Poe ah pt RII ED i tg i oy Mabey ae bg ae EE a et Ma ei ger T Iie rath LTTUr Te ee Wea ead Nb a We I Mea Oe Ge RT rca ats cn he tats aarti Sa ee AN Bie peter er gR TR NY e @. . ne St : PRC Ae ee L 2 . ueny 3 ont. v . Pg | Se x 3 3 . o te sa fs ) MAS ary sb Mery l ~ + ik om talons re Seite, oe Sara (J eee r aS fae Lr SpE Me! Taare SS on oe j oT tcfoa” of Cee B pee 4¢:3 oe verano ain ae Spy a i . “ = SES: 7 aod : Ngee ee Ria Be: creates, a A Sqehetem ht a ’ ~ “ le RAI OH: ee ae rary mi wae fe =o © i, : ats Ke oars - Gt pee Seay ft net Shel i. Pg Na Ong ee psa Feige i hE a -T32 oP de Pian tthe vf OY Te ‘ Ae aly gs RT Eile anal aI ae ee MeN ae Reena nah ge, Pan Peon uae area ae eal Fa te ee gti cee nant png a a , oa ne tae gba ehh Nw ee ee : it pc ae ERI * AN ee “s ar Uae oaks biiep ne aie : 2 . ss 4 a a Ss J te, 4 Pa te a et SA as tot g ne Ee erate 3 J S ret aT ig ee. ene rs Eps pele, oe Ex Eu : its ad | ft co ry? 2. eae ease an Seat pyaen siege promigha ght d : re ee ee ate KA watgies me sate : SB PR a ei i a , me, eee 2 esac Aad ae aS ater = age ba epee 1s et RE es oie ars be Gy > ibe ages SU eg eS we es aaah eae: Fr SES Peep aiee wee 7, TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON eFOR THE YEAR LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BUNGAY. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, AND (CoO., PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. 1901-1902. DATES OF PUBLICATION IN PARTS. Part I. (Trans., pp. 1-114, PRroc., i-viii) was published 30th April, 1901. mae | he oe ee 115-192, ,, 1x—xli) jy Nithigky, 4% one a ae 193-378, ———-———) » 30th Sept., __,, 2 Go oa 379-601, 4, xili-xxiv) » 0th Dec., > «, >» Ve (—————— 77 XXV-Xxxil) » 22nd Feb., 1902. a ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. FOUNDED, 1833. INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1901-1902. President, THe Rev. Canon FOWLER, M.A.,,. F.L.S. Vicc=Presidents, CHARLES GOLDING BARRETT. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.LS. GEORGE HENRY VERRALL. Treasurer, ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., F.LS. Secretaries, HERBERT GOSS, F.LS., F.G.S. HENRY ROWLAND-BROWJ, M.A. Librarian, GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S. Council, ROBERT ADKIN. Pror. T. HUDSON BEARE, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. WILLIAM LUCAS DISTANT. HORACE Sr, J. K. DONISTHORPE, F.Z.S. ‘ CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. ROBERT WYLIE LLOYD. COLBRAN J, WAINWRIGHT. Resident Librarian. W. R. HALL. THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. 1834—1901. The Transactions can now be obtained by Fellows at the following reduced prices :— PUBLIC. FELLOWS. First Series, 4 volumes (1834—1849) ......... Price £4 13 0 £3 10 Second Series, 5 volumes (1850—1861)......... 8 0 0 515 @ Third Series, 5 volumes (1862—1869) ......... 11 Oo 410 0 The Transactions for the year 1868 ............ 1 0. % a ISG eaten aes 1. 2-8 s 3 TSTO occccnecpaes i 3 9 2 @- — 4 5 IST wis scabvct 1 5-0 a 5 GOT 2 ae XVII. Descriptions of New Besdagbaen ie New Paget By a ARD Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., etc. +o XVIII. Contributions to a eee of the Rh ychota. By W ILLIAM Lucas DisTANT . XIX. The genus Hyliota, of the Gaitateetsh Sadi Cucujide, with descriptions of new forms and a List of the described species. By GivBert J. Arrow, F.E.S. ... = a is wee O98 Proceedings for 1901 iia Bae no ae he a we.) 1—Xxviii Annual Meeting ... gon ME ee me xs ies bi XXVili President’s Address Baa # a sa ae eed sais XXNiii Index eas a Sia at a as it mS lxi EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Plates] & II. See pages 1—18 Plate X. See pages 209—256 Plate ITI. oe 19—36 Plates XI & XII. s 257—344 Plate IV. " 37—74 Plate XIII. 379—384 ” 385—514 ;, ~—- §81—592 Plates V & VI. 3 115—160 | Plates XIV & XY. Plates VIL & VIII. ,, 161—178 Plate XVI. Plate IX. ee 193—208 ERRATA. TRANSACTIONS. Page 78, line 7 from bottom, for voxrclana read vexelana. Page 85,line 17, for E. vead M. Page 86, line 2 from bottom, for authe read anthe. Page 88, line 5,for rorclana read voxelana. Page 88, line 15, for septentrionale read septentrionalts. Page 90, line 11 from bottom, for phleas read phleas. Page 129, line 3, for palpi porrect read palpi upturned. Page 129, line 10, for Fore tibie read Hind tibie. Page 366, line 3 from bottom, for Caspide read Capside. Page 518, line 14 from bottom, for Chicorium read Cichorium. Page 519, line 15 from bottom, for Ainanthe read Cinanthe. PROCEEDINGS. Page xiii, line 12 from bottom, for Certde read Cleridx. Ae: ee Pist of Fellotvs OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Date of , HONORARY FELLOWS. Election. 1900 AvRiviILLius, Professor Christopher, Stockholm. 1900 Braver, Professor Friedrich Moritz, Mayerhofgasse 6, Vienna. 1901 Fasre, J. H., Sérignan, Vaucluse, France. 1894 Foret, Professor Auguste, M.D., Chigny, pres Morges, Switzerland 1898 Grassi, Professor Battista, The University, Rome. 1884 OsTEN SAcKEN, Baron C. R., Bunsenstrasse 8, Heidelberg. 1884 PackarD, Dr. Alpheus S., Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A. 1872 Saussure, Henri F. de, Tertusse 2, Geneva. 1895 ScuppER, Samuel Hubbard, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. 1885 SNELLEN, Pieter Carl T., Rotterdam. 1893. Watrenwyt, Hofrath Dr. Carl Brunner Von, Trautsohngasse 6, Vienna. | 1898 Weismann, Dr. August, Freiburg. FELLOWS. Marked + have compounded for their Annual Subscriptions. Date of Election. 1901 + Aparr, Frederick E. S., Flixton Hall, Bungay. 1877 Apams, Frederick Charlstrom, F.Z.S8., 50, Ashley-gardens, Victoria- street, S.W. 1877 Apams, Herbert J., Roseneath, London-road, Enfield, N. 1885 ADKIN, Robert, Wellfeld, Lingards-road, Lewisham, 8.E. 1899 ANpDRews, Henry W., 9, Victoria-road, Eltham. 1901 Awnine, William, Box Hill, Surrey, and 39, Lime Street, London, B.C. 1899 + ARRow, Gilbert J., 87, Union-grove, Clapham, S.W.; and British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell-road, S.W. 1886 ArmorE, E. A., 48, High-street, King’s Lynn. 1850 + AveBuRyY, The Right Honble. Lord, D.C.L., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S.,’ ete., High Elms, Farnborough, Kent. 1901 1894 1886 1890 1886 1895 1887 1884 1897 ( x ) Bacor, Arthur W., 154 Lower Clapton-road, N.E. Baker, Walter F., Trent House, Gainsborough. BankEs, Eustace R., M.A., Norden, Corfe Castle, Wareham. Barcuay, Francis H., F.G.8., The Warren, Cromer. BarGaGul, Marchese Piero, Piazza S. Maria, Palazzo Tempi No. 1, Florence, Italy. BarKER, Cecil W., Rownham, Malvern, Natal, South Africa. BarkKER, H. W., 147, Gordon-road, Peckham, 8.E. Barrett, Charles Golding, Tremont, Peckham Rye, S.E, Batss, F., 417, High-road, Chiswick, W. 1894 | Bateson, William, M.A., F.R.S., Fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge, Merton House, Grantchester, Cambridge. 1896 + Beare, Prof. T. Hudson, B.Sc., F.R.S.E., 2 Heriot Row, Edinburgh. 1851 + Braumont, Alfred, Pond-road, Blackheath, 8.E. 1893 1899 1897 1882 1885 1895 1886 1880 1879 1895 1897 1891 BEDDARD, Frank E., M.A., F.R.S., Zoological Gardens, Regent’s Park, N.W. BEDWELL, Ernest C., 25, Ossian-road, Stroud Green, N. Bennett, W. H., 15, Wellington-place, Hastings. Bere, Prof. Dr. Carlos, Director del Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires. BreTHUNE-BakER, George T., F.L.S., 19, Clarendon-road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Bevan, Lieutenant H. G. R., R.N., H.M.S. “Cambridge,” Plymouth. Bippie, F. W., M.A., 3, Knole Paddock, Sevenoaks. BIGNELL, George Carter, The Ferns, Homepark-road, Saltash. Biuuves, T. R., 20, Swiss Villas, Coplestone-road, Peckham, S.E. BineHaw, Lieut.-Col. C. T., F.Z.S., Bombay Staff Corps, 6 Gwendwr- road, West Kensington, S, W. BirD, George W., The Manor House, West Wickham, Beka BLABER, W. i, ELS, 85, Gloucester-street, Warwick-square, 8.W. 1894 + BLACKBURNE-Mazm, W. P,, Shaw House, Newbury. 1889 1885 1886 1876 1875 1891 1892 1888 BLANDFORD, Walter F. H., M.A., F.Z.S., 48, Wimpole-street, W. Buatuwayt, Lieut.-Col. Linley, F.L.8., Eagle House, Batheaston, Bath. BLOOMFIELD, The Rev: Edwin Newson, M.A., Guestling Rectory, Hastings. Borre, Alfred Preudhomme de, Villa la Fauvette, Petit Saconnex, Geneva. . BorRER, Wm., F.G.S., Pakyns Manor House, Hurstpierpoint, Hassocks, R.S.O., Sussex. Booty, George A., Fern Hill, Grange-over-Sands, Carnforth. BOUSKELL, Frank, Market Bosworth, Nuneaton. Bower, B.A., Langley, Willow Grove, Chislehurst. 1894 + Bowes, E. Augustus, M.A., Myddelton House, Waltham Cross. 1852 + Boyp, Thos., Woodvale Lodge, South Norwood Hill, 8.E. ( xi) 1893 Brapant, Edouard, Chateau de Morenchies, par Cambrai (Nord), France. 1894 Breyer, Professor H. G., M.D., Gymnasium, Pretoria, Transvaal. 1877 Briaes, Charles Adolphus, Rock House, Lynmouth, Barnstaple. 1870 Brices, Thomas Henry, M.A., Rock House, Lynmouth, Barnstaple. 1894 Bricut, Percy M., Chumat, Lansdowne-road, Bournemouth. 1897. BricHtweEN, Mrs. E., The Grove, Great Stanmore. 1890 Bristows#, B. A., The Cottage, Stoke D’ Abernon, Cobham, Swrrey. 1878 Broun, Capt. Thomas, Drury, Auckland, New Zealand. 1897 Brown, F.N., M.R.C.S., The Elms, Chobham, Woking. 1886 Brown, John, 5, King’s Parade, Cambridge. 1892 Browne, Major Clement Alfred Righy, R.E., Lahore, India. 1898 +} BucHan-HeEpgury, Sir Archibald, Bart:, J.P., D.L., Smeaton- / Hepburn, Preston-kirk. 1883 Bucxton, George Bowdler, F.R.S., F.L.8., Weycombe, Haslemere, ~ §.0., Surrey. 1896 + Burr, Malcolm, B.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Dormans Park, East Grinstead. 1868 + Butter, Arthur G., Ph.D., F.L.S8., F.Z.8., British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell-road, S.W.; and The Lilies, Penge-road, Beckenham. 1883 Burter, Edward Albert, B.A., B.Sc., 53, Tollington Park, N. 1886 CatveRtT, Wm. Bartlett, Liceo de Quillota, Quillota, Chili. 1885 CampBELL, Francis Maule, F.L.8., F.Z.S., &c., Brynllwydwyn, Machynlleth, Montgomeryshire. 1898 CANDEZE, Léon, 64, Rue de l Ouest, Liége. 1880 CaANSDALE, W. D., Sunny Bank, South Norwood, 8.E. 1889 Cant, A., c/o Fredk. DuCane Godman, Esq., F.R.S., 10, Chandos- street, Cavendish-square, W. | 1890 Capper, Samuel James (President of the Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society), Huyton Park, Liverpool. 1894 Caraccioto, H., H.d. Customs, Port of Spain, Trinidad, British West Indies. 1892 CARPENTER, The Honble. Mrs. Beatrice, Kiplin, Northallerton. 1895 CARPENTER, G. H., B.Sc., Musewm of Science and Art, Dublin. 1898 CarpEentTrER, J. H., Riverdale, Leatherhead. 1868 CarrineToN, Charles, Hailey Hall, Hertford. 1890 CartER, George Wm., M.A., F.L.8., Cliff End House, Scarboro’. 1895 Carrer, Sir Gilbert, K.C.M.G., 43, Charing Cross, W.C.; and Government House, Nassau, Bahamas. 1900 CarTER, J. W., 25, Glenholme-road, Manningham, Bradford. 1900 Cassat, R. T., M.R.C.S., Laxey, Isle of Man. 1901 CassERLEY, James B., 9, Gloucester-road, Finsbury Park, N. 1889 + CaveE, Charles J. T., Binstead, Cambridge. 1900 CHAMBERLAIN, Neville, Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham. 1871 1891 1890 1897 1898 Cicae ) Cuampion, George C., F.Z.S., Liprarian, Heatherside, Horsell, Woking ; and 10, Chandos-street, Cavendish-square, W. CHAPMAN, Thomas Algernon, M.D,, F.Z.8., Betula, Reigate. CHATTERTON, Frederick J. 8.,'78, Clissold-road, Stoke Newington, N. CHAWNER, Miss Ethel F., Forest Bank, Lyndhurst, R.S.O., Hants. CHawner, Lawrence C.,. Forest Bank, Lyndhurst, R.S.O., Hants. 1891 + Cuirty, Arthur John, M.A., 27, Hereford-square, S.W.; and Hwnt- 1890 1889 ingfield, Faversham, Kent. CuorteEy, Mrs. H. 8., Moorville Ee, Burley-in- Wharfedale, Leeds. Curisty, W. M., M.A., F.L.S., Watergate, Emsworth. 1886 + CuarRk, John ae 57, W. eston Park, Crouch End, N. 1867 1886 1891 1873 1899 1901 1900 1892 1886 1867 1895 1888 1890 CLARKE, Alex. Henry, 109, Warwick-road, Earl's Court, 8.W. CuarKE, Charles Baron, M.A., F.RS., F.LS. F.G.S., 13, Kew Gardens-road, Kew, S.W. CiaRKE, Henry Shortridge, 2, Osborne-terrace, Douglas, Isle of Man. Coz, William, F.L.S., 7, Knighton Villas, Buckhurst Hill, Essex. CoLin, James E., Sussex Lodge, Newmarket. Connoup, Edward, 7, Magdalen Terrace, St. Leonards-on-Sea. Corton, Dr. John, 126, Prescot-road, St. Helens. Cowan, Thomas William, F.L.8., F.G.S8., F.R.M.S., Pinehurst, Pacific Grove, California. CoweEtt, Peter (Librarian of the Liverpool Free Public Library), William Brown-street, Liverpool. Cox, Herbert Ed., c/o Mrs. Eve, 125, Harley-street, W. CRABTREE, Benjamin Hill, The Oaklands, Levenshulme, Manchester. Crecor, J. P., Fredinick, Mayow-road, Sydenham, 8.E. CREWE, Sir Vauncey Harpur, Bart., Calke Abbey, Derbyshire. 1880 fT Crisp, Frank, LL.B., B.A., J.P., Srcunives LS. 2% ahi een 1901 1873 1900 1887 1886 1898 1885 1875 1887 1898 1895 avenue, EK. C. .» and Pri iar Park, alee on- eee DAvp, Edward Martin, 3 Colina-villas, Green Lanes, Wood Geen, N Date, C. W., Glanville’s Wootton, Sherborne, Dorset. DaeuisH, Andrew Adie, 21, Prince’s-street, Glasgow. Datutry, The Rev. Thomas W., M.A., F.L.S., Madeley Vicarage, Newcastle, Staffordshire. Dannatt, Walter, Donnington, 75, Vanbrugh Park, , Blackheath, S.E. Day, G. 0., Parr’s Bank-house, Knutsford. DEnT, ata Charles, C.E., F.L.S., 20, Thurloe-square, 8.W. Distant, Wm. Lucas, Steine House, Selhurst-road, South Norwood,S.E. Dixey, Frederick Augustus, M.A., M.D., Fellow and Bursar of Wadham College, Wadham College, Oxford. Dixon, G. B., St. Peter’s-road, Leicester. Doxson, H. TT. Ivy gis Acacia Sele New Malden 8.0. Surrey. . 1891 1885 1873 1845 1898 1899 1884 1867 1900 1894 1883 1890 1865 1885 1884 1900 1900 1886 1878 1886 1899 1890 1900 1861 1886 1889 1898 1878 1900 1874 1886 1900 1898 Cc xt} DonistHoRPE, Horace St. John K., F.Z.8., 58, Kensington-mansions, South Kensington, S.W. Donovan, Captain Charles, M.D., R.A.M.C., c/o Messrs. P. Macfadyen & Co., Winchester House, Old Broad-street, E.C. Doria, Marchese Giacomo, Strada Nuova, Genoa. Dovetas, John Wm., 61, Craven Park, Harlesden, N.W. Down1ne, John W., 152, Trevelyan-road, Tooting Graveney, S.W. DrewiTt, Frederic G. Dawtrey, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.Z.5., 14, Palace Gardens-terrace, Kensington, W. Druce, Hamilton H. C. J., F.Z.S., 43, Circus-road, St. John’s ood, N.W. | Druce, Herbert, F.L.S., F.Z.S., 43, Circus-road, St. John’s Wood, N.W. Drory, W. D., Rocquaine, West Hill Park, Woking. Dupexon, G. C., Holta, Kangra Valley, P.O. Palimpur, Punjab, India. . Durrant, John Hartley, The Cottage, Merton Hall, Thetford. Eastwoop, John Edmund, Enton Lodge, Witley, Godalming. Eaton, The Rev. Alfred Edwin, M.A., Woodlands, Seaton, Axwminstz2r. EDWARDS, James, Colesborne, Cheltenham. Epwarbs, Stanley, F.L.S., F.Z.8., Kidbrook-lodge, Blackheath, 8.E. Exxiorr, E. A., 41, Holland Park, W. Exuis, H. Willoughby, Knowle, Birmingham. Eis, John W., M.B., L.R.C.P., 18, Rodney-street, Liverpool. Etwes, Henry John, J.P, F.RS. F.LS., F.Z.S., Colesborne,. Cheltenham. Enock, Frederick, F.L.8., 13, Tufnell Park-road, Holloway, N. FARMBOROUGH, Percy W., F.Z.S., Lower Edmonton, N. Farn, Albert Brydges, Mount Nod, Greenhithe, Kent ; and Medical Department, Local Government Board, Whitehall, S.W. FevtHamM, H. L. L., P. O. Box, 46, Johannesburg, Transvaal. FENN, Charles, Eversden House, Burnt Ash Hill, Lee, S.E, Frenwick, Nicolas Percival, The Gables, New-road, Esher. FERNALD, Prof. C. H., Amherst, Mass., U.S.A. Fier, F. E., 122, Stockwell Park-road, Brixton, 8.W. Finzi, John A., 53, Hamilton-terrace, N.W. Firtu, J. Digby, Greenwell House, Deighton, Huddersfield. Fircu, Edward A., F.L.S., Brick House, Maldon. Fitcu, Frederick, Hadleigh House, Highbury New Park, N. FiemynG, The Rev. W. Westropp, Coolfin, Portlaw, Waterford. FLErTcHeER, T. B., R.N., H.M.S. “ Gladiator,” Mediterranean Station. 1883 + FrercHErR, William Holland B.,.M.A., Aldwick Manor, Bognor. C( xiv) 1892 Freutiaux, Edmond, 6, Avenwe Suzanne, Nogent-sur-Marne, France. 1885 Foxker, A. J. F., Zierikzee, Zeeland, Netherlands. 1900 . Foutkss, P, Hedworth, B.Sc., Harper-Adams Agricultural College, Newport, Salop. 1898 FountaIne, Miss Margaret, 7, Lansdowne-place, Bath. 1880 Fowl er, The Rey. Cant, M.A., F.L.S., Prestpent, Rothe field Peppard Rectory, Henley-on- Phan 1883 FREEMAN, Francis Ford, Abbotsfield, Tavistock, 1896 FREKE, Percy Evans, 7, Lime-road, Folkestone. 1888 FRemiin, H. Stuart, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Mereworth, Maidstone. 1891 Frouwawkg, F. W., 42, Waddon-road, Croydon. 1855 Fry, Alexander, F.L.S., Thornhill House, Dulwich Wood Park, Norwood, 8.E. 1900 Fryer, H. Fortescue, The Priory, Chatteris, Cambs. 1884 Fuuier, The Rev. Alfred, M.A., The Lodge, 7, Sydenham-hill, Sydenham, S.E. 1898 Futter, Claude, Government Entomologist, Pietermaritzburg, Natal. 1887 GAHAN, Charles Joseph, M.A., Whyola, Lonsdale-road, Bedford Park, W.; and British ace (Natural History), Cromwell. road, S.W. 1887 Gatton, Francis, M.A., D.C.L.,,D.Sc., F.R.S., F.G.S., 42, Rutland Gate, S.W. 1892 Garpz, Philip de la, R.N., H.M.S, “ Pegasus,” Mediterranean. 1890 GARDNER, John, 6, Friars-gate, Hartlepool. 1901 | GARDNER, Willoughby, F.L.S., Reform Club, Liverpool. 1899 GayNER, Francis, 20, Queen-square, W.C. 1899 GerLpART, William Martin, M.A., 15, Park-road, Norbiton. 1865 | GopMaN, Frederick Du Cane, D.C.L., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Vicz- PRESIDENT, South Lodge, Lower Beeding, Horsham ;.7; Carlos-place, Grosvenor-square ; and 10, Chandos-street, Cavendish-square, W. 1890 GoxptHwaltT, Oliver C., 5, Queen’s-road, South Norwood, S.E. 1886 + GoopRIcH, Captain ae Mainwaring, Lennow. Lodge, Malvera Link, Malvern. 1898 Gorpon, J. G. McH., Corsemalzie, Whauphill, R.S.O:, Wigtownshire.. 1898 Gorpon, R. 8. G. McH., Corsemalzie, Whauphill, R.S.O., Wigtown-. shire. 1855 Gornam, The Rev. Henry Stephen, F.Z.S., The Chestaswae Shteley Warren, Southampton. 1874 Goss, Herbert, F.L.S., F.G.S., Secretary, The Avenue, Surbiton-hill, Surrey. (1886 Green, A. P., Colombo, Ceylon. | 1891 | Green, E. Ernest, Government Entomologist, Royal Botanic. Gardens, Peradeuiya, Ceylon. : 1894 1865 1898 1899 ( xv) GREEN, Joseph F., F.Z.S., West Lodge, Blackheath, 8.E. GREENE, The Rev. Joseph, M.A., Rostrevor, Clifton, Bristol. GREENSHIELDS, Alexander, 38, Blenheim-gardens, Willesden, N.W. GREENWOOD, Edgar, Bellevue, Riffel-road, Willesden Green, N.W. 1893 + GrEENWooD, Henry Powys, F.L.S., Sandhill Lodge, Fordingbridge, 1888 1894 1900 1869 1899 1897 Salisbury. GrirFitus, G. C., F.Z.S., 438, Caledonian-place, Clifton, Bristol, GrimsHaw, Percy H., Natural History Department, Museum of Science and Art, Edinburgh. Groom, Prof. Percy, M.A., F.LS., Royal Indian Engineering — College, Cooper’s Hill, Staines. GrosE-SmitH, Henley, J.P., B.A., F.Z.S.,5, Bryanston-square, Hyde Park, W. . GunninG, Montague, Narborough, Leicester. Hague, Henry, 2, First-place, Brooklyn, U.S.A, 1890 + Hatt, A. E., Norbury, Pitsmoor, Sheffield. 1885 1898 1891 1891 1877 Hatt, Thomas William, Stanhope, The Crescent, Croydon. Hamuyn-Harris, R., F.Z.S., F.R.M.S., 45, Garten-strasse, Tiibingen, Germany. Hampson, Sir George Francis, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., 62, Stanhope- gardens, S.W. Hanpory, Frederick J., F.LS., Stainforth House, Upper Clapton, N.E. Harpine, George, 9, Bellevue, Clifton, Bristol. 1897 + Harrison, Albert, F.L.S., F.C.S8., 72, Windsor-road, Forest Gate, E. 1889 1892 1881 1898 1888 1891 Harrison, John, 7, Gawber-road, Barnsley. HEADLY, Charles Burnard, Two Elms, Alexandra-road, Stoneygate, Leicester. Henry, George, 38, Wellington-square, Hastings. Heron, Francis A., B.A., British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell-road, S.W. Hiaes, Martin Stanger, F.C.S., F.G.S., Sheba G. M. Co., Eureka City, Transvaal. Hit, Henry Ainslie, 9, Addison Mansions, Kensington, W. 1876 + Hituman, Thomas Stanton, Hastgate-street, Lewes. 1896 1888 1887 1898 1897 1901 Hockine,: The Rey. John, M.A., Copdock Rectory, Ipswich. Hopson, The Rev. J. H., B.A., B.D., Harefield, Ansdell-road, Lytham. Houiand, The Rev. W. J., D.D., Ph.D., 5th Avenue, Pittsburg, Penn., U.S.A. Houman-Hount, C. B., Weddecombra, Watagoda, Ceylon. Horne, Arthur, Ugie Bank, Aberdeen. Hopson, M. F., 16, Rosslyn Hill, N.W. 1876 | Horniman, Fredk. John, M.P., F.LS., F.Z.S., &., Surrey Mount, Forest Hill, 8.E. 1900 (SVE) Howes, George H., Spey-street, Invercargill, New Zealand. 1865 + Hupp, A. E. Clinton, Pembroke-road, Clifton, Bristol. 1888 1897 1893 1891 1886 1869 1898 1886 1899 1886 1889 1888 1894 Hupsoy, Gere Vernon, The Post Office, Wellington, New Zealand, IMAGE, Selwyn, M.A., 20, Fitzroy-street, Fitzroy-square, W. Irpy, Lieutenant-Colonel Leonard Howard Loyd, F.L.S., F.Z.S., 14, Cornwall-terrace, Regent's Parl, N.W. ISsABELL, The Rev. John, Sunnycroft, St. Sennen, R.S.O., Cornwall. JacoBy, Martin, 7, Hemstall-road, West Hampstead, N.W. JANSON, Oliver E., Cestria, Claremont-road, Highgate, N.; and 44, _ Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury, W.C. JANSON, Oliver J., Cestria, Claremont-road, Highgate, N. JENNER, James Herbert Augustus, 209, School Hill, Lewes. JENNINGS, F. B., 152, Silver-street, Upper Edmonton, N. JOHN, Evan, Llantrisant, Pontyclun, R S.O., Glamorganshire. JoHunson, The Rev. W. F., M.A., Acton Rectory, Poyntz Pass, Co. Armagh. Jones, Albert H., Shrublands, Eltham. JongES, Frederic Whitworth, Cleef, Vryburg, British Bechuanaland, Africa. 1894 + JorDAN, Dr. K., The Museum, Tring. 1884 1884 Kane, W. F. de Vismes, M.A., M.R.LA., Drumleaske House, Monaghan. KappeL, A. W., F.L.S., Hilden, 18, Sutton Court-road, Chiswick, W. 1876 ¢ Kay, John Deanma toes, 1896 ¢ Kaye, William James, Caracas, Ditton Hill, Surbiton. 1884 1890 1898 1901 1900, 1889 1861 1893 1889 Keays, Lovell, 26, Charles-street, St. James's, S.W. Kenrick, G. H., Whetstone, Somerset-road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. KeErsHaw, J.A., Worton Banks, Lewisham-road, Windsor, Melbourne, Victoria. Kersuaw, John C. W., Macao, China. Keys, James H., 6, Séishoilr -terrace, Lipson, Plymouth. Kine, J. J. F. x. , Lecturer on Economic Entomology at the West of Scotland Kawicaiedadl College, 1, Athole Gardens-terrace, Kelvin- side, Clam Kirsy, William F., F.L.S. ,H ilden, 18, Sutton Court-road, Chiswick, W. KIRKALDY, Gesu Wallis, St. Abbs, Worple-road, Wimbledon, 8.W. KiaPALex, Preteen Franz, Karlin 263, Prague, Bohemia. 1887 | Kuen, Sydney T., F.LS., F.R.AS., AHatherlow, Raglan-road, 1876 1895 1901 1868 Reigate. Kraatz, Dr, G., 28, Link-strasse, Berlin. % Krantz, Paul, oie 413, Pretoria, Transvaal, South Afri icd. LANE, E. W., 9, Teesdale-street, Hacknéy-rotd, N.E. Lane, Colonel A. M., R.E., Box Grove Lodge, Guildford. ( vai} 1900 Lane, The Rev. H. C., M.D., All Saints’ Vicarage, Southend-on-Sea. 1901 Larny, P. 1., Lynton Villa, Sydney-road, Enfield. 1895 Larter, Oswald H., M.A., Charterhouse, Godalming. 1899 La, Arthur M., Government Entomologist, Hobart, Tasmania. 1901 Lepoux, Dr. C. A., F.L.S., Grahamstown, South Africa. 1900 Lerrroy, H. Maxwell, B.A., Barbados, W. I. 1901 LetaH, George F., corner of Sydenham and Essenwood-roads, Durban, Natal. 1883 LeMany, Fredk. Charles, Blackfriars House, Plymouth. 1892 Lxsuin, J. H., Bryn Glas, 33, Streathbourne-road, Upper Tooting, 5.W. 1898 Lerxapriner, Ambrose G., Knowle, Dunster, Taunton. 1898 Lewis, E. J., Dudwell House, Hden Bridge, Kent. 1876 Lewis, George, F.L.S., 87, Frant-road, Tunbridge Wells. 1892 Licutroot, R. M., Bree-st., Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. 1865 ¢ Lurwetyn, Sir John Talbot Dillwyn, Bart, M.A, F.LS., Penllergare, Swansea. 1881 ¢ Luoyp, Alfred, F.C.S., The Dome, Bognor. 1885 + Luoyp, Robert Wylie, St. Cuthberts, Thurleigh-road, Balham, S.W. 1899. Lounssury, Charles P., B.Se., Government Entomologist, Cape Town, S. Africa. 1894 Lown, The Rev. Frank E., M.A., St. Stephen’s Vicarage, Guernsey. 1893 Lower, Oswald B., St. Oswald’s, Bartley-crescent, Wayville, South Australia. 1901 Lower, Rupert 8., Oswaldton, Bartley-crescent, Wayville, Sout" Australia. 1898 Lucas, William John, B.A., 28, Knight’s Park, Kingston-on- Thames. 1880 Lupton, Henry, Lyndhurst, North Grange-road, Headingley, Leeds, 1901 Lyman, Henry H., M.A., F.R:G.S., 74, McTavish-street, Montreal, Canada. 1887 M‘Dovuaatt, James Thomas, Dunolly, Morden-road, Blackheath, S.E, 1901 McGregor, T. M., 48, Glasqow-road, Perth. 1851 + M‘IntosnH, J. 1888 Mackinnon, P. W., Lynndale, Mussoorie, N.W.P., India. 1900 Mackwoop, The Hon. F. M., M.L.C., Colombo, Ceylon. 1858 McLacutay, Robert, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.8., Treasurer, Westview, 23, Clarendon-road, Lewisham, 8.E. i898 Mappison, T., South Bailey, Durham. 1899 + Main, Hugh, B.Sc., 131, Windsor-road, Forest Gate, E. 1887 MANpDERs, Captain Neville, R.A.M.C., Colombo, Ceylon. : 1892 Manssripa@z, William, Colgate, Horsham, 1894 MarsHALt, Alick, Auchinraith, Bexley, S.O., Kent. 1895 Marswatt, G. A. K., P.O. Box 56, Salisbury, Mashonaland, Suuth Africa, 1896 MarsHatt, P., M.A., B.Sc, F.G.S., University School of Mines, Dunedin, New Zealand, b ( xviii) 1865 MarsHatt, The Rev. Thos. Ansell, M.A., Villa della Croce, Ajaccio, Corsica. 1856 + MarsHatL, William, Auchinraith, Bexley, S.O., Kent. 1897 Martineau, Alfred H., Solihull, Birmingham. 1874 + Mason, Philip Brookes, M.R.C.S., F.L.S., Trent House, Burton-on- Trent. 1895 Massey, Herbert, Zvy-Lea, Burnage, Withington, Manchester. 1865 MartuHew, Gervase F., R.N., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.R.G.S., Lee House, Domes Pemnibhy 1887 MartTHeEws, Cierniden, Stentaway, ‘Piymittoeks Plymouth. 1899 May, Ha Haden, Redlands, Hillbury-road, Upper Tootiny, S.W. 1860 May, John William, K.N.L., 49, Warwick-road, Earls Court, 8.W. 1872 + MeLpoua, Professor Raphael, F.R.S., F.C.S., 6, Brunswick-square W.C 1885 MELVILL, James Cosmo, M.A., F.L.S., 36, George-street, Manchester. 1887 MERRIFIELD, Frederic, 24, Vernon-terrace, Brighton. 1888 Meryer-Darcis, G., c/o Sogin and Meyer, Wohlen, Switzerland. 1880 Meyrick, Edward, B.A., F.Z.S., Elmswood, Marlborough. 1894 Matt, Professor Louis Compton, F.R.S., 8, Spring-road, Headingley, Leeds. 1883 Mies, W. H., The New Club, Calcutta. 1896 Moperty, J. C., M.A., 9, Rockstone-place, Southampton. 1879 Mowrerro, Dy, pe Augusto de Carvalho, 70, Rua do Alecrinar, Lisbon. 1853 Moors, Frederic, D.Sc., A.L.S., F.Z.S., 17, Maple-road, Penge, 8.E. 1899 Moore, Harry, 12, Lower-road, Rotherhithe. 1886 Moraan, A. C, F., F.L.S., 24, Leinster-square, W. 1889 + Moricr, The Rev. F. D., M.A., Fellow of Queen’s College, Oxford, Brunswick, Mount Hermon, Woking. 1895 + Morey, Claude, Zpswich. 1893 Morton, Kenneth J., 13, Blackford-road, Edinburgh. 1900 Moser, Julius, 90, Bulow-strasse, Berlin. 1882 Mostey, S. L., Beawmont Park, Huddersfield. 1898 Mouvustey, H., 10, Selborne-terrace, Manningham, Bradford. 1901 Mutr, Frederick, 86, Christchurch-street, Ipswich. 1869 + Mtuuer, Albert, F.R.G.S., c/o Herr A. Miiller-Mechel, Gren- zacherstrasse, 60, Basle, Switzerland. 1872 + Murray, Lieut.-Col. H., 43, Cromwell Houses, Cromwell-road, S.W. 1896 NesHam, Robert, Utrecht House, Queen’s-road, Clapham Park, S.W. 1889 Nevinson, Basil George, M.A., F.Z.8., 3, Tedworth-square, Chelsea, S.W. 1901 Nervinson, E.G.B., 7, Staple Inn, Holborn; and 3, Tedworth-square, Chelsea. 1890 NewstnEaD, R., The Museum, Chester. 1900 NicHout, Mrs, M. Dela B., Merthyr Mawr, Bridgend, Glamorgdnshire. 1895 1886 1893 1897 1886 1878 1895 1869 1877 Gk 3 NicHoison, Charles, 202, Evering-road, Clapton, N.E. NicnHorson, William E., School Hill, Lewes, NonFrigD, A. F., Rakonitz, Bohemia. Norris, Albert, Church-lane, Napier, New Zealand, Norris, Herbert E., 15, Market-place, Cirencester. Nortipar, Thomas, Ashford, Kent. Norsk, Captain C. G., F.R.G.S., Indian Staff Corps, Deesa, India. OpERTHUR, Charles, Rennes ([lle et Vilaine), France, OBERTHUR, René, Jennes (Ille et Vilaine), France. 1893 + OciE, Bertram S., Steeple Aston, Oxfordshire. 1893 1873 1895 1898 1901 1883 1879 1900 1897 1901 1891 1901 1885 OLIVER, John Baxter, Elmleigh, Elm-row, Hampstead, N.W. OxiviER, Ernest, Ramillons, prés Moulins (Allier), France. Paar, Herbert E., Bertrose, Gellatly-road, St. Catherine’s Park, 8.E. PauLisER, H. G., Chief Engineer, P.W.D., Karachi, India. Prat, Henry Woolner, Indian Musewm, Calcutta. P&RINGUEY, Louis, South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa. PERKINS, Vincent Robt., Wotton-wnder-Edge. Puinips, The Rev. W. J. Leigh, The Cottage, Parkwood-road, Tavistock, Painiirs, Hubert C., M.R.C.S., M. and L.8.A., 262, Gloucester-terrace, Hyde-park, W. PickeTt, C. P., 99, Dawlish-road, Leyton, Essex. Prercr, Frank Nelson, 1, The Elms, Dingle, Liverpool. PrrFaRD, Albert, Felden, Boxmoor, Hemel Hempstead. Pout, J. R. H. Neerwort van de, //eerengracht 476, Amsterdam. 1870 t+ Porritt, Geo. T., F.L.S., Crosland Hall, Huddersfield. 1884+ Pounton, Professor Edward B., M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., F.LS., F.GS., 1851 1878 1893 1898 1900 1874 1900 1893 1891 1898 1890 F.Z.8., Hope Professor of Zoology in the University of Oxford, Vick-PRESIDENT, Wykeham House, Banbury-road, Oxford. Preston, The Rev, Thomas Arthur, M.A,, F.L.S., Thurcaston Rectory, Leicester. Prick, David, 48, West-street, Horsham. Prout, Louis Beethoven, 246, Richmond-road, Dalston, N.E, Quart, Ambrose, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Ratnsow, William J., The Australian Musewm, Sydney, N.S.W. REED, Edwyn C., C.M.Z.S., Rancagua, Chili. ReEtD, Percy Charles, Peering Bury, Kelvedon, Essex, Rep, Captain Savile G., late R.E., The Elms, Yalding, Maidstone. Rep, William, St. Andrews-road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa. REttTon, R. H., c/o Perkins and Co., Ltd., Brisbane, Queensland. RENDLESHAM, The Right Honble. Lord, Rendlesham Hall, Wood- bridge. ( xx ) 1898 Reuter, Professor Enzio, Helsingfors, Finland. 1886 Ruopkss, John, 360, Blackburn-road, Accrington. 1891 RicHarpson, Nelson M., B.A., Monte Video, Weymouth. 1894 Ripine, William Steer, B.A., M.D., Buckerell Lodge, Honiton. 1853 Rrron, The Most Noble the Marquis of, K.G., D.C.L., F.R.S., F-L.S., etc., 9, Chelsea Embankment, S.W. 1892 Roptnson, Sydney C., Goldsmiths’ Hall, E.C. 1869 + Ropinson-Dovetas, William Douglas, M.A, F.LS., F.R.GS,, Orchardton, Castle Douglas. 1890 Rosson, John Emmerson, 15, Northgate, Hartlepool. 1886 Ross, Arthur J., 37, Church Crescent, Muswell Hill, N. 1868 Roruney, George Alexander James, Pembury, Tudor-road, Upper Norwood, 8.E. 1894 + RotuscaiLp, The Honble. Nathaniel Charles, F.Z.S., 148, Piccadilly, W.; and Tring Park, Tring. 1888 + RotuscHILp, The Honble. Walter, D.Sc., M.P., F.Z.S., 148, Picca- dilly, W.; and Tring Park, Tring. 1890 Rovurieper, G. B., Tarn Lodge, Heads Nool:, Carlisle. 1887 Rownanp-Brown, Henry, M.A., Secretary, Oxhey-grove, Harrow Weald. 1898 RussEuy, A., The Limes, Southend, Catford, S.E. 1892 RussE.1, 8. G. C., 19, Lombard street, E.C. 1899 Ryzes, William E., B.A., 11, Waverley Mount, Nottingham. 1886 SaLwey, Reginald E., Sungate, Hook-road, Kingston-on- Thames. 1865 — SAUNDERS, Edward, F.L.S., St. Ann’s, Mount Hermon, Woking. 1861 ¢ SauNDERS, G. 8., 20, Dents-road, Wandsworth Common, 8.W. 1886 SauNnvDERS, Prof. Wm., Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada. 1901 Scuaus, W., F.Z.S., Trentham House, Twickenham. 1881 Scouuick, A. J., Penshurt, Merton-road, Wimbledon, S.W. 1864 Semper, George, Klopstock-strasse 23, Altona, Elbe, Germany. 1862 SwHarp, David, M.A., M.B., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Vick-PRESIDENT, Hawthorndene, Hills-road, Cambridge ; and University Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy, Cambridge. 1883 SHaw, A. Eland, M.R.C.S., Althorpe, Doncaster. 1901 SHELFORD, R., The Museum, Sarawak, Borneo. 1883 ¢ SHELLEY, Capt. George Ernest, F.G.S., F.Z.S., 39, Eyerton-gardens, S.W 1900 + SHEPHEARD-Watwyn, H. W., M.A., Glensyde, Ridborough, Tun- — bridge Wells. 1887 Sicu, Alfred, Brentwood, 65, Barrowgate-road, Chiswick, W. 1901 SKERTCHLY, Ethelbert Forbes, Hongkong. 1901 Smits, Arthur, 5, Cavendish-street, Grimsby. 1901 Smirn, W. G., 164, Wells-road, Knowle, Bristol. 1895 Smita, W. W., Ashburton, Canterbury, New Zealand. ~ 1901 1892 1897 1893 ( Sar ) Sopp, Erasmus John Burgess, F.R.Met.S., Saxholme, Hoylake, S.O., Cheshire. SoutH, Richard, 96, Drakefield-road, Upper Tooting, S.W. SpaRKE, E. G. J., B.A., 1, Christchurch-Villas, Tooting Bec-road, S.W. STANDEN, Richard §., F.L.S., Townlands, Lindfield, Sussex. Stargs, C. L. B, M.R.CS., L.R.C.P., Phe lnfirmary, Wandsworth, S.W. Srparns, A. E., New Mills Cottage, Henley-on-Thames. SreBBine, E. P., Indian Forest Service, c/o King, Hamilton and Co., Calcutta. STEBBING, Henry, The Shawe, Jarvis Brook, Tunbridge Wells. STEVENS, John S., 4, Pope’s Grove, Twickenham. Srraton, C. R., F.R.C.S., West Lodge, Wilton, Salisbury. STRICKLAND, T. A. Gerald, 39, Rosary-gardens, S.W. Strupp, FE. A. C., Downton, near Salisbury. Strupp, E. F., M.A., B.C.L., Oxton, Exeter. Swanzy, Francis, Stanley House, Granville-road, Sevenoaks. SwInHoH, Colonel Charles, M.A., F.L.8., F.Z.8., Avenue House, Oxford. SwWINHOEK, Ernest, Avenue House, Oxford. Swinton, A. H., c/o General Callender, Vineyard, Totnes. Taytor, Charles B., Rae-street, Rue Town, Kingston, Jumaica. Taytor, The Rev. George W., F.R.S. (Canada), St. Alban’s Rectory, Nanaimo, British Columbia. THEOBALD, F. V., M.A., Lecturer in Economic Entomology and Zoology to the South Eastern Agricultural College, Wye Court, near Ashford, Kent. THomePson, Matthew Lawson, 35, Leven-street, Saltburn-by-the-Sea. THORNLEY, The Rev. A., M.A., F.LS., South Leverton Vicarage, Lincoln. Tomuin, B., 69, Liverpool-road, Chester. TOWNSEND, Professor C. H. Tyler, Lus Cruces, New Mexico, U.S.A. 1859 + TrimeN, Roland, M.A., F.RS, F.LS., 19, Emperor's Gate, S.W. 1895 1897 1898 1893 1894 1886 1893 1900 TuNALEY, Henry, 30, Puirmont-road, Brivton Hill, S.W. TunstaLL, Wilmot, Brook House, Meltham, Huddersfield. Turner, A. J., M.D., Wickham Terrace, Brisbane, Australia. TurNER, Henry Jerome, 13, Drakefell-road, St. Cathurine’s Purk, Hatcham, 8.E. Turner, Thomas, Cullompton. Torr, James W., Rayleigh Villu, Westcombe Hill, S.E. Uricu, Frederick William, Port of Spain, Trinidad, British West Indies. 4 Urwick, W. F., 34, Great Tower-street, E.C. 1866 1897 1895 1901 1899 1897 1876 1870 1878 ( pee’ } ~ VERRALL, George Henry, Sussex Lodge, Newmarket. VicE, William A., M.B., 19, Belvoir-street, Leicester. WacHER, Sidney, F.R.C.S., Dane John, Canterbury. WADDINGTON, John, 38, Leicester Grove, Blackman Lane, Leeds. Waopk, Albert, 20, Frenchwood-street, Preston, Lancashire. Watinwaicut, Colbran J., 2, Handsworth Wood-road, Handsworth, Birmingham. , WAKEFIELD, Charles Marcus, F.L.S., Belmont, Uxbridge. Wa ker, The Rey. Francis Augustus, D.D., F.L.8S., Dun Mallard, Cricklewood, N.W. WaLKER, James J., R.N., F.L.S., H.M.S. “Ringarooma,” Sydney, Australia. 1863 | WauLace, Alfred Russel, D.C.L., Oxon., F.B.S., F.LS., F.ZS., Corfe View, Parkstone, Dorset. 1866 | WaLsiIneHAM, The Right Honble. Lord, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., 1886 1869 1901 1900 1893 F.Z.8., High Steward of the University of Cambridge, Jerton Hall, Thetford ; and 66a, Euton-square, 8.W. WaRREN, Win, M.A., 57, Wilton-avenue, Chiswick Lane, W. WaTERHOUSE, Charles O., Ingleside, Avenue-gardens, Acton, W. ; and British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell-road, 5.W. WATERHOUSE, Gustavus A., B.Sc. F.C.8., Waverley, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Watkins, C. J., King’s Mill House, Painswick, Stroud, Gloucester- shire. Wess, Jolin Cooper, 218, Upland-road, Dulwich, S.E. 1876 | WEsTERN, E. Young, 36, Lancaster Gute, Hyde Park, W. 1886 1884 1896 1894 1894 188] 1900 1901 1899 1891 1888 1892 WHEELER, Francis D., M.A., LL.D., Paragon House School, Norwich. WuitE, William, Farnley, New Clive Road, Dulwich, 8.E. WiuEmay, A. E., c/o H.B.M.’s Consul, Kobe, Japan. Wiuson, Edwin, Mill-lane, Cambridge. WotteEy-Dop, F. H., Box 225, Culgary, Alberta, N.W.T., Canada. Woop, The Rev. Theodore, 157, Trinity-roud, Upper Tooting, 8.W. Woon, H., The Old Grammar School, Ashford, Kent. WooprorbE, F. C., Market Drayton. Woouuey, H. 8., 7, Park-row, Greenwich, S.E.; and P. O. Box 1047, Waterbury, Conn., U.S.A. Wrovueuton, R. C., Conservator of Forests, Indian Forest Service, Poona, Bombay Presidency, India; and c/o Army and Navy Co-operative Society, Ltd., 105, Victoria-street, S.W. YrerBuRy, Colonel John W., late R.A., F.Z.S., Army and Navy Club, Pall Mall, S.W. YoupatLE, William Henry, F.R.M.S., 29, Market Place, Cockermouth. C “sam --) ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY DurRinG THE YEAR 1901. Avpricit (J. M.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. } AnpDreEws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. (The Arachnida, ete., by R. I. Pocock; the Jnsecta by G. J. Arrow, A. G. Butler, C. J. Gahan, W. F. Kirby, C. O. Waterhouse, and Lord Walsingham.) 8vo, London, 1900. The Trustees Brit. Mus. NV. H. Arrow (G. J.). [See ANprEws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. | AuRivILLIuS (Chr.). Verzeichniss der von Dr, F. Meinert im Jahre 1891 in Venezuela gesammelten Cerambyciden. [Ofvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 1900.] Verzeichniss einer von den Hersen E. Laman und W. Sjoholm bei Mukinbungu am unteren Congo zusammengebrachten Schmet- _ terlingssammlung. [Ofvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 1900.] Lepidoptera och Coleoptera (Arktiska expeditioner, 1898—190U. ) [Ofvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 1900.] peesnoeey neuer Lepidopteren aus Africa. [Ent. Tidskr., 1901. ] On the Ethiopian Genera of the family Striphnopterygide. [Bihang K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Hand xxvii.] Insekternas sjalslif. 12mo, Stockholm, 1901. The Author, Banxs (N.). Bibliography of the more important contributions to American economic entomology. Part VII. [U.S. Dept. Agric. Div. Ent.] Some Spiders and other Arachnida from Porto Rico. . [Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XXV.] The Smithsonian Institution. Barsey (A.). Les Scolytides de Europe Centrale. 4to, Geneve et Paris, 1901. Purchased. Barrert (C, G.). British Lepidoptera. Vol. VII. The Publishers (L. Reeve and Co.). Bracu (8S. A.), Lowk (V. H.) and Stewart (F. C.). Common diseases and Insects injurious to Fruits. [Bull. No. 170, N. Y. Agric. Expt. Stu., 1899.] The Station. { xxiv ) Bere (C.). Rectificaciones y anotaciones 4 lo Sinopsis de los Hémipteros de Chile de E. C. Reed. [An. del Mus. Nac. de Buenos Aires, Tom. VII.] Substitution dun nom générique d’Hémipteres. [Com. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 1901. ] Des nonnullis speciebus argentine cognitis aut novis généris Epzpe- donotz, Sol. [Com. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 1901.] The Author. BIGNELL (G. C.). The Ichneumonide of South Devon. Pt. II., Braconide. (Trans. Devon Assn. for Advancement of Science, 1901. i ; The Author. BianpForp (W. F. H.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali- Americana. | Bormans (A. de) und Krauss (H.). Forficulide und Hemimeride. [Des Tierrich, Lief. ii., 1900.] Mr. Malcolm Burr. Bruner (L.). [See GopMan (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. | Buckier (W.). Larve of British Butterflies and Moths (Vols. VII—IX.) Kd. by G. T. Porritt. Ray Society. 8vo, London, 1894—1899. Purchased, Burcsss-Sorp (EH. J.). British Burying Beetles. [Science Gossip, Vol. V.] Annual Address to the Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society, Session 1900. Some additional beetles from East Dorset. [Natutalist’s Journal, 1901. ] Some British Diving Beetles. [Science Gossip, Vol. VII. ] Burer (A. G.). [See ANDREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island Catvert (P. P.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. | CHAMBERLIN (R. V.). List of the Myriapod family Lithobiidz of Salt Lake County, Utah, with descriptions of Five new species. [Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIV. ] The Museum. Cuampion (G. C.).. [See GopmMan (F. D.). Biologia Centrali- Americana. | Cuarnoy (D. de). [See Granppreé (A. D. de).] CockERELL (T. D. A.). Observations on Insects. [Bull. No. 35 N. Mex. Coll. Agric., 1900. ] The Author. CoquitteTt (D. W.). A systematic Arrangement of the families of the Diptera. [Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XXIII., 1901] The Museum. New Diptera from Southern Africa. [Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XXIV. ] The Museum. DonistHorrPe (H. St. J. K.). The origin of, and progress in, the study of Myrmecophilous Coleoptera. [Trans. Leicester Lit. and Phil. Soc., VI., 1901.] The Author. Druck (HERBERT). Descriptions of some new species of Lepidoptera from Kast Africa and Tropical America. (Ann. and Mag. N. H., Ser. 7, Vol. VII., 1901.] The Author. ( xxv ) Fetr (A. P.). Memorial of life aud Entomological work of J. A. Lintner... [Suppt. to 14th Report of the State Entomologist, Bull. N. Y. State Mus., Vol. V., No. 24.] 8vo, Albany, 1899. 16th Report of the State Entomologist on Injurious and: other Insects of the State of New York. [Bull. N. Y. State Mus., Vol. VII., No. 36, 1900. | Illustrated Descriptive catalogue of some of the more important Injurious and Beneficial Insects of New York State. (Bull. N. Y. State Mus., Vol. VIII., No. 37, 1900.] The Museum, FENELON (Vicomte F. de Salignac). Origines et distribution Géographique de la faune d’Europe. [Soc. @hist. Nat. de Toulouse, 1901. ] The Author. Foret (A.). Expériences et remarques critiques sur les sensations des Insects, I et IT. [Riv. di Sci. Biologiche, Vol. II., Como, 1900. ] Critique des experiences farites dés 1887, avec quelques nouvelles expériences, ITI—V. [Riv. di Biologia générale, Vol. III., Como, 1901. ] Einige neue Ameisen aus Siidbrasilien, Java, Natal und Mossamedes. [Mittheil. der sch. ent. ges., Bd. X.] Formiciden des naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Nouvelles espeéces de Ponerinz. [Rev. Suisse de Zool., 1901. ] Formiciden aus dem Bismarck-archipels. Variétés Myrmecologiques. [ Aun. Soc. Ent. Belgique, 1901.] { Fourmis mexicaines. ( Propos de la classification des Fourmis. [Ann. Ent. Soc. Belgique, 1901. ] The Author. Gauan (C. J.). [See AnpREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. ] GopmAN (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. Araneidea, by O. and F, O. Pickard-Cambridge. Insecta, by J. M. Aldrich, W. F. H. Blandford, L. Bruner, P. P. Calvert, G. C. Champion, F. D. Godman, A. L. Melander, A.P. Morse, O. Salvin, W. M. Wheeler, and 8. W. Williston. Parts CLXI.—CLXIX. The Editor. GRANDPRE (A. D. de) et CHarmoy (D. de). Les Moustiques. St. Louis, Mauritius. The Authors. Hampson (Sir George F., Bart.). Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalzene in the British Museum, Vol. III., Arctiadee (Arctianz) and Agaristidz, text and plates, 1901. The Trustees Brit. Mus. N. H. Hoiianp (W. J.). The Lepidoptera of Buru. Parts I and II. [Novitates Zoologice, Vol. VII. ] The Author. The Butterfly Book. Royal 8vo, New York, 1900. Purchased. Howanrpd (L. O.). The Principal Insects affecting the Tobacco Plant. [U. 8. Dept. Agric. Farmers’ Bull., No. 120.] ILLIDGE (R.) and Quaint (A.). Australasian wood-boring Hepialide. The Authors. The Dept. Agric. (eet J Kirpy (W. F.). [See ANDREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas : Island. | KirKALpy (G. W.). On some Rhynchota principally from New Guinea ~ (Amphibionide and Notonectidz). [Ann. del Mus. Civ. di Storia Nat. di Genova, Vol. XX., Ser. 2.] The British and Finnish Species of the Orthopterous Genus, Acrydiun. [Entomologist, 1901.] Six new Reduviide from Sumatra. [Notes Leyden Mus., Vol. XXIII, 1901. ] The Author. Krauss (H.) [See Bormans (A. de). | KRrieGER (R.). Ueber die Ichneumoniden-Gattung Certonotus, Kriechb. Hymen.) [Z. f. Hymenop. u. Dipt. Hft. 3, 1901, Leipzig.] The Author. Lucas (R.) und Serpritz G. Bericht-Gebiete der Entomologie des Jahres, 1898, Hft. 1. Purchased. LorruovusE (T. A.). A Few notes on Lepidoptera that have been recorded for the Cleveland district during past years. [Proc. Cleveland Nat. Field Club, 1900.] The Author. LonestarFF (G. B.). Lepidoptera observed in the parish of Mortehoe, North Devon. 8vo, London, 1901. The Author. LowE (V.H.). Miscellaneous notes on Injurious Insects. [Bull. No. 180, N. Y. Agric. Expt. Stn., 1900.] The Station. MELANDER (A. L.). [See GopMan (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. | Morsz (A. P.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. } OrMEROD (Miss E.). Report of injurious insects during the year 1900. The Author. Preckuam (G. W.) and PeckHam (HE. G.). Spiders of the Phidippus-group of the family Attide. (Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci., Vol. XIII. ] The Authors. Perincuky (L.). Descriptive catalogue of the Coleoptera of South Africa. The Author. PICKARD-CAMBRIDGE (F. O.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali- Americana. | ———(0O.). List of British and Irish Spiders. 8vo, Dorchester, 1900. Purchased. [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. | Pocock (R. I.). [See ANDREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. ] Quaint (A.). [See Intipex (R.).] Raconor (E. L.). Diagnoses of North-American Phycitide and Galleriide. 8vo, Paris, 1887, Nouveaux Genres et espéces de Phycitide et Galleriide. 8vo, Paris 1887. Purchased. Reset (H.). [See SrauDIncER (O.).] Savin (V.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americaua. ] ( sxe) Saussure (H. de) und Zeunrer (L.). Myriopoden aus Madagaskar und Zanzibar. [Abh. der Zenck. natur. Ges. Bd., XXVI.] Lhe Authors. Sripiitz (G.). [See Lucas (R.).] Semper (G.). Die Schmetterlinge der Philippinschen Inseln. Band. II. Die Nachtfalter-Heterocera. Lfg.4. 4to, Wiesbaden, 1900. The Author. SuinGeRLAND (M. V.). Cornell University Agric. Expt. Station. nt. Division. Bulletin No. 33. Wireworms (Nov. 1891). os » 44. The Pear-tree Psylla (Oct. 1892). “ » 78: The Cabbage Root Maggot (Nov. 1894). - ,, 83. A Plum Scale in W. New York (Dec. 1894). ts , 93. The Cigar-Case Bearer in W. New York (May 1895). = ,, 107. Wireworms and the Bed Moth (Jan. 1896), a , 108. Tbe Pear Psylla and the New York Plum Scale (Jan. 1896). 99 » 128. Green Fruit Worms (Dec. 1896.) © ,, 124. The Pistol-Case Bearer in W. New York (Jan. 1897). * » 126. The Currant Stem Girdler and the Raspberry- Cane Maggot (Feb. 1897). ¢ » 133. The Army-Worm iu New York (April 1897). s , 142. The Codling Moth (Jan. 1898). S. , 148. The Quince Curculio (May 1898). é ,, 157. The Grape-vine Flea-beetle (Dec. 1898). 3 » 172. The Cherry Fruit-fly (Sept. 1899). i » 176. The Peach-Tree Borer (Dec. 1899). 3 , 185. The Common European Burying Mantis (Nov. 1900). = », 187. The Palmer-worm (Jan. 1901). a , 190. Three unusual Strawberry pests (May 1901). FS ,, 192. Experiments upon Peach-Tree Borer (May 1901). The Plum-twig Gall-Mite. [Canad. Ent., Dec. 1895.] The Agrotis subgothica of Haworth, again. [Canad. Ent., Dec, 1896. ] The Crinkled Flannel Moth. [Canad. Ent., Jan. 1897.] The Blueberry Span-worm and the Bumble Flower-beetle. [Canad. Ent., March 1897. | Insect pests of 1898. [Proc. 44th Ann. Meeting W. New York Hortic. Soc., 1899.] A Glance into the past and future, and some of the insect episodes of 1900. [Proc. 46th Ann. Meeting of W. New York Hortic. Soc., 1901.] Insects and Insecticides. [Cyclopedia of American Horticulture. | The Author. () sya =} SputerR (A.). Die Schmetterlinge Europas. Dritte anflage von E, Hofmann gleichnamigen Werke. [Lief. I—III.]. 4to, Stuttgart, 1901. Purchased. STAUDINGER (O.) und Reser (H.). Catalog der Lepidopteren des Pale- arctischen Faunengebietes. 8vo, Berlin, 1901. Purchased. STEFANELLI (P.). Nuova Catalogo Illustrativo dei Lepidotteri Ropaloceri della Toscania. ; [ Bull. Soc. Ent, Italiana, 1900.] The Author. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (Division OF ENTOMOLOGY), (New Series). Bull. No. 27. Some insects injurious to the Violet, Rose and other Ornamental plants. by F. H. Chittenden. No. 28. Insect enemies of the Spruce in the North-east, by A. D. Hopkins. No. 29. The Fall Army-worm and variegated Cutworm, by F. H. Chittenden. No. 30. Some Miscellaneous results of the work of the division of Entomology, by L. O. Howard. Farmers’ Bulletins. Bull. No. 130. The Mexican Cotton-Boll Weevil, by J’. W. Mally. No. 132. The principal insect enemies of growing wheat, by C. L. Marlatt. The Dept. Agric. Verravy (G. H.). British Flies, Vol. VIIT.—Platypezidx, Pipunculidz and Syrphide of Great Britain. Svo, London, 1901. The Author. WaALsINGHAM (Lord). [See ANDREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. | WarrEN (W.). New Uraniidx, Epiplemidze and Geometride from the Oriental and Palaearctic regions. | Novitates Zoologicz, 1901. ] New Thyridide, Epiplemidz and Geometride from the Aethiopian region. [Novitates Zoologice, 1901. | New Genera and species of American Drepanulidee, Thyrididz Epiplemidz and Geometride. [Novitates Zoologicz, 1900. ] The Author. WATERHOUSE (C. O.). [See ANDREws (C. W.). A Monograph of Christmas Island. | Ween (C. M.). The Spiny Elm Caterpillar. [Bull. No. 67, N. H. Coll. Agric. Exp. Stn., 1899. ] The Author. WHEELER (W.M.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali- Americana. | WILKINSON (J. J.). The Pharynx of the Eristalis Larva. 8vo, London 1901. The Author. Witutston (8. W.). [See Gopman (F. D.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. } ZEHNTER (L.). Zur Anatomie der Copulationsfusse exotischer Juliden. [Zool. Anzeigers, 1901.) The Author. [See SaussurE (H. de). ] ( xem”) Periodicals and Publications of Societies. AFRICA. Carr Town. South African Philosophical Society. Transactions, Vol. XI. The Society. South African Museum. Annals. Vol. IL., Pts. 1-5. Trustees S. Afr. Mus, AMERICA (NORTH). CANADA. Hatirax. Nova Scotian Institute of Science. Proceedings and Transactions. Vol. X., Pt. 2. The Institute. Lonpon, OnTarIoO. The Canadian Entomologist. Vol. XX XIII, 1901. By Exchange. MontTreAL. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and ‘Transactions. Ser. 2, Vol. VI., 1900. The Society. Ontario. Ent. Soc. of Ontario, 31st Report, 1900, The Society. UNITED STATES. - New York. N.Y. Entomological Society. Journal,1901. Purchased. Annual Rept. Smithsonian Institution, 1898. The Museum. PHILADELPHIA. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Proceedings, 1901. By Exchange. Entomological News, Vol. XIT., 1901. By Exchange. American Entomological Society. Transactions, 1901. By Exchange. WASHINGTON. Entomological Society. Proceedings, Vol. 1V., 1901. . Purchased. U.S. National Museum. Proceedings, Vol. X XI. The Museum. U.S. Nat. Mus. Report, 1898. WEST INDIBS. Barpapbors. West Indian Bulletin. Vol. II. My, F. Du C. Godman, AMERICA (SOUTH). ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Corposa. Bol. XVI. The Museum, Buenos Arres. Boletin de da Acad, Nac de Ciencias en Cordoba. Tomo XVI. Ent. 1—4. The Acad. Nat. ASIA. INDIA. Bompay. Natural History Society. Journal. Vol. XIII., No. 3—5. male By Exchange, ( xxx) AUSTRALASIA, ADELAIDE. Royal Society of South Australia. Transactions. Vol. XXIV. Vol. XXY., Pi. 1, by Exchange. PertH. Journal Agricultural Department of West Australia. Vol. III. The Society. Sypnty. The Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, 1901. Agric. Dept. Linnean Society of New South Wales. Proceedings, 1901. by Exchange. NEW ZHALAND. WELLINGTON. New Zealand Institute, Transactions and Proceedings, Vol. XXXIII, 1901. The Institute. HUROPH. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. Brinn. Verhand. der naturf. Vereines in Brunn. Bd. XXXVIII. 1899. By Exchange. Bupaprst. Termés zetrajzi Fiizetek, kiadja a Magyar nemzeti Muzeum. Vol, XXIV, 1901. by Exchange. ViENNA. 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By Exchange. DrespvENn. “Iris.” Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift. 1901. By Exchange. FRANKFORT. Senckenbergische naturforschende Gesellschaft. Bericht. 1900. Abhandl’ 25 u. 26. By Exchange. Hatir. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch Carolinischen Deut- schen Akademie der Naturforscher. Bd. LXXV.—LXXVIII. SteTtin. Entomologischer Verein. Entomologische Zeitung. Jahrg. 1901. By Exchange. WIESBADEN. Nassauischer Verein fiir Naturkunde. Jahrbicher. Jahrg. By Exchange. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Dupin. Roy. Dublin Society. Transactions and Proceedings. 1900. By Exchange. Giasgow. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1900. By Exchange. Leeps. Naturalist (The). 1901. The Yorks. Nat. Union. Trans. Yorks. Nat. Union, 1900. The Yorks. Nat. Union. Lonpon. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 1901. By Purchase. Atheneum, 1901, The Publishers. Entomologist (The). 1901. R. South. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine. 1901. The Editors. Linnean Society of London. 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By Exchange. RUSSIA. | Moscow. Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. Bulletin. 1900. By Exchange. Sr. PETERSBURG. Sociétas Eidiuuselaics Rossiczee. Hore. Tome XXXIV. 00, By Exchange. Annuaire du musée zoologique de l’académie impériale des sciences de St. Petersburg. T.V. No.4. T. VI. No. 1. Mr. F. D. Godman. SWEDEN. StockHotm. Entomologisk Tidskrift. 1900. By Exchange. SWITZERLAND. GENEVA. Société de ‘per et d’Histoire Naturelle. Mémoires. Vol. XXXITT. Pt. 2 By Exchange. ScHAFFHAUSEN. Schweizerische entomologische Gesellschaft. Mitthei- lungen. Bd. X., Hft. 8. By Exchange. TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON For THE YEAR 1901. I. Observations on some species of Orina, a genus of viviparous and ovo-viviparous Beetles. By GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., and THomMAs ALGERNON CHAPMAN, M.D., F.Z.S. Reported by Dr. THOMAS ALGERNON CHAPMAN. [Read December 5th, 1900.] PuaTEs I. ann II. THOUGH not our first meeting with examples of this genus, we were, last year at Fusio (Tessin, Switzerland), attracted by a species that we believed to be O. gloriosa, which led to our taking an increased interest in the Oring. These were rather large Chrysomela-like beetles, some specimens being about half-an-inch long. Their coloration varied immensely, through blue, blue-green, green with a blue stripe, bright metallic grass-green, and the same with blue or coppery stripes, the latter being very handsome, and fully justifying its various synonyms of gloriosa, superba, speciosa. Some of the blue-green specimens were so dark as to be almost black. The most dissimilar forms were secured 7 copuld, and these with series of the several forms were exhibited at the meeting of the Entomological Society on February 7th, 1900. This striking variation suggests these beetles as very suitable for experiments on heredity and variation, especially as our experience this year shows that they are very easy to rear. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) Il 2 Mr.G.C, Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s The larve feed up rapidly in confinement, and submit to various conditions without apparently suffering in health, The little attention we gave to these beetles in 1899 led us to believe that there were several closely allied forms which varied in much the same manner, so that an arrangement of the specimens by colour alone, would look much more natural, than each species by itself if represented by all its varieties. This year we came across a colony of a very similar insect at Pontresina, a species that seemed to have almost precisely the same range of variation as 0. gloriosa. This species turned out to be Orina vittigera, and presented not a few of the “superb” copper-striped form that does not appear to have been recognised as occurring in vitti- gera, and which is certainly not so common as we found it in the Fusio insect. We felt constrained to take a con- tinued interest in these from the variety point of view. One of the first things, however, that I noticed when looking at them on their food-plant, was a female beetle, laying, not eggs, but larve. The fact that the species was viviparous was new to us at the time, and led us to make further observations. We find, however, that this habit had been recorded, so far back as 1855, by M. Perroud (Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1855), and has since been noticed by other entomologists, especially by Herr J. Weise. With the single exception of a note in the Ent. Monthly Mag. Vol. XI., we can find no allusion to this habit in any English (or American) Journals or Text-books; the latter indeed refer to Schiodte’s! observations on certain termitophilous Staphylinide as being all that is known of viviparity in Coleoptera. We afterwards secured three other species of Orina from which we were able to obtain eggs or larve and to rear the latter to full growth, so that we are able to add a little to what has hitherto been recorded, as well as having had the pleasure of observing some interesting facts, practically unknown to English Entomologists. The papers we have been able to find bearing on the life- history of these beetles are not numerous; it may be use- ful to give the following short account of them :— M. Perroud’s original note records how he brought home specimens of O. gloriosa (from near the Grande Chartreuse), and found small larve in his boxes that he 1 Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. 1857. Observations on some species of Orina. 3 was sure were not put there in the field, at which he was naturally greatly astonished. He followed the matter up so as to prove that the beetle actually laid living larve. He did not rear these, but he describes the young larva, with some doubtful items in the accounts of its mouth parts. Herr Letzner gives an account of the larva of Orina cacalz in the Bericht. Schlesien. Gesells. for 1856, p. 106. He gives the food-plants as Cacalia (= Adenostyles) albifrons and Senecio nemorensis. I have not been able to refer to this paper. In the “ Petites Nouvelles Entomologiques” for October Ist, 1874, M. L. Bleuse relates his experience of Chrysomela venusta. This article was translated and appears in German in the Ent. Nachr. for 1875, p. 24, and in English in the Ent. Monthly Mag. for Nov. 1874. It is the only notice of the whole subject that I can find in any English form. This species fed on Helosciadium nudiflorum, on which he had found the beetle. He notes that the larve moulted twice, and went to earth on the 16th to 18th day. He notes the young larve as being laid with the end of the abdomen against the leaf, and being of a pale green- yellow colour, but quickly became brown, and at the end of ten minutes were feeding on the leaf. J. Weise, Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1883, p. 243, gives a list with critical and‘descriptive notes of some Swiss Oring, mentioning nine species presenting material for remark, followed by a table for discriminating the species of the genus, including 22 species. There are no remarks on habit or life-history. J. Weise, Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1885, p. 4038, gives an account of the development and rearing of Orina. The certainty of naming the species of the genus by the form of the penis, in comparison with previous doubt- ful determinations, is mentioned with satisfaction, and the further desirability of rearing the several species is dwelt on. It is pointed out that if you cannot collect the beetles yourself, you can get some one to send you gravid females with the supply of the food-plant. That larve are laid freely and are very easy to rear and can be fed on some allied obtainable food-plant, if their true one does not grow where you are. In this way he obtained the beetles and larvee of Orina alpestris, var. polymorpha, from the Herr Pfarrer Gutheil of Dornfeld near the Konigsee. He carefully describes the 4 Mr. G.C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s process of laying the larvze, and describes the young and full- grown larve, which he fed on Anthriscus sylvestris, failing Cherophyllum nitidum or aromaticum, their proper food. He notes the larva of 0. alpestris to be near that described of O. superba by Perroud—both differing considerably from that of O. cacalizx. In the Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschrift for 1886, p. 29, Herr Oberstlieutenant A. Schultze gives a description of the larva of O. plagiata, which he found freely along with the beetles in mid July on the Babia Gora in the Bistrathal. They fed on Doronicum austriacum, Jacq. There are some useful notes by Herr Schultze, and also by Herr J. Weise on the precise food-plant and the range and habitat of O. plagrata. In the Bulletin of the Italian Entomological Society for 1889 (Vol. XXI. p. 46), Dr. Silvio Calloni, of Pavia, relates his observations on Orina speciosissima, an insect which he associates with Gentiana purpurea and a species of Galeopsis. The beetle occurred on the leaves of a robust Galeopsis to which no desire for feeding attracted them, but because the leaves afforded satisfactory pairing stations. He remarks on the tenacity with which pairs of the beetles failed to separate on various disturbances. They remained paired during the jolting of descending the mountain, and afterwards for three days and a half during which they did not eat; the male then ate a little, but the female not till the fifth day. The female laid half a score little larve, which he says must have been incubated in the vagina. After the considerable detail he gives of the pairing, one is disappointed to have no indication of how long after it was when the young larve were laid. He refers to Bleuse’s notes in the “ Feuilles des Jeunes Naturalistes,” and says his is the first observation on O. spectosissima. In the Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschrift for 1894, p. 250, J. Weise has further remarks on the genus Orina. He describes a larva on Centaurea as being that of O. rugulosa, var. nigritula. As he did not see it laid, or rear it, he mentions its identification with a shade of doubt. The description is very close (only the young larva is described) to that of our Centaurea feeder (O. tristis), The rest of the paper is critical of the imagines. In the Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschrift for 1897, p. 394, Herr Weise gives an account of Orina alpestris and O. in- tricata, saying how he found he was rather early for them Observations on some species of Orina. 5 on July 10, but after nine days obtained both sexes. He describes the pairing, which he says lasts all day. Refer- ring to having previously dealt with O. alpestris (D. E. Z. 1885), he describes in some detail the egg-laying of 0. intricata, describes the larva, how it assumes its activity just after being laid, and how voracious it is. The food of these was Senecio nemorensis, and a large Petasites, prac- tically the same as of O. cacaliv. The difference between the larvee of O. alpestris and O. intricata is noticed. M. Schicdte’s observations on Staphylinide (Aleocharids) in termites’ nests appeared in 1856. His specimens were too much altered in spirit to enable him to make anything of the interior anatomy of the beetle, but in the mass filling the distended 2 abdomen he found eggs and larve in all stages of development, many of the latter being fully matured for external existence. In recording our notes, the primary difficulty is to know what names our insects are entitled to, and as there seemed to be no equally satisfactory way of solving this problem, we submitted the specimens to Herr J. Weise for his opinion. We are able, therefore, to give the deter- mination of the four species noticed on his authority. The first species we dealt with, that taken at Pontresina (in the wood on the way up to Muottas Pontresina and elsewhere), is thus determined to be Orina vittigera, Suffr. It is probably not the same as that observed by M. Perroud, and called by him 0. speciosa, Panz. (superba, Olivier), 0. vittigera not apparently reaching so far north as his locality. His beetle was attached to Laszrpitiwm - latifolium, whilst ours was confined to Peucedanwm ostruth- wm. We saw the Laserpitium frequently, but always without any beetles. The O. superba we met with at Guarda was possibly the same as his; the larve of this ate the Peueedanum, and also took readily to Angelica sylves- tris, which the O. vittigera would merely nibble. It is possible, however, that there is a greater range of food- plant than we observed, since we know that many insects are at first indifferent, which of a number of plants they eat, but are averse, even to the extent of starvation, to eat- ing afterwards any but the species they began with. Mr. Burrows’ recent observations on the Geometrid moth Luchloris smaragdaria well illustrate this circumstance. What we saw on several occasions was a beetle placing on a leaf, generally on the underside, as she would place 6 Mr.G.C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s an egg,a fully developed young larva. On one occasion the young larva seemed accompanied by a shred of mem- brane that attached it to the leaf. Another larva apparently had to free its legs from some membranous matter. But on all other occasions, we could be sure of nothing in the way of membrane or egg-shell accompanying the young larva. The young larve were close on 2 mm. in length, were placed with their anal extremities to the leaf and remained in that position, with head depressed, and legs appressed to the body, for perhaps a minute. Very _ quickly, however, the young larva was moving about, and within the hour had eaten a small circular hole in the leaf on which it was laid. The larva at first was quite white and colourless, and to a great degree transparent. The coloured parts being the jaw-tips, the six eye-spots, and the nine pairs of spiracles. It assumed the normal black colour in a few hours,in a closed box. I did not ascertain, but believe it does so more rapidly exposed to light and air. The parturient female is expanded to considerable dimensions, the elytra failing by a considerable distance to cover the abdomen. She lays from three to six or even more young at a time, or at least at intervals of a few minutes, and does this once or twice a day, but not every day, for a number of days. One specimen, for instance, laid larve from July 4 (or before) till July 26th: on the 8th it laid six; by the 13th it had laid eleven more; by the 15th, seven or eight more; 18th, six more; 20th, one; 22nd, seven; by the 26th, eight more. Altogether I separated twenty individual females with similar results. These observations of separate beetles were begun on July 7th with beetles that had already deposited some larve. One beetle from this date to the 26th (19 days) deposited 57 larve, another 56, and another 43 in the same period ; these beetles were noted as large. Of two slender ones, one laid 11 larve up to the 22nd and then ceased; the other laid 43 by the 22nd and then died ; a greatly expanded beetle laid 37 by the 26th and then ceased. That was the last date on which any observed beetle laid any eggs. Though the beetles were previously ill-used in the matter of being kept in the dark or nearly so in very small boxes (some in pill-boxes with glass lids, others in tins), they were supplied with plenty of food. Observations on some species of Orina. 7 One or two larve were deposited by beetles taken later, up to August 6th, but none after. Whether they naturally finish the process at this date I don’t know, but it is very probable. Still it must be noted that no laying beetles were taken at later dates, and that specimens brought home to England were fed on an unacceptable diet of which they partook most sparingly. The beetles during August and September died con- tinually by ones and twos, but there were still a dozen or so alive on October Ist, and one that died at that date was very shrunken, had no food in the alimentary canal, but had some small eggs in nearly all of the ovarian tubes. About half-a-dozen were still alive on November 4th. The beetles in captivity were frequently found to be pairing, but without result. These facts suggest that there may be something more to learn, if observations could be made when a good supply of the natural food was obtainable. I have but slight acquaintance with the literature of viviparity in insects, and consequently do not know whether anything very definite has been recorded as to where the oya are fertilised and where development within the ovum takes place. In the “sheep-tick” only one egg appears to be matured at a time, and this seems to rest for a con- siderable time in the dilated oviduct which acts appar- ently as a uterus. In Melophagus it may therefore be that fertilisation of the ovum takes place much in the way that it does in the majority of insects, viz. in the oviduct and from a spermatheca. In Scatophaga and other dip- terous genera, ova are said to be retained in a dilated ovi- duct till they hatch, larve being laid. In Orina vittigera this is certainly not the case; the development of the ova takes place in the ovarian tubes, of which there are two bundles of about 20 in each, from each of which bundles a tube meets its fellow to form the common oviduct, the parts being arranged in the same way as in the majority of insects. In the tubes larve ready for hatching are found at their lower ends, whilst higher up are smaller larve. The appearances show that the larva grows considerably in the oviduct after it has developed sufficiently to show eye-spots, and still smaller bodies further up are probably not eggs for fertilisation, but partially developed larvee. Some of these are very similar to the larvee just showing eye-spots, and 8 Mr. G.C. Champion and Dr. T, A. Chapman’s a few of the latter are only about half the length of the fully developed larva. This line of investigation is one that I have little acquaintance with, and the specimens examined were brought home in glycerine, and did not — seem to be so satisfactory to handle as fresh ones, so that I cannot give such full details as are desirable. The remarkable structure of the penis and its great length may or may not have some relation to the fact of fecundation of the ova taking place in the ovarian tubules. I do not attach much importance to the frequent pairings observed in captive specimens, especially as these led to no progeny being developed, 7. ¢e. I doubt whether the successively deposited larve are the result of successive fertilisations, as this would imply an extraordinary form of superfeetation. J incline to think that the succes- sively deposited larvee come forward in the order they do, in consequence of the amount of nutriment supplied them leading to their maturing at recurrent periods. I express the opinion, not, as holding it with any tenacity, for which I have little grounds, but merely to point out one of the many physiological problems that this case presents. Another Orina, which we met with in quantity at several places, especially in the Val Roseg at Pontresina, is one of which we had little dowbt as to the correct determination, and this has been confirmed by Herr Weise. Its characters are more definite and distinctive. This is Orina cacaliw, Schr., of which we found both larvee and imagines on a species of Adenostyles, and in a tall Solidago-like Senecio, probably S. nemorensis, The larve were not very numerous, and were in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars, but we could find no young ones, nor any gravid beetles. The beetles of this species brought home would eat coltsfoot (Zussilago farfara), but obviously did not like it, and I found they did better, but not well, on groundsel, Senecio vulgaris, Of all the beetles I brought home and fed here, none of O. vittigera and only one of O.cacalix produced young. This, however, enabled me to see the young larva, and to determine that this species produces larve and not eggs. These larvee were not laid till September, and some of them died. Some laid on September 11th moulted for the third time on the 28th, and these, the last deposited, seemed to thrive on groundsel. Only ten or twelve were OO Observations on some species of Orina. 9 laid, and a full month elapsed between the capture of the beetles and the deposit of the larve. I had both sexes of the beetles, and there were frequent pairings, but as happened also with O. vittigera, nothing came of them in-any case in which I separated the beetles for observation—so that I do not know the period of gesta- tion of either beetle. At Guarda we met sparingly with two other species of Orina. These were determined by Herr Weise to be 0. gloriosa, Fabr., and O. tristis, Fabr., var. smaragdina. I brought home one living female of each of these, and was fortunate enough to obtain larve. Both these beetles very much resemble 0. vittigera in appearance, and it was not till 1 had the larva that I was satisfied of the specific distinctness of O. gloriosa. This species was found near the mill at Cloza. The young larve were with the parent beetle when I got home; they were clearly laid as larvee, as they were well advanced, had no egg-shells present, and were very like those of O. vutigera at the same age. Taking them to be, possibly, 0. vittigera, I gave them Peucedanum ostruthiwm as long as I had any, and then offered them Angelica sylvestris, which they readily took to, in a way that neither beetles nor larvee of O. vittigera would do. There were only three of them, and two of them fed up and went down. Like the other species they fed up in about a month, during which they moulted three times. The other species taken at Guarda, and which Herr Weise has determined to be 0. tristis, Fabr. (lwetwosa, Oliv.), var. smaragdina, Weise, has a very smooth disc to the pro- thorax. I thought the beetle seemed attached to Cen- taurea, and fed the larve on Centaurea scabtosa success- fully. - The remarkable difference between this species and the others is that it is oviparous and not viviparous ; yet the beetles and larvee are very close indeed to those of O. gloriosa and O. vittigera, and belong to the group of which it is so difficult to distinguish the species, and differ from 0. cacaliz, which is tolerably distinct in both stages, and yet is viviparous like 0. gloriosa and O. vittigera. The egg of O. tristis is of a very definite firm structure, with a solid shell, from which the beetle does not hatch for several days after it is deposited. The beetle emerges by a longitudinal slit, starting at one apex, and extending down one side of the egg two-thirds of its 10 Mr. G.C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman's length. The egg-shell retains the form of the egg and its surface presents a fine hexagonal network. The difference is thus great between O. tristis and the other species, but physiologically it is less than at first sight appears. The egg that 0. tristis lays is not strictly speaking an ego, 2. ¢. a mass of germinal and food material that will develop into a larva, it is really a larva enclosed in an egg-shell. When the egg is laid, the larva within is very plain, and though otherwise colourless, jaws, spiracles, and eye-spots are conspicuous. It is obvious, therefore, that the egg is fertilised, some considerable period before it is laid, and that development goes on in the interval, precisely as in O. vittigera and O. cacaliz, and there is no reason to doubt, in precisely the same way, that is, whilst the eggs are still in the ovarian tubes. My beetle only laid a few eggs and then died; I should imagine, these were the last of a long series similar to those of O. vittigera. _ It may be well to mention what we observed of the habits of the larvee before entering on the characters of those of each species. When first laid or hatched the larve inflate themselves with a certain amount of air, and increase considerably in size. This seems to be a common occurrence in insects, and seems to be necessary to secure tension of the dermis to give a fulcrum for muscular action, when such tension is. not obtained by fat, or food in the alimentary canal or other solid material. The only larvee we saw much of at large were those of O. vittigera, and in a less degree O. cacaliz. Where the young larve of O. vittigera are laid, there they nibble a circular hole in the leaf, and amongst a mass of the food-plant, leaves with numerous small circular holes show where larve have been laid. The parent beetles eat a great deal, but they nearly always eat from the edge of the leaf. At the end of the first week of July, there were already a good many young larve, judging by the holes in the leaves, and there were none of any size, so that egg (2) lay- ing does not begin till July. But we were at first puzzled about the larva, because we could not see any at all, except a few newly laid ones. We found, however, that after their first meal, they went off to hide in the growing heads of the Peucedanwm. When the flowering stem is, Observations on some species of Orina. 11 as it is at this date, about as high as the leaves, it terminates in a large knob, consisting of the large petioles inclosing the young leaves and inflorescence, and it was in the somewhat globular cavity so constituted and along with the young flowers, that the little larvae were hidden away sometimes in very large numbers. The habits of the full- grown larve are not known to us, as we had left the habitat at the proper date for observing them. We were rather struck by this hiding-habit of the larvee of O. vitti- gera, as we were familiar with the larve of O. cacahe, which live fully exposed at all ages. The larvze hatched about July 7th were full grown and entered some earth provided for them on August 7th; some were ready to go down a few days earlier, but were not afforded the opportunity. They moulted three times whilst feeding up. In the earth they make a cavity rather large for their size, smoothly rounded within, without any silk or other obvious addition. There is a certain close family likeness amongst all these Orina larvee. All of them have the abdominal seg- ments so swollen that one would perhaps describe their form best, at least when they are at rest, by terming them spherical, with some modifications. These would be chiefly that the 2nd and 3rd thoracic segments, which are like the abdominal segments dorsally, form a some- what narrowed neck to which the first thoracic and head form a short, thick termination, also the venter is flattened, and the anal segments are slightly produced. When the larva is active, and especially in the earlier periods of each stage, it is capable of more cylindrical extension, and of producing the apical segments to a point terminated by a sucker, or pseudopod, and the head and thorax instead of being appendages to a sphere are half the length of the insect. The larva of O. gloriosa is very like that of O. vittigera in nearly all respects except colour: instead of being black it is orange-yellow, or terra-cotta coloured. The skin is, however, thick and strong,and does not allow the trachez to be seen dorsally as is the case with the transparent skin just after a moult. The length is 16 or 17 mm., width 5to6mm. The prothoracic plate is large and covers the second and third thoracic segments when the larva 12. Mr.G.C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s assumes its globular resting attitude. The prothorax is 3.5 mm. wide, narrowed in front, smooth and shining; except on the head and at the margin of the plate, the larva is glabrous, these parts carrying some short hairs. The tips of the jaws, some of the mouth-parts, and portions of the leg-plates are dark brown. The six eye- spots are black, the spiracles are dark. The prothoracic dorsum looks smooth and shining. The abdomen is much less so, as each segment is not only divided into two subsegments with subsidiary depressions, but each sub- seoment is minutely wrinkled. The subsegmentation dorsally presents a transverse de- pression across the middle of the segment, which hardly passes the spiracle and has a ridge from the anterior sub- segment passing down into it about half-way from dorsum to spiracle, or the groove dividing the subsegments may be described as sending a branch into the anterior sub- segment, whilst the main groove takes a rather more posterior position for a space. It is no doubt a further development of this that makes the peculiar subdorsal angle in the larva of O. cacaliz. Below the spiracles is a double ridge or flange, the Incision between the two ridges (or portions of the ridge) being rather deep. Ventrally the cuticle is thin and transparent, allowing the tracheex, etc., to be seen. In the young larva the eye-spots are in two rows of three each, the three pairs being symmetrically placed. In the adult the four upper eye-spots are placed as a square. The antenna is as it were wedged in partially between these and the two lower ones, so that the posterior one is pushed downwards and backwards to a slight degree, the first one considerably so, and is in fact below the antenna, The antenna is placed in a large circular hollow, into which it is capable of being completely telescoped, each segment inside the preceding. It looks as if formed of four joints, the last being very small, the whole length of the antenna being little longer than its width at base. It has, however, only three joints : first, a soft membrane that allows of the greater part of the collapse of the antenna, when expanded it is half the length of the antenna, conical and ends in a dark chitinous ring (the true first joint’); then a more cylindrical piece, as long as broad, dark and with a narrower colourless membrane to allow of its partial retraction into the first segment; then a Observations on some species of Orina. 13 narrower (half the width of the second) thimble-shaped piece, also retractible, and ending in a few very minute bristles. The labrum consists of a basal part very wide from side to side, very narrow antero-posteriorly, of somewhat uni- form size from side to side, and a second joint narrower than the first, nearly square in general outline, of darker chitin, with a strong rounded projecting flap on each side with notch between them. ‘These two pieces are retractile so as to much vary their joint length. The jaws are large and strong, with five sharp teeth, the anterior shortest and with a minor point near its apex; each tooth has a finely serrated edge. The maxilla has a basal piece and a narrow terminal piece ; this latter carries an inner process of one joint and an outer palpus of three joints, each furnished with several bristles. The labium, on a large transverse chitinous segment, carries the two palpi, each of two joints. The legs present no structural differences to those of the other species. They consist of three segments of about equal length, together with a base which is rather part of the body of the thorax, than truly belonging to the leg, and a terminal claw. The first or basal joint is very thick and tapering to its extremity, its form and size make it the coxa, but I am not learned enough in the comparative anatomy of these parts to say it 1s not the trochanter. The second joint is clearly the femur and the third the tibia, this follows from the aspects of their articulations. The coxo-femoral articulation is simple in being distinctly only one joint, but has somewhat complicated arrangements, so that possibly the trochanter is represented here. The claw represents the tarsus and has a large thickened base, showing it to be more than a claw, the base carries several hairs. Some specimens even suggest that there is an articulation between the claw and this base, but I incline to think this is not so, though it suffices to show that the base is really the tarsus, Orina cacaliz, young larve found feeding September 7th, and one had changed its skin; none were there on 3rd; no trace of egg-shells. Young larva absolutely black, the claws brownish, with a row of short bristles across each subsegment. Newly moulted larva, yellowish, quite transparent. The general resemblance to 0. vitti- 14 Mr. G.C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s gera is very close, the differences are—hairs rather more pronounced, angulation of the rounded abdominal outline above spiracle already quite evident, the subsegmental groove terminating a little way above spiracles just above a ridge, whence the sides of the abdomen are a little flattened. In second skin, the prothorax is yellow. Eat- ing groundsel (Senecio vulgaris). In second skin head black; prothorax yellow, without raised margin; hairs marginal, not dorsal; black of abdo- men underlaid by the transparent shining yellow of the inner structures. In third skin, deep black, except the prothorax, which is bright yellow, with posterior margins slightly and lateral margins more raised ; supra-spiracular angle very marked. This is due to the inter-segmental incision being wanting at this point. The dorsum consists of a series of folds or ridges. At the actual dorsum these are seen to be the subsegments, two to a segment, the segmental fold being deep, the inter-segmental one shallow; but below this the two ridges are exactly the same, high and rounded, and the folds also the same, deep and sharp. Downwards both stop sharply, but the true segmental incisions earlier than the other, so that the subsegmental fold is longest and seems the most important. The ridge against which they terminate thus runs a zigzag course, and the position of the segmental incision is unmarked by any line or groove. Below this zigzag ridge the segmental incision arises again suddenly and is well marked and deep. The segment is here uniformly convex, with no subsegmental groove. This portion of each segment is flat from above down- wards, so that all taken together form a flat, lateral surface, separated from the curved dorsum by the zigzag ridge. The larve have a gregarious tendency, being found all close together, though put into a pot anyhow. They have a clear yellow thorax from early in first skin, contrasting strongly with the metallic bronzy-black of the rest of the surface; the underside also is paler and yellowish. The larva has a shorter and broader abdomen than that of O. vittigera. The divisions or ruge are deeper and more pronounced, and the whole larva is and feels hard rather than soft as that of O. vittigera does. The two dorsal ruge to each segment uniting in a definite fold above the spiracle proceed downwards as a single raised rib giving a definite subdorsal flange at the point of juncture, Observations on some species of Orina. 15 and form a longitudinal waved ridge; the spiracle is on the middle of the lateral vertical rib, which terminates below in the lateral flange. Two segments at the anal end appear to be retractile for wielding the terminal sucker. The mouth and leg structures are apparently the Same as in 0. vittigera. Orina vittigera. — The young larva as soon as it has taken its dark colour is 3 mm. long, and fully 1 mm. wide, head and thorax of equal width, colour black, head and thorax shining, abdomen duller but also shining; there are ribs on the abdominal segments that continue down to the latero-ventral flange (no latero-dorsal or subdorsal flange), and some scattered hairs on the head and sides of the thorax, but dorsally the larva is nearly smooth, hairs being few and very short, and for the most part and as compared with 0. tristzs it is smooth and hairless. The larva changes its skin three times. When full grown it acquires for the first time a yellow prothorax (in the penultimate skin the thorax is often paler); the general colour is a dull indian-ink. Except some very fine striations, the segments are smooth generally, and the whole larva looks and is softish; the body is rounded, with no sub- dorsal flange ; the spiracles are just below the continuous smooth dorso-lateral surface, or plate; below is a lateral region capable of puckering up into a projection in each segment forming a lateral flange, below which the ventral area terminates in what might be called a flange. The dorsal plates, though smooth and without ribs, etc., do, except in fat larve, form two ridges by the sinking of a central transverse line. The under surface is pale yellowish- green, or olive-colour. There are a few short hairs on the head and prothorax that require looking for; length, 9-10 mm.; width, head 1°5, proth. 2°4, body, 4°5 mm. Orina tristis, var. smaragdina, laid eggs between July 31st and August Srd; six eggs found August 4th. One hatched 5th ; two hatched 7th ; others preserved. Egg 2°3 mm. long, °8 mm. wide; oval, sausage-shaped curvature hardly to be detected, 2. ¢. ege nearly straight. Yellow. Young larva visible in youngest egg; jaws brown, six dark eye-spots on either side, spiracles dark, and three dark marks on either side (wanting in young larva of O. vittigera) are visible through the egg-shell, one above and behind spiracle 16 Mr. G. C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s of first abdominal segment, and one on third and one on second thoracic segments at the same level. A certain amount of transverse shading on dorsal plate of first thoracic segment, some coloration of antenna and labial (?) palpi and of leg-joints. Numerous hairs are also evident, irregularly scattered over the head and first thoracic, but on the following segments forming two transverse rows. The egg-shell is strongly marked by an irregular but largely hexagonal netting, with the general surface finely dotted. The larva escapes by a longitudinal slit passing down more than half one side of the egg-shell. The egg- shell adheres to the surface on which laid by one end. The young larva coloured as within egg-shell at hatch- ing, becomes after a few hours black; at this stage it is about 16 mm. long, black and shining, but surrounded by a halo of short brown hairs, whether viewed dorsally or laterally. The full-grown larva has an inky-black abdomen, shin- ing and apparently glabrous, but showing numerous very small hairs under a lens. The thorax is neither yellow nor black, but looks as though yellow obscured by a dense black wash. ‘The incision of the abdominal subsegments passes down below the spiracles, and though a little waved has no definite branch as in O. vittigera. The prothoracic plate presents numerous hairs over its whole surface, and has various small fovez or pits. The head is distinctly hairy. The underside is rather paler, as of yellow over- laid by blackish. These four larve are really so much alike that it may be well to specially note their differences. O. tristis is laid as an egg, the others as larve. It is smaller than they when first hatched. It is also in the first stage more hairy than they are, though they have hairs all over in their first stage, but only on the head and the sides of the prothorax when full grown, at least the others become microscopic. O. cacaliz# is most distinct from the other three. The prothorax is of a bright yellow, contrasting with the very dark colour of the rest of the insect, which is shining and polished. The prothorax is fully larger than in the others, and hard as it is and solid-looking, is transparent, and allows the tracheze beneath the cuticle to be seen. (0. cacaliz is also remarkable for the subdorsal flange which Observations on some species of Orina. 17 breaks through the incisions of the segments with a raised ridge, and leaves the sides below it somewhat flat down to the marginal flange ; whilst in the other species the back is regularly arched across from the marginal flange, and there is no continuity of the subdorsal flange across the incisions. This species feeds openly in contrast to the hiding habits of O. vittigera, so that one suspects the brilliant contrast of yellow and black in its coloration to be probably of a warning character. 0. gloriosa is of a pale nankeen colour, very different to the dark sepia colour of O. vittigera and O. tristis, and has a definite fold in the subsegmental incisions, that is less pronounced than in 0. vittigera, and of a somewhat different character. O. tristis when full-grown approaches very closely to O. vittigera, but is more densely dark, and has a different fold in the subsegmental incision to both O. vittigera and O. gloriosa. It agrees with O. cacaliw in feeding on Com- posit# and not on Umbelliferex as O. vittigera and. O. gloriosa do, but structurally its alliance is much more with the latter. The points which seem to be most noteworthy in our observations are in confirming the vivinarity of the genus and in finding one species that is not strictly viviparous. The observation that the eggs develop into larvee in the ovarian tubules is a very unexpected one, and suggests further researches, which should disclose various points of difference from the usual method of fecundation of the ova in insects. The larve of O. tristis and O. vittigera do not appear to have been previously described, nor of course brought together alive for comparison with the other species. EXPLANATION OF PLATES JI. AND II. [See neat page. | TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PARTI. (APRIL) 2 Fie. Fic. EXPLANATION OF PuaTE I. Illustrating Mr. G. C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s “ Observations on some species of Orina.” Larve, etc., of Orina, all enlarged. 1. Orina gloriosa, full-grown. 2. Orina cacaliz, ,, », (at junction of thorax and abdomen the incisions are not quite correctly shown. ) 74; i a larva in stage 1. 3. Orina vittigera, full-grown. 3a, b, c. 28 anterior, intermediateand posterior legs, as trans- parent objects from cast larva-skin; a piece that looks like a trochanter is evident, but it is not separately articulated. OMe. ys 7 antenna partially retracted. SC. tg, # »» fully extended. Bi igs a labium. Doge sh *, labrum. She. ',; ee: mandible, with portion of margins more enlarged to show the serrations on the teeth. er “s maxilla. 4. Orina tristis, var. smaragdina, full-grown. Aa: S., er aa fee ae sf terminal segments, as exserted when using anal sucker or foot. Egg showing line of dehiscence and scale of hexagonal sculpture. EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. Illustrating Mr. G. C. Champion and Dr. T. A. Chapman’s “Observations on some species of Orina.” Ovaries, etc., of Orina vittigera, photographed from specimens. 1. Shows ovarian tubules, oviduct, etc., from a specimen that had — completed the deposit of larve. 2. Same parts, with extremity of abdomen and portion of alimentary canal, showing embryos in the ovarian tubules. 3. A similar specimen. Some of these embryos are fully developed larve, as may be seen in separated specimen in next fig. 4. Separated embryos, a little more enlarged. (None of these show distinctly in the photographs, how fully developed larve these embryos are, but they do show that they are still in the ovarian tubules. ) eer td 5) II. An Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera made at Zomba in British Central Africa. By Percy I. LatTHy. Communicated by CHARLES J. GAHAN, M.A. [Read November 21st, 1900.] PLATE ITT. DurInG the past two years Mr. H. J. Adams, F.ES., has been receiving consignments of Lepidoptera from Zomba; as the collection contains a few novelties, and some species which have not been hitherto recorded from the locality, an account of it may perhaps be of interest. In all, one hundred and seventy-six species of Rhopalo- cera were obtained, and considering this was the work of an untrained collector, it was I think a satisfactory result. The principal feature of the collection, as in others made in the same locality, is the number of Charaxes, it containing no less than twenty species, many of them rare, and one, C. etesipe, Godt., that has been hitherto regarded as a West African species. The females of Mylothris rubricosta, Mab., and Papilio pelodurus, Butl., are also in the collection. My thanks are due to Dr. Butler and Mr. Heron of the Natural History Museum for their kind assistance in enabling me to determine many of the species, and to Dr. Jordan for his help with the Charaxes. The arrangement followed in this lst is that of Dr. Holland for the Hesperiidz, and Prof. Aurivillius for the other families. 1. Danais chrysippus. Papilio chrysippus, Linn., Mus, Lud. Ulr., p. 263 (1764). 2. Danais dorippus. ELuplea dorippus, Klug., Symb. Phys., t. 48, f 1-5 (1845). 3. Amauris dominicanus. Amauris dominicanus, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 323. 4, Amauris ochlea. Danais ochlea, Boisd., Voy. Deleg., ii, p. 589 (1847). TRANS. ENT, SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 20 10. 11. TZ 13. 14, 15. 16. 17. Mr. P. I. Lathy’s . Amauris whyter. Amauris whyter, Butl., P. ZS. 1893, p. 644. . Melanitis leda. Papilio leda, Linn., Syst. Nat., i, 2, p. 773, n. 151 (1767). . Melanrtis libya. Melanitis libya, Dist., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. x, p. 405 (1882). . Gnophodes diversa. Gnophodes diversa, Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. v, p. 333 (1880). . Monotrichtis ena. Mycalesis ena, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., 14, p. 107 (1877). Monotrichtis rhacotis. Mycalesis rhacotis, Hew., Ex. Butt., ui, Mye., t. 6, p. 34 1866). Monotrichtis selowst. Mycalesis selowsi, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 183, t. 5, f. 2, 2a. Monotrichtis safitza. Mycalesis safitza, Hew., Gen. D. L. p. 394, n. 10, note. Monotrichtis evenus. Mycalesis evenus, Hopft., Ber. Verh. Ak. Berl., 1855, p-. 641, n. 14. Monotrichtis funebris. Satyrus funebris, Guér., Icon. Regne. Anim. Ins. texte, p. 488 (1844). Henotesia perspicua. Mycalesis perspicua, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1873, p. 104, t. 1,f 3. Henotesia stmonsu. Mycalesis simonsit, Butl., Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, xix, p. 458 (1877). Pier prone. Physcenura pione, Godm., P. Z. 8. 1880, p. 183, t. £9, 2258. 18. 19. 20. ai. 22. 24. 26. 27. 28. 2 20. 30. Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 21 Neocenyra gregorv. Neocenyra gregorw, Butl, P. Z. 8. 1894, p. 560, t. en. Pardopsis punctatissima. Acrea punctatissima, Boisd., Faune. Mad., p. 31, Mm 5), t. 6, f. 2 (1838). Acrzxa wmsignis. Acrea insignis, Dist., P. ZS. 1880, t. 19, f. 6. Acrxa acara. Acrzvaacara, Hew.,-Ex. Butt., 11, Aer., t. 3; f. 19, 20 (1865). Acrea anemosa. Acrea anemosa, Hew., Ex. Butt., in, Acr., t. 8, f. 14, 15. . Acrea areca. Acrza areca, Mab., Bull., Soc. Ent., France, 1888, p.169. : Acrea asema. Acrea asema, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., xiv, p. 52 (1877). . Acrea acrita. Acrea acrita, Hew., Ex. Butt., 11, Acr,, t. 55 1, 18, (1865). Acrea guillemer. Acrea guillemer, Oberth., Etudes d’Ent., xvu, p. 19, eft, 1 (1893). Acrea caldarena. Acrza caldarena, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., xiv, p. 52 (1877). Acrea nero. Telchinia nero, Butl, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., t. 5, xii, p. 102 (1883). Acrzea doubledayt. Acrea doubledayi, Guér., Lef. Voy. Abyss., vi, p. 378 (1849). Acrea natalica. - _ Acreva natalica, Boisd., Voy. Deleg., p. 590 (1847). 22 Ol. 33. 34, Mr. P. I. Lathy’s Acrea terpsichore. Papilio terpsichore, Linn., Mus. Ulr., p. 222 (1764). . Acrea excelsior. Acrea excelsior, Sharpe, P. Z. 8.1891, p. 192, t. 17, f. 3. ; Acrea vinidia. Acrea vinidia, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., xi, p. 130 (1874). Acrea cabira. Acrea cabira, Hopff., Ber. Verh. Akad. Berl., 1855, p- 640, n. 7. A good series including yellow and fulvous forms as well as examples which connect the two varieties; con- sequently the name apecida, Oberth., which applies to the extreme fulvous form must sink as a synonym. 30. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40, 4]. 42. Acreva encedon. Papilio encedon, Linn., Mus. Lud. Ulr., p. 244 (1764). Acraa esebria. Acrexa esebria, Hew., Ex. Butt. 1, Acr., t. 2, f. 11, 12 (1861). Atella phalantha. Papilio phalantha, Dru., Ill. x. Ent., i, t. 21, f. 1, 2 (1773). Hypanartia scheneia. Eurema scheneia, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 329. Pyrameis cardwt. Papilio cardwi, Linn., Faun. Suec., p. 276, n. 1054 (1761). Precis madagascariensis. Precis madagascariensis, Guén., Vinson, Voy. Mad., Lep., p. 37 (1864). Precis clelia. Papilio clelia, Cram., Pap. Ex., i, p. 33, t. 2164 HY F775). | Precis cebrene. Junonia cebrenc, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1870 p.2353. 43. Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 23 Precis natalensis. Precis natalensis, Stgr., Exot. Schm., p. 101 (1885). A long series including var. hib. sesamus, Trim. and the intermediate form figured by Trimen in 8. Afr., Butt., t. 4, f. 4 44. 45. 46. AT. 48. 49, 50. 51. 53. Precis sumia. Precis simia, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 26 (1857). Precis trimena. Junonia triment, Butl, P. Z.S. 1893, p. 651, t. 60, f. 4. Precis cuama. Junonia cuama, Hew., Ex. Butt., 111, Jun, t. 1, f. 1 (1864). Precis tukuoa. . Salamis tukuoa, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 25 (1857). Precis ceryne. Salamis ceryne, Boisd., Voy. Deleg., u, p. 592 (18477). Precis laodora. Vanessa laodora, Godt., Enc. Méth., ix, p. 314, n. 38 (1819). Precis actia. Precis actia, Dist., P. Z. 5S. 1880, p. 185, t. 19, f. 7. Precis aurorina. Junonia awrorina, Butl., P. ZS. 1893, p. 651, t. 60, mt 3. . Precis tugela. Precis tugela, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 334. Precis archesia. Papilo archesia, Cram., Pap. Ex., 11, p. 44, t. 219, Pe L779), Several examples in all of which the common rufous band is much narrower than in specimens from Natal ; var.. aestiv. pelasgis, Godt., ab. chapunga, Hew., was also obtained. : 24, Me P? 7. Lathy’s 54. Precis elgiva. Junonia elgiva, Hew., Ex. Butt., ii, Jun., t. 1, f. 1 (1864). 55. Precis natalica. Precis natalica, Feld., Wien. Ent. Mon., iv, p. 106, n. 65 (1860). 56. Precis nachtigalii. Precis nachtigalii, Dewitz, Nova Acta Akad. Natur. Halle, 1879, p. 194, t. 1, f. 16. 57. Precis artaxia. Junonia artaxia, Hew., Ex. Butt., ii, Jun., t. 1, f, 6 (1864). 58. Catacroptera cloanthe. Papilo cloanthe, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 93, t. 338, i, Be(1781), 59. Salamis anacardit. Papilio anacardu, Linn., Mus. Lud. Ulr., p. 236 (1764). . 60. Hypolimnas misippus. Papilio misippus, Linn., Mus. Lud. Ulr., p. 264 (1764). 61. Hypolimnas mima. Diadema mima, Trim., Trans. Linn. Soc., xxvi, p. 506, note, t. 43, f. 7 (1869). 62. Hypolimnas wahlbergi. Diadema wahlbergi, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 27 (1857). 63. Hurytela angustata. Lurytela angustata, Auriv., Ent. Tidskr., 15, p. 278 (1894). 64. Lurytela angulata. Lurytela angulata, Auriv., Rhop. AAthiopica, p. 154 (1898). 65. Byblia acheloia. 7 Hypanis acheloia, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 29 (1857). 66. 67. 68. 69. Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 25 Crenis moranti, Orenis morantti, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 439. Crens borisduvalr. Crenis boisdwvali, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 30 (1857). Crenis mafix. Crenis mafixv, Ster., Iris, 10, p. 358 (1898). Cyrestis sublineata, sp. nov. (Plate ITI, fig. 1.) Nearly allied to C. elegans, Boisd., from which it differs in the more produced apex of the forewing, the more pronounced black and orange markings of both wings above, and in the linear black markings of hindwing being similar on both surfaces. Exp. ¢ 52-58 mm., 2 64 mm. This species appears to be rather rare, only six specimens having been obtained. 70. ae rz. Neptis saclava. Limenitis saclava, Boisd., Faune Mad., p. 49, n. 1 (1833). Neptis agatha. Papilio agatha, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 76, t. 327, f. A; B. (1782). Neptis incongrua. Neptis wncongrua, Butl., P. Z. 8. 1896, p. 112, t. 6, 1 ae A single male of this fine species was received. 73. 74, 76. Pseudacrxa expansa. ; Pseudacrea expansa, Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 2p. Lis (1878), Pseudacrea tarquinia. Panopea tarqunia, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., food, p: (9) t. 5, f. 3. ) . Hamanumida dedalus. Papilio dedalus, Fabr., Syst. Ent., p. 482, n. 174 (L775). Huphedra neophron. Lomaleosoma neophron, »Hoptt., Ber. Verh. Ak. Berl., 1855; p. 640, n. 9... 26 Mr. P. I. Lathy’s 77. Huptera kinugnana. Thaleropis kinugnana, Gr. Sm., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. ii, p. 133 (1889). 78. Charaxes natalensis. Charaxes natalensis, Stgr., Ex. Schm., i, p. 169, (1886). 79. Charaxes flavifasciatus. Charaxes flavifasciatus, Butl., P. Z.S. 1895, p. 251. 80. Charaxes saturnus. Charaxes saturnus, Butl., P. Z.S. 1865, p. 624, t. 36, ae The series included typical satwrnus, and the form named /aticinctus by Dr. Butler. 81. Charaxes geminus. Charaxes geminus, Rothsch., Nov. Zool., vii, p. 427 (1900). This is the eastern form of C. polluw, Cram. 82. Charaxes druceanus. Charaxes druceanus, Butl., Cist. Ent., 1, p. 4, n. 1 (1869). Two ¢ g and three $ 2 of this beautiful species. 83. Charaxes etesipe. Nymphalis etesipe, Godt., Ene. Méth., ix, p. 355 (1823). A single specimen of this common West African species, C’. tavetensis, Rothsch., the form one would have expected from this locality, was not received. 84. Charaxes penricet. (Plate ITT, fig. 2.) Charaxes penricet, Rothsch., Nov. Zool., vu, p. 460 (1900). One $f only, this being I believe the second specimen known to science, the other being in Coll. Rothschild. 85. Charaxes achemenes. Charaxes achemenes, Feld., Reise Nov. Lep., i, p. 446, t. 59, f. 6, 7 (1867). A good series of both sexes. Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. yt 86. Charases lastt. Charaxes lasti, Gr. Sm., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. vi, 3, p. 131 (1889). Eleven ¢ f and seven 2 2 of this rather scarce species, including the form macclownii, Butl., and intermediate examples. 87. Charawes azota. Philognoma azota, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., (1877). This series includes typical azota, and the forms described by Butler as calliclea. Xv, p82 88. Charaxes bawmannt. Charaxes baumannt, Rogenh., Verh. 7, bot. Ger. Wien,, xi, p. 564 (1891). A good series of both sexes. 89. Charaxes etheocles. Papilio etheocles, Cram., Pap. Exot., 1, p. 34, t. 119, feos (777). 90. Charaxes ethalion. Charaxes ethalion, Boisd., Voy. Deleg., 1, p. 593 (1847). 91. Charaxes guderiana. Nymphalis gudertana, Dewitz, Nova Acta Akad. Naturf. Halle, 1879, p. 200, t. 2, f. 18. This species appears to be common at Zomba, as a large number of males were sent, and five of the opposite ae | 92. Charazes bohemanni. Charaxes bohemanni, Feld., Wien. Ent. Mon.,* ii, d21, t. 6, f. 3 (1859). 93. Charaxes cithxron. Charaxes citheron, Feld., Wien. Ent, Mon., iii, p. 398, t. 8, f. 2, 3 (1859). 94. Charaxes candiope. Nymphalis candiope, Godt., Enc. Méth., ix, p. 353 - (1819). 28 Mr. P. I. Lathy’s 95. Charaxes varanes. Papilio varanes, Cram., Pap. Exot. 1, p. 100, t. 160, £. DOE.A(1777). 96. Charaxes leoninus. (Plate ITI, fig. 3.) Charaxes leoninus, Butl, P. Z. 8. 1895, p. 253, t. 15, ED Five § ¢ and one 2 of this rare species. 97. Charaxes eupale. Papilio eupale, Dru., Ill. Ex. Ent., in, t. 6, f. 3 (1782). A pair which belong to form dilutws, Rothsch. 98. Abisara delicata, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 4.) ' 6 Upperside. Forewing white with slight greyish suffusion near base; apical half blackish-brown, containing a narrow white subapical band ; inner edge of apical patch strongly curved ; costa brown. Hindwing white with wide bluish-grey suffusion at base and along inner margin; three ochreous patches extending from anal angle to base of tail; two blue centred, yellow-ringed black spots above upper median nervule, these surrounded with bluish- grey suffusion ; outer margin narrowly edged with black. Underside. As above but bluish-grey suffusion replaced by pale brown, that at the base outwardly edged with darker ; apical half of forewing paler. @ Similar to male, but slightly paler and apex of forewing more rounded. Exp. ¢ 40mm., ? 40-44 mm. Nearly allied to A. rogerii, Druce, but the white area of both wings much more extended. 99. Alena nyasse. Alzna nyasse, Hew., Ent. Mo. Mag., xiv, p. 6 (1877). The typical form and ab. ochracea, Butl., were both obtained. 100. Pentila amenaida. Pentila amenarda, Hew., Ex. Butt. v, Pent.and Lipt., t. 2, £. 4-7 (1873). 101. Pentila peucetia. Pentila peucetia, Hew., Ex, Butt., ui, Pent. and Lipt., t..1, To 0S6b). 102 103. 104. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. YT. 112. 113. Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 29 Mimacrxa marshall Mimacrxa marshalli, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., eooeet 13, t. 1,-f. 9. Terromima freya. Durbania freya, Gr. Sm. and Kirby, Rhop. Ex., u, Air liye, t. 25,4. 1, 2\( 1894). Terronmma aslanga. ? Liptena aslanga, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1873, p. VE, . Lachnocnema bibulus. Hesperia bibulus, Fabr., Ent. Syst., i, 1, p. 307, n. 163 (1793). Deudorix diocles, Deudoria« diocles, Hew., Il. D. L. Suppl. p. 12, n. 31, t. 5, f. 55, 56 (1869). Deudorix antalus. Dipsas antalus, Hopff., Ber. Vert. Ak. Berl. 1855, p. 641, n. 15. Hypolycena philippus. Hesperia philippus, Fabr., Ent. Syst., i, 1, p. 283, n. 87 (1793). Hypolycena ceculus. Jolaus ceculus, Hopff., Ber. Verh. Ak. Berl., 1855, p- 642, n. 17. Jolaus lalos. (Plate IIT, fig. 5.) Argiolaus lalos, Druce, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vi, 17, ' p. 286 (1896). Spindasis nyassx. Aphnzus nyasse, Butl., Ent. Mo. Mag., xx, p. 250 (1884). Axtocerses punicea. Axwocerses punicea, Gr. Sm., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. v1, 3, p. 134 (1889). Leptomyrina hirundo. Thecla hirwndo, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 35, n. 4 (1857). 30 114. 116. 117. 118. 119: 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. Mr. P. I. Lathy’s Lycenesthes adherbal. Lycena adherbal, Mab., Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1877, p: 217, . Cupido pogger. Plebeius poggei, Dewitz, N. Acta Ac. N. Cur. 41: 2, p. 205, -t..26, £. 7 (1879). Cupido falkenstewnt. | Plebetus falkensteinti, Dewitz, Nova Acta Leop.: Carol. Akad. Naturf., xli, 1, n. 2, p. 204, t. 25, f. 5 (1879). Cupido lingeus. Papilio lingeus, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 176, t. 379, f EG. (2780). Cupido plinius. Hesperia plinius, Fabr., Ent. Syst., ii, 1, p. 284, n. 92 (1793). Cupido moriqua. Lycena moriqua, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 39, n. 9 (2307), Cupido sichela. Lycxena sichela, Wallengr., Lep. Rhop. Caffr., p. 37 (1857). Cupido beticus. Papilio bxticus, Linn., Syst. Nat., i, 2, p. 789, n. 226 (1767). | Cupido malathana. Lycena malathana, Boisd., Faune Mad., p. 25 (1833). Cupido cissus. Polyommatus cissus, Godt., Enc. Meéth., ix, p. 683, n. 210 (1828). Cupido peculraris. Lycena peculiaris, Rogenh., in Baumann Usambara, p. 331 (1891). . Leptosia alcesta. . Papilio alcesta, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 175, t. 379, f A (iis DP): Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 31 126. Herpenia eriphia. Pieris eriphia, Godt.; Ene. Méth., ix, p. 157, n. 134 (1819). 127. Mylothris agathina. Papilio agathina, Cram., Pap. Ex., iii, p. 76, t. 237, Poe),.. 782). 128. Mylothris riippellic. Preris rtippellu, Koch, Indo. Aust. Lep. Fauna, p. 88 (1865). 129. Mylothris rubricosta. Pieris rubricosta, Mab., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1890, p. 28. Two f g and six 2 2 of this rare species. The female differs from the male in its larger size, greater extent of black suffusion at apex of forewing, and much larger marginal spots in both wings. 130. Appius epaphia. Papilio epaphia, Cram., Pap. Ex., ii, p. 26, t. 207, el. (1779). 131. Pieris severina. Papilio severina, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 95, t. 338, f-G. . (1781). 132. Preris mesentina. Papilio mesentina, Cram., Pap. Ex., i, p. 140, t. 270, f, A. B. (1780). 133. Preris prgea. Pieris pigea, Boisd., Spec. Gen. Lep., 1, p. 523 (1836). Three g f all belonging to var. hibern. alba, Wallengr. 134. Teracolus mutans. Teracolus mutans, Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, xix, p. 459 (1877). 135. Teracolus eris. Pontia eris, Klug., Symb. Phys., t. 6, £15, 16 (1829). 136. Teracolus regina. Anthocharis regina, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser. 3, 1, p. 520 (1863). 32 Mr. P. I. Lathy’s 137. Teracolus antevippe. Anthocharis antevippe, Boisd., Sp. Gen., i, p. 572, n. 18, t. 18, f. 3 (1836). 188. Teracolus emint. Teracolus emini, Butl., , Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vii, p. 47 (1891). 139. Eroma argia. Papilio argia, Fabr., Syst. Ent. , p. £70, n. 118 (1175). 140. Hronia thalassina. Pieris thalassina, Boisd., Spec. Gen., 1, p. 443, n. 8 (1836). 141. Catopsilia florella. Papilio florella, Fabr., Syst. Enut., p. 479, n. 159 (1775). 142. Terias senegalensis. Terias senegalensis, Boisd., Spec. Gen., 1, p. 672 (1836). 143. Terias hapale. Terias hapale, Mab., Le Natural., 2, p. 99 (1882). 144, Terias desjardinsit. Xanthidia desjardinsit, Boisd., Faun. Mad., p. 22, n. 3, t. 2, f. 6 (1833). 145. Terias brigitta. Papilio brigitta, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 82, t. 331, f. B.C. (1780). 146. Colvas electra. Papilio electra, Linn., Syst. Nat., xii, p. 764 (1767). 147. Papilio cenea. Papilio cenea, Stoll., Suppl. Cram., p. 134, t. 29, f. 1, la (1791). Only a single female was received. This agrees best with ab. 2 niobe, Auriv., as the cellular bar, subapical band, and submarginal spots are orange-brown, and the subapical spot is wanting. Aurivillius places miobe as an ab. 2 of dardanus, Brown, the western form of this Papilio. 148, Papilio echervordes. Papilio echervoides, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1868, p. 72, t. 6, f 1, 2. . Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 33 149. Papilio pelodurus. Papilio pelodurus, Butl., P. ZS. 1895, p. 270, fig. (1896). A good series, including two females. The differences between the sexes are chiefly on the underside of the hindwing, and are of the same character as in the sexes of P. hesperus, Westw. 150. Papilio lyxus. Papilio lyexus, Doubld., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xvi, p. 178 (1845). 151. Papilio brontes. Papilio brontes, Godm., P. Z, 8. 1885, p, 450. 152. Papilio demodocus, Papilio demodocus, Esp., Aus, Schmett., p. 205, t. 51, f. 1 (1798). 158. Papilio angolanus. Papilio angolanus, Goeze., Ent. Beytr., 11, 1, p. 87, n. 70 (1779). 154. Papilio leonidas, Papilio leonidas, Fabr., Ent. Syst., ii, 1, p. 35, n. 108 (1793). 155. Papilio porthaon. Papilio porthuon, Hew., Ex. Butt., 11, Pap. t. 7, f. 21, 22 (1865). 156. Sarangesa astrigera. Sarangesa astrigera, Butl., P. Z. S. 1893, p. 669. 157. Sarangesa motozt. Pierygospidea motozt, Wallengr., K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. (1857). 158. Sarangesa maculata. Sape maculata, Mab., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg., 1891, p. 68. 159. Tagiades flesus. Papilio flesus, Fabr., Spec. Ins., ii, p. 185, n. 621 (1871). 160. Hagris jameson. Antigonus gamesont, Sharpe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vi, p. 348 (1890). TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 3 34 Mr. P. I. Lathy’s 161. Hagris ochreana, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 6.) Allied to E. denuba, Plétz, but differs in the following particulars ; the two lower subapical hyaline spots are wanting ; forewing with bronze reflections ; hindwing without white area, and submarginal spots as in FE. phyllophila, Trim. ; hindwings below more ochreous in tint than HZ. denuba; black markings smaller, and apical patch but little darker than ground-colour, Exp. 38 mm. 162. Abantis paradisea. Leucochitonea paradisea, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1870, p. 499. 163. Abantis zambesiaca. Hesperia zambesiaca, Westw., Thes. Ent. Oxon., p. 183, t. 34, f. 9 (1874). 164. Abantis arctomarginata, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 7.) ¢. Upperside. Forewing black with large basal red patch, between costal, and submedian nervures, and following hyaline patches ; four elongated subapical, one occupying outer third of cell, and three between upper median nervule and submedian nervure, of which the middle one is the largest and much elongated. Hindwing white, base slightly reddish, edged with black ; costa dull reddish ; outer and inner margin narrowly bordered with black ; a row of white spots within black border commencing at anal angle and becoming obsolete towards apex. Underside. Forewing as above, but with whitish suffusion below lower median nervule ; hindwing as above, but costa black. Abdomen white with black dorsal band, and two ventral rows of black patches, terminal segment black, with reddish tuft; legs and underside of palpi reddish. Exp. 40 mm. Nearly allied to A. bismarckt, Karsch., from which it differs in the greatly elongated hyaline spot between middle and lower median nervule, and the much narrower black borders of hindwing. 165. Hesperia dromus. Pyrgus dromus, Plotz, Mitth. nat. Ver. Neu. Vor- pomm u Riig, 1884, p. 6. 166. Oxypalpus ruso. Pamphila ruso, Mab., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxv, p. 183 (1891). Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera. 35 167. Parosmodes icteria. Pamphila icteria, Mab., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxv, p. 180 (1891). 168. Cyclopides formosus. Heteropterus formosus, Butl., P. Z. 5.1893, p. 670, t. 60, f. 8. 169. Cyclopides quadrisiqnatus. Cyclopides quadrisignatus, Butl., P. Z. S. 1893, p. 670, t. 60, f. 9 170. Kedestes callicles. Cyclopides callicles, Hew., Descr. Hundred New Hesp., p. 42 (1868). 171. Chapra mathias. Hesperia mathias, Fabr., Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 433 (1798). 172. Baoris cana, sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 8.) d. Upperside. Both wings olivaceous-brown ; forewing with two minute subapical hyaline spots, and two hyaline spots between upper and lower median nervules, of which the lower is the larger ; fringes paler than ground-colour. Underside. Forewing as above, but costa, apex, and outer margin widely bordered with grey ; shghtly tinted with violet ; hindwings greyish with a violaceous tint ; inner margin brown ; three minute discal white points. Exp. 38 mm. . Closely allied to B. fatwellus, Hopff., but may be separated by the more olivaceous tint of ground-colour of both wings above, and the hoary appearance of the underside. 173, Andronymus neander. Apaustus neander, Ploetz, 8. E. Z. xlv, p. 154 (1884). 174. Perichares albwcornis. Perichares albicornis, Butl., P..Z.S. 1896, p. 132, t. 6, f.3. 175. Artitropa erinnys. Pamphila erinnys, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), ip. 290- (1861). 176. Rhopalocampta forestan. Papilio forestan, Cram., Pap. Ex., iv, p. 210, t. 391, fis, F.(1 782), EXPLANATION OF PLATE III. Fia. 1. Cyrestis sublineata, sp. nov. 2. Charaxes penricci, Rothsch. 3. Charaxes leoninus, Butl, Q. +. Abisara delicata, sp. nov. 5. Jolaus lalos, Druce, 9. 6. Hagris ochreana, sp. 0. . Abantis arctomarginatu, sp. 1. 8. Baoris cana, sp. nov. co ae Ill. A Revision of Astathes, Newm., and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. By CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. [Read February 8th, 1901.] Puare IV. THE revision here offered of a small but interesting group _ of Longicorn beetles is based upon an examination of the | types of nearly all the species hitherto described. M. René Oberthiir was good enough to send me, for examina-. tion and comparison, the types of all the species of this _ group described by the late James Thomson, as well as / some additional types and numerous specimens from his collection. Most of the remaining species were described by Newman and Pascoe, and the types of these are now 'in the British Museum collection. J am indebted to Dr. Meinert of Copenhagen for his kindness in enabling me to identify the Fabrician species with much greater certainty than could otherwise have been possible. I have taken advantage of the opportunities thus afforded me to redescribe many of the species, finding that the descriptions already existing were in the majority of such cases quite inadequate for their identification. Those given by Thomson in his ‘Systema Cerambycidarum ’ were short preliminary diagnoses, published, as the author himself stated, “afin de prendre date”; the full descrip- tions which were said to be ready in MS., and were pro- | mised for publication in the following year, have not yet appeared, nor are they likely ever to appear, in print. Pascoe’s species were described at somewhat greater length, _ but in many cases, with insufficient attention to structural _ details, a great drawback in dealing with a group where so many of the species have a great resemblance in colour and markings. Five species, referable to the genus Astathes, and all quite distinct from one another, were described by Fabricius. Four of these are placed together in the Munich Catalogue as synonyms or varieties of one species; and the fifth has been omitted from that work. These facts alone are sufficient to show that a revision of the group was greatly needed. The genera here dealt TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 38 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of with include all the Oriental Astatheinex, with the excep- tion of Tropimetopa, Thoms., Hustathes, Newm., Ochrocesis, Pasc., and Cyanastus Pasc., each of which contains not more than one or two species, Genus ASTATHES. Astathes, Newm., The Entomologist, 1, p. 299 (1842); Lacord., Genera des Coléopt., 1x, p. 873. Tetraophthalme, Blanch., Hist. des Insectes, 11, p. 161 (1845). Tetraophthalmus, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., i, p. 48 (1857). Type of the genus: Astathes perpleca, Newm. The characters of this genus have been given at full length by Lacordaire, and need not be repeated here. It will be sufficient to point out that the genus 1s chiefly distinguishable from its allies by having the metasternal process continued almost the whole way between the middle cox, with its anterior end resting upon the end of the vertical mesosternum. The antennz always extend up to or a little beyond the apex of the elytra in the male; the first joit is always shorter than the third, and never asperate near the apex; the second is scarcely longer than broad, and the last joint is sharply pointed, and usually glabrous, at the apex. The form and structure of the prothorax, especially of its centronotal tubercle, vary considerably and, taken in conjunction with certain other characters, afford a good means of dividing the genus into sections. The genus ranges over almost the whole of the Oriental region, and is practically limited to that region, especially if the island of Celebes be regarded as part of it. No species, however, has been recorded from Ceylon, and only one species is known to occur in Peninsular India. The species of our first section are found only in the Philippine Islands and Celebes; those of the second section belong for the most part to the Indo-Chinese sub- region; while all the remaining species of the genus are almost entirely confined to the Malayan sub-region. SECTION I. Prothorax with a rather strong conical tubercle on each side ; the centro-dorsal gibbosity abruptly, but not highly, raised, flattened above, narrower in front than behind, and impressed on each side Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 39 anteriorly with a deep horizontally directed pit. Coste of elytra usually more or less obsolete and never very acute. 1. Astathes perplexa. Astathes perplexa, Newm., The Entomologist, i, p. 299 (1842). Astathes iligert, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., App., p. 558. Entirely testaceous with the exception of the last six or seven joints of the antennz which are infuscate. Head somewhat strongly, but not very thickly, punctured in front, feebly and sparsely punctured on the crown. Pronotum rather feebly and sparingly punctured on the sides of the central elevation. Elytra sparingly punctured, the punctures being rather large, and arranged, some in rows the others more irregularly, on the basal half; with numerous very minute setigerous pits in addition, the sete arising from these being of a tawny colour. In the female type the elytra are pale yellowish-testaceous, contrasting with the more rufous tint of the head and prothorax, and the cost are almost obsolete. In three other specimens, the elytra are nearly concolorous with the head and pronotum, and in two of these the costz are distinctly, though not strongly, raised. In the type of illigeri, Thoms., the elytra are rufous in tint, exhibiting slight purplish reflexions in certain lights, and the cost are distinctly raised. Hab. Puiuippine IsLanps (Cuming). Type (@) in Brit. Mus. Type (3) of dligert, Thoms., in coll. Oberthiir. 2. Astathes mniszechi. Astathes perplexa, var. y, Newm., The Entomol., i, p. 299 (1842). Tetraophthalmus mniszecht, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. 50 (1857). Very closely allied to A. perplexa, Newm., the only character serving to distinguish it being the somewhat feebler puncturation of the front of the head, and the presence of a very distinct, but rather small, violet spot behind the middle of each elytron. The elytra are usually of a rufo-testaceous colour, exhibiting slight purplish reflexions in certain lights; but in one specimen in M. Oberthiir’s collection, the general colour is pale yellow or stra- mineous, with the antennz infuscate towards the apex, and the violet spot on each elytron rather larger and more conspicuous than in the type. Ha". PHILIPPINE IsLANDS. Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. 40 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of 3. Astathes bigemmata. Astathes bigenvmata, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 558. Distinguishable from A. mniszechi, Thoms., by its paler yellowish- testaceous colour, and the presence of a very much larger violaceous- blue spot on each elytron, this spot extending longitudinally almost from the middle to the posterior fifth, and transversely across almost the entire width of the elytron. Hab. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. ‘Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. 4. Astathes posticata, sp.n. (Plate IV, fig. 1.) Astathes perpleva, var. B, Newm., The Entomologist, 1, p. 299 (1842). “Hlytrorum apex leete violaceus.” Testaceous: with the last six or seven joints of the antennez infuscate, and the apical third part of the elytra deep metallic-blue or green, slightly tinged with violet anteriorly. Structural characters as in A. perplexa, Newm., but with the costz of the elytra somewhat more prominent than in that species. Long. 13-19, lat. 6-8 mm. Hab. Pauippine Istanps (Cuming, Semper). Type (2) in Brit. Mus. ¢ in coll. Oberthiir. 5. Astathes bella, sp. n. (Plate IV, fig. 2.) Reddish-testaceous, with the elytra dark metallic-blue, the last six joints of the antenne blackish-brown, and the outer faces of the tibiee more or less infuscate. Head closely and strongly punctured in front, less closely on the vertex; the front with only a faint indication of a median carina near the base. Prothorax with the lateral tubercles rather short and obtuse ; the centro-dorsal gibbosity slightly convex in the longitudinal direction, distinctly and rather closely punctured, its sides converging from behind forwards and perforated each with a deep horizontal pit near the anterior end. Elytra strongly, but not thickly, punctured near the base; with some rows of smaller punctures extending thence to the middle; the apical half almost entirely impunctate ; each with two feebly raised dorsal costze in addition to the costa running alongside the sutural _Inargin, and with a dusky patch in front of the middle formed of closely aggregated short decumbent sete, longer erect sete being sparsely scattered over the whole surface. Underside and legs with _ sparsely spread tawny sete. Antenne of the male extending a little Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 41 beyond the apex of the elytra ; the first two or three joints testaceous the intermediate joints yellowish-white. Long. 10, lat. 4 mm. Hab. Nort Ceveses (Fruhstorfer) Two g¢ ¢ in Tring Museum; one ¢ in coll. Oberthiir. Although this species shows a tendency in some of its characters to approach those of the next section, it 18 strongly marked off from them by the form of the centro- dorsal elevation of the prothorax, and agrees fairly well on the whole with the other species placed in the present section. SECTION II. Prothorax with a very short blunt tubercle on each side; the centro-dorsal gibbosity strongly raised, convex, somewhat rounded in outline, prolonged sufficiently in front to interrupt the anterior transverse groove, and impressed on each side anteriorly with a deep horizontally directed pit. Coste of elytra never prominent, and usually almost obsolete. 5. Astathes gibbrcollis. Astathes gibbicollis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. Head and prothorax rufo-testaceous; head punctured strongly and closely in front, less closely on the vertex ; prothorax sparingly punctured, the punctures being most numerous on the dorsal and lateral tubercles. Elytra entirely yellowish-testaceous, somewhat sparsely punctured, with the punctures diminishing in size on the posterior half. Underside and legs testaceous; with the tibie dorsally near the apex, the tarsi, and a spot on each side of the metasternum, dark brown. Antenne of the male reaching not quite to the apex of the elytra; first three joints rufo-testaceous, slightly infuscate, fourth and fifth pale fulvous, last six dark brown. flab, MaAtaccaA; Burma; and N. Inpia. Type (f) in coll. Oberthiir. This species has only a superficial resemblance to A. rufescens, Thoms., near which Thomson placed it, and seems to be most nearly allied to the following species. 7. Astathes dimidiata. Tetraopes dimidiata, Gory, in Guérin’s Icon. régne anim., Ins., p. 244, pl. 45, fig. 3. | Letraophthalmus bipartitus, Buq. (in Dej. Cat.) nec Thoms. 42 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Head and prothorax yellowish-testaceous ; head closely punctured, especially in front ; prothorax somewhat closely punctured on the dorsal and lateral tubercles, sparsely elsewhere. Elytra violaceous from the base almost to the middle, and thence to the apex pale fulvous or yellowish ; the coste obsolete or represented only by very feebly raised lines. Body underneath and legs pale testaceous, but with a large spot on each side of the metasternum, black, and the anterior abdominal segments sometimes infuscate at the sides. Antenne of the male reaching to or a little beyond the apex of the elytra ; first four or five joints fulvous or testaceous, last six or seven fuscous. Hab. JavA (Horsfield), PENANG (Lamb), Borneo, PERAK, BuRMA, and SIAM. In Pascoe’s collection, I found two examples of this species from Penang, and one from Sarawak, mixed up with those of another species under the name of splendida, Fab. The coloration of dimidiata greatly resembles that of splendida, Fab., but the two species are easily dis- tinguished by the structural characters given for the respective sections in which they are here placed. 8. Astathes bimaculata. Cerambyx bimaculatus, Fab., Ent. Syst.,i,2, p. 263 (1792). Astathes extcrna, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) v, p. 46 (1859). Yellowish-testaceous or fulvous ; elytra each with a rather large and somewhat rounded violaceous spot placed just in front of the middle, extending thence about half-way to the base, and, in the transverse direction, reaching from the outer margin to within a short distance of the suture ; metasternum with a fuscous spot on each side; antenne slightly infuscate towards the apex, the first three joints nitid and sparsely setose, the remaining joints pubescent and dull. In structural characters agrees very closely with A. dimidiata, Gory, but in general form is relatively a little longer and narrower than that species. Hab. SoutH Inpra, Tranquebar, Madras, Trevandrum, Bangalore. Type in Copenhagen Museum. Type (2) of externa, Pase. in Brit. Mus. The Fabrician description of this species appears to have been overlooked by the authors of the Munich catalogue, as I can find no reference to it in that work. From Fabricius’s description I had strongly suspected that his species was identical with the A. externa of Pasc.; and Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 43 what little doubt remained in my mind was set at rest on receiving for examination, a specimen which Dr. Meinert had carefully compared, and found to agree, with the Fabrician type. 9. Astathes violacerpennis. Tetraophthalmus violaceipennis, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1 p- 53 (1857). Tetraophthalmus fulgidus, Thoms. (nec Fabr.), 1. c., p. 54. Astathes 1gnita, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 557 (1865). Head, prothorax, body underneath, and legs, testaceous ; tarsi and apices of tibiz more or less infuscate ; elytra entirely violaceous, and glossy, but with a slight fuscous patch on each near the middle, due to the greater density of the black sets over that part; antennz testaceous ; with the last six or seven joints fuscous. Head closely and rather coarsely punctured. Prothorax more or less closely punctured on the dorsal and lateral tubercles. Elytra sparsely and finely punctured ; each with three slightly raised costz, one of which lies close alongside the suture. Hab. NortH InpiA, Assam, Nepal, Sikhim, and BuRMA. Types in coll. Oberthiir. This species is distinguishable from episcopalis, Chev. and others placed in this section, not only by differences in coloration but also in having ‘the coste of the elytra distinct, though not so strongly Taised and acute as in the species of the next section. 10. Astathes ganthinipennis. Astathes janthinipennis, Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 1895, e187. Head, prothorax, body underneath, and femora testaceous ; antenne with the third joint brownish-testaceous, the fourth and fifth pale fulvous, the first two and the last six more or less fuscous ; elytra entirely violaceous and nitid, but with a somewhat cloudy patch on each near the middle due to the aggregation there of short, decumbent black setz, longer erect black setae being more sparsely spread over the whole surface; tibiae and tarsi brownish-black. Head thickly and strongly punctured in front, sparsely punctured above. Centro-dorsal tubercle of prothorax sparsely punctured. Elytra distinctly but somewhat sparsely punctured ; each with two slightly elevated coste in addition to one running close alongside the suture. Hab. UPPER TONKIN. +4 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of This species is very closely allied to A. violacewpennis, Thoms., and differs from it by characters of only minor importance, such as the fuscous colour of the first two antennal joints, and the sparser puncturation of the prothorax. 11. Astathes episcopalis. Astathes episcopalis, Chevr., Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1852, p- 418. Head, thorax, body underneath, and femora, testaceous; elytra violaceous ; antenne black, with the bases of the 4th, 5th, 6th, and of some of the succeeding joints, fulvous ; tibize and tarsi black. Puncturation variable ; the head being usnally very closely, and the prothorax less closely punctured ; but in some specimens the dorsal tubercle of the prothorax is as closely punctured as the head ; elytra somewhat closely punctured, but in some specimens much less so than in others. Hab. Cutna, Hona Kone, and Formosa. Type (3) in Brit. Mus. An example of this species in M. Oberthiir’s collection is ticketed “violaceipennis, Thoms. Type,” but is evidently not the one described by Thomson under that name. The true violacerpennis of Thomson appears to me, from his description, to be identical with the species subsequently described by him as nitida, and I think it not improbable that the same specimen served as the type in each case, the original label having, perhaps, been accidentally removed from that specimen to one of episcopalis, Chevr. 12. Astathes cyanoptera. Astathes cyanoptera, Gahan, Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) v, p. 358 (1900). Closely allied to A. episcopalis, Chevr., but differing from it as follows :—-Less densely setose; dorsal tubercle of prothorax very sparsely punctured; elytra cyaneous, somewhat more _ strongly punctured ; proximal part of the tibiz testaceous; third, fourth, and fifth points of the antennz almost entirely fulvous, and the underside of the first joint testaceous. Hub. HatInAN Istanp (Whitehead). Types (% 2) in Brit. Mus. , Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 45 13. Astathes perversa, sp.n. (PL IV, fig. 3.) Reddish-testaceous ; antennz with the last eight joints more or less deeply infuscate ; elytra metallic-blue from the base to a little beyond the middle; metasternum with a large black spot on each side. Head rather closely punctured in front, less closely above. Prothorax sparsely punctured, except on the centro-notal tubercle ; the latter having the form characteristic of this section, but somewhat less strongly raised than in the preceding species. Elytra rather thickly punctured ; each with two short dorsal costa, in addition to one alongside the suture. Long. 9 mm. lat. 4 mm. ffab. West Borneo, Pontianak. Type in coll. Oberthiir. This species seems to link the present section with the next, The centro-notal tubercle is less raised, and the transverse ridges between it and the sides of the prothorax less broad and obtuse, than they are in the other species of this section. By these characters, and by the more ex- tended metallic-blue area of the elytra, as well as by the presence of two tolerably distinct dorsal costze on each elytron, the species may be distinguished from A. dimidiata, Gory, to which it has a considerable resemblance in colour. SECTION III. Prothorax much narrower at the apex than at the base ; the lateral tubercles short, gradually sloped in front, abruptly raised and some- - what sharply edged behind ; the centro-dorsal tubercle moderately raised, somewhat pyramidal in form, sloped gradually in front and prolonged to interrupt the anterior transverse groove, impressed on each sidé in front with a deep horizontal pit. Elytra each with three distinctly raised costa, in addition to an acute sutural costa. 14, Astathes splendida. Cerambyx splendidus, Fab., Ent. Syst., i, 2, p. 263 (1792); Syst. El., u. p. 279 (1801). Cerambyx splendidus, Weber, Observationes Ent., p. 86 1801). ae daldorfit, var. 1. Illig., in Wied. Archiv. fiir Zool., i, 2, p. 136, pl. 1, fig. 5 (1800). Cerambyx daldorfit, var. 1. Llg., Mag. fiir Insekt., iv, p. 109 (1805). 46 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Astathes decipiens, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) vy, p. 46 (1859). Var. Astathes splendida, Pasc., op. cit., (3) ui, p. 353 (1867). Reddish- or yellowish-testaceous ; elytra violaceous from the base up to, or a little beyond, the middle ; antennz infuscate towards the apex ; metasternum with a larger or smaller black patch on each side ; the hind legs, and sometimes also the middle legs, more or less infuscate. Head strongly and rather closely punctured in front, sparsely punctured above. Prothorax thickly punctured on the central tubercle, more sparsely elsewhere. Elytra rather sparsely punctate and setose, the setze on the anterior violaceous half being black, on the posterior half, tawny. Antenne of the male reaching to the apex of the elytra. Var. The violaceous area of the elytra extending a little farther back than in the type. Body underneath and legs entirely testaceous, Hab. SUMATRA, JAVA, and (of the var.) BORNEO. Types in Copenhagen Museum. Type of decipiens, Pasc., in Brit. Mus. Fabricius, in his description, gave Tranquebar as the locality of this species, but must have done so in error. Dr. Meinert has very kindly sent me for examination one of the original types of Fabricius, and this type specimen undoubtedly belongs to the form occurring in Sumatra, and described by Pascoe as A. decipiens. All the examples from Borneo which I have seen belong to the variety, which Pascoe erroneously regarded as the true splendida of Fab. 15. Astathes lemoides. Astathes lemoides, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 558 (1865). Head, prothorax, and apical half of elytra rufo-testaceous ; basal half of elytra violaceous, the hind border of this violaceous area being rather strongly arcuate ; body underneath black, but with the prothorax and mesosternum testaceous ; legs black, with the tarsi testaceous ; antenne testaceous, with the last five or six joints infus- cate, and the first two sometimes fuscous on the dorsal face. Hab. SUMATRA. Type (? ) in coll. Oberthiir. This species agrees closely in structure and puncturation with A. splendida, Fab., but is easily to be distinguished from it by the stronger and more regular arcuate emar- gination of the basal violaceous area of the elytra, as well as by the black colour of the underside. Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 47 16. Astathes unicolor. Astathes unicolor, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) p. 349 (1867). | Astathes coccinea, Pasc., |. ¢., p. 350. Entirely testaceous with the exception of the last four or five joints of the antenne which are more or less infuscate. In structural characters closely agreeing with the preceding two species. Hab. Borneo, Sarawak, Labuan and Sandakan. Types (f ¢) im Brit. Mus. This species is almost identical in coloration with A. rufescens, Thoms., and its elytra are similarly costate and punctate ; but in the latter species the centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax is less raised and is without a pit on each side anteriorly. The type of coccinea is slightly narrower than that of unicolor, and the head more closely punctured; but the difference in coloration which appears to have existed at the time when they were described has since almost com- pletely vanished, probably as the result of fading in one of the specimens. 17. Astathes fulgida. (Plate IV, fig. 4.) Cerambyx fulgidus, Fab., Syst. El., 11, p. 280. Astathes fulgida, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) in, p. 353 (1867). Yellowish-testaceous, with the elytra entirely metallic-blue, -green or violaceous, and the antenne infuscate towards the apex. Head with a rather prominent transverse ridge between the oblique flat- tened upper part of the front, and the lower median vertical part, and a similar oblique ridge on each side between the upper part and the lower lateral part of the front; upper part of the front canalicu- late along the middle, the lower part with a sharp median carina. _ Elytra each with four acute costz in addition to one running along- side the suture. Hab, SUMATRA. Type in Copenhagen Museum. Though I have not seen the type, I have no doubt as to my correct identification of this species. The prominent ridges on the front of the head serve to distinguish it from all other species of the genus. 48 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of 18. Astathes terminata. Astathes terminata, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) iv, p. 109 1857); id: (3) 11, p. Bat: Head, prothorax, and body underneath, black ; elytra for about three-fifths of their length from the base, violaceous, the remaining part reddish- or yellowish-testaceous ; legs fuscous or piceous, with the tarsi and distal portion of the tibie, testaceous; antenne yellowish-white, with the first joint brownish-testaceous or piceous, and the last three or four infuscate. Head thickly punctured in front, sparsely on the vertex. Central tubercle of pronotum not strongly raised, slightly convex above with a more abrupt conical point in the middle, rather thickly punctured. Hab. Mauacca. Type (2) in Brit. Mus. The type of this species is relatively somewhat narrower and more elongate than the other species of this section ; but in some of the following forms (which I provisionally treat as varieties), the shape is mere in accordance with that characteristic of the section. Var. 1. sumptuosa (Dup. MS.). = Tetraophthalmus daldorfii, Thoms. (nec Illig. nec Fab.), Archiy. Ent., 1, p. 52. Elytra violaceous from the base to the middle only, or to a little beyond it ; body underneath black as in the type of terminata. Hab. JAVA and MALACCA. Var. 2. Elytra coloured as in the type ; abdomen and the greater part of the metasternum testaceous. Hab. JAVA. Var. 3. westermanni (Mannerh. MS.). Elytra violaceous from the base to the middle only, or to a little beyond it; abdomen wholly, and the metasternum toa greater or less extent, testaceous. Hab. PrENanc, Dina Ding ISLANDS, PERAK, and BoRNEO. SECTION IV. Centro-dorsal tubercle of prothorax less strongly raised, especially ~ in front, where it is scarcely above the level of the transverse groove, and not impressed on each side with a horizontal pit. Elytra each with two distinctly raised, acute coste in addition to one alongside the suture. The fossa in front of the apex of the last ventral segment Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 49 of the female larger and deeper than in the species of the other sections. 19. Astathes levis. Astathes levis, Newm., The Entomologist, i, p. 299 (1842). Astathes divisa, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) v, p. 47 (1859). Var. 1.=A. gallerucoides, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 557 ee Var. 2.=A. basalis, Thoms., l. c., p. 557. A. casta, Thoms., |. c., p. 538. Reddish-testaceous ; elytra from the base to the middle or to a little beyond it, violaceous-blue, the hinder part of this blue area with a patch of closely aggregated black setz ; the antennz infuscate at the apex, the tarsi, and the apices of the tibiz, brownish-black. Head and prothorax distinctly but rather sparsely punctured ; central tubercle of pronotum sub-pyramidal in form, and more strongly raised than in the majority of the species belonging to this section. Elytra sparsely punctured. Hab. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS (Cuming). Type ( @ ) of levis, Newm., and type ( f ) of divisa, Pasc., in Brit. Mus Pascoe gave India as the locality of divisa and his type specimen is so labelled ; but this specimen agrees so well in every respect (save the sexual differences) with New- man’s type, that I feel almost certain the locality India is wrong, and that the specimen really came from the Philippines. Var. 1. gallerucoides, Thoms. Differs from the type of levis, Newm., in having a narrow testaceous border at the base of each elytron from the suture to the humeral depression, Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. Var. 2. basalis, Thoms.=casta, Thoms, In this variety the blue area of the elytra does not extend as far as to the middle, and the sutural margins the whole way up to, and alongside of, the scutellum are testaceous. Type (?) in coll. Oberthiir. T could find no difference between the type of basalis and that of casta, except a slight difference in tint, the reddish- testaceous colour of the former being replaced by yellowish- white in the latter. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 4 50 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of 20. Astathes gemmula. Astathes gemmula, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 557 (1865). Reddish-testaceous, with the elytra from the base to a little beyond the middle, purplish-violaceous ; first two joints of the antenne, black, last six or seven infuscate ; tarsi and apices of tibize infuscate. Head and prothorax distinctly but rather sparsely punctured ; upper part of front of head depressed in the middle, and separated by an obtuse and oblique ridge on each side from the lateral and lower parts of the front ; dorsal tubercle of prothorax sub-pyramidical in form, and as strongly raised in the middle as in A. levis, Newm. Hab. CELEBES. Type (f) in coll. Oberthiir. This species agrees very well in structure with A. /evis, Newm., and has a considerable resemblance to it in colour, the chief differences being that the first two joints of the antenne are black, and the elytra do not exhibit a fuscous patch on the posterior part of the violaceous area. 21. Astathes plagiata, sp. n. Astathes levis, var. y. Newman, The Entomologist, 1, p. 299. Astathes plagiata (Hope MS.). Reddish-testaceous. Antenne with the basal joint brownish or piceous, the last six or seven infuscate, and the intermediate joints pallid. Elytra each with a rather large violaceous-blue spot placed a short distance before the middle, about midway between the suture and outer margin. ‘Tarsi and, to a greater or less extent, the tibie, infuscate. Front of head distinctly but not very closely punctured ; furnished with a rather feeble median carina in its lower half in both sexes; vertex feebly and sparsely punctured. Prothorax rather sparsely punctured ; the transverse ridge is not prominent at the sides, and the centro-dorsal tubercle scarcely exists as such, being hardly raised above the level of the surrounding parts. Elytra each with two dorsal costz in addition to the juxta-sutural costa. Hab, PHILIPPINE IsLANDS, N.E. Luzon (Whitehead). Type in Brit. Mus. The very feebly raised centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax, together with the different markings of the elytra, serve to distinguish this species from C. levis, of which Newman regarded it as a variety. Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 51 22. Astathes instabilis, sp. n. Head, prothorax, body underneath, legs, and antenne testaceous ; fourth and fifth joints of the antenne pallid, and the last three or four infuscate ; tibiz sometimes more or less blackish; elytra violaceous-blue, except in the apical fifth or sixth part, which is testaceous. Head sparsely punctured above, more closely in front, with the interstices minutely punctulate. Pronotum strongly but sparsely punctured ; the central tubercle almostas strongly raised as in A. levis, Newm. Elytra sparsely punctured; each with two distinct dorsal costz in addition to an acute costa lying close along- side the suture ; the setze on the violaceous area black, those on the apical testaceous area, tawny in colour. Antenne of the male a little longer than the body, those of the female reaching to the apical fifth of the elytra. Var. 1. Elytra entirely testaceous, and the sete on them all tawny in colour. Var. 2. Elytra testaceous ; with the setze mostly black in colour, those only near the apex being tawny. Long. 11-15 mm. Hab. SouTH and SoutH East Borneo. ‘Types in coll. Oberthiir. 23. Astuthes gaponica. Tetraophthalmus japonicus, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. 51 C1357). Head, prothorax, body underneath, legs, and base of the antenne, testaceous ; intermediate joints of the antennze pallid, the last four or five infuscate ; elytra violaceous, except in their apical sixth part and for a short distance forwards along the sutural and lateral margins, rather closely beset with tawny sete, especially at and in front of the middle so that a faint tawny band becomes visible there in certain lights. Head sparsely punctured above, more closely in front, with the interstices minutely punctulate. Pronotum sparsely punctured. Elytra distinctly, but not closely, punctured from the base almost to the apex ; each with two acute dorsal coste in addition to one running alongside the suture. Antenne of the male a little longer than the body. Hab. (2?) Type (¢) in coll. Oberthiir. Var. Apex of elytra more narrowly testaceous than in the type ; middle and front tibize, and sometimes also the hind tibix, blackish. Hab. SoutH East Borneo (Doherty). In Brit. Mus. and in coll. Oberthiir. 52 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of This variety differs so slightly from the type as to make it extremely probable that the type itself came from Borneo or Java, and not from Japan as stated by Thomson. No other specimens of this or of any species of Astathes have been recorded from Japan. The species is very closely allied to A. instabilis, the only definite character by which it is distinguishable being the presence of numerous tawny setz on the anterior violaceous area of the elytra, causing the latter to exhibit a somewhat golden gloss in certain lights. 24. Astathes montana, sp. n. Head, prothorax, underside, femora, and base of antennz, reddish- testaceous ; vertex of head and two small spots on the pronotum faintly piceous, intermediate joints of antennz pallid, last joints infuscate : elytra of a deep violaceous-blue colour, except at the extreme apical border where they are rufescent ; all the tibiz, and the posterior face of the front femora blackish. Head distinctly but rather sparsely punctured, with the interstices between the larger punctures on the front minutely punctulate ; prothorax sparsely punctured on the centro-dorsal tubercle, in the channel in front of it, and on the lateral tubercles ; elytra sparsely punctured from the base almost up to the apex. Long. 12, lat. 5 mm. Hab. HiMaLayas (Melly). Type (%) in Brit. Mus. In coloration this species resembles A. violaceipennis, Thoms., but differs in having the tibiz entirely black. It is distinguished further from that species in being less densely setose, and having the centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax less raised, and without a pit on each side in front. 25. Astathes velata. Astathes velata, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 557 (1865); Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (8) 11, p. 353. Yellowish-testaceous ; with the last five or six joints of the antennz infuscate ; and the elytra from the base almost to the middle, violaceous-blue, but with this violaceous-blue area more or less widely interrupted at the suture by a triangular extension forwards of the testaceous area. Centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax feebly raised, appearing as little more than the median portion of a sinuate ridge crossing the pronotum from side to side ; but with the anterior slope of the tubercle extending to the transverse groove in front and raised slightly above its level so as to interrupt it. é ‘ | ; Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 58 Hab. JAvA and SumatTrRA. Type (¢) in coll. Oberthiir. This species is closely allied to A. levis, Newm., and is chiefly distinguishable from it by the less extent of the violaceous area on the elytra, and the feebler development and closer puncturation of the centro-notal tubercle. This tubercle is of somewhat the same size and form in all the remaining species of this section. In M. Oberthiir’s collection there is a specimen ticketed “intermedia Thoms. type” which can only be regarded as a variety of velata, Thoms. Though labelled ‘type’ it has not, to my knowledge, been described. It differs from the type of velata in having the elytra violaceous from the base quite up to the middle, and this violaceous area not so widely interrupted at the suture. The locality of the specimen is not indicated by any label, but a specimen in the Brit. Mus. very closely agreeing with it, is ticketed Java. 26. Astathes rufescens. Astathes rufescens, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559 (1865). Very closely allied to A. velata, Thoms., and probably only a variety of that species, the chief differences noticeable relating to the colour of the elytra. Elytra entirely yellowish-testaceons, giving more or less strong purplish reflexions, especially towards the base, in certain lights ; with a small area on each side between the middle and the base rather closely beset with blackish sete, the sete over the rest of the surface being more sparsely scattered, and tawny in colour. (In some specimens the shouider of each elytron has a distinct purplish colour.) Hab. JAVA and SUMATRA. Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. Having been unable to find any structural difference between this form and A. velata, I was inclined to think that the difference in coloration might be due to immaturity of the specimens. But from an examination of a large number of specimens, M. Oberthiir has come to the conclusion that this is not the case. He believes, however, that A. rufescens is only a unicolorous form of A. velata. 27. Astathes nitens, (Plate IV, fig. 5.) Cerambyx nitens, Fab., Syst. Eleuth., 11, p. 279 (1801). Lamia daldorfir, var. 3, Llig., in Wiedem. Archiv. fiir Zool. 1, 2, p. 136 (1800). 54 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Cerambyx rgnitus, Illig., Mag. fiir Insekt., iv, p. 109 (1805). Astathes nitens, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) 11, p. 350 (1867). Astathes fabricii, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 558 (1865). Var. Astathes apicalis, Thoms., l. c., p. 558. Astathes hwmeralis, Heyden, Abh. Sencken. nat. Ges., xxiii, p. 578 (1897). Head, prothorax and abdomen black; antenne yellowish or reddish-testaceous, with a variable number of the joints nearest the apex more or less infuscate; elytra testaceous, with the posterior sixth or seventh part violaceous; prosternum and hind breast entirely, or in part only, testaceous ; legs variable in colour, the femora and tibie being usually for the most part pitchy-black, but sometimes entirely testaceous. Head and prothorax distinctly, but rather sparsely punctured, the punctures on the prothorax being mostly confined to the centro-dorsal and lateral tubercles; these tubercles not more raised than in the preceding species, and similar to them in form, that is they appear as little more than the median and lateral parts of a sinuate ridge crossing the pronotum from side to side sloping gradually in front, and abruptly raised and rather sharply edged behind. Elytra distinctly enough, but sparsely, punctured, each with two distinct dorsal costz in addition to one alongside the suture, the costz external to these being almost, or quite, obsolete. Hab. SuMATRA, Nias I., BoRNEO, MaLaAcca and SIAM. This species is placed in the Munich Catalogue as a variety of A. splendida, Fab., and so also is A. fulgida, Fab., but it will be seen from the positions which I have assigned to them, that these three species are really very distinct from each other, differing as they do by strongly marked structural characters. A. nitens varies to some extent in colour. In some specimens the elytra are entirely testaceous, or have only the extreme apical border violaceous, while in the type (%) of apicalis, Thoms., from Malacca, the whole posterior third part of the elytra is violaceous. In humeralis, Heyd., described from one (@) example from Baram in North Borneo, the apical fourth part of the elytra is violaceous, a condition somewhat intermediate between that of apicalis and the typical form of niéens. 28. Astathes caloptera. Astathes caloptera, Pasc., Journ. of Ent., 1, p. 63 (1860). Astathes cyanipennis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 557 (1865). —— — Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 55 Entirely black with the exception of the elytra and antenne ; elytra of a deep violaceous-blue colour, and the antennz pale yellowish with the last three or four joints infuscate. In its relatively broad form and in all its structural characters the species agrees well with A. nitens, Fab. Hab. Borneo. Type (4) of caloptera in Brit. Mus. Type () of cyanipennis in coll. Oberthiir. This species varies very considerably in size, one of the male specimens described. by Pascoe measuring only 9 mm, in length, whereas a large female in the Brit. Mus. collection has a length of 17 mm. 29. Astathes posticalis. Astathes posticalis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 558 (1865); Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) ii, p. 351 (1867). Head, prothorax and abdomen black ; elytra violaceous from the base to a little beyond the middle, thence to the apex testaceous, the violaceous area with an almost straight hind border; antenn testaceous, with the intermediate joints pallid, and the last five or six infuscate; hind-breast testaceous ; legs more or less piceous, Agrees with A. nitens, Fab., in structural characters. Hab. BorNnto. Type (§) in coll. Oberthiir. This species appears to vary in the extent of the violaceous colour on the elytra. In one specimen before me the violet area does not reach quite up to the middle, in another it reaches just to the middle, while in all the remaining specimens it reaches to a little beyond the middle. 30. Astathes ignorantina. Tetraophthalmus ignorantinus, 'Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. BF (1857). Head and prothorax black ; elytra dark violaceous for nearly two-thirds of their length from the base, apical part testaceous ; metasternum and abdomen testaceous, with the middle of the first segment black; fore and middle femora blackish, hind femora testaceous ; tibize all slightly black at base, and testaceous towards the apex; tarsi testaceous; antenne pale yellowish-testaceous. Pronotum sparsely punctured, with transverse ridge and median tubercle closely resembling those of caloptera, Pasc., and nitens, Fab. Hab, JAVA. Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. Var. Differs from the type in having the abdomen entirely 56 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of testaceous, the posterior femora, as well as the anterior and middle femora, black, and the tibize, especially the anterior pair, black to a greater extent. Hab. WEST Borneo, Pontianak. In coll. Oberthiir and in Brit. Mus. Astathes kukenthali, Heyden (Abh. Sencken. nat. Ges., xxii, p. 578 (1897), from Samarinda in East Borneo, seems to be identical with this variety. It is described as being closely allied to A. posticalis, Thoms., but differmg as follows: elytra violaceous to a greater extent (for four- sevenths of their length from the base); front tibize wholly, and the middle and hind tibiz in their basal part, black ; abdomen rufous; central tubercle of pronotum strongly raised (“ thorace in medio postice alte calloso”). These differences, with the exception of the last, are almost precisely the same as those by which the above variety may be distinguished from osticalis; but there is no appreciable difference in the size or form of the pronotal tubercle, and it is therefore possible that Heyden’s species may be one of the varieties of A. terminata, Pasc. instead. In none of these varieties known to me, however, are the front tibiz black to a greater extent than those of the other two pairs; as a rule, they are less black. 31. Astathes purpurea. Astathes purpurea, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) iv, p. 108 (1857) ; id. (3) iii, p. 354. Head and prothorax black and glossy ; the underside and legs pitchy-black, but with the hind-breast, the tarsi, and apices of the tibize testaceous ; elytra entirely of a dark purplish or violet colour ; first three joints of the antennz brownish, the remaining joints pale testaceous. Front of head distinctly but not very closely punctured ; furnished with a rather feeble median carina in its lower part in the female ; vertex of head and disk of prothorax sparsely punctured ; centro-dorsal tubercle of prothorax feebly raised, slightly notched in the middle behind, and impressed with a shallow pit in front. Elytra relatively rather narrow, sparsely but rather strongly punctured ; each with a juxta-sutural and two dorsal coste. Hab. SINGAPORE. Tyre (2) in Brit. Mus. This species somewhat resembles A. caloptera, Pasc., in general coloration, but differs in having the tarsi and hind-breast testaceous instead of black; and is further to Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 57 be distinguished by its relatively narrow form. In general form it is more like the species of the next section; but from the structure of its prothorax I consider it to be more nearly allied to the species placed in the present section. SECTION V. Centro-dorsal tubercle of prothorax small and narrow, not pro- longed in front to interrupt the anterior transverse groove, the latter being continued in a straight line right across the pronotum ; dorso- lateral tubercles not sharply edged behind. Elytra each with two distinct dorsal costz in addition to the sutural costa. Last ventral segment of the female not foveate. The species of this section are, as a rule, smaller, and relatively narrower than those of the preceding sections, 32. Astathes straminea. Astathes straminea, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (2) iv, p. 108 (1857). Head and prothorax black ; elytra entirely yellowish-testaceous ; underside almost wholly pitchy-black ; femora and tibiz more or less piceous ; antennze pale testaceous with the basal joints more or less brown. Head distinctly and rather closely punctured in front, less closely on the vertex ; pronotum closely punctured at the sides of the central tubercle and in the groove in front of and behind it. Elytra feebly punctured. Hab. BurMA. Type in Brit. Mus. The type specimen appears to be slightly immature, the legs antennz and elytra being paler than in other specimens, and the centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax slightly testaceous instead of black. 33. Astathes bipartita. Astathes bipartita, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 558 (1865). Astathes pulchella, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) iii, p. 354 (1867). Reddish-testaceous or fulvous ; with the basal half of the elytra violaceous-blue, the apical half yellowish, the metasternum at the sides, and the last three or four joints of the antennze dark brown. Head densely punctured in front. Pronotum less closely but more strongly punctured, except on the central and lateral tubercles which are somewhat smooth and glossy. Elytra sparsely and rather feebly punctured, each with two distinct dorsal coste in addition to the one alongside the suture. 58 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Hab. Mauacca, Tringano, Patani, Singapore, and SUMATRA. Type of bepartita in coll. Oberthiir; type of pulchella in Brit. Mus. In size, form and structure this species agrees pretty closely with A. straminea, Pasc., but has an entirely different coloration. 34. Astathes cincta, sp.n. (Pl. IV, fig. 6.) Yellowish-testaceous ; with a broad steel-blue band crossing the whole width of the elytra between the base and the middle, the anterior border of the band being at a short distance behind the base, and the posterior, a little in front of the middle of the elytra; apex of antenne slightly infuscate. Head thickly punctured in front and furnished with a feeble median carina near the base; less closely punctured above and impressed with a median line. Prothorax slightly protuberant at the middle of each side : closely and strongly punctured above except along the central tubercle, the latter in the form of a slightly raised obtuse ridge extending from the posterior to the anterior transverse groove. LElytra rather sparsely punctured ; each with two distinct dorsal costz in addition to the sutural costa. Antennz of the male a little longer than the body; those of the female a little shorter than the body. Long, 9-10 mm. Hab. JAvA, Gounod Gedeh (Ledru). Type in coll. Oberthiir. This species, though closely resembling A. fasciata in coloration and in the relative position of the elytral band, is much smaller in size and differs further in having the centro-dorsal tubercle of the prothorax obtuse instead of strongly acute. 35. Astathes fasciata, sp. n. Astathes levis, var. 8B. Newman, The Entomologist, i, p. 299. Head, prothorax, and first three joints of the antennz testaceous ; intermediate joints of the antennze pale yellow, last five or six infuscate ; elytra yellowish- or reddish-testaceous, with a broad blue band crossing them transversely just before the middle ; body under- neath, and legs testaceous, with the tarsi and the discal half of the tibiz infuscate. Head densely and somewhat rugosely punctured in front, sparsely and feebly above ; the front with a prominent median carina in its lower half. Antennze reaching to the apex of the elytra in the male. Prothorax feebly tuberculate at the sides ; its centro- dorsal tubercle taking the form of a sharp ridge extending from the Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 59 posterior to the anterior transverse groove; strongly and rather closely punctured except on the centro-dorsal ridge. Elytra feebly and sparsely punctured, but with the punctures appearing larger through being surrounded each by a small dusky area ; two distinctly raised costée, in addition to the juxta-sutural costa, present on each elytron. Hab. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Type (¢) in Brit. Mus. Two 2 examples collected by C. Semper, in coll. Oberthiir. 36. Astathes contenttosa. Astathes contentiosa, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) iu, p. 352. Head, prothorax, and body underneath, black ; elytra purplish- or violaceous-black in the basal half, testaceous or yellowish in the hinder half, with the testaceous colour extending forwards triangularly at the suture; antennae testaceous or fulvous, with the last few joints slightly infuscate ; femora blackish, tarsi, and the tibie to a greater or less extent, testaceous. Head and prothorax sparsely punctured, the punctures being thickest and most distinct around the central tubercle of the pronotum. LElytra sparsely and rather feebly punctured. Hab. Matacca, Singapore, Johore, and Sinkip Island. Type in Brit. Mus. In the type from Singapore, the elytra are slightly tinted with purplish at the apex, andin the specimen trom Johore they are distinctly but very narrowly tipped with violet. The species is very nearly allied to A. partita (= daldorfii, Fab.), but is somewhat smaller in size, and distinguishable by the much greater extent of the violaceous area on the basal half of the elytra. 37. Astathes partita, sp. 0. Cerambyx daldorfiu, Fab. (nec Illiger), Syst. Eleuth., uu, p22: Astathes daldorfii, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) in, p. 350. Head, prothorax and scutellum, black ; elytra reddish-testaceous, but with the apex and a spot extending inwards to a greater or less extent from each shoulder, violaceous-blue ; antenne reddish-brown at the base, fuscous at the end, the intermediate joints being pale testaceous ; body underneath black ; legs piceous with the tarsi and sometimes also the apices of the tibice testaceous. 60 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Hab. MAuacca and SuMATRA. ‘Type in Brit. Mus. This species agrees pretty closely with A. straminea, Pasc., and A. flaviventris, Pasc., both in form and structure, and is chiefly distinguishable from them by the difference in the coloration of the elytra. It is without doubt the species described by Fabricius as Cerambyx daldorfit, but it certainly is not one of the three forms included by Illiger under that name. [Illiger’s C. daldorfic seems to have been made up of three very distinct species, his var. 1 being identical with splendida, Fab., his var. 2 with fulgida, Fab., and his var. 3 with nitens, Fab. 38. Astathes flavwentris. Astathes flaviventris, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) iii, p. 352. Head, prothorax, and scutellum black ; elytra for about one-half or two-thirds of their length from the base, violaceous-blue, and thence to the apex, testaceous ; antenne reddish-brown at the base, pale yellow in the middle, infuscate towards the apex ; body under- neath and legs, piceous or black, with the abdomen, the tarsiand the apices of the tibiz testaceous. Head distinctly, but not very closely punctured in front, more feebly and sparsely punctured on the vertex. Pronotum closely punctured at the sides of the central tubercle and in the transverse grooves. Elytra feebly and somewhat sparsely punctured. Hab. BoRNEO. Type in Brit. Mus. This species greatly resembles A. terminata, Pasc., in size, form and coloration, so much so that specimens of the two species are sometimes mixed up together in collections. But an examination of the character of the centro-dorsal tubercle of pronotum will readily enable one to distinguish them. Another character to be noted is the presence of a rather well-marked depression on the last ventral segment in the female of A. terminata, and the almost complete absence of any such depression in A. flaviventris. Genus ANASTATHES, gen. nov. Head almost flat between the antenniferous tubercles. Antenne rather short and thick, those of the female scarcely reaching to the apical third of the elytra; third joint not longer than the first ; second joint scarcely longer than broad ; last joint sharply pointed and sub-glabrous at the apex. Prothorax transverse, furnished with an obtuse, transverse tubercle or ridge at the middle of each side, and Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 61 a large obtuse tubercle on the middle of the disc. Elytra nearly parallel-sided, broadly rounded and unarmed at the apex. Inter- coxal process of the prosternum raised in the middle almost toa level with the coxze ; mesosternal process vertical in front, turned back at the end to meet the anterior process of the metasternum, which is advanced nearly three-fourths of the way between the middle coxe. Type of the genus: Astathes nigricornis, Thoms. 1. Anastathes nigricornis. Astathes nigricornis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 560. Tetraophthalmus nigricornis (De}. Cat.). . Reddish-testaceous; with the elytra somewhat paler towards the apex ; antenne entirely black. Head sparsely and rather feebly punctured ; front slightly concave in the middle between the antenne, convex in its lower part. Antennz reaching about to the apical third of the elytra; first joint very closely punctured. Prothorax almost equally broad at the base and apex, rather deeply canaliculate at each side behind the lateral tubercle, less deeply in front of it ; the discoidal tubercle extending almost from the base to the apex, strongly and rather closely punctured. LElytra about one- half longer than broad, sparsely and not strongly punctured from the base to a little beyond the middle ; each with two feebly raised dorsal costee. Last ventral segment with an impressed line along the middle, and a faint depression near the apex. Hab. Matacca (Type 2 in coll. Oberthiir), PENANG (Lamb) and JAVA. 2. Anastathes biplagiata, sp.n. (Plate IV, fig. 9.) 2. Yellowish-testaceous ; elytra each with a large oval black spot placed transversely just before the middle ; antennz with the first three joints black and glossy, the remaining joints dark brown and dull. Head strongly but not closely punctured; the front broad, nearly flat above between the antenne, slightly convex below and furnished with a very faint median carina. Antenne scarcely extending beyond the middle of the elytra; the first joint very closely punctured ; the last eight joints together hardly longer than the first three together. Prothorax almost as broad in front as at the base ; the centro-notal tubercle large and obtuse, extending almost from the base to the apex, strongly and rather closely punctured. Elytra distinctly but not closely punctured, the punctures becoming eradually smaller on the posterior half; costz almost entirely obsolete. Last ventral segment as long as the three preceding it 62 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of impressed with a groove along the middle, and a faint depression near the apex. Long. 10, lat. 4 mm. Hab. Stam, Laos (in coll. Oberthiir), Lakhon (Armand — in Paris Museum). Genus CLEONARIA. Cleonaria, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 119 (1864). Narrow and elongate in form. Head slightly depressed between the antenne. Antenne shorter than the body in both sexes, densely setose, the setee being longer and forming a fringe on the posterior side ; first joint shorter than the third, asperate in front near the apex. Prothorax sub-cylindrical, scarcely broader than long, slightly rounded in the middle at the sides, feebly raised in the middle of the disc, impressed with a straight anterior and a sinuate posterior transverse groove. Elytra more than twice as long as broad, a little wider than the prothorax, and slightly wider posteriorly than at the base. Intercoxal process of prosternum narrow in the middle, and not strongly raised. Mesosternal process nearly horizontal, prolonged between the middle coxe for the greater part of their length. Legs rather short, the hind femora scarcely reaching beyond the second abdominal segment. ‘Tarsal claws appendiculate in both sexes, Last ventral segment of the female long, and impressed with a median line ; that of the male shorter and narrower and without impression. Type of the genus: Cleonaria bicolor, Thoms. 1. Cleonaria bicolor. Cleonaria bicolor, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 119 (1864). Head and prothorax testaceous yellow, with a faint ochreous pubescence, and furnished also with erect tawny sete ; head with a dark spot behind the lower lobe of each eye, and sometimes also, with a dark spot on each of the antenniferous tubercles ; prothorax with a dark blue band along the lower part of each side ; antenne black ; elytra pale yellow or stramineous; body underneath, with the exception of the pro- and meso-sterna, dark metallic-blue ; legs black, varying to piceous. Head and prothorax distinctly but not very closely punctured. Elytra setose, thickly and strongly punctured, except near the apex ; slightly flattened along each side of the suture. Antenne reaching to the apical fourth of the elytra in the male, to a little beyond the middle in the female ; first joint very thiekly punctured. Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 68 Hab. Stam (Type ¢,-1n coll. Oberthiir); and 8. Inpra, Madras, Nilgiris. I have been unable to detect any sufficient specific difference in the examples from South India. They agree in all essential respects with the type. In the latter, the head is not darker at the base of the antennz, and the dark spot behind each eye is very faint; but the same is true also of most of the South-Indian specimens. 2. Cleonaria cingalensis, sp. n. Apical fourth or fifth part of the elytra dark metallic-blue ; the coloration of all the remaining parts of the insect very similar to that of C. bicolor, Thoms. Head with a median, carini-form tubercle on the lower part of the front in the male, slightly gibbous in front in the female. In other structural characters, and in general form, the species agrees with C. bicolor. Long. 10-13, lat. Hab. CeyLton. Types (¢) in Brit. Mus.; 2 in coll. Oberthiir. Genus CHREONOMA. Chreonoma, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (8) i, p. 358. Head broadly and moderately concave between the antenniferous tubercles. Antenne a little longer than the body in the male usually shorter than the body in the female ; first joint asperate in front at, or near, the apex; second joint nearly twice as long as broad. Prothorax transverse, sub-cylindrical, protuberant, or not, at the middle of each side; the disc with a more or less distinet median elevation. LElytra slightly widened out posteriorly, rounded and unarmed at the apex, without raised lines. Prosternum not very strongly raised between the coxze ; mesosternum sloped in front, prolonged between the middle coxz for the greater part of their length. Type of the genus: Chreonoma venusta, Pase. The more typical species of this genus form a group or section distinguished by the following characters : Scape of the antennz as long as, or slightly longer than, the third joint, gradually and slightly thickened towards the apex ; last joint sharply pointed and sub-glabrous at the tip. Prothorax very slightly or not at all protuberant at the sides; the anterior groove feeble and indistinct, especially in the middle ; the posterior groove distinct at the sides, very narrow and strongly bowed back in the 64 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of middle behind the discal elevation ; the latter very slightly raised and only apparent on the posterior part of the disc. Last ventral - segment of the female obtusely pointed at the apex. This section includes C. venusta, Pasc., and C. seclusa, Pasc., from Batchian, C. bimaculata, Pasc., from Waigiou, C. flavicincta, Pasc., from Saylee, C. vernula, Pasc., from Morty, and C. annulicornis, Pasc., from Celebes. The following four species are closely related to these but differ in having the prothorax more protuberant at the middle of each side; the last joint of the antenne less sharply pointed and covered entirely with pubescence; and the last ventral segment of the female more broadly rounded at the apex. Chreonoma pallida. Astathes pallida, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. Astathes kraatzi, Thoms., l.c., p. 559. Entirely pale yellowish-testaceous, excepting the last five to seven joints of the antenne which are infuscate. Prothorax with a very slight elevation extending along the middle of the dise almost from the base to the apex ; this elevation smooth, and only distinctly limited posteriorly where it is bounded by the basal transverse groove. Elytra rather thickly punctured from the base to a little beyond the middle. Scape of the antennz a little longer than the *~ third joint, asperate in front at the apex. Last ventral segment of ? with a rather broad and deep fovea before the apex. Hab. JavA (Type g of pallida) and PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Mindanao (Type 2 of kraatzt). Chreonoma puncticollis, Astathes puncticollis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. 9. Characters as in C. kraatzi, Thoms., but with the smooth space along the disc of the prothorax much narrower and restricted to the posterior part of the disc; and the pronotum at the sides of, and in front of, this smooth space much more thickly punctured. Hab. PuitippIneE Is~tanps. Type (¢) in coll. Oberthiir. Chreoma dapsilis. Phea dapsilis, Newm., The Entomologist, i, p. 300 (1842). @. Yellowish-testaceous, with the last six joints of the antenne dark brown, and rather more than the apical half of the elytra dark “Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 65 metallic-blue, this blue area being extended somewhat further forward in the middle, with its anterior margin rounded. Head distinetly but rather sparsely punctured in front, without raised line or carina. Antenne three-fourths the length of the body; scape equal in length to the third joint, slightly thickened towards the apex, thickly punctured, asperate near the apex. Prothorax sparsely punctured, except along the middle of the centro-notal elevation, which is smooth, Elytra rather thickly punctured on the basal testaceous area. Hab. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Manilla. Type in Brit. Mus. Chreonoma dilecta. Phea dilecta, Newm., The Entomologist, 1, p. 300 (1842). @. Antenne, and the apical fifth of the elytra black ; all the rest of the body pale yellowish-testaceous. Head almost impunctate ; front with a very feeble median carina in its lower half. Antennz nearly as long as the body ; first joint a little shorter than the third, asperate over nearly the whole of its anterior face. Prothorax very slightly protuberant at the middle of each side; the centro-notal elevation sparsely punctured, ill defined in front, distinctly limited behind by the backwardly deflexed part of the posterior groove. Elytra slightly widened out posteriorly, rather thickly punctured except near the apex. Hab. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, Manilla. Type (2) in Brit. Mus. In the remaining species of the genus, the scape of the antenne is shorter than the third joint, and the last joint is entirely pubescent and not very sharply pointed: the prothorax is more distinctly protuberant at the middle of each side, its anterior groove is continued across the pronotum, its posterior groove is less strongly bowed back in the middle, and the central elevation, lying between these grooves, is more strongly raised. These include C. albicornis, Pasc., C. melanura, Bate. and C. tabida, Pasc., in addition to the following : Chreonoma discordalis. Astathes discoidalis, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. 9. Head and prothorax reddish-testaceous, the elytra of a paler, yellowish-testaceous colour ; underside, legs, and antenne, testaceous. Head sparingly punctured. Prothorax with a slight elevation on the TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 5 66 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of middle of the dise between the anterior and posterior transverse grooves; this elevation strongly and rather thickly punctured, the lateral parts of the pronotum being less thickly punctured. Elytra sparsely, but rather strongly, punctured for about two-thirds of their length from the base. Scape of the antennze with two or three short oblique ridges near the apex, the one nearest the apex being the longest, and somewhat resembling the limiting carina of the open cicatrice met with in the Mesosine. Hab, Matacca. Type (Q) in coll. Oberthiir. Chreonoma pallidwentris, Astathes pallidiventris, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. Astathes egrota, Thoms., |. ¢., p. 560. Very closely allied to (. discoidalis, Thoms., and similar to it in colour, the only characters serving to distinguish it being the some- what more strongly raised, and less thickly punctured, elevation on the middle of the pronotum, and the greater number—five or six— of the short transverse ridges forming the rasp-like roughness near the apex of the antennal scape. In the male type the front of the head is furnished with a cariniform tubercle similar to that occurring in C. frontalis, Gahan, but much less strongly developed. fab. CocHIn CuiNnA. Types in coll. Oberthiir. The type of pallidiventris is a male, that of xgrota, a female; and there can be no doubt that both belong to one species. Chreonoma nigriventris. Astathes nigriventris, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559 (1865). Chreonoma nigriventris, Pasc., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) iii, p. 360 (1867). Hab. MALAY PENINSULA, Singapore (Wallace), Perak (Ridley). This species is closely allied to C. discoidalis, Thoms., but differs in having the metathorax and abdomen, black ; and the centro-notal tubercle of the prothorax less closely punctured. In the male, the head hasa strongly developed cariniform tubercle on the middle of the front: in the female the front of the head is somewhat gibbous in the middle, but 1s without a tubercle or carina, Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 67 Chreonoma testacea. Tetraophthalmus testaceus, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. 55 (1857). Metasternum and the first three abdominal segments blackish- brown ; hind femora also dark brown, except at the extremities ; all the rest of the body, including the elytra and antenne, testaceous. In structural characters this species agrees pretty closely with C. pallidiventris and C. nigriventris, but in the male the front of the head is only slightly more gibbous than in the female and is without a distinct carina or tubercle. Hab. JAVA. Type (f) mm coll. Oberthiir. Chreonoma punctata. Astathes punctata, Thoms., Syst. Ceramb., p. 559. Hab. Matacca. Type (¢ ) in coll. Oberthiir. This species was described from a female example which greatly resembles the female of C. testacea, Thoms., differ- ing only in having the underside entirely testaceous. Chreonoma frontalis. Chreonoma frontalis, Gahan, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, (2) xiv, p. 100 (1894). | Hab. NortH INDIA and NortH BuRMA. Chreonoma basalis. Chreonoma basalis,Gahan, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1894, p. 487. Hab. Honea Kone, Chreonoma comata, sp.n. (Plate IV, fig. 8.) d. Head, antennze at the base, prothorax, and a narrow trans- verse band at the base of the elytra, yellowish-testaceous ; rest of the elytra violaceous-blue ; last six joints of the antenne and the apices of the fourth and fifth, dark brown; body underneath, and legs, testaceous, densely clothed with tawny hairs, which are much longer and more densely placed on the sides of the abdomen. Head rather broad and convex in front, without a median carina, densely setose. Prothorax with the centro-notal tubercle rather strongly raised, somewhat oval in outline, convex above, and distinctly and closely punctured except along the middle. Elytra rather closely punctured, with the punctures becoming 68 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of gradually smaller towards the apex ; somewhat densely setose, the setze being longer on the basal part, shorter near the apex, black on the violaceous area, and tawny like those of the head and thorax, on the basal testaceous band. Antenne longer than the body ; first joint rather short, obconical, asperate in front near the apex; joints 3rd to 8th or 9th slightly angulate at the apex on the anterior side, the same joints with a fringe of short sets on the posterior side. Long. 12 mm.; lat. 4 mm. Hab. Hona Kona. Type (f) in coll. Oberthiir. This species greatly resembles C. basalis, Gah., in size, form and coloration, and comes from the same locality. It differs in having the testaceous band at the base of the elytra nearly twice as broad, the head of the male without a frontal carina, the antennal joints slightly angulate at the apex and more densely setose, the legs and body underneath much more thickly covered with tawny hairs, and these hairs very much longer, especially on the sides of the abdomen. Chreonoma fortuner. Plaxomicrus fortunei, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. 58, pl. 8, fig. 2. Hab. Cutna, Shanghai. Var. japontea, var. 0. Differs from the Chinese form in having the antenne entirely black. Hab. JAPAN, Kaisa, and Province of Satsuma. (In coll. Oberthiir, and in Brit. Mus.) Chreonoma weiser Heyden. Abhand. Senck. Naturf. Gesellschaft, xxiii, p. 577 (1897). Long. 8 mm. Hab. CELEBES, Donggala. This species is unknown to me; but since it is described as having the suture and two costz on the posterior part of the elytra, strongly raised, I have considerable doubt as to its being a true Chreonoma. It seems to be very like Astathes bipartita, Thoms., in coloration, and possibly belongs to that genus. Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 69 Genus PLAXOMICRUS. Plaxomicrus, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., i, p. 57 (1857). Placomicrus (Thoms.), in Cat. Gemm. and Harold. Head depressed between the antenniferous tubercles. Antenne sparsely ciliate, a little longer than the body in the male, shorter than the body in the female; first joint shorter than the third, asperate in front at the apex ; second joint longer than broad ; last joint more or less sharply pointed, but not glabrous at the apex. Prothorax slightly protuberant at the middle of each side, and with a central swelling or tubercle on the disc. Elytra more or less strongly dilated posteriorly, attaining their greatest breadth at about a third or fourth of their length from the apex ; broadly rounded at the apex. Intercoxal process of prosternum very narrow in the middle, and but slightly raised. Mesosternal process narrow and nearly flat, prolonged between the middle coxz for the greater part of their length. Middle tibiz bent inwards near the apex, very strongly in the male, less strongly in- the female. Tarsal claws appendiculate in both sexes. Type of the genus: Plaxomicrus ellipticus, Thoms. 1. Plaxomicrus ellipticus. (Plate IV, fig. 7.) Plaxonvcrus ellipticus, Thoms., Archiv. Ent., 1, p. 58 (iso7/) (¢ ). Yellowish-testaceous and nitid ; with the elytra almost entirely violaceous, the extreme basal and apical margins only being testaceous ; the last six or seven joints of the antenne deeply infuscate ; the tarsi, and the apices of the tibize shghtly infuscate. Head feebly and sparsely punctured, impressed with a median longitudinal line. Prothorax closely and rather strongly punctured over almost the whole upper surface : the anterior transverse groove straight and distinct across the middle as well as at the sides; the posterior groove bent back in the middle forming a boundary to the central tubercle. Elytra very strongly dilated behind, strongly but sparsely punctured in their anterior half, with the interstices finely and sparsely punctulate ; furnished above with sparsely scattered erect sete, and along the outer margins with a fringe of short sete. Underside rather thickly clothed with tawny sete. ¢. Antenne a little longer than the body. Middle tibie strongly bent inwards at about one-third from the apex ; first tarsal joint of the same legs with a long laminate process projecting in front of the second joint and equal in length to that joint. 70 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Q?. Antenne a little shorter than the body. Middle tibiz slightly incurved towards the apex. Last ventral segment impressed with a median line which widens into a shallow pit near the apex. Hab. SHANGHAI. Type (2) in coll. Oberthiir. ¢f and OV? ain: Brin Sivs: | 2. Plaxomicrus ventralis, sp. 0. d. Very similar in form and structure to P. ellipticus, Thoms., and closely resembling it also in coloration, but distinguishable as follows: Elytra entirely violaceous ; first four abdominal segments black ; tarsi, apices of the tibiz, and the whole outer face of the four front tibie, black. Head rather closely punctulate in front. Prothorax somewhat more thickly punctured than in P. ellipticus, especially on the centro-notal tubercle. Long. 13 mm.; lat. (ad basin elytrorum), 4°25 mm.; lat. max., 6 mm. Hab. Upper Tonkin, N.W. of Bao Lac (Dr. Battarel—in coll. Oberthiir). 3. Plaxomicrus latus, sp. n. 2. Yellowish-testaceous and nitid; with the elytra almost entirely violaceous, a small spot only at the extreme base of each adjoining the scutellum being, like the latter, testaceous ; the last seven joints of the antennze dark brown ; the tarsi, the apices and almost the whole of the outer face of the tibiz, black. Head feebly and sparsely punctured, impressed with a median line. Prothorax distinctly, but rather sparingly punctured ; the anterior transverse groove somewhat shallower and less distinct in the middle. Elytra strongly dilated behind, attaining their greatest breadth at about one-third from the apex; strongly but sparsely punctured on the anterior half, finely and sparsely punctulate over their whole surface ; furnished above with longer and shorter black sete, and along the lateral margins with a fringe of short black sete. Under- side sparsely clothed with tawny sete. Antenne reaching to the posterior third of the elytra. Middle tibize incurved towards the apex. Long. 12-13 mm.; lat. (ad basin elytrorum), 5 mm.; lat. max., 7°25 mm. Hab. BuuTAN, Maria Basti and Pedong. Type (@) in coll. Oberthiir. This species is very similar in coloration to P. ellipticus, but has a different form, the head, prothorax, and base of the elytra being relatively broader than in that species, Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 71 and the dilatation of the elytra behind not so great in proportion to the width of the anterior parts. It differs also in having the prothorax more sparsely punctured, and the anterior transverse groove shallower and less distinct in the middle. 4. Plaxomicrus oberthurt, sp. 0. 2. Pale testaceous-yellow, and nitid; with the elytra in their basal half, excepting a spot on each side of the scutellum, violaceous ; the last four or five joints of the antenne, the tarsi, and the outer faces of the tibize more or less deeply infuscate. Head very minutely punctulate, marked also with some larger sparsely scattered punctures both on the front and vertex. Prothorax slightly nitid, strongly and closely punctured on the centro-notal tubercle and in the transverse groove in front of it; the centro-notal tubercle slightly flattened on top. Elytra gradually and not strongly dilated behind ; sparsely punctured on the basal violaceous area; the hind margin of this area indented at the suture and also, but less strongly, at about the middle of the width of each elytron ; sete sparsely scattered above, aggregated at the lateral margins to form a short black fringe. Antenne reaching to the apical third of the elytra. Middle tibix very feebly curved. Last ventral segment impressed with a median line, flattened and scarcely depressed .in the middle before the apex. Long. 12 mm.; lat. ad basin elytrorum, 4 mm.; lat. max. 5°5 mm. Hab. Assam, Khasia Hills, 2000’. Type in coll. Oberthiir. This species, though having the elytra less dilated posteriorly, and the middle tibize but very slightly curved, agrees pretty closely in other points of structure with the typical forms of Plaxomicrus, and I have, therefore, placed it in this genus rather than in Chreonoma towards which it shows an approximation in general form. Genus LASIOPHRYS, gen. nov. ¢. Head very broad, flattened in front, widest between the lower lobes of the eyes, furnished with a short fringe of hairs just above the upper margin of each of these lobes; labrum short, broad, attached by an equally short and broad membranous epistome to the clypeal margin ; mandibles broad, flattened in front. Antenne a little longer than the body; first joint shorter than the third and fringed with short hairs underneath; last joint somewhat obtusely pointed, and not glabrous, at the apex. Prothorax with a slight protuberance at the middle of each side followed by a groove which extends upwards to, and widens out at, the side of a centro-notal hy4 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of elevation ; the latter somewhat oblong in form, limited behind by the narrow basal groove, and continued uninterruptedly to the anterior margin in front. Elytra about twice as long as their con- joint width at the base, slightly widened out posteriorly and broadly rounded at the apex. Sternal processes as in Chreonoma. Claws of tarsi strongly toothed at the base. 2. Head a little less broad, slightly convex in front, and without a fringe over the lower lobe of each eye; mandibles narrower, and slightly convex in front. Antenne shorter than the body, and with- out a fringe under the first joint. Last ventral segment longer, impressed with a line along the middle, and a shallow pit near the apex. Lasiophrys latifrons, sp.u. (Plate IV, fig. 10.) ¢. Head and prothorax yellowish- or reddish-testaceous in colour, with the apex and inner edge of the mandibles black ; basal half of elytra black, the rest yellowish ; antennz testaceous, with the last four or five joints dark brown ; body underneath yellowish-testaceous, with the meta-thorax, especially at the sides, more or less reddish- brown ; legs black, with all the coxee, and the anterior face of the front femora, testaceous. Head widened upwards from the base to the lower lobes of the eyes, and as wide there as the elytra in their widest part, sparsely punctured with rather small unequal-sized punctures, marked with a dark longitudinal line, which becomes slightly raised, forming a short carina, on the crown ; antenniferous tubercles feebly raised, with the broad front between them slightly concave ; mandibles rugosely punctured in front except at the edges. Prothorax strongly and rather thickly punctured on the centro-notal elevation. Elytra sparsely punctured. Q. Antenne reaching to the apical third of the elytra; last ventral segment with an impressed line along the middle. Long. 16-18, lat. 6 mm. Hab. BHUTAN, Maria Basti. (In coll. Oberthiir, and in Brit. Mus.) Genus MomiIsIs. Momisis, Pase., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) ui, p. 361 (1867). Type. Jf. zgrota, Pasc., |. ¢., p. 362, pl. xvi, fig. 4. This genus was founded for a single species represented only by one female specimen. The male of the same, or a very closely allied, species has been described by Ritsema under the name of Bacchisa nigriventris (Notes), Leyden Astathes and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. 73 Mus, iii, p. 7). Though Mr. Ritsema subsequently pointed out (I. c. p. 82) that his species was founded upon the male sex of Momisis xgrota, he seems still later to have altered his opinion in regard to the identity of the two species, for in a list published in the ‘Notes,’ vol. x, p. 253, he gives them as being distinct, referring both, as well as two other species described by him, to the genus Bacchisa. Bacchisa coronata, Pasc.—the type of Bacchisa—is, how- ever, distinguished from all these species by characters which seem to me to be of more than specific importance, and I, therefore, retain Momisis as a distinct genus. The two genera agree in general form, in sternal characters, and in the fact that the male is furnished with tufts of hairs on the sides and vertex of the head; but they are distinguishable as follows : Scape of the antenne scarcely reaching to the middle of the prothorax, much shorter than the third joint ; tarsal claws very feebly or not at all appendiculate at the base.—Baccuisa, Pasc. Scape of the antenne reaching beyond the base of the prothorax, almost, or quite, as long as the second and third joints together ; tarsal claws distinctly appendiculate in both sexes.—Momis!s, Pasc. Momisis melanura, sp.n. (Plate IV, fig. 11.) d. Testaceous, with the antenne, the apical sixth of the elytra, the abdomen and tarsi black. Head with a long tuft of tawny hairs on the vertex between the antenne, another on each side placed obliquely between the lower lobe of the eye and the antennary tuber, and one smaller in front of each of the antennary tubers; lower part of the front with a concave shovel-like process, which projects downwards in front of the mandibles ; upper part of front with a sharp median ridge which is more strongly raised at its upper (or posterior) end. Prothorax nearly parallel-sided, slightly narrowed towards the base, clothed with a faint tawny pubescence, and without tubercle or elevation on the disc. Elytra rather thickly punctured, the punctures being tolerably large from the base to the middle, and becoming gradually smaller and less distinct posteriorly ; clothed with tawny pubescence and erect tawny setze on the testaceous part, with black pubescence and setze on the apical black area. Antenne twice as long as the body ; the first joint nearly equal in length to the second and third together, fringed with long tawny hairs on anterior side near the base, with shorter black hairs on both sides for the greater part of its length ; third joint with long hairs on posterior 74 Mr. Charles J. Gahan’s Revision of Astathes, ete. side. Metasternum slightly black along the outer margins ; middle and hind tibia: somewhat blackish at apex. Long. 105, lat. 3 mm. Hab. NORTH QUEENSLAND, Bellenden Ker (B. G. Rye). Type ¢ in Brit. Mus. This species is distinguished from the other species of Momisis by the much greater length of the male antenne, these organs being twice as long as the body, whereas in M. wigrweniris, Rits., they are very little more than half as long again as the body, and in JL. stngularis, Rits., are only equal to the body in length. EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV. Fig. 1. Astathes posticata, sp. n. 2. " bella, sp. 0. 3 ry perversa, sp. 1. 4, ae fulgida, Fab. 5. ai nitens, Fab. 6. =F cincla, sp. 1. 7. Plaxomicrus ellipticus, Thoms, ¢. 8. Chreonoma comata, sp. n, ¢. 9, Anastathes biplagiata, sp. n., 2. 10. Lasiophrys latifrous, sp. n., ¢. 11. Momisis melamura, sp. n., 4. a “I Or 7 IV. Butterflies of the Lebanon. By Mary DE LA BECHE NicHou., F.ES., with a Preface and Notes by Henry Joun Ewes, F.RS, F.LS., ete. [Read November 21st, 1900.] [Mrs. NicHoLi has asked me to examine the butterflies which she collected in Syria, and to make some remarks on them. I have done this very imperfectly, because the Syrian butterflies are worse represented in my collection than those from most parts of the Palearctic region, and indeed seem to be less known. Except the species which have been collected by Zach near Beyrout, and those which Mr. Leech procured through a- native collector, ten or twelve years ago, from North Syria, no list or account of which has been published, few Syrian butterflies have reached England. Consul] Paulus of Jerusalem has printed privately a list of Palestine Lepidoptera, and Freiherr von Kalchberg has in Iris X, p. 161, published a list of Lepidoptera from Haifa ; but no one apparently had made a systematic attempt at collecting in the higher parts of the Lebanon until Mrs. Nicholl went there. I have received a small collection, sent by Prof. Day of Beyrout, to Miss Sharpe, which contains several species that Mrs. Nicholl did not find, and I have no doubt that there are more to be discovered in the higher northern parts of the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon. Dr. Staudinger has described briefly in the new edition of his catalogne several varieties from Syria and the Lebanon, but J do not know from whom they were procured, and a much larger series than I possess is necessary to enable me to identify some of the Lycenidze found by Mrs. Nicholl as certainly as I should wish. The following notes must be considered therefore as provisional only, and if Iam able to carry out my intention of visiting the Lebanon this year, I shall hope to make a complete list of the Syrian butterflies later—H. J. ELwes.] VerRY little is known of the butterflies of Syria. A catalogue exists of Lepidoptera taken by the German Consul, near Jerusalem ; and another, printed by Lederer, enumerates the Lepidoptera taken by Franz Zach fifty TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 76 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on years ago, this collector however seems to have confined his researches to the coast and immediate neighbourhood of Beyrout. The ranges of Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon have been practically unknown to European collectors, so I determined to spend May and June in the district. I had hoped for the advantage of Mr. Elwes’ companionship, but a sudden outbreak of plague at Port Said interfered so seriously with his journey to Beyrout, and quarantine regulations made travelling so difficult, that he was com- pelled to give up the expedition, which would probably have produced a far more complete collection had I had the advantage of his assistance. J have given the heights of the principal peaks of both the Lebanon and the Anti- Lebanon. I ascended all the southern summits of any note, but time failed me for the highest, the most northerly, and the most interesting—Dahr el Khotib, 9500 feet, at the northern end of the range of Lebanon. The two ranges run exactly parallel to each other, in a northerly and southerly direction, and are divided by the high and fertile plain of the Bekdéa; which is from ten to fifteen miles in width, and forms the watershed of the rivers Orontes and Litany. Seen from the Bekaa, the two mountain chains resemble one another most curiously, rising gradually from the plain in long stony ridges, seamed with steep gullies, generally running east and west down to the Bekda. These gullies are still filled with snow at the higher elevations in May and early June, giving a peculiar striped appearance to both Hermon and the high Lebanon peaks. Neither range falls precipitously towards the Bekaa, and the lower foothills are often chalk, the higher mountains are limestone, with some kind of red sandstone formation cropping up in many places. ‘The limestone ridges are terribly dry, except where the elevation is sufficient to ensure snow-fed streams during most of the year, but the red sandstone valleys are well watered and fertile. The western face of Lebanon presents a striking contrast to the eastern, the mountains fall very steeply from an elevation of from 5000—9500 feet to the sea-level, and the streams cut their way through precipitous and almost inaccessible gorges downwards. This steep western face of the range is favoured with much more rain, mist, and wind than falls to the share of the eastern side ; grass, shrubs and trees flourish (but the latter are generally cut down before they attain any size). Butterflies of the Lebanon. Pi Notwithstanding these advantages, I believe there are more butterflies to be had on the barren inland slopes than in the wind-swept gorges of the western side. Insects do not thrive in the salt gales and mists that drift perpetually up to Dahr el Khotib and Djebel Sunnin, and except on the hot sea-coast where some of the tenderer butterflies occur, | think more variety is to be obtained further eastwards. Of the northern part of the Lebanon I am unable to speak. It certainly differs considerably from the southern districts, and Dahr el Khotib produces at least one definitely alpine butterfly, Pieris callidice, which was taken on its summit by Prof. Day in July, and which I failed to find on Hermon, June 8th, and on Djebel Sunnin on June 19th. I arrived at Beyrout April 28th, and received much kindness and hospitality from our Consul-General and Mrs. Drummond Hay. The Consul put me in charge of an excellent dragoman, who attended to all my wants and wishes during my travels, so that I never had the smallest difficulty in carrying out my plans. I also had the great good fortune to make acquaintance with Prof. and Mrs. Day (of the American College at Beyrout), and received much assistance and information from them. They are both Lepidopterists, and have a very interesting local collection of insects taken near Beyrout, and also a good many species from the Lebanon. But college work detains the Professor in Beyrout till mid July, so that they can do nothing in the mountains during the early summer. I found that I was too late for D. apollinus, H. damone, and #. belemia, all of which are common along the coast. They do not appear to go high up into the mountains, as I entirely failed to get any. After making several excursions round Beyrout, along the fertile irrigated strip between the mountains and the sea, to Dog River glen, and to Brummana,—a summer resort about 3000 feet above the sea, and too near it to be good for insects,—I took train for Damascus on May 6th in very cold wet weather, which lasted tiil the 10th. Returning to Beyrout, I halted for a day at Zebedani (on the railway), and Blouden in the Anti-Lebanon. The latter is a mountain village and health resort, 4500 feet high, beautifully situated on the flank of Djebel Chekif. I found this a good place for butterflies, and returned here 78 Mary de la. Beche Nicholl on later. On both occasions I took species which I did not meet with elsewhere. I then went to Beit Chabab, a Lebanon village, where my dragoman lived, and thence we started with tents on May 17th, and crossed the main ridge of Lebanon to Zableh by a pass between Dyebel Sunnin and Djebel Keneysseh. On the eastern slope of Djebel Keneysseh I took a good many interesting butterflies, all of which, however, I met with later. Weather continued very cold and windy, but it improved as we worked our way slowly northwards, along the foothills on the eastern face of Lebanon. We were several days reaching Ain Aata, a well-known halting place on the direct track from Baalbek to the Cedars. I[ made many interesting captures on this route, of which the most remarkable were #. charlonia, Th. myrtale, C. asabinus, CO. ochimus, and C. thersamon, var. omphale, Lycena semiargus, var. Antiochena and var. Bellis, L. anteros, vay, crassipuncta, and L. isawrica. From Ain Aata I rode to the Cedars, across the high main ridge of Lebanon, return- ing same day (May 27th). There was still much snow on the pass, and no butterflies out above 5000 feet, so I resolved to give up the higher Lebanon for the present, and to try the lower range of the Anti-Lebanon and Hermon. Near Baalbek, in cornfields on chalk hills, I took the first specimens of an unknown Lycxna with orange spots on the upper side of the hind-wings. This insect frequents chalk, as all my specimens well marked with orange on the upper side were taken in cornfields on the chalk. Here, too, I got a specimen of L. loewtt. ; From Baalbek I crossed a very wild, mountainous district, where butterflies were abundant, to the old Roman road leading southwards to Damascus. This we followed to Zebedani and Blouden, and I went up Djebel Chekif, 7000 feet high, where I found a good deal of snow (it was the first week of June), and no butterflies except P. megera and Vanessa urticx, var. turcica. But Blouden and Zebedani again proved good collecting ground, and here I caught V. polychloros, Par. roxclana, and L. theophrastus, none of which I ever saw elsewhere. We then turned southwards to Hermon, and rode for several days across low rocky limestone mountains, quite treeless and much overgrazed, but cultivated more or less in the hollows. I took a good many butterflies on this route, of which Sat. pelopea and Sat. actea, var. hadjina, were the most remarkable. The Butterflies of the Lebanon. 79 former is common, but the latter I never met with except on the flanks of Hermon, rather high up. We now had a sirocco, which blew for five days, and was most exhaust- ing to man and beast; even the butterflies were lazy, and would not fly freely. I did not get many new species along these western valleys of Hermon. Most of the mountain was limestone, but in some places we came across the red sandstone, with well-watered valleys and oleanders in full bloom along the streams. In these favoured spots I found Cigaritis acamas flying Im some numbers, but all in very bad order. I failed to get any perfect specimen. The ascent of Hermon (8750 feet) on June 7th was dis- appointing from an entomological point of view; only a few very common insects were to be found on the broad, stony plateau which forms the summit, and the gullies on the way up and down were hardly remunerative. Many of them were full of snow. JZ. tsawrica was the most interesting insect [ took, and there were very few butter- flies of any kind to be had. I saw several P. mnemosyne, in bad order. The heat was now so intolerable that I returned across the Bekaa to the Lebanon, where I found cloud and cold sea breezes again. We encamped for several days at a very nice place called Khan Sunnin, situated on the western slope of Djebel Sunnin, about 6000 feet above the sea. This is good butterfly ground, asthe grazing is reserved for cattle and horses, and no sheep and goats allowed till late in the year, over a con- siderable tract of mountain, but here I again came in for much wind and cold sea-fog, which did not favour collecting, I went up Djebel Sunnin (8800) June 18th in brilliant weather, and again found the butterflies on the summit disappointing ; there was nothing new to be had though I took a good many insects of various kinds about 1500 feet lower down, From Khan Sunnin we went two days’ journey northwards to Afka, riding across a_ beautiful mountain country, but all terribly overgrazed. For hours I scarcely saw a flower or a fresh green leaf, or a butterfly. Only the cornfields, generally ill cultivated and full of weeds, afford a haven for the insects. A field of green corn will generally produce something of interest to the collector, and no one ever seems to object to a chase in the corn so long as it remains green. The only places where many species of butterfly can be looked for after the end of May, are those tracts of mountain where the grazing is 80 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on reserved for the cattle, and for late summer, and if you have a good dragoman, he will find out from the country people where such spots are to be found, and encamp there ; when a good bag is easily and speedily made. Near Afka we again encamped in such an oasis, and I had two good days collecting, June 20th and 21st, my last in Syria. Here I took P. ergane, the only specimens I got in this country. On the 22nd of June I had to ride to Beyrout in order to catch the direct steamer for Europe, such steamers being few and far between during quarantine. I much regret that I did not revisit the Cedars and explore the Dahr el Khotib district, but the northern Lebanon is too cold for butterflies before June 20th, the sheep do not go up to the highest pastures till June 15th or 18th, and as I was obliged to leave Syria a full week sooner than I had intended, Dahr el Khotib had to be given up. 1. Papilio podalirvus. At Brummana and around Beyrout, not very common. 2. P. machaon. At Brummana and near Beyrout, not common. All I took were damaged. 3. Doritis apollonia. (Abundant at Ain Zohatta early in April, but not seen by Mrs. Nicholl. Most of the specimens have the blackish border on the hind-wing more developed than in the Asia Minor form, and thus come near the var. bellargus, Stgr., but are not so dark as those from Antioch.—H. J. E.) 4, P. mnemosyne. Lebanon, Djebel Keneysseh, and Hermon, not very common anywhere, about 4000 feet. (The specimens have the spots of the cell small, and the black mner margin narrower than in any others I have seen.— H. J. E) 5. P. apollo. | (Not found by Mrs. Nicholl, but a large form most like var. stbirica, Nordm., was sent to Mr. Leech from North Syria.— H. J. E.) Butterflies of the Lebanon. 81 6. Thais cerisyt. Zebedani, Jedideh near Damascus, Brummana, April and May,common. At Khan Sufi, in mid June, and 6000 feet, common. I found the larva of a Zhais of some sort, nearly full fed, feeding on the aristolochia in great numbers. It sheltered between two leaves, which it spun together during the hottest sunshine. I tried to rear some, but entirely failed in getting any to go into chrysalis before I left Syria. (Seems widely distributed in Syria, both on the coast, where it is found in April, and at Damascus, and in the Anti-Lebanon, where Mrs. Nicholl took itin May. I have also specimens from North Syria, Aintab and Malatia, which are catalogued by Staudinger as var. deyrollet, Ob., which he distinguishes as “tricaudata.” None of these, however, are more strikingly tricaudate than my specimens from the Balkans, which are typical cerisyi, or than those from Broussa and Greece. I therefgre am inclined to look upon the name of Deyrollet as useless.—H. J. 1.) 7. G. rhamna, var. farinosa. Common among the foothills on the eastern side of Lebanon, and in the valleys of Hermon. I also took it at Atfka, on the west side of Lebanon, flying with G. cleopatra, var. antonia. (This species seems constantly distinct from rhamni, though not easy to distinguish, except by the scales of the fore-wings, which, according to Petens, Berlin Knt. Society, 1885, p. 165, are distinct in the two sexes. Cf. Stgr. in Hor. Ent. Ross., xiv., 1899, p. 5G (Gn separata). I have specimens from Greece, Asia Minor, and Turkestan, which agree with one from Hermon in the male being of a paler colour, especially on the underside, than rhamnz. Both species occur in Greece, and at Amasia, vide Staudinger.—H. J. I.) } 8. G. cleopatra, var. taurica (Stgr.), antonia, Butl. Ann. Mag., 1885, p. 408. Common in the western valleys of Lebanon. (Speci- mens from Beyrout and Damascus and Galilee belong to this form, and agree with males from the Taurus in having the fore-wing of the male paler than in typical cleopatra. My nine specimens, however, do not average larger than the type, as Stgr. says, and I cannot TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 6 82 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on distinguish the females from those of the typical form.— H. J. E.) 9. Aporia crategt. Common all through the eastern side of Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon at 3000 feet and upwards. But has not been taken by me on the western side of Lebanon, and is probably an insect which dislikes sea air. 10. Colias edusa. Common everywhere. (Taken on Hermon and the Lebanon at 5000 feet, and higher by Mrs. Nicholl. C. awrorina, var. libanotica, This species must be found either later in the season, or further north than Mrs. Nicholl travelled, and does not seem to have been found by any recent collector.—H. J. E.) ll. C. edusa, var. helice. Not uncommon. 12. Preris callidiee. (Not taken by Mrs. Nicholl. A pair taken on the top of the Cedar Mountains (Dahr el Khotib) on August 18th, by Prot. Day, are perhaps referable to the var. chrysidice, H.S., from Asia Minor, and the Caucasus, but the distinctive characters mentioned by Stgr. both for this, and for the var. orientalis, are inconstant, and I cannot judge of it properly from two specimens.—H. J. E.) 13. P. brassice. Common in gardens. (Specimens taken by Dr. Day at Beyrout, in August, are neither larger, nor have they larger spots, as in the supposed var. catoleuca ober, which Staudinger catalogues from Asia Minor, and Syria, as “var. (gen. vst ?).” They have, however, the underside whiter than in any specimens in my collection, and almost entirely free from black scales. It is remarkable that the hot climate of Beyrout has not affected the coloration of this species in at all the same way as in the Canary Islands.—H. J. E.) 14. P. rape. Common in gardens, and on the mountains. (Taken at Beyrout by Dr. Day in May.—H. J. E.) Butterflies of the Lebanon. 83 15. P. napr. One bad specimen only at Zebedani, early in May. (Belongs to the first generation—H. J. E.) 16. P. daplidice. Universally common. (Var. raphani (Esp.), one speci- men from Djebel Sunnin.—H. J. E.) iia ke. ergane. Two specimens near Afka, June 21st. Probably not uncommon there, second brood would be just coming out at that date. (This species has not, I believe, been recorded from Syria.—H. J. E.) 18. Huchloe belemra. (Taken by Mrs. Day at Sidon in April, but not by Mrs. Nicholl.—H. J. E.) 19. EH. belia, Not uncommon along the coast, but scarce inland. I took it only at Zebedani and near Damascus, May. 20. L. charlonia (Donz), var. penia (Freyer). Not common, but widely distributed in the Anti-Lebanon and inland districts. I saw none on the west side of Lebanon. I took four specimens, viz. two at Bluden, one near Chemoustar, east side of Lebanon, in May, and one in June, about 5000 feet up; on a foothill of Hermon I saw about four others, in various places. (A specimen taken at Ain Zohatta in April, by Mrs. Day, and others taken by Mrs. Nicholl are paler than the var. mesopotamica, Ster., from Malatia, which he catalogues as a summer form, but not so pale as the var. transcaspica (Staud.), and must be referred to the form Penia (Freyer), which Stgr. catalogues from Pontus and Kurdistan as a spring form, which the dates of capture show to be the case in Syria. The discoidal spot of the underside below is pale, as in mesopotamica and L. tomyris, not dark, as in transcaspica, lucilla and charlonia.—H. J. E.) 21, HL. damone. (Taken by Mrs. Day at Ain Zohatta, April 8th. Not seen by Mrs. Nicholl.—H. J. E.) 84 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on 22. H. gruners. (Received by Mr. Leech from Sharderesy in North Syria, not taken by Mrs. Day or Mrs. Nicholl.—H. J. E.) 23. #. cardamines. ‘One female taken at Brummana in April. I saw several males, and neglected them. It is, I believe, a common coast insect. [ never saw any inland; but in June, on Djebel Sunnin, about 6000 feet, I saw three fine males, which I failed to catch. (A pair taken at Dauniv (near Beyrout), by Mrs. Day belong to the var. Phenissa (Kalchberg), Iris, x, p. 163, in which the orange of the fore-wing does not go beyond the discoidal black spot, as in ab. 7urritis, and the underside of the hind-wing is less marked with green and yellow scales. This form seems fairly constant in Syria.—H. J. EH.) 24, DL. sinapis. Generally common. — 25. L. duponchels. Blouden, Ain Aata, Afka, Jedideh, near Damascus, not uncommon. (Fresh specimens of the first brood seem yellower than any others in my collection.—H. J. E.) 26. L. camilla, Common along the coast. Also in the valleys of Hermon. 27. Pyrameis atalanta. Brummana, April, common along the coast. (Speci- mens were raised from larvae found by Mrs. Day at Afka, July 23rd, exactly like those taken in Europe.—H. J. E.) 28. P. cardwu. Common. 29. V. wrtica, var. turcica. Ain Aata, Djebel Chekif (above Blouden), top of Hermon, top of Djebel Sunnin. Common on all high mountains, and replaces type, which I never saw in Syria. 30. V. polychloros. Zebedani only, early June. Butterflies of the Lebanon. 85 31. Polygonia egea. Brummana, Common along the coast, April. (Speci- mens taken at Afka by Mrs. Day, August 4th, belong to the summer brood, J. Album ; those taken by Mrs. Nicholl are of the spring brood.—H. J. E.) 32. Melitxa didyma. Common everywhere. (The specimens vary extremely, and there is much difference in size and colour between the sexes ; they resemble the var. persea (Koll.), which has a wide distribution in Western Asia, and is typically small, and the males little spotted.—H. J. E.) 33. M. phoebe. Common everywhere, always small, and a pale var. often met with. (The specimens are most like the Algerian var. punica (Obth.), but the bands of hind-wing below not so pale.—H. J. E.) 34, H. trivia. Generally common, 3000—5000 feet, Hermon, Lebanon, Brummana. Specimens all small. (The specimens are not so small as the European var. xana, but resemble most the form from Turkestan, Catapelia (Stgr.).—H. J. E.) 35. I. cinvia. Notcommon. Above Blouden, about 5500 feet, very small and pale, with spots on the margin of hind-wing almost obliterated. Also on Djebel Keneysseh about 4500 feet. May. (Some of Mrs. Nicholl’s specimens are identical with those taken on Demavend, North Persia; which Gium-Grshimailo called var. amardea, of which Staud- inger says, “viz nominanda.” That is true, but it applies with equal truth to a large proportion of the varieties of Melitea, which he and others have named.—H. J. E.) 36. Argynnis lathonia. Common. 37. A. pandora. Blouden, Hermon Valleys, Lebanon. Not uncommon. 38. A. niobe, var. eris, Very common on all the higher mountains, but not 86 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on taken below 4000 feet. Specimens all small, and rather tinged with green underneath. 39. D. chrysippus. Common along the irrigated strip of fertile land along the coast from Beyrout to Dog River. I saw it every time I passed that way, from end of April to June 22nd. 40. MM, trtea. Common all along the coast and along the west slope of Lebanon as high as Afka. I took it end of April at the mouth of Dog River, and then saw it no more till I returned to the western face of the Lebanon in June. Very common near Afka, which is the head water of Dog River in June. 41, MW, larissa. Very common in May and June in all the inland districts. I never took it on the western face of Lebanon. (M. titea, var. titania, Calb. Iris, iv, 1891, p. 41; Rom. Mem. vi, p. 15. Judging from the numerous specimens taken by Mrs. Nicholl, these have as much right to be considered distinct species as several other nearly allied Melanargias, M. titania, which Mrs. Nicholl mistook for Jarissa, has not, as far as I know, been recognised in Syria, but agrees with my specimens from Aintab, and with the plate in Romanoff’s Memoirs, and seems constant. It is easily distinguished from the coast form titea by the much narrower black border on both wings above, and by the well-marked marginal spots, which are reduced to roundish dots in ¢itea.—H. J. E.) 42. Satyrus hermione, L. One specimen in May in a mulberry garden on Lebanon ; it 1s very common along the coast, later. (Two females taken by Mrs. Day at Kl Frat on October 10th do not show the character by which Staudinger distinguishes his var. syriaca, which is said to have the hind-wings below more unicolorous than type.—H. J. E.) 43, S. telephassa, Universally common, May and June. 44, S. authe. Universally common, June. Butterfltes of the Lebanon. 87 45. S. pelopea. Not quite so common, mid June. 46. S. semele, var. mersina. Common on Lebanon in June. 47. S. actea, var. hadjina. Only on the higher foothills of Hermon, June. (Var. hadjina, Heyne-Ruhl. The specimens brought by Mrs. Nicholl seem to come nearest to this form, from Armenia, but have only one ocel/ws on the fore-wing below—which, if constant, might serve to separate them. There are, however, already too many named forms of this species, which do not seem very constant.—H. J. E.) 48, Yphthima asterope. Very common near the coast. I never took any in the mountains. 49, Hpinephele jurtina, Linn. (Janira), var. (2 bona sp.), telmessia, Zell. Very common everywhere, and has a curious habit of sitting on the bare earth which Janzra never does. April, May, and June. (This appears to me, as it did to Staud- inger in 1879, though he now treats it as a var. of jurtina, to be a good species. Lederer, however, as quoted by Staudinger, says that there are intermediate forms. All my numerous males from Syria, Armenia, and the Taurus seem distinct from jwrtina in size, colour, and shape, and in the different form of the sexual brand. The females are not so distinct, but as Staudinger says that both ¢elmessia and jurtina are found in Anatolia and Cyprus, this is an additional reason for treating it as a species.—H. J. E.) 50. LH. lycaon. Common. Hermon and Lebanon, 3000—5000 feet, June. (This should be a form which has been described by Staudinger as follows—“ var. Libanotica, magnitudine Lycaonis, multo pallidior, 2 al. ant. fere totis pallrde ochracers al. post. (f et-2) subtus albido-grisers.” I have a specimen from Staudinger from the Lebanon, so named, which conforms to the description, but one from Afka taken by 88 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on Mrs. Day, in August, is much larger and darker, and three of Mrs. Nicholl’s from Hermon are as dark on both surfaces as any in my collection. This variety therefore is clearly not constant enough to be named.—H. J. E.) 51. Pararge roxclana. Two specimens only. Zebedani, June. I saw no more. 52, P. egeria. Not common. Dog River, Afka, Damascus, May and June. (A pair from Afka, taken by Mrs. Day, m September, and a female from Damascus, in May, are of the southern form. ‘Those I took at Patras, in Greece, in May, are intermediate; those from South Russia, Podolhia and the Caucasus, being of the paler form egerides, which as a rule is fairly distinct. Thus it cannot be called a “forma septentrionale,” though it occurs as far north as St. Peters- burgh.—H. J. E.) 58. Pararge mera, vay. Lebanon. Common. (The form found in Syria is separ- ated by Ster. as “ var. orientalis, differt. a var. Adrasta colore castaneo, in g etiam. al. ant. cellula med. castaneo vaspersa.” Besides Mrs. Nicholl’s specimens, I have others from Beyrout and North Syria, which agree fairly, but which differ so little in either sex from German specimens taken by myself at Kreuznach in June, that I would hardly like to say that I could distinguish individuals among them, though I could tell the habitat from a series. Var. Adrasta 1s supposed to be a summer brcod, but the seasonal differences are not at all definite in my large series from many localities, which vary extremely.—H., J. E.) 54, P. megera. Very common everywhere above 4000 feet; swarms on all the highest summits in May and June. 55. Cenonympha pamphilus, Common everywhere. I did not take var. lyllws, which probably occurs later. (Mrs. Day sent a pair of very worn specimens of lyllus,—H. J. E.) 56. Thecla spine. Common at low elevations, Dog River, foothills of — Butterflies of the Lebanon. 89 Lebanon, and Hermon, Afka. Var. A/elantho replaces type, or nearly so, on the higher mountains, common on Lebanon and Hermon. (From Mrs. Nicholl’s specimens I cannot distinguish two forms of this species, “subtus pallidior, longius caudata,’ which is Stegr.’s definition of melantho ; does not seem to be a well-marked character in those taken at higher elevations, or in those that I had before from Beyrout.—H. J. E.) Be, Phy iticts. Not very common. Hermon and Lebanon Valleys. Var. caudatula occurs with type. Not uncommon. (All ny specimens from Asia Minor and Syria seem to have somewhat longer tails than those from Germany, Bulgaria, and Greece, but the difference is triflng.—H. J. E.) 58. Th. acacix, var. abdominalis, (Specimens taken on the Lebanon and at Hassan Niha by Mrs. Nicholl belong to this form, the differences of which “subtus pallidior al. ant. angulo analt plaga fusca,” seem trifling and inconstant.—H. J. E.) 59, Th. rubt. Lebanon and Hermon ranges. Common at 6000 feet, May and June. (A specimen from Blouden, like one I have from North Syria, agrees with the var. swa veola from Turkestan described by Ster. as “major, subtus pallidior al. post. acaudatis.”” I have no Turkestan specimens for comparison, and as there were none in the Grum-Grshi- mailo collection, I suppose it is rare there. A pair from North Persia, taken by Christoph, are much like this, but one taken by Mrs. Nicholl at the Cedars of Lebanon is like the common form.—H. J. E.) 60. Th. myrtale. Common on all the higher mountains, 4000—6000 feet, May and June. (This has, since Klug described it in 1832, remained one of the least known butterflies of our fauna, and I am not aware that any specimens have since been obtained until Mrs. Nicholl found it. It is a distinct species of a plain grey colour above, and the tail is very short and inconspicuous, or wholly absent. Below, it is erey, with a faintly marked band of white spots across the 90 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on hind-wing below, sometimes extending to the fore-wing, and often obsolete. At the anal angle are two, sometimes three, faintly marked yellow spots, with a black dot on the inner edge.—H. J. E.) 61. C. ochimus. Not uncommon. Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, 3000— 4000 feet, end of May. 62. C. thetis. (A male taken by Prof. Day, August 8th, at the Cedars of Lebanon. This species does not seem to have been found in Syria since Klug’s time. It has no indication of a tail, as in var. cwudatus, Steger. Mrs. Nicholl did not meet with this species.—H. J. E.) 63. C. thersamon, and var. omphale, Klug. Common everywhere: coast in April, mountains, May and June. (The specimens taken by Mrs. Nicholl in May and June have little or no tail in the male, and a short one in the 2 sex. Those taken at Beyrout in September have tails of considerable length, showing that this is, as Stgr. says, a summer or rather autumn brood. Podolian speciméns in Grum’s collection show the same difference. —H. J. E.) 64. C. asabinus. Not uncommon east side of Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, May and June. 65. C. phleas. Not very abundant, but generally distributed. 66. C. dorilis. Rare, only a few taken on Lebanon, 4000—5000 feet, May. (A ¢ specimen was taken by Prof. Day at the Cedars in August.—H. J. E.) | 67. Cigaritis acamas, Not uncommon in valleys near Hermon, June, 4000 feet. Taken abundantly later in summer in the Lebanon. (Taken at Beyrout by Prof. Day, September 4th.— H. J. E.) Butterflies of the Lebanon. OF 68. Lampides betiea. Common in the Lebanon, 2000—6000 feet, April to June. 69. L. gamra. Not common. I took very few, and mostly bad speci- mens, on the coast near Beyrout, April. 70. LZ. galba, Led. ? (Mrs. Nicholl did not take this species. Prof. Day sends a pair of what has stood for many years in my col- lection, and is generally called galba, Led., but which, on referring to Lederer’s plate in Zool. Bot. Verein. Wein., 1855, t. 1, fig. 4, 1s clearly not the insect figured by him. He says of it “above hardly difters from /ysimon,” and this is the case with the so-called galba also, which so nearly agrees with lysimon taken by myself at Biskra in Algeria, and at Ismailia in Egypt, that I cannot distinguish it. On the underside, however, the figure of galba is very unlike lysimon, and exactly lke the type of L. phiala, Gr.-Gr., from Khabadian in Bokhara, of which I also have a specimen sent me from Mergab in §.-E. Armenia by Dr. Staudinger as phiala. The males of this are paler on the upperside than the so-called galba, and much paler than Lederer’s figure. Until, however, I am able to see the Lederer types, which I believe are now in the Staud- inger collection, [ must remain doubtful as to what to call the lysimon like species which has hitherto passed for galba. Lederer says that he only got eight specimens, which were taken by Zach in company with Lysimon in clover fields. I may add that the true /ysimon of Hiibner, which Ster. gives as from the south of France, Andalusia, Algeria, the Canaries, Asia Minor, India, and Africa, but not from Syria, is put by him in the genus lycewna, and is very close to the Indian lycena, Sangra, Moore and Indica, Murray. My specimens from the Canaries and Granada have the spots below much less distinct than in the Syrian insect.—H. J. E.) 71. L. trochylus, Common on limestone rocks, from sea-level to 5000 feet. April to June. 92 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on 72. L. theophrastus, A single specimen Zebedani, May. (A single specimen from Blouden, taken by Prof. Day, is, I believe, this species, which Lederer records from Beyrout (taken by Zach); balkanica, however, is so close that I do not know how to distinguish them certainly.—H. J. E.) 73. Lycena argus, and var. bella, H.S. Common above Afka in June. All the specimens very small. (Two males from Afka seem to come nearest to this form.-——H. J. E.) Th. DL. loewit. One at Baalbek, May 31st, and one in the Anti-Lebanon, 4000 feet. 75. L. astrarche. Common above 4000 feet, Lebanon, Anti-Lebanon, and Hermon. 76. L. panagea. Rare. Hermon and east face of Lebanon, 4500 feet, May and June. 77. L. anteros, var. crassipuncta, Christoph. Common from 8000—6000 feet, Lebanon, Anti-Lebanon, Hermon. (Though the types of this well-marked variety from Kasikoparan in Armenia was not in Christoph’s collection, it has been identified with it by Mr. Banghaas. All the males taken by Mrs. Nicholl are perfectly alike, and very different from those found in Bulgaria and Asia Minor. This variety, however, seems to occur only locally, as a specimen from Shah-deresey, North Syria, is inter- mediate in colour, and those from Borjom in Armenia in the Christoph collection are typical. The female has, like those of ewrypilus, broad orange red bands on both wings above.—H. J. E.) 78. L. isaurica, Ster. Common all through the Lebanon range from 4000— 5000 feet, May and June. (Among the specimens which Mrs. Nicholl identifies with this, were three of which I was doubtful, and sent to Dresden. Mr. Banghaas returns Butterflies of the Lebanon. 93 them as follows—“ Jsaurica f,” and “certainly f and 2 of one species which I do not know.” Jsawrica is labelled Ain Haour, and the other two from Afka and Hassan Niha resemble candalus very much, but are of a somewhat different shade of blue above.—H. J. E.) 79. L. candalus, H.S. ? (Besides these are several males, some very small, from the Cedars of Lebanon, taken by Mrs. Day, in August, which might be candalus or eros, which latter occurs in the Caucasus. As, however, there are no females, I cannot be certain what they are, and must leave the identification of them till I have more material_—H. J. E.) 80. ZL. amanda. Very common. Hermon, Anti-Lebanon, and Lebanon, 3000 — 6000 feet. (Two females in bad condition, from the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, are blue with a dark ° broad costal and apical border, and a marginal row of orange red spots, which give them a very peculiar and brilliant appearance. There is nothing hke them in my collection, though three females from Sweden are all blue with black marginal spots on the hind-wing above.— H. J. E.) 81. L. poseidon, H.S. (I am inclined to refer specimens taken at Cedars of Lebanon in August, by Prof. Day, to this species, though Staudinger doubtfully refers what I suppose to be the same insect to a var. of damone, Ev. He admits no less than twelve named forms of this very difficult species, which I have studied very carefully, and in which my series 1s extremely rich ; but notwithstanding this, I fail to follow the minute distinctions which he adopts in separating them.—H. J. E.) 82. L. bellargus, Rott., var. polonus, Zett. Common. Anti-Lebanon and Lebanon, 3000-6000 feet. (Staudinger refers the form found in the Lebanon to this var., which seems also to occur in East Prussia and Aragon. Mrs. Nicholl’s specimens differ from the type of bellargus in their colour and broader border above, and are apparently quite as near the Caucasian form 94, Mary de la Beche Nicholl on of corydon as they are to bellargus. The underside, though paler than in bellargus, seems more like that than corydon. 1d, EL) 83. L. meleager, Esp. (A pair from the Cedars, taken by Prof. Day in August, and three from the Natural Bridge, Lebanon, show some variation from the type, but do not agree with the short diagnosis of the var. ignorata, Stgr. (versicolor Stgr. in litt.), or with a specimen of this from the Taurus, though two of them are evidently a transition to that form.— H. J. E) 84. L. admetus, and var. ripartw, Freyer. Very common 4000—5000 feet. Lebanon, Afka, June. (Prof. Day took this at the Cedars and Afka in August.— —H. J. E.) 85. L. semiargus, var. bellis, Freyer. Not uncommon at 4000—5000 feet. Lebanon, Djebel Keneysseh, and Djebel Sunnin. I took none on Hermon. 86. L. semiargus, var. antiochena, Led. Four specimens only, three on the western face of Lebanon at 3000—4500 feet, third week in May, and one on May 31st at Baalbek, in very bad order. Probably an early var. (Male specimens of var., bellis agree with those I have from Asia Minor, Armenia, and North Persia, but I have no females from Syria. A male which I sent to Dresden is returned by Herr Banghaas as bellis, while a pair from Lebanon taken by Mrs. Nicholl are returned as antiochena, Led. Of these the male seems to me more like a very small specimen of zephyrus, var. michollt, whilst the female is undoubtedly antzochena, which has been treated by Stgr. as a variety of semiargus, but my Syrian specimens are not sufficient to decide whether, as I believe, antiochena is a variety or not. Semiargus seems to be represented in Greece and Syria respectively by the vars. known as parnassia and bells, but the males are not so distinct as the females, and though Mrs. Nicholl appears to have taken the two in different localities, as I took helena and parnassia in Greece, I must remain in doubt as to their specific identity—H. J. E.) Butterflies of the Lebanon. 95 87. L. cyllarus, var. wruginosa, Stgr. Very common at Brummana and in the Lebanon, 3000—6000 feet, April to June. (The two specimens of this brought home by Mrs. Nicholl have the hind-wings below sutiused with green and blue extending almost to the fringe, a character which is usual in specimens from this region, though only occurring as an aberration in Hurope.— 88. Lycena argvolus. Common, 3000—5000 feet, Blouden, Afka, etc. 89. L. warus. Common, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon. (Some of the specimens which I refer to this species, taken at the Cedars of Lebanon by Mrs. Day, are very small, and may perhaps be candalus ; others trom Beyrout are more like form persica, Bienert; others again from the higher parts of the Lebanon are normal.—H. J. I.) 90. L. zephyrus, var. The form with brightest orange spots on upperside of hind-wings I took chiefly on chalk hills among green corn at Baalbek and Blouden, end of May and first week in June. I also got several, not so brilliant, at the Cedars of Lebanon. But the same insect without orange spots on the upper side is generally distributed on Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, from 3000—6000 feet. May and early June. : (Mrs. Nicholl collected a good series of this at various places in the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, which are lke nothing im my collection, though they come nearest tu three specimens which were in the Grum collection from Mesopotamia, and which were sent him by Staudinger as zephyrus. Isent three males (from Lebanon) to Staudinger just before his death which were returned to me by Mr. Banghaas, labelled in one case “ Zephyrus,”’ and in the other “ Zephyrus certain.” I have a good series of all the forms ot zephyrus trom the Alps, Spain, and various parts of Central Asia and Asia Minor, and have taken it myself in Greece and Bulgaria. All the males except the three from Mesopotamia above mentioned are distinguished by well-marked marginal black spots on the hind-wing above, which is not seen ou the Syrian insect, whilst not one 96 Mary de la Beche Nicholl on of them except one of those from Mesopotamia has a trace of the orange spots on the margin of the hind- wing above, which is conspicuous in about half of the Syrian males, and only absent in a few specimens. The females above are like those of zephyrus, except that they all have a well-marked marginal series of reddish orange spots on both wings, above and below; which occur in my zephyrus females only in one from Granada, and one from Mesopotamia, though visible to some extent on the hind-wing only, in other females. Below, the Syrian form in both sexes is more like zephyrus, though the pale band of arrow-head shaped marks on the hind-wing usually, but not always, seen between the orange and the inner series of black spots, is wanting. Notwithstanding the variation shown by this insect, I could recognise all, or nearly all, the specimens by the characters mentioned, at least as well or better than any of the other named vars. of zephyrus, and propose for it the name of var. nichollt, in which probably the Mesopotamian form will be included.—H. J. E.) 91. L. ewrypilus, Freyer. (Mrs. Nicholl seems to have found this in several places on the Lebanon and on Hermon, but did not recognise them as distinct from the last species, of which the females are very similar in appearance. The Syrian form has in both sexes broader and more extended marginal bands on both wings above, than any of those I have from.Asia Minor and Persia.—H. J. E.) 92. Parnara mathias. Dog River and along the coast, not common, May. 93. Hrynnis comma, Linn. (Staudinger describes the Syrian form as “ var. pallida,” but a pair taken by Prof. Day in August, as well as one from N. Syria, do not show any well-marked distinction ; though, as might be expected, all my southern and eastern specimens are paler than those from North and Central Kurope.—H. J. E.) 94, Spilothyrus althex. Common, coast, Djebel Keneysseh, 4500 feet, Anti-Leba- non, etc. Butterflies of the Lebanon. ay 95. S. alcex. Common below 4000 feet. 96. Syrichthus alveus. Very common everywhere up to 6000 feet. 97. S. orbifer. Common, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon up to 4000 feet. 98. S. serratule. Not very common, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, 3000— 4000 feet. 99. S. pogger. Not common, Damascus and Anti-Lebanon, 3000— 4500 feet. 100. S. nomas. Common everywhere from the coast to 6000 feet, May and June. 101. S. melotis. Very common, coast to 5000 feet, April to June. 102. Hesperia thaumas, Common, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, 3000—5000 feet. 103. A. lineola. Not so common, Hermon and Anti-Lebanon, 3000— 5000 feet. 104. H. actzon. Not common, Dog River glen only. 105. H. nostrodamus. I also took this species, but obtained no good specimens, so I cannot exhibit any. 106. Nisionades marloyt. Not uncommon, Blouden, Hermon, etc., 4000—5000 feet. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 7 ee Fs * > . x = ( 99 ) V. Enumeration of the Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected by Signor Leonardo Fea in Burma and its vicinity. By W. L. DIsTAnrT. Part I. Family PENTATOMIDA. [Read April 3rd, 1901.] THIS enumeration refers to the whole of the Pentatomide excepting the sub. fam. Plataspine which has already been studied by A. L. Montandon (“Annali Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova,” vol. xxxiv, 1894, pp. 119- 144). The collection made by Sign. Fea in this Family alone is a very representative one, and with a few specimens collected by Capt. D. Comotto comprises no fewer than 136 species, which, with the addition of the 19 Plataspinze enumerated by Montandon, gives a total of 155 species. They are all contained in the Genoa Museum, and are distributed in the following subfamilies :— Scutellerinze 16 Graphosomine = 5 Cydninez 17 New Genera 2 New Species 4 Pentatominee wa. ; See : a ue Asopinee fi Tessaratominz oe. : Soar ‘ ee Dinidorinee TQ: —. ; ‘ , ; ee | Phyllocephaline 10 ; 2 Urolabidinze 4 1 Acanthosominz 4 136 4 1 The new genera will be figured in a forthcoming volume of Mr. Blanford’s “Fauna of British India,” on which I am now engaged, and which will be devoted to the order Rhynchota. Family PENTATOMID. Subfamily SCUTELLERIN &. Solenostethium rubropunctatum, Guér., Tenasserim; Mee- tan. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 100 Mr. W. L, Distant’s Enumeration of the Cantao ocellatus, Thunb., Burma; Carin, Asciuii Cheba, 1200-1300 m. Pecilocoris latus, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Pecilocoris hardwicki, Westw., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Pecilocoris drurzi, Linn., Burma; Catecin Cauri, Asciuil Cheba, 1200-1300 m.; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Pecilocoris rufigenis, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900- 1100 m. Pecilocoris interruptus, Westw., Burma ; Carin Cheba, 900- 1100 m. Scutellera nobilis, Fabr., Tenasserim ; Moulmein. Brachyaulax oblonga, Westw., Burma; Bhamo, Mitanga. Chrysocoris grandis, 'Thunb. var. bavo, Fabr.. Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. ; Tenasserim ; Mt. Mooleyit, 600-1200 m. var. pallens, A. and 8., Burma; Bhamo. Chrysocoris stoli, Wolff, Burma ; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Bhamo, Toungoo, Pegu; Palon. Tenasserim, Tha- gata, Malewoon. Chrysocoris eques, Fabr., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m, Chrysocoris fascialis, White; Burma; Carin Cheba, 900— 1100 mn. Lamprocoris lateralis, Guér., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900- 1100 m. Lamprocoris spinigera, Dall., Burma; Catcin Cauri. Hotea cwreulionides, Herr. Schaeff., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m.; Burma; Bhamo. Tenasserim; Meetan. Pegu; Palon. Subfamily GRAPHOSOMIN 4. Podops afinis, Hagl., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100. Podops obscwra, Dall., Tenasserim ; Malewoon. Podops coarctata, Fabr., Burma ; Rangoon, Bhamo, Teinzo. Podops limosa, Walk., Burma; Rangoon. Tenasserim ; Kawkareet. Aspidestrophus lineola, Voll., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900- 1100 m. Subfamily CYDNINA. Stibaropus callidus, Schicedte, Burma; Schwego-Myo Toungoo, Katha, Rangoon. Pegu ; Palon. Stibaropus minor, Walk., Burma; Katha, Bhamo. Stibaropus molginus, Schicedte, Burma; Sheninaga. Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 101 Lactistes truncato-serratus, Sign., Burma ; Rangoon, Teinzo, Carin Cheba. ‘Tenasserim; Thagata. Pegu; Palon. Lactistes rastellus, Schicedte, Burma; Rangoon, Toungoo, Prome, Carin.—Minhla (Comotto). Pegu; Palon, Tenasserim ; Thagata. Adrisa magna, Uhler, Burma; Asciuii Ghecu. Tenasserim ; Meetan. Cydnaus perpunctatus, Sign, Burma; Schwego-Myo. Pegu ; Palon. Cydnus indicus, Westw., Burma; Teinzo. Cydnus nigritus, Fabr.. Burma; Carin Cheba, Mandalay, Rangoon. Gampsotes parallelus, Sign., Burma; Toungoo, Schwego- Myo, Rangoon, Katha. Pegu; Palon. Macroscytus subeneus, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba, Katha, Schwego-Myo. Tenasserim; Thagata, Kawkareet. Pegu; Palon. Geotomus pygmeus, Dall., Burma; Bhamo, Toungoo, Ran- goon, Mandalay, Shennagon, Carin Cheba, Katha, Teinzo. Pegu; Palon. Cydnopeltus incisus, sp. n., Burma; Teinzo, Cydnopeltus minutus, sp. n., Burma; Asciuii Ghecu. Nishadana tyvica, Dist., Burma; Rangoon. Hewrnius typicus, gen. n., sp. n., Burma; Asciuii Ghecu. Heurnius erebus, sp. n., Burma; Rangoon. Pegu, Palon. Subfamily PENTA TOMINZA. Dalpada oculata, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba.— Minhla (Comotto). Tenasserim; Malewoon. Pegu ; Palon. Dalpada clavata, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo, Teinzo.—Minhla (Comotto). Pegu; Palon. Dalpadajugatoria, Leth., Burma, Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Lrthesina fullo, Thunb., Burma; Mt. Heanlain. Pegu ; Palon. | Surenus normalis, gen. n., sp. n., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. Asyla fex, sp. n., Burma; Catcin Cauri. Lelopis unicolor, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900-1100 m. falyabbas unicolor, Dist., Burma; Metanja. Laprius antennatus, sp. n., Burma; Asciuii Cheba. Adnus obscurus, Dall., Burma; Bhamo. Pegu; Palon. Ainaria elongata, Dall, Burma; Teinzo. Tenasserim ; Kawkareet. 102 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Enumeration of the Ochrophara montana, Dist., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. Odius obscurus, sp. 0., Burma; Katha, Teinzo. Plexippus fulvescens, Dall., Burma; Bhamo, Teinzo, Ran- goon, Carin Cheba. Plexippus vittatus, sp. un 1100 m. Cappea taprobanensis, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900— 1100 m. Niphe subferruginca, Westw., Burma; Asciuii Cheba. Pegu; Palon. Halyomorpha picus, Fabr., Burma; Asciuii Cheba. Pegu ; Palon. Tolumiia latipes, Dall., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. [Adria parvula, Wall.| Burma.—Minhla (Comotto). Aischrocoris tuberculatus, Stal., Burma; Carin Cheba, Bhamo. Pegu; Palon. Aischrocoris obscurus, Dali., Burma; Carin Cheba. Kysarcoris guttigera, Thunb., Burma; Bhamo, Catcin Cauri, Carin Cheba.—Minhla (Comotto). Tenasserim, Plapoo, Malewoon. Pegu; Palon. Hysarcoris ventralis, Westw., Burma; Teinzo, Yenang- young, Bliamo. Hysarcoris rosaceus, sp. n., Burma; Carin Cheba, 900- 1100 m. Carbula crassiventris, Dall., Burma; Rangoon, Catcin Cauri, Carin Cheba. Tenasserim.; Mt. Mooleyit. Carbula scutellata, Dist., Tenasserim; Moulmein. Carbula producta, sp. n., Burma; Carin Cheba. Cratonotus coloratus, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba. Agnoscelis nubtla, Fabr., Tenasserim ; Malewoon. Hurydema pulchra, Westw., Burina ; Teinzo, Bhamo. Hurydema liturifera, Walk., Burma; Teinzo. [Stenozygum speciosum, Dall.] Burma.—Muinhla (Comotto). Cinava linbata, Fabr., Burma; Catcin Cauri. Tenasserim ; Thagata. | Strachia crucigera, Hahn., Burma; Teinzo, Bbhamo, Schwego-Myo. Alcimus coronatus, Stal, Burma; Teinzo, Bhamo; Carin Cheba. Hoplistodera incisa, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba. Hoplistodera virescens, Dall., Burma; Asciuit Ghecu, Carin Cheba. : Catacanthus wearnatus, Dru., Burma; Bhamo.—Munhla (Coniotto). . Burma; Carin Cheba, 900- Heteroptera (Lhynchota) collected in Burma. 108 Nezara viridula, Linn., Burma; Catcin Cauri, Carin Cheba. Tenasserim; Thagata. Hyllus florens, Walk., Tenasserim ; Malewoon. Plautia fimbriata, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo, Teinzo, Carin Cheba. Critheus lineatifrons, Stal., Burma; Carin Cheba. Tenas- serim; Kawkareet. Pegu; Palon. Antestia anchora, Thunb., Burma; Carin Cheba, Bhamo., _ Tenasserim; Thagata. Antestia pulchra, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba. Tenas- serim ; Thagata. Antestia degenera, Walk., Burma; Teinzo, Bhamo, Rangoon, Katha. | Menida histrio, Fabr.. Burma; Bhamo, Schwego-Myo. Menida formosa, Westw., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. Lrachyeoris wmsignis, Dist., Burma; Rangoon. Pegu; Palon. Rhyncocoris humeralis, Thunb, Burma; Bhamo. Priassus exemptus, Walk., Tenasserim ; Mt. Mooleyit. Fernelius indicus, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba. Sennertus typicus, gen. n., sp. n.; Burma; Carin Cheba. Placosternum tawrus, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo. Subfamily ASOPINA. Zicrona cerulea, Linn., Burma, Carin Cheba. Blachia ducalis, Walk., Burma; Carin Cheba. Cazira verrucosa, Westw., Burma; Schwego-Myo, Bhamo. Carin Cheba.—Minhla(Comotto), Tenasserim; Meetan, Thagata. Pegu; Palon. Canthecona furcellata, Woltf., Burma; Bhamo, Teinzo, Carin Cheba. Canthecona tibialis, Dist., Burma; Bhamo. Picromerus obtusus, Walk., Burma; Carin Cheba. Asopus malabaricus, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo. Pegu; Palon. Subfamily 7HSSARA TOMIN . Tessaratoma javanica, Thunb., Burma; Carin Cheba. Tenasserim ; Meetan. Eusthenes polyphemus, Stal., Burma; Carin Cheba, Lusthenes ewrytus, Dist., Burma; Catcin Cauri. Husthenes rubefactus, sp. n., Burma; Carin Cheba. Vitruvius insignis, gen. n., sp. n., Burma; Rangoon. Hurostus ochraceous, Montand.,? Burma; Carin Cheba. 104 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Hnwmeration of the Pycanum rubens, Fabr., Tenasserim ; Mooleyit, Thagata. Pycanum ochracewm, Dist., Burma, Carin Cheba. Pycanum ponderosum, Stal., Tenasserim ; Malewoon. Subfamily DINIDORIN 4, Cyclopelta obscura, Lep. and Serv., Burma; Carin Cheba. Cyclopelta siccifolia, Westw., Burma; Metanja, Teinzo, Bhamo, Rangoon.—Minhla (Comotto). [ Aspongopus janus, Fabr.] Burma,—Minhla (Comotto). Aspongopus circwmcinctus, Walk., Burma; Carin Cheba, Catein Cauri. Aspongopus fuscus, Westw., Tenasserim; Meetan. Aspongopus nepalensis, Westw., Burma; Bhamo. Tenas- serim; Malewoon. Aspongopus brunneus, Thunb., Burma ;—Minhla (Comotto), Megymenum brevicorne, Fabr., Burma; Rangoon. Megymenum subpurpurascens, Westw., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. Pegu; Palon. Byrsodepsus nigritus, sp. u., Pegu; Palon. Subfamily PH YLLOCEPHALIN 4. Cressona valida, Dall., Burma; Carin Cheba, Bhamo. Dalsira scabrata, sp. u., Burma; Carin Cheba, Asciuii Cheba. | Dalsira glandulosa, Wolff, Burma; Bhamo. Gonopsis coccinea, Walk., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. Pegu; Palon. Gonopsis lunata, sp. n., Burma; Carin Cheba. Diplorhinus quadricornis, Stal, Burma; Rangoon. Tetroda histeroides, Fabr., Burma; Bhamo, Carin Cheba. Megarhynchus limatus, Herr. Scheeff., Burma; Bhamo. Megarhynchus truncatus, Westw., Pegu; Palon. Megarhynchus rostratus, Fabr., Burma; Teinzo, Carin. Tenassertm; Malewoon. Pegu; Palon. Subfamily VROLABIDIN A. Urolabida histrionica, Westw., Burma; Bhamo, Rangoon. Urostylis fumigata, Walk., Burma; Carin Cheba. Urostylis gracilis, Dall., Burma, Carin Cheba. Urostylis farimaria, sp. n., Burma; Rangoon, Carin Cheba. Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 105 Subfamily 4C4ANTHOSOMIN 42. Microdeuterus megacephalus, Herr. Schaeff., Pegu; Palon. Sastragala javanensis, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba. Anaxandra compacta, Dist., Burma; Carin Cheba. Anaxandra sigillata, Stal., Burma; Carin Cheba. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES. Cydnopeltus incisus, sp. 0. Black, shining. Head with the lateral marginal areas thickly and coarsely punctate, the disk more sparsely punctate ; antenne dark castaneous the apices of the joints somewhat paler; pronotum glabrous with a deep straight discal transverse impression ; scutellum with a basal series of punctures, the lateral margins coarsely and lineately punctate from a little beyond base, the disk rugulose and with some scattered very deep punctures ; corium coarsely punctate excepting the inner apical area which is levigate; membrane very pale brown. Long. 6 millim. Lat. 4 millim. Habitat. BurMA ; Teinzo (Fea). Allied to the Javan C. horvathi., Sign., but differing by the transversely impressed pronotum, different punctuation, etc. Cydnopeltus minutus, sp. n. Pale castaneous ; antennee with the apices of the joints distinctly paler; head somewhat irregularly, coarsely and longitudinally carinate ; pronotum depressed and levigate near anterior margin where there is a distinct central longitudinal incision, remaining area sparingly punctate, and with a transverse central incision ; scutellum sparingly punctate and transversely wrinkled from beyond base, depressed near apex ; corium sparingly punctate, the internal area and lateral margin ochraceous; membrane pale ochraceous, Long, 3 millim. Habitat. BURMA; Carin, Asciuii Ghecu (Fea). Heurnius, gen. nov. Body elongate, apex of abdomen slightly attenuated narrower than pronotum. Head truncate anteriorly, the lateral lobes reflexed and somewhat concave. Pronotum broader than long, the lateral 106 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Hnwmeration of the margins straight but convexly rounded towards apical angles, posterior margin straight, anterior margin moderately concave. Scutellum small, triangular, about one-third the length of abdomen. Corium small the apical margin concavely sinuate ; membrane large, a little more than half the length of abdomen. Anterior tibiz dilated and spined at apices. This genus is allied to Blena, Walk. (= Macrhymenus, Sign.), from which it can be at once separated by the shape of the scutellum. | Heurnius typicus, sp. n. Black ; posterior margin of the pronotum, the scutellum and the corium dark castaneous ; antennz ochraceous; membrane greyish ; legs castaneous, the tarsi ochraceous. Body above thickly and very coarsely punctate; central lobe of head with the apical angles prominent. Long. 4 millim. Habitat. BuRMA; Carin, Asciuii Ghecu (Fea). Heurnius erebus, sp. n. Black, shining ; antennz pale castaneous ; legs dark castaneous, tarsi ochraceous ; membrane pale greyish. Body above very thickly and coarsely punctate ; pronotum with a discal transverse impression. Long. 34 millim. Halitat. Burma; RanGcoon (Fea); PrGu; Palon, (Fea). Broader and less elongate than the preceding species, colour also different. Surenus, gen. n. Moderately ovate and elongate. Head long and moderately broad, the lateral lobes much longer than the central and broadly cleft between their apices which are obliquely subtruncate, lateral margins concavely sinuate and reflexed ; eyes prominent. Antenne hirsute, five-jointed, basal joint robust and reaching the apex of the head, second and fifth joints subequal in length. Rostrum reaching the intermediate coxze. Pronotum about twice as broad as long between the lateral angles which are subprominent, the lateral margins dentate and moderately sinuate, the anterior angles subspinous, Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 107 posterior margin very slightly rounded. Scutellum more than half the length of the abdomen, its apex narrowed and subacute. Corium not quite reaching the margins of the connexivum which is moder- ately angulated at the seemental incisures ; apical margins of corium a little coneavely sinuate, apical angle acutely produced. Membrane with longitudinal veins. Abdomen beneath globose ; tibize sulcate but not dilated. I have placed this yenius near Apodiphus with which it has many affinities. Surenus normalis, sp. n. Head, pronotum and scutellum piceous or very dark olivaceous, corium paler olivaceous, membrane dark cupreous, apex of scutelluin narrowly ochraceous ; abdomen beneath piceous, castaneous on disk ; sternum and head beneath dark olivaceous ; legs castaneous ; antennee castaneous the apical joint stramineous. Head thickly and rather coarsely punctate; pronotum finely granulate with an indistinct central impression. Scutellum finely granulate and transversely wrinkled. Corium thickly and finely punctate. Long. 20 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 11 millim, Max. exp. abd. 12 millim. Habitat, BurMA ; Carin Cheba (Fea). Asyla fex, sp. n. Brownish-ochraceous ; head, pronotum, and scutellum transversely rugulose and coarsely punctate. Head with the central lobe more or less margined with black punctures ; antennz with the first, second and third joints black (remaining joints mutilated) ; corium thickly and finely punctate ; membrane fuscous ; head beneath and sternum brownish-ochraceous ; rostrum legs and abdomen testaceous. Head with the lateral margins slightly sinuate and moderately reflexed, antennze with the second joint distinctly shorter than the third; pronotum with the lateral margins crenulate, the lateral angles moderately prominent, their apices broadly subacute, their margins non-crenulate. Membrane with six longitudinal veins, asymmetrically bifurcate ; abdomen obscurely centrally sulcate on the second and third segments ; rostrum reaching the base of the third abdominal segment, its apex black. Long. 20 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 9 millim. Habitat. BURMA; Catcin Cauri (Fea). 108 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Hnwmeration of the Strongly diverging from the only other and _ typical representative of the genus A. indicatriz, Walk., by the more flattened body and much less basal convexity of the pronotum, the lateral angles of which are much _ less produced ; the head is narrower especially at apex and the lateral margins less smuate ; veins to membrane more bifurcate, ete. Characters not mentioned by Walker in his diagnosis of the genus Asyla are the obscure basal sulcation to the abdomen, and the presence of a small but distinct spine on the inner margin of the anterior tibiz at about one- third from apex. The affinities of Asyla are not with Galedanta and Huschistus as stated by Walker, but with the genera allied to Atclocera in the group separated by Dallas as Halydide. Laprius antennatus, sp. n. Ochraceous, somewhat thickly, coarsely, and blackly punctate ; antennze fuscus, basal joint somewhat testaceous, bases of third, fourth and fifth joints luteous ; eyes black on the inner margins of which is an impunctate space ; pronotum with a distinct central pale carination ; scutellum with a pale levigate spot in each basal angle, and faint indications of a central pale carination; basal costal margin to corium pale levigate ; body beneath somewhat thickly blackly punctate, the punctures thicker and more fasciate towards the lateral margins, with a series of raised elongate pale levigate spots before the stigmata ; femora reddish-ochraceous, blackly punctate, tibive luteous, their apices and the tarsi piceous. Antenne with the first and third joints shortest, the pronotum and scutellum rugulose ; rostrum reaching the posterior coxe, its apex black. Long. 12 millim. Halitat. BURMA; Carin, Asciuii Cheba (Fea). Allied to LZ. varicornis, Dall., and differmg by the colora- tion of the antenne, the somewhat broader body and more rugulose pronotum and scutellum, the punctures much coarser, and the pale ante-stigmatal spots larger and more elongate. Odius obscurus, sp. 0. Dull ochraceous, thickly covered with coarse black punctures ; antenne fuscous, the base of apical joints luteous ; abdomen above fuscous violaceous, connexium thickly blackly punctate ; membrane Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 109 smoky hyaline, the longitudinal veins fuscous ; body beneath piceous ; legs ochraceous, coarsely punctate. Head cleft at apex between the apices of the lateral lobes; antenne with the second joint a little shorter than the third, fourth joint longest; pronotum with the lateral margins strongly recurved, and with a faint central longi- tudinal levigate line which is continued throughout the scutellum. Long. 12 millim. Exp, pronot. angl. 6 millim. Halitat, BuRMA; Katha, Teinzo (Fea). Plexippus viltatus, sp. n. Dull ochraceous, thickly and darkly punctate, the coloration distinctly darker on the head and anterior half of pronotum which is separated by a transverse levigate fascia; body beneath pale ochraceous, the lateral areas of the sternum, a longitudinal fascia on each side of abdomen, the stigmata, and a spot on apical segment piceous ; legs ochraceous, antenne ochraceous, apex of third joint, more than apical half of fourth joint, and apical half of fifth joint piceous ; second and third joints sub-equal in length. Long. 11 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 64 millim. Habitat. BURMA; Carin Cheba (Fea). Allied to P. afinis, Dist., but differing by the relative lengths of the second and third joints of the antenne, the fasciate sternum and abdomen, the distinct transverse levigate fascia crossing centre of pronotum, ete. Hysarcoris rosaceus, sp. n. Ochraceous, thickly and darkly punctate, finely and very thickly on head, more coarsely and sparingly on pronotum, scutellum and corium ; head with a central pale levigate longitudinal line not quite reaching apex ; antennz ochraceous; pronotum with the anterior and lateral margins palely levigate, the lateral angles rosaceous, two clusters of dark punctures on each side of the anterior area ; pronotum with a large rounded pale levigate spot near each basal angle ; mem- brane pale brownish hyaline. Body beneath ochraceous, thickly and darkly punctate ; abdomen with a broad central greenish-black fascia, its lateral margins somewhat paler, with the stigmata and a series of small marginal spots, black ; legs ochraceous finely spotted with black. The head is long, almost as long as the pronotum ; the lateral angles are strongly and robustly produced, their apices broadly sub-acute. Long. 6-64 millim, Exp, pronot, angl. 5-54 millim. 110 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Enumeration of the Habitat. BURMA; Carin Cheba (Fea). A species to be recognized by the produced and roseate lateral angles of the pronotum. Carbula producta, sp. n. Ochraceous, coarsely punctate ; head very thickly and darkly punctate, the apex of the central lobe ochraceous ; antenne with the first, second and third joints ochraceous, fourth and fifth joints black with their bases ochraceous ; pronotum coarsely and darkly punctate the lateral angles black; scutellum coarsely and darkly punctate with a small levigate luteous spot in each basal angle; corium more thickly punctate and slightly rugulose ; membrane pale hyaline. Body beneath and legs ochraceons, lateral areas of the sternum and abdomen with scattered dark punctures, stigmata and an abdominal lateral marginal series of small spots, black ; legs more or less finely black spotted. Head somewhat narrow, long, and tapering ; lateral angles of the pronotum strongly and robustly produced ; second and third joints of the antenne, and the fourth and fifth joints sub-equal in length. Long. 73-8 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 6 millim. Halitat. BurMA; Carin Cheba (Fea). A species in which the elongate head resembles that of C’. trinotata, Herr. Scheff.; the rest of the body more allied to C. obtusangula, Reut., but-with the pronotal angles narrower and with their apices more acute. Senanertus, gen. nov. Head subtriangular, considerably longer than broad, the lateral lobes much larger than the central lobe and strongly cleft between their apices, lateral margins nearly straight. Antenne with the basal joint short, robust, not nearly reaching apex of head, fourth joint longest, third and fifth joints subequal in length. Pronotum about twice as broad as long, the lateral angles prominent, robust, and obtusely angulated, the lateral margins moderately concave and serrate, anterior margin concave, posterior margin nearly straight. Scutellum about half the length of abdomen, moderately convex at basal area, narrowed at about one-third from apex which is angularly rounded, membrane with Jongitudinal veins. Abdomen gradually narrowing to apex. Rostrum with the second joint a little shorter than the third ; fourth joint very slender. Mesosternum centrally carinate. Abdomen unarmed, Odoriferous aperture long and slender. O_O ae Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 111 Allied to the Genus Amyntor, Stal., from which it differs by its more robust form; lateral margins of head not sinuated ; anterior margin of the pronotum concave. Sennertus typicus, sp. n. Brownish-ochraceous, thickly and coarsely punctate, more sparsely on the head where there is a levigate ochraceous spot on the inner margin of each eye ; lateral margins of head and pronotum very narrowly fuscous, posterior margins of lateral angles narrowly ochraceous; posterior margin narrowly levigate ; scutellum with a small black spot in each lateral angle ; corium with the lateral area more finely punctate than on disk ; body beneath ochraceous with scattered brown punctures, stigmata and a double series of small segmental spots on each side, piceous; legs and antennez reddish- ochraceous, femora spotted with fuscous. Long. 22 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 12 millim. Habitat. BuRMA ; Carin Cheba (Fea). Husthenes rubefactus, sp. n. Above dark castaneous tinged with olivaceous ; body beneath with legs pale bright castaneous or ochraceous ; abdomen above purplish- red ; connexivum olivaceous spotted with ochraceous at segmental bases; antennz piceous, with the basal joint—excluding apex— reddish-ochraceous ; eyes inwardly margined with reddish-ochraceous, Head with the lateral lobes obliquely striate, the basal area slightly rugulose ; antennz with the third joint shorter than the second or fourth joints, extreme apex of apical joint ochraceous, Pronotum with the lateral margins strongly wrinkled, the lateral angles sub- prominent and subacute. 4. Posterior femora strongly incrassated, with a long and strong spine at less than half the length from base, a series of small spines on inner margin of apical area and with a prominent stout spine or tooth at apex. Long. 27-33 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 12-15 millim. Habitat. BuRMA; Carin Cheba (Fea). The spotted connexivum, and the colour of the body beneath and legs will at once distinguish this species. In structure it is allied to #. ewrytus, Dist. Vitruvius, gen. nov. Body ovate, moderately gibbous, attenuated posteriorly. Head small, deflected, lateral lobes meeting in front of central lobe, lateral 112 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Enumeration of the margins reflexed, anterior margin subtruncate, posterior margin truncate, well inserted in the pronotum ; ocelli rather nearer to eyes than to each other. Rostrum reaching the intermediate coxe, second joint longest. Antennze five-jointed, basal joint stout, not quite reaching apex of head, second and third joints longest and subequal in length, fourth and fifth joints a little shorter and sub- equal. Pronotum convex, deflected anteriorly, broader than long, the whole lateral area produced into a broad subacute angulation ; scutellum convex, more than half the length of the abdomen, its apex narrowed and rounded. Corium with its lateral margin convex, its apical margin slightly rounded. Membrane with longitudinal veins emitted from basal cellular areas, Abdomen with the lateral margins entire, not projecting beyond corium. Prosternum longi- tudinally sulcate, mesosternum obscurely carinate ; metasternum obscurely elevated. Legs moderately robust ; tibie sulcated, tarsi three-jointed. A very distinct genus of the Tessaratomine belonging to the Division Eusthenina, Stal., and not closely allied to any genus with which I am at present acquainted. Vitruvius imsignis, sp. n. Ochraceous; anterior lateral margins of pronotum, lateral margins of corium near base, some obscure longitudinal series of punctures to pronotum in about six series, a double discal series at base of scutellum, and some scattered punctures on disk of corium and apical area of scutellum, black. Body beneath luteous, legs ochraceous. Head finely wrinkled and punctate, pronotum more coarsely so and with two elongate transverse impunctate spaces near anterior margin ; scutellum distinctly transversely wrinkled, with a faint and broad central impression ; corium somewhat thickly and finely punctate, but longitudinally levigate on disk. Long. 17 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 10$ millim. Halitat. BURMA; Rangoon (Fea). Byrsodepsus nigritus, sp. n. Piceous ; rostrum and apical joint of antenne—excluding base— brownish-ochraceous, Antennz with the second joint longest, third joint prominently dilated and slightly shorter than fourth joint; head coarsely and rugosely punctate, the lateral lobes long and well separated in- ternally ; pronotum rugosely punctate, a broad transverse impression on anterior area which becomes foveate at lateral margins which are eS es rtC CCU TT —— 9 =e OE ee a ee a ee ae A? pi a he Oi Gee eee | ee i i es, Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected in Burma. 113 obscurely crenulate ; posterior margin concave in front of scutellum ; scutellum transversely rugose ; corium thickly and finely punctate ; femora robust armed on each side with a strong spine near apex. Long. 12 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 5$ millim. Habitat. Peau; Palon (Fea). Dalsira scabrata, sp. n. Very dark castaneous ; connexivum and abdomen beneath testa- ceous ; antennw fuscous, fourth and fifth joint pale luteous, rather more than apical half of fifth joint fuscous ; membrane brownish- ochraceous. | Head very coarsely punctate, somewhat tessellate on basal half ; second joint of antenne a little shorter than third, third and fourth subequal, fifth longest ; pronotum very coarsely rugose with a distinct transverse ridge between the lateral angles beyond which it is deflected anteriorly and distinctly transversely foveate, the lateral margins strongly and coarsely dentate, the lateral angles a little prominent, broadly rounded and coarsely dentate ; scutellum transversely rugose ; corium very finely punctate and slightly wrinkled ; rostrum dull ochraceous and reaching the anterior coxe. Long. 17 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 10-11 millim. Halitat. BURMA ; Carin Cheba and Asciuil Cheba (Fea). A species with no near ally. Gonopsis lunata, sp. n. Sanguineous ; antennee luteous—sometimes tinged with sanguine- ous—apical joint black with its base luteous ; ocelli luteous ; prono- tum with a transverse fascia between the lateral angles bright luteous —in some specimens this fascia is concolorous—and with two trans- verse dull ochraceous patches on anterior area ; scutellum with the lateral and apical areas more or less ochraceous ; membrane pale hyaline ; body beneath and legs sanguineous. Head triangular the lateral lobes meeting well in front of the central lobe, their margins and the central lobe coarsely punctate ; pronotum with the lateral angles very prominently and sublunately produced, their apices subacute, directed forwardly and a little upwardly, the lateral margins dentate, a distinct ridge between the lateral angles, behind which the surface is distinctly rugulose, between the ridge and the anterior margin it is deflected, with scattered coarse dark punctures, the dull ochraceous patches being foveate; scutellum transversely rugose ; corium thickly and finely punctate, its basal lateral margin slightly crenate ; antennee with the second and third TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART I. (APRIL) 8 114 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Enumeration of the Heteroptera. joints short and subequal in length, fourth and fifth joints longer and subequal in length. Long. 15-18 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 11-13 millim. Habitat. BURMA; Carin Cheba (Fea). A species to be recognised by the widely extended and lunate lateral pronotal angles. I possess a series of specimens from Upper Assam, collected by Mr. Doherty. Urostylis farinaria, sp. 0. Very pale luteous in some specimens inclining to ochraceous ; eyes, apical areas of third, fourth and fifth joints of antennz, and a spot near centre of apical margin to corium, black. Antenne with the third joint shortest ; pronotum and scutellum somewhat sparingly but coarsely punctate ; inner and outer claval margins with a longitudinal series of coarse punctures ; corium with the inner area impunctate, the outer area coarsely but sparingly. punctate. | Long. 10-12 millim. Habitat. BURMA; Carin Cheba, Rangoon (Fea). APRIL 30, 1901. eae 5 VI. A preliminary catalogue of the Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. By WitiisM JAMEs Kaye, F.ES. [Read February 5th, 1901.] PuLatEes V. AND VI. AutTHouGH Trinidad is within such easy reach of England, and has the inducement to visitors of being in a civilized state, its Lepidopterous fauna has been almost wholly neglected, and no scientific lists have been published, except the preliminary list of the butterflies by Mr. Crow- foot in the Transactions of the Trinidad Literary and Philosophical Society. This is all the more remarkable as the fauna is an exceedingly rich one, as one might expect in an island belonging to the Neotropical Region and lying so near to the Equator. The butterflies enumerated in Mr. Crowfoot’s list number up 199, and this is far short of the actual total as my own records can show. If one can compute at all the number of Meterocera, it should, without in¢luding Tortricide and Tineide, not fall far short of 1000 species even at a modest estimate. I have been able to record only 245 at present, not including the Tortricidz and Tineidx, but I hope to supplement this number at a future date. Hitherto nothing has, I believe, been published on the moths of Trinidad. It has therefore been necessary to search through the specimens at the British Museum for Trinidad labels. Comparatively few have been found, and the species are mostly those taken by my brother, Mr. 8. Kaye, at Verdant Vale in 1895, and my own captures in various parts of the island in May and June 1898. My best thanks are due to Sir George Hampson for valuable help and advice in the compilation of this list. I have presented the types of new species to the British Museum. Family SYNTOMID. CosSMOSOMA MELATHORACIA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 10.) Frons and collar bronze-green. Thorax with patagia and tegule, and abdomen black, the last with square-shaped spots above, of the same colour as the collar; except on first segment where TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PaRT I. (JULY) 9 116 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the they are replaced by two patches of brick-red. Forewing narrow, quite transparent in the median portion excepting the nervures which are clothed with black scales ; the costa, inner area and lower half of outer margin with narrow borders of black ; the discocellular patch and broad apical portion black. Hindwing similar, but with the costal marginal border very narrow. Expanse 42 millim. From Tabaquite. Taken in May 1898 (W. J. Kaye). COSMOSOMA RUBRISCAPULA, sp. n. (Plate V, fig. 9.) Frons bronze-green. Collar black, with only a few green scales. Thorax black ; patagia and tegule vermillion-red. Abdomen black with lateral rows of square-shaped pea-green metallic spots on all the segments save the first which has two spots of the same colour as the tegule. Forewing rather broad, transparent ; the veins prominently black ; costa, inner margin and margin narrowly bordered with black’; a large apical black patch and the lower half of outer margin with a broad band. Hindwing rather broad. The wings of this species are more ample than in C. melathoracia. Expanse 44 millim. Taken flying gently by day in Morrison Valley, beginning of July 1898 (W. J. Kaye). SAURITA CASSANDRA, Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 494 (1768). Saurita cassandra, Hmps., Cat. Lep. Phal., p. 274 (1898). Range. VENEZUELA. Specimens taken on flowers and at light in July 1898 (W. J. Kaye); also recorded by Capt. Clark. SAURITA LACTEATA, Butl., Ill. Het., 1, p. 34, pl. 17. Saurita lacteata, Hmps., Cat. Lep. Phal., p. 276 (1898). Lange. AMAZON. One specimen at light in May 1898, at Tabaquite. The type specimen in the Brit. Mus. N. H. is from Rio Jutahi, Amazons. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). SAURITA TEMENUS, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, pl. 367. Saurita temenus, Hmps., |. c. p. 279. Range. AMAZON. Several specimens in May at Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 117 HistiH&A MELDOLA, Butl., Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., xii, p. 362 (1876). Histica meldolw, Hmps., |. c. p. 311. Range. PANAMA; VENEZUELA. This species was described by Butler from a Trinidad specimen. HIstiI@A CEPHEUS, Cram., Pap. Exot., i, pl. 109, E (1780). Histica cepheus, Hmps., l. ec. p. 313. Range. VENEZUELA. From Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway); also recorded by C. W. Ellacombe. MACROCNEME LADES, Cram., Pap. Exot., i. pl. 83, E (1776). Macrocneme lades, Hmps., |. c. p. 317. Range. Mexico; Costa Rica; VENEZUELA; NEW GRENADA ; AMAZON. Specimens in National Collection (C. W. Ellacombe). MACROCNEME THYRA, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges., Wien. xxxii, p. 334, pl. 18, f. 24 (1883). Macrocneme thyra, HAmps., |. c. p. 321. Range. AMAzONS; BoLivia. Specimens in National Collection (Caracciolo). MACROCNEME NIGRITARSIA, Hmps., |. c. p. 326. Range. MEXICO; GUATEMALA. CALONOTOS TRIPUNCTATA, Druce, A. M. N. H., (7) i, p. 401 (1898). Calonotos tripunctata, Hmps., |. ¢. p. 335. Range. IGNOTUS. The type specimen was from Trinidad, and is in coll. Druce. 118 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the POLIOPASTEA PLUMBEA, Hmps., 1. c. p. 337. The type specimen is from Parantins, Lr. Amazon. From the Marval Valley (C. W. Ellacombe). DINIA MENA, Hiib., Samml, exot. Schmett., 11, (1827). Dinia mena, Hmps., 1. c. p. 339. Range. Throughout CENTRAL AMERICA; BRAZIL; VENEZUELA. In National Collection (C. W. Ellacombe, Caracciolo). TRICHURA CERBERUS, Pall., Spec. Zool. fasc., ix, p. 27, pl. 2, £8 (772). Trichura cerberus, Hmps., |. c. p. 342. Range. BRAZIL, 8. Paulo, Rio. AETHRIA CARNICAUDA, Butl., Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., xii, p. 400 (1876). Range. BRAZIL, Rio. From Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). UROLASIA BRODEA, Schaus, J.. N. Y. Ent. Soc., iv, p. 132 (1896). Urolasia brodea, Hmps., |. c. p. 370. Range. IGNOTUS. The type from Trinidad is in coll. Schaus (W. & Broadway). ANTICHLORIS ERIPHIA, Fabr., Gen. Ins., p. 276 (1776). Antichloris eriphia, Hmps., |. ¢. p. 400. Range. BRAZIL; AMAZON. Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway, Caracciolo). NAPATA WALKERI, Druce, A. M. N. H. (6) iv, p. 86 ‘1 Napata walkeri, Amps., 1. c. p. 407. Range. Costa Rica; PANAMA; MExico. From Verdant Vale in Dec. 1895 (S. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 119 NAPATA BROADWAYI, Schaus, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., iv, p. 130 (1896). Napata broadwayi, Hmps., |. c. p. 413. Range. IGNOTUS. From Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway). CYANOPEPLA SUBMACULA, WIk., Cat. Het., 1, p. 214 (1854). Cyanopepla submacula, Hmps., |. c. p, 444. Range. VENEZUELA; GUATEMALA ; PANAMA. One specimen at rest on a leaf of an Orange tree in the Botanical Gardens (W. J. Kaye). ACLYTIA HEBER, Cram., Pap. Exot., iii, pl. 287, A (1780). Aclytia heber, Hmps., 1. c. p. 457. Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; CUBA; GUIANA; BRAZIL. EUCEREON CINCTUM, Schaus., Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., iv, p. 134 (1896). Hucereon cinctum, Hmps., |. c. p. 486. Range. AMAZON. The type specimen was described from Trinidad Botanical Gardens (W. H. Broadway). EUCEREON ROSINUM, WIk., Cat. Het., 1, 270 (1854). Hucercon rosinum, Hmps., |. ec. p. 492. Range. VENEZUELA; Mexico; Brazit, Rio. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). EUCEREON HYALINUM, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 11.) Collar yellowish-red. Patagia ochreous-brown striped with black. Tegule black. Abdomen black ; on the 5th, 6th and 7th segments are narrow bands of erimson, slightly obscured in the middle by the general colour of the abdomen. Forewing very dark blackish- brown with the veins somewhat lighter; on the outer margin, between veins 2, 3, and 3, 4, are buff-coloured spots, coalescing so as 120 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preluminary Catalogue of the to form a blotch ; within each spot is an elongated black mark ; in the middle of the cell is a large square patch of the same colour. Hindwing with the middle portion semi-transparent with a bluish tinge ; a broad marginal black band widest at the anal angle. Expanse 38 millim. Taken at Verdant Vale in Dec. 1895 (S. Kaye). EUCEREON LATIFASCIA, W1k., vii, 1639 (1856). Eucereon latifascia, Hmps., |. c. p. 498. Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; VENEZUELA. Verdant Vale in Dec. (S. Kaye). EUCEREON MAIA, Druce, Biol. Cent. Am. Het., i, p. 86, pl. 9, f. 13 (1884). Eucereon maia, Hmps., |. c. p. 499. Range. Costa RIca. At Tabaquite m April (#2. W. Urich). Family ARCTIAD. Subfamily LJ7THOSIANA. ANTONA DIFFINIS, Wlk., xxxi, 105 (1864). Range. BRITISH GUIANA; BRAZIL. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). THYONE MELANOCERA, Schaus, J., N. Y. Ent. Soc., vii, p: 217-899): Range. Unknown. In Schaus Coll. (W. £. Broadway). CHIONOSIA APICALIS, sub. sp., Zell., Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges., Wien. xxiv, p. 424, pl. 12, f. 1. (1874). Range. BRAZIL. In Schaus coll. (W. #. Broadway). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 121 Subfamily ARCTIAN AZ, IDALUS DAGA, Dognin., Le naturaliste, 15 Mai (1891), p. 123. Range. ECUADOR. From Verdant Vale in Dec. 1895 (S. Kaye). EUPSEUDOSOMA INVOLUTUM, Sepp., Surin. Vlind., iii, t. 115 (1852). Range. BRAZIL. In the National Collection. RuHIPHA LAODAMIA, Druce, Biol. Cent. Am. Het., 1, p. 90, n. 2. t. 9, f. 20 (1884). fiange. PANAMA. In the National Collection. MELESE INCERTUS, Wlk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. iii, p. 716 (1855). Range. BRAZIL. In the National Collection. ECPANTHERIA ABSCONDENS, Oberth., Etudes d’Ent., vi, p. 106, t. 12, f. 7 (1881). Range. MEXIco. In the National Collection. THALESA SERUBA, H. S., Ausser. Eur. Schmett., f. 280 (1855). Range. Mexico; AMAZONS. In the National Collection. PH#GOPTERA LAUDIA, Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon. (1890), p- 497. Range. VENEZUELA. In the National Collection. — 122 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the AGOREA PELLUCIDA, Sepp., (Bomb. P.) Surin. Vlind, ui, t. 76 (1848). Range. BRAZIL; GRENADA; MExIco; (GUIANA. Verdant Vale in Dec. 1895 (S. Kaye). AMMALO CHRYSOGASTER, WIk., (Hal. C.) Cat. Het., p. 312 (1864). Range. MEXx1co ; COLOMBIA. In the National Collection. DEIOPEIA ORNATRIX, Linn., Syst. Nat., i, p. 511, n. 80 (1758). Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; VENEZUELA; BRAZIL; West InprEs ;. ECUADOR, Maraval Valley (C. W. Eilacombc). Family NOCTUID. KUPLEXIA APAMEOIDES, Guen., Noct., i, p. 229. Range. BERMUDA; JAMAICA; BRAZIL, 8. Paulo. In the National Collection. EUPLEXIA SUTOR, Guen., Noct., i, p. 231. ‘ Range. BRAZIL; ARGENTINE; BARBADOES; GRENADA. 3 In Coll. Kaye. JUNCARIA UNICOLORATA, n.sp. (Plate V, fig. 21.) | Range. COLOMBIA, Sta. Martha. Forewing pale buff-coloured with some darker scales dispersed over the wing; discoidal spot small distinct black; a similar black spot lies wholly within the cell; margin with a series of black spots. Hindwing similarly coloured but without any darker scaling ; the marginal black spots very distinct. Expanse 32 millim. Taken in May at Tabaquite (W.J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 123 THYRIA AMGNITA, Cram., pl. 312, f. D. Range. S. AMERICA (? portion). Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PHRYGIONIS QUADRILINEA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 17.) Forewing light ochreous shaded with darker pinkish-brown ; three metallic blue stripes cross the wing from the costa to the inner margin, the first of these is succeeded and the second and third preceded by a dark brown line of which the first two run almost parallel, whilst the third stripe for a short distance before reaching the inner margin approximates to the metallic stripe ; subterminal line silvery and barely reaching down to inner margin. Hindwing of same colour ; the costal half paler with the apex black. Expanse 30 millim. At Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); Tabaquite (7. W. Urich). fange. AMAZONS, Gurupa (4. #. Austen). _DROBEDA SUBRUFESCENS, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 14.) Forewing pale brown; a large darker brown rectangular apical patch occupies almost one quarter the area of the wing, and is bounded by the vein enclosing the cell and the termination of vein 4 on outer margin ; discoidal spot very indistinct not darker than the ground colour; indications of transverse lines are present on the costa the third of which is duplicated and darker. Hindwing unicolourous dark brown with somewhat of a coppery tinge. Expanse 29 millim. St. Verdant Vale in November (S. Kaye). AEDIA TRINIDADENSIS, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 3.) Forewing with the basal half very dark brown terminated by a still darker broad stripe ; about midway between the base and the dark stripe is a dark wedge-shaped mark running up from the inner margin; marginal half of wing grey suffused with lighter brown, the inner portion paler, at the extreme apex paler still. Hindwing pearly-white ; costa dark brown; a very broad marginal blackish brown band ; central spot black. Expanse 30 millim. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); Tabaquite (7. W. rich) Nors.—There is no other New World species in this genus, but the above appears to be congeneric with Aedia. 124 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the HOMOPTERA VIRIDANS, Guen., vii, p. 13. Range. GRENADA; St. DomINGo; DOMINICA. In the National Collection. XYLIS BIDENS, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 1.) Forewing much mottled with various shades of brown; on the inner margin close to base is a short pale tooth-like mark ; near this mark is a short very dark brown line which starts broad and terminates sharply just before cell ; from thence to the costa isa very much paler much serrated line ; a sbort pale line starts on the costa just above angle of cell and terminates at vein 9 close to end of cell ; a bold submarginal line traverses the wing and is deeply toothed between veins 3 and 4 and less so between veins 6 and 7. Hindwing very dark brown, broadly margined with pale mottled brown. Expanse 43 millim. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). C@NIPETA POLYNOE, Guen., vil, p. 31. Range. AMAZONS. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Noctua STRIX, Linn., Syst. Nat., iv, p. 833. Range. MExico; BRAZIL. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). LETIS ALAUDA, Guen., vil, p. 154. Range. PANAMA; AMAZONS. Tabaquite (W.J. Kaye). LETIS HERCYNA, Drury., 11, pl. 24, f. 1. Range. AMAZONS; PANAMA; JAMAICA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); also in National Collection. LETIS MAGNA, Karsten., Mus. Lesk., p. 100—2, 291 (1789). Range. AMAZONS. In the National Collection. Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trindad. 125 LETIS MYCERINA, Cram., Pap. Exot., pl. 172, B. Range. PaNAMA; St. DOMINGO; GRENADA; St. LUCIA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). SYRNIA IPHIANASSE, Cram., pl. 172, A. Range. UNKNOWN. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); also in National Collection. EREBUS ODORATUM, Linn., Syst. Nat., x, p. 505. Range. St. Lucta; JAMAICA; BRAZIL; VENEZUELA ; BRITISH GUIANA. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart); also in National Collection. BARYDIA BICRISTATA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 12.) Forewing pale brown; first line very dark blackish-brown, very uneven in thickness and much indented, starting on the costa as a large somewhat squarish blotch, from thence to vein 1 a wis formed and thence to inner margin is another rather elongated blotch ; second line showing only as faint traces hardly darker than the ground colour; third line just traceable in places, between veins 4 and 6 it is most prominent and again from 3 to inner margin ; on the costa preced- ing the third line is a semicircular blotch of darker brown and a large roundish blotch is situated between veins 4 and 6. Hindwing paler brown with some black marks which form a line from anal angle for a short distance then merging into the ground colour of the wing; on the second and third segments of abdomen are well formed conspicuous crests, that on the second segment is much the larger and is double fan-shaped. Expanse 67 millim. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). There is a co-type in National Collection taken by Broadway in Trinidad. BLosyris HELIMA, var. rengus, Poey., Cent. Cub. (1832). Range. ST. DOMINGO. In the National Collection. 126 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the PEOSINA LEONTINA, Stoll., pl. xxxiv, f 6. Range. BRAZIL. Tn the National Collection. DYSGONIA PURPURATA; n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 15.) Forewing variously shaded with purple; first line crossing the wing obliquely and of unequal thickness, more prominent towards the costa, brownish-yellow; from apex there runs a very dark almost black much curved line which meets another short line curved from the costa; on the costa within this enclosed space are three or four faint yellow spots ; there is a bold reverse curve to that whieh starts at apex, running to inner margin ; on the inner side of this line is a very broad band of purple which almost reaches the first line near inner margin and which is most remote on costa. Hindwing very dark brown; the cilia from veins 1 to 7 pale grey, from 7 to costa unicolorous with the wing. | Expanse 67 millim. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). MELIPOTIS FASCIOLARIS, Hiibn., Zutr., 443, 444. Range. St. DOMINGO; VENEZUELA ; HonpuRAS; U.S.A., BRAZIL. Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway). HERMINODES ATROSIGNATA, Walk., Cat. Het., 15, p. 1641. Range. PANAMA; VENEZUELA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). HERMINODES XANTHIPTERYGIA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 6.) Forewing ochreous-yellow finely dusted with reddish scales especially over the basal half of the wing ; discoidal blotch slightly darker than remainder of wing; there is a trace of a subterminal line indicated by three or four black dots, those between veins 4, 5 ; 5,6; and 6, 7 are most distinct ; there is also a row of well-defined subterminal dots. Expanse 33 millim. At Tabaquite in May (fF. W. Urich). — Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 127 CATAMELAS FUSCA-PURPUREA, nh. sp. (Plate V, fig. 20.) Forewing dull brownish-purple with the markings rather indis- tinct, sharply incised below apex; the lines slatish-grey ; basal line duplicated ; median line sharply angled before middle ; between these the orbicular stigma is larger and fairly distinct, the reniform stigma is very faintly outlined ; the postmedian line also faintly indicated ; beyond this a row of dots runs parallel. Hindwing with faint basal line and well-defined postmedian line, the discal stigma very large ; the row of dots beyond the postmedian line not parallel to margin as in forewing. Expanse 42 millim. In National Collection. ACANTHOLIPES INCISURA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 18.) Forewing grey rather suffused with a lilac tinge; close to the base of the costal margin is a triangularly shaped spot of purplish- black ; a short way beyond there is another similarly coloured blotch and immediately below there is a round dot of the same colour lying wholly within the cell; beyond this is a yellowish line that runs across the wing starting on the costa as a dark mark and immediately forming a sharp tooth-like bend, from there to the inner margin it is fairly straight and inclines inwards cutting the inner margin almost at the centre; there is a row of terminal black dots ; cilia scalloped. Expanse 31 millim. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). REMIGIA REPANDA, Fabr., Ent. Syst., 111, 2. p. 49 (1794). Range. BRAZIL; JAMAICA; CANADA; CENTRAL AFRICA. In the National Collection. CELIPTERA HELVINA, Guen., vil, p. 307. Range. HONDURAS; CoLOMBIA; BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). CELIPTERA FUSCILINEATA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 5.) Forewing brown with a slight reddish tinge; first line dark brown edged internally with reddish; median line replaced by two very faint indications of lines which run parallel to one another 128 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the across the wing ; third line of same colour as first and succeeded by a row of black dots ; the outer marginal portion of the wing lighter coloured than the rest. Hindwing almost unicolorous dull grey- brown. Expanse 37 millim. At Tabaquite in June (W. J. Kaye). APISTIS FELLEARIS, Hiibn., Zutr., 379—380. Range. VENEZUELA. : In the National Collection (W. #. Broadway). APISTIS GUTTILUNA, Walk., xxxiii, p. 1078. Range. BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). APISTIS EULALIA, Stoll., pl. xii, fig. 2. Range. BRAZIL. In the National Collection. PLEONECTIPTERA PANCULA, WIk., Cat. Het., xv, p. 1838. Range. HONDURAS ; GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye); also in National Collection. BENDIS FORMULARIS, Hiibn., Zutr. H., 903, 904. Range. JAMAICA; ST. DoMINGO ; St. VINCENT; Hon- DURAS; DOMINICA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye); also in National Collection. AMPHIGONIA POSTPONENS, W1k., xv, p. 1856. Range, GRENADA; BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). MARTHAMA SQUAMIVARIA, WIk., xv, p. 1631. Range. BRAZIL; PANAMA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 129 Genus PARVAPENNA, nov. Type, P. sentalas. Proboscis well developed, rather short ; palpi porrect, extending beyond frons about the width of the collar, heavily scaled with the third joint very short and naked just appearing out of the heavy sealing of the second joint; antenne boldly pectinated to tip. Forewing narrow, the costa almost straight, the termen slightly rounded ; vein 3 well before angle of cell, 5 nearer 4 than 6, 8 and 9 stalked. Hindwing with vein 8 anastomosing with 7 well beyond base, 7 from upper angle of cell. Fore tibiz with well developed spurs. PARVAPENNA SENTALIS, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 7.) Forewing pinkish-ochreous with two apical streaks, the inner one is the darker and wider of the two and terminates at less than one-third from base ; the outer one commences slightly below the extreme apex and terminates at less than two-thirds from base ; a minute discoidal spot and a second similar spot near the inner angle of the cell; a row of minute dots precedes the somewhat yellowish subterminal line. Hindwing cream-coloured with a row of marginal dots. Underside of forewing dusky. Expanse 22 millim. Taken in May at Tabaquite ( W. Urich). Range. PANAMA. DAGASSA JARRUANA, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 66 (1879). Range. AMAZONS. Tabaquite ; also in National Collection (W. J. Kaye). ORSA PERUSTA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 22.) Forewing very dark black-brown ; the first line and the elbowed line form the margins of an even darker fascia ; immediately within the first line is a small inconspicuous dark ring ; the large discoidal blotch is ochreous-brown and is present in some individuals only ; beyond the elbowed line is a very indistinct slatish coloured serrated line ; in the marginal portion of the wing are some varying patches 130 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the of dark ochreous-brown. Hindwing as forewing with only a trace of a first line. Expanse 30 millim. Types in National Collection. fange. AMAZONS. ORSA MULTUSTA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 16.) Forewing ochreous-yellow finely dusted with reddish scales especially over the basal half; discoidal blotch slightly darker than rest of wing; there is a trace of a subterminal line indicated by three or four black dots, those between veins 4, 5; 5, 6, and 6, 7 are most distinct ; there is also a row of well-defined subterminal dots. Expanse 33 millim, At Tabaquite in May (F. W. Urich). ORSA TENUATA, n.s.p. (Plate VI, fig. 26.) Forewing very pale yellowish-brown with the markings darker ; a pale well-defined fascia traverses the wing and includes the darker- coloured yellowish-brown discoidal spot, which appears somewhat rectangular ; the outer line that borders the fascia very much serrated and partly duplicated in the upper portion ; towards the inner margin there is a patch of darker colour; in the marginal portion of the wing are some scattered darker markings, but not sufficient to suffuse the ground colour of wing. Hindwing similar to forewing. Expanse 21 millim. Type in National Collection from Trinidad. CAPNODES CONCINNULA, WIk., xxxiii, 1074 (1865). Capnodes distacta, Hmpsn., Trans. Ent. Soc., 1898, p. 254, pl. 17, f. 19. Range. DOMINICA; GRENADA; BRAZIL, Rio Janeiro. In the National Collection. CAPNODES LAMIDA, Druce, Biol. Cent. Amer. Het.,1, p. 399, pl. xxxiu, f. 10. Range. GUATEMALA; PANAMA; ECUADOR. In coil. Druce. Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 131 MASSALA SOBRIA, WIk., xxxiii, p. 1045. Range. PANAMA. In National Collection. HOMOPYRALIS PARVIQUADRATA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 13.) Forewing deep black-brown with a violet tinge; from base to two-thirds the length of costa ochreous-yellow ; a large brownish- black patch close to base commencing immediately below costal stripe and terminating on inner margin; at less than two-thirds from base is another elongated rectangular dark patch commencing just before the termination of the costal stripe ; following this are four or five distinct white dots. Hindwing dull dark brown; at the anal angle are two dark and one pale short yellowish lines. Expanse 19 millim. At Tabaquite in June (W. J. Kaye). HoOMOPYRALIS DOTATA, WIk., xiii, p. 1067. Range. PANAMA; BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). YRIAS YPSILON, Butl., Trans, Ent. Soc. (1879), p. 64. Range. AMAZONS. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). MACRODES GYGES, Cram., pl. 102, fig. B. Range. VENEZUELA. In National Collection. MACRODES CYNARA, Cram., pl. 15, figs. C and D. Range. JAMAICA; BRAZIL. In National Collection. MACRODES COLUMBALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 14. Range. VENEZUELA; BRAZIL. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PaART II. (JULY) 10 132 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the Subfamily DELTOIDINZ. RENIA M&RA, Druce, Biol. Centr. Am. Het., 1, p. 448, pl. xxxvi, f. 22, 23. Range. PANAMA, | Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye); also in National Collection. RENIA DISCOLORALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 82. Range. U.S. A. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). RENIA SOBRIALIS, W1k., xvi, p. 228. Range. U.S. A.; Nova Scotia. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). MEGATOMIS ANTONIA, Druce, Biol. Centr. Am. Het., 1, p. 468. Range. MEXIco. ‘Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). MEGATOMIS CYANOLEPIA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 19.) Forewing dark brown with a slight purplish tinge ; a white dot at base and another smaller bluish-white dot lying wholly within the cell ; a post-median slightly darker almost straight line with a few bluish scales near the inner margin; discoidal mark reniform in outline and margined with bluish scales; marginal area of wing slightly paler. Hindwing unicolorous dull blackish- brown. Collar ochreous; patagia purplish-brown. Abdomen, Ist segment with yellowish hairs; 2nd segment with a dark chocolate patch above with a few blue scales. Expanse 30 millim. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). ATOPOMORPHA SINGULARIS, Warren, Trans. Ent. Soe. Lond., 1889, p. 253. | Range. AMAZON. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 133 MEGACHYTA PRIASSALIS, WIk., xvi, p. 123. Range. GRENADA; St. LuctA; Dominica; St. VINCENT; PANAMA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). HIP@PA BOGUSALIS, WIk., xix, p. 863. Range. BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). BIBACTA GRISEIRENA, Hmpsn., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 255. Range. WEST INDIES; PANAMA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). HyYDRILLODES TOTAFUSCA, sp. n. (Plate V, fig. 4.) Forewing unicolorous dull blackish-brown ; ante-medial and post- medial lines dull fawn colour the latter much serrated ; a row of inconspicuous marginal black dots; cilia unicolorous with wing. Hindwing of the same colour as forewing without any markings, the veins show through rather prominently. On the underside the forewing is considerably lighter the ante-medial line clearly trace- able and the post-medial conspicuous only on costa where there is a considerable yellowish spot ; about the costal area is a sprinkling of greyish scales. The hindwing on the underside is paler with greyish scales all over; a conspicuous brown discoidal spot and two ill- defined brownish fasciz beyond the middle of the same colour. Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen unicolorous dull brown above and below. Expanse 28 millim. In National Collection (/. H. Har‘). ZANCLOGNATHA BIPUNCTATA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 1.) Forewing dirty greyish-brown with faintly darker markings ; discoidal spot distinct, black with a minute black dot just above it ; a subterminal line can be discerned as a series of faint greyish dots ; the margin with a row of black dots which are most con- spicuous about the centre and least so near tornus. Hindwing slightly darker than forewing with a broad rather paler marginal band ; some marginal dots just traceable as triangular marks. On 134 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the the underside the forewing is slightly paler, the discoidal spot dis- cernible, the minute dots invisible. Hindwing considerably paler with two post-medial brownish strongly scalloped fasciz, within the outer fascia lies a whitish scalloped line; discoidal spot just traceable. Thorax and abdomen above unicolorous with wings. Expanse 35 millim. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). BLEPTINA THERSALIS, Wlk., xvi, p. 243. Range. WEST INDIES ; VENEZUELA. In National Collection. TORTRICODES AMBIGUALIS, WIk., xxxiv, p. 1198S. Range. NORTH AMERICA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). TORTRICODES LEUCORABDOTA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 3.) Forewing leaden-coloured tinged with greyish-brown with two straight well-defined whitish bands across the wing, the first ante- medial and the second post-medial, the space between them slightly darker than the rest of wing; about midway between the post- medial line and the outer margin is a row of small yellowish dots. Hindwing from the base to beyond the cell with a broad white band running obliquely across the wing; the dark discoidal spot shows faintly through from the underside where it is conspicuous; the broad margins of the same colour as the marginal portion of the forewing. Expanse 23 millim. Taken in June at Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). HYPENA OBDITALIS, WIk., xvi, p. 48. Range. HONDURAS; AMAZONS; GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PARAMIMETICA PHTISIALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 87. Range. ST. DoMINGo ; BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). 7. = — =. 4 Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 135 PARAMIMETICA FUSCIRETICULATA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 5.) Forewing brown, much netted with paler yellowish-brown ; first line straight, well-defined and oblique; elbowed line reaching its greatest bend at vein 6; orbicular stigma round, distinct and margined with paler ; reniform stigma large, distinct and touching orbicular ; subterminal line slender very much indented ; marginal spots darker brown, elongated and hardly separately detached. Hindwing similar to forewing; discoidal stigma slightly larger than that in forewing and very distinct ; cilia brown, scalloped, within the scallops greyish. Expanse 23 millim. At Tabaquite in June (W. J. Kaye). PHYSULA NOVITATA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 8.) Forewing ochre-yellow ; first line much curved and composed of a number of dots; medial line angled before middle; discoidal spot elongated, black and almost touching the medial line at the angle ; third line distinct, much angled at veins 4 and 2; marginal area darker, darkest before middle and at tornus. Hindwing alto- gether darker, with two transverse lines, the first of which starts from the discoidal spot, which is fairly distinct, and almost as dark as that in forewing ; costa dusky brown. Expanse 24 millim. In National Collection. SANDASA MICRASTIGMA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 21.) Forewing greyish-brown shaded with purplish towards the margins; first line slightly angulated, dark brown, distinct. Medial fascia slightly darker than ground colour, sharply angled just above the dark conspicuous discoidal spot which lies wholly within the fascia; at the extreme apex of wing is a small dark dot which is sometimes wanting. Hindwing very similar to fore- wing with a conspicuous excision between veins 3 and 4; the discoidal spot lies on the inner edge of the medial stria and not within it as in the forewing. Expanse 14 millim, Range, PANAMA, In June at Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). The co-type from Panama is in the National Collection. 136 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Prelominary Catalogue of the MASTIGOPHORA LYSIZONA, Druce, Biol. Cent. Am. Het., 1, p. 441. Range. BRAzIL, Thersapolis. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PALTHIS BIZIALIS, Wlk., xix, p. 865. Ttange. GRENADA. In National Collection. Family HYPSID.. LAURONA LEUCOPHEA, WIk., Cat. Het., 11, p. 334. Range. VENEZUELA; BRAZIL. In National Collection. HYALURGA FENESTRATA, W1]k., Cat. Het., iv, p. 916. Range. BRAZIL, Rio. In National Collection (Broadway). PHALOE LORZAE, Boisd., Lép. Guat., p. 90 (1870). Range. VENEZUELA. In National Collection (Caracciolo), PERICOPIS AGLAURA, Cram., Pap. Exot., ini, i, 26, pl. 263, ff Range. VENEZUELA. (W. J. Kaye.) Family NOTODONTID A. APELA DIvisa, Wlk., Cat. Het., v, p. 1092 (1855). Range. IGNOTUS. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); Tabaquite (7. W. Urich). Hampson has included this in his Moths of India, vol. 1, p. 168, Walker having given N. India as the locality for the species. Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 137 HEMICERAS MODESTA, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 69. Range. Costa Rica; AMAZONS. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). NYSTALEA NYEuS, Cram., Pap. Exot., i, t. 75, E (1775). Range. SURINAM; PANAMA; LESSER ANTILLES. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). NYSTALEA CALOPHASIOIDES, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 2.) Forewing short, variously dashed with brown and dull red, the basal area palest ; a marginal band occupies about one-sixth of the wing, interiorly it is reddish and forms two curves remote from base, marginally it is dull brown becoming paler towards the tornus where there are some pale indistinct wavy lines running upwards ; in the lower curve of the band two dark wedge-shaped marks arise and run inwards, the lower one being much the larger; on the extreme margin is a much waved line; the inner margin of the wing except at the base is uniform brown; the cross vein of the discoidal cell is clothed with whitish scales which have a raised appearance. Hindwing dull brown of the same colour as the inner margin to forewing ; the medial portion paler. Expanse 33 millim. In National Collection (J. H. Hart). HAPIGIA OBLIQUA, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., p. 766. Range. IGNOTUS. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). The remarks under A pela divisa apply also to this species. HAPIGIA RIBBEI, Druce., Biol. Cent. Am. Het., i, p. 244, Ei 25, f. 8. Range. Mexico; PANAMA; AMAZONS. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). HETEROCAMPA EPONA, Schaus., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., May 1892, p. 335. Range. PERU. In Coll. Schaus. (W. #, Broadway). 138 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the RosEMA DEOLIS, Walk., v, p. 1170 (1855). Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; BRAZIL. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). Family SPHINGID. Subfamily 4MBULICIN. AMBULYX STRIGILIS, Linn., Mant. Plant., p. 538 (1771). Range. SoutH AMERICA; WEST INDIEs. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). Subfamily CH@ROCAMPIN 41. CHGROCAMPA TYNDARUS, Boisd., Hist. Nat., p. 264, t. 4, f. 5 (1875). Range. VENEZUELA; MEXICO. In National Collection (Capt. Clark). CH@ROCAMPA NEOPTOLEMUS, Cram., Pap. Exot., iv, PI. oO f, ae. Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; VENEZUELA; BRAZIL. Botanical Gardens (W. £. Broadway). CH@ROCAMPA TERSA, Linn., Mant. Plant., p. 538 (17 71). ftange. CENTRAL AMERICA; WEST INDIES ; BRAZIL. (C. W. Ellacombe.) ANCERYX SCYRON, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, Pl. 301, E. (Plate V, fig. 12.) Forewing burnt-brown with somewhat of a greyish tinge; be- tween veins 1,2; 2,3; and 3, 4 are blackish streaks situated well within the wing and not extending to the outer margin ; the veins towards the margin are rendered conspicuous with greyish scales ; between veins 4 and 6 the ground colour of the wing is less irrorated, becoming more so again towards the margin. Hindwing clear yellow with a narrow black border which stops short of the tornus ; cilia with some white spots at the extremities of the nervures. Patagia Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 139 warm brown with the margins finely edged with darker. Abdomen with the bases of the segments broadly grey, the upper portion almost black ; the first two segments with bunches of long hair on the central dorsal portion ; a broad brownish dorsal grey band extends te the anal segment ; on the underside creamy-white with some fine pinkish scales. Expanse 70 millim. Range. VENEZUELA ; CAYENNE. Port of Spain (Caracciolo). Subfamily SPHINGIN. PROTOPARCE RUSTICA, Fabr., Syst. Ent., p. 540, n. 15 CEn7)). Range. TROPICAL and Sus-TROPICAL AMERICA. In Coll. Druce. PROTOPARCE OcHUS, Klug., Neue Schmett., t. 3, f. 2 (1836). ftange. MExico; Honpuras. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). PROTOPARCE PAPHUS, Stoll, Pap. Exot,, ili, t. 216, B (1779). Range. GUIANA; BRAZIL; BARBADOS. In Coll. Schaus. (W. Z. Broadway). PSEUDOSPHINX TETRIO, Linn., Mant. Plant., p. 538 (1771). Range. TRopicAL AMERICA; West INDIES. St. Ann’s Valley (W. J. Kaye). DILUDIA FLORESTAN, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, t. 894, B (1782). Range. BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). DILOPHONOTA ELLO, Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 491, n. 11 (1758). Tange. CENTRAL and S, AMERICA. Botanical Gardens (W. EL. Broadway). 140 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the Subfamily ILACROGLOSSIN &. ENYO GORGON, Cram., Pap. Exot., u, t. 142, E. _ Range. TROPICAL and SuB-TROPICAL AMERICA. Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway). ENnyo Lucupris, Linn., Mant. Plant., p. 537 (1771). Range. TROPICAL and SuB-TRopicaL AMERICA ; WEST INDIES. Port of Spain (W. J. Kaye). EUPYRRHOGLOSSUM CECULUS, Cram., Pap. Exot., 1i, t. 146, G 7t#). Range. CENTRAL AMERICA; BRAZIL. In Coll. Kaye (C. W. Ellacombe). ZELLOPUS SISYPHUS, Burm., Sphing. Braz., p. 17 (1855). Range. BRAZIL. In Coll. Schaus. Family SATURNIADA.. ARSENEURA ERYTHRIN&, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., 156 (1632). Range. GUATEMALA; BraziL; Costa Rica; VENE- ZUELA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). ATTACUS HESPERUS, Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 495 (1758). Range. BRAZIL; GUATEMALA. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). ATTACUS ERYCINA, Shaw, Nat. Misc., vi, t. 230 (1797). Range. BRAZIL; St. VINCENT; WEST INDIEs. In the National Collection. Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 141 AUTOMERIS IRENE, Cram., Pap. Exot., 111, t. 249. Range. COLUMBIA; BRAZIL. In the National Collection. AUTOMERIS ERISICHTON, Boisd., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belge., Xvili, p. 218 (1875). Range. VENEZUELA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). Nore.—The two specimens from Trinidad have the first line extra-angulated near the costa and also more excurved near the inner margin. In view of the fact that there is only a single speci- men in the National Collection for comparison it seems undesirable to describe another species on account of this. AUTOMERIS OBLONGA, WIkK., vi, p. 1296 (1855). Range. GRENADA; WEST INDIES ; COLOMBIA. In the National Collection. AUTOMERIS JANUS, Cram., Pap. Exot., i, t. 64, A, B (1775). Range. MExico; HoNDURAS; GUATEMALA. In the National Collection. MOLIpPA SABINA, Wlk., Cat. Het., vi, p. 1845 (1855). Range. MEXICO; BRAZIL. In the National Collection. DIRPHIA SPECIOSA, Cram., Pap. Exot., t. 107, B (1779). Range. BRITISH GUIANA; BRAZIL. | In the National Collection. oe ORMISCODES GIS, Cram., Pap. Exot., i, t. 30, F. (1775). fiange. MEXxIco; BRAZIL. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). ORMISCODES AVIA, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, pl. 8307, A (1780). ftange. Unknown. Tn the National Collection. . 142 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the Family CERATOCAMPIDA. CITHERONIA MEXICANA, Grote and Rob., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. York, vii, p. 382, t. 13, f. 1. Range. MEXxIco. Maraval Valley (W. J. Kaye). The occurrence of this species is remarkable, there can hardly be a doubt as to its identity. CITHERONIA MAGNIFICA, Wlk., Cat. Het., vi, p. 13873 (1855). Range. Braziz; Nicaragua; Mexico. In the National Collection. Family EUPTEROTID. APATELODES BASIFULVA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 17.) Forewing yellow, much dusted with fulvous ; first line and post- medial line darker, well defined, the post-medial much angulated at vein 5; discoidal spot distinct ; between the first line and base the portion is filled up with irrorated fulvous, and within the patch is a faint indication of another line parallel with that forming the termination of the darker patch ; margins paler with a well-defined scalloped marking traversing the sub-marginal area of the wing ; immediately before the apex is a small darker patch extending down to vein 5. Hindwing paler yellow with medial line, darker near the discoidal cross vein, the two lines uniting at the lower angle of the cell. Taken in June (W. J. Kaye). There is a co-type in National Collection. TARCHON CUPREA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 11.) Forewing shining coppery-brown ; between veins 6 and 7, close to margin of wing, is an elongated cream-coloured mark ; discoidal spot darker than ground colour and shaped somewhat triangularly ; a faint indication of a line runs beyond the middle from the costa to inner margin, in the ¢ this is nearly straight from vein 4, but in the ¢ is considerably less so; from the costa to vein 4 in both sexes the line is indented. Hindwing of the same colour with a Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 143 slightly darker central band followed by a fairly distinct line which forms a continuation of the line of the forewing. Expanse 52-60 millim. Taken by J. H. Hart. There are six specimens in the National Collection from which the description is derived. Family GEOMETRID.. Subfamily BOARMIIN 4. CENOTHALIA PERRUBRA, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 8.) Forewing deep rich mahogany-red with two somewhat lighter small patches between veins 1, 2 and 4, 5, immediately above which, situated on the vein itself, is a small yellow dot ; a similar dot is placed on vein 1 about midway from base ; the costa broadly pale cream-coloured much irrorated with black but the extreme tip is unspotted, the pale stripe stretches across the thorax and collar and is there also unspotted ; two not very decided streaks of purplish traverse the wing about the middle. Hindwing unicolorous with forewing ; a paler short streak runs up from the outer margin between veins 4 and 6; situated between veins 2, 3 and 3, 4 are respectively two small round black dots placed a short distance from the margin. Expanse 50 millim. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). CHRYSOCESTIS FIMBRIARIA, Cram., Pap. Exot., iv, 112, pl. 348, f. C. Range. AMAZONS; HONDURAS; COLUMBIA. (CF. W. Urich.) PHRYGIONIS PRIVIGNARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., i, p. 401. Range. HONDURAS. In National Collection. SEMIOTHISA TRANSVISATA, Guen., Uran and Phal., ii, p. 71. Range. BRAZIL; PANAMA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye), also in National Collection. 144 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the SEMIOTHISA AMULATARIA, W1k., xxi, p. 884. Range. TEXAS; FLORIDA; WASHINGTON STATE. In National Collection. The specimen is considerably worn. It is probable from the range of S. wmulataria that this is another species. SEMIOTHISA LIMBULARIA, Hiibn., Zutr., p. 179, 180. Range. JAMAICA. In National Collection. SEMIOTHISA ARENISCA, Dogn., Ann. Soc. Ent., Belgique, tom. xiv, 1896, p. 145. Range. ECUADOR. Arima (S. Kaye). FLAVINIA OSIRIS, Cram., Pap. Exot., 11, 28, pl. 115, f. BE. Range. VENEZUELA. Maraval Valley (C. W. Hilacombe). SYRRHODIA DECREPITARIA, Hiibn., Samml. Exot. Schmett., i 20 186. 115 See. Range. BRazit; St. Dominco; HonpuRAs; St. VIN- CENT. (W. £. Broadway.) DREPANODES TROGONARIA, H. 8S. Auss. Sch., T. 94, f. 535. Range. BRAZIL. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). PARACHOREUTES SUBPURPUREA, Warr., Nov. Zool., iv, p. 417 (1897). | Range. Rio DeMERARA; BRITISH GUIANA. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 145 PATALENE ACUTA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 13.) Forewing rich ochreous, darker towards tornus and considerably irrorated with blackish ; an oblique slightly curved darker line commencing just before apex traverses the wing and terminates beyond the middle on the inner margin ; situated on this line are placed at intervals small elongated dots of greyish-white ; a large conspicuous blotch occupies the area at tornus; there is a faint indication of a darker ante-medial line ; discoidal dot small, black ; hindwing similar to forewing, the pale dots on the transverse line less distinct than on forewing; beyond the medial line the wing is much darker with more of a brownish tint similar in shade to tornus of forewing. Underside of both wings paler and darker towards the hind margins; the transverse line on the forewing very distinct ; on the hindwing the line is almost obliterated. Expanse 43 millim. In National Collection, taken by Lady Broome. APICIA ALTERARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., 1, p. 83. Range. VENEZUELA. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). MUCRONODES MINOA, Druce, Biol. Centr. Am. Het., u1, p. 47, t. 44, f. 17. | Range. PANAMA. (W. J. Kaye.) AZELINA EXQUISITATA, Thierry-Mieg., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1894, p. 57. Range. ECUADOR. From Arima (S. Kaye). THYSANOPYGA APICITRUNCARIA, H. S. Auss. Schmett., £2536. Range. URucuAy; Panama; Sr. Dominco; VENE- ZUELA. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). 146 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the THYSANOPYGA NICETARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., ii, p. 107. Range. HAItri. From Arima (S. Kaye). BISTON OPPOSITARIA, Wlk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxi, p. 361. Range. VENEZUELA. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). — GAZENA HYPOMELAS, n. sp. (PI. VI, fig. 18.) Forewing greenish-grey strongly irrorated with blackish and having the appearance of lichen; an ante-medial darker fascia tinged with pinkish towards the inner margin and bordered by a fairly distinct black line which is strongly elbowed within the cell; a second similar fascia without any pinkish coloration commences on costa equidistant from base and apex and after curving out beyond the cell reaches the inner margin at half distance from base as on costa ; beyond is a dotted line almost following the curve of the fascia but rather more remote on costa; radiating from these dots are some blotches of pink ; on the margin there is a distinct row of black dots ; discoidal spot blackish. Hindwing similar in coloration and markings to forewing but without any trace of markings ; discoidal spot very distinct, black. Expanse 35 millim. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). MELANCHROIA EXPOSITATA, Wlk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxv, p. 1461. Range. TRopICAL AMERICA; WeEsT INDIES. Botanical Gardens (J. H. Hart). Subfamily ACIDALIAN 4, JORRHGA PYRAUSTARIA, Guen., Phal., i, p. 429 (1857). Range. BRAZIL; St. VINCENT (W.I.). (W. J. Kaye; F&F. W. Urich.) HyYRIA DEPORTARIA, WIk., xxui, p. 673. Range. VENEZUELA. (F. W. Urich.) Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trimdad. 147 APICIA ALTERARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., 1, p. 83. Range. CAYENE. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). Subfamily GHOMETRIN 4. CHLORINTHIA PULCHERRIMA, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc., 1881, p. 342. Range. AMAZON. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). GELASMA HYPERYTHRARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., i, p. 386. Range. BRAZIL. Tabaquite (7. W. Urich). CENOSPILA TENUILINEA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 16.) Forewing rather dull grass-green ; a whitish slightly curved basal line and a very greatly festooned post-medial whitish line, the apices of the festoons prominently white ; discoidal spot blackish ; cilia yellowish-white barred with pale brownish but not con- spicuously so; the extreme edge of the costa satiny-white. Hind- wing as forewing but the discoidal spot much less conspicuous. Antenne with the shaft white. Expanse 34 millim. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). DICHORDA URICHA,n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 6.) Forewing unicolorous pea-green. Hindwing at the extreme base green, followed by a broad area of lemon-yellow which runs up into the end of the cell; lying wholly within the cell is a very small reddish-brown blotch; bordering the irregularly shaped yellow patch the colour is a dull purplish-red and rather suffused ; an irregular somewhat cross-shaped patch of yellow is situated beyond the cross vein of the cell ; the broad marginal portion of the wing green as in the forewing; fringes to both wings pale greenish without any spots whatever. Expanse 20 millim. Tabaquite (2. W. Urich). TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART Il. (JULY) I1 148 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the RACHEOSPILA SIGILLARIA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., i, Pp. oto. Range. DOMINICA; BRAZIL. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). RACHEOSPILA EXPULSATA, Wlk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxu, p.cbOb. s | | Range. AMAZON. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). RACHEOSPILA UNDULOSA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 23.) Forewing very delicate pale green; costa white; very slender much waved ante- and post-medial indistinct white lines ; discoidal spot a minute black dot. Hindwing precisely as forewing ; cilia to both wings white, preceded by a very slender reddish line. Abdomen with four or five distinct white patches. Expanse 17 millim. ‘Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). HETEREPHYRA SUBRUBRA, un. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 19.) Forewing brick-red, sometimes with a brownish tinge, with the transverse lines darker ; the basal line slightly waved ; the medial line strongly angulated at vein 2; the space between these two lines slightly darker; the post-medial line very much waved, the wing beyond this being again darker ; lying within this latter space are several indistinct whitish dots edged internally with obscure blackish ; discoidal spots white edged internally with black ; the underside much paler with only the post-medial line showing. Hindwing above similar to forewing; the discoidal spot wholly black and lying either within, without, or on a feebly defined blackish line ; the post-medial line much indented near anal angle, and also in a less degree nearer costa, but very variable. Expanse 28 millim. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Subfamily LARENTIAN A. PSALIODES ACIDALIOIDES, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 9.) Forewing brownish cream-coloured; very near the base is a black line most conspicuous on the costa ; a broad blackish fascia strongly Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 149 angulated at the origin of vein 4 internally, and rather less so externally on vein 6; between the costa and these two points the band is much the widest and best defined ; discoidal dot black ; a dark cream patch on the costa beyond the fascia ; some dark blackish suffusion towards outer margin. Hindwing similar ; a broad basal fascia composed of several black-irrorated lines ; no dusky suffusion on margin, ’ Expanse 15 millim. In National Collection (J. H. Hart). Gren. ARIMA, nov. Proboscis well developed; palpi porrect, the 3rd joint to well beyond frons, half as long as 2nd and naked ; 2nd joint clothed with stiff hair. Antenne simple, rather short, barely longer than half costa ; hind tibiz with short spurs. Abdomen in @ not reaching beyond secondaries. Forewing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell, vein 3 almost straight ; vein 5 equidistant from 4 and 6; 8 and 9 and 10 given off from 7 ; vein 5 extending into cell as a veinlet ; a slight fold in the wing between 4 and 5; a branch veinlet within the cell coincides with this fold at cross vein of cell. Hindwing, vein 2 from 3rds from base of cell; 3 before end of cell ; 4 from angle ; 6 and 7 on a long stalk; 8 soon after leaving base anastomoses with 7 for a considerable distance. ARIMA ISOLATA, sp.n. (Plate VI, fig. 25.) Forewing lightish olive-green with black markings ; four toler- ably well-defined lines traverse the wing ; the basal line consider- ably angled in middle ; second line composed of a costal patch, a somewhat elongated mark lying within the cell and an ill-defined patch on the inner margin ; situated between this line and the post- medial line on the costa is a well-defined black mark ; the post-medial line, clearly defined on costa, very slender, composed of dark dots to vein 2 and thence to inner margin with an irregular patch of black; a fourth line commences with three distinct spots and then by an indefinite number of marks is continued to the inner margin ; dis- coidal spot black, elongated. Hindwing orange-yellow with a rather narrow grey marginal band, the orange colouring continued to margin between veins 3 and 4. Underside of both wings orange; a large blackish patch at apex of forewing. Expanse 30 millim. From Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). 150 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the Subfamily @NOCHROMINAL. |. EPHIALTIAS TRYMA, Schaus., Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc., iv, p.154. Range. AMAZONS. Maraval Valley (C. W. Ellacombe). MECOCERAS NITOCRIS, Cram., Pap. Exot., i1, 148, pl. 975, fA. | Range. BRAZIL; VENEZUELA; CENTRAL AMERICA. In National Collection (Lady Broome); Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PHELLINODES RUBEDINARIA, WIk., xxv, p. 1464. Range. HONDURAS. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). Family URANIAD/E. Subfamily HPICOPEIAN 2. MANIA (SZMATURA) EMPEDOCLARIA, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., 290, 2814: Range. BRAZIL. Maraval Valley (C. W. Eilacombe). MANIA (SEMATURA) ACTHON, Feld., Taf., exxi, f. 5. Range. HONDURAS. Maraval Valley (C. W. Ellacombe). Subfamily HEPIPLEMIN A. SCHIDAX SQUAMMARIA, Hiibn.; Zutr., pp. 161, 162. Range. BRAZIL. In National Collection (W. #. Broadway), and in Schaus Collection. EPIPLEMA INCOLORATA, Guen., Uran. and Phal., u1, p. 37. Range. HONDURAS; BRAZIL; ECUADOR. In National Collection. 4 ™* Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 151 Family PYRALIDAL. Subfamily CRAMLIN A. DIATREA SACCHARALIS, Fabr., Ent. Syst., 1, 2, p. 238. Range. COLOMBIA; HoNDURAS; BRAZIL; VENE- ZUELA; U.S.A.; West INDIES. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Often introduced with Sugar Cane. DIATR@A CANELLA, Hmps., A. M. N. H., (6) xvi, p 349. Range. BRAZIL, Castro Parana; GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PLATYTES DIVISELLA, WIk., xxxv, p. 1765. Range. COLOMBIA; BRAZIL, Sao Paulo. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Subfamily SCHUNOBIAN i. SCIRPOPHAGA ALBINELLA, Cram., Pap. Exot., pl. 372, f. D. Kange. GUIANA; Brazit, Amazons; PANAMA; GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). | Subfamily PH YOITIN. HYPSIPYLA GRANDELLA, Zell., Isis, 1848, p. 881. Range. BRAZIL, Rio Janeiro. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Subfamily CHRYSANGIN 4. SALOBRENA EXCISANA, Wlk., Cat. Het., xxviii, p. 446. Range. Brazit, Hea; PANAMA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). CARCHA HERSILIALIS, WIk., Cat. Het., xvii, p. 282. Range. HonpuraAs; Panama; Sr. DOMINGO. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). 152 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the MICROZANCLA IGNITALIS, Hmps., P. Z.S. 1897, p. 668. Lange. BRAZIL, Rio, Sao Paulo. Tabaquite (F. W. Urich). CAPHYS BILINEA, Wlk., Cat. Het., xxvu, p. 13. Range. HONDURAS; BRAZIL, Amazons; GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). BONCHIS SCOPARIOIDES, W1k., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (8) 1, p. 128. Lange. BRAZIL. GALASA RUBIDANA, WIk., Cat. Het., xxxv, p. 1802. (Plate VI, fig. 24.) Range. U.S.A.; JAMAICA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Norr.—The Trinidad insect may prove to be distinct from G. rubidana as the marginal spots to the forewing are yellow, while those in the above are black. EPITAMYRA BISECTALIS, Hmps., P.Z.S. 1897, p. 686. Range. JAMAICA; ST. Lucia. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). CHRYSAUGE FLAVELATA, Cram., Pap. Exot., iv, pl. 348, p. ses Range. VENEZUELA ; BRAZIL, Para. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Subfamily PYRALLV.Z. PYRALIS NIGRAPUNCTA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 15.) Forewing dull reddish-chocolate; first line blackish edged with yellowish ; medial line absent ; post-medial line blackish edged with yellowish; the first and post-medial lines bound a broad fascia which occupies fully half the wing area; discoidal spot distinct, black ; marginal portion of wing deeper coloured ; cilia yellow. Hindwing same colour as outer marginal portion of fore- wing ; cilia yellow. Expanse 17 millim. In June at Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 153 MAPETA XANTHOMELAS, W1k., Cat. Het., xxvii, p. 17. Range. COLOMBIA; VENEZUELA; JAMAICA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). AULACODES PSYLLALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 258. Range. GRENADA. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye); Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway). DIATHRAUSTA NERINALIS, Wlk., Cat. Het., xix, p. 928. fiange. Wrest INDIES; PANAMA; Ecuapor. In National Collection. STENIA SAPONALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 243. Range. PANAMA. In National Collection (7. W. Urich). Subfamily PYRAUSTIN 4. NEUROPHYSETA CALLA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 14.) Forewing yellow and orange ; first line slightly curved ; second line absent ; third line much curved ; these ante-medial and post- medial lines form the limitations of an obscure fascia ; immediately preceding apex and at tornus are darker patches of orange. Huind- wing similarly coloured to forewing; a large tuft of loose long scales situated at the base. Head and thorax white. Expanse 13 millim. Taken at Tabaquite in June (W. J. Kaye). DESMIA TAGES, Cram., Pap. Exot., 11, p. 2, pl. 97, f. D. Range. St. DoMInco ; CuBA; Brazin, Ega. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). LEUCOCHROMA MELUSINALIS, WIk., xviii, p. 492. Range. VENEZUELA. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). 154 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the SYNGAMIA RUBROCINCTALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 199. Range. PANAMA ; HONDURAS. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). SYNGAMIA CASSIDALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 199. Range. WEST INDIES; BRAZIL. In National Collection. SYNGAMIA TYTIUSALIS, Walk., xviii, p. 605. Range. HONDURAS; PANAMA; Brazit, 8S. Paulo; DoMINICA. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). SAMEA ECCLESIALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 194, pl. 6, f. 7. Range. BRazIL, Amazon; VENEZUELA; HONDURAS; ECUADOR ; GRENADA. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PILOCROCIS PLUMBILINEA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 4.) Forewing dull ochreous-brown ; ante-medial line strongly curved ; medial line, present only near inner margin the upper portion being replaced by the discoidal spot which is V-shaped and dark brown ; post-medial line much indented, especially towards costa. Hindwing slightly paler than forewing ; an ante-medial line, hardly traceable on costa, is terminated on inner margin by a con- spicuous patch ; a minute black dot within the cell; margins of both wings with marginal dots. Expanse 27 millims. At Tabaquite in June, several specimens (W. J. Kaye). PILOCROCIS DRYALIS, W1k., xviii, p. 573. Range. JAMAICA; St. DoMINGO; GRENADA; Mexico. At Tabaquite.(W. J. Kaye). PILOCROCIS LIBERALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 350. Range. PANAMA ; BRAZIL, At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 155 PILOCROCIS INFUSCALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 350. Range. St. DomMiInco ; COLOMBIA; BRAZIL. Botanical Gardens (W. #. Broadway) ; Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). CONCHYLODES PLATINALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 282. Range. BRAZIL, Para; VENEZUELA. Botanical Gardens (W. HL. Broadway); Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PHRYGANODES PROLONGALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 353. Range. St. Dominco; JAMAICA; BRAZIL; GRENADA. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). MESOCONDYLA CONCORDALIS, Hiib., Ziitr.,. vi, 3, 13, 1 ff. 1-4, Range. BRAZIL; WEST INDIES. In National Collection (7. W. Urich). NACOLEIA LACERTALIS, Guen,, Delt. and Pyr., p. 244. Range. BRAzIL, Esperitu Santo. At Tabaquite (2. W. Urich). SYLEPTA AMANDO, Cram., Pap. Exot., iii, p. 92, pl. 247, f, E. Range. VENEZUELA; BRAZIL, Amazons. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). SYLEPTA FLAVIPENNIS, n. sp. (Plate V, fig. 7.) Forewing light orange-yellow ; a black spot near base on costa ; first line commencing as a similar black spot and then continued of a brownish colour; discoidal spot almost black, triangularly shaped ; the post-medial line unicolorous throughout its length and terminating at vein 2; from vein 2, much more remote from outer margin, is a short line of the same colour that runs down to inner margin. Hindwing of the same colour of forewing. Forelegs white ringed with black below femur. Expanse 31 millim. From Tabaquite (2. W. Urich). 156 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preliminary Catalogue of the SYLEPTA MATUTINALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 195. Range. ST. VINCENT; BRAzIL, Amazons. At Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). LYGROPIA BIPUNCTALIS, Hmpsn., A.M.N.H. (6), xvi, p. 334. Range. Botanical Gardens (W. EL. Broadway). LEIOPASIA DORSALIS, Hmpsn., P. Z. S., 1899, p. 216. (Plate VI, fig. 2.) Range. GRENADA, W. IJ. At Tabaquite (F. W. Urich). GLYPHODES LUCIDALIS, Hiibn., Verz., p. 359. Range. GRENADA; ST. VINCENT; CuBA; BRAZIL. (W. E. Broadway.) GLYPHODES TRANSLUCIDALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 299. fange. BRAZIL, Rio Janeiro. (W. #. Broadway.) LEUCINODES ELEGANTALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 222, peel a, Range. BRAZIL, Rio, Obydos, St. Paulo. In May at Tabaquite (2. W. Urich). PACHYZANCLA DISTINCTA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 20.) Forewing very pale yellow; costa dark brown; outer margin lighter brown ; the transverse lines of the same colour; first line angulated just below cell and immediately followed by a small spot of the same colour: close to the costa; discoidal spot large and distinct, darker brown ; medial line present only beyond vein 2 and thence to the inner margin ; third line terminates at vein 2. Hind- wing same colour as forewing ; discoidal spot lightish brown; a line commences about half-way from origin of vein 2 and runs to anal angle and another line from costa to near vein 2, but much Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. 157 nearer to margin, of the same colour as the line of forewing. On the 2nd segment of abdomen is a pair of conspicuous black spots. Expanse 20 millim. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). PIONEA EUPALUSALIS, W1k., xvii, p. 605. Range. VENEZUELA ; GRENADA. (W. EL. Broadway; W. J. Kaye.) PIONEA VINOTINCTALIS, Hmpsn., A.M.N.H. (6) xvi, p. 340. Range. GRENADA. Botanical Gardens (W. H. Broadway). PIONEA TAENIOLALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 172. Range. WEST INDIES; BRAZIL. In National Collection. PYRAUSTA FALCATALIS, Guen., Delt. and Pyr., p. 167. Range. NorTsH and SoutH America; CHINA; WESTERN InpIA ; WEST AFRICA. In the National Collection. Family PEROPHORID. PEROPHORA MAGNAPUNCTA, n. sp. (Plate VI, fig. 10.) Forewing pinkish-ochreous, with a strong oblique greyish black streak running up from the inner margin about the middle to vein 7 where it is strongly angled and then slightly curved to costa; dis- coidal blotch of the same colour very large almost touching the oblique streak ; there is an indication of an ante-medial line present as a faint mark on the costa and again below the cell between veins 1 and 2 as a curved lunular mark ; on the inner margin is a small triangular mark. Hindwing similarly coloured to forewing ; an ante- medial streak forming a continuation of that on the forewing, slightly waved ; between this and base of wing the ground colour is slightly paler and more yellowish. Thorax and abdomen unicolorous with wings. The streak of the forewing on the underside is broken up into broad lunular-like marks between the nervures. Expanse 62 millim. At Tabaquite in June (W. J. Kaye). 158 Mr. W. J. Kaye’s Preluminary Catalogue, ete. Family LIMACODIDA. SISYROSEA ALBIMARGINATA, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 22.) Forewing whitish-grey ; the marginal band considerably paler than the rest of wing and occupying more than one-third of wing; a row of marginal dots, very minute, blackish and inconspicuous ; the band is edged internally by a slender white line; the inner portion of wing unicolorous dirty grey. Hindwing grey some- what intermediate in colour between the two shades present in the forewing. Expanse 19 millim. From Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). NEOMRESIA NESEA, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, t. 305, C. (1781). Range. BRAZIL, Amazon. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye); also in National Collection. SEMYRA BELLA, H. S. Ausser. Schmett., i, f. 181 (1854). Range. GUATEMALA; BRAZIL. Verdant Vale (S. Kaye). Family MEGALOPYGIDA. CARAMA BUTLERI, Baker, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., pp. 133- 135, t. 6/f, 1-3 (1887). Range. SourH AMERICA. In the National Collection. Family CASTNIAD. CASTNIA Licus, Deru., Il ix. Mot. i,t. 16, fi. 2 (Ue yee Range. BRAzIL; ECUADOR. St. Ann’s Valley (fF. W. Urich). Family SESIADA. SESIA DECEPTURA, Butl., A.M.N.H. (4) xiv, p. 409. — Range. AMAZONS. Tabaquite (W. J. Kaye). EXPLANATION OF PLATE V. Fie. 1. oe ont &® CO —S& CH wb TO 2 Oe | ae SS SOO aT Os OU RS ey SS) eS SO Xylis bidens. . Nystalea calophasioides. . Aedia trinidadensis. . Hydrillodes totafusca. . Celiptera fuscilineata. . Herminodes xanthipterygia. . Sylepta flavipennis. . Enothalia perrubra. . Cosmosoma rubriscapule. . Cosmosoma melathoracia. . Hucereon hyalinwm. 2. Anceryx scyron. . Homopyralis parviquadrata. . Drobeda subrufescens. . Dysgonia purpurata. . Orsa multusta. . Phrygionis quadrilinea. . Acantholipes incisura. . Megatonis cyanolepia. . Catamelas fusca-purpwrea. . Juncaria wnicolorata. . Orsa perusta. EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI. . Zanclognatha bipunctata. Q . Leiopasia dorsalis. 1 2 3. Tortricodes leucorabdota. 4, Pilocrocis plumbilinea. 5. Paramimetica fuscireticulata. 6. Dichorda wricha. . Parvapenna sentalis. 8. Physula novitata. 9. Psaliodes acidalioides. 10. Perophora magnapuncta. 11. Tarchon cuprea. 12. Barydia bicristata. 13. Patalene acuta. 14, Newrophyseta calla. 15. Pyralis nigrapuneta. 16. GHnospila tenwilinea. 17. Apatelodes basifulva. 18. Gazena hypomelas. 19. Heterephyra subrubra. 20. Pachyzancla distincta. 21. Sandasa micrastigma. 22. Sisyrosea albimarginata. 23. Racheospila wndulosa. 24. Galasa rubidana. 25. Arvma isolata. 26. Orsa tenuata. (oaer ) VII. Lllustrations of the 6th § ventral segment im 17 Osmaa- species of the adunca-Group, with a Note on the synonymy of four species, and descriptions of four which seem new. By the Rev. FRancis Davip Morice, M.A., F.ES. [Read December 5th, 1900.] Piatss. Vil anp VILL. HAVING dissected numerous $ # of Osmia, Pz., representing among them, I believe, 17 palzarctic species of the adwnca- Group, I find that in all of them the hidden 6th ventral segment of the abdomen has a very elaborate and singular structure (reminding me a good deal of the 7th ventral in Colletes)—evidently highly specialised for some important (probably sexual ?) function. In each, the segment in question emits from its apex a distinct and conspicuous membranous appendage of some paradoxical form, which form differs so much in the various species that many can be distinguished by it at a glance. How far this structure is peculiar to or universal in the adwnca-Group, I cannot yet say. But so far I have only found it there, and in one little “ maniple ” of species (one of which may be crenulata, Mor., and the others un- described) which, according to present ideas, would be grouped, but as I suspect not rightly, with papavervs. Neither papaveris itself nor its allies, cristata, sawnderst, hisulca, etc., have any such appendage to the 6th ventral, and the character seems to me,fully as important as the form of the 7th dorsal, on which the groups of papaveris and adunca are at present separated. Unfortunately the segment cannot be viewed, without dissection of the specimen. But when extracted, its beautiful forms and most interesting structure amply repay the trouble of bringing it to light; and the characters presented by it in the various species are so clear and constant, that I think they well deserve an attention which has not yet been paid to them by the framers of specific diagnoses. In no Group of the Genus, perhaps, have describers been less successful in so characterizing their TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (JULY) 162 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th f ventral segment species as not to mislead later students. Hence the synonymy of the Group has long been in great confusion, and in several cases that confusion seems to me to be rather increasing than diminishing, in spite of all attempts (even the most recent) to clear it up. As to the definition of the adunca-Group, the following diagnosis, founded mainly on the works of Schmiedeknecht and Ducke, represents, I believe pretty completely, the views on this subject now generally received, as far as characters are concerned. ¢. Corpus nigrum haud metallicum, fulvo vel pallido medioeriter pilosum. Abdominis segmenta dorsalia anteriora apicibus plus minusve pallido fimbriatis ; sextum lateribus dentatis sinuatisque ; septimum subquadrate productum, apice nec dilatato, nec spinoso, nec profunde emarginato. Segmenta ventralia quinque semper apparent, marginibus omnium fere simplicibus (nunquam profunde excisis nec acute productis), omnia mutica (tuberculis, etc. nullis) saepius tamen ante apicem transverse subcallosa. Clypeus productus margine apicali crenulato. Antennae nonnullis saltem articulis plerumque aliquo modo deformatis, vix unquam simpliciter cylindricis. To these characters—among which those of the ventral segments are perhaps the most important—I would pro- pose, on the strength of my recent investigation, to add the following— g. Segmentum ventrale sextum quinto obtectum, magna parte et praesertim appendice conspicua apicali membranaceum ; septimum propter emarginaturam apicalem magnam bilobatum ; octavum parte’ apicali lata, emarginaturam septimi fere totam implente, lateribus_ paralletis, apice et in medio plerumque membranacea. Genitalia sagiltis latissimis, subfalcates ; stipitum parte apicali tenuissime elongata, subcylindrica—apicibus ipsis plerumque evidenter inflexis. For the 7th and 8th ventral segments, see Fig. 20; for the genitalia, Fig. 21. I believe that some of these latter characters should have at least as much weight as those given above in determining the true limits of the Group, if, as seems likely, it be a “good” one. It does not fall within the scope of this paper to deal with 2 characters, but the universally pale scopa (white or grey) may be mentioned as among the most obvious. in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Gvouy. 163 of fp Before discussing the separate species, it may be worth while to describe in some detail the general structure of the 6th ventral segment in the adwnca-Group and the general nature of the specific characters which occur in it. To draw it undamaged from its retirement under the Sth ventral is not always easy. My own method is, after relaxing a specimen, to force apart with a dissecting-needle the 5th and 6th dorsal segments. Being rather firmly attached to the base of the latter, the 6th ventral generally comes out with it. It is then seen to be formed of several distinct layers superposed one upon another, some quite thin and hyaline, others more substantial and darker. Most of these at least do not extend to the base and apex of the segment, but occupy a part only of its full length. The actual base is pretty solid. It is deeply excised, accordingly bidentate—the two teeth are attached externally to the 6th dorsal by a membrane, which must be cut through carefully, if the segment is to be extracted entire. Beyond the basal excision begins the thickest and most substantial part of the segment. We see here, first, but (owing to their transparency) only in certain lights, two adjacent flakes of thin white membrane, attached only at their bases (the rounded apices being quite free) to the underlying layers of substance. Below these flakes, and partly at least projecting beyond them apically, is a much more solid transverse layer (or conglomerate of layers) divided longitudinally into two well-marked /obes—dark, punctured, and more or less pilose, especially towards their apices laterally. These I shall call in the following de- scriptions the “ main lobes” of the segment. From between these lobes, at a rather lower level, originates the apical membranous appendage which I shall call the ‘ process.” It, also, usually assumes a somewhat bilobed form ; but in two species it is, instead, terminated by a single central (spine-like) prolongation. The base of the “process” rarely occupies the whole space between the converging margins of the “ main lobes.” More usually it has a con- stricted petiole-like base, from which the lobes of the bifid apex branch out more or less in the lateral direction, making the process as a whole roughly Y-shaped in some cases, T-shaped in others. The petiole of a Y-shaped process is mostly long and narrow, that of a T-shaped much more transverse (compare Fig. 7 with Fig. 11). Round these two types, the Y-shaped (cwmentaria), and the TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II, (JULY) 12 164 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th ¢ ventral segment T-shaped (morawitzi), most of the “processes” I have figured seem to group themselves. And it will be found that with each type of process a corresponding type. of main lobes is associated—the apical margins of the latter running somewhat parallel to the lobes of the process, so that with a “Y-shaped process” they converge very obliquely or diagonally, embracing a great triangular gap in which lies the process ; while with a “T-shaped pro- cess” they run nearly or quite transversely, there 1s no deep triangular gap, but the process stands out clearly and boldly beyond the lobes. Also in the latter case the lobes have sharp lateral corners, generally armed with an actual spine or tooth, though occasionally this is too much deflexed to be conspicuous in the ventral view of the segment. In segments of the cementaria type, on the contrary, the lobes are untoothed, their apices are rounded or subtruncate. (In such acase as Fig. 15 the process is no doubt somewhat Y-shaped, but I should class the segment as a whole under the other type, that of morawitz1, because the petiole of the process is wider than it ever is in the cxmentaria type, the lobes of the process are, after all, more transversely divergent, the apical margins also of the main lobes running on the whole rather transversely than diagonally, and terminating in an acute angle armed ~ with a distinct though deflexed tooth.) In the longitudinal swleus, or narrow slit which separates the two main lobes, another tooth-like object usually shows itself, which, however, seems to be really only a pencil of excessively stout and spine-like hairs. This, in segments of the cwmentaria type, seems to be generally ill-developed or even absent. The pilosity of the main lobes may differ greatly even in closely related species (cf. Figs. 11 and 18). As to the process, its apical lobes are generally densely clothed externally with excessively fine hairs, varying in length and direction according to the species. Seldom (Figs. 2, 3, 4) the process is practically naked. In one case (Fig. 1) it is naked as a whole, but armed with two strong bristly pencils before the apex, quite unlike anything to be seen in any of the other species. A comparison of the characters presented by this segment in different species of the Group seems to me to furnish rather important evidence as to the precise degree of affinity in which certain of these probably stand to | | in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. 165 others. Still I.do not mean that I would propose to classify the Group according to these characters only. We may now proceed to consider my Figures of this segment in the several species examined by me. In each case, after describing the segment, I shall say what I con- sider the species possessing it to be, and where necessary, shall give reasons for my belief, and mention other specific characters of the insects under consideration. I shall then add a separate note on the synonymy of four especially puzzling species, and lastly give Diagnoses of four other species of which I have been unable to find descriptions, so that I am obliged to treat them as “ new.” Fig. 1. The main lobes are rather angular laterally at the apex, but unspined; their apical margins run only a little obliquely: the tooth-like hair pencil in the groove which separates them is conspicuous. The basal part of the process is not petiole-like, but very wide and almost rectangular. Before its apex are a pair (near together) of conspicuous tubercles each emitting a strong pencil of erect long hairs. The apex itself runs out suddenly into a sort of long narrow spine, which laterally (Fig. Ja) is seen to be much deflexed. This species is, 1 believe, universally accepted as the true adunca, Latr. It is characterized by its black calcaria, shining some- what naked dorsal segments, the form of its antenne, etc., and also in the ? (a character as yet, I believe, unnoticed), by the production of the last ventral segment at its apex into a triangular, somewhat reflexed, spine. I have examined specimens from all parts between Algeria and the Sea of Marmora, which completely agree in the characters given above, and with the descriptions of all authors consulted by me. Fig. 2. The main lobes have rounded apices and their margins run diagonally. Central hair pencil hardly developed, and pilosity altogether short and thin. The process is nearly triangular, with no tubercles or pencils as in adunca. Its apex is drawn out gradually into a spine; first deflexed, then again reflexed and a little dilated (Fig. 2a). The specimens before me are some of those I took in Syria and Asia Minor in the spring of 1889, which have been described by Friese (Entom. Nachricht.) under the name /ysholin, 166 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th $ ventral segment Fig. 22 shows its moniliform and almost clavate antenna, which would alone distinguish it from any other species of the group. Fig. 3. The apices of the main lobes are rather narrowly but not angularly truncated, their apical (rather straight) margins run more obliquely than in adwnca. Central hair pencil distinct. The arcuate apical margin of the process is incised in the centre (therefore bilobed). Between the lobes (before this incision) rises a strong double longitudinal carina, which laterally (Fig. 3a) shows as a procumbent compressed tooth. The base of the process is quite unconstricted, filling the whole space between the main lobes. This is a very fine large insect, like a colossal adwnca (length fully 16 mm.). I took one specimen in Algeria, and Mr. Saunders has another, probably from the Ionian islands, taken long ago by Sir 8. 8S. Saunders. It seems to be undescribed, and I propose to call it manicata. The antennz are formed much as in adwanca, but it has pale hind calcaria, the base of the median “area cordi- formis” with long clear striz, and the front tarsi very densely fimbriated with long white hairs (manicata). The metapleuree are more shining and less closely punctured than in adunca. The apex of the 6th dorsal segment is very strongly crenate (even erosed) with a large central emargination. The 5th ventral is more shining, with a larger puncturation (sparser on the disk), its apical margin widely though gently sinuated inwards. Of the flagellum, joints 3—5 are evidently wider than long, 6—8 quadrate, 9—11 longer than wide; 3—7 gibbose behind, 11—12 concave behind, convex in front (cf. Figs. 23, 23a). The pilosity of the face, breast, and legs is whitish, the rest bright fulvous, as are also the apical fasciz of the abdominal dorsal segments. Fig. 4. The main lobes have rounded apices, their margins subarcuate and diagonally converging. The central hair-pencil conspicuous. The process is usually simple in form; it is nearly hairless, its base unconstricted, its apical margin arcuate and hardly emarginate in the centre (scarcely bilobate). There is no definite tooth-like carina asin Fig. 3a, but a slight wide central (longitudinal) elevation before the apex. Perez has described this species as morawitzi, Gerst., and in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. 167 his description is quoted in full by Schmiedeknecht. But it can hardly be the morawitzw of Ducke; and I have reason to think that the true morawitzi, Gerst. (= loti Moraw.) is yet another species. See on these points the note appended at the end of this paper, and my figures of the antennz (¢) in the species there discussed. The latter I have drawn each in several points of view (1) from in front—the widest aspect ; (2) from above—the narrowest ; (3) from behind— to display as fully as possible the convexities of the separate joints. The present species 1s represented in Figs. 24, etc.* This insect—morawitzi, Perez, as I shall call it for the present—I have taken freely in Algeria and occasionally in South France (never further east!). It frequents Echium, which loti (teste, Morawitz) does not. To the characters given by Perez the following may be added. Intermediate and hind femora in both sexes acutely spined at their apices (Fig. 19). The character is unusual, and striking (when not concealed by the tibia). ¢ Hind metatarsus unusually elongate, measuring quite 4 of the tibia (in adunca less than 3). 2 Last ventral segment produced at the apex as in adwnca, but into a narrower spine, rather linear than triangular, and not (as in adunca) red but black. (I must own that I cannot follow Perez in his description of the last dorsal segment which seems to me /ess and not more impressed transversely than that of adwnca.) The calcaria vary strangely in colour. They may be quite pale or almost as black as in adunca ! Fig. 5. Apices of the main lobes sharply angular, but a little deflexed which gives them a truncate look, their slightly convex margins run rather obliquely. The process has a distinctly constricted petiole-like base ; at the apex it is divided by a triangular incision into two slightly pilose reniform lobes which widen gradually from apex to base. This is one of the “types” of Friese’s pici taken by me in Syria, and described by him in Ent. Nachricht. As * Although I have taken extreme care in placing the antenne as horizontally as possible, some joints are inevitably foreshortened differently in different aspects. So their comparative lengths cannot be reckoned with precision from these figures. 158 Rey. F. D. Morice on the 6th f ventral segment he has fully described its external characters, I will only add a figure of the antenna (Fig. 25) to show its curious dilatations and hook-like apex. Fig. 6. Main lobes rounded with rather sites truncated apices, and densely hairy (yet with hardly any definite central pencil). Their margins, as also those of the two next species, run very diagonally, embracing an almost equilaterally triangular space in which hes the basal portion of the process, nearly filling it. The process has a distinct narrow petiole, from which proceed two gradually widening pilose plume-hke lobes, their outer margins running parallel to the sides of the triangular gap above mentioned, and almost touching them ; their inner margins are separated by a long narrow and linear gap till near the apex, where the lobes are rounded off and the gap between them widens. The greatest width of the lobes (a little before their apices) measures about # of their greatest length. The species is common in the Mediterranean regions: I have taken it in France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria and Algeria. Ducke calls it spinole, Schenck.; but as he does not consider it to be the spinolx of Lepelletier, and as it is generally admitted to be the cwmentaria of Gerstzecker, under which name it has frequently been referred to by well-known writers, I prefer to follow Schmiedeknecht and call it cwmentaria, Gerst. The insect being well known, I will here only mention that in the @ the apical ventral segment is not, as in adunca and morawitzt, Perez, produced spinosely at the apex. Fig. 7. The main lobes differ from those of cwmentaria in being hardly truncate but almost angled (roundly how- ever) at their apices. The process is very like that of cementaria, but does not so nearly fill the triangular gap containing it. The lobes are much narrower (quite three times as long as broad), they spring from a longer petiole (which removes their inferior margins from the main lobes, while in cementaria these almost touch each other), they widen comparatively little towards their apices, so that the division between them is wider and more triangular, giving them the appearance of being more divergent. This species I take to be Lepelletieri, Perez. It com- pletely suits his description (5th ventral segment “trisinué, ’ comparatively simple antenne, etc.). I have taken it ee ee ee a ee in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. 169 myself only in the Alps. It seems to be a decidedly near relation of cwmentaria, though easily distinguishable from it. (It also has 2 ventral apex, not spinose !) Fig. 8. Differs from Fig. 6 (cementaria) chiefly in the outline of the main lobes, which are more completely oval, their inner margins much more convex, which diminishes the triangular gap between them, and seems to thrust the process further out towards the apex of the segment. The process (except in its situation, as just stated) is almost identical with that of cementaria. I have only one specimen of this insect (from Rome) and am rather unwilling to make a new species of it, since I can only find one substantial external character to dis- tinguish it from cementaria. That however is a very strong one, unless indeed it be an individual malformation, viz. the last joint of the antenne is strongly excavated, making its tip into a bent narrow spine or hook—much as in pict, only the joint is shorter and the hook more abrupt. ‘The other joints are simple, and resemble those of cxementaria (see Fig. 26). Supposing it to be not a monstrosity, but a species of which other examples may occur, I propose for it the name romana. Fig. 9. The apices of the main lobes are acute, and show underneath the transparent upper layer of their thickened part, distinct sharp lateral teeth or spines (though the actual margin, formed by the layer mentioned above, is not’ spinose but only angulated). The margins run a little obliquely, hardly diagonally, less as in the species lately described than as in those which are to follow. The process also is more of the type which will hereafter present itself. It has a wide transverse petiole, more solid and somewhat clouded down the middle, from which are thrown off, not in an apical or diagonal direction but transversely (horizontally in the figure) two shortly pilose lobes with a very shallow incision or emargination between their apices. ‘The lobes in this case are almost round, as wide as long, not elongated as in most of the species. My specimens ff and 99 are all from Palestine or Syria. I can find no description of the species, which from the rounded fan-like lobes attached to the 6th segment (as above stated) I propose to call flabellifera. It has a good deal the aspect of lepelleticri, to which however it cannot, I think, be really a very near relation. 170 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th $ ventral segment Perhaps its most striking f character is in the last dorsal segment. This is very broad and somewhat bilobate (see Fig. 31), quite unlike any other m this group, to which however I am satisfied that it belongs. (For other characters see the Diagnoses which follow.) Fig. 10. Not unlike the last, but the main lobes with more transversely running margins, evidently spinose at the apices, only the teeth are deflexed, so that the segment must be viewed from in front to see them satisfactorily. The process more transverse, its lobes being rather narrower and longer, their direction completely transverse. This, I believe, is yheringi, Ducke. Herr Alfken gave me a pair from Triest, and I have specimens which seem identical, which I took in Egypt. It is described in Ducke’s recently published supplement to Apidz Europes (Genus Osmia). Fig. 11. Apices of the main lobes very sharp and evidently spinose, their sides before these teeth show a very long and conspicuous pilosity (unlike anything yet encountered, but usual in the species which are to follow), The process with a wide petiole ; the lobes long, narrow and pointed, their apical margins gently sinuated, and clothed (as are the lobes throughout) with fine, rather long, incurved hairs. This, I believe, is the true lotz ¢ Moraw. (= morawitzi, Gerst.). See the Note following this paper, where I discuss its characters. I have only taken two specimens (Petit Saleve near Geneva), see Figs. 20, 21, 27. Fig. 12. Differs from the last chiefly in the shape of the process, whose transverse lobes are more widely separated at their bases; they are broader in proportion to their length, and their superior or apical margins are much more abruptly and deeply sinuated near the apices, the corresponding curve in morawitzi being so gentle and gradual as to be hardly noticeable. The spinose angles, lateral pilosity (a little shorter, however,) direction of margin, etc., of the main lobes almost exactly as in morawitzt. This is difformis, Perez; but not Ducke’s difformis, who describes the present species I believe under ihe name morawitzu, Gerst. (See the Note above mentioned for discussion of this question.) For the antennz see Figs. 28, 28a, 28b. ~ ae AO in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. Pal Fig. 13. The main lobes shaped like the last, but their apical margins, if possible, even straighter, and the lateral spinosity still more marked. Their pilosity however is very different, being quite short and scanty at the sides. The process is most conspicuously “ T-shaped,” its apical margin running quite transversely with almost no sinua- tion. It is clothed with intensely fine and regular hairs ; and the inferior margins of the lobes and the longitudinal interval between their bases is marked by a distinct and well-defined brown stain on the otherwise vitreous sub- stance, which gives the segment a peculiar and seemingly constant appearance in all my specimens. This is certainly pallicornis, Friese (= difformis, Ducke nec Perez. See Note at the end of this paper). I figure its very curious ¢ flagellum in Figs. 29, 29a, 29b. My specimens are from Asia Minor and Syria, Mr. Saunders has others from the Ionian Islands. Fig. 14, Exceeding like Fig. 11, but the main lobes have more convex apical margins, and their lateral teeth are even stronger than in difformis. Lateral pilosity (as in Fig. 11) well developed. The lobes of the process are more widely separated at their bases, and the apical margin is decidedly trisinuate (the central sinuation most marked), This is a “typical” specimen from Majorca of insularis, Schmiedeknecht, given to me by Herr Friese. It is evidently a near relation of loti and difformis. Fig. 15. Main lobes sharply angled, with deflexed lateral teeth (only conspicuous when the segment is viewed from its apex). Their apical margins unusually concave, running almost in a single continuous curve. Process peculiar, the lobes being very parallel-sided (almost oblong); set very obliquely—so as to embrace with their apical margins a large triangular gap (the triangle, however, rather right-angled than, as in Figs. 7, etc., acute-angled) ; and clothed, especially at their apices with long incurving hairs. My specimens are from Algeria mostly, but a few (quite like the rest) from Jaffa. I believe that they may safely be referred to /fertoni, Perez, to whose description they completely answer. They have not the punctuation of his albi-spina which I have seen. The species nests in snail-shells. 172 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th f§ ventral segment Fig. 16. Main lobes with angles spined as in fertoni, but the apical margins more convex. | Lobes of process much shorter, and widened from base to apex, so that they are nearly adjacent throughout, and the gap between them is inconspicuous—much deeper than wide. The pilosity is also shorter. I take this species to be vaulogeri, Perez, judging however only from the description of that species. It is a good deal like sheringi (Fig. 10), but the process is certainly not identical. (Its hairs are quite otherwise directed.) I have examined two specimens from Algiers. Fig. 17. The main lobes differ from any yet examined, in that their apices lie in the centre of the segment, the margins descending thence (instead of rising or running transversely) towards the spined lateral angles. Conse- quently they (2. ¢. the apices) form a pair of acute adjacent angles overlapping the base of the process—an easily recognizable character ! The process is hardly to be distinguished from that of morawitzi, but its lobes are a little wider in proportion to their length. And, owing to the descending outline of the main lobes, it stands out more boldly at the sides. I think this species must be undescribed. I took it — ($f and 2) at Brumana near Beirut (Syria) in 1899, and propose to call it debanensis. For its external characters, see the Diagnosis given below. (Forits f antenna, Fig. 30.) The fifth ¢ ventral segment is decidedly peculiar, but whether its singularity has anything to do with that of the 6th I cannot venture to say, though I suspect so. Below its actual, (centrally incised but otherwise simple,) somewhat transparent margin, may be seen a sort of secondary inner margin, formed by a thicker darker and more solid layer of substance. This “ante-margin,” if we may so call it, is incised (like the true margin) in the centre, and at the corners it is evidently and sharply spinose—like the 6th segment. Also, laterally (near the base) it emits two oblique pencils of thin long hairs, which can be seen projecting on each side, even when the abdomen is viewed from above. JI have not noticed a similar character in any other species. Besides the above 17 species, I took near Jerusalem in 1899 what is evidently yet another (probably undescribed) species of the same group, with a curiously triangular (almost acuminate) 7th dorsal segment, and a 6th ventral in 17 Osmia-spectes of the adunca-Group. 173 somewhat like that of cewmentaria. But I do not describe it, as it is a single specimen, and in poor condition. Note on the synonymy of four species. It seems to me quite impossible that the difformis of Ducke (=pallicornis, Friese) should be identical with Perez’s difformis. In the former, according to Ducke’s and Friese’s figures and also my own specimens (Figs. 29, 29a, and 29b), the basal joints of the flagellum are excessively broad as seen in front, and the inferior margins of the basal joints form a series of sharp serrations, while those of the following joints are at least gibbosely dilated. Ducke and Friese also describe the apical joint as acute (‘‘zugespitzt ”), and it is so in several specimens belonging to Mr. Saunders, though hardly so (except when showed laterally) in that which I have figured (Asia Minor), (Fig. 29). Now of his difformis Perez describes the antenna most minutely, and the following tabulation will show how absolutely it differs from that of Ducke’s species Difformis Perez (sec. ipsum). Second joint of flagellum ‘‘a peu pres aussi large au bout que long.” Last joint ‘‘once and a half as long as wide, en ovale irregulier.” Upper and lower margins of flagel- lum straight ‘‘non arrondis comme chez L’O. Morawitz.”’ Posterior ‘‘saillies” of flagellum most marked on joints 2-4, hardly indicated on 5-6, redeveloped on joints following. Joints 5-6 narrower than those adjoining. Flagellum evidently twice bent “en arriere puis en avant,” the first bend occurring “ au niveau de” joints 5-6. (For a flagellum really answering to this description see my Fig. 28a.) Difformis Perez (sec. Ducke). Second joint at least once and a half as wide as long. Last joint quite three times as long as wide, narrowly conical, tubercu- late near base below. (See Ducke’s Fig.) Lower margin with all the apical joints “arrondis’”’ and all the basal sharply serrate. “Saillie” on joint 2 not more marked than those on 5-6, which are acute and prominent, more so than on any of the joints following. Joints 5-6 as wide or rather wider than those adjoining. Flagellum almost imperceptibly bent between joints 6, 7 and again between joints 8, 9. (See Ducke’s Fig. b.) In every one of these items except the last the two sides of the table contradict each other absolutely, and even in that their agreement is imperfect. Furthermore, Ducke says in a footnote that an “angeb- lich typisches” pair of difformis sent by Perez to Friese were not difformis and must have been sent as such by mistake. He adds that Perez’s description (though not 174 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th f ventral segment these “types”) “passt genau auf pallicornis, Friese”: a statement, which considering the characters cited above, I am quite unable to understand. If then Perez’s difformis is, as maintained above, not identical with pallicornis, what is it? I believe it to be a species not uncommon on the Alps, whose antenue (Figs. 28, etc.) correspond in every respect to those of difformis as the author describes them, while in other characters also it corresponds and especially in the somewhat dull and closely punctured fifth ventral segment —that of pallicornis being punctured much more sparsely and very shining. Now this species, I feel certain, is Ducke’s morawitzti. Perez’s morawitzi it cannot possibly be, if only on account of the 5th ventral segment (morawitzi “ brillant, ponctu- ation espacée!”) But Ducke’s morawitzw I believe it is! The antenna he figures under that name resembles those of my Swiss specimens, and fits much better with Perez's description of difformis than with that by the same author of morawitzt. Also in the footnote above cited Ducke says that the dzfformis-types sent to Friese by Perez “sich als morawitzit erwiesen.” If difformis, Perez = morawitztt, Ducke nec Perez, that is natural! And surely it is far more likely that Perez and Ducke should differ in their idea of morawitzz, than that the former author should have mistaken for his own species (difformis) another (morawitzt sec. Perez) which he has so carefully distinguished from it in his well-known papers on the subject. — I had not only written thus far, but (as I supposed) had completed this paper, when a kind communication from Professor Perez entirely confirmed the views above stated. He has sent specimens both of difformis and of morawitzi as described by himself. Dzfformis is not pallicornis, but as the species of my Figs. 12, 28, etc. and also (I believe) the morawitzit of Ducke. Morawitzi is a species to which none of Ducke’s descriptions correspond, which I have taken freely in South France and Algeria, and to which belong my Figs. 4, 24, ete. This latter species (morawitz1, Perez nec Ducke) we have now to consider. Is it, or is it not, the morawitzi of Gerstecker = loti ¢ Morawitz (nec ? ?) ? Gerstecker not having described but only renamed the insect, we are thrown back upon Morawitz’s description of his Jota in Hore Rossic. V, p. 68, in which the f flagellum is in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. 175 said to be “in der Gegend des siebenten gliedes deutlich gebogen” and “die vordere Fliche ist abgeplattet, die hintere aber tritt stark hervor.” These, as Perez points out, are characters of the present species (morawitzi sec. Perez). It hasa flagellum bent once (not twice as difformis) about the 7th joint, and the joints up to the 10th have evident posterior dilatations or “saillies” creating “une serie d’échancrures.” These “saillies” resemble those of dif- formas, but are certainly not quite so strong, and so Perez tells us, giving other minute details as to points unnoticed by Morawitz. So far all seems satisfactory, but— (1) Morawitz says that his species instead of visiting Echiwm like adunca, ete. visits “exclusively” Lotus corniculatus. : Now morawitzi, Perez, undoubtedly visits Hcehiwm, and Perez gives as its plants “ Echium and Lotus.” (2) There exists another species; differing from Perez’s but possessing likewise the antennal characters of Joti ; which (like Morawitz’s loti-types) occurs in Switzerland, and which seems to me to correspond even better than morawitzt, Perez, to the description of Lotz. Of this species I have two f ¢ taken on the Petit Saleve near Geneva, while I have only found morawitz, Perez, in South France and Algeria. This is the insect to which belong my Figs. 11, 20, 21, i. 2ha, 27b. I think it must be rather rare, as it seems unknown to Ducke, and I have seen no specimens of it except my own. (There are none in Mr. Saunders’s collection, apparently.) The I do not know: and Gerstecker says that Morawitz took no females of his dotz, those which he supposed to be such being really only cwmentaria. It differs from morawitzi, Perez, which it strongly resembles, in several important points. (1) The # 6th ventral segment (Fig. 11) is totally different, almost exactly like that of difformis ; (2) the femora have not spinosely produced apices, as in Perez’s species (Fig. 19). (Unfortunately Morawitz is silent as to these characters in his description of Jot.) (3) The antennal joints are rather more transverse. (This suits /otz.) Another, but a trifling, difference is in the colour of the antenne. These are more brightly red in the Swiss species. So far as it goes, that is in favour of identifying 176 Rev. F. D. Morice on the 6th ¢ ventral segment it, rather than the Algerian species, with lote Morawitz. But it is merely a question of degree. On the whole, in spite of the points of agreement between Jotz, Mor., and morawitzt, Perez, I think that the former insect is probably not identical with the latter, but rather with my specimens from the Petit Saléve. And (pace Gerstzecker) I do not see why it should not keep the name of dott, Mor. (I am not at all satisfied as to Morawitz’s females being really cxmentaria, however closely to Gersteecker’s eye they may have resembled them. ) Accordingly in my opinion we have four distinct species, as follows— 1. lott, Mor. (¢! 2 2) (= morawitzi, Gerst. !). 2. morawitzi, Perez (nec Gerst.? nec Ducke !). 5. difformis, Perez (nec Ducke ! = morawitzi, Ducke). 4, pallicornis, Friese (= difformis Ducke! nec Perez !) I sincerely hope that this note will not be taken as an impertinent attack on Herr Ducke’s most suggestive and valuable work. Although iy conclusions differ from his, I should never have been in a position to draw any conclusions at all about these bewildering species without the materials he has collected. And it is certain that his book goes far beyond anything yet published towards facilitating the study of Osmia for ordinary entomologists. Specierum quas pro novis habeo diagnoses, 1. O. manicata, n. sp. (Figs. 3, 3a, 23, 23a.) ¢ niger ; facie pedibus subtus que pallido-, superne fulvo-pilosus abdominis fimbriis stratis apicalibus concoloribus. Exemplaribus permagnis adwncx simillimus : differt antennis basi fortius dilatatis, articulis intermediis pro latitudine longioribus subquadratis, tarsis anticis multo densius fimbriatis, calcaribus posticis pallidis, punetis sculpturaque fortioribus, preecipue autem segmento ventrali sexto nec ante apicem bipenicillato nec in spinam deflexam producto, sed ante incisuram marginis medii profundam carina alta dentiformi instructo. Long. 16 mm. | 9 nobis ignota. Habitat. ALGERIA; INSULZ IONTIA. 2. O. romana, n. sp.? (Figs. 8, 26.) d¢ antennarum articulo ultimo ut in acuticormi etc. paene monstrose hamiformi. Ceteroquin vix a cxementaria distinguenda, nisi forte seymento dorsali sexto acutius bidentato ; margine huius medio sat Oe eT in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group. Eee profunde inciso ; ventralis sexti lobis incrassatis magis approximatis, (igitur incisura triquetra angustiore divisis, nec inter se tam magnam partem processus apicalis amplectentibus). | ? nobis ignota. Halitat, Roma. 3. O. flabellifera, n. sp. (Fig. 9.) Species aspectu O. lepelletieri simillima, corpore paullo nitidiore. 6 facile dignoscitur segmento dorsali septimo apice lato in medio plus minusve inciso (igitur fere bilobato): ventralis sexti lobis praecipuis apicibus acutis et inferne dentiformibus, hiatu inter hos multo minus profundo, processu apicali magis exserto lobis fere rotundis, breviter subtilissime pilosis, haud oblique sed tranverse excurrentibus. Antenne maris leniter deplanatze, fere simplices, articulis omnibus latitudine longioribus. Segmenti mediani area cordiformis opaca basi longitudinalitur striata. Segmentum dorsale sextum margine apicali crenulato, in medio haud exciso. Ventrale quintam apice late leniter emarginato, punctis fere ut in ¢ lepelletieri: 2 a lepelletiert .vix distinguenda, nisi forte pilis brevioribus minusque densis, dorsum certe abdominis aliquo modo _nitidius videtur, etiam fimbriis apicalibus haud conspicuis (an in exemplaribus meis 2 detritis ?) Habitat. JUDHA; SYRIA. 4. O. libanensis, n. sp. (Figs. 17, 30.) Adunex similis sed minor (long. cire. 8-9 mill.) abdomine fortius punctulato, calcaribus pallidis. ¢ antennis deplanatis, articulis flagelli antice 3,4, 5 fere aeque latis, inde usque ad apicem lenissime sensim angustatis, postice articulis 2 et 3 inferne fortissime, 4 lenius, ceteris haud vel vix gibbose productis. Segmento ventrali 5to apicem versus et in medio sat dense punctulato, basi utrinque evidenter penicillata (!) margine apicali quasi duplici, in medio inciso, lateraliter spinose subtus densato : 6to, lobis preecipuis singulariter apicibus non ad latera segmenti sed in medio sitis, processus basim celantibus—hoc fere omnino ut in morawitzi formato, lobis longis angustis transverse excurrentibus. 2 ab adunca calcaribus pallidis, corpore minore, abdomine fortius punctulato, segmento ventrali sexto apice haud spinose producto ; a cementaria difformi etc. abdomine brevissime tenuiter piloso facillime distinguenda. Halitat, SyRiA (Brumana in Libano). EXPLANATION OF FIGURES IN PLaTE VII. ¢ 6th ventral seyment, viewed ventrally, in Fiag, 1. O. adwnea, Pz. (1a. apex of do. laterally). . O. lysholini, Friese (2a. apex of do. laterally). O. manicata, n. sp. (8a. apex of do. laterally). 99 to O. morawitz, Perez (nec Ducke). OQ. pici, Friese. . O. cementaria, Gerst. O. lepelletieri, Perez. . O. romana, n. sp. O. flabellifera, n. sp. . O. jheringi, Ducke. . O. loti, Mor. (2). so MH ST ot ke i S) 12. O. difformis, Perez (morawitzii, Ducke),. 13. 0. pallicornis, Friese (difformis, Ducke). 14. O. insularis, Schmiedekn. 15. O. fertoni, Perez. 16. O. vaulogeri, Perez (probably). 17. O. libanensis, n. sp. 18. O. adunca, S$ femur. 19. O. morawitzi, Perez. 20. OU. loti, ¢ Tth and 8th ventral segments. 71. 4° 3d genitalia. EXPLANATION OF FIGURES IN PLATE VIII. g Antenna of Fia, 22. O. lysholmi. 23. O. manicata (in front), 23a (from above). 24. O. morawitzii, Perez. 24a, 24b (from behind). 25. O. pict. 26. O. romana (apex only). 27. O. loti (2) (in front), 27a (from above), 27b (behind). 28. O. difformis (in front), 28a (from above), 28b (behind). . 29. O. pallicornis (in front), 29a (from above), 29b (behind). 30. O. libanensis. 31. 7th dorsal segment in O. flabellifera. 6 29 <') VIII. List of the Cetoniide collected by Messrs. H. E. ANDREWES and J. R. D. BELL wm the Bombay Presidency of India, with descriptions of the new species. By OLIver E. Janson, F.E.S. [Read March 6th, 1901.] ALTHOUGH Mr. Andrewes’s collection of this family of his Coleoptera is not a large one, it includes several species that are interesting on account of the doubt that pre- viously existed as to their habitat, and three that are new. I have given a complete list in preference to merely describing the new ones, as I think it is always desirable to have a record of authentic localities, and nothing of the kind has hitherto been published on the Cetontide of this part of India. Of the twenty-seven species enumerated seven are, as far as is at present known, peculiar to the Bombay district, thirteen of the others are also found in Mysore, Travancore, and other parts of southern India and Ceylon, and four only have a northern range, occurring also in central India and Bengal, whilst the remaining three are of wide distribution and have a range beyond the limits of Continental India and Ceylon. I have to thank Mr. Andrewes for the liberal manner in which he has allowed me to retain specimens, in several instances uniques, for my own collection, and regret that the publication of this paper has been so unavoidably delayed. 1. TRIGONOPHORUS DELESSERTI, Gueér. Kanara. Taken by Mr. Bell, rarely, on trees in evergreen jungle. 2. HETERORRHINA OBESA, Jans. Kanara; Belgaum. 3. HETERORRHINA OLIVACEA, Guér. Kanara; Belgaum. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART Il. (JULY) 13 180 Mr. O. E. Janson’s List of the Cetonude, This rather common §. Indian species is usually very constant in its uniform olive-green colour, from which it derives its name; but amongst those obtained by Mr. Andrewes there is an example, which he has kindly allowed me to retain for my own collection, of a light green colour similar to that of A. punectatissima, but otherwise quite normal. 4, HETERORRHINA SINUATOCOLLIS, Schaum. Belgaum. A small series of this rather scarce species include several of the beautiful deep blue variety, which are rather larger than the normal form, and have the exposed portion of the meta-coxe, the underside of the meso-sternal epimera, and the femora deep red, tinged with purple, and the tibiz and tarsi black or piceous. 5, HETERORRHINA ELEGANS, Fab. Kanara; Belgaum. 6. DIcEROS CUVERA, Newm. Kanara. ! 7. CLINTERIA GUTTIFERA, Burm. Kanara. 8. CLINTERIA HILARIS, Burm. Kanara. : 9. CLINTERIA TETRASPILA, Hope. Kanara. A single specimen only of this scarce species, taken by Mr. Bell. 10. CLINTERIA BELLI, n. sp. Obscure viridi-zenea, sub-nitida; thorace remote punctato, lateribus albo-marginato ; elytris obsolete punctato-striatis, singulo vitta magna, apice trilobata, alba; subtus pedibusque nigro-enea nitida. Long. 17-18 mm. Obscure brassy-green, head and thorax some- what shining, with or without a coppery tinge, underside and legs greenish- or brassy-black, shining. Head ie Cl\innker ra belly. With Descriptions of the New Species. 181 convex in the centre, rather strongly punctured, clypeus with the margins raised, the apex impressed and emarginate. Thorax re- motely punctured on the disk, more coarsely and closely punctured towards the sides and apex, basal angles strongly rounded, a broad white marginal band on each side. Elytra with somewhat indistinct fine punctures arranged in rows, the apex more coarsely and irregularly punctured, the apical sutural angles slightly rounded, depressed in the centre and with a broad longitudinal white streak extending from the base to about one-fourth from the apex where it becomes dilated and trilobed. Pygidium coarsely and transversely strigose, with a large and somewhat triangular white spot on each side. Underside and legs very coarsely punctured, mesosternal process large, obliquely divergent and obtuse at the apex, sides of the metasternum and abdomen with white spots, anterior tibiz with two strong but obtuse lateral teeth. Kanara. The remarkable markings on the elytra render this a most conspicuous species and at once distinguish it from all others ; it is evidently allied to C. tetraspila, Hope, but is rather larger and of a broader, more depressed and quadrate form, and has the thorax more rounded at the sides. The two specimens submitted to me by Mr. Andrewes, one of which he has allowed me to retain, are apparently females, and were taken by Mr. Bell. 11. AGESTRATA ORICHALCEA, Lin., var. withilli, Hope. Kanara. 12. MacronoTa (IXORIDA) ALBOGUTTATA, Parry. Kanara. Two specimens taken by Mr. Bell, in flowers, in June. This species, described by Parry, from an Indian speci- men, is stated by him to have been also received from the Philippine Islands, and this locality is given as its habitat in the Munich Catalogue, there is but little doubt how- ever that the closely allied vdwa, Wall., propingua, Mohn., or mindanoensis, Mohn., all Philippine species, has been mistaken for it, and thus led to this error as to locality. 182 Mr, O. E. Janson’s List of the Cetoniide, 13. THNIODERA SANNIO, Jans. Belgaum; Kanara. I described this pretty species from five or six specimens received from Travancore all of which prove to be of the male sex; a good series collected by Mr. Bell include both the sexes; the female is very similar to the male but has the yellow markings on the thorax rather broader and more strongly marked with black punctures, the spot on the pygidium is broader and rounder, the abdominal yellow spots or stripes are much smaller, the legs are rather stouter, with stronger lateral teeth on the anterior tibize ; the abdomen is more convex, and the penultimate segment has a fringe of golden hairs. 14, GLYCYPHANA ALBOPUNCTATA, Fab. Kanara; Belgaum. On flowers, June and July. 15. GLYCYPHANA VERSICOLOR, Fab. Dharwar, on roses; Poona; Belgaum. June and July. 16. GLYCYPHANA ANDREWESI, 0. sp. Robusta, obscure viridis vel olivacea, supra opaca, subtus nitida ; thorace parce punctato, lateribus anguste albo-marginato ; scutello, elytris pygidioque albo-notatis. Long. 14-15 mm. Var. thorace utrinque postice, elytris vitta lata obscure sanguineis. Head coarsely and closely punctured at the base, the punctures finer and sparser towards the apex, clypeus broad, impressed on each side and deeply notched at the apex. Thorax more than one-third broader at the base than long, broadly emarginate before the scutel- lum, finely and remotely punctured on the disk behind, more coarsely punctured at the sides and in front, narrowly margined with white at the sides, and in some specimens with a large red basal spot on each side. Scutellum broad and triangular, impunctate, with a small white spot at the apex. LElytra with some rows of rather irregular semi-circular punctures, the discal costs but slightly raised behind and becoming obsolete towards the base, five to seven small white spots on each disposed as in the allied species, in some speci- mens with a broad longitudinal red stripe in the centre. Pygidium convex, coarsely and transversely strigose, the strie waved and 5 ee eee ae With Descriptions of the New Species. 183 interrupted in places but not very close together ; four white spots in a transverse row near the base. Underside coarsely strigose, with sparse hairs and white spots at the sides ; mesosternal process broad, a little dilated and rounded at the apex ; abdomen with a double row of transverse white spots on each side. Legs short and stout, the femora fringed with yellowish hairs, anterior tibize with two lateral teeth, tarsi black. Kanara; Belgaum. Allied to G. prasina, Hope, but rather larger and more robust with the scutellum broader and more obtuse, the clypeus less narrowed towards the apex, the whole punctuation of the head distinct and well separated (not confluent and forming striz as in that species), the punctuation of the thorax is also more sparse and not confluent at the sides, the pygidium is more coarsely and much less closely strigose and the mesosternal process is flatter, and broader at the apex, the upper surface is also devoid of the fine setae which are always more or less present in prasina, and the colour is darker, _ Mr. Andrewes took two specimens at Nagargali (Belgaum district) in April and May 1887, and received others from Mr. Bell who states both the type form and variety to be common on flowers in Kanara, in June. 17. EUMIMIMETICA IRRORATA, Wall. Cetona (2) trrorata, Wall, Trans. Ent. Soc., 3, iv, p. 588 (1868). Pseudanthracophora striatipennis, Kz., D. KE. Z., 1898, p. 407. Belgaum. Two specimens, taken by Mr. Andrewes during the rains in 1886, I find to agree perfectly with this species of which I possess the original type specimen from the collection of the late Major Perry ; this specimen 1s labelled “ Philippine Islands” and was described by Wallace as coming from that locality, but I have no doubt this is an error now that I have identified it as an Indian species. It comes in Burmeister’s section II. of the genus Anoplochilus and is closely allied to terrosa, Gory, for which Kraatz has (D. E. Z., 1881, p. 264) proposed a separate genus under the name of Humimimetica; it also agrees quite well with the characters given of his more recently created genus Pseudanthracophora, which therefore sinks 184 Mr. O. E. Janson’s List of the Cetonude, as a synonym and it is perhaps fortunate to be relieved of so unwieldy a name. 18. ANATONA STILLATA, Newm. Kanara; Belgaum. Very common in September and October on grass-stems. 19. CHILOLOBA ACUTA, Wiedm. Kanara; Belgaum. Very common in September and October, clinging to grass. 20. PROTAETIA REGALIS, Burm. Kanara, Mr. Bell, 21. PROTETIA ALBOGUTTATA, Vigors. Poona; Kanara; Belgaum. Very common on flowers and flying about in the gardens and fields, and very often taken in the house; in 1887 Mr. Andrewes noticed very few specimens until the commencement of the rains (about June 10th) when it became at once exceedingly common. The series in Mr, Andrewes’ collection exhibit remarkable variation in size, colour, and in the number and extent of the white spots. 22. PROTHTIA MACULATA, Fab. Kanara. 23. PROTATIA PEREGRINA, Hbst. Kanara; Belgaum. 24 ANTHRACOPHORA CRUCIFERA, Oliv. Kanara; Belgaum. Taken in June and July, also in September, at the exuding juices of trees, with Heterorrhina olivacea. 25. C@NOCHILUS TRABECULA, Schaum. Belgaum. A single male specimen taken by Mr. Aoneca oe during With Descriptions of the New Species. 185 the rains in 1886 and which he has kindly given to me, I refer, with but slight hesitation, to this species; it agrees fairly well with Westwood’s description and figure (Thesaurus Entom., p. 44, pl. 13, fig. 10) except that the colour is piceous black, the thorax rather broader behind and more finely punctured, the abdomen very deeply and broadly impressed, the anterior tibiz show no indication whatever of a third tooth and the posterior tibiz are strongly dilated on the inner side from the middle to the apex, the dilatation commencing abruptly and forming an acute angle, and very similar to that shown in Westwood’s figure (lc. fig. 3) of C. brunneus. As the chief of these points of difference are evident male characters I infer that Schaum’s original type specimen, from which West- wood’s description and figure are taken, is a female example, and that the male sex was unknown to either of them. 26. C@NOCHILUS PYGIDIALIS, n. sp. Elongatus, nigro-piceus, sub-nitidus; subtus rufo-piceus ; capite rugoso-punctato ; thorace sub-rotundato, postice truncato, crebre punctato; elytris tri-sulcatis, cribrissime aciculatis, lateribus punc- tatis; pygidio transverse carinato; tibiis anticis dilatatis, obtuse dentatis. Long. 16 millim. Elongate, piceous black, slightly shining, the pygidium, underside and legs reddish piceous and more shining. Head closely covered with coarse confluent punctures and with a rather strong transverse basal ridge, clypeus widened in front, with the angles rounded and the apical margin slightly emarginate and reddish. Thorax strongly rounded at the sides, widest just behind the middle, where it is a little broader than long, basal margin straight, with the lateral angles strongly rounded, very closely punctured and with an im- pressed median line extending from near the base to a little beyond the middle, a deep transverse fovea on each side at the base. Scutellum convex, closely punctured and very acute at the apex. Elytra very densely and irregularly aciculate and punctured, the base and sides more distinctly punctured, strongly trisuleate on the disk and with a deeply impressed line above the lateral sinus, rounded at the apex with the sutural angles obtuse. Pygidium divided by a very strong transverse ridge in the middle, the upper portion very closely and finely aciculate and with a small fovea on each side at the base, the lower portion irregularly but not very 186 Mr. O. E. Janson’s List of the Cetonride, ete. closely punctured, a little impressed at the sides and with a shght longitudinal central ridge. Underside strigose; prosternal spine large and fringed with yellow-brown hairs; posterior margin of the prosternum raised into an acute ridge in the centre; metasternum densely strigose and with decumbent yellowish pubescence. Legs punctured, femora fringed with short yellowish hairs, anterior tibize dilated towards the apex, a broad subapical tooth and the apex obtuse; posterior tibiz with deep, coarsely punctured strie. Belgaum. This species is evidently allied to C. yavanicus, Westw., but has the elytra trisuleate and densely aciculate, whereas in that species they are described as having six striz with the interstices rugosely punctured or sub- granulated and setose; from C. apicalis, Westw., it differs in having the elytra rounded instead of acuminated at the apex; the form of the pygidium also differs from both those species. A single specimen, apparently a female, taken by Mr. Bell in 1891, has been kindly given to me. 27. VALGUS PYGMZUS, Gory. Belgaum. A good series of specimens taken by Mr. Andrewes agree with Gory’s very brief description and also with the points mentioned by Schaum, except that I should describe the. colour as red-brown or castaneous, rather than dull sanguineous-red. It belongs to Burmeister’s section Oreoderus. | | CPi’) IX. A Classification of « new Family of the Lepidoptera. By Sir GEorGE F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., ete. [Read May 1st, 1901. ] Family SABALIAD, nov. Proboscis absent ; antenne of male with long drooping branches, of female with short branches. Forewing with vein 1 a slender, run- ning into 1b; le absent; 5 from above angle of discocellulars ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 from beyond 8 or absent; 11 from cell, free. Hindwing with the frenulum absent, the base of costa lobed ; vein 1 a to inner margin before tornus ; 1 c absent ; 5 from above angle of discocellulars ; 8 free from base, connected with the cell by a bar and approximated to 7 beyond the cell ; a precostal vein. The family cannot be called Lemoniadx which is preoccupied in the butterflies ; it is closely allied to the Brahmexide which however have the proboscis fully developed and a different facies. The genus Lemonia was placed by Dr. Aurivillius in the Striphoropterygide = EHupterotide, Iris vii, p. 186 (1894); this family however has the frenulum present and vein 8 of the hind- Wing widely separated from 7 beyond the cell. Species marked (*) are not in the British Museum. Key to the Genera. A. Fore tarsi with very large serrate terminal claws . Lemonia. B. Fore tarsi with the claws normal. (a.) Fore tibiz with curved claw at extremity on outer side and long curved claw at extremity of the joint of tarsus on inner side . . . . Sabalia. (b.) Fore tibize and tarsi without claws except the terminal claws of farsi . . . .-. . . . Spiramiopsis. Genus LEMONIA. Type. Demonia, Hiibn. Verz., p. 187 (1827). . . . . taraxaci. Crateronyx, Dup. Cat. ‘Meth, hép.; ‘p. 77 (1844) . . dumi. Proboscis absent ; palpi porrect not reaching beyond frontal tuft and fringed with long hair below; antenne of male with long drooping branches, of female with shorter branches ; fore tibiee and tarsi very TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IL (JULY) 188 Sir G. F. Hampson’s Classification of much shortened and broad, the first three tarsal joints armed with curved spines on outer side and with very long curved serrate claws at extremity ; mid and hind tibize with small terminal pairs of spurs ; head, thorax and abdomen clothed with rough hair. Forewing with vein 2 from beyond middle of cell ; 3 from long before angle ; 5 from above angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 from beyond 8, or absent, or 6 from cell ; 11 from cell. Hindwing with the frenu- lum absent ; the cell short; vein 2 from well before angle; 3 from near angle ; 5 from above angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked or from cell ; 8 free from base, connected with subcostal nervure by a bar at middle of cell, then approximated to 7 beyond the cell. Sect. I. Forewing with vein 10 absent. (1) LEMONIA SARDANAPALUS, Staud., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 48, p. 99 (1887); Gr.-Grschm. Rom. Mém. iv, p. 562, pl. 20, f 8. C. Asia. i NS NS O: )} Lh fy dy Lemoma sardanapalus, 3 4. Sect. IJ. Forewing with vein 10 present. A, Forewing with postmedial line. (a.) Forewing red-brown with the spot at end of cell yellow. . . dunv. (b.) Forewing pale with the aoe at a a ell dark. (a.) Forewing with the postmedial line pale, the spot at end of cell large . . . balcanica. - (b.) Forewing with the postmedial line eae the spot at end of cell small. (a.) Hindwing with postmedial line . . vaillantina. (b.) Hindwing without postmedial line . ballioni. B, Forewing without postmedial line. (a.) Forewing pale fulvous with black spot at endjer@ell: 6.6 40 Go Mee ee A New Family of the Lepidoptera. 189 (b.) Forewing fuscous brown, the veins with Pareidimeaks: <6 0%. » . » « philopalus. (2) LemMonrIA DuMI, Linn., Pit Suec., p. 293 (1761). Europe. (3) LEMONIA BALCANICA, Herr.-Schaif Schmett., Eur. II, p. 109, ff. 26-28 (1844). Armenia. GASTROPACHA BREMERI, Kol., Mel. Ent. v, p. 98, pl. 18, f. 2 (1846). | 14, , z Lemowia dumi, & }. (4) *LEMONIA VAILLANTINI, Oberth., Et. Ent. xiii, p. 28, pl. 6, f. 338 (1890). Algeria. (5) LEMONIA BALLIONI, Christ., Hon. Soc. Ent. Ross. xxl, p. 310 (1888), id Rom. Mém. v, p. 200, pl. 10, f. 2. Caucasus. *LEMONIA BALLIONI, var. ponticus, Auriv., Deutsch Ent. Zeit. Lép. vii, p. 188 (1894). Armenia. (6) LEMONIA TARAXACI, Esp. Schmett., 111, p. 68, pl. 8, ff. 6, 7 (1782). C. Europe. (7) *LEMONIA PHILOPALUS, Donz., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. at. £96, pl. 8, 1. 2 (1842) ; Oberth., Et. Ent. xiii, p- 28, pl. 6, ? 34 (1890). Barbary. Genus SABALIA. Type. Semen, Wk. xxii, 547 (1865)... . 2. 8 aie Heteranaphe, E. Sharpe, A.M.N.H. (6) v, p. 442 oo) . « Jacsont. Conventia, Weymer, Berl, Hnt. Zeit., 1896, p. 88. . sericaria. Proboscis absent ; palpi slight, paneer to just beyond frons ; an- tennz of male bipectinate with moderate drooping branches ; head and thorax clothed with long rough hair ; fore tibize short with curved 190 Sir G. F. Hampson’s Classification of claw at extremity on outer side ; lst joint of tarsus with long curved claw at extremity on inner side extending to beyond end of 2nd joint ; mid and hind tibize with small terminal pairs of spurs. Forewing with vein 3 from well before end of cell ; 5 from above angle of dis- cocellulars ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked, 10 absent ; 11 from cell. Hindwing with vein 3 from close to angle of cell ; 5 from above angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle, the upper part of cell short ; 8 free from base approximated to 7 beyond the cell and con- nected with the cell by a bar beyond middle. A. Head black. (a.) Tegule white... .°. 5 . 4+. 6. plemme (b.) Tegule black. (a.) Patagia with white patches . . . . . jacsons (b.) Patagia without white patches . . . . fulvicincta. (a.) Abdomen with dorsal orange bands. (b.) Abdomen with the segments slightly fringed with orange . . . . s . . déyppelscirchi. B. Mead orange... . © a20. «) ieee 9 = eee (1) SABALIA PICARINA, WIk. xxi, 548 (1865). E. Africa. (2) *SABALIA JACSONI, E. Sharpe, A.M.N.H. (6) v, p. 443 (1890). E. Africa. (3) SABALIA FULVICINCTA, n. sp. 6 Head and thorax black mixed with a few white hairs; palpi with orange hair at extremity ; antenne with the tufts of hair on basal joint orange ; femora and tibize with some orange hair ; abdomen black with dorsal orange bands and the extremity orange ; broad lateral whitish stripes from base to subterminal segment, the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th segments with sublateral orange tufts of hair at their extremities. Forewing black ; a yellowish white streak below base of costa ; a triangular patch in cell extending to near its extremity ; a triangular patch in submedian interspaces from base to origin of vein 2; a streak on inner area from near base to middle ; a spot beyond the cell intersected by vein 5 ; a small spot below base of vein 4 and larger spots below veins 3 and 2; a subterminal series of seven spots, incurved and the spots elongate towards costa. Hindwing yellowish white from base to beyond middle except on costal area ; the veins black ; the terminal area black, widest at costa, with sub- terminal series of six yellowish spots, incurved and larger towards costa, the spot towards tornus linear. Expanse 70 millim. Hab. NYASALAND, 1 $ type. A New Family of the Lepidoptera. 194 (4) *SABALIA TIPPELSCIRCHI, Karsch., Ent. Nachs. xxiv, p. 293 (1898). E. Africa. (5) *SABALIA SERICARIA, Weymer, Berl. Ent. Zeit., 1896, p. 88. E. Africa. Genus SPIRAMIOPSIS, nov. Proboscis absent ; palpi porrect to just beyond frontal tuft and fringed with long hair below ; antennz of male with long drooping branches, of female with short branches ; head and thorax clothed with long hair; eyes overhung by a brush of hair from below base of ( fi) Hf fp) =H ke Sabalia picarina, g }. antennee ; legs normal ; hind tibize with two pairs of spurs. Fore- wing with the apex slightly produced and acute, the termen strongly excurved ; the cell short ; vein 3 from well before angle; 5 from well above angle of discocellulars ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked, 10 from beyond 8; 11 fromeell. Hindwing with the cell short ; vein 3 from near angle; 5 from near upper angle; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 free from base, connected with cell by a bar at middle and closely approximated to 7 beyond the cell. SPIRAMIOPSIS COMMA, n. Sp. | | | | | | ¢ Head brownish white ; palpi red-brown above and with red- | brown hair at base; thorax red-brown with a white line behind | tegule and across patagia ; metathorax with white hair at extremity ; | | | | } 192 Sir G. F. Hampson’s Classification of Lepidoptera. pectus pale ochreous ; the tibiz whitish, fore coxe in front and inner side of fore tibize rufous ; abdomen dull white above with dark brown band at base, the anal tuft and ventral surface tinged with rufous. Forewing whitish ; the costal area tinged with ochreous brown and irrorated with black ; the basal area red-brown except costa, bounded by the oblique whitish antemedial line, the area beyond it tinged with red-brown to the oblique fuscous medial line which almost joins the antemedial line on inner margin and is interrupted by the large comma- shaped discoidal stigma which is red-brown pencilled with olive and defined by a strong black line and narrow ochreous line ; the terminal half tinged with rufcus ; an oblique whitish slightly sinuous post- medial line with series of dark points on its inner side ; an oblique Spiramiopsis comma, 6 +t. rufous striga from apex; some dark points on cilia. Hindwing ochreous the inner margin whitish ; a black discoidal point; a diffused black medial line, rufous at inner margin ; a curved black postmedial line rufous at inner margin. Underside of forewing with the comma black ; three indistinct minutely waved medial lines and a postmedial series of points, the terminal area white on inner half of both wings; hindwing with discoidal point, four waved black lines on medial area and a postmedial series of points. Expanse 60 millim. Hab, C. Cotony, Kowie R. (Dr. Becker), 1 3, Grahams- town. JULY 10, 1901. \d “nt Si 2001 Ceca oe ee ee oy ae X. The Carabid genus Pheropsophus: Notes and descrip- tions of new species. By GitBert J. ARRowW, FES. [Read May Ist, 1901.] Piare dx THE well-known genus Pheropsophus is in many ways one of special interest. One of the three or four genera known to have the power of producing a detonation when molested, its many species all have the sharply contrasted black and orange colouring so commonly prevailing in groups possessing special defensive endowments. Although it occurs throughout the hot regions of the globe except in oceanic islands, the majority of its members are African, America and Australasia together having only three or four widely-distributed but ill-defined species. The pre- dominant Oriental species also have a very wide distribu- tion and great range of variation, but the African forms (in common with those from India and Arabia) present a different condition, appearing to be more or less restricted in their range, and although in certain directions variable in coloration, presenting specific differentiations which are practically constant; so that, though upon a preliminary survey the marking appears to be subject to almost endless variation, a minute examination resolves the insects into numerous series characterized by apparently insignificant but almost invariable differences of coloration which are found to be correlated to differences of form and structure. The fact is probably that Africa and South-Western Asia form the original home of these insects, which spreading from thence all over the world, have met with new conditions in which forces which had operated against their variation and geographical expansion were absent. There is perhaps additional evidence of this in the fact that many of the species in the former countries are with- out wings, or have them in some stage of degeneration, while all those found in other regions are active insects with well-developed wings. The “less deviation of these from the normal should imply that they are of more recent date, but that the atrophy of the wings indicates no very great antiquity is shown by its occurrence in different TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND, 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 14 194 Mr. G. J. Arrow on sections of the genus and in species nearly related to winged forms. The excellent Monograph of the Brachynides published by Chaudoir in 1876 (Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., tom. 19, p. 16) still retains its usefulness, although the number of species known to him will probably prove ultimately to be only a fraction of those existing. I have therefore considered it sufficient, in order to bring our knowledge of the genus Pheropsophus up to date, to describe the new species known to me, and to give a few notes in those cases where increased knowledge has rendered Chaudow’s work in- — adequate. For easier identification I shall refer the species de- scribed here as new to their systematic position in the table given by Chaudoir, designating his sections by the name of the first species placed in them by him. The British Museum contains five species of this genus from Angola, viz. P. guineensis, Chaud., P. basigutiatus, Chaud., P. angolensis, Erichs., and two apparently new species. The first of these, which belongs to the “/asit- giatus” section of Chaudoir, I propose to call P. dimidiatus, sp. n. (Plate IX, fig. 8.) Testaceus, elytris abdomineque nigris, capite prothoraceque equaliter testaceis, immaculatis, hoc angusto, lateribus leevissime sinuatis, antice nonnihil rotundatis, postice valde approximatis, disco profunde sulcato ; scutello testaceo; elytris sat longis, costis valde elevatis, nitidis, humeris angulato-rotundatis, lateribus ubique leviter curvatis, pectore cum pedibus totis testaceis, mesosterno fusco bi- punctato. *Long. 15-17 m.m. Hab. ANGOLA. This closely resembles the 8. African P. /astigiatus, L., but the thorax is differently shaped, being longer and more narrowed behind. The meso- and metasternum in that insect are black except in the middle, while in P. dimidi- atus they are pale except for an inconspicuous black spot on each side opposite the middle coxe. | A specimen received from Mr. H. 8. Gorham was taken 300 miles from the coast of Angola, and a second from Quanga is in Mr. W. L. Distant’s collection. * The length in this and the succeeding new species is measured to the end of the elytral suture. é . % 2 The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. 195 It is not impossible that this may prove to be Erichson’s P. arcanus, if that species was described from a discoloured specimen; but it appears to me more probable that that species, which Chaudoir failed to identify, is the latter’s P. guineensis, which agrees better with the characters mentioned by Erichson and Gerstiicker. Chaudoir was probably misled by a wrong habitat, as well as his ignor- ance of P. angolensis, Erichs., with which P. arcanus is compared, and which belongs not to the section to which he has referred it, but to the next. P. abbreviatus, sp. n. (Plate IX, fig. 5.) Apterus, rufo-testaceus, elytris nigris, immaculatis, abdomine fusco ; capite prothoraceque omnino rufo-testaceis, hoc impunctato, angusto, lateribus bisinuatis basi contractis, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris brevibus, nigris, opacis, a basi ad post medium regulariter arcuate dilatatis, humeris obsoletis, apice oblique truncatis, costis paulo angustis; corpore subtus cum pedibus testaceis; abdomine metasternique lateribus piceis. Long. 16 m.m. Hab. ANGOLA (Dr. Welwitsch), Forest country, 2000- 3000 feet. This species belongs to the “obliquatus” section, and closely resembles P. bipartitus, Fairm., but 1s a trifle less narrow, the eyes are larger and the thorax longer and more sinuated at the sides, its posterior angles being more acute than in any species known to me except the S. American forms. The elytral cost are also less narrow. | P. halteri, Chaud., has been announced by Mr, Péringuey as a variety of P. fastigiatus, L., upon examination of specimens from Rustenburg (Transvaal). Having ex- amined a considerable number of Pheropsophi from the Transvaal, collected by Mr. W. L. Distant and others, I feel satisfied that Mr. Péringuey has not the true P. _halteri, of which all the specimens known to me are from Natal. Although it may very likely occur also in the eastern part of the Transvaal, it appears to be represented in the western part by P. fastigiatus, which is abundant. The specimens I have examined of the latter show hardly any variation, and no trace of the narrow black border to the thorax characteristic of P. halteri. M. Oberthiir has confirmed my opinion as to the specific distinctness of P. haltert from a careful examination of the type in his collection. 196 Mr. G. J. Arrow on The following is another new species nearly related to P. abbreviatus, but of elongate form. P, exiguus, sp. 0. Parvus, angustus, apterus, testaceus, elytris totis, metasterni lateribus abdomineque nigris; capite prothoraceque immaculatis, oculis haud prominentibus, prothorace elongato, lateribus antice leviter curvatis, parte quarto postico parallelis, disco convexo ; scutello testaceo ; elytris a basi ad post medium leviter ampliatis, paulo elongatis sed apice valde incurvato-truncatis, humeris fere obsoletis, costis fortiter elevatis, quam intervallis latioribus. Long. 12 m.m. Hab. ConGO FREE STATE, Mpala District. This species, one of the smallest of its genus known to me and the smallest of the African species, is quite unmistakable from its rather peculiar form. Although one of the wingless insects with sloping shoulders and emarginate extremity to the elytra, the latter are not of the short and broad pattern generally distinctive of these apterous forms. Both thorax and elytra are long and narrow and the elytral costz are very broad and prominent. Specimens collected by M. Guilleme near the western shores of Lake Tanganyika have been kindly presented to the Museum by M. René Oberthur. P. pallidepunctatus, sp. 0. Apterus, testaceus, prothoracis marginibus antica et postica, elytris, mesosterni partibus abdomineque nigris, genubus leevissime fusco-plagiatis, elytris punctis humeralibus et discoidalibus pallide fulvis ornatis ; prothorace paulo elongato, antice et postice nigro, marginibus nigris medio paulo intrudentibus, lateribus antice parum rotundatis, postice fere parallelis ; elytris brevibus, humeris fere obliteratis, lateribus regulariter curvato-ampliatis, postice conjunctim arcuate truncatis, macula humerali subrotundata extus epipleuras tingente et secunda discoidale punctiforme pallide flavis, margine apicali vix perspicue testaceo-tincta, costis angustis. Long. 14 m.m. Hab. PoRTUGUESE E. AFRICA, Beira. This insect, found by Mr. R. Sheppard and kindly sent to me by Mr. G. A. K. Marshall, is sharply separated from the speciés most nearly related to it by the black ee ee ee ee ee eee The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. 197 front and hind borders of the thorax. It must be asso- ciated with P. senegalensis, although its markings are of a much simpler type and connect it rather with P. dwwx and raffrayi, of Chaudoir. The latter have no humeral spot as in the new species, but P. raffrayi resembles it also in the pale colour of the elytral decoration. In shape and size P. pallidepunctatus is very similar to the next species. P. gracilis, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 6.) Apterus, testaceus, capite prothoraceque immaculatis, elytris nigris, opacis, puncto humerali acute producto, macula media plus minusve rotundata marginibusque laterali et apicali (ad suturam perspicue dilatata) flavis ; corpore subtus cum pedibus pallide testaceis, meso- sterni latere abdomineque nigris, genubus leviter nigro-maculatis ; prothorace paulo elongato, antice parum rotundato, postice valde angustato, angulis fere acutis; elytris brevibus, humeris vix evident- ibus, lateribus regulariter curvato amplatis, postice paulo arcuate truncatis, costis valde elevatis. Long. 13°5-15 m.m. Hab. E, Arnica, Lamu I. This pretty little beetle is intermediate between the species just described and P. senegalensis, Dej., but most nearly related to the latter. It has almost exactly the size and shape of that insect, but is characterized by a rather less development of the yellow pigment. The scutellum, which is normally yellow in P. senegalensis, is dark in the new species, the humeral spot is narrower and more angulated behind, and the median patch is reduced to a large disconnected spot of almost regularly rounded outline. The apical border is narrow, turning inwards at the suture, but with a hardly broken outline, and the curvature of the extremity of the elytra is very slight. The black upon the knees is another slight differential character. | Pheropsophus nigrwentris, Chaud. (P. sansibaricus, Har.), is very near this species, but in it the elytral spot is more irregular in outline and united to the yellow margin. P. lwingstoni, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 9.) P. capensi multo affinis sed scutello testaceo, costis latioribus elytrorumque margine distincta apice recte demarcata. Rufo- testaceus, abdomine elytrisque nigris, his macula media angulata 198 Mr. G. J. Arrow on puncto parvo humerali, margine tenui basali deinde ad scutelli apicem, latere externo apiceque conspicuo non ad interstita interrupto flavis; capite, prothorace, scutello pedibusque ommnino testaceis, humeris evidentibus. Long. 15-17 m.m. Hab. LAKE NGAMI. Two specimens in the British Museum were collected on the Livingstone Expedition about 1862, and another from Lake Ngami is in Mr. Gorham’s collection. The species is very much like P. capensis, Chaud., but easily distinguished from it by the well-defined apical margin to the elytra and the greater breadth of the costz. The scutellum is yellow, as well as the parts of the elytra immediately adjoining it, and the humeral mark is closely connected with the lateral margin, whereas in P. capensis it is normally completely detached. The next species as well as that just described belongs to the “africanus” section of Chaudoi. P. nyase, sp. nD. Testaceus, elytris (lateribus, apice extremo, costarum extremi- tatibus, puncto minuto humerali fasciaque media exceptis) segmen- torumque abdominalium marginibus nigris; capite prothoraceque omnino testaceis, hoc impunctato, paulo breve, lateribus fere usque ad basin leviter rotundatis, hinc parallelis, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris paulo angustis, lateribus subparallelis, humeris evidentibus, apice parum truncatis, margine laterali, puncto minuto humerali cum hac juncto, apice extremo angustissime, costarum extremitatibus fasciaque a margine ad costam tertiam attingente intus dilatata testaceis, costis validibus. Long. 15-17 m.m. Hab. NYASALAND. This insect is closely allied to the preceding and P. capensis, Chaud., the extremity of the elytra being, as in the latter, only very vaguely tinged with yellow. The prothorax has a different outline, the sides being more gradually curved so that the broadest diameter is not much in front of the middle, and the median elytral mark is united to the marginal line and more or less club- shaped instead of zigzag. The species seems also to be allied to P. transvaalensis, Péring., described as having the abdomen black with the centre yellowish, and a broad discoidal band to the elytra. — 29 ye) a ee ee ee eee : : : The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. 199 P. marginatus, De}., seems to be the representative of a group of very nearly related species occurring in West Africa, which have not all been closely associated by Chaudoir. Of several of these I have been able to compare con- siderable series, in which the differences although very slight are remarkably constant. To enable these to be readily separated I have given the chief distinctive characters in a tabular form. All these species are approximately alike in form, size and elytral marking, and have the yellow apical border more or less sharply defined. A, Thorax immaculate. (a.) Apical border of elytra straight: scut- elljm black. . . parallelus, De}. (b.) Apical border of ene ae scutellum yellow .. . bifasciatus, Chaud. (c.) Apical border of elytra Aen ene scutellum and elytraadjoining yellow Sbeauvoisi, De}. B. Thorax marked with black. (a.) Apical border of elytra bisinuate . . marginatus, Dej. (Os). -s5 r » straight: fascia narrow. 1. Head pale, black spotted . . . . congoensis, Arrow. 2. Head darker behind, not spotted. . vecticollis, Arrow. Although Chaudoir has himself regarded his P. bifas- ciatus (“bisuleatus” in Gemminger’s Catalogue) as a variety of P. parallelus, the differences are quite constant in a good series which I have examined, and I therefore regard it as specifically distinct. The correctness of the identification of P. marginatus, De}., with Mr. Andrew Murray’s specimens from Old Calabar (now in the British Museum) is confirmed by a specimen from Asaba, in the district from which M. Dejean’s type is said to have been brought. ‘This specimen exactly agrees with Murray’s examples and with others brought from Old Calabar by Miss Kingsley in 1894. The species differs from those following, in addition to the characters mentioned in the above table, by the black markings upon the pronotum which are not definitely limited interiorly and do not reach the lateral borders. There is usually an anterior mark in the form of a triangle of which the base is not broader than the sides. The spot upon the vertex, as in the following species, is sometimes quite absent. 200 Mr. G. J. Arrow on P. congoensis, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 7.) Testaceus, prothoracis marginibus antica et postica nigris, ad latera attingentibus et haec sepe colorantibus; elytris nigris, macula angulata humerali, fascia angusta multidentata media ad marginem externam attingente marginibusque laterali et apicali flavis, margine apicali tenui, subtiliter dentato, vix ad suturam ascendente ; corpore subtus infuscato, pectoris partibus mediis pedibusque flavis, genubus leviter infuscatis ; capite seepe nigro-punctato, prothorace fere trans- verso, lateribus antice rotundato-ampliatis, postice paulo concavis, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris fere parallelis, humeris evidentibus. Long. 14-17 m.m. Hab. UPPER CoNnao. This species, of which I have examined many examples, closely resembles P. marginatus, but the apical border of the elytra is very narrow and not sharply limited interiorly and the black front and hind borders to the prothorax extend right across to the sides and may even tinge the extreme lateral margins. P. recticollis, sp. n. Preecedenti valde affinis, capite prothoraceque rufo-testaceis, illo ante oculos pallidiore, prothorace antice et postice vage lateribusque extremis subtilissime nigro-marginatis, his vix arcuatis, prothorace postice paulo contracto, elytris nigris, macula humerali non angulata, fascia angusta media dentata ad marginem externam attingente marginibusque laterali et apicali ut in preecedenti flavis; corpore subtus testaceo, mesosterno lateraliter abdomineque plus minusve infuscatis, pedibus testaceis, genubus nigro-maculatis. Long. 15 m.m. Hab. UprErR CoNnaco. I have seen four specimens of this species, which may be very easily confounded with P. congoensis. The differential characters, however, though slight, are numerous and con- stant. The head and thorax are of a deeper colour, the extent of which is limited anteriorly by a curved line be- tween the eyes, and there is no black spot on the vertex. The prothorax is longer, less dilated in front and broader behind. The elytral fascia is a little less dentate, the humeral spot is less pointed behind, there is less black on the underside and the knees are more deeply tinged. But for the difference of habitat I should regard this as probably identical with some of the specimens referred The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. 201 to P. cinctus, Gory, by Chaudoir, but it seems very unlikely that the insect can range from Senegal to the Upper Congo. The species called tenwicostis by Chaudoir will require a new name, for I cannot regard that used as admissible, P. tenwicostis, Laferté, being by his showing synonymous: with P. cinctus, Gory. I propose for it the name lafertet. I have scen two specimens of P. marginipennis, Lap., which Chaudoir suggested might be a variety of P. parallelus. It is a quite distinct species with no trace of median ornament. The elytra are rather shorter, with less elevated costze, and the apical border is sinuated and rather vaguely limited. P. tristis, sp. n. Rufo-testaceus, verticis puncto, prothoracis marginibus antica et postica lineaque media nonnunquam interrupta nigris, lateribus antice valde arcuate ampliatis, postice contractis, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris longis, angustis, obscure nigris, marginibus laterali et apicali tenuissime (rarius epipleuris totis suffusis) flavis, humeris prominentibus, lateribus parallelis, costis latis, parum elevatis ; corpore subtus pedibusque testaceis, epimeris plus minusve abdomineque toto infuscatis. Long. 16 m.m. Hab. ConeGo, Stanley Pool. Also belonging to Chaudoir’s “africanus” section, this species is perhaps most allied to P. palmarwm, Chaud., of which there are examples in our collection from the same locality. The head and thorax are almost the same as in that species, but the elytra are rather longer and less shin- ing, the costz being flatter and broader. The shoulders are more prominent and the sides of the elytra more paral- lel. The extreme margins alone are yellow, this colour being sometimes hardly traceable at the sides and some- times covering the whole of the epipleure. I have examined four specimens, of which two are in the British Museum and two in Dr. E. A. Heath’s collection. P. arabicus, sp. n. Parvus, angustus, testaceus, abdomine elytrisque nigris ; capite immaculato, prothoracis marginibus antica et postica nigris, lateribus valde bisinuatis, disco medio profunde suleato ; elytris tenuiter costa- tis, lateribus parallelis, humeris evidentibus, singulo elytro macula magna subrotundata flava ornato, margine apicali flava, intus haud 202 Mr. G. J. Arrow on distincte demarcata ; corpore subtus cum pedibus testaceis, abdomine sternique suturis nigris, genubus vix infuscatis. Long. 12°5-15 m.m. Hab. ARABIA, Hadramaut, etc. Several specimens were obtained during the late Mr. Theodore Bent’s explorations, and one was found by Capt. Burton. This is another species of the “africanus” section closely resembling P. hilaris, F., from which it differs most mark- edly in the absence of a yellow lateral border to the elytra. The median elytral spots are more rounded and do not - extend to the epipleure. It has a rather elongate appear- ance owing to the attenuated elytra and non-prominent eyes, the prothorax being about as broad as it is long. The insects described are those mentioned by Mr. Gahan in 1895 as a variety of P. africanus, to which it has also a close resemblance, although differing in many slight char- acters. In addition to the absence of the black front and hind borders to the prothorax, the elytra of that species are distinctly shorter and more truncate and the median yellow mark is produced laterally so as at least to touch the epipleuree. Chaudoir has regarded as a variety of P. hilaris, F., the insect described by Dejean as P. sobrinus, and which has been since redescribed by M. Maindron as P. desbordest, for what reason I do not know, unless he considers it to have been wrongly identified by Chaudoir. Dejean’s insect is described as having a humeral spot, whereas there seems to be normally no trace of this in the species under con- sideration. It seems likely, however, that the type of P. sobrinus may be a somewhat abnormal specimen, for there are examples in our collection in which a minute vestige of yellow is traceable on the shoulder. P. hilaris is a vari- able insect, the black borders of the prothorax having a tendency to widen until they cover the whole disc, while in such highly coloured specimens a large black spot appears upon the head. It is therefore not at all impossible, although I have seen no truly intermediate forms, that P. sobrinus, in which the prothorax is wholly pale, is a variety of it. Two specimens of this latter form were brought by Messrs. Grant and Forbes from the island of Socotra. «From the detailed description given by Chaudoir of his P. catowei, it is apparent to me that he confused more than one species. Being misled probably by Dejean’s com- The Caralid genus Pheropsophus. 203 parison of his insect with P. discicollis he assumed that P. catowet was an insect with a similarly bordered thorax, whereas the diagnosis refers to it as ‘‘immaculate” in express contrast to that of P. discicollis. Similarly the mention of larger humeral spot, broader apical band and prothorax wider anteriorly all apply to a species of which the British Museum contains representatives from Calcutta, Madras, Sind, Dacca, etc., but not to Chaudoir’s species with bordered thorax and black knees, which I propose to call P. chaudoirt. This form, of which there are specimens in our collection from Nepal, has a small humeral spot and narrow apical border. P. lineifrons, Chaud., although closely allied and regarded by its author as a variety only, appears to me, after a comparison of numerous examples, to be specifically distinct. P. migricollis, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 2.) Robustus, niger, parum nitidus, capite, linea media _ excepta, pedibus, pectoris medio cum episternis posticis, elytrorum humeris, macula magna media apiceque tenuiter testaceis ; a margine clypei postica ad collum macula nigra sagittiforme currente ; prothorace omnino nigro, paulo elongato, lateribus valde bisinuatis, disco convexo, parcissime punctato ; elytris latis, humeris distinctis, deinde fere ad apicem dilatantibus, lateribus arcuatis, costis fortibus, macula humerali parva rotundata, fascia media lata, a marginibus laterali et suturali angustissime separata, apice extremo costarumque extremi- tatibus flavis, genubus subtiliter infuscatis. Long. 15-16 m.m. Hab. 8. Inp1A, Bangalore. P. mgricollis is a form very close to P. bimaculatus, L., although according to Chaudoir’s classification it should be placed in the following section, the mark upon the head extending from behind the eyes to the posterior border of the clypeus. The head and thorax are distinctly narrower than those of P. bimaculatus, and the latter is wholly of a pure shining black colour, but the shape and coloration of the elytra are almost the same as in that species. I have seen exceptional specimens in which there are traces of red upon the thorax. M. Oberthiir has sent me a remarkable variety of P. bimaculatus in which the elytral band has united with the humeral spot and suffused two-thirds of the elytra, only the posterior third, the sutural line (slightly expanded below the scutellum), and two vestiges below the shoulder 204 Mr. G. J. Arrow on remaining black. As this seems to be a local form, M. Oberthiir having received three similar specimens from Mt. Kodeicanel, it may be useful to name it var. posticalis. Pheropsophus assamensis, Chaud., placed by him just before P. bimaculatus, is the West African P. palmarum. I have been enabled to examine the type, which only owes its description to the mistake as to its locality. P. stenoderus, Chaud., of which I have examined a good many specimens in the British Museum and the Hope Collection at Oxford, is allied to P. bimaculatus, L., although it must be referred to the “madagascariensis” section of Chaudoir. It is intermediate in coloration between P. bimaculatus and P. marginalis, but in form is nearer to the first, which it resembles also in the absence of a yellow lateral margin to the elytra and the less irregular median patches (which however are much smaller than in that species), while the straight-sided thorax and the black mark upon the head are shaped as in the second. The humeral spots are large and rounded and the apical margin is rather indefinite. P. curtus, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 3.) Haud elongatus, niger, capite linea tenui circum oculos, linea transversa frontali, clypei punctis duobus, prothoracis macula parva laterali intra marginem, elytrorum macula parva humerali, fascia media angusta dentata ad epipleuras attingente, his plus minusve, apice extremo, costarumque extremitatibus, flavis ; corpore subtus, capite excepto, infuscato, pedibus cum coxis testaceis, genubus brun- neis; capite brevi, prothorace paulo latiore quam longitudinem, lateribus antice modice curvato-ampliato, elytris sat latis, humeris prominentibus, lateribus fere parallelis. Long. 13-15 m.m, Hab. 8. Inp1A, Malabar; Kanara (Andrewes Coll.). This is alhed to P. fuscicollis, De}., but is smaller and rather less elongate. It is very similar to that species in coloration, but the yellow epipleure and the peculiar mark- ing of the head easily distinguish it. The latter is black upon its upper surface, with the exception of narrow pale rings round the eyes meeting in a transverse line behind the antennze, two small spots on the clypeus and the greater part of the mouth organs. I have seen six specimens of the insect. P. ocewpitalis, McLeay, regarded by Chaudoir as belong- ing to P. javanus, Dej., and of which the type is in the The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. 205 British Museum, is identical with P. fuscicollis, De}. The two names were published in the same year and I have no means of determining which is entitled to precedence. It is interesting to record the occurrence in New Guinea of the North Australian Pheropsophus australis, Lap. A series of specimens have been received from there by Dr. E. A. Heagh which are identical with one in our collection from Port Darwin, on the north coast of Australia. I can- not consider this insect, however, as more. than a race of P. verticalis, De}j., although the typical form of that species may be confined to the more southerly part of Australia. The differential characters described are subject to great variation; the median fascia may entirely disappear, the ‘apical border seems never entirely absent, and the form of the elytra is inconstant. The name of papuensis has been bestowed by McLeay upon a single specimen of this form from New Guinea. The author regarded it as distinct on account of its elongate thorax, but a glance at a series of specimens shows this character to be of no importance, the proportions of the thorax in this, as in other species, being remarkably variable. P. heathi, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 1.) Robustus, testaceus, elytris maculis communibus duabus nigris ; prothorace antice lato, lateribus bisinuatis, postice valde contractis, angulis posticis rectis; elytris convexis, apice parum truncatis, an- guste costatis, interstitiis levibus, disperse granulatis, humeris promi- nentibus, maculis humeralibus, media (non interrupta) et apicale lateraliter confluentibus areis duabus magnis nigris includentibus, scutello, cum puncto parvo subscutellari, corpore subtus pedibusque testaceis. Long. 19°5 m.m. Hab. Burma, Moulmein. The type of this fine species has been presented to the Museum by Dr. E. A. Heath, who possesses a second speci- men. It is remarkable as showing a greater apparent relationship to the American section of the genus than to any other. In size and coloration it most resembles the variety succinctus of P. xquinoctialis, L., and in a more important characteristic, viz. the peculiar surface of the elytra, it is totally unlike any other known Old World form. The fine longitudinal striation of the elytral inter- stices so general throughout the genus is entirely absent, 206 The Carabid genus Pheropsophus. the costz are sharp and little elevated, and the intervals are shining and strewn with minute granules. This con- dition is only known to occur elsewhere in the South American P. riviert, Dem. (of which I consider P. flexuosus, Chaud., to be only a variety). The coloration of P. heathi is almost of the usual type, but with a greater reduction than usual of the black pigment, the median orange band being continuous and, with the broad apical border, enclos- ing an approximately oval black patch, while a more irregular patch is formed anteriorly. The following Madagascan species should be placed with P. emarginatus according to Chaudoir’s tabulation, but it has a close relationship to P. humeralis (omostigma), Chaud., from which it differs in not having functional wings, with the corresponding conformation of the elytra. P. perrott, sp.n. (Plate IX, fig. 4.) Apterus, testaceus, macula verticis cordiforme, prothoracis margine toto lineaque mediana, elytris (puncto humerali marginibusque externis exceptis), abdomine, pectore partim genubusque nigris ; prothoracis lateribus leviter arcuatis ; elytris fere ad apices leviter ampliatis, humeris vix perspicuis, apicibus conjunctim curvato- truncatis, costis angustis, puncto humerali, limbo (cum illo juncto) apiceque flavis, apice distincto, externe lato sed ad suturam attenuato. Long. 17 m.m. Hab. N. Mapacasoar, Diego Suarez Bay. This insect well illustrates the important divergences which in this genus may underlie apparently insignificant superficial distinctions. At first sight this species seems almost identical with P. humeralis, but in addition to the atrophy of the wings there are numerous slight differ- ences. The spot on the vertex of the head is not pro- duced backwards, the thorax is more widened in front, the shoulders are less prominent and the apices of the elytra are truncated more sharply and in a uniform curve. The dorsal ridges are narrower, and, finally, the antennze are longer and stouter. Four specimens have been kindly presented to us by M. René Oberthur, by whose wish I have named it after the collectors, Messrs. E. and B. Perrot. EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX. Fig. 1, Pheropsophus heathi, Arrow. 2. ry nigricollis, Arrow. 3 ms curtus, Arrow. A, a perroti, Arrow. 5 5 abbreviatus, Arrow. 6 5 gracilis, Arrow. 7 $5 congoensis, Arrow. 8 > dimidiatus, Arrow. 9 ss livingston, Arrow. ( 209 ) XI. A further contribution to our knowledge of African Phytophagous Coleoptera. By Martin Jacosy, F.E.S. [Read May Ist, 1901.] PLATE X,; THE following is a list of my former publications on African Phytophaga :— Transactions Entom. Soc. London, 1888. Annales Soc. Entomol. de Belgique, 1893. (Species of Lema. ) Novitates Zoologice, 1894. Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1895. Transact. Ent. Soc. London, 1895. Proceedings Zool. Soc. London, 1897. 7 ee 1898. \ 7. 1900. Ann. and Magaz. Natur. Hist. London, 1898. The specimens, the subject of this paper, have been received partly from Mr. Guy Marshall at Mashonaland, Mr. Cecil Barker at Malvern, Natal, and partly from the Belgian Museum; the insects previously received have been described by me in the publications above mentioned. The present paper deals with the Crioceride, Clythride, Cryptocephalide, Chrysomeide and Humolpide. The Galerucide and Halticidx will be the subject of the second part. Lema sanguinipennis, sp. n. Broad and robust, black, thorax dilated anteriorly, finely punctured, closely so behind the sulcus, elytra dark reddish with a sutural depression below the base, strongly punctate-striate anteriorly, the interstices costate at the sides near the apex only. Length 8 millim, Head with the portion between the eyes strongly raised and partly and divided posteriorly, sparingly punctured, eyes deeply notched, antennz scarcely extending to the middle of the elytra, black, the second and third joint small, equal, twice the length of TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (SEPT.) 15 210 Mr. M. Jacoby on the second one, terminal joints widened, but longer than broad; thorax strongly widened anteriorly, not longer than broad, the sides moderately constricted, the anterior angles obtuse, not tuberculiform, the surface with an obsolete fovea near the anterior angles, finely and irregularly punctured, the base broadly transversely sulcate, this portion more strongly and closely punctured than the rest of the surface, scutellum black, its apex truncate; elytra with an oblique depression below the base, the punctures large anteriorly and within the depression, much finer and more elongate in shape posteriorly, below and the legs black, clothed with thin greyish pubescence. Hab. NATAL, Malvern (C. Barker). This species, although closely allied to L. rufipennis, Lac., in coloration differs in its much smaller size and in the punctuation of the thorax and that of the elytra, the former part in Z. rufipennis has a narrow and deep basal sulcus and the portion behind it is impunctate, while in the present insect the sulcus is broad and shallow, not well-defined, and the portion below it is strongly and closely punctured, the sculpturing of the elytra is finer and closer, almost striate-punctate, and the basal depres- sion is wanting in Lacordaire’s species. I received two specimens from Mr. C. Barker. Lema pubsfrons, Jac. This species is subject to some variation in regard to the colour of the head and that of the legs, in some speci- mens the former is reddish, in others black, but the grey pubescence is constant, the thorax shows also in each case the anterior lateral groove besides the basal sulcus; speci- mens received from Mr. Barker at Malvern have the lower portion of the tibiz and the tarsi blackish, and Mr. Marshall has forwarded specimens from Salisbury which have the posterior four femora entirely black, in all other respects all the specimens agree. Lema ashantiensis, sp. 0. Black below, above rufous, thorax scarcely constricted at the sides, obsoletely sulcate anteriorly, distinctly so posteriorly, finely punctured at the middle, elytra sub-foveolate punctate, the interstices strongly costate at the apex. Length 8-10 millim, African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 211 Head reddish fulvous at the base, the anterior portion black, the space between the eyes raised into two tubercles, the eyes deeply notched, antenne extending nearly to the middle of the elytra, black, robust, the third and the following joints of nearly equal length and thickness, the terminal joints shorter ; thorax not broader than long, the sides but little constricted at the middle, the anterior angles with a small tubercle, the disc with several rows of very fine punctures at the middle, the anterior portion with a short transverse suleus at the sides close to the anterior margin and more or less distinct, the base with the usual sulcus well marked, scutellum truncate at the apex, elytra without any basal depression, sub- cylindrical, reddish fulvous, the punctures deep, large and closely placed especially so near the apex where they gradually diminish in . size, the interstices at the same place strongly costate, below and the legs black, sparingly pubescent. Hab. ASHANTI, West Africa. Of this species I possess two specimens; it forms another link in the little group of African ZLema’s to which ZL. armata, Lac., and L. hottentota belong, but differs from all of them in the structure of the thorax, the sides of which are better described as concave than constricted; the surface also is nearly smooth, not transversely plicate, and has another short sulcus anteriorly as described above ; the elytra show no trace of a basal depression, and the antenne and legs are entirely black as well as the under side. | Lema vmpressicollis, sp. n. Black below, above fulvous, thorax transversely subquadrate, tuberculate anteriorly, the disc with two deep longitudinal sulci, elytra closely and deeply punctate-striate, the interstices at the apex, convex. Length 53 millim, | Head fulvous at the base, the anterior portion black, finely pubescent, the space between the eyes raised into two oblong eleva- tions, eyes triangularly notched, antennze nearly extending to the middle of the elytra, black, all the joints rather robust, the third and fourth equal, rather short ; thorax slightly broader than long, strongly constricted at the middle, the anterior angles acutely tuber- culiform, the basal sulcus deep, the disc with a deep longitudinal groove at each side, extending from the base to the transverse suleus, the space below the latter transversely plicate, the rest of the surface impunctate, elytra with very deep and closely placed 212 Mr. M. Jacoby on punctures, which diminish in size posteriorly, where the interstices are also longitudinally costate, below and the legs black, clothed with very short yellow pubescence. Hab. DELAGOA Bay. I only know of a single specimen of this species, which differs entirely from any other Lema with which I am acquainted, in the two longitudinal] deep thoracic grooves which are not foveiform but elongate and narrow, in other respects the species is allied to LZ. armata, Lac. Lema brfoveata, sp. n. Below black, above metallic dark greenish, thorax subquadrate, closely punctured, the sides feebly constricted, elytra with a deep fovea below the base of each, not very deeply punctate-striate, the ninth row not interrupted, the base of the tarsi often fulvous, Length 4 millim. Head remotely punctured, with deep central and lateral grooves, the eyes very large, deeply triangularly notched, antenne scarcely reaching to the middle of the elytra, black, the basal joints more or less fulvous below, the third and fourth equal, terminal joints slightly thickened ; thorax as broad as long, very feebly constricted at the sides, the anterior angles in shape of a small tubercle, the surface closely and strongly punctured except at the middle near the anterior margin, the basal portion with a feeble transverse-sulcus which extends a little way obliquely upwards at the sides, elytra with a deep oblique fovea near the suture below the base, with closely placed rather elongate punctures, distinct to the apex and larger within the fovee, the interstices only costiform near the apex at the sides and impunctate, legs and the tarsi elongate, the base of each joint of the latter more or less fulvous. Hab, Natau, Jsipango, Malvern (C. Barker). One of the smaller-sized species, and well distinguished by the closely-punctured thorax and its tuberculate anterior angles and by the deep elytral fovea, the entire upper surface is greenish eneous; L. azwrea, Lac., is of double the size and has only an elytral depression. Lema pulchella, Peringuey. This seems to me to be a somewhat doubtful species, which the author compares with JZ. chalcoptera and L. aenea, Lac., but does not point out the differences; the African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 213 rufous patch at the top of the bead is also more or less present in ZL. chalcoptera, and other differences I cannot see in the description which is scarcely detailed enough, nor is the exact locality of the species given. Crioceris transvalensis, sp. 0. The head, antennez, the breast and abdomen more or less black, thorax fulvous, subangulate anteriorly, the dise with deep punctures in rows, elytra closely punctate-striate, flavous, the suture black, the lateral margins reddish-fulvous, Length 6 millim. Of very elongate and narrow shape, the head deeply constricted behind the eyes, the neck and the vertex flavous, the space surround- ing the eyes black, the latter very prominent and large, labrum flavous, antennze very short and robust, black, the lower four joints shining, the rest pubescent, transversely widened ; thorax slightly broader than long, strongly narrowed at the base, the anterior portion forming a round angle before the middle, the disc with a row of strong punctures at each side and another near the middle forming a semicircle, reddish-fulvous, the anterior and posterior margin narrowly flavous, scutellum black; elytra regularly and closely punctate-striate, flavous, the suture narrowly black in shape of a longitudinal stripe, the sides with a similar reddish-fulvous band, both not quite reaching the apex, below and the base of the femora black, the other parts of the legs and the sides of the abdomen flavous, tibize with a blackish stripe at their outer side. Hab. TRANSVAAL. This Crioceris agrees in structural details entirely with C. balyt, Har., likewise from Africa, but the markings of the elytra are entirely different and the latter are devoid of any transverse bands and their punctuation is more regularly and closely arranged. I possess a single specimen of this species. Poecilomorpha fulvicornis, sp. n. Black, the antennze (the basal joints excepted) fulvous, head and thorax pubescent, impunctate, elytra flavous, finely punctured and clothed with fulvous hairs. Length 7 millim. Head broad, the clypeus separated from the face by a transverse groove, the antennz extending to the base of the thorax, fulvous, the lower four joints black, the fifth and following transversely 214 Mr. M. Jacoby on widened ; thorax one-half broader than long, the sides widened at the middle, the surface with a transverse anterior and posterior sulcus, black, impunctate and clothed with grey pubescence, scutellum black, pubescent ; elytra finely but not closely punctured, flavous, the pubescence fulvous, the suture extremely narrowly black, below and the legs black, clothed with long white hairs. Hab. East AFRICA. A small species of which I possess a single specimen without detailed locality and of similar coloration as P. senegalensis, Lac., the posterior legs are unfortunately wanting, the insect has the antennze of Poecilomorpha and the thorax of Zeucastra on account of the two sulci, although the posterior groove is very narrow, and either genus would have been suitable for its reception; the fulvous antennee and the white long pubescence of the under side separates the species from P. senegalensis. Poecilomorpha bieolor, sp. un. Reddish-fulvous, shining, the antennz and the anterior four legs black, thorax strongly angulate near the base, impunctate, elytra finely and remotely punctured, with short fulvous pubescence. Length 7 millim. Head rather strongly punctured between the eyes, clypeus separated by a deep transverse groove, palpi thin, fulvous, antennz with the fifth and the following joints strongly transversely dilated, black, the basal joint obscure flavous; thorax with the sides strongly obliquely narrowed anteriorly and strongly angulate at the base with a deep transverse groove near the anterior margin and a more obsolete one near the base, the disc entirely impunctate and sparingly clothed with fulvous pubescence, elytra fulvous and shining, not closely but distinctly punctured and sparingly pubescent; below and the posterior femora fulvous, the latter with a black spot at the base, tibize and tarsi blackish, strongly clothed with yellowish hairs. Hab. A¥rica, Niger-Benué Expedit. (Bang-Haas). Of this species, which seems allied to P. amabilis, Baly, I received a single, apparently female, specimen from Dr. Staudinger and Herr Bang-Haas; the uniform coloration, the impunctate thorax and the colour of the legs separate the species from any of its allies; in my specimen the posterior femora are moderately thickened and do not extend to the apex of the abdomen, and their tibiz are curved. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 215 Poecitlomorpha fasciaticollis, sp. n. The lower part of the head and the under side and legs black, closely pubescent, thorax fulvous with a central longitudinal black band, elytra flavous, closely punctured, a spot on the shoulders and a transverse band near the apex black. Length 12 millim. Head fulvous at the vertex, the latter clothed with black erect hairs, finely punctured, the lower portion black, closely covered with long white hairs, labrum fulvous, antennze extending to the base of the thorax, black, the lower four joints fulvous, the fifth and follow- ing joints strongly transversely widened ; thorax one half broader than long, the sides strongly rounded and widened at the middle, the disc without distinct sulci, fulvous and pubescent Jike the head, the middle with a narrow black band from the apex to the base ; seutellum black, elytra slightly narrowed posteriorly, finely punc- tured, each puncture provided with a black hair, with a black spot on the shoulder and a broad transverse band below the middle, the rest of the surface flavous, below and the legs black, the latter and the breast thickly clothed with white pubescence, posterior femora strongly incrassate and extending beyond the elytra. (6) Hab. MASHONALAND, Mtoko’s (@. Marshall). Of this handsome species, Mr. Marshall has obtained both sexes, the female not differing from the male except in the broader thoracic band and the shorter posterior legs. I know of no other described species with similar coloration. Leucastea dahomeyensis, sp. na. Flavous, pubescent, thorax with a few fine punctures, subangulate near the base, elytra more strongly and closely punctured, black with stiff fulvous and black hairs. Var. Entirely flavous, each elytron with a small black spot near the middle. Length 8 millim. Head sparingly punctured and clothed with single black hairs, the clypeus narrowly transverse, flavous like the labrum, apex of the mandibles black, antenne extending beyond the base of the thorax, flavous, the terminal six joints thickened but not transverse ; thorax nearly twice as broad as long, with an anterior and basal narrow sulcus, the sides produced into a rounded angle near the base, the dise with single black hairs and a few punctures, elytra remotely but more distinctly punctured than the thorax and similarly pubescent ; 216 Mr. M. Jacoby on below and the legs flavous, the posterior femora of the male strongly thickened, the tibize densely pubescent, the tarsi sometimes infuscate. Hab. DAHomEY, Porto Novo. Of this species, several specimens, both of the typical form with black elytra and of the variety, were sent to me by M. Clavareau. I have not the least doubt that both represent the same species, the more so as both were obtained at the same locality, and as there is not the slightest difference in structural details. The species resembles somewhat ZL. bimaculata, Jac., from Mashona- land, but the latter is larger, the antennez and the legs are black and the elytral spots are placed lower. All the species of this genus described by Prof. Westwood differ either in coloration or structurally. Clythra lacordacret, sp. 0. Elongate and parallel, black, head strongly rugose, thorax trans- verse, rufous, strongly and remotely punctured, elytra fulvous, strongly punctured in closely approached rows, a spot on the shoulders, another larger one near the scutellum and a short trans- verse band near the apex, black, tibize and tarsi fulvous. Length 6 millim. Head black, sparingly clothed with extremely short silvery hairs, strongly rugosely punctured the punctures partly confluent, eyes large, the clypeus separated by an obsolete transverse depression, its anterior margin concave-emarginate, antenne short, black, the second and third joint fulvous, the fourth and following joints strongly transverse ; thorax transversely convex, twice as broad as long, the sides very feebly rounded, the surface very strongly and remotely punctured, scutellum broadly triangular, black, elytra strongly punctured in closely approached very irregular rows, very feebly lobed below the shoulders, pale fulvous, a small spot on the shoulders, a larger round one near the scutellum and a short, slightly curved band near the apex, abbreviated at the sides, black, below densely clothed with silvery pubescence, black, the tibize and tarsi fulvous, robust and the latter broad. Hab, MASHONALAND, Headlands (G. Marshall). The rugose head and its black colour, the strong and remote punctuation of the thorax, and the position of the elytral spots will distinguish this species. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 207 Miopristis varipes, sp. n. Below black, above testaceous, thorax strongly rugose, with two large black spots, elytra extremely closely and irregularly punctured, each with a small spot on the shoulders, one below it and another below the middle near the lateral margins, black. Mas. The anterior legs very elongate, the femora dentate near the apex, preceded by shorter teeth, the tibize long and curved, mucronate, the tarsi elongate. Var. The elytra with only one spot at the shoulders. Length 6 millim. Head broad, finely rugose, the upper portion black, the lower flavous, with an obsolete longitudinal central depression, antennz extending below the thorax, black, the lower four joints flavous, the second and third very small, the fourth elongate and widened, the rest strongly transverse and triangularly dilated, the eyes broadly emarginate at the lower portion, thorax about one half broader than long, the sides feebly rounded, the posterior angles distinct, the disc rather swollen at each side, coarsely rugose and confluently punc- tured, pale fulvous with a large black patch at each side not extending to the apical margin, scutellum narrow, raised, black and shining, elytra less strongly punctured than the thorax, the punctures ex- tremely closely and irregularly placed, testaceous, the shoulders with a black spot, followed immediately by another smaller one near the margins and another one lower down in the same line, legs flavous, the anterior femora and their tibize more or less black above. Hab, CAPE CoLony, Witenhage (C. Barker). Amongst the many nearly similarly coloured species of this genus, described by Lacordaire and others, I cannot find one with which to identify the present insect. I would have referred it to MM. quadraticollis, Lac., which is of entirely similar colour, but cannot do so on account of the distinctly transverse thorax of the species before me and the almost rugosely punctured elytra. I received three specimens from Mr. Barker, and another is contained in the Belgian Museum collection. These are all males, the female is unknown to me. In only one of the speci- mens are the three elytral spots distinct, in all the others there is only the humeral one present. M. natalensis, Jac., is certainly very closely allied, but the thorax in that insect is remotely punctured, the elytral punctuation is °° fine and close, and the anterior legs are entirely ack. 218 Mr. M. Jacoby on Miopristis hirta, sp. n. Below black, pubescent, legs fulvous, thorax finely pubescent, black, the anterior margin fulvous, elytra finely, closely and semi- regularly punctured, testaceous, clothed with very short silvery pubescence. Mas. The anterior legs very elongate, their femora strongly incrassate. Length 53 millim. : Narrow and elongate, the head finely rugose and pubescent be- tween the eyes, the upper portion black, the clypeus and labrum fulvous, clypeus triangularly emarginate at the anterior margin, antenne black, the lower three joints fulvous, the second and third joint very small, the fourth and following joints triangularly dilated ; thorax about one half broader than long, narrowed anteriorly, the sides feebly rounded, the posterior angles obtuse, the surface im- punctate, black, shining, sparingly clothed with grey pubescence, the anterior margin more broadly and the lateral ones very narrowly fulvous, scutellum triangular, pointed, black ; elytra very finely and closely punctured in irregular rows, furnished with very short silvery pubescence, testaceous ; below black, strongly pubescent, legs fulvous, the anterior femora of the male strongly dilated, finely serrate at their lower margin, the tibize long, mucronate at the apex, the first joint of the tarsi elongate, as long as the following joints together, the last joints more or less fuscous. Hab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Jarshall). This is an interesting little species on account of the pubescence of the upper surface, which is not found in any other of the genus. Mr. Marshall has forwarded two specimens, both males. Mropristis melanocephalus, sp. n. ¢ Black, the head rugose, thorax fulvous, impunctate, elytra testaceous ; extremely finely and closely punctured, legs flavous, the anterior femora dilated, black at the apex, the tarsi black. Length 7 millim. Head finely and closely rugose between the eyes, the vertex sparingly punctured, each puncture furnished with a whitish hair, clypeus triangularly emarginate, labrum fulvous, antenne extending to the base of the thorax, black, the apex of the basal joint and the following two joints fulvous, the fifth and the following one strongly triangularly dilated ; thorax more than twice as. broad as long, the Afrwan Phytophagous Coleoptera. 219 sides strongly rounded, the angles distinct but not strongly marked, the disc smooth and impunctate, with the exception of a few deep punctures at the middle of the anterior margin, scutellum black ; the elytra narrower at the base than the thorax, pale testaceous, finely and closely punctured; below black, the femora fulvous, partly black below, the anterior ones strongly thickened and elongate, their inner surface rugose, the lower margin with a row of small teeth, the anterior tibiz strongly curved, black and rugose, the apex with a long spur, the tarsi black, the first joint of the anterior ones as long as the following joints together. Hab. CAPE Cotony, Dunbrody (Rev. 0’ Netl), Quite distinct from M. varipes by the black and rugose head, the smooth thorax and finely punctured elytra; the same differences and the unspotted thorax and fulvous legs separate the species from JZ. natalensis, Jac. I received a single male specimen from the Rev. O'Neil. Dapromorpha bomaensis, sp. n. Black, head closely, thorax remotely but strongly punctured, shining, elytra regularly punctate-striate anteriorly, more irregu- larly so posteriorly, flavous, with a broad transverse black band below the middle, the shoulders with a small black spot. Length 5 millim. Head black, closely punctured at the middle, shining, with a small central fovea, clypeus nearly impunctate, its anterior margin tri- angularly emarginate, eyes nearly entire, large, antennze black, the second and the following two joints fulvous; thorax rather more than twice as broad as long, the sides straight, the anterior margin concave, the disc irregularly but rather strongly and remotely punctured, the punctures more closely placed at the sides and near the base, with very small punctures between the larger ones, scutellum triangular, black, with a few minute punctures ; elytra rather feebly lobed below the shoulders, strongly punctate-striate, the strie much more closely placed and more irregularly so from the middle down- wards, flavous, the black band broad, placed immediately below the middle, its anterior and posterior margin concave, leaving the apex in shape of a round spot and the anterior portion of the flavous ground colour ; below and the legs black, clothed with grey pubescence, Hab. Conco, Boma. I received two specimens of this species from M. 220 Mr. M. Jacoby on Clavareau at Brussels; it belongs to the small-sized in- sects of this genus and is not a very typical form, but the elytra are distinctly although not strongly lobed at the base, the pygidium is not covered by them and the legs are short and stout; the elytral pattern and the black thorax will easily distinguish the species. Mapromorpha tigrina, sp. n. Bluish-black below, densely clothed with silvery pubescence, above flavous, the antenne, tibiee and tarsi fulvous, thorax with two broad longitudinal bands, remotely punctured, elytra closely and semi- regularly punctate, flavous, the extreme apex reddish fulvous, each elytron with three transverse black bands. Length 8-9 millim. Head flat, entirely covered with short, grey pubescence, antenna _ half the length of the thorax, fulvous; thorax narrowed in front, the sides straight, the surface finely, irregularly and remotely punctured, the flavous portion impunctate, confined to the sides (narrowly at the base, broadly at the anterior angles) and to a thin medial stripe, which divides the black portion nearly to the base, scutellum black, impunctate, its apex truncate, elytra more strongly punctured than the thorax, the punctures semi-regularly arranged in rows, with three oblique black bands, the first placed below the base, the second below the middle and the third near the apex, the latter being reddish fulvous in colour. Hab. LUITPOLDKETTE, ORIENTAL AFRICA (Belgian Mus. and my collection). Three or four very nearly similarly marked species are known from Africa of which D. zebra, Lac.,and D. tetéentis, Gerst., are the more closely allied forms; the two specimens before me are exactly similar, and seem to me to differ from the following species thus:—In JD, zebra the legs are entirely black and the reddish spot at the apex of the elytra is wanting, this is also the case in D. argentata, Fab., and JD. tettensis ; in the latter species the elytra are also much more strongly punctured and the legs are black; D. hemorrhagica, Gerst., has similar fulvous elytral apex but only two black bands instead of three; the female of the present insect is larger and has the usual fovea at the last abdominal segment. Diapromorpha terminata, sp. i. Black, thorax pubescent, strongly punctured, fulvous with a | | a , i African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 221 central black band, elytra remotely punctate-striate, greenish testaceous, narrowly margined with black, the extreme apex yellowish- red. Length 5-6 millim. Head coarsely punctured and pubescent, black, the vertex divided by a deep central longitudinal groove, the space between the eyes more deeply punctured, epistome separated from the face by a fovea, its anterior edge nearly straight, labrum black, antenne very short, black, the fourth and following joints strongly transverse ; thorax about one half broader than long, the sides not much deflexed, the lateral margins nearly straight, the posterior angles obliquely rounded, the median lobe rather strongly produced, the surface crowded with deep and smaller punctures and clothed with grey pubescence, reddish-fulvous with a broad, medially nearly interrupted black band at the middle (in the female only indicated anteriorly), scutellum rather broad, rugosely punctured and pubescent ; elytra somewhat flattened, the lateral lobes below the shoulders short and distinct at the base only, the punctures black and arranged in distant rows, the punctures themselves likewise distantly placed, the ground colour a pale greenish testaceous, all the margins narrowly ; black, the basal one ending in a black spot in front of the shoulders, the latter faintly but the apex of each elytron bright yellowish-red, below and the legs black, closely covered with white pubescence, the abdomen closely and strongly punctured. Flab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (@. Marshall). Of this interesting little species Mr. Marshall has sent an apparently male ‘and female specimen, the latter only differing in being larger and having a broader head and shorter mandibles, the anterior tarsi in the male are also rather more slender; the species is of entirely different coloration than any other Diapromorpha or Peploptera, and differs further from most in the pubescent thorax, although agreeing in the elytral Jobe and uncovered pygidium. Peploptera fulvitarsis, Jac. This species is identical with P. zambesiana, Pering. (Trans. 8. A. Phil. Soc. 1886), as pointed out to me by _ Mr. Marshall, who compared my species with that of Mr. Peringuey. I unfortunately overlooked this author’s paper, so my name for the species cannot stand. Peploptera humeralis, Jac. (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1897). It is quite possible that this species is identical with 222 Mr. M. Jacoby on P. abyssinica, Lefév. (Revue et Mag. Zool. 1877), but the author described the species from a female specimen and gives the colour of the tarsi as rufous, while they are black in P. humeralis. I have also received a specimen from Mashonaland from Mr. Marshall which I must refer to this species, as it agrees in nearly everything and in the shape of the penis; this latter is of robust shape, widened at the apex, the opening of the latter large, its lower edge produced into a point and furnished with long bristle-like hairs, the upper margin of the cavity triangularly produced, truncate at the middle. Peploptera curvilinea, sp. n. Black, the basal joints of the antennze and the apex of the tibic more or less fulvous, thorax reddish-fulvous with a broad central black band, finely and sparingly punctured, elytra flavous, strongly and regularly punctate-striate, a sutural, medially constricted band and another at the lateral margin, curved inwards at the apex, black. Length 6 millim. Head black, shining, the vertex swollen, the space between the eyes strongly rugose-punctate, separated from the vertex by a depres- sion, eyes elongate, slightly notched, palpi black, their basal joint fulvous, antennz black, the lower three joints fulvous, thorax twice as broad as long, narrowed anteriorly, the sides nearly straight, the median lobe slight, the surface very sparingly and minutely punctured, reddish-fulvous, with a broad, posteriorly strongly widened black central band, the disc with a distinct transverse short groove near the base at each side, scutellum black, triangular ; elytra with regular and deep rows of punctures, flavous, the posterior portion narrowly margined with black, the sutural band widened posteriorly and not extending to the base or apex, the lateral ones widened at the shoulders, often in shape of an elongate spot, its apex curved towards the suture, nearly touching the sutural band, below clothed with silvery pubescence. Hab. Nata, Malvern (C. Barker). Again closely allied to P. dorsata and P. trilineata, Lac., but differing in the single broad central band of the thorax, the distinct lateral groove of the latter, the shape of the sutural and lateral bands of the elytra and the partly fulvous tibiz; nine specimens received from Mr. Barker all exactly agree in this respect, the sexes were taken. “in coitu”; the penis is short and broad, the upper African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 223 edge broadly truncate, the lower one produced triangularly, the apical cavity partly occupied by a very convex or curved ball-like projection. Peploptera barker, sp. n. Black, the head impubescent, thorax scarcely perceptibly punc- tured, fulvous, with a central black band and two lateral spots, elytra strongly and regularly punctate-striate, flavous, a sutural band, a humeral spot and another lateral band, slightly curved at the apex and abbreviated near the latter, as well as the legs black. Length 4-5 millim. One of the smallest species of the genus, which might easily be mistaken for a small variety of the preceding one but certainly distinct on account of the totally differently structured penis ; the head is not pubescent as in P. curvilinea, strongly punctured in front of the eyes only, not rugose; the clypeus is broad and with a few punctures only, the antennz are black with the second and third joint fulvous, thorax very minutely and irregularly punctured, fulvous, the middle with a broad black band strongly constricted anteriorly, the sides with a small black spot and a distinct transverse depression, the median lobe is margined with black and has a row of punctures as is generally the case, scutellum black, triangular and impunctate, elytra with a transverse depression below the base, strongly and regularly punctate-striate, the apex nearly im- punctate, narrowly margined with black, the sutural band widened posteriorly and not extending to the base nor apex, the marginal one commencing below the shoulders and reaching as far as the sutural band, its apex curved inwards, the shoulders with a subquadrate black spot. Hab. Natau, Malvern (C. Barker); also DUNBRODY, Cape Colony (Rev. O'Neil). The pattern of the elytra in this species is identical with that of many others, but the very small size, sculpturing of the head, and principally the structure of the penis will at once distinguish it; this latter organ is of very com- plicated structure, short and stout, the upper surface deeply channelled with the sides in shape of acute ridges which join in front in shape of a deflexed tri- angular apex ; the lower margin of the penis is produced into a triangular point, deeply hollowed out above, between this upper and lower margin are two spoon- shaped projections, one at each side, which partly fill up 224 Mr. M. Jacoby on the frontal cavity. It will be seen by this that the ex- amination of the male organ is absolutely necessary in separating these very closely allied forms, and as Lacordaire has never done this it is almost impossible to recognize with certainty many of his species or to know to which of them his varieties belong. Peploptera irreqularis, sp. n. Black, the basal joints of the antenne fulvous, thorax finely punc- tate, reddish-fulvous with three longitudinal black bands, elytra flavous, irregularly and closely punctured, a sutural anteriorly interrupted stripe and a more narrow lateral one, black, the four posterior tibie more or less flavous. Var. The lateral stripe only distinct at the middle, the shoulders with a black spot. Length 7-10 millim. Head depressed, black, rugosely punctured throughout, finely pubescent at the sides, the anterior edge of the clypeus but little emarginate, antenne short, not extending to the middle of the thorax, black, the lower four joints fulvous, the fifth and following joints transverse ; thorax scarcely twice as broad as long, the sides ’ rounded before the middle, straight at the base, the anterior margin only half the width of that of the posterior one, the surface sparingly and very finely punctured, reddish-fulvous, with a central and two lateral longitudinal black bands, which are fre- quently interrupted anteriorly, the middle one pointed, the others placed at some distance from the lateral margins and blunt at their ends, scutellum short and triangular, black ; elytra with the lateral lobes strongly produced, rather finely and very closely punctured, the punctures placed in very closely approached and irregular rows, flavous, with a sutural and lateral black band, not extending to the base nor the apex ; below closely covered with white silky pubes- cence, black, the posterior four tibize more or less flavous at their apex. Hab. Nata, Malvern (C. Barker); also TRANSVAAL. I cannot identify this species with any of those described by Lacordaire or since, but would have placed it with P. dorsatw to which at all events it is closely allied, the irregular and close punctuation of the elytra however differs entirely from that of the last-named insect, Lacordaire especially speaking of 10 more or less distinct rows of punctures and an impunctate thorax; there are a African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 225 dozen specimens: before me which only vary in the shape and size of the elytral bands, these being sometimes very narrow and the lateral ones often interrupted, in all the specimens the posterior four tibiz are entirely or partly fulvous; the male differs in having very broad anterior tarsi. There will be no difficulty in separating this species from most of its allies which have but one or two amongst them in which the elytra are nearly similarly sculptured but differing again in the markings and that of the thorax ; the penis also differs from those of the allied forms but is somewhat similar to that of P. marshalli, it is short and robust, the lower edge of the widely-opened cavity is pro- duced into a long and rather pointed projection and is fringed with long hairs, the upper portion of the cavity is but slightly and bluntly produced, the sides of the cavity are occupied by another pointed and long lamina or pro- jection between which a long, curved bristle springs; the two male specimens which I have examined show no difference whatever in this respect. It will be seen there- fore that the species is doubtless distinct from the others described here. Peploptera marshalli, sp. n. Black, the head rugose, thorax fulvous with a central black band, elytra flavous, moderately strongly and regularly punctate-striate, a sutural and a narrower lateral stripe abbreviated posteriorly and connected by a transverse band near the apex and a spot on the shoulders black. Length 7 millim. Head black, longitudinally strigose at the middle, antenne not extending to the base of the thorax, black, the third and fourth joint fulvous, the fifth and following ones strongly transverse ; thorax about one half broader than long, the sides feebly rounded and obliquely narrowed in front, the disc with a few minute punc- tures and a slight transverse groove at each side near the base, fulvous, the middle with a longitudinal black band which is suddenly and angulately widened from the middle to the base, the latter with some stronger punctures at the margin, scutellum triangular, black ; elytra with strongly developed post humeral lobes, regularly and not very deeply punctate-striate, flavous, with a broad sutural and a narrow marginal black band, not extending to the base and con- nected near the apex by another transverse fascia which narrows towards the lateral margins, the apex of the elytra nearly im- TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 16 226 Mr. M. Jacoby on punctate and narrowly margined with black ; below densely clothed with silvery pubescence. Hab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). In spite of great resemblance to several other species of similar colorations, the present one is evidently quite dis- tinct as proved by the structure of the male organ; this latter is short and cylindrical, abruptly truncate at the apex, the deflexed portion is perpendicular and provided with a strong central ridge, while the sides are concave or hollowed, the lower edge ends into an acute triangular point. In distinguishing this species, the size of the insect, the regular punctate-striate elytra and the structure of the penis will assist in its determination. Aitheomorpha epistomata, sp. n. Elongate and parallel, pale fulvous, apical joints of the antennze fuscous, clypeus subquadrately emarginate, head and thorax impunc- tate, elytra extremely minutely and sparingly punctured, the breast fuscous ; elytra feebly lobed below the shoulders. Var. Below entirely fulvous. Length 4-5 millim. Head fulvous, shining, with a deep fovea between the eyes, the space between them with a few very minute punctures, eyes large, distinctly notched below, the epistome deeply and subquadrately emarginate, the sides of the emargination dentiform, labrum flavous, antenne extending to the base of the thorax, fulvous, the apical joints more or less fuscous, the third and fourth joint equal, short, the fifth and following strongly triangularly dilated ; thorax about one half broader than long, subquadrate, the sides nearly straight, the median lobe scarcely marked, the surface with a narrow trans- verse sulcus near the anterior and posterior margin, entirely im- punctate, very shining, the extreme base accompanied by a few irregularly placed punctures, somewhat obliquely depressed in front of the scutellum, the latter smooth, truncate at the apex ; elytra subcylindrical, extremely finely punctured when seen under a strong lens, the punctures somewhat arranged in rows, the sides below the shoulders feebly but distinctly lobed ; below and the legs fulvous, the breast black, clothed with whitish pubescence, anterior legs somewhat elongate, robust, the tarsi broad. Hab. CaPE Cotony, Dunbrody (Rev. O Neil); NATAL, Kstcourt. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 227 This species cannot be mistaken for any of those described by Lacordaire from South Africa, on account of the deeply emarginate epistome in connection with the scarcely perceptibly elytral punctuation ; their lobed epipleurze will separate the species from any similarly coloured Gynandrophthalma, and the subquadrate thorax which has all the angles distinct from Diapromorpha. Barybena humeralis, sp. n. Black, the basal joints of the antennz flavous, thorax fulvous with some piceous spots, impunctate, elytra finely and closely punctured, flavous, the shoulders with a small black spot, the suture posteriorly extremely narrowly black. Mas. Thorax strongly transverse, broader than the elytra, the anterior legs elongate, the femora strongly incrassate, the tibiz mucronate, the first joint of the tarsi slender. Fem, Thorax not wider than the elytra, strongly punctured anteriorly, legs and tarsi scarcely elongate. Length 3 millim. Mas. Head strongly and closely punctured, black, shining, the anterior margin of the epistome nearly straight, mandibles large, more or less fulvous, antenne black, the lower four joints flavous, the fifth and following joints transverse, triangularly widened ; thorax twice as broad as long, the sides strongly rounded, the posterior angles obsolete, the surface impunctate, with the exception of a small number of punctures at the middle of the anterior margin, the dise pale fulvous, with six more or less distinct elongate piceous spots, placed transversely, scutellum pointed, black, elytra finely punctured in closely approached very irregular rows, the extreme apex nearly impunctate, the posterior portion of the suture extremely narrowly and a spot on the shoulders black, below and the legs black. Hab. Nata, Malvern (C. Barker). This little species, of which I received both sexes from Mr. Barker, agrees in everything with the other ones described by Lacordaire as regards structural characters, but is of small size, and differs in the black shoulder spot and similar coloured posterior portion of the suture ; the female might easily be mistaken for another species since the thorax is remotely but strongly punctured, but both sexes were taken by Mr. Barker “in cop.” 228 Mr. M. Jacoby on Barybena lurida, Lac. Fem. Fulvous, the terminal joints of the antennze black, the head and thorax impunctate, elytra finely and closely punctured, with a round spot at the base and another near the apex black. Length 5-6 millim. Of this species Lacordaire only knew the male sex. Through the kindness of Mr. Barker I have now received both sexes taken “in copula” at Malvern, Natal, and am enabled to give the above description of the female which, unlike the male, has two black spots on each elytron; the thorax is also shorter, more transversely shaped, and the sides are more strongly narrowed anteriorly; the anterior legs are as usual much shorter, and the femora much less thickened; the head like that of the male may either be black or fulvous as well as the legs. There are several other smaller species of different genera of Clythride of similar coloration found in Africa, but the present one remains distinct on account of the slender antennz, the shape of the thorax and the short tarsi. Camptolenes brevitarsis, sp. n. Black, the head, thorax and the under side finely pubescent, thorax scarcely punctured, the anterior and lateral margins fulvous, elytra opaque, finely and closely punctured, fulvous, a spot on the shoulders, another before the middle near the suture and a transverse band below the middle black. Var. Elytra without any spots, Mas. Mandibles large and robust, curved at the apex, the anterior legs moderately elongate, the tarsi short and subtriangular. Length 8 millim. Head broad, clothed with fine yellow pubescence, the epistome depressed, its apex truncate, pubescent, labrum fulvous, mandibles deeply sulcate and pointed, the eyes emarginate, the sides below subquadrately produced, antenne not extending to the base of the thorax, black, the lower three joints fulvous, the fourth joint elongate, triangularly widened, the following strongly transversely serrate, thorax twice as broad as long, the sides rounded, with a narrow margin, the posterior margin straight at the sides, strongly produced at the middle, the surface sparingly impressed with a few minute punctures, black at the basal portion and finely pubescent, the anterior part smooth, shining and fulvous, this colour extending to the sides, broadly anteriorly, narrow near the base, scutellum African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 229 broad, finely rugose ; elytra very finely and rather closely punctured, fulvous, opaque, the shoulders with a black spot, another spot is placed below the scutellum near the suture and a narrow transverse black band below the middle not extending to either margin, the an- terior legs in the male elongate, the femora robust, the tibize slightly curved and dilated at the apex, not mucronate at the latter part, the first joint of the anterior tarsi only slightly longer than the second, triangularly dilated and comparatively short. Hab. MAuvERN, South Africa (C. Barker). Of this species I have received four male specimens but no females from Mr. Barker; there is no described species to my knowledge which may be referred to this insect, and which I have placed in Camptolenes on account of the pubescent head and thorax; the large mandibles and the short tarsi will help to separate the species from any of its allies. Titubea lefevrer, sp. na. Black, the labrum fulvous, thorax strongly transverse, fulvous, impunctate, elytra strongly and closely punctured, flavous or fulvous, a spot on the shoulders (sometimes obsolete), two, placed transversely before and two others below the middle, black. Length 9 millim. Elongate and parallel, the head black, the vertex smooth, the space between the eyes longitudinally rugose, labrum fulvous, antenne black, the fourth and following joints very strongly transversely serrate ; thorax rather more than twice as broad as long, the sides and the posterior angles strongly rounded, the median lobe broadly produced, very narrowly marginate, the disc entirely impunctate, fulvous, rather paler anteriorly, scutellum black, rather long and pointed, impunctate, elytra strongly punctured in closely approached, irregular rows, each with an obscure spot on the humeral callus and four others placed obliquely and transversely before and below the middle, black, of these, the lower two spots are nearly united in shape of a band in one specimen ; below and the legs black, the anterior legs elongate, the first joint of their tarsi scarcely as long as the following two joints together. Hab. KABAMBARE, Africa (Collect. Belgian Mus. and my own). Closely allied in its system of coloration to 7’. sanzibarieca, Lefev., but in that species the thorax has two black bands 230 Mr. M. Jacoby on and the elytra are very minutely punctured; the two specimens before me seem to belong to the female sex only. Gyriodera sublevicollis, sp. n. Below and the head black, thorax strongly transverse, nearly impunctate, fulvous, elytra strongly and closely punctured, fulvous, a spot on the shoulders, and two others placed transversely below the middle, black ; tibiz and tarsi flavous. Mas. Mandibles robust, the anterior legs elongate as well as the first joint of their tarsi. Fem, Smaller, thorax less strongly transverse, the anterior legs less elongate. Length 4 7, 2 6 millim. Short and robust, the head finely and closely punctured at the vertex, transversely grooved between the eyes, the space between the latter closely rugose, the clypeus shining, sparingly punctured, its anterior margin concave, mandibles robust, antennz nearly extending to the base of the thorax, black, the lower three joints fulvous, the fourth and the following joints strongly transverse ; thorax more than twice as broad as long, the sides obliquely narrowed anteriorly, strongly rounded near the base and widened at the same place, the basal margin nearly straight, the median lobe scarcely produced, and narrowly black, the disc swollen at the middle, obsoletely grooved at each side near the anterior and posterior margin, the sides with some very fine punctures, the anterior margin with a more strongly punctured slight depression at the middle, the rest of the surface impunctate ; scutellum elongate, raised and pointed, black ; elytra not more than twice as broad as long, slightly narrowed posteriorly, strongly and closely punctured in irregular rows, the interstices finely wrinkled and very minutely punctured, fulvous, a round spot on the shoulders, a very small spot near the scutellum (absent in the female) and two others directly below the middle, black, below and the femora black, the tibiz and tarsi fulvous, the latter robust, the anterior first joint as long as the following joints together. Hab. NATAL, Malvern (C. Barker). Gyriodera seems to me to be the only genus for the reception of this species on account of the swollen disc of the thorax, the comparatively short elytra, and the non- mucronate tibiae; the sculpturing of the thorax differs from that of the other species of this genus in not being rugose; for the convenience of determination Gyriodera is, I think, rightly separated from Zvtwhea by Lacordaire, African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 231 in which latter genus species are placed, having more elongate tibize and tarsi as well as elytra. Gynandrophthalma triplagiata, sp. n. Fulvous, the breast and abdomen black, head finely punctured, thorax impunctate, elytra very finely punctured in closely approached rows, a spot on the shoulders and two larger ones, placed transversely below the middle, black. Length 53-6 millim. Head with three deep but small foveze between the eyes, punctured in front of the latter and at the vertex, fulvous, shining, the clypeus nearly impunctate, transverse, its anterior margin nearly straight, labrum testaceous, antennz with the lower five joints and the outer margins of the following three, fulvous, the rest black, the fifth to the eleventh joint triangularly dilated ; thorax about twice and a half broader than long, scarcely narrowed anteriorly, the sides rounded, the disc smooth and impunctate with the exception of some few punctures at the middle near the anterior margin, scutellum black, its apex strongly raised, the base depressed and sparingly punctured ; elytra extremely finely and closely punctured in indistinct rows, pale fulvous with an elongate black spot on the shoulders and two others (the inner one the largest and oblong) placed transversely below the middle ; under side black (the thorax excepted) densely clothed with white pubescence, legs entirely fulvous, tarsi rather slender. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G4. Marshall). Mr. Marshall sent two exactly similar specimens, only varying in size, of this very distinct species, which seems allied to G. foveiceps, Lac., in regard to coloration, but that species is only 3 millim. in length and has a black and rugose head. Gynandrophthalma picturata, sp. n. Below piceous, the tibize and tarsi (sometimes flavous) and the head black, thorax sparingly punctured, fulvous with two large black spots, elytra strongly and very closely semipunctate-striate, flavous, a transverse band near the base and another near the apex connected by a subsutural stripe, black. Var. Thorax with four spots placed transversely. Length 3 millim. Of narrow and parallel shape, the head black, strongly but re- motely punctured between the eyes, the vertex smooth and shining, 232 Mr. M. Jacoby on the clypeus triangularly emarginate, labrum black, the antenne very short, piceous, the lower two joints obscure fulvous ; thorax more than twice as broad as long, the lateral margins rounded, the median lobe very slightly produced, the disc very sparingly and deeply punctured, the punctures irregularly placed, fulvous, a large irregular patch at each side and a small spot at the middle, black ; seutellum black; elytra strongly punctured in closely approached irregular rows, distinct nearly to the apex, flavous with a longitudinal short subsutural black stripe which is connected anteriorly and posteriorly by a short transverse band not extending to either margins nor to the base and apex, the hind margin of the posterior band is concave ; below and the legs blackish, closely covered with grey pubescence, the tibize and tarsi more or less fulvous. Hab. CapE Cotony, Dunbrody (Rev. 0’ Neil). Differing from any of its African allies in the strong and semi-regular punctuation of the elytra in connection with the markings of the latter which resemble an I. In the variety the thorax has two larger and two smaller spots placed transversely. Gynandrophthalma capensis, sp. 0. Below black, finely pubescent, the legs fulvous, above testaceous, the head black, thorax nearly impunctate with a large lateral and a small central black mark, elytra finely and closely punctured, each elytron with a short black band near the suture, widened at the ends, a spot on the shoulder, another near the lateral margin and a a shaped mark near the apex, black. Length 5 millim. Head finely rugose near the eyes and in the centre, the vertex smooth, black, the clypeus triangularly emarginate, labrum black, the palpi fulvous with black apical joint, antennee extending to the base of the elytra, black, the lower three joints fulvous, the third very elongate ; thorax nearly twice and a half broader than long, the lateral margins strongly rounded near the hase, slightly narrowed anteriorly, the median lobe feebly produced, the surface with a few minute punctures, with an obsolete transverse groove near the anterior margin, testaceous, shining, the sides with a large black transverse patch, the middle with a round spot; scutellum black, broad, its apex truncate, its base with some fine strigz ; elytra closely punctured in irregular rows, testaceous, with a short black stripe at the middle close to the suture, the ends of which are rather suddenly thickened, an elongate spot is placed on the shoulders and a smaller African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 233 one below the middle at the lateral margins, lastly an angulate mark in shape ofa A is situated near the apex of each elytron; below black, finely pubescent, the legs fulvous, the tarsi obscure fuscous, rather slender. Tab. CAPE Couony, Dunbrody (Rev. O'Neil). This species almost exactly agrees in the elytral markings with G. picturata, but differs quite in the sculpturing of the head, in the additional markings of the elytra, their less regularly punctured surface, in the colour of the legs and in the general larger size. I received a single, apparently male, specimen from the Rev. O’ Neil. Gynandrophthalma bicolor, Jac. Mr. Barker has sent some specimens which I believe to be this species, which are much larger in size, probably females, and which agree with Lacordaire’s G. basipennis in every respect ; but one of the specimens has the colora- tion of my bicolor, so that I am inclined to believe that the latter species is only a variety and the male of that of Lacordaire’s, which is no doubt subject to great variation. The author described his species from a single female specimen. Gynandrophthalma malvernensis, sp. n. Black, thethorax fulvous, impunctate, the elytra strongly punctured in closely approached rows, fulvous, a sutural band, abbreviated and widened at the apex, another band near the lateral margin (sometimes joined to the sutural one posteriorly) and a spot on the shoulders black, femora and tarsi more or less fulvous. Var. (a) The black elytral bands united from the middle down- wards, the apex fulvous. Var. (b) Elytra without the humeral spots, the legs entirely fulvous. Length 3—4 millim. Head black, smooth and shining, impunctate, with a small fovea between the eyes, the clypeus not separated from the face, triangularly emarginate at the apex, labrum and palpi black, antennz blackish, the lower three joints fulvous, terminal joints gradually transversely widened, not triangular; thorax more than twice as broad as long, not or scarcely narrowed anteriorly, fulvous, entirely impunctate, the median lobe only indicated with a short row of punctures, scutel- lum black, impunctate; elytra with closely approached and strong 234 Mr. M. Jacoby on rows of punctures, the interstices slightly rugose, the suture with a broad, posteriorly widened band which is nearly connected at the apex with another marginal black short band which extends slightly further down than the sutural one, the shoulders with another round black spot ; below and the femora black, finely pubescent, the tibiz and tarsi fulvous. Hab. Natat, Malvern (C. Barker); DuNBRopy (Rev. O'Neil), Well distinguished from any other species of the genus by the nearly rugosely punctured elytra and their mark- ings ; in the variety a the black bands are united, forming a broad subquadrate patch which does not quite extend to the apex and is angulately narrowed at the base. Cryptocephalus mashonanus, sp. 0. Black, the basal joints of the antennze fulvous, head with a flavous patch, thorax impunctate, black, with three flavous spots, elytra finely punctate-striate, black, a transverse spot at the base, the sides anteriorly, a spot below the middle and another at the apex, flavous. Var. Thorax with two spots only, one at each side. Length 3 millim. Head black, the lower portion finely rugose and opaque, the entire upper part occupied by a large subquadrate flavous patch extending to each eye and minutely punctured, labrum black, antennz short, extending a little beyond the base of the elytra, black, the lower five joints fulvous, the basal joint black above, the terminal six thickened ; thorax more than twice as broad as long, the sides nearly straight, obliquely narrowed anteriorly, the posterior angles moderately pro- duced, the surface convex, entirely impunctate, black and very shining, the sides with a semi-crescent flavous spot, the middle with another one, narrow and lozenge-shaped, not extending to either margin, scutellum longer than broad, black, the base with a small fovea ; elytra finely and regularly punctate-striate, rather opaque, with four flavous spots, one at the base near the scutellum, another below the middle near the suture, one at the apex, of trans- verse shape and limited by the narrow black apical margin, and the fourth, of elongate shape at the sides and extending downwards as far as the sutural spot, its inner margin deeply concave at the middle ; below and the legs black, the femora strongly thickened, the proster- num narrowly elongate, its apex truncate. Hab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshail). Afrwan Phytophagous Coleoptera. 235 I must separate this species from C. gorteria, Linn., and one or two other similarly marked African forms on account of the shape, number and position of the thoracic spots ; according to Suffrian, C. gorteriz@ has four yellow spots on the thorax and the posterior margin of the latter is deeply serrate, of which I can see no trace in the species before me ; the spot at the sides of the thorax is also of different shape, and there is no trace of a spot at the anterior margin of the thorax. The above description applies to a specimen in my collection from Africa of which I have no detailed locality, the variety I received from Mr. Marshall; it agrees in everything with the type but the median yellow spot of the thorax is absent. Oryptocephalus barkert, sp. n. Flavous, the antennze (the basal joints excepted) and the breast black, thorax impunctate with four basal and two central black spots, elytra finely punctate-striate, the suture, an angulate transverse band before, another below the middle, the lateral and apical margins (the basal portion excepted) and a spot on the shoulders black. Length 5 millim. Head minutely and closely punctured, flavous, without impressions, the clypeus rather deflexed, antenne extending to the middle of the elytra, black, the basal five joints flavous, the third and fourth joint equal, shorter than the following ones ; thorax strongly widened at the middle and narrowed anteriorly, the lateral margins nearly straight, the surface very convex, entirely impunctate, bright flavous or pale fulvous, with four rather irregularly shaped black spots at the base, often connected at the basal margin, and a smaller spot at each side at the middle of the disc, scutelluin broadly ovate, black, with a small fovea atthe base ; elytra slightly narrowed posteriorly, very regu- larly and finely punctate-striate, the punctures piceous, very closely placed, flavous, with two transverse narrow black bands, the first placed before the middle, strongly angulate at the sides in a down- wards direction and not extending to the lateral margins, the second band below the middle, deeply and suddenly constricted near the suture and joined to the lateral band which commences at the middle of the lateral margins and extends round the apex and upwards along the suture to the base, the shoulders also with a black spot ; below and the legs flavous, finely pubescent, the breast and the middle 236 Mr. M. Jacoby on of the basal abdominal segments black ; pygidium finely rugosely punctured, flavous, with a black spot at the apex. Hab. NaTAu, Malvern (C. Barker). In the markings of the upper surface, this species, of which I received three exactly similar specimens, resembles somewhat C. polyspilus, Suff., C. pustulatus, Fab., and C. laciniatus, Suff., but there are many differences to distinguish the species from either. C. polyspilus has a black thorax and the elytral bands are ditferently shaped, the other two named species have no lateral stripes and the markings of the thorax are different; in one speci- men the anterior thoracic spots are joimed to those of the base, the markings of the under side and of the pygidium will further assist in the recognition of the species. Cryptocephalus liidus, sp. n. Reddish-fulvous, the terminal joints of the antennz black, thorax. dark red with four small black spots, impunctate, scutellum black, elytra flavous, finely punctate-striate, the sutural and lateral margins, the extreme base, a transverse band near the apex and a spot on the shoulders, black. Length 7-8 millim. Robust and subcylindrical, the head finely and closely punctured; pale fulvous, rather opaque, the eyes broadly emarginate, clypeus and labrum paler fulvous, antennez rather robust, black, the lower five joints fulvous, the second very small, the third and fourth equal, the last six joints widened, elongate subquadrate ; thorax almost sub- globularly transverse, the sides feebly rounded, narrowed anteriorly, the surface not perceptibly punctured, dark red, with four small black spots placed obliquely subquadrate, scutellum black, broad, its apex broadly truncate, the base with a small fovea, elytra scarcely narrowed posteriorly, rather broadly lobed at the sides below the shoulders, flavous, finely and regularly punctate-striate, narrowly margined with black, a transverse narrow black band near the apex, the extreme base and a spot on the shoulders likewise black, the under side and legs fulvous, clothed with short white pubescence ; legs robust, the anterior tarsi broad. Hab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Of this large and handsome species I received two speci- mens from Mr, Marshall, who states that the insects were ee ee African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 237 found ona species of Hugenia. C. inclusus, Jac., from Togo is of nearly similar coloration but has a longer, less trans- versely and less swollen thorax, the latter has also three black spots placed transversely, and the elytra are nearly uregularly punctured ; if the black colour of the elytra in the present insect is taken for that of the ground, they may be described as having a large flavous patch occupying the entire anterior portion and a smaller round flavous spot at the apex. Cryptocephalus malvernensis, sp. 0. Black, the basal joints of the antenne and the legs fulvous, thorax impuncetate, elytra finely punctate-striate, the interstices finely wrinkled, black, the sides and the apex broadly flavous, tarsi more or less fuscous. Length 23-3 millim. Head finely but not very closely punctured, black, the eyes broadly emarginate, the lower portion of the face furnished with single white hairs, antenne rather long, black, the lower five joints flavous or fulvous, the second and third joint shorter than the fourth, of equal length, terminal joints slightly dilated; thorax about one half broader than long, the sides moderately rounded, the surface very | convex and shining, black, the posterior angles rather prominently produced, the disc entirely impunctate, scutellum black, its apex truncate, elytra parallel, the suture round the scutellum rather strongly raised in shape of ridges, the disc finely punctate-striate, the punctures of the inner disc closely placed, those near the sides more remotely so and deeper, the interstices very minutely trans- versely wrinkled, the black discoidal portion bounded at the sides and apex by a broad yellow band which widens at the middle below the shoulders, below entirely black, the legs fulvous, prosternum oblong, longitudinally concave and finely rugose. Hab. Nava, Malvern (C. Barker). Not unlike our European C. Moraci and closely allied to C. Gurra, Gestro, and of similar coloration, but the basal joints of the antennz and the legs fulvous, the thorax entirely black, and the elytral punctuation finer than in that species. ‘There are three specimens before me. Cryptocephalus varioplagiatus, sp. 0. Flavous above, the head with one, the thorax with six black spots 238 Mr. M. Jacoby on (the basal ones united in pairs), elytra strongly punctate-striate, two spots below the base, one near the apex and an anterior and posterior spot at the suture, black, below black, legs fulvous, spotted with black. Length 5 millim. Head rather closely punctured, flavous, the extreme vertex black, the base of the antenne with another black spot, labrum and palpi fulvous, antenne longand slender, black, the lower five joints flavous, the fifth joint much longer than the third or fourth, the terminal two joints thinner and more elongate than the intermediate ones ; thorax strongly narrowed anteriorly, the sides feebly rounded, the surface entirely impunctate, flavous, all the margins narrowly black, the base at each side with a transverse band in shape of two connected spots, the anterior portion with another slightly oblique black spot at each side, scutellum black, its apex rounded ; elytra regularly and rather strongly punctate-striate, flavous, the extreme basal, sutural and apical margins black, the suture with two black spots, one near the middle, the other near the apex, each elytron with three other spots, one at the shoulder of rather elongate shape, one near the scutellum and the third at the sides, placed slightly higher than the posterior sutural spot ; below black, the prosternum, mesosternum, the breast near the middle and the first abdominal segment flavous, legs fulvous, prosternum produced into an acute point at the posterior angles. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury, Lepasi River (G4. Marshall). The number of the spots and their position on the elytra separate this species from any other African Crypto- cephalus known at present, and of which I have seen two specimens. Cryptocephalus pretoriensis, sp. n. Below pale fulvous, above flavous, the vertex of the head black, thorax with a transverse black band including three flavous spots, elytra strongly punctate-striate, black, a transverse sinuate band at the base, a spot on the shoulders, two others placed transversely below the middle and a spot at the apex, flavous, legs with black stripes. Length 4$ millim. Head strongly but not closely punctured, flavous, the vertex and a spot at the base of the antenne black, the former with a longitudi- nal depression, eyes large, broadly emarginate, clypeus thickened, flavous, labrum and palpi fulvous, antenne extending to about the African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 239 middle of the elytra, black, the lower five joints fulvous, the third and fourth joint equal, twice as long as the third, terminal joints slightly thickened but elongate ; thorax rather more than twice as broad as long, the sides strongly obliquely narrowed anteriorly, nearly straight, the surface very minutely punctured when seen under a strong lens, the anterior and lateral margins broadly flavous, the basal portion black, in shape of a transverse broad band which includes three flavous round spots, a small one at each side and a larger one at the middle, scutellum black, its apex rounded, elytra regularly punctate-striate, more strongly punctured at the middle than at the suture or the sides, the interstices flat and impunctate, each elytron with five flavous spots separated by angular black bands ; of the flavous markings, an elongate transverse deeply sinuate band is placed at the base near the scutellum, a small spot on the shoulder, two spots placed immediately and transversely below the middle and the fifth at the apex ; if the flavous colour is taken for that of the ground, the elytra may be described as having two angu- late transverse black bands, one before, the other below the middle and connected at the sides by a longitudinal stripe from the shoulders downwards, elytral epipleurz flavous ; under side pale fulvous as well as the legs, the former finely and closely punctured, the latter more or less banded with black, finely pubescent ; base of the pro- sternum deeply concave, the angles acutely produced, pale flavous. Hab. PRETORIA. The single specimen which I possess of this species may perhaps be best compared with C. flavago, Suff., and several others belonging to the same group having black and flavous elytra ; ‘there is, however, no species amongst them in which the thorax is similarly marked or in which the elytra have five flavous spots ; the colour of the under side and that of the legs also differs. Cryptocephalus benuensis, sp. 0. Fulvous, the apical joints of the antennze black, the thorax scarcely perceptibly punctured, with a broad lateral reflexed margin, elytra closely and strongly punctate-striate near the suture and at the sides, the rest of the disc irregularly punctured. Length 6 millim. Of entirely fulvous colour, the head finely and rather closely punctured, broad, the eyes broadly emarginate, the clypeus separ- ated from the face by a semicircular groove, antenne extending just beyond the base of the elytra, the lower six joints fulvous, the rest 240 Mr. M. Jacoby on black, the fifth and following joints triangularly flattened ; thorax very convex, scarcely twice as broad as long, the sides feebly rounded with a pale coloured broadly reflexed margin, the basal margin finely serrate and black, the surface with some minute punctures, only visible under a strong lens, the scutellum ovate, pale fulvous, elytra strongly and closely punctate-striate, the punctures closely placed and regularly so near the suture and the lateral margins, the space between the sixth and the next row, irregularly punctured ; below and the legs fulvous, closely punctured, prosternum widened at the base, the latter straight. | Hab. NIGER-BENUE EXPED. This Cryptocephalus is of quite different structure to any of its African congeners, and will therefore not be difficult of recognition, the reflexed margins of the thorax and the partly regular partly irregular elytral punctuation are characters rarely to be met with in species of this genus. I only know a single specimen which I received from Herr Bang-Haas. Achxnops mandibularis, sp. n. Below black, the basal joints of the antennz and the legs fulvous, head rugosely punctured, black, mandibles large and prominent, thorax finely punctured, black, the lateral and anterior margins and two spots at the base, flavous, elytra finely punctate-striate, the suture,a narrow transverse band at the base and a broader one near the apex, black. Length 3 millim. Head broad and flat, black, rugosely punctured, the eyes with a short and rather feeble emargination, the clypeus with a broad pro- jecting subtriangular prolongation at each side, deeply excavated in front, the mandibles broad and robust, curved, antennz short, the terminal six joints transversely widened, black, the others flavous, the third and fourth joint short, equal, thorax about one half broader than long, the sides rather strongly rounded and narrowed anteriorly, the posterior angles acutely produced, the surface minutely and closely punctured throughout, black, the anterior margin narrowly, the lateral ones more broadly flavous, the black portion also divided by a narrow central flavous line and by two oblique spots of similar colour at the base; elytra rather finely and regularly punctate- striate, the interstices likewise finely and sparingly punctured, flavous, a narrow sutural and a transverse band at the base not quite extending to the latter nor to the lateral margins and another broad African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 241 band near the apex reaching the sides, black; below black, the legs and the prosternum fulvous, the first named robust, the latter longi- tudinally sulcate, the sides raised, the base truncate. Hab. NATAL, Uitenhage (C. Barker). Of this interesting little species I received a single apparently male specimen from Mr. Barker, the short antenne, structure of the eyes and that of the prosternum agree best with the genus in which I have placed it. Chewruphyle, gen. nov. (Humolpide). Body oblong, glabrous, eyes entire, antennze filiform, the second joint shorter and much thicker than the third, terminal joints thick- ened ; thorax transverse, distinctly margined at the sides, the latter rounded, scutellum broader than long, elytra irregularly punctured, the sides transversely rugose, femora with a minute tooth, the tibiz entire, the claws bifid ; prosternum subquadrate, broad, the anterior margin of the thoracic episternum concave. This genus will enter the group of Cheiridite of Lefevre’s arrangement and has the general appearance of Chearidea, but the lateral margin of the thorax is not serrate and the tibize are not emarginate at the apex; Cheiridisia, Jac., differs in having strongly dentate femora and a pubescent upper surface. Stratioderus, Weise, has a serrate thoracic margin and emarginate intermediate tibia. Cheiriphyle metallrea, sp. na. Greenish zeneous, the basal joints of the antenne and the legs flavous or fulvous, head and thorax extremely closely punctured, elytra more strongly and very closely semiregularly punctured, the interstices at the sides transversely rugose. Length 5 millim. Head closely punctured, the clypeus separated from the face by a transverse depression, rugosely punctured, labrum fulvous, antennz extending to the middle of the elytra fulvous, the terminal joints fuscous (in some specimens, the lower joints are only fulvous at the base of each), third and following joints elongate ; thorax nearly twice as broad as long, of nearly equal width, the sides not much deflexed, the basal margin but slightly produced at the middle, the lateral margins strongly rounded, the surface very closely and irregularly punctured, the interstices slightly rugose, scutellum transverse, im- punctate ; elytra more strongly punctured than the thorax, the TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 17 242 Mr. M. Jacoby on punctures arranged in very closely approached rows near the suture, larger and irregularly placed near the sides, with the interstices at that place transversely rugose, below eneous or greenish, the legs flavous. Hab. BAHR EL GHAZAL (Belgian Mus. and my collection). The femora are rather strongly incrassate and their teeth are extremely small, the rugose interstices of the sides of the elytra is further characteristic of this genus and not found in the allied genera. Himerida clavareaut, sp. n. Broadly ovate and convex, zneous or cupreous, densely spotted with white scales, antennz black, thorax and elytra variegated with white and fulvous scales and hairs. Length 6 millim. Head closely covered with white scales, antennz extending to the base of the elytra, black, the basal joint clothed with white scales, the following five joints short, submoniliform, shining, the terminal joints more elongate, thickened, opaque ; thorax transverse, strongly narrowed anteriorly, the lateral margins obsolete, the surface closely covered with white scales and fulvous hairs, scutellum pentagonal, similarly pubescent, elytra cupreous like the rest of the surface, the white scales forming numerous small patches and transverse bands, the interstices clothed with fulvous bristle-like hairs, below and the legs similarly pubescent, the femora dentate, claws bifid. Hab. LUITPOLDKETTE, AFRICA orient. (Belgian Mus. and my collection). Of this handsome species I received several specimens from Mons. Clavareau ; the cupreous ground colour and the numerous white elytral spots consisting of scales will dis- tinguish the insect at first sight. Macetes variegatus, sp. 0. Dark neous, clothed with white pubescence, the antenne, tibize and tarsi fulvous, thorax finely and closely punctured, with three bands of whitish hairs, elytra of similar punctuation with transverse bands and spots of whitish pubescence, femora dark cupreous the anterior and posterior ones strongly dentate. Length 5 millim. Head finely and rather closely punctured, zneous or more or less African Phytophagous Coleoptera. (243 cupreous, clothed with white pubescence, the clypeus deeply tri- angularly emarginate, labrum trigonate, smooth, with a few punc- tures at the anterior edge, eyes nearly entire, antenne fulvous, the terminal joints thickened, the basal one stained with cupreous above, third joint one half longer than the second one, thorax about one half broader than long, rounded and widened at the middle, the disc swollen, obsoletely transversely depressed anteriorly, finely and closely punctured with lateral and a central (more or less distinct) bands of white hairs, scutellum subpentagonal, pubescent ; elytra wider at the base than the thorax, the shoulders angulate, the base with a very feeble transverse depression, clothed with rather long white hairs which form two more or less distinct transverse or ring-shaped bands below the base and a spot near the apex, the latter also strongly pubescent, below and the legs likewise clothed with white hairs, the anterior and posterior femora strongly dilated and with a strong tooth, intermediate tibize less strongly toothed, tibiz and tarsi fulvous, claws bifid. Hab. 8. Arrica, Dunbrody (Rev. 0’ Nert). This species seems allied to JL. perringueyt, Lefev., but differs in the fine and close punctuation of the thorax and elytra, in the feeble depression of the latter, and in having the entire tibize and tarsi of fulvous colour. In specimens which are not rubbed, the pubescence is dense and obscures the sculpture, and the bands or spots formed by the white pubescence can only just be made out. I have received five specimens from the Rev. O'Neil. Macetes ornatupennis, sp. 0. Below black with neous gloss, thorax with elongate punctures, black, sparingly pubescent, elytra finely punctate-striate, purplish, the sides with a narrow golden cupreous band; femora scarcely visibly toothed. Length 4 millim. Head rather strongly and moderately closely punctured, black, sparingly pubescent, the sides of the clypeus raised, the anterior margin semicircularly emarginate, the antennz with the lower six joints fulvous, the following three piceous (the last joints wanting) ; thorax twice as broad as long, strongly narrowed anteriorly, the sides forming an obtuse angle near the base, the disc obsoletely transversely depressed anteriorly, black, the anterior margin metallic greenish, the surface rather remotely impressed with elongate punctures, spar- ingly pubescent, scutellum broad, pubescent, blackish, elytra slightly 244 Mr. M. Jacoby on depressed below the base, rather regularly punctate-striate, the punc- tures much stronger at the sides, the interstices finely pubescent, purplish, the sides occupied by a golden cupreous band from the shoulders to the apex, below and the legs nearly black, the anterior and posterior femora widened, with a very minute tooth; prosternum broad, claws bifid. Hab. CAPE. I possess a single specimen of this well-marked species which agrees with J/acetes in everything except the nearly unarmed femora, but as this character is often variable I have thought it best not to remove the species from the genus. o Nerissus tuberculatus, sp. n. Greenish-black below, legs piceous, above greenish, clothed with yellowish hairs, thorax finely rugose, the lateral margins denticulate, elytra transversely rugose with numerous small black tubercles, metallic greenish. Length 8 millim. Head elongate, greenisb-black, finely punctured, clothed with yellow hairs, sides of the clypeus raised, its anterior margin straight, labrum fulvous, mandibles robust, antennze extending to the middle of the elytra, blackish, rather robust, the third joint one half longer than the second, terminal joints twice as long as broad, thorax about one half broader than long, transversely subquadrate, rather flattened, the lateral margins rounded and finely denticulate, the surface closely and strongly punctured, clothed with yellow hairs, the ground colour greenish, submetallic, scutellum subpentagonal, pubescent, elytra of a more decided green colour than the thorax, transversely rugose and covered with numerous shining small tubercles, the interstices deeply punctured and not very thickly clothed with yellow adpressed pubes- cence, and more sparingly with stiff erect black hairs, below nearly black, sparingly pubescent, legs piceous, the intermediate and the posterior tibize emarginate at the apex, claws bifid. Hab. CAMEROONS. The single specimen I possess of this species differs from any of its allies in the tuberculate elytra and the not very close pubescence, the former are not very highly raised, but very distinct, black and shining. —————— rll African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 245 Nerissus bicoloratus, sp. n. Black, head and thorax strongly punctured, clothed with thick fulvous pubescence, elytra sculptured like the thorax, the disc clothed with fulvous, the sides with white pubescence. Length 6 millim. Head clothed with long dark yellow pubescence, black, as well as the labrum, antennz long and slender, black, terminal joints much longer than broad, thorax transversely subquadrate, of the usual shape, the sides finely serrate, the surface rather depressed, rugosely punctured and of the same kind of pubescence as the head, seutellum likewise covered with hairs, elytra sculptured like the thorax, the yellow pubescence occupying the greater part of the disc, changing from yellow to white at the sides and the apex, below and the breast clothed with white hairs. Hab. SENEGAL. A typical Nerissws and well distinguished by the difter- ently coloured pubescence of the upper surface, one a bright dark yellow or pale fulvous, the other white. I only know a single specimen contained in my collection. Lefevrea semistriata, sp. n. Below piceous, above testaceous, thorax transverse, minutely and closely punctured, elytra closely and strongly semipunctate-striate with three or four smooth longitudinal lines, legs fulvous. Length 3$-4 millim. Head broad, closely punctured at the anterior portion, the punctures partly elongate, the vertex nearly impunctate, clypeus not separated, its anterior edge slightly concave, labrum and mandibles fulvous, antennee scarcely extending to the middle of the elytra, fulvous, the terminal six joints slightly widened, second joint about one half shorter than the third, the latter and the following two joints equal ; thorax twice as broad as long, slightly widened at the middle, the sides rather strongly rounded, the angles in shape of a small tooth, the surface very minutely and closely punctured, the punctures shallow and of somewhat oblong shape, scutellum impunctate, elytra much more strongly punctured than the thorax, the punctuation arranged in closely approached rows but getting obsolete near the apex and interrupted by four more or less distinct smooth longi- tudinal lines which assume the shape of cost near the sides ; below piceous, legs fulvous, the tibize entire, the first joint of the posterior tarsi as long as the following two joints, the third deeply and 246. Mr. M. Jacoby on elongately bilobed, claws appendiculate, the anterior margin of the thoracic episternum concave. ITab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Closely allied to Z. brunnea, Jac., but larger, the antennee shorter, the thorax more finely punctured and the elytra with longitudinal narrow smooth spaces which are absent in the allied species. I have received three specimens from Mr. Marshall. Lefevrea thoracica, sp. n. Fulvous, glabrous, thorax extremely closely and finely punctured, the interstices reticulate, elytra paler and shining, finely punctate- striate. Length 2 millim. Head impressed at the anterior portion with very closely placed shallow, round punctures, the interstices of which are reticulate, the clypeus not separated, its anterior edge straight, antenne extending to about the middle of the elytra, flavous, the second joint about a third shorter than the following ones, terminal joints slightly thickened, elongate, thorax rather more than twice as broad as long, the sides rounded, with a narrow margin, the angles rather obtuse, the surface sculptured entirely like that of the head, scutellum triangular, impunctate, elytra wider at the base than the thorax, paler and more shining, subcylindrical, regularly punctate-striate, each elytron with about 14 or 15 rows of punctures, finer but distinct _ to the apex ; below dark fulvous, the legs flavous, femora unarmed, tibize entire, claws appendiculate ; prosternum narrowed between the COXe. Hab, MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshail). Smaller than Z. brunnea, Jac., from the same locality and distinguished by the sculpturing of the head and thorax which consists of shallow, round punctures crowded together with the interstices finely reticulate. Pseudomalegia tibialis, sp. n. Black, the tibiee fulvous, above zneous, the thorax brassy, finely alutaceous, elytra more distinctly punctured in extremely closely placed rows, finely pubescent, tarsi black, the antenne with the second and third joint fulvous. Length 23 millim. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 24:7 Head obscure zeneous, not distinctly punctured, the pubescence obscuring any sculpturing, the clypeus not separated from the face, antennee extending to about the middle of the elytra, black, the second and third joint more or less fulvous, the second thickened, shorter than the third, the terminal joints slightly thickened ; thorax subcylindrical, the sides rounded at the middle, constricted anteriorly and posteriorly, the surface sculptured like that of the head, fur- nished with very short golden pubescence ; elytra dark zeneous, closely and distinctly punctured, the punctures arranged in very closely approached rows and clothed with thin grey pubescence, below and the femora blackish, the tibiz entire, fulvous, the tarsi black, claws bifid. Hab. CAPE Cotony, Dunbrody (Rev. 0 Netl). Of this little species I received a single specimen, it agrees with the other species of the genus in the entire tibize and general shape but differs in sculpturing and in the colour of the legs. Mashonania, gen. n. Body elongate, pubescent above, eyes entire, antennee filiform, the second joint scarcely shorter than the third, thorax transverse, the lateral margins distinct, scutellum subpentagonal, elytra irregularly punctured, legs slender, the femora moderately thickened, tibize not emarginate at the apex, the claws bifid, prosternum narrow between the coxe, the anterior margin of the thoracic episternum concave. The affinities of this genus seem to be partly those of the Leprotites and those of the Psewdocolaspites, the shape and the general pubescent upper surface agree with the first-named group, but the thorax has distinct lateral margins; the entire tibize and bifid claws agree with the Pseudocolaspites, but the prosternum is narrow and the general appearance of the insect different; this latter agrees better with Malegia or Habrophora and Lefevrea, from the last-named genus, the different shape of the thorax and the pubescent upper surface separates the genus. Mashonania brunnea, sp. 0. Pale fulvous above, below black, antennze and legs fulvous, upper surface closely covered with silky yellowish hairs, elytra minutely and closely punctured. Length 3} millim, 248 Mr. M. Jacoby on Head broad, the clypeus not defined, closely and strongly punc- tured, the rest of the surface closely pubescent, apex of the clypeus straight, palpi slender, flavous, antennz extending to about the middle of the elytra, slender, the basal three joints of nearly equal length, the following longer, the terminal ones slightly thickened, thorax twice and a half as broad as long, the sides rounded, slightly narrowed anteriorly, the basal margin oblique, slightly produced at the middle, the surface closely covered with grey pubescence, obscuring the sculpturing, scutellum similarly pubescent, elytra not wider at the base than the thorax, elongate and rather pointed at the apex, finely and closely punctured, the puncturing nearly invisible on account of the yellowish-grey pubescence ; the breast and abdomen blackish, sparingly covered with hairs. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Mashonania nigrita, sp. n. Black, pubescent, the antennze fulvous, the upper joints fuscous, thorax transverse, finely coriaceous, clothed with white pubescence, elytra finely semipunctate-striate, pubescent like the thorax, femora with a tooth, Length 3 millim. Of entirely black colour, the’ head finely coriaceous, opaque, the eyes large, entire, the clypeus not separated from the face, its sides raised in shape of a ridge, labrum fulvous, the terminal joints of the palpi piceous, antenne slender, the third and fourth joint equal, longer than the second, fourth and following joints more elongate, not thickened ; thorax twice as broad as long, the sides rounded, the angles not produced but distinct, the disc entirely coriaceous or finely rugose and clothed like the head with fine white pubescence, scutellum subquadrate, pubescent, elytra with closely approached rows of fine punctures, opaque, pubescent like the other parts, femora rather thickened, with a distinct tooth. Hab. Nata, Malvern (C. Barker). The single specimen kindly sent by Mr. Barker agrees entirely with the other species except in the dentate femora, but this character may possibly be peculiar only to the male sex as is sometimes the case; the whole insect is of black and opaque coloration with the exception of the labrum and the antenne. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 249 Rhembastus semrbrunneus, sp. n. Fulvous with eneous gloss, the antenne and legs paler, head and thorax closely punctured, the latter crowded with round, nearly confluent punctures, elytra fulvous with eneous gloss, closely punetate-striate, the interstices longitudinally costate, the lateral margins dark eneous. Length 3 millim. Of subelongate shape, fulvous with a slight seneous gloss, the head strongly rugose at the vertex the punctures confluent, the clypeus less strongly but very closely punctured, its anterior margin slightly concave, eyes surrounded by a narrow sulcus, antennz of moderate length, entirely pale fulvous, the second joint quite as long, if not longer than the third one, the terminal five joints thickened ; thorax more than twice as broad as long, the sides rather strongly rounded at the middle, the angles distinct, the surface crowded with deep round punctures extending to all the margins, with a faint metallic greenish gloss, the lateral margins darker, scutellum impunctate, elytra of a more pronounced fulvous colour with a faint metallic hue, finely and regularly punctate-striate, the interstices at the sides longitudinally costate, the punctures at the same place larger and deeper, the lateral margins dark greenish eneous, legs fulvous, the femora with a very minute tooth ; the prosternum elongate, narrowed at the middle, strongly rugose ; claws deeply bifid. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Of this species Mr. Marshall has sent three specimens, they differ from any of their allies in the rugosely punc- tured head and thorax in connection with the costate and semifulvous elytra. Lefevre has described a species, Syagrus rugiceps (Descript. new spec. Trans. 8. Afric. Philo- soph. Soc. 1890), which seems to agree with the present insect in colour and sculpturing (to judge from a five-line description), but his species is of double the size and of different coloration. ft. puncticollis, Har.,seems another closely allied species but is described as “cupreo-zeneus,” with reddish-piceous antenne and legs, and no mention is made of the costate lateral interstices of the elytra, nor is a certain deter- mination of such closely allied species possible when such short and unsatisfactory descriptions are given. Lthembastus inermis, sp. 0. Pale fulvous with a slight zneous gloss, apical joints of the 280° Mr. M. Jacoby on antennze fuscous, thorax closely punctured, elytra strongly punctate- striate, the punctures often doubled, the interstices convex, femora unarmed. Length 4-5 millim. Of rather elongate shape, the head finely and not very closely punctured, the clypeus not or scarcely separated from the face, transverse, similarly punctured as the head, antennz extending to the middle of the elytra, fulvous, the terminal four joints fuscous, second joint as long as the following ones, basal joint short and thick, thorax nearly twice as broad as long, the sides but slightly deflexed, feebly rounded, with a narrow margin, the surface slightly more strongly punctured than the head, the sides more closely so than the disc, the punctures of slightly oblong shape, scutellum oblong, impunctate ; elytra subcylindrical, generally of paler coloration than the thorax, the punctuation scarcely stronger than that of the thorax, arranged in somewhat irregular rows, often geminately, the interstices, especially at the sides longitudinally costate, the punctuation distinct to the apex; below rather darker, the femora without a tooth, the posterior tibize deeply emarginate at the apex, claws bifid. Hab. ZAMBI (Belgian Mus. and my collection). This species agrees in every respect with Lhembastus except in the unarmed femora which even under a strong lens show no sign of a tooth, but as this character is not always to be depended on it would not be wise to separate the insect generically; the female is much larger and broader and the upper surface is frequently more geneous in colour than fulvous, but the apex of the elytra is in all the specimens before me paler than the rest of the surface ; the species is principally distinguished by the irregular punctures forming the elytral striz and by the unarmed femora, the prosternum is broad but scarcely sulcate at the sides. Lthembastus mashonainus, sp. n. Dark piceous with neous lustre, the basal joints of the antennze fulvous, head and thorax closely and rather strongly punctured, elytra punctured in irregular rows, the punctures often double, nearly indistinct near the apex, femora unarmed. Length 4 millim. Of elongate, subcylindrical shape, the head very closely and rather strongly punctured, the punctures confluent at the clypeus, the latter not separated from the face, its anterior edge straight, African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 251 obscure fulvous, palpi pale fulvous, eyes not surrounded by a sulcus, antenne slender, extending below the middle of the elytra, black, the lower three or four joints fulvous, the second joint nearly as long as the third, but thicker, the fourth to the seventh joint fulvous at the apex, the terminal ones distinctly thicker, thorax transversely subquadrate, twice as broad as long, the sides nearly straight, the anterior angles slightly prominent, the surface closely impressed with deep, round punctures, which extend to all the margins, scutellum elongate, impunctate, its apex pointed, elytra strongly and irregularly punctate-striate, the punctures frequently double espect- ally so anteriorly, the interstices also with some very fine punctures but not raised ; below and the legs dark piceous, the tarsi rather lighter ; prosternum oblong, distinctly punctured, slightly longi- tudinally sulcate at the sides. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Colasposoma curvipes, sp. Nn. Dark seneous, very shining, head and thorax finely and closely punctured, elytra as closely but more strongly punctured than the thorax, the interstices at the sides finely transversely rugose, anterior tibiee curved. Mas. Thorax strongly transverse, widened at the sides, elytra with _ a feeble lateral depression, anterior femora dentate, their tibice strongly curved. Length 5-6 millim. Mas. Head finely and somewhat closely punctured, with a feeble central groove, the clypeus rather obsoletely separated from the face, the sutures stained with cupreous, antennse extending below the middle of the elytra, black, the lower two or three joints fulvous, the basal joint more or less stained with seneous, thorax about three times broader than long, narrowed at the middle, the anterior margin strongly concave, the sides strongly rounded, widest at the base, the dise convex, finely and closely punctured, the sides finely transversely strigose (more distinctly so in the female), scutellum twice as broad as long, with a few punctures, elytra rather short, feebly depressed below the base, closely and more strongly punctured than the thorax, the punctures unevenly arranged in rows near the suture, the sides more irregularly punctate and finely transversely rugose ; the penis strongly curved, the apex produced into a long and pointed end. Hab. Ikuta, AFRICA or. Of this distinct species I received several specimens 252 Mr. M. Jacoby on from the Belgian Museum. The insects may perhaps best be compared to C. laticolle, Lefev., on account of the laterally broadened thorax, but the entire colour is dark bronze or eeneous and the sculpturing of the upper surface is quite different, the same parts are also very shining and not subopaque, the colour of the legs does not differ from that of the body and the anterior femora are armed with a distinct tooth; the penis of C. latzcolle is not produced into a long point but is suddenly constricted at the apex into a short tooth. Corynodes auripes, sp. N. Greenish-blue, head and thorax minutely punctured, very shining, elytra subopaque, finely punctured in irregular rather distant rows, legs metallic greenish-cupreous, claws appendiculate. Length 12 millim. Head finely punctured, very convex, the supra ocular sulci very broad and deep, impunctate, clypeus separated by deep grooves, wedge-shaped, closely and not very strongly punctured and finely pubescent, labrum greenish, mandibles black, antennz not extending to the middle of the elytra, the lower five joints cupreous, the rest dark purplish, very broadly dilated, thorax subcylindrical, rather long, the lateral margins straight, the disc very closely and finely punctured intermixed with numerous larger punctures, the surface of a brassy greenish tint, much more shining than the elytra, the latter greenish-blue, with double or treble very irregular rows of fine punctures, the interstices aciculate, the breast and the legs metallic green, the tibize and tarsi more or less cupreous, abdomen dark blue, closely punctured ; the penis is short end strongly curved, the apex strongly rounded and rather suddenly pointed, the upper cavity short and broad. Hab. Bist, Bahr el Gazal (Coll. Belgian Mus. and my own). I know of no African Corynodes of similar coloration im connection with the elytral sculpture. Corynodes varicolor, sp. n. Obscure cupreous, violaceous or blue, the head sparingly punctured, the thorax elongate, scarcely perceptibly punctured, elytra rather finely, closely and regularly punctured, the punctures more closely and irregularly placed near the apex, claws appendiculate. Length 10 millim. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 253 Elongate and nearly parallel, the head very strongly convex at the vertex, the latter sparingly punctured, the clypeus bounded at the separation from the face above by two deep oblong fovea which are divided by a narrow central ridge, antennz extending beyond the base of the thorax, the last five joints very strongly widened and flattened, black or purplish; thorax conical, elongate, narrowed anteriorly, the sides straight, very strongly deflexed, the surface extremely minutely and irregularly punctured, very shining ; elytra subcylindrical, punctured in closely approached irregular rows ; below nearly impunctate, the sides of the thorax extremely finely strigose. Hab. DAHomEY, Porto Novo. I must separate this species from any of its African congeners on account of the sculpturing of the thorax and that of the elytra, which is less closely placed and more regular than in C. compressicornis, Fab. This insect is also of different coloration, the thorax is shorter and broader, and the claws are bifid. C. dejeani, Berth., has a strongly punctured thorax and semi-rugose elytra; there are speci- mens of the present insect before me of blue, violet and semicupreous colour, in the larger probably female insect, the elytral puncturing is very close and fine, and the interstices are often finely aciculate. Anomomera, Fairm. (Ann. Fr. 1887). I cannot find any differences to separate this genus from Centroscelis, in which the tibiz are likewise widened into a tooth at the apex. Fairmaire compares his genus with Gomoctena only, but not with the first-named genus, and the dilated posterior femora and the structure of the claws are likewise to be found in Centroscelis ; as to the shape of the prosternum and the state of the cavities, or the smooth or pubescent elytral epipleurz, the author leaves us in ignorance. Chrysomela transvalense, sp. n. Dark neous, subopaque, the antenne and the under side and legs nearly black, thorax finely and sparingly punctured, more closely so at the sides, elytra much more strongly and irregularly punctate, the space near the lateral margins impunctate. Length 6 millim. 254 Mr. M. Jacoby on Head minutely granulate and extremely finely and remotely punctured when seen under a very strong lens, the clypeus separated by a deep semicircular groove, antennz black, short, the basal joint very robust, nearly subquadrate, the second short, the third longer than the fourth joint, the terminal five thickened, the apical joint ovately pointed ; thorax about twice and a half broader than long, the sides nearly straight, slightly rounded and narrowed towards the apex, all the angles distinct but not acute, the surface finely and remotely punctured, intermixed with some still smaller punctuation, the latter more closely placed but scarcely stronger at the sides than at the middle, scutellum small ; elytra widened towards the middle, very convex, much more strongly punctured than the thorax, the punctures irregularly and not closely placed, the suture unaccom- panied by an impressed line, the interstices very minutely granulate, without smaller punctures, the space near the lateral margins rather broadly impunctate, the latter itself accompanied by a row of deep punctures ; epipleure very broad and smooth, impunctate and non- pubescent ; prosternum very narrow with a central raised ridge, claws simple. Hab. TRANSVAAL. I find it quite impossible to determine with any degree of certainty the unicolorous zeneous species of this genus described, or rather diagnosed, by Vogel in his monograph ; the differences he points out in his species are so vague and unsatisfactory, and apply only partially to any species, and all details so necessary are withheld, that it seems to me to be better to ignore all those of his species which are mentioned in this way. I cannot refer the present insect to any of that author's species, since the punctuation of the thorax and that of the elytra do not agree, as far as I am able to judge; the ridge of the prosternum seems another distinguishing character of the present insect, which may possibly be Vogel’s C. natalensis, although the lateral portions of the elytra near the margins are not raised as the author gives it. Polysticta conflwens, Gerst. var. marshalli, sp. n. Reddish fulvous, the terminal joints of the antenne, the sides of the breast and the legs black, thorax variolose-punctate at the sides only, with four small black spots, elytra finely punctate-striate, the interstices minutely punctured, Var. Thorax without spots. Length 8 millim. African Phytophagous Coleoptera. 255 Head with a few minute punctures, the clypeus distinctly separated by oblique grooves, palpi black, the last joint scarcely shorter than the preceding one, antennz short, extending to the base of the thorax only, black, the lower two joints flavous, terminal joints strongly transverse ; thorax three times broader than long, the sides straight, rounded anteriorly, the anterior margin deeply concave below the eyes, nearly straight at the middle, the disc very minutely and rather sparingly punctured, variolose-punctate near the lateral margins, of a pale brick-red colour, with four round black spots of which two small ones are placed at the middle near the base and the others rather larger a little higher near the sides, scutellum deep black, impunctate, elytra rather finely punctate-striate, the punctures not very regularly placed, below coloured like the upper side, the breast at the sides and the legs black, claws simple, the anterior coxal cavities open. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury (G. Marshall). Mr. Marshall has sent two specimens of this interesting variety which he took in company with the normal form. Chrysomela salisburiensis, sp. n. Metallic zneous below, the basal joints of the antennez flavous, thorax metallic green, the sides with a large cupreous patch, deeply depressed and confluently punctured, elytra reddish cupreous, with five metallic green narrow bands, the latter limited by rows of fine punctures, the interstices impunctate. Length 7 millim. Hab. MASHONALAND, Salisbury ; in swamp (G4. Marshall). I am obliged to separate this species from C. americana, L., to which insect it is otherwise closely allied, for several reasons, the sculpturing of the thorax, that of the elytra and the structure of the male organ is quite different; in C. americana the lateral margins of the thorax are scarcely raised, and the punctures preceding them are well separ- ated and distinct; in the present insect, on the contrary, the margins are strongly raised, and preceded by a broad and flattened depression, within which the punctures are so crowded (in the male insect) as to be almost indistinct ; this is not so much the case in the female, but more marked also here than in the allied species, the punctua- tion of the elytra is not deep and regular, but fine, and the rows of punctures are not anything so regularly placed 256 Mr. M. Jacoby on African Phytophagous Coleoptera. as in C.americana ; lastly, the penis is much more strongly curved and broader, but agrees in general structure except at the apex, which at the sides is turned downwards into a triangular widening near the point. - Specimens from Abyssinia in my collection are larger, but the sculpturing of the thorax and that of the elytra are similar, except that the interstices between the narrow green bands are finely but distinctly punctured ; whether this is again another closely allied form, or only a local aberration, the examination of the penis will probably decide, but I have only female specimens for examination. Lastly, Fairmaire has described a C. interversa from Kaili- mandjaro, which he says differs from C. americana in the reversion of the elytral coloured bands, but his description is quite unintelligible in regard to these bands, as he speaks of a sutural,a 4th, 5th, and 7th band (meaning, I suppose, the narrow purplish stripes which are limited by punctures, but of which each elytron only has five). I possess a specimen lkewise from Kilimandjaro which answers partly Fairmaire’s description, but as the author says nothing of the sculpture of the thorax, or other details, his species must remain obscure. My specimen, from the same locality, agrees in the main points with C. americana, but as it is a female one cannot come to a settled conclusion as to its identity. Of C. salisburiensis there are three specimens before me which agree very nearly in the details pointed out above. EXPLANATION OF PLATE X. F . Cryptocephalus lividus. r varioplagiatus. 3 barker. 2 3. 4. Miopristis hirta. 5 varupes. 6 a melanocephalus. igs. 7. Camptolenes brevitarsis. 8. Diapromorpha tigrina. 9. Peploptera curvilinea. 10. Diapromorpha terminata. 11. Gyriodera sublexvicollis. 12. Himerida clavareaw. ( 257 ) XII. A Revision of the American Notodontide, By WILLIAM SCHAUS, F.Z.S. [Read June 5th, 1901.] PLATES XI and XII. In the present revision of American Wotodontidx I have omitted the Melalophidxe as separated by Mr. Dyar, and hope on some future occasion to give this sub-group my attention. Besides the types in the British Museum and at Oxford, I have been able to examine the types figured by Felder, those described by Mr. Dognin, and very nearly all described by Mr. Herbert Druce. I have not referred to Heterocampa mariwa, Dogn., H. nea, Druce, and H. volana, Druce, which are Noctuide, and likewise a number of species included in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, and Kirby’s catalogue under the Notodontidx, as they belong to other families. The types of a number of Walker's species described from the Fry collection are lost, and so far as I am able to identify them from the description, they belong to other groups. Peroma anomala, Sureta tripars, Sanega orcus. and Sidana bifascies may all refer to species of Hemiceras. Burmeister in his Atlas, Pl. xxi. fig. 2, figures the larva of an Anurocampa camelinordes = A. canovaria, Walk. and fig. 3, A. vomaxz, which he believes to be A. melanostigma, Walk. Walker described a Naprepa camelinerdes, and the figure may refer to this species, but A. canovaria, Walk., is evidently a species of Hydrias, and A. melanostigma a species of Titya, so fig. 3 no doubt refers to a new species, or it may eventually prove to be Naprepa elongata, Schs. I have not always given the synonymy of the North American species, as they have been so admirably worked out by Professor Packard. At Rennes I have examined Guenée’s types of the genus Hemiceras, and have carefully compared specimens of all the species in my collection. I have not seen Moschler’s types, but his descriptions are all that could be desired, TRANS. ENT, SOC, LOND, 1901.—PART Il. (SEPT.) 18 258 Mr. W. Schaus’s Key to the Genera. A, Vein 5 on secondaries present. a. Inner margin of primaries without tuft of scales. a. Areole present. a?, Vein 5 on primaries from upper angle of cell. a’, Veins 8-10 stalked . b*. Veins 7-8 stalked. a‘. Apex of primaries truncated . b4, Apex of primaries not truncated c?, Veins 7-8 not stalked : b?, Vein 5 on primaries from below specs ase of cell, or from middle of discocellular. a*. Veins 6 and 7 from upper angle of cell b%. Vein 6 only from upper angle of cell, or from areole near cell. a*, Veins 7-10 stalked. a. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries stalked b®. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries from a point b*. Veins 8-10 stalked a, Outer margin of primaries crenulate b’. Outer margin of primaries not crenulate. a’, Veins 6 and 7 on secondaries from a point . : Lb’. Veins 6 and 7 on eee sind hell a’, Palpi with third joint as iw: as second , b’. Palpi with third oer very sie : ct, Veins 7-8 stalked. a. ee margin of primaries oblique. . Anal tuft hairy . 08 Anal tuft distinctly peeceaitans! b°. Outer margin hardly oblique. ‘ a®, Vein 8 on secondaries diverging from 7 at middle of cell on Vein 8 on secondaries diverging rm om 7 at end of cell. a’, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart b7, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries from a point . d*, Veins 7-8 not stalked. a, Antenne fasciculate. a’, Primaries crenulate. a’, Palpi with third joint long. a’, Veins 6-7 on secondaries stalked Calledema. Drastoma. Pronerice. Tagela. Strophocerus. Antiora. Anurocampa. Nadata. Cargida. Minara. Nerice. Nystalea. Pentobesa. Heorta. Theroa. Euhyparpaz. Bardaxima. Revision of the American Notodontide. 25 b8. Veins 6-7 on secondaries not stalked : 7, Palpi with third joint seat eA No frontal tuft. a. Outer margin of primaries not angled . , b°. Outer margin of opaAen angled . . 68. A high frontal tuft . bS. Primaries not crenulate. a’, Palpi with third joint short. a’, A long tuft of hairs at base of antenne . . A raised tuft on Ha 8. Head without raised tuft. Ce Veins 3-4 on secondariesstalked b®. Veins 3-4 on secondaries not stalked. a, Abdomen with fan shape anal tuft 61°, Abdomen without fan ieee anal tuft. al, Fore legs smooth b41, Fore legs hairy . cl?, Abdomen with spatulate scales b’. Palpi with third joint long. a’, Wings broad b8. Wings narrow. a®. Head with raised tuft 6°, Head without raised tuft. a, Apex of primaries rounded 51°, Apex of primaries acute somewhat falcate b§, Antenne pectinated to tips. a®, Veins 3-4 on secondaries apart b§. Veins 3-4 on secondaries from a point ce’, Antenne pectinated, but “ " jas a®, Head with a raised tuft. a, Palpi with 3rd joint long b’. Palpi with 3rd joint short b°, Head without a raised tuft. a’, Veins 7-8 on primaries short. tiite “ol Phedosia. Elymiotis. Ctianopha. Proelymiotis. Lysana. Pseudantiora. Cottobara. Marthula. Antiopha. Hragisa. Crinodes. Poresta. Lepasta. Tachuda. Contrebia. Hyparpax. Kalkoma. Didugua. Dasylophia, 260 Mr. W. Schaus’s a®. Vein 8 on secondaries diverging from 7 at end of cell . b§. Vein 8 on secondaries diverging from 7 before end of cell b’. Veins 7-8 on primaries long. a’. Vein 8 on secondaries close to 7 to end of cell Fo b§. Vein 8 on secondaries Pete from 7 at middle of cell. a®, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart i: . Veins 3 and 4 on smote Rawlie from a point . c3, Vein 6 from end or near end of areole. a‘, Veins 7-10 stalked. a°. Palpi with 3rd joint long b°, Palpi with 3rd joint short . bt. Veins 7-8 stalked. a’. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries close together. a’. Areole long b®, Areole short. a’, Antenne pectinated to tips . b’. Antenne pectinated but not to tips b°, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart. a°, Wings long and narrow . b§. Wings short and broad ae ie 7 and 8 not stalked. 5. Wings long and narrow . " Wings short and broad . d’, Vein 6 from about centre of areole or at base of areole when originating beyond cell. a‘. Veins 8-10 stalked bt. Veins 7-8 stalked c*, Veins 7 and 8 not stalked. a°®. Antenne pectinated to tips. a°. Areole short . b®. Areole long : b®. Antennee pectinated but ee | a a®. Fore legs with broad curved tufts b®. Fore legs hairy. qa. Vein 8 on secondaries close to 7 to end or near end of cell. a’. Head tufted. Foarigia. Pesudodryas. Eustema. Tecmessa. Psorocampa. Hippia. Symmerista. Arhacia. Cerura. Betola. Lirimiris. Gopha. Naduwna. Paulwma. Drugera. Hardingia. Eucerwra. Salluea. Skaphita. Revision of the American Notodontide. a?. Wings narrow, outer margin oblique er ioe . Wings broader, iligr margin more rounded b8. Head hairy, no tuft. a. Wings short and broad . b®. Wings long and narrow. a9, Areole originating beyond eell . b', Areole originating pear end of cell. wv, Vein 5 from middle of discocellular bY. Vein 5 from near upper angle of cell b7. Vein 8 on secondaries diverging from 7 at middle of cell. a’. Apex of secondaries obtuse b8. Apex of secondaries rounded. a®. Costal margin of secondaries below not very hairy. a, Apex of primaries very acute ee b10, Apex of primaries mee very acute b*. Costal margin of se aeadicles below with long hairs and thick tufts c5, Antennee fasciculate. a®, Fascicles long on basal half. b’. Fascicles short on basal half. a’, Vein 8 close to 7 to end of cell. a’, Outer margin of primaries oblique. a®, Outer margin crenulate, w°, Palpi with 3rd joint short . b1°, Palpi with 3rd joint long . b®. Outer margin not crenulate. a°, Veins 3 and 40n secondaries apart bY, Veins 3 and 4on stedlaus ies from a point. a, Costal margin of second- aries straight at base. 261 Dicentria. Schizura. Litodonta. Psilacron. Misogada. Notoplusia. Dognina. Ichthyosoma. Heterocampa. Malocampa. Magava. Rhuda. Gisara. Boriza. 262 Mr. W. Schaus’s a#, Apex acute 1 . . . Blera. b2, Apex rounded . . . Chadisra. b4, Costal margin of second- aries convex on basal half. a2, Abdomen with long anal tuft =. . +. . Rimcodes. b12, Abdomen without long anal tuft. . . . . Talmenia. b8. Outer margin of primaries rounded. a®. Outer margin crenulate . . Ophitis. b*. Outer margin not crenulate. a, Legs and palpi very hairy. Meragisa. 610, Legs and palpi not very hairy’ 93 4. Phastia. b’. Vein 8 diverging frien 7 at aida of cell. a’. Outer margin of primaries angled. a®, Outer ek. concave below apex! 4), ‘ Huxoga. . Outer margin concave tate WONG WL Li . Goaxis. b8. Outer margin of primaries ‘ict angled. a’. Inner angle of ae much rounded.) .-T. . . Maschane. b®. Inner angle of primaries not rounded: j 0.0. 20% a. Giferoae b1. Areole absent. a*, Veins 6-10, or 7-10 stalked. a. Vein 10 from beyond 7. a*, Veins 3and 4 on secondaries close together. - Veith 8 free a) 0 hos ; co eaipeloae . Vein 8 connected ey a 2 middle of eglleby's bat 9 4 "Ree een 8 os ober b+. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart. a Palplong: (Se ee Oe gee b, Palpremall 2... 2 eo. sk 2 Gp b®, Vein 10 from before 7. a‘, Vein 6 on primaries at some distance from cell. a, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart. . Nagidusa. Revision of the American Notodontide. 263 b>, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries from a point. a®, Antennee pectinated to tips. b°, Antenne not pectinated to tips bt. Vein 6 on primaries at or close to angle of cell. a, Antenne pectinated to tips. a®, Veins 6-7 on secondarieson long stalk b®. Veins 6-7 on secondarieson short stalk b®. Antenne not pectinated to tips. a®, Long tufts of hairs at base of antennze b°. No tufts of hairs at base of antennce b?. Veins 6-9 stalked Sly ee ga b. Inner margin of primaries with tuft of scales. a, Primaries with areole. a*, Vein 5 from upper angle of cell. a’, Inner margin excised and deeply lobed. a‘, Outer margin of primaries angled b*. Outer margin of primaries rounded b?. Inner margin of primaries rounded b?. Vein 5 from below angle of cell. a®, Outer margin crenulate. a‘. Veins 7-8 stalked b4. Veins 8-10 stalked. a. Vein 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. b°. Vein 8 diverging at middle of cell ce’, Veins 8-10 not stalked b®. Outer margin not crenulate b1. Areole absent. a. Veins 6-10 stalked. a®, Antenne shortly pectinated .. b°. Antenn simple . } b?. Veins 7-10 stalked . B. Vein 5 on secondaries absent. a. Areole present. a, Antenne pectinated to tips . b'. Antenne not pectinated to tips. aw, Vein 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell . b?. Vein 8 diverging at base of cell. b. Areole absent. a, Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries apart b'. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries from a point. a*, Antenne of ¢ pectinated on basal half . b?, Antennze not pectinated. Elida. Macrurocampa. Harpyia. Notela. EHuharpyia. Ewnotela. EHunystalea. Pontala. Apela. Dylomia. Naprepa. Lophopteryx. Herbertina. Odontosia. Hypereschra. Notodonta. Lophodonta. Pheosia. Goacanypa. Kurtia. Anita Colax. Hemiceras. 264 Mr. W. Schaus’s a’, Antenne nodose at base. . . . . Hapigia. b®. Antenne not nodose at base. a4, Palpi with 3rd joint short . . . COhliara. b¢. Palpi with 3rd jointlong. . . . Antea. c?, Antennee pectinated to tips. a®, Inner margin of primaries excised . Pseudhapigia. b°, Inner margin of primaries straight . Canodia. CALLEDEMA. Calledema, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 65 (1878). * Antenne fasciculate. Palpi porrect, long, especially the second joint. Primaries: apex acute, slightly falcate ; outer margin much rounded to vein 4, then oblique to inner margin ; vein 5 from upper angle of cell; veins 8-10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. C. marmorea, Butl. Marmorea, Butl., 1. c. (1878). Sodalis, Butl., 1. c., p. 66, t. 3, f. 7 (1878). Plusia, Feld. (Nystalea), Reise Nov., t. xevu, f. 7 (1874). Plustoides, Feld. (Nystalea), |. c., f. 4 (1874). Jocasta, Schs., sp. Nov. Calledema jocasta, sp. nov. Primaries olivaceous-grey, with transverse wavy white striz ; an indistinct, geminate, basal reddish line; a dark line from the costa at a third from the base, through the cell and between veins 4 and 5 to the outer margin ; this line is reddish-brown on costa, otherwise black ; a reddish-brown spot below the median vein at vein 2 ; a large quad- rate, reddish-brown spot on costa at two-thirds from the base. Second- aries brownish-grey. Expanse 41 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. Drastoma, gen. nov. Female. Antenne serrate. Palpi short. Primaries slightly con- vex at base of costa; apex truncated ; outer margin angled between veins 5 and 6, then rounded to inner margin; vein 5 from upper angle of cell; 6 from near end of areole; veins 7 and 8 stalked ; 10 Revision of the American Notodontide. 265 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. D. dardania, Druce. Dardania, Druce (Tifama ?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xv, p. 49 (1895). Biol. Centr.-Amer. Lep. Het., t. xei, f. 17. . Pronerice, gen. nov. Palpi extending well beyond head ; first and second joints long ; third joint shorter. Primaries long and broad ; costa slightly con- vex ; outer margin rounded ; inner margin straight ; vein 5 from upper angle of cell ; 6 and 10 from end of areole ; 7 and 8 on long stalk ; areole long and narrow. Secondaries long and broad ; costa convex ; veins 3 and 4 from lower angle, 6 and 7 from upper angle of cell. Type. P. disjuncta, Dognin. Disjuncta, Dogn. (Nerice), Le Naturaliste, p. 85 (1892) ; Lep. de Loja, p. 90, t. 9, f 8. Tagela, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi upturned ; second joint long; third joint one-third as long as second. Legs smooth. Primaries long and broad ; the costa nearly straight ; the outer margin slightly rounded ; veins 3 and 4 well apart ; 5 from upper angle of cell ; 6 from near end of areole ; 7 and 8 from a point ; 10 from before end of areole. Secondaries: costal margin straight ; outer margin and anal angle rounded ; veins 3 and 4 froma point; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 diverging from 7 at one-third of the length of the cell from the base. Type. 7’. dentata, Schs. Dentaia, Schs. (Symmerista), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 335, T. mate. fe 1. STROPHOCERUS. Strophocerus, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges., xxxli, p. 344 (1883). Female antennze fasciculate ; a long tuft of hairs at base of antenne. Palpi long ; second joint curved; third joint not half so long as second. Legs thin and long. Primaries broad : apex acute, subfaleate ; outer margin rounded ; inner angle oblique ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 and 7 from upper angle of cell ; 8 from end of areole ; x 266 Mr. W. Schaus’s 9 absent 3 10 stalked with 8. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4, also 6 and 7 from a point. Type. S. floccaferus, Moschl. Floceiferus, Moschl., 1. c., p. 845 (1883), t. 18, f. 35. I am unacquainted with this species, and am inclined to doubt its belonging to the Notodontide. ANTIORA. Antiora, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. vii, p. 1769 (1856). Antenne pectinated. Primaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4, also 6 and 7 stalked ; 5 from near upper angle of cell. Type. A. subfulva, Walk. Subfulva, Walk., 1. c. (1856) = Drymonia ochronuiata, H. 8. Ausser,-Europ. Schmett., 1, f. 495 (1856). ANUROCAMPA. Anurocampa, H. 8., Ausser.-Europ. Schmett., 1, p. 11 (1854), Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi hairy, conical, hardly extending beyond frons. Primaries: vein 5 from just above middle of disco- cellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked; areole usually short. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. A. mingens, H. 8S. Mingens, H. S., 1. c¢., ff 83, 84. Larva figured by Bur- meister. Lep. Rep. Arg. Atlas, Pl. xxu, f. 1. NADATA. Nadata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1062 (1855). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi short. Thorax with a high crest. Primaries: outer margin crenulate; vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from areole near upper angle of cell; 8 and 10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type of genus. WV. gibbosa, Sm. and Abb. Gabbosa, Sm. and Abb. (Phalena), Lep. Georg., 11, t. 82 1797): Revision of the American Notodontide. 267 Cargida, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated in male, serrate in female. Palpi porrect, hairy; third joint short. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of disco- cellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7 from end of areole ; 8-10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 from a point. Type. Cargida pyrrha, Druce. Pyrrha, Druce (Heterocampa ?), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Het., p. 459, t. xci, ff. 4, 5 (1898). MINARA. Minara, Walk., Cat Lep. Het., B. M. vii, p. 1711 (1856). Antenne pectinated to tips in male, simple in female. Palpi hairy, porrect, extending just beyond frons ; third joint half as long as second. Primaries broad ; vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; areole long; 8 and 10 on short stalk. Secondaries ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. JL histrionica, H. 8. Histrionica, H. 8. (Notodonta), Ausser.-Europ. Schmett., i, f. 382 (1855) = Pardalina, Walk. (Minara), 1. c., p. 1712 (1856). NERICE. Nerice, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1076 (1855). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi: third joint very short. Primaries: vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from areole, usually near upper angle; areole long; 8 and 10 stalked. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. WV. Bidentata, Walk. | Bidentata, Walk., |. c., p. 1076 (1855). NYSTALEA. Nystalea, Guen., Spec. Gén. Lep. Noct., ui, p. 122 (1852). Cyrrhesta, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xi, p. 633 (1857). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi extending a little beyond frons ; second joint very hairy, smooth; third joint very small. Head with raised tufts. Wings long and narrow. Primaries: the outer margin slightly rounded, oblique, somewhat crenulate ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole near cell, usually ; 268 Mr. W. Schaus’s areole long, narrow, originating from before end of cell; 7 and 8 more or less stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 usually stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. WV. ebalea, Cr. Ebalea, Cr. (Noctua) Pap. Exot., iv, t. 310, C. (1781) = Conchyfera, Guen. (Nystalea), 1. ¢., p. 122, t. 9, £2 (1852). Nyseus, Cr. (Noctua) Pap. Exot.,1, t. 75, E. (1775) = Nyseus (Cyrrhesta), Walk., lc, p. 633 = Guttiplena, Walk. (Nystalea), 1. c., xi, p. 635 (1857). Superciliosa, Guen., |. ¢., p. 123 (1852). Lineiplena, Walk., 1. ¢., xi, p. 635 (1857) = Cucullia, Feld. Reise, Nov., t. xcvu, f. 6 (1874). Inchoans, Walk., |. ¢., x1, p. 686 (1857). Idonea, Walk., |. c., xv, p. 1743 (1858). Virgula, Feld., 1. ¢., xeviu, f. 3 (1874). Squamosa, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 26. Nigritorquata, Dogn., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 1900, p. 436. Drucei, Schs., Nom. Nov.= JN. sabella, Druce ~ (nec $), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. 92, f. 6. Marmorea, Schs., sp. nov. Plumipes, Schs., sp. nov. Nystalea marmorea, sp. nov. Head and thorax dark grey. Abdomen light greyish-brown above, yellowish below. Primaries dark greyish-brown, streaked with black ; the inner and outer lines indistinct ; a subterminal dentate light brown line, followed by an irregular line of small velvety brown spots edged with lighter brown ; a terminal row of dark spots extending on to the fringe ; at the apex, inner angle, and from the middle of costa, through discal spot, large white spaces on which the lines are more clearly defined ; the discal spot large, fine, linear, brown. Secondaries with the basal half semi-hyaline white, the outer half smoky black; the fringe whitish. Expanse 50 ni.m. Hab. TRINIDAD, B. W. I. Nystalea plumipes, sp. nov. Head and collar brown, thorax grey. Abdomen brown above, testaceous at base and underneath. Primaries grey speckled with reddish-brown scales, and shaded with light green ; wavy basal, Revision of the American Notodontide. 269 median and outer brown lines, the last followed by a broad brown and dark grey shade ; a subterminal velvety black line ; a terminal blackish line, the latter much less distinct ; a row of velvety black points in the cell, and one point beyond it on the subcostal. Second- aries brown, whitish at the base ; the fringe testaceous. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. Pentobesa, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi: second joint long ; third joint short. Head tufted posteriorly. Anal segment with long scales, bifid in male. Wings long and narrow. Primaries: the outer margin slightly oblique; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7 and 8 stalked ; 10 from endof areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell, then diverging slightly. Type. Pentobesa xylinoides, Walk. AXylinoides, Walk. (Edema), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxv, p. 1931 (1866)=Pinna, Druce (Symmerista), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, p. 239, t. xxv, fig. 9 (1887). Valta, Schs., sp. nov. Pentobesa valta, sp. nov. Head and collar brownish ; patagize white inwardly bordered with buff. Primaries buff thinly irrorated with black scales, and shaded with brown above the median vein and vein 5, also below the submedian vein ; a subterminal row of intervenal black points, outwardly shaded with grey ; a distinct black discal point. Second- aries white ; a terminal smoky line ; fringe white. Expanse 40 m.m. Hab. COLOMBIA. Allied to P. zylinoides, Walk. HEORTA. Heorta, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xv, p. 1664 (1858). Female. Antenne simple. Palpi porrect, not extending beyond frons ; third joint minute. Legs not very hairy. Primaries: apex acute ; outer margin broad, rounded, very slightly oblique ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole near angle ; 7 and 8 270 Mr. W. Schaus’s stalked ; 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. H. roseoalba, Walk. Roseoalba, Walk., 1. c., p. 1665 (1858). Theroa, gen. nov. Female. Antenne simple. Palpi short, hairy, not extending beyond frons. Legs hairy. Primaries broad; the outer margin rounded, the inner angle rounded ; vein 6 from areole near cell ; 7 and 8 usually on short stalk. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked, 8 diverging from 7 at end of cell. Type. 7. zethus, Druce. Zethus, Druce (Dasylophia), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., ii, p. 454, t. xc, f. 11 (1898). EUHYPARPAX. Huhyparpax, Beut., Bull, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., v, p. 19 (1893). Antenne pectinated but not to tips. Palpi very short. Legs pilose. Primaries: costa slightly concave about the middle ; apex acute; outer margin slightly rounded; inner angle obliquely rounded ; vein 5 from about middle of discocellular; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7 and 8 stalked from areole, which is short ; 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : outer margin oblique ; veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. Luhyparpax rosea, Beut. Rosea, Beut., 1. ¢. BARDAXIMA. Bardaxima, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xiv, p. 1849 (1858), Gozarta, Walk., Char. Lep. Het., p. 18 (1869). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi: third joint long. Primaries: outer margin crenulate; vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; areole long; 7 and 8 from end of areole ; 10 from before end. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. B. longara, Stoll. Revision of the American Notodontide. 271 Longara, Stoll, Pap. Exot. Sup., t, 18, f. 3, F., G. (1791) =Lwucilinea, Walk. (Bardaxima), lc, p. 1349 (1858) = Demea, Druce (Nystalea?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), xv, p. 50 (1895), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Lep. Het., t. xcu, f. 12=Pulgurifera. Walk. (Gozarta), Char. Lep. Het., p. 18 (1869). Marcida, Feld., Reise Nov., t. 98, f. 2 (1874). Perses, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 516 (1900). Demera, Schs., sp. nov. Bardaxima demera, sp. nov. Head and collar reddish-brown ; thorax dark grey. Abdomen brown above, testacous below. Primaries grey, shaded with brown along the costa, and beyond the outer lines; the lines wavy, irregular ; basal and inner lines geminate, dark grey ; a short dark transverse median line in the cell, followed on subcostal by a small greyish annular spot ; a fine black line surmounting a velvety black spot at the end of the cell; below the end of the-cell; a dark grey patch: an oblique dark wavy line beyond the cell, joining the outer line near the inner margin; the outer line geminate, wavy, outwardly spotted with black; and followed by a series of irregular black spots; a subterminal lunular black line, and a terminal wavy black line ; an apical spot, whitish towards the base and outwardly reddish-brown, enclosing a velvety black spot ; fringe brown, spotted with grey. Secondaries brown, fringe paler. Expanse 60 m.m. Hab. DEMERARA. PHEDOSIA. Phedosia, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 691 (1878). Antenne fasciculate, almost as long as primaries. Palpi long, thickly covered with short hairs ; third joint long. Anal tuft. Legs very hairy ; tarsi partly hairy. Primaries: outer margin convex, slightly crenulate ; inner angle rounded ; vein 5 much nearer 6 than 4; 7,8, 10from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4, also 6 and 7 from a point. Type of Genus. P. twrbida, Moschl. Turbida, Moschl., 1. c. (1878), t. x, f. 49. 272 Mr. W. Schaus’s ELYMIOTIS. Elymiotis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xi, p. 609 (1857). Cicynna, Walk., 1. c., xi, p. 1104 (1857). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi: second joint very hairy ; third joint short; extending beyond frons. Primaries: outer margin crenulate ; vein 5 from above centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7 and 8 from end of areole. Secondaries; veins 3 and 4 from a point, 6 and 7 from a point or short stalk. Type. £. notodontordes, Walk. Notodontoides. Walk., 1. c, xi, p. 609 (1857) =Sericea, Walk. (Cicynna), |. ¢, xii, p. 1105 (1857) =Phale- roides, Walk. (Nystalea), |. ¢., xxxili, p. 760 (1865). Attenuata, Walk. (Nystalea), |. c, xv, p. 1743 (1858) = Ancora, Feld. (Nystalea), Reise Nov.,t. 97, f. 8 (1874); 2=Purpwrascens, Butl. (Amphipyra), Trans. Ent. - Soc. 1879, p. 37. Longicornis, Feld. (Nystalea), 1. c., t. 97, f. 5 (1874). Audax, Druce (Edema), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vii, p. 76 (1901). Alata, Druce (Edema), P. Z. 8., 1890, p. 510; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., u1, t. 90, f. 12. I have not examined this species, but its similarity to Audax, Dr., leads me to suppose it belongs here. Alector, Druce (Heterocampa), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 238, t. 25, £ 7 (1887). I place this species temporarily in the genus Elymiotis. The type is a female and has lost its antenne. The margins are crenulate ; vein 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 are apart ; 6 and 7 on short stalk; 8 close to 7 to end of. cell. Ciianopha, gen. nov. 2. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi extending beyond frons ; second joint long, third short. Collar tufted. Primaries broad ; outer margin slightly crentilate and angled at vein 3; vein 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7, 8, and 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. C. argyria, Butl. Argyria, Butl. (Tiauspa), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 36. bo ~j Su) Revision of the American Notodontide. Proelymiotis, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi porrect, second joint long. Head with high crest. Tibie hairy. Wings broader than in Nystalea. Primaries ; outer margin crenulate ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 5 from just above centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8; 10 from areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. P. equipars, Walk. Ajquipars, Walk. (Nystalea), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xv, p. 1742 (1858) = Seminivea, Walk. (Heterocampa), Char. Lep. Het., p. 17, n. 28 (1869) =Divisa, Moschl. (Ny- stalea), Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxul, p. 343, t. 18, f, 32 (1883). AXylophasioides, Butl. (Etobesa), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond,, 1878, p. 68. Arpia, Schs., sp. nov. Proelymiotis arpia, sp. nov. Primaries; outer two-thirds of costal and inner margins pale buff, otherwise violaceous-brown, with paler intervenal longitudinal lines towards the outer margin; a whitish subterminal spot between veins 3 and 4; traces of a buff, lunular, outer line between veins 2 and 5 ; a thick dark streak below the median vein on the basal half. Secondaries brown ; the fringe buff. Expanse 40 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO, Brazil. LYSANA. Lysana, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxu, p. 347 (1883). ¢. Antennz serrate-fasciculate ; a long tuft of hair at base of antenna. Palpi upturned, extending above head; second joint long third joint very short. Fore legs very hairy. Primaries broad ; apex not acute; costal margin before apex slightly depressed ; outer margin rounded ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries; veins 3 and 4 on short stalk ; 6 and 7 on longer stalk ; 8 diverging from near base of cell, Type. Lysana plexa, Moschl. Plewa, Moschl., 1. c., p. 348 (1883), t. 18, f. 36. Plusiana, Schs., sp. nov. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (SEPT.) 19 274 Mr. W. Schaus’s Lysana (?) plusiana. Head and thorax lilacine-grey mottled with reddish-brown. Ab- domen grey ; a brown dorsal patch at base. Primaries lilacine-grey mottled with light olivaceous-brown ; a light brown shade near base of costa and cell ; an oblique white line from submedian vein at one- fourth from base to end of cell followed by a dark and cupreous brown space; an oblique white line on inner margin at one-third from base to submedian vein followed by some cupreous-brown ; a blackish streak from cell to near outer margin between veins 4 and 5; the outer margin brownish above vein 3, with reddish and cupreous shadings and an oblique white streak between veins 4 and 5; fringe mottled light and dark grey. Secondaries: brown in the @; the basal two-thirds white in the ¢, the outer margin brown ; some reddish-brown mottlings above anal angle crossed by a white line. Expanse ¢ 25m.m.; 2 31 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. _ Differs from Moschler’s description of Zysana in having smooth legs. PSEUDANTIORA. Pseudantiora, Kirby, Cat. Lep. Het., vol. i, p. 566. Antvora, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxii, p. 346 (1883). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi ascending ; second joint twice as long as third. Head with tuft. Primaries : outer margin broad, rounded ; vein 5 from above centre of discocellular ; 6 from areole near cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point or short stalk; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. P. contingata, Moschl. Contingata, Moschl. (Antiora), lc, p. 347, t. 18, f. 35 (1883). COTTOBARA. Cottobara, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1862, p. 95. ?. Antenne finely fasciculate. Palpi ascending, thickly scaled ; third joint minute. Primaries: vein 5 from above middle of dis- cocellular ; 6 from areole near cell; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 6 and 7 on longer stalk; 8 very close to 7 to end of cell. Type. C. concinna. Concinna, Walk., 1. ¢. Revision of the American Notodontide. 275 MARTHULA. Marthula, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. ix, p. 164 (1856). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi hairy, smooth; third joint small. Long anal tuft, usually fan-shape. Primaries: outer margin straight, rounded below vein 4; vein 5 from just above middle of disco- cellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8 and 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. MM. quadrata, Walk. Quadrata, Walk., 1. c., p. 164 (1856), t. x1, f. 2. Multifascia, Walk. (Xanthia), lc. x, p. 466 (1856)= Nora, Schs. (Marthula), P. Z. 8., 1892, p. 341. Pleione, Schs. (Marthula), P. Z. 8., 1892, p. 341. Antiopha, gen. nov. Male antennz very long, serrate with long tufts of hairs, Palpi upturned ; third joint very minute. Thorax hairy below. Legs smooth. Primaries short and broad, convex at apex and middle of. outer margin; areole long ; vein 6 from near angle of cell ; 7, 8 and 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. A. multelinea. Multilinea, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 3 Q. Collaris, Schs., sp. nov. Antiopha multilinea, sp. nov. Body brown above, below greyish ; the collar somewhat reddish. Primaries dark lilacine and grey; the veins and intervenal streaks dark reddish-brown ; a few minute yellow specks about apex, on median and submedian veins ; a terminal row of small yellow spots inwardly shaded with reddish-brown. Secondaries brown, paler at the base and with the fringe white. Expanse 32 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO; Castro, Brazil. Antiopha collaris, sp. nov. Palpi, head and collar dark velvety-brown. Patagize fawn-colour. Primaries whitish along inner margin and to vein 4, speckled with reddish-brown; otherwise heavily shaded with reddish-brown, showing traces of an inner and outer pale line more heavily shaded 276 Mr. W. Schaus’s with brown on either side; some terminal, lunular, brown spots on pale portion of wing. Secondaries whitish, outwardly shaded with reddish-brown. Expanse 38 m.m, Hab. CASTRO, Parana. ERAGISA. | Hragisa, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xv, p. 1656 (1858). Antenne fasciculate. Palpiascending, thickly scaled ; third joint minute. Fore legs very hairy. Primaries : outer margin rounded ; vein 5 from about middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7, 8,10 fromend of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell ; base below thickly scaled. Type. H. lanifera, Walk. Lanifera, Walk., 1. ¢., 1657 (1858). CRINODES. Crinodes, H. 8. Ausser.-EKurop. Schmett., 1, p. 11 (1855). Astylis, Boisd., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xv, p. 94 (1872). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi not extending beyond frons, thickly scaled, smooth ; third joint short. Head with small conical tuft. High thoracic tuft. Anal tuft of spatulate scales. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 slightly apart ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. C. bellatrix, Stoll. Bellatrix, Stoll., Pap. Exot., iv, t. 305, E. (1781). Besckei, Hiibn. (Crino), Samml. Ex. Schmett., 11. (1824) = Abscondens, Druce (nec Walker), Biol. Centr. Amer., lie t. mClk, f. ie Dissimilis, Grote (Crino), Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., iii, p. 183 (1870). Ritseme, Butl., Ann. Nat. Hist. (5) ii, p. 172 (1878). Guatemalena, Druce, Biol Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 246, t, 2b, ie Gissy). Striolata, Schs., sp. nov. Nebulosa, Schs., sp. nov. Revision of the American Notodontide. 277 Crinodes striolata. Head and thorax violaceous-brown. Body pale brown. Primaries brown irrorated with dark velvety striae, especially in the median space and beyond the cell ; the median space on inner margin nearly black; the base and basal third of costa lighter brown, limited by a light brown line outwardly oblique from inner margin near the base to subcostal vein, where it forms two long dentations on costal margin to near the middle of wing; these dentations made more distinct by a blackish line; a dark transverse discal streak ; a faint dark shade representing the outer line ; the outer margin shaded with violaceous-grey ; subterminal dark points most conspicuous above vein 5 ; a terminal dark line ; fringe basally light brown, outwardly dark brown. Secondaries lighter brown ; a broad subterminal darker shade. Expanse 76 m.m. Hab. PERNAMBUCO, Brazil. Crinodes nebulosa. Head dark grey. Thorax posteriorly dark velvety-brown; the patagiz and collar grey. Abdomen ochreous dorsally ; some greyish hairs at base and laterally ; anal tuft brown. Primaries dark grey ; a discal streak preceded by some lighter grey scales; some paler grey scales at base and along inner margin ; a darker shade beyond the cell, divided by the outer line, which is broad, light grey, slightly curved inwardly below vein 6 ; a terminal lunular pale grey line. Secondaries pale brown at base shading to dark brown on outer margin ; some grey scales at anal angle; fringe buff above vein 3, dark grey below it. Expanse 59 m.m. Hab. TUCUMAN. Poresta, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi porrect, nearly smooth ; third joint long. A large frontal tuft. Primaries broad; costal margin straight ; apex acute; outer margin straight, well rounded at inner angle ; vein 6 from areole near cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Second- aries : outer margin rounded, slightly obtuse towards anal angle ; veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. P. lanassa, Druce. Lanassa, Druce (Edema), P. Z.8., 1890, p. 509; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xe, f. 9. Thermesia, Feld. (Nystalea), Reise Nov., t. xevii, f. 9 (1874). 278 Mr. W. Schaus’s LEPASTA. Lepasta, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxv u1, p. 694 (1877). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi-long ; second joint extending beyond frons ; third joint almost as long as second. Head with raised tuft. Primaries : vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8,10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked. | Type of genus. L. bractea, Feld. Bractea, Feld. (Nystalea), Reise Nov., t. xevii, f. 3 (1874). Grammodes, Feld. (Nystalea), l.c., f. 1. Conspicua, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 71. Misia, Moschl., |. c., xxxii, p. 349, t. 18, f. 37 (1883). LIngnistriata, Schs., sp. nov. Calophasioides, Kaye (Nystalea), Trans. Ent. Soc. 1901, p. 137, pl. v. f. 2. In this species vein 6 is from areole near angle of cell; it may be the same as Mixta, Moschl. Lepasta lignistriata, sp. nov. Head and thorax dark brown. Abdomen light brown. Primaries greyish speckled with brown, especially along the costa, making it much darker ; numerous darker streaks between the veins ; a terminal row of black points ; a black and grey spot on costa near base ; 4 small white spots on costa towards apex. Secondaries reddish-brown, paler towards base. — Expanse 33 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. Tachuda, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi hairy upturned, third joint small. Legs hairy, the spines on hind tibia rather prominent. Primaries long, narrow, almost as broad at base as at outer margin, the latter margin slightly convex ; the inner margin hairy at the base ; veins 3 and 4 well apart; 6 from just beyond upper angle; a short accessory cell, with 7, 8, 10 from its extremity, 9 stalked with 8. Secondaries with 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. 7. albosigma, Druce. Albosigma, Druce (Lochmeeus), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 236 (1887) ; ii, ‘T. 90, £ 17. Revision of the American Notodontide. 279 This species is widely spread and varies considerably ; Brazilian and Trinidad specimens are usually paler with the markings more defined. CONTREBIA. Contrebia, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M., ix, p. 134 (1856). Antennee fasciculate. Palpi porrect, third joint long. Primaries long ; apex acute, slightly falecate ; vein 5 from above centre of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7 and 8 from end of areole ; 10 from just before end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4, also 6 and 7 stalked. Type. C. extrema, Walk. Extrema, Walk., |. c. (1856). HYPARPAX. Hyparpax, Hiibn., Samml. Exot. Schmett., 1. (1824). Sangata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xx, p. 265 (1860). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi: third joint short. Primaries : vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; 6 from areole usually near upper angle of cell; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. H. aurora, Sm. and Abb. Aurora, Sm. and Abb. (Phalena), Lep. Georg., 1, t. 87 (A792) = Rosea, Walk. (Sangata), lc. xx, p. 265 (1860) = Venusta, Walk. (Dryocampa), l.c., xxxu, p. 574 (1865). Perophoroides, Strecker (Cosmia), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1876), p. 152 = Awrostriata, Graef. (Hypar- pax), Hut. Amer., iv, p. 58 (1888). Venus, Neum., Can. Ent., xxiv, p. 226 (1892). Kalkoma, gen. nov. Antenne with short pectinations to tips. Palpi porrect ; third joint smooth. Legs thinly haired. Primaries long ; apex and outer margin well rounded; areole long, very narrow ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole near cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. Kalkoma alba, Druce, 280 Mr. W. Schaus’s Alba, Druce (Symmerista), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., li, p. 460, t. xci, f. 3 (1898). Pylaon, Druce (Heterocampa (?)), Le, 1, p. 459, t. xei, f.i (1898). I have not examined this species, and place it here with doubt. DIDUGUA. Didugua, Druce, Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 483 (1891). Antenne pectinated, but not to tips. Palpi very long ; third joint almost as long as second, smooth. Head with high crest. Primaries : outer margin broad, rounded ; vein 5 from above centre of dis- cocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. D. argentilinea, Druce. Argentilinea, Druce. |. ¢., 4838, t. xl, f. 13 (1891). Leona, Druce (Heterocampa ?), l.c., 11, p. 459, t. xci, f. 6 (1898). DASYLOPHIA. Dasylophia, Packard, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., i, p. 362 (1864). Antenne pectinated but not to tips. Palpi: third joint short. Head with tuft. Primaries: vein 5 from about the centre of dis- cocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell or from areole close to cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. D. anguina, Sm. and Abb. Anguina, Sm. and Abb. (Phalena), Lep. Georg., 11, t. 84 (1797), = Cucullifera, H. 8. (Drymonia), Ausser.- Kurop., Schmett., i, f. 381 (1855) = Punctata, Walk. (Heterocampa), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxii, p. 420 = Cana, Walk. (Edema), Char. Lep. Het., p. 17 (1869). Thyatiroides, Walk. (Heterocampa), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1862, p. 79 = Interna, Pack. (Dasylophia), 1. c., p. 363 (1864) = Tripartita, Walk. (Heterocampa), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxu, p. 419 (1865) = Signata, Walk. (Xylina), l.c., xxxili, p. 121 (1865). Xylinata, Walk. (Nystalea), l.c., xxxiii, p. 759 (1865) = Pythia, Druce (Notodonta ?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xii, p. 356 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., ii, t. 90517. Revision of the American Notodontide. 281 Terrena, Schs. (Oedemasia), P. Z 8. 1892, p. 331 = Dares, Druce (Notodonta), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), xin, p. 356 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het, me t.90, f. 6. Lignicolor, Méschl. (Dasylophia?), Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges., Wien, xxvii, p. 687, t. 10, f£.46 (1877) = Hxusta, Butl. (Tifama), ene Ent. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 68, t. 3, f. 10. Maxtla, Schs. (Oedemasia), |. ¢., p. 331. Guarana, Schs. (Oedemasia), |. c., p. 331. Inea, Schs. (Oedemasia,) |. c., p. 382. Seriata, Druce (Oedemasia), |. c., 1, p. 235, t. 20, f. 1 (1887) = Melanopa, Barnes, Can. Ent., 1901, p. 54. Lupia, Druce (Heterocampa), |. c., 1, p. 238 (1887). Poecila, Feld. (Nycterotis), Reise Nov., t. 97, f. 20 (1874) = Fulgens, Druce (Symmerista), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Elist.-(7), Vv, vu, p. #5 (1901). Mocosa, Dogn. (Oedemasia), Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxix, p. 107 (1895). Saturata, Barnes, Can. Ent., 1901, p. 53. Lucia, Schs., sp. nov. Abbreviata, Schs., sp. nov. Jaliscana, Schs., sp. nov. Grenadensis, Schs., sp nov. Franzna, Schs., sp. nov. Dasylophia lucia, sp. nov. ¢. Antenne deeply pectinated for 2ths of length. Body fawn- colour. Primaries fawn-colour ; some darker shadings and black specks along costa, inner margin, and outer portion of veins; a terminal row of blackish dashes preceded by some similar dark brown marks; an indistinct outer line, marked and followed by brown spots near the inner margin. Secondaries white with a terminal brown shade. 2. Greyer, the patagiz nearly white, inwardly edged with brown and with a black line ; a large oval white spot at base below median vein ; the markings otherwise a little more defined than in the male. Secondaries as in the ¢. Expanse ¢ 34m.m.; 2 47 m.m. Hab. St. Lucia, B. W. I. Dasylophia abbreviata, sp. nov. Head and thorax greyish fawn-colour ; the posterior tufts on thorax violaceous-brown. Primaries fawn-colour, thickly shaded 282 Mr. W. Schaus’s with brown and olivaceous-green ; a distinct inner and outer wavy white line ; the inner margin darkest ; a cluster of black scales on outer margin above vein 2, and a darker shade between veins 3 and 4; a black spot in the cell. Secondaries yellowish white in the ¢, brown in the @ with a transverse paler median shade. The wings are proportionately shorter and broader than in the other species of Dasylophia. Expanse ¢ 32m.m.; 2 40 m.m. Hab. CASTRO, Parana. Dasylophia jaliscana, sp. nov. ¢. Antenne pectinated to near tips. Head dark grey; thorax dorsally almost black. Primaries grey speckled with white, the veins black ; a black transverse line at end of cell ; two geminate black transverse lines filled in with paler grey; the inner line almost straight from costa to median at vein 2, then curved in to submedian and then outwardly oblique to inner margin ; the outer line slightly wavy and nearly straight from costa to anal angle; a subterminal irregular brownish shade, followed by black spots between veins 2-4, and a terminal black line; fringe pale with central greyish shade. The @ has the basal and outer portion of wing shaded with reddish- brown, and the outer geminate line is of the same colour. Second- aries in both sexes whitish at the base, brownish on the outer half with a terminal dark line and paler fringe. Expanse ¢ 31 m.m.; 2 33 m.m. Hab. GUADALAJARA, Mexico. Dasylophia grenadensis, sp. Nov. Q. Palpi and head fawn-colour, thorax and abdomen slightly darker. Primaries dark fawn-colour, the outer portion of the veins streaked and speckled with black, and long dark streaks between veins 4-6; a small dark streak and spot in the cell, followed by a dark reddish-brown shade not quite reaching the inner margin; a broad terminal dark shade not extending above vein 7; a terminal row of dark spots between the veins, most distinct at apex. Second- aries smoky, the base and disc whitish, the veins black. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. GRENADA, B. W. I. Dasylophia franzina, sp. nov. Body light brown ; a transverse black line on collar; a black line on patagiz towards dorsum. Primaries light brown; the Revision of the American Notodontide. 283 costa and ashade above submedian from base to anal angle violaceous- grey; some blackish specks along subcostal and terminal veins ; a dark brown shade near base below the submedian ; an interrupted dark brown streak in the cell, and an oblique brown shade from cell to outer line above submedian ; the outer line is broad, whitish, and shaded on either side with patches of dark brown scales ; some terminal whitish dashes between veins 4 and 7; fringe brown spotted with black at tips of veins. Secondaries brown the fringe fawn-colour. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. Sio PAuvto, Brazil. Parigia, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated on basal two-thirds. Palpi extending beyond frons, hairy ; third joint minute. Primaries ; outer margin rounded, oblique ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ;.6 from upper angle of cell; areole very long and narrow ; 7 and 8 from end of areole ; 10 from before end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at end of cell. Type. /. sagana, Druce. Sagana, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xiii, p. 857 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het. tt OO f. 2a. Montana, Druce (Heterocampa), l. c., 1, p. 457, t. 90, f. 19 (1898). Gamarra, Dogn. (Heterocampa), Le Naturaliste, 1890, p. 128; Lep. de Loja, p. 56, pl. 5, fi 5. Mina, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 515 (1900). Pallida, Schs. (Lophodonta ?), P. Z. 8., 1894, p. 242. Musara, Schs., sp. nov. Vecina, Schs., sp. nov. Hydriana, Schs., sp. nov. Farigia musara, sp. nov. Head and thorax light grey. Abdomen light reddish-brown. Primaries grey, shaded with brown on the outer and inner margins, and tinged with pink in the disk ; a fine angular brown line at the base; the inner line geminate, interrupted, and very irregular, dark brown filled in with light greenish scales; the outer line better defined and forming a more regular curve, geminate, blackish, filled in with greenish-yellow scales ; this line is outwardly broadly 284 Mr. W. Schaus’s shaded with green, except between veins 4 to 6 ; an angular terminal dark line. Fringe brown spotted with fawn-colour : secondaries brown. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. Castro, Parana. Farigia vecina, sp. nov. Head and thorax mottled grey and brown hairs. Alglomen brown. Primaries dark brown speckled with greyish ; the basal third of the costa and the apex broadly more greyish ; the inner line dark brown, indistinct, more or less shaded with green scales; outer line very dark brown, intercepted by the veins and forming a large outward curve, shaded on either side with green scales ; the outer margin speckled with green ; a subterminal angular dark line. Secondaries brown ; the fringe partly greyish. Expanse 9 48 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico. Farigia hydriana, sp. nov. Head and thorax mottled dark brown and grey. Abdomen reddish-brown, darkest subdorsally. Primaries greyish-brown, darkest on the inner margin ; at the base of the costa some light green scales; a brown discal spot; between the median and submedian veins a dark brown shade from the base to the subter- minal line, which is wavy and also dark brown. Secondaries brown ; the fringe partly grey. Expanse ¢ 39m.m.; 9 47 m.m. Hab. JALAPA, Mexico; ARoa, Venezuela. PSEUDODRYAS. Pscudodryas, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 685 (1878). Female antenne pectinated on basal two-thirds. Palpi upturned, hairy ; the third joint small. Primaries narrow ; apex rounded ; outer margin rounded, oblique; vein 5 from above middle of disco- cellular ; 6 from areole, nearer cell ; areole long and narrow ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 close to 7 on basal third of cell. Type. P. olivacea, Moschl. Olivacea, Moschl., 1. c., p. 685, t. x, f. 43 (1878). fievision of the American Notodontide. 285 Hustema, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated for four-fifths of their length. Palpi porrect, short. Legs moderately hairy. Wings long, fairly broad. Primaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : vein 8 close to 7 to end of cell; 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. Lustema dara, Druce. Dara, Druce (Stilpnotia ?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xi, p. 355 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11 (Notodonta), p. 463, t. xcii, ft 1. TECMESSA. Tecmessa, Burm., Desc. Rep. Arg., v, p. 504 (1882). Antenne with short basal pectinations in the male, serrate in the female. Palpi short, hairy, not extending beyond frons. Tibia with long hairs ; tarsi smooth, Primaries fairly broad; the costal and inner margins straight ; the outer margin rounded ; vein 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7, 8, 10 from end of long areole. Secondaries broad ; the costal margin rounded ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type of Genus. 7’. annulipes, Berg. Annulipes, Berg. (Thosea), Ann. Soc. Arg., v, p. 186 (1878) = Phyllis, Druce (Cerura), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 517 (1900). Hlegans, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 4. Tecmessa elegans, sp. nov. Head and thorax white, posteriorly on the latter a large black spot. Abdomen grey above, white below. Primaries dull greyish- white ; basal and inner fine geminate black transverse lines, angled at margins and forming two outward curves between ; a fine gemi- nate outer line, irregular and forming inward curves between the veins, preceded and followed on the costa by some black markings, and followed at the inner angle by a large black spot ; some smaller subterminal black spots. Secondaries white, with a broad terminal smoky band and a large blackish spot at the anal angle; fringe white. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab, Castro, Parana. 286 Mr. W. Schaus’s Psorocampa, gen. nov. Antennee pectinated for two-thirds of their length, then finely ser- rate to tips. Palpi porrect, hardly extending beyond head ; third joint very minute. Legs hairy. Primaries broad, the costa straight, outer margin slightly rounded, inner margin bulging somewhat to- wards base ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; vein 6 from upper angle of cell; vein 10 anostomosing with 8 to form long areole ; vein 7 from end of areole; 9 stalked with 8. Secondaries with the costal and inner margin straight, the outer margin evenly rounded ; veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. P. denticulata, Schs. Denticulata, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 5. Psorocampa denticulata, sp. nov. Body light grey. Primaries light grey with two transverse dentate black lines outwardly shaded with fawn-colour scales ; the inner line very oblique from costa to middle of inner margin ; the outer line subterminal ; a small black spot on costa beyond cell. Secondaries varying from pure white to dark slaty-grey. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. Castro, Parana. HIpPIA. Hippia, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 693 (1878). Hlasmia, Moschl., Abhandl. Senckenb. Ges., xiv, p. 36 (1886). Harma, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xin, p. 1105 (1857). Antenne fasciculate in the g,simple in the 9. Palpi: third joint long. Primaries: costa slightly convex ; apex acute; outer margin broad, rounded ; vein 6 from end of areole ; 7-10 stalked, Secondaries broad ; veins 3 and 4, also 6 and 7 from a point or slightly stalked. Type. Hippia mumetes, Cr. Mumetes, Cr. (Tortrix), Pap. Exot. i. t., 82, A. (1775). Pulchra, Butl. (Hdema), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 64, t. 3, £4 Insularis, Grote (Edema), Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad., vi, p. 321 (1867) = Lignosa, Moschl. (Elasmia), |. c., fig. 30 Revision of the American Notodontide. 287 (1886) = Mandela, Druce (Edema), Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 235, t. 25, fig. 3 (1887). Astuta, Sch. (Edema), P. Z. S., 1894, p. 242 = Anica, Druce (Edema), Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., p. 455, t. xe, fig. 13 (1898). Matheis, Sch. (Edema), P. Z. 8., 1892, p. 332. Vitiipalpis, Walk. (Harma), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xii, p. 1106 (1857). This is possibly the same as H. wmsularis, Grote, and synonyms ; it is very similar, but greyer in tone. If iden- ical Vittipalpis would have priority. Talae, Berg. (Hyboma), An. Soc. Arg., v, p. 184 (1878), probably belongs to this genus; the species is un- _known to me. ‘Harma, the oldest name for the genus is preoccupied. Packardi, Morr. (Edema), An. Lyc. Nat. Hist., N. Y., xi, p. 92 (1875). SYMMERISTA. Symmerista, Hiibn., Verz. Vek. Schmett., p. 248 (1818). Edema, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1028 (1855). Male antennz shortly pectinated on basal two-thirds. Palpi: second joint extending beyond frons ; third joint short. Primaries broad ; vein 5 from above centre of discocellular ; 6 from end of areole ; 7-10 stalked. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. S. albifrons, Sm. and Abb. Albifrons, Sm. and Abb. (Phalzena), Lep. Ins. Georg., 11, t. 8 (1797) = Albicosta, Hiibn. (Noctua), Hur. Schmett. Noct., f. 440 (1804?) = Albif/rons, Walk. (Edema), 1. c. 1029 (1855). Tlotzin, Schs. (Kdema), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 332; Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., u1, t. xe, f. 15. Suavis, Barnes (Edema), Can. Ent., 1901, p. 53. ARHACIA, Arhacia, H. 8., Ausser.-Europ. Schmett., 1, p. 11 (1855). Anodonta, H. oH lc, p. (3'(1856), Male antennz deeply pectinated to near tips ; simple in the female. Palpi slight, not extending beyond frons; second joint long, third 288 Mr. W. Schaus’s short. Primaries long, narrow, the inner angle rounded; vein 5 from centre of discocellular ; areole long ; 6 from near end of areole ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 10 from before end of areole, Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. A. combusta, H. 8. Combusta, H.8., l.c., p. 11, ff. 81, 82 (1854) = Fascis, Schs. (Anodonta), Ent. Amer., vi, p. 47 (1890). CERURA. Cerura, Schrank., Fauna Boica, 11, 155 (1802). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi small. Primaries broad ; vein 6 from end of areole; 7 and 8 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. C. furcula, Schr., from Europe. Scitiscripta, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. B. M. xxxii, p. 408 (1865). Multiscripta, Riley, Trans. Acad. St. Louis, 11, p. 241 (1875). Occidentalis, Lintmer, Rep. Mus. N. Y., xxx, p. 194 (1878). Rarata, Walk., |. ¢., xxxu, p. 409 (1865) ; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. 91, f. 7 (1898). Platea, Schs. (Dicranura), Ent. Amer., vi, p. 46 (1890). Dandon, Druce (Harpyia), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), xiii, p. 358 (1894); Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., ii, t. Annulifera, Berg. (Harpyia), Ann. Soc. Argent., v, p. 183 (1878), Argynnis, Schs., sp. nov. ftivera, Schs., sp. nov. Grandis, Schs., sp. nov. Cerura argynnis, sp. Nov. Head black, frontal tuft creamy-yellow. Collar white with a dorsal transverse black shade. Thorax white; three large black spots ante- riorly, a central black spot, and a black line posteriorly. Abdomen black dorsally, otherwise white ; anal tuft white, with a black trans- verse line. Primaries silvery white ; sub-basal and basal interrupted black lines, followed by a black ring on the inner margin, one in the cell, contiguous to another on the costal margin, these black rings filled in with greenish-yellow ; a median interrupted black line Revision of the American Notodontide. 289 followed by a very angular and more heavily marked complete line ; two outer angular and irregular black lines somewhat suffused to- wards the apex, where there is some greenish-yellow between the lines ; a terminal row of black spots. Secondaries and fringe white in the ¢ with a black point at the anal angle; in the @ dark smoky grey, with the fringe white spotted with black. Expanse ¢ 3lim.m.; 9 33 mm. Hab, CASTRO, Parana. Cerura rivera, sp. Nov. Allied and very similar to Cerwra argynnis, Schaus. Larger and the spot on inner margin of primaries containing a black pupil. The ? has the secondaries quite black and the fringe greyish ; there are also black ventral spots on the abdomen. Expanse ¢ 38; 9 40 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO; Castro, Parana. Described from 2 f f and 2 @ Q. Cerura grandis, sp. nov. Head black, frontal tuft yellow. Collar black. Thorax creamy- white with two black spots posteriorly. Primaries white shaded with silky-brown from the cell outwards and also between the median and submedian veins; a large black, basal, costal spot, followed by a narrow angular black line slightly interrupted ; a large oblique black spot from the costa to median vein, and a smaller black spot on the inner margin, these followed by a narrow angular interrupted black line ; a very irregular median black line, and two outer black lines, the one nearest the margin broadening into black patches at the inner angle, below vein 4, and from above vein 5 to the apex ; a terminal row of elongated black spots. Second- aries brown with a terminal row of white spots and two curved black marks on the inner margin above the angle. Expanse 55 m.m. Hab. PERUVIAN AMAZONS. Betola, gen. nov. Antenne p ctinated for two-thirds of their length. Palpi porrect, third joint small. A high frontal tuft. Abdomen stout, long ; anal tuft long, bifurcate. Primaries broad at the outer margin, slightly dentate ; small areole from before end of cell ; 6 from end of areole. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 20 290 Mr. W. Schaus’s 7, 8, 9 stalked; 10 from end of areole; 3 and 4 from a point. Secondaries : veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 3 and 4 from a point ; 8 close to 7 to near the end of cell. Type. B. aroata, Schs. Aroata, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 6. Betola aroata, sp. nov. Head and thorax brown, mottled with green and violaceous scales. Primaries violaceous-brown ; a long olive-green spot above the sub- median ata third from the base; a large olive green space from below and beyond the cell to the outer margin, this space divided by the outer line which isirregular, wavy, pale fawn-colour ; a broad white dash on the outer margin between veins 4 and 6-; some black scales at the base of the inner margin, a large cluster in the cell, and two small clusters between veins 2 and 3 on the outer margin. The shadings are rather mottled and streaky. Secondaries white; the margins narrowly brown ; the fringe white. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. ARoa, Venezuela. LIRIMIRIS. Inrimiris, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxu, p. 468 (1865). Antenne pectinated, but not to tips. Palpi not extending beyond frons. Primaries long and narrow ; above vein 4, outer margin rounded or truncated, below 4 very oblique ; 6 from end of areole ; 7 and 8 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type of Genus. L. lignitecta, Walk. Lignitecta, Walk, 1. c., p. 469 (1865) = Argentifera, Druce, (Tifama), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) iv, p. 92 (1889), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., u1, t. xci, f. 20. Truncata, H.8. (Notodonta), Ausser.-Europ. Schmett., i, f. 494 (1856). GopHA. Gopha, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) i, p. 81 (1862). Antenne shortly pectinate in the male on basal two-thirds, serrate- fasciculate in the female, Palpi extending beyond the frons ; second joint long, third short. Primaries broad ; the apex acute ; Revision of the American Notodontide. 291 outer margin straight ; the inner angle rounded ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from end of areole; 7 and 8 stalked Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type of Genus. G. mixtipennis, Walk. Mixtipennis, Walk., 1. c. (1862), t. xi, f. 7. Albipuncta, Schs., sp. nov. Gopha albipuncta, sp. nov. Head and thorax reddish fawn-colour, shaded with brown scales ; patagiz greyish. Abdomen greyish-brown. Primaries brown mottled with grey and green, especially in cell and at apex. A geminate wavy inner line, dark brown, nearer the base on inner margin than on costa ; a large silvery-white spot at end of cell prolonged on vein 6 ; a terminal row of greenish spots, inwardly shaded with black. Secondaries dark brown, the fringe paler. Expanse 34 m.m. Hab. SAo PavLo, 8S. E. Brazil. Naduna, gen. nov. 2. Antenne simple. Palpi upturned ; third joint small. Legs smooth. Abdomen longand slender. Primaries long and narrow ; costa slightly convex ; outer margin convex below apex and oblique to inner angle ; veins 3 and 4 near together ; 5 from a little below upper angle ; a long narrow accessory cell ; 6 from near its extremity ; 7, 8,10 from the end of it. Secondaries with 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. 1V. lignea, Schs. Lngnea, Schs., sp. nov. t. xi, f. 8. Naduna lignea, sp. nov. Head and collar light reddish-brown; thorax darker brown. Abdomen dull brown above, whitish underneath. Primaries brown, the inner margin and apical half of costa darker ; the basal half of costa and median space shaded with greenish-grey ; a pale reddish- brown streak from cell to outer margin ; a median geminate brown line most distinct where crossing the cell ; a minute white point at the end of the cell surmounted by a brown line; an outer row of geminate black points; a terminal row of black points, and three rather larger subterminal black spots near costa, inner angle, and 292 Mr. W. Schaus’s middle of outer margin. Secondaries brown, the fringe somewhat testaceous. Expanse 37 m.m. Hab. SKo Pauto, S. E. Brazil. Pauluma, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated for two-thirds of their length, the pectinations inwardly covered with fine white hairs. Palpi upturned, third joint small. Legs hairy, especially anterior pair. Body conical hardly extending beyond secondaries. Primaries moderately broad ; the apex well rounded ; the outer margin oblique; the inner angle slightly rounded : vein 5 from well above middle of discocellular ; a long accessory cell ; vein 6 from near the end of it ; 7, 8,10 from end of accessory cell. Secondaries with the angles well rounded ; 6 and 7 on short stalk, 8 approaching 7 about middle of cell and then widely diverging. 7 Type. P. nubila, Schs. Nubila, Schs., sp. nov. t. xi, f. 9. Minna, Sch., sp. nov. Pauluma nubila, sp. nov. * * Head and thorax greyish fawn-colour, the latter violaceous-brown posteriorily. Abdomen brown above with a paler subdorsal tuft at the base. Primaries creamy fawn-colour ; the inner margin broadly violaceous, with a large circular brown line at the base, connected with the costa by an oblique brown shade; apical third of costa finely violaceous ; a light brown streak below this portion ; a fine terminal brown line ; some pale brown shadings from the base to the apex and outer margin ; some fine subapical dark streaks ; an oblique dark shade above the innerangle ; the fringe light grey divided by a brown line, Secondaries white ; a fine terminal light brown line and some dark scales about the anal angle. . Expanse 34 m.m. Hab, Castro, Parana. Pauluma minna, sp. nov. Head and thorax mottled fawn-colour and reddish-brown scales. Primaries ight brown streaked along and below the costa with fawn- colour ; a dark fine terminal line, inwardly shaded with fawn- colour ; some darker apical shadings, and two dark streaks between veins 4-6 ; a curved dark brown shade from below cell to centre of Revision of the American Notodontide. 293 outer margin ; traces of an outer lunular line; a darker brown shade from the base to end of cell. Secondaries white; the outer margin finely dark brown ; the costal and inner margins brownish, the latter shading to darker brown at the angle. Expanse 30 m.m. Hab. Sio Pauto, 8. E. Brazil. Drugera, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi upturned ; second joint long ; third joint short. Fore legs very hairy ; mid and hind tibia tufted. Primaries broad ; outer margin rounded ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole ; 8-10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. D. morona, Druce. Morona, Druce (Edema), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, p. 455, t. 90, f. 14 (1898). Hardingia, gen. nov. Antenne with woolly pectinations on basal two-thirds. Palpi hairy ; second joint long; third joint very short. Legs hairy. Primaries : outer margin rounded, oblique ; areole from end of cell ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from centre of areole ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type of Genus. H. robert, Schs. Roberti, Schs., sp. nov. t. xi, f. 10. Mechanica, Doguin. (Lirimiris), Le Nat., 1892, p. 169, Lep. de Loja., pl. 9, f. 18. Hardingia roberti, sp. nov. Head and thorax greenish-ochreous, streaked with dark hairs. Abdomen brown. Primaries ochreous-buff, mottled with grey at base and below vein 2; a small grey blotch between veins 3 and 4, and a larger similar spot from 4-7 ; a reddish-brown shade at the end of the cell ; some black scales at base below the median vein ; traces of a wavy, geminate inner and outer black line ; a terminal dark line interrupted by the veins; fringe spotted with grey at veins. Secondaries brownish ; a darker terminal line ; a paler transverse shade from the costa near apex to the anal angle. Expanse 38 m.m. Hab, COLOMBIA. 294 Mr. W. Schaus’s Hucerura, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated to tips. Primaries short, broad; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; areole small; 6 from middle of areole; 7, 8,10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. «4 Type. 2. pica, Butl. Pica, Butl. (Drymonia), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (1882), p. 22. Salluca, gen. nov. d. Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi: second joint Jong and hairy ; third joint short and smooth. Primaries broad ; outer margin rounded ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 5 from middle of discocellular : 6 from before centre of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Second-— aries: veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. S. morwma, Schs. Moruma, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 11. Podrida, Dogn. (Heterocampa), Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xh, p- 26 (1897). Pistacina, Schs. sp. nov. Gramina, Schs., sp. nov. Tarupa, Schs., sp. nov. Salluca moruma, sp. nov. Head and thorax moss-green. Abdomen brown above, testaceous below. Primaries moss-green, darkest at the base, and shaded with brown on the inner margin basally ; a basal dark line and streak ; the inner line geminate, dark, partly obsolete, filled in with reddish- brown ; a dark line at the end of the cell, shaded with reddish- brown; the outer line dark, lunular, geminate, filled in with reddish-brown ; some dark subterminal spots shaded with brown, the largest one between veins 3 and 4. Secondaries dark grey, with some testaceous hairs at the base and on the inner margin and traces of a geminate darker line on the costa near the apex and at the anal angle. The fringe on both wings light grey with darker spots at the veins. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico. Salluca gramina, sp. nov. Head and thorax dark green. Abdomen light brown. Primaries olive-green, mottled with black, dark brown and white scales, the Revision of the American Notodontide. 295, dark scales forming indistinct geminate basal, inner, and outer lines ; a subterminal row of dark spots, and an interrupted terminal dark line. Secondaries blackish-brown. Expanse 38 m.m. Hab. Or1zABA, Mexico. Salluca pistacina, sp. Dov. Head and thorax fawn-colour with some blackish lines on collar and patagie. Abdomen light brown above, creamy underneath. Primaries pale green ; a basal white line followed on costa by a large brown patch ; a violaceous brown shade below the median at end of and just beyond the cell; a fawn-colour spot in the cell partly bordered with black scales ; a fine geminate black outer line, indistinct and irregular; an irregular subterminal row of reddish- brown spots partly bordered with black and white scales; a terminal black line; fringe reddish-brown spotted with black at veins. Secondaries smoky-brown, paler at base. Expanse 33 m.m. Hab. HonDURAS. Salluca tarupa, sp. nov. Antenne pectinated to the tips. Head and thorax greenish- brown, mottled with darker scales. Primaries dark greenish-brown ; a large space from cell to apex, white, speckled thickly with light brown scales; a dark line at the end of the cell, outwardly shaded with white, inwardly with brown ; a median, transverse, geminate dark line: an outer geminate line filled in with whitish ; some irregular subterminal black shades; a terminal black line; the veins blackish on the dark portion of the wing. Secondaries smoky- brown, whitish at the base ; the apex whitish preceded on the costa by a greenish-brown spot bordered by two darker lines; veins terminally darker. Expanse 33 m.m. Hab. SAo Pauto, 8. E. Brazil. Skaphita, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated for two-thirds of length, the pectinations densely haired. Palpi reaching vertex, hairy; the third joint minute. Fore legs with large bowl-shaped tufts of long hairs. Primaries long and narrow ; outer margin very oblique ; vein 5 from just above middle of discocellular ; 6 from centre of areole ; 7 and 296 Mr. W. Schaus’s 8 from end of areole; 10 from before end of areole. Secondaries broad ; costal margin convex ; outer margin rounded ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. Skaphita salona, Druce. Salcna, Druce (Phya), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xiii, p- 356 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11 xel, f. 13. DICENTRIA. Dicentria, H. 8., Ausser.-Europ. Schmett., 1, p. 11 (1855). Oligocentria, H.S., l.c., p. 11 (1855). Janassa, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1101 (1855). Xylinodes, Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, 111, 366 (1864). Hatima, Walk., |. ¢., xxxul, p. 450 (1865). Phya, Druce, Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, 242 (1887). 6. Antenne pectinated on basal half or two-thirds, simple in the 9. Palpi barely extending beyond frons ; second joint hairy ; third joint minute. Head slightly tufted. Primaries long and narrow ; outer margin oblique, crenulate ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole; 7 and 8 from end of - areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. D. centralis, H. 8. Centralis, H.8., 1. ¢., f. 383 (1855). Violasceus, H. S. (Oligocentria), d c., f. 885 (1855). Lignicolor, Walk. (Janassa), v; p. 110L-@Ss57= Virgata, Pack. Kolieodes)” lL. Gy p. 367. (13ea Tigingera, Walk. (Exereta), lc, xxxi, p. 423 (1865). Semirufescens, Walk. (Hatima), |. c., xxxii, p. 450 (1865) = Eximia, Grote (Oedemasia), Bull, U.S. Geol. Surv., vi, p. 275 (1881). Perangulata, Hy. Edw. (Oedemasia), Papilio, 11, p. 125 (1882). Of this species I have a $ specimen labelled type but not in Mr. Edwards’ handwriting. This and the preceding species seem to me to be hetter placed in Dicentria than in Schizura, which forms a more natural group when containing those species with broader and more rounded wings. Coloradensis, Hy. Edw. (Janassa), Ent. Amer., i, p. 17 (1885). Laciuntosa, Hy. Edw. (Janassa), Lc, p. 129 (1885)= Phraortes, Druce (Dicentria), Ann. and Mag, Nat. Hist. Revision of the American Notodontide. 207 (6), iv, p. 93 (1889); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p- 463 (Phya), t. xci, ff. 11, 12. Dela, Druce (Phya), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), x1, pesos (1894); B.C. A.) un, t xl; 1. 15. Sabella, Druce (Nystalea), 9 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), ma, p. oo9 (1804); BCA, t. wet, f 2,2. Dhe: J, fig. 6 on same plate is a true Nystalea. Psamathe, Schs. (Phya), P: Z.8., 1892, p. 339. Peruda, Druce (Blera), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), p. 78, (1901). Iimta, Schs., sp. nov. Disparilis, Schs., sp. nov. Deentria linita, sp. nov. ¢. Head and thorax violaceous-brown ; the patagiee with hoary scales. Abdomen brown above, testaceous below. Primaries dark fawn-colour tinged with lilacine on the costa, greenish on the inner margin, and greyish on the outer margin ; somewhat mottled with olivaceous scales; a fine dark brown streak at the base, and a darker spot below it on the inner margin ; the inner line geminate, - Junular, indistinct, brownish especially below the median vein ; the outer line also geminate, wavy, olivaceous ; at the end of the cella velvety black semilunular line, with a short fine black streak extending from its centre, and partly filled in with olivaceous, beyond which is a paler space to the outer line ; some dark streaks at the apex and about the inner angle. Secondaries grey, yellowish towards the base and along the inner margin ; a dark spot at the angle. @. Head and thorax grey, the latter bordered with reddish- brown posteriorly. Abdomen light brown. Primaries grey, the veins blackish speckled with white and reddish-brown ; a fine black streak at the base below the median vein, and a velvety black lunular line at the end of the cell; lines hardly visible, forming reddish-brown shades ; a subterminal row of reddish-brown streaks between the veins, fringe reddish-brown mottled with black and white. Secondaries whitish ; the veins dark ; a dark shade at the anal angle. Expanse ¢ 37 m.m.; 9 43 m.m. Hab. JALAPA, Mexico. Dicentria disparilis, sp. nov. dg. Pale fawn-colour tinged with violaceous along the costa and inner margin ; a broad brown shade from the base below the cell 298 Mr. W. Schaus’s and a similar shade from the cell to the outer margin between veins 4and 5; a black point at the end of the cell ; the veins with dark brown streaks ; indistinct traces of geminate inner and outer lines ; some dark streaks at the apex, and about the inner angle ; a terminal row of black points. Secondaries white; the tips of the veins faintly darker. Q. Pale violaceous brown, somewhat darker along the inner margin ; the costal margin tinged with greenish ; a black point at the end of the cell ; the transverse lines very wavy and indistinct, greenish ; a dark brownish spot at the base of the wings; a dark streak at the apex, and two above the inner angle, the latter outwardly shaded with white. Secondaries smoky-brown. Expanse ¢ 33 m.m.; 9 35 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico, Dicentria laciniosa, Edw. Larva. Length 12 inches. Head prominent, slightly conical, white with black markings. First segment small, then increasing to 6, 7, 8, which are large, the 9th and 10th are smaller, and the 11th again larger. General ground-colour yellow, with numerous black streaks and spots, forming two dark dorsal bands on segments 4-9. On seg. 4 is a long bright red subdorsal protuberance, surmounted by two hard black points; on the following four segments and also on the 11th are two dorsal shorter red protuberances, close togéther and likewise with hard black tips ; just beyond these on all the segments is a row of little black tubercles, and two Jateral rows of the same, but very small ; laterally segments 7, 8, 9 are darker. Abdominal legs and laterally above prolegs bright red. Prolegs and anal claspers black. Underneath a broad yellow band on segments 4, 5, 10, 11 and 12. Transforms underground in a rough earthen cocoon. Pupa #-¢ inch in length, rather long, dark shining brown. Pupal state lasts about a month. SCHIZURA. Schizwra, Doubl., Entomol., i, 59 (1841). (Hdemasia, Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, i1i, 359 (1864). Coelodasys, Pack., 1. ¢., 111, 363 (1864). Differs chiefly from Dicentria in the broader wings and more rounded outer margins of primaries. Type. S. ipomex, Db. Ipome, Db., |.c., p. 60, f. 8 (1841). Revision of the American Notodontide. 299 Concinna, Sm. and Abb. (Phaleena), Lep. Georg. 11, t. 85 (1797) type of Oedemasia. Unicornis, Sm. and Abb., Lep. Ins. Georg. 1, t. 96 (1797), type of Coelodasys, Pack. Leptinoides, Grote (Coelodasys), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 11, p-. 823 (1864). Apicalis, Grote and Rob. (Coelodasys), Proc. Ent. Soe. Phil. vi, p. 15 (1886). Badia, Pack. (Oedemasia), Proc., Ent. Soc. Phil., 11, p. 361 (1864). For the synonymy of the North American species see Packard’s Monograph of American Bombycine Moths, Part I. The synonomy of Walker’s species is correct, except in the case of semirufescens (Hatima), which is an older name for Eximia, Grote. Pegasis, Schs. (Coelodasys), P. Z. 8. (1892), p. 331. Tizoc, Schs. (Etobesa), 1. c., p. 339. Tonac, Schs. (Coelodasys), 1. c., p. 330. Deba, Druce (Hatima), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xii. p. 358 (1894); Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, p. 454, (Dasylophia) t. xe, f. 10. LITODONTA. Intodonta, Harv., Can. Ent., viii, pp. 5, 109 (1876). Antenne pectinated to near tips. Palpi, short, thin, hairy, not extending beyond frons, Primaries broad, short ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole, Secondaries ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type. L. hydromeli, Harv. Hydromeli, Harv., |. ¢., p. 5 (1876). Nigripuncta, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 12. Intodonta nigrupuncta. Head fawn-colour. Thorax violaceous. Abdomen brown. Pri- maries ; base and outer margin lilacine-grey ; median space dark steel-grey, the costa somewhat paler; two velvety-black spots at base, two at apex and one at inner angle; a round velvety-black spot in cell, preceded by a lilacine-grey shade ; the inner line form- ing three curves, reddish-brown, outwardly shaded with paler brown ; traces of a reddish median shade above inner margin; outer line inwardly lunular between the veins, brown, shaded with paler 300 Mr. W. Schaus’s brown ; the outer margin irrorated with brown, chiefly about the veins; a terminal black wavy line, partly interrupted; fringe dark grey, somewhat paler at base. Secondaries dark brown ; base of fringe blackish. Underneath brown ; an indistinct, dark outer line. Expanse 31 m.m. Hab. CASTRO, Parana. The palpi are slightly more developed than in Z, hydro- melt, Harv. PSILACRON, Psilacron, Feld., Reise Nov., t. 97, f. 22 (1874). Antenne pectinated for two-thirds of length. Palpi porrect ; third joint short. Primaries broad ; the outer margin oblique ; the areole originating well beyond the cell; vein 5 from middle of disco- cellular ; 6 from areole near origin; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. P. luteovirens, Feld. Luteovirens, Feld., 1. ¢. MISOGADA. Misogada, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxu, p. 449 (1865), Antenne pectinated to near tips which are setose. Palpi extend- ing beyond frons in the male, shorter in the female. Primaries : veins 5 from middle of discocellular; 6 from centre of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. JZ. cinerea, Pack. Cinerea, Pack. (Lochmeeus), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iii, p. 372, (1864) = Unicolor, Pack. (Lechmeus), 1. ¢., p. 873 (1864) = Marina, Pack. (Lochmeus), 1. ¢., p. 373 (1864) = Sobria, Walk. (Misogada), l.c., p. 450 (1865). Notoplusia, gen. nov. Antenne with short hairy pectinations for two-thirds of their length. Palpi hairy, reaching vertex, Primaries : costa straight ; outer margin slightly oblique: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 5 from close to upper angle of cell ; 6 from middle of areole; 7,8 and 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 froma point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type, WV. clara, Cr. Clara, Cr., Pap. Exot. iv, t. 311, B. (1782). Revision of the American Not:dontide. 301 Dognina, gen, nov. Antenne pectinated on basal half. Palpi hairy, short, third joint very small. Legs hairy. Primaries slightly convex on costa ; outer margin rounded and oblique ; anal angle bulged out ; inner margin straight ; vein 5 from well above middle of discocellular ; areole long and narrow ; vein 6 from beyond its middle ; 7 and 8 from a point at end of areole; vein 10 from end of areole. Secondaries with the costal margin straight, the apex very obtuse, outer margin slightly rounded ; veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. Dognina veltini, Dognin. Veltini, Dogn. (Lirimiris), Le Naturaliste, p. 128 (1890), Lep. de Loja, pl. 5, f 6. ICHTHYOSOMA. Ichthyosoma, Feld., Reise Nov., t. 97, f. 17 (1874). Antenne pectinated on basal two-thirds. Palpi not extending beyond frons; third joint minute. Legs hairy.- Primaries long and narrow ; costal margin convex on outer half ; apex very acute ; outer margin very oblique; veins 3 and 4 apart; 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries short and broad; costal margin convex ; outer margin rounded; veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 from a point or on short stalk ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. J. tigniferum, Feld. Tigniferum, Feld., 1. ¢. Cassiope, Schs., P. Z.S., 1892, p. 341 = Phronima, Druce. (Notodonta ?) Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 1, p. 210 (1898). HETEROCAMPA. Heterocampa, Doubl., Ent., 1. ¢., 55 (1841). Lochmeus, Doubl., |. c., p. 57 (1841). Tadana, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 990 (1855). Cecrita, Walk., 1. c., p. 992 (1855). Luca, Walk., Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1, p. 256 (1862). tobesa, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxii, p. 471 (1865). Trichotis, Feld., Reise Nov., t. 97, f. 19 (1874). Sevrodonta, Grote, List. Lep. N. A., p. 19 (1882). Antennz pectinated but not to tips. Palpi short, hairy, hardly extending beyond frons. Primaries: vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole, which is long ; 7, 8, 10 from 302 Mr. W. Schaus’s end of areole. Secondaries : apex rounded ; veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at about middle of cell ; base of secondaries below not very hairy. Type. H. astarte, Doubl. Astarte, Doubl., Ent., 1, p. 57, f. 12 = Varta, Walk, Ec., v, p. 1023 (1855) = Menas, Hurr. (Stauropus), Ent. Corr., p. 134 (1869). Manteo, Doub]. (Lochmeeus), Ent., 1, p. 58 (1841) = Cineras- cens, Walk. (Tadana), l. c., v, p. 991 (1855) = Subalbi- cans, Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., ii, p. 336 (1863). Biundata, Walk., l.c., v, p. 1025 (1855) = Olivata, Pack. (Lochmeus), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 11, p. 371 (1864) = Semiplaga, Walk., Can. Nat. and Geol., vi, p. 37 (1861) = Viridescens, Walk. (Stauropus), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxu, p. 416 (1865). See also Packard’s Monograph Bombycine Moths. Contracta, Walk. (Sorema), 1. c., v, p. 1065 (1855). Externa, Walk. (Leptina ?), 1. c., xv, p. 1643 (1858); this is a f, and I am not sure of its position. Subguttata, Walk., |. c., v, p. 1025 (1855). Guttivitta, Walk. (Cecrita), 1. c., v, 992 (1855) = Albiplaga, Walk. (Cecrita), |. ¢., vii, 1748 (1856) = Mucorea, H.S. (Drymonia), Ausser. Europ. Schmett., 1, f. 514 (1856) = Indeterminata, Walk. (Drymonia), 1. ¢., xxx, 413 (1865). Varia, Walk., l.c., v, 1023 (1855); possibly a large 2 of HT, oblaqua, Pack. Umbrata, Walk., l.c., v, p. 1028 (1855); the specimens in the B. M. seem quite distinct from H. pulverea, G. and R. Iigneata, Walk. (Etobesa), 1. ¢., xxxu, p. 471 (1865) = Aconthea, Druce, Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., ii, p. 458, t. 90, f. 24 (1898). Herbida, Walk. (Luca), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) i, p. 256 (1862). Obliqua, Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. i, p. 368 (1864). Bilineata, Pack. (Cecrita?) lL. ¢., p.359 (1864); (Seirodonta), Grote and Rob., List. Lep. N. A. (1882) = Turbida, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxx, 419 (1865) = Associata, Walk. (Edema), l.c., p. 426 (1865). Pulverea, G. and R., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., 1. ¢., 185, t, iv, f. 32 (1867). Cubana, Grote., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., v, p. 252, t. iv, fi 7 (1865). Revision of the American Notodontide. 303 Belfragei, Grote., Can. Ent., xi, p. 209 (1879). Subrotata, Harv., Bull. Buf. Soc., i, p. 263, t. xi, ff. 2, 4 (1874). Picta, Feld. (Trichotis), Reise, Nov., t. 97, f. 19 (1874) = Chapmani, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey, vi, p. 258 (1891) ; undoubtedly Felder’s locality “ the Amazons” is wrong; the basal lines in Picta are slightly straighter than in Chapmani, but it is not possible to differentiate the two types. Nystalina, Feld. (Hemiceras), |. c., t. 97, f. 12 (1874). Surinamensis, Moschl., Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p- 686, t. 10, f. 44 (1877). Moéschlert, Nom. Nov.= Herlbida (preoccupied), Moéschl., Pep. 6386, t. 10, f. 45 (1877). Stragula, Moschl., 1. c., xxxii, p. 342, t. 18, f. 30 (1883). Muscosa, Moschl., 1. ¢., p. 343, t. 18, f. 31 (1883). Cervina, Moschl., Abhandl. Senck. Ges., xiv, p. 35, f. 28 (1886). Lunata, Hy. Edw., Papilio, iv, p. 44 (1884) = Plumosa, Hy. Edw. (Lophodonta), Ent. Amer., 11, p. 14 (1886). Hdwardsit, Druce, Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 237 (1887) = Muscosa, Hy. Edw. (preoccupied), Papilio, iv, p. 79 (1884). Dardania, Druce, |. ¢., p. 237, t. xxv, f. 4 (1887). Sylla, Druce, |. ¢., t. xxv, f. 5 (1887). Manethusa, Druce, |. c., t. xxv, f. 6 (1887). Pincata, Drauce, |. c., p. 2388 = Satis, Druce, |. ¢., 11, p. 457 (1898). Splendens, Druce (Rhuda), |. ¢., 1, p. 247, t. xxv, f. 13 (1887). Remuria, Druce (Cecrita), |. ¢., 1, p. 452, t. xc, f. 5 (1898). Husebia, Druce, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 515 (1900). Daona, Druce, 1. ¢. (6) xill, p. 357 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xc, f. 20. Lloreda, Dogn. (Rhuda), Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xh, p. 26 (1897) = Amata, Druce, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vii, p. 75 (1901). macce, ochs., P. Z. S., 1892, p. 333; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., ii, t. xci, f. 2. Hertha, Schs., |. ¢., 1892, p. 334. Atrax, Schs., |. c.. 1892, p. 335. Virgea, Schs., 1. c., 1892, p. 334. Epona, Schs., 1. c., 1892, p. 335. 304 Mr. W. Schaus’s Cloelia, Schs. (Rifargia), |. c., 1892, p. 388. Gelduba, Schs. (Rifargia), 1. c., 1892, p. 339; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, t. xcui, f. 3. Masta, Schs. (Rifargia), |. c., 1894, p. 241; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., u1,-t. xcui, f. 9. Paranensis, Schs., |. ¢., p. 243. Mephitis, Schs. (Lirimiris?), |. ¢, p. 242; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xcii, f. 5. Corda, Druce, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vii, p. 437 (1901). Not examined. Tuna, sp. nov. Semilunata, sp. nov. Aroensis, sp. NOV. Isidra, sp. nov. JSamarcensis, Sp. NOV. Vestona, sp. nov. Discata, sp. nov. Rascona, sp. nov. Dwisa, sp. nov. Heterocampa tuna. Fore legs and palpi blackish-brown. Head and thorax pale buff, somewhat mottled with reddish-brown. Abdomen greyish-brown. Primaries : basal half and a shade beyond cell pale buff, irrorated with brown below the cell ; a dark streak from near base of median vein to near end of cell ; outer half of wing thickly irrorated with reddish-brown ; some buff spots on costa ; a black streak from within cell below subcostal vein to near apex, terminating in a black costal spot ; a blackish shade near outer margin from inner margin to vein 3; traces of an interrupted, geminate brown outer line ; a sub- terminal wavy black line ; a terminal black line interrupted by the veins ; fringe reddish-brown. Secondaries dull greyish brown, the fringe mottled with pale hairs. Expanse 35 m.m, Hab. CoLoMBIA. In this species the palpi are longer and smoother, the wings narrower than in typical Heterocampa. Heterocampa semilunata, sp. nov. Head and thorax grey. Abdomen light brown with a blackish subdorsal tuft at the base. Primaries light grey ; some light rufous shading at the base; a fine black streak below the median, and another on the inner maryin ; the inner transverse line very fine Revision of the American Notodontide. 305 and indistinct ; a fine brown streak at the end of the cell, and starting from its lower end a large semilunate velvety-brown mark, not extending above vein 4 ; a fine median dark grey angular line ; three outer lines, wavy, and partly confluent, forming a darker space between the costa and the semilunate mark ; a subterminal wavy white shade ; an interrupted terminal brown line, Secondaries entirely white. Expanse 33 m.m, Hab. Castro, Parana. _ Heterocampa aroensis, sp. nov. Head and thorax light reddish-brown ; the patagiz powdered with white inthe 9. Abdomen light brown with a dark dorsal tuft at the base. Primaries in the ¢ grey shaded with yellowish on the inner and outer margins, below the median vein, and irregularly between the veins on the outer portion of the wing; the veins partly streaked with black, also fine black streaks between veins 2 and 3, 4 and 5, and 5 and 6 ; a few fine black streaks at the base of the wing ; the inner line lunular; a median wavy line interrupted towards the costa ; the outer line replaced by some irregular black scales ; a greyish shade beyond the cell; asubapical wavy grey shade. Secondaries white with the costa grey, and the inner margin clothed with grey hairs. Q with the primaries more silvery-grey ; no distinct transverse lines ; the veins only black at their extrem- ities ; the intervenal lines heavier ; the subterminal brown shade more pronounced and confluent with the streak between veins 2 and 3; a terminal fine brown line; the base of the fringe black. Secondaries duller white, the margins greyish-brown, Expanse ¢ 38m.m.; 9 46 mm. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela. FTeterocampa isidra, sp. nov. Head and thorax mottled black and white scales. Abdomen grey. Primaries white thinly speckled with black and orange scales ; an oblique wavy dark line from costa near base to inner margin near centre ; traces of an outer, geminate, orange line from the costa to anal angle ; a faint dark median shade ; a subterminal dark shade, absent below vein 2 and between veins 3 and 4; a terminal blackish shade, and a more distinct terminal line interrupted by the veins; fringe mottled white and black ; a small black crescent at end of cell. Secondaries white thickly speckled with black scales, leaving TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (SEPT.) 21 306 Mr. W. Schaus’s traces of a white median line ; a dark terminal line ; fringe as on primaries. Expanse 9 45 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico. Feterocampa jamaicensis, sp. nov. . Head and thorax light green, posteriorly with fawn-colour tufts. Abdomen brown, fawn-colour on last segment. Primaries light green; the veins streaked with black at their extremities ; the lines reddish-brown, fine, geminate, indistinct, wavy; the discal spot large, fawn-colour ; two geminate lines on costa above discal spot; the outer line followed by a fine dark shade; a wavy reddish- brown subterminal shade not extending below vein 3; a terminal black line, fringe reddish. Secondaries green on costa with traces of geminate, dark median and outer lines; the outer margin broadly brown; the base fawn-colour; a terminal black line ; fringe as on primaries. Expanse 50 m.m. Hab. Jamaica, B. W. I. Heterocampa vestona, sp. nov. @. Head and collar fawn-colour. Thorax greyish-green. Abdomen with some darker dorsal tufts. Primaries dark green speckled with black ; basal, and inner, geminate, transverse darker lines very indistinct; a fine line in the cell surrounded by lighter green; the outer line most distinct, dark, lunular, with minute white specks on the veins on either side of it; a subterminal row of small brown dashes; a terminal pale green line outwardly edged with black. Secondaries greyish-brown ; a terminal dark line spotted with yellow on the tips of the veins. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. OR1ZABA, Mexico. Allied to Viridescens, Walk., but quite distinct. Heterocampa discata, sp. nov. Antennz with basal half pectinated. Head and thorax dark green. Abdomen brownish above, greyish below. Primaries dark» moss-green ; an angular inner, and outer greyish line, the former whitish on the inner margin, the latter marked by white points on the veins ; a subterminal, indistinct, blackish shade and some black scales on the tips of the veins ; a large white spot at the end of the Revision of the American Notodontide. 307 cell, surmounted by a smaller white spot on the costal margin. Secondaries white ; yellow hairs on the inner margin ; the costal margin moss-green ; a terminal brownish line. The discal spot sometimes tinged with roseate. Expanse 37 m.m. Hab. CAstTrRo, Parana. Heterocampa rascona, sp. nov. 2. Body dark grey. Primaries brownish speckled with black ; a large greyish space at the base on the inner margin, and about the anal angle ; two superposed black points in the cell, surrounded by pale buff ; the basal line, fine, black ; the inner line black, geminate, irregular and indistinct ; the outer line black, lunular, followed by some white points on the veins, not extending to costa ; a subter- minal darker shade ; some terminal black points between the veins ; the fringe spotted with black at the ends of the veins. Secondaries brown, the fringe slightly paler. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico. Heterocampa divisa, sp. nov. 6. Body brown, the thorax mottled with black. Primaries with a little more than the basal half dark slaty-grey, crossed by some pale shades, and outwardly by a reddish-brown median line ; a light grey patch on inner margin beyond the basal line, which is reddish- brown and indistinct ; the outer portion of the wing light brown, darker at the end of the cell; the outer line fine darker brown, followed by some darker shades; a subterminal irregular row of distinct black spots, followed by a wavy indistinct pale line ; some small blackish spots at the ends of the veins. Secondaries whitish, the veins and margins brownish, a geminate brown spot at anal angle. Veins 3 and 4 on secondaries stalked. Expanse 49 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. Malocampa, gen. nov. Antenne of male with basal half pectinated. Palpi extending slightly beyond frons; second joint hairy ; third joint minute. Legs very hairy ; tarsi smooth. Primaries long and narrow ; apex rounded ; outer margin rounded, oblique; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular; 6 from centre of areole, which is long 308 | Mr. W. Schaus’s -and narrow, 7, 8, 10, from end of areole. Secondaries: costal margin convex; underneath thickly scaled below costa at base ; veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 from a point or short stalk. Type. I. punctata, Cr. Punctata, Cr., Pap. Exot., 1v, +. 307,-% Wietigee Bifurcata, Sepp. (Bombyx) Surin, Viind., 1. t. 13 (1830). Sida, Schs. (Blera), P. Z.S., 1892, p. 333. Bolwwari, Schs. (Blera), |. c., 1894, p. 243. Albolineata, Druce (Lirimiris): Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 245, t. xxv, f. 10 (1887). Argentata, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann.and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xv; ps 49 (1895); B..G. A; 1, t., xe; LAS: Danala, Druce (Dasylophia ?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xili, p.357 (1894); B. C. A., uu, p. 467 (Nystalea), t. went, Ld: 2 Amphissa, Druce (Phalera), PZ. 8., 1890, p. 509. ? Tharis, Stoll (Bombyx) Pap. Exot., iv, t. 308 D. (1782). 2 Ziliante, Stoll (Bombyx) g ot 384 C. (1782). Sidoides, Schs., sp. nov. Obscura, Schs., sp. nov. Malocampa sidoides, sp. nov. Body dark grey; abdomen below whitish. Primaries grey along costal and inner margins, otherwise brownish ; the veins speckled with black and white ; a black point at the base ; a black spot at anal angle; a faint trace of a darker geminate inner line; the outer line only visible on costa and there followed by four dark points. Secondaries whitish ; the ends of veins brownish ; a terminal brown line; fringe white; some pale yellowish hairs along inner margin. Expanse 38 m.m. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela. Malocampa obscura. Body brown. Primaries: a reddish-brown basal space, followed by a violaceous-brown space to outer line; an oblique olivaceous shade from costa at one-third from base to middle of inner margin ; this shade is cut by an interrupted blackish line ; a large round olivaceous discal spot ; the outer line blackish, dentate, geminate, the inner portion crossing the dark space ; marginal space lighter brown, shaded with olivaceous on costa before apex, and at inner Revision of the American Notodontide. 309 angle ; an indistinct subterminal line. Secondaries brown ; at anal angle a pale spot edged above and below with black. Underneath brown, the inner area of secondaries yellowish. Expanse 49 m.m. Hab, COLOMBIA. Allied to JZ. danala, Druce. MAGAVA. Magava, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxii, p. 503 (1865). Antenne serrate fasciculate, the fascicles long on basal half. Palpi ascending beyond frons ; the second joint hairy, the third minute. Primaries as in Malocampa, neuration similar. Secondaries broader ; long hairs on inner margin ; the base of secondaries underneath not m hairy ; veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 just beyond centre of cell. . Type of Genus. IZ. multilinea, Walk. Multilinea, Walk., |. c. (1865); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Her, 1,4. xc, £. 16. Marginata, Schs., sp. nov. Magava marginata, sp. nov. Palpi, head, and thorax laterally and posteriorly light grey ; thorax otherwise and collar reddish-brown. Primaries white thinly irrorated with reddish scales, the outer margin thickly irrorated ; some black specks along. the inner margin ; a black, geminate, basal line oblique from costa to inner margin ; a fine, median, oblique black line, geminate on costa and inner margin ; a heavy black geminate line from near costa before apex, inwardly curved to inner angle, this line confining the darker outer margin ; a fine, angular, terminal black line ; the commencement of a subterminal line before apex. Secondaries white finely irrorated with reddish-brown ; a long cluster of reddish-brown hairs on inner margin. Expanse 46 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. RHUDA. fthuda, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xi, p. 621 (1857). Antenne fasciculate in male on basal half, the fascicles short. Palpi extending slightly beyond frons ; second joint hairy; third minute ; head with diffuse tufts. Legs hairy; tarsi smooth. 310 Mr. W. Schaus’s Primaries ; the outer margin crenulate: vein 5 well above centre of discocellular ; 6 from centre of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole, which is long and narrow. Secondaries not very hairy at base underneath ; veins 3 and 4, and 6 and 7 from a point or shortly stalked ; vein 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type. &. focula, Cr. Focula, Cr. (Noctua), Pap. Exot., iv, t. 388, G. H. (1782) = basifera, Walk. (Rhuda), Cat. Lep. Het. B. M. xi, p. 621 (1857)... - Diffusum, Feld. (Orthosoma), Reise, Nov., t. 97, f. 18 (1874). 3 Endymion, Schs., P. Z. 8S. (1892), p. 340. Procas, Druce (Drymonia), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) x1ll, p. 358 (1894). Gisara, gen. Nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi very long, upturned ; third joint nearly so long as second, the latter hairy, the former smooth, Legs shightly hairy. Abdomen long and stout. Primaries broad ; the outer margin slightly crenulate ; vein 5 from above middle of dis- cocellular ; 6 from about middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. G. procne, Schs. Procne, Schs. (Symmerista), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 336 = Sambana, Druce (Nystalea), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xv, p. 50 (1895); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het.,.ai, ta xeu, 1. 13. Tonia, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 515 (1900). Boriza, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate in the ¢. Palpi short, porrect ; third joint minute, conical. A small frontal tuft. Abdomen long, stout. Wings shorter and broader than in Dicentria, H. 8. Primaries : areole long; vein 6 from areole; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. B. crossea, Druce. : Crossea, Druce (Heterocampa?), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xii, p. 8357 (1894); Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Hetan xe 124. Revision of the American Notodontide. 311 BLERA. Blera, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soe. Lond. (3) 1, p. 255 (1862). Antenne fasciculate in male, the fascicles short. Palpi extending slightly beyond frons, hairy, the third joint minute. Head tufted. Legs hairy. Primaries: the costal margin slightly convex before apex, which is acute ; the outer margin rounded, oblique ; vein 5 from well above centre of discocellular ; 6 from centre of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: costal margin straight at base ; somewhat hairy underneath at base of vein 8, which runs close to 7 to end of cell; veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. B. politia, Cr. Politia. Cr., Pap. Exot., iv, 309, F. (1782) = Ceruroides, Walk. (Blera), l. c., p. 256 (1862). Tenis, Schs. (Harpyia?), P. Z 8., 1892, p. 336; Biol. Cent. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xci, ff 16, 18. Arecosa, Druce (Nystalea), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) fo 145° (1393); B. ©. A., Lep. Het., u, t. xcu, fi 8, I have not seen this species, but judge from the figure that it belongs here. Rogenhofert, Nom. Nov. = Politia (Sericochroa), Feld. Reise, Nov., t. 97, f. 21 (1874). CHADISRA. Chadisra, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1, p. 81 (1862). Antenne fasciculate in male. Palpi: second joint hairy in male ; third joint minute. Primaries: apex rounded ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. C. bipars, Walk. Bipars, Walk., |. c., p. 82 (1862), from Ceylon. Perilleus, Schs. (Heterocampa), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 335. Varona, Schs, sp. nov. Zabena, Schs., sp. nov. Batama, Schs., sp. nov. Torresi, Dogn. (Xylophasia), Le Naturaliste, 1889, p. 82; Lep. de Loja, Pl. 6, f. 5. This is possibly the ? of C. perilleus, Schs., and would have priority. 312 Mr. W. Schaus’s Chadisra varona, sp. Nov. Head and thorax greenish-fawn colour, Collar and patagize white. Abdomen brown, the last segment whitish with a dorsal black line. Primaries with the base pure white, followed by a broad dark olive- green band, widest on costa and inner margin; this band inwardly bordered with black and the median and submedian veins black where crossing it ; wing otherwise white thickly speckled with fawn- colour scales showing an indistinct fine inner, and an outer line ; on costa before apex a triangular dark olive-green spot, two of its angles spotted with black ; fringe whitish with the base olive-green ; a fine crescent-shaped black line in the cell. Secondaries brownish-black ; the fringe fawn-colour. Hab. Castro, Parana. Chadisra zabena, sp. nov. Q. Head and thorax grey, abdomen light brown with a dorsal dark tuft at base and a fine dark line dorsally on last segment. Primaries brown slightly tinged with violaceous-grey ; some white scales along inner margin; the outer margin from angle to vein 4 white speckled with black ; a long white spot on costa before apex, containing four dark costal spots as in C. batama, this spot bordered with darker brown and followed below apex by two velvety-brown streaks ; similar dark streaks at anal angle below and above the submedian vein ; faint traces of darker geminate, inner, median and outer lines ; a terminal lunular black line ; fringe grey spotted with brown ; the fringe darkest towards apex. Secondaries dark brown, paler at base and a median indistinct pale line most visible under- neath ; fringe fawn-colour; some white and black clusters of scales about anal angle. Underneath brown the costa of primaries with four white spots beyond middle. Expanse 47 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, Mexico. Chadisra batama, sp. nov. d. Head and thorax grey; tips of patagiz black. Abdomen brown ; anus grey. Primaries whitish at the base and above the angle; a long white spot on the costa from above end of cell to apex, containing four black spots on extreme costal margin ; an oblique black streak at the base; cell and outer margin below apex brownish ; — an inner, indistinct, geminate line ; a transverse very dark median shade not reaching the inner margin and containing in cell a paler Revision of the American Notodontide. 313 spot ; the outer, geminate, dark line only visible between veins 4-7 ; the apical white spot posteriorly margined with black ; a terminal black line ; a black streak on basal half of inner margin ; the sub- median and vein 2 tipped with black; the other veins less so. Secondaries yellowish white towards base ; brownish otherwise ; the fringe yellowish ; some white and black scales at anal angle. Under- neath white, the costal and outer margin broadly blackish. Expanse 36 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. Veins 3 and 4 on primaries apart. Rincodes, gen. nov. Neuration as in Talmenia, Mésch]. Antenne finely serrate. Palpi upturned reaching above head ; second joint long, deeply fringed ; third joint small, smooth. Abdomen with long tuft of scales. Type &. minuta, Druce. Minuta, Druce (Crinodes), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p- 516 (1900). This is possibly the species figured in Cramer, vol. iv, t. cccc, fig. L., as Clara ; itis not the same as the Clara figured on t. cccxi, and which is quoted under WVotoplusia. TALMENIA. Talmenia, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxil, p. 345 (1883). Antenne fasciculate, the fascicles short. Palpi porrect, slight, thinly haired ; third joint minute. Primaries: the outer margin ‘oblique, rounded between veins 3 and 4; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from centre of areole ; 7 and 8 from end of areole; 10 from before its end. Secondaries : costal margin convex on basal half ; apex somewhat acute ; veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. 7’. arsilonchoides, Moschl. Arsilonchoides, Moschl.,, 1. c., p. 346, t. 18, f. 34 (1883). OPHITIS. Ophitis, Feld., Reise Nov., t, 97, f. 10 (1874). Antennx fasciculate. Palpi extending slightly beyond frons ; second joint long, third very short. Primaries: outer margin rounded, slightly oblique, crenulate ; inner angle hardly rounded ; 314 Mr. W. Schaus’s vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole; 3 and 4 apart. Secondaries: vein 8 close to 7 to end of cell; 3 and 4 slightly apart ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. Ophitis magnaria, Feld. Magnaria, Feld., 1. ¢. Meragisa, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate, the fascicles short. Palpi extending beyond frons, ascending; the second joint hairy; the third joint minute. Legs hairy. Head without tuft. Primaries: costal margin slightly convex ; outer margin broad ; convex ; the inner angle somewhat rounded ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8,10 from end of areole. Secondaries rather long ; the base of costa convex ; apex, outer margin and anal angle rounded ; veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type. M. valdiviesoi, Dogn. Valdiviesot, Dogn. (Orthosoma), Le Naturaliste, 1890, p- 193; Lep. de Loja, pl. 5, f. 8. LIimosa, Schs. (Heterocampa), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 344. Marcata, Dogn. (Symmerista), Le Naturaliste, 1889, p. 82; Lep. de Loja, pl. 5, f. 10. Pallida, Schs., sp. nov. Politioides, Schs., sp. nov. Sidata, Schs., sp. nov. Meragisa pallida, sp. nov. Head and thorax whitish-grey; abdomen darker. Primaries white thinly speckled with black scales ; an oblique black line from costa to middle of inner margin, geminate on costa and on inner margin ; an outer wavy, geminate, black line from costa near apex to inner angle; a terminal irregular black line and some black scales on either side of the tips of veins. Secondaries greyish, paler to- wards the inner margin and a faint trace of an outer line especially towards the anal angle. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab, Castro, Parana. Meragisa politiordes, sp. nov. Head and thorax grey. Abdomen darker above tinged with yellow towards base; underneath yellow. Primaries light grey speckled Revision of the American Notodontide. 315 with brown and black scales; a basal, an oblique inner, and an irregular outer, geminate line, the lines black filled in with yellow scales ; a terminal irregular black line inwardly shaded with yellow, and some yellow scales on the tips of the veins. Secondaries blackish ; yellow at the base. Underneath the primaries are blackish; the apex outer and inner margins yellowish ; the secondaries yellowish-grey with a broad subterminal black band. Expanse 44 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO and CoATEPEC, Mexico. This is the species referred to in the Bivlogia as 8. politia, Cr. Meragisa sidata. Body grey. Primaries thickly irrorated with grey and buff scales, darker than EH. politioides, Schs. ; a dark grey inner line, geminate, outwardly oblique from costa to median vein; a minute discal streak, above which is an oblique costal streak; outer line fine, dark, dentate, geminate on costa, suffusing below vein 3 with the subterminal which consists of geminate black lunules separated by greenish-buff ; these lunules are oblique from costa before apex to vein 4, and below vein 4 they are closer to the outer margin ; some terminal outwardly curved black lunules, preceded by black marks below each vein ; fringe yellow. Secondaries dull brown ; fringe yellow. Underneath dull brown ; a terminal dark line on primaries. Expanse 49 m.m. Hab. MeRipA, Venezuela. PHASTIA. Phastia, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1, p. 258 (1862). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi slender, porrect, slightly hairy ; third joint one-third the length of second. Primaries: costa convex ; outer margin and inner angle rounded, only slightly oblique ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries long, not very broad ; the costal margin straight ; veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type. Phastia basalis, Walk. Basalis, Walk., |. c. (1862). Alcimede, Druce (Oedemasia ?), P. Z.8., 1890, p. 510; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xe, fi 2. Duronia. Druce (Oedemasia), 1. c., p. 453, t. xe, f 3 (1898). 316 Mr. W. Schaus’s EUXOGA. Euxoga, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 692 (1878). : Antenne fasciculate. Palpi extending beyond frons, thickly haired, smooth; the third joint more than half as long as second. Primaries broad; costal margin straight; apex not acute; outer margin concave to vein 3, then oblique; the inner angle oblique ; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. £. argenteo punctata, Moschl. Argentco punctata, Mosch., 1. c., t. x, f. 50 (1878). Goaxis, gen. nov. Antenne fasciculate. Palpi extending beyond frons; second joint long, third short. Legs smooth. Primaries broad; outer margin crenulate, excavated between veins 3-6, oblique below vein 3; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular; 6 from centre of areole; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. G. singularis, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 13. Goaxis singularis. Head and thorax greyish. Abdomen brown. Primaries brown ; a buff space from inner margin near base, obliquely to almost the middle of costal margin ; this space outwardly shaded with reddish- brown, irrorated with darker scales, and followed from inner margin to subcostal vein by a blackish brown space crossed by a pale ante- medial line, which does not extend into the cell ; the discocellular broadly brown edged on either side by a whitish line ; beyond the cell a dark angular line, followed by a geminate lunular brown line, filled in with buff ;. veins black towards apex ; an apical buff shade ; — a subterminal black shade from just below apex to vein 3; a marginal row of small reddish-brown spots between the veins. Secondaries dark brown ; fringe terminally white. Expanse 30 m.m. Hab. PETROPOLIS, Brazil. Revision of the American Notodontide. 317 MASCHANE. Maschane, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxvii, p. 2 (1863). Antenne fasciculate.- Primaries: costal margin very convex to beyond middle ; apex acute ; outer margin rounded, very oblique ; vein 5 from-near upper angle of cell; 6 from middle of areole ; 7 and 8 from a point ; 10 from before end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. I. erratipennis, Walk. Erratipennis, Walk., |. ¢., p. 3. Simplex, Walk. (M.), 1. c., p. 3. RIFARGIA. Rifargia, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1, p. 258 (1862). Antenne fasciculate. Palpi extending slightly beyond frons; second joint hairy, third minute. Legs hairy. Abdomen long, stout. Primaries: apex rounded ; outer margin rounded, oblique ; inner margin straight ; vein 5 from just above middle of discocel- lular ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Second- aries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell ; base of wing underneath hairy. Type. 2. wylinoides, Walk. Aylinoides, Walk., 1. c., p. 259 (1862). Moha, Dogn., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xi, p. 27 (1897). Causia, Schs. (Blera), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 332. Branca, Sch. (Blera), |. c., p. 333. Apella, Schs. (Blera), 1. ¢., p. 333. Myconos, Schs. (Symmerista), 1. c.,-p. 336. Tethys, Sch. (Symmerista), |. c., p. 336. Distinguenda, Walk. (Acronycta), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. ix, p. 63 (1856) = Dubia, Moschl. (Symmerista), Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 689 (1877). Mus, Moschl. (Symmerista), 1. ¢, p, 689, t. x, f. 47 (1877). ? Brunnea, Moschl. (Symmerista), 1. ¢., p. 690, t. x, f. 48 (1877). Inneata, Druce (Symmerista), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, p. 240, t. xxv, f. 11 (1887). Bichorda, Hamps. (Heterocampa), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vol. vii, p. 251 (1901). Felderi, Schs., sp. nov. 318 Mr. W. Schaus’s Collema, Schs., sp. nov. Grisea, Schs., sp. nov. Cassandra, Schs., sp. nov. Nubila, Druce, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vii, p. 437 (1901). hifargia felderi, sp. nov. Head and thorax white with a few black scales; a transverse black line on collar, and a longitudinal black line on patagie, Primaries white with a few scattered black scales ; a fine geminate black inner line, inwardly oblique from costal to subcostal, then outwardly curving to submedian with another short curve below it ; this line joined on subcostal by a geminate line from the base ; at end of cell geminate lines connected on median by a black line and . also on subcostal by two oblique lines from costa ; the outer line wavy, geminate, followed on inner margin by a black spot ; terminal line fine indistinct, lunular towards anal angle ; between vein 4 and apex some subterminal brownish shadings. Secondaries white ; a small dark spot at anal angle. Expanse 38 m.m. Hab. PERU. Rifargia collema. Head and collar grey mottled with brown. Thorax brown ; the patagie grey mottled with white. Abdomen brown. Primaries white irrorated with grey, and shaded with brown below the median vein ; a geminate basal costal streak ; an antemedial, geminate, wavy, dark brown line, filled in with lighter brown; a whitish lunular discal spot; two median dark streaks on costa; an outer geminate, wavy line, the inner part black, the outer part brown, less heavily marked ; the outer line followed below costa by two velvety- black spots, and by three less conspicuous spots below and above vein 2, and between veins 3 and 4; a subterminal black line, nearly straight from costa to vein 3, then forming three curves to inner angle ; terminal dark shades at veins; fringe grey. Secondaries whitish ; the outer margin broadly black ; some terminal white shades between the veins; fringe white. Expanse 39 m.m. Hab, COLOMBIA. hifargia grisea. Head and collar brown. Thorax grey. Abdomen buff at base, then brown ; the last two segments dorsally white irrorated with Revision of the American Notodontide. 319 brown scales, Primaries silvery-grey; the costa shaded and spotted with brown ; a small black mark at the base ; an inner dark brown, geminate, line ; a broad outer transverse brown band, preceded by velvety-black spots above and below vein 2, and also between veins 4 and 5, and 5 and 6; a terminal brown line preceded by an inter- rupted blackish line ; fringe white spotted with brown. Secondaries: the inner area whitish, the veins dark ; a broad marginal dark grey shade narrowing at anal angle ; the extreme margin mottled with white between the veins ; fringe white. In the females the second- aries are darker ; the inner area somewhat tinged with buff. Under- neath the female is black ; the costa near apex spotted with white ; on the secondaries a whitish shade from middle of costa to anal angle. Expanse ¢ 40 m.m.; 9 43 m.m. Hab. COLOMBIA. Lifargia cassandra. Body dark grey, the collar shaded with reddish-brown. Primaries white irrorated with grey and pale brown ; veins 2-10 with inter- rupted black streaks ; traces of a basal, and a geminate inner, trans- verse grey line ; a large reddish-brown spot at end of cell, containing a darker line, and preceded and followed by a dark streak which reaches costa; a subterminal whitish shade, outwardly shaded with reddish-brown above vein 4; a dark lunate terminal line ; fringe greyish, spotted with dark brown at ends of veins. Secondaries white ; a terminal dark grey line ; some dark hairs on inner margin ; fringe white. St) set Expanse 44 m.m. Hab. MERIDA, Venezuela. Afilia, gen. nov. ¢ Antenne finely pectinated ; in the 2 simple. Palpi minute. Primaries long and narrow, the inner angle rounded ; no accessory cell ; veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell, 6-10 stalked. Second- aries : veins 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 from a point ; 8 diverging from cell at a third from base; the costal margin straight. Type. A. cinerea, Schs. Cinerea, Schs., sp. nov. = Cerura cinerea, Druce (Nee. Walk.), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, p. 241 (quoted). ein i.e 7 320 Mr. W. Schaus’s Afilia cinerea, sp. nov. Head and thorax grey, abdomen reddish-brown. Primaries grey, finely speckled with black ; a fine black basal line angled at sub- costal vein ; a median wavy black line not reaching the submedian ; a lunular black line at the end of the cell ; an outer, indistinct, red- dish shade followed by some irregular blackish shades ; a distinct wavy subterminal black line ; a terminal black line ; fringe reddish- brown, Secondaries sordid white in the ¢, greyish-brown in the ?, with the base whitish. Expanse ¢ 33 m.m.; ? 40 m.m. Hab. ORIZABA, GUADALAJARA, Mexico. The markings in the 2? are more distinct than in the d,and a female from Las Vigas on the Cofre de Perote has the space from basal to median lines filled in with reddish brown. LOBEZA. Lobeza, H. §., Ausser.-Europ. Schmetzé., 1, p. 11 (1854). Dukinfieldia, Schs., P. Z. 8., 1894, p. 234. Antenne shortly pectinated to tips. Palpi, short hairy, upturned, not extending beyond frons. Legs hairy. Abdomen long, stout, tufted laterally. Primaries convex before apex; outer margin rounded, oblique; vein 5 from centre of areole; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked ; 10 from beyond 7. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 close together ; 6 and 7 from a point or shortly stalked ; 8 connected to 7 at middle of cell by a bar. ‘Type. L. aglone, . 8. Aglone, H.S., 1. ¢., £ 85 (1854). « Lateralis, Walk. (Cossus), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. vii, p. 520 (1856). Favilla, Dogn., Le Naturaliste, p. 33, 1892; Lep. de Loja, ph oot a0. Suprema, Schs. (Dukinfieldia), P. Z. $., 1894, p. 234. Dentilinea, Schs., sp. nov. Lobeza dentulinea, sp. nov. Head and thorax above grey. Abdomen above blackish-grey, underneath with deep yellow transverse lines and lateral yellow tufts. Thorax below yellow centrally, laterally black. Primaries grey ; an inner oblique line slightly dentate on costa, then wavy, nearer the base on the costa than on the inner margin ; an outer very Revision of the American Notodontide. 321 dentate transverse line ; both lines and a transverse line at the end of the cell reddish-brown. Secondaries blackish-grey, paler along the outer margin; fringe light grey. Underneath the wings are blackish-grey. Expanse 66 m.m. Hab. SAo Pauto, S.E. Brazil. Lobeza dukinfieldia. Larva. Length 70 m.m. Head black. Second segment somewhat con- tracted ; a black transverse band, divided subdorsally. Body yellow. Third and fourth segments with transverse red bands centrally, a narrower red band posteriorly, and a red line anteriorly interrupted laterally. From segment five a subdorsal red line ; broad red trans- verse bands between the segments ; centrally on each segment are irregular red bands, contracted laterally, and widening on dorsum where it is connected to subdorsal line by a short red streak. Under- neath red, the prolegs and abdominal legs tipped with black ; gemi- nate yellow streaks anteriorly on segments 7-11. Described from a Specimen in spirits. Lusura. Lusura, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1067 (1855). ejama, Walk., |. c., p. 1077 (1855). Antennze pectinated to tips. Palpi long, especially the second joint. Areole absent. Primaries: apex rounded; outer margin rounded, oblique ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked ; vein 10 from beyond 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. L. discalis, Walk. Discalis, Walk., 1. c., p. 1067. Chera, Stoll. (Noctua), Pap. Exot., iv, t. 308, E. (1782) = Megalops, Sepp. (Bombyx), Surin. Vlind., i, t. 24 (1848) = Simos, Walk. (Tifama), 1. c., p. 1078, n. 1 (1855). Altrix, Stoll. Pe te l. c, t. 307, E. (1782); Felder, Reise Nov, t. 98, f. 6 GLUPHISIA. Giuphisia, Boisd., Ind. Meth., 56 (1829). Male antennze pectinated to tips; female simple. Palpi short, hairy. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART Il. (SEPT.) 22 322 Mr. W. Schaus’s upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked, 10 from beyond 7, Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 well apart; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type of genus. G. crenata, Esper., from Europe. Crenata, Esper. (Bombyx), Schmett., iti, p. 245, t. 47, ff. 3, 4 (1785). Lintneri, Grote, Can. Ent., ix, p. 85 (1877). Severa, Edw., Ent. Amer., ii, p. 167 (1886). Septentrwmis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. B. M. v, p. 1038 (1855). Wrightu, H. Edw., Ent. Amer., 11, p. 11 (1886). For synonymy of American species see Packard’s Mono- graph of American Bombycine Moths. NAGIDUSA. Nagidusa, Walk., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3) i, p. 257 (1862). Q. Antenne simple, Head with slight tuft. Primaries long, narrow ; apex acute; outer margin oblique, slightly rounded ; no accessory cell; vein 5 from above middle of discocellular ; 6-10 stalked ; 10 from before 7. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type of genus. WV. aylocampordes, Walk. Xylocampoides, Walk., |. c. (1862). T. xu, f. 2. Exyra, Druce (Heterocampa), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vii, p. 76 (1901). Conescens, Schs., sp. nov. Nagidusa cinescens. Head and thorax grey. Abdomen brownish-grey. Primaries grey ; a dark line from base of median vein to submedian vein at antemedial line, which is wavy, geminate, black ; the postmedial geminate, very indistinct ; a dark discocellular line; the subterminal consisting of an indistinct shade, angular below vein 2, and replaced towards costa by blackish streaks on and between the veins ; some dark spots on costa beyond middle ; a terminal dark grey line ; fringe grey spotted with black at veins. Secondaries smoky-grey ; an outer whitish line; a terminal dark grey line; fringe whitish spotted with grey. Expanse 47 m.m. Hab, ORIZABA, Mexico. wy) Revision of the American Notodontide. 32 ELLIDA. Hlida, Grote, Can. Ent. vii, p. 125 (1876). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi short, hardly extending beyond frons. Wings long and narrow. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6-10 stalked, 10 from before 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to end of cell. Type of Genus. £. caniplaga, Walk. Caniplaga, Walk. (Cymatophora), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. ix, p. 18 (1856) =transversata, Walk. (Edema), |. c., xxxu, p. 427 (1865) = Gelida, Grote, |. c., p. 126 (1876). MACRUROCAMPA. Macrurocampa, Dyar., Ent. News., iv, p. 34 (1893). Antenne pectinated, but not to tips. Palpi porrect, hairy, extending slightly beyond frons. Legs hairy. Primaries: vein 5 from about middle of discocellular ; 6-10 stalked, 10 from before 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and7 stalked ; 8 diverg- ing from 7 a little before end of cell. Type of Genus. MZ. marthesia, Cr. Marthesia, Cr. (Noctua), Pap. Exot., iii, pl. 264, f. B. (1779) =tesella, Pack. (Lochmeeus), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 11. p. 370 (1864)= Turbida, Walk. (Cerura), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxu, p. 407 (1865)=Hlongata, Grote and Rob. (Heterocampa), Trans. Ent. Soc. Phil., i, p. 184 (1867). Amazonica, Butl. (Symmerista), Ann. Nat. Hist. (5) u, p. £7f (1878). HARPYIA. Harpyia, Ochs., Schmett., Eur., in, 19 (1810). Antenne pectinated to tips. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle or stalked close to it ; veins 7-10 stalked, 10 from before 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on long stalk. Type of Genus. HH. bicuspis, Borkh., from Europe. Bicuspis, Borkh. (Bombyx), Eur. Schmett., iii, p. 380 (1790). Borealis, Boisd. (Dicranoura), Guér., Icon, R. Anim., t. 88, f. 5 (1829). Scolopendrina, Bdv., Lep. de la Cal., p. 86 (1869). 324 Mr. W. Schaus’s Cinerea, Walk. (Cerura), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxii, p. 407 (1865). For complete synonymy see Packard’s Mono- graph of American Bombycine Moths. Notela, gen. nov, Palpi short. g¢ Antenne pectinated ; in the 9 simple. A high frontal tuft in the 2. Primaries with costal margin convex towards apex ; outer margin oblique, somewhat rounded in the ? ; no accessory cell. Veins 3 and 4 well apart, 6 from upper angle of cell; 7-10 stalked, 10 from lower on stalk than 7. Secondaries with veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. WV. jaliscana, Schs. Jaliscana, Schs., sp. nov. t. xu, f. 3. Notela jaliscana, sp. nov. Head and thorax dark grey. Abdomen light brown above, greyish below. Primaries grey speckled with black, especially on the veins; longitudinal and transverse brownish shadings, very indistinct, the most noticeable being the two outer lines; fine subapical black lines. In some specimens a black line from the base below the median vein, first straight, then slightly wavy at vein 2 and not quite reaching the middle of the outer margin ; below the line a black spot between veins 2 and 3. Secondaries whitish, the veins and outer margin smoky, fringe white. Expanse ¢ 32 m.m.; 9 36 mm. Hab. GUADALAJARA, Mexico. Huharpyia, gen. nov. 6 Antennee pectinated on basal half; at base of antenne a long, porrect, tuft of hairs. Palpi porrect ; second joint long. Primaries : veins 6-10 stalked ; 10 from before 7. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. Luharpyia comita, Schs. Comita, Schs., sp. nov. t. xii, f. 4. Huharpyia comita, sp. nov. Frons buff mottled with brown hairs. Collar dark brown. Abdo- men brown above, buff below. Primaries: the basal and outer \ lh a i i te ee. , a Revision of the American Notodontide. 325 thirds brown ; the median space greyish ; some dark streaks at the base, and an indistinct inner shade ; a fine, brown, geminate median line, forming three curves from costa to inner margin ; a greyish spot in the cell ; the outer line broad, paler grey especially on the veins, bordered on either side with dark grey, crossed by a fine black line, interrupted by the veins, and with a row of black points on the veins ; beyond the outer line there is a row of black points on the veins, beyond which they are streaked with black ; three black spots before the subterminal line, below vein 2, between 4 and 5, and between 7 and 8; the subterminal line is reddish-brown, followed by a black spot at angle, and four similar spots between vein 4 and the apex ; fringe light-brown spotted with black between the veins. Secondaries brown, paler at the base. Expanse 38 m.m. Hab. CHANCHAMAYO, Peru. Hunotela, gen. nov. ¢. Antenne with basal half pectinated. Palpi upturned extending beyond frons; second joint long. Legs hairy. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular; 6 from upper angle of cell; 7-10 stalked, 10 from before 7. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. Hunotela pallida, Schs. Pallida, Schs. sp. nov. t. xii, f. 5. Tropica, Schs. (Gidemasia), P. Z. 8., 1894, p. 241. Collaris, Schs., sp. nov. Hunotela pallida, sp. nov. Palpi dark ,brown. Head and collar fawn-colour, the latter posteriorly margined with dark brown. Thorax and abdomen grey. Primaries pale brownish-grey, the median space whitish. Some blackish specks at the base and an interrupted basal black transverse line ; an inner transverse irregular black line, preceded by a linear brown shade ; a velvety-black line on discocellular, followed by a fine black transverse linear shade. An outer row of black points followed by a smoky transverse shade ; a subterminal very distinct velvety-black line, preceded towards apex by some brownish shades ; a terminal dark grey line. Secondaries white; a few black scales at anal angle. Expanse 40 m.m. Hab. Castro, Parana, 326 Mr. W. Schaus’s EKHunotela ¢ollaris. Palpi brown. Frons fawn-colour ; vertex and collar dark velvety- brown. Thorax grey. Abdomen brownish-grey. Primaries brown mottled with fawn-colour at base, in cell and on outer space ; some white and black scales at base of inner margin, and a whitish streak mottled with black below the median vein; a white discal spot edged above with black, below with brown, and preceded by a whitish space ; a large brown spot on costa at one-third from base, followed by a geminate brown transverse line; veins 2, 3, 4 and 6 partly irrorated with white and black scales; an outer white punctiform line; marginal black spots between the veins, edged with grey. Secondaries greyish-brown, palest at base ; an indistinct pale outer line ; fringe whitish towards anal angle. Expanse 39 m.m. Hab. COLOMBIA. EUNYSTALEA. Hunystalea, Grote, Abh. Naturw. Vereins zu Bremen, xiv, 7 (1895). “Vein 5 from near middle of cross-vein, 6-9 stalked, 10 from the cell, no accessory cell ; on secondaries veins 3 and 4 from the lower angle of the cell, 6 and 7 short stalked,”—jfide Dyar. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxiv. (1897). From the description, the Genus is distinct from anything described. Type. £. indiana, Grote. Indiana, Grote (Nystalea), Pap. iv, p. 7 (1884). PONTALA. Pontala, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxx, p. 954 (1864). Platyodonta, Feld., nec Moschl. Primaries straight from apex to vein 5, then angled and very oblique to inner margin, which is excavated and deeply toothed ; vein 5 from upper angle of cell; 6, 7, 10 from end of areole; 8 stalked with 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked. Type. P. rubrana, Walk. fiubrana, Walk., |. c. (1864). Calpe, Feld. (Platyodonta), Reise Nov. t. xevui, f. 16 (1875), Revision of the American Notodontidez. 327 APELA. Apela, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1092 (1855). Platyodonta, Moschl. (nec Felder), Verh. Zool.-bot., Ges. Wien, xxvii, p. 682 (1878). Male. Antenne fasciculate on basal half. Palpi: third joint short. Primaries broad ; costal margin convex on basal half ; inner margin excised, and deeply lobed—vein 5 from upper angle of cell ; 7 and 8 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 stalked, Type. A. dwisa, Walk. Dwisa, Walk., 1.¢c., p. 1093 (1855) = Strigata, Moschi. (Platyodonta 2), l.c., p. 683, t. x, fi 41. This species was erroneously described as from India. DYLOoMIA. Dylomia, Feld., Reise, Nov., t. 97, f. 18 (1874). Antenne fasciculate, palpi not extending beyond frons, small, upturned. Primaries; apex not acute; outer margin and inner angle obliquely rounded ; vein 5 from close to upper angle of cell ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7-10 from end of areole. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart (from a point in Ciliata, Feld.) ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. D. tortricina, Felder. Toriricina, Feld., Reise, Nov., t. 97, f. 13. Casa, Weld., 1. c., t. 977, f. 14. Cqirata, Peld., l.c., t. 97, f. 15. Diagonalis, Feld., |. ¢., t. 98, f. 5. NAPREPA. Naprepa, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1046 (1855), Antenne fasciculate. Palpi upturned, extending beyond frons ; second joint long, with thick short hairs ; third joint minute. High thoracic crest. Primaries : outer margin crenulate ; on inner margin a tufted lobe; vein 5 from about middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole, near cell ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 10 from end of areole. Second- aries: veins 3 and 4 from a point; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 diverging from 7 before end of cell. Type. WV. camelincrdes, Walk. Camelinerdes, Walk., 1, c, (1855), 328 Mr. W. Schaus’s Cyllota, Druce (Ophitis), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 247, t. xxv, f. 14 (1887), (Naprepa), l.c., 1, p. 466. Pulcheria, Druce (Ophitis), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xvi, p. 38 (1895); B.C. A.,u, p. 466 (Naprepa), t. xcil, i 10. Llongata, Schs., sp. nov. Naprepa elongata, sp. nov. ‘The wings proportionately longer and narrower than in Naprepa cylotta, Druce, and more of a reddish-brown ; the markings other- wise very similar but without the outer row of light points on the veins, and the tuft on inner margin darker. Secondaries with the anal markings more pronounced and pale points at tips of veins. The secondaries are whitish underneath withcut any transverse line, and there is a cluster of dark scales at anal angle. Expanse 93 m.m. Hab. Rio JANEIRO. Naprepa cyllota, Drace. Larva. Length 60 m.m. Head and first segment very small: second segment larger ; third and fourth much enlarged. Head and first segment pale bluish-green ; laterally on first segment two small white spots circled with black; seg. 2 with 4 similar spots. Segments 3-13 bright green; posteriorly on segment 4a semicircular black line edged behind with white, segments 5 and 10 with two, the other segments with three white spots circled with red placed rather outwardly ; below these spots is a lateral wavy white line edged above and below with black, beginning at the 5th and ending at 11th segment ; below this line are four white spots on each segment ; segments 2, 3 and 4 have also four lateral spots and above prolegs on segments 1, 2, and 3 are two other small spots. Laterally below white line, underneath, and abdominal legs bluish-green. Prolegs white with three black specks externally ; segment 11 is laterally bordered with maroon, and the stigma is placed in a round black spot circled with yellow. Segments 12 and 13 dorsally maroon, underneath bright green. LOPHOPTERYX. Lophopteryx, Steph., Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust., u, p. 26 (1829). Palpi porrect. Antenne serrate and fasciculate. Primaries: outer margin crenulate ; vein 6 from areole near cell ; 8 and 10 stalked. ~~ = =. Revision of the American Notodontide. 329 Secondaries : veins 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Thoracic crest. Type. LZ. capucina, Linn. Capucina, Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 507 (1758). Americana, Harv. Can. Ent., ix, p. 95 (1877). Herbertina, gen, nov. Antenne with minute fascicles. Head with small tuft. Primaries broad ; a tuft of hairs on inner margin ; areole small ; vein 6 from areole ; 8-10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. H. ewmeta, Druce. Humeta, Druce (Lophopteryx), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), v, p. 514 (1900). ODONTOSIA. Odontosia, Hiibn., Verz. Bek. Schmett., 145 (1888). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi short. Primaries long ; outer margin crenulate, oblique ; long tuft on middle of inner margin ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from areole near cell; 7 and 8 from end of areole. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 tonear end ofcell. No thoracic crest. Type. O. carmelita, Esp., from Europe. Carmelita, Esp. (Bombyx), Schmett., 111, Cont., p. 65, t. 91, =, (1790). HLlegans, Strecker (Lophopteryx), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1884, p. 285 = Notaria, Hy. Edw. (Notodonta), Ent. Amer., 1, p. 17 (1885). HYPERASCHRA. Hypereschra, Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vi, 65 (1880). Male antenne pectinate to tips. Palpi hairy. Primaries: outer margin smooth ; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7-10 stalked. Secondaries: 6 and 7 stalked; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. H. pallida, Butl., from India. Pallida, Butl., Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vi, 1880, p. 65. 330) Mr. W. Schaus’s Stragula, Grote (Notodonta), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. in, p. 98 (1864) = Scotepennis, Walk. (Notodonta), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxui, p. 411 (1865). Pacifica, Behr. (Notodonta), Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (2), iu, p. 206 (1892). Tortwosa, Tepp. (Drynobia), Bull. Brock., Ent. Soc., iv, p. 2 (1881). Georgica, H. 8. (Notodonta), Ausser.-Hurop.,Schmett., f. 384 (1855). NOTODONTA. Notodonta, Ochs., Schmett., Eur., 111, 45 (1810). Peridea, Steph., Ul. Brit. Ent. Haust., 11, 22 (1828). Chatfieldia, Grote, Abh. Natur. Vereins zu Bremen, xiv, 7 (1895). Male antenne shortly pectinated, female simple. Areole absent. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular, 6-10 stalked. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. Type. WV. dromedarius, Linn., from Europe. Drome- darius, Linn. (Bombyx), Syst. Nat. 1 (2), p. 827 (1767). Basttriens, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. v, p. 1000 (1855). Simplaria, Graef., But]. Brook., Ent. Soc., i, p. 95 (1881). LOPHODONTA. Lophodonta, Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., iii. p. 857 (1864). Antenne simple in both sexes. Palpi short, hairy. Primaries: vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6-10 stalked, areole absent. Secondaries : 6 and 7 stalked. Type. L. ferruginea, Pack., 1. c. (1864). Angulosa, Sm. aud Abb. (Phalzna), Lep. Ins. Georg., 11, pl, 83 (1797). PHEOSIA. Pheosia, Hiibn., Verz. Bek. Schmett., 145 (1818). Levocampa, Steph., Il. Brit. Ent. Haust., 11, 24 (1828), Antenne pectinated in both sexes. Palpi very short, hairy, not extending beyond frons. Primaries: vein 6 from upper angle of cell; 7-10 stalked. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 close to 7 to near end of cell. at i a ‘ Revision of the American Notodontide. dol Type. P. tremula, Clerck., from Europe. Tremula, Olerck. (Bombyx), Icones,, Ca Ra (1759). Dimidiata, H. 8. (Drymonia), Ausser, -Europ., Schmett., f. 515 (1856) = Rimosa, Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. il, p. 358 (1864)=Californica, Stretch., Zyg. and Bomb., N. A., 116 (1872). Portlandia, Hy. Kdw., Ent. Amer., i, p. 168 (1887)= Descherei, Neum. (Notodonta), Can. Ent., xxiv, p. 227 (1892). Goacampa, gen. noy, Antenne long, evenly and shortly pectinated in the ¢ to the tips, serrate in the 2. Headlargeand prominent. Palpi very short, porrect. Wings long and narrow. Abdomen short and_ stout. Primaries with long areole from before end of cell ; 6 from areole ; 7 and 10 from end of areole ; 3 and 4 from lower angle of cell. Secondaries with 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 very close to 7 to near the end of the cell. Type. G. variabtlts, Schs. Variabilis, Schs., sp. nov., t. xu, fi 6. Goacampa variabilis, sp. nov. S 6. Head and thorax grey. Abdomen brownish above, grey below, white towards the base. Primaries light grey ; an inner, and outer fine angular darker line ; a subterminal, and a terminal row of dark streaks between the veins ; a large black spot at the end of the cell; a broad black basal band. A third ¢ has merely a broad black streak from the base to the outer margin above the submedian vein. The 9 mostly darker grey with the lines and streaks as in the ¢, and the discal spot circular, dark grey, filled in with lighter orey. One 2? has the inner margin broadly black and a large black space beyond the cell. Secondaries in both sexes white; the veins brownish at the base, black marginally; a terminal black shade and a black spot just before the angle ; fringe white. Expanse 42-46 m.m. Hab. Oaxaca, Mexico. Kurtia, gen. nov. Palpi hairy, third joint minute. Antenne deeply pectinated for four-fifths. Tibia hairy. Primaries long and narrow ; the costal margin slightly convex, apex rounded, outer margin very oblique, inner margin straight ; veins 3 and 4 apart ; 5 from upper angle of cell ; areole long; vein 6 from beyond its middle ; 7 and 8 from end 2 Biya Mr. W. Schaus’s of areole, 10 from before end. Secondaries short and broad, costal margin convex, outer margin rounded ; veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk ; vein 5 absent. Type. Kurtva modesta, Schs. Modesta, Schs., sp. nov., t. xii, f. 7. Kurtia modesta, sp. nov. Palpi dark brown ; head and collar dark grey ; thorax reddish- brown ; abdomen duller brown with long dorsal tufts. Primaries reddish-brown with some slight greyish intervenal streaks ; traces of basal and inner lines on costa only ; an outer row of minute dark spots almost imperceptible and a terminal row of black spots between the veins. Secondaries dull brown ; the fringe partly fawn-colour. Expanse 50 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. Anita, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated for four-fifths of length. Palpi ascending, third joint minute. Legs smooth. Primaries short and_ broad ; costal and inner margin straight ; outer margin obliquely rounded ; veins 3 and 4 apart ; 5 from close to upper angle ; areole long and narrow ; 6 from beyond its centre ; 7 and 8 from end of areole ; 10 from just before end. Secondaries short and broad ; costal margin straight, apex rounded, outer margin straight to vein 2 then rounded ; vein 5 very weak. Type. Anita basipuncta, Schs. Basipuncta, Schs., sp. nov., t. xi, f. 8. Amita basipuncta, sp. nov. Palpi creamy in front. Head and thorax brown ; white tufts at base of antenne. Abdomen light brown. Primaries above median vein whitish, below it light brown ; outer portion of veins from sub- median to vein 6 dark brown ; a large velvety-brown spot at base of costa and cell. Secondaries white thickly speckled with light brown. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela. Revision of the American Notodontide. 333 CoLax. Colax, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., 141, 1513 (1816). Antennz pectinated in both sexes on basal two-thirds. Palpi hairy, hardly extending beyond frons. Head tufted at base of antennz. Primaries: costal ‘margin convex on outer half; apex acute ; outer margin straight from apex to vein 5, then oblique, shghtly concave in ¢ to inner angle; areole absent; vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6-10 stalked, 10 from before 7. Secondaries : veins 3 and 4 apart; 6 and 7 stalked ; 5 absent; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. C. apulus, Cr. Apulus, Cr. (Sphinx), Pap. Exot., i, t. 88, f. HE. (1779). Phocus, Schs. (Hapigia), P. Z. S., 1892, p. 340. HEMICERAS. Hemiceras, Guen., sp. gen., Lep. Noct., 11, p. 379 (1852). Eeregma, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xu, p. 966 (1857). Comidava, Walk., 1. c., xxvi, p. 1695 (1862). Epicoria, Walk., |. ¢., xxxiu, p. 852 (1865). Gadiana, Walk., |. c., p. 854 (1865). Salamboria, Walk., 1. c., p. 855 (1865). Hulophopteryx, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wein, xxvii, p. 684 (1878). Antenne pectinated for half their length in male; simple or fasciculate in female. Palpi extending beyond frons, smooth ; second joint long ; third joint short. Primaries: vein 5 from near upper angle of cell ; 6 from middle of areole ; 7, 8, 10 from end of areole, Secondaries : vein 5 absent ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Male usually with glandular spot at end of vein 2. Type. H. pallidula, Guen. Pallidula, Guen., 1. c., p. 381 (1852). Lrnea, Guen., |. ¢., p. 381 (1852). Trinubila, Guen., |. c., p. 382 (1852). Lotula, Guen., |. c. (1852). Pulverula, Guen., 1. c. (1852). Indistans, Guen., |. ¢., p. 383 (1852). Cadmia, Guen., |. c. (1852) = obliguilinea, Walk. (Comi- dava), l. c., xxvi, p. 1695 (1862). Barima, Guen., lc. p. 383 (1852) = Lllucens, Walk, 1.c., xxxill, p. 852 (1865). Sigula, Guen., l. c., p. 8384 (1852). 304 Mr. W. Schaus’s Violascens, Guen., |. c. (1852). Vimicosta, Guen., |. c. (1852). Sabis, Guen., l.c., p. 385 (1852)= Ama, Druce, P. Z. &., 1890; poll. Meona, Cr., Pap. Exot., iv, t. 358, f. B; larva: Stoll; t.-33, Tha Lissa, Druce, |. c. (1890). Losa, Druce, |. c. (1890). Levana, Druce, |. c., p. 512 (1890). Plusiata, Feld., Reise Nov., t. 97, f. 11 (1874). Transducta, Walk. (Ecregma), |. c., xu, p. 967 (1857). Sparsipenmis, Walk., lc, p. 972 (1857) = Canosparsa, Walk. (Epicoria), |. ¢., xxxiu, p. 853 (1865). Metastigma, Walk., |. c., xii, p. 974 (1857). Leucospila, Walk., 1. c. (1857). Deornata, Walk. (Epicoria), |. c., xxxiil, p. 853 (1865). Gemina, Walk. (Epicoria), |. ¢. (1865). Walkeri, Schs., Nom, Nov. = Deornata (preoccupied), Walk. (Salamboria), l. c., p. 855 (1865). Rufescens, Walk. (Gadiana), |. ¢., p. 854 (1865). Alba, Walk. |. c., xxxiu, p. 851 (1865). Obliquicola, Walk. (Comidava), l.c., xxvi, p. 1696 (1862). Subochraceum, Walk., Char. Lep. Het., p. 184 (1866) = Mora, Druce, Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., i, p. 251 (1887). Plana, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 34. Striolata, Butl., 1. c. (1879). Modesta, Butl. (Hicregma), |. c. (1879). Splendens, Moschl. (Kulophopteryx), 1. c., p. 684 (1878). Albulana, Druce (Comidava), |. c., 1, p. 252 (1887). Fuzz, Dogn., Le Naturaliste, 1889, p. 25; Lep. de Loja, t.rOs El. Punctata, Dogn., |. c., t. 6, f 2. Carmelita, Mssn. Stiib. Reis. Sud. Am., p. 148, t. 7, f. 4 (1890). Postica, Mssn., |. c., t. vil, f. 3 (1890). Tulola, Schs., sp. nov. Strrata, Schs., sp. nov. Vecina, Schs., sp. nov. A roensis, Schs., sp. nov. Serana, Schs., sp. nov. Brunnea, Schs., sp. nov. Nigriguita, Schs., sp. nov. Ovalis, Schs., sp. nov. i i i i ie“ Revision of the American Notodontide. 335 Bilinea, Schs., sp. nov. Pagana, Schs., sp. nov. Nubilata, Schs., sp. nov. Punctilla, Schs., sp. nov. Quebra, Schs., sp. nov. Velva, Schs. sp. nov. Nigricosta, Schs., sp. nov., t. xu, f. 10. Nigrescens, Schs., sp. nov., t. xii, f. 9. Sericita, Schs., sp. nov. Femiceras tulola, sp. nov. Head with whitish tufts. Thorax and abdomen brownish-grey. Primaries brownish-grey ; lines fine, black ; the inner line wavy, outwardly oblique from costa to inner margin; outer line linear on inner margin, otherwise punctiform, straight from costa near apex to inner margin at a third from angle; an indistinct dark shade in cell. Secondaries light brown, whitish towards the base. Inner margin of primaries slightly sinuous. Expanse 37 m.m. Hab. CASTRO, Parana. Allied to A. lotula, Gn. Hemaceras striata, sp. nov. d. Head and thorax greyish-brown ; collar and abdomen dorsally reddish-brown ; abdomen and thorax below greyish. Primaries greyish-brown speckled with olivaceous scales ; the veins dark olive- brown, interrupted by the transverse lines; the inner line slightly oblique ; the outer line from the costal margin near the apex to middle of inner margin ; both lines reddish-brown inwardly shaded with olive and outwardly with testaceous; the inner margin is nearly straight and slightly excised at the base; fringe olive-brown. Secondaries white, the veins and outer margin reddish-brown, the fringe white ; no opaque spot. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. Nova FrisuraGo, Brazil. FTemiceras vecina, sp. nov. Body reddish-grey above, testaceous below. Primaries light reddish- brown thickly mottled with white scales ; the two linesare fine, dark reddish-brown, outwardly shaded with ochreous and white; the inner line nearly straight ; the outer line from close to apex on 336 Mr. W. Schaus’s costal margin to middle of inner margin ; a subterminal darker shading ; fringe dark brown ; a darker oblique line at the end of the cell, The inner margin is slightly toothed near the base. Second- aries light brown, the opaque spot of the same colour; the fringe whitish. Expanse 35-42 m.m. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela; JALAPA, ORIZABA, Mexico. Allied to H. cadmia, Gn. Hemiceras aroensis, sp. nov. Frontal tuft white, palpi and thorax reddish fawn-colour, some lilacine scales on tegule. Abdomen above fawn-colour, underneath yellowish. Primaries toothed at middle of inner margin and at inner angle, fawn-colour tinged with lilacine from base to outer line ; the inner line wavy, very fine and indistinct ; the outer line from apex to sinus on inner margin, dark brown shading to lighter brown outwardly, and marked by dark streaks on the veins; a minute dark point on subcostal above the cell ; fringe not darker than the outer margin. Secondaries white, the veins and outer margin narrowly, and opaque spot, light reddish-brown ; fringe white. Expanse 35 m.m Hab. AROA, Venezuela. Hemiceras serana, sp. nov. Body fawn-colour above, creamy-yellow below. Primaries with a single tooth near the base, pale fawn-colour ; the inner line fine, hardly perceptible, marked by three black points on veins; the outer line from costa near apex to middle of inner margin, fine reddish-brown, outwardly shaded with yellowish and marked by minute black points on the veins ; a dark point in the cell; fringe reddish-brown. Secondaries white ; veins, outer margin narrowly, and opaque spot light reddish-brown ; fringe white. Expanse 35 m.m. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela. Hemiceras brunnea, sp. nov. Body light violaceous-brown ; top of the head white. Primaries with the inner margin slightly sinuate, excised at the base, brown faintly speckled with greyish scales ; an inner and an outer row of black points on the veins connected by an indistinct rufous shade ; ae See ae Revision of the American Notodontide. 337 the inner rowoblique to median vein, then straight to inner margin ; the outer row from costa near apex parallel to outer margin to vein 3, then curved inwardly to inner margin ; an oblique dark shade in the cell. Secondaries light brown, whitish at the base and darker along the outer margin ; fringe testaceous. No opaque spot. Expanse ¢ 45 m.m. Hab. COCHABAMBA, Bolivia. Fenmiceras nigrigutta, sp. nov. Top of head white, otherwise and also thorax reddish-brown. Abdomen above dark violaceous-brown, underneath creamy yellow. Primaries with the inner margin straight, slightly excised at base, dull brown ; the inner line slightly curved from costa to inner margin, fine yellowish, outwardly spotted with black points on the veins ; the outer line similar, with the black points placed in- wardly, from the costa at four-fifth fram the base, slightly curved and parallel to the outer margin ; a black spot in the cell, inwardly surmounted by a smailer black spot. Secondaries whitish-fawn colour, with the outer margin darker ; the opaque spot large and dark. Expanse 46 m.m. Hab. COCHABAMBA, Bclivia. Hemuceras ovalis, sp. nov. Head and thorax pale grey ; abdomen above light brown, under- neath white. Primaries with the inner margin slightly rounded, silvery-grey, slightly speckled with darker scales; a basal, inner, and outer fine transverse lunular lines, light brownish marked by a darker speck on the veins ; a large oval yellowish spot in the cell, crossed by the inner line. The outer margin broadly darker grey. Secondaries white with the veins and outer margin brownish ; tip of the fringe whitish. Underneath the wings are white; the costal half of the primaries reddish-brown. The opaque spot dark brown or light grey. Expanse 44 m.m. Hab. Nova FrripurGo, Brazil. Femiceras bilinea, sp. nov. Body violaceous-brown above, yellowish below. Primaries red- dish-brown, the veins powdered with greyish scales; the inner line straight ; the outer line from close to apex to middle of inner margin ; TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND, 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 23 338 Mr. W. Schaus’s both lines dark olivaceous-brown, the inner line inwardly, the outer line outwardly shaded with ochreous ; some indistinct subterminal shadings ; two blackish spots in the cell, sometimes confluent. The inner margin is slightly toothed near the base. Secondaries brown. Expanse 40 m.m. Hab. JALAPA, Mexico. Hemiceras pagana, sp. nov. Head and thorax greyish. Abdomen reddish-brown above, testa- ceous below. Primaries rather long and narrow ; the outer margin very obliquely rounded; inner margin sinuous. Primaries fawn- colour, finely speckled with dark grey, especially in the median space; a large black spot at the end of cell; the lines indistinct ; the inner line wavy oblique ; the outer line irregular punctiform, fol- lowed by some dark shades at apex. Secondaries white, the veins and outer margin narrowly reddish-brown; the glandular patch prominent. Expanse 45 m.m. Hab. PARAGUAY. Hemiceras nubslata, sp. nov. Head and thorax light reddish-brown. Abdomen testaceous. Primaries reddish-brown, the median space darker, being thickly speckled with grey and lilacine scales ; the inner line faint, dark grey, oblique from costa to median vein, then slightly wavy to inner margin; the outer line punctiform, inwardly oblique from costa to vein 3, then slightly wavy to inner margin and nearer the base; a reddish shade on outer portion of line on inner margin, a dark shade on outer margin between veins 2 and 4; a dark spot in cell. Secondaries light reddish-brown palest at the base. Expanse 2 44 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. Allied to H. metastigma, Walk., but altogether darker and the inner margin of primaries straighter; described feOnN EL ais Oe Hemiceras punctilla, sp. nov. d.- Head with a white spot between antenne ; the base of antennz white ; the collar and thorax light reddish-brown, the former edged with dark scales. Primaries with inner margin excised before angle, Revision of the American Notodontide. 339 light reddish-brown ; some black scales at the base; the inner line black, wavy, broken; the outer line wavy, black, parallel to outer margin and most heavily marked on costa and inner margin ; a dark reddish-brown spot in cell, preceded on subcostal vein by a small black spot. Secondaries white the veins darker, and some reddish- brown scales on outer margin; the glandular patch small reddish- brown. Expanse 40 m.m. Hab. ARoA, Venezuela. Hemiceras quebra, sp. nov. Inner margin of primaries sinuous. Body reddish-brown ; abdo- men below testaceous. Primaries reddish-brown ; the lines faint, punctiform, black ; the outer line from vein 2 to inner margin further from outer margin than the rest of line. A faint dark spot in cell. Secondaries reddish-brown, whitish at the base and in disc. Expanse 42 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. Described from two f @. Hemaceras velva, sp. nov. Abdomen testaceous ; head, thorax and primaries pale violaceous- brown ; the lines faintly traced and punctiform; the outer line parallel to outer margin from costa to submedian vein, followed by a faintly darker shade between veins 3 and 4; an indistinct dark spot in cell. Secondaries very white, the tips of veins and outer margin narrowly reddish-brown. The inner margin of primaries straight. Expanse 39 m.m. Hab. Arosa, Venezuela. Described from three ¢ f, one @. Hemiceras nigricosta, sp. nov. Head reddish-brown, posteriorly white. Thorax reddish-brown. Abdomen dark brown above, pale brown below. Primaries reddish- brown, the space between the lines somewhat violaceous; the costa black speckled with white ; the inner line dark, curved from costa to inner margin ; the outer line consisting of dark lunular shades ; a dark oblique line at the end of the cell, and a darker shade beyond 340 Mr. W. Schaus’s the outer line between veins 3 and 4; the inner margin deeply excised before angle. Secondaries dull brown. Expanse 2 53 m.m. Hab. Costa. Rica. HHemiceras nigrescens, sp. Nov. Head and collar anteriorly reddish-brown ; white tufts at base of antennze and on head posteriorly. Thorax and abdomen above violaceous-brown, underneath testaceous. Primaries violaceous- black, the base somewhat reddish ; the outer margin brown ; a dark shade from the cell crossing the outer line to the brown outer margin ; the lines dark reddish-brown ; the inner line oblique from costa to median vein, then wavy to inner margin ; the outer line, straight, lunular followed at apex by some whitish scales; inner margin deeply excised before angle. Secondaries very dark brown above, testaceous below. Expanse ¢ 39 m.m.; ? 45 m.m. Hab. Costa Rica. Hemiceras sericita. Head and thorax violaceous-brown. Collar reddish-brown. Some white hairs at base of antenne and on vertex. Abdomen dull brown. Primaries silky violaceous-brown ; basal third of costa and an inner shade from costa, narrowing to a point on submedian vein, reddish- brown ; a reddish-brown oblique streak at end of cell; the outer margin broadly reddish-brown, limited by a dark brown line from costa, near apex, where it is preceded by some white scales, straight to vein 2, then curved inwardly to excision on inner margin; a deep lobe on inner margin between base and excision. Secondaries light brown, palest at the base. Expanse 44 m.m, Hab. COLOMBIA. Henaceras pallidula, Gauen. Larva. Length 1-1} inches. Head large and prominent, yellow except lower third which is black. First segment smaller than the others, yellow with a conspicuous black transverse band. Body rich maroon with two dorsal yellow bands which terminate on segment 11 in a large subdorsal bright red tubercle ; laterally are three white lines, on the lowest of which are the black stigmz ; these lnes continue to segment 12; the posterior portion of segment 11, the 12th dorsally Revision of the American Notodontide. 341 and anterior portion of 13th, white ; lower portion of segment 13 black ; prolegs black; underneath and abdominal legs reddish ; anal feet black. August 20th formed a thin cocoon in leaves drawn together ; emerged September 11th. Pupa #? of an inch in length, rather elongated, smooth, dull reddish-brown. HAPIGIA. Hapigia, Guen., Noct., u, p. 375 (1852). Corymbia, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxiu, p. 765 (1865). Antenne ciliate. Palpi extending beyond frons, the second joint hairy. Primaries: apex acute ; outer margin rounded, very oblique vein 5 from middle of discocellular ; 6—10 stalked ; 3 and 4 close together. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 form a point; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 connected with 7 by a bar towards base of cell. In H. obliqua, Walk., vein 5 on primaries is from above middle of discocellular. | Type. H. nodicornis, Guen. Nodicornis, Guen., |. c., 376 (1852). Obliqua, Walk. (Corymbia), Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xxxiii, p. 766 (1865), erroneously described from India. Smerinthoides, Walk. (Corymbia), l.c., p. 765 (1865). Simplex, Walk. (Corymbia), l.c., p. 766 (1865). Raatz, Moschl. (Chliara), Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien., Xxxll, p. 350 (1883)= Arbber, Druce (Hapigia), Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 1, p. 244, t. xxv, f. 8 (1887). Accypiter, Schs., P. Z.S., 1892, p. 340. Abscondens, Walk. (Crino), |. c¢., xiv, p. 1847 (1858), nec fig. Biologia. Ltufescens, Schs., sp. nov. Hapigia rufescens. Head and thorax reddish-brown. Abdomen greyish-brown, Primaries reddish-brown ; an indistinct greyish basal line ; the inner line represented by greyish spots on veins; the outer line dark reddish-brown, slightly curved ; subterminal blackish spots in pairs between the veins, one above the other, those at apex shaded with white and coalescent ; these spots preceded by a dark brown wavy shade; a silvery white crescent in cell, surmounted by a 342 Mr. W. Schaus’s round silver spot. Secondaries: buff on costal margin; light blackish-brown outwardly. Expanse 48 m.m. Hab. AROA, Venezuela. CHLIARA. Chliara, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xii, p. 938 (1857). Autographa, Hiibn., Verz. Bek. Schmett., p. 251 (partim). Antenne ciliate, not nodose at base. Palpi upturned; second joint hairy ; third joint short, smooth, conical. Primaries: apex acute ; outer margin rounded, oblique. Vein 5 from middle of dliscocellular ; 6 from upper angle or just beyond it ; 7—10 stalked. Secondaries ; veins 3 and 4 from a point ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type. C. cresus, Cr. Cresus, Cr. (Phalzena), Pap. Exot., 11, t. 142, f. c. (1780) = Cresa, Hiibn. (Autographa), |. c., p. 251 =Jmperialis, Walk. ley p08" (i307): Moneta, Feld., Reise Nov., t. xevi, f. 7 (1874). Notha, Moschl., Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxii, p. 350, t. 18, £. 38 (1883). ANTHEA. Antwa, Hiibn., Verz. Bek. Schmett., p. 266 (1816). Caroia, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., B. M. xv, p. 1791 and 1861 (185 8). Antennee fasciculate. Palpi upturned; second joint, hairy, elliptical ; third joint long, smooth. Primaries: apex acute ; outer margin rounded, oblique, partly crenulate ; vein 5 from just above middle of discocellular ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7—10 stalked. Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 from a.point; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. Antxa juturna, Cr. Juturna, Cr., Pap. Exot., 1, t. 129, f. E. (1780). Licormas, Cr., 1. c, i, t. 74, f. E. (1779)= Bombycoides (Caroia), Walk., lL. c., p. 1792 (1858). Pseudhapigia, gen. nov. Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi not extending beyond frons ; second joint hairy; third minute. Primaries: apex acute ; outer margin rounded, oblique; inner angle rounded ; inner margin excised; vein 5 from middle of discocellular; 6—10 stalked. Revision of the American Notodontide. 345 Secondaries: veins 3 and 4 slightly apart; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 diverging from 7 at middle of cell. Type. P. brunnea, Schs. BSrunnea, Schs., sp. nov. Xolotl, Schs. (Hapigia), P.Z.8., 1892, p. 339; Biol. Centr. Amer. Lep. Het., 11, t. xci, f. 19. Pseudhapigia brunnea, sp. nov. ¢. Antenne pectinated to tips. Head and thorax reddish-brown ; abdomen lighter brown. Primaries reddish-brown, the costa greyish ; a basal and an inner transverse greyish line, the latter outwardly oblique from costa; the outer line parallel to outer margin from costa to vein 2, then straight to inner margin, dark grey, inwardly shaded with violaceous ; a subterminal wavy black line preceded at apex by two silver spots; in the cell a small, followed by a larger irregular silvery spot finely edged with black. Secondaries greyish, palest at the base. The inner margin of primaries is slightly excised at its middle. Expanse 44 m.m. Hab. GUADALAJARA, Mexico. CANODIA. Canodia, Guen., Sp. Gen. Noct., ii, p. 877 (1852). Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi short not extending beyond frons. Primaries acute ; outer margin rounded, oblique; inner angle rounded ; inner margin straight. Type of Genus. C. carmelitoides, Guen. Carmelitoides, Guen., |. c., p. 378 (1852), pl. 12, f. 8. Difformis, H.8. (Canodea), Ausser.-Europ. Schmett, f. 132. These species are both unknown to me, and Difformis may possibly not be congeneric with Carmelitoides. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI. — Fig. 1. et Wel oy Ta es) mc aorIian a p w bv Tagela dentata, Schs. . Marthula quadrata, Walk. . Antiopha multilinea, Schs. . Tecmessa elegans, Schs. . Psorocampa denticilata, Schs. . Betola aroata, Schs. Gopha mixtipennis, Walk. . Nadwna lignea, Schs. . Pauluma nubila, Schs. . Hardingia roberti, Schs. . Salluca moruma, Schs. . Litodonta nigripuncta, Schs. . Goaxis singularis, Schs. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XII. ee o © OTD oP w DO & bead S . Afilia cinerea, Schs. . Nagidusa «xylocampoides, Walk. . Notela jaliscana, Schs. . Euharpyia comita, Schs. . Eunotela pallida, Schs. . Goacampa variabilis, Schs. . Kurtia modesta, Schs. Anita basipuncta, Schs. . Hemiceras nigrescens, Schs. ‘5 nigricosta, Schs. XIII. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc., in the British Coleoptera. By Horace St. Joun K. DONISTHORPE, F.Z.S. “So may the outward shows be least themselves ; The world is still deceiv’d with ornament.” Merchant of Venice. [Read June 5th, 1901.] IN writing a paper on this interesting subject it is not necessary for me to explain what is meant by “mimicry,” “protective resemblance,” or any of the phases connected with them, the work of such men as Bates, Fritz Miiller, Wallace, Trimen, Meldola, Poulton, and others having made them household words to all students of natural history. In this paper I merely wish to bring forward all such cases as appear to me to occur in-our British Coleoptera, and by doing so I hope to call attention to a subject which has been much neglected by Coleopterists. A certain amount of work has of course been done in Exotic Coleoptera, for instance Mr. Gahan’s paper on mimetic resemblances between species of the Coleopterous genera Lema and Diabrotica in our transactions (Trans. Ent. Soc., 1891, p. 367), Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall’s and Mr. R. Shelford’s papers in the Reports of the British Association at Bradford 1900, pp. 793 and 795 respectively. Furthermore Wallace, Poulton, and others record various cases in some of their writings, but the subject has not been as systematically dealt with as it has in the Lepidoptera. It seems to me a great pity that collectors send home beetles which are evidently mimics of ants, or wasps, etc., as the case may be, but without the species mimicked, or notes on the subject; whereas how much more valuable would be their consignments if they paid more attention to this branch of entomology. Men like Bates, Wallace and Belt never failed to note and record such interesting cases, because they were always on the look out for them. I also think it is a mistake that museums, even when the “mimics” and “mimicked” are sent home together, at once separate them into different cabinets, thus rendering the work of the future student of insect bionomics more TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART III. (SEPT.) 346 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on laborious and difficult. I have no doubt that many more cases than those recorded in the present paper could be noted and verified in our British list, if collectors would look out for them ; for every worker must meet with some special individual experience in the field. There are a certain number of cases in this paper which I bring forward with all due diffidence in the hope that experimental proof may be obtained. We require many more carefully devised experiments on the edibility or distastefulness of numerous species. I do not consider experiments with foreign birds in confinement a very satisfactory test, since first they are accustomed to be fed and expect to eat everything that is given to them, and secondly, they could never have seen a British insect in nature, and so would be inclined to attack it out of curiosity. Furthermore, being insectivorous and yet not regularly supplied with insect food or with a very monotonous insect diet they are likely to be less dis- criminating than in the wild state. Nevertheless they present certain points of special interest; for we can watch the effect of a new experience and test the efficiency of memory. I have used the terms “ procryptic,” “ apose- matic,’ etc., brought forward by Professor Poulton in his book on the colours of animals, to classify the species mentioned, and have followed, for convenience, the order adopted by Dr. Sharp and Canon Fowler in their 1893 catalogue of the British Coleoptera. I wish to express my thanks to all those friends, particu- larly Mr. W. Holland, of the Hope Department, Oxford University Museum, who have supplied me with material and helped me in this paper; but above all to Professor Poulton for his advice, help, and great kindness in assisting me in any difficulty. CARABIDA. Carabus. I would suggest that the black colour of some of the large dark-coloured species of Carabus such as C. violaceus, L., C. catenulatus, Scop., etc., is aposematic. I have no doubt that they are more or less distasteful as they possess a strong and most unpleasant smell, and have the power to discharge an acrid fluid. I remember picking up a specimen of C. violaceus on the Deal sand-hills .which shot this fluid into my eye, causing considerable pain. Professor Poulton points out that some African Carabidx Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 347 have large white spots on a black ground, which makes them very conspicuous. He suspects the acrid ejection is the character which defends them, together with their powerful mandibles. Nebria complanata, L. This large beetle which is very noticeable in a cabinet drawer, is by no means so in its natural environment. The colour, yellow with black stripes on the back, makes it very hard to see when partly covered by the sand in which it lives. This I experienced when searching for the beetle at Braunton Burrows. On being disturbed it rushes very quickly to hide itself again. Mr. Holland says, “When beaten from its hiding-places in the sands great sharpness is necessary if all the disturbed individuals are to be caught.” Llaphrus. All the species of Hlaphrus have rugged-elytra, and their metallic colour makes them almost invisible when motionless on the wet mud they frequent. This was especially noticeable in #. wliginosus, F., when in company with several other Coleopterists I found it in numbers at Lymington Salterns. The most successful results were obtained by tramping about on the mud and walking towards the water, when the beetles, running before us, were more easily seen. Clwina and Dyschirius. All the species of these genera are somewhat ant-like in appearance. Mr. Holland says “ the gregarious ones look at first sight hke a company of ants.” It may be worth while to mention that Crowther recorded in the Entomo- logist’s Monthly Magazine (Vol. xv, 1878, p. 19), the occurrence of Clivina fossor in numbers with Lasius flavus. Broscus cephalotes, L. This is a fairly large black beetle and is found on the coast, where it burrows in the sand, and hides under stones and refuse. When frightened it often puts itself into the most extraordinary attitudes, its legs stretched 348 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on out quite stiff in all directions, and remains immovable for a long time. This is one of the very many instances in Coleoptera of so-called “feigning death.’ To be motionless is a great protection, as moving things are seen more easily; moreover, predacious creatures as a rule prefer their prey to be alive. As Mr. Holland points out, “Beetles often lie dead in the road unnoticed by anything but the scavenger ant.” Panageus crux-major, L., and P. quadripustulatus, Stm. These beetles are coloured bright orange-red with a very conspicuous black cross on the back, which suggests that they may be examples of warning colours and distasteful, but of course experiments to prove this are required. Chlenius vestitus, Payk. Mr. Holland says that this beetle looks bright and conspicuous enough in the drawer, but when disturbed from its cracks in the sandstone, its pale patch and legs, and pale silky coat shining in the sun, make it very inconspicuous. Amara fulva, De}. This species is only found in sandy places where it hides itself under stones and half buries itself in the sand, its yellow colour harmonising well with its surroundings. Bembidium paludosum, Panz., Tachypus pallipes, Duft., and 7’. flavipes, L. These beetles are protected in the same manner as the species of Hlaphrus ; they also possess rugged metallic coats and frequent muddy or shingly banks of rivers and other wet places. Aépus marinus, Strom and A. robinit, Lab. These little beetles are found under stones and boulders among sand and shingle below high-water mark. They are just the colour of the sand, and it is difficult to detect them, as I have experienced in the case of both species at Lymington. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Minucry, ete. 349 Lebia cyanocephala, L., and L. chlorocephala, Hoff. These beetles have a very “ Phytophaga”-like appear- ance. They occur at the roots of broom, juniper, etc., and also on the blossoms. My friend Mr. Bouskell took a series of LZ. cyanocephala in the New Forest by beating broom in flower. Mr. Gahan tells me that the Central American Lebiine have a strongly-marked resemblance to Phytophaga and Coccinellide, and that a closely-allied group has been called Galerucidiine from its resemblance to the Galerucide. The whole group of Phytophaga are extensively mimicked in all countries, and many of them are known to be distasteful. Demetrias unipunctatus, Germ. This beetle is coloured so as to be very well concealed in the sand in which it lives. Drypta dentata, Rossi. This species is of a brilliant metallic blue colour and might be easily mistaken for one of the Phytophaga. Brachinus crepitans, L. B. crepitans is protected by its “guns.” Mr. Holland says, “It may also be protected by being gregarious and looking something hike the big wood-ant. My brother once picked up a large stone in a wood-clearing on the chalk hills, and hurriedly called Mr. Hamm and me to come and look—there were between one and two hundred crepitans under that one stone, looking hke a colony of ants. A number like this is very unusual, but it is a common thing to find a dozen or so under a stone in the same place.” It is noteworthy that both the ant and the beetle defend themselves by ejecting acid. DyYTISCIDA. As my friend Mr. W. E. Sharp pointed out to me, the prevailing sub-aquatic colours vary through a very short scale from dull green, olive-green, yellow-green, to yellow-brown and brown. These are the colours of nearly all denizens of water, particularly so in the water-beetles. This is not surprising, as they require perhaps more 350 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on protection than land species, being in a more confined space and liable to the attack of such voracious creatures as fish. Laccophilus. The colours of the species of this genus fall within the above scale. Their ground-colour is broken up by flecks of yellow. Agabus nebulosus, Forst. and A. conspersus, Marsh. In these two beetles the ground-colour is broken up by specks of black. Dytiscus. The species of this genus are of an olive-green colour with yellow margins to the thorax and elytra. Acilrvus. In Acilius we find a similar linear arrangement of yellow margins. HYDROPHILID&. Helophorus. All the species of this genus have rough uneven upper surfaces and are no doubt protected in the same manner as the species of Hlaphrus, when on the wet mud and margins of pools, ete. Spheridium scarabeoides, F., and S. bipustulatum, F. Mr. Holland says of this genus, “the spotted species look like lady-birds.” This would be of service to them as the Coccinellide are known to be distasteful and are mimicked by many groups. Cercyon. Of this genus, which mostly live in dung, Mr. Holland suggests, “‘The red apex to the elytra of all the species probably acts as a protection. When a cow-pad is dis- turbed and the Cercyon laid bare, they dive at once head first, thus exposing the posterior part, which is reddish, like the dung.” Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. 351 STAPHYLINIDA. Atemeles. Father Wasmann says of Zomechusa strumosa, which is very like an Atemeles but larger (and the following remarks will equally apply to our two species of Atemeles), that the similarity between the beetle and the ant depends more on deceptive reflexions of light, than upon real similarity of form. He points out that the beetle lives in the midst of the ants, and though away from them it does not in the least suggest the appearance of an ant, when it sits in their midst, the light reflected by the concave sides of the thorax appears to the eye like the narrow back of the ant, while the rolled-up abdomen of the beetle reflects the light in the same way as the rounded abdomen of a large ant. Consequently it is very difficult to detect them in their normal environment. Myrmedonia collaris, Payk. When I took this beetle in numbers, with its host Myrmica lxvinodis, in Wicken Fen, I also took with it several specimens of an ichneumon, Jicrocryptus nigro- cinctus, Grav. (9s). Both beetle and ichneumon are coloured in the same way, being banded alternately black and red, and much resembled each other when running on the paper. Mr. Morley tells me “the coloration is decidedly unusual in an ichneumonid.” On the other hand, the colour of the beetle is also entirely different from that of the rest of our species. This may be a ease of true mimicry of the beetle for the ichneumon, but the fact that they both have a superficial resemblance to the ants might indirectly account for their mutual similarity. Myrmedonia funesta, Grav. This beetle, which is found in and about the nests of the jet ant, Laswws fuliginosus, is very like its host in appearance ; the resemblance being caused, as pointed out by Father Wasmann, by its glossy black colour, narrow shape, and rolled-up abdomen. When disturbed its second line of defence consists (Gn common with all the other species of Myrmedonia and indeed with very many other species of Coleoptera) in curling itself up; when remaining 352 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on motionless for some time, it looks like a small lump of earth. Astilbus canaliculatus, F. This beetle also has a strong superficial resemblance to an ant, especially when running. It is generally found with ants, and may accompany a variety of species of these Hymenoptera. Sipalia testacea, Bris., Arena octavit, Fauv., Phytosus balticus, Kr., and P. nigriventris, Chevr. These small beetles occur under sea-weed on the sea- shore and are so coloured as to escape detection amongst the sand. Emus hirtus, L. This large beetle, though very rare in England, is common on the Continent. It is clothed with golden hair like a humble bee, and altogether has a general Hymenopterous and dangerous look. Mr. A. Luff when recording its capture in Alderney (Ent. Mo. Mag., xxxvi, p. 237) says, ‘‘ Rye says it resembles a humble bee in flight, but Mr. Marquand says it looked more like a wasp, only with the peculiar flight of a beetle.” Ocypus olens, Miill. This beetle has the habit, in common with most of the Staphylinidx, of turning up the tail in a formidable-looking manner when molested as if it could sting. This is one of the examples pointed out by Wallace (Darwinism, p. 210). It can also bite severely, and possesses two white “ stink glands” which are exerted from the apex of the abdomen when the insect is irritated. Stilicus fragilis, Grav. All the species of Stzlicws, more especially S. fragilis, have a very ant-lhke appearance. S. fragilis has a red thorax, and when it occurs at all, is to be found in numbers in faggot-stacks, etc. I have taken it freely at. Shirley, and when beaten out on to a paper the beetles remind one most forcibly of the wood-ant Formica rufa. They also have the habit of appearing on the top of a heap of faggot Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. 3538 refuse in the sun, when they look like a crowd of ants on the top of an ant-hill. Stenus. Mr. Holland suggests that the whole genus Stenus is protected in the mud and wet places by the rough rugged dorsal surface, much in the same way as Hlaphrus. Oxyporus rufus, L. This is a very conspicuous beetle of a bright red and black colour, suggesting a “warning” or “aposematic ” appearance. It feeds on certain species of fungi. Of course experiments are needed to prove its inedibility. Micralymma brevipenne, Gyll. This small beetle occurs under stones, and under sea- weed on large boulders below high-water mark. Canon Fowler writes (Col. Brit. Isles, Vol. 11. p. 408): “I have taken it a long way below high-water mark at Ventnor running on stones in the sun in company with a species of Thysanura which it probably preys on, and larger species of which it rather strongly resembles at a little distance.” This may be a case of Aggressive Mimicry (Pseudepisematic), the beetle feeding on the Thysanura, or perhaps the Thysanura is distasteful and the beetle mimics it, in which case it would be Protective Mimicry (Pseudaposematic), but more evidence is required before any certain conclusion can be reached. SILPHIDZ. Necrophorus. All the yellow-banded species of Necrophorus are very conspicuous and are probably distasteful, especially as they are carrion feeders. Probably also they are protected by possessing the characteristic banding of so many species of wasps. Stilpha quadripwnctata, L. This species has different habits from all the rest of the genus, as it lives on oak trees and hunts for lepidopterous larvee. It is also coloured differently, being yellow with four black spots on the elytra, and is perhaps protected by looking like a large lady-bird. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (SEPT.) 24 B54 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on HISTERID. All the species of this family are protected by their oval shape and hardness. They also“ feign death,” when the legs and antenne are packed close to the body, being withdrawn into cavities fitted for their reception. ister quadrimaculatus, L., H. purpurascens, Herbst., and H. bimaculatus, L. These species, which are spotted with red, are probably protected by their resemblance to Coccinellide. Of course, as in many other examples of mimicry, they may also be distasteful on their own account, affording instances of Miillerian mimicry (Synaposematic Resemblance). Saprinus virescens, Payk. This beetle bears a strong superficial resemblance to the Phytophagous beetle Phedon cochlearix, F., on the larve of which it feeds. The Phedon is very common and lives on mustard, watercress, etc., the Saprinws is much rarer. It is probably an advantage to the Saprinus to mimic a distasteful Phytophagous beetle and so be passed over by birds, etc., whilst it feeds on its prey. This example is beautifully shown in a show-case in the Natural History Museum. SCAPHIDID&. Scaphidium quadrimaculatum, Ol. This beetle has four red spots on the elytra and is probably protected in the same way as the red-spotted Histers. CoccINELLID. All the lady-birds are very gaily-coloured, red and yellow spotted with black and white. They boldly walk about without any attempt at concealment, as do also their larvee. Both their larve and pupe are also brightly spotted. The distastefulness of the perfect insects was proved by Jenner Wier, and has since been confirmed by both Poulton and Wallace. ENDOMYCHID. Dr. Sharp says (Camb. Nat. Hist., Insects, Pt. ii. p. 237) that many Coccinellide are mimicked by HLndomychide. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 355 This is in all probability Miillerian mimicry, as_ the Endomychide are themselves much mimicked by other groups. Alexia pilifera, Miill. This little beetle is very like the wingless form of the small bug Myrmedobia coleoptrata, Fall. Douglas says in the “ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine” (Ent. Mo. Mag., 1874-5, p. 188)—“ I. coleoptrata was found on a bank at Highgate in company with small black ants, but not in their nests. Neither sex is like an ant, and the apterous 2 resembles the Coleopterous Alexia pilifera which was found at the same time and place.” Many of the bugs are known to be distasteful, and moreover the bug in question is found in and about ants’ nests, which evidently do not harm it, so it may be an advantage to the beetle to resemble the bug. Endomychus coccineus, L, This beetle is of a bright red colour spotted with black and bears a strong resemblance to a lady-bird. EROTYLIDZ. Triplax russica, L., and 7’. enea, Schall. These two beetles, the one black, the other blue, with a red thorax, look very much like species of Phytophaga. Cyrtotriplax bipustulata, F. This little species is black with a red spot on each elytron and might easily be mistaken for a lady-bird. NITIDULIDZ. Soronia punctatissima, Ill, 8. grisea, L., and Amphotis marginata, Kr. These three beetles frequent trees where they are found under, and in chinks of the bark, ete. The first two species occur on “ cossus” trees, and the last on trees infested by the ant Lasius fuliginosus. They are flat insects, coloured like flakes of bark, which they would resemble when at rest on the tree-trunks, 356 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on Omosita. Our three species of Omosita live on old bones, half- dried-up carcases, etc. Their colours are well adapted to harmonise with their environment. Melrgethes. Mr. Holland suggests that the genus Meligethes and its allies, and in fact all the small flower-frequenting species, might well be passed over as anthers on the stamens of the flowers. Ips. Our three species of Jps are all black insects spotted with yellow and may suggest Coccinellidz. TROGOSITIDE. Thymalus limbatus, F. This insect is found on boleti on trees and under bark where boleti occur. It has always a mouldy appearance and never looks like a live beetle, but rather like a bit of mouldy bark, or patch of mould. Its shape, when sitting flat against the tree, also increases this resemblance. CoLYDIID&. Cicones variegatus, Hellw. This small beetle lives on tree-trunks among dry powdery black fungi, and its variegated colour renders it indistinguishable from its surroundings. In the New Forest I have found that the best way to take it is, to scrape the parts of trees which seemed most favourable over paper, and then minutely to examine the débris, MONOTOMIDA. Monotoma conicicollis, Aubé,and WM. formicetorum, Thoms. These two beetles, which live in the nest of the wood- ant, Formica rufa, closely resemble little bits of wood, and this renders them very difficult to detect when motionless amongst the débris of the nest. Father Wasmann sug- gests that by this means they are protected from the ants themselves, . cr eT ee ee ee eee ee Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 357 MYCETOPHAGIDA. Mycetophagus quadripustulatus, L. This species has four yellow spots on the elytra, and Mr. Holland suggests that it is probably protected by its resemblance to a lady-bird. DERMESTIDZ. Dermestes murinus, L. ° Mr. Holland points out that the colour of this species is well adapted for concealment in the fur of dead moles, and in his experience it is generally found on that animal. I personally have found it most frequently on stoats, when it is by no means inconspicuous. This is just one of those cases where experiment is required to settle the matter. I am inclined to think that being a carrion-feeder it is distasteful, and certainly at Chidding- fold, where the insect was very plentiful on the dead stoats hung up on trees by the gamekeepers, the beetles were about for months and I never saw birds, or anything else, interfering with them. Dermestes lardarius, L. Mr. Holland considers this beetle is coloured so as to represent “bird droppings.” BYRRHID&. Byrrhus pilula, L. All the species of this genus, which are called “ pill- beetles,” “feign death” when disturbed. The legs and antennee are packed close to the body, fitting imto cavities for their reception, and the beetles then represent rabbits’ dung’, or little lumps of earth: they in no way suggest the appearance of living beetles. When I mentioned this to Mr. Holland, he told me that he takes several species near Oxford, among the rabbit dung, round the roots of “tussocks ” of grass, where rabbits have been feeding ; and that they are certainly well protected in such situations. GEORYSSIDA. Georyssus pygmaeus, FF, This little beetle, which is found on the wet mud in 358 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on damp ditches, etc., is always completely covered by a coating of mud, and when motionless is of course quite invisible. It is very curious, when one is looking for it, to see what is apparently a bit of mud get up and walk away. This is one of the best instances of adventitious protection (Allocryptic Resemblance) we possess in our Coleoptera. HETEROCERID. Heterocerus. 7 Mr. Holland considers that the species of this genus are well protected, on the wet mud in which they live, by their “silky coats” which harmonise well with their sur- roundings and render them very inconspicuous. SCARABHIDE. Onthophagus. All the species of this genus live in and about dung, and are of a colour which conceals them well in these surroundings. Aphodius. Mr. Holland says, “The genus Aphodius are chiefly coloured like Cercyon, and have the same protective habits except that they are less active.” Some of them are entirely red or brown. The large black species “feign death.” They nearly all occur in dung. Geotrupes. The species of this genus also “feign death.” I have noticed this in particular with G’. vernalis which I used to capture on Wimbledon Common. I once picked up what I thought was a dead specimen and was agreeably sur- prised to find that it was very much alive. Hoplia philanthus, Fiiss., Homaloplia ruricola, F., and Serica brunnea, L. Mr. Holland suggests that these beetles are all, more or less, like brown leaf scales, or bits of brown leaf, etc. Lhizotrogus solstitralis, L. Mr. Holland considers that this beetle is protected by Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. 359 its hairy coat which resembles lichen-covered branches, etc. It hides during the day and comes out and flies about at dusk, a habit common to many of the Melolonthina. Melolontha vulgaris, F., and MW. happocostani, F. Mr. Holland says, “ Big as they are, they are very incon- spicuous in the lichen-covered hawthorn trees they so largely frequent. Even in the beating-tray where they ‘feign death’ at first, their mealy brown backs look like a bit of lichen-covered bark.” Judging from the remains one finds about, it is probable that they are both palat- able and much attacked. Anomala frischu, F. Mr. Holland considers this beetle is protected in the ‘same way as Hoplia philanthus ete. Cetonia aurata, L. Mr. Holland well describes the protection of this species. He says, “ Cetonia aurata looks a most conspicuous object in a drawer, but look for it where it loves to be, with its head and forepart buried in a flower-head of Viburnum opulus, the projecting hind part slashed with wavy whitish marks like pollen flakes, and dusted with real pollen as the result of its own activity, and the beetle is hardly to be seen at all.” Gnorimus variabilis, L., and G. nobiles, L. These two species also have protective white marks on the dorsal surface of the posterior part of the body, similar to those of the Cetonia. Trichius fasciatus, L., and 7. abdominalis, Mén. These two beetles are banded with yellow and black, and clothed with yellow and golden hairs, much resemb- ling humble bees, both at rest, and during flight. The gardener at Dall House, Rannoch, told Professor Beare and me, that he had often mistaken them (7. fasciatus) for bees when he had seen them about the flowers in the garden. 360 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on BUPRESTIDZ. Anthaxia nitidula, L. This beautiful beetle is of a brilliant emerald green colour, and, as pointed out by Mr. Holland, looks some- what like a Chrysis. The Continental form, with purple thorax and, cyaneous elytra, resembles the same model even more closely, as does the reputed British species, A. saliweis, : THROSCIDA. Throscus. The species of this genus “feign death” by packing the legs close to the body, when they look exactly like small brown seeds. ELATERIDA, Elater. The Elaters “feign death,” and their ability to “skip,” in common with the rest of the family, is no doubt of great use to them. Mr. Holland points out that many of them possess a colour and shape suggesting the appearance of bits of dry brown stick. The bright red species may mimic the conspicuous genus Pyrochroa. Lacon murinus, L., Corymbites tessellatus, F., and C. holosericeus, F. Mr. Holland considers that the first of these beetles with its mealy uneven surface, and the two others with their uneven patches of silky pubescence, look like mottled- grey weathered pieces of stick. Campylus linearis, L. This beetle has much the appearance of a Telephorus, and, like several species of that genus, it possesses two forms, a red and a blue. The Zelephoride are known to be distasteful. MALACODERMIDA. | Eros aurora, Herbst., Pyropterus affinis, Payk., and Platycis minutus, F. These three species are bright scarlet in colour and very conspicuous. It is most probable that they are distasteful Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 361 and good instances of warning colours, as the Lycina, to which they belong, are much mimicked by other groups. Lampyris noctiluca, L. Wallace considers that the light in the glow-worm is a warning colour, as the male, eggs and larve are all luminous as well as the female, though the latter is by far the most luminous. (Darwinism, p. 267.) Poulton on the other hand thinks that the light is a sexual attraction, and that the males are assisted in their search by the light of the females. In the former case they would come under the head of Aposematic colours, and in the latter of Epigamic colours. As Professor Poulton suggests, it would be well to find out, when in the life of the ? the light is brightest and most constantly displayed, whether in the virgin state, or before all copulation is over. The females are probably distasteful, for they as well as the larvee are coloured yellow and black, looking rather like a large lady-bird larva: furthermore they le about by dozens in the day-time in sand-pits, etc., without appear- ing to make any attempt to hide themselves. The males on the other hand bury themselves in the earth during the day, as I frequently noticed with specimens I was experimenting with at Chiddingfold. TELEPHORIDA. The TZelephoride as before stated are inedible. Mr. Jenner Weir found that they were refused by small birds. They are conspicuous red and black insects, and most of them are common, and no doubt good examples of warning colours. They walk and fly about without any attempt at concealment, sitting together in numbers on the flowers of umbelliferee, etc. They are mimicked by many other species of Coleoptera. In the Lepidoptera one of the footmen, rubricollis, is very like a large Telephorus. When I first saw it in the New Forest, I thought for the moment that it was a grand new species of that genus. Malachius zneus, L. _ This beetle, with its large vivid red patches on the elytra, is evidently a good case of warning colours. It is found on flowers and herbage in meadows, etc. 362 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on Psilothrix nobilis, Ill., and Dolichosoma lineare, Rossi. These two species, which are of a metallic-green colour, much resemble Phytophaga. The former is very common on flowers in the Isle of Wight, Chesil Beach, ete. I have found that my lizards (1 Lacerta viridis; 2 Lacerta muralis, v. tuiguerta; and 2 Lacerta agilis) won't touch the former species. CLERID. Tillus elongatus, L. This beetle is very like a Lema, or Crioceris (Phytophaga). It has two forms, a black, and a blue with a red thorax, the latter being the more common of the two. In Lema, L. melanopa has a red thorax, while the other species are unicolorous. Tillus unifasciatus, F., Tarsostenus wnivittatus, Rossi and Thanisimus formicarius, L. These three beetles are all very good mimics of the fiercely stinging Mutillas. Necrobia and Corynetes. All the species of these two genera are much like Phytophaga. The Cleride are themselves mimicked by other groups, so all these cases may be Miillerian, and not Batesian mimicry. LYMEXYLONIDZ. Lymexylon navale, L. This beetle is somewhat like a T'clephorus in appearance. PTINIDA. Niptus hololewcus, Fald., N. crenatus, F., Mezium affine, Boield., and Gibbiwm scotias, F. All these beetles bear a strong resemblance to spiders, as do, more or less, the species of the genus Ptinus. At present we do not know the reason or the advantage of this mimicry. Spiders are extremely liable to the attacks of insectivorous foes. These beetles are found in old houses, cellars, lofts, and similar places where spiders abound. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Minuery, ete. 363 CERAMBYCID. Aromia moschata, L. Mr. Holland suggests, “This beetle is very like the specially protected Cantharis.” It smells strongly of musk, and sits about in a conspicuous manner on umbels, etc.; it is most probably distasteful on its own account. Hylotrupes bajulus, L. Mr. Holland points out that the smaller forms of this beetle are “ wonderfully like a species of Telephorus.” Callidium variabile, L. This Longicorn is also very like a Telephorus. It has two forms, a blue and a red, as have several species of Telephorus. Callidiwm alni, L. This pretty little beetle, with its red and white stripes on a black ground, is a good mimic of a Mutvlla. Clytus arietis, L. This beetle is black banded with yellow and bears during life a strong superficial resemblance to a wasp. A cabinet specimen closely examined is-certainly not much like the Hymenopterous insect, but when at large flying about, and settling on stumps, as it loves to do, its move- ments, combined with its colour, are very wasp-like. Professor Poulton writes (Colours of Animals, p. 250): “But the most remarkable point in the resemblance can only be appreciated by observing the living insect. When walking the slender wasp-like legs are moved in a rapid somewhat jerky manner, very different from the usual stolid cole- opterous stride, but remarkably like the active movements of a wasp, which always seem to imply the perfection of training.” It is also probable that it is distasteful in itself as Mr. Shelford shows that the Clytinz, as a group, in Borneo are much mimicked by other Longicornes (Brit. Ass. Report, 1900, p. 795). Clytus mysticus, L. The colours of this beetle afford a good likeness of a Mutilla. 364 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on Molorchus minor, L., and M. wmbellatarwm, L. These beetles have very short elytra and the true wings are exposed. They much resemble Jchnewmonide. Mr. Holland considers the former a mimic of a Mutilla. Rhagium inquisitor, F., and &. indagator, Gyll. These species, like many other Longicornes, are coloured in such a way as closely to resemble the appearance of lichen on trees. The former is often found walking on lichen-covered oak trunks. The latter, which in the British Islands is only found in Scotland, is very hard to find, as Professor Beare and I experienced at Rannoch. It conceals itself in the crevices of weather-beaten fir stumps. Lhagium brfasciatum, F. Of this beetle, which lives in fir and pine woods, Mr. Holland says, “It closely resembles a flake of pine bark.” Toxotus meridianus, Panz. This beetle, with its broad shoulders, spined thorax and long straggling legs, looks at first sight more like a Hymenopterous insect than a beetle. Pachyta cerambyciformis, Schr. This beetle, which is yellow spotted with black (character- istic warning colours), flies rather like, and rather suggests a wasp-like insect. Pachyta collaris, L. . It is of a blue-black colour with a red thorax, and much resembles the Phytophagous genus Lema. Anoplodera sexguittata, F. This beetle is black spotted with yellow (warning colours). Mr. Holland considers it “ wasp-like.” Strangalia aurulenta, F., S. quadrifasciata, L., and S. armata, Herbst. These three species are all yellow striped with black and look like wasps or other Hymenoptera. As before Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 365 stated yellow and black stripes are the commonest warn- ing colours. I have seen several specimens of S. armata at Chiddingfold hovering over flowers and bushes, rising and falling, when they looked very like Hymenoptera (I have observed the same thing in Pachyta cerambyciformis). It is very common for Longicornes to mimic Hymenoptera all over the world. Grammoptera preusta, F. This insect is a very good mimic of a Zelephorus (or rather of Rhagonycha, having the apex of the elytra black). It is found on the flowers of hawthorn, and in this country is practically confined to the New Forest. Acanthocinus xdilis, L. Mr. Holland says this beetle is “very like a flake of pine bark.” I proved this to be the case last year at Rannoch. Having found a mutilated specimen on the top of a fir post, I remarked to my friend Professor Beare, that it had been fighting. Examining the post more closely I saw what appeared to be the remains of a pair of antennz and said, “ Here are the antenne of another.” They turned out to belong toa perfect specimen. I was looking straight at it, but being in a slight depression of the weather-beaten post, it looked just like a piece of bark. Leiopus nebulosus, L., and Mesosa nubila, Ol. These species are mottled and coloured somewhat like lichens. They occur on fallen boughs, faggots, etc., and exhibit a very perfect colour-harmony with their surroundings. Pogonochxrus, The colours of our three species of this genus with their white patches and uneven elytra undoubtedly resemble lichens on boughs. Professor Beare and I were both taken in by P. bidentatus in thee New Forest. We were examining a heap of lichen-covered logs, on the underside of one of which were two specimens of this species. We held the log up, with the underside turned upwards, so that we were looking straight at the beetles and yet failed to see them until they ran and fell to the ground, one specimen being lost. 366 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on Saperda carcharias, L. This big beetle, which frequents the poplar, is con- spicuous enough when it sits on the leaves, but as my friend Mr. Bouskell pointed out to me, when it sits close against a medium-sized bough, or on a rough part of the trunk of the tree, it is very difficult to see, resembling a knot or irregularity of the surface. Saperda scalaris, L., and S. populnea, L. Mr. Holland says, “ Saperda populnea and scalaris are by their lichen-like mottling well protected on trees.” I must confess that I was at first rather sceptical about this, for when I took S. populnea on Wimbledon Common, it was to be found in numbers on the pollard aspen bushes and very conspicuous. I have no doubt however that the same remarks will apply to these species as to S. carcharias : moreover, pollard bushes are not a natural form of environment. Tetrops preusta, L. This little beetle is a splendid mimic of a small species of Telephorus. Oberea oculata, L. Oberca oculata with its grey elytra, red thorax and underside, black spots on the thorax, and black head and antenne, looks in a drawer about as conspicuous a beetle as one could wish to see, and yet in its natural surround- ings, on the sallow bushes in the Fens, this is by no means the case. The blue-grey elytra match the undersides of the sallow leaves very well, while the red underside of the beetle harmonises with the branches. Any one who has searched systematically for it will agree that it is a very well protected species, and that it is assisted by concealment in holding its own in the struggle for life. BRUCHIDA. Bruchus ater, Marsh. My friend Mr. Morley writes to me, “The Heteropteron (Caspidx) Peciloscytus gyllenhali, Fall., exactly resembles Bruchus ater when swept up in a frightened and doubled- up posture, as I found at Stanstead Wood, Suffolk, last Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. 367 June.” I would suggest that the Bruchus mimics the bug, as many bugs are known to be distasteful. This of course requires experimental proof. CHRYSOMELIDS, The Phytophaga are considered to be all more or less distasteful, and no doubt justly so. Many species have been proved to be so, and the group is mimicked by various orders of beetles throughout the world. They also exhibit synaposematic colours and patterns, both within the group and with other distasteful groups outside. Clythra quadripunctata, L. This beetle is superficially very like a lady-bird ; in fact I consider it to be a mimic of Coccinella distincta, F. Both species pass the earlier stages of their lives in the nest of the wood ant Formica rufa. At the same time Clythra may be distasteful on its own account, and thus provide an example of Miillerian mimicry, a question which I hope to settle this year. Timarcha. The species of this genus are of a blue-black aposematic colour. They may be seen in the spring in numbers on grassy downs, or in lanes, marching slowly along with deliberate tread. When handled they eject from the mouth a clear blood-red liquid, which no doubt is a means of defence. From this habit they have gained the name of “bloody-nose beetles.” Melasoma populi, L. This beetle has a bright blue head and thorax, and red elytra. It has been proved to be distasteful by Professor Weismann, and is quoted by Professor Poulton as an instance of warning colours (Colours of Animals, p. 177). I sent a number of live specimens from Wicken Fen to the Zoological Gardens to be offered to various insect- eaters by Mr. Beddard, who had kindly agreed to conduct such experiments for me. He says, “They were pecked at, but finally refused, though killed, by Shama, Pyed Mynab, Laughing Jackass, and Brambling. The Drongo and Graculipica nigrirostris ate several with pleasure.” It 368 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on appears to me that their refusal by so many insect-eaters in confinement conclusively proves their distastefulness, Phytodecta, The species of this genus, especially the black spotted P. rufipes, De G., and P. viminalis, L., much resemble Coceinellide. Ihave found that my lizards will not touch Phytodecta vimmmalis, and this is an instance, probably, of common warning colours. Phyllobrotica quadrimaculata, L. This beetle is of a yellow colour with four black spots on the elytra and superficially resembles a_lady-bird. With my friend Mr. Bouskell I have taken it in numbers in Bradgate Park. It sits about on the skull-cap, and is very conspicuous, and I should expect distasteful. Creprdodera transversa, Marsh., and C. ferruginea, Scop. These species “jump” strongly. I think they are also protected by resembling in colour and shape the brown seeds which one sweeps up with them. I sent some of these beetles, which were very abundant at Oulton Broad, to Professor Poulton mounted on card with some of the seeds. He was very much struck with the resemblance. T also sent live specimens to the Zoological Gardens. Mr. Beddard says, “They were eaten by Racket-tailed Drongo, Shama, Pyed Mynah, and New Zealand Thrush. The Chaffinch did not appear to notice the insect.” It is therefore probable that they are edible, as might be expected if my conclusions with regard to their resemblance to seeds are correct. Cassida. Most of the species in this genus are protected by being green like the plants they frequent, and are indeed very difficult to see when sitting on the green leaves, etc. The margin of the thorax and elytra projects beyond the body and forms a rim all round. On this account they are called “tortoise” beetles. I would suggest that this serves as a means of defence, acting like the wings and especially the “ tails” of hindwings of many butterflies. I took a specimen of C. equestris, F., in Wicken Fen with what was evidently a bite out of the margin of the thorax Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimiery, etc. 369 and elytra. When so attacked the beetle would then fall to the ground and probably escape. I sent this specimen to Professor Poulton, who agrees with my interpretation. I sent live specimens of the common C. viridis, F. (which is found on thistles, its green colour rendering it very hard to see) to the Zoological Gardens. They were eaten by all the birds they were offered to. Cassida murrea, L. This species presents a very interesting case ; it has two forms, a red and a green. The green form is protected by its colour on the green leaves of the food-plant, flea-bane. The red form is very like a lady-bird. When Mr. J. J. Walker and I took the beetle near Oxford, he was taken in by it at first. He saw the first specimen, a red one, and looked at it for a short time, thinking it was only the common Coccinella septempunctata. Protessor Poulton compares this case with Precis sesamus, among buttertlies, which has a cryptic underside and habits, while its wet season form (JP. octavia) is very conspicuous and probably pseudaposematic. TENEBRIONID&. Opatrum sabulosum, Gyll. Mr. Holland points out that in certain districts this beetle is covered with chalk, etc. He says, “ The intervals between the rugosities of their upper sides are filled with chalk and other dirt.” They are clean in some districts, but are generally hidden at the roots of herbage, etc. I should say that they are always cryptic and frequently allocryptic. Phaleria cadaverina, F. This beetle, which is only found on the sea-coast, 1s coloured exactly like the sand on which it occurs. Platydema violaceum, F., and Scaphidema metallicum, ¥F. These two species, the former of which is a metallic violet and the latter a bronze, closely resemble Phytophaga. Helops pallidus, Curt. This is another sand-coloured beetle closely resembling its habitat, the sea-shore. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART II. (SEPT.) 25 370 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on MELANDRYID&, Tetratoma fungorum, F. This pretty little violet and red beetle is also very like a species of Phytophaga. Osphya bypunctata, F. This species is exceedingly like a Telephorus, the 2g resembling some of the black species, and the 9? the red. Some of the red species of Zelephorus have forms with black elytra. O. bipwnctata is a rare and local insect, occurring on hawthorn blossoms on which the Zelephoride of course abound, (EDEMERID. Gdemera nobilis, Scop., and O. lurida, Marsh. These two species are also very like Phytophaga: they are taken by sweeping flowers and herbage in places where Phytophaga are liable to occur in abundance. Oncomera femorata, F. This beetle occurs in the autumn, and is nocturnal in its habits, coming out at night on to ivy-blossoms. It hides during the day, and, as Mr. Holland says, looks like a bit of dry curled autumn leaf or a bit of dry brown stick. Such an appearance would assist it in escaping attention. Nacerdes melanura, L. This is another beetle which is exceedingly like a Tele- phorus. It lives in decayed wood, such as “sea-breakers,” etc., but is often taken on the wing. PYROCHROIDA, Pyrochroa. Our three species are all bright scarlet, and very con- spicuous insects. The largest, P. coccinea, L., has a black head. They sit about openly on the herbage, etc., and are most probably distasteful, and good examples of warn- ing colours. Cases of Protectwe Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. 371 RHIPIDOPHORIDA. Metecus paradoxus, L. This curious beetle is parasitic on, and lives in the nests of, wasps. Though unlike a wasp in appearance, it cer- tainly suggests a Hymenopterous insect rather than a beetle. ANTHICID&. Notoxus monoceros, L. This beetle, which is found in sandy places, is coloured so as to promote concealment in such situations. It is also, in common with most of the genus Anthicus, some- what ant-like in appearance. Anthicus bimaculatus, Ill. This beetle is found on the coast, and is coloured differently from all the rest of the genus, being like the sand on which it occurs. MELOID. Meloé. These beetles are called “oil beetles,’ because of the yellow fluid which exudes from their limbs when handled, and which no doubt possesses distasteful properties. They are large, heavy creatures, and crawl about regardless of danger. Their colours are doubtless aposematic. Sitaris muralis, Forst. This beetle is parasitic on certain bees (Andrenzx), and is found about their burrows. It has the true wings exposed, and is very like a Hymenopterous insect in appearance. Lytta vesicatoria, L. This species is of a bright metallic green colour, and as Mr. Holland says, “it is showy and probably unpalatable.” It is the well-known ‘Spanish fly,” or “blister beetle,” and its properties would no doubt render it distasteful. The Cantharidz are mimicked in other countries. 372 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on ANTHRIBIDZ. Anthribus albinus, L. Anthribus is very like a “bird’s dropping,” or a bit of lichen-covered bark. It lives in old stumps, etc., its colouring being well suited to the surroundings. CURCULIONID. Apoderus coryli, L., and Attelabus curculionoides, L. These two beetles are bright red in colour; the former sits on the young leaves of hazel, and the latter on oak. Canon Fowler says of Apoderus (Col. Brit. Isles, v., p. 118): “Tt 1s very conspicuous as it sits on the leaves in the sun.” Both species may be passed over for Coccinellide. When disturbed they drop instantly. Otiorrhynchus fuscipes, Walt. When Mr. Chitty and I were beating bushes on Purley Downs, we took a number of these beetles. Large brown berries about the size of the beetle kept falling into the beating-tray with it, and we were much struck with the resemblance between the insect and the fruit. Polydrusus tereticollis, De G. I noticed in Tilgate Forest in 1891 that this beetle was very like the buds of the birch which were beaten off with it. I mounted several specimens on cards with the buds. These I have sent to Professor Poulton, who was very pleased to add them to the collection illustrating insect bionomics which he is making in the Hope Department. Polydrusus confluens, Steph. This beetle bears a strong superficial resemblance to Sitones regensteinensis, Herbst. Both species are found on the broom, the Polydrusus being much the rarer of the two. I do not know what is the reason for, or the ad- vantage there may be in, this mimicry. ? Syncryptic if both are concealed on broom, like the resemblance between insects on pine-needles or lichen. Philopedon geminatus, F. Of this beetle Mr. Holland says, “ Among the sand and Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 373 grey-green foliage of the sea-shore, it is well protected by colour.” Hypera fasciculata, Herbst. This species, with its variegated markings, is very diffi- cult to see under the Erodium plants on the sand where it occurs, Cleonus sulcirostris, L. Mr. Holland has taken specimens of this beetle of a reddish colour upon the red sands of Boars Hill, near Oxford. The insects harmonised well with the ground on which they occurred, and were very different in colour from the ordinary grey forms that occur at Deal, ete. This is a very interesting case, and, as pointed out by Professor Poulton (Trans. Ent. Soc., 1899, p. 430), it is reasonable to suppose that these colours, which certainly harmonise with the ground of each locality, are protective. LInmobius mixtus, Boh. I think I have found a parallel case to Mr. Holland’s red Cleonus sulcirostris in Limobius mixtus. At Deal, where it is found at the roots of Erodium on the sand- hills, it is of a yellow colour well suited to its surroundings. Last April I took two specimens on the Chesil Beach, among the white pebbles, of a white colour. Of course further specimens are required to prove this case, but no doubt many such cases will be found when looked for. Inaus paraplecticus, L. This curious beetle, which occurs on Sium latifolium at Wicken, etc., looks very much like some of the attenuated bugs one sees on rushes and water-plants. Hylobius abietis, L., Pissodes pint, L., and P. notatus, F. Of these beetles Mr. Holland says: “They are found on fir trees, and being patched and dotted over with yellow, look like objects which are characteristic of their sur- roundings.” Plinthus caliginosus, F. This species may be quoted as another instance of 374 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on adventitious colouring. It is often found with its rough dorsal surface coated with chalk and dirt. Grypidius equeseti, F, Of this beetle Mr. Morley writes to me: “A spider occurs in the Bramford Marshes on the reeds, and when it is curled up in the net, frightened, the closeness of its superficial resemblance to Grypidius equiseti (which occurs in the same pond sparingly) is very striking.’ I am inclined to think the beetle presents a rather close re- semblance to “bird’s droppings,” and that both the spider and the beetle are similarly protectively coloured, thus accounting for their resemblance to each other. (Syn- cryptic resemblance. ) Cionus scrophulariz, L. This beetle is also rather like a bit of “bird’s dropping.” Mr. Holland tells me that the cluster of its slimy-looking larvee on the top of the fig-wort is an exact imitation of the bunch of slimy-looking unopened flower-heads, while the pupa is just as good an imitation of its bunch of seeds. Cronus blattarie, F. This little species is a still better imitation of bird’s excreta. Orobitis cyaneus, L. This small beetle when “ feigning death” with the legs and rostrum packed up is in shape and appearance exactly like a small blue seed. Cryptorrhynchus lapathi, L. This beetle is another splendid imitation of the drop- pings of birds. I remember finding it in plenty on some willows at Barrow-on-Soar. Beneath the willows was a bed of nettles upon which many of the beetles had fallen, and their appearance suggested that a number of birds had been roosting in the trees above. Acalles. Mr. Bennett suggests that all the species of this genus are extremely like the dead buds which one beats with them from old hedges. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc. 375 Caliodes didymus, F. (quadrimaculatus, L.), and Ceuthor- rhynchus urtice, Boh, These two beetles both occur on nettles and are some- times found together, the Cewthorrhynchus, however, being much the rarer of the two. They bear so strong a super- ficial resemblance to each other that only an experienced coleopterist would distinguish between them, Mr. Beddard quotes this (The Coloration of Animals, p. 221) as one of his cases of apparently useless mimicry, but it may be an example of syncryptic resemblance. Ceuthorrhynchus and Ceuthorrhynchidius, Many of the species in these two genera are clothed with patches of brown and white scales and hairs, and, when “feigning death,” resemble bits of earth and other inanimate objects. Rhinonchus. This genus, with its patches of yellow on a darker ground, is protected in the same way. I now give a table of all the species mentioned in this paper classified according to Professor Poulton’s method as brought forward in his book “The Colours of Animals,” and since extended. [For the table above referred to see pages 376 and 377.] 376 Mr. H. Donisthorpe on ie APATETIC COLOURS. ; Colours resembling some part of the environment or the appearance of another species. A. Cryptic Protective and Aggres- sive Resemblances. 1. Procryptic Colours.— Protective Resem- blances. Nebria complanata. Amara fulva. Aépus marinus and A. robinii. Demetrias wnipuncta- tus. Sipalia testacea, Arena octavit. Phytosus balticus and P. nigriventris. Phaleria cadaverina. Helops pallidus. Notoxus monoceros. Anthicus bimaculatus. Chlenius vestitus, sandstone. Cleonus sulcirostris, red form on red sandstone. Philopedon geminatus, on sand among herbage, etc. Limobius mixtus, white form, on Chesil Beach with white stones. Elaphrus. Bembidiwm dosum. Tachypus pallipes and 7. flavipes. Helophorus. Stenus. Heterocerus. Ceuthorrhynchus. Ceuthorrhynchidius. Rhinonchus. Myriedonia, when feigning death. Cercyon. Onthophagus. Aphodius. Byrrhus pilula. rabbit’s dung. Dermestes = “oylT-purg on palu- ‘soovrd AYysreuL SHIQ OYIT pur pnurjem uo "YqIBe JO Anthribus albinus. Grypidius equiseti. Cionus scrophula- Tie. Cionus blattaric. Cryptorrhynchusla- pathi. Soronia. Amphotis nargin- ata. Cicones tus. Rhizotrogus stitialis. Melolontha vulga- ris, and M, hip- pocastani. “oyT[- Sud -doip s.pilg variega- sol- *“1nd090 Aeyy YOIyA uo yreq IYO pur PeI9A09-UdYdIT OXIT Colours.— |} B. Pseudosematie and Signalling. 1. Pseudoposematic Col- ours.—Protective or Batesian Mimicry. (These may be in part Synaposematic = Miil- lerian mimics rather than true or Batesian mimics. The question can only be decided by laborious experiments. Clivina. Dyschivius. Brachinus crepitans, Atemeles. Myrmedonia. Astilbus canalicula- tus. Stilicus fragilis. Anthicus. Myrmedonia colla- vis (2) Molorchus minor. = M. umbellatarum. ) & Tillus unifasciatus. Tarsostenus univit- tatus. | Thanisimus formica- | ‘OMIT-QUY -neuyoy rius. Callidium alni. Clytus inysticus. Emus hirtus. Trichius fasciatus, and 7’. abdomina- lis. Clytus avietis. Toxotus neridianus. Pachyta cerambyci- formis. Anoplodera 6 gut- tata. OMIT-P INN Strangalia auru- lenta. S. 4 fasciata and S. armata. Metoecusparadoxus. Sitaris muralis. Lebia cyanocephala and L. chlorocep- hala. Drypta dentata. Saprinus virescens. Triplax vussica and T. cenea. Psilothrix nobilis. OAT] -snoroydouew fF] pur ‘seq ‘dsv a, = S Ss Dolichosomalineare. \B. Tillus elongatus. & Pachyta collaris. S Platydema viola- | & ceum. B Scaphidema metalli- cum. Tetratoma fungorum. Oedemera nobilis and 0. lurida. II. SEmMatic CoLourRs. Warning and Signalling Colours. 1. Aposematic Colours. —Warning Colours in- cluding Synaposematic or Common Warning Colours (= Miillerian mimicry.) Carabus violace-) B® us and é| O'S iy catenulatus, a2. etc. Fae Timarcha. aa 6 Meloé. o Panageus crux-) P42 major and P,4|s5 22 pustulatus, 3o8 Oxyporus rufus. a a Necrophorus, yel- PL low and black | ¢ ™3 species. Sor Coccinellide, fof Telephoride, a * A, Eros aurora. = é to Pyropterus affinis.| 5.3 5 . . =e Us Platycis minutus. \S 2 = Malachius wneus. | & 2 5 Pyrochroa. ins Phytophaga. Metallic ‘‘ warning” colours. Endomychide E and Coccinel- eset lide. SZeP2e Aromia ‘“mos- 78 gs chata and 5 BOS Lytta vesica-|* ®& F< toria. ‘ III. EPIcaMIc | CoLouURS. Colours dis- | played in Court- ship. Lampyris noc- tiluca, light in ? (considered | Aposematic by A. R. Wallace.) | i | } Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, ete. I. APATETIC COLOURS. Colours resembling some part of the environment or the appearance of another species. 1. Procryptic Colours (continued). Rhagium inquisi- tor, and R. bifas- ciatum, and R. indagator. Acanthocinus cedilis. Leiopus nebulosus. Mesosa nubila. Pogonocherus. Saperda carcharias, S: scalaris and 8. populnea. Hylobius abictis. Pissodes pini and P. notatus. ‘aAT, LOY YOIYA uO yrVq PAI] PeIMo[oH 19YAO puv partoaoo-ueyor] oyVT : g Laccophilus. S Agabus nebulosus. | = Agabus conspersus. )g Dytiscus. =I Acilius. g a Broscus cephalotes. “‘ Reigning death.” Geotrupes. ‘* Feigning death.” Monotoma formice- = torwm. ° Monotoma conici- 5, collis. as Elater (brown spe- | 2 cies). en ie Lacon murinus. Qs Corymbites — tessel- | S 3: latus. 5 Corymbites holoseri- a ceus. = Hoplia philanthus.) » Homaloplia ruri-|$ Si cola. 26 Serrica brunnca. (“ = Anomala frischiit, | 32 Oncomera femorata. ) > ' Throsecus. ue Crepidodera — ferru- | & ginea. au Otiorrhynchus —_fus- = cipes. A Orobitis cyancus. ; Polydrusus tereticollis. Bud-like. Acalles. Bud-like, Cetonia aurata and C. floricola. Useful white pollen flake-like marks. Gnorimus nobilis and G. variabilis. Ditto ditto. Meligethes. Stamen-like Cassida. Green forms on green leaves, Oberea oculata. low bushes. Omosita. On bones. Thymalus limbatus. On boleti. Dermestes murinus. On fur. On sal- 2. Pseudosematic Colours (continued). Spheridium scarabe- oides and S. bipustu- latwm. Silpha 4 punctata. ister 4 maculatus, HT, purpurascens and HZ. bimaculatus. Scaphidium 4 macu- latum. Cyrtotiiplax bipustu- lata. Ips. Mycetophagus 4 pus- tulatus. Clythra 4 punctata. Phytodecta. Phyllobrotica 4 macu- lata. Cassida murrea, red form. Apoderus coryli. Attelabus curculioni- des. Campylus linearis. Lymexylon navale. Hylotrupes bajulus. Callidium variabile. Grammoptera preusta. Tetrops preusta. Osphia bipunctata. Nacerdes melanura. Elater, red species. Py- rochroa-like. “OHT]-,, PAlq-Apv’y ,, “OYL[-Snw0yda/aT Alexia pilifera. 3 Bruchus ater. = Lizus paraplecti- (36 cus. ~ Anthaxia nitidula. Chry- sis-like. Niptus hololeucus and NV. erenatus. ety Mezium affine. tS! Gibbium scotias. ae Ptinus. 2. Pseudepisematic Col- ours. Aggressive Mi- micry and Alluring Colours. Micralymma brevipenne and the Thysanura it feeds on? 377 a APATETIC COLOURS. Colours. resembling some part of the | environment or the appearance of | another species. 1. Procryptic Colours (continued). 2. Allocryptic Colours. Gcoryssus pygGmeuUs. Opatrum sabulosum. rough dorsal surface. Colours = Adventitious | With coat of mud. With dirt on Plinthus caliginosus. With dirt on rough | dorsal surface. SEPTEMBER 30, 1901. XIV. Sexual dimorphism in Buprestis sanguinea, Pabr., a species occurring in Spain, and new to the Huropean list. By GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S. [Read October 2nd, 1901.] PEATE SEL DURING a recent visit to Aragon, July 27th—Aug. 8th, Dr. Chapman and I made various excursions to the low hills which extend along the base of the northern slope of the Sierra de Albarracin, between the towns of Albarracin and Gea, chiefly in search of the numerous interesting Satyrid-butterflies that abound there. In such localities there is a scattered growth of the cypress-like “savin” (Juniperus sabina), which here attains the dimension of a good-sized tree, and amongst these are many shrubs. On one of the latter, Hphedra nebrodensis,* of the family Gnetacez (joint-firs), old plants of which have a stem nearly two inches in diameter, two very dissimilarly- coloured conspicuous Luprestids were to be seen, and as specimens of each of these occurred over and over again in close proximity on the same kind of plant, we took a good deal of interest in them, plant and insects alike being new to us. We very soon ascertained that all the examples of one form of the Buprestid were male and all the other female, the sexes being in about equal numbers, and there cannot, therefore, be the slightest doubt that they belong to the same species, though none were actually observed in copula. In the early morning the beetles were quite sluggish and easily captured with the fingers, being at rest, usually head downwards, on a bit of the woody stem, where the green twigs were thickly placed; but during the heat of the day they were more active, and a few were then taken on the wing, mostly males. The present species has not, so far as 1 am aware, been recorded from the continent of Kurope, though I have a specimen of the male from the vicinity of Gibraltar, sent me years ago by Mr. J. J. Walker. No such sexual difference has been noticed or * IT am indebted to Mr. W. B. Hemsley, F.R.S., of Kew Gardens, for the determination of this plant. The specific name appears to have been taken from that of a district in Sicily. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 26 380 Mr. G. C. Champion on suspected, I believe, amongst the Buprestidx, nevertheless the observations of Dr. Chapman and myself are sufficient to prove that in one species of the family, at least, such a peculiarity is to be found. The females agree very nearly with the brief diagnosis of Buprestis sanguinea, Fabr., from Mogador, and with the description and figure of B. levait- lanti, Lucas, from Mostaganem, Algeria (these insects being treated as synonymous in the Catalogues of Gemminger and Harold and E. Saunders *), and the males with the description of Bb. margaripicta, Mars., from Algeria, the male only of the latter being known. There can be very little doubt that the Albarracin insect is synonymous with B. sanguinea, Fabr. (a species not identified by Marseul and other modern writers), as in addition to the above- mentioned specimen from Gibraltar, there is a doubtful record of the female (under B. levaillantv) from Tangier. As regards the Algerian B. levaillanti and B. margarupicta, M. René Oberthiir has been kind enough to send me a coloured drawing of each of them, and also to compare a male and female of the Spanish insect with his single specimens of each of these so-called species, that of the male (L. margaripicta) being the only one recorded. The differences noted by him (apart from the somewhat dis- similar elytral markings of the male) chiefly consist in the relative width of the front of the head, the armature of the apices of the elytra, and the extent of the emargination of the apex of the fifth ventral segment in the male. From analogy, it is almost certain that B. margaripicta and B. levaillants are but sexes of one species, and in this M. Oberthiir is inclined to agree with me; and it is very probable that the above-mentioned differences between the Spanish and the Algerian forms will prove to be in- constant when a longer series of the latter is available for comparison, and are no greater than might be expected between specimens from distant localities. The following description is taken from the series of upwards of twenty of each sex before me :— 6. Nigro-violaceous, the lateral margins of the prothorax broadly, and the anterior margin narrowly (except in the middle), and four * Lucas (Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1884, pp. xli, xlii) disputed the identity of his B. levaillanti with B. sanguinea, Fabr., but without giving substantial reasons for maintaining them as distinct. { Marseul, Monogr. Buprest., p. 187 (1865). Sexual Dimorphism in Buprestis sanguinca. 381 interrupted transverse fasciz on the elytra (the first two sometimes connected laterally, and in one specimen on the disc also, and the fourth often reduced to a small spot on the disc of each elytron), flavous or pale stramineous (whitish in life), the base of the prothorax between the flavous lateral portions usually bordered with rufous or with two or three rufous spots or streaks ; beneath yellow or pale yellow, variegated with nigro-violaceous, a median stripe on the venter and the ventral sutures being conspicuously marked with this colour ; legs and antennz nigro-violaceous. Eyes large and rather convex, the head appearing very broad. Tarsi moderately dilated. Anterior tibiz simple, without recurved hook before the apex. Fifth ventral segment abruptly truncate and slightly emarginate at the apex. Length 113-154, breadth 44-6 millim. [margaripicta, Mars. ] 2. Bright rufous, with the following parts nigro-violaceous—the head, except for two transverse yellow marks on the front, four spots in a transverse row on the anterior part of the prothorax (all four, or the two on the middle of the disc, sometimes connected, and those on the disc sometimes wholly absent), the extreme basal margin of the latter, the scutellum, the sutural and basal margins of the elytra very narrowly, as well as the apex, a spot on the humeral callus, two others in a transverse line below it, a transverse post-median fascia (sometimes reduced to two spots on each elytron, and the inner one of these not always present), and an interrupted fascia before the apex (this latter often reduced to two spots, or wholly absent) ; beneath coloured as in the males; legs and antenne nigro-violaceous, the femora sometimes with a yellow spot in the middle beneath. Eyes smaller and less convex, the head thus appearing much narrower than in the male. Tarsi feebly dilated. Anterior tibiz as in the male. Fifth ventral segment feebly truncate at the apex. Length 102-173, breadth 4-7 millim. [sangwinea, Fabr. = levaillanti, Luc. ] Head closely, rugosely punctured ; prothorax convex, coarsely, closely punctate, deeply bisinuate at the base and apex, rounded at the sides, with a short median channel or fovea in front of the scutellum, the latter very small; elytra deeply striate, the striae finely punctate, the interstices convex and sparsely punctate, the apex of each elytron obliquely truncate, with the sutural angle acutely produced and the outer one more or less dentiform. Head, legs, and under surface clothed with short, scattered, pallid hairs, Median sulcus on the first ventral segment deep, extending nearly or quite to the posterior margin of the latter, in some males carried on to the second segment. There is in both sexes a considerable amount of variation in the 382 Mr. G. C. Champion on markings of the upper surface (these not always being symmetrical on the elytra), according to the predominance of the light or dark colour, some of the spots on the prothorax or elytra being often absent, especially in the female. The median sulcus on the first central segment also varies a little in length, and the tooth at the outer apical angle of the elytra is sometimes obsolete. The coloration of the under surface is similar in both sexes. The Algerian insect, M. Oberthiir informs me, has the interocular portion of the head relatively narrower; the longitudinal impression upon the first ventral segment deep, sharply defined, and extending to the posterior margin of the latter; the fifth ventral segment of the male narrowly and somewhat deeply emarginate in the middle ; the tooth at the outer apical angle of the elytra (in the male) obsolete; and the anterior margin of the prothorax less sinuate. In the coloured drawing before me of the type of the male (margaripicta) the second elytral fascia is represented by a large subtriangular patch on each elytron, this being more extended in the longitudinal direction than in any of the Spanish specimens obtained at Albarracin. The single male from Gibraltar has a narrow streak extending down the fifth elytral mterstice from the first yellow fascia, and in one of the examples of the same sex from Albarracin this yellow streak runs still further down and joins the second fascia, so as to completely enclose a common transverse nigro-violaceous patch. In the simple anterior tibiz in the male, the present species, as noted by Marseul (under Bb. margaripicta), differs from all the other European forms, three of which occurred in the pine-forests of the same district in Spain, approaching the genus Hurythyrea in this respect, in which, however, the scutellum is much larger, etc. The sexual dimorphism and the similar form of the anterior tibiz in the two sexes tend to show that the insect will probably have to be removed from the genus Luprestis. It may be observed also that the habits of B. sanguinea are different from those of its congeners, these latter attacking pine-logs, upon which the beetles may frequently be seen during the heat of the day. B, hilaris, Klug (= variegata, Klug), from Egypt, said to be found on mint, is perhaps congeneric with B. sanguinea. B. amort, Graells, from Spain, is sunk by Marseul and others as synonymous with the Algerian Sexual Dimorphism in Buprestis sanguinea. 383 B. douct, Luc.; it cannot, therefore, as is evident by the published figures of these insects, be very nearly related to B. sanguinea. The locality, Albarracin, in the province of Teruel, is remarkable for possessing various Lepidoptera not found elsewhere in Europe, some of which are African, as Satyrus prieurt, Albarracina korbi (the larva of which also lives on the Lphedra), etc. The plant, HLphedra nebrodensis, has much the appearance of a shrubby Lqutse- twm, the young shoots being somewhat similarly jointed, and such leaves as we could find were merely chaffy scales at the joints. In their second year the shoots become woody, and for a shrub comparable in size to Callwna, its stems were remarkably thick and strong, reaching high up in the plant, making it very stiff and broom-like. We saw the Ephedra, no doubt, after its season of growth for the year, and much of it looked faded and turning brown. The stunted unsymmetrical aspect was probably due to injury by grazing animals. The stems of the plants were covered with a rusty-red lichen, very similar in colour to the upper surface of the female beetle, and this may afford the insect a certain amount of protection. The extraordinary sexual dimorphism in the present species tends to show that the same peculiarity is likely to occur in other Buprestids, especially, no doubt, amongst the Australian Stigmoderx, numbers of which have been named without any notice being taken of the sex of the individuals described. Assuming that B. sanguinea, Fabr., B. levaillanti, Lucas, and B. margaripicta (Mars.) are synonymous, the citations are as follows: 2. sanguinea, Fabr., Ent. Syst., Suppl., p. 135 (1798). Type, Mogador (Schousboe in Mus. Lund.= Mus. Copenhagen) (¢f. Erichson). 2. levaillanti, Lucas, in Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 50; Expl. Algérie, 11, p. 149, t. 15, f. 85; Marseul, in L’Abeille, i, pp. 169, 186. Type, Mostaganem, Algeria. gf. margaripicta, Marseul, in L’Abeille, 1, pp. 169, 186 (1865) (Aneylochira). Type, Algeria. In addition to the specimens described by these authors (two being mentioned by Lucas), three others have been captured, but not recorded.* These are from Oran, * M. Bedel has been kind enough to send me these particulars, 384 Mr. G. C. Champion on Seaual Dimorphism, ete. Western Algeria: one female on the Plaine des Anda- louses, beyond Cape Falcon (Saint Prerre, coll. V. Mayet); two males on the Champ des Manceuvres (Moisson). As noted on p. 380, the record of B. levaillanti, from Tangier, by Marseul, is doubtful. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIII. Figs. 1—5. Buprestis sanguinea, Fabr. ¢. 6. ” a » 9G, Underside. 6a. » = » » G, anterior leg, 712, 9 be 39 ) f . 13. A piece of the food-plant, Hphedra nebrodensis (order Gnetacex), the woody stem of which is probably attacked by the beetle: 2 nat. size. The specimens figured, including the plant, are from Albarracin, with the exception of fig. 5, which is taken from a ¢ found near Gibraltar. gap") XV. Lepidoptera Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. By the late Jonn Henry Leecu, B.A., F.LS., F.Z.8., etc. Part V. With descriptions of new species by RicHAaRD SovutuH, F.E.S. [Read October 2nd, 1901.] Puates XIV and XV. [THE present portion of this paper treats of the Pyralide, and concludes the subject so far as the author purposed dealing with it. The manuscript was nearly completed at the time of Mr. Leech’s lamented decease, and practically all that there remained to do was to prepare the MS. for publication. This I have done, and at the same time I have described the species that had been set aside as new to science. I am greatly indebted to Sir George F. Hampson for much valuable assistance in the determin- ation of genera in this somewhat difficult family. Of the four hundred and thirty-four species now referred to, seventy-three are novelties, and thirty-eight were else- where described by Mr. Leech. A few species recorded from “ China” have been included, and these may only occur in southern parts of the country, and do not therefore properly belong to the Palearctic region. Mrs. Leech having generously presented her son’s collection of Lepidoptera to the nation, the types of all species here introduced, as well as of those previously described by Mr. Leech, are in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington. R. 8.] Subfamily GALDLERIIN AL. Genus MELISSOBLAPTES. Zeller, Isis, 1839, p. 180. 1572. Melissoblaptes bipunctanus. Melissoblaptes bipunctanus, Curt., Brit. Ent., v, p. 201. One specimen taken by a native collector at Hakodate in June or July. DIstribution. EUROPE.—YESSO. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 386 Mr. J. H. Leeeh on Genus PARALIPSA. Butler, Ann. and Mag. Nat, Hist., (5) iv, p. 454 (1879). 1573. Paralipsa modesta. Paralipsa modesta, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 455 (1879). There was one example in Pryer’s collection, and I have received specimens from Moupin, Omei-shan, and Wa-shan, Occurs in June and July. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1574. Paralipsa gularis. Melissoblaptes gularis, Zell., Hor. Soc. Ent., Ross, xin, p. 74, pl. i, fig. 26 3, pl. il, fio. 27 2 (1877). Melissoblaptes tenebrosus, ButL, Tl. Typ. Lep. Het., iu, fe) pl Ix, ie (1879). Paralipsa gularis, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 475 (1901). One specimen was obtained at Chang-yang in May, another at Chow-pin-sa in May and June, and a third example at Chia-ting-fu in July. Butler’s type of JZ. tenebrosus was from Yokohama. Distribution. BHUTAN; JAPAN. This species was observed in England in 1891, vide Entom. xxv, p. 286. Genus GALLERIA. | Fabr.; Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 447 (1901). 1575. Galleria mellonella. Gallerva mellonella, Linn., Syst. Nat., x, p. 537. Ragonot mentions a female specimen from Japan, which he states has the secondaries brownish-grey in colour and the fringe white. MNstribution. KUROPE.—AFRICA.—ASIA ; JAPAN.—AUS- TRALIA.—N. AMERICA. Genus CATHAYIA. Hampson, Rom, sur Lép., viii, p. 451, Heterocera fromeChina, Japan, and Corea, 387 4 1576. Cathayia obliquella. Cathayia obliquella, Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 452, pl. h, fig. 6 (1901). Habitat, HASTERN CHINA. Genus LAMORIA. Walker, Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 87 (1863). 1577. Lamoria anella. Tinea anella, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 185 (1776). Galleria anella, Zink., Sommer. Germ. Mag. Ent., iv, p. 243, Lamoria anella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 7 (1896). I met with this species at Nagahama and Tsuruga in July; my native collector obtained it at Nikko and Hakodate. Distribution. EUROPE.—AFRICA.—AFGHANISTAN ; PUN- JAB; Poona; CEYLON (Hampson); JAPAN; YESSO. 1578. Lamoria inostentalis. Maraclea inostentalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvu, p. 88 (1863). Lamoria inostentalis, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 436 (1901). Specimens were obtained, in July, at Ichang, Moupin, Pu-tsu-fong, and the province of Kwei-chow ; two examples were received from Mr. Manley of Yokohama. Distribution. BORNEO; JAPAN ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. | Genus TIRATHABA. Walk.; Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 459. 1579. Tirathaba irrufatella. Tirathaba wrufatella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 462, pl. xlu, fig. 26 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus ACHROIA. Hiibn.; Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 496 (1901). 388 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1580. Achrota obscurevittella. Achroia obscwrevittella, Rag., Rom. sur Lep., viii, » P. 498, pl. xl, fig. 24. Habitat. JAPAN. Subfamily CRAMBIN 4H. Genus CULLADIA. Moore, Lep. Cey]l., iii, p. 383 (1886). 1581. Culladia admigratella. Araxes admigratella, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 192 (1863). Culladia admigratella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 11 (1896). Distribution. CHINA; CEYLON; BorNEOo (Hampson). Genus CRAMBUS. Fabr.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind. Moths, iv, p. 12 (1896). 1582. Crambus wnrfixellus. Crambus infixellus, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 167 (1863). Described from Shanghai. Distribution. CHINA; JAPAN. 1583. Crambus diplogrammus. Crambus diplogrammus, Zell., Chil. and Cramb., p. 25 (1863). Four specimens from Chang-yang, taken in June and August, and one example from Tsuruga, obtained in July. Distribution. AMURLAND; JAPAN; CENTRAL CHINA. 1584. Crambus textellus. Crambus textellus, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lxi, p. 48 (1881). Crambus argentistriellus, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 107, pl. v, fig. 11 (1889). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 389 Crambus diplogrammus, Rebel, (part), Cat. Lep., (8rd _ed.), p. 3 (1901). Three specimens from Gensan, taken in June. Distribution. COREA; AMURLAND. This species should not be confused with C. diplo- grammus, Zell., which is a larger, darker-coloured insect, and has an oblique medial line on the primaries. 1585. Crambus striatellus. Crambus striatellus, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 107, pl. v, fig. 3 (1889). Five specimens from Yokohama, in Pryer’s collection, and one from the isle of Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN and KIUSHIUv. 1586. Crambus aridellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 1.) Primaries pale ochreous, powdered with brown, rather darker on outer area, venation brown ; transverse lines brown, the first, medial, is inwardly edged with ochreous, oblique from middle of the costa to end of the cell, thence inwardly oblique to just before middle of the inner margin ; the second line, submarginal, is outwardly edged with ochreous and almost parallel with the first line; some dark- brown dashes between the veins internal to the second line, and a brown subapical spot; fringes blackish, glossy, preceded by black dots on the nervules. Secondaries pale fuscous, fringes paler with a brownish line at their base and one before the margin, the enclosed space rather paler than the fringes. Expanse 21 millim. Two specimens from Chang-yang, taken in June and July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. RS. 1587. Crambus geniculeus. Palparia geniculea, Haw., Lep. Brit., p. 489. Crambus geniculeus, Zell., Chil. and Cramb., p. 42 (1863). Distribution. EUROPE.—JAPAN. 1588. Crambus atrisquamalis. Crambus atrisquamalis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 372. 390 Mr. J. H. Leech on The type was from Amurland. Specimens were obtained at Nagasaki and Fusan in June, at Gensan in July, and at Hakodate in August. Distribution. AMURLAND; KiusHiIu; YESSO; COREA. 1589. Crambus columbinellus, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 25.) Primaries grey with a brownish tinge on the basal two-thirds of costal area ; fringes grey with some black dots and traces of a silvery line at their base towards the inner angle. Secondaries pale fuscous, darker on outer margin ; fringes whitish. Expanse 21 millim. One female taken in May at Chang-yang. Halitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Allied to C. atrisquamalis, Hampson. B.S. 1590. Crambus fractellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 5.) Primaries brownish merging into greyish on inner marginal area, the latter dusted with black scales; there are indications of a black central line, similar to that in C. salinellus, Tutt, but more sharply angled below the costa; submarginal line very indistinct, except towards the inner margin; fringes greyish tinged with brown, preceded by black dots towards the inner angle. Secondaries whitish with a faint fuscous tinge, fringes whitish preceded by a brownish line. Expanse 26 millim. Two specimens from Omei-shan, taken in June or July. Halitat. WESTERN CHINA. Ri. & 1591. Crambus myellus. Crambus myellus, Hiibn., fig. 37. One example from Hakodate, taken by myself in August. Distribution. KUROPE.—Y ESSO. 1592. Crambus furciferals. Crambus furciferalis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. _- 1900, p. 371, pl. iti, fig. 17, Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 391 One specimen from Omei-shan, taken in June or July. The type was from Sutschau. Istribution, AMURLAND; WESTERN CHINA. 1593. Crambus miatalrs. Crambus miatalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 166 (1863). Described from Shanghai. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. 1594. Crambus obliterans. Crambus obliterans, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 169. Walker’s type was from Sarawak. Specimens were obtained in Satsuma in May, at Fusan and Gensan in June and July, and at Chang-yang in June. Distribution. CENTRAL CHINA; CoREA; KIUSHIU; BoRNEO. 15944. Crambus hortuellus. Crambus hortuellus, Hiibn., 46; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1895, p. 934. Mstribution. HEUROPE.—JAPAN. 1595. Crambus luceilus. Crambus lucellus, H.-S., iv, p. 59, v, pl. xix, fig. 135. Specimens were obtained at Nikko, Gensan and Chang- yang in June and July. Distribution. EuropE.— JAPAN; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1596. Crambus ornatellus. Crambus ornatellus, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 106, pl.v, fig. 2 (1889). I obtained the type, a male, at Nagahama in July. Habitat. JAPAN. 1597. Crambus yokohamex. Crambus yokohamex, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), iv, p. 456 (1879). 392 Mr. J. H. Leech on Crambus splendidellus, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi, p. 43. There were five specimens in Pryer’s collection. MIstribution. AMURLAND ; JAPAN. 1598. Crambus argyrophorus. Crambus argyrophorus, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 61, pl. xl, fig. 5 (1878) ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, p. 15 (1896). Type from Yokohama. I obtained specimens at Ningpo in April, and in Satsuma in May; a native collector took others at Ningpo in June and also in the isle of Kiushiu. Distribution. StKHIM (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; EASTERN CHINA. 1599. Crambus nigriscriptellus, sp. n. Primaries white, suffused with brownish on the inner marginal half; there are traces of an indented, dusky antemedial line on the inner marginal area ; the postmedial line is not well defined, but is traceable as a fuscous curve from the costa to a black angular mark placed almost at the extremity of a blackish longitudinal line from the base of the wing; submarginal line fuscous, parallel with margin, except towards costa; fringes white, preceded by a fuscous line and four black dots towards the inner angle. Secondaries white with a slight fuscous tinge. Expanse 30 millim. One female specimen from Wa-shan, July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Somewhat similar to a form of C. argyrophorus, Butl., occurring in Sikhim and at Ningpo, but C. nigriseriptellus is larger and the primaries are proportionately broader. 1600. Crambus procellanellus, Crambus procellanellus, Motsch., Etud. Ent., ix, p. 38 (1857). Crambus vigens, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), iv, p. 456 (1879). Crambus fucatellus, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi, p. 45. Six specimens in Pryer’s collection and one captured at Gensan in July. Distribution. JAPAN; COREA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 398 1601. Crambus picturatellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 4.) Primaries white, clouded and suffused with dark grey on basal area and sometimes on outer area also ; a blackish band traverses the medial area; this is outwardly angled at cell and is intersected by an interrupted transverse line; submarginal line double, blackish, enclosed space greyish-white, parallel with outer margin, except towards costa ; fringes grey, preceded by a double blackish line and a series of black dots. Secondaries whitish, tinged with fuscous on costal area, fringes preceded by a brownish line. Expanse 26-30 millim. Two male specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, one from Wa- shan, and one female from Chia-kou-ho. June and July. Habitat, WESTERN CHINA. R. 58. 1602. Crambus distinctellus. Crambus distinctellus, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 107, pl. v, fig. 1 (1889). Five specimens taken by myself at Hakodate in August. Habitat. YESSO. 1603. Crambus perlellus, Crambus perlellus, Scop., Ent. Carn., p. 243; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 16 (1896). Four specimens from Hakodate taken in August and one from Ni-tou. Distribution. EUROPE.—KASHMIR; YESSO; WESTERN CHINA. 1604. Crambus bipartellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 9.) Primaries white on costal area and greyish-brown on the inner marginal area ; fringes agree in colour with the wings, preceded by a brown line. Secondaries white, faintly tinged with fuscous, Expanse 24 millim. One male specimen from Moupin, taken in August. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Allied to C. nivellus, Koll, but without any white marking on the inner margin. R. 8. 394, Mr. J. H. Leech on 1605. Crambus purellus. Crambus purellus, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 7 (1889). I obtained four specimens at Hakodate in August. Habitat. YESSO. 1606. Crambus latellus. Crambus latellus, Snell., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 644 ; Tijd. Ent., xxxvi, pl. 11, fig. 7 (1893) ; Hampson, Fauna - Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 14 (1896). Crambus ngripunctellus, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 107, pl. v, fig. 10 (1889). One example of each sex taken at Ningpo by native collector, one male specimen obtained at Gensan. July. Distribution. JAPAN; DHARMSALA; KuHAsis; Naaas (Hampson); GENSAN; HASTERN CHINA. 1607. Crambus brevilinellus, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 3.) Primaries white with a short, oblique, black central line ; fringes glossy, golden-brown, preceded by a fine fuscous line and two black dots towards the inner angle ; there is a golden-brown cloud on the costa before the apex. Secondaries white, marginal line fuscous. Expanse 26 millim. Two specimens from Omei-shan, taken in June or July, and one example from Chang-yang, taken in June. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Allied to C. latellws, Snell. R. 8. 1608. Crambus nigrociliellus. Crambus nigrociliella, Zell., Chil. and Cramb., p. 52 (1863); nigriciliellus, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 17 (1896). Crambus inclaralis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 166 (1863). Crambus immaturellus, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi, p. 48. Two specimens from Shimonoseki and six from Gensan, taken in July, two from Kiushiu, the same number from Yokohama, and one from Chang-yang. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 395 Distribution. JAPAN; CHINA; DuHarmsdtA; BomBay (Hampson); COREA. | 1609. Crambus fuliginosellus, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 6.) Palpi, head, thorax and two-thirds of abdomen fuliginous, termi- nal third of abdomen whitish. Primaries dark grey, clouded with fuliginous on basal half and along basal two-thirds of costal area ; medial line dark brown, diffuse, almost straight ; postmedial line dark brown, parallel with outer margin, except towards the costa, slightly indented before the inner margin ; fringes dark grey, flecked with whitish. Secondaries white clouded with blackish at the base ; the outer margin bordered with black, tapering towards but not reaching the anal angle ; fringes glossy white. Expanse 20 millim. One male specimen from Chow-pin-sa, taken by a native collector in May or June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1610. Crambus atrosignatus. Crambus atrosignatus, Zell., Hor, Ent., Ross, xii. p. 43, pl. moe. 17 (1877). Described from Japan. 1611. Crambus humidellus. Crambus humidellus, Zell., Hore Ent., Ross, xiii, p. 42. The type was from Japan. Genus PLATYTES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 19 (1896). 1612. Platytes sinuosellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 8.) Primaries brown with a white stripe from the base just below costa to the apex, the middle of the stripe broader than the extrem- ities and its upper edge is black ; submarginal line blackish, origin- ating on the outer margin below the stripe, gently curving inwards to one-fourth, where it is sharply bent, returning to inner margin just above the angle; the area traversed by this line is whitish ; fringes glossy white, traversed by a thin brown line and preceded by a broader brown line on which are some darker dots towards the inner angle. Secondaries whitish, suffused with fuscous, especially on the outer margin ; fringes white preceded by a white line. Expanse 28 millim. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 27 396 Mr. J. H. Leech on One male specimen from Chow-pin-sa taken by a native collector in May or June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1613. Platytes interruptella. Argyria interruptella, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxv, p. 1763 (1866). Argyria inficitella, Walk., l.c., p. 1764. Argyria obliquella, Zell., Hore Ent., Ross, xiii, p. 58, pl. i, fig. 22 (1877). Argyria candida, Butl., , Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p- 590. The types of interruptella and inficitella were from Shanghai; the type of candida, Butl., was described from Tokio, and that of obliquella from Japan. Specimens were received from Ningpo, Fusan, Yokohama, Moupin, Wa-shan, and Chang-yang. April and June. Distribution. JAPAN; COREA; EASTERN, WESTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Genus EROMENE. Hubn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 23 (1896). 1614. Hromene expansa. Eromene expansa, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p 590. Type from Tokio. I obtained nine specimens at Foochow in April and have received others from Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN ; CENTRAL CHINA; FoocHow. 1615. Hromene superbella. Hromene superbella, Zell., Stettin, Ent. Zeit., 1849, p. 314; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 24 (1896). Three specimens from Chang-yang and one from Wa- shan, taken in May and June; also one example from Chang-yang taken in August. The latter is darker than either of the other specimens. Distribution. KuRoPE—SIND; PunsaB (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Feterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 397 Genus DIATRAA. Lands. Guild. Trans. Soc. Encour. Arts, xlvi, p. 143 (1832). 1616. Diatrea venosatus. Chilo venosatus, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 144 (1868). One example of each sex taken in August at Ichang. Walker’s type was from Sarawak. Distribution. BORNEO; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus CHILO. Zinck.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 26 . (1896). 1617. Chilo demotellus. Chilo demotella, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxv, p. 1749 (1866). One specimen taken at Hakone in August. The type, with two other Se es in the national collection, are not localized. Habitat. JAPAN ;— ? 1618. Chalo luteellus. Schenobius luteellus, Motsch., Bull. Mosc., xxxix, 1, p. 198 (1866). Chilo dubia, Baker, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1894, p. 48, pl. Be. 18. Chilo lutellus, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 956. Six male specimens from Chang-yang, taken in May and June ; one example obtained at Gensan in June. Distribution. AMURLAND; CENTRAL CHINA; JAPAN; SUMATRA. 1619. Chilo sumplex. Jartheza simplex, Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 690. Crambus zonellus, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 528, pl. xlviu, fig. 16. : 398 Mr. J. H. Leech on Chilo simplex, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 26 (1896). Butler’s type was from Formosa. Two specimens were obtained by native collector in the isle of Kiushiu, and two others at Hakodate. Distribution. JAPAN; CHUSAN; Formosa; MEEAN MEER, PunsJaB; KARACHI (Hampson); YESSO; KIUSHIU. 1620. Chilo gensanellus. Chilo gensanellus, Leech, Entom., xxi, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 9 (1889). The type was obtained by myself at Gensan in July. Distribution. COREA. 1621. Chilo suppressalis. Crambus suppressalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvu, p. 166 (1863). R Chilo suppressalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 27 (1896). Described from Shanghai. Distribution. MEEAN MEER, PuNJAB; SIBSAGAR; AssAM; CALCUTTA; CEYLON (Hampson); NORTH- HASTERN CHINA. Genus ESCHATA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths., iv, p. 28 (1896). 1622. Hschata chrysargyria. Cherecla chrysargyria, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxii, p. 634 (1865). Eschata argentata, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 227 (1887). Eschata chrysargyria, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 29 (1896). Distribution. NortH CHINA ; SIKHIM; KHAsIS; NAGAS, Manipur; NILGrrRis; RANGOON; CERAM (Hampson). Genus MESOLIA. Ragonot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1888, p. 282. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 399 1623. Mesolia tenebrella. Mesolia tenebrella, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1895, p. 963. Described from Ichang. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Genus PRIONOPTERYX. Steph. ; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 963. 1624. Prionopteryx marmorellus, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 24.) Primaries white dusted and clouded with brown ; a cuneiform patch of brown in the cell before the white lunule, an elongate patch between the median and sub-median nervures ; submarginal line white edged with brown ; fringes white tipped with brown, a brown line at their base and another through them. Secondaries white tinged with fuscous; submarginal line white edged internally with fuscous. Under surface whitish, the primaries suffused with fuscous from base to the submarginal line. Expanse 26 millim. One female from Ta-chien-lu, taken in July or August. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R.S. Genus ANCYLOLOMIA. Hiibn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 33 (1896). 1625. Ancylolomia chrysographella. Chilo chrysographella, Koll., Hiig. Kasch., iv, p. 494 (1844). Ancylolomia taprobanensis, Zell., Hor. Ent., Ross, xii, p. 25, pl. i, fig. 8 (1877); Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 381, pl. elxxxiv, figs. 2, 2a (1886). Ancylolomia chrysographella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 28 (1886). Occurs at Tsuruga, Gensan and in Satsuma, also at Chang-yang and Ichang. Distribution. SouTH AFRica.—ADEN; Formosa; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurRMA; PENANG (Hampson); JAPAN ; KIUSHIU; CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 400 Mr. J. H. Leech on Subfamily SCHG@NOBIIN 22. Genus LEECHIA nov. Palpi porrect, second and third joints conically scaled ; maxillary palpi well developed and dilated at the extremity. Antenne thick- ened and flattened. Tibia slightly hairy, outer spurs two-thirds length of inner. Neuration similar to that of Niphopyralis, Hampson, but all the wings have veins 4, 5, stalked. Type LZ. sinwosalis. | R. 8. 1626. Leechia sinuosalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 15.) Primaries white ; antemedial line black, almost straight ; post- medial line black, elbowed opposite the end of cell and angled before the inner margin, followed by a brownish shade ; a black dot at end ' of cell and one at apex of the wing. Secondaries white with a double, fuscous, central line ; outer marginal area tinged with brownish. Fringes tinged with greyish, preceded by a fuscous line and marked with black towards the apex of primaries. Expanse 15-20 millim. Two specimens from Chang-yang. July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. R. 8. 1627. Leechia bilinealis, sp. n. Differs from L. sinwosalis in having the antemedial line of prim- aries outwardly oblique and the postmedial line outwardly oblique to vein 6, thence inwardly oblique to the inner margin. Secondaries have a single central line. Expanse 18 millim. Four specimens from Chang-yang. July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. R. 8. Genus ACROPENTIAS. Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 470. 1628. Acropentias aureus. Micreschus awreus, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) i, p. 402 (1878). Marimatha straininea, Butl., I. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 70, pl. lvin, fig. 2. Sparagmia obtusalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi, p. 26 (1881). Distribution. AMURLAND; CHINA; JAPAN; COREA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 401 Genus PATISSA. Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 388 (1886). 1629. Patissa fulvosparsa. Apurima fulvosparsa, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 591. . Patissa tortwalis, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xxxvi, p. 58, pl. 1, fig. 3. Patissa fulvosparsa, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 44 (1896). Type from Tokio. There was one example in Pryer’s collection, and I received specimens from Nagasaki in the isle of Kiushiu, and from Gensan. Distribution. DHARMSALA; KuLU; Poona ; NILGIRIS; SHAN States; Java (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; COREA. Genus SCIRPOPHAGA. Treits.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 45 (1896). 1630. Scirpophaga chrysorrhoa. Scirpophaga chrysorrhoa, Zell., Mon, Chil. and Cramb., p. 1 (1863). Tripanea innotata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. xxxiii, p. 523 (1863). Scirpophaga chrysorrhoa, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 46 (1896). Distribution. CHINA; MERGUI; BoRNEO; JAVA; CERAM (Hampson). 1631. Scirpophaga auriflua. Scirpophaga auriflua, Zell., Mon. Chil. and Cramb., p. 2 (1863); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 46 (1896). Apurima xanthogastrella, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 194 (1863); Moore, Lep. Ceyl., ili, p. 388, pl. clxxxiv, fig. 14 (1886). Seirpophaga intacta, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xxxiv, p. 348, pl. xvii, figs. 1— 4. 402 Mr. J. H. Leech on Specimens were taken in Satsuma in May and at Sakata in August; my collectors met with the species at Ichang in June and July. Distribution. CoNGO.—SHANGHAI ; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and Burma; BornkEo; JAvA (Hampson) ; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; KIUSHIU; JAPAN. 1632. Scirpophaga eacerptalis. Chilo excerptalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 142 (1868). Scirpophaga excerptalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 46 (1896). I obtained specimens in Satsuma in May, at Sakata and Hakodate in August, and I have received examples from Ichang and Chang-yang taken in May, July, and August. Distribution. NortH-WrEst HIMALAYAS; BORNEO (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA; JAPAN; YESSO; KIUSHIU. Genus SCHENOBIUS. Dup.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 47 (1896). 1633. Schenobius dodatellus. Chilo dodatellus, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxx, p. 966 (1864). Schenobius dodatellus, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 48 (1896). Distribution. JAPAN; KHASIS; CEYLON; MOULMEIN ; RANGOON (Hampson). 1634. Schenobius gigantellus. Tinea gigantella, Schiff., Syst. Verz., p. 185; Hiibn., fig. 35. Chilo spwrcatellus, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 142 (1863): i Schenobius gigantellus, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 916. ) Spurcatellus was described from Shanghai. Distribution. HKUROPE.—HASTERN CHINA. 1635. Schenobius lineatus. Apurima lineata, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 457 (1879). Heterocera from’ China, Japan, and Corea. 403 One example in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN. 1686. Schenobius bipwnetifera. Tripanea bipunctifera, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 523 (1863). Schanobius bipunctifera, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., 1, p. 385, pl. elxxxiv, fig. 13 (1886); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 48 (1896). Seven specimens from Omei-shan, taken in June and July. Distribution. CHINA; Formosa; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA; SuMATRA; JAVA; BORNEO (Hamp- son) ; WESTERN CHINA. Genus CIRRHOCHRISTA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv. p. 49 (1896). 1637. Cirrhochrista brizoalis. Margaronia brizoalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 976 (1859). Cirrhochrista brizoalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 50 (1896). I captured three specimens at Nagasaki in June, and received one from Chang-yang. Distribution. Formosa; NortH-West HIMALAYAS; BomBay; NILerris; BorNEoO; CELEBES; AUSTRALIA (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU; SOUTHERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Subfamily ANERASTIIN 2. Genus OSAKIA. Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 320 (1901). 1638. Osakia lineolella. Osakia lineolella, Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 32], pl. xliii, fig. 21 (1901). I have one specimen, taken by myself at Oiwake in October, that appears to be referable to this species. Habitat. JAPAN. 404 Mr. J. H. Leech on Genus HYPSOTROPHA. Hypsotropha, Zeller, Isis, 1848, p. 591. — Hypsotropha, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 54 (1896). 1639. Hypsotropha solipwnetella. Hypsotropha solipunctella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 377, pl. xliii, fig. 23 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. 1640. Hypsotropha syriacella. Hypsotropha syriacella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 377, pl. Xxxix, fig. / (1901). Distribution. SYRIA; CHANG-HAI (CHINA). Genus ENOSIMA. Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 389 (1901). 1641. Hnosima neesimella. Enosima neesimella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 390, pl. xliu, fig. 22 (1901). ; The type, a male, was in Pryer’s collection, now in the possession of Dr. Holland of Pittsburgh. I obtained one specimen at Gensan in July. Distribution. JAPAN; COREA. 1642. Hnosima flavescentella. Enosima flavescentella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vin, p. 390, pl. xl, fig. 18 (1901). } Two specimens from Ichang taken in August. My col- lectors did not meet with this species in other parts of China that they visited. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Genus ANERASTIA. Hiibn., Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 394 (1901). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 405 1643. Anerastia leucoteniella. Anerastia lewcoteniella, Rag., Nouv. Gen., p. 48 (1888); Rom. sur Lép., viii, p. 401, pl. xl, fig. 3 (1901). The type, a female, in Coll. Staud. Habitat. JAPAN. Genus EMMALOCERA. Ragonot, Nouv. Gen., p. 38 (1888). 1644. EHmmalocera gensanalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 30.) Primaries ochreous strongly suffused with rosy, except on the basal three-fourths of the costa. Secondaries whitish tinged with fuscous fringes, preceded by a dark line. Under surface fuscous, secondaries paler. . Expanse 25 millim. One male specimen taken by Mr. Leech at Gensan in July 1887. Habitat. COREA. Allied to A. strigosa, Staud., from Syria and Amurland. R. 8. 1645. Hmmalocera umbricostella. Emmalocera wmbricostella, Rag., Nouv. Gen., p. 88 (1888) ; Mon. Phye., pl. xxxvi, fig. 10. Polyocha umbricostella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 62 (1896). There was a specimen in Pryer’s collection which seems to be an example of this species; it has indications of a post-medial series of black dots on the primaries. Three specimens were obtained at Gensan in July, and one example at Ichang in August. Distribution. NoRTH-W EST HIMALAYAS; FLORES(Hamp- son); JAPAN; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. Subfamily PHYCITIN 42. Genus NYCTEGRETIS. Zeller, Isis, 1848, p. 650. 1646. Nyctegretis triangulella. Nyctegretis triangulella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 29, pl. xliui, fig. 17 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. 406 Mr. J. H. Leech on Genus HyPHANTIDIVM. Scott ; Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 72 (1901). 1647. Hyphantidium funerellum. Hyphantidium funerellum, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., viii, p.75, pl. xl, fig. 16 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus EPHESTIA. Guenée, Eur. Microlep. Ind. Meth., p. 81 (1845). 1648. Hphestia cautella. Pempelia ‘cautella, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 73 (1868). Ephestia cautella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 66 (1896). There were two specimens in Pryer’s collection, and I have received one from Ichang, the latter taken in August. Distribution. ADEN; BHUTAN; CEYLON; SUMBAWA (Hampson) ; JAPAN; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus HoMaosoMA. Curt.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 66 (1896). 1649. Homeosoma suberetacella. Homeosoma suberetacella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vin, p. 246, pl. xlin, fig. 18 (901). Habitat. JAPAN. 1650. Homceosoma osakiella. Homeosoma osakiella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vi, p. 254, pl. xliu, fig. 19 (1901). I obtained a specimen of this species at Hakodate in August. Habitat. JAPAN; YESSO. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 407 1651. Homeosoma nipponella. Homeosoma nipponella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 252, pl. xliu, fig. 20 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus EUZOPHERA. Zeller, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., (3) v, p. 456 (1867). 1652. Huzophera brgella. Ephestia bigella, Zell., Isis, 1848, p. 596. There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. KUROPE.—J APAN. 1653. Huzophera diminutella. Huzophera diminutella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 45, pl. din, fig. 15 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus NEPHOPTERYX. Hiibn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 76 (1896). 1654. Nephopteryx bicolorella. Nephopteryx bicolorelia, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 5 (1889); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 79 (1896). The type, a female, was from Tokio. Distribution. DALHOUSIE (Hampson); JAPAN. 1655. Nephopteryx hostilis. Nephopteryx hostilis, Steph., Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust., iv, p. 307. One specimen from Gensan taken in June, and one from Ichang taken in July. Distribution. HUROPE.—CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1656. Nephopteryx rubrizonella. Nephopteryx rubrizonella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 277 (1893), viii, pl. xlii, fig. 12 (1901). 408 Mr. J. H. Leech on Nephopteryx rubrizonella, Matsumura, Annot. Zool. Japan, LSSion. 4. pl. 1. Described from a female specimen from Japan. Habitat, JAPAN. 1657. Nephopteryx senirubella. Phalena semirubella, Scop., Ent. Carn., p. 245 (1768). Tinea carnella, Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 887 (1767). Tinea sanguinella, Hiibn., Tin., fig. 65 (1800). Nephopteryx semirubella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 84 (1896). Salebria icterella, Rag., Nouv. Phycit., p. 18 (1888). Laodamia semirubella, var. icterella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 416, pl. xvii, fig. 4 (1893). I obtained this specimen in Satsuma in May, at Naga- saki and Fusan in June, and at Gensan in July. My collectors took specimens at Ichang in June and August. There were specimens of the var. zcterella in Pryer’s collection, and I obtained examples of the same form from Fusan and Gensan in June and July. Distribution. EUROPE.—SYRIA ; SIBERIA; DHARMSALA (Hampson); KiusH1Iu; CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1658. Nephopteryx ocelliferella. Oligochroa ocelliferella, Rag., Nouv. Phycit., p. 21 (1888); Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 393, pl. xi, fig. 11 (1893). The type, a female taken in August, was from Tchefoo. Habitat. CHINA. Genus SELAGIA. Hiibn.; Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 467 (1893). 1659. Selagia argyrella. Selagia argyrella (S.V., p. 135, n. cat.), Fab. Mant., i, p. 242; Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii., p. 475 (1898). Four specimens from Gensan taken in July. Distribution. KUROPE.—CENTRAL ASIA; AMURLAND; JAPAN. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 409 1660. Selagia janthinella. Nephopteryx janthinella, Hiibn., fig. 374; Zell., Isis, 1846, p. 752. Selagia spadicella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 472 (1898). Two specimens in Pryer’s collection appear to be refer- able to this species. Distribution, HUROPE.—JAPAN. Genus EPICROCIS. Zell.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 85 (1896). 1661. Lpicrocis egnusalis. Pyralis egnusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 905 (1859). Homeosoma derasella, Swinh., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1885, p. 877, pl. lvii, fig. 19. Epicrocis egnusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 85 (1896). Distribution. MADAGASCAR.—CHINA; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BuRMA; SUMATRA, AUSTRALIA (Hampson). 1662. Lpicrocis hilarella. Epicrocis hilarella, Rag., Nouv. Phycit., p. 22 (1888); Rom, sur Lép., vii, p. 438, pl. xii, fig. 7 (1893) ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 87 (1896). Distribution. CHINA; MuURREE; SIMLA; CEYLON (Hampson). Genus SAMARIA. Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 58 (1893). 16638. Samaria ardentella. Samaria ardentella, Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 59 (1898) ; viul, pl. xliu, fig. 5 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus MYELOIS. Hiibner, Verz.-bek.-Schmett, p. 371 (? 1818). 410 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1664. Myelois cribrella. Myelois cribrella, Hiibn.; Rag, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 34 (1898). One example obtained by a native collector in Kiushiu. Distribution. KUROPE.—ALTAI; KIUSHIU. Genus PHYCITA. Curt. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 90 (1896), 1665. Phycita abietella. Tinea abretella, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 138. Phycita abietella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. India, Moths, iv. p. 91 (1896). Distribution. UNITED STATES.—EUROPE.—JAPAN ; SIMLA (Hampson). 1666. Phycita rubella. Dioryctria rubella, Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., vii. p. 538, pl. lvi, fig. 15 (1901). A specimen from Chusan in the national collection at South Kensington. Habitat, CHINA. 1667. Phycita pryert. Dioryctria pryeri, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 194 (1898) ; viii, pl. xlin, fig. 7 (1901). One specimen from Kiushiu. Halitat. JAPAN and KIUSHIU. Genus PHYCITOPSIS. Ragonot, North Am. Phye., p. 4 (1888); Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 185 (1898). 1668. Phycitopsis hemileucella. Phycitopsis hemaleucella, Hampson, Rom. sur Lép., vin, p- 582, pl. lvi. fig. 12 (1901). Habitat, JAPAN. Genus LAODAMIA. Ragonot, Rom. sur. Lép., vu, p. 403 (1893). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 411 1669. Laodamia griseosparsella. Laodamia griseosparsella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 407 (1893) ; vii, pl. xi, fig. 10 (1901). Laodamia griseosparsella, var. nigrans, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 407, pl. xl, fig. 11. Habitat. JAPAN. 1670. Laodamia mikadella. Laodamia mikadella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 412 (1893) ; viii, pl. xlin, fig. 9 (1901). The type was in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN. 1671. Laodamiad mundellalts. Nephopteryx mundellalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 67 (1863). Laodamia mundellalis, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vi, p. 413 Orage); vil, pl xh, fig. 19 (1901). The type was from Shanghai. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. 1672. Laodamia furvicostella. Laodamia furvicostella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 413 (1893); viii, pl. xli, fig. 8 (1901). Type from Yesso. Habitat. NortH JAPAN. Genus ELASMOPALPUS. Blanchard, Gay’s Chili, vii, p. 104 (1852). 1673. EHlasmopalpus bipartitellus. - Llasmopalpus bipartitellus, Leech, Entom., xx, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 4 (1889). The type was in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN, Genus MELITENE. Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vil, p. 6 (1893). TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 28 412 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1674. Melitene brfidella. Melitene bifidella, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 8 (1889). The type was in Pryer’s collection. Halitat. JAPAN. Genus RHODOPHAA. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 98 (1896). | 1675. Rhodophxa encaustella. Acrobasis encaustella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 101, pl. xi, fig. 12 (1893). Distribution. CHINA and JAPAN. 1676. Rhodophxa scabrilineella. Acrobasis scabrilineella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 95 (1893); viii, pl. xi, fig. 6 (1901). Habitat, JAPAN. 1677. Rhodophzxa tokiella. EHurhodope (Rhodophxa) tokiella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vil, p. 76 (1898); viii, pl. xlin, fig. 4 (1901). Habitat. JAPAN. 1678. Rhodophxa dichromelia. Eurhodope (Rhodophea) dichromella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vii, p. 75 (1893); viii, pl. xl, fig. 3 (1901). Described from a female specimen in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN. 1679. Rhodophxa bellulella, Hurhodope (Rhodophxa) bellulella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 71 (1893); vii, pl. xliii, fig. 2 (1901). The type, a female, was in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN, -1680. Rhodophxa hollandella. Lurhodope (Khodophxa) hollandella, Ragonot, Rom. sur Lép., vil, p».70 (1893); viii, pl. xlii, fig. 1 (1901). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 413 I have an example from Japan, but the locality from which it came is uncertain. Habitat. JAPAN. Genus CEROPREPES. Zeller, Stett. ent. Zeit., 1867, p. 401. 1681. Ceroprepes patriciella. Ceroprepes patriciella, Zell., Stett. ent. Zeit., 1867, p. 401, pl. ui, figs. 4a, 4b; Rag., Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 9, pl. iv, fig. 2 (1893). One male specimen taken in June or July at Pu-tsu- fong. Distribution. SIKHIM ; WESTERN CHINA. 1682. Ceroprepes pulvillella. Nephopteryx pulvillella, Zell., Stett. ent. Zeit., 1867, p. 394, pl. 11, fig. 3. Ceroprepes pulvillella, Rag, Rom. sur Lép., vu, p. 11, pl. iv, fig. 1 (1893) ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 104 (1896). One female example taken at Omei-shan in July or August. Distribution. SIKHIM; WESTERN CHINA. Genus ETIELLA. Zell.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 108 (1896). 1683. LHtrella zinckenella. Phycis zinckenella, Treit., Schmett., Eur., ix, 1, p. 201 (1832). Crambus sabulinus, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 456 (1879). Eitvella zinckenella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 108 (1896). There were specimens in Pryer’s collection, and I received others from Chang-yang and Ichang. Distribution. UNIVERSAL. Sub-family HPIPASCHIIN &. Genus ARNATULA. Staudinger, Iris, vi, p. 78 (1898). 414 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1684, Arnatula melanophia. Nocturides melanophila, Staud., Iris, v, p. 466, pl. iui, fig. 22 (1892). Parorthaga euryptera, Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1894, p. 476. Arnatula melanophia, Staud., Iris, vi, p. 78 (1893) ; Hamp- son, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 566 (1896). I took a specimen at Nagahama in July. Distribution. BHUTAN ; CEYLON ; SUMBAWA (Hampson) ; AMURLAND ; JAPAN, Genus MACALLA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 112 (1896). 1685. Macalla inimica. Locastra mimica, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 448 (1879). Pseudolocastra imimica, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vii, p. 429 (1891). Described from Yokohama. Occurs also in Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN ; K1USHIU. 1686. Macalla amica. Locastra amica, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 447 (1879). Described from Yokohama. I obtained the species at Fushiki and Nagahama in July, and have received specimens from Mr. Manley of Yokohama. There were specimens, without locality, in Pryer’s collection. Halitat. JAPAN. 1687. Macalla moncusalis. Lamida moncusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. xvi, p. 252 (1858). Allata penicillata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 111 (1863). 3 Orthaga obscura, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 201 (1887). Macalla moncusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 113 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 415 One specimen, captured by myself in Satsuma in May, appears to be referable to the penicillata form of this variable species. Distribution. SIKHIM; BuHuTrdAN; NAcas; MANIPUR (Hampson) ; KrusHIv. 1688. Macalla nigrescens. Parasarama (2) nigrescens, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vu, p. 428 (1891). Macalla nigrescens, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 464. Described from Yesso. Specimens in Pryer’s collection. I have one example from the island of Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN and KIUSsHIU. 1689. Macalla margarita. Locasira margarita, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 66, pl. lvii, fig. 4 (1879). Locastra lativitta, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 199, pl. vu, fig. 1 (1887). Macalla margarita, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 116 (1896). Described from Yokohama. Mstribution. JAPAN; SrIKHIM; KuAsis; NILGIRIS; BorneEO (Hampson). Genus LOCASTRA. Walk. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 118 (1896). 1690. Locastra muscosalis. Taurica muscosalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiv, p. 1269 (1865). Locastra cristalis, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ix, p. 157, pl. clxxii, fig. 8 (1893). Locastra muscosalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iy, p. 119 (1896). Muscosalis was described from North China. I took specimens at Nagasaki in June; others were obtained in 416 Mr. J. H. Leech on the island of Kiushiu by a native collector, and I have received examples from Ichang, Chang-yang, and Moupin. Occurs in June and July. Distribution. NoRTH CHINA ; SIKHIM ; NAGAS; CEYLON ; RancGoon (Hampson); KiusHiu ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus STERICTA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 420 (1896). 1691. Stericta haraldusalis. Locastra (?) haraldusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 160 (1858). Craneophora ficki, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi (1), p. 2 (1881). Scopocera variegata, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 208, pl. vii, fig. 4 (1887). Blenopholis striata, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vu, p. 90, pl. cxxx1v, fig. 3 (1889). Stericta haraldusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 421 (1896). One specimen in Pryer’s collection, one from Chang- yang, and one from Moupin. June. Distribution. Sim~A; DuHaRMSALA; KuLu; SIKHIM; TENASSERIM ; BORNEO (Hampson); AMURLAND; JAPAN ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus ORTHAGA. Walk. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 124 (1896). 1692. Orthaga oliwacea. Hyperbalanotis olivacea, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vu, p. 438 (1891). There were two specimens in Pryer’s collection, one of which was labelled from Loochoo; my native collector obtained one example in Kiushiu, and I have received one from Chang-yang; the latter was taken in June. One specimen from Chia-kou-ho, taken in July, seems to be referable to this species, but it is not in very good condition for identification. Distribution. JAPAN; Kiusaiu ; LoocHoo; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 417 1693. Orthaga achatina. Glossina achatina, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., uu, p. 56, pl. xxxviil, fig. 10 (1878). Described from Yokohama. I obtained specimens at Nagahama, T’suruga, and Fushiki in July, and my native collector took others in the island of Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN and K1USHIU. 1694. Orthaga onerata. Bleptina onerata, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 447 (1879). Orthaga onerata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 126 (1896). Described from Yokohama. There were seven specimens in Pryer’s collection, two of which are from Yokohama ; I obtained one example at Nagahama in July. Distribution. JAPAN; BHUTAN; JAVA (Hampson), 1695. Orthaga basalts, sp. n. Differs from O. onerata, Butl., in having the basal patch well defined, its outer edge nearly straight, and followed by a blackish line ; the postmedial line is blackish, sinuous, indented towards the costa, and again above the inner margin ; the central area, between the transverse lines, is clearer than in O. onerata. Expanse 20 millim. One specimen in Pryer’s collection; I took one example at Nagasaki in June, and another at Gensan in July. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHIu; COREA. R. 5. Subfamily ENDOTRICHIN 41. Genus ENDOTRICHA. Zell.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 132 (1896). 1696. Endotricha theonalis. Pyralis theonalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 900 (1859). Pyralis (?) thermusalis, Walk., l.c., p. 912. Zama wnicalis, Walk., |. c., xxxiv, p. 1257 (1865). 418 Mr. J. H. Leech on The types of all the above were from Shanghai. Halitat. EASTERN CHINA. (1697. Endotricha afinialis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 22.) Primaries ochreous, brown tinged with violet ; antemedial line limiting a violet basal patch almost straight, bordered outwardly with yellow ; submarginal line blackish, edged with yellow, commencing on the costa near apex, thence gently curved to inner angle ; some white dots on costa towards apex. Secondaries pale violet with a darker- edged yellow medial band. Fringes whitish, preceded by a dark line. Under surface ochreous, suffused with fuscous, tinged with violet on the primaries, except inner marginal area and the outer third of secondaries ; all the wings havea double transverse line ; primaries have a dark discal mark and some white dots on the costa. Expanse 17 millim. One male specimen taken by Mr. Leech at Tsuruga in July 1886. This species is distinguished from #. flammealis, Schiff, and its nearest allies, by the curved submarginal line. i. 1698. Endotricha portialis. Endotricha portialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvu, p. 391 (1863). Endotricha acrobasalis, Suell., Tijd. Ent., xxxvi, p. 155, pl. x, Ae. ‘1. Endotr ichopsis rhodopteralis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvi, p. 467 (1895). Habitat. JAPAN; BORNEO; JAVA. 1699. Hndotricha costemaculalis. Endotricha costemaculalis, Christ., Bull. Mosce., lvi (1), p. 4 (1881); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 1383 (1896). Endotricha fuscobasalis, Ragonot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1890, p. 526. I took one specimen in Satsuma in May; and I received one from Chang-yang, and another from Moupin, both taken in June. | Distribution. SIBERIA; JAPAN; DALHOUSIE; SIKHIM (Hampson); KIUSHIU ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Fleterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 419 1700. Endotricha ardentalis. Endotricha ardentalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 135 (1896). A specimen taken by myself at Fusan in June appears to be referable to this species, but the antemedial line is yellow instead of white. Distribution. BautTaAN ; COREA. 1701. Endotricha consocia. Doththa consocia, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) ly, p. 452 (1879). There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. I obtained examples at Fushiki and Tsuruga in July, and I received two from Moupin. Two of the Japanese specimens have the secondaries almost unicolorous, and the primaries are strongly tinged with pink. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1702. Endotricha icelusalis. Pyralis welusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 900 (1859). Rhodaria flavofascialis, Brem., Ost. Sib., p. 65, pl. vi, fig. 1 (1864). Pyralis rosealis, Walk., 1. c., xxxiv, p. 1236 (1865). Both icelwsalis and rosealis were described from North China. | I took specimens at Ningpo and Gensan in July, and have received others from Chang-yang, taken in June and July. The rosealis form is represented by one example from Gensan. Habitat. EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; COREA; AMURLAND. Genus CATAPROSOPUS. Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 589. 1703. Cataprosopus monstrosus. Cataprosopus monstrosus, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 590. , Described from Tokio. 4.20 Mr. J. H. Leech on I obtained specimens at Gensan in July, and at Hakodate in August. One example was received from Chang-yang, taken in June. Mstribution, CENTRAL CHINA; COREA; JAPAN; YESSO. Genus TRICHOPHYSETIS. Meyr.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 138 (1896). 1704. Trichophysetis cretacea. Hydrocampa cretacea, Butl., I. Typ. Lep. Het., iu, p. 75, pl. lix, fig. 8 (1879). Paraponyx obnubilalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi, p. 32. Type from Yokohama. There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. AUSTRALIA ; NORFOLK ISLAND (Hampson) ; AMURLAND; JAPAN. 1705. Trichophysetis hampsoni, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 28.) Primaries whitish, faintly tinged with ochreous, two sub-basal brownish dots, one near the costa, the other near the inner margin ; traces of an oblique, fuscous antemedial line, elbowed towards the costa ; postmedial line, brown, double, outwardly oblique almost to outer margin, then curved inwards to inner margin ; apical area suffused with ochreous brown and with some brownish specks on it ; marginal line brown, inwardly edged with whitish, commencing in a short oblique dash from the apex. Secondaries whitish, tinged with ochreous ; antemedial line black, curved, with a black spot on it about the middle; postmedial line double, oblique but curving inwards towards abdominal margin ; the inner line is black and the outer brown. Fringes agree in colour with the wings, but those of primaries are glossy. Expanse 23 millim. One female specimen from Ichang taken in June. There are two specimens from Khasis in the national collection. Distribution. CENTRAL CHINA; KHASIS. Allied to 7. nigricincta, Hampson. R.S. Genus HENDECASIS. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 140 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 421 1706. Hendecasis apiciferalis. Pyralis (2?) apiciferalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiv, p. 1236 (1865). Described from Shanghai. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. Genus COTACHENA. Moore; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 142 (1896). 1707. Cotachena histricalts. Botys histricalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. xvii, p. 655 (1859). Cotachena histricalis, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 1x, pl clxxu, fig. 5 (1893); Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 142 (1896). Archermis pubescens, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 800 (1892). Described from Shanghai. I obtained specimens in Satsuma in May, and at Nagasaki and Fujisan in June; my native collector captured examples at Ningpo, and in the island of Kiushiu, and others have been received from Chang-yang ; these last were also taken in May and June. Distribution. DHARMSALA ; SikHiM; NAGAs ; NILGIRIS ; CEYLON (Hampson); JAPAN; KiusHIU; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Subfamily PYRALIN A, Genus AGLOSSA. Latr.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 147 (1896). 1708. Aglossa dimidiata. Crambus dimidiatus, Haw., Lep. Brit., p. 372. Pyralis circularis, Motsch., Etud. Ent., vi, p. 36 (1860). Aglossa micalialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 277 (1859). Aglossa achatina, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 72, pl. lviui, fig. 6 (1879). Aglossa dimidiata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 147 (1896). 429, Mr. J. H. Leech on Type of achatina, Butl., was from Yokohama, and that of micalialis, Walk., from Shanghai. I obtained a series of eight specimens at Gensan in June. Distribution. NILGIRIS; BERNARDMYO ; BURMA (Hamp- son); JAPAN; CoREA; EASTERN CHINA. Genus HYPSOPYGIA. Hiibn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 148 (1896). : 1709. Hypsopygia lucillalis. Pyralis lucillalis, Walk. Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 268 (1859). Hypsopygia laticilialis, Ragonot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1891, p. 28. Hypsopygia mauritialis, Boisd., Faun. Madag., p. 119, pl. xvi, fig. 8 (1833); Hampson, Fauna brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 148 (1896). Walker’s type was from Shanghai. Distribution. CHINA; Norta - West HIMALAYAS ; MANIPUR; POONA ; BURMA ; SUMATRA; JAVA; CELEBES (Hampson). 1710. Hypsopygia regina. Pyralis regina, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 452 (1879). Hypsopygia regina, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 149 (1896). | Two specimens taken at Nikko by a native collector, and one example in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. JAPAN; ASKA; GANJAM; RANGOON (Hampson). Genus PYRALIS. Linn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 149 (1896). . 1711. Pyralis farinahs. Pyralis farinalis, Linn., Syst. Nat., x, 226. Pyralis fraterna, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iu, p. 70, pl. lviti, fig. 4 (1879). Type of fraterna was from Yokohama. Two specimens were taken in Kiushiu by my native collector. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 423 Distribution. PALMARCTIC, ATHIOPIAN, NEARCTIC, NEOTROPICAL REGIONS ; AFGHANISTAN ; AUSTRALIA; NEW ZEALAND (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1712. Pyralis prctalis. Pyralis pictalis, Curtis, Brit. Ent., pl. 503; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 150 (1896). Pyralis elachia, Butl., Ul. Typ. Lep. Het., iui, p. 70, pl. lviii, fig. 3 (1879). Type of elachia was from Yokohama. Five specimens taken at Ichang in June and August, and one from Moupin taken in August. Distribution. EUROPE—WEST AFRICA.—J APAN; NORTH- West HimaayAs ; NAcAs; CEYLON ; BURMA; SUMATRA ; GILBERT IsLAND (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1713. Pyralis moupinalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 19.) Primaries grey-brown ; ante- and postmedial lines white, slightly curved, each commencing in a white spot on the costa and with white dots on the costa between them; the postmedial line is dentate to- wards the inner margin. Secondaries tinged with purplish; ante- and postmedial lines white, the first rather oblique and the second wavy. Fringes agree with the wings in colour and are preceded by a brown line. Under surface fuscous with a purplish reflection ; primaries have a white dot on apical third of costa and a white postmedial line on the secondaries, Expanse 25 millim, Two specimens from Moupin taken in June. Habitat, WESTERN CHINA. Re Ds 1714. Pyralis manihotalis. Pyralis manthotalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 121 (1854). Pyralis gerontesalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p.896 (1859). One male specimen from Moupin and another from Ta- chien-lu ; a female from Pu-tsu-fong. June and July. These Chinese specimens more nearly approach geronte- salis than the type. The transverse lines, which are white and well defined, are nearer together in the’ female than in the male. Distribution. Cate ORIENTAL, and AUSTRALIAN Recions (Hampson) ; WESTERN CHINA. 494, Mr. J. H. Leech on 1715. Pyralis regalis. Pyralis regalis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 124 (1776) ; Hamp- son, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 152 (1896). Pyralis princeps, Butl, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 91, pl. exxxiv, fig. 12 (1889). | Specimens were taken by myself at Gensan in July, and at Hakodate in August. There were three examples in Pryer’s collection. | Distribution. SoutH EurRorpE.—AMURLAND ; JAPAN; DHARMSALA (Hampson); YESSO; COREA. Genus TEGULIFERA. Saalm ;. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 152 (1896). 1716. Tegulifera faviusalis, Pyralis faviusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p, 907 (1859). Tegulrfera faviusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 152 (1896). One example from Ichang, taken in July. Distribution. NortH-WrEst HIMALAYAS; SIKHIM; MARGHARITA; AssaAM; NAGAS; BoRNEO (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus PARACME. Lederer, Wien. Ent. Mon., vu, p. 338 (1863). 1717. Paracme racilialis. Pyralis racilialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 899 (1859). Paracme ansulsalrs, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 389, pl vy hic. “11 (1863). Walker’s type was from North China, and that described by Lederer from Ningpo. Four specimens from Chang-yang, taken in June. Distribution. NORTHERN, HASTERN, and CENTRAL CHINA. Genus STEMMATOPHORA. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 154 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 425 1718. Stemmatophora albiguttata. Pyralis albiguttata, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vil, p. 496 (1891). Stemmatophor a albiguttata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 156 (1896). Distribution. JAPAN; KuAsis (Hampson). 1719. Stemmatophora bilinealts, sp. n. Purplish-brown with two ochreous transverse lines on each wing ; the lines on the primaries are straight ; the outer one terminating on the inner margin just before the angle ; the lines on the secondaries are curved. Under surface similar to above, but the lines are very faint on secondaries, and almost entirely absent on the primaries. Expanse 22 millim. One male specimen from Ichang, taken in June. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. iis 1720. Stemmatophora bicoloralis. Endotricha breoloralis, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 65, pl. iv, me. 17. Pyralis duleiculalis, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 418; Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, pl. clvi, fig. 138 (1891). Stemmatophora bicoloralis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 157 (1896). Type from Gensan. There were two specimens in Pryer’s collection, and four examples were obtained in June at Ichang and Chang-yang. DMstribution. JAPAN; MAHABLESHWAR; NILGIRIS (Hampson) ; COREA ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1721. Stemmatophora valida. Pyralis valida, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 451 (1879). I have specimens from Shimonoseki, Fushiki, and Kiushiu taken in July and August. Habitat. JAPAN and KIUSHIU. Genus TAMRACA. Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 554 (1887). 426 Mr. J. H. Leech on T(Z2. Tamraca torridalis. Asopia torridalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 342, pl. vi, fig. 15 (1863). Tamraca torridalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., 11, pl. ccxv, figs. 7, 8 (1887); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 159 (1896). Varnia (2?) incerta, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiii, p. 829 (1865). I obtained specimens at Nagahama and Fushiki in July, and others were taken by native collector in Nikko and Kiushiu. Distribution. CHINA; NorTH-WEsT HIMALAYAS; NAGAs; Bompay; CEYLON; BurmMA; JAVA; CELEBES (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU. Genus HERCULIA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 159 (1896). 1723. Herculia glaucinalis. Pyralis glaucinalis, Linn., Syst. Ent., x, 533. Pyralis yokohamex, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 452 (1879). I obtained specimens at Fusan and Gensan, and have received others from Kiushiu, Ichang, and Chia-ting-fu. There was one example in Pryer’s collection. Occurs in July. Distribution. EuRropE.—JAPAN; KiusHiu; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1724. Herculia nannodes. Pyralis nannodes, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 71, pl. lviu, fig. 5 (1879). Type from Yokohama. Habitat. JAPAN. 1725. Herculia placens. fhodaria placens, Butl, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 72, pl. lvin, fig. 10 (1879). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 427 Type from Yokohama. There were two specimens in Pryer’s collection, and I received one example from Chang- yang. The Chinese specimen is rather paler than those from Japan. Distribution, JAPAN; CENTRAL CHINA. 1726. Herculia japonica. Hypsopygia japonica, Warren, Ann.and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vu, p. 499 (1891). One specimen from Tokio, another from Omei-shan, and a third from Moupin. June and July. The specimens vary in size. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1727. Herculia igniflualis. Pyralis igniflualis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 268 (1859). Flerculia igniflualis, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ix, pl. clxxu, fig. 10 (1893); Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 161 (1876). Two specimens from Moupin, one taken in June, the other in August. Distribution. NILGIRIs ; CEYLON; BoRNEO (Hampson) ; WESTERN CHINA. 1728. Herculia pelasgalis. Pyralis pelasgalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 269 (1859). Described from “ North China.” One specimen in Pryer’s collection. I took one at Gensan in July. My native collector obtained the species in Kiushiu and at Nikko, and I have received specimens from Chang-yang, Moupin, and the province of Kwei-chow. Occurs in June and July. Distribution. JAPAN ; KiusHIu ; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1729. Herculia bilinealis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 20.) Primaries pale brown, dusted with darker scales and slightly tinged with pink ; ante- and postmedial lines pale ochreous, as also are the TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 29 428 Mr. J. H. Leech on fringes. Secondaries pale ochreous dusted with brownish scales ; an irregular clear transverse space just beyond the middle of the wing ; fringes pale ochreous preceded by a brownish line. Under surface similar to above. Expanse 30 millim. Two specimens from Chang-yang. July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. - R. 8. Genus LAMACHA. Walk. ; Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 526. 1730. Lamacha bilineolata. Lamacha bilineolata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvu, p. 8 (1863). Described from North China. Genus LOPHOPALPIA. Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 526. 1731. Lophopalpia pawperalis. Cataprosopus pauperalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 70, pl. iv, fig. 11 (1889). Lophopalpia pauperalis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 526. Taken in the neighbourhood of Yokohama by Mr. Manley. Distribution. PuLto Laut; JAPAN. Genus OMPHALOCERA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 167 (1896). 1732. Omphalocera hirta, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 11.) Head and thorax black-brown, collar reddish-brown, patagia mixed with pale brown; abdomen brown. Primaries reddish brown powdered with black scales ; antemedial line of the clear ground- colour with a series of tufts of black-brown scales upon it—three on the costal area, one below the median nervure, and one on the inner margin ; a triangular ochreous apical patch, traversed by an oblique Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 429 streak near its inner edge, and with a short, ochreous, biangulate line from its lower point ; marginal line black, inwardly edged with ochreous. Secondaries fuliginous; marginal line black, double. Under surface fuliginous ; primaries ochreous on the apical third of costa ; postmedial line ochreous, dentate, outwardly oblique to vein 3 thence inwardly oblique to vein 1; secondaries have traces of a pale, curved, postmedial line. Expanse 38 millim. One specimen from Chow-pin-sa, one from Omei-shan, one from Kiukiang, and one from Gensan. Juneand July. Distribution. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; COREA. R. 8. Genus TOCCOLOSIDA. Walker, Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 14 (1863). 1733. Toccolosida rubriceps. Toccolosida rubriceps, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 14 (1863) ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 169 (1896). One male specimen taken in June at Moupin. DMistribution. StkKHIM; BuHutTAN; Kudsis; NaAGas; BoRNEO (Hampson); WESTERN CHINA. Genus SACADA. Walk. ; Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 528. 1734. Sacada approximans. Datanoides approximans, Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 636, pl. xxxu, fig. 4. Sacada inordinata, Hampson (part), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 529. Five males and four females in Pryer’s collection, one female taken by myself at Fushiki in July. Mstribution. SIKHIM (Hampson); JAPAN. 1735. Sacada fasciata, Datanordes fasciata, Butl., Ent. Mo. Mag., xiv, p. 207 (1878) ; Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, pl. xlii, fig. 4 (1879). Aestula miraculosa, Snell, Rom. sur Lép., ii, p. 195, pl. xi (1885). 430 Mr. J. H. Leech on Sacada fasciata, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 529. Three males and four females in Pryer’s collection. Mstribution. AMURLAND; JAPAN. 1736. Sacada contigua, sp. nu. (Plate XV, fig. 20.) Primaries brown tinged with ferruginous on basal and outer areas ; ante- and postmedial lines pale, the latter inwardly shaded with ferruginous ; these lines approximate below vein 2 and thence run almost parallel to the inner margin; the enclosed space is dark purplish-brown ; reniform mark bright ferruginous and there is a diffuse spot of the same colour below the base of the cell. Second- aries pale brown heavily suffused with fuscous on outer two-thirds ; postmedial line pale, curved; discoidal dot blackish. Fringes brown preceded by a pale line. Under surface pale brown ; all the wings have the postmedial line black agreeing in outline with that on upper surface, and the enclosed area is blackish, most intense on the primaries, Expanse 38 millim. One male specimen from Pu-tsu-fong and one from Moupin. June or July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Closely allied to S. discinota (Moore), but distinguished from that species by the band-like character of the central area of primaries and the darker secondaries with well- defined postmedial line. R. 8. Genus TREBANIA. Ragonot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1891, p. 645; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, 174 (1896). 1737. Trebania flavifrontalis. Propachys flavifrontalis, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 108, pl. v, fig. 6 (1889). Trebamia flavifrontalis, Ragonot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1891, p-. 646. I obtained specimens at Tsuruga and Nagahama, and have others from Ningpo, Kiushiu, and Chang-yang. There was one example in Pryer’s collection. Occurs in May and July. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 431 1738. Trebania muricolor. Trebania muricolor, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 174 (1896). One male specimen taken at Chang-yang in August, and a female at the same place in July. Other examples were received from Pu-tsu-fong and Chia-ting-fu. Distribution. StKHIM; NAGAS; CENTRAL and WESsT- ERN CHINA. Genus BostTRa. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 175 (1896). 1739. Bostra marginata. Poaphila marginata, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiui, p. 991 1865). Palas rufescens, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 354 (1879). Pyralis assamica, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 205, pl. vu, fig. 5 (1888). Bostra marginata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 176 (1896). I obtained a series at Nagahama and one example at Gensan in July; my native collector took a specimen in Kiushiu. Distribution. ASSAM ; MANTPUR ; MOULMEIN ; NILGIRIS; BorRNEO (Hampson); JAPAN; KiuSHIU; CoREA. Genus PROPACHYS. Walker, Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 6 (1863). 1740. Propachys nigrwena. Propachys nigrivena, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 7 (1863); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 180 (1896). Five specimens from Kiukiang, and one from Chia-kou- ho. June and July. Distribution. Stkuim; KuAsts (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus ORYBINA. Oryba, Walker, xxvii, p. 10 (1863), preoce. Orybina, Snell., Tijd. Ent., 1894, p. 5. 432 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1741. Orybina regalis. Oryba regalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 71, pl. iv, fig. 9 (1889). The type, a male, was taken by myself at Gensan in July, and one example taken in June has been received from Kiukiang. Distribution. COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. Subfamily HYDROCAMPIN 4. Genus NYMPHULA. Schrank ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 191 (1896). 1742. Nymphula interruptalis. Hydrocampa interruptalis, Pryer, Cist. Ent. 1, p. 283, pl. iv, fig. 5 (1877). Hydrocampa nigrolinealis, Pryer, |. c., fig. 6. Hydrocampa imterrwptalis, var. separatalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. ¢1, pl: iv; fies, 2, 13 (4869). The type of WV. interruptalis was from Shanghai. I have specimens of the typical form from Hakodate, Fushiki, Gensan, Ichang, and Omei-shan; and examples of the nigrolinealis = separatalis form from Gensan, Omei-shan, Ta-chien-lu, Chow-pin-sa, and Chia-kou-ho, The latter occurs in May and June, and the former in July and August, probably distinct broods. Distribution. JAPAN; YESSO; CoREA; EASTERN, CEN- TRAL, and WESTERN CHINA. 1743. Nymphula fengwhanalis. Lepyrodes fengwhanalis, Pryer, Cist. Ent., 1, p. 235, pl. iv, fig. 11 (1877). Type from Feng-whan-shan (hills) near Shanghai. I obtained one specimen at Tsuruga in July, and I have received ten others from Ichang, where they were captured in June, July, and August, the bulk of them in the latter month. In the Tsuruga example the space between the central lines on the secondaries is entirely white, whilst in one example from Ichang this space is dark with very small white spots. Distribution, EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA ; JAPAN, Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 433 1744. Nymphula floralis, Leparodes floralis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 71, pl. iv, fig. 1 (1889). One male example from Tsuruga and one from Fushiki, both obtained by myself in July. Habitat. JAPAN. 1745. Nymphula foedalis, Isopteryx foedalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 228, pl. iv, fig. 7 (1854). Nymphula foedalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 192 (1896). I took a specimen in Foochau in April, and my collector obtained two others at Ningpo in June and July. Mstribution, ETHIOPIAN, ORIENTAL, and AUSTRALIAN REGIONS (Hampson); HASTERN CHINA. 1746. Nymphula turbata. Paraponyx turbata, Butl, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p- 586. Type was from Yokohama. One female specimen was obtained by a native collector at Nikko. Habitat. JAPAN. 1747. Nymphula sinicalis, Nymphula sinicalts, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 141. Described from Chekiang. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. 1748. Nymphula crisonalis. Hydrocampa ecrisonalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 961 (1859). Paraponyx hebraicalis, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xxiii, p. 240 (1880) ; xxvii, pl. iv, fig. 11 (1884). Nymphula errsonalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 192 (1896). Distribution. CHEKIANG, CHINA; CEYLON; JAVA; CE- LEBES ;; AUSTRALIA (Hampson). 434 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1749. Nymphula incurvalis, sp. n. Primaries white suffused with pale ochreous brown, a black dot in the cell, one below the median nervure and near the base of the wing, and a lunule at end of the cell ; postmedial line pale brown, diffuse, interrupted, deeply bent under end of the cell ; submarginal line pale brown, diffuse, indented between veins 1 and 2 and expanding towards the costa. Secondaries white suffused with pale ochreous brown on outer half; a black dot at end of the cell and one beyond, a black dot the submedian interspace, and two short black lines on middle of abdominal margin ; the abdomen is also marked with black at this point. Fringes white, dotted with black, and preceded by two blackish lines, the inner crenulate, and on the secondaries receding from the outer margin as it approaches its termination on the abdominal margin. Under surface white suffused with pale ochreous, black spots of upper surface faintly reproduced. Expanse ¢ 16 millim. @ 20 millim. Six specimens from Ichang. August. Allied to NV. diminutalis, Snell. R. 8. 1750. Nymphula responsalis. Nymphula responsalis, Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 192 (1896). Mstribution. JAPAN; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA; AUSTRALIA (Hampson). 1751. Nymphula vittalis. Oligostigma vittalis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 66, pl. vi, fig. 3 (1864). Oligostigma regularis, Pryer, Cist. Ent., 11, p. 234, pl. iv, fig. 8 (1877). Type of regularis from Shanghai. I have one specimen taken by myself at Gensan in July, and one from Chang- yang, taken in May. Distribution. AMURLAND; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; COREA. Genus CATACLYSTA. Hiibn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 196 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 435 1752. Cataclysta blandialis. Cataclysta blandialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvu, p. 448 (1859) ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl., ii, pl. clxxix, fig. 15 (1887) ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 197 (1896). There was a specimen in Pryer’s collection, and my native collector obtained one in the island of Kiushiu. Distribution. DHARMSALA; CALCUTTA; BomMBAY; NIL- GIRIS; CEYLON; BoRNEO; AMBOINA (Hampson); JAPAN ; KIUSHIU. 1753. Cataclysta midas, Cataclysta midas, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 585. Type from Tokio. One specimen in Pryer’s collection; I obtained one example at Gensan in June, and my native collector took others in the island of Kiushiu. Three specimens were received from Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN; KIUSHIU; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus MUSOTIMA. Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 288; Hampson, Moths, iv, p. 199 (1896). 1754. Musotima nubilalis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 27.) Primaries light ochreous brown, basal and subbasal dots black, a short white streak on the median nervure from the base to a black dot placed below the subbasal dot; antemedial line black, deeply elbowed below the discal mark, externally edged with whitish, the area beyond the postmedial line clouded with blackish ; a white apical mark and a black marginal line marked with white, Secondaries ochreous brown, basal area white, a black dot at the base, and a dusky, oblique, subbasal line ; ante- and postmedial lines black, the latter outwardly marked with white and sharply elbowed above the middle ; a black discoidal mark ; submarginal band white, macular, followed by a black line and an orange band. Fringes black tipped with white. Expanse 19 millim, One specimen taken in August at Chang-yang. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. RS. 436 | Mr. J. H. Leech on Genus OLIGOSTIGMA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 260 (1854). 1755. Oligostigma corculina. Oligostigma corculina, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 75, pl. lix, fig. 7 (1878). Type from Yokohama. | Habitat. JAPAN. 1756. Oligostigma insectale. Oligostigma insectalis, Pryer, Cist. Ent., ii, p. 234, pl. iv, fig. 7 (1877). Type from Shanghai. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. 1757. Oligostigma bifurcale. Cataclysta bifurcalis, Pryer, Cist. Ent., 11, p, 232, pl. iv, fig. 4 (1877). Oligostigma bifurcale, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 212 (1896). Type from the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo. Mstribution, CHEKIANG, CHINA; KHAsis; SHAN STATES (Hampson). Genus AULACODES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 212 (1896). 1758, Aulacodes peribocalis. Cataclysta pertbocalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvu, p. 446 (1859). Cataclysta halialis, Walk., l. ¢., p. 44°7. Cataclysta sabrina, Pryer, Cist. Ent., ii, p. 232, pl. iv, fig. 3 (1877). Aulacodes peribocalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 215 (1896). The type of halialis, Walk., was from China, and that of sabrina, Pryer, from the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo. I have one example from the latter locality, two specimens from Kiukiang, and one from Chang-yang. Occurs in May, June, and July. Mstribution. ADEN; NortH-WEST HIMALAYAS; NIL- GIRIS ; BurMA (Hampson) ; CENTRAL and EASTERN CHINA. FHeterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 437 1759. Aulacodes sinensis. Aulacodes sinensis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, Pp E76. Described from Omei-shan,. I have specimens from the original locality, also from Moupin, Chia-kou-ho, Chang-yang, and Ichang. Occurs in July. Habitat, CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1760. Aulacodes laminalis. Aulacodes laminalis, Hampson, sp. n. Forewing of male without fovea in cell. Head white ; palpi black-brown, the base and extremity white ; thorax and legs rufous and white; abdomen rufous with whitish bands and ventral stripe. Forewing fulvous-brown; a brighter fulvous stripe below costa interrupted at middle by a black spot on a whitish patch ; oblique white basal and subbasal bands from middle of cell to inner margin ; an oblique quadrate patch in and below end of cell with a spot on inner margin below it and traces of a line beyond its outer edge; a conical patch beyond the cell from below costa to vein 3 where its apex is turned inwards, and with traces of a line beyond it towards costa; an orange terminal band with fine black line on its inner edge and white line before it, dentate inwards and ending above inner margin; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia fuscous with a fine black line at base. Hindwing with the base white ; a brown-edged fulvous antemedial band followed by a white band narrowing to inner margin; a brown-edged fulvous postmedial band expanding into an apical patch with curved silvery lunule on it; an orange terminal band from the apical patch with a fine black line on its inner edge and white line before it ; some white points on termen towards apex, two black points just above middle with white points on their outer side, then a fine black line; cilia fuscous with a fine black line at base. Expanse 30-34 millim. Types in Coll. Rothschild and B. M. A fine series from Chang-yang, taken in May; one ex- ample from Kiukiang and one from Ichang, both taken in July. Habitat. CENTRAL AND WESTERN CHINA. Gres: Genus PARTHENODES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 216 (1896), | 438 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1761. Parthenodes prodigalis. Cataclysta prodigalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 70, pl. iv, fig. 16 (1889). I obtained this species at Tsuruga and Gensan in July; and I have received specimens from Ichang, Chang-yang, Moupin, and the province of Kwei-chow. Occurs in June, July, and August. Dstribution. JAPAN; COREA; WESTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. 1762. Parthenodes distinctalis. Diasemia distinctalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 67, pl. iv, fig. 5 (1889). The type was obtained in the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo, in July by a native collector. I have received specimens from Chang-yang, Ichang, and the province of Kwei-chow, some of which were taken in May and others in July and August. Some examples have the discal markings of primaries obscured by the ground colour. The Central and Western specimens are generally larger than the type. Habitat. CENTRAL, EASTERN, and WESTERN CHINA. 1763. Parthenodes sutschana. Parthenodes sutschana, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 384. Two specimens from Ichang and one from Gensan. August. Distribution. COREA ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1764. Parthenodes triangulalis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 26.) Pale brownish-grey with white markings outlined in dark brown. Primaries have a white triangular mark, its base on the middle of inner margin and the apex surmounted by a white dot ; a spot beyond the cell outwardly bordered by a white line ; submarginal line white, interrupted. Secondaries have the central third white, enclosing a brown spot, tapering to a point on the inner margin; submarginal line white, interrupted. Fringes whitish, marked with darker at the tips and preceded by a blackish line. Under surface as above but rather paler. -Expanse 22 millim. One male specimen from Moupin, taken in June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 439 1765. Parthenodes stellata. Paracymoriza stellata, Warren, Ann, and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvu, p. 203 (1896). Parthenodes stellata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 217 (1896). One example taken in June at Ichang. Mstribution. KHASIS; CENTRAL CHINA. 1766. Parthenodes pallidalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 29.) White clouded and suffused with pale brown. Primaries have a blackish dot at the outer extremity of cell ; antemedial line brownish, slightly elbowed below the costa, thence nearly straight to the inner margin ; postmedial line brownish, outwardly oblique to vein 3, retracted to lower angle of cell, thence sinuous to the inner margin ; a brownish submarginal band almost touching the postmedial line at vein 3. Secondaries have a brown antemedial line from the discoidal dot to vein 2; a black patch on the outer margin between veins 2 and 7 with a connected series of white lunules and some metallic dots upon it, the latter on the outer margin. Under surface whitish, markings obscure. Expanse 19 millim. One female specimen from Ichang taken in July. Habitat, CENTRAL CHINA. Genus BRADINA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind. Moths, iv, p. 206 (1896). 1767. Bradina atropalis. Botys atropalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 664 (1859). Botys damasalis, Walk., 1. ¢., p. 668. Both atropalis and damasalis types were from Shanghai. I obtained specimens at Nagasaki in June, and at Fus- hiki and Nagahama in July ; I have also specimens taken at Chang-yang in June and in the Ichang Gorge in August. Distribution. EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1768. Bradina megesalis. Botys megesalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 663 (1859). 440) Mr. J. H. Leech on Described from North China. I received a number of specimens from Ichang and Chang-yang, one example from Kiukiang, and two from Moupin. There was one specimen in poor condition in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. JAPAN; NORTH, CENTRAL, and WESTERN CHINA. 1769. Bradina rectilinealis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 1.) Primaries brown tinged with fuscous, a black discal spot; post- medial line dusky, straight, terminating on the inner margin one- third from the outer angle. Secondaries fuscous, paler on costal area. Fringes whitish, fuscous grey at their base. Expanse 32 millim. Two specimens from Moupin, two from Chang-yang, and three from Ichang. | Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Near £. translinealis, Hampson, but the postmedial line is placed further from the outer margin and it is bent out- wards above the inner margin. Secondaries are without marking, or with only faint traces of a transverse line. BR: &, ° 1770. Bradina admiatalis. Botys admixtalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 665 (1859). Bradina admiztalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 227 (1896). Distribution. NATAL.—JAPAN ; throughout Inp14, CEy- LON, and BurMA; PERAK (Hampson). 1771. Bradina nigripunctalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 25.) Palpi, head, thorax and abdomen pale buff marked with black. Primaries pale buff merging into pale tawny on the outer marginal area ; a black subbasal spot on the median nervure, and one below it on the inner margin. Two black spots, separated by the median nervure, represent a curved antemedial band ; a black spot in the cell and one at end, a black spot on costa, one opposite end of cell, and one on the inner margin represent a curved postmedial band. Secondaries agree in colour with the primaries, and have a central black spot and also one on the inner margin. Fringes grey, becom- ing whitish towards the inner angle of primaries and the anal angle Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 44] of secondaries. Under surface similar to above, but the central spot of the secondaries extends to vein 8. Expanse 28 millim. One 2 specimen from Chia-ting-fu taken by a native collector in June or July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R.S. Genus LUMA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 229 (1896). 1772. Luma ornatalis. Zebroma ornatalis, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 71, pl. iv, fig. 12 (1889). My native collector obtained three specimens at Ningpo in June and I obtained one example at Foochow in April. I also received nine specimens from Chang-yang, and one from Moupin; these were taken in June, and are much larger than the others. Habitat. EASTERN, CENTRAL, and WESTERN CHINA; ASSAM. 1773. Lwma sericea. Deana sericea, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 451 (1879). Luma sericea, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 229 (1896). I obtained a specimen at T'suruga in July, and have received others from Chang-yang, Ichang, and the isle of Kiushiu. Distribution. KHAsIS; SHAN States (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus DIATHRAUSTA. _ Lederer, Wien. Ent. Mon., 1863, p. 438. 1774. Diathrausta plumbealis. Syntomodora plumbealis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xviii, p. 174 (1896), DMathrausia plumbealis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 206. 442 Mr. J. H. Leech on One specimen from Pu-tsu-fong, and one from Chow- pin-sa. June. Distribution. ASSAM; WESTERN CHINA. 1775. Diathrausta picata. Danaga picata, Butl, Il. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 94, pl. exxxiv, fig. 17 (1889). Diathrausta picata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 234 (1896). I obtained one specimen at Ningpo in April, three in Nagasaki in May, and one at Fushiki in July. Distribution. DHARMSALA ; EASTERN CHINA; KIUSHIU; JAPAN. Genus DIATHRAUSTODES. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 233 (1896). 1776. Diathraustodes fulvofusa. Mathraustodes fulvofusa, Hampson, sp. n. ¢. Palpi fuscous, white at base and tips ; frons whitish ; antenne, vertex of head, and thorax fulvous and fuscous ; abdomen fuscous tinged with fulvous ; pectus, legs and ventral surface whitish. Fore- wing fuscous suffused with fulvous to the postmedial line and apex; a curved antemedial line ; an oblique pure white triangular patch on costa extending down to vein 5 on inner side of postmedial line, which is bent inwards below vein 3. Hindwing greyish-fuscous ; a dark postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 3, then bent inwards ; cilia of both wings black at base, white at tips. Underside of inner and terminal areas of forewing and of the whole hindwing erey. Expanse 18 millim. Type in Coll. Rothschild. Gi. Fe One specimen taken at Ichang in July. Distribution. KHASIS; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus PILETOCERA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 236 (1896). 1777. Piletocera sodalis. Desmia sodalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 71, pl. iv, fig. 6 (1889). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 4.43 Obtained in Satsuma in May, and at Nagasaki in June; I have also received examples from Mr. Manley of Yoko- hama, and my native collector took the species at Ningpo and at Nikko. There were specimens in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; EASTERN CHINA. 1778. Piletocera xgimiusalis. Desmia xgimiusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 929 (1859). Puletocera xgimiusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, lv, p. 236 (1896). Two male specimens taken in Kiushiu by my native collector. Distribution. SIKHIM; KHASIS; MARGHARITA; ASSAM; ANDAMANS; Borneo; Mysou (Hampson); KivusHIv. 1779. Puletocera chrysorycta. Piletocera chrysorycta, Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1884, p- 320. One specimen from Kiushiu and one from Ta-chien-lu. Distribution. AUSTRALIA; KiusHiu; WESTERN CHINA. Genus CAMPTOMASTYX. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 238 (1896). 1780. Camptomastyx hisbonalis. Botys hisbonalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 707 (1859). Botys pacalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 69, pl. iv, fig. 15 (1889). Camptomastyx pacalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 439 (1892). Diplotyla longipalpis, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 95, pl. cxxxv, fig. 4 (1889). Camptomastyce hisbonalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 239 (1896). The type, a female, of “ Botys” pacalis was taken in the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo, in April, and one specimen, taken in May, was received from Kiukiang. Distribution. Cutya; Stwta; Duarmsdia; KuAsis; NAGas; BorneEo (Hampson) : "EASTERN and CENTRAL Curva. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 30 44,4, Mr. J. H. Leech on Genus CLUPEOSOMA. Clupeosoma, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xxii, p. 203 (1880). Hydrorybina, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 239 (1896). 1781. Clupeosoma pryert. Anemosa pryeri, Butl, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 588. Type from Yokohama. I took one specimen at Nagasaki in May. Habitat. JAPAN and KIUSHIU. Genus PSAMMOTIS. Hiibn.; Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 219. 1782. Psammotis lancealis. Pyralis lancealis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 121. Pyralis glabralis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 117. Perinephila glabralis, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., p. 357. Botys lancealis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 338. Psammotis lancealis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 220. One specimen from Yokohama in Pryer’s collection, one example received from Chia-kou-ho, and one from Moupin. Distribution. KUROPE.—JAPAN ; WESTERN CHINA. Genus EURRHYPARA. Hubner, Verz. Schmett., p. 8360 (1827). 1788. Lurrhypara urticata. Phalena urticata, Linn., Faun. Suec., 1297. Pyralis wrticalis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 78. Hurrhypara urticalis, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., p. 360 (1827). Botys urticalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 342. My collectors met with this species commonly at Wa- shan in May and June; they also obtained specimens at Ta-chien-lu and Pu-tsu-fong in June and July. These examples are generally larger than Kuropean specimens. Dnrstribution. EUROPE.—CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. FHeterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 445 Genus MABRA. Mabra, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., ii, p. 280 (1885). Neophruda, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvii, p. 463 (1896). 1784. Mabra charonialis. Asopia charonialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 372 (1859). Stenia dissipatalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., 1881, 1, p. 28. The type of charonialis was from Shanghai. There were some specimens in Pryer’s collection. I took examples at Gensan in June, and have received others from Ichang, Chang-yang, Moupin, and Ta-chien-lu. Distribution. AMURLAND; JAPAN; COREA; CENTRAL, EASTERN, and WESTERN CHINA. Subfamily SCOPARIIN. Genus SCOPARIA. Haworth, Lep. Brit., p. 498 (1811). 1785. Scoparia ambigualis. Eudorea ambigualis, Treit., Schmett., Eur., vii, p. 184. One specimen from the island of Kiushiu, taken by a native collector. The outer line is less angled than usual in this species, and the dark shading following the line is not intérrupted. Distribution. EUROPE. NORTH-WEST AFRICA; KIUSHIU. 1786. Scoparia truncicolella. Endorea truncicolella, Stainton, Man., u, p. 161. Three specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, taken in July, and one from Nemoro, obtained in August. Distribution. EUROPE.— WESTERN CHINA; JAPAN. 1787. Scoparia murificalis. Scoparia murificalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 826; Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ix, pl. clxxiv, fig. 10. One specimen from Pu-tsu-fong, taken in July. Distribution. NortH-Wrst HIMALAYAS; WESTERN CHINA. 446 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1788. Scoparia congestalis. Scoparia congestalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 826; Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ix, pl. clxxiv, fig. 2. Two specimens from Chang-yang, June and August, and one from Ta-chien-lu, May or June. Distribution. NORTH-WEST HIMALAYAS; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1789. Scoparia vinotinctalis, Scoparia vinotinctalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 244 (1896). One female specimen taken at Moupin in June. Four examples, including both sexes, were obtained at Chang- yang; two of them have the markings much obscured. Distribution. NILGiIRI PLATEAU (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Somewhat similar to S. cembrx, Haw., but distinguished by the more oblique antemedial line. Subfamily PYRAUSTINZ. Genus ENTEPHRIA. Led. ; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 618. 1790. Entephria jaguaralis. Pycnarmon jaguaralis, Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 256 (1896). Var. chinensis, nov. (Plate XIV, fig. 2.) One female specimen from Wa-shan, taken in June, differs from typical examples in having a black line on the primaries, from vein 5 to inner margin, instead of a round black spot ; the marginal line is broader, and the apical spot is merged in it; the secondaries are without orange markings. Expanse 20 millim. No other example of the species was received from China, or from Japan. Distribution. DHARMSALA ; SIkKHIM; ASSAM; MALacca; CELEBES ; Mysore; Waiciou ; NEw GUINEA; SOLOMONS (Hampson); WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 44:7 1791. Entephria caberalis. Spilomela caberalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 284 (1854). Zebronia abdicalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 480. Conchylodes abdicalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 443, pl. xvil., fig. 12 (1868). Conchylodes corycialis, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xx, p. 237 (1880), xxvii, p. 44, pl. iv, fig. 6 (1884). Pycnarmon caberalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 258 (1896). Entephria cribrata, Fabr.; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 619. I obtained specimens at Foochow in April and at Gensan in July. I have also received examples from Ichang, taken in June and July. Mstribution. CHINA; Formosa; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and Burma; Punto Laut; Bornko; JAVA; CELEBES; FLores; SumBawa; Fis1 (Hampson); CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1792. Entephria lactiferalis. Zebronia (?) lactiferalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 480 (1859). Zebromia argyria, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 76, pl. lix, fig. 9 (1879). Conchylodes paucipunctalis, Snell., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., £390, p. G33, pl. xix, fig. 2. Pycnarmon lactiferalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, p. 259 (1896). | Entephria lactiferalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 620. Type of argyria, Butl, was from Hakodate. I have eight specimens from Moupin, taken in August. Nstribution. JAPAN; NorTH-West HIMALAYAS; CEY- LON; Burma; Puto Laut; BornEo; CELEBES (Hamp- son); WESTERN CHINA. 1793. Entephria xriferalis. Conchylodes xriferalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877; p. 618. 448 Mr. J. H. Leech on Pycnarmon exriferalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 529 (1896). Entephria xriferalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 620. I obtained examples of this species in Satsuma in May, at Fusan in June, and at Gensan in July; there was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. SIKHIM ; ANDAMANS (Hampson); KIUSHIU; CoREA. 1794, Entephria radiata. Aripana radiata, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvii, p. 169 (1896). I have two specimens from Chang-yang, one taken in May, and the other in June. Distribution. KHAsIs ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1795. Entephria pantherata. Crocidophora pantherata, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 59, pl. xxxix, fig. 10 (1878). Type from Yokohama. There were specimens in Pryer’s collection ; I obtained the species in Satsuma in May, at Nagasaki in June, and at Shimonoseki and Ningpo in July. Some examples, taken in June, were received from Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHIU; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. 1796. Entephria tylostegalis. Entephria tylostegalis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 885, pl. 111, fig. 6. Two specimens from Chang-yang. May and June. Distribution. AMURLAND; WESTERN CHINA (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus REHIMENA. Walk. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 261 (1896). 1797. Rehimena phrynealis, Botys phrynealis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 630 (1859). Rehimena phrynealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 261 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. AAD One example from Chang-yang, taken in May. Distribution. Throughout Inp1A, CEYLON, and Burma; Bornko (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1798. Rehimena straminealis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 21.) Primaries pale straw colour, rather darker on the costa, a black dot in the cell and a hook-shaped mark below it on the inner margin, a black spot at end of the cell ; postmedial band indicated by short black streaks on veins 1—7. Secondaries have black streaks on veins 2—7 heavier than those on the primaries, some black specks between veins 1 and 2, and a black cloud on outer margin near the apex. Fringes pale, preceded by a brownish line. Under surface as above, but the streaks on the venation are very faint, Expanse 19 millim. One male specimen taken at Chang-yang in May. Habitat, CENTRAL CHINA. R. S. Genus ZINCKENIA. Zell.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 262 (1896). 1799. Zinckenta fascialis. Pyralis fascialis, Cram., Pap. Exot., iv, pl. cccexevil. fig. O 1782). elon recurvalis, Fabr., Ent. Syst., p. 237 (1793). Hymenia diffascialis, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., p. 361. Hydrocampa albifascialis, Boisd., Faun. Ent. Madag., p. 119, pl. xvi, fig. 1 (1833). Linckenia fascialis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 262 (1896). Cramer’s type was from Japan. I took specimens at Gensan in July, and have received others from the island of Kiushiu and from Ichang. There were some examples in Pryer’s collection. Mstribution. NEOTROPICAL and ETHIOPIAN REGIONS; PaLmARcTIC ASIA from SYRIA to JAPAN; the whole ORIENTAL and AUSTRALIAN REGIONS (Hampson). Genus EURRHYPARODES. Snellen, Tijd. v. Ent., 1880, p. 215. 1800. Hurrhyparodes bracteolalis. Botys bracteolalis, Zell., Lep. Caffr., 1852, p. 30. 4.50 Mr. J. H. Leéch on LIsopteryx accessalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 405 (1859), Hurrhyparodes accessalis, "Moore, Lep. Gey, ili, p. 294, pl. ebcxix, fig. 6 (1885). Eurrhyparodes stebialis, Snell. Tijd. Ent., xxiii, p, 216 (1880), xxvi, p. 134, pl. viii, fig. 3 (1883). Hurrhyparodes bracteolalis, Hainpson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 264 (1896) ; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 626 There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection, and I have others from Nagahama, Fushiki, Satsuma, and Kiushiu. Distribution. WesverN and SOUTHERN AFRIcA.—J APAN ; Cuina; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BuRMA; JAVA; OELEBES ; AUSTRALIA ; N EW HEBRIDES (Hampson) ; KIUSHIU. 1801. Hurrhyparodes leechi, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 15.) Dark grey with white markings. Primaries have a white dot about the middle of cell and a large patch of the same colour at end of the cell, the latter enclosing a round spot of the ground colour. Post- medial line white, curved and recurved, interrupted about the middle; this is preceded by an irregular-shaped white blotch extending from just below the costa to vein 2; some white flecks below the odlt and vein 2, and others on the outer margin. Secondaries have a blackish subbasal spot; the basal two-thirds white suffused with dark grey at the base ; the outer limits of this white area is traversed by a sinuous dark grey band, which has an inward projection below the middle, and is continued along the abdominal margin; outer third dark grey with some white flecks on the margin. Fringes grey, tipped with white, entirely white at the angles, traversed by a dark grey line, and preceded by a black one. Expanse 36 millim. Specimens were received from Moupin, Wa-shan, Ta- chien-lu, Chia-kou-ho, Chow-pin-sa, Chia-ting-fu; the pro- vince of Kwei-chou, and Chang-yang. June and July. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Rt. S: Genus HETEROCNEPHES. Led. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 265 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 451 1802. H aerieaenhes lubricosa. Charitoprepes lubricosa, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvu, p. 136 (1896). Heterocnephes lubricosa, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 265 (1896). One specimen from Chang-yang, taken in May. Distribution. KuAsis (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA. Genus AGROTERA. Schrank ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 266 (1896). 1808. Agrotera nemoralis. Phalena nemoralis, Scop., Ent. Carn., p. 242 (1763). Pyralis nemoralis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 100. There were some examples in Pryer’s collection. I took specimens at Nagasaki and Gensan, in May and June, and my native collector obtained others in the island of Kiushiu. Distribution. EUROPE.—JAPAN ; KIUSHIU ; COREA. 1804. Agrotera leucostola. Agrotera leucostola, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 268 (1896). One specimen from Chang-yang, taken in May ; one example from Ichang, obtained in July. Distribution. StkHiM; NAcAs (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA. Genus PAGYDA. Walker, Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 487 (1859). 1805 and 1806. Pagyda salvalis. Pagyda salvalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 487 (1859). Botys arbiter, Butl., ll. Typ. Lep. Het., i, p. 77, pl. lix, fig. 13 (1879). 4:52 Mr. J. H. Leech on Pagyda salvalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iti, p. 314, pl. clxxxu, fig. 6 (1886); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 270 (1896). Butler’s type was from Yokohama. One specimen from Ichang, taken in June. Distribution. JAPAN; SIKHIM ; WESTERN and SOUTHERN Inp1a; CEYLON; BurmMA; Puto Laut; Borneo (Hamp- son) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1807. Pagyda amuphisalis, Botys amphisalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 661 (1859). Described from China. There were specimens in Pryer’s collection. I obtained examples at Nagasaki in May, and at Hakodate in August; my native collector took the species in the island of Kiushiu, and I have received specimens from Ichang and Moupin, the latter taken in June and July. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; YESSO ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1808. Pagyda quadrilineata. Pagyda quadrilineata, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 586. Type from Yokohama. There were specimens in Pryer’s collection, others were taken by native collector in Kiushiu and at Gensan in July; I obtained the species at Naga- saki in May. Distribution. JAPAN; KiIusHIU; COREA. Genus CNAPHALOCROCIS. Lederer, Wien. Ent. Mon., vu, p. 384 (1868). 1809. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Salbia medinalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 201 (1854). Botys rutilalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 665 (1859). Botys tolealis, Walk., |. c., p. 666. Cnaphalocrocis rolealis (jolinalis), Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vil, p. 885 (Godara), pl. xii, fig. 7. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 275 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 453 I obtained this species in Satsuma in May and at Gensan in July; my native collector took it in the island of Kiushiu ; there were specimens in Pryer’s collection, and I have others from Ichang. Mstribution. JAPAN; throughout the ORIENTAL and AUSTRALIAN REGIONS (Hampson); KiusHIU; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. Genus MARASMIA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 275 (1896). 1810. Marasmia exigua. Samea exigua, Butl, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 453 (1879). I took a specimen at Fushiki in July. Habitat. JAPAN. Genus SAMEA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 193 (1854). 1811. Samea (?) fumidalis. Samea fumidalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 70, pl. iv, fig. 8 (1889). Obtained at Nagasaki in May. Habitat. KIUSHIU. Genus SYNGAMIA. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 279 (1896). 1812. Syngamia faleidicalis. Asopia falcidicalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 370 (1859). Syngamia faleidicalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 280 (1896). One specimen was received from Ta-chien-lu. This species is superficially very like Sylepta tricolor, Butl., for which it may very easily be mistaken, 454 Mr. J. H. Leech on Distribution. NorTH-WEsT HIMALAYAS; KuHAsis ; NIL- GIRIS; CEYLON (Hampson); WESTERN CHINA. Genus BoccHORIS. Moore; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 281 (1896). 1813. Bocchoris onychinalis. Asopia onychinalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 205 (1854). Zebronia (2) braurealis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 971 (1859). Bocchoris onychinalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 283 (1896). Five specimens taken in Satsuma in May and one at Gensan in July. — Distribution. Wrest AFRICA.—ADEN ; throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BuRMA; BoRNEO; AUSTRALIA (Hampson) ; KIUSHIU ; COREA. 1814. Bocchoris adipalis. Botys adipalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., 1863, p. 475, pl xt fig. a6. Bocchoris adipalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 286 (1896). Samea cuprinalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 615. Mimorista marginalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvii, p. 114. I obtained one specimen in Satsuma in May. Distribution. StkHIM; KHAsIS; CEYLON; MERGUI; ANDAMANS; Matacca; AMBoInA (Hampson); KIUSHIU. 1815. Bocchoris aptalis. Botys aptalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiv, p. 1425 (1865). Samea usitata, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 74, pl. lix, fig. 3 (1879). Bocchoris aptalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 286. The type of wsetata was from Yokohama. LDstribution. JAPAN ; Kuasis ; Myson (Hampson). 1816. Bocchoris inspersalis. Botys inspersalis, Zell., Lep. Caffr., 1852, p. 33, Heterocera from China, Jupan, and Corea. 455 Desmia afflictalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 190, pl. v, fig. 4 (1854). Bocchoris inspersalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, lv, p. 284 (1896). Desmia stellaris, Butl., I. Typ. Lep. Het., i, p. 78, pl. lviu, fig. 15 (1879). I obtained this species in Satsuma in May, at Fushiki in July, and at Hakone in August. A native collector took specimens at Ningpo in June, also at Nikko, and I have received one example from Chang-yang, taken in June. There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. Throughout AFRICA—ADEN; JAPAN; Cuina; Boutin; NILGIRIsS; CEYLON; BURMA; JAVA (Hampson); JAPAN; KiusHIU; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Genus NOSOPHORA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 288 (1896). 1817. Nosophora semitritalis, Analtes semitritalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 407, pl. xiv, fig. 14 (1863). Nosophora senitritalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 291 (1896). Five specimens from Ichang and one from Kiushiu. June and July. Distribution. StkHIM; Puto Laut; AMBoINnA (Hamp- son); CENTRAL CHINA; KIUSHIU. Genus TYSPANODES. Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vii, p. 425 (1891). 1818. Tyspanodes hypsalrs. Tyspanodes hypsalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vii, p. 426 (1891). Described from North China. One example taken by myself at Gensan in July, one received from Wa-shan, and one from Omei-shan, June and July. Distribution. NORTHERN and WESTERN CHINA; COREA. 456 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1819. ZLyspanodes striata. Astura striata, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 76, pl. lix, fig. 10 (1879). Type from Yokohama. There was one example in Pryer’s collection, and two specimens were taken at Hakodate by native collector. I obtained the species at Nagasaki and in Satsuma in May, and at Gensan in July; my native collector took specimens at Ningpo in June, and I have others from Ichang, Moupin, and Omei-shan. The Hakodate specimens are pale with very faint markings. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; YESSo; CorEA; EAst- ERN, CENTRAL, and WESTERN CHINA. Genus DICHOCROCIS. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 305 (1896). - 1820. Dichocrocis surusalis. Botys surusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p.695 (1859). Botys semrfascralis, Snell., Tijd. Ent., xxiii, p. 214 (1880); xxvi, p. 181, pl. vii, fig. 12 (1888). Dichocrocis surusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 811 (1896). One example from Ichang Gorge taken in August. Distribution. JAPAN; CEYLON; BoRNEO (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1821. Dichocrocis punctiferalis. Astura punctiferalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 320 (1854). Astura guttalalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiv, p. 1381 (1865). Dichocrocis punctiferalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 307 (1896). I took specimens at Shimonoseki, Nagahama, Fushiki, Tsuruga, and Gensan in July, and I have received one example from Chia-ting-fu taken in June or July. Distribution, CHINA; throughout InpIA, CEYLON, and Burma; the MALAYAN SUB-REGION and AUSTRALIAN Recion (Hampson); JAPAN; COREA; WESTERN CHINA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 457 1822. Dichocrocis nelusalis. Botys nelusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 685 (1859). Botys chlorophanta, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 58, pl. xxxix, fig. 8 (1878). Hedylepta straminea, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 278, pl. clxxx, fig. 5 (1885). Dichocrocis nelusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 310 (1896). Dichocrocis renidata, Fabr.; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 692. The type of “Botys” chlorophanta, Butl., was from Yokohama. I obtained examples in Satsuma in May, at Fushiki, and one at Gensan in July. Specimens were received from Ningpo, Ichang, Chang-yang, Kiukiang, and Chia-ting-fu. The species was represented in Pryev’s collection. DMstribution. SIKHIM ; NILGIRIS ; CEYLON ; ANDAMANS; Puto Laut; Borneo (Hampson); KiusHiu; JAPAN; CoREA; CENTRAL, EASTERN, and WESTERN CHINA. 1823. Dichocrocis definita. Haritala definita, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 97, pl. exxxv, fig: 9 (1889). Dichocrocis definita, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 308 (1896). Two specimens from Chang-yang, May and June; one from Ichang and one from Chia-kou-ho, taken in July. Distribution. DHARMSALA; S1IkHIM; KuHAsis (Hamp- son); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus CHAREMA. Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 218 (1888). 1824. Charema noctescens. Charema noctescens, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 218 (1888). Phryganodes noctescens, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, p. 303 (1896). Specimens from Nikko, Shimonoseki, Satsuma, Gensan, Moupin, and Chia-ting-fu. Occurs in May, July, and August. 458 Mr. J. H. Leech on Distribution. SikuHim; KuAsis (Hampson); JAPAN; KivusHIU; CoREA; WESTERN CHINA. Genus NACOLEIA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 312 (1896). 1825. Nacoleia peonalis. Botys peonalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 639 (1859). Asopia misera, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep, Het., ii, p. 74, pl. lix, fig. 5 (1879). Acharana similis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 286, pl. clxxx, fig. 12 (1885). Nacoleia peonalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 313 (1896). Butler’s type of mzsera was from Yokohama. Specimens were captured by myself in Satsuma in May, at Nagasaki and Fusan in June, and my collectors ob- tained others at Chang-yang. There were some examples in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. SIERRA LEONE.—JAPAN; SIKHIM; KHASIs; NAcas; CreyLon; East Peau; SHAN STATES; BORNEO ; JAVA; FLtores (Hampson); Kiusaiu; CorEA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1826. Nacoleia tristrialis. Botys tristrialis, Brem., Lep. Ost.—Sib., p. 68, pl. vi, fig. 7 (1864). Fedylepta confusalis, Warr., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvi, “pe. Nacoleia tristrialis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 313 (1896). There was one example in Pryer’s collection. I ob- tained specimens at Nagasaki in May, at Gensan in July, and my native collector took the species at Ningpo in July. Specimens were received from Ichang, Chang-yang, Moupin, Pu-tsu-fong, Wa-shan, Chia-ting-fu, Omei-shan, and Ta-chien-lu. The Chinese specimens are generally suffused with fuscous and are referable to var. confusalis, Warren. Distribution. AMURLAND; KIUSHIU; CENTRAL, EAST- ERN, and WESTERN CHINA. =e — oe e”)h Pee eel ee ee Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 459 1827. Nacoleia pallidinotalis. Nacoleia pallidinotalis, Hampson. Described from West China. I obtained a specimen in Satsuma in May, one at Gensan in July, and a third at Hakodate in August. One example was received from Ichang. Distribution. KiusHiu; YESso; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1828. Nacolera vulgalis. Asopia vulgalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 202, pl. vi, fig. 8 (1854). Nacoleia vulgalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 315 (1896). Two specimens from Chang-yang and one from Ichang. July and August, Mstribution. NEOTROPICAL, ETHIOPIAN, and ORIENTAL REGIONS (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1829. Nacolera diemenalis. Asopia diemenalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 208 (1854). Botys ustalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., 1863, pp. 375, 471, pl. x, fig. 14. Nacoleia diemenalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 316 (1896). One specimen from Omei-shan, taken in June or July. Distribution. SoutH AFRIcA.—ForMosa; CEYLON ; BurMA; ANDAMANS; SUMATRA; JAVA; CELEBES; FIJI (Hampson); WESTERN CHINA. 1830. Nacoleia fusalis. Thysanodesma fusalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvii, p. 142 (1896). Nacoleia fusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv., p. 318 (1896). Three specimens from Chang-yang and one from Ichang. June and July. Distribution. ASSAM; CENTRAL CHINA. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART Iv. (DEC.) 31 460 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1831. Nacoleia tampiusalis. Botys tampiusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 704 (1859). Botys ilusalis, Walk., 1. ¢., p. 705. Aplomastyx mimula, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., Vill, p. 138, pl. ely, fig. 23 (1891). Nacolevwa tamypiusalis, Hampson, a Brit. Ind., Moths, lv, p. 818 (1896). I obtained two specimens at Fushiki in July. Distribution. NoRTH-WEST HIMALAYAS; SIKHIM ; NIL- GIRIS ; BorNEO (Hampson); JAPAN. 1832. Nacoleia immundalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 4.) Primaries fuscous-brown ; antemedial line black, slightly curved ; postmedial line black, oblique, bent inwards below the middle ; an oval ring in the cell and one at the end of the cell, the latter upright and the former oblique, an ochreous spot between the rings. Secondaries fuscous-brown, suffused with fuscous, and tinged with . blackish on the outer area ; a blackish discoidal dot and line below it to the inner margin ; there are traces of a dusky postmedial line, space between the lines ochreous suffused with fuscous. Fringes ochreous, suffused with blackish about the middle, preceded by a black line. Under surface ochreous suffused with fuscous on the outer marginal areas, markings as above but less distinct. Expanse 18 millim. Six specimens from Chang-yang and one from Ichang. June and July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. R. S. 1833. Nacoleia ochrimaculalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 28.) Primaries fuliginous-brown with the following pale ochreous markings—a spot on basal area placed below the median nervure, its outer edge extended to inner margin; a spot in the cell between two blackish ones, a large spot beyond the cell, and a rounder one below it ; there are traces of an ochreous dot between large spot and end of cell. Secondaries pale ochreous on basal two-thirds and fuliginous-brown onouter third ; a black discoidal dot and a fuliginous- brown central transverse line ; the latter is sharply angled before ~ Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 461 the middle, and diffuse towards the inner margin. Under surface similar to above. Expanse 24 millim. One female specimen from Ichang, taken in July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. By, 1834. Nacoleia martonalis. Desmia (?) marionalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 930 (1859). Danaga biformis, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 94, pl. exxxv, figs. 2, 3 (1889). Nacoleia marionalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 321 (1896). Two specimens from Chang-yang, taken in June, and one from Ichang, taken in July. Distribution. DHARMSALA; SIKHIM; BuRMA; BoRNEO (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA. 1835. Nacoleva satswmalis, sp. n. Primaries ochreous suffused with blackish; antemedial line black- ish, diffuse ; medial line black, diffuse from below the cell to the inner margin ; postmedial line black, outwardly edged with ochreous, com- mencing on the costa one-fifth from apex, and terminating at inner angle; slightly bent inwards about the middle; a black diffuse annulus in the cell and a black lunule at end of cell; a square ochreous spot between the annulus and medial line; some black marks on the costa, that nearest the postmedial ring-shaped ; sub- marginal line black with some dots of the same colour upon it. Secondaries ochreous, suffused with blackish ; postmedial line black, straight from costa to vein 6, outwardly oblique to vein 2 along which it turns inwards to just under the black discoidal dot, thence almost direct to abdominal margin ; submarginal line blackish. Fringes whitish-grey, blackish at their base. Under surface ochreous with traces of markings as above. Expanse 18 millim. One example taken in Satsuma by Mr. Leech in May 1886; and one male specimen in Pryer’s collection. There is a specimen under NV. cyanealis, Walk., in the national collection at South Kensington. Habitat. KiusHiu, SoutH JAPAN. : R. 8. 462 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1836. Nacolera commizxta. Samea commixta, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 453 (1879). Nacoleia commixta, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 322 (1896). One specimen from Hakodate, taken by myself in August; there were some examples in Pryer’s collection, and my native collector obtained the species in the island of Kiushiu. Two specimens were received from Ichang. This species seems to be a close ally of NV. sbirialis, Mill. (Natural., 1879, p. 39), of which I have only seen the figure (Ann. Soc. Nat. Cannes, 1880, pl. viii, fig. 4). Distribution. DHARMSALA; NaGAs; NILGIRIs; CEYLON (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; YESSO; CENTRAL CHINA. 1837. Nacolera maculalis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 7.) Primaries fuliginous and marked with whitish ; the antemedial line blackish, oblique ; the postmedial line black with a large sinus below the middle. Secondaries whitish, the outer marginal area clouded with fuliginous, a central curved blackish line. Expanse 21 millim. Six specimens from Chang-yang, one from Omei-shan, and one from Moupin. June. Both sexes are represented. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Closely allied to WV. commizxta, from which it chiefly differs in the form of the transverse lines of the primaries and the central line of the secondaries. R. 8. 1838. Nacoleia subargentalis. Botys subargentalis, Snellen, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1890, p. 579. Nacoleia subargentalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 312 (1896). Specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, Ni-ton, and Omei-shan. June and July. Distribution. SIKHIM; WESTERN CHINA. Genus GONIORHYNCHUS. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 322 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 463 1839. Gonorhynchus butyrosa. Samea butyrosa, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 73, pl. lix, fig. 1 (1879). Type from Yokohama. I obtained specimens at Nagasaki in May, and have received others from Ichang and Chang-yang. There were also specimens in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. JAPAN ; KivuSHIU; CENTRAL CHINA. 1840. Gontorhynchus exemplaris, Goniorhynchus exemplaris, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 705. Described from Japan. Genus BoryoDEs. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 321 (1854), 1841. Botyodes principalis. Botyodes principalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 69, pl. 111, fig. 9 (1889). Botyodes maculalis, Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xlv, p. 198 (1894). Taken by myself in Satsuma in May; my collectors obtained specimens at Ichang in August, and at Omei-shan and in the province of Kwei-chow in July. Distribution. KrusHiu ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA ; KHASIS. 1842. Botyodes aurealis. Botyodes aurealis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 69, pl. in, fig. 7 (1889). One example of each sex taken by myself at Nagasaki in May. Habitat. KiusHiv. 1843. Botyodes caldusalis, Botys caldusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 651 (1859). Botyodes caldusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 327 (1896). 464 Mr. J. H. Leech on Four specimens from Omei-shan taken in June or July. Distribution. SIKHIM; AssAM; BurMA; JAVA (Hamp- son); WESTERN CHINA. Genus SYLEPTA. Hiibn.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 328 (1896). 1844, Sylepta luctuosalis. Hyalitis luctuosalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 290 (1854). Hbulea zellerit, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 70, pl. vi, fig. 12 (1865). Hymenmia erebina, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 57, pl. XEKIx, fio; 1 (1878). Sylepta luctuosalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 340 (1896). I obtained this species at Nagasaki in May, at Fusan in June, and at Gensan in July. I have also specimens from Chang-yang, Ichang, and Ta-chien-lu. Distribution. SIBERIA ; JAPAN; CHINA; NORTH-WESTERN and EASTERN HIMALAYAS; ANDAMANS; BorNnEo (Hamp- son); Krusaiu; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1845. Sylepta tricolor. Hymenia tricolor, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 75, pl. lix, fig. 6 (1879). Specimens were received from Chang-yang, Gensan, and Ningpo. Habitat. JAPAN; COREA; CENTRAL and EASTERN CHINA. 1846. Sylepta segnalis. Coptobasis segnalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 65, pl. iv, fig. 4 (1889). I obtained this species at Nagasaki in June and at Gensan in July; other specimens have been received from Yoko- hama, Chang-yang, and Ichang. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 465 1847. Sylepta ningpoalis. Botys ningpoalis, Leech, Entom., xxi, p. 68, pl. in, fig. 1 (1889). The type, a male, was taken in the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo, by a native collector in the month of July; one specimen, taken in June, was received from Ichang. Habitat. EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. 1848. Sylepta paucistrialis. Cyclarcha paucistrialis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvii, p. 1389 (1896). Sylepta paucistrialis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 337 (1896). Three specimens, taken in June and July, at Ichang. Distribution. BuutaAn; Kudsis (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1849. Sylepta maculalis. Botys maculalis, Leech, Entom., xxu, p. 67, pl. 1, fig. 11 (1889). The type, a male, was taken in July at Tsuruga. Speci- mens were received from Chang-yang, Ichang, and Chia- ting-fu, taken in Juneand July. Distribution. JAPAN; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1850. Sylepta aurantiacalis. Pyralis aurantiacalis, F. R., p. 213, pl. ixxv, fig. 3. Botys crocealis, Dup. Lép. Fr., viii, pt. 2, p. 365, pl. cexxxv, fir. 6 g. 6. Botys aurea, Butl., ll. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 76, pl. lix, fig. 12 (1879). Hapalia fraterna, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., ui, p. 338, pl. elxxxii, fig. 9. Sylepta aurantiacalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 337 (1896). Sylepta si i Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1868, p. 718. The type of “ Botys” aurea, Butl., was from Yokohama; I have specimens from Ningpo, Nagasaki, Hakone, Ichang, 466 Mr. J. HL Leech on Chang-yang, Moupin, Chia-ting-fu, and Gensan. Most of the specimens from Western China are pale in colour, and one from Gensan is much larger than any other example in the series. Mstribution. EKuRoPE.—Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA (Hampson); JAPAN; KiusHIu; EASTERN, CENTRAL, and WESTERN CHINA; COREA. 1851. Sylepta pernitescens, Charema pernitescens, Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xiv, p. 208 (1894). Plewroptera fuscalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvill, p. 165 (1896). Sylepta pernitescens, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 337 (1896). Distribution. JAPAN; KHAsiIs (Hampson). 1852. Sylepta insignis. Botyodes insignis, Brit., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 587. Type from Tokio. One specimen received from Ichang and one from Chia- ting-fu. June and July. Distribution. JAPAN ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1853. Sylepta costalis. Botyodes costalis, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 221 (1888). Sylepta costalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 221 (1887). Specimens were received from Moupin, Omei-shan, Pu- tsu-fong, and Chia-ting-fu. Taken in June and July. Distribution. StKHIM; KuHAsis (Hampson); WESTERN CHINA. 1854. Sylepta sabinusalis. Botys sabinusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 708 (1859). Notarcha butyrina, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p- 260. Notarcha dubia, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., viii, p. 136, pl. clv, fig. 16 (1891). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 4.67 Sylepta sabinusalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 333 (1896). There was a short series of rather pale examples in Pryer’s collection. Specimens were taken by myself in Satsuma in May and June, at Tsuruga and Fushiki in July, and I have received others from Moupin, Ta-chien-lu, Wa-shan, Omei- shan, Ni-ton, Chang-yang, and Ichang. Occurs in China in June, July, and August. Distribution. NORTH-WEST and WESTERN HIMALAYAS ; KuAsis; Kardcut; Bompay; NILGIRIS; CEYLON; BorRNEO; JAVA; CELEBES; SumMBAWA; NEW BriIvAIN ; Sotomon Istes; Frist (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1855. Sylepta luteolalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 18.) Whitish tinged with yellow. Primaries have a dusky lunule at end of the cell, and there are indications of a dusky postmedial line which appears to be excurved from costa to vein 2, thence direct to inner margin. Secondaries have a dusky median shade and post- medial line. Fringes greyish-white. Under surface whitish, slightly tinged with fuscous, markings as above. Expanse 34 millim. One example from Chia-kou-ho and one from Wa-shan. June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Somewhat similar to S. sabinusalis, Walk., but the post- medial line is not so highly bent inwards. R. 8. 1856. Sylepta mvalidalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 26.) Primaries pale ochreous brown, suffused with darker brown, except on the costa; a spot in the cell and one at the end of cell blackish; the space between spots pale ochreous brown ; ante- and postmedia] lines blackish, the first oblique, the second outwardly edged witk the clear ground colour, slightly oblique and bluntly serrate to vein 2 where it turns inwards to below end of the cell, thence sinuous to the inner margin. Secondaries rather more suffused with darker brown than the primaries ; discal spot and postmedial line blackish ; the latter rather sinuous and turned inwards for a short distance along vein 2. Fringes of all wings paler than the ground colour, 468 . Mr. J. H. Leech on preceded by a double blackish line; the fringes of primaries are tinged with fuscous towards the apex. Under surface whitish suffused with fuscous, the spots and transverse lines of upper surface faintly reproduced. Expanse 24 millim. One female specimen taken in May at Ichang, an. example of the same sex from Chang-yang taken in June, and a third from Moupin obtained in August. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1857. Sylepta fuscomarginalis Botys fuscomarginalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 68, pl. ii, fig. 4 (1889). The type is from Hakone, where I obtained it in the month of August. I have also one specimen of the species from Moupin, taken in August. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1858. Sylepta ultimalis. Botys ultimalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 659 (1859). Sylepta ultimalis, Hampson, Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 1x, pl. clxxii, fig. 8 (1898); Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 333 (1896). One specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. CEYLON; RANGOON (Hampson); JAPAN. 1859. Sylepta multilinealis. Botys multilinealis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 337, pl. viii, fig. 11 (1854). Zebronia salomealis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 476 (1859). Botys basipunctalis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 68, pl. vi, fig. 8 (1864). Sylepta multilinealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 334 (1896). Sylepta derogata, Hampson (part), Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 722. | I obtained this species in Satsuma in May, and at Fushiki and Gensan in July. Specimens were received from Chang-yang, Ichang, Moupin, Omei-shan, and the province of Kwei-chow. a a _ —— Oe aati ns ee te i ht Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 469 Mstribution. West ArFricaA.— Throughout INpIA, CEYLON, and Burma; the MALAYAN SUB-REGIONS and AUSTRALIAN REGION (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1860. Sylepta rhyparialis. Botys rhyparialis, Oberth., Etud. d’Entom., xviii, p. 45, pl. u, fig. 26 (1898). Described from Ta-chien-lu. A fine series was received from Omei-shan taken in June and July. One example from Omei-shan and one from Ichang have the yellow colour replaced by white, except towards the base of primaries; this form might be known as var. alba. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1861. Sylepta vopasalis. Botys wopasalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 652 (1859), Sylepta vopasalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 334 (1896). Four specimens from Moupin, June; one from Ichang, July. Basal and central areas clouded with purplish-brown. Distribution. FoRMosaA; SrtkKHIM; ASSAM; KARACHI; Ninairis; CEYLON; BurMA; ANDAMANS; BORNEO; AMBOINA; SUMBAWA; TiMor LAUT; AUSTRALIA (Hamp- son); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1862. Sylepta magna. Samea magna, Butl., Ll. Typ. Lep. Het., 1, p. 74, pl. lix, fig. 2 (1879). Type from Hakodate. I obtained specimens at Gensan and Fushiki in July. My native collector took an example at Hakodate in June or July, and I have received others from Chang-yang which were captured in August. Distribution. JAPAN ; YESSO; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1863. Sylepta deficrens, Coptobasis deficiens, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., iii, p. 556, pl. ecxv, fig. 12 (1887). 470 Mr. J. H. Leech on Sylepta deficiens, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 337 (1896). I obtained specimens at Ningpo in April, in Satsuma in May, and have received others from Moupin and Omei-shan that were taken in June. Distribution. DHARMSALA; SIKHIM; CEYLON (Hamp- son); KiusHIU; EASTERN and WESTERN CHINA. 1864. Sylepta inferior. Botys quadrimaculalis, Motsch., Etud. Ent., p. 37 (1860), preoce. Sylepta inferror, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 724. | There were specimens in Pryer’s collection; I obtained examples in Satsuma in May, at Nagasaki in June, and at Gensan in July, and I received others from Ichang and Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; CoREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1865. Sylepta quadrimaculalis. Scopula guadrimaculalis, Koll., Hug. Kasch., iv, p. 492. Coptobasis quadrimaculalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 430, pl. xvi, fig. 12 (1863). Sylepta quadrimaculalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, p- 336 (1896). Specimens were received from Chang-yang, Ichang, Chia-ting-fu, Wa-shan, and Ta-chien-lu. Occurs in June, July, and August. Distribution. JAPAN ; NoRTH-WEST HIMALAYAS; SIK- HIM; Kuydsis; Borneo (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus LYGROPIA. } Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 341 (1896). 1866. Lygropia quaternalis. Botys quaternalis, Zell., K. Vet.-Ak. Handl., 1852, p. 44. Lygropia quaternalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 342 (1896). Seven specimens from Moupin, taken in June, and one from Chang-yang, taken in May. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 471 Distribution. WEsT and SoutH ArFrica.—Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BuRMA; AUSTRALIA (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1867. Lygropia euryclealis. Botys euryclealis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 651 (1859). Lygropia euryclealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 343 (1896). One specimen from Ichang, taken in June. Distribution. SIKHIM; NILGIRIs; CEYLON (Hampson) ; KIUSHIU. 1868. Lygropia poltisalrs. Botys poltisalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 714 (1859). Hapalia oblita, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 222 (1888). Lygropia poltisalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 344 (1896). I captured two specimens at Gensan in July; these are referable to oblata, Moore. Distribution. MURREE; DALHOUSIE; DHARMSALA; SIK- HIM; KHASIS; BORNEO (Hampson); COREA. Genus GLYPHODES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 345 (1896). 1869. Glyphodes indica. Eudioptes indica, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1851, p. 168, pl. xii, figs. 5, 6, 7. Phakellura indica, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 514 (1859). Glyphodes indica, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 360 (1896). I obtained this species at Nagahama and Gensan in July, and I have received specimens from the island of Kiushiu and from Ichang. Mstribution. Throughout the ETHIoPIAN, ORIENTAL, and AUSTRALIAN REGIons (Hampson). 472 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1870. Glyphodes perspectalis. Phakellura perspectalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 515 1859). as aie advenalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 401, pl. xi, fig. 17 (1868). Glyphodes perspectalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 353 (1896). Walker’s type was from North China. The species was obtained by a native at Hakodate in June, and I took it at Gensan in July. My collectors in China captured specimens at Ichang in June and August, and they also bred a series in May from larva found at Chung-king. Distribution. JAPAN; DHARMSALA (Hampson); YESSO; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1871. Glyphodes albifuscalis, Glyphodes albifuscalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1808, 6. 139) plo ae. 12, Described from Ichang. My collectors obtained speci- mens at Chang-yang in May,and at Moupinin June. One example was also bred in May with G. perspectalis, from larva found at Chung-king. I am of opinion that albz/uscalis is not specifically distinct from perspectalis, the only difference that I can see is the absence of fuscous on the inner margin of the primaries of albsfuscalis, Habitat, CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1872. Glyphodes nigropunctalis. Margarodes nigropunctalis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 67, pl. vi, fig. 5 (1864). Margaroma neomera, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., u, p. 57 pl. xxxix, he. > (1878). Glyphodes migropwnctalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 352 (1896). The type of neomera, Butl., was from Yokohama. I took specimens in Satsuma in May, and at Hakodate in August, and one example at Fujisan in June; others were obtained by a native collector in the island of Kiushiu. Distribution. AMURLAND; throughout InpIa and CEYLON (Hampson); YESSO; JAPAN ; KIUSHIU. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 473 1873. Glyphodes celsalis. Botys celsalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 654 (1859). Botys partialis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vu, pp. 371, 465, pl. ix, fig. 8 (1863). Margaronia inusitata, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, (5) iv, p. 454 (1879). Glyphodes celsalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 352 (1896). Glyphodes annulata, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 740. There were specimens in Pryer’s collection. I obtained examples at Nagasaki and in Satsuma, and have received others from Ichang and Chang-yang. Occurs in May and June. Distribution. Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA; BoRNEO (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1874, Glyphodes pomonalis. Margarodes pomonalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 309 (1854). Pachyarches pomonalis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 398 (1863); Moore, Lep. Ceyl., p. 327, pl. clxxxii, fig. 7 (1886). Glyphodes pomonalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 350 (1896). Guenée’s type was from China. Distribution. CHINA; SIKHIM; BOMBAY PRESIDENCY ; CEYLON ; SumBAwA (Hampson). 1875. Glyphodes quadrimaculalis. Botys quadrimaculalis, Brem., Beitr. Faun. Chin., p. 22; Lep. Ost.-Sib., pl. vi, fig. 10 (1864). Glyphodes consocialis, Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 402, pl. xiv, fig. 2 (1863). Specimens were obtained at Gensan in July, at Hakodate in August; others, taken in July, were received from Ta- chien-lu and Pu-tsu-fong. The Chinese specimens were found at elevations ranging from 7500 to 10,000 feet. Distribution. AMURLAND; YESSO; COREA; WESTERN CHINA. 47 4, Mr. J. H. Leech on 1876. Glyphodes pryeri. Glyphodes pryert, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 453 (1879). I took some specimens at Fushiki in July and at Hako- date in August ; there were examples in Pryer’s collection, and my native collector met with the species in the island of Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN; KiusHIu ; YESSO. 1877. Glyphodes pyloalis. Glyphodes pyloalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 973 (1859); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 357 (1896). Glyphodes sylpharis, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 57, pl. xxxix, fig. 2 (1878). The type of sy/pharis was from Yokohama. I obtained specimens at Ningpo in April and at Nagasaki in June. There was one example in Pryer’s collection, and I have received others from Chang-yang, Moupin, and Chow-pin-sa. Distribution. Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BURMA (Hampson); JAPAN ; KiusH1u; WESTERN, CENTRAL, and EASTERN CHINA. 1878. Glyphodes bipunctalis. Glyphodes bipunctalis, Leech., Entom., xxii, p. 70, pl. iii, fig. 2 (1889). Specimens were obtained by myself at Nagasaki, in the province of Satsuma in May. My native collector also met with the species in the island of Kiushiu, and there were some examples in Pryer’s collection. Habitat. JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1879. Glyphodes crithealis. Desmia ecrithealts, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 344 (1859). Glyphodes chilka, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 216, pl. vii, fig. 9 (1888). Glyphodes crithealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 358 (1896). Feterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 475 Walker's type was from North China. One example taken by myself at Ningpo in April and one received from Kiukiang. Distribution. NORTH-WESTERN and EASTERN HIMALAYAS (Hampson); EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. Genus EUCLASTA. Led. ; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 363 (1896). 1880. Huclasta splendidalis. Huclasta splendidalis, H.-8., Eur. Schmett., iv, p. 32, fig. 109. Specimens were received from Ichang, Moupin, Wa-shan, and Ta-chien-lu. Occurs from May to August. Distribution. EASTERN EUROPE; SYRIA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus POLYTHLIPTA. Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 889 (1863). 1881. Polythlipta liquidalis. Polythlipta liquidalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 70, pl. in, fig. 8 (1889). The type, a male, was taken at Gensan in July. A nice series was obtained at Omei-shan, two specimens at Moupin, and one example at Chang-yang. Mstribution. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; COREA, 1882. Polythlipta maculalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 3. Primaries brownish-grey with transparent maculations. Two spots in the cell and one at its outer extremity, a spot below the first in cell and nearer the base of the wing, a larger spot below the second in cell and one below the spot at end of the cell, a dot in the fork of veins 2, 3, and also of veins 4, 5; a spot at apical fourth of costa and one below it between veins 3and 5. Secondaries transparent white on the basal half, enclosing a black discal mark, and brownish-grey on the outer half, enclosing two irregular-shaped transparent white spots. Fringes slaty grey, whitish at anal angle of the secondaries. Under surface similar to the upper surface, but the lower spot on outer half of secondaries is continued to the abdominal margin where it expands. Expanse 32 millim., TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 32 476 Mr. J. H. Leech on One male specimen from Ichang, taken in June. Habitat, CENTRAL CHINA. R.S. Genus LEPYRODES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 367 (1896). 1883. Lepyrodes geometralis. Lepyrodes geometralis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral. p. 278, pl. viii, fig. 6 (1854); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 368 (1896). Distribution. Wrst AFRICA.—CHINA; FORMOSA; throughout Inp1a, CEYLON, and BurMA; JAVA; AUSTRALIA (Hampson). Genus LEUCINODES. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 221 (1854). 1884. Leucinodes orbonalis. Leucinodes orbonalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral, p. 228 (1854); Moore, Lep. Ceyl., 289, ii, pl. clxxix, fig. 9 (1885); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 370 (1896). Eight specimens received from Ichang. Taken in June and August. Distribution. SoutH ArFRicA—Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA; ANDAMANS; JAVA; DUKE OF York Istanp (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA. Genus HELLULA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 415 (1854). 1885. Hellula undalis. Phalena undalis, Fabr., Ent. Syst., 11, p. 226 (1794). Nymphula undalis, Dup., Lep. Fr., viii, p. 160, pl. ecxxi, fig. 1. Hellula wndalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 373 (1896). Two specimens in Pryer’s collection. Dstribution. MEDITERRANEAN SUB-REGIONS, and Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 477 throughout the tropical and sub-tropical zones, except the NEOTROPICAL and AUSTRALIAN REGIONS (Hampson) ; JAPAN. Genus SAMEODES. Snell.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 374 (1896). 1886. Sameodes bistigmalis. Lepyrodes bistigmalis, Pryer, Cist. Ent., ii, p. 234, pl. iv, fig. 10 (1877). Type from the Feng-whan-shan (hills), near Shanghai. My native collector obtained specimens at Ningpo in June and July, and one example was received from Kiukiang. Habitat. CENTRAL and EASTERN CHINA. Genus THLIPTOCERAS. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p.-274. 1887. Thliptoceras cascale. Hapalia cascalis, Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, pei, pl. viii, fic, 18. Thiiptoceras variabilis, Swinhoe, |. c., p. 274. Circobotys (?) phycidalis, Snell., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 599. Thliptoceras cascale, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 377 (1896). istribution. JAPAN; DHARMSALA; SIKHIM; Bompay ; NILGIRIS; CEYLON; RANGOON (Hampson). Genus ARCHERNIS. Meyr.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 378 (1899). 1888. Archernis humilis. Protonoceras humilis, Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xiv, p. 146 (1894). Archernis humilis, Wampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 380 (1896). I met with one example of this species at Foochow in April. Distribution. KuAsis ; NAGAS (Hampson); Foocuow. 478 Mr. J. H. Leech on Genus OMPHISA. Moore, Lep. CeyL., iii, p. 317 (1886). 1889. Omphisa anastomosalis. Pionea (?) anastomosalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 373 (1854). Botys illisalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 653 (1859) ; Led., Wien. Ent. Mon., vii, p. 371, pl. ix, fig. 12 (1863). Omphisa illisalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl., 11, p. 318, pl. clxxxiu, fig. 4 (1886). Omphisa anastomosalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 882 (1896). Distribution. CHINA; SIkHIM; KHAsis; NILGIRIS; CEYLON; BuRMA; ANDAMANS; JAVA; DUKE OF YORK IsLAND (Hampson). Genus EVERGESTIS. Hiibn.; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 185. 1890. Lvergestis junctalis. Mesographe junctalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 434 (1892). The type was from Japan. One example was received from each of the following localities—Ta-chien-lu, Pu-tsu-fong, and Wa-shan. Occurs in June. In two of the specimens the central spot of primaries extends to the inner margin. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1891. Hvergestis extimalis. Pyralis extimalis, Scop., Ent. Carn., p. 614 (1768). Pyralis margaritalis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 123. Pyralis erucalis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 55. Evergestis consimilis, Warren., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 433 (1892). Evergestis extimalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. ary Lond., 1899; %pF 36. Specimens were obtained by myself at Fusan in June, Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea, 479 and at Gensan in July. My collectors met with the species in most of the Western Chinese localities that they visited. Distribution. EURoPE.—CorREA; WESTERN CHINA. Genus ISCHNURGES. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 383 (1896). 1892. Ischnurges gratiosalis. Samea gratiosalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 357 (1859). Asopia (?) roridalis, Walk., 1. c., 371. Ischnurges gratiosalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 383 (1896). Distribution. North CHINA; SIKHIM; NILGIRIS; TRAVANCORE; CEYLON; PuLo Laut; Borneo (Hamp- son). Genus CROCIDOPHORA. Led.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 387 (1896). 1893. Crocidophora evenoralts. Pionea evenoralis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 1012 - (1859). Scopula evenoralis, Walk., 1. c., p. 1015. Botys mandarinalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 68, pl. iii, fig. 14 (1889), Crocidophora evenoralis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 291 (1896). Walker’s types were from North China. This species was obtained by myself at Nagahama and Tsuruga, and by native collectors at Ningpo in July. I have also received specimens from Ichang and Moupin. Distribution. East Peau (Hampson) ; JAPAN ; EASTERN, CENTRAL, and WESTERN CHINA. 1894. Crocidophora heterogenalis. Omiodes heterogenalis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 70, pl. vi, fig. 11 (1864). 480 Mr. J. H. Leech on Six specimens in Pryer’s collection, one from Gensan (July), and one from Chang-yang (June). Distribution. AMURLAND; CENTRAL CHINA; COREA; JAPAN. 1895. Crocidophora nycterina. Corcobotys nycterina, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 77, pl. lix, fig. 14 (1879). Type from Yokohama. One specimen from Moupin taken in June. Distribution. JAPAN; WESTERN CHINA. 1896. Crocidophora aurimargo. Circobotys aurimargo, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., | (6) xviii, p. 109 (1896). | The type was from the Khasia Hills. My native collector took one specimen at Ningpo in July. Distribution. ASSAM; EASTERN CHINA. 1897. Crocidophora butleri, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 12.) Primaries purplish-grey, the costa narrowly edged and outer margin broadly bordered with golden-yellow ; there is a yellow, somewhat triangular spot just beyond the middle of costa, and a yellow dash on costa beyond, two dusky marks in the cell, and a dusky, twice-angled, postmedial line ; the latter limits the outer edge of the costal spot. Secondaries purplish-grey, outer margin narrowly golden-yellow. Fringes of all the wings yellow, preceded by a reddish line. Under surface pale stramineous, suffused with fuscous on primaries and of outer marginal area of secondaries ; primaries have the spot of upper surface, but it is pale in colour and rather quadrate in form. Expanse 28 millim. A female specimen taken by a native collector at Ningpo in July. Habitat. HASTERN CHINA. Allied to C. aurimargo, Butl. 1898. Crocidophora pallida. Chobera pallida, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 219 (1888). Crocidophora pallida, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 388 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 481 One specimen from Ichang, taken in June. Mstribution. Ku Asis; CaLcutra (Hampson) ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1899. Crocidophora gladialis, Botys gladialis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 67, pl. iii, figs., 5%, 15 2 (1889). T obtained one example of each sex at Foochow in April; one specimen was taken at Chang-yang in June. Nstribution. SOUTH-EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. 1900. Crocidophora limbolalts. Asopia lumbolalis, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 615. Crocidophora lumbolalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 390 (1896). I took two specimens at Foochow in April. Distribution. BauTAN ; MomeEit; BurMA ; TENASSERIM ; ANDAMANS (Hampson); FoocHow. 1901. Crocidophora obscuralis, sp. n. Primaries dingy brown with a blackish dot in the cell and lunule at end of the cell ; postmedial line blackish, crenulate and slightly curved from the costa to vein 1. Secondaries fuscous with traces of a postmedial line. Under surface fuscous, glossy, markings of upper surface faintly indicated. Expanse 24 millim. One male specimen from Moupin taken in June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1902. Crocidophora (2) gensanalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 9.) Primaries ochreous slightly suffused with fuscous on outer area ; antemedial line blackish, almost straight ; postmedial line blackish, finely dentate, turned inwards from vein 3 to vein 2, thence slightly oblique to inner margin ; a blackish dot in the cell and a blackish line at end of the cell. Secondaries ochreous, suffused with fuscous ; postmedial line blackish, outwardly edged with ochreous, indented, not well defined towards costa and inner margin. Fringes pale ochreous tinged with fuscous at their base and preceded by a blackish 482 ‘Mr. J. H. Leech on line. Under surface fuscous with a purplish tinge, postmedial lines as above. Expanse 28 millim. Six specimens taken at Gensan by Mr. Leech in June, 1887. R. 8. Genus MARUGCA. Walk.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 393 (1896). 1903. Maruca testulalis. Crociphora testulalis (Hiibn.), Geyer, Ziitr. Samml. exot. Schmett., iv, p. 12, figs. 629, 630 (1832). Stenia testulalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., pp. 230, 247 (1854). . Hydrocampa aquatilis, Boisd., Guér.-Mén., Icon. Regne Anim., pl. xc, fig. 9 (1844). Maruca testulalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 393 (1896). Specimens were taken by myself in Satsuma in May, at Shimonoseki, Nagahama, and Gensan in July, at Hakodate and Hakone in August, and at Oiwake in October. Ex- amples were received from Ichang (June) and ‘yas (August). Distribution. NEOTROPICAL and ETHIOPIAN RecIons ; throughout the ORIENTAL and AUSTRALIAN REGIONS (Hampson); JAPAN; KrtusHiu; YESSO; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus PARBATTIA. Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 225 (1887). 1904. Parbattia latifascialis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 17.) Primaries brown with a darker broad fascia, the latter limited by whitish-edged black lines, lines and edges both diffuse, two blackish cell-spots separated by a whitish one; fringes greyish-brown pre- ceded by black dots placed on a pale brown diffuse line. Secondaries whitish, fringes tinged with ochreous at their base and preceded by a diffuse and interrupted black line. Under surface whitish tinged with fuscous, especially on costal and outer marginal areas ; primaries have two blackish cellular marks and a blackish postmedial line Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 483 which is continued on the secondaries ; fringes of all the wings preceded by black dots. Expanse 38 millim. Three specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, and one from Omei- shan, June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R.S. Genus NOMOPHILA. Hiibner, Verz. Schmett., p. 368 (? 1818). 1905. Nomophila noctuella. Tinea noctuella, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 1386 (1776). Pyralis hybridalis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 114 (1797). Nephopteryx indistinctalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 59 (1868). Nomophila noctuella, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 401 (1896). I obtained this species at Foochow in April, at Nagasaki in June, andat Hakodate in August; my native collector took specimens at Gensan and Ningpoin June, and I have received an example from Ichang taken in August. Mstribution. UNIVERSAL. Genus PACHYZANCLA. Meyr.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 401 (1896). 1906. Pachyzancla licarsisalis, Botys licarsisalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p. 686 (1859). Pachyzanela licarsisalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, Iv, p. 402 (1896). Botys serotinalis, Joannis, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., (6) viii, p. 272, pl. vi, fig. 2. Three specimens from Chang-yang and three from Ichang. June and August. Distribution. JAPAN; CHINA; INDIA; CEYLON; Maacca ; BORNEO; JAVA; AUSTRALIA; FIJI; MARSHALL IsLANDS (Hampson); CENTRAL CHINA. 484, Mr. J. H. Leech on 1907. Pachyzancla xgrotalis. Botys xgrotalis, Zell., Lep. Micr. Caffr., p. 39 (1852) ; Snell., Tijd. Ent., xv, p. 90, pl. vii, fig. 8 (1872), Acharana rudis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 435 (1892). Acharana fuscescens, Warren, |. c., p. 437. Pachyzancla xgrotalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 405 (1896). There were some specimens in Pryer’s collection. I obtained examples in Satsuma in May, and at Sendai in September; al] these are referable to rudis and fuscescens, Warren. Instribution. WESTERN and SOUTHERN AFRIcA ; NIL- GIRIS; CEYLON; JAVA (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1908. Pachyzancla marginalis. Pachyzancla marginalis, Warren, Aun. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xviii, p. 115 (1896). Occurs at Chang-yang, Chow-pin-sa, Chia-ting-fu, Omei- shan, and Moupin in June and July; a specimen was obtained in Satsuma in May. Distribution. KuAsis; SrkHtm (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; KIUSHIU. 1909. Pachyzancla indistincta. Acharana indistincta, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 436 (1892). Hathitat. JAPAN. 1910. Pachyzancla stultalis. Botys stultalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 669 (1859). Pachyzancla stultalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p- 405 (1896). Distribution. CHINA; throughout InpDIA, CEYLON, and BurMA ; ANDAMANS; SUMATRA; JAVA; BORNEO; CELEBES ; AUSTRALIA (Hampson). Genus PHLYCTANODES. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 407 (1896). _Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 485 1911. Phlyctxnodes palealis. Pyralis palealis, Scliff., Wien. Verz., p. 123. Botys anaxisalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xvii, p. 658 (1859). Phlyctznodes palealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 409 (1896). The type of anaxisalis, Walk., was from Shanghai. I took specimens at Gensan and have received others from Chang-yang and Ichang. June, July, and August. Five of the seven specimens from Central China have blackish venation, and I have similar examples from Syria ; the other two are typical. _ Distribution. EuropE.—Syria; NortH-WeEst HIMaA- LAYAS (Hampson); JAPAN; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1912. Phlyctzenodes verticalis. Pyralis verticalis, Linn., Syst. Nat., x, 533. Botys cinctalis, Treit., Schmett., Eur., vii, p. 97. Phlyctzenodes verticalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 409 (1896). I obtained specimens in June, at Gensan, and received others from Hakodate, Moupin, Ta-chien-lu, and Chang- yang. Distribution. FEuROPE.—AFGHANISTAN ; NORTH-WEST Himanayas; KuAsis (Hampson); JAPAN ; YESSO; COREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1913. Phlyctxnodes inornatalis. Botys inornatalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 68, pl. 1, fig. 13 (1889). I took a male specimen in Satsuma in May, and a female at Sakata in August. Habitat. JAPAN and KIvuSHIU. 1914. Phlyctxnodes sticticalis. Pyralis sticticalis, Linn., Faun. Suec., 1354. One example taken at Gensan in July. 486 Mr. J. H. Leech on Istribution. UNITED STATES, AMERICA.—EUROPE.— BELOOCHISTAN (Hampson); COREA; AMURLAND. 1915. Phlyctxnodes confusalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 2.) Primaries yellowish with brownish transverse lines ; antemedial slightly oblique from costa to vein 1, thence incurved to inner margin ; postmedial wavy, commencing on the costa, in the position of a submarginal line, at vein 3 it turns inwards to lower angle of the cell, thence descends direct to inner margin, where it terminates at one-third from the inner angle ; a brownish dot in the cell and a lunule at end of the cell. Secondaries have a brownish spot at the lower angle of the cell, and the postmedial line is wavy, except towards the costa, and deeply indented below veins 1 and 2. Under surface pale ochreous brown; all the wings have a blackish post- medial line, becoming indistinct towards the inner margins, and the primaries have a black lunule at end of the cell. Expanse 35 millim. One specimen from Chia-ting-fu, one from Chia-kou-ho, and a third from Ta-chien-lu. July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. EB. 8. 1916. Phlyctenodes turbidalis. Botys turbidalis, Treit., vii, p. 119. I took a specimen at Gensan in July that seems referable to this species. Distribution. KUROPE.—ASIA MINoR; COREA. Lod. Phlyctsonodes umbrosalis. Aplographe umbrosalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 301 (1892). Described from North China. One example obtained by a native collector at Gensan in July, others taken by myself at Foochow and Ningpo in April and in Satsuma in May. Specimens were received from Chang-yang and Ichang, taken in June. Distribution. CENTRAL and EASTERN CHINA; COREA; KIUSHIU. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 487 Genus DIASEMIA. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 410 (1896). 1918. Diasemia litterata. Phalena litterata, Scop., Ent. Carn., p. 229. Pyralis litteralis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 86. Diasemia litteralis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 233. Diasemia litterata, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 410 (1896). I obtained this species at Ningpo in April, at Naga- saki in May, and at Nagahama and Gensan in July. Specimens were received from Chang-yang. Distribution. KUROPE.—SIKHIM; CEYLON (Hampson) ; JAPAN; KIUSHIU; COREA; CENTRAL CHINA. 1919. Diasemra accalrs. Scopula (2) accalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het.,~ xix, p. 1015 (1859). Diasemia accalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 411 (1896). Described from Shanghai. I took some specimens at Ningpo and Foochow in April, at Nagahama and in Satsuma in May, and have received others from Nikko and Ichang. There were some examples in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. DHARMSALA ; BuRMA (Hampson) ; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; JAPAN; KIUSHIU. Genus ANTIGASTRA. Lederer, Wien. Ent. Mon., 1863, p. 419. 1920. Antigastra catalaunalis. Botys catalawnalis, Dup., Lep. Fr., viii, p. 330, pl. ccxxxii, fig. 8 (1831). Antigastra catalawnalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 412 (1896). There was a specimen in Pryer’s collection, and I re- ceived one example from Ichang ; the latter was taken in August. 488 Mr. J. H. Leech on Distribution. HUROPE.—SYRIA ; ADEN.—EAST and WEST AFRicAa.—Throughout INDIA, CEYLON, and Burma (Hamp- son); CENTRAL CHINA; JAPAN. Genus HEMISCOPIS. Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) vi, p. 475 (1890). 19Z1- Hemiscopis cinerea. Hemiscopis cinerea, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 396 (1892). I obtained two specimens in Satsuma in May, three at Tsuruga in July. A native collector obtained one example at Nikko. Habitat. JAPAN and KIUSHIU. Genus MEcYNA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 406 (1854). 1922. Mecyna prunipenms. Mecyna prunipennis, Butl., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 454 (1879). Habitat. JAPAN. Genus CALAMOCHROUS. Led.; Hampson. Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 419 (1896). 1923. Calamochrous acutellus. Crambus acutellus, Ev., Bull. Mosc., 1842, p. 563. Crambus tincticostellus, Walk., Lep. Het., xxvii, p. 167 (1868). | Crambus sinensellus, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxvu, p. 167 (1863). Trncticostellus and. sinensellus, Walk., were both described from Shanghai. I obtained two specimens at Gensan in June, four at Sakata in August, and others at Fushiki and in Kiushiu. One specimen was received from Kiukiang. ~~. = oe oe | oe / Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 489 Distribution. SoutaH-East EUROPE.—J APAN ; KIUSHIU ; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA; COREA. Genus METASIA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 251 (1854). 1924. Metasia hodiusalis. Botys hodiusalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het. xviu, p. 706 (1859). Metasia hodiusalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 237. Distribution. AMURLAND; CHINA; BORNEO; SUMBAWA (Hampson). 1925. Metasia paganalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 6.) Primaries pale brown slightly suffused with fuscous, a fuscous streak on basal half of costa and a dot beyond, a blackish annulus in the cell and one at end of the cell; antemedial line blackish, shghtly excurved from costa to middle, thence almost straight to inner margin ; postmedial line blackish, almost straight from costa to vein 2,where it turns inwards and upwards to lower angle of the cell, then it turns downwards again to the inner margin. Secondaries pale brown suffused with fuscous on the outer margin ; ante- and _post- medial lines blackish, the former from discal mark to inner margin, the latter not continued in the direction of the inner margin beyond vein 2. Fringes whitish traversed by a fuscous line and preceded by a blackish one. Under surface similar to above but paler. Expanse 21 millim. Two specimens from T'a-chien-lu taken in May or June, and one from Pu-tsu-fong taken in June or July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. } R. 8. 1926. Metasia vicanalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 8.) Whitish faintly suffused with fuscous. Primaries have an almost straight blackish antemedial line on the outer edge of which, to- wards the costa, is a blackish annulus ; central line blackish, extend- ing from a blackish outlined reniform mark at end of the cell to the inner margin, bent inwards just before vein 1 ; postmedial line black, straight from the costa almost to the inner angle, a white dot on the costa on either side of the line. Secondaries have ante- and postmedial 490 Mr. J. H. Leech on black lines, the former rather diffuse and the latter terminating at vein 1 near the outer margin. Fringes pale with a black line at their base. Expanse 16 millim. One male specimen from Moupin, June; and one from Ichang, July. Habitat. CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1927. Metasia morbidalis, sp. 0. Greyish-brown with a faint violet tinge. Primaries have a black antemedial line, outwardly angled at median nervure ; a black post- medial line, slightly indented at vein 5, turned inwards, and upwards at vein 1 to vein 2, thence inwardly oblique to inner margin ; a black annulus in cell, touching the antemedial line, and one at the end of the cell. Secondaries have a curved antemedial line and a sinuous postmedial line, both black. Fringes of the ground colour marked with darker, and preceded by two black lines with whitish between them. Expanse 20 millim. One male specimen from Ta-chien-lu, taken in July or August. | Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Genus PIONEA. Guen.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 422 (1896). 1928. Pionea albopedalis. Nomis albopedalis, Motsch., Etud. Ent., 1860, p. 38. A series in Pryer’s collection; one example taken at Chang-yang in June. Distribution. JAPAN ; CENTRAL CHINA. 1929. Pronea pallidalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 22.) Pale stramineous. Primaries have traces of a dusky antemedial line towards the inner margin and a dusky postmedial line ; the latter is curved from its point of origin on the sub-costal nervure to the base of vein 2, thence downwards to middle of the inner margin, inwardly angled on vein 1. Secondaries have a finely dentate post- medial line, which is deeply indented inwards on vein 3 ; sub-mar- ginal line dusky, dentate. Under surface suffused with fuscous ; post- Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 491 medial line on all the wings as above, and there are traces of a sub- marginal line on the primaries. Expanse 35 millim. Two specimens from Omei-shan, and one from Pu-tsu- fong. June and July. Habitat, WESTERN CHINA. Allied to P. albopedalis, Motsch. R. 8. 1980. Pronea pandalis. Hapalia pandalis, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., p. 355. Botys jessica, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., u, p. 58, pl. xxxix, fig. 6 (1878). Botys protensa, Butl., 1. ¢., fig. 7. Types of jessica and protensa, Butl., were from Yokohama. I obtained the jessica form at Nagasaki,Shimonoseki, and Gensan ; my native collector took examples at Hakodate, and there were a few in Pryer’s collection. Occurs in May, June, and July. Of the protensa form I have examples from Foochow (April), Satsuma (May), Nagasaki (June), Chang-yang and Kiukiang (May and June), Moupin (June), Ningpo. Distribution. EurRopE.—JAPAN; YESSO; KIUSHIU; CorEA; EASTERN, WESTERN, and CENTRAL CHINA. 1931. Pronea inornata. Botys inornata, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 76, pl. lix, ne, 11 (1879). Type from Yokohama. There was a specimen in Pryer’s collection. I took the species at Shimonoseki, Tsuruga, and Gensan in July, and have received examples from Kiushiu. Distribution, JAPAN ; KiusHIu ; CoREA. 1932. Pronea ferrugalis. Pyralis ferrugalis, Hiibn., Pyral., figs. 54, 150. Scopula martialis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 398 (1854). Scopula testacea, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ui, p. 77, pl. ine, fic, 15 (1879). Pronea ferrugalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 422 (1896). Type of testacea, Butl., was from Yokohama. I captured TRANS, ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 33 492 Mr. J. H. Leech on some specimens at Ningpo in April, and in Satsuma in May. One example, taken in July or August, was received from Ta-chien-lu. Distribution. FEuRopE. — MADEIRA; WESTERN and SOUTHERN AFRICA.—SYRIA; AFGHANISTAN; JAPAN; NILerRis; CEYLON; SHAN STATES (Hampson); KIUSHIU ; EASTERN and WESTERN CHINA. 1933. Pronea planalts, sp. n. Primaries pale ochreous tinged with fuscous ; there are faint traces of dusky ante- and postmedial lines and two dusky annular marks in the cell. Secondaries whitish tinged with fuscous, a dusky discoidal dot and traces of a curved postmedial line. Under surface of primaries fuscous and of secondaries whitish suffused with fuscous on costal area, a black dot at each angle of cell and a dusky curved postmedial line. Expanse 24 millim. Two specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, taken in July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Allied to P. prunalis from Europe. | RB. 8: 1934. Pronea pseudocrocealis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 14.) Primaries ochreous tinged with brown ; faint traces of a dusky, slightly oblique, antemedial line; postmedial line dusky, curved to a point under end of cell, between veins2 and 3, thence straight toinner margin. Secondaries paler, with a dusky discoidal dot anda curved postmedial line; the latter is not traceable towards the abdominal margin. Fringes whitish, brownish at their base, preceded by a rather darker brown line. Under surface fuscous, all the wings have a darker postmedial line ; the area beyond the line is ochreous on the primaries and tinged with ochreous on the secondaries. Expanse 23 millim. One female specimen taken by Mr. Leech at Fushiki, in July 1887. Habitat. JAPAN. Resembles P. crocealis, Hiibn., but it is a more robust insect, darker in colour, a the ae lines are rather differently formed. é R. 8. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 493 1935. Pionea verbascalis. Pyralis verbascalis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 121. Pyralis arcualis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 80. Lotys egentalrs, Christ., Bull. Mosc., 1881, i, p. 19. Botys plumbocilialis, Snell., Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond., 1890, p- 576. Pionea verbascalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 423 (1896). Specimens were received from Ichang, Chang-yang, Moupin, Chow-pin-sa, and Wa-shan. Occurs in June. I obtained the species at Nagasaki in May, and at Fusan and Gensan in June. Two pale specimens in Pryer’s collection are referable to var. egentalis, Christ., as also is one example taken by a native collector at Ningpo in June. Distribution. EUROPE.—DHARMSALA; SIKHIM; NILGIRIS (Hampson); CENTRAL, EASTERN, and WESTERN CHINA; CorREA; KIUSHIU; JAPAN. 1936. Pionea genialis, Botys genialis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 69, pl. i, fig. 10 (1889). I obtained specimens at Nagasaki and in Satsuma, and a native collector took the species at Ningpo. May and June. Distribution. KriusHiu ; EASTERN CHINA. 1937. Pionea puralis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 16.) Stramineous. Primaries have a dot in the cell, lunule at the end of cell, and two transverse lines, ochreous brown; the antemedial is outwardly oblique, and the postmedial is indented below the costa, excurved beyond the cell, projected inwards at vein 2, thence waved to inner margin. Secondaries have an ochreous-brown, curved, post- medial line, bent inwards and upwards between veins 2 and 1, not clearly defined towards the costa or the inner margin. Under surface pale ochreous suffused with fuscous ; primaries have a dusky central spot, and traces of a dusky postmedial line; the inner margin is whitish. Expanse 27 millim. Four specimens from Ichang, taken in August. Halitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Allied to P. aureolalis, Led. | R. 8. 494, Mr. J. H. Leech on 1938. Pionea albifimbrialis. Botys albifimbrialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xxxiv, p. 1446. Two specimens from Satsuma, taken in May. These examples, as well as two others from Chekiang in the national collection at South Kensington, have the postmedial line of primaries outwardly oblique to vein 5, and the secondaries are brown suffused with fuscous. Mstribution. FoRMosA; SUMATRA; JAVA (Hampson) ; EASTERN CHINA ; KIUSHIU. 1939. Pionea punctiferalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 23.) Primaries pale olive-brown, clouded and suffuse with darker; reni- form and orbicular marks brown, outlined in blackish mingled with white scales ; antemedial line whitish towards inner margin, but not clearly defined ; postmedial line black, slightly curved and dentate, the dentations marked with white, two white spots before it opposite end of the cell; a marginal line black with black dots upon it, marked with white towards the angle ; apical third of costa marked with darker ; fringes chequered with white, traversed by one dark line and preceded by another. Secondaries whitish suffused with fuscous, especially on outer marginal area, a black dot at upper and lower angles of cell, traces of a dusky postmedial line ; a marginal series of black dots, partly connected by a black line; fringes whitish, traversed by a dark line. Under surface whitish ; primaries much suffused with fuscous, stigmata and postmedial line blackish ; secondaries have markings similar to above, but the postmedial is more clearly defined and indented towards the costa. Expanse 24 millim. One male specimen taken at Ta-chien-lu in May or June. 7 Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. R. 8. 1940. Pronea mendicalis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 10.) Primaries ochreous brown, a dot in cell and annulus at end of cell, both blackish; postmedial line blackish, slightly dentate, curved round end of the cell, and terminating about the middle of inner margin ; fringes fuscous brown preceded bya brown line. Secondaries whitish tinged with ochreous on outer area; postmedial line blackish, interrupted towards vein 2 and not continued to abdominal margin ; fringes agree in colour with the wings and are preceded by an Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 495 ochreous brown line. Under surface glossy, whitish tinged with pale brown, markings as above. Expanse 28 millim. Two specimens from Pu-tsu-fong, taken in June or July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1941. Pionea minnehaha. Pyrausta minnehaha, Pryer, Cist. Ent., ii, p. 284, pl. iv, fig. 9 (1877). Type from the Snowy Valley, near Ningpo. I obtained this species at Nagasaki in May and at Fusan in June. There was one example in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. JAPAN; KIUSHIU; CoREA; EASTERN CHINA. 1942, Pronea lugubralis. Botys lugubralis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 67, pl. iu, fig. 6 (1889). I obtained examples of this species at Hakodate, Nemoro, Gensan, and at Shikotan in the Kurile Islands. Three specimens from Chang-yang and Ichang. Occurs in July and August. Distribution. JAPAN; YESSO; CoREA; KURILE ISLES; CENTRAL CHINA. 1943. Pronea orbicentralis, Botys orbicentralis, Christ., Bull. Mose., lvi. (1), p. 22 (1881). I obtained specimens at Gensan in June, at Hakodate in August, and at Oiwake in October. I have also received one example from Wa-shan and one from Pu- tsu-fong ; the latter are more variegated than the others in the series. Distribution, AMURLAND; COREA; JAPAN; YESSO; WESTERN CHINA. 1944, Pionea aurorina. Hbulea aurorina, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 58, pl. Kxxix, fio. 9 (1878). Type from Yokohama. 496 Mr. J. H. Leech on I obtained one example at Ningpo in April, and one at Fushiki in July. Distribution. JAPAN; EASTERN CHINA. 1945. Pronea fentont. _ Pseudebulea fenton, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 587. Pionea fenton, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p-. 425 (1896). Type from Tokio. I obtained a specimen at Tsuruga, my native collector captured three examples at Hakodate, and four others were received from Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN; SIKHIM; SimMLA; NILGIRIS; TENASSERIM (Hampson) ; YESSO; CENTRAL CHINA. 1946. Pionea auratalis. Leucocraspeda awratalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xvi, p. 472 (1895). There were specimens in Pryer’s collection. I obtained one example at Hakodate in August, and my native collector took others in the island of Kiushiu. Habitat. JAPAN; YESSO and KIUSHIU. 1947. Pionea forficalrs. Pyrlalis forficalis, Linn., Syst. Nat., x, p. 533. Pionea sodalis, Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 1, p. 59, pl. xxxix, - fig. 4 (1878). Pronea forficalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 425 (1896). Type of sodalis, Butl., was from Yokohama. There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. I took two at Nagasaki in May, and one at Sendai in September. Instribution. EuROPE. — NoRTH-WEST HIMALAYAS; ~ SIKHIM (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1948. Pionea rubiginalrs. Pyralis rubiginalis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 79. : Botys rubiginalis, Dup., Lép. Fr., vii, p. 130, pl. cexviii, fig. 2. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 497 Hbulea rubiginalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 363. Pionea rubiginalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 248. Distribution. EUROPE. — WESTERN ASIA; JAPAN (Hampson). 1949. Pionea (2) tritalhs. Botys tritalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi (1), p. 20 (1881). Nine specimens from Gensan taken in June. Distribution. AMURLAND; NORTH CHINA; COREA. 1950. Pionea thyalis. Botys thyalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 667 (1859). Described from China. 1951. Pionea (?) tessellatis. Nomis tessellatis, Motsch., Etud. Ent., 1860, p. 38. Habitat, JAPAN. Genus PARATALANTA. Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 440. 1952. Paratalanta ussurialis. Botyodes ussurialis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 68, pl. vi, fig. 6 (1864). Botys cultralis, Staud., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1867, p.108; Mill. Tcon., i, pl. lxxxv, fig. 17 (1864-68). Botys labutonalis, Led., Hor. Ent., Ross, 1871, p. 22, pl. ii, fig. 9. Botys EB raneis Staud., Rom. sur Lép., 111, p. 32 (1887). Paratalanta ussurialis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 251. Specimens from Gensan, Nagasaki, Hakone, Hakodate, Moupin, Chang-yang, and from Pryer’s collection. Occurs in June and July. } Distribution. ARMENIA; ALTAI; AMURLAND; JAPAN; Yesso; KirusHiu; CoREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. Genus PYRAUSTA. Schrank.; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 429 (1896). 498 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1953. Pyrausta coclesalis. Botys coclesalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 701 (1859). Botys wtemalesalis, Walk., 1. c., xix, p. 996 (1859). Botys lacrymalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 69, pl. iu, fig. 12 (1889). Pyrausta coclesalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 441 (1896); Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 254. I obtained this species in Satsuma in May, and at Nagasaki in June. Walker’s type of ttemalesalis was from Shanghai, and I have specimens from Chang-yang. Distribution. CHINA; FoRMosA; throughout INDIA and BurMA; BORNEO; JAVA; SUMBAWA (Hampson) ; KIUSHIU; EASTERN and CENTRAL CHINA. 1954, Pyrausta fuscobrunnealis, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 7.) Primaries pale brown, suffused with fuscous; antemedial line darker, diffuse, slightly excurved ; postmedial line darker, outwardly edged with whitish, finely dentate, indented below the costa, ex- curved to vein 2 where it is bent inwards, angled on vein 1; a dusky dot in the cell, and a lunule at end of the cell ; fringes of the ground colour, preceded by a double darker line. Secondaries pale fuscous with a darker, curved, postmedial line, which is outwardly edged with whitish, and bent inwards between veins 3 and 2; fringes white, preceded by a double brown line. Under surface fuscous, the secondaries paler than primaries; all the wings have an indistinct postmedial line. Expanse 20 millim. Two female specimens from Chang-yang, taken 1 August. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Allied to P. fuscalis, Schiff. B.S. 1955. Pyrausta hampsoni, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 21.) Primaries brownish-grey, blackish dots at middle and end of cell, with a pale spot between them; ante- and postmedial lines blackish ; the former is inwardly edged with whitish, and indented below costa and before inner margin; the latter is outwardly edged with whitish, serrate, excurved beyond the cell; fringes brownish-grey preceded by a rather darker line. Secondaries slightly paler with a black discal dot; postmedial line blackish, outwardly edged with whitish, indented below the costa, and more sharply at vein 2, hardly trace- oan noes Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 499 able to abdominal margin; fringes whitish-grey, brownish-grey at their base, preceded by a darker line. Under surface of primaries fuscous grey, antemedial line absent, other markings as above; secondaries whitish, markings as above, but postmedial line is distinct to abdominal margin. Expanse 32 millim. Three specimens from Ta-chien-lu, and one from Pu- tsu-fong. June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1956. Pyrausta delicatalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 27.) Whitish clouded and suffused with pale brown. Primaries have brown ante- and postmedial lines, the former almost straight and the latter crenulate, indented below the costa, excurved to vein 2, thence incurved to inner margin ; a brown dot in the cell and a rather darker lunule at end of the cell. Secondaries have a brown postmedial line, which is bidentate about the middle. Fringes preceded by a brown line. Under surface whitish, powdered with pale brown; all the wings have a dusky submarginal line. Expanse 24 millim. Four specimens from Moupin, one from Omei-shan, and one from Ta-chien-lu. July and August. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R.S. 1957. Pyrausta diniasalis. Botys diniasalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 649 (1859). Pyrausta diniasalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 442 (1896). Described from Shanghai. I received specimens from Moupin, Omei-shan, Chang- yang,and Kiushiu, and I have met with one example at Gensan. Occurs in June, July, and August. Distribution. DHARMSALA (Hampson); EASTERN, CEN- TRAL, and WESTERN CHINA; COREA. 1958. Pyrausta luctualis. Pyralis luctualis, Hiibn., Pyral., fig. 88. Ennychia diversa, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 585. Type of dwersa, Butl., was from Hakodate. 500 Mr. J. H. Leech on I took a specimen at Gensan in June, and my native collector met with several specimens at Hakodate, and in the island of Kiushiu. There was one example in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. EUROPE. — AMURLAND; JAPAN; YESSO; KIUSHIU ; COREA. 1959. Pyrausta suffusalis. Prionopaltis suffusalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 438 (1892). Habitat, JAPAN. 1960. Pyrausta ocellalis. Opsibotys ocellalis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 295 (1892). Habitat. JAPAN. 1961. Pyrausta varialis, Botys varialis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 69, pl. vi, fig. 9 — (1864). Opsibotys latipennis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) ix, p. 295 (1892). IT have specimens from Satsuma (May) and Shimonoseki (July). Distribution. AMURLAND ; JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1962. Pyrausta moderatalis. | Botys moderatalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi. (1), p. 25 (1881). Specimens were received from Chang-yang, Wa-shan, and Ta-chien-lu. Occurs May—August. Distribution. AMURLAND; JAPAN; CENTRAL and WEST- ERN CHINA. 1963. Pyrausta gracilis, Samea gracilis, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iii, p. 74, pl. lix, fig. 4 (1879). Botys explicatalis, Christ., Bull. Mosc., lvi. (1), p. 16 (1881). Type from Yokohama. I obtained specimens at Ningpo, Nagasaki, and Gensan n June and July. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHiu; CoREA; EASTERN CHINA ; AMURLAND. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 501 1964. Pyrausta leechi, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 29.) Primaries ‘golden-yellow suffused with purplish-grey at base and on costal area ; a purplish-grey antemedial fascia, spot at end of the cell, and outer marginal border; antemedial and postmedial lines fuscous, the former sinuous with a dot below median nervure, the latter slightly dentate and deflected inwards at vein 2; fringes fuscous grey, silky. Secondaries whitish tinged with fuscous and suffused with yellowish on the outer area; postmedial line fuscous, curved and indented. Under surface similar to above, but the colour is paler. Expanse 28 millim. Two specimens from Wa-shan, taken in June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1965. Pyrausta genialis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 16.) Primaries orange-yellow, costa and margin bordered with blackish, powdered with orange-yellow scales; the base is clouded with blackish, and there are two transverse markings of the same colour, each powdered with orange-yellow ; antemedial line commencing in a spot below the costa, crossed by a black dash below the median nervure; postmedial line sinuous, the costal half band-like; fringes blackish. Secondaries black with an orange-yellow line from the base terminating in a spot of the same colour in the centre of the Wing ; postmedial band orange-yellow, as also are the fringes, except below the middle, where they are marked with black. Under surface orange-yellow; all the wings have the costa and outer margin bordered with blackish, a discal spot and transverse line of the same colour. Expanse 20 millim. Five specimens from Chia-kou-ho, one from Pu-tsu- fong, and one from Wa-shan. Occurs in June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1966. Pyrausta griseocilialis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 5.) Primaries ochreous, a small blackish dot in the cell, and a spot at the end of the cell ; antemedial line blackish, sinuous, not extended to costa ; postmedial line blackish, bluntly serrate, excurved to vein 2, along which it runs inwards for a short distance, thence almost direct to the inner margin. Secondaries ochreous suffused with fuscous, traces of a dusky medial line or band. Fringes dark 502 Mr. J. H. Leech on grey. Under surface whitish ; primaries tinged with ochreous, and suffused with blackish on costal area and on the apical portion of the outer area, a black discal spot and postmedial line ; secondaries whitish, faintly tinged with ochreous, traces of a dusky medial line. Expanse 28 millim. Four specimens from Ta-chien-lu, and the same number from Chia-ting-fu, two examples from Pu-tsu-fong, and one from Chow-pin-sa. Occurs in June and July. Habitat, WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1967. Pyrausta vicinalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 30.) Primaries pale brownish ; antemedial line darker, angled at vein 1; postmedial line darker, outwardly edged with whitish, serrate, excurved beyond the cell, turned inwards at vein 3, then zigzag to inner margin. Secondaries rather paler ; postmedial line darker, outwardly edged with whitish, dentate between veins 5 and 2, and bent inwards between veins 2 and 1. Fringes preceded by a dark line. Under surface whitish suffused with fuscous on the primaries ; all the wings have a dusky postmedial line. Expanse 27 millim. Mr. Leech obtained two specimens at Nagasaki in May, and one was received from Chang-yang; the latter was taken in June. Distribution. KiusHIu ; CENTRAL CHINA. R.S. 1968. Pyrausta flavalis. Pyralis flavalis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 121. Hapalia flavalis, Hiibn., Verz. Schmett., p. 255. Botys flavalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 334. Pyrausta flavalis, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 257. There were six specimens in Pryer’s collection, and I obtained two at Gensan in July. The inward bend of the postmedial line of primaries is rather deeper than in European examples. Distribution. EUROPE.—AMURLAND ; JAPAN; COREA. 1969. Pyrausta sanguinealis. Micractis sanguinealis, Warren, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 1x, p. 294 (1892). Halitat. JAPAN. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 503 1970. Pyrausta damoalis, Botys damoalis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xviii, p. 656 (1859). Pyrausta damoalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 436 (1896). Two specimens were obtained at Gensan in June and July, and others at Ichang, Moupin, and Chia-ting-fu. Distribution. DHARMSALA ; SIKHIM; RanGcoon (Hamp- son); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; COREA; JAPAN. 1971. Pyrausta nubialis. Pyralis nubilalis, Hiibn., Pyrales, fig. 94. Botys lupulinalis, Guen., Delt. and Pyral., p. 331 (1854). Botys zealis, Guen., l. c., p. 332. Pyrausta nubilalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 435 (1896). A variable series of twenty-two specimens, comprising specimens from Ningpo (April), Nagasaki (May), Gensan and Fusan (June), Hakodate, Ichang, Chang-yang, Pu-tsu- fong (June and July). The species was represented in Pryer’s collection. MNstribution. KUROPE.—NoRTH-WEST HIMALAYAS; SikHim; KuAsis; MANIPUR (Hampson); Asta MINOR; AMURLAND ; JAPAN; YESSO; KIUSHIU; COREA; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1972. Pyrausta indistans. Hapalia indistans, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 223 (1887). Botys callidoralis, Oberthiir, Etud. d’Entom., xv, p. 25, pl. il, fig. 30 (1891). Pyrausta indistans, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 438 (1896). One specimen from Chang-yang, two from Moupin, three from Pu-tsu-fong, and one from Ta-chien-lu. Occurs in June and July. Distribution. DHARMSALA; Sr1kHIM (Hampson); CEN- TRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1973. Pyrausta signatalis. Botys signatalis, Walk., Cat. Lep, Het. Suppl., iv, p. 1444 (1865). 504 Mr. J. H. Leech on Pryausta signatalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1 Iv, p. 438 (1896). Two specimens from Hakodate and one from Chang- yang taken in August. A rather small specimen that I obtained in Satsuma in May seems also to be referable to P. signatalis, Distribution. NortH-WrEsT HIMALAYAS; NILGIRIS; CEYLON ; JAVA (Hampson); YESSo; KiusHIU; CENTRAL CHINA. 1974. Pyrausta curvalis. Botys curvalis, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 68, pl. in, fig. 3 (1889). The type, a male, was obtained by native collector at Ningpo in July. Habitat. EASTERN CHINA. 1975. Pyrausta moupinalis, sp. n. Primaries dingy brown tinged with blackish, a black dot in the cell, and a larger one at end of the cell ; antemedial line black, diffuse and slightly excurved ; postmedial line black, bent outwards beyond the cell, almost direct from vein 2 to the inner margin. Secondaries colour of the primaries with an indistinct darker central line. Fringes pale brown, blackish at their base, preceded by an ochreous line. Under surface dark fuscous. Expanse 18 millim. One male specimen from Moupin taken in June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R.8. 1976. Pyrausta obstipalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 10.) Primaries brownish-grey, a black dot in the cell and a dusky, oblique, postmedial line, the latter inwardly bordered with grey towards the costa ; there are traces of a dusky antemedial line, most distinct towards the inner margin. Secondaries grey, suffused with fuscous. Fringes grey, those of the primaries rather darker, pre- ceded by a dark line on all the wings. Under surface of primaries fuscous ; secondaries whitish tinged with fuscous, especially on the costal area ; fringes paler. Expanse 24 millim. Six specimens from Ta-chien-lu. June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 505 1977. Pyrausta memnialrs. Ebulea (2?) memnialis, Walk., Cat. Lep. Het., xix, p. 1010 (1859). Described from Shanghai. I took an example at Sakata in August. Distribution. EASTERN CHINA; JAPAN. 1978. Pyrausta pygmealis, sp. n. Pale ochreous irrorated with darker. Primaries have a blackish speck in the cell and two dots at outer extremity ; antemedial and postmedial lines brownish, the first outwardly angled about middle, and the second curved toa point under the cell, thence falling straight to the inner margin. Secondaries have a patch of dusky scales under the lower angle of cell, and a brownish postmedial line, the latter curved and recurved about the middle. There are traces of a dusky submarginal line on all the wings, and the fringes are blackish-grey tipped with pale grey. Under surface pale ochreous, suffused with fuscous, obscure traces of a postmedial line on each wing. Expanse 16 millim. One specimen from Ichang taken in June, and another from the same locality taken in August. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. Allied to P. macheralis, Walk. R. 5: 1979. Pyrausta cespitalis. Pyralis cespitalis, Schiff., Wien. Verz., p. 123 (1775). Botys tendinosalis, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 99, pl. viii, fig. 10 (1864). Pyrausta cespitalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 430 (1896). One specimen from Chang-yang and one from Ni-tou appear to be referable to P. cespitalis. The former is of the tendinosalis form, whilst the latter is of large size and has well-defined markings. I also have a dark female specimen from Gensan. Distribution. EuUROPE.—SYRIA; SIBERIA; AFGHAN- ISTAN; PuNJAB; DHARMSALA; BERNARDMYO; BURMA (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; COREA. 506 Mr. J. H. Leech on 1980. Pyrausta syfanialis. Flerbula syfanialis, Oberth., Etud. d’Entom., xviii, p. 45, pl. iv, fig. 61 (1898). A specimen from Ta-chien-lu, taken in May or June, appears to be referable to this species. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. 1981. Pyrausta sanguinalis. Pyralis sanguinalis, Linn., Syst. Nat., xii, p. 882. Pyralis hematalis, Hiibn., Pyrales, fig. 178. Pyrausta sanguinalis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, lv, p. 432 (1896). One example taken at Nagasaki in May. Distribution. EUROPE—SYRIA; SIMLA; Kulu; SI- BERIA (Hampson) ; KIusHIv. 1982. Pyrausta contigualis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 23.) Primaries yellow, rosy at the base and along the costa and with two rosy transverse bands; the first line is broadest towards the costa, the second has its outer edge rather diffuse, and its inner edge slightly curved towards the costa and inwardly oblique towards the inner margin ; there is a darker dot in the cell, and a lunule at end of the cell placed in the outer edge of the first band. Secondaries pale ochreous with a rosy tinged, fuscous, submarginal band. Fringes yellow, preceded by a faint rosy line. Under surface pale ochreous tinged with fuscous on the secondaries and on the basal area of primaries, the latter have a blackish lunule at the end of the cell, and a blackish submarginal band ; on the secondaries there are traces of a dusky discal dot and marginal border. Expanse 23 millim. Three specimens from Moupin, taken in June. Closely allied to P. sanguznalis, Linn., but larger; the _ bands on the primaries are broader, and the edges irregular in contour; the outer band is placed farther from the margin. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Ra 1983. Pyrausta tithonialis. Pyrausta tithonialis, Zell., Verh. z. b. Ver. Wien., 1872, p. 504, pl. iii, fig. 15; Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 266. Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 507 I captured a specimen at Gensan in July, and have received one from Moupin, taken in June. Distribution. AMURLAND ; COREA; WESTERN CHINA. 1984. Pyrausta phoenicealrs, Pyralis phoenicealis, Hiibu., Zutr., i, p. 22, figs. 115, 116. Pyrausta phoenicealis, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 431 (1896). One specimen from Nikko taken by a native collector who also obtained an example in the island of Kiushiu. I met with the species at Tsuruga in July. Distribution. NortH and South AMERICA; WEST InDiES; AFRICA; CHINA; SIKHIM; Bompay; NILGIRIS; AUSTRALIA (Hampson); JAPAN; KIUSHIU. 1985. Pyrausta discimaculalis. Pyrausta discimaculalis, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 397. Mstribution. AMURLAND; JAPAN. 1986. Pyrausta rufalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 12.) Primaries rufous-brown with an obscure yellowish dot in the cell; ante- and postmedial lines blackish, the first indented below the middle, and the second elbowed below a yellow, elongate, costal spot, the inner edge of which it defines ; fringes dark grey with a black line at their base, marginal line pale grey. Secondaries blackish with a black discal dot and a yellow postmedial band ; the latter commences below the costa, and is tapered and curved towards the abdominal margin, where it terminates at about one-third from the anal angle ; fringes pale ochreous marked with black at anal angle and at end of vein 2. Under surface similar to above, but the inner margin of all the wings is suffused with yellow, and the costal spot of primaries is continued as a band almost to inner margin. Expanse 25 millim. Three specimens from Ta-chien-lu. May and June. Habitat: WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1987. Pyrausta quadrimaculalis, sp. n. (Plate XTV, fig. 13.) Primaries brown, slightly suffused with greyish, a yellow spot on the costa towards apex; postmedial line blackish but not clearly TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 34 508 Mr. J. H. Leech on defined, outwardly bordering the costal spot, thence inwardly oblique to the inner margin. Secondaries brown, inclining to blackish, a black discal dot ; a yellow postmedial lunular fascia, not extending to the costa or inner margin. Fringes of primaries of the ground colour, those of the secondaries pale ochreous. Under surface similar to above, but the primaries have a yellow discal dot, and the costal spot is continued as a band almost to the inner margin ; inner margin yellow between the band and the inner margin of the wing. Expanse 23 millim. One male specimen from ere ho, taken in July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Possibly a form of P. rufalis. RS. 1988. Pyrausta thibetalis. Pyrausta thibetalis, Oberth., Etud. d’Entom., xi, p. 35, pl. a, fig. 6, Described from Té-tsien-lot. A fine series from Ta-chien-lu and one example from Moupin. June and July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. 1989. Pyrausta oberthuri, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 11.) Primaries purplish-brown, secondaries black ; a yellow postmedial line on each wing, that on the secondaries rather expanded towards the costa ; fringes of primaries brown, of secondaries whitish. Under surface pale ochreous ; primaries have a black discoidal spot and sub- marginal band, the area beyond the band golden-brownish ; second- aries have the basal area suffused with blackish and the outer marginal area golden-brown, traversed by a darker band-like shade. Expanse 18 millim. Seven specimens, taken at Ta-chien-lu in May or June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Differs from P. thibetales, Oberth., in having paler and narrower transverse lines. Re 1990. Pyrausta sikkima. Porphyritis sikkima, Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 207 (1888). Pyrausta maculata, Butl., Ul. Typ. Lep. Het., vii, p. 93, pl. exxxiv, fig. 16 (1889). Pyrausta sikkima, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 430 (1896). Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 509 Specimens were received from Ichang, Wa-ssu-kow, and Ta-chien-lu, and I obtained one example at Tsuruga in June; the latter has rather smaller orange markings than the Chinese specimens, and the subbasal mark is almost obsolete. Distribution. DHARMSALA; SIKHIM; NAGaAs; ANDA- MANS (Hampson); CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA; JAPAN, 1991. Pyrausta mandarinalis, sp. n. (Plate XIV, fig. 18.) Primaries dark grey-brown powdered with black scales, some orange scales on the costa, and an orange spot on basal area below the median nervure ; postmedial line orange, grey on the costa, barely traceable towards inner margin, edged externally with black and united with a black-rayed orange spot at end of the cell ; fringes blackish, extreme tips grey. Secondaries black with an orange medial band, contracted below the middle and not extending to either costa or inner margin ; an orange dot on the submarginal area near vein 2 ; fringes pale ochreous, black between veins 2-4. Under surface similar to that of P. sikkima, Moore, but with an orange spot at inner angle of primaries, and an orange suffusion near the anal angle of secondaries. Expanse 18 millim. Ten specimens from Ta-chien-lu, taken in May and June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Very near P. sikkima, but the abdomen is not ringed with orange, and the postmedial markings are differently formed. R. 8. 1992. Pyrausta tortwalis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 17.) Primaries brownish-black, an orange yellow spot on the inner margin near the base of the wing, one in the cell, one near the centre of the wing, a large one at end of the cell, and one on inner margin near the angle ; from the latter there are some orange-yellow specks indicating a sabmarginal line; the costa is orange-yellow marked with the ground colour, and the fringes are yellowish towards apex and blackish towards the inner angle. Secondaries have an orange- yellow spot about the same size as that at end of the cell on primaries, and a biangulate line beyond, the abdominal margin streaked with orange-yellow towards the base ; fringes yellowish. Under surface 510 Mr. J. H. Leech on, similar to above, but the base of the secondaries is orange-yellow, and there is a dash of the same colour at the base of the costa. Expanse 20 millim. One example from Chow-pin-sa and one from Ta- chien-lu. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 1998. Pyrausta punctilinealis, sp.n. (Plate XIV, fig. 14.) Primaries brown dusted and clouded with blackish ; a pale ochreous spot in the cell, a larger one below it extending to inner margin, a quadrate ochreous spot at end of the cell, and a somewhat similar one on the costa towards the apex ; from the lower end of the subapical spot there is a sinuous ochreous line terminating on the inner margin ; a golden-brown marginal line with black dots upon it; fringes blackish with paler tips. Secondaries black with an orange-yellow cuneiform dash on the basal area and curved postmedial band of the same colour; the latter is broadest towards the costa, and does not reach the abdominal margin ; fringes yellow marked with black about the middle. Under surface purplish-brown with an orange- yellow triangular mark occupying the middle of the basal two-thirds; this mark has a dot of the ground colour on its upper edge ; post- medial band orange-yellow, broadest towards the costa ; outer margin orange-yellow, the costa between band and base powdered with orange- yellow scales. Secondaries orange-yellow with traces of purplish central and submarginal bands. Expanse 21 millim. Six specimens from Ta-chien-lu taken in May and June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. S&S: 1994, Pyrausta bret. Pyrausta bietr, Oberth., Htud. d’Entom., x1, p. 35, pl. u, fig. 10. Described from Té-tsien-lot. Four specimens from Ta-chien-lu and one from Pu-tsu- fong. June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. 1995. Pyrausta chrysitis. Pyrausta chrysitis, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 584. Fleterocera from China, Japan, and Corea. 511 Type from Tokio. There was one example in Pryer’s collection. Halitat. JAPAN. 1996. Pyrausta unipunctata. Pyrausta unipunctata, Butl, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 584. Type from Yokohama. One specimen from Moupin and two from Ichang. June. I took this species at Foochow in April, and at Nagasaki in May. Distribution. JAPAN; KiusHIu; SOUTH-EASTERN, CEN- TRAL, and WESTERN CHINA. 1997. Pyrausta limbata. Ennychia limbata, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., i, p. 73, pl. Iviu, fig. 13 (1879). Type from Yokohama. I obtained three specimens in Satsuma in May, two at Nagasaki in June, and one at Tsuruga in July. Examples were received from Kiushiu, Moupin, and Chang-yang. Distribution. JAPAN; KIUSHIU ; CENTRAL and WESTERN CHINA. 1998. Pyrausta assimalis, Ennychia assimilis, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., ii, p. 73, pl. lviii, fig. 12 (1879). The type was from Hakodate; I have eight specimens from the same locality. Occurs in July and August. This hardly seems to be specifically distinct from P. octomaculata, Linn. Habitat. Y Esso. 1999. Pyrausta astrifera. Ennychia astrifera, Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., iui, p. 73, pl. Iviii, fig. 14 (1879). Type from Yokohama; there is also a specimen from Tokio in the national collection. This is probably a form of P. octomaculata, Linn. Habitat. JAPAN. 2000. Pyrausta mundalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 19.) Primaries blackish with pearly-white markings and a greyish 512 Mr. J. H. Leech on streak along the costa; the pearly markings comprise two subbasal spots below the median nervure, separated from the smaller of two spots in cell by the blackish antemedial line ; the outer celi spot and two others below it are separated from a transverse series of 8 by the blackish sinuous postmedial line; fringes blackish chequered with white. Secondaries pearly white, venation blackish ; discal annulus, central line, and outer marginal border, blackish ; the central line has a curved projection, or loop, between veins 2 and 5; fringes blackish chequered with white. Under surface pearly white ; primaries have a black spot at end of the cell and one on costa towards apex, apical half of outer margin clouded with blackish, markings of upper surface fairly traceable. Expanse 38 millim. Two specimens taken at Chang-yang in July. Habitat. CENTRAL CHINA. R. 8. 2001. Pyrausta pullatalis. Botys pullatalis, Christ., Bull. Mose., lvi. (1), p. 12. One specimen taken at Nagahama in July. Distribution. AMURLAND ; JAPAN. 2002. Pyrausta postalbalis, sp.n. (Plate XV, fig. 13.) Primaries blackish-grey, a black dot at end of the cell, and a diffuse, whitish, oblique postmedial line; fringes blackish-grey becoming white towards the tips. Secondaries white clouded with blackish at the base and on outer margin ; fringes white. Under surface similar to the upper surface in colour, but all the wings are immaculate. Expanse 26 millim. One male specimen from Ta-chien-lu and one example from Chia-kou-ho. July. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. R. 8. 2003. Pyrausta (2) menialis. Ennychia menialis, Oberth., Etud. d’Entom., xix, p. 37, pl. vi, fig. 55 (1894). Described from Tibet, probably from Moupin, Western China, 2004. Pyrausta (?) lineolalis. Botys lineolalis, Motsch., Bull. Mosc., xxxix, p. 198. Habitat. JAPAN. eterocera fron MD pan, an "C0. Het com China, Japan, and Core 513 Genus HELIOTHELA. Guenée, Delt. and Pyral., p. 152 (1854). 2005. Heltothela nigralbata. Helwothela nigralbata, Leech, Entom., xxii, p. 65, pl. iv fig. 7 (1889). Heliothela nigralbata, Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., £e99, p. 281. Described from Chekiang. There was one specimen in Pryer’s collection. Distribution. EASTERN CHINA ; JAPAN. Genus SIMATHISTIS. Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 446 (1896). 2006. Simethistis leechi, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 24.) Primaries purplish-grey dusted with blackish, a broad white lunule at end of the cell, two white spots between the lunule and the inner margin, a white spot dusted with yellow on the costa ; these white marks represent a transverse band edged by a black line which is excurved opposite the lunule; postmedial line black, curved and irregularly dentate, followed on the costa by a small white triangular spot; there isa suffused golden-brown band beyond the annular mark (formed by sinus of antemedial line and the lunule) from vein 7 to vein 1, the band outwardly limited by a dentate black line. Secondaries purplish-grey dusted with blackish ; a white ante- medial band dusted with ground colour and blackish; the band, which does not extend to the costa, is outwardly bordered with golden- brown edged with black ; a longitudinal series of three blackish dots, one basal and the others in the cell ; postmedial line black, dentate. Fringes white mixed with grey, entirely grey at apex, towards the inner angle of the primaries, and at outer angle, middle, and anal angle of the secondaries. Under surface brown with white bands as above ; the primaries have a white dot in the cell and two white dots beyond the end of cell; postmedial line black, originating in a white triangle on the costa, traversing a greyish band ; secondaries powdered with grey on outer two-thirds. Expanse 20 millim. Three specimens from Wa-shan and two from 'T'a-chien- lu. June. Habitat. WESTERN CHINA. Fig. Fig. © ONO WN pe EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIV. Crambus aridellus, sp. u., p. 389. . Entephria jaguaralis, var. chinensis, nov., p. 446. . Crambus brevilinellus, sp.D., p. 394. » picturatellus, sp. n., p. 393. » fractellus, sp. n., p. 390. », fuliginosellus, sp. n., p. 395. . Nacoleia maculals, sp. n., p. 462. . Platytes sinuosellus, sp. n., p. 395. . Crambus bipartellus, sp. n., p. 393. . Pyrausta obstipalis, sp. n., p. 504. 8 oberthuri, sp. n., p. 508. be rufalis, sp. n., p. 507. - quadrimaculalis, sp. n., p. 507. 5 punctilinealis, sp. n., p. 510. | Leechia sinuosalis, sp. n., p. 400. . Pyrausta genialis, sp. n., p. 501. - tortualis, sp. n., p. 509. mandarinalis, sp. n., p. 509. . Pyralis moupinalis, sp. n., p. 423. . Herculia bilinealis, sp. a., p. 427. . Rehimena straminealis, sp. n., p. 449. . Endotricha affinialts, sp. n., p. 418. . Pyrausta contigualis, sp. n., p. 506. . Prionopteryx marmorellus, sp. n., p. 399. . Crambus columlinellus, sp. n., p. 390. . Parthenodes triangulalis, sp. n., p. 438. . Musotima nubilalis, sp. n., p. 435. . Trichophysetis hampsoni, sp. n., p. 420. . Parthenodes pallidalis, sp. n., p. 489. . Emmalocera gensanalis, sp. n., p. 405. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XV. . Bradina rectilinealis, sp. n., p. 440. . Phlyctenodes confusalis, sp. n., p. 486. . Polythlipta maculalis, sp. n., p. 475. Nacoleia immundalis, sp. n,, p. 460. Pyrausta griseoctlialts, sp. n., p. 501. . Metasia paganalis, sp. n., p. 489. . Pyrausta fuscobrunnealis, sp. n., p. 498. . Metasia vicanalis, sp. n., p. 489. . Crocidophora (?) gensanalis, sp. n., p. 481. . Pionea mendicalis, sp. n., p. 494. . Omphalocera hirta, sp. n., p. 428. . Crocidophora butleri, sp. n., p. 480. . Pyrausta postalbalis, sp. n., p. 512. . Pronea pseudocrocealis, sp. n., p. 492. . Eurrhyparodes leechi, sp. n., p. 450. . Pionea puralis, sp: n., p. 493. . Parbattia latifascialis, sp. n., p. 482. . Sylepta luteolalis, sp.un., p. 467. . Pyrausta mundalis, sp. n., p. 511. . Sacada contiqua, sp. n., p. 430. . Pyrausta hampsont, sp. n., p. 498. . Pronea pallidalis, sp. n., p. 490. » punctiferalis, sp. n., p. 494. . Simethistis leechi, sp. n., p. 518. . Bradina nigripunctalis, sp. n., p. 449. . Sylepta invalidalis, sp. n., p. 467. . Pyrausta delicatalis, sp. n., p. 499. . Wacoleia ochrimaculalis, sp. u., p. 460. . Pyrausta leechi, sp. n., p. 501. es vicinalts, sp. n., p. 502, Sa a. XVI. Hymenoptera aculeata, collected in Algeria by the Rev. ALFRED Epwin Eaton, M.A., F.ES., and the Rev. Francis Davip Morice, M.A., E.E.S. Part I. Heterogyna and Fossores to the end of Pompilide. By EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.B., ¥.P.ES. [Read October 16th, 1901.] THE subject-matter of this paper consists of two collec- tions, one made by Mr. Eaton at various periods during the years 1892—1897, and the other by Mr. Morice in the spring and early summer of 1898. Both are rich in species, and contain a large number of undescribed forms. Mr. Eaton, although not a specialist in Hymenoptera, has been good enough to collect that order most assiduously on my behalf, and I am very glad to be able to record here my appreciation of his kindness. Mr. Morice is a well-known specialist in this order, and his collection, for the short time he was in Algeria, is a very extensive one, and contains a number of species not included in Mr. Eaton’s, but having never studied botany, he has been unable to furnish such data as those given by Mr. Eaton. Mr. Morice has very kindly consented to help me in the preparation of this paper, and the present part will, I hope, shortly be followed by one on the Sphegidz, which will be from his pen. Until the whole collections are thoroughly worked through, it is impossible to supply accurate data as to the attractive powers of the various plants, the distribution of the species captured in respect of altitude, season, etc., but I hope to deal with these in a tabular or other compact form at the close of the paper. With the specimens of Aculeate Hymenoptera collected by him in Algeria and at Tunis, Mr. Eaton furnished notes corresponding with indications on their pin-labels relating to circumstances of their capture, such as place, date, flowers frequented by the species, and in some instances peculiarities of habits, and the colours of the eyes, etc., in life. Limitations in respect of excursions and places of sojourn were imposed upon him by the state of his health ; and he has kindly summarized, under the head of each of the principal halting-places, sites of which mention is made TRANS, ENT. SOC, LOND, 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 516 Mr. Edward Saunders on in the notes relating to that neighbourhood, arranging these subsidiary stations according to routes, to show how small were the districts worked over. Alger or Algiers (Oct. 26th, 27th, and Nov. 16th, 1892, to May 10th, 1893).—All of the subsidiary places? noted during this period are situated within the area cut off by a straight line drawn from Maison Carrée to the mouth of the streamlet below Sidi Ferruch: the highest parts of Bouzaréa were seldom visited. Few Aculeata were caught before the spring. In April many attractive flowers * came into blossom. Médéa (June 25th to Aug. 22nd, 1893).—Altitude about 2900 to 3000 feet. The principal cultures are cereals and vines ; olives and pomegranates are of less importance. The road and railway from Algiers pass Blida (altitude 850 to 900 feet) and Sidi Modani (26 vii, 1893; altitude about 600 feet), near Ruiseau des Singes (ditto; altitude about 700 feet) in the Gorges de la Chiffa. The harvest was nearly over by the end of June. Subsidiary placesand sites.—W ithin three to five kilometres from the centre of the town (altitude 2930 feet), from west to north :—Maison Berronis by the lower road to Lodi (altitude 2980 to 3030 feet) ; upper road by les Trembles and Dakela to Lodi (altitude 3440 feet and under) and its branch up the valley between Kef-el-Azeri (3702 feet) and Djebel Nador to Tib Harin, and mule-tracks on roads among vineyards on the Nador (up to about 3440 feet), by which Aine-ed-di-Dib, over the ridge, can be reached 1 Towards Maison Carrée,—Hussein Dey and the Polygone, ee the sea-shore ; Jardin d’Essai or du Hamma, Agha, Porte d’Isly an the ramparts adjoining it. Towards Sidi Ferruch along the coast,— Bab-el-Oued, St. Eugene, Pointe Pescade, Bains Romaines. Near Mustapha Superieur :—Colonne Voirol, Route Madeline. Towards el-Biar:—the Kasbah and neighbouring ramparts, Port de Sahel, Fort de Empereur ; and to the Frais Vallon and (above St. Eugene) the Vallon des Consuls. 2 Plants cited (months indicated in Roman characters, days in Arabic characters. )}—Geraniacex ; Oxalis corniculata and cernua (ii.). Linacex ; Linum sp.—(iv.). Cactacex; Opuntia[hedges]. Cucurbi- tacex; Bryonia dioica (v.). Umbellifere ; Smyrnium olusatrum (il, end—iv.), Magydaris tomentosa (v.), Ferula communis (iv.—v.). Compositx,; Asteriscus maritimus(iv.—v.). Phagnalon rupestre (iv-), Anacyclus clavatus (iv.—y.), Chrysanthemum segetum (iv.), Centaurea seridis (iv.—v.), Carduus [Silybum] marianus (iv.). Hricacex; Arbutus unedo (xi.). Boraginacex ; Echium italicum (iv.—v.); Cerinthe aspera or gymnandra [according to site] (iv.—v.). Labiatx,; Prasium majus (iv.). Hymenoptera aculeata collected in Algeria. 517 (altitude 3177 feet); and a mule-track west of and parallel with the main road to Algiers near the town. [A large part of the woods above Tib Harin was accidentally or malevolentiy burned (I believe) this summer.] The environs of Médéa to the right of the Route d’Alger and north of the Route de Laghouat yielded many inter- esting species. The best sites were along a mule-track leading to the hill marked 991 (8250 feet) above the railway-station; the heads of ravines on the northern slopes of the ridge, near Md. Ben Omar (2730 to 3130 feet); and in vineyards, etc., along the northern flanks of Koudia Sma (2700 to 3180 feet, the summit); the upper parts of this hill were less productive. South and east of the town, as far as the stream Oued- el-Harch (about 1900 feet) and Damiette (about 3000 feet), are several excellent collecting-sites :—Plateau d’Ouzaneau, Aine Mekra (2700 feet) and Aine Souk. Farther east- wards are Hassen-ben-Ali and Kef-el-Ahmeur. Plants cited.—Malvacee ; Malva sylvestris (vi.). Cary- ophyllex; Dianthus serrulatus (vi. 27). Leguminose ; Sarothamnus arboreus (v1). Umbellifere ; Eryngium tri- quetrum (vi. to vii. 12), tricuspidatum, in woods (viii. 17, 21), Daucus setifolius, in woods (vii. 30; vii. 2), carota [maximus], seldom attractive to bees (vu. 8). Dipsaceex ; Scabiosa maritima (vi. to vil. 11). Composite; Pulicaria dysenterica (vii. 5), Carlina racemosa (vill. 17, 21), Atractylis gummifera (vii. 12), Centaurea niceensis (v1.), calcitrapa (vii. 5-21), Microlonchus salmanticus (vu. 11-80), Onopordon macracanthum (vi. to vii. 5), Cirsium giganteum (vil. 5), Scolymus hispanicus (vi. to vil. 11), Sonchus arvensis (vii. 28). Convolvulacexe ; Convolvu- lus arvensis (vi1.). Loraginee ; Kchium sp.—(vi.—vil. 3). Labiatz ; Mentha rotundifolia (vil. 11 to vii.11). Verbena- cee; Verbena officinalis (vil.). Zhymelex; Daphne gnidium (viii. 21). Liliacew ; Asparagus sp.—(vi. 28), Allium sp. (vil. 14). In Kabylie, Tizi-Ouzou, Azazga, and Fort National were visited. Tizi-Ouzou (Oct. 30th, Nov. 8th to 11th, 1892), when Hymenoptera were not prime specialities; and June 13th to 15th, 1893.—Sites of captures made in neighbourhood range in altitude from about 160 feet to 800 feet, but mostly lie between 300 and 600 feet. Subsidiary places and sites—Dra-ben-Kredda or Mira- 518 Mr. Edward Saunders on beau (altitude 160 feet) to the west ; Tissadourt (altitude at the ford, about 300 feet); Oued-kef-en-Nadje; Irzer Argoub Amrouch; military monument on the mule-track from Aine Hallouf to the Maison Forestier d’ Harouza on a spur of Djebel-el-Belouva ; the public gardens and other parts of the immediate outskirts and environs. Plants cited (June),—Zizyphus lotus; Echinops spinosus ; Centaurea aps Echium 2 te Mentha sp.—; Cala- mintha sp.—; Phlomis. Driving from Tizi-Ouzou up the valley of Oued Sebaou, a bush of Zizyphus lotus (vi. 13) at the parting of the road to Mekla, was thronged by Aculeata, some of which were secured. There is now a tram-line to Azazga. Azazga (June 13th and Aug. 30th to Sept. 24th, 1893) adjoins the Forét de Yakouren, the largest forest of cork and other oaks in the Province d’Alger. Olives, vines and cereals are the prevailing cultures. Altitude about 1400 feet. Subsidiary places and sites—Cemetery and Maison Forestier on the road to Yakouren village, which is distant twelve kilometres from Azazga, and at an altitude of about 2677 feet. Plants cited.—Kchium (vi. 11); Eryngium tricuspidatum (ix.); Inula viscosa (ix.); Carlina racemosa (vill. 30—ix.); Mentha rotundifolia (viii. 30—ix.). Fort National (Nov. Ist to 3rd, 1892)—Any bees col- lected were captured along the ridge running south-east, or near the town, at altitudes of about 2800 to 3500 feet. On the railway (l'Est Algerien) from Algiers to Constan- tine, during short halts of the train, a few bees were obtained at Mechta-el-Arbi, on Chicorium intybus and Marrubium vulgare, and at Telerma (otherwise Telergma) on Asphodelus microcarpus (v. 16, 1893) growing in rail- way sidings. At Sétif (vi. 5, 1893), at 6.30 A.M., a stroll to the outskirts of the town yielded very little (altitude about 3590 feet). Constantine (Sept. 30th to Nov. 3rd, 1893; June 11th to 23rd; Oct. 10th to Nov. 17th, and Dec. 5th to 15th, 1894; May 5th to June 14th, and Oct. 11th to Dec. 6th, 1895).— Altitude at the corner of Rue National and Rue de France about 2000 feet. The river Roumel in a deep gorge separates the town from Mansoura and el-Kantara on the east, and M’cid, skirted by the Route de la Corniche on the north, where it descends in a cascade, some distance Hymenoptera aculeata collected in Algeria. 519 above the Pont d’Aumale. At the south-west angle of the town is Koudiat Aty, which was being largely quarried away to gain space for extension of the suburb. Other subsidiary sites.—At altitudes not exceeding 2000 feet: — Woods on the flanks of Mansoura; Route de Batna to about third kilometre; parts of the valleys of the Roumel and Merzoug ranged over; Camp des Oliviers; Aqueduc Romaine ; slopes of hills worked over between this and the Seminaire; Moslem and French cemeteries; Route de Philippeville or Stora; Hammam Sidi M’cid; Route de la Corniche and railway to Philippeville [Smendou, a station on that line], and most of the adjacent slopes; wood below the hospital; el-Kantara and the old Jewish cemetery. At altitudes upwards of 2000 feet :-—The brow of the spur of M’cid behind the hospital, and the higher parts above the quarries, including the newer Jewish cemetery ; Biet--Ras, on the further spur of Djebel Ouach, above the Route de la Corniche; Djebel Ouach (from about 2800 feet to the summit above the reservoirs, 4265 feet); the Mansoura and woods to the north of it; Mt. de Constan- tine, opposite the south-west suburbs (up to 2500 feet), and Koudiat Aty. Plants cited.—At altitudes of 2000 feet and under :— fanunculacer; Nigella hispanica (vi. 2). Crucifere ; Brassica (Sinapis) nigra (v. 22, vi. 1), Diplotaxis muralis (v. 21, 22), viminea (v. 10). Leguminose ; Ononis viscosa (vi. 6), Lotus ornithopodoides (v. 18), Onobrychis venosa (vi. 12). Cactacex; Opuntia. Cucurbitacee; Ecballium elaterium (ix. 30). OUmbellifere ; EKryngium triquetrum (vi. 7-23), Ainanthe fistulosa (v. 7, 10); Ferula communis (v. 20); Thapsia garganica (v. 15, 17, 18). Dipsacex; Scabiosa maritima (vi. 16,18). Compositz ; Inula viscosa (x. 1, 4, 15), Asteriscus aquaticus (vi. 9), Anacyclus clavatus (v. 10), Atractylis gummifera (x. 1), Centaurea niczensis (vi. 10), Cynara cardunculus (v. 15), Galactites tomentosa (v. 7, 15), Carduus (Silybum) marianus (v. 7), pycnocephalus (v. 20), pteracanthus (v. 10, 13), macrocephalus (v. 17, 18), Scoly- mus hispanicus (vi. 14), Sonchus tenerrimus (v. 8, 14, 20; vi. 1), Crepis taraxacifolia (v. 21, 22), clausonis (xi. 2). Boraginex ; Anchusa italica (v. 19, 28; vi. 12); Echium italicum (v. 22, 29; vi. 16). Solanex ; Solanum nigrum (x. 1). Scrophularinee ; Antirrhinum majus (v.17). La- biatz# ; Thymus lanceolatus, var. Kabylicus (vi. 11); Salvia patula (vi. 12). Zhymelee; Daphne gnidium (vy. 5; x. 4). 520 Mr. Edward Saunders on At altitudes of over 2000 feet and under 4260 feet :— Caryophyllex ; Alsine procumbens (vi. 15). Crassulacee ; Sedum ceruleum (v. 13,16). Umbellifere ; Ferula com- munis (v. 14, 20, 22; vi. 11); sulcata [scabra] (vi. 2, 28) ; Thapsia garganica (v. 22, 28, 30). Composite ; Centaurea pullata (v. 13), calcitrapa (vi. 11); Carthamus helenoides (vi. 11); Onopordon macracanthum (vi. 11, 14); Carduus macrocephalus (v. 28); Hypocheeris glabra, var. loiseleuri- ana (v. 10, 18, 14). Oleinex ; Phillyrea media (vi. 28). Convolvulacex ; Convolvulus lneatus (v. 10), tricolor (v. 18, 14), Boraginex; Echium italicum (v. 21). Labiate ; Marrubium vulgare (v. 21, 29), Alysson (v. 22; vi. 15); Phlomis Herbaventi (v. 16, 19); Stachys circinata (v. 22; pies Bone (Nov. 4th to 7th, 1893; Nov. 20th to June 11th, 1895, and again from July 3lst to Nov. 8rd, 1896; and July 25th to August 25th, 1897).— With the exception of the outskirts of Bugeaud (at altitude of about 2750 feet ; Feb. 17th), on Mt. Edough, a site on the slopes of one of its spurs named El Ourida (about 1100 feet; May 11th), and the saddle between the valleys of Oued Bon Zen and Oued Guerbecke (about 1750 feet; May 11th) in that direction, the localities referred to in the neighbourhood of Bone do not exceed 600 feet in altitude, and most of them are quite on low ground. Subsidiary sites—Along the coast, from Cap de Garde to the mouth of Bou Kamira, beyond the Seybouse :—Fort des Genois, the plages Chapuis and Luquin, with Oued Kouba, along the Route de la Corniche; the Jewish cemetery and hill behind the Kasba, near the Porte des Caroubiers ; the Abattoir; Rocher du Lion, the Boulevard des Casernes and the road beneath, along the port. The Pepiniere, Régie de Tabac, French cemetery and hill behind it. To the north of the town. The Jardin Randon and Faubourg St. Antoine, and onwards up the Route de Bugeaud and the neighbouring slopes and mountain spur to about the fourth kilometre. To the north-west:—the Porte and Plaine des Karézas, Asile des Vieillards, the Aqueduc above this (altitude about 600 feet); the Orphelinat, Ruiseau de YAune, Oued Deb, Oued Makine, Djebel Bou Kanta, Moslem cemetery, Route des Karézas and Oued Bou Djema, to the westward. The Route de la Calle, Bone- Guelma railway, Aine Mokra railway, Hippdne, bridge over the Seybouse near Usine Talbot, and Ferme Larcombe, Hymenoptera aculeata collected in Algeria. 521 to the southward :—the railway terminus and shore of the estuary of the Seybouse. | Oued Bou Sba (June 6th), and St. Joseph, Beni Salah (altitude 750 feet; March 28th to 30th), are some miles distant on the Bone-Guelma railway. Plants cited—Crucifere ; Diplotaxis sp., or Brassica (Sinapis) nigra (iv. 6, 80; v. 2);Koniga (Alysson) maritima (xi. 31; 1.4). Zamariscinee ; Tamarix (vi. 26, 29; vii. 18; ix. 7). Geraniacex ; Erodium sp.—(iv. 9). Legumi- nose; Ononis natrix, var. ramosissima (vii. 21); Lotus prostratus (iv. 9). osacew; Rubus discolor Geeeeds vi. 11-13, 17, 21). Lythracex; Lythrum salicaria (vill. 10). Umbellifere ; Eryngium tricuspidatum (viii. 6, 17); Ammi majus (viii. 8), visnaga (vii. 10, 18); Daucus gummifer (viii. 8, 17), gracilis (vii. 13). Dipsacex ; Scabiosa sp.—(vii. 10), ruteefolia (v.26). Compositz; Bellis sylvestris (i. 17); Aster of horticulture (xi. 10); Inula viscosa (xi. 4), crithmoides (vill. 24; xii. 28, 31); Senecio sp.—(ix. 10), leucanthemifolius (ii. 17, 26; ii. 4, 11, 28); Carlina racemosa (vii. 13); Atractylis gummifera (vill. 17); Centaurea sp.—(vii. 31; viii. 2); Scolymus hispanicus (vii. 10, 22); Chondrilla juncea (vill. 22); Crepis taraxa- cifolia (av. 20), clausonis (xu. 31). > a A 4 New Lepidoptera from New Zealand. 579 ‘ : Cacecia postvittana, Walk. This common Australian species was bred at Christ- church by Mr. Fereday from a larva feeding in imported apples, and has also been taken at Wellington by Mr. Hudson, probably similarly introduced; there is no proof yet that it has established itself, but being very polyphagous it may probably do so. Cacecia astrologana, Meyr. A Tasmanian species, which has been also met with at Wellington by Mr. Hudson; whether native or introduced there is no evidence to show. HLACHISTIDA. Batrachedra tristicta, n. sp. 62. 10-11 mm. Head, antenne, thorax, abdomen, and legs fuscous-whitish. Palpi whitish, second joint with short scale- projection, subbasal and subapical spots of second joint, and basal and subapical spots of terminal dark fuscous. Forewings whitish, irrorated with fuscous and sprinkled with dark fuscous ; first and second discal stigmata elongate, black, first somewhat before middle ; a round black apical dot: cilia very pale whitish-fuscous. Hind- wings grey ; cilia pale whitish-fuscous. Two specimens taken at Makatoku, in March. Batrachedra agaura, n. sp. $@. 13-17mm. Head pale whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish, second joint dark fuscous towards apex, scale-projection slight, terminal joint more or less suffused with dark fuscous except base and apex. Antenne and thorax whitish-ochreous, reddish-tinged. Abdomen ochreous-whitish. Legs dark fuscous, suffusedly ringed with ochreous-whitish. Forewings whitish-ochreous or pale reddish- ochreous, more or less suffused with dark fuscous or dark reddish- fuscous irroration ; plical and first and second discal stigmata large, dark fuscous, plical at 2, first discal slightly beyond middle: cilia pale fuscous, on costa ochreous-whitish dotted with dark fuscous, round apex with a black basal line. Hindwings rather dark fuscous ; eilia light fuscous or pale ochreous. Hight specimens, taken at Whangarei, Nelson, and Mount Arthur, in December and January. XVIII. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. By W. L. DISTANT. [Read November 6th, 1901.] PuLaTE XVI. THE following descriptions appertain to a number of inter- esting species, some recently included in my collection. For the species from Hainan Island and the two beautiful Cicadas here figured, I have to thank my ever-helpful friend Dr. E. A. Heath. An undescribed Catacanthus from India, where C. incarnatus, Drury, is such a dominant and widely-spread species, was unexpected, and C. mirabilis, sp. n., from Travancore makes a second species of the genus known to inhabit British India. A small collection placed in my hands by Mr. R. Shelford, of the Sarawak Museum, contained some interesting novelties, of which Coptosoma regnum, sp. n., is one of, if not the finest species in the genus, and it is evident that our present knowledge of the Bornean Rhynchota is still very imperfect. HETEROPTERA. Family PENTATOMIDA. Subfamily PLATASPIDIN A. Coptosoma regnum, sp.n. (Plate XVI, fig. 4, a. b.) Ochraceous; head and a large apical subtriangular ‘patch to scutellum—occupying about half of the whole area—black ; head with two ochraceous lateral spots containing some dark punctures ; pronotum with scattered coarse black punctures and two waved piceous lines on anterior area ; scutellum with scattered coarse dark _ punctures on ochraceous area, the black apical area coarsely punctate and with some castaneous reticulations; sternum black, opaque ; abdomen and legs pale castaneous, abdominal disk and segmental margin black. Head broad, moderately convexly produced anteriorly, the central lobe gibbously raised and reaching the anterior margin, margins of the lateral lobes moderately reflexed ; pronotum with the lateral angles distinctly broadly convexly subprominent. Long. 7 millim. Max. lat. 7 millim. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 582 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Hab. Bornko, Matang (Shelford). This large and magnificent species cannot well be confounded with any Coptosoma at present described. Subfamily SCUTELLERIN 4. Chrysocoris wndigoferus, sp. n. Above metallic-green ; central lobe of head, three broad longitu- dinal fascize to pronotum—not reaching anterior margin and the two outermost broken near apices—and a spot near lateral angles, scutellum with three large spots on each side, a very small basal, a large discal elongate spot and the apex, dark indigo-blue ; body beneath, rostrum, and legs ochraceous; margin of head beneath, lateral segmental spots to sternum, apices of rostrum and femora, the tibia, and marginal segmental spots to abdomen, dark indigo-blue ; central spots between the coxe, and the antenne black, the last with the basal joint—excluding apex—ochraceous. Second joint of antennz very short, third and fourth alm subequal, each shorter than the fifth. Long. 15 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 9 millim. Hab. HAINAN ISLAND. In structure and markings of the body above this species is closely allied to C. bilunulatus, Vollenh., but differs entirely by the colour beneath. Subfamily CYDNIN ZL. Fromundus, gen. nov. Body somewhat short and broad, above opaque. Head moderately exserted, the eyes prominent and not resting on the anterior margin of the pronotum, lateral margins rounded, anterior margin broad, sub-truncate, central lobe as long as the lateral lobes, the margins with about twelve long hairs, antenne five-jointed, first and second joints shortest, most slender, and subequal in length ; third, fourth and fifth incrassated, fifth longest ; rostrum reaching the intermediate coxe, second joint reaching the anterior coxe ; pronotum broader than long, anterior margin concavely excavated for the insertion of the head, the anterior angles broadly prominent, extending beyond the outer margin of eyes, lateral margins slightly obliquely rounded, and furnished with some scattered long hairs ; scutellum longer than broad, reaching to about two-thirds the length of the abdomen, lateral margins slightly convex and narrowed to apex ; corium about two-thirds the length of the abdomen, outer margin moderately Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. 583 dilated and convex, much broader than the abdomen, posterior margin slightly sinuate ; membrane short ; anterior tibize moderately dilated, with five or six spines on their outer margin, and with two apical spines ; intermediate and posterior tibiz longly spinous on both sides. This genus is somewhat difficult to precisely locate. In a general enumeration I should place it in the neighbour- hood of Hiverus. In my Indian monograph I record it after Brachypelta. Fromundus opacus, sp. n. Dull dark castaneous, very closely and thickly punctate, the lateral margins of the coriui paler in hue ; antenne and rostrum ochraceous ; sternum and legs castaneous ; abdomen piceous, shining ; membrane pale hyaline. Pronotum with two obscure dull discal patches ; scutellum with a levigate spot near each basal angle ; the upper surface very thickly and somewhat coarsely punctate ; abdomen beneath finely punctate, Long. 4 millim. Max. lat. 3 millim. Hab. CEYLON (Green—Brit. Mus.). Sehirus orientalis, sp. na. Head, pronotum, scutellum, body beneath and legs, black ; corium very dark castaneous, with two small discal ochraceous spots placed one above the other; membrane hyaline, the venation brownish ; tarsi ochraceous ; antenne brownish, the apical joint palest. Head broad, strongly punctate, the lateral lobes much longer than central lobe and meeting in front of it ; pronotum strongly punctate with a strong transverse central impression, and with three longitu- dinal furrows on posterior half; scutellum thickly punctate, lateral areas prominently grooved, a faint central carinate line, and the apex a little depressed ; corium coarsely punctate, the veins very prominent. . Long. 3 millim. Hab. BurMA, Karen. Subfamily PENTATOMIN 41. Pretextatus, gen. nov. Body ovate ; head with the lateral margins laminate, angulated in front of eyes and then distinctly sinuate, the lateral lobes longer than the central lobe but not quite meeting at their apices, eyes prominent ; 584 Mr. W. L. Distant’s antenne five-jointed, basal joint not reaching the apex of the head ; pronotum with the lateral margins oblique, laminate, slightly but distinctly recurved ; the anterior angles prominent, anterior margin sinuated for the reception of the head, lateral angles subprominent ; scutellum shorter than the corium gradually attenuated to apex which is narrow and obtusely acute ; membrane with longitudinal veins, some furcate but not reticulate ; rostrum reaching the inter- mediate cox, first joint not quite reaching base of head ; meso- and metasterna somewhat obscurely furrowed. Allied to 4idnus, Dall., and differing principally by the narrowed scutellum; also by the sinuated and more reflexed lateral margins of the head, etc. Pretextatus typicus, sp. n. Blackish-castaneous, the corium a little paler in hue ; membrane fuliginous ; antenne piceous, the apical joint stramineous ; body beneath black ; legs and rostrum dark castaneous ; pronotum with two small central pale spots on anterior disk. Antenne with the fourth joint longest, second shorter than third ; upper surface thickly punctate, scutellum transversely wrinkled. Long. 13 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 7 millim. Hab. BuRMA (Coll. Dist.). Valescus, gen. nov. Somewhat broadly ovate ; head with the lateral margins reflexed, moderately laminate, angulated in front of eyes, the lateral lobes longer than the central and cleft at their apices, eyes large and prominent ; antenne five-jointed, basal joint not reaching the apex of the head ; pronotum with the anterior angles broadly truncate and acutely angulated at their apices, lateral margins oblique, moderately laminate and very finely crenulate, lateral angles sub- prominent, posterior margin nearly straight, anterior margin excavated for the reception of the head behind which it is truncate ; scutellum more than half the length of the abdomen and narrowed before apex which is rounded; membrane not quite reaching apex of abdomen and with longitudinal veins ; rostrum reaching the inter- mediate cox, the first joint almost extending to base of head ; meso- and metasterna somewhat obscurely furrowed; antenne, tibie, and tarsi distinctly pilose. Allied to Adnus and Pretextatus. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. 585 Valescus nigricans, sp. 0. Very dark blackish-castaneous ; antenne, rostrum, coxe and legs dark ochraceous; fifth joint of antennz stramineous with its extreme apex piceous. Antenne pilose, second joint a little shorter than third fourth or fifth joints which are subequal in length ; head coarsely punctate with a small impunctate spot before each eye ; pronotum transversely wrinkled, thickly punctate on the anterior and lateral margins, rugulose on posterior area ; scutellum trans- versely wrinkled, obscurely finely punctate on apical area ; corium thickly punctate ; sternum coarsely punctate, abdomen very finely and obscurely punctate. Long. 12 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 7 millim. Hab. CEYLON (G. Lewis). Hyparete vitrensis, sp. 0. Dark ochraceous, thickly punctate; eyes, two discal spots to pronotum, a spot at each basal angle and the apex and apical margins of scutellum, and a spot near anterior and intermediate coxee, black ; abdomen beneath—excluding lateral margins—pale castaneous. Antennz ochraceous, apices of third fourth and fifth joints infuscated, basal joint almost as long as the head its apex extending considerably beyond it, second fourth and fifth joints subequal in length, third a little shorter but longer than first, head with the basal area impunctate, containing three double longitudinal rows of punctures ; pronotum with the anterior angles extending a little beyond the latitude of the eyes, and terminating in a short spinous- tubercle, posterior angles obtusely subprominent, corium with the lateral margins moderately ampliated and rounded; abdomen beneath with the lateral margins widened and convexly rounded, with the second and third joints sulcated at base ; rostrum just passing the posterior coxe ; membrane with longitudinal veins, and considerably extending beyond the apex of abdomen. Long. 16 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 7% millim. Hab. Fist ISLANDS. Catacanthus mirabilis, sp.n. (Plate XVI, fig. 3, a. b.) Reddish-ochraceous ; head, lateral and anterior margins of pronotum, two-thirds of the scutellum from base terminating in a lanceolate line, a large transverse rounded spot completely crossing eorium a little beyond middle, sternum, disk of basal abdominal 586 Mr. W. L. Distant’s segment and large lateral abdominal spots dark bluish-green ; antennz, legs, two discal spots to pronotum, a series of large marginal spots to connexivum, and central abdominal spots to abdomen, dark indigo-blue; membrane brassy black; extreme apices of femora, coxe, lateral margins of meso- and metasterna, posterior margin of metasternum, and basal abdominal spine, ochraceous. Second and third joints of antennz shorter than fourth and fifth joints; lateral margins of pronotum very distinctly reflexed ; pronotum very obscurely punctate, scutellum and corium much more distinctly punctate, apex of scutellum almost levigate ; membrane considerably passing apex of abdomen. Long. incl. membrane 28 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 13 millim. Hab. InptA, Travancore. A species by markings more resembling C. nigripes, Sulz., than the common oriental C. incarnatus, Drury. Axiagastus mitescens, sp. 0. Head, pronotum and scutellum ochraceous ; head with the margins of the central lobe black; antennz with the basal joint ochraceous, second third and- fourth joints black, fifth joint mutilated ; pronotum with the lateral margins, a subanterior marginal series of punctures, four small spots in transverse series on anterior area, followed by a few scattered very coarse punctures, and an irregular series of coarse punctures near posterior margin, black ; scutellum with three large black spots, two—rounded—on anterior disk, the other—sublunate—before apex ; corium ochraceous, very thickly blackly punctate, the lateral margins, veins, and some discal markings, levigate ochraceous; membrane cupreous ; body beneath and legs ochraceous; anterior and lateral margins—narrowly—of prosternum, coarse punctures to prosternum, a spot on each sternal segment, stigmata—with an outer and inner row of spots, and narrow posterior margins to abdominal segments, black. Long. 13 to 14 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 9 millim. Hab. HAINAN ISLAND. Allied to A. rosmarus, Dall., from which it differs by the much less and differently punctured head and pronotum, different colour of antenne, etc. Brachycoris thoracicus, sp. 0. Head, pronotum, and antenne black; corium and scutellum ochraceous ; nearly basal half of corium, and less than basal half of Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. 587 lateral margins of scutellum, black; apical areas of corium and scutellum tinged with pale castaneous; membrane pale, smoky, hyaline ; pronotum with five prominent, levigate, pale ochraceous spots—the central one transverse and longest—in curved series on anterior disk ; body beneath and legs ochraceous; head beneath, rostrum, lateral areas of sternum, and anterior tibiz excluding base, black; apices of intermediate and posterior tibiw obscurely castaneous. Head and pronotum finely transversely wrinkled and punctate, corium and scutellum thickly and finely punctate ; antenne with the fourth and fifth joints incrassated, fourth shorter than fifth, third shorter than second ; rostrum just passing the intermediate coxe. Long. 6 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 4 millim. fab. BORNEO, Muching (Shelford). The pronotal levigate spots are a distinguishing feature of this species. Subfamily THSSARATOMINZE. Pygoplatys Shelford, sp. n. Reddish-ochraceous ; antenne, and the posterior margins of lateral pronotal spines, black ; basal margins of odoriferous apertures piceous ; basal joint of antennz reddish-ochraceous ; membrane ochraceous. Antenne with the second joint much longer than the third— remainder mutilated ; head sparingly punctate and obscurely trans- versely wrinkled ; pronotum somewhat sparingly but coarsely punctate, two small transverse almost impunctate spaces on anterior area, lateral angles prominently spinous, acutely and moderately anteriorly produced, their anterior margins very thickly and coarsely punctate ; scutellum finely punctate, about apical half much nar- rowed, deeply centrally sulcate, the extreme apex piceous ; corium thickly and finely punctate; connexivum coarsely and darkly punc- tate, sternal process just passing anterior coxe ; abdomen prominently centrally ridged ; lateral margins of the posterior abdominal segment and posterior margin of the anal appendage, narrowly black. Long. 25 millim. Exp. pronot. angl. 17 millim. Hab, BoRNEO, Baram (Shelford). Family PYRRHOCORIDZ. Largus umbrosus, sp. n. Dull opaque ochraceous ; head, antenne, and legs, piceous ; pro- notum with scattered dark coarse punctures, anterior area somewhat castaneous, an oblique spot at each anterior angle and the posterior TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 39 588 Mr. W. L. Distant’s margin pale, impunctate ; scutellum somewhat castaneois, darkly punctate ; corium sparsely darkly punctate, the lateral margins and apical area impunctate ; sternum castaneous, greyishly pilose, lateral margins and coxe, ochraceous, posterior margin of metasternum luteous ; abdomen pale castaneous, posterior segmental margins luteous. Anterior femora with three spines beneath near apex, the central spine much the longest ; rostrum reaching or just passing the inter- mediate coxee, antennz with the first and acide joints juges second longer than the third. Long. 10 to 12 millim. Hab. WEST INDIES. For over twenty years I have possessed a series of this distinct species for which I had no more precise habitat than the above. Uhler records no species of the genus from Smith’s Antillian collection. The only Cuban species described is abundantly distinct. I have decided now to describe the species under the somewhat loose habitat of “West Indies.” Largus genvculatus, sp. n. Head, antennz, pronotum, scutellum, body beneath, rostrum, and legs, piceous ; extreme base and root of first joint of antenna, anterior and posterior margins and sublateral anterior spots to pro- notum, buccule, coxee, bases and apices of femora, bases of tibiz, and lateral sternal margins, sanguineous ; apex of scutellum and the corium reddish-ochraceous, thickly, coarsely, and blackly punctate, the lateral margins to corium impunctate ; membrane very pale ochraceous, not reaching apex of abdomen. First joint of antenne longer than second or third joints but shorter than fourth joint ; pronotum and scutellum sparingly, coarsely, punctate ; body beneath finely pilose ; body elongate, broadest at about centre of corium. Long. 12 millim. Max. lat. 44 millim. Hab. COLOMBIA, Cauca (Dr. Thieme). Stictaulax flammeolus, sp. n. Head, pronotum, and scutellum black ; eyes, anterior, lateral, and posterior margins of pronotum, luteous ; corium and the apex of the scutellum cinnamoneus ; membrane brownish-ochraceous ; body beneath luteous ; head beneath, large transverse spots near coxe, discal segmental fascize to abdomen, rostrum, and legs black ; antenne with the first and second joints black, remainder mutilated. E. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. 589 Head glabrous; pronotum obscurely punctate ; corium thickly and finely punctate ; body beneath levigate. Long. 15 millim. Hab. near PorT MoRESBY. Allied to S. circwmsepta, Stal., from which it is distin- guished by the levigate and fasciate under surface of the body. Dindymus obesius, sp. 0. Reddish-ochraceous; scutellum, and basal area of abdomen beneath —the last centrally extending for about half its length and nowhere reaching the lateral margins—black ; apical joint of antennz ochr- aceous, its extreme apex fuscous ; apex of scutellum reddish-ochr- aceous ; membrane ochraceous ; sternum, excluding lateral margins, a little darker in hue. Abdomen very gibbous beneath, its sides moderately compressed ; pronotum with the lateral margins strongly reflexed, inwardly bor- dered with some coarse punctures, anterior area gibbous and pos- teriorly defined by a transverse series of coarse punctures ; scutellum with a transverse discal lunate ridge ; corium with clavus thickly punctate. Long. 16 millim. Max. abdom. exp. 7 millim. Hab. Sumatra (H. O. Forbes). Dindymus famosus, sp. 0. Black ; posterior lobe of pronotum dark castaneous ; scutellum luteous, its base narrowly black ; corium and abdomen beneath red- dish-ochraceous ; membrane black with a large central transverse ochraceous fascia. Antenne with the first joint much longer than the second— remainder mutilated ; pronotum with the lateral margins somewhat strongly reflexed, head and anterior pronotal lobe levigate ; posterior pronotal lobe somewhat coarsely punctate ; corium almost impunc- tate, clavus distinctly punctate ; body beneath impunctate. Long. 13 millim. Hab. DuKE YorK ISLAND. Scantius obscurus, sp. 0. Dark piceous, unicolorous, a little paler or dark castaneous beneath. Above thickly but very finely punctate ; pronotum with a broad central ridge on anterior disk, its lateral margins slightly reflexed ; 590 Mr. W. L. Distant’s antenn robust, first and second joints longest and subequal in length, third a little shorter than fourth. Long. 7 millim. Hab. CEYLON. Allied to S. volucris, Gerst, an East African species, but of which I possess examples from the Madras province of Brit. India. Dysdercus mawrus, sp. 0. Head, antennz, scutellum, membrane, and legs, black ; corium dark piceous, its lateral margins narrowing luteous; pronotum ochraceous, the anterior transverse callosity and lateral margins reddish-ochraceous, the margins of the callosity and the subbasal margin, black; sternum and abdomen beneath luteous ; lateral - margins of sternum and a transverse spot on each lateral area of sternal segments, lateral margins of abdomen—broadly—and a central discal fascia, coxee, and extreme bases of femora, reddish- ochraceous ; rostrum castaneous, its base and apex piceous ; base of apical joint of antennz luteous. Posterior area of pronotum sparingly punctate; corium and clavus thickly punctate ; rostrum reaching the second abdominal segment. Long. 10 millim. Hab. PERNAMBUCO, Quipapa. Dysdercus caribbsus, sp. 0. Ochraceous ; head, transverse callosity and laternal margins of pronotum, pale sanguineous; head with the apex, a basal central fascia, a spot in front of eyes and basal margin, black ; pronotum with a vari- ably sized piceous patch on posterior area ; scutellum piceous its basal angles reddish ; an oblique discal line, a transverse fasciaand narrower apical fascia to corium piceous ; membrane black ; rostrum pale castan- eous its base and apex piceous ; sternum and abdomen luteous ; lateral margins of sternum and abdomen, a transverse spot on the lateral areas of each sternal segment, cox and femora reddish-ochraceous ; tibize and tarsi piceous ; antenne castaneous, its apical joint piceous with the base luteous; rostrum reaching the third abdominal segment. Long. 9 to 10 millim. Hab. ANTILLES.* * The remarks previously made with reference to this locality (supra p. 588) are again applicable. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Rhynchota. 591 Var. a. Head unspotted ; apices of femora piceous. Var. b. Resembling Var. a., but with the corium and posterior lobe of pronotum without piceous markings, excepting the oblique discal line to corium. HOMOPTERA. Family CICADIDS. Pecilopsalivria hova, sp. n. (Plate XVI, fig. 2, a. b.) 6. Head and thorax above olivaceous-green. Head with the front transversely striated with black and containing two anterior pale greenish spots ; vertex with the area of the ocelli, from which a curved fascia extends to eyes, a spot at anterior angles, and four small basal spots—those near eyes the largest, black. Pronotum with a spot on anterior margin, two elongate discal spots, two small rounded spots at centre of inner anterior margin, and the oblique incisures, black ; mesonotum with two central dentate spots on anterior margin, followed by both a small and elongate spot on each side, a small central triangular spot, and a spot at each of the anterior angles of the cruciform elevation, black ; abdomen above piceous very thickly greyishly pilose, the segmental margins and a basal central fascia olivaceous. Body beneath pale greenish-ochraceous ; base and apex of face, basal spots and subapical annulations to femora, tarsi, apex of rostrum, and abdominal segmental margins black ; opercula piceous their apical margins narrowly luteous. Tegmina with the basal half pale greenish, the costal membrane, venation, and basal cell ochraceous; apical half-grey semi-hyaline, irregularly spotted with fuscous, the venation ochraceous. Wings black, greyishly pilose at base ; apical and posterior margins white ; apical area greyish-brown with a white streak between the veins which are black and which at their apices have a submarginal series of black margined white spots. Face strongly transversely striated with a profound central sulca- tion ; rostrum just passing the posterior coxe ; opercula overlap- ping at centre, obliquely rounded at apices; body very broad and robust. Long. excl. tegm. 40 millim. Exp. tegm. 116 millim. Hab. MADAGASCAR. The nearest ally to this beautiful species is P. brancsiki, Dist. Cicada sylvara, sp.n. (Plate XVI, fig. 1 2, a.b. &.) 6. Head pale olivaceous-green ; the front castaneous, ochraceous at base with a central piceous spot; vertex with the central area 592 Mr. W. L. Distant’s Contributions, ete. behind front ochraceous, the ocelli bright castaneous margined with black. Prosternum olivaceous-green, with a large ochraceous discal spot on each side ; mesosternum ochraceous, with two large but very obscure central obconical spots at anterior margin, the outer margins of which are intensely black ; cruciform basal elevation ochraceous. Abdomen above more or less piceous and obscurely greyishly pilose, posterior margins of the second third and fourth segments and nearly the whole of the fifth and sixth segments, brownish-ochraceous., Body beneath with the face castaneous centrally piceous ; sternum thickly greyishly pilose with its margins olivaceous-green, abdomen brownish-ochraceous, sparingly greyishly pilose, in the female with a central darker fascia ; legs castaneous, cox, apices of femora and bases of tibize ochraceous, posterior tibize palest in hue. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline with the venation fuscous; teg- mina with the costal membrane, upper half of basal cell and a sub- basal streak olivaceous-green ; a submarginal series of small fuscous spots near apices of longitudinal veins to apical areas ; wings with some basal lineate fuscous streaks. ¢. Opercula ochraceous, about meeting internally, lateral margins obliquely rounded, apices convex. Long. excl. tegm. ¢, 42 millim.; 9, 40 millim. Exp. teal 3 and ¢ 120 millim. Hab. NORTH QUEENSLAND ; Cairns. I have described and figured the female because it is a fresh specimen in unfaded coloration ; the male speci- men I possess from the same source having all the olivace- ous-green replaced by, or faded into, ochraceous. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI. Fie. 1 9, a. b. g. Cicada sylwara. 2, a. b. Pecilopsaltria hova. Sa. oak 4, a, b. Coptosoma regnum. Catacanthus mirabilis. (i 8Be,.) XIX. The genus Hyliota, of the Coleopterous family Cucujidee, with descriptions of new forms and a List of the described species. By GILBERT J. ARROW, E.E.S. [Read Nov. 6th, 1901.] THE genera Hyliota, Latr. (Brontes, F.), and Dendro- phagus, Schonh., have been distinguished by characters furnished by their respective European representatives, HZ, planata, L., and D. crenatus, Payk., two rather widely differing forms, but the confusion occasioned by the result of authors’ attempts to distribute subsequently described species between the two genera shows the difficulty experienced in applying those distinctions to the species now known from all parts of the world. Indeed a glance at the various types assigned to Hyliota will show that several genera might be formed from these, having at least as substantial differences as those of the typical representatives of AHyliota and Dendrophagus. The recognized distinctions between the latter are found in the form of the prosternum and mesosternum, the shape of the last joint of the labial palpi and the lateral margins of the prothorax; but these characters show so many degrees of difference, and by their inconstancy seem so superficial, that, after an examination of nearly all the known species, it appears to me most natural to unite all in a single genus, which should be called Hyliota, that name being the oldest of the three now in use. This course will obviate much future confusion and difficulty, for the characteristics of the genus so constituted are well-marked. The chief are the elongation of the joints of the antenne, the large, more or less club- shaped, scape, the widely-separated anterior coxx, the truncate prosternum and the not-lobed tarsi. Of nine species assigned to Dendrophagus in Gemminger and Harold’s Catalogue, three New Zealand insects have already been removed to another genus and the three names standing for North American species pronounced synonymous. Of the three remaining, one has been redescribed as a species of Hyliota, and the other two (inhabiting Europe and Australia respectively) are not nearly allied. TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1901.—PART IV. (DEC.) 594 Mr. G. J. Arrow on the genus To simplify as far as possible the present involved state of the nomenclature of these insects I have drawn up a list in which I have included those known to me which are at present unnamed. Whereas the Catalogue of Gemminger and Harold enumerates in all 25 species, this list, including 12 others described since, shows only one more than that number of specifically distinct forms, to which I have added 6 hitherto undescribed. List of the species of Hyliota. africana, Grouv., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1889, PalOlplys, ne. 1h: ; . Fr. Guinea, arborea, Reitt., Wien. Ent. Zeits., 1889, R: 317 ‘ Cent. Japan. atrata, Grouv., "Bull. Sec. Ent. el at 1890, p.92. S. Madagascar. australis (Deadronbamin, Erichs., Wiegm. Arch., 1842, p. 218. : 4 Australia. bicolor, Arrow : ; ; : : ; . Tasmania, etc. brevicollis, Arrow . : : . N. Madagascar. capito, Pascoe, Ann. and May. Nat. Fisk, 1876, (4) XVli, p. 49 . : : . New Zealand. picturatus (Baaeteauies) Reitt., York, Ver. Brunn., xviii, p. 176. chilensis, Blanch., Gay’s Hist. Chil., v, p. 443, pl.26; fies Pl 3 Chili. cinnamomea, Fairm., Ann. Soe, Ent, ate 1868, p-781.. ; ; ; : ; . N. Madagascar. costicollis, Reitt., Coleopt. Hefte, 1876, xv, p.44 . Lower Burma. crenata, Payk., Faun. Suec., ii, p. 168 . : ; Europe. debilis, Casey, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1884 (? Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil., 1854, p. 76) . : : N. America. dubia, F., Syst. Eleut., ii, p. 97 ~ .. : : “ N. America. truncata, Motsch., Bull. Mose., 1845, i, p. 92. denticulata, Smith, Col. Brit. Mus., i, p. 14. fallax, Grouv., Ann. Mus. Genova, sR p. 859 . Lower Burma. fex, Grouv., l. ¢., p. 858 : : : Burma, etc. glabra, Lec. ee Lake Super., p. 298 . : . Canada. cygnxi, Mann., Bull. Mosc., 1846, ii, p. 515. v. americana, Misiins abid., 1853, 111, p. 207. gracilicornis, Arrow ; ; , ; , . Malay Pen., etc. indica, Arrow t S.W. India. integricollis, Fairm., Col. Chil, 1860, p- 5 : ; Chili. longicornis, Reitt., ‘Wien. Ent. Zeits., 1889, p. 316 Cent. Japan. Hyliota of the Coleopterous family Cucujide. 595 lucia, Pascoe, Journ. of Entom., 1862, p. 321 : Australia. nigricans, Pascoe, |. ec. australis (Brontes), Erichs., Wiegm. Arch., 1842, p. 217. macleayi, Olliff, Linn. Soc. N. S. cigs 1885, p- 218. ; : ; Australia. militaris, Erichs., Wicem, tee 1842, p- 217 ‘ Australia. [minimus, F. beet El., li, p. 98.] pallida, enc : . 8. Madagascar, planata, L., Faun. Suec., ae, 645 : : ‘ Europe. Diiadtalic, Fald., F auna Transcauc., li, p. 1. 259. puberula, Reitt., Stett, Ent. Zeits., 1878, p. 316 . ? Malay Penins. quadraticollis, en Ann, einw: Ent. France, 1868, p. 781 ; : : I Madagascar. serrata, Smith, Col. Mus. Brit, ip: ‘1 ; ; . Phil. Islands. conformis, Grouv., Bull, Soc. Ent. France, 1896, p. 199. _ serricollis, Cand., Mém. Soc. R. Liege, 1861, p. 443 Ceylon. ceylonicus, Motsch., Bull. Mosc., 1863, ii, p- 500. siamensis, Arrow . : : : ; : ; Siam. spinicollis, Guér., Icon. Regn. Anim., Ins., p. 205, pl. 42, fig. 3 ; : E. Indies, atrata, Reitt., Mitth. M enihe Ent, Vers 1877, p. 24. truncatipennis, Hell., Abh. Dresd. Mus., vii, 3, p. 26 . : : ; ; ; ‘ Celebes, The type of the genus 1s H. planata, L., an insect which seems to be well distributed over Europe; but Reitter’s opinion as to its identity with H. humeralis, Fald., from the Caucasus, has not yet been confirmed. Closely related to it is the North American H. dubia, F. Captain Casey mentions the Southern States of North America as the habitat of this, and ZH. debilis, Lec., as the representative of it in the North-Hastern States. The latter however was described by Leconte from a southern state, Georgia, while Gemminger’s catalogue strangely attributes it to California. A specimen in the British Museum from Pennsylvania seems to represent the form described by Casey, while there are examples of H. dubia from British Columbia and Lake Erie. Although Captain Casey appears to have had access to Leconte’s collection, I can- not satisfy myself as to the identity of his H. debilis with 596 Mr. G. J. Arrow on the genus that originally described by Dr. Leconte, for besides the want of agreement in habitat there is a discrepancy in the characters mentioned by the two authors, especially those peculiar to the male. H, denticulata, Smith, is identical with H. dubia, F., a label marked N. H. borne by the type specimen evidently having been interpreted by Smith as signifying “ New Holland.” There are other specimens, however, in the Museum, obviously belonging to the same collection and which have certainly come from the United States. Hf. serrata (Dendrophagus serratus), Smith, a Philippine species, has been redescribed by M. Grouvelle as H. con- formis ; and the Ceylon representative of the genus has also been twice described, first by Candeze as Brontes serricollis and two years later by Motschulsky as B. ceylon- wus. The later description contains a strange mistake, the dimensions being given as length 3 line, and breadth % line. Such a proportion for any insect of Brontes-type, described moreover as “‘elongatus,’ is evidently wrong. The breadth stated is that of H. serricollis, and the other figures are no doubt the result of a slip. Brontes lucius and nigricans, of Pascoe, have been pro- nounced by Olliff, with some hesitation, to be one species. A comparison of the types leaves no doubt whatever upon this point. Erichson’s description of Brontes australis also applies exactly to this species, and although Olliff has separated them in his catalogue of the Cucujide of Australia I have no doubt of their identity. It is notice- able that Pascoe has compared ZH. lucia and nigricans with the dissimilar AH. militaris, Erichs., but omitted any com- parison with H. australis, Erichs., although described upon the same page. H. lucia appears to be common in Tasmania, and it appears to me most probable that Olliff has given Erichson’s name to an undescribed Tasmanian species, possibly that to which I have given the name of H, bicolor on a later page. Erichson has applied the name australis to two species, placing one in Dendrophagus and one in Brontes. I have therefore used the name lucia for the latter, retaining Erichson’s name for the other. Hyliota atrata, Reitt., being the same as H. spinicollis, Guér., as I have been able to ascertain from a typical specimen in M. René Oberthiir’s collection, the Madagas- car species given the same name subsequently by M. Grouvelle may be allowed perhaps to retain it. Hyliota of the Coleopterous family Cucujide. 597 Brontes minimus, ¥., appears to have remained unrecog- nized, but there is every reason to believe that at least it does not belong to our genus. Dendrophagus capito, Pasc., has been redescribed by Reitter as Parabrontes picturatus from a specimen sent by Mr. R. Helms which appears to have been a female. There is in the British Museum a similar female, received from the same collector, with which I have been able to compare Pascoe’s type, which is a male. There is a con- siderable difference between the sexes in the length of the antenne, their shortness in the female having no doubt led Reitter to mistake the affinities of the species. There is no close relationship between Hyliota and Cryptamorpha (Parabrontes, Redt.), and a glance at the tarsi of H. capito will show at once that it has nothing to do with the latter. It is interesting to be able to record the existence of a species of this genus in Mexico. Although representatives have long been known in both North and South America, none has hitherto been found in the intervening region, but a single specimen in M. Oberthiir’s collection from that country is in certain respects intermediate between the dissimilar forms north and south of it. The very remarkable species, Hyliota few, Grouv., dis- covered in Eastern Burma, has been obtained by M. Oberthiir from Bootan, so that its range is fairly extensive. Although more nearly related to H. spinicollis than to any other species, this insect has an appearance altogether peculiar to itself, the elytra forming a triangle, the width of which, at the base is partly due to a broad upturned lateral flange. The upper surface in both insects is covered with a grey sooty substance, and the form of the head, with its small but prominent eyes, is the same, but the antennz of H. few are not expanded and are proportion- ately longer than those of /. spinicollis. The following are the undescribed /Hyliotx included in the foregoing list. HT, bicolor, sp. n. Modice depressa, hirta, luride rufa, elytris nigris, marginibus pallidioribus ; capite prothoraceque opacis, crebre et profunde punctatis, oculis magnis, tuberculo posteriore nullo ; prothorace longitudine ad latitudinem quali, tricostato, costa media levi, marginibus antica et postica tenuiter nigris, lateribus valde arcuatis, spinosis, spina antica forte ; scutello rufo, crebre punctato ; elytris 598 Mr. G. J. Arrow on the genus piceo-nigris, striato-punctatis, humeris fere acute angulatis, dein recte attenuatis ; antennis quam corpore paulo brevioribus, articulo primo longitudine ad tres sequentes fere eequale, secundo moniliforme ; tibiis omnibus incurvatis, mediis post basin fere tuberculatis. Long. 9 mm. Hab. TAsMANIA, Hobart; Vicroria, Western Port Bay. | This appears to be a fairly common insect, which has inclined me to think that it may be that referred to by Olliff under the name of australis, Erichs. I have seen series of the species in the collections of Mm. Grouvelle and Oberthiir in addition to those in the British Museum, which are all from Tasmania. H. bicolor is a species almost exactly intermediate between AH. militaris, Er., and AH. lucia, Pascoe. The antenne, however, are relatively shorter than in either, and the deep red colour of the head and thorax is also peculiar. The form and size are those of H. lucia and the thorax is similar although rather narrower in front. The shining elytra, angular at the shuulders, are as in H, militaris, but are uniformly black with the exception of the extreme margins. The legs are red, and the middle tibiz have a slight excrescence externally, in the same position as in H. lucia, but scarcely so prominent. H. gracilicorms, sp. 0. Nigro-fusca, opaca, modice depressa, prothorace longitudine ad latitudinem vix quali, lateribus arcuatis, valde spinosis (antice preesertim), postice fortiter contractis, disco non costato; scutello parvo ; elytris striato-punctatis, humeris angulatis, dein regulariter attenuatis ; pedibus paulo pallidioribus, femoribus vix inflatis, tibiis rectis, mediis ad basin minute tuberculatis; antennis tenuibus, longissimis, quam corpus multo longioribus, articulo tertio quam secundo duplo longiore, quarto equali. Long. 10 mm. Hab. MALAY PENINSULA, Perak; SUMATRA, Si Rambe. This species belongs to the group of large forms com- monly enveloped in a loose earthy covering, as is 7. lucia, Pascoe. It differs from that insect by its rather more flattened form and fewer teeth at the sides of the pro- thorax. The disc of the latter is flat without perceptible elevations or punctures. The shoulders are more sharply angular than those of H. /ucia, and the sides of the elytra are abruptly perpendicular, at least anteriorly. The third Hyliota of the Coleopterous family Cucujide. 599 and fourth joints of the antennz are of equal length, whereas in the other species the fourth joint is about equal to the second and third together. From ZH. spini- collis, Guér., the new species differs by its non-thickened antenne and the presence of a tubercle on the middle tibie. I may note here that the species referred to by Dr. Heller in his table of the Indo-Malayan Hyliot# as dent- iculatus, Smith (an insect I have already referred to H. dubia, Fabr.), and earlier as “ denticollis, Sm.,” is evidently HT, lucia, Pascoe. Hf. siamensis, sp. 0. Testacea, valde depressa, setis fulvis brevissimis undique vestita, capite prothoraceque grosse punctatis, medio subnitidis ; illo antice longitudinaliter carinato, carina brevissima, inter pilorum aureorum fasciculos duos posita, oculis prominentibus ; prothorace fere quad- rato, lateribus subzequaliter dentatis, disco utrinque carinato ; elytris extus valde carinatis, punctato-striatis, interstitiis alternatis leevis- sime carinatis ; pedibus brevissimis simplicibus ; antennarum arti- culo quarto ad duos preecedentes conjunctos fere zequali, tertio quam secundo duplo longiore. Long. 5°5 mm. . Hab. StAM (Bowring). This species is exceedingly lke 4, costzcollis, Reitt., with the type of which I have been able through M. Oberthiir’s kindness to compare it. It is rather smaller and the head and thorax are visibly punctured and not entirely opaque, while the two strong carinz on the disc of each elytron are only feebly indicated in this, as in H. serricollis, Cand., which however is much more elongate. If M. Grouvelle is right in regarding the possession of tufts of hairs upon the front of the head as a sexual character, the two specimens from which my description is compiled are males. H, indica, sp. n. Testacea, valde depressa, setis erectis brevissimis undique vestita ; capite prothoraceque crebre punctatis, illius medio antice et postice subtiliter elevato ; prothorace antice, postice et lateraliter vage im- presso, quam longitudine paulo latiore, basin versus angustato, lateribus rectis, vix perspicue dentatis, dentibus duobus anticis minus minutis, disco non carinato; scutello valde transverso, crebre punctato ; elytris striato-punctatis, lateraliter acute carinatis, postice 600 Mr. G. J. Arrow on the genus et extra carinas pilis longioribus vestitis, antennis (quam corpore, ¢ longioribus, 2 brevioribus) articulis omnibus elongatis, secundo quam tertii dimidio longiore, quarto et sequentibus subzqualibus ; pectore nudo, prosterno postice transverse strigoso, meso- et meta- sterno grosse punctatis, abdomine subtus pubescente, segmentis secundo, tertio et quarto medio bi-impressis. Long. 6°3 mm. Hab. 8.W. Inpia, N. Kanara (H. E. Andrewes). This is the first species as yet described from India proper, although A. spinicollis and H. few have been received by M. Oberthiir from Bootan. It closely re- sembles H. puberula, Reitt., and H. fallax, Grouv., but is larger than either and considerably larger than the first, while it has not the deep impression and tuft of hairs upon the head stated by M. Grouvelle to characterize the male of H. fallax. Although the relative length of the joints of the antennz, which afford one of the most positive means of identifying these difficult species, is not described in either of those mentioned, if my identification of them is correct they are both characterized by nearly equal second and third joints, the remainder progressively in- creasing in length to the end. In the new species the third joint is considerably longer than the second and slightly longer than.those following, which are of equal length. HI. pallida, sp. n. Valde depresssa, pallide testacea, capite prothorace antennisque rufo-flavis ; capite prothoraceque crebre punctatis, hoc paulo trans- verso, lateribus fere rectis, levissime crenatis, angulis anticis minute , bidentatis, posticis paululo contractis, disco costis duabus lateralibus fere parallelis instructo; scutello punctato ; elytris striato-punctatis, lateribus acute carinatis ; antennis quam corpore longioribus, scapo gracile, recto, articulo secundo longitudine ad tertii dimidio equali. Long. 8 mm. Hab. S. MADAGASCAR, Fianarantsoa. This is a species closely allied to H. atrata, Grouv., which was also found in the same locality, but much lighter in colour than that or any other known Madagas- can form. The prothorax is rather shorter and its lon- gitudinal costz more pronounced and straighter. The single type specimen, found by the Rev. W. D. Cowan, is a male, and has the conspicuous, strongly-curved prolongation of the mandibles distinctive of that sex in this section of the J a Hyliota of the Coleopterous family Cucujidw. 601 genus. It is the largest specimen from Madagascar known to me. H. brevicollis, sp. un. Valde depressa, rufo-brunnea, capite, prothorace antennisque obscurioribus; capite prothoraceque crebre punctatis, hoc valde transverso, lateribus rectis, fere integris, angulis anticis minute dentatis, posticis vix contractis, disco haud costato sed ad latera perpendiculariter declivo, postice late impresso; scutello punctato ; elytris striato-punctatis, lateraliter acute carinatis. 5°5-6 mm. ¢, corpus gracilius, antennis quam corpore multo longioribus, articulo tertio quam secundo bis longiore. 2, corpus minus elongatum, antennarum articulis basalibus minus inzequalibus. Hab. N. Mapacascar, Antongil Bay. This is a species very closely allied to A. cinnamomea, Fairm., which I have also identified from the same locality and which M. Oberthiir has received from 8. Marie I. and Feneriva. It is a little less slender than that species and a trifle lighter in colour. The prothorax is rather less densely punctured and consequently more shining. The other known Madagascan species of Hyliota are also rather more elongate than this insect. DECEMBER 30, 1901. THE PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON FoR THE YEAR 1901. February 6th, 1901. The Rev. Canon Fowner, M.A., F.L.8., President, in the Chair. Election of a Fellow. Mr. E. B. G. Nevinson, of 3 Tedworth Square, Chelsea, was elected a Fellow of the Society. Appointment of Vice-Presidents. The PresipENT then announced that he had appointed as Vice-Presipents, Mr. Cuartes G. Barrett, Mr. Epwarp SAUNDERS, and Mr. Grorce H. VERRALL. Address to the King. The PResIDENT proposed that an address of condolence and congratulation should be presented by the Society to his Majesty King Edward VII. on his accession to the throne, and remarked that in 1833 when the Society was founded her Majesty the late Queen with her mother the Duchess of Kent, were the first to sign the book subscribed by Members and Fellows upon admission to the Society, The proposal was seconded by Col. Swinnok and carried unanimously. PROC. ENT. SOC. LOND., I. 1901. A Exhibitions. The PresipENT exhibited a specimen of Colias, edusa var. helice, with the margins of the wings entirely dark as in the male; also a variety of Carterocephalus palemon, with the hind wings dark save for one conspicuous orange spot. Dr. T, A. CHapmMan exhibited a large series of Hndrosz col- lected during the last few years in the Western and Central Alps, by himself, Mr. A. H. Jones, and especially by Mr. Tutt ; EL. roscida, which is a very distinct dwarf form, and from frequenting marshy flats, must live on lichens growing in such localities and not on stones as the others do ; £. irrorella, which should be the rarest species in the Alps judging by the com- paratively few specimens met with; H. aurita, in very great variety, including a good many specimens that are called kuhlwent, var. alpestris, none however reaching the type of kuhlweni, but sufficient to bring very nearly to a certainty the question whether kuhlweni is simply an extreme form of awrtta. —F. aurita and F. irrorella, said Dr. CHAPMAN, are very near together, no point in their anatomy being absolutely distine- tive, while the genitalia are practically identical; Z. wrorella always looks much slighter, being lighter scaled and the hairs short and smooth. It always has a yellow patch on the . mesothorax. The venation is also distinctive, yet individuals of each species approach each other completely in each of the distinctive items of the venation, but never in all of them, so far as examination of a number of specimens goes. The specimens exhibited consisted of 24 roscida from two localities, 22 irrorelia from eight localities, and 204 awrita from 23 localities. Except wrorella from England, Finmark, and the Tyrol, and a few aurita from the Tyrol, all were from the Western Alps of Switzerland, Italy, and France. Examples from each locality when sufficiently numerous usually have a special facies. Some, as all those from Arolla, radiate; those from Bourg St. Maurice are without radiate forms, and so on. Some are more yellow; others deeper orange; some more mixed. Elevation tends to produce radiation, but no other general conclusion as to the effect of height, latitude, or longitude seems fully justified by the specimens. ( m-) Mr. C. G. Barrert exhibited for Mr. G. O. Day of Knuts- ford, a black variety of Aplecta nebulosa Tr. with white cilia, and an asymmetrical 9 var. of Fidonia atomaria, Linn. Mr. M. Jacosy exhibited an unknown specimen of the genus Halticide. Mrs. Nico. exhibited a collection of Rhopalocera from the Lebanon district of Syria, and Mr. H. J. Etwes, on her behalf, read a paper explaining and illustrating the several species included. He said that Mrs. Nicholl’s expedition had been both remarkable and successful. The lepidopterous fauna of this region was less known than that of other parts of Western Asia, and interesting inasmuch as the mountains of high Lebanon contained a larger proportion of alpine species than might have been expected. Our knowledge of the lepi- doptera of the country was based upon the reports of Lederer, Zach, and a short catalogue published in the /bis by Von Kalchberg of insects taken in the neighbourhood of Haifa, together with a lithographic list of lepidoptera observed in Palestine by Consul Paulus. Among other species Mr, Eiwes drew especial attention to the Lycenidx and the specimens of Thecla myrtale which, since it was described by Klug in 1832, has remained one of the best known members of the palzearctic fauna. No examples it appears had been taken in the interval until Mrs. Nicholl found it on the high mountains not uncom- mon in May and June. Y. asterope was also taken commonly on the coast, the species being the sole representative of its family between Syria and Manchuria. The Vymphalidx also showed a great range of variation. Sir JoHn LLEWELLYN, Bart., then made some remarks on the character of the country through which Mrs. Nicholl had travelled, and, in reply to Mr. Jacosy, Mrs. Nicnwoiu said that insects are not abundant generally, and the more productive spots are few and far between. Papers. The following papers were communicated :—“ A revision of the genus Astathes, Newm., and allied genera of Longicorn Coleoptera,” by Mr. Caarnes JosepH GAHAN, and “ A pre- liminary catalogue of the Lepidoptera-Heterocera of Trinidad,” by Mr. Wiiuiam James Kaye, any March 6th, 1901. The Rev. Canon Fowier, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair. Election of a Fellow. Mr. E. W. Lanz, of 9 Teesdale St., Hackney Rd., N.E,, was elected a Fellow of the Society. Exhibitions. Mr. H. St. J. DonisrHorpe exhibited a parasitic Braconid bred from galls of Ceuthorrhynchus sulcicollis, on turnip, together with the host. Mr. A. J. Cuitty exhibited a variety of Psylliodes cyan- optera, Ill., the coloration of the thorax being dark instead of the usual red colour, taken by him along with the typical form in August 1892, at Wicken Fen close to the Pumping Station. Mr. H. J. Turner exhibited a long series of Bryophila muralis (glandifera) from Dawlish. The whole were either taken on, or bred from pupe cut out of, a single roadside wall some hundred yards long, very lofty, and facing nearly north, on which aspect however it was protected by higher ground. They were obtained in mid-August, with the exception of a few which emerged at intervals during September and October 1900. Generally speaking the specimens were very dark, and the series was remarkable in that it contained but a few isolated examples of the forms which are prevalent in more eastern localities like Freshwater, Eastbourne, or Folkestone. The hind-wings of all the specimens were dark, while, in the majority, the black markings of the fore-wings were much intensified and increased in number, and a few specimens were largely suffused with black. A considerable number showed a dark rich green suffusion, while a large proportion were of a very deep yellow or olive colour with black markings. The yellow forms were perfectly natural, as a number emerged ‘from the pupa exactly of that hue. Only a few showed any trace of the typical delicate dove-colour of the eastern forms. The dwarfed specimens all emerged late in September or early in October, and it was suggested that the larve of these were i i i i i (9 feeding during the excessively hot and dry period which was characteristic of the summer of 1900. It was also noteworthy that the wings had a comparatively much greater area of black scaling. Motions. Mr. H. J, Ewes, who said he was acting as editor of the Entomological section of the Victoria History for the County of Gloucester, moved “that a Committee be appointed to consider the question of uniformity in nomenclature for the guidance of specialists contributing to the Victoria County Histories.” He stated that the entomological lists were under the superintendence of an advisory committee, and he read a letter from Mr. Hudd, a Fellow of the Society, who was writing the article on the Lepidoptera of the County for the Victoria History, asking for a direction in the matter referred to. | The motion was seconded by Mr. H. Goss, who said that there was at present no uniformity in the systems of arrange- ment in the Victoria County Histories, but that he would sup- port the adoption of Staudinger’s arrangement, in default of a better one, for the Lepidoptera. After a discussion in which Messrs. G. H. Vrrratt, H. Rowianp-Brown, C. J. Warn- WRIGHT, and the Rev. F. D. Morice participated, the motion was unanimously carried. A further motion that the Committee should be nominated by the Meeting having been proposed and negatived, an amendment proposed by Mr. C. O. WateErRHouss, seconded by Mr. H. Rowranp-Brown, that the appointment should rest with the Council of the Society, was carried, Mr. C. J. GAHAN objecting that the matter under discussion was one for the editor of the County Histories and not for the Society to settle. Papers. The following papers were read :—‘ Centoniide collected by Messrs. H. E. Andrewes and T. R. D. Bell in the Bombay Presidency, with descriptions of the new species,” by Mr. O. E. JANSON, and “A Supplementary Catalogue of British Ichneumonide,” by Mr. Craupe Mortey. March 20th, 1901. Mr. Georce Henry VeRRALL, Vice-President, in the Chair. Election of Fellows. Mr. WitLoucHey Garpyer, F.L.S., Reform Club, Liverpool ; Mr. F. Hopson, 16, Rosslyn Hill, N.W.; Dr. C. A. Lepoux, Grahamstown, South Africa; Mr. H. H. Lyman, M.A., Montreal, Canada; Mr. C. P. Picxert, Leyton, Essex; Mr. W.G. Smiru, 164, Wells Road, Knowle, Bristol; Mr. G. A. WATERHOUSE, B.Sc., Sydney, New South Wales ; and Mr. F. C. WoopForpdE, Market Drayton, were elected Fellows of the Society. Exhibitions. Mr. C. J. Watkins sent for exhibition a series of larch twigs illustrating the winter condition of Coleophora laricella, the special feature being the manner in which the cases of the larvee assimilated in colour with the bark of the larch. Mr. G. B. RouttepcE exhibited a specimen of Hydrilla palustris taken on the wing by Mr. J. KE. Thwaytes when “ sugaring” near Carlisle on June 10th, 1899. He said it was the first male taken in that district. Mr. C. G. Barrett remarked that it was the most definitely marked specimen of any known, and that in the northern locality the lines on the wings seemed to be brought out with greater distinction than in the fen country and elsewhere. Mr. Thwaytes also exhibited specimens of Bembidium schuppeli, a rare beetle captured on the banks of the river Irthing. Mr. R. McLacuuan exhibited Trichopterous larva-cases of the form known as ‘‘ Helicopsyche” from the Prony River, New Caledonia, sent to him by Mr. J. J. Walker, R.N. They were large and remarkable for the size of the individual sand- grains of which they were built up. These sand-grains, Mr. Walker informs him, were water-worn particles of the heavier minerals of the river bed, such as chrome, nickel, and iron ores. It is possible that similar cases were alluded to by Hagen in the Stett. Entom. Zeitung, 1864, p. 129, from the Munich Museum, ( vu ) Mr. G. T. Porrirr exhibited specimens of an almost black form of Acronycta menyanthidis from Skipwith Common, near Selby, and stated that the same form was also common on Strensall Common, near York. For comparison he also showed specimens from the moors near Huddersfield. The chief interest in the exhibit consisted in the fact that in both the districts where the melanic menyanthidis occurred, melanism was not a common feature; whereas in the Huddersfield district, where only the pale form of menyanthidis was taken, melanism was a conspicuous feature in many species, even in, and close to, the grounds, where only pale menyanthidis could be found. Mr. H. W. Awnprews exhibited a female specimen of Amphidasys betularia, with hind-wings aborted and scarcely developed, taken at Paul’s Cray, Kent, in May 1896. Mr. H. Row.anp-Brown stated that he had seen an an- nouncement that the County Council had under consideration the feasibility of stocking the London parks with Butterflies, and encouraging those which already existed there. He said that according to the latest observations thirty-nine species of Rhopalocera were recorded within, roughly speaking, a ten mile metropolitan limit, but that of these he only knew of Pierzs rapx, P. napi, Vanessa atalanta, V. urtice, and perhaps one or two others which could strictly speaking be said to inhabit the Metropolis itself. A discussion followed on the subject in which Mr. A. J. Cuirry said that Pieris brassice had occurred in the garden of his London house,and that he regarded Vanessa polychloros as a possible addition to the list of those open to experiment, though Mr. R. McLacuian thought that it had finally ceased to be a London insect. Mr. G. H. VERRALL also advocated the introduction of tropical and other foreign species in the great conservatories of Kew, where, without danger to the plants, they would be objects of great beauty and attractiveness. He considered the experiment at any rate worth the trial. Mr. H. Goss continued the discus- sion, and Mr. F. Merririevp, while recognising the difficulties arising from soil, climate, and surroundings, expressed his belief that certain hardy species would be more than a match for their bird enemies. ( viii ) April 3rd, 1901. Mr. CHARLES GoLDING Barrett, Vice-president, in the Chair. Election of Fellows. Mr. Albert Piffard, of Felden, Boxmoor, Herts, and Mr. Percy J. Lathy, of Lyndon Villa, Sydney Road, Enfield, were elected Fellows of the Society. Address to the King. The Secretary read the following letter from the Right Honourable Charles T. Ritchie, M.P., Secretary of State for the Home Department. Home Office, Whitehall, 1st April, 1901. Sir,—I am commanded by the King to convey to you hereby His Majesty’s thanks for the Loyal and Dutiful Address of the members of the Entomological Society of London, expressing their sympathy with His Majesty and the Royal Family on the occasion of the lamented death of Her late Majesty Queen Victoria. I an, Sir, Your obedient servant, Cuas. T. RitcHIE. H. Goss, Esq., Entomological Society, 11, Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W. Exhibitions. The Rev. A. E. Eaton sent for exhibition on behalf of Mr. F. M. Halford a ? sub-imago of a species of Hphemeridzx of the genus Hphemera, received from Central Africa, without more precise indication of locality. It was stated that it was the first time this genus had been noticed from Africa. Mr. McLacutan remarked that Hphemera usually occurred in cold alpine or temperate regions, and that. the Central — African example probably inhabited the mountains at a con- siderable altitude. Dr.T. A. Carman exhibited cases of Luffia ferschaultella from Cannes, and a spider, C'yclosa conica, found on the same rocks, the interest of the specimens being in the fact that the spider when at rest has almost precisely the same form and coloration as the cases of the moth. Paper read. Mr. W. L. Distant communicated a paper entitled “Enumeration of the Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected by Signor Leonardo Fea in Burma and its vicinity.” May Ist, 1901. The Rev. Canon Fowter, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair. Exhibitions. Mr. C. G. Barrett exhibited for Mr. H. W, Vivian a specimen of Xylophasia lateritia, Hufn., a species not hitherto recorded in the British Islands, taken in South Wales by Mr. W.E, R. Allen; also Detopeta pulchella, from the same dis- trict; Dianthecia luteago, var. barrettii, from one of the islands off the Glamorganshire coast, and varieties of Hupv- thecia virgaureata, much blackened, LZ. lariciata, LH. satyrata, and £. exiguata taken in the county of Glamorgan by Mr. Vivian. Mr. M. Jacospy exhibited specimens of Heltocopris gigas, L., from Mashonaland, and Silpha biguttata, Fairm., from Patagonia. Sir GrorceE Hampson exhibited two females of an apterous Lasiocampid from the Transvaal, with cocoon and ova, bred by Colonel J. M. Fawcett, 5th Lancers. The larva is very much like that of the British Lasiocampa rubi. The female does not emerge from the cocoon, its antenne being aborted and all the joints coalesced with a flabellate organ with slight strive indicating the joints ; the fore tibie short with traces of tibial claws. ‘The male is unknown, and as Colonel Fawcett was on active service at the time of emergence, he was unable to expose the females for the purpose of attracting the males. Mr. H. Sr. J. DonistHorrs exhibited specimens of Riperisa tomlint, Newst., a coccid new to Britain, taken among Lasius PROC. ENT. SOC. LOND., Ir. 1901. B ( x ) niger at Portland in April 1900. The species, which is myr- mecophilous, was first discovered in Guernsey. Mr. C. P. Pickett exhibited aberrations and varieties of Tycxena bellargus, L. corydon, and L. astrarche taken by him in August 1900 at Folkestone and Dover. Mr. H. Goss exhibited a gynandromorphous specimen of Lycena bellargus which he had taken at Reigate in June 1900. It had the characters of a male in the right wings, and the characters of a female in the left wings, which were, however, not entirely free from the blue scales of the male. No dissec- tion had been made of the genitalia, so it was impossible to say whether the specimen was strictly hermaphrodite, Dr. Caapman exhibited a cocoon of Antherxea mylitta and a flint from Redhill—two objects with practically nothing in common. Whilst dissenting zm toto from those who see no- thing in many cases of mimicry but accidental resemblance, he presented them with this as a case undoubtedly in accordance with their views, the cocoon and the flint being remarkably alike. Professor Pou.ton exhibited an apparatus invented by him to determine the strength of the formic acid discharged by the ant in defence of its nest. Mr. Donisthorpe, he said, had noticed that a shower of formic acid had sometimes a great effect, and he thought it would be interesting to determine the quantity of anhydrous acid. In the case of Dicranura vinula the fluid, which contains forty-five per cent. of acid, was painful in the eye, but did not damage the skin or body. He considered that the acid was only virulent during the time that the larve and the pup were in the nest, and that it was used purely for defensive purposes. A discussion followed, in which Professor Hupson Beare said he had found his skin affected by Formica rufa, and Mr. DonistHoRPE that the skin had been removed from his hand and his gloves burnt in patches after being placed in the nest of the same species. Mr. F. Exock exhibited numerous specimens of Dragon-Fly Nymphs. | The PresipenT announced that the Council found them- selves unable to appoint a committee to advise the editors of the Victorian Histories upon a uniform system of entomo- logical nomenclature, as directed by a General Meeting of ( xi ) the Society. Mr. C. G. Barrett, seconded by Sir GrorcE Hampson, moved that the previous resolution to appoint be rescinded. After some further discussion, the motion was carried, two Fellows voting against it. Dr. CHapmMan desired to call attention to an oversight, for which he said he was chiefly responsible. This was the omission from the plates, or elsewhere, of any indication that the photographs reproduced on Plate X. of the Transactions for 1900 were taken by Mr. F. Noad Clark, and that those of Plate II. in the Transactions for present year were taken from the specimens by Mr. Clark and Mr. A. Cant. Papers. Mr. F. Enock read a paper entitled ‘“‘ The Metamorphoses of Aischna cyanea,” illustrated by the electric lantern with photo- graphs taken from life. Sir GrorcE Hampson, Bart., communicated a paper on “The classification of a new family of the Lepidoptera.” Mr. Martin Jacosy communicated a paper entitled “ A further contribution to the knowledge of African Phyto- phagous Coleoptera.” Mr. Gitpert J. Arrow contributed a paper entitled ‘‘ The Carabid genus Pheropsophus; notes and descriptions of new species.” June 5th, 1901. The Rev. Canon Fowter, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair. Exhibitions. Mr. G. C. Caampton exhibited a male specimen of Odontxus mobilicornis, one of the rarest of British beetles, captured at Woking on May 28th. Mr. Donisrnorre said that the same species had also been taken this year at Bournemouth by Mr, and Mrs. Jackson. ‘ Mr. R. McLacuian exhibited four specimens of a curious bug of the genus Henicocephalus received from Mr. G. V. Hudson of Wellington, New Zealand ; he thought the genus, ( mi ) although of very wide distribution, had not previously been noticed in that country. Mr. Campion said that Henico- cephalus was generally recognized as a type in itself of a family, and Mr. KirKapy observed that it was much com- moner than was generally supposed. It was probably only an aberrant form of the Redwiidxe having no stridulating apparatus on the prosternum. Mr. C. P. Pickett exhibited a series of Smerinthus tiliz, bred during May 1900-1, including one male specimen having the right upper wing banded,:the left wing with the two ordinary spots ; a banded female ; a male with only one spot ; and a richly-coloured female. Mr. C. G. Barretr exhibited imagines, cocoons, pupa skins, and also water-colour sketches of larve, reared and drawn by Miss Frances Barrett, at Buntingville, Pondoland, S. Africa, including Hesperia keitloa, Leucaloa eugraphica, LIiparis pulverea, Lenodora montana, Trabele ochroleuca, Chilena prompta, Braura ligniclusa, Hutricha pithyocampa, Dulichia fasciata, Porela sobria, khanidophora phedonia, Sphingomorpha chlorea (monteironis). Dr. A. Jerreris TURNER exhibited specimens of Australian wood-boring Lepidoptera belonging to four different families. They included—Pyralidze ; Doddiana xyloryctis, Turn. Gele- chide ; Cryptophasa flavolineata, Walk., and C. hemipsila, Turn. Maroga mythica, Meyr., VW. setiotricha, Meyr., Uzucha borealis, Turn. Cossidx ; Dudgeona actinias, Turn., Xyleutes pulchra, Roths., X. macleayet, X.nephocosma, Turn. Hepialide ; Charagia mirabilis, Roths., C. ramsayi, Seott., and C. cyano- chlora, Lower. Mr. H. Goss exhibited for Mr. Ernest Ardron of Colombo, Ceylon, two specimens of a species of Phylliwm (Phasmidz). They bore an extraordinary resemblance to leaves. He also showed three varieties of the male of Melitxa cinxia, which he had taken on the 27th and 28th of May at Niton, Isle of Wight. One of these was a remarkable and beautiful variety, especially on the underside. , Mr. C. O. WaterHouse exhibited two new genera and species of Coleoptera recently described by him in the Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. from Rio Janeiro. One belonged to the aberrant Prisnide (Pathocerus Wagneri); the other (Zetra- phalerus Wagneri) belonged to the Cupeside, and was remark- able for the form of its head. He also exhibited 6 and ? specimens of the curious Scarabxid, Glyphoderes sterquilinus» Westw., from North Argentina. Mr. H. St. J. DonistHorrs exhibited a glove burnt by dis- charges of formic acid from the nests of Formica rufa. In connection with the apparatus exhibited at the last meeting to determine the strength of this acid, Professor Pouuton said that the discharges collected in the tubes fluctuated greatly in strength, the strongest yielding a proportion of sixty to seventy per cent. of anhydrous acid, a drop of which placed by Mr. Holroyd on the back of his hand left a distinct scar some days after the application. The discharge of Dicranura vinula, he added, showed a strength of about forty- five per cent., and Mr. F. Merrirrerp remarked that in breeding the larve the acid liberated by this species left a yellow stain on the leno making it rotten. Papers. Mr. W. ScHavus communicated a paper entitled ‘(A Revision of the American Notodontide.” Mr. H. Sr. J. DonistHorre read a paper on “Cases of protective resemblance, mimicry, etc., in British Coleoptera.” Professor Poutton said that the facts were admitted in the lepidoptera, and it was interesting to see how far they were borne out in the coleoptera. The Cerrdx mimicked other distasteful coleoptera, e.g. the Cantharide ; the Lamidiz of Borneo were mimicked by other coleoptera, and on the whole it would be found that the parallelism of facts between lepidoptera and coleoptera was far greater than was anticipated. The Rev. Canon Fow er, Sir GrEorcE Hampson, Mr. G. C. CHampion, and Mr. R. Trimen continued the discussion. October 2nd, 1901. The Rev. Canon W. W. Fowtsr, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair. Exhibitions. Mr. G. C. Campion exhibited a long series of Buprestis PROC. ENT. SOC. LOND., Iv. 1901. Cc ( my } sanguinea, Fabr., from Albarracin, Spain, showing the remark- able sexual dimorphism of this species. Mr. H. St. J. DonistHorpr exhibited on behalf of the Rev. H. 8. Gorham of Shirley Warren, a specimen of the scarce beetle Hister marginatus. Mr. CHampion remarked that the species had been taken by Mr. Harwocd of Colchester. He also exhibited a number of rare coleoptera from the New Forest—(a) Velleius dilatatus, F., twelve speci- mens, ten from one hornets’ nest in August, and the other two from two other nests, caught in specially constructed traps, the largest d¢ reaching the abnormal size of 32 m.m.: (6) Anthaxia nitidula, L., twelve specimens taken in July, one being of bluish colour: (c) Agrilus sinuatus, OL., one of several which escaped—a beetle not taken for many years: (d) Agrilus viridis, L., a series from sallows in August: (e) Platydema violaceum, F., five specimens—a species also not recorded recently: (/) Colydiuwm elongatum, F., one specimen taken in the burrows of Melasis buprestoides, and another in the burrows of WScolytus intricatus. Mr. CHAMPION said that Platydema had been taken twenty years ago by Harris, while Mr. George Lewis associated Velleiws with Cossus in Japan and not with hornets. Mr. C. P. Pickett exhibited a long series of varieties and aberrations of Lycena corydon taken during August 1901 at Dover, including two females with upper wings wholly blue, dwarfs no larger than LZ. minima, and others (males) with undersides devoid of spots. He also exhibited a series of Angerona prunaria (bred June and July 1901), the results of four years’ interbreeding, the coloration ranging, in the females, from. bright yellow with no bands to very dark with deep chocolate bands, and in the males from plain intense orange with no bands to deep chocolate with bands, while one male assumed the coloration of the female. Prof. 'T. Hupson Buare exhibited a specimen of Medon castaneus, Grav., taken in the water net on April 22nd, 1901, at the edge of a pond in Richmond Park, having evidently come off the long grass growing at the edge of the water. Very few observations of this beetle have been recorded, and tae.) they all seem, as in this case, to have been chance captures, its habits being unknown. Mr. A. Harrison exhibited a series of Amphidasys betularia bred from parents taken in the New Forest in 1900, including twenty males and thirty-nine females, and six gynandro- morphous specimens, out of seven bred, one being a cripple. The larve when first hatched were kept indoors, but were afterwards steered on birch when a few days old. Mr. Turr sald it was very remarkable that so many gynandromorphous specimens should have been secured from a single brood. There appeared to be a modification in the sexual organs corresponding with external variation of the secondary sexual characters. Mr. MerririeLp remarked that the proportion of gynandromorphous forms in hybrid specimens was always much larger. Mr. C. J. Gawan exhibited a male specimen of Thamnotrizon cinereus, L., one of the long-horned grasshoppers taken by Mr. F. W. Terry at Morden, near Wimbledon. He called attention to a very interesting abnormality displayed by the specimen in possessing two pairs of auditory organs instead of a single pair, the second pair being situated on the tibiz of the middle legs in a position corresponding with that of the normal pair on the fore legs. Mr. F. Merririetp exhibited a series of Orgyia antiqua bred from pup placed in a refrigerator five weeks and then exposed to a mean temperature of 48° Fahr. Specimens thus treated were much darker than types of those occurring in a natural state, some approaching in depth of colouring to O. gonostigma. He also exhibited for comparison specimens from Sutherlandshire lent by Mr. C. G. Barrett, none of them however comparable in darkness to those obtained by his experiment; and others from the collections of Mr. A. Bacot (including four of the American species) and Mr. L. B. Prout. Mr. Tort said that the limits of variation of our own form were little known, and the most northern examples, though the largest, were decidedly not the darkest. Papers. Mr. R. Soura communicated a paper entitled “ Lepidoptera- heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea, by the late Mr. (> ave ) J. H. Luecn, B.A., F.LS., F.Z.8., ete. ; with descriptions of new species by RicHarp Sours.” Mr. G. C. CHampion read a paper entitled “Sexual dimorphism in Buprestis sanguinea, Fabr., a species occurring in Spain, and new to the European list.” October 16th, 1901. Mr. Epwarp Saunpers, F.L.S., Vice-President, in the Chair. Election of an Honorary Fellow. M. J. H. Fare, of Sérignan, Vaucluse, France, was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Society. Election of a Fellow. Mr. W. Scuavs, F.Z.8., of Trentham House, Twickenham, was elected a Fellow of the Society. Exhibitions. Mr. C. Mortey exhibited for the Rev. E. N. Bloomfield leaves of hornbeam from Battle, and a photograph of leaves of sweet chestnut from Haslemere, rolled by Attelabus cwrcu- lionoides. The former were not rolled by reason of a scarcity of their usual oak, which abounds in the locality. Mr. R. Apxin exhibited a specimen of Pieris daplidice taken by him at Eastbourne on August 19th last. He said that the insect was flying strongly, and in that respect and indeed in general appearance resembled on the wing a pale female of Colias hyale. Mr. RowLanp-Brown asked if there were any records of recent date of the discovery of the larva in this country, and with Mr. A. H. Jones corroborated the swift habit of flight in the species. In the discussion upon immigrant species that followed, Mr. R. McLacuuan said that the recent appearance of Papilio machaon in various parts of the country seemed to suggest immigration on the part of a species not usually regarded as migratory. He also said that he knew of no reliable evidence of the larva of Pieris daplidice having occurred on this side of the Channel. Mr. C. P. Pickert exhibited a series of Melitxa cinxia (-(xvai }) bred in June last from larve taken in the Isle of Wight, in- cluding light and dark varieties of the @? 9, one ¢ with extra light upper wingsand one dg with the lower wings almost black. He also exhibited a series of Cherocampa elpenor bred in June last from larve taken at Broxbourne in July 1900, including a variety of the ¢ with purplish lower wings and another with purple markings on the upper wings. The Rev. F. D. Morice exhibited specimens of Hedychrum rutilans, Dhl., and Salius propinquus, Lep., taken at Lynd- hurst by Miss Ethel Chawner, and both new to the British list. He also exhibited two monstrosities, viz.—Allantus arcuatus ¢ (sawfly) having on the left side two perfect and two other rudimentary wings, and Gorytes quinquecinctus (fossor) with the abdominal segments extraordinarily twisted out of their proper shape and places. Mr. E. Saunvers said that the specimens of Saliws appeared to him identical with continental propinquus, which was not rare in the south of Europe, where it was sometimes black, and some- times red, towards the middle of the abdomen, but that he thought it could not be a variety of any British species, as we had no species with a rugose propodeum which could agree with it. Papers. Mr. Artur M. Lea communicated “ A list of the Austra- lian and Tasmanian Mordellide, with descriptions of new species.” Mr. Epwarp Meyrick contributed “ Descriptions of new Lepidoptera from New Zealand.” Mr. E. Saunpers read a paper upon “‘ Hymenoptera aculeata collected in Algeria by the Rev. A. E. Eaton, M.A., and the Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., Pt. 1, Heterogyna and Fossores to the end of Pompilide.” November 6th, 1901. The Rev. Canon W. W. Fowter, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair. ( Sa) Election of Fellows. Mr. ArtHur W. Bacort, 154 Lower Clapton Road, London, N.E., Mr. Epwarp Martin Dapp, 3 Colina Villas, Green Lanes, Wood Green, N., Mr. Greoree FReprerick LeiGu, Musgrave Road, Durban, Natal, Mr. Ruperr 8S. Lower, Oswaldton, Bartley Crescent, Wayville, South Australia, Mr. JouHn Crampron Wiixinson KersHaw, Macao, China, Mr. Henry Woouner Peat, Indian Museum, Calcutta, Mr. ErHELBERT Forpes SKERTCHLY, Hong-Kong, and Mr, ArTHUR SurrH, 5 Cavendish Street, Grimsby, were elected Fellows of the Society. Exhibitions. The Rev. F. D. Morice exhibited two imperfectly developed females of Osmia leucomelana found dead in a bramble stem at Woking with their cases. Mr. C. P. Pickett exhibited a series of Colias hyale taken at Folkestone during August 1900-1, including one ¢ dwarf, one 6 with smoky hindwings, one ¢ with the edge of the hind- wings showing a double row of serrated curves, three ¢ 6 with very deep yellow colouring and with spots in the centre of the hindwings twice the normal size, one ¢ underside with- out spots, one ¢ showing a row of black dots running parallel round the fore- and hindwings, also one 2 with the edge of the hindwings showing a double row of serrated curves, one ? with extra deep border to the forewings, and one ? with only half the usual border to the forewings. Mr. F. B. JEnnines exhibited a specimen of 7'rachyphleus myrmecophilus, Seidl., taken at Hastings in September last, retaining intact the deciduous ‘ false mandibles,” with the aid of which the imago of the species of this and certain other genera of weevils is said to work its way to the surface after emerging from the pupa underground. These mandibles are usually shed as soon as the imago begins its life above ground, as there is no further use for them. Mr. W. J. Kaye exhibited a collection of butterflies made by him in Trinidad, including several hitherto undescribed species. He said that the probable total rhopalocerous fauna was about 250 species, the island—about the size of Somersetshire—being (> ie) thus remarkably rich in butterflies. The number of species in the several families exhibited were—Vymphalidx 34, Satyridx 13, Papilionide 6, Pieride 31, Erycinide 29, Lycxnidx 27, Hespertidx 62—nearly all taken within three or four miles of Port of Spain. The series of Heliconius telchinia and Tithorea megara var. flavescens were particularly fine, showing the yellow coloration only found in Trinidad and upon the coast of Venezuela immediately opposite. A long series of Papilio xeuxis, and Papilio alyattes, many of them bred from the same 2 parent, show that these two are in reality identical species. The number of Hrycinidx in Trinidad compared with the poverty of the same family in other West Indian Islands alone indicates the different origin of its fauna, and suggests affinity with the mainland of Venezuela, which at the nearest point is but seven miles distant. Dr. CHapMAN exhibited specimens of Parnassius apollo taken last July in Castile and Aragon (Spain), as well as a number of specimens of both P. apollo and P. delius, chiefly Swiss and French, taken by himself, Mr. J. W. Tutt (in Dauphiné), Mr. A. H. Jones (at Digne), and Mr. H. Rowland-Brown (at Susa, N. Italy), for comparison with the Spanish specimens and to illustrate the extent to which the races of these species approached each other in Western Kurope. He noted that the Spanish specimens differed from most of the others in their great size, some ¢s reaching 33 inches in expanse, and ?s 3£ inches. The ¢s agree with apollo in the only point of distinction between that species and deliws that makes some pretensions to absolute constancy, viz. the coloration of the shaft of the antenne. With deliws they agree in a certain amount of creamy tinting and apparent density of the white scales, which in nearly all races of apollo are white and with a ccrtain suggestion of transparency. They agree also with delius in the small amount of the dark (and semi-transparent) marginal coloration of the wings, the hindwings being as free from such markings as the most typical delius. They agree also with deliws in the comparative smallness of the black marks both of fore- and hindwings, and in the tendency of these to display red nuclei. Both males and females seem to be exceedingly close to the Asiatic form of apollo, called ( xx) hesebolus, in general facies at any rate. These ds placed between ordinary Swiss apollo and delius, obviously incline much more to the latter than the former in general tone of colour and intensity of markings. The females are very large, and vary to forms with much increased red ocelli. The pale- ness of the red ocelli in many specimens, especially of the males, is due to their not being in the freshest condition. Several specimens were observed with yellow or orange ocelli, but these were all in such poor condition that they were con- sidered faded and bleached specimens rather than the well- known variety with orange ocelli. It is probable however that some of these may originally have been orange really. Continuing, Dr. CHapman said:—‘ The specimens of apollo and delius are all labelled with localities, and I need not go over them individually. It may be observed that I do not present aberrations but specimens to illustrate the races occurring at different localities. Delius is apparently never a large species, but apollo is often as small as delius. The point that is perhaps most interesting is the great approach of some delius to the ordinary form of apollo in the character and extent of the black markings. ) and shrews. ‘This species is also recorded as feeding on large moths and beetles. 80 Tawny Owls (Syrneium aluco, L.). 1, earth-worms ; 2, small birds ; 1, rabbit ; 1, caterpillars; 1, beetles; 1,a weasel ; 4, empty ; 69, mice and shrews. Lord Lilford speaking of this bird says:—‘“‘I cannot acquit the brown owl of an occasional bit of poaching, but I am convinced that such occurrences are exceptional, and, in defence of a very favourite bird, may refer my readers to the result of an examination of 210 pellets, composed of the indigestible portions of food thrown up by birds of this species, quoted in Yarrell’s ‘ British Birds, fourth edition, p. 148. In the pellets the remains of 6 rats, 42 mice, 296 voles, 33 shrews, 48 moles, 18 small birds, 48 beetles, besides (sic) a countless number of cockchafers, were discovered.” 16 Barn Owls (Strix flammea, L.). All mice. Occasionally this species feeds on beetles. 14 Short-eared Owls (Asio accipitrinus, Pall.). 1, bird ; 18, mice. This species also varies its diet with beetles ; this is probably the case, to a greater or less degree, with the whole of the Strigide. I have received a very interesting communication with regard to the subject from Mr. R. Newstead ; he has worked systematically, and his observations are most valuable, as he is able, being a Coleopterist, to give a list of the families of the beetles found in the numerical order of their occurrence: he says that broadly speaking most insectivorous, and numbers of other birds eat beetles, and that he has chiefly found them in the stomachs of birds belonging to the following families or sub-families :—Turdine (Thrushes-and Blackbirds, Redstarts,* Robins, etc.) ; Cinclide (Dippers) ; Sylviine (Warblers) ; Paride (Tits); Sittide (Nuthatches) ; Certhiide (Tree Creepers) ; Motacillide (Wagtails); Laniide (Shrikes); Muscicapide (Flycatchers) ; Hirundinide (Swallows) ; Cypselidee (Swifts) ; Sturnide (Starlings); Corvidee (Crows and Rooks); Capri- mulgide (Goatsuckers) ; Picarie (Woodpeckers) ; Cuculide (Cuckoos), and also occasionally members of other Orders. * Mr. W. Holland of the Oxford University Museum has kindly sent me a note to the effect that he examined the crop of a Black Redstart and found it full of small Staphylinide. ( ta) The beetles chiefly found in the stomachs of the birds, putting them in the order of frequency of occurrence, were as follows :— 1. Otiorrhynchide, Curculionide and Scolytidx (chiefly larve of the latter): remains of the two first of these families occurred in 90 per cent. of all insect-eating birds. 2. Scarabeeide, chiefly Aphodius and Geotrupes. 3. Elateride. Larvie (wireworms) and imagines, chiefly the latter. 4. Geodephaga. The genus Carabus and its allies. 5. Longicornia of the genus Rhagium. 6. Halticide. Phyllotreta, Thyamis, ete. The Coccinellide as a rule appear to be much disliked, but are occasionally eaten. Mr. Newstead has a few records of their occurrence in the stomachs of Hirundinide, and his father in 1891 published in the “ Entomologist” (xxiv, p. 122) a very interesting account of their being eaten by the Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus, L.): this gull is fond of large moths which it catches in summer on the wing, and Mr. Newstead, having noticed a number of these birds hawking for insects like swallows over the tops of some trees, shot one which, on its fall, voided thirty or forty specimens of a Coccinella: on the same page Mr. McArthur records the occurrence of elytra of Coccinellidz in the stomachs of cuckoos: these birds seem to be as abnormal in their food as in their habits, for they are, apparently, fond of nauseous larvee such as those of Abraxas grossulariata, which, as far as we know, are most distasteful to other birds. Mr. Newstead also records (“ Entomologist,” xxiv, p. 100) the discovery by himself of four fresh specimens of a Coccinellid (Hippodamia mutabilis) in a specimen of the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Picus major, L.) ; the stomach of this bird was filled with half-digested larvee of Rhagium bifasciatum, thus proving that the insects were not eaten from stress of hunger ; and quite recently Mr. Tutt in the December number of the “ Entomologists’ Record” (p, 355) records the fact that a number of starlings were shot some time ago by the same observer, and that their crops were full of Wysia oblongoguttata. I have gone into this question at some length, as there is a PROC. ENT. SOC. LOND., v. 1901. E (xe 4 general idea that the Coccinellide are scarcely ever touched : it may be considered as proved that they are very distasteful, but at times they are certainly eaten by birds with relish, and not through want of other food. Batrachians seem to object to them. Professor Poulton tells me that he has seen a tree frog go for a Coccinellid and then retire in disgust, and I believe that many others have had much the same experience. The beetles that appear to be almost universally rejected are the Lampyride and their allies, the Lycidz, Telephoride, etc. The Telephoride, as is well known, are among our most abundant insects in summer, and the air is often full of them on sunny days, and yet Mr. Newstead failed to discover the remains of a single specimen in all the birds that he examined : and Mr. Belt (“ Naturalist in Nicaragua,” p. 317) states that in his experience the Lampyride and their allies were universally — rejected by monkeys and fowls. As we might expect, they are one of the most widely-mimicked groups of the Coleoptera. The subject of the food of the North American birds has, I believe, been largely taken up by the American Board of Agriculture, but I have not been able to consult the records, nor would there be time now to discuss them: with regard to tropical birds comparatively few observations have been published. Dr. Alfred Russel Wallace, however, informs me that he is sure that many tropical birds eat beetles, especially the larger Cuckoos, the Drongos (Hdolius, etc.), and some of the Hawks and Buzzards, in whose crops or stomachs he has often found elytra or part of them. Experiments with birds in captivity are not, perhaps, quite satisfactory, but Mr. Donisthorpe has sent me a few valuable observations with regard to Clythra quadripunctata, Gonioctena (Phytodecta) rujipes, etc., and species of Lina, which were emphatically rejected by several birds both British and foreign in the Zoological Gardens. All the species, however, were eaten by a Racket-tailed Drongo, which readily devoured even dead specimens of Lina (Melasoma xnea.). Certain observations have been made in the case of frogs, toads, and lizards, and it seems plain that the Reptilia and Batrachians feed more or less on beetles. I have myself found the remains of a large Pterostichus (I believe it was P. madidus) in the stomach of a ( 2h ) toad: the presence of so large a beetle is of itself a proof of the rapid poisonous action of the secretions of the stomach, as otherwise so large an insect would probably in its struggles have caused considerable laceration. It is probable that several of the smaller mammalia, such as mice, hedgehogs, etc., account for a large number of Coleo- ptera, but there seems to be little or no evidence as to species which are tasteful or distasteful to these animals, It is of course well known, that hedgehogs are very partial to Blattidee. We might discuss this part of our subject at much greater length, but enough has been said to prove that whatever may be the case with the Lepidoptera, the Coleoptera are beset by innumerable enemies, and therefore any modification of form or colour or habits, which may enable them to escape from their attacks, must be most useful for the protection and continuance of the race; in the case of the beetles, at any rate, there is a strong case for Protective Resemblance and Protective Mimicry. Starting then from this point we may say that the Coleo- ptera are protected in the following ways :— 1. By a very hard integument. 2. By the assimilation of colour or form to environment (Protective Resemblance). 3. By adopting colours which are in strong contrast to environment (Warning Colours). 4, By cryptic or concealing attitudes, 5. By warning attitudes. 6. By warning sounds. 7. By the secretion of distasteful juices or odorous substances. 8. By resemblance to unpleasant substances, such as the droppings of birds. 9. By resemblance to well-protected insects other than Coleoptera, such as ants, bees and wasps, and also by imitating other genera and species of the same Order which are plainly distasteful (Batesian Mimicry). 10. By a general resemblance throughout a large series of species belonging to the same or different genera, families and ( xliv) orders, in a simple scheme of aposematic or warning coloration (Miillerian Mimicry). 1. Beetles as a rule are protected by their integument, but in some species the outer covering is quite soft, and in some it is much harder than in others and is a very evident pro- tection: this is specially the case with several of the large sombre-coloured South African Curculionide. I have made experiments with dry and hollow specimens of a comparatively small species of Brachycerus, or an allied genus, and found that when laid upon a board with another board above they would bear a weight of more than a quarter of a ewt. without giving or breaking : on a carpet or on turf they would bear much more : many of these beetles offer almost as much resistance to a pin as a walnut-shell, and they would be quite safe from the attacks of ordinary birds; in this connection it is worth noticing that Lord Avebury in his work on ‘‘ Ants, Bees, and Wasps” (p. 16), speaking of the ant Myrmecina Latreillii, says that “‘ their skin is very hard, and they roll themselves into a ball, not defending themselves even if their nest is invaded : to prevent which they make the entrances small, and often station at each a worker, who uses her head to stop the way ”: it has been surmised that the enormous and very hard head of the large workers of the Leaf-cutting Ant Mcodoma cephalotes has some protective meaning for the individual and for the nest in general. Several of the ants-nest beetles, especially those belonging to the Histeride, appear to be protected by their hard covering and smooth surface from any attacks on the part of the ants they live with. 2. We need not discuss at length the question of the assimil- ation of colour to environment, as we find it running through the whole animal kingdom: it is however especially marked in large numbers of Coleoptera, especially in those that live on or about wood and bark. Several Carabide (e. g. Webria complanata) and many of the Cicindelide afford excellent instances of protective resemblance, but it is among the Longicornia and the Rhynchophora that we find the best instances: whole groups of these closely resemble the bark of the trees on which they live, or the ( aly -) ground on which they rest. We need only mention such genera as Batocera, Saperda, and Lamia among the Longi- corns, and Brachycerus and Lithinuws among the weevils ; the species of the latter genus, LZ. superciliosus, L. penicillatus, and L. nigrocristatus (all from Madagascar) are usually con- sidered to be typical instances of resemblance to surroundings : the last-named species so closely resembles the lichen-covered twigs on which it lives that it can hardly be detected by an unpractised eye, even when its position is pointed out, and another Madagascar genus Rhytidophleus is almost as well concealed: we find almost the same facies in the Longicorn genera Desmophora, from South America, and Onychocerus also closely resembles lichen ; but perhaps the closest resem- blance to this is afforded by the members of the Homopterous genus Flatoides: the bodies of these are concealed by the tegmina, which are formed as in Cassida, but the upper surface is so marked and moulded that the insects exactly resemble a piece of lichen, or lichen growing round bark: several members of the Elaterid genera Jphis and Alaus are so coloured as to resemble bark, and the same to a less degree might be said of members of other groups. Conspicuous colouring, moreover, is not necessarily aposematic or “ warn- ing”: it may be pre-eminently cryptic when seen in its proper surroundings: in the case of the sombrely-coloured genus Prosopocera from East Africa we find among the dull brownish species a conspicuous insect, P. alboplagiata, which is probably well protected in its natural environment, and the same is true of certain species of Coptops. In 1851 Francis Galton wrote as follows :*—‘‘ No more conspicuous animal can well be conceived, according to common idea, than the zebra: but on a bright starlight night the breathing of one may be heard close by you, and yet you will be positively unable to see the animal. If the black stripes were more numerous he would be seen as a black mass: if the white, as a white one: but their proportion is such as exactly to match the pale tint which arid ground possesses when seen by moonlight’”’: in connection with this statement, it is worth mentioning that there is a * Galton’s ‘“‘South Africa” (Minerva Library), p. 187 : quoted by Poulton, ‘“The Colours of Animals,” p. 25, (sea gy considerable amount of zebra-like colouring among the Longi- corns and perhaps certain Rhynchophora: the black and white stripes may be arranged longitudinally as in Ornithia, Platy- arthron, Teniotes and many species of Dorcadion, or horizon- tally or in more or less confluent rows of spots as in Z'mesisternus, Stenygra, Colobothea and others. In the present state of our knowledge we cannot draw the line between protective resem- blance and warning coloration in these cases ; even a conspicuous species like Belt’s Longicorn Deliathis nivea may be,and probably is, well protected by its surroundings. One of the best instances of obvious protective resemblance among the Coleoptera, how- ever, appears to be found in the large and handsome Longicorn Petrognathus gigas from India : not only does its upper surface closely resemble dead velvety moss, but its antenne are exactly like dry wood tendrils : XYylorrhiza venosa is almost as striking an example : this portion of our subject is almost inexhaustible, but we cannot pursue it further. With regard to cryptic forms we need only mention the resemblance of certain beetles to seeds, knobs of bark, bunches of lichen, etc.: there are many instances of these and some have before been alluded to: the occurrence of protective forms is much more prevalent among the Homoptera: the members of the large genus Umbonia, for instance, so closely resemble the thorns of the plants on the stems on which they sit that it is impossible to distinguish them without close examination. 3. There is no time to say much upon the subject of warning colours, but we shall speak of them again under the heading of Miillerian Mimicry: we find them well pro- nounced in the case of the Coccinellide and Telephoride which are known to be distasteful: it has even been suggested that the light of the glowworm is to a certain extent warning, but there seems to be no confirmation of this: we may however say broadly that, when we see an insect coloured in strong contrast to its natural surroundings, it is either distasteful or a mimic of a distasteful species. 4, Under cryptic attitudes we may include the curious. method in which certain Staphylinide contort their bodies into a small space and remain motionless, and also the habit of simply drawing in their legs and suddenly dropping and ( xlvn ) lying quite still as if dead, which we find among a con- siderable number of groups (Byrrhidx, Curculionide, etc.). Such insects are often doubly protected: they escape both by feigning death and also by their close resemblance to their surroundings after they have fallen. I have come across the very local and usually rare minute weevil, Ceuthorrhynchidius dawsont in numbers in the Isle of Wight, on Plantago coronopus, and found it impossible to discover them after they had dropped, until thinking the danger over, they began to bestir themselves, The common beetle Broscus cephalotes is said to feign death, but I am inclined to place its curious habit under the next heading. 5. We do not appear to find among the Coleoptera many definite instances of what I have usually considered to be warning or scare attitudes proper, such as we find in the Hickory Horned caterpillar of America, or in the Frilled Lizard of Australia: the red pouches at the sides of the Melyrid genus MJalachius, which it extends when disturbed, may how- ever be classed with the frilled or raised crests or extended glands of these animals. Ocypus olens certainly looks very formidable with tail cocked up, white glands exserted and wide-open jaws, but I have been inclined to regard this as merely a fighting attitude such as we find in Yormica rufa when disturbed. Professor Poulton has however rightly pointed out to me that all such attitudes are warning if the enemy is experienced, but denote readiness for battle if it is inexperienced, and that they therefore are correctly included under warning attitudes: we find an analogy to these in the display and noise and beating of spears against shields with which the armies of barbarous nations or savages advance to battle, and of which we read from the times of Xenophon to the present day: they are meant to be partly terrifying and partly a display of strength, but in every case to be more or less deceptive and strategic: the fighting attitude of the male swan when disturbed, the raising of the bristles and the display of teeth of the dog when he sees an enemy, are in part warning attitudes, and we find innumerable instances throughout the animal kingdom. Lord Avebury (‘“ Ants, Bees, and Wasps,” Intern, Scientific Series, p. 16) speaks of the little ( xiv 3) ant Crematogaster sordidula, specimens of which he watched while feeding on some drops of honey which the much larger Formica cinerea desired to share: the moment one approached, however, the little Crematogasters simply threatened them with the tip of their abdomen, and the fear of the poison to follow caused the Formicas to immediately beat a hasty retreat. Some hornets recently kept by Professor Poulton have been observed by him to warn in the most marked manner with their abdomen and sting when disturbed: the same habit has been noticed in the case of certain wasps, and is probably common throughout the Aculeate Hymenoptera. I am strongly of opinion that the warning attitudes of snakes and stinging insects, and also the hissings and rattlings of the former and the angry hummings of the latter are in a great measure meant to avoid an unnecessary expenditure of power: the secretion of poison is a considerable drain on the system, and if the object in view can be obtained without its actual use, so much the better for the constitution and for the economy of the creature in question. Since I wrote the foregoing an interesting article by Mr. Donisthorpe has appeared in the “ Entomologist’s Record” (vol. xiii, No. 12, p. 347), “On some experiments with Myrmecophilous Coleoptera”: in describing the behaviour of Dinarda Maerkeli he says: “ When the species meets an ant it stands still and raises the abdomen over the body, and if the ant tries to attack it (which they often do), it pokes the end of the body into the ant’s face. The ant starts back and the beetle resumes its career.” This is the invariable defence of the beetle: it belongs to what Father Wasmann calls ‘ the hostile persecuted lodgers,” and they, of course, all require protection. The other beetles which were observed to adopt the same means of defence were: Wotothecta flavipes, Thiasophila angulata, Myrmedonia humeralis, funesta and lugens, Astilbus canaliculatus and Quedius brevis. It is pro- bable that the very curious attitude of Encephalus complicans may be an analogous case. 6. We have just alluded to warning sounds: the angry note of a bee about to sting is quite different from its ordinary hum, and I have a strong impression from an experience I Maat AS. kh Ore (
  • MinternBros.Chromo. Central African Rhopalocera. Trans Ent. Soe.Lond.190/.PUIV., Horace Knight delet lith. MinternBros.Chromo Astatheme. Trans. Ent Soc Lond.1901 PIV. ae 7 E.C Kamght del. etlith . 22 West, Newman chromo LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA FROM TRINIDAD. Trans. Ent. Soe Lond. 190] PLVI " 9 E.C Knight. del.et lith, West,Newman chremo LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA FROM TRINIDAD. ALS LSINGHA MUS. WA Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. 190] Pl. Vit. ~ no West,Newman lith. ¢@ CHARACTERS IN 0SMIA ( ADUNCA-GROUP.) _ frans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1901 P!. Vill. “Wast Newman lith. d CHARACTERS IN OSMIA ( ADUNCA - GROUP.) Trans. Ent P Soc : Lond. 1907. PL. ag Horace Knight del. et hth» Mintern Bros Chromo New Species of Pheropsophus. Trans, £int, Soe Lond. 190/ PX. 10 Horacelmight del.ec lith West, Newman chromo Pr CAN PAY LOP a AGOUS COLBOPTERA AGOUS \ OEBOP bet i ae ae Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1901. Pl. X] Knight, del André & Sleigh, Limited American Notodontide. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.190/ Pl XI] t, del André & Sleigh,Limited. American Notodontide Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. 1901. PU XI. - , Da : Horace Knight de] .etlth.. Mintern Bros Chromo Buprestis sanguinea, Fabr., S&? and its food plant. “e —— : — t ' - { a Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. 1901 Pl XIV. , de} André & Sleigh, Ltd Bushey. Chinese Pyralidee. Trans: Emt ooc Lond 1901 PL XV del André & Sleigh Ltd Bushey Chinese Pyralide I | Trans Ert. Soe. Lond .1901. Pu_XVI » : 4s. Mantern Bros.Chromo, Horace Kmght del.et hth: | New aeanes of Rhynchota. | is ay THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF a f 232 ©. wasincian. . % S201 Seca. et LONDON FOR THE YEAR DIOL: PART. 1. WITH FOUR PLATES. (APRIL 30, 1901.) ' LONDON : PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, BREAD STREET HILL, E.C. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN AND CoO,, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. Price. hs.| TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 1834—1900. 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Bae aee 019 0 014 38 v; ae TORE ihauas sve sautenee 1 16-6 1 gy Bee *s ry TESS). tecddgimetons 110 0 in 2.6 nf mr 0 FE eRe Rip AS 1 a fey BAAS 5 A 1 tT Tepper Sakae es eS eS i.ss@ id yet ay Ps PBB Uae... assem 168 019 6 ss ; HRS oe ws ies See ages 1 eo 019 6 ie af BES Bol eco assent 1 4 6 019 0 a re ee Be ies, Er ener 1. 1 OG Se ‘a ie LBBOS srcnh Sutcni hn deees 1. 16°46 (eh ve _ PSOO Le eer nee. tae 1:19 9 ao WG of < ASOT ON ee oe 1-16 8 1. 70 ie fe 1ROR eG Re 19 0 4) Oya rs ws SOR. one Cea: hk Oe O 19.55 a ih HOS career ah 110 6 1.201 4 i PROG eke Le cakes sea as: Toe ig ‘5 fi SOG io tee Man 1.10'°0 1) 2% Br 5 TRO Te Wee yaaa 1 ay 018 0 i iS Tey ma RS ae 1-86 ae ee | i cs PRS s oN acne: 110 0 1 3% bMS Aa eter 120540 De aa Any single volume from 1862 to 1877 half. -price to Fellows. First Series, vol. v., is out of print. First Series, vols. ii—iv., and Second Series, vol. iv., cannot be sold separately. The other volumes may be obtained separately, also the following :— Pascoe's.* Longicomein, Malayan’... cc. sts.t-gebrecn van cua £2 F250 £119 @ Baly’s ‘Phytophaga Malayana, Pt. 1., Apostasicera’......... 016 0 012 0 Saunders’ ‘ British Heterogyna and Fossorial Hymenoptera 2 OY 4. 6 GS ‘ Synopsis of British Hymenoptera,’ Part I. ...... 02 6).0 0 4 6 N ewport’ s ‘ Athalia centifoliw’ (Prize Essay).................. Ol oeG ee The JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS is bound up with the TRANSACTIONS. THE PROPOSED General Catalogue of the Insects of the P British asles, ; PUBLISHED BY THE E NroMOLaeiead SOCIETY OF SuRDoR d a ————— 8. 2.) eae 1. NEUROPTERA, by K: MoLAcniAan, PoRoS23 18702. 2-24. arse 1 0 9 1. HYMENOPTERA (Aculeata), by F. Smira; 1871 ............... 1 46 0 9 i. HYMENOPTERA (Chrysidide, Ichneumonide, Braconide, and Evaniide), by the Rev. T. A. MArsHALL, M.A., F.E.S.; LS MA icine Coste mee Wie atts quis Sut et NCAaW ge rot Nara men ear 2g 1 Iv. HYMENOPTERA (Oxyura), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, Ma AW RB LB i8) vt Aree ohtaeeeacc eye bontnds 2 etdeh Re AREER 1:0 0 v. HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera and Homoptera, Cicadaria and Phytophthires), by J. W. Doucias and J. Scorr; 1876...... LQ 0 2 Oy cP: ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Founded, 1833. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1901-1902. THE REv. CANON Fow LER, M.A., F.L.S., President. CHARLES GOLDING BARRETT. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. GEORGE HENRY VERRALL. Vice-Presidents. RosertT McLacuiay, F.R.S., F.L.S., Treasurer. HERBERT Goss, F.1L.S., F.G.S. Henry Row.anp-Brown, M.A. } Secretaries. GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., Librarian. Robert ADKIN. H. Sr. J. K. DonistHorpPE, F.Z.S. Pror. T. Hupson Beare, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. | CHaries JosEPH GAHAN, M.A. WituiaM Lucas DIsranr. Rosert WYLIE Luoyp. CoLBRAN J. WAINWRIGHT. W. R. HAL, Resident Librarian. Fellows who have paid their Subscriptions for the current year are, without further payment, entitled to receive the Transactions and Proceedings for the year, which will be forwarded post free. The Library is open to Fellows and their friends every day from ONE to Six o’clock p.m. (and until TEN p.m. on Meeting nights), except on Saturdays, when the Library closes at THREE o’clock. N.B.—The Supplementary Catalogue of the Library is now jjready, price 4s. 6d. to the Public and 8s. to the Fellows of the jjSociety. A certain number of copies are bound up with the 1893 1|/Catalogue, and the two together issued at 10s. to the Publie and \|7s. to Fellows. The 1893 Catalogue is still sold separately, price 9s. 4ito the Public, to the Fellows of the Society, 6s. NOTICE TO AUTHORS, ete. Authors of papers which are intended to be communicated to the Society, are requested to be good enough to send their names and the full titles of their papers to the | Secretaries at least fowrtcen days prior to the date of the Meeting at which it is proposed that such papers shall be read ; and such communications may be addressed | to the Secretaries at the Society’s Rooms, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W., | or to HERBERT Goss, The Avenue, Surbiton Hill, Surrey. CONTENTS OF PART LI. PAGE I. Observations on some species of Orina, a genus of viviparous and ovo- viviparous Beetles. By GrorcE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., and THoMAS ALGERNON aera M.D., F.Z.S. Reported by Dr. THoMAS ALGERNON CHAPMAN . Fey: ae ‘ 1 II. An Account of a Collection of Rhopalocera made at Zomba in British Central Africas By Prrcy I. Latuy. Communicated by CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. Pa Ri eu sae 19 III. A Revision of Astathes, Newn., and allied Genera of Longicorn Coleoptera. By CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. ‘am a 37 IV. Butterflies of the Lebanon. By Mary De 1a BeEcueE NIcHOLL, F.E.S., with a Preface and Notes by Henry JoHN ELwss, F.R.S., F.L.S., ETc. es oy Pet oa, = 75 Y. Enumeration of the Heteroptera (Rhynchota) collected by Sicnor LEONARDO FEA in Burma and its vicinity. By W. L. Distant 99 Proceedings ... * oe Ss sl a Me: a NOTICE. All persons exhibiting specimens at Meetings of the Society are requested to be good enough to hand to the Secretary, at the Meeting, a note in writing of the generic and specific names of all specimens exhibited, together with the names of the localities in which such specimens were obtained, and any remarks thereon which the exhibitors have to make. In the absence of such a note in writing the Secretary will not be responsible for any errors in connexion with his report of such ex- hibitions, or for the entire omission of any reference thereto in the Proceedings. By ORDER OF THE COUNCIL. MEETINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 11 CHanpos Srreet, CAVENDISH Square, W. FOR THE Session 1901-1902. Wednesday, May 1 i June 5 a. October 2 > > 16 i November 6 99 9? 20 ats December 4 1902. os January (ANNUAL MEETING) _... is re) b= The Chair will be taken at E1cur o’clock in the evening precisely. TRANSACTIONS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON FOR THE YEAR QOL. PAR L,I; WITH FOUR PLATES. (JuLY 10, 1901.) LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, BREAD STREET HILL, E.C. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN AND CQ,, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. [Price 5s. 6d. ] i a ee ve i N TRANSACTIONS QF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 1834—1900. The Transactions can now be obtained by Fellows at the following reduced prices :— PUBLIC. FELLOWS. First Series, 4 volumes (1834—1849)................... Price £413 0 £3610 <0 Second Series, 5 volumes (1850—1861)............... 8°°0 es 515-8 Third Series, 5 volumes (1862—1869) ............... 12). Oo 410 0 The Transactions for the year 1868 ........, ........ iy, OF as M5 an BB Oe: csthedan abate tae ] cs ss 1870 bey A BBQ 33 SS AGUS a, waits hie ( ee 5 1872 tyes ae 33 . TO GSS ste bento eed 16.8 ts aA EO a 8) ee ah 1 12H AN 3 Rc ps Deeb ty OF 5 Pe 153.0 3:/:0y 8 i ys TS TG: teat cen nee LA e f LTCC ht ASS Sree oc Saheb 1 4.0 3 09 OTS cinemas asics nae eae 1 Oe 0.15>.0 me . DBT Obsden cece aeee ene 12° 8 016 6 me a PSS 5. wkcsee wh eoaea 019 0 014 8 x ao BOE. aawe-t pccme ode 1 1629 i ae a8 Me RSS 2) pet es tag ee ese 110-4 Ez 4 a a TL SOas Sierra 1 =F oe. eS 2 rh Mane eneey eS 1 80 a ee He a LSGH: wiaiaaents 16-o8 019 6 HA ; TB AG ih cake eek scases 1-670 019 6 ne oy WEG I es eine waxwaett 1.496 019 0 n . SG locnt cg dine «keke 5 Ya i}. 6.8 a sf etch ia Mi aN Genco Be 1° 1658 tug 4 “ Hct!) REN Ra a hie aya Yars L318 78 1 10-56 ps ie jE} 0 Ries Qo nse OB 1.16*0 \ ee 53 as BOD sma aunh y eich 15.88 De hae ci iH 608 noes 15 6 019 3 +5 = BSGA i credeet ann memes 110-6 1 243 iy i NGOS) Pac aewaniaanent yee 1.14 53 “4 TOOG) oc. estpenasnsay 110 0 L 208 = i 1897 cee 018 0 es se MOOS ee aos Soe Meher 13.6 2 as a “7 LESS AG ear Ss ye 8 ia 1; 2 SA UA le BOR: re HPD HE a 110 0 1. Zee Any single volume from 1862 to 1877 half-price to Fellows. First Series, vol. v., is out of print. First Series, vols. iimiv., and Second Series, vol. iv., cannot be sold separately. The other volumes may be obtained separately, also the following :— Paseoe’s * Longicornia Malayand”. ... 20. jis. carn tne setasunedes £212 0 £1 19 Baly’s ‘Phytophaga Malayana, Pt. 1., Apostasicera’......... 016 0 0 12 Saunders’ ‘ British Heterogy yna and Fossorial Hymenoptera * 0 0 3 ‘ Synopsis of British Hymenoptera,’ Part I. ...... 0 6>0 0 4 Newport’s ‘ Athalia centifolixw’ (Prize Essay).............00006 GO >4.4 O->k The JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS is bound up with the TRANSACTIONS. THE PROPOSED General Catalogue of the Jnsects of the P British Isles, PUBLISHED BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Soh 8." Ge 22 1. NEUROPTERA, by R. McLacuian, F.R.S. ; 1870 .........c..000 ee 0 1. HYMENOPTERA (Aculeata), by F. SmirH; 1871 ............... 1 oh 0 11. HYMENOPTERA (Chrysidide, Ichneumonide, Braconide, en Evaniide), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, M.A., F.E.S. ; NOT 2) ee h cs cae dauag its ses age seme Gan ee eae GA otc Aetna espace n eee 2 te 1 Iv. HYMENOPTERA (Oxyura), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, NEAT BE Gok VST Oty c.caotlacdens Reeser caus tenga Meer eno Le 0 v. HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera and Homoptera, Cicadaria and Phytophthires), by J. W. Doucuas and J. Scorr; 1876..... 1 9 0 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Founded, 1883. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1901-1902, THE REV. CANON Fow er, M.A., F.L.S., President. CHARLES GOLDING BARRETT. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. Vice-Presidents. GEORGE HENRY VERRALL. Ropert McLACHLAN, F.R.S., F.L.S., Treasurer. HERBERT Goss, F.L.S., F.G.S. Henry Rowianp-Browy, M.A. } Bees GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., Librarian. Horack St. J. DoNISTHORPE, F.Z.S. CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. RoBerRT WYLIE LLoyp. CoLBRAN J. WAINWRIGHT. RoBERT ADKIN. Pror. T. Hupson BEARE, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. WILLIAM Lucas DISTANT. W. R. HA, Resident Librarian. Fellows who have paid their Subscriptions for the current year are, without further payment, entitled to receive the Transactions and Proceedings for the year, which will be forwarded post free. _ The Library is open to Fellows and their friends every day from ONE to Six o'clock p.m. (and until TEN p.m. on Meeting nights), except on Saturdays, when the Library closes at THREE o’clock. N.B.—The Supplementary Catalogue of the Library is now ready, price 4s. 6d. to the Public and 8s. to the Fellows of the Society. A certain number of copies are bound up with the 1893 Catalogue, and the two together issued at 10s. to the Public and 7s. to Fellows. The 1893 Catalogue is still sold separately, price 9s. to the Publie, to the Fellows of the Society, 6s. NOTICE TO AUTHORS, ete. Authors of papers which are intended to be communicated to the Society, are requested to be good enough to send their names and the full titles of their papers to the Secretaries at least fourteen days prior to the date of the Meeting at which it is proposed that such papers shall be read ; and such communications may be addressed to the Secretaries at the Society's Rooms, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W.., or to HERBERT Goss, The Avenue, Surbiton Hill, Surrey. CONTENTS OF PART IL . PAGE r\ _' VI. A preliminary catalogue of the Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. Bee pie By Wittium Jamis Kava; 8B Sie 2. 2 115 VII. Illustrations of the 6th $ ventral segment in 17 Osmia-species of the adunca-Group, with a Note on the synonymy of four species, and descriptions of four which seem new. By the Rev. FRANCIS David Moricr, M.A., F.ES. ... a gu set & 161 VIII. List of the Cetoniidex collected by Messrs. H. E. ANDREWES and J. R. D. BELL in the Bombay Presidency of India, with descriptions of the new species. By OLIvER E. Janson, F.E.S. ... on 179 IX. A Classification of a new Family of the Lepidoptera. By Sir GroRGE Francois Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., etc. ... ss aoe 187 Proceedings ... a hy ae a, i" oft is XE NOTICE. All persons exhibiting specimens at Meetings of the Society are requested to be good enough to hand to the Secretary, at the Meeting, a note in writing of the generic and specific names of all specimens exhibited, together with the names of the localities in which such specimens were obtained, and any remarks thereon which] the exhibitors have to make. In the absence of such a note in writing the Secretary will not be responsible for any errors in connexion with his report of such ex- hibitions, or for the entire omission of any reference thereto in the Proceedings. By ORDER OF THE COUNCIL. MEETINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 11 CHanpos STREET, CAVENDISH SQuaRE, W. FOR THE Session 1901-1902. Wednesday, October pe oe ais as a 2 A November... < Meee ee o = vs Bi ee be a Er December eh se RED eet oakstb ie 1902. on January (ANNUAL MEETING) ... “F ee The Chair will be taken at Ercut o’clock in the evening precisely. THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE OLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR THE YEAR ibe (OH PART III. WITH FOUR PLATES. (SEPTEMBER 30, 1901.) LONDON : PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, BREAD STREET HILL, E.C. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN AND CQ, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. [Price 10s. | capa sdk iia TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 1834—1900. The Transactions can now be obtained by Fellows at the following reduced prices :— PUBLIC. FELLOWS. First Series, 4 volumes (1834—1849).................. Price £4 13 0 Ss S000 Second Series, 5 volumes (1850—1861)............... 8. 0) 90 5415. 0 Third Series, 5 volumes (1862—1869) ............... 12 08 410 0 The Transactions for the year 1868 ..... et ale 1, Op 35 AH 1869) 2.2 l. Aza } Me - ESTO eet nent 1 Sa eye a is DOE Wasson anaes uoreet 1S. ( Me ss 1872 Lae a Be POTS ee tC ckin sehen L 36:40 +s es ie Ra meee Sole ih 112 0 ‘n iG Sd Ds asiiack Oe tit oan we 1 P28 a a 2 DGG Joa aiat ea 1 ae aie Me * RSE ode Shee Lb 2g <3 we [bode guest ak ere SRS i Ose 0.15; 0% Ry Mf TS LO) Nar adaeton seen eue ly 28 D466 ne a ABS oie are beeen 019.0 014 34 uF 7 Le | eget te Se anne L168 | Meee i a i PGE 0 ERS UCase 1 2 se 1. 26 i vd MOBS obataihch cas ee tat PATS we a's oe a OB As ere cata 18 ee VG Ke as MONAT Dias eeu ye cia pale 1) 6-9 019 6 | - ; Nic) Mie ae arco OR AR aN 1 6,90 019 69 os as {Vey dp eae taie AA 1s 2 019 0 Pe oh Eien. NeLvcote reed 1 ae 1.6 \om : “i Pee oh ha aN de 116 6 1 7 @a _ ie OU ures aces ekee owe 1-19 0 1°10. .0m iM Bs POUT ACE mee 116 0 17 oO me A 1892 5 Rt Bsa) 1 1.98 we 3 Nis SoS Oa cea Ok LNG 0195 $5 a EO eros Sea aster sree 1 106 1 2. . ie MOG) Lone eee tee ees 1 ay Ds 1 Lt. oe Ls 5 PO BO cetera 110 0 1 2 om mi 1897 gee a 018 0” ies ie MU | sedate at Se 1 OT 1-1 4 ie is TROD era iee i we 110.8 1 2 Ge POO OH tcp i cates L280." 1 2 6a Any single volume from 1862 to 1877 half. -price to Fellows. First Series, vol. v., is out of print. First Series, vols. i.—iv., and Second Series, vol. iv., cannot be sold separately. The other volumes may be obtained separately, also the following :— ~ Pascoe’s * Longicarma Malayeana: ss Aw oye aces iene £2 12° 9 £1. 19 Baly’s ‘Phytophaga Malayana, Pt. I., Apostasicera’......... 016 0 0 12 Saunders’ ‘ British Heterogyna and Fossorial Hymenoptera’ 0 4 6 0 38 _. * Synopsis of British Hymenoptera,’ Part I. ...... i I 0.4 Newport’ s.‘ Athalia.centifoliw’ (Prize Essay).........s....000. Ore 0 8 The JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS is bound up with the TRANSACTIONS. THE PROPOSED General Catalogue of the Insects of the Pritish Jsles. PUBLISHED BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. wap eiie SA aes $s 1, NEUROPTERA, by BR McLACHLAN, PUR Bl 1670 ne. lacie 10 0 i, HYMENOPTERA (Aculeata), by Fo Sarre 187 cee Lies 0 11. HYMENOPTERA (Chrysidide, Ichneumonide, Braconide, and Evaniide), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, M.A., F.E.S. ; No 6 RU oan UME OR emt CMa Mae Tor ase de AN Ned CaN eal eels aga 1 Iv. HYMENOPTERA (Oxyura), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, Mio Asn RS.) PERS sols NCR see ea ere Rg Nur em e atag se 0 v. HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera and Homoptera, Cicadaria and a Phytophthires), by J. W. DouGcuas and J. Scorr ; 1876....., Lg 0 of ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Founded, 1833. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1901-1902. THE REy. CANoN Fow ter, M.A., F.L.S., President. CHARLES GOLDING BARRETT. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. Vice-Presidents. Grorcre HENRY VERRALL. RoBerT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., F.L.S., Treasurer. HERBERT Goss, F.L.S., F.G.S. ecretaries. HENRY Row1ianpD-Brown, M.A. } (ee GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.8., Librarian. Rospert ADKIN. Pror. T. Hupson BrEArg, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. WILLIAM Lucas DISTANT. Horack St. J. DoNISTHORPE, F.Z.S CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. Ropert WyY.ie Luoyp. CoLBRAN J. WAINWRIGHT. W. R. HAL, Resident Librarian. Fellows who have paid their Subscriptions for the current year are, without further payment, entitled to receive the Transactions and Proceedings for the year, which will be forwarded post free. The Library is open to Fellows and their friends every day from ONE to Six o’clock p.m. (and until TEN p.m. on Meeting nights), except on Saturdays, when the Library closes at THREE o’clock. N.B.—The Supplementary Catalogue of the Library is now ready, price 4s. 6d. to the Public and 8s. to the Fellows of the Society. A certain number of copies are bound up with the 1893 Catalogue, and the two together issued at 10s. to the Publie and 7s. to Fellows. The 1893 Catalogue is still sold separately, price 9s. to the Public, to the Fellows of the Society, 6s. NOLICE TO AUTHORS, ete. | Authors of papers which are intended to be communicated to the Society, are | requested to be good enough to send their names and the full titles of their papers to the } Secretaries at least fowrteen days prior to the date of the Meeting at which i is | proposed that such papers shall be read ; and such communications may be addressed | to the Secretarics at the Society’s Rooms, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W., | or to HerBert Goss, The Avenue, Surbiton Hill, Surrey. CONTENTS OF PART III. PAGE X. The Carabid genus Pheropsophus: Notes and descriptions of new species. By GiLBerT J. ArRow, F.E.S. con - a 193 XI. A further contribution to our knowledge of African ae Coleoptera. By Marrin Jacosy, F.E.S. see 209 XII. Arevision of the American Notodontidx. By WILLIAM Scuavs, F.Z.S. 257 XIII. Cases of Protective Resemblance, Mimicry, etc., in the British Coleoptera. By Horace St. Joun K. DonisrHorps, F.Z.S. 345 NOTICE. All persons exhibiting specimens at Meetings of the Society are requested to be good enough to hand to the Secretary, at the Meeting, a note in writing of the generic and specific names of all specimens exhibited, together with the names of the localities in which such specimens were obtained, and any remarks thereon which the exhibitors have to make. In the absence of such a note in writing the Secretary will not be responsible for any errors in connexion with his report of such ex- hibitions, or for the entire omission of any reference thereto in the Proceedings. By OrnDER OF THE COUNCIL. MEETINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 11 CHanpos STREET, CAVENDISH Square, W. FOR THE Sesston 1901-1902. Wednesday, October he sa ne ae Seuen 2 i A is if He a sie 6 me November ie od =: “oe ‘ges . Ks Ee ae ne ay ae ee he December bs sh. oe bt ogee 1902. Ps January (ANNUAL MEETING) .... ah vee dee The Chair will be taken at E1egur o’clock in the evening preci | TRANSACTIONS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LONDON FOR THE YEAR 1901. PART IV. WITH FOUR PLATES. (DECEMBER 30, 1901.) LONDON : PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, BREAD STREET HILL, E.C. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN AND CoO,, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. [Price 118.] — ee a eee e+ TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 1834—1901. The Transactions can now be obtained by Fellows at the following reduced prices :— | PUBLIC. FELLOWS. — First Series, 4 volumes (1834—1849).............. 02. Price £413 0- £310 O@ Second Series, 5 volumes (1850—1861)............... 8 0 0 6 154 Third Series, 5 volumes (1862—1869) ............... 1i 0.0 410 0. The Transactions for the year 1868 ........, ........ i. 0.28 > 2 bss: pales Wye weet, 12 0} Fn ee 1870 bP «a 2 5 0 a as LEFT sescsse aad? 1 Sed ( Ss - TBS Diet ee oa I 1s200 - * LST ici on teen ove 116 0 a 7 LOS: Weer eewa es 1 12°98 nt ‘A UG it pee ee Once S ; ee | 3 0 0 a 5 LST ax. sete ce 112 0 + aS LSPS: oer ee hk. 44 $s te ABTS) Sica e ees 1 Oo 015 0 bs ty TETD Kicodvonhanttaees 1 2a 016 6 Pe Mi LOBOS kao eaves 019 O 014 3 f e DBR as chic. oae- a wae 116° 4 i 7 a oa “ Co). Sie Saas VRS oe $8 110 0 1 2.6m = “ USGO. ax Sed sieae o 1°. ge 1 0 8 ‘i a 1 SBS oye te Set 1, 228 11s “A “2 MOG rs cone ee Lee 019 6% sts “ ERBGS Pec, niece eeate i ea0 019 Ga a3 a BRAS acu smac fers 1 4 6 019 0 ¥ + DOGS Wasik. owes P15. 48 1 6 oe oe “ TROR iss coeuredeeuses 1 16 36 1 ee ue a BOSONS. 3 asc0 adacnntee 119 0 110 0 “ ‘5 1891 116 0 1 ie ee 3 | ai epee Spe 1 9 @ 1- le Fr 2 1 U1 CAR ee a ted 1° 526 019 8 ” ag cK UMS ie A UA 110 6 1 Bee x os DOOG 2 i. Soy tae bee gs Oe fone 1 ia = e LBS Siete aaa 110 0 1 2a a “ BE aes ECE eee 0 ae 1 4 0 018 0 i Ss A BOG dics cviines Can tna tee 1. (S58 1 is * %, AO e sy z20%s aoecy ieee hee 110 0 1 2 Pe © Y900s kcal auton eee 110 0 1 2 GF js a 1901); Part scccs Owe 05 3 . eS HOOT Past Alcs oe 0 Fa6 0433 fs s 1901: Part Abe cas: 010 0 0 73 1901, Part L¥ e225 O-11°.9 0 8 wf Any single volume from 1862 to 1877 half-price to Fellows. First Series, vol. v., is out of print. First Series, vols. ii—iv., and Second Series, vol. iv., cannot be sold separately. The other volumes may be obtained separately, also the following :— Pascoe's ‘ Longicornia, Malayan’... ......2.cceccssasccsescenscens £212 0 £1 19% Baly’s ‘Phytophaga Malayana, Pt. I., Apostasicera’......... 016 0 012 Saunders’ ‘ British Heterogyna and Fossorial Hymenoptera * I! 4578 0 3 ‘ Synopsis of British Hymenoptera,’ Part I. ...... 0. G8 0 4 | Newport’ s ‘ Athalia centifoliz’ (Prize Essay)..............0005 0) caw 0 The JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS is bound up with the TRANSACTIONS. THE PROPOSED General Catalogue of the Insects of the British Gsles. PUBLISHED BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. —__—___» ‘§s. d@. Se 1. NEUROPTERA, by R. McLacutan, F.R.S. ; 1870 ...........006 ‘1_0 30 u. HYMENOPTERA (Aculeata), by F. SmiTu ; cry, arama 16 0 9 it. HYMENOPTERA (Chrysidide, Ichneumonide, Braconide, and Evaniide), by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, M.A., F.E.S. ; A DSF R sence h ake ok seadccee vedas kot as saunie ae Sr een aa eeras Aan Rance Iv. HYMENOPTERA Boo god) by the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, M.A. PWS ES TET oie or eae oes acee te eRe RE siey cess cee v. HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera and Homoptera, Cicadaria and ¢ Phytophthires), by J. W. Douauas and J. Scort ; 1876... 1 0 0 $ ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Founded, 1833. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1901-1902. THE REV. CANON Fow.er, M.A., F.L.S., President. CHARLES GOLDING BARRETT. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. GroRGE HENRY VERRALL. Vice-Presidents. RoBERT McLAcuHtiay, F.R.S., F.L.S8., Treasurer. HERBERT Goss, F.L.S., F.G.S. Hznry Row.Lanp-Browy, M.A. } ects GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., Librarian. RoBERT ADKIN. Pror. T. Hupson BEArg, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. WILLIAM Lucas DISTANT. Horack St. J. DonIsTHoRPE, F.Z.S. CHARLES JOSEPH GAHAN, M.A. RoBERT WYLIE LLOYD. CoLBRAN J. WAINWRIGHT. W. R. HAL, Resident Librarian. Fellows who have paid their Subscriptions for the current year are, without further payment, entitled to receive the Transactions and Proceedings for the year, which will be forwarded post free. The Library is open to Fellows and their friends every day from ONE to S1x o’clock p.m. (and until TEN p.m. on Meeting nights), except on Saturdays, when the Library closes at THREE o’clock. N.B.—The Supplementary Catalogue of the Library is now ready, price 4s. 6d. to the Public and 8s. to the Fellows of the Society. A certain number of copies are bound up with the 1893 Catalogue, and the two together issued at 10s. to the Publie and 7s. to Fellows. The 1893 Catalogue is still sold separately, price 9s. to the Public, to the Fellows of the Society, 6s. NOTICE TO AUTHORS, ete. Authors of papers which are intended to be communicated to the Society, are requested to be good enough to send their names and the full titles of their papers to the Secretaries at least fowrteen days prior to the date of the Meeting at which tt is proposed that such papers shall be read ; and such communications may be addressed to the Secretaries at the Society’s Rooms, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W., or to HERBERT Goss, The Avenue, Surbiton Hill, Surrey. 4 CONTENTS OF PART IV. PAGE XIV. Sexual dimorphism in Buprestis sanguinea, Fabr., a species occurring in Spain, and new to the European list. By GEORGE CHARLES. | Cuampion, F.Z.S. ... exe ne Wh ae se ¥f 379 XV. Lepidoptera Heterocera from China, Japan, and Corea, By the late JoHN Henry Leecu, B.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S., ete. Part V. With descriptions of new species by RicHARD Sours, F.E.S. 385 XVI. Hymenoptera aculeata, collected in Algeria by the Rev. ALFRED EpwIn Eaton, M.A., F.E.S., and the Rev. Francois DAviIp Morice, M.A., F.E.S. Part I. Heterogyna and Fossores to the end of Pompilide BY EDWARD ial F.L.S., Wei dierc cs : 4 se ay ey 515 XVII. Descriptions of New iano from New Zealand. By Epwarp Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.8., ete. ... or ioe Wee a 565 XVIII. Contributions to a apie: of the ae ee si WILLIAM L. DIsTANT... ae 7 581 XIX. The genus Hyliota, of the ieee family ee with descriptions of new forms and a List of the described species. . By GitBert J. Arrow, F.E.S. ... bets a ae ok 593 Proceedings eee eee eee eee eee eee see xili-xxiv 3 . NOTICE. ‘All persons exhibiting specimens at Meetings of the Society are requested to bel] i} 4 good enough to hand to the Secretary, at the Meeting, a note in writing of the} generic and specific names of all specimens exhibited, together with the names of the}} localities in which such specimens were obtained, and any remarks thereon which |] 1] the exhibitors have to make. In the absence of such a note in writing the Secretary |] | will not be responsible for any errors in connexion with his report of such ex- hibitions, or for the entire omission of any reference thereto in the Proceedings. By ORDER OF THE COUNCIL, 1 TI i MEETINGS OF THE . 3 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 11 CHaANDos STREET, CavENDISH Squarz, W. : FOR THE | Session 1902. Wednesday, January (ANNUAL MEETING) _... a ste The Chair will be taken at Eicur o'clock in the evening pré THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR THE YEAR 1901. PART V. (FEBRUARY 22, 1902.) LONDON : PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY RICHARD CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, BREAD STREET HILL, E.C. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY’S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W., AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN AND Co0O.,, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.; AND NEW YORK. [Price 2s. 6d. | TRANSACTIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON 1834—1901. The Transactions can now be obtained by Fellows at the following reduced prices :— PUBLIC, FELLOWS. First Series, 4 volumes (1834—1849).................. Price £413 0 £3 10 0 Second Series, 5 volumes (1850—1861)............... 8° O.-® 615. <0 Third Series, 5 volumes (1862—1869) ............... 1 8 410 0 The Transactions for the year 1868 ........, ........ 1.08 36 e. ae LSGD ccicat se ccee jie pee } 3 a icf eee Phre emne: F bod 2 5 0 s or UB TE. Botesecatnd acne ea ee of a8 ee 1872 23, 2 53 a TST Pactra tenet 1.416 2 ws 5 LSPA iniskaetaene tse } 120 oA 4 LOTS ae ch ore oe Tr. 0 2. 0°78 : i LORG os et coe 112 0 3 + LSE. Re ae igh pate 1.440 3 - tC cc Moremi Cemiet eRe 1 0 0 0.150 re 7 TBS Oi hods idee cea 17 ee 016 6 “ és LSS Opt sea cae 0.19" -o 014 3 3 oes ora h Ma ee is aac LAG a L-7 <0 a8 or BO adr acas cain Ea 1.10...9 i eee: ; - 1 Yass AMS te Saar e ay eee! a 2 ‘. 1884 1 8 0 i ae zs a USRA TAY osname cement 1 60 019° 6S ze : ih) tinetnentieg ct 1 GAR 019 6 oe VES fea scrmttons sansebens 1 ee a 019 0 - TBE pa itaasanance ke pe ee Te 5 eS TSO cs aigee sche an ons 116 6 Lf ie 3 5 1 Ries aa ea CS 1 1940 110 O- § 93 Di Ana, 8s tect fatees 1-16) 20 cel de 3a RS AOD Se unpiaek tees 1 oe i ee Mk. Me LOBOS tie sates 1. 25358 019 3% % vy sles eo, \ Sameera 110-6 1 2 Dee : ~ TOO 5i0.5. base hasag Fe te 1 1.2 5 59 TSOB Se vac; ssatecsance 4-100 1-2 6 vs RS 1897 1° 4-0 0°18 0 s + LSS erica need Bs wea Lose tae 1 1 a ce = 1 ESN ESR eee 110 0 12: rr TOOG BSS eectecaees 1. 10:9 aha is ee 1901 | Part! os Te” gee 0 57cm % 1901, Part II......... . 0 5 6 0° 4 a8 < “ DS0T Part AL caccs 010 O 0 “ ee 1901, Part IV. ...... rps a 6 3.2 1901, Part V......... 0 2 6 0 1.395 Any single volume from 1862 to 1877 half-price to Fellows. First Series, vol. v., is out of print. First Series, vols. i.—iv., and Second. — Series, vol. iv., cannot-be sold separately. ‘The other volumes may be obtained separately, also the following :— Pascoe's ‘Longicornia Malayana’ 0 5., -Jececccseseavecoscssteoese £2 -12-. 0 £11 Baly’s ‘Phytophaga Malayana, Pt. 1., Apostasicera’.... ,... 016 0 ae Saunders’ ‘ British ‘Heterogyna and Fossorial Hymenoptera pak (eee oe 0 ‘ Synopsis of British Hymenoptera,’ Part I. ...... 0 6:0 0 Newport’s f Athalia centifolizx’ (Prize Hissay)......-.ca.-seres 0: . Ab 0 ; The JOURNAL OF ProcrEDINGs is bound up with the Teancenee —+ THE PROPOSED General Catalogue of the Ynsects of the ¥ British Isles. PUBLISHED BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDOX. ———— s. a. S. 1. NEUROPTERA, by R. McLacutian, F.RB.S. ; 1870 ........5...05. 1 05 uu, HYMENOPTERA (Aculeata), by H. Sminas (i871 .c3...-2-.e a9 sae 0 iI. HYMENOPTERA (Chrysidide#, Ichneumonide, Braconidae, and he By the Rev. = A. MARSHALL, M. A., Hea LOT Diesels ciyae mils vag Fs Vase aa Te aaah On Pc nee he eareeah bee 2 0-8 Iv. HYMENOPTERA (Oxyura), ., the Rev. T. A. MARSHALL, M: A. BES .4 DSS) bios a item tent et ie Senate ere eee 1 0 Vv. HEMIPTERA (Heteroptera and Homoptera, Cicadaria and Phytophthires), by J. W. Doucuas and J. Scorr; 1876..... 1s 0 — EE —E——————aeeoerrrrr'orrr ——————————EEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEe=EeEeeeee ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Founded, 1833. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1885. OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1902-1903. THE Rev. Canon Fowrer, M.A., F. L.S., President. FREpErick DuCane Gopman, D.C.L.,-F.R.S. Pror. Epwarp B. PoutTon, M.A., D.Se., F.R.S. Vice-Presidents. Dr. Davin Suarp, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S. ROBERT McLacutay, F. R.S., F.L.S., Treasurer. Hersert Goss, F.L.S.,.F.G.S. ; sae Henry Row.anp-Brown, M.A. } Secretaries. GroRGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., Librarian. Roserr ApKIn, Witiram Lucas Disranr, - Pror. T. Hupson Beare, B.Sc., F.R.S.E. THE Rey. Francis D. Moricr, M.A. ARTHUR JoHN Cutty, M.A. EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L,S. COLONEL CHARLES SWINHOE, M.A., F.LS: FAS. W. R. Hat, Resident Librarian, Fellows. who have ‘paid their Subscri further payment, entitled to receive the which will be forwarded post free. ptions for’ the current year are, without Transactions and Proceedings for the year, The Library is open to Fellows and their friends every day from OnE to Srx o’clock p.m. (and until. Tan p-m. on Meeting nights), except on Saturdays, when the Library closes at THREE o’clock. mae - re: te j _ N.B.—The Supplementary Catalogue of the Library is now ready, price 4s. 6d. to the Public and 8s. to-the Fellows of the Society. A certain number of copies are bound: up with the 1893 Catalogue, and the two together issued at 10s. to the Publie and 7s. to Fellows. The 1893 Catalogue is still sold separately, price Qs. to the Public, to the Fellows of the Society, 6s. NOTICE TO AUTH ORS, ete. Authors of papers which are intended to be communicated to the Society, are requested to be good enough to send their names and the full titles of their papers to the Secretaries at least fourteen days prior to the date of the Meeting at which it is proposed that such papers shall be read 3 and such communications may be addressed to the Secretaries at the Society's Rooms, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, W., or to HERBERT Goss, The Avenue, Surbiton Hill, Surrey. CONTENTS OF PART YV. PAGE List of Officers and Council oe Sas — ta we v _ List of Memoirs ws wa 7 ies os ee vii Explanation of Plates... a = ee aa ae viii | Errata oe ‘Ss fie és + iv viii List of Fellows .. we 7 Lf pee “5 ix Additions to the Library _ es na is bs ie xxiii 1 Proceedings . ie i mi age XXV | Annual Meeting and Balance Sheet. sic cH sas es XxViil President’s Address ck as oa wt ee xxxili Index .. ee te &. ad ‘ei vit lxi NOTICE. All persons exhibiting specimens at Meetings of the Society are requested to be good enough to hand to the Secretary, at the Meeting, a note in writing of the generic and specific names of all specimens exhibited, together with the names of the localities in which such specimens were obtained, and any remarks thereon which the exhibitors have to make. In the absence of such a note in writing the Secretary will not be responsible for any errors in connexion with his report of such ex- hibitions, or for the entire omission of any reference thereto in the Proceedings. — By ORDER OF THE COUNCIL. MEETINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 11 CHanpos Srreet, CavENDIsH SquareE, W. FOR THE Session 1902—1903, Wednesday, February 5 if March 5 9 ” : 19 a April a mi aes a3 . 16 5 May ... Sk és mA inn vb 7 +s June ... en ‘5 a iss oan 4 ey October is sts sxe te 1 3%? 9? 15 e November 5 ” ” 19 se December 3 1903. January (ANNUAL MEETING) ... 21 The Chair will be taken at Ercur o’clock in the ring irate The Library is open daily from Onz to Srx o’clock p.m. (except on Saturdays, when it is closed at THREE p.m.), and until TEN p.m. on Meeting nights. Fellows are reminded that the Subscription for 1901 was|| — due on the Ist January. They will save much trouble] by forwarding it to the Treasurer promptly. oes i a ee eet x, se Sa te ; ; EP Pat AS oe a 3 - uN whe : . %S . PPh gn - PansP a ot “ehh es eh ee: are rt ae gh nt ye ee coal Sedegil yp eat sr me on