WSr LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN F453X no. \-Z\ The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS UBIUliT AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN DEC 18 DEC 18 1936 iO<»C APR 17 W*i JUN03 m JUN0 1 1<92 L161— O-1096 TOBACCO Leaflets 15-19 24 Plates BY B. Laufer, a. B. Lewis, R. Linton, and J. A. Mason FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHICAGO 1924 CONTENTS References are to pagination at foot of page Page Use of Tobacco among North American Indians by Ralph Linton 1 Use of Tobacco in Mexico and South America by J. Alden Mason 29 Use of Tobacco in New Guinea and Neighboring Regions by Albert B. Lewis ....... 45 Tobacco and Its Use in Asia by Berthold Laufer . . 67 The Introduction of Tobacco into Europe by Berthold Laufer 97 Introduction and Early Cultivation of Tobacco in England 99 The Great Tobacco Controversy in England . .118 Use of Tobacco in England 129 Tobacco in France, Portugal, Spain, and Italy . . 144 Tobacco in Central and Northern Europe . . . 153 Tobacco in Russia and Turkey 155 Books Recommended 162 III INDEX TO LEAFLETS 15-19 References are to pagination at foot of pagre Africa, earth-pipe in, 88; water- pipe in, 83. Ainu, burial of tobacco-boxes among, 73; tobacco ordeal of, 74. Akbar, his first acquaintance with tobacco, 68-70. Alaska, elbow pipe in, 10, 20. Algonquians, pipes of, 18. America, distribution of smoking methods in, 8. Amur country, tobacco in, 71, 72. Argentina, pipes of, 38. Asia, cigarette in, 75; distribu- tion of cigar in, 74; tobacco in, 57-95. , Aubrey J., 113, 131. Australia, tobacco in, 52. Aztec, pipe of, 34. Back-scratcher, combined with pipe, 78. Bacon F., 111. Bags, for tobacco, of North Ameri- can Indians, 22. Baillard E., 142. Barclay W., Ill, 128. Benzoni, 33, 42. Bermudas, tobacco cultivated in and exported to England, 114. Blackfoot, cultivation of tobacco by, 7. Blount T. P., 141. Bone, pipe of, 77; snuff-bottle of, 95. Botel Tobago, tobacco unknown on, 74. Briar pipe, 132. Buchanan G., 149. Butler N., 115. Buttes H., 107, 135. Byron, 143. California, pipes of, 10, 12. Calumet, symbolism of, 24; use of, 25-27. Camden W., 106. Canaster, 115. Canton, snuff of, 89; water-pipes of, 86. Catherine de Medici, 145, 149. Catlinite, 16. Cayuga, tobacco cultivation by, 3. Cermonies, attending smoking, of North American Indians, 23. Ceylon, tobacco in, 70. Cheroot, 76. Chewing, in Asia, 87; in Australia, 138; in England, 138-142; in Mexico, 39, 138; in New Guinea, 45, 147; in North America, 2, 21; in South America, 39; in West Indies, 138; of cocoa, 2. China, cultivation of tobacco in, 61; introduction of tobacco into, 58; snuff in, 88-90. Chippewa, pipes of, 13, 15. Cigar, distribution of, in Asia, 74; in America, 9, 31; in Brazil, 98, 145; in England, 142; in Italy, 153; in Spain, 151. Cigarette, distribution of, in Asia, 75; in America, 9, 33, 34; in England, 143; in New Britain, 53; in New Guinea, 47. Clay pipe, in England, 131, 133; of North American Indians, 12, 14, 15. Cliff Dwellers, pipes of, 11. Clusius, 130, 151. Coca, 2, 39. Colombia, snuff-taking in, 41. Columbus, his first contact with tobacco, 31. Counterblaste, analysis of, 122- 125. Covel, 159. Crescenzio, 153. Crow, Tobacco Society of the, 7. Cuba, cigar of, 31. Davies J., 119. De Serres O., 146, 148. De Thevenot, 158. Deacon J., 129. Dekker, 121, 134, 136. Disk pipe, 20. Drake F., 105. Dudley R., 110. Durante C, 162. Earth-pipe, American Indian, 9; in Asia, 87. Egypt, water-pipe in, 83. Elbow pipe, in Mexico, 20, 36 38: in North America, 13, 14; in South America, 38. England, chewing in, 138-142; cigar and cigarette in, 142, 143; cultivation of tobacco in, 103, 105, 110, 113, 116, 117; impor- tation of tobacco into, 114, 115; introduction of tobacco into, 99- 107; pipe-smoking in, 129-135; snuff in, 135-138; tobacco con- troversy in, 118-129; tobacco imported from, into Russia, 156; into Turkey, 157. Eskimo, pipe of, 20. Flanders, tobacco cultivated in, 111. Florida, smoking by natives of, 100; tobacco introduced into England from, 100, 101; tobacco introduced into Portugual from, 145. Formosa, cigar in, 74, 75; intro- duction of tobacco into, 76; 81; opium-smoking in, 80; pipes of, 81. Frampton J., 118, 121, 146. France, introduction of tobacco into, 144; snuff imported into China from, 88. Fu-kien, peculiar method of smok- ing in, 77; tobacco introduced into, 58. Gaffarel P., 147. Gardiner E., 128, 139. Gent J. W., 116. Gerard J., 99, 110, 130, 139. Germany, tobacco cultivated in, 111, 154. Gohorry J., 149. Goldsmith 0., 137. Guiana, tobacco of, imported into England, 114. Haddon, 51. Hakluyt R., 105. Harrison W., 102. Hearne T., 140. Henbane, 103, 104. Hentzner P., 131. Hidatsa, cultivation of tobacco by, 4-6. Holinshed R., 119. Hooka, 82. Howes E., 100-102. Illinois, pipes of, 12. India, introduction of tobacco into, 67; snuff in, 94; water- pipe in, 82. Ireland, snuff in, 135, 136. Iroquois, pipes of, 14. Italy, introduction of tobacco into, 152. Ivory, dishes for snuff of, 91; in opium-pipe, 80; in water-pipe, 86; tobacco-pipes of, 78. Jahangir, prohibition of tobacco by, 70. James I, 107, 122-127, 133. Japan, early use of cigarette in, 76; introduction of tobacco into, 57. Java, introduction of tobacco into, 67; opium-smoking in, 79. Jonson, Ben, 120, 121, 130. Karen, cigar among, 74. Kemp W., 140. Kickapoo, tobacco cultivation by, 4. Kinnikinnick, 8. Korea, cigar in, 74; introduction of tobacco into, 66; pipes of, 79. Lan-chou, water-pipe and water- tobacco of, 84. Las Casas, 42, 97. VI Licking, of tobacco, 39. Liebaut J., 118, 146. Lilly W., 119. Liquidambar, 8, 35. Lunka, 75. Luzon, cigar in, 74; pipes in, 80, 81. Madagascar, water-pipe in, 83. Malayans.^ chewinp:- . '..mong, 87 ; cigars and cigarette among, 75. Manchu, pipes of, 78. Mattioli P., 104, 152. Melanesian Islands, tobacco in, 52. Mexico, pipe of, 20; smoking cus- toms of, 35; tobacco-chewing in, 138. Misocapnus, 125. Moliere, 149. Monardes N., 43, 118, 121, 138, 151. Monitor pipes, 17. Monk, General, 141. Mortars, for crushing tobacco, in North America, 22. Neander J., 82, 148, 154. New Britain, tobacco in, 52. New Guinea, tobacco in, 45. Nicot J., 118, 145-148. Nicotiana quadrivalvis, 3, 4. Nicotiana rustica, called English tobacco, 108; distribution of, in China, 60; in America, 3; intro- duced into England, 100, 101; introduced into France, 148; in- troduced into Italy, 152. Nicotiana suaveolens, 52, 138. Nicotiana tabacum, cultivation of in China, 61; first English de- scription of by W. Harrison, 103; in America, 2, 29; intro- duced into France, 147; intro- duced into Italy, 152; intro- duced into Virginia, 105. Micotiane, 146. >Jorway, tobacco in, 154. Dhio mounds, pipes of, 17. )maha, sacred pipe of, 20. )pium-pipe, 79, 80. )sborne T., 72, 156. Ostyak, burial of pipe r.id tobacco among, 73; smoking oy, 72. Panama, smoking customs of, 32. Paraguay, pipes of, 38. Parkinson J., 99, 108, 139. Peking, snuff of, 88, 89. Pepys S., 140. Persia, introduction of tobacco into, 71; water-pipe of, 82. Peru, snuff in, 42. Petun, 32, 145, 148. Philippines, pipes in, 80. Phillips H., 106, 159. Pipe-stems, of North American Indians, 19. Pipe-stone, 16. Pipe Tampers, of North American Indians, 22. Plains Indians, pipes of, 12, 18. Pope A., 137. Portugal, introduction of tobacco into, 145, 151. Portuguese, snuff introduced into into India by, 94; tobacco intro- duced into India by, 67; tobacco introduced into Japan by, 58. Potawatomi, tobacco cultivation by, 4. Pouches, Chinese, 79. Pueblo tribes, cigarette among, 9; pipes of, 11. Pyne J., 134. Raleigh, Walter, 102, 107-110. Russia, tobacco iii, 155-157. Rych B., 112. Sandys G., 157. Santa Croce P., 152. Sauk, tobacco cultivation by, 4. Scotland, snuff in, 135. Scott W., 137. Shakespeare, 121. Shanghai, new type of water-pipe of, 86; snuff of, 88. Shan-tung, snuff of, 89. Siam, chewing in, 87; cigarette in, 76. Siberia, tobacco in, 71, 156. vn Smoking accessories, of North American Indians, 22. Smoking mixtx'res, in North Ameri- ca, 8. Smollett, 141. Smutchin, 136. Sneeshing, 136. SnufF, distribution of, in Asia, 88; in China, 88-90; in England, 135; in France, 150; in India, 94; in South America, 40; in Tibet, 94, 95. Snuff-bottles, Chinese, 90-94; Tibe- tan, 95. Snuffing tubes, 41. Solomon Islands, use of tobacco in, 53. Spain, introduction of tobacco into, 151. Spenser E., 118. Sweden, tobacco in, 154. Sylvester J., 128. Ta-t'ung, pipe of, 77. Terry E., 67, 68, 84. Thackeray, 132. Thevet A., 97, 144-148. Tibet, pipe in, 77; snuff and snuff- bottles in, 94, 95. Tobacco, meaning of word, 31. Tobacco-box, in old England, 134, 136; of W. Raleigh, 109. Tomahawk pipe, 21. Tornabuoni N., 152. Trichies, 75. Trinidad, tobacco of, 110, 120, 122. Tubular pipe, of Mexico, 34, 152; oi Pueblo tribes, 11. Turkey, tobacco in, 157-160. Varina, tobacco of, 115. Venezuela, snuff in, 41; tobacco of, 115. Venner T., 129. Virginia, early trade-pipes in, 21; Nicotiana tabacum introduced into, 105; tobacco of, 111, 114. Wafer L., 32. Wallace A. R., 46. Walrus ivory, used in Chinese to- bacco-pipes, 78. Water-pipe, in China, 84-86; in India, 82; in Persia, 82, 83; in Russia and Germany, 155, 156. Wilson G. L., 4. Women, smoking by, 134. Yami, tobacco unknown to, 74. Yiin-nan, pipe of, 77. vm