the others on account of
its blue abdomen; e7ttigera, Bigot, with its six black abdominal
stripes; and (riangulifera, Bigot, of which my melanura and

D6 SYRPHID&.

pentaspila are synonyms corresponding to the two usual forms of
the male and female. To these three species is to be added Paragus
signatus, Walker, from Durban, and perhaps also Wicrodon varius,
Walker, from Sierra Leone. From the Oriental Region no less than
nineteen species have been described by Osten Sacken, Brunetti and
de Meijere. The genus seems therefore to be mainly Oriental, but
Africa possesses some very interesting species, provided with very
pecular structural characters. All these species seem to mimic the
hymenopterous genus Melipona, which they resemble very much
i shape, colouring, and structure of the legs; probably they are
scavengers in their habits, as are our species oe Volucella.
In the collection there are the four following species :—

(2) Second and fourth longitudinal veins bearing
from the base to the middle very numerous
and long bristles ; basal joint of middle
tarsiin the male not dilated and as long
as the four succeeding joints; seutellum
with a yellow margin and a broad black
depression ; legs with black markings ;
wings with three narrow dark bands.... triangulifera, Big.
The second vein alone with bristles near
the base; species usually of larger 510%
wings with broad brown spots or Y bands.
3 (4) Legs usually of a pale yellow colour, with-
out any black marking ; ecutellum with
a very broad black depression, apparently
black with a-yellow berder; abdomen
yellow, with black markings ; : basal joint
of middle tarsi us long as the others taken
POS CEDON ace sal shay ais Re Fe Le avanthopoda, sp. n.
4 (3) Legs with black markings on the fontoxa
and ti bie; scutellum yellow, with a
small central black depression; basal
joint of middle tarsi short, and that of
the male dilated, only as Jong as the
next joint; abdomen black, with yellow
markings,
5 (G) Scutellum entirely of a reddish colour, the
median depression alone black; thorax
and abdomen with golden tomentum and
golden ha@irs( 1.0. Rao} ALLOY. dL Vinina@uced, sp. n-
6 (5) Sentellum yellow, with the basal half
black; thorax without golden tomentum
or Polder hairs. cha oueaag.: Gruss svn. Ghd, Sp: N.

ho
art
ay,

50. Graptomyza triangulifera, Bigot (1882).

A small species, readily recognised by the fourth longitudinal
vein being bristly towards the base and by the peculiar abdominal
pattern.

The male measures 5-6 mm. in length and was described by me
as melanura ; the female measures 6—7 7a , and was described by
me as pentaspila, JT am enabled to substantiate this synonymy

GRAPTOMYZA. Lrg

on account of the good preservation of the material collected by
Dr. Graham, while the specimens on which I founded these species
were badly preserved. Bigot described the arista as bare; but
this is an error, due to ddan fact that the hairs are easily aliaded,
like those on the eyes; in reality, the arista is shortly plumose, as
the other species.

G. pentaspila corresponds to the female, which is larger and in
which the third and fourth abdominal segments have the median
black spot divided into two by a narrow yellow line; G. melanura
corresponds to the male, which is smaller and has only a triangular
black spot on the third segment, while the fourth is entirely black.
The mesopleure have in both sexes a perpendicular yellow band,
attenuated below and in continuation with the sutural band.
The bristles on the thorax and scutellum, and the secutellum
itself are as in the following species. The four anterior legs,
including the front coxze, are entirely pale yellow; hind legs with
black coxe, the femora with the apical hel abruptly shining black,
the tibiz black, densely clothed with hairs, the tarsi yellow. The
first joint of the tarsus of the middle legs of the male is simple,

eylindrical, and almost as long as the other joints together. The
hind tibiee bear stout black bristles placed in a row along the ex-

ternal fore border, which are more developed in the female. In the
wings, the bristles on the second vei run from the base to its
bif Neato, those on the fourth vein are present only on the portion
before the cross-vein dividing the second basal from the discal cell;

but these bristles seem to be also easily abraded. There are on the
wings three brown cross-bands; the fir st ver vy short below the stigma,

not passing the second vein; the second broader, extending beyond
the hind cross-vein ; the third smaller, passing the subapical cross-
vein.

Five males and two females from Obuasi, Ashanti, v.—xi. 1907,
‘aught on window or in bush (Dr. W. A. Graham).

Graptomyza xanthopoda, sp. n

2. Length of body 6 mm.

A small. species, closely allied to the preceding one, but distin-
guished by having a bare fourth vein, less distinct median abdominal
spot, wholly yellow hind legs, and broadly spotted wings

Head shining black, the occiput almost without any tomentum ;
frons broad, flat, with a’keel and a round small fovea on each side
in the middle; the frons is clothed with almost yellowish hairs,
which become darker over the antenne, and is black with four
subquadrate yellow spots, two near the ocelli and two on the sides
of the slightly prominent supra-antennal tubercle, all these four
spots being in contact with the eyes; face shining yellow, mode-
rately pr oduced, with yellowish hair, and three ill- def ined Urdwhiish
stripes, one in the middle and one on each side ; peristoma vellow,
with whitish hair behind: vertical fringe vellowish: eves clothed
with short whitish hairs; antennize black, the verv elongate third

ite) SYRPHIDE.

joint being a little yellowish below near the base, with a long,
shortly plumose arista; proboscis shining black, with yellowish
labella. Thorax quadrate, punctate, black, with indistinet purplish
reflexions; humeri yellow, there is also another smaller yellow
spot on the inner side of adh humeral callus; sides of the suture
with an abbreviated yellow band; the postalar calli and a band
just before the scutellum also yellow; pleure shining black,
the propleure and a vertical band across the mesopleurz yellow ;
this band is clothed with long yellowish hair and is attenuated
below and dilated above, where it is in contact with the sutural
band. ‘The dorsum of the thorax is clothed with dark and yellow
hair, which latter forms a median longitudinal band, which is bifid
in front, a broadly oes od sutural band, and a complete one
before the seutellum:; there are also some very long black bristles,
a group of shorter ones in at and four very long ones behind
them, and besides a row of short bristles before the seatellabas the
external ones being longer and decussate. Scutellum black at the
base, yellow below and on the sides; the entire middle is occupied
by a very broad and deep depression, which is black and grey-
dusted in the centre; the seutellum bears golden-yellow hairs on
the sides and along the hind border, and four very long black
bristles, the middle ones decussate. Metanotum shining black ;
squamule whitish, with a yellowish fringe ; halteres white.
Abdomen oval, blunt at the end, convex, very strongly punctate ;
first segment vellow, with a smooth and glittering median depression
below the seutellum,; the sides produced anteriorly, forming two
very prominent tubercles; the succeeding segments are yellow,
punctate throughout, with only a linear shining band on the front
border of the second segment, before which the border is granulated,
and a narrow band on the hind margin of same segment; the hairs
are whitish and erect on the sides, “golden yellowish and depressed
in the middle, becoming longer on the fourth segment; there are
two lateral black stripes, one on each side, running from the pre
border of the second to the hind border of the fourth segment ;

the middle of the second, third, and fourth segments there are oe o
brownish indistinct divergent spots, forming the usual triangle.
The venter is greatly sunken, surrounded by a raised margin,
shining yellow, black at the end. Legs, including the coxze, entirely
yellow, the hind pair strong and thickened, with short but dense
yellow. hairs; tarsi darkened at end; hind femora with the apical
half a little reddish; hind tibie without stout black bristles
externally ; basal joint of middle tarsi long and thin, as long as the
other joints together. Wings with a yellowish- grey tinge : and the
usual venation, with no trace of a vena spuria ; ‘the stumps of
veins at the lower angles of the first posterior and discal cells very
long, longer than in the preceding species; stigma brown; sub-
costal cell yellow, brown at the end; the first oblique brown band
begins at the stigma and ends at the fourth vein near the small
eross-vein ; the second broader band begins at the end of the first

vein and ends broadly in the first posterior cell, where it fuses

GRAPTOMYZA. 59

with a brown band on the subapical cross-vein ; hind eross-vein

with a broad spot; end of the anal cell with an ill-defined brown

spot. re
Type Q.asingle specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 23. vi. 1907

Dri, MM Graham).

52. Graptomyza aurea, sp. n.

3 2. Length of body 8 to 9 mm.

Allied to the preceding species, but larger and distinguished by
the black facial stripes. the black abdomen clothed at the end with
golden hairs, and by the shorter basal joint of the middle tarsi,
which besides is dilated in the male.

Head as in G. wanthopoda, but a little more produced ; frons of
equal width in both sexes, with the two fovee merged into a single

cena —

Fig. 11.—Graptomyza aurea, sp.n. ¢G. X09.

broad depression, and the two lateral yellow spots usually fused
together along the eyes; the three facial stripes are well marked,
black, but not "broad ; hairs on eyes longer; antenne as in the pre-
ceding species, but the hairs on the eee a little longer. Thorax
with the colour and hairs as in G. a ‘anthopoda, but the golden hairs
more abundant and longer, chiefiy towards the hind border;
bristles similar. Scutellum ver y different, with a smaller and
deeper median depression, which is dark and dusted in the middle ;
the golden hairs are longer; the four bristles as in the preceding
species, but the apical ones are distant and not decussate. Halteres
and metanotum as in G. xanthopoda; squamule dark, with golden
fringe. Abdomen of the same shape and punctate as in the pre-
ceding species, but towards the end clothed with longer and denser
golden hair; first segment black, with only the middle depression
and the tips of the lateral prominences yellow ; second black, with
a median vellow hind border, abbre viated laterally and united with

GO SYRPHID- EF.

two yellow stripes, thus forming a perfectly quadrate black median
spot; the other segments black, the third bearing sometimes a
pattern like that of the second, or with a more or less broad yellow
spot; venter black, yellow towards the middle at the base; male
genitalia black. The four front legs are yellow, but the cies and
fe mora, except the ends, are black, the front femora besides are
yellow on the anterior surface ; middle tarsi very charac ‘teristic,
the basal joint being in the male disciform, nearly circular, and in
the female not dilated; but much shorter than in the females of
the two preceding species ; hind legs strong and thick, black, the
femora yellow at each end, the tibiz unarmed externally, the tarsi
yellow ; the hairs are dense and short ; first joint of front tarsi with a
black basal stripe (as in Rhingia), which is often indistinct. Wings
with a faint brownish-yellow ee stigma darkened at the base ;
ie ‘re is a single broad middle band, begin ming at the fore Hodes
before the end of the first vein and ending towards the apex of the
diseal cell: there is besides sometimes a trace of an indistinct
short second band along the subapical cross-vein.

Type 3 ,another specimen, and type 2 from Oshagbo, 8. Nigeria,
RALVLON De. Donk? Gt. Mayer ); a female from Tlesha, S. Nigeria,
23. vil. 1910 (Capt. L. #. Humfrey); two females from Obuasi,
Ashanti, 7-80. vil. 1907 (Dr. W. AL. Graham).

SQ

3. Graptomyza nigra, sp. 1

3 2. Length of ey 8 mm.

Near the preceding species, but darker, with broader facial
stripes, the base of the seutellum black, and the abdomen not
golden.
~ Head as in G. aurea: the four frontal yellow spots are very
small and separated ; the median facial stripe is shining biack and
very broad, the face therefore appe: aring to be black with two
vellow stripes: third antennal joint entirely black, with a yellow
and shortly plumose arista; eyes cl lothed with long whitish hairs.
Thorax as in the preceding species, but with shorter pubescence,
which is grey and not golden; the yellow markings are less
developed, there is no spot inside the humeral callus, the sutural
streak is smaller. and the mesopleural stripe is very narrow;
seutellum as in G. aurea, but shining black on the basal halt.
Squamule whitish and with a white fringe. Abdomen as in the
preceding species, but the pubescence is grey, mixed with black
hairs towards the end of the fourth segment; it is black, with only
two parallel narrow yellow stripes running from the fore border of
the second segment to the middle of the third; there is besides a
yellow marginal stripe, which is broader on the sides of the second
segment : venter black ; male genitalia black. Legsas in G. aurea,
but the hind femora only w ith the ete eme base narrowly yellow ;
the knees are also more narrowly yellow ; first jomt of middle 1 tarsi
of male distinetly, Put léss, lilated : the black hairs are moré
abundant. Wings with the stigmatic field yellow, black afeasie

GRAPTOMYZA.—PROTYLOCERA, 64

the base; there is in the marginal cella dark spot below the stigma
and connected with it; a broad band, as in the preceding species,
united with the less distinct pre-apical band in the first posterior
eell.

Type & and type 2 from the Uganda Protectorate, Mabira
Forest, Chagwe, 3,500-3,800 ft., 16-25. vii. 1911 CS. A. Neave).

Subfamily III. MERODONTIN 2,

Genus 11. PROTYLOCERA, Bezzi (1912).

This name was introduced by me to replace Stenasp/s (Senaspis),
which is preoccupied in Coleoptera; I had previously adopted the
name Dolichomerus, which, however, having tor type crassus, Fabr.,
is completely identical with Phytomia ( Megaspis). All the species
of the present genus have a common facies and are easy to recognise ;
but there are some variations, and forms with open marginal cell
or with pubescent eyes are perhaps to be included here. T' ihe genus
is eminently characteristic of the Ethiopian fanna.

We have in the collection the following species :-—

1 (10) Wings either entirely blackened, or with

a broad black median band.
2 (5) Wings uniformly tinged with purplish

brown, except on the hind border,

which is clear.
3 (4) Face, antenne, and legs red; thorax

black, with a short velvety - black

stripe on each side of the suture;

scutellum dark reddish .......... .. dibaphus, Walk.
4 (5) Face, antennie, and lees black, dorsum of

thorax covered with a light yellowish-

grey pollen; scutellum yellow ...... eliioti, Aust.

5 (2) Wi ings hyaline, with a ‘median brown
pand or spot.
6 (7) Abdomen entirely black, with grey mark-

ings; wings yellowish on the basal half, esaeus, Walls.
7 (6) Abdomen entirely yellow or black with

reddish end.
8 (9) Abdomen entirely yellow ; wings hyaline

with a distinct’ median black spot ;

scutellum blackened.............. .. wanthorriea, Bezzi.
9 (8) Abdomen black, with the last segments

reddish yellow; wings blackened

the base and along the fore border;

scutellum light yellow.............. hemorrhoa, Gerst.
10 (1) Wings yellowish ‘hy aline, without dark

band or spots.
11 (12) Face and frons black; seutellum light

yellow ; squamulze y yellow ; hind femora

suuple, heniah crdetossntiaiaadadeikl eenigihta; Bigs

62 SYRPTIID ©.

12 (11) Face and frons yellow ; scutellum black-
ish; squ: amule bl: rae with a white
fringe ; hind femora at the base with a
conspicuous conical tubercle ........ apophysata, sp. 0.

54. Protylocera dibaphus, Wa/her (1849).

A handsome species, easily recognisable on account of its red
face, antenne, and leeg, and the broadly interrupted velvety-black
band on the thoracic suture.

The present species was described as Mristalomyia rufonasuta
by Bigot in 1891, and more recently as Stenaspis gypseisquama
by Dr. Speiser; the identity with Walker’s ‘ylota dibaphus is
established after comparison by Mr. Austen with the type in the
British Museum.

This species seems to have a wide range in Tropical Africa, from
the East to the West Coast. In the prese ont collection there are
three females from Obuasi, Ashanti, iv.—vil. 1907, “sucking a cut
plantain stem” (Dr. W. MW. Graham); a male from Uganda
Protectorate, between Jinja and Busia or Mbwago’s, E. Busoga,

3,800—4,000 ft., 18. vii.—1. viii. 1911 (S. A. Neave).

55. Protylocera elliotii, dusten (1909).

Very distinct, owing to the densely yellow pollinose dorsum of
the thorax and seutellum, and the purplish- -brown wings.

Originally described from Ruwenzori Mountains, this species is
also w idely spread in Tropical Africa. According to ss deseription,
AXylota purpurea, Walker, seems to be very ie this insect.

A female from British East Africa, Ilala, Marama’s Dist.,
14 m. E. of Mumia’s, 4,500 ft., 18-21. vi. 1911 (S. A. Weave), and
a male from Yala River, southern edge of Kakumega Forest,
4. 800—5,300' ft. 21-28) vy. LON, ts. 22. Neave).

56. Protylocera esacus, Walker (1849).

Characterised by the yellowish scutellum and hind portion of the
thorax, the black abdomen, and by the wings being yellowish
basally and having a broad median brown spot.

This species is very common in West Africa, but in the collection
there is only a single female specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 8. Vill.
1906, “ caught on leaf cx coitd” (Dr. W. ML. Graham).

57. Protylocera xanthorrhea, Bezz

@. Length of body 13 mm.

Near the preceding, but distinguished by the entirely yellow
abdomen and different pattern of the wings.

Head black, covered with dense grey pollen, shining black on
the ocelli; lunula reddish ; facial tubercle broad and round, grey

PROTYLOCERA. 63

pollinose ; lower orbits and edges of buceal cavity reddish; frons
clothed with hairs, which on the basal half are erect, shorter, and
more white, and on the front half are longer, grey, and directed
forwards; face with grey hairs on the sides; antennal tubercle promi-
nent; antenne aoe black, with yellow arista; peristoma narrow,
horizontal, not desce nding: eyes bare, brown, w i the usual rounded
pale spots; hind orbits ‘above with long grey hairs and very short
black bristle-like hairs. Thorax black, clothed on the pleura with
long grey hairs and on the back w ith shorter ones, but on two
spots ‘before the suture and on two broader ones behind there are
short black hairs. Scutellum yellow, darkened above, with black
hairs on the middle and pale hairs on the hind margin. Squamule
whitish yellow, with a white fringe; halteres w hitish - the subalar
eallosity: yellowish. Abdomen yellow ; first segment “siete ; second
with a narrow black basal band, which in the middle is dilated into
a triangle; hairs golden and short, those on the base of the first
and second se ements are whitish grey, and on the second and third
segments there isin the middle of the hind border a triangular
area clothed with black hairs, and a similar one is to be pieced
on the fourth segment also. Legs dark reddish brown, with white
hairs, the hind Aalaes with a black fringe on the inner side; hind
femora rather thick, with the two usual subapical callosities beneath
and with a black spot externally at the base. Wings typical, with
very shortly stalked marginal cell and with a triangular appendi-
culated kink in the third vein; they are greyish hyaline, with a
broad brown median spot very like that ‘of esacus, but almost
interrupted across the second basal and discal pelle: fifth vein
bordered with dark towards the base; end of the marginal cell
infuseated ; basal half of the wings not at all yellow.

Type 2, a single specimen aes British East Africa, V o1, June—
July (C8: Betton). The species has already been diagnosed by
me in Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, (3) v. 1912, p. 416.

58. Protylocera hemorrhoa, Gerstdchker (1871).

Easily distinguished by the pale yellow scutellum, reddish end
of the black ndonem and brown median band on the wings
extending to the base along the fore border.

A female specimen from Nyasaland, 5 m. 8.-E. of Rifu, 16-17.
ix. 1910 (S. A. Neave); a male from Beira, Portuguese KE. Africa
( P. A. Sheppard); a female from N.-E. Rhodesia, Upper Luangwa
Valley, 1. viii. 1910 GS. A. Neave).

59. Protylocera nigrita, Bigot (1859).

Very distinct from any other species, being entirely black, with
pale yellow scutellum and squamule, and with yellowish wings
without any brown marking.

In this species the marginal cell has a longer stalk than in the
typical species, and therefore the subcostal cell is a little longer

64 SYRPHID®.

than the marginal one; but the shape of the head, the spots on
the eyes, and the shape of the kink in the third vein are quite
typical.

A single female specimen from Madagasear, without further
locality.

60. Provylocera apophysata, sp. n.

Length of body 20 mm.

Cosviy allied to the preceding species, but distinguished by the
yellow face and antenne, black scutellum, and squamule, and by
the conical tubercle at the base of the hind femora.

This species is doubtfully referred to this genus, with which it
agrees in general facies and the shape of the head, but from which
AS differs in having unspotted eyes, a lone-stalked marginal cell,
and a rounded, not appencdie rulated, kink in the third vein.

Head yellow, with grey dust on the oeciput, blackish on the
vertical triangle; eyes touching along a short Tea which is shorter
than the vertical triangle, bare, with equal small facets, without
any trace of the rounded pale spots characteristic of the genus ;

Fie. 12.—Protylocera apophysata,sp.r. <.
> y I J 2s

Left hind leg from inner sice. X 6.

antennal tubercle very strongly prominent, clothed like the frontal
triangle with golden- yellow hairs; face deeply excavated below the
antenne, its middle tubercle round but flattened, almost united
with the epistoma, which is prominent; peristoma narrow, noti
produced; sides of the face with golden-yellow hair; hair on the
vertex brown; antenn: short, entirely yellow, the third joint
rounded, with a dark yellowish arista. Thorax dull black, on the
sides with a dark reddish band running from the humeri to the
scutellum ; haus dark on the middle, golden reddish on the sides
and behind; pleure black and with black hairs, with reddish hairs
only on the upper border; propleure red. Seutellum rectangular,
blackish brown, with dark reddish hair, strongly margined behind:
squamule black, with a white fringe ; halteres pale yellow; subalar
callosity eochineale red. Abdomen. entirely dull black, with short
black hair, at the base only with grey hair; the fount segment
more narrow than usual, cylindrical, dark reddish ; the genitalia of

PROTYLOCERA.—PHYTOMIA. 65

very great size, swollen, rounded, dark reddish, asymmetrical, pro-
longed to the middle of the venter below, and there with a strong,
cylindrical, projecting piece. Legs short and strong, blackish
brown, the four anterior femora more reddish; front cox very long
and broad, yellow, grey-dusted, and the piece before them also vellow,
yellowish pilose, with a row of six short but strong black spines ;
all the legs are clothed with short black hair; hind femora thick
and short, almost arcuate, at the base below with a strong and
black conical tubercle, which is’ blunt and clothed with short
black hairs; hind tibie short and broad, bent at the base; tarsi
broad and flattened ; claws red, with black tips. Wings coloured
as in nigrita ; stalk of the marginal cell rather long, the subcostal
cell, therefore, longer than the marginal; kink in the third vein
deep, but rounded and not appendiculated; discal cell with a
long stump at the lower angle; anal cell dilated towards the
middle.

Type 3, a single old and damaged specimen, from Betsileo,
Madagascar (Rev. D. Cowan).

Genus 12. PHYTOMITA, Guérin (1833).

The very numerous Ethiopian species can be divided into three
groups. The first, or ballata- group, resembling the Oriental
crassa-group, contains the more striking and characteristic African
species. The second, or natalensis-group, recalling the Oriental
zonata-group, embraces the yellow-and-black banded species, the
new species fucotdes forming a link with the next group. The
third, or ¢neisa-group, very like the cosmopolitan Evistalis tenax in
general appearance, seems to be peculiar to the Ethiopian Region,
and can be divided into two smaller groups, viz. (1) the species
with broad black face and black peristoma, and (2) the species
with narrower yellowish face and usually yellow peristoma. These
last species approach the genus Simoddes ; villipes, Loew, was
described as a member of the latter genus, but I place it here on
account of its wings being without any pubescence. The male is
yet unknown.

It seems that many species of Ethiopian Phytomia, if not all,
have the eyes adorned with dark horizontal bands, which are
however, much less distinct than in Lr/stalodes, in which. besides,
the bands are perpendicular.

The very numerous species in the collection can be distinguished
as follows :—

1 (20) Body short and broad, thick, very different
from that of Lristalis tenav both in shape
and coloration.

2 (15) Abdomen with more or less distinct bullre

(2.e. rounded prominent tubercles).

(14) Arista plumose ; abdominal bulle well de-

veloped, very prominent.

Go

F

G6

La |

on
—

40

11

I4

ad

)

J
16

-_

SYRPHITD A.

(11) Wings with a shar} ly-defined, broad black

pattern; thid and fourth abdominal
segments each with three prominent bull.

(8) Body and legs entirely black, even the

abdominal bulle wholly black; wings
with the basal half entirely blackened
and with a single band in addition.

Third and fourth abdominal segmeuts with

the middle bulla encircled by a velvety-
black patch, the lateral bullee bare and
shining, distinct; sides of the abdomen
with black hairs ...... oes 2

) Third and fourth segments on each iste of

the middle buila with a broad patch of
golden pubescence, which entirely covers
the lateral bulla, which are therefore not
visible ; sides of the last three segments
with a fringe of golden hairs ..........

Body and lees mostly red or yellow ; abdo-

minal Bulle red or yellow ; wings almost
entirely hyaline at the base, with two
black bands on the middle.

Tibize and tarsi black; wines rather dark-

ened at the base; bulla on the second
abdominal segment red, black only towards
the fore border .......... Seto

Tibia and tarsi red ; wings entirely hyaline

at the base ; bulla on second sezment
entirely black... .... CAO Oe ea

(4) Wings either without any pattern or with

an ill-defined one in the middle; third
and fourth segments each with only a
middle bulla.

(18) Wines vitreous, without any pubescence

towards the middle, with a small, more
or less distinet deal band extending to
the prefurea; syvamule with a w hitish
fringe ; second ubdominal segment with a
broad ‘yellow band ; face without a. dis-
tinct lateral keel below, with the middle
tubercle not very prominent and grey-
Gustiod ses. scapes Pe a eee eos Coe

(12) Wings broadly pubescent to the subapical

and postical cross-veins, in the middle
with a broad brown spot ‘extending to the
middle cross-vein ; squamuize ‘vith a dark
fringe; face below with an oblique pro-
Enea keel on each side and with the
tubercle bare, black, very shining ......

(3) Avista bare; abdominal bulle but little

prominent, indistinct; thorax on the back

with dark and grey transverse bands;

wings hyaline, unspotted ..........03
Abdomen without distinct bulle.

(19) Thorax and abdomen with bright yellow

transverse bands ; hind femora half yellow
and half black.

bullatu, Loew.

aurigerd, Sp. 1,

kroevert, sp. 0.

neavel, Sp. 0

bulligera, Aust.

pubipennis, sp. u.

erratica, Bezzi.

PHYTOMLA. 67

17 (18) Thorax with a yellow band just before

the seutellum; “yellow abdominal bands

broader, well dey eloped on the third and

fourth seoments SESW ed. lecata sco st ons curta, Loew.
18 (17) Thorax without sucha band ; ; vellow bands

narrower, those on the third and fourth

segments usuily reduced to a small

lateral RC fee ae Sea ee ane eee natalensis, Macq.
19 (16) Thorax aud abdomen without such bands ;

hind femora black, dark yellowish only

Ot GHeIEXEEeMe ASC) .,; sce «ek scree acs .. fucoides, sp. n.
20 (1) Body elongate, not incrassate, very like

that of Z. tenav in shape and coloration.
21 (30) Frons ciothed with Jong and intricate

hairs; thorax covered With long hairs

on the back ; ; peristoma black ; face broad

and usually entirely black.
22 (27) Wind tarsi not shortened, of usual length ;

face entirely black, very bro ad; squamule

blackish.
23 (26) Second abdominal segment simple, of the

usual shape.
24 (25) Abdomen at the base with yellow bands... fronto, Loew.

25 (24) Abdomen entirely black at the base. « Var. melas, var. n.
26 (23) Second abdominal segment of a very pecu=
liar (perhaps abnor mal) BHAPO esas. ephippium, sp. 2.

27 (22) Hind tarsi much shortened ; face narrower,
yellowish, with a median. black stripe ;
squamulie whitish.

28 (29) Thind femora entirely black ........ .... villipes, Loew.
29 (28) Hind femora in greater part yellow ...... var. femoralis
3 = 5 : ;
30 (21) Irons clothed with short and equal hairs; [ var. n.

thorax with short hairs; peristoma yellow;
face proportionally narrow, yellow, binele
striped ; squamule wihitigh. beets. : incisa, Wied.

61. Phytomia (Megaspis) bullata, Loew (1858).

An entirely black species, very distinct owing to the numerous
black abdominal bulle and the extended black pattern of the
wine's.

Yhis characteristic species, which is not unlike the Tabanid
Thaumastocera akwa, Gyriinbg., was originally described from
Caffraria, and subsequently reed from Kilimandjaro by Dr.
Speiser. Loew compares the species with Ph. crassa, Fabr., m
which, however, the legs are very different ; especially as regards
the coloration of the legs, there is greater resemblance to the
Oriental Ph. chrysopyga, Wied. Speiser, in 1910, recorded the
male, which was previously unknown, but did not describe it.

''wo females from British East Africa, one from Mt. Kenia,
W. side, Meru-Nyeri Road, 6,500 ft., 22. ii. 1911, and the other
from S.E. slopes of Kenia, 6,000-7,000 ft., 2-12.11. i911 (S.A.
Neave).

)

6S SYRPHID ¥.

62. Phytomia aurigera, sp. n.

3. Length of body 16 mm.

A Hanulenrne species, very like the preceding, but easily distin-
guishable owing to the presence of four broad spots of golden
tomentum near the end of the abdomen, which also bears a golden
fringe on the sides.

1 “originally believed that this species was the undescribed male
of Ph. bullata, but after correspondence with Dr. Speiser and
Prof. Sjéstedt, I have come to the conclusion that this cannot be
so. With reference to the males of Ph. bullata in the Stockholm
Museum, Prof. Sjéstedt wrote: “there are no large spots of golden
tomentum on the posterior segments; isolated yellow hairs are

_

n

Big. 18.—Phytomia aurigera, sp.n. od. X 3.

certainly present here as elsewhere, but there are no definite spots.”
1 therefore describe the species as new, but it seems singular that
in the collection there are only 2 Q of bullata and only ¢ ¢ of
aurigera, while the localities of both are not far apart.

In the nearly allied Oriental Ph. chrysopyga, Wied., both sexes
have a gilded abdomen, therefore it is perhaps probable that the
female of aur igera also possesses golden patches on the abdomen.

Head and its appendages exactly as in bullata; the antennie
are even smaller, the third joint being almost Smrauilihe « the eves
are in contact for a very long distance, which is more than double
the length of the vertical triangle ; the facets of the upper half
of the eyes are of a reddish colour, and much larger than the
inferior ones, which are also dark-coloured and shrota three hori-
zontal dark bands (in the female of bud/ata at least four such

PHYTOMIA. 66

bands are visible) ; the frontal triangle is reduced to the wrinkled
supra-antennal area; the eight small, silvery dots on the jowls near
the eyes, four on each side, ate quite distinct. Thorax and scu-
tellum as in bullata, but the pleure showing traces of scanty
golden tomentum; squamule black and black-fringed; halteres
dark brown. Abdomen, as regards shape and bull, the same as
in bullata; the second segment is covered on the sides with a
light, silvery, shining tomentum ; the third and fourth show in the
middle, on each side of the median bulla, which appears as though
encircled by a velvety-black border, a large patch of dense golden
tomentum; the lateral bulle seem to be less prominent and are
partly hidden below the golden tomentum; the sides of the second,
third, and fourth segments are also fringed with rather long golden
hairs; the velvety-black border around rhe middle Guberele on the
second segment is very broad. Genitalia shining black and black-
haired; venter shining black, with sparse but long yellow hairs.
Legs as in bullata, but the femora seantily clothed with golden
pollen. Wings with precisely the same pattern as in bullata,
but the black band covering the middle cross-vein is distinctly
narrower.

Type 3, single specimen from the Uganda Protectorate, Toro
Forest, S.E. Buddu, 3,800 ft., 26-30. ix. 1911 (S. 4. Neave).

63. Phytomia kroeberi, Bezz/.

. Length of the body 15 mm.
if very handsome species allied to the two preceding, but distin-
guished by the predominant red colour of the head, abdomen,
and femora and by the wings being almost hyaline basally, and
having two abbreviated bi: ack bands in the middle. A’ short
diagnosis of this species has already been given by me (Ann. Mus.

Civ. Genova, (3) v. 1912,'p. 423).
Head reddish yellow, the occiput towards its middle and the
frons above dull blackish; frons almost bare, with scanty whitish

Fig. 14.—Phytomia kroeberi, Bezzi.
Winco O.) x 6:

pollen, the wrinkled area above the antenne dark red; face broad,
light yellow, deeply excavated below the antenna where it
is whitish pollinose; facial tubercle flattened, expanded on the
sides, not distinct from the epistoma; peristoma broad, but not

70 SYRPHID®.

descending, entirely reddish; face bare, with only short and sparse
incumbent white hairs; antenne yery short and small, pale yellow-
ish, the two basal joints darker; arista wanting, but probably
short plumose at the base; eyes bare, small, ate four indistinct
horizontal dark bands ; proboscis black; posterior orbits towards
the middle silvery shining ; face without distinct oblique ridges
below. Thorax dull Tinele, on the back, clothed with very pews
black hairs, appearing bare; a lateral stripe connecting the humeri
with the scutellum is dark red; pleurz entirely reddish yellow,
with rather long and dense golden or reddish hairs ; subalar callosity
dark cochineal-red; in front of the scutellum there is a broad dark
red spot. Scutellum dark red, almost bare, rectangular, margined
behind; metanotwn reddish yellow; squamulee black and biaeke
fringed ; halteres dark yellow, with brown knobs. Abdomen
almost as bare as the thorax, but fringed on the sides with short
golden-yellow hairs; first segment entirely yellowish red; second
reddish, darkened on the sides towards the hind margin, shining on
the sides and dull in the middle, where there is a large out
prominent tubercle, which is dull velvety black on the fore two-
thirds and shining red on the hind third ; third segment reddish,
strongly shining on the sides, where it is margined with black, dull
and dark in thie middle, with three reddish shining bulle, and in
addition two shining lunate swellings on the hind margin, making
in all five bull on ae segment alone ; fourth segment with three
bulle, and margined with black ; fifth almost entirely shining
black. Venter y Ale. dark grey in the middle, clothed with sparse
vellowish hair. Coxe aes femora red, the latter black at the
tips; tibie black, broadly white at the base, silvery shining, at
any rate in the case of the first two pairs; tarsi entirely black ;
the legs are shining, almost bare. Wings hyaline, without any
pubescence ; the extreme base 1s ibhiche from which a small
infuscation passes to the basal cells. the first being entirely in-
fuscated ; the subcostal cell in its entirety and the extreme tip of
the edbmirennal cell are blackened, forming a narrow black fore
border; of the two middle cross-bands, the first runs obliquely to
the end of the cross-vein closing the second basal cell, the second
includes the middle cross-vein, ‘ending at the fourth longitudinal
vein; kink in the third vein appendiculate ; lower angle of the
discal cell without an appendix.

Type Q,asingle specimen from German East Africa, Usambara,
Neuelo (Rolle).

1 have in my own collection a second specimen from the same
locality, which was presented to me by Herr Kréber, of Hamburg,
in whose honour the species is named.

64. Phytomia neavei, sp. n.

Very like the preceding, but smaller, with entirely red legs and
differently coloured abdomen and wings; perhaps only a a variety of
the foregoing.

PHYTOMIA. yall

Head as in the preceding species, but the yellowish pollen on the
middle of the frons more abundant; peristoma about half as broad;
third antennal joint darker, almost blackish; arista vellow, long
ee near the base. Thorax, seutellum, and squamule exactly

as in kroeberi. Second abdominal segment yellow, dull in the
middle, bearing two broad rounded shining yellow spots, one on
each side; hee bulla is entirely black and “gull with only a small
shining area behind; third and fourth segments as in kr -oeberi, but
darker and dull in fle middle, clothed wich distinct golden eee
and with the sides broadly black. Legs entirely red, narrowly
black on the knees only; white parts of tibize less COnSpicuoUs ; the
front tarsi alone are “phaek, and are also very short, as in the
preeeding species. Wings as in the foregoing species, ; but almost
entirely hyaline at the base; the two hilaele bands are less dark and
somewhat interrupted.

Type 9, a single agi rae from the Uganda Protectorate,
Entebbe, 1-11. ix. 1911 (S. A. Neave).

65. Phytomia (Megaspis) bulligera, Austen (1909).

Very distinct from all the foregoing species, owing to the presence
of but a single bulla on the thir J and fourth admiral segments,
and owing to the wings being hyaline, with only a short and less
conspicuous brown eal helo, the stigma,

This species, besides oceurring in West Africa, seems to be fairly
common in the mountains of 19) nglish and German East Africa;
in the present collection there is a single male s pecimen from oe
Uganda Protectorate, Mount Kokanjero, $ S.-W. of Elgon, 6,400 ft.,
7-8. ix.1911 (S. A. Neave).

66. Phytomia pubipennis, sp. n.

2. Length of the body 12 to 13 mm.

Closely allied to the preceding, but distinguished by its black
abdomen and especially by its pubescent wings—an exceptional
and aberrant character in the present genus.

Head entirely black; frons biothed! with dense and moderately
long reddish hairs, except on the supra-antennal area which is broad
ont high, shining black, with a few very deep punctures, and in
the centre a foe smooth line, divided by a median furrow ;
face broad and short, deeply excavated below the antenne and
there grey pollinose, bearing on the sides very short grey hairs,
under which the shining black eround-ecolour is clearly visible ; the
facial tubercle is perfectly circular, well developed, but not ver vy
prominent, bare, and shining black; from the lower border of the
tubercle there start two sharp prominent keels, one on each side,
which pass obliquely upwards to the eyes; jowls rather broad,
shining black; eves adorned in the middle with two brown hori-
zontal bands, from the posterior extremities of which is emitted, above

72 SYRPHIDE.

and below, an oblique band running to the superior and inferior
corners of the eyes; proboscis black; antennz short, black, brownish
towards the base; third joint oval; arista long, yellowish, feathered
with long hairs. Thorax black, covered with dense and_ short
reddish hairs; the ground-colour is deep black behind the suture
and grey in front of it, and consequently the thorax viewed from
behind appears to be banded; pleure grey pollinose, the hairs
becoming paler below. Scutellum brown, clothed with hairs like
those on the main portion of the dorsum of the thorax, reddish
tomentose on the hind border and below. Squamule blackish,
with a dark fringe; halteres dirty yellow. Abdomen entirely
blackish brown, somewhat dark reddish on the sides of the second
and on the fourth segment; the bull are black, disposed as im
bulligera, the largest and most prominent bulla being that on the
second segment; the latter also exhibits a basal band of short
yellowish hairs, which is broader towards the sides; hairs on the
following segments more golden. Venter black. Legs black, the
tibiz whitish at the base, those of the hind pair more narrowly ;
hair short and dense, mainly black on the upper side of femora and
yellow on the tibize, which are brown in the case of the two anterior
pairs; hind tibie broad, on the mside with a black, on the outside
with a yellow fringe; all the tarsi red, those of the first pair very
short and broad. Wings appearing rather dark on account of the
short and dense pubescence, which covers all the surface from the
fore border to the line formed by the subapical, postical cross-vein
and seventh vein; the hind border is therefore narrowly hyaline,
but in the axillary cell there is a broad spot of pubescence ; alula
also pubescent; the extreme base of the wings is blackened; there
is also a broad dark median band running from the stigma to the
end of the second basal cell; this band is darker towards the small
cross-vein; kink in the third vein deep, angular, with only the
rudiment of an appendix; lower angle of the discal cell with a
long appendix.

Lype 2, a single specimen from the Uganda Protectorate, Daro or
Durro Forest, Toro, 4,000-4,500 ft., 25-29. x. 1911 (S. 4. Neave).
There is also an aberrant female from Obuasi, Ashanti, W. Africa,
2 vii. 1907, ‘“Secaught on flower” (Dr. W. AL. Graham), which I
regard as a melanic form of the present species. The hairs on
head, thorax, and scutellum are grey, not fulvous ; the abdomen is
entirely shining black, even at the base and distal extremity, and
the hair, including the lateral fringe, clothing it is grey, not
volden; the fore tibie are black instead of brown, and the fringe
on the hind tibie is black on the outer as well as on the inner side.
The eyes seem to be without distinct bands. Wings with the
same pattern and pubescence as in the type, but the pubescence is
less developed, partly wanting in the anal cell and entirely wanting
in the axillary cell; the glabrous hind border is therefore broader ;
the appendix to the kink in the third vein is rather long,

PHYTOMIA. 73

67. Phytomia (Megaspis) erratica, Bezz:

Megaspis erratica, Bezzi, Ann, Mus. Civ. Genova, (8) v. p. 424
(1912).

At once distinguished from the other Ethiopian species of the
bullata-group on account of its bare arista, and very like the
Oriental errans, from which it is distinguishable owing to its
entirely black antenna,

The female, which is not yet described, is, apart from sexual
differences, ver ‘y like the male. The eyes have five to six horizontal
dark bands.

Typeot 2 , from Betsileo, Madagascar (purchased from E. Bartlett,
1878). Additional specimens as follows:—a male from Zomba,
Nyasaland (Dr. H. S. Stannus); females from Marsabit and other
localities in British East Aerice vii.—x. 1911 (Dr. J. Pugh, R. J.
Stordy, and Capt. C. A. Neave); a female from Durban, Natal,
26. x. 1902 (F. Muir). The species seems to be quite common
throughout the Ethiopian Region.

68. Phytomia (Eristalis) natalensis, Wacquart (1849).

Very distinct from any other African species, with the exception
of the following one, owing to the presence of broad, alternate
yellow and black bands on thorax and abdomen.

This and the following species are closely related to the Oriental
zonata, Fabr. (syn. cingulata, Snell. v. Voll. ), and its ally Ph.
(Bristalis) flavofasciata, Macq. (syn. zonata, auct.) ; they may,
however, at once be distinguished by the hyaline unspotted. wings,
which are totally devoid of pubescence.

Phytomia natalensis is widely distributed in Africa, but more
prevalent in the south; there are two females in the collection,
one from Durban, Natal (#. M/wir), and one from Marsabit, British
East Africa, 23. ix. 1911 (i. J. Stordy).

G9. Phy‘omia curta (Eristalis curtus), Loew (1858).

Although Phytomia curta is generally considered as only a
variety of the preceding, after examining a very extensive series of
more than fifty specimens of both sexes in the Hungarian Museum,
I am convinced that Loew was right in distinguishing if as. a
species. It is recognisable at once, owing to its short and more
rounded shape, the presence of a broad yellow tomentose band just
before the scutellum, and the greater breadth of the yellow bands
on the abdomen, which are well developed even on the third and
fourth segments, the latter being also very shining.

While zatalensis is more especially a southern form, the present
species is commoner in Equatorial Africa, chiefly on the East Coast.

A female from the Uganda Brofachorites Daro or Durro Forest,
Toro, 4,000—4,500 ft., 25-29. ix. 1911 (S. A. Neave): four females
from Obuasi, Ashanti, West Africa, viti—ix. 1907, caught “hovering
over swampy ground” (Dr. W. AW. Graham).

TA SYRPHIDE. :

70. Fhytomia fucoides, sp. n.

Length of the body 15 mm.

i his species unites the characters of the bullata-group with
those of the zonata- -group, agreeing in shaj ve with natalensis, but
not being yellow-banded ; it is disting uls shed by its black abdomen
and by the w ings being pubescent on the basal half.

Head black, erey pollinose, moderately shining; frons broad,
gently rounded, “clothed with rather long ‘and e! losely -set yellowish
hairs, which are dark towards the middle; occipital border almost
bare, white below; supra-antennal area rather small, dark reddish,
more deeply punctate than wrinkled; antenne short, blackish
brown, the third joint rounded, with a reddish arista, \ which is
plumose basally ; face broad, with short yellowish hairs, the tubercle
rather prominent but rounded, the lateral keels rather distinct ;
peristoma broad, shining black on the middle, yellowish pilose
beneath ; opening of buccal cavity small; probosci s black; eyes
small, purplish black, with (?) four bands. Thorax black, dark
pollinose, dark reddish on the humeri, clothed on the dorsum with
dense yellowish-red hairs, and on the plenre with paler hairs, though
those on the mesopleure are black. Scutellum dull Black lone
red towards the hind border, aaiveinba, and densely clothed with
erect cinnamon-rufous heir; squamiule black and black-fringed ;
halteres brownish; subalar callosity dark brownish. Abdomen
dull black, somewhat shining towards the distal extremity; the
hair is short and dense, longer towards the apex, coloured like that
on the thorax, but darker on the middle and hind border of each
segment. Legs black and clothed with similarly coloured hair, all
the tibiz whitish towards the base, and there pale pilose ; tarsi
dark red, those on the first pair short and broad. Wings hyaline,
with typical venation, the basal half as far as the base of the
discal cell appearing infuscated on account of its dense pubescence.

Type 2, a single specimen from the Uganda Protectorate, Daro
or Dae. Forest, ore, 4,000—4,500 ft., 25-29. ix. 1911 (S. A.
Neave).

There is in the collection a damaged female specimen, without a
head, from Madagascar, Ambohimitombo, 26. 1.1895 (Dr. Morsyth
Major), very like the present species, but distinguished by the
second abdominal segment being yellow ish on the sides, and by the
legs being quite black, except the tarsi which are bright orange.

71. Phytomia (Eristalis) fronto, Loew (1858).

A species resembling EF. tenaz, with hind tarsi of ordinary
length, very broad black face, and frons densely clothed with long
hairs.

Described from Caffraria by Loew, and not recorded again till now.
Typical specimens have the second abdominal segment yellow with
a broad blac ‘k hind border and a short black transverse band on the
fore border; the third and fourth segments are also yellow on the
fore border.

PHY POMIA. 79

A female from the E. side of edge of foot of Aberdare Mountains,
7,300 ft., British East Africa, 24.11.1911 (7. J. Anderson), and
another from Mt. Kenia, W. side, Meru-Nyeri Road, 6,500 {t.,
20. 11.1911 (S. A. Neave).

Other specimens belong to a variety which I call

Var. melas, var. n.
Distinguished by the entirely black abdomen, and agreeing with
the type in other r respects.
Type 2, an additional specimen, and ancther female from same
localities and collectors as the typical series.

72. Phytomia ephippium, Bezzi.

Very like the melas variety of fronto, but distinguished by
the peculiar conformation of the second abdominal segment.
Already diagnosed by me in Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, (3) v. 1912,
p- 424.

I introduce this form as a new species with considerable hesita-
tion, because 1t may weil be that the type is merely an aberrant
variety of fronto; but the singular conformation of the second
abdominal segment appears to be so re gular that it may be
normal,

Head as in fronto; the long and dense frontal hairs are mostly
black; the eyes seem to have four transverse dark bands as in the
preceding species; the frontal wrinkled area is black, as is the
whole of the face. Thorax and scutellum also black, but the scu-
tellum is more yellowish along the hind border, and the hairs on
its base are black. First abdominal segment normal; second con-
sisting of two transverse ovate lappets, the inner extremities of
which nearly meet in the middle line, and each of which shows
posteriorly a broad depression followed by a flattened margin. It
looks as though there were two segments abnormally fused tog ether;
the number of the abdominal segments i 1s, however, aomnelD All
other details as in fronto melas.

Type Q, a single specimen from British East Africa, 5 miles
inside Kenia Forest, near Luchi River, 9. 1. 1911 (7. J. Anderson).

73. Phytomia (Simoides) villipes, Loew (1858).

Very like fronto, but easily distinguished by its shortened hind
tarsi and narrower face, which is yellowish with a black median
stripe.

This species, the type of which was collected in Nubia, was
described by Loew as belonging to the genus Simocdes; the male,
however, is as yet unknown. I place ib in Phytomia on account
of the very broad frons of the female, which is very like that of
Jronto and allied species, and on account of the wings showing no
trace of the apical pubescence so characteristic of the typical species
of Stmotdes.

76 SYRPHID®.

Coloration of the face lke that - tncisa, but the pe ristoma is
black; coloration of abdomen as i 1 fronto, but specimens are
frequently found in which the alberta. i is hike that of the variety
melas, the abdomen being quite black with only the second seg-
ment narrowly yellow towa rds the base. Hind femora in typic: al
specimens entirely black, while in Jronto they are yellow at the
base. Squamulae of a paler colour.

Six female specimens from British East Africa: 5 miles inside
Kenia Forest, near Luchi River; Kilolo River, N. of Mt. Kenia,
7,700 ft.; and E. side of edge of foot of the Aberdare Mountains,
7,300 ft., all caught in February, 1911 (7. J. Anderson).

Var. femoralis, var. n.

Similar to the type, with the same coloration of face and base of
abdomen, but the hind femora are broadly yellow, with the apical
half black or blackened, and again yellow at end.

Type 9, and an additional specimen from Howick, Natal, 1903
Gir: Cr eqoe).

74, Phytomia incisa (Eristalis incisus), Wiedemann (1830).

Distinguished from all the preceding species of its group by the
short and regular hairs on the frons and thorax, by the yellow
peristoma, and by the whitish and white-fringed squamule.

This species is widely distributed in the south of the Ethiopian
Region, and has been ‘described several times under various names
In the present collection there are only two male specimens, me
Chirinda Forest, x. 1905 (G. A. K. Marshall), and German han
Africa, Uhehe District, 22—27. xi. 1910, 3,000-3,500 ft. (CS.
Neave).

Genus 18. SIMOIDES, Loew (1858).

As restricted here, the species of this genus are distinguished
not only by the separated eves of the male and by the narrower
frons of the female, but also by the pubescence at the apex of the
wings, which is always wanting in Phytomia. Hind femora more
incrassate. Eyes destitute of the straight horizontal bands seen in
Phytomia, but instead adorned with some sinuous and confluent
dark bands, which appear to be two in number.

I know only one true species of this genus, viz. :

Simoides crassipes, Fabricius (1805).

Very like the preceding species of the last group of the genus
Phytomia, but at once distinguished by its generic characters.

''he face is more or less yellowish, and striped with black ; the
peristoma is vellow, with a black oblique band on each sidite the
a femora seem to be variable, being more or less broadly vellow

the base.

SIMOIDES.—LATHYROPHTHALMUS. 77

The species is also widely distributed in the Ethiopian Region,
but seems to be very often confused with some other species
belonging to the preceding g genus. In the collection there are two
males and two females from. Durban, 1902 (#. Aur) ; Salisbury,
S. Rhodesia (G. 4A. K. Marshall) ; Oshogbo, Southern Nigeria,
x. 1910 (Dr. T. F. G. Mayer); Obuasi, Ashanti, W. Africa,
x. 1907, ‘‘caught on window” (Dr. W. ML. Graham).

Genus 14, LATHYROPHTHALMUS, J/7i: (1897).

I have adopted here for practical purposes the present group,
which is evidently an artificial one, based only on the spotted eves
of the male. It contains heterogeneous elements, such as jus
with bare eyes or with widely separated eyes in the male sex; but,
asa rule, the eyes are united and densely pilose on the upper half.
No doubt the naked-eyed species, with conical abdomen, form a
transition to Simotdes, from which they are distinguished only by
the spotted eyes.

The rather numerous species in the collection can be divided into
five distinct groups, viz.:—(1) Eyes bare, separated in the male ;
face produced below. (2) Eyes bare, united in the male; face
produced. (3) Eyes hairy; face produced, with a broad black
stripe. (4) Eyes hairy; face not produced, with three black
stripes. (5) Eyes hairy; face less produced, with a yellow tubercle;
body short and broad.

] (10) Face very much produced below, almost
conical; antennal tubercle very
prominent; third antennal joint
entirely black, or only narrowly
yellowish below ; black spots on the
eyes coalescent, sometimes fused;
eyes of the males touching for a
short distance or separate.

(7) Eyes quite bare; third joint of the
antenne rounded, wholly black ;
antennal tubercle and face grey
pollinose, the facial tubercle black ;
hind femora rather thick; hind taysi
black.

(4) Eyes of the male widely separate as in
Simoides ; fourth ventral segment of
the male with a long bilobed appen-
dage; hind femora yellow on the
basal half; fourth abdominal seg-
ment brown or blac ‘k, with the
whitish hind band alone; thorax
not Danded.j-sisd- ales elas oyve jarodestus, Wied.

(3) Eyes of the male united along a shout
‘line; fourth ventral segment with-
out appendage.

(6) Hind femora broadly yellow at the
base; thorax on the back with a

bo

ia)

i

Or

78

SY RPILLD_E.-

broad dark transverse baad behind
the suture; fourth abdominal seg-
ment with three whitish transverse
bands; second abdominal segment
of the female with an entire yellow
bands cit. donee Meee tena. she

6 (5) Hind femora wholly black ; thorax

ba |

m

without transverse bands, in the
male with four indistinct longitu-
dinal black stripes; fourth abdo-
minal segment without the central
whitish band; yellow band on the
second ahdominal segment in the
female broadly interrupted ........

(2) Eyes clothed with long hairs above,

more or less bare on the inferior
half; third antennal joint elongate,
yellowish below; antennal tubercle
and a broad facial stripe shining
black; hind femora not thickened ;
hind tarsi yellow with black tips.

(9) Front tarsi black, the same colour also

predominating in the legs generally ;
yellow bands on the abdomen small,
the first usually interrupted in the
middle in both sexes; abdomen of
the male with strong wneous re-
PLC RMOTIS. ue aherete ls toneie xen Sra hi iar

(8) Front tarsi yellow, at least broadly

yellow towards the base; abdomen
with broad yellow bands, the first of
which is not interrupted in the
middle ; abdomen of the male with-
out seneous reflexions ............

(1) Face not produced, almost rounded

below, or very little produced ;
antennal tubercle less prominent ;
third antennal joint yellow, at most
with a dark upper border; black
spots on the eyes usually not coales-
cent ; eyes always hairy, those of the
male usually united for a long dis-
tance; thorax with very distinct
stripes on the back.

11 (14) Face adomed with three black stripes,

the middle tubercle being black;
peristoma very narrow, not premi-
nent at all; seutellum entirely pate-
haired; pterostigma with a single
brown spot.

12 (13) Wing-veins black towards the end;

abdomen of the female with broad
basal yellow spots on the sides; white
bands on the abdomen smaller and
Jess striking ; black peristomal stripe
broad; venter black or black-spotted.

myiatropines, Speis,

gymnops, sp. N.

eusonus anderson, Var. ni.

melunops, Karsch.

quinquelinentus, Fabr.

LATIUVROPILTHALMUS.

13 (12) Wing-veins and costa entirely yellow ;
abdomen of the female naurowly yel-
low on the sides; white abdominal
bands broad, pure white, and very con-
spicuous; black peristomal stripe
usually not distinct ; venter yellowish
grey, unispottedat, 43 Lehiaen:s Ge

14 (11) Face without black stripes, the middle
tubercle being yellow; peristoma
rather broad and more prominent ;
pterostigma with a basal and also
an apical brown spot; scutellum with
black hairs in the middie.

15 (22) Second eens segment without a
black band on the fore border, or with
avery small one; first yellow band
never interrupted ; hind femora more
or less broauly yellow at the base ;
all the tarsi yellow, or yery 1] varely
the hind pair blackened at the tips.

16 (21) Abdomen with very broad black bands,
which are broadly shining behind,
the third and fourth sevments in
great part black; hind tarsi wholly
yellow, or only a little infuscated
towards the end.

(20) Third and fourth abdominal segments
with a yellow band, the third without
transverse white stripe; thoracic
stripes dullish or dull; hind femora
black with yellow base.

18 (49) Smaller and pale-coloured species ;
squamul pale with broad dark bor-
der; hind femora broadly yellow at
the base; black thoracic stripes
narrow, not broader than the grey
stripes, the median stripe distinctly
dpyidhd >. 2. SLse eh atte ennan wig E :

19 (18) Species of larger size and darker
colouring ; squamulee blackish ; hind
femora narrowly yellow at the base ;
black thoracic stripes broad, the
median stripe scarcely divided, the
lateral stripes more than twice as
broad as the grey stripes ..........

20 (17) Third and fourth abdominal segments
entirely black, the third with a com-
plete white stripe like the fourth ;
hind femora wholly yellow ; thoracic
black stripes shining, with a dull
black bord ery pio) asi taie ate sas Mecoust ses

21 (16) Abdomen wholly yellow, with narrow
black bands onthe hind borders of
second, third, and fourth segments,
which are all opaque; hind tarsi
black on the two apical joints ; all

.

1

ba |

yar. tabanoides, Jaenn.

trizonatus, Big.

Jlaveolus, Big.

vanthopus, sp. n.

SO SYRPIUID#.

the femora broadly yellow towards

the base: .'y.:. . 12. Gg PPOs Slee? Shivers ape
22 (15) Second abdominal segment with a

broad black fore border, which is

usually united with the hind border

in the middle line, the first yellow

band consequently interrupted in the

middle; hind femora quite black ;

all the tarsi black at the tips.
23 (24) yes with a few well-separated black

spots; sides of face wholly dull,

densely covered with pollen ; thorax

on the back entirely dull ......... . dulcis, Karsch.
24 (23) Eyes with very numerous, partly con-

fluent, black spots; sides of face a

little shining, the black colour of the

ground being distinct; dorsum of

thorax distinctly shining on the pos-

terior half’. 7 RV Yes. sae MBS Tees AIA.

Lathyrophthalmus modestus, Wiedemann (1818).

Very distinct from any other species of the present genus on
account of its bare eyes, which are broadly separated in the male,
and of its thorax, which is without any distinct pattern on the
back.

Originally described from South Africa as a [Helophilus, 1 think
that this is the species subsequently described by Macquart as
Evristalis analis; Adams has recorded the latter species from
Rhodesia, but, from his description of the thorax and fourth abdo-
inal segment, it appears more probable that he had the species
imnytatropinus before him.

The genitalia of the male are very characteristic; they are
globose, shining reddish black ; the fourth ventral seoment ter-
minates below in a long appendage, which is deeply incised in the
middle, appearing pilobeake the third ventral segment is also pro-
duced in the middle, but not bilobed. ‘The yellow band on the
second abdominal segment is often divided in the middle, chiefly
in the female, the anterior black band being united with that on
the hind border.

A male from Deelfontein, Cape of Good Hope (Surg.-Gen. Sir
A. T. Sloggett); another male from the Cape of Good Hope, without
precise locality ; a female from the Cape of Good Hope ( phage ke
by Rev. A. ie Haton). A small female from Stellenbosch, Cape
of Good Hope, xi. 1904 (G. A. K. Marshall), is only 10 mm. long,
and has the yellow hind borders to the segments a little broader
than usual; the eyes have no distinct spots, but the specimen is
greasy ; I have a very similar female from Willowmore, Cape of
Good Hope, in which the spots on the eyes are as usual very
distinct.

LATHYROPHTHALMUS. Sl

Lathyrophthalmus myiatropinus, Spe/ser (1910).

A very peculiar species, easily recognisable in both sexes by the
pattern on the thorax and fourth abdominal segment.

Dr. Speiser described the male from Kilimandjaro. The female
is very similar; the middle of the frons is clothed with grey
pollen, interrupted by a transverse moderately shining median band;
thorax with the characteristic pattern ; second and third abdas
minal segments with broad black hind borders, that on the third
being the broader of the two, fourth segment entirely black, with
the peculiar pattern seen in the male.

Abdomen of the male more conical and narrower behind than
in the allied species; genitalia rounded, black, with some black
appendages below, but the fourth ventral segment is merely cleft,
without the bilobate appendage exhibited by the preceding species.

A male from Durban, Natal, 19. iv. 1892 (#. Muir) ; another
from British East Africa, M’bagori’s Village, edge of Rednia Forest,
2, O00 mi bese b2 oan HOD: 06 2 oh. Coretee ); tal another from Yala
Bridge, N. Kavirondo, Br. EK. Africa, 24. viii. 1911, ‘on imule.”
(C. W. Woodhouse).

78. Lathyrophthalmus gymnops, sp. n.

3 9. Length of the body 12 mm.

Closely allied to the preceding, but distinguished from it and
from the other bare-eyed species by its hind femora being entirely
black.

Head black, dark grey pollinose; eyes reddish, bare, with many
round black spots, less numerous and mostly isolated on the lower
half, but very numerous and confluent on the upper half; in the
male the eyes are united fora very short distance, shorter than
half the length of the vertical triangle ; occipital border with long
grey hairs Fe vertical triangle Wack haired; frontal triangle
narrowly black and shining immediately above the antenne, black
pilose higher up; face very much produced below, conical, with a
small black median tubercle and a black border to the edge of the
buccal cavity; peristoma narrow and shining black, pale-haired
beneath ; epistoma with a deep notch in front; sides of the face
clothed with long whitish hair; frons of the female shining black
on the upper fourth, dark grey below, clothed with long and
closely-set blackish hair, wichh a small shining black subtr ianoular
spot above the antenne; hinula reddish : ‘antennz short, quite
black, the third joint very short and rounded; arista long, dark
reddish, bare; opening of buccal cavity long and narrow, linear;
proboscis black. Thorax moderately shining, black, clothed on the
dorsum with rather long grey- -fulvous hair, with some black hair
intermingled ; pleurze greyish, pale-haired; in the male there are
four inconspicuous longitudinal black stripes, which in the femaie
are scarcely noticeable. _Scutellum dark yellowish, blackish towards
the base, ‘clothed with hair like that on the thorax, with some

G

$2 SYRPHIDE.

black bristle-like hairs in the middle; squamule whitish, yellow-
margined and white-fringed ; halteres whitish. Abdomen of the
male less conical than in the preceding species ; first segment black,
grey-margined; second yellow, with a rather Broad” black basal
band, tapering towards the sides, which it does not reach; there
is also a short brownish band before the hind border; third yellow,
with a brownish and darker band before the hind border ; “fourth
brownish black, shining, with whitish bands on the fore border,
sides, and hind border, but without a middle band; genitalia of
the male shining black, with a single black appendage below;
fourth ventral segment simple. The hair on the abdomen is pale,
rather long on the base at the sides, dark on the dark portions.

Abdomen of the female almost entirely black, moderately shining ;
second segment with a yellow band, broadly interrupted in the
middle mal dilated on the sides; third segment with only a small
yellow stripe on each side ; egurth with the whitish pattern less
distinct. Lees entirely Bee clothed with short pale hair; knees
and base of tibize, more broadly in the female, yellow ; hind femora
rather thick, a little bent, almost bare below, with some black
bristles before the end; claws black, small, reddish at the base.
Wings hyaline, with a faint yellowish tinge, without any pubes-
cence ; marginal cell very short- stalked, as long as the subcostal
eell; kink in the third vein very deep, but rounded; small cross-
vein at the middle of the discal cell: this last cell without an
appendix ; anal cell dilated towards its middle; there is a small
black stigmatic spot.

Type 3, type 2, and an additional female specimen from British
East Africa, Kilolo River, N. of Mt. Kenia, 7,700 ft., 16. ii. 1911,
and W. of Mt. Kenia, 8,300 ft., 18.11.1911 (T J. Anderson).

79. Lathyrophthalmus euzonus, Loew (1858).

Distinguished by the prominent face, which is almost entirely
shining black like the antennal tubercle, and by the legs being
for the most part black. ‘The species longicornis, Adams, seems
also to belong here. The colouring of the Hbadinen appears to be
very variable, according to Loew ; the present specimens, however,
belong to a distinct variety, which I had previously regarded as a
good species. This variety may be characterised as follows : —

Var. andersoni, var. n.

$ 9. Length of the body 10-11 mm.

Head black, dark grey pollinose, whitish on the lower occipital
border; eyes clothed with dark and rather long hairs, and adorned
with numerous confluent black spots; in the male they meet
together for a short distance, equal to half the vertical triangle in
length ; occipital border with long yellowish hair above, almost
bare on the sides, and with long white hair below; vertical tri-
angle of the male moderately shining, black and clothed with

LATHYROPHTHALMUS. 83

black hair; frontal triangle entirely shining black, clothed with long
blaek hair; frons of female rather narrow, densely covered with
dark grey pollen, with long dark hairs (which become paler towards
the antennz) in the middle, shining black around the ocelli and
above the base of the antenne ; antennal tubercle very prominent ;
antenne black, the third joint elongate, rectangular, but rounded
on the upper side, with a yellow border below ; ‘arista longer than
the antenna, bare, dark red; face shining black, the pollen on
its sides very ee in the ee denser in the female; facial
tubercle small, shining, black, prominent and rounded ; face much
produced below; peristoma narrow and shining black, ‘white pilose
beneath ; epistoma deeply divided, the opening of the buccal cavity
long and narrow; proboscis black. Thorax black, dark grey
pollinose, somewhat shining, especially behind the suture, with
trace of dark longitudinal stripe s and clothed with long yellowish-
grey hairs, which are greyer on the pleure. Scutellum rounded,
yellow with metallic reflexions, blackish towards the base, clothed
with long hairs like those on thorax, without any black hairs;
squamuke yellowish white, with whitish fringes; halteres whitish.
Abdomen of the male with a metallic sheen over the whole si urface;
first segment black, bordered with grey; second yellow, with a
black border in front and behind, united together in the middle ;
thirl black, with a yellow spot on the fore border on each side;
fourth entirely black; genitalia shining black; hairs long, pale on
the base and on the yellow portions, black at the end and on the
dark portions; sides ‘and belly clothed with very long yellowish
hairs. Abdomen of the female black, with a yellow s spot on each
side of the second and third segments, those on the second being
broader ; fourth with a basal whitish tomentose transverse band.
Legs black, tibiz yellow at the base; hind femora not thickened,
narrowly yellowish at the base; front tarsi black, the others yellow
ut the base; hairs black, pale on the yellow portions and on the
hind femora. Wings hyaline, without pubescence, but with a
slight yellowish tinge towards the middle ; venation typical, but
the marginal cell very short-stalked, sometimes almost. sessile ;
second basal cell rather dilated towards its upper exterior angle ;
stigma dark yellow, broadly black at the base, and more narrowly at
the end.

Type 3. type Q, and three other additional specimens from
British East Africa, five miles within Kenia Forest, near Luehi
River, 9. ii. 1911, and E. side of edge of foot of Aberdare Moun-
tains, 7,800 ft., 24. 11. L911, collected by 7! J. Anderson, in whose
honour the variety is named.

80. Lathyrophthalmus melanops, Avwrsch (1SS7).

Very near the preceding species, and perhaps only a variety of
it, distinguished by the paler coloration of abdomen and legs, and
hy being “nown only from the West Coast.

Deseribed from Pungo-Andongo under the names melanops

G2

S+4 SYRPHID ¥.

and decolor, the first of which must be retained, in opposition to
Kertész’s Catalogue, which has the second. Karsch describes only
the male; the fhird antennal joint is elongate, rectangular, longer
than the first two joints taken together, black, narrowly reddish
below; arista dark brown, bare, longer than the antenna. The
female is very like the male, but has the middle black facial stripe
less broad; above the antennal tubercle there is a shining black
broad area; frons black, but in the middle with a grey transverse
band; hairs on the frons rather short and regular, mostly black.
Abdomen as in the male, with very broad yellow bands; fourth
segment black or only with a narrow vellow stripe on fore border.

A male and three females from West Afri ica, Obuasi, Ashanti,
iv.-vill. 1907, * caught hovering over wells in stream, or on com-
posite flowers” (Dr. WW. MW. Graham).

. Lathyrophthalmus qninquelineatus, Pubricius (1781).

Easily distinguishable from any other species here recorded
owing to the presence of three black facial stripes, and to the face
being rounded and not produced. The eyes of the female are
almost bare, with only a few hairs above.

Of this common and widely spread species there are numerous
specimens of both sexes trom Nyasaland, Fort Johnston, 2,000 ft.,
vi. 1910, dry season (4. Af. Barclay), and same locality, 1.1910
CH. N. Tate); from, Zomba, iv. 1910 (Dr. H. S. Stannus); from
Durban (Mitchell Park), Natal, 23.1.1908 (2 Mut); from
Marsabit, British East Africa, 24.ix. 1911 (2t. J. Stordy), and
same locality (Dr. G. Pugh).

82. Lathyrophthalmus tabanoides, Jaennichke (1867).

Perhaps only a variety of the preceding, from which it differs
owing to paler coloration and broader and more conspicuous white
bands on the abdomen.

Becker considers it to be a good species, while Verrall has it as a
synonym of the preceding, with a query. The male is unknown.

There are in the present collection some females from British
Kast Africa, Languaira, 11.ix. L911 (2. J. Stordy), and one from
N. Guaso- Njero, 7 7.ix. 1911 (same collector); also a female from
Massowah, xii. 1886 to ii. 1887 (D. W. Barker). This last is the
locality where the species was first discovered by Riippell.

83. Lathyrophthalmus trizonatus, Bigot (1858).

Among the members of the group characterised by a yellowish
facial tubercle, double pterostigma, and a band ot brown hair
across the middle of the seutellum, the present species is dis-
tinguished by having yellow tarsi and broad black abdominal bands,
the second segment ‘with the hind border only black,

LATHYROPHTHALMUS. 85

With this species begins a group of closely allied small species,
of which there are six in the collection. The thorax is strongly
striped as in quinquelineatus, the stripes being equally strong in
both sexes; the body is short and quadrate, while in all Tie
preceding groups it is elongite and conical.

The present species was originally deseribed from Gaboon; there
are three females from W a Africa, Obuasi, Ashanti, v.—viii. 1997,
ra ane in swamp” (Dr. WW. Graham).

S4. Lathyrophthalmus flaveolus, Biyo/ (1880).

Very near the preceding, but of greater size and darker colour-
ing, with the blaek thoracic stripes broader than the light ones.

Originally described from Senegal; some specimens of both
sexes Pass West Africa, Obuasi, Kumasi and Eduadin, Ashanti,
1.-x. 1907, “caught hovering in swamp or near stream, the ¢

hovering round head ” (Dr. W. M. Graham).

85. Lathyrophthalnius xanthopus, sp. n

@. Length of the body 11 mm.

Closely allied to the two preceding species, but distinguished by
the black thoracic stripes being somewhat more shining, and by the
third and fourth abdominal segments being wholly Bek without

vellow bands.

Head black, densely grey pollinose, only a little shining near the
vertex; frons clothed with dark hairs, which become paler near the
fore border ; ; before the ocelli there is a trace of a small black
transverse band; antennal tubercle very little developed, wholly
pollinose ; face entirely pollinose, the pollen grey on the sides,
yellowish in the middle and below, disposed on the sides in oblique
waves; hair on the sides whitish; tubercle yellow, not very promi-
nent; face but little produced, epistoma not deeply bilobate, the
opening of the buceal cavity small and round ; proboscis black ; peri-
stoma narrow, shining black, white-haired behind ; antennz entirely
yellow, the third joint short-oval, subquadrate, with a dark upper
border; arista long, bare, dark reddish; eyes dark red, with very
numerous and small round black spots, only on the upper edge a little
confluent; the hairs on the eyes are very short and scarce, brown,
confined to the upper edge, the greater part being bare. Dorsum of
thorax yellowish-grey pollinose, with four broad longitudinal black
stripes, which havea purplish sheen in the middle and are velvet-
black on the sides; the two middle stripes are close together and
become broader behind, the two lateral stripes are broader than
the dividing-lines and become narrower behind ; notopleural region
seneous and somewhat shining ; pleure grey pollinose, with a dark
horizontal band across the mesoplenra ; ; hairs short, pale yellowish.
Scutellum yellow, darkened at the base, clothed with yellowish
hairs, but with the broad middle band of black hairs very distinet

S65 SYRPHID 2.

Abdomen clothed with very short pale hair, a little longer on the
sides ; first segment whitish, with a black spot below the scutellum,
and a very narrow black hind border continuous with the fore
border of the second segment; this segment whitish, with a broad
dull black hind border, narrowed towards the sides and shining
near the hind margin; third and fourth segments shinmg neous
black, with a broad dull black band across the middle, and on the
fore part of this band with a narrow curved whitish band, which
does not reach the sides; last segment entirely shining zeneous ;
venter black, grey pollinose. Femora and tarsi fens fails
whitish, the hind ones reddish on the apical half; there are no
actual black markings on the femora, although these joints bear
darker patches ; the hairs are white, black on the femora and partly
on the hind tibie. Wings hyaline, slightly yellowish, with
vellowish veins and typical venation ; discal ‘cell with a short
appendix; stigma yellow, with the usual two small black spots ;
marginal cell short-stalked.

Type Q, a single specimen from 1 be est Africa, Obuasi, Ashanti,
“caught hovering over pond” (Dr. M. Graham).

86. Lathyrophthalmus vicarians, sp. n

d. Length of the body 10 mm.

Near the preceding species, but distinguished by the abdomen
being vellow, with narrow dull black bands, and by the hind tarsi
being black at the tips.

This species is very like the Oriental guénquestriatus, Fabric ius,
from which it differs chiefly in the colour of the legs.

Head black, densely covered with yellow pollen, which entirely
conceals the ground-colour; vertical triangle very small, dark-
haired ; eyes purplish red, shining towards the middle, covered
with small black spots, which are confluent on the upper part; the
eyes are clothed on the upper half with short brown hair, and meet
together for a distance equal in length to the frontal triangle ; the
upper facets are distinetly larger “than those of the lower part ;
frontal triangle broad and rounded, with long but sparse dark
hairs; facial tubercle yellowish, not very prominent; pollen on
the face disposed in waves on the sides, which are also clothed
with short yellowish hair; peristoma narrow, not produced,
shining yellow towards the edges of the buccal cavity; epistoma
not deeply bilobate ; opening of buccal cavity short and broad :
antennz entirely yellow, the third joint ovate, with a dark upper
border ; arista long, bare, dark yellowish on the base; hairs on the
peristoma yellowish behind. Thorax yellow pollinose, on the
dorsum with four distinct dull black stripes, of which the lateral
ones are only as broad as the dividing stripes; all the stripes taper
off before the scutellum ; hairs long, yellowish; pleuree grey, meso-
and sternopleura partly dark. Scutellum yellow and clothed with
vellow hair, with the broad band of black hair very well marked.
Squamule blackish ; halteres vellowish. Abdomen entirely vellow,

LATHYROPHTHALMUS.—-ERISTALODES. S7

on the hind border of second, third, and fourth segments with a
small dullish black band; genitalia shining black, small; hairs
pale yellowish, rather long, dark on the black binds; venter
vellow, black on the extreme border of the fourth segment.
Femora black, the four anterior ones yellow at base and at end,
the two posterior only at the base but broadly ; tibiz black, with
whitish base, which is broader on the four CER Ee tarsi yellow,
last two joints of the hind pair dark brown; hair whitish on the
pale-coloured and black on the dark portions. Wings yellowish
hyaline, witha double stigma and typical yellowish veins; marginal
cell short-stalked ; discal cell with a very short appendix.

Type 3, a single specimen from 8. Nigeria, Lagos (Dr. A.
Connal).

87. Lathyrophthalmus dulcis, Kursch (1887).

Very near frizonatus, but distinguished by the entirely black
hind femora, by the black ends of all the tarsi, and by the broad
black band on the anterior margin of the second abdominal
segment.

‘Originally described from Pungo-Andongo. <A single female
from West Africa, Obuasi, Ashanti; “ caught in swamp,” 27. v
1907 (Dr. W. ML. Graham).

88. Lathyrophthalmus dissimilis, Adams (1905).

Very like the preceding, but differing in the eyes having a larger
number of confluent spots, and in the sides of the face and the
hind part of the dorsum being shining.

The eyes of the male are united for a short distance, the length
of which is shorter than that of the vertical triangle ; owing to the
Jarge number and partly confluent character of the spots on the
eyes, and to the rather prominent face, this species forms a con-
necting-link with the melanops-group. ‘The pollen on the sides of
the face 1s very characteristic, since it allows small spots of the
ground-colour to be seen.

A single male specimen from Salisbury, S. Rhodesia (G. A. K.
Marshall ); this is the type locality, but the present specimen
measures only 7 mm. in length, while Adams gave 10 mm.

Genus 15. ERISTALODES, J/:/ (1897).

This genus seems to be characteristically Ethiopian, and has
few, if any, representatives in the Oriental Region, from which J
do not know a single species with certainty (¥ Aobusi and multi-
farius).

The species before me may be distinguished as follows :—

1 (8) Seutellum yellow, transparent, or only
blackened’ towards the base, clothed
entirely or at least on the hind border

8S SYRPHID®.

with yellow hair; pterostigma pale

yellow and short.
2 (5) Antenne yellow, the third joint darkened

along the upper border or in the upper

part ; dorsum of thorax strongly striped.
3 (4) Facial tubercle black; eyes with four or

three dark bands; femora mostly black ,

thoracic stripes shining and bordered

with black; fourth abdominal segment

without yellow band; upper facets of

the eyes only a little larger than the

lower ones ; occipital b: der i in the female

broadly shining black above ..... wees. plurteittatus, Macq.
4 (8) Facial tubercle yellow; eyes with five

bands; femora mostly reddish yellow ;

thoracic stripes not margined with black ;

fourth segment usually with a yellow

band; upper facets distinctly larger;

occipital border grey pollinose ........ barelayt, sp. 2.
5 (2) Antenne black, or only the third joint

narrowly yellowish below; doysuin of

thorax with less distinct or indistinct

stripes.
6 (7) Eyes with five to six narrow bands, and

not spotted between; face with distinct

laveralistripes........ +... ae ... tentops, Wied,
7 (6) Kyes with three broad black bands and

some spots between: face almost entirely

black, the lateral stripes therefore not

distinct saw 4eht. ah wai doxf.; Tuscicornis, Narsch,
8 (1) Sentellum quite iiack, with a ahilarch tinge,

entirely clothed with black hair; face

with two very broad metallic shining

stripes on the sides: abdomen without

yellow bands; wings strongly infuscated,

with a very elongate black stigma:

squamule blackish ...... pivey ress vile! Seyohellarum, sp. 1

&§. Eristalodes plurivittatus, Wacquart (1855).

Easily distinguishable by the four thoracic stripes being shining
and margined with black, and by the eyes, the upper facets of
which in the male ave smaller than in the allied species, usually
having four dark bands,

This species seems to be widely distributed over the Ethiopian
Region, but is more common on the West Coast. The eyes show
rather numerous black spots between the bands. There are some
specimens in which the bands on the eves are only three in number,
the first (or that nearer the antenne) being wanting or only
faintly indicated; these specimens are usually of smaller size.
Some of them, which appear to be immature, have pale reddish
femora, reddish peristoma, and also often the lower portion of the
facial tubercle yellowish. The yellow band on the second abdo-
minal segment is rarely wanting; the grevish-white bands on the

PRISTALODES. 89

third and fourth segments are sometimes reduced or wanting.
The black band or spot on the frons of the female is usually br oad
and intensely black, bat sometimes much reduced and less distinct.
A good character of this species is the broad, shining black, upper
eecipital border in the female.

There are in the collection two males and eighteen females of
the typical form: Obuasi, Ashanti, v.ix.1907 (Dr. W. AL.
Graham): Sierra Leone Protectorate, Karina District, x.—xi. 1906
_ he E. Arbuckle); $8. Nigeria, Oshogbo, ivi. 1910 (Dr. T.
F. Mayer); Tbadan (Capt. Leslie) ; British East Africa, Kenia
vines near Luchi River, 9. ii.1911 (7. J. Anderson); Nyasa-
land, Zomba (Dir. ZS. Stannus); Durban, 8. 11. 1902 (2 Wu)
Besides these there are three female specimens with only three
bands on the eves, but typical in other respects, from Sierra Leone
(J. Foxcroft) and from Obuasi, Ashanti, vii. 1907 (Dr. W. A.
Grakam). A female from Entebbe, Uganda, 1. x. 1904, has three
ocular bands, entirely black abdomen, and almost entirely black
scutellum, with only the hind border yellow. Finally, three
females, with three ocular bands, pale legs, and more or less yellowish
peristoma and facial tubercle, from Zungeru, N. Nigeria, 9. ill.
1911 (Dr. J. WS. Macfie) and Oshogbo, S. Nigeria, 1-11. 1911
(Dr ii F. G. Mayer).

Eristalodes barclayi, sp. n
3 9. Length of the body 14-15 mm.

A very distinet species, with 5-6 narrow ocular bands, sharply
striped thorax, and facial tubercle and edges of buccal cavity wholly
vellow.

This rather large species recalls E. ten/ops, from which it is at
once distinguished by the strongly striped thorax; it is also allied
to E. macrops, Karsch, which has opaque thoracic stripes and a
black facial tubercle ; it seems also to have some affinity with the
Oriental EL. arvorum, Fabr., which has also a yellow facial tubercle,
but has no bands on the eyes.

Head black, covered with grey pollen on the occiput and yellowish-
grey pollen on the frons and face ; occipital upper border in the
female also pollinose, only narrowly shining near the eyes; lower
orbits whitish grey ; vertical triangle of the male small, yellowish
pollinose, with dark hairs; orbital Horiler almost bare; eyes in the
male yellowish red, opaque below, purplish shining above, ‘and there
with broader facets and long brown. hairs s; in the female the eyes
are entirely opaque with very short hairs above; the dark bands
are narrow and show a tendency to break up into spots, chiefly
below, where they are attenuated ; there are also some black spots
on the hind portion ; in the male the line of contact of the eyes is
longer than the frontal triangle and twice as long as the vertical
triangle ; frontal triangle of. the, male. rather. ail and convex,
densely. yellowish poll nee, clothed with long dark hairs, which
become paler near the antenne; there is sometimes a trace of a
black median line, which becomes yellow above the base of the

90 SYRPHID 4.

antenne ; lunula yellow; frons of female wholly pollinose, even on
the ocelli; clothed with dense yellowish hair, blackish only in a
band before the ocelli, the transverse black band wanting or less
distinct; a thin black middle line in front, which becomes yellow
above the antenne; antenne placed ona less prominent tubercle,
yellow, the third joint elongate-oval, with a black upper border ;
arista bare, long, yellow. Face densely yellowish pollinose, with
yellowish hairs on the sides; the tubercle rounded, shining yellow,
and hollowed below the antennz; on each side of the tubercle there
isa shining black line; peristoma narrow, shining black, with white
hairs behind, reddish before the edges of the buccal cavity; opening
of the buccal cavity broad, proboscis black. Thorax black, yellowish-
grey pollinose, with sharply defined black stripes in both sexes ;
these stripes are rather shining zeneous, not margined with black,
the two lateral not broader than the middle ones and attenuated
behind; hairs yellowish, dense, and long; pleure grey, with long
grey or yellowish hairs. Squamulze brownish yellow, witha whitish
fringe; halteres whitish. Seutellum yellowish, transparent, shining
zneous above, darkened at the base, yellowish pilose, with a trans-
verse band of black hairs near the base. Abdomen yellow, and
yellowish-grey pilose ; first segment grey; second with a narrow
even black fore border and a broader one on the hind margin, which
is attenuated at the sides and triangularly broadened in the middle,
where it unites with the fore border, the yellow band being there-
fore interrupted in the middle; third and fourth segments similarly
coloured, but the yellow bands narrower, chiefly in the female, and
besides with a complete transverse whitish band near the fore
border; the hind borders of the black bands are shining, chiefly
near the middle; the abdomen is more yellow in the male than in
the female; venter yellowish, blackened at the base and at the
tip; genitalia of the male shining black. Legs reddish, the tibie
pale yellowish, the femora darker, those of the hind pair blackened
at the base and above; hairs pale; hind femora thin; tarsi
darkened at the apex. Wings hyaline, not pubescent, with typical
venation; marginal cell with a short stalk; stigma pale yellow,
black at the base and more narrowly at the end; upper fore
corner of the second basal cell roundly dilated ; small cross-vein a
little beyond the middle of the discal cell; this last cell appendi-
culated.

Type & and type Q, and four additional specimens from Nyasa-
land, Fort Johnston, 2,000 ft., dry season, vi. 1910, collected by
Dr. A. H. Barclay, in whose honour the species is named ; besides
a female from Lake Chilwa, Nyasaland, iv. 1910 (Dr. HH. S.
Stannus ).

91. Eristalodes teniops, Wiedemann (1818).
A Mediterranean species, widely spread over the Ethiopian
Region, and readily distingmshed by its five dark bands on the
eyes and by the very indistinct thoracic stripes,

ERISTALODES. 91

Six specimens from Nairobi, 3. v. 1911; one from British East
Africa, Kenyamkago (Dr. J. Pugh), and another from Marsabit
(R. J. Stordy); a couple from Durban (#. Muir); a male
specimen from Stellenbosch, Cape Colony, xi. 1904 (G. dA. A.
Marshall).

92. Eristalodes fuscicornis, Karsch (1887).

Characterised by having only three broad bands on the eyes and
the face almost entirely black, the lateral black stripes being
therefore indistinct.

Karsch has described the male alone from Pungo-Andongo. In
the collection there is a single female specimen, which agrees well
enough in its general characters. It measures 14 mm. in length ;
the frons is grey pollinose and dark-haired ; the vertex and a broad
band just above the antennx are black; there is also a broad dull
black band on the middle of the frons. Abdomen entirely black,
the first segment whitish cinereous ; the second with an indistinct
trace of the yellow band; third and fourth entirely black, without
white bands.

A single female specimen from British East Africa, Mt. Kenia,
W. side, 6,500 ft., 20. 11.1911 (S. A. Neave).

93. Eristalodes seychellarum, sp. n.

@. Length of the body 12 mm.

An entirely black species, adorned with bluish reflexions, and
having a very broad black band on each side of the facial tubercle.
This species seems to be allied to the Oriental EL. nigra, Wied.

Head black, wneous on the frons and bluish on the face; eyes
almost entirely bare, with only a few very short hairs on the upper
corner ; the eyes are red, with four regular dark stripes and with a
few dark spots interposed, more numerous behind ; in life they are
striped dull red and orange (note by the collector) ; frons shining,
black-haired, with grey pollen only towards the sides; lunula
yellow ; face with strong bluish reflexions, very shining, covered
with short whitish hairs on the sides; the grey pollen is distinct
on the sides, on the under border, and on two small lines on the
sides of the tubercle, the two stripes being also very broad, rect-
angular, and almost twice as broad as the middle stripe ; peristoma
shining, not produced; antenne placed on a slightly prominent
tubercle, entirely brownish black, the elongate third joint having
only a small dark yellow spot below; arista long, bare, brown ;
vertical and occipital hairs black. Thorax dark-haired, with long
black hairs on the sides, grey pollinose on the back, with four well-
developed dull black stripes, the two middle ones evanescent
behind and there somewhat shining, the two lateral ones interrupted
at the suture and attenuated behind; pleure shining bluish, grey
pollinose below, and black-haired. Scutellum entirely shining
bluish black and black pilose. Squamule blackish brown, with a

92 SYRPHID.®.

dark fringe ; halteres with a yellow stalk and darker knob. Abdo-
men entirely shining blackish wneous, very shortly dark pilose, only
on the sides with longer and paler hairs; the fore halves of the
segments are slightly greyish pollinose, while behind there is an
indistinct transverse dull black band, nearer to the hind border and
produced forwards towards the middle. Venter black and with
black hairs. Legs black, with pale and black hairs; hind femora

~

1

Fig. 15.— Hristalodes seychellarwm, sp.n. Q. X35.

shining, thin; all the tibize vellowish near the base, the anterior
four more broadly : tarsi black, the first joint yellowish; claws
black, with reddish base. Wi ings distinctly infuseated, with black
veins, the vena spuria being “also darker than usual; stigmal
spot very elongate, entirely black; the venation is normal, the
discal cell not appendiculate, and the second basal cell not dilated

towards its upper corner.
Type 2, a single specimen from Mahé, Sey chelles.

Genus 16. ERISTALIS, 2ondanz (1844).
The following species are represented in the collection :—

1 (2) Eyes with two bands of brown hairs;
‘hind femora thin ; wings without any
pubescence and with the kink in the
third vein rounded ..... pt ae tena, L.
2 (1) Eyes with unicolorous hairs ¢ ; hind
‘femora much thickened ; wings minutely
pubescent and the kink in the third
vein rather angular.
3 (4) Wings unspotted ; facial tubercle black ;
hind femora with the basal half bright
OULOW «cos wep mica gis spe tao .... @asyops, Wied.
) Wings with an apicel brown spot : . facial
tubercle reddish ; hind femora w holly
pani, Gacy hee eae. Cts... UL: meromacriformes, Sp, Ni,

rs

ERISTALIS. 93

94. Eristalis tenax. Linné (1758).

This almost cosmopolitan species is recognisable at once by the
two bands of brown hairs on the eyes.

It seems to be not common in South Africa, perhaps because it
has only recently been introduced. T'wo female specimens only
from Stellenbosch, Cape Colony, xi. 1904 (G@. A. AK, Marshall).

95. Eristalis dasyops, Wiedemann (1819).

In general aspect very like the preceding, but differing in the
unicolorous hairs of the eyes and the yellow hind femora, which
are black towards the apex.

This species is perhaps a Protylocera with pubescent eyes, the
shape of the head and the pale rounded spots on the eyes being
the same as in that genus; besides the wings are pubescent, the
marginal cell is short-stalked, and the kink in the third vein is
angular and provided with the rudiment of an appendix (v. the
notes-in my paper on Fea’s Syrphids, p. 432). The present species
is probably congeneric with the following, but not with the
preceding.

A female specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, 31. vii. 1907 (Dr. W.
M. Graham).

Eristalis meromacriformis, sp. n

. Length of the body 14 min.

y ery distinct from any other species on account of the apical
brown spots on the wings. ‘This species shows a great resemblance
to the American genus ‘Mer omacrus in the pubescence and pattern
on the wings, in the eyes of the male, in the hind femora, and in
shape of the abdomen; but the eyes are hairy and the face has a
well-developed tubercle. I place it for the present in Evistalis.
Milesia maculata, Macquart (1849), stated to be from Africa, which
was in my catalogue placed in Meromacrus, while in Kertész’s it is
left in Aflesia, is without any doubt the American Jleromacrus
cruciger, Wied.; the present species, although showing a rather
similar pattern on the wings, is very different, owing to the want
of any golden-yellow marking.

Head black, the lower portion of the face and the peristoma
reddish ; frontal triangle of the male very SOUS attenuated in
front, dark grey pollinose, and with pale hairs eyes dark red,
slightly shining towards the middle, entirely nee with whitish
hairs, without any distinct pattern and also without the pale spots
of Protylocera ; they are approximated at a point midway between
the antenne and the vertex, but not in contact; frontal triangle
erey pollinose, elongate, with long pale hairs directed forwards :
Junula reddish ; antenna placed on a tubercle as in Profylocera,
the basal joints reddish, the third brownish, elongate-oval, with a
long and bare, dark reddish arista ; face reddish, blackish above
and on the sides, where it is grey tomentose and clothed with
sparse and short pale hairs; .it is deeply excavated below the

9 |. SYRPHID ¥.

antenne, with a rounded prominent tubercle, which is united below
with the epistoma ; peristoma narrow, not produced ; lower posterior
orbits white pollinose and white pilose ; opening of the buccal cavity
broad, ovate. Thorax black, dark pollinose and with very short pale
hairs on the back, without distinct pattern, reddish on the humeri
and on the pro- and mesopleura; scutellum dark reddish, with
short pale hairs. Squamule pellucid, with a whitish fringe;
halteres whitish. Abdomen elongate, almost cylindrical, oraduaily
attenuated behind; it is entirely black, dark grey pollinose,
brownish towards the end, with short grey hairs; second and third
segments with a narrow yellow hind border ; venter grey ; genitalia
rounded, brownish red. ~The four front legs, including the coxe,
dark red, with black grey-pollinose tibiz and tarsi; hind legs with
more blackish coxe and femora, which are ereatly aeaied and
bear black bristles, but are not soothed below ; hind tibixe curved,
reddish, the tarsi black. All the hairs on the legs are pale. Wings
narrow, greyish hyaline, very thinly pubescent ; costal cell yellow-
ish ; chee black spot filling the ends of the marginal and submarginal
dais. not passing the third longitudinal vein, bat touching the Gaeta
infront and reaching the kink in the third vein; marginal cell
shortly stalked ; kink in the third vein narrow and tr iancular, but
its fore branch straighter and more perpendicular than the hind
one ; small cross-vein curved and placed a little beyond the middle
ot the discal cell; vena spuria chitinized ; outer lower corner of the
discal cell rounded, not appendiculate; second basal cell not
dilated at the end above; anal cell dilated towards its middle.
Type S,a single rather old and badly preserved specimen from

South Africa (R. W. Plant).

Genus 17. HELOPHILUS, Jeigen (1803).
Subgenus MESEMBRIUS, Rondani (1857).

All the species in the collection belong to this subgenus, which
is very characteristic of the Ethiopian fauna, and they all have the
elobiferous hairs at the base of the hind tarsi. They ean be dis-
tinguished as follows :—

1 (10) Thorax with very sharply defined black and
yellow stripes on the back.

2 (5) Hind femora of the male witbout a brush-
like tuft of black hairs on the inner side
near the base.

3 (4) Middle tibie of the male with the long
yellow pubescence present also on the
anterior side and extending only to the
first joint of the tarsi; hind tibiwe black ;
first yellow abdominal band of the female
interrupted in the middle ............ capensis, Macq.

(3) Middle tibiwe of the male with the yellow
pubescence only on the posterior side and
extending te the four first joints of the

ee

HELOPHILUS.

tarsi; hind tib’e broadly yellow towards
the base ; first yellow abdominal band of
the femMalereMtMera. ce a. «neler

5 (2) Hind femora of the male with a brush-like

tuft of dense black hairs on the inner
side near the base.

6 (9) Middle yellow stripe on the thorax wanting
or very narrow; abdomen of the female
with the black hind borders of tbe seg-
ments well developed.

Fourth abdominal segment of the male
with a small furrow on each side, which
is densely covered with golden hairs
forming short longitudinal stripes ; middle

ellow thoracic stripe wanting ........

8 (7) Fourth abdominal segment with the usual
pubescence, without any furrows ; middle

thoracic stripe very narrow, but distinct..

9 (6) Middle yellow thoracic stripe very broad ;
hind portion of the abdominal segments

grey, without a black border ..........

10 (1) Thorax on the back with less distinct
stripes or even not striped at all.

11 (12) Seutellum yellow; front tarsi reddish ;
wings greyish hyaline ; eyes of the male
touching ; tibie with long black hairs,
those of the hind legs with a strong
fanless | Coe aoo Sos SOR bob edo oO

12 (11) Scutellum and front tarsi black; wings
strongly infuscated and with purplish-blue
reflexions.

13 (14) Scutellum black, with a yellowish hind
border; abdomen in great part reddish,
with black markings; eyes of the male a
little separated; tibie with short and
partly pale-coloured hairs, those of the
hind legs without tubercle ............

14 (13) Scutellum and abdomen entirely black... .

ba |
~~
[@.0)
——

Je)
ri

lagopus, Loew.

strigilatus, Bezzi.

minor, Sp. N.

7, y
africanus, Verr.

inyratus, Loew.

cyanipennis, sp. 1,
mori, 8p. ND.

97. H. (Mesembrius) capensis, Wacquart (1842).

T think that the present species is possibly the same as the ea/fer
of Loew, because it is the commonest of all the South African

species.

A couple of specimens from Blantyre, Nyasaland, 25-25. iv.
1910 (Dr. J. E. S. Old); a couple from Durban (Ff. Aluir) ;
three males from Kenyamkago, British East Africa (Dr. J. Pugh);
some specimens from Chintechi, Nyasaland (Dr. #. S. Stannus) .
a male from Uganda (Capt. H. D. W. Greig); N. Nyasa, near

mouth of R. Rumpl, 12. v. (Dr. J. B. Davey).

98. H. (Mesembrius) lagopus, Loew (1860).
A male from Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia (G. A. K. Marshall) ;

a female from Durban, 1.1908 (Ff. Muir).

96 SYRPHID_E.

99. H. (Mesembrius) strigilatus, Bezz: (1912).

Recently described by me from French Congo and Portuguese
Guinea.

There are in the collection two female specimens from Busoga,
Uganda, iii. 1906 (Dr. 4. D. P. Hodges), and a female from
Obuasi, Ashanti (Dr. W. VW. Graham), which I refer with some
doubt to this species.

100. H. (Mesembrius) minor, sp. n

3 2. Length of the body 11°5—12 mm.

A small species, nearly allied to the preceding one, but distin-
guished by the simple last abdominal segment of the male, by the
Bice pattern of the female, and in both sexes by the narrow
median pale line on the thorax.

Head black, covered with dense yellowish pollen, the ocellar
triangle alone being shining black; all the hairs are yellowish ;
antennal tubercle and middle line of the face also shining black ;
antenne entirely black, the third joint rounded, with a dark
reddish-brown arista; eyes brown, unicolorous, bare, touching
along a short line in the male, separated as usual in the female ;
proboscis black. Thorax yellowish grey on the back, with three
black stripes, the middle one abbrey tated behind and divided by a
very narrow median pale line; pleure grey, more densely pollinose
towards the middle; scutellum yellowish, darkened at the base.
All the hairs on the thorax are pale. Halteres whitish; squamule
yellowish, with a yellowish fringe. Abdomen reddish yellow, the
lateral spots on the second segment in the male more yellow than
in the female; first segment black; second with the usual
A-shaped median black mark and with a reddish hind border ;
third segment with a similar median mark, which, however, is not
dilated forwards and is more erey behind; four th erey, yellowish
on the sides and behind, with a dull black spot towards the middle
of fore portion; genitalia black; belly pale yellow; all the hairs
long and pale. In the female the first segment is grey, yellowish
towards the sides ; the yellow band on the second is not interrupted
in the middle; the third and fourth are grey, yellowish on the
sides, with an arched transverse black band ; the fifth is tr angular,
grey at the base, shining black at the apex. Legs black, erey
pollinose, and with pale hairs; tips of the femora, tibix, and basal
joints of tarsi yellow, in the male more broadly, the front tarsi
being even entire ‘ly yellow; hind femora of the male thickened
with an external yellow fringe, provided below near the base with

. brush-like tuft of dense black and brown hairs; before the end
the ve is a not very prominent black-haired tubercle and on the out-
side in the apical third there is an elongate, deep, shining furrow ;
hind tibie curved, black on the apic ‘al half; hind tarsi entirely
black. Wings greyish hyaline, witha faint yellowish tinge near the
base ; the veins are black externally ; discal cell not appendiculate ;
kink in the third vein not very deep, but broad and rounded.

HELOPHILUS. 97

Type 3 from Chintechi, Nyasaland (Dr. H. WS. Stannus), and
an additional specimen from North Nyasa, Songwe River, 17. ix.
1909 (Dr. J. B. Davey); type 2 and another specimen from N.
of Mount Kenia, near Crater Lake, 5,700 ft., 15. ii.1911 (7. J.
Anderson).

101. H. (Mesembrius) africanus, Verrall (1898).

A single female specimen from British East Africa, Makindu,
3,300 ft., 5-7. iv. 1911 (S.A. Neave), which agrees very well with
the description of this species from Aden, but also with that of
senegalensis, Macq.

102. H. (Mesembrius) ingratus, Loew (1858).

A very distinct species, with entirely black legs. Front tarsi of
the male short and broad, yellow; the first joint bears on the out-
side a tuft of black hairs, which are like those of the tibiw; the
last joint has two very distinct black rounded spots. Hind tibia
with a prominent tubercle on the last third; hind tarsi black, the
first joint rather swollen.

The present species shows a great many characters of the genus
Prionotomyia, Bigot, which is therefore probably synonymous
with Mesembrius *. Two males from N.E. side of Lake Albert
Edward, Uganda, 1906 (Dr. A, D. P. Hodges); a couple from
Durban, 26. x. 1902 (#1. Muir); some additional specimens of both
sexes from Uganda, various localities (Dr. R. van Someren).

105. H. (Mesembrius) cyanipennis, sp. n.

3 2. Length of the body 10-12 mm.

A very distinct black species, with the abdomen mainly reddish and
with infuscated wings, which have very strong bluisn reflexions.

Head black, the frons with black, the occiput with yellowish,
and the face with white, hair; face with a faint whitish pollen,
the median black stripe being therefore indistinct; antenne
entirely black, the third joint rounded; face with a distinct but
not very prominent tubercle; eyes bare, unicolorous, in the male
approximated but not touching; frons of female shining black,
with an indistinct transverse greyish band in the middle. Thorax
and scutellum entirely black, slightly shining, but the scutellum
reddish along the hind border; the hair is short and grey, longer
and paler on the pleure; the thorax shows no distinct stripes on
the back, but two parallel rather distinct longitudinal furrows.
Squamule pure white and with a white fringe; halteres yellowish.
Abdomen of male more red than yellow; first segment black ;

* Since this was written Dr. Speiser has shown that the synonymy hero
suggested is correct.
iL

9S SYRPHID®.

second with a broad black band, which does not reach the hind
border, is dilated fowards, and is on each side a yellowish spot ;
third entirely red, with a small black basal spot; fourth red;
genitalia and venter shining dark red; the hair is long, yellowish
or reddish. In the female the colouring of the abdomen seems to
be variable ; in the type it is very like that of the male, the black
stripe of the second segment being dilated on the hind border ;
most of the other specimens have the band of the second segment
extended to the sides towards the hind border, the third and fourth
similarly marked, and the fifth entirely black. Legs black, with the
base of the tibia and tarsi more or less yellow, ne nitddile tibie of
the female often entirely yellow. Hind femora equally thickened
in both sexes, those of the male simple, without the basal brush ;
hind tibize simple, without a tubercle; middle tibize of the male
with a posterior apical tuft composed of 5-7 strong erect hairs.
Wings more or less darkened, with very eharncbenehe strong
bluish reflexions; veins black to the base; kink in the third deep
and narrow ; lower corner of the discal cell with a short but strong
stump.

Type & from Entebbe, Uganda, 1—-21.ix.1911 (S. A. Neave),
and an additional specimen of smaller size from Obuasi, Ashanti,
20.v.1907 (Dr. W. M. Graham); type 2 and an additional
specimen, viii. 1906, same locality and collector; four other speci-
mens of the variety with the apex of the abdomen black, April to
August, same locality and collector.

104. H. (Mesembrius) morio, sp. n.
@. Length of the body 12-18 mm.

Possibly only a dark variety of the preceding ; distinguised by
its entirely black scutellum and abdomen.

Head and antenne as in I. cyanipennis, but the basal joints
and the lunula are somewhat yellowish. The thorax is very like,
but the pleure are darker and with darker pubescence. Abdomen
entirely black, shining, even on the belly; second segment with a
dull black pattern of the usual shape. Legs as in the preceding
species; also the wings, which are even more infuscated towards
the middle and more blue.

Type 2 and an additional specimen from Nguelo, Usambara,
German East Africa.

Genus 18. MALLOTA, Mezgen (1822).

I here employ this genus in its widest sense, placing in it
He lophilus extremus, Loew, and my species, AZ. enigma. It
differs from Mesembrius in having the eyes densely pilose and the
face concave below the antenne, w vith a distinct tubercle; and from
Protylocera by the hairy eyes and the open marginal cell. The
single known male has the eves separated.

MALLOTA. 99

1 (4) Hind femora moderately thickened ; yellow
band of the 2nd abdominal segment entire.
2 (3) Third abdominal segment with a broad basal
yellow band and the fourth with a narrower
one; hind borders of segments 2 to 4
with a yellow line ; tarsi yellow; eyes
with long hair; marginal cell widely
GPRM E NE nets. oe eto e ed 8 neta. otet wees @ngma, Bezzi.
3 (2) Third abdominal segment wholly black and
no yellow line at the hind border of the
segments; tarsi dark brown; eyes with
short hair; marginal cell narrowly open.. extrema, Loew.
4 (1) Hind femora exceedingly thick; yellow band
of the second segment broadly interrupted
HPC BECUC ode nis ue scp set nas PUCRPMENG, Sp. 1,

Of the species extrema I have not seen any specimens, but is
included here for comparison.

105. Mallota enigma, Bezzi (1912).

Recently described by me from the Island of Fernando Po.
There is a single female from Chirinda Forest, x. 1905 (G. A.W.
Marshall), which agrees well enough with the type. The black
spot at the base of all the femora is present, as well as in the two
other species.

106. Mallota pachymera, sp. n.

3 2. Length of the body in the male 10 mm.; in the female
13°5 mm,

Kasily recognised by the enormously thickened hind femora and
by the abdominal pattern; notwithstanding the difference in the
size, I believe that the two specimens belong to the same species.
Head shining biack, but covered with long and dense greyish hair ;
sides of the tace grey pollinose, and therefore there is a broad black
band in the middle; antennal tubercle prominent; face hollowed
below the antenne and with a broad rounded tuberele; lunula
yellow; eyes with no distinct spots, clothed with long and dens2
grey hair; eyes of the male approximated on the middle of the
trons, ae not touching ; antennw black, the basal joints reddish,
the third ovate, twice as long as the two others, with a bare, dark
yellowish arista. Back of the thorax grey, not striped, clothed
with rather long greyish hair, longer on the pleure ; scutellum
yellow, with long hair. Squamulz lurid, with a grey fringe;
halteres whitish. Abdomen shining black, clothed with rather
long grey hair, shorter in the female, black at the hind border of
the segments; the first segment is yellowish-grey with a basal
black spot below the seutellum ; second with two indistinct and
narrow yellow spots on the sides, forming an interrupted band;
other segments only a little yellowish at the sides and on the hang
border; in the female with a narrow basal pollinose band; genitalia

1 2

100 SYRPHID ®.

blackish ; venter shining yellow. The four anterior legs are almost
entirely pale | yellow, the femora darkened on the apical half, more
distinctly so in the male; hind femora enormously thickened in
both sexes, pale yellow interiorly, blackened towards the middle
exteriorly, with some whitish hairs above and some black ones
below; hind tibie arched and with a short fringe; tarsi yellow.
The black basal spot of the femora is very distinct. Wings
hyaline, bare, unspotted; veins in great part yellow; marginal cell
broadly open; loop of the third vein deep and narrow, not appen-
diculated ; lower corner of discal cell with a short stump.

Type & and type 2, a couple of specimens from the Cape of
Good Hope.

Genus 19. MERODON, JMe/gen (1803).

Of this characteristic Mediterranean genus there are only a few
Ethiopian species known; the collection comprises the three
following :—

1 (2) Face retreating below, not at all prominent
towards the buccal cavity ; lower corner
of the discal cell with a short stump . .. plantfacies, sp. n.
2 (1) Face even more prominent than usual at the
buccal cavity; lower corner of the discal
cell not appendiculated.
(4) Abdomen at the base with an orange spot on
each side of the second segment; antennze

t

»

and tars: entirely black .......... . melanocerus, sp. 0.
4 (2) Abdomen at the base entirely black; antennes
and fare] reddish... 04.0600 ceeccesens nasieus, Bere

107. Merodon planifacies, sp. n.

3. Length of the body 10 mm.

A yather aberrant species, very distinct from any other on
account of the shape of the face; in general aspect not much
differing from JZ. constans, Rossi, but the hind trochanters and
the hind tibiz are wholly simple.

Head black, densely clothed with grey hair, the vertical tri-
angle alone being shining and the hairs around ocelli dark ; eyes
touching for a considerable distance, covered with whit'sh hair,
which is dark on the upper part; frontal triangle not very pro-
minent, densely clothed with whitish hair ; face very short and
entirely flat, a little retreating, not prominent at the buccal
eavity, distinctly shorter than the eyes; antennz short, reddish,
the third joint rectangular and of a pale yellowish colour; arista
bare, yellowish; opening of the buccal cavity very small; pro-
boseis short and concealed. Dorsum of thorax clothed w ith dense
and rather long grey hair; it is of a shining «neous colour,
and has three broad purplish-black bands, the middle one being
abbreviated behind and divided by a thin ieneous line,~ while

MERODON. 1OL

the lateral ones are abbreviated in front and almost interrupted
towards the suture; pleure shining neous, with grey hair;
seutellum entirely blackish zeneous, pale- -haired. Squamule lurid,
with a yellowish fringe. Abdomen broad and rounded at the
apex, not conical; it is shining dark tawny with some bluish
reflexions ; first segment very small and blackish; second with
a narrow black fore border, not reaching the sides, an obsolete
median black band and two orange lateral spots, forming an
interrupted band; third and fourth with a transverse yellowish
pellucid median band, interrupted towards the middle, that of
the third paler, the hair is whitish, pure white on the transverse
bands, but that on the orange spots is orange; genitalia large
and rounded, but not prominent, black; venter reddish yellow,
clothed with long pale hair, like that on the sides. Coxe and
‘femora shining black, narrowly yellow at the apex, with grey
hair; hind femora moderately thickened, with a short but strong
pre-apical tooth; hind trochanters rounded, simple; tibie black,
with the basal third yellow, whitish pilose, those of the hind
pur without any apical tooth; tarsi brownish yellow, the last
joint black. Wings grey, unspotted, with typical venation, but
the discal cell broader and its inferior corner provided with a short
but distinct stump.

Type 3, a single specimen from Durban, 24. x. 1902 (F. Muir).

108. Merodon melanocerus, sp. 1

2. Length of the body 12 mm.

A species very like grecus, Loew, and probably belonging to the
armipes-group of Dr. Sack’s s Monograph, but distinguished | by the
entirely black antenne ; perhaps, however, more allied to seg getum
and belonging to the manium-group.

Frons neous black, the ocellar portion anda median longitudinal
line being shining, the sides covered with grey pollen; face shining
black, with sparse white hair; edge of “buceal cav ity very pro-
minent ; antennz black, the third joint attenuated at the apex,
twice as ‘long as broad ; proboscis black; eyes with grey hair. Thorax
shining black, with short erey hair and no distinet bands. Scutellum
entirely black, pale- haired: squamule white, with a yellowish fringe.
Abdomen shining black as in grecus; the bands of white pollen on
the second and third segments are straight and narrowly interrupted
towards the middle, that of the fourth is triangularly produced
forwards in the middle; the sides are clothed with dense yellow
hair; the hind borders of second to fourth are yellowish with white
margins. Legs simple, dull black, with yellow knees. Wings

oreyish hyaline, with typical venation ; lower angle of the discal
cell rounded, not appendiculated.

Type 9, a single specimen from Piet Retief, Transvaal, 25. x.
1903 (4. Crawshay).

102 SYRPHID®.

109. Merodon nasicus, Bezzi (1914).

Very near IL. funestus, but belonging to the manium-group,
distinguished by the upper margin of the buccal cavity being very
much produced and elevated, by the abdomen being entirely black,
and by the very long frons, the face being therefore very short.
Described by me from Erythrea in the Collection of the Hungarian
Museum; there is a single female specimen, only 10mm. in length,
with the 4th abdominal segment lacking the broad hind grey
border, from British Eash Africa, Njoro, ‘‘in the clutches of a
small Asilid” (A. J. Cholmley). In the year 1908 I wrongly

recorded specimens of this species from Erythrwa as IL. funestus.

Subfamily IV. XYLOTIN A.
Genus 20. CHASMOMMA, nov.

A genus allied to Tropidia, Mytolepta, and Xylota, and like the
first connecting the Merodontinw with the Xylotina; it is to be
placed near Xylota, no species of which has yet been found in the
Ethiopian Region.

The essential distinguishing characters of this new genus are:
face tuberculate in both sexes; eyes of male widely separate; hind
femora strongly incrassate, bristly below, but without tooth-like
process; third vein with a deep kink, but not as in the Zristalis-
group. ;

There are some other genera with dichoptie males, which to a
certain extent seem to be allied to Chasmomma, viz. the Japanese
Kirimyia, Bigot, which, however, seems to be more nearly related
to Helophilus, and in which the face is not tuberculate; the North-
American Chalcomyia, Williston, which has a straight third vein
and no tubercle on the face; and the Chilian S¢¢/bosoma, Philippi,
which has also a straight third vein and bidentate hind femora.

The new genus may be characterised as follows :-—

3ody bare, black without any yellow markings, but with velvety
black bands on the abdomen. Head semiglobular, rather broader
than the thorax; frons not prominent, rather narrow, that of the
male only a little narrower than in the female; antennal tubercle
rather prominent; face long, perpendicular, in both sexes with
a prominent tubercle in the centre; margin of buccal cavity not
prominent; jowls very narrow; opening of buccal cavity horizontal,
elongate; proboscis short; eyes bare, separated in both sexes; an-
tenn rather short, reaching only to the median tubercle, the third
joint elongate, one and a half times as long as broad, rounded at
tip, not broadened ; arista bare, as long as the antenne, inserted
near the base of the joint. Thorax of normal shape, punctulate,
bare; scutellum the same, but strongly margined behind. Abdo-
men with almost parallel sides, bare; male genitalia asymmetrically
placed. Legs normal, those of the hind pair very elongate, coxe
and trochanters simple; hind femora greatly thickened, but not
toothed and only with some bristles below near the end as in Aylota ;

CHASMOMMA. 103

hind tibia arched, much shorter than the femora; tarsi simple.
Wings with the marginal cell broadly open; the third vein with a
deep but broad kink, exactly as in Tropidia fasciata ; middle cross-
vein just above the middle of the discal cell; vena spuria strong,
but not entirely chitinised ; distal extremity of first posterior ceil
shaped as in Xylota; lower corner of the discal cell rounded and
without an appendix ; all the veins bare.
Type: the tollowing new species.

110. Chasmomma femoratum, sp. n

3 2. Length of the body 7-8 mm.
An interesting insect, strongly resembling Xylota femorata, L.,

but less than half its size.

Head shining neous black, the occiput and frons in both sexes

as far as the middle velvety black and dull; face witha faint white

Fig. 16.—Chasmomma femoratum, sp.n. Q. X44.

pollen, but the median tubercle shining black; frons and sides of
face bearing very thin and rather long greyish hairs ; occipital
border narrowly argenteous behind; antenne black, brownisl:
towards the base. fy eke wholly make somewhat shining, with
whitish pollen at the sides, on the usin and along the Meee se
suture; the back is almost bare; pleure partly whitish pollinose,
with rather short pale hair. Squamulze small, white; halteres
whitish. Abdomen bluish black, shining, with the following dull
black markings: a rounded spot on each side of the first segment;
second segment with a median longitudinal band, dilated into a
transverse band in front and behind, the posterior brn being some-
what removed from the hind hoses: third and fourth seements
with a similar pattern, which is, however, less distinct especially on
the fourth: these patterns are more clearly defined and broader in

LO4 SYRPUIDE.

the male; hind borders narrowly pale; male genitalia shining
black ; hair at the base of the abdomen pale; venter black, the
sides and hind margins of the ventral plates yellowish. Legs bare,
of a reddish- yellow colour; cox black, but those of the front
pair > vellowish; hind trochanters black; front tarsi broad, black ;
imniddle tarsi dark brown, but the basal joint partly vellow; hind tarsi

Fig. 17.—Chasmomma femoratum, sp.n. @.
Left hind leg from inner side, x 10.

very strong and broad, intensely black; hind femora broadly black
at end, especially in the female, provided with eight to ten bristles ;
hind tibiz intensely black, only the knees y ellowish. Wi ings grey en
hyaline, the stigma and subcostal cell blackish ; apical half more or
less infuscated.

Type 3, an additional specimen, and type 2, from Oshogbo,
S. Nigeria, xi.and xii.1910 (Dr. 7. F. G. Mayer); another male
specimen from Ibadan, 8. Nigeria (Capt. Lestie).

Genus 21. SYRITTA, Saint Fargean et Serville (1825).

This genus seems to be very abundantly represented in_ the
Ethiopian Region, more than 20 species being already described ;
the species, however, appear to be very closely allied to each other,
and as regards the coloration of ‘the legs as variable as our
S. pipiens. Only a few of these species (such as nigrifemorata,
latitarsata, and spinigera) are distinguished by good structural
characters, the others are possibly not more than colour-varieties.
The “ species” in the Collection may be separated as follows :—

1 (4) Vena spuria not distinct, nearly obsolete,
other veins of a yellowish colour; hind
femora with a very long and_ strong
spine near the base; yellow abdominal
bands of male not interrupted in the
middle; third antennal joint in great
part black ; last ventral plate in the male
with a tuft of erect bristly hairs in front
of the genitalia.

SYRITTA. 105

to

(3) Hind femora with two or three other
smaller spines on the basal half beyond
the very strong basal spine ............ spinigera, Loew.

*

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like the other veins; hind femora without
basal spine or with a much shorter one ;
yellow abdominal bands off male inter-
rupted in the middle, at least the first ;
third antennal joint entirely of a pale
yellow colour ; ventral tuft less distinct.
(10) Hind tibiz of the male simple; hind femora
in both sexes not strongly armed towards
the middle.
(7) Hind femora pale yellow with black tips,
and provided with a rather strong basal
spine; pollen on the thorax in the female
more yellow and present also in front of
thescutellunay#. 112. Me SA YS WadbasW alls
(6) Hind femora dark reddish, brown, or black,
and without strong basal spine; thoracic
pollen grey or whitish, entirely wanting
in front otf the scutellum.
(9) Smaller species with hyaline wings; yellow
colour on the female abdomen more ex-
tensive; hind temcra mostly black, ciliated
and toothed below on the basal half .... fasciata, Wied.
(8) Species of larger size, with slightly infus-
cated wings; yellow colour in the female
less extensive; hind femora reddish brown,
not ciliate below, and nearly smooth on
EUp MAGE A fats e.cdannce: «:exsrese weee.. stigmatica, Loew.
10 (5) Hind tibiz of male beyond middle with a
strong tubercle and a deep notch; hind
femora in both sexes of a reddish colour
with a black apex, with the strongest
armature towards the middle ..... sav ce) eaustent, spi.

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111. Syritta spinigera, Loew (1848).

This species is the type of a small but well-defined group, the
members of which are distinguished by the absence of the vena
spuria, a character overlooked by Loew and pointed out for the first
time by Thomson. All the other species of this group, and also
the following, are perhaps only colour-varieties, such as armipes,
Thoms., spinigerella, Thoms., vitripennis, Bigot, and perhaps
nigricornis, Macq., the latter name having priority; since the
abdomen of spinigera is often entirely yellow at the end, Loew's
name may be a synonym of flaviventris, Macq.

There are two males and three females from Howick, Natal
(J. P. Cregoe), and a female from Johannesburg, Transvaal (A. J.
Cholmley).

10S SYRPHID &.

112. Syritta aculeipes, Schiner (1868).

A single male specimen from Nairobi, 5. vi. 1911, appears to
belong to this species, which, with the ae: of the hind
femora, agrees in all respects with the foregoing.

113. Syritta bulbus, Walker (1549).

I believe I have this species before me in the shape of a female
from Obuasi, Ashanti, West Africa (Dr. W. AL. Graham), which
is readily distinguishable owing to the yellow colour of the thoracic
pollen, of the hind femora, and of the abdominal spots. The
abdomen, which is wanting in Walker’s specimen, is velvety black,
shining only on the last segment; the first segment has a small
yellow’ spot on the sides; the second and third have broader lateral
yellow spots; the tail has a yellow spot on the fore corner and
2 yellow hind border; the hind femora have a very strong basil
spine. This specimen agrees very well with the description of
S. bulbulus, Speiser, 1913.

I also refer to this species a male from Durban, Natal, 8. ix.
1903 (# Muir), which shows the same coloration of the hind
femora, and has also a strong basal spine on the latter; its color-
ation, however, is like that of pzpiens, and the thoracic tomentum
has the usual colour and disposition.

114. Syritta fasciata, Wiedemann (1830).

Tam of opinion that the present species is the Ethiopian repre-
sentative of S. pipiens, L., from which it differs in its smaller size,
paler antennze and face, Sate extended yellow markings on the
abdomen, the second yellow band (7. e. that on the third “seament )
being mostly uninterrupted i in the middle in the male and being
very “broad in the female. The hind femora are black, varying
more or less to a reddish brown ; they are finely toothed beneath
and bear long white hairs, which, as in pipiens, appear to be
deciduous. Hind trochanters smooth, not so beset with minute
spines as in pipiens; coloration of abdomen and legs apparently
variable as in pzpiens.

S. abyssinica, Rondani, from Keren, Abyssinia, of which I have
topotypes before me, is only a smaller variety with black hind
femora.

Two males from Durban, Natal (# Muir), and one from Sierra

Leone (J. Moxcroft).

115. Syritta stigmatica, Loew (1858).

T refer with some doubt to this species some specimens which
seem to be only a variety of the preceding. They are usually ot
greater size, the yellow markings on the third abdominal segment
fe the female are greatly reduced, the wings are more or less infus-

SYRITTA. 107

eated, the hind legs reddish brown, not ciliated below, and smoother
on the basal portion.

Two typical females from Durban, Natal, a male and a very
small female from Howick, Natal (J. P. Cre, goe); a male from
Basutoland (R. Crawshay).

It would appear that this species is only a southern form, but I
have seen specimens from Abyssinia in the collection of the Hun-
garian Museum; the species which I have assumed to be S. decora,
Walk., from the Congo, also belongs here.

116. Syritta austeni, sp. n.

3 2. Length of the body 7:5 to 8-5 mm.

A species readily distinguishable, owing to the shape of the hind
tibixe of the male and the armature of the hind femora in both sexes.
It is possibly allied to S. nzgrifemorata, Macquart, from Mauritius,
which shows a similar structure of the hind tibiz, but seems to
differ in the armature and coloration of the hind femora and in
the shape of face.

Face and frons bare, covered with white dust on yellowish
ground; jowls very small, shining pale yellow; face carinate,
lightly concave in the middle, with the margin of the buceal cavity
prominent ; eyes of the male in contact for a moderate space, with
dilated front facets; vertical triangle very narrow and elongate,
shining towards the ocelli, with white dust on the anterior half and
clothed with erect grey hairs; frons of female with short pubes-
cence above, shining black round the ocelli; and elsewhere covered
with a white dust, except ona more or less developed black spot
above the antennz and a broad transverse band across the middle ;
occiput black, with a white spot above on each side of the vertical
triangle, and with a white-dusted border below next the eyes ;
antennze entirely yellow, the third joint rather elongate, aaded
at the tip; proboscis black. Thorax dullish black, punctate, with
very short pale pubescence, the humeri, the sides down to the
suture, and the pleuree with a whitish-grey dust and longer whitish
pubescence ; in front of the scutellum there is on each side a white
spot. Scutellum more punctate than the remainder of the thorax,
but of the same colour, with a few thin short bristles on the
margin. Squamulze and halteres white, the former with a white
fringe. Abdomen deep black, shining on the last segment alone,
almost bare, with the usual tuft of white hairs at the base and
some hairs on the sides of the last segment. In the male the first

segment is black, grey on the sides; second and third segments
yellow, whitish pollinose, with a black median line which is trian-
gularly dilated behind, forming a broad hind border; fourth seg-
aoa entirely shining bleia Ww ‘ith a yellow hind border and a basal
spot of w hite dust on each side; genitalia swollen, black, with pale
pubescence ; venter whitish, with black hind borders to the segments
and rather long pubescence at end of the last segment, but without
a distinct tuft of erect br istles, and only with a few tiny hairs. In

108 SYRPUID ¥.

the female the abdomen is black; but partly shining even on the
second and third segments, exhibiting a distinct deep black pattern
like that of the melee second segment on each side with a yellow
spot, third with a small one on fore corners ; fourth with a yellow
hind border; venter mostly black, with bands of whitish dust. Four
anterior legs entirely yellow, with blackish cox ; hind trochanters
brown and smooth; hind femora as in pipiens, but of a reddish-
brown colour, broadly black at end, the basal half bearing some
tubercles, of which the stronger and longer are situated towards the
middle; these tubercles are more prom nent in the male. Hind tibie
arched, reddish brown, with black bases and pale yellow knees ;
in the male the hind tibia exhibits a notch with a tuberele on the
inner side, for the reception of the long spine on the femur, when
closed; in the female there is no trace Of this notch, but the lower
apical angle is prolonged into a point which is longer than in the
allied species; the femora of the female have also the strongest
spine in the middle; hind tarsi blackish, not dilated. Wings
hyaline, with black veins and a brownish stigma; vena spuria
strongly chitinised, black.

Type 3 and type 2 from Freetown, Sierra Leone, 17-26. vii.
1899, collected by Mr. #. E. Austen of the British Museum, in
whose honour the species is named; two additional females from
Aiyangba, N. Nigeria, 11.i.1911 (Dr. J. J. Simpson), and another
from Zungeru, N. Nigeria, 15. xi. 1910 (Dr. J. W. S. Macfie).

Genus 22. EUMERUS, Mergen (182

This genus seems to be represented in the Ethiopian Region bya
great many very different forms, which are often distinguished by
important structural characters, chiefly in the male sex. In the
collection before me there are no species in which the eyes are
separate in the male, although examples of such (as, for instance,
ar penton’ and argyropsis, pate and rubiginosus ) have been
described from South Afric The species can be tabulated as
follows: it should be homer that erythrocerus, unicolor, and
vestitus are not represented in the collection, and are included in
the table only for the sake of comparison :—

1 (G) Hind femora not thickened, with only
x few small spines or bristles to-
wards the end; species of very small
size, rarely exceeding 5 to 6 mm.
in length; eyes in the male ap-
proaching each other only at one
point, nos really in contact for any
distance; hind border of scutelluim
with very prominent small teeth,
which are longer than usual; third
antennal joint ‘broadly red or reddish
brown; ocelli approximate, arranged
in an equilateral triangle; male
genitalia very large, bilobate, often
protruding.

(or)

~J

19 9)

10

dal

EUMERUS.

(5) Wings more or less hyaline, without
infuscated markings ; second abdo-
minal sezment without broad yellow
spots; thorax of male more or less
cyaneous, clothed with dense silvery
hair.

(4) Second and third abdominal segments
entirely covered with dense silvery
hair, the usual lunule therefore not
visible; male venitalia protruding
in the form of a sphere divided in
the middle; pterostigma dark yel-
lowishi coloured. . dygops .nz faye anys «Arms

(3) Second and third abdominal segments
with the usual pubescence, the
lunulee being clearly visible; male
genitalia concealed ; pterostigma
colourless . ok apne erapiys rayarstors

(2) Wings with distinct fuscous borders
to “the cross-veins; second abdo-
minal segment with two broad
yellow spots BC ae Ge ae ayegeush =

(1) Hind femora more or less thickened
and strongly toothed at the _ tips 5
species of larger size, over 7 mm.
in length; eyes in male always
in contact for a more or less con-
siderable distance; male genitalia
rounded, not bilobate, concealed.

(12) Hind femora evlindric al at the tips,
with more or less well-developed
spines, but without a prominent
denticulate plate, not Mervdon-like;
vertical triang’e in the male very
narrow, frons in the known females
also narrow.

(9) Seutellum with hind margin um-
colorous, black; hind femora in
the male bearing near the base a
very strong black tooth, almost as
strung as in Syritta spinigera; ocelli
CQUIGISEROE oo. es ss «pelaettir

(8) Scutellum with hind margin } yellow;
hind femora in the male without
the basal tooth; anterior ocellus
distant from the others.

(11) Body bluish black, very deeply punc-
tate, almost wrinkled ; legs in great
part black ; thorax almost bare on
the middle of the back, without
bands; antenne small ude Cone

(10) Body neous black, more thinly
punctate; legs in ereat part y ellow ;
thorax with a golden pubescence
and distinct grey stripes; antennz
proad)... 5 «dis. tiaiay a

paule, Hery.-Baz.

serratus, Sp. 1D.

maculpennis, §

arnupes, sp. 0.

scaber, sp. n.

fee, Bezzi.

y

L

Ve 2,

109

110 SYRPHID®.

12 (7) Hind femora greatly thickened, often
flattened at the tip and bearing a
prominent denticulate plate below,
Merodon-like ; vertical triangle in
the male broad, frons in the female
very broad.

13 (18) Third antennal joint red or reddish,
sometimes more or less infuscated,
but never black ; ocelli arranged in
au equilateral triangle.

14 (15) Abdomen more or less red on the
sides near the base ; front coxee and
four anterior les entirely red ;
wings hyaline with pale stigma .. ainecerus, Speis.

15 (14) Abdomen entirely black, or at the
most with yellow spots on the
second and third seements; front
cox black; fore legs more or less
black; wings infuscated towards
the middle, with blackish stigma.

16 (17) Abdomen with broad yellow spots on
the second and narrower ones on
the third segment; third antennal
joint small, dark brown.......... qguadrimaculatus, Macq.

17 (16) Abdomen with the usual lunule,
beneath which can be seen a yellow
ground ; legs often with black tarsi
also; third antennal joint broad,
TOG... s:cisiaiatle sss a oeeee ee ete erythrocerus, Loew.

18 (18) Third antennal joint entirely black ;
ocelli arranged in an isosceles tri-
anvle, the ‘anterior ocellus being
further from the posterior ocelli
than the latter are from each other.

19 (22) Scutellum lony, clothed with short
hair, not ciliated behind, with the
hind border thin, sharp, and granular,
not tomentose; thorax shining
black in front of the suture, without
yrey pattern; frons in the female
shining black; abdomen elongate,
with less distinct lunulee.

20 (21) Eyes bare; hind femora and tibixe
flattened, shining black, a!most
bare; third antennal joint tii-
angular...... feces cea ieees wo... triangularis, Hery.-Paz.

1 (20) Eyes. densely pilose, even in the
female; hind femora and tibie of
usual shape, very hairy ; abdominal
lunule evanescent outwards...... wnicolor, Loew.

22 (19) Scutellum rather short, clothed with
long hair, ciliated behind, its hind
border not sharp, less oranular aud
crey tomentose ; thorax in front of
the suture with distinct grey mark-
ings; frons in fem: Als “densely
tomentose, the grovnd-colour not

EUMERUS. WIE

visible; abdomen short, with very

distinct lunule ; hind legs densely

pilose.
23 (24) Abdomen dull, with only two pairs

of lunulee, the fourth segment being

entirely covered with dense pollen ; ;

hind tarsi of male fringed above

ONLY BG DOHC g's cage hes cae ae eee vestitus, Bezzi.
24 (23) Abdomen shining, with three pairs of

lunule, the last segment not polli-

nose; hind tarsi of male fringed

above throughout almost the whole

lent} t.j. shy bi epdet> Wate geist .... obliquus, Fabr.

117. Eumerus paulz, Hervé-Bazin (1913).

A pretty species, very distinct in the male sex, owing to the
silvery pubescence on the abdomen, which almost entirely “conceals
the usual lunule, and owing to the enormous genitalia, which are
usually exserted.

This and the two following species belong to a peculiar group,
which is perhaps allied to the Mediterranean argyropus, Loew
(exilipes, Rondani); in the latter species, however, the eyes of the
male are in contact for a long distance as usual. The female is
like the male, but has no silvery pubescence and only normal hair,
and on the abdomen there are three pairs of distinct lunule as
usual,

A male from Durban, Natal (# Muir), another from Howick,
Natal (J. P. Cregoe), and a third from Nyasaland (Dr. J. E. 8S.
Old). Atemale from Durban (#. Muir) differs from the following
species owing to its greater size (65 mm.) and more, obscure
wings, with distinct vena spuria and dark stigma.

It seems to be a widely distributed species, very different from
argenteus of Walker and ‘Loew.

118. Eumerus serratus, sp. n.

3 2. Length of the body 5 to 5°5 mm.

Very closely alhed to the pr oe si but smaller and distinguished
by the absence of the silvery abdominal pubescence, the white
lunulx being as distinct as usual.

Head pure black, not purplish blue as in the preceding ; frons
of male shining, with erect dark hairs towards the vertical | tr langle
and a few paler ones above the antenne, much constricted in the
middle, but the eyes not actually touching » merely close together
for a short distance; frons of female of area width, strongly
shining, smooth, with short grey hair and a more or less distinct
ieee band of whitish dust below the middle ; ocelli forming
an equilateral triangle ; occiput rather prominent above, with long
white hairs behind the ocelli ; ; eyes of male bearing short pale hair,

those of the female almost bare; face shining, flat, densely covered

12 SYRPHID.

with minute, short, whitish hair; antenne reddish yellow, the
third joint rather broad, hatchet-like, with the upper border
darkened throughout its whole length; arista inserted near the
base, black and bare ; opening of buccal cavity rather broad, but
short and almost Grou Thorax shining black, somewhat
purplish in the male, finely punctate, clothed in the male with
dense and long silvery hair as in paule@, and with similar but
sparser hair on the sit in the female the thorax is only
thinly covered with short hair, and is adorned with two distant
white stripes on the fore part. Squamule and halteres whitish,
those of the male pure white, the squamule white - fringed.
Scutellum shining black, bluish in the male, clothed with erect
grey hair, the hind border broad, elevated, and bearing very long
black spines, less numerous but stronger than in Paragus serratus.
Abdomen as broad as the thorax, with parallel sides, black, but in
the male at the base with a bluish and at the tip with a purplish
sheen; the white lunule of the second to the fourth segments are
well marked, but small, very oblique, and widely separated in the
middle ; hair very short, only at base long and whitish; genitalia
of male of the type of those of pavle, but not so prominent.
Legs shining black, with white hair; all the tibize at base and the
tarsi pale yellow: hind tarsi strong, broad, infuscated, with a
yellowish ring at the end of each joint ; hind femora simple, not
thickened, bearing only a few strong bristles below near the tip ;
hind tibiz strong, club-shaped, those of male with distinct but not
dense silvery pubescence, which is wanting on the proximal two-
thirds of the first basal joint. Wings entirely hyaline, strongly
iridescent, with black veins, but less distinct vena spuria; stigma
hardly infuscated at base ; the two outward bends of the apical
cross-vein each bear an appendix.

Type 3 and type 2 from Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. A.
Marshall). The female ean sca arcely be distinguished from that
of preceding species, except by its smaller size and darker wings.

119. Eumerus maculipennis, sp. n.

®. Length of the body 5°5 to 6 mm.

Allied to the two preceding species, but at once distinguished by
the yellow spots on the second abdominal segment and the infus-
cations of the wings.

As I have seen only females, which are very like those of
serratus, L will here simply state the differences. The size is a
little larger; the scutellar spines are less prominent; the second
abdominal segment, instead of the usual lunules, bears on each
side a broad yellow spot, which forms a transverse band, interrupted
in the middle and not reaching the sides. Wings with yellow
stigma and distinct vena spuria ; the infuscations are on the small
eross-vein, at the prefurea, and on the two apical cross- veins.

Type 2 and two en Set al specimens from Oshogbo, 8. Nigeria,
x.—x1i. 1910 ( DY ns bay Mayer)

EUMERUS. 113

This species is nearly allied to the recently described L. bequaertz,
Herné-Bazin (1913), and very probably ‘corresponds to the un-
named specimens recorded from Basoko by the author on p. 78 of
the work in question; it differs in being smaller, in having much
broader yellow abdominal spots, which besides are of a triangular
shape, and in the infuseated cross-veins.

120. Eumerus armipes, sp. n.

3. Length of the body 7 mm.

This species is distinguished from any of its congeners at present
known, owing to the presence of a very strong spine near the base
of the hind femora.

Head black; vertical triangle very long and narrow, shining,
pollinose only in the anterior angle, clothed with erect erey hairs ;
ocelli formine an equilateral triangle, which, however, extends £ far
forwards and is distant from the vertex ; occiput prominent above,
white pollinose near the eyes ; frontal triangle and face clothed
with very dense white pollen and minute white pubescence; eyes
quite bare except for the presence of a few hairs below, in contact
for a distance shorter than the frontal triangle; antennz short,

Fig. 18.—Bumerus armipes, sp. n., d.
Left hind leg from inner side, x 15.

dark yellowish, the third joint small, subquadrate, with a black
bare arista at the base. Thorax shining eneous, punctate, with
very short grey pubescence, which is a little longer on the pleure ;

on the middle of the back there are two distant parallel stripes of
white pollen extending beyond the suture, but not reaching the
scutellum. Scutellum long, with sharp hind border, which is
black and bears short tubercles : ; in the middle it is almost as bare
as the thorax. Squamule pure white and white-fringed; halteres
yellowish. Abdomen very narrow, with parallel sides, narrower
than the thorax, of a black colour with eneous and dark purplish
reflexions; second to fourth segments with equal pairs of broad
lunule, not very oblique and approaching one another in the
middle; pubescence very short, except at the base; genitaha
rounded, not bilobate, concealed. Legs biack, with short pale

£

114 SYRPHID&.

pubescence ; base of tibie, front and middle trochanters, base of
middle femora and base of front and middle tarsi yellow; hind
femora swollen, clothed with very short hair, shining eneous, the
basal spine very strong and long, blunt and black ; at the tips the
hind femora are without an appendix, but bear a "double series of
strong spines; hind tibiz club-shaped, clothed with very short
hair; hind tarsi slightly thickened. Wings greyish hyaline, with
black veins and black stigma; vena spuria distinct; apical cross-
vein bearing three stumps, “two directed outwards and one inwards ;
lower corner of the discal cell bearing an appendix.

Type @, a single specimen from Durban, 1902 (F. Muir).
Jf ’ 3 ’

121. Eumerus scaber, sp. n
3. Length of the body 8 mm.

A dark purplish, very deeply punctate species, which is closely
allied to the following, but has a narrower yellow hind border to
the scutellum and less idsotmee abdominal lunule.

Head purplish black, with the occipital border strongly produced
above and clothed with short black hair; posterior orbits silvery-
white pollinose below and clothed with white hair; vertical triangle
narrow and elongate, shining black, clothed with short black ie
but its anterior extremity Rie pollinose and pale- haired ; front
ocellus occupying a forward position, the ocellar triangle not being
equilateral ; frontal triangle very small, shining bluish, with a small
median depression, ‘almost bare; face thinly pollinose and sparsely
clothed with white hair; eyes almost bare, in contact for a distance
a little longer than the frontal triangle ; antenne short, black, the
third joint rounded. Thorax purplish black, very strongly punctate
and therefore but little shining, almost bare, its yellowish dust
distinct only on the sides and behind ; pleuree with white hairs; no
distinct longitudinal stripes on the back. Scutellum like the thorax,
its hind border not sh: irply produced, narrowly yellow and minutely
granulate. Squamule pale yellowish like the halteres. Abdomen
as broad as the thorax and similarly punctate, rather short and of
the same colour; on the sides it bears a white pubescence; the
lunule are scarcely distinguishable, on the second and third segments
they are indicated only by a rather deep furrow, which is alvtigh
pollinose. Genitalia reddish, very much developed, projecting as a
yellow tubercle, fringed with hair on each side, towards the middle
of the belly. Legs. short, shining black, with very short whitish
pubesc ence; front cox dark Dyanna trochanters, knees, and all the
tarsi yellow ; hind femora Mickened: but without apophysis below
at the tip, provided only with two rows of short spines, the external
more developed; hind tibize clothed with short hair like the tarsi.
Wings greyish hyaline, with dark stigma, and distinctly infuscated
in the middle below the stigma to the fourth vein and from the
prefurca to the end of the second vein; veins black ; vena spuria
ore distinet ; apical cross-vein with two stumps ; inferior angle
of the discal cell with the rudiment of a stump.

EUMERUS. E413)

Type 3,2 single specimen from Obuasi, Ashanti, West Africa
11. xi. 1907, “ caught in bush” (Dr. W. ML. Graham).

122. Eumerus fee, Bezzi (1912).

Readily distinguishable, owing to the breadth of the yellow
margin of the scutellum and to the narrowness of the frons of the
female ; thoracie stripes and abdominal lunule well marked.

This species, recently described by me from Fernando Po and
the French Congo, seems to be widely distributed in West Africa.
A male and three females from Obuasi, Ashanti, “‘ caught on bush
and flowers,” vil—xi. 1907 (Dr. W. MW. Graham); a female from
Oshogbo, 8. Nigeria, 20-30. ix.1910 (Dr. T. F. G. Mayer); a
female from Tinian, S. Nigeria (Capt. Leslie) ; and a male from
Zomba, Nyasaland (D7. iT ye Stannus). The last-mentioned
specimen has the antenne, face, and smaller genitalia reddish ; it
probably belongs to a distinct species.

123. Eumerus axinecerus, Speiser (1910).

Distinguished by its antennz and fore legs being red, and by
the abdomen being more or less red at the sides near the base. In
my table of 1912 I placed this species among those in which the
abdomen is black; usually, however, the sae colour, as deseribed
by the author is quite distinct; it seems to be distinguished from
lunatus owing to the colour of the legs, in which only the knees
are reddish.

A pair from Durban, Natal (#1. AZwir).

124. Eumerus quadrimaculatus, Macquart (1855).

I refer with some doubt to this species two males from Blantyre,
Nyasaland Protectorate, 20.iv.1910 (Dr. J. E. S. Old). The
species represented by the specimens before me seems to be allied
to the foregoing, and is very different from that recorded under
the same name by Prof. Hervé-Bazin, Rev. Zool. Afric. iii. 1913,
p. 78. Except for the fact that the femora are rather swollen, I
should have referred the present specimens to £. beguaerti, H.-B.

125. Eumerus triangularis, Herve-Bazin (1913).

A very distinct species owing to its very broad and flattened,
almost glabrous hind legs, its entirely bare eyes, and the peculiar
shape of the second antennal joint.

The shape of the hind legs in this species is similar to that
seen in erythrocerus ; the front ocellus is distant from the other
two ocelli; the second antennal joint is prolonged as a long lamella
on the inner side of the last joint, muchas in the species of Ptecticus
or of Synxtormon; the abdomen is rather elongate and narrow, even

fae

116 SYRPHID &.

narrower than the thorax in the middle; hind femora greatly
thickened, but flat, provided below near the end with a long and
sharp plate which bears on its margin 8—10 very strong spines ;
hind tibiz flattened, almost bare, shining.

A male from Durban, 5.x. 1902 (£ Muir); a female from
Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. AK. Marshall); another male from
Chirinda Forest, S. Rhodesia, x. 1905 (G. A. A. Marshall). The
type of the species was obtained in Belgian Congo.

Eumerus obliquus, Fabricius (1805).

Easily recognisable owing to its short and broad body, to the hind
margin of ne seutellum being clothed with grey hair and not
sharply produced, to the lengt h of the hair on the eyes, the great
distinctness of the three pairs nares abdominal lunulie, and the strongly
incrassate and very hairy hind tibie.

Distributed throughout the Ethiopian Region. A male and
three females from Obuasi, Ashanti, West “Africa: 2A. vi. 1907,
“caught on flowers” (Dr. W. M. Graham) ; a female from Ayeze,
S. Nigeria, 9.iv. 1911 (Dr. A. Connal); a female from Kembi,
U ganda, iv. 1904 Lees E. D. W. Greig); a female from British
East Africa (C. S. Betton), and another from British Central

Africa (Dr. na ci S. Old); a nel from Durban, Natal, 24. x. 1902
(F. Muir).

Genus 28. AMPHOTERUS, nov.

A strange insect, showing venation and scutellum of Eumerus,
but with quite simple hind femora, and having the head and
antenne of MWierodon. It differs from any other Syrphid genus
yet known by the shortness of the first antennal joint and by the
elongation of the second, which is much longer than the third.
T was at first inclined to consider this insect as an Sabena Microdon
with shortened first antennal joint; but on account of the venation
IT now think it better to regard it asa Humerus with elongated
second antennal joint. This connecting form between Humerus
and Microdon is a very interesting novelty ; the discovery of its
larva will probably explain the question.

Body duil, strongly chitinized, deeply punctate. Head a little
broader than the thorax; eves bare, shining, with equal facets,
widely separated in the male, but with the inner angles approaching
each other, and with the usual transverse furrow between the angles ;
face broader than the frons, gently convex, comparatively narrow,
without furrows; opening of bue cal cavity very small ; proboscis
but little prominent; antennze longer than the face and pendulous;
first joint exceedingly short, scare ‘ely noticeable below the lunula;
second joint very long, thin, almost bare; third joint elongated,
broader than the ¢ eseond and a little more than half its length ;
arista very thin, bare, rather long, inserted rather far from the

AMPHOTERUS: Lay

base; ocelli rather distant, arranged in an equilateral triangle ;
pubescence of frons and face rather long. Thorax subquadrate,
with short pubescence; scutellum semicircular, unarmed, its hind
border sharp and produced as in Humerus. Abdomen as broad as
the thorax, with parallel sides; second and third segments almost
of equal size, fourth more than twice as long as the third. Legs
short and not robust; hind femora quite simple, neither thickened,
incurved, dentate, nor spinose; tarsi very thin, not expanded nor
flattened. Wings with venation very like that of Ewmerus ; no
cross-vein between the ends of the auxiliary and first longitudinal
veins; third vein without a stump; siall cross-vein Re beyond
the middle of the discal cell; apical cross-vein bent in the middle
as in Humerus, and at this point with a stump directed outwards ;
lower corners of the subapical and of the discal cells rounded off
and each bearing a stump; vena spuria distinct; postical cross-
vein with its upper end exactly on a level with the middle of the
subapical cell.
Type: the following new species :—

127. Amphoterus cribratus, sp. n.

. Length of the body 10 mm., of the antennz 2°5 mm.
A ane “fly of a dark ‘colour, with very strongly punctate body,
simple legs, and long pendulous antenne.
Head black; the ‘dark hairs on the frons erect; face grey-dusted
and vellowish-haired ; antennx and arista entirely black ; proboscis

ve

Fig. 19.—Amphoterus cribratus,sp.n @. X4.

black. Thorax and scutellum black, very strongly punctate, with
short yellowish pubescence, which is a little longer on the anterior
half of the pleurze. Abdomen black, punctate like the thorax, with
some pale erect hairs at the base and on the sides: its pubeseence
is short, vellowish, and denser towards the sides, while at the end of
the fourth segment it is abundant and almost of a golden colour ;

LIS SYRPHID®.

second and third segments each with a somewhat distinct median
band of grey pollen, narrowly interrupted in the middle and broader
towards the sides; fourth segment with several of these bands, one
after the other, but not very distinct. Genitalia black, with yellow
pubescence ; belly black. Legs entirely black, the femora sparsely
clothed witn pale hairs and “the tibia with short vellowish pu-
hescence ; all the tarsi very thin, not flattened ; first joint of hind
tarsi simple ; ; hind legs more robust than the anterior ones, but not
thickened and entirely simple. Wings greyish hyaline, with brown
veins and yellowish stigma; there is a broad infuscated pubescent
patch from the small cross-vein to the tip of the wing, extending
below to the lower corner of the discal cell.

Type 3, a single specimen from British East Africa, collected
by 7. J. Anderson.

Genus 24. CHRYSOTOXUM, Meigen (1803).

This genus seems to be very poorly represented in the Ethiopian
Jtegion.

Chrysotoxum continum, sp. n.

Length of the body 13 mm.

( “Tosely resembling Chr. intermedium, Meig. (¢talicum, Rond.),
but distinguished by having the dark costal band on the wings less
developed, and differing from any other European or North
American species known to me in having the yellow lateral stripe
on the thorax not interrupted at the suture.

In the Second Part of my ‘ Ditteri Eritrei’ (1908) T considered
the present species as an Ethiopian form of ¢atermedium; but 1
now think it better to regard it as a distinct species, the only
member of its genus ee from the Ethiopian Region. The
Temale is to be found in the Museum of Florence, and another
specimen in that of Budapest.

There is no necessity for a detailed description, the species being
almost like zrtermedium. 'The first two joints of the antennz are
perhaps a little longer; dorsum of thorax more shining, especially
behind ; the yellow lateral stripe is not interrupted, ona is of equal
width from the shoulders to the postalar callus ; pleurze with the
same spots as in zatermedium; scutellum yellow, with the same
pellucid spot. Abdominal pattern the same, the yellow bands being,
however, a little narrower as in all the specimens examined. Legs

and wings the same, but the latter only faintly infuscated along
the fore border, lacking the usual dark band near the end.

Type 3 and two additional specimens from Nairobi, East Africa
Protectorate, 5.v. 1911; another male specimen from 13 miles
north of M'bagori’s Village, cons Meru, Kast Africa Protectorate,
L3.xi. LOD, all collected by Mr. T. J. Anderson.

MICRODON, 119

Genus 25. MICRODON, Mergen (1803).

In the case of this genus the collection includes very many
interesting species, the majority of which are strikingly coloured,
while some appear to mimic various species of Hymenoptera. The
differences in structural characters are so pronounced that separation
into minor genera seems to be necessary; this, however, is not easy,
because the shape of antennz is very variable and shows gradual
transition to the extreme forms; the scutellum also gradually
passes from the armed to the unarmed form.

Of the generally accepted genera, Ceratophya, Myxogaster, and
Rhopalosyrphus are exclusively American, and therefore need not
be considered here. In the collection, however, there is a mutilated
specimen from the Cape which closely resembles -Wyxogaster or
Rhopalosyrphus, but has two small spines on the scutellumn ;
Dr. J. C. H. de Meijere, again, has described three Oriental species
(vespifor mis, indicus, and odyner -oides ), whichexhibit the characters
of the genera mentioned, while in each case the scutellum is
unarmed.

The recently described genus Paramicrodon, de Meijere, 1913,
which oceurs in New Guinea, has short antennz and an unarmed
scutellum, and is distinguished by the absence of a stump on the
third yein.

Of the generic names relegated to synonymy, Chymophila
pain to have been applied to a Microdon with the head of a

onops glued upon it; Dimeraspis was bestowed upon a true
North. American Microdon not far removed from the European
forms, but with an unarmed scutellum ; MJesophila is merely a
nomen nudum, which also applies to a North-American species of
true Microdon, with bilobed scutellum; Udbristes was bestowed
upon a Neotropical species, and, although its characters were not
clearly defined, it was possibly meant to include South-American
forms with an unarmed scutellum; Omegasyrphus also includes
American forms with: narrow abdomens, the second segment of
which exhibits a very peculiar sculpture.

As stated above, the Ethiopian forms before me exhibit a
great many structural variations, the existence of which renders it
necessary to institute new genera; for the present, however, it seems
better to divide the species in question into anonymous groups,
since some of the names mentioned above can perhaps be apphed
to them. I have introduced only two new generic names for two
very striking forms, one of which is allied to Ewmerus and has
been described above.

The following is a table for the distinction of the Ethiopian
groups of the genus Mierodon, s. 1., with the addition of the twe
new genera :—

1 (14) Middle cross-vein situate on the basal third of
the discal cell; third longitudinal vein pro-
vided with the usual peculiar stump in the
subapical cell; a distinct cross-vein uniting

9

2 (13)
3 (4)
4 (3)
5 (12)
6 (7)
7 (6)
8 (9)
9 (3)

11

(11)

(10)

SYRPHIDS.

the tips of the auxiliary and the first vein ;
subapical cross-vein not bent towards its
middle and with no stump at that point; first
antennal joint more or less elongate, almost
exceeding the second in length.

Third antennal joint bare, ae, or less elongate ;

arista developed as usual; face without. fur-
rows, or these only slightly developed,

Aen narrow and stalked, the second seg-

ment being very much cdusericted towards its
middle, and there much narrower than the

thorax; thorax and legs bare; scutellum with
two spines

se eee eee CU le ea se

Abdomen not stalked, m: nostly very , broad, ‘nd at

least as broad as ae thorax.

Third antennal jeint as long as or shorter than

the first, pendulous ; second joint well de-
veloped, sometimes almost as long as the
third: eyes of male with a prominent angle
in the middle of the frons, slightly convergent ;
thorax and head with a very short pilosity.

Antenne very short and thick, the third joint

ovate, as long as the first; smallish, short
species, with almost rounded abdomen ;
scutellum deeply emarginate at end; ocelli
distant; legs and thorax rather pilose

Antenne of the ordinary length, the third joint

shorter than the first, whic th is usually thin.

Seutellum with strong spines; ocelli distant ;

legs and thorax pilose ; short, rounded,

geneous species, very much resembling the
Kuropean ones ..

Scutellum rounded, without. spines, neither

dentate nor emarginate; ocelli in contact
with each other, forming a single tubercle ;
lees bare ; rather elongate species, usually of
considerable size, and “often very striking in
coloration.

Body almost cylindrical, brown and blackish

coloured, very strongly punctate; third

antennal joint rather short t; second abdominal

segment depressed in the middle and produced
ou each side; first joint of hind tarsi greatly
swollen ...

Cee let cl 09) ¢ Sep eueire loiie te io nem tet ecw

Body not cylindrical, thie ahdomen being usually

broader than the thorax even if elongate, its
second segment not produced on each side or
only very rarely ; punctuation slighter and
coloration more striking ; first joint of hind
tarsi not or not so much swollen; third
antennal joint usually elongate

g (ee) 0 0) eay nile ove

Third antennal joint enormously elongate, erect,

4 to 5 times as long as the first ; second joint
very short, almost rudimentary ; eyes of male
with scarcely any trace of a prominent angle
ond very widely separate; ocelli distant ;
thorax head, a and legs clothed with long hair.

GrevpP I.

Grovp II.

Group IIL.

Grote LV.

Group V.

Grovr VI.

MICRODON. 12

13 (2) Third antennal joint four times as
long as the fir.t, feathered, clothed
with long and solt hairs on its iuner
and outer sides; arista rudimentary,
represented by a very short stump ;
eyes very widely separate, without
prominent anvle in the middie of
the frens; face with oblique fur-
rows; ocelli rather distant ; seutellum
toundedlessibared)., seyspi| . oelareels Ptilobactrum,

14 (1) Middle croxs-vein situate beyond the
middle of the discal cell; third
longitudinal vein without a stun;
no distinct cross-vein connecting the
tips of the auxiliary and first veins;
subapical ercss-vein bent towards
its middle and there provided with
an outwardly directed stump ; first
antennal joint very short, hardly
visible, the second greatly elongate,
longer than the third; oce!li dis-
tant; frons of male contracted
towards the middie; scutellum

rounded ; body cylindrical, strongly
punctate ; legs almost bare........ Amphoterus, gen, nov.

gen. noy,

Grove I. (illucens, sp. n.).

There is only a single specimen, withouta head ; notwithstanding
this, I think it better to name it, as it is very strongly differentiated
and is reminiscent of the American genus My: cogaster, which,
however, lacks the stump on the third vein. The recently described
M. acantholepidis, Speiser (1913), perhaps belongs here, but
seems to have a sessile abdomen.

129. Microdon illucens, sp. n.

3. Length of the body (without head) 8 mm.

A slender elongate species, very distinct owing to the abdomen
being pedunculate and to the presence of two thin and short but
well- “developed spines on the scutellum.

Head wanting. Thorax subquadrate, black, strongly punctate,
and consequently dull, with very short grey pubescence ; shoulders
shining yellowish ; pleure towards the middle with a vertical broad
band of silvery shining thick pubescence; the upper extremity of
this band emits a small transverse band, which runs along the
suture and across the back, being interrupted in the mipelien a
similar but less well-developed band is to be observed in front of
the scutellum, and before this band is a triangular deep black spot.
Scutellum strong, convex, rounded behind, punctate and coloured
like the thorax; the two small, short, yellow spines are placed

rather low down, and are slightly curved upwards. Metanotum
aie black. Squamule white, very small, with bare margins ;

122 SYRPHID XE.

halteres yellow. Abdomen black, punctate, with short, sparse,
silvery pubescence; first segment entirely black, as broad as the
scutellum; second greatly constricted in the middle, black, with a
vellowish pellucid streak on each side, leaving in the centre a thin
black median line, which is dilated into a triangle behind, the yellow
streaks being therefore abbreviated forwards and reaching the hind
border on the sides; third segment black, reddish towards the
hind border, where there is a transverse band of silvery pubescence ;
fourth entirely dark reddish, longer than the third, with a broad
black spot on each side at the base; genitalia red, concealed ; belly
red. Legs short and thin; coxe and femora black, the two
anterior pairs partly reddish, the hind pair with yellow knees ;

Fig. 20.—Microdon illucens, sp. N., a.
Abdomen, x 9.

four anterior tibie reddish, with white pubescence; hind tibie
white on the basal, black on the apical half; all the tarsi reddish
yellow, with a small black spot on the underside of each joint ;
claws with black tips; hind tarsi not dilated. Wings hyaline,
rather narrow, without stigma and with normal black veins; the
two apical cross-veins and the well-developed stump are all pa allel ;
lower corner of the subapical cell with short appendix, that of the
diseal cell with none.

Type 3, a single specimen from Cape Ceira, Mozambique,
Portuguese Hast Africa, 3. vi. 1904 (4. Muir).

Group II. (brevicornis, Loew).
This group is composed of short rounded species, with short
antenne and emarginate scutellum; they are not very different
from the typical species and have the thorax and seutellum similarly

MICRODON. 2S

clothed with hair. The frons of the male is very narrow, and in
both sexes frons and face are comparatively narrow, the face being
constricted below. There is a rather pronounced sexual dimor-
phism, the female being usually of larger size and differently
coloured.

Some Oriental species also seem to belong to this group, e. g.
stimplicicor Nis, de Meijere, from Java, and grageti, limbinervis,
and nove-quinee, de Meij., from New Guinea.

The collection includes specimens of the following species : —

1(2) Femora black, narrowly yellow at the end
alone; the female with deep blue body and
strongly infuscated wings; abdomen of
the male more or less yellow at the base

Giallo Orcatins ante anyhoo er Bie tik iamicren erent brevicornis, Loew.
2 (1) Femora yellow, more or less black above

towards the base; the female with zneous,

slightly bluish body, and not infuscated

wings ; abdomen of the male almost entirely

Vallone ba? th ft Saks Quad optae ss oo ties wen . estacerss Walls.

130. Microdon brevicornis, Loew (1858).

A well-known species, originally described from Caffraria, and
subsequently recorded from Assinie and Belgian Congo in West
Africa, and from Usambara and Kilimandjaro in E aa Africa.
The male, which is very different from the female, has ik ae been
described by Prof. Hervé-Bazin in Rev. Zool. Afric. iii. p- LOO
(1913).

Two males from Obuasi, Ashanti, W. Africa, 12 & 14. vi. 1907,
“caught on leaf” and ‘on stick on damp path” (Dr. W. M.
Graham): a female from same locality and collector, 15. vi.,

“caught in bush”; two females from Freetown, Sierra Leone,
W. Africa, 21. viii. and 12. ix. 1899 (H. H. Austen).

131. Microdon testaceus, Walker (1857).

A stout rounded species, in the male sex closely resembling the
preceding, but distinguished by the different coloration of thd legs
and by the very different appearance of the female.

The specimens before me answer well enough to the short
description of Walker, and it seems advisable here to characterise
the species more in detail.

3. Length of the body 7 mm.

Head nearly spherical, of a shining green zneous colour ; occiput
concave, grey-dusted ; frons relatively very narrow, ele inner
margins of the eyes ‘angulate and converging a little before the
middle of the frons, which at the same point exhibits a deep
transverse furrow; hair on frons and occiput rather long, dark
grey: ocelli widely distant from the vertex, situate almost in the
middle of the frons. adjacent to each other, but not in contact ;

124 SYRPHILD-E.

eves bare, of a shining dark brown colour, with facets almost equal
in size; antenne very short, black, the first joint clothed with
black hair, as long as the third, which is oval; second joint about
half the length of the third; arista short, as long as the third
joint and situate near its base, black, not thickened ; face narrow,
somewhat constricted below, gently convex, clothed with white
hairs, its ground-colour, however, being distinet ; proboscis yellow,
thick and prominent, with broad labella. ‘Thorax and scutellum
shining greenish zneous, finely punctate, clothed with rather long,
erect, dark grey hair; on the hind part of the dorsum, before the
seutellum, there are the characteristic spots margined with purple
and blue; pleure partly dark yellowish, with longer hairs.
Seutellum deeply emarginate behind, almost bidentate. Squamule
rather large, white; halteres whitish. Abdomen much broader
than the thorax, short and rounded, clothed with short hair; it is
almost entirely yellow, only the sides and the fourth segment
being more or less darkened; second, third, and fourth segments
with the transverse bands of grey pubescence like those of brev-
cornis; the last segment is only twice as long as the third, and
the divisions between segments are distinct. Genitalia dark
yellow, pilosity white. Belly entirely yellow. Legs with rather
long, pale pubescence; cox black; femora yellow, more or less
darkened towards the base above; tibie whitish, with an ill-defined
dark ring beyond the middle; tarsi short and broad, yellowish, the
first joint of the hind tarsi not swollen. Wings greyish hyaline,
with strong black veins, but without any infuscation ; only the
lower corner of the subapical cell bears an appendix.

Q. Length of the body 8 mm. Of larger size than the ¢ ;
thorax and head blacker; frons and face broader, but the latter
narrowed below; abdomen entirely blue-black, only the second
segment being a little yellowish towards the sides; tibiz broadly
black at the end; wings greyish hyaline as in the male.

Two male specimens and a female from Durban, Natal, 1902
(F. Muir); Walker's type was also obtained at Durban.

\

Grove IIT. (obesus, Hervé- Bazin).

This group consists of the typical species devvus and mutabilis ;
the thorax and legs are clothed with rather long hair; the frons is
narrow in the male; the face is broad, and not constricted below ;
the antennz are long, the first joint being thin and longer than
the third, which is elongate.

The only addition to the group is the following species, which is
allied to the two already mentioned.

132. Microdon obesus, Hervé- Bazin (1913).

A small, hairy species, not unlike the European devivs, but
smaller and with stronger and longer spines on the seutellum.
Body very finely punctate. Frons rather short; ocelli not far

MICRODON. 125

from the vertex and distant from each other; face twice as broad
as the frons; jowls with a small circular pit on each side. Meta-
notum shining black, bare ; squamule and halteres pale yellowish.
Margins ot abdominal segments distinct; genitalia black, clothed
with white hair. Small cross-vein close to the base of the discal
cell, almost in the same line as the ecross-vein forming the distal
boundary of the second basal cell; subapical and discal cells short,
the lower corner of the former bearing an appendix.

A single male specimen from Uganda, Plains N.E. of Lake
Edward, 3,200 feet, “in open,” 15-16.x.1911 (8. A. Neave).
The type of the species was obtained in Belgian Congo.

Grove LV. (gunctulatus, W7ed.).

The species belonging to this group are distinguishable from
those of the following one by their smailer size and the cylindrical
shape of body, the abdomen being not broader than the thorax and
having the second segment depressed in the middle, and elevated
and produced at the sides, rather like that of Omegasyrphus, but
to a less extent. They also have a more strongly punctate body,
the first joint of the hind tarsi greatly swollen, and are duller in
colour, being blackish brown and dark reddish. The ocelli and
legs show the same characters as in the following group, and the
subapical and discal cells have their lower corners broadly rounded
and without an appendix.

In the collection there are two species, the first of which I
believe to be Wiedemann’s species. The recently described
M. tarsalis, Hervé-Bazin (1913), has the first joint of the hind
tarsi similarly shaped, but cannot be placed in the present group on
account of its bispinose seutellum. On the other hand, eremasto-
gastri, apis, and captum, Speziser (1913), belong here, while
varius, Walker, is probably a Graptomyza:

1 (2) Third antennal joint black; wings strongly

infuseated ; abdomen in great part black;

Meme eh MAES, cre Ot oieia ndn acca o ate punctulatus, Wied.
2 (1) Third antennal joint red like the others ;

wings greyish hyaline; abdomen in great

part reddish; slender specizs 9 mm. in

Lémorthis stay’ sf. MSTA: yet. babe thease) sits rugosus, Sp. N,

133. Microdon punctulatus, Wiedemann (1824).

A male specimen from Durban, Natal (J. P. Cregoe), which I
assume to belong to this species, as it answers well enough to the
description, although Wiedemann gives a smaller size. In this
specimen the frons is of a dark reddish colour, like the face; the
third antennal joint alone is black; thorax on the sides of the
dorsum and pleure above, as far as the seutellum, reddish; the
second segment of the abdomen on each side, and the distal

126 SYRPHID®.

extremity of the very elongate third segment, as also the genitalia,
of a dark red colour ; legs entirely red, only the hind tarsi being
blackish.

There is a female from Durban ( #. Muzs), which has an entirely
black head and a black second antennal joint; thorax and scutellum
wholly black; abdomen black, with the third and fourth segments
red on the base and at the tip; hind legs almost entirely black, as
described by Wiedemann.

Length of body 14 mm., while Wiedemann gives only 7 mm.

134. Microdon rugosus, sp. n.

3. Length of body 8 to 9 mm.

Very near the preceding species, but smaller and slender in shape,
with entirely red antennze and hyaline wings. The size of the
present species corresponds better to that given by Wiedemann for
punctulatus, but the antenn and wings are different.

Fig. 21.—Microdon rugosus, sp.n. G. xX 6.

Head black, strongly wrinkled, covered with short and sparse
whitish pubescence, which does not conceal the ground-colour of
the face; the frons, as far as the transverse furrow, and the upper
border of the occiput near the vertex are red; the ocellar triangle
and an area surrounding it are black and shining, the ocelli are
very close together; eyes shining dark brown, with facets of equal
size, rather near toge ther in the middle of the frons owing to their
prominent angles; antenne rather long, entirely dark red, the
first joint bare and thin, as long as the two following joints taken
together; third joint oval, attenuated at the tip, with a ver vy short
but not thick reddish arista; face gently convex, not constricted
below; opening of buceal cavity small; jowls with a small pit on

MICRODON. eT

each side; proboscis retracted. Thorax subquadrate, wholly black,
dull owing to being strongly punctate, though shining on_ the
pleuree beneath, with very short yellowish pubescence ; ‘seutellum
semicircular, punctate like the thorax, but bare and somewhat
shining, entirely red, with a simple, rounded hind border. Meta-
notum shining black, wrinkled towards the middle above. Squamulze
and halteres white. Abdomen elongate, with almost parallel sides,
as broad as the thorax, but with the second segment a little dilated
on each side, punctate and pubescent like the thorax; first segment
black; second short, black in the middle, broadly red on the sides
and narrowly red on the hind bcerder; it shows a_ sculpture
reminiscent of that of Omegasyrphus, but much less developed ;
third segment twice as long as the second, black, with the sides
and hind border red ; fourth twice as long as the third, red, with
two more or less brad black spots on the sides; genitalia red ;
sometimes the second and third segments are wholly black, and
the fourth has only the hind border black; belly black, with yellow
hind borders to the first and second segments. Legs short and
almost bare, red, with coxze and femora near the base black or dark
brown ; first joint of hind tarsi strongly swollen, deep black like
the following joints; claws red, with black tips. Wings greyish
hyaline, ih an elongate triangular dark spot towards the tip ‘and
on the costal border, formed by pubescence; veins strong and
black, normal; subapical cross-vein strongly recurrent ; external
lower corners of subapical and discal cells much rounded and
without an appendix.

Type 3, and two additional specimens from British East Africa,
M’bagori’s Village, edge of Kenia Forest, 5,000 feet, 12.11.1911
CE a Anderson).

Grove V. (inermis, Loew).

This seems to be the most numerous and characteristic group of
Microdon in the Ethiopian region. ‘To it belong the larger and
more strikingly coloured species, some of which are very strange
and beautiful flies.

The characters of the group are: Body and legs almost bare,
lightly punctate; ocelli in contact with each other and forming a
tubercle ; antenne elongate, the third joint sometimes as long as
the first ; frons and face very broad, the face not narrowed below ;
abdomen broader than the thorax at the base, attenuate behind,
conical rather than cylindrical in shape, the second segment simple
(with one exception ) and the fourth segment in the male greatly
elongate, usually four or five times as long as the third; first joint
of hind tarsi not or very little swollen.

Of the present group three species have already been described,
viz. inermis, ethiopicus, and erythros, all of which I have included
in the following table, although the two last are not represented
in the collection :—

128

1 (2)

SYRPHID-E.

Knutirely black and elongate species,
more than 20 mm.in length; antenna
and legs black, but the latter some-
times of a reddish colourin the male;
abdomen elongate, the second sey-
ment produced on each side, very
thinly punctate ; third antennal joint
halfasiloneas the inst 2.8 Se) 8

2 (1) Less elongate species, not more than

3 (4)
4 (5)
5 (8)
6 (7
TONS
8 (6

9 (10)

10 (9)

12 (11)

18 mm. in length, the abdomen
broader than the thorax at the base
and conical, its second segment always
simple; not entirely black, the abdo-
men, head, antenne, or legs being red
or yellow; third antennal joint about
as long as the first.

Abdomen black; head, antenne, and
legs iawhellymedst saitgus.. Lee. Leet.

Abdomen yellow or red; antenne
black; head black or with the face
alone yellow.

Legs wholly black; face yellow ; first
and second antennal joints clothed
with rather long hair; rather pro-
minent species of larger size.

7) Abdomen yellow ; Hastern species ....

Abdomen red; Western species

) Legs wholly or mostly red or yellow ;

face black; first and second antennal
joints almost bare; smaller and less
pilose species.

lind legs partly black; the two first
antennal joints of a dark reddish
colouxs.. .F. «+. & 5.019 0.6.5 .0.0 cdc nO

Hind legs entirely red or yellow;
antenne entirely black.

Abdomen and legs dark red; wings
with a uniform bluish-black tinge ;
trochanters and pleure black ; arista
reddish,

Abdomen and legs pale yellowish red ;
wings infuscated along the veins
alone ; trochanters yellowish ; pleurze
sometimes spotted with yellow ; arista
blaelosetwe ft: ;

135. Microdon mydas, sp.

mydas, Sp. 0.

erythrocephalus, sp. n.

lutetventris, sp. n.
erytiros, Bezzi.

etiiopicus, Rond,

tnermis, Loew,

pallidus, sp. n.

n.

3 2 Length of the body in the male 19 mm.; in the female
21 mm., excluding in each case the antenne, which are 5 mm.

long.

A wonderful dull black species of considnrable size, resemblin

ga

Mydas, and exhibiting some of the characters of the preceding
group, with which it forms a connecting-link.

The two sexes show remarkable differences in coloration.

IT will

MICRODON. 129

describe the male first. Head black, moderately punctate, a little
shining; towards the occiput there are some rather long, erect,
black hairs; the frons shows very short black pubescence ; its fore
part and the face are covered with a distinet whitish pubescence ;
eyes dark brown, shining, with facets of equal size and with their
prominent angles fairly close together; the transverse furrow in
the middle of the frons is deep: ocelli close together, forming a
round tubercle placed in the middle of a broad longitudinal furrow,
which runs from the vertex above to the base of the antennz, and
there encloses a smooth shining black triangle. Antennze very
long, the first joint clothed with. very short hair and as long as the
last. two joints taken together; second joint rather lone ; third
joint short, only a little ‘longer than halt the length of the first ;

arista black, not thickened, as long as the third antennal joint,
which is dull grey, while the first two joints are of a shining black

Fig. 22.—Mierodon mydas, sp.n.. Q. x 2

colour. Opening of buccal cavity small; proboscis short, black.
Thorax rectangular, minutely punctate, convex, entirely dull
black, with a very small reddish spot on the shoulders; the thorax
is bare, with sparse yellowish pubescence in front and on the pleur.
Seutellum convex, semicircular, punctate like the thorax, pubescent
only towards the sides, with a simple hind border; in the middle
there are four rather distinct, parallel furrows, running from the
base to the hind margin. Metanotum shining black, smooth ;
metapleure not punctate, with tiny transverse furrows. Squamule
whitish, with black borders and short black fringes; halieres pale
yellow ish. Abdomen very elongate, with almost parallel sides, only
x little attenuated behind; the second segment a little broader and
produced at the sides ; it is entirely black, even on the belly, only the
last segment having a broad, dark red hind border; the whole abdo-
men is punctate like the thorax ; pubescence very short and entirely

Ix

130 SYRPHID ©.

black, no distinct bands of pale hairs; third segment twice as long as
the second, fourth three times as long as the third, all the sutures
distinct ; genitalia red, clothed with short vellowish hair. Legs
almost bare, with black ecoxz; femora and tibie of a very dark
reddish colour, but the former blackened at base or at least at end;
tarsi black or dark brown, the first joint of the hind tarsi slightly
thickened; claws black, pulvilli dark brown; front tarsi very
broad and ‘flat, grey pollinose above. Wings long and broad, with
a general shining ‘brownish- vellow tinge and strong, black veins ;
lower outer corners of subapical and discal cells very much rounded
and without stumps ; alula, axillary lobe, anal cell, ‘and middle part
of the second basal cell in contact, with the fourth longitudinal
vein almost hyaline.

The female (fig. 22) is very like the male, but of larger size and
blacker in colour; the pubescence on the face is black, yellowish
only towards the eyes and margin of the buccal cavity; eyes
farther apart; occipital border less developed ; thorax and scutellum
with black pubescence ; abdomen longer, entirely black, the fifth
segment one-third as long as the fourth; legs entirely black ;
wings for the most part greyish hyaline, the dark tinge being
limited to the fore border and not extending beyond the third
longitudinal vein.

Type 3, trom Uganda Protectorate, Tero Forest, S.E. Buddu,
3,800 ft., 26-30. ix. 1911 is: A. Neave); type °, from N.W.
shores oF Victoria Nyanza, 3,800-3,900 ft., 12-15. ix. 1911 (same
collector). 1 think there can be no doubt on the female described
belongs to the same species as the male.

136. Microdon erythrocephalus, sp. n.

2. Length of body 13 to 14 mm., of the antennze 4 mm.

A very distinct black species, with red head, antenne, and legs,
forming another addition to the extensive list of Ethiopian flies
distinguished by their black or blue bodies and wings, which
contrast with their red heads, like Bromophila caffra, Macq.,
Clitodoca fenestralis, Macq., Platystoma ruficeps, Enderl., ete.

Head very broad, entirely dark red, with short golden pubescence
on the face, a small amount of similar pubescence on the central
portion of the frons, silvery hair on the lower hind borders of the
eyes, and with some white erect hairs on the lower part of the nie ;
occipital border very broad at the vertex, S/ratvomyzia-like ; trans-
verse furrow in middle of frons distinct ; ocelli agoregated — a
small black dot, on either side of which there is a aa which
anteriorly converges towards its fellow; a shorter furrow runs
obliquely from the upper angle of each eve to the vertex ; above the
base of the antenne there is a triangular smooth area of a blackish
colour, which is connected by a furrow with the anterior extremity
of the ocellar furrows ; eyes shining black, comparatively small,
and oval ; opening of buccal cavity small ; proboscis reddish, re-
tracted ; antenne long, entirely red. the third joint paler than the

we
—

MICRODON, le

first two joints, which are almost bare, with very short black
pubescence ; third joint cylindrical, a little longer than the first.
with a reddish and rather short arista, which is not thickened ;
second joint half as long as the first. Thorax and_ scutellum
entirely black, and dull owing to being densely and coarsely punctate ;
the thorax is bare or has only a hardly visible black pubescence,

while only the upper side of the sternopleura i is whitish pollinose ;
metanotum shining black; hind part of meso-, ptero-, and metapleur:
smooth, not punctate, dull, with some faint furrows. Scutellum
semicircular, rather small, like the thorax, with trace of a middle
longitudinal furrow. Abdomen conical, broader than the thorax at
the base and similarly punctate, dull, bare, with very short black
yubeseence ; fourth segment one and a halle times as long as the
third, fifth half as lone as the fourth, reddish on the hind border

Fig. 23.—Microdon erythrocephalus, sp.n., Q. X 3.

towards the middie; third, fourth, and fifth segment with two
oblique stripes of white dust on each side, the outer being more
distinct. Belly black; ovipositor reddish. Legs bare, with short
yellowish pubescence on the tibie, entirely red, except coxie and
hind trochanters, which are black, and front and hind tarsi, which
are somewhat infuscated ; first joint of hind tarsi not swollen.
Wings broad, blackish, with purplish reflexions, but with grey
patches aa the middle of the cells of the posterior half, only
black borders to the veins being sometimes present ; subapical cross-
vein strongly recurrent ; stump on the third vein very long, sub-
apical and ice al cells with very much rounded lower outer corners,
each of which is sometimes provided with a short stump.

Type 2, from Kasai near Kampala, Uganda, 30. vit. 1911
(S. A. Neare): another specimen from Western Ankole, Uganda.
4,500-5 ips ft., “open short grass country, with some bush,”
10-11. x. L911 (same collector).

% 2

132 SYRPHID ©.

137. Microdon luteiventris, sp. n.

3 2. Length of body in the male 14 mm., in the female 17 mm. ;
length of antenna 4°5 mm.

A broad and plump black species with bright yellow face and
abdomen, and with longer pubescence than in the two preceding
species.

This species seems to be very nearly allied to my J. erythros,
from the Congo, which, however, has a bright red abdomen, like
that of the H ymenopter on Kwaspis erythros, Meun.

Male. Head black, the face yellow from the base of the antennz
to the margin of the buccal cavity, but the jowls are black ; occiput,
face, and a transverse band across the centre of the fone clothed
with dense but short erect hairs of a pale yellowish colour; frons
elsewhere clothed with black hair, but above the antennez with a
triangular, smooth and shining, bare area; frons very finely pune-
tate ; ocelli not so close together as in the other species ; eyes
shining black, with facets of “equal size, the inner angle of the eyes
somew hat convergent, the transverse furrow on the Pronn not very
pronounced ; face gently convex, very broad, broader below than
above; jowls with a broad depression near the margin of the buceal
cavity ; antenn black, first and second joints clothed with black
hairs ; tlaed joint a little shorter than the first, with a black, thin,
ther long arista; second joint less than one-third the length of
the first; opening of buceal eavity small; proboscis yellowish.
Thorax placic subquadrate, finely punetate, clothed with rather
dense yellowish pubescence, which forms a broad band in front,
another narrower one on the suture and a smaller one before the
scutellum ; the hind part of the dorsum is clothed with short black
hair; pleure on the fore half with yellowish pubescence, on the
hind half bare and smooth. Scutellum rather small, semicircular,
with long, erect, yellowish hairs. Squamule black, the alar yellow-
fringed, the thoracie black-fringed; halteres pale yellowish. Ab-
domen at base much broader than the thorax; the first segment
is black, the other segments and the belly a yellow, w ye short
yellowish pubescence on the sides, base, and end, and with black
pubescence on the middle, where the surface is somewhat dull;
genitalia yellow; abdomen very finely punctate; third segment
twice as long as the second; fourth two and a half times as long as
the third. Legs short and stout, entirely shining black, rather
thickly clothed wth black hair; claws black, pulv li dark yellowish ;
tarsi broad and short. very shining above, especially the first joint
of the hind tarsi, which is rather thick Wings lightly infuseated,
with strong black veins and sometimes with broad black borders
along the veins: outer corners of subapical and discal cells rounded,
and without appendices ; stump on third vein long.

Female, Like the male, but broader, longer, sad darker-coloured ;
head as in the male, with broader frons, and only on the occiput
and on upper part with black hairs; hind occipital border less

MICRODON. 133

developed; hair on thorax, scutellum, and pleurz entirely black ;
alar squamula black-fringed like the thoracic ; abdomen darkened
towards the middle of the fourth and fifth segments, the sutures of
the third, fourth, and fifth segments almost obliterated i in the middle ;
legs as in the male ; wings more blackened in mature specimens.

“Type dsa single specimen from British East Africa, Yala River,
southern edge of ‘Kakumega Forest, 4,800—5,300 ft., 21-28. v. 1911
(S.A. Neave): ; type &, from Uggnda Protectorate, "Mount Kokan-
jero, S.W. of Elgon, 6,400 ft., 7-9. viii. 1911 (S. A. Neave); an
additional female specimen a eect Western Ankole, 4,500—
5,000 ft., “in forest,” 12-14. x. 1911 (S. A. eave).

138. Microdon inermis, Loew.

A black species, with black wings and dark red abdomen and
legs.

Lassume this specimen to belong to Loew’s species, since it corre-
sponds exactly to the description; the stump on the third vein is
not wanting, as stated by Prof. Hervé-Bazin (Rev. Zoolog. Afric.
ii. 1913, p. 98), but is long and well developed, as in the allied
species. Pubescence very short ; basal joints of the antennz bare ;
ocelli close together. Loew’s description was based on a male from
Caffraria, and Hervé-Bazin has described a female from Katanga.
The female is like the male ; the frons and face are very broad, the
the latter with well-defined furrows running from the base of the
antennee to the jowls; sutures between the es abdominal segments
obliterated towards the middle ; halteres whitish yellow, not reddish
as in the male; wings blue-black. There is no difference between
the sexes in the colour of the pubescence on the head, thorax, and
scutellum.

A male specimen from British East Africa, 13 miles north of
M'bagori’s Village, towards Meru, 13.11.1911 (7. J. Anderson): a
female from M bagori’s Village, edge of Kenia Forest, 5,000 ft.,
12. 11. 1911 (same collector).

159. Microdon pallidus, sp. n.

$ 9. Length of body 10-12 mm., of antenna 4 mm.

Very like the preceding species, but distinguished by its smaller
size and the paler coloration of the abdomen, legs, and wings.

The two sexes are alike in coloration.

Head black, punctate, and dull, with very short yellowish pubes-
cence; frons of the male eontmieted below the middle, and with a
deep transverse groove connecting the inner angles of the ey os
frons of the ene broad, and witha less distinct transverse groove
ocelli fairly close together ; face without the distinct furrows seen
in the preceding species; occipital border in the female, from the
vertex to the jowls, of a dark reddish colour; head below clothed
with long erect white hair; antenne long, the first and the second

segments clothed with short black hair: third joint shorter than

13 4. SYRPHIDE.

the first, with a thin black arista; second joint about one-third as
long as the first. Thorax entirely dull black, punctate, with short
yellowish pubescence ; hind part of the pleura moderately shining,
and exhibiting a series of narrow furrows; scutellum small, semi-
circular, punctate, and pubescent like the thorax. Squamulz white,
with short white fringes; halteres pale vellowish. Abdomen in-
cluding the ventral surface entirely of a pale tawny colour, finely
punctate and dull; its pubescence is very short and yellowish ;
genitalia of the male and ovipositor of the female of the same colour
as the abdomen; first segment slightly infuscated below the
scutellum, second segment short, third twice as long as the second,
fourth two and a half times as long as the third. fifth in the female
as long as the fourth; the sutures are obliterated towards the
middle, the oblique stripes of white dust on the sides are not very
noticeable, and in the female are almost wanting. Legs entirely
ochraceous, bare, and dull, only the cox are black ; claws black,
pale at the base. Wings gr evish hyaline, with black veins, which
have broad dark borders; venation normal.

Type 3 , a single specimen from Uganda Protectorate, Northern

Buddn, ¢ 3,800 ft., 16-18. ix. 1911 (8S. A. Neave); type 2, a single
specunen from Uganda Protectorate, between Jinja and Busia or
M'bwago’s, E. Busoga (“some forest”) 3,800—4,000 ft., 28. vi1.—
1 vill. 1911 (same collectcr).

’

Grove VI. (villosus, sp. n.).

This group is limited at present to a single species, which, how-
ever, is distinguished from any other by the very remarkable
structure of the antenne. The antenne are also carried in a
different manner; instead of being pendulous they are erect and
curve outwards, as in certain Laphviine or in Callicera. The
second antennal joint is rudimentary ; the first is rather short; the
arista is normal. The head and thorax are clothed with rather
long hair; the secutellum is not armed with spines; the ocelli are
wide apart; the venation is entirely normal.

The brcad head of the male, the structure of the antennie, and
the way in which these organs are carried give to this species a
very singular facies. and I was at. first melined to erect a special
genus for it. But I think it better to include it for the present
in Mrerodon, s.\., on account of the fact that, apart from the head,
it shows no structural differences, and that the cephalic characters
are also indicated in other species—tor example, the North-American
M. pachystylum, Will., which has a very broad frons in the male
anda third antennal joint two and a half times as long as the first,
but the third joint is not erect and is pendulous as usual. — In
the Javanese MW. vespiformis, de Meij., the third antennal joint 1s
nearly three times as long as the first, but is pendulous, and the
second joint is short but w “ell developed.

MICRODON. 135

140, Microdon villosus, sp. n.

. Length of the body 1 12 mmn., of the antennae 4 mm.

k ‘rather hairy species, readily distinguishable owing to the
structure and mode of carr lage of its antenne.

Head very broad, distinctly broader than the thorax, bronze-
black, finely punctate, mode rately shining, clothed with rather
long, erect, yellowish hairs, which on the face show golden re-
flexions; frons very broad for a male, the shining black equally
Suechiad eves being rather small, and without distinct prominent
angles towards the middle of frons; the transverse frontal furrow
is, however, well marked; ocelli rather far apart, arranged in an
equilateral triangle; face gently convex, as broad as the frons,
becoming broader below; it is black in the middle, with a broad
vellow border on each side; jowls with a small, broad, but shallow
pit on each side; opening of buceal cavity small, the proboscis
scarcely projecting. Antenne erect, entirely black, the first joint
shining and almost bare; second joint very small; third dull,
cued almost arched, ‘hae kened towards the middle, about four

Fig. 24.—Microdon villosus, sp.n. Head of male. X10.

and a half times as long as the first ; arista situate at base of third
segment, of a dark yellow ish colour, thin, about half the length of
the third joint. Thorax shining neous, very finely punctate :
clothed on dorsum with rather long and dense bright reddish hair,
which becomes yellowish on the pleure e, the hind part of which is,
however, bare as usual. Scutellum mail, semicircular, shining
black, clothed with long yellowish hair, with an unarmed hind
border. Squamule w tice with yellow borders and rather long
white fringes; halteres pale yellowish. Abdomen at base broader
than the ee attenuated behind, conical, the second segment de-
pressed in the middle, but not produced at the sides ; thir d segment
about as long as the second, fourth two and a half times the length
of the third; all the sutures are distinet; the abdomen is black, dull,
dark yellowish in the middle at the base, with a few rather long
yellowish hairs on the sides at the base and on the hind border of
the basal segments; on each side of the second and third segments
there are two indistinet oblique stripes of yellowish pubescence ;

156 SYRPHIDE.

genitalia dark yellowish brown, clothed with yellow hair; venter
black, with rather long yellow hair on the hind borders of the
segments. Legs eneous black, with rather long and dense, yellow
and silky shining hair, chiefly on the tibic ; claws black, pulvilli
dark yellow- brow n; tarsi not very broad, first joint of hind tarsi
not thickened. Wings greyish hy aline, with a light yellowish
tinge and yellow veins (the specimen is perhaps immature) ; lower
outer corners of subapical and discal cells rounded and without
appendices.

Type &, a single specimen from Uganda Protectorate, plains
N.E. of Lake Edward, 3,200 ft., “in the open,” 15-16. x. 1911
(S. A. Neave).

Genus 26. PTILOBACTRUM, nov.

Closely resembling a Microdon belonging to Group V., and with
shnilar venation, but distinguished by the breadth of the head,
by the face being furrowed, and by the unusual shape of the
antenne.

Head of male much broader than the thorax ; eves bare, shining
black, very small, oval, with small equal-sized facets, without con-

=

Fig. 25.—Piilobaelrum neavei, sp.n., Q. x4.

vergent angies in the middle of the frons; frons enormously broad,
without a trace of the usual median transverse groove, but with a
distinct furrow rnnning from the upper corner of each eye to the
ocdli; this furrow is ‘perhaps homologous with the usual median
transverse groove; face enormously broad, broader than long, pro-
minent read the middle, and provided with two broad furrow

PTILOBACTRUM. 137

running obliquely from the base of antennz to the jowls, but not
reaching the inferior corners of the eyes; these furrows seem to
be adapted for the reception of the third iibcotiad joints. Ocelli
near together, but not in contact; opening of buccal cavity small,
proboscis thin, somewhat projecting. Antenne very pecuhar ; first
joint shining black, comparatively short, almost bare ; second very
short, but cone third pendulous, extremely elongate, five times
as long as the first, dark grey, clothed throughout its whole length
with long, thin, soft fas , which are arr. anced like feathers on the
mner ail outer sides; the base of the third joint is excavated on
the outside, and at this point there is to be observed a very short
rudiment of the arista; the extreme tip of the third segment: is

Fig. 26.—Ptilobactrinm neavet, sp. n.
Left antenna from outer side, x 12.

bare, and ends obliquely. Pubescence on head, thorax, and seu-
tellum rather long, but not dense. Scutellum simple, rounded.
Abdomen conical, a little broader than the thorax at base, the
second segment simple, the third a little longer than the second,
the fourth twice as long as the third. Legs short and stout,
almost bare. Wings w ith usual venation, the subapical cross-vein
strongly recurrent, “the lower outer angles of the subapical and
dorsal cells acute and not provided with appendices, the stump on
the third vein of moderate length, the small cross-vein situate on
the basal third of the discal cell.

Type: P. neavei, sp. n

In the North-American species, JZ. pachys/ylum, Will., referred
to above, the arista is also very short—about a third of the length
of the last antennal joint, which is, however, quite bare.

141. Ptilobactrum neavei, sp. n.

Length of body 13 mm.; length of the third antennal joint
alone 4°5 mm.

A black species, with the second and third abdominal segments
yellow, the third having on each side a broad round black spot.

Head black, punctate, moderately shining; frons near the eyes,
and jowls partly of a dark yellowish colour ; the dark yellowish
hair along the vertex is very long and erect, while on the middle
of the frons at the sides the hair is short ; ; pubescence on face pale

138 SYRPILIDE.

yellowish, with silky reflexions; hair on the third antennal joint
of a dark grey colour; rudiment of the arista reddish; proboscis
pale : yellow; head below clothed with long whitish hair. Thorax
and scutellum entirely black, punctate, with rather long but slant-
ing pale yellow pubescence ; front part of the pleuree with rather
long, erect, whitish hair, hind part bare ; scutellum semicircular,
with a faintly marked median longitudinal furrow. Metanotum
shining black. Squamule white, with short white fringes ; halteres
pale yellowish. First se sement ot the abdomen blacks with a

narrow yellow hind border on each side; second entirely yellow ;
third yellow, with a broad rounded black spot on each side, w hich
reaches the fore border but not the sides; fourth black, with
lateral borders narrowly yellow, and also bearing a triangular dark

Fig. 27.— Ptilobactrum neavei, sp. n., ¢.

Head in profile, x 7.

yellow median spot at the distal extremity ; abdominal pubescence
very short, whitish, but black along the ‘middle line ; belly black,
yellowish pubescent ; genitalia black. Legs bare, the femora
shining, the tibize whitish-dusted; coxa and hind trochanters
black; femora and tibie yellow, the latter w ith a blackish spot
above at tip; tarsi broad and flat (especially the front pair), black,
with yellowish pubescence ; first joint of hind tarsi not thickened ;
claws black, pale at the base; pulvilli yellow. Wings hyaline,
shining, with a faint pale yellowish tinge ; veins yellow, more or
less darkened outwards ; vena spuria very faintly marked.

Type d,a single specimen from British East Africa, Upper
Nzoia River, 5,100 5,400 ft., 5-7. vi. 1911, collected by S. A. Neave,
in whose honour this strange and beautiful insect is named.

Genus 27. CERIOIDES, Rondani (1850).

Of this genus there are in the collection only six specimens,
which, however, belong to five different species or varieties. The
Ethiopian species of Cerioides at present known, some of which
were very recently described in a valuable paper of Prof. Hervé-
Bazin, number thirteen.

CERIOIDES.

1 (6) Antenne situate on a long peticle; a strong

5
~

ie

cm

cross-vein between auxiliary and first longi-
tudinal veins at the end of the auxiliary ; ;
kink in the third vein broad and flat (in
all the species here considered without an
appendix, which, however, is present in
some other cases); postical cross-vein
ulm«st in the same line as the subapical
one; elongate species of considerable size,
from 16 to 20 mm. in length, with a club-
shaped abdomen, the distal extremity being
expanded into an oval.

(5) Seutellum yellow ; thorax and abdomen with

yellow or reddish spots or stripes; antenne
and legs for the most part reddish.

(4) Pleurze with a broad, oblique, bright yellow

stripe; face yellow with a median narrow
brown stripe and a black stripe below on
each side; hind femora each with a rather
narrow y ellow Spot fie see = =F

) Pleural stripe of a dark red colour, instead of

bright yellow; face red, with a broad
yellow median. stripe, which is bordered
with black; no black stripes on the face
below; hind femora each with a very
broad yellow ring occupying more than
half the length of the joints .......... 3

5 (2) Scutellum black ; body of very large size and

fp)

almost entirely black, without light mark-
ings; antenne and legs black, the femora
slightly tinged with dark red fowatds the
oie aa ae. oe bo ee

(1) Antenne without petiole ; no cross-vein at

end of the auxiliary vein ; kink in the third
vein narrow and deep, = appendix ;
postical cross-vein reaching the fourth
vein almost opposite the kink, its upper
end being therefore nearer the hake of the
wing than is the base of the subapical vein:
shorter species of smaller size, from 10 to
11 mm. in length, with a short and rounded
abdominal club.

(8) Wings with an isolated dark spot on fore

border near the apex ; third and fourth
abdominal segments hes with a narrow
yellow band on the hind border; hind
femora yellow at the base ..............

8 (7) Wings with a continuous dark fore border ;

A beautiful species,

third and fourth abdominal segments with
broad yellow hind borders; hind femora
nob yellow at Che WeSC esl oe nate a3 ois

139

Those before me can be distinguished as follows :—

pulchra, H.-B.

neaver, sp. n.

speisert, H.-B.

bezzu, H.-B.

var. marginals, n.

142. Cerioides pulchra, Hervé-Bazin (1913).

very closely allied to hope, Saund., but

distinguished by having the lateral stripes on the thorax dark

140 SYRPHIDE.

reddish and less distinct, instead of broad and yellow, the first
abdominal segment bright yellow with a black median spot, and a
vellow ring on the middle. of the hind femora. The dark costal
border of the wings is not so black as in Saunders’s figure, but pale
brownish yellow and darkened towards the end, as stated in
Saunders’s description.

Asingle female specimen from Mid-Luangwa R., N-E. Rhodesia,
25, vin. 1910 CS. A. Neave), measuring 16 mm. in length, with-
out antenne. The type was obtained in Katanga.

443. Cerioides neavei, sp. 1-

dg. Length of the body excluding the antenne 16 te 17 mnt.

Closely allied to C. hope? and to the preceding species, but distin-
cuished by the face and the pleural stripes being red instead of
bright yellow, by the facial stripe being broadly bordered with
black, and by the broadly yellow hind femora. I think, however,

Fig. 28.— Cerioides neavet, sp.n., do. xX 3.

that it is quite possible that the present and preceding species are
only colour-varieties of C. hope?, Saunders ; C. ammophilina, Speiser
(1910), seems also to be a very closely allied species.

Head wholly red, passing to yellow ish on the sides of the face ;
on the middle of face there isa yellow stripe, running from the base
of the antennal petiole to the margin of the buceal cavity, but not
reaching the latter; this stripe becomes broader towards the middle,
and is bordered by black lines, which are brownish beneath; face
below with no trace of black bands, which are likewise absent on
the jowls; frontal triangle with an indistinct median longitudinal

CERIOIDES. 14).

yellowish stripe; eyes dark brown, bare, meeting at a point in the
middle of the frons, with facets of ‘equal size; ocelli close together,
surrounded by a black spot; occipital upper border much produced,
with a fringe of pale hair, which is continued below; frontal tri-
angle clothed with short and soft white hair; face bare, lightly
dusted with white pollen; proboscis black, with dark brown labella.
Antennal petiole long and strong, of the same red colour as the
head, antennz dark Tred, first and second joints of almost equal
length; third joint pale yellowish, shorter than the second, whitish-
dusted, with a terminal thin, acute style. Thorax black, dull,
with short dark grey pubescence; shoulders and lateral stripes from
them to the scutellum dark red; pleurze bare, the stripe which is
yellow in hope? is here of a red, rather shining colour. Scutellum
entirely yellow, narrowly reddish towards the base. Squamulee
dark yellowish, with short whitish fringes; halteres pale yellow.
Abdomen elongate, the petiole being as long as the oval expanded
portion ; first segment bright yellow, with a quadrate dull black
spot in the middle reaching the hind border, and with rather long
pale hair ; second reddish brown, witha yellow, somewhat indistinct
longitudinal stripe on each side, black towards the hind border ;
third and fourth segments black, sparsely dusted with grey pollen,
and clothed with very short black pubescence, the hind border of
the third segment narrowly reddish towards the sides; genitalia
red, clothed with short black hair; venter grey, clothed with short
black hair. Coxe of the four anterior legs dark red, the fore tibiz
above near the base each with a small and short yellow stripe, the
tarsi slightly darkened; hind legs with brown cox, the femora
narrowly blackish towards the base, and beyond the blackish area
with a broad yellow ring, the apical third, the tibize, and the tarsi
red. Wings with the costal border as far as the third vein of a
yellowish- brown colour, becoming blackish at the tip; there is also
a brown-yellowish border along the fifth longitudinal vein, dilated
at the end and there extending over the apex of the second basal,
and over the base of discal and third posterior cells ; kink in third
vein flat and broad, without appendix ; subapical and postical cross-
veins placed almost in the same line, with short appendices.

Type 3,from Uganda Protectorate, Kafu River, between Hoima
and Kampola, 3h 500 ft., 29-31. xu. 1911 (S. A. Neave) ; an ad-
ditional specimen, between Jinja and Busia or M bwago’s, E. Busoga
(‘some forest”), 8,800-4,000 ft., 28. vii—l. vill. 1911 (same
collector ).

Named in honour of the collector, who has made so many im-
portant discoveries in the dipterous fauna of these Regions.

144. Cerioides speiseri, Herné-Bazin (1913).

A black species of very large size allied to C. brunnetpennis, Lw.,
but at once distinguished by the almost entirely black antenne and
legs.

To the present species is also allied C. congolensis, Bezzi, a short

142 SYRPHID&,

diagnosis of wich, based on a @ from the Congo, was given by me
in 1908. 'To separate C. congolensis from C. brunnetpennis is not
altogether easy, but the following are the distinctive characters :
(1) the black costal border of the wings does not extend beyond the
third longitudinal vein; (2) the face is of a pale yellow colour,
with two thin brown lines forming a median band, which is some-

what dilated towards the middle; (3) there is no A-shaped strip?
on the face. The antenne and legs, however, are reddish as in
brunneipennis, and the hind femora are also without the vellow
spot on the upper side. As Prof. Hervé-Bazin has only described
the male (from Katanga), I will give here some notes on the
female. :

Face very produced beneath; frons in front grey-dusted towar ls
the middle; antennal petiole blackish brown above and reddish
below; all three antennal joints of almost equal length; occipital
border at vertex very prominent, but narrow. Abdomen entirely
similar to that of the mile, with a very long stalk and the distal
portion expanded into an oval.

Type Q,a single specimen from Uganda Protectorate, Doro or
Durro Forest, Toro, 4,000 4,500 ft., 25-29. x. 1911 (S.A. Neav2).

Cerioides bezzii, Herrvé- Bazin (1913).

A small, short, very peculiar species, readily distinguishable owing
to its sessile antenne, to the singular venation and characteristic
pattern of the wings, and to the dacanel club being pear its
is very probable that the present species is the same as C. divvsa,
Walker.

A single female specimen from Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. 4.
Marshall) ); the type is from KE lisabethville, Katanga.

Var. marginalis, var. n.

2. Length of body 11 mm.

Coloration as in the preceding, but the yellow hind berders of
the abdominal segments are broader ; the hind femora have seare rely
any yellow at the base; the wings have the costal border entire ly
dark brown, from the base of the marginal cell to the apex of
the wing.

Type 2, a single specimen from Uganda Protectorate, Budongo
Forest, Unyoro, 3,400 ft., 11-15. xii. L911 (S.A. Neave).

In these two forms (bezz?¢ and marginatis) the vena spuria is thin,
but strongly chitinized and deep black ; the first abdominal segment
shows at the base, in front of the halteres, two distinct but short
spines, one on each side, which are less developed in the species of
the first group.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

abyssinica (Syritta), 106.

acantholepidis (Microdon), 121,

aculeipes (Syritta), 106.

adligatus (Syrphus), 32.

adligatus, var. melas (Syrphus), 33.

adligatus, var. tricolor (Syrphus),
32,

egyptium (Xanthogramma), 37.

znigma (Mallota), 99.

zsacus (Protylocera), 62,

africana (Asarcina ericetorum, va7.),
26.

africanus (Helophilus (Mesembrius)),
Tie

albifacies (Asarcina ericetorum, 1a7.),
26.

ammophilina (Cerioides), 140.

amoena (Asarcina), 27.

Amphoterus, 116.

analis (Eristalis), 80.

andersoni (Lathyrophthalmus euzo-
nus, vad7.), 82,

angustata (Asarcina), 22.

annulatum (Melanostoma annulipes,
war.), 21.

annulipes (Melanostoma), 21.

annulipes, var. annulatum (Melano-
stoma), 21,

annulipes, var, automenes (Melano-
stoma), 21.

annulipes, var. gymnocerum (Melano-

stoma), 21.
annulipes, var. mauritianum (Melano-
stoma), 21.

annulipes, var. pyrophenoides (Mela-
nostoma), 21.

apophysata (Protylocera), 64.

armipes (Eumerus), 113,

armipes (Syritta), 105.

Asarcina, 21.

aurea (Graptomyza), 59,

anrigera (Phytomia). 68,

austen (Syritta), 107.

automenes (Melanostoma annulipes,
war.), 21.
axinecerus (Eumerus), 115,

Baccha, 38,

bareclayi (Eristalodes), 89.

bezzii (Cerioides), 142.

bezzii, var, marginalis
142,

bitubereulatum (Melanostoma), 20.

borbonicus (Paragus), 12.

brachypterum (Xanthogramma), 37.

braueri (Syrphus), 38.

brevicornis (Microdon), 123,

brevis (Baccha), 38, 50.

brunneipennis (Cerioides), 141,

bulbus (Syritta), 106,

bullata (Phytomia (Megaspis)), 67.

bulligera (Phytomia (Megaspis)), 71.

(Cerioides),

cwrulea (Rhingia), 54,
cerulescens (Rhingia), 54.
cerulescens, var. fuseipes (Rhingia),
54,
ealopus (Xanthogramma), 38.
capensis (Helophilus (Mesembrius)),
56
capensis (Syrphus), 33,
Cerioides, 138.
Chasmomma, 102,
Chrysogaster, 15.
Chrysotoxum, 118.
cinctifacies (Syrphus), 34,
claripennis (Baccha), 38.
claripennis (Syrphus), 33.
cognatus (Syrphus), 33.
congolensis (Cerioides), 141.
conifrons (Baccha), 40.
continum (Chrysotoxum), 118,
corolle (Syrphus). 33.
crassipes (Simoides). 76.
cribratus (Amphoterus). 117,
curta (Phytomia). 73.

144

curtus (Eristalis), 73.
cyanipennis (Helophilus (Mesem-
brius)), 97.

dasyops (Eristalis), 93.

dentatum (Xanthogramma’, 38,
dentipes (Acrochordonode ), 35.
dibaphus (Protylocera), €2.
dibaphus (Xylota), 62.

dissimilis (Lathyrophthalmus), 87.
dolichocerus (Paragus), 14.

dulcis (Lathyrophthalmus), 87.

elliotii (Protylocera), 62.

ephippium (Phytomia), 75.

eremophila (Asarcina), 28.

ericetorum (Asarcina), 25.

ericetorum, var. africana (Asarcina),
26.

ericetorum, var. albifacies (Asarcina),
26.

ericetorum, var. gemmata (Asarcina),
26.

ericetorum, var. punctifrons (Asar-
cina), 26.

ericetorum, var.
2D, ls

ericetorum, rai. usambarensis (Asar-
cina), 26.

Eristalis, 92.

Eristalodes, 87.

ervatica (Megaspis), 73.

erratica (Phytomia (Megaspis’), 73.

erythrocephalus (Microdon), 130.

e1ythros (Microdon), 132.

Eumerus, 108.

euryptera (Baccha), 38.

euteniatus (Syrphus), 31.

euzonus (Lathyrophthalmus), 82.

euzonus, tar. anderseni (Lathyroph-
thalmus), 82.

extranea (Baccha), 47.

typica (Asarcina),

fasciata (Syritta), 106.

fez (Humerus), 115,

fez (Syrphus), 34.

felix (Xanthogramma), 37.

femoralis (Phytomia (Simoides),
villipes, vav.), 76.

femorata (Xylota), 103.

femoratum (Chasmomma), 103.

fiorli (Asarcina), 27.

flaveolus (Lathyrophthalmns). 85.

flavicornis (Baccha), 38, 48.

flariventris (Syritta), 105.

floripeta (Melanostoma). 20.

fronto (Phytomia (Hristalis). 74.

fronto, var. melas (Phytomia (Hrista-
lis)), 75.

fuecides (Phytomia), 74.

ALPITABETICAL INDEX,

fuscicornis (Hristalodes), 91.

fuscipes (Rhingia czerulescens, var.),
54,

fuscotibiale (Xanthogramma), 37.

gemmata (Asarcina ericetorum, var.),
26.

grahami (Baccha), 43.

Graptomyza, 55.

gymnocerum (Melanostoma annulipes,
var.), 21.

gymnops (Lathyrophthalmus), 81,

gypseisquama (Stenaspis), 62.

hemorrhoa (Protylocera), 62.
Helophilus, 94.

helva (Baccha), 44.
hirsuticeps (Asarcina), 28.
hirticeps (Syrphus), 33.
hopei (Cerioides), 140.

ichneumonea (Baccha). 41.

illucens (Microdon), 121.

incisa (Phytomia), 76.

incisus (Hristalis), 76.

inermis (Micredon), 127, 133.

inflaticornis (Syrphus), 21.

infuscatum (Melanostoma), 21.

ingratus (Helophilus (Mesembrius),
97.

intermedium (Chrysotoxum), 118.

intersectus (Syrphus), 33.

javanum (Xanthogramma), 38,
kroeberi (Phytomia), 69.

levigata (Chrysogaster (Orthoneura),

18,
lagopus (Helophilus (Mesembrius)),
95.

Lathyrophthalmus, 77.
Liogaster, 16.

longicorne Xanthogramma, 37.
longiventris (Paragus), 13.
lutea (Rhingia), 51.
luteiventris (Microdon), 132.

macrops (Hristalodes), 89.

maculata (Milesia), 93.

maculipennis (Humerus), 112.

Mallota, 98.

marginalis (Cerioides bezzii. var.). 142.

marginata (Eaccha), 47.

marshalli (Paragus), 13.

mauritianum (Melanostoma annulipes,
war.), 21.

melanocerus (Merodon), 101.

melanops (Lathyrophthalmns), 83,

Melanostema, 18.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

melanura (Graptomyza), 55.

melas (Phytomia (Eristalis) fronto,
var.), @o- ,

melas (Syrphus adligatus, var.), 35.

mellinum (Melanostoma), 18.

Merodon, 100.

MERODONTINS, 61.

meromacriformis (Hristalis), 95.

Mesembrius, 94.

metallina (Liogaster), 18.

Microdon, 119.

minor (Asarcina), 27.

minor (Helophilus (Mesembrius)), 96.

modestus (Lathyrophthalmus), 80.

morio (Helophilus (Mesembrius)), 98.

mydas (Microdon), 128.

myiatropinus (Lathyrophthalmus), 81.

nasicus (Merodon), 102.
natalense (Xanthogramma), 37.
natalensis (Phytomia (Hristalis)), 73,
neavei (Baccha), 46.

neavei (Cerioides), 140.

neavei (Phytomia), 70.

neavei (Ptilobactrum), 137.
nigra (Graptomyza), 60.
nigricornis (Syritta), 105.
nigrifemorata (Syritta), 107.
nigrita (Protylocera), 63.

obesus (Microdon). 124.
obliquus (Eumerus), 116.
Orthoneura, 15, 16.

pachymera (Mallota), 99.

pallidus (Microdon), 133.

Paragus, 11.

paule (Eumerus), 111.

pellucens (Rhingia), 52.

pentaspila (Graptomuza), 56, 57.

pfeifferi (Xanthogramma), 37.

Phytomia, 65.

picta (Baccha), 38, 42.

picta, var. superpicta (Baccha), 45.

pipiens (Syritta), 106.

planifacies (Merodon), 99.

plurivittatus (Hristalodes), 88.

peecilophthalma (Chrysogaster (Ortho-
neura), 15, 16.

peecilops (Chrysogaster (Orthoneura).
16.

preusta (Baccha), 49.

Prionotomyia, 97.

Protylocera,. 61.

Ptilobactrum, 156.

Ptilostylomyia, 55.

pubipennis (Phytomia), 71.

pulehra (Cerioides), 139.

punctifrons (Asareina ericetorum,
var.), 26.

145

punctulatus (Microdon), 125.

punctum (Baccht), 38, 48.

purpurea (Xylota), 62.

pycnosoma (Rhingia), 54.

pyrastri (Lasiopthicus), 31.

pyrophzenoides (Melanostoma annu-
lipes, var.), 21.

quadrimaculatus (Humerus), 115.

quadrituberculata (Sphaerophoria), 35.

quinquelineatus (Lathyrophthalmus),
84,

redivivus (Syrphus), 34.

Rhingia, 50.

rostrata (Asarcina), 28.
rotundicorne (Xanthogramma), 37.
rufonasuta (Eristalomyia), 62.
rugosus (Microdon), 126.

sapphirina (Baccha), 38, 48.

scaber (Eumernus), 114.

scalare (Melanostoma), 20.

schultzianus (Syrphus),. 54.

semiczrulea (Rhingia), 52.

senegalensis (Syrphus), 37.

serratus (Humerus), 111.

serratus (Paragus), 12.

seychellarum (Eristalodes), 91.

signatus (Paragus), 11, 56.

Simoides, 76.

speiseri (Cerioides), 141.

Spherophoria, 35.

spiloptera (Chrysogaster
neura)), 16.

spinigera (Syritta), 105.

sptiugerella (Syritta), 105.

stigmatica (Syritta), 106.

strigilatus (Helophilus (Mesembrius)),
96.

suavissima (Graptomyza), 55.

substitutus (Paragus tibialis, vur.),
15.

superpicta (Baecha picta, var.), 42.

Syritta, 104.

SYRPHIDA, 7.

SYRPHINA, 11.

Syrphus, 29.

(Ortho-

tabanoides (Lathyrophthalmus), 84.
tzniops (Eristalodes), 89, 90.
tenax (Eristalis), 74, 93.
testaceus (Microdon), 125.
tibialis, var. substitutus (Paragus),
sy

triangularis (Humerus), 115.
triangulifera (Graptomyza), 55, 56.
tricolor (Syrphus adligatus, var.), 32.
trisectus (Syrphus), 34.
trizonatus (Lathyrophthalmus). 84.

L

146 ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

trochanterica (Ischiodon), 37. villosus (Microdon), 134.

typica (Asarcina ericetorum, var.),25. — vitripennis (Syritta), 105.
wvittata (Baccha), 38.

usambarensis (Asareina ericetorum, vittigera (Graptomyza), 55.

wvar.), 26. VOLUCELLINA, 55.
varius (Microdon), 56. Xanthogramma, 36.
vicarians (Lathyrophthalmus), 86. xanthopoda (Graptomyza), 57.
villipes (Phytomia (Simoides)), 75. xanthopus (Lathyrophthalmus), 85.
villipes, var. femoralis (Phytomia xanthorrhoea (Protylocera), 62.
(Simoides), 76, XyYLOTIN#, 102.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET, E.C.

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