\> J-A/3&2/& TRANSACTIONS JLl^L'EJEijXGJsJIsr ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 4? VOL XXVI. HALL OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, LOGAN SQUARE. 1899-1900. PRESS OF P. C. STOCKHAUSEN. PHILADELPHIA. LIST OK PAPERS. PAGE Ashmead, William H. Classification of the Bees, or the Superfamily Apoidea. 49 Banks, Nathan. New genera and species of Nearctic Neuropteroid Insects 239 Bassett, H F. New species of North American Cynipidce . . .310 Fall, H. C. Revision of the Lathridiidae of Boreal America . . 101 Hayward, Roland. A Study of the species of Tachys of Boreal America . 191 Hunter, W. D. A Catalogue of the Diptera of South America, Part I, Bibliography and Nemocera ....'. 260 Skinner, Henry, M.D. Revision of the American species of the genus Cceno- nympha ......... 299 Smith, John B. Contributions towards a Monograph of the Noetuidse of Boreal America — Revision of the genus Hydroe- cia Gn. ......... 1 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY VOLUME XXVI. CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE NOCTUID.E OF BOREAL NORTH AMERICA. REVISION OF THE GENUS HYDRCECIA Gn. BY JOHN B. SMITH, SC. D. Hydrcecia was first used by Guenee in 1857, in his Essay on the Classification of the Noctuidse, and was applied in a more extended way in the Species General, in 1852. In the latter publication mtcacea was designated as the generic type, and in this sense Lederer defined it more accurately in 1857. Later European writers have in general followed this precedent, and after some shiftings between Apamea and Gortyna, Mr. Grote finally followed their example for our American species. Gortyna was proposed by Ochsenheimer in 1816, but not very sharply limited, the type being the European flavago. Hiibner at about the same time used Oehriu for the same species, and Mr. Grote for a time used this term for some of our American forms, which he considered congeneric with the European species. Guenee used the term Gortyna for the type species of Oehriu and for a number of others, among them several Americans — and he was followed by Walker. Lederer pointed out the difference in clypeal structure between Hydrcecia Gn. and Gortyna Ochs., and sharply defined the two genera. Omitting the matter specifically, referring to the European spe- cies, Lederer's characterization is as follows : Moderate, plump species, the primaries also sharp pointed, the TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (1) MAY, 1899. 2 JOHN B. .SMITH. secondaries somewhat produced at the apex and a little retracted between veins 4 and (>. Front and palpi with short woolly ves- titure, the latter hiding the obtuse little terminal joint of the palpus. Thorax convex, with a sharp crest behind the collar and a trunca- ted tuft posteriorly. Abdomen plump, in the male truncate at tip, in the female pointed; without tufts or with only a few divergent hairs on the first segment. Tongue spiral. Eyes naked. Antenna? thick, in the male with brushdike cilise and either smooth or with pyramidal teeth. Legs short and thick. Front without projections or similar modifications. Strictly construed this definition excludes more than half of our species, which are yet not referable to Gortyna because of the unarmed front. The truth is, Mr. Grote realized that the were two divisions without quite hitting the essential difference between them. What may be called. the first section contains species which agree with the characters above given by Lederer and of which atlantim and immanis of our fauna may he considered representatives. The second section, for which the term Papaipema is proposed, consists of those species with broader primaries, the apex acute, the outer margin a little excavated below it and then bulging out at the middle. The male antenme are simple and the anterior thoracic tuft is broad, transversely flattened, very prominent and usually a little notched centrally. It resembles in appearance an adze set up just behind the collar. Accompanying these points of difference is a very decided peculiarity of the male gentalia, for, while in Hydroeda proper there is nothing especially characteristic, nearly all the species of Papaipema have the harpes more or less forked and with a triangular patch of spinulated surface at the tip. The clasper is in almost all cases a long, stout, curved hook ; but is unique in having the outer curve strongly toothed. This character is so unusual and so constant that it becomes important, especially in combination with the superficial peculiarities already mentioned. The section Hydrxcia, as represented in our fauna, is not particu- larly compact, and is easily divisible into sections containing from one to three specie-. Albilunata and v-album differ from all the other species by the obtuse and rather short, broad primaries, which, as the species are compactly built, give them a heavier appearance than usual. The anterior thoracic tuft is somewhat loose and rather divided than AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 6 crested. Albilunata is a pale, reddish luteous species from the West, in which the reniform is a slender white lunule. The median lines are even, slender and whitish. V-album is an eastern and southern species, of a rich, deep wine red or brown, the median lines slender, irregular and brown, and the reniform outlined inferiorly in white, so as to form 11 V or U, from which the name is derived. These two species have nothing in common except the general wing-form and build, and in the structure of the male genitalia they differ entirely. In albilunata there is an oblique, broad harpe fringed at the tip by a row of spinules. There are two claspers; one of them toward the base very strongly curved, so as to form almost a semicircle ; the other much longer, stouter, only a little curved and reaching almost to the end o he harpe. There is nothing inconsistent with the general tend of genital structure in this. In u-album the harpes are very broad at the base, forming almost a square plate, which abruptly narrows to half its width and terminates in a drawnout inferior angle. The clasper is a very broad, short process, narrowing rapidly to an acute tip, situated at the point where the harpe is suddenly narrowed. None other of the species in this series has a similar structure. Velata forms a section by itself, with its narrow, pointed prima- ries, which have the outer margin distinctly scalloped. In color it is a deep, smoky brown, somewhat mottled, and the ordinary spots are narrowly outlined by pale scales — a unique character in the genus, by which this species may be at all times recognized. The male genitalia are hadeniform in type, the harpes rather abruptly bent, the tip somewhat broadened and fringed with spinules. There is a slender, straight, pointed process at about the middle; but the main clasper is a large, stout, blunt corneous hook, which is only a little curved and twisted and reaches beyond the tip of the harpes. Three species, which have in the past been considered as identical with the European nictitans, agree in trigonate pointed primaries, which are in general a shade of brick-red and in which the outer margin is even. In general maculation all are alike, having all the usual lines and spots, and none of them strongly contrasting. The lines are a deeper shade of red brown and the t. p. is geminate ; the inner portion crenulate or lunate, the outer even. The ordinary spots may be yellow, white or concolorous within the limits of the same species; but there are no other white shadings. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899. 4 JOHN B. SMITH. Id the common eastern species there is no one prominent feature, and the secondaries are reddish or smoky. This, from its general locality, I have called atlantica; but as a matter of fact it extends to the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. This is the species which most resembles the European nictitans, but the sexual pieces of the male differ completely. Pacifica is so called from the fact that all of the examples seen by me comes from the Western Coast States, ranging from California to Vancouver. It seems to be less common than its eastern ally and is a little more brightly shaded. None of the examples seen by me have the ordinary spots white; but all of them have the angulated median shade well marked or even prominent. The secondaries are yellowish or purplish red and somewhat silky, quite different from the eastern examples. Finally, the primaries are somewhat shorter and broader, giving the species a stouter, chunkier appearance. Interoceanica occurs, so far, only in the region about Winnipeg, Manitoba, but will probably be found north and west of that point. It may also extend southward into the United States; but I have no material from the border States. In wing form this is more like nictitans, but in color it is much darker, the secondaries being almost blackish. In the specimens before me the reniform is white ; but this may not be a uniform character. These three species I would hardly have dared to separate from nictitans had it not been for the differences in structure in the male genitalia ; but these are so radical that specific identity is out of the question. In the European nictitans the harpes are bent at the middle, forming a long trigonate tip, which is partly fringed and partly set with spines. There are two clasper-like corneous processes, but so irregular that verbal description is difficult. Reference should be had to pi. 1, fig. 7. Atlantica has the harpes almost even throughout and only a little curved at the middle; the tip is rounded and fringed with spines, except at the inferior angles, while some distance within the tip is a triangular patch of densely set spines, which is found in no other species. The clasper is a very long, curved and somewhat twisted hook, which arises from a chitinous ridge within the middle. Pacifica has the harpes decidedly shorter and more abruptly bent, forming a triangular tip that is elevated above the usual portion. The upper half of the tip is fringed with spinules. The clasper AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. arises from the depressed basal portion, is abruptly bent and tapers to a long acute tip, extending somewhat beyond the lower angle of the tip of the harpes. Interoceanica has moderately curved, rather narrow harpes, which are dilated to form a broad curved tip, in which the lower angle is acute and the upper is obtusely cut. The tip is fringed with spines for its full extent, and there is a triangular patch extending in from the lower angle which is also densely spinulated. The clasper is a very short, slightly curved, stout, cylindrical claw, with an obtusely truncated tip. It will be seen, therefore, that there is no lack of structural characters to separate all these species, however much they may be superficially alike. Juvenilis is a smaller species than those just described and with even narrower wings. In color it is a rather bright clay yellow, with all the usual markings evident. The median lines are single, the t. p. crenulated and not followed by an even outer shade. The median shade line is angulated and very distinct. The size and color easily mark the species, and the sexual structure is equally distinctive. The harpes are moderate in width, a broad, rather obtuse process being sent out inferiorly. The tip is not specially modified and has only a few longer, stiff hairs. There are two claspers : one of them arises near to the middle, is broad at base, semi-cylindrical and tapers to an acute point. It is only a little curved and extends more than half-way to the tip. The other is much shorter, but more curved, cylindrical, stout, rather obtusely tipped and arises close to the tip of the harpes. Immanis, stramentosa and obliqua differ from all the preceding by the presence of a pale shade following the t. p. line. The latter is single or, if the outer portion is indicated, the pale shade forms the included space. Besides this pale shade there is no prominent maculation, though all the lines and spots are outlined ; but there is a tendency to darken the median space. The European micacea belongs in this series, and our American representative is immanis, which is larger though otherwise closely resembling its foreign ally. Immanis is the largest species in this series and it shows the least contrasts. In color it is a dull earthy brown, hardly darker in the median space, and with the t. p. line about parallel with the outer margin. The harpes of the male are very broad at base, abruptly bent above and narrowed from below toward a somewhat lappet- like tip, which has a rather sparse fringe of spinules. There is a TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1H99. D JOHN B. SMITH. long, curved, semicylindrieal clasper with regular edges, starting near the middle of the upper margin and curved so a* to reach the inferior angle of the tip of the harpe. Two small, supplementary claspers arise nearer the inferior margin, beyond the origin of the larger structure. Stramerdosa is almost as large, with essentially the same mark- ings, hut entirely different coloring. The ground is a pale clay yellow, the costal region shaded with reddish to the t. p. line, while the other shadings, especially the outer third of the median space, aie distinctly olivaceous. The insect reminds me strongly of a Cosmia. In a general way the male characters resemble those of immanis, but the bent part of the harpe is much narrower, the tip much smaller, with rounded angles, while the single clasper is much stouter basally and has even edges. Obliqua is distinctly smaller, the median space is always darker than the rest of the wing, and sets off the very oblique t. p. line and its accompanying whitish shade. The outer margin of the prima- ries is also more oblique than in the preceding, though not so much as the t. p. line. The harpes in the male are much as in immanis, but the tip is decidedly broader. There are two small, corneous claspers, of which that nearest to base is beak-like, and that nearer to the tij) is cylindrical, pointed and twisted. Medialis intensifies the contrasts of the preceding species; but the male antennae are distinctly bristle tufted, the joints serrated The ordinary markings are much less defined ; but essentially as in obliqua. The harpes in the male narrow abruptly from below to form a triangular tip, which ends almost squarely, and is fringed with spinules, except at the lower angle. There is a beak-like clasper with a broad base at the narrowest part; its point extending to the end of the inferior angle of the tip of the harpe. Another small, obtuse, cylindrical process arises nearer to the middle. Pallescens is yet more contrasting, but with a wash of white over the whole primary, which gives a peculiar dead shade to the coloring. The male an tenure are decidedly more strongly serrated, and the bristle tufting is more obvious than in the preceding species. The genitalia are much like those of medialis, but the clasper arises near the middle of the harpes and extends to the lower angle of the tip. It is very broad at base, semicylindrieal and with regular edges. A small, cylindrical, somewhat club-shaped process arises within the cavity at the base of the main clasper. AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 7 Senilis resembles the last preceding two species in the serrated and bristle-tufted antennae; but in little else. The ground color is a peculiar, dull, rusty brown, on which the slightly darker lines trace out the usual maculation. In all essentials we have the maculation of nictatans (atlantica) with the color of Pachnobia littoralis, for which this species might be at first mistaken. The harpes of the only male before me are broken at the tip, but the main clasper is large, semicylindrical, very broad at base and tapering to an acute tip ; the margins irregular. At the base of this is a small, pointed, beak-like process. Serrata differs from all its allies in the well-pectinated antenna? of the male. It is bright yellowish red-brown in color, with all the ordinary spots white and contrastiug. It thus resembles, superfi- cially, the species of the next series ; but the wing form is not as described for that, nor does it have the characteristic thoracic tuft. Its antennal structure, combined with the ornamentation, will always identify the species. The male characters resemble in general those of juvenilis. The harpes are almost parallel, the tips obtuse and not specially modified. There is a long, stout and slightly curved clasper arising within the middle of the harpe and extending more than half way to its tip, to a point where a second broad, short, obtuse process arises near the lower margin. The species of Papaipema are more closely allied, tho' several of them separate off easily. It is in this series, and particularly in the species allied to rati In, that confusion has occurred in collections. Just what the distinctive characters are no one seemed to know : several names in the lists were not represented by specimens in any collection, and the range of variation was in doubt. It was assumed to be great, because of what was known of nitela and nebris, and of the forms of nietitans. Thus it came that two species were associated under rutila and two under marginidens. The latter species was often named limpida, and this was due to the fact that it was so named in the Graef collec- tion, from which I obtained my first names in the Noctuidse. The name remained on my examples, from which determinations were made for others, until I saw the type in the British Museum ami called attention to the matter in the catalogue. It appears now that our species are much more constant than has been supposed and that there is really very little variation. Cerina is readily distinguished by its lemon yellow ground color TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1899. 8 JOHN B. SMITH. and brown mottlings, which are scattered basally, but fill almost all beyond the t. p. line. The sexual pieces of the male are not quite like the type of the scries: the harpes bend abruptly to form a nar- row tip, which is set with hair rather than spinules; but the clasper is as described and set with teeth like a file. Inqticesita and upeciosissima have the t. p. line geminate and even, both parts being almost equally distinct. The median shade line is rather prominent and distinctly angulated near the middle of the wing. The veins are all dusky and this, with the fact that the angle of the t. p. line is obtuse and formed near the middle of the wing, give I he species a characteristic appearance. Inqua situ is rather a small species in which the ordinary spots are rarely white. The reniform is rather feebly marked, the orbicular is round or ovate, and the claviform is of the usual decumbent ovate form. Speciosissima is much larger — one of the largest in the genus — and in all the specimens I have seen the ordinary spots are white, upright and linear. Even the claviform is of this unusual shape; hence the species should be an easily recognizable one. Rigida is pale, straw yellow to the t. p. line, beyond which it is purplish brown, except at the apex, which is also yellow. In form of the t. p. line it agrees with harrisii. In six species besides rigida the t. p. line on the primaries runs outwardly from its inception on the costa through the costal cell; then bends sharply on the subcostal and runs evenly and obliquely to the hind margin. Harrisii, verona and purpurifascia are red or red-brown species. Nitela, nelita and necopina are mouse-gray. Harrisii has both parts of the t, p. line present, the inner being even and parallel with the outer, which is not fasciate. The space beyond the t. p. line is strongly shaded with purplish, except at the apex, and this shade sometimes extends over the entire wing. The ordinary spots are usually white. Verona is a smaller and more brightly colored species with the markings as before, except that only the s. t. space is at all shaded with purplish. The ordinary spots are as before. Purpurifascia has the inner portion of the t. p. line obsolete or very faint, while the outer is broad, distinct and developed into a real purplish band or fascia. This purplish shade usually extends through the s. t. space and may include the terminal space as well, AMERICAN LEFIDOPTERA. 9 leaving only the apex free. The orbicular and claviform are usually white. The reniform is marked by white margining spots which are sometimes absent. Nitela is the first of the mouse-gray species and is a somewhat variable form. The t. p. line is always distinct, accompanied by a whitish line, beyond which a pale cloud extends a variable distance ; but the line itself is not so abruptly beut as in the brown species. In all cases the line is evenly oblique or almost rigid, and in many instances it seems to run directly into the costa ; but not infrequently it bends or curves inwardly opposite the upper part of the cell and runs evenly into the costa. The ordinary spots may be present and white marked, or they may be scarcely traceable. The s. t. line is always traceable and sometimes distinctly marked by white scales. Nelita is closely allied but is smaller, and the t. p. line, which is much less evident, runs outwardly to the inner margin just within the anal angle. Necopina is larger than the two just mentioned and almost with- out markings. The t. p. line is barely traceable by a scattering of pale scales, and sometimes traces of the ordinary spots can be seen ; but the s t. line is not visible in any example seen by me. In the remainder of the species the t. p. line may or may not be geminate, but is usually lunulate, crenulate or otherwise irregular: it is curved and bent over the cell and is somewhat drawn in below, never even, as in the preceding series. Linipida and cerussata are very dark, blackish brown species, with white ordinary spots, and join naturally to the dark, mouse- gray species of the preceding series. Limpida is moderate in size or rather small, and has the reniform quite broad and normally developed. In the male the mark is entirely white, though broken into blotches. Cerussata is much larger, the reniform longer and narrower, the white spots grouped around a central, narrow, yellow line or cres- cent. The difference at first sight is not great, and I would not have been inclined to allow so much weight; but at this point the uniformity in male sexual parts is broken in a remarkable way. The harpes here are broad— very small for so large an insect — the tip is obtuse, the upper angle rounded and set with a few short, very stout spines, the lower a very little produced. The clasper is short, very stout, cylindrical, a little curved and with an obtuse tip. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (2) MAY. 1899. 10 JOHN B. SMITH. All the other species are yellowish, reddish or brown, and in five of them the ordinary spots are never white marked, so far as the material seen indicates. Frigida conies from Winnipeg and is a dull, powdery, red-brown form, in which all the markings are more or less obscured. The t. p. line is geminate and more even than usual here, a purplish wash is traceable outwardly, the median shade line is quite distinct, and the reniform is indefined and blackish. It somewhat resembles an Orthopia in appearance and is totally unlike any other of our allied forms. It is unexpectedly quite close to cerussata in the sexual parts of the male, differing chiefly in the longer and more slender clasper. Unimoda is another species which has no marked characteristics. It is a large species, of the same dull, reddish luteous found in senilis, and all the markings are written in a somewhat darker shade of the ground color. The t. p. line is lunulate and the s t. is unusually well defined. The sexual structure of the male is also like that of cerussata, save that the clasper is longer, broader at base and more evenly tapering to the tip. From this point the usual form of sexual structure is again found and there is no marked departure until the last species is reached. Even there the departure is not radical, because the harpes remain as usual. It is odd and to me inexplicable that there should be this break in the continuity of structure, separating as it does two such similar species as limpida and cerussata and associating such totally different forms as cerussata, frigida and unimoda. Angelica is quite brightly reddish brown, without contrasting ornamentation, save that the outer part of the t. p. line is fasciate, purplish and more even in course than usual. The reniform is obscured by a smoky shade in the cell. < 'ataphracta is yellow in ground color and powdered with purplish. The basal space is marked with irregular spots, and beyond the t. p. line purplish predominates, except at the apex. The ordinary spots are always outlined, but never white in the large number of exam- ples seen. Tmpecuniosa is a small, rusty, red brown, powdery species, in which the apices of the primaries are unusually acute. The median shade is well marked and the s. t. space is well shaded with deeper brown. In the remaining species the ordinary spots are always white AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 11 marked, and the only remaining subdivision is based on the shape of the reniform. In circumlucen* and rutila the mark is normal in form, a little constricted centrally but symmetrical, and of about the same size above and below the constriction. In appa&ionata, marginidens and furcata the mark is much larger, hardly, if at all, constricted centrally, and the lower half much broader than the upper. Circumlucens is even, yellow to red-brown in color, without strong contrasts anywhere, and the s. t. space hardly, or not at all, darker than the remainder of the wing. Rutila is darker and redder, so strongly powdered in many cases as to seem rusty. The t. p. line at least is always well marked, and the s. t. space is always strongly shaded with purplish brown. Appa&ionata is easily confused with rutila until the reniform is examined ; but the size of this and its enlargement inferiorly is characteristic. Marginidens is paler, more brick-red in color, with the purplish shadings not contrasting. All the markings are well defined, but there is nothing that stands out except the white spots. The darker shadings seem rather to give the wings a soiled appearance. Furcata is very pale, almost straw yellow in color, with all the marking well written, but without dark shades or contrasts. The white spots are very large, the reniform broader than any other spe- cies, but the central portion is concolorous, the surrounding group of spots relieving this very prettily. In this species the clasper de- parts from the usual type and is forked at the tip. The upper pro- cess is irregular and forms a continuation of the basal portion ; the lower process is much longer, slender, cylindrical and curved to form almost a semicircle. The only species not known to me autoptically is erepta Grote, described from Kansas. I have no material from that State and have no sufficient recollection of the type to enable me to place it. The species is well enough described, however, to be recognized, pro- vided it is an Hydrcecia at all. Our knowledge of the early stages of the species of this genus leaves much to be desired. Few of them, comparatively, are known at all, and others are only imperfectly described. In a general way they may be said to be borers, either in roots or stems and they have the usual appearance of species with such habits. Mr. Henry Bird, of Rye, N. Y., lias in recent years made a study TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899. 12 JOHN B. SMITH. of the larval habits of several of our species, and his interesting paper is found in the Canadian Entomologist, xxx, 126, for May, 1898. The study of this branch of the subject may be safely left in his hands. For the gift and loan of material in this genus I owe thanks to Dr. L. O. Howard, Curator of the Department of Insects in the U. S. National Museum, Prof. J. H. Comstock, Prof. S. A. Forbes, the late Dr. J. A. Lintner, Dr. R. Ottolengui, Dr. William Barnes, Dr. Roland Thaxter, Mrs. C. H. Fernald and the Messrs. Graef, Doll, Bird, Goodhue, Hanham, MorFat and others of my correspondents who responded liberally to my requests. It is to be regretted that I could not include the species of Gor- tyna proper in this study; but I have found it simply impossible to get any material whatever of either species. In tabular form the species may be arranged as follows: Table of the species of Hydrwcia. 1 . Thorax with a loose tuft or small crest anteriorly ; the latter sometimes a little divided, hut never prominent nor transversely flattened ; primaries as a rule moderate, in width or narrow, trigonate ; antennae various. hydreeeia 2. Thorax with a prominent, high anterior tuft, which is transversely flattened and a little divided centrally— somewhat resembling the blade of an adze ; primaries broad, large, a little excavated below the apex ; antennae of male simple papaipema 14. 2. Primaries short, broad, stumpy 3. Primaries longer, trigonate, broadening regularly from base 4. 3. Pale reddish luteous, with a slender, white lunule forming the reniform. albiluuata. Deep, rich, purplish brown, the lower half of reniform outlined in white so as to form a small U ii-albuin. 1. Antennae of male simple 5- An ten me of male with the segments marked and bristle-tufted 10. Antennas distinctly pectinated 13. 5. Deep, somewhat smoky and mottled brown, ordinary spots narrowly outlined by white scales, fringes a little excavated on the primaries- . • .velata. Lighter brown or reddish, ordinary spots never ringed with white scales. though the spots themselves may be white; fringes of primaries even. .6. *i. T. p. line geminate, inner line crenulate or lunate, outer even, not followed by a pale shade *• T. p. line siugle, crenulate, the outer even line wanting, not followed by a pale shade &• T. p. line even, single, followed by a pale or whitish shade, or if geminate the included space is prominently pale- • • 9. 7. Dark red-brown; reniform white; secondaries almost blackish. interoceauica. AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 13 Bather dark brick red ; reniform white, concolorous or yellowish ; secondaries reddish or smoky atlautica. Pale brick red, reniform yellowish ; secondaries yellowish or purplish red. pacifica. 8. Reddish luteous, pale; all the lines obvious ; median shade prominent, angu- late juvenilis. 9. Large, dull brown, broad winged; median space scarcely darker; t. p. line parallel with outer margin iminani*. Almost as large ; but pale luteous, the costa shaded with bright reddish, the outer third of median space olivaceous strameiitosa. Smaller, narrower winged, outer margin very oblique, as is also the t. p. line; pale red-brown, the median space darker obliqna. 10. Median space deeper in shade; t. p. line very oblique, followed by a whitish shading 11 Uniformly colored ; no white shade following t. p. line 12. 11. Reddish to brownish luteous; the serrations of the antennae less prominent. medtalis. Much paler, with a wash of white over a dull luteous ground ; serrations of the antennae strongly marked pallescens. P.'. Median lines narrow, hardly darker; t. p. irregular, geminate; ordinary spots paler, more yellow senilis. 13. Reddish luteous, the ordinary spots white serrata. 14. Lemon yellow, mottled with red-brown basal ly and beyond the t. p. line: the latter not well denned ceriua. Colors straw yellow to red-brown and fawn gray 15. 15. T. p. line geminate, even, with an even out curve, which forms the angle just above the middle of the wing; the median shade line narrow, denned and parallel with the t. p. line 16. T. p. line sharply bent on the costa, forming the angle just below the sub costal ; thence rather even and almost rigid to the inner margin 17. T. p. line geminate, quite evenly outcurve.d over the cell, not abruptly bent on the. costa, the inner part of line more or less lunulated ; median shade various 20. 16. Size smaller, reniform obscure, rarely white marked ; orbicular round or oval ; claviform ovate, rarely white marked i nq nasi I ;t . Size large; reniform linear, white; orbicular and claviform also linear, up- right and white in all specimens seen speciosissma. 17. Bright straw yellow, the usual markings outlined in brown ; space beyond t p. line, save apex, brown rigitla. Yellowish to red-brown, powdery 18. Mouse gray, powdered with whitish atoms 19. 1*. Inner part of t. p. line distinct, outer line not fasciate, all beyond it except apex brown, mottled liarrisii. As before, but the terminal space is coucolorous, leaving only the s. t. space hrowu verona. Inner part of t. p. line obsolete or feebly developed, outer line forming a dis- tinct baud or fascia purpurifascia. lit. T. p. line well defined ; s. t. line always traceable, usually distinct. T. p. line angulate over cell, then inwardly oblique to hind margin. nilela. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY 1899. 14 JOHN B. SMITH. T. p. line riot angulate, and as a whole outwardly oblique to bind margin. nelita. T. p. line barely traceable ; s. t. line entirely wanting necopiaa. 20. Deep, blackish brown, with contrasting, white, ordinary spots, reniform normally wide; size moderate linipida. As before, but much larger and the reniform is very narrow and elongate. eerns*ata. Yellow to red-brown ; ordinary spots concolorous or paler; never white- • -21. Yellow to red-brown : ordinary spots wholly or partly white 22. 21. Dull, powdery red-brown ; t. p. line gemiuate, rather even, median shade well marked ; ordinary spots indefined, dusky frigida. • Even, reddish luteous, all the lines denned but not contrasting; t. p. line lunulate; s. t. line well defined, preceded by a dusky s. t. shade. nnimoda. More.reddish ; ordinary spots obscured by a smoky shade, outer portion of t. p. line forming a purplish fascia angelica. Yellow, powdered with purplish ; basal space mostly purplish, and all beyond the t. p. line except apex, well shaded with the same color. ealapliracla. Rusty red-brown, very powdery; s. t. space purplish; median shade broad, well marked, blackish ; apex of primaries unusually acute. impecuniosa. 22. Reniform moderate in size or rather small, the lower part not perceptibly larger than the upper ; basal space not white marked 23. Reniform large or very large; the lower part distinctly larger than the upper ; basal space usually white marked 24. 23. Yellowish to red-brown, even, not powdery; t. p. line not contrasting; s. t. space hardly darker or purplish circimi I ncens. Red-brown, strongly powdered so as to give a rusty appearance; t. p. line prominent, purplish, as are also most of the s. t. and terminal spaces. rulila. 24. Bright, deep, red-brown, strougly shaded with purplish, especially in s. t. space ; basal space white marked appasionata. Paler, more brick red, with the purplish shadings scarcely contrasting; base of wing white marked margin ideas. Very pale, almost straw yellow; no white marks inside of basal line; no purplish shadings; all the markings brown and well defined. . farcata. II > drrecia albilnaata nom. nov., pi. 1, fig. 1, % genitalia. lunata Smith. 1891. — Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xviii, 110, Apamea. 1891.- -Smith, List Lepidoptera, 45, Hydrcecia Ground color a reddish clay yellow with vague smoky shadings. Head and thorax without obvious markings. Primaries with the median lines rather fee- ble, evident, single, whitish. T. a. line rather well removed from the base, not at all prominent, rather evenly outcurved. The t. p. line better marked, but not in any way contrasting, evenly outcurved over the cell and rather evenly oblique below that point to the inner margin. The s. t. line is very faintly indicated. It is marked near the costa by a slight difference, in shade between the apex and the space immediately within it, is traceable irregularly almost to the middle of AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 15 the wing, but lost below that point in the specimens before me. There is a slender black terminal line at the base of the fringes. The orbicular is entirely lost, or is represented only by a blackish dot. The reniform is a narrow, white, oblique lunule. margined by black scales and forming the only contrasting feat- ure in the maculation. The submedian vein is shaded with hlackish throughout almost its entire course. Veins 3 and 4 are shaded with blackish to the t. p. line, and vein 6 is black shaded through the s. t. space. Nearly all the veins are blackish marked in the terminal space. Secondaries very pale reddish gray, somewhat glistening, a little more powdered outwardly. Beneath almost whit- ish, with a reddish shading, the veins marked with dusky. Expanse 1.15 in.; 29 mm. Hab. — Mt. Shasta District : Alameda, California, in June. The term originally proposed by me proves to be preoccupied for a congeneric species, and I therefore substitute a new name. Few examples of the species have been seen in collections, and there seems to be little or no variation. The structure of the male geni- talia is very simple. There is a moderately broad harpe bent near the middle, the tip round and fringed by a series of small spinules. There is a long, stout clasper extending from within the middle almost to the tip at its inferior margin. From about the middle of the harpe there starts a strongly curved cylindrical process, with a blunt, rounded tip forming a second clasper. The moth is very simply marked, and the species should be easily recognized. It is questionable whether it should not form, with u-album, a distinct series. Hytlroecia u-album Gn., pi. 1, fig. 2. % genitalia. 1852. — Gn., Spec. Gen., Noct., i, 345, Ceramica. 1856.— Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus.. Het,, x, 418, C. v-album. 1874.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, 22, C. v-album. 1891.— Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiv. 231, Mamestra. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 174, Hydrcecia. purpitripennis Grt. 1874.— Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 206. Apamea. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 174, pr. syn. baliola Morr. 1874.— Morr., Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H.. xvii, 14s. Orthosia. 1875. — Grote,.('an. Ent., vii, 58 — purpnripennis. 1875.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, 30§— purpuripmnis. Ground color a rich purplish brown, varying somewhat in shade, sometimes becoming almost carneous. Head and thorax usually a little darker, more in- tensely brown than the primaries, without special markings. Primaries with a deeper, richer, reddish brown shade through the middle of the median space, and throughout the terminal space. At the base and along the inner and costal margin there is a distinct bluish shading, which varies in intensity in the speci- mens, sometimes relieving the reddish brown disc quite strongly. The median TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1899. 16 JOHN B. SMITH. lines are brown, single. The t. p. line is very irregular, preceded by a bluish shade and as a whole outwardly oblique. The t. p. line is slender, erenulated, some- times defined by a following paler shade, sometimes scarcely traceable. The s. t. line is marked by the difference in tint between the terminal and s. t. spaces, ami also by a series of whitish scales. There is a pale line preceded by a black- ish shading at the base of the fringes. Sometimes the paler scales are absent, Leaving only the dusky shading, ami sometimes there is hardly any difference between the terminal space and the fringes. The basal half line is usually dis- tinct on the costa. The orbicular is quite usually wanting: if present it is always small and may lie a blackish dot. or a black annulus surrounding a whit- ish (iot ; or there may be a white annulus surrounding a brown central dot. The reniform is moderate in size, normal in shape, the lower half defined and partly filled by white scales, giving the appearance of a \J, from which the name of the species is derived. Secondaries smoky brown with a purplish shade, the fringes paler, more rosy in tinge. Beneath paler, the, primaries smoky, the secondaries more yellow. Both wings may have an outer dusky line, and on the other hand there may be no trace of this present. Expanse 1.10-1.30 in.; 27-32 mm. I f tlrtecia velata Wlk.. pi. 1, fig. 3, % genitalia. 1865. — Wlk., G. B. Mus. Het., xxxii, 671, Apamea. 1891. — Smith, Can. Ent., xxiii, 121, Apamea. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 174, Hydroetia. sera G. and R. 1868.— G. and R., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, 345, pi. 7, f. 55, Hydraecia. 1874.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, 18. Hydrceda. 1S74.— <4r..te. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1874, 20(5, Apamea. 1882.— Grote, Can. Ent., xiv, 170. Helotropha. 1884. — Bean, Can. Ent., xvi, 67. larva on Anemone. L891. Smith. Can. Ent., xxiii, 121, pr. syn" 1893. -Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 174, pr. syn. Ground color a dark smoky brown, varying to gray or red-brown. Head and thorax without markings and of the usual ground color, except that the tips of AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 17 the scales may be gray on the thoracic crest. Primaries with all the markings traceable, but none of them contrasting. The basal half line is brown, visible on the costa in most specimens and sometimes below the cell. T. a. line imper- fect, single, brown, almost upright, outeurved between the veins. T. p. line geminate, the inner line almost even or a little crenulated, slightly outeurved over the cell and a very little incurved below. The outer line is dotted, the dots connected by a dusky shading. The dots are on the veins and are black, followed by white in most cases. The white dots may be absent or they may be prominent and followed as well as preceded by a black dot. The median shade is broad, diffuse, well marked and forms an angle, just below the reniform, which is infe- riorly darkened by an extension of this shade. S. t. line pale, irregular, marked by the darker terminal space and by a dusky preceding shade. Near the costa it is defined by the paler apex and dusky s. t. space. There is a pale terminal line which is emphasized by black dots on the veins. All the veins are more or less flecked with white and black scales, particularly in the s. t. space and beyond it. The ordinary spots are moderate in size, concolorous or slightly paler, out- lined by white and black scales. The orbicular is oval, oblique, the reniform upright, constricted in the middle and considerably dilated inferiorly. It is also blackish shaded in its lower portion. The fringes are distinctly scalloped, and the angle near the middle of the wing is much better marked than usual. Sec- ondaries a smoky luteous, the fringes a little paler, with a darker line at their base. Beneath pale yellowish, primaries tending to become smoky, the second- aries tending to yellow. Both wings are powdered toward the edges, and both have a more or less well-marked outer dusky line and may have a discal Iunule. Expanse 1.25 1.50 in. ; 31-37 mm. Huh. — Canada to Virginia, west to the Mississippi River, Mis- souri, Iowa. Date of flight June, July and August. This is not an uncommon species, and occurs throughout the whole Northern, Eastern and Central United States. The speci- mens run even, and the species is recognizable by the fact that it is the only one in which the ordinary spots are outlined by white scales. The ring is a very narrow one, but is quite evident. The antennae of the male are entirely simple. The harpes of the S are long, very broad at the base, abruptly bent toward the tip, and at the point of bending is a large curved, corneous clasper, which ex- tends to the tip and almost across the harpes at the base. Near the middle of each harpe is a slender, pointed process, which may be considered an accessory clasper. Hydroecia interoceaiiica n. sp., pi. 1. fig. 4, %, genitalia. Ground color a very dark smoky brown, the ordinary markings almost black- ish. In general the species resembles nictitans, or, more correctly, atlantica ; hut it is smaller, much darker in general color and, so far as the specimens in hand show, the reniform is uniformly white marked. The orbicular in all the speci- mens before me is round, considerably paler and more yellowish than the ground color, but without any trace of while markings. Expanse 1.10-1.25 in.; 28 31 mm. Hub — Winnipeg, Manitoba. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (3) MAY. 1899. 18 JOHN B. SMITH. Three specimens, representing both sexes, are at hand from Mr. A. W. Hanham. I have no details regarding to capture of the species and no date. The insects were assumed to be forms of nictitans, and look like small, dark examples of that species. There is really very little that can be added to what has been already said concerning the male structural characters. The ciliations in the antennae are very small and easily overlooked, except on close examination. II> dreeoia atlantica n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 5, % genitalia. nictitans X Auet., pi. 1. fig. 7, genitalia of European species. 1852.— Gn., Spec. Gen. Noct., i, 126, Hydrcecia. 1856.— Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus. Het., ix, 159, Hydrcecia. 1874.— Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 206, Aparnea. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 175, Hydrcecia. nictitans var. americana Speyer. 1875. — Speyer, Stett. Evit. Zeit., xxxvi. 152, Hydrcecia. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 175 = nictitans. Apamea lusca Harris mss. 1891.— Smith. List Lepidoptera, 45 = nictitans. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 175. Ground color rusty red-brown, varying somewhat in shade, sometimes quite smoky, and occasionally a specimen will become decidedly more yellowish or eveu luteous in tint. The collar is a little paler interiorly, a brownish line mark- ing the point where the difference in shade begins. The edges of the patagiw are often blackish. The primaries have all the markings distinct, but hardly contrasting, the lines being just a little darker than the ground color. The ordinary spots are paler in color, and either more rusty or more yellowish if they are not white filled. Basal line geminate, distinct, easily traceable to the sub- median vein. T. a. line geminate, the space between the lines unusually wide. As a whole the line is upright, but outcurved between the veins. T. p. line geminate, the inner line irregular and crenulate, the outer often with a very faint outcurve. The median shade line is rather neatly marked, only a little broader than the other lines, a little more distinct, sharply angulated at the mid- dle and a little incurved below. The s. t. line is dusky, tolerably well marked, darker than the terminal space, and broken only at the apex, which is a little paler than the rest of the wing. All the veins are dusky and the venation is thus readily traceable. The orbicular is round or nearly so, moderate in size, narrowly ringed, a trifle paler than the ground color, rarely white. Reniform kidney shaped, moderate in size, sometimes a little constricted on the inner edge, hut more usually irregular in shape. It may be a little paler than the ground color, it may be white, or it may be white marked to a narrow brown luuule which is near the inner border. The claviform is traceable in most speci- mens and is sometimes often even distinct. Ordinarily it is small, extending half way to the median shade, outlined as are the other spots and sometimes paler in color; never white marked in any specimen that I have seen. Second- aries smoky in some cases, almost blackish in others, again with a strong tendency to yellow. Beneath more or less smoky, especially on the primaries; both wings with an outer line and with a small discal spot. Expanse 1.15-1.40 in. ; 29 35 mm. AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 19 Hab— Nova. Scotia, Hudson's Bay Territory, southward to Vir- ginia, west to Colorado. Dates in New York range from early in July to late in August. In Illinois from the middle of July to the beginning of September. This is the species that is ordinarily named nictitans in collections and, compared with the European examples of this species, it is almost impossible to say where the difference comes in. Superficially the markings are almost alike, and are certainly well within what is considered the ordinary range of variation. The antennae in the male are very much alike, but the European examples are much more strongly ciliated than the Americans. The difference in the sexual characters has already been alluded to and need not be de- tailed again here. Our species seems, as a whole, to be a trifle more heavily built ; but otherwise, and judging from superficial characters alone, their separation would hardly be justified. The range of variation in the species is not great ; the difference in ground color is not particularly startling, although by placing the extremes to- gether it is seen to be quite marked. There is a tendency to a vio- let tint in the s. t. space. In some cases the ordinary spots are both contrastingly paler and more rusty than the rest of the wing. In others there is hardly any difference to speak of. Finally, we may have examples in which the reniform becomes entirely white, and occasionally a specimen in which the orbicular also is of that shade. This species is the most common of those found in this country and deserves more attention than has been given to it heretofore. Il> rtroecia pacifica a. sp., pi. 1, fig. 6, % genitalia, This is the Californian representative of the European nictitans, and resembles the latter almost as closely as does its Atlantic rela- tive. There is a difference here, however, which is quite noticeable when a good series of examples is under consideration. The Pacific Coast form is uniformly more chunky, the body is more heavily built, the thorax is squarer and the primaries are shorter and com- paratively broader. Altogether it looks like a much more com- pactly built species. In average size it is smaller than the eastern form, but the wings are less pointed. So far as markings go there is not much difference, and certainly none that would be considered as of specific value. In all the examples before me, both sexes being represented, both the ordinary spots are rather contrastingly yellowish, and none of them show the least trace of white. The TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY- 1899- 20 JOHN B. SMITH. antenna- of the male are almost entirely simple, the ciliations being even less marked than in the Atlantic Coast form. Examples of this species are in the collections of the U. S. National Museum, Rutgers College and E. L. Graef. Hydrflecisi juvenilis Grote, pi. 1, fig. 8, % genitalia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 2(37, Gortyna. 1881. Grote, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci., vii, 68, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th CT. S. Nat. Mus., 174, Hydrazcia, Ground color a rather pale yellow, with a more or less reddish tinge. Head and thorax without .special maculation. All the wing markings well written and brown. Basal line geminate, distinct to the submedian vein. T. a. line geminate, as a whole almost upright, the inner part quite even to the submedian vein, there inwardly toothed and outwardly curved ; the outer portion is more irregular, and to it is attached the little claviform, which extends a short distance into the median space. The t. p. line is single, unusually distant from the t. a. line and very close to the outer margin. It is crenulated, and as a whole, almost parallel frith the outer margin after the first outcurve over the cell. The median shade line is unusually distinct, crosses a little beyond the middle of the wing and forms almost a rectangle below the reniform. The s. t. line is brown, fairly well defined, except toward the apex, which is the palest part of the wing. The terminal space below the apex is darker than the balance of the wing in the majority of the specimens. In some cases the entire median space becomes suf- fused by a smoky shade. The ordinary spots are narrowly outlined and of the ground color or a little paler, never white in the specimens that I have seen. The orbicular is usually large, almost round or only a little oval. Reniform moderate or small, kidney shaped or oval. The claviform is small and has been already described. Secondaries smoky, with a purplish shade. The fringes with a distinctly paler line at base. Beneath yellowish, with a bright purplish outer line and sometimes an inner shade line on both wings. The secondaries have a small black discal spot. Expanse 1.10-1.20 in. ; 28-30 mm. Hab. — Colorado, foot hills near Denver; Glenwood Springs, Sep- tember 16th. Six examples, representing both sexes, are before me, and the only difference observable is the tendency to a smoky suffusion in the median space of some of the examples. The species is the smallest in average size of those belonging to this series and the wings are a little the most pointed The apex is distinctly acute, while the outer margin is only slightly pointed and unusually oblique. The male antennae are almost simple. The genitalia are unique, the harpes long and narrowing toward the tip, except that there is a broad, short process from the middle of the lower margin. The tip is obliquely cut off and set with a few stiff spines. There is rather a large pointed clasper arising within the middle, extending well towards the tip, and at the point to which it reaches another smaller, cylindrical and slightly curved clasper is inserted into the harpe. The species does not seem to be common. AMERICAN LEP1DOPTERA. 21 Hydroet'ia immaii i*> Gn., pi. 1, fig. 9, % genitalia. 1852. —Gn., Spec. Gen. Noct., i, 128, Hydrmcia. 1856.— Wlk., Cat, Brit. Mus. Het„ ix, 162, Hydrceeia. 1874.— Grote, Bull. Buff Soc. Nat. Sei., ii, 18, Gortyna. 1882. — Dodge, Can. Ent., xiv, 93, larva on Hop. 1884.— Smith, Bull. 4th Div. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agl., 38, larva. 1885.— Lintner, 2d Rept. Ins. N. Y., 41, larva. 1893.— Smith. Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus.. 175, Hi/drcecia. Ground color dull yellowish brown, with a tendency to smoky. Collar with a central pale line and a pale line at tip. In some specimens a pale line also extends obliquely across the patagire. The markings of the primaries are dis- tinct, as a whole paler than the ground color; the defining lines a darker shade of brown or tan. Basal line geminate, extending to the submediau vein ; the included space pale, the inner line fairly well marked, the outer rather diffuse. T. a. line geminate, the included space paler, the defining lines well marked, as a whole upright, very even, except for a slight inward bend in the cell. T. p. line geminate, included space pale, the inner defining line well marked, the outer rather defined by the differences in shade than in any other way. The line is abruptly bent on the costa over the reniform and then is almost evenly oblique inward to the inner margin. S. t. line blackish, distinct, a little irregular, broken only near the apex which is somewhat paler. The median shade is fairly well marked in most specimens, and is a little curved between the ordinary sp;>ts. Orbicular oval, almost upright, a little paler than the ground color, very often incompletely outlined. The reniform is large, upright, kidney shaped or a little constricted centrally, a trifle paler than the ground color, except that it is infe- riorly sometimes a little darkened. There is a smoky brown line at the base of the fringes. The claviforin is small, not visible in all the specimens; but some- times dark filled so that it becomes quite a recognizable feature in the wing. Secondaries smoky, yellowish, darker in the female, with a dusky followed by a paler median line. There is a narrow dusky line at the base of the fringes. Beneath powdery, a little more reddish than on the upper surface; both wings with a more or less well-defined outer transverse line, the secondaries sometimes with a small discal spot. Expanse 1.50-2 in. ; 37-50 mm. Hub. — Northern United States to Iowa, South to Virgina ; Colo- rado. New York and Illinois in August and September. This is one of the largest species of this series, and at the same time most simple in markings. It resembles in general the Euro- pean micaeea, but is a larger species, and the antenna? of the male have the joints feebly marked aud with very small brush-like tufts. There is no variation in the series before me, and nothing of anv consequence in the species — so far as I have seen. The male geni- talia have a rather long, narrow, bent tip which is fringed with spinules. There is a long, curved, semi-cylindrical clasper from the upper side near base, and there are two small, claw-like processes from the inferior margin a little beyond the middle. The larva of this species attaks the crown of hops and it is of some economic importance. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1899. 22 JOHN B. SMITH. H ydroecia stramentosa Gn., pi. 1, fig. 10, % genitalia. 1852.— Gn., Spec. Gen. Noct., i, 129, pi. 6, f. 2, Hydrcec'm. 1856.— Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus. Het„ ix, 162, Hydrcecia. 1874.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat, Sci., ii, 18, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 175, Hydrcecia, Ground color a rather dull luteous, with a dash of olivaceous. Collar with a narrow brown line above the middle, the tip distinctly smoky, as are also the tips of the thoracic tuftings. Edges of the patagiae marked with smoky brown, which is particularly well marked at tip. Sometimes the entire thorax is darker, and in such cases the contrasts between the ground color and the markings just described are not great. The abdominal tuftings at the base are also dark. The primaries have a reddish shade over the costal region extending to the tip. The outer portion of the median space is distinctly darker, olivaceous, and stands out quite evidently from the rest of the wing. The basal line is geminate, fairly well marked on the costa, then broken and only marked as a spot below that point. T. a. line geminate, the inner line scarcely traceable below the cell : as a whole it is nearly upright, but is inwardly curved through the cell and has a very feeble outcurve below that point. T. p. line very even, rather abruptly bent on the costa, a little outcurved over the reniform, and then evenly oblique inwardly to the inner margin. S. t. line irregular, brownish or smoky, marked by a preceding shade in the costal region, and beyond that by dusky scales arranged quite regularly. There is an even line at the base of the fringes, which are dusky at tip and have a reddish shade toward the base. The median shade line is well marked on the costa and is blackish to the median vein ; below that point it is olive-green and hardly darker than the shading of the outer part of the median space. In the costal region, between the outer part of the basal line aud inner portion of the t. a. line, there is a blackish shading and a similar, though much less marked, shading extends from the inception of the t. a. to the median shade line. The ordinary spots are well marked ; the claviform is slightly soiled, olivaceous in color. Orbicular almost upright, irregularly oval, of the ground color or a little paler, outlined in olivaceous. Reniform upright, oblong, the angles pointed, hardly constricted in the center. It is of the ground color, or may have a slightly reddish tinge. Secondaries pale yellowish, without obvious markings. Beneath yellowish, both wings with a smoky outer line, which, in the specimens before me, does not extend across the wing. Expanse 1.68-1.72 in.; 42-43 mm. Hub. — Glen wood Springs, Colorado, September 10th, October 1st, foot hills near Denver. " Middle and Central States, New York, Illinois." Three specimens have been under examination, and I have seen others. None of them, however, from the East. There is a ques- tion, perhaps, whether this species is correctly identified. The ex- amples before me agree with Guenee's figure and description, and I cannot remember having seen any species from the East which might be fitted to them. While I saw the type in the British Museum some years ago, my recollection does not serve sufficiently well to enable me to say whether or not this is really his species. I AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 23 believe it to be so, and that probably, in his original description, the locality "New York" was an error. The other localities given in my catalogue followed Mr. Grote's notes. I have never seen any specimens of stramentosa identified by Mr. Grote. The examples before me are all very much alike, and they are evidently related to immanis. The male genitalia, while agreeing with the series to which I have related it, are distinctive. The harpes are broad at base, narrow slightly until just before the end, where there is an abrupt cut from the lower side, which leaves a slender process that expands into a somewhat ladle-shaped tip, fringed inwardly with spines. There is a very heavy, stout, corneous clasper arising from the harpe just within the point at which it narrows a little, curved and terminating acutely. The an ten me of the male have the joints marked, and at the sides set with little bunches of soft short hair. Hydrceeia obliqna Harvey, pi. 1, fig. 11, % genitalia. 1876. — Harvey. Can. Ent., viii, 53, Gortyna. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 268, Gortyna. 1884.— Smith, Bull. 4th Div. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agl., 38, immanis. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 175, immanis. Ground color a somewhat sordid reddish brown, with a tendency to yellowish. Head and thorax without obvious markings, save that there may be a darker line across the collar above the middle. The primaries with all the marking trace- able, but hardly contrasting : the t. p. line being the most prominent, and this best emphasized by the paler shade which follows it. The basal line is barely traceable across the costa. T. a. line not much better marked ; but as a whole outcurved and outwardly curved between the veius. The t, p. line curves rather abruptly over the upper portion of the cell and is then rigidly oblique below. There is a slightly darker patch on the. costa, which marks the inception of the s. t. line, and this is of such a shape that at first sight its edge seems to form the continuation of the t, p. line, making it appear as if that line extended obliquely from just within the apex to the hind margin. S. t. line pale, a little irregular, feebly marked by the slightly darker terminal space and sometimes also by a dusky preceding shade. There is a brown line at the base of the concolorous fringes. The median shade line is just traceable in most specimens. It is hardly to be distinguished on the costa, bends outwardly between the ordinary spots and is then angulated inwardly, running parallel to the t. p. line. A slightly darker shade extends through the median space below vein two. Ordinary spots barely outlined, of the ground color and moderate in size. Orbicular round or nearly so, varying somewhat. Reniform upright or nearly so, broad, rather irregular, kidney shaped. Secondaries pale yellowish, without obvious markings. Beneath pale yellowish, in some cases almost whitish, usually without markings, but sometimes with an incomplete outer line. Expanse 1-1.60 in. ; 25-40 mm. ffab. —Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, Arkansas, Northern States west of the Mississippi to the Pacific Coast. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899- 24 JOHN B. SMITH. I had, from sufficient material, considered this species as a variety of the Eastern immanis, and I believe that there is some record of its having similar habits in the larval state. The species is a very good one, however, when abundant material is at hand. It runs uniformly smaller, is narrower winged than the eastern species, and there are other differences in the details of markings that will appear on a comparison of the descriptions. The male antenna.' have the joints distinctly marked and obviously brush tufted, though the tuftings are short and of soft hair. The sexual organs are charac- teristic; the harpes rather narrow, stout, abruptly cut near the tip which is bent, somewhat dilated and has a fringing of rather long stiff spines. There are two clasper-like processes, the one nearest to the base small and rather blunt, the other inserted at the point where the harpe narrows, and this is more irregularly twisted. The differences in size are quite strongly marked ; but in other respects there is little range of variation, judging from the examples before me. Hydroecia mediali* Smith, pi. 1, fig. 12, £, genitalia. 1894. — Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxi, 74, pi. 1, Wydrcecia. Ground color a dirty clay yellow, varying in shade to olivaceous in one direc- tion and to distinct red-brown in the other. The median space of the primaries always darker and most richly tinted. Head and thorax without markings, the thoracic tuftings very feebly developed. Primaries with the markings rather obscure. The basal line is not obvious in any specimen before me. T. a. line pale, not contrasting, usually not margined inwardly, but sometimes with a slight darkening of brown scales; outwardly marked by the difference in shade be- tween the basal and median spaces. It is usually a little curved in the cell and almost upright or only a little outwardly bent below that point. T. p. line pale, forming the most prominent feature of the wing marking; abruptly bent on the eosta and then very evenly oblique to the inner margin. S. t. line pale, de- fined by the difference in shade between the darker terminal and pale s. t. space ; but this difference is hardly appreciable. In some cases there is a brighter line at the base of the fringes. Ordinary spots visible, never entirely outlined and sometimes without distinct margins. Orbicular a little oval, oblique, somewhal paler than the median space, in which it is situated. Reniform kidney shaped, the upper portion fairly well outlined, as a whole a trifle paler than the sur- rounding space; but there is a dusky lunule through the centre which becomes darker inferiorly. There is a vague indication of a claviform in the shape of a slightly paler streak extending from the t. a. line half way across the median space. There is no visible median shade in any specimen before me. Second- aries varying from soiled whitish to very pale, almost straw yellow; a distinct dusky extra median line being present in all examples. Beneath a very pale shade of the ground color, a little powdery and with a rather broad smoky line on both wings. Expanse 1.60-2.05 in.: 40-52 mm. Hub. — Washington; Colorado, foot hills; Glenwood Springs; collected by Bruce and Barnes*. AMERICAN LEFIDOPTERA. 25 This species is quite readily recognizable by the distinct con- trast between the median space and the rest of the wing; the pale t. p. line being rather distinctly marked, quite narrow and well defined. The antenme of the male are distinctly brush like, the joints are well marked, the lateral processes almost equal to the diameter of the joint in length and with tuftings of soft, bristly hair. The sexual pieces of the male are of the same general type as those previously described, but differ obviously in detail. The harpes narrow rather regularly toward the tip, which is cut off obliquely. There is a somewhat irregular, broad basal clasper, and toward the tip there is a beakdike process which terminates acutely. The species seems to be not uncommon where it occurs, ami it varies in the ground color, which ranges from a dull, dirty, clay yellow to a bright, clean, reddish brown. The largest specimen seen is a male from Washington, in the Graef collection. Hydrcecia pallescens n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 13, % genitalia. In general appearance and character this species resembles medialis, of which I at first considered it a variety. The chief difference, superficially, is in a de- cidedly paler ground color and an appearance as though there was a white wash- ing over the entire surface. The ordinary spots are much more vaguely defined — in fact they can hardly be said to be defined at all, and in some cases are merely shadings, a little paler than the ground color. The t. p. line is not so definite outwardly and is rather a shade, which merges gradually into the usually darkei s. t. space. The antennas of the male have the processes on the joints longer and the bristles more prominent than in the other species. The sexual organs are in general like those of the preceding species; but the clasper is very long. semicylindrical, very broad at the base, with the edges irregular towards the tip. Expanse 1.50-1.90 in. ; 37-48 mm. Hub. — Calgary, August 21st, September 1st. Fort Klamath, Oregon, August 21st. Hydroecia senilis Smith, pi. 1, fig. 14, % genitalia. 1894. — Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxi, 73, pi. 1, Hi/droecia. Ground color a dull, rusty, red-brown, the veins darker. Head and thorax without obvious markings. Primaries without contrast, all the lines present, only a little darker than the ground color, narrow. Basal line geminate, extend- ing to a suhmedian vein, but feebly marked, except on the costa. T. a. line sin- gle, slender, as a whole upright, hut outwardly bent, curved or angulated be- tween the veins. T. p. line geminate, slender, almost even or only a little marked on the veins; the inner line the darker and more obvious of the two, the space between the lines unusually broad. S. t. line indicated by the slight difference in shade between the darker terminal and lighter s. t. space. The median line is indicated by a vague dusky shading through the center of the wing. Orbicu- lar small, round or nearly so, concolorous or a little paler, not definitely outlined. Ren i form broad, oblique, a little irregularly kidney shaped, more rusty yellow TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (4) MAY. 1899. 26 JOHN B. SMITH. than the balance of the wing. Claviform narrow, pointed, extending to aboul the middle of the median space, concolorous or only a little paler. Secondaries smoky, paler toward the base. Beneath pale, with a tendency to a reddish or yellowish shading, somewhat powdery, the disc of the primaries tending to smoky. No outer lines in any of the specimens before me. Expanse 1.50-1.60 in. : -IT 40 inm. Huh. — Colorado, Bruce. The insects were probably collected in the mountains not far west of Denver. The species is a very obscure one and resembles some- what a very much washed out atlantica. It has also somewhat the appearance of a Pachnobia, and would easily pass for a member of that genus. In the male the antenna 1 joints are marked, but not prominently so, and they are laterally set with tufts of soft hair. The male genitalia are imperfect in the specimen under examina- tion and the tip of the harpe was broken off. There is a double clasper, the outer being broad at the base and the edges irregular, terminating in a sharp point. The inner is a small curved hook arising from a rather broad base and narrows rapidly to a sharp point. Very few examples of this species have been seen. Ilyriroecia serrata Grote, pi. 1, fig. 15, £. genitalia. 1880.— Grote, No. Am. Ent , i, 94, Gortyna 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 269, Gortyna. 1893. Smith. Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus.. 179, Hydroecia. Color a rather bright reddish yellow, the ground being yellow, washed with red to a variable extent. As a rule the head and thorax are quite obviously yel- low. The red washing becomes evident at the sides of the palpi, on the front of the head, then at the sides of the collar, at its tip, on the thoracic tuftings, and then on the patagke which are quite frequently tipped with purplish. The tuft at the base of the abdomen is also quite usually purplish. The primaries have the basal space predominating in yellow, and yellow is also the shade extending along the costa and at the apex of the wing: else the red is most obvious. The basal line is very distinct, geminate, red-brown. T. a. line geminate, irregular, more or less broken, almost upright to the submedian interspace and then out- curved to the margin. The t. p. line is geminate, not so well defined, the included space yellowish, the inner defining line a little crenulated, the outer imperfect, but more even so far as traceable. Beyond this line the veins are narrowly dark marked. S. t. line, obsolete in most specimens: but in souk traceable by a few darker scales, emphasizing a difference between the s. t. and terminal spaces. There is a pale line at the base of the fringes, which are a lit- tle darker than the rest of the wing. The yellow apex has been already men- tioned. The ordinary spots are white and contrasting. Orbicular round or nearly so, varying in size and usually with a central dot of the ground color. Reniform large, unusually broad, with a central yellow lunule surrounded by seven, more or less well-separated, white spots. The breaking up of the white -.pots i> caused by the dusky veins which pass through the white filling. Clavi- form very broad and short, white, divided by a narrow central line which ex- AMERICAN LEPIDOFTKRA. 27 tends through it. Secondaries very pule, whitish, yellowish or a little smoky, darkening a little outwardly: the fringes usually with a reddish shading, which verges to scarlet. Beneath yellowish, pale, washed with reddish, which, in some specimens, has a distinct scarlet tinge towards the margins. Most specimens have an obvious dusky line on the secondaries, and a similar line is also apparenl in many cases on the primaries. Expanse 1.25-1.50 in. ; 32-37 mm. Hub. — Colorado : Glenwood Springs, August 20th, September 1st (Dr. Barnes); Denver, September 12th (Oslar). This species differs from all others in the genus by the lengthily pectinated antennae of the male. It resembles, superficially, the species of the next series, and with them it has been heretofore associated. Besides the unique character of the antenna.1, the form of the genitalia excludes it, as well as the absence of the adze-like thoracic tuft. The harpes of the male are narrow and quite even to the slightly pointed tip. There is a short, blunt, corneous pro- cess nearest to the tip, almost at the point reached by a long curved process or clasper, which originates within the middle and toward the lower margin. Hydrwcia cerinsi Grote, pi. 1, fig. 16, % genitalia. 1874.— Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 200, Gortyna. 1882.— Grote, 111. Essay. 59, pi. 2, f. 25, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith. Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 176, Hydrcecia. Ground color a hright lemon yellow, mottled with brown. Head bright red- dish brown in front, the vertex yellow, base of the collar red-brown. The pata- gise are edged with brown, and the tu flings tipped in the same way. Basal line geminate, broken, the space between the basal and t. a. line more or less com- pletely brown rilled. The t. a. line is broken, imperfect, principally defined by the edge of the brown shading. T. p. line fragmentary, consisting of an irregu- lar series of brown lunules. better defined by the brown s. t. space. The median shade consists of a series of brown marks and dots, which are not connected. S. t. line pale, marked by the difference in shade between the terminal and s. t. spaces, preceded by smoky, saggitate spots, which, in some cases, extend almost through the s. t. space. The terminal space is crossed by yellow, brown and smoky shadings, leaving the apex yellow. The fringes purplish brown. Second- aries very pale yellowish, tending to become a little dusky toward the tip. The fringes washed with reddish. Beneath a very pale yellowish, powdery, with a tendency to a reddish washing along the costa. Primaries with a discal lunule and a dusky shading near the outer margin. Expanse 1.40-1.50 in. ; 35 37 mm. Hab. — Maine; Kansas; London, Ontario; New Hampshire; Massachusetts. This species is by no means common, but is easily recognizable by the bright lemon yellow ground color, the basal and extra median spaces being mottled with red-brown, which shades toward scarlet. Very few specimens have been seen, and there appears to be no appreciable variation, even in size. TRANS. AM. KNT. BOO. XXVI. MAY, 1899. 28 JOHN B. SMITH. Hydroecia inquresita G. &. R., pi. 1, fig. 17, £, genitalia. 1868.— G. & E., Trans. Am. Ent. Soo., i, 344, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soo. Nat. Sri., i, 110, Hydrcecia. 1374.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, 18, Hydrcecia. 1882. — Grote, New List, 29; Gortyna qusesita err. ryp. 1882. — Grote, Can. Ent., xiv. 170, Apamea. 1893.— Smith. Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 176, Hydrcecia. Ground color yellowish brick red, powdered with rusty red and deeper brown. Mead and thorax with a tendency to a violet shading, particularly on the collar and on the edges of the patagise, but this is not uniform. Primaries with most of the markings fairly well defined. The basal line is geminate, brown, hardly defined and in some specimens scarcely traceable. T. a. line geminate, the de- fining lines very narrow, brown, with a slight and rather even outcurve to the submedian interspace, and then a broader outcurve reaching the inner margin at the same point reached by the median shade line. T. p. line geminate, brown, outer line very distinctly darker and with a more violet shading: broadly bent or curved outwardly ; the point nearest to the margin being at about the middle of the wing. The line is somewhat irregular on the eosta; but very even on the incurve. S. t. line irregular, defined by the somewhat darker, more purplish s. t. space. The apex is of the paler ground color. Median shade very distinct, nar- row, unusually well defined, angulated at about the middle of the wing, so that when viewed a little from the side it forms a perfect right angle. There is a dark, narrow, terminal line. All the veins are black marked, and their course is easily traceable throughout the entire wing. The ordinary spots are small, usually not very well defined. The orbicular is round or a little oval, somewhat paler than the ground color, although it may be contrastingly white. The reni- t'onn is upright or nearly so, kidney shaped, very poorly defined in most cases, sometimes with white marks around the edges. The claviform is very small, usually a little paler, yellowish, divided in the middle by a narrow brown line, which runs through the submedian interspace. In some cases it is white marked. Secondaries smoky, yellowish, sometimes with a tendency to a reddish shade, with a fairly well-marked smoky median line and often an obvious discal liinule. All the veins are dusky. Beneath pale, dirty yellowish, often with a reddish or carmine washing. Both wings with a more or less complete outer line and a traceable discal lunule. The veins on both wings are also dark marked. Ex- panse 1.05 -1.50 in. ; 26-37 mm. Hab. — Kittery Point, Maine, August 18th. Long Island, N. Y., September 19th. New Hampshire in September. Generally dis- tributed throughout the Northern and Central States cast of the Mississippi. This species is by no means a common one, and SO far as shown by the specimens at hand seems to be very little subject to variation. The examples differ in size to a considerable extent, but very little in any oilier way. Ordinarily the spot- arc not white marked, but exceptionally they may become so. The very even geminate median lines and the very distinct and perfectly rectangular bend of the prominent median shade serve as distinguishing characters. The AMERICAN LEPIDOPTEKA. 29 antennae of the male have very feeble lateral ciliations. The male genitalia are of the type that has been already described for this section. The triangular tip is well marked and the inner face is well set with short, stiff spinules. The clasper is of moderate size and well curved, with the upper edge distinctly and strongly serrated. Hydroecia speoiosissima G. and R. 1868.— G. and R., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, 342, pi. 7, I'. 52, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Sou. Nat. Sci., i, 111, Hydrocecia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi. 269, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 177, Hydrcecia. Ground color yellowish brick red. with darker powderings. Head and thorax more or less shaded by purplish brown. The lower portion of the collar and the edges of the patagiae are particularly well shaded. Primaries with all the lines fairly well marked. The s. t. space is purplish brown, and is the only contrast- ins portion of the wing, so far as ground color is concerned. The basal line is geminate, rusty brown, and extends to the middle of the submedian interspace. T. a. line geminate, brown, the inner portion most distinct, as a whole forming a very even, slight outcurve to the submedian vein, and then bending outward abruptly to the hind margin at about the point which is reached by the median shade. T. p. line geminate, brown, the outer portion of the line broader and more purplish. The line is outwardly oblique to vein 5, then bent rather abruptly, and runs inwardly oblique to the hind margin. S. t. line defined by the differences between the s. t. and terminal spaces, and as thus defined showing sharp teeth outwardly on the veins. There is a narrow, brown terminal line. The median shade line is distinct, rather narrow, fairly well defined and angu- lated on the median vein just before the end of the cell. The ordinary spots are narrow and upright. Orbicular narrow, oval, upright and white. Ren i form very slender, narrow, defined by brown scales and white. Claviform also up- right, very short and broad. All the veins purplish brown, so that their course is traceable throughout the entire wing. Secondaries very pale yellowish or purplish, the veins darker. Beneath shaded with purplish ; the secondaries with a distinct outer line, primaries with an indication of a similar line, which is not complete in any specimen before me. Expanse 1.74-2.10 in. ; 44 53 mm. Hab. — Massachusetts in September ; Ridgewood, X. J., August 30th. Long Island, N. Y.; New Hampshire. This is the largest of the species belonging to this series. In general appearance it very much resembles inqucesita, hut in all eases the ordinary spots are narrow, upright and perfectly white. This, in addition to the strongly angulated median shades makes the insect an easily recognizable one. Of this species I have seen no males. I have had, perhaps, from all collections, a dozen fe- males; but I have not been able to get hold of the opposite sex. Were it not for the fact that both sexes of inqucesita were represented in my collection I would have been inclined to consider these two as sexes of one species. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. M \V. 1899. 80 JOHN B. SMITH. Hydrcecia rigida Grote, pi. 1, fig. 18, % genitalia. 1877. — Grote, Can. Ent., ix, 87, Gortyna. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 269. Gortyna. 1882. — Grote. Papilio, ii, pi. 1. f. 3 and 3a, Gortyna. 1882.— Grote, 111. Essay, 58, pi. 2, f. 24, Gortyna. 1893— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 176, Hydrcecia. Ground color very pale straw yellow. Head purplish gray, except on the ver- tex, which is of the ground color. Base of the collar also tinged with purplish gray. The bases of the patagia- and anterior tuft are also purplish. The same shade may he found in some specimens at the base of the abdomen. Primaries shaded with purplish between the basal and t. a. lines above the submediau vein, and also in the s. t. space below the apex. Basal line geminate, brown, ex- lending to the middle of the wing. T. a. line apparently single, the inner por- tion merged into the dusky shade: broadest and most prominent from the costa to the median vein, to which point it is outwardly and evenly oblique. It forms a rectangle above from that point to the suhmedian vein and is then curved out- wardly, the line appearing geminate at this point. The t. p. line is unusually close to the outer margin, but starts from the costa just within the apex and runs evenly oblique to the hind margin, leaving an unusually wide median space. S. t. line narrow, brown, lunulate. with distinct outer teetli on the veins; usually better defined by the. difference between the purplish s. t. and paler terminal spaces. In some cases the terminal space is almost as dark as the s. f. space and in such cases tile s. t. line is scarcely traceable. The apex is of the ground color. There is a narrow terminal line at the base of the fringes. Median line narrow, brown, with an even outcurve, which is bent just below the lower angle of the median cell. The ordinary spots are of good size, ringed with brown ; orbicular round or nearly so. sometimes with a brown central dot: reniform upright, a little constrictly centrally. In some specimens there is an inner lunule. Second- aries very pale yellowish, almost white ; a blackish line at the base of the fringes, sometimes an outer dusky line and occasionally with a lunule and marginal shading. Beneath very pale, the veins smoky, sometimes with a discal lunule, and more frequently with a smoky outer line. Expanse 1.25-1.45 in. : 31-36 mm. Hub.— Kittery Point, Maine, September 14th ; Torrington, Conn. ; Onondaga Valley, N. Y., September 15th; Massachusetts; Illinois. It is probable that this species is found throughout New England and a portion of the Middle States, west to the Mississippi River; but it is by no means common. It shows very little variation, and its very pale straw yellow color will serve to distinguish it. The genitalia are after the usual type in this series. The male antennae are furnished with short cilise. Hydrcecia harrisii Grote, pi. 2, fig. 19, % genitalia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 268. 276, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 177, Hydrcecia. ( ; round color a rusty red-brown, underlaid by a yellowish shade, very powdery. Head shaded with purplish, collar purplish, except at the tip where it is yellow- ish : patagia? more or less purplish, with a tendency to a yellowish powdering in the center, which sometimes embraces the entire thorax. Abdominal tuftiugs AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 31 also purplish, the abdomen itself varying from yellowish to purplish. The pri- maries very strongly powdered through the median space, with all the ordinary markings fairly well written. Bas:il line geminate, brown, extending to the middle : within this line the wing is yellowish, forming a yellowish spot at the base. The rest of the basal space is more or less purplish, or very strongly powdered with deeper red-brown. Sometimes this powdering invades the ex- treme base, and it may thus become uniformly purplish. T. a. line geminate, not very well defined. From the costa it is upright or a little inwardly oblique to the submedian vein, then it makes an abrupt outcurve to the hind margin near the middle of the wing. T. p. line well removed outwardly, geminate, the inner line the narrower of the two, the outer line darker. It bends abruptly outward on the costa, then forms what is practically an acute angle and runs very evenly oblique to the inner margin. S. t. line dentate on the veins, very irregular, brown, best marked by the difference between the purplish s. t. space and the more evenly brown terminal space. The apex yellowish. There is a blackish line at the base of the purplish fringes. The median shade is fairly well marked, not well defined, rather narrow, and in a general way it is upright or a little bent ou the median vein. Ordinary spots fairly well defined, rather small ; the orbicular round, usually white, sometimes with a central dot, some- times reduced to a white point surrounded by a few darker scales, in one speci- men almost black. Reniform upright, narrow, a little constricted centrally, with a very narrow central lunule, which is defined by brown edges, and outside of this there may be from one to seven whitish or white spots. Sometimes the entire reniform is white, though occasionally it becomes blackish. The claviform is short and broad, divided by a narrow central line; usually it is white, some- times it is reduced to a mere dot, and in one specimen it is blackish. Secondaries more or less smoky, shading to yellowish in one direction and to almost blackish in another. Veins smoky in most cases; a smoky discal lunule and generally also a more or less obvious outer smoky line are present. Beneath more or less washed with purplish. Both wings with a fairly well-defined median line and usually with a discal lunule, which is always more or less distinct on the second- aries. Expanse 1.42-1. 68 in. ; 33-42 mm. Hub.— Kittery Point, Maine, August 30th to September 19th; Massachusetts ; New York. Most of the specimens that I have seen of this species come from Dr. Thaxter, and I have, by his kindness, a series of nine specimens which show a greater range of variation than any other species of the genus. This variation consists not in the maculation, but entirely in the amount of the dark powdering which extends through the wing. In one case the wing is almost yellowish, with scattered brown powdering and a slightly darker s. t. space. The extreme in the other direction is a dark smoky brown shade, with just an indi- cation of the yellowish base. The s. t, space is uniform, purplish, almost blue, while the ordinary spots are nearly black. Between these extremes all intergrades are represented, yet the species is dis- TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899. 32 JOHN B. SMITH. tiii'.'l in all cases. Its nearest common relative is purpurifascia, and this almost always lias the t. p. line single and forming a rather well-marked hand, which gives rise to the name. It has also much brighter color, and is distinctly less powdery than the species under consideration. In other respects the type oi marking is almost the same, and without attention to the characters just mentioned, par- ticularly the t. p. line, it is rather easy to confuse the two. In the male the genitalia offer nothing that is peculiar or different from the other allied species. The antenna' are, as usual, ciliated ; the ciliations extremely short and forming little brush like tufts. 1 1 > verona n. sp . pi. 2, fig. 20, % genitalia. Ground colora rather sordid, yellowish red-hrown, powdered with smoky and brighter red-brown. Head, base of collar and the edges of the patagiee shaded wiili purplish. Primaries shaded with purplish at the extreme base, between the basal line and i a. lines. The space above the median vein is shaded with smoky, and the s. t. space is almost blackish. Basal line geminate, reaching to the middle of the wing. T. a. line rather indistinct, best marked by the differ- ence in shade between the median and basal spaces, geminate, inwardly bent to Hie submedian interspace, then with an outward bend to the hind margin. T. p. line distinctly geminate, both lines even, the inner narrower and not so dark as the outer, s. t. line irregular, dentate on i he vc ins, marked chiefly by the differ- ence in color between the s. t. and terminal spaces. A smoky terminal line. The veins through the terminal space are brown. Median shade fairly well defined, brown, rather evenly curved, touching the inner portion of the renil'orm. The space between the ordinary spots is powdered with purplish or smoky. Ordinary spots white marked. Orbicular upright, broadly oval, moderate in size, while, with a small central purplish dot. The renil'orm upright, moderate in si/.e. a little constricted centrally, consisting of a central yellow lunule, around which are grouped more or less evident white spots, The claviform is short and broad, white, divided by a broad line, which runs through the submedian interspace. Secondaries yellowish, with a smoky tint outwardly, the veins marked with smoky. Beneath very pale yellowish, the veins smoky, both winj^s with an extra median line and with a feebly -marked discal spot. Expanse 1.10 in. ; 27 mm. Huh. — Winnipeg, Manitoba. A single male specimen was received from Mr. Han ham. It resembles harrisii most nearly, and differs chiefly in the fact that the s. t. space contrasts with the terminal, resembling purpurifascia in thai particular. In tact the species is intermediate in most respects between harrisii and purpurifasci.a. The male genitalia are distinctive, while yet they agree with the ordinary type, and reference to the figure will best describe the structure. 'The scanti- ness of the material prevents any suggestions as to the range of variation or other characters of the species. AMERICAN LEPIDOPTKRA. 33 IIj ilrfleeisi purpurifascia G. and R., pi. 2, fig. 36, % genitalia. 1868. — G. and R., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, i, 341, pi. 7, f. 51, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., i, 110, Rydrcecia. 1874.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii, 19, Oehria. 1874.— Grote, Can. Ent., vi, 216. Gortyna. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 269, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44th U. S. Nat. Mus., 176, Hydrcecia. 1897. — Slingerlaud, Can. Ent.. xxix, 161, pi. 6, larval hist. leucostigma || Harr. 1862. —Harris, Ins. Inj. Veg., 440, Gortyna. 1863.— Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., ii, 432 = rutila. 1865. — Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., iv, 325 = cataphracta. 1873.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., i, 111 = ndila. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 268 ? = harndi. 1898.— Bird, Can. Ent., xxx, 129, pr. syn. Ground color a rather bright yellowish brick red, powdered with deeper brown and shaded with purplish. Head purplish. Collar purplish, except at the tip. Thoracic tufts aud the edges of the patagise purplish. Abdomen with a more or less evident purplish shading throughout. Primaries with all the markings fairly well defined. Basal line geminate, extending to the middle of the wing: within this the wing is of the ground color, otherwise the rest of the basal space is purple. T. a. line geminate, the outer portion of the line usually more or less obsolete, except below the submedian vein, where it is generally distinct. In course it is oblique from the costa to the median vein, then almost upright or inwardly oblique to the submedian vein and then outcurved. T. p. line usually single, abruptly bent outwardly on the costa, and then broad and evenly oblique to the hind margin, forming a rather distinct band, which is much darker than any other portion of the wing. In some specimens the inner portion of the line is traceable for a portion of the distance. S. t. line lunulate, outwardly dentate on the veins, further emphasized by the purplish s. t. space, which contrasts against the more reddish terminal space. There is a brown line at the base of the purplish fringes The apex is of the brown ground color, the median shade line narrow, distinct in most specimens, red-brown in color, moderately bent on the median vein. The orbicular is white, round or nearly sA, with a brown central dot. The reniform is upright or a little oblique, moderate in size, a little constricted centrally! There is a central lunule. and outside of this there may be one or more white spots, which may combine to form a white margin around the spot. The claviform is short and broad as usual, divided, the lower portion almost always white, the upper portion more or less white, rarely entirely so. and sometimes without any white scales. Secondaries very pale yellowish, with a purplish shading, the veins smoky, a purplish submarginal band, and the fringes also shaded with this color. Beneath powdery, very strongly shaded with pur- plish, particularly along the costa and towards the apex. Both wings with an extra median line, and the secondaries with a dusky lunule. In some cases the dusky color of the s. t. space is reproduced on the underside. Expanse 1.12- 1.52 in.; 28-38 mm. Hah. — Maine and Massachusetts in September and August ; Holderness, N. H., September 21st; New York in August and September; Illinois; Colorado. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (5) MAY. 1899. ">4 JOHN B. SMITH. This species extends probably throughout all the Northern, East- ern and Middle States, and to the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. It is one of the most common forms in the genus, and its life history has been well written by Mr. Bird. Mr. Bird has also cleared up the synonymy of Harris's species leueostigma, a name, which, unfortunately, has been preoccupied. The species varies little, except in the intensity of the coloring. Its nearest ally is harrisii, and the differences from that species have already been pointed out The genitalia of the male agree in a general way with those of the group, save that the clasper is unusually small and slender. The spinulation of the tip of the harpes is also less dense than in the immediate allies. H,V<; JOHN B. SMITH. within the angle. Beyond this line the wing is shaded with purplish and is thus a little lighter than the basal portion. The s. t. line is |>a!e, irregular, broken, preceded l>y a dusky shading. There is a dusky shade at the base of the fringes, which is broken hy white dots at the end of the veins. The ordinary spots are marked by dusky clouds on the costa. There are three white dots in the s. t. space. Secondaries yellowish, smoky, veins and a lunule darker. Beneath yel- lowish, powdery, with a purplish tinge. Secondaries with an outer dark line. Both wings with a discal lunule. Expanse 1.20 in.: 30 mm. Hah. — Northern Illinois; Cartwright, Manitoba (Heath). Through the kindness of Mr. Strecker I owe a male of this spe- cies, which I was at first inclined to consider a form of nitela. The course of the t. p. line, however, is SO different and so constant in the examples in Mr. Streeker's possession that I concluded him cor- rect in separating the species under the new name. In a general way the markings are like those of nitela ; but the t. p. line is much less evident, besides differing in course. The species is also smaller than nitela, though small specimens of the latter occur. More materia] is needed to define the species satisfactorily. In sexual characters it does not ditter to any appreciable extent from nitela. llyrii-UM'ia necopina Grote, pi. 2, fig. 23, % genitalia. I -?ii. Grote, Can. Ent., viii, 25, Gortyna. 1893. -Smith. Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 179, Hydrcecia. L898. Bird, Can. Ent., xxx. 131. habits and early stages. Ground color fawn gray or brown, powdered with tine whitish or bluish atoms. Bead and the interior portion of the collar a richer dark brown, without the powdering, otherwise there is no marking on either head or thorax. Primaries almost uniform in color, the median space slightly darker ; the t. p. line traceable in most specimens, but never prominent m any : when best marked it is seen to be geminate, made up of two very narrow lines, between which is a powdering of whitish scales. In some cases even this is entirely wanting and the wing is apparently uniform in color. Secondaries smoky, the veins a little darker and a tendency to a discal lunule. Beneath mouse may. powdered with white scabs. The fringes darker and uniform, except that they are tipped with white. Ex- panse 1.60 2 in. : 40 50 mm. ILth— Middle States; Westchester County. New York, in Sep- tember; London, Ontario, Canada This insect is one of the most easily recognizable of all the spe- cies, because of its almost uniform coloration. At first glance it resembles nitela, and indeed looks like that species with all the markings taken out, except the merest traces of the t. p. line and the somewhat paler shading in the s. t. space. None of the exam- ples that I have seen, and by the kindness of Mr. H. Bird I have a verv prettj series before me, has any trace of an s. t. line. The AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 37 structural characters of the male do not differ from those of nitela, save that the tip of the harpes is not nearly so strongly notched, while the clasper itself is somewhat heavier. The insect is by no means common, and so far as [ am aware no one has had as many specimens as Mr. Bird, who has written of its early stages. Hydroecia limpida (in., pi. 2, tig. 24, % genitalia. 1852.— Gn., Spec. Gen. Noct., i. 124, Gortyna. 1856.— Wlk., Cat, Brit. Mus. Het., ix, 157, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote, -Bull. Buff Soc. Nat. Sci., i, 110, Hydrcecia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi. 269, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 178, Hydroecia. Grouud color a very deep umber-brown, the median space of the primaries shaded more red-brown : the s. t. and sometimes the basal and terminal spaces as well, with a purplish tinge. The collar is tipped with whitish. Primaries with the markings traceable in most cases: but the chief ornamentation consists of the contrasting white ordinary spots. Basal line marked by yellowish scales. T. a. line, hardly denned in any examples seen by me; principally marked by the slight difference in shade between the basal and median spaces. This indi- cates that it is a little incurved to the submedian veins and then bent strongly outward to the hind margin. T. p. line geminate, almost blackish, with an out- ward bend to vein 4 and then somewhat incurved iu its course to the inner margin. S. t. line irregular, marked by reddish or yellowish scab?s and by a series of blackish spots which may be irregular, lunulate or formed into an almost continuous line. There is a blackish line at the base of the fringes, which are usually a little darker than the terminal space, but may be a little lighter. The median shade is blackish, outwardly bent from the middle of the costa to the lower angle of the reniform, then inwardly bent almost to the middle of the inner margin. Ordinary spots white, the orbicular irregular, usually with a central brown dot; the reniform oblique, moderate in size, a little constricted centrally, and the lower portion usually wider than the upper. It is made up of a narrow yellow central luuule, around which are grouped seven irregular white spots. Sometimes the central luuule is also white. The claviform is dou- ble, that is, consists of two spots, which may be of about the same size, or tbey may be different. Either one of them may be the larger, and either of them may be reduced to a mere point, The apex has usually a yellowish or reddish tint. Secondaries smoky, blackish, the veins marked, a discal lunule present in some cases. Beneath gray, powdery, sometimes almost purplish, becoming broken outwardly. Both wings with an exterior line and a dark discal lunule. Ex- panse 1.28-1.60 in. ; 32 40 mm. Hub. — Eastern and Middle States; Webster, New Hampshire, September 26th ; Jefferson, N. H., in August ; Chicago, 111., Sep- tember 24th. This is one of the dark species in which the ordinary spots are white and contrasting; prominent because of the contrast, which has a tendency to obscure the balance of the ornamentation which is exceedingly ill marked. Most of the specimens that I have seen TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. L899. 38 JOHN B. SMITH. are females, and in fact only two males are before me at the present time. The range of variation really consists only in the intensity of the brown shading. It may verge to red and it may tend to blackish. In the lighter specimens the lines are somewhat better define^; in the darker specimens they are almost lost. In other respects the markings are very constant. Il.i droecia cerrusata Grote, pi. 2. fig. 25, % genitalia. 1864.— Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., ii, 431, pf* 9, f. 1, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., i, 110„ Ihidra-cia. 1874. — Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., ii. IS^Umpida. 1875.— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc, Nat. Sci., ii. 2JG, sp. (list. 1881. -Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi. 269, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 178, Hydrcena, Ground color a very deep purplish brown, the median space of primaries more red-brown, hut yet very dark. Head and thorax without markings, save that the collar is white tipped. Primaries with white blotches at the extreme base, within the basal half line, which is geminate and marked with white scales. T.a. line geminate, outcurved between the veins, with a long inward tooth in the sub- median interspace and a long outcurve below that point. The line is emphasized by slightly paler scales between the ordinary defining lines. T. p. line geminate, with a broad outcurve over the cell and a slight incurve below. It is feebly lunulate between the veins. S. t. line irregular, outwardly toothed on the veins, in some cases forming a vague W, marked on veins 3 and 4. Marked further by yellowish or reddish scales, which form a pale apex to the wing and pre- ceded by blackish scales, which form a more or less broken series of dots or an imperfect shade. A blackish line at the base of the fringes. The median shade is blackish, bent below the cell, not very well defined and yet easily traceable in every instance. The reddest portion of the wing is the median space below the submedian vein. The ordinary spots are contrasting, while, the orbicular almost triangular, the angles a little pointed, the base resting on the median vein. The reniform is unusually long and narrow, obliquely set, the center yellow, around which are grouped white spots. As a whole the lower pari of the spot is broader than the upper; but in all cases the spot as a whole is very narrow. The clavi- form has the usual double white mark, and in all the specimens before me the two spots are of almost equal size. Secondaries smoky, the veins yet darker, a discal lunule visible. Beneath purplish, gray powdered, with an outer line, which is most distinct on the secondaries, and a discal lunule, which is also more prominent on the hind wings. Expanse l.ti8-2.20 in. ; 42-55 mm. Hab. —Middle and Eastern States, south to the District of Columbia: Washington, D. C, August 10th; Massachusetts in September; Iowa; Illinois. This species is a close ally to limpida, and there is very little in the general appearance to distinguish the two. The color is practi- cally the same, the markings are almost identical, except for the shape of the reniform, and this in cerrusata is unusually long and narrow. In limpida it has the more usual form, and there is noth- AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 39 ing about the form to attract attention. Mr. Grote lias pointed out this character and it remains about the only one that I can find. We are not left without positive proof of its distinctness, however, because, as already pointed out, there has been a remarkable break here in the character of the male genitalia, which can be best under- stood and appreciated by comparing figures 24 and 25 on plate 2. The explanation for this peculiar change in structure is yet to be discovered. Hydrcecia frigida n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 26, % genitalia. Ground color a dull reddish brown, more or less powdered with black. Head and thorax with a purplish gray shading. Primaries with all the markings obscure. T. a. line geminate, darker brown, very irregular, somewhat inwardly bent, but with a considerable outcurve below the submedian vein. The basal space is obscured, and, as the specimen is slightly defective, the basal line cannot be made out. T. p. line geminate, smoky, blackish, very even, a little outcurved over the cell and almost parallel with the outer margin below that point. The inclu- ded space is a little more yellowish. S. t. line irregular, blackish, broken, some- what lunulate below the middle, preceded by a blackish shading, which is out- wardly relieved by a few yellowish scales. As a whole the s. t. space is a little more purplish than the rest of the vying: the terminal space also being somewhat darker than the middle. The apex is yellowish, the fringes are blackish. The median shade is broad, diffuse, blackish, just a little, outcurved below the reni- form. Orbicular brown, small, a little irregular, with a center of the ground color. Reniform moderate iu size, a little oblique, with a brown outline and a brownish central hand. Secondaries smoky gray or blackish, with a vague extra median line and discal lunule. Beneath yellowish, with purplish scales along the costal margins. Both wings with a vague, extra median line and small, black, discal spots. Expanse 1.25 in. ; 31 mm. Hab.— Winnipeg, Manitoba, Mr. A. W. Hanliam. The type is a male and the only specimen that I have seen. The genitalia are not unlike those of the typical form, but altogether more chunky, while the clasper is shorter and heavier in propor- tion. The male characters resemble those of cerussata ; but the tip is set with much shorter and stouter pointed processes, which can hardly be called spines. The clasper is broad at the base, narrowing abruptly and forming a somewhat irregular hook, which has a jagged tip. Although very much smaller and quite different in appearance, it is evident that the species is allied to limpida, where the combination of superficial characters has placed it. Hydrcecia nil i mod a Smith, pi. 2, fig. 27, % genitalia. 18il4. — Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxi, 7!!. pi. 1. Hydrcecia. Ground color a rusty yellowish red, more or less powdery. Head and thorax with the edges of all the parts tipped with darker scales. Primaries with all tin- markings evident, but not contrasting. Basal line geminate, the space within ii TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1S99. 40 JOHN B. SMITH. being lightened by yellowish scales. T. a. line, geminate, broken, as a whole outwardly oblique to the submedian vein and then outcurved to the inner mar- gin. T. p. line geminate, smoky, the inner lunulate, as a whole outwardly bent over the cell and a little incurved below that point. The s. t. line is paler, marked by yellowish scales. The apex is yellowish, preceded by dusky scales. which form lunules or a continuous shade. All the veins dusky. Median shade smoky brown, fairly well defined, bent at the end of the median vein. The ordinary spots concolorous, orbicular of good size, narrowly ringed by brown scales, round or nearly so; reniform, moderate in size, the sides almost equal, narrowly defined by smoky scab's. Claviform double, as usual in the genus. narrowly outlined by brown scales. Secondaries whitish to smoky, with a discal lunule, an extra median dusky line and subterminal dusky shade, beyond which the wing is paler and shades to a dusky terminal line. Beneath whitish or with a reddish tinge, powdery, both wings with an outer smoky line and discal lunule. Expanse 1.50 1.60 in. ; 37 40 nun. Hub. — Colorado, Bruce. Male and female are before me and differ little except in the slightly darker shading of the male, which may not be a permanent difference. The species is easily recognizable by the uniform rusty coloration, without any contrasts, and on winch the ordinary lino or markings are yet fairly well evident. The male agrees with the species preceding in the sexual characters. The harpes are very broad at the base, narrow very abruptly to a rounded tip, ami this is rather densely clothed with stout pointed spurs or stiff spines. The clasper is a very simple, stout, slightly curved claw. Il.i «li «lr«iM'hi impeciiiiiosa. Grote. 1881. — Grote. Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 2(37. Gortyna. 1882.— Grote, Can. Ent., xiv. 184, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 176, Hydrcecia. Ground color a powdery, rusty red-brown, more or less shaded with purplish. Head and thorax very strongly shaded. Primaries with the extreme base of the ground color to the geminate basal line. T. a line outwardly bent between the veins, as a whole upright to the submedian vein, then with a long outcurve to the inner margin. Above the submedian vein the basal space, except within the basal line, is purplish. T. p. line geminate, unusually close to the outer margin, the inner line very feebly developed and hardly distinguishable in some speci- mens; the outer broad and distinct, very strongly bent below the costa and then running almost parallel with the outer margin and inwardly oblique to the hinder margin. S. t. line, yellowish, defined chiefly by the difference between the purplish s. t. space and the less powdery terminal space. The. apex of the palest ground color. Fringes purplish. The median shade is unusually pronii- Dent, blackish or very dark purplish brown, almost rectangularly bent below the reniform. The ordinary spots are well defined, but not white marked. Orbicu- lar small, round, with a central brown dot, else of the palest ground color. Reni- form moderate or rather small in size, only a little constricted in the center, with the usual central lunule. but otherwise without powdering. The claviforni is double, as usual, of the palest ground color and without powdering in the speci- mens before me. Beneath powdery, shaded with purplish, with a broad, common outer line and a fairly well-marked discal lunule on both wings. Expanse 1.20-1.50 in.; 30:!7 mm. Hab. — -Massachusetts; New York; New Hampshire; Illinois. Ithaca, N. Y., October 6th ; Amherst, Mass., September 20th ; Champaign, 111., at electric light, September 27-28th. This is a rare species apparently, and I have seen only four speci- mens in which, fortunately, both sexes are represented. The spe- cies is quite markedly distinct by the unusually pointed primaries. They are really acute, and as a whole are rather narrower than those of the other species immediately allied to them. In the male the sexual pieces offer nothing that is peculiar. AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 43 Hydroecia circuiuluceus n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 31, £, genitalia. Ground color an even yellowish or red-brown, witli powderings. Head and thorax shaded with purplish : a white tuft at the base of the antennae. The disc of the thorax is more nearly of the ground color, and indeed the amount of pur- plish shading varies in the different examples. Primaries with a white dot at the middle of the base, all the lines traceable, but none of them contrasting. Basal line geminate, extending to the middle of the wine;, sometimes a little white marked, occasionally, in the darker specimens, scarcely traceable. T. a. line geminate, as a rule white marked on the costa, but this also varies; a little incurved and inwardly oblique to the submedian vein and then with the usual strong outcurve. T. p. line broadly bent over the cell, well removed outwardly, then oblique and a little curved to the inner margin. The line is geminate; but the inner portion is quite usually obsolete. S. t. line marked by the contrast between the usually darker s. t. space and the terminal space; also emphasized by a few yellowish scales. It is outwardly toothed on the veins and irregular as a whole. The apex is yellowish. The veins are marked with purplish, the median shade line narrow, purplish brown, not contrasting, bent below the reni- form. The inception of the t. p. line on the costa is marked by a white spot, and there are three white dots on the costa before the s. t. line. The ordinary spots are white and contrasting; the orbicular triangular, narrowly outlined by dark scales, the. reniform moderate in size, a little constricted centrally, the lower por- tion a little broader than the upper, the central portion consisting of a yellow lunule surrounded by white, broken into spots as usual by the veins. The clavi- form is double, white, the upper spot being uniformly smaller than the lower. Secondaries varying from yellowish to purplish, sometimes with a central lunule. Beneath shaded with reddish over a yellowish ground, hardly powdered, even on the secondaries the veins a little darker. An outer line in most of the speci- mens under examination, though a trace only in the darkest examples. Expanse 1.28-1.60 in.; 32-40 mm. Hub. — Newark, N. J.; Long Island, N. Y. ; Pennsylvania; Champaign, 111. ; Nebraska. This species has been confused with rutila in collections generally ; but it differs from that species quite obviously. It is a very narrow form in the first place, which makes the primaries look shorter, it is even in color, without powderings, and finally there is hardly any contrast between the different portions of the wing: the s. t, space, especially, being scarcely darker than the balance of the wing. There is very little variation, so far as the specimens before me indi- cate. Altogether ,ten examples have been under examination from various collections. The male otters nothing that is peculiar, and is of the regulation type for this series. The clasper seems a little more toothed than in rutila, and is perhaps a little longer in propor- tion. The tip of the harpe is not quite so much notched. Hydroecia rutila (In., pi. 2, figs 32 and 33, % genitalia. 1852. — Gn.,"Spec. Gen. Noct., i. 123. pi. 6, f. 1, Gortyna. 1856.— Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus. Het., ix, 157, Gortyna. 1873.— Grote. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. s,-i.. i, 111, Hydroecia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi. 268, Gortyna. 1893. -Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 177, Hydroecia. TRANS. AM. KNT, SOC. XXVI. MAY. !-!»:' 44 JOHN B. SMITH. Ground color yellowish red, powdered with rusty brown. Head and thorax shaded with purplish, a white tuft at the base of the. antenme, tip of the collar pale. There is a white spot at the middle of the extreme base of the wing. Basal line geminate, extending to the middle of the wing and within it the base is of the palest ground color. Beyond this line the basal space above the sub- median vein is filled with purplish, and this sometimes extends through the cell, forming a dark cloud, which is quite prominent in some specimens. T. a. line geminate, inwardly oblique, rather difficult to trace in most examples, except below the submedian vein, where it is strongly outcurved. T. p. line geminate, outcurved over the cell and almost evenly oblique below that point. S. t. line irregular, outwardly dentate on the veins, the lower rusty brown. The s. t. space is contrastingly purplish, and this shading may extend so as to darken the terminal space, except at the apex. The fringes are also purplish. The median shade line is narrow, not very obvious in most cases above the reniform. obliquely inward to about the middle of the inner margin. The ordinary spots are distinct ; the orbicular moderate in size or rather large, with a tendency to become trian- gular in shape, sometimes with a dusky central dot. The reniform is moderate in size or rather small, almost even, the white margining spots rather narrow, so that as a whole the spot is not so strongly contrasting as in some other cases. The claviform is double, the upper spot as a rule hardly half the size of the lower, the latter varying from round to oval, the oval being the more usual form. Beneath yellowish, powdered with purplish, with a discal lunule and a more or less obvious outer line on both wings. Expanse 1.28-1.68 in. ; 32-42 mm. Hab.— From Canada to Virginia, west to Colorado; Maine; Massachusetts; New York in September ; Central Illinois, August 29th ; Champaign, 111 , August 3rd. This is one of the most common forms belonging to this series and is represented in most collections. It is powdery, and the con- trasting s. t. space is easily recognizable in good examples. The reniform is not strongly contrasting, the white spots being narrow and the central portion or lunule being itself not very large. There is nothing to be added to what has been already said of the sexual characters, which are of the usual type. In the figures 33 shows the parts flattened out on the slide and distorted by crushing. It is a camera lucida sketch like all the others and illustrates the im- portance of seeing rightly. Hydrcecia appasioiiata Harv. is7(i. — Harv., Can. Ent., viii, 155, Gortyna. This species is perhaps best described by comparison with rutila, with which it is generally confused in collections. It is indeed, on close examination, more like limpida, but much redder in general tint. The main characteristic in this species is the very large reniform. the inferior portion of which is much larger than the upper, and this constitutes the most striking feature. The primaries are also much more prominently shaded with purplish, this shading extending through the median and filling almost the entire terminal space. In other respects and in general type of marking the resemblance to rutila is evident. Expanse 1.20-1.50 in.; 32-37 mm. Hab. — Long Island, N. Y. ; London, Ontario. By the kindness of Mr. Moffatt I have an example from London, AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 4") from which locality Dr. Harvey's type was received. This example agrees very well with the description, and I have no others that agree as closely. Dr. Harvey's specimen was evidently a very fresh example, in which all the contrasts were well defined. Ordin- arily the examples appear much more sordid than mentioned by him. Only three examples all told are before me and none of those are males. Hydreecia margiiiicleiis Gn., pi. 2. fig. 34, % genitalia. 1852.— Gn., Spec. Gen. Noct., i, 123, Gortyna. 1856.— Wlk., Cat. Brit. Mus. Het., is, 157, Gortyna. 1873— Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., i, 111, Hydroecia. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 269, Gortiimt. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 177, Hydreecia. Ground color a muddy, yellowish red-brown. Head and thorax with a slight purplish shade, the tip of the collar white, a white tuft at the base of the antennae. Primaries not strongly powdered. As a whole the median space is slightly more reddish or yellowish than the rest of the wing, the basal space and all beyond the t. p. line having a purplish or darker red-brown shading. Basal line geminate, extending to the middle of the wing, and between it and the base the wing is white. T. a. line geminate, not strongly marked, very frequently with white scales between the brown defining lines: its course, as usual, a little incurved to the submedian interspace and then strongly outcurved to the margin. T. p. line broadly curved over the cell, then inwardly oblique. It is geminate, the outer portion heavier, purplish and irregular, the inner more brown and with a strong tendency to become luuulate. S. t. line pale, irregular, dentate on the veins, largely defined by a slight difference in shading between the terminal and s. t. spaces. There is a brown terminal line at the base of the fringes, and the apex is yellowish. The median shade line is narrow, usually fairly well defined, a little irregular, somewhat evenly outcurved, or with only a feeble angle below the reniform. Sometimes it is a little lunulate. The ordinary spots are all present; the orbicular' white, moderate in size tending to become triangular, often with a brown central dot, reniform large in every direction, little con- stricted centrally, considerably broader inferiorly than above. There is the usual irregular central luuule, which, in this species, is also white and is com- pletely surrounded by white spots, which arc bounded by the brown veins. The claviform is as usual broken, the two parts similar in size, the upper crossed by a portion of the t. a. line, and as a whole a little smaller than the other. The sec- ondaries are dull, very pale yellowish, with a rosy tinting. There is an outer line visible in some specimens and this may be modified into an s. t. shade. In some instances a smoky lunule is also visible. Beneath pale, shading from yel- lowish to purplish, more or less powdery along the margins, with a rather dis- tinct and narrow outer line, and a more or less evident discal luuule. which is quite frequently absent on the primaries. Expanse 1.50-2 in. ; 27-50 mm. Hub. — Northern, Eastern and Middle States. Albany County, N. Y., Sept. 18th ; Illinois in Sept. ; New Jersey ; Virginia ; Mass. This is a large species resembling eerrusata in some respects. It is easily distinguished from the other red species by the irregular reniform, which, besides being very large, has the inferior portion much broader than the upper. In this it agrees with appasionata, but that species is smaller, much deeper in color and more powdery. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899. -Hi JOHN B. SMITH. Si niie of the small examples of this species I have seen marked rutila in collections ; but for that species the shape of the reniform is always a good distinctive feature. The male characters are much as in the allied species, except that the harpes are unusually broad, the clasper is perhaps a little longer and more twisted than usual ; but this may be due to the large size of the entire insect. Hydroecia. f'urcata n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 35, % genitalia. Ground color varying from straw yellow to reddish lnteous. Head and thorax in the paler specimen with a rosy tinge, particularly well marked on the head, at the sides of the collar and at the tips of the thoracic and abdominal tuf tings In the darker specimens this tuft becomes purplish. Primaries with all the mark- ings fairly evident. Basal line geminate, brownish, tending to become obscure, and in the darker specimens merged into the ground color, leaving the inter- vening spaces a little paler. T. a. line geminate, brownish, irregular, as a whole somewhat inwardly oblique from the costa to the submediau vein, below which it makes an outcurve so that the termination of the line on the internal margin is almost opposite its inception on the costa. Here also the tendency is, in dark specimens, to lose the lines and leave the included spaces a trifle paler. T. p. line geminate, crenulate. the inner line best defined, but the outer one almost equally distinct. As a whole the line is very evenly curved over the cell and below that point nearly parallel with the outer margin or with only a slight incurve. S. t. line irregular, outwardly dentate on the veins, somewhat lunulate and marked by a preceding dusky shading, the terminal space being a little paler, except where cut by the brownish veins. There is a terminal brown line, beyond which the fringes are brownish or a little purplish. There is an obvious median shade which is a little diffuse, outwardly oblique from the middle of the costa to the median vein, where it touches the reniform, and is then inwardly oblique and even to the inner margin. The orbicular is white, defined by a brownish line and is somewhat irregularly oval. The claviform is elongate, a little irregular, also white and with a brown outline. Between these two spots is a small white dot situated just below the median vein and also with brown out- lines. A small white dot is on the median vein just beyond the basal line. The reniform is very large, a little constricted centrally, the lower portion consider- ably broader than the upper; the center of the spot a yellowish lunule, which is incompletely ringed with white, the white extending beyond the cell and cut up into small spots by the brown veins which run through it. In all there are seven spots varying in size and shape according to their location, which com- pose the outline of the reniform. Secondaries whitish or yellowish, without markings of any kinds. Beneath whitish or yellowish, immaculate. Expanse 1.2.") 1.80 in. ; 31-45 mm. Hah.— Long Island, N. Y. ; Carlstadt, N. J., Doll; Manchester, N. H., Ottolengui ; Urbana, 111., Forbes. Five specimens, all males, are before me. The insect resembles very strongly the serrata of the Rocky Mountain fauna; but the antennae of the male are ciliated only, the joints hardly marked. The insect also resembles marginidens quite strongly and is probably confused with that species in collections. It differs by the paler color throughout, by the general absence of white spots in the basal AMERICAN LEFIDOPTERA. 47 space inside of the basal line, by the very small dot between the white orbicular and claviform, and finally by the shape of the reni- forin, in which the center is never white and in which the inferior portion is very much larger than the upper. In the secondaries of this species there is no trace of maculation. Finally, and more important than all, the sexual pieces are characteristic. While the harpes agree in a general way with those of marginidens and its allies, the clasper is absolutely unique. We have what may be considered the typical hook ; but near its apex there arises a long, slender, curved branch like the prong of a deer's horn. There is nothing like this in the genus, and the species is therefore easily recognized when a male is at hand. The range of size is as great as that of marginidens, which it so closely resembles. Mr. Doll informs me that the larva of this species bores in the young shoots of ash. Hydrflecia erepta Grote. 1881.— Grote, Bull. Geol. Surv., vi, 267, Gortyna. 1893.— Smith, Bull. 44 U. S. Nat. Mus., 175, Hydreecia. "A stout and rather aherrant form. Eyes naked; front unarmed; tibiae unarmed ; feeble dorsal tuftings on the abdomen. Yellow. Fore wings dull orange yellow with the lines fuscous, simple. The exterior well removed out- wardly, a little waved between the veins. Half line present; interior line uneven, a little outwardly projected below median vein. Claviform a simple outline, incomplete. Orbicular concolorous, a small ringlet. Reniform small, a white half-mooon in a blackish shade. Hind wings dull yellowish, with faint discal mark and exterior line. Beneath dull yellowish, with faint exterior com- mon line and discal marks. The insect is nearly concolorous ; fore wings and thorax darker. An even terminal line on primaries. Antennae simple, ciliate beneath. Expanse 34 mm." Douglas County, Kansas, Professor Snow. Synonomical List of the Species. HYDR(ECIA Gn. HYDRCECIA. 1. H. albilunata Sm. lunata || Sm. 2. H. u-album Gn. purpuripennis Grt. baliola Morr. 3. H. velata Wlk. sera G. and R. 4. H. interoceanica Sm. 5. H. atlantica Sm. nictitans J Auct. americana Speyer. lusca Harr., mss. 6. H. paoifica Sm. 7. H. juvenils Grt. 8. H. imrnanis Gn. 9. H. stramentosa Gn. 10. H. obliqua Hare. TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1899. 48 11. H. medialis Sm. 12. H. pallescens Sm. 13. H. senilis 8m. 14. H. serrata Grt. PAPAIPEMA. 15. H. cerina Grt. 16. H. inqusesita G. and R. qu&sita Grt. 17. H. speciosissiraa G. and R. 18. H. rigida Grt. 19. H. harrisii Grt. 20. H. verona Sm. 21. H. pnrpurifascia G. and R. leucostigma || Harr. 22. H. nitela Gn. var. nebris Gu. JOHN B. SMITH. 23. H. nelita Strck. 24. H. necopina Grt. 25. H. limpida Cu. 26. H. cerussata Grt. 27. H. frigida Sm. 28. H. unimoda Si». 29. H. angelica Sm. 30. H. cataphracta Grt. 31. H. impecuniosa Grt. R. 32. H. circumlucens Sm. 33. H. rutila Gu. 34. H. appasionata Harv. 35. H. marginidens Gn. R. 36. H furcata fcm. Unknown to me 37. H. erepta (irt. EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. Male genitalia of Hydrwcia, the figures showing harpe and clasper in each ease. The figures on plates 1 and 2 are numbered consecutively. 1. H. albilunata 8m. 2. H. u -album Hn. 3. H. velata Wlk. 4. H. interoceanica Sm. 5. H. atlantica Sm. 6. H. pacifica Sm. 7. H. nictitans Linn. (Europe). 8. H. juvenilis Grt. 9. H. immanis Gn. 10. H. stramentosa Gn. 11. H. obliqua Harv. 12. H. medialis Sm. 13. H. pallescens Sm. 14. H. senilis Sm. 15. H. serrata Grt. 16. H. cerina Grt. 17. II. inqusesita G. mid 11. 18. H. rigida Grt. EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. 19. H harrisii (Irt. 20. II. verona Sm. 21. H. nitela Gn. 22. H. nebris Gn. ■!'■',. II. necopina '■> workers with corbiculae, 9 without; maxillary palpi very short, 1-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed, with the joints very unequal, the first two long, valvately compressed- ... Fam. I. APID^E. 2. First submarginal cell not, or rarely, divided by a delicate, oblique nervure; if at all present, incomplete or indicated by a hyaline streak or ner- vure; sexes two, $,%: hind tibiae in 9 outwardly convex or rounded, never concave ; no corbiculae ; basal joint of bind tarsi in 9 not forci- pateatbase; malar space, except in Psithyridae, wanting or indistict, never very large . . 3. First submarginal cell most frequently divided by a distinct, but delicate, oblique nervure, rarely indistinct; bind tibiae and metatarsi in 9 strongly dilated, outwardly concave (in a single case only convex, but this has a channel along the hind margin Aglse) ; metatarsus in 9 forcipate at base; malar space large, distinct. Labium transverse, subtrapezoidal, the clypeus not carinate; body densely hairy; scutellum semicircular, rounded off posteriorly and not pro- jecting over the metanotum; sexes three, 9> £, % ; 9 a"d £ w&* corbiculae, and a dense pollen iferous scopa on hind tibiae and tarsi ; labial palpi 4-jointed; maxillary palpi short, 2-jointed ; tongue not extending beyond apex of thorax Fam. II. BOMBIDiE. Labrum large, subquadrangular, the clypeus, and most frequently the labrum also, carinate; body most frequently metallic, bare or only slightly pubescent, rarely very densely pubescent Eulema; scutellum large, quadrangular, projecting over the metanotum, the axillae very small : sexes two, 9- V > the 9 with corbiculae, but with the polleniferous scopa on hind tibiae and tarsi very sparse and thin, and confined to the lateral edges; labial palpi 2-jointed ; maxillary palpi 1-jointed; tongue reaching to or beyond the middle of abdomen. Fam. III. EUGLOSSID/E. '■>. Front wings with two submarginal cells 5. Front wings with three submarginal cells. Eyes extending to or nearly to the base of the mandibles, the malar space wanting or at most not longer than the pedicel 4. Eyes not nearly extending to the base of the mandibles, the malar space large, distinct, longer than the pedicel and first joint of fiagellum united. .Marginal cell very long, as long or longer than the three submarginal cells united; body rather densely pubescent; abdomen broadly oval or oblong, flat beneath, convex above; 9 without a polleniferous scopa : % with the eyes frequently strongly convergent above, the genitalia, squama and laciuia always membranous. . .Fam. IV. PSITHYRIDAE. 4. Labrum large, free, convex or inflexed. Marginal cell not especially long or narrow, rarely longer than the first two submarginal cells united. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 00 9 with a dense polleniferous scopa on hind tibise and tarsi; body clothed with a dense pubescence: maxillary palpi 2-6 jointed. Fam. V. ANTH0PH0RID7E. 9 without a polleniferous scopa or at most with a thin, sparse flocculus on hind tibise; body most frequently bare or nearly; the pubescence, if any, short and sparse, rarely densely pubescent ; species often metallic or rufous and black, the abdomen most frequently ornate, with white or yellow maculae or bands Fam. VI. NOMADIILE. Marginal cell long and narrow, usually as long or longer than the three sub- marginal cells united. Hind tibiae and tarsi with a sparse pubescense, but without a distinct scopa ; maxillary palpi usually 6-jointed ; body metallic or submetallic, nearly bare; abdomen elongate, subcylindrical, the segments more or less constricted at sutures. Small species Fam. VII. CEBATTNID^E. Hind tibiae and tarsi with a dense scopa; maxillary palpi 5-6-jointed, rarely wanting; thorax more or less densely pubescent, at least laterally; abdomen not elongate, with a scopa beneath : eyes in % often strongly convergent above Fam. VIII. XYLOCOPIL\E. 5. Lab rum large and free, uncovered ; maxillary palpi 4, 5 or 6-jointed (rarely wanting Oxzea) ; body densely pubescent, the hind legs with a dense scopa ; ventral scopa present. Marginal cell neither long nor narrow. .Fam. V. ANTHOPHORIDiE (pars). Marginal cell very long and narrow- • • -Fam. VIII. XYLOCOPIDiE (pars). Labrum not large and free, most frequently entirely covered by the clypeus (Megachilidse), or, if somewhat visible, then strongly inflexed (Stelididae). Abdomen in 9 with a ventral scopa; labrum entirely covered by the clypeus. Fam. IX. MEGACHILID.E. Abdomen in 9 without a ventral scopa; labrum more or less visible, not entirely covered by the clypeus, strongly inflexed. Fam. X. STELIDID.E. 6. Labium or tongue short, broad, obtuse or emarginate at apex, never acute medially ; hind femora with or without a distinct golden brush or flocculus 7. Labium or tongue long or short, but always acute medially at apex ; hind femora always with a pollen brush or flocculus, rarely very thin and sparse. Front wings with two submarginal cells; labium or tongue long or short, usually, however, narrowed and longer than the mentum ; labrum rather large, distinct, not covered by the clypeus, but most frequently inflexed Fam. XL PANURGIDiE. Front wings with three submarginal cells; labium or tongue shorter or not longer than the mentum, triangular, not narrowed, rarely long; lab- rum not free, more or less hidden by the clypeus, or with basal pro- cesses always visible Fam. XII. ANDRENlDzE. 7. Front wings with three submarginal cell ; head and thorax more or less clothed with a dense pubescence; second recurrent nervu re often more or less sinuate ; lingua at apex rather deeply triangularly emarginate ; hind femora in 9 with a pollen brush or flocculus. Fam. XIII. COLLETID.E. TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY. 1899. 56 WM. H. A8HMEAD. Front wings with two submarginal cells; head and thorax bare or nearly; second recurrent nervure always straight; lingua very short and broad, shallowiy or very obtusely triangularly emargiuate at apex: hind femora without a pollen brush or flocculus. Fain. XIV. PKUSOl'ID.K. Family I. APWM. To this family, as here restricted, belong all the genuine honey- making social bees, living in large communities and consisting of three sexes, females ( or queens), workers and males. Here belong the common hive-bee, the domesticated bees of various countries and the stingless bees of subtropical and tropical regions. The family is at once distinguished from all the other families of bees by the total absence of apical spurs on the hind tibia?, by the venation of the front wings, and by the workers being furnished with corbiculse. This last character is absent in all other bees, except in the Bombida? and Euglossida', which, however, are large, robust bees, with two apical spurs on the hind tibia?, while the vena- tion of the front wings is quite different. Two subfamilies have been recoguized, distinguished as follows: Ta b le of Subfam Hies. Front wings with two (rarely three) distinct cubital cells, the marginal cell lanceolate, slightly open at apex ; stigma lanceolate or uarrow ovate ; eyes bare, extending to base of mandibles ; 9 an. 3. Third submarginal cell, along the cubitus, longer than the first, or at least of an equal length 4. Third submarginal cell, along the cubitus, equal to the first or very much shorter 5. 4. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, distinctly shorter than the first or third, the third nearly as long as the first, or a little longer and much nar- rowed above, rarely are the. first and second subequal, the second being most frequently much shorter than either the first or third, quadran- gular or wider than long 17. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, somewhat longer than either the first or third ; first discoidal cell about equal in length with the marginal cell; clypeus smooth; first recurrent nervure received by the second at or a little before its middle. Thorax clothed with a dense pubescence, the abdomen more or less bare. except at base ; marginal cell rather short, obtuse or rounded, the third cubital cell much narrowed above ; hind legs in J with a long, dense scopa; mandibles 3-4 dentate < fill ris Fabr. 5. Third cubital cell much narrowed above, the third transverse cubitus angu- lated or strongly curved inwardly before uniting with the radius. .10. Third submarginal cell not or scarcely narrowed above, the third transverse cubitus nearly straight or only slightly curved outwardly; the third submarginal cell along the radius, therefore, as long as, or nearly as long as, along the cubitus. Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, never longer than the first, most fre- quently smaller or shorter, quadrate or nearly .6. 6. Third cuhital cell not nearly quadrate, much narrowed above 13. Third cubital cell quadrate or nearly, never much narrowed above; first cubi- tal cell, along the cubitus, a little longer than the second or distinctly longer. Second cubital cell quadrate or nearly, distinctly shorter and smaller than the third, or then wider (higher) than long, or trapezoidal ; clypeus in % yellow ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed 9. Second and third cubital cells, along the cubitus, equal or very nearly, fully as long or longer than wide. Clypeus in 9 black, in % yellow; maxillary palpi 5 or o'-jointed ; abdo- men sometimes with pale fascia} ; first recurrent nervure received by the second near or a little beyond its middle; first discoidal cell much longer than the marginal 7. Clypeus in both sexes yellow; maxillary palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen with yellow fascia} or narrowly fasciate with white hairs. Saropotla Latreille. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNK. 1899. 60 WM. H. ASHMEAD. 7. Mandibles at apex bluntly rounded, truncate, or at must bidentate ; labial palpi 1- join ted 8. Mandibles in both sexes tridentate; labial palpi 4-jointed; first recurrent received by the second cubital cell a little beyond its middle, the sec- ond cubital slightly narrowed above < 'li*o. First recurrent nervure almost interstitial with the second transverse cubitus ; basal joint of hind tarsi in % normal. Second cubital cell almost quadrate, distinctly shorter than the third, the latter along the radius being about one-third shorter than along the cubitus; abdomen without fascia- Eniphoropsis Ashm. n. g. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital near its middle, the second recurrent received by the third cubital cell, either near its middle or near its apex; basal joint of hind tarsi in % loug, curved Second cubital cell trapezoidal, wider (higher) than loug, but about twice as long along the cubitus as along the radius; abdomen not fasciate. Emplior Patton. 10. Stigma distinctly developed, although never very long, but at least twice as long as wide 22. Stigma very small, short, not longer than wide or subobsolete, never well developed (except in Diadasia) ; radial cell at apex remote from costa. Submedian cell never much shorter than the median, equal or very nearly 11. Submedian cell much shorter than the median 15. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BKES. 61 11. First discoidal cell fully as long or distinctly longer than the marginal cell. Basal joint of hind tarsi in % normal, not curved, in 9 produced at apes beyond the insertion of the second joint; flagellum not depressed. .12. Basal joint of hind tarsi in % very long and curved or simply bent; flagel lum in 9 subdepressed ; first recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell near its middle, the second recurrent received by the third, either near its middle or beyond near its apex Second cubital cell trapezoidal wider (higher) than long, but twice as long along the cubitus as along the radius; abdomen not fasciate. Emplior Patton 12. Head rather large, the ocelli arranged in a transverse line; mandibles at apex bidentate; abdomen in 9 5-segmented, in % 6-segmented ; hind tibise without a knee plate ; claws bifid Nouoeca Latr. Head normal, the ocelli arranged in an obtuse triangle, or on a slight curved line ; mandibles at apex simple or bidentate. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, distinctly shorter than the first or third. 14. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, as long or very nearly as long as the first, both being considerable longer than third 16. 13. Cubital cells, aloug the cubitus, about equal or subequal, the third along the radius only half as long as along the cubitus. Second cubital cell a little larger than either the first or third, and along the radius longer than along the cubitus; first recurrent nervure re- ceived by the second before the. middle ; mandibles 3-4 dentate. < Vnt ris Fabr. Second cubital cell not larger than the first or second, usually a little shorter, and along the radius not longer than aloug the cubitus, usually shorter; first recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell far beyond the middle, or interstitial with the second transverse cubitus; mandibles edentate, or at most bidentate at apex. Abdomen in 9 with 5 dorsal segments, not fasciate; antennge filiform; claws simple Epicolpns Spin. Abdomen in 9 with 6 dorsal segments, fasciate or subfasciate; claws cleft; maxillary palpi 5 jointed; clypeus in 1 yellow, the antenna- very long Tetralouia Spin. 14. Abdomen in 9 w'tn °", in % with 7 dorsal segments; antenna? in 9 not long, subcom pressed at apex, in % very long; bind tibial spurs normal; claws cleft. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; second cubital cell quadrate or nearly, scarcely narrowed above, the first recurrent nervure received at its apical fourth Syuhalonia Patton. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell at its extreme apex, or very nearly interstitial with the second transverse cubitus, the second cubital cell longer than wide ; thorax clothed with a whitish or cinereous pubescence; abdomen fasciate. Tetraloaiella Ashm. n. g. (Type T. graga Everm.). First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell only a little beyond its middle, or at most at its apical third, the second cubital cell quadrate or a little wider (higher) than long; thorax clothed with a fulvous pubescence XeuOglOSSH Smith TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1899. 62 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed, the first and last joints very short, minute, scarcely longer than thick ; second cubital cell quadrangular, longer than wide, the first recurrent received at about its apical fourth. Melissodes Latr. (pars). 15. Marginal cell at apex broadly truncate, with an appendage. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, not longer than the second, the latter somewhat narrowed above, and receiving the first recurrent nervure at its extreme apex, or just before the second transverse cubitus; third cubital cell a little the longest cell ; first discoidal cell shorter than the marginal; dorsal abdominal segments broadly and sharply depressed at apex, the depressed portion being differently sculptured from the basal portion; no fasciae on segments; pygidial plate subtriangular, rounded at apex ; claws in 9 simple, in % cleft; clypeus yellow in both sexes; mandibles bidentate : eyes in % convergent above, the face narrowed; flagellum subclavate, the first joint of flagellum very long Meliturga Latr. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, longer than the second, the latter quad- rate, receiving the first recurrent nervure at its middle; legs densely hairy, the middle, tibial spur simple; knee plate on hind tibia} want- ing; claws cleft. Melitoma Latr. 16. Second cubital cell wider (higher) than long 19. Second cubital cell as long or longer than wide. First and second cubital cells, along the cubitus, of an equal length or nearly, the third distinctly shorter and smaller than the others; first recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell a little beyond its middle; clypeus prominent, bicarinate, the carina?, convergent pos- teriorly ; mandibles at apex tridentate; maxillary palpi very short, 2-jointed, the first joint short. Epicharis Klug ? = Melissoptila Holmh. 17. Clypeus in % not pale or yellow, at most and very rarely, with a pale stripe ; antennae in % not or very little longer than in the 9 ; maxillary palpi 4-6 jointed 21. Clypeus in % more or less yellow (rarely black), in 9 black ; antennae in % very much longer than in the 9 °1- deformed ; maxillary palpi 3, 4, 5-6 jointed 1*. Clypeus in both sexes yellow or white; antennse short and much alike in both sexes; recurrent nervures received respectively by the second and third cubital cells a little before the first and second cubiti. Marginal cell at apex broadly obliquely truncate ; dorsal abdominal seg- ments broadly, sharply depressed at apex, the depressed part differ- ently sculptured from the basal portion ; claws in 9 simple, in % cleft; eyes in % convergent above; mandibles bidentate; flagellum subclavate Melit urga Latr. Marginal cell at apex not truncate, narrowly rounded, or somewhat pointed ; dorsal abdominal segments at apex notdepressed, uniformly sculptured . claws cleft in both sexes; eyes in % not convergent above; mandibles simple; flagellum filiform IVIeliturgopsis Ashm. n. g. 18. First and second cubital cells, along the cubitus, equal or nearly, considerably longer than wide, but shorter than the third: first recurrent nervure CLASSIFICATION OP THE BEES. 63 received by the second cubital cell beyond the middle; mandibles at apex bluntly rounded, edentate: maxillary palpi 3-jointed. Epimelissodes Ashm. n. g. (Type M. atripes Cr.). First and third cubital cells, along the cubitus, subequal, the second smaller or shorter than either the first or third, the third the longest. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell at or near its middle or beyond the middle, the second recurrent received by the third cubital cell near its apex or almost interstitial with it; third transverse cubitus not strongly angulately bent, the knee formed by the curvature of the vein towards the radius rounded. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; submedian and median cells equal ; abdomen in 9 black, not fasciate Syiiliulon i;i Patton. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed ; submedian cell a little shorter than the median. Xenogloss Smith. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen fasciate or subfasciate (rarely with- out) IVIelissodes Latr. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell much beyond its middle or its apex, the second recurrent received by the third cubital cell just in front of the third transverse cubitus (only interstitial) ; third transverse cubitus strongly angulated or bent, its upper half or more bent inwardly towards the radius, so that the third cubital cell along the radius is only one-half as long (or even less) than along the cubitus: first discoidal cell not longer than the marginal cell, most frequently somewhat shorter. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed; abdomen in 'J, not fasciate, in 9 fasciate: sub- median cell a little shorter than the median. Eiisynlialoiiia Ashm. n. g. (Type 8. Edwardsii Cr.). Maxillary palpi 5-jointed, the last two joints united, scarcely longer than the third, first and second joints subequal, much longer than the third ; submedian cell very distinctly shorter than the median ; second cubi- tal cell quadrangular, longer than wide, but shorter than the first or third ; abdomen fasciate, or iu 9 clothed with a fine, short, whitish or pruinose pubescence. Xenoglossodes Ashm. n. g. (Type X. albata Cr.). Maxillary palpi 4-jointed : scopa on hind legs iu 9 long niid densely plu- mose ; antennae in £ longer than the thorax, the clypeus yellow (rarely black). Maxillary palpi with all the joints slender, the second and third elongate, the first and fourth very short; abdomen fasciate. Mel issodes Latr. Maxillary palpi with the first joint enlarged, thickened, nearly as long as 2-4 united, the following slenderer, the second about as long as 3-4 united Eeplectica Holmberg. 19. First and third cubital cells, along the cubitus, about of an equal length or nearly, the second much smaller, wider (higher) than long; transverse median nervure interstitial or nearly, at most uniting with the median veinjustin front of the basal nervure; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. .21. 20. First and second cubital cells subequal, the second a little the longer; basal depression on first abdominal segment bounded superiorly by a dis- tinct transverse carina; hind tibiae in 9 with a dense scopa : antennse in % very long, much longer than in 9, the clypeus yellow, maxillary palpi 5-joiuted Eucera Scopoli = Anthophorvla Ckll. TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNK, 1899. 64 WM. H. ASHMEAD. 21. Stigma more or less developed, at least twice as long as wide. Abdomen smooth, polished, or microscopically reticulated, with hair bands, the venter with a long, sparse pubescence ; hind legs in 9 with rather long, sparse, black scopa, but conspicuously plunose; tongue much elongate, extending to apex of the first abdominal segment; maxillary palpi with joints 1-2 of an equal length; first joint of labial palpi scarcely half the length of the second ciliated; basal joint of hind tarsi in % long, slightly curved, but not produced into a process beyond the insertion of the second joint Eiiteclniia Patton. Abdomen rarely polished, densely pubescent and usually fasciate, the ven- ter with a long, dense pubescence; hind legs in £> with a long, dense, whitish, griseous or yellowish scopa; tongue not greatly lengthened: joints 2 and 3 of maxillary palpi almost twice as long as the first; first joint of labial palpi longer than the second ; basal joint of hind tarsi in % very long, strongly curved and produced into a long process beyond the insertion of the second joint. Ancyloscelis Latr. = Diadasia Patton. 22. Second submarginal cell, along the cubitus, longer than wide 23. Second submarginal cell, along the cubitus, wider (higher) than long and scarcely half the length of the first. Transverse median nervure not interstitial, but joining the median vein a little beyond the origin of the basal nervure; first recurrent nervure interstitial or nearly with the second transverse cubitus ; second recur- rent nervure received by the third cubital cell at its apex or just before the third transverse cubitus; hind tibia? with a long, dense scopa; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed. Exomalopsis Spinola. 23. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell a little before its middle, the second recurrent received by the third near its ape:: : maxillary palpi 6-jointed; labial palpi? 2-jointed. Tetrapaulia Klug. First recurrent nervure received by the second cubital cell distinctly beyond its middle, or near its apex, nearly interstitial witli the second trans- verse cubitus ; second recurrent nervure almost interstitial with the third transverse cubitus ; basal depression of first segment bounded by a transverse carina superiorly; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, joints 1-4 subequal in length, 2-6 shorter; clypeus in male yellow. IHadasiella Ashm. n. g. (Type D. coquilletti Ashm.). Family VI NOMADID^. (The Cuckoo Bees). To this family belong the cuckoo or parasitic bees, with three sub- marginal cells in the front wings. Most of the species are bright colored or metallic-blue or green, with the abdomen most frequently marked with white pubescent macula?, banded, or ornate with yellow or white. All, without exception, live parasitically in the nests of other bees, CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 65 and have undoubtedly originated from other bees, through different lines of descent. It is evident, however, that most of them are de- scendents from various Anthophorid bees, since they agree more nearly with these bees in venation and the characters of the mouth parts than with any of the others. They are easily distinguished from the Anthophoridse, however. by color, by the 9 having no polleniferous scopa, or at most with only a very short, sparse pubescence, and by their bodies being most frequently bare or nearly, the pubescence, if any, being short ami sparse. Very rarely are they densely pubescent on the head and thorax, as in the Anthophoridse. The species are metallic, or rufous and black, or rufous and yellow, the abdomen being most frequently ornate with yellow or white maculse or bands. Some of them also resemble quite closely some of the Stelididse, another family of parasitic bees; but the latter have only two sub- marginal or cubital cells in the front wings, while the labrum is, as a rule, not so well developed nor so prominent and always strongly inflexed. I believe also that the Stelididse had quite a different line of descent, or from the Megachilidse, their characters agreeing more nearly with this family than with any other. The numerous genera, now placed in the Nomadidse, may be dis- tinguished by the use of the following table : Table of Genera. Marginal cell at apex not separated from the costa 17. Marginal cell at apex rounded, always separated from the costa or trioleate. Cubital cells, along the cubitus, nearly of an equal length, the first as a rule somewhat the longest cell 11 Cubital cells, along the cubitus, of an unequal length, one or another most fre- quently longer or much smaller, the first usually much the longest, or at least somewhat the longest (very rarely with the third the longest Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, longer than either the first in- second 13. Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, equal to the first or distinctly shorter 2. 2. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, much longer than the third, sometimes as long as the second and third united :;. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, equal or nearly equal to the third, never very much longer. Second cubital cell either petiolate or very much narrowed above: marginal cell elliptical, not or only a little longer than the first cubital cell, or less than half the length of the first discoidal cell ; SCUtellum sub- bilobed ; axilhe rounded behind ; abdomen short, subglobose as viewed from above: labial palpi 3-jointed, the first joint stoat, longer than 2 3 united ; claws with a tooth or cleft /aro^mia Aslim. TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (9) JUNE. 1899. 66 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Second cubital cell quadrate or trapezoidal, as long as the first or third, coni- cal, banded or marked witb white pubescence; maxillary and labial palpi 4-jointed Lei opod us Smith. 3. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, shorter than either the first or third, or the second and third are equal or nearly. Third cubital cell, along the radius, much shorter than along the cubitus, being narrowed above 16. Third cubital cell, along the radius, as long as along the cubitus, not narrower above than below 4. 1. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, much shorter than the second and third. .9. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, as long as the second and third united or nearly. Third transverse cubitus angularly broken, not strongly curved outwardly. .8. Third transverse cubitus not angularly broken, strongly curved outwardly. .5. ."">. Submedian cell somewhat longer than the median, but the transverse median neivure is straight, oblique or only slightly bent, but not angulated. .7. Submedian cell much longer than the median, the transverse median neivure strongly angulated or > shaped 6. i) Body black, the thorax densely pubescent, with griseous or pale fulvous hairs above. Abdomen black, immaculate; scutellum broad, the axilbe produced poste- riorly into long, acute teeth or spines, the postscutellum unarmed. Bombomelecta Patton. Abdomen black, shining, but the dorsum with maculae of white pubescence laterally; scutellum somewhat convex, scarcely bilobed, the postscu- tellum armed with a spine or tooth, the axillae normal, unarmed ; maxillary palpi 5-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed HI electa Latr. Body rufous or rufous and black, bare or nearly; scutellum bilobed, the axilla* triangularly acute at apex, but neither long nor extending beyond the bind margin of the middle lobe. Pyrrhomelecta Aslun. n. g. (Type Epeolus glabrata Cr.). Body black, the thorax almost bare above, the abdomen dorsally banded with white or with white lateral maculae; axillse triangular; scutellum proper [middle lobe) very large, flat, quadrangular and extending over the metathorax, the hind margin sinuate; labial palpi 2-jointed ; maxillary palpi 5-jointed. • • •'• C'rocisa Latr. 7. Third cubital cell not narrowed above, the marginal cell not longer than half the length of the first discoidal cell. Scutellum bilobed. each lobe with a short conical tooth on its disk; axillse normal; postscutellum unarmed; labial palpi 5-jointed; maxillary palpi 4-jointed, the last joint minute. . ■ I'seudomelecta Radoszk. Scutellum terminating in two pointed tubercles; axillae produced posteriorly into acute incurved spines ; postscutellum unarmed; labial palpi 4-jointed ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed, the basal joint minute globose Thalestria Smith. Third cubital cell narrowed above, being much shorter along the radius than along tin- cubitus, the marginal cell longer thau half the length of the first discoidal ; labial palpi 2-jointed. Metathoraeic angles densely pubescent : transverse median nervure notangu- late; scutellum bilobed Ericrocis Cress. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 6' Metathoracic angle bare or with a very short appressed pubescence; trans- verse median nervure angulate; scutellum convex, with a very slight median depression posteriorly, or at most sub-bilobed ; axilla; triangu- lar, blunt behind EpeolllS Latr. 8 Mandibles simple ; abdomen with transverse bands. Free portion of the marginal cell much less than that occupied by the cubi- Ulls I>«>ri..g>ella Holmberg. Free portion of the marginal cell much greater than that occupied by the cubitals; second cubital cell subtriangular ; maxillary and labial palpi as in Dosringiella Tropliocleptria Holmberg. 9. First recurrent nervure. not interstitial with the second transverve cubitus, but joining the second cubital cell before or beyond the middle 11. Frst recurrent nervure interstitial with the second transverse cubitus. First and second cubital cells, along the cubitus, of an equal length or nearly, the second sometimes a little the longer ; labial palpi 4-jointed. • . -10. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, longer than the second, the latter hardly so long as the third ; scutellum normal ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed. lthaf lij in us Lepel. = Liogaster Perty. 10. Second cubital cell, alone, the cubitus, twice as long as the third, the latter wider than long; scutellum bituberculate; maxillary palpi 1-jointed, with an annulus at base Eurytis Smith = Hopliphora Lepel. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, rarely much longer than the third ; scu- tellum bilobed ; maxillary palpi 3-jointed Melissa Smith. 11 First recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell at or before the middle..^. First recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell beyond the middle. Scutellum simple, rounded posteriorly; mandibles bidentate ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed ; labial palpi 2-jointed Melectoldes Taschenb. Scutellum bituberculate. Second cubital cell smaller than the third, both a little narrowed above, the second along the radius scarcely two-thirds the length of the third : tibial spurs simple Mesocheira Lepel. Second cubital cell longer than either the first or third, oblong-quadrate, the third petiolate ; hind tibial spurs simple ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed Mesonychiu ... Lepel. Scutellum distinctly bidentate. Second cubital cell almost quadrate, a little smaller than the third ; mid- dle tibiae with one spur, its apex bifid, the posterior tibial spurs serrate ... . Mesoclieira Lepel. within 12 Marginal cell separated from the costa its entire length; second recurrent nervure interstitial with the second transverse cubitus; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed Florentiua D. T. Marginal cell separated from the costa only towards the apex ; second recur- rent nervure not interstitial. Labrum longer than wide. Maxillarv palpi wanting; labial palpi appearing as a single long bristle: mandibles bidentate- Exasrete Hoffmansegg = Ghrymntheda Perty. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed; second cubital cell trapezoidal; scutellum normal, subconvex Epeichar.S Ladoszk. Maxillarv palpi 3-jointed; second cubital cell quadrate; scutellum ele- Enicl.aro.des Radosz. vated r „VVJ JUNE. 1899. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XX\ I. 68 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Lab rum wider than long. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; second cubital cell shorter than the third ; scu- tellnm not elevated ; mandibles bidentate Epeoloiries Girard. 13 Second and third cubital (tells each receiving a recurrent nervure 16. Third cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervines; middle tibial spur dilated and serrated 9 Acanthopiis Klug. 14. Third cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervines; antennae very long, longer than the body % . Acantliopiis Klug. = Cteniosehelns De Roman. Second and third cubital cells each receiving a recurrent nervure. Metallic bluish green species; clypeus mith a median depression, but not bounded by distinct carina? laterally; the clypeus itself, however, laterally before its apex has a carina, which curves towards the base of the eyes; scutellum large, with a ridge or elevation at sides; maxil- lary palpi 2-jointed ; labial palpi 4,jointed Agla? Lepel. lf>. First and second cubital cells subequal, shorter than the third, the secoud trapezoidal ; non-metallic species. Labium normal, without a median depression, yellow ; clypeus and abdo- men yellow, the latter banded with black ; autenme in % deformed, the scape very stout, the flagellum subcylindrical, tapering towards apex, the last joint produced into a curved spine, as in Alcidamea Or. ; hind femora much swollen. < iiMi oiio ill aria Ashm. n. g. (Type ('. Bruneri Ashm.). lb. Second and third cubital cell, along the cubitus, about equal, shorter than the lirst; second cubital cell quadrate. Abdomen normal, neither lengthened nor narrowed ; hind femora, with a tooth beneath; maxillary palpi 6-jointed : labial palpi 4-joiuted. Lipotriches Gerst. Abdomen much lengthened and narrowed; 9 with the terminal ventral segment much produced, forming an elongate receptable for the base of the sting, which is greatly exserted ; hind femora simple. Osiris Smith. 17. Marginal cell not quite as long as the three cubital cells united, narrowly rounded at apex, and with a slight appendage; second cubital cell quadrate, half the length of the first; first recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell near its apex, the second recurrent joining the third beyond its middle; scutellum large, transverse quadrate greatly produced and extending over the metathorax, similar to Crocisa, depressed above, with its apical margin medially triangularly emarginate; abdomen as in Croeisa, with oblong, pearly white spots at the apical angles of the dorsal segments; tongue long, densely pilose (Africa). . • C'roeisaspiriia Ashm. n. g. (Type C. chandleri Ashm.). Marginal cell as long as the three cubital cells united, well rounded at apex ; third cubital cell oblong-quadrate, almost as long as the first and sec- ond united, the second cubital- the smallest cell— scarcely half as long as the third and narrowed above; first recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell a little beyond the middle, the second recurrent joining the third at its middle; scutellum large, quadrate, with a tubercle on each side at base: abdomen narrow, acutely conical, the hist ventral segment produced much as in Osiris. t'celioxoiries tress. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 69 18. Submedian cell distinctly longer than the median ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. Nomada Scopoli. Submedian cell not longer than the median ; maxillary palpi 5-jointed. Brach} uomatfa Holmberg. Family VII. CERATLNIDjE. (The Small Carpenter Bees). The bees placed in this family I have called "The Small Carpen- ter Bees," on account of their habits being similar to the large car- penter bees, or the family Xylocopidse. Indeed, their relationship to this family is extremely close, although I consider them just as closely allied to certain Ostniines in the family Megachilkhe. The European authority, Dr. Schmiedeknecht, has placed them in the family Xylocopidse and this arrangement has been followed by Dr. Friese and others. They are mostly small metallic blue, blue-black (rarely black), blue-green, or bright green bees, almost entirely devoid of pubes- cence and without a distinct polleniferous scopa on hind legs and venter, and in their very much smaller size and general appearance are so totally different from the large carpenter bees that I cannot believe they are at all related. I have therefore not hesitated, since the characters lacking in the species are of great taxonomic import- ance, to separate them as a distinct family. Two genera can be distinguished, as follows : Table of Genera Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, fully as long as the first, but so much nar- rowed ahove, along the radius, that its length is reduced one-half; second cubital cell the shortest, narrowed above; second and third cubital cells each receiving a recurrent nervure beyond the middle; antenna; short, subclavate; head seen from in front a little longer than wide; maxillary palpi 4-6 -join ted ; labial palpi 4-jointed. Males ; mandibles bidentate 2. Females; mandibles tridentate. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed' Zatlontomerus Ashm. n. g. (Type C. tejonensis Cr.)- Maxillary palpi 6-jointed Ceratina Latreille. 2. Hind femora produced into a large triangular tooth beneath: genital ventral plate trapezoidal, not wider than long; maxillary palpi 4-jointed. Zadonl « ru- Ashm Hind femora normal; genital ventral plate semicircular, twice wider than long; maxillary palpi 6-jointed Ceratina Latreille. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1899. 70 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Family VIII. XYLOCOPID.E. (The Large Carpenter Bees). The bees belonging in this family are for the most part very large, robust bees, having the head and thorax, especially laterally, clothed with a rather dense pubescence, the abdomen convex above, with a ventral scopa, while the hind tibire and tarsi in the females are furnished with a dense polleniferous scopa. These bees closely resemble the bumble bees, and some of the largest bees, if not the largest bees known, belong to it. I have included with them two genera of uncertain position, namely, Oxcea and Lestes, which probably should be considered as a subfamily Oxseinre. They are placed here on account of possessing the long, narrow, marginal cell, which is characteristic of the family. Dr. Henry Freise has quite recently placed Oxa-a with certain Col letidse, Megacilissa, Gaupolocana, etc., but I cannot believe this to be its true position, since the mouth parts are totally different from these bees. Its affinities, it seems to me, are much closer to the Anthophorida?, where some authorities have already placed it. I believe, however, its true position can only be settled definitely when its habits are known. The genera which I have recognized in this family may be tabu- lated as follows : Table of Genera. Front wings with three cubital cells 2. Front wings with two cubital cells. Thorax in J with either a blue or bluish gray pubescence ; maxillary palpi 5-jointed, the first joint short, stout, the second much the longest joint; lab rum in 9 trilobed ; % with the eyes somewhat convergent above, the tibiae long and rather slender, the bind tibia? at apex pro- duced into a strong blunt process beneath (Java). Cyaneoderes Ashm. n. g. (Type C. Fairchildi Ashm., also A*", coerulea Fabr. ). 2. Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, only slightly longer than the second, but along the radius a little shorter; second cubital cell oblong-quadrate, never triangular; legs clothed with moderately long, sparse hair. . . .5. Third cubital cell much longer than either the first or second. Second cubital cell half the length of the first, quadrate or nearly; first recurrent nervure interstitial or nearly with the second transverse. cubitus 4. Second cubital cell triangular; first recurrent nervure interstitial or nearly with the second transverse cubitus, sometimes entering the second cubital cell just in front of this nervure; second recurrent nervure received by the third cubital cell a little beyond the middle: eyes densely pubescent. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 71 Scutellum posteriorly truncate, the apical margin acute and projecting over the metanotum ; basal abdominal segment broadly, deeply con- cave, at base, the concavity superiorly acutely margined ; labial palpi 5-jointed, the three basal joints elongate, the last two minute; eyes extending to base of mandibles, in male more or less strongly conver- gent above 3. Scutellum rounded off posteriorly, not projecting over the metanotum ; basal abdominal segments only slightly concave at base, the impres- sion superiorly rounded, not acutely margined ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; eyes not quite extending to base of mandibles, in % not strongly con- vergent above ; intermediate legs normal. Xylocopa Latr. = Shornherria Lep. (Type X. violacea Latr.). 3. Labium in 9 trilobed ; scape of antennae cylindrical, not flattened. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, much longer than the first; mandibles tridentate ; % with the eyes not strongly convergent above, the inter- mediate legs deformed, their tarsi compressed, with a .long, lateral fringe of hairs Mesotrichia Westw. (Type M. torrida W.). Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, shorter than the first; mandibles bi- dentate; % with the eyes not or only slightly convergent, the inter- mediate legs normal, but both the intermediate and the anterior tarsi fringed with very long hairs Koptorlliosoma Gribodo. Labrum in 9 unilobed, or with a median carina on ridge; scape of antenna; flattened ; second cubital cell, along the cubitus, about equal to tbe first: % with the eyes strongly convergent above, almost holoptic; front coxre armed with long spines beneath ; front tarsi broadly dilated. Platynopoda Westw. =Andmeta Lepel. (Type A', latipes Fabr.). 4. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed, gradually tapering from the base to apex, the basal joint stout, about half the length of the second, the third shorter than the basal joint, the apical joint slender, minute ; labial palpi 4-jointed. shorter than the labium testis Lepel. 5. Maxillary palpi wanting; first joint of flagellum, in both sexes, elongate, nearly as long as the scape ; eyes in 1 strongly convergent and almost meeting above Oxa*a King. Family IX. MEGACHILID.E. (The Mason, Leaf-cutting and Potter Bees). The bees placed in this family are exceedingly common, and are found widely distributed into all regions of the globe. In the num- ber of genera and species it will probably exceed all of the other bee families, except possibly the Anthophoridse. It seems to be dividable into three natural groups, which I have designated as subfamilies. These may he distinguished by the fol- lowing simple characters: Table of Subfamilies Abdomen in 9 always with a ventral scopa. Abdomen above convex; terminal tarsal joint always with a distinct pul- villus between the claws. . . Subfamily I. Osmiixje. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1899. 72 W.M. H. ASHMEAD. Abdomen above less distinctly convex, somewhat flat, depressed, rarely subconvex ; terminal tarsal joint without a pulvillua between the claws. Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervines; stigma poorly de- veloped, narrowed, but about twice as long as wide; submedian and median cells most frequently equal, rarely with the submedian the longer; abdomen never banded or maculate with white or yellow, at most with hair bands. Subfamily II. Megacuilin.e. Second cubital cell receiving only one recurrent nervine — the first, the second recurrent joining the radius a little beyond the second trans- verse cubitus, or at most interstitial with it ; stigma scarcely devel- oped, at most not or scarcely longer than wide; submedian cell most frequently a little longer than the median], sometimes equal with it ; abdomen above bare, always banded or maculate with yellow-white or rufous, never fasciate with hair hands. Subfamily III. Anthidiin.k. Subfamily I. Osmund. (The Mason Bees). The bees placed in this subfamily are readily separated or distin- guished from the next two families, into which I have divided the family, by always having u distinct pulvillus between the c/ 4-dentate; second ventral segment normal. Ashmeadiella Ckll. Mandibles at apex hidentate: clypeus in 9 with a lamina, tubercle or ridge anteriorly; triangular area of metathorax opaque, crenulate basally ; % antenna? crenulate beneath, the pygidium deeply emarginate, hiden- tate or forked. . Chelostoma Latr. = Gyrodroma Klug (Thorns.) = Chelynia Prov. 1 Maxillary palpi 5-jointed; flagellum in both sexes compressed : abdomen in % elongate, usually with the segments narrowly fasciate. the impression at base of first segment not broad, poorly defined, usually represented by a longitudinal sulcus .",. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen most frequently shorter, not elongate, the first dorsal segment with a broad, subcoocave impression at base, rarely otherwise. TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (10) JUNE. 1899. 74 WM. H. ASHMKAD. Antennae similar in both sexes, never deformed in the % 6. Lntennse dissimilar in the sexes, in % deformed, in 9 filiform, simple; scape always stout; first dorsal abdominal segment at base convex not broadly impressed, at most with a longitudinal sulcus; stigma in front wings well defined. Flagellum iu % thickened, the joints compressed, submoniliform, nearly of an equal length, the terminal joint abruptly constricted into a slen- der curved spine; scape large, robust; pygidium triangular, the apical angles of the sixth dorsal segment dentate; second ventral segment with a median prominence or ridge Alcitfaiuea Cress. Flagellum in £, with the joints of an unequal length, joint 2-5 compressed, dilated, joint 6 suddenly narrowed towards apex, the apical joint sim- ple ; scape rather long and robust, slenderer towards base ; abdomen elongate; pygidium obtusely triangular, with a deep transverse im- pression on disk, the apical lateral angles of the sixth segment den- tate; first ventral segment subtriangularly produced at apex. V ndrouicus Cress. 5. Body black or blue-black, the thorax with a griseous pubescence, sometimes mixed with black hairs; mandibles at apex very broad, 4-dentate, or at least trisinuate ; 9 scopa black; the dorsal segments, except the first or second at sides, not fasciate ; 0 abdomen most frequently with narrow fasciae, sometimes interrupted medially, the pygidium large, twice as broad as long, with a depression on the disk, the apical margin subarcuate ; lateral angles of sixth segment acute. Vloiiumef list Cress. (i. .Malar space wanting, the eyes extending to the base of mandibles; 9 with the posterior orbits normal, not produced below into a tubercle behind base of mandibles; antenna? in %, shorter than the thorax or no longer 7. Malar space distinct, as long or a little longer than the pedicel, the eyes not quite extending to base of mandibles; 9 with the posterior orbits produced at base into an angle or tubercle, usually a little back of the mandibles and between them and the eyes; clypeus in 9 deeply emarginate anteriorly, and often armed with a horn, tooth or tubercle on each side; % with the antenna longer than the thorax, the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally and apical ly entire, not sinuate or emarginate, the pygidium semi-circular or obtuse-triangular, entire or at least never deeply emarginate at apex, at most with a very slight sinus < «t:i tosmia Thorns. 7. Tibial spurs pale or rufous, never black or blue-black; abdomen most fre- quently not metallic, very rarely distinctly metallic; ventral scopa in 9 white, rufous or fulvous, never black; % with the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally sinuate, or emargiuate and frequently with a lateral tooth, the pygidium at apex emarginate, bi- or tri-deu- tate, rarely entire 9. Tibial spurs black or blue-black; body metallic, or at least the abdomen is metallic, black, blue-black or seneous black. Ventral scopa in 9 rufous or black only at apex 8. Ventral scopa in 9 white 8i. Ventral scopa in 9 black. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEKS. 75 Mandibles long, rostriform or subrostriform, at apex forcipate; maxillary palpi rather long; metathorax with its basal area opaque or nearly ; labrum with two fascicles of black or rufous hairs (one on each side), which project from under the clypeus ; % with the antenna} short, the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally entire, not sinuate, and with no sinus or incision at apex, the pygidium trapezoidal about twice as wide as long, the apex with only a slight emargination, never deeply emarginate Melanosmia Schmiedek Mandibles not long rostriform, very broad, 4-dentate, and usually with some rufous hairs above towards apex : maxillary palpi short; clypeus with a median production anteriorly; % with the antenna? shorter than the thorax, the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally some- times sinuate, but not toothed, the pygidium deeply emarginate at „___. Osiuia Panzer = Chalcosmia Schmiedek. 8 Mandibles obtuse or 4-dentate; body black, densely pubescent; 9 with the antennae short, the flagellum compressed or subcompressed. % with the antennae very short, compressed and much dilated towards the base the third ventral segment armed with a long spine, the pygidium , . Arctosmia Schmiedek. quadrate £ with the pygidium entire; mandibles 4-dentate, forcipate; body blue- black or aeneous black, with fulvous pubescence. Acerotosinia Schmiedek. 8i Mandibles iu both sexes 3-dentate, the apical tooth acute; clypeus slightly produced anteriorly and squarely truncate; maxillary palpi short ; body metallic or at least submetallic; anterior tibial hook distinct, acute ; % with 'the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally most frequently sinuate but not toothed, with a slight or distinct median emargination apically, the pygidium deeply semi-circularly emarginate, bidentate.. Nothosmia Ashm. n. g. (Type 0. distmcta Cr.). 9. Mandibles differently shaped, not subrogate; maxillary palpi short, the last joint minute, subobsolete * " " " " " . ' Mandibles subrostrate, forcipate; maxillary palpi rather long; body black, subaeneous, and more or less densely pubescent, the abdomen fasciate metathoracic basal area opaque ; scopa in ? rufous; % with the sixth dorsal abdominal segment at apex emarginate and laterally deeply sinuate and dentate, the pygidium bidentate. Amblys Klug = Helicosmia Thorns. (Type 0. bicornts L. i. 10. Abdomen black or metallic, never rufous; ventral scopa in ? white, or more rarely ru fous ..•••• • Abdomen rufous or rufous and black, punctate ; ventral scopa m ? white oi fulvous; pygidium in % bilobed. Pseudosmia Eadoszk. = Erythrosmia Schmiedek. II Axilla, posteriorly normal, not produced into a spine; occipital margin not acutely rimmed ; ventral scopa in ? white or rufous -1 ^xill* produced into acute teeth posteriorly, which extend beyond the port- scutellum- anterior tibial hooks wanting; occipital margin superiorly acutely margined : ventral scopa in ? rufous; % with the sixth dorsal abdominal segment at apex serrated, the first or second ventral segment . , Hoi>lo*niia Thorns. sometimes spined * JUNE, 1899. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. 7<> WM. H. ASHMKAI). 12. Hind tibial spur in 9 normal; abdomen subdepressed, thinly fasciate with wliite hairs; "J, with the second ventral segment simple, not produced into a spine 13. Hind tibial spur in 9 broad, sulcate beneath ; body hlack. the abdomen .sub- glabrous, distinctly punctate and usually subfasciate, the ventral scopa rufous; clypeus at apex simple, the disk sometimes with a smooth impression ; mandibles 3-dentate; anterior tibial hook wanting or indistinct ; 'J, with the second ventral segment armed with a long spine or tooth. % pygidium elongate-quadrate, the apex slightly rounded, not emarginate or forked Acaiithosmia Thorns. ^ pygidium trapezoidal and deeply emarginate at apex, therefore bidentate, the sixth dorsal segment laterally slightly sinuate, but entire at apex, ah hough on its disk apically is a slight median furrow or sulcus. Acaiithosmioidcs Ashm. 1.. g. (Type 0. odontogaster Ckll.). 13. Body black, not at all metallic ; pygidium in ^ not tridentate 14. Body metallic ; pygidium in % tridentate. Clypeus in 9 subemarginate or truncate, in % tridentate; thorax above clothed with dense fulvous hairs; abdomen fasciate, the ventral scopa rufous, rarely whitish: mandibles in 9 3-dentate, in % bi-dentate; pygidium in % deeply bi-emarginate, forming 0 teeth, the median tooth acute, the lateral teeth rounded at apex, the sixth dorsal seg- ment laterally sometimes dentate Trideiitosmia Schmiedek. 11. Clypeus at apex serrate-crenulate: anterior tibial book distinct ; front wings with the transverse median nervure uniting with the menian vein a little before the origin of the basal nervure or interstitial ; mandibles in 9 3-dentate, in % 2-dentate; % with the pygidium semi-circular, entire, the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally strongly emargin- ate, forming a tooth. iloplitis Klug = Ctenosmia Thorns. (Type 0. adunca Panz.) Clypeus anteriorly rounded, unarmed ; anterior tibial hook generally wanting or poorly developed, obtuse ; front wings with the transverse median nervure uniting with the median vein a little beyond the origin of the basal nervure; mandibles in both sexes 3-dentate; % with the pygi- dium emarginate at apex or forked, the sixth dorsal abdominal seg- ment laterally sinuate, dentate. V ill liocopa Latreille = Furcosmia Schmiedek. Clypeus at apex unarmed; body black, with fulvous hairs, the abdomen fasciate, the scopa rufous: mandibles 4-dentate; % with the pygidium with a deep impression or fovea on its disk, the sixth dorsal abdominal segment laterally dentate, the middle femora armed with a tooth beneath Megalosinia Schmiedek. Subfamily II. Megachilin^e. tThe Leaf-cutting Bees). The bees placed in this subfamily closely resemble those in the former, ami it requires long practice and an experienced eye to separate some of them from each other, although the head, as a rule, CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. ' * is more transverse, the temples not so broad, the stigma in front wings poorly developed, but narrower and longer, while the abdo- men above is more depressed, most frequently distinctly fasciate or with white hair bands, the basal segment sharply truncate or broadly concave at base, so as to fit close to the metathorax when elevated. The absence of pulvilli between the claws is, however, the only reliable character that will separate them. To this group or subfamily belong the genuine leaf-cutting bees, so called from the habit the female has of cutting small, almost cir- cular pieces out of the tender leaves of various trees and plants, wherewith to line its cells. The cells themselves are cylindrical, tubular, or, in outline, not unlike a small open-mouthed vial, com- posed of numerous layers of pieces of leaves, wrapped into shape, layer upon layer, as a cigarmaker wraps his cigar ; these cells are arranged in rows, end to end, one upon each other, in burrows or tunnels made in the ground or in decaying wood. The genera are not numerous and may be recognized by the use of the following table : Table of Genera. Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures. Mandibles strong, broad, dilated at apex and 3-, 4- or 5-dentate 2. Mandibles narrower, simple, bi- or tri-dentate, never broad or dilated at apex. Mandibles simple or bideutate at apex ; 9 with a prominent lamina beneath the insertion of antennae ; pygidium in % simple or trilobed ; maxillary palpi 6-joiuted ; labial palpi 4-jointed. 9 with the inner spur of hind tibise lunulate and finely serrated within ; apical abdominal segments in % trilobed; mandibles simple. Ctenoplefta Smith. 9 with the inner spurs of hind tibise normal ; apical abdominal segment in % unarmed, the antennas long, the apical two joints compressed, spatulate; mandibles in % simple, in 9 bidentate. Steganomus Ritsema = Cyathoeera Smith. Mandibles tridentate or subtridentate ; 9 with a prominent lamina or ridge beneath the insertion of the antennae ; pygidium in % terminating in a tooth or strong spine, the antennas normal ; maxillary and labial palpi 4-jointed LiturgUS Latr. •> First cubital cell not longer than the second, of an equal length or nearly ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed Megachile Latr. (sens lat). First cubital cell distinctly longer than the second • 3. 3. Marginal cell appendiculate at apex, or at least with a stump of a vein 4. Marginal cell not appendiculate at apex. Labial palpi 4-jointed, the two basal joints elongate. 3 4-jointed, subclavate ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed, minute; antenna- long, joints it 11 very long and slender, 12-13 abruptly clavate Tliaumalosoiiia Smith. TRANS. AM. EST. SOC. XXVI. JUNE' 1H"- 78 WM. H. ASHMEAD. 4. Abdomen above highly convex ; mandibles with the outer tooth strong and very acute, usually with a pencil of long ferruginous hairs before tips; outer apical edge of tibiae acute ; clavvs long, acute, simple. Chalicodoma Lepel. Subfamily III. Anthidiin^. (The Potter Bees). The bees belonging here are always brightly colored or ornate, and are at once distinguished from those in the two preceding sub- families by having the second recurrent nervure uniting with the radius beyond the second transverse cubitus or cubital cell, or at most interstitial with the second transverse cubitus. In no species that I have examined have I found a single specimen with the second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures. All of the bees belonging here are also readily distinguished from the others by their color being either black and rufous or rufous and yellow, with the abdomen always banded or maculate with yellow, white or rufous. The habits of the group, too, curiously enough, is also quite differ- ent from the others. The female, normally, constructs a globular cell, not unlike in appearance to that of an Eumenid, but much smaller, attached to the stem of a plant, and made of a, waxy-like substance and down stripped from pubescent or woolly-leafed plants. Only three genera have been recognized, distinguished as follows : Table of Genera. Second recurrent nervure joining the radius behind the second transverse cubitus. 2. Second recurrent nervure interstitial with the second transverse cubitus. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen more or less ornate with tufts or fascia- of white pubescence; the seventh segment in % with a slender median spine and with two longer, stouter lateral spines Serapiw Smith. "i. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen red or ferruginous, not spotted or fasciate with yellow; % abdomen at apex tridentate. Euaspi* Gerst. Maxillary palpi 1-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen most frequently black, rarely ferruginous, fasciate or maculate with yellow, rarely ornate with white; % abdomen nearly always toothed or spined at apex \ lit hid in ill Fabr. Family X. STELID.E. (Parasitic Bees). This family is composed of genuine parasitic bees, living — like CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 79 the Nbmadidae — in the nests of other bees, species belonging to it having been bred from the cells of Anthophora, Megachile, Anthi- dium, Osmia, etc. All are without a ventral scopa, and also with- out scopa on the hind legs. The species composing it come nearest to the Megachilidae, and some of the genera, as has been suggested by Dr. Friese, are off- shoots from some of these bees. The parasitic habits, so noticeable in various groups of insects, primarily or originally, I think, must have been evolved or devel- oped independently, through lack of sufficient food supply, until it became acquired and hereditary in the offspring, The family is dividable into two subfamilies: Table of Subfamilies. Claws with pul villi between Subfamily I. Stelidin^e. Claws without pulvilli between Subfamily II. Ccelioxin^;. Subfamily I. Stelldin^e. The bees placed in this group, as with the Osmiinse in the Mega- chilidse, always have a distinct pul villus between the claws, which readily separate them from those found in the Ccelioxinse. Dr. Henry Friese suggests that the group, or at least the genus Stelis, originated from Anthidium. Five genera are now recognizable : Table of Genera. Second cubital cell receiving only one recurrent nervure, the second recurrent uniting with the cubitus behind the transverse cubitus 2. Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures. Abdomen black or blue-black, usually with white transverse bands or macu- late; mandibles tridentate; maxillary palpi 2-jointed; % with the pygidium subemarginate, the hypopygium tridentate. JVIelanostelis Ashm. 2. Abdomen black or rufous and black, immaculate, clothed with a scattered pu- bescence; scutellum rounded and produced behind over the base of the abdomen 4. Abdomen black or rufous, and most frequently ornate with white or yellow spots; scutellum quite differently shaped, normal or with lateral teeth ; maxillary palpi 1 or 2-jointed (rarely wanting) ; labial palpi 4-jointed. Scutellum with lateral teeth behind ; head narrower than the thorax 3. Scutellum without lateral teeth behind ; head fully as wide as the thorax. Clypeus not lengthened, well rounded ; maxillary palpi 1 or 2-jointed ; abdomen semiglobose, the segments broadly banded with yellow or white, as in Anthidium, £, with the anal segment entire, rounded, ending in a strong thorn- • • • l'rotoslelis Friese. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE. 1899. 80 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Clypeus lengthened and deeply emarginate; maxillary palpi 1 -join ted ; abdomen longer, cylindrical, with large white spots, in 9 with the apical margin of the sixth segment toothed, in % with the seventh armed with a tooth HI el idoiiiorphu Moraw. 3. Clypeus rounded, not lengthened ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed ; abdomen rounded or oval, black, rarely with small, indistinct maculae; % with the seventh segment rounded Stelis Panzer. 4. Apex of scutellum with a deep median depression ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed ; labial palpi 4-joiuted ; mandibles 3-dentate; apical abdominal segment in t, tridentate Parevaspis Ritsema. Subfamily II. CcELIOXIlOE. The bees composing this group are very much commoner and much more numerous in genera and species than are the Stelidinse. Their habitus also is quite different; as a rule, more robust, less ornate, black, or at most with a rufous abdomen, the segments being some- what constricted at sutures, or, if not, the abdomen is acutely pointed at apex ; claws always without pulvilli between. Dr. Friese suggests that Oclioxys, Dioxys, etc., originated from Wegachile. The genera are fairly numerous, separated as follow.- : T'lhfe of Genera. Marginal cell at apex mure or le.ss remote from the costa, or somewhat truncate' •'-'. .Marginal cell at apex attaining the costa. Median and submedian cells about equal ; mandibles simple ; hind femora normal H y poch rot «e ilia Hblmberg. Median and submedian cells unequal: mandibles at apex bidentate; hind femora much swollen, their tibise dilated, the tarsi very long. (Ediscelis Philippi. '.'. Marginal cell at apex acuminate or narrowly rounded ; mandibles usually dentate 3. Marginal cell at apex truncate or broadly rounded most frequently with a slight appeudage; mandibles acute or at least not dentate: abdomen rufous or rufous and black, ornate, rarely entirely black 5. 3. First cubital cell distinctly longer than the second 8. First cubital cell not longer than the second, equal or distinctly shorter ; third antennal joint normal 4. 1. First cubital cell equal to the second or only slightly shorter: second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures, the first near its basal angle, the second before its apex : submedian cell much longer than the median : abdomen short, elliptic or oval-lanceolate; labial palpi 4-jointed. the first more than twice longer than the second, obconical, the last hardly longer than the third, fusiform PMeuflopeoIus Holmberg. First cubital cell distinctly shorter than the second, the latter receiving both recurrent nervures, the first at its basal third, the second just before the second transverse cubitus; submedian and median cells of an equal length : abdomen oval Biastes Panzer CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 81 5. Scntellum bilobed or stronglv bituberculate ; postscutellum unarmed 6. Sen tell urn simple, not distinctly bilobed. Postscutellum armed with a small tooth. Antenna; somewhat distant at base; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. Aminobates Latr. = Phileremus. Lntr. Antennae strongly approximate at base. Maxillary palpi 3-4-jointed V in iiiohnf oides Schenck. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed Melanempis Sauss. Postscutellum unarmed. First cubital cell twice the length of the second ; median and submedian cells nearly equal ; first recurrent nervure interstitial : claws with a median tooth < hilicola Spinola. 6. Both recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell 7. First recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell, or interstitial with the first transverse cubitus. Marginal cell very small and short, scarcely the length of the stigma. Front wings with two complete cubital cells and three discoidal cells. Neolarra Ashm. Front wings with only one complete cubital cell and two discoidal cells. Philereuiiilus (kll. Marginal cell not small, but long, much longer than the stigma. Front wings with the normal number of cells, the first cubital cell longer than the second, the second narrowed above; labial palpi 4-jointed, maxillary palpi 6-jointed. Neopasites Ashm. (Type P. fulviventris Ci\). 7. Marginal cell much longer than the stigma. First cubital cell much longer than the second. Labrani nearly three times as Ions as wide ; maxillary palpi wanting ; labial palpi 2-jointed; antenna; 12-jointed in both sexes- . Pasiles Jurine. Labrum triangular; labial palpi (?) 5-jointed. Sclimiedekneclitia Friese. Labrum quadrate, with a delicate, median carina anteriorly ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; third antennal joint elongate, nearly thrice as long as the fourth Pliiarus Gerst. First cubital cell somewhat shorter than the second ; labrum subquadrate; maxillary palpi 4-jointed, the first joint elongate, slender, the last as long as 2-3 united Homaehthes Gerst. = Morgania Smith. S. Axil he produced posteriorly into acute teeth; eyes hairy or glabrous, in the latter case the postscutellum armed with a tooth or spine 11 Axilla; normal, not acutely toothed ; eyes always bare ; both recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell, or rarely with the first recurrent nervure interstitial or received by the first cubital cell just before the first transverse cubitus. First cubital cell twice as long as the second, the second recurrent nervure received at the middle of the second cubital cell 10. First cubital cell not twice as long as the second. Median and submedian cells unequal !). Median and submedian cells equal, the transverse median nervure inter- stitial with the basal nervure; maxillary palpi 6-jointed; labial palpi 4-jointed. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (11) JUNE. 1899. s'_' VM. II. AJ3HMEAD. Front wings with two recurrent nervures, both received by the second cubital cell V lloriapt* Lepel. Fronl wings with only one recurrent nervure, the second wanting, the third discoidal cell absent Kyoiio lira Smith. 9 Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures. Abdomen black or nitons and black, almost glabrous; venter in 9 naked. the anal segment excised ; J antennre L2 13jointed; scutellunj bitu- berculate; postscutellutn unarmed; maxillary palpi l-jointed. Melitloxena Morawit/. Type Af. truncate Nyl.) = ? .Nbmadtia Mocs. Abdomen red and black, opaque, closely and densely punctate, the dorsal segments at apex banded with an appressed, whitish pubescence; no transverse furrow at base of segments; axillse acute or toothed at apex: postscutellum armed with a median tooth. llo|>lo|>a*it<>* Ashm. Second cubital cell receiving only one recurrent nervure— the second, the first recurrent being received l>v the first submarginal cell at its apex. Abdomen red; dorsal segments 2 5 and the ventral segments 2 1 with deep, transverse furrows at base: pygidium with a median carina : scutellum unarmed llolcopasi ««*«* Ashm n. g in. Median and submedian cells equal or nearly. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed, the joints slender, elongate; labial palpi l-jointed. the first joint Large, elongate CaMioproNopis Holmb. 11. Byes glabrous; postscatellum armed with a tooth orspine; teeth of mandi- bles unequal, the apical tooth much the longer. 9 with the last abdominal segment truncate, in J, with the penultimate and ultimate ventral segments with a lateral apical tooth. Dioxys Lepel. 9 with the last abdominal segment acuminate, in J, with the penultimate ventral segment laterally bidentate Paradioxys Mots. Byes hairy: postscutellum unarmed: abdomen conical, in 9 acuminate at apex, in J. armed with porrect teeth or spines; maxillary palpi 3-jointed CoelioxyN Latreille. Family XI. PANURGIDJC In this family I have placed all the Andrenoid bees, haviug but two cubital cells in the front wings, and possibly this is the only character that will hold them together, since, otherwise, characters of mouth parts, tongue, labial palpi, etc.. there is the greatest di- versity in length ami structure. It is therefore a composite family, or what the French would call unefamille . Marginal cell towards apex acuminate, attaining the costa. Abdomen usually rather long; second joint of hind tarsi normal, inserted in the middle, of the first 2. Abdomen sliort. subglobose, black, shining, with white fascia' at apex : second joint of hind tarsi angulate beneath, not inserted in the middle of the first; clypeus in % yellow, the hind femora incrassated ; antenna- in both sexes filiform, longer than the head; tongue short; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, labial palpi 4-jointed Macropis Panzer. 2. Body, and more particularly the thorax, distinctly pubescent, the abdomen with white fascia? 3. Body sparsely pubescent, the thorax rarely densely pubescent, the abdomen always glabrous, shining, not fasciate, although the anal segment is distinctly ciliate at apex. Transverse median nervure interstitial, or very nearly. Anal lobe in hind wings not longer than the suhmedian cell ; head and thorax sparsely pubescent ; abdomen in 9 black, not at all fasciate; clypeus in % black, the antennae longer than the thorax, the flagellar joints nodose beneath II ;i I i< I oi Nyl. Anal lobe in hind wings distinctly longer than the suhmedian cell; head and thorax rather densely pubescent; abdomen in 9 rufous or brown- ish, or at least reddish at apex of the segments: clypeusin £, yellow. the anteunse not longer than the thorax, normal. . Paraiitfrena Robt. Transverse median nervure not interstitial, joining the median vein before the basal nervure; antennae in % not longer than the thorax, the flagellum simple; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the joints subequal ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint the longest, about as long as joints 2-3 united, the third longer than joints 2-4. Diifourea Lepel. = HemihaJictus Ckll. 3. Suhmedian cell usually shorter than the mediau, or never longer, the trans- verse median nervure joining the median vein before the origin of the basal nervure or interstitial with it 4. Suhmedian cell a little longer than the median, the transverse median nervure joining the median vein beyond the origin of the basal nervure. Thorax above with fulvous or ferruginous hairs; maxillary palpi 6-jointed; labial palpi 4-jointed Biareolina Dufour. — Callandrena Ckll. 4. Thorax above usually with a whitish or griseous pubescence, very rarely with a slight ocbraceous tinge. Labial palpi deformed, the basal joint long and quite different from the last; face in 9 with blackish hairs; antennae in % longer than the thorax, the apical joint attenuate from the middle. Rliopliites Spin. Labial palpi normal, all the joints being similar and nearly equal ; face in 9 with white hairs; antenna' in % as long as the thorax, the last joint acuminate at apex only RliopIiitoidesSchenck = HesperapisCk]]. 5. Marginal cell at apex more or less acuminate or narrowly rounded, not or rarely truncate, although sometimes appendiculate ; mandibles den- tate 11. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE. 1H99. WM. H. A5HMKAR unded. I .- -- :re. the second recurrent obliter- ated - (see Ferriilella - : moch longer than the second : maxillary palpi - ad. - :nin«. bare - il>ial palpi - - gas bs . - Scrmpter abdomen bare, with white bai: - ree - submedian cell consider. than the ( :» :n |>J ■ > pfrn in - - most entir - _ - -areolar at base. - :xnre seps- i :n the face forms a seini-v - l*hilo\;||llhll» - P. fcwffe black pu: - --Trapezoids] at base ; claw- Perditella r rufous and black, on . or t . - . .- - - " her maculate nor banded : srign. larsrr recur- :. cubital t-r ■ -.rginal ce - - s - and - edian ce.. ■ ■ . _ - . - "ban ^ at base : hear. .rax : >oiuadop«j« edian cell much she e medial, tongue s - . - - - . n |>i noliella As impL memi - the s . .ahiaJ pair somewhat i: " - - - hind - CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 85 Claws in 9 simple, in % with the anterior and middle claws cleft, the hind claws simple Coclterellia Ashni. (Type /'. hyalina Cr., albipewnis Cr.). .. Claws in both sexes cleft Neoperdita Ashni. (Type P. zebrata Cr.). 10. Marginal cell short, not longer than the stigma, usually shorter, the stigma large, well developed. Head seen from in front rounded, or a little longer than wide, rarely wider than long; clypeus somewhat produced, truncate anteriorly, the labrum distinct, transverse ; labial palpi 4- join ted, the first joint the longest, but rarely longer or much longer than joints 2-4 united ; claws cleft I'erdila Smith (Type P. halictoides Smith |. Marginal cell long, always much longer than the stigma. Stigma rather small or narrow, lanceolate; head large, seen from in front usually much wider than long ; tongue very long ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint very much longer than joints 2-4 united ; claws cleft ; hind tibial spurs finely serrate; antennae short, scarcely as long as the width of the head Macrotera Smith. Stigma broad, oblong-oval, or at least not lanceolate: head normal, as seen from in front rounded, not or very little wider than long; antennas longer than the width of the head. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, not greatly longer than the second. Hind tibiae and tarsi in 9 with a long, dense pubescence: clypeus in % black, with long hairs; legs black ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint very long, usually longer than 2-4 united; abdomen without hair fascias Paiiurgus Latr. Hind tibiae and tarsi in 9 with a short, rather sparse pubescence; cly- peus in % usually yellow or marked with yellow, hardly pubescent; legs black, varied with yellow; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first about as long as joints 2-4 united or somewhat longer. Mesopleura bare or nearly; stigma in front wings very large, oval or elliptical ; abdomen punctate, most frequently black, rarely rufous or rufous and black, the dorsal segments never with apical hair fasciae. I'm 11 11 rgi 11 11* Nyl. = Pseudopanurgus Ckll. Mesopleura with a whitish or cinereous pubescence; stigma in front wings narrower, not so large; abdomen black or aeneous black, im- punctured, or at most finely shagreened, the dorsal segments with hair fasciae at apex, although sometimes interrupted. < alliopsi*. Smith (Type C. andreniformis Sin.). First cubital cell, along the cubitus, about twice, or nearly, as long as the second; each cubital cell receiving a recurrent nervure; transverse median joining the median vein much before the origin of the basal. Scapteruides Gribods. 11. Median and submedian cells of an unequal length, the transverse median nervure uniting with the median vein somewhat before the origin of the basal nervure; claws cleft. Stigma large, broad, well developed, the marginal cell not short, longer than the first discoidal cell 12. Stigma neither large nor broad, sublanceolate, the marginal cell short, obliquely truncate at apex and not quite as long as the first discoidal cell; second cubital cell narrowed one-half or more above ; head seen from in front much broader than long: palpi as in Macrotera Smith abdomen in 9 black, in % red. Macroteropsis Ashm. n. g. (Type Perdita Icetior Ckll.). TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1899. 86 WM. H. ASHMEAD. 12. Cubital cells, along the cubitus, very unequal, the first about thrice as long as the second, the latter quadrate or nearly; first recurrent nervure re- ceived by the first cubital cell near the apex, the second recurrent by the second cubital cell also near the apes ; submedian cell much shorter than the median ; head not wider than the thorax, but seen from in front oblong, about twice as long as wide, the eyes fully thrice as long as wide or more ; antenna? clavate : mandibles bidentate at apex; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint the longest HyloeoMoma Ashm. Cubital cells, along the cubitus, equal or nearly, the first usually a little the longer; transverse median nervure interstitial with the basal nerv- ure; head normal. Second cubital cell narrowed fully one-half or more above ; head and thorax pubesecnt. bare or nearly on vertex and metathorax ; flocculus on hind tibia- and tarsi normal : abdomen rufous, the dorsal segments 2-4 deli- cately but not sharply depressed at apex ; clypeus with a transverse impression anteriorly. South America ( Argentine). Perditomorplia Ashm. n. g. (P. Brunerii Ashm.). Second cubital cell narrowed one-third above; thorax clothed with a dense pubescence; flocculus on hind tibiae and tarsi long, dense; abdomen black, pubescent and fasciated ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed; labial palpi 4-jointed, subequal, the joints enlarged at apex. . • Dasy po without a middle tibial spur; % with the apical joint of antenna' com- pressed, oblong, excavated beneath or spoon shaped. JVIouia West. = Eunomia Cress. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 89 6. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, much smaller than the third, rarely much longer than half its length or even shorter 7. Second cubital cell, along the cubitus, as long as the third or even a little longer. Second and third cubital cells equal, the former nearly quadrate, very slightly narrowed above, and receiving the first recurrent nervure at the mid- dle, the third cubital cell receiving the second recurrent a little beyond its middle; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the first joint the longest, the following gradually decreasing in length; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint the longest, the following shorter, subequal. < allomelittH Smith. Second cubital cell a little longer than the third, narrowed above and re- ceiving the first recurrent nervure at its middle; the third cubital tell also receives the second recurrent at its middle; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the first joint longer aud stouter than the others, the follow- ing successively becoming shorter and slenderer; antenna? clavate, the scape short and stout, one-third shorter than the third joint. Gastropsis Smith = CEstropsis Smith. 7. Submedian vein (or anal vein of some authors) in hind wings distinct to the hind margin; hind trochanters in 9 with a polleniferous flocculus; antennae in % not truncate at apex 8. Submedian vein in hind wings abbreviated, not extending to the hind mar- gin ; hind trochanters in J without a polleniferous flocculus; antenna? iu % sometimes truncate at apex. Head normal, not wider than the thorax ; abdomen truncate at base ; antenna? in % truncate at apex, the joints subserrate or crenulate beneath. Hfelitta Kirby = Cilissa Leach. Head very large, transverse, much wider than the thorax ; abdomen rounded at base; antennse in % filiform, neither truncate at apex nor crenulate beneath Sphecopliala Sauss. (Type & philanthoides Sauss.). 8. Stigma very minute. Second cubital cell very short, wider (higher) than long, receiving the first recurrent nervure a little before the middle, the second recurrent being interstitial or nearly with the third transverse cubitus, head transverse, not so wide as the thorax; ocelli in a triangle; tongue very short, densely pubescent, the paraglossse elongate, plumose; labial palpi 4-jointed, short and stout; maxillary palpi 6-joiuted. 1*1 iloglossa Smith. Stigma distinct, not small. Marginal cell pointed at apex, its extreme apex attaining the costa ; sub- median cell not quite as long as the median ; second cubital cell quad- rate, receiving the first recurrent nervure at the middle, the third cubital cell receiving the second recurrent nervure at its apical third : abdomen above bare, the dorsal segments 2-4 delicately, but not sharply depressed at apex; pygidial plate triangular, with a median ridge; middle tibial spurs long, finely serrated; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed : superorbital fovea? wanting. Micrandreiia Ashm. n. g. (Type M. pacifica Ashm.). TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (12) JUNE. 1899. 90 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Marginal cell more or less narrowly rounded at apex, its extreme tip not attaining the costa ; submedian cell fully as long as the median, the transverse median nervure interstitial. Second cubital cell a little longer than wide, receiving the first recurrent nervure a little beyond the middle, rarely at the middle: the third cubital cell receiving the second recurrent far beyond the middle; abdomen most frequently fasciate or subfasciate with hair bands, more rarely bare; pygidial plate subtriangular, usually subtruncate at apex; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. labial palpi 4-jointed ; superorbital fovea very large, broad, represented by broad depressions along the inner upper orbits Aiulrona Latr. Second cubital cell receiving the first recurrent nervure at the middle, the second recurrent received by the third cubital cell at its middle; mid- dle tibial spur and the longer spur of hind tibiae, which is very long and bent, serrated ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, labial palpi 4-jointed. Steiiotritus Smith. Second cubital cell wider (higher) than long, narrowed above; along the cubitus about half as long as the first cubital cell, and reaching the first recurrent nervure near the apex ; abdomen fasciate; hind tibiae in 1, strongly curved and angulately dilated at apex beneath. Anoy la Lepel. = Prislotrichia Radoszk. Subfamily II. Halictin^e. The bees belonging to this subfamily agree with the Andreninae in all essential characters, but the basal nervure in the front wings is always strongly curved or bent inwardly towards base of the wing, the epimera of the mesothorax well separated, distinct, while the apical dorsal segment in the 9 always has a distinct riraa,or median grooved furrow on its disk. The tongue may be either long or short. The rima on the last dorsal segment, and the distinct scopa or flocculus on hind legs in 9 must be depended upon to separate these bees from the Sphecodinse. Eleven genera are known, recognizable by the aid of the following table : Table of Genera. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, distinctly longer than the third, or as long as the second and third united ; stigma well developed ; transverse median nervure never not angulated 2. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, as long or very nearly as loug as the third ; stigma not well developed ; transverse median nervure angulated ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. Vbdoinen black, densely pubescent; antennae in 9 short, clavate, in % involute at apex, the last joint triangular; labial palpi 4-jointed. Systropha Latreille. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEKS. 91 Abdomen black aud rufous, almost bare; antennae filiform, in % long: mentuin and tongue long, slender; tibiae dilated at lower apical angle. Trichchosftoma Sauss. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, shorter than the third ; stigma well devel- oped ; transverse median nervure straight, interstitial with the basal nervure ; scutellum spined ; mandibles tridentate; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. Abdomen very smooth, shining; head and thorax clothed with fulvous hairs; labial palpi 4-joiuted, the first joint about as long as joints 2-4 uuited Mellitidea Guerin. 2. Abdomen normal, not petiolate-clavate 3. Abdomen petiolate-clavate; second cubital cell half the length of the third. slightly narrowed above; scape of antennae two-thirds the length of the flagellum, the latter subclavate ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the three basal joints short, stout, clavate, joints 4-6 slender, slightly thickened towards apex ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first subclavate, as long as 2 3 united, the two latter short, stout and clavate, the last joint slender, filiform Cory n lira Spinola. 3. Third cubital cell receiving only one recurrent nervure — the second, the first recurrent received by the second cubital cell beyond its middle, or before the first transverse cubitus (or very exceptionally interstitial with this nervure) 4. Third cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures, or the first recurrent is interstitial with the second transverse cubitus; rarely is the second recurrent interstitial with the third transverse cubitus; maxillary palpi 6-joiuted ; labial palpi 4-jointed. Tongue elongate, lanceolate, the paraglossae long; first joint of labial palpi longer than 2-3 united, the second a little shorter than the third, the third obconical, the last slender, cylindrical : species metallic-blue, blue-green to green Augoclilora Smith = OxystogJossa Sm. Tongue short, triangular, the paraglossae not long; first joint of labial palpi about as long as 2-3 united ; first recurrent nervure interstitial with the second transverse cubitus ; non-metallic species, or at most aeneous on the head and thorax; clypeus in % anteriorly always margined with yellow Parasphecodes Smith. 4. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, as long or somewhat longer than the second and third united, the second quadrate, not or only slightly longer than wide, or much wider (higher) than long, and often con- siderably narrowed above 5. First cubital cell, along the cubitus, not longer than the second and third united, usually distinctly shorter, the second quadrate, not wider than long. Head and thorax metallic, green, blue or blue-green : abdomen in 9 metallic, black or yellow, in % usually yellow, with black hands, the hind femora in this sex being much swollen, and most frequently with a subapical tooth beneath Agapostemon Smith. 5. Second recurrent nervure not interstitial with the third transverse cubitus, the second cubital cell not longer than wide, usually wider (or higher) than long ; scutellum normal, tongue short, triangular or subtriangular, or in outline cone shaped 6". TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE. 1899. 92 \VM. H. ASHMKAI). Second recurrent nervure interstitial with the third transverse cubitus ; second cubital cell quadrate, the third a little longer than wide, slightly nar- rowed above; tongue very long, spiculiform ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint nearly as long as joints 2 I united. Megaloptera Smith. 6. Subdiscoidal nervure in hind wings distinct, well developed ; temples broad, or at least never very narrow, sometimes in Iltilictus with a tooth below in 9 : labial palpi 4-jointed. Ocelli very large, the lateral ocelli almost touching the eye margin. ft|>lic<'ool ica mi Spinola. 2. Second and third cubital cells, along the cubitus, equal or nearly 3. Second and third cubital cells, along the cubitus, scarcely longer than the first, the second often wider (higher) than long, very much shorter than the third ; marginal cell narrowly obliquely truncate at apex. First recurrent nervure interstitial with the first transverse cubitus, or re- ceived by the first cubital cell just before this vein ; third cubital cell receiving the second recurrent nervure towards it apex; submedian cell much shorter than the median M<*ga<*ilissa Smith. First and second recurrent nervures respectively interstitial with the first and second transverse cubital nervines; labial palpi 4-jointed, the joints successively decreasing in length; antennse subclavate, the third joint only a little longer than the fourth, the following joints increasing in length to the apical joint Nadrosoma Smith. '.'>. Second recurrent nervure interstitial with the third transverse cubitus; inner spur of hind tibiae pectinate or combed ; joints 1-2 of maxillary palpi stout, subequal, the following joints slender, more than thrice louger than thick; first joiut of labial palpi elongate, as long as joints 2-3 united ; joints 2-4 also, long Lamprocollete* Smith. Second recurrent nervure not interstitial, but received by the third cubital cell beyond its middle. Stigma not well developed, or subobsolete 4. Stigma well developed, although not large. Second recurrent nervure sinuate or somewhat S shaped ; hind tibia? with- out knee plate: maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the first joint hardly longer than 2-3 united, joints 2-5 scarcely longer than thick, the last a little shorter than the first; labial palpi short, 4-jointed. . Colletes Latr. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 95 4. Second cubital cell very short, much wider (higher) than long, and, along the cubitus, only about one-third the length of the third, receiving the first recurrent a little, before the middle ; third cubital cell nearly as long along the radius as along the cubitus ; joints 2-4 of maxillary palpi longer than thick ; first joint of labial palpi long, longer than joints 2-3 united Paracolletes Smith. Second cubital cell a little longer than wide and more than half the length of the third, the first recurrent nervure received by it at the middle; third cubital cell, along the radius, only about one-third as long as along the cubitus; joints 2-4 of maxillary palpi three or more times longer than thick; first joint of labial palpi very elongate. Leioproctus Smith. Second cubital cell equal narrowed on each side towards the marginal and receiving the first recurrent nervure at its middle ; joints 1-2 of maxil- lary palpi rather long, subequal, both of which are about as long as joints 2-3 united ; first joint of labial palpi long, about as long as 2-3 united, the last joint shorter than the third ; paraglossse broad and rounded at apex Dasycolletes Smith. Family XIV. PROSOPID^. (The Obtuse-tongued Carpenter Bees). This is a small but distinct group or family, at one time supposed to be parasitic, the species agreeing in their mouth parts with the Colletidfle (and many of the wasps), but are readily distinguished from them by having only two cubital cells in the front wings, the non-pubescent body, and by the hind tibiae being without a distinct pollen brush. They are known to burrow into the twigs of bramble, elder and other shrubs, in which, after extracting the pith, they construct their cells— filled with pollen and honey. Table of Genera. Marginal cell at apex acuminate, or narrowly rounded, never truncate; mandi- bles bidentate ; body bare or nearly 2. Marginal cell at apex somewhat obliquely truncate, with an appendage; body pubescent. Stigma sublanceolate; first and second cubital cells subequal, the first slightly the longer, the second receiving both recurrent nervures ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the first joint as long as joints 2-3 united, the following subequal, labial palpi 4-jointed, the first long and stout, longer than the following united Pasiphse Spinola. 2. First cubital cell twice as long as the second, or very nearly 4. First cubital cell equal to the second, or somewhat smaller, or the second is shorter than the first. First recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell just before the first transverse cubitus, the first cubital cell much longer than the second. 3. TRANS. AM. ENT. BOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1899. 96 WM. H. ASHMEAD. Both recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell, or the second recurrent is interstitial with the second transverse cubitus. Second cubital eel! shorter than the first; labial palpi rather short, the first joint shorter than joints 2-3 united ; tongue only slightly eniar- ginate at apex Enryglossa Smith. Second cubital cell as long as the first or very nearly ; labial palpi elon- gate, the first joint as long as joints 2-5 united ; tongue deeply trian- gularly ernarginate Hy Ireoides Smith. 3. Head seen from in front a little longer than wide, slightly narrowed below; frontal fovea?, distinctly long, linear; maxillary palpi 6-jointed. the joints short, subequal; labial palpi 4-jointed Prosopis Fabr. 4. Both recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell, or the first recur- rent is interstitial with the first transverse cubitus; sometimes the second recurrent is interstitial with the second transverse cubitus (very exceptionally does the first recurrent joint the first cubital cell just before the first transverse cubitus) ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed. Stigma very small, inconspicuous or poorly developed, the transverse median nervure not interstitial 6. Stigma distinct, well developed, the transverse median nervure interstitial or nearly with the basal nervure 5. .">. Maxillary joints short, subequal ; labial palpi 4-jointed, short, the first two a little stouter and longer than the last two; head seen from in front a little longer than wide, slightly narrowed below, the frontal fovese distinct, long, linear Prosopiw Fabr. Basal three joints of maxillary palpi stout, subequal, joints 3 6 much slenderer and clavate; basal joint of labial palpi somewhat longer than the second, joints 2-3 subequal, the last cylindrical. Stilpiiosoma Smith. 6. First joint of maxillary palpi the shortest and stoutest joint, the third slightly the longest, joints 4-5 subequal ; first joint of labial palpi the longest, joints 2-4 subequal iVIeroglossa Smith. ERRATA. Page 55, line 32, for golden read pollen. 58, " 20, for cleft mid tuft. 61, " 5 from bottom, for graga read a raja. 63, " 14. for Xenogloss read Xenoglossa. 66, " 1, insert abdomen after third. 68, " 4, for 16 read 15. 72, " 13, for mediam read median. 73, " 11, for Jarine read Juriue. CLASSIFICATION OF THE BEES. 97 INDEX, PAGE A. Acanthopus. 68 Acanthosrnia. ■ • . 76 Acanthosiriiodes. 76 Aceratosmia 75 Agapostemon 91 Aglse 68 Aleidamea 74 Allodape 82 Amblys 75 Amegilla 60 Amruobates 81 Aiuinobatoides 81 Ancyla 90 Ancyloscelis . 64 Andrena 90 ANDRENID.E, Fam. XII 86 Andrenin^:, Subfam. 1 87 Andronicus ... 74 Anthidiin^:, Subfam. Ill 72-78 Anthidium. 78 Antliocopa 76 Anthoglossa 94 Anthophora 60 ANTHOPHORID.E, Fam. V 58 Apathus = Psitbyrus 58 APID^E, Fam. I . 56 Apin^e, Subfam. II 57 Apis. 57 Apista 88 Arctosmia. 75 Ashmeadiella 73 Audineta = Platynopoda 71 Auglochlora 91 B. Biareolina 83 Biastes 80 BOMBID/E, Fam. II 57 Bombomelecta 66 Bombus 57 BrachyDomada. 69 PAGE C. Cacosoma = Corynura 91 Caenonomada 68 Csenoprosopis. 82 Callandrena = Biareolina 83 Calliopsis 85 Callomelitta 89 Camptobeum. 84 Caupolocana 94 Centris 59-61 Ceratina 69 CERATINIBvE, Fam. VII 69 Ceratosmia 74 Chalcosmia = Osmia 75 Chalicodoma 78 Chelostoma 73 Chelynia = Chelostoma 73 Chilicola 81 Chrysantheda = Esse re te 67 Cilissa = Melilta 89 Clisodou. 60 Cockerellia 85 Coelioxoides. 68 Ccelioxin^e, Subfam. II 79-80 Coelioxys 82 Colletes 94 COLLETID^E, Fam. XIII 93 Corynura 91 Crocisa 66 Crocisaspidia. 68 Ctenioschelus — Acanthopus 68 Ctenoplecta 77 Ctenosmia = Hoplitis Tti Cyaneoderes 70 Cyathocera = Steganomus 77 Dasycolletes 95 Dasypoda 96 Diadasia = Ancyloscelis 64 Diadasiella 64 Didouia 93 TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. L3 JUNE. 1899. - WM. H. ASH MEAD. PAGE prttis = Enaspis 7~ Dioxys Dipbaglos.sa. 94 Dipkgaia = Trachosa 73 Dceringiella. 67 Dufoarea E. Emph.T Erapfa - - 60 Entechuia 64 Epeicharii 67 Epeolus 67 Epici - 67 Epieharis 62 Epicolpos. 61 Epia.- - - 63 Epimethea ? = Panurainus Epinomia. Eriade.* = Heriadr- 73 Ericrocis 66 • = Pseudosinia - - 78 Eucera 63 Phiaru.* 81 . - ECGLO>>ID.E. Fain. Ill Eulema Eunomia = Monia Enrygloesa Euryris. 67 o iialonia 63 Euthyglossa 60 Exierere 67 Exomalopsi-- .... 64 Exoneara F. Florentine = Anthocopa G. - - oma = Chelostoma . 73 H. ,hora = Habropoda- . Habropoda - - PAGE Halictixj;. Subfam. Ill ... 90 Haliotoides Halicruj - 75 Hemih'iHctii* = Dufourea Heriades 73 Hesperapis = Ehophitoides - - Homachtes ~i Hopliphora = Euryti- ~:= sites Hoplosmia Hylaeoides Hylseosonia -5 Hylseu* = Pr — :.;s 96 Hypoehrotaenia K. ithosoma 71 L. Lagobata 60 Lamprocolletes. 94 Leioproctns 95 Leiopodus 66 71 V/t = Ehathymas Lipbantbas Lipotriches Litnrgas 77 Lucamus = Xomiodes 92 M. M'icrocera — Eueara. is Macrotera MacPiteropsii ->ma ; ile 77 MEGACHILIB.E. Fam. IX 71 Megachxlxn f. Subfam. II 72-76 i'.issa 94 ptera 92 ~niia ■ ■ ■ • Melanempis. 81 sniia. 75 Melecta 66 CLASSIFICATION! OF THE BEES. 99 PAGE Melectoides 67 Melipona 56 Meliponin/E, Subfam. 1 56 Melissa ■ • • 67 Melissodes 62-63 Melissoptila = ? Epicharis 62 Mehtoma 62 Melitta 89 Melittidia 91 Melittoxena 82 Meliturga 62 Meliturgopsis 62 Meroglossa 96 Mesoc.beira 67 Mesonycbium 67 Mesotrichia 71 Micrandrena 89 Monia 88 Monoeea 61 Monumetba 74 Morgania = Homaehtes 81 Mydrosoma = Madrosoma 94 N. Neolarra. 81 Neopasites 81 Neopevdita 85 Noraada 69 NOMADID.E, Fam. VI 64 Nomadita '? = Melittoxenna 82 NoDiadopsis. 84 Nomia. 88 Nomiodes. 92 Nothosmia 75 O. (Ediscelis 80 CEstropsis = Gastropsis 89 Omachtes = Hornacbtes 81 Osiris 68 Osmia 75 Osmund, Subfam. 1 71-72 Oxsea 71 Ox^in^;, Subfam. II 70 Oxystoglossa = Auglocblora 91 P. PANURGID.E, Fam. XI 82 Panurginus 85 Panurgus 85 TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. PAGE Paracolletes. 94 Paradioxys 82 Paramegilla 60 Parandrena. 83 Paranomia. 88 Paras])becodes 91 Parevaspis 80 Pasiphse 95 Pasites 81 Perdita 85 Perditella 84 Perditomorpha 86 Pbiarus 81 Phileremus = Ammobates 81 Phileremulus 81 Philoxanthus 84 Platynopoda 71 Pleistotrechia = Ancyla 90 Podalarius = Anthophora 60 Proapis = Prosopis 96 PEOSOPID.E, Fam. XIV 95 Prosopis 96 Protandreua 88 Protostelis 79 Psfenytbia 88 Pseudopanurgus = Panurginus 85 Pseudepeolus 80 Pseudomelecta 66 Pseudosmia 75 PSITHYEID.E, Fam. IV 58 Psitby rus. 58 Ptiloglossa 89 Pyrrbomelecta 66 R. Rhathymus 67 Bhopalictus = Corynura 91 Rhophites 83 Rhophitoides 83 S. Saropoda 59 Schmiedeknecbtia. 81 Schoenherria = Xylocopa 71 Scrapter 84 Serapteroides 85 Serapis ?;-> Spbecodes 93 SPHECODlNiE, Subfam. Ill 92 JUNE, 1899. 100 WM. H. ASHMEAD. PAGE Sphecodogastra 92 Sphecophala 89 Spiholiella 84 Steganomus 77 Stegocephalus 85 STELIDIDiE, Fam. X 78 Stelidin^:, Subfam. 1 79 Stelidomorpha 80 Stelis 80 Stenotritus. 90 Stilpnosoma. 96 Svastra = Xenoglossa 61 Synhalonia 63 Systropha. 90 T. Temnosoma 93 Tet ragoua 57 Tetralonia 61 Tetralouiella 61 Tetrapsedia 64 PAGE Thalestria 66 Thaumatosoma 77 Trichochostoma 91 Traehusa 73 Tridentosmia 75 Trigona 57 Trophocleptria 67 Trypetes 73 X. Xenoglossa 61 Xenoglossodes 63 Xylocopa 71 XYLOCOPID.E, Fam VIII 70 Xylocopisle, Subfam. 1 70 Z. Zaeesta 73 Zacosmia 65 Zadontomerus. 69 H. C. FALL. 101 REVISION OF THE 8, i 119 IS I III 1 1» i; OF BOREAL AMERICA. BY H. C. FALL. Iii the Summer of 1897 there appeared in the Revue d'Entomo- logie a paper entitled " Essai de Classification General des Lath- ridiidse, Avec le Catalogue Systematique et alphabetique de toutes les especes du Globe — par le R. P. fr. Mie Jos. Belon O. P." This paper, which, by the way, did not come to hand till the following year, briefly summarizes the results of the author's study of these insects extending over a period of some twenty-five years, and is, from a generic and bibliographic standpoint, of the greatest value to every student of the family. It is, however, of little or no ser- vice to the American student or collector as an aid to the identifica- tion of his own species, since, with few exceptions, the author's ac- quaintance with the North American fauna is too limited to permit the incorporation of our species into his tables. The following pages are the result of an effort to do, in some de- gree, for our fauna that which the labors of Reitter and Belon have accomplished in Europe, and although much had been done toward this end before the receipt of the essay above mentioned, the progress of the work was greatly stimulated, and its completion hastened thereby. In addition to the difficulties always incident to the examination and description of such minute forms, there have been three others which have combined to discourage the attentions of systematists to the Lathridiidse. First, the small size and frequently monotonous aspect of the insects themselves have caused them to be neglected by collectors; again, the fact that so many species are widely dis- tributed through the agency of commerce, would require a more extended acquaintance with exotic species than is usually necessan ; and finally, the impossibility of recognizing from the description the greater part of the numerous species of Mannerheim and Motschul- sky. The first two difficulties named are not serious, but the last is practically insurmountable. The descriptions of both these authors touch only the more obvious superficial characters, neglecting almost entirely the under surface of the body, which is of great importance, as well as the finer details of structure, including sexual characters. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (13*) NOVEMBER, 1899. 102 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. upon which we must often depend for the separation of closely allied forms. It is certain that many of their species can never be identi- fied without an examination of the types, a possibility so remote, even if they be in existence, that it is believed better to risk the cre- ation of a few synonyms in the attempt to establish order, than to leave t he family indefinitely in obscurity. The materia] which has served as the basis of this revision com- prises, besides my own, the Horn, Hubbard and Schwarz, Wick- ham, Blanchard, National Museum and Cambridge Museum collec- tions, supplemented by typical specimens of many European species from Reitter and Belon. My heartiest thanks are due to the owners or curators of the above collections for the service thus rendered. Especial mention should be made of the Hubbard and Schwarz col- lection, which alone comprises about 1000 specimens, and is by far the richest accumulation of Lathridiidse in this country. For the privilege of studying it in its entirety and at my leisure, Mr. Schwarz with great kindness undertook the labor of transferring to suitable boxes, packing and shipping to me this collection, and this at a time when seriously incapacitated by ill health. I wish also to express especial appreciation of the rare kindness of Mr. Belon, who has forwarded to me for examination his unique types of Enicmus rm-ihttiis and E. jerrugineus, and who has also sent me his excellent monograph of the Lathridiidte of France, and contributed gener- ously to my cabinet. In its general features the following arrangement of genera is nearly in accord with that adopted by Belon; the discovery, however, of hitherto unobserved characters, or the different estimate placed upon others, has resulted in a certain amount of deviation from the lines there followed. The reasons for these changes are, I believe, in all cases set forth, and their adoption or rejection is left to the judg- ment of those for whom the work is prepared. flie simple outline sketches on the accompanying plates have been drawn for the most part with the aid of the camera Iucida, and it is hoped they will prove of material assistance in the identification of species. Many details regarding form and relative dimensions of parts have been omitted or abbreviated in the descriptions in the belief that such information may lie more quickly and satisfactorily obtained from a figure than by the perusal of a labored description. In a review of a strictly faunal nature like the present, it is probably not necessary to state, yet it i- important to bear in mind, H. C FALL. 103 that the characters used and statements made are to he construed as applying only to the fauna in question. They may he, and in general are, capable of a much wider application, hut it is not safe to assume this. The following characterization of the family is as full as need be for practical uses. It will be observed that Monoedus has not been included in the present revision. According to Dr. Sharp, it almost certainly belongs to the family Adimeridse. My opportunities for investiga- tion have not been sufficient to enable me to form any conclusions upon this subject, but the opinion of so eminent an authority may probably be safely accepted. Small or minute insects, rarely exceeding 2.5 mm. in length ; body varying in form from broadly oval to linear, and from strongly con- vex to depressed ; color usually rufotestaceous or brownish, but vary- ing from pale yellowish testaceous to black, rarely with distinct markings and never (in our fauna) at all metallic; glabrous or virtually so almost throughout the Lathridiini, pubescent in the other tribes, the pubescence never very dense and arranged serially on the elytra except in the Merophysiini. Head horizontal, usually more or less transverse, rarely distinctly elongate (Adistemia and some Cartodere), smooth or punctate, often sulcate or carinulate. Mention large, usually transverse and strongly punctate ; about as long as wide in Fuchsina, longer than wide and smooth in Dasycerus. Mandibles small, not prominent, generally concealed by the labrum. Maxillse with two lobes. Palpi short and difficult to observe; the maxillary with four, the labial with two or three joints; last joint oval or subcorneal, longer than the preceding (very elongate and acicular in Dasycerus), the basal joints scarcely visible, pseudobasal joints robust. Labrum short, strongly transverse, relatively large in the Corti- cariini ; usually narrower (in a transverse sense) than the epistoma, rarely (Cartodere elegans, Adistemia and Revelieria) wider than the epistoma and embracing it at sides ; its front margin usually in some degree sinuate, but often arcuate or truncate. Epistoma short, on the same plane as the front, and separated from it by a tine arcuate suture in the Merophysiini and Corti- TRAXS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 104 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. cariini ; on a somewhat lower plane and separated from the front by a deeper suture in Dasycerini and Lathridiini. Antennae clavate (capillary in Dasycerus), 9-11 -jointed, club 3 or rarely 2- jointed ; inserted anteriorly at the sides of the front, the base sometimes a little concealed by the frontal margin. They are usually shorter than the head and prothorax, but occasionally reach or even pass the base of the pronotum. The first two joints are always larger than those following, the second as a rule some- what narrower than the first; funicular joints subequal or very slightly increasing in width and gradually shorter; club usually more or less abruptly formed, the first two joints either elongate or transverse, the first generally longer than the second, the last joint more elongate and frequently obliquely truncate. Eyes normally large and prominent, small or minute in Molopara- mecus, Cartodere, Metophthalmw, Adi&temia and Belonia, entirely wanting in Fuchsina. They are situated at, or much more fre- quent])' a little in advance of the hind angles, thus leaving more or less distinct tempora, and are lateral in all genera except Metoph- thalmus, in which they are concealed from beneath by the explanate side margin of the head. Prothorax of variable form, nearly always distinctly wider than the head, and rarely as wide as the elytra; the margin very often (Lathridiini and Corticariini) finely crenulate or denticulate, espe- cially toward the hind angles, and occasionally ( Coninomus espe- cially) with a whitish membranous border, which may become irregular through wear, or even entirely lost. Surface evenly con- vex, or variously marked with foveae or costae; by far the greater number having either a median subbasal fovea or a more or le>s dis- tinct transverse impression. Scutellum ordinarily distinct, but small and transverse; indistinct or entirely lacking in a few genera. Elytra oblong, oval, or sublinear ; entirely covering the abdomen except in a few species of Melanophthalma, in which they are slightly truncate or subtruncate, revealing the tip of the abdomen ; each 6-8 punctate-striate, except in the Merophysiini, where the punctuation is confused, and in Revelieria and Fuchsina, where they are 12 or 13 in number and more or less irregular. Prosternal side pieces not divided, the suture separating them from the presternum nearly or quite obliterated. This suture, though faint, is traceable in Holoparamecus. Coxal cavities sepa- H. C. FALL. 105 rated by a lamina of variable width (except in Dasyeerus), open behind in Holoparamecus and Dasyeerus, closed in the two larger tribes. In Lathridius the prosternum fails to reach the posterior margin, allowing the epimera to coalesce on the median line. In Metophthalmus the flanks are grooved near the margin for the reception of the outer joints of the antennae. Mesosternum short, the side pieces generally distinct. Metasternum longer than the mesosternum, sometimes longer, sometimes shorter than the first ventral segment ; simply punctate and with or without a longer or shorter fine impressed median line in Holoparamecus and Corticariini ; variously foveate and sulcate in most Lathridiini, quite often with deep post-coxal pits with plicate or wrinkled margins. Abdomen consisting of five or six segments, the first (except in Dasyeerus) as long as the two or three following united ; segments 2-5 subequal, the last sometimes a little longer; the sixth when present generally much smaller. Segments free, except in Adistem ia, where the first is connate with the metasternum, the suture being entirely obliterated between the coxae. Front coxae conical, prominent, more commonly distinctly sepa- rated, but contiguous or subcontiguous in Dasyceras, Adistemia and many of the Corticariini. Middle coxae rounded and less prominent (except Dasyeerus), dis- tinctly separated except in Adistemia. Hind coxae transverse, not prominent, more or less widely sepa- rated, their cavities nearly or quite reaching the side margin. In Dasyeerus, however, the coxae are nearly in contact at their inner angles, while in Adistemia they are small, a little prominent, their cavities falling far short of attaining the epipleurae. Legs moderate ; trochanters usually small, but very long in Belonia ; femora robust or slender; tibiae straight or slightly arcu- ate, quite uniformly somewhat slender, and gradually wider apically, except in Dasyeerus, where they are widest at or a little before the middle; the apex without spurs; tarsi 3-jointed, the first two joints comparatively short, but differing in relative proportions, the last joint usually about equal to the two preceding combined ; claws simple. External sexual marks are not infrequent and affect most com- monly the legs and abdominal apex. The early stages of these insects are practically unknown, and TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (14) NOVEMBER, 1899. 106 AMERICAN COLEOPTEKA but little more has been published concerning their habits in the mature state. They are known to occur in vegetable detritus, under bark and stones, in commercial products and on various plants. The four primary or tribal divisions into which our fauna is separable may be thus distinguished : Anterior eoxal cavities open behind. Front coxae separated by a prosternal lamina, antennae clavate, body not cos- tate Merophyshni. Front coxae contiguous, their cavities confluent, antennae capillary, body costate Dasycerini. Anterior eoxal cavities closed behind. Epistoma on a lower plane than the front and separated from it by a deep suture; body often costate, glabrous or virtually so (except Lathridiua products and Enicmus hirtus), the bairs when present sparse and erect; front coxae distinctly separated (except in Adistemia) . ■ .Lathridiini. Epistoma on the same plane as the front, separated from it by a distinct but scarcely impressed suture: body never costate. always pubescent, the hairs more or less inclined or recurved; front coxae less distinctly separated, usually contiguous or nearly so Corticariini. Tribe 1. Merophysiini. HOLOl'ARAilIKCUS Curtis. Of the nine genera included by Belon in this tribe, the present alone has thus far occurred in North America. Its principal char- acters are detailed below, and with few exceptions are those of the tribe to which it belongs. Front smooth, epistoma on the same plane and separated by a fine arcuate suture; eyes rather small; labial palpi 3-jointed ; an- tennae 9-11 -jointed in our species, club 2-jointed. Prothorax nar- rowed behind. Elytra elongate-ovate, widest in front of the middle : body devoid of costse, very finely punctulate and with short, sparse, fine pubescence; elytra with an entire sutural stria, but without series of punctures. Front coxae distinctly separated, their cavities open behind; middle coxae more widely separated; first tarsal joint distinctly longer than the second, the third joint subequal to the hrst two together. Our six species divide naturally into two groups, representing two of the four subgenera entertained by Belon. In the first group — Holoparamecus proper — besides the characters named in the table below, the abdomen consists normally of five visible segments, the sixth being rarely very slightly protruded; the first ventral is never quite as long as the three following combined, and the longitudinal H. C FALL. 107 median impressed line of the metasternura is abbreviated or entirely wanting. In the second group— Calyptobium Aube— the sixth ven- tral in our three species is, in every specimen examined, distinctly and apparently normally exposed ; the first ventral is as long as the three following combined, and the metasternum bears an entire median impressed line. Two species— singularis and pacificus— have stood on our lists for many years ; of the former I have seen no native specimens and its occurrence with us is certainly open to doubt. The only localities thus far named are New York and Yuma. The former is based upon a specimen in the LeConte collection, which, on examination, I find to be kuuzei, and as this species also occurs in California, the Yuma specimens are doubtless the same thing. As singularis, how- ever, is a cosmopolitan species, it will quite surely be found here sooner or later, and it will therefore be described and included in the table. Our species separate easily in the following manner : Antennae 9-jointed in the %, 10-jointed in the 9; pronotum longitudinally bistriate at base, hind angles not foveate. Subgenus Holoparaniecus. Eyes small, distant by about their own diameter from the antennas ; pronotum without discal fovea; metasternum without median impressed line. Form broad, elytra convex, metasternum longer than the first ventral seg- ment, first joint of autennal club longer than wide ragusa?. Form more slender, elytra less convex, metasternum scarcely as long as the first ventral segment, first joint of autennal club not longer than wide singularis. Eyes larger, distant by about half their diameter from the antennae ; pronotum with small discal fovea; metasternum with median impressed line in apical half. • kuuzei. Antennae 11-jointed in both sexes; pronotum not bistriate at base, the base more or less broadly impressed, the hind angles foveate. Subgenus Calyptobium. Hind angles of prothorax not carinate. Tempora nearly as long as the eyes, surface feebly shining pacificus. Tempora very short, surface shining floridanus. Hind angles of prothorax carinate caiilaruni. H. ragusa? Reitt — Quite robust, testaceous, finely but distinctly punctate throughout, the punctures of the pronotum and presternum being especially strong and close for the genus. Antennae with the intermediate joints scarcely as wide as long, the first joint of club obconic, longer than wide, and much longer than the terminal joint. Eyes small, distant by about their own diameter from the antennae, the tempora very short. Prothorax wider than long, widest a little behind the apex, sides rounded in front, thence oblique and scarcely at all sinuate to the hind angles, which are slightly obtuse; disk moderately convex TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 108 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. in front without median fovea: base flatter and broadly depressed each side, the longitudinal striae wide and connected behind their anterior extremities by a feeble transverse impression ; median basal carina nearly obsolete, but traceable in certain lights; hind angles not carinate, the border merely abruptly depressed. Elytra convex, without humeri, rather strongly narrowed to apex, which is para- bolically rounded. Front coxae separated by nearly half the coxal width: meta- sternum longer than first ventral segment and without impressed line. (PI. Ill, figs. 1 and la). Length 1-1.2 mm. Hab. — Pennsylvania, Missouri. A small series in the Horn collection is all that I have seen. The comparatively robust form and convex elytra without humeri are sufficient to distinguish this species at a glance from any of its American congeners. The punctuation of the pronotum is closer and stronger than usual, the prosternal side pieces are, however, subimpunctate, and the metasternum and abdomen are finely, sparsely punctulate as in the other species. H. singular!* Beck. — This species, as will be seen by the figure, is inter- mediate in form between ragusse and kunzei. It is more slender and less convex than the former, but is not distinctly depressed as is the latter. The humeri are nearly wanting, the surface is quite shining, the punctuation very sparse and fine on the pronotum, a little more distinct on the elytra, and almost as strong on the presternum as in ragusse. The antennae are much as in kunzei. Eyes small, distant their own diameter from the antennae, tempora very short. Sculp- ture of the base of the pronotum much as in kunzei, but the basal transverse line is better defined, the median longitudinal carina obsolete, the hind angles not carinate. Front coxae separated by about two-fifths the coxal width. The meta- sternum is scarcely as long as the first ventral segment; a character of import- ance, since in all our other species it is visibly longer than the first ventral. Metasternum without median impressed line. 'PI. Ill, figs. 2 and 2a). Length 1.2 mm. Hab.— This is a common species throughout Europe, and has been found in various parts of Asia and Africa. It has been re- corded from New York and Yuma in our territory ; but, as has been already remarked, the specimens so referred were quite surely kunzei; its occurrence therefore in our fauna has yet to be verified. H. kunzei Aube. — Depressed, yellowish or reddish testaceous, very finely and sparsely punctate, both above and beneath, pubescence fine, short and incon- spicuous. Antennae passing the middle of the prothorax ; first two joints elon- gate, subequal, the first a trifle stouter, third longer than wide, following joints about as wide as long; first joint of club very slightly wider and longer than the terminal joint. Eyes moderate, distant from the antennae by about half their diameter, tempora small, the eyes nearly contiguous to the prothorax in repose. Prothorax a little more than one-fourth wider than long, surface flattened, widest a little behind the front angles, sides sinuate posteriorly, hind angles a little obtuse ; disk with a median punctiform fovea in front of the middle, a longitu- H. C. FALL. 109 din a] basal stria each side nearer the margin than the middle, the stria? connected near their anterior extremities by a transverse impressed line, which is obtusely angulate posteriorly, and again by a less distinct impressed line close to the basal margin ; median line from the anterior transverse impression to the base de- pressed and very finely carinulate ; hind angles with a very fine carina close to and parallel with the margin. Elytra feebly convex, three times as long as the thorax, tip broadly obtusely rounded. Front coxa? separated by about two-fifths the coxal width, middle coxa; by fully the coxal width; metasternum longer than the. first ventral segment and with an impressed median line in the apical half. (PI. Ill, figs. 3 and 3«). Length 1-1.2 mm. Hah. — New York; California (Los Angeles Co. ; Riverside). Seven examples are before me, differing scarcely at all. The carina of the thoracic angles is very fine, and so close to the margin as to be with difficulty distinguished when viewed from above. H. ptM'ificus Lee. — Elongate, rufotestaceous, very minutely indistinctly punctulate; pubescence very fine, short and sparse: surface moderately shining but not polished, a little dulled by finer sculpture apparently. Head a little nar- rower than the pro thorax, eyes rather small, separated from the antennal fovea? by about half their own diameter ; tempora slightly shorter than the eyes, which usually appear to be distant from the prothorax by about their own diameter. Antennae, when directed backward, not quite reaching the transverse impression of the prothorax, ninth joint a little wider than the preceding, joints of club transverse, the last but little shorter than the tenth, though distinctly narrower. Prothorax subcordate, a little wider than long, sides rounded in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles a little obtuse, not carinate above, but with a small fovea extending obliquely inward; the disk between these fovea broadly impressed and bearing near the middle two approximate small fovese, which are best defined when viewed obliquely from behind. Elytra widest at about one-third from base, thence obliquely narrowed both before and behind ; apex subtruncate, outer angles rounded. Anterior coxa? separated by about one-third the coxal width, middle coxae by fully their own width. First ventral segment as long at the middle as the next three together, fifth about as long as the two preceding united ; sixth more or less exposed in all specimens examined. Femora stout, clavate ; tibia? gradually wider to apex. (PL III, figs 4 and 4u). Length 9-1.4 mm. Hab. — California, Los Angeles Co. (Coquillet) ; Pomona, under bark of decaying log in April ; Palm Springs, about grass roots, and in debris along the Colorado River (Hubbard) ; Arizona, Tuc- son, in decaying Cereu* giganteus, January (Hubbard) ; Santa Rita Mts., in decaying Dasylirion ivheeleri, May (Schwarz). Varies somewhat in the form of the prothorax, this being usually more or less transverse, but occasionally nearly or quite as long as wide. H. floririuiius sp. nov. — Bufotestaeeous, elytra with an ill-defined darker transverse shade behind the middle ; surface polished and not evidently punc- tate. Tempora short. Hind angles of thorax not carinate, moderately deeply foveate, the transverse subbasal impression narrow, sharply defined, anteriorly arcuate each side, instead of straight as in paeificus and caularum. Length 1 mm. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 110 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. Hub. — Florida (Key West). Described from a single example in the Horn collection. The form is a trifle less slender than in caularum, but the chief distin- guishing characters are the im punctate surface and the form of the transverse subbasal impression of the pronotum, which is more nearly linear and lacks the two small median fovea?, which are always more or less evident in both pacificus and caularum. H. caularum Aube. — Yellowish testaceous, punctuation very fine, but a little closer and more sharply defined than in pacificus; surface polished. Tem- pora very short, merely a raised margin not longer than one-fifth or one-sixth the diameter of the eye ; eyes therefore nearly contiguous to the prothorax when the head is retracted. Hind angles of the pronotum with a fine, short carina exterior to the lateral basal fovese, the discal transverse impression with its two median fovea? nearly as in pacificus, but moresharply defined. Length 1.1-1.3 mm. Huh. — Five specimens are before me, one taken by Coquillet (Los Angeles Co.), the others by Dr. Fenyes at Pasadena, flying and under bark in February, and again in September. Caularum is much like pacificus, but is at once separable by the polished surface, more distinct punctuation, nearly obsolete tempora, and carinate hind angles of the pronotum ; the lateral fovea? of the pronotum are also longer, deeper and less obviously oblique than in pacificus. Tribe II. Dasycerini. This tribe contains only the single genus Dasycerus, represented by five' species in the European fauna and two in our own. Not- withstanding the opinion expressed by Mr. Belon, based, it must be confessed, upon a study of the genera of the globe, that Dasycerus should be considered as merely an aberrant member of the tribe Lathridiini, it has seemed to me that the assemblage of characters possessed by this singular genus is worthy of the greater emphasis here accorded it. So far as I can learn all the European writers either assert or assume that the front coxal cavities are closed behind throughout the family. As a matter of fact they are open behind in both Holoparamecus* and Dasycerus. In addition to the open coxal cavities, the prosternal process is lacking in Dasycerus, which in both these respects differs radically from every other genus of the * I do not know if this holds good throughout the Merophysiini, but think it very probable. It is so in Merophysia, which is the only genus I have been able to test. H. ('. FALL. 1 11 Lathridiini. Add to this the capillary antennse, tlie club consisting of nodifonn enlargements of the intermediate portions of the outer joints (except the terminal joint), the very long aciculate terminal joint of the maxillary palpus, the abdomen composed of six segments in both sexes, with the basal segment scarcely longer than the second, all of which characters are foreign to the remaining genera of the tribe, and the setting apart of Dasycerus as a distinct tribe would appear to be justified. There are several other characters possessed by Dasycerus, which, if of themselves of minor importance, are yet in the aggregate quite significant. The mentum, which everywhere else is more or less strongly transverse and deeply sculptured, is here fully as long as broad, its surface polished and impunctate. The tibiae instead of widening gradually to the apex, as in all other genera, are widest at or near the middle, whence they are narrowed toward the apex. The form of the prothorax, the membranous and ciliate elytral margin, and finally the sculpture and vestiture of the entire upper surface are all peculiar to the genus in question. Our two species, one from each side of the continent, are quite closely related ; they may be readily separated by the following short descriptions. D. carolinensis Horn. — Brown; head triangular, base truncate with rounded angles, tempora about as long as the eyes; the latter globose, very prominent, but a little concealed from above by the elevated side margins of the front. Prothorax transversely hexagonal, side margins membranaceo-explanate, disk transversely impressed behind the middle, longitudinally costiform each side the median line, both before and behind the transverse impression. Elytra broadly oblong-ovate, humeri rather narrowly rounded ; each elytra with three sharply defined entire costa, their summits with a close set series of stout scale- like elevations, each of which bears a recurved bristle; intercostal intervals bi- seriately punctate, those between the first and second, and second and third costse with an irregular intermediate line of more distant punctures. Meso- sternum with a median longitudinal raised line or carina, which extends through- out its length and between the middle coxa;, which are narrowly separated. (PI. Ill, figs. 5 and 5a). Length 1.75 mm. Hab. — North Carolina, Morgantown (Morrison), Retreat and Round Knob (Hubbard and Schwarz). The head and prothorax are apparently granulate, the granules forming the pedicels for the yellowish hairs of the surface. The margin of the elytra in all specimens seen is without membranous border, and is similar in structure to the discal cost;e. In two females each sutural costa bears near the apex an acute process TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1S99. 112 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. which is Went toward and is nearly in contact with its fellow at tip. The suture is not distinctly elevated. I), iiiigiilivolliw Horn. — Very similar to carolinensis. The sides of the thorax are a trifle more sharply angulate ; the intercostal spaces are more regu- larly triseriately punctate (the interval between the suture and the first oosta bears only two series of punctures in both species), the intermediate line of punc- tures being litre nearly as regular and as closely placed as the other two. The elytra are more oval, the humeri being more broadly rounded and the sides less parallel at the middle. The elytra, as well as the prothorax, are provided in fresh specimens with a membranous border, in which the marginal cilise may be seen by transmitted light. The mesosternum is not distinctly carinate on the median line. The females lack the peculiar processes of the sutural costie noted in the preceding species. Length 1.75 mm. Ha b. — California. The only specimens that I have seen with exact locality label were collected by Dr. Fenyes at Monterey. I>. grouvellei Belon is described from the Mariposa region of Cali- fornia. The characters given do not seem to me sufficient lor its separation, in fact they are for the most part based on a misappre- hension of angulicollis, which Belon had not seen. I have there- fore followed Dr. Horn in regarding it as a synonym of angulicollis. Tribe III. Latiikidiini. The more important characters of this tribe are : Epistoma (except very rarely ), wider than the labium, and on a somewhat lower plane than the front, from which it is separated by a strongly marked suture. Front more or less coarsely or rugosely sculptured, often silicate or carinate. Antenna? 11 -jointed (except in some Metoph- thalmus), club 2 or 3-jointed. Prothorax with pronounced sculp- ture, often costate and variously foveate or impressed; side margins without denticles, properly speaking, but often lightly crenulate. Elytra each 6-8 punctate-striate (except Revelieria), intervals fre- quently in part more strongly elevated or even carinate. Anterior coxal cavities closed behind and separated by a prosternal lamina, which (except in Adistemia) is distinctly visible. Middle coxae more widely separated than the anterior, except in Adistemia. Abdomen composed of five segments in both sexes. In form of body, details of sculpture and coloration there is great diversity. The vast majority of species are glabrous or subglabrous, the only notable exceptions being Lath rid in* productus and Enicmus Iiirtus, both of which are thus far of very rare occurrence in this country. H. C FALL. 113 Table of Genera. Pronotum with dorsal costse. Eyes entirely superior ; elytra connate MetopllthalnillS. Eyes lateral ; elytra not connate. Presternum not reaching the posterior border of the prothorax, the epimera coalesc.ent on the median line Lathridius. Prosternum reaching the hind margin of the prothorax, separating the epi- mera Con i nonius. Pronotum without dorsal costae. Elytra not connate. Eyes large, not very distant from the antennae, scutellum distinct. Enicmus. Eyes small or minute, remote from the antennae; scutellum indistinct. Trochanters normal. Middle coxae not contiguous Cartodere. Middle coxae contiguous Adistemia. Trochanters long, cylindrical Belonia. Elytra connate Revelieria. METOPHTHALMIS Woll. Body minute, subdepressed, glabrous; pronotum foveate and sili- cate; elytra with six or eight series of large foveiform punctures. Head bicostate, sides with broad flattened margin ; eyes very small, composed of few lenses, widely distant from the antenna? and entirely superior. Antenna? 9-11 jointed, club 2 or 3-jointed (3-jointed in all our species). Margins of head, thorax and often of the humeri finely serrulate or crenulate. Scutellum wanting ; wings obsolete. Coxa? more or less separated ; abdomen with five segments, the first nearly or quite as long at middle as the two following united. Legs rather short; femora moderately stout; tibiae straight, gradually broader toward the apex ; tarsi with the first two joints nearly equal in length, third equal to the first two together; claws simple. The species of this genus possess a very uniform and characteris- tic facies, which renders them at once recognizable. Unless secured immediately after disclosure from the pupae, more or less of the pronotum, under surface, and in certain species, of the elytra, is usually covered with a chalk-like indument composed of crypto- Lia mic dust or debris, which it is difficult to remove. The presence or absence of this indument must, in the nature of things, be in some degree fortuitous, and in only one of our species — albos ig- natus — is its disposition so constantly peculiar as to warrant its use as a specific character. In the Essay already mentioned Mr. Belon restricts Metophthalmus to those species having 9 or 10-jointed an- TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (15; NOVEMBER, 1899. 114 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA tenure with 2-jointed club, and erects a new genus — Metatypus -to contain a small number having the antennae 11-jointed with 3-jointed club. Following this method of division with our species, omen- canw would be a Metophthalmus, trux, null* and albonotatus would fall in Metatypus, while parvlceps with its 10-jointed antennae and 3-jointed club would have to have another genus established for its reception. Such a procedure, however, would be entirely unwar- ranted, and in view of the striking uniformity in every other signifi- cant detail of both structure and faeies, it is difficult to hud an excuse for even subgeneric titles Indeed, the course here pursued by Mr. Belon appears to be quite the opposite to that followed else- where in similar cases, and if we would be consistent Metatypus must, I think, share the fate of Tomyrium, Tocalium, Calyptobium and others. Our five species are easily separable as follows: Antennae 10-jointed. Head broader, sides of prothorax not distinctly angulate at middle, humeri subdentiform parviceps. Head narrower, sides of prothorax angulate, humeri rounded -americauuK. Antenna' 11-jointed. Elytra with eight rows of punctures riuli*. Elytra with six rows of punctures. Size larger, elytra at base wider than the contiguous base of the prothorax. trux. Size smaller, elytra at base equal in width to the contiguous base of prothorax. albosignatus. JI. |>arvi«'e|>* Lee. — Ferruginous. Head wider than long, sides strongly rounded, distinctly serrulate. Antennas 10-jointed. club 3-jointed. Prothorax nearly one-half wider than long; sides usually broadly rounded at the middle, a little more strongly convergent before than behind, margin serrulate; disk with the usual sculpture, viz.: transversely trifoveate on the anterior half, the lateral fovea- larger and more vague than the intermediate one ; rather deeply transversely sulcate posteriorly; the sides of the median fovea are more or less elevated anteriorly, and these with two more approximate tubercles at the middle of the base are usually the only portions of the disk not concealed by the ciyp- togamic indument. Elytra wider at base than the contiguous base of the pro- thorax, the humeral angles subdentiform and crenulate for a short distance, sides not or scarcely perceptibly angulate; disk of each with six series of large fovei- form punctures, the intervals very narrow ami alternately a little more promi- nent. Front coxa- separated by about half the coxal width, middle coxa- by the coxal width. (PI. Ill, figs. 6 and 6a). Length 1-1.2 mm. Hab. — Described by LeConte from a single specimen taken at San Jose, Cal. The five specimens now before me are from Alameda and San Mateo, some forty miles farther north. II. C. FALL. 115 HI. americaiiiiK Mots.— This species, which was taken by Motschulsky about the foot of trees at Mobile. Ala., remains unknown to us. Tbe antenna- are not mentioned in tbe description, but we are to infer from the generic diag- nosis that they are 10-jointed. The characters mentioned in the table are the only ones contained in the description that are serviceable for a comparison with parviceps, which aloue of our other species has 10-jointed antenna?. Length " £ lin. ; width ji lin." Hab.— Alabama ( Mobile). HI. l'lidis sp. nov. — Of same size, color and appearance as parviceps, except in following particulars: Head less transverse, the sides less strongly rounded. Antennae 11-jointed. Prothorax with sides a little less evenly rounded and less convergent behind. Elytra each with eight rows of foveate punctures, and therefore with three elevated intervals instead of two. The two lateral rows of punctures coalesce into a single row toward the base. (PI. Ill, tig. 7). Hab. — California (Ojai Valley; Los Angeles; Panimint Valley). Specimens were taken by me in the Ojai Valley in March, from the interior of a large woody fungus attached to the trunk of trees. M. I i-ii \ sp. nov. — Size, color and sculpture of parviceps. Head less trans- verse: antennas 11-jointed. Prothorax angulate at sides, the margin slightly concave behind the angulation. Elytra a little wider at base than the contiguous base of the prothorax, but less conspicuously so than in parviceps ; the side mar- gin, as viewed from above, a little more evidently angulate behind the humeri. Front and middle coxae distinctly less widely separated than in parviceps. (PI. Ill, fig. 8). Hab. —Texas (Columbus); California (San Benardino Mts.). Two examples from the former locality, taken by Mr. Schvvarz in dry debris of an old cotton wood tree, and one not appreciably different, taken by myself in the latter locality on the under side of a log in a slightly moist situation. M. albosignatus sp. nov.— Dark brown when mature, the chalky deposit affecting more or less the margin of the elytra and presenting behind the middle a conspicuous fascia, which is more or less interrupted at the suture. Head longer than wide, sides feebly arcuate, a little convergent. Sides of thorax strongly angulate and distinctly concave behind, parallel for a short distance before the base; hind angles right; margin feebly or scarcely crenulate. Sculp- ture of pronotum more pronounced than usual. Elytra at base not wider than the contiguous base of the prothorax, sides conspicuously angulate before the middle. Front and middle coxae more narrowly separated than in any other species. (PI. Ill, fig. 9). Length 1 mm. or slightly less — our smallest species. Hab. — Florida ( Biscayne and St. Petersburg). Taken rather abundantly at the former locality under moist bark of the Mastic- tree (Slderoxylon mastiehodendron), by Mr. Schwarz, and at St. Petersburg under wood chips on the shore of Tampa Bay by Mr. Hubbard. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER. 1899. 116 AMERTCAN COLEOPTERA L,ATIIKIDIUS Herbst. Body nearly or quite glabrous (except productus), shining, casta neous or brown. Head about as wide as long, rugosely punctate and canaliculate; epistoma depressed in arc and on a lower plane than the front, labrum broadly rounded ; eyes moderate in size, very prominent; tempera subparallel and one-half to three-fourths as long as the eye^; antennae proportioned us usual, club not very abruptly formed, usually 3-jointed, 2-jointed in brevielavus. Pro thorax as long or a little longer than wide, front angles more or less lobed, sides sinuately convergent to a point near or a little beyond the middle, thence divergent to base; disk longitudinally bicostate. Elytra fully twice as wide as the prothorax, broadly ovate, apex somewhat pointed; strongly punctate-striate, impressed behind the base, at the middle of the seventh stria and as usual on the suture at the apical fourth. Under surface nearly or quite impunctate throughout. Presternum excavate before each coxa and with the sides deeply transversely impressed, both before and behind; the intercoxal process extending a short but slightly variable distance behind the coxae, beyond which the epimera are coalescent on the median line. Metasternum with deep post-coxal fovese, from which radiate short rugae, which are much less developed than in many species of Enicmus. Middle cox* separated by their own width or more. Abdomen with five segments in both sexes, the first as long as the next two together, the last four subequal. First joint of tarsi distinctly shorter than the second. As in the case of the Euro- pean species, sexual characters are present in some of our species, but entirely lacking in others. The forms which appear worthy of specific standing in the mate- rial before me are thus separable: Elytra with a scries of erect hairs on each interspace producing. Elytra entirely glabrous, or with the hairs very tine, short and inconspicuous. Elytra rather strongly produced at tip ; size large lardai ius. Elytra riot or scarcely produced at tip. Antennal cluh 2-jointed ; prothorax scarcely narrower at middle, the sides nearly parallel behind the broadly prominent front angles. brevielavus. Antennal cluh 3-jointed ; prothorax more or less narrowed at middle. Tempora very long, H to f the length of the eye; seventh elytra! interval not carinate in basal half, at most a little more convex. Males with the front and middle tibia- slightly bent at the tip, and with a minute tooth on the inner side near the apex ; anterior femora with a short spine close to the trochanters ai-iual ulus. H. ('. FALL. 117 Males with the front tibiae alone toothed, the femora unarmed. moiitauus. Tempora distinctly shorter, about i the length of the eyes; discal costae of the pronotum more strongly developed ; no external sexual modi- fications. Seventh (humeral) interval of elytra usually very distinctly carinate to beyond the middle costicollis. Seventh interval of elytra not carinate, though usually more or less elevated behind the humeri liratus. Mannerhei m's fulvipennis, cinnamopterus and curtulus are quite certainly members of this genus. The two first named are possibly identical and may be (as has been assumed) the same as costicollis Lee. I have seen nothing that appears to fit the description of curtulus; its reference to Lathridius is less certain than is that of the other two. L.. productus Rosenh. — At once distinguishable from every other known species of our fauna by the series of rather long, erect hairs upon each elytral interval. As compared with liratus, the size is smaller, the tempora longer than half the diameter of the eye; the thorax scarcely longer than wide, the front angles more strongly lobate, with a second marginal lobe a little behind the angles; the humeral interval costate to beyond the middle. Length 1.7-1.8 mm. Hub. — Belon gives among' his localities "Amerique Septentrio- nale." I have seen no native specimens. L. lartlarius De Geer. — This common European species has been reported from our fauna only from the Queen Charlotte Islands. It may be recognized by the large size — 2.3 mm. or more— and by the elytra being subacuminately pro- duced beyond the tip of the abdomen, their apices narrowly rounded. The punc- tures of the elytral series are less coarse than in liratus, and are much finer apically. The third interval is a little prominent toward the base, the seventh not at all elevated. In the male all the tibise are curved, minutely acutely dentate within near the apex, and finely serrate along the internal margin in about the apical half, these characters being most pronounced on the front tibia?. (PI. Ill, fig. 10). \i. breviclavus sp. nov. — Robust, reddish brown, the prothorax darker. Antenna? shorter Than in liratus, the outer joints of the funicle less elongate, the ninth about as wide as long; club 2-jointed. Prothorax nearly as wide as long, not much narrowed at middle, the surface densely rugosely punctate, the costas less sharply defined than in liratus. Elytra broadly oval, the strial punctures less coarse, especially toward the apex, than in liratus: the seventh interval dis- tinctly carinate from the humerus to a little beyond the middle. (PI. Ill, figs. 11 and 11a). Hab. — Michigan (Grand Ledge) ; Long Island. Two examples only are at hand, in which there are no apparent sexual characters. Among the species at present known in our fauna, this is at once recognized by its 2-jointed antennal club. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVKMBER, 1899. 118 AMEKTCAN COLEOPTERA. Li. :i rill ;tf ii Ins sp. nov. — Very closely allied to liratus, from which it may be separated with certainty by the longer tempo ra and the sexual characters. Aside from these there are certain other differences which become evident on comparison. The antenna? here are distinctly more slender than in liratus, the prothorax is, as a rule, much less narrowed at the middle — though this is a vari- able character in both species — the punctuation of the pronotum is denser, and the discal costre less sharply denned. (PI. Ill, figs. 12, 12a, 126 and 12c). Length 1.9-2.25 mm. Hab. — California (San Francisco; Santa Barbara; Pomona; Catalina Id.). This is a common species in maritime Southern California, occur- ring on various trees and plants. The tooth near the apex of the middle tibia in the % is very minute and easily overlooked. In So. Cal. specimens, which may he considered typical, the humeral interval is not at all costate, being a little more convex and promi- nent at hase. In some San Francisco examples possessing the same male characters and the long tempora, and therefore held to he identical, the humeral interval is more or less costate or suhcostate toward the base, approaching in this respect costico/li*. I must admit that notwithstanding the apparently good charac- ters used to separate them, I do not feel sure of the distinctness of armatulus and costicollis. Twenty-two examples of the latter have been seen, and in these no external sexual marks are present. It is barely possible of course that these are all females, and that the length of the tempora is not to be depended upon. If they are dis- tinct, as I believe it best for the present to assume, then it is certain that they were confused by LeConte, and it matters little to which the name costicollis is applied. Li. iiiontuiiiis sp. nov. — Differs from armatulus— its nearest ally — in little, except the sexual characters mentioned in the table. The form is a little more elongate, and the prothorax is less narrowed at the middle than in any specimens of armatulus that I have examined. Length 2.2 mm. Hub. — Colorado (Leavenworth Valley — 10,000 ft.). A single £ collected by Mr. Wickham. Li. costicollis Lee.— Nearly identical with liratus in every particular, ex- cept that mentioned in the table, viz. : the carination of the. seventh interval of the elytra. This is a little variable in degree, but is too obvious to be mistaken in any one of the twenty-two specimens before me. No sexual characters are discoverable in the material at hand. Hab.— Montana (Bear Paw Mt.) ; Colorado (Veta Pass); Utah (Park City, Alta) ; British Columbia (North Bend); Washington (Tenino) ; Oregon (Astoria); California (San Francisco). H. C. FALL. 119 The greater part of the specimens seen were collected by Hub- bard and Schwarz. This species has been suppressed as the equivalent of fulvipennis Mann. ; while this course may be correct, the synonymy does not seem to me to be sufficiently well established. Ii. lira I iin Lee. — Oastaneous, legs and antennae a little paler, glabrous, shin- ing throughout. Head coarsely and densely punctate, longitudinally silicate, the sulcus broader and deeper posteriorly; tempora parallel, usually nearly half as long as the eye, their hind angles right and scarcely rounded ; antenna4 nearly or quite attaining the hind angles of the pronotum, rather slender, joints all longer than wide, except the tenth, which is as wide as, or a little wider than long. Prothorax a little wider than the head, a little longer than wide, sides sinuately and moderately to rather strongly convergent from the lobed anterior angles to beyond the middle, thence slightly diverging to base; surface rather coarsely and somewhat irregularly punctate; margin reflexed, disk with two entire longitudinal costae, which are nearly parallel in basal two-thirds, then arcuately divergent and showing a tendency to curve inward and unite along the anterior margin. The transverse subbasal impression is distinct and divided by the costae into three broad depressions. Elytra broadly ovate, the side mar- gin explanate, tips separately rounded and scarcely produced ; disk broadly impressed behind the base, striae coarsely puuetate, the punctures distinct to the apex, though gradually smaller posteriorly ; intervals a little convex, -the third a little prominent at base, and the seventh more noticeably elevated— though not carinate — in basal half. Under surface subimpunctate and shining throughout; the metasternum with short, more or less distinct rugae radiating from deep post-coxal foveae ; ventral segments very finely reticulate, except along their apical margins. (PI. Ill, fig. 131. Length 2 mm. Hab. — New Hampshire; Vermont; Rhode Island; Massachu- setts ; New York ; Canada ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia ; Illinois ; Michigan ; District of Columbia. A common species throughout the Northwestern United States and Canada. There are no external sexual characters. C'ONINOMUS Thorn. This genus is closely allied to Lathridius, and though accepted by LeConte and Reitter, is more recently given only subgeneric standing by Belon. The prosternal process, however, here reaches the hind margin of the prothorax, completely separating the epimera, and according to the value we have chosen to ascribe to that charac- ter (I am not at all sure that its importance has not been overesti- mated), the two genera must be held as distinct. The very deeply incised prothorax gives to the members of Coninomus a facies which is not closely approached by any species of Lathridius known to me,* * According to Belon Lathridius alternatus lias the thorax nearly as deeply incised. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER. 1899. 120 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. and the semi-transparent membranous border, which is here tolera- bly persistent, is only rarely represented in a modified form in Lathridius. To this we may add that the first two tarsal joints are nearly equal in Goninomus, and the antennae are much shorter. Those characters upon which so much reliance was formally placed, viz.: — the 2-jointed antennal club and longer tempora, are now seen to be of no value; in fact, as the somewhat numerous exotic species of Coninomus have become known, it is found that the greater number have a 3-jointed club, while in Lathridius arma- tulus the tempora are distinctly longer than in Coninomus australicus. From Eniemus, Coninomus is always separable by the diseal costee of the pronotum, as well as by the incised margin and mem- branous border. Our three species separate very simply. Elytra uot tuberculate. Antennal club 2-jointed, tempora subequal in length to the eyes. const ri etas. Antennal club 3-jointed, tempora about half the length of the eyes. australicus. Elytra tuberculate iiodifer. Strangulatus Mann, is unknown, and the description is too short to do more than indicate its generic position. It is, without much doubt, only another synonym of const rictus, and if so, is the fifth one made by the same author. uiic*atus sp. nov. — Elongate-oval, feebly convex, subopaque, fuscous, the elytra with the humeri and a broad apical area ferruginous, legs Hiid antenna' ferruginous. Head scarcely at all wider than long, densely rugosely punctate; front convex, longitudinally lightly sulfate: eyes small, tempora parallel and nearly as long as the eyes; antennae passing slightly the middle of the prothorax, outer joints of funicle subquadrate, club abruptly formed, its first two joints transverse. Prothorax transversely subquadrate, widest just in front of the middle, sides not strongly rounded, a little sinuate posteriorly, base and apex subequal, surface densely punctate, foveate ante- riorly on the disk, and moderately, deeply, transversely impressed before the H. C. FALL. 131 base; side margin slightly explanate and a little reflexed, minutely indistinctly crenulate. Elytra elongate-oval, with striae of very coarse punctures, which are as wide as, or even a little wider than the intervals, and with the exception of the two inner striae, but little finer apically; intervals nearly flat on the disk, the two outer ones distinctly convex. Body beneath impunctate, the metaster- num with numerous elevated lines or rugae radiating from post-coxal fovea?; first ventral segment with many similar subparallel longitudinal rugae. Middle coxae separated by substantially their own width. Length 1.4 mm. Hub. — Arizona. Described from two examples taken by Mr. Schwarz in the Chiricahua Mts. in the extreme southeastern part of the Territory. E. lU'tiiN sp. nov. — Elongate-oval, feebly convex; head and prothorax blackish, subopaque; elytra castaneous or piceo-castaneous, feebly shining; beneath piceous brown, legs and antennae rufous. Head about as long as wide, densely rugosely punctate, with a well-defined median sulcus, and on each side a shorter feebler one; eyes small, prominent, tempore, parallel and nearly as long as the eye; antennae a little longer than in aterrimus but similarly formed. Pro- thorax transversely subquadrate, sides feebly rounded, a little, convergent poste- riorly, not sinuate before the hind angles, margin minutely indistinctly crenu- late ; median sulcus shallow, a little broader anteriorly, the basal tranverse impres- sion deep. Elytra elongate-oval, striae scarcely impressed, except the sutural and two lateral ones, which are noticeably deeper ; the punctures moderate at base, growing finer posteriorly, and nearly obsolete well before the apex. Beneath impunctate, metasternum with short and rather fine rugae radiating from the post-coxal foveae, but not reaching the hind margin ; first ventral segment with very fine, subparallel, longitudinal rugae in basal half. Middle coxae separated by distinctly more than their own width. (PL IV, fig. 24). Length 1.65-1.85 mm. Hub. — Montana (Bear Paw Mt.) ; Colorado (Garland and Veta Pass); "Fort McLeod, N. W. Territory;" Nevada; California This species resembles mimm very closely, but the latter differs by the antennal joints being a little more elongate and the club less abruptly formed, and more conspicuously by the metasternum and first ventral segment being distinctly punctate over the entire surface. In these respects fictus agrees with crassipunctatus, from which the characters of the table, together with its larger size and different coloration, at once separate it. E. mi in us sp. nov. — The preceding description will serve admirably for this species with the following modifications and additions: The tempore are just perceptibly divergent, the prothorax more evenly rounded at the sides and widest very near the middle; the elytra a trifle more elongate, with the striae a little more coarsely punctate; the metasternum finely and rather sparsely punc- tate laterally, and still more sparsely and finely at the middle, with only faint indications of rugae close to the post-coxal foveae; first ventral finely and sparsely but distinctly punctate, not rugose ; color nearly uniform throughout, but varying from rufotestaceous to piceous. Length 2 mm. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1S99. 132 AMi:i:i< AN COLEOPTERA.. Ihib. — Colorado. One example from Denver and others without locality : Idaho. Beaver Canon. Very similar to fictus, but differing distinctly in the sculpture of the under surface and in antenna! formation, as described under the last named species. The resemblance to the European transversus is also very marked, a specimen in the Hubbard and Schwarz collec- tion indeed bearing this label. In transversus the prothorax is ordi- narily darker in color than the elytra, the sides are straighter, the elytra a little more parallel and more obtusely rounded at the apex, the metasternum and first ventral not punctate, but marked with rugae as in fictus, the first ventral with an impressed line produced obliquely backward for a short distance behind the inner margin of the coxa'. This impressed line is also present in the European rugosus, but I have not detected it in any of our species. The an- tenna' in transversus are formed as is mimus. E. vsiuus sp. now — Elongate-oval, moderately convex, piceous, feebly shin- ing, legs and antennae rufous. Head as long as wide, rugosely punctate, convex, without median sulcus, a small impression ai the middle of the posterior margin : eyes moderate, prominent, tempore a little more than one-third the length of the I'vts; antennae rather slender and reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, all joints after tin- first much longer than wide, except the tenth which is hut slightly so. Prothorax transverse, widest before the middle, sides moderately rounded anteriorly, faintly sinuate before the hind angles, which are nearly right ; mar- gins faintly subserrulate; surface rugosely punctate, a narrow, nearly complete hut not deeply impressed median line, which is hut slightly expanded anteriorly, and a deeper and broad transverse basal impression. Elytra elongate-oval, widest at the middle, finely pan ctate-striate, the punctures smaller and more lightly impressed toward the apex: interspaces nearly Hat, the outer one very slightly convex: minutely suhrugulose and dull. Metasternum rather sparsely, finely punctate, with a few very short and indistinct rugae radiating from the posterior margins of the feeble post-coxal fovea?; median impressed line of metasternum nearly complete. Firsl ventral finely and still more sparsely punctate, its surface minutely alutaceous anteriorly, its posterior margin moderately shining, as are t he following segments. Length 1.9 mm. Hab — Colorado (Ouray, 7500-8000 ft.). A single example was taken at the above locality by Mr. Wick- ham, who has very generously allowed me to retain it. It is closely allied to the following species, and also to the European rugosus, from the latter of which it nitty be distinguished by the absence of the oblique impressed lines of the first ventral, to which reference litis already been made under mimus. K. ineinltiv sp. nov. — Very close to vanua and differing as follows: The color is invariably uniformly ferruginous brown throughout in the series of fifteen examples before me; the form is a little broader, the antennas distinctly H. C FALL. 133 shorter, never attaining the hind angles of the pronotum ; the metasternum is moderately, closely punctate at the sides, but very much mine finely and remotely at the middle, while in vanus there is not much disparity. (PI. IV, fig. 25). Length 1.6-1.9 mm. Hub. — Arizona (Chiricahua Mts. — Schwarz). K. vent.rali"* sp. nov.— Moderately, broadly ovate, convex, reddish brown throughout. Head transverse, rugosely punctate, median sulcus distinct, a little deeper and wider behind ; eyes prominent ; tempora about one-fourth the length of the eyes, subparallel ; antennae not quite reaching the hind angles of the pro- notum, all joints longer than wide. Prothorax transversely quadrate, sides nearly straight and parallel, rounding in a little at the front angles; margin obsoletely, minutely serrulate ; surface rugosely punctate, median sulcus shallow, broader in front, posterior transverse impression deep. Elytra rather broadly ovate, not impressed toward the base, striae feebly impressed, punctures of moder- ate size at base, gradually finer posteriorly ; intervals nearly flat on the disk, the seventh acutely carinate nearly throughout its length. Metasternum distinctly, moderately closely punctate at sides, more sparsely toward the middle: post- coxal fovese deep, the radiating rugae short aud inconspicuous. Ventral segments impunctate; the first with two short, posteriorly inclined bristles or spines near the middle of the hind margin ; the fifth truncate, the truncature feebly sinuate and with the side angles a little prominent. (PI. IV, fig. 26). Length 1.65 mm. Hub. — California (Los Gatos and Lake Tahoe). Two examples in the Hubbard and Schwarz collection are all that I have seen of this interesting and very distinct species. There is little doubt that the ventral peculiarities above described are sexual. Nothing similar has been observed elsewhere, and they will render the species at once recognizable if males are at hand ; if not, the sculpture of the under surface, the parallel sided thorax and cari- nate seventh interval of the elytra will serve quite as well. K. cordatiiM Belon. — Broadly oval, convex, red-brown. Head densely ru- gosely punctate, without median sulcus; eyes rather small but prominent, tem- pora apparently about one-third the length of the eye ; antennae slightly passing the middle of the prothorax, the first joint subglobular as usual, all others longer than wide, except the tenth, which is about as wide as long. Prothorax three-fourths broader than the head, transversely cordate, moderately strongly rounded in front, scarcely sinuate before the hind angles, which are oblique; side margins rather broadly explanate and a little reflexed. minutely, indistinctly crenulate: surface coarsely, densely, rugosely punctate and opaque, disk convex, the median sulcus obsolete, basal depression broad, deeper at the sides. Elytra moderately shining, broadly ovate, convex, without subbasal impression : margin explanate; stria' a little impressed, the punctures rather strong toward the base. finer apically: intervals very slightly convex. Metasternum with deep post- coxal foveas, and numerous longitudinal rugae, especially toward the sides. First ventral impunctate and with a few very fine and indistinct rugae. (PI. IV, fig. 27). Length 1.7 mm. Hab. — Oregon ; British Columbia (North Bend — Schwarz). TRANS. AM. EXT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 134 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA Two examples only have been seen, that from the former locality being the type which Mr. Belon has most kindly sent me for exami- nation. It is clearly distinct from tenuicornis though closely allied. K. teililicoruis Lee. — Oval, feebly convex, brown, the apical two-thirds of the elytra often blackish, legs and antenna' rufous or rufotestaceous : head and thorax densely rugosely punctate and opaque, elytra moderately shining. Head with distinct median sulcus, eyes moderately large and prominent, tem- pore short; autennffi slightly passing the middle of the pronotum, proportional as in the preceding species. Prothorax transversely cordate, sides moderately rounded in front, a little sinuate before the hind angles, which are nearly right; median sulcus lightly impressed, the transverse basal impression as usual ; side margins rather broad and slightly reflexed, minutely subcrenulate. Elytra rather broadly oval, strongly margined, impressed near the base, finely punctate- striate. the punctures a little coarser toward the base; intervals nearly flat. Metasternum not punctate, sides distinctly longitudinally rugose, the post-coxa] fovea- large. First ventral with rather fine, longitudinal rug*, which vary some- what in development, and are usually most noticeable behind the coxa?. (PI. IV, figs. 28, 28a). Length 1.6-1.9 mm. Hub. — Pacific Coast from Vancouver to So. California ; Nevada ; Arizona (Chiricahua Mts.)-; Colorado (Ouray); Montana (Gallatin Co.); Michigan (Detroit); New York (Otsego Co.) The Michigan example, with which the New York specimens are doubtless identical, though I have not made actual comparison, was described by LeConte as latieollis, but the small differences named do not appear to me to be specific. The few eastern speci mens seen are uniformly brown, as is the type of tenuicornis, but the majority of the western specimens have the elytra blackish, ex- cept at base. In the males the tibiae are all finely serrulate within in about the apical three-fourths, and are distinctly mucronate at tip. The same male characters are seen in the European testaeeus, but appear to have been overlooked by the European authors, at least Belon does not refer to it in his monograph. The fact is note- worthy since external sexual marks are present in but few species of Enicmus proper. Testaeeus and tenuicornis are very similar in nearly all respects, but our species may be distinguished by the absence of the oblique impressed lines of the first ventral, which seem to be always present in testaeeus. E. nii leal nl iin sp. nov.— Oval, subeonvex, reddish brown, shining, the head and prothorax a little darker and duller because of their dense punctuation. Head without median sulcus; eyes moderately large, tempora short; antennae attaining the hind angles of the pronotum, proportional about as usual. Pro- thorax broad, subcordate, widest at about the middle, base and apex subequal, the sides a little sinuate before the bind angles, which are only very slightly H. C. FALL. 135 obtuse; median sulcus faint, basal transverse impression strong, margins a little ex pi an ate, not distinctly serrulate. Elytra elongate-oval, stria?, distinctly im- pressed, the punctures coarse toward the base, intervals distinctly convex toward the base, less so apically. Mesosternum longitudinally rugose, metasternum with long, rather coarse, subparallel ruga?, which reach nearly to the hind mar- gin. Abdomen im punctate, the first segment without rugae. All the tibiae dis- tinctly mucronate internally at the apex in the male, but the inner margin is not visibly serrulate. Length 1.75 mm. Hub. — California. A single male without definite locality in the Horn collection. CARTODERE Thom. The small size, narrow or even linear often subdepressed form, the elytra with approximate rows of large rounded perforate punc- tures, give to the members of this genus a characteristic facies which can scarcely be mistaken. As heretofore constituted, the genus is in several points of structure quite polymorphic, and as represented with us the species are only fairly homogeneous, even after the removal of watsoni and tmicostata, each of which I have made the type of a distinct genus. The reasons for so doing are given else- where, and are based on certain structural peculiarities which must have been entirely overlooked by the European authors, as they are too important to have been passed over in silence if observed. As here restricted the species of our fauna exhibit the following char- acters, in addition to those of general facies above mentioned : Head subtriangular or trapezoidal, usually distinctly longer than wide; antennse shorter than the head and prothorax, inserted far in ad- vance of the eyes, which are small or even minute, club (except in jilum and intermedia) 3-jointed, abrupt. Prothorax without costse, more or less deeply transversely impressed posteriorly (except quad- rlfoveolata). Scutellum indistinct, elytra each 6-8 punctate-striate. Surface beneath, at least of the metasternum and abdomen, impunc- tate (except elegans) ; side pieces of metasternum not visible, the sutures apparently obliterated ; ventral segments five in both sexes, the sutures deep. Front and middle coxse always distinctly sepa rated, the former sometimes rather narrowly, the latter always more widely. Legs short and stout, first two tarsal joints short, subequal. In all our species except ruficollis, the elytral intervals bear sparse, fine, excessively short erect hairs, which are, in most cases, only visible when the elytra are viewed in profile. External sexual char- acters have been noticed only in elegans and costalata. In the former the front and middle tarsi are 2-jointed in the male ; an TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 136 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA extraordinary character, which is again seen in Adistemia watsoni, the front tarsi alone, however, being here affected. The study of this genus has proved of singular interest to me, and I much regret that our fauna contains so few of these odd little creatures, all of which, indeed, with the apparent exception of quad- rifoveolata, have been introduced through commerce. Their separa- tion is perfectly simple, as will appear below. Under side of body, at least of metasternum and abdomen, virtually inipunc- tate; labrum not inclosing epistoma at sides. Antenna] club triarticulate. Prothoras much narrower than the elytra. Elytra each with six rows of punctures, the third and fifth intervals cos- tate qiiadrifoveolata. Elytra each with seven rows of punctures, intervals not costate. rufieollis. I'rothorax but slightly narrower than the elytra. Eyes minute, situated at about their own length from the hind angles of the head. Elytral intervals 3-5-7 costiform costnlata. Elytral intervals suhequal, not costiform. form narrower- . filiform i*. Eyes much larger, occupying the hind angles: tempora wanting, .argns. Antennal club Inarticulate. Pronotum without anterior discal fovea intermedia. Pronotum with a large, rounded, more or less deep anterior discal fovea. til ii m. Underside of body, except the abdominal apex, coarsely, closely punctate; labrum inclosing the epistoma at sides elegans. Gordicollis Mann, is unknown to ns. It is more than likely that it is not different from ruficollis. C qnsidrifoveolata sp. nov. — Elongate, parallel, subdepressed, rufotes- taceous Head longer than wide, trapezoidal, the epistoma not dilated at sides; b. ilium prominent and rather deeply emarginate; eyes minute, composed of few lenses, and situated very near to the hind angles, which are nearly right; tem- pora subequal t < » the eyes; surface finely rather closely punctate, and with a fciveiform impression each side at about the middle. Antenna- short and stout. not attaining the hind margin of the protliorax ; basal two joints suborbicular, the first larger, joints 3 8 narrower than the second, subglobular, the outer ones a little transverse: club 3-jointed, somewhat gradually formed, the joints succes- sively wider, ninth and tenth transverse, eleventh as long as wide. Protliorax but little wider than the head, as long as wide, sides feebly arcuate and a little convergent posteriorly, disk finely, not very closely punctate and four foveolate, the anterior foveae larger and connected by a shallow transverse groove. Elytra nearly twice as wide as the protliorax. subparallel and about equally obtusely rounded before and behind; each with six rows of very large, deep punctures, the intervals narrow, the third and fifth wider and costate, the latter strongly so. All the intervals appear to bear short, fine, suberect hairs. Beneath suhim- punctate, the presternum with a few fine punctures in front; metasternum short, H. C. FALL. loT depressed along its anterior and posterior margins : first ventral longer than the. metasternum, distinctly and deeply bifoveate at the middle, and with less well defined impressions immediately behind the coxae. Front and middle coxae about equally, and rather narrowly separated. (PI. IV, fig. 29). Length 1 mm. Hub. — California (Los Gatos). A single example in the Hubbard and Schwarz collection. The nondilated epistoma and elytra, each with six rows of punctures, at once distinguish this very interesting species, which is the most minute in our fauna. The eyes are as small as in filiformis. C rilficolli* Marsh. — Moderately elongate, subcon vex, color usually rufo- ferruginous, with the elytra brownish, but occasionally concolorous. Head sub- trapezoidal, a little longer than wide, densely but not coarsely punctate, not im- pressed ; eyes moderate, situated a little before the hind angles; antennae rather short and stout, not reaching the hind margin of the prouotum, club somewhat abrubt, 3-jointed ; first joint large, orbicular; second less thick, elongate-oval; third small and subglobular; fourth to eighth obconic, gradually shorter, but all longer than wide; joints of club of equal width, ninth longer than wide, tenth a little transverse, eleventh as long as the ninth. Prothorax subcordiform, often with membranous margins; without the margin slightly wider than the head, sides rather strongly rounded anteriorly, quite deeply incised or constricted poste- riorly, transversely impressed between the points of constriction ; disk otherwise without foveae or costae, surface densely, rather finely punctate, side margin not well defined. Elytra elongate-oval, each with seven rows of coarse, closely-placed punctures, which are sometimes a little confused on the disk; intervals narrow, crenulate by the punctures, plane or very feebly convex, except the sixth, which is slightly more prominent. Beneath impunctate, the metasternum with a trans- verse groove behind the coxae, which is deeper at the extremities. Front and middle coxae well separated ; legs rather stout. (PI. IV, fig. 30). Length 1-1.2 mm. Hub. — Massachusetts (Blanchard) ; New York; Pennsylvania; Virginia; Oregon (Astoria — Hubbard and Schwarz). A common species throughout Europe, and one that is likely to become quite cosmopolitan. . filum Aube. — Linear, subdepressed, rufotestaceous. Head but slightly longer than wide, subtriangular, with a quite sharply impressed, median, longitu- dinal sulcus, which is gradually wider posteriorly ; surface more or less rugosely punctate, the groove smoother; labrum rounded in front, epistoma moderately dilated at sides; eyes large, occupying the hind angles. Antenna? a little longer and more slender than in filiformis, joints 3-9subequal and evidently longer than wide; club 2-jointed, the joints of about equal width and both longer than wide. Prothorax transversely cordate, sides a little sinuate posteriorly; margin expla- nate, edge not or scarcely crenulate ; surface more or less rugosely punctate, a rather large anterior discal fovea which varies in depth, and a transverse sub- basal sulcus which sometimes contains a median fovea. Elytra sublinear, each with seven rows of rather deep, rounded punctures, the intervals nearly equally subcouvex, the outer ones as usual tending to become a little more prominent, Beneath subimpunctate, the metasternum and abdomen polished ; the former with a rounded or subcordate median area, which is defined by a deep groove. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 14" AMERICAS COLEOPTERA. First ventral with a slightly curved, longitudinal, deeply impressed line extend- ing backward from each coxa nearly to the hind margin of the segment, the surface adjacent declivous, so as to form a rather large excavation, which is broader posteriorly. The following segments are each marked by a transverse, subarcuate. suleiform impression. Front coxse narrowly but distinctly separated, middle coxse distant by fully two-thirds their own width. PI. IV. fig. :\ I . Length 1.4-1.6 mm. Hab. — New York; Canada (Ottawa— in pea straw— Fletcher : Colorado. This species occurs in many parts of Europe, in Algeria, and is said to be common in Mexico. The dozen examples before me ex- hibit considerable variation in the width of the prothorax, the depth of the discal fovea, and in the degree of coarseness of sculp- ture c>f nearly all parts of the body. C elegans Aube.— Elongate, parallel, subdepressed. Head and prothorax densely, not coarsely punctate; the former very little longer than wide, evenly convex : eyes small, situated at their own length from the hind angles, which are right and narrowly rounded : labrum dilated at sides and inclosing the epistoma. Antenna? passing slightly the middle of the prothorax. rather stout, joints :; S about as wide as long, the outer ones a little wider and snbmoniliform : club abrupt. 3-jointed. the joints of about equal width, the middle one transverse. Prothorax subtrapezoidal, a little wider than the head and about as long as wide. sides nearly straight and convergent from the front angles, the base a little nar- rower than the apex; surface punctate like the head, a somewhat ill-defined. longitudinal, submarginal impression. Elytra about one-half wider than the prothorax. subparallel. sides feebly rounded, humeri tolerably well defined ; each with eight rows of moderately coarse punctures: intervals narrow, the third, fifth and seventh distinctly though not very strongly costiform through- out. Beneath without fovea?, or impressed lines, coarsely, closely punctate throughout, except toward the abdominal apex, which is nearly smooth. Front coxse separated by about one-third their own width, middle coxse by nearly their own width : hind coxal cavities attaining the sides of the body. First ven- tral segment longer than the metasternum. and as long at sides as the two fol- lowing united : segments 2-5 subequal. ,'P1. IV. fig. 35). Length 1.3 1.4 mm. Male. -Front and middle tarsi 2-jointed. Femaie.— Front tarsi normal. Hab. — Washington, D. C. A -mall number of specimens from the above locality are all that I have seen from our territory. They vary in some trifling respects from European specimens received from Reitter, but I have no doubt of their identity. Elegans has been previously known only from the Mediterranean region. The coarsely punctate under surface is seen elsewhere among our lies only in Adistemia watsoni, and the relation between these two is further evident by their near agreement in the peculiar sexual H. C. FALL,. 141 tarsal characters, and also in the labrum, which encloses the epis- toma at the sides. Elegans, however, does not share the structural features upon which Adistemia has been founded, and is for the present left with Cartodere, although an aberrant member of the genus. ADISTEMIA gen. nov. The somewhat remarkable divergence from typical Cartodere in the structure of the under body seems to require the separation of C. watsoni under a new generic title. The characters upon which this new genus rests are chiefly these : Front and middle coxre con- tiguous, their cavities separated by a thin depressed lamina which is not visible, or only very indistinctly so without dissection. Hind coxae subcorneal and slightly prominent, the cavities falling far short of reaching the sides of the body. Metasternum and first ventral segment connate, the suture entirely obliterated between the coxa?, but visible from the outer side of the coxa to the margin. In no other member of the tribe Lathridiini occurring with us are the front coxa? contiguous, while the other characters above mentioned I have encountered nowhere else in the entire family. A. watsoni Woll. — Elongate, narrow, depressed, entirely rufotestaceous ; head and thorax glabrous, elytra with sparse, extremely short, whitish erect hairs, which are scarcely visible, except in profile, and are then very incon- spicuous, except on the declivity. Head nearly twice as long as wide, truncate, behind, sides a little rounded and convergent to the insertion of the antennae ; labrum strongly dilated, enclosing the epistoma at sides and equal in width to the head posteriorly; eyes small, situated at nearly twice their length from the hind angles, and at almost twice that distance from the antennas ; surface finely densely punctate, without costae or impressions. Antennae a little shorter than the head and prothorax together, the first two joints larger, suboval, the first but little larger than the second ; joints 3-5 twice as long as wide, 6-8 shorter, the eighth but slightly elongate; last three joints forming the club, subequal in width, 9-10 slightly longer than wide, eleventh nearly as long as the two preced- ing united. Prothorax scarcely wider than the head, longer than wide, widest before the middle, sides rounded and posteriorly convergent, surface densely punctate, posteriorly broadly, but not deeply, transversely impressed. Elytra very elongate, subelliptical, each with eight striae of rather coarse punctures, intervals very narrow, except the third and seventh, which are broader and dis- tinctly costate. Beneath densely punctate throughout, except the last two or three ventral segments, the punctuation finer anteriorly, but quite coarse, on the first two ventrals. Front and middle coxae contiguous or nearly so, their cavi- ties separated by a very thin lamina, which is not distinctly visible; hind coxae small, subcorneal and slightly prominent, widely separated. (PI. IV, fig. 36). Length 1.4-1.65 mm. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 142 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA Male. — Front tarsi 2-jointed ; hind coxse with a moderately long acute spine on the inner side, ventral surface not ascending at apex. Female. — Tarsi normal; hind coxse without spine; ventral surface ascending at apex. Hab. — Washington, D. C. — "In drugs;" "in dust from feed store;" and "among Alaskan Lepidoptera." This species was described by Wollaston in 1871 from specimens taken on the interior walls of a bouse at Funcbal, Madiera. Since then it has been recorded from the Canaries, Algeria, Cape of Good Hope, Portugal, Venezuela and Chili. Itl I ON I \ gen. nov. This genu's is erected for the reception of Cartodere unieostata, which differs remarkably from every other Lathridiidi known to me by its greatly developed trochanters, these being slender, cylindrical, arcuate, and about equal in length to the fourth ventral segment. This peculiarity, while suggesting Eumicrw and allies of the Scyd- msenidse, is not as in these latter coupled with other traits which may be considered of tribal value. Belonia is, in fact, in most re- spects, a near ally to Cartodere, and only two supplementary char- acters seem worthy of mention, viz. : the antennae are much longer and more slender than in any Cartodere known to me, the interme- diate joints (3-8) being so slender as to almost merit the term fili- form ; and the prothorax is so small as to give the insect a very singular apect. What weight to attach to these two character can- not be determined without a wider knowledge of the exotic forms of Cartodere than I now possess ; I suspect, however, that they will prove to be of some significance. I take great pleasure in naming the genus in honor of the distinguished French entomologist and authority on the Lathridiidse of the world, M. Marie-Joseph Belon of Lyons. B. unieostata, Belon.— Elongate, rnfotestaceous, glabrous. Head longer than wide, finely, feehly, subrugosely punctate, and with a short faint longitudi- nal impression; eyes small, prominent, situated at less than their length from the hind angles; tempora convergent posteriorly ; sides before the eyes moder- ately convergent; epistoma expanded to a width equal to that of the head with- out the eyes; labrum suhtruncate; antennae distant from the eyes, inserted ante- riorly beneath the finely margined sides of the front, passing the hind margin of the prothorax ; first joint subglobular, second a little narrower, elongate-oval ; 3-8 nearly filiform, the third more than three times as long as wide, the following joints gradually very slightly shorter; club 3-jointed, joints all longer than wide. Prothorax about as long as wide, not wider than the head including the eyes, H. C. FALL. 143 sides sinuately parallel in front, deeply constricted near the base, and suddenly narrowed at the front angles to a fine marginal bead, which is of about the width of the neck ; surface very finely subrugosely punctate like the head, disk with a broad impression each side anteriorly, these impressions subcontinent at the middle ; and a transverse subbasal impressed line which is deeper at its extremi- ties. Elytra elongate-oval, about two and one-half times as wide as the thorax, and more than twice as long as the head and thorax combined ; base minutely rectangular each side, humeri not defined, side margin strongly arcuate when viewed laterally ; each with eight rows of coarse, deep, closely placed punctures; intervals very narrow, nearly flat, except the sixth, which is costate throughout; there is a small but distinct lateral transverse impression on each elytron before the middle, beginning at about the third stria. Epiplurse rather feebly indexed and marked with a similar row of punctures. Scutellum not distinctly entering the disk of the elytra. Under surface impunctate; metasternum shorter than the first ventral, the latter with a deep, transverse, nearly straight impressed line just behind the coxae, and reaching nearly to the sides of the body. Ventral seg- ments 2-4 slightly deceasing in length, fifth a little longer. Front coxae dis- tinctly though rather narrowly separated ; middle coxse distant by about three- fourths the coxal width. Hind coxal cavities not quite reaching the sides of the body. Trochanters very long, arcuate, cylindrical. (PI. IV, figs. 37, 37«, 376). Length 1.3 mm. Hab. — Florida (Crescent City — collection Hubbard and Schwarz). Belon records it from Mexico. The identification of tbe two examples sent me by Mr. Schwarz is made certain by a comparison with a type of unicostata kindly sent me by Belon. In one of the Florida examples the abdomen is strongly ascend- ing at the apex and the tip concealed ; in the other there is no sign of this, and a small sixth segment is exposed. The specimens are very likely male and female, but it is not possible to say if these conditions are constant. REVELIERIA Perris. This genus has hitherto contained only a single rare and curious insect — R. genet Aube —which occurs in Spain, Corsica, Sardinia and Northern Africa. The discovery in California of a second species which is certainly congeneric is therefore of much interest. A lengthy generic diagnosis is unnecessary, as there are but two char- acters of fundamental importance, viz. : the connate elytra, with coarse punctures arranged in more or less irregular series, apparently twelve in number on each. Another character, so rare as to merit especial mention, is the lateral extension of the labrum so as t,i embrance the sides of the epistoma. I have observed the same structure in Cartodere elegans and Adidemia watsoni, and it is TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 144 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA worthy of note that both these species depart from their nearer allies and agree with Revefoeria in the densely punctate lower surface. ( Hher details of structure may be found in the following description : R. csilifoi'iiica* sp. nov. — Oval, moderately convex, glabrous, moderately shining, color varying from ferruginous to piceous brown, legs rufous. Head subquadrate, densely punctate, with costse or impressions; labrum subtruncate in front, embracing the epistoma at sides; epistoma strongly transverse, sepa- rated from the front by a distinctly impressed, feebly arcuate line. Antennae not quite reaching the hind angles of the pronotum, 11-jointed, club 3-jointed ; joints 3-8 elongate, subequal in width, the third about twice as long as wide, the following joints gradually very slightly less elongate; club rather abrupt, the first two joints about as wide as long, the last almost as long as the two preceding together; eyes rather small, not very prominent, situated at a little less than their length from the antennae; tempora about one-half the lengtb of the eyes. Prothorax but little wider than the head, nearly square, the sides parallel and nearly straight; surface densely, rather coarsely punctate, disk without costa* or fovea?, but with a rather shallow transverse basal impression, which is a little deeper at the middle. Scutellum small but distinct. Elytra ovate, convex, but not at all gibbous : about one-half wider than the prothorax: margin distinctly but not broadly explanate, base slightly wider than the contiguous base of the prothorax, basal angles a little obtuse ; sides nearly straight and divergent for about one-fourth their length, thence subparallel for a little and gradually more Strongly arcuate to apex. Each elytron bears about twelve lines of somewhat coarse punctures, which are more or less confused toward the base, but become fairly regular and a little finer apically. Under surface coarsely, densely punc- tate anteriorly, the abdomen gradually more finely and less closely toward the apex. Metasternum at sides subequal in length to the first ventral segment, but much shorter than the latter along the median line; episternal sutures nearly obliterated. First ventral at sides subequal to the three following segments united, the intercoxal process broad, truncate; ventral sutures normally deep. Front coxas separated by about two-thirds their own width, middle coxa- by nearly their own width. Legs moderately stout; the tibia' a little arcuate toward the base; first joint of tarsi slightly longer than the second, the third equal to the first two combined. (PI. IV, fig. 38). Length 1.25 1.5 mm. Huh. — California (Los Gatos — Hubbard and Schwarz; Ojai Valley). Specimens from the latter locality were taken by me in March, and if I remember correctly, occurred together with Metophthalmus rudis in a dry woody fungus. Californicus differs greatly from genei in its perfectly glabrous surface, non-gibbous less broadly oval and much less coarsely punc- tate elytra and larger scutellum. Tribe IV. Corticariini. Briefly diagnosed, this tribe, as represented in our fauna, is char- acterized by the epistoma being on the same plane with the front II. ('. FALL. 14.") and much smaller than the labrura ; antennae 11-jointed (10-jointed in Fuchsina), club usually 3-jointed, rarely 2-jointed. Prothorax more or less crenulate or denticulate at sides and with nearly always a rounded or transverse impression before the base. Body devoid of cost;e, the hairs arranged serially on the elytra and either suberect and bristling or much inclined. Front coxal cavities separated by a prosternal lamina, which is often difficult to observe, the coxae being frequently contiguous or subcontiguous on their free inner faces, the cavities closed behind. Abdomen consisting of five or six visible segments. Two only of the five genera recognized by Belon inhabit North America, viz. : Corticaria and Melanophthalma. To these I have to add a new genus — Fuchsina — based on a singular blind species from California. As now treated in the books, Corticaria and Melanophthalma are primarily separated by the number of abdominal segments ; Corti- caria having six in the male and five in the female, while Melanoph- thalma shows six in both sexes. This method of distinction serves very well except for those species of Melanophthalma having a 2-jointed antennal club (subgenus Cortilena), in which, so far as my observation goes, the sixth segment is visible in the female, but quite uniformly concealed in the male. Our three genera may then be separated as follows : Antennas 11-jointed. eyes large. Abdomen of female with five segments, a sixth usually visible in the males; antennal club always 3-jointed Corticaria. Abdomen of female with six segments, that of the male also with six segments, except in the subgenus Cortilena, in which the antennal club is 2-jointed Melanophthalma. Antennae 10-jointed, eyes wanting Fuchsina. It should be observed that the so-called sixth ventral segment in the males of Corticaria is probably, as suspected by Belon, not a true segment of the abdomen, but only a part of the genital arma- ture; and while usually sufficiently extended to be plainly visible, it is not infrequently very indistinct or quite concealed. On the other hand, this pseudo segment is occasionally revealed in the female, and apparently with some constancy in one species (brevi- cornis). In Melanophthalma the sixth segment is, perhaps, a true external sclerite, at all events it is almost invariably present (except as above noted), and its visibility is seemingly independent of the TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (19) NOVEMBEK, 1S99. 1 4t i am i : k rcAN c< 1 1 . i •:» > i • t e r a . extrusioD of the genitalia. In addition to these differences in ven- tral formation, the two genera differ in certain other details of Structure, of which the following are most noteworthy. In Melanophthalma. the body is, as a rule, more oval, the elytra often visibly, though usually very slightly, truncate at tip, exposing more or less the tip of the abdomen ; the lateral transverse proster- nal i'ossa is glabrous, and the secondary sexual characters are of a different sort. Further details will be alluded to in the remarks which follow under the generic titles. CORTKAKIA Marsh. This genus, as now limited, is quite homogeneous in general structure and facies, while involving a moderate amount of variation in details of form and sculpture. The form is more or less elongate, varying from oblong-ovate to subparallel, and from moderately cox - vex to quite strongly depressed. Pubescence more or less long and conspicuous, serially arranged on the elytra. In some species the hairs of the interspaces are distinctly longer and less inclined than those of the striae, but in the majority there is not much difference in this respect, all the hairs being more recumbent. The head is transverse, more or less distinctly though never densely punctati : eyes, a- a rule, large and prominent, rather small in inopia and tem-r poralis; tempora always visible, but very variable in length, never (except in temporalis) evidently longer than one-third the diameter of the eve, as viewed from above. Antennas usually not (juite reach- ing the hind angles of the prothprax, 11-jointed, club 3-jointed ; first joint strongly dilated, subglobular, or a little elongate; second shorter and much narrower, always longer than wide; third sub- equal in length to the second but more slender; fourth to eighth decreasing in length, the seventh nearly always visibly longer than wide, the eighth usually subglobular or slightly tranverse; tenth and eleventh feebly obconic, occasionally distinctly elongate, but usually as wide as, or a little wider than long; eleventh always longer than wide, ovate, more or less obliquely pointed. Prothorax usually subcordate, more or less transverse, front angles obtuse, rounded; hind angles more or le>s obtuse, usually defined by a some- what prominent denticle; surface without carina', and almost invari- ably with a more or less distinct rounded or transverse fovea before the base; sides crenulato-denticulate, more strongly so posteriorly. Elytra elongate ovate or subparallel, each with eight series of punc- II. ('. FALL. 147 tures, which are moderately large toward the base, but become finer apically ; interspaces with a single series of punctures (except fer- ruginea), which are, in a few species, nearly as coarse as those of the stria?, but are usually distinctly finer. Presternum usually dis- tinctly longer before the coxa? than the coxal length; more or less roughly punctate, and with a transverse pubescent fossa exterior to the anterior limits of the coxae. Coxal cavities narrowly separated, the coxa? prominent and contiguous or subcontiguous on their free faces. Metasternum of variable length, usually longer between the coxae than the post-coxal length of the first ventral,* but occasion ally subequal to, or even shorter than the first ventral ; punctuation distinct at sides, generally finer and sparser toward the middle, espe- cially posteriorly; median line distinctly impressed in posterior half. Middle coxa?' variably separated. There seems to be a little indi- vidual variation in this particular, but after due allowance lias been made, it is still a character of considerable utility. Abdomen con- sisting of five segments, a sixth frequently visible in the male and very rarely in the female. The first segment is subequal in length to the next three together, these latter much shorter, slightly de- creasing in length, the fifth usually about one-half longer than the fourth, and frequently marked with a median or apical fovea or impression, which varies in the sexes. The femora vary from robust to slender; the second joint of the tarsi is shorter than the first, the third subequal to the first two united. The sexes are always easily separable. Aside from the sculpture of the last ventral just alluded to, the males have the first joint of the front tarsi distinctly dilated, and the first joint of the middle tarsi very slightly so ; the front and middle tibia?, and rarely the hind tibiae, are a little curved or bent at tip, or at least more or less sinuate internally before the apex, and with a small mucro or acute denticle at the inner apical angle; the fifth ventral is occasionally shorter, and more broadly rounded or subtruncate than in the female. There is little doubt that all the forms mentioned below are valid species, but their tabulation has proved a matter of some difficulty, and its use will not be always satisfactory, unless supplemented by a careful study of the descriptions; even then, a comparison with types will, perhaps, be necessary in difficult cases. * This method of comparison of the lengths of the metasternum and first ven- tral segment must be kept in mind in reading the following descriptions. TRANS. AM. ENT. -SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1S99. 148 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. Pubescence more conspicuous, the hairs of the elytra] intervals generally longer, more erect and bristling tlian those of the stria?; middle coxae nar- rowly separated — seldom by more than J or i their own diameters — size moderate to large, at least moderately convex 1. Pubescence shorter, more appressed, nearly uniform throughout; middle coxae (with few exceptions | more widely separated, usually by nearly £ their own diameters, size very variable, form often depressed 2. 1. Punctures of striae and intervals not very different in size, somewhat confused. Front and middle tibia? of % not bent at tip, length of metasternum between the coxa? greater than the post-coxal length of the first ventral seg- ment pufoescens. Front tibia?, of % a little bent at tip, metasternum scarcely longer than the first ventral segment rudis. Punctures of elytral intervals distinctly finer than those of the stria?, not noticeably confused ; front and middle tibiae of % bent and mucronate internally at tip. Metasternum subequal in length to the first ventral segment. First joint of antennal club not distinctly longer than wide: prothorax cordate; color pale brownish yellow I'nlva. First joint of antennal club distinctly elongate; prothorax feebly cordate ; color piceous brown, the elytra often paler variCMilor. Metasternum distinctly longer than the first ventral segment ; form narrow, elongate, prothorax nearly as wide as the elytra parallela. 2. Metasternum subequal to or shorter than the first ventral. Size large (2.3-2.6 mm.;, pronotal fovea obsolete, joints of antennal club all longer than wide, body winged \ ali«l:i. Size small (1.6 mm.), pronotal fovea distinct, first two joints of antennal club transverse, body apparently apterous inopia. Metasternum distinctly longer than the first ventral 3. 3. Pubescence fuscous or brownish, less inclined than in the following species; middle coxa? separated by nearly their own width : form slender, strongly depressed ; color piceous brown or nearly black- |»l;i u II la. Pubescence cinereous or fulvous (somewhat darker in 8alpingoid.es), middle coxa? separated by at most but little more than i their own diameters- • • -4. 4. Prosternum before the coxse nearly twice as long as the longitudinal diameter of the coxa; last ventral of 9 long, broadly, feebly impressed at tip. salpiiigoirie*. Prosternum shorter before the coxa?, seldom distinctly more than one and one- half times the coxal length; color rufotestaceous to brown, rarely piceous (dentigera and some serricollis) 5. 5. Claws of bind tarsi larger (at least in the % ) and unequal, the inner one longer and sinuate at tip 8. Claws normal and subequal on all the feet 6. 6. Last ventral plane, or with at most only an ill-defined apical impression, at least in the 9 and probably in both sexes [the 9 of amplicollis has not been seen ; it may prove to be an exception] 9. Last ventral more or less distinctly foveate or impressed in both sexes [in Columbia and Carolina, males only have been seen] 7. 7. Color piceous brown. Last ventral of % with a moderate apical impression which is not more rugose Columbia. H. C. FALL. 14!) Last ventral (%) with a rather shallow transverse apical impression which is roughened ; ( 9 ) with a deep transverse apical polished fovea. serricollis. Color rufotestaceous. Last ventral ( % ) with a deep subtransverse fovea reaching from the apex nearly to the hase of the segment ; ( 9 ) with a still larger, more pro- found fovea poculiiera. Last ventral ( £, ) with a well-defined transverse apical impression ; ( 9 ) with a feehle median impression ; prothorax distinctly narrower than the elytra at the humeri, tempora long prionodera. Last ventral ( % ) with a small hut well-defined transverse fovea, which occu- pies fully two-thirds the length of the segment ; prothorax suhequal in width to that of the elvtra at the humeri ; tempora short. Carolina. 8. Prothorax densely cribrate-punctate, last ventral of % rather feebly impressed at the middle of the apical margin cribricollis. 9. Prothorax large, strongly rounded at sides, widest at middle and scarcely at all narrower than the elytra at hase ailiplicollis. Prothorax widest at a greater or less distance before the middle, never as wide as the elytra at base, 10. 10. Size smaller, always less than 2 mm 11. Size larger (2-2.5 mm.), except some dentigera or very small specimens of serrata, sculpture of both upper and under surface coarser and closer (except occidua ). Tempora very short, scarcely as long as the eighth antenna! joint. serrata. Tempora decidedly longer, usually evidently longer than the eighth an- tennal joint. Prothorax three- fourths as wide as the elytra. Punctuation coarser and denser throughout. Size larger, elytra uniformly brown or piceous brown. . . .incerta. Size smaller, rufocastaneous, elytra black in apical half. . apical is. Punctuation comparatively fine and sparse occidua. Prothorax but little more than half the greatest width of the elytra, color piceous black dentisera, 11. Femora very slender, head but little narrower than the prothorax. sides of the latter strongly denticulate tenuipes. Femora as usual, head much narrower than the prothorax, the sides of the latter more finely serrulate- • • - 12. 12. Eyes very small, distant on the front by fully four times their longest diame- ter as seen from the front ; tempora nearly as long as the eye. temporalis. Eyes normally large, distant on the front by but little more than twice their own diameter : tempora much shorter 13. 13. Fifth ventral segment not longer than the fourth, the sixth usually distinctly visible, especially in the %, ; last three joints of antennal funicle trans- verse brevicornis. Fifth ventral at least one-half longer than the fourth, the sixth not visible, or only accidentally so; outer joints of funicle not evidently trans- verse, or with at most the eighth joint slightly transverse. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 150 AMERICAN COLEOPTEKA More parallel and depressed, pubescence longer and less appressed, elytral interspaces with a single regular scries of punctures, color varying from yellowish to reddish testaceous eloiigutu. Less parallel and less depressed, pubescence shorter and more appressed, elytral interspaces more or less irregularly punctulate, color ferruginous brown fvrrugiiiea. C pubescens Gyll. — Fuscous to fusco-testaceous, the paler specimens with the disk of the elytra often broadly infuscate; legs and antennae rufotestaceous; pubescence long and conspicuous, not recumbent. Head narrower than the pro- thorax, moderately coarsely but not closely punctate, tempora long, a little diver- gent, about one-third the length of the eye. Antennae reaching the hind angles of the prothorax. joints all longer than wide. Prothorax but little more than half as wide as the elytra, moderately transverse. Miles rather strongly rounded, widest in front of 1 lie middle, narrowed posteriorly, margin irregularly serrulate ; surface strongly punctate, the punctures distant on the average less than their own diameters, posteriorly foveate. Elytra elongate-oval, convex, coarsely punc- tate-striate ; the punctures of the intervals somewhat variable, but usually nearly as strong as those of the striae, and frequently somewhat confused. .Sterna moderately coarsely punctate : first ventral less coarsely and closely but distinctly punctate; following segments finely, sparsely punctulate. Legs slender ; middle, coxa? distant by about one-fourth the coxal width : metasternum distinctly Longer between the coxa1 than the post-coxa] length id' the first ventral segment. Mule. ---Front and middle tibiae scarcely at all bent at tip, the inner margins nearly straight, the inner apical angle very feebly mucronate ; first joint of front tarsi dilated, first joint of middle tarsi not dilated; last (fifth) ventral subequal in length to the two preceding, apex subacuminate, disk transversely impressed toward the base. Female. — Tibite with the inner apical angle rounded, tarsi unmodified ; last ventral shorter and with a deep median fovea; penultimate segment more broadly and feebly impressed. (Fl. IV, fig. 39). Length 2.3-3 mm. Hab. — Massachusetts (borders of stilt marsh near Cambridge); New York ; Pennsylvania; Michigan (Marquette); Northern Illi- nois:; Iowa. This is our largest species and one very easy of recognition by its size and conspicuously long and plentiful pubescence, not to mention the sexual characters, which are quite unique. It is widely dis- tributed throughout Europe, and has, indeed, become quite cosmo- politan. C riltliM sp. nov. — Yellowish testaceous, elytra strongly shining; prothorax alutaceous, less shining; pubescence moderately long, suberect, the hairs from the strial punctures shorter and more inclined. Head narrower than the pro- thorax, coarsely punctate; tempora well developed, slightly divergent ; joints of antennae all longer than wide. Prothorax of the same form as in pubescens, very coarsely but not densely punctate, posteriorly foveate, sides irregularly serrulate. Elytra elongate-oval, convex, the strial punctures not coarse, those of the inter- vals but little finer. Sterna very coarsely, rather closely subrugosely punctate, first ventral sparsely but distinctly punctate, following segments more finely H. C FALL. 151 punctate. Legs rather slender, front coxse distant from the front margin of the presternum by a little more than their own length, middle coxse separated by fully one-fourth the coxal width ; metasternum very little longer than the first ventral. Male. — Front and middle tibiae rather feebly, but obviously bent and nuicro- nate internally at tip ; first joint of front tarsi dilated; last ventral not longer than the preceding, the tip elevated and subacuminate. Female — Not seen. Length 2.5 mm. Hab.—New Mexico (Coolidge). One example sent by Mr. Wick ham. This species is nearest pubescens, but is at once separable by the shorter metasternum, very coarsely punctate prothorax, finer elytral punctuation, pale color (perhaps not constant) and sexual characters. The male tibia? are here fashioned as in all other members of the genus except pubescens, but are less strongly sinuate and mucronate internally at tip than usual. The structure of the tip of the fifth ventral is nearly as in pubescens, and is not seen elsewhere. C fiilva Com. — Fulvous or yellow-brown, rather slender, moderately eon- vex, pubescence fulvous, long, plentiful, the hairs of the intervals longer and more erect. Head about as wide as the base of the prothorax, very finely sparsely punctuUte; tempora moderate, parallel; eyes rather small, not much moit' prominent than the tempora. Antenna? with the first joint of club as broad as long, second a little transverse, all the other joints longer than wide, the eighth but slightly so. Prothorax cordate, sides rather distantly serrulate, some- times subangulate near the middle; punctuation distinct and moderately close but not coarse, posteriorly foveate. Elytra rather finely seriately punctate, the intervals nearly as strongly punctate. Beneath subobsoletely punctate ; meta- sternum subequal in length between the coxse to the post-coxal part of the first ventral, but distinctly shorter than the first ventral along the median line. Mid- dle coxa? separated by nearly one-third the coxal width; last ventral in both sexes not quite so long as the two preceding united. Legs slender. Mule. — Front and middle tibia? sinuate and mucronate internally at tip; last ventral evenly rounded at tip, the apical margin slightly reflexed ; surface scarcely at all impressed. (PI. IV, fig. 40). Female.— Tibise simple, last ventral nearly as in the male, the apical margin less visibly reflexed. Length 1.7-2 mm. Hub. — A cosmopolitan species of which I have seen specimens from Massachusetts, Virginia, Kentucky, Michigan and Lower Cali- fornia (San Jose del Cabo). The small size, pale color, feebly punctate inferior surface and wider ninth and tenth antenna] joints will readily separate from all other similarly pubescent species. C. varicolor ap. nov. — Color varying from yellowish brown to piceous, often uniform throughout, but more commonly piceous brown, with the elytra TRANS. AM. EXT. SOC. XXVI. NOVEMBER, 1899. 152 AMERICAN COLEOPTKKA (except the suture), antennae and legs paler. Form moderately stout and eon- vex ; pubescence cinereous, rather long and conspicuous, the hairs of the elytral intervals shorter and more inclined. Head about tour- fifths as wide as the pro- thorax, strongly but sparsely punctate; tempora parallel, their length fully one- fourth that of the eye as seen from above. Antennae reaching the hind margin of the prothorax, the joints all longer than wide. Prothorax convex, a little wider than long, widest before the middle; sides rather strongly rounded, nar- rowed behind, margin finely serrate; surface moderately strongly punctate, the punctures separated by fully their own diameters; posterior fovea small and not deeply impressed. Elytra elongate-oval, convex, strife distinctly impressed ; intervals slightly convex, their punctures decidedly finer than those of the stria'. Beneath coarsely, rather closely punctate, more finely and sparsely along the median line; the first ventral more finely and sparsely than the metasternum, the following segments finely punctate. Metasternum subequal to the first ven- tral ; middle coxae narrowly separated about one-sixth their own diameter. Legs short. Male. — Front and middle tibia? sinuate and strongly mucronate within at tip ; first joint of front tarsi quite strongly, that of middle tarsi distinctly though feebly dilated ; last ventral but little longer than the fourth, the apex broadly rounded, surface not impressed. Female. — Tibia? simple; tarsi not dilated ; last ventral hut little shorter than the two preceding united, more narrowly rounded at apex, not impressed. Length 2.1-2.3 mm. Hub. — Michigan (Detroit, Saulte Ste Marie); Dakota (Bismarck); Colorado (Garland); Montana (Bear Paw Mt.). The variations in color in this species are greater than in any other known to me, but I have not been able in the material at my command to discover any structural characters upon which to base a separation. The pubescence is somewhat less conspicuous, and the femora much stouter than in any of the preceding species. :t ra llcla sp. nov. — Rufotestaceous. elongate, parallel, convex; pubes- cence sparse, cinereous, the hairs from the strial punctures subrecumbent, those from the intervals more distant, suberect. Head nearly as wide as the prothorax, sparsely punctate; eyes large, prominent; tempora moderate, parallel; antennal joints all longer than wide. Prothorax broader than long, nearly as wide as the elytra: sides strongly, nearly evenly rounded, margin serrulate; surface moder- ately punctate, the posterior fovea small and faintly impressed. Elytra elongate, subparallel ; stria? scarcely impressed, punctures moderately large and approxi- mate, except toward the apex ; punctures of intervals finer and much more dis- tant. Beneath coarsely but not closely punctate, abdomen sparsely, finely punc- tate, except the first ventral, on which the punctures are coarser though sparse. Metasternum longer than the first ventral; middle coxa? very narrowly sepa- rated; fifth ventral a little longer than the fourth in both sexes, not impressed. (PI. IV. fig. 41). Mule. — Front and middle tibia? very feebly sinuate and with a small macro within at tip. Female. — Tibia? unmodified. Leugth 2 mm. H. C. FALL. 153 Hub. — Colorado (Garland) ; Alberta (Banff Springs). Two ex- amples of this interesting species have been sent by. Mr. Schwarz. It should be easily recognized. C valida sp. nov. — Brownish testaceous, prothorax sometimes darker; sur- face shining, the prothorax finely alutaceous; form moderately elongate and con- vex: pubescence fine, short, sparse and decumbent throughout. Head four-fifths as wide as the prothorax, strongly, rather closely punctate; eyes prominent. tempora parallel and about one-third as long as the eye. Antennae about reaching the hind margin of the prothorax, all joints longer than wide. Prothorax wider than long, widest before the middle, sides rather strongly rounded in front, and arcuately convergent behind ; hind angles obtuse, serrulation of margin feeble; surface with moderate punctures, which are distant on the average by their own diameters; basal impression nearly wanting. Elytra oblong, elongate, a little broader posteriorly, sides feebly rounded, apex very obtusely rounded ; stria' not impressed, their punctures rather fine, those of the intervals still finer. Proster- num with very few widely scattered punctures; metasternum sparsely but rather coarsely punctate at sides, nearly smooth at middle; abdomen very finely and sparsely punctulate throughout, the first ventral not much more distinctly so than the following segments. Middle coxae separated by scarcely one-sixth their own width. Metasternum subequal in length to the first ventral at sides, dis- tinctly shorter than the first ventral along the median line. Femora moderately stout. (PI. IV, fig. 42). JfaZe.— Front and middle tibiae sinuate and mucronate within at tip ; last ven- tral short, very broadly sinuately truncate at apex ; a sixth segment visible in all the specimens examined. Female.— Tibiae simple; last ventral longer, with a small punctiform fovea at the middle of the apical margin ; sixth ventral not exposed. Length 2.3-2.6 mm. Hab.—N. Illinois; Montana (Bear Paw Mt.— Hubbard and Schwarz); Colorado (Garland— Hubbard and Schwarz) ; British Columbia — Horn collection. This is— next to jmbescens — our largest species. Its size, very sparse and fine pubescence, non-foveate pronotum, short metaster- num and elongate joints of antennal club, form a group of charac- ters which make its recognition perfectly simple. €. iuopia sp. nov- Eufotestaceous, convex, pubescence short and much inclined, nearly uniform throughout. Head sparsely, finely punctate; eyes small and less prominent than usual, the tempora a little less prominent than the eyes and moderate in length. Antennae nearly reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, joints seven and eight fully as wide as long, the first two joints of the club distinctly transverse. Prothorax one-fourth wider than long and widest before the middle, base a little narrower than the apex, sides moderately rounded, margin serrulate; surface more strongly punctate than the head, but not closely so; posterior fovea distinct, but small and shallow. Elytra one-half wider than the prothorax, elongate ovate, widest at the middle, humeri broadly rounded; striae vaguely impressed, punctures moderate, those of the intervals TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (20 J DECEMBER, 1899. 1-34 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA finer: all finer apically as usual. Beneath sparsely, finely punctate; middle <-oxa- distant fully one-third the eoxal width; metasternum distinctly shorter than the first ventral segment. Last ventral unimpressed in both sexes, a little longer in the female, in which it is but little shorter than the two preceding seg- ments united. (PI. IV, fig. 43). Male. — Front and middle tibiae a little sinuate, and mucronate within at tip. Female. — Tibiae simple. Length 1.6 mm. Huh. — Two examples only have been seen, a male collected by Hubbard at Lake Tahoe, Cal., and a female in the Horn collection from Western Nevada — very probably also from the immediate vicinity of the same lake. The metasternum is shorter than in any other known species in our fauna, and this, with the subobsolete humeri and the (appar- ently) connate elytra, indicate that it is nearly, if not completely, apterous. C. plsiiiiilsi sp. nov. — Elongate, depressed, shining, piceous or rufopiceous, legs and antennae a little paler; pubescence dark, short, moderately inclined, though less so than in the following species. Head sparsely punctate; eyes large, prominent; tempora very short hut evident; antennae scarcely reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, joints 7-10 usually nearly or quite as wide as long, the proportions varying slightly in different individuals. Prothorax cordate, slightly wider than the head, three-fourths as long as wide, sides rather strongly rounded in front, convergent behind ; margins finely serrulate; surface more strongly and closely punctate than the head, the punctures varying from somewhat less to rather more than their own diameters apart; hasal fovea large and deep. Elytra elongate-ohlong, one-fourth wider than the prothorax, sides parallel and feebly rounded ; humeri prominent and narrowly rounded, apex obtusely rounded ; strire feebly impressed, rather finely punctate, intervals more finely uniseriately punctate. Prosternum quite strongly punctate; metasternum finely punctate at sides, more sparsely so at middle; ventral segments all very finely, sparsely punctulate. Prosternum fully twice as long before the coxa? as the coxal length ; middle coxae separated by nearly their own diameters. Metasternum longer than the first ventral along the median line, and consequently much longer at sides than the post-coxal portion of the segment. Legs slender. (PI. V, fig. 44). Male. — All the tibiae rather feebly sinuate and mucronate internally at tip; fifth ventral short, impresso-emarginate at apex. Female.— Tibise simple; fifth ventral longer, not impressed, the apex broadly suhangulate. Length 2-2.2 mm. Hab. — California (Pasadena, Pomona, Ojai Valley); Colorado (Lead vide, 10000-11000 ft,— Wickham) ; Montana (Assinniboine and Bear Paw Mt. — Hubbard). This species is certainly one of the most singular and easily recognized in our fauna. It is more strongly depressed than any other, and the dark suberect pubescence, the very long prosternum H. 0. FALL. 155 before the coxse, the widely separated middle coxse, the modified hind tibia? in the male, and the angulate fifth ventral in the female are all characters either peculiar to this species or but faintly indi- cated elsewhere. C. salpiiigoides Mots.— Elongate, parallel, subdepressed, shining, pieeous brown, humeri faintly rufous, legs and antenna? brown ; pubescence obscure in color, short and much inclined. Head sparsely, finely punctate; eyes moderate, tempo ra short but distinct. Antenna? nearly reaching the hind margin of the prothorax, joints 8-10 fully as wide as long. Prothorax subcordate, distinctly wider than long, sides moderately rounded in front, convergent posteriorly, faintly sinuate before the hind angles, which are distinct and a little obtuse; margin finely serrulate; surface moderately punctate, basal fovea moderately deep and somewhat produced laterally. Elytra elongate, subparallel, sides broadly rounded ; stripe feebly impressed, punctures 7iioderate, those of the inter- vals finer. Beneath sparsely punctate, the punctures of the presternum largest, those of the metasternum finer; ventral segments very finely and sparsely punc- tulate throughout. Presternum a little less than twice as long before the coxa; as the coxal length : middle coxa? distant slightly more than one-half the coxal width. Metasternum longer than the first ventral at sides, hut not evidently so along the median line. Legs moderately slender. Male. — Not seen. Female. — Tibia? simple; fifth ventral but little shorter than the two preceding united, and with a somewhat ill-defined apical impression. Length 2.4 mm. Sab. — British Columbia (Stikeen River— AVickham). It is by no means certain that this is the true salpitig aides, but the description applies very well in a general way, except as to size — Motschulsky's measurements indicating a species a little under 2 mm. in length— and I have chosen to use this name rather than coin a new one. Salpingoides was described from California. The species above characterized is nearest planula, with which indeed it agrees well in color, sculpture and general form. It is, however, distinctly less depressed, the prothorax is less strongly cor- date and is a little more transverse, the presternum is shorter before the coxae, the middle coxse are less widely separated, the metaster- num is relatively shorter, and the fifth ventral of the female is longer and differently formed. < . col ii Biil»ia sp. nov. — Oblong-ovate, moderately shining, pieeous brown, humeral umbones a little paler, legs and antennae rufous; pubescence recumbent, short, pale and inconspicuous. Head sparsely, finely punctate; eyes moderate; tempora short but distinct; antenna? not quite reaching the hind margin of flic prothorax, the eighth joint as wide as long, the ninth and tenth a little trans verse. Prothorax subcordate, widest hut little before the middle, sides rather strongly rounded anteriorly, nearly straight and moderately convergent poste- TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. . DECEMBER, 1899. 156 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA riorly, the hind angles obtuse: side margins rather coarsely serrate, especially posteriorly; surface moderately strongly punctate, the punctures mutually dis- tant by about their own diameters; basal fovea moderately strong, not produced laterally. Elytra about two-fifths wider than the prothorax, oblong-ovate, the striae scarcely impressed, the punctures of the intervals evidently finer than those of the striae toward the base, but very little so apically. Prosternum coarsely, quite closely punctate; the metasternuni nearly as coarsely but less closely punctate at sides, sparsely, more finely punctate at middle. First ventral segment finely, sparsely punctate, following segments indistinctly very sparsely punctulate. .Middle coxae distant by about one third their width; metasternuni suhequal to first ventral at sides. Legs moderate. '.PI. V, fig. 45). Male. — Front and middle tibiae rather strongly bent and mueronate within at tip; fifth ventral a little longer than the fourth and distinctly transversely im- pressed at apex. Female. — Not known Length 2.1 mm. H(tb. — British Columbia (Glacier). A single male in the Hub- bard and Schwarz collection. C serricollis Lee. — Elongate, subparallel, rufocastanepus to piceous brown, pubescence recumbent. Head a little narrower than the prothorax. sparsely, finely punctate; eyes moderately prominent, tempora distinct; antennae scarcely longer than the thorax itself, the first two joints of club slightly transverse. Pro- thorax a little wider than long, widest a little before the middle, sides irregularly but not strongly serrulate, hind angles not very distinct; surface not closely punctate, the punctures distant by about their own diameters; a basal not very deep fovea, which is laterally prolonged. Elytra but little wider than the pro- thorax; striae scarcely impressed, the punctures moderate at base, growing feeble toward the tip ; interspaces finely serially punctulate. Prosternum a little, longer before the coxae than the coxal length, sparsely, coarsely punctate in front, nearly smooth at sides. Middle coxse separated by about two-fifths their own width. Metasternuni a little longer than the first ventral at sides, of about the same length on the median line, its surface sparsely, finely punctate at the mid- dle, more coarsely but still sparsely at sides. Abdomen very finely, sparsely punctulate. the punctures of the first segment only very slightly stronger than on the following segments. (PI. V, fig. 46). Male. Front and middle tibiae distinctly, hind tibia/ slightly, bent at tip. with the. inner apical angle mueronate; fifth ventral broadly, feebly impressed toward the apex, the impressed surface a little roughened. Female. — Tibia- unmodified; fifth ventral with a rather large and deep trans- verse fovea occupying the apical two-thirds of the segmental length ; the surface of the fovea not roughened. Length 2.1 2.3 mm. Hub. — Lake Superior; Canada; New Hampshire. Judging from the number of specimens seen — six only — this is far from being a common species, and is evidently confined to the northern portions of our territory. Of the six examples seen one only is a male, and while coining from the type locality (Lake H. O. FALL. 157 Superior), and agreeing in general structure and facies, there are two or three differences, not elsewhere recognized as sexual, which indicate the possibility of its not being the true male of serricollis. In this male all the femora are stouter than in any of the five females, the middle coxa? are more narrowly separated and the pro- notal fovea is less distinct and not evidently produced laterally. The two type specimens in the LeConte collection differ from each other somewhat, notably in the length of the presternum before the coxa*, and in its sculpture ; and in one of them the fifth ventral is compresso-carinate at tip— probably a malformation. More specimens are necessary before we can decide whether these variations are individual or specific. C poculifera sp. nov. — Elongate, moderately convex, rufotestaceous ; pubescence of moderate length, recumbent. Head finely, sparsely punctate; eyes rather small ; lempora longer than in allied species, being about one-fourth the length of the eye. Antennae, moderate, first two joints of club about as long as wide. Prothorax one-third wider than long, subcordate. side margins denticu- late, more strongly so toward the. base; surface rather sparsely punctate, the punctures separated on the average by about twice their diameters; antebasal fovea moderately impressed and vaguely produced toward the sides. Elytra three times as long as the prothorax and nearly one-third wider; sides sub- parallel and broadly arcuate; striae distinctly though lightly impressed; intervals feebly convex, with the usual series of finer punctures, which, like those of the striae, become feebler and smaller apically. Sterna sparsely, rather coarsely punctate, the metasternuni more finely at the middle. Ahdomeu very sparsely finely punctulate, the first segment a little more distinctly so. Metasternuni dis- tinctly longer than the first ventral at sides. Middle coxae separated by about one-half the coxal width. Legs moderate. (PI. V, fig. 47). Male. — Front and middle tibiae slightly bent at tip and internally mucronate ; hind tibiae apparently very feebly mucronate; fifth ventral with a large moder- ately deep subtransverse fovea, which occupies the entire segmental length. Female. — Tibise unmodified ; fifth ventral a little longer than in the male, and with a still larger and very deep fovea. Length 2-2.2 mm. Hab. — Western Nevada. 13 examples. There will be no difficulty in recognizing this species among any now known to us, by the very large and deep fovea of the last ven- tral segment. V. prioiiodera Lee. — Elongate, feebly convex, rufotestaceous; pubescence cinereous, recumbent. Head more strongly and closely punctate than in the preceding allied species, the punctures being separated by rather less than their own diameters; tempo ra well developed, fully one-fourth as long as the eyes; antennae moderate, the ninth and tenth joints siibquadrate. Prothorax subcor- date, but little wider than the head and a little wider than long; side margin TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECEMBER, 1899. 158 AMERICAN COLEOrTERA. more strongly denticulate than usual; surface quite closely punctate, the punc- tures larger and subrugose at sides, finer along the median line, distant as a rule by less than their own diameters: antebasal fovea distinct but not deep. Elytra oblong, sides parallel and broadly arcuate, apex obtusely rounded ; stria' scarcely impressed, punctures moderate, finer apically as usual. Presternum rather coarsely, mesosternum equally coarsely but more closely, metasternum less coarsely and rather sparsely punctate : abdomen finely, very sparsely punctate, the first segment more distinctly so. Metasternum longer than the first ventral segment; middle coxae separated by fully one-half the coxa] width. Legs rather slender. Male. — Front and middle tibia* bent at tip and mucronate within, the hind tibia? very feebly but visibly bent, the mucro apparently present but indistinct; fifth ventral scarcely longer than the fourth, and with a distinct transverse apical impression occupying about three-fourths the length of the segment. Female. — Tibiae simple: fifth ventral longer and with a moderately large but somewhat vague discal impression. Length 2 mm. Mab. — California — San Jose (type in LeConte collection), Santa Cruz Mts. and Los Gatos. I have seen but three examples aside from the LeConte type, all — as will he seen from the above localities — coming from a limited area in the middle coast region of California. This species has been set down in late lists as a synonyn of serrata; this course, however, is entirely in error, as the two species are perfectly distinct. They may at once be separated by the relatively long tempora in priono- dera, these being fully one-fourth the length of the eye, while in serrata they are excessively short. Prionodera, moreover, is less robust, the head is nearly as wide as the prothorax, the prothorax is less transverse, less closely punctate, and more strongly denticulate at sides. In st rrata the fifth ventral of the female is scarcely at all impressed, the hind tibiae are not in the least modified at tip in the male, and the front and middle tibiae in the same sex are much less evidently bent at tip than in prionodera. V. «*a,roIiii«t sp. nov. — Oblong-ovate, robust, moderately convex, rufotesta- ceous ; pubescence fulvo-cinereous, recumbent. Head numerously punctate; eyes moderately prominent: tempora much shorter than in prionodera, but not quite so short as in serrata, Antenna' moderate, eighth joint subglobular, ninth and tenth suhquadrate. Prothorax large, transverse, nearly as wide as the elytra at the humeri, widest a little before the middle, sides strongly rounded, base a little narrower than the apex; margin rather strongly denticulate; surface quite closely uniformly punctate throughout, the punctures separated by less than their own diameters; basal fovea round and moderately deep, but not large. Elytra oblong, sides nearly parallel but broadly rounded ; stria* very faintly im- pressed, punctures moderate, finer apically. Presternum coarsely, rather closely punctate; metasternum less coarsely, nearly uniformly punctate throughout, the H. (*. FALL. 159 punctures slightly finer at the middle. Abdomen finely, sparsely punctulate toward the apex, less finely at base. Middle coxae separated by nearly half the coxal width. Metasternum a little longer than the first ventral segment. Legs not stout. (PI. V, fig. 48). Male. — Front and middle tibiae very feebly sinuate and mucronate within at the apex, hind tibiae not visibly modified; fifth ventral segment a little longer than the fourth, with a distinct transverse apical impression occupying two-thirds the length of the segment. Female. — Not seen. Length 1.9 mm. Hub.— South Carolina. Very few specimens seen. It is probably nearest to serrata and amplicollis ; from the first of these it may he distinguished by its stouter form and longer tempora, and from the latter by the thorax obviously widest in front of the middle and less nearly equal in width to the elytra. C cribricollis sp. nov. — Elongate, parallel, convex, rufotestaceous; pubes- cence grayish, moderate in length, recumbent. Head coarsely, closely punctate, eyes prominent, tempora rather short. Antennae barely reaching the bind angles of the prothorax, joints 7 and 8 subglobular, 9 and 10 distinctly transverse. Pro- thorax distinctly wider than the head, but very slightly narrower than the elytra at the humeri; sides evenly rounded, widest very near the middle, base scarcely narrower than the apex, margin crenulato-denticulate ; surface coarsely suhcribrately punctate, basal fovea feebly impressed. Elytra parallel, sides feebly arcuate, apex obtusely rounded; striae scarcely impressed, punctures moderately coarse toward the base; intervals more finely uniseriately punctate. Sterna coarsely, rather closely punctate; first ventral sparsely but distinctly punctate, following segments finely, sparsely punctulate. Middle coxae separated by a trifle less than half the coxal width ; metasternum a little longer than the first ventral. Legs moderate. (PI. V, fig 49). Male. — Front and middle tibiae feebly sinuate and mucronate within at apex; fifth ventral transversely impressed at the apical margin. Female. — Unknown. Length 1.8-2 mm. Hub. — Texas (Beeville). Two males taken by Mr. Schwarz in November. The coarsely, closely punctate thorax is the most obvious distin- guishing characteristic of this species, but there is a still more pecu- liar one which is quite likely sexual. The claws of the hind tarsi are much longer than the other feet, and the inner one exceeds the outer one in length and is straighter and sinuate at tip. C amplicollis sp. nov. -Elongate, subparallel, convex, rufotestaceous- pubescence moderate, recumbent. Details of form and sculpture substantially as described in Carolina, except in the following respects: in amplicollis the eves are a little larger, and the tempora a trifle longer, the tenth antenna! joint is dis- TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECKMBER, 1899. 160 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. tinctly transverse ; the thorax is scarcely at all cordate, the sides being nearly evenly rounded and widest at the middle; the basal fovea is less impressed ; the elytra are also narrower; and the fifth ventral segment is less impressed at the apex. (PI. V. fig. 50). Male. — Frout and middle tibiae rather feebly sinuate and mucronate internally at apex ; fifth ventral with slight transverse apical impression. Female. — Unknown. ■Length 1.9 mm. Hab. — North Carolina. One male in the Horn collection. V. serrata Payk. — Oblong-oval, moderately convex, rufotestaceous to rufo- piceous, the elytra and corresponding lower surface often darker than the head and prothorax ; pubescence grayish, recumbent. Head distinctly but not closely punctate; eyes moderately prominent ; tempora very short. Antennae scarcely reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, joints 9 and 10 subquadrate. Pro- thorax plainly wider than the head, three-fourths as wide as the elytra, trans- verse, subcordiform, sides rounded before the middle, moderately convergent behind; margin crenulato-denticulate, more strongly so posteriorly as usual; surface closely, moderately coarsely punctate throughout, the punctures separated as :i rule by Less than their own diameters; sub basal fovea rounded, moderately impressed. Elytra with the sides arcuately subparallel, rather broadly obtusely rounded at apex ; striae feebly impressed, punctures quite coarse toward the base, those of the interstaces finer. Pro- and mososterna rugosely punctate ; metastcr- num moderately closely and strongly punctate throughout, the punctures coarser laterally. First ventral distinctly but more sparsely punctate, the following seg- ments finely and still more sparsely punctured. Middle coxae separated by rather less than half the coxal width. Metasternum a little longer than the first ven- tral segment. Legs moderate. (PI. V, fig. 51). Male. — Front and middle tibiae subsinuate and finely mucronate within at the apex ; fifth ventral but little longer than the fourth, and with a small transverse apical impression. Female. — Tibiae simple; fifth ventral relatively longer and scarcely impressed. Length 1.8 -2.2 mm. Hab. — A cosmopolitan species, of which I have seen specimens from Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Michigan, New Mexico and California. Belon mentions Nebraska — doubtless on the supposition that Say's octodentata is a synonym Say's description is very brief and would tit tolerably well almost any Corticaria, and while the synonymy established is probably not very well founded, it has so long been accepted that it would best remain so without strong reasons for making a change. In addition to one undoubtedly genuine example of serrata taken at Pasadena, I have in my collection specimens from So. California (Pomona and San Diego) which I have provisionally placed with serrata, though from certain small but apparently constant differ- ences I strongly suspect they will prove to be distinct. H. C. FALL,. 161 C. incerta sp. nov. — Oblong-elongate, rufotestaceons or brown; pubescence moderately long, grayish, recumbent. Head evenly, rather strongly, bu1 not closely punctate : eyes moderate, tempora nearly one-third as long as the eye. Antenna- moderate, joints !i and 10 slightly transverse. Prothorax feebly cor- date, widest but little before, the middle, the base but little narrower than the apex; side margin crennlato-denticulate; surface rather closely punctate, the punctures coarser, subrugose and close, at the sides, but finer and separated by their own diameters at the middle; basal fovea round, moderately impressed. Elytra subparallel, sides broadly rounded : stria- very faintly impressed, the punctures rather coarse toward the base; interspaces more finely punctate. Sterna moderately closely, strongly punctate; abdomen finely, sparsely punctate, more distinctly on the first segment. Metasternum longer than the first ventral ; middle coxae distant but little less than half the coxal width. Legs moderate. Male. — Front and middle tibiae feebly sinuate and mucronate internally at the apex; fifth ventral scarcely visibly impressed. Female. — Tibiae simple; fifth ventral not at all impressed. Length 2.1-2,3 mm. ILib. — New Hampshire (Mt. Vernon — Blanchard); Lake Supe- rior (Isle Royal — Hubbard and Schwarz). A female from the former and a male from the latter locality are before me. Resemble* serrieollis most closely, but the non-foveate fifth ventral of the female at once separates it; the punctuation is also rather coarser and closer, and the prothorax is less narrowed behind. From serrata, which also bears a general likeness, it is dis- tinguishable by its generally larger size, less close punctuation, much longer tempora and the scarcely evident impression of the fifth ventral in the male, which is here discal and in serrata apical. C apicalis sp. nov. — Oblong, subovate, convex, rufotestaceons, apical half of elytra piceous; pubescence pale, recumbent. Head rattier densely, strongly punctate; eyes moderately prominent; tempora nearly one-third as long as the eyes, diverging posteriorly. Antennae moderate, ninth joint about as long as wide, tenth a little transverse. Prothorax transverse, feebly cordate, widest slightly in advance of the middle, base a little narrower than the apex, side margins crenulato-denticulate ; surface closely, moderately coarsely punctate throughout, the punctures a little less close at the middle, but everywhere less distant than their own diameters; basal fovea round and moderately deep. Elytra elongate-ovate, punctures rather coarse, those of the interspaces a little finer. Beneath moderately closely and coarsely punctate anteriorly, the punc- tures of the metasternum finer and sparser at the middle: first ventral sparsely but distinctly punctate, following segments more finely but not more sparsely punctate; surface of abdomen shining and polished at base, duller and finely alu- taceous toward the apex. Metasternum longer than the first ventral segment; middle coxa? separated by one-half the coxal width. Legs moderate. Male. — Unknown. Female. Tibia' simple ; fifth ventral plane. Length 2 mm. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (21) DECEMBER, 1899. L62 AMi:i:i(AN COLEOPTERA. Hub. — Louisiana (Bayou Sara). One example — in the Hubbard and Schwarz collection. If the coloration is constant there will be no difficulty in recognizing this species among any at present known. Uniformly colored examples, it' such should OCCUr, might easily be confused with Carolina, /l- collis and especially with serrata. From all these the longer diver- gent tempora should distinguish it. The head is much more closely punctate than in Carolina, and the prothorax is less ample than in amplicollis. C. oc<*i«Iiiii sp. now — Elongate-oblong, feebly convex, brownish testaceous; pubescence flavo-cinereous, moderately long, recumbent. Head sparsely, finely punctate; tempora from one-fourth to one- fifth the length of the eyes. Antennae nearly reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, the ninth joint about as long as wide, the tenth slightly transverse. Prothorax cordate, widest a short distance before the middle, moderately rounded and convergent behind, the base, how- ever, not much narrower than the apex: margin rather strongly crenulato-den- tic.ulate ; surface sparsely, finely punctate, the punctures of about the same size throughout, and everywhere distant from one to two times their own diameters ; basal fovea round and moderately deep. Elytra elongate, sides parallel, feebly arcuate, striae not distinctly impressed, punctures finer than usual. Beneath sparsely, finely punctate throughout, the punctures larger anteriorly as usual, and those al the sides of the metasternum a little coarser than at the middle, where they are as sparse and fine as on the first ventral segment. Metasternum distinctly longer than the first ventral segment; middle coxa? distant from one- third to one-half the coxal width. Legs moderate. (PI. V, fig. 52). Mule. Front and middle ti bias distinctly sinuate and inncronate internally at apex; fifth ventral truncate and very vaguely sinuate at apex, surface slightly roughened and feebly transversely impressed in its apical half. Female.— A specimen so referred has the tihise simple as is usual in this sex. the fifth ventral longer and rounded at the apex, without impression. Length 2 2.1 mm. Hab.— California (San Benardino Mts); Western Nevada (Horn collection); Arizona (Chiricahua Mts); Colorado (Veta Pass). The last two localities represented by specimens so referred in the Hub- hard and Schwarz collection. Two males in my collection, from the first-named locality, arc to lie regarded as the types. The other specimens, while probably spe- cifically identical, differ slightly in density or coarseness of sculp- ture. The single specimen from Veta Pass is only 1.6 mm. in length. The types are decidedly more sparsely ami finely punctate than in any of the previously described species. <'. ro|>is sp. nov. — Oblong, parallel, moderately convex, feebly shining, pubescence very fine and sparse, whitish in color. Color pale testaceous, scutellum and also a median and apical dot, or small spot on each elytron black or brownish black. There is also usually between these spots a more or less obvious paler brown sutural spot or shade of variable shape, and the mesosternum and side pieces of the metasternum are brownish. Head subequal in width to the prothorax ; eyes large and prominent; tempora well developed, rounded pos- teriorly; front scarcely one-half wider than the longest diameter of the eye. sparingly scarcely visibly punctulate. Antennae about reaching the hind angles of the prothorax, club 2-jointed, all joints longer than wide, except the tenth, which is as wide as long. Prothorax transverse, sides angnlate at the middle, straight and moderately convergent anteriorly, concave posteriorly, hind angles nearly right; margin not at all denticulate; surface dull and subimpunctate, without antescutellar fovea, hut with sides broadly transversely impressed poste- riorly. Elytra nearly one-half wider than the prothorax, not quite twice as wide as long, sides parallel, apex not at all truncate, sutural angles rounded ; strial punctures large, hut feebly impressed and vague, especially laterally; intervals scarcely visibly punctate. Beueath subimpunctate. Front coxa- separated by about two-fifths the coxal width, middle coxse separated by their own diameters. Metasternum not sulcate posteriorly; intercoxal process of the first ventral trun- cate; first ventral with an oblique impressed line running backward and outward from the inner margin of each coxa. Legs rather slender. (PI. V, figs. 61 and 61a). Male. — Abdomen with five visible segments; fringe of hairs at tip of front tibiae a little longer than in the female. Female. — Abdomen with six segments. Length 1.1 — 1.3 mm. Hab. — Florida (Lake Poinsett ; Haw Creek ; Biscayne). This very interesting species is one of the numerous discoveries of the late Henry G. Hubbard. It lives exclusively — so Mr. Schwarz writes me — in the half-dried fans of the Florida Palmetto. At first glance the general facies of chamaeropis is so different from typical Melanophthalma as to suggest the necessity for a new- genus for its reception ; hut a search for structural characters to support this view reveals the fact that aside from its more parallel form, the differences between it and the other members of the sub- genus Cortilena are entirely of a superficial nature. The front coxae are here more widely separated than in any other species of the Corticariini. M. picta Lee. — Oval, moderately robust, color flavo- to rufotestaceous. elytra with a transverse median shade, and usually a basal and apical cloud, fuscous : or by suffusion the elytra may become fuscous, each marked with an anterior TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECEMBER, 1899. 172 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. and posterior pale spot: pubescence whitish, very fine, short and indistinct. Head very finely sparsely punctulate; tempora distinct, parallel; antennae as usual in the subgenus. Prothorax a little wider than the head, subquadrate, a little annulate at sides when viewed from above : sides straight and a little conver- gent in front of the angulation, slightly concave posteriorly : surface very finely reticulate, sparsely, finely but distinctly punctate: without basal fovea, the sides lightly transversely impressed posteriorly. Elytra one-half wider than the pro- thorax, rather short, ovate, sides arcuate : striae not impressed, the punctures fine hut distinct, and rather widely spaced ; punctures of intervals very fine. Pro- sternum in front, and metasternum at sides sparingly punctate. Front coxa' dis- tinctly but narrowly separated; middle coxae distinct by fully two-thirds the coxal width. Legs moderate. Length 1.25 mm. Hub. — Massachusetts; Pennsylvania; Maryland; Ohio; Illinois; Iowa; Missouri; Colorado (Greeley); Texas (Houston and Browns- ville) ; Florida. The sexual characters are those common to the suhgenus, consisting of the longer and denser fringe of hairs at the apex of the front tibiae in the % , and the presence of a small sixth ventral segment in the 9 . The Florida specimens constitute apparently a well-defined race. In these the elytra are always (so far as I have seen specimens) blackish brown, each with two pale spots; the eyes are larger and the tempora correspondingly shorter than in northern specimens, or, indeed, than those from any other locality. In the northern and western specimens the prevailing color is pale, the basal and apical shades being frequently wanting; the eyes do not exceed, in their longest diameter, one-half the width of the front, and the tempora are in length about equal to one-third the length of the eye. There are apparently some other faint differences in minor details, but these I have not worked out. One specimen from Florida shows the color of the southern race, but the cephalic characters of the typical form ; it therefore seems unsafe at present to do more than allude to the differences noticed. A very few specimens have been seen in which the elytra! markings are entirely wanting; these closely resemble casta, but may be distinguished, should they occur in the same terri- tory— which is unlikely, by the characters mentioned below. JI. casta sp. nov. — Form nearly as in picta ; color entirely yellowish testa- ceous, the outer joints of antennae sometimes a little darker. Very similar to picta in all respect, sexcept as follows: The pubescence is fine and short, but dis- tinctly better developed ; the bead is more strongly and less sparsely punctate; the prothorax is more transverse and shorter relative to the length of the elytra : the punctures of the elytra] intervals are more nearly equal to those of the strisB. (PI. V, fig. 59). Length 1.2 1.5 mm. Hub. —California (Redondo ; Pomona; Pasadena). IT. C. FALL. 173 HI. simplex Lee. — Closely allied to picta and casta, but differing from both in coloration, the body being rufous or rufotestaceous throughout, with the ex- ception of the elytra, which are uniformly of a darker shade, the depth of color varying with the maturity of the specimens, and to some extent individually. The elytra are also distinctly more elongate and more parallel, and the eyes larger than in either of the two species just named. The punctuation of the head is very minute, agreeing nearly with picta, while the small disparity in the size of the punctures of the elytral striae and intervals, also the more obvious pubescence, allies it more closely with casta. Further description would he scarcely more than a, repetition of the details given under picta. Hab. — Maryland ; Georgia; Florida (Tampa); Alabama; Texas (Columbus and Brownsville); Arizona; California (Yuma, Pasa- dena, Pomona, etc.). Simplex is thus seen to be distributed from the Atlantic to the Pacific in the southern parts of our territory. An examination of Zimmerman's type shows that subimpressa is a synonym of simplex rather than of similata as stated by the European authors. There is no doubt, whatever, that nigripennis Mots, must be similarly disposed of. JI. villoSH Zimm. — Elongate-oval, moderately convex, rufotestaceous; the elytra sometimes, or more commonly only the sutures, a little darker; pubescence long and conspicuous, the hairs arising from the elytral intervals usually a little more erect than those of the striae. Head rather strongly and not very sparsely punctate; eyes large, apparently a little variable in size, but usually separated by nearly twice their longest diameter; tempora distinct, parallel, and in length about equal to one-fourth or one-fifth the length of the eye. Antennas a little shorter than the head and prothorax; first joint large, subglobular ; second much smaller, elongate-oval ; third to eighth narrower, subcylindrical, gradually de- creasing in length, but all longer than wide; club 3-jointed, the joints increasing a little in width; the ninth obconic, longer than wide: tenth obconic, about as wide as long; eleventh longer, obliquely truncate at apex. Prothorax transverse, sides angulate at middle, a little convergent and slightly concave posteriorly; more noticeably convergent and nearly straight in front; margin obsoletely creuulate, a moderately prominent denticle at the hind angles; surface rather strongly punctate, the punctures distributed a little irregularly, and distant from a little less to somewhat more than their own diameters; a moderately deep sub- basal impression extending nearly from side to side. Elytra elongate-oval, apices a little sinuate and very minutely serrulate before the sutural angles, which are slightly pi-oduced ; striae not impressed, punctures moderate at base, finer poste- riorly, those, of the intervals somewhat finer, though not very conspicuously so as a rule. Presternum in front, and sides of metasternum somewhat sparsely but strongly punctate. Abdomen finely, sparsely punctulate. Middle coxa- sepa- rated by usually distinctly less than half the coxa! width. Legs moderate. (PI. V, tigs. 65 and (>."><( I. Male. — Front tibiae with longer pubescence at apex ; claw joint of front tarsi dentate beneath. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECEMBER. 1899. 174 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA Female. — Front tibise and tarsi unmodified. Length 1.6-1.9 ram. Hab. — A widely diffused species, of which I have seen specimens from New Hampshire; Massachusetts; North Carolina; Iowa (Iowa City); Michigan (Grand Ledge); Utah (Utah Lake); Nevada (Reno); California (Lake Tahoe). The form of the elytra! apices otters the readiest means of recog- nizing this species; it is, however, decidedly larger than distin- guenda— its closest ally— as is obvious when series are compared, the eyes are smaller and more widely separated, the middle coxae are less distant, the color is usually paler, and the pubescence longer and more bristling. ]?I. insularis sp. iiov. — This name is proposed for a form occurring on the Island of San Clemente (California), and differing from disiinguenda in the rela- tively very small eyes and correspondingly long tempora. The latter are nearly one-third as long as the eye, or sensibly twice as long as in disiinguenda : while the front is twice as wide as the longest diameter of the eye. While this may be only an extreme variation of distinguenda, the fact that I have seen nothing nearly approaching it in the character mentioned, has led me — though with some mis- givings—to give it specific standing. The pubescence is shorter, and the elytral punctures coarser than in the average distinguenda, but specimens of the latter species have been seen that were, not materially different in these respects. Hab. — San Clemente Id. — Coast of So. California. If I. . 600. C. australicus Bel., Rev. d'Ent., Caen, 1887, p. 223; et Ann. Soc Ent. Belg., xxxiii, 1889, C. R., p. xviii. sculptilis Bel. (nou Lee), Rev. d'Ent., Caen, 1887, p. 222. C. nodifer Westvv., Introd. Class. Ins., i, p. 55, pi. XIII, fig. 23.— Reitt,, Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 324.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1881, p. 134. Unrecognized Species. C. strang-ulatuss Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1853, iii, p. 214, n. 174. EBTICMUS Thorn. Subgenus Conithassa Thom. B. protensicollis Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1843, ii, p. 299, n. 266; et Germ. Zeits.. v, p. 71. 80brinu8 Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1852, ii, p. 362 quadricollis Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1843, p. 299, n. 265; et Germ. Zeits. v. p. 70. TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (24) DECEMBER, 1899. 186 AMERTCAN COLEOPTERA. E. suspectus sp. nov. E. desertus sp. nov. E. hirtus Gyll., Ins. Suec, iv, p. 139. n. 19.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit,, 1875, p. 327. — Bel., Ami. Soc. Linn, Lyon, 1881, p. 191. E. nigritus sp. nov. E. consimilis Mann., Germ. Zeits., v, p. 99. — Thorn., Skand. Col., v, p. 222. — Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 328.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1881, p. 190. parallelicollis Mann., Germ. Zeits., v, p. 101. E. minutus Linn., Syst. Nat, ii, p. 675.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 327; et Bestimm.-Tabellen, Lathridiidse, 2d ed., 1887, p. 21.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon., 1881, p. 186. reflexus Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 304. E. crenatus Lee, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phil., 1855, p. 304. — Bel., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxix, 1895, p. 95. E. lseviventris sp. nov. E. strenuus sp. nov. Subgenus Enicmus in sp. E. aterrimus Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1866, iii, p. 253. opaculus Lee, Proc Am. Phil. Soc, xvii, 1878, p. 600. ferruginous Bel., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxix, 1895, p. 92. var. nitens var. nov. E. duplicatus Lee, Proc. Am. Phil. Soe, xvii, 1878, p. 600. E. maculatus Lee, loe cit., p. 600. E. crassipunctatus sp. nov. E. Actus sp. nov. E. mimus sp. nov. E. vanus sp. nov. E. mendax sp. nov. E. ventralis sp. nov. E. cordatus Bel., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxix, 1895, p. 91. E. tenuicornis Lee, Proc. Am. Phil. Soe, xvii, 1878, p. 601. laticollis Lee, loe cit., p. 601. E. sulcatulus sp. nov. CARTODKItE Thorn. C. quadrifoveolata sp. nov. C. ruflcollis Marsh., Ent. Brit., i, p. 111.— Reitt, Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1S75, p. 336 — Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1881, p. 155. pulicaria Melsh., Proc. Acad. Phil., 1844, ii. p. 115. C. costulata Reitt., Deutsche Ent. Zeits., xxi, 1877, p. 114; et Wien Ent. Zeit., 1885, p. 313. C. filiformis Gyll., Ins. Suec, iv, p. 143.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 337.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1881, p. 158. C. arg-us Reitt.. Wien Ent. Zeit., 1884. p. 35. C intermedia Bel., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxviii, 1884, C. R., p. excii. C. fllum Auhe, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1850, p. 334.— Reitt,, Stett, Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 338.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1881, ]>. 161. C. elegans Aube Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1850, p. 334. — Bel., Ann. Soe Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 10. Unrecognized Specj es. C. cordicollis Mann., Bull. Mose, 1843, ii, p. 300; et Germ. Zeits, p. 105. H. C. FALL. 187 ADISTEMIA gen. nov. A. watsoni Woll., Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1871, p. 253 (Cartodere). BEL.OIVIA gen. nov. B. unicostata Bel., Eev. d'Ent., Caen, 1887, p. 225. REVELIERI4 Penis. R. californica sp. nov. Tribe IV. Corticariini. CORTICARIA Marsh. C. pubescens Gyll., Ius. Suec, iv, p. 123.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875. p. 417.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 22. grossa Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 299. C. rudis sp. nov. C. fulva Com., Col. uov. ac rar. Prov. Novoc, p. 39. C. varicolor sp. nov. C. parallela sp. nov. C. valida sp. nov. C. inopia sp. nov. C. planula sp. nov. C. salping-oides Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1867, i, p. 64. C. Columbia sp. nov. C. serricollis Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 299. C. poculifera sp. nov. C. prionodera Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 300. C. Carolina sp. nov. C. cribricollis sp. nov. C. amplicollis sp. nov. C. serrata Payk., Faun. Suec, i, p. 300.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 425.— Bel., Ann., Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 62. octodentata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., iii, p. 325. C. incerta sp. nov. C. apicalis sp. nov. C. dentig-era Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 300. C. tenuipes sp. nov. C. temporalis sp. nov. C. brevicornis sp. nov. C. elongata Gyll., Ins. Suec, iv. p 130.— Reitt., Stett., Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 429.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 95. C. ferruginea Marsh., Ent. Brit., i, p. 111. — Gyll., Ins. Suec, iv. p. 131. — Mann.. Germ. Zeits., v, p. 45, n. 36.— Thorn., Skand. Col., v, p. 234. deleta Mann , Bull. Mosc, 1853, iii, p. 212. denticulata Kirby, Fauna bor. Arner., p. 110. kirbyi Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 300. dbtusa Lee, loe cit., p. 300. rugulosa Lee, loe cit.. p. 300. Unrecognized Species. C. canaliculata Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1853, ii, p. 211, n. 167. C. debilis Mots., Bull. Mose, 1867. i, p. 61. C. depressiuscula Mots., loe cit., p. 72. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECEMBER, 1899. 188 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. C. ferruginosa Mots., loc, cit., ]>. 73. C. spinulosa Mann., Bull. Mosc, 1852. ii, p. 361, n. 158. C. striatopunctata Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1867, i, p. 56. MEL, ANOPHTHALMIA Mots Subgenus Cortilena Mots. M. chamseropis sp nov. M. picta Lee. Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 303.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxix. 1895, p. 104. M. casta sp. nov. M. simplex Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil.. 1855, p. 303. nigripennis Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1867, i, p. 96. subimprensa Zinnn., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 1869. p, 256. Subgenus Me la nop hth alma in sp. M. villosa Zinnn., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 1869, p. 256. M. insularis sp. nov. M. disting-uenda Com., Col. Novoc , p. 38.— Reitt.. Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1S75, p. 438.— H. Bris.. Ann. Soc Ent. Fr., 1881, p. 409.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 111. pusilla Melsh. (non Mann.), Proc. Acad. Phil., 1844, p. 116. morsa Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil.. 1855, p. 302. rufida Lee, loc. cit., p. 303. snbangulafa Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1866, iii, p. 281. M. floridana sp. nov. M. pumila Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil., p. 302. M. aculifera sp. nov. Subgenus Cortiedrina Reitt. M gibbosa Herhst., Kaf., v, p. 5, pi. 44, fig. 2.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 433.— H. Bris., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1881, p. 406.— Bel., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 119. M incompta sp. nov. M. similata Gyll., Ins. Suee. iv, p. 134.— Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1875, p. 440 — H. Bris., Ann. Soc Ent. Fr., 1881, p. 407.— Bel., Ann. Soc Linn. Lyon, 1884, p. 124. herbivaganfi Lee. Proc. Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 302. levis Lee, loc. cit., p. 302. M. regularis Lee. Proc. Phil. Acad., 1855, p. 301. M. terricula sp. nov. M. alberta sp. nov. M. longipennis Lee. Proc. Phil. Acad., 1855, p. 300. M. americana Mann., Germ. Zeits., v, p. 50. eompta Lee, Proc. Acad. Phil.. 1855, p. 301. expansa Lee. loc. cit., p. 301. arntti Lee., loe cit., p. 301. xcissa Lee, loc. cit., p. 301. M. cavicollis Mann., Germ. Zeits., v, p. 57. angidaris Lee, Proc Acad. Phil., 1855, p. 301. M tenella Lee, loe cit., p. 301. H. C. FALL. 189 Unrecognized Species. M. pusilla Mann.. Germ. Zeits., v, p. 48. M. exig-uua Mann.. Bull. Mosc, 1853, iii, p. 212. M. orbicollis Mann., loc. cit., p. 211. M. helvola Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1866, iii, p. 275. M. inculta Mots., loc. cit., p. 283. M. inermis Mots., loc. cit., p. 283. M. cylindrinotata Mots., loc. cit., p. 288. M. rectangula Mots., Bull. Mosc, 1867, i, p. 87. M. ovipennis Mots., loc cit., p. 81. M. pullula Mots., loc. cit, p. 89. M. serricella Mots., loc. cit., p. 93. M. planiuscula Mots., loc. cit., p. 94. FUt'HSINA gev. nov. F occulta sp. nov. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. PLATE III. Fig. 1, la. — Holoparamecus ragusse. 2, 2a. — " singularis. 3, 3a. — kitmei. 4, 4a. — pacificus. 5, 5a. — Dusi/cenis carolinensis. 6, 6a. — Metophthalmus parvi.cep8. 7. — " rudis. 8. — " trux. 9. — albosignatus. 10. — Lathridius lardarius. 11, 11a. — " breviclavus. 12. — " armatulus; 12aantenna; 12ft front tibia of % ; 12c front tibia of 9 13. — " liratus. 14. 14a. — Coninomus australicus. 15. — " constrictus, antennal club. 16. — Enicmus protensicollis. 17. — '' suspectus. 18. — " desertns. 19. — " consimilis. 20. — " minutas. PLATE IV Fig. 21. — Enicmus crenatus. 22. — " streauns. 23, 23a. — Enicmus aterrimus. 24 — Enicmus fictus. 25. - " mendfix. 26. — " ventralis. 27. — " cordatns. 28, 28a. — Enicmus tenuicornis. 29. — Cartodere quadriforeolata. 30. — " ruficollis. 31. — " costulata. 32. — '" filiformis. 33. — " argus. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. DECEMBER, 1899. 190 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA Fig. 34. — Cariodere filum. " 35. — '" elegans. " 36. — Adistemia watsoni. ' 37, 37a, 376. — Belonia unicostata ; antenna and front leg, showing elongate trochanter. " 38.—Eevelieria californica. " 39. — Oorticaria pubescens. '' 40. — '' fulva. " 41. — " parallela. " 42. — " valida. " 43. — " inopia. PLATE V. Fig. 44. — Corticaria planula, " 45. — " Columbia. " 46. — '' serricoliis. " 47. — " poculifera. " 48. — " Carolina. " 49. — " cribricollis. *' 50. — " amplicollis. " 51. — " serrata. " 52. — " occidua. " 53. — " dentigera. ' 54. 54a, 546. — Corticaria tenuipes ; head and femur. ' 55, 55«. — temporalis.- head and femur. " 56, 56a. — " brevicornis. " 57, 57a. — elongata. " 58, 58a. — '' ferruginea. '' 59. — Melanophthalma casta. '" 60. 60t. — " simplex. " 61, 61a. — " chamseropis. " 62. — distinguenda. ' 63. — Hind tarsus of M. distinguenda, etc., of suhgenus Melanophthalma. '' 64.— Head of M. distinguenda. '" 65. — " M. villosa. '• 65a. — Apical angle of elytron — M. villosa. " 66. — Melanophthalma gibbosa. " 67. — incompta. ." 68. — similata. " 69. — longipennis. " 70. — amerieana. " 71. — cavicollis % . " 72. —Hind tarsus of M. amerieana and allies. " 73, 73a. — Fnehsina occulta. ERRATA. Page 130, line 6 from top, for assume read assure. " 143, " 2 " hottom, for emhrauce read emhrace. " 168, " 19 " top, for distant read distinct. " 169, " 18-20 from hottom, should read as follows: Claw joint of anterior tarsus toothed beneath in the % . Apices of elytra slightly but distinctly sinuate and minutely serrulate before the sutural angles, which are slightly produced villosa. Apices of elytra not sinuate or serrulate before the the sutural angles, which are not at all produced. Page 172, line 11 from top, for distinct read distant. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXVI. PI. III. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXVI. PI. IV Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXVI. M. V ( ROLAND HAYWARD. 191 A STUDY OF THE SPECIES OF TACHYS OF BOREAL AMERICA. BY ROLAND HAYWARD. Probably few, if any, genera of Carabidse have received so little attention from collectors and students of our fauna as the one which forms the subject of the present essay. This is due in part to the small size of the species composing it, and also to the scattered and fragmentary condition of the literature of the subject. The nearest approach to a monograph of our species that has ever been published is contained in Dr. LeConte's " Descriptive Cata- logue of the Geodephagous Coleoptera Inhabiting the United States east of the Rocky Mts."* In a paper which appeared a few years later f the views therein expressed were further modified by that author, several new species described and the genus Pericompsus erected for the reception of ephipjnatus, sellatus and Icetulus. Since that time scarcely anything has been published in this country, with the exception of a few isolated descriptions of new species. With regard to the foreign works on the subject, there are two which require especial mention. The first of these, " De Bembidiis Euro- pseis," was published by Jacquelin -Duval, in 1851. % Tuchys is therein regarded as a group of Benibidium, but several characters are suggested in Duval's monograph which have been of service in the separation of our species. The second is by Motschultsky,|| and contains a subdivision of the genus into six genera, the characters on which they are based being of little or no value, as regards our species, even for the definition of groups. The work is so inacces- sible to the majority of our students, however, that a reprint of the table of genera therein contained is published in the appendix, together with the original descriptions of the species described from North America, which I have as yet been unable to identify. Some months after the publication of my paper on Bembidium, I undertook to arrange the species of Tachys in my own cabinet. This was done without any intention of publication, but it soon * Ann. Lye, 1848, iv, pp. 468-473. t Ibid, 1851-2, v, pp. 191-194. X Ann. Sex-.. Ent. France, 1851, ser. 2, ix. || Etudes Ent.. 1862. xi, pp. 24-37. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JANUARY, 1900. 192 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA became apparent that the task was by no means an easy one, and that a thorough study of types and comparison of specimens would be necessary before anything could be accomplished. The work has been a long one, and it has been thought best to publish the results, which are offered in the following paper with the hope that some assistance may be afforded thereby to those who may desire in the future to study these small, but interesting insects. During my work upon this genus I have keenly felt the need of assistance and advice from one, now removed from us, who was ever ready with valuable aid and suggestions for those similarly engaged ; a need that I fear will also be appreciated by those who use this paper. No one can realize more fully than I the irreparable loss which entomology has sustained by the death of Dr. George H. Horn. I desire, however, to acknowledge the kind assistance that I have received in many ways from numerous friends and correspondents, which has added materially to whatever value my work may possess. My warmest thanks are due to .Mr. Samuel Henshaw, who, as heretofore, has rendered me valuable aid. To him I am indebted for a free use of the LeConte collection, for much assistance in bibliographical work and for kind advice. Messrs. Frederick Blanchard, F. C Bowditch, H. C. Fall and Charles Liebeck have kindly placed their entire material in my hands for many months, thereby largely increasing the amount that 1 have had for study, while Messrs. W. H. Harrington, L. E. Rick- secker, Henry Ulke, H. W. Wenzel, H. F. Wickham and 'Mrs. A. T. Slosson have aided me by the loan and gift of specimens. To all of these I would express my gratitude. To the American Entomological Society I am under great obliga- tions for the loan of the material formerly in Dr. Horn's cabinet, now a part of their collection ; a service that has been of great value. I would also express my gratitude to M. Rene Oberthiir of Rennes, France, who has kindly loaned me the types' of several of the species described by Baron Chaudoir. To Mr. Theodore Pergande I am grateful for the determination of the hosts of several myrmecophilous species. Lastly, I would express my thanks to my friend Mr. J. H. Emer- ton for the use of his facile pencil and the care that he has taken in the drawing of the figures. ROLAND HAYWARD. 193 The genus Tachys exhibits a considerable range of variation several groups having at different times been elevated to the rank of genera. As elsewhere expressed with regard to Bembidium,, it is my opinion that no satisfactory results can be obtained in generic subdivision until all the species of the genus, at least, shall have been studied, if not, indeed, all those of the tribe Bembidiini. As here recognized, the genus includes all the members of that tribe in which the anterior tibire are obliquely truncate at apex, Pericompsus, which differs from Tachys only by the deep, entire marginal stria of the elytra, being regarded as a group of the latter genus. Several other characters not seen in Bembidium may be men- tioned, which, although not possessed by all the species, are observa- ble in most of them. Among these the sutural stria of the elytra in nearly all is deeper posteriorly and presents the appearance of being recurved at apex, the recurved portion being parallel either with the margin or with the suture, in the latter case often hooked at tip. This is due to the fact that the other dorsal strue are usually feebly impressed and almost or entirely effaced at apex, what appears as the recurved portion of the sutural stria being in reality the remnant of the apical portion of the fifth, seventh or, in one group, probably the third stria. In those species in which the elytral stria? are more distinct and entire, or nearly so, this character is less marked, and in anescens is entirely lost. The scutellar stria of the elytra, which is present in at least all our North American species of Bembidium, is entirely absent in those of Tachys, and as Duval gives this as one of the distinguishing characters of his group XV, which is the equivalent of Tachys, it probably applies to the exotic species. In most Tachys the second and third joints of the antenna? are subequal. Rarely, however, the second is longer than the third. In Bembidium the reverse is the case, though in a few species the third is but slightly longer than the second. Most of the characters employed in the system here proposed have been long known and have become the common property of science, some are brought into greater prominence than heretofore in the grouping of species, while a few, so far as I am aware, are here suggested for the first time. No claim is made that the system will apply to the large number of exotic species that have been de- TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (25) JANUARY, 1900. 194 AMERTCAN COLEOPTERA. scribed, but, so far as concerns our fauna, it gives a division into what appear to be natural groups, and it is hoped may serve until the tribe Bembidini shall have been studied in its entirety. Before passing to the definition of our species, it may be well to briefly review the characters used in grouping them. In nearly all, the head, although not narrowed to a neck, is free from the thorax for some distance behind the eyes. A single excep- tion to this is seen in cenescens, in which it is inserted in the thorax to the eves. This is shown on Plate VI, fig. 9. The mentum varies in the different species, being more or less emarginate in front, with a tooth of varying prominence at the bottom of the emargination. In rather more than half our species there will be observed, behind the tooth, two large, forameniform punctures (Plate VI, fig. 13), which are entirely absent in the others (Plate VI, fig. 12). This character seems an important one. It is not difficult to detect, even with a moderately powerful hand- lens, and, as soon as recognized, its presence or absence can readily be determined even in our smallest species. Several differences are observable in the palpi, especially in the comparative length of the small, subulate terminal joint, but I have been unable to make use of these. The antennae are subject to some variation. The second and third joints, as already stated, are subequal in the majority of our species. The second joint is, however, slightly shorter than the third in nanus, falli and frontalis, while in scitulus and several other species of the ninth group the reverse is the case. In rufotestaceus and limit (Plate VI, fig. 14) the second is very distinctly longer than the third, and in the last named species the seven following joints are nearly equal and submoniliform, the eleventh being longer, and the antennae resemble closely those of Anillus. In nearly all the eyes are huge or moderately large and promi- nent, In ferrugineus, however, they are comparatively small and somewhat flattened. This is also the case, to a less degree, in mordax. The thorax affords few characters of use in the division of the genus into groups. It is usually transverse, subquadrate, with the base as wide or wider than the apex, or more rarely slightly nar- rower. The base is usually squarely truncate, sometimes more or less obliquely so each side. In the fourth group, which includes tripunctatvs, ineurvus and most of the more convex species, two series are observable, based upon the presence or absence of three ROLAND HAY WARD. 195 large punctures near the middle of the posterior transverse impres- sion. This is represented on Plate VI, figs. 10 and 11. Many characters of great importance are derived from the elytra. These are rounded at tip in all the groups, except that containing cenescens, in which the apex is subtruncate. The dorsal punctures are usually two in number and differ in position in the different groups. In wnescens, however, I have been able to detect but a single puncture, which is so small that it can be located only by the seta arising from it. The recurved portion of the sutural stria, to which allusion has already been made, also affords several useful characters. These differences are well represented in the figures (PI. VI, figs. 1-8). The other dorsal stride vary considerably, espe- cially in number, but I am inclined to think that too much value has been assigned to this latter character by several authors. In most species they are impunctured, rarely distinctly punctate. The marginal stria is usually broadly interrupted at middle, rarely (ephippiatus, etc.) deep and entire, sometimes with the basal portion obsolete and represented by punctures, or even (Icevus) completely effaced. In the latter case the marginal setigerous punctures, which are present in all our species near the humerus and apex, assume unusual prominence. In nearly all our species the first two joints of the anterior tarsi are dilated in the males (PI. VI, fig. 15), although less broadly than in Bembidium. In corruscus (PI. VI, fig. 16) and several other species of the ninth group only the basal joint is dilated, while in ephippiatus and its allies and cenescens the tarsi are similar in the sexes. The males are usually rarer than the females. All the species of Tachys are of small size, the largest (sellatus) being about .16 inch (4 mm.) long, while the smallest (Jcbvus) meas- ures only .05 inch (1.25 mm.) in length. Most of them are found in moist places, or are riparial in their habits. Some occur under bark, while a few are myrmecophilous. They are entirely unknown to me in their early stages, and, so far as I am aware, the larva and pupa of but a single species (nanus) have been described.* The genus is represented on both sides of the continent, but the species are more numerous in the southern than in the northern portions of the country. A few words are necessary with regard to the plate which accom- * Perris, Hist, pin Mar. (1862), 1863, i, pp. 439-461, figs. 510-516. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. JANUARY, 1900. 196 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. panies this paper. The figures are in the main diagramatic, the minor details being omitted lest they might mislead the student. All have been drawn under high power, so that in those represent- ing the elytra, which have all been drawn on the same scale, more stria' are shown in several cases, than appear when the specimen is magnified to a less degree. In conclusion, I would ask a little indulgence of those who use this paper. No one can realize its shortcomings more fully than 1, but if its publication shall lead to a better understanding of our species, my object will have been accomplished. Forty-five species are recognized in the following pages. These are divided into nine groups, which may thus be separated : Elytra rounded at tip ; head not inserted in the thorax to the eyes 2. Elytra sub truncate at tip, the third stria with one very small dorsal puncture near the apex ; head inserted in the thorax to the eyes; men turn with- out forameniform punctures Group i. senescens. 2. Mentum without forameniform punctures; marginal stria of elytra interrupted or less deep at middle 3. Mentum with two large, forameniform punctures behind the tooth 5. 3. Thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent 4. Thorax broadly margined, the margin translucent; elytra with the recurved portiou of the sutural stria parallel to the margin, third interval with two small dorsal puuctures very near the third stria. Group iii. flavicauda. 4. Elytra with the recurved portion of the sutural stria parallel to the margin ; dorsal punctures two, the first on the fourth stria near the base, the second on the third stria near the apex Group ii. nanus. Elytra with the recurved portion of the sutural stria short, nearly parallel to the suture; dorsal puuctures two, these placed on the third stria when the latter is present, the second at most but slightly behind the mid- dle Group iv. incurvus. 5. Elytra with the marginal stria broadly interrupted at middle (obsolete in Itevus) 6. Elytra with the marginal stria deep, entire; two small dorsal punctures on the third interval Group vi. ephippiatus. 6. Recurved portion of the sutural stria long, nearly parallel to the suture, dis- tinctly hooked at tip. ... 7. Recurved portion of the sutural stria moderately long, not hooked at tip; two dorsal punctures on the third stria, the second but slightly behind the middle ; form convex Group v. frontalis. Recurved portion of the sutural stria very short, parallel with the suture, not hooked at tip; two dorsal punctures on the third interval near the third stria, the secoud very distinctly behind the middle; form de- pressed Group vii. lsevus. 7. Elytra with the first dorsal puncture on the third stria, the second at or behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria, but not enclosed within it Group viii. vittiger. ROLAND HAYWARD. 197 Elytra with the first dorsal puncture on the fourth interval, the second en- closed within the recurved portion of the sutural stria. Group ix. proximus. Group I. senescens. Head rather small, inserted in the thorax to the eyes (PI. VI, fig. 9); mentum without forameniform punctures; antennae with the second and third joints subequal. Thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent. Elytra subtruncate at tip, with one very small dorsal puncture situated close to the apex and appar- ently on or near the third stria ; sutural stria not recurved at apex ; marginal stria interrupted at middle. The anterior tarsi are similar in the sexes. In this group the single dorsal puncture of the elytra is extremely small, so minute, in fact, that it can be located only by the seta arising from it. It is therefore impossible to determine with cer- tainty its actual position, whether close to or on the third stria. Judging from our only representative it seems to stand alone more than any other group. It was placed by LeConte in Biennis, a genus since suppressed. By other authors it has been referred to Lywnastis Motsch. 1. T. senesceiis Lee. (Plate VI, fig. 1). — Form moderately elongate, de- pressed. Color brownish-piceous. sometimes rufous, shining, the head usually darker, the elytra sometimes with slight iridescent lustre. Head narrower than the thorax at apex; frontal grooves short; eyes moderate, slightly prominent ; antenna? scarcely one-half as long as the body, fuscous, the basal joints paler; palpi testaceous. Prothorax scarcely one-half wider than long, as wide at base as apex; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior rather feeble and close to the base; meidan line deep, abbreviated at each end ; hasnl impressions distinct; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides slightly rounded in front, oblique behind ; hind angles obtuse, but not rounded, not cari- nate. Elytra slightly wider than the thorax, subparallel, nearly oblong, striate; stria? distinct, impunctate, subentire, the inner ones scarcely deeper, the fifth slightly grooved towards the apex ; intervals nearly flat. Body beneath brown- ish-piceous. Legs pale yellowish-testaceous. Length .07 .09 inch ; 1.75-2.25 mm. A very aberrant species with no apparent affinities, and easily recognizable from all the others in our fauna. It is known to me only from North Carolina, Florida, Arkansas and Louisiana. Group II. nanus. Head not inserted in the thorax to the eyes ; mentum without forameniform punctures; antennae with the third joint distinctly longer than the second. Thorax with the side margin narrowly TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JANUARY, 1900. 1!)i;i t it* Say. * Ann. Lye, 1851-2, v, p. 191. f Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 1881, ix, p. 134. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. FEBRUARY, 1900. 214 AMERICAN COLEOPTEKA. Subdepressed, very elongate; thorax one-half wider than long, slightly nar- rower at base than apex; elytra slightly wider than the thorax, sub- parallel. Length .10-. 13 inch ... lsetultis Lee- 21. T. sellatus Lee. — Form slender, elongate, convex. Color rufo-testa- ceous, subopaque, the elytra with a large, common, more or less (dearly defined discal spot fuscous or pieeous. Head scarcely as wide as the thorax; frontal grooves distinct, extending backwards to the hind margin of the eye ; eyes large, prominent; antenna? about one-half the length of the body, ferrugineous, the outer joints scarcely darker; palpi rufo-testaceous. Prothorax subcordate, nearly as long as wide, widest in front of the middle, very distinctly narrower at base than apex ; apex slightly emarginate, the anterior angles slightly prominent and acute; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior rather feeble; median line distinct, entire; basal impressions distinct, linear; base truncate; sides broadly margined, arcuate in front, oblique behind, distinctly sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are rectangular, not carinate. Elytra more than one-half wider than the thorax, oblong oval, broadly margined, elongate, with six deep dorsal striae ; stride deeply punctate, subentire. the fifth slightly grooved at tip ; intervals convex, the third with the first dorsal puncture about one-fourth from base, the second about the middle. Body beneath rufo-piceous, the abdo- men slightly paler. Legs rufo-testaceous. Length . 13-. 16 inch ; 3.25 4 mm. Very distinct from the others of the group. The discal spot on the elytra is subject to some variation. It is usually margined posteriorly and sometimes also anteriorly with pieeous, and is often not clearly defined. In most specimens exam- ined the suture is also infuscate. Occurs in Arizona and at Yuma, Cal. 22. T. e|>lii|»|>istt u* Say. — Form slender, elongate, convex. Color rufo- testaceous, shining, the elytra with a large, common discal spot and sometimes with a subbasal one varying from rufo-piceous to nearly black. Head scarcely narrower than the thorax; frontal grooves distinct, extending posteriorly to the hind margin of the eye; eyes large, prominent; antennae less than one-half as long as the body, rufo-testaceous, the outer joints scarcely darker ; palpi testaceous. Prothorax subcordate, slightly wider than long, narrower at base than apex ; apex nearly truncate, the anterior angles not prominent ; anterior transverse im- pression feeble or obsolete, the posterior deep, punctate and slightly rugose ; median line fine, abbreviated at each end: basal impressions small ; base trun- cate; sides with the margiu very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind; hind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra elongate, oblong-oval, about one-half wider than the thorax, less widely margined than in selhttits. with six moderately deep dorsal striae ; striae distinctly punctate, somewhat less deeply towards the tip, subentire, the fifth deeply grooved at apex; intervals feebly convex, the third with the first dorsal puncture about one-fourth from base, the second slightly behind the middle. Body beneath rufous or rufo-piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .10-.13 inch ; 2.5-3.25 mm. Readily distinguishable from the other two species of the group by the characters given above. The extent and depth of color of ROLAND HAYWARD. 215 the dark markings of the elytra varies to a considerable degree, the elytra varying from testaceous, faintly clouded on the disk with dusky, to nearly black, broadly margined with testaceous. It occurs throughout the eastern United States from New Eng- land to Texas. 23. T. hrtiilns Lee. — Form slender, elongate, subdepressed. Color nearly as in ephippiatus. Head scarcely narrower than the thorax; frontal grooves dis- tinct, extending posteriorly as far as the hind margin of the eye; eyes large, prominent; antennae less than one-half the length of the body, rnfo-testaceous, the outer joints scarcely darker; palpi testaceous. Prothorax sub-quadrate, about one-half wider than long, scarcely narrower at base than apex ; apex trun- cate; anterior transverse impression feeble or nearly obsolete ; median line fine, abbreviated before and behind ; posterior transverse impression distinct, punc- tate; basal impressions very small, feebly marked ; base truncate; sides with the margin narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles rectan- gular, finely carinate. Elytra very slightly wider than the thorax, elongate, oblong-ovate, subparallel, with six moderately fine dorsal striae; margin narrowly reflexed ; striae subentire, finely punctate, slightly less deeply towards the tip, the fifth slightly grooved at apex; intervals tiat, the third with the first dorsal puncture about one-fourth from base, the second slightly behind the middle. Body beneath rufo-piceous or piceous, the head and thorax paler. Legs testa- ceous. Length .10-. 13 inch ; 2.5-3.25 mm. Resembles the preceding most closely, but is abundantly distinct by its more parallel, subdepressed form and by the form of the thorax. Although, by no means subopaque, the surface is less shining than in ephippiatus. Under high power it is seen to be very finely alutaceous, especially on the elytra, and a slightly pearly lustre is thus imparted. It is known to me ouly from Arizona. Group VII. lsevus. Head not inserted in the thorax to the eyes ; men turn with two large, forameniform punctures behind the tooth. Thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent. Elytra rounded at tip, with two dorsal punctures on the third interval very close to the third stria ; recurved portion of the sutural stria very short, not hooked at tip, apparently representing the apical end of the abbreviated third stria; marginal stria broadly interrupted at middle, obsolete in Iobvus, in which the marginal punctures assume unusual prominence. In this group I have included three species, which agree in the above characters. Of these, the first (tree h if or mis) has the second TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. FEBRUARY, 1900. "2\V) AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. and third joints of the antennse subequal, as in most species of Tacky*, while in the other two the second joint is distinctly longer than the third. In Icevus (Plate VI, fig. 14) the antenna? are almost moniliform, an approach to this form being seen in rufotesta- ceous, while in trechiformis they arc of the form usually seen in the genus. Were the species more numerous the group might easily be divided into two on the structure of the antennae, but as they are so lew I cannot see that any advantage would be gained by so doing. All agree in having the dorsal punctures of the elytra on the third interval very close to the third stria, in fact, being so close in tre- c hi for mis as to appear rather like inward dilations of the stria itself. An elytron of T. Iwvm is shown on Plate VI, fig. 6. The first two joints of the anterior tarsi are slightly dilated in the males. The species may thus be separated : Small species; antenme with the second joint longer and stouter than the third ; thorax narrower at base thax apex 2. Larger; antenme with joints 2-3 subequal ; elongate; rufo- testaceous; thorax as wide at base as apex, hind angles rectangular; stria; of elytra obso- letely punctulate. Length .11 inch I rcclii lor ill is n. sp. 2. Pale rufo-testaceous ; elongate; thorax with the sides sinuate behind, hind angles rectangular; stria? of elytra finely punctulate; marginal stria with the apical portion distinct, the basal represented by setigerous punctures. Length .06-. 07 inch rufbtestaceii* n. sp. Piceous, often more or less tinged with rufous; less elongate; thorax with the sides at most obsoletely sinuate behind, hind angles obtuse ; stria; of elytra very fine, impunctate; marginal stria obsolete, represented by setigerous' punctures. Length .05-. 06 inch lievtis Say. 24. T. trechiformis n. sp. — Form slender, elongate, sub-depressed. Color rufo-testaceous, shining. Head scarcely narrower than the thorax; frontal grooves short, extending posteriorly scarcely to the middle of the eye: eyes large and prominent; antenme less than one-half as long as the body, rufo-testa- ceous, the second and third joints subequal ; palpi testaceous, the last joint very small. Prothorax subquadrate, about one-half wider than long, as wide at base as apex ; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression feeble, the posterior dis- tinct, finely punctulate; median line fine, extending between the transverse im- pressions; basal impressions moderately deep; base truncate; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; bind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra elongate, oblong-elliptical, subparallel, slightly wider than the thorax, finely striate ; stria; obsoletely punctulate, the three inner deeper, the fourth and fifth feeble, all but the sutural abbreviated towards the apex; marginal stria interrupted at middle, the basal and apical portions dis- tinct ; first dorsal puncture about one-third from base, the second about one-third from apex ; intervals fiat. Body beneath and legs pale rufotestaceous. Length .11 inch ; 2.75 mm. ROLAND HAYWARD. 217 Very distinct from any species known to me. In facies it some- what recalls a minute Trechus. The subulate palpi seem here to attain their greatest development, the last joint of the maxillary being almost obsolete, and that of the labial very small. Described from a single male from the Verde River, Arizona, collected by the late Dr. H. G. Griffith, for which I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. Chas. Liebeck. 25. T. rufotecitaceus n. sp.— Form elongate, depressed. Color pale rufo- testaceous. Head as wide as the thorax at apex : frontal grooves short, deep, ex- tending posteriorly scarcely to the middle of the eye; eyes moderately large, slightly flattened ; antennas less than one-half the length of the body, testaceous, the outer joints darker, the second longer than the third, joints 3-10 sub-equal, the eleventh longer and acute at tip ; palpi testaceous. Prothorax very slightly narrower at hase than apex, subquadrate, about one-half wider than long; apex truncate; transverse impressions distinct, the anterior strongly arcuate and dis- tant from the apex, the posterior distinctly angulate at middle: median line dis- tinct, extending between the transverse impressions; basal impressions small, distinct; base truncate, very slightly obliquely so each side; sides with the mar- gin narrowly retlexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, about one-half wider than the thorax, with four dorsal striae, the two inner deeper; stria? finely punctate, the outer ones ab- breviated behind ; marginal stria with the apical portion distinct, the basal obso- lete and represented by the usual two marginal setigerous punctures; first dor- sal puncture about one-third from base, the second about one-fourth from apex. Body beneath rufous or rufotestaeeous. Legs testaceous. Length . 06-. 07 inch ; 1.5-1.75 mm. A very distinct little species. It resembles Icevus in having the second joint of the antennae longer than the third, but is easily recognizable by the characters above given. It occurs in California and Arizona. 26. T. lievus Say (PI. VI., fig. 6).— Form subdepressed. Color piceous, often more or less tinged with rufous. Head large, as wide as the thorax at apex ; frontal grooves very short, almost punctiform ; eyes moderate, slightly flattened; antennae submoniliform, less than one-half as long as the body, piceous, the first two joints very pale testaceous, the second stouter and very distinctly longer than the third, joints 3-10 nearly equal, the eleventh much longer and acute at tip ; palpi pale testaceous. Prothorax subquadrate, nearly twice as wide as long, slightly narrower at base than apex ; apex truncate; transverse impressions dis- tinct, the posterior deeper, the median line very fine or nearly obsolete, extend- ing between them; basal impressions small, deep; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, .strongly arcuate in front, oblique, or at most obsoletely sinuate behind ; hind angles obtuse, but not rounded, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, about one-half wider than the thorax, with a sutural and from one to three abbreviated dorsal stria?, the latter very fine or nearly obsolete ; stria? impunctate; marginal stria obsolete, repre- TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (28) MARCH, 1900. 218 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. sented near the humerus and towards the apex by the usual marginal setigerous punctures; first dorsal puncture about one-third from base, the second about one- fourth from apex. Body beneath piceous, the head and thorax usually paler. Legs testaceous, the femora sometimes darker. Length .05-. 06 inch ; 1.25-1.5 mm. A very singular little species and the smallest in our fauna. The structure of the antennae (PI. VI, fig. 14) is very curious and unlike that seen in any other species, except rufotestaceus, which resembles it in having the second joint longer than the third. The marginal stria of the elytra is obsolete, being represented near the humerus and towards the apex by the usual setigerous punctures, which are to he seen along the margin in most species of Tachys, but the pres- ence of which is often obscured by the depth of the marginal stria. In perfect examples of lasvus the setae proceeding from these punc- tures are seen to be unusually long. It occurs throughout the more eastern portions of the country. Specimens have been seen from Canada, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Michigan, Iowa, Mis- souri, Arkansas and Louisiana. Group VIII. vittiger. Form more or less depressed. Head not inserted in the thorax to the eyes; mentum with two deep, forameniforin punctures behind the tooth ; antennae with the second and third joints subequal. Thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent. Elytra rounded at tip, with two dorsal punctures, the first on the third stria, when the latter is present, scarcely in front of the middle, the second at or slightly behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria, but never enclosed within it ; stria? usually feebly marked, impunctate, the sutural only attaining the apex, the latter with the recurved portion parallel to the suture, or nearly so, and hooked at tip; marginal stria broadly interrupted at middle. In the males the first two joints of the anterior tarsi are more or less dilated. Most nearly allied to the next group, the only character separa- ting them being the different position of the dorsal punctures. A short study of their position in the different species will, I think, convince one that, while in the present group they really belong on the third stria, in the one containing proximus, corruscus, etc., their situation is on the fourth interval. In those species in which the outer striae are feeble or obsolete, the position of the second punc- ROLAND HAYWARD. 219 ture, with relation to the recurved portion of the sutural stria, that is whether or not it is enclosed within it, will indicate to which group the species should be referred. This is shown on Plate VI, figs. 7 and 8. Our species are moderately numerous, and several resemble each other very closely. The following table, it is hoped, will assist in their determination : Eyes large, prominent 2. Eyes smaller, less convex ; pale yellowish-testaceous ; thorax distinctly narrower at base than apex : elytra scarcely wider than the thorax, feebly or obsoletely striate. Length .08. 10 inch liioruax Lee. 2. Thorax squarely truncate at base ; legs pale 3. Thorax more or less obliquely truncate each side at bast 5. 3. Thorax slightly narrower at base than apex 4. Thorax very distinctly narrower at base than apex ; head nearly black, thorax piceous or rufopiceous, elytra pale testaceous, with the suture slightly infuscate: form very elongate, subparallel ; elytra scarcely wider than the thorax, which is slightly wider than long. Length .09-. 10 inch Virgo Lee. 4. Less elongate; pale rufotestaceous, the head and thorax scarcely darker; elytra slightly wider than the thorax, which is about one-half wider than long. Length .09-11 inch pallida* Chaud. Piceous or black, the elytra slightly wider than the thorax, with either a vitta varying in breadth and extending nearly to apex, or a subhumeral spot pale, or even entirely black ; thorax with the sides slightly sinu- ate behind, hind angles rectangular. Length .09-. 12 inch. vittiger Lee. More robust ; color varying from brownish to nearly black, the elytra often with a subhumeral and sometimes a subapical spot pale, the two rarely united to form a longitudinal vitta; elytra one-half wider than the thorax, which has the sides sinuate behind and the hind angles rec- tangular. Length .09. 12 inch occullator Casey. 5. Slightly broader than vittiger ; color dark piceous or black, the elytra some- times with a pale longitudiual vitta; thorax slightly narrower at base than apex, sides not sinuate behind, hind angles obtuse, but not rounded ; elytra distinctly wider than the thorax ; femora piceous or black, tibipe and tarsi paler. Length .08-. 10 inch corax Lee. More elongate; color black; thorax more narrowed behind, sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are subrectangular ; elytra scarcely wider than the thorax ; legs pale. Length .09 inch misellus Laf. Broader; color piceous, the elytra with the sutural region, especially towards the base, slightly tinged with rufous; thorax as wide at base as apex, the hind angles very obtuse and rounded ; elytra about one-half wider than the thorax ; legs pale. Length .09 inch . -bradycelliaus n.sp. 27. T. niordav Lee. — Form elongate, depressed. Color pale testaceous, shining. Head large, as wide as the thorax at apex; frontal grooves distinct, extending posteriorly behind the middle of the eye; eyes moderate, somewhat TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, 1900. 220 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. flattened; an ten nee about one-balf as long as the body, testaceous ; palpi testa- ceous. Prothorax subquadrate, nearly one-half wider than long, distinctly nar- rower at base than apex; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior distinct; median line fine, abbreviated at each end; basal impres- sions small, moderately deep; base truncate; sides with the margin narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra scarcely wider than the thorax, subparallel, with the first, second and third striae feebly impressed or nearly obsolete, the recurved portion of the sutural slightly oblique and very strongly hooked at tip; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second at the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria. Body beneath and legs testaceous. Length . 08-. 10 inch ; 2-2.5 mm. Distinct from the others of the group hy the smaller and less prominent eyes. Tt was described by LeConte from the Valley of the Colorado River. Other specimens have been seen from California, Arizona and Salt Lake Valley, Utah. 28. T. virgO Lee. Form elongate, depressed. Head piceous or nearly black, prothorax piceous or rufopiceous, elytra very pale testaceous, with the suture and an ill-defined discal spot more or less infuscate. Head large, scarcely narrower than the thorax ; frontal grooves extending posteriorly to the middle of the eye; eyes large, prominent ; antenme scarcely one-half as long as the body, testaceous, the outer joints slightly fuscous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax slightly wider than long, narrower at base than apex, subquadrate; apex truncate; median line very fine, abbreviated at each end ; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the poste- rior distinct; basal impressions very small ; base truncate; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, slight I y rounded in front, sinuate behind; hind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra slightly wider than the thorax, elongate, sub- parallel, very finely striate, the two inner stria; deeper, the third and fourth nearly obsolete, the other dorsal st rue wanting; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second at tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria ; intervals nearly flat. Body beneath piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .09-.10 inch ; 2.25 2.5 mm. Resembles most closely pallidus Chaud., but the thorax is more narrowed behind and the color of the head and thorax darker. The form is also more elongate, the thorax longer as compared with its width and the elytra narrower as compared with the thorax. Known to me only from California. 29. T. pallidus Chaud. — Form elongate, depressed. Color pale yellowish- testaceous, the head and thorax slightly darker than the elytra, the latter more or less translucent. Head as wide as the thorax at apex; frontal grooves not deeply impressed, extending posteriorly to the middle, of the eye ; eyes large and prominent; antenme less than one-half the length of the body, testaceous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax about one-half wider than long, subquadrate, slightly narrower at base than apex; apex nearly truncate . ; anterior transverse impres- sion obsolete or nearly so; median line very fiue, abbreviated at each end ; poste- ROLAND HAYWARD. 221 rior transverse impression distinct ; basal impressions small, distinct ; base trun- cate; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind, distinctly sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are rectangular, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, subparallel, slightly wider than the thorax, very finely striate; tiie two inner striae usually deeper, the third and fourth feeble, the outer obsolete ; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second at the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria; intervals Hat. Head and thorax beneath rufo testaceous, the abdomen piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .09-. 11 inch ; 2.25-2.75 mm. This .species bears a close resemblance in general facies to T. mor- (h.r Lea, but may 1kj, distinguished by its larger and more promi- nent eyes, and by the thorax less narrowed behind. Described by Chaudoir from Texas. It is known to me from several localities in that State, and also from numerous points along the coast of New Jersey. 30. T. occultator Casey. — Form moderately elongate, subdepressed. Color var.ving from lufo-ferrugi neons to piceous, shining, the elytra usually slightly darker than the thorax, and often with a subhumeral blotch and a smaller sub- marginal spot about one-third from apex paler, the spots usually ill defined ; inflexed portion of the elytra paler. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; frontal grooves distinct, extending backward behind the middle of the eye; eyes large, prominent; antenna? scarcely one-half as long as the body, piceous, the three basal joints paler; palpi rufous. Prothorax very slightly narrower at base than apex, about one-half wider than long, subquadrate; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior distinct, finely punctulate; median Hue very fine or nearly obsolete, abbreviated at each end ; basal impressions small, deep; base truncate; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, more widely towards the basal angles, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles rectangular, not carinate. Elytra about one-half wider than the thorax, oblong- ovate, with a sutural and two or three dorsal stria? ; striae impunctate, the sutural deeper, the others abbreviated at eacli end and becoming finer externally; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second at the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria; intervals flat. Body beneath piceous or rufopiceous, the head and thorax usually somewhat paler. Legs testaceous. Length .09-.12 inch: 2.25 3 mm. This species is subject to considerable variation in color. Captain Casey's type was evidently, from his description, slightly immature. Most specimens from the more northern portions of its range have the elytra unicolorous, rarely with faint traces of the paler markings noted above. These are usually well marked in examples from Florida, while in those known to me from Texas the two spots are united. Two specimens from Florida have the head and thorax rufo-ferrugineous and the elytra piceous, but all these forms are con- nected by intergrades in the series before me. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, i!»00. 222 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA It is known to me from various localities along the coast from New Jersey to Florida, and from -Brownsville and Pt. Isabel, Texas (Wickham). 31. T. vi I tiger Lee. (Plate VI, fig. 7). — Form elongate, depressed. Color dark piceous or black, shining, the elytra, in typical examples, with a pale Longitudinal vitta, which extends from near the humerus almost to apex, and is usually suddenly narrowed about one-fourth from base, in others reduced to a subhumeral spot or even entirely wanting, while in the form marginellus the vitta is very broad, extending from the third stria nearly to the margin. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; frontal grooves distinct, extending posteriorly to the middle of the eye; eyes large, prominent: antennae less than one-half the length of the body, fuscous, the basal joints paler; palpi rufous, darker towards the tip. Prothorax subquadrate, rather more than one-half wider than long, slightly nar- rower at base than apex ; apex truncate: anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior deep, finely punctulate ; median line distinct, abbreviated before and behind ; basal impressions small, deep ; base truncate; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate, sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are rectangular and not carinate. Elytra slightly wider than the thorax, elongate, subparallel; strife im punctate, the sutural deep, second and third very fine, the latter often nearly obsolete, fourth rarely discernable; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second at the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria; intervals flat. Body beiieath nearly black, shining. Legs yellowish tes- taceous. Length .09-. 12 inch ; 2.25-3 mm. As indicated above, this species varies greatly in color, the form described as marginellus by LeConte being at first sight very dis- tinct from that in which the elytral vitta is entirely wanting, but in a large series all intergrades occur. It resembles quite closely T. corax, the two being very often con- fused in collections. From the latter species it may be distinguished by the thorax squarely truncate at base, with the sides sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are rectangular. The second dorsal puncture of the elytra is always situated at the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria, not between it and the apex as in corax. It occurs along the Pacific Coast from California to Vancouver Island. The form marginellus was described by LeConte from the Valley of the Colorado River, about thirty miles from the sea. 32. T. corax Lee. — Form depressed. Color black or dark piceous, shining, the elytra sometimes with a pale longitudinal vitta, usually less clearly defined than in vittiger, very finely or scarcely perceptibly alutaceous. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; frontal grooves distinct, extending posteriorly as far as the middle of the eye; eyes large, prominent; antennse less than one-half the length of the body, piceous, the basal joints somewhat paler; palpi piceous. Prothorax about one-half wider than long, very slightly narrower at base than apex; apex truncate ; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior distinct, close to ROLAND HAYWARD. 223 the base; median line fine, abbreviated at each end; basal impressions small, deep; base truncate, slightly obliquely so each side; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind ; hind angles obtuse, hut not rounded, not carinate. Elytra wider than the thorax, oblong-ovate, with a sutural and two or three dorsal stria? very fine, inipunctate, the former deeper towards the apex, with the recurved portion strongly hooked at tip, the third and fourth usually very feebly impressed or nearly obsolete; first dorsal punc- ture near the middle, the second slightly behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria; intervals flat. Body beneath dark piceous or black. Legs with the femora varying from more or less piceous to nearly black, the tibiae and tarsi paler. Length .08-. 10 inch ; 2-2.5 mm. It is very closely allied to the preceding, and the two species ex- hibit nearly parallel series of color variations. Examples of corax with the elytra longitudinally vittate have the vitta less clearly de- fined than in typical specimens of vittiger. As in the latter species examples occur with a subhumeral and subapical spot or even only a subhumeral spot pale, so that the black and vittate forms are con- nected by intergrades. The latter seems confined to the more eastern portions of its range. Nearly similar varitions in color are also to be seen in occultator. From vittiger it may be recognized by the thorax slightly obliquely truncate each side at base, with the sides oblique, not sinuate behind and the hind angles obtuse, as well as by the color of the legs. The latter character, together with its less elongate form, with the thorax less narrowed behind, seems sufficient to separate it from misellm. It occurs in Upper and Lower California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Montana, Colorado, Nebraska and Texas. A specimen from Colorado in Mr. Ulke's collection was taken at an altitude of 10,000 ft. 33. T. miselllis Laf. — Form slender, elongate, slightly depressed. Color nearly hlack, shining. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; frontal grooves dis- tinct, extending posteriorly to the middle of the eyes, which are large and prominent; antenna? less than one-half as long as the body, piceous, the basal joints testaceous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax subquadrate. nearly twice as wide as long, distinctly narrower at base than apex; apex truncate; anterior trans- verse impression obsolete, the posterior feebly marked ; median line scarcely evi- dent; basal impressions small; base truncate, slightly obliquely so eacJi side; sides with the margin narrowly reflexed, arcuate, sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are subrectangular, not carinate. Elytra scarcely wider than the thorax, subparallel ; sutural and second stria very fine, the third nearly obso- lete; first dorsal puncture scarcely in front of the middle, the second slightly behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria. Legs yellowish tes- taceous. Length .09 inch ; 2.25 mm. Most nearly allied to corax, which it closely resembles, but from TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, 1900. 224 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA which it (litters by the thorax more narrowed behind, its more slen- der form, and the entirely pale legs. The only specimen known to me is so mounted that the greater part of the under side is invisible. Described from one rather mutilated example in the LeConte collection, received presumably from Chaudoir, but without locality label. The species was described by Laferte from Texas. 34. T. bradycf llimis n. sp. — Form broad, subdepressed. Color piceous. shining, the elytra with the sutural region, especially towards the base, tinged with rufous, the paler color not clearly defined. Head as wide as the thorax at apex; frontal grooves distinct, extending behind the middle of the eye; eyes large and prominent; antennae nearly one-half the length of the body, rufotes- taeeous; palpi rufotestaceous. Prothorax as wide at base as apex, subquadrate, rather more than one-half wider than long; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression obsolete, the posterior deep ; median line fine, abbreviated before and behind; basal impressions small, deep; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin narrowly refiexed, feebly arcuate in front, slightly oblique behind ; hind angles very obtuse and rounded, not (-annate. Elytra about one- half wider than the thorax, oblong-ovate, with four dorsal stria', the two inner deeper, the third and fourth nearly obsolete; sutural stria deeper behind : stria- impunctate; first dorsal puncture about the middle, the second behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria. Body beneath piceous, the thorax and indexed portion of the elytra tinged witli rufous. Legs testaceous. Length .09 inch ; 2.25 mm. Described from an unique, which I owe to the generositv of my friend, Mr. F. C. Bowditch. The resemblance to a small Bradycel- lus, in miniature, is quite marked. The type, which is a male, is from Louisiana. Group IX. proximus. Form usually more or less depressed, rarely slightly convex. Head not inserted in the thorax to the eyes ; men turn with two large, forameniform punctures behind the tooth ; antenna1 with tin- second and third joints subequal or nearly so, the second joint some- times very slightly longer than the third; frontal grooves distinct, extending posteriorly at least as far as the middle of the eye. Pro- thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent. Elytra rounded at tip, with the first dorsal puncture on the fourth interval in front of the middle, the second near the apex enclosed within the recurved portion of the sutural stria, which is nearly parallel to the suture and is hooked at tip; marginal stria broadly interrupted at middle, the apical portion distinct, the basal usually obsolete or nearly so and represented by punctures. ROLAND HAYWARD. '_''2> The species of this group divide themselves naturally into two series based upon the number of dilated tarsal joints in the males. In the first the two basal joints of the anterior tarsi are slightly dilated; in the second the first joint only. This is shown on Plate VI, figs. 15 and 16 Figure 1<>, however, represents the tarsus of T. corruscus, in which the inner angle of the dilated basal joint is more prolonged than in the other species. It is greatly to be regretted that I have been obliged to derive the character for the primary division of the group from the secondary sexual characters of the male, more especially as specimens of that sex are much rarer than the females in the majority of our species. The essential character separating the present from the preceding group is derived from the position of the dorsal punctures of the elytra. In the species herein contained the first of these is situated on the fourth interval, the second within the recurved portion of the sutural stria not far from its tip. In the eighth group their position is very different, the first being placed on the third stria, while the second is situated either at or slightly behind the tip of the recurved portion of the sutural stria, but never enclosed within it. This is shown on Plate VI, figs. 7 and 8. In specimens in which the third and fourth striae are obsolete the position of the second puncture will indicate to which group the species should be referred. I regard this as the most difficult group of the genus for study. Several species resemble each other very closely, while some are very variable, especially in color, the extreme forms bearing a greater resemblance to species separated by good structural characters than to other varieties which can be connected with them by a perfect series of intergrades The following table is the best that I have been able to devise for the separation of our species. One of these, T. sequax, is not included therein, the male being unknown to me, but a description of the species is given below. Reference should be made in all cases to the descriptions, which follow in what seems to be the best order for cabi net arrangement. Males with the first two joints of the anterior tarsi dilated 2. Males with only the basal joint of the anterior tarsi dilated 5. 2. Elytra nearly oval, sides strongly arcuate ; form slightly convex 3. Elytra oblong-oval ; form more or less depressed 4. 3. Large species; piceous or nearly black, the elytra finely alutaceous with more or less silken lustre; sides of thorax oblique behind, hind angles very obtuse, nearly obsolete. Length .12 . 13 inch albipes Lee. TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (29) MAKCH, 1900. 226 AMERTCAN COLEOPTERA. Smaller; head and thorax brownish, elytra darker, shining: sides of thorax oblique behind, at most feebly sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are obtuse, but slightly prominent. Length .09-. 10 inch. ventricosus Lee. 4. Elongate; head and thorax piceous or rufo-pieeous, the latter rarely paler, elytra testaceous, usually with an ill-defined discal cloud behind the middle; thorax about one-half wider than long, sides more or less sinuate behind, hind angles subrectangular ; elytra usually with the two inner stria? distinct, the others feeble or nearly obsolete. Length .11-. 13 inch proximus Say. Broader; testaceous; thorax twice as wide as long, sides not sinuate behind, hind angles obtuse, slightly rounded ; elytra more than one-half wider than the thorax. Length .12 inch hit ipemiis n. sp. 5. Males with the basal joint of the anterior tarsi normally dilated 6. Males with the inner angle of the dilated basal joint of the anterior tarsi pro- longed in a spiniform process 9. 6. Prothorax as wide at base as apex 7. Prothorax narrower at base than apex 8. 7. Form nearly as in proximus: color usually more reddish, the discal cloud bet- ter defined and extending to the sides; thorax rarely darker than the elytra, nearly twice as wide as long, sides at most obsoletelv sinuate behind, hind angles obtuse; elytra usually more deeply striate. Length .10-.12 inch scitulus Lee. Smaller; testaceous, the head and sometimes the elytra darker; thorax nearly twice as wide as long, sides not sinuate behind. Length .07.09 inch. vorav Lee. Elongate; testaceous, the elytra often with faint, ill-defined discal cloud or rarely rufo-pieeous ; thorax about one-half wider than long, sides sinu- ate behind, hind angles obtuse. Length .07-.09 inch. puiiiiliiM Dej. 8. Slender; piceous or nearly black ; sides of thorax distinctly sinuate behind, hiud angles obtuse, but slightly prominent; elytra with at least the two inner stria} distinct. Length .07-. 08 inch edax Lee. Head piceous, thorax yellow, elytra brownish, the latter subopaque; sides of thorax oblique behind; hind angles obtuse; elytra with the sutural stria only distinct. Length .09 .10 inch coluiiibieiisis n. sp. 9. Moderately elongate, subdepressed ; color varying from piceous to dark rufo- testaceous; thorax one-half wider than long, as wide at base as apex, sides at most obsoletely sinuate behind, hind angles obtuse. Length .09-. 11 inch corruscus Lee. 35. T. albipes Lee. —Form elongate, very slightly convex. Color piceous or nearly black, shining, the elytra alutaeeous, usually slightly iridescent, with more or less silken lustre. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large and prominent; antenna? nearly one-half the length of the body, fuscous; palpi rufous. Prothorax subquadrate, as wide at base as apex, nearly twice as wide as long; apex nearly truncate ; anterior transverse impression nearly obsolete, the posterior deep; median line fine, abbreviated at each end; basal impressions small ; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin narrowly re- flexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind ; bind angles very obtuse, nearly obliter- ated, not carinate. Elytra nearly oval, about one-half wider than the thorax. ROLAND HAYWARD. 227 with a sutural and two or three dorsal striae, the sutural deeper behind, the outer ones feeble or uearly obsolete: first dorsal puncture about one-third from base. the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .12 13 inch : 3-3 25 nun. In the males the first two joints of the anterior tarsi are dilated. Most closely allied to ventricosus, but abundantly distinct by the characters given above. The silken lustre on the elytra is very marked in most examples seen, and is apparently due to their being finely alutaceous. It seems to be confined to the extreme southern portions of the country, being known to me only from Florida and Louisiana. 36. T. ventricosus Lee. — Form slightly convex. Head and thorax brown. slightly reddish, the elytra darker ; surface shining. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large and prominent; antennas about one-half as long as the body, fuscous, slightly paler at each end; palpi rufo-testaceous. Prothorax subquad- rate, about one-half wider than long, slightly narrower at base than apex ; apex truncate: median line fine, extending between the transverse impressions, which are distinct, the posterior deeper; basal impressions small; base truncate, obliquely so each side ; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind, rarely very feebly sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are obtuse, but not rounded, not carinate. Elytra nearly oval, about one- half wider than the thorax, the sutural stria deeper behind, the second moder- ately distinct, the others nearly effaced ; strise impunctate; dorsal punctures dis- tinct, the first about one-third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Head and thorax beneath reddish brown, the abdomen more or less piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .09. 10 inch ; 2.25-2.5 mm. The first two joints of the anterior tarsi are dilated in the males. Smaller and more robust than the preceding. The color is also different, and no trace is visible of the silken lustre so marked in albipes. The hind angles of the thorax are somewhat prominent, although obtuse. On the whole it is one of the best defined species of the group. T. oopterus Chaud. is synonymous with this species. Like the preceding it is confined to the extreme Southern States. It occurs in Louisiana and Florida. 37. T. latipeimis n. sp. — Form broad, depressed. Color rufo-testaceous. shining, thorax slightly paler. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large and prominent; antennas less than one-half as long as the body, testaceous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax twice as wide as long, as wide at base as apex, subquadrate ; apex truncate; median line fine, extending between the transverse impressions, the anterior of which is nearly obsolete, the posterior distinct ; basal impressions small ; base truncate, obliquely so each side : sides with the margin very narrow ly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind; hind angles very obtuse, slightly rounded, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, more than one-half wider than the TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, 1900. 228 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. thorax, finely alutaceous, with the first four strise discernahle. the two inner deeper, the third and fourth feebly impressed ; sutural stria deeper behind ; strife impunctate; dorsal punctures distinct, the first about one-third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath rufo-testaeeous. Legs testa- ceous. Length .12 inch ; 3 mm. The anterior tarsi have the first two joints distinctly dilated in the male. It is known to me by a single pair in the Horn collection. They were sent to Dr. Horn under the name "pallidus Chd.," but the different arrangement of the dorsal punctures forbids any associa- tion with that species. In facies it resembles most nearly vorax Lee, but is larger and broader, and differs also in the tarsal charac- ters of the male. The specimens above mentioned are from San Estaban, Lower California. 38. T. pro vim iim Say (Plate VI, fig. 8). — Form elongate, subdepressed. Head and thorax piceous, rarely tinged with rufous, the elytra testaceous, with an ill-defined discal cloud slightly behind the middle dusky ; surface shining, the elytra with more or less silken lustre. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large, prominent; antenna? nearly one-half the length of the body, pale fuscous, the basal joint testaceous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax subquadrate, as wide at base as apex, about one-half wider than long; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression nearly obsolete, the posterior deep ; median line distinct, abbreviated before and behind; basal impressions distinct; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles subrectangular, not carinate. Elytra oblong- oval, elongate, with the two or three inner stria: distinct, the others feeble or nearly obsolete, the sutural deeper behind ; first dorsal puncture about one-third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath piceous, the thorax slightly tinged with rufous. Legs testaceous. Length .11-. 13 inch; 2.75-3.25 mm. The males have the first two joints of the anterior tarsi dilated (Plate VI, fig. 15). Quite easily recognizable from all the other species of the group except scit a lus, which it resembles so closely that without both sexes at hand it is often very difficult to separate them. The essential difference between the two species is afforded by the tarsal charac- ters of the male. A few comparative differences may be enumera- ted, which are usually of assistance in identifying specimens. The thorax in proximus is longer as compared with its width, with the sides more or less sinuate behind, and, as a consequence, the hind angles are less obtuse and more prominent. The form is slightly more elongate and less depressed. In color the head and thorax ROLAND HAYWARD. 229 are usually darker than the elytra in the present species, while the discal cloud, which is usually to be seen on the elytra, is in most examples less defined and less transverse, rarely, if ever, attaining the margin. It occurs from the New England States southward to North Caro- lina and westward to Nebraska. 39. T. scitultis Lee— Form depressed, slightly elongate. Color rufo-testa- ceous. the head and rarely the thorax darker, the elytra with a more or less dis- tinct transverse hand behind the middle fuscous or piceous; surface shining, usually very finely alutaceous, especially the elytra. Head as wide as the thorax at apex; eyes large, prominent; antennae scarcely one-half the length of the body, fuscous, the basal joints paler ; palpi testaceous. Prothorax as wide at base as apex, subquadrate, nearly twice as wide as long; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression fine, the posterior deep; median line distinct, limited at each end by the transverse impressions; basal impressions distinct; base trun- cate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind, rarely obsoletely sinuate in front of the hind angles; hind angles obtuse, but not rounded, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, about one- half wider than the thorax, finely striate, usually with the four or five inner stripe distinct; striae impunctate, the sutural deeper behind, the second suben- tire; first dorsal puncture about one-third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath rufo-testaceous. Legs testaceous. Length .10-. 12 inch : 2.5-3 mm. The males are rare as compared with the females. In the former only the basal joint of the anterior tarsi is dilated. This species resembles proximus very closely, and is often confused with it in collections. Aside from the difference in the anterior tarsi of the males, the several distinguishing characters may be mentioned. The prothorax is proportionally wider as compared with its length, with the sides at most obsoletely sinuate behind and the hind angles more obtuse and less prominent. The form is slightly less elongate and more depressed, and the color usually more reddish, with the discal spot of the elytra better defined and more transverse and frequently extending to the margin. Its range of distribution is nearly the same. Specimens are known to me from Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl- vania, the District of Columbia, North Carolina, Indiana, Iowa, .Missouri, Kansas and Texas. 40. T. vorax Lee. — Moderately elongate, depressed. Color fusco-testaceous, the head and sometimes the elytra darker. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large, prominent; antennae about one-half as long as the body, testaceous, the outer joints slightly fuscous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax nearly twice as wide as long, subquadrate, as wide at base as apex: apex truncate: anterior TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, 1900. 230 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA transverse impression nearly obsolete, the posterior distinct; median line very fine, scarcely distinct, abbreviated at each end; basal impressions small: base truncate, slightly obliquely so each side ; sides with t lie margin narrowly reflex ed, arcuate in front, oblique behind ; bind angles obtuse, but not rounded, not cari- uate. Elytra about one-half wider than the thorax, oblong-ovate, with the two inner striae fine but distinct, the third and fourth nearly obsolete ; first dorsal puncture about two-fifths from base, tbe second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath fuscous. Legs pale yellowish testaceous. Length .07 .09 inch; 1.75- 2.25 mm. The first joint of the anterior tarsi is dilated in the males. Often confused with pumiltts, but distinguishable by the charac- ters above given. It occurs in California, extending eastward through Arizona and New Mexico to Texas. 41. T. pumilus Dej. — Form elongate, depressed. Color usually ferrugi- neous or rufo-testaceous, the head and often a very ill-defined discal cloud on t lie elytra or more rarely the entire elytra darker; surface shining. Head as wide as the thorax at apex; eyes moderately large and prominent; antenna; nearly one-half as long as the body, fuscous, the basal joints testaceous; palpi testaceous. Protborax suhquadrate, as wide at base as apex, about one-half wider tban long; apex truncate ; anterior transverse impression rather feeble, the posterior deep : median line distinct, extending between the transverse impressions; basal im- pressions small; base truncate, slightly obliquely so each side; sides with the margin very narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, oblique behind, slightly sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are slightly obtuse, but moderately prominent. not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, subparallel, slightly wider than the thorax, the number of strife variable, usually with the sutural and the two or three inner ones distinct, often obsoletely punctulate; dorsal punctures distinct, the first about one-third from base, the second about one-third from apex. Body beneath ferrugineous or rufo-piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .07. 09 inch ; 1.75-2.25 mm. Only the first joint of the anterior tarsi is dilated in the males. Resembles most nearly T. vorax. The form, however, is more elongate, with the sides of the thorax at least feebly sinuate behind and the hind angles consequently more prominent. Some variation is seen in the number and depth of the elytral striae and in the depth of the sin nation of the sides of the thorax. The color also varies as indicated above. It occurs in Louisiana and Texas. A few specimens, which seem referable to this species, have also been seen from Yuma, Cal. 42. T. edax Lee. — Form slender, elongate, depressed. Color piceous or nearly black, shining. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large, promi- nent; antennae scarcely one-half the length of the body, piceous, the basal joint paler; palpi fuscous. Protborax suhquadrate, about one-half wider than long, narrower at base than apex ; apex truncate; anterior transverse impression obso- ROLAND HAYWARD. 231 lete, the posterior deep; median line distinct, abbreviated before and behind; basal impressions distinct; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides with the margin narrowly reflexed, arcuate in front, sinuate behind ; hind angles slightly obtuse, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, slightly wider than the thorax, some- what variably striate, the two inner strife deeper, the outer usually obsolete or nearly so, more rarely with the third and even the fourth well marked ; striae impunctate; dorsal punctures rather large, the first about one-third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath piceous. Legs testaceous. Length .07-.09 inch ; 1.75-2.25 mm. In the males only the basal joint of the anterior tarsi is dilated. One of the best-marked species of the group. It occurs in California, Oregon, Nevada, Idaho and Utah. . 43. T. coliiiiibieusis n. sp. — Form elongate, depressed. Head piceous, thorax yellow, elytra reddish brown, the latter subopaque, with more or less silken lustre. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large and prominent; antennae about one-half as long as the body, fuscous, the basal joints yellowish testaceous; palpi yellowish testaceous. Prothorax subquadrate, narrower at base than apex, about one-half wider than long; apex truncate; transverse impres- sions distinct, the median line fine, extending between them; basal impressions very small ; base truncate, obliquely so each side; sides arcuate in front, oblique behind, the margin very narrowly reflexed ; hind angles obtuse, but not rounded, not carinate. Elytra oblong-ovate, subparallel, slightly wider than the thorax ; striae impunctate, the sutural distinct, deeper posteriorly, the second and third feeble or obsolete; dorsal punctures distinct, the first about one- third from base, the second about one-fifth from apex. Body beneath rufo-piceous, the thorax yellowish. Legs yellowish testaceous. Length .09-. 10 inch ; 2.25-2.5 mm. The first joint of the anterior tarsi is dilated in the male. The name above used is a manuscript one employed in both the LeConte and Zimmermann collections. It seems best to retain it, especially as many specimens have been distributed under that name by Dr. LeConte, and it also occasionally occurs in our literature. From corruseus, to which it seems most nearly allied, it may be distinguished by the thorax narrower at base than apex, and by the more oblong elytra, which are narrower as compared with the thorax. In the male the basal joint of the anterior tarsi is normally dilated, the inner angle not being prolonged in a spiniform process as in the latter species. It is known to me from South Carolina and Florida. 44. T. corruseus Lee. -Form subdepressed. Color varying from nearly black to piceous or more rarely dark rufo-testaceous, the elytra sometimes feebly iridescent. Head as wide as the thorax at apex ; eyes large, prominent; antennae scarcely one-half as long as the body, fuscous, the basal joint testaceous; palpi testaceous. Prothorax subquadrate. about one-half wider than long, as wide at base as apex ; apex truncate ; anterior transverse impression feeble or nearly ob- solete ; median line fine, abbreviated at each end ; posterior transverse impression TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MARCH, 1900. 232 AMERICAN COLEOPTERA SPECIES OF NEARCTIC NEUROPTEROID INSECTS. BY NATHAN BANKS. The following pages contain generic synopses of two families of Neuropteroid insects and descriptions of various new genera and species. Several species belong to genera not previously reported from our country, but well known in Europe. Although in some families of Trichoptera there are a considerable number of species common to this country and Europe, our Neuropteroid insects, as a whole, are rather sharply separated from the European fauna. In some large families like the Chrysopidse and Myrmeleonidse; there are no species common to the two continents. PSOCID.E. Psocus Oregon us n. sp. Head yellowish brown : antennae brown, slightly hairy; thorax black, a pale line each side of the median lobe uniting hehind : legs brownish yellow, darker at tips of femora and tibiae; wings glassy hyaline, with a faint tinge of amber, veins brown, that closing the cell white, cell about twice as broad at base as at tip, sometimes a few brown clouds near middle of wing; the pterostigma mar- gined with heavy veins and prominently brown ; hind wings hyaline, veins brownish. Length 3.5 mm. Ashland and Divide, Oregon ; Temino, Washington, September (A. P. Morse). Psocus virginianus n. sp. Black, wings uniform black, veins black, interrupted with white dots and around the margin interruptedly white ; hind tibia testaceous, black at tip, basal joint of all tarsi pale yellowish ; hind wings blackish hyaline; venation on usual plan, cell four sided, as broad at tip as at base; antenna? slender, not hairy. Length 3.5 mm. Falls Church, Virginia; August, September; living in crevices of old rails, posts, etc. Easily known by uniform black color and dotted veins. P*ocus barret! i n. sp. Head yellowish, nasus liueate with black, legs yellowish brown, paler below, darker on outside and at tips of femora and bases of tibiae, tarsi dark ; antenna- uearly black, with short hairs; thorax brown, blackish in front, a white line on each side of the median lobe, uniting behind ; wings hyaline, brown clouds along apical margin, and from its end a band obliquely across to the pterostigma TKANS. AM. KNT. BOO. XXVI. MAY, 1900 240 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA formed by a cloud in each cell, two clouds on anal margin near base, a black dot at base of the pterostigma, basal veins white, around pterostigma white, vein closing cell and base of the radial fork also white, otherwise the veins are black ; hind wings unmarked, veins black ; cell four sided, as wide at apex as at base. Length 7 mm. Districo Federal, Mexico (Barrett). PERLIDAE. It has long been recognized that the Perlidae could be divided into two groups by the presence or absence of caudal setae. This, I con- sider, a character of importance, yet hardly sufficient for subfamily distinction. As of equal value, I would rank the position of the anterior coxae. In an attempt to use the ventral structure for the discrimination of genera, I discovered that the genus Pteronarcys differs remarkably from all our other Perlidae in that the anterior coxae are approximate and directed downward, while in the other forms these coxae are well separated and directed outward. This character, in connection with the other peculiarities of the genus, warrant the erection of a tribe for it. The genus Capnia has long been recognized as a very distinct one. The most important char acter which distinguishes it (and allied genera) from Perla has not, I think, ever been mentioned ; it is in the fact that the radial sector is not furcate beyond the anastomosis. Despite the fact that in many respects the venation of the Perlidae is often variable, there are some points which appear fairly constant. The forking of the radial sector, and a point in regard to Perla (as restricted) hold true for all the specimens examined. These groups of Perlidae may be considered as tribes. They can be separated in tabular form as below : 1. Caudal setfe absent Nemourini. Caudal seta? present 2. 2. Eadial sector not furcate beyond anastomosis, veins rather heavy, small black species Capnini. Radial sector forked beyond anastomosis 3. 3. Anterior coxre directed downward and approximate; venation of wings often irregular Pteronarcini. Anterior coxee directed outward and well separated ; venation more regular, with fewer cross-veins Perlini. Our Pteronarcini include two genera, Pteronarcys and a new genus, Pteronareella, for the two small species of Pteronarcys (hud in and regularis) from the West. The latter genus is related to Dic- tyopterx of the Perlini. NATHAN BANKS. 241 1. Iu the fore wing the space between basal part of radial sector and median vein is free Pteronareella. This space shows complete or incomplete cross- veins and cells which indicate two rows Pfceronarcys. The Perlini is the most extensive tribe of the family, both in genera and species. At present I separate in our fauna eight genera. Several others will doubtless be erected as our knowledge of these forms progresses. 1. Apical space of fore wings with several transverse veinlets 2. Apical space of fore wings free or rarely with a few veinlets 3. 2. Space hetween radius and radial sector with transversals.. Dictyopleryx. Space between radius and radial sector free Acroneuria. 3. No folded anal space to hind wings, small pale species Isopteryx. Anal space present 4. 4. But two ocelli Pseudoperla. Three ocelli 5. 5. Radial sector with a fork at or even before the anastomosis, normally con- nected in some way with the cross-vein closing the cell ; larger species, not greenish Perla . Radial sector with the first fork plainly beyond the anastomosis, not connec- ted with the cross-vein closing the cell ... .6. 6. Radial sector four forked ; never greenish species, a pale median stripe on prothorax Iwogeuus. Radial sector less than four forked, rarely more than two; smaller species. -7. 7. Radial sector only once forked, if two, then greenish species, beyond end of subcosta usually but one transversal Cliloroperla. Radial sector usually at least two forked, if but once, then two transversals beyond end of subcosta in costal area and not greenish species. Perlinella. The Capnini embraces three genera in our fauna. In Europe there is another genus — Gapnopsis — which lacks the anal region to hind wings (present in all our forms). The South American Grip- hopieryx will probably fall in this tribe. 1. Apical submarginal space with transverse veinlets- C'apuui'a. Apical submarginal space without transverse veinlets 2. 2. Space beyond discal cell as long as discal cell Arsapnia. Space beyond discal cell shorter than discal cell Capiiia. Our Nemourini are grouped in three well-defined genera. This tribe shows much affinity to the Capnini, but lacks the distinctive character of the venation in many forms. The genitalia are often very complex. 1. Second joint of tarsus about as long as first Ta?niopteryx. Second joint of tarsus much shorter than the first 2. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (31) MAY, 1900. 242 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA •2. Veins of pterostigma forming an X- wings not involute Nemoiirn. Veins of pterostigma not forming an X, wings more or less involute; slender species L.enctra. PTEROKARCELLA n. gen. Similar to Pteronarcys, but much smaller and with rather nar- rower fore wings, which are furnished with fewer and more regular cross-veins; the space between the basal part of the radial sector and the median vein is free ; the radial sector but two forked (three or more in Pteronarcys) ; and near the margin the space between the median and cubitus shows normally but one row of cells (in Pteronarcys there are two rows). Type, P. regularis Hagen. 1*1 Itl I Mil \ n. gen Related to Perla. Two setae; anal space of hind wings present; three ocelli ; anterior coxse well separated ; radial sector one to three forked, the first beyond the anastomosis; beyond end of sub- costa several cross veins, no cross-veins in subapical area ; not green- ish species ; size rather small. Type, P. trivittata Banks. Acroneiiria pacifica n. sp. Head yellowish, with a blackish spot between the ocelli and each side extend- ing obliquely forward toward the bases of antennae., clypeus black, thorax dark brown, abdomen brown, more yellowish beneath, setae testaceous, wings uni- formly tinted with brown (darker than in A. abnormis), legs brown, yellowish at the kness. The prothorax is plainly narrowed behind, rather suddenly from the middle, rugose above, with a broad shallow furrow each side of the median suture (these furrows are broader than in the other species known to me, abnormis. arida and ruralis). The radial sector arises farther out thau in A. abnormis, and is furcate somewhat beyond the anastomosis, there are no cross-veins in the pos- terior apical part of the wings. The ventral plate of the female is rounded be- hind, almost angular in the middle, on each side is a transverse impression, and on the basal half is a median longitudinal ridge, on the apex is an almost square shining space, transversely striate. Length with wings 41 mm. Olympia, Washington [Trevor KincaidJ. Perla sabulosa n. sp. Head pale yellowish, a dark spot upon ocelli, antennae rather pale brown, pro- thorax dull yellowish, abdomen pale brownish, yellowish beneath, dark on the tip setae light brown, wings hyaline, scarcely smoky, legs pale testaceous, bases of tin- tibiae darker as also the tarsi. Prothorax hardly as broad as usual, slightly nar- rower behind, hind angles rounded, above rugose; wings reach beyond the setae. NATHAN BANKS. 243 four or five subcostal cross-veins before origin of tbe radial sector, the latter forked near anastomosis and twice beyond. The eighth ventral segment of the female is scarcely produced, but distinctly acutely emarginate in the middle, the ninth is darker colored, with a median ridge from near the middle of which, on each side, a ridge curves outward and to the hind margin, inclosing a semicircu- lar space; on each side of this segment is a large prominent pale spot; the tenth segment has an impressed spot each side at base. Length with wings 32 mm. Yakima, Washington (C. V. Piper). The pale spot on each side of the ventral surface of the penultimate segment separates this species from any others in our fauna. IVrhi americana n. sp. Head broader than prothorax, bright yellow, with a dull black trilobed spot- covering tbe ocelli, and some black in front, basal joint of antenna? black above, second entirely yellow, rest yellowish below at base, brownish elsewhere. Pro- thorax once and one-half broader thau long, broadest in front, sides straight, angles acute, a median smooth space, each side rugulose, entirely black ; legs yellow, above with black stripe and below on the femora. Meso- and metathorax black. Abdomen dull yellowish above: venter more clear, with a few black marks near tip; setse entirely black; ruentum and sternum black, coxse clear yellow. Roots of the wings and costal margins yellowish, rest nearly hyaline, veins black, the radial sector normally forked but once beyond the anastomosis and once at anastomosis. Ventral lobe of female produced in middle, narrow and rounded at tip. Length £> 25 mm. Falls Church, Va., June ; Michigan, June. Differs from P. tristis by larger size, pale costa of wings, more produced and narrower ventral lobe of the female. Dictyopteryx irregularis n. sp. Head pale reddish yellow, with a blackish stripe each side, passing through lateral ocelli, a black spot connects lateral ocelli to the mediau one and passes forward each side of clypeus. Antennae yellowish brown. Prothorax yellow- brown, the elevations blackish. Legs pale, black on femora just before tip and on bases of tibiie. Abdomen brown ; se tie brownish ; wings smoky. Head hardly as broad as prothorax, latter rather longer than in D. signata, sides straight, an- gles acute, somewhat rugose on the sides, smooth in middle. Wings with many cross-veins, very irregular, a few project from radial sector into the cell, and sometimes connect to radius, none, however, in the posterior apical space, very few in the basal costal space, sometimes free till near middle, radial sector arising well toward base; setse reach beyond end of wings, joints slender ; ventral plate of female longer than broad, rounded at tip, and narrowly but deeply emarginate Length with wings 30 mm. Mt. Ranier, Washington (C. V. Piper). Readily separated from D. sigimfn by larger size, markings of head and thorax, irregular venation and shape of ventral plate of the female. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900. 244 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA. Chloroperla miiiuta n. sp. Black, bases of antennae yellowish, especially below, a small pale spot on mid- file of hind margin of the head, an indistinct pale median stripe on prothorax, hind tibiae brownish yellow; setae yellowish, of twelve to fourteen joints; wings snbfumose, pale yellowish along the costal area, veins black, not heavy, a fork near apical part of radial sector. Disk of prothorax finely rugulose each side. Length 5 mm, Columbus and Medina, Ohio, May and June (J. S. Hine). This, at first sight, looks like a Captiia, but the forked radial sec- tor, the finer veins, the shorter hind tarsi and the pale spots on the head, prothorax and bases of antenna? are characters foreign to Oapnia. This is the smallest species of the genus Chloroperla, but agrees with the other species in all essential characters. Twniopteryx pacifica n. sp. Head dull black; antenna? brown ; prothorax dull black, anterior margin, and usually the lateral margins narrowly reddish, base of mesothorax reddish, rest of body black; legs yellow-brown, knees rather darker. Wings dull hyaline, without marks, or an indistinct cloud near the middle, hind pair hyaline, veins brown. Prothorax rather broader than long, a transverse sulcus in front, on the disk are scattered small flat tubercles or scars; second joint of tarsi as long as first, tips of tibiae with a pair of minute spines; ventral plate of the female is nearly semicircular. Wings long, slender, subcostal with several cross-veins to margin near tip, and a few near base, radial sector with but one fork beyond the anastomosis, the vein from the discal cell arises near the radial sector, pterostig- matic region long, with but one cross-vein. Length to tip of wings 12 mm. Pullman, Washington, April (C. V. Piper, R. W. Doane). Treniopteryx occidentalism n. sp. Head dull black, antennae dark brown; prothorax dull black, with anterior margin narrowly reddish, rest of body black ; legs brown, darker on the femora; wings hyaline, with dark irregular narrow bands, one at apex, one slightly before it, one from the pterostigma, and a broader one toward base, also a basal spot; veins brown, hind wings unmarked. Prothorax rather longer than broad, equally broad in front and behind, near the front with a distinct transverse sul- cus, on the disk without scars or sculpture ; second joint of tarsus nearly as long as first; two small spines at tips of all tibia1; female ventral plate large, as long as broad, narrow and rounded at tip. Wings hardly as long as usual, radial sec- tor two-branched beyond the anastomosis, subcosta with three or four short cross- veins to the margin near tip of wing, pterostigma with two stout cross-veins. Length to tip of wing 13 mm. Ml. Barrier, Washington (C. V. Piper). NeuisMii'.'i stigmata n. sp. Head black, antenna? yellowish brown : legs yellowish, black on apex of femur and base of tibia; prothorax yellow-brown : abdomen black, genitalia yellowish NATHAN BANKS. 245 brown ; wings pale, veins brown, above and beyond tbe oblique vein, which forms the X, is a brown spot, a similar spot in the hind wings, the apex of wing in the vicinity of radius is clouded with brown. Prothorax once and one-half broader than long, broadest behind, a median furrow and a ridge each side, scarcely rugulose on sides, margin straight; a small spine at apex of tibia; wings elongate, the radial sector arises quite close to the base, not forked beyond anas- tomosis, the subcosta running into the oblique cross-vein, the oblique vein above radius, which forms the X, is situate some distance beyond the basal cross-vein. Male with a spine below before tip, genitalia extremely complex and very prominent. Length 15 mm. Winnipeg, British America, June (Received from Dr. J. B. Smith). €AI»NITRA n. gen. With setae; anal space to hind wings present; veins not very heavy; space beyond discal cell long; discal cell giving off two sectors; second tarsal joint short; anterior coxae well separated. The space between the radius and radial sector beyond the anasto- mosis is traversed by two or three irregular cross-veins; no such arrangement exists in any of the allied genera. < apnura venosa n. sp. Black; wings infuscate, veins black; tibia slightly paler than the rest of leg; vertex with a small median depression above the ocelli ; antenna? about one-half the length of the body, basal joint rather large but short; wings slender, fully twice as long as the abdomen, median space with but one transverse veinlet: setas with about fifteen joints. Length 9-10 mm. Pullman, Washington, April (R. W. Doaue). EPHEMERIDJE. The classification of the may-flies has long been extremely diffi- cult, and there is no prospect that it will ever be very easy. The groups of Cwnis and Bcetis are undoubtedly very distinct ; the former is probably related to Polymitarcys. This latter genus, by the number of veins between veins 8 and 9,* differs greatly from all others; it appears to be one of the most primitive genera, The genus Baitisca is peculiar among all may-flies by the course of veins 9 and 9 l, therefore, I think, merits to stand alone. Blasturus falls as a synonym of Leptophlebia, as the slight difference between the * I use 8 for the anal, and 9 for the 1st axillary, 9" for second axillary, and 6 for the prsebranchial, exactly as given by Eaton. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900 241) AMERICAN NEUROPTERA. length of the median seta is not of generic importance. Heptagenia agrees with Leptophlebia in having the veins between 8 and 9 inter- calary, therefore, I have grouped the genera together. The tabu- lated differences appear considerable; but the hind tarsus of Lepto- phlebia nearly always shows traces of a basal joint, the number of setae is at most of generic value; the difference in position of the eves holds only for the male. Therefore, I believe that these two genera are more closely related to each other than either is to any other genus in our fauna. The remaining genera, the Ephemera and Siphlurus groups, offer but few important venational distinc- tions; a combination of certain minor characters serve to distinguish the two groups. E/phemt rella 1 place with Siphlurus, as in the latter some species have some costal cross-veins indistinct. 1 consider these groups as of tribal value and tabulate them as below: 1. Hind wings very small or absent, when present over twice as long as broad, with only two or three longitudinal veins, fore wings broad at base, vein 6 simple or the wins ciliated (imago), small species • >. Hind wings always present, if small, about as broad as long, many-veined. fore wings narrower at base, broadening beyond, vein 6 always forked. wing never ciliated imago) 2. •J. Veins 9 and 9 l parallel to anal margin and ending in outer margin, ruesono- tum very large, eyes of % contiguous, two setae Bsetiscini. Veins 9 and 9 ' ending in anal margin, not parallel to it, mesonotum not so large. '■$■ 3. Between Sand 9 four long longitudinal veins subparallel to S, furnished with many cross-veins, wings white, eyes of £, separate. £, two seta?, J three setie. usually no cross-vein basad of the intercalary between forks of 6 Polymitarcini. Between 8 and 9 at most only two longitudinal veins, not very long, nor suit- parallel to 8, and with few. if any. cross-veins, wings not white-. • -4. 4. Between 8 and 9 the veins mostly intercalary, no series of cross-veins from 91 to margin, 9 is usually connected to branches of 8 (except in very small species) Leptophlebini. Between 8 and 9 the veins are mostly branches of 8; 9 is usually not connec- ted to branches of 8 5. 5. No cross-vein basad of the intercalary between forks of 6, 9 not connected to branches of 8. no series of cross-veins from 9' to the margin, eyes of % contiguous, basal costal cross-veins often few. indistinct or incom- plete Siphlurini. Often a cross-vein basad of the intercalary between forks of 6; a series of veinlets from 9' to the margin, when not. then 9 connected to branches of 8; many basal costal cross-veins, all distinct, eyes of % separate Ephemerini. NATHAN BANKS. 247 6. Vein 6 simple, some apical short intercalary veins, margin not ciliated, eyes of % turbinate Bsetini. Vein 6 forked, no apical short intercalary veins, margin ciliated, eyes of male not turbinate, widely separate, but two wings Csenini. The Baetiscini includes only one genus, Bcetisca. The genus is remarkable on several accounts, which justify the tribe for it. It is, I think, most nearly allied to Heptagenia. The Leptophebini includes two genera in our fauna, which are separated as follows : Hind wings more or less angulate on costa near base; costal cross-veins usually not very irregular at outer costal curve ; two setae ; eyes of % separate ; hind tarsi 5-jointed Heptagenia. Hind wings not angulate on costa near base; costal cross-veins at outer costal curve more numerous, curved and irregular; seta? three; eyes of % contiguous, hind tarsi 4-jointed Leptophlebia . The Siphlurini also embraces two genera in our fauna ; possibly Siphlurus can be divided on good characters, but I do not think those previously used are of generic value. Basal costal cross-veins none or extremely indistinct; three setae. Ephemerella. Basal costal cross-veins distinct, at least some of them ; but two setae. Siphlurus. ■ The Ephemerini are represented by three genera, which can be separated as follows : 1. A series of basal cross-veins from 9 ' to anal margin, vein 9 rarely connected to branches of 8 2. No series of basal cross-veins from 9 ' to margin, at most two or three, vein 9 usually connected to branches of 8; three setae, but the median one in % is very rudimentary Peutagen ia. 2. Three suhequal seta? ; wings often maculate Ephemera . But two setae, the median very rudimentary, wings not maculate. Hexagenia. The Polymitarcini includes only the genus Polymitarcys in our country. The European Jolia probably belongs to the tribe. The Csenini includes in our country only Comix, other genera are known in Asia. The Bsetini embraces four genera, separable as follows : 1 With but two wings ( la im With four wings 2. 2. No basal costal cross-veins 3. Basal costal cross-veins distinct < a 1 1 i l»a- 1 i s. 3. Short apical intercalary veins in pairs Ba?l i*. Short apical intercalary veins single O'eiif ropt iliiin. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900. 248 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA Lc ptophlebia basalis n. sp. Dark brown ; abdomen dark red-brown ; legs pale, with a brown spot on mid- dle and at tips of femora; setse pale, annulate with brown ; wings hyaline, roots dark brown, sometimes infuscate with reddish for a short distance, and also on basal half of hind wing; veiulets in costal area to bulla are weak and indistinct, but few cross-veinlets in middle of wing, no short iutercalaries along the apical margin; hind wing small, hut about as broad as long, costal margin swollen on middle, but not angulate; male has anterior femora brown. Length 4 mm. ; expanse 11 mm. Sherbrooke, Canada, July ; Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, September. Readily known by the brown roots of the wings. C ALXIB.ETIS. The females of our species of this genus can be separated by the following table : 1. Hind portion of fore wing destitute of cross-veins, but one posterior row of them, only about 15 to 25 cross-veins in wing beyond the vittii 2. Hind portion of fore- wing with cross-veins, at least two posterior rows of them, about 35 to 50 cross-veins in wing beyond vittn 6. 2. Wing with faint clouds at ends of veins, the vitta has several projections back- ward, markings dark brown undatns. No markings except the vittn 3. 3. Basal costal space hyaline, middle cross-veins brown 4. Basal costal space included in the vittii 5. 4. Costa marked with dark spots ; legs pale; hind edge of vitta with very small if any indentations montaiiUS. Costa pale ; femora plainly dotted with brown ; hind edge of vitta with several distinct indentation floridauus. .">. Middle cross-veins white ; vitta widely indented behind; spots along margin large; vitta dark brown ; femora plainly marked with brown. call for nicu». .Middle cross-veins brown; vitta narrowly indented behind; spots along mar- gin smaller; femora barely, if any, marked with brown. . flnclaiiM. li. Winy witli several brownish clouds, many fuscous marks along the veins. tessellatns. No clouds ; only the costal vitta 7. 7. Vitta broadly interrupted so as to be three barely connected spots; dark brown in color coloradeaixis. Vitta not so interrupted 8. 8. Vitta pale ferruginous, seta? and femora unmarked, large species.. .pallidas. Vitta brown, seta? and femora usually marked with brown 1). 9. Body pale reddish brown ; legs pale, only slightly marked with brown ; vitta does not extend back farther in second lobe than elsewhere. ferrnginens. Body dark brown; legs more or less marked with fuscous; vitta extends back farther in second lobe than elsewhere amei'i< an n*. NATHAN BANKS. 249 C'allibietiw iiioiitaniis Eaton. Eaton, Eiv. Mon. Epheraer., p. 196 (1884). Yellowish brown, dorsum darker; femora scarcely marked, tarsi and setse hardly annulate. ; basal costal region hyaline; the costa is, however, interrupt- edly white and brown; vitta pale brownish, broader at base, hind edge, regular, with only a few indistinct and narrow indentations; cross-veins brown, about twenty -two beyond vitta, only one posterior series; vitta has only a few small spots on the basal part. Length 8 mm.; expanse 19 mm. Near Tacubaya, D. F., Mexico (O. W. Barrett). Central America (Eaton). 4 'allibaetis floridanus n. sp. Body uniform ferruginous; femora thickly dotted with brown, tips of tarsal joints brown; setae pale, narrowly annulate with brown; costa of wings un- marked, basal costal region hyaline, vitta pale brownish, broader at base, with about seven or eight small narrow indentations on hind edge, otherwise the edge is very regular, cross-veins in middle of wing brownish, about twenty cross-veins beyond vitta, only one posterior series. Length 6 mm. ; expanse 15 mm. Biscayne Bay, Florida (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). < 'alliba'tis fliicl nan* Walsh. Walsh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 379. Brown ; femora faintly dotted with brown ; tips of tarsal joints brown ; setae narrowly annulate with brown ; vitta of wing yellowish brown, including the basal costal space, broader at base, with only two or three small indentations on hind edge, all beyond the middle, many spots in costal region, about eighteen cross-veins beyond vitta, all brown, only one posterior series. Length 7 mm. ; expanse 15.5 mm. Washington, D. C. ; Illinois (Walsh). Eaton has placed this as a synonym of C. ferruginea, but they are very different and in different sections of the genus. 4 :illil»alix <-;i I i fori! M'US n. sp. Brown; femora plainly and thickly dotted with brown; tarsal joints tipped with brown; setae narrowly annulate with brown; vitta of wing dark brown, including the basal costal space, with about eight or ten indentations on hind edge, those on basal part quite wide; costal area to beyond middle much marked with pale, not round spots, but short bands from vein to costa; about twenty-two cross-veins beyond vitta, those of middle plainly snow-white, only one posterior series of cross-veins. Length 6 mm. : expanse 15 mm. Southern California (A. P. Morse). Callibretis unclatus Pict. Pictet, Ephemer., p. 264 (1845). C. pictu8 Eaton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1871, p. 122. Brown ; femora thickly spotted with brown, tarsi brown, and usually a spot on TKANS. AM. ENT. HOC. XXVI. (32) MAY. 1900. 250 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA tibiae; seta1 annulate with brown, rather broadly at base; vitta of wing much broken up into spots, three larger than others, basal costal space hyaline, but along the costa are scattered brown dots; on apical part of wing and along outer margin are many more, or less distinct clouds, usually around veins; about twenty-two cross-veius beyond vitta, some of them white, but one posterior series. Length 8 mm. 4 Near Tacubaya, D. F., Mexico (Barrett). Eaton records it from Texas, California and various places in Mexico. < allihii'li* tessellatus Hag. Hagen, Syn. Neur. N. Amer., p. 50 (1861). C. hageni Eaton, Riv. Mon. Ephem.. p. 192 (1884). Dark brown, femora but little dotted with brown, setae narrowly annulate with brown ; vitta of wing dark brown, including the basal costal space, broader at hase, hind edge with three broad and deep indentations, and several smaller toward tip, the vitta in second lobe extends back on the wing for some distance (farther than in other species), along the costal area are a number of hyaline spots; along veins are many short, narrow brown clouds: many cross-veins beyond vitta, many of them white, two irregular series of posterior cross-veins. Length 8 mm. ; expanse 17 mm. Tacoina, Washington, Sept. (A. P. Morse) ; California, according to Eaton. C'allibtetis americanus n. sp. Very dark brown, almost black ; femora thickly dotted with brown ; tarsi and setae marked with brown ; vitta of wing dark brown, broader at base, hind edge quite even, with three principal indentations, usually quite narrow, costal area with hyaline spots, no clouds along the veins; many cross veins, mostly white; two quite regular series of posterior cross-veins; base of hind wing often brown. Length 7.5 mm. Pullman, Washington, April (R. W. Doane), also one from Clear Creek, Colorado, September (Oslar). A specimen from Franconia, N. H. (Mrs. Slosson), seems to fall here, but the vitta is not well developed. Callibwtis eoloradensis n. sp. Dark brown ; femora finely dotted with brown ; tarsi tipped with brown ; vitta of wing dark brown, broken up into three principal spots, one, the largest, apical, one pterostiguiatical, one before the middle, and a smaller one at base; basal cos- tal space hyaline; the longitudinal veins are in places slightly marked with brown; the cross-veins are numerous, mostly white; two irregular posterior series; the abdomen is shorter than in the other species of this section. Length 7 mm. ; expanse 16 mm. Durango, Colorado, June (Oslar). Callibwtis ferragineus Walsh. Walsh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862. p. 379. Ferruginous; femora thickly spotted with light brown, tarsi and seta? marked TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900. NATHAN BANKS. 251 with brown ; vitta light brown, covering basal costal space, with many transverse hyaline spots in costal area, hind edge with three principal indentations and two smaller toward tip, otherwise quite even, no clouds along veins, although they are brown in parts; cross-veins beyond vitta numerous, mostly white, two and often more series of posterior cross-veins. Length 6.5 mm. ; expanse 16 mm. Sea Cliff, New York; Agric. Coll., Michigan fPettit); Illinois (Walsh). < 'allibsetis pallidas n. sp. Pale ferruginous; femora and setae pale, unmarked, tarsi blackish; costa marked with brown and white; vitta pale ferruginous, exti'eme basal costal space hyaline, vitta with a number of hyaline spots, especially near the ptero- stigmatic region, hind edge with several broad indentations, especially on basal half; many cross-veins beyond vitta, mostly white, two and often more poste- rior series. Length 9 mm. ; expanse 21 mm. Clear Creek, Colorado, September (Oslar). Distinct by large size, pale color, etc. CHRYSOPID^E. Leavochrysa me vicuna n. sp. Face yellowish, reddish toward mouth ; basal joint of antenna", yellowish, with a red line on upper inner side and a red spot on outside, rest of the antennse whitish, darker on tips; vertex green, separated from face by a transverse red line from eye to eye, angulate at middle ; prothorax green, red on the side mar- gins, narrowed in front ; inesothorax green, the anterior lobes each with a red spot; legs pale greenish; wings hyaline, veins green, transverse ones mostly black, pterostigma brown, the divisory veinlet of third cubital cell reaches nearly to end of cell ; hind wing similar to fore wings, but with fewer cross-veins dark, pterostigma brown, very distinct. Length 17 mm. Chavarillo, Vera Cruz, Mexico (Barrett). PANORPID.E. I'anorpa signifer n. sp. Reddish; mouth rather blackish; basal joints of antenna? pale, rest dark brown ; legs yellowish ; basal segments of abdomen brown above; wings hyaline, with brown spots and bands, two basal spots, a band —sometimes interrupted — before the middle, a median costal mark, a broad baud beyond middle, forked behind, the outer part sometimes disconnected, and a broad apical hand, which has a pale area on the lower outer side, in this spot the cross-veinlets are white ; hind wings similar to fore pair, but the baud beyond middle is a trifle more broad than in fore pail', while the basal marks are smaller. In fore vving the cos- tal vein runs to the pterostigma. Fifth abdominal segment of male has a short conical projection above at tip, the sixth segment is strongly constricted at base and suddenly enlarged near middle. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900. 252 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA. Gaylord, Michigan, July (R. H. Pettit). This bears much re- semblance to what I consider P. venosa, but the projection on tip of fifth segment is smaller, and the sixth segment is more constricted, besides the genitalia are not so much elevated in the middle when seen from the side. TRICHOI»TKRA. Agrypnetes rurvata n. sp. Pale yellowish, clothed with short yellowish hair, veins at and near anastomo- sis darker, abdomen brown above ; head large, three large ocelli ; antennae short and stout, well separated at base ; prothorax with two warts above ; legs very stout, spurs very short, 2-4-4; the joints two to four of anterior tarsus very short, practically no spines, on hind legs, however, there are extremely minute ones on the tarsi ; anterior tarsi do not show any fringe of hair ; wings very nar- row, the costal margin concave, the posterior margin convex ; venation almost the same as the European species (A. crassicornis), the discal cell is a trifle longer, and the posterior anastomosis rather more oblique, the anal venation is exactly the same, surface of wing nearly bare. Length 11 mm. St. Anthony Park, Minnesota (Pettit). When the wings are closed the insect in side view is highest at middle and curves down each way. I place this in Agrypnetes on account of the close cor- respondence in venation, in absence of spines on legs, in structure of legs, in size and color ; but the spurs are plainly 2-4-4. LEI'TOPHVLAX n. gen. Spurs 1-3-4. Basal joint of antenna nearly as long as broad, antennae rather short and stout; prothorax well developed, flat above as well as the vertex of head, both traversed by a median furrow. Wings very slender, acute at tips, discal cell nearly twice as long as its pedicel, first apical cell some distance on discal cell, fifth apical short pedicellate; hind wings slender, emarginate as in Colpotaulim, fifth apical cell long pedicellate, first some distance on discal cell. Leptophylax gracilis n. sp. Head yellowish; a median black line on vertex, which is flat, clothed with long erect yellowish hairs, prothorax flat above, about twice as broad as long, sur- face tuberculate, a median black line, clothed with erect yellowisb hair; antennae yellowish, apex more reddish, basal joints long, well separated ; legs pale yellow- ish, with black spines, none on anterior face of fore tibiae, hind femora plainly shorter and stouter than middle femora, bind tibiae curved. Wings over four times as long as broad, broadest beyond anastomosis, pale yellowish hyaline, not rugulose, veins brown, a brown streak through many of the cells sometimes NATHAN BANKS. 253 broken into spots, the anal margin toward base almost wholly brown, surface with scattered short yellowish hairs. Hind wings hyaline, veins yellowish. Abdo- men yellowish. Length 1(5 mm. St. Anthony Park, Minnesota (R. H. Pettit). Liinnioplii In* am erica ii us n. sp. Pale yellowish, head between antenna? and basal joints of antennae beneath more reddish; thorax with a pale reddish brown stripe each side; wings yellow- ish hyaline, marked, chiefly in the posterior half, with light brown, hefore the middle of the discal cell there arises a whitish oblique mark, which cuts across the brown part, and at anastomosis another mark, which, however, does not ex- tend completely across the brown, and before middle of the apical cells is another whitish, somewhat crescentic mark, the middle of apex of wing is hyaline, but the third cell is brown, as well as most of the subapicals; the pterostigmatic re- gion is slightly brownish ; legs pale yellowish, the spines black, except those on the anterior face of the fore tibiae, which are yellowish. Wings of moderate length, discal cell a little longer than the pedicel, first apical about its width on discal cell, fourth apical narrow at base, fifth a short distance on thyridial area, cubitals fractured at anastomosis. Length 14 mm. Idaho (C. V. Piper). One from Orono, Maine (Harvey), appears to belong to this species, but it is rather smaller and darker. Limuophilus cousimiliis n. sp. Clear pale yellow, clothed with yellow hair; thorax and abdomen pale brown, middle of thorax clothed with yellow hair, legs pale yellow, spines black; wings yellowish hyaline, veins yellow, posterior half of wing light brown ; through the middle of the thyridial area is a silvery-white stripe, which at base turns slightly backward, limited behind by a dark brown stripe, first and second apical cells pale throughout, the others silvery white in base, limited by a wavy, dark brown mark, the third and fourth pale to beyond middle, the fifth on less than basal half, the thyridium broadly marked with brown from one anastomosis to the other, a silvery spot in thyridial cell near base, costal space unmarked, fringe on apex of wing blackish ; discal cell plainly longer than its pedicel, fifth apical cell only a short distance on thyridial area; hind wings hyaline, grayish on tip, veins yellowish. Length 18 mm. South Park, Colorado, August (Oslar). Related to L ornatus Bks., but wings broader, the silvery mark not oblique, the fifth apical cell pale only in base, and other differences. A syn ar<*hns centralis a. sp. Black, clothed with black hair; palpi slender; hasal joints of antennae long and well separated, rest of antennae narrowly annulate with pale; femora at tips, most of tibiae and the tarsal joints pale; spines black; wings uniform blackish, sparsely clothed with very short, nearly golden hair, veins almost black, arculus and thyridium white, membrane not granulate, discal cell once and one-half as TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. MAY, 1900. 254 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA. long as its pedicel, fifth apical cell pointed at base, not extending on thyridial area, first apical cell for about its width on discal cell, upper branch of cubitus fractured at posterior anastomosis, the radius bent at pterostigma ; hind wings uniform blackish, with nearly black veins, fourth apical cell broad at base, the third pointed. Length 16 mm. Colorado : South Park, August ; Clear Creek, Sept. (Oslar). Asynarclms tristis n. sp. Face yellow; antenna? yellowish, narrowly annulate, except on basal joints, with brown, vertex black, behind yellowish, prothorax with golden pubescence and long yellow hairs; thorax dark, pale in middle, pleura yellowish, wings a uniform dirty yellowish gray, sparsely clothed with short yellowish hair, surface distinctly rugulose, veins yellowish, a brown dot in base of third apical cell, thy- ridium unmarked, arculus white, first subapical very long, discal cell more than twice as long as its pedicel, not concave above, inferior cubitus fractured at pos- terior anastomosis, upper branch continuous, fifth apical extends scarcely basad of anastomosis; hind wings uniformly faint gray, veins yellowish, fourth apical broad at base. Length 20 mm. South Park, Colorado, August (Oslar). M < no|>h.i hi \ pacific lis n. sp. Black, with stiff black hairs; antennse black, beyond base narrowly annulate with pale; femora, except pale tips, black, rest of legs yellowish, spines black, many on anterior face of fore tibise, hind tibise much curved, slender, fore wings blackish brown, pterostigma darker, post-cubitus and anal veins marked with dark brown, veins mostly black, a pale area on bases of apicals, except the first, pale in base and apex of first subapical, arculus pale, and an oblique pale mark starting from middle of thyridial area and reaching backward across thy- ridial cell, fourth subapical usually very dark, many scattered, very small, pale dots not sharply defined. Apicals of about equal width at base, except fifth, which is much narrower and extends but little basad of the anastomosis; discal cell plainly longer than its pedicel, slightly concave in front; radial vein bent at pterostigma; the cubitals fractured at the posterior anastomosis. Hind wings hyaline, veins mostly brown, pterostigma dark, fourth apical cell broad at base. discal cell slightly longer than its pedicel. Length 15 mm. Pullman, Washington, May (C. V. Piper). Stenophylax antennatas n. sp. Head yellowish, with yellow hair, antenna? yellow, basal joints long, beneath with a distinct black line; legs pale yellow, rather darker on tips, spines black. tibiae very short; wings pale yellow, costal region unmarked, veins mostly pale, apical sectors marked with brown, wing beyond the post-cubitus and the subapi- cals mostly brown, somewhat irrorate with pale, surface plainly rugulose, with sparse, short, fine, pale hairs; fore wing rather long and slender, the apex obliquely truncate, discal cell a little longer than its pedicel, slightly concave in front, first apical cell much longer on discal cell than fifth apical on thyridial NATHAN BANKS. 255 area, all cells broad at anastomosis, upper cubitus fractured at posterior anastomo- sis, inferior branch continuous, radius much bent at pterostigma ; hind wings hyaline, veins pale. Length 20 mm. Mt. Ranier, Washington (C. V. Piper). Not a true Stenophylax, but do not desire at present to make a new genus from the one specimen, which is easily recognized by the line on basal joint of antennse. HOUOPHYLAX n. gen. Spurs 1-3-4, subapical pair on hind legs unequal in size; pro- thorax small ; wings rather broad, apex blunt-pointed, apical mar- gin slightly rounded, the anterior and posterior anastomoses in one nearly continuous line, so that the apical cells are as far back as the subapicals, the first subapical not on thyridial area, discal cell about twice as long as pedicel, thyridial cell only a little longer, radius bent at stigma; hind wing with third apical cell narrow at base, the fourth broad. Easily distinguished from all our other Limnophi- lids by the position of the anterior anastomosis. Homophylax flai ipemii* a. sp. Pale yellowish throughout, clothed with yellow hair; basal joints of antenna? as long as head, well separated, more reddish ; prothorax with long yellow hair: legs slender, with black spines, hind tibiae curved, with one spine before middle, subapical spurs about twice their length before tip; wings pale yellowish hyaline, veins yellowish, uniformly clothed with short yellowish pubescence, membrane granulate, arculus and thyridium white, first apical cell broad at base, but a very short distance on discal cell. Length 18 ram. South Park, Colorado, Aug. (Oslar) Halestis formosiis n. sp. Head yellowish, with nearly golden hairs above, antennae yellowish, darker toward the tips, thorax reddish yellow, prothorax with golden hairs, legs yellow- ish, the tibiae and tarsi more reddish, spines black, two small ones at tip of each anterior femur, hind femora spined nearly to base ; spurs 1-3-3. Wings hyaline, marked with brown, costal area free to the dark pterostigma, tip of wing nar- rowly and irregularly pale, a pale area across the apicals before middle, but the apicals are dark at base, a pale area just within the anastomosis connected to a pale stripe that starts from before the pterostigma and reaches obliquely backward toward middle of the hind margin, but not crossing the post-cubitus, an oblong pale spot toward base along the anal vein, elsewhere brown, containing scattered pale circular dots; costal veins and radial sector to anastomosis pale, elsewhere the veins mostly dark : hind wings grayish on tip. Length 22 mm. Southwest Colorado. July (Oslar). 256 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA Potamorites virgin i«-a n. sp. Face reddish yellow; vertex black, behind yellowish, the antennae black ; legs and palpi clear pale yellowish: tarsi darker; spines black, short; thorax and abdomen yellowish: wings uniform blackish; costal veins dark, others paler; a white dot, furcate toward base, on the thyridium, and a smaller one at the arcu- lus; there are indistinct traces of various hyaline dots, especially in the costal and apical regions; wing with a gray fringe, quite long on the costal margin; discal cell shorter than its pedicel ; membrane faintly granulate, a larger and darker granule in the base of the third apical cell ; apex of wing rather broad and rounded (not obliquely truncate) ; hind wings broad, uniformly gray, with a gray fringe, fourth apical cell broader than third at base. Length 13 mm. Richmond, Virginia (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Evidently closely related to the European P. biguttatus, but with broader wings. C'hseto|>t«*ryg<>|>sis parvula n. sp. Face yellowish, vertex more brownish, nearly flat, basal joints of antennae long, brown, rest of antennae yellowish, joints tipped with brown, thorax dirty yel- lowish, legs clear yellowish, with fine black spines, rather fewer on tibia? than usual, spurs 1—2-2; fore wings pale brownish, indistinctly irrorate with hyaline, anastomosis darker, surface distinctly rugulose, sparsely clothed with short yel- low hair, a circular white spot containing a brown central dot in base of the third apical cell, veins pale, wing rather broad and short, apex rounded, discal cell nearly twice the length of its pedicel, first apical cell some distance on discal cell, fifth apical cell scarcely on thyridial cell at all, the cubital veins not fractured at posterior anastomosis; margin with a scant fringe, nearly as long on costal as on apical margin. Hind wings not much shorter than fore wings, hyaline, with yellowish veins and pubescence, a brown dot in base of third apical cell, fourth apical cell broad at base. Lengl h 8.5 mm. New Brunswick, N. J. (Prof. J. B. Smith). tfotidobia americana n. sp. Head black, with tufts of black hair from the warts on the vertex ; maxillary palpi flattened and upcurved, masking the face, yellowish white, with short whitish hair; antennae black, basal joint yellowish below, not elongate; thorax black, with black hair; legs light brown, middle and hind tibia- and tarsi paler, spurs 2-2-4 ; abdomen black; the genitalia yellow; wings blackish, with much black and a little yellow pubescence; hind wings blackish, with dark gray fringe, discal cell closed, that of fore wings open: inferior appendages long. sickle-shaped, upcurved, slender at base. Length 12 mm. Falls Church, Virginia, June. Heteroplectron iiigripeimi* n. sp. Head yellowish, with hunches of black hair each side below antenna? and behind each eye, vertex shows a blunt median ridge; palpi and antennae black. densely black-haired ; thorax dark brown, with black hair; legs black, thickly NATHAN BANKS. 257 clothed with short black hairs, spurs 2-4-4 ( 9 ) ; wings uniformly blackish, some- what shining, clothed with short black hair, veins black, fringe black; hind wings uniform blackish, with black fringe; abdomen blackish. Length 12 mm. Santa Maria, Puebla, Mexico (Barrett). Heteroplertron incsicanum n. sp. Head, palpi and antennae black, with short black hair, a pale reddish spot on middle of vertex, prothorax above and below yellowish, rest of thorax black, with black hair; legs black, with short black hair, spurs 2-4-4 ( 9) ; abdomen yellowish; wings uniformly blackish, sparsely clothed with short yellowish hair, veins black, fringe very short, black: hind wings much shorter, blackish, fringe black. Length 15 mm. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico (Barrett). Leptocella itiimita n. sp. Greenish; head and thorax clothed with white hair; antennae white, nar- rowly annulate with brown; palpi and legs yellowish, with white hairs: wings hyaline, clothed with snow-white hair, and a white fringe, a few black dots be- yond the anastomosis; discal cell nearly as long as the pedicel, convex above, first apical cell reaches about one-half way to the anastomosis, fifth to about two-thirds. Length 8 mm. Pullman, Washington (C. V. Piper). 4l>4'li)i:i guttata n. sp. Pale yellowish ; head clothed with white and pale yellow hair; legs whitish ; antennae pale on base, narrowly annulate with brown, apical half darker; wings pale brown, clothed with golden scales, and with about thirty white dots, most numerous in apical part, where they usually adjoin a brown dot; fringe mostly golden, but with some brown posteriorly, anastomosis not darker than other veins; hind wings dark gray, with a brown fringe. Length 7 mm. New Brunswick, N. J. (J. B. Smith). Trirenodes borealis n. sp. Dirty yellowish, verging on brown : head clothed with white hair; palpi with many black hairs; antennae pale, narrowly annulate with brown; wings with many yellowish hairs, but with plenty of black, giving the wing a gray appear- ance, much darker than T. flavescens ; sometimes two black dots on hind margin, fringe at apex mostly yellowish, but at posterior angle fuscous; hind wings pale gray, with gray fringe: venation as in T. ignita. Length 12 mm. St. Anthony's Park, Minnesota (Pettit). Tria?iio«les flavescens n. sp. Yellowish; head clothed with white hair: palpi with many gray and some black hairs ; antennae white, narrowly annulate with brown; wings clothed with TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (33) JUNE, 1900. 258 AMERICAN NEUROPTERA golden hair, often with two black dots on the posterior margin, apical fringe wholly golden; hind wings hyaline, fringe pale gray; venation as in T. ignita. Length 10 nun. New Brunswick, N. J. (J. B.'Smith); Florida (Mrs. Slosson) ( >iii- tour species of Triasnodes may he separated by the follow- ing table : 1. Wings beyond anastomosis distinctly darker than before it ignita. Wings unicolorous 2. 2. Fringe, at posterior apical margin more or less fuscous 3. Fringe golden flavescens. 3. Wings with mostly gray hair grisea. Wings with mostly yellow hairs- • • borealis. Triwiiodew ignita Walk. Specimens have been seen from Washington, D. C. ; Ithaca, N. Y. ; Agric. College, Mich., and New Brunswick, N. J. Tria>nodes grisea Banks. Specimens all come from Colorado : Denver, Boulder and Clear Creek. Hydronsyche otwidentalis n. sp. Head densely clothed with short white hair, at each posterior corner is a bunch of longer black hair; antennae yellowish, narrowly annulate with brown, thorax clothed mostly with white hair in the middle, bunches of black on the sides; legs yellowish ; wings brown, densely irrorate with white, a large area just be- yond discal cell, and a large spot at arculus, apical fringe dark brown, with a few white patches ; venation as usual, first apical cell usually shorter than its pedi- cel ; hind wings gray hyaline; on the middle tibiie the median spurs are plainly nearer to base than to tip. Length 10 mm. Pullman, Washington, August (C. V. Piper). Hydropsyche grandis n. sp. Head clothed with yellowish hair, and a bunch of black at each posterior cor- ner: antenna yellow, narrowly annulate with brown, clothed above with yellow hair; legs pale yellowish, spurs 2-4-4, the median pair on middle tibia- scarcely nearer to the base than to tip; abdomen fuscous; wings yellowish hyaline, veins dark brown, surface densely irrorate with brown, usually in irregular wavy bands, beyond the anastomosis becoming very dense and occupying most of the surface, venation as in H. scalaris, but the first apical cell is longer, usually longer than its pedicel; hind wings pale gray; in the female the intermediate tibia- and basal joint of tarsus is broad. Length 16 mm. Southwest Colorado, July (Oslar). < )ur largest species of the genus and very prettily marked. NATHAN BANKS. 259 Pliilopotiiimis biirn-tlx 11. sp. Head black, witli short yellow pubescence, above on each side is a large tuft of long black hair, three ocelli; palpi black; antenna; yellowish; thorax with yellow pubescence on middle and black on sides; legs yellowish, the femora blackish, except on tips; abdomen yellowish; fore wings brown, with large irregular patches of golden yellow hair, one near base on cubiti. several long ones along veins before and at the anastomosis, one on middle of costal margin, and several small ones along the apical margin, elsewhere with black pubescence ; hind wings blackish, with black fringe. Length 10 mm. Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico (Barrett). Polycenlropus variegatus n. sp. Face with gray hair, above with yellowish hair, each side behind is a tuft of black bair; antenna? brown, narrowly annulate with pale, thorax with short yel- low and tufts of long black hair; legs yellowish, anterior pair darker outside spurs 3-4-4; wings with dark brown bair and many scattered patches of yellow, most numerous on apical part, where there is a round spot in apex of each cell and each side of pterostigma; venation as in P. confusa ; hind wings gray on base, blackish on apical half. Length 9 mm. Pullman, Washington, July (C. V. Piper). I'OTAMYIA n. gen. A Hydropsychid near Macronema. No ocelli ; spurs 2-4-4 ; an- tennae long, basal joint short; maxillary palpi slender, destitute of long hair; wings rather long, with scant pubescence, discal cell closed, longer than in Macronema, first and fifth apical cells long pedicellate, third acute at base, no veinlet closing off base of first subapical into a median cell, and the radius does not run into the subcostal vein before tip. Type P. flava Hag. (sub Macronema). Rhyacopliila inexicana n. sp. Head dark brown, with some short yellow hair, behind on vertex are two oblique approximate yellowish lobes; antenna? pale yellow, darker on tips; palpi brown, long; thorax black, with bright yellow hair: legs clear yellowish, middle femora blackish, except on tips, spurs brown, 2-4-4, median pair on middle tibia much nearer to base than to tip ; abdomen yellowish ; wings brown, densely clothed to slightly beyond the anastomosis with short, bright, golden yellow hair, beyond with hlack pubescence, the costal region black, fifth apical cell with a pedicel about one-third its length ; hind wings uniform blackish. Length 10 mm. Xico, Vera Cruz, Mexico (Barrett). TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JUNE, 1900. 260 SOUTH AMERICAN DIPTERA. A C4T4LOGIE OF THE DIPTKRA OF SOUTH AMERICA. BY W D. HUNTER, THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA. Part I, Bibliography and Nemocera. INTEODUCTORY. For many years the study of the Diptera of South America has beeu impeded by the lack of a catalogue of the described species. The reader may gain an idea of the almost hopeless difficulty of identifying species by a glance at the bibliograpy, which contains more titles than did the bibliography of the North American Dip- tera, published in 1878, after more than twenty years of work and publication by Osten Sacken and Loew. Moreover, practically no groups have been monographed for that continent, and but very few for even a small district of it. A catalogue has become an absolute necessity. The history of the cataloging of the Diptera of South America, up to the present time, is very brief. Dr. Williston has catalogued the species of the two families, Syrphidse and Asilidse, in the Tran- sactions of this Society,* and Townsend has likewise treated the Calyptrate niascidce in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, f Outside of these no attempt has been made to catalogue the species of any group of the South American fauna. Some years ago, however, Enrique Lynch Arribalzaga planned in an excellent manner a complete catalogue ; but the plan was changed eventually so as to include only the valley of the river Plata. The untiring pains that characterizes this work, as it does all of the writings of Enrique Arribalzaga, makes it very much to be regretted that this catalogue was interrupted, as happened when the genus 3Ii> place the uiiivr.'-nri.! descriptions of this writer ai the end of the various families seems to afford him as much i ;- he dcsei li was formerly the practice of entomologists not t«> hesitate be euuse the> >I'>1 not know from what quarter of the earth a specimen before them might have come, bul t>' describe it forthwith Fhe number of such descriptions burdeuing the literature of Oipterol i- considerable! and mam doubtless appl} to South Vmcrioan spe t>ies in this catalogue, H>r the convenience of the student "t' the South Vmericaw forms, as well as of exotic Diptera in general, pains have been taken i«' bring all th thcr lxhej are placed ;u ilu- end »'i the families \ di times tin' write* has been under th on i>- I >i \Y illiston tf it were not lor the generous lo : all books in his library, including main ottscure papers that it \\*>uLI have Ikhui impossible to >>lmiM probahh otherwise hav« been missed, has ottered critical suggestions on certain points, and has loaned books i'umu lii- own private libt *ry. M e thanks due to IM I () Howard tin sending books lYom the library ol the l S l*eu mrin ol Vgl ICUltUrf l'|,v. vx mi, -I wi ihe I tO d '' 'Mi in-liMi -. i l'r I'lu-. catalogue is preliminary, and like th the North Vmerlenn it uo sense critical f ftbrt i.,Vn to include all ol the existing descriptions, and the writei youe ^l|1' untie ions oi has other criticisms i>> I" dirm to In • attention W. I>. I1UNTKK. 263 BIBLIOGRAPHY. \ l> I rit-li. J, M, N<« 'genera and species of Psilaplnse Kans Uni\ Quart., ii, 1, July, L893, pp. I" BO, Leptorhethum n. g., anguatatnm n. sp., from 81 Vincent, Trans, Ent, Boo, Loud , 1896, pt, ili, Prof, Aid rich wrote the part of the Diptera of si. Vinoenl which deals with the Doliohopodlda? and Phorldre. flee uuder Williston, \ i i-,t «• ii . E. I'. Descriptions of new species i>r Dipterous Insects of the family Syrphldre In the colled f the British Museum, with notes on the species described by the late Francis Walker, pi I, liaochini and Br« chyopini, Proo. Zool. Soo. Loud., L893, pp. 182 183, pi IV, \ On i lie specimens of the genua Ctttitarebra and Its allies in the collect! f the British Museum, »iili desoriptions of :i new ■■< nu and three new species. Ann. Nni. Mist. (8), v. 45, May, 1805, pp 377, pi, I, Arribalzaga, E, Lynch, [nforme Bobre una ooleoion tapir Schiller, Dipt. Novara, 18.- Colombia. testaceipes Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 355. Phil. chil. Dipt. 635. — Coquimbo. thoracicus Say, Jour. Acad. Sci. Phil, iii, 80. Wied. Ahss. zw. Ins. i, 77. Osten Sacken, Cat. 1878, 16. Wulp, Tijdschr. Ent. xxiv, 146.— Penn- sylvania, Maryland ; Montevideo (Wulp). trisulcatus Macq. Dipt. Exot, i, 1, 92. Wulp. Tijdschr. Ent. xxiv, 146. — Brazil, Argentina. rufipes Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 355. Phil. chil. Dipt. 636. — Coquimbo. valdivianus Phil. chil. Dipt. 636. — Chile. vittatus Phil. chil. Dipt. 636.— Valdivia. ACANTHOCNEMIS. Blanch. Gay. Hist, Chil. Zool. vii, 355. ater Phil. chil. Dipt. 638.— Chile, bimaculatus Phil. chil. Dipt. 638.— Chile carbonarius Phil. chil. Dipt. 638. — Chile, castanipes Bigot, Miss. Cap. Horn, 17. — Cape Horn, dorsalis Phil, chil Dipt. 639.— Chile, ephippium Phil. chil. Dipt. 638.— Chile, gag-antinus Phil. chil. Dipt. 638. -Chile. hyalipennis Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 358. Phil. chil. Dipt. 637.— Chile, immaculatipennis Blanch. Gay. Hist, Chil. Zool. vii, 358. Phil. chil. Dipt. 637.— Chile, lateralis Phil. chil. Dipt. 638.— Chile, luteicollis Phil. chil. Dipt. 637.— Chile, macrorhinus Macq. Dipt. Exot. i, 2, 294 (Dilophm). Blanch. Gay. Hist. Zool. 357, pi. i, f. 4. Phil. chil. Dipt. 637.— Coquimbo. nigripennis Phil. chil. Dipt, 637.— Chile. obscurus Blanch, Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 357. Phil. chil. Dipt. 637.— Chile pallens Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 357. Phil. chil. Dipt. 637. Schiner. Dipt. Novara, 19 (Diloplms). — Chile, Colombia, thoracicus Phil. chil. Dipt. 637. — Valdivia. rubricollis Blanch. Gay. ftist. Chil. Zool. vii, 356. Phil. chil. Dipt, 637.— Chile, rubripes Phil. chil. Dipt. 639.— Chile. BIBIO. Geoffroy, Hist. Nat, Ins. ii, 571, 3, 1764. abbreviatus Wulp, Tijdschr. Ent. xxiv, 145. — Argentina, antarcticus Walk. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvii, 336. F. Lynch A. Cat. lib (10). — Straits of Magellan, dispar Schiner, Dipt. Novara, 20. — Colombia, intermedius Rons. Oss. Esap. Ditt, 193. -Venezuela, nudioculatus Macq. Dipt. Exot. Suppl. ii, 1, 26.- -Brazil, subsequalis Rond. Dipt, Aliq. Oscul. 16, 38. F. Lynch A. Nat. Arg. i, 297. F. Lynch A. Cat. 118 (10).— Buenos Aires, superfluus Schiner, Dipt. Novara, 20. Osten Sacken, Dipt. Biol. C. A. i. 3. — Colombia, vicinus F. Lynch A. Nat. Arg. i, 297. F. Lynch A. Cat, 118 (10). — Buenos Aires. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900 29(5 sorm AMERICAN DIPTERA. PLECIA. Wied. Auss. zw. Ins. i, 72, 1823. collaris Fabr. Syst. Antl. 54, 12 (Hirtea); Syst. Ant. 1(53, 32 [Laphria thoraciea). Wied, Dipt. Exot. i, 32, 3; id. Dipt. Auss. zw. Ins. i. 74. Rondani, Esame Ditt. Bras. 18, xxx. Scbiner, Dip1 Novara, 21. Walk. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xvii, 335. F. Lynch A. Cat. 118 (10).— S. America, Colombia. costalis Walk. Dipt. Saund. v. 122. Roeder, Dipt. Stuebel,4. — Colombia, Ecuador, costalis Wied. Auss. zw. Ins. ii. 618. — Brazil. discolor Wulp. Ti.jdsclir. Ent. xxiv, 143. -Argentina. femorata Macq. Dipt. Exot. i, 1. 90, pi. xii, f. 3.— Brazil. funebris Fabr. Syst. \ntl. 51. 1 1 [Hirtea). Wied. Dipt. Exot. 1, 32, 4; id. Auss. zw. Ins. i, 74. Macq. Dipt, i, 1, 90. Rondani, Esame, Ditt. Bras. 48; id. Oss. Esap. Ditt. 193. Roeder, Dipt. Stuebel, 4. Scbiner, Dipt. Novara, 21. F. Lynch A. Notas Dipt. Bib. 298 (7).— South America, Colombia, Venezuela, Buenos Aires. imperialis Scbiner, Dipt. Novara, 22. —Colombia. minor Jaennicke. Neue Exot. Dipt. 318. — Brazil. plagiata Wied. Anal. Ent. 11; id, Anss. zw. Ins. i. 75. Scbiner, Dipt. Novara. 22. Osten Saeken. Dipt. Biol. C. A. i, 2. Plecia heteroptera Macq. Dipt. Exot. Suppl. i, 14!), 8, pi. ii. f. 10 (Scbiner). Plecia vittata Bellardi, Ditt. Mess. App. 7. 4 (Schiner). — Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama. rostellata Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit. ii, 10!), pi. 1, f. 11, 1858. Scbiner. Dipt. No- vara, 21. Osten Saeken, Dipt. Biol. C. A. i, 2. Plecia rostrata Bellardi, Ditt. Mess, i, 15, 3, 1859 (Scbiner).— Colombia, Mexico, Nicaragua, ruflcollis Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii, 410, 53 ( Tipula i ; id. Ent. Syst. iv. 24!), 7(i ( Tipula) ; ill. Syst, Antl. 53, 9 (Hirtea). Wied. Dipt. Exot. i, 31 ; id. Auss. zw. Ins. i, 73. Rondani, Oss. Esap. Ditt. 193. Macq. Dipt. Atlas, pi. iv. f. 17. Bellardi. Ditt. Mess. i. 15, 2. Scbiner, Dipt. Novara, 21. Osten Saeken, Biol. C. A. Dipt. i. 3. Wulp. Ti.jdsclir. Ent. xxiv, 143. Plecia confusa :- Loew, loc. ? vide Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit. ii, 1858, 109.— South America, Brazil. Mexico. Guadeloupe. similis Bond. Oss. Esap. Ditt. 193. — Insulse St. Sebastiani. velutina Macq. Dipt. Exot. Suppl. i, 149, pi. ii, f. 9, F. Lynch A. Cat. 119 (11). "Plecia funebris (Fabr.," F. Lynch A. Nat. Arg. i, 185. F. Lynch A. Nat. Arg. i. 298 (F. Lynch A.).- Minas Geraes in Brazil, Buenos Aires, vittata Wied. Auss. zw. Ins. i, 75. F. Lynch A. Cat. 119 (11).— Brazil, Buenos Aires. HESPERINUS. Walker. List, i. si, 1848. Spodius Loew. Berl. Ent. Zeit. ii, 101, pi. i, f. 1-15, 1858 i Osten Saeken). conjug-ens Scbiner. Dipt. Novara, 23.— Brazil. * With reference to P. rostellata Loew (B. E. Z. ii, 107), states "der hrasilianis- cbee P. confusa m. ' /'. rnfieoUis Fabr.) abnlich." This is the only reference to P. confusa thai I have been able to find W. D. HUNTER. 297 PENTHERA. Philippi, Chil. Dipt. 639, 1865. nigra Phil. chil. Dipt. 640, pi. xxiv, f. 18.— Chile. PENTHETRIA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. i, 237, 1851. nigrita Perty, Del. Auim. Art. Bras. 180, pi. xxxvi, f. 1. — Brazil. LOBOGASTER. Philippi, Chil. Dipt. 632, 1865. paradoxus Phil. chil. Dipt. 632, pi. xxiv, f. 6. — Chile, philippi Schiner, Dipt. Novara, 23. — Chile. Species Described by Walker. Plecia flavimaculata Walk. List, i, 116. — Venezuela. Plecia maura Walk. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond, xvii, 336. — Brazil. Family SIMULIID^E. SIMULIUM. Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins. iii, 1802. annulatum Phil. chil. Dipt. 634.— Chile, antarcticum Bigot, Dipt. Miss. Cap Horn, 15. — Cape Horn, anthracinum Bigot, Dipt. Miss. Cap Horn, 15. — Cape Horn, chilense Phil. chil. Dipt. 634. Bigot, Dipt. Miss. Cap Horn, 15. — Valdivia. chilianhum Phil. Rond. Dipt. Exot. 90.- Chile, fulvescens Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, 353. Phil. chil. Dipt. 633. Bigot, Dipt. Miss. Cap Horn, 15. — Chile, montanum Phil. chil. Dipt. 633. — Chile, nigrimana Macq. Dipt. Exot. i, I, 88. — Brazil, pulchrum Phil. chil. Dipt. 633. Tarsale Will. Dipt. St. Vincent, 268, pi. viii, f. 25, 25a.— St. Vincent, tarsatum Macq. Dipt. Exot. Suppl. i, 148.— New Granada, tarsatum Phil. chil. Dipt. 634.— Chile, varipes Phil. chil. Dipt. 634.— Chile, sic Roeder, Dipt. Stuehel, 4.— Peru. Family BLEPHAROCERID^E. See Osten Sacken, Berl. Ent. Zeit. xl, 1895, pp. 148-169, 351-355. PALTOSTOMA. Schiner, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. 1866, p. 931. Schineri Will. Dipt. St. Vincent, 269, pi. viii, f. 27, 27a, 276.— St. Vincent, superbiens Schiner, Dipt. Novara, 28. Osten Sacken, Dipt. Biol. C. A. i, 5.— South America, Mexico. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. (38) JULY, 1900. 298 SOUTH AMERICAN DIPTERA. SACKENIBLLA. Williston, Dipt. St. Vincent, 270, n. n. pro Snowia. Williston, Kans. Univ. Quart. i, 119, 1893, preoc. contra Mik, Wien. Ent. Zeit. 1897, 38. rufescens Will. Kans. Univ. Quart. 1893, i, 120. — Rio Janeira. CURUPIRA. Fritz Mueller, Archivios Do Museo Nac. Rio Janeiro, iv, 1881. torrentium * F. Mueller, 1. c. 47. — Prov. St. Caterina. Note. — For the much involved discussion resulting from the publication of tbis species tbe following works are the most important: Osten Sacken, Ent. Month. Mag. Lond. xvii, p. 130, 206, 225. Osten Sacken, Berl. Ent. Zeit. 1895, pp. 165-169. Williston, Kansas Univ. Quart, vi, 1897, p. 12. Mik, Wien. Ent. Zeit. 1897, 38. Kellog, Ent. News, x, 1900, 306-318. Family RHYPHJD.E. RHYPHUS. Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins. xiv, 291, 1804. dolorosus Will. Dipt. St. Vincent, 298, pi. x, f. 74.— St. Vincent, fasciatus Roeder, Dipt. Stuebel, 6. — Colombia (3200 Meter), fuscipennis Macq. Dipt. Exot. i, 1, 84, pi. xi, f. 2. Blanch. Gay. Hist. Chil. Zool. vii, p. 352. Pbil. chil. Dipt.- 633. Bigot, Dipt, Miss. Cap Horn, 11.— Vaidivia. guttatus Scbiner, Dipt. Novara, 48. — Brazil. HENRY SKINNER, M.D. 299 Revision of the American Species of the Genus CCENONYUIPHA. BY HENRY SKINNER, M. D. These little butterflies have presented difficulties in determining them, which induced me to take an interest in the genus. They are very variable as to the number of spots and ocelli, and vary greatly in the color of the under side. The color of the upper side is fairly constant in the species respectively. I have been making an effort to get specimens for quite a number of years and I have kept all I received ; therefore, I have long series representing distribution and seasonal variation. The species in all cases appear to have been described from very few specimens, and the describers could have had no idea of the kind or character of the variation, or its value for erecting new species. Kodiak was described from one male ; var. pulla from one male; pamphiloides from one female ; ampelos one pair; brenda two males, one female; elko two males, one female. It was only by accident that I found out what elko was. I happened to see that I had some of the original specimens from J. E. Bates in my own collection, otherwise I would probably still be in the dark. After a careful study of all the species, I have arrived at the conclusion that of any single character the color of the upper side is the most reliable. It is no infrequent thing to find the ocelli and spots differing on the two sides of the same insect. The origi- nal descriptions are given in all cases, so that students of the subject can compare the specimens and the views of the authors with my own conclusions. €'• californica Douh.-Hew., Gen. Diur. Lep., pi. 67, f. 2. " Shape and size of our davus : resembles it in the appearance of the under side, hut it is very different on the upper side, which is white, as in phyrne 9 ! it flies in cool shady places." The figure represents the upper side and is probably a female. The primaries have a single well-marked ocellus, and a narrow white band extending across the wing from the costa to the inner margin. The secondaries have two ocelli on each wing and a * The remarks in quotations following descriptions are parts of the original articles. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. JULY, 1900. 300 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. wedge-shaped white line running from the costa for about a quarter of an inch, then bending at an angle and runs for an eighth of an inch toward the inner margin. Mr. W. H. Edwards in his Butterflies of North America, Vol. iii, figures califomica, var. galactinus and var. eyrngii, and also gives figures of the early stages and describes them. He gives galactinus as the Winter form, and califomica as the Summer form. Dr. W. J. Holland in his Butterfly Book, pi. 25, figures the upper sides of galactinus, califomica and eyrngii, but as the charac- ters of these slight varieties are the on under side the figures are of little value. This is an exceedingly variable species. It varies in its seasonal broods, and also according to distribution, and doubtless according to altitude on mountains. I have studied a number of specimens from Los Angeles, Cal. ; one series having been taken March 18th, and the other June 30th. The characters of the mid-Summer brood, as compared with the early Spring brood are as follows: they (the Summer forms) will average smaller; they are of a more yel- lowish tinge ; they lack the black scales at base of wings ; the edges of the wings above have a rusty appearance ; the color of the line on under-side primaries is ferruginous, and the whole color of the wings is more of a ferruginous character. The color of the under side varies to a dark smoky grey. The ocelli or spot record of the species is as follows, each pair of numbers representing the under side of primaries and secondaries of a single specimen : Primaries. Secondaries. 2 specimens have 0 0 5 0 1 2 0 2 2 " " 0 3 2 " " 1 0 1 1 1 8 1 2 8 1 3 3 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 2 2 5 HENRY SKINNER, M.D. 301 The only conclusion arrived at by a study of these spots is that they are of no value for the differentiation of varieties. I do not see any reason for retaining the names ceres, eryngii or pulla. Pulla was described from a single male, and ceres and eyrngii are syno- nyms of galaetinus. If varieties are described on such slight grounds all our species in this genus, as well as all others, will be burdened by a multiplicity of varietal names. They appear logical when one has a single specimen from a single locality ; but from the standpoint of the species as a whole they seem equally absurd. I have fresh specimens from Cazadero, Cal., March 29th, and April 16th ; Los Angeles, Cal., March loth to 18th, and June 30th. I have two specimens of a Goenonympha from Ashland, Or. (April 24th), which are intermediate in character between califomica and ampelos. The species has been taken in Cala., Mont., Nev., Oreg., Wash, and Vancouver. <'. <*aliforiiica var. galaetinus Boisd., Ann. Soc. Ent. F. 2 me Ser. x. 309, 1852. "'Wings whitish on both sides, on the upper unspotted ; the anteriors beneath with a ferruginous stripe and a minute apical ocellus; posteriors beneath sprinkled with cinereous on the base, with an obscure angulate stripe, and with two or three minute ocelli. It greatly resembles the preceding (califomica), ex- cept that it is more yellowish white. It inhabits shady spots on mountains. Not- withstanding the contrary opinion of Mr. Lorquin, it may only be a local variety of califomica, and we should not be surprised if both were only American forms of our davits." This I take to be the Summer form and califomica the Winter form, and therefore do not agree with Mr. Edward's conclusion as stated in his Butterflies of North America, Vol. iii. C. ceres Butler. Ent. Mo. Mag., 3, 78, 1866. " Wings above pale ochre ; body pale. Front wings underneath reddish, base pale; anterior margin and the base smoky; a transverse reddish ochre band placed beyond the cell ; a broad, indistinct, somewhat smoky subapical band ; hind wings pale smoky, becoming more obscure at the base; a pale, ochreous, rather irregular, median hand ; two submarginal black points surrounded by pale ochre placed between the median nervules; body smoky-ochre. Wing ex- panse IV inches." "Sab. — California. This species is closely allied to C. calif or nica (Westwood) ; but as far as I can judge from the small number of specimens of allied species in the National Collection, it is quite distinct from that insect." TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. .JULY 1900. 302 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. This is the Summer form of which I have numerous specimens from Los Angeles, Cal. C. californica var. eryngii Hy. Erlw., Proc. Cala. Acad. Sei., 7, 172, 1876. " The upper side is exactly that of < '. californica var. galactinus, wanting the black ur dusky hairs at the base of the wings, the thorax and abdomen being concolor- ous. The underside is characterized by the usual straight hand on the primaries and the waved or dentate line of the secondaries, but there is an utter absence of points, spots or ocelli, in this respect closely approaching the ornamentation of C. inornata. I took this insect only in one locality, flying about the beautiful Eryngium petolatum Hook., which here attains a large size, and a most beautiful color. Size of ('. californica." "Soda Springs, Siskiyou Co., Cal. August; 11 % , 9 9 ; collection Hy. Edwards." This is evidently a synonym of ceres Butler. The unspotted character of Mr. Hy. Edwards' specimens can have no weight. Mr. W. H. Edwards' figures eryngii with spots. Mr. Butler says ceres has two black points. An examination of my table of spots will show the futility of depending on them. C. californica var. pidla Hy. Edw., Papilio, 1, 51, 1881. •' Entirely of a dark fawn color, with a leaden tint on the upper surface, and a blackish cloud at the base of the primaries, as in the var. galactinus. The mark- ings of the under side are invisible, when viewed from above. Beneath dull brown, with a reddish tint on the discal region of the primaries, the markings very indistinct, being lost in the prevailing dark color." " 1 S , San Mateo Co., Cal. Type, coll. Hy. Edwards." I have several specimens which answer this description. I see no valid reason for retaining the name. C. kodiak Edw., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, 375, 1868. " Male :— Expands 1.5 inch. Upper side light brown with a grey shade, the whole surface having a silky gloss, and appearing either brown or grey, accord- ing to the point of view; a common whitish bar, caused by the transparency of the wings. Beneath, from base to beyond middle of wings, brown, with grey scales on primaries and blue-grey on secondaries: this space edged by a common hand of pure white: thence to margin pale brown, with a whitish or bluish grey tint as viewed. Body above brown ; beneath, thorax covered with blue-grey hairs; palpi blue-grey; antenna; annulated brown and white." " From Kodiak, Alaska. 1 ., 9, 326, 1877. Kamtschatka. This I take to be a synonyn of kodiak. CJ. kodiak var. yukoiiensis Holland, Ent. News. 11, 386, 1900. lt%. — The primaries on the upper side are bright ochraeeous, with the outer margins and the costa shading into grey. A whitish subapical band, very poorly defined, extends beyond the cell from below the subcostals to the second median nervule, as in C. kodiak Edw. and ('. ampelos Edw. The secondaries on the upper side are dark grey, very slightly tinged with ochraeeous, traversed by an obscure whitish irregular median baud, interrupted between the first and second median nervules. On the under side the primaries are dark ochraeeous (in one exam- ple deep chestnut-brown), fading at the apex and on the outer margins into pale cinereous. The white band indistinctly seen on the upper side is reproduced on this side, sharply defined and solidly white. A small dark-pupiled ocellus is located near the outer margin, between the upper and lower radials. The secondaries on the lower side are dark fuliginous, passing into pale cinereous on the outer margin, with the median band of white clearly and sharply defined. A submarginal series of ocelli is faintly indicated. The female is like the male, but larger, and throughout paler in color on both sides of the wings. Expanse % 30 mm. ; .!■'. BY H. F. BASSETT. Ten years ago I published an article in the Transactions de- scribing forty one new species of gallflies. In that article I stated that I had still a considerable number of undescribed species. Since then some new species have been found, and some specimens have been reared from galls I have long known, and it happens that my paper contains descriptions of forty-one species, but the number was not intentionally the same. I still have some material in hand, but it is doubtful whether my studies of the Cynipidse will ever be carried any further. I trust the infirmity of failing eyesight has not prevented a fairly good execution of a task at all times difficult ; but I gladly leave to younger men a work that has for forty years had most of my leis ure, and has always been an unfailing source of purest happiness. Autistroplius leavenworthi n. sp. The galls of this species are immense enlargements of the stalks of some plant of the order Composite, probably of the genus Lac- tuca or Mulgedium. My friend, Mr. F. Leavenworth, of Petersburg, Va., from whom I received the specimens, informs me that larger galls occur than those sent, though the largest of these measures between four and five inches in diameter. They are unevenly globular. The flies live over Winter in the galls. Gall-fly. — Male. — Body black. Antenna; fourteen jointed, first black; second dark brown, globose ; third of moderate length, club shaped, the following joints dusky reddish brown, all nearly equal in length. Head minutely punctate. Collare very broad and with the mesothorax rather coarsely punctate. Parapsi- dal grooves and a strong median line continuous from the collare to the scutel- lum. Scutellum large and rugose. Fovse large, deep and smooth. Abdomen s tb. shining; first segment (second ?) two-thirds of the entire length. Legs very dark reddish brown. Wings hyaline. Veins pale, slender and absolutely colorless throughout. Radial area open, broad. Areolet wanting. Body .12, antennae .10, wings .11. Female. — Antennas thirteen jointed, thirteenth very long. Body in bulk con- siderably larger than the male. Legs less dark. Female .14, antennas .10, wings, .12. Three males and eighteen females in my collection. H. F. BASSETT. 311 Mr. W. H. Ashmead kindly determimed the generic place of this species. Named for Mr. Leavenworth, to whom I am indebted for the species. Amlricus (Callsirliylis) tuherosa n. sp. Galls. — Woody, polythalamous, growing on Q. ilicifolia and reaching maturity in June. They are the young shoots of this oak, checked in their terminal growth, by the sting of the insect. They resemble the galls of A. scitulus B., but more closely those of A. tectus B. The largest are not more than f of an inch in length and \ in diameter. They are quite rare. Gall-fly. Male. — Black. Antennas fifteen jointed, first and second joints thick, ovate, first dark brown at the base, lighter above; second and the six or seven following yellowish brown, remaining joints dusky, the third joint is curved but not incised. Head punctate. Thorax obscurely wrinkled as seen under a strong magnifier. Pleurae beautifully striate. Parapsides fine and very distinct. Scutellum finely rugose ; fovse small. Abdomen small, briefly petio- late. Legs brownish yellow. Wings hyaline, and with a microscopic pubes- cence. Veins pale, areolet distinct; cubitus slender, and reaching to the first transverse vein. Radial area open, broad. Body, .06; antennae, .06; wings, .09. Female. — Antennae thirteen jointed, first and second globular, all pale brown, towards the apex becoming somewhat dusky brown, all the joints are very short. Head, thorax and scutellum as in the male. Legs paler brown and more uni- form in color than those of the male. Abdomen briefly petiolate ; second seg- ment large. Wings as in the male but shorter. Body .07, antenna; .05, wings .08. Waterbury, Conn. Not abundant. Amlricus priiiuosus n. sp. Galls. — .12 to .15 of an inch in diameter, perfectly round and variously situated on the leaves, and occasionally on the sterile aments of Q. obtusiloba. Outside they are densely pruinose, and the walls are very thin. There is no larval cell. In many instan- ces the blade of the leaf, or the part affected by the gall, is reduced to a mere rudiment of irregular form and varying size, but in such cases the gall is always banded by a minute ridge answering to the leaf blade. It bears a rather close resemblance to A. utricula B. Gall-fly. Female. — Shining black. Antennae, thirteen jointed, first and second very minute and light brown, all the following gradually shorter to the apex which is dusky brown. In a few specimens there is a faint suture in the thir- teenth joint. Thorax narrow or subcompressed, finely punctate and with a few scattered hairs. The two median lines and the parapsides all even and distinct. Scutellum microscopically wrinkled ; fovae small, deep and shining. Abdomen large ; second segment very long, almost tubiform and covering all the others in the dry specimens. Legs dark translucent brown but paler at the joints and tarsi. Wings subhyaline. Veins not heavy but distinct in the basal portion of TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 312 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. the wiug but hardly traceable above. Radial area open and short. Areolet very small, the upper side bounded by a longer vein than the others which gives it a squat appearance, which is quite unique. The cubitus reaches half-way to the first transverse. Body .10, antennae .09, wings 10. Female, — Body .10; antennae .08; wings .11. Collected'by myself on East Rock, New Haven, Conn., May 7 ? Amlricus parinula n. sp. Galls. — Minute, flat, saucer shaped, with a slight elevation in the center. This central portion is the small larval cell. They are sessile on the under side of the leaves of a species of oak unknown to me. They are only .08 of an inch across the top, and are of a fine red color. They are, in habit, very much like a species found on Q. alba, but are very much smaller, and the white oak gall is a pale blue color. I am not sure that the white oak gall has yet been reared. There are several other species that somewhat resemble this one. I received these galls from Mrs. E. H. King, of Napa City, California. Gall-fly. — A female cut out of a dry gall. The crumpled wings and compacted budy make description rather difficult. Head dark brownish red. Antennae thirteen. jointed, first large, dark brown, second large, lighter color than the first, the following shorter and gradually darker to the last five which are dusky brown. Entire body bright red. Thorax finely punctate. Parapsides fine but distinct, and diverging far less than in other species. Abdomen finely polished. Legs red. Wings colorless, as are also the veins, except the second transverse and the subcostal. Radial area is scarcely discernible, but is open. Areolet wanting. Body. 08; antennae .07; wing .08. Andricus patiens n. sp. Fifty or more individuals captured in early Spring in the act of ovipositing in the buds of Q. ilicifolia. They were taken when the temperature was so low that a heavy overcoat was needed to keep one comfortable, and a stiff northeast wind prevailed, and the buds showed no signs of life. These insects must be strangely insensible to cold, or be driven by an irresistible impulse to deposit their eggs, or they would not brave such inclement weather. Gall-fly. — Head small, very dark red, hairy and rugose, vertex flattened. An- tennae fourteen jointed, first dark, heavy and club shaped, second stout and one- third the length of the first and of a lighter color; third equal to the first two; fourth, fifth and sixth gradually shorter, the following short and of equal length. All except the first are a dusky red, that under the magnifier becomes of a bright coppery hue. Thorax and scutellum dull red and covered with extremely fine, short hairs that really are little more than a coarse pubescence. Parapsides, H. F. BASSETT. 313 median lines and lines over the base-of the wings all present but not very dis- tinct. The median lines reach about one-third the distance from the collare to the, scutellum. The head and entire thorax have, to the naked eye, a dull ashy red appearance. Scutellum small ; fovse widely separated, not smooth and shin- ing. Abdomen black, very smooth ; first segment with a few scattered hairs on its anterior half. Legs clear, semi-translucent red. Femur of the posterior pair large in the middle, almost ovate. Ungues long, dark and slender. Wings rather large, faintly fuscous; veins — the larger are very pale red, the smaller almost or quite colorless. Radial area open, and by a slight incurve in the radial vein the area is broadest in the middle. Areolet present, the anterior sides bounded by very fine colorless veins. Cubitus short. Body .12, antenna? .09, wings .15. This species differs from A. operatola Riley and Bassett in having fourteen jointed antenna?, head and thorax darker red, smoother- surface and a more dense hairiness or pubescence of the mesonotum. The finer thoracic lines, the uupolished fovae and in the medium sized but distinct areolet, also in the smaller size. All my speci- mens are remarkably uniform in size and appearance. Andricus perditor n. sp. The acorns of Q. ilicifolia are, as is well known, two years in reaching maturity. In the Spring of the second year they are still very small, hardly as large as a coriander seed. At this time ants are often seen hurrying about among the young acorns and feeding upon a liquid that exudes from some of the acorns. The affected acorns are really galls — transformed acorns— that differ little in form and color from the unaffected acorns. The larva of a gall-fly lives in each of these pseud acorns. Its larval growth is complete in Spring or early Summer. I have never found them very abund- ant though they appear quite constantly from year to year. I have so far succeeded in rearing only a single gall-fly, and in this specimen, cut from the gall, the wings are not fully expanded. This fly is a female and probably one of the agamous class whose bisexual form is not yet discovered. Gall-fly. — Head, antennas and legs deep brownish red. The head finely punc- tate. Mesothorax darker than the head and scutellum. Antennae fourteen jointed, first long and ovate, second short, subquadrate, third and fourth nearly equal, fifth and the following short. Mesothorax transversely and unevenly rugulose, and with short, scattered and closely appressed hairs. Parapsides very slender and subobsolete anteriorly. The usual parallel, intermediate lines faint and ending half way to the scutellum. Lines at the base of the wings present but indistinct. Scutellum long and narrow, ending in a blunt, rounded point. It is rugose and hairy. Fovse small and rather widely separated. Abdomen black and polished. The second segment is fully three-fifths of the entire length. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (40) JULY, 1900. 314 AMERICAN IIYMENOI'TKi: A. A few extremely minute hairs on the sides of this segment close to the anterior margin. Legs lighl brown at the joints. Wings large, veins dark brown, areo- let wanting, radial aria open, t lull .12 to .15 long I base to apes . .10 to .12 broad. Base broad, apex cone shaped. Base with the cicatrix of a true acorn. Aiiriricu* pii Icliell n>» n. sp. Gall-fly. A female found ovipositing in the huds of Quercus prinoides. Black ami glistening. Eead small. Antennae fourteen jointed, slender, dark reddish brown, first joint medium size, globose, second very small, the following short and of uniform length. Thorax ovale, punctate, sparsely hairy, hairs fine. Parapsides large, closely converging, both on the collare and the scutellum. Scutellum small: fovse rather widely separated, small and shining. Abdomen short: .irst segment long, four-fifths of the entire length, black and smooth. Legs clear reddish brown. Wings large, veins pale brown, very slender. Radial area open. Areolet large and hounded by veins of uniform size. Cubitus indis- dinct and reaching half way to the first transverse. Body .10, antennas .09, wings .11. llldrictlM |> i p< i <> i cl <■> n. sp. Galls from one-eighth to three-eighths of an inch in diameter, in dense clusters along the mid-vein of full grown red oak leaves Quercus rubra). They are found only on the largest leaves of the thriftiest shoots of young oaks. The clusters contain from one or two dozen galls up to a hundred or more, and extend along the vein two, three or even four inches. The vein is considerably enlarged, and is often split by the crowding of the galls as they increase in size. The blade of the leaf is often torn by the same force and the galls appear on both surfaces. When on the tree they are covered with a dense, coarse pubescence which is, in color, a dusky drab, or when exposed to the sun a brownish red. They are round except a very slight elongation at the point of attachment to the leaf. After falling to the ground they soon turn black, and after losing their pubescence they resemble quite closely small black pep per corns. At this time they are a solid mass of vegetable cells with a minute jelly-like center, which is the undeveloped larva. The growing larva devours the gall till at maturity nothing remains but a thin shell. My o-;dls were collected in October and were kept until late the next Summer under conditions as nearly normal as possible. A.S the tlies seemed mature in August I placed the galls in dry boxes, expecting the insects would soon appear. During October and November I removed from the galls some two hundred insects. They were somewhat torpid but seemingly mature. These were alive in January of the next year, and those H. F. BASSETT. 315 in the galls had undergone no change. A few individuals emerged from the galls in the Winter, though most remained alive in the galls many months after. Gall-flies all females. Entire insect dark reddish brown. Head microscopi- cally punctate. Antenna; fourteen jointed, first of moderate length, second short, ovate, third one-third longer than the first two, fourth to the seventh gradually shorter, the following short and ovate. Thorax smooth, shining, mesothorax with broad, deep parapsidal grooves. Scutellum subquadrate, finely rugose; fova? broad, distinct, the carina small, but extending to the posterior margin of the scutellum. Abdomen large, compressed laterally so as to give to the dorsal and ventral edges a knife-like sharpness, it is entirely smooth, except a few minute hairs on the sides of one of the terminal segments (the last but one). Legs less dark than the rest of the body. Wings large, veins distinct. Areolet obsolete or nearly so, reduced to a very small light spot at the crossing of the heavy veins. Cubitus extends almost to the first transverse. Radial area open, its broad basal vein stopping abruptly at a distance from the costal border. Body .14, antenna .10, wings .16. The extremely slow development of this species gave an oppor- tunity to study the changes as they took place V imI i'i«'ii» operatola Riley and Bassett (Manuscript ?). I cannot find that Prof. C. V. Riley ever published a full de- scription of this gall and gall-fly, and this is, undoubtedly, the agamous form of operator O. S., to which he gave the manu- script name above given. He reared the gall-fly from galls which he and myself collected near my home in Waterbury, Conn., in the Autumn, and the next Spring he sent me specimens of the flies which he had reared, and he referred to the species in different writings, I think. But nothing, so far as I can learn, like a full description has ever been published. I have written a full account of the discovery of A. operator ovipositing in the acorns and of the development of the galls therefrom, which was published in the Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., in 1864; but I give here only the characters necessary to its identification. The galls are produced from the eggs of A. operator O S., who deposits them at or near the base of the young acorns of Q. ilicifolia. The ovipositor is thrust down between the acorn and the acorn cup, and in due time the gall is developed. The galls reminds one of the pseud chestnuts that are often seen in the chestnut burrs, being flattened and rarely approach- ing the shape of an acorn. From one to five or six of these are found in an acorn and they vary greatly in size, from that of a flax- seed to one-third of an inch in length. The acorn is, in most case-, TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXVI. JULY, 1900. 316 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. aborted, and the galls that mature (many are destroyed by para- sites) fall to the ground. The larvae at this time are nearly or quite grown, and early in the Spring following, a part of them have be- come imagos. Another part remain in the larval state another year, while a few remain in this condition still longer, and, as sug- gested by Professor Riley, may develope the third year. I know one other of our agamous species that makes the continuance of the race sure by similar means. Gall-fly. — Head, antennas, thorax and legs dark red. Head very broad and curved back, almost crescent shaped, very finely rugose. Antenna; thirteen jointed, first dark, heavy, second very small, globose, and only one-third as long as the first, third not heavy, nor quite as long as the first two, fourth to twelfth gradually shorter, thirteenth long and tapering to a point. Thorax finely punc- tate. Parapsides very fine, as are also the two intermediate lines. These extend a little more than half way to the scutellum, and are posteriorly, very slightly divergent. Lines over the base of the wings distinct, though minute hairs some- what obscure the lines and punctation of the thorax. Scutellum roundish, small, faintly rugose and more hairy than the thorax ; fovaj oval, shining, oblique and separated by a broad carina. Abdomen black, polished, first segment very large, its sides sparsely covered anteriorly with small white hairs. Legs paler red than the thorax. Wings hyaline, veins not large, the subcostal and two transverse smoky brownish red, others nearly or quite colorless. Radial area long. Areolet obsolete, cubitus faint and short. Body .14, antenna; .12, wings 18. Amlricus obtusilobse n. sp. Gall-fly. Female. — Head, antennas and legs a clear yellowish red. Antenna; thirteen jointed, first joint slender, club shaped, second one-half as long, and the third equal to the first, following gradually shorter to the thirteenth, which is twice as long as the twelfth. Head broader than the. thorax. Eyes and ocelli black. Vertex evenly and finely wrinkled or punctate. Thorax — the two med- ian and parallel lines are faint and extend half way to the scutellum. The parapsides present but indistinct. General surface of the mesonotuni punctate. Scutellum finely rugose; fova; small, shallow and smooth. Abdomen polished and, posteriorly, darker than the thorax. The tarsi of the posterior pair of legs are also darker than the others. Wings not quite hyaline, veins faint. Radial area open. Areolet wholly wanting, cubitus slender, but reaching two-thirds the distance to the first transverse vein. Body .10, antennas .06, wings .08. Galls unknown. The two individuals I have being found in the breeding box with my A. pruinosus. I do not recall a species that very closely resembles this in color. It is much paler and smaller than A. ? operator O. S. Andricus Kingi n. sp. Gall. — A broad, ovate, saucer-shaped base terminating in a small, slender cone with incurved sides. The point of the cone is open down to the flattened larval cell which lies close to the base of the H. F. BASSET'J'. 317 gall. The surface is closely pubescent and of a smoky gray color. They are about one-'fourth*of an inch long and one-fifth in diameter across the widest part of the base or rim of the saucer. The leaves to which they are attached are those of Q. alba, I think. Gall-flies. — Two females bred from galls sent me by Mr. E. H. King, of Napa City, Cal. Head and thorax brownish red. Eyes and ocelli black. An ten rise dusky brownish red, fourteen jointed, or the thirteenth long and quite distinctly annulate, first and second equal in length, the first clavate, the following gradu- ally shorter to the thirteenth. Thorax microscopally punctate and with a few minute hairs. Parapsides — small and indistinct. Scutellum heavy, coarsely punctate ; fova?. subobsolete, or rather replaced hy two dark, round, hairy, scarcely depressed spots. Abdomen red, approaching black, a very few, widely scattered hairs on the sides of the basal half of the first segment. Legs slender, brownish red. Wings large, hyaline, veins slender, pale brownish red. Radial area open, long and narrow. Areolet well defined by very small veins. Cubitus pale, reaching less than half way to the first transverse. Body .10, antenna" .08, wings .14. .Mrs. E. H. King has sent me several Cynipida?, and I take pleas- use in giving her name to this fine species. Andricus incertus n. sp. No galls. One gall-fly taken ovipositing April 22, 1890, in buds of Q. bicolor. Head black, broad. Antennae fourteen jointed, first shining black, clavate, second -very large, ovate, third one-half longer than one and two together, fourth equal to one and two, the following gradually shorter, all dark brown. Thorax black, rough and hairy. Parapsides — -two parallel lines reaching half way from the collare to the scutellum, two widely separated and diverging lines from the scutellum half way to the collare, a short line over the base of each wing, all these very obscure because of the hairiness of the mesonotum. Scu- tellum very small and rough ; fovae extremely minute and almost as lustreless as the scutellum. Abdomen black and shining. First segment two-thirds the entire length. Legs dark, shining brown, nearly black, but a trifle lighter at the joints. Wings hyaline, veins slender. Towards the base of the wings there is a smoky brown spot. Areolet medium size. Eadial area open. Body 13, an- tennas 07., wings 11. Andricus ignotus n. sp. A single female gallfly of an unknown species appeared in a box of fresh galls of A. pruinosus, which, though not differing much in size, is certainly distinct from that species, or any other known to me. Head black, vertex very finely punctate. Antennae long, fourteen jointed, first large, broad at the apex, but with a remarkably small base, second ovate and placed like an egg in the deep cavity of the first, third nearly twice the length of the first two, fourth one-third, and the fifth one-half shorter than the third, the remaining joints nearly equal. Color one and two clear reddish brown, the TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 318 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. following from iustroptiiis uiger n. sp. 1 have had in hand for several years a few galls collected at H. F. BASSETT. 325 Wood's Holl from Potentilla canadense, by Miss Cora H. Clarke. They differ greatly in form and size, but I did not think the varia- tions were specific and placed them together in the breeding box. The smallest are round or oval, not larger than the smallest pepper- corn, and contains not more than one or two larval cells ; while the largest are an inch long and one-fourth of an inch in diameter, and involve the whole stem and contain a dozen or more larval cells. Were the insects identical the form of the galls would not suggest any specific difference. When the large galls include a joint of the plant the joint is enlarged with the rest, but auxiliary buds are not affected. In this it differs from D. potentilloe Bass., which affects the buds only and whose galls are monothalamous. Cynipideous galls resembling the larger form are occasionally seen on the petioles of strawberry leaves, but I have never been able to rear any flies from them. From these I have bred both sexes, and after many attempts to settle the question of species I am always forced to the conclusion that there are really two species, though I can offer no very strong facts to support it. The large females, which I name D. niger Bass., are: Body entirely black and shining. The head is short and broad and finely punctate. The antennae thirteen jointed, the first and second reddish brown, the second very short, the others, including the first, all of moderate and uniform length. Thorax smooth, shining. Parapsidal grooves very deep and distinct. No other lines on the thorax. The mesothorax bounded posteriorly by a sharp transverse ridge. Scutellum medium size, rugose, hardly bi-foveate, though there is a scarcely discernible line dividing the large shining basal pit. Abdo- men shining black, and of moderate size. The sheath of the ovipositor clear, translucent brown. Legs dark brown. Wings hyaline : veins dark, the first and second transverse heavy. Radial area short, broad and open, and with a dark cloud at its base. Areolet wanting. Cubitus heavy and thickest at its union with the first transverse. Body .08, antennas .06, wings .10. Seven specimens. Diastroplms minimum n. sp. Galls small, globular or oval blisters rising abruptly between the nodes of the potentillae stems. They are not often more than .06 inch in diameter and contain one or two larval cells. They are dark and smooth. Gall-flies. Females: — Black, except the legs which are a pale reddish brown. Thirteen joints, first and second ovate, third straight, remaining joints short and of uniform length. Thorax smooth and shining. Parapsides closely convergent posteriorly. Scutellum medium size. Fovse large, shining and rather shallow. Surface of the scutellum finely and regularly rugose. Abdomen smooth and TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 326 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. shining. Wings very faintly dusky ; veins strong, very dark and well defined. Areolet subobsolete. Cubitus reaches the first transverse. Radial area open. Vein at its base (second transverse) very dark and thick. Body .06, antennae .06. wings .07. Male. — Antennas fourteen jointed. Legs a shade lighter yellowish brown than the female: Otherwise as the female, except the smaller size. Body .05, an- tennae .05, wings .07. I may add that my collection contains one branch of potentilla on which I find a gall of the above species and, at the node, one of D. potentillce B. Dryophanta discus n. sp. Galls. — Among the galls sent me several years ago by Mrs E. H. King, from Napa City, Cal., were a few specimens from which no insects appeared, but from which I removed three dead but per- fectly developed individuals. The galls were circular, flat sessile disks growing in clusters on the under sides of the leaves of some species of oak, closely resembling Q. alba ; but I am not sure this oak grows in that section. The galls are hardly one-eighth of an inch in diameter, and except in size and color might be taken for what is, I think, called the blue spangle gall, not uncommon on the white oak in the Atlantic States. It is smaller and lacks the blue color. The shape suggests the trivial name. Head black. Antennae thirteen jointed, joints one and two rather large, sub- equal. Third long, fourth two-thirds as long as the third, remainder gradually shorter, all yellowish red. Thorax smooth, shining, with a few scattered hairs and deep parapsidal grooves. Scutellum slightly rugose. Fovae not distinct. Abdomen dark, shining brown. Legs dark brown. Wings rather large ; veins very pale, almost colorless. Areolet wanting. Cubitus nearly obsolete. Radial area open. Body .06, antennae .05, wings .07. Three specimens. Dryophanta parvula n. sp. I found this minute species, of which I have but a single speci- men, ovipositing in the buds of Q. Uicifolia, May 26, 1871. Gall-fly. -Entire body black. Head a little broader than the thorax. Antennae thirteen jointed, first joint large, short and dark, second large, globose and equal- ling the first in length, third rather long and slender, remaining joints equal in length, two to eleven yellowish brown, twelve and thirteen dark, dusky brown. Thorax — the two median lines, which extend two thirds the distance from the collare to the scutellum, the parapsides and the lines at the base of each wing are all smooth and shining. The parapsides are not broad, and they converge closely at the scutellum. Scutellum finely wrinkled or rugose. Fovae wanting. Abdo- H. F. BASSETT. 327 men polished and shining. Legs dark, translucent brown. Wings hyaline; veins faint and slender. Radial area open, broader than usual. Areolet want- ing. Body .05, antenna? .05, wings .07. Dryophanta longicornis n. sp. Among the galls from which Andricm exiguus n. sp. and Neuro- terus exiguus n. sp. were bred were three or four of an altogether different sort. They were moderate enlargements of the upper por- tion of very young and tender shoots, not at all prominent ; and now that these shoots are dry and shrunken I am not able to indentify them among the galls in the box. I did not separate them at the time, supposing them to be too immature for develop- ing, and I could not have done so without injuring the other spe- cies. Of course I am not sure that the three large flies found in the box came from these galls, but the presumption is that they did so. At any rate, the flies are of an undescribed species, and their rela- tion may be determined later. Gall-fly. Mule. — Head black. Antenna? long, fifteen jointed, first and second short, globose and of equal length, third is one-third longer than the first two, fourth equal to the first two, fifth almost equal to the fourth, the following grad- ually shorter, and all of a dark brown color. Thorax black and shining in that portion within the deep parapsidal grooves. Median and alar lines wanting. Scutel lu id coarsely rugose and with short, scattered hairs. Fovse obsolete, but a slight depression takes their place, this is rough like the rest of the scutellum. Abdomen black and smooth. Legs rather pale red or reddish brown. Wings large and smoky brown ; veins all distinct and reddish brown. Radial area open. Areolet present. Cubitus full length, but slender towards the first transverse. Body .09, antennae .11, wings .12. Female. — Body .10, antennae .11, wings .12. Two males and one female. Dryophanta pallipes n. sp. Galls. — The rapid Spring growth of thrifty young white oak shoots is sometimes suddenly checked by the appearance of this gall at their apex. The gall does not prevent the development of the leaves below it, but immediately surrounding its base half a dozen or more brown, thread-like bodies from three-fourths of an inch to an inch and a half in length appear. Occasionally two or more of these are narrowly strapped shape, and suggest that they are all undeveloped leaves. The gall, a mere larval cell at the center of this cluster, is blackish brown, thin shelled, oblong-oval, .09 of an inch in length and .06 in diameter. The insect emerges from the apex of the cell, leaving it resembling an eggshell with TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 328 AMERICAN HYMKNOPTERA. the end removed. This is a rare species, though I have found it in a certain locality several years. Gall-fly. Male. — Body black. Head finely wrinkled, wider than the thorax. Antennse fifteen jointed, first joint smaller than the second, club shaped, second globose, both pale, third to the fifteenth changing gradually from pale to a dark dusky brown. Thorax — the parapsides very distinct, closely converging at the scu tell urn. The space between these lines is polished and smooth and outside finely punctate. Scutellum rather coarsely rugose; fovse wanting. Abdomen petiolate. compressed, shining black. Legs very pale brownish yellow. Wings subfuscous; veins heavy reddish brown. Radial vein heavy and ending very abruptly within the margin of the wing. Areolet distinct. Cubitus heavy, reaching the first transverse. Females. — Both broken. The antennae paler and the joints shorter than the male, and the abdomen is below the average size in this genus. Body .09, an- tennte .08, wings .09. Waterbury, Conn. One male and two female specimens. Holtraspis fasciata n. sp. For nearly forty years the gall of the fine species I now describe has been a familiar object in my entomological rambles, and during that time but few years passed that I did not make some effort to rear the gall-flies. Two years ago I succeeded in doing this, and I have before me a large number of fully developed insects. The galls are found almost every year in September on the thrifty Summer growth of Quercus Ulcifolla. They are arranged in linear clusters near the tips of the shoots, somewhat after the manner of H. diirlcoria. During their growth they are mottled light and dark green color, and these spots often are arranged in broad bands that suggest the trivial name. When full grown they range from one-fourth to one-half an inch in diameter. They are nearly but not exactly round. When fully grown they drop to the ground at a touch, and their pretty appearance soon changes to a dull black. The large larva] cell is imbedded in a fine cellular substance that, in ripe galls, is of a deep tan color. Measured from the base to the tip of the cell it is .45 of au inch long, and across the widest part towards the base .37 in large specimens. When collected I imme- diately placed the galls on the ground in a condition as nearly nor- mal as possible. At this time there were no larva? in the galls, but in the exact centre a minute viscid point that seemed a mere speek of jelly. There was, certainly, nothing that looked like an organism, even under a strong magnifier. In the course of the Autumn the H. F. BASSETT. 329 dot of jelly developed into a larvre that by Winter reached full de- velopment. I watched them through the next Spring and Summer, and towards September had the pleasure of finding mature imagoes in the breeding box. The flies, all females, are a remarkably large and strong species. The head small and of a yellowish brown color. The face smooth and a shade lighter than the cheeks and vertex. The antenme has fourteen joints, and is a dusky brown throughout, and the annulations are so close as to be counted with difficulty, the first joint is rather stout, the second quite small and oval, the third a trifle longer than one and two together, the remaining of uniform length. The thorax is large, shining and almost black. It seems smooth under an ordinary low-power glass, but a high power shows it to very finely and most beautifully crackled. The parapsidal grooves are deep and broad. The scutellum is not large but is very deeply wrinkled or corrugated. The fovse are large and not distinct. The abdomen is very large, and vertically, unusually deep. There are a few small hairs on the shoulder of the anterior segment. The legs are brown- ish red. The wings are subhyaline; the veins rather heavy and quite distinct. The areolet present. The cubitus reaches to the first transverse, and the radial area is open. Body .18, antennae .12, wings .18. Loxaulus spicatus n. sp. Galls. — A cluster of galls attached to a small branch of some variety of Quercus virens. They are a dark reddish brown and re- semble more nearly, than anything else I can think of, a rather irregular shaped nubbin of red dent corn. There are twenty-five or thirty galls in the cluster, and it measures about an inch in diame- ter. The larval cell is imbedded in the base of each separate gall in a dry cellular tissue, and in this it somewhat resembles the chit in the kernel of corn. My galls have been in hand many years, having been collected in Arizona by the late Prof. E. T. Cox. How this fine and distinct species escaped my attention so long I cannot tell. Gall-fly. — Color brownish red. Head paler than the thorax. Antenna? thir- teen jointed, first short, second almost globose, thirteenth longer than one and two together, it is slender and club shaped, fourth and following of uniform length and very distinctly defined and heavier than the third. Head broader behind the eyes. Ocelli black, middle one less distinct than the lateral. Thorax heavy. Parapsides obscure. Two faint, parallel median lines reach from the collare one- third of the distance to the scutellum. Scutellum small, rounded, hairy. Fovpe very small. Abdomen highly polished, shining, dark brown, basal segment with a few scattered hairs on the anterior portion. Legs dull reddish brown. Tibia and tarsi more dusky. Wings subhyaline, microscopically hairy ; veins pale brown. Areolet rather small. Cubitus reaches just half way to the first trans- verse. Eadial area open. Radial vein ends abruptly before reaching the margin. Body .10, antenna? .09, wings .12. Six specimens, all females. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. (42) JULY, 1900. 330 AMERICAN HYMENOPTEKA. Netiroterus umbilical un n. sp. The galls of this species are found in great numbers on the under surface of the leaves of Q. bicolor. Four or five hundred have been counted on a single leaf. They are small, circular, flattened and concave, with a minute conical elevation in the centre of the con- cavity. They are about .07 of an inch across and .05 in depth, and the pit is only .04 across. Beneath the conical elevation lies the minute larval cell. Except the concavity described, which is smooth, the surface is covered with short, stiff hairs, much like the under surface of the leaf. The galls are easily detached, but leave an indentation which is seen as a flattened elevation on the upper surface of the leaf. The peculiar form of these galls suggests the trivial name. The gall-flies are all females, and the entire body is shining black and highly polished. Antennae short and very slender, except the first and second joints which are very thick, the second quite as thick as the first, but a little shorter and less tapering towards the base, the remaining are very slender, the third as long as one and two together, the others (4 to 13) short, subequal, the last three forming a thickened club with obscure articulations. The polished thorax without hair or grooves. The scutellum small. The fovse wanting. Abdomen as dee]) as long, and in shape subtriangular, like most of the species of this genus. Legs clear, dark, shining brown, and in some individuals nearly black, and in all cases lighter at the joints. Wings hairy; veins pale. Areolet small but distinct. Radial area open, long and narrow and forming at its base with the second trans- verse a perfect parallelogram. Cubitus slender, equal throughout, and reaching quite to the first transverse. The first quite dark brown, the other veins pale or colorless. Body .06, antennas .04, wings .07. Described from twenty- five specimens in my collection. I collected these galls in countless numbers for many years, and made numerous unsuccessful attempts to rear gall flies from them. Flies in vast numbers were bred from them, but all bore the unmis takable marks of cynipideo-as parasites. These repeated failures led me to wonder if there might not be, after all, species bearing all the characters of the parasites that were true gall makers. It is true that I knew of no such species, and I did not forget that proof of this negative sort and hardly less in amount led Dr. Fitch to publish a winged parasite as the originator of his Cynips ficus galls, which, later, Dr. Walsh discovered were produced by the subapter- ous Biorhiza forticornis. I, too, had reared millions of parasites from the galls Neuroterus floccosus B. before a single gall fly was di>covered. Visiting on a warm morning in Spring an oak that H. F. BASSETT. 331 had for years furnished these galls in abundance, I found a species of Neuroterus laying eggs in the buds of this tree. Busy capturing specimens from the low branches of the tree it was sometime before I discovered that my clothing was covered with flies of the same species. Having but a few minutes left for collecting, I was only able to collect some thirty individuals from the buds and my cloth ing. I left unwillingly, to return in the afternoon. By afternoon the weather had turned cold and not an insect of any kind could be found. I made visits later and on more favorable days, but no flies were seen. On one of these visits I took up a quantity of sand and leaf- mould under the tree, and sifting it carefully found many empty galls and two that contained perfect living gall-flies. One of these I destroyed in opening, the other proved to be identical with those captured a few days before, and from it the above description is, for the most part, drawn. In the latter part of May and the beginning of June the young galls were nearly full grown and as abundant as ever before. At this time I had in my breeding boxes, in damp earth, galls of this sort gathered the Autumn before, and from them were appearing parasites in considerable numbers. Visiting the tree at this time I found from one to five of these flies actively at work among the umbilicus galls. I cannot say that I actually saw them stinging the galls, but we may reasonably suppose they were doing so, and it is easy to understand why so few gall-flies are so produced from the almost couutless number of galls of this and some other species. I have seen parasitic hymenoptera stinging, but not often. My favor- ite oak has recently been cut down and a railroad siding covers the stump, but I hope to find another as good on which to follow up my investigations. Neuroterus tectus n. sp. I found, April 29, 1874, eight or ten gall-flies belonging to the genus Neuroterus ovipositing in the buds of a low spreading bush of Q. prinoides. The description is as follows: Head black. Antenna? thirteen jointed, first and second short, third equal to the first two, fourth two-thirds as long as the third, the following short, sub- equal to the thirteenth which is very short. Thorax black and smooth ; parapsi- des none. Scutellum small, rounded, polished and separated from the meso- thorax by a broad, arcuate groove. Abdomen black, small, in outline an equi- TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXVI. JULY 1900 832 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. lateral triangle. Legs a clear pale translucent brown at the joint, changing to an almost glassy black in the middle of the femur and tibia. Wings hyaline, veins dark, distinct, but not heavy. Eadial area long and narrow and open. Areolet relatively large. Cubitus full length. Body .05, antennae". 05, wings .06. Visiting the same bush, June 10th, I found numerous galls in the shape of an enlargement of the base of the young branches. In some cases the galls hardly increased the size of the branch or inter- fered with its growth ; in others it entirely checked its extension. The insects, which had been very numerous, had mostly left, but from the galls I collected I bred at least a hundred flies— male and female. The females do not differ in any material feature from those taken ovipositing. Miih-. — Head, thorax and abdomen shining black. Antennae slender, fourteen jointed, first and second short, third one-third longer than the first two, fourth equal to one. and two together, fifth to thirteenth equal, fourteenth short. Color a clearer shining brown than in the female antennae. From Waterbury, Conn. \e rill i ill 111 US n. sp. This is the smallest species from which I have ever reared any gall-flies. They lie imbedded in the lamina of white oak leaves, and show on both sides, but more distinctly on the upper side. They are oval, pustule like bodies, only .04 long, .03 wide and .03 deep. I have only met them in a limited locality in Rockport, ( Miio. In some cases two hundred can be counted on a single leaf of ordinary size. Small as they are, they are so infested with para- sites that comparatively few true gall-flies ever reach maturity. I have reared a few of both sexes. The galls reach their growth about June 25th, and the flies hatch out before July lDth. Female. — Head black. Antennas thirteen jointed, first and second joints rather large, the rest short and dusky brown. Thorax very dark, almost black. No parapsidal lines. Sen tell urn very small and somewhat rough. No fovas. Abdo- men short and black. Legs translucent brown but paler at the joints. Wings hyaline : veins small but distinct. Areolet very small. Radial area long, narrow and open. Mate.— Head dark but not quite black. Antennas fourteen jointed. Thorax highly polished and a fine dark brown. Abdomen very minute, slender, pedi- celled and triangular and a reddish brown. Legs pale and almost glassy in appearance. Body .03, antennae .03, wings .04. Note. — I have received within a week fresh galls of this species, but the flies had nearly all escaped on their arrival, June 28, 1900. NeuroteriiM exiguissiiiiiis n. sp. Galls found in Autumn on the underside of leaves of (/. alba, H. F. BASSET'J'. 333 arranged along the sides of the midvein or principal veins, closely sessile but not easily separable from them, and showing an indentation in the lamina of the leaf where they grow, and a small, smooth ele- vation on the opposite side. They are hairy or coarsely flocculent, like the galls of N. floccosus B. The lateral diameter is about .10 of an inch ; the vertical .05. Denuded of the dense woolly cover ing the gall, which is the larval cell, is smooth, hemispherical (some- times oval) and .03 in the lateral diameter. They chiefly affect the leaves at the ends of young oak branches. These leaves are gener- ally curled and distorted, though this does not seem to result from the attacks of the gall insect. I have these galls from Providence, R. I., and Amherst, Mass., and for several years past I have found them quite abundant in Waterbury, Conn. They resemble, individ- ually, the galkof N. floccosus B., but are smaller and are confined to the large veins of the leaf, mostly to the midvein, and they grow on Q. alba, while N. floccosus is found on Q. bicolor. All the gall-flies I have reared are females. The bead is broad and black. The antennae thirteen jointed, first and second joints are black, the third to the thirteenth dusky brown, slender and of equal length, the first joint is short, the second larger and ovoid. The thorax smooth. The scutellum smooth, shining, a curved groove, but no fovea? at its base. The scutellum is smoother and more polished than the mesonotum — this is unusual, if not unique. Abdomen compressed, smooth and black. Legs dark brown, with pale joints. Tarsi dusky. Ungues black. Wings large, hyaline; veins pale. Cubitus slender, not easily traceable. Areolet large, but the veins bounding it laterally scarcely visible. Radial area open. Body .05, antenna? .04, wings .04. While there is a close resemblance between this species and X. floccosus B., I hesitate to pronounce the differences merely varietal. I do not care to become a species maker, founding new species on slight variation ; but until the history of our Cynipidse is better known, it will be impossible to determine, in some cases, what are true species and what are only varieties. Neuroterus exiguus n. sp. After the discovery of a species of Neuroterus in my boxes of Andricus exiguus, I made at least three trips to West Rock to dis- cover the home of the new species, sure that the galls of the two were not identical. The study of an unlimited amount of material revealed aments that were of abdormal size, some of them two or three times the ordinary diameter, some with nodular enlargements, but all more or less hidden in the florets. After repeated efforts I finally found some of the Neuroteri in these galls and the mystery TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 334 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. was solved. These galls are so small and succulent that they soon shrivel up and disappear. When once found it was easy to discover them in considerable numbers, but even now I fail to detect them among bunches of dry Andricus galls. The flies are described as follows : Female. — Head large. Antennae thirteen jointed, first large, ovate, second much smaller, third equal to the first two, they are of uniform length, very short, color clear, semi-translucent brown, all except the first two very slender and easily broken, and often presenting a shrunken appearance. Thorax rela- tively large, polished, very black, the surface is rumpled owing to its extreme thinness, no two specimens being alike in this respect. Scutellum small, rounded, shining black, as is also the transverse groove at its base, this groove is large and incurved. Abdomen small, black, less brilliant than the thorax, triangular through the retraction of all the segments within the first. Legs dark, clear brown but paler at the joints. Wings large, smoky and hairy: veins large and strong. Areolet large. Cubitus reaching quite to the first transverse. Radial area open. By a curvative in the second transverse at the base of the areolet, the outer angle is acute and the inner a right angle. In most of the species of this genus they are both right angles. Body .06, antennae .04, wings .07. Male. — Black, except the antennae and legs. Antennae fifteen jointed, all clear brown and very frail and slender, except the first two. Legs same color as the antennae though a little paler at the joints. The whole insect frail and delicate. The abdomen long pedicellate, shining brown. Wings as in the female. Body .06, antennae .05, wings .07. Neuroterus Oillettei n. sp. Gall. — A pustule like enlargement of the petioles and mid-veins of the leaves of Quercus obtusiloba. Polythalamous and quite irregular in size and form. My dry specimens are much shrunken and distorted. Gall-fly. Male. — Head black. Antennae fourteen jointed, first joint short and obscure, brownish, second large, ovate, almost colorless, third long and slender, all except the first joint more or less translucent, fourth to the fourteenth very short. Thorax rounded, shining black. Parapsides— as in all of this genus — wholly absent. Scutellum beautifully polished, black, separated from the meso- notum by a broad, shining groove. Abdomen petiolate, petiole pale or colorless, following segments dark. The abdomen is small and triangular. The legs are nearly colorless. Wings large, hairy and somewhat dusky: veins all very dis- tinct, yellowish brown. Areolet large. Radial area long, open. Cubitus reaches in full size to the first transverse veiu. Body .05, antennae ?, wings .07. Female. — Antennae thirteen jointed. Abdomen smaller than is usual in the females of this genus. No petiole. Legs pale, with shining, translucent brown in the middle of the femur and tibia. The female measures the same, even in the wings. Named for Prof. C. P. Gillette, of Fort Collins, Colorado, whose studies have so greatly augmented our knowledge of American Cynipidae. H. F. BASSETT. 335 Win (HdiiN fragilis n. sp. Galls. — They resemble in form and structure the galls of N. irregularis 0. S. and N. majalis Bass., but are much smaller and of greater density than either of these species. They are a pale yel- lowish white and occur on the leaves of a small oak in southern California, probably Q. wrens or a related species. The galls are polythalamous, but even the largest contain very few individuals. Gall-fly. Male and female.— Color pale trauslucent brown, except the minute abdomen which is dusky brown. Abdomen very long, pedicellate, the remain- ing segments forming a minute, equilateral triangle. Legs very pale and slen- der. Wings subhyaline; veins very distinct but small. A reolet present. Radial area open. Antennae of the eight males in my collection all broken at the first or second joint. The female antennae has fourteen joints, the first small and short, second relatively very large, the following very short. Body .05, wings .08. A very minute species and differing materially from all others of this genus known to me. Collected at or near San Diego, Cal., by Mrs. D. B. Hamilton. IVeuroterus cousimilis n. sp. Gall. — Leafy and greatly foreshortened and enlarged branchlets of the white oak. Of solid, woody texture, polythalamous, one-half an inch thick (dry specimens), and three-fourths of an inch long. They mature in mid-Summer. Gall-fly. Male. — Head shining black, broader than the thorax. Antennae fif- teen jointed, longer than the body, first and second joiuts short, the second glo- bose, those following nearly equal in length, dull dusky brown. Thorax and scutellum dull black, microscopically punctate. Parapsides reduced to two brief divergent lines beginning on the scutellum. Groove separating the mesonotum from the scutellum broad and shining in the middle, but no distinct fova?. Scu- tellum small. Abdomen extremely small, very black. Legs— posterior pair dark, nearly black, except at the joints, middle and the anterior pairs a uniform dull yellowish brown. Wings hyaline; veins very dark and well defined. Areo- let small. Eadial area open. Body .06, antennas .08, wings .08. Female. — Body black. Antennas in my four specimens are broken. The basal joints, which still remain, darker than those of the male. Thorax — parapsides wanting. Fovse absent, but the transverse groove rather broad and smooth. Abdomen black, large, the terminal segments retracted within the first, which is vertically very wide or deep. The posterior pair of legs are even darker than those of the male. Wings same as the male. Body .08, antennas .07, wings .09 Four females, two males. Waterbury, Conn. NeuroteniM dubia n. sp. This species was found in a box of galls of A. prionosus, but no galls appear from which they seem to have come. Both sexes. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVI. JULY 1900. 336 AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA. Female. — Black. Head — vertex microscopically crackled. Antenna? fourteen jointed, joints one and two equal in length and size, rather large, third slender and one and one-fourth as long as the first two, fourth short, ahout two-thirds as long as the third, the remaining very short, the fourteenth very minute and the suture, indistinct, joints one, two, three and four pale yellowish red, the remain- ing dusky reddish brown. Thorax high and rounded, hardly smooth, but shin- ing. Two diverging grooves from the scutellum to the base of the wings. Scu- tellum finely and evenly rugose. No fova?, but a broad groove separates the thorax and the scutellum, broadest in the centre. Abdomen shrunken in dry specimens, but smooth and shining and vertically deeper than long. Legs pale yellowish. Wings subfuscous; veins slender, distinct. Radial area open. Areo- let relatively large. Body .06, antenna? .06, wings .08. Male. — Antenna? fifteen jointed, joints one and two rather shorter than in the female, and the first, at the base, dark and shining, third long and pale yellowish brown and semi-translucent, the remaining joints short and of a very dark opaque brown. In no other species have I noticed the sudden transition of color seen in this. Head, thorax, scutellum and the minute, long, pedicelled abdomen dull shining black. Legs pale, but less so than in the female, inclining to yellow. Wings as in the female. Body .06, antennse .06, wings .08. Five male and three female specimens. Neuroterus distort us n. sp. The galls are young branchlets of Q. bieolor, slightly enlarged at the base and scarcely distinguishable from ordinary twigs. The enlargements about half an inch long, leafy, polythalamous, the leaves often curled and distorted, and the twig dwarfed in length and turned to one sid. They are so inconspicuous that they would escape notice were it not for the rosette-like cluster of leaves sur- rounding them. My specimens, collected in considerable numbers from a single tree, bear date May 25, 1893. The largest galls pro- duced about a dozen insects. Male. — Except the antenna? and legs smooth, shining black. Antennse four- teen jointed, joints one and two of moderate size and length, third equal to the first two, fourth two-thirds as long as the third, fifth to the twelfth equal, thir- teenth short, fourteenth very short, all dusky brown. Thorax high, smooth and rounded. Scutellum rounded and perfectly smooth, separated from the meso- thorax by a deep, shining groove. Abdomen with a slender petiole. The follow- ing segments, seen laterally, form a globular disk, the length and breadth being equal. Legs clear, pale brown, the middle of the femur darker but almost trans- parent, and paler at the joints. Wings large, subhyaline ; veins pale, clear brown, all distinct and complete and of equal size. Areolet large. Kadial area long and narrow. Body .06, antennas .05, wings .08. Female. — Black. Antenna? thirteen jointed and as in the male, except that the third is shorter and the whole a shade darker, and the abdomen is not petiolate. Body .06, antenna? .05, wings .07. INDEX. The names of new genera and of new species are followed by the name of the Author. PAGE Acanthocnemis. 295 Acanthopus 68 Acanthosmia 76 Acanthosmioides Ashmead 76 Acerotosmia 75 Acnemia 276 Acraspis Gillettei Bassett 323 Acroneuria 241 pacifica Banks 242 Aaistemia Fall 113, 141, 187 watsoni 141 ^Edes 281 Agaposteinon 91 Aglre 68 Agrypnetes curvata Banks 252 Alcidamea 74 Allodape 82 Amalopsis 293 Aniblys 75 Amegilla 60 Auimobates • • • 81 Annnobatoides 81 Amphibolips badius Bassett 323 Gainesi Bassett 322 longicornis Bassett • • .321 verna Bassett 321 Ancyla 90 Ancylosceiis 64 Andineta 71 Andrena 90 Andrenida? 55, 86 Andrenina? 87 Andricus Ashmeadii Bassett 320 C'oxi Bassett 320 crystallimus Bassett 319 exiguus Bassett 318 ignotus Bassett 317 in cert us Bassett 317 Kingi Bassett 316 PAGE Andricus obtusilobse Bassett 316 operatola 315 parmula Bassett 312 patiens Bassett 312 perditor Bassett 313 piperoides Bassett 314 pruinosus Bassett 311 pulchellus Bassett 314 tuberosa Bassett 311 Andronicus 74 Anopheles 279 Anthidiinre 72, 78 Anthidium 78 Anthocopa 76 Anthoglossa 94 A ntbophora 60 Anthophorida; 55. 58 Anthophorula 63 Antistrophus leaven worthi Bassett. ..310 Apida? 54, 56 Apinai 56, 57 Apis 57 Apista 88 Apoidea 49. 53 Arctosmia 75 Arsapnia 241 Asbmeadiella 73 Asphoudylia 273 Asynarchus centralis Banks 253 tristis Banks 254 Atabarba 290 Augochlora 91 Bsetini 247 Bsetis 247 Baitiscini 246 Belonia Fall 113, 142, 187 unicostata 142 Bees, Classification of 4>i Biareolina 83 11 INDEX. PAGE Biastes 80 Bibio 295 Bibionidae 294 BlepharoceridsB 297 Boletina 276 Bombida? 54, 57 Bombomelecta 66 Boinbus 57 Brachynomada 69 Brachypremna 285 Creuini 247 < Isenonomada Ashmead 68 ( !aenoprosopis 82 CaUandreqa 83 Callibaetis 247, 248 amerieanus Banks.- .248, 250 oalifornicus Banks. .248, 249 coloradensis Banks. ..248, 250 ferrugineus 248, 250 floridanus Banks ■ . -248, 249 fluctuans 248, 249 montanus 248, 249 pallidas Banks 248, 251 tessellatus 248, 250 undatus 248, 249 Callirhytis ceropteroides Bassett- ■ ■ .324 Galliopsis 85 Callomelitta 89 Calyptobiura 107, 184 ( lamptocladius 282 Camptopoeum - ■ • 84 Capnia 241 Capnini 240 ( lapmira Banks 241, 245 venosa Banks 245 Cartodere 113, 135, 186 argus 136, 139 costulata 136, 137 elegans 136, 140 filiformis 136, 138 filum 136, 139 intermedia 136, 139 quadrifovealata Fall .... 136 ruficollis 136, 137 ( iaupolicana 94 Cecidomyia 273 ( JecidomyiidsB 273 Centris 59, 61 Centropbilum 247 PAGE Ceratina 69 Ceratinidse 55, 69 Ceratopogon 284 Ceratosmia 74 Ceroplatus 275 Chastopterygopsis parvula Banks- ■ .256 Cbalcidoma 78 Chalcosmia 75 Chelostonia 73 Chilicola 81 Chironomidffi 282 Chironomus 282 Chloroperla 241 miiinta Banks 244 ( 'hrysantheda 67 Chrysopidse 251 Cilissa 89 Clisodon 60 Cloeon 247 Cnephseophila 278 Cockerel Ha 85 Ccelioxinaa 79, 80 CcBlioxoides 68 Cwlioxys 82 GsBDonympha 299 am pel os 303 brenda 306 californiea...299, 301, 302 ceres 301 elko 304 eryngii . .302 galachinus 301 haydenii 308 iuornata 307 kodiak 302, 303 laidion 306 mizturatu 303 ochracea 305 pamphilus 308 pvlla 302 tiphon 303, 306 yukonensis 303 Colletes ." 94 Colletidse 55, 93 Coninomus 113, 119, 185 australicus 120, 121 constrictus 120 nodifer 120, 121 Conithassa 122,185 INDEX. » PAGE Corticaria 145, 146, 187 amplicollis Fail 149, 159 apicalis Fall 149, 161 brevicornis Fall 14!), 164 Carolina Fall 149, 158 Columbia Fall 148, 155 cribricollis Fall 149, 159 dentigera 149, 162 elongate, 150, 165 ferruginea 150, 165 fulva 148, 151 incerta Fall 149, 161 inopia Fall 148, 153 occidna Fall 149, 162 parallela Fall 148, 152 planula Fall 148, 154 poculifera Fall 149, 157 prionodera 149, 157 pubescens 148, 150 rudis Fall 148, 150 salpingoides 148, 155 serrata 149, 160 serricollis 149, 156 temporalis Fill 149, 164 ten ui pes Fall 149, 163 valida Fall 148, 153 varicola Fall 148, 151 Corticariini 106, 144, 187 Corticariua 167, 170, 188 Cortilena 167, 169, 188 Corynuva 91 Crocisa 66 (Jrocisaspidia Ashmead 68 Ctedonia 292 Cteniosehelus 68 Ctenopbora 285 Ctenoplecta 77 Ctenosniia 76 Culex 280 Culicida; 279 Curupira 298 Oyaneoderes Ashmead 70 Cyatbocera. ... 77 Cylindrotoma 293 Cynipidse 310 Dasycerini 106, 110, 184 Dasyoerus 110, 184 angulicollis 112 caroliuensis Ill PAGE Dasypoda 86 Diadasiella Ashmead 64 Diastrophus minimus B asset t 325 niger Bassett 324 Dicranomyia 287 Dictyopteryx 241 irregularis Banks • . • -243 Didonia 93 Dilopbus 294 Diotrepha 289 Dioxys 82 Diphaglossa 94 Diphysis 73 Diplosis 273 Diptera, South American 260, 273 Ditomyia 274 Dixa 285 Dixidse 285 Dceriugiella 67 Dryopbanta discus Bassett 326 pallipes Bassett 327 parvula Bassett 326 longicornis Bassett- ■ ■ -327 Du fou rea 83 Ecplectica 63 Elephautomyia 289 Elliptera 290 Empbor 60, 61 Empboropsis Ashmead 60 Enicmus 113, 121, 122, 123, 185, 186 aterrimus 123, 129 consimilis 123, 126 cordatus 124, 133 crassipunctatus Fall- .124, 130 crenatus 123, 127 desertus Fall 123, 125 duplicates 123, 130 Actus Fall 124. 131 birtus 123, 125 lseviventris Fall 123, 128 maculatus 123, 130 niendax Fall 124. 132 mimus Fall 124, 131 minutus 123, 127 nigritus Fall 123, 126 protensicollis 123, 124 strenuus Fall.. 123, 128 sulcatulus Fall 124, 134 suspectus Fall 123, 125 IV INDEX. PAGE Enicmus tenuicornis 124, 134 vanus Fall 124, 132 ve.ntmWs Fall 124, 133 Enteehina 64 Epeicharis 67 Epeoloides 68 Epeolus 67 Ephemera 247 Ephemerella 247 EpbemeridsB 245 Ephemerini 246 Epicharis 62 Epicharoides 67 Epicolpus 61 Epimelissodes Ashmead 63 Epinomia Ashmead 88 Ericrocis 66 Eriocera 292 Erioptera 290 Erythrosmia 75 Euaspis 78 Eucera 63 Euglossa 58 Euglossidaj 54, 58 Eulema 58 Eunomia 88 Euryglossa 96 EuTytis 67 Eusynhalonia Ashmead 63 Euthyglossa 60 Exserete 67 Exomalopsis 64 Exoneura .... 82 Florentina 67 Fuchsina Fall 145, 183, 189 occulta Fall 183 Furcosmia 76 Gastropsis 89 Geranomyia 287 Gnophomyia 291 Gnoriste 276 Goniomyia 291 Gyrodroma 73 Habropoda 60 Hsemagogus 279 Halictinse 87, 90 Halictoides 83 Halictus 92 Haplusa 274 PAGE Helicosmia 75 Hemihalictus ■ 83 Heptagenia 247 Heptagy ia 284 Heriade.s 73 Hesperapis 83 Hesperinus 296 Heteronycha 280 Heteroplectron mexicanum Banks.. .257 nigripennis Banks.... 256 Hexagenia 247 Holcaspis fasciata Bassett 328 Holcopasites Ashmead 82 Holoparamecus 106, 107, 184 caularum 107, 110 floridanus Fall 107, 109 kunzei 107, 108 pacificus 107, 109 ragusse 107 singularis 107, 108 Homachthes 81 Homophylax Banks 255 flavipennis Banks- • • -255 Hopliphora 67 Hoplitis 76 Hoplopasites 82 Hoplosmia 75 Hy bosciara 277 Hydrcecia 1, 12, 47 albiluuata Smith 1".', 14 angelica Smith 14, 40 appasionata 14, 44 atlantica.">7 Leptophlehia 247 basalis Hanky 248 PAGE Leptophlebini 246 Leptopbylax Banks 252 gracilis Bauks 252 Lestis 71 Lestrenria 274 Leucocbrysa mexicana Banks 251 Leuctra 242 Limnobia 288 Limnophila 292 Limnophilus americanus Banks- ■ • -253 consinrilus Banks - - - -253 Liogaster 6 < Lipbantbus 88 Lipotriches 68 Liturgus 77 Lobogaster 297 Loxaulus spicatus Bassett 329 Lucasius 92 Lymnastis 235 Macrocera 274 Macromastix 286 Macropis • 83 Macrotera 85 Macroteropsis Ashmead 85 ^ladrosoma 94 Manota 276 Megacbile 77 Megacbilida? 55, 71 Megacbiliiife 72. 7tera 92 Megalosinia 76 Megarrbina 279 Megistocera 285 Melanempis sl Melanophtbalma 106, 107, 145, 188 acnlifera F"?M69, 175 alberta Fall- -170, 17!» americana ..-170. 180 casta Fall 169, 172 cavicollis • ■ • .171. 181 chamseropis F..169, 171 distinguenda.,169, 174 floridana Fall 169. 175 gibbosa 170, 176 incompta Fall 170, 177 insularisJ;,«//..lfi9, 174 longipenrris • ■ 17<>. 179 picta !«!•. 171 i\i)i:x. PAOE Melanophthalma pumila 169, 175 regularis 170, 178 si mi lata 170, 177 simplex 169, 17.'! tenella 171, 182 terricula Fall I7<>, 178 tr:ins\ ersalis • ■ ■ • 170 villosa 17:;, L90 Melanosmia 75 Melauostelis 79 Meleeta 66 Melectoides 07 Melipona 57 Meliponinse 56 Melissa (17 Melissodes 62, 63 Melissoptila 62 Melitoma 62 Melitta 89 Melittoxena 82 Meliturga 62 Meliturgopsis . Ishmead 62 Mellitidea • 91 Meroglossa 96 Merophysiini 106, 184 Mesocheira 07 Mesonycbium 07 Mesotrichia 71 Metangela 278 Metophthalmus 113, 111, L85 albosignatua P..114, 115 americauus •••111, L15 parviceps Ill rudia Full Ill, 115 Mux Fall Ill, 115 Miastor 274 Micrandrena . Iskmead 89 Monia 88 Monceca 01 Monogoma 201 Nfonumetha 71 Morgania 81 Mycetobia 271 Mycetophila 277 RfeniOCera am una hi 27 1 vera 273 Nemoura 242 stigmata limits 24 l Neoempberia 275 PAGE tfeoglaphyroptera 276 Neolarra si Neopasites si Neoperdita 85 Nephrotoma 287 Neuropteroid Insects 239 \en :■( lie i'n s ei nisi mil is Bassett 335 Neiii'iiienis (lisiiniiis Bassetl 336 dubia Bassett 335 exiguiesiraus Bassett ■ ■ .332 exigaus Bassett 333 fragilis Bassett 335 Gillettei Bassett 334 perminimus Bassett ■ ■ ■ .332 leellis B088ett 331 umbilicatU8 Bassetl 330 Noctuidaa of Boreal America 1 Nomada 69 Nomadita 82 Nomadopsis 84 Nomia 88 Nomiodes 92 Notidobia americana Hunks 256 Notbosmia Ashmead 75 Ochlerotatus 280 OEcetina guttata Hants 257 CEdiscelis 80 (Estropsit 89 Orthocladius 283 Ortborrhapba 273 Osiris 68 Osmia 75 < >\a a 71 Oxy8toglo8sa 91 Ozodicera 285 Pachyrrhina 287 Palostoma 297 Pa nor pa signifer Hunts 251 Panurginus 85 Paiiurgus 85 Papaipema 12, 48 Paracolletes 91 Paradioxys 82 Paramegilla 60 Parandrena 83 Paranomia 88 Parasphecodes 91 I'.uai ropesa 290 I'aievaspis 80 INDEX. vn PAGE Pasipbte 95 Pasites 81 Pentagenia 247 Pentaneura 282 Peuthera 297 Peuthetria 297 Penthoptera 293 Perdita 85 Perditella 84 Perditomorpha Ashmead 86 Periconia 285 Peripheroptera 288 Perla 241 americana Banks 243 sabulosa Hanks 242 Perlinella Banks 241, 242 Phiarus 81 Phileremulus 81 Phileremus 81 Pbilopotaiuus barrettee Banks 259 Philoxantlius 84 Phthinia 276 Platynopoda .... 71 Platyura . . .274 Plecia 296 Plesiastina 274 Podalarius 60 Podunomus 283 Pcecilostola 292 Polycentropus variegatus Hanks. . . .259 Polyderis 236 glabrella 237 testaoelimbata 237 Polyniera 292 Polymoria 290 Potamorites virginica Banks 256 Potamyia Banks 259 Pristotrichia 90 Probolseus 276 Prosopis 96 Protandrena 88 Protostelis 79 Psaenythia 88 Pseudomelecta 66 Pseudopanurgus 85 Pseudopbeolus 80 Pseudoperla 241 Pseudosciara 277 Pseudosrnia 75 PAGE Psitbyrus 58 Psocus barretti Banks 239 Oregon us Banks 239 Virginian us Banks 239 Psopbora 279 Psychoda 284 Psyebopb.ena 282 Pteronarcella Banks 241, 242 Pteronarcys 241 Ptiloglossa. 89 Ptilogyna 285 Ptychoptera 293 Pyrrhonielectra Ashmead 66 Revelieria 113. 143, 187 californica Fall 144 Rhamphida 289 Rhathymus 67 Rhipidia 288 Rbophites 83 Rhopbitoides 83 Rbyacophila mexicana Hanks 259 Rbynocbosciara 277 Rhypbus 298 Sabethes 281 Sackeniella 298 Saropoda 59 Scatopse 294 Schmiedeknechtia 81 Sciara 277 Sciopbila 275 SprapteT 84 Scrapteroides 85 Serapis 78 Shorriherria 71 Sigmatomera 291 Simulium 297 Siplilurus 247 Spaniotoma 282 Spbecodes 93 Sphecodogaster Ashmead 92 Spbecopbala 89 Spinoliella Ashmead 84 Steganoinns 77 Stelidomorpha 80 Stelis SO Stenophylaz antennatus Banks . . . 254 pacificus Banks 25 1 Stenotritus 90 Stilpnosoma 96 Vlll [NDEX. PAGE Symplecta • • -291 Synhalonia 61, 63 Syst ropha 90 Tachylopba 235 Tachymenis 236 margin icollis 236 reflexicollis 237 Tachys 191, 233, 235 eeneipennis 236 senescens 196, 197 albipes 225, 226 anthrax 203, 207 audax 202, 206 bradycellinus Hayward 219, 224 capax 203, 209 cohimbiensis Hayward 226, 231 eorax 219, 222 corrusous 226, 231 dolosus 202, 205 edax 226, 230 ephippiatus 196, 213, 214 falli Hayward L98, 199 ferrugineus • • • .203, 211 flavicauda 196, 200 frontalis Hayward ■ ■ ■ -196, 212 fuscicornis 202, 204 granarius 202, 203 incurvus 196, 201, 202, 204 lactulus 214, 215 ltevus 196, 215, 216, 217 latipennis Hayward ■ ■ .226, 227 liebecti Hayward 203, 207 misellns 219. 223 mordax. 219 nanus 196, 197, 198 nebulosua 203, 207 obesulus 203, 210 occultator 219, 221 pallidus 219, 220 proximus 197, 221. 226, 228 pumilus 226, 230 rapax 202, 205 rufotestacens Hayward 216, 217 scitulus 226, 229 sellatus 213, 214 sequax 232 trechiformis Hayward 216 tripunctatus 202, 210 ventricosus 226, 227 PAG] Tachys virgo 219, 220 vittiger 196, 218, 219. 222 vivax 203, 20!> voiax 226, 229 xanthopus 202, 208 Tachyura .'.: brunnicollis 236 Tseniopteryx 241 occidentals Banks ■ -244 pacifica Banks 244 Taeniorhynchus 280 Tanyderus 293 Tanypus 283 Telmatogen 282 Temnosoma 93 Tetragona 57 Tetragoneura •* 276 Tetralonia 61 Tetralouiella Ashmead 61 Tetrapsed ia 64 Tetraphora 282 Teucholabis 290 Thalestria 66 Thau matosoma 77 Tipula 286 Toxorrhina 289 Trachusa 73 Trise.nodes borealis Banks 257, 258 flavesccns Banks. ■ .257, 258 grisea 258 Trisenodes ignita 258 Trichchostoma 91 Trichoptera 252 Trichopteromyia 27 I TrichosJa 278 Tridentosmia 76 Trigona ">7 Trimiora 291 Trophocleptria 67 Trypetes ■ • • • 73 Uraiiottenia 281 Winnertzia 273 Xenoglossa 61, 63 Kenoglossodes Ashmead 63 Xylocopa 71 Zacesta A shmead 73 Zacosmia 65 Zadontomerus Ashmead 69 Zygoneu ra 278 6*3 *. ox?; BBS. U.S. NATL, IB,