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North Central Forest Experiment Station
Resource Bulletin NC-73
Timber Resource of Wisconsin’s Northwest Survey Unit, 1983
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Information contained in this report includes the most commonly used Forest Inventory and Analysis statistics. However, additional forest resource data can be provided to interested users. Persons requesting additional information that can be provided from the raw inventory data are expected to pay for the retrieval costs. These costs will vary depending on the complexity of the request, from less than $100 for a relatively simple request to $2,000 for a complex retrieval involving services of a Forest Inventory and Analysis computer programmer. If requests for data conflict with ongoing Forest Inventory and Analysis work, they will be scheduled so as to minimize the impact on the work unit.
Requests for unpublished information may be directed to: Burton L. Essex Forest Inventory and Analysis Project North Central Forest Experiment Station 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 Phone: (612) 642-5282
Area served: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, Wisconsin.
North Central Forest Experiment Station Forest Service — U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 Manuscript approved for publication December 16, 1983 June 1984
FOREWORD
Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) is a continuing endeavor as man- dated by the Renewable Forest and Rangeland Resources Planning Act of 1974. Prior inventories were mandated by the McSweeney-MeNary Forest Research Act of 1928. The objective of FIA is to periodically inventory the Nation’s forest land to determine its extent, condition, and volume of timber, growth, and depletions. Up-to-date resource information is essential to frame intelligent forest policies and programs. USDA Forest Service regional experiment stations are responsible for conducting these inven- tories and publishing summary reports for individual States. The North Central Forest Experiment Station is responsible for forest resource evalu- ation in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, and Wisconsin.
Fieldwork for the Wisconsin Statewide forest inventory was begun in the summer of 1981 and completed in late 19838. Reports on the three previous Forest Service inventories of Wisconsin’s timber resource are dated 1936, 1956, and 1968.
Similar Resource Bulletins reporting statistical highlights and detailed tables on the other Units in Wisconsin will soon be available. In addition to these statistical reports, a series of analytical reports will also be published.
More accurate survey information was obtained during the 1983 survey than otherwise would have been feasible because of intensified field sampling. Such sampling was made possible by additional funding and field personnel provided the North Central Station by the Wisconsin State Legislature through the Department of Natural Resources. Data from the Departments’ canvass of all primary wood-using plants in the State was used to help estimate the quantity of timber products harvested in Wisconsin.
Aerial photos used in the Northwest Unit Forest Inventory were fur- nished by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the USDA Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, and the Chequamegon National Forest.
Page BU arb eats tite ceestan oe tegpsile ch owe vate coco nee RR SE Rei te AU RR a 1 ADPONGLX es ele ys Souths eae cca Meh RROD Mice seg Nea ROR IR RG URGE baa OS a 2 ACCUPACYHOL SUP VEY. Vy oats NM rg aca ete eee AS eis Se 2 SUPEVeysPROCEC URES iyi Con oil oe ai eke Mase a ee eee 2 Comparing Wisconsin’s fourth inventory withsthesthirdinventoryen i708. Pears ee et cary et ane 4 Teoperades aihhscnet Vatian iret Bayh s see) UNA O SNCON GMC an eu eg eee 5 Metric equivalents of units used in this report ...................5- 9 Tree species groups in Wisconsin’s Northwest Unit ................. 9 Definitiomohterms aces cree nck c ice Sintec eases eee oe 10 Wt) 0) (eS a WN a ies De CMO MI OT UMIE ENS Gira tare AN ST CEE AE a uo Reta 14
TIMBER RESOURCE OF WISCONSIN’S NORTHWEST SURVEY UNIT, 1983
W. Brad Smith, Vensurationist
HIGHLIGHTS Forest Area
Forest land accounted for 5.4 million acres (67 percent of the Unit’s land area) in 1983, this constitutes no change since 1968.
Commercial forest land occupied 5.1 million acres in 1983, and 5.2 million acres in 1968—a decline of less than 2 percent.
Productive-reserved forest land totaled 114,600 acres in 1983, compared to 5,500 acres in 1968. Major additions since 1968 include the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, St. Croix Wild and
Scenic Riverway, Flambeau River Wilderness.
area, and the Rainbow Lake Wilderness area. Bayfield County contained the largest area of commercial forest in 1983 (740,500 acres) and in 1968 (777,300 acres).
Farmers and miscellaneous private individuals con- tinued to hold 2.3 million acres (45 percent of the commercial forest) in 19838. A new definition of farm ownership shifted much of what was previous- ly farmer owned to the miscellaneous private category.
County and municipal agencies owned 1.1 million acres of commercial forest in 1983 (21 percent). The aspen and maple-birch forest types continue to dominate the commercial forest land base in 1983 comprising 59 percent of the commercial forest area.
Poletimber stands occupied 50 percent of the com- mercial forest in 1983 as compared to 54 percent in 1968.
Sawtimber stands, which increased by 510,900 acres between surveys, amounted to 22 percent of the commercial forest in 1983, compared to 12 percent in 1968.
Fifty-one percent of the commercial plantation area is in the red pine type (97,900) acres and 38 percent is in the jack pine type (72,500 acres). Nineteen percent of all commercial forest area has balsam fir as a prominent conifer in the understory.
Less than 4 percent of all forest land is unproductive or reserved.
Stands aged 80 years or more increased from 7 percent of the commercial forest area in 1968 to 10 percent in 1988.
The average site index for commercial forest land in the Unit is 64 feet.
Timber Volume
The volume of growing stock volume in 1983 was 5.3 billion cubie feet, 33 percent greater than the 3.9 billion in 1968.
Sawtimber volume amounted to 10.1 billion board feet in 1983, 68 percent greater than the 1968 volume.
The 4.0 billion cubic feet of hardwoods make up 75 percent of the growing-stock volume.
White spruce growing-stock volume increased 363 percent since 1968 and red pine growing-stock volume increased 224 percent. Ingrowth of planta- tions to merchantable size was the dominant factor in these dramatic increases.
The aspens (1.1 billion cubic feet), maples (1.0 billion), and oaks (0.5 billion) contain the highest volumes, and together account for nearly half of the growing-stock volume.
Average growing-stock volume per acre in 1983 was 1,032 cubic feet, compared to 743 cubic feet in 1968.
Forty-seven percent of the growing-stock volume is in stands aged 41 to 60 years.
Nearly three-quarters of the sawtimber volume is in trees with grade 3 butt logs. Tree diameter is generally the limiting criteria.
The volume in cull trees (rough, rotten, and short-
log cull) is 648 million cubic feet; salvable dead tree
volume is 280 million cubic feet.
Stand Conditions
Net annual growth on growing-stock trees was 179 million cubic feet in 1982.
e The net annual growth rate of growing stock was 3.4 percent of inventory in 1982.
e Net growth averaged 33.7 cubic feet per acre in 1982.
e Annual mortality of growing stock amounted to 49 million cubic feet (0.9 percent of inventory) in 1982.
e@ Disease accounted for 18 percent of the mortality in 1982; chiefly diseases of aspen and elm.
Timber Use
e Timber removals from growing stock in 1981 totaled nearly 96 million cubic feet (1.8 percent of inventory), compared to 78 million cubic feet (1.9 percent of inventory) in 1967.
e The aspens made up 46 percent of the 1981 removals volume, although they account for only 22
percent of the growing-stock volume.
© Output of roundwood products totaled 110 million
cubic feet in 1981; 62 percent was pulpwood, 17 percent was saw logs, and 17 percent was fuelwood.
e Wood residue from primary plants totaled 8.5
million cubic feet in 1981, 0.3 million of which were not used.
Biomass
e Highest yields of live tree biomass are in the white
pine (85 green tons per acre) and the maple-birch (84 tons) forest types.
e Live tree biomass (trees greater than 1-inch in
d.b.h.) totaled 332 million green tons (64 tons per acre) in 1983, nearly one half in the boles of growing-stock trees.
APPENDIX
ACCURACY OF SURVEY
Forest Inventory and Analysis information is based on a sampling procedure designed to provide reliable statistics at the State and Unit levels. Consequently, the reported figures are estimates only. A measure of reliability of these figures is given by sampling errors. These sampling errors mean that the chances are two out of three that if a 100-percent inventory had been taken, using the same methods, the results would have been within the limits indicated.
For example, the estimated growing-stock volume in the Northwest Unit in 1983, 5,311.4 million cubic feet, has a sampling error of + 1.49 percent (+ 79.1 million cubic feet). The growing-stock volume from a 100-percent inventory would be expected to fall be- tween 5,232.3 and 5,390.5 million cubic feet (5,311.4 + 79.1), there being a one in three chance that this is not the case.
Sampling errors were calculated separately for national forest land and other land because of the difference in the way the inventories were conducted. For example, the sampling error for growing-stock volume on land other than national forest is + 1.56 percent but for Chequamegon National Forest land it is + 4.39 percent. Different survey intensities resulted in different sampling errors.
The following tabulation shows the sampling errors for the 1983 Northwest Unit Forest Inventory:
Sampling Item Unit totals error Growing stock (Million cubic feet) (Percent) Volume 5,311.4 1.49 Growth 179.2 3.13 Removals 95.4 16.29 Sawtimber (Million board feet)’ Volume 10,057.4 2.44 Removals 249.6 19.95 Commercial forest (Thousand acres) land 5,150.8 0.49
As survey data are broken down into sections smaller than Survey Unit totals, the sampling error increases. For example, the sampling error for growing-stock volume in a particular county is higher than that for total growing-stock volume in the Unit (table 66 shows the sampling errors for estimates smaller than Unit totals).
SURVEY PROCEDURES
We used a two-phase sampling design for the 1983 Wisconsin survey. This sampling scheme and asso- ciated estimators are similar to sampling with partial replacement (SPR) in that a set of randomly located plots was available for remeasurement and a set of new randomly located plots were established and measured. Major enhancements in the new Wisconsin design were stratification for disturbance on the old
‘International ¥%-inch rule.
sample and use of a growth model to improve regres- sion estimates made on the old undisturbed forest plots. The growth model used was the Stand and Tree Evaluation and Modeling System (STEMS).°
The major steps in the new survey design were as follows:
1. The first phase of the design was aerial photo interpretation. In this phase two sets of random points were located on current aerial photographs. The first was a Set of new photo points and the second was a set of relocated old photo points (ground plot locations from the previous inventory). A total of 42,566 1-acre points, including old ground sample locations, were systematically distributed across aerial photos of the entire Unit, except the Chequamegon National Forest. These points were classified into land classes as shown below to make a preliminary estimate of forest area. Next, a total of 30,121 of these points were stereo- classified as to stand-size class and density. Finally, a total of 3,973 points were examined on the ground to correct the preliminary area estimate for errors in classification and for actual changes in land use since the photos were taken.
Photo points Inventory plots
Land class Classified Stereoclassified checked Forest land 28,710 28,710 2,583 Unproductive/
reserved
forest land 652 652 76 Nonforest land
with trees 759 759 55
without trees 10,775 0 1,118
water 1,670 0 141
Total 42,566 30,121 3,973
2. The second phase of the design is a ground sample. The plot selection and measurement pro- cedures of phase two of the new Wisconsin survey design are outlined in figure 1.
From the new photo points, a random sample of ground plots were established and measures of land use, volume, mortality and cutting were recorded. At each forest ground plot location, variable-radius plots (basal area factor 37.5) were established at 10 points
2For more information on STEMS, see: Belcher, D. L.; Holdaway, M. R.; Brand, G. J. A description of STEMS: The stand and tree evaluation and modeling system. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-79. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1981. 18 p.
New inventory plots
(selected from new photo grid) Undisturbed plots — remeasure plot and grow with STEMS (compare STEMS plot with remeasured plot to derive regression estimator to apply to undisturbed non- remeasurable plots)
Remeasurable plots
Integrated STEMS inventory design Disturbed plots —
Old inventory plots remeasure plot
(transferred from old photo grid)
Undisturbed plots —
grow with STEMS
(apply regression estimator
derived from undisturbed Non- remeasurable plots) remeasurable plots
Disturbed plots — establish new plot at old location
Figure 1.—Logic structure for the 1983 Wisconsin sample design.
uniformly placed over the sample acre. These locations were monumented for future remeasurement.
On the old inventory photo points (old plot locations) we used a somewhat different procedure. Old plots were either remeasurable (monumented) or nonre- measurable (not monumented and thus difficult to relocate in the field). Within both of these groups, old plots were additionally identified as undisturbed or disturbed. The remeasurable old inventory photo points which are classified as forest undisturbed were remeasured on the ground to obtain measurements of current land use, volume, growth and removals. Additionally, all forest undisturbed remeasurable plots were projected to the current time using STEMS, to provide estimates of current volume and growth. The comparison of the projected and observed values on these plots provided regression estimators to adjust the projected values of the undisturbed nonremeasur- able plots. All disturbed remeasurable plots were remeasured on the ground to assess changes since the last inventory. Disturbance as used here refers to any change on a plot that can be detected on aerial photos and which the STEMS growth processor cannot pre- dict, such as; catastrophic mortality, cutting, seedling stands, and land use change.
The nonremeasurable forest points are those that
_ were not monumented during the 1968 inventory but
played a crucial role in the new survey design. The nonremeasurable undisturbed forest points were visited on the ground at the time of the last survey and following careful examination of both past and current photographs it was determined that nothing happened that STEMS was unable to simulate. STEMS was
then used to update the old plot and tree data to produce an estimate of current data. Thus these points became ground plots even though the informa- tion was obtained without actually visiting the plot. The plot record for each updated plot was sent to the field for verification of current ownership information. For points classified as disturbed, a new ground plot was established as close to the old location as possible. This allowed information about land use trends to be recorded even though the old plot could not be exactly relocated for remeasurement.
The estimation procedure for computing statistics from this sampling design was more complicated than the simple two-phase estimation procedure used in the past. In fact, this procedure yielded two inde- pendent samples, one coming from the new photo points and the other from the old photo points that were remeasured or projected. A more detailed description of the sampling design is available in a separate publication.’
3. Under an agreement with the Forest Service’s Eastern Region 9, North Central crews remeasured 10-point variable radius plots on the Chequamegon National Forest at the same time they remeasured other plots in the Northwest Unit. The Chequamegon National Forest provided the Station with area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and density for the forest. The Station then computed volume, growth, and mortality statistics. Area and volume tables for the forest were approved by the Chequamegon National Forest staff before publication.
4. Statistics on timber utilization during 1981 were obtained from mill surveys. The Wisconsin Depart- ment of Natural Resources canvassed resident saw- mills, veneer mills, and other primary wood-using plants. The North Central Forest Experiment Station canvassed out-of-State sawmills, pulpmills, and veneer mills to determine their use of Wisconsin timber. Fuelwood and fence post output was based on a sample of public and private landowners to determine their production of fuelwood and fenceposts. Estimates of primary mill residue used for fuelwood were obtained from the canvass of Wisconsin primary wood-using plants. Timber cut for products by owner- ship class was determined by a canvass of public and industrial timber owners. The portion of timber cut unaccounted for by these owners was listed under “farmer and other owners”.
3For more information see: Hahn, J. T.; Hansen, M. H.; Fairweather, S. EB. A sampling procedure wncor- porating a growth simulator. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1984. (In prep.)
5. A total of 2,568 felled trees on 133 active logging operations were measured throughout the State during 1981-1982 to develop wood utilization factors for con- verting timber products output to timber removals for saw logs and pulpwood. Factors for all other products were obtained during the 1966-1967 Wiscon- sin utilization study.
6. Field data were sent to St. Paul, Minnesota, for processing and analysis.
COMPARING WISCONSIN’S FOURTH INVENTORY WITH THE THIRD INVENTORY
Data from new forest inventories are often compared with data from earlier inventories to determine trends in forest resources. However, changes in procedures and definitions between surveys often make it neces- sary to adjust earlier survey data so that they are comparable to data from the new survey. A consistency check will be made for each forest unit in Wisconsin to ensure that the changes observed between inventories reflect actual changes in the resource and not changes in definitions or procedures.
Identifying and Correcting Procedural Changes
Some procedural changes were made between the 1968 and 1983 inventories of northwest Wisconsin in the method of deriving annual mortality estimates and determining forest type.
Mortality figures for the 1968 inventory were based on field estimates from nonremeasurement plots. Information gathered on remeasurement plots during the current inventory was used to adjust the 1968 mortality figures. This adjustment also changed the estimate of net growth for the 1968 inventory. Addi- tionally, the old spruce-fir forest type was separated into two distinct types for the new inventory—white spruce and balsam fir. Comparisons with old data may be made by adding the two new types together.
Except for the net growth and mortality informa- tion, the old and new inventories of this region may be directly compared.
Checking for Consistency
A test was made to ensure that it was possible to move from the adjusted 1968 resource statistics to the 1983 values by means of Timber Resource Analysis System (TRAS), a USDA Forest Service computer program for updating, backdating, and projecting
timber volume, growth, mortality, and removals. Using the adjusted 1968 numbers of softwood and hardwood trees by 2-inch diameter class and applying 1983 cubic feet per tree estimates, volumes were generated for the 1968 inventory that are comparable with 1983 volumes. Then, using growth rates, mortality rates, and removals rates for the period between the two surveys, TRAS projected the inventory from 1968 to 1983. The program prints out volumes by diameter class for softwoods and hardwoods for selected years in the period. Thus, inconsistencies in volume, growth, mortality, and removals were identified and resolved.
TRAS generates an estimate of what total removals had to be in order for the inventory to have changed as it did between surveys, given the volume, growth, and mortality inputs. Estimates of removals for products and for logging residues, two of the three components of total timber removals, were available from an independent utilization study. An estimate of “other” removals (see Definition of Terms in Appendix), the third component of total removals, was made by
subtracting the first two removals components from |
the TRAS-generated total removals estimate. This estimate of “other” removals was compared with find- ings from remeasurement plots and new plots (stump counts and land use change) to check its validity.
When necessary, TRAS was rerun and adjusted until other removals were compatible with the estimate from field data. Total removals were “trend level removals” because the estimate of “other” removals was based on a removals trend line from 1968 to 1983.
LOG GRADE
In Wisconsin’s Northwest Unit the butt log of every sawtimber tree on every full permanent sample plot was graded for quality.
Butt logs were graded on the basis of external characteristics as indicators of quality. Hardwood species were graded according to Hardwood Log Grades for Standard Lumber.! The best 12-foot section of the lowest 16-foot hardwood log, or the best 12-foot upper section if the butt log did not meet minimum log-grade standards, was graded as follows:
4Vaughn, C. L.; Wollin, C. A.; McDonald, K. A.; Bulgrin, E. H. Hardwood log grades for standard lumber. Res. Pap. FPL-63. Madison, WI: U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory; 1966. 52 pp.
Forest Service standard grades for hardwood factory saw logs
Specifications
Log grade 2
Grading factors Log grade 1 Log grade 3
Butts and Butts and
Scaling diameter, inches 13-15! 16-19 20+ 11? 12+ 8+ Length without trim, feet 10+ 10+ 8-9 10-11 12+ 8+
Min. length, feet if 5 3 3 3 3 3 2 Required clear No cuttings? of each of Max. number 2 2 2 e é c 3 Limit three best faces Min. proportion of
log length
required in 5/6 5/6 5/6 2/3 3/4 2/3 2/3 1/2
clear cutting
For logs with less than one-fourth
of end in sound 15 percent 30 percent 35 percent Maximum defects sweep and crook : allowance For logs with more Seta eeuad 15 percent 20 percent 35 percent defects Maximum scaling deduction 40 percent? 50 percent® 50 percent
‘Ash and basswood butts can be 12 inches if they otherwise meet requirements for small #1’s. “Ten-inch logs of all species can be #2 if they otherwise meet requirements for small #1’s.
5A clear cutting is a portion of a face, extending the width of the face, that is free of defects.
4A face is one-fourth of the surface of the log as divided lengthwise.
Otherwise #1 logs with 41-60 percent deductions can be #2.
’Otherwise #2 logs with 51-60 percent deductions can be #3.
Forest Service standard specifications for hardwood construction logs (tie and timber logs)!
Butt and upper 8 inches +
8 feet
No requirements. One-fourth of the diameter at the small end for each 8 feet of length.
Position in tree Min. diameter, small end Min. length, without trim Clear cuttings
Sweep allowance, absolute
Single knots Any number, if no one knot has an average age diameter above the callus in excess of one-third of log diameter at point of occurrence. sound Whorled knots Any number if sum of knot diameters above the callus does not exceed one- aetacis third of log diameters at point of occurrence. Holes Any number provided none has a diameter over one-third of log diameter at point of occurrence, and none extends over 3 inches into included timber.’ Unsound surface defects Same requirements as for sound defects if they extend into included time.* No limit if they do not. Sound No requirements. End Unsound None allowed; log must be sound internally, but will admit one shake not to defects exceed one-fourth of the scaling diameter will admit a longitudinal split not
extending over 5 inches into the contained timber.
‘These specifications are minimum for the class. If, from a group of logs, factory logs are selected first, thus leaving only nonfactory logs from which to select construction logs, then the quality range of the construction logs so selected is limited, and the class may be considered a grade. If selection for construction logs is given first priority, then it may be necessary to subdivide the class into grades.
“Included timber is always square, and dimension is judged from small end.
Softwood species were graded according to the fol- lowing specifications:
Log Grades for Eastern White Pine
Total cull El : Sweep _ allowance Maximum Log _ Minimum size or crook including weevil Allowable knot size (inches)? on three best faces or grade Diameter Length’ allowance sweep injury minimum clearness of four faces Inches Feet —-------- Percent-------- Number Inches 1 12&13 8-16 20 50 0 Four faces clear full length 14+ 10-16 20 50 Two faces clear full length, or four faces clear 50 percent length (6 feet min. length)? 2 6+ 8-16 30 90 Sound knots |.e.* D/6 and less than 3 inches® Unsound knots: |.e. 1% inches and for: butt, lots l.e. D/ 12 upper logs |.e. D/10 or four faces clear 50 percent of length 3 6+ 8-16 40 50 aes a Sound knots |.e. D/3 and less than 5 inches. weevi 10-foot+ logs: Unsound knots |.e.D/6 and less than 2 weevil 2% inches. 4 6+ 8-16 50 50 No limit No limit
'Plus trim. “Disregard all knots less than 12-inch diameter in all grades.
5The sum of the diameter of sound knots plus twice the sum of the diameter of unsound knots (in inches) is less than or equal to 2 of the diameter of the log
(inches). ‘l.e. means less than or equal to. 5D means d.i.b. of log at location of knot.
LOG GRADES FOR JACK PINE AND RED PINE
Grade 1: logs with three or four clear faces.® Grade 2: logs with one or two clear faces.
Grade 3: logs with no clear faces.
After the tentative log grade is established, the log will be degraded one grade for each of the fol- lowing, except that no log can be degraded below grade 3. Net scale after deduction for defect must be at least 50 percent of the gross contents of the log.
1. Sweep. Degrade any tentative 1 or 2 log one grade if sweep amounts to 3 or more inches and equals
5A face is one-fourth of the circumference in width extending full length of the log. Clear faces are those free of: knots measuring more than 42-inch in di- ameter, overgrown knots of any size, holes more than 1/4-inch in diameter. Faces may be rotated to obtain the maximum number of clear ones.
or exceeds one-third the diameter inside bark at small end.
2. Heart rot. Degrade any tentative 1 or 2 log grade if conk, massed hyphae, or other evidence of advance heart rot is found anywhere in it.
LOG GRADES FOR ALL OTHER SOFTWOOD LOGS
Grade 1
1. Logs must be 16 inches in diameter or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with deduction for defect not over 30 percent of gross scale.
2. Logs must be at least 75 percent clear on each of three faces.
3. All knots outside clear cutting must be sound and not over 2-2 inches in size.
Grade 2
1. Logs must be 12 inches in diameter or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction
for defect of at least 50 percent of the gross con- tents of the log. 2. Logs must be at least 50 percent clear on each of
three faces or 75 percent clear on two faces. Grade 3
1. Logs must be 6 inches in diameter or larger, 8 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction for defect of at least 50 percent of the gross con- tents of the log.
Note: (A) Diameters are diameter inside bark (d.1.b.) at small end of log.
(B) Percent clear refers to percent clear in one continuous section.
METRIC EQUIVALENTS OF UNITS USED IN THIS REPORT
1 acre = 4,046.86 square meters or 0.405 hectare.
1,000 acres = 405 hectares.
1 cubic foot = 0.0283 cubic meter.
1 foot = 30.48 centimeters or 0.3048 meter.
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters, 2.54 centimeters, or 0.0254 meter.
1 pound = 0.454 kilogram.
1 ton = 0.907 metric ton.
TREE SPECIES GROUPS IN WISCONSIN’S NORTHWEST UNIT® SOFTWOODS
TACKS MIN wares tncrccatts Ake wionats Pinus banksiana VECO C witene Bea th dei ATS uci onecP Ss Pinus resinosa Eastern white pine ............... Pinus strobus IWMI GE YSTO VATE Lj fice s00 8 Sts ces lt fektesvesay’ Picea glauca BACKS OU jars 3 Ei Seach bevoy rope ich Picea mariana JSST SEN ony EN eS ye earn tage ey a Abies balsamea Eastern hemlock .............. Tsuga canadensis MaMa AC Kee sakoans hice ke hee cual nyt Oke Larix laricina Northern white-cedar ........ Thuja occidentalis Other softwoods
Eastern redcedar ....... Juniperus virginiana
INOEWAVaSDGU CC prs s(h46, focicbrsropehaty bese Picea abies
SCOUCHMPING tay ate kesas tectomsusin ac Pinus sylvestris
6The common and scientific names are based on: Inttle, Elbert L. Check list of native and naturalized trees of the United States. Agric. Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 1979. 375 p.
HARDWOODS
White oaks
WV Ee Oa Ke ree apie lous emery Quercus alba
Swamp white oak ............ Quercus bicolor
IBLUD ON se pn eit 3. eRe Quercus macrocarpa
Chinkapin Oak ........ Quercus muehlenbergri Select red oak
Northern red oak .............. Quercus rubra Other red oaks
Northern pin oak ........ Quercus ellipsoidalis
BlaCkioak ny ee ahs Po Nota, Quercus velutina Select hickory
Shagbark hickory .............. Carya ovata Other hickory
Bitternutjhickory~..)'.22%..% Carya cordiformis Wellowsbinchta eens See Betula alleghaniensis Hard maple
Sugargamaple ince sisesicseue dere 5 Acer saccharum
Blackimapleyi a) so ier sae Ou Acer nigrum Soft maples
Redimaplep ese? Soe ee lee | Acer rubrum
Silver'maples 3 Ueber eos Acer saccharinum Ashes
Wihite ashy ree oe Fraxinus americana
Blackyashtyd save ost Se ao Se Fraxinus nigra
Green-ash),,.. 5 hisjcn8 4 5 Fraxinus pennsylvanica Balsam:poplar -s)ivi0s.desc ss Populus balsamifera Eastern cottonwood ........... Populus deltoides SVCAMOGENS Saprooe te hese ce Platanus occidentalis Aspens
Bigtooth aspen ........ Populus grandidentata
Quaking aspen .......... Populus tremuloides American basswood ............ Tilia americana Beech rien eae ae Ame Fagus grandifolia Blackswalnut ee ok oe, Ue seen ee Juglans nigra Black’cherry poms oe cere ate Prunus serotina BSUCLSEMUIC eRe OE Re Juglans cinerea Elms
Mericam elite thet Ulmus americana
Sllipperyielm ee Ve eek se: Ulmus rubra
ROCK ELIMI aa anhiecanie et mere Ulmus thomas Hack PeEry terse veo cen: Celtis occidentalis Aer IRC Msy is Sane Manta ct. Betula papyrifera Blackewillowies ote wie sete sons Salix nigra Other hardwoods
Boxel demn ie wet Ae Ses ge ke Acer negundo
Black locust. see Robinia pseudoacacia
Honeylocust ........... Gladitsia triacanthos
RIVER IRC terre ti ek. eee Betula nigra
Recimulberny yee ee Morus rubra
ACK OUI octane ot cre ee ne Nyssa silvatica
Northern Catalina: eiis.0.0 s/s Catalpa speciosa Noncommercial species
Mountainpmaple) F550 ie Acer spicatum
Eastern hophornbeam ..... Ostrya virginiana
Peachleaf willow ......... Salix amygdaloides
American hornbeam ....Carpinus caroliniana Hawthorne. masters teeter Crataegus spp. Stripedhmaple 2272-eeen Acer pensylvanicum Mountainvash: «4.41.8 eee oe Sorbus spp. Pin Cherry) eee. cece nie Prunus pensylvanica Chokecherry oe 42. pee Prunus virginiana DEFINITION OF TERMS
Acceptable trees.—Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species that meet specified standards of size and quality but do not qualify as desirable trees.
Basal area.—The area in square feet of the cross section at breast height of a single tree. When the basal area of all trees in a stand are summed, the result is usually expressed as square feet of basal area per acre.
Biomass.—The above-ground volume of all live trees (including bark and foliage) reported in green tons. Biomass is made up of 5 components:
Growing-stock bole.—Biomass of a growing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump to a variable 4-inch top.
Growing-stock tops and limbs.—Biomass of a growing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump minus the growing-stock bole.
Cull bole.—Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-foot stump to a variable 4-inch top.
Cull tops and limbs.—Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-foot stump minus the cull bole.
1- to 5-inch trees.—Biomass of all live trees 1- to 5-inches in diameter at breast height.
Commercial forest land.—Forest land producing or capable of producingcrops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from timber utilization. (Note: Areas qualifying as commercial forest land are capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet per acre per year of annual growth under management. Currently inaccessible and inoperable areas are included, except when the areas involved are small and unlikely to become suitable for producing of industrial wood in the foreseeable future.) Also see definition of pastured commercial forest land.
Commercial species.—Tree species presently or prospectively suitable for industrial wood products. (Note: Excludes species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality such as hophornbeam and hawthorn.)
County and municipal land.—Land owned by counties and local public agencies or municipalities, or land leased to these governmental units for 50
_ years or more.
Cull.—Portions of a tree that are unusable for industrial wood products, because of rot, form, or other defect.
10
Desirable trees.—Growing-stock trees having no
serious defects in quality limiting present or prospective use, having relatively high vigor, and containing no pathogens that may kill or seriously deteriorate them before rotation age. These trees would be favored by forest managers in silvicultural operations.
Diameter classes.—A classification of trees based
on diameter outside bark, measured at breast height (4-% feet above the ground). (Note: d.b.h. is the common abbreviation for diameter at breast height. Two-inch diameter classes are commonly used in Forest Survey, with the even inch the approximate midpoint for a class. For example, the 6-inch class includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.)
Farm.—Either a place operated as a unit of 10 or
more acres from which the sale of agricultural products totals $50 or more annually, or a place operated as a unit of less than 10 acres from which the sale of agricultural products for a year amounts to at least $250. Places having less than the $50 or $250 minimum estimated sales in a given year are also counted as farms if they can normally be expected to produce goods in suf- ficient quantity to meet the requirements of the definition.
Farmer-owned land.—Land owned by farm oper-
ators. (Note: Excludes land leased by farm oper- ators from nonfarm owners, such as railroad companies and States.)
Forest land.—Land at least 16.7 percent stocked
by forest trees of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not currentlydeveloped for nonforestuse. (Note: Stocking is measured by comparison of basal area and/ornumber of trees, by age or size and spacing with specified stand- ards.) The minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, or other bodies of water or clearings in forest areas shall be classed as forest if less than 120 feet wide. Also see definitions for land area, commercial forest land, noncommercial forest land, produc- tive-reserved forest land, stocking, unproductive forest land, and water.
Forest industry land.—Land owned by companies
or individuals operating primary wood-using plants.
Forest trees.—Woody plants having a well-devel-
oped stem and usually more than 12 feet tall at maturity.
Forest type.—A classification of forest land based on the species forming a plurality of live tree stocking. Major forest types in the State are:
Jack pine.—Forests in which jack pine com- prises a plurality of the stocking. (Common as- sociates include eastern white pine, red pine, aspen, birch, and oak.)
Red pine.—Forests in which red pine com- prises a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include eastern white pine, jack pine, aspen, birch, and oak.)
White pine.—Forests in which eastern white pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. (Com- mon associates include red pine, aspen, birch, and maple.)
Balsam fir.—Forests in which balsam fir and white spruce comprise a plurality of stocking with balsam fir the most common. (Common associates include white spruce, aspen, maple, birch, northern white-cedar, and spruce.)
White spruce.—Forests in which white spruce and balsam fir comprise a plurality of the stock- ing with white spruce the most common. (Com- mon associates include balsam fir, aspen, maple, birch, and northern white-cedar.)
Black spruce.—Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stocking with black spruce the most common. (Common associates include tamarack, northern white- cedar, and balsam fir.)
Northern white-cedar.—Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stock- ing with northern white-cedar the most common. (Common associates include spruce and balsam fir.)
Tamarack.—Forests in which swamp conifers comprise a plurality of the stocking with tamarack the most common. (Common associates include black spruce, balsam fir, and aspen.)
Oak-hickory.—Forests in which northern red oak, white oak, bur oak, or hickories, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stock- ing. (Common associates include jack pine, aspen, birch, and maple.)
Elm-ash-soft maple.—Forests in which lowland elm, ash, cottonwood, and red maple, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include aspen, birch, and balsam fir.)
Maple-birch.—Forests in which sugar maple, basswood, yellow birch, elm, and red maple, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include white pine, elm, hemlock, and basswood.)
Aspen.—Forests in which quaking aspen or big- tooth aspen, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Common associates in- clude oak, pine, balsam fir, and paper birch.)
Paper birch.—F orests in which paper birch com- prises a plurality of the stocking. (Common asso- ciates include maple, aspen, and balsam fir.)
Exotic.—Forests in which species not native to the State comprise a plurality of the stocking. (Mostly Scotch pine plantations.)
Gross area.—The entire area of land and water as determined by the Bureau of the Census, 1970.
Growing-stock trees.—Live trees of commercial species qualifying as desirable and acceptable trees. (Note: Excludes rough, rotten, and dead trees.)
Growing-stock volume.—Net volume in cubic feet of growing-stock trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and over, from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4.0 inch top diameter outside bark of the central stem or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs. Cubic feet can be converted to standard cords by dividing by 79 cubic feet per solid wood cord. One standard cord is 128 cubic feet of stacked wood, including air and bark.
Hardwoods.—Dicotyledonous trees, usually broad- leaved and deciduous.
Idle farmland.—Includes former cropland, orchards, improved pastures, and farm sites not tended within the past 2 years and presently less than 16.7 percent stocked with trees.
Improved pasture.—Land currently improved for grazing by cultivating, seeding, irrigating, or clear- ing of trees or brush and less than 16.7 percent stocked with live trees.
Indian land.—Tribal land held in fee but admini- stered by the Federal Government.
Land area.—A. Bureau of the Census. The area of dry land and land temporarily or partly covered by water such as marshes, swamps, and river flood plains (omitting tidal flats below mean high tide); streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than one-eighth of a statute mile wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 40 acres in area.
B. Forest Inventory and Analysis. The same as the Bureau of the Census, except minimum width of streams, etc., is 120 feet and minimum size of lakes, ete., is 1 acre.
Live trees.—Growing-stock, rough, and rotten trees 1 inch d.b.h. and larger.
‘Log grades.—A classification of logs based on ex- ternal characteristics as indicators of quality or value. (See Appendix for specific grading factors used.)
Logging residues.—The unused growing stock por- tions of trees cut or killed by logging.
11
Maintained road.—Any road, hard-topped or other surfaces, that is plowed or graded at least once a year. Includes rights-of-way that are cut or treated to limit herbaceous growth.
Marsh.—Nonforest land that characteristically sup- ports low, generally herbaceous or shrubby vegeta- tion and that is intermittently covered with water.
Merchantable.—Refers to a pulpwood or saw log section that meets pulpwood or saw log specifica- tions, respectively.
Miscellaneous federal land.—Federal land other than National Forest, land administered by the Bureau of Land Management, and Indian land.
Miscellaneous private land.—Privately owned land other than forest-industry and farmer-owned land.
Mortality.—The volume of sound wood in growing- stock and sawtimber trees that die annually.
National Forest land.—Federal land that has been legally designated as National Forest or purchase units, and other land administered by the USDA Forest Service.
Net annual growth of growing-stock.—The annual change in volume of sound wood in live sawtimber and poletimber trees and the total volume of trees entering these classes through ingrowth, less volume losses resulting from natural causes.
Net annual growth of sawtimber.—The annual change in the volume of live sawtimber trees and the total volume of trees reaching sawtimber size, less volume losses resulting from natural causes.
Net volume.—Gross volume less deductions for rot, sweep, or other defect affecting use for timber products.
Noncommercial forest land.—(a) Unproductive forest land and (b) productive-reserved forest land.
Noncommercial species.—Tree species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality that normally do not develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products.
Nonforest land.—Land that has never supported forests, and land formerly forested where use for timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes areas used for crops, improved pasture, residential areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clear- ings, powerline clearings of any width, and 1- to 40-acre areas of water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 feet wide and more than 1 acre in area to qualify as nonforest land.)
a. Nonforest land without trees.—Nonforest land with no live trees present.
b. Nonforest land with trees.—Nonforest land with one or more trees per acre at least 5 inches d.b.h.
12
Nonstocked land.—Commercial forest land less than 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees.
Other removals.—Growing-stock trees removed but not utilized for products, or trees left standing but “removed” from the commercial forest land classifi- cation by land use change. Examples are removals from cultural operations such as timber stand improvement work, land clearing, and changes in land use.
Ownership.— Property owned by one owner, regard- less of the number of parcels in a specified area. Ownership size class.—The amount of commercial forest land owned by one owner, regardless of the
number of parcels.
Owner tenure.—The length of time a property has been held by the owner.
Physiographiec class.—A measure of soil and water conditions that affect tree growth on a site. The physiographic classes are:
Xeric sites.—Very dry soils where excessive drainage seriously limits both growth and species occurrence. Example: sandy jack pine plains.
Xeromesic sites.—Moderately dry soils where excessive drainage limits growth and species oc- currence to some extent. Example: dry oak ridge.
Mesic sites.—Deep, well-drained soils. Growth and species occurrence are limited only by climate.
Hydromesic sites.—Moderately wet soils where insufficient drainage or infrequent flooding limits growth and species occurrence to some extent. Example: better drained bottomland hardwood sites.
Hydric sites.—Very wet sites where excess water seriously limits both growth and species occur- rence. Example: frequently flooded river bottoms and spruce bogs.
Plant byproducts.—Plant residues used for products such as mulch, pulp chips, and fuelwood.
Plant residues.— Wood and bark materials generated at manufacturing plants during production of other products.
Poletimber stands.—(See stand-size class.)
Poletimber trees.—Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. but smaller than sawtimber size.
Productive-reserved forest land.—Forest land suf- ficiently productive to qualify as commercial forest land but withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, administration regulation, designation, or exclusive use for Christmas tree production, as indicated by annual shearing.
Productive-deferred.—Forest land sufficiently pro- ductive to qualify as commercial forest land but presently withdrawn from timber utilization be- cause it is being considered for possible inclusion into the Wilderness system.
Rotten trees.—Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one 12-foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, and/or do not meet regional specifications for freedom from defect primarily because of rot; that is, when more than 50 percent of extra cull volume in a tree is rotten.
Rough trees.—(a) Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one merchantable 12- foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, and/or do not meet regional specifi- cations for freedom from defect primarily because of roughness or poor form, and (b) all live trees of noncommercial species.
Roundwood products.—Logs, bolts, or other round sections (including chips from roundwood) cut from trees for industrial or consumer uses. (Note: In- cludes saw logs, veneer logs and bolts; cooperage logs and bolts; pulpwood; fuelwood; piling; poles; posts; hewn ties; mine timbers; and various other round, split, or hewn products.)
Salvable dead trees.—Standing or down dead trees considered merchantable by regional standards.
Saplings.—Live trees 1.0 to 5.0 inches d.b.h.
Sapling-seedling stands.—(See stand-size class.)
Saw log.—A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound and straight and with a minimum diameter outside bark (d.o.b.) for softwoods of 7 inches (9 inches for hardwoods) or other combina- tions of size and defect specified by regional standards.
Saw log portion.—That part of the bole of sawtimber trees between the stump and the saw log top.
Saw log top.—The point on the bole of sawtimber trees above which a saw log cannot be produced. The minimum saw log top is 7.0 inches d.o.b. for softwoods and 9.0 inches d.o.b. for hardwoods.
Sawtimber stands.—(See stand-size class.)
Sawtimber trees.—Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species containing at least a 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguous saw logs 8 feet or longer, and meeting regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwoods must be at least 9.0 inches d.b.h. Hardwoods must be at least 11.0 inches d.b.h.
Sawtimber volume.—Net volume of the saw log portion of live sawtimber in board feet, Internation- al 44-inch rule, from stump to a minimum 7 inches top diameter outside bark (d.o.b.) for softwoods and a minimum 9 inches top d.o.b. for hardwoods.
Seedlings.—Live trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h. that are expected to survive. Only softwood seedlings more than 6 inches tall and hardwood seedlings more than 1 foot tall are counted.
Short-log (rough tree).—Sawtimber-size trees of commercial species that contain at least one mer- chantable 8- to 11-foot saw log but not a 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguious saw logs &- to 11- feet long.
Shrub biomass.—The total above-ground weight (in- cluding the bark) of selected shrubs and trees less than 1 inch d.b.h.
Site class.—A classification of forest land in terms of inherent capacity te grow crops of industrial wood based on fully stocked natural stands.
Site index.—An expression of forest site quality based on the height of a free-growing dominant or codomi- nant tree of a representative species in the forest type at age 50.
Softwoods.—Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves.
Stand.—A growth of trees on a minimum of 1 acre of forest land that is stocked by forest trees of any size.
Stand-age class.—Age of the main stand. Main stand refers to trees of the dominant forest type and stand-size class.
Stand-area class.—The extent of a continuous forested area of the same forest type, stand-size class, and stand-density class.
Stand-size class.—A classification of forest land based on the size class of growing-stock trees on the area; that is, sawtimber, poletimber, or seedlings and saplings.
a. Sawtimber stands.—Stands at least 16.7 per- cent stocked with growing-stock trees, with half or more of total stocking in sawtimber or poletimber trees, and with sawtimber stocking at least equal to poletimber stocking.
b. Poletimber stands.—Stands at least 16.7 per- cent stocked with growing-stock trees of which half or more of this stocking is in poletimber and/or sawtimber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceeding that of sawtimber.
c. Sapling-seedling stands.—Stands at least 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees of which more than half of the stocking is saplings and/or seedlings.
d. Nonstocked stands.—Stands in which stocking of growing-stock trees is less than 16.7 percent.
State land.—Land either owned by States or leased to them for 50 years or more.
Stocking. —The degree of occupancy of land by trees, measured by basal area and/or the number of trees in a stand by size or age and spacing, compared to the basal area and/or number of trees required to fully utilize the growth potential of the land; that is, the stocking standard.
13
A stocking percent of 100 indicates full utiliza- tion of the site and is equivalent to 80 square feet of basal area per acre in trees 5 inches d.b.h. and larger. In a stand of trees less than 5 inches d.b.h., a stocking percent of 100 would indicate that the present number of trees is sufficient to produce 80 square feet of basal area per acre when the trees reach 5 inches d.b.h.
Stands are grouped into the following stocking classes:
Overstocked stands.—Stands in which stocking of trees is 134.0 percent or more.
Fully stocked stands.—Stands in which stocking of trees is from 101.0 to 133.9 percent.
Medium stocked stands.—Stands in which stock- ing of trees is from 61.0 to 100.9 percent.
Poorly stocked stands.—Stands in which stocking of trees is from 16.7 to 60.9 percent.
Nonstocked areas.—Commercial forest land on which stocking of trees is less than 16.7 percent.
Timber removals from growing stock.—The vol- ume of sound wood in growing-stock trees removed annually for forest products (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other removals.
Timber removals from sawtimber.—The net board- foot volume of live sawtimber trees removed for forest products annually (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other removals.
Timber products output.—All timber products cut from roundwood and byproducts of wood manufac- turing plants. Roundwood products include logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from growing- stock trees, cull trees, salvable dead trees, trees on nonforest land, noncommercial species, sapling- size trees, and limbwood. Byproducts from primary manufacturing plants include slabs, edging, trim- mings, miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer cores and clippings, and screenings of pulpmills that are used as pulpwood chips or other products.
Tree biomass.—The total aboveground weight (in- cluding the bark) of all trees from 1 to 5 inches in d.b.h., and the total aboveground weight (including the bark) from a 1-foot stump for trees more than 5 inches in diameter.
Tree size class.—A classification of trees based on diameter at breast height, including sawtimber trees, poletimber trees, saplings, and seedlings.
Unproductive forest land.—Forest land incapable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre of annual growth or of yielding crops of industrial wood under natural conditions because of adverse site conditions. (Note: Adverse conditions include shallow soil, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, and rockiness).
Upper stem portion.—That part of the bole of saw- timber trees above the saw log top to a minimum top diameter of 4.0 inches outside bark or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
Urban and other areas.—Areas within the legal boundaries of cities and towns; suburban areas developed for residential, industrial, or recreational purposes; schoolyards, cemeteries, roads; railroads; airports; beaches; powerlines; and other rights-of- way; or other nonforest land not included in any other specified land use class.
Water—(a) Bureau of the Census.—Permanent inland water surfaces, such as lakes, reservoirs, and ponds having at least 40 acres in area; and streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals at least one-eighth of a statute mile wide.
(b) Noncensus.—Permanent inland water sur- faces, such as lakes, reservoirs, and ponds from 1- 39.9 acres in area; and streams, sloughs estuaries, and canals from 120 feet to one-eighth of a statute mile wide.
Wooded pasture.—Improved pasture with more than 16.7 percent stocking in live trees but less than 25 percent stocking in growing-stock trees. Area is currently improved for grazing or there is other evidence of grazing.
Wooded strip.—An acre or more of natural continu- ous forest land that would otherwise meet survey standards for commercial forest land except that it is less than 120 feet wide.
TABLES
AREA
Table 1.—Area of land by land class, 1968 and 1983
Table 2.—Area of land by land use class and county
Table 3.—Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and county
14
Table 4.—Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and site class
Table 5.—Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and stand-volume class
Table 6.—Area of privately owned commercial forest land by ownership class, owner tenure, and size of holding
Table 7.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and ownership class Table 8.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type and county Table 9.—Area of commercial forest land by county and stand-size class Table 10.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class Table 11.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class Table 12.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type and site-index class Table 18.—Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class Table 14.—Area of commercial forest land by stock- ing class of growing-stock trees and stand- size class Table 15.—Area of commercial forest land in plan- tations by forest type and stand-age class Table 16.—Area of commercial forest land with conifer understory by forest type and conifer understory species Table 17.—Area of noncommercial forest land by ownership class Table 18.—Area of noncommercial forest land by forest type
NUMBER OF TREES
Table 19.—Number of all live trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 20.—Number of growing-stock trees on com- mercial forest land by species group and diameter class
VOLUME
Table 21.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group
Table 22.—Net volume of all live trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 23.—Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and soft- woods and hardwoods
Table 24.—Net volume of growing stock, sawtimber, short-log, and rough and rotten trees on commercial forest land by individual species
Table 25.—Net volume of noncommercial species on commercial forest land by individual species
Table 26.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group and county
Table 27.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 28.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 29.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 30.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 31.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 32.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group and ownership class
Table 33.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and owner- ship class
Table 34.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 35.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 36.—Net volume of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by forest type, stand- size class, and basal-area class
Table 37.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 38.—Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and butt log grade
Table 39.—Net volume of short-log trees on com- mercial forest land by species group and diameter class (cubic feet)
Table 40.—Net volume of short-log trees on com- mercial forest land by species group and diameter class (board feet)
GROWTH AND REMOVALS
Table 41.—Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods
Table 42.—Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 43.—Net annual growth of sawtimber on com-
mercial forest land by species group and county
Table 44.—Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods
15
Table 45.—Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and type
Table 46.—Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and type
Table 47.—Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 48.—Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by forest type, stand- size class, and basal-area class
Table 49.—Current annual growing-stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 50.—Current annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 51.—Average annual growing-stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 52.—Average annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group and county
Table 53.—Current annual growing-stock and saw- timber removals on commercial forest land by species group
Table 54.—Current annual growing-stock and saw- timber removals on commercial forest land by item and species category
MORTALITY
Table 55.—Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, 1967 and 1982
Table 56.—Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and cause
16
Table 57.—Annual mortality of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and cause
Table 58.—Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by county and softwoods and hardwoods
Table 59.—Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hard- woods
TIMBER PRODUCTS OUTPUT
Table 60.—Output of timber products by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and source of material
Table 61.—Output of roundwood products by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and source of material
Table 62.—Timber products from roundwood by species group and product
Table 63.—Volume of primary plant residue by use and type of residue
BIOMASS
Table 64.—All live tree biomass on commercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 65.—All live tree biomass by species group and tree biomass component
SAMPLING ERRORS
Table 66.—Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the Unit totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land
Table 67.—Sampling errors for county totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, re- movals, and area of commercial forest land.
Table 1.--Area of land by land class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1968 and 1983
(In thousand acres)
Land class Forest land Commercial forest land
Jack pine Red pine White pine Balsam fir White spruce Black spruce Northern white-cedar Tamarack Oak-hickory Elm-ash-soft maple Maple-birch Aspen Paper birch Nonstocked
Subtotal
Noncommercial forest land Unproductive u Productive-reserved
Subtotal Total
Nonforest land Cropland Pasture and range Other -
Total Total land
Water (Bureau of the Census) Total land and water
1/
—U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1960.
2/
— U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1980.
1968 1983 319.4 247.8 91.8 132.6 45.7 36.5 260.4 219.6 38.1 31.9 94.8 111.2 74.0 107.8 101.5 Ma !s 443.5 415.6 419.7 414.9 1,380.5 1,478.7 1604.4 1508.3 240.3 268.8 132.3 6556 5246.4 5,150.8 178.9 165.8 Bhs 114.6 184.4 280.4 5 430.8 5,431.2 1,043.0 1,275.2 243.2 345 4 1,220.5 e766 2,506.7 2,497.1 7,937.5 7,928.3 282.02/ 291.02/ 8,219.52/ 8,219. 3¢/
17
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18
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(panutqzuod 2 a qe,)
19
Table 3.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
an a i act ee Ownership class counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron National Forest 693.5 143.3 -- 238.7 -- on ae Miscellaneous federal Tiss -- ox ae 5.6 ae ae State 176.8 10.0 6.9 8.8 26.5 32.4 19.2 County and municipal 1,109.8 40.6 16.1 160.6 100.2 253.8 141.7 Indian 94.6 38.5 -- Use -- -- 10.5 Forest industry 529.2 42.3 -- 89.2 7.6 99.4 80.7 Farmer 450.2 26.5 5 ore 41.3 45.3 30.5 10.5 Misc. private-corporation 224.0 46.7 6.9 17.8 5.6 28.5 24.5 Misc. private-individual 1,865.4 155.9 73.6 176.9 126.3 183.3 90.8 All owners 5,150.8 503.8 158.7 740.5 Se 627.9 377.9 (Table 3 continued) (Table 3 continued) ar County Ownership class Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn National Forest -- 105.2 -- 99.0 107.3 -- Miscellaneous federal -- -- -- ibe 2 -- -- State 5.7 17.9 6.0 33.0 53 Bel County and municipal 24.4 64.4 79.6 100.5 8.9 119.0 Indian -- -- -- 38.4 -- -- Forest industry -- 39.3 51.6 98.2 9.0 NGS) Farmer 66.7 15.9 83.0 7.0 39.4 28.9 Misc. private-corporation 14.7 21.5 3.9 28.2 3.6 22.1 Misc. private-individual 109.3 286.6 139.0 201.7 180.9 141.1 All owners 220.8 550.8 363.1 607.7 354.4 328.1
20
Table 4.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and site class,
All Site class (cubic feet of growth per acre per year) classes 225+ 165-224 120-164 85-119 50-84 20-49
Ownership class
National Forest
Miscellaneous federal
State
County and municipal
Indian
Forest industry
Farmer
Misc. private-corporation
Misc. private-individual All owners
Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
693.5 4s eu 17.9 211.9 335.3 128.4 7.3 ae 2a = 3.5 : 3.8 176.8 ae ci 5.6 43.6 63.1 64.5 1,109.8 ue £ 20.9 227.0 502.3 359.6 94.6 ae =e 327 29.5 52.4 9.0 529.2 53 x 3.6 91.8 199.6 234.2 450.2 me as 20.9 113.5 209.1 101.7 224.0 4 & 5.6 52.9 93.2 72.3 1,865.4 a 2. 42.8 430.4 832.8 559.4 5,150.8 =e ce 12110) S209) 2,207.8. Nn3209
Table 5.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and stand-volume class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
Stand-volume class (board feet’)
All Less than 1,500 to
Ownership class classes 1,500 5 ,000 5 ,000+ National Forest 693.5 287.6 320.4 85.5 Miscellaneous federal 7.3 5.4 1.9 -- State 176.8 85.3 76.0 Noyes) County and municipal 1,109.8 545.2 451.9 112.7 Indian 94 .6 28.8 33'.-3 32.5 Forest industry 529.2 285.5 189.0 54.7 Farmer 450.2 234.0 170.2 46.0 Misc. private-corporation 224.0 94.5 90.3 39.2 Misc. private-individual 1,865.4 951.2 713.8 200.4
All owners 5,150.8 2 SUES 2,046.8 586.5
1/tnternational Ya-inch rule.
21
22
Table 6.--Area of privately owned commercial forest land by ownership class, owner tenure,
Ownership class
and owner tenure class
Forest industry 1-4 years 5-9 years
10-19 years 20+ years All classes
Farmer 1-4 years 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years All classes Misc. priv.-corporation 1-4 years 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years All classes Misc. priv.-individual 1-4 years 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years All classes
All private owners 1-4 years 5-9 years 10-19 years 20+ years
All classes
and size of holding, Nortnwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
All sizes
Silke 60. 187. 244.
529.
MIP OoOwWns
89. 82. 149. 128.
450.
MIO A -
47. 25. 48. 103.
224.
Olwnr -
544, 409. 502. 409.
1,865.
PIN Pp LP
718. 51s 886. 886.
3,068.
worm N™wNP
ra Ww orwo
33.
ro NOr wo
36.
(In thousand acres)
21.7 18.4 M7501 ies
74.5
11-20
24.9 22.0 18.9 L5p3
81.1
36.6 29.4 26.5 28.9
121.4
101- 21-50 51-100 500 = 3.5 1.9
= = 2.0
2 - 2.0
= 3.5 5.9 23.6 19.2 25.6 16.2 17.0 30.6 RYish 3107 63.5 23.8 31.8 44.3 100.7 99.7 164.0 1.8 5.9 13.5 1.8 1.8 les 5.7 7.6 13.0 5.5 8.0 25.0 14.8 2303 58.6 Ile 3s | 163L8t5. 153-6 140) dng. 101,9)-8 11508 T51p 1g lis 7 Ones 17955 11033)" TilOe 140.0 582.8 479.7 588.9 206.7 182.4 194.6 P5eal0 7) 120870 5565 193%9; 9 15243) 72580 139.6 150.8 209.3 698.3 606.2 817.4
Size of holding (acres)
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24
Table 8.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
an aa a county Forest type counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Jack pine 247.8 0.7 203 58.1 54.6 74.2 -- Red pine 132.6 9.5 -- 54.4 10.0 Wee? NS) White pine 3615 2.0 -- 10.9 19 1.9 -- Balsam fir 219.6 52.0 -- 20.8 -- 44.0 Sb tal White spruce 31.9 14.7 -- -- -- -- Drei Black spruce Pie 13.9 23 Vell 3.8 iby Asal 12.4 Northern white-cedar 107.8 QLreih, -- 5.4 -- Bra 3873 Tamarack 111.5 13.4 ee) 6.2 5 acl 9.5 3/6 Oak-hickory 415.6 2.0 46.0 66.8 79.0 59.4 5.2 Elm-ash-soft maple 414.9 26.9 9.2 33.6 29.2 57.2 27.9 Maple-birch 1,478.7 187.8 34.5 167.3 21.6 74.3 159.3 Aspen 1,508.3 138.1 46.0 253.7 90.4 208.4 71.8 Paper birch 268.8 20.1 13.8 54.4 13.3 49.6 hes) Exotic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Nonstocked 65.6 -- 2.3 1.8 136 9.4 -- All types 5,150.8 503.8 158.7 740.5 S11 627.9 377.9 (Table 8 continued) (Table 8 continued) County Forest type Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Jack pine 13.2 Ce -- Ay -- 40.8 Red pine -- 12.0 39 13.4 1.8 Ball White pine -- - 6.0 12.1 -- ESTA Balsam fir -- 41.8 2.0 15.4 8.5 -- White spruce -- Sil -- 8.8 3.6 -- Black spruce -- 14.6 10.0 20.4 6.2 3.4 Northern white-cedar -- 17.4 2.0 9.4 3315 3.4 Tamarack 5.4 28.5 2.0 10.2 14.5 10.2 Oak-hickory 66.9 -- 18.0 26.4 -- 45.9 Elm-ash-soft maple 14.9 60.5 43.8 45.4 42.5 23.8 Maple-birch 59.2 174.4 132.9 249.1 163.9 54.4 Aspen 53.9 166.2 120.7 151.6 83.4 124.1 Paper birch 7.3 17.6 17.8 28.3 15.7 13.6 Exotic -- -- -- -- == — Nonstocked -- 1225 4.0 1555 10.8 a7 All types 220.8 550.8 363.1 607.7 354.4 328" Table 9.--Area of commercial forest land by county and stand-size class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983 (In thousand acres) Stand-size class All Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling and Nonstocked County stands stands stands seedling stands areas Ashland 503.8 135.9 263.6 104.3 -- Barron 158.7 575 64.4 34.5 23 Bayfield 740.5 144.0 407.2 187.5 1.8 Burnett Sle esil 74.5 13353 101.7 TEA) Douglas 627.9 106.5 = 30) 57 210.3 9.4 Iron 377.9 108.5 192.0 77.4 -- Polk 220.8 64.7 98.4 57.7 -- Price 550.8 97.9 256.6 183.8 12.5 Rusk 363.1 103.0 192.4 63.7 4.0 Sawyer 607.7 162.1 312.9 782 15.5 Taylor 354.4 52.0 179.4 112.2 10.8 Washburn 328.1 45.9 183.6 96.9 Tied: All counties 5,150.8 1152.25 2,585.5 1,347.2 65.6
25
26
Table 10.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
Forest type and All Site class (cubic feet of growth per acre per year) stand-size class classes 225+ 165-224 120-164 85-119 50-84 20-49 Jack pine Sawtimber 36.4 -- -- -- 7.0 16.6 12.8 Poletimber 142.0 -- -- -- 5.7 15:62 61.1 Sapling & seedling 69.4 -- -- 1.9 3.6 29.3 34.6 All stands 247 .8 -- -- 1.9 16.3 LAI 108.5 Red pine Sawtimber 5353 -- -- 8.4 37.5 Tat! -- Poletimber 28.9 -- -- 3.5 23.6 1.8 -- Sapling & seedling 50.4 -- -- 1.9 hed 29.4 8.0 All stands 132.6 -- -- 13.8 ewe 38.6 8.0 White pine Sawtimber 30.8 -- -- 3.4 9.1 16.6 Ise Poletimber SyAy/ -- -- -- -- Sia7/ 2.0 Sapling & seedling -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All stands 36.5 -- -- 3.4 9.1 20.3 Sie Balsam fir Sawtimber 79.7 -- -- 38.6 19.8 14.3 7.0 Poletimber 92.7 -- -- 19.0 42.3 22i 9.3 Sapling & seedling 47.2 -- -- 15.8 11.2 12.9 Uice All stands 219.6 -- -- 73.4 1363 49.3 23.6 White spruce Sawtimber 137 -- -- -- 137. -- -- Poletimber 12:5 -- -- -- 8.7 3.8 -- Sapling & seedling Syl, -- -- -- 2.0 2.0 ay All stands 31.9 -- -- -- 24.4 5.8 L/, Black spruce Sawtimber 1.8 -- -- -- -- 1.8 -- Poletimber 27.8 -- -- -- 305 -- 24.3 Sapling & seedling 81.6 -- -- -- Wes 2.9 78.3 All stands ae -- -- -- 4.8 3.8 102.6 Northern white-cedar Sawtimber 44.7 -- -- -- -- 15.8 28.9 Poletimber 55.4 -- -- -- -- 10.8 44.6 Sapling & seedling Yeu -- -- -- -- -- oul All stands 107.8 -- -- -- -- 26.6 81.2
(Table 10 continued on next page)
(Table 10 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Nonstocked All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands
Site class (cubic feet of growth per acre per year) ‘
Al] classes 225+ 165-224 120-164 85-119 50-84 20-45 9.3 a a ee 1.9 3.6 3.8 40.5 BS a _ leg, 16.9 21.9 61.7 ae = = in 18.5 41.5 111.5 z = zs 5.3 39.0 67.2 120.1 =e = = 14.0 79.2 26.9 178.2 =» a = 30.2 117.3 30.7 1783 = as ns 10.2 55.3 51.8 415.6 us ee BF 54.4 251.8 109.4 107.9 ee a is 5.8 15.8 86.3 215.4 a ne Be 13.9 50.7 150.8 91.6 = a Le 1.8 9.6 80.2 414.9 Be ae 2 21.5 76.1 317.3 451.6 <2 au is 78.3 237.0 136.3 816.5 a zs 1.8 127.6 453.2 233.9 210.6 Ze ae a 20.5 113.0 Tia 1,478.7 Ee us 1.8 226.4 803.2 447.3 176.7 a ae 7.2 78.6 85.6 5.3 771.1 ae ae 17 371.1 357.2 Si 560.5 == a 5.9 218.4 254.5 81.7 1,508.3 tes aS 24.8 668.1 697.3 118.1 26.5 a2 on ee 1.8 8.2 16.5 198.8 es = 1.9 22.4 99.3 75.2 43.5 eS oe se 3.7 16.2 23.6 268.8 ae ae 1.9 27.9 1239.7 115.3 65.6 Zs ee ee 5.4 31.2 29.0 1,152.5 =i ae 57.6 267.5 501.9 325.5 2,585.5 a ee 37.9 650.7 1,212.0 684.9 1,347.2 ee =e 25.5 285.5 542.7 493.5 65.6 = i 5.4 31.2 29.0 5,150.8 ce aa MON P1209. 1. 112128728) al ,53209
27
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Table 17.--Area of noncommercial forest land by ownership class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
All Productive- Unproductive Ownership class areas reserved areas areas National Forest 86.7 24, 12/ 62.6 Miscellaneous federal 45.0 45.0 -- State 58.0 39.8 18.2 County and municipal 24.9 5./ 19.2 Indian Cries -- Zee Forest industry 5.3 -- 5.3 Farmer 39.3 -- 39.3 Misc. private-corp. 1.8 -- 1.8 Misc. private-indiv. Wieie -- Tied Total 280.4 114.6 165.8
{includes 17.0 thousand acres of productive-deferred areas.
Table 18.--Area of noncommercial forest land by forest type, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand acres)
All Productive- i/ Unproductive Forest type areas reserved areas~ areas Jack pine 2.6 2.6 -- Red pine -- -- -- White pine -- -- -- Balsam fir 7.8 0.9 6.9 White spruce -- -- -- Black spruce 1132/2 6.9 106.3 Northern white-cedar 4.5 Ou, 3.8 Tamarack 10.0 -- 10.0 Oak-hickory 7.1 Beal 2.0 Elm-ash-soft maple 50.9 16.0 34.9 Maple-birch 42.6 42.6 -- Aspen 38.6 38.6 -- Paper birch 1.2 Wee -- Exotic -- -- -- Nonstocked 1.9 -- 1.9 All types 280.4 114.6 165.8
Ytncludes 17.0 thousand acres of productive-deferred areas.
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35
Table 21.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1968 and 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
Species group 1968 1983 Softwoods Jack pine 188 ,200 237 ,849 Red pine 80-,000 179,071 White pine 107 , 300 154 ,382 White spruce 33,400 121,342 Black spruce 27,900 41,303 Balsam fir 223,600 299 183 Hemlock 77,900 66 , 348 Tamarack 63,900 59 ,582 Northern white-cedar 108 ,900 124,494 Other softwoods -- 325 Total 911,100 1,283 ,879 Hardwoods White oak 51,500 73,731 Select red oak 227,500 392,975 Other red oak 39,100 41,248 Hickory 2,500 9,803 Basswood 241,300 334 ,289 Beech -- -- Yellow birch 94 ,800 85,401 Hard maple 376,700 553,791 Soft maple 241,000 468 ,019 Elm 164,200 141 ,996 Ash 220,500 310,079 Cottonwood 100 -- Willow -- 163 Balsam poplar 6,400 8,547 Bigtooth aspen 198 ,900 272,055 Quaking aspen 780 ,600 872,273 Paper birch 326 ,800 438 , 362 Black cherry 11,700 19,820 Black walnut -- -- Butternut 3,100 4,841 Other hardwoods 300 118 Total 2,987 ,000 4,027,511
All_ species 3,898 ,100 5,311,390
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37
38
Table 23.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
Total growing stock 5,311,390
Softwoods
578 ,631
529 ,409 175 ,839
705 ,248 1,283 ,879
24 ,036 33 ,622
Hardwoods
2,696 ,580
826 ,238 504 ,693
133059311 4,027,511
313,208 184 ,461
Subtotal 555 ,327
57,658 14,091
497 ,669 78,579
Total cull 647 ,997
All Class of timber species Live trees Growing-stock trees Poletimber 32753200 Sawtimber Saw log portion 1,355 ,647 Upper stem portion 680 ,532 Subtotal 2,036,179 Cull trees Rough and rotten cull trees Poletimber 337 ,244 Sawtimber 218,083 Short-log trees 92,670 All live trees 5 959,387 Salvable dead trees Growing-stock trees 275 ,356 Cull trees 4,563 All salvable dead trees 279,919 All classes 6,239, 306
71,749 1,355 ,628 49 ,733
Ls Mi2 50,905 1,406 ,533
576,248 4,603,759
225 623 3539
229 ,014 4 ,832 ,773
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Table 25.--Net volume of noncommercial species on commercial forest land by individual species, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
Species Cull volume American hornbeam 223 Eastern hophornbeam 14,039 Chokecherry 231 Mountain ash 504
All species 14,997
Table 26.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Jack pine 237 ,849 1,100 456 67 ,583 56 ,886 62 ,569 -- Red pine 179,071 17 ,833 257 53,262 14,505 12,871 6,102 White pine 154 ,382 23)513 2,628 37 ,796 6,784 7,465 7,866 White spruce 121,342 41 ,820 -- 11,297 -- 12,831 12,126 Black spruce 41,303 6,961 579 1,011 357 8,250 7,746 Balsam fir 299 ,183 63,547 -- 34,691 -- 60,080 57,619 Hemlock 66 , 348 12,573 -- ely) -- 1,220 17,168 Tamarack 59 ,582 3,673 415 5,497 1,306 7,879 3,006 Northern white-cedar 124 ,494 38,217 -- 13,299 -- 9,479 31,936 Other softwoods 325 -- -- -- -- -- 70 Total 1,283 ,879 209 ,237 4,335 231,593 79 ,838 182,644 143,639 Hardwoods White oak (33731 141 17 ot52 637 10 ,839 1,240 -- Select red oak 392 ,975 6,794 28 ,970 107,971 33,600 20 ,538 7,631 Other red oak 41,248 -- E32 2,877 15,756 2,054 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 9,803 -- 758 -- 542 -- -- Basswood 334 ,289 39 ,820 7,701 26 ,580 5,821 158337 29 ,609 Beech -- == == -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 85,401 aera ib 81 5,827 135 5,200 17,739 Hard maple 553,791 124,845 4,502 72,378 4,106 27 ,163 80,295 Soft maple 468 ,019 55,722 7,540 53,614 11,300 36 532 33,959 Elm 141 ,996 20,076 6,425 10,954 OTT. 8,107 15,159 Black ash 226 ,230 24 ,910 3,391 17,401 10,717 40,194 13,714 White & green ash 83,849 6,408 6,260 4,983 IAT) 2,293 3,950 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 163 -- -- -- 163 -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 8,547 -- -- 2.22 -- 5,193 957 Bigtooth aspen 272,055 14,604 14,454 72,999 26,716 11,830 9,053 Quaking aspen 872,273 93,501 27,989 151,387 49 ,312 109,617 55),132 Paper birch 438 ,362 35 944 12,523 94 ,786 19,277 77,957 29 ,867 Black cherry 19,820 3,912 619 -- 1,708 -- 3,099 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 4,841 -- 232 -- 394 -- -- Other hardwoods 118 -- -- -- -- 118 -- Total 4,027,511 441,788 139,909 624 ,666 198 ,738 363,373 300,164 All species 5,311,390 651,025 144,244 856,259 278 ,576 546,017 443,803
(Table 26 continued on next page)
(Table 26 continued)
County Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 6 436 2,898 -- 2,989 -- 36 ,932 Red pine 232 28 , 406 4,262 28 ,666 2,634 10,041 White pine 3,012 5,659 10 ,684 35 563 5,754 7,658 White spruce 430 12,444 1,148 18,120 10,907 219 Black spruce 262 5,797 2,792 4,112 3,226 210 Balsam fir -- 38 ,493 8,064 21,339 12,072 3,278 Hemlock -- 9,115 1,034 9,589 8,492 -- Tamarack 2,292 14,788 3,233 5,804 7,264 4,425 Northern white-cedar -- 14,597 778 10,505 1,965 3,718 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- 255 Total 12,664 132,197 31,995 136,687 52,314 66,736 Hardwoods White oak 19,496 469 5,050 6,909 416 11,382 Select red oak 42,055 11,081 30 , 380 53,396 15,272 35 ,287 Other red oak 10,756 -- 1,008 806 -- 6,679 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 1,358 -- 2,975 1,787 2,383 -- Basswood 10,961 27 ,890 44,741 64,954 43,018 17,857 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 106 7,493 2,228 21,849 8,423 1,209 Hard maple 6,804 59,126 40 ,501 75 ,803 45 ,431 12,837 Soft maple 14,517 64 ,401 30,751 55 ,402 81,770 22. 51iE Elm 6,845 18 ,026 17,674 19,163 8,411 4,379 Black ash 7,714 25 ,834 19,273 28,745 18,247 16 ,090 White & green ash 4,630 8,231 11,922 16 ,903 13,104 3,590 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- 125 Bigtooth aspen 16,049 18,238 8,472 30,757 12,549 36 , 334 Quaking aspen 39,621 74 ,300 89,767 80,740 40 ,919 59 ,988 Paper birch 12,883 28 ,150 25 ,856 55,045 15 ,637 30 ,437 Black cherry 1,659 2,708 2,550 1,333 734 1,498 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 2,143 -- 1,152 430 137 353 Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 197,597 345,947 334,300 514,022 306,451 260 ,556
All_ species 210,261 478,144 366,295 650,709 358,765 327 ,292
Table 27.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand board feet)L/ All See Sr ere re CO UN CY te Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods a Jack pine 403,480 1,579 1253 107,155 100,555 102,435 -- Red pine 654 , 363 62,006 1,501 213,680 20,209 64 ,375 30 ,287 White pine 745 ,829 102 ,388 13,470 183 , 374 32 ,526 39 ,005 40,615 White spruce 368 ,931 122 ,203 -- 50,760 -- 47,144 53,751 Black spruce 33,543 7,543 -- -- -- 5,341 10,582 Balsam fir 588 ,647 124,121 -- 80 ,986 -- 113,036 113,300 Hemlock 264 ,927 52,129 -- 30,216 -- 5,190 70,495 Tamarack 94 ,390 3,902 -- 17,225 2,123 12,525 538 Northern white-cedar 388 ,516 100 ,262 -- 43,949 -- 33,000 113,973 Other softwoods 1,392 -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 3,544,018 BiG 33 16,224 727 ,345 155,413 422,051 433,541 Hardwoods White oak 202 ,018 700 63,458 1,819 24,620 618 -- Select red oak 846 ,693 24,764 82 ,632 144 ,423 74,258 35,409 10,148 Other red oak 100 ,877 -- 2,743 706 48 ,217 1,688 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 9,661 -- 1,724 -- -- -- -- Basswood 732,985 89,513 28,365 60,163 14,694 37 ,958 66,205 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 221,270 44 ,736 -- 16,523 -- 17,525 61,749 Hard maple 905 ,072 217,162 12,336 838277 14,114 47 ,871 112,437 Soft maple 498 ,562 60 , 341 3,897 34,122 20 ,564 41,768 30,150 Elm 411,041 63,104 22,257 28 , 464 18,144 23,468 39 ,684 Black ash 269 ,758 19,384 4,624 22 ,894 25,637 50,738 17,147 White & green ash 190,571 13,094 12,623 5,896 3,035 1,798 13,814 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 720 -- -- -- 720 -- -- Hackberry -- -~ -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 17,149 -- -- 5,489 -- 9,754 1,906 Bigtooth aspen 530 ,658 23,476 38 ,428 128 ,292 51,503 29,512 11,117 Quaking aspen 1,255,261 168 ,058 34,575 216,299 73,146 152,679 88 ,213 Paper birch 293 ,605 25,058 2,482 66 ,536 10 ,466 52,661 32,279 Black cherry 14,138 3,502 1,108 -- ash -- 4,099 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 13,381 -- 1,320 -- 23357. -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- == Total 6,513,420 152.892 3125572 814,903 382 ,789 503,447 488,948 All species 10,057 ,438 V329).025 328,796 1,542,248 538,202 925,498 922,489
1/ (Table 27 continued on next page) —International Y4-inch rule.
(Table 27 continued)
County Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 9,113 11,184 -- 9,449 -- 60,757 Red pine 13h 90,249 20 ,241 108 ,207 9,318 32 ,978 White pine 16,995 28 ,960 53,965 171,614 26,413 36 ,504 White spruce 2,347 35 ,982 5,178 26 548 23,875 1,143 Black spruce -- 2,495 -- 6,246 1,336 -- Balsam fir -- 72,749 16,989 37,764 21,508 8,194 Hemlock -- 38,075 3,374 38 ,944 26 504 -- Tamarack 573i 20 ,912 4,099 6,471 11,134 9,724 Northern white-cedar -- 33,177 3,543 41,694 6,496 12,422 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- 1,392 Total 35,504 333,783 107,389 446,937. 126,584 163,114 Hardwoods White oak 64 ,835 1,869 12,067 8,510 15.137 22,385 Select red oak 115,949 12,190 96 ,480 135 ,497 47,402 67 541 Other red oak 34 ,078 -- 4,631 2,549 -- 6,265 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- -- 3,598 -- 4,339 -- Basswood 29 ,508 54,208 102,459 123,045 99 ,957 26,910 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- 20,491 1,863 39 ,626 14,005 4,752 Hard maple 15,647 97,403 103,922 119,440 55,141 26,322 Soft maple 15,950 67,789 32,370 76,605 88 ,823 26 ,183 Elm 20 ,687 52,448 55 ,885 48 ,044 23,738 15,118 Black ash 8,209 27,173 31,494 33,077 14,532 14,849 White & green ash 6,205 24 506 25,916 41,781 36 ,290 53613 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- =- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 34 ,288 22,819 20 ,056 82 ,465 18,625 70,077 Quaking aspen 44,271 114,047 121,632 139 ,002 25 466 77 873 Paper birch 6,104 31,385 7,678 33,710 11,995 13,251 Black cherry -- 2,041 1,382 692 -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 2,718 -- 5,187 -- 743 1,056 Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 398,449 528,369 626,620 884,043 442,193 378,195
All species 433,953 862,152 ~=734,009 1,330,980 568,777 541,309
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45
Table 30.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and forest type, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest type
Northern All Jack Red White Balsam White Black whi te- Species group types pine pine pine fir spruce spruce cedar So*twoods Jack pine 237,849 188,166 3017 1,246 -- -- -- == Red pine 179,071 8,641 123 ,086 9,164 2,345 131 888 -- White pine 154 ,382 2,268 22 ,692 40 ,448 15 35e e538 1,070 843 White spruce 121,342 -- 994 2,249 12,982 62,477 641 2,398 Black spruce 41 ,303 201 -- 715 4,928 367 16,194 4,200 Balsam fir 299 183 80 1,736 2,234 107 ,449 2,080 22331 12,806 Hemlock 66 , 348 -- -- -- 1,649 -- 1,287 3,930 Tamarack 59 582 -- -- 735 3,360 -- 6,945 3,633 Northern white-cedar 124 ,494 -- 434 -- 19,044 1,036 3,080 68 ,665 Other softwoods 325 -- -- 255 -- -- -- -- Total 1,283,879 199,356 151,959 57 ,046 159,109 67 ,844 32 ,442 96 ,475 Hardwoods White oak 133731 -- -- 254 77 -- -- -- Select red oak 392 ,975 2,289 4,356 607 239 -- 430 -- Other red oak 41 ,248 2,988 -- 258 -- -- 75 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 9,803 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 334 ,289 -- -- 421 -- -- -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 85 ,401 -- -- -- 2,985 -- 173 5,307 Hard maple 553,791 -- 666 -- 1,429 118 107 -- Soft maple 468 ,019 -- 4,038 1,248 6,298 688 781 2235 Elm 141,996 -- 102 251 1,382 -- -- -- Black ash 226 230 -- -- -- 9,017 174 -- 6,081 White & green ash 83,849 -- 118 -- 116 536 -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 163 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 8,547 -- -- -- 110 -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 272,055 1,761 1,985 1,440 462 185 191 223 Quaking aspen 872,273 6,075 7,169 9,194 18,317 1,339 1,816 1,841 Paper birch 438 ,362 492 3,168 1,440 10,301 522 1,359 3,167 Black cherry 19 ,820 -- -- -- 102 -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 4,841 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods 118 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 4,027 ,511 13,605 21,602 15,113 50 ,835 3,562 4,932 18,854 All species 53115390: 212,961 173,561 72,159 209 ,944 71,406 37 ,374 115,329
(Table 30 continued on next page)
46
(Table 30 continued)
Forest type
Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Paper Non- Species group Tamarack hickory soft maple birch Aspen birch Exotic stocked Softwoods Se Teas cis Jack pine 331 26,701 345 573 14,798 1,574 -- 1,098 Red pine 304 5,019 256 5 ,633 20 ,992 2,612 -- -- White pine 3,782 7,299 6,382 32 ,842 23,257 4,312 -- 82 White spruce 381 -- 3,592 12,736 16 ,638 6,053 -- 201 Black spruce 5 ,338 -- 1,521 936 4,991 1,912 -- -- Balsam fir 5,075 681 31,462 62 , 340 53,250 17,653 -- -- Hemlock 79 594 4,448 50 ,823 1,982 1,556 -- -- Tamarack 30 ,826 141 4,612 1,108 6,230 1,372 -- 620 Northern white-cedar 369 -- 12,350 15,447 3,141 928 -- -- Other softwoods -- -- -- 70 -- -- -- -- Total 46 ,485 40 ,435 64 ,968 182 ,508 145 ,279 37 ,972 -- 2,001 Hardwoods White oak -- 36 ,918 4,220 14,644 15,199 2,247 -- 172 Select red oak -- 191,524 5,295 110,239 59 ,684 18 ,312 -- -- Other red oak -- 25 ,533 1,073 2,947 7,118 1,110 -- 146 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- 1,209 231 8,015 348 -- -- -- Basswood -- 10,738 11,747 295 ,218 12,531 3,634 -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 135 81 8,411 65 ,440 2,147 722 -- -- Hard maple 105 7,610 10,304 512,290 14,724 6,337 -- 101 Soft maple 2,081 18 ,090 68 ,843 267 ,862 74 ,626 21,118 -- 111 Elm -- 4,198 35 ,520 88 ,646 9,905 1,992 -- -- Black ash -- 2,542 128 ,134 60,272 15,452 4,139 -- 419 White & green ash -- 4,708 6,120 65,671 3,796 2,784 -- -- Sycamore -- -- =- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- 163 -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- 109 807 287 6,911 323 -- -- Bigtooth aspen 2,249 31,403 ise 30 ,499 187 ,996 11,929 -- -- Quaking aspen 2,729 16,105 26,025 122,947 621 ,962 34 ,658 -- 2,096 Paper birch 1,876 29 ,568 12,392 86 479 131,887 154 ,923 -- 788 Black cherry -- 1,459 132 11,261 5,853 1,013 -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut -- 1,163 -- 3,678 -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- 118 -- -- -- -- -- Total Ori 382 ,958 321,267 1,746,395 1,170,139 265 ,241 -- 3,833
All species 55 ,660 423 ,393 386,235 1,928,903 1,315,418 303 ,213 -- 5 ,834
Table 3l1.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and forest type, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand board feet)L/
Forest type
Northern All Jack Red White Balsam White Black whi te- Species group types pine pine pine fille spruce spruce cedar Softwoods (il Tsne Jack pine 403 ,480 272,336 11,563 3,593 -- -- -- =- Red pine 654 ,363 37 ,574 394 ,811 40 ,923 VI 202 -- 5,136 -- White pine 745 ,629 10,136 102 ,375 182,169 36 ,804 9,288 3,585 4,042 White spruce 368 ,931 -- 4,116 10 ,243 48,556 140,169 2,603 8,552 Black spruce 33 543 -- -- -- 7,861 767 7,432 5,475 Balsam fir 588 ,647 -- 4,160 9,119 208 ,532 3,640 3,457 5,815 Hemlock 264 ,927 -- -- -- 5,510 -- 5,191 14,600 Tamarack 94 ,390 -- -- 840 6,750 -- 3,019 5,499 Northern white-cedar 388 ,516 -- 1,134 -- 60 ,358 -- 8,825 203,009 Other softwoods 1,392 -- -- 1,392 -- -- -- -- Total 3,544 ,018 320 ,046 518,159 248 ,279 385,583 153,864 39,248 246,992 Hardwoods White oak 202 ,018 -- -- 678 -- -- -- -- Select red oak 846 ,693 2,766 4,555 -- 1,205 -- 596 -- Other red oak 100 ,877 6,269 -- 810 -- -- 411 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 9,661 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 732,985 -- -- 853 -- -- -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 221,270 -- -- -- 9,037 -- 481 18 ,603 Hard maple 905 ,072 -- -- -- 2,380 -- -- -- Soft maple 498 ,562 -- -- -- 6,722 2,016 -- 3,077 Elm 411,041 -- -- 737 4,231 -- -- -- Black ash 269 ,758 -- -- -- 5 ,887 1,011 -- 759 White & green ash 190,571 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 720 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 17,149 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 530 ,658 -- 2,246 R252 -- -- 977 565 Quaking aspen 1,255,261 2,433 WSSU. 16,051 34 ,604 4,554 3,788 3,761 Paper birch 293,605 -- 4,425 687 10 ,342 -- 590 5,138 Black cherry 14,138 -- o -- 692 -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 13,381 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 6,513,420 11,468 18 ,543 23 ,068 75,100 7,581 6,843 31,903 All species 10 ,057 ,438 331,514 536,702 271,347 460,683 161,445 46,091 278,895
(Table 31 continued on next page) 1/ International Ya-inch rule.
48
(Table 31 continued)
Species group
Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack
Northern white-cedar
Other softwoods Total
Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash White & green ash Sycamore Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods
Total All species
Tamarack
1,734 18,274 909 2,436 1,441 339 34,199
59 , 332
Oak- hickory
73,548 17,203 37,671
556 2/51
1311729
110 ,666 370 ,967 51,882
698 22 ,882
11,539 14,238 13,652 4,862 8,111
67 ,812 24,402 11,758
5,034 718 ,503 850 , 232
E|lm-ash- soft maple
972 1,465 387,252 14,693 4,736 66,716 1515295 19,788 45 ,066
201 ,983
14,223 16 ,823 4,187
26 ,806 21,561
6,952 124,118 103,795 169 ,449 16 ,533
720 2,045 4,941
40,872 12,870
565 ,895 767 ,878
Forest type
Maple- birch
a0 32 , 380 172,600 59,917 2,551! 152 ,060 206 , 335 1,548 58 ,188
688 ,151
44 ,958 335 228 12,685 8,963 664 ,372 168 , 342 869 ,626 325 , 361 264 ,062 76,243 160 ,296
71,166 288 ,712 87,720 10,750
8,347
3,396 ,831 4 ,084 ,982
Aspen
31,237 97,764 TS; 25i7, 55,376 tC 96,169 8,590 18 ,406 9,850
432,161
25,718 79,185 20,591
12,568 867 8,972 17,405 18,724 7,463 2,214
14,342 347 ,031 766 ,624
75,019
1,314
1,398 ,037 1,830,198
Paper birch
6,875 14,161 22,051 22,736
773 36 ,982
6,316
2,644
2,086
114,624
5 ,263 35 , 368 3,296
5,504 1,750 5,603 3,722 5,840 4,084 3,417
251,185 365 ,809
Exotic
Non-
stocked
49
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Table 36.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type,
stand-size class, and basal-area class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
Forest type and
stand-size class
Jack pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
All classes
41,543 155 ,658 15,760
212,961
119,795 47,785 5,981
173,561
63,856 8,303
72,159
91,780 98 ,005 20,159
209 ,944
45 ,810 25,097 499
71,406
2,813 21,143 13,418
37 374
60 ,374 52,829 2,126
115,329
(In thousand cubic feet)
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
11-20
21-30
691 lod
1,848
31-40
786 1,044 1,878
3,708
877 1,622 1,401
3,900
2,017
2,017
51-60
1,738 5,628
9 , 368
1,542 1,389 1,519
4,450
13,186 6 ,688 1,946
21,820
2,048 906
2,954
304 1,710 1,441
3,455
1727 A b21 3,788
16 ,636
1,358 USA)
2,736
2,045
2,045
41-50
2,002
(Table 36 continued on next page)
53
54
(Table 36 continued)
Forest type and Stand-size class Jack pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
71-80
8,439 18,545 Hoel
34 ,505
625 Cail
2,796
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
81-90
6,130 14,098 HAS)
21,801
1,415 4,644
6,059
2,313 2,619
4,932
4,090 11,208 AS:
16,511
91-100
1,165 66,258
67 ,423
5,433 5,991
11,424
101-120
14, 323 32,024
46 , 347
35/37 10,689 1,005
47,431
20 ,605 3,270
23,875
19,908 12,142
32,050
nS oe
2,836 5,673
8,509
39),153
B51 153
1,405 1,405
29,429
29,429
121-150 151-180 3,455 ak TdT 35177
10,632 ani 27 ,785 38 ,609 11,485 12,962 51,571
18,125 20 ,895 2,414 = 20,539 20 ,895 32 ,253 6, 338 20,789 23,490 ae 1ea72 53,042 31,200 =e 10,657 17,955 7,142 17,955 17,799 2,813 = 6,471 a2 1,010 Es 10,294 a 18,270 13,014 8,371 7,937 a 655 26,641 21,606
19,598
19,598
(Table 36 continued on next page)
(Table 36 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Nonstocked
All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands
All classes
8,936 30,768 15,956
55 ,660
150,915 245 ,974 26 ,504
423,393
131,670 224 ,186 30 , 379
386 ,235
739,515 1,094,515 94 ,873
1,928 ,903
233,445 923,535 158 ,438
1,315,418
33,319 247 ,256 22 ,638
303,213
5 ,834
1,723,771 3,175,054 406 ,731 5,834
"5,311,390
2,974
11-20
380
1,160 1,160
226 7,351 Ubi
1,004 226 10,800 914
12,944
21-30
430 1,947
2,377
556 2,195
2,751
1,353 704 3,706
5,763
546
3,862 4,408
2,436 4,961 16,229
23,626
680 864
1,544
4,335 8,022 32 , 704
303
45 , 364
31-40
1,627 1,627
2,248
7,399 9,587
1,970 1,743 UA)
5 432
930 1,743 4,151
6,824
3,503 8,769 19,974
32,246
3,028 1,429
4,457
1,144
11,137 16 ,327 40 ,095
1,144
68 , 703
41-50
1,089 2,405 1,063 4,557
1,579 444 9 ,828
11,851
1,204 6,881 5,627
13,712
6,223 12,855
19,078
6,633 24 485 27,159
58,277
1,091 1,701 4,815
7,607
17,240 43,761 69,511
316
130 ,828
51-60
ke 2,829 4,247
8,197
960 2,267 2,655
5,882
8,010 9,420 6,443
23,873
4,830 12,031 14,199
31,060
9,320 57 ,638 23,431
90 , 389
19,926 3,826
23,752
L315
41,906 121,574 63,114 135
227,909
61-70
1,474 8,983 1,009
11,466
10,350 5,139
15,489
2,501 12,034 1,877
16,412
11,592 19,791 14,650
46 ,033
14,573 54,494 15 656
84 ,723
5,019 3,875
8,894
48 ,892 124 ,024 42,439
829
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
216,184
(Table 36 continued on next page)
55
(Table 36 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Nonstocked
All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands
56
71-80
2,495 2,495
1,338 12,223 1,148
14,709
655 28 623 2,021
31,299
25,494 56,290 9,782 91 ,566
16 ,886 70,768 23,919
111,573
3,097 8,854 846
12,797
64,543 204 ,952 56,552
326 ,047
81-90
6,966 890
7,856
16,738 27,504 1,909
46,151
12,734 37 , 360 5,136
55 ,230
41,149 103 ,865 8,840
153,854
27,706 131,078 13,740
172,524
1,015 13,535 1,690
16,240
114,819 358 , 394 36,775
509 ,988
91-100
Le 2,367
4,079
#5532 29,420
36 ,952
1,628 31,710 2,910
35 ,848
49,778 87,240 5,165
(142,183
14,360 84 ,656 1,913
100 ,929
1,461 23,921 2,549
27,931
lll
87,029 337 ,813 17,156
111
442,109
101-120
4,872 6,232
11,104
50 ,835 85 ,087 71
135 ,993
26,131 27,478
53,609
142,535 311,259
Le LTS 470,969
30,371 171,083 5,867
207 ,321
9,412 46 ,216 2,744
58 ,372
354,729 736,314 26 ,862
111745905
121-150
AA
2181
50,961 34,424
85 , 385
53,547 49,611 791
103 ,949
265 ,907 |
343 ,847 Ls 39it
611,145
92,679 228 ,357 1,962
322,998
13,824 86,225
100,049
579,619 818,337 5,154
1,403,110
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
151-180 181+ 8,374 -- 48 ,910 -- 57,284 -- 21,313 -- 16,020 2,602 37/5333 2,602 163,237 33,517 144 ,685 7,541 1,470 -- 309 ,392 41 ,058 14,978 -- 74,631 12,389 89 ,609 12,389 3,419 -- 30,255 7,896 33,674 7,896 300 ,834 97 ,684 369 ,209 36,101 3,497 -- 673,540 133,785
Table 37.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand board feet)L/
Forest type and All Basal-area class (square feet per acre) istand=siizencllaSsta 0s wemcilassess Pem0=10) 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 Jack pine Sawtimber 141,457 -- -- -- 2,541 3,055 5,994 15,914 Poletimber 166,226 -- -- -- 1,933 -- 4,517 8,650 Sapling & seedling 23,831 -- -- 1,419 3,288 4,935 4,572 -- All stands 331,514 -- -- 1,419 7,762 7,990 15,083 24 564 Red pine Sawtimber 465 ,264 -- -- -- 3,201 10,381 8,288 -- Poletimber 64 ,872 -- -- -- -- -- 4,906 -- Sapling & seedling 6,566 -- -- -- 5,045 -- -- -- All stands 536,702 -- -- -- 8,246 10,381 13,194 -- White pine Sawtimber 252 ,829 -- -- -- 57832 -- 2,742 -- Poletimber 18,518 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Sapling & seedling -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All_ stands 271,347 -- -- -- 5,132 -- 2,742 -- Balsam fir Sawtimber 288 ,747 -- -- -- -- 8,050 50 , 349 5,687 Poletimber 135 ,810 -- -- 1,114 -- -- 13,103 8,158 Sapling & seedling 36,126 -- -- 25233 776 5,610 4,454 5,747 All_ stands 460 ,683 -- -- 3,347 776 13,660 67 ,906 19,592 White spruce Sawtimber 135 ,936 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Poletimber 25 ,509 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Sapling & seedling -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All stands 161,445 -- ~ == -- -- -- -- -- Black spruce Sawtimber 8,000 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Poletimber 26 ,032 -- -- -- -- -- 1,180 1,646 Sapling & seedling 12,059 -- -- 1,344 -- 6,416 2,197 503 All stands 46 ,091 -- -- 1,344 -- 6,416 SHE 2,149 Northern white-cedar Sawtimber 191,554 -- -- -- -- -- 1,077 8,423 Poletimber 84 , 396 -- -- -- -- -- 899 -- Sapling & seedling 2,945 -- -- -- -- -- 1,621 -- All stands 278 ,895 -- -- -- -- -- 3,597 8,423
1/ (Table 37 continued on next page) —International Ya-inch rule.
57
58
(Table 37 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Jack pine
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling & seedling
All stands
Red pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White pine Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Balsam fir Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands White spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Black spruce Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Northern white-cedar Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
81-90 91-100 24,372 4,426 14,948 78,489 1,209 ae 40 ,529 82,915 4,016 29,716 6,725 3,284 10,741 33,000 8,463 Be 7,007 = 15,470 a 11,910 7,938 21,166 6,207 2,830 4,247 35 ,906 18 392 2,294 2,630 1,599 = 3,893 2,630 5,447 11,505 6,861 re 12,308 11,505
101-120
48 ,596 46 ,089
94 ,685
118,325 18 , 338 746
137,409
77 ,080 8,290
85 ,370
63,120 14,001
LWA
49 ,510
49 ,510
121-150
5,983 1,815
1298
120,601 14,841
135,442
77,290 3,221
80,511
96 ,790 34,075
130,865
13,869
13,869
8,000 9,291
17,291
55,107 12519
67,626
(Table 37 continued on next page)
151-180 181+ 147 ,447 23,289 15,785 -- 163,232 23,289 82,122 -- 82,122 -- 18,028 5,904 30,635 5,314
S519 -- 52,182 11,218 37 ,464 98 ,472 11,640 == 49 ,104 98 ,472 42,410 55,973 13,425 ==
1,324 aS 57,159 S55 913
(Table 37 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Elm-ash-soft maple Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
the All stands
Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling
All stands
Nonstocked
All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands
All classes
28 ,640 21,591 14,979
65,210
483 ,658 318,160 48 ,414
850 ,232
413,334 311,211 43 , 333
767 ,878
2,358 ,137 1,584 , 330 142,515
4,084 ,982
691,033 918 ,332 220 ,833
1,830,198
96 ,652 251,514 17,643
365 ,809
6,452
5,555,241 3,926,501 569 ,244 6,452
10,057 ,438
21,817 21,817
1,141
4 ,833
25,629 1,141
31,603
Basal-area 21-30
class (square feet per acre)
31-40
17,428 27,360
7,158 3,500 6,686
17,344
3,636 2,976 6,234
12 ,846
11,743 7,919 25,141
44 ,803
41-50
4,586 2,204
24,551
3,115 10,092 5,299
18,506
8,594 25,855
34 449
17,878 20 , 988 34,467
1355333
2,860 886 702
4,448
51-60
3,130 1,460 2,958
7,548
4,539 1,855 4,410
10,804
29,541 14,703 8,997
53,241
18 ,003 9,292 22,952
50,247
29,107 34,706 35 ,063
98 ,876
6,302 4,761
11,063
61-70
4,509 1,212 2,320
8,041
43,798 7,399
51,197
8,276 5,841
14,117
38 ,485 25,100 15,698
79,283
47 ,832 39,950 23,272
111,054
12,214 2,645
14 ,859
1,061
15,324 5,734 61,770 1,061
83 ,889
43,343 19,136 69 ,509
577
132,565
58 ,140 43,603 99 ,221
750
201,714
152,770 92,923 91,985
337 ,678
172,924 110,170 50,185 746
334,025
(Table 37 continued on next page)
59
60
(Table 37 continued)
Forest type and stand-size class Tamarack Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Oak-hickory Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands
Elm-ash-soft maple
Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Maple-birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Aspen Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Paper birch Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Exotic Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling All stands Nonstocked
All types Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling & seedling Nonstocked All stands
5,082 15,752 874
21,708
2,449 41,791 470
44,710
86 , 388 67,128 8,465
161,981
54,243 75,123 28 ,839
158 ,205
10,197 10,540
20,737
221,518 230,719 54,541
506,778
Basal-area class (square feet per acre)
81-90
8,716 2,187
10,903
48 ,235 43,507 4,133
95,875
30,549 65,170 4,363
100 ,082
149 ,970 164,647 18,701
333 ,318
87 ,052 153:,227, 7,817
248 ,096
3,134 13,545 2,402
19,081
373,148 507 ,813 45,241
926 ,202
91-100
3,889
30,762 34 ,539
65 ,301
6,903 44,126 2,528
53,557
152,789 141,652 6,673
301,114
44 684 88 ,477 826
133,987
3,816 29,739 613
34,168
292,539 431,740 16,179
740 ,458
101-120
14,976 4,047
19,023
165 ,000 96 ,907
261,907
89 ,989 33 ,097
123,086
483 ,828 430,225 24 ,593
938 ,646
84,517 191,003 9,284
284 ,804
28 ,902 50,788 4,651 84 , 341
1,174,333 944 ,898 39,274
121-150
305
1,355
146 ,124 51,419
197 ,543
167,142 64,801 2,039
233,982
810,293 545 ,848 2,261
1,358 ,402
266,707 230,011 1,096
36 ,599 83 ,289
119 ,888
1,790 ,636 1,066 ,354 5,396
2,862 , 386
151-180
21,971 65 ,943
87,914
59,717 25,634
85,351
521,255 180,769 2,374
704 , 398
38 ,880 68 , 307
107 ,187
11,144 33,464
44 ,608
980 , 438 445 ,602 Us Au)
1,433,257
2,456 2,456
91,657 8,099
99 ,756
4,001
497 ,814
4,001
7,939
7,939
275,295 27 ,809
2,158,505
303,104
Table 38.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and butt log grade, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand board feet )2/ All Log grade Species group grades 1 2 3 Tie and timber Softwoods Jack pine 403 ,480 -- -- 403 ,480 -- Red pine 654 , 363 -- ALF 642 ,186 -- White pine 745 ,829 91,585 91,626 558 ,760 3,858 White spruce 368 ,931 2,898 2,355 363 ,678 -- Black spruce 33,543 -- -- 33,543 -- Balsam fir 588 ,647 -- -- 588 ,647 -- Hemlock 264 ,927 25,025 43,812 196 ,090 -- Tamarack 94 ,390 -- 772 93,618 -- Northern white-cedar 388 ,516 -- 22 ,430 366 ,086 -- Other softwoods 1,392 -- -- 1,392 -- Total 3,544 ,018 119,508 173,172 3,247 ,480 3,858 Hardwoods White oak 202 ,018 9,651 33,206 139 ,673 19 ,488 Select red oak 846 ,693 76,618 215,878 491 ,026 63,171 Other red oak 100 ,877 -- 21,007 79 ,870 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 9,661 -- -- 6,744 2,917 Basswood 732,985 103 ,824 208 ,227 403,761 17,173 Beech -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 221,270 30 ,969 76 ,696 110,771 2,834 Hard maple 905 ,072 84,792 158 ,329 645,155 16,796 Soft maple 498 ,562 40 , 366 68 ,819 367 ,283 22 ,094 Elm 411,041 47,725 136 ,983 216,311 10 ,022 Black ash 269 ,/58 18,605 63,966 178 ,843 8,344 White & green ash 190 ,571 23,062 66 ,534 100,975 -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- Willow 720 -- 328 392 -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 17,149 -- 7,824 9,325 -- Bigtooth aspen 530 ,658 12,250 74,590 437 ,892 5,926 Quaking aspen 1,255,261 30 ,439 153,541 968 ,392 102 ,889 Paper birch 293,605 -- 30 ,465 249 ,615 13,525 Black cherry 14,138 -- 7,592 6,546 -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 13,381 -- 6,966 6,415 -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- Total 6,513,420 478 ,301 1,330,951 4,418 ,989 285,179 All species 10 ,057 ,438 597 ,809 1,504 ,123 7,666 ,469 289 ,037 1/
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Table 41.--Net annual growth of growing stock On commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
oo ees
Species 196 72/ 1982 Softwoods 43,000 49,537 Hardwoods 118 ,000 129 ,690
All species 161,000 179,227
1/Figures have been adjusted from those pub- lished after the 1968 survey to conform to 1982 volumes because of changes in survey procedures.
Table 42.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Jack pine 10 ,607 3 18 2,168 2,294 3,432 -- Red pine 8,768 693 15 2,398 1,430 749 194 White pine 4,234 622 107 1,174 222 176 AA White spruce 6,875 1,930 -- 554 -- 729 600 Black spruce 2,338 222 29 99 19 637 276 Balsam fir 11,877 1,685 -- 1,224 -13 2,847 2,340 Hemlock 466 103 -- 43 -- 10 228 Tamarack 796 -61 22 148 49 38 133 Northern white-cedar 3,560 1,058 -- 385 -- 279 938 Other softwoods 16 -- -- -- -- -- 5 Total 49 ,537 6,255 191 8,193 4,001 8,897 4,885 Hardwoods White oak 1,287 2 270 14 181 30 -- Select red oak 10,720 163 654 2,749 Le2u 792 258 Other red oak -194 -- 14 -105 -80 -18 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 210 -- -1 -- 11 -- -- Basswood 10,794 1,173 139 806 161 505 846 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 1,174 102 2 47 3 66 92 Hard maple 18,495 4,038 115 2,880 82 900 2,629 Soft maple 22 289 2,666 423 SESS 377 1,590 1,382 Elm 2,978 431 146 296 114 115 447 Black ash 8,627 842 26 1,162 251 1,296 309 White & green ash 3,269 217 228 385 30 73 73 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 4 -- -- -- 4 -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 198 -- -- 19 -- 144 26 Bigtooth aspen 8,194 501 62 1,765 973 510 235 Quaking aspen 26,291 3,117 836 4,387 918 3,324 1,093 Paper birch 14,620 1,787 450 SAl6l 523 2,412 870 Black cherry 562 55 17 -- 42 -- 61 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 170 -- 5 -- 10 -- -- Other hardwoods 2 -- -- --) -- 2 -- Total 129,690 15 ,094 3,386 20 ,939 4,811 11,741 8,321 All species 179,227 21,349 Se 577 29 132 8,812 20 ,638 13,206
(Table 42 continued on next page)
(Table 42 continued)
County Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods , ot Se ee Bs Jack pine 537 81 -- 89 -- 1,985 Red pine 7 1,098 449 1,141 122 472 White pine 85 121 263 892 174 227 White spruce 28 753 87 13535 653 6 Black spruce 20 239 152 284 293 68 Balsam fir -- 1732 353 971 603 135 Hemlock -- -12 8 61 38 -13 Tamarack 42 53 -13 105 116 164 Northern white-cedar -- 530 12 Patil 54 93 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- 11 Total 719 4,595 Vegi) 5,289 2,053 3,148 Hardwoods White oak 350 5 118 137 4 176 Select red oak 1,043 276 854 1,291 426 1,003 Other red oak -72 -- 10 -- -- 57 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 40 -- 52 37 7 -- Basswood 449 926 1,473 2,226 1,302 788 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 53 49 106 449 202 3 Hard maple 221 1,986 1,328 Apa Al 1,485 660 Soft maple 592 2,738 1,528 2,677 4,093 850 Elm 184 224 440 532 1 48 Black ash 334 1,296 678 1,014 937 482 White & green ash 414 283 397 593 417 159 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -— -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- 9 Bigtooth aspen 457 693 142 831 944 1,081 Quaking aspen 813 2,379 2,900 2,495 2,546 1,483 Paper birch 351 719 1,029 1,988 468 862 Black cherry 38 88 149 40 15 57 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 116 -- 30 13 4 -8 Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 5,383 11,662 11,234 16,494 12,915 73710
All species 6,102 16,257 12,545 21,783 14,968 10 ,858
Table 43.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand board feet)L/ All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Jack pine 32 ,952 109 612 7,739 5,283 13,949 -- Red pine 36 ,234 4,834 724 11,623 709 2,237 1,165 White pine 24,449 SA: 803 6,860 1,076 1,269 1,189 White spruce 25 ,900 7,544 -- 3,559 -- 3,564 Sll52 Black spruce 1,324 179 -- -- -- 158 584 Balsam fir 40 ,466 8,231 -- 4,328 -- 10,676 6,521 Hemlock 2,382 542 -- 245 -- 36 1.186 Tamarack 4,123 205 74 878 59 366 1 Northern white-cedar 18,269 6,558 -- 1,250 -- 1,066 4,082 Other softwoods 99 -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 186 ,198 31,413 AB CANS} 36 ,482 Tiler 33 ,321 17 ,880 Hardwoods White oak 533k 5 1,832 23 1,178 9 -- Select red oak 43 ,540 1,015 370511 9,576 5,720 Asthis) 225 Other red oak 5,156 -- 59 50 2,681 31 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 166 -- 20 -- -- -- -- Basswood 36 ,516 5,943 635 2,097 464 824 2,842 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 3,607 311 -- 115 -- 146 150 Hard maple 34 ,046 7,341 343 4,505 288 2,059 3,468 Soft maple 26 ,531 4,669 147 1,670 OZ 1,445 626 Elm 13,119 1,765 732 787 440 143 1,434 Black ash 15,970 1,901 1,246 2,081 1,409 2,940 523 White & green ash 11,871 738 983 374 109 74 334 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 16 -- -- -- 16 -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 470 -- -- 116 -- 323 31 Bigtooth aspen 31,043 858 414 7,635 3,898 3,877 302 Quaking aspen 80 ,988 8,880 1,621 17,796 4,634 11,925 5,483 Paper birch 26 ,972 3,953 103 5,524 688 5,902 2,339 Black cherry 1,038 251 Ze -- 101 -- 253 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 123 -- 102 -- 117 -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 337 ,103 37 ,630 11,810 52,349 22,764 32 ,411 18 ,010 All species 523,301 69 ,043 14,023 88 ,831 29 ,891 65,732 35 ,890
L/ (Table 43 continued on next page) —International la-inch rule.
(Table 43 continued)
County Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 1,092 520 oo 922 -- 2,726 Red pine 40 4,352 ee el5 6,636 881 1,918 White pine 516 631 1525 5,303 1,049 1,017 White spruce 165 2,422 394 S191 1,878 31 Black spruce -- 104 -- 253 46 -- Balsam fir -- 2,994 lee 3ih2 3,664 2,161 519 Hemlock -- -22 35 309 111 -60 Tamarack 185 1,284 122 163 303 483 Northern white-cedar -- 3,401 94 I 133 300 385 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- 99 Total 1,998 15 ,686 4,657 21,574 6,729 7,118 Hardwoods White oak 1,365 20 226 137 16 520 Select red oak 5,688 470 3,467 5,774 1,766 3,575 Other red oak 1,304 -- 155 615 -- 261 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- -- 34 -- Lh2 -- Basswood 1,390 3,825 53213 6,323 6,164 736 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- -- 220 15753 809 103 Hard maple 276 331/35 4,217 3,458 3,787 569 Soft maple 1,436 3,289 1,948 25703, 6,087 1,490 Elm 617 2,167 1,987 2,254 559 234 Black ash 223 946 2,043 1,743 614 301 White & green ash eS 1,631 t,213 2,244 2,700 296 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- =- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 1,743 1,684 688 5,641 1,892 2,411 Quaking aspen 1,789 5,341 72027 7,161 3,062 6,269 Paper birch 200 1,580 1027 25917) 1,378 1,361 Black cherry -- 252 106 53 -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 108 -- 304 -- 17 75 Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 17,314 24 ,940 29,935 42,776 28 ,963 18,201 All species 19,312 40 ,626 34 592 64 ,350 35 ,692 25,319
Table 44.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(In thousand cubic feet)
All
Ownership class species Softwoods Hardwoods National Forest CHING 8,210 19,506 Miscellaneous federal 155 42 113 State 5,861 1,678 4,183 County and municipal 37', 864 12,279 25 585 Indian 39113 1,436 2EAT Forest industry 18 ,562 5,600 12,962 Farmer 14,926 2,881 12,045 Misc. private-corp. 8,148 2,488 5,660 Misc. private-indiv. 62 ,082 14,923 47,159
All owners 179,227 49 ,537 129,690
Table 45.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and type, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest type
Northern All Jack Red White Balsam White Black whi te- Species group types pine pine pine fir spruce spruce cedar Softwoods Jack pine 10,607 8,020 142 23 -- -- -- -- Red pine 8,768 848 6,211 182 311 10 16 -- White pine 4,234 100 573 1,101 176 36 34 -13 White spruce 6,875 -- 26 61 705 Spee) 25 55 Black spruce 2,338 9 -- 33 166 1 1,246 87 Balsam fir 11,877 7 48 73 2,190 69 120 685 Hemlock 466 -- -- -- -20 -- 24 ll Tamarack 796 -- -- -19 69 -- -84 119 Northern white-cedar 3,560 -- 20 -- 586 44 159 1,855 Other softwoods 16 -- -- ll -- -- -- -- Total 49 ,537 8,984 7,020 1,465 4,183 33533 1,540 2,799 Hardwoods White oak 1,287 -- -- -7 1 -- -- -- Select red oak 10,720 90 90 13 3 -- 16 -- Other red oak -194 26 -- -23 -- -- -- -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 210 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 10,794 2 -- 14 -- -- -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 1,174 -- -- -- -34 -- 1 -38 Hard maple 18,495 -- 32 -- 34 2 6 -- Soft maple 22 ,289 -- 118 34 222 13 22 2 Elm 2,978 -- 3 -4 17 -- -- -- Black ash 8,627 -- -- -- 566 3 -- 632 White & green ash 3,269 -- 5 -- 6 14 -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 198 -- -- -- 3 -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 8,194 236 50 63 12 4 -7 -- Quaking aspen 26,291 173 107 313 -41 3 2 29 Paper birch 14,620 38 94 56 214 7 30 77 Black cherry 562 -- -- -- 2 -- -- == Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 170 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods 2 -- -- -- -- BE = 22 Total 129 ,690 565 499 459 1,005 46 70 702
All species 179 ,227 9,549 7,519 1,924 5,188 3,579 1,610 3,501 (Table 45 continued on next page)
(Table 45 continued)
Forest type
Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Paper Non- Species group Tamarack hickory soft maple birch Aspen birch Exotic stocked Softwoods Jack pine 17 1,465 {1 21 815 24 -- 69 Red pine 7 240 7 160 706 70 -- -- White pine siz 237 156 779 801 127 -- 10 White spruce 19 -- 226 597 1,438 342 -- 8 Black spruce 378 -- 30 78 215 95 -- -- Balsam fir 543 31 1,246 2,016 3,924 925 -- -- Hemlock 2 9 45 338 45 2 -- -- Tamarack 507 -1 118 -25 83 15 -- 14 Northern white-cedar 11 -- 318 406 125 36 -- -- Other softwoods -- -- -- 5 -- -- ot ee -- Total 1,601 1,981 2,157 4,375 8,152 1,646 -- 101 Hardwoods White oak -- 722 56 224 253 30 -- 8 Select red oak -- 5,195 123 2,857 1,839 494 -- -- Other red oak -- -88 -14 16 -77 3 -- -37 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- 22 4 172 12 -- -- -- Basswood -- 383 415 9,187 665 128 -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- 2 84 1,053 105 1 -- -- Hard maple 5 183 506 16,446 929 285 -- 67 Soft maple 160 772 2,658 11,621 5 ,360 1,304 -- 3 Elm -- -7 974 1,507 438 50 -- -- Black ash -- 20 4,356 1,816 1,087 130 -- 17 White & green ash -- 159 192 2,593 216 84 -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- 4 -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -1 26 -5 179 -4 -- -- Bigtooth aspen 331 409 21 987 5,937 151 -- - Quaking aspen 72 379 567 2,542 21,816 259 -- 70 Paper birch 54 934 251 2,080 5,411 SA 31'3 -- 61 Black cherry 1 -15 5 324 214 31 -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- = == == -- Butternut -- 24 -- 155 -9 -- 5S ee Other hardwoods -- -- 2 -- -- -- -- -- Total 623 9,093 10,230 53,575 44 ,375 8,259 -- 189 All species 2,224 11,074 12,387 57,950 52527, 9,905 -- 290
69
Table 46.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and type, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand board feet)L/
Forest type
All Jack Red White Balsam White Black Northern Species group types pine pine pine fir spruce spruce white-cedar Softwoods eatg avoupn Jack pine 32,952 21,534 1,902 51 -- -- -- -- Red pine 36 ,234 2,398 24,321 eh VA U7/ -- 721 -- White pine 24,449 798 2,951 5,780 997 216 113 -118 White spruce 25 ,900 -- 124 341 3,634 10,167 120 332 Black spruce 1,324 -- -- -- 392 59 411 165 Balsam fir 40 ,466 -- 627 445 16,042 210 124 54 Hemlock 2,382 -- -- -- -107 -- 132 46 Tamarack 4.123 -- -- 70 294 -- 1 427 Northern white-cedar 18,269 -- 58 -- 2,612 -- 584 10,907 Other softwoods 99 -- -- 99 -- -- -- -- Total : 186 ,198 24,730 29,983 7,898 25,381 10,652 2,206 11,813 Hardwoods White oak 5,331 -- -- 3 -- -- -- -- Select red oak 43,540 137 213 -- 16 -- 13 -- Other red oak 5,156 643 -- 11 -- -- -3 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 166 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 36,516 -- -- 20 -- -- -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 3,607 -- -- -- -151 -- 5 -128 Hard maple 34 ,046 -- -- -- 73 -- -- -- Soft maple 26,531 -- -- -- 123 95 -- 62 Elm 13,119 -- -- 9 137 -- -- -- Black ash 15,970 -- -- -- 1,544 11 -- 10 White & green ash 11,871 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow 16 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 470 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 31,043 -- AS) 250 -- -- -15 -6 Quaking aspen 80 ,988 159 618 912 1,941 674 48 264 Paper birch 26,972 -- 414 49 2,354 -- 13 -- Black cherry 1,038 -- -- -- 53 -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut 723 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 337,103 939 1,360 1,254 6,090 780 61 202
All species 523,301 25,669 31,343 9,152 31,471 11,432 2,267 12,015
1/ (Table 46 continued on next page) —International 1/4-inch rule.
70
(Table 46 continued)
Forest type
Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Paper Non- Species group Tamarack hickory soft maple birch Aspen birch Exotic stocked Softwoods Jack pine -- 5,759 75 130 3,243 202 -- 56 Red pine 38 529 43 1,065 4,116 374 -- -- White pine 808 1,369 2 4,642 4,601 757 -- 324 White spruce 65 -- 1,343 3,024 4,686 1,419 -- 45 Black spruce 76 -- 105 -13 110 19 -- -- Balsam fir 93 35 3,554 6,201 10 ,986 2,095 -- -- Hemlock 8 50 245 17439 215 54 -- -- Tamarack 1,034 -- 844 -8 736 99 -- 626 Northern white-cedar -- -- 2,015 1,626 388 79 -- -- Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 2,122 7,742 9,435 19 ,006 29 ,081 5,098 -- 1,051 Hardwoods White oak -- 2,561 208 ANS 760 74 -- 12 Select red oak -- 20 ,309 674 14,712 5,470 1,996 -- -- Other red oak -- 1,790 675 390 L551 82 -- 17 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- 7 -- 159 -- -- -- -- Basswood -- 462 1,042 34,317 556 119 -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- -- 565 3,349 -3 -30 -- -- Hard maple -- 215 366 32 ,878 401 113 -- -- Soft maple 36 595 5,984 17,424 1,988 224 -- -- Elm -- -156 3,790 8,294 841 204 -- -- Black ash -- 194 8,733 4,115 1,169 194 -- -- White & green ash -- 975 1,284 9,242 251 119 -- -- Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- 16 -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- 27 -34 499 -22 -- -- Bigtooth aspen 21 808 102 2,402 26 437 929 -- -- Quaking aspen 90 2,666 1,334 14,708 53,781 3,207 -- 586 Paper birch 108 2,111 1,646 6,374 9,922 3,981 -- -- Black cherry -- -- -- 778 101 106 -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut -- 229 -- 494 -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 255 32 ,766 26 ,446 151,315 103,724 11,296 -- 615
All species 2,377 40 ,508 35 ,881 170,321 132 ,805 16 ,394 -- 1,666
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(panuiquod /p atqel)
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75
Table 49.--Current annual growing-stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods nt a Jack pine 6,263 81 6 1,374 1,293 2,393 -- Red pine 4,150 896 15 752 296 710 157 White pine 2,104 336 69 449 71 75 126 White spruce 741 226 -- 211 -- 10 72 Black spruce 323 80 -- 32 -- 6 38 Balsam fir 2,921 865 -- 457 2 133 170 Hemlock 743 45 -- 27 -- -- 22 Tamarack 323 72 -- 15 3 -- 2 Northern white-cedar 1,018 33 -- 4 -- -- 22 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 18 ,586 2,634 90 Sacyall 1,665 3,327 609 Hardwoods White oak LETS 10 182 30 251 29 -- Select red oak 5,451 P13 737 857 504 220 136 Other red oak 535 -- 33 12 241 18 -- Hickory 65 -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 1,957 106 135 18 50 17 75 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 1,191 175 4 154 6 12 115 Hard maple 6,877 853 133 890 51 64 527 Soft maple 2,664 294 90 265 71 54 228 Elm 5,158 839 114 297 187 72 385 Ash 2,703 192 111 658 243 142 96 Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 47 -- -- 37 -- 10 -- Bigtooth aspen 9,682 459 121 2,011 819 538 596 Quaking aspen 34 ,064 2,951 339 5,413 1,617 4,745 3,985 Paper birch 5,134 508 28 960 72 301 377 Black walnut 1/ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods— 171 8 21 -- -- -- 2 Total 76 ,817 6,508 2,048 12,202 4,112 6,222 6,522 All species 95 ,403 9,142 2,138 15/5523 SSVI 9,549 ehshh ; (Table 49 continued on next page)
L Includes black cherry and butternut.
(Table 49 continued)
VERO ake eReoul wei COURT YS 0 SU WO Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 125 91 -- 215 -- 685 Red pine 14 216 132 380 241 341 White pine 19 189 152 282 224 112 White spruce -- 85 1 78 23 35 Black spruce -- 62 -- 53 18 34 Balsam fir -- 477 -- 411 246 160 Hem] ock -- 58 15 497 79 -- Tamarack -- 120 7 72 30 2 Northern white-cedar -- 897 -- 31 31 -- Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 158 2,195 307 2,019 892 1,369 Hardwoods White oak 360 22 90 32 41 71 Select red oak 604 362 860 366 348 344 Other red oak 153 -- 28 6 -- 44 Hickory 2 -- 30 -- 33 -- Basswood 113 609 399 222 197 16 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 1 234 94 195 184 17 Hard maple 64 1,799 668 843 834 151 Soft maple 17 602 307 268 386 82 Elm 119 1,637 545 234 689 40 Ash 59 419 272 230 250 31 Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 62 697 306 1,767 634 1,072 Quaking aspen 153 2,893 3,268 4 ,668 2,058 1,974 Paper birch 48 949 471 804 382 234 Black walnut 1/ -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods— 2 75 20 26 14 3 Total ST, 10 ,298 7,358 9,661 6,050 4,079 All species 1,915 12,493 7,665 11,680 6,942 5,448
1 tncludes black cherry and butternut.
Table 50.--Current annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand board feet)i/
All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Be eee 0c a Jack pine 9,315 137 9 2,782 1,645 2,952 -- Red pine 12,770 2,261 66 3,018 883 1,489 691 White pine 9,788 1,570 359 2,185 248 173 572 White spruce 2,656 618 -- 897 -- 52 371 Black spruce 154 38 -- -- -- 6 40 Balsam fir 6,753 1,701 -- 1,562 -- 458 415 Hemlock 643 88 -- 51 -- -- 47 Tamarack 386 100 -- 7 7 -- 3 Northern white-cedar 1,293 49 -- 7 -- -- 38 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 43,758 6,562 434 10 ,509 2,783 5,130 27a Hardwoods White oak 3,934 30 822 95 792 33 -- Select red oak 20 ,781 376 3,258 2,753 1,583 671 549 Other red oak 2,243 -- 104 6 1,014 30 -- Hickory 178 -- 1 -- -- -- -- Basswood 7,003 463 416 92 53 37 280 Beech -- -- =< aia a me am Yellow birch 2,431 419 -- 295 -- 41 329 Hard maple 21,711 2,957 671 2,245 176 222 1,888 Soft maple 6,226 606 154 560 73 67 413 Elm 16,307 355 518 513 223 22 1,370 Ash 4,964 435 409 171 92 67 243 Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 51 -- -- 34 -- 17 -- Bigtooth aspen 30 ,821 996 729 7,810 2,185 1,921 1,541 Quaking aspen 83,522 7,080 980 13,225 3,534 11,008 12,207 Paper birch 5,413 348 47 1,124 203 283 522 Black walnut 2/ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods— 225 19 81 -- 2 -- 4 Total 205 ,810 16 ,844 8,190 28 ,923 9,930 14,419 19 ,346 All species 249 ,568 23,406 8,624 39 432 12,713 19,549 21523 1/ (Table 50 continued on next page)
—International l-inch rule.
2/tncludes black cherry and butternut.
(Table 50 continued)
Le ND TEE OCS On Soh ae Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 160 123 -- 421 -- 1,086 Red pine 66 598 528 1,028 966 1,176 White pine 102 980 775 1.7363 997 464 White spruce -- 220 4 206 57 231 Black spruce -- 15 -- 51 4 -- Balsam fir -- 909 2 820 437 449 Hemlock -- 144 31 103 179 -- Tamarack -- 136 ll 79 39 4 Northern white-cedar -- 151120 -- 29 50 -- Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 328 4,245 135 4,100 2,729 3,410 Hardwoods White oak 1,418 61 258 107 141 177 Select red oak 2,804 1,259 3,453 1,623 1,507 945 Other red oak 809 -- 165 28 -- 87 Hickory -- -- 68 -- 109 -- Basswood 548 2,279 13521 615 614 85 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- 459 218 191 425 54 Hard maple 341 4,913 2,483 2,501 2,846 468 Soft maple 83 1,641 785 581 1,054 209 Elm 554 4,823 2,035 791 2,219 124 Ash 284 L122 721 648 719 53 Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 326 1,653 1,412 5,986 2,891 33 Quaking aspen 682 8,194 8,653 10,153 4,044 3,762 Paper birch 37 760 © 265 985 547 292 Black walnut 2/ -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods— 8 23 26 39 17 6 Total 7,894 CA BF, 22 ,063 24 ,248 L7AV33 9 ,633 All species 8,222 31 ,432 23,414 28 , 348 19 ,862 13 ,043
2/ Includes black cherry and butternut.
Table 51.--Average annual growing-stock removals on commercial forest land by species group and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967-1982
(In thousand cubic feet per year)
80
All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Jack pine 7,009 6 -- 1,138 2,286 2,083 -- Red pine 335 3 -- 162 -- -- 91 White pine 1,261 7 -- 259 80 43 -- White spruce 964 613 -- 156 -- -- 102 Black spruce 690 299 -- 15 -- 128 53 Balsam fir 3,959 1,673 -- 26 -- 407 220 Hemlock 1,805 235 -- 1 -- -- 859 Tamarack 767 38 118 13 -- -- -- Northern white-cedar 590 25 -- 3 65 -- 58 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 17 ,380 2,899 118 TLS 2,431 2,661 1,383 Hardwoods White oak 321 2 -- 1 56 -- -- Select red oak 3,044 3 -- 1,004 349 43 -- Other red oak 79 1 -- -- 75 -- -- Hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 2,484 234 58 262 45 14 -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 1,208 4 -- 50 -- -- 450 Hard maple 5 ,004 1,402 -- 720 -- -- 85 Soft maple 35lt5 374 64 1,238 49 71 74 Elm 4,154 937 -- 65 142 115 74 Ash 2,031 276 -- 778 251 139 -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 22 -- -- 22 -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 9,119 142 104 3:,1'59 1,382 1,637 304 Quaking aspen 19,042 35235 562 3,021 1,193 1,797 1,950 Paper birch 4,889 639 -- 1,896 -- 441 366 Black cherry 116 -- -- -- -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 54 ,628 7,249 788 12,216 3,542 4,257 3,303 All species 72,008 10,148 906 13,989 5,973 6,918 4,686
(Table 51 continued on next page)
(Table 51 continued)
County Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 570 27 ~~ 548 2 349 Red pine ~~ 1 ~~ 2 1 75 White pine 275 3 ~~ 593 1 ~~ White spruce -- 4 ~~ 3 52 34 Black spruce ~~ 27 ~~ 54 12 102 Balsam fir ~~ 114 ~~ 1,344 175 ~~ Hemlock -- 2 ~~ 511 197 ~~ Tamarack ~~ 405 ~~ 27 8 158 Northern white-cedar ~~ 426 ~~ 10 3 ~~ Other softwoods ~~ <-~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ Total 845 1,009 ~~ 3,092 451 718 Hardwoods White oak 237 2 a 1 ~~ 22 Select red oak 1,040 53 259 34 ~+ 259 Other red oak ~~ 2 =~ 1 ~~ ~~ Hickory -~ -- -~ ~~ “~ ~~ Basswood 149 962 222 74 464 ~~ Beech ~~ ~-~ - ~~ ~~ -~ Yellow birch -~ 194 199 135 176 ~~ Hard maple 121 1,184 920 184 388 ~~ Soft maple -- 153 140 188 716 48 Elm 192 959 795 40 835 ~~ Ash ~~ 233 206 49 99 ~~ Cottonwood -~ ~~ <~ -- ~~ ~~ Balsam poplar -- ~~ -~ ~~ ~~ <~ Bigtooth aspen 348 165 ~~ 966 62 850 Quaking aspen ~~ 1,387 157 1,887 1,666 2,187 Paper birch 43 302 426 428 139 209 Black cherry -- 58 -- 40 18 -~ Black walnut ~~ <- ~~ ~~ <~ ~~ Butternut ~~ -- ~~ ~~ -~ ~~ Other hardwoods ~~ <~ <~ -~ ~~ ~~ Total 2,130 5,654 3,324 4,027 4,563 35705
All species 2,975 6,663 3,324 7,119 5,014 4,293
Table 52.--Average annual sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group
and county, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967-1982
(In thousand board feet per year) L/ All County Species group counties Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Softwoods Jack pine 11,362 5 -- 1,539 2,709 2,226 -- Red pine 1,885 -- -- 929 -- -- 524 White pine 6,469 2 -- 1,416 266 -- -- White spruce 3,582 1,795 -- 834 -- -- 518 Black spruce 859 859 -- -- =- -- -- Balsam fir 9,806 3,594 -- 2 -- 1,476 207 Hemlock 6,096 1,065 -- -- -- -- 4,166 Tamarack 2,001 4 638 1 -- -- -- Northern white-cedar 716 3 -- 1 -- -- 231 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 42 ,776 7,327 638 4,722 2,975 3,702 5,646 Hardwoods White oak 553 2 -- -- -- -- -- Select red oak 10,070 1 -- 2,461 269 -- -- Other red oak 340 1 -- -- 336 -- -- Hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 9,019 999 -- 1,499 -- -- -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 4,827 2 -- 281 -- -- 2,609 Hard maple 13,484 4,268 -- 984 -- -- 271 Soft maple 25137 526 -- 540 -- -- -- Elm 16,812 4,483 -- 2 -- 208 381 Ash 4,071 15553 -- 408 ~~ -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 21,740 -- 572 9,546 3,248 -- 1,687 Quaking aspen 42 ,820 7,779 1,846 8,464 178 2,627 2,914 Paper birch 135,332 3,467 -- 6,215 -- 733 654 Black cherry 379 -- -- -- -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 139 ,584 23,081 2,418 30 ,400 5,031 3,568 8,516 All species 182 ,360 30 ,408 3,056 B5t22 8,006 7,270 14,162
(Table 52 continued on next page)
Ti ternational Ya-inch rule.
(Table 52 continued)
eee Aino tee ene res COUNE YS i Ree a Species group Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn Softwoods Jack pine 1,752 79 -- 2,286 2 764 Red pine -- -- -- -- -- 432 White pine 1,611 1 -- 33173 -- -- White spruce -- 3 -- 1 265 166 Black spruce -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam fir -- 256 -- 3,952 319 -- Hemlock -- -- -- -- 865 -- Tamarack -- 1,185 -- 3 1 169 Northern white-cedar -- 480 -- 1 -- -- Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 3,363 2,004 -- 9,416 1,452 LWy53l Hardwoods White oak 548 2 -- 1 -- -- Select red oak 5775 297 992 -- -- 275 Other red oak -- 2 -- 1 -- -- Hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- Basswood 832 2,896 1,259 1 11533 -- Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch -- 365 1,144 1 425 -- Hard maple 704 1,003 3,797 666 1,791 -- Soft maple -- 278 -- 6 787 -- Elm 988 4,496 3,118 3 351/33 -- Ash -- 566 898 12 634 -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar -- -- -- -- -- -- Bigtooth aspen 1,919 293 -- 3,470 340 665 Quaking aspen -- 2,155 303 4,947 4,404 6203 Paper birch -- 10 939 276 597 441 Black cherry -- 379 -- -- -- -- Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- Butternut -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 10,766 12,742 12,450 9,384 13,644 7,584
All species 14,129 14,746 12,450 18 ,800 15,096 OS
Table 53.--Current annual growing-stock and sawtimber removals on commercial forest land by species group, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982
Growing stock Sawtimber Species group 1967 1982 1967 1982 Thousand cubic feet Thousand board feetl/
Softwoods Jack pine 4,978 6,263 10,702 9,315 Red pine 560 4,150 1,739 12,770 White pine 693 2,104 3,466 9,788 White spruce 129 741 832 2,656 Black spruce 145 323 169 154 Balsam fir 1,705 2,921 6,141 6,753 Hemlock 1,204 743 6,036 643 Tamarack 110 323 358 386 Northern white-cedar 40 1,018 112 1,293 Other softwoods -- -- -~ -- Total : 9 564 18 ,586 29,555 43,758
Hardwoods White oak 749 1 St1s 1,695 3,934 Select red oak 3,160 5,451 8,276 20,781 Other red oak 1,168 535 2,363 2,243 Hickory 197 65 365 178 Basswood 3,457 1,957 8,568 7 ,003 Beech == -- -- -- Yellow birch 1,079 1,191 3,912 2,431 Hard maple 6,110 6,877 13,593 2A e/a Soft maple 3,456 2,664 5,514 6,226 Elm 3,166 5,158 8,609 16,307 Ash 3,526 2,703 6,672 4,964 Cottonwood 3 -- 5 -- Balsam poplar 67 47 144 51 Bigtooth aspen 8,360 9,682 23,968 30,821 Quaking aspen 27,657 34 ,064 44,277 83,522 Paper birch 6,661 5,134 11,178 5,413 Black walnut 2/ 1 -- 9 -- Other hardwoods— 287 171 884 225 Total 69,104 76,817 140 ,032 205 ,810 All species 78 ,668 95 ,403 169 ,587 249 ,568
1/tnternational Y-inch rule.
2/ Includes black cherry and butternut.
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Table 55.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1967 and 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
Species 1967 u 1982 Softwoods 7,000 10,298 Hardwoods 28 ,000 38 ,613
Total 35 ,000 48 ,911
Figures have been adjusted from those pub- lished after the 1968 survey to conform to 1982 volumes because of changes in survey procedures.
Table 56.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and cause, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
(In thousand cubic feet)
Cause All Unknown Species group causes Insects Disease Fire Animals Weather Suppression and other Softwoods Jack pine 1,849 37 437 37 6 132 10 1,190 Red pine 42 -- -- -- -- 15 -- 27 White pine 398 -- 49 -- 1 47 -- 301 White spruce 419 1 14 -- -- 9 92 303 Black spruce 251 -- 21 -- -- 98 -- 132 Balsam fir 5,688 716 331 -- 3 1,680 40 2,918 Hemlock 469 1 19 -- 9 47 4 389 Tamarack 930 22 169 -- -- 59 -- 680 Northern white-cedar 252 -- 15 -- iL 120 -- 116 Other softwoods -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total 10,298 VT 1,055 37 20 26.207 146 6,056 Hardwoods White oak 257 -- 30 -- -- 28 21 178 Select red oak 1,619 1 169 14 -- 578 4 853 Other red oak 25101 -- 209 15 -- 139 -- 1,738 Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory 27 -- -- -- -- -- -- 27 Basswood 1,434 10 80 -- 12 85 48 1,199 Beech -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 947 -- 217 -- -- Sih 1 692 Hard maple 1,658 -- 349 -- 53 165 1 1,090 Soft maple 2,365 -- 328 -- 1 333 5 1,698 Elm 2,836 85 1,538 -- 8 52 2 ealey Black ash 974 -- 20 -- 2 93 1 858 White & green ash 116 -- 6 -- -- 11 -- 99 Sycamore -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hackberry -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Balsam poplar 146 -- 23 -- -- -- -- 123 Bigtooth aspen 3,595 19 714 55 11 433 1 2,362 Quaking aspen 18,962 15 3,928 -- 181 2,552 100 12,186 Paper birch 1353 -- 143 -- -- 72 i 137, Black cherry 194 -- 61 -- -- 14 14 105 Black walnut -- -- -- -- -- -- -- a2 Butternut 29 -- -- -- -- 2 -- 27 Other hardwoods == =o 2c ze = ae oe a Total 38 ,613 130 7,815 84 268 4,594 199 25,523
All_ species 48,911 907 8,870 121 288 6,801 345 315579
Table 57.--Annual mortality of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and cause, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
Species group
Softwoods Jack pine Red pine White pine White spruce Black spruce Balsam fir Hemlock Tamarack
Northern white-cedar
Other softwoods Total
Hardwoods White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood Beech Yellow birch Hard maple Soft maple Elm Black ash
White & green ash
Sycamore Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut Other hardwoods
Total All species
1 international
All causes
1,800 157 1,590 794 95 8,939 1,935 793 802
Insects
(In thousand board feet)—
Disease
Suppression
Unknown and other
1,010 ral 1,045 734
3 5,049 1,581 696 449
68 4,150
16,905
480 2,404 1,244
13 2,526 2,685 2,218 2,038 7,310
974
236
24,658 664 23
10
10,638
286 1,487 868
6 1,980 1,923 1,188 1,312 2,750 828 214
54,902
71,807
Ya-inch rule.
14,545 16,426
1/
Cause Animals Weather 20 569 -- 86 4 300 -- 7 -- 88 6 2,646 33 210 -- 6 5 238 3 38 -- 554 -- 136 38 261 -- 127 6 427 -- 359 25 202 -- 127 -- 5 42 1,887 140 4,406 -- 63 254 8,592 322 12,742
31,184 41 ,822
87
Table 58.--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by county and softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
County
Ashland Barron Bayfield Burnett Douglas Iron Polk Price Rusk Sawyer Taylor Washburn
All counties
All species
Growing stock
So ftwoods Hardwoods
6,278 1,524 7,659 Sil 5,132 3,283 2,283 5,057 3,368 4,941 2,874 3)5:235
48 ,911
1/tnternational Y-inch rule.
2,981 5 1,683 428 1,210 710 56 1,302 178 731 527 487
10,298
35297, L519 5,976 2,849 35922 2 O13 Zee, 35/55 3,190 4,210 2,347 2,748
38 ,613
Sawtimber All species Softwoods Hardwoods - - - Thousand board feetl/ - --- 8,704 2,862 5,842 2,508 ll 2,497 10,857 3,142 7,715 4,392 712 3,680 7,090 2,120 4,970 5,829 1,819 4,010 2,874 36 2,838 8,933 3,279 5,654 4,522 374 4,148 7,984 1,349 6,635 3,966 638 3,328 4,148 563 3,585 71,807 16,905 54,902
Table 59.--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1982
Ownership class
National Forest Miscellaneous federal State
County and municipal Indian
Forest industry Farmer
Misc. private-corp. Misc. private-indiv.
All owners
88
All species
8,289 45 1,509 10,439 1,235 B71 4,630 2,268
16,719
48 ,911
1/tnternational lm-inch rule.
Growing stock
Softwoods
4,650 241 1,774 173 800 381 205 2,074 10,298
Hardwoods
Thousand cubic feet - - - -
14,645 38 613
All species
- - - Thousand board feet—
11,949 85
2,641 15,023 2,400 5 846 7,034 3,427 23,402 71,807
Sawtimber
So ftwoods
5,241 498 4,093 647 Lol 611 350
3,734 16,905
Ha 1/
rdwoods
6,708
85 2,143 10,930 ILA TASSS) 4,115 6,423 3,077 19,668
54,902
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Table 65.--All live tree biomass by species group and tree biomass component, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
Species group Softwoods
Jack pine
Red pine
White pine
White spruce
Black spruce
Balsam fir
Hemlock
Tamarack
Northern white-cedar Other softwoods
Total
Hardwoods
Al
96
White oak Select red oak Other red oak Select hickory Other hickory Basswood
Beech
Yellow birch Hard maple
Soft maple
Elm
Black ash
White & green ash Sycamore Cottonwood Willow Hackberry Balsam poplar Bigtooth aspen Quaking aspen Paper birch Black cherry Black walnut Butternut
Other hardwoods Noncommercial species
Total 1 species
All components
13 Os 150, 7,670,054 6,111,859 4,320 ,786 3559325999
17,726,420 3,893 ,860 3,693,670 5,114,620
13,187
6,403 ,223 26 ,674 ,786 4,439,817 817,493 16,269,470 8,478,941 45 ,549 ,439 37 ,001 , 328 9,314,813 14 ,093 ,907 4,546 ,973 822
35 ,790 472,205 13,047 ,344 47 ,334 ,734 25,137,267 2,177,195 8,023
438 ,907 125137. 3,592 ,939
265 ,847 ,553 331 ,682 ,758
(In green tons)
All live
l- to 5-inch
trees
2,176,670 693 ,034 307 ,812 434 ,498
2,204 , 380
5,120,100
69,132
1,103,072
626 ,940
12,735,638
574 ,364 1,283 ,896 151,914 141 ,516 799 ,378 739,138 7,526,665 9,409 ,836 679 ,829 2,351 ,888 293'5759
822
101 ,923 915 ,895 6,074 ,439 3,161,542 321 ,896
29 ,573
34 ,518 269 47,253,907
Biomass component
Growing stock
Boles
7,609 ,521 4,814,788 3,721,056 2,686 ,586 848 ,692 8,557 ,069 2,207 ,338 1,694 ,892 2,366 ,040 9,279
34,515,261
65 ,835 ,205
3,050 ,691 15,676 ,248 1,709,730 400 ,189 9,784 ,105 3.269 ,882 20,104,517 14,599 ,455 5,089 ,631 7,407 ,553 2,669,745
5,789
230 ,089 7,694 ,142 24,590,710 13,758 ,213 694 ,705
169 ,276 4,141
130 ,908 ,811 165 ,424 ,072
Tops and limbs
3,238 ,214 2,074 ,267 1,606 ,336 1,119,050 353 ,822 SOS Sif 933,004 711,979 965 ,276 3,908
14 542 ,993
1,264 ,699 6,642 ,616
714,336
170,105 4,145 ,454 153677331 8,515 ,846 6,202 ,839 2 f17 OU9 3097 5957 1,135,504
2,409
98 ,935 3,341,992 10,576 ,858 5,851,178 296 ,074 71,989 V5725
55,614 ,866 70,157,859
Cull
Tops and
Boles limbs 526 ,304 207 ,041 61,522 26 ,443 332 ,663 143,992 62 , 363 18,289 107 ,764 18,341 396 ,637 115,477 486 ,729 197 ,657 134,524 49 ,203 840 ,452 315,912 2,948 ,958 1,092 ,355 1,102,011 411,458 Cle Si SW) 896 ,509 1,358 ,236 505 ,601 80 ,743 24,940 1,100,584 439 ,949 2,250 ,602 851 ,988 6,804 ,001 2,598 ,410 5 ,004 ,810 1,784 , 388 1,031,080 397 ,254 948 ,355 288 ,154 352 ,189 135 ,780 21,234 6,358 28 ,816 12,442 783,444 311,871 4,338 ,066 1,754 ,661 1,739,463 626 ,871 617,720 246 ,800 5,616 2,407 117,908 50,161 4,433 1,838 3,351 ,062 241 ,877 33,215 ,890 11,589,717 36 ,164 ,848 12,682 ,072
Table 66.--Sampling errorst/ for estimates smaller than the Unit totals of volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land, Northwest Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
Sampling Commercial Growing stock error forest land Inventory Growth Removals Thousand Percent acres - - - -Thousand cubic feet- - - - 1 677.8 11,945 ,209 828,191 19,045 ,163 2 169.4 2,986 ,302 207 ,048 4,761,291 3 Uses} 1,327 ,245 92,021 2,116,129 4 42.4 746 ,576 51,762 1,190 ,323 5 ioe 477 ,808 33,128 761,807 10 6.8 119,452 8,282 190 ,452 15 3.0 53 ,090 3,681 84 ,645 20 Ve 29 ,863 2,070 47 ,613 25 ital 19,112 1,325 30,472 50 0.3 4,778 331 7,618 100 0.1 1,195 83 1,905 1/
—At the 68-percent probability level.
2/ international Y-inch rule.
Sawtimber
Inventory Growth
Removals
2/
fects 242
67,150,869 5,948,281 16,787,717 =1,487,070 7,461 ,208 660 ,920 4,196 ,929 371 ,768 2,686 ,035 237,931
671,509 59 ,483 298 ,448 26 ,437 167 ,877 14,871 107 ,441 9517 26 ,860 25379 6,715 595
Table 67.--Sampling errors for county totals of growing-stock volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land, Northwest
Unit, Wisconsin, 1983
(Percent of estimate)
Commercial
County forest land Inventory Ashland 1.16 4.29 Barron 2.07 9.10 Bayfield 0.96 3.74 Burnett 1.46 6.155 Douglas 1.04 4.68 Iron 1.34 5.20 Polk 1.75 7.53 Price 1.11 5.01 Rusk 137. Seal Sawyer 1.06 4.28 Taylor 1.38 5.78 Washburn 1.44 6.05
All counties 0.36 1.50
w% U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1984-766-460/10006
Growing stock
Growth Removals 6.07 41.01 14.75 85.50 5.24 38.07 9.53 69.60 6.24 78.36 7.80 58.73 132 60.03 6.88 56.62 7.94 63.96 5.98 47.66 Tshil. 58.11 8.62 74.74 2.10 16.29
76,363,039 19,090 ,760 8,484 ,782 4,772,690 3,054 ,522 763,630 339 ,391 190 ,908 122,181 30,545 7,636
97
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Smith, W. Brad.
Timber resource of Wisconsin’s Northwest Survey Unit, 1983. Resour. Bull. NC-73. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1984. 97 p.
The fourth inventory of the timber resource of the Northwest Wisconsin Survey Unit shows a 1.8 percent decline in commercial forest area and a 36 percent gain in growing-stock volume between 1968 and 1983. Presented are highlights and statistics on area, volume, growth, mortality, removals, utilization, and biomass.
KEY WORDS: Statistics, area, volume, growth, mortality, and removals.