3ENEAL0GY
942.4501
5H84T
1891

M.&.

REYNOLDS HISTORI^
GENEALOGY COLLECTION

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ALLEN COUNTY PUBUC L|BRAB|

3 1833 00855 1746

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GENEALOGY
942.4501
SH84T
1891

TRANSACTIONS

OV TUE

SHROPSlIJRtl ARGU/EOLOGIGAL

NATURAL IIISTOIIY SOCII'^TY.

ESTAnLisinci) 1S77.

A r. 1. Uia II TS 11 ISS E 11 V E D

2nd S E Tl T I] S ,
V 0 1. . III., 1 8 9 L

I' u I N J' i: 1) K I) II T II |.; s o c I i; t v

s II i; K w s i; II i; v :

A I) N 1 'r i A N iJ N A II N 'I' o N , T II K b (^ U A Ji E .

O S W !■; ,S T i; V : ■ .

W *' <> l> A 1, I,. iM 1 N N II A I, I. A N I) (J (> .

WOODALL, MINSK ALL, AND CO.,

PRINTERS, ETC.,

O S W E a 1' R Y AND WREXHAM.

1912431

SHROPSHIRE ARCHiEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL PIISTORY SOCIETY.

Page.

CONTENTS of 2nd Series, Vol. III.

Titterstone Camp and others. By the late H. H. Lines. With

Introduction and Notes by \Villiam Phillips, F. L.S. ... 1

The Will of Wulfgate of Donnington. By W. H. Duiqnan 3G

Bailiffs' Accounts of Shrewsbury, from May, 1275, to April,
1277 ; Building of the Great Hall, a certain House, (fee.
■Transcribed and edited by the Rev. C. H. Drink-
water, M.A ... ... ... ... 41

Papers relating to the Trained Soldiers of Shropshire in the

reign of Queen Elizabeth. By William Phillips, F.L.S. 93

Ancient Deeds of St. Chad's Church, Shrewsbury. With

Notes by William Phillips, F.L.S. ... ... ... 147

Some Account of tiio Family of Forester, of Watling Street,
and now of Willcy, in the County oi Salop. By tlio
Hon. and ilcv. Canon C T. (). BinuGiEMAN, M.A. ... 151

Gift of the Church of Hanmer to Haghmond Abbey, A.D.

1166-77. By the late Rev. Canon Lee, M.A 185

Some Leaves from the Records of the Court of Quarter
Sessions for the County of Salop. By Sir Offley
Wakeman, Bart 209

The Borough of Ruyton. By R. Ll. Kenvon ... ... 237

Tense I'.s ; An Historical Investigation into the Status and
Privileges of Ntm gildatcd Tradesmen in Fngiish Towns.
I'y. V. AiDAN HiUBEUT, B.A. ... ... ... ... 253

IC^"'-'

> T

Shrewsbury Tax Roll of 1352. Transcribed and edited by

the Rev. C. H. Drinkwatkr, M.A 265

Grant of a Garden in Murivance, Shrewsbury, by John Hoord,
Esq., in A.D. US I. Transcribed and edited by the
Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A 275

Selattyn: A History of the Parish. By the Hon. Mrs.

BULKELEY-OWEN .. 281

A Letter from the Earl of Northampton to the Bailiffs of
Shrewsbury, A.D. 1624. With Note by William
PniLLiPS, F.L.S 312

Notes on Shropshire Birds. By Wm. E. Beckwith.,. ... 318

History of Shrewsbury Hundred or Liberties. By the late
Rev. John Buickdale Blakeway, M.A. Edited by the
Rev. W. G. DiMocK Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A.

Crowmeole and Goosehill ... .. ... 329

Edgebold 340

Grinsill 343

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Titterstoue Camp (No. 1)

Norton Camp (No. 2)

Coxwall Kuowl Camp, Haflield Camp, Nordy

Bank Camp, and Brandon (No. 8) ...
Gaer Ditches, or Caer Caradoc (No. 4) ...

Chesterton Walls (No. 5)

A perspective view of the Guild Hall, Slirewsbury,

1774

The Old Guild Hall of Shrewsbury

A Sketch Map showing the l.-slaud of Cotton and

the environs of Shrewsbury

Seal of St. Cliad's, Shrewsbury, 1330

The Old Court House, Kuyton-\i-Towus

.Seal ul" Eynou, ti> (;h;irtci-, 12J J r)0

to face p

ige

13

»>

19

22
23

24

41

41

47
147

237
291

SHROPSHIRE ARCHiEOLOGlOAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.

ANNUAL MEETING.

Thu annual meeting of tlie uieuibera of this Society was held ou
Saturday afternoon, January 17th, 1891, at the Guildhall, Shrews-
bury. Mr. R. Lloyd-Kenyon presided, and there were also present: —
The Rev. T. Auden, Dr. Calvert, Alderman T. Southam, Mr. Wm.
Phillips, Dr. Wliitwell, Mr. A. Sparrow, Mr. G. Gritiiths, Mr. J. M.
I[ardin<r, Mr. T. M. llowells. Major Southam, Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher,
Mr. G. S. Corser, Mr. 11. J. Oldroyd, Captain Hyslop, Mr. H. W.
Adnitt, and Mr. V. Goyne, Secretary.

TUE ANNUAL REPORT.

The Skcretauy presented the Annual report, which read as follows: —

The principal work of the Society outside of tli3 preparation ami i.ssue of the

Transactions, during the year covered by this report, was the oxcavatiou of

the Crypt of old St. Chad's ; but as this formed the subject of a supjilenieutary

report, presented to the last annual meeting, and since printed, there is no

need to .speak of it a;^ain in detail. It niay, however, ha inuutioued that the

Council propose to provide aa entrance to the excavations from Princess Street

as soon as they receive the promised ponnission froai tin; parochial authorities

of St. Cliad's. During the year some corrcspoudonce took jdace between the

Council of this Society and tliat of the Society of Antiquaries of London, as to

further excavations at Uriconium. Tiie London Society declared themselves

unable at present to take up the matter, but there is aomc hope that when they

luve completed tlie exploration of the Jlomau remains at Silchuster, on which

they are now euf^aged, tiiey will be ])reparcd, with the co-operation and assint-

auce of this Society, to turn their attention te Uriconiiun. Tiio Transdclions

during the year liave contained several pai)cr8 of permuneut interest. Tlie

publication of the lilakeway MSS. has been continueil at intervals, and it is

proposed to make further transcripts at the Bodleian Library during the

coming spring. The Transactions have been further varied by including iu

them a portion of the Calendar of AVills preserved at Lichfield, relating to

Shropshire and other parts of the ancient diocese. It is unnecessary to point

out the value of this calendar to those interested in geneah)gy. In connection

with thie, it may be mentioned that during the year a second volume of

" Trauscript.s of the Uroacley Kegisters " has been issued by Mr. A. 1''. C. C.

Langley, who is a member of this Society, and oilers the work to members at

half-price. The Council have taken great interest iu the ])reservation of the

Abbey pulpit, in concert with the authorities of the parish of Holy Cross, and

correspondence with regard to it is .still going on with the directors of the

JSiirdpshirt; lliilways. The subjoined bal nice .sheet shows th.ik the liiiancial

l>OHiLiiin til the Society is steadily improving, but the (/ouncil cannot help

adding that Iho improvement would 1)0 more marked if so many members did

uot allow lheirHubs:;riptions to tail into arrears. — TuOMAS AUDKN, M.A.,F.S.A.,

Chairman.

VI

Till) SKCUEi'Aur also presented the annual balance sheet, which
showed that there was a balance due to the Treasurer of £22 5s. 4d.
but the members' subscriptions in arrears amounted to £73 10s.

The Chairman said it was his duty to move the adoption of the
report and statement of accounts, both of which seemed to him to be
very satisfactory. Before he did so, however, he would like to return
thanks to the committee of the Society for having asked him to take
the chair at that meeting. He was proud of having been so honoured,
and he was very glad to come to do anything he could for the Shrop-
shire Archaeological Society. (Applause). He was proud of the
Shropshire Archtcological Society, because he was proud of Shropshire,
and was interested in everything which concerned the county.
(Applause). He considered that archaeology, quite independent of
its intrinsic interest, materially aftcctcd their interests at the present
day. It was one side of history, and also an essential part of it.
History could not exist without a knowledge of all they included in
the one word archaeology. (Hear, hear). It had been said "Happy
is the people who have no hi.story." It was true there might not be
much in that— he did not think that there was — but he°had never
heard it said " Happy is the people who, having a history, do not
know it." Archeology was the scienco of knowing history, and there
was hardly a greater incentive to noble deeds to us in the present
day than a knowledge of noble deeds done in times past. There was
no better safeguard against mistakes at the present than a knowledge
of the mistakes which have been committed in the past. (Hear,
hear). Our ideas of beauty and justice, and our aims, hopes, and
fears in this life, were very largely fashioned by the knowledge of the
ideas which influenced our ancestors in all their successes and
failures. (Hear, hear). So he claimed for archeology that it had a
distinct tendency to elevate, guide, and ennoble our aims in life.
To turn to the Society, had this helped them, as it ought to have
done, in their knowledge of the history of their ancestors? He
thought they could not look at tlie last few numbers of their
magazine without being satisfied that it was well filled with
articles not only of interest at the momtnt, but articles which were
really the material for history. It gave them a set of repertory, in
which they could find materials upon which the future historian of
the county could work. (Hear, hear). He would like to make a
suggestion all the same. The articles were very satisfactory indeed,
but the magazine was not a record of all that was said and written in
connection with the archeology of the county, and he should like the
committee to consider whether someone could not undertake to
collect, during the year, all inij)ortant information about archeology
wliich ai)pearcd in tlio dilTereut nowspaporn of the county, most of
whicii iiad an archeologiciil coliuiin. llo woidd like to see their
Tranmcliom a real record of the progress of the archeoloiry of the
year, and the real authority (o wliich any futiu-e historian of tlio county
might turn, and that when he had oxliausted that he might feel ho
had oxhaustod practically all that had been written on archeology.

Vll

That could not be said of their magazine at present, and he
thought it would not be difficult for the editors to make a
resume of what had been written on this subject elsewhere,
either in the shape of occasional notes in the magazine or
something of that sort. He had himself written an account of the
Borough ofRuyton iov the J'mnmct ions— (loud applause) — but he did
not know whetlier it was worth while reading it there or whether he
should leave it to be printed in the ordinary oourso in the magazine.
If at the end of the ordinary business the meeting cared to hear what
he had written, he would be glad to read it to them, but in the first
place he would move the adoption of the report and statement of
accounts. (Applause),

The Rev. T. Auden said, in rising to second the resolution, he only
wished to make one remark, and that was to call attention to the
last paragraph of the report, which was to the eflect that the financial
statement proved that the position of the Society was one of progress,
but the report went on to say that the progress would be more marked
if the members of the Society did not allow their subscriptions to fall
into arrears, He hoped that paragrajjli would be noticed, not only by
those picsont, hut that it migiit be noticed by members at a distance
who were in arrears. (Heai-, hear). It had'already been mentioned
that this year there was over £70 of arrears, in two cases extending
over four or five years. He did not think this was for the want
of "dunning" on the part of the secretary. It would be seen that
they had an abundance of money to pay all their liabilities if the
arrears were all paid up. Therefore he wished through the medium
of the press to call attention to the fact that there were considerable
arrears. He wished to say a word as to the Blakeway manuscripts.
They had almost exhausted those which were transcribed nearly
twelve months ago, and arrangements would shortly bo made
for further tran.scriptions. Tlicy would be made, as bcforo, by
one who was thoroughly competent for the work, and only at the
expense to the Society of the amount paid out of pocket. He begged
to second the adoption of the report.

Alderman Southam said he should like to ask if it was known
whether any estimate had been made as to how much of the money
in arrears was really available and likely to be collected ?

The Secrstary said there was a considerable number of those in
arrears who would agree to pay after their subscriptions were about
three years in arrear, when they would make out a cheque for the
amount, but would not do so before.

Mr. Southam, after examining the book, said that it was about the
best overdue list he had ever seen. He noticed that the clergy were
very largely represented, but there was some satisfaction in luiowing
that they would raise- the whole or nearly tlic wiiole amount of arrears.
Ho considered they ought to devise some means by which they could
got il. in, us it seemed clear that tho old way was not satisfactcu-y.

The SicciJKTAiiY said that ho had actually written to some members no
loss than oightoen times on this subject. — Tho report was then adopted.

vm

Air. SpARitow Kiiid that there was one paragraph in the report \\liich
lio should like to make a rouiavk ujton, with reference to tlie excava-
tions at Wroxotcr. He was aware that the London Society of Anti-
quaries had their hands very full with the excavations at Silchester,
but the time, doubtless, would come when they would be able to tnrn
tlieir attention to Wroxetcr. He anticipated that when they did so
the result would be of far greater importance than that realized by
the excavations at Silchester. (Hear, hear). None of them knew
what might be recovered or what might be the result of a systematic
excavation at Wroxcter. So far as he knew there had never been a
thoroughly systematic excavation there. He was quite sure if the exca-
vations at Wroxeter were to be set about in earnest, and the whole
thing carried out systematically, the resnlt would be highly satisfac-
tory. (Applanse). It would not only be highly satisfactory to the
country at large, but more especially so to Shrojjshire, and he was
sure that their Society would take the greatest possible interest in
the matter. (Hear, hear.) He would be ghid to help in any way he
could. (Applause).

Alderman Southam said there was one matter mentioned in the
report in which for three or four years he had taken great interest,
namely, the venerable old pulpit in Abbey Foregate. (Hear, hear).
It had been within an inch of destruction half-a dozen times, but in
an extraordinary manner Pi'ovidence had always interposed and saved
it. (Laughter). There had been rather a determined effort to
remove it within the past few months, the Shropshire Railways
Company having pretty well n)ade up their minds that it is in
their way, and that they should remove it. The Society had
done all they could to prevent them carrying this out. Pro-
videntially the Company had found it would cost them about
jEIOO to remove the pulpit, and as they were a little hard up
for money, that counted with them at the present time. He hoped
that they would never have money enough to remove the old pulpit
— no matter how much they might have for other purposes — because
he felt thoroughly convinced that once the pulpit was removed from
its original position, the whole sentiment of the thing was gone, and
it would not be the same thing. (Hear, hear). Therefore, so long
as he was sj)ared, he should do all he could to prevent it being
i-emoved, and he hoj)ed those who ciune after him would do the same.
It WHS a matter of great importance to everyone, but more especially
to any society calling itself an Archa;ological Society. (Applause).

ELECTION OF NEW VICE-PRESIDENTS.

The Ixcv. T. AuDKN said he wished to midvC a proposition, which
he was sure would meet the npjiroval of tlioso present, and it was
that they should add to the list of their vice-presidents Mr. Lloyd-
Kenyon, who had so kindly taken the chair that day. (Api-lause).
He would like to join with him the name of another gentleman who
took considerable interest in this kind of thing, and whose name

would meet with the'approval of everyone present. He referred to
Mr. Keywood-Lonsdale. (Loud applause). He had great pleasure
iu moving that the names of these two gentlemen be added to the
vice-presidents of their Society. (Renewed applause).— Mr. Phillips
seconded the proposition, and it was carried.

The Chairman said he was much obliged to those present for
having elected iiim a vice-president of their Society. He might say
that tlie motion was entirely unauthorised, and that he had not the
slightest idea that it was hlr. Auden's intention to move any such
motion. (Laughter). Mr. Heywood-Lonsdale was in the town that
day, and no doubt if he had known of this, he would have been
delighted to be present. He was sure that Mr. Heywood-Lonsdale,
as well as himself, would be very proud to be a vice-president of
their Society. (Applause).

ELECTION OF COUNCIL, &C.

Mr. DovASTON moved the re-election of the Council. He remarked
that the members of the Council were compelled to face many
troubles and difficulties for the benefit of the Society, and he con-
sidered that the Society wers very much indebted to them for their
willingness to continue their duties. (Applause). — The proposition
was seconded]^by Alderman Soutiiam, and carried.

Mr. Sparrow proposed a vote of thanks to the auditors for their
services during the past year, and also that they be elected for the
ensuing year. — This was seconded, and carried.

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

The Chairman read a paper on "The Borough of Ruyton," which
has since been printed in tlie Society's Transactions^ 2nd Series, vol.
iii., pp. 237-252.

a vote of thanks to the chairman. — THE UOROUGH RECORDS.

Mr. SouTHAM said it would be within the recollection of some of
those present that they had appointed a committee to examine and
report as to the condition of the Records of the Borough of Shrews-
bury, which were fast sinking into a very bad state, and very soon
would have been utterly valueless. That committee had been work-
ing since its appointment, and he thought had succeeded very well,
and he would ask Mr, William Phillii)S, wlio had taken a very pro-
minent part in the matter, to give the meeting some information
regarding these records as they now stood. (Applause).

Mr. W. Phillips asked, before complying with the request of Mr.
Sontham, to be allowed to propose a vote of thanks to the chairman
for the very able pa})cr he had |)rcpared, no doubt with a great amount
of ialjuur and very great difficulty. This paper, of course, would
a])i)C'ar in the Tramactima of the society. JIo thought they should
foe! very much indebted to Mr. LI. Kcnyon for compiling so good a

paper, and favouring them by reading it that day. — Mr. Southam
seconded, and said they would all be much indebted to Mr. Konyon
for his very interesting paper.

The Chairman said that of course a paper on a purely local subject
must prove rather dull to those that did not know the neighbourhood
to which it related ; but it was only by working out the history of
difl'ercnt localities that they could do any good as an archceological
society. To work up the small details upon which an historian could
work seemed to him to be the real object of their society, and for that
reason he had offered bis humble contribution.

Mr. W. Phillips proceeded to refer to the work of the committee
appointed to inspect the records of the borough of Shrewsbury. He
said that they had been working at them for a very long period, and
they had found a very much larger task than they had anticipated.
He was very glad to say, however, that they had made very consider-
able progress, which they would be able to judge of wiien he told
them that there had been dusted, cleaned, registered, folded up care-
fully, and labelled, 2,277 rolls. (Applause.) Of course it was not
possible for them, in doing so, to give much attention to their contents
beyond learning their gencriil purport. He might mention that out
of that number there were 1,400 relating to matters connected with
the borough. He had no doubt that, when put into order, these
would be a very large resource for those interested in the history of
the borough, and even the county. ( Applause.) There were a great
many of these rolls which related to things beyond what was called the
franchise of Salop, but it was lelt to the committee to arrange these
in proper order, according to their date and so forth. The committee
found that many of these rolls, and in fact the bulk of them, were in
such a condition as to be of interest, but there were some that had
been exposed to the damp so much that tbey were indecipherable.
They could just find out their subjects by reading their headings.
They were now within a reasonable distance of terminating their
labours, and hoped at a future time to be able to report fully in the
matter. That, however, was all the information ho could give them
at present. (Applause.)

THE ABBEY PULPIT.

Mr. Griffiths said he wished to say one word as to Mr. Southam's
remarks about the Abbey Pulpit. It was a treasure that must be
csi)eciaUy dear to the inhabitants of Shrewsbury, but at the same time
he did not think there was any use in placing the new railway com-
panies in a more awkward position than they were at present. If
they were as impecunious as Mr. Southam had made them out to be
they could not expect them to be generous, and if that building was
in the way it would be for archicologists and those chiefly interested
in its preservation to find some means of removing it. He was not
(pjito sure whose property it was ; whether it belonged to tho Corpor-
ation of Shrewsbury, or tho Vicar of tho Abbey, or whether it did not
really belong to the railway company. ( Mr. Southam and others :

Xll

LIST OF MEMBERS, 1891.

Adiiitt, Mr. H. W., Belle Vue, Shrewsbury
Allen, Very Rev. Canon, Belniout, Shrewsbury
Auden, Rev. T., M.A., F.S.A., Belmont, Shrewsbury

Bradford, Right Hon. Earl of, Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire

{President), Weston Park, Shifnal
Brownlow, Right Hon. Earl, Belton, Grantham
Babington, C. C, Esq., F.S.A., F.R.S., 5, Brookside, Cambridge
Baldwyn-Childe, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., J. P., Kyre Park, Tenbury
Barker, John, Esq., Old Grammar School House, Shrewsbury
Barnes, Thos., Escj., The Quinta, Chirk
Barnes, Col. J. R., J. P., Brookside, Chirk
Barton, Rev. J. M., M.A., Hadley Vicarage, Wellington, Salop
Beacall, W., Esq., J. P., Sunficld, Shrewsbury
Benthall, E., Esq., Glantwrch, Ystalyfera, Swansea Vale
Beresford, Robert de la Poer, Esq., M.D., Oswestry
Bidlake, G., Esq., Wellington, Salo{).
Borough, J. C. Burton, Esq., B.A., D.L., J. P., Chctwynd Park,

Newport, Salop
Bridgeman, the Hon. and Rev. Canon, M.A., J. P., The Hall, Wigan
Bridgeman, the Hon. and Rev. J., M.A., J. P., Weston-under-Lyziard,

Siiifnal
Broomhall, J., J^^sq., J. P., Surbiton, Surrey
Burd, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., (!hirb>iry Vicarage, Salo[)
Burr, George, Esq., OaUlands, Shrewsbury

Bulkelcy-Owen, Rev. T. M., B.A., J. P., Tedsnioro Hall, West Feltou
Burson, Mr. W., Whitehall Street, Shrewsbury
Burton, Rev. R. Lingen, Little Aston Vicarage, Sutton Coldfield,

Birmingham

Calcott, John, Esq., Oakley Street, Shrewsbury

Calvert, E., Esq., LL.D, Kingsland, Shrewsbury

Cholmouieley, Rev. R. H., M.A., Hodnet Rectory, Market Drayton

Clark, (J. 'l\, I<]sq., F.S.A., T.dygarn, Llantrissant, Pontyclowii, R.S.O.

Clay, J. (!ccil, iCscp, Market Drayton

Cl.iytou, IU)v. Prebendary, M.A., Tlu) Kcclory, l/udlow

(Jlowcn, llov. Albert, M.A., Clco S. Margaret., nromlield, Saloj)

Cock, Alfred, E,S(|., C^.(J., 8, Kensington Park Gardens, W.

Colville, IL K., Esq., J. P., Bollaport, Market Di' lyLou

f

Xlll

Corfield, Lt.-Col. F. Chauner, Ormonde Fields, Codnor, Derby
Cofser, G. Saadford, Esq., The Crescent, Shrewsbury
Corti.ssos, C. Esq., Abbey Foreuate, Slire\vsi)iiry
Cranage, J. E., Esq., Ph.D , Wellington, Salop
Corbett, John, Esq., M.P. , Inipney, Droit wich.

Darby, Mrs., Adcoto, Shrewsbury

Donaldson- Hudson, C, Esq, J. P., Cheswardine, Market Drayton

Dovaston, Adolphus, Esq., Twyford, Sunnyside Road, Ealing,

London, W.
Dovaston, J., Esq., West Felton, Oswestry

Drink water, Rev. C. H., M.A., St. George's Vicarage, Shrewsbury
Duignan, W. H., Esq., Rushall Hall, Walsall.

Egerton, Rev. Canon, M.A., Middla Rectory, Shrewsbury
Egerton, Rev. W. H., M.A., The Rectory, Wliitclmrch, Salop
ICyton, T. Slancy, Esq., D.L, J.P., Walford Hall, Baschurch

' Foildon, Rev. 0. M., M.A., Frankton llectory, Oswestry

Flotclior, Rov. W. G. Dhnock, M.A., F.S.A., Sr. Michael's Vicarage,
Shrcwbbiu'y

Foley, P. H., Es(j., .M.A , F.S.A., Prestwood, Stourbridge, Worcester-
shire

Foljanibe, Cecil G. S , Esq., M.P., F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark

Fortey, Chas., Esq., Ludlow, Salop

Fisher, Ed., Esip, F.S. A. Scot., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot

George, A. Brooke, lilsq., Dodington, Whitchurch, Sa'op

George, Mr. E., Column Villa, Shrewsbury

Gleadowc, Rev. R. W., B.A., The Rectory, Frodesley, Salop

Gough, Miss, St. Winifred's Cottage, Shrewsbury

Gregory, G. W., Esq., Wyle Cop, Shrewsbury

Griffin, ILircourt, Esq., J. P., Pell Wall, Market Drayton

Griffiths, George, Esq., Weston, Shifnal

Guildhall Library, London, E.C. — C. AVelch, Esq.

Greensill, Frank, Esq., Marina, Douglas, Isle of Man

Harlech, Right Hon. Lord, Brogyntyu, Oswestry

Hill, Right Hon. Viscount, Hawkstone, Salop

Harding, VV. E., Est]., Kingsland, Shrewsbury

Harding, Mr. J. MilLu'd, The Square, Shrewsbury

Hawkins, Miss, St. ALiry's ('ourt, Shrewsbury

Herbert, i[on. R. C, M A., D.L., J. P., Orleton, Wellington, Salop

Hey wood Lonsdale, A. P., Esq., B.A., D.L., J.l'., Sliavington,

Market Drayton
Hignett, T. IL, Esq., St. John's Hill, Shrewsbury
Huilges, E., J'^sij., 10 igniond, Newport, Salop

XIV

How, T. M., Esq., Nearwell, Shrewsbury
Howells, T. Middleton, Esq., Ilighfield, Shrewsbury
Hughes, W. H., Esq., 65, Clarendon Road, Holland Park, W.
Hyslop, W. Campbell, Esq., Stretton House, Church Stretton

Jebb, Arthur Trevor, Esq., J. P., The Lyth, Ellesmere, Salop

Jones, Morris C, Esq., F.S.A., Hon. Sec. Powys-Land Club, Gungrog,

Welshpool
Jones, H., Esq., 1, Church Court, Clement's Lane, London, E.C.
Juson, Mrs., Monklands, Shrewsbury

Kenyon, Right Hon. Lord, Gredington, Whitchurch, Salop
Kenyon, R. Lloyd, Esq., M.A., J.P., Pradoe, West Felton, Oswestry
King, RofF, Esq., Sutton Road, Shrewsbury
Kynaston, Rev. W. C. E, MA., J. P., Hardwick, Ellesmere
Kittermaster, Rev. F. W., M.A., Bayscon Hill Vicarage, Shrewsbury
Kynnersley, T. F., Esq., Leigh ton Hall, Ironbridge, Shropshire

Langley, Alfred F., Esq., Golding, Peterston Super Ely, Cardiff
Leach, F., Esq., B.A., Higlifield, Belle Vue, Shrewsbury
Leighton, Stanley, Esiq., M.A., M.P., F.S.A., Sweeney Hall, Oswestry
Leslie, Henry, Esq., J. P., Bryntanat, Llansantffraid, R.S.O., Mont-
gomeryshire
Lewis, Mr Henry, Oswald Road, Oswestry
Lichfield, Very Rev. Dean of, D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield
Lloyd, Ven. Archdeacon, M. A., Edgmond, Newport, Salop

Mainwaring, S. Kynaston, Esq., D.L., J. P., Oteley, Ellesmere

Marshall, Wilson, Esq., Column House, Shrewsbury

More, R. Jasper, Esq., M.A., D.L., J. P., M.P., Linlt7 Hall, Bishop's

Castle
Morris, Mr. W. B., Pride Hill, Shrewsbury
Morris, S. M., Esq,, Swan Hill Court, Shrewsbury
Moss, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., The Schools, Shrewsbury
Myers, Rev. E., F.G.S., Claremont Hill, Shrewsbury

Naunton, Mr. W. W., Kingsland, Shrewsbury
Norton, Rev. F. C, Ditchling Vicarage, Sussex

Oswell, A. E. LLoyd, Esq., Cotou Hill, Shrewsbury

Owen, A. C. Humphreys, Es(i., Gxrthmyl, Moatgonieryshirc

Powis, Right Hon. Earl of, Powis Castle, AVelshi)Ool

Parry, Rev. W., D.C.L., l^'itz Rectory, Salop

Parry-Jones, J., Esq., Beechficld, Oswestry ^

Peele, E. C, Esq., Kingsland, Shrewsbury

XV

Pelham, Rev. A. T., M.A., Cound Rectory, Shrewsbury
riiillips, W., Esq., F.L.S., J. P., Canoubury, Shrewsbury
Pickering, T. E. , Esq., The Schools, Shrewsbury
Piper, E. J., Esq., Belle Vue, Shrewsbury
Poole, T. Frank, Esq., Kingsland, Shrewsbury
Potts, E. B., Esq., Broseley

Randall, Mr. J., F.G.S., Madeley

Robinson, C. B., Esq., Frankton Grange, Ellesmere

Robinson, Biooke, Esq., M.P., Barford House, Warwick

Rowland, G. J., Esq., 14, Parkdale, Wolverhampton

Rocke, Rev. T. Owen, B.A., 10, Royal Crescent, Cheltenham

Rouse-Boughton, Sir C. H., Burt., D.L., J. P., Downton Hall, Ludlow

Rouse-Boughton, Miss, Lardcn Hall, Much Wenlock

Sutherland, His Grace the Duke of, Lilleshall

Salt, G. M., Esq., Quarrv Place, Shrewsbury

Salwey, T. J., Esq., The'Cliff, Ludlow

Sandford, Humphrey, Esq., M.A., J. P., The Isle, Shrewsbury

Sandford, Folliott, Esq., Belmont, Shrewsbury

Severn Valley Field Club — Rev. R. C. Warstall, Coudover Vicarage

Smith, Hubert, Esq., Belmont House, Bridgnorth

Smith, F. Rawdon, Esq., Eastfieid, Ironbridge

Southam, Hbt. R. H., Esq., The Hollies, Shrewsbury

Southam, S. C, Esq., Elmhurst, Shrewsbury

Southam, T., Esq., J. P., The Hollies, Shrewsbury

Southwell, C. J., Esq., Hooklleld House, Bridgnorth

Sparrow, Arthur, Esq., F.S.A., D.L., J. P., Preen Manor, Shrewsbury

S[)aull, W. H., Escj., Oswestry

Stanicr, F., I'^sq., J. P., Peplow Hall, Market Drayton

Stanton, (Jcorgc, l';s([., Cotun Hill, Shrewsbury

Swainson, Rev. J. G., M.A., Wistanstow Rectoiy, Craven Arms

Taylor, R., Esq., J. P., Abbey House, Shrewsbury
Thursfield, T. H., Esq., J. P., Barrow, Broseley
Trouncer. T. W., Esq., J. P., Astley, Slu-ewsbury

Vaughan, H. F. J., Esq., B.A., 30, Edwardes Square, Kensington,

London
Venablcs, R. G., Esq., J. P., Overton Lodge, Ludlow

Wakcman, Sir OlUey, Bart., M.A., D.L., J. P., Pevercy, Baschurch

Walker, C. (J., Esq., J. P., Lilleshall Old Hall, Salop

Walts, W. W., Esq., M.A., F,(J.S., 14, Hume Street, St. Stephen's

(ilreen, Dublin
Watson, J., Km]., M.l\, J. P., iJcrwick House, Shrewsbury
Warner, Rev. I'rebendary, M.A., ('iun Vicarage

XVI

Webb, T., Esq., 30, Broadwater, Tunbridge Wells

Whitaker, W. Wilkinson, Esq., Cornbrook House, Manchester

Whitcombe, Robert H., Esq., Bewdley

Williams, Pliilip, Esq., J. P., Hinstock Hall, Market Drayton

Williams, Piyce, Esq., Moore, near Warrington

Williams, E., Esq., Broom Hall, Oswestry

Wood, Rev. J. Cooper, M.A., Tlie Clive Vicarage, Shrewsbury

Wood, R. H., Esq., F.S.A., F.R.G.S., Penrhos House, Rugby

AVoods, Sir Albert W., C.B., F.S.A., Garter King of Arms, Queen

Victoria Street, London
Woodall, Mr. E., Oswestry and Border Co%mties Advertizer, Oswestry
Withers, Mrs., Swan Hill, Shrewsbury
Wright, PhiHp, Esq., J. P., Mellington Hall, Churchstoke
Whittingham, E., Esq., Newport, Salop

Members are requested to notify any change of residence, or error
of description, to the Secretary, Mr. F. Goyn'e, Dogpole, Shrewsbury.

SOCIETIES WHICH EXCHANGE
TRANSACTIONS.

IJiriningliam and Micilaiid Institute.

(Jaiul)i'iau Arclijcological As.sociatiou.

Curnburlaii'l and Westmorolaml Arclucological andAutiquariauSociety

Derbysliiio Archrcological Society.

Esse.\ Field Club.

Fidk-Ijoro Society.

Historic Society of Lancashire and Oliesliiro.

Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society.

Powys-Land Club.

Jloyal Arcluoolcgical Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.

Society of Antiquaries of London.

Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-on-Tyne.

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

Somerset Archaeological Society.

Surrey Archaeological Society.

Sussex Archaeological Society.

Worcester Diocesan Arclucological Society.

Wni. Salt Arclucological Society.

Yorkshire Arclucological and Topographical Association.

Copyright Office, British Museum.

Natural History Department, British Museum.

Bodleian Library, Oxford.

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TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS

By the late Mr. H. H. LINES.
{With Five Plans.)

Introduction and Notes by WILLIAM PHILLIPS, F.L.S.

The following descriptions and plans of some of the
Roman and British camps of Shropshire and the borders
are the work of the late Mr. II. 1:1 . Lines, of Worcester,
who was in the practice, while pursuing his profession
of an artist, of turning his attention to such old military
earthworks as came before him on the Welsh border.
Making tlie city in which he lived the centre of his
investigations, he extended them through the Silurian
and Ordovician countries, and accumulated a larofe
amount of information which he never lived to publish.
Some forty of his plans and sketches of camps and re-
mains were purchased at his death by the Committee
of the Worcester Free Public Library, by whose per-
mission we have obtained tracings of such plans as
pertain to Shropshire ; and the notes he made on them
have been kindly placed in our hands by Miss Lines,
his daughter. Such as relate to Montgomeryshire have
already been published in Collections Historical and
Archieologcal relating to that county.^

Since the time of Hartshorne's Salopia Antiqua, no
detailed descriptions of the British and Roman Camps

^\^Ki ;uo permitted to quote those portions of the article referred to
which lioar upon tlie .subject of this puj^er ; and our ackiiowlod^e-
nients are due to the Honorary I'ldilor, Mr. Morri^j 0. Jones, for liia
asfciistance in obtaining Mr. Lines' plana, Ac,

Vol. 111., 2ud S, j^

2 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

of Shropshire have appeared, and in that work only one
plan, that of Abdon Burf, is given. Mere verbal des-
criptions, however ample and exact, fail to convey to
the reader's mind an adequate idea of these remarkable
earthworks. The situation in which they stand, their
relation to each other, their size, form, and individual
peculiarities, are points not easily realised except by a
personal visit to them, or by the aid of carefully pre-
})ared plans by a competent surveyor, who, having
closely studied them, is, himself, able to appreciate
every military feature they possess. Such a work has
yet to be accomplished. Unfortunately, the number of
camps Mr. Lines surveyed in Shropshire are so few that
they can only be regarded as a valuable contribution to
a more complete knowledge of the whole ; and while
all that he lias written on debateable points may not
be accepted by the reader as unquestionable, it will
tend to elucidate the subject from the author's point of
view, and provoke further investigation. It is only
just to the memory of Mr. Lines to say that had he
lived to revise and superintend the publication of his
own notes they would have been still more valuable.
No one can read his paper, recently printed in the
Antiquary, on Roman Castramentation, without being
struck with the ability displayed in it, and his thorough
mastery of the subject.

In the tirst series of our Transactions, vol. ii, p. 348,
a plan of Norton Camp made by Mr. Lines was printed
to illustrate an excellent paper on Roman SJiropsJdre,
by the late Mr. VV. Thompson Watkin. It was, how-
ever, on a smaller scale than the present plans, and had
not so many particulars indicated.

Mr. Lines' list of border camps, with the name of the
nation to which each is referred, will be useful in con-
voying a comprehensive view of the gi-oat scries, of
which those of this county foi'in a ])art; while the de-
tached notes by the author which follow the list will
convey his views on the general subject ol* the Roman
conquests of Britain,

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

List of Camps from Portskewet in the South, to Penmaenmawr

in the North.

[Those marked with au asterisk are in Shropshire or close ou the
border, and tlie remarks in square brackets are by the editor.]

Portskewet
Caerleon and

Roman, afterwards oc-
cupied by Harold.
Roman.

A large camp, one mile N.W. j

Twyn Barllwm,near Risca.an oblate oval

Near Brecknock, Bunnium ...

Pidgeon Hill, a double camp

The Doward Cump

Penyard and Ariconium

Haffield ...

Oldbury...

Wall Hill, Ledbury

Kilbury ..

^ridsummer Hill, Eastnor ...

Hereford Beacon ...

Caplar, long oval ...

Acton and Diudor

Eaton camp, close to the Wye

Small camp on Beckbury Hill

Across the Wye.
Near Kington Walls Ditch, apparently Roman.
Burva hank

Wa})ley Camp, three ramparts, oval.
Wall Hills, Thornbuvy
Magna Castra
Creden Hill Camp
Sutton Walls

British.

Roman.
Roman.

British.
Roman and British.
Roman.

British.
Roman and British.
Roman and British.

l:5ritish.

both

Roman.
Roman.
Roman.

British.

Uncertain.

Uncertain.

Roman.
Roman.

Roman,

Saxon
Roman.

British.
British, and

Ivington is an altered camp

Cholstry...

Risbury Oval

Bach Cam[> ... ... ... Roman.

Croft Ambury ... ... ... British.

Brandon Camp and Bravinium ... Koman.

(There we leave Siluria, and crossing the Teme, we enter

Ordovicia).
*'(Jo.\wall Knowl ... ... ... IJritish.

Hl.u)i- hitches ... ... British.

'Norton on Whottlobury Hill ... Iloman.

Nordy Bank ... ... ... Roman.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

*Titterstone Gump

*Ab(lon Burf

-Barrow Hill Camp, oval

♦Ditches, circle, near Easthopo, with

double rampart.
*At five miles east of the last is Caer

Caradoc, Stretton, and the Wrekin
"^'Biuy Ditches, a circle.
^♦■Gillings Rising [i.e. Billing's Ring on

Ordnance Alap.]
*Caer din [? Clun Forest; there is a

Caer din one mile west of Bishop's

Moat.]
*Caer digol, a circle. [Called also

Beacon Ring.]

British.
British.
British.

British.

Near Montgomery, on the right bank of Severn.

Caer Einion

Roman,

Caer Flos

Roman.

Another Camp. [? Hen Domen]

British.

''And Breidden Hill Camp and Cefn y

Castell

Roman.

Crowther Camp ...

Roman.

Gaer Fawr, Guilstield

British.

*Llanyraynech

Roman.

♦Old Oswestry

British,

Llyn Bryn Dinas ..

Flint ...

Roman.

Caerwys...

Roman.

Bodfari ...

Roman,

Caer Estyn

British,

Caergwrle

Roman.

(Part of 20th Legion was here, and afterwards occupied by the

Britons, who built a cas

Ac there).

Penycloddiau

1

Moel Arthur

British.

Mocl y Gaer

Moel Fenlli Bwlch Agricola...

British.

]>iganwy ..

. Roman

and British.

Couovium

Roman,

Caer Soiont on Mynydd y drc

British.

Cacu' CJyfylchi

Jh'itish,

Penmaenmawr

British,

TlTTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 5

The following Shropshire Camps are omitted by Mr.
Lines in the above list, from which fact we may infer
that he did not intend it for publication in the form in
which it now appears. Some of them are afterwards
mentioned in the detached notes: —

Caynham Camp, near Ludlow, oblong.

Roveries Camp, two miles north of

Bishop's Castle, oval ... ... British.

Castle Ring, three miles S. of Minsterley,

oval ... .. ... British,

Chesterton Walls, near Worfiekl, trian-
gular ... ... ... Roman.

Burys, Bayston Hill, near Shrewsbury British.

Wall Camp, near Kinnersley, nearly

circular ... ... ... Roman.

Ebury Camp, four miles N.E. of Slirews-
l3ury, similar in shape to Norton
Camp ... ... ... Roman.

Pontesbury Hill Camp ... British.

Berth, near Baschurch ... ... British.

The Wrekin.

Trench Camp, near Wem, nearly effaced by cultivation.

Other smaller Camps exist near the Welsh border.

An Abdract of the Roman Gonqued of Britain, as regards
mention of the Legions.

From the Notebook of the late Mr. H. H. Lines.

Julius Ca3sar was 10 years governor of Gallia before he saw
Britain. (During that period he must have obtained informa-
tion respectin<:( Britain to fjuide him in his actions re^ardinfif
the Conquest.)

Comius, King of the Atribati, was the first Britain who made
overtures favourable to Ctesar, and afterwards remained his
friend.

The Standard bearer of the lOtli Legion, Scaena, a British
deserter, was the first Roman soldier who set his foot on the
shores of Ikitain, 54 u.c. Ctcsar brought with him in his first
campaign, u.c. 54, the 7th Legion, which had a narrow escape
of annihilation in a foraging expedition.

Cojsar's first Camp is thought to have been Barham Downs,

In Ccesar's second invasion, bc. 53, he brought with him five

6 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

Legions and 2,000 Cavalry; among them was the 7th Legion,
which Legion, by means of the Testuds, stormed the British
stronghold in the woods on the river Stour. His first
encampment was so near the shore as to allow the whole
fleet being dragged into the camp, or to the land. Cassar in
this second invasion with his heavily-armed Legions was no
match against the light-armed warriors of Britain, fighting in
and executing their rapid chariot movements. He therefore,
we are told, " caused his troops to lay aside their weighty
armour" (shewing by this decision that they were ever ready
to adopt even the tactics of barbarians, if it was to their ad-
vantage to do so). Li the autumn of this campaign, " C\esar
carried his Legions back into Gallia, his affairs so requiring
it." (Strategic reasons no doubt, in fact the Britons were too
much for him.)

During the first 39 years of our era Britain is said to have
been without any Roman garrison whatever, except the
natives ; the Legions were withdrawn.

We next hear of the second Legion commanded by Vespa-
sian being victorious in Britain.

Then of Claudius bringing a great army and elephants — so
says Dion Cassius — and after joining Vespasian takes the
British city of Camulodunum.

Then commenced tlie great revolt of the Icenians, against
whom was opposed Ostorius, who established himself in garri-
son between the rivers Antonia and Sabrina.

The army was then led against the Cangi, as far as the
Western Coast — a .small revolt of the Brigantes was at this
time subdued. After this the Silurian war was prosecuted,
but the Silurians ever remained in chronic revolt.

At this time Caractacus was beaten.

At this time Baulinus Suetonius undertook the conquest of
Anglesea, followed by a revolt of the Icenians, the destruction
of Romanised Comulodunum by Boadicea, who, in this affair,
encountered and routed the 9th Legion, commanded by
Petilius Ccrialis. She then sacked V^erolaninm, and gave the
migiity Romans the most ignominious defeat they ever sus-
tained. We now find Suetonius with the 12th and 14th
Legions [trotecting Londinuin ; in the moantimo Boadicea
"again eiicounLcred the Itonian army, and llusliod by previous
success, is beaten with great slaugliLer." In the battle we find
the 2uil, the I4th and the 20th liogions engaged. And we are
told l»y Tacitus that Nero greatly honoured tiio 11th, 13th,
and l-ith Legions for their good service therein performed.
Suetonius intended to push forward his successes against any

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 7

remaining resistance, receives 2,000 Gerraan Legionaries, eight
cohorts of Auxiliaries, and a thousand horse, and the 9th
Legion which liad been weakened by the rashness of Petilius,
was strengthened. Ves|>asi:in was commander of the 2nd
Legion in IJritain, and Suetonius says lie fought 80 battles,
gained the Isle of Wight, and 20 British towns.

About the year 79 the Brigantians revolted, and were sub-
dued by Petilius Cerealis. Also the unconquered Silurians
received the warlike attentions of Julius Frontinus, under
whom Julius Agricola served in Britain. About this period
the Ordovices cut otf a strong Roman force on their borders,
which act was connived at by the neighbouring provinces.
Aufricola reveno^ed his Leffionaries on the Ordovices, and re-
covered Anglesca. Agricola, in his third year, commenced the
Caledonian wars. This happened in the reign of Situs. In
his sixth year he prutlently stayed his progress in Caledonia,
and raised his famous wall against the natives, who by a nigiit
attack surprised the 9th Legion, when a sliarp encounter took
place at tlie camp gates, and in the trenches, which ended in a
defeat of the natives at Dealym Ross.

In the battle with Galgacus we Hiid the Romans had three
Batavian Cohorts, and twoTiuigrians in the van. This battle
happened a.d. 81, an<l completed the subjugation of the IslancL

Detached Notes on the Roman Conquest of Britain.

We Qi\A\\ some idea of the arduous nature of the
struggle between the Britons for their liberty and the
Romans for conquest, when we count up the camps
which took a part in the Silurian war. Taking tbem
from south to north, that is, from Portskewet or Porth-
is-coed, south of the Wye at its confluence with the
Severn, till we reach Penmaenmawr in the north, we
find in this space and upon the line of operation seventy-
six camps. Twenty-eight of these are either of Roman
origin, or are known to have been occu})ied by the
Roman Legion. Thirty-three are of the ancient British
period, iifteen I have not ascertained the nationality
of, and it must certainly be the case that some others
may have escaj)ed detection. Wo may therefore con-
sider ourselves within the ijiark if we say eighty camps

8 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

must have been required before the nhie years' war
terminated in that part of Britain named by the
Romans Britannia Secunda.

In Record of the Rocks, by Rev. W. T Symonds,
1872, he mentions: — " The Breidden Hills, near Welsh-
pool, rise to the height of 1,200 feet, and are a mass of
igneous rocks, projected through dark slaty rocks of
the Llandeilo period ; the large camp on the hill lays
claim to be that on which Caractacus made his last
stand, although some antiquaries contend for Caer
Caradoc of the Forest of Clun having: been the scene of
this struggle."

I believe there is no tradition of any kind relative to
the Breidden Hill Fort, connecting it with the ancient
tribes of Britain; the terminal din in its name is the
only link which carries it back to pre-historic times,
and even to those times when Druidism was the
supreme power, before a Roman set foot on the island.
It is only in the accounts given by Tacitus that we
seem to get a glimpse of the existence of this place.
Tacitus, without giving its name, does, in his history
of the contest with Caractacus, most graphically indicate
the physical character of the last battle-field, and they
are such that cannot be applied to any other Silurian
or Ordovician fortress.

In reference to one of the localities where the Romans
evidently were much engaged, that south of Hereford
ten miles, the Wye valley, and south-west of the
Morvan Hills, we find a group of five camps ranged on
the lines of an ecpii lateral triangle of seven miles from
point to point ; they are of oval and rectangular shape,
and are named res})ectively Dindor, Aconbury, Camp-
field, Oldbury, and Ca[Jar. Of these, three show
Roman construction. In tlie same valley, and at six
miles south-west of the triangle, is the British camp on
Pcnyard Hill, and close by is the reputed locality 0£
the Roman station Areconium, eytablished subsequent

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 9

to the Silurian campaign. One of the above camps,
that of Oldbmy, approaohes within eight miles of Mid-
summer Hill Camp, and also within five-and-a-half miles
of the itoinan exploratory camp at ITaffield, within
three miles of Midsummer Hill. These respective
distances are traced from oui- Ordnance Maps, and
sufficiently show the close proximity of the Malvern
camps to the Silurian battle-fields, and that they were
only two hours' march distant at the utmost ; a doubt
has been expressed that they were out of the line of
march of the Roman Legions, but I think the above
distances show the idea to have been erroneous.

Tloman stations in Siluria were established by Julius
Frontinus about 72 A.D.

Assuming the nuie years' campaign of Ostorius to
have been carried on in the Silurian country, along the
lower valley of the Wye and the Lugg, and the valley
of the Teme, all which rivers flow into the Severn, this
last river being the generally acknowledged eastern
boundary of Siluria, the campaign was considered to
have terminated, as far as the Silurian country was
concerned, at Leintwardine-on-the-Teme, where we
fifid the Wom^n B I avinium Station and Brandon Camp.
On crossing the Teme here we enter the Ordivician
country, into which Ostorius carried the war, and im-
mediately came upon the l^ritish camps of Coxwall
Knoid and Gaer Ditches, called also Cacr Caradoo ;
the war proceeds on to Norton Camp, Roman, near
Craven Arms ; from thence ti small advanced camp is
thrown eastward towards the Clee Hills ; it is named
Nordif Bank ; its British opponents were Abdon Barf
and the camp in Tittei'stone Hill ; these are slightly
eastward of the progress of Ostoiius. We now reach
the cam I » 0<frr Carador on the Stretton Hills; from
thence the lido of war would probably strike the
SovcMii, near Montgomeiy, Iwerity nules west of
Stretton, where we find Cacr Flos, Roman, and a

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TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 11

Abdon Burf, a camp at Lutwych Hall, on Wenlock Edge,
Stretton, a camp near Bishop's Castle, Bury Ditches, Caer din
ring, Gaer Ditches, Coxwall Knowl, and three smaller camps
in Clun Forest.

There ars nine tumuli in the valleys just N. of Bury Ditches
around liishop's Castle, and also a camp named Gilling's Ring.^
From the camp on Wenlock Edge it is 7 miles to FtVidtl b\ald\vin,
j\r(jntgomery, and at l.i miles from this, on the Severn, is the
Roman Caer Flos. Two miles E. of Montgomery are two
tumuli.

Caer Flos commands the Severn Valley, and we find a
tumulus at H miles N. near the river.

Six miles N. of Caer Flos we find Caer Digol on Long
Mountain; on the N.E. are two tumuli. At 3i miles N.W., on
the opposite side of the Severn, is a camp, small and probably
K(jman.

At 3 miles further N.E.,on the opposite bank of the Severn,
is the British stronghold on i^reidden Hill, where Caractacus
was overthrown.

Extract from Note Book.

Shropshire Camps, &c.

Oswestry. The great fort named Old Oswestry, one mile from
the town, occu{)ies 15 acres inside, has two ram^jarts and
ditches with another deep foss at the base of the hill sur-
rounding the whole with two entrances. I'his [)lace was
ancientl}^ called tlie Ddinas. Pennant considers this a forti-
fied town of the liritons, not a mere camp. It is on Watt's
Dyke.

At Whittington are remains of the Castle built by one of the
Lord Mtirchers. It stands on a flat. The gateway with two
vast round towers, and vestiges of others, may be traced.

There are the bare fossa of a Castle at Oswestry. Dugdale
mentions a castle here at the Norman Conquest, therefore it
was either Saxon or Iiritish.

Two miles N.W. of this is an entrenchment called Castell
Brogyntyn, of circular form with great dyke and foss.

Llanymynech Hill. The summit is encircled by a fortifica-
tion of stone in connection witli Ofla's Dyke which it intersects.

Two miles N. of this is a small camp.

Again, one mile N. there are said to be " stones."

Another mile further are Carncddau.

1 Billing's Ring in Ordnance Survey. — Editor.

12 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

Three and half miles W. of Oswestry is Coed y Gaer,
;small.

North of this, one mile, is a Stone.

Half a mile further N. is a Stone near to Oftu's Dyke.

Another milo N., on Selattyn Hill, is a Carn, and close on
the W. is Gorso'ld Wen, supposotl to be the Carn of Gwen, the
brave son of Llyarch Hen. His body was found in the tomb,
150 yards from Ofta's Dyke.

Eight miles E. of Forden is an oval Camp, Castell Ring.

Between this last and Caer Digol are two small camps and
three tumuli.

Near Westbury is Caurse Castle, rather large, and a mount ;
also, a small Camp and tumuli.

Three miles E. of Bishoj)'s Castle is Gilling's King, oval.

'Si miles S. ot liishop's Castle is a strong circular fort named
Bury Ditches, it is near Walcot Park, also a tunuilus, and
another on Acton Bank, 1 mile \V., with two more, Xl miles
N. of Col bach.

Hound the top of the Wrekin are the traces of a British
Camp, with 2 trenches and 2 ramparts, one raised SO or 40
yards above the other, only one entrance to each entrenchment.
The outer vallum is at least one mile round. There is space
for 20,000 men.

W'roxetcr, a Roman station, is near,

Clun Castle in ruins, Norman, a stronghohl of the Lords
Marchers, 3 miles from Gaer Ditches, and 8 from the Craven-
Arms.

Two miles W. of Gaer Ditches is a square Camp, Castle
Ditches,

Caer Caradoc or Gaer l^itehes on the Stretton Hills is
guarded on its accessible sides by 3 Fossa and Valla. The
second Agger is a vast wall of stones covered with turf The
area is irregular and sloping from a peak.

On Titterstone Hill is a large Camp.

Three miles from Ludlow is tho site of Cay nham Castle, with
an area of G or 7 acres.

Norton Camp is circular, witii double foss, at the top of a
hill close to the Craven Arms. Stokesay Castle is near

On tlio top of Corndon Hill are foundations of ancient
huts.

At Mitchell's Fold is a Druid Circle of abont 30 stones.
The largest Upright 5rt. lOin. high, tli(3 cirele 30 {)aces across.
There ;U(! rnniains t)f otli(;r circles in the same localily.

Till! lUitish names of Ludlow was Dinan, and Llystwyse
Nt)r(ly llanic Camp.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHEHS. 13

Explanation of the Plan No. I. — Titterstone Camp.

[The Plan is not designed to represent aiiythiiig more than the
great entrance to the camp situated at the S.S.E. side. For a general
ph\n of the whole camp, reference must be made to the Ordnance
Survey six-inch map. A A rejn-esents a part of tlie interior of the
camp. BB represents in outhne the vallum of loose stones, which
entirely surrounds the summit of the hill, at the point where it is
intersected by the winding entrance. It has been stated on excellent
authority that in some ])arts beneath the loose stones of the valhun
good masonry has bren detected. — Ku,]

TITTEKSTONE CAMP.

(With a Plan, No. I.)

Titterstone Camp on the Clee Hill is so extensive
that IVoni the centre of its area no view of its boundary
is obtainable, although the area itself is nearly level,
being the table-laud of the hill. Its enormous stone
agger, which entirely surrounds the camp, is placed at
the commencement of the descending slopes on each
side, a little below the level of the camp. This broad
ao-aev of loose stones is dotted and even crowded with

CO

small cittiau, just large enough to hold one man each,
throughout its extent, about two miles, so that an
army of considerable size would be required to man the
walls. This is more evident when we find these walls
constructed upon a low angle, and from 25 to 30 feet
broad at the base. The probable object in constructing
this wall of so vast a thickness and at a low angle, may
have been twofold. First, to give adequate shelter to
its defenders in the stone pits, and also to render it
impossible for a cavalry attack, and not easy for infantry
assaults. One portion of 70 feet in length of this broad
agger is worth notice. On the north side of the camp,
the agger appears to be left in very nearly its original
form. Its base is 34 feet in width, with a rise of G feet
from the exterior to the ijiner side. Nearly along the
centre of the ao-oei- iy built a low wall 3 feet G inches in

orj

vertical height at the present time. i^oubtless, it was
originally higher, and may have been carried entirely
round the camp as a l)reastwork or ram[)art. A carei'ul

14 TITTERSTOJiTE CAMP AND OTHERS.

examination of this rampart will show that its founda-
tion lies far below the present surface of the loose
stones forming the agger. On the southern exterior of
the agger is a foss and mound of moderate height.
Proceeding to the S.S.E. angle we find one of those
curved narrow entrances characteristic of the old British
tribes. At this entrance theaggera on both sides make
a bend at a right angle into the camp, of GO feet width
across the two barriers, tlie curved road into the camp
passing for 80 feet between the two arms of the in-
curved aggera. The southern arm of this enormous
entrance assumes the form of a Carnedd of 50 feet
diameter, its surface dotted over with small hollow pits
similar to the cittiau on other parts of the agger. The
Kev. C. H. Hartshorne, who seems to consider this
great mound of stones to be of a sepulchral character,
says, "We see for instance a large Carne at the S.E.
point, and another still larger and higher at the W."^
but I think it more probable to have been a formidable
defence mound for the protection of the principal
entrance.

Proceeding along the S. side of tlie hill we find the
natural escarpment of the hill adding greatly to its
defensive strength by its steepness. On approaching
the N. side, this steep character assumes that of formid-
able precipices, broken up as though the massive blocks
of trap had been shaken apart by an earthquake.
Among the chaotic heaps of gigantic fragments which
have fallen dov/n this escarpment, we find the old
Britons have, according to their invariable custom,
turned the so called accidents of nature to their own
account, and have utilized the apparent chaotic confu-
sion by fixing their dwelling places like Eagles' nests
amongst the most inaccessible rocks, movincr and
placing some of the unweildy masses around them, so as
to suit their own convenience. After a careful examin-

^ For Hartshorn's Account of this Camp, see Appendix to this
paper.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 15

ation, I think there is evidence to show that this has
been the case to a remarkable degree.

The measurements of Titterstone Camp, as far as they
are obtained, show it to be unsually extensive. The
llev. 0. H. Hartshorne, who describes the place in his
Salopia, says : — " It measures from N. to S. 5G0 yards,
and from E. to W. rather more than double that dis-
tance." My own meisure from N. to S., by pacing
across, a little to the E. of the great Carnedd, I found
to be 734 paces, and as I cover 250 feet in 100 paces
the result would be 1833 feet. Hartshorne probably
measured in a different place and only obtained 1G80
feet. The height of the camp is 1750 feet, giving a
look out of enormous circumference.

The exterior of the camp along the slopes of the hill
as it descends to lower ground, shows frequent exam-
ples of stone circles of \ arious sizes. Often only por-
tions of the seirments are remaining, but the lar^e
stones indicating altars, places of honour, or the stone
seats of presidency, are almost always left, while the
smaller stones forming the circles are frequently absent.
I remember a rock chair on the S. slope showing where
the subordinate stones once formed the circle.

In the interior of the camp are numerous small dells
running up towards the centre. Each of these dells
contains the large stones of former buildings, with the
presidential stones in their original positions. One of
tliese stone seats on the N. side of the camp is as fine
an example as I have seen anywhere, ard is surrounded
by its various stone circles as they were originally
))laced. Its dimensions are about 7 feet wide by G
feet 5 inches in heiiifht.

The most interesting object in the crmp is its great
Carnedd, 80 feet in diameter, with many of itscist-vaan
loft ojxMU'd. 'i'iio circular shape of the carnedd termin-
ates on its \V. side in a prolonged point jutting into a
vestibule of '25 feet in length, with a stone 4 leet long
at its terminal end, showing the vestibule to be a part
of the design of the carnedd. Jn the centre of this

16 TlTTERSrONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

great carnedd is erected the more recent cairn of the
Ordnance survey, apparently built of stones not be-
longing to the old carnedd, the difference between the
two erections being distinctly evident. The dianieter
of the Ordnance Cairn is 25 feet.

These slight remarks upon one of our most extensive
British fortified strongholds were the results of a flying-
visit of about 2 hours in July, 18G9, and I look forward
to an oppoitunity for more accurate and fuller ex[)lora-
tion at a future time.

ABDON BURF.

My observations on a brief visit to Abdon Burf in
July, 1870, on which occasion my time was mostly
occupied in sketching, are merely supplementary to the
excellent descrijition given us by the Rev. 0. H. Harts-
horne in his Salopia Aiitiqua}

The height of these reinairis above the sea is 1,835 ft.
On tlie N. end of Al)don liurf I found one remarkable
feature not noticed by llartshoriie, a group of the pit
liuts of the ancient inhabitants, which are easily dis-
tinguished from the shafts of the coal miners which
abound. These pit huts remain in good preservation ;
they were lined .n)ugldy with stones, ;uid were G feet
10 inches deep, their diameter across the top 15 feet
and 10 feet, and their margins surroimded by a mound
5 feet wide. There was a stnall circular entrance of 5
feet by 2 bc^fore descending into the circular j>its. 'I'liis
group, 1 observed, was placeil on tlie inner sl()[)e and
at tlie base of the N. vallum near a Carnedd, which
rises 8 or U feet above the inner level. The C-arnefld
on the N.W. corner has l)een uncovered, and tbe
inteiior is now exposed to view, showin*'- rectaiiaular
buiKlings formed oi the trap o^ the hill, tlie blocks beinu^
large, llat-sidod, and well litted together.

Tlui giaphic description of the vast assemblage! of
ruins on Abdon Ikni' by the Jvev. (1 [\. Ilartshorne,

' .St;c Aiipcudix, Note 1,

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. l7

leaves but little to be said in reference thereto. He
also alludes to his own convictions, that notwith-
standing the chaotic confusion apparent among the
gigantic masses of bnsalt which cover the hill in
all directions, he can yet trace evidences of order
which repel the idea of natural causes ; still he shrinks
from the responsibility of deciding what may be
the true character of tliese disordered heaps. I ex-
amined them in company with a clear-headed and
cautious companion, who appeared striving to resist
convictions which forced themselves strongly against all
pre-conceived ideas lie may have entertained. This
was especially during the examination of a vast as-
semblage of great l)locks of basalt which filled up an
extensive hollow in a state of confusion, vastly similar
to wliab might be produced by natural causes, an earth-
quake for instance. But amidst all this dire confusion,
1 could detect such numeious indications of artificial
pre -arrangement, that I could not avoid the conclusion
that the cliaos before me was an overthrown buildino;
of enormous proportions. I traced the substructure so
far as to produce a ground plan of the whole, for below
the enormous blocks of Viasalt piled confusedly one over
the other, I perceived the base or substructure took a
definite form, and that it consisted of great blocks laid
in regular courses of one stone squarely placed over
another. This condition I also observed to hold good
throughout the ruins wherever T could obtain a sight
of the substructure. The secret of these ruins ap-
parently retaining the whole, or nearly so, of its stones
thus heaped \\\), is that they are too unwieldly to be
removed, and consequently they lie where they at first
fell. I much regret that the very brief time allowed
for examination did not pern»it me to obtain either
measui-ements or sketches, Ijut the impression on my
mind was that a prc-historic building of coloss.al
dimensions once occupied the ground, in short one of
the great Ilypothral lonq)l('S of former times. But
how was its destruction efiected '( Was it an earth-

Vol. 11. 2iidS. c

18 TITTETISTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

quake or a political revolution, which overthrew it '?
1 believe we should not be assumino- too much if we
ascribed its destruction to the Iloman engineers. We
know that the lloraan government attributed the
obstinate resistance which met their own progress in
Britain to the influence which was exercised by the
Druid Priesthood over the natives. Now this Abdon
Burf was evidently an unusually strong hold of the
ancient religious institutions of the Britons, and we
find the Roman power considered it necessary to con-
quer and subdue this pkrce by establishing a blockade
camp on Nordy bank, between the Burf and the village
of 8t. Marn;aret s, at little more than one mile distant,
at the base of the Burf hill.

NORDY BANK.i

(With a Plan, No. 3).

I could see the Roman station at Nordy Bank from
a distance of a quarter of a mile in my descent iVom
Abdon Burf, and I regret tliat time did not allow of a
visit to it, but from the sloj)es of the Burf I could look
right into the camp, and with a small glass T examined
it as well as circumstances permitted. The vjdlum
appeared to stand uj) nearly as perfect .'is when first
erectec'. I saw that it was a parallelogram, and tliat
its angles, as is usual with the Romans, weie rounded
off. Its entrance gates were at its west and east sides,
Ilartshorne gives its pro[)ortions as follows: — "From
east to west 210 [)aces, and from nortli to south 144; a
sinf^le foss surroimds the whole. The vallum is 20 feet
wide at its base, and 6 feet across its crest, the interior
slope is 12 feet, the scarp 18 feet, and the counter
scarp six feet."

Judging from the dimensions above given, tlie camp
would not be larger tlian 348 feet x 520, the size for
a Castra Exploratoria. The great camp of the Koman

' Sco 11 IM HI of Nonly JJuiik, roj/u-d from lliu :^ix inch Onlnaucc
Siii'voy, oil Iho hiiiue Plate us Prundoii C^ainp, No. 3,

sJSca

Erl^hcr J^r/rr/^ iri/zTicr

^tnuLffa^nparA.rcO'ni^r scarp J/[ /u^A f/al cre^vt i:5 fi ^ndf
A stt^ht TTtound- cn-6Racis\ tviih <«- ccu^t^r ^^c/irp cf 3 ft.

J

A stta/U meund- cn-^lacis \ t*-itJi (Z- cotuffrr c<r/irp cf J ft-

S'wrvr^rti bt/ H N.L//teS.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 1 9

army was strongly entrenched at 8 or 9 miles to the west
ot'the Barf on Norton (or Whettlebury) Hill at Stokesay.
The close })roximity of the small exploratory camp of the
Romans to that of the Britons occupying an area of
five and a half times greater space, and the defiant and
contemptous position of the Nordy Bank Camp at the
foot of the Abdon Burf, excites some measure of
surprise, which I think can only be explained by sup-
posing the Abdon Burf garrison to have been a weak
one, notwithstanding their immensely strong barriers
of 50 feet high. The question then arises, was it a
garrison of fighting men or a stronghold for the protec-
tion of the old British ])agan religious system 1 I find
the latter is llartshorne's idea,^ and I must say that I
perfectly coincide with that view. But the llomans
had decreed the destruction of that system with its
priesthood, and I think the evidences we find here
point to the fact of that catastrophe hav ing been actively
carried out on Abdon Burf.

NORTON CAMP, STOKESAY.

(With Plan No. 2.)

This is one of the strongest of the Roman camps
known, with double entrenchments on three of its sides,
and an inaccessible precipice protecting its fourth side,
the W. It stands equi-distant, that is 9 miles from
each of the two British strono^holds on the Titterstone
and on the Burf Probably from the Castra Explora-
toria of Nordy being advanced so much nearer to the
Burf than it was towards the Titterstone, the Burf was
first subdued and its temples destroyed, the Titterstone
afterwards receiving the attentions of the Romans.
The distance between the Abdon Burf and the Titter-
stone Camps is 5i miles.

In July, 1871. I had the gratification of a second
visit to Norton (/amp, having obtained tho consent of
J, 1), Allcroft, VjHi\., to nuMSuro across his preserves.

1 Sec Ai)[)eii(lix for llartslionie's viewy.

20 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

The general form of the camp is a combinatioQ of an
oblong and a semi-circle. It is rectangular against the
cliffy edge of a steep escarpment on the W. , and semi-
circular at the E., through the centre of which is the
Porta Prtetoria, another gate being within the curve
more on the S.E. Of these gates the Porta Prsetoria
enters the camp on a line straight towards the centre,
where probably the Prcctorium was placed. The other
gate goes in at a curve, but much less curved than is
usual in British camps. The terminal ends of the
different valla at the gates, instead of turning inwards
into the camp or outwards, are increased in bulk at the
expense of the fossa, a mode contrary to British custom.
The outer mound, which usually forms the glacis in
fortification, is not more tlian two feet high. This would
accord with the Roman, but not with British practice,
the Britons usually making the outside mound by far
the stronger. Tliere are three valla and two fossa
surrounding the camp, and the inside vallum is much
the highest. This would be the rampart, and it stands
above the area of the camp 8 or D feet, its crest G feet
wide, its scarp 25 feet slope into the first foss, the
bottom of which is 5 feet wide. The second rampart is
about 5 feet hiu'li, and 25 feet wide across its crest. I
am inclined to think from this frreat widtli beinii" found
all round the camp upon the second vallum, that it was
occupied by a broad ring of tents, probably for auxil-
iaries. The scarp of the second rampart is about 6 feet
perpendicular, the outer ditch 10 feet wide. At the
N.W. angle there appears to be a double traverse to
protect a gate at that corner, which opens out, and
apparently descends the precipitous slope towards the
bottom of the hill, perhaps for access to the river Oney,
which runs at its base. Within the area of the camp
is a well hewn through the rock, 15 ft. X 20. A
similar well lies just outside the Porta Pra3toria. The
aiea of the camp has a gentle rise from the E. to the
W., and is flat, thus giving space for an intervallum.
This space in British camps is always filled up with

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 21

cittiau, but is left clear in Roman works. The area is
900 feet x 725, giving as near as possible the same
space as in Brandon Camp, so that its garrison, as also
that of Brandon, would not be an entire legion; probably
about c5,000 men in each camp would be all that could
be acconnnodated. The legions were probably weakened
by the actions in the Teme valley, indicated by the
tumuli remaining there. Norton is only eight miles^
a two or three hours' march from Brandon. Did these
camps act in concert against Abdon Burf and Titter-
I stone, pushing on an expioratoria to Nordy Bank at the
[ base of the Burf '^

I We tiud the Watling Street from Abergavenny to

' Wroxeter passing through Kenchester and Brandon,
I and within two miles W. of Norton, but there is no
mention of Norton in the 12th Iter of Antoninus, show-
1 ing that it was not a Roman station, but merely a camp
created by the requirements of a campaign, and may
j have been held till the localities of the permanent
I stations on the great roads were settled.
I I think Norton Camp belonged to a period of tran-

1 sition, some of its features bearing somewhat of a British
I type, but others are decidedly Koman. We know that
the Romans, though having introduced a system of
castramentation of the most perfect, simple, and effec-
tive style, were such thorough cojjyists that they could
never resist imitating anything that appeared to them
good in the ibrtiiications of their foes. At first they
beat the Greeks and Epirotes, and then adopted their
mode of castramentation as better than their own, and
they finished with the Britons, and engrafted to a
certain extent the style of the old British engineers
upon their own. The Caledonian camps proclaim the
fact, those of the later campaigns of Agricola. These
Silurian camps likewise show that transitional clianges
had lakon place more than a century earlier than is
giMKMally Hii|)|)()H(.!d, lilliiig uj) llu; interval betweiui the
time of Bolybius, i^ivy, anil that of Jlygeniiis iii Had-
rian's time. The Roman camps of the Silurian wars

22 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHEKS.

carried od by Aulas Plautius, Ostorius Scapula, and
Suetonius Paulinus, would be constructed during this
changeful period.

The great camp at Norton is in the centre of a ring
or circle of British camps. Within a radius of 12 miles
we find twelve camps, which appear to be Britisli, eight
of them being of the largest and strongest character.
Commencino- on the E. of Noiton is the Titterstone,
Abdon Buri", a camp at Lutwyche on Wenlock Edge,
Stretton, a camp near Bishop's Castle, Bury Ditches,
Caer din, Gaer Ditches, CJoxwall Knowl, and three
sm-rdler camps in Clun Eorest ; we also find two^ tumuli
on Old Field at BromHeld, in a line between Titterstone
and Norton, probably memorials of battles.

The third summit of the Clee Hills is called Glee
Burf or the Hoarstone Hill. Here a similar vallum to
that on the Titterstone encircles the hill, which is
much encroached upon by coal mining.-

BRANDON AND COXWALL KNOWL CAMPS.

(Wrm A Plan, No. 3).

Brandon^ is a Roman camp 8 miles from Norton. It
is a square of 850 feet x 800, a camp capable of hold-
ing 3,000 men. It has four gates through its vallum,
which retains its original height all round. Its Prce-
torian gate is placed upon the N.W. corner, which is

1 Tliere are no less than six on Old Fioki, and a seventh was
destroyed in making the railway. — Ku.

- See Ajjpendix iur llartshorne's views.

^ The much disputed (juestion of the situation of JJravinium placed
in the Ittr of Antoninus between Magna and Uriconinm, 24 miles from
the former, and 27 from the latter, has been satisfactorily set at rest
by the discovery at Lointwardine of undoubted evideiices of a Konian
Station of larj^'e dimension.s, in which niany fragments of pottery,
tiles, brt>n/,e articles, and coins have been (liscovei'cd. Brandon camp
slanils about one nnle N. from Leintwardinc, and was formerly
tlnjuglit to be Jiraviuiutn, but no Roman renjaius have ever been
fouml there, altliough at one time occupied as a Roman camp. (Seo
Arc/iao/u(/ia Canilirenxix, vol. i., Ith Series, pp. lG;5-r).) — Eu.

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^L<,^>^\ /v-;- is\

08t

N?4.

'^^ Length fWC ff^t be/ e3( />>?:

• Scale.

<■ fc 100 ecc jrr ^oc sceF.^

i
General Ttctf savf tA^ Cafr Car(Ti7ec am? fcTtfuU

artSrr'hsIt' poaTe.

Sanri/eif 6'/ M M LiMtt

TJTTERtiTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 23

rounded off considerably, and faces the foe on Coxwall
Knowl at the distance of from 2| to 3 miles.

Coxwall Knowl is a quarter of a mile N. of the Teme.
It is formed of what a])pears to be two camps joining-
each other E. and W. The eastern division is a circle
of 750 feet diameter, with double valla and a ditch
between. The western division consists of an oblong
with its western end rounded. Its lenorth is 1,000 feet,
with three valla and two ditches on its N. side. Its S.
side is simply a steep escarpment towards the Teme.
If any vallum ever existed on this side it has been
destroyed by an assaulting force from the Teme valley.
Tlie entire length of the camj) is 3,750 feet. It is
thought by some writers that Coxwall was the place
where Cai'actacus sustained his last defeat, but doubt
exists on this point, as the pl;ice appears to want some
characteristics mentioned by Tacitus. It is, however,
certain that severe encounters between the Romans
stationed at Brandon and the British at Coxwall have
occiu'i'ed, in proof of which we iind those invariable
memorials of battle in live tumuli on an anffle of four
miles between the two camps, two of them being less
than a mile from Brandon and in a line with ('Oxvvall,
On measuring the tumulus netu'est Brandon, I found it
to be 15 feet high and the area at top 40 x 45 feet.

G A E Tl D I T C H E S .

(With a Plan, No. 4).

Another interesting British Camp in the same neigh-
bourhood bears the name of Caradoc and Gaer Ditches.
It lies at the end of a valley running W. from Coxwall,
and is 31- miles distant from that place. It is situated
on the sununit of a steep liill, which blocks up and
commands the valley from end to end. The shape of
this camp is eli[)tical, and its area is about 1)00 feet by
500 across its widest curve. It is surrounded by a
double vallum, two ditches, and a steep glacis on the
outside. The valla remain uninjured, and the ditches

24 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

average 40 feet in width. The camp Hes E. and W.
The entrance gates at each end are singularly perfect ;
that on the E. consists simply of the interior vallum
suddenly curving into the camp for a space of 50 feet
on each side symmetrically. The gate on the W. end is
far more intricate, winding in a curve tlu'ough foiu*
large defence mounds, and across the two ditches. This
elaborately defended entrance is 150 feet long, and
connnanded or covered by the six high mounds between
which it passes. This is unquestionably one of the
most elTectively protected entrance gates I have yet
seen, where the entire works are made of earth. The
reason for this strong protection is obviously that it
opens out upon the talus of the hill, and not upon its
escarpment as the E. gate does. Caradoc is undoubtedly
a strong place, artificially as well as naturally, still it is
not large enough to accommodate more than 2,000 men,
and could not have played so active a part in the
►Silurian wars as many other camps, and from the very
perfect condition of the works I much doubt its having
sustained any assault of consequence. That it was the
scenceoftho last fight between Oaractacusand Ostorius
is too absurd to be entertained. It never had the vast
stone ramparts io be used in pelting the Romans, nor
has it the river of uncertain fords at the base of the
hill, upon which it is placed ; it has only a small rill
over which any boy could skip.

CHESTERTON WALLS, SHROPSHIRE.

(With a Plan, No. 5).

This camj) is thirteen miles STC. of Wroxeter, nine
miles 8. from the Watling Street, and twelve miles S.
of the camp on the Wrekin Hill. South of Chesterton
about eight miles, wo find a camj) within the recesses
of Ai-eloy Wood rather dillicult to i-each. Also at 8|
iiiiics from Chesterton is to be seen Kinvor VA](ro canii),
with another small camj) midway between the two last.
Thus between Wroxeter on the N. and Kinvei- Edge

Aleut 2C ^Ure.<i
This Carnp is\ /2 rrrr/^s S£ /rem t/u Ji'reh^ a*td 9 Kef Ain/hre.

Cnesterton I^j^LLS

rrr/n /cr /'•^ TH/i/tjpn/rs cf 24 Ten2s /^arh Ic crrtl/n/i tidcf/^
J/C'f ?/t(n supposmu aMrma/i cccufiulicn us a Cff-iAfv/ o-sftrr/

rr J- />uftt/0f re^^ 4.tTMS, s^4,0^

This Camp t'i /3 mr/^s Si: /ran t/if Jt'rei,^ g^d 0 A'cf Aui/a^r,

C//£sr£/?ro/v ^Valls

rrr/n /rr If' 7»/f/irp///rs r/' ^4 Tents fnrA Ir crnlm/i r/Atru/'

X

SCA .

Surreijed 4y M H. Lints.

Jicc \300

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 25

camp on the S., at only five miles from the Severn;
these camps all lie on the left bank of the river, and
were at the period of their origin surrounded by pri-
meval forests, remnants of which survive to the present
day. The two Kinver Edge Camps stand high, over-
looking forest, hill, and tlie open cluise lands of Morfe,
Wildmoor, and Rudge Heath, an undulating country,
intersected by narrow verdant valleys, through which
many a clear purling trout stream ripples along its
silvery course, with here and there a bare sandstone
cliff rising abruptly on one of its weedy banks, over-
shadowing its waters and giving shelter to the wary
fish. Such are the surroundings of Chesterton Walls.

The whole area of the camp is said to be about 20
acres, level as a tennis lawn, and under pasturage. It
is nearly l)are of trees except on the N. W. mound of the
principal entrance. Its general shape is irregular, the
W. and S. sides are straight for nearly 500 feet, con-
nected by a rounded angle of 90 feet. This part is
quite like Roman work in shape, without a rampart or
breastwork. The remainder of the S. side for 500 feet
more is most irregular, projections and identations in
the ground plan succeeding each other many times, and
forming a remarkable contrast to the previous 500 feet.
The [)lan terminates on the E. (piite narrow, giving the
camp a general resemblance to the slia[)e of a Pear.
There is also a i)rojection still eastwards, and of lower
level than tlie previously noticed area, and extending
for about 300 feet, like a proc^strium to the camp.
We find this naturally level area, standing wit hin and
surrounded, by a narrow glen from one to two hundred
feet wide, along which Hows a rapid stream, forming a
natural moat round two-thirds of the cam]).

The most interesting features of the old place lie at
the base of the rampart scarp along its S. side, where
a pathway shows the scarp of l)are sandstone rock ter-
minating not only vcutically, but at times overhanging
the j)athway in the maimer ol* cav es or alcoves, for 300 or
400 feet, forming numerous rocky recesses with luxuriant

Vol. 111., 2ud S. p

26 TTTTKRSTONE CAMP AND OTHKHS.

hangings of sweet briar, wild rose, and blackberry, fit
retreats for Puck, Ariel, and all the little fairy folk who
delight in such secluded and enchanting spots.

At the base of a scarp near, we also hnd a foss has
been cut through the solid rock, from 8 to 1 0 feet in
width, its sides vertical, its depth not ascertained, in
length from 500 to GOO feet. A sally-port incline, also
cut through the rock, traverses this loss up to the
rampart on the S. It was proi)ably constructed to get
access from the camp to the stream which runs along
the entire base ol this side of the camj). At about 200
feet W. of the sally-j^ort incline we find near the first
rocky alcove, a flight of rough stone steps leading up to
the ramparts. In using the word rampart we nuist not
expect to find either a 5 feet IXoman defence work or a
bulky British mound, for there is nothing of the kind
at the upper edge of the scarp. The only indications
of mounds occur at the principal gate on its W side,
where a bulky rampart mound is carried W. from the
gate for about 150 feet, while the E. side lias a much
smaller rampart, which has apparently been in part
faced by rough stones. The two covering gate mounds
are 50 feet apart, giving an unusual width of roadway.
I'here is also another gate at 300 foet distance on the
N.W. corner of the cam]), both gates opening towards
the village. At the Vj. extremity of the camp is a o-ate
of small dimensions leading on to tlie procestrium-like
adjunct, which m.ay have been a})propriated to cattle.

In the formation of this camp there is nothing com-
plex. Its plan is arranged with much simplicity, quite
as much so as a field woik of lloman construction, which
in one or two particulars it resembles, especially on the
AV. and S. with its connecting angle, also at the base of
the scarp on the S., where a foss is cut in the solid rock.
'IMiese are very much in the style of Roman work.
Wbeii, liowcvor, we examine other [)orti(;ns of this
camp we lind it conforming rigidly to the geological
ft)niiation ol' the ground, which is an oiitci-op of tlu; new
red sandstone. The stream which partly surj-ounds it.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS 27

if dafnmed up at the S.W. corner of the camp escarp-
ment, would convert the surroundino; ^Aen into a lake
upon emergency. But even these conditions were not
solely characteristic of the aborigines, though they
certainly never omitted to turn the so-called accidents
of nature to their own special advantage and use. The
Ilomf.ns also in the decadence of their power either
adopted customs Irom uncivilized connnunities, of which
practice we have in Britain some examples, or they, as
one of their writers (^Vegititus) attirms in the fourth
century, at the same time complaining that the old
method of fortifying the camps was in his time not only
laid aside, but entirely lost, took care that in selecting a
spot for encamping, " it should be strong by nature, the
situation healthy, with plenty of wood, water, and forage,
not conmiandecl by any height, nor so low as to be
subject to inundation, the form depending upon the
nature of the ground." Thus the shape of this camp is
entirely in accord with that of the ground, notwith-
standing an apparent touch or two of the old lloman
method. It is not without reason that Hartshorne, a
most reliable authority upon such questions, should feel
some indecision when describing this camp. He says :
" The walls at Chesterton are works of a defensive kind,
placed upon an eminence close to the village having this
name;" yet the means of defence are not of a very strong
nature. The escarpments certainly are steep, but not very
high, nor impracticable either to fire-balls or to scaling
ladders; indeed, I doubt its ever having been a place of
much defensive power. Its two principal gates about 300
feet apart, one of them 50 feet wide on entering the camp,
do not conform to Roman practice, nor follow the
ancient British narrow, crooked method of shaping the
camp entrances. Also these gates open directly on to
the village at about 100 yards distance.

Such conditions a[)[)car rather to indicate that the
camj) and the village w<ire contem[)orancous, and were
both parts of one community, dependent one upon the
other. Tlie question is suggested, was there priority

28 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

of existence between the two, and if so, which was the
first ? Or, were both camp and village formed simul-
taneously ? This is difficult to decide, while that they
were both at one time occupied simultaneously seems
most probable. It is possible that the village arose
first, and that the enclosed camp came to the village
and established its great open gates as a broad means
of inter-communication.

We know that in the dawn of history as relating to
our own country there had been, up to the lloman
occupation inclusive, three stages of progress, during
which our forefathers develoi)ed from the primeval con-
dition of hunters (men of the woods) through a pastoral
time, when enormous herds of various cattle were ti.e
substantial wealth of the natural lords of the land, to a
period when Rome forced upon the natives its world
wide civilizing institutions, wealth, and luxury. May
we not assume it probable that these Chesterton Walls
may have played a part in all these progressive stages,
especially in that of the Roman period 'I We may put
on one side the idea of its formation taking place during
the latter years of the Roman occujmtion, though it
was most probably in use during that time, and its
S.W. portion may have been partially altered, the re-
maining jjortion defying alteration from the irregularity
of the ground.

The name is very suggestive of a Roman occupation,
while the original British name is entirely lost. The
near locality of the opulent city of Uriconium may also
suggest the idea that this place was a Roman summer
station, dependent upon the city, only R] miles distant,
and if we admit the likelihood of its liavino- fii-st been a
native camp of the Cornavii, in whose territory it was
situated at the time of the building of the Roman city,
it seems very probable that the Romans should fix
upon so pleasant a spot for their yEstiva, or summer
retreat, where, hidden among its native forests, with
most e.vcclhint trout lishiug at its gates, pastura<>-o for
the cavalry horses, and hunting in the surrounding

TiTTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 29

woods, they found everything leady, as it were, to their
hand, besides its proximity to two ancient roads leading
to Uriconium, one giving name to the brook Stratford,
which surrounds this haven of repose and enjoyment,
the other, the renowned WatUng Street, only 9 miles
to the N.

APPENDIX.

The following extracts from Hartshorne's Salopia
Antiqua should be read in connection with the observa-
tions of Mr. Jjines : —

TITTJaiSTUNK.

Tiie suiiuiiit of the Tittcrstuiie is encircled by an iigger of loose
stones heaped up urtiticially like those upon the other two Cleo Hills.
The enclosure here is by far the largest of the three, but the Vallum
is inferior to that round Abdon IJurf in height, as well as breadth.
it measures from north to south live liuudred and sixty yards, and
from east to west rather more than double the distance, about half a
mile. Wheie it is most perfect, which is on the south-west side, the
internal height of the vallum is not more than six feet, and the
external, fifteen. At the east north-east it is nuich depressed at the
distance of a hundred paces. It then disappears for a short distance.
When wo again come to it, it is still lowered, but twenty feet across
it. The oriyinal entrance is twenty feet wide, and lies on the south
south-east side of the hill.

The object of the works upon the.se three eminences was the same,
for though there are but few indications of circles upon the present
spot, yet what actually exists gives sullicient evidence to lead us to
this conclusion. I do not see any reason against sup[)osing that these
remains, and all similar ones, such as enclosures u])on mountains
where Carnes, and Circles, and (Jrondechs are found, had a twofold
intention. They were ])artly devoted to reliijlous and partly to
stpulchral. uses. If we look at the present condition of our places of
worship, we observe both these objects united, and a temple used for
sacred purposes is generally accompanied by a spot consecrated for
the sepulture of the worshippers. The .same castom in all probability
prevailed at the remotest jjeriod, and though we have no proofs that
all these remains were alike devoted to religious ends, yet both
Crondechs and Carnes, whenever thoroughly examined, have indicated
a funereal occu[)ation. 'I'o what precise object the Circles were des-
tined, it is diliicult to say. All that we can p(^sitively tell about them
is, tiiat they abound wherever we meet witii the two other kinds of
moiuiments, so that let tiieir ])urpose have been what it might, the
three cannot be separated, it seems most natural to tliink that
these circles liud either a religious or a sepulchral application, or both

30 TITTERSTONE CAMP ,VND OTHKRS.

united. Within che enclosure under notice there is; additional illus-
trdtiou utl'orded to strengthen such an hypothesis. "We see, for
instance, a larye Carne at the south-east point, and another still lar'-er
and higher at the west, whilst we recognise the broken circumferences
of three or four Circles, coiupo.sed of single stones, and nearly forty
feet in diunicter, in their ininiedi;ite contiguity. There is also u
singular nioinid two yards liigh and fifty in breadth, nearly uj;on the
loftiest part of the hill. It is not unlike Catr Bnhi Castle \ii Sancrtd,
figured in liorlase's Natural llistoii/ of Cornwall, p. 34G, thou'di
without the internal circles of stone. Originally there must h.ive
been a vast many other objects of the same nature upon the Titter-
stone, which are now covered, and it is to be feared that in the course
of a few years even all these remains will be eflaced by an accumula-
tion of turf. 6'alojjia Antiqnu, pp. 28, 29

ABDON liUUF.

Abdon Burf is the most elevated of those three Shropshire moun-
tains which are usually termed the Brown C'lee J Jills or the Clee
Hills. They are res[K'ctively called Abdon Burf, or the Barf • the
Clee Burf; and the Titterstone. The preseut one derives its distin-
guishing appelative of Abdon from having that little village at its
foot. It is dithcult to say how the name Burf or Barf, as the lower
orders call it, originated. I am inclined to think that it was acquired
in consequence of the vast wall of stones which surrounds its sunjmit •
in the same way as the Clee Burf takes its title from the C. Brit.
IStiarth, an enclosure.^ Bar. in ('. I'rit. Ir. Corn, and Gael, si'ajifies
a sunnnit, or the top, but the former derivation seems the better as
applying more closely to the extraordinary remains which are found
upon this eminence. On the same principle the remains on Staijeley
Hill, hereafter mentioned, are called .Mitchell's I'^old. They are of
such remote antiipiity, so extensive, and possessing such a liigh dei^ree
of interest, that it is surprising they should iiitherto have e.-^caped the
attention of the topographer and antiquarian.

The summit of Abdon Burf is encircled by a Vallum of dii stone, as
Basalt is termed by the Salopians, from the C. Brit. Gael. Arm. (W,
niger, which encloses from twenty to thirty acres. This vallum is
sixty-five feet wide at its base on the south-east side, and is beyond
all dis[aite an artificial construction, inasmuch as there is not a stone
visible larger than a man would be able to lift. Across its crest it is
eight feet witle, and twelve feet high above the interior level of the
hill. In some parts externally it falls as much as fifty feet, and

» Till If .lie twu fortresses uf the Aii^lo-S.ixuii period, one near Bascluucli, the
oliur just oil the out.si{lc of .Slnoji.-sliui', near Merc, Ci.lli'il the Jhrtli, hd\A'\ in
ullu.siuii lo llair licinj^ viicio.scd. An emincni'o two miles houtli of titoiuiMJit is
callcil the Hiuf. Hiirva Hank, u lar^'o encanijinKnt close lo Knill, to. luuhior.
Berth Hill, enst Gadbury Uunks, in Glouce.'iteit.hire.

TITTERSTONE CA^VfT AND OTHERS. 31

excepting where a modern entrance has been made, and made, too,
with considerable trouble, it is even now a barrier arduous to sur-
mount. The enclosed iirea is of an oval form, mcasurinj^ from north
to south one thousand three hundred and seventeen feet, and at the
widest jioint from east to west six liundrud antl sixty feet. A modern
wall has been built alonji.- jjart of the nortii-cast side, as a boundary
of property, and a few pits have been sunk at different times within
the great enclosure for the sake of getting coal.

At the north-west ])oint a (,'arnedd rises eight feet above tlie level
of the hill, standing upon a base that is sixty feet in diameter. There
is the appearance of a (^arnedd on the east side, where a road ter-
minates that crosses the enclosure. 15ut as the Vallum was here at
least the thickness of sixty feet at its base, probably the stones have
been removed for the purpose of making the ])resent road, and
Avhether it was originally a Carnedd or not, it is now difhcult to
ascertain. The appearance is evidently mmatural, but from what
causes we can only say from conjecture; there are marks of another
Carnedd below the Vallum on the same side. The whole of the
surface of the south end of Abdon liuvi is covered with blocks of
IJisalt, generally of a small size near the road, with one exception,
Avhich will be alluded to hereafter, b\it as wc get nearer to the southern
edge of the Vallum they arc more ponderous, and lie scattered in
greater disorder and confusion. These things cannot be accounted
for satisfactorily by geologists, although the same marks are visible
ujjon the two other ( 'lee Hills. It is manifest that all these enclosures
are artificial, and that however nuich volcanic agency was exerted at
a remote time, it had nothing to do with the present ai>pearance of
the Vallum around each, nor with the circles wdiich are contained in
their area. Perha])s it is needless to say thus nuich, but the idea has
))een suggested by the belief that some ])eople knowing the geological
features of the hills, without having seen the remarkable monuments
existing upon their surface, would refer them at once to natural
causes, and woiild conclude that the art and labour of man had nothing
to do with iheir collocation.^ . . . Ujion e.xiimiiiing the southern end
of Abdon 1*111 f the surface is found to be partially covered with lajge
blocks of i'asait, which would be asctribable to natural causes, did wc
not observe among the confusion three or four circles like those on
the other side of the roa 1. The first object of importance that meets
the eye, is a huge block of tlu stone, measiiring six feet four inches
long, four feet six inches across, and three feet high. l''rom its great
size the men who woik on the hill call it tlii' /lin-j' 'rrickliiKj. It is
not impi'obablc that this word is dcrivcil fiom the S. (loth. f//y/7, or
//'////, iiigciis, gr.ivi,'<, (Vci'cl. in Indie) thiii(/)\ plus i|u:im poluit;
th.'it is, a mass so pdiidcriHis that with the utmost dillicultv it could

' It is not (loi'iMC<l iicccesary to rcinod'.icc Mr. HirLsIiortif's claliriiMlr ar^'u-
iiieuts ill f'lvoiu' ol'liis view of llicso liciii'? Dniidicid iiuiuiu.s.

32 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

be moved. ^ In any other locality, or unaccompanied by the appear-
ance already adverted to, it would not be considered remarkable,
unless it were for its magnitude. But findini; it here, fancy immed-
iately leads us to think tliat it was placed in its present situation for
some object or otlier. The most likely use for it was the top stone of
a cromlech ; yet to show how perfectly valueless :>ve mere conjectures, I
will state that this has been entirely disproved by my own operations.
The first time I saw the stone in ipiestion, I felt disposed to think
it formed part of a cromlech ; I conceived it might be such, though I
was not so wedded to my imagination as to pronounce that it actually
belonged to that class. The labour of a couple of workmen for an
hour or two last autuuni undeceived me, and have left us still to seek
out what was its real use, if it ever had any. For having undermined
the stone, they came upon such a foundation as clearly showed that
it could at no time have been supported by upright stones at its
angles, os such sepulchral monuments usually are.

The whole of the south-western siile of the hill presents marks of
disorder and destruction ; the stones, which are much larger here
tlian at the other end, seem to have tumbled down, rather than to lie
scattered by the influence of natural causes, while there is a certain
degree of order visible amid the confusion. At the extreme point, in
a slight hollow, an unhewn stone lies prostrate, wiiich bears the nauie
of the OiiDit's Shaft. It is eight feet ten inches long, two feet four
inches square at the base, gradually diminishing to one foot eight
inches. As has been already remarked, the whole of the southern
end of the hill has its surfa'ie mucli disturbed. 'J\vo or three circles
may be distinctly traced, but besides them, everything is overthrown
and disarranged. Yet amid the catastrophe, it is not, I think, assum-
ing too much, if we express our conviction that this luihewn stone,
or Mufu hir, was formerly jilaced upright, and that it served nn in-
tention similar to the one at C/oi/i /i/ychan {<.)y. Llanbnlr, Kd.), a
small village lying betwixt l5armoutli and Harlech, close by the road
Hide ; or like those seen ligured by l?orlase^ and (yoxj.- Salojna
Ant it [IK (, p. 3, et hpij.

NOKDY BANK.

Nordy ]>ank is a Roman station midway betwixt the Clee Burf and
the little village of Clee St. Mai'garet. It is by far the niost perfect
work of the periud with which I am acquainted. The shape inclines
to an oval, thouuh the boundary lines are all straight, and it may
with greater correctness be said to be a j)arallelogram having the

> I'l'iiis (Icriviitioii ui)poiir,s to bo iiimisii);,'ly far fetched. Tlio " iiitin wlio work
on lliu liill" tiriiply iqnilicd to tliis litr^o sioiio, the hiuuc lonii uh tiioy woiiM
li.ivc fi|i|)li('(l to III! .stoiKJs tlint wore scittiTeil about tliu hill, viz., such as liad
rolled (h)Wii or llowii down, ic. , trickled down -a eoninion ex|tre.ssi()n among
tlu!ni. in tlii.s juut ol' ShropHliire drojipiiif^s of Sliecpare ctillud Slroo]i'.s tricklinf^s.
\'idi' iMi«s .liKdison's .S'A/'o//v/(/rr Wnid-iiiKtl.-, j), I"),'}.]

• .\iili(j. of Coniii'd//, |i. Uil. " 7',inr in !\luniiiiiiillisliin\ v. ii., p. ,'(^3.

TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS. 33

angles rounded. From west to east it is two hundred and ten paces,
and from north to south a hundred and forty-four. A single fosse,
twelve feet wide, surrounds tlic whole. From a cutting made at the
south-east end, it is seen that the vallum is twenty-six feet wide at
its base, and si.x across its crest. 'I'he interior slope is twelve feet,
the scarp eighteen, and she counter-scarp six. There are four gorges
or openings due north, the original ones being at the east and west.

The situation of Nordy Bank was a very important one for the
Romans to occupy, as it gave them the command of Corve Dale,
whilst at the same time, being entrenched here, they lay so close upon
the Clee Hill valley on the southern side of the Burf, as in a certain
degree to command access to that also.

Had no other reasons been already given for the supposition that
Abdon Burf was a religious enclosure and not a defensive one, I think
the existence of this very perfect Roman work immediately below it
would render it probable ; for had the Britons been in possession of
the enclosure above, the Romans would hardly have placei themselve.s
in an inferior and commanded situation, one that could so readily
have been assaulted.

It is conceived that the road from Wroxeter or the Devil's Causeway,
terminated here, passing from Rushhayy over Roman Jiank, and thence
through Huiujerfard and Tugford. Salopia Anti</U((, p. 151.

NORTON CAMP.

The position chosen by Ostorius at Whettleton was in every respect
an important one, and it shows that the great ]jrinciples of strategy
have been the same in all ages. It had the command of observation
of four valleys, Corve Dale, Ape Dale, the Stretton Valley, and that
leading to Brandon (^amp, near Leintwardinc. It was a means of
securing a safe retreat for the Roman forces in case they should be
driven back, whilst it would also secure them in the possession of all
the ])lain as far as Ludlow, and even beyond it. {Ibid, ]>. 73). It is a
(juadrangular work, built on a considerable eminence, having two valla,
the enclosed area being about two hundred and twenty jjaces square.
The chief entrance is on the ea.stern side, and a modern one has been
made at the north-west corner. In consequence of the whole of this
eminence having been planted, I found it extremely difficult to get a
good section of the works ; but as far as 1 could make them out, the ba.se
of the interior vallum was forty feet, and the width acro.S3 its crest
twelve. The escarj) of the interior vallum was twenty feet ; width of
fosse twelve ; counter-scarp eight. The cscar]) of exterior vallum
was eight feet, breadth of fosse about the same, and the width of the
crest twelve. There was a very ra])id natural fall towards the west,
where it is nearly inaccessible. 1 imagined that there were other
marks of vallation on the eastern side, where the ground is not so
precipitous, but owing to the rising jilantaticMis they had become un-
certain and indistinct.

Vol. III., 2nd S. -E

34 TITTERSTONE CAMP AND OTHERS.

The Wailing Street from Uriconium to Bravinium runs underneath
the western side, and as the distance from Uriconium to Bravinium,
in the twelfth Iter of Antoiiius, and also in the thirteenth of Richard,
where it bears the name of Brannogenium, exactly agrees with it, I
make no scruple in assigning Bravinitim to Brandon Camp near
Leintwardine. Salojna Antiijua, p. 153.

CLEE BUIIF.

The neighbouring mountain (i.e. to Ahdon Burf) known under the
name of the Clce Burf, bears most evident signs of having been
appropriated to the same puri)Osesas Ahdun Burf and the Titterstone.
Tliey are all surrounded with a vallum of stone, though in the cases
of the Titterstone and the CU-c Burf the mound is not by any means
so high or formidable, nor arc the circles so numerous and distinct.
The valluui runs tolerably clear round the north side of the Clee Burf,
though it is much depressed, and there may still be discerned two or
more circles in the enclosiu'e, although coal pits liave greatl}' defaced
its original character. The works upon these three eminences are
without doubt ascribable to the same period, and I believe the like
causes give them existence. They nmst be considered entirely
devotional and sepulchral in their object.

It is probable that these places, at a very remote period, were of
considerable fame, and forming, as tliey do, the highest and the first
elevations that occur in journeying from the eastern side of the
kingdom to the west, they marked the district with a character of
peculiar sanctity. Such vast jnonumcnts of hill wor.shi[j must
naturally have tended to invest the region in which they are with a
peculiar degree of religious celebrity ; and if there be any value hi
l*'tyniology, as subsidiary proof, it may be inferred that the inhabi-
tants of this part of J^higland were in consequence called Cornavii, or
dwellers in the Sacred countri/, from the Pha-nician cor a district, and
naom holy, pronounced Cornav ; tlie country belonging to the Priest-
liood, the holy or consecrated country. In the same manner as the
peo|jle who occupied the nortii and west of Cornwall were called
Carnahii,^ and the inhabitants of Caithness Cornavii, from tiie cir-
ciunstancc of these comities being tlie seat of Druidic worship.
Salojria A7i(i</ua, p. 21.

COXWELL KNOLL.

[Tliat which Mr. Hart.shornc h;is to say about the physical features
of Coxwell Knoll is mixed up with his discussion of the question
as to which British camp in this district was the scene of the last

1 f llartslioriie lu'i-u liiiH a footnote a.s follows : — " Ami tlu-sc liills hpciu foru'erly
to li.ivii tiiulilionally bci ii cniisidiT.d .smicil, lor Lelaiid .says, ' Ole liill.s Ix- Imly
ill Siirniisliirc. Tciulu llivor (liviilcllic tl'cni IVom .sum part ol' WoiV( !*l('i.sliiro, Imt
I'nim Slii()[)-iliiio by the more pailr <if the Kiji.'.' " It is ijiiite olivious that oiii-
author lius mistaken Leland's word "holy," wliicli was meant for u-hollij in
Shropsliire.]

TITTEIISTONE CAMP AND OTUEHH. 35

stand of Caractacus, a subject of the deepest interest, but one not
admitting- of satisfactory proof. A few short extracts are all that we
can venture to j^ive.]

Coxwell Knoll is not in itself so commanding and important a
position as the Britons usually chose, neither is it marked by the
acclivities and ])recipitous descents with which they are generally
characterised. It is an oblong eminence, containing about twenty
acres, of no very great altitude above the surrounding plain, girt by
double mounds and ditches, which, according to constant custom,
follow the natural outline and fall of the hill. However, there is one
peculiarity that makes this work remarkable, and totally unlike any
other example of castramentation in the whole chain of these Border
Forts.

Here it may not be out of place to remark that the common
principle of laying out entrenchments was extremely simple. A
situation having been fixed upon, most commonly very elevated, in-
sulated, and naturally advantageous to its possessors, the ground was
then encircled with double fosses and volla. These were invariably
adapted to the precipe nature of the situation, and as often dispensed
with as tlie locality offered any defence in itself. Yet here we find
a SOI t of double cam[), as though one i)art had grown out of the other.
Thus the east end is of an irregular semi-circular form, partly in con-
sequence of the devious outline of the hill on its eastern and northern
sides; the west end, or larger i)art, is a well proportioned ellipse,
separated from the other by a fosse of great depth, which seems like a
natural ravine. It serves now as a boundary line between Hereford-
shire and Shropshire. The summit of the eminence having been
j)lantcd for several years, it has become difficult to trace the works
with satisfaction and accuracy. As far as I could make them out,
double ditches went from the southern to the northern side of the
first mentioned division ; whilst its western side had the natural fall
to which allusion has already been made. The second division had a
double ditch on the southern, and a treble ditch on the northern
side. Sa/oiiia Antiqua, 52-55.

1S12431

CHESTERTON. -•.»-' -^♦^^ *-»-■-

[The completeness of Mr. Lmes' description of this oamjj renders it
lumecessai'y to give Hartshorne's, which in the main agrees tlicrewith.
The following is the last-named author's conclusion as to the people
to which the camp should be roferrod.]

It is not improbable that t'hosterton was a position licld by both
Britons and Romans. Originally it might have been constructed as
an outpost by the former nation, who were subsequently exj)elled
from it when the lattei advanced from the line of frontier camps
which they had formed between the Avon and the Severn. Sahpia
Aul/t/uu, p. IGO.

irj "■ ti^ ^

36

THE WILL OF WULFGATE, OF DONNINGTON.

By W. H. DUIGNAN

We have comparatively few ADglo-Saxoii charters
relatnig to Shro})shire, probably on account of its late
yettlement, and 1 am not aware that the county, at
present, claims title to a single Anglo-Saxon Will. The
Will of Wulfgate, " Harley Charter, 83, A. 2," and
"Facsimiles of Ancient Charters in the British Museum,
Part IV, No. 42 " appears to me to be clearly a Shrop-
shire document, it is true that there are many Don-
ningtons in England ; but the will contains internal
evidence that the testator resided at Donnington, near
Albrighton, in Salop. Pie describes himself " at Don-
nington," and the brewing of mult, whicli is to go half
from Donnington and half from Cylles-hale (Kilsall),
shows that he had households at both places, Kilsall
being probably then, as now, a farm. Tlie be(piests to
Tong and Penkridge, and devises of pro[)erty at lloden,
Ingwardine, and Wrottesley are also strong evidence
of locality. Cylles-hale, or Kilsall, is a rare name, I
think unique.

The question arises, who was Wulfgate ''. The name,
frequently written ** Wulfgeat," was not unconmion
among the Anglo-Saxons. The will, as usual without
date, a})pears to be in the style of writing in vogue
about the commencement of the eleventh century, and
is classed among the chartei's of that period. We find
" Wulfgeat Minister" subscribing a charter of Ethelred's
Anno 98(3 (Cod. Dipl. iii., 224^, and similarly, two other
charters in 1005 (Cod. Dipl iii., 345, and vi., 154).
In yjG he subscribed as " Wllgct dux " (Cod. Dipl. vi.,
13G). Florence of Worcester says, under a.d. lOOG,

THE WILL OF WULFGATfi OF DONNINGTON. 37

*' King Ethelred stripped Wulfgeat, son of Leofsy, his
principal favourite, of liis estates and honours, on
account of liis unrighteous judgments, and arrogant
deeds," The A.S. Chronicle, under that year, says :■ —
" And in the same year I'rom Wulfgeat was all his
property taken." In 1015, Ethelred grants to Briht-
wold, Bishop of Worcester, property at Chilton, in
Berkshire, and the charter says, (translated) : — " For a
certain minister, named in the common speech, Wulfget,
formerly possessed the afoi-esaid land, but because he
joined himself as a companion to the King's enemies in
treason, and in committing crime, the satisfaction of the
law was lacking in hhn, therefore he lost entirely the
land of his inheritance, and for that reason the before
named Bishop received from my grant the aforesaid
village." (Cod. Dtjd. vl, 170.) It appears from a
charter of 10G6 fCod. Dipl. vi., IOOG;, that Wulfgeat
married ^Igifu, the widow of /Elfgar, and that she
shared both in his crimes and in his fall. In the
Charter of Wulfrun to the Monks of Hamton (Wolver-
hampton), Wulfrun, after granting ten hides of land for
the body of her husband and for her soul, grants (trans-
lated) "to that aforesaid monastery (Hamton), and in
another convenient place, another ten hides for the
offences of Wulfgeat my kinsman, lest he should hear
in the judgment to be dreaded from the severe judge,
"go away from me, I hungered and thirsted, and so on,
because he is blessed who shall eat bread in the king-
dom of God." Wulfrun, at the time of her munificent
gifts to Wolverhampton, was probably living in the
vicinity, and as Wulfgate was living at Donnington,
six miles from Wolvcihampton, about tlie })eriod ot the
grant, it is not unlikely that he was the Wulfgeat of
her charter. The "offences" she refers to might
be the ordinary sins of humanity, as he did not
fall under tlio King's displeasuie until nine years
alter. It is possible, however, that his misconduct may
have been of long contiiuianco, and known to Wulfrun.
It may be observed that if Wulfgate was deprived

38 THE WILL OF WULKGATE OP DONNINGTON.

of " all his property," he would not be likely to possess
so much as is comprised in the will. But the charter
of 1015 says that "he lost entirely the land of his
inheritance." He may therefore have been allowed to
retain that which he had personally acquired, or he may
have been partially restored to Iloyal favour ; and his
reference to his lord (the king) rather supports that
view.

I think there can be no doubt that the "Dunnintune"
of the will is Donnington, near Albrighton, and that
there is good reason to believe that the testator was
Ethelred's favourite, and probably the kinsman of
Wulfriin.

That there was some connection between Wulfrun
and the " minister " Wulfgeat is hardly to be doubted.
They were both of high rank, and probably of royal
blood. The A. S. Chronicle, under the year 943, tells
us :— " Olaf " (the Danish King of Northumbria) "took
Tamworth by storm, and great slaughter was made on
either side ; and the Danes had the victory, and led
away great booty with them : there, during the pillage
was Wulfrun taken." Wulfgeat appears to have been
minister, not only to Ethelred, but also to Ethelred's
father, King Edgar. In 963 Edgar grants to his
"minister, Wulfget, for his most faithful service" (inter
alia) land at " Ernlege " (Upper Arley on Severn),
Chart. Sax. iii., 333. Wulfrun, somehow acquired this
property, and in 994 granted " Ernlege " to the monks
of Hampton .

The original will is beautifully written on vellum,
17 inches long, and 3^] inches deep. The word '' Cyro-
grafvm " at tlie top is cut through, showing that it
was executed in duplicate. Endorsed, in a contem-
porary hand, are the words " wulfgeates croide " (will).
The following is a translation of the will by Mr. W. H.
Stevenson, of Morton Oollege, Oxford, to which T
venture to add, in notes, my opinion of the places
rcrerriul to, and some additional notes by Mr.
Stevenson : —

THE WILL OF WULFGATE OF DONNINGTON. 39

CYROGRAFVxM.

This is Wulfgates will at Dunnintun, That is then that he
grants first to God his soul-scots that is 1 hide at TaBrdebicgan^
k. 1 pound of pennies & vi Ov' twenty freed men for his soul ; &
to \\'igeraca3stre- a browing of malt, half from Dunnintune,
half from Cylles-hale f & to Saint .Etlielbriht^ half a pounds
worth ; & to Saint Guthlac^ half a pounds worth ; & to Leo-
mynster° iiii old beasts ; & to Bromgeard^ i beast : another
to Ciiftun f & to Heantun" iiii beasts; & to Pencric^^ ii
beasts ; & to Tweongan'^ ii beasts. And he grants forgiveness
to each of those who have offended against him, for his soul's
behoof; & he grants one year's gavel to his men as a gift ; as
they enjo}' the property so that they pay the alms that pertain
to the land there. Ami he grants to his lord^- ii horses &
ii swords & iiii shields & iiii spears & x mares with x
colts. And he prays his lord for God's love that he be his
wife's friend k his daughter's. And he grants his wife the land
at Cylles-hale & at Eownigladc/^ & at Wrodene^^ the while her
day be ; k after her day tlie land shall go again to my kin that
arc nearest. And to "Wulfgyfu my daughter the land at Dun-

1 Tanlcbigg, Worceatersliiro
- ^Vorccster.

2 Kcl^;all, ne;u- Donnington.

■» Piob;.l)ly Hereford Catlicdral, of which St. Ethelbriglit is tlie
patron saint.

•' I'robably the I'liory of St. (iuthlac, at Hereford.

*^ Leominster.

" Bromyard.

s Clifton Camville, near Tamworth.

•' I*eiha|).s Haunton, a hamlet in CHfton Camville ; possibly Hainton
(Wolverhampton). Most Hamptons, when traced to the root, prove
to be " Hciin-time," high town.

1" Tenkridge.

" Tonge, near Honnington. In the Will of Wnlfric, the fonnder of
Ihu-ton Al)bey, A.i). 1004, it is '"J'wongan." The "an " is the sign of
the weak dative case ; and hence the nominative is either Twonga or
Tivonqe, acconling to its gender.

^'- I :i.ssnme his lord was King Ethelred. It was the custom to make
bequests to the King, for the purpose of assuring recognition of the
will, there hcing no general right to devise lan(b

'■^ MvcnliMb;, in (illoucesteishii-e. 'J'l.e spelling of this place-name
evidcnlly |h'I plcxcd scribes. In Charier 'JO*.), Chnii. Sit.r., it is
" i'lunlangclade," and in Charter I3.'j8, Ibid. " l']owonge'ad."

1* Iloden, near High Ercall, Saloj).

40 THE WILL OK WULFGATE OF DONNINGTON.

nintun as it stands, & at Thornbyrigi^ the land that was with
her motlier's gold bought of Le'ofnoth. And to Wulfgyfu ray
daughter's son the land at Ingevvyrthe.^" And to Wilfled my
daughter the second hide at Ticrdebicgan. And to iElfild my
kinswoman the hide beneath the wood as she and I put it in
pledge ; & if I live longer tlian her, then have I the land at
Wrotteslea.^'' And all who take to my possessions shall pay
to Brun xx gold mancusses. And I grant him vi mares with
vi colts as thanks. And the horses that be there at food^^
between my wife & my daughters^^ equally between them ; &
the weUhic-^ at the wick at Dunnintun. And dear /l^^thelsige
make this known to my lord & all my friends.

^* Thornbury, near Bromyard.

^*'' Ingwardiue, Salop. Tlie terminations " wyrthe," "worth,"
" worthyn," and " wanline," are synonyms, and, in Shropshire, have
generally siu-vived as " wardinc."

^" Wrottesley, near Donnington.

'^^ Literally " to loaf " {tu hlafc). This meaning is strained. It is
probably a mistake for to hiUu the phtase henn to lafe, " to remain/'
being in common use.

^'■^ The original is oiiinre dohtran, " to my {sing.) daughters " {jjL) It
is apparently intended to be plural, as it is eallnm gelice fela, " to all
equally as much."

-" This is clearly a derivative of the verb weallan, " to spring, boil,"
and hence means " spring " or " we'l." As wic means a saltpan, it is
])robal)le that wellinc means here a brine-spring; but 1 am not awai'C
of liiiy trace of a brine-s])riiig at Donnington.

z^

-3

:w8t)urr. 1774.

a perspective View ct tbc CutlO Iball. Sbrcwsburr- i""-^-

Taken from an Ancunt Drawing.

VV

BAILIFFS' ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY
FROM MAY, 1275, TO APRIL, 1277.

BUILDING OF THE GREAT HALL, ''A CERTAIN
HOUSE," kc, &c.

Thanscribki) AXi) Edited by the Rev. C. H. DRINKWATKR, M.A,,

VicAu OF St. Geokok'.s, Shrewsbury.

A ilEy^DTNCi like the above cannot fail to be an attractive
one. It may lead our readers to expect very interes-
ting- information. Most people would like to learn
what circumstances led to the erection of these two
buildings, why one site was chosen in preference to any
other, and what were the plan, size, and proportions of
each. But as no information of this sort is afforded, all
such ])articulars must be left to conjecture, and in these
respects the heading is liable to mislead, yet such a
heading is Ibund upon the roll itself Tlie roll, which
is transcribed below, is mainly composed of memoranda

Vol. III. 2nd S7 F

42 BAILIFFW' ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSliURY.

of payments made to workmen for wages, and to
tradesmen and merchants for materials, in regard, not
merely of the Great Hall and the Certain House, but
of repairs of posterns, gates, and bridges; together
with the expenses arising from the entertainment of
distinguished visitors, the cost of journeys to Parlia-
ment, and other contingencies of a like nature, which
fell upon the gjowing community of the town of Salop,
at a very stirring period of our national history, for the
new King Edward had, at the very beginning of his reign,
set himself to bring the whole of the island under his
own sway, and to force both Scots and Welsh to
acknowledge his supremacy.

These memoranda are moreover set forth with a pro-
lixity and minuteness which rather repels than invites
perusal, and yet they are meagre enough in spite of their
prolixity. An incident is alluded to, about which the
expenditure o^ a line or two of manuscript would have
entitled the writer to the gratitude of nineteenth
century readers, but it is dismissed in half a dozen
words or less. This meagreness, it will be seen, results
from the very nature of the record, which was not, we
should bear in mind, to furnish after aires with historical
or topographical notes, but only to satisfy the legitimate
ciu'iosity of those burgesses whose money was being
expended, whose conunerce was being fostered, and
whose property was being protected; while the y)rolixity
arises from the necessity of entering every payment in
the order of its occurrence.

Notwithstanding these apparent drawbacks, the
accounts are of nuich value, they furnish perhaps but
a dim outline of the manners and customs of a past age,
but they enable us to contrast that age with our own,
to compare the earnings of handicraftsmen and labourers
and the cost of materials with tliose of subscrpient times,
and tliey display, infcrciiitially indeed, but none the less
truly, how the inhabitants of a town, lor nigh 200 years
not nuich more than the ap])anago of a border fortress,
gradually emancipated themselves from feudal tyranny,

BAILIFFS* ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY. 43

and attained to a sturdy independence by devoting their
energies, not only to local manufactures, but to foreign
commerce as well.

The prolixity of these accounts might also seem to be
a bar to their publication iii extoiso, but it is not easy
to see how tliey could have been abridged without loss.
The most trivial items have some value, and if they had
been omitted, the omission would have subjected the
transcriber to the cliarge of having selected only that
which suited his own taste ; and some readers, may be,
would have enquired why one particular was omitted
and another retained. Besides, we may naturally hope
that in the course of years all the more important
of our town's archives will be printed, and it would not
therefore be advisable at the outset to make an abstract
which would require perhaps to be supplemented at a
future day.

For similar reasons, the abbreviations have for the
most part been extended, (the contractions being only
retained in words that are questionable), in order that
all readers may enjoy equal facilities. The addition of
footnotes giving proofs, explanations, and references,
cannot fail to render the whole roll more profitable to
the student of local history.

The text has been very carefully co])ied, all indistinct
and difficult words have been many times scrutinized,
and no word accepted without full authority. A few
words only aio still marked doubtful (() and these are
left to the possessors of better eyes and more matured
experience. To show that nothing has been lightly
accepted, one or two instances may be found in which
it is plain that the historians of Shrewsbury, who most
probably had [)erused this vei-y roll, were slightly in
error. If they did not misunderstand the writing, they
]nay have used another copy. One instance niay suffice.
Where Momeri/ and Fulconi aj)pear in the MS., they
read Somcrij and Fnltoni, the first word rightly, for it
was a clerical error, the second wrongly^ lor it is un-
mistakably Fulconi. (See note 101.)

44 bailiffs' accounts of Shrewsbury.

Of the translation which is appended it may be pre-
mised that it is merely a rendering of the Latin, not
an elaborate or scholarly production, but a rendering
sufficiently accurate for the purpose. In the text there
are a number of peculiar words and phrases for which
no exact equivalent can now be adduced, and a few
others which have defied all attempts to unravel their
meaning. They are not found in any existing glossary
and are probably technical words used by the artisans
of that period which the scribe Latinized as best he
might. The scribes of the thirteenth century were not
adepts in either grammar, philology, or orthography.
The local dialect seems to have been a miiKjIe-mangle
of Welsh, Norman-French, and Anglo- iSaxon, which the
scribes, in certain cases, for want of an equivalent, were
forced to make look as much like Latin as possible, but
as they were not classical scholars, we shall find rules
of syntax very generally neglected, spelling not redu-
cible to any fair standard, prepositions and cases com-
bined at random, and the science of numbers used
arbitrarily. Mr. Eyton says, " Anglo-Saxon law-clerks
were in no case very studious of a consistent ortho-
graphy, but the spelling of Welsh proper names seems
to have been a subject of more than usual caprice."
{Glossary, vol. xii.) This language is pointed enough,
but he might have made it more so without fully de-
scribing their eccentricities. Mr. J31akeway speaks
disparagingly of their arithmetic, and as we peruse
these memoranda, we are forced to agree with both
these learned writers. If our thirteentli century borough
accounts were ever audited, the auditor had no sinecure,
the suinma tottalis beino- verv seldom in agreement
with the items composing it.

For the notes appended to each page the reader's
indulgence is begged. If books of reference had been
within reach, and abundance of leisure secured, ihey
might have been made more useful, but such as they
are, tliey cannot fail to throw a little light U])on the
persons and things referred to. Authorities have for

BAILIFFS ^\CCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY. 45

the most part been given, and only omitted when the
statements seemed of minor importance. For the
elucidation of difficulties help has been sought fiom
many quarters, and very cheerfully rendered, and thanks
are due to the liev. Prof. Skeat, Dr. Ca.lvert, Mr. G.
F. Kenyon (of the Briti:di Museum), Mr. C. C. Walker,
of Lilleshall, and the Kev. W. G. D. Fletcher, for tlieir
valuable assistance.

From this it will be seen that all doubtful words and
expressions left untranslated axid unexplained are really
difficulties per se, which it is no shame to leave to the
wider experience and greater skill of future investiga-
tors, perhaps better qualified for the task.

This Gild-Hall, built in 1275, 6, remained till 1452, a
period of nigh 200 years, which speaks well for the skill
and honesty of the men who erected it. J trrij -building,
the disgrace of our own day, had not at that early
period even an embryonic existence. Alan Bil, the
clerk of the works, with his half dozen of carpenters, of
masons, of plasterers, of paviours, of labourers, did good
work, of which succeeding generations of burgesses may
have been proud ; but his only reward is the record of
his name and office in an obscure parchment roll now
for the first time printed for the edification of nineteentJi
century archa3ologists. " In the reign of Edw. ij the
Boothe Halle (for it had reverted to its old name) was
seized by the King under pretence of its having been
erected illegally. The burgesses pleading that tlie
powers of their charter enabled them to improve the
town in any way they might deem expedient, the Halle
was restored to them." In 30 Hen. VI. (a.d. 1452)
" Forty marks out of the town stock were allowed to-
wards the erection of a new Hall ; the old one to l)e
pulled down and a new one to be built with a tower
over the exchecpier." This Boothe- 1 J alio (still so called)
was re-edilied in 22 Hen. Vlll. (a.i;. 1581), and this
was [)robably the building which, remaining till A.D.
1781, is shown in the vignette annexed, which is the
same as the one given in Blakeway's SJierijfs. It will

46 bailiffs' accounts of Shrewsbury.

be seen to have been'' a large bat low timber building,
with a clock turret, which stood acroiis the Square^'
at right angles to the present Market House at the
east end. *' The rooms on the ground floor were let out
for shops, and a covered passage for carriages made a
communication between the Square and the High street.
Over these shops was a low room called the Hall,"
which was 63 feet by 25,5 feet, " in which the assizes,
sessions, and other courts were held."

That the thirteenth century Hall was of similar
fashion, though not perhaj)S so large, we may not doubt.
It stood on the same site and was built of similar
materials, but we have, as I have already remarked, no
record whatever of its plan or its dimensions. We
might indeed reckon up roughly the cost of the timber
and other materials used in its construction, but even
then not come to a satisfactory conclusion, inasmuch as
part of the materials of the old Bothe-llall, which pre-
ceded it, were used over again. It was largely com-
posed of timber, but stone was also used. Carts carry-
ing stones, even large stones, lanjos lapides, are men-
tioned; the substructure therefore may have been of
stone. Wo arc indebted to two words for the fact that
there was a s})ace, if not separate chambers, under the
Hall, suhter A.u1a3 (see note 174a), which space was
closed by doors locked or bolted. This was probably
the ground iloor appropriated to the storage of mer-
chandise, as had been the case in the old Bothe-IIall.
The chamber on the first floor, approached by a flight
of steps from the forum, would have been as large as
the site allowed, and if there were a narrow street at
one end, 55 or GO feet would have been the utmost
possible length, with a breadth of perhaps 25 to 27 feet ;
not by any means a contemptible room at that period.
We may not suppose that the building had another
story, or that other rooms were altaclied to it. To
have b('(Mi (»!" t wo .stori(!s and to occuj)y a greater area
than the liothe-Hall, which it superseded, was suflicient
to satisfy the demands even of that age of progress.

ALBRIGHT LEE

^"^-e

Miintlf J- Jfr,

' JfttUttfnrt. T..

A SKETCH MAP

SHOWINO THt ISLAND <-r COTON
afdfhrtnrircnK ci'

SHRE\VSBURY

IWm. U:/.iptcl

CU^ Course, of Hiver ccforeci/leti

bailiffs' A(X'()UNTS of SHREWSBURY. 47

But a Certain House was also built, which took as
much time in the building and used up as much
material as the Hall itself, and what could this have
been unless it wns that house which stood not very far
from the Hall, and was in after ages called the Ex-
chequer Chamber and Green Room (agreeing room).
These two buildings were not, however, connected
together; there was possibly a very narrow street
between them. In the buildings of a.d. 1452, they
were actually connected, and that by a chamber or
corridor crossing the street, supported by pillars.
Separation of the two buildings would no doubt be
productive of great inconvenience, to find its remedy
when gradual decay necessitated the reconstruction of
both buildings

The incidental topographical allusions in this roll will
be pointed out in the notes. One of the most interest-
ing is that of the " pons sub Castello," which is identi-
fied with the bridge of Bakelar, or Bagley bridge. The
existence of this bridge over one arm of the river bears
upon the account of the battle of Shrewsbury in 1403,
and warrants the " if," which the historians of Shrews-
bury (i, 18G), use in describing Henry Hotspur's
position. Colon was tJien an island, and its bridges were
fortified and defended for the King, who, by this route
was able to dispatch a strong force to come up with
Hotspur at Berwick, and force an engagement. Whether
Thomas le Marcclial dc Bakdar, whose name occurs
several times in the roll, had any official connection with
this bridge, does not appear, but Bakdar seems to have
been a well known place, inhabited by persons whose
names are found in other documents. Near the house
of Thomas Marechal was a gate, the lock of which
required repair, and this may have been one in the wall
delendiug tlie bridge,

48

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBUKY.

SHREWSBURY BAILIFFS' ACCOUNTS FOR 1275-6-7.

UUILDING OF THE GILD HALLE, THE EXCHEQUER, S:C., &C.

Expensa}.

Liberatumburgensibus de Bur-
ton^ pro quadain coiitra-
c'one- inter eosdern bur-
genses et comrnunitatcui
villa) Salop' xl.s., Item in
alloca'cone duoruin ec|Uor-
inn apud Oxneford et Lon-
dinium, vs., Item in quadam
curialitate^ facta Johanni
de Kuokin* die dominiea
ante fostum Sancti Dun-
stani^ ijs' ix(/., Item eodcm
die (JalCrido Uandolph^ [)r()
redditii scldic xhl.

Expenses. Delivered to the bur-
S[esses of Ijurton ' in rej^ard
or a certani contract^ be-
tween tlioso burgc^sses & the
community of the town of
Salo[) 40/-, Also in the
allowance of two horses to
Oxford and London 5/-,
Also in a compliment^ paid
to John de Knokin^ on the
Sunday before the feast of
St. Dunstan^ 2/9, Also on
the same day delivered to
Gcoifroy Kandolf" iw the
rent of a shop 8/4.

1 ^''Burton." — Biutou-npon-Trent as appears in the sequel by a
payiucnt of Gs. 8tl. made to Willldvi le Strjtdnf, for conveying gold
on A]j. 1st, 1270, from the Jvxciiequor — ad (ipnandwn anrinn de
Scuccnrio I'dsu.'^ Ji niton supfr Trentton.

~ " Contraronc."— Contnict or bargain. Wh-it this was does not
appear.

^ '• Ciifia/itatc." — Courtesy or compliment, ;in entertainment of
wine, cake, itc, given by tlie burgesses to distinguished visitor.s ;
sometimes it means u gratuity or (jnitil lit y — "/ did inipfticus thy
ijvatillityr Twelfth N. ij.. 3.

■* '■'■ Joknnni de Knokin." — Probably J. le Strange, r)th lord of
Knokyu (see note 122). lie survived to 5th ]^d. ij.

^ "St. Dimstani," his deposition, May 19th.

^ '^ ff'd/frido liandolf" — Geoflrey the son of Wm. tlie sou of
llandolf, was, a few years later, a member of the Gild ^ferchant.
He was Bailiff six times between 1290 and 1323, Burgess of Parlia-
ment nine times between 1298 and 1318. He was of Woodcote, near
SherilF Hales. \Villiani Pianul])h's (or Jlandolf's) other sons were
William and Niclu)las. The family were originally tradeis of
Newport. At this time, 128;"), 0, a moiety of the Seigncury of
liictou was in (Jeoil'rey Pantlolf's hands. He is said to be a thriving
burgess of Shrewsb\u'y, for on Ma}' S, 1288, this man, styling himself
(Jeotl'rey Uandulf de Novo Burgo (Newport) of Saloj), gives to
Buildwas Abbey the cajjital messuage of tlie vill of I'ikedone, &c.
In 1291 he was actual tenant or occupant of an estate at Bicton.
in 12'J(> Ih; s\as a benefactor of the Aia/Ksliiit /''ri((rii of Shrewsbiuw,
to wliom lie assigned a ccrlain plat of ground outside /ioinlioh/t.^hdvi
poxtcrn (jdie, whereon the}' might build and thei'e dwell, (l^vton

Hud U. JC IJ.)

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

49

Expensse factse in ebdomadi
ante festum Sancti Angusti-
ni"annosupradicto^ videlicet
unocarpentario operant! cir-
ca pontem sub castello'-^ Ixd.,
Item iiij hominibus operan-
tibus circa dictum pontem
vjd., Item in meremio empto
ad dictum pontem viij(?.q\,
Item in terro em[)to xviijf/.,
Item in o[»ere cjusdein tcrri
xviij(i,Item in ij tabellis^'^ad
dictum pontem xvjiZ., Item
visitori operis^^ vjrZ., Item
in quadam curialitate facta
domino Willelmo Trum-
wino^- ij,9. ix(/., Item pro re-
parac'onecereie|)()rti.e^''juxta
tlomum Thomas ie Mare-

Expenses incurred in the week
before the feast of St.
An'gustinc^in the year afore-
said^; namely to one carpen-
ter worlcing at the bridge
under the Castle^ 9d., Also
to four men working at the
said bridge 6d., Also in tim-
ber bought for the said
bridge 8|d., Also in iron
bought 1/G, Also in working
of the same iron 1/6, Also
in two planks^*^ for the said
bridge 1/4, Also to the clerk
of the works^^ Gd., Also in
a compliment paid to Sir
William Trumwini'- 2/9,
Also for the repair of tlie
lock of the f^ate near^^ the

" ''St. Auffustini." — May 26th.

^ '■'■ Supradiclo." — The year was 1275.

^ " Pontem sub Castelh." — This was either Barley Bridge (called
Bridge of Balelar in vol. i., 196, see below note 14) or one over a
ditch to the N. of the castle (of which, however, there is no record),
but probably the former. Coton was an island more than a century
later, vi/.., in 1106 (see vol. xi., 94.) Another bridge called Fole-
brwjijc is spoken of. which was cither at the N.W. side of this island,
or loss probably at Cross Hill or Ilencote. There was a mill at
Hencote in 1180, and therefore a stream in 1285, 6. Tlie Jurors
complain, " iiiinil cursum aqure, cnrrentem ad molendinnm de Aide-
mere iwrtitur e.rtni ciirsiati suum acai^to^natnni per donhmin de Aide-
mere ad ijiave dampnum totiux coynmwiifalis villa' Salop'." Aldemere
now Alkemere or Almond Tool. > Court Roll, 9 llich. ii.)

1" " Tabellis.'' —In the Norwich Cathedral accounts this word stands
for ' slabs of worlccd stone from Caen," but this meaning will not
suit the context, belter say horizontal timbers or planks. (See also
note 126.)

11 " Visitori 02)eris." — So Alan Bil is called. He was possibly the
architect as well.

1- " Trwmvino." — Sir William, probably of the same family as the
Ediiunid Truniwyn, buried at St. Julians and connected with Roger,
Sheriir in 1307. Wm. Trumwyn held lands in '• Kannocbury and
Chrystlyn " ',now ( !heslyn) in Statlbrd;,hire, 11th Ivlw. ij., 1317,8.
(Kyton, Ac.)

13 " Porta juxta." — The situation of this postern does not appear.

Vol. III., 2nd S. 9

50

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

chaP* viijd, Item libcratum
iij. garc'onibus euntibiis
cum Tlioina de Bikedon^^
versus Loiidinium iiijs. v']d.

Expensse factae in ebdomadi
ante festum Sancti Niclio-
medis^^ anno iij°. videlicet
pro fabro iiijd,. et pro terro
empto n]d., Item pro labore
fabriicZ.ob.'Jtemcarpentario
iijc^., Item pro Alano liil
visitori operis vj^.

Expense in ebdomadi ante
pentecosten^^ anno regni
regis Ed ward i tercio, uno
garc'one custodiente portam
cumWillelmole parmonter^^
versus Abbatliiaui iij^^-,
Item garc'onibus stantibus
circum ballivis in nundinis
xviijc/,, Item in cibo et

house of Thomas the Mar-
shall^* 8d. Also delivered
to three footmen going with
Thomas de Bykedon^^ to
London 8/6.

Expenses incurred inthe week
before the feast of St. Nico-
medes^'' in the thirel year :
namely for a blacksmith ■id.,
and for iron bought 3d.,
Also for tlie work of the
blacksmith lid., Also to a
carpenter 3d., Also lor Alan
Bil, clerk of the works 6d.

Expenses in the week before
\Vhitsunday^'' in the third
year of the reign of King
Edward : To one foot-man
guarding the gate towards
the Abbey with William le
parmonter^*^ 3d,, Also to foot-
men standing before the
Bailiffs in the fairs 1/6, Also

1^ " Thomoi le Marechal." — 'J'ho7nas Maresca/l Je Bakdar appears
ill Rot. (If fwiiisevis in 1281.

1^ " Tltcvia de l>i/iedon.''—The son of Wui. de Bikedon, who, temp.
Hen. iij., held iij hides in Ijictou in the hundred of Pinihill of the fee
of St. Chad. Th. ds Bikedon was among tlie very earHcst provosts
or magistrates of the town, and twelve times Bailiff between 1273
and 1319.

^^ " *S7. Nichoviedis " the martyr, wliose day was June 1st. "He
was," says Whoatley, " a scholar of St. Peter, and for honourably
burying Felicula, a martyr, was discovered to be a Chiistiaii, and
was beaten to death with U-ailou plummets in the reign of Domitian."
Jiclics of holh Aic(mi<(/('s and lulirula were, temp. Hen. iij,, among
the treasures of the Abbey. ((). ik B, ij., 48.)

1" '' Fentecosten."—^Nlnt-iiundi\y in A.D. 1275 fell on the 2nd of
June,

^^ " Le Parmojiter." — 2\innent(trins or parinintarins, old French
■j-KiriiKiitlrr, a tailor, but iiere probably a surname. /'crinoilairus,
i.e. (/iii vesles jjorat, i.e. Oriuti. 'Tis a word often mentioned in the
Monastic, viz., 1 Tom., ]>. &S7, At nee inercator nee i/n-dtor ntc
jljeniteiitarcKfi nee eorve.rmrius non vendat, dv. \B'onnt, sub voce
permeiUarhis).

bailiffs' accounts of SHREWSBURY.

51

potu Ricardo Pryde^^ et
VVillelmo le serjanf-^'^xviijcZ.,
Item in einpc'one tabclla-
riim'^ de llugone le Duii-
fouwc^- xvj(/.., Item in allo-
cac'one uniusgarc'onis euntis
cum Thoma do Bikedon"^
apud Londini urn a nte pontc-
costen, Item Alano Bil visi-
tori operis vjc^, Item libera-
tum Alano pro diversis
expensis xijs., Item libera-
tum Willclmo le serjant'-^
die dominica ante t'estum
NativitatisSanctiJohannis-^
pro expensis suis versus
Londinium in plaeito^^ inter
Abbatem Salo[)'-'^ et com-
munitatem ejusdem x\s.,

in food and drink to Richard
Pryde^''^ and William the
Sergeant-" 1/0, Also in the
purchase of planks'-^ from
Hugh le Dunfouwe- ]/4,
Also in the allowance to one
foot-man going with Thomas
de iiikedon-'* to London be-
fore Wliitsunday, Also to
Alan Bil clerk of the works
6d., Also delivered to Alan
for ditlerent expenses 12/-,
Also delivered to William
the Serjeant'-^ on the Sun-
day before the feast of the
Nativity of St. .iohn'-^ for his
expenses to London in the
plea'-^ between the Abbot of
Salop-*^ and the community

^^ " Ricardo Pryde," son of Roger, Provost (jiy(B2)ositu$) twice temp.
Hen. iij. See Eyton vij., 186, for an instance of his importance.
(See also note 120).

20 « \Yiii(>iiiio le. strjani^' (see note 1). — Tills official is mentioned
six times. Sergeants of Place were those " qui facicnt attachianienta et
executiones omnium placitorum et qiierelarum in dicta ciiria 2}l<^ci-
torum." (Blount).

-^ " Tabelloruia." — See note 10.

-^''Hiujo le Dnnfouwe;' Bailiff in 1305, 1314, and 1318. In
1272, Hugh de Duufowe was, with others, sued by Wm. Howel and
Ncbta his wife for disseizing tiicm of a messuage and half virgate in
Alveley. Dunfuwe was a member of Astley (Abbots, near Bridg-
noftli). t>oe luidcr Morville iu Eyton i , 55, and Trans, vol. ii.,
part 1, p IB.

-^ " Thuina de Bikedon."—iiee note 15.

-■* " iVattvitaiis St. Johannia " (Baptistce). — June 24th.

^^ " Placito."— This suit may have been connected with the con-
tention between the Abbot of the burgesses, respecting the claim of
the latter to grind their corn in their own mills. (See 0. & B. i.,
129, 159, IGl ; ij., 10, 11). This contention was not entirely set at
rest till 1 328.

-^ " Abbatem Sahq-)." — This was Luke of Wenlock, who was elected
Abbot in 1271. In 1274 he left England to attend a council at
Lyons — the 14th (^.eneral Council, from 7th May to 17th July,
wherein twenty coustitutions were published concerning the elections
of bishops and the ordinations of clerks ; the Greek and Latin
churches were reunited, and many otlier canons were made, and

52

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

Item garc'oni eiinti cum
Willelmo le serjanL-^ apiid
Londinium xviijti, In qiia-
damcurialitate facta domino
Rogero de Mortuo mari de
Chirk'-^ vs. vjr^., Item uno
garc'one eunti apud Wenluk
lijVZ, Item Alano Bil visitor!
operis pro ij septimanis,
xij(Z, Item eidem A. pro
diversis expensis iiijtZ.
Expensa; factie circa pontem
Sancti Georgii'^^ in septi-
mana proxima ante festiim
translac'onis SanctiThoiiuu'^'^
anno regis E. iij. per Alanum

of the same 20/-, Also to a
foot-man going with William
the Sergeant-' to Loudon 1/6.
In a certain compliment
paid to Sir Roger Mortimer
of Chirk-^ 5/(J, Also to one
foot-man going to Wenlock
3d , Also to Alan Bil clerk
of the works for two weeks
12d. Also to the same Alan
for diherent expenses 4d.
Expenses incurreil about the
bridge of St. George-^ in the
week next before the least
of the translation of St.
Thomas^" in the third year

discusbion was held on the aftuirs of the Holy Land and the reforma-
tion of manners. (Sir H. Nicolas.) Ho returned in 1275, in February
of which year lie made several grunts and conjlrtnaliuns, purged him-
self of contempt by payment of a fine of fifty marks, and regained
his 13arony in tlie year 1278. He then resigned the Abbacy.
(0. & B. ij., 114.)

27 " Willelmo le serjant." — Hee notes 1 and 20.

28 " Domino Rogero de motiuo mari de Chirk." — On the death of
Grufydd ap Madoc, lord of Dinas Bran, this nobleman was appointed
by Edwd. 1. to be guardian of Llewelyn, one of Giufydd's sons, the
other, named Madoc, having been entrusted to John Earl Warren.
These noblemen are stated, after having given orders to put the
youths to tleath, to have seized upon their possessions, Mortimer
taking the lordships of Chirk and Nanheudwyand Earl Warren those
of Bromtield and Yale. (See note 70.)

-'•» "■ Funteiii St. Georyii. ' — The ^Vest or Welsh Bridge so called
from the Chapel and Hospital of St. George uear the end of it in
Frank well.

'■^^ '^ S(i. Thomce." — The rcmams of Thomas Becket, assabsniated in
1171. were translated on July 7th. He was especially venerated in
this town. His relics at the Abbey comjjrised " Rvgcth intefj in quo
inissd celeLrare cojisuev'at, de panno ztincto cebro et sangunie ejus, de
cilicio ejus, de beuda ejus, dc cestra ejus, de cucidlu ejus, de stamine
ejus, dt cirolheca ejus, de rogeth in quo nitirizahis est," which relics
were brought by Abbot Adam from Canterbury. For the benefit of
tlie /((/'y a translation may he given— 'A whole rochet and part of
that in which he was )iiart>/r<d, some clotli stained with iiis blood and
brains, and fragments of his hair shirt, his collar, his girdle, hia
woollen shirt, and his glove." (O. and li. ii., 43).

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

53

Bil visitorem opcris, videli-
cet lino cementaiio pro iiij
(lies xvj(/., Item ij gare'oni-
biis illi sei'vientibiis xviijc/.,
Jtem Aliiiio Hilvi.sitoriojicris
pro ij scpLiinunis xij((- , item
liberatum Thom;e do liyke-
clon^^ pro expensis suis apud
Londiniiim in xv^*^^ pascli;e
anno regni regis E. iij° xxv^;.
vj(/. ob., Item pro luia ceru
empta ad hostium Auhe ile
liotli lialle^^ iiijd

Expensie factie circa pontem^*
versus Abbatlii;im septi-
mana post trauslac'onum
Sancti (Tliomie) anno regni
regis Edwardi quarto (sic)^^
Item uno cementario [)er
dictam septimanam iJ6'., Item
ij liominibus illi servienti-
bus xviij(L, Item pro uno
siruro^° empto j(Z. ob., In
uno garc'oni operant! sin-
dul'^^ ob', Item Alano Dil
visitori ojieris \jd., Item pro
ij [)()stis emplis xxiijf/., Item
Tlionue Keyner pro ivdditu

of King Edward, by Alan
Bil clerk of the works,
namely to one mason for
four days 1/4, Also to
two labourers waiting on
him 1/G, Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works for two
weeks 12d., Also delivered
to Thomas de Bykedon^^ for
his expenses to London in
the qwindeiae^' of Easter in
the third year of the reign
of King Edward 25/6^, Also
for one lock (or wax light)
bought for the door of the
hall of Bothhalle33 4d.
Expenses incurred about the
bridge^* towards the Abbey
the week after the transla-
tion of St. (Thomas) in the
4th (sic;^'' year of King
Edward : Also to one mason
for the said week 2/-, Also
to two men serving him 1/G,
Also for one lock^*^ boiifdit

O

l^d.. In one labourer work-
ing at pile driving (?)^^ ^d.,
Also to Alan Ijil, clerk of
the wc)rks 6d , Also for two
])0sts bought 2/4, Also to
Thomas Ueyner for the rent

■" " 'lh(iinad< /li//i<t/(i/t."- Sl'c iidIc 15.

■'- '• .((i"" " i.e., (iiiiiulciia uv (|uin/.;uiic uv quinsiinu or quiudisuie,
wliicli means ihu ciuliL ilays preceding and following Easter Day (see
text ul' note I'o'J,). Sometimes it is us'jd lor the lifteeulh day after
any feast.

^•^ " liulh haile." — A place jor the salt of Merchandist. It scemt> to
have stood on the same site as that on which the Ciild halle was now
to be built, and to have been princijialiy of wood.

'^^ " I'duli'tii I'trsus Aihtdhcmii," now the Engli.ih IJridge, formerly
tlio .Siune Bridge, so called almosst e.xchi^ively njj to nearly 1825.
(See nolo 4i) buiow).

^■' •■ (Jam to." A clerical vvvuv for (citio or tercio.

'■^^ " iStruro,' in Er. serricrc. — A lock or bolt.

'^ " iSinduL"—'SiMi note i'6 on cind' below.

54

bailiffs' accounts of SHREWSBURY.

unius platese^ de termino
Sancti Johannis Baptistie^^
anno regni regis Etlwardi
iij° xvcZ.
Expensa factse in ebdomadi
ante festum Sanctai Mar-
garetjL'*" circa lo Gildhall :
[[nce[)it hie operatio].^^
videlicet iiij carpentariis
[)er dictam ebdomadani
viijs., Item iiij cementariis
operantibus circa pontem
versus Abbathiam pro ij
dies xvjJ, Item hominibus
portantibus meremium de
dicta Aula*"^ usque portam
pro ij dies xxd., Item uno
homini servient! visitori
operis etportanti meremium
vijfZ. pro iij dies et dimi-
dium, item in erapc'one iij
lignorum viijrf., Item in
allocac'one unius careetai
carientis cind'^^ viijrif., Item
in ferro empto ad opus vilke

of one plat of land^^ from
the term of St. John Baptist^''
in the third year of King
Edward l/.S.

Expenses incurred in the week
before the feast of St. Mar-
garet^" for the Gild hall :

[Ilerethe luo rkheyaiif^ namely
to four carjjenters for the
said week 8/-, Also to four
masons working at the
bridge near the Abbey for
two days 1/4, Also to men
carrying timber from the
said Hall'*- to the gate for
two days 1/8, Also to one
man serving the Clerk of
the works and carrying tim-
ber for two days and a half
7d., Also in the purchase of
three balks of timber 8d.,
Also in the allowance of one
cart carrying scantlings {i)^^
8d., Also in iron bought for
the use of the town 5^d.,

38 ^' Platt(je" or placece. — This was in Mardefole.

39 '• Sti. Johannis Baptistce. " — Jime 2itli. His relics at the Abbey
are described as " de capite et de capillis et de ossibus S'ci Joh'is
Bajj'te et de siuUirio ejus."

*^ ^^ Stw Mar(/artt(e." — July 20th. There were likewise relics of
her at the Ahbey. N.B. — VVitli this entiy he^'ins the account of the
building of the G'ild halle, which stood across the Square in front of
the present Market Hall, and was probably a wooden building with
at least stone foundations on piles. (See note 43). It wiis apparently
much larger than its predecessor the Both halle.

*^ ^^ Operatio." — These three words '•'■ incipit hie operatlo'' iovn\ a
marginal note by a later hand. The second and third words are
doubtful.

*2 " De dicta Aula." — Some of the materials of the Both halle
were apparently used for tlie re])airs or strengthening of the gate on
the bridge towiuds the Abbey.

'■' ",S'/;i(/." — This is the second occuiTcnce of an expression which,
under the vjiried fornis of Sitid'. Cintt\ Siinhtl', Juvill' ci)id',
Kavcllis ci/ndulorum, is found some lliirteen times, in one case accom-
panied by tlie words " e< alio viereniio'' (and other timber). Of

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

55

\d. ob.', Item pro opere
ejusdem ad I'aciendum bo-
tcros'** inid., et pro slittis''''
ad eosdcin ij(/., Item pro
uni quarterio calcei xd.
Item pro uno luimo j(/. ob'.,
Item pro uno cind'^*^ x\]d.
Item visitor! opcris, vjr/,, et
pro clavis jc^., Siimma xvj.i'.
viijcZ.

Also for tlie working of the
same in making buttres-
ses (?)^^ and fortie-ropes(?)*^
for tlie same 2d., Also for
one quarter of lime lOd.,
Also for uno hook lAd., Also
for one load of piles (*?)^^1 2d.,
Also to the Clerk of the
works Gd., and for nails Id,
Sum lG/8.

keviW, the first word of the compound expression, we have an in-
starice in a document of the 27th Edw. iij. (A Pipe Roll, as ^iven in
extenso in Aixhceo. Junrnal for 18G1, pp. 71, 73). Amou" the
thini^'s necessary for the repairs of tents we find " meremio pro postis
et cainllis" : timber for posts and pegs; and in a footnote it is said,
" Cavilla or cavilc, a peg or pin either of wood or of iron, in French
chevillf." This in Italian is caviijlia — -a tent-peg, but here cavilla or
kevilla may mean the large wooden pin driven through the joints of
the frame of a wooden bui.ding. " Item in cavillis emptis pro claus
tro xxj» " (^Norivich Cathcd. Accounts, p. 47'f ). Scindida, from scindere
to cleave, is scantling, rafter, ov light timber, which will suit most
instances of its occurrence. Pruf. Skeat says, '' cindida (wron<dv
cindulian) = scinchi/a, li wooden tile, now spelt s/iinf/les in En<disli."
But, as against the use of this meaning, there is the fact that further
on we have the word singles and also ahingel-jjinns. Again there
were stone shingles, i.e., thin slabs of stone were (and are still in Here-
fordshire, Cheshire, and some parts of AVales) extensively u.sed for roof-
ing (some are yet lo l.e seen in old buildings in Sluewsbury). Their
great wei<;ht required very .stron<,' supports, which led to their gradual
disuse. For the full i"orm, " cariilis cimlolornm," we may say,
"riveting pins or pegs for the framing timbers," and for sciiid' and
sinchd' standing .alone understand scmtli/ig or light timber. If
shingles antl shingle-pinns did not also occur, shingle-j)ins would
satisfy some of the cases. Another and a better conjecture, for
which I am indebted to the late Clerk of the Peace, E.C. Peele, Esq ,
is ('/?///(//«yy >//r.s ,• the ground being hoggy (IGft. of bog were found
when the alterations of the County Hall were made) there was
needed a good foundation, which would l)e secured by drivin"' piles
into the soft ground.

■"^ '* lloferos."' Another dilhcult word, jirob:d)ly bnltrcssts, Fr.
biitniris : it may, however, be used here lor iron tie rods to strengthen
till- hiiilding.

•'■' '\Slittis ad eosdcni."— '['ho plates of iron through which the rods
came and on whicdi they wei'e bolted. This is only conjecture.

^^ '' Cind." — See note 43 above and G7 below. '■'Fur one vind'
xijd." increases the dilliculty surrounding this word, unless it means
♦* P'or one load of cind'."

tI

5G

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF STIEEWSBTTRY

Expensos factre in septiraana
proxima ante fcstuin Saiicti
Jaeobi Apostoli'*^ anno su-
pradicto : videlicet in x
quaiteiiis calcei emptis ad
opus vilho xijs. j(/., In uno
houiini (cemciitario)^'^ opcr-
anti circfi pontem versus
Abbatliiam'*'' \x<L, Item ij
liominibusdictisccmcntariis
servientibus xixri. ob.' Itciu
lime carcctae trahentis sa-
bloncin'''^ xxviijf/.ob.' Item in
iVrro emptt) et in opero
cjusilem t'rrri X'/. Item in
inorcmio empto iij.s., [tern
in kcviir ciud''^' -^ij"^-, Item
V car[)entariis ojjorantibus
in dicta Aula ixs. iiij(?. ob.'
Item Alano Bil visitori
o[)('ris v)(/. Summa tottalis
xxxj>:. iiij(/. ob.'

Ex[)ens;o lact;e in septimana
ante testiuii Ix.'iiti Petri ad
viucula''- anno supradicto :

Expenses incurred in the week
next before the feast of St.
James the Apostle'*'^ in the
aforesaid year, namely in 10
quarters of lime boujrht for
the use of the town 12/1, In
one man(mason)'^ working at
the bridge near the Abbey^^
1/8, Also to two men serving
the said masons IDjd. Also
to one cart drawing sand''"
28. id.. Also in iron bought
and in working the same
iron lOd., also in timber
bought; 3/0, Also in piles for
driving {^Y''^ 12d., Also to
live carpenters working at
the said Hall 9/4.Jd., Also to
Alan Bil clerk of the works
(id. Sum total 31/4i.

Expenses incurred in tlie week
before the week of St. Peter
(i(l.v!ncithi/'-\nt\\c year above

^^ ",S7. J<icoh/."—Jn\y 25th. 'riierc wore vi'/irs of St. James at
tin; Al)licy, tlic cxliibitioii of wliicli lo llie Jitillihd iiiiulc lii.s aiuiiver-
s.'U'V a (lay of observance. " Dc ussil/us S\-i Jdcuhi Aji'li ct dt stn/<(
e/KX it (It .■iipiifi-rii './«.'•■." (Ili^t. S/iiTi/s, ij., I'i).

'^ '^ I liiiiiiiii n iiiciiliin'o." - //<>t/iiiii vci\\\\\ihA]\l^ tluMiuli ctmoitario is
an interlineation, an instance of tlic Scrilio's I'ai'clcssness.

^^ '^ I'unt' III I'I rAU!^ Abliiilhiiiin. — .\t tliifs early ju'rii^d the bridge
rested j)robably on stone jiicrs, witli more or less timlicr woik nbove,
Avhich seems to liave frc(iucnll\ iieeded repair; 4oO yc:u\s later, water
wiu'ols connected with forein},' ]inuii)s were sittaclied to tlie bridge to
di-ive water u)) into tlic re.-.ervc>irs over the Market Cro^s. llemains of
tiieso works were visilile in the jtre.sent centuiy. (See note IM).

'•'^ ''■ Sahloiu III,'' sdbulinn, 1 1- sahliciuni, is a more nsual word for
sand or gravel.

•■' " Kci'i'/rri/ul '' — See note 43.

'■'- " /}<iili. I'etri III} vini-ulu" — i\\\\s,. 1st. Tart of hla cross was to
lie seen at the .Abliey " rA- cn/cf S'ci I'lC A/i'li." This was the time of
(he L;i('al fair. In Marl Koj^cr's cliarlcr w f lin<i, " [ conimnndi'd a'so
that at the feast of St ['elcr, in I he Calends of Auunsl, the lieupK' of
the whole jnovince shoulil meet in the same ]ilace foi- a fair fi.ir ihvce
days yearly, ami that th(> monks .shonld have the whole toll and profit
pf it,'"' ((). & li. ii., 1--!).

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHKEWSBURY.

57

videlicet quinque carpen-
tariis xjs. ij(/. mm'-'''^ Item
lino carpentario operant!
per (lictain septiraanam ijs.
Item iiij operariis iijs. xd.,
Item in alloca'cono uniiis
carectie xxjt^. Item in merc-
mio empto ijs. xjc?.. Item
pro clavis ferro et phimbo
ad opus vilho emptis ijs.
viij(^., Item pro opere ferri
\d., Item ad petendam
aquam^^ ]d. Item pro pice
empta ob.' Item pro clavis
emptis : videlicet j. mille
xijaf., Alano Bil visitori
operis vj(Z. Snmma xxvj.s.
ixfZ. ob.'
Expensie circa dictam Aulam
in ebdomadi ante festum
Sancti Lanrentii^^ anno su-
pradicto : videlicet v car-
pentariis per dictam ebdo-
madum xs. xr^., Item uno
carpentario xrf., Item v
hominibus opcrantibus {kc.
illegible). Item uno cemen-
tario ijs., In aqua jc/., In
alloca'cone unius carectie

viiji? •''" em])tis xlij.s.

ix(/. (?) Item in clavis em})Lis
vjs., Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vjd. Summa xxviij>s'.
vj(/. (?) liiboratum domino
liicardo dc Harley''^ pro

mentioned namely to five
carpenters 11/2, min^^ Also
to one carpenter working
tlie said week 2/-, Also to
tliree workmen 3/10, Also
in the allowance of one cart
1/9, Also in timber bought
2/11, Also for nails, iron, and
lead bought for the use of
the town 2/8, Also for the
working of iron lOd., Also
for fetching water*** Id., Also
for pitch bought ^d.. Also
for nails bought, namely one
thousand, 12d., To Alan Bil
clerk of the works Gd. Sum
26/9^.

Expenses about the said Hall
in the week before the feast
of St. Lawrence^^ in the
aforesaid year, namely to
five carpenters for the said
work 10/10, Also to one
carpenter lOd., Also to five
men working (&c. illegible),
Also to one mason 2/-, In
water Id., In the allowance
of one cart 8d . . .^^ bought
42/9 (?), Also in nails bought
(J/-, Also to Alan Bil clerk
of the works Gd. Sum
28/G (?) J^elivered to Sir
Richard de Harley^'^ for a
certain obligatory bond of

'•'^ " m ni\" — I cannot cx])lain these letters unless by vitynoranda
or miUla, neither of which makes fien.se.

^* '^ Pettudajii a(/uam " nm.st here stand iov fetching water.

'•''■' ^'' S''' I. auicntli."—K\\\x^. lOtli. His rdim were put clown as
" Do onsibus S'ci Laurenlii iii et dc craore ejus."

^•^ '' J'J/nj)tis." — IJefore cm2>tis there is a lacuna in tlic M.S.

'^ " liicardo de Ilarhy." — Sir Richard de Harley was Slieriff of the
Comity in 1301, ami Knight of the Sliire in UJOG. On Oct. Hth,
i004, ho presented Jlenry do Forcer, subdencon, to the Church (or

Vol. 111., 2ndS. n

58

bailiffs' accounts of shrewsf>ury.

quadam litera obligatoria^^
(le statvitis de Ix lb. de de
(sic) hominibus Salop' xl.s.
Item Rofjero de Char . . .-'^
quoniam averia vilho im])ai'-
cata fucrint a})iul Adbrylit-
lye j. 111.'*^'^
Expensa3 facta} in ebdo-
madi ante assumpci'onem*'^
beat£B Mariie anno snpra-
dicto circa dictam Aulam :
videlicet pro vj quarter lis
calcei ad opus villce eonptis
vs. ixd. (erased), Item in
meremio empto, et clavis
xxviijs. vj(Z., Item v. carpen-
tariis ct uno carpentario
pro ij dies ix8. xc^, Item uno
cementario xx^. Item v ho-
minibus dictis carpentariis
et cementario servientibus
iij-s. y]d., Item in alloca'conc
unius caroctie caricntis''- ct
ij hominibus dicto carien-
tario auxiliantibus xvjrZ.

the statutes of £60 of of
(sic) the men of Salop 40/-,
Also to Roger doChar . . . .^^
because the towns' Cattle
wereempounded atAlbrylit-
lye one mark.'^^

Expenses incurred in the week
before the Assumptions^ of
the B.V.M. in the year afore-
said about the said Hall,
namely for six quarters of
livie hoiKjId foi the nse of
the town GjO (erased), Also
in timber bought and nails
28/6, Also to five carpenters
and one carpenter for two
days 9/10, Also to one mason
1/8, Also to five men serving
the said carpenters and
mason 3/G, Also in theallow-
ance of one cart carrying^-
(sand), and to two men lielp-
ing the said carter 16d.,
Also in iron bought 8d.,

Chapel) of Willey. (Eyton i., 17, 156, kc). A certain Willehmis de
JI(ti/(y j)(i'n)iiii(<(n'us iii io\n)d in tlio /lo/ic/ux de /'uri/isccifi (A- Gdda
Mercattii urn Sn/upp' in 9th JCdw. i.. A.D. 1'281.

^s " Obli(jatorin." — " A bond containing a penalty, with a condition
annexed, for the payment of n.onev, performance of covenants, or the
like." (Blount).

'•'^ '* Rogero de Char. . . ." — The roll is damaged here, but Regin-
ald de Charmes held 2^ro Ahbate de JJildewas, Legh Parva 10 acr
hosc\ Dahdy viW, J^Ui jiars Tylreton, Jftapars IlyvestoJc { ? Ilynestok),
sect' cur' Preesi, 1 car' terr d: x viarc ridd' Salop'," as well as
" ChnrntH ■manrr Slafford." He was witness to a deed about 1280
(for which see Eyton ix., 253).

^'o '' AJbryJdJy('."—\\\ Domesday it is Edhretelie. In 24th Edw. i.
the Abl)ey of Lilleshull is stated to have hold Edhrigld Lee a mem-
ber of the Ch\irch of St. Alcnuuid (vol. xii., 113). Later on we shall
see that litginald de Charnes received as his fee the sum of 408.

^^ " Axsv)npc'oncvi." — Aug. 15th. At tlie Abbey nii^ht have'been
seen |iiiitions " de lacte S'ce A/arie et de vrstimenlo tt de eaint<ii<i ejus
et deciihill v/ide ijiMi /iiigrdvif a ,s'c7o (( tie nejiulrin fjii.^."

"" " Carirnds." — Word omitted, probably sablo/u/ii.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

59

Item iu t'erro empto \u\d.
Item ij sawyatoribns sAd.,
Item in opcre ferri viij(i.,
Item in seruris^^ ij(^., Item
in caria'cone aqua jd. Item
])ro una cera factura^* j(/.,
Item pro meremio em[)to de
Johanne le liarber*'^ xxxs.,
Item Alani Bil visitori vi(?.
Summa tottalis iiij/i iiij<^^-
ExpensiO circa dictam Aulam
in cbdomadi ante fcstum
Sancti Ijartliolomei'"' anno
supradicto — [)rinio vj cur-
pentariis operantibus circa
dictam Aulam xiija-. v']d.
Item iiij paviatoribus in fore
vijs. iiiji^., Item iiij homiiii-
bus illis servicntibiis i\\s.
viij(i., Item ij sawyatoribns
ijs. viijc/., Item in alloca'cone
carectos trahentis sablonem
vs. jtZ,, Item in I'erro empto
xjti., Item in opere ejusdcm
ferri ix(/., Item in meremio
empto iijs. ijc/., Item ])ro
kavillis cyndolorum^^ 'ni\d.,
Item })ro crinittis*^ (?) cmptis
ad faciendas lateres iijs., jcZ.
pro latere Item Alano iiil

Also to two sawyers 3/4,
Also tor working of iron 8d,,
Also in locks'^2 2d.. Also in
the carrying of water Id.,
Also in the making^* of one
wax light (or bolt) Id., Also
for timber bought of John
le Barber^^ '30/-, Also to Alan
Bil clerk of the works 6d.
Sum total £-i 0 4d.
Expenses about the said Hall
in the week before the feast
of St. JUrtholomcw^^ in the
aforesaid year — lirst to six
carpenters working about
the said Hall 13/G, Also to
four paviours in the Market
place 7/4, Also to four men
serving them 3/8, Also to
two sawyers 2/8, Also in the
allowance of a cart drawing
sand 5/1, Also in iron bought
lid., Also in working the
same iron 9d., Also in tim-
ber bought 3/2, Also for
piles for building (?)" 4d.,
Also for truvkn''^ bought to
make laths 3/-, Id. per lath.
Also to Alan Bil clerk of the
works Gd., Sum 4/6 (?). Also

•"3 " Sermis." — See note 3G.

ci " Factum." — This worJ would im[)ly that the wax was provided,
cera for ccrea."

^''■^ '' Johanne If /nirbi'r." — Then his designation did not rcpreaeiit
his proper occupation, for a barber proper would bcarcely be a dealer
in timber.

GO .. .Vj'n- Batholoinei." — \{\'6 festival on Aug. 24th.

'■'' '' Kavilli& ci/Hi/o/orujn." — See note lo. The varying price of
tliis ar/ic/e or conunodity enliance.s the dillicully of identifying it.
It vaiiis I'loni llid. to bl., and while for " sim/ul " IGd. i.s paid, here it
is 4d.

*'" " C'r//i/V</i."-~'i'ran«lated liiin/c.-<, which is not more saliafactory
than the original bpcUing. Tiic word may be read trunccis.

60

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

visitori operis vjci., Summa
xlj.5. yield. Item pro j ligno^^
vj(^., Ill quadam curialitate
missa domiiiis Rogero de
Mortimer^" et Theobaldo dc
Verduu^^ xj^'. vd. Item iii
isto die Reginaldo de
Charnea'''^ (?) pacatus est de
foedo suo per manus N. Ive^^
de xl6\
Expensie factie circa dictaui
Aulam et alia necessaria^^
villie ill septimaua ante fes-
tum decollac'onis Johaiinis
Baptistte''" scilicet vj car-
pentariis per dictam septi-
manam xjs. i\]d., Item iij
paviatoribiis iiijs. \\d., Item

for one balk 6d.,^^ In a cer-
tain compliment sent to Sir
Roger Mortimer^'' and Theo-
bald de Verdun^^ 11/5, Also
on the same day was paid
to Reginald de Charnes^- of
his fea by the hands of
Nicholas Ive^a of 40/-

Expenses incurred about the
said Hall and other neces-
saries^^ of the town in the
week before the feast of the
decollation of St. John
]3aptist:'^-' namely to six car-
penters for the said week
11/3, Also to three paviouis

*'^ " Liyno." — This is properly ivood for firinfj, and so log, but here
probably squared timber.

''^ " Royero de Mortemer." — Lord of Wigmore, created Earl of
March by Edward iij., 1328. He was the father of Ralph de Morti-
mer, Sheriff ill 1273, who died witliuut iasue in the lifetime of his
father, most likely in the early part of this very year, for we shall
find further on that lloger was Sheriff in his room, but only until
the appointment of a successor, for, on the 24th of June, 1276, Sir
Bertram de Burgo was Sherill'. (Blakeway's *S7<e?/^V, pp. 8 and IG).
See note 28.

"^^ " Theobaldo de Verdun." — Lord of Stoke-super-Tyrne, held lands
and manors in Stafford in 20th Edw. i. The elder Th. de V. died
Aug. 24th, lb09, the younger July 17th, 1316. ^- Rex commisit
Theobaldo de Verdun oj/iciu/ji Justiciarii Ilibtrnioi ac totum terrain
Hiberuioi cutn fvedo quiitgcntaru/u librarui/t per a)i.mnn "; 6th Ed. ij.,
1312, 3. (See Eyton viij., 63).

"- '•'■ Reginaldo de Chariut, (?) " — This word Charnes is somewhat
doubtful, MS. imperfect, but see note on liuger de Cliarncs above,
No. 09.

'''■^ " Nicholas lue." — Three times mentioned in this roll was attorna-
ttcs Regis (see note 172 below), lie was badiff in 1295. llu^li Ive,
wlio witnct<ses a deed concerning Leaton between 1310 and 1350
(0. i5f B. ij., 452 ; Eyton .v., 213) may have been his son.

^' ''' lVccessaria."—'V\iiH seems the best rendering of the live letters
in the orij^inal.

'■' " Jdhaniiis />(f^'//,s/(»,'."- Aug. 29tii. I'orlions of his head, hair,
bones, and napkin were n/ics at the Abbey.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

61

iij hominibiis illis servien-
tibus ijs., Item in alloca'coiie
unius carectie tralieiitis sa-
bloncm xxvc^.,Iteiu in mere-
mio cmpto ad opus vilku
propter quam (sic) Nicholas'*'
Ive solvit xiiijcZ., Item pro
cymienneiF'' vijcZ. ob.', Item
pro siugcl pinns^*^ ijc^., Item
pro line cmc (cinere ?) vjc/.,
Item Alano ilil visitori
operis vuL, Summa tottalis
xxiiji". ixd. ob.'
Expensie tactic circa dictaui
Aulaminseptimanaproxima
ante I'cstum Nativitatis
JJeatic Alariic**^ anno supra-
dicto vj carpentariis per
dictam septimanam xiijs.
iiijtZ., Item iij paviatoribus
per dictam septimanam ViS.
iiijtZ., Item iij hominibus

4/6, Also to three men serv-
in<( them 2/-, Also in the
allowance of one cart draw-
ing sand 2/1, Also in^timber
bought tor the use of the
town, concerning whicli
Nicholas Ive"*" paid 14d.,
Also for one i-imneP^ 7U1.,
Also for shingle pins''^ 2d.,
Also for charcoal (^or scant-
ling)"'-' Gd., Also to Alan
L)il clerk of the works Gd.,
Sum total 23/9 id.
Exj)enses incurred about the
said Hall in the week next
before the feast of the
Nativity of the B. V. M.^*^ in
the afm-esaid year: To six
carpenters for the said week
13/4, Also to three paviours
for the said week 5/4, Also
to three men serviu'' the

"^ " iVicholas Ive." — See note 73.

^^ " CyiiLicnniid." — The cakt called " siinnd (siininelkis or syui-
neWns) pan is pur ior, sic dictus, quod a siiuita, hoc est puriori farinoe
parte cjicitur ; panis siinilagiueus, simnel bread." It afterwards
came to mean a shape of dough, (illed with a confection of currants
and spices baked in an oven. It is jjeculiar to tlie town, and is still
made and sold. Siinoiel, old French ; —

" I'll to thee a si/nncll bring,
'Gainst thou go'st a mothering."

Ilerrick, p. 278.

"^ " SinytL pitins." — Wooden pegs or pins for fastening slabs or
ihiiKjks to the roof. (See note 43).

'•'^"■Cinr. or cinere." — Eitiier ciiarcoal, or else a form of cind'
sindul' Ac. (See notes 43, 4U, and G7).

^'^ '^ JVativitalis JJ, V. M." — Sept. 8ih. This festival was thus
instituted, viz. : — A melanchoUy man, who led an holy life, did every
year hear the melodious harmony of Angels in Heaven, at which
being wonderfully surprized, and being one day very earnest iu
Prayer, an Angel told liim that on that Day the V^irgin Maiy was
born, and because the Day of her Birth was not known upon Earth,
therefore it was celebrated hy the Angels. This being told to the
Church, that day was afterwards set apart to commemurato her
Birth. Honor. Augustud, Lib. 3, cap. 16. (See note 61).

62

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

servientibus dictis carpen-
tariis et paviatoribus ij.b'.ix(?.
In reparac'cne ferri pavia-
toris jd., Item in cavillis
cind'^^ jcZ., Item in alloca'-
cono unius carectic per dic-
tam septimaiiam trahentis
sabloneni iijs. vijtZ., Item in
meremio empto ad opus
villai i\s. viij^., Item Alano
liil visitori operis vj(/., Item
in clavis cipptis xij^/. ob.',
Sumraa xxixs. x<^/. Item iij
hominibus euntibus apiul
Staft'ord ad atioiendum
amerciamentum^- Scaccarii
die Jovis proxima post Na-
tivitatem Beata; jNIaria^*^''
coram Roberto de Notyng-
ham^- clerico cjusdem Scac-
carii dimidium marcie.
Expensie circa dictam Aulam
factie in septimana ante fes-
tum exalta'conis sanctie
crucis^^ anno supradicto :
videlicet vj carpentariis
operant ibus circa dictam
Aulam xvjs. j^., item iij
paviatoribus operantibus
circa paviamentum vs. iiij^.,
Item vj hominibus dictis
carpentariis et paviatoi'ibus
servientibus iiijy. vj^/., Item
in allocac'one unius carettiu
trahentis sablonem xiiJ8. x/^.
Item in tbragio . . . .^* ad
aulam daubiandam**^ iiij.s.

said carpenters andpaviours
2; 9, In the repair of the
paviour's iron Id., Also in
{)egs for piles (?)^^ Id.,
Also in the allowance of one
cart for the said \V(ick draw-
ing sand .*)/7, Also in timber
bought for the use of the
town 2/8, Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works 6d., Also
in nails bought 12.^(1, Sum
29/10, Also to three men
going to Stafford to carry
the j)ccanuti-i/-penaltij^- of
the Exchequer on the Wed-
nesday next before the
Nativity of the B. V. M. be-
fore Robert of Notyngham^^
clerk of the Exchequer, half
a mark (that is G/8.)

Expenses about tiie said Hall
incurred in the week before
the feast of the exaltation of
the Holy Cross^^ in the afore-
said year, namely to six
carpentirs working about
the said Hall 12/1, Also to
three paviours working at
the pavement 5/i, Also to
six men serving the said
carpenters and paviours 4/G,
Also in the allowance of one
I'.art drawing sand 13/10,

Also in fodder ^* lor

the (/auhl n(f^ the wall 4/-,
Also in board nails 1/6,

SI " Cavillis c//u/'." --(See notes 43, 46, and 67).

^- " Uiiliciio de Nf,tijn<iliinii " N<i other roi'oni of this official, but
amercidirirnluiii w;is a [leiiahy assessed aeccjrdiny to the discietiou of
a court t)r othei" conipotciit aulhority. (V.yU)\\).

^'^ ''L'x((l(<(c'oiiis."—>ici>l. Mlh (bee O. it B. ii.,42), "decruce Domini."

**' " /''(./-(f (//()." — After this a uoril lust.

"^ " Diiubiiiniliim. — An i.ijircssirr word coined bo uh to indicate to
j)Osterity tliat the waifs were " I'xitfli: and dab," if not plaster.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY

63

Item in bord naylis ct forro
xviij(7., Item in empc'one
at]ii3s iij^., Item ])io ij
cribles^^ ij^., Alano Bil visi-
tori ojjeris vjr/. Sumnia

x]js. viij^. '*'' Item in

meremio empto xxji-.x^/.ob.',
Summa tottalis iij^i iijs. \']d.

Expensge factfu in ebdomadi
proxima ante festiim Sancti
Mathei Apostoli^^ anno su-
pradicto : videlicet iij car-
pentai'iis oporantibus })er
dictam se])timanam vjs.,
Item in allocac'onc caret-
tarum vij.s. ix^^., Item iij
hominibus oporantibus scr-
vientibus xwd , Item in emp-
c'one aqua) iijr^., Item pro j.
boukc^ id., Item in meremio
empto de GaltVido Diigyn^'^
xjs., Item in meremio scili-
cet j^rant boidcs iijy. de I.
le ICent.'-"' Summa xxvs. iiijrt(

Expensio lactam per iij septi-
inanas circa dictam Anlam
xxxiiij.<. ixr?.

Item expens^e facta* per se|)ti-
manam proximam post fes-
tum Sancti Micbaciis:^^ vide-
licet iij carpentariis vjs. v']d.,

Also in the purchase of
water 3d., Also for two large
sieves^'^ 2d., To Alan Bil
clerk of the works Gd., Sum

41/8 ^~ Also in

timber bought 21/lOJ, Sum
£3 3s. Gd.

Expenses incurred in the week
next before the feast of St.
Matthew the Apostle^^ in the
year aforesaid : namely to
three car[)enters for the said
week Gs., Also in the allow-
ance of carts 7/6, Also to
three workmen serving 1/3.
Also in purchase of water
3d., Also for one bucket
Id., Also in timber bought
from Geoffrey Dugyn^^ll/-,
Also in timber : to wit great
boards 3/-, of John le Kent.'^
Sum 25/4.

Expenses incurred for three
weeks about the said Hall

34/9.
Also expenses incurred in the
week next after the feast of
St. Michael {■''^ namely to
tiirec car[)enters G/G, Also

^•^ " Crib/ca." — (iroat sieves for cleansing lime and sand /loclie
" riddles." liatin cribruni, a sieve.

'^^ " jc/j's., viijd.' — After this tsonie figures erased.

«s '' Sancti .\i<ithel Ap II."— 't^c^i. 131st.

**^ " (lalfridu J)i((j//)i." -Adiun I)u;iyn witli a son Jolui appears in
the Gihhi niercatonini in A.D. 1281, lie is styled de foriita.

'•''* " Jolui le Krnt." — The /r Knits were among onr earliest provosts
(Eyton xj. 92j. IJalph le Kent hetwcen 1252 and 1294, and again
between K50U and 13U1 ((). and H. i., 024). William son of William
le Kent is foiniil in the Kot. (lild. Merc, (see y'l-a/i.-^., vol. ii., ])t. i.,

p. :{7).

^" '• Stuirti Mic/no /is.'' — Sept 21Uh, the day in which the C'hristians
fought with the Inhdels and obtained a victory by the help of St.
Michael, now called Michaelmas Day (Blount).

64

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

Item hominibiis illis ser-
vientibus xvrt'., Item in me-
remio empto iij.s., Item pro
stramine vj^., Alano Bil
visitori vj^.

Expensa; lactm circa dictam
Aulam in sei)timana ante
festum beati Liicae :•'- vide-
licet iij carpentariis vj.s. vj<^.,
Item in cariagio meremii et
liominibiis dictis carpen-
tariis deservicntibus xijc/.,
Item in empc'one meremii
vij.". vijcr., Alano l^il visitori
oporis vj^^, Snrama xv."?.
\d. ob."-'^

Expcnsae factse circa quandam
domnm'^'* in foro . . ."-''' die^"
in septimana ante fostum
Ap[)'llc)rum Simonis (^t
Iud;e''^ anno supradicto vi-
delicet duobus carpentariis

to men serving them 1/3,
Also for timber bought 3/-,
Also for straw 6d.. To Alan
Bil clerk Gd.

Expenses incurred about the
said Hall in the week before
the feast of the Holy Luke»-
namely to three carpenters
6/G, Also in carriage of
timber and for men serving
the said carpenters 1/-, Also
in purchase? of timber 7/7,
To Alan Bil clerk of the
works Gd., Sum 15/nd.«^

Expenses incurred about a
certainhouse^'in the Market

place-'^ day^" in the

week before the ieast of the
Apostles-'^ Simon and Jude
in the above mentioned

0- '' Jicati Lvnp."— Oct. IStli.

^•' " Sinnma." — This entry soenis to complete the building of the
Great Hall, which is not to be confounded with the Market Ilou^e, a
far later erection of stone, at the south side of the Sqvare, now
standing. This was built in 1595, as the inscription on the nortli
sideshows. Previously to this, in 15G7, "Master Jolni Dawes did
build a ^hu•ket house of wood, at his sole char<ie, on the same site."
(See Shredx and Pafc/ics 15th May, 18t<9).

^* '■'^ Quandam domnm." — Here beiiins the account of the building
of a "certain house " not far from the Great Hall. In after-ages this
building, or its svcrcssor, was known as the Mxchcfiuer (Jhanibcr and
Green room (agreeing room). The site of this, at the first, no doubt,
a separate building, is now covered by part of the Coinity Hall. For
relinquishing this site tlie Corporation, it is said, derive their right to
the use of the County Hall at the present day.

95 << foro." — The Market place, or the space in front of the County
Hall, flanked originally by the Boih-hall, a place of merchandise,
afterwards hy the (Jlild-Hall, the ground floor of which, entered by
large gates, had storage room for n)erchandise, while the Market lioii^e
at the other end C)f the S'/uarc, was apjjropriated to the sale of farm
produre.

'•"' '^ l)if."-—2\ short woid wanting after " die " ./oris or A/arfis.

»' '' Apj>'l/orvm S. et J."— Oct. 21st.

bailiffs' AUCUUNTb OF SHUEWSBURY.

65

perdictam septimanam iiijs.
injii, Item ij huminibiis
opcrantibus in divcrbibiiii
(bic) rebus xiiij</., Item pa-
viaLoribus iija. \i/., Item in
meremio empto vijs. xjt/.,
Item Alano Bil visitovi
o peris vj<;/., Summa xvijo-.

EipensLO tactiu circa predictam
clomum juxta'*^ magnam'-^'-^
Aulam pro ij septimanis ct
meremio emjjto xljs.

Expensie factie circa eandem
pro ij septimanis et in me-
remio XXXVJci'.

ExpenScU factiu circa [jredictam
ilomum: videlicet iij car-
pentariis per septimanam
vjy., Item in operariis x'my/.,
Item sawyatori \]ei., In allo-
c'acone uniiis carectie curi-
entis merenuum viij^/,ltem
visitori operis vj^j^., Siunma
viij.y. xc/., Item in meremio
xx«. iij</., Sinnma lotialis
xxix6'. j</.

Expensie circa [)redictam do-
mum in ebdumadi secpiente:
videlicet v carpentariis ix^.
viij^., In meremio empto
xxc/. ob.', Operario auxilianti
in diversis^"'^ viij^/. ob.', Item
sawyatori \](/., In clavis
cmptis iiij</. q'\ Item in

year namely to two carpen-
ters for the said week 4/4,
Also to two men working
in various things 1/2, Also
to paviours 3/5, Also in
timber bought 7/11, Also to
Alan Bil clerk of the works
Gd.. Sum 17/4.

Expenses incurred about the
aforesaid house near^*^ the
Great'^^ Hall for two weeks
and in timber for the woric
41/-

Ex [senses incurred about the
same for two weeks and in
timber 3G/-

Expenses incurred about the
afcresaid house namely to
tliree carpenters for a week
G/-, Also ni workmen 14d.,
Also to a sawyer Gd., In the
allowance of one cart carry-
ing timber 8d., Also to the
Clerk of the works 6d., Sum
8/ 10. Also in timber 20/3.
Sum total 29/1.

Expenses about the said house
in the following week name-
ly to live carpenters 9/8, In
timber bought 1/8 h To a
workn^an helping in var-
ious^'^*' 8.\d., Also to a sawyer
Gd., In nails bought 4_^d.,
Also in piles for biuld-

ys '^Jnxia." — Tiio successors of thciiO two buildings were connected
by a corridor over the street nr ru;ul\v;iy. Sec the vignette and the
pers[)ective view of the buildings deniulislied in 1781.

'•"■' '• .\/ii'//itiin," </ri<(t, i.c , ;is coiiiiKired \sitli tlie i'>(jtli-halle which
jjieceded il, and w.is, nui.^l likely, only of unc story, while the Great
Hail liad ;U lea.sl t \V(j.

lou '' JJiocrsis." — After </irrr.<is a word omitted, piobiibly rcLuu.

Vol. III. lind S. ^

CO

liATI.IFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

caviir cind'ioi ij^. ob.', Item
Alano Bil visitori 0])eris vj^.,
Summa tottalis xiijs. viij^/.

ExpensiG factiti circa predic-
tam domura in septimana
proxima ante festiiin bcati
Thomte Apostoli^''"^ videlicet
V car[)entariis ixs. viij'^.,
Item in meremio xiijis. \i]i^-,
In operaiiisxviji/., Item sau-
yatori xij^/., In clavis iiijc/.
ob.' q'^., tSuniraa xxvjj.>\ vj^/.
ob.' q^

Expensaifact 03 circa dictam do-
mum in se})timanaante Na-
taleDomini^^^annosupradic-
to : videlicet v carpentariis
operantibus in dicta septima-
na iiijs, y'\](f., Item uno saw-
yatori^''* vjd., Item operariis
xjrt'., Item in ferro operate:
scilicet crokes^°^ lethes iiij^.,
Item in ij paribus de hen-
fjr^pcG xw/., In mat^nis clavis

"... . ^

\n]d, Item in meremio
empto vjy. vij<^/. ob.', Item
Alano Bil visitori operis vjc/ ,
Item in quadam curialitate

in^ (?f 1 2id., Also to Alan
13il clerk of the works 6d.,
Sum total 13/S.
Expenses incurred about the
aforesaid house in the week
next before the feast of the
Blessed Thomas lo- the
Apostle, namely to five car-
penters 9/S, Also in timber
14/7, In workmen 1/5, Also
to 11 sawyer 12d., In nails
43d., Sum 27/6],

Expenses incurred about the
said house in the week bo-
fore the Nativity of our
Lor(P°2 in the year afore-
said : namely to five carpen-
ters workin<( in the said
week 4/7, Also to one saw-
yer^o-* Gd., Also to workman
lid,, Also in iron worked :
to wit crooked latchcs^*^^ (?)
4d., Also in two pairs of
small-hinges^°^ 1/3, In largo
nails 8d., Also in timber
bought G/7i, Also to Alan
Bil clerk of the works 6d.,

101 ''CaviW cijid'" (see notes 48, 46, C7, 1B9) 2id, was an ex-
tremely low price in comparison witli some others for the same coni-
niodity.

'"- ''Beati Thonue ApU."— Dec. 21st.

lo-^ " Xatale Domini."— Chn^Umm Day, Dec. 25th, 1275,

1°^ ^\Sau'i/atorl" — 0. and B, say that "The corruptois of Latinity
were very fond of adoptiiij^ a classical word of similar sound, with
little attention to its meaning " (ij., 532). Here we have au instance
of another equally objectionable jiractice, that of Latinizing a word
from the vernacular when a word, not indeed strictly classical,
»ei Tutor, might have been employed. (See note on jjlau»trario7'ui/i,
No. 191).

1^-' " Crokts lethes." — Being of iron these could not liave been
crooked /<iths, possibly crooked latches.

100 <i y/f,jy,,/ " — Prof. tSkeat says, '^ small hinges." — These are
sometimes called butts.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHKEWSRURY.

67

facta domino Johanni do
Cherleton^°^ xvj*^., Sum ma
xviij.s. xjc/. ob.', Item in
curi;ilitatibus factis dominis
Jolianni tie Momerv^°^ Pa-
,Lrano Tipetot/o'^ J. d'e Cher-
leton/^'U^ulconi Extraneo/^^
Alano la ... . Mouclie,^^-
Petro Clorbet,^''' et Griffino
de la Pole,^^'*xxxvjs. xd. [In

Also in a certain compli-
ment paid to Sir John de
Cherletonio7i/4,Sum 18/11 i,
Also in compliments paid
fo Sirs John de Momery^°*
Pagan Tipetot.^°^ John de
Cherleton/i^FnllcStrange/ii
Alan de la Monche/^^ Peter
Corbet,^^^ and Griffin de la
Pole/^^ 3G/10. [This compli-

^^'' " Johnnne de Cherleton." — Sec note 114 below. This is no
doubt the J. dc (). who, in 1295, held the vill. of ('heilt'tuii of the
Chuiches of St. Mary and St. Juliana in Salop, lie was inesnniably
of the Apley fanhly. (O. & B. i., 183).

^^^ " J(i/ianni (fe Mdj/iciy." — Tlie wlio'e of thi.s entry is quoted in
the IIiHt. of ShrcH'sbin-y at the J)^cc•edin^' reference, but with three
variations. For Municry tliey read, and riyh'ly too, Somert/, but iu
the MS. it is plainly Momcry ; they read Zuuclw where the MS. gives
Mouche ; and for Fxdconi they have Fvltoni. In this latter case they
are wrong, but they may not have quoted this MS., but another copy
or version. This Jolm de Somery was the last baron of JJudley of
this line, on whose death in loth Edward ij. his sister carried that
barony to her husband, Joini de Sutton, ancestor of the sub'^cquent
lords of Dudley. {(). k. B., i,, 138). Some entries in the [lublica-
tions of the Rolls Commission mention a J. de S. who in 16tli Ed. ij.
had estates in I^ottingham, AVarwick, Staftbrd, Bi-rks, Bucks, Surrey,
Southam[)ton, Worcester, ifutland, and Huntingdon.

'"'^ " y'(f//(/yu» Tipctot," m -Ith Ivlw. ij., was seized of '' Epprcstou
nicrcat' feria et libera waren' in comitate Notingham, " ami in 5th
Fidw. ij. of " Wighton juxta l>everlac' in comitate h^.bor'." ilc was
warden of the forests north of Trent, governor of Northampton
Castle, became peer of the realm 1st Edw. ij., and lost his life at the
fatal hattle of B.innockburn i-even years later.

11" " J. de Chcrieton." — See note 107 above and 114 below.

Ill «( fdiconi Uxtraneo." — Fulk le Strange was baron of Blackmere.
(See 0. & B. i., 139).

'^^"^ " Alano /a Mowhe," whom O. 6i B. rightly call A. la Zouche,
and identify as " of Ashby, a distinguished warrior in Scotland and
France, and twenty years after this visit made a peer of the realm."

"3«'/V/n* Corbet," 1274-1300, seventh in descent from Corbat,
the Norman, of Cans Castle, made a peer in 1295. (0. & B. i. 139'.

m " Griflino de la AVc."— Filius Audoeni dc la Pole, of Pdwys
Castle, B.;d Castle, or Caste! (ioch. lie was great grandfather of
Dame liawise, who was imirried to Sir John de Chcrieton. He is
otherwise known as (Jrillith aj) Cweiiwynwyn, m^t the same man as
Griffin litz Edenwith, Vicar of Pole (Welsh Pool) in 1289 (See
note lytt).

68

BAILIFFS ATCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

margine, Facta fuit hcec
cuvialitas die Jovis ante cir-
cumsisionem^^^Domini anno
iiijto]

Expensoe circa predictam do-
mum per ij se))timanas ])ost
Epiphaniam^^^ Domini armo
supradicto : In meremio
empto xiiijV.. In clavis
crokes^^' et aliis necessariis
xxci. q^., Item in stodes^^^
iij<;/., Item in allocac'one car-
pentariorum vjs., In alloca-
c'one unius hominis iij<7'.,
Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vj<r/.

]\1'^ quod Petrus Gerard^^'^et
Ui)<Terus Pride^^o corona-
tores^'^ vilhe Salop solverunt
ad scaccarium pro'equo do-
mini Joliannis Extranei
submersi^-- xxs.

Expensos factse circa predictam
aomum in se[)timana post
convcrsionemSanctil^iuli^-^
Item iij carpentanis vJ6\,

ment was paid on Thurs-
day before the Circum-
cision^^^ of our Lord in the
4th year (of Knig Edward.)]

Expenses abtnit the aforesaid
house for two weeks alter
tlie Epiphany of our Lord^^"
in the above mentioned
year : In timber bought
14d., In nails crooks/'^ and
other necessaries, 20.id.,
Also in studs^^^ 3d., Also in
the allowance of carpenters
G/-, In the allowance of one
m;in 3d., Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works Gd.
j\/emora/n(him, that Peter
Gerard^i^ and lioger Pride^'-"
coroners^-^ of the ton-n of
Salop paid to the Treasury
for the horse of Sir John
Strange drowned^-- 20/-

Expenses incurred about the
al'orosaid house in the week
after tiie Conversion of St.
Paul/"^ Also to three ear-

ns " Circums'sionem." — Jan. 1st, 1276.

UG '■^ Epiphaniam." — Jan. Gth.

'iT^ " C/o/irs."— An obscure technical term, possibly denotes vaff/c

"** " aS7' i/cs." — Studs, intcniiedijite perpLudicvdjir tinibei s.

no ^- Pelrus Ctnird" is styleil '^fi/iiis Ahwamlri." W G. appear.^
twice in the (Jild Mercliant Rolls.

•20 '^ lln,j,'rnx y^vV/c."— n.ulill' 1.312, IIJIG. Robert I'ride provost
temp. Hen III, rdchanl 1'. liailifl" in l.'SOO. J''runi their mansion
tlie street called I'lide Hill derives i(s name (.see note I'J).

121 ii Coronatores." — Tlie^^e very ancient ofhcials are mentioned in
King Athelston's charter to Ijcverlcy anno 1)25. " In the middle
ages," says Kyton, "this othce Avas held by perhons of knightly rank,
who were fretjuently styled D(n)n')ins.'"

'-2 ",V»// //((/■."/." — Whether the hor.sc or his master were drowned is
not plain, piobably (lie forna r, as xxs. only was j^aid, but i-Jihinersi
agrees witli dniniitl and not with 'iiwi. 'I'his .lohn !c Strange ia
probably the same as John (h> Knokm, to whom the comjilimcnt, first
rec(jrded herein, wa.s paid (see note -I ;.

'-3 " .b'''/i'/(' 7'aw//."— Jan. 2.")th. I'iiTG.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

69

Item ffabro pro opere suo
xij,r/., Item pro bordnailis
\i\]d., Item in alloeac'one
uiiius carecta; ad pctros lar-
^Lfos^-* Xi/., Item horninibus
(lictis carpcntaviis servien-
tibus 'u'jd , Item Alano Bil
visitor! operis \']d.

In septimana ante puritiea-
c'onem^-^ beata; ^Fanai : In
alloeac'one iij carpentariu-
rum \']s., Item in elavis
emptis vis. v'u/., Item in al-
loeac'one iinius rarecta' []</.,
Item jiro v tabellis^-'^ iij^.,
In iii)""" laqueis^-'' iiijc/., pro
pice ob.', Item pro iij*^ de
singlts'-^ emptis ab Ilunrico
Gerard'-^ ij.s., Alano ]]il visi-
tori operis vjc/.

In se[)timana post ])iiritica-
c'onem beata; Mariai"*^ iij
carpcntariis iij.f., Item J. le
Mason ^2' xvj.,Item in ojier-
ariis xvc^, ob.', In alloeac'one
unius carecttc carientis
sind'^22 ij^s _ Item in alloca-

penters G/-, Also to the
blacksmith for his work
12d., Also for board nails
Md., Also in the alhnvance of
one cart fur large stones^-^
lOd., Also to men serving
the said carpenters Gd., Also
to Alan Bil clerk of the
works Gd.

In the week before the Puri-
fication of the B.Y.M.^25 j^
the allowance of three car-
[)enters 6/-, Also in nails
bought G/G, Also in the
allowance of one cart 2d.,
Also lor five planks^-^ .Sd,,
In four latches^-^ 4d., For
pitch id., Also for three
hundred shingles^"^ bought;
from Henry Gerard^-^' 2/-,
To Alan Dil clerk Gd.

In the week after the Purifi-
cation of the B.V.M. :i3o to
three carpenters 8,'-, Also to
J. the mason'^^ IGd., Also in
workmen 15 ^d., In the
allowance of one cart carry-
ing piles (0^2- 2/-, Also

''^* " Larf/os." — Rig stones, for special work.

125 ^^ Purijivaconem 13. M. V.'" — Feb. 2nd. See note 61.

!■-'« " 'J'aUl/is"—^ee notes 10, 195, " In tlie year 1305," 30 feet of
worked stunc (" tabul ") was used at Norwich.

^^^ " lAKiwis." — If not a Latinized form of latches, \t means tie
ro})es ; if the former, there may be a reference to the mode of lifting
the L.tch by "pulling the bobbin," but tie ropes suits the context
better.

^-^ '' Sinf//es." — The occurrence of this word restricts the possible
meaniii'is of the difhcult expressions cind', siiidul', cyndolorum. (See
notes 13, 46, and 67).

i2',i (I jlenrivo Grrard." — See note 119 above.

1.10 ii J'Hn'Jir(ic'onem."—B.U.Y. Feb. 2. See note 61.

'^1 •• John If Afuson." — Only one or two instances of the names of
wuikmeu are recorded.

'^'^ " Sinii'." — -See notes 4;}, 46, and G7, huiI lIic f(.)lU)wing.

10

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

c'one unius alterius"^ carec-
tae carientis lapides xva.,
Visitor! operis xyl.

Item in sei»tiinana sequento
car[)outariis ct ceincntariis
viijs., Item in meremio
empto iiij.s. viijf^., et in allo-
cac'one operariorum xxi]V/.,
Item in allocac'one unius
caroctfe \d.. Item ft'abroiiijr/.,
Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vj(/.

Item in septiraana sequente iij
carpentariis vJ6'., item in ce-
raentario ij.s., {n alloca'cone
unius carectfc ijs. vjr/., In
meremio emjjto xxd. <^,
In allocac'one operariorum
xxv(/., Item in clavis emptis
xd, Item Alano Bil visitori
operis y'yl.

Item in septimana sequente
anno supradicto : videlicet
carpentariis et cementariis
viijs., In meremio empto
iiij.s., In allocac'one unius
carcct?e ijs. vjrZ., In alloca-
c'one operariorum xxij(i, In
cavillis cind''^^ \]d., visitori
operis \]d.

In septimana sequente car
pentariis et cementariis di'
m', In allocac'one unius
carectic viijr?., In meremio
em[)to xxviijd., Visitori
operis vj*/.

h]x[)cns;e circa prodictam tlo-
mum in septimana sequente
videlicet i) carpentariis et
uno cementario vij.s. ij^.,
Item in operariis xxd., It(;m

in the allowance of one
other^^^cart carrying stones
15d., To clerk of works 6d.
Also in the week following to
carpenters and masons 8/-,
Also in timber bought 4/8,
In allowance of workmen
22(1 , Also in the allowance
of one cart lOd , Also to
blacksmith 4d., Also to Alan
Bil clerk of the works 6d.

Also in the week following to
three carpenters G/-, Also to
a mason 2/-, In the allow-
ance of one cart2/G, In tim-
ber bought 20|d., In the
allowance of Avorkmen 25d.,
Also in nails bought lOd.,
Also to Alan Bil, clerk of
the works 6d.

Also in the week following in
the above mentioned year :
namely to carpenters and
masons 8/-, In timber bought
4/-, In the allowance of one
cart 2/6, In the allowance of
workmen 22d., In building
piles or poles for founda-
tion'^'* 2d., To clerk of works
Gd,

Jn the week following to car-
penters and masons half a
mark (G/8). In the allow-
ance of one cart 8d., In tim-
ber bought 28d., To clerk of
works Gd.

Expenses about the aforesaid
hduse in the following week,
namcdy to two carpenters
and one mason 7/2, Also in
workmen 2()d., Also in tim-

'^■' •' A/tiritix.'' TluH Hocond cart cairyiiig titonrn sociiis to hiivo
been (iv('i'li)()kcil.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY,

71

in meremio empto ad opus
villas i]s., Item pro cavillis
cindolorum^-^^ ijt/., Item fa-
bro pro reparac'one iinius
ferri iij^'., Item Alano Bil
visitori operis v]d.

Expeiibie circa prodictam do-
raum in septimana seqiiente
anno siipradicto : In alloca-
c'onc carpcntariorum iiijs.,
In allocac'onc cementario-
rum iijo'. x</., In allocac'one
uperariorum xxvd. ob.', In
alloca'cone carectarum \s.
\yl ob.', Item uno plum-
mario"*^ ij^/., In pice et
uncis^^" id., In clavis emptis
xxxij^/. ob., Item Alano Bil
visitori operis vjc^., Summa
xviijs. ixcZ. ob.'

Ex[)ensie circa predictam do-
mum in ebdomadi ante
Annuncac'onem^^ beat;e
Mariie anno supradicto : In
mercede carpcntariorum
iiijd., In allocac'one operari-
orum xd. ob.', Item in emp-
c'one cind'^^'^ et alio racremio
empto ad opus villa,', et allo-
cac'one cariaijii carientib^^*^
xijs., Sunnna xviijs. xd. ob.'

ber bought for the use of
the town 2/-, Also for build-
ing piles, {{) 1^^ 2d., Also
to blacksmith fur the repair
of one u'on 3d., Also to Alan
Bil, clerk of the works 6d.
Exi)enses about the aforesaid
house in the follow imr week
in the above mentioned
year : In the allowance of
carpenters -i/-, In the allow-
ance of masons 3/10, In the
allowance of workmen 25id.,
In the allowance ot carts
5/G^, Also to one plumber^^e
2d., In pitch and clamps^-^^
Id., In nails bought 32^d.,
Also to Alan Bil clerk of
the works Gd. Sum 18/9i.

Expenses about the aforesaid
house in the week before
the Annunciation of the B.
V. M.^^ in the above men-
tioned year : In the pay-
ment of carpenters 4/-, In
the allowance of Avorkmen
lOkl., Also in the purchase
of piles (?y3^ and other
timber boui^ht for the use
of the town 12/-, and in the
allowance of a cart carry-
iijgHo 12/-, Sum 18/1 Oi

lu ^ i-y. .. Cdiu/lis cind'."—^ec notes -l.i, 07, 131).

ijo i' J^luiujii'triu." — A ijluiiiber, for wliich tlio word is jjioperly
Ijlu/niano.

^^~ " i'luis.''- — Ivciuliiig (.loubil'ul, |icrli;4KS c/uuips. (^Sii; also note
1132.)

^■^^ '' Annunrar'vntm \i.\.M." M:U(;li lifnli. (XoteOl).

1^'' " C'//a/'."- -.See note.-i K^ 07. The uiliiitiou (7 a/iu incrtinio
BCeiui lo re:strieL the nieaniiiL; lo I'llf^, .<ru/i(iiu(js, ur :<ciij}\>li(in(j polts.

^^"^ '' Carti niU." — .Vl'ier i-arttntis u wuid umilled, eillier find' or
*aH<infiit

/ 1

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SUREWSbURV.

Expensse in ebdomadi sequen-
te anno supradicto : In allo-
cac'one carpentaiiorum iijs.
vjrf.. In alloc.ic'une operiiri-
orum ix^/., In allocac'one
earectaj xviij\/., In nian-
beds^*^ vjj., In rcparac'ono
unius pykoyse^^- vijtZ. ob.' in
aqua et stramine emptis ijcZ.,
In mereniio ompto viijy.,
Item vibitori operis vjc/.,
JSumma xvji'. ob,'

Expensie circa dictam Aulam
in septiinana ante domini-
cam ramorum palmarum :^^'^
Anno iii/'' videlicet ij car-
pentariis iiijs. et uno cemen-
tario \)Yo viniine (?)^^^ iiijc/.,
In s}^-" In niercede operari-
oi'um X(/. ob.', In enipc'one
raercniii iiiJ6'. X(^., In .sh3n<,fcl
pinnos^"^ iij*/., Item visit«n-i
ti[)eris \J(^, .Sunmia x.s. ixi/.
ob.', Item suliiLus I'uit et
pacatns liartholomeo le
criur^'" et uarc'oiiibus .stiis

Expenses in the week follow-
ing in the above mentioned
year: In the allowance of
carpenters 3/G, In the allow-
ance of workmen 9d., In the
allowance of one cart 1/6,
In rough-stone-slabb^^^ Gd.,
In the repiiir of one pick-
axe^^^ 7|d., In water and
straw bought 2d., In timber
bought 8/-, Also to clerk of
the works 6d., Sum I6/O5.

Expenses about the said Hall
in the week before Palm
Simday:^" in tlie 4^/t year,
namely to two carpenters
4/-, and to one mason for
osiers (?/^^ 4d., In s^^^ (?) In
the payment of workmen
10^(i.,Inthe purchase of tim-
ber 4/10, In shingle pins^'*'^
.')d., Also to Clerk of the
works Gd., Sum 10/!H. Also
there was given and paid to
Bartholomew the Cricr^^^
and his men 8/2, Also there

1" ■' Man/'<Js." — A very j)oculi:ir and pu/./liu}^ wonl, yet it would
seem to mean ruicjh ^mheivn stones, sucli ;is wore u.scnl in the con-
btructiun of " Kibitvuens," wliich are culled laaenjtdd in AVelsh. This
^vol•d would sound like manbtd in the curs of a scriljc not liioiself
a Welbhnmn.

n2 !■ pijjcoyse." — The correct spelling of the word now called pick-
lue. (See Sk oat's Diet.)

^*^ ^' Jiamorum pahnin-uiii." — Pahn Sunday in 1276 fell on March
20th. The dressing of the town churches on this day continued
\nito the present century.

'■*^ " Viinine." — If this reading be coirect the nieaninf!; is twigs,
osiers, sal/tt/s, withies used for the wattle work. (See Shropshire
]\\»i/ liuok, s.v. Sai.i.v).

^-"^ " /h S." — An incomplete entry.

'"^ " S/i//n</('//dnH(S."—>^cc notes 78, 128.

'^'' " Hidihii/oi/icd li c'r/(//."--!le is de^c^ibed in ttfiju, as of the
Kind's r.iiich, and k) an ollicial of snuie iiii|nirtauce ; another name
was l><d<l/i(s{n hcadk") an olliccr charged with uussa-es, pi uclamaiiun^,
suuunonses, or other processes an uniier-bailiti' of the hundred.
(Eyton, Ulus^aii/).

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHRKWSP.URY.

73

viijs. ijtZ., Item pacatus fuit
Willolino lo soijant^'"^ versus
Burton super Trentani ad
atforandum aurum de Scac-
cario scilicet die Martis ante
festum Pascha'^^^ anno regni
re^is E. iiij'" . . . di' in.'

Expens;e circa dictam domum
in septiniana^^'' anno supra-
dicto : videlicet ij carpen-
tariis iiiji)'., In niercede unius
opcrarii viijri. ob', Item vi-
sitori ()[)cris vyl., In mero-
nuo eui[)to Vti. xd., In ve-
parac'one [)()rta5 sub castello
ijd., Sununa x']s. ijtL ob.'
Jlespice in tergo. Totum
est solutuni de ista septi-
mana ij' iij.s.^'^^

[In torgo].

Summa Solvendum est de
laereniio xxxvj.'j, xtf. ....
Solutuni est pro vino. . . .
xviij.s. iij<^. pistoribus dinii-
diuni n\are;i'.

Anno iiij.

l^xpcns.i; eiic;i. doinnni ])redie-
tani in so[)tiuiana proxiiiia
post tcstiun Clausi rasclia;'^'-
anno rtgui regis E. iiij'"
videlieit duobus earpen-
tariis per dictam septima-
nam iij^•. viij'/. llcm in

was paid to William the
Sergeant^"* for his journey
to l)Urton-on-Trent to con-
vey the gold from the
Treasury, to wit on the
Tuesday before the feast of
Plister'^'-' in the 4th year of
the reign of K Edwd. 6/H.

Expenses about the said house
in the ^veek (?)i'*o in the
above mentioned year,
namely to two carpenters
4/-, In the ])ayment of one
workman <S!d., Also to the
clerk of the works (jd., In
timber bought 5/10, In the
repair of the gate under the
Castle 2d., Sum 11/LH.

[Look in the back (of the roll)]
The whole paid from that
week 2'. 3/-i''i

Sum, To be paid for timber
30/10, Paid f(.r wine 18/8, to
the bakt-rs, lialf a mark
(0/«).

Fourth yaw.

I<]x[)enses about the house
aforesaid in the week next
after the feast of the " Close
of Easter "'•'''- in tlu; 4th year
of the ri'ign ol Iving Edward:
namely to two carpenters
for Uie said week 3/8, Also

1-*^ " WiiU'/tiio le Svrjtint. ''~^cc ii.>l(.'.s 1 aiid 20.

"'■• '' Pasvha."- In 1270 Kaslcr 1\11 nn April ^lli.

'■'" '' /)r istd S( ji/iJ/IKiUi ."• 'V\\\s is ill II lil,U;4il),lI noli' lll llic font
dl' tlic jiill, Imt il dors not, (•oii\(;y any nicaiiiiiL'.

'■■' " /j iijs."- 'riiis is incxplicaiili.'.

^^■' " l'/<nisl /'((.<c/i(i i." This festival M'ason in 1270 was from
April 121 h to 10th, I'laster hcin^ April Hth.

Vol. 111., 2n.i S. ^ .1

74

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

meremio empto vs. viijc?.,
Item pro clavis xxiij^/.,
Item in mercede operario-
rum iijrt'.jltem in allocac'one
iinius carectio \jd, Item
Alano Bil visitori operis
vic^, Summa xjs. \d.
Expensfe in septimana se-
quente anno supradicto
circa predictam domum :
In meremio empto ad ojjus
villte vs. i}d., Item in allo-
cac'one iinias carpent-arii
ijs., In scliyngel pinnes jd,
Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vjc^, Summa vijs. ixd.
In curialitatibus factis ante
festum Pascbjc^^^ anno su-
pradicto : videlicet dominis
Willelmo de Stafford, ''■'
Willelmo de Bruchull, ^''
et Ilicardo de Harley, ^^^
Rog-ero de jMortuo/^*^ ux-
ori'^*" viccconiitis, et hom-

in timber bought 5/8, Also
for nails 14d., Also in pay-
ment of workmen 3d., Also
in the allowance of one cart
2d., Also to Alan Bil clerk
of the works Gd. Sum 11/5.

Expenses in the week follow-
ing, in the year above men-
tioned about the af jresaid
house : In timber bought
for the use of the town 5/2,
Also in the allowance of one
carpenter 2/-, In shingle-
pins Id., Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works 6d, Sum
C/9. In compliments paid
before the feast of Easter^^
in the year above mentioned
namely to Sirs William de
StafFord/^^ William de
BruchuU,^^^ and Ricl'ard de
Harley,^^-' Roger M or timer,^^*^
the wife ^^^ of the Sheriff' and

Voj a ]Yill(;Jiii(, Jc Stafford." — Tills man does not a])pear in the
l)C(b;4rcc ol" tlic faniily in (). tt \\. (ii., 7!)), but he mu}' liave been
either a brother or son of Jiobert de S. there mentioned as having
married Ahee, the sister of I'eter Corbet, Ixiron of Cans.

^'-"^ " WlUdmo de Bruchull y—Qw^. Roger de Burcluill held lialf a
fee under John de Verdon in Ludlow in 1274. (Eyton v., 276).

^^'^ " likurdo dt JIarlcy—ln the 2nd Edw. ij. Rlvhis llarlc held
'pro ijrioih^ii dc lirtwood un inensiuu/, dhii olrij tcrr in la Jiolda cum
(icclcsia ibidtni ariiC Salop'. (See note 57).

i^'-J " Roc/ero de Morluo," of Chirk. (See notes 28, 70).

107 »< Uxurl viccconiitis,'" wife of the SheritT. To determine who she
was we require to know who was Sheritl" in this j'car. The Sherill" of
the previous year, Kalph, son and lieir of Uoger de M., died without
issue, in tlie Hfctime of his fattier in this very year. If suddenly and
inie.vpeetedly his lather niij^ht have taken his place until a successor
was ap[)ointed in the person of Sir IJertram de Bur^o, wiio was
Shcrill'Du June 21th, the least of St. John liapt. Mr. lUakeway, how-
ever, read imiri for ttxori, tlie actual word in tlie MS., and nuule,
therefore, Juii;«'r ile M. to bo the Sherill" at tliis time. (See notes
28, 70).

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

7d

inibus vilUie de Bruggcs,
Andoeno de Mongomery^''^
ct Ijavtholomeo le crior^^^
de Banco domini Regis :
videlicet in vino xixs. Vyl.,
Item pane vijs\ xc/. ob.',
Summa tottalis hujus curi-
alitatis xxvijs. ob'. , .

Expens;i; circa dictam domum
in septimana seqiiente :
Item in allocac'one iiniiis
carpentarii, x.w/., In cmp-
c'one meremii empti ad
opus vilho vjs. vij(?., In
factura^'^" unius sereie ad
portam castelli \']d, Alano
liil visitori operis \]d.,
Summa viijs. xi(/.

Expensa; circa dictam domum
in septimana spquento ot
ctiam (?) alia nccessaria
villffi Salop' anno supradicto:
videlicet in allocac'one
unius carpentarii \]s., In
empc'one meremii xxvijr/.
ob'. Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vj(?.,Item in quadam
curialitate facta J. de Lcy-
cester^"^ clerico domini Re-
gis y]s. iiji^'., Summa vs. '\]d.,
ob'.

Expensio circa dictam domum
in septimana sequente: vide-
licet in septimana in festo
Assenc'onis •}^^ In alloca-

to the men of the town of
Bridgnorth, to Andrew de
Mongomery,^^ and Bar-
tholomew the Crier of the
King's Bench -y^^ namely in
wine 19/2, Also in bread
17/10^, Sum total of this
compliment 27/0^.

Expenses about the said house
in the week following : Also
in the allowance of one
carpenter 20(1., In the pur-
chase of timber bought for
the use of tlie town 0/7, In
the making^*^" of one bolt to
the gate of the Castle 2d.,
To Alan Bil clerk of the
works bd., Sum 8/11.

Expenses about the said house
in the week following and
also other necessaries of the
town of Salop in the year
above mentioned : namely
in the allowance of one car-
penter 2/-, In the purchase
of timber 27id., Also to
Alan Bil clerk of the works
Gd., Sum 5/2i. Also in a
certain compliment ]jaid to
John de Leyccster^'''' clerk
of our lord tlie King (i/3.

Expenses about the said house
in the week following name-
ly in the week of the feast
of the Ascension :^^- In the

los "Andoino ilc Jfonguiurri/." — Was he tlie fatherof Griffin dc la Pole
mentioned in the endoist'nicnt ? In 1304 A. do M. had the King's
charter of free warren in Oldhury-juxta-Bruges, (Eyton i,, 134).
Sec note 114.

iw X f^,, criur.'' — See nnte 14 7.

ico li Fiirtnra." — Wlicthcr tliis was the formation of a bolt or of a
wax liglit is uncertain.''

1"'' "■John de Lci/ci'Stn:" — 1 am unable to identify this ofhcial.

1C2 " .|,ssr?(c'o»/s."— May 14th.

76

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

c'one carpentarii ijs., In al-
locac'one ij carectaruin car-
ientiumsablonem ad dictani
domum vj.r., Item in nierc-
niio empto ad o[)us vilhr
iij.v. \i\](l, Item in clavis ct
henges em})tis ad 0[)iis
villae ijs. ijd., In quadani
ccrea ad portani versus
casteliwiii (erased) viij</.
Willelmo llotales^*^'* pro iino
equoalloeatoW.le Serjant^*"'
apud Londinium iijs., Item
liicardo le Meeli ^'^^ eiinti
einn Tlioma de Bykedon'*^*"
apud Londinium xviijt/.,
Item cuidam alio garc'oni
eunti cum W. le Serjant^^*
xviijf?., Item liberatum
Tliomee Colle^^'^ pro ex pen-
sis de Londinio post puriti-
cac'onem^^ beataj Mariie \s.,
Item Alano Bil visitori
operis vjcZ. Summa \]s.

Expensa; circa dictam domum
in septimana proxima ante

allowance of a carpenter 2/-,
In the allowance of 2 carts
carrying santl to the said
house G/-, Also in timber
bought for the use of the
town 8/8, Also in nails and
hinires bought for the use
of the town 2/2, In a certain
wax light (or bolt) for the
gate towards the Castle
(erased) Sd., To William
Ilotales^'^-* for one horse
allowed to William the
Sergeant^''' to hondon 3/-,
Also to Kiehard le j\lech^°^
going withThomas de By ke-
el on^*^^ to London 1/6, Also
to a certain other foot-man
going with William the Ser-
geant^**^ 1/6, Also delivered
to Tiiomas Colle^"' for ex-
penses from London after
the Buritieation^^^ of the B.
V.M.5/-, Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works 6d., Sum
16/-
Expenses about the said house
in the week next before

^'^^ " Hotales." — Hothiillea, a ijlaco now lost, wuts a member of
Langley, near Acton Buruell. William do Hothalles was a juror for
Condover liiuulred at tlie Assizes of 1272. (Kyton vi., 1-lG). He
appears from tliis entry to have let lior.ses on hire, centuries before
Hobsou of t!aml»ridge, freijuently said to liavc been the first on
record. Letters i)ateut to restrain tlie exactions of Ilacknt'i/vien were
issued in lUtli year of Iticli. ij. A D. 1HD5, G. (Sec Cat. Rut. Pat.)
[n tlie '' liot. do forinsecis (iildic uiercatorum,' Sept. 18, 1804, there
is tliis entr) --'• AVill'iis de Ibitales, piNt(»r," wlm is more likely to liave
let liui'scs than tlie man lirst ment ioncd, if he were nut the .same ])erson.

"■'' " W. le Sirj,tnt."~'Si^ii notes 1 iind 20.

''" '■ Hifdii/d /f Mill." A|ijiarently a .si i ;ui;4(;i', one lluhert le MoU
in Ji I j'ldw. i. died sci/cd of a y'/(<c<', a I'lvmt/, and a Inntsi- in York.

^'■'' " 7'/iu/,Hi ,f, /!///,;, /(,,!." Sci' note IT).

"" " 7'/,„ma Cu//,','' ItitililV in I.'CIJ. (Src note 28;) bel..w).

'"^ •' rurilirnvnnnn H.V.M."- I'eb. 2, 127(1.

bailiffs' accounts of sbrewsbury.

77

PeRtecosten^*^'-^ anno supia-
(licto : videlicet in alluca-
c'one unius carpentarii \]s.,
Item in meromio empto ad
o[)Us vilhe xxxjt/., In allo-
cac'one u[)eraiioruni iiijc/. ,
Item visitori operis xiji/.,
►Sum ma \s. vd.

Item in eurialitatibus factis
diversis justiciariis^''^ in
diota septimana,xxiJ6., Item
iuallocac'oue xviij hominum
servientumctcustodientium
pojites ad (sic) portas ad
nuiidinas iijs. vijci., In calceu
empto ad <»pus vilke xy.,
Item liartholomeodel^rade-
ford^"'^ pro dcliberac'one
uviaiii^''^ {'.) Johannis Ga-
mei,'^- A. Clement etaliorum
catailurain^'''^ (?) su})er le
oldefild iJ6.i'^
In ebdomadisequente in clavis
et mcremio emptis ad o[)iis
villie iijy. vij^.,ltem in btra-

Whitsiinday^'^''' in the year
above mentioned : namely
in the allowance of one car-
[jenter 2/-, Also in timber
bought tor the use of the
town 31(1., In the allowance
of uorkmam 4<l., Also to
Clerk of the works 12d.,
.Sum ol6.

Also in compliments paid
to several Justices in the
said week 22/-, Also in tbe
allowance of eighteen men
serviu!'' and jTuui-dinir the

o o o

bridges at the gates at the
tairs 3/7, In lime bought
for the use of tlie town 10/-,
Also to Bartholomew do
]3radefoixP"" for the libera-
tion of the sheep (?)'''^ of
John CJamel,^'- Alan Cle-
ment, and of other chattels
(O^'^upon the Olde iildi'i2/-.
In the week following in nails
and timber bought for the
use of the town 3/7, Also in

"■■•' " l',„t,ru^iut ''- -^fay lil, lliTO.

''" ■' ISiDiliultHUku ill- /y/'«(/(7'o;v/."— -I'obbibly the same as ]i. le crior
(see note 117). Tlio family seem to have belongcil U) Hcrefordshiie.
One John dc 11. wus phiiutitt' in a suit eouceniiiig lands in Ludfurd,
Nov. iMh, 1290. (Kytun).

'' ■' Dilihi i(ti-\in,-." - Inability to decipher satisfaetorily two word.s
in this line spoils an interestinj^' item of loeal iiistorv, o\'n\in pr<)h(dily

follows d(liliiia>:\/Hr.

^''- '* JuhKunes Gnmcl " and Nicholas Ive in the endoisement are
culled Kint/s' attornci/s.

^''^ " (Jatalli)miu." — (Uliattels), A conjecture only, a word of five
letters nearly illegible.

'■ ' " 0/d,f'rid:' — h\ Trans. \>i\. xi., «J1, it will be seen that this place
was on the island of Cotou. ])i)s.sibly, as the name implies, the earliest
clearing in a well wooded tract. In the chirter granted hy Roger de
M. to the .Mihc}' " a little land called A/defV/fh on the other side of
till' MimIc" is mcMitioned ((). \- I'., ij., 11), and the historians of
Shr(!wsliury give this explanation in a note - " AKU'tV'lth is Old Field,
a spot on whicii the trees had been hUrd from "/,/ time."

78

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

mine empto ail parietes ij.s-.,
Item in ij sereeis ad lios-
tios'"'*''sul»ter Aii];o vd., Item
in lapidibus cnij)tis ad . }'•'
Aulam vs. vj^/., Item Alano
Bil visitori o[)eris vj(/.,
Sum ma xvij.s. viij(/.
Exj)ensa! tactic circa })redictam
(loraura in septimana se-
quente : videlicet ij carpen-
taviis))erdictamseptimanam
iiijs., In allocac'one plans-
trariorum^'^ circa parietes
domus vj.5, iijc/., In empc'one
pendulorura et crocorum^"^
ad ostia dictic domus vijc/.,
Item in empc'one meremii
ad opus vill.'e vs. i[]d„ Item
in allocac'one ij carectarum
servient inm sablonem ad
dictam domum xxij^Y., In
empc'one aqu;e x'l'yl., Item
visitori 0})eris vj<-?., Summa
x'lxs. vd. In quadam curia-
litatc fncta domino Ilugoni
le Dcspencer^^'^ jnsiiciario
de IVoresta xlv6. vij</. Solu-
tum est Jxicardo garc'oni
Nicliohe Ive,^"^ Rogero filio
Ilugonis Lugli,^^*^ et Roberto

straw bought for the walls
2/-, Also in two bolts (or
locks) for the doors under
the Hall 5d., Also in stones
bought for . . .1'^ the Hall
5/G, Also to Alan Bil clerk
of the works Gd., Sum 17/8.
Ex])enscs incurred about the
aforesaid house in the fol-
lowing week : namely to two
carpenters for the said week
4/-, In the allowance of plas-
terers^^'^aboutthewallsofthe
house G/*^, In the purchase of
hor)ksand staples(^)^''"for the
doors of the said house 7d.,
Also in the purchase of tim-
ber for the use of the town
5/3, Also in the allowance of
two carts serving sand at
said house 22d., In the pur-
chase of water 12(1,. Also to
clerk of the works 6d,, Sum
10/5. In a certain compli-
ment paid to Sir Hugh ie
Despencer'^'* Justice of th(!
Forest 45/7, There was paid
to Richard servant of Nicho-
las Ive,^'^'-* to Roger son of
HuLih Lui{h'^''and to Robert

'"'■' ' //<)sft(js." — All error lor (js/ia, doors (see six lines below).

'"■'' " A(/. . . " — After <(i/ a word illegible but redundant.

'•'"' " I'hiHulidrioruin."- — See note 191 below.

'" " l\ ii<fii/i>rii)ii ('( ("I'Dcoixiii."-- 'i\><^('\\\cv nr.iy mean hi)i(/t;.':, /K'/Kfn-
liiiii the hook, and rroriis I lie staple, but. I Ids is only eonjeetural.
Urocits in st)ino authors stands for eurled liair, or what is sonict lines
called a love-lock, and so ini;:lit well be u^ed for staj)le. '^Blount sub
voce).

ITS II Jit,,i,i,)i /,. J >( s/i( net I "' ,/iist/ciii/iiis Auijlin. He held lands in
Leiccstc ishire li'iii|). lien. iij. as well as in Koteland, lUieks,
(Ilonceolci-, and Sut haniiilon.

'■■' " i\ic/i(ili((r Ii'c." — Set! notes 7.S and 172 above.

"'" " lIuijnniA Liii/li" — Not elsewhere found, but Lowtli is in the
Morchant's Cild.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHUi:\VSHURY.

70

le Lanendeyer^*^^ pro I'erro
et clavis emj^tis ad opus
villas xiJ6'. iiijc?.
Expensae circa dictam domum
ia septimaua scquente : vi-
delicet ij carpeiitariis xl(/.,
Item plans trariis paiietuin
iij.b'. vijc^., Item in aqua vj(/.,
Item in meremio empto
viijti., Item in una cerea^*^-
ad eandam \']d., Item iu
ferro empto ad opus vilhe
de Ricardo de Colnhaui gar-
c'oni^^^ N. Ive, Item libera-
tum ilugoni Gregorii^^^ pro
quadam brevi xltZ., Item
Alano Bil visitori operis vie/.,
Summa xii.^-. \\d.

ExpensiL! circa dictam do-
mum in septimana sequente
auno supradicto : videlicet
ij carpentariis iiijs., Item
plaustrarioribus parietum
\s. ob.', In stramine viijc/.,
In aqua 'wd.. In meremio
empto xxt^., In allocac'one
unius carectie xij^/., Item
visitori operis y]d., In qua-
dam curiulitatel'acta domino
liugoni de Audfley''^'^' ij.s.

the lanendeyer^^^ for iron
and nails bought for the use
ot the town 12/4'.
Expenses about tlie said house
in the week following name-
ly to two carpenters 40d.,
Also to plasterers of the
walls 3/7, Also in water 6d.,
Also in timber bought 8d.,
Also in one wax light (or
bolt'/^- for the same Gd.,
Also in iron bought for the
use of the town of Richard
of Coluham^^^ servant of
Nicholas IvG (amount not
given) Also delivered to
Hugh Gregory i^'for a certain
writ 40d., Also to Alan Bil
clerk of the works Gd., Sum

i2;g.

Expenses about the said house
in tlie following week in th(;
yearabovementioned, name-
ly to two car[)enters 4/-,
Also to plasterers of the
walls 5/0^, In straw 8d., In
water 9d., In timber bought
20il., In the allowance of
one cart 12d., Also to the
clerk of the works Gd., In a
certain conqjliincnt paid to
Sir Hugh de Audeloy 2/U'^'

>s^ "Zf lanendci/er.^' — A dcsi^'iuition liiirdeuing into u surname.

isi; " C<re<( {or ccrra) ad (ttudi m " wax: liylit fur tlio same, but 1
perhaps a bolt or lock — scfia.

1.S3 ^^ (jiorio/w." — Here a confidential servant, ycneraliy a baggage
rider, guard or groom.

'^' "■ llmiuiil ^'/■('/"'■''•"--Not jlst'w licie mentioiieil, but a lawyer or
I'ourl olliiiai who prepared wiits. A i'urtlier entiy, w licic he is coiiiiled
wiili 'III. lie Hykedon, marivs him out a.s rithuroiie of the bailills oi' a
burgi'NS to I'arliamimt.

^'^^ " //«-/oy;/ (/(■ /l/('AY( // " or .Mditheley. 'I'he Audh'vs were loriis
of Ivlgmond auil Newport in the Ibth centnty.

80

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

ixd, Item pro brevibus peti-
tis^^^ pro J. Gamel, Alano
Clement, Ricardo Att&y-
atte/^' et et'iam (?) pro dic-
tis Johanne et Alauo scilicet
V brevia xji., brevia qiue
vocantur recordaria.^^^ Sum-
ma xxvijy. iiijt/. ob.', Item
liberatum W. leserjant iiijs :
scilicet pro missis'^""'' Item
pro iij cercis^^- xviij(/., Sum-
ma tottalis xxA'ij.s. \\\]d.

Anno v^°

Expensai circa predictam
domum in septimana prox-
ima ante translac'onom
Sancti Benedicti Abbatis,''"^
anno rejzni reikis v''' vi<leli-
cet ij car[)entariis perse[)ti-
manam iiij.-^'., In aqua viij(/.,
Item in allocac'oiui plaus-
trariorum '" ws. wVyl., Jn
stramine ixJ., Item pro
mercedo et allocac'one car-
rectarum xlf/., Item pro ij''
clavoruin xijt^., Item in una
iluodeno ierri em[)ta d(^
llicardo lo ti( n iU'i'{( tavi'rn-
er) xviij(/., Item de eodem
Iticardo pro cla\'is a se

Also in writs sued^^*' for
John Game], Alan Clement,
liicliard Atteyatte/**^ and in
addition for the said John
and Alan to wit five writs
which are styled reconl-
ar'ia^^'^ Sum 27/4.1, Also
delivered to William the
Sergeant 4/- : to wit for
rnntises (?)^^^ Also for three
wax lights^^- 14d.,Sum total
27/«.

Fifth year.

Expenses about the aforesaid
house in the week next
before the Translation of
St. Tjonedict Abbot''"' in the
.5"' year uf the King namely
to two carpenters for the
week 4/-, In water 8d., Also
in the allowance of plas-
terers''-^^ 5/4, In straw Ud,,
Also in tilt' hiring and allow-
ance of carts 40(1., Also for
two iiundred ot nails 12d.,
Also in one dozen of iron
bought of Kichard the tan-
ner (or tavorner) LSd., Also
of the same Richard for
nails bou'dit from him 12d.,

ISO ^^ Jjirriius jxlit/s."— This line is obboure, but there is a possible
reference to the suit widi the Abbot of Saloj). 0. & 15. i., 121), 130.

1S7 I. J^lmrdi) Af(( i/atfc."- — One Jioi/er (ie la Yate, i.e., Atteyatte,
Attebate, or dn Porta was l)ailitf in lOOO, 1972, 3. (See note 213).

'^^ " 7iVcry/v/<ovV/.''— " A wi'it clh'cctcd to the SheritV to remove a
cause, depending in an inferior Courc, as court of ancient denicsne,
hundred, or county, to the King's I'ench or conniion pleas,"

'■'^'' '' /\'o i/iissis." = b'or tilings or persons sent, ov more likely still,
for i)/((-:si .■<, as ir is followe 1 by (v ;v/v, wax lij^hts.

^'•"^' '■ Sioirli J>i luilirti Aldi(i(is."—\\\)^ t r.ui.slat iou was kejit on July
11th. 'I'herc were r-/cVs of this Snint \i\ the .Milicy "de Sc'o Bene-
dicts Al.b'c." (O. it n. ii., i:".).

''" '■ /'/ii/i.-itrtii/nniii/." The woi'd /ildiislnii/iis is found in Uljnan
for a ii;h/n/nr, in L((/ii/ii/'/iii.-< for a c<(rfivri<//it, but here it is used to
signify a plasterer. (See notes Sf) and 101).

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

I

Also of one dozen of iron
bought from Roger Logli
and for nulls 2/2, Also for
clamps and rings^''- 18d.,
Also to one sawyer 3d,, Also
for carriage of piles (?) ^°^
Gd., Also in working of
three hooks^''^^ for the door
and staplesi^* 3/-, Also to
clerk of the works Gd., Sum
25/G.

Expenses incurred about the
aforesaid house and also
about the repair of the
bridge of S*^ George in the
year above mentioned name-
ly to one carpenter 2/-, Also
to two paviours 48d , Also
to three men serving the
said paviours 2/G, In tiio
allowance of a cart 3/4, Also
'or fotu" [liles^^^ bought
for the use of the town 2/9,
Also for seven planks^^^ and
one balk of timber bought
tor the use of the town 7|d.,
Also lor two S[)ades^''^ 4(1.,
Also for cloth bought to
cover planks^'-'-""' 15(1., Also to

102 n ^i rdnc/lt's." — (). & li. re;ul vorliveili.s, and nudio it to mean,
" the cavity wliich rcccivc.-i ihu bolt of :i lock," tcchiiicaliy called the
box (i., 121J), but the word here is vn-tincl/i.f, wliich is i'.ho used for
rings, vertiucHa a gem or ring. (Morell).

i'!^3 " 6'/«rr."— See notes 49, G7, 139.

''•" " I'tuduliiruia it fjororuin.'^ — See note 177.

'•'^ " 7'<>/W//.s-."— See notes 10 und '21.

I'.ir.a (( '/'n/„//()s" — 'Pin; context heio throws doubt upon the meanin<'-
of " worked stone slabs" which i h;ive ^-iven above ysee notts 10, I'l,
120) to this word. Why should </'j(k (pannus) be used to cover stone
sldb.'i? It niai/ mean taliLs or even plan/iS.

''^ " V(in<ii.s." — T'/z^'/a [ii'oiierly sij^uiliijs a military weapon /?^e a
spade, ii'iri'ds' /Jaro/f' anno ll'JS says " TO/'/c' fnctum rsf id riisfici
mi/irnli lutnyis tt fus/di us ( sir } ,(ssiirli nn/iis m il ilitiilms i/Uniiinlii r
uii'tti, cfc." A/yj is the usual word for spade, but j'ossi.i- is also
used. (SeeO. & B. ij., 40, n).

Vol. III. 2ud S. K

emptis xx'yl., Item d (sic)
duodena; ferri et ij peces
emptis do Kogero Jjogh et
pro clavis ijs. ijd., Item pro
uncis et vertinellis^''^- xviijf?.
Item imo sawyatori iijt^.,
Item pro cariagio cind' '•'■
vic^., Item in opere iij pen-
dulorum ^'■'* ad hostium et
crocorum^^'^ iijj-., Item visi-
tori operis vjtZ., Summa
XX vs. vjJ.
Expensae fact;e circa predic-
tam domum et etiam circa
reparac'onem pontis Sancti
Georgii, anno supradicto :
videlicet uno carpontario
ijs. Item ij paviatoribus
xlviijtZ., Item iij hominibus
s^rvientibus dictis pavia-
toribus ij.s. \d., In alloca-
c'onc carecta; iij.s. iiijof.,
Item pro uij cind'^'-^^ em[)iis i

ad 0[)us vilhe iji- ix(/., Item
pro vij tabellis^'''' et luio
ligno emptis ad opus vill;i'
vij(^. ob.', Item pro ij van-
gis^'-^*^ iiij(Z., Item pro panno
empto ad cot)[)toriiuu tabel-
los'''-'' xv(/-, Item visitor!

82

JJAIIJl'FS ACCOUNTS OF SHRKWSliURY.

operis vj(^., Item pro sin-
gles^^° id., (erased) i\]d.,
Item pro cavillis cind' ^'-^^
In curialitate facta domino
K. de jMortuo mari^^^ et
Hiicfoni Ilakclu. . . ^^'^ ixs.,
Summa xxiijs. xd. ob.'
Item liberatum Thomto
Reyner pro rcdditu unius

Jlacete in Mardefolo ij^. vj(?.
tem Johanni deColnham'-'^'^
pro phnnbo c)n[)to adji[jur
(?)-^^ nundinarum \d.

Expensse diversiE facta3 circa
nogotium villie in scptimana
ante diem beati Jaeobi-'^-
Apostoli anno snpradicto :
Videlicet in allocac'one ij
paviatorium per dictam
septimanam iij.s,, In alloca-
c'one nniiis carectiC iiro
istis iiijs. iij(?., Item pro
mercedo operariorum ijs.
iij(7., Item pro ij peces ferri
yjd., Item pro opere ejus-
dem \d., Item pro stramine
yl, Item in mille clavis et
iatnaylls wd., Item in
erapc'one unius ccreaB pen-
dentis ad posternam 203
juxta domum J. le liar-

the clerk of the works 6d.,
Also for shinfdes^^^ Id.
(erased) iiijd,, Also for piles
for foundations {^y^^ ijd., In
a comi)limcnt jiaid to Sir
Roger Mortiiner^'''^ and Hugh
Hakclu . . . :''■' !)/-, Sum
28/lOA., Also delivered to
Tiiomas Reyner for the rent
of a jihice in ^lardcfole 2/G,
Also to John of Colnham-'^'^
for lead bought for the
prodam(dion (0"^^ of the
fairs 5d.
Diiferent expenses incurred
about the business of the
town in the week befere the
day of the Blessed James-*^-
the Apostle in the above
mentioned year namely in
the allowance of two pavi-
ours for the said week 3/-,
In the allowance of one cart
for them 4/3, Also for the
payment of workmen 2/3,
Also for two pieces of iron
Gd., Also for the working of
the same 5d., Also for straw
Id., Also in a thousand nails
and lath nails 15d., Also in
the purchase of one wax
1 igh t to iiang at the i)ostcrn"''-'^

i''7 ",SVu7/r,s."— See above note 128.

i''-' " Cavd/is ,■//,,/'."— Sec notes v.], G7, 139.

10s " /^ ,/,, i/iurlno miD't'."— Sec- notes 2S antl 70.

I'.to <i Jlugonl llalclu. . ." — The lliikeluyls or Ifaekeluts were a
Worcestershire family where Edmund Il.liad free warren in Crokbarwe
and Whitin^-tcn.

200 <i Colidiam." — The suburb now Unown hy tlic misnomer Ildlevue.

201 ^' fiipir' nnndinaniin."— This item i-equires explanation. The
reading //V/Hr' is doubtful, it may be di/miiu, the word also reads s/^/n'.

-^- ''Beat! Jai'ubi"—i\\\y 25th. The monks at the Abbey had
nlics of him " de ossibtis Sc'i Jact>hL Ap'li et de st.ila (jus tt Ji> sppidrro
ejus." (0. k B. ij., 43).

203 ' Post>rnr(77i,'' — The situation of this postern is net known. (See
note 18).

BAILIFK.S ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

83

bur"^ \d., liberatum J.
Dauwe-"^ Item visitor!
operis \]d., Suinma xij^'.
. viijJ.

Expensui in septimuna ante
(liein beati retii-'-^'^ quod
dicitur atl vincula anno
su])radicto: videlicet in nier-
cede uniiis ear})entaiii ijj-.,
Item in allocae'one unnis
carectie tralientis sablonem
ij^., Item in mcreede oper-
ai'iorum xvt^., Item pro
scalib-'^' emptis y\\\d., Item
})ro empc'one et tonsura-^'
panni \\]d., Item pro cordis
et bac'iis-*^^ iijd, Itejn in
curialitatibus factis : vide-
licet llugoni de Audele}'^*^'-*
et aliis ij«. i.\</., Item pro
diversis rebus operatis per
Thomam le loksmyth -^°
inj<^/., Item in xij gare'oni-
bus stantibus ud ])ortas
tempore nundinarum-'^^ sci-
licet beati Tetri-'^^ ijs. iijd.,
Item pro brevibus : scilicet

near the house of John the
Uarber 5d., delivered to J.
Dauwe,'-'^^ Also to the clerk
of the works Gd., Sum 12/8.
Expenses in the week before
the day of Blessed reter^"^
Avhich is called "ad vincula"
in the above-mentioned
year, namely in the payment
of one carpenter 2/-, Also in
the allowance of one cart
drawing sand 2d., Also in
the jjayment of workmen
15d.,Also for ladders bought
8d.,'"" Also for the purchase
and shearing-*^^ of cloth 3d.,
Also for cords and staples^*^"
3d., Also in compliuients
paid, namely to Hugh de
Audley2'5''^ and others 2/9,
Also lor ditferent things
done by Thomas the lock-
smitli^^*^ 4d., Also in twelve
footmen standing at the
gates at the time of the,
lairs"-'^ to wit of the Blessed
Peter-^^ 2/3, Also for writs.

-"' " J. Daiiwe " — Thu iianio Bauwe i.s found iu 0. A: 13. ij , 521, n.
Dauwt nccura iu the (j'ild Merchant.

205 ii' Beati Petri:' — Aiu. 1st.

200 ti Scalis." — Ladders seems the best rendciuig. in after ages it
would have possibly meant slates.

-^'' *•' Tunsura." — "■ iShearitoj of clotli " was the occupation of the
sheanuen, wliose hall still e.vists. To what use the clotli was put
in this case does not ap})ear.

-'■''''' Z>t(c7/6'." — Strictly stieks or rods. 1 have rendered it i^«^>/t'8,
as though the diminutive of baca, the stajjle for the bar of a door,
but baeiduni is a bier, Fr. Lacier.

""'•* " J/ui/oui de Audelt//." — See note 185.

■Jio u ThoiiKtni le liiLsiitT/lh." — One of the few instances of mechanics'
names hcin;;' ^ivoii.

-'' '• Auiulinariim.'' — -In Koger de Montgomery's Charter to the
Abbey he says, " 1 conunanded also that, at the feast of St. Peter,
the people of the whole ja-uvince should meet in the same place at a

84

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

lOL'orclariis,'-'- pio Juhanne
Gamel et Alano Clement et
Kogero Atteyatte-'^ versus
Abbatem de LilleshuU "^^
xiJ6'., Item visitori operis
vjc/., Snmma (caret) Item
Hus-'oni Gre''orii-''' x\s.

Expens:e in jieptimana ante
festum-i^ bcati Laurentii
anno supradicto: In alloca-
c'une unius carpentarii ij«.,
In allocac'une operariorum
xiij^/., Item visitori (»[)eris
\jd., Item Rotrero illar'--''
consanguineo \V. tie llcre-
ford-^^ vJ6'. ixc/. ob.', Item,
pro cordeo ad tabellos ij<^.

to wit, rccordatory-^- for
Jolni Gamel, and Alan Cle-
ment.and Koger Atteyatte^^^
against tlio Abbot of Lillcs-
iruU-'-* 12/-, Also to clerk of
the works 6d., Sum (want-
ing), Also to Hugh Gregory-''''
■id/-.
Expenses in the week before
tlie festival-'^ ot Blessed
Laurence in the year above
mentioned : In the allow-
ance of one carpenter 2/-,
In tlie allowance of work-
men 13d., Also to the clerk
of tlie works Gd., Also to
Roger Hilkry^^^ cousin (or
kinsman) of W. de Here-
ford^i^ 0/9 5, Also for cord
for the planks (?y'i-' 2d.

fair for three days yearly and tlie monks should have the vliole toll
or profit of it." (0. & 13. ij., 12).

•J12 "^ JiccorJariis." — See note 188.

-^^ '' liofjero Attt-yatle," Bailift" in 13G0, 1372, 3. (See note 187).
One Henry Atteyate was manucaptor (surety or rnainpernour) at
Bridgnortli in 13U9. Roger de Foryate, Bailitl' in 1375, is also styled
Atteyate or de la yaU-.

-^* '' Abtiutem de LilleshuU.'' — liuUrt de Arkdaw was assented to
by the King, June 15th, 1253. He lived eert.iinly to 1201^, :ind it
would seem from existing documents to about 1270, for on Nov. 20th,
1270, the custody of the Abbey, then vacant, was entrusted to the
Convent by Patent, which paid 20 marks for the privilege. On
Nov. 3()th, 1270, the royal assent was given to the election of Win.
de Hales, late I'rior, who had the lem[)oralilies restored to him by a
third patent of Dec. IGtli, 1270. He occurs as Abbot in 1272, 3, and
b.'\ Lucas occurs as Abbot in 1277, and died in November, 1282.
^Vhen Lucas was elected is not known, but most probably he was the
Abbot alluded to in this roll.

215 <•' llugoni Gregorii." — See note 18-1.

2>6 " Beati Laritrnlii." — Aug. lOlli. (See note 5:)).

-^T '' Ro</rro illar."— hi 17th Edw. iij., -llh May, the Earl of
Arumlel writes concerning the indictment of 37 burj^'esses at Wenlock
before Monsieur Roger Hillary for some crime, which had the appear-
ance of felony. ((). & 15. ij., 521).

-'*^ " IK. (/(■ ILnJonl." — l<'urther on styled (loininus.

''•• " 7'u6e//as."— See notes 10, 12G, and 195.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

85

Expenste circa diversa opera
villte in septimana ante as-
su'pc'onem--^ beata^ Maris :
In allocac'one carpentario-
rum viijs., In operariis ix(/.,
cum aliis iij, (sic).

Expensje in septiniana sequen-
te : videlicet in allocac'one
carpentariorura vjs., Item in
curialitatibus missis domino
F. le liloLuul--^ V6'. vjcZ.,Item
eidem F. in feno et avenis
xxx(^, In sindnl' cmpl'---'
xvj(/., Item in bordis iijc/.,
In ciavis x(/.

In septimana sequente in me-
remio xxix(i5., In quadani
sirura''^-^ xviijcZ., Item in
septimana sequente in qua-
dam curialitate facta domi-
no Ade de Uochely--* ij.s. ixd,
In carpentariis et operariis
iiJ8., In ciavis vijd, Item in
septimana sequente in di-
versis rebus et operariis vjs.
viijc/., Item in allocac'one ij
equornm allocatorura ad
opus Kicardi Fryde--^ et N.
le spicer--'' apud Londinium
ad parliamentum tentum,
anno v*" vij.s.

Item liberatum Alano Bil
visitori operis ad pacand'
diversis hominibus pro ferro
et ciavis ab ipsis emptis ad
o[)Us vilhe per diversas jiJrt*"-
tic/as'-^^ (?) ixs. ix^^.

Expenses aboutditi'erent works
of the town in the week
before the Assumption--'^ of
the 13. V. M. : In the allow-
ance of carpenters 8/-, In
workmen 9d. with other 3
^ (sic).

Expenses in the week follow-
ing : namely in the alioAv-
ance of carpenters 6/-, Also
in compliments sent to F.
Ic lilound--^ 5/6, Also to the
same F. in hay and oats 2/6,
In building piles(?)--"- bought
IGd., Also in boards, 3d., In
nails lOd.

In the week following, In
timber 2/5, In a certain
loek-23 I8d., Also

In the week following in a
certain compliment paid to
Sir Adam de Rochely--^ 2/9,
In carpenters and workmen
3/-, In nails 7d., Also

In the week following in
various matters and in
workmen 6/8, Also in the
allowance of two horses set
apart for the work (journey)
of Jiichard Prydeand Nicho-
las the Spicer to London at
the i'arliament held in the
fifth year 7/-, Also delivered
to Alan liil clerk of the
works to pay various men
for iron and nails by them
bought for the use of the
town at different times"^9/9.

■'" " Assupcunein B.V.M."— Aug. 15th. (See note 61).

2'' " /-'. /(' BIiHind." — Of him I find no other record.

--'- '• Scndul." — See notes 43, G7, and 139,

--•' " Sirn7-a." — Sec note 30.

^-* ^^ Adc de Jiorhr/i/." — Tlio latter part of tliis name ia indistinct.

-■-^ " Pdrtic/as," — The word is doubtful.

86

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHIlEWsBURY.

Expensai in septimaua sequeii-
te videlicet carpentariis et
operariis iJ6'. \i]d., Item in
clavisemptisetunatabella--^
xiijcZ., Item visituri uj)eris
\'}d., Item liberatum Nicho-
lai le s})icer--" et Kieardo
Pryde--^ ad parliament um
euiitibus apiid J^ondiiiium
aimo v*^", lxviii6\ vij(^

Expensie factie scilicet in
cui'ialitatibus factis domino
H. de Audeley--" vjy. xd.,
Item liberatum Alano Bil
visitori operis pro diversis
rebus emptis ad opus villce
vjs. \']d., Item Alano Bil
visitori operis pro vj sep-
timanis iijy., Item liberatum
Tlioma; de Bykedon'--^" et
Hugoni Gregorii-^' pro di-
versis expensis apud Lon-
dinium in xv'"' -^- Sancti
Micliaelis--^"^anno regni regis
E. v'^'' viij m' vj.s. viij(i^.

Item in septimana proxiina
post festum omnium Sanc-
torum-"^* expensie xix(/. ob.'
Item in allocac'one ij gar-
c'onum euntium apud Lon-
dinium cum Thoma CoUe-^^

Ex{)enses in the week follow-
ing, namely, to carpenters
and workmen 2/7, Also in
nails bought and in one
plank (:')--^ 18(1., Also to the
clerk ot ihe works Gd., Also
delivered to Nicholas the
Spicer'--' ..V: Richard Pryde'--^
going to Parliament at
Jjondon in the 5"' year (icS/7.

Ex[)enses incurred : to wit, in
complinieuts paid to Sir H.
de Audeley---' G/10, Also de-
livered to Alan Bil clerk ol
the works for various things
bought for the use of the
town G/G, Also to Alan clerk
of the works for G weeks 3/-,
Also delivered to Thomas
do Bykedon-^'^ and Hugh
Gregory--^* for various ex-
penses at London in the
qaiiuhne--^' of St. Michael-^^
in the fifth year of King
Edward eight marks, six
shillings ami eightjjence.

Also in the week after the
festival of All Saints/-'^' ex-
penses 19 id-, Also in the
allowance of two footmen
going to London with
Thomas CoUe-^^ and Thomas

226 «' Tabella."—Soc notes 10, 21, 126, and 195,

"^"^"^ ^^ Nicholas It Sjticcf." — Spicer — opicicr, a seller of spices, a
grocei*. N. le Sp. and li. Prydc seem to have been the burgesses of
Parliament this year.

228 '' Ricardo Fryde."~^K:M notes 19 and 120.

■"9 " J7. dc Aiuhhy."—)^^c note 185.

230 " Th. df J>i/{tdon."—Scii note 15.
2:11 " 7/7/,/0/u Greijurii." — See note 18-1.
•n-i «' XVna,'" quindena.— See note 32.
233 «' Sti. Mkh(tclis."—iSci>i. 2l)th.

231 '^ Om7iiu)it f':>aiicloru)ii." — Nov. 1st.

23S " Thoma Code.'' — See note 167. Tliomas and Hugh Colle in
1278 grant a yearly rent of iOs, to Sir lliehd. I'o.v, chaplain, in re-

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

et Thoma de Bykedon ante
festum Sancti ^Michaelis-^^
anno v'*", In allocac'one iij
hominum ad portas scilicet
versus Abbathiam et sub
castello iijs,,'-^^In allocac'one
equi Ricardo Ifarachirche
allocato cum Thoma Colle'-^^
iijs., Item indiversis expen-
sis circa villam xviijW.. In
empc'one unius batelli empti
ad opus domini W. de Here-
ford XV8., In allocac'one
Ricardi le Becher^^^ euntis
cum Thoma Colle et Thoma
de Bykedon aj)U(l Londin-
ium ante festum Sancti
Michaelis anno supradicto
ijs. et iK.d., dominica ante
concepc'onem-**'beatiOi\Iaria?
Item liberatum Alano Bil
visitori operis pro mercede
iiij se[)timanarum ijs., In
empc'one unius ccreai viijc/.,
in die dominica in crastino
circu'cisiojiis-^^ Domini anno
reu'ni rofds Mv'": videlicet
Alano Bil visitori operis pro
mercede ij septinianarum

de Bykedon before the fes-
tival of S' :Michael238 in the
fifth year, In the allowance
of three men at the gates :
to wit, towards the Abbey
and under the Castle^^^ 3/.^
In the allowance of a horse
to Richard Hamchirche ap-
pointed to go with Thomas
(Jq11q238 o^__ ^jgQ jj^ various

expenses about the town
18d., In the purchase of one
boat bought for the use of
Sir W. de Hereford 15/-, In
the allowance of Richard le
l^echer-^^going with Thomas
Colle and Thomas de Byke-
don to London before the
festival of St. Michael in the
year above mentioned 2/9,
The Sunday before the con-
ception of the B. V. :M.,2^o
Also delivered to Alan Bil
clerk of the works as pay-
ment for four weeks 2/-, In
the purchase of one wax
light (?) 8d.,0n the Sunday
on the morrow of the Cir-
cumcision^^^ of our Lord in

garil of their father and niotlicr, Thos. and dame Agnes, and of their
griindfathftr and grandmother, ITngh and tiame Agnes, which grant
was witnessed by Tlios. de Bikedon and Wm. le Parrnenter, Bailiffs,
Riclui. Pride, Jolin de Lodelowe, Galfrid Bondolf, Roger le Forde, and
William liorreye. (0. & B. ij., 4G7, 8). J homas Jili^ifi Hngonis^ Colle
appears in the Hotiilns Cilihc Mercatorum in 1281.

2^' " Siih caMclh)." — In after times there «ere two e;atcs here.

-^^ " riuniia Co//r."— Sec above notes 107 and 235. The Richard
Hamchirche who was appointed t() <^() with Thomas Colle is mentioned
in the Kotnlns ile Forinseci.s Gildto Meroati;rum of 1304 as liicavln^
(If llainrlilnhc jiiAtar, ]i. 22.

-'■='•' " /ur,ir<li> le /itr/ti'r"—Uodic (mlr/n r.

210 " /;,,„^,. /JA,r/(r."— Dec. 8th.

-■'1 '' Cnisfini) Circn'ci^itmis." — Dec. Slat.

88

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY.

xijc?., Item in allocac'one ij
hominiim portantiura petras
vjd.

ExpeiiSiu circa quoddam in-
geniiim quod vocatus sprin-
ganc : ^^^ videlicet Ada;
le'gynior pro opere ejus per
iij septimanas sequentes
ixv., Item in ferro empto
xijV., Item pro uno ligno

VJ(?.

In festo'^^^ beati Gregorii
Pontiticis anno rei^ni recris
E. v'° diversiu sunt ex-
pensaj, sic in allocac'one
unius equi allocati apud
Eboracura cum Thoma do
P)ykctlon iij\>-. vj(/, Item in
allocac'one iinius equi a[)ud
Iviitliyn cum A! agist ro
Adamo le Sautcloi'-" viiji/..
Liberatum ij garc'onibus
euntibus cum Thoma de
Bykedon apud Eboracum
iijs., In festo rascli.'o^*'''' liber-
atum est Alano Bil visitori
operis pro mercedo iij sep-
timanarum xviijc/., In dicht
(?) Pascha; anno v'" libera-

the fifth year of King
Edward, namely to Alan Bil
clerk of the works as pay-
ment for two weeks 12a.,
Also in the allowance of
two men carrying large
stones Gd.
Expenses about a certain
engine called a Springunc^*^
namely to Adam the Gun-
ner for his work during
three successive weeks 9/-,
Also in iron bought 12d.;
Also for one balk of timber
Gd.

In the festival of the Blessed
Gregory, the popc,-^^ in the
fifth year of tiie reign of
King Edward there were
various expenses, thus, in
the allowance of one horse
appointed to York with
Tlionias do Bykedon 8/G,
Also in tlic allowance of one
horse to Kutliin with Master
Adam le Santcloi''=" 8d.,
Delivered to two footmen
going with Thomas de ]^yke-
don to York 3/-, In the fes-
tival of Easter^^^ was deli-
vered to Alan Bil clerk of
the works for his wage of
three weeks 18d., In said (?)

2*2 " Sprhiffanc or Sjoringant." — "This was an engine called an arha-
last, spurgardon or esjningale, wliich was a hiip;o crossbow mounted
on wheels, so as to be movable like a field piece. It threw great
pointed bolts with such force as io p^ss successively tlu'ou^di several
men." {('iilfs, Saiics, <(V.) In the 18th year of Kiiw. ij. T.etters
P;itL'iit were issued under tli(,' title " /A' Kjoini/iddis it it/i/^ imitniia
/(tcitii'/is jn-o dc/iiisionc rcgui." (Cid. Jint. I'at. OOa).

■^'^ '■ liiuti (Jrcgorii l'(tntiliris.'''—'V\\\>i festival was on Jan. 13th.
His relics at the Abbey were '' iij. porc'ones."

-** " Suntcloi." — .Magister Adam do Santcloi does in>t appear else-
where.

■^" " /'asf/ue."— In 1277 Easter Day fell on March 28th.

bailiffs' accounts of SHREWSBURY.

89

turn Roberto de Haf,'geley'^^^
Jacobo de Poddomor, 2*7 qi
W. (le jMortimcr, 2*^ pro
salariis eoruni : scilicel
iinionque corum^'*^ diini-
diuin marcae, Item Hiigoiii
Gregorii pro salario ejus
j. m', In cariagio unius
baLelli apiid Wigorniain
ij.s.Jii festo Sancti Goorgii--'''^
libcratiun est xij boininibus
custodii'iiribiis purtas die
coriiitalus-^^ '\]s., Item libera-
tutn est uno carpcntario pro
ij diebus y\]<f , Item in pane
ad quoddain exennium-''^
xiij^/. ob.' Item in vino misso
dominis H. de Andcley,^^^
et J.deCberletoneio^i'^iij.s.,
Item in vino misso domino
R. de Mortemer '•^^''^ ij,s. vj'/.

Kaster in the fifth year
deHvered to Robert de Uag-
gelev-'^ .lames do [\)dde-
mor"*''and W.de Mortimer^*^
for tiicir salaries, to wit to
each and every of tbem^^'
half a mark, Also to Hugh
Gregory for his salary one
mark. In the curruvjc of
one boat to Worcester 2/-,
In the festival of S'( Jeorge'-^^
tlK'rewasdelivcred to twelve
men guarding the gates on
Court Day-^i 2/-, Also de-
livered to one carpenter for
two days 7d., Also in bread
in a certain gratuity-^^ 13.jd,
Also in wine sent to Sirs H,
do Aiideley^^'' and J. de
Cherleton^^^ 1^* 3/-, Also in
wine sent to Sir 11. de Mor-
timer-s 7o 2/G.

Various Endorsements.

M"" quod Nicholas Ive^^ pacavit per vices ad meremium emen-
dum ad 0[)us vilhe et auhe aedificanda;. . . . \\]li. ixs.,
ut computatur.

Item pacatimi domino Ricardo de llarley^^ pro quadam litera
de st;itutis ])er dictum N. xls.

2<'i " Roberto de Hwincley."— Of liiin I find no otlicr record.

•^'^ '' Jacoix) (/<■ '-•." — Of iiiin likewise 110 record, but llichd. do
I'odmorc is witness to ;i deed coiieerniiig Ashley under liroseloy.
(Kvton ij., 15). Podinore i.s in the parish of Keclesiiall, St^uUord.

ij>8 " iV. (fc 3fortiinrr."—P<>ssiUf/ of Attlebuadi, Norfolk.

24'.i «i Jiji,ram." — Tlic word before eorinn is doubtful

2-'0 '' Siinrli. (.'ror;/ii."—A\). 2;inl.

•>;\ 11 /),','' Aftef ((ic the word is <hHihtful, but most likely comi
ftifiis, t he eoiuity court.

'-"'■- " K.i; 11 Ilium." A rewiinl, ;j,ifL, or any |).iyuieut in the name of
a uift (otherwise exenium), also a new year's gift.

Vol. Ill , '2nd S. ' ,^

90 bailiffs' accounts of SHREWSBURY.

Ite n Nicholas Ive et Johannes Gamel^''^ attornati^^^ regis
pacantl' wardatoribiis-^^ et verdeiariis^''^ cum Johanni le
Say-"'^ et quid .... domino llu'^one \e Dospcncer
jus^.ieiario--'^ de ti'ovesta et unus in(juisit<~»i'uiu,-^'* xKs.

Item wardoribus cf-^'^ verechiriis xxs.~^''

.... Alauo l^il ill xjs.

l)ivers;e expensiu et etiain de Aula.

(!o.Tipotu5 Hall anno .3 Ed. also 4- & 5.
The Cluild Hall built.

Be it remembered that Nicholas Ixc'-^ has ]Kaid at various
times for timber bought for the use of the town and for
Ijuilding the Hall as is reckoned three j)ounds nine
sliillings.

Also there has been ])aid to Sir Richard de Harley^^ for a
certain writ of the statutes by the said N. 40/-.

Also Nicholas Ive and John Gamel-^'-* attorneys-^-' of th(.'
King have paid to Wardcr6-'^^ and Verdei-crs^^^ with

John le Say,^"*^ and to Sir Hugh le Despencer

Justice-^'' of the Forest and one of the Inquisitors,-^^ 40/-.

Also to Wardurs'-^^ and Verdcrers-^'^ 20/-.

Alan Ihl in 11/-.

Diverse cxpen.scs and also of the Hall.

Reckoning of the Hall in tlie third year of Kdward and also
4th and 5th.

The Guild Hall built.

B.NDORSKMKNI.S.

-'^^ ^' Attonidfr iiujU." — .\p];ointcil by the King to act for him by
l.rltcrs Patciil.

-^' " H^((i(/<i(nn'f)us." — (Jii.'itoiliiins of tiic We.it Marclicb, and
L'lianliaus of the Kiuj^'.s (Jastlcs.

-•''•' " VrrJo-crs." — Judicial oHiccrs of llie Kiiiii's l*'orests, exempted
from l)eiii;4 junji'.s.

•'-''^ '"■ Ji>ltan)ii Ic Sdi/." — One John le Say was witness to a deed
concerning; Stokesay i^etwccn llMJO and 1^70. Another J. le .S.
temp. JmIw. iv, held four niauoi.s in Hert foid^hirc. (l*'.yton v., 39).
A UohLTL li; Say wus par.snn <jf .Si. Michael'.s in the (lastle in \'27'2.
(Kyl(jn X.., IGl).

'^'-'' "./«.s//.v',(/<'o."— See note 17H.

-'■'^ " /iKji(i<i/iiiuin."—^\wv\i]'H and coroncrhi who had power to make
^rml I lit/ IK st before .Iii.slicefi in I'lvi'*'-

"■•' "John (/«//k/ "— HaililVor i'n.vo.st TJlKi, llailiM' J :J04 and 1311.

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHRKWSBrillY.

91

INDEX NOMINUM.

Abbot of l.illeshuU
Abbot of Snloj)
Atteyatto, Uicliard

Hoger
Aud'iley, Hugli de
Biirbur, John le
BaitlioloiiK'w (le crior)...
Hechcr, llicluird !c
Bikedon (or Bykcdoni,

Tliouias de
Bil, Alan
Bloiind, F. le...
Bnidcford. Bartliw. de...
Bruchull, William de ...
Cluirncs (or Shames),

Kogor de ...
Charlies (or Sharnes),

Reginald de
Cherleton, John de

Colic, Thos

Corbet, Peter
Dan we, J.

Despeneer, Hugh le
Dugyn, G;ilfiidus
Dunfouwe, Hugh le
Gatnel, John...
Gerard Henry, (& Peter)
Gregory, Hugh
Hakclu', Hugh
Haggeley, Robert de ...
Hamchirehe, Richard ..
Harley, Hicliard de
Hereford, W. de
Hotales, William
Hlary, Roger
Ive, Nicholas

187.

NOTE

214

2G

187

213

185

65

147, 170

2:-! 9

15, 23

11

221

170

1 51

59

72

107, 114

235

1 1 3

204

178, 257

89

22

172,259

119, 129

184

199

24G

238

57, 155

218

1G3

217

73, 172

NOTK

Kent, .lohn le ... 90

Knokin, John de ... 4, 122

r.ancndeycr, Robert le... 181

Leycestev, John de ... 161
lAigh, Hugh (Roger

Logh) ... ... 180

Mason, John le ... 131

Mech, Richard le .. 105

Mongoii.ery, Audoenusde 158
Mortimer, Koger (of

Chirk) ... 28,70,156

Mortimer, W. de ... 248

Notyngham, llobert do.. 82

Parmonter, William le... 18

Poddemor, James de ... 247

Pole, Cridin de la .., 114

Pride. Roger... ... 120

Pryde, Ricliard ... 19

J^Jchely, Adam le ... 224

Randolf. (Jalfridus ... 6

Saiitcloi, Adam de ... 244

Say, John le ... ... 256

Sharnes, Roger de ... 59

Somery. John de ... 108

Spicer, Nicholas le ... 227

Staflbrd. William de ... 153

Strange, Jolni le ... 4,122

Fulk le ... Ill

Thomas le Marochal ... 14

Thomas le loksmyth ... 210

Trumwin, Sir W^illiam... 12

Tilictot, Pagan ... 109

.Yiiidiiu, Theobald de ... 71

William le Serjant .. 1, 20

Zonche, Alan (de) la ... 112

OTIIKR NAMES NOT liEFEHUEI) TO IN TJIE NOTES.

Clement, Alan. Colnham, John do. Colnham. Richard de.
Heyner, Thomas. Roger fil. Hugh Logh. Tanner, Ricliard le.

WAGES, PRICES OF COMMODITIES,

Hire of two horses to O.xford and Eondon

,, ,, to London ...

,, of one horse to London
Carriage of a boat to Worcester

•tc.

7/-
8/-

92

BAILIFFS ACCOUNTS OF SHREWSBURY

tid.

2s.

6d.
... IRid.
. . 16d.

6d.
... lOd.
... 12/1
... 2/44
... 12d.
... 12d.
15d.
ISd.

4d.
... 7id.
... 40d.
... '^7/ih
... 11/-

N.B. — As quantities are seldom given the items of payment for
materials do not convey much information. There was apparently
no regular tariff of wages, men were paid according to their skill and
ability. Masons received more than carpenters, and a carpenter more
than the " Clerk of the Works." In most instances of payment the
.sum may be brought into accordance with our present rates by mul-
tiplying by 27-5.

Wages of one carpenter for a week

,, of one mason for a week

,, of four men for a week ...

,, of two men for a week ...

,, of four masons for two days

,, of the ('lerk of the Works for a vreek
One quarter of lime ...
Ten quarters ditto
One cart drawing sand for a week
Ono thousand of nails
Two hundred ditto ...
Ono thousand of nails and lathuails
One dozen of iron
Two spades
One sinuiel
A certain writ
Five writs ...

93

PAPERS RELATING TO THE TRAINED

SOLDIEIIS OF SHROPSIIIUE IN THE REIGN

OF QTTEFN r:LIZAr>ETU.

With Notes nv WILIJAM PHHa.IPS, F.L.S.
(Continued from jmge 294 Vol. II., Second Series, i

III. Preparations in tlic Town and Liberties of
Shrewshnni for tlte SpanisJi Armada.

The year loSS is nieinoi'ahle in the history of England
lor the oigaiitic eiloit made by Phihp c^f Spain to
conquer the country, with the view of suppressing the
Protestant religion. The execution of" Mary Stuart
twt) years hetorci this date had roused the Roman
Gatholic Avoild into a statt^ of intense indignation,
which had its energetic exponent in the S[)anisli
monarch, who hegan his prepaiations for the great
entcH"[)rise in the spi'ing of 1 aSZ, being backed in his
design by Pope Sistus V., who ])romised him an
enormous subsidy. These preiJaratioii.^, being on so
large a scale could not esc;>{)e the vigilance of English
statesmen, aiid care was iala'ii that the forces were put
in an cllicient eoii(li(i(Hi. Indeed Ibi- the last eight
yeai's much a.ttention had been devoted to mihtary
training. " Vohmieer miht;iry sch(~»(ils had l)oen estab-
lishcul all ovei' the countiN', gcnllf ih( n who had sei'ved
aV)road drilliuii llu^ smis of the knic^hts and sriui'^es.
'I'hree hundred Londoii .^b•l fhaiits. \\1 o had seen service,
took charge of the city curps, and tho examjile, it is
likely, was imita(rd in the; (owns ; sshllc along the coast
(ho privalcdiiig (ra<l(! had mailo lessons in figh(iiig a
par( oflhi ('(bicalion ofexcry high spirid'd lad.' Tiu^

' Kromle xii., p. '>").■').
■ Vol. III., 2ud S. H

1)4 ri{AINlU> SOLDIERS OF SHKOPSH1KK

" Heads of Instructions for the muster-niaster," printed
above, and a " Book of General Musters for the Town
and Liberties," for the yeai- 1587, printed at the end
of the present paper, indicate the miUtarj activity of
the period.

It is difficult to form an adequate idea of the hii^h
spirit of loyalty and patriotism aroused now that the long-
threatened danger was drawing nigh. " Thus it was,"
says Froude, " tliat when the long talked of i)eril was at
the doors, and the people were called on to take their
harness to resist invasion, a hundred thousand men, well
officered and appointed, were ready at a day's notice to
fall into their companies, and move wherever they were
wanted. In the uncertainty where the Spaniards would
land tliey were left at their homes, but with their line
of action accurately laid down. The musters of the
midland counties, thirty thousand strong, were to form
a separate army for the defence of tlie (^iieei)'s ))ei'son,
and were directed to assemble on the fnst note of alarm
between Windsor and Harrow. The rest were to gather
to the point of danger."^

There commenced in March a contribution to a
National Loan, in response to a letter from the Queen
to Sir Francis AValsingham, keeper of the Privy Seal,
and by him directed to the Lieutenants of the several
counties. A sum amounting to nearly i:7 5,000, contri-
buted to by 2,4 IG of her subjects, out of the 30 counties
of Fngland, was the result, which, considering the
value of money at that date, and the extraordinary
charges each county had already borne in making other
pi'ovisioiis, was a very noble sum.

We reproduce the names of those Salopians who con-
tributed to the Loan, from a small work published in
I88(i, by Mr. Alfred Tlussell Smith, \\ho derived his
information from a scarce ([Uarto tract c<l' 1708, the
oiigiiial MS. of which (.•aiuiot nt)\v bo Ibiind. The list
difVcis in several particulars from that which was ])rinted

1 I'"roude xii., p. lii>4.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEKN ELIZABETH. 95

in these Transactions (vol. iii., p. 378), by the late Mr.
Askew Roberts, and a. few notes are added to aid in the
identitication of the contributors.

The names of those Salopians tvho coiitrihated to the Defence
of the Counti-)/ at the time of the Spanish Armada, 1588 :—

i:

Miuvh. Robert Kyton/ IS die Marcii ... ... 25

riionias OnslowH',"- AnniL;cr 22 die Marcii ... 25

l{i(di:u(l Prince,-' 24' (/a; il/(trc'// ... ... 25

WiWiiun Vowhn;^ 2() die Marcii ... ... 25

Clinvlcs ¥oxo,^ Arm. 20 die Marc'i ... ... 100

Aprill. 'ViiowMi'ri Covhattf" tercio die A /trilis ... .. 2.')

Rowland Rarkcr/ of Hammond, Aruii^f.-r ... 50

Robert Irelande,^ quarto die April is.. ... 25

Frauncis Gatriee,'-^ 8 die Aprilis ... ... '50

Richard bea,!*^ eof^ch-i ... ... ... 30

Anch'Gw Chorlton,^^ eof/e?H ... ... ... 30

Frauncis Kvnnas^ton,*' ccic^evji ... ... 25

1 Of Eyton-on-the- Weald-Moors : Slierift' in 1592.

2 Of Onslow. He niniried for liis tirst wife a daughter of John
Leijilitou of \Vattlcs\)orougli.

^ Of the Abbey forgate. He wa.s an cnunent lawyer, and built the
White Hall.

* Of Ifiiinage Orange. He was Steward of Shrewsbury.

-' Of lironilielil, a nicmbcr of the t'ouneil of the .Marches, and after-
wards IderU of the signet in tliat court {\' idr p 'i'JG ante.)

'' Probably uf Sfanwardine, who niiuried a ilaiiglitei' of Vincent
Corbet, of Moreton Corbet.

■ Of llauglnnond : SheriiV in IfiS.").

^ Of Alljrigliton (Salop). He was the son auil hen- of Tlionias Ire-
land of that place; but there was another llobeit Ireland at this
period, who was called the elder, the son of Diivid Ireland, who may
be the one here mentioned.

'■' We su[)|)0se this to he the son of William (Jatacre, of Oata(a'e,
by Elianora, daughter of William Mittuii, of Shix'wshury. He mar-
ried a daughter of Humphrey Swinncrton, of Swinuerton, Staflbrd-
shire.

'" Probably of Langlcy, the one wlio married Kiianora, daughter
of AV;dtcr Wrottesley, of Wrottesley, co. Stafl\

" (H .\pley, second son of I'-iancis Charleton, of Aplcy, who mar
ried Mar'j;ari't, daughter of .lames iJarker of llaughmond.

'-' 'I'lierc wcr(! two peis(ais of lids name, the one of Shot ton, the
othei of Eynes, of Stretton ; but which of the two this was there is
at ])rcsent nothing to show.

96 TJIAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

£

Robert Powell,^^ eof?6«i ... ... ... 25

Robert MuDveton/^ t'c(/d7/t ... ... ... 25

Edward Lutwioli,''' cu(/t'7/t ... ... ... 25

Fruiincis Ne\v[iorr,"^ ctx/t'/yi, ... ... ... 50

liichavd U()[)tuii/^ e'c(/^c/H ... ... ... 25

William I.eigbtoii,^'* eo.'/e//< ... ... ... 30

.ierom. Corbett,^'-^ f'ot/(,//i. ... ... ... 'SO

liicbard Lloid,-" t'0(^e'yji ... ... ... 25

Edwaid (iinbid,-^ cotU'iii ... ... ... 25

Jolill V>V(>okc,'-- cuih'in ... ... ... .'{()

Kicliard Owc.'ii,-^ (■(>(/('//( ... ... .. 25

Edward C'orbcLt/-' of Longiiorc (^o'/f/zi ... 25

Kicliard Crcssd'tt--' 1 1 (/■/(; vlyy/v'/Zs ... ... 30

Thomas Burton,-'^ eoc/em ... ... ... 25

1^ If lilakeway'.s tstaieiiieut (SliLTilf'a of Slirt>jK p. 96) were right,
that the Sheriti" uf 1591 wius liuburt I'owcll, nut Itichanl, there v.ouhl
be little ri.-ik iu asibiiiuiiig this contriiiutiun to liiiii ; but the editors
of the Visitation of IGl'3 (llnrleian Soc.) ucKliice very weighty evidence
against tliat statement.

^^ Possibly this -A as Uobert Moiiou of llaughton, who married a
daughter ni Thomas Lee of Langk'V, and son of Hiciiaul Morton to
whom a grant of anus was madi; in 1510.

^^ Of Lutwich, who married for his second wire the daughter of
Adam Oteley, widow of John Hwordo : he died in 1614.

1*^ AVe shall have tu speak of hiui hiter.

^' Probably of lloptou, who inarried Anna, daughter and heir of
Thomas \\'alker, alias Leigh, of Stretton.

18 Of Plashe, son of Sir William Leigliton.

i'-* Of Beslow, fourth son of Koger Corbet : lie was a member of
the Court of the Marches of ^^'ales.

2^ We are at a loss to oli'er a suirgestiou who this was.

2- Of Madeley, son of Sir Kobert Brooke.

-3 Probably tlie one of Shrewsbury and ^Villey, who built Owen's
Mansion iu the Market S(piare : he married Sarah, a daughter of
Thos. Ireland : he was buiied in St. Chad's ('hurch, Shrewsbury.

-^ Of I,ongnor, who married I'or his fust wife a daughter of
Thomas Lee, of Lan;^le3' ; fur his sei'oiul a daughter of Sir Roger
Brown, Bart., and, for his third, a daughter of Iviward liauestcr.

-•' Of L'pton Cresset 1, and Ih.lgale; Siieriff in L'181.

'■^•^ Of Longner, in the pai ish of St. Ciiail ; he married Katharine,
dauL;iiter of William B} st, of Atcham. He was the son of the cai-
fes.-)or i'or the rr()tt-.lanL f.ath, who was interred in his own garden,
having been refu.^cd burial in th(.' parish Chuich.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

97

Ml

^K>

Adam Siitley,-" t'cyc/e//i,
liowlainl Lacoii,-^ Ann, 13 die Aijrllis
Ivoner K}'iinaston,-'^ 14 (.lie AiD-ilis
\uh\iivd W. ill or, '■^'^ Cut Iciu
Tlioinaj^ Myiu',^^ 15 (Tw Aju His
William rreciu>/- 16 die AiivHis
iLliziibetli Alkintoii/^ 11) die Aprili^i...
Thomas Law ley/' ('(^'/(.'//i,
rin)mas Powt'l),"' t;o(('c'//t
Kdwanl Davies,^'^ 21 die Ai>rilis
kobciT Xuodoliam,^'' Arm, 27 die Ajirilis
Tiiomas l^crrins/^ uUiim) die .i/;/'///.-;
Tiiomas Kymmarsk'N'/'^ 27 die Ajnuli.s
W illiam Piiillip../^ of Craicion 2i A/n-ilis
Francis Albanic,''^ (^t'dnto die Maii
^\''illialn lloptoii/- Arm, 8 die Mail ...
Thomas Williams;'^ Arm, 13 die Mail

25
50
25
25
25
25
25
25

50
25
30
25
30
30
25

2^ Adiim Lutley (or Luttclcy), of I'roinccrofr, sun of Jolni Luttelt-v,
of Corfton. He nianioil VXv/.x, diiiL;liter uf JiubcrL (acsscc, of Ui)toii
Cresset.

-^ Of Willcy, iil'ierAiuils of Iviulet, kSheritFiu 1571.

-'•' Of Ifoi'llcy, sou of Eilwar 1 Kyuiiston, by liis Ih-.st wife, Margaret,
daughter of lulwaril Lloyd, Llwyu-j'-inaen. He was Sheriff iu 1G02,
aU(Llicd in Hj(JS. Or it may have been lloiier Ivynaston ofSliotton,
who man iud .Nbu'ia, ihiuyhter of 'i'homa.-s Haumer of Haumer, co.
Fhut.

■'" We cannot trace this name in the Vi.^itation of 1G23.

■'^ 'I'here was a Thomas Alumle, alias Mynde, of Upton Cressett,
who niay be the one meiitiuned here.

^2 We fail to find this name in tlie Visitation of 1623.

^'^ There was a family of this name seated at Alkinton, in the
parish of Whitchurch.

^^ ? Of Wenlock, who mariied the widow of AVilliam Constantino.

^^ 'I'his was Thumas, the eUior brother of liichaid I'owell, men-
tioned ahovc ; he was sou and iieir of Joiui HoweU ap Sander of All
Stretton.

30 Of Marsh '/

" Sheriff in 15()5.

'■^^ iVrliaps the son of Roger Perius, of jjiocton; he Uiurried Kath-
erine, d.iuu^diter of 'I'humas J\ir(jt, of L(;icester.

-^•' Of this pi'rsiin u(; can iind no mciuion.

^" Of ( 'i II, -lull, wlu'r<' a. faiiiily uf 1 his name rcsidcih

■" Of \Vhiltin-l(.n ; Slu'nll'in 15'j:).

*- ProLahly the one of Cherhury, wiio wusj Sheriff in 1591.

*a Of Woolu«ton, Sheriff in 1582.

98 TRAINED SOLDI KRS OF SHROPSHIRE

£

Morrice Ludlow,*^ Gen. co(7e?/( .. ... 25

Alice Corbett,''^ of Stoke, Vidua codern ... 50

Geort^e Vernon,^'^ of liodnet, Gen. €(j(le'in ... 25

October, lliciiard Ketlcsbie,'' 18 ^//(3 (>c'^(>/>/v'.s ... ... 25

Kobcrt Acton/^ of Aldeuhuni, 27 <lu'- Odohris ... .SO

Xoveinb. iiu;nfrcv Brigge, ■'■'1 1 difi NuveriLhfis ... 'AO

\imnh-cy lUl'l^^ \d NoveinbrU ... ... 50

On the 29tli of May ilie Invincible Armada left the
Ta(,nis, every breast on board inilated with conlidence
in the succes.s of their momentous expedition. It was
a grand crusade for the vindication of the spiritual
authority of Home, the restoration of the true faith in
Eni^dand, and a chastisement of Queen Elizabeth's
pride. News of the event spread through the country
with amazing rapidity, even anticipating official know-
ledge. The uncertainty as to on what point of the
coast the blow would be struck was an un^deasant
element in the situation. Rumours of all kinds were
floating in the air, spread by " vagrant and idle pei--
sons, litt to be evell instruments in all bad actions."
The parsimony of Elizabeth had been starving the navy,
and it was notorious that it was inadequate to cope
with the huge fleet of Spain.

More than a month of this state of excitement and
expectancy had passed when the following order from

*' Sou of Lawreuco IjikHow, of Ludlow. Ifo married the widow of
Henry Cressett, of llolgate.

"•^ Widow of liegiuald (Jorbet, Itecorder of Slircwsbiiry, and after-
wards ,liiilL,fe of the (j|uL'('n'.s lUnch.

''' Of lloduuL, null of lliiiiificy Vernon. He married Elizabetli,
daughler of 'I'homas I'igott of I'hetwynd.

"^^ Of Stepid or Steeple, in Shrojjshire, bon of Thomas Ketleby of
the same [ilace.

^^ We suppose thi.s to be the son of William Acton, of Aidenham,
by (/iccly, d.uif^hter of Kichaid (licssett, of Upton Orcssett.

'•' Son of Oliver l)ri<^'_rs, (;f iMnstree I'.iric (in tiie parish of Did-
dlebury), SherilV in 100.').

■'" Of Ik'cehley and Soulton, son of William Hill, of the same
place : he married Alice, daughter of William Bulkcley, of Stoke-
iipon Tern.

IN THi: HKKJN OF QUKKN ELIZA HKTH. 99

the Privy Council reached tlie Lord Lieutenant, the
Earl of Pembroke, a copy ofwliich was sent to Shrews-
bury.

Henry Herhcrt, second Earl of Pemhroke, was the
son of Wilham Herbert, first Earl of Pembroke, by
Anne, daughter of Thomas Lord Parr, a sister of Cath-
arine Parr, the last wife of King- lienry VIII. He
was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire, and Lord
President of the C'Oui't of the Marches of Wales, in
158G. The event is thus recorded in the Old (Jhronicle.
" This yeare lienry Earlc of Pembrooke was creatyd
Lord President of the Marches of AVales in the place of
his father in lawe Sir lienry Sydneye late disseasyd
who was a valiaunt and worthy knyght."

XII. An order oj the Prlv)/ Council to tJie Earl of Peiiibrolce
loth J ant', 15.SS.

After our luu'ty eoniciuhicons to }()ur Lordship. Tlie
Queues majcstio hoii)f((! cirtaiuly advcitiszcd that the Kiuf
of S[)ayno now is ahcady abrcado on the seas and gone to the
waste of Biskuie : wlicieby yt is to be doubted the same may
talio some course to iiudce some Atteinpt in suche p'te of the
Realme, as shalbe thought Ifytt for his purpose, whereof as yet
we cannot kuowe any ccrteintye, for w"^'' respecte her ma''^"
liathe thought yt convenient yr Lordship sliould be advertized
thereof. To thend yoti may gevc diu; order to all gentlemen
that are captains and leaders of men in those comuies under
^'O"" Lord.^hip's Livcter.auney in no wise to be absent out of
the Sluer. And to have speciall care that the nombers of the
severall bandes be full and complete, To which ende Notice
shalbe geven antl streight commandment to all the sonldiers
of the Tra3ned Ijiuidcs in like manner to Ivemayne in the
C(nmtrey, and in no wise to be out of the wayo, that U[)])on an
howres warniuge they may be in a readines, to he }n)))loid as
occasion shall serve, u[ipou payne to be couiytted to prison for
the space of 40 dayts, and fujthor punished at the chseretion
of y'' Lordship or y'' deputy liveiruaunts, ofwliich Lauds it is
thouglit (Xiicdicnt that. I li. 1(1 should he. a present Acwe that
(hey and there fiuniture uia) be eerleiid}' sene to be eouipl(!te
aiidlidly finiiislicd. We an; likewise lo j>ra\' your Jnid.sJiii)
tliat I lie like carc l.'e liad to see the beaeons waelu'd, in siu'h
sorte as hathe bene aeeustonied, and those other orders put in
Iilxecucon and <luly observed, with all speedc and dilli<'-ence

100 TRAINED SOLDI KRS OF SHKOPSHIRP:

which have beene sett downe and devised for the better de-
fence of the iieahne, and for [jrcparinge and putting in a
readines with convenient s})eede the fforcc of the said counties.
And because in sucho doubtfull Tymes yt fHalleth out comonly
that dyvcrs false Humors and Jtop()rt(! arc? gevrn iborih and
spread abroa(h! wliich d<>c destractc the 7iiyndfs of tlio People
and breede confusion; It is thought very ri'^uisite that care
should be had thereof, and the Authors of sucbe liunmrs and
tales should be dilligentlie found out from tyme to tyme, and
severelie and speedoly punished, Hov better execution wliereof,
because tliere arc many vagrant and idle i)ers(jns that goe
about the Countrey, iitt U> bo evell instruments in all bad
actions. It is also thought very requisite at this present, for
chasteniuge of suche k'wde persons, and preventing suche in-
conveniences, that by them nny way may arise; 'Ihatyou
shnll appoynt a Provost marshall accordinge to the Aucthori-
tie gf\(Mi \()ur Lordship b\- \our ( 'ommission oi fiivetenaiuicye,
to pcrnsr' the eountrcy and to be assisted in all places l>y tlie
Justices an<l Constables, for the a])prehension, sroekiiyge, and
vmpi'isoninnge of lhcm,}f they will not give themselves to
labor; whefein ])ra\iiige your Lordship that speedy dii'ecticjn
l)e geven in that behnll', for at this tyme no delayes or slacknes
is to be used : we bid you hartely jarewell, from the (.'ourte
this 15 of June, loSS.

Vour very Loving tVrendes,

ri>l>i(( vera. Clir: lialtcn. 'I'Im) : Ueneage.

W: Ihir-hley. \Va : Mylduiay.

l\ : Leicester. Ffra : \Vidsingham.

P : Ilunsdon. Jo : Wolley.
I'Tra : KnoUis.

(V)pio.s of this hotter, iiccompaniod b}' the fbllowiiio-
from the Lord Lieutenant, dutcd I v) ( 'biircli, June 2Gtb,
were sent to the two Deputy Lieutenants. The L]arrs
letter beats liis sigiiauire, If. IV-nibrok, in a bold,
elKira';teristic liaiul.

The Edii of Penihi-oh to hh Deputi/ T/nuieaordsi, i^ir Arthur
M(i)-irv(tr?ii<j, Kn/<iht, <iv<l K<hi'. Li'lf/Jitdv, Ks'i.

No. Xlll.
After my vei-y harty ( 'uun iidaeons, [ ha\f lafelie receyvcd
betteres from the hordes of tin; juivy Coiinsell the copy

1 To examine with careful survey— [\Veb.stGr.]

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 101

whereof I send you herein closed I doubt not but your own
duties and the })rescnt daungcr will sufficientlie put you in
mynde that noe delayes are to be used in execution of what is
by theis Letteres required, I therefore take yt a full discharg
for me to advertize you hereof: I should, as by the coppy of
tho Letteres you may undcrstande, appoynt Provost Marshalls,
but the tyme is so shorte, and tlie Service prosenthe so Need-
full, that I am enforced to comytt and geve so much Authoritie
to you in that behalf, as by the said Letteres of the Lords is
lymited, untill I shall take further order for the said office, I,
therefore, pray you dealo so herein that the inconveniences
doubted may be prevented, and your selves comended for your
carefull Accomphshement of so good and necesserye Service.
And thus I bid vou hartely farewell: At Ivy Churche, the
20"' of June 1 588."

Your Loving flrcnd

coplavem. il. PEiMBROK.

To my very Loving ftrendes

Sir Arthur Manewaring Knighte

and Edward Leighton of WaLtlesbur"h

Esquier my deputy Livetenaunts

in the County of Salop, witli

Speede,

The following summary of the letter from the Privy
Council (No. XIL), written in a different hand writing,
lies with it : —

N () . X I V .

15 Junii, 1588.

The Cuntents of the Lovdes of iJi.e irrlvye Couiisailes Vves itnto

the Earle of Pemhvoolce L. Uveteiiaunt of the couiitie

of Scdo}:).

First that all Captaines and leaders of men in no wyse bo
absent out of the Realme, &c.

To have speciall care that th<>, numbers of theire sevcrall
bandes be full and complete.

To give not ice and straight cunnnaundem' to all the sould}i)is
of the trayned bandes to liemayne in the countrie arjd in no
wyse to l»u iAxt of the waye, so that ujion on(; liowers warninge
they niii\' be in a read\nes to be iiujiloyed, upoi^ i)ay,nc to be
coniylled to i)rison for the spaci^ of -10 (layes,,au>^ jurtiier
punishnujnt at the discrecon of llu; LeiutciKiunt.

Vol. III., '2iul h^. " ' '" ^

10-^ TliAINKD bOLDlEKy OF .SlIIlOrSlllUK

Tiuit there be a [)iosent vewe tiikeii ul" those Lundi; that they
and their furniture ma^e he seen tu Le (.•(jtuijh.te ami fully
furnished.

'1\> see that the beaeons be watehed in suehe sorte as hatho
byri aeeustt^med.

That those other orders bo put in execucon and duly
observed with all speed aiul dilit^cns wliieh liavo byii sett
downo and devised I'or tiic b(,'tter defence of tiic Kealnie and
for [jreparin,^- and pultini^- in a lluadines with eonvi nient speed
the lorees of the eounlaies.

That care be had that the Authois of false Ixuniors and tales
be dilij^eiuly found t)ut froju tyme to tyrne and severely and
speedely Jiunished.

That the I/' Jiovetenaunt do a[)point a provost marshall to
peruse the eoimtrey, ;uid the same to be Assisted in all jilaces
by the justieos and constables for the Apprdieneon, stocking,
and imprisoning of suche lewd peo[)]e, as will not give them
selves to lal)or.

And to make proelamaccons inniarkett townes or ells wlicre,
therhy to admonishe all trayned soldyours not to (le[jarte
out ol the sheie. Ami alsij tiu'rby t(j ^\allle all such as arc
chardged with any trayned sold^'ours to have s[)eciall llegaid
that siieho persons, as tiu'y do so mantcine, he Ihad} upon
i>no bowers warninge uj»onpa3ne as is in the J-onl hi'vctennant
ol the [)rivy counsaill's letters S(jt down.

The next dociunent is the copy of a letter IVoni the
Queen to the f.unl f.ieiiteiiant, dated from Greenwich,
three d;i\,s later than the Order ol'tlie Priv>' ('oiiiicil.

No. X\\
llj I lie (Jiiccn.

liight trustic and welbcloved, \\\:o greet you well: whoras
heret(jtore u[)on tin.' ad\ertisLinent, from t}nie to tyme and
Irom sondiie places, of the gr* at preparacons of fornine
powers, with a full inlenci<n to invade this Keahiie, and other
our domynions, wie gavt; our direccons imto }ou for the pre-
paringe ol our subjects within your Leuitenauncit; to be in a
Jicadiues and defence against any attenijit that might be nuulo
against us and our Kcahue ; whiih, our dirci'cous, mic I'yud so
well pciloiiiicd as wrc I'annot but licccaNc great contriilmcnt
I Ini by, bo I In; in Ih sprct of youi- car( full proci (hnL;s bt i in, and
al-.o ol ihe L^rcat wiHingiKss ol' our pe(»ple ingcnerall to the
Accoujpli.shnM'nt ol that wluri unto they wen; lle(jU\ r(<l, shc'W-
iug llifvb}:ihrir gnat l(»ve and loyalty towards us, wlii(ii,as wo
accepi"nlo_sl lljankj'idly. at tluir hands, acluiowled-f ourselves

IX THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 103

infinitly bound to almiglitic God, in that it hathe pleased him
to bless us with so loving and dutiful! subjects; so wold wee
have you make it known unto them in our bchalfc, forasmuchc
as wee fynd the same intcncons, not only of invading, but of
raakinge a conquest also of this our Rcalme, now constantly
more and more detectyd as a matter fully Resolved on, being
alreadie in array put to the seas for that purpose. Althoughe
wee doubt not but bj' God's goodness the same shall prove
frustrate, wee have therefore thought meet to will and Hequiro
you forth A'ith, with as muche convenient speed as you maye, to
call together at some convenient ])lace or places the best sort of
gentlemen under your Leiutenauncie, and to declare unto them
that considering thes great preparacons and threatenings now
burst out in Accon upon the seas, leadinge to a [)roposed con-
quest wherin every mans particular estate is in the highest
degree to be touched, in liespect of country, libertye, wyfc,
children, lands, liefe (and that which is specially to be regarded)
for the [(osscs'^ion of sinceir ami true llcligion of Christ, we
looke that the most part of them should have upon this instant
extraordinary occasion, a larger proportion of furniture, both
for horsemen and footmen, but especially horsemen, then hathe
byn certified thereby to be in tlierc byl, enough against any at-
tempt whatsoever. And to be iniployed both about our own per-
son and other wyse as they shall liavc knowledge given to them,
the nomber of which lardger ])ropocton as sone as you shall
knowe wee Require you to signitie to our privie counsaile. And
herinito as wee doubt not but by your good indcavours they
will be Ihither conformable; so also wee assure our selfe that
almighty God will so blesse tlieir loyall harts borne towards us
their loving soveraign and their naturall country that all the
attem[)ts of any enemies whatsoever shalbe made void and
frustrate to their confusion your comfort and (}ods highe glory.
Given under our signett at our manor of Grenewiche this
xviij*'' day of June 1588, in the xxx^'' yere of our Reigne.

The next paper is a copy of a letter dated from
Middle, 28tli June, without a signature, evidently from
some one in authority, addressed to those who have
charge of the several Hundreds of the county. He
accuses them of reniisness in not having complied with
his previous requisitions to furnish information as to
the supply of arms for putting in readiness 1,300
soldiers in the county for her Majesty's service, viz.,
GOO trained, GOO for service in the north, and 100 for

104 TRAINED SOLDIEl'uS OF 8HR0PSH1UK

service in Ireland. He requires them, in the name of
tlie Queen, to call the inhabitants before them, on the
10th day of July next coming-, with the arms with
which tliey "stand charged, to have and keep in
readiness," which arms are to be viewed in regard to
their " validity,' and "sufficiency," and if satisfactory,
they are to be committed to })roper care, so as to be
ready at an hour's warning, li' any of the people are
obstinate in their duty, they are to be committed to
prison, and tlie writer is to be informed of what is done.
We conjecture this letter to have been written by
Sir Arthur Main waring, of Ightfield, Knight, Deputy-
Lieutenant, named in the letter of tlie Earl of Pem-
broke, and that he was staying at Sleap, in the parish
of Middle, which belonged to a kinsman of his. ^

No. XVI.

A Letter luttJioat sijnattore, datcil from Middle, xxviii June,

15SS.

Although \vu have sundry tymes Required of you Advertyse-
nient of tlie state of the inhabitants of those hiuuhycls comitted
to your charJge, howo and in what state they are furnished with
armor and weapons for her majesty's service, according to the
proporcons for tlie furnishing and putting in a lieadynes of the
nomber of one thowsand and three hundiyil soldyours out of
this county, for her niajcstie service, to say, sixe hundryd
trayned, sixe liundryd for her majesties service in the northe, .
and one hundryd for her majesties service in the liealine of
Irland, wlierof as yett we have llecevyd no iiitellegcns, And
forasniuclio as the cause llequireth muche diligens, expedioon,
and considiiracon, wi;e are cftsoons to desyre, and, on her
majesties behalfe to Require you to call before 3^011 the inhabi-
tants of your severall devisons, and to command the same not
to failc to bringe before you all suelie armour and furniture as
they, and every of them, stand chardged, to have, and kepe, in
Readynes, for theis her majesties services, on wensdaye the x^''
of July next coming; and upon vewe, and due consideracon, of

' The Pari.sh Kogi.ster of Middlo records the de:itli of " Roger
Mayinvariug of Slcepc, gent," iu 1550, and the death of a daugliter
of «' Kobert MayiiwariiiLj;- of Slepo, gent.," iu 1559. Cough iu his
llislor;/ of Middle says of Sleap Hall: — "The estate of the Manwar-
iugs, of Es(iuire'is degree, in ('heshire," j). 50.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 105

the validity and sufficiency, and your allowance therof had,
to coin mitt the Custody of all suche Armour and furniture, as
do Apperteyne to the trayncd nomber, unto suche owners as
do stand chardgcd with the same. Thothers for the northc and
Irishe services, for that the chardge therof Apperteyneth in
generall to the inhabitants of your severall divisons, to the
Cluirche of every parishc, or unto suche substanciall men of
creditt, of the same, as to your wysdoms shall seem convenient,
by them to be kept in such a lieadynes that the same may be
Ready upon an howers warning tor her highines said service.
All which Accomplyshed, and done, wee desyer you, with all
speed, to siginilie us of your proceedings. And where any
defect shalbe found, your selves cause the same to be supplyetl,
and yf you shall fynd any obstinate of duty in this behalf, to
cause every suche person to be comitted to prison for the same,
and to certitie us therof, this much in dischardge of yourselves
we have thought convenient And hoping you will have due
consideracon to the Accomplishment herof, wee do comitt
you to the Tuicon of thalmighty who guyd your doings :
niyddle the xxviij^** of June 15S8.

The area covered by the Town and Liberties of
Shrewsbury was a considerable one, in wliich was
included those portions of the several town pnrishes
which lay beyond the walls, and constituted the
Hundred of Salop. It had grown by successive royal
giants, which had also conferred on the Bailiffs and
Bvu-gesses great privileges.

The third Charter of King John, dated liJth Feb-
ruary, 1204-5, in the sixth year of his reign, granted
the hundred, with the town, to the Burgesses. This is
believed to have included Sutton, Nobould, Meole
Brace, Newton, Pulley Foreign, Pulley Vetus, Longner
on Severn, Monk Meole, Gooshill, Shelton, Oxon,
Hencote, and Darvall. King Henry VH., by Charter
dated 14tli December in the lltli year of his reign,
granted to the Bailiffs and Burgesses of Salop a View
of Frankpledge, assize of bread, correction of Victuallers,
Artilicers, &c., and of all lines, &c., of all tenants,
residents, and inliabita-nts of the villages, townships,
handots, lands, and tenements, within the County of
Salop, in the liberties, suburbs, and precincts, within the
parish of St. Chad, St. Mary, St. Alkmond, and St.

106 TRAINED 30LDIP]RS OF SFIIIOPSHIRE

Julian ; aiul of all residents, inhabitants, and sojourners
in the viUao'es and lianilets of Iladnall, Acton Keynolrl,
Meriden, Crinshill, Hanwood, Allerton, Onslow/Preston
Gobl)alls, and Pimley. And tlje (Jharter states that
tlioso })l[ices shall i)e contributors and partalvors with
the l)uroesscs in all things.

King-J[cnry Vlll., by giant dated 'J(Jth A]:)ril, tlie
34th year of his reign, extended the jurisdiction of the
Bailifi's and Burgesses of Shrewsbury throu<di the
Abbey Foregate and Merryvale, late belonging to the
Abbots of St. Peter and St. Paul, now the j)arish of
Holy ('ross and St. Giles, and a small detached j)art of
the parish of St. Chad, near the Stone Gate (now the
English Ihidge). The charter of (^ueen Elizabeth,
granted in the 28th year of her reign, made no altera-
tion in the limits iixed by her father, although it con-
ferred additional powers on tlie Bailiffs and Burgesses.

Constables were appointed, one to each w^ard within
the town, and one to each township outside the town ;
or in cases where the townships were small one con-
stable to several.

The constable's warrant ran in this Ibriii : —

No XVIT.

Villa l)y the ViU'tuc ol" ])roccpt to mv dyrcctid IVo'" licr
Sallop. Maisto spcciall coiinnysliion ("or tlu! inustci's 'i'li3'.s
shall b(! to riMjuycM" yo" lo give, express waniyiigo to
all lioushoMors and all orhors aswell servants as others
whose names all rcdyo hy you of late I'ctorned and
p'^'sonted to he and [)ersoiially apoarc before M''
IJailylf and others the sayde sjieeiall connnysioners
for the mustering of all jiarsons (persons] within tho
towcu and Ijibortics t)f Sallop auctoriscd hi Kings land^

^ Tlic tuwushii).sof Sutton and Nul)old also nmstcrcd on Kingsland.
Tlic ori'^in of tbo name of tvin^'.slaiid has ol'ton \)ccn diseusHcd, but
tiicrc; can ht; litlln doubt on lin! sulijcct il' \vi; turn lo (ho Koyal
Charli 1 j'laiili'd (i) ihf lowii liy l^inL;' .loliu, in wliich ihe liunibcd is
ti) 1m; liolth'U dl" tho Kiu;^ at I'l'o faiiii, lor i'oily livo llla^ls^s yoail}'.
This hiuidied iuchidod Moolo Draco, in wliicli pariah Kiu^shmd is
.situated, ;ui(l this part Ix'iu-- iclaincd as coiiniioii hind bclon^iuL;- lo
the- Ijur^L'ssos, coutiuuod to l)0 called Kind's land, tho King being the
virtual owner.

1 v ■'}i<'l<>

.'*•. I

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 107

neare to the sayd towen by viii'*^ of tlie clock in the
mornynge in the forenon ot" the xxij^*^ of thys may
1578, at your [larcll as you w}ll answerc to tlie con-
trary.

Be me sargante Mamiyingc
PnlK'y tlic ohl liUerte.

UlCllAUD JUKES.

There had been a " vew of general muster " taken in
the preceding- year (1587), before the Lord Lieutenant
and the Bailiffs Thos. Sherar, and Sanniel Lloyd, gents,
which will be given in extenso further on, hence it was
not deemed necessary to take one this year. Lists of
names were sent in from the several companies, and
townships, of those who were lialjle, and from tliese
were selected the number of men recpiired^ In Janu-
ary (xix^'') the Sherill Edward Leighton, Esq., and
others, assembled at Shrewsbury, to determine the
])roportion of moneys and men to be sup})lied by the
Town and Liberties, and to ap[)oint Commissioners to
carry out their orders. The next document records the
fact : —

No. XVllI. A Levy of .^^2 men ordered.

Apud Salop xix° die Januarii Anno
Kogni Kegiuo Elizabethe &:c xxx"
C'oram Edw^' Leighton, Fraunciseo Newport,
lu)lan(lo Ijorlcer, Andrea Charlton, W'illm^
Eowlar, Francisco Hronily.

For Coaf, coundiiyt, ct Armor, live m'ks a pcece

For Co;it ^iiij"* iiij'^

For C.'ounduyt monijy, being viij^ viij'', to rest untill

the scr\'ice be callyd u|)()n.

To sch'ci Ihc men without- callyinge a gen'ad

nuiijter.

Those that be eliardged with tra)'ning lykwvse

to be contributors.

' It is not coiisiili rc(l lu'ccssaiy to yjw ihc-c li.ls, ;i.s tliry do nut
;ul(l to iMir kiiowli'ilgt' ;iiivtliiii;4 Ih'voihI wlial is sii|i[)licil in t lii' (Jcii-
or:il Miisioriif tlic nrecciliiiL!' w.w.

108 TUAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

Villa ^.^,

Salop ■ To furnish xlij men. Archers ix ; pyks ix ;

Commissioners
The Baillitis.
Kdward J.eighton.
Frauncis Newport.

Calivers xij ; bills xij.

We must not overlook the Bailiffs of this eventful
year, George Tliggons and William Jones.

George Higgons, gent.,^ was a tanner of Shrewsbury,
son of Peter Higgons. of Stretton ; he married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Mr. Roger Farmer, of Brampton {? in
the jKirish of ITopeshay). He was Bailill five times,
viz., 15()3-i)-7-83-87,- and became an Alderman.

William Jones, gent.. Alderman, was a draper, the
son of Thomas Jones, of Uekington, in the parish of
Atcham. He was BaililKin 1580-7-95 and IGOO. The
]\Iarket Hall was completed during his year of ofHce, his
nanre still on that building showing the fact. Thomas
Jones, chief justice of the Gominon Pleas, was liis
grandson. He died July l5th, 1(U2, and was interred
in St. Alkmond's ( /hurch.

Another name, also, comes l)efore us in this document
for the llrst time, that of

Francis Bronily, who was the eldest son of Sir Georo-e
l^romley, knight, attorney to (^)ueen Flizabetli for the
Duchy of Lancaster, and afterwards chief justice from
•2-2 to 31 l^^lizabeth, and cu.'stos rotulorum of Shropshire.
His mother was Joan, daugliter and heiress of John
Waverton (or Watei'ton) gent., who brought to his
faiher, Hallun, in the parish of AVorfield, co. Salop. -
l*^-ancis Ih'omley married Joyce, daughter of Edward
Leighton, of Wattlesborough, the present Sheriil.-'

' Anns : Qu.irl(;ily : 1 and I , N'ci't , t liire ciancs' liead^ crusc-d
iir,L;ciil.

- I )at('s of (•K'<'li<>ii, which took place in the October of those vt'i'i.s.
iiiul exteinlcd to llie end of Septemljer of tlie followiuL,' } ear.

:' r.iiii-ui :ii>, Ti'<tii^. Sh. Arch. Soc. V(,l. I. n.s., p. "m.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 109

On the 28th of March following, the Bailiffs received
this letter from the sheriff : —

No. XIX.

To the loorshlpfiUl Geonje Hijcjins and W'dl'm Jones, gents,
Bayliffs of the Town of Salop, Deliver theis.

Forasmuche as I am to be at the Town of Salop on friday
next, being the xxix*'' of this m-'^''che, there to take viewe of
some horsemen of this Countyc, and am desiorous before my
retorne to take viewe of the Soiildiers, and theire severall fnr-
niture, now appoynted for her ma'^ Service, as you doe knowe,
I pray you, therefore, take order that w^e may have some corn-
potent nomber of the most liable men of that yo"^ Liberties to
be, and p^''sonally appeare, before us on Saturday next, being
the xxx'^ of this M"clie, by viij of the clocke in the lorenone of
the same day, whereof we may selecte the nomber of forty twoe
Souldiers for this Service, w'*" theu-e several! Armors and furni-
tures, as apportioned unto you for her highnes Service. And
so w'*^ my very harty comendacons doe wishe you hartely well.
At Wattiesburghe the xxviij"' of m"che, 1588.

Yd' loving frendo

E. LEIGHTON.

Yf you may convenientlio vie :

accomplishe the same advertise

mo so vy this bearer: Yf not

wo must have some very shorte

tyme for this purpose, in the

meane tyrae 1 pray you take

order that Armor and all other

municon may be in rcdines.

The Bailiffs were quite ready for the proposed visit.
Tliey lujd not been inactive; a muster had taken place
on February 2Gth, and a number of men had Ijcen
drafted, from which the Slieriff mi^ht make his selec-
tion. It may bo inferred from the crasiiies and correc-
tions on the mucli-handled lists, from the numbers
marked, who had failed to appear when summoned, and
the list t)f defaulters in " furniture," as for example : —
" i^^dward Morglien his pike," " Richard Anderton his

Vol. 111., 'Jiid S. ,»

no

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

polrowns," " John Brayne his whole" (out-fit), that the
Baihffs had had considerable trouble ; but they were
not to be trifled with, for in a list of absentees there
is written o|)[)osite several names " in durans," which
we take to mean in ])rison.

The men finally selected by the Sheriff are given on
the following list, being one more than the required
number.

No. XX.

The names of the psons in their sev'all squadntns vf^ are to
serve in her Mat's s'vice under Captaijue Hussey for the
far'J of xllj men out of the Toioiie and Lthertles of
tShrcvsbui'i/.

PIKE MEN.

Thomas liaugbe of the Clive.
lto,L(er Wicherloy of the Clive.
Gritliuus Grouowe of Ijurwick.
Thomas lliukyn of Up llos-

salle.
Kic'us 13ickerstaffe,of thesame.
Joh'es Sherington, mercer.
Joh'es Dodd, tayler.
Joh'es Litlgley, tayler.
Jesjiar ap Uees, joyner.
Joh'es Newens, of the Clifte.
John ap John, sherman.
Marten Bouvgliall, cov'ser.
Edward Sinithe de Abrightlye.

lU'LL MEN.

Robt. Goodman de Hasten.
George Cotton.
Tho. lliggynson de Yorton.
Tho. Vowen de Newton.
Ric'us bowtn-s de lluncott.
Juh'es Williams de Preston.
Ttioiiuis 'I'idder de Dicton.
Fijiuiicis JoliiKjs de JJrace

Abu.lc.
Grilliiius Jones, bakei"
Roger liall, smith.
John Taylor, sherman,

CAIJ.IVERS.

Hugo ^lyckley de Acton Rey-

nald.
Evan Lloyd de Berwicke.
Robt. ap Homfrey s'vant to

Clement Nicholas.
Jacobus Woodall, cor'ser.
I'homas Downes, cor'ser.
Edw'us Dicher, wevcr.
Ric'us llawkeshead, wever,
David aj) Thomas, baker.
Ric'us Hamonde, bocher.
Ric. Yomans, tanner.
Willra. Cowres.
John Clarke de Berwick.

ARCHERS.

William Smyth de Acton

Reynald.
George Jeghe de Albright

Hussey.
Ivoger ap Jevan do Woodcott.
Uoyuald (hillithcs s'vant to

Mr. llalton.
Thomas Ijloyd, tanner.
Eilward Newcombe.
Will'm Ingram, taylor.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. Ill

This Slirewsbury contingent would probably be dis-
tinguished by a badge worn on some part of their uni-
form bearing three leopards' heads/ after tlie custom in
the reign of Henry VIII., as we learn from the corpora-
tion accounts. " For 48 leopards' heads made and
painted to fasten on the bodies of the 24 soldiers sent to
the Earl of Shrewsbury, '2s."

" Also paid the tailors for fastening and sewing the
said leopards' heads upon the armour of the said soldiers,
3d."^ It appears that each soldier wore two badges ;
probably one on the breast and the other on the back.

We are unable to give any information of Captain
Hussey, under whose conunand the 42 men were to be
placed, but we shall be probably right in supposing him
to have been one of the younger sons of the family of
that name seated at Albright llussey.

The thirtieth of IMarcli was a busy day for Mr.
Leighton. The household at Wattlesborough Castle
mast have been astir early that morning, ibr he had to
breakfast, ride a good seven miles, and be on the parade
ground by eight o'clock. It is not a matter of surprise
that^ having to inspect the county horsemen, as well as
the borough troops, with much otticial business besides,
one thing escaped his memory. Gunpowder was
needed for the service, and he had forgotten to " move "
the Bailifts in the matter. The next morning his son was
sent to Shrewsbury as bearer of the following letter : —

rs'o. XXI.

To the worshipfull George Hygglas mid Willini Jones, gents,
Baglifs of the Towne of Salop, Deliver theis.
1 had forgott yesterdcay to move yon in a matter very ex-
pedient and necessarye for this Service, wliich is the provision
of Gonnepowder to be had within your Town of Siilop, the
wante whereof would cause great hindraunce and lett in this
her mats Service, Therefore 1 pray you take such order
emongcst the merchants of your towne, lliat some one or twoe

^ Tlie Borou>^li Anus — Azuru, three leo])urds' heads, or.
- Owen and Bhikeway, i., \>. 295.

il^ TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

of them may send for Gonnepowder sufficient to serve the use
aforesaid, and I doubt not but they shall have utterannce
therefore at theire owne pleasure, according to reson. And
thus hopinge you will doe w*'' all speede I bid you bothe fare-
well. At Wattlesburghe this xxxth of m"che, 158S.

Yo"" loving frend,

E. LEIGHTON.
I pray yo'' answeare
herein by this bearer ;
yf you cause half a cask
of Powder to be bought at
the least, you shall doe very
well ; as 1 am enformed the m^''chant
will serve you after x*^ a pounde
of the best Powder, so then the
p''°vide" of Powder may be great
gaynors, selling it as they have
done heretofore.

Captain Thomas Leighton was the Sheriff's son and
heir, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William
Gerrard, Knight, Lord Chancellor of Ireland. He was
a very active officer, whose name frequently occurs on
the books of the Corporation, which also record the hos-
pitalities, and pecuniary reward bestowed upon him by
the town. He died May 7th, IGOO, and was buried in
Alberbury Church June 27th, leaving four sons Robert,
Edward, Lionel, and Rowland.

No. xxn.

To the worshi'pfull George Hiygins and Wllliom Jones, gents,
Baylifs of the Toivne of Salop Deliver iheis.

Mr. BaylifFs, I doe heare by my sonne Thomas Leighton that
you doc make a scruple to provide the half cask of Powder
which by yo"" late I'res unto me you promised, nlledging for
cause that you would have somo one to undertake to pay for
the same I'owder unto yo"" m"chaunt that shall make p'°vision
thereof at or before the fteaste of Penthecosto next comingc :
for Answeare thereunto you may staiide assured that they shall
bee no losers thereby, for the trayningc and other expected
Service willbe suchc that I doubt not but that they shall have
speedy utterence therof ; w"' all I would wishe you to call to
remembraunce the state ot the Shier, yf any occasion of Scr-

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 113

vice against the enemy should chaunce and require. To what
Purpose are our Callivers yf Powder be wantinge ? I must
accompt them as thoughe havuige a sheffe of arrowes wanting
the bow. The matter touchuth aswcll yu"" selves as the whole
shier, therefore I pray you take suehe order tiiat p''°vision may
be made thereof, yf one or twoe of the Towne will not take
upon them this p''°vision I pray you at the least wise cause
that ev'^'^y m'-'''cer of yo' Towne may p''°vide each of them one
barrell with speede My self will not undertake to pay the
wliole Some defrayed for the half cask of Powder, but this I
will jtromise to confcrre w^'' the worshi[)t"ull of the Shier and
doe what I may to cause that cmongest our selves the same
may be payd over unto the m'^^'^chants yeven by whitsundtyed
next yf I so possiblie can or may. And thus not doubting
but you will take good consideracon thereunto w'^ my harty
comendacons doe wishe you hartily well. At Wattlesburgh
this xij"^ of april, 1588.

Yo'^ loving trend,

E. LEIGHTON.

The hesitation of the Bailifls to supply the half cask
of gunpowder may be accounted for i)y the fact that it
was required by the Sheiiif for the soldiers of the
county, and the Bailiffs desired to have au assurance
from him that he would defray the cost. Very heavy
drains on the resources of the burgesses, in men and
money, had been made for the war in Ireland nnd the
north, and recently in preparing for the Spanish
invasion, which justified their caution. This letter of
the Sheriff would be all they required, and doubtless
the gunpowder was su}>p]ied. That they readily paid
for the training, and provided the requisite gunpowder
for the soldiers of the town, will be seen from an entry
in the Bailiffs' Accounts.

Bailifa' Accounts ti'2 and .33 Elizabeth.
Pestowcd u[)i)n (Ja])t;iyue Lcighton for his charges '\
and payncs in trayniugo the sowldyers this yore in / -,; -^
the Towne, And for powder and matchc in the tyme f^' ^^^
of traynynge. ' )

it now only remains to add a few closing words.
While admitting I ho IVagmcnlary character of the

114 TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

papers given above, it will not be denied that they
aftbrd us an interesting glimpse into the military life
and experiences of our forelathers of the IGth century.
Amidst the violent religious strifes of the period we see
that in the hour of danger to the nation these strifes
were for the moment suspended, and in the face of a
common foe the people were united and courageous.
All authorities, nevertheless, are agreed that the country
was far from being prepared to cope with such a stu-
pendous force as that commanded by the Spanish
Admiral ; and it is impossible to conjecture the extent
of the disaster which would have befallen the nation,
had not the aru) of providence intervened. The feeling
of the people, on learning how utterly the Armada was
scattered and destroyed, is well expressed in the quaint
language of our old Shi'ewsbury chronicler when the
news reached the town.

This ycare, and the J 9 daye of September, being Tucsdaye,
and two dayes after the festivall daye of the coronae'on of the
Queenes rnaiestie, and tlie sayde daye failinge uppon 3. Eliza-
bethes daye, was a solerapn daye in Sbrousberie, and all people
that daye keapt it holly unto the Lorde, that had gyve' hir
m^'"-' siUehe victorie, and blessid ov'throwc, of tlie Spanishe
power, and hiidge navy of hir enimies, to the greate reioisinge
of all England. God be praysid Ame'.

1587.

jomns Sljercr "i gcncv.
Ccmporc ^ >bi((ci)c

^auib iTonb ) ^alop.

Cbc Jiooh of gcncrall IJlusters for
oLljc sail) (JLoluue ;\' liberties.

^\)t vewe of the gen'all musters for this Towne of Shrowesbury
and the lib'ties tlierof, taken the xxviij^^ daye of Aprill Anno
J\(\gni llegine nu'e Eli/al)t'th \:e. vic'csiuu) nono, before the
Kight llonorabh; Ihnuy Kile of Tembrok, L. Herbert of CJardiiVe,
Maruiyon ii, S' Quyntyn, L. p'sident of Wales, and Knight of

IN THE REIGN OF QC7EEN ELIZABETH.

115

bil

liis ser-
vants.

the most noble order of the garter, And L. Lifeteimant within
the prhicipalitie of Soiithe Wales & North Wales, And also in
the counties of Salop, Hereford, Worcester & Alunmouthe.

drapers.

Richard Mytton, esquire, in Ar- Roger Byrington,^ a Callyver

furnibhcd.

Giillilh ap Ruble, liis man.

Ricliard Owen,^ senr., a stiched

coate, a ballett, i. a bill.

Thomas Nicolas, I i ■ ,

,, , ire I ''la s vants.

lluglie ap lioniirey, )

(ieorge Prowd,*^ a corsiett

furnished.
Thomas Burncll,'^ a Corslett, a

black bill, a swoord, & dager.

John Nicolls, | , .

XT I 1 Ml r his s vants.

ISicholus Maydeo, J

William Lowc,^ g-nt, in armor

one Corslett, one blacke bill.
Charles Pue, servant.
Richard Powell,'-^ in armor one

almon Rivett, with splents,

vi° bills.
William Weale,i*^ ge^t, ;

lett ct a j)ike.
Roger Harries, ^^ gent., i

lett.
John Butcher, his servant

mor a Corslett with

sword, it dager.
Thomas Clemson,
John,

Hughe Davies,
William aj) Roland,
William Tencld, gent, in ar-
mor a Corslett, a halbard, a

sword ii dager.
Roger Giestock, his man.
Thomas Charlton,- gent, a

Corslett ik black bill.
Robte Charlton, I his Appren-
William Allen, | teses.

George irland'', gent, two

bowes, twoo shoH'e of arrowcs.
John Wycherley, his servant.
Thomas Ashley, a bowe, a shoffe

of arrowes.
Ffrauncis Cuoke, his app'ntise.
Thomas Studley, a p'tener of twoo

Corsletts ; ther furnitiuu in

draji's halle.

Cors-
CoiB-

[Tlie ;ittoin|it iiKule below to identity some of tlic iieiaoiis iiieiitioned, imi.st be
ref^ardod as tentative, and as reiiuiriny re\ision.]

' IkililT in blOO and 15.Si2. lie nuu riod a daiigliter of Tlionias IJciinKton.

- l',ailill in b-)77and l-VJf).

■■•Of Albii;<litoii, near Shrow.sbury. Jle was tlic .son of the one wlio bought
tlie ( .static, and .sii(:<.eedcd to it on the deatii of his ehhir Idothei-.

* l>roth(,'r and lieir of Robert liyiint^ton, of .Slirewsbuiy. Tiny weie .son.s of
ThoniiiM lierinLildn of the same jilace. l'>riin;;lon House, in St. .AlUinond's I'laee,
was theic resideuee ; ami ,siil)s< iimni 1 y the Moat Hall, I niili'.s S. \V. of the town!

;■ Trobahiv Uie Hailiirof l.">7(i and l,"")S.-,.

'' r>ai 1 ill 1 .')(;'.». Owen A: Klakeway ^dve his Arms, but he does not ajijiear in the
Visitatiiiii of U)'_';i. A per.son of this name was tliselaimetl by liiu Ileiald in l.^S,"*.

' iJailill in l.'tTl, l.")!0 and I."/.)?. He iloes not aii]>ear in the N'isitation, exceiit
as l)ise.lainic(l in l.">S.".

^ r.ailill in l."»7-. Also di'^i'laiuuMl l.'iS.'i.

'•> ilailillin l.')7:>and l.7,)(», and Sin rill in l.7.)l : he wa.s an alderman (^f .Shrews-
bury, and a suicessfid iin'nliaiil .

1" r;ei(.ii;<<d to a fandiy .seated at Coles, and Shrewsliury : iu' mail ied Anna,
dau^^diler of Kieh aid Oi.imlxrs, of I'eilon.

II r.ailill in I..7S (•;). A |H'r.-joM of iIiIm nume wuH di:,elnimed by ihe Heralds in
l.'»,S.>. Tine.; l.uiiilieH of tliis name ale in till) Vi-yitalion ot lOif, but no Uouer
oceui'b unionist tln-m.

116

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

John Pearche,^ gent., in armor

one Corslet.
Adam Penberie, his prentise.
Roger Harries, his servante.
WiHiam Jones', gent., in ar-

n:ior one Corslett, one blacke

bill.
Kichard Whitfoot.
Thomas Joue^j.
William Hearinge,^ gent., in

armor, a Corslett, & a pybc

furnished.
John Cotton, his servant.
Thomas Olley, his printise.
Edward Owen,'' gent., in ar-
mor one Corslet, one halbard.
Robte Crompton, his prentise.
Michel Chambers,^ gent., in

armor one Corslet, one hal-
bard.
Artluuns Kinnaston, his p'ntise,
John JohneSj \ his

Ffrauncis Loppington, J servants.
Ric. Dawes, '^ gent., a bowe and

a shoHe of arrowes.
Richard Lewis, gent., in armor

a Calliver, one bowe, and

shefte of arrowes.
Richard Lloyd, \
Richard Goodall, >his servants.
Josyus (iriffies, j

Thomas Benion, gent., in armor,

a bowe, a shelle of arrowe.s, u

sword & dagger.
John Corbetc, his prentise.
Richard Owen,'' of the stalls,

gent., in armor a bowe, and

arrowes, sword, a dagger, and

a lialbard.

Richard Pylsone, his prentise.
Edward Minton,in armor a poUai.
Rondle Parcel!, gent., in armor.
Richard Gardner, in armor a

bowe, a sheffe of arrowes, and

a gleave.
John Gardner.
Robte.

Nich'us Prowd, Calliver furnished.
Richard Prowd, his sonne.
John Browne, in armor p'tnor of

two corsletts in the drap's hall.

Robte. Atkinson, i , .

1,. , 1 T> 1 11 his prentise.

Richard Bucknall. j ^

Gcflerey Jones, in armor bowe

and sheffe of arrowes
Richard Jones, his sonne.
John Ffox, in armor a bowe and

shefle of arrowes, and a skull.
Myles Puller, a prentise.
William Irland,^ gent., in armor

a sword and dagger.
John Tenche, a bowe, bill, and

p'tnor of ij" corsletts in the

drap's hall.
Homfrey Beanos, a caliver fur-
nished.
Ric'us M'shall, his man.
Joh'es Beanes, in armor a poUai,

a corslett with sword and

dagger.
Edward Wightinan, his prentise.
Andrew Lewis, gent., in armor a

bowe, a sheffe of arrowes, and

a skull.
Randle ifcins.
Edmound Barckley, a Callyver

furnished.
Nich'us Lighton, a prentice

* (?) Ikiiliirin 1579, 1588, 15'JS and lOUi Thi.s nuino ia aho in the Hist of lliose
(lisclaimi'il in ir)S5, but tlic pcilif^rce is in tliu Visitation of U')2',i.

- Slo \>. lOS.

3 liailill in I.ISO ; the family was of Oswestry auil Slirewsbiwy, he married a
dau^'litfi- of Aitiinr Mackwoith, of Mcole IJraec.

■• iiailiHiii ms-J, l.")!);{, l.-.!l!)(?)

' UailiHin l.'iS.'i and l.VL' : Ik was .')lh sun of Kicliard Cliamhcis, of Petton.

'■ Kiilill in ir»l."), l.V);{, l.')(il, l.")S.'), and l.'ilW ('.') : or pciliaps tliere weie two of
thi.s name, lie dot:s nut a;'iioai' in thi; \'i.siiation of HYSi.

' ,Si:»: vol. ii., N. S., !». L'.')S.

^ I'roliably the third son of 'l'hoina>i Irohuid, ul AlLiij^diton, by his wifeJuue,
dau^ditei- of WiUiuiii Oteley, of I'icliford.

IM THK RKFliN OF QUF-^RX KLTZABETH.

117

William Harries, the younger,
in armor a callyver furnished.

Peter Wy.^bicke, a prentice.

Elize KelHn, a black bill.

'J'liomas iManiiin<;e, a Callyver
furnished.

.John Phellips, in armor a f'ally-
vev furnished.

John Newton, a bowe and a
sheflu of arrowes.

George Peeres, his prentice.

Robtc. Stevens, in armor a call-
yver furnished.

Kichard Jones, his prentice.

Thomas Whitfoote, in armor a
muskett furnyshed, a sword
and da;4L,'er.

John Twyford, his [irentice.

liichard Bet ton, in armor a mus-
kett fiu-nyshed, a black bill.

William .Mnimtgomcry, his pren
tioe.

William Kinge, in armour a
mubkc'tt furryshed.

Juhn Hunt, in armor a bowe and

shefle of arrowes, a sword and

dayo-er.

lion'cr Cooke, ) , .

... '^ 1 ,, ylus prentice.

Kicharil lope, j '

Kichard Chirwill, in armor a

muskett furnished.
John Dawes, jmi,, in armor a

calliver.
Itichard (Jittins, liis pi'entice.
Richard Tegyine, in armor.
Robte Pope, in armor.
John Smith, in armor sword and

dagger, bowe, shclle of arrows
Richaitl Owen, of 'vill huu', in

armor a sword and dagger

Ptichard Parkes.

John ap Richard, in armor a

sword and dagger.
Thomas Robins, in armor.
Ffrauncis (Jittins, his prentice.
Arthuie Harries, a sword and

daiiger, bowe, and shetie of

arrowes.
Ffrauncis Tenclie, junr. in armor

a sword and dagger.
William Jenks, in armor.
Thomas Healine, in armor.
Thomas Adderton, in armor.
Robte Brondey, in armor.
William T.,ewies, Sen., in armor.
Edward Lewies, in armor.
John Cotton, Vinn^, in armor.
Rowland Langley.
Stcvau Crose, in armor sword k

dagger.

[ .Memorandum.]

C^orsletts 17.

Callyv^ 8.

Archers furnished ... IB.

.Mu:,ketts 4.

Illercers.

Robte Irland^ thonger, esquire,

in armor.
.John Riton, 1
Urbant Fare, his servants.
Jlichard (Jatt, j
liobte Irland-', thelder, gent.,

[crossed out and the word

'^luort'' written in the margin.]
Willim^. Peeres-', gent., in armor

one Corslett, a pyke, sword and

dagger.

' We .supjw.sc tliiy to be Rol)C'rt Ireland, son of Thoma.s of AlbiiKliton, by
Jane, daiii'liter of Win. ()t(;lcv, of I'icliford, \vlK).se brotiu'r William is mentioned
al)o\'(;.

-' 'i'lir W((i(l " niort " wiitten in tlie niart^in, if made at tlie time, wiiicli it
appear.s to be in tlie orij^inal, introiluees an element of confusion. H(jbert Iie-
laml, second son of David, wliom we .snii])o>!e to be tlie " senior,'' i.s .stated to
liavc livel till b')!)!) (\'isit ition of li'dli) and tiierefore could not liave been dead
at the time of tins {'resentment.

3 HaililVin l.".G.') and b")7l.
Vnl. Ill , 2nd S. I.

118

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

Richard, his soiine.

WilHaui Craunger.

Joh'es \Veb]j,i gent., in armor a

Cor.slett, a pike, a callyver I'ur-

iiishcd.

Kowland Webb, ) , . ,
. , . Mils b vauts.

Anibros Arneway, )

Koger Luter-

llichard Owen, thelder, in ar-
mor one Curslct, a bill, a bowe,
and a JshetFc of arowcs.

Homfrey, his sonnc.

Thomas Nicholas, his servant

Hughe ap Humfrey, his man.

llichard Powell,'^ o^nt., a corslett,
a pyke, with a niuskett ftu-
nislied.

liic'ns Powell,' junr.

John Okell,^ gent., in arniur a
corslett, a longe bill, a sword,
and dagger, and callyver fur-
nished.

AVilliam Constable, I , .

,, ... , ..,, , , ' > Ins servants

Kafle l.ittlehales, j

.loh'es Davies,*^ gent., in armor a
CorsK't furnished, a sword and
dagger, ami bill.

William Tcggen.

ilichaid Shurlowc, thelder, in
armor a J^ckc and a bill.

(Jeorge i'hellips, seiir., in iirmor
a Callyver furnished.

Kichard Tedstill, in armor a Call-
yver furnishcLl, and acoislett
furnished.

Thomas Harrington.

Koger illedgc, in armor a bill

Kichard (jJittins, in armor a
muskett furnished.

Edward Dunne,

(ieorge P'vine,

Thomas I'rowne, m armor a Call-
yver furnished

Phillip I'idgL'on, in aimor a still
cote, a sallat, and a pollax.

Keynold I.loyd, his servant,

John Kobinson, in armor a mus-
kett furnished.

Nicholas Edwards, his servant.

Thomas Mitton, in armor a sword
and dagger.

John OlHey, his servant.

(jCorge Tretenant, in armor a
Callyver furnished.

Thomas Puller, in armor a Call
yver furnished.

Symon Mcjisliall, his servant.

Joli'es Lloyd, in armor a sword
and dagger.

Hughe Kynnaston, his man.

Joh'es Davics, in armor Callyver,
furnished.

8am])son Clarke, his servant.

J'ld'rus Kakcr, in armor a blacke-
bill and a skull.

"William (heeue, in armor.

Kobte Allen, in armor a black
bill and a dagger.

Joh'es Keynold.

Kichard AVilding, in armor.

Huuifrey Eawkner, his s'vant.

"William Lea, in armour a Cally-
ver furnished

Homfrey Howell, in armor a
bowe and arrowcs.

Crcgory Ffrccro, in armor a
sword, dagger, and a bill.

1 Hiiilillin b">SI iiiul l.V.H). lli.s ai iii.s lau given in ()\\tii and liluUovvay'a Hist.,
bill li(! i.s not in tin; V'i.'sitatiiMi l(i"_'.'!.

- A pcr.soniii' tlii.s name \\a.s IJiiiliirin l.ll.'i, ]'>'>[, and I.'jO'J.

^ I'iii.'s wc take to bu tin; Aldciiiian, who Mas IJailill in l.")7.')and l.")!j| ; and
SliciiHin 1.7.J4.

■• Of \\'ortlien. Uu inanicd llic daut^litcr and heir of Wiliiaiii Poyncf, of

Hc'^rloW, CO. iSalo)).

'' liailill'in 1,"»7."). Hi.'^aini.T aii.' ;;i\(-H in t) \ l> liul liu is mil in liic \'isil;ilinii

of i(i-j:{.

i" r.ailitr in I.'jS'J. rciliapM connected with the laniilv .srulcd at iMaicii, near
Wv^tlniiy.

IN THE RKIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 119

Richard Taylor, hi armor a bowe Kicliard Tliones, in armor a black

and slieOe of arrowes. bill.

George Ph'es [I'hellijisj thoni;ef. Roger Spruslowe.

Thomas Ffreere. lulward llarcott,

William I'eererf, thuiin-er, in Humlroy Anderton, a (Jallyver

armor a Callyver furnished. fur^.

James Kerry, his s'vant. Thomas Boudler, a blacke bill.

James Watterfurd. Adam Whittakt-rs, in armour an

Joh'es Laugley, in armor, a Cally- archer furnished.

ver furnished. Roger, his sonne,

William Langley, his brother. John Boudler, in armur a

Richard .Shurlow, junr. , in armor (vorslett.

a sword and dagger. William, his sonne.

Ffrauncis Leegge, in armur a Richard Landgley, in armor a

('allyver furnished. Calliver with furniture.

Willi'm lialle, his servant. Richard Meighen, a Corslett.

Richaid Cureton, in armour a l<>iward, his sonnc.

(Jallyver furnished, Rundlc Stevens, in arnjor a Call-

Jililward Tomliis, his servant yver furnished.

Richard ^Vytcherley, in armor a Kubte, his sonne.

nuiskitt furnished. John Dagger, in armor a black

Thomas Edwards, in armur a bill.

bowe and shelle of arrowes Richanl Anderton, in armor.

David ap Richard, his servant. Ilumfrey Hughes, in armor a

George Pi.^ley, a Callyver fur- Calliver furnished.

nislied Owen aj) John, ) j^-^.

William Russell, in armor a JeiTeryc ap Homfrie, f pi^.yants

sword and dagger. Willm Ridilcr,

Richard Garrett, in armur a bowe iiobte. Whittakcrs, in armor a

and shefl'e of arn)wes. black bill.

Elliza ap Huge ('/) Juh'es Grinsell, in armor

William Milton, in ariii(;ra sword Willm Shawe, his servant.

and dagger. Willims (iroves,

iiobte Betton, in armur, ;i Cally- Adam Anderton, in armor a black

ver furnished. bill and a sword.

Mathew Goughe, in armor a Richard I'lmion, his servant.

sword and dagger. Richard iilower, in armor a

Joh'es Rosomgrcve, in ;irmur a blacke bill.

black bill. Richard, his sonnc.

[Memorandum.! .Mathew .Morrice, his servant.

^, , . Willm Lingam, in armor a black

Corslet te, xi. , jH

Callyvcrs, xvi. Richard ^niston, in armor, a bowe

Arclicrs, nii. ■, , ,.,

- . ' ..A ami shalls.

MusUetts, nij. Ivhvard ap Recs, his sery^ant.

Richard Fallowes, in armor a

.^bcrmCn- Callyver furnished.

Thomas l''ysh('r, in a armor a Georg Roole, his servant.

black bill. Robte Tailor.a Callyver furnished

120

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

John Warrier, his servant.
Itichard Chapman, in armor a

Calljver furnisliet].
John Richards, ) , .
Joh'esWarter, /''"^'•'^■^^•^^^■
John Scott, in armor a pollax.
Richard Hardinge, thelder, a

black bill.
Joli'esi ap John, lii.i servant.
IJugho Lloyd, a blacko bill.
^Vilhn Uuttry, l his

Davis ap Lleiiellyn, ( .servants.
Thomas Grisc.
Willm. Bowdler, senr., a Callyver

fnrnishcd
Joh'es ap Kccs, servant.
Roger Woswall, a black bill.
Edward Woswall, ) , .
Will's Woswall, S l^'*^ "O"^''^^-
Robt. CoUe. a black bill.
Thomas Portor.
Griffith ap D'd.i senr.
Thomas, his sonne.
Joh'es Bickerstafe.
Thomas Barton.
George Tailor, bowe, ordinarie

shafls.
Richard Eakine.

Robt. Hardinge, a paire of slive
ribbed with mayle, a cragged
stafe, and a dager.
Robte Gittins, a blacke bill.
John Gittins.
Roger Titley
Edward Kevell, a ordinarie bowe

and shafts.
Hughe, 1

and [ his sonnes.
Thomas, j
John Jonson.

Richard ap Pue, his servant.
Raff'e Woswall, a pollax.
Abraham, his Sonne.
John Biston, his servant.
Roger Whittakere.
Leinoril Lee, his servant.

Huglie Jones.

Joh'es Davies, senr.

Joh'es Soden.

Edward Ph'es, [I'hellips] a black
bill and a jacke, a Callyver
fuinished.

Richard, his .soinie.

ap David.

Joh'es liddcr.

Hichard Gittins,

ilughe J'lvans.

Job's, I

Thomas, j- his sonnes.

Ffranijcis, j

Thomas JIastinge, a bowe and

ordinarie shafts.
Joh'es Morrics, a blacke bill.

Piobtc Cooke.

Thomas Corbet, a blacke bill.
Richard, his sonne.
Robt. Browne, a buwe and ordin-
arie shafts.
Richard Bowdler, a sword and

dagger.
Roger ileines.
Lewis ap Evan.
Griffith Davies.
Hughe ap Griffith.
Job's Ph'es [Phc-llipsl
Roger Higgons.
Joh'es Cotton.
Thomas Griffies.
(-eorge Spurston.
Jh'es Iverrie.
J'^lliza Mathewes.
David Penion.

Joh'es Whittakers, a black bill
Joh'es Petton.
Edward Baxter.
Morries ap Jtobte.
Joh'es Williams.
David ap Recs.
AVilliam ap Owen.
Jiliward lionies.
Homfiey Sherer, a pollax.
Edward Lloyd.

^ GritUth ap David.

^ Au oinibsioii.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

121

Thomas ap Rees.

iiichard Fiuche, a blacke bill

John PiUon, his servant.

Roger Wilson.

EdwurJ, his servant.

Richard Ell ice.

Robe. Earc.

Thomas Boycott, a bowc furnished

Edward ap (jlritiiths, (^ iiis

llichard ('otti)n, ) servants.

-Jolin ap (Jrilliths ap Owen.

Roger CoUe.

Rogcj- Butler, a blacke bill.

ivichard Clarke.

John Cowley.

Grillith ap llubte.

Morries ap Enyon.

Morries Eo.\e.

Hughe Tiiscot.

Henry ap liichard, his servant.

Richard Fisher.

James Anderton.

Bob'te Davies, a blacke bill.

John Benion, a blacke bill.

John ap Thomas l , .

,,. ,-, '■ his servants.

Ric. Burges, j

John Davies, junr.

Morries Marciult, ids servant.

Iviward liromliall.

Jevn' ap llichard.

John ap llomi'rey, his servant.

Roland Mil ward.

Richard (,'alcott, a blacke bill.

George Webbe, his servant.

Will's I lames.

John Lewis, sword and dagger

Will's Morries.

Ffranncis ap Jexn [Jevan], his

servant.

Thomas Adderton,

Roger Calcott, a black bill.

Hughe Gaidn'r.

Griffith ap Morris, senr.

Edward ap Thomas.

.lohn I) ivid ap Meriath.

(JidhTyc Wyswali.

David ap iNh)rries.

Roger Juks. a black bill.

Willm. Jefferyes, his servant.
Richard Hardinge, junr., a blacke

bill.
Ivobte Adderton.
Willm. Cowras.
Abraham Griifies.
Hughe ap M'ddith.
(iritiith ap l-{ob'to., junr.
Bob't. ap Owen,
(irithth ap Morries, junr.
Joh'es ap Grillith.
Thom.is Dager.
Ale.vander ap Rob'te.
Rces ap Thomas
John Tilson
Hughe a[) John
Kobt. Lewis
I'Jchard Botfield.
\\''illiam Weyn', his servant.
Richard Petton.
llichard Heath.
Geileiy Heath, his servant.
'L'liomas Fall(;wes.
Homfrey Eloyd, a sword and

dag;^er.
John ap Robte.
William Sand, his servant.
Timmas Skryven.
Thomas Coe.
Richanl Harcott.
William Longdon, a black bill.
Grilhth Alnion.
AVill's Boyner.
Will's Tiler.

John Porter, liis servant.
Will's ap Jevon,
John Hughes,
ivichard ap Hughe.
Rowland ap Rees, a blacke bill.
John Lloyd, his servant,
(u'orge Phellip.s, a blacke bill.
(Srithth ap Bees.
Ivlward Baynton.
lluuiie Cley.
David Hughes.
Humfrey Mounford.
Wills lictclikis.
Richard Soden.

122

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

John Tailor.

Richard (iriffies.

Richard llej'nes, sword it dagger.

Tlionias Prowd,

his servants.

Richard AVright,

Reiguold Langlcy.

Ricliard Hughes.

Thomas Mcighen.

Robe. Higgons.

Thomas Shuker.

Jevan ap ReigUuid.

Richard J fey ward, Seiir.

Richard Fames, his servant.

John ap Rees.

David Nicholls.

John Owen.

Richard Bromley.

Richard Heyward.

Thomas CJrilHes, Junr.

Rob'te Bedde.

Thomas TiCaster.

Thomas Whitfoote.

Jo llledge.

Jevan ap David.

Richard Rider.

Richard llledge.

George Owen.

Robt. Williams, his servant.

Thomas Heines.

Richard Mcnlowe.

John Bickerstafe, Junr.

Arthur Watkis.

Edward Maddox.

Homfrey Whittakers.

Daniell Lloyd.

Thomas Rider.

Tiiomas Wise.

Robtc ^Vossie.

Robte Lawrcns.

John Nicholes.

Kdwartl Ilowells.

Howell ap Lewis.

lluL:;lie a]) Davich.

Will's Olarcke.

Will's I'.irchc.

Kdw.ird I'eLton.

Will's Woswall, Junr.

Orillith :i\> Ridianl.

David ap iiees.

Randall l'>radlye.
Richard Webster.
Edward ap J.
W. ap Piichard.

[Memorandum.]

( !orsletts,
Callyvers,
Archers,

IK.

(Lorbiscrs.

I'lidliijp Tegginc, Warden, in

armor a callyvcr furnished.
Edward Lloyd, Warden, in armor

a Callyver furnished.
Richard Betton, gent., in armor a

Civllyver furni.shed.
J.,ancelot liowcUs, \
John Ho wells, 'his servants.
Thomas Reace, J
Homfrey AVildinge, in armor a

Callyver furnished.
Robte .Smithc, Senior.
Thomas Tenche, in armor a hal-

bard.
John Blaekney.
Alexander Barnes, in armor a

sword and dagger.
Humfrey Barne.s.
(ieorge Churchc, in armor.
RalFc Ritler,

Ins servants.

Ed'rus Boyei',

Thomas Dyos, i

John Bright, )

llichard Baker.

Adam liromliall, in armor a ('ally
ver lurnished.

Thomas Bromall,

Lewis l']vans.

\Villiam ingcron,

William WoolVe, 1

lu)bt. iManweringe, I

Thomas Cai'les, in aruior a Cally-
ver fuiiiished.

lioger Onshnve, 1

l*'dward Botlild, jhi.s siTvants.

■John haker, j

Thomas Cotton, \u armor a bill.

his servants.

IN riJK IIKIUN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

123

liib servants.

Richard Cotton, ) his

Leanard Lijjhtboue, ( servants.

Roger Uowne.

Adum Downe.

William 1 Hedge.

Roger Slierer.

Ricliard Johues, in armor a C'ally-
ver furni.shed.

AVilliam Bemon.

Richard Ihoudey.

Joh'es Smitlie, in armor a bill.

David ap IJichard, in armor a
halbart.

Robte 'J'enche, in armor.

Richard Downe, in armor a Cally-
ver furnished.

Roger Downe, \

Richard l-'awkn', (

Thomas Purler, {

Kichard lietton, ;

Tiiomas Everall, in armor a ("ally-
ver lurnisheil.

Roger Tliomas, ]

John a|i Kob'le, liis servants,

Tliomas Dowiics, j

Joh'es (iroves, in armor.

Thomas Alkocke, his servant.

Hnghe Taylor.

(Jritlith Ih-ondey, a Callyver fur-
nished.

Roger Wiirler, a Callyver fur-
nished.

Robte Johnes, in :irmor.

Rieiiard (Janhier, '

Thonias liromley,

'I'homas ap John ap his servants.
ilowell, I

Richard Harries. /

JdliV's ap Recs, in armor a bill

Oliver ;;p Lewis, j

William Harries, his servants

Richard llannier, ;

(jle<;rge Cliarltnn, in ainior

Tlmmas Ouslnwc, in ariiH<r.

I'liiUip Ousldwe.

I.fu.a'.l.

'I'luiuiiiias Ai rowsmitlic, in

arniur a bill and a dagj^er.
Art linr I >r(iiiili'\-, in ai iiair

Roger Chirwill.
John Jaxon.

Hughe Arrowsmithe.
RiafFe Higginson.
'i'homas Pare, in armor.

Hugh Rider.

Edward Beddowes.

John Tibbe, in armor a Callyver
furnished.

Edwari^ Pry chard.

Arthor Tailor.

Thomas Downe, senior.

Arthure Butler.

Thoma.s aji Roger.

Robte Howells.

Richard Meighen, in armor a
(^lUyver furnished.

Hulihe a]) Smithc, \

Thomas l^yos,

Hughe Broxon, )

John Ambler, in armor a bill.

Ii0;icr.

Thomas Howells, in armor a
bl ick bill.

William Rarnes, in armor a Cally-
ver furnished.

Tliomas Morris, in armor.

John Davies, in armor a bill.

Edward Teggine.

I'^ilward Tailor.

(Jrillith Evans.

Rob'te Smith, junr.

Peter Studley, eallivcr furnished.

'I'homas Johnes, in armiir a bill.

Edward Lightbound.

David ap Reynahle^.

Arthur Woodwall.

Richard Phellips.

James AN'ootlwail.

John Johns.

Ricliard li'o.x.

Thomas a[) I'M ward.

Rccs Johns.

Tliomas I'larncs.

.lobn lluil'i'}', a callyver furni.shed

Julili I.Uivl, '\

Tlmmas i'lmbric, ^

Juires Watkis, J

John AN'iMlilod, ill animr.

124

TRAINED SOLDI RRS OF SHROPSHIRE

Roger Blaekwey, in armor a bill

James Crier.

Tlionias Kicliard

William Pliellips, in armor.

John an Fox, I , .

, r f IT I- )• Ins servants.

Ilomri-ey lleylinu, i

Phellip WiKlinge, in armor a bill.

lieinold Ffoxe.

Ilichanl Adams.

John Witcherley, in armor a

Callyvcr furnished.

Rolan(f 1'isdall.

Kieharil Feuterynne,

Ilumfrey (irumc, in armor.

AVilliam Davics.

John nietlge.

Tliomas Beddo.

John Webbe, in armor.

Edward Wilson, J

David Lloyil, V

John (iriiV, )

(jieurge Mannige.

Homfrey Mealcs.

Thomas Duwne, jnnr., in armor.

Richard I'owell.

Robtc Ifcyw.^ud, in armor a bill.

John l'';;ert(in.

Lewis Evans, in armor a bill.

Evane ap (name left out).

Richard Woodwidl, in armor.

Meredilh Mei;.4hou, ? his

AVilliam l>ed lowo, ( soivants.

Thomas Ratt, in armor a bill.

Richard i\I()rris

William Turnor.

Robte. Shercr.

Marten Burtall.

^Memorandum.]
C'allivers, I 'J.

^(ilcbcrs.

Hugh Gittins, in armor a bcAvc,
shoting arrowcs, and dagger.

Richard LeatcMi, in armor a bill,
swiird, and dagger.

U(jg(.r Wollcin.

J'iIi'm '['i(ld(r, in armor a bill.

John Bentley, in armor.
Ffouke Genowe, his prentice.
William I'hellips, in armor a bill.
Thomas Blaney, i his

William Pliellips, ' prentices.
Hughe Henion, in armor, Sword,

and dagger, and bill.
Ricliard ap Kichard, in armor a

bill.
Homfrey Leaton, in armor u bill,

a sword, and d^igger.
Richard f.cwis, a bill.
George (J ranger.
Roger I.udlowc, in armor a bill
John Ludlowc, his sonnc.
Richard Sponley.
Richard Robinson, in armor a

bill.
John Gravener, his iircntice.
Richard Poole, in armor a bill.
PiOLier Bulley.

John Benion, ii sword and da'_r>'-er.
John Hill, a bowe iind shotinge

arrowes.
William Ffarmar, in armor.
(«eorge Spunlcy.
Robt. Higgins, a bowe and shut-

inj!e arrowes.
Thomas Wikcs, a pollax and

dagger.
Jtichard Henion, in armor.
^Villiam liodnes.
Thomas r.ooyd.

Edwaril Robinson, in armor a bill.
Richard Shercr.
Getn'ge Bemun, in armor.
Harrie (Jriilics.
Homfrey Hutcliins, in armor a

bill.
F>tlward aj) Edward, in armor a

bill.
Mathew Evans, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.
Thomas Gittins, a bill with a bowo

an<l shotiniie nrrowes.
'i'homas ap Howull, his j)renticc.
Phillip Paglry, a bowe and ,-,hot-

inge arrowes.
H()L;(;r Prowne,

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

125

Robte Poyner.

Thomas Poyner, a bill.

Jolin Payne.

Williaui Briuley.

Will's Trever, in armor.

Thomas Salter, his preiitise.

Richard Wellins, a sword and

dagger.
Edward Dicber, a bowe and shot-

inge arrowes.
John Tnnnis.
John Biittry, in armor a pollaxe

and ft'orest bill.
Thomas Bentley.
Thunias ajj Richard.
Thomas Ffranncke.
Thomas ifencoks, in armor a bill.
William Heyward, his [jrentico.
Robte Curberley.
William Picginolds, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
John Bothowe.
Thomas l.ee, a bowe and shooting

arrowes.
John Ashley, a bill.
John Sherington.
John Lte, a bill.
Owen ap Powell.
Edward Mannipas.
Richard SliO[)eiil, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
liobte (Jlemsonc, a liill.
Ptichard lIaw.\hoad.
John (Jrillies, a bowe, shotinge

arrowes.
David ap Llewellin, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
Tliouias Jones, his soune inlaw.
John Butler.
Thomas Jones, senr,
llarrie Bennet.
Ilichard Williams, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
Thomas Ashley, Sijnr.
Rowland Browne,
.loiin Jciiyus.
l!o:;cr Aiiiy.Ms.
'I'liomas Aside}'.
Kobto Thouias
Vol. 111., 2nd S.

Edmund Warinne.
Robte ap Rees.
Adam \Vorrall.
Preece ap Parrye.
Phi Gittias, A corslett, a halbard,
and a Uallyver furnished.

[Memorandum.]

Corslett, j.
Archers, j.

^arbors.

Phillip Howell, Warden, in armor
a pollaxe, and dagger.

George Evans, his prentice.

Thomas Trigge, Warden, in armor
a sword and dager.

Thomas Bowers, ) , .

Robte P'kes, | '"^ 1^^'^"^'^*^^'

John Goughe, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.

Homfrey Wilkes, in armor a sword
and dagger.

John Gest, his prentice.

Peter Jackson, in armor a bill.

John Howell, in armor a bill.

Rafle Wilks.

Ellis Heath.

William Sherington, a bowe and
arrowes.

John Lee, in armor corslett, and
a muskett furnished.

(!3Iobcr5.

Richard Bate, ^Varden, in armor
A (/orslett and Calliver fur-
nislied.

Kichard Bee, Warden, in armor <x
sword and dagger.

'i'homas Rocke, in armor a Cors-
lett and Callyvcr furnished.

Joh'es Ri;cke, | , ■ .

, , , > Ins servants,

.lolni .>awei, )

I''frauncis Tencii, in ai'uior a head
pi'ce, a payer of spK'Ut.s, a bill.

Uowi. liuincll, in arnior one
("a'.lyver furnished.

William Millon, his servant.

12G

Tll.ilNRD SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

Ins servants.

Richard Rocke.

Richard Meriden, in armor a
Jacke and one black bill.

John Trigge, his servant.

Robce Rawson, one Callyver fur-
nished,

John Rocke, ) his

Thomas ap Griffith, ) servants.

Roger Ffraunce, in armor a sword,
and dagger, and bill.

John Howell, his servant.

Roger Nettles.

Adam (Jheshere,

Thoma-s, \

and I his sonnes.

George, J

Richard Owen, in armor a Cally-
ver furnished.

Evan Owen,

Thomas Porter,

Richard Walker, in armor a bill.

Richard Pylson, in armor a (Jally-
ver furnislied.

Evan, his sei vaut.

Thomas Woudall, in armor a
C!allyver furnished.

William Pokes [ Perkes], ) his

David ap Edwards, ) servants

Lewis Lloyd, in armor a bill.

John Lloyd, his sonne.

Adam Chesher.

John Picke, a bowe furnished.

Richard Carter, I , .

1. oil f his servants.

Rees balsbury j

Robte Ball, in armor one black

bill, sword and dagger, ij bowes,

and shottinge shafts.
George Ball, his sonne.
Nicliolas Ball, bowe furnished.
Robt. Williams, his servants.
Joh'es Hassold, in armor one

black bill.
William Rocke, bowe furnished.
Richard Everall, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
Thomas Marston, I ,
William Owen, ( ''
Jlomfrey Gardner.
Thomas West.

las servants.

John Hall.

Thomas Brene, ihis ser-

liartholomeweBlackwey, j vants.
John Edgley.
Ldward Carter, a bill.
]<^vane Harries.

NichoUas Newall, a Callyver fur-
nished.

Richard Warin<(e, | , .

i> XT 11 ^ his servants.

Roger Nycolls, J

William Grithne, a bowe, and
shotinge arrowes, and a bill.

Richard Ffraunce.

William Ffraunce, his sonne.

Robte Ridder, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.

Robte Powell, a Callyver fur-
nished.

Thomas Yoppe, his servant.

George Morry, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.

Thomas Jenks.

Richard Morris, a bowe and ar-
rowes.

Thomas Hattwod, a sword and
dagger, bowe, and shotinge
arrowes.

Richard Dainley, his servant.

Allen Rider.

Edmond Henks.

John Lloyd.

Thomas Jones, a sword and
dagger.

Thomas Nettles.

Tliomas M arson, I

William, j

William Edgley, a bowe and
shotinge arrowes.

Ffrauncis Tupton, a Callyver

furnished, a bowe and shotinge

arrowes.

Piobte. Genowe, ) , . ,

1 , ,n , > IHS servants.

.John Iu|;ton, j

Steven Oo.-iley, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.
Richard ^Veavcr.
Thomas V>n\\.
Robte liall, his sonne.
John Genowe.

his S3rvants.

IX THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

127

Thomas Burnall.

Robte J^lsniere, a Callyver fin-

nisheil.
llobto ap llees, liis servant.
Robl. dill, a yleve, 8\V()i'(l ami

dagger.
Ueorgc x\u(lertoii.
Kobte Hattou.
John Phillips.
Roger Lowe, his servant.
John Snioiit, a sword and dagger.
Eilward Suiont.
liichanl Robinson.
Ivichard Ivl wards.
John Urouduill, sword, bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
Robte Morgan, his servant.
William Jlardinge, a bowe and

shotinge arrowes.
David, (name omitted).
Roger P'ks.
Ilomfrey iJroseer.
Lewis .M'ten, a bowe and shotinge

arrowes.
Edward Williams, his servant.
Robte (Sittings.
Jolni Bradley.
William Mason, his servant.
Rees ap .Moiries, bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.
Henry Nightengall.
RicluuHl Lee.
Edward Crowther.
John Kocki^, bowe and sliootingc

arrtiwcs.
Thomas (Jrowther.
Thomas Bride.
William Amias.
Richard Ivlgley, a biwo and

shootinge arrowes.

[.Memorandum.]

Muskett, j.

Callyvers, ix.

Archers, j.

< '

David Jones, Warden, in armor a
Callyver furnished.

Rees ajj (jrithth.

Piichard Moyno, Warden, in armor

sword and dagger.
Arthur Kerry.

Thomas Higgons, in armor a bill.
Thomas Emons.
William Eawkner, in armor one

Callyver furnished.

David ap Jevon, ) , . .

,r ,i , ' > his servants.

Henry \ aughan, j

John lliggins, in armor a Cally

ver furnished.

Ilomfrey Maddox, ■! , .

,.r-n- / . 1 / his servants.

W liliam ( arles, ;

Daviil Pickc, in armor a bill.

Frauncis Pike, his sonne.

(iilbert W^ood, in armor a bill.

William (Jony.

William Hobby, in armor a byll.

Thomas ]3eacoll.

John Poyner, in armor a sword,

and bill, and a dagger.
Thomas Wyne, in armor a bill, a

sword, and calliver,
'I'homas I'^vans.
David Jones, Junr. , one bill.
William Tawnye.
Thomas .Sinout, in armor a bill,
('hristopher Powley, I his

David ap Thomas, J servants.
John Malle, in armor a bill.
IJartholomew Ffoxe.
John llenks, a bill,
llichard Hat, in armor a bill.
Robt. Jones.
Ilomfrey ap i^^dward.
I'Mward (Jittins, in armor a bill.
Henry AVale.
Thomas (Jlarke.
'I'homis Phellips.
Hughe ap l^wane.
AVilliam Rider, in armor a l)ill.
Harrie Fathers.
Grithth Jones.
Thomas Poyner, in armor .sword

and dagger.
Jellery ivciHuo.
Edward Onslowe.
Edward ap David.

128

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

John Danyley, in armor a bill.
John Danyley, his Sonne.
Thomas Wood, in armor a Cally-

ver fnrnished.
John Whit foot.
Jcvon d]) \Villiam.
Thoma.s naniley, in ariiiur a l)ill.
C'hri.stopher 'I'ailoi', in armor a bill.
lltMn-y Mode.

[Memorandnm. j

Callyvers, v.

(Tanlors.

Richard Hamon, Warden, in armor

a corslett and halberd.
Richard Penne.
Griffith Johnes.
Richard Reno, Warden, in armor

a sword, dagger, Forrest bill.
Edward Man.sell,
John Davies,
Rowland Latham,
Harrie ap Roger, )
William Antley.
William Lester.
John Nicholes.
Joh'es Hussey.
Roger Langley,^ in armor a C;tlly-

ver fnrnished.
William Carrett,
John Griffies,
Rall'e Cowy,
Richard Langley, I
Robte.Llewellinc. •
John Longworth.
John Tingsley.
John Banghe.
Edward Skot.
Richard Hnssey,

shoting airowcs.
Thomas Poyncr.
William ap Rowland.
Yomond ii\) Rowland, his servant.
RcitJinold Janson.

V his servants

his servants.

a bowe and

Roger Hnssey, in aimor a bowe

and shoting arrowes.
Thoniis Skott.

Gabriell Smithe, a Forrest bill.
Tliomas Land.
Robert Heihlow.
Hnghc (irillies.
Richanl .Manningc, in armor.
William Manninge, I his

John Wync, j servants.

David Heath.
David Maddox.
Peter Hnfla.
Robert Poley, in armor a Forrest

bill.
John Bleasc.
John Skctt.
Kobt. Antley.
Tliomas Charlton, in armor a

Callyver Furnished.
Joh'es Evans.

Thomas Evans, a bowe and shot-
ing arrowes.
George Drewry, his servant.
Edward Lingham.
John Moile.
Richard Harries a bowe and

shoting arrowes.
John Griffies.
Roiidle Thomas, a bill,
i^van Johns.
Thomas (Jony, in armor a bowe

and shoting ari'owes.
John Gardner.
Rondle Smont.
Evan ap hnghc, his servant.
Richard Scot.
Homfrey Lloyd.
Thomas Hinton, a long bill.
'I'honias Jones.
William Gawen, a sword and

dagger.
.N'icholas ap itowland.
I'-dward ap ilecs, ,i ssvurd an<l

tla''-;er.

I Of("ot<ti) Rill. Admiitod 11 l?niKi;s.s liKi:}; Imricd iii St. Muiy'H, KilT). This
Wii^ ii hiotlu'i- of Williuiii liiuiglcywlio |)iirciiii.HL(l tlici Abhoy.

IX THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH. 129

Morgan Grifties. Richard (jlittins.

John ap Kichard. Tliunui.s Jones, in armor a glcve

David a]t Owen. bill.

iOlinor Llo\'d, widow. Thomas Hamons.

Harry ap Kobte, her servant. Kichard Wigley.

[Memorandum.] !)"y'''^ i'helli]>s, a bill.

liiVan ap Howell,

^^'I'f'^^ J- Kichard Bottield.

Callyvers, ij. 1,;^.^,^ .^^^ q^^.^^^^

'i'homas Kiton.

lllOcljCrS. Thomas Coodall, a bill.

■John Dawes/ gent., a light horse, '1'1'omas Hamons, a bill.

a eorslett, and a uniskett. Kichard Hamons.

j^.{fi.,y ^Viliiam Cockes, a bill.

Kci"iiold Kichard Beddowe.

|).^yi,^ Kichard Hetcldvott.

•lohn Clark, Warden, in armor a •'^''>' J'JH^oh, at hopp, (?)

Callyver luriiishcd. ^^<^^t^'- i''^''i"^'. '' 'jjH'

Kowland ap David, ) , . Thoir.us Piiellips.

,, , ,^ ' J his servants. Thoiiris Divics

l^iVanc a|) Kobt, J i nom.is wa\ il:3.

.Moiries a[) Crillilh, War len, in Kdward Kreman.

armor a black bill. William (Jittins, a bill.

John Hughes, in armor an Archer l^'c^hard Stubbe.

furnished. [Memorandum.]

I'hilliij I'atham, I , . , \ i ; i ^ i e • i i

,,, ' . ^, ,. , > his servants. A l.ight horse iurnished.

b trauneis ."ianlord, I . \r,, .u„.^

,, T ■ 111 ^^ Muskett.

lioger Jones, in armor a byll. . /i,,. ,]„i.^

Nicholas ap John Jones, his Callyver.s, iiii.

T '''■"";;• , Archers. i,j.

Jarman Hughes.

Ivichard Medlicot, a bill. .. ,, ^ ,

Thomas Clarke, an archer fur- dUrpnitCVS d* (Ll)lcVS.

nished. Kobte. Mere<lith, a bowe and
Thomas Meredith, a Callyver arrowes.

furnished. Thomas Tidder, a Callyver fur-
Hugh Vaine, in armor a Callyver nished.

furnished. Thomas ap Oyinond, his servant.

William Barton, ( , ■ ^ Kafle Sondford, a browne bill.

,, T I 'ii« servants. . , , .

Kvan James, J Andrew, his sonne.

Tliomas Vaine, a bill. Thomas Flitwood.

John Cittins, Junr. Koger Smithe, a black bill.

Jvlward Clarke, a Callyver fur- Honifrey, his soune.

nished. John Evans, a black bill.

John .Stubbe. John Morrics, his servant

Jeil'ery ap Thomas. Kichard Bradshew.

' Ballill' ill l.")(j, 1.370, luid 1.381, if not two of the name. A jterson of this
name was disclaimed by the lierald'S in 1585.

130 TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

Honifrey Davies, his servant. William Hurst.

William Mcillicot, Callyver fur- Thomas Wottmore, a bowc, bill,

nished. and dagger.

'I'homas ap Uobte, a Ijowe and Uichard Williams.

arrowes, and a black bill. (iweu ap Williams, a brown bill,
I lie-hard Williams. and a dagger.

Homfrey Ikirnet. Thouias Clarke, a sword and
Thomas Wayne. dagger.

Koger Bowld, mason, a bowe and John .Malle.

arrowes. \\^illiam Pcplowe, a sword and
John ap Rees. dagger.

John ap Howell. William Vonge, a bowe and shot-
John Edward.s, a Callyver fur- inge arrowes.

nished. William JJiid, a bowe and shot-
Jolui Quaile. inge arrowes.

Jevan ap D'd. AVyne. James Richards, a sword and
Jevan Rees. daggci'.

Roger Bowld, a black bill.

Kdward Wine, a bow and arrowes. [Memorandum.]
William (Jill, at Meylls, in armor. Musketts ij.

Richard aj* Rees. Archer j.

1 homas ap I'lvan.
Owen ap John, a Callyver, head ^^ublcrs if tlUDntCrS.

peece, sword and dager, and a *' ^

corslett furnished, with a pyke. J«l\'> l^'errct, Warden, in armor a

llbrre.st bill.

[Memorandum.] j^.^lj-^. Peudlcbury, Warden, in

('allyvcrs, 3. armor a black bill.

John ( !ley.

jflct^tbcrS Doners il^OOpcrS Ralle Skclli^tomc, in armor a
IK 1/^.,.,,..^ black bill.

A v=<)onncvs. , . , „ ■,,,. , ,,

- ^' Jolm I5ailly, a nniskett.

Richard Horton, Warden, in Jellercy Cley, a jacke.

armoi', a bowe fiiiiiishcd, a Homfrey cfcy, his sonnc.

iiniskett. Jolii; Massic'a i>lack bill.

Richard Carter, Warden, in armor William ap Tii(mia.s, his servant.

a bowe, and shotinge arrowes. Homfrey Snuthe, a jacke.

Griffith Maddocke, in armor a Artheure Katon, a Callyver fur-

(!allyver furnished. nished.

Cillam Wysbicke, in aiuior a Uichard Olivei'.

nniskett furnished. Roger llotckis, a black bill,

(kitlith, his .servant. Homfrey Tompkis, a gleve bill.

Hughe lirowne, in armor a ijrownc John Hoctkis.

bill, and a tlagger, Roger Jenks.

Thomas ap I'owell, a brown bill, jtoger Shawcr.

and a dagger. David ap Critlith.

Thomas Mynor, a bowe and shot- Wydow Jiowlls.

inge arrowes. Julward Waliis, ) ,

Hughe Segoe, his servant. Morgan ap Hughe, / ''^r servants.

IN^ THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

131

A Callyver furnislieil, and a

Corslett.
A iMu^skett.
C'allivor j.

Smttbcs.

William Clemson, Warden, in

armor a sword and dagger
AVilliani Ilolloway, ids .servant.
Jolni Ihane, Warden, in arniur ;i

blacke bill.
William Koll'e, Ins servant.
Jevan Ft'urijer, a «\void and

dagger.
Roger, his soinie,
William Stringer, a black bill.
John Tiees, a blaek bill.
Homfrey Phellips.
Thomas Adams, his servant.
Ffonlke Brane, his prentise.
llogcr Williams, a black bill.
John Hoy wood, a sword and

dagger.

Richard Rrownc, a black bill.

Thomas Adtlerton, a black bill.

Kdward \\'arrinue, 1 , .

,, . , .., " ( his servants.

retter Wyne, '

Elize And'ws.

Rafle Wilks, his servant.

llnghe Yonkis, his prcntis.

Adam Bradshowe, a forest bill.

Robte. Rrane, his prentis.

Richard Stringer, a sword and

dagger.
Richard Bromley, a black l)ill.
(Jood wyfe Farre, widowe.
^Villiam ap Powell, her servant,

halberd, sword, dager, and

miiskctl .

[Memorandum. |
(Jal livers j.

his servants.

Thomas Tiler, Warden, a black
bill.

Koger I'odmore, his servant.

John Nettles, Warden, a black
bill.

George Higgons,i gent., in armor
a calliver furnished, a halbard
bill, one corslett, and piUe fur-
nished, ij forest bills, sword
and dagger.

Richard (Jowper,

Thomas Bt)wker,

William llickine,

Juhn Mason,

John ap Robte,

John Caddy,

Richard lliggons,- senior, gent.,
in armor a Callyver furnished.

Tiiomus Bonion, gent., a muskett
s .vord and dagger.

Richurd Benion, his sonne.

lU)bte. ap Morgan,

Ffrauncib Nightengall,

'i'homasap David Lloyd,

AVilliam ap Evan.

Richard Montgomery,-* nCt., in
armor a corslett furnished.

Richard Anderton, his servant.

Jtichard Langley, gent., in armor.

Hughe Jones,

lus
ser-
vants.

Robte. Poyner, i , .

W-11-- /^ii - - > his servants.

\

Villiam Chester, f
Jeorge Briscowe, j

(

Kichard Higgons,' junr., a Cally-
ver furnished.
Roger Heins, a muskett furnished.
Richard Nevit, liis servant.
l!(jger Pctt(jn,a(Jallyver furnished.
Kfoulke Laurauce,
Thomas Warton,
John Jerpe, a corslett furnished.

his servants.

' IJiiilill ill \rm, ].")0!), 1.174, l.'..S:{, 1,")S7. I'lio family wa.s of Sticttoii iiiid
Sliri'W.'slnn y, .sue iil)(i\c.

■ Hiollui- of tliu last, aii.l IJiilill'iii KiKl and l<k).S.

■i l'iol).il,lv tlic .Hi.ii .)|' 'rii(,iii;is M.iiilj'.micry, H;iilil) in l.")t"). lie iiuuiied a
(lauj'lidr 111 'riioiiia.s .Sju'iar.

■• riic Hdii o| ( icui(;c>, iiH.'iilioiicil al)o\ L'.

132

TRAINED SOLDlEliy UF SHROPSHIRE

servants.

John ap Robte, ]

Homfrey Gill, I his

John ('ox, J

John Lewis, a halbaril, a sword
and a dagger.

David Cadd.

Robte. Streete, a black bill.

John Beniou.

Olivr. Anderton.

Thomas Griffies, senr.

Jlichard Harries, a pollax, a bill
and a sword.

Richard Phellips, a bill, sword,
and dagger.

John Littleall.

Robte. Hosier, a Callyver fur-
nished.

John Swainc,

his servants.

Iiichard Yenions, a musket t fur-
nished.

Philiii) an Morris, | , .
,,•,']',-, > his servants,

liichard hnions, j

David Tailor, a black bill.

Patrickc Browne, a blackbill.

'i'honias Gardner, a black bill,

Richard Jncks, a nniskett, fur-
nished.

John Juks, his servant.

Robte. Rider, a piekc stafte.

Richard Tenche, abowe, shottingc
arrowes and a daujiar.

John Owen, sword and dagger.

Thomas Shercr, a bowe and shot-
inge arrowes.

Edward Rue, sword and dagger.

Honifrey Jones.

John Ileines, a blaeke bill.

AVilliam Pro wde, sword and dagger.

John Calcott, a bill, sword and

Thomas Griffies, junr.

Robte. ix\) Alurries, his servant.

William Shuker, a black bill.

^bo.^c lu'J are free of noc

occupacoii Ivi^'^'m tlie

(Lolunc.

Thomas Purcell, A Light horse
furnished, A Gorslett fur'', and
Callivei fur'.

James Barker,' gent., in armor a

Corslet, and Gaily ver, furnished.
Symon Ifeines, \
Williaui Warringe,
John Hawxhead, I his servants.
Hughe ap Price, i
Hughe ap Morries, j
Thomas Lewi.s,- gent., in armor a

(.'orslet, and Gaily ver,furnislied.
William Manniuge. his servant.
Richard l''vans, gent , in armor a

bowe and arrowes, sword and

dagger, and a sculle.
Nicholas Gibbins,-' in armor a

Gaily ver, morion, sword and

dagger.

John BuUocke, ) , .

T , c- 1 11 } his servants.

John baddler, J

Hughe ap Thomas.

^Villiam (ioughe.

John ap Robert.

John Pelleborj'.

Roger Marshall.

(llolehiim.
Kfrauncis Higgous.
Lewis ap llo'ell.
Lawrens Bathoe, a bill.

I Tliia could luiidly have l)eoii tlio one of II;iii;;liiiionil ; it \vas more jirohably
liis tliird .sou, ulu) mairicd lOli/.a, (laiii^litcr ot Ivlwanl Wcale, w idcnv of Mr.
IJaUcr ol' .Slucwshuiy.

-' 'I'his \v«- HiipiM.Hc^'lt. l.e llu; IJailill in l.'.Sl, 1,'..S'.), i.V.H, l(i()0, ami KjOl, in wliicli
yi'.af lie dicil. Ili.-s /\iiiis are t^ivcii hy Owen ami I5iai;eway, hut liis tauiily does
iioL a|i|)c.Li in llii' N'isilalion (»r Ki'JIJ. A iici.-sonof liie name w an disclainnd in
1.".M:., I.y Uitliaid l-ce.

' iSliiliolas (iiltljius (sic) ini;riit lie tlie .•iauie as Nicholas (iiljbons, wlio served
the oliice i>f Ikiilitl' iu ir)8S and liVJU.

IX TilE IIEIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

133

John Morgan.

Jolm Mere, a bill.

John Tinsley.

Henry Jones, a bill.

Hughe Ma.s.sie.

liicharJ Grithe.-s, sword anil

dagger.
John Price.
William George.
Hughe uj) JMiyon.
Itichard (Jrillith, a ('allyver I'ur-

uished.

TThc C!:.i5t of tU.ibbcij fornctl.

llicluird Prynce,' e.squire, liarnes
for ys men.

John Pradlcy, |

Thomas (Joold, > his servants.

William Prydd, )

William Poyner, (.)ne cor.-slett fur-
nished and Gaily ver.

Roger Poyner, \

Ivichard Yeinons, >his servants.

John Hancoxe, j

'I'homas Hatton,- gent., a eorslett
and Gallyver furnished.

Uichard ap J"'van.

Thomas Watson, a bill, a Gally-
ver furnished.

J'hn ap I'lvaii, "j

Grillith ap Morris, Miis servants.

Owen ;ip Hvan, j

John Shutt.

John ]^)lal<\\ov.

William Lee."

John Gi)W[).

Thomas ilytlir, a bill, a Gallyver
furnisheil.

A Gallyver furnibhed for that
part of the streete.

lloger Hack wood.

John Dixon, junr.

Thomas Bland.

Thomas i lai'iies.

ts.

Robte. ap William.
William Meredith.
Roger Tyler.

lihc diiicst cn'b of th.ibbeu

foirictl.

John Patton, a muskett fur

nished.

Robte. Tompson.

(ieorgc C!arttcr, a bill.

John Allen.

.Arthur Kasto|jp.

Jolm (Jhidlowe.

John Witcherley.

'JMiomas Gritlies.

John Jones, a bill.

Kilward Heines.

(Jeorge Duughtie.

William Doughtie,

Homfrey Prees, a bill.

Thomas Barnett, | , .

,... ■ r, ' > ins servan

1' frauncis Barnett, J

John Tid.ler.
Jevan ap Hughe.
Thomas 'Javies.
Hughe Mathewes.
John Hirst.
Griffith Morgan.
John, his soime.
Gadd' ap John.
Ric'e ap Robte.

Oliver ap Robte, a muskett fur-
nished.

ahc (Ltliiohc (iAl.ui).

Thomas Wottley, esquier.

Roger Powell, ) , .

r,,, ^ 1,,,. Ins servants.

I liouKis Kills, )

John Golle, gent.

John Biston,' gent., in armor a

Gallyver furnished.

John ap Jevan.

Riehui'd ap Thomas.

' AIil<'riii:in, alrcaily iiotioiil |i. 'J.")(), \''i)l. 11., Second Si'iics.
- Till- ioiiil |iiu>li;mT \s illi Kirli.ud I'liiuc and Tlioiiiiii Itoek of tlic Manor of
the Aldny l''oici^utc.
^ A jicrsoii of tliiH name was disilainii-d l)y Iticlianl l<i'i-, T'oi tonlliM, in 1.")>S.').
Vol 111., 2nd S. K

134

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

JfrannkbiU.

Hughe Davies.

Hopkine ap liichard, at [place

omitted.]
Edward Griffies.
Sinister ^Yebster.
llobte. ap Ilees, a bill.
GritHth ap Jcvau.
William ap Owen.
Owen Jevaus.
Thomas Ffaines.
Hughe ap Robte.
Thomas Junes.
John Bruester.
John Cromp.
Richard Boughe, a bill.
Thomas (jill.
Cadd' ap Tidder.
Roger Wootley, a bill.
John Gln-fys.
William Jones, a corslett and a

niuskett furnished.

(iTastlc (jilarl).

Edward Davies, esquier.

Lewis Benion,'\

John Adams, Miis servants.

Griffith, j

llomfrcy Saye, gent.

Edmond (-larke, a Callyver fur

nished.

Roger Evans,a niuskett furnished.

Thomas, | , .

-r, } his servants.

Roger, I

John Corde, a Callyver furnished.
Griffith, his servant.
John Hinman, a Callyver fur-
nished.
Roger Grume.
William Tuwell.

Jfovictt cast.
William Marcer, Constable.
'IMii whole street a muskett foinid.
'I'honi.is l.ungduii, a buwe and ;;
sholl'i! of arrowes, and a Hword.
Ruble I'lviuiH.
Edward (joodalle.
'I'homas Tidder. a sword.

Roger, his sOnne.

John Mayne.

Griffith ap David.

Richard Swayne, a Callyver fur-
nished.

Thomas Cowies.

Adam Webbe, a muskett fur-
nished, a sword and dager.

Thomas Hunter, his servant.

Henry Hancox.

Reter Eilwards.

Edward Jonson,

Roger Lloyd.

John Kempe.

Richard Wickstidd.

John Edwards.

John Parre.

AVilliam Dovaston.

Thomas Ja.'cun.

Ellis ap Jenkiu.

(Cotton.

Thomas Swayne, senr.

Thomas, his sonne.

Richard Sheynton, his servant.

Richard Poole.

William Gooale.

Thomas Steele.

Edemoud Vickermond.

Griffith ap Rothcwell.

Thomas Davies.

Raffie Barkley.

^ctoii ^^cignolb.

John Richman.

Richard Buny, his servant.

William Woufu.

Henry Woofe, his sonne.

liichard Hullis.

John Hullis, his sunne.

Thomas Wyldbloud.

Efrauncls Wright.

John Waynwright.

John Halle.

I'cter \V'cl)bc, his man.

Thomas Micklcy, senr., a Kalyver.

Thunias MickUy, jimr.. ) his

Hughe Mickley, / sunnes,

TiConard Svmons.

tN THE REIGN OF iJUl^^^^^'^ ELIZABETH.

135

Richard Synions, his Sonne.

William Ilatchett.

Ilichanl Maddox, his man.

George ITatchett.

llobtc. liackett, a sword & dagei'.

CJeorge Gregory, his servant.

William Crompe, a black bill.

Thomas Symons, his servant.

Bartholoniewe Weaver, a sword
and dager.

William Woofe, junr., a sword
and dager.

John Menlove.

Roger Menlove, his sonne.

Tliomas Hussey, his servant.

Richard Wycttall, a blacke bill.

Thomas Ranshawe, his man.

Homfrcy Smithc.

William Smithc, his sonne.

Edward Lythe.

The rest of this Townshipp ij
Callyvers furnished, a Corselet t
with a pike, furnished with
sword and dagger. The Corse-
lett vcwcd, ye rest arc to be
readyc within xiiij daies.

Thomas Kilvart, Constable, a

black bill.
Richard Key.
John Felton.
John Felton, his sonne.
Rciguold Felton.
Richard Newans, a black bill.
William Felton, his man.
Thomas Maddox.
William Maddox,
Ric. Maddox,
John Edge, his brother.
William Cuerton.
William Cuerton, his sonne.
Ric. Allen, a bill,
llond'rcy l''mcry.
Robtc. Finery, his sonne.
John AV^ebbe.

his sonnes.

Richard Halle.
Homfry ^hlddox.
Richard Yatc.
John Dodd.
(Jriffith Morris.
Hamlett Ilaughley.
A Corslett, a Murryon, Callyver
furnished, sword and dager.

Rhillip Banastcr,' a Corslett with

a pike furnished.
Richard Tylor, sword and dager,

a Callyver furnished.

Reisiiiold Asterley, \ , ■ ,

° '" ' his servants,

Ric. Harper,

■•I

i> rt- u * 1 .^ ? I'nunp

Ratie Hatchett, ( ,» • ^

rni 1^ I Baniester.

i liomas Evans, /

liic. Twis, a sword.

Ric. Riyder.

Phillip Taylor, a sword, dager,

and sallett.
Thomas Taylor, a sword and

dager.
John Huffa,

IMiillip lIulTa, his sonne.
Thomas Ekyn.

I'etcr Dodd, a sword and dager.
Thomas Bowers.
John Pykcn.
Robte. Marten.
Thomas Ashey.
John Lee.
William Budd.
John ap Evan, his man.
George Edwards.
Roger Bather.
Flic. Blower.
The rest of the Township a bowe

& a shetVe of arrowes furnished.

Jolin Heines.
Robte. Goodman.
Jolin Cotton, a bill, sallett. and a
payer of splents.

' Eillior t,'i-an(l.son or t^reat^^'raiulsoii of 'riioinay BaMi.stiT(ttniii. Slli Huury \'L)
who married a dau-litcr of Sir Koburt Corliett, of Morctoa C'orlict.

136

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

George Cotton, his sonne.
Hughe Gilbert, his servant, a

bowc. a shefle of arrowes, sword

and dager.

(Siucthcot.

WiUiani Wuvert, junr., a blacke

bill.
Peter Wavert.
JeftVey Loppington.
Edwanl Evans.
Nicholas V^aughane.
Lawranco Ward.
Roger Bowers.
A bowc, a shefl'e of arrowes, a

swortl and dager.

CLliOc.

ilobte. Drap, ) ^ , ,

u- I 1 n,* 1 I f constables.
Kieliard \V itcherley, j

Robte. Drap, a blacke bill.

Thomas, his man.

Homfrey Onslowe.

lliehard Uiislowc, his suune.

Thomas Callett, his man.

Thomas 15aylie.

John Newans.

Thomas Smithe.

Richard Drurye.

Homfrey Scott.

John Mendlowe, a eword and a

dagger.

Thomas, his man.

John lleines.

Willm. Witcherley, a bowc.

Roger, his sonne.

William, his sonne.

John, his sonne.

Thomas li.aughe, a blacke bill.

David, his man.

Roger l.ockley.

Roger Wicherley.

Thomas Weston.

Kichard Weston.

William Weston.

Homfrey Maddox.

Thomas Deas.

Thomas Vaighan, a jack, a sallct.

Roger Rete.

Thomas Feltou.

Thomas Drury.

William, his sonne.

Thomas, his sonne.

^Villiam Pridden.

John Rearcham.

Roger Spendlowe, a bowc and
arrowes.

Richard, his man

Richard ^Vood, a sword and
da<i'ger.

Richard Vickers, a black bill.

Andrew Husband, a bowe and
arrowes, and a bill.

William Sturdve.

William Harp.'

Jolm Chester.

A Corslett with a pike, sword and
dager, a bowe, and shefl'e of
arrowes, and a Callyver fur-
nished.

Richard Russell, con'5tal)le, a
bowe, a forest bill, a sword.
Above Ix" yeres [old].

Richard Kussell, his sonne.

John Shute, his man.

Roger Russell, a sword and dagger.

John Robte, his man.

Richard Hansone.

Bowe, sheile of arrowes, sword
and dagger.

|3roQhtou.

Michaell [..ystcr, gent., in armor
a Almon Rivet, a bill, and a
Corslett.

Thomas Riddley, gent., a Cors-
lett, and a ('allyver furnished.

John Marshe, a bowc, a shetle of
arrowes.

Roger JSIarshe,

William Rabye,

Roger Bocher.

Roger Pichford, a dager.

Thomas Stocke.

William Staudley.

Tlie rest of the T(nvnshi|)p ahoM'e,
and sheaH'e of arowes, swoord,
and datiC)'.

his servants.

IN TUi: REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

137

llorlon.

John Wood, ('unstable.

James Witclierley.

William Wilcheiley, a bowc. Lx" i

Thomas Hancox, a poUax.

liobto. Smithc.

Thomas lliujinfeon, a bowc. Lx'\

'i'homas lligiiison, his sonnc.

(icoigc Nunnyley.

Thomas Nnnnylcy.

John I'riddeu, a bill, a bowo, OU

yoros.
John I'riilden, his sonnc
Tliomas Priddon, his sonnc.
A ('allyvor, a muryon, sword and

dayor.

JVlbcitou.

Tlmmas Downton, a bowo and

shc'lle of arrowL's,
William I'addox, his servant.
(!cor!ne Downton, a nuirren, a

blacke bill.

William, I , .

,,. , , his sonnes.

lUeliard, j

Tliomas Amias, a sword and

dagger.

Robtc, his Sonne.

Diulcscott.

Kobte. ilussey,'- gent., a Corslett.
liic'ds Ilussey, his Sonne.
James, his servant.
Anthony llus.sey, gent., a Cally-

ver furnished.
John Millinton, his servant.
John L\)tehett, a sword auil

dagger.
llichanl Niyhtengall, a bo we, a

shell'e of arrowes, and a skull.

William (h-illiths, ( , . .

,,,.,,. ,, ' > Ins servants.

U illiam Lonynuc,

II ,■ 1. • la bowe, a shefc
llomircy Powis, ^ '

1 1 u oi arrowes, u

John Hussey, i , i

-' J sword ik dagger

Thomas Pvaine, a blacke bill.

John Conynge, scnr., a blacke bill.

John Conynge, junr., a blacke bill.

Tliomas Turnor.

Itichard Conynge.

Thomas Maninge.

(irillith William, his servant

William Aston.

Adam, his man.

John Dias.

Tiiomas Poyner.

William Cooke, at Manley.

Lewis.

Nicholas Stell.

Morries ap Richard.

Richard "Wythers.

The rest of the Townshippe a

bowe, and a shellb of arrowes,

sword, and dagger.

John Betton," a bill.
Allen Manynge, a bill.
Thomas Manynge.
John Manynge.
Pkichard Higgons, a bill.
Richard Higgons, junr.
Thomas Clarke, a bill.
Morries Jones.
John Thomas.
Robte. Foster.
William Tailor,
liichard Sandford.
John Lloyd.
AVilliam Clarke
Richaid Juckes.
(Jrilhth.

A bowe, a shelle of arrowes, a
scull, sword, and dager.

' Sixty ycais old.

- A MS. iHili;4ix;c of tin; Hjul.sjott hunily of tiiis iKiine, l»y tlu' late Mr. .Jo.sci>li
Monis, is to he foiiiid in the Slircwsljiiry llcfrifjiicc; Jjihraiy, luit it is dillicult
to roi.'oiicilu it witli tlio fiitlicr luid sou hcie iiiuiitioiied. The Iticliurd lliisscy
of tliL' ))riU;^it'r, w lioin we take to ho tlic sou here meiitioucd, is made to be a
sou of li'lr/ianl, not l-volu'it, as uliove.

^ A family of lliii uainc was .srated at IJerwicU from au early jieriod. See
U'leteUur's lia((li)Uhl Church, \i. 4.

138

TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

Thomas Juckes, a bill, a bowc.

Lx ycres.

Tliomas, 1 , .

'[ his sonnes.
(icorge, J

Richard Yewyii, above lx".

'i'iiunias, his soiiiie.

Thomas Wilkes, a black bill,

above l.v".
John, his soiine.
Kdmoiul Jacks.
John Mansloe.
A bowe, a slieft'e of arrowes, a

senile, a sword, and dagger.

j^lbvighussc

Edward Hussey,^ esquire, a hors-

man furnished.
Hughe Peutheline,
William hjharpe, i
GriHith ap John, /
William Bayley, > his servants.
Thomas Hunt,
Ffrauncis Shawe,
Thomas Uydingcre,
Ric'us Moyne, a bowe, a bill.
Arthur Heyward, a bill.
John Hudson, a sword and dagger.
James Hudson, his servant.
Rowland Moyne.
Evan Rider.
Thomas Wotton, sword, dagger,

and buckler.
Lawrens Shawe.
John Smith

George Irishe, constable.
The rest, a bowe, and a sheflfc of

arrowes.

4^Uni)cuc.

Leonard Chambre,-' in armor a
Callivcr, with morion, sor.lc,
and dagger.

Addam Colfox, in armor a bow, a
sheffe of arrowes, and a skull.

The rest of tJie Township, a Calli-
ver furnished.

The names of the housholders and
there servants.

Leonard ('hambrc,

John ap Richard, ] , ■

,, • , ,, n )■ his servants.

David ap Howell, j

Addam Colfox, a bowe. l.v ycres
[of age.]

Edward Colfox, his sonue.

^Villiam Higley, his servant.

William Colfox.

Ffrauncis Recte, a Calliver fur-
nished.

Richard Peete, his sonne.

Richard Iri.she, 7 , ■

, , ,. ' > his servants.

John I eete, \

John Witchcrley. Ixx [years of

aize.J
Adam Tilsley.
Roger Bride.
George Bebbington. Ixx [years

of age.]

John, I 1 •

... , ' , > ins sonnes.

luchard, \

Thomas Nightengalle.

John Heiies.

William Spiistowe.

James Gate.

John Williamsone.

Richard Corks.

Jeflerey Gate.

The rest of tliis Townshipp a

Caliver furnished.

iJrcstou (Subbolls.

Mr. Dracott, in armor.
George Malkine, \
Thomas Witcherley, ( his
Robto. Woodwart, ( servants,
Thomas Peekockc, I
Leo. eent,, in armor.

' Soil of Riduiiil lIuH.st^y of tlic s,uii(; itlacc, liy liis wifo I'llciia, daiigliter of
Tlioiiiii.s Olcli'V uf rieliford.

- Wc .siii)i)u.sc tliia lo l)u Olio of the PoUou family of that iiuuic, who married
the widow of Wilhaui Colfox, a son of Addam Coltox, next in tUe list.

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

139

his

uuts.

his servants.

William Garmsoniie, \

Uogor Vickors, (

Roger Mathcwes, f servu

llobte. lialhows, /

Arthur Luter, gent., in armor.

John Bromley,

William ap John,

W^illiam Kforton, ) , , .,,
T 1 /ii 1 r '^ gleve bill.

Jolui Clarke, ) ^

Morris picke. [Without name of

giver.]
Richard Downes, a black bill.
Edward Brethinge.
John Loppington, a black bill.
Edward, his Sonne.
John Williiims, a bowe & arrowes.
Edward, his brother.
John Lloyd, a bowe and arrowes.
Roger Besfore.
Richaril Dunford.
Hornfrie Fallowes, a bowe and

arrowes.

John Fallowes, ) , .

rp, ,, „ \ his sonncs.

iliomas rallowes, )

AVilliani Druryc, a sword.

John Fforstcr.

John a[) Morrics.

William ap Recs, constable, a

blacke bill.

Thomas lligley, his servant.

John Lee, constable.

A ('orslett, a bill, sword, &. dager.

^jcncot.
John Bowers, ]

Richard his Sonne, \ a bowe.
Richard 1^'elton, J

eJOolodcot.

^\T■^v \n \ ^ 1 '" armor a
William Webster, , n- r

Richard Wolliscot,

') arrowes.

llencot and Wollascott a bowe

and shcllc of arrowes.

JVollio.

'I'lmuiiis .NLiddox, senr., a bnwe

and arrowes, and a liill.
(jcorire Calcott.

John Higgins.

John Bentley.

Thomas Tawny, senr.

Thomas Maddo.x;.

Thomas Tawny, junr.

Robte. Maddo.x, a bill.

Roger Downton.

Thomas Collet, junr., a bill.

Ilichard Collet.

Thomas Maddox.

Ffrauncis Tompsone, a bowe and

arrowes.
James Tompsone.
Thomas Espley.
Robte. Palmer, a bill.
James Palmer.
Richard Kilvert.
Thomas Kilvert.
Thomas Collet, Mciccr, a Calliver

furnished.
Thomas (^ollet, Taylor.
John Collet.
Peter Eakine, a bill.
Ffrauncis Dackiue.
John Morgine, senr.
John Morgane (s/r), junr.
Thomas Binncll, a bill.
John ap Res.
John Potter.

Thomas Tawny, junr., a bill.
Rondle S^'mkine.
John Toinjison.
^Thomas (Jrinshill, a Calliver

furnished.
William Ivecy.
Robart Oliver.

Thomas (irinshill, a bill it jacke.
Owen Tether.
Petter Mad<lox.
A (Jorslett with j^yke, a Callyver,

with a morryen furnished, a

bowe with shefl'e of arrowes.

^'cilloil.

Roger Thorues, gent., a bowe, Ix**
[years nf age] a Callyver fur-
nisiied.

IiikciUmI by a (liirLicnt li:ui(l.

140 TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SIIIIOPSHIRE

Yevaii, his man. iioger Tidder, his servant.

John Lee, his nian. John Spuonlc}-.

Richard Felton, Ix j'cres [of auel 'l'iiuuii;s Tiihlcr.

a Jacko. iMlward, his sonne.

Juhn Cjlfuno, his servant. .luiin IMckL-rstaU'e.

John Gfiinoe. Kobte. Hollo.

Hie. GennoOj his sonne. K'cluud Tidder, senr.

Ffrauncis Loppington. Hichard Tidder, junr.

Nicholas Widder, Ix yercs [of ai^e] Thomas Tidder.

a bill. Thomas liirche.

Fonke Widder, his sonne. Thomas, iiis .sorvanie.

Ffraniicis Widder. John Harries.

Mathewe Uickine, Ix yeres [of Thonias I'oole.

age.] Richard (Jittins.

John liickine. Thomas Davies.

Jefferey Shelvocke. Honfrey Nicholls.

Richard Shelvocke. Ix yeres [of Tlic furniture for this Townshipp

age.] ^ is—

Richard Win. ('alliver, an^l a heade pece, the
Nicholas Bucke. rest of the Townshipp a Cally-

John Downe. ver farni.slicd.

W uliam relton, constable. ^ "^

The furniture hn- the Townshippe: -'olni Fallouts, constable.

A Calliver, a flaske, one Touche J'^^i'iT Talcott, a (lallyver fur-
l)o.xe, a skull. ni.slied.

. . The rest of the Towneshipp a

Thomas Pontesbury, in armor a John llussey, \

corslett, pickc, sword il- dagger. 'IMu)nias NVigJito, a bowe and

John I'restou. William ap William, ' a shcfle of

Jolni Dickc John (Jalcott, I arrowcs.

Thomas Sambrockc. Richard f.ewis, /

Richard Rnbines. -« -,, ,,

JJljmUn. Hughe Jcdlr.s, a Callyver fur-

!15ow and a nished.

.•oux's^alnml 'j!^'''''; ''1' ;^;''"\' 1 his servants,

iiiul .la-.r, <i llon.ficy Harries,)

skull, ami . I IIul;1i(' Rraddockc, a Callyver

* '^"W ' , '"' urnis led.

m^iK

Lew is alt Thomas, ) , . ,

ii>;,.|,,„ ,, ' , Uiis servants.

.«•'"■"■"'■ r.\ ail ap .Icvaii, j

I'ldward i'hillip.s, in ;irmor a bowc, ,,,, ,, .,,. \ a bowe and

.' .11 ' iK'inas («nllics, i ir r

a slirllc c)| arrowcs, a .slillc ,,. , , ,^ ' } .sli(ll(; ol

, , , liicliaid DaWhoiK.'
cajipc, a sword anil ilaggvr. / anowi.'s.

.Iiihii Tulrv, his .scivaiil . Itolaiid Millwaid.

llichaid .\dilaiiis, .i swoi'd and 'i'lic irsl dl' liic Tuwiishipp

ilai-Licr

( 'all V vcr furiiislicd.

I.\ TIIK Ri:[(;X OF QUEEX KLTZABETII.

141

Thomas Starry, esquier.

,,•1 1 -rv \^ bowe and a

llicluird Daw.son, i .v c

i liomas Cu'ilhcs,

) arrowcs.

Richard Growiier, (?) servant to

Ricliard Dawson.
David Growncr (?).
George Niglitcngalle.
The rest of the Townshippe a

bowe and sheflTe of Arruwcs

furnished.

^hcltou \'(' (D-vtMi.

Thomas Davies, senr.

John Davies, senr.

John Davies. juiu'.

Thomas, juiu'.

William Sponley.

Adam Sponley, constable.

Kdward Sponley.

Jt>hn Flames,

Williaiii Hill.

Morgan ap ^Villiam.

David ap Uecs.

Thomas ("orbin.

The furniture for theis 'I'owne-

ship[)S, a bowe, a shefle of

arrowcs, a sword, a dagger,

and a scull.
A bowe, siiefl'e uf arrowcs, scull,

Hword, and dagger.

(Ducdoluc

I'ldward Onslowe,^ c.^quier, in ar-
mor a muskett furnished.

John Lingham, \

John .Minors, J

Edward Purcell, in armor a mus-
Uett furnished, a jacke, a shefle.

Robte. Powell, )

Hughe ap l'ue,|

Ins servants.

his servants.

Adam Fortenj a bowe.

Edward Forten, his sonne.

John Smithe, his servante.

,,. , J /-,! • 11 ] a bowe and
Richard Cludley, ,

/, Til -^'l- arrowcs, sword

Cicorge Blower, i , , '

° j and daggers.

John Roberts.

'I'he Rtcst of the Townshipp a

bowe, a shefFe of arrowcs, sword

and dagger.

(liloolicot <ic il)orton.
John Ilo.syer,- gent., a bowe. Ix'^

[years of a.:e.]
Thomas Ho.sycr, a Calliver fur-

nisheil, and a Corslctt.
Robte. Rassonde, ^
lulward Poulle, Uiis servants,
John ap David, j
Richard Warringe,'' gent , aCally-

ver furnished.
Jevan ap Rees, his servant.
Thomas Jiider.

NichoUas Ridder (sic) hia sonne.
Tiiomas Hosier, gent.
John, his man.
Richard Maunsell,
William Carlles,
David ap Rcignold,
R(jbte. Whcttstonnc,
Hughe Spiimley,
Roger ap Jevan,
John Gatte,

m armor a
sctill, a

bowe, and
shefle of
arrowcs

furnished.

4Boiu-|;c mcclc Oi- cjooshill.

Roble. Rcnioii, in armor a Jacke.
William Phillips, his servant,
.lolin Rcuioii, a polla.xe.
Ji();4cr Rromley, his servant.
Richard ap Pichard, his servant.
.\ <'al\vcr with murryen fur-
nished.

' Tlic soil of numplirey Onslow, )jy M:iry, daughter of Uicliiud Wrottealy
- .Sou of 'I'lioiiKis Ifosioi- of tlic saiiu' phice. Tlie family wii3 of W cl.sli

(jxtiiictioii.
^ 'I'liinl sou of xVtlaiu Warinj,'. Jfc bccaiiic i.ossesscd of Woodcot l>y marriage

witli Margaret, daughter of John dc \V<)0(l(?ot.

Vol. ill,, lind S. ?7

142 TRAINED SOLDIERS OF SHROPSHIRE

CChurcli hantuoolic. Thomas Whitley.

John On.slowo.i above Ix yercs [of '^'''^ir furniture is a bowe, a sheffe

iXi^Q], in armor a bill & a sword. ^^ arrowcs, a sword, a dagger.

Johii Ifvngham, his son-in-lawc. -^ ^^^^C; ^ sliefie of arrowes, a

Koger Gibbons, above Ix" [years ^^'"i^l> ^^^'^^'^l ^^"^^ dagger. [Tliis

of a>:e], a bill. " ^'"^^^ sentence is by another

Kichard aj) William, ) his '"'^'i'^-]

(Griffith ap Evan, J servants. ^^Vlcclc bnuT.

Thomas Medlicot a bill Artiu.r M^ckworth, gent, above

Art uu-ns Medhcot, his brother. j,, ^ ^^ .^^ ^^ ^^

liichard A\arter, abill. furnished

Homfrey Onslowe, his son-in-law. Ki,],,,j- jj^.^^j.^^ j^-^ ^^^,^,^^^^_

Lobto. Dow;ne, Constable, a bill. r,,U]hh ap Puchard, his servant.

LdwardP!ullips,abdl. ^y,,^^^,,^ Mackworth, gent., in

,/illia.a Pennet, Weaver. ^,,,^,o, ^^ ^^^,,^^.^j^ ^^ ^^ .^^^^

Roger Daw.son. a black bill,

John Snuthe. Edward, ) , .

Edward ai. Davies. q^.^^j^ .^^^ Hichard, f '"^ •^'-''•^''^'its.

i;ichard Owens j^,„, j^.j^^^^ .^ ^,^^^.,.^, j,^,, ,^ ^,^„^.

IhomasMereddthe ver furnished.

A Cor,slelt with Pike, a tally ver ^iHj.^,,, sherer.

^'^'^''''^l''^^^- William Millward, ) , .

:i!)auluoobc. Kubtc, f '"■'' servants.

Clement Wychcrlcv. ^"^"^ Kraunckc.

Robtc., his servant. •^"•"> Kerry, a blacke bill.

John Carles. Richard, his suune.

John Littlealle. Howell Lloyd.

AVilliam Porrv. •^^'"' ll;tsnet, l.V^ [years of age.]

.lohu .Mcrv. " John llasnet, his sonne.

Homfrey Rowdier. Arthur J lames,

liees ap' Evan. Arthur Efraunce.

Jolni Jaundrell. Thomas (h-illies, lx° [years of age.]

Jiihn Tiler. Arthur (Jritiics, a sword and a

The furniture for this Townshippe blacke bill.

is one Callyver, a sword, a J^''"^ Kvans.

dagger, a Haske, a tuche bo.x, l^-^lward Kerry, Constable.

and a murren. Ceorge P.nght.

--,,.,,, ., .-^,, ,1 , 'I'he Rest of the Townshippe a

(LdhlUlciJ .V (Ldhclbcch. (<ally ver furnished. '
AVilliam ^Varter, a Callivcr far-

uishcd. iJulliMj olb libfiiico.

Roger Cowp. Richard Rctton, a bill.

.liiiiM lliiitdii. .lulm, hi,^ .s(jniie.

A\'illiam .Mkocke, ('onstalile. I.cwi.i (iriililhcs, his man.

W'llli.iiH SuK( r. William Siiker.
IMu.ird W.Mil. r.

.All liurus .\l3Iward.

' Of ilic family of OiL-iluu , uf Oh.-jIow,

IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

14;]

Julm Smout, his nuui.
Juliu Milwanl, seiir., u bill.
Artluu'us l)uruni<,'-e, a bill, aswurd

;ind a dagger.
Ai'thurus SyuKnis, a bill, a sword,

and dagger.
Juhvartl dritlith, hi.s man.
Juliu Mihvard, a blackc bill.
John Mihvard, his sonne.
Hie, his soune.
Kichard Dueke.
Arthurc Suker, Cunjtable, a furesL

bill.
^Jnlliij ucU) libeitico.

Edward Irland, gent , in armor a
bowc, and a shefTe of arrowcs.

George Betton, a blackc bill.

Thomas Bould, a blackc bill.

Uaffe Firrctt.

Hobte. William.^.

Thomas AViHe.

David Williams.

John Corles.

PuUy ould and newc liberties, a
bowe, shellb of arrowcs, sword,
and dagger.

^iJuUichc
John Kenricke.

4lobcilbc.

John Downe, Constable, abdve

l.\° [years of age.]

Adam Downe, | , .

T 1 T-> ) his soiines.

John Downe, J

William Lockley.

John Pongncll.

Arthur Jones.

liobte. JSheier, above l.\" (\e,irs

ol age]

John Sherer, ) , .
. ^, ,,, > Ins sonnes.

Arther biierer, )

Thomas Downe, above l.x." ; years

of age|, a blackc bill.
Uoble. ap Kichard, his servant.
10 van a|) i'ld wards, above l.\"

[years of age].

' Son of Edward IJiutun of Longiior.
middle of the l;itli century.

AVilliam Jones.

A L'allyver furnished.

JlcUitou ^'(,- itligboliic

Jul ward ISenion.

Arthur lienion, ) , . . „,

,,..,,. ,, . ' vhis sonnes.
W uliam l>enion, j

AN'idiam Jennyns.

J (dm JUonley.

(jleorge liussell, above li° [years

of age], a browne bill.
William I'asson.
AVidiam Prowde, gent., above Ix

[years of agc^ a browne bill.
Jevan ap liowcn.
John liohte.
A buwe, shetle of ;crrowes,& a scull.

^ul;mc»i-c.

Thomas Burton/ gent., in armor

a Callyver furnished, a bowe,

and slielle of arrowcs.
liughe Howell,
Jvlward lloldgreane,
Itichard Boughton,
David (.'adds
John Uwcn,
Hughe Bromley,
Thomas Mackworlh,

arumr, a Corslett, a pike, sword

and dagger.

John Vickers, his servant.

Kic. lieincs.

,,,, .. . )n\ armor a

1 homas Hemes, ( ,, ,, i,,.. .,,,j
, ,. , , , . >t AUalelt ana

Bichard, his sonne, j ^ pyke.

]'-dward I'ettou.
iiichanl Ik'ttou.
.Moi-gaiuc, servant to Thomas 11.

[lieincs. J
John tiittoc.
liartholomewe Tunge.
I'^frauucis llarre.-^onne.
The Best of the Townshii'pe a

l)ow(.', a slielVe (;f arrowcs, sword,

and dagger.

Thi.s family wna seated liere from the

his
servants.

rent.

144 TRAfNKD SOLDIERS OF SHltOPSHJHK

The above presentment contains 1,857 names, exclud-
ing women, and men above GO years of age ; being 17-1
more than are contained in that of 1580.

If any justihcation l)e needed for ])rintiiig this long
Presentment ot Arms, and the one of 1580, it is to be
found in the fact that they are, hrstly, gei'main to the
subject of this paper ; secondly, they present a \ery
complete census of the male population of the town at
a most interesting period of its history ; and thirdl}*,
they are a mine of information to the genealogists who
are concerned in tracing tlie pedigrees of the families
connected with Shrewsbury.

A GLOSSAUy OF SOME OF THE NAMES OF ARMS AND
ARMOUR IX THE PltECEDlNG PRESENTMENTS.

Almainc ryvetts. (AUcinagiic, Frencli for Germany). A coat of
arrnour provided with a series- of overlapping plates, fastened
together by rivets, wliich, moving in long slots, allowed a free
play in the movements of the wearer.

Alniayne rivets. ) Tr A- .. ^ c u- 4.1. v.
• 1 '' . ^ fDulerent modes of spelhng the above.
Almon rivet. ) .

Archer. A soldier armed with the long-bow.

Arquebuse. The early form of musket discharged by a match held

by a spring. It was, iiowever, applied indifTcrenth' to several

forms of inusket.
Back-plate. A steel plate to prutcct the back, worn with a breast-

j)late.
.,.,, -^ A weapon consisting of a large steel blade divided at the top
.. jj '.into a hook and a pike, having a pike also at the back. It

•^ ' ) was monntcd on a long wooden sliaft.
lilack-bill. The same as last, but painted black.
Bourgonet. (From the French lourguir/not). A kind of steel helmet

which had a rounded crown with a crest, and was distinguished

by a shade over the eyes, cheek-piece, and neck-guard. It

dates about the end of the loth century.
Breast plate. A steel jdate to jjrotect tiie breast.
Brigandine. A quilted tunic lined with overlapping metal plates

riveted to each other.
Broch. Probably another name for a pike ; it denotes a spit.
Brown Bill. A bill oxydized by Llie air, or artificially, like the

modern rifle.
Galivcr. (From the French j)ih-c dc calibre). A musket larger in

the bore and lighter in weight than the Arquebuse.
Goat of fence. A mailed or padded tunic used in fencing.

IX THK HKKIX oF QUEEX KLLZABETH. 145

Corslet. ) A cuirass having a skirt of overlapping steel plates, called

Corslett. ) tasses.

Doublet. Another name fur a Jack, which see.

Dropper. Probably a ni-.iul carried by xVrcliers.

Flask. A vessel for holding powder.

Forest Bill. A bill used by woudmen, closelv resembling tlie military

bill.
Furniture. Denotes the outrit of man or liorse.

(.launtlet. A glove having very strong leather to protect tlie wrists,
('laive. Diflers from a bill in having the cutting edge convex, anii

tapering to a recurved ])(jint.

(jlleve. The same as preceding.

(lorget. A jiiece of ainiour fur defending the neck.

(Jonne. ) . i * r i i c

. , >A general term for a haml hre arm.

uun. )

llagbut. I 'riie mu.sket which laecedod tiic Arqucbusc, and was of

Hagburt. I simpler constructiun.

Ifalbard. ) , , . . ., j , . i ,. ,

jr 1, .1 I A weapon combinmg a juke and a battle axe, htted to a

IT , , ,1 lonir wooden shaft.
llaleberd.J ^

llandgonne. A hand gun.

Harness. Accoutrements of man or horse.

Hanjuebus. Sec Arcpiebuse.

Hauberke. Mail armour for the body.

Holberd. See Halberd.

llufken. A light metal head piece worn by an archer.

,', *■■ I A thickly padded tunic.

Javelin. See pike.

Kaliver. See caliver.

fiance. See pike.

Maule. .V wca|)on used by .\rcliers ; it had a barrel-shaped head

\\ ith a long handle.
Mercy one. See ne.\t.
Morion. A steel hilmel lining to ihe head, with a narrow or broad

biim, according to the fashion of the day.
Morion pike. A pike used by those who wore a morion.
Morris i)ikc. Doubtful.
.\fusket. (l''i'oiii Ital. )no$r/i, ttn, i""rench mou^qutt). A general name

for lii'c aims cari'iid in the hand.
Oylet-coat. (From the French nci/li't). It niay be a coat laced down

the front, the lace passing through eyelet holes.
I'arti.^an. (From the French partuisonr). A kind of pike with a

iloublo educd blade, bai Ijed at the base.
I'auldroii. The arm(;ur which coverctl the sh(Hdder.<j, from which

Sometimes a [liecc arose to protect the neck.
Pike. A steel spike aUixed to a long shaft of wood ; a kind of lance.

,, ,, ' ' > \n iron or steel a.\e iitted witli a lone wooden handle.
Poll axe. ) °

14G

TRAINED SOLDIEIW OF SllHOrsHIllE.

PouMron. See Pauldroii.

Privey-coat. Possibly chain armour worn under the tunic.

,,' ^ .•' ■ [a li"ht sword used fur tlu'ustin<r only.
Piapier. j ° n j

Silade. ] A steel head ])iece tittiny close to the bkull, the characteristic

Salot. mark of which was a j)rojection bchinel. It iniderwent many

Salett. modifications ; hence the name is indetinite.

Scottish splents, See Splints.

Scull. An iron or steel head piece shaped like a bowl, without brim,

used by the rank and iile.

Shelle. Slicaf for iiolding 24 arrows.

Shirt of male. A tunic of mail worn beneath a Jack.

Shurde. A shirt.

Skull. See scull.

A coat of armour composed of a series of overlapi>ing steel

Splents. plates, or hoops, sewn on to leatlier, linen, or other

Splints. ' material, reaching to the middle of the thigh. Introduced

about tem[). Henry VIII.

Stitched coat. Same as Jack.

Stool of arrows.

Touche Box. A receptacle for powder.

E 11 U A T A

Page 223, Part II., Vol. II., N.S., last line but one from bottom,
after "Bacon C.S." read in brackets (i.e., nistos sirjUli).

Page 291, second line from bottom, for "pa])cr' read papers.

SEAL OF ST. CPIAD'S

Al'l'KNDKli lu Tin; liKKl) nl- 1330.

SigiKuin fct(fsi;i saiuticctif be ^alopc.'ibcriii.

I i,i.\ r \.\ ii'ii N w \ I I UN, 1,-1,' I

J 47

ANCIENT DEEDS OF ST. CHAD'S CHUKCH,
SIJUEWSBUIIY.

The following list of old deeds in the possession of the
Churchwardens of St. Chad's Churcli, Shrewsbury, is
taken from a lieport of the affairs of the parish for the
year 18G9-70, compiled hy IMr. John Watton, who was
then senior Ciiurcli warden. The deeds were collated
and scheduled by the well-known antiquary, the late
Mr. Thomas AVright, in JSG9.

1280. 1. Deed of transfer, by Richard le Corvisor, of Shrews-
bury, to William de liushtone and his heirs, of
a messuage, with its ajjpurtenanccs, adjoining the
grange of Roger dc Stauntono, in the street of
Meryvans,^ adjacent to the wahs- of Shrewsbury,
witli a gardi'u. 0th Edward I. (1280;. Seal gone.
2. Grant by Wihiain de Rusehtone to Robert de
Buldewas, cha))Hn, for a certain sum of money,
of a place in Shrewsbury, of a [ilacc in the street
of Murivans, })aying for it a rose at the Feast of
the Nativity of" St. John the Raptist. Witliout
date, but in writing of the time of Edward II.
Seal preserved, but indistinct.

1307. 3. Grant by Richard le Corviser, of Shrewsbury, to
Richard de Wrocceter, deacon, and Cecilia de

^ Miu'ivance or Miu-iv;iuiicc, tlic name of an 0[jcn space, not well
definoil, lying immediately within the- walls, near the present Swan-
liill. rhillips {lll^turi/ a/' S/tn irsLur//, p. G2) ssays that "probably
wlien the town was lirst FDrtilied it was the parade for the .soldiers to
be drawn n[) npon, for the dcfenee of the town, so tliat from thence
the soldiers mii;ht be readily desp;itchotl to any part of the walls.
Tn process of time it was built upon, and the streets retain the
ancient name of ^[nrivance. Tiiesc streets are — that leadint,' from
the west end of St. Chad's, now eonnaonly called St. Ciiad's Hill
[now (Jollege Hill]; and th:it crossing; tlie end of it towards the walls,
now called the Swan Hill, fioin a puhHe. house called tin; Swan, some
timi! since situated a( t lie Imt loiii u{ it." TIk^ name ()i;cuis in the
liisi. si\ (if these deeils.

- 'l"he 'I'owii ^Vall ran fiom the still exist inn' tower, in a westerly
direction, on a line in front of Mbene/er t'hapcl and the Kye and Kar
Hospital, passing with a gentle curve about the centre uf St. Chad's
Clitu'ch to the bottom of Claiemont Hank,

148' ANCIENT DEEDS OF

Rustone, of a messuage joined to the grange of
Roger de Stanton, in tlie street of Murivans,
adjoining to the walls of .Shrewsbury. Date
1st Edward II, (1307). Seal lost.

1307. 4. Urant by Iiichard de Wroccestre, deacon, and
Cecilia de Huston, to William de Ruston, their
kinsman, of a messuage adjoining the grange of
Roger de Stantone, in the street of Murivans,
adjoining the walls ot Shrewsbury. JJate 1st
Ed ward 1 1. (1307). Seal lost.

1314. 5. Grant of William Aleyn, of Shrewsbury, chapiin, to
Robert de Ruldewas, cha[;lin, of a tenement in
Shrewsbury, in the street of Murivans. Date
7th Edward II. (1314). Seal lost.

1323. G. Grant by William de Rustone, brother of the hospital
of St. Ciiles,' of Shrewsbury, to Roger, son of
Robert do Wcmme, of Shrewsbury, and Sebilla,
his (William's) daughter, in free maritage, of a
place of land, with a garden adjoining-, in the
street called Murivans, on condition of their
paying certain sums for the anniversaries ot
Peter de Jjodelawe and ^hibille, his wife. Date
l(j Kdward II. (132:3). Seal lost.

1327. 7. (Jrant by Riehard Derres ami Juliana, his wife, to
.Ji)hn de Aula of Ondesbnve, and Silnlla, his wife,
of a mus-.uage in Shre\^\sbury, in the street of
Mardefole,- in Shrewsbury. Date 1st Edward 111.
(1327). Two .seals lost "

1330. 8. Grant by the dean antl eha[)ter of St. Chad's for
the repairs of the hibric of the church, of all
oblations to the altar of St. Martin's in that
church, for the term of 200 years. Date 1330.
Seal lost.

1338. {). Lea.se by the dean and chapter of St. Chad to Peter
de la Wen;, of Shrewsbury, of a messuage in
Erankevile,^ on condition of rep.ars, |)ate 12
lOdward III. (133.S). J'aidorsed " 'IV'iienuntimi
(pu)d I'etrus Crowe; tenet in l''raidvvyle" Seal
pi'eserveil.

I33'J. 10. (uant by .bihn I'res, of Shri:wsbiiry, to ihe keejiers
dl' iIm; i';dil'ie of tin; cliiii-ch ol' St. ( 'liad, lor IJie
support ol a chapiin, annually to iieiloini service,
of a ri'Ht. for the; term ol |()() years, from a

1 Adjoining St. (Jil','s ("liurchyartl.
- Manlol. ^ Frank well.

ST. chad's church, SHREWSBURY. 149

messuage in the street Iloinaldesham/ in Shrews-
bury. Date 13th Edward III (1339). Seal lost.

1379. 11. Will of Richard Uussel, "harbour," of Shrewsbury,
dated 1379, leaving his dwelling house, and his
goods and cliattels to his wife Cecilia. With
probate on the back. Seal preserve<l, but broken.

1382. 12. Indenture of gift by Thomas de llaltone and
Amicia, his wife, of lands and tenements in
Shrewsbury, formerly belonging to Henry de
W^estone, late husband of Amicia. Date 5th
llichard II. (1382). Two seals lost.

1386. 13. The deans and canons and chajiter of the collegiate
church of St. Chad, ai)pointing Richard de
Estone cbaplin to a chantry in the church.
Date 138G. Seal lost.

1406. 14. Will of John Chester, of St. Chad's parish. Date
1406. Seals preserved.

1415. 16. Grant by Owain a^j Davyd ap Gwillim to John, son
of Mag, son of Gynfred, and Thangwystyl,
daughter of Gwillim, his wife, of lands in Gwyl-
yntone and Alychton. Date 3rd Henry V.
(1415). Seal lost.

1422. 16. Grant from William (^uonyam, of Shrewsbury,
chaplin to John Conva, chaplin, and Richard
Attyncham, of Shrewsbury, of goods and chattels.
Date 10th Henry V. (1422). Seal lost.

1426. 17. Letter of Administration of Thomas Chesterfelde,
sequestrator and commissary general of the
Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, to administer
the goods of Sir William Quonyam, priest, who
died intestate. Date 1426. Seals lost,

1448. 18. Grant of brotherhood from the chamberlains,
keeper, and proctor of the Hospital of the Holy
Trinity at Rome to Thomas Peynton. Date 1448.
One seal preserved, one broken.

1452. 19. Quit claim of the dean tuid chapter and vicars of
the collegiate church of St. Chad to John Gamel-
of Shrewsbury, on a tenement in Shrewsbury,
lying in the street of Stalles.^ Date 30th
Henry VI. (1452). Seal lost.

1459. 20. Grant from the guardians and surveyors of the

1 Barker Street.

2 John Game! was elected Alderman in 1433, and served tlie office
of lUilillin 1138, 1412, 1447, and 1451.

'' The present Mardol I [cad.

150 ANCIENT DEEDS OF HT. CPIAD's, SHKEWSBUKY.

fabric of the cluirch of St. Chad to John Beget,^
burgess of Shrewsbury, of hinds and tuncniunts
in the Heystrcte.- Date ;j7th Henry VI. (1459).
Seals preserved.

1459. 21, Grant to John IJeget by the surveyors of the
service of the Holy Trinity, and the guardians
and surveyors of the service of St, John the
Baptist, in the same church of a tenement in
the street called Le Cornemarket. Date 37th
Henry VI. (1459). Seal preserved.

1459. 22. Grant of Jolni Beget, of Shrewsbury, to the
guardians and surveyors of the fabric of St.
Chad's, of hands and tenements in Shrewsbury,
in the street called Le Heystrete. Date *)7th
Henry YI (1459). Seal preserved, but broken.

1461. 23, Release of actions from Thomas Connyng to Thomas
Beynton, chaplin. Date 1st Edward IV. (14G1),
Seal lost.

1461. 24. Grant from John Beget to Thomas Walleforde,
chaplin, and Kichard Marchalle, of lands in
Romoldesham, rraunkevyle,and Castle Foregate,
Date 1st Edward IV, (1401). Seal preserved.

1465. 25. Indenture of agreement relaling to arrears of rent

due from Thomas Bottefelde to the wardens of
church of St. Chad. Date 5th Edward IV.
(14G5). Seals preserved.

1466. 26. Will of Thomas Beynton, of Shrewsbury, chaplin.

Date 1466.

1469. 27. Grants of lands and tenement in Frankevile and
Castle Forgate, from the guardians and surveyors
of the fabric of the church of St. Chad, to the
guardians of the art of weaving in the said town
of Shrewsbury. Date 9th Edward IV. (1469).
Seals lost.

1498. 28. Indenture between John Stury, of Roshall, on one
part, and Robert Bleylys, of Shrewsbury, on the
otlier, by which the fornier grants to the latter
atonement of Frankevyle. Date 18tli Henry VII.
(1498). Seals broken. \V. p.

^ John Beget is described hi Uweu and Blake way's History o/
Shrewsburt/, vol. i., page 212, a.s "One of tlic twelve wortlii burgeys,
recciintz houbholders (a.d. 143G), nio.^t siitlicieut ;uul discrete within
the so^'d town, i r I'raunclii.so of the s;nue, who shall be Aldrrnien
(a.u. Ill I) and eonlinuel assistiMils lo the baiiill'sand tliersiicce.'ssours,
in goile eounseUyevyng by their wisdom and discretion, to the wele
prosperito, worship, and welfare of the town.

- High Street.

151

SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF

FORESTER, OF WATLING STREET, AND NOW

OF WILLEY, IN THE COUNTY OF SALOP.

By the Hon. and Kev. CANON G. T. 0. BRIDGEMA.N, M.A.,

UDfrroH OK WlGAX.

The early descent of this ancient family, whose estate
at Wellington has jjrol)al)ly been held in the male line
from tlie time of Wilham the Con(jueror, does not
appear to have ever been investigated by the light of
public records or other authentic documents, and their
pedigree as given in the Heralds' Visitations is more
than usually inaccurate. The tirst direct ancestor of
this family whom we can find on record was Hugh
Forester, who lived in the time of Henry II. and
Richard I.

The office of a Forester or keeper of a Royal Forest
(Forcsfarius), in the days of the Norman kings was one
of high trust and considerable emolument. They had
under them a great retinue of inferior officers to assist
them in their duties. They also enjoyed the jn'ivilego
of being exempt from serving on juries. The foresters
were ajjpointed by the King's lotlcrs j)atents to " walk'
tlio forest early and lati". " with the duty of watching
IjoUi the V(!rt and venison, and ol" atlaching and pre-
sentina' all trespassinir ao-ainst them within their own
bailiwick. These patents were usually granted but
qtiam diu bene (/csscrint, but some, like the family
before us, had this •'•rant in fee, to them and their
heirs, and such were called Foresters-in-fee.^

^ 'The Interpreter, by John Cowell, edition of 1G58.
Vol. in , 2ud S.

152 ACCOITNT OF THE FAMILY OF FOEESTER,

The original tenure of the Foresters of Watlino-
Street, or Wellington, consisted of half a virgate of
land in the Manor of Wellington, co. t::^alop, which was
held of the King in capite by serjeantry. The tenants'
duty was to take custody of Wellington Hay, or that
portion of the Wrekin Forest which is still marked by
the locality called the Haygate, and which was other-
wise called the Forest of Mount Gilbert.

The hrst Mr. Ey ton could identify as probable tenant
of this serjeantry was

Hugh Forester, who occurs as witness to a deed of
John de Cambrai of Lee Cumbray (Lee Goniery, in the
parish of Wellington) to Wombridge Priory, which
passed between 1187 and 1197.^ He will have been
dead in or about the year 1200, when the tenant of the
serjeantry was

IxOBERT DE Wellington.

Li the carnage assessed at that time Robert de
Wolint' [Wellington] is enrolled as " holding a seijean-
try of the kingj viz., half a virgate, by custody and
preserving of the King's Haye." Its value was 4s. pc^r
'annum ; and the tenant profiered to compound for the
current tax by payment of half a merk.-

At the Forest Assizes of 120'J, Robert the Forester
is one of those who was assessed for cultivation of land
within tlie Forest of Mount Gilbert. A fragment ot
an Assize Roll belonging to the year 1227 calls the
Wellington I hiy the Hay of Eytoii, and enters Robert
do VVclynton as ciislos thereof by seijeantry. The
learned author of the History of Shroj^shirc, from whom
I am quoting, supposes it to have been a second

RojiKUT FoRKsTKii of Wellington, ' who stands sixth
Recognizor in that great technical question which was
tried^ about the year 1242, by the Sheriif, Ghief
Forester, and Verderers of Shropshire, viz., the vxpcdi-
tidioH (or lawing) of thxjs on the estates of Lilleshall

' I'lyton'.'s A/il/'ijuUii's of Slirci>»hiri', vol. vii., p. 311, iui4 vol. ix.
J). IG.

- Testa dc Navill, ]). 57.

OF WATLING STREET. 153

Abbey. His seal is one of those which still remains
appended to the Jurors' return.^ It exhibits a rude
cruciform device and the legend, — S' lloberti de
Welinton."-

"In 1249, Robert Forester was a Juror on the Inquest
which followed the death of his chief, Hugh fitz llobert
of Bolas.*^

In Geoffrey de Langley's Arrcntation of Assarts
(about January, 1250) it appears that 4^ acres of the
Kino-'s demesne at Wellino'ton had been assif^ned to
llobert ' de Welinton, for which he was to pay an
annual crown-rent of Gs. 9d. Three years' aiTears of
this rent are charged in the Pipe Roll of 1252.

The Hundred Roll of 1255 describes the above-
mentioned acquisition of Robert Forester as a pour-
'presture of 4 acres and 1 rood (read 2 roods), made
since the eyre of John Bulet, and for which 18d. per
acre, or a sum of Gs. 9d. was annually payable to the
Kin Of.

As to the serjeantry of Robert Forester of Welinton,
the same record describes it as ' half a virgate, held
freely of the King, towards the custody of Wellington
Hay.' The customs of the said Ilaye are fully, but not
very intelligibly, enumerated. The cattle [averia] of
the men of VVellino-ton were admitted throuoiiout the
year except in St. John Baptist's month (June) and
l)etween Michaelmas and Martinmas. 'I'be charijes for
pannage' were 2d. for yearly swine, id. for swine of six
months' old, but nothing for lesser swine {nicJiil pro
porcellis). These exceptions and charges seem to be
justified by the Record as arising I'rom the 'imparkment

^ The origiiiiil at Tieiitham.

- Antiijuilics of Shropshire, vol. i.\., pj). 40, 47.

3 Hugh iitz llobert of 15ol;is was the Cliicf Forester of Shrop.sliirc,
which CDutaincil the royal forests of the Wrekhi, Shirlot, the Clce,
the Stijierstoncs, aiul the Long Forest, and as we sliall subso(iuentiy
Koo, ho claimed certain seigiieural rights over the other Forosters-
in-fee.

* I'aniiaf'C was the ri-'ht of feeding swliic.

!^

154 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORKSTEll,

of the said Haye both in grass-time and pesson-time.'^
The following perquisites were llobert Forester's, viz.,
the retro pannage (by which is meant that which was
left after pesson sea.son), the dead wood, and all wind-
falls (boughs or whole oak trees, unless more than five
oaks had been blown down at a time. In that case the
surplus vv'ent to the King)."-

" At the Forest Assizes of February, 12G2, Robert
de Welinton, Forester, answered for the airistment''^ of
the IJaycs oi' Welinton and I\Iorf for eight preceding
years.. In 1255, 125G, 1258, 1259, 1260, and 1262 the
pesson of the preceding autumn had failed. The two
remaining years (1257 and 1261) only yielded 19s. 3d.

llobert de Welinton, one of the five Foresters-of-the
fee for Shropshire, is so entitled when attending an
inquest at Bridgnorth in 1262."^

" It is very remarkable that a writ issued on June
28, 1278, announcing the death of Roger le Forester of
Welly ngton, and that a jury sat in consequence and
took no notice of the error of the wi'it as regarded the
Christian name of the deceased. The Jurors found the
said Roger [Robert] to have held a messuage, a nocate,
and an assart, in capite, by service of keeping the Haye
of Wellington, which was within the Forest of the
Wrekene. Roger, his son and heir, was 25 years of
age on July 25, 1278."'''

It was probably " in conseciuence of more than one
error in this Inquest'' that "another wiit of diem
clausit cxtrernum issued on August 2 1, 1279. Here
the deceased is called Robert le Forester. An inquest
t;iken at Wellington on September 29, 1279, found him
to have held halfavirgate in Wellington worth 8s. per
anmun ' by service of assisting to keep the Bailiwick of

^ Pcsson-tiiuo, tlie tiiiio for accjras, nuts, &r..

2 Antt'juitu's of Sliro}>shiir, vol. ix., pp. '17, '18.

3 Aj^'istincnt, Llio collection of tlie rents for p:uui:i;:;o.
■• Anli'/iiilirs <>/ S/ii-oj.K'i/iin', vol. ix., p. -18.

<■' hui. G Kdw. [., No. 108. An(i'/ui(i<s of Slirui>g]iire,\o\. ix,p. 18.

OF WATLING STREET. 155

the Forest of Mount Gilbert/ also to have held one
assart, for which he paid a rent of 8s. 4d. to the Sheriff.
Roger, his son and heii", was found to be of full age."^

lloGEii FiTZ Robert, of Wellino-ton, le Forester, was
deceased on December 12, 1283, and John Fitzhugh of
Bolas, was claiming custody of his heirs, as also of the
heirs of any other Bailiff of a Shropshire Forest. Ro^er
le Strange, then Justice of the Forest, was desired by
royal writ to inquire into this claim. He assembled a
jury on April 3, 1284, which found that the " Wardship
of the Bailiwick late Roger fitz Robert's, in la Wre-
kene, did not pertain to the King, but to John fitz
Hugh, till the heir should be of age; that John fitz
Hugh's ancestors had always had such wardship, and
that it wf.'.s worth 10s. per annum. This implies an
earlier descent for the Foresters of Wellington Hay
than that already given, viz., temp. Henry K., for
there had been no minority of an heir since that date.
We may therefore assume that their first ancestor had
been appointed by William the Conqueror or his sons,
or by lloger de Montgomery, the first Norman Eail of
Shrewsbury.

Roger fitz Roger (or Roger le Forester II.),
had attained his majority on May 3, 1285, as was
found by a jury which sat on July 4, 1285. It will be
observed tliat this Inquest, when collated with a former
one held in 1278 on the death of his grandfather, would
show this last Roger Forester to have been born when
his father was not yet eleven years old. The error is,
doubtless, in the former Inquest, which must have
considerably \uiderstatod the age of the hcii', as was
i"re([ucntly the case at such Jncpiests.

Of six Iloyal Foresters-of-tlie-Fee who met in June,
1 300, to assist at the great Reianibulation of Shropshire
Forests, Roger de Welinton appears as one. This Roger
Forester socmus to have been admitted a Bui'gess of
Shrewsbury in 1311). lie died while his son was in his

* Inq. 7. Edw. I., No. 78. Antiquities of Shi-02>shire, vol. ix. p. 48.

l56 ACCOUNT OF TEIE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

minority; for an Inquest was held at Wellington on
October 17, 1335, to prove the age of John, son and
heir of Roger le Forester of Welynton.

John fitz Roger le Forester was found by the
jurors at the Inquest to have been born and baptized
at Wellington on the Feast of St. Margaret the Virgin,
8 Edward II. (July 20, 13I4\ consequently he had
reached his full age on Tliursday, July 20, 1335. One
of the witnesses who j)roved the date of his biith was
Roger de Wei}- nton, probably a relative, aged 46 years,
who remembered it because he started on a journey to
St. James's on the Feast of the Purification next before
the day of his birth. Another witness, John de
Cloteley, aged 58 years, remembered it because he was
pi-esent in the churcli at his ba])tism as sponsor, and
carried him to tlie sacred font. Another witness, John
de Ardlcston [Aileston], lemembered the date of his
birth because on that day his house was burned down,
which makes him recollect it well.^

Most of what has been above written is gathered
from Ey ton's Antiquities of Shropshire, but his account
of the family ends here, so that we must look elsewhere
for the further history of the Foresters.

John le Forester died on September 10, 23 Edw. III.
(1340). His brother William was his heir, and was
returned as being 24 years of age at the date of the
Inquest taken on his brother's death, which was held
in the following year."-^

William le Forester (or Forster), of Wellington,
died on Michaelmas Day 18 Richard II. (September 20,
1394), seised of certain lands in Wellington, a messuage
then called AVhites-place, and six assarts called le
Stoking, within the bounds of Wellington Hay, held
))y the service of keeping the said hay in the Forest of
Wrekin. His son and heir, Roger, was 15 years of age
at tlio date of the Inquest taken in the following year.^

1 Iiui. K.lwiml IH. (1st N'rs), No. Gl.
- IiKi. 1>1 K(lw;iiil 111., No. 40.
•' In.i. 19 lliu. 11., Nu. 27.

or WATLING STllEET. 157

Supposing tills to be the same William Forester who
succeeded his brother John in 1349, as a younger son,
lie will probably have married after succeeding to the
family inheritance, and his son and heir Iloger will have
been born after he was 50 years of age.

Roger fitz Willia:m Forester seems to have died
before attaining his majority, and to have been succeeded
in the representation of the family by another Roger
Foiester, or Forster, his uncle or cousin.

Roger Forester, of Wellington, entered upon his
bailiwick of Wellington May on November 3, 1397, as
we learn from an Inquest taken at Wellington before
Hugh Burnell, William lluggeford, and Thomas
Newport, guardians of the King's peace and Justices
assigned to try certain felonies, transgressions, and
malefactions in the County of Salop, on Thursday in
the Whitsun week, 21 Richard II.'(April 30, 1398).
The Jurors found that Roger Forster. of Welynton, had
entered, on the morrow of All Souls, 21 Jiic. 11. (Nov. 3,
1397, upon the bailiwick of Welynton Haye by the
livery of Thomas Stone, sub-escheator to the King in
the County of Salop. Afterwards, on March 21 next
following (1398), the King by his letters patent
granted the aforesaid llaye by tlie name of the chace
called Welynton llaye to William Lescrop, Earl of
Wilts, to hold for the term of 20 years next following,
by virtue of which letters the said Earl occupied the
aforesaid chace by his servants William ]\larchall and
John Olfeley, until the said Roger Forster, Roger son
of the same Roger Forster, John Forster, Hamo de
Eyton, Thomas de Pendale, William Baker, of Welyn-
ton, and William Harper beat the said servants with a
strong hand and drove them away from the custody of
the chace on the Thursday next before the Feast of
Easter lust past (April 4, 1398), so that the said
William and John (JlTcley d:uvA not come near the
said chace for I'ear ol' their lives. And so the
same Roger Forster, iloger his son, John Forster,
Hamo de Eyton, Thomas de Pendale, William Baker,

158 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

and William Harper have occupied and held the said
bailiwick and custody of the said chace from the said
Thursday before Easter till the Feast of Pentecost
next ensuing-, in contempt of the King and to the
grave loss of the said Earl.^

I'he intrude!', under the King's grant, upon Welling-
ton IIa3'e, who thus held it for a bi'ief space to the
exclusion of the rightful heir, was William le Scrope,
younger son of Henry Baron Scrope of Masham, which
Wilham had lately been made Earl of Wiltes, and had
ninnerous grants of lands and honours heaped upon him
by the King. The grant of Wellington Haye was
made under the impression that it was parcel of the
possessions of Thomas, Eail of Arundel, who had suc-
ceeded by inheritance to the Chief Foresterslii]) of the
^Shropshire Forests, and who had lately been attainted
and beheaded. Whether the immediate result of this
Inquest was to reinstate the Earl of Wiltes in the occu-
pation of the chace or not, 1 am unable to say ; but if
so, his tenure will have been a very short one, for on
the arrival of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, in the folio w-
ing year, tlie Earl of Wiltes was taken and beheaded,
and .as soon as Henry ascended the throne as Henry lY.,
the Earl of Wiltes was attainted and his estates for-
feited in the first Parliament held in October, loOO.

It is probable that Pioger Forester never gave up
possession of the chace, and he certainly died seised of this
and the other Forester estates on July 21, -1 Henry IV.
(1-103), leaving Roger, his son and heir, 2G years of age
and more. The lands of which he was seised at the
time of his death are described at the Incpiest post
mortem as one nokate of land in ^Velyngton, containing
a fourth part of a carucate held of the King in capitz
as keeper of the ha}' in the I'^orest of the Wrekin, one
messuage;, two burgages; and one cottage with appur-
tenances in Welyngton, held of the King in free
burgage, paying to the said King per aiinion, by the

i lu.l. lil liic. II., Nu. 8G.

OF WATLING STREET. 159

Earl of Shrewsbury, 2s., and a messuage with appur-
tenances in Welyngton.^

IkOGi:u FoiisTicK or Forester, the fourtli of that
name, probahly j)ui(l his rehef to Elizabeth, Duchess of"
Norfoh^, and the other co-lieirs of Thomas Fitzalan,
Earl of Arundel, who died seised of the Seigneury of
AVelhngton. This lloger Forster died on tlie vigil of
the Holy Trinity, 21 Ilenry YL (June 15, 1443), seised
of one piece of land in Welynton, held of the King as
keeper of the hay in the Forest of Wrekin, worth 4s.
pi'v annum, and of one messuage, two burgages, and
one cottage with appurtenances in Welynton, worth Os.
per annum, also of three crofts in Welynton, held of
Sir Thomas Erdyngton, worth 13s. j^er annum, also of
one burgage and nine acres of land in Welynton, held
of Sir Thomas Erdyngton. John Forster was his son
and heir, being of the age of 21 years and more.^

John Fokstkr died on Monday next after the Puri-
fication of the Virgin Mary, 5 Edward IV. (14GG),
seised of a piece of land in \V(^lynton, held of the King
in capitc, as kee[)er of the hay in the Forest of the
^Vrekin, also of one messuage, two burgages, and one
cottau'e, held of the Kintj: in free buro-ao-e. Edward
Foi'ster, his son and heir, was of the age of 3G years
and more.''

After this date the Inquests fail us, and I meet
with no more taken upon the death of a Forester
of Wellington Hay, till the 33rd year of Elizabeth. In
the meantime

Edward Forster, of VVatling Street, or Wellington,
ap])ears to have l)een succeeded by a son or brother,

Joii.v FoRSTioi!, of Wathiig Street, who was lather,
I suppose, or grandfather, of another

John Fojjstkr, who, as John Forster the younger,
witnesses a deed of Thomas Cresset, of Upton Cresset,

1 IiK|. 4 Henry IV., No. G.

- I114. 21 Henry VI., Nu. 15, Chancery Inciui-iitious.

'•'■ Inq. D lulwanl IV., No. 3. Thia inquest is almost illegible.

Vul. II., 2na S. U

IGO ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY UF FORESTER,

in 1506.^ According to Mr. llardvvick^ and the Visita-
tion Pedigrees,"^ this John Forster had two wives, viz.,
1. AHce, daii^liter of Thonuis Charlton, Esq., of A]jley
Castle, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter ot Sir Adam
Franceys, Knight, by whom he hail an only daughter,
Alice, wife of Jolm Iken ; and '1, Isabel, daughter of
Richard Lyster, Es(i., of liowton, by Agnes his wife,
daughter and heir of Jolui Fitzherbert, of Shrewsbury,
by whom lie had two suiis, John and liicljard. liichard
Foi-stcr, the younger son, accpiired the manor of Sutton
]\hulilock, hi the County of Salop, and li\etl at Sutton
iMaddock Hall, where he died, and was buried on
JMarcli 9, 1587. lie lived a })ublic life as secietaiy to
Edmund Bonnor, Bishop of London, fiom 15-10 to 1550,
and again from 1553 to 1559, when the bishop was again
dt-prived on the accession of (^ueen Elizabeth. 'J'his
Ilichard Forester was twice married, hrst to Elizabeth,
natural daughter of lloberL jMoreton, by whom he had
no issue ; and secondly, to Mai'gery, daughter of ... .
Wildgote, of Wolverhampton, who was buried at
Sutton Maddock, December 1, 1599, by whom he
had a daughter, Elizabeth, bom after marriage, who
became the wife of llobert Bowyer, but Sutton
IMaddock was left to his illegitimate son John Forestei',
^vdlO was born before the marriage.

John Foj^stioFv, of Wathng Street, elder son of John,
son of John Forster, came U]j to London as a young man,
and was made a freeman of thecompany of patten makers.
He became attached to the Court of King Henry VIIL,
who st}lod him "our trusty and well-bcloveil John
Kor.stor, i)f Wellington, gcntihuan," in a giant dated
in lli5(), whereby reciting that whoreas lor certain
bodily inlirmities ailecting his head "he cannot con-
veniently without his greate daiuigier and jeobardy be
discovered of the same," his Uiajesty licenses him " to
use. and wero his lionet on his litMh; at all lymes and in

' r.|;ikc\\;iy's A//rv///:s <,/',S7/;-«^.>7///(, |i. rj(>,

- llaiiluick MSS. (aiticlc >Vclliiigloii), ^^( /(c.s lue.

^ lluilfian .SucicLy'.s imhlicatiuiis, vol. .wviii, p. 187.

OF WATLIXd STREET. IGl

all places as well in our presence as elsewhere."^ The
like privilege luid l)een gi-anted to llichard Verney, Esq.,
ill the County of Warwick iu 151(>, and it is rernai'k-
able that in the curious representation ol" the cavalcade
of Henry VIII. to meet Fi'ai^.cis I. at Guisnes, two of
the six atteiulants immediately attached to the pei'son
of thi English king are covered, while the others are
bare-headed. If one of these was intended lor John
Eorster, he had probably then received a verbal per-
mis8it)n to remain coveretl, which was afterwards
confirmed by a grant, for the meeting of the Kings at
the " Field of Gold," was live months earlier than the
grant. In the catalogue of those wdio were appointed
to attend the king u[)on this celebrated occasion, as it
is printed from a Lambeth Manuscript l)y Dr. Ducarel,
occurs the name of ... . Foster, one of the yeomen of
the fjuanl,- which miu'ht have been our Shroi)shire
gallant. On his retirement fi'om court he resided ut
Easthope, in the County of Salop, though his ancestors
and descendants for several generations were seated at
Watlinii' Street in the lar^'e timber house on the soutli
side of that ancient road, a situation well suited to
their otllce of forestership. He increased his estate by
marriao-o with Joice, dauL>"hter and heiress of Philip
U[)ton, of Upton and Oteley, son of Richard Upton, of
Upton Magna, by his witb b^leanoi-, sistf^r and heire.ss
o[' Willium Oteley, of Oteley, l*]s([., by whom he had a
numerous issue, of whom John and Kichard, the two
eldest sons, [)re-deceased him without issue.'' The line
was c irried on by William, the third son. John Forster
was probably (piite a young man when he received the
King's permission to wear his hat in tlie royal ])resence,
but he nuist have lived to a great age if, as I believe,
he was the same with John Forster (of Watling Street),

' 'riii.s i^r.uit, is .still iiiescrvcd in Jiord Forester's Miinimeut Koorn
uL WilK'v.

•' r.lakcwjij'.s .S7/(/7;//;s |». \-ii.

* llcriililH' Visitation oi' Sliroiisliiro, u" lGll3.

\G'2 ACCOUNT Oi" THE FAMILY OF FORESTEl^

who died 13th March, 33 EHzabeth, 1591, seised of
'2 messuages, 14 cottages, 140 acres of land in Welling-
ton and Watling Street, and of 5 acres of land called
Peake Pytts, otlierwise Allen's Poole, in Wellington,
of 3 messujiixes and 30 acres of land, 3 acres of meadow,
and 10 acres of pasture in x\rleston,^ next Wellington,
of 5 messuages, 1 cottage, 140 acres of land, 20 acres
of meadow, and M) acres of pasture in 1 luntingdene,
Little Wenlock, Farneley and Ardeston, as also of the
Manor of Wellington have with appuitenances, of 2
cottages with appurtenances in Shjfnall, of 1 messuage,
1 cottage, 12 acres of land, 8 acres of meadow, and 4
acres of pasture in Hodnett, and GO acres of meadow in
Netley. His next heir was Francis Forster, gent., his
grandson, son and heir of William Forstei', deceased,
son and heir apparent of the said John Forster, which
Francis was then 10 years of age and more.-

WiLLiAM, son ot John Forster, who pre-deceased his
father, is said to have resided at U])ton.'^ He married
Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Weaver, of
Strangford, in the County of Hereford, by whom he
had two sons, John, ba[)tized at Upton ]\Iagna, 2() Ma}^,
1570, who died without issue ; Francis, heir to his
^grandfather ; and three dauohtei'S, ]\Iar(>aret, wife of
liowland Hill, of Blechley and Soulton, in the County
of Salop, Joice, wife of William Iremonger [of Chatkull,
ii) the (Jounty of Stafford], and Jane, who died young.
William Forster died 4th May, 32 Klizabeth, 1500,^i
few months before his father, leaving his son and heir
Francis, aged 18 and moie. His widow was afterwards
re-married to ... . Kettleby-and .... Scudamore.

^ Arlestou, which was a luember of the great maiiur of Wellington,
was in King .John's time a mure iiopuloua township than ^\'ellington.
Arleslon formed one bomnlary of that well-jireserved jiart of the
WreKin iMiri'st wliirli was known as WelUni^ton Ihiye. it is saiil
that Kiiii; Henry II. made tliis place liis ahudc wiiilst on liis iiunting
expeditions. (My ton's Anti'/uitit's of ^/trojj.^hirc, vol. ix., p. bl).

- hup 33 Klizabeth, Tart 1., No. 85.

^ IIarleiai\ Society, vol. xxviii, j». 188.

U\^ WATLING 8TilEi:T. 163

The said William Forster was seised, at the time of his
death, as of fee, of 2 messuages, 10 acres of land, and 4
acres of meadow and 4 acres of pasture in Great Bole-
was, in the separate tenures of John Buclier, John
Wylde, and Thomas Flechei-, of one mill with appur-
tenances, late in the tenure of John Peake, of 2
messuao'es in Wellint^ton, late in the tenure of Thomas
Hunt and Richard Stoke, of the reversion of 1 messuage,
2 cottages, 60 acres of land, 12 acres of meadow, 20
acres of meadow and common of pasture for all cattle
in Great U[)ton, of the reversion of 1 messuage and 20
acres of land in tlunckinton and Upton, and of the
reversion of 2 messuages, 18 acres of land, and 2 acres
of pasture in Wythington, after the death of his father
Jolm Forster, gent., then surviving, but since deceased.^

Francis Forester, Esq., who succeeded to the
estates of his father and grandfather, was baptized
aL Upton Magna, on 9th June, 1571 ; he resided at
Watlino- Street, in the laro-e timber house on the south
side of that ancient Roman road, a situation well suited
to the office of forestership. The manor of Little
Wenlock was purchased hy hmi in 1623 from Sir John
Hayward. By his wife Cicely, daughter of Andrew
Charlton, Es(j., of Apley Castle (by Margaret his wife,
daughter ol' James H;ukei', of JIaughmond), he had
three sous and two daughters, viz , Francis, who was
baptized at Wellington, 18 January, 1595-6, and died
in his infancy ; -, Francis, who succeeded his father ;
3, Andrew^ who died without issue ; and 4, William,
biu'ied at Wellington, 7th April, 1675. The daughters
were Mary, wife of Thomas Chetham, of Nutlmrst, in
the County of Lancaster, and Sarah. '^

Fi-ancis Forester dieih' 6th May, 13 Charles I., 1637,
seised of the manor of Wellington haye with its rights,

1 Inq. 33 Elizabeth, Part I., No. 96.
'^ Hardwick MSS. and lloiaUrs Visitation.

^ Jlo was buried at Wcllingtun, l)Lli, May, 1G37. (WL-lliugtou
llcgistor).

164 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

members, and appurtenances, and of several parcels of
land with their appurtenances adjacent in a certain
})lace called the Shortwood, in WelHiigton haye afore-
said, late in the tenure of lloger Ashewood, of 2 closes
or pastures, with the appurtenances called Marigold's
lease we and Smithes Leasowe in ^Vellington haye
aforesaid, late in the tenure of John Forster, which said
manor of Wellington linye and the other premises
aforesaid were valued at 20s., but of wdiom they were
held the jurors were ignorant ; also of 1 capital messu-
age with a[)purtenances, situated in Upton l\lagna,
otherwise called Upton under Ilaughmond, in the
County of Salop, with orchard, garden, croft, and curtil-
age, of 3 pastures or closes in Upton aforesaid, called
Crosse leasowe, the Lye-adhrytch leasowe, and the
Marlpit leasowe, 1 field in Upton aforesaid, with appur-
tenances, 2 cottages^ and divers other messuages, lands,
tenements, and hereditaments in Upton aforesaid, also
of 1 messuage with lands, meadows, leasows, pastures,
woods, hereditaments, and aj)piu"tenances belonging
thereto, in HLUikington, in the said County of Salo]),late
in the teniu-e of Andrew Rodston (or Weston), which
premises in Upton and 1 1 unkington aforesaid are held of
Walter llarker, Kscp, as oi' his manor of Ilaughmond
in iVee socage, that is to say, by fealty and an annual
rent of Gs. for all services, which are valued at 18s. 4d. ;
also of 1 messuage and tenement with appurtenances,
and divers lands, meadows, [)astures, &c., called the
farm of Huntindon, late in tlie tenure of John Forster,
gent., and of 1 messuage with appurtenances and divers
lands in Huntindon, alias Huntington, late in the
tcniu'c of William Carter, which piemises in Huntindon
are held of the King in capitc by knights' service,
namely, by a hundredth part of a knight's fee, being of
the value of 5s. per annum; also of 1 messuage and
tenement, with lands, &c., in IFodnett, late in the
tenure of Williani Ncivett, which piemises in llodnctt
are held oi Sir Uoburt Vi-rnon, Knight, as oi' bis manor
of Hodnett, in free and common socage, that is to say,

OK NVATMNU .STIiKF.T. 165

by fealty and suit of court, and a rent of 4s, for all
services, beino- of the value of 2s. Gd. per annum ; also
of 1 messuage or capital mansion, and 1 cottage and
other hereditaments to the same messuage belonging,
in Shetfnal, alias Idsall, late in the tenure of John
Hichards, held of Thomas, Earl of Arundel and Surrey,
Lord Marshal of England, as of his manor of Shelfnal,
in free socage, namely, by fealty and an annual rent of
Is. lOd., being of tlie value of 2s.; also of 1 capital
messuage in which the afuresaid Francis Forester dwelt,
with divers lands, meadows, pastures, and woods in
Watling Streete : of 1 messuaije in Watlino- Streete
aforesaid, late in the tenure of John Chilton, of 2
messuages in Wellington, late in the separate tenure
of Thomas Hunt and Tillizaheth Lanam, widow, of 2
messuages in Arston, alias Arlston, late in the tenure
of Fiancls Jones and Wilham Ferrington, which said
premises in Watling Streete, Wellington, and Arlston
are held of William Steventon, Esq., as of his manor of
Wellington in free socage, namely, by fealty an.d suit
of coui't, and an annual rent of I'.'J 12s. 2(1., b(M'ng of the
annual value of Jlj, all which said manors, lands, ike,
were included in an entail of 20th May, 20 James 1.
(1(')22), on the occasion of a mari'iage then to be had
between Francis Forester,Jnni(jr,son and heir aj)j)arentoi'
the said l^'rancis Forester named in the brief, and Dorothy
Skrimslior, daughtc^r of James Skrimsher, Esq., deceased^
which marriage was aClerwards duly solemnized. The
said Fiancis Forester iiamed in the brief also dicid seised
of the manor of liittle WenhK'k. with all its rights and
a|»purtenan(;es, including mills, lislieries, and IVee warren
lately purchased by him of Sir John J lay ward, Knight,
since deceased, which said manor or lordship, itc. , are
^^■hich he hrld of the King in aiintc by knight's service,
namely, lor tlu^20th pail of a. knight's li-e, being of (Ik;
ainiual value ol' i! 1. 'i'lu; I n(piisilioii was taken on 1 1th
Septeml)i!r, 1(>:)7.^ The aforesaid Francis i^'oresler his

1 Inq. 13 Car. I., Part 3, No, 46,

]()G AC(;uuNT OF THE family of forestfj?,

son and heir, was tlien of full age, namely, of the age
of 24 years and more. The age of the heir is here
much understated, for he was entered in the pedicrree
at the Visitation, made in 1G23 and attested by his
father, as bein^;' then 21 years of aoe.

FiiANCis FoRE.sTKR, Esq., the second of that name,
was born about the year 1599, and succeeded to his
estates, as we have seen, in 1(587. By his wife Dorothy,
daugliter of James Skrinislier, Esq., of Norbury, in the
County of Stafford, to wliom he was married in or about
the year J 022, lie had one son, Francis, who was born in
1623. Mr. Forester was buried at Wellington, 13
January, 1064-5, and his widow, described as "Dorothy
relict of the llight Hon. Francis Forester, Esq.," was
buried at Wellington, 7th April, 1060. He M'as
j)robably the last of his family who resided at Watling
Street.

Francis Forester, Esq., the younger, and third of
that n.ime, resided at Dothill Park, in the parish of
Wellington, lie married Mary, daughter of Sir liichard
Newpoit, Knight, created Ixiron Newport in 1042, and
widow of John Steventon. Slie was baptized at lJi<'h
Ercall,on Sth March, 1017. ^ (')n ISth May, 1035, she
was married at Ercall to j\lr John Steventon, son and
heir api)arent of William Steventon, of Dothill, I^sq.,
being then described as second daughter of Sir liichard
Newport, of Ercall, Knight.- Their son Kichard
Steventon was baptized at ]^]rcall, on lltli April, 1037.^
John Steventon died in August, 1037, having survived
his marriage but two years and three months, leaving
his infant son, then about live months old, William
Steventon. of Dothill, Fsq , his fither, died about ten
years afterwards, and was Ijuried at Wellington, 23rd
Novcmb(M', 1017,"' when his estates devolved uj)on his

^ I'jcall I'aiish llcgister.

^ /A/,/.

■< ^\'l•llill-t(;n I'aiisli JloLrister.

OP WATLING 8T11EET. 167

grandson Richard, then under age. It is probable that
Mary Steventon the widow was married about this time
to her second luisband, Francis Forester, Esq., and came
to reside at Dothill Pariv, the seat of* her son, for their
daughter Dorothy was baptized at WelUngton on 25th
January, 1019-50.1

Francis Forester, Esq., and Mary his wife had further
issue, Mary, baptized on 23rd May, 1651;^ another
daughter [Cicely ?], baptized on 13th April, 1652;^
Francis, honi on 22nd August, 1053;^ William, born on
10th December, 1055 ;'' Dorothy, born on 27th October,
IG57;" and Uachol, born on 17th March, 1059-00.7
Of these children, Dorothy, the eldest, died within
a few days of her birth, and was buried at Wel-
lington, on 31st January, 1049-50 -J Mary died in
yugust, 1080, aged 35 ;^ Francis Forester, the
eldest son, was buried at Wellington, on 0th
August, 1650 ; Cicely became the wife of Gerard
Shelley, of Weni; and died there on 5th December,
1705; and Rachel was married at Wrockwardine on 21st
December, 1083, to Sir Thomas Delves, Baronet, of
Doddiiigton, in the County of Chester.^ Mr. Richard
Steventon died in 1659, and was buried at Wrockwar-
dine on 4tli A[)ril of that year. Having attained his
majority a few days before^, he made a will, bearing date
13;5rd March, 1058-9, l)y which he becjueathed his
Mansion House at Dothill, together with all demesnes,
lands, el'c. , thereto belonging, to his mother, Mrs. Mary
Forester, with remainder to his half brother, William
Forester and the heirs male of his body, to whom ho

1 Wellington Parish Register.

2 IbuL

^ Ibiil , wliero the nuine is illciiil^lc ; and Mr. .los. Morris'.s MS.

■' Ilii i. From tlic years 1GJ3 t(j IGG'J, during the period of the
Common wlmUIi, the dates of tiie birth instead of the baptisni of the
children are entered in the register.

^ Ibi<(. « Ibid. 7 7/;/,/_ b //,/,/.

*■* AVrockwardino I'arish Register (lfalst<;u MS. ji/'>u's mo.1

Vol. III., "in.l S. V

IG3 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

also left the reversion of the manor of Wellington after
the expiration of a term of sixteen years. ^

Francis Forester, Esq., was Sheriff of Shropshire in
1652.- His wife, Mrs. Mary Forester, was buried at
Wellington, on I7th May, IGGI, but he was still hving
on 1 7th May, 1G84, when he occurs in a deed with
his son William, who carried on the line.

Sir William Forester, K.B., so created by King
William III. in or about the year 1G89, was the younger
and only surviving son of Francis Forester, Esq. He
succeeded his motlier at Dothill. As William Forester,
Esq., of Watling Street, he was returned member
for the borough of Wenlock, together with Sir John
Weld, Knight, of Willey, co. Salop, in the Parliament
summoned to meet at Westminster on Gth March, 1G78-9.
As William Forester, Esq., of Dothill, he was again
returned in August of the same year, with John
Wolryche, Esq., of Dudmaston, as his colleague. He
was similarly elected for the Parliament of 1680, which
was dissolved on 28th March, 1G81. He did not serve
in Parliament during the reign of James H., but was
returned a^ain for Wenlock in the first Parliament of

o

1 Original at Willey. The- estate at Dothill, in default of heirs
male of the body of \Villiaiu Forester, was left by Mr. Sleveutoii to
his luiclc Andrew Newport and the heirs male of his body, with re-
mainder to his (testator's) cousin Thomas Nc\v{)ort, third son (then
living) of his unele Francis, Lord Newport, and his heirs and assigns fur
ever, and the manor of Wellington was left in the same way, except
that Richard Newport, son and heir apparent of Francis, Lord New-
port, was made heir in tail instead of his brother Thomas Newport.
Tliere were also devises made to his sisters Mary, Cicely, and Dorothy
{''orester, as also to his aunts (liie daughters of ^Vm. Stevcnton, of
Dothill), Eleanor, wife of Jolm ('hetwodc, of Oakley, co. Stallord,
Elizabeth, wife of John Mitton, of Aston, in the parish of Wellington,
gent., Mary ILiughton, relict of Francis Ilaughton, of Deckbury, co.
Salop, Jane, wife of llobeit liippesley, of Staunton, co. Wilts, to
Cresswell Tayleur, of Uodington, co. Salop, Esq. (whose wife was
Anna, daughter of ^Villiam Steventou), and to the heir of Abigail
Sweteuham, late wife of Tliomas Swetenhani, late of Birtles, co.
(^'licstrr, Es([.

- This may possibly refer to his father, Francis Forester the elder,
thouj^h !ihd<cway ussiimc-J it to apply to the son.

OF WATLIXG STREET. lG9

William and Mary, which was siimmonetl to meet on
22nd January, 1688-9, being then retnined as AYilliam
Forester, Plsq., of Apley ( 'astle, co. Salop ; as also in
the following year, 13th March, 1089-90, when he first
appears as Sir William Forester. He retained his seat
dnrino" the whole of the reio-ns of William III. and
Queen Anne, and held it till the time of his death in
1717-8, during the first Parliament of George I.

lie married about the year 1(580 Lady Mary Cecil,
third daughter of James, third Farl of SaHslnny, by his
wife Lady Margaret Manners, daughter of John, eiglith
Earl of Rutland, who died on 27tli j\Larch, 1740.

It is probable that this connection was the principal
cause of his being impannelled on the grand jury of
Middlesex, who found their presentment against James,
Duke of York, as a Papist ; for the Earl of Salisbury
was a vehement promoter of the Bill of Exclusion,
This public step led Mr. Forester into greater lengths.
The Lord Keeper North, in his Memoii", published by
his brother lloger North in his Examcn, pp. 378 to 391,
containins: the indications of a desifjn to subvert the
government of Charles IL in 1G83 observes that: " In
Shropshire a gentleman of i'2,000 to .€3,000 per annum
was discovered to have hfty musquets, which he con-
cealed and would not own but by parcels, when he saw
they were resolved to search and nuist find them. And
tiiey likewise found 700 weight of powder hid under
groiuid. And when they were upon search one of the
com[)any jnit his stick into an oven, and felt something,
which upon stirring jingled, which occasioned the
emptying the oven of ashes, among which they found
50 pike heads. It seems Mr. Forster, to conceal them,
had sawed the pikes into small pieces and privately
burnt them in the oven, and forgot to take away the
iron heads of them. This provision of arms and powder
in Shropshire made it very probable, as Col. Ilomsey
diseov(M'(;d, that Shrciwsbury was to be seised, which is
a walled town ill all'ected, and in the castle were 38
barrels of powder (112 pounds to the barrel), and arms

• t J

170 ACCOUNT OF TliE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

for oOO iJien and great guns." And thus the Lord
Keeper concludes \\lt"h a description of the ])lace : —
*' Tlie Castle," he says, " is strong by situation, and lies
so conveniently that either from the north or west, or
Midland or Wales the party might easily resort thither,
and if they could baflle the militia and draw the King's
forces out of town they gained their end." Tradition
says that Sir William Forester was under the necessity
of cuttino- down his hue woods contiouous to the Wrekin
in order to raise a sum ui' money hy which he might
appease the resentment of the court on this occasion.^

Sir William died in February, 1717[8], and was
interred at Wellington on the 22nd of that month, ^
having had, by his wife Lady Mary, two sons and three
daughters, viz., William, who succeeded to his estates;
Francis, \vho was baptized at Wellington, on 12th Sept.,
1G94, and died unmarried ; Mary ; llachel, who became
the wife of Sir Edward Leighton, the second baronet, of
Loton, at Norton, on 11th May, 1709, by whom she had
issue ;^ and Diana, who died unmarried. Of Mary, the
eldest daughter, Mr. Blakeway gives the following
account :' — She "was betrothed in or about Fcbi-uary,
1700-1, to George Downing, Esquire, afterwards Sir
Georoe Downing, Baronet, grandson, ;is I supj^ose, to Sir
George Downing, embassador to Holland from Charles
II., and before that in the service o('(yromwell and the
Parliament aij^ainst that kin<'\ Mr. Downin^jf was but
fifteen years of age ; the young lady thirteen; but such
early marriages were at that time not unusual among
persons of condition. lie was inmiediately sent on his
travels; and before his d'jj)arture he strictly enjoined
his young bride not to ;icc-cj)t the post of a maid of
honour, an olfer which he thought it probable would be
made to her, on account of her unconunon beauty ; for
(^uecn ]\lary and Queen Anno both allected to fill their

' lUi.l.L'way'a S/u-rif-; of .S/ir<>/>s/iirr, p. 127.

* lianlwic'k MSS. "
3 I/nd.

* Sheriffs, p. 127.

OF WATLING STREET 171

courts, in imitation of that of their uncle, with the
most beautiful youn^r ladies of good family they could
select. 'J'he temptation, however, was too strong fur
her to resist ; and in November, 1704, we read in a
iettar from Lady Tem])le to Mrs. (i.e., ]\Iiss) Martha
Blount (Pope's Flama), 'I suppose you hear that pretty
Mrs. Foresthur is the new maid of honour.' Sir George
returned in the following year extremely indignant at
this violation of his conunand ; and after ten years
[)atient endurance, in hoj^es of concpieriiig his resolve,
his unhappy bride was compelled to petition the House
of Lords for a dissolution of the contract. Her ' case '
bears date 2Gth April, 1715. It states her marriage
at those tender years * by the authority of her parents,'
that her husband afterwards went abroad for three
years, and on his return declared his fixed resolution
never to perfect the marriage, and from that time has
never been near the petitioner, nor has she taken the
name of Downing ; and that such disgusts and aversions
have arisen between them, that there is no possibility
of any mutual agreement between them to perfect the
marriage contract. Sir George puts in his answer on
the old of May, in which he acknowledges the truth of
the allegaticuis, and joins with her in the pi'ayer of the
petition, which was, however, rejected by the House of
fiords May 3rd [by a small majority, viz.], 50 against
48. All the bisho}is voted with the majority. It was
iti conHO([Ucnce of this transaction that Sir George, in
the year 17 17, devised his estates, in the event of the
decease without issue of his cousin-german, to the
foundation of a college, now called after his name, in
the Univ(usity of Cambridge." Sir George died in
1749.

Wif.LiAM b\)KKSTKi{, l''sq , of Dotlull, A\ho succceded
his father. Sir William, in February, 1717-8, was born
in 1 ()'.)(). lie was returned as member for the borough
of Wenlock on 1st February, 1714-5, to the first
Parliament of Georirc 1., and auain in 1734 and 1754.
fie enjoyed Dothill and the other family estates till

l!r2 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

his death on 12th November, 1758, at the age of 68,
and was interred at Welling-ton on the I7tli of that
month. His wife Catherine, daughter and heiress of
Wilhani Brooke, Esq., of St. Joiui's Square, Clerken-
wellj in the parisli of St. James, London, pre-deceased
him on 27th August, 1755, and was buried at Welhng-
ton on 2nd Sej)temher, aged 59. By this hidy he had
two or more sons^ and three daughters, viz., Brooke,
who succeeded his father; and C'ecil, of wiiom hereafter;
Mary, born on 20th Decemljer, 1717, and baptized at
Welhnoton on Otli of the followinsf January : she was
twice married, first, on 27th May, 1738, to Sir Bryan
Broughton Delves, baronet; and secondly, in January,
174G, to Humphrey Mackworth j^aed, Esq. ; lllliza,
baptized at Wellington, on Gth March, 1721-2, and
buried there on lOth Maich, 1728-9 ; and iMartha, bap-
tized at Wellington, on 18th May, 1723, and married at
St. Alkmond's, Shrewsbury, on 19th March, 1 759, to
Francis Turner l^lythe, Esc^ , of Whitley, in the parish
of" St. Chad, Shrewsbury, but died without issue.

Brooke Forester, Esq., the eldest son of William
Forester, of Dothill, and ( latherine his wife, was born on
7th February, 171G-7, and baj)tized at Wellington on
the 28th of the same month, lie was returned member
of Parliament for the borough of W'enlock on 14th
February, 1738-9, at a, bye-election vice Samuel
l^^dwards, Esq., deceased, his father, William Forester,
Esq., being then the other member. He was returned
again for the next Parliament on 5th May, 1741,
together with his brother-indaw, Sir Bryan Brouo-hton,
baronet, and continutsd to represent that borouo-h till
the year 17G8. After his marriage with his first wife
l^^lizabeth, daughter and only surviving child of Georoe
Weld, of ^Yilley, Esq., by Margaret, daughter and

I Th^erc must liavc been aiu.tl.or son, for Willi;uu, son „f (he Hon.
Willuun Forester, Esq., was bmicd at AVellington, loth March

OF WATLTNtl STREET 173

heiress of Richard Lugg, Esq., of St. Andrew, Holborne,^
on 4th May, 1734,- he resided at Willey for several
years. By this lady he had four sons, viz., 1, Brooke
Forester, wlio died in his infancy ; 2, George Forester,
born 21st December, 1735, and baptized at Willey the
same night ; 3, William Forester, ba|)tized at Y/illoy, on
1st February, 173iJ-7, who died in his infancy ; and 4,
"William Forester, baptized at Willey, on 1 Ith February,
1741. This latter William became Major of the 27th
Ilegiment of Foot on 1 1th May, 17G3, and died abroad,
of a fever, unmarried. He devised his estate at Boss
Hall, near Shrewsbury, to his bi-other George. Mrs.
Forester was buried at Willey, on 20tli ]\Iarch, 1753 ;
and in 1759, Brooke Forester removed to Dothill,^ his
son George having then attained his majority, and his
father, William Forester, Esq., having died in the
previous year.

In 1700 he married to his second wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Bobert Barnstone, of Chester, gent., and
niece of Trafford Barnstone of that city.^ She died
there on 1st November, 1705,-'^' and lie at Dolhill on Htli
July, 177 I, aged 07." lie was buried at Wellington,
having had by his second wife an only daughter
Harriet, born 13tli August, 17(>G, who was married to
'I'homas Mason, ol'Slu-ewsbnry,^ but died without issue.

({I'louoi-; F()iii:.sTi>:i{, of Willey, Es(j., was i^ord of the
manors of Willey, liroscley. Little Wenlock, Wyke,
Wigwig, Dothill, WcUi'.igton, &c., and devisee in the
wills of his grandl'ather, George W\;ld, of Willey, and
his great-grandfathei', William Brooke, of St. John's
S<|ua.r(!, lie was ilist r(;lnrned nuunbor lor the borough
of Wenlock at a bye-election on 8th December, 1758,
in the place of his grandfather, William Forester, his

' II. ml wick MSS.

-' 'riic iu;uri:i^u .settleiiieiit was (hitod May liO, ITIM.

■' llai-.lwick MSS.

^ llanlwick MSS. ^ /(>i<l.

" 'I'diiihhlouo ill W^clliiif^tdU Chuicliyarcl,

■! lliu-awiclc MS:>.

174 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORESTER,

father, Brooke Forester, being the otlier member.
Ill the next Parhaineiit of 1701, his father and his
uncle Cecil Forester represented that borough ; but
the Squire of Willey was returned again on l8th March,
17(38, witli Sir Henry Bridgeman, Bart., for his colleague;
as also in the next Parliament in 1774. In the followino'

o

Parliament summoned to meet on 31st October, 1780,
he was turned out by Thomas Whitmore, Esq., of Apley,
but on the election of that o'entleman to sit for the

o

borouofh of Biidijnorth, for which he was also chosen,
I^Ir. Forester was returned for Wenlock in his place on
9th December of the same year, 1780. lie was not
returned at the next general election in April, 1784,
but came in again on 9th xVugust, 1785, in place of
Mr. John Simpson, who had accepted the Stewardship
of the Chiltern Hundreds. George Forester, Esq., died
at Willey, unmarried, on 13th July, 1811, aged 73^
and was interred there on the 19th, haviiK' devised all
his manors and estates to his cousin, Cecil Forester,
Esq., of Boss Hall, afterwards Lord Forester, who took
the additional name and arms of Weld.

We now return to

Cecil Forester, Esq., of Boss Hall, near Shrews-
bury, the younger son of William Forester, Esq., of
Dothill, by his wife Catheiine Brooke. He was
appointed Major in Colonel Tliomas Murray's Jicgiment
of Foot on 24th I^ebruary, 1747,^ aiul I presume it was
he who was returned as M. P. for Wenlock at the
general election on 28th March, 1701, as Cecil Forester,
Esq. He died at Boss Hall on 22nd August, 1774,
a'>ed 53, havinnr married Anne, dau«dder and codieiress
of liobert Tuwnshond, l^]s(|. , of (Jhester, who died in
(Quarry Place, Shrewsbury, on 24th May, 1825, aged
84, and was buried at Bicton. By her he had five sons
and two (hiughters, viz., ( 'ecil, created Lord Forester ;
2, William, a fiieutenant of the 3 1th ILiginient of Foot,
who (bed in the West Indies, on 8Lh September, 1794,

' llanlwick MSS.

OF WATLING STKELIT. 175

unmarried ;^ 3, George Townshend Forester, baptized
at St. Cliad's, feln*e\v.sl)iny, on Otli April, 17G8,- matricu-
lated at Pendjroke (/oDeoe, Oxlbrd, on IGtli December,
IZSG ;^ barrister-atdaw anfl 1 Recorder of Weiilock ;
assumed the additional name of Townshend by royal
licence in 1791, and was of Ehnley Lodge, co. Worces-
ter, \vhich he inherited from the Townshends. He died
on 29th May, 1845. By his wife Anne, daughter of John
Jones, Esrp, of Ohirk, co. iJenljigh, and of Dywynegrin,
CO. Flint (from whom lie was divorced),^ he had issue,
George Forester born in 1797, who died at Shrews-
bury without issue on 13th Febi-nary, 1819;^ Brooke
Forester, born December, 1799, who died in 1842 ;
and the Rev. Bobert F()rester, born Dec, 1800, wdio
sold his landed estate, and died unmarried in 1867 ;^
4, the Rev. Townshend Forester, D. D., born on 5th
August, 1772 ; matriculated at Pembroke College,
Oxi'ord, on lOth July, 1792; B.A. 179(; ; M.A. 1807;
B. and D.I). 1812. lie was made rector of Broseley
with Linley, co. Salop, in 1799, ]u-ebendary of Wor-
cester in 18C5, vicar of St. John in P)edwardine, co.

1 llardwick MSS.

- Foster's Peerage.

•' Aluuiiii O.KOuicnscs.

^ Foster's l'e(M-;iL;c'. •' Aluinni ().\uiiien.se.s.

'"' Cru/.ebrook's Heraldry of Woroe.storsliirc. The estate of Kliuley
Lovett, wliieh eauic to Mr. liobert Foiester luul long been in posses-
sion of the Townshend family, which derived its descent from Sir
liobert Townshend, of Ludlow, Knt., Chief Justice of the Marches of
Wales and Chester temp. Henry \^III., third son of Sir liogcr Towns-
hend of llaynham, co. Norfolk, and younger brother of John Towns-
hend, ancestor of the Marquis Townshend. He died in 1581, and
was buric'd in the chancel of Ludlow Cluu'ch. His grandson, liobert
Townshend. living at the visitation of 1634, married Elizabeth,
daughter and co-heiress of Sir John Actou, of Ehnley Lovett, Knt.,
and thus became possessed of Elndey, wheie his son Henry 'i\)wushend
was living at the visitation of i()82 .'5. The arms of the 'l\iwnsliends
Were: .i.Uir, <( r/irr/yjii criiiiiti' lifltr.un l/irrf < sfi/lnji.^ iiiyi/it. ( '|•(•^(. :
ii st'i'i I I'i/'ihiiLt iirnjHr (( ;i:i/.rbrook'^ Heraldry of \\'(;rL'c.^ler,sliire).
There ari' suveral Townslieiid portiails now at W'lllty Hall, which
l)cloiig til Col. the Hon. Ilrin\- Tow i;.sliciid fort'^trr. to wlioni ihey
wcic Icl'i by his cou.^in, the liev. lIoliciM l''orester.

Vol. 111., 'iud S. W

17G ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FOUtSTER,

Worcester, and rector of Little Wenlock, co. Salop,
ill 1818, and perpetual curate of Bentliall, co. Salop,
in 1822, all which preferments he held till his death
on 30th September, 1841. He married on 5th
January, 170(3, Anna Maria, daughter of Major Charles
Byne, of Shrewshury, who died on 21st February,
1842, by whom he had issue, Geoi't>e Townshend
Forestei-, born in 180(1, lat<' of llioh Ercall, and
now of Admaston, matriculated at Ihasi^rioso Colle*j,'e,
Oxford, on 20th I\l:iy, 1824, aoed IS. Cecil William
Forester, Lieut. -Colonel 52nd Ixegiment L. L, assis-
tant Serjeant in the House of (Jonnnons ; born on
30th December, 1808 ; married on 7tli December,
1852, Henrietta Maria, daughter of Admiral the
Honourable Sir Hubert Sto[)ford, G.C. B., and widow
of Lord Henry llussell ; died s.p. Gth December, 1881.
Ann Matilda, born 12th July, 1797; died 10th
October, 1887. Lsabella, born 2nd A}nil, 1808; died
27th January, 1877. 5, Francis Forester, Major Koyal
Horse Guards anil 15th Hussars, M.i\ for Wenlock
1820 to 182G; born on 19th August, 1774, and
died on 21st October, 18G1, having married on 22nd
July, 1813, Lady Louisa, ('atherine Barbara Vane,
eldest daughter of William Henry, first Duke of
Cleveland, K.G., who died at Southam[)ton, on 8th
January, 1821, by whom he had an only son and two
daughters, viz., Henry William Forester, of Somerby
House, CO. Leicester, born on IGth February, 1819,
married on 1st February, 1 858, the Ilonoin'able Eleanor
Alexandriua, sister of Alexander, 17th Baron Saltoun,
by whom he has one son, Francis W^illiam Forester, a
captaiu in the army, born on 7th Se])tember, 18G0, and
three daughtefs, Louisa Barbara, born in 1859, and died
in 1891; Eleanor Julia, born 18GG ; and Wilhelmine
Angusta, born 1878. Mr. Forester died on 7tli January,
1891. Julia married first on 1 Ith June, 1839, to
('aptain Fl<)wer, 25th iicgimeiit, and secondly, on
2i)th Augusl, 1847, to J^'dwaid 1 1 iuu|»hi(>) s Grc\Mie de
Freville, T^-ii., uf lliiiekluv, near Leicester. llonoiia

OF WATi-iNc si'i:i:f.t. 177

nitarried first to Tliomas Tlioriiliiil, Esq., of Kixby
Hall, CO. York, and secondly, on 4th August, 1846,
to ll(Uiry I liui^(;rford iloldicli llunLi,erford, lilsq., ot
Dingloy Park, co. Noi-tlianij)ton, and died on "ind
December, 1872, leavinii; issue.

The daughters of Cecil Forester, Esq., of Ross Hall,
were Catherine, who was married at 8t. Chad's, Shrews-
bury., on 28th March, 17i)3, to Gilbert Shuckburgh
Stewart, Captain 58tli Ilegiment of Foot, who died of
fever in the West Indies in August, 17i'5 ; she died on
2i)th February (or ist jMarch) 1828, in (Quarry 'J'errace,
Shrewsbury; and Arabella jjellnda married at St. Chad's,
Shrewsbiuy, on 1 J th June, 179;), to Major- General
George Kinnaird Dana, 34th Kegiment of Foot, of
\Yinterbourne House, near Bath, who died on 2Sth
June, J 837 ; she died on loth August, 1836, leaving a
daua-hter Helen, married to Kev. Geori^e Oatley.

Cecil Forksteii, Esq., of Boss Hall, assumed the
additional name and arms of Weld on succeeding to
Willey and the other estates which were left to him ))y
his cousin George Forester, Esq., in 1811. He repre-
sented the borough of Weulock in Parliament from
171)0 to 1820, and was created Baron Forester, of
Willey Park, Shropshire, on 17th July, 1821. He was
bajjtized at St. Chad's, Shiewslniry, on 7th April, 1767,
and died on 23rd May, L 828, having married on 16th
June, 1800, Lady Katherine Mary Maimers, second
daugliter of Charles, fourth Duke of Jiutland, who died
on 1st May, 1829, by whom he had issue six sons and
six daughters, viz. : —

1. John George Weld, second Paron Forester.

2. George Cecil Weld, third 13aron Forester.

3. lion. (Jharles Bobert Weld Forester, ]\l;ijor in the
army and assistant IMilitary Secretary in Ireland ; born
on 28tli l)et;ember, 1811 ; died s.p. on I 6th September,
1852, having married on 1 1th June, 1848, Lady Maria
Jocolyn. youngest daughter of Robert, 3r(l Earl ofBoden.

4. Oiiando Watkin Weld, iburth and i)iesent Baron
Forest(U'.

178 ACCOUNT OF THIC FAJIILY OF FORKSTKK,

5. lion. Kuiiiius Joliu Weld Forester, lioiioraiy
Colonel in the army 1881, Captain late 13tli Foot;
born on I'itli February, 1815.

G. lion. Henry Townshentl Forester, Lieut. -Colonel
in the Army, Ca})tain late Grenadier Guards ; born on
4th January, 1821.

The dauo'hters were —

o

1. Hon. Anne Elizabeth, born on 7th September, 1 802;
married on 30th November, 1830, to Georo-e Augustus
Frederick, sixth Earl of Ciiesterlield, who died on 1st
June, 1866, by whom she had issue ; she died on 27th
July, 1885.

2. Hon. Elizabeth Catherine, born on 12th November.
1803; died on 22nd Jnly, 1832, having been married on
17th June, 1822, to John, second iniron Carington, by
whom she left issue.

3. Hon. Isabella Ehzabeth Annabella, born on 3rd
April, 1805 ; died on 29th December, 1858, having been
married on 30th November, 1830, to General the Hon.
George Anson, by whoni she had issue.

i. Hon. Henrietta IMari i, born on 10th December,
1809; died on 22nd Apiil, 1841, having been married
on 6tii July, 183."), to Lord Albeit Conyngham, altcr-
wards created Baron Londesborough, by whom she had
issue.

5. Hon. Selina Louisa, bjrn on 17th February, 1819 ;
married on 20th April, 1811, to Oilando George Cljarles,
third Earl of* Bradford, by whom she has issue.

John Gkoiige Weld Fojie.stei{, 2nd Baron Forester,
born on 9th August, ISOl, was M.P. for Wenlock from
1820 to 1828, and a Brivy Councillor. He married
on 10th June, 1850, the Countess Alexandrina Julia
Theresa Wilhelmina Sophia, daughter of Joachim Charles
Louis Mortimer Count Von Maltzan, of Prussia, and
widow of Frederick James, thiid and last Viscount
jMelljourne. Lord Forester died without surviving
issue on lOth October, 1874, and was succeeded by his
brother George Cecil Weld.

OF WATLIXG STREET. 179

Geohgio Cix'iL \Veld FuiiE.sTEii, old ijuroii Forester,
borii on lOtli May, 1807 ; General in the army (retired),
and a Privy Councillor; was M.P. for Werdock fVoni
1828 to 1874 ; Conii)troller of the Household 1852,
1808. He married on 8th Novenihei', 18G2, the Hon.
j\Iary Ann dervis, third daughter of Edward, second
Viscount St. Vi'icent, and widow of Col. i)avid
Ochterlouy Dyce Sombre. Lord Forester died s.p. on
1-lth Feljruaiy, 1880, and was succeeded l)y his next
surviving brother, Orhuidu Watkin Weld.

'i'lie liev. Oklando WativIN Weed Fokestek. fourth
and present l);iron Fcjroster. of Willey Park and Dot-
hill, lUnon and Chancellor of York ; born on I8th April,
1813; was rector of Broseley, co. Salop from 1841 to
1859, vicar of Doveridgc, co. Staiford, from i850 to
ISG7, Prebv?ndary of liuUinglioj^e in Hereford Cathedral
from 1847 to 1874, rector of Gedling-, co. Notts, from
18G7 to 1887, and Uural Dean of Nottingham (second
division) from 1874 to 1887. He married first on 14th
July, 1840, Sophia Elizabeth, daughter of Richard
Norman, E.sq., and l)y her (who died on 2nd April, 1872),
lie has a son, Hon. Cecil Theodore Weld Forester, late
M.P. for Wenlock^born on liid August, 1842; he married
on 18th December, 18GG, Emma Georgina, daughtei' of
Sir Willoughby Wolstan Dixie, i^aionet, by whom he
has had sc;v(!n sons and two daughters, viz. :- —

1. George (.*ecil l>eaumont Weld Forester, born on 9th
Septend^er, I8G7 ; Tjieutenant Royal Horse Guards.

2. Charles Cecil Oilando Weld Forester, born on
27th October, 18G9.

3. 1^'rancis Ileiu'y Cyecil Weld Forester, born on 2nd
February, 1871.

4. Edgar Cecil Wolstan Weld Forester, twin with
Fi'ancis.

i). Arthur Orlando Wolstan W^cld Forester, born
on l.'ith July, 1877.

G. l^ldric Cecil Alfred Weld Forester, born on 2Gth
February, 1880.

180 ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FORFSTER.

7. Orlando (Jecil Robert Weld Forester, born on 2nd
JaniKiry, 1884.

1. Katlierlne Mary Alice, born in Jmuary, 1872, and
died on 22nd June, 1889.

2. Mary Isabella Sophia Louisa, born i)th May, 1873.
Lord Forester married secondly on 3rd October,

1875, Enn-na T^Iaria, eldest danghter of William Tolle-
inaclio, l']s(|., by whom he has a son, the lion. Orlando
St. Maur Weld Forester, born 13th October, 1877.

(TABLE I.)
FORESTER OF WATLINO STREET.

Hugh Forc.-tci', temp. Hen. II. ;iiul Ric. I. ob. c. ]"2()0^

Robert Forester, of Wellington, 1200-12-27=r

!

Robert Forester, of Wellington, 1242 (son or gnindson of Robert Fit/=
Hugh) ob. 1278.

Roger Forester, of Wellington, son and heir, 25 years of age 1278,=
defunctus Dec., 128.'i.

Roger Forester, of Wellington, .son and heir, ;ut. 21 in 1285.=

I ' "I

Jolin Forester, of William Forester, of \\ ellingtcii,=f= I'orrcr Forstcr,

of Wellington,
ob. 1103.

Wellington, son lieir to his brotlier Jolui, at. 21

and lieir; at. 21, and more in \',\7)() ; ob. 1,'594.
1. ■{.'{."), ; ob. Se|)t.

10, l.-Mi), s.p.

I ■
lloger Forester, son and heir ; lut. 1.) in 1.301,
[ob. inf. let. in or before R197]-

Roger Forstcr, of Wellington, at. 20 in 1 10.'), ob. June 1."), 1 14.S.

I
John Forstcr, of Wellington, .son and lieir, at. 21 and more in I \\'^,'
ub. Kob. I li'>(i.

Edward Forsler, of WelliiigU)n, son and lieir, :i t. .'((j and nioie in HCfi.

OF WATLING bTitEET.

181

(TABLE II.,
FORESTER OF WATLING STREET.

John Forster, probably succeedeil Eduaicl Foister in tlie representation ol=f-
the family. l

Alice, dau. of Thomas^.] oliii Forster, described ^Isabel, dau. of Richard

Charlton, of Apley,
E.sij., 1st wife.

as " the younger " in
13UG.

Lyster, Esc].,of Rowton,
L'lid wife.

Alice, wife John Forstcr or Foster, -pJoice, dau. and heir Richard Forster,

of Jolm of \VatlinijStreet,yeo
Ikeii man of the ^niard to

Kin- lien. \lli. in
l.jJO, ob. loin.

of I'liilip Upton, of of Sutton Mad
Upton Maj^na, co. dock, mar. and
Haloi). left issue.

I I

1 John Forster,

2 Riciiard For.>ter

both (jb. v.p

and s ]).

4 Thonia.s 5 Roger Forster, 7 Robert Forster 8 Riiilip

Foister, J^ent., mar. ^V of Net ley, in Forster,

mar. and left is.^uc. par. of Condo- 9 Anthony

left issue. 0 Eclimnid Fors- \cr, mai'. and Forslei',

tor, mar. and left issue. mar. iV

left issue. left issue.

3 William Forster, .'hd son and-p.Margaret, dau and heiress of John ^\'eaver,

eventually heir appt. , resided
at Upton, ob. v.p. l.j'JU.

of Stran<^ford, co. lleieford ; re- mar. to
. Kettleby and Scudamore.

John Forster, Francis Forster, Esq.— Cicely, dau. of Marj^aret, bapt. at

ba|i. at Upton of W'atling Street,

•JO May, l(i7(», bapt. at Uptuii !)

ob. s.f). .hine, l.")71, licir to

his j^rancUal licr,a^ed

I'J years and more

KVJl, ob. lG:i7.

Andrew
Charlton, K>
of Apky.

U|)ton Maf^aia, l?S
i"'ebruary, l.'i()7-S,
wife of Rowland
Hill, of lileehley
and Soulton.

Joice, bapt. at U[»ton Jane, bur.

Magna, ;{() April, 1,")G!), at U()ton

wife of William Ire- Magna, ]l2

monger, of ChatUuU. Deer, ir)73.

Francis Forster, I'raucis Fur.>tur, Andicu Forster, W illiani Forster,

bapt. at Wei- Es(i. (II.), who L'nd son, living :?rd son, livin"

lington, l.S succeeded lii.s in IG-J."), ob. s.i.. KVJ;!, bur. a't

Jan., l.V.).-)0, father. See Wellington, 1U7,>

ob. inf. Table HI. o . ' ■

Mar}, wife uf Tliomas Chetham, (jf Xiithurst, co. Lancaster,
bur. at tliel'ollcgiate Church, Manchester, '_'•) March, llJlTj.

Surah.

182

ACCOUNT OF TtlE FAMILY 01' FOllFRjTEilj

{TABLE III.)
FORESTER OF WATLING STREET.

Francis Foi'o^ter, Escj. (11-). of-pDorothy, dim. of James Skrimshire, of

Watling Street, son and lieir of
I'raiicis, a^'cd "Ji in Hjl'.'i, oIj
1GG4-5.

Norbiuy, co. Stallbrd, mar. settle
meiits tlated :.'() Jan., ob. 1G(J(J.

Francis Forester, Es(|. (III.), son and-
heir livin'' in IGS4.

Francis Fores-
ter, born '_'■_'
All-,'., 1G.')I,

buried at
Wellinf^ton,G
Auir. IG.jG.

Dorothy, bap.
at W'laiin;^-
ton, ■_'.■> Jan.
IGl'J .')(), bur.
tliere .'{l Jan.
same year.

Honble. Mary Newport, 2nJ dan. of
]\icliard Baron Newport, and widow
of -Mr. Jolni Steventon, ob. IGGl.

WrlliiiU'liin,
May, IG."")!,
died unmar-
ried, Aui^. ,
] GSG.

"ieely, bap.

Dorothy, born

al WlIIIm^'-

27 (Jet., IG.")7,

i:iAp.,l(M2,

bur. I'J Apl.,

wife of (Jen.

1GG7. 1

Slieliuy, of

^\'enl, ob.

i7o:).

Sir William Forester-
K.H., of Dothill
Park, born VI D,v.,

• IG.V), bur. at Wel-
lington, ■-'■_' Feb.,
1717-lS.

-Lady Mary (^ecil,
dau. of James,
.Srd Fail of Salis-
bury, died •_",)
March, 17;i9.

Rachael, born 17 March,
IG.VJ-GU, wife of Sir
Thomas Delves, Bait.,
of Doddington, co.
Chester.

William Forester, =f Catherine, dau.

of Dothill, Es(|.,
son and heir,
born IG'JO, ob. 11
November, 17CiS.

.and heir of W.
Brooke, Es(|.,
married about
1GJS4, ob. 170.").

Francis Mary, Raehael, Diana,
Forester, betiothed wife of died
born 1G'.)4, toSirCeo. Sir Kdw. un-
dicd un- Downing, Leighton, mar-
married, but living Bart. ried.

unuiarried

in IGSI.

Cecil Forester, Mary, born 1717,
•2nd son. See mar. 1st to Sir

Table I^^ Bryan Brough-

ton Delves,
Bart. 2nilly to in
I 11 uMiphrey

.MaeUuorlh i'raed, E

Eli/a,

born

1721,

ob.

inf.

Martha, born
172;f, mar to
Francis Tur-
ner lUythe,

Es<i., of
Slireusbury.

iCli/abelh, dau. and =
sole heir of (leoigc
Weld, E.-ii.. of Wil-
ley, IsL Nvife. ob 1 ,.")()

^Brooke Foieslcr, I'sij., born 7-i-l'^li/-abeth, dau. of

Feb.,171G-7, ob. 8 July, 1771.

i

Brooke

1
( leorge Forestei",

1
William

Foi-e>i< r,

of Willey, Em|.,

I'onster,

0 '. inf.

l.(Hn 17.'{.">. died

lorn Eeli.

at.

unn\arri<(l, IJ

I7:f(; 7.

.luiv. 1711.

O'l, Jul.

Robert Barnstone,
of Chester, 2nd
wife, oh. 17'J5.

William Forest I r,

l.t.rn Eel.. 17 1 1,

.Major 27tlil'\)i)l,

of 1;...--^ Hail,

diiil iiMUianird.

Harriet, horn
17ti(i. mar. to
Thos .Mason,
(if ; Slirew s-
bury. but

(li( (I w itiiuut
issue.

OF WATLING STREET.

183

(T A ISLE IV.)
FORESTER OF WATLIXG STREET.

Col. Cecil Forester, (2nd s>on^
of William Forester, Escj , of
Dothill.) ob. 1774.

Anne, dau. and co-heir of Roljcrt Townshend,
Esq , of Chester, ob. 1S2.").

I
I Cecil Forestcr-
(afterwards by
iioyal licence
Cecil Weld
Forester) Es<|.,
succeeded to
the Willey es-
tates, born Ap.
1767, created
Baron Forester
17 July, 1821,
ob. 23 May,
1S28, ascd 61.

I I

:Lady Kathorinc, 2 William 3 Ceorge Towns-^Anne,

Mary Manners, Forester, head Forester, dau. of

Lieut. 31 Lorn 17(iS. bar- .John

Keyt ,ol). rister-atlaw, of Jones,

s.j>., lSc[). Elmley Lod^'e, Es(i.,
.S, I7!U.

2nd dau. of
Chas.,4tli Duke
of Rutland,

mai'. 10 June,
l.SOO, ob. May
1829, a'^od :^().

born 17(iS. bar
rister-atlaw, of
Elmley Lod^e,
CO. Worcester,
ob. 2!) May,
1845.

of
Chirk,

CO.

_^ . Dcn-

j ~ i j ■ bigh.

(ieorge Forester, Brooke Forester, Rev. Robert Fores-
born 1797, ob. Ijorn 1799, o.b. ter, born I8(Jt), ob.
s.p 1819, s.p. 1842. s.p. 1807.

4 Rev. To\vn?hend^Anna Maria, Catherine, mar.

Forester. 1). 1). ,
born 1772, ob. 30
Sept., 1841.

lau. of .Major
Ciias. Bync,
ob. 21 Feb.,
1842.

to ('apt. Cil-
bert hihuok-
burgh Stewart,
ob. 1828.

Ceorge Townshend Lieut. -Col. Cecil William Ann Ma-
Forester, born in Forester, born 1808, tilda.ob.
ISOO, late of llii^di mar. Henrietta Maria, 1887.
Ercall, now of dau. of Admiral Hon. Isabella.
Admaston. Sir llobt. Sto[)ford, and ol). 1877.
widow of Lord Henry
Russell, ob. s-i). 1881.

Arabella Belinda,
mar. to Major-
(icneral (Jeorge
Kinnaird Dana,
ob. 18,30.

Henry William^

Forester, Es(].,
born 1819, uf
S.Pin.M-l.y lloii.-^e,
CO. Leii ester,

ob. 189L

.^> Fianeis For- =
estei', Major
in tiicArmy,
born 1774,
ob. 1801.

La<iy Louisii Catherine
iiarbara V.'ine, dau. of
William >Ienry, 1st
Duke of ('leveland,
K,(;., ob. 1821.

:Hon. Eleanor Julia, mar. 1st to Capt.

Alexandrina, Flower, and 2ndly to

(Ian of lion. Mdward Humplii-cys

W'ni- Kraser, (Jre.enn do I' 'r(;vill(!,

and HJHtur of l''/-;(|., of I lincldey, co.

.\le\ander Leieeslir.

I7(h Haron lionoria, mar. \>l \o

Saltoun. 'I'hos Thornliill, l'vS(| ,
h'ixby Hall, c(j ^'oik,

184

ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILY OF FOKESTKR.

Louic^a Francis Eleaoor \N'illiol
Barbara William Julia, mine
born Forester, born Augusta,

KSjU, ob. born 7th 18UG. born
Jan. 3, Sept., 1878.

ISUI. ISGO; a

captain

in the

army.

and 2ndly to Henry
lliiuj^erfonl Holdieh
IIun|ferfurd, E^cj., of

John George, 2nd Baron
Forester, born ISOl,
mar Coiintes.s ^^ie.xan-
drina J ulia Tliereta
Wilhelniina Sophia,
dau. of Joachim L. .\E
Count Von Malt/.an,
ob. a. p. 1874

Ceorge Cecil, 3rd Baron
Forester, born 1S(J7,
(leneral in the Army,
mar. Hon. Mary Anne
Jarvis. dau of Edward
2nd Vi.scount St. \'in-
cent, ob. s.p., 1880.

Dingley
Leicester.

I'ark, CO.
ob 1872.

Hon. Charles Robert
^\'cld Forester born
1811, ^Lijor in tiie
Army, mar. Lady
Maria Jocelyn, dau.
of i\obert 3rd Earl
of Uoden. ob. s p.
KS.Vi,

Hon. Anne
Elizabeth,
mar. to C.
Augu.'^tus
Frederick
Gt h Earl of
Chesteilicld,
ob. I8r).j.

Hon, Elizabeth
Catlii'rinc, mar.
to Joiin, 2nd
l>aron Caring-
ton, ob. 1832.

Hon LsabcHa Hon. Henrietta

Eli/.abctii Maria, mar. to

Arrabella, L.nl Albert

mar. to (Jeul. Couyngham.af-

Hon (Icorge terwaitls Baron

Anson, ob. Londesboigh,

18:>8. ob 1811.

Hon. Selina
Louisa, wife
of Orl.uido
Ceo. Chas ,
3ril Earl of
Bradford.

Elizabeth, =fUev Orlando Wat '^pEnima ALiria,

dau. of
llichard
Norman,
Esij. , 1st
wife, o'l.
1872.

Hon. Henry
Townshend
Forestci',
born ]8-_'l,
l..ieut.-Col.
in the Army
Hon. Orlando St. Maur Weld Forester, born 13 Oct., 1877.

kin, born 18 April,
1813 Itii & [)rescnt
liaron Forester of
Willey Bark.

dau. of Wil-
liam 'J'olie
mache, Es(|.
2nd wife

Hon. Emilius
John \\eld
I'orester lioin
I8ir>, Col. in
the Army.

Hon. Cecil Theodoie Weld Foiester-pEmma Ceorgina, (l,au of Sir Willoughby
born 3 August, 1842. I Wolston Dixie, Baronet.

George Cecil Beaumont
Weld Forester, born
9 Sept. 18G7, Lieut.
Royal Horse (iuards.

I
Charles Cecil
Orlando \Veld
Forester, born
27 Oct., 18G9

Francis Henry
t^ecil Weld
Forester, born
2 Feb., 1871

Edgar Cecil
Wolstan AVeld
Forester, twin
with Francis.

Arthur Oilando Edric Cecil Orlando Cecil K.itlierinc Mary Mary Isabel-

Wol>lan Weld Alfi(;(l Weld Hubert Wekl Alice, born Jan. la S(jpliia

Forester, born Forester, i''orester,liorn 1872, dud in 22 Louisa, horn

13 July, 1877. Lorn2GFeb., 2 Jan. ,188-1 June, 1889. 9 May, 1873,

1880.

185

GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMER TO
HAGHMOND ABBEY, A.I). llGG-77.

By the r.ATF, IIev. Canon L1<]E, Vicar ok IlANjrER.

Continued from lad Series, Vol. II., p. 214.

HAGHMOND CHARTULARY.

Fo], 95— ]02.

The immediate descendants of John de Upton were
perhaps as follows : —

John de Uptoii=f Hawys ub Cwerfyl, ab Owen.

I '

Andocnus, alivOT^ Tlobert (loa^U, — llavydd

in i:n:{ (Uplon
(Inml), calli'd
"Kfcll," (llail.
MW. I!)?-', |i

aid Lobe elilc^st
sou (llarl. MS.
I!)7I, I). I'-'G),
iiul iiiuiitioncd

l'J7) " Owen I ill old MSS.
docli" by Col- V Doad bi'l'oio
liii.-i. " l.il.i.

ili\(j ii
I3i:{.

riiil i|)'=pA penes, vprcli
divo l)a\id ap

Kirid.

i:ii;}.

Rhysab Owen Upton, (l)wnn) ? Obiit
Hiiio prob; or bou^dib out.

I»avydd(\'ui.l; "ol^iMyfan\yy, y

1390.

Dasydd | Jrvan , Myfanwy , (JiidV

I'owy.-^ I ab
Davy.

Fadok'II. I llvvfa
1

Fado-Il 11
14'J. Y

(!iono Vyclian.

(iriidydd.

• bwiiiin.

Maif^a.— Owen (llyndwr.

David ab Jcvar. Uannicr=p iMattliew naniioinero,

|)ardonL'd for riibollion,
11 Henry IV.

Hector of liannier
i:;i;7 S7, viear of
Nortbop.

Vol. Ill , iiud S.

Ifawys, (Wni. of Worees(fr=,-l']wemH Coiij^b.
Itiu : p. .'(57). I

.MattlicwlJouj^b, iiat. c. 1 100, ob. 1 ir-O,

18(5 GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMER

Davydd=pSionecl, v. Dafydd, Margt.=i=Davydd Agnes=^Yolyn ap

(Vychan)

ap Meredydd o Dymock Dd

Ualchtyn (Cae Ceiriog).

Jolyn, Jenkin,^ Edinund=pAgi.'harab,

O.S.I). I'i'ic vj/ Additional MSS.

Overton^ 15018, and 15022,

of Overton. pp. 113-17.

V. Dcio ap Madoc
Llwyd, (Cae Ceiriog).

Dafydd ap Edmund,

Tiio Bard ; who llouriyhd c. 1450,

liinc iJavics of Diingrey.

Upon the Gwern estate was the " Caput Manerii,"

where Robert de Crevecoeur had lived, and which was

perhaps bought from his heirs. Edmund ap Davydd

(Vychan) sold Hanmer mear for a noble to his cousins

the Judge's sons. His son Dafydd, the Bard, lived at

Plas lolyn, a site which can still be identified at the

north end of Hanmer ]\Iere, and was part of the Gwern.

His descendants settled at Dungrey on the Dee, below

Bangor, and sold all their estate except the farm of

Gwern, which passed from them, probably by the

marriage of Andrew Ellis of Clai, circa 1G48, to Anne,

the widow of Robert Davies. The Upton deed was (as

we have seen) in the possession of the fa,mily at

Dungrey in 1G40. In Gwilym's MSS. " ar. two lions,

])ass. gard. az."are assigned to Mons. Davydd, or Davy

(for he has both names in state dociuiients) Hannemere.

In discussing the question, in another and similar case,

whether the two lions had been assumed on the ground

of vassalage or kinship, Eyton says that one or both

reasons prevailed. An. Inq. p. m. of Iloger I'Estrange,

Chivaler, in 23 Edward TIL, finds that he was "seised

of a ])lace of herbage in wood and waste called ffenes-

wood ; also Stallage, &c., there." And in Compot.

Johannis Burgoynon 33 Edward III., " et de 1G*"8 de

Ilogero de Glaamon operante in bosco de flennes-liurst."

'J'hese extracts imply superior lords, and David Hanmer

may have taken the " lions " as an outward and visible

acknowledgment of his holding royalties in Maelor

Saesneg from L'Estrange. In 1G57, Sir Thomas

TO JJAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. 1166-77. 187

Hanmer (of that date) speaking of Charlotte, Countess
of Derby, says : " I stand an old and faithful iViend
and servant to the house above others." It may be
noted that the Overtons.Davieses, and tianniers of Maes
Gwaelod, all bore the lions, thoiigh uKUiy others of the
family bore different arms. \_ln lla.rl MSS., Casley s
Cat. King's Library, 1734, No. 5 2, a. t'ul. veUum, being
a o-enealoo-ical tree from Adam to l^Alward VI., the
" coat armor " given to Camber (f/(/. llanmer) is " aiy.
two lions pass, regard. <ju."] The '"' cap of maintenance"
he probably took as Governor of Montgomery Castle.

In Marl. MSS. 0,831 (Pedigrees collected by Hugh
Thomas of Oswestry) " Owen ap Grutlydd, commonly
called Owen Glyndwr, marries the daughter of David
Hanmere, Constable of Blount Gonuy." On 9th Feb.,
50 Edward III., a Ivoyal Commission was issued for
investigating the condition of the Hospital of St. John
Baptist at Salop, comprising besides the Abbot of Salop
six other persons, of whom David llarmemere was one.
(Owen and Blakeway's lliston/ of Shremhury, vol. ii.,
p. 540).

In " 9th Eichard II., William de Wyckham, Bishop
of Winchester, released to Sir Uavid Ilannemere,
Knight, and his heirs, all right, title, and interest in
the manor of Stockton, the service of the sergeantry
whereof was at Montgomery Castle. (Dtd^e's Antiqui-
ties of Salop, ]). 193).

In llarl. T^ISS. 6,831, " Ilex concessit Joh'ni Ilanne-
mere, &c., Constable ol' Montgomery Castle," iVc.

In 9th Ilichard II., Chamberlain's Accounts, Cestr.,
" Soluciones facte Dauid de Ilanenie. Justiciario de
Banco Domini Regis, GO' viii^." He had been made
Judge in 6 llic. II. There are many interesting refer-
ences to him in the Public Records and in Histories
of Salop. It was probably owmg to his genius and
perseverance, and successful suits at law, that his
cousins were bou<dit out, and his sons settled u|)on lands

Til

in Haniuer. In booster's /'ccruf/c, ho is regai'ded as the
founder of the family. He had three sons : Grillith,

188 GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF liANMER

Jenkin, and Philip, (who sign a deed in 1388 providing
alimony for their uiotlier), and several daughters, of
whom one, Margaret, married Owen Glyndwr. In the
Chamberlain's Accounts for North Wales, 10 Richard
II., there is an entry for money to Griffin lianmer
" retained for our Lord the King by advice of the
Council in the same state and manner as David de
Hanmer, father of the said Grillin." Grithn had one
daughter, Ankaret, who married John Puleston. In 2
Henry IV. we hnd " Ilex concess. Joli'ni llannemerc
in feoda o'ia terras et tenementa ([Ute fuerunt Gryflyth
Hanncmere infra comitatum de ilynte ad valorem tri-
ginta librarum per ann. per servic. debit." (Rolls in
Tower, No. 26).

It is important to remember that although the
County of Flint was formed, and Maeior Saesnetf
assigned as one oi its constituent parts m 1284, it was
not till the grant to Eiibule lo Strange in 1347 that
Hanmer was distinct from Ellesmere. Both places
were reckoned in the Welsh March in 1401, but parts
of Hanmer are desciibed to be in Salop till the time of
Elizabeth.

In Appendix II. to the 3Gth Report of the Deputy
Keeper of Public Records, pp. 434, 5, we find, sub
voce ' Skiviock' — " 1402, July 11. Appointment by

Henry, Prince of Wales of as collectors for

a subsidy of 1,000 marks granted to the Prince by the
County of Flint [2 and 3 Henry lY. m. 1). (1)]. Like
appointments arc made for the i'ollowing places ....
lor Gwelyn Oweyii — David a]) Mad.' Ll'oit, Jevan ap
Mad. Duy, LI. ap Thomas, Edden ap Eign' ap Oweyn,

and Ken. ap David. Also for Gwely Yonas

for Gwely Ouhelyn for Worthenbury and

Bangore " As there is no mention of Llys

coyt, which included part of Tybroughlon and repre-
sented the Domesday Manor of Pui wardeston, we must
su[)|)ose that it was still j)art of Whitchurch, as it had
been tit the date of" Nonarum Fiupiisitio," (14 i^^ilward
HI.) Erbistock is perhaps included in Ouhelyn. Then

TO IIAGBMOXD ABBEV, A.D. 116(3-77. 189

in Appendix II. to 37th Eeport and the Appendix to
39th Report, from A.D. 141G to 1530, the " Gwely
Owen-cum-lliinnier " recurs in continual suhsidies. It
is to this period perhaps that the foUowino- note refers
from the li'inerarutm, p. 357, of William of Worcester,
who was born in Bristol A.D. 1415, and who must have
written after 1450 the following Memorandum : —

(^uod Ewenus Gough, IVitor Mutthai Guugli, armiferi, fait
ballivus mancrii tic llani^nicr, juxta W'liytccliurch iu North
Wales, et iDatcr Matlliai Gough vocatur llawys, ct pater cjus^
id est avus Mattluti Gough ex parte matris vocatur Davy
llanthnero ct mater Mattluui (^ough fnit nutrix [nutricius^
tutor. See Eyton, vol. vii., [). 29*JJ Johannis, doiuini Talbot,
Goniitis de Shrewsbury, et aliorum tratruiu et sororum suorum.

i\hjrte iMatthiei Gougli Cambria elamitat Ogha !

Tliere are many notices of Matthew Goch in Holing-
shed and the Clu'oniclers. In the pedigree he is de-
scribed as a '•' great CVqttain in France," but he ended
his career on London Bridge in 1450, being slain by
Jack Cade's mob. His mother Hawys was probably a
daughter of l)avid aj) Jevan llandmere, and niece to
Matthew, liector of Ilanmere from 1307-87, who "has
a sute in the Arches Cuurt 12 and 13 Kic, II., and
D'ns Dauid de Ilanmere, unkell of Mattliew, is one of
the Judges" (ilarl MS. 2,074, p. 22G, No. 108). In
Ilarl. iM8. 1,970, page 2G1, Jenkyn ap !Sir David brings
an action against David ap Jevan, Gth Uichard lY.
This David ap Jevan Jlanmorc, with many others, is
[)ar(Ume<l by letters ])atent of 11 Henry IV. ^ and in 4
ami 5 Henry V. is collector of a subsidy in Owely-
Cuhelyn. Appendix J I. to 37th Iie[)ort, page 347. He
was livini'- in 1432. Under the title" (Jocb of Maelor"
there is a pedigree of Matthew Gocli in I'owtjs Fadoy
iii. 39G, taken IVom Hail. jNLS. 4,181. He was of the
I'aniily of Jonas ot Boiilcy, and bore " az. 3 boars ar.,"
tht^ same coat as that of Agnes, wife of Bhilip ab John
Uj)ton,aiid one that was to be si;en upon an old Ijanner
in I lanmer Ghurch till IH8I. S(!Vt'ral families bcai" the
suniiiHLC of this hero, e.g. Lord Gough Calthorpc, Loril

100 UIFT OF THE CIlURCll OF lIANMEll

Gough, Gough of Old Fellings, &c. ; and one funiily,
chat of Matthews of MaesUwyn, in Hanmer [larisli,
being descended from iNIargai-et his daughter, were
called from his Christian name, " Matthews." Their
pedigree was published in A. C. 4th Series, No. 2G.

In the Patents, 2-ltli July, i ] th Ilichard 11., there is
. . . " Joh'e Hanmere, cui D'ns Ilex otHcia Eschaetoris
et Tntcrprctis in Com. do lllynt concesserat qunni diu
se bene gesserit," &c. lie therefore compares favour-
ably with his niece, Mortimer's wife, of wdioni her
husband complains,

'■ Tliis is the deadly spite tliat angers me,
My wire can speak no Knglisii, I no AVelsh."

In Ministers' accoinits for the same year "' Grulf tie
llanm', de ileodo suo a})ud C'estriam ca])iend o3^ 4'V'
and in 13 and 14 Iiicliaid II., " Johe's de Hanmere,
Com. de illynt Escaetor pro veteribus escaetis."
In 20 and 21 Richard II., " Joh'e de Hanmere, re'
Ep'atus de Assaven, nup'. custode temporal, ibidem de
arr. suis." In '^ 1391, he has the lands of an outlaw at
Pcnley bestowed upon him." In 1394. he is upon a
Commission, appointed by the King "to inquire into the
unwonted robberies, &c., daily conunitted in the County
of mint." In 12 Henry IV. — liines pro rebellione,
Joh'is Hanmere, Pobyn ah Ith. ap Oweyn Jevan ap
Jollyn ap Howell ap Gwillym, &c., et r. de 29
li. rec. de his Hnibns ])ro proditionibus diver-
soruni videlicet de 40 jMarcis recept. de Joh'e Han-
mere de paite 200 Marcarum a retro existen-
tium de quodam fine 500 marcarum pro vita ipsius
Joh'is nupcr facto et non plus causa inopic p'd'ci Joh'is
et I'legiorum suorum. lilt de 20^ receptis de Kobyn,
&c." " Et in eodem Com[). pro 1 Henry V. de 13''
14s 4-.1 iece}jt de Joh'e Hanmere, Rob'to ap Ith ap
Oweyn, et Oweyn ap Grono a]) liirit de iinibussuis pro
divcrsis rebellionibus })(;r ij)sos I'actis et non j)lus eo (f^
I)ns. I vex per literas suas patentes dat. 30 die Nov. A°
rcgni sui [)rimo pardt)navit et I'olaxavit ligeis suis
('oitat. Com. de fllynt, et eorum singulis tum Anglicis

TO HAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. 1166-77. 191

quam Wallicis omnia deblta et arreragia Compotorum
Dno. liico nup' Regi Anglie 2^^, sen patri regis nunc
sen eideni nunc Kegi ante diem Jovis |)x. post fm
omnium S'c'orum A" regni Kegis ilenrici IV. 13'"" debita
sive pertinentia."

In Harl. MS. 1,39G, page 192, the following copy of
a Salop Visitation in 1584 is given [there is a Visitation
for IG23 in the same MS.]

David niinnier=i=
cic Ilaiimcr Miles 1

=-=Jenkin Haiimer^-
de Haiinicr in
Co. Flint.

I .1 i

John llannaer Richardus Haniner Ed. Ilanmer

dc Ilalton. do Brchufcild in do Fcnncs.

Co. Salop.

Betham (iii. 42(5) gives Philip ab John Upton two
sons, David and Jonkin (? Jevan^, and two dauglitcrs,
Margaret wife of Morgan Gochap Gruil ap Jerw. Voel,
and Myranwey wile of Grulf ap Howell de Ovoton.
In the preceding extract the Judge's eldest son Gruffydd
is omitted; also the eldest son of Jenkin by his first
wife, viz., Gruffydd, the aricestor of Ilanmer of Ilan-
mer. [His mother was jMargaret, daughter and heiress
of David ap Blethyn Vychan of Okenholt, Go. Flint.]
In the " Scrope and Grosvenor Ptoll, 13(S5-90, Joh'an
de Ilanmere, aged 22 yeai's and more, witnesses lor the
latter." His nephews, the sons of Owen Glyndwi-, are
able to bear arms in A.D. 1400. Jolui or Jenkin took
for his second wife Eva, daughter of Grono aj) lorwerth,
with whom lie is said to have ac(piired JJai in (hesford
and Ilalton. As the latter was supposed to have been
in ])0-ssession of the de Havering family in 1270, it will
be interesting u[)on another occasion to tiace its trans-
ference into the hands of its owners in A.D. 14 27.
This was the third alliance with the Grono family, who
were descended from l<'diiyvet N'yrliaii, who |)erhaps
gave llio name liryn Vychan to CJrctliiigtoii, and who
was the ancestor oC llcmy Vll.

192 OIFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMER

PARDONACIO REGIS PJiO PREDTCTO PLACITO
IIABITO IN COMITATU SALOP.

(Charter 9). llenricus Dei gr'a Rex Anglic et ffrancie et
D'ns liiberiiie Om'ibus ad quos p'scntes I're j/ven'int Sal'm'.
Sciatis q'' cum D'ns lienr^ niip' Rex Anglie fii Joh'is p'geiiitor
noster jj' I'ras suas^'' patentcs dedisset et concessisset Will'mo
tunc Abb'i de Haglnnon' advocaco'em ecc'lie de hanemere in
^laillor Saisnck' in Com' de flynt li'end' ct tencnd' eidem Abb'i
et success' suis imi/petuu' p'ut in I'ris p'd'ctis plenius continetur
ac idem Abbas v'tute coneessionis illius d'ctam eccl'iam in
p'prios usus ()i)tinuissct et in possessionc cjusdem p' tcmpus
non modieu' vigorc ejusdem extitisset quousquc ide' Abbas p'
quendam an'cessorum'^ Ric'i I'cstrange Chivaler a possessionc
sua cjusdc' eccl'ie in juste amotus fuisset, ct expulsus Jamq""^
nu'c Abbas Abb'ic p'd'c'o cora' Justiciar' n'ris a])ud Wcstm'
quodda' breve de Recto de advocaco'e eccl'ie p'd'cte in Com'
Salop' coram eisdem Justic' ad Octavas s'ci llillarij ulti'o p't'ito
rotornabilc & rctornatu' versus d'tam Ric'm ad tunc ])ro'nu'
ejusdem eccrie p' titl'm des'census r'onc diversarum p'senta-
e'onu' p' an'cessorcs ad eandcm i'carum nup' p'secutus fuisset
p'cessu indo ib'm continuato quousquc d'tus nu'c Abbas p'
(lefalta p'd'c'i Ric'i in cad' (Uirla factam postq' i|/i inde in
magna' Assi'am so ))osuerunt advocaco'em eccrie p'd'c'e tenend'
in p'[)rios usus sibi et success' suis recup'asset ac post modu'
c'o[)'lo [)' vercdictum cujusda' jurate int' nos' et p'fatu' nu'c
Abb'em et^'' j/t'atu' Ric'm minime h'cbatur consideratu' I'uit in
('ur'ii'ra (['' [)'l'a(us nu'c Abbas oxccuc'o'cm Judicij p'd'c'i de
d'cta advocaco'e tenend' in p'p'rios usus sibi ct success' suis
h'eret p'ut coram p'fatis Justiciar' n'ris de rccordo [jlcnius
apparet ubi d'cta eccl'ia est extra^*^ procinctum et corpus Com
Salop' et in Com' de filynt in Wall' et ib'm coram Justiciar'
n'ris d'ci Com' de filynt et no' ad c'oem legem Anglie placita-
bilis existit Nos de gr'a n'ra sp'ali' p'donavimus p'fato nu'c

'"" 'I'licrc is hero [ilaiii rcrciviicc to the Patont Rolls, circa 1225.
Any giant of tlie Church \>y the Lc^stranL;es wuukl not 'uc earlier tlian
12G7, but still in the i-eiL;n of Henry III.

■^^ "(>ueinlani an'ccs.sornin." The names of Roger I'estrange (who
(lied in i.">ll), and of his coadjutors, arc cai'efully omitted, but the
saiui; rclicencc is not obsi rved as to their actions.

'■' This is omitted in tiio 'liiarlulary.

•'" That part of Haumfr pari.sh wliich was outsich.' I'cddc, ft Id is
i|Uot(:d .MiiiK't imivs as l»('iiig in S;d(i|i(ill the reign of I'lhi'.abct h, but
this was a popular error. See Aildilioual MSS. 15,088; VilfUius
(J. :iO, page 210.

TO HAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. 1166-77. 193

Abb'i dictiim secta' cora' Justic' n'ris p'd'cis apiid Westm' in
forma sup'd'cta f'cam ct iilt'ius statu' et possessionem p'd'c'i
Abb'is in advoeaeo'e p'd'ca sic h'it' ratiticamus et confirnuimus
Nolentes q'^ ip'e sive successores sui p'd'ci cora' Justic n'ris
d'eti Com' de ttlynt aut alibi cora' aliis ministris n'ris quibus-
cunque vel herodu' n'rorum inde impetantur, molestent^ aut
gravenfsed q*^ ip'e ets uccessores sui p'd'c'i d'ctam advocaco'em
h'eant et teneant imp'petuu' ac si p'd'tus nu'c Abbas d'ctam
Advacaco'cm cora' d'ctis Justic' n'ris d'ci Com' de fflynt recu-
p'asset d'ca rccnp'aco'e coram p'fatis Justic' n'ris apud Westm'
aut d'ca coilusione in d'co Com' Salop' triata sive aliquo alio
titulo,qui nobisocc'unc aj)propriaco'is sive reeup'aco'is p'd'carum
accressere pot'it non obstant'. In cujus rei tcstimoniu' has
I'ras n'ras ticri i'cciinus patcnccs. Teste mei'po a[iud Westm'
nono die Januarij Anno rcgni n'ri tercio.

RELAXATIO DP] ADVOCACIONE DICTE ECCLESIE.
(Charter 10). Noverint universi p' p'sentes me Joh'em^^

*^ This John Huumere of llaltou and Llai, described by J. Salis-
bury as " 1st Sonne of Jenkin by the second venter," is the one
whose name is found in the 10th Charter of the present Scries, and
whose sudden uj)pcarance upon the scene has required such lengthy
cxpliiuatiun. Of the others, Uifjhard Hannicr is ef Llys Bedydd, jure
uxoris. Edward is the founder of the Fens line. The common state-
ment that this branch \Yas the oldest and wealthiest is curiously un-
true and true at ihe same time, luiward is here found to be a
younger son of Jenkin (or John) Jianmcr, but he is given the Gwely
Owen, which dates from 1198, and lives at the h'ens Hall, which
must have been the original site connected with that projjcrty. It
is possible that his marriage with Margaret, daughter of Jevan Gethin
may have brought him u remaining share of other coparceners in the
Gwely Owen, e.g. of the two daughters of llawys verch Gwerfyl, by
her first husband Jenaf Vychan (Powi/s Fadog vi. 351), who is called
Constable of Knokyn Castle, liawys would therefore be well known
to the Lestranges, and be one great cause why they forwarded the
interests of her second husband. The lands of these four brothers
came into one hand in 1823. Wiiy John of Halton should treat with
the Abbey instead of his elder brother (Jrifhth (unless it were by
proxy) is not very clear. Wo tind that it produced the natural
result, a lawsuit, in 1-188, between llichard ap GritHth and William
ap John, and that Sir Wiiliani Stanley, K.G., was called in to arbi-
trate. His decision was that Richard should present anyone (with
the exception of a particular person) that William might name to him
at that date, and that afterwards the [)rescntation should remain
with liichard and with his descendants.

Vol III,, 2nd S. Y

194

GUT OF THE CIIUKCIi OF HANiMER

Hanm'e Armig'u' lemississe r'laxcasse et om'io p' me et heredi-
bus meis imp'p'etiiu' quiet' clamasse Pdc'o Abb'i de haghmon'
et ejusdem loci Co'vcntui et success' suis totu' jus mcu' et
clameu' quod h'eo hui' vul aliquo ni° in iutur' h'ere potero in
patronatu sivc advocaco'e eccl'ic de hanm'e Ita q^ nee ego nee
heredes mei aliquod jus vol clameu' in d'c'is patronatu sive
advocaco'e de cetcro exig'c sou vcnditar' ])ot'iiu' s' indo sim'
exclusi imp'p'etuu' p' ])'sontes Et ego v*^ p'd'cus Joli'cs et her'
nu'i dictum })atronatu'^- sive advocaco'eui eccl'ic p'd'cte p'd'cis
Abb'i ot (Jonvontui et success' suis contra onmns gentes
A\'arantizabiiuus et dcfcndevnus imp'p'etuu In cujus rei tes-
timoniu' huic p'senti ►Scrii)to nieo sigilhnn meum apposui lliis
testibus Hugon'^^ Burgh, D'no de j\lontlie, Will'mo horloy,

'- " I'atroiuitu,'' ttc. These rights would seem to have accrued to
the family through the Gwely Owen.

^' Tlic following descents, (from G. T. 0. Bridgeman'3 Princes of
SuHth Walts, p. 270, itc.), will show who this was : —

\Villiam, 4th son of Grilfin ap Gwenwynwyn by Hawys=pWladuse
I'estiange, had Mowddy (M'ith exception of Llandybo,
which wa.4 settled upon Ins mother) " Pari.-^h of Llan-
giuij^, 1). 71." He died in VMo.

Griflith de la Pole^
probavit atatem 1.319
"did homage at C'iies-
ter fur the lordsliip of
I'uuy,^ in KJS.j." Ay-
lullc'.s Calendar, 102.

Hill- -lOleuiKH- V. Tlio.-^. ap Llcw. ap Oucn.

John de la l'ole=f Elizabeth, d. and h. of Sir Fulk Corbet, of
obt. 140,'5. Wattlesborout^h and Moreton Corbet,

born May 7, 1375.

Fulk=^Isabcl
o. s. p. rc-inarried

1414.

to Itichard
de I'esliale.

Elizabeth=pHugh Burph

yL D'ns do Mowdde

J 11 10

AULT.

uxoris, ob.
18, M;i().

" Hugh Burgli was descended from Hubert Jhirgh, ICarl of Kent,
as stated in tlie Visitation of Salnf) fur \bCy\ (Hail. MS. 1211), an(i
one liranch of tlie family were after;vards ilarons of (Jainsborough.'
"Hugh Hurgh himself was of the County of ^Vestmoreland." blake-
way's Sheriffs of iihr(>2»^kire, p. GG.

TO HAUHMOND ABIJEY, A.D. llGG-77. 11)5

Madoco ap Alano de Wetenhull, Joh'e Rodenhurste et alijs
Dat' apud hanra'e Die Mercurij p'x' ante f'm pasche' Anno
rcgni Regis henr' sexti se'^°.

PROCORPORALI POSSESSIONb: ET INDUCTIONE
PREFATE ECCLESIE DE IIANMERE.

(Cliarter 11). Piobertiis^' iMuderei- in decrctis Daccalarius
ven'abilis viri Mag'ri Daiiid-''^ Pryco Archidiaconi Ccstrie OiTw
dil'c'is nobis in x'[)o decano ti'ro Rroxen,^'' necnon -loli'i llanni'o
Armig'o et D'no Dauid''^ Ca[)cllano p'ucbi:di eecric p'ocliialis
de Hanni'e Sal'm in om'i' Salvatore. Quia rev'endus in x'i)o
p'r ct D'ns Will'us^^ j/missionc divina Conentr' et lich' ep'iis
Religiosos viros Abb'em et Co'ventn' ^lon' dc liaglunon' ordinis
s'ci Augustini diet' Dioe' jure et posscssiuni eccl'ie [j'oehiulis do
lianemere p'd'cte Abb'i et Coiiventui ab antiq° auctoiitato
ordinal-' ap'p'ate v'nite p'it' et annexe in qua idem Abbas et
Co'vcntus possessione' corporale fiiemnt ade[)ti et in cadeni p'
nonmodica temp'a pacifice steter'nt et quiete et postca injusto
ut ass'if spoliati extitcrunt p' exhibico'em p'cessus RegiJ et
recup'aeo'is inde seeuto ac alia documenta coram codem
Rev'endo p'rc exhibita et p'ip'm Rev'endiim p'rem riraata p'it'

In Powys Fadog iii. 397, it 1$ stated that Matthew Goch of Penley,
maviicd Margaret, daughter (by Maigarct his wife, daughter of Sir
Bi-yau de Harle}', Kt., of Brampton Bryan) of Rliys Moythe, I,ord of
Castell Edwin, ab Uliys Moytlie, or Mowdde, ie." Lewy.s Dwun
(Meyrick), vol. i., p. 45.

The " vibata de Grettitoii seems to have belonged to Kichard de
Harley in 1297." Close Boll, 25 lulwaid I., m. G.

'^* In 13 Henry VI., Bobert Madercr's name occurs in the Chciter
Bolls as persona eecric de Chirche Clnistletou.

'•''•> Archdeacon David Bryce is meuticjued in Ormerod's Cheshire.

'•'^ In the Taxatio of 1288 (Thomas de Staundon being one of the
Conmiissioncrs) the following Churches are named within the Deanery
dc Wyco Mauban ct Brc.xins (Broxton), viz., Mabis Bassus, Tilleston,
Codynton, Tatenhale, Aldefonlc, liainem'e, Banke-burn cu' ca])ella.

'•'' \n 37 Henry VIII. two chauntrics belonging to Hanmer Church
were su[)pressed. It was not common for such prit^sts to have a cure
of souls. In the case of Sir David he would seem to have been the
parochial cliaplain who did the work which Richard Colfox neglected.

'•"^ " William Hey worth, Abbot of St. Albans, ruled from 1419 to
1447 in tiie interests of the older learning, and in harmony with the
I'ojK', who ' provideil ' him to fiichlield. lie attended the Council of
Basle in 1 VM" Lkhjltld Di<H-(^a)c llUlonj^ p^gc 157.

196 CaFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMER

et examiaata de consensu D'ni Ric'i^^ Colfox ultimi Rectoris
d'c'am ecci'iam in man' Kev'cndi p'ris antedicti resignantis et
rcsi!?nacis huiusmodi admissiono inde secuta Icfdtti'e restituit
p' decretu' p'ut p' I'ras d'ci llev'endi p'ns nob' presentatas
quas p'p' earum p'lixitate et tcmp'is brevitate hie inserere non
valemus plenius poterit apparero Quo circa vob' et v'rm cuili't
conjunctim et divisim com'itimus et mandamus quatin' res'-
vatis Arch'o Cestrie qui p' temp'e fuit l)ece'^'° solidis A'genti.
anuis ad festa pasche singulis annis solvendis p' indempnitate
d'ce eccl'ie de hanm'e cui fructus et p'vcntus d'ce eccl'ie durant

^9 The name of Colfox occurs frequently in the public documents
for two centuries. In the " Nonues Priests' Tale," '*a colfoxe (full
of sleight and iniquitie) that in the grove had wouned yeares three,

the same night through the hedge brust into the yerd."

There can be little doubt that the Abbey would 'regard the Uichard
of this name with scant afl'ection. Uichard I'estrango having claimed
the Church of Ilanmer had presented Kichard Colfox to it. Lichfield
Diocesan Kegister. 6th .Inly 1413, "Dn's llic'us Colfox, cap. admissus
ad eccriam parochialem de Hannemere, vacanteni per mortem ultimi
Kectoris ad preseutaco'em D'ni Eic'i Testraunge Equitis, D'ni de
Knokyn." We can well suppose that the impoverished state of the
hving and the consequent neglect of the parish would be an unceas-
ing cause of discontent ; and Kichard Colfox might seem to be a
public benefactor in seeking to recover from the Abbey their ill-
gotten gains. The result was that he enriched himself, the parish
remaining as before.

^0 " Decern solidis." Eyton gives an instance where this charge
was paid by the holder of the great tithes ; but much more frequently
it was iqjon the })oor clergy tliat the burden was laid. JUiyton juxta
Buschurcii was treated in the sauio way by the same Abbey, with the
consent of Pope John XXII., in 1330, and Kichard Earl of Arundel,
no doubt, deploring the destitute state of the N'icar began to endow
the Vicarage anew (vol. x. 117). "Ordinatio" was the term used for
allotting the endowment of a Vicarage when a llcctory was appropri-
ated, and in Eyton ii. 13*.), a charter of 1285 sets out the status of
the Vicar of Sutton Madock^ Salop, " the \''icar for the time being
shall have a siiihcient House on the Glebe (in solo ecclesiastico) and
half a virgate of land ; all mortuaries, the tithe of hay, the tithes of
wool, lambs, young swine, colts, calves, white honey, geese, apples,
and pannage ; also tithes of gardens and crofts under spade culture ;
and all oblations and offerings at the altar, however arising ; also all
tithes of fisheries, mills, and of wood sold within the parish ; and the
tithes of flax and hemp." The whole of this only amounted to
£■■[ 13s. 4d. In the case of Ilanmer it seemed that the Bishop's
Official and the Abbey both conspired against it.

TO UAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. llGG-77. 197

vacaco'e ejus Jem debentur. Nulla t'n p' hoc alia co'suetudine
Arcliidiaconali dirai'ta seu libcrata eccria ante d'c'a p'fatos
lleligiosos viros seu p'curatorera eorundcm in corp'alem d'c'e
eccrio possessionc' jur'mquc et [»'tin' suorum imiv'sos rcaliter
inducatis ct detendutis iuductu' Et quid in p'luissis feccritis
nos' d'co negocio expedite) p' I'ras v'ras ])atcntcs haruui scrie'
continentcs sigillo auten'^° consignat' dcbitc certificctis seu sic
certiticet ille vr'ni qui ])'scns mandatu recepit exequcnd. Dat
sub sigillo officii ^^'^^ Cestrie xv" die mcnsis Julij Anno D'ni
mill'mo CCCC xxiiij'".

CONCESSIO NOMINACIONIS VICAIIIJ EJUSDEM
ECCLESIE.

(Charter 12) Omnibus xp'i fidelibus ad quos p'sens Scriptu'
p'venerit. Hic'us Abbas eccl'ie s'ci Joh'is Ev'nge*'' do hagh-
mon' ct ejusdcm loci Co'ventus salutem in d'no Noveritis nos
unanim' conscnsu*^^ et asscnsu dedisse et concessisse et lioc
p'scnti scripto n'ro confirmasso Joli'i dc lianme' Armig'o et
heredibus suis No'iaco'cm*^'- vicarij cccl'i ji'ochialis de hanme'
cu' vacaverit Ita q'^ p'd'cus Joli'es et hercdes sui heant' no'i'a-
co'em p'd'cam absqu' impedimento sive int'upcione n'ra seu
successorum imp'petuu' et ad vicaviam p'd'ctam totiens
quotiens m futur' vacare contig't nobis seu successori-
bus p'sbit'um ydoneum. nominare debcant Ita q** nos diet'
Abbas et success' n'ri virtute no'i'aco'is presbitu'm p'd'c'ra
Joli'om sou horedes suos sic quoquo modo no'i'andum Ep'o
loci dioc' ad vicariam eccl'io dc iianme' p'dict' p'scntarc tcnca-
niur Jn cujus rci tcstimoniu' tain sigilluni mei d'ci Abb'is q'
sigilluui Com'une cccl'ic dc luiglimon' p'dict' }>'si;ntibus sunt
appcusa. Dat' in domo n'ra Cap'ulari dc liaghmon' J)u jdccimo
(lie mcnsis >Scptcmbris Anno D'ni Mill'mo CCCC xxiiij'" ac
rogni licL^is Ilcnr' Sexti post Conqucstum tcrcio. Et nos
Will'iii's Dei gr'a Coucntr' ct Lich' Ep'us ad sp'alcm rogatum
p'tiii' ])'d'c'aruni sigillum n'rum fccimus liijs apponi in fidcm
ct tcstimoniu' p'missorum. Dat' in Mani'vio n'ro dc llcywodc
XV" die mcnsis Scptembris Anno D'ni sujj'd'c'o ct n'rc consc-
crac'o'is quinto.

*'' 'I'lio wunl.s ''consensu ct asj<ensn " ;ire frctiucntly used in nncicnt
deeds to indicate the formal or necessary consent of a tlurd ]Kuty.
Kyton xii. inr).

*^- 'riie Abbey recovercil the Advowsou, Joliu llanniere got tlio
nomination.

198 GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF UANMER

OBLIGACIO PRO SITU" VICARIE IBIDEM ET ALUS.

(Charter 13). Novcriiit univ'si p' [)'scntcs me Joli'em hanm'e
ill March' Wall' Arnnu^eriiin tcneri ct p' p'sentes firmiter obli-
gari Ric'o Abb'i cccrie s'ci Joh'is ev'iiL;"e''^ dc haghmon' in
(luccntis libris stcrliiigorum bone et Icgalis monete Anglicane
Solvend' eideni Abb'i vol success' suis in fcsto om'i' s'c'orum
p'x' fiitiir' post dat' p'scnc'i'n sine dilaco'e idtoriori ad quarri
quidem soluc' bone et fidcliter faciend' Obligo me heredcs et
execut' meos };' p'scntcs Sigillo mco signal' Dat' hine [)'x'post f'm
Nativitatis b'o marie virginis anno regni Regis lienrici sexti
tercio.

CONDICIO EJUSDEM.

(Charter 14). Condicio istius script! obligatorij t'lis est q''
si aliqnis vicarius ad vicariain occlesie de hanm'c p' Joh'em
hanm'e infra no'i'at vel heredcs suos de cetero no'iand et p'
Abb'em de haghmon' p' temp'c existent p'sentand'et ad eande'
p' ordinariu' loci instituend et inducend' non capiat durante
t'mino (pio p'd'cus Abbas vel successores sui solverint Ric'o
Colfox nu[)' })'sone eccl'ie p'd'ce quaiulam annuam penco'em
xx'' et trium librarum, vjs. viijrZ. eidem Ric'o p' p'd'cm Abb'em
p' t'mino vitc sue concess' plus do exitibus et p'ticuis p'verint
de vicar' p'd'ca annuatim q' decem marcas s' q'^ pre'd'cus vicari'
sicut futur' durante t'mino p'd'c'o pacifice p'mittat p'd'c'm
Abb'em et success' suos p' temp'e existentes pacitice p'cip'e et
gaudero rosiduu' tocius [)'licui i)'ueiiiont' de vicaria p'd'ca ultra
d'cas decoin marcas Ac si d'cus Vicarius tempore p'd'co solvat
vel solvere faciat Arch'o Cestrie p' tempore existenti quoli't
Anno X Argenti p' quadam antiqna annua penco'e Archid'
p'd'co do cccl'ia p'd'ca debit.' Et si p'd'cus Joh'es vel heredes
sui {)'iniftant^ })'d'tm Abb'em scu succtsssorcs suos pacilico re-
cu[)'ar' versus cum vol cos quandam p'ccllam terre vocat
Nonno croftc p' quoddam br'e iu>vc dissi'c infra Com' de lllynt
et c[^ p'd'tus Johannes vel heredcs sui ad br'e p'd'cm com[)'eat
vel c()'|)'eant ita q'' recu[)'acio p'd'ca liat p' veredictnm ct
acc'o'ne' triatam inter p'tes [)'(rcas sumptibus ot costagijs p'd'ci
Joh'is vel hercdum sii )rum ct q'' idem Joh'es &i her' sui tem])'e
futur' imp'petuu' p'mittant vicar' eccl'ie p'd'ce p' temp'e exis-

""'^ ]*n» hitu viciirio. lloro we liiivc cxjucsa .stipnUlion lliul tlui
Viciif kIihU bu provided with ii iiuuac, uiid iu Llio iiuxL Charter wo
Icuru where the huuso wu8.

TO HAGIIMONI) ABBEY, A.D. 1166-77. 199

t'^nt' et success' suos pacitice guudere et occupar' p'cellam terre
p'd'tam absque iut'upco'e seu impedimento eorundem q"^ ex
tunc istud Scriptura Obligatorium [)' nulln liea'tur alioqnin in
om'i suo roboro p'inaneat et etr'c'u.

THE KING'S PAllDON FOR THE AFORESAID PLEA
BEING HAD IN THE COUNTY OF SALOP.

(Charter 9). Henry, by the grace of God, King of England
and (franec, and Lord of Ireland, to all to whom the present
letters shall come greeting. Know ye that whereas the Lord
Henry, late King of Enghind, son of John, our [)rogenitor, liad
given and granted by his letters patent to William then Abbot
of Haghmonil, the advowson of the Church of Hanmer, in
Maclor Saisnek, in the County of lUint, to have and to hohl to
the same Abbot and his successors for ever, as in the aforesaid
letters is more fully contained ; and the same Abbot by virtue
of that grant had obtained the said Church to his own uses
and had remained in possession of tlie same for no small time
by virtue thereof, until the same Abbot by a certain ancestor
of Richanl I'estraunge, Chevalier, had been unjustly amoved
and expelled from his possession of the same Church ; and now
the })resent Abbot of the Abbey aforesaid before our Justices
at \Vestminster had lately prosecuted a certain Writ of right
concerning tho advowson of the Church aforesaid in the
County of Salop, returnable and returned before the same
Justices at the Octave of S' Hilary last past, against tb.e said
Richard, then patron of the same church by title of descent,
by reason of divers presentations made by his ancestors to the
sanie ; the process thereof being continued there until the said
now Abbot, by default of the aforesaid Richard made in the
same Court, aiter that they had put themselves on the great
Assize, had recovered the advowson of the church aforesaid, to
liold to his own uses, to him and his successors : And it having
alurwards bi'on found by the verdict of a certain jury between
us antl the aforesaid now Abbot [that] there was no [fraud or
collusion between tlio aforesaid Abbot] and tho aforesaid
Richard, it was considered in our C!ourt that the aforesaid now
Abbot should have execution of the judgment aforesaid for
the liohling of the said advowson to his (nvn uses, l,o him and
Ills successors; as more fully a}>[»ears before our aforesaid
Just-iees of record: wli(;reas the said Church is wuliout the
precinct and body of the County of Salop, and in the County
of Flynt, in Wales, and is there [)leadable before our Justices

200 GIFT OF THE CUUlU:il OF HANMEli

of the said County of Fiynt, and not at the Common Law of
Engh\nd : We, of our special grace, have pardoned to the afore-
said now Abbot the said suit ina(h3 bifore our Justices afore-
said at Westminster in the form above-said; and further, we
ratify and confirm the estate and [)osscssion of the aforesaid
Abbot so had in the advowson aforesaid ; not wilhng that he
or his successors aforesaid shall therein be impeached, molested,
or troubled before our Justices of the said County of Flynt or
elsewhere before other ministers whomsoever of us or our lieirs,
but that he antl liis successors aforesaid shall have and hold
the said advowson for ever, as if the aforesaid now Abbot had
recovered the said advowson before our said Justices of the
said County of Flynt at Westminster; notwithstanding the
said recovery before our aforesaid Justices at Westminster, or
the said collusion tried in tlie said County of Salo}), or any
other title which can accrue to us by reason of the a])pro|»ria-
tion or recovery aforesaid. In testimony wiiereol we have
caused these our letters patent to be drawn out, myself being
witness at Westminster, on the ninth day of January in the
third year of our reign.

RELEASE FOR THE ADVOWSON OF THE SAID
CHURCH.

(Charter 10). Know all men by these presents that I John
Jlanmer, lvs(juirt\ liave remitted, relaxed, and altogether for
myselt" and my heirs for ever cjuit-claimed to iiichard, Abbot
of llaghmond, and the Convent o( tlic same place, and their
successors all my right, and claim which I have,lia(l,or in any
way hereafter c;in have in the ])atrt)nage or advowson of the
church (»f hanmcr, so that neither 1 nor my h(.'irs shall hence-
forth be able to require or set lor sale any right or claim in
the said patronage or advowson, that is to say, we arc thence
forward excluded for ever by these presents. And T for my
})art the aforesaid John, and my heirs will warrant the said
patronage or advowson of tiie said Clnircli to the said Abbot
and Convent and their successors against all nations. In
witness whereof I have to this my writing placed my seal,
with the.se witncs.ses, Hugo Durgh, Lord of Monthe, William
Jiorley, Madoc ap Meredith, Alan do ^Vetenhull, John Koden-
luu'ste, and others, (iiven at lianmeron the Wednesday next
bidore the least^ ot Master, in the seconil year td' the reign of
King Henry the sixth.

TO UAGHMOND ABBEV, A.D. 1166-77. 201

FOR THE CORPORAL POSSESSION AND INDUCTION
OF THE AFORESAID CHURCH OF HANMERE.

(Charter 11.) Robert Maderer, Raelielor in Decrees, OtHcial
of the venerable man Ahister David Prj'ce, Arelideacon of
Cliester, to our beloved in Christ our Dean of Broxen, and John
Hanmere, Esquire, and Sir David, parish chaplain of the parisii
Church of Hanmere, greeting' in the Saviour of all men. For-
asmuch as the Reverend Father in Christ and Lord, William,
by divine permission, Rishoj) of Coventry and Lichtield, has
lawfully hy decree restored the religious men the Abbot and
C'onvcnt of the monastery of Haglnnond, of the order of S'
Augustine, in the said diocese, to the right and possession of
the parish church of Hancmore, a[)pro[)riatC(l, united, and like-
wise annexed to the aforesaid Abbot and Convent of old time
by ordinary authority, in which [church] the same Abbot and
Convent had obtained corjioral ])Ossession, and remained in
the same peaceably and c|uietly for no small time, and after-
wards were unjustly deprived, as it is asserted, by exhibition
of the royal process and the recovery following thereupon, and
other documents exhibited before the same lleverend Father,
and perused and examined by the same Reverend Father, with
the consent of Sir Richard Colfox, last Rector, who resigned
the said church into the hands of the Reverend Father afore-
said, and tlie admission of such resignation following; as may
more fully nppear by the letters of the said lleverend Father
presented to us, which, on account of their prolixity and the
shortness of time, we cannot here insert. Wherefore wo
connnit and command to you and each of you, jointly and
severally, that, reserving to the Archdeacon of Chester for tlie
time being ten sliilling^s of silver yearly to be paid at tlie feast
of Easter every year for the indemnity of tlie said church of
Hanmere — to whom the fruits and profits of the said church
are due during the vacancy of the same — nevertheless, no
other Archidiaconal custom being hereby diminished or de-
livered [with] the church aforesaid — you shall really induct
the aforesaid religious men or their procurator into corporal
possession of the said church and all its rights and appurten-
ances, and defend them so inducted. And you shall duly
certify us of what you shall have done in the premises, on the
des[)atch of the said business, by your letters patent, reciting
the tenor of tiifse [>ivscn(s, and scaled with an authentic seal;
or that ono of you shall so certify who shall have received the
present mandate for execution. (Jiven under the seal of our
office of Chester on the lifteciith day of the month of July in
the year of our Lord 14^'!.

Vol. III., 2ua S. yr

202 GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMEU

GRANT OF THE NOMINATION OF THE VICAR OF
THE SAME CHURCH.

(Charter 12). To all faithful people of Christ to whom the
present writing sliall come, Richard, Abbot of the Church of
S^ John the Evangelist of Haghmond, and the Convent of the
same place, greeting in the \a)\(\. Know ye that wo, -with
unanimous consent and assent, have given and granted and by
this our present writing confirmed, to John do Hanmcre,
Esquire, and his heirs, the nomination of the vicar of the jiarish
church of Hanmerc, when it shall be vacant, so that the afore-
said John and his heirs shall have the nomination aforesaid
without impediment or interruption of us or our successors for
ever ; and they shall duly nominate to us or our successors a
fit priest to the vicarage aforesaid as often as it shall happen
to be vacant in future ; so that we the said Abbot and our
successors by virtue of the nomination shall be bound to
present to the vicarage of tho church of Hanmerc aforesaid
the priest so in any manner to be nominated by the aforesaid
John or his heirs to the liishop who is diocesan of the place.
In witness whereof as well the seal of me the said Abbot as
the common seal of the Church of Haghmond aforesaid are
ap[)ended to these presents. Given in our chapter-house of
llaghmond, on the twelfth day of the month of September in
the year of our Lord 1424, and in the third year of the reign
of king Henry the Sixth after tlie Conquest. And wo,
William, by the grace of God, Bishop of Coventry and Lich-
field, at ihe si)ecial request of the parties aforesaid, have caused
our seal to be affixed to these presents in faith and testimony
of the j)remises. Given in our manor of Hcywode, on the
fifteenth day of the inonth of Sc})tember in the year of the
Lonl abovcsaid, and in the fifth [year] of our consecration.

OliLIGATION FOR THE SITE OF THE VICARAGE
THERE ANl^ OTHER THINGS.

(Charter l.*}). Know all men by these presents that I, John
Hanmcre, in the ^Marches of Wales, Esquire, am bound and
by tlicsc presents firmly obliged to Richard, Abbot of the
Church of S' John the EA-angelist of Haghmond, in two
hundred pounds sterling of good and lawful English money,
to be paid to the same Abbot or his successors in the feast of
All Saints next ensuing afler the date of ihesc presents, with-
out further d"lay ; to make which same payment well and

(fOff Kfll'

TO HAGlliMONI) ABBEY, A.D. 1166-77. 203

faithfully I bind myself, my heirs and executors, by these
presents. Given on ^londay next after the feast of the
Nativity of the Blessed Mary the Virgin in the third year of
the reign of King Henr}/ the Sixth.

CONDITION OF THE SAME.

(Charter 14). The condition of this Writing Obligatory is
such that if any vicar henceforth to be noniinated to the
vicarage of the church of llanmcre by John Ilanmere within
named or his heirs, and to be presented by the Abbot of
llaghmond for the time being, ami to be instituted and induc-
ted to the same by the Ordinary of the place, shall not take
(during the term during which the aforesaid Abbot or his
successors shall pay to llichard Colfox, late parson of the
church aforesaid, a certain yearly pension of 23' 6^ S*', granted
to the same Richard by the aforesaid Abbot for term of his
life) more of the issues and profits arising from the vicarage
aforesaid yearly than ten marks, but that the aforesaid Vicar
so to be during the term aforesaid shall peaceably permit the
aforesaid Abbot and his successors for the time being peace-
ably to receive and enjoy the residue of all the profit arising
from thu vicarage aforesaid over and above the said ten marks;
and if the said Vicar during the time aforesaid shall pay or
cause to be paid to the Archdeacon of Chester for the time
being every year ten [shillings] of silver for a certain yearly
pension due to the Archdeacon aforesaid from the ('hurch
aforesaid ; and if the aforesaid John or his heirs shall pirmit
the aforesaid Abbot or his successors peaceably to recover
against him or them a certain parcel of land called Xonne-
crofte, by a certain writ of nuvul disseisin within the County
of Flynt ; and that the aforesaid John or his heirs shall appear
to the writ aforesaid, so that the recovery aforesaid may be
made by verdict and action tried between the [)arties aforesaid
at the charges and costs of the aforesaid John or his heirs;
and that the same John and his heirs in time to come for ever
shall [)crmit the Vicar of the church aforesaid for the time
being and his successors peaceably to enjoy and occu[)y the
parcel of land aforesaid without interruption or impediment
from them: tliat then this writing obligatory shall be held for
naugiil ; otherwise it siiall remain in all its force and effect.

After 1563 the Vicars had no house until the present
century. [In "36 Elizabeth William Hanmer, Junr.,

204 GIFT OF THI'^ CHURCH OF HANMEU

is Crown Farmer of the Scite of the Rectory," so it
must have been aUenated in 1539]. Richard Colfox
was pensioned off with £23 Os 8d., and until liis
decease the Vicar was to be satisfied with 10 marks
(.£G 13s. 4d.), out of which lie was to ])ay the Arch-
deacon's annual fee of 10 shilHngs ; and anything
beyond that, in the protits of the living, was to go to
Ilaghmond ; also John Ilanmer was to allow the Vicar
peaceably to enjoy and occui)y a coiiain parcel of land
called the Nun's Croft. [I'his croft, wliich contains a
British camp upon which the Rectory house stood, and
(apparently) at an earlier date a Saxon Nunnery, is
now called the Vicarage Meadow, having been occupied
by the Vicars until 1.063]. None of these arrangements
were faithfully carried out. In the Alonasticon (Bohn's
Edition, 1846), vol. vi., pp. 113-4, llangmer in March:
Wall., is worth £24 to the Abbey (Valor Eccles., 26
Henry VIII. ). Therefore the pension allowed to Richard
Colfox had been seised, at his death, by the Abbey,
returning to the donation made to them in 1343 by
Roger I'estrange (vid. Charter 7), which they had
apparently decided to Ibrego when coming to terms
with Richard I'estrange and his co-parcener Richard
Colfox. But why did the Bishop acquiesce in such
robbery '? And still more the lay nominee consent to
the living being so greatly reduced in value again ?
Probably they were hel{)less. The Abbey, with the
Pope backing it, was too strong for them. Also John
I'estrange, the last of the name, was a different man from
his father, and not likely to oppose the Monks. Little
more tliaii a hundred years elaj)sed before the Al)bey
of Ilaghmond itself was wasted at tlie hands of the
Arch-j)lunderer, Henry Vlll. — Sic ])eribunt omnes ini-
mici tui, Domine. — The nomination of tlie lirst Vicar,
taken from Lichfield Diocesan Register, is as follows: —
" A.I). 1424, August, Grilhn de Chadhuil admitted to
Vicarage of Manmer, latel}'' established, on presentation
of ilaghemond Al)bcy : & in accoixlance with the nomi-
nation of John de liannier, Esq., which John and his

TO HAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. 11 G6-77. 205

heirs have rioht to nominate to the Abbot and Convent
as patrons. Mandate. &c."

This Vicar bears the earlier name of Hanmer Village.
One of those traditions which linger about a place was
communicated to the writer some years ago, viz., that
the village (not the lake) used to be called St. Chad's.
Everything tends to confirm that (vid. supra, note 12).
This Vicar's name occurs in another form in the follow-
ing deed: — "17 Henry VI., Grant fait par Hugh
Shelbrick et GritHn Chatioast, Cler. al John Hanmer et
sa femme Ankaret de touts leurs terres &c. in Maylor
Seisneck a luy et Ankaret sa femme et ses heyres."
(Emral MS.) Chat-wast is the Chad-huU-hunte of Earl
Leofric's grant in 1043. By the frequent mention of
silva3 in Domesday, and such names as G Wren's park
(in places three miles apart), Llwyn, Bruery, Wyon's
Iluding or Bidding, it would seem that a " feld " was
the exception in Beddes-feld, the whole of it, except
Rliostre in Halghton, and other conunons, being forest.

In Ministers' Accounts, 8 Henry IV., we hnd " et de
medietate unius mol'i 'quatici vocat Chate-hulle q' fuit
.Job' is de Hanmere." The Assistant Secretary of the
Salt Library at Stafford favours me with the followino-
note: — "Chaddeshunt is mentioned under names slightly
differing in Domesday Book and in both the Valors
[Pope Nicli. and Henry VHI.], but in the interval of
the 12th century was passed from the Priory of Coven-
try to the Bishops, amongst the temporalia of whom
the Valors specify it. There is a succinct account of
the descent of Chadeshunt in Diigdale's Warw,, ist ed.
Tlie Manor had the following owners : Leofric, the
Abbot of Coventry, the Prior of ditto, the Bishops of
Coventry, who aliened it temp. Edward VI. to Thomas
Hawkins, alias Fisher, and he to Thomas Newsam temp.
Cvharles 11." Heading these facts by the light of
l^iyton's rcMuarks (vol vi. ."[(il) about the connection of
St. C 'bad's, Shrewsbury, with tbe Catiiedral at Lichlield,
we are forced to the conclusion that similar names,
though in different counties, often implied identical

206 GIFT OF THE CHURCH OF HANMER

manors. Iq Shropshire there are not unfrequently
instances of a Wicli belonging to a Manor, which has
proved to be not witliin the boundaries of that Manor,
but at a considerable distance. [A road that comes
fi'om the U])per and Lower Dirtwiche in English
Maelor is called the Salt Lane as it passes Hanmer at
the Mere head, also further on at Bradenheath, and
again to the east of Loppington. J

In the Haghmond Ohartulary, fol. 85b and 86,
" Abbot Ludlow concedes to John L'estrano-e, Lord of
Knokyn and Mohun, on December 1st, 1476, and to
Jacinta his wife, a perpetual Chantry in the Monastery
with a daily mass to be said at the altar of St. Anne,
Mother of tlie Virgin, for the souls of tlie said John
and Jacinta, of Ilichard, late Lord Strange, and Eliza-
beth his wife, parents of John, and of Constancia,
former wife of the said Richard. The endowment of
the said Chantry is charged by John I'estrange on tlie
Vill of Willecote in the demesne of Ness Strange, if it
should happen that the Church of Hanmer, which the
Canons had by gift of the said John and Ids ancestors
for the support of the said Chantry, should realise less
than ten marks per annum, by reason of any Welsh
rebellion or otherwise.

[" Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk and (Richard Gray)
Lord Powys are said to have carried tire and sword into
Uanmer ))arish in 1463, when j)ursuing the Lancas-
trians." Reynold's (of Oywustry) Pedigrees.

Presumably Hanmer Clnirch was then burned. The
building of the present one (which had a chancel
of oak till 1720), is thought to date from 141)0.
As the loof in tlio aisle is identical with that in the
Kynaston (./ha})el at Eilosmore, and the whole building
closely resembles the ( Jiuuches of Mold ;uul Holt, it
has been thought sometimes that the good (Jountess
Marg.uot of Itichmond and Dohy was the Ibundcr of
all of them. Holt and Mold are called " Penitence
( *luuch(;s," having been built (as it is said) by the
Coimtess to atone for the juflicial nuu'der of Sir William

TO HAGHMOND ABBEY, A.D. llGG-77. 207

Stanley. Upon the corbels right and left of the great
south door are figures of men holding shields, upon one
of which are the L' estrange lions (the C.^ountess' step-
son married Joan, the heiress of that family), and upon
the other, possibly an Abbot's mitre ; but it is much
mutilated].

In Ancient Monuments, by John Weever, A.D. 1631,
page 530, under " Great Ilellingdon " is written—" In
this church lieth buried under a tombe covered with a
)narble stone, John, Lord Strange, of Knocking, upon
which this inscription is engraven : — ' Sub hac tumba
jacet nobihs Johannes Dom. de Strange, Dom. de
Knocking, Mahan, Wasset, Warnell, Lacy, de Colham,
una cum pictura Jaquette, quondam uxoris sue, que
quidem Jaquetta fuit soror Elizabetlie, liegine Ano-lie,
quondam uxoris Kegis Edwardi IV^^ qui quidem
Johannes obiit 15 die Octob,, a° regni Iiegis Edw. IV"
17, quam quidem tumbam, Johanna domina le Strange,
una cum pictura Jaquette ex sumptibus suis propriis
fieri fecit 1509.' This race of le Strange continued
for many descents in the dignity of Lord Barons, in
Latin Records called Extranei, for that they were
strangers, brought hither by King Henry II. the yeare
1148. [Eyton, x. 2G2, mentions iToland le Strange, son
of lialph fitz Ilerlewin de Hunstanton and husband of
Matilda le Brun, as witness to a charter circa 1112].
This John IX., Lord Strange, here intombed, was the
last of that surname, Baron of Knocking, for Sir George
Stanley, sonne and heire of Thomas, Lord Stanley,
Earle of Darby, the first of that name married Joane,
the sole daughter and iieir of the aforesaid John, Lord
Strange, here mentioned, who to her father's memory
made this monument, with whom he had both her
father's honours and ample inheritance, of which
Thomas Stanley — some time Lord Bishop of Man — in
his pcdigieo of the Stanleys, speaking of Thomas the
first J^^arle, thus makes his rime : —

lie uiiuricd liis lirst sonnc Ccorgo to no Fenne nor (Grange
jiiit lionourably to the licirc of the Lord Strange :

208 GIFT OF THE CHURCfJ OF UANMER, A.D. I 166-77.

Who lived in such love as no man els hud :
For at the death of him, divars Avcnt almost madd :
At an ungodly banquet (ulas) lie was poysoncd,
And at fiOndon in St. James (Jarlikhith lyes buried."

Hail. M.S. 255 (11), contains "Liteioe D. Siraondi>
D'Ewesad D. llamoneni L'estrange, Equitem Auiatumj
de natalibus suis, et de Gentis suis initiis."

[Since the first part of this paper was jjrinted, we regret to record
the death of the author, the Kev. Canon Lee, M.A., who since the
year 1867 has been Vicar of llanmer. Ho was an anticpuuy of some
repute, and in 1982 edited the " Diaries and Letters of Philip Heury,
M.A., of Broad Oak." The correction of the ])roofs of this second
part of his paper has had to be done by other hands. — Ed.]

209

SOME LEA.VES FKOM THE RECORDS OF THE

COURT OF QUAKTFR SESSIONS FOR THE

COUNTY OF SALOr.

By Sir OFFLEY WAKEMAN, Bart., Chairman of the Court.

In 1887, when I was Sheriff for the County, I was
enabled, by the kin(hiess of the then Chairman of
Quarter Sessions, J\L'. A. Salwey, to examine the
records of the Court with tlie view of pubhshing such
portions of them as might seem to be of pubUc or
antiquarian interest. Since the close of my shrievalty,
however, I have failed to lind an opportunity of arrang-
ing the materials then obtained in the complete form I
at first contemplated, and at the present time I cannot
but feel that the occasion so long delayed is not likely
to present itself, at any rate, for many years to come.
Under these circumstances, I trust the readers of the
Transactions will pardon the crude and fragmentary
character of the paper ^vllich follows, in which I propose
merely to give verbatim some of the more interesting
of the Orders and Re])orts to be found in the records
of the Court, with the addition of such general remarks
as may seem to be desirable. For the sake of lucidity,
I have placed the extracts under three heads, grouping
them according to their relation to the Administrative,
Judicial, or General business of the Court.

The first Royal Connnission assigning in each county
good men and lawful to keep the King's peace and to
inquire of and deteiniine felonies and other misdemean-
ours in each county committed was issued soon after
13li7, and since that time — to quote the words of a
former Chairman of the Court, Mi-. Layton Lowndes,
to whose indefatigable industry and unselfish devotion
throughout many years the county is so deeply in-

Vol. ni., -Jiul S. AA

210 li:aves from the records of the court of

debted — " The zeal and abilities of the conservators
and justices of the peace huve been proved and approved
by the legislature. From time to time, as occasion
required and fresh needs arose, new and onerous duties
of a financial and administrative as well as of a
judicial nature, were continually cast upon them, till
the county business transacted by the Quarter Sessions
became of immense importance and great intricacy."

Of the business transacted by the Shropshire Court
during the greater portion of these centuries no record
now exists. All that has come down to us consists of
18 folio volumes, which deal with the years between
1709 and 186'J. Notes of some earlier Orders, chiefly
relating to the practice of the Court, are inscribed on
the cover and fly sheet of the first of these volumes,
whilst since 18G9 the documents relating to each
Sessions have been made up into a roll by themselves
and filed in the Muniment Itoom at the Shirehall.

Tlie first volume is intituled in Gothic character, '* A
Book of Orders Commencing att Easter Sessions
Anno Dom. 1709."

The actual Orders are throughout recorded in
English, but previous to April, 1783, the formal
headings at the commencement of the proceedings of
each Sessions was in Latin. It may be of interest to
give the first of these headings in the volume of 1709,
which runs thus : —

Ad (joueral' Qiiartal' Session pac. pro Com. p'dcto

Salop tent' apud Vill. Salop in p'dcto Com' x° die Martis in

Scptiman' prox. post Translationem S^' Thomas Mar-

tiris viz'' duodecimo die Julj anno Regni dn^*-' no''*'

Annio nunc lici^dii iMat;ii' Ihitan' etc. Octavo annoque Dom'

1709 Coram Itic'o Comit ilradloid Rob'to Corbett liarr' Will'o

Whitnioro 'JMiunue Joms Jnlui Lacon 'i'hoiiue llili liic'o

^lytton llob'to Clivo Jlartliu' J5calc llranco' Berkeley Joh'ie

Powell Ivolando llargli 'I'homic Hunt et Thomui Sandford Ar'.

Up to 1752 the month of January is, according to
the Old Style, always reckoned in the ])receding year ;
thus the Sessions following those held in October, 1709,
are recorded as taking place in January, 1709.

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE OOUNTY OF SALOP. 211

PART I. ADMINISTRATIVE.

In tlie reign of Queen Anne the expenditure controlled
by tlie Court seems to have been very trifling in amount;
tlie two chief items were the maintenance of vagrants
and the cost of bridges. At this period the former
varied from about ^210 per annum to .£280 [)eraiuium,
whilst the repair of the county biidges averaged about
£105 per annum. There are several entries which show
that the condition of the Gaol and the prisoners therein
was a constant source of trouble to the Court during
the wliole of the eighteenth centuiy. Witness the
many Orders on the subject which are found below : —

January, 171-4-15.

Whereas Complaints hath boon made to this Court by
William Church, Esq. present IliL,'"h SlicriHc of the County of
Salop That Bulklo}' Markworlh Esq. and his under Shcrill'e
(loo refuse to deUver the Posst'ssion of the Caol wliich was
built att the charge of the County upon the j^u-ound belonging
to the house of Correction unto the [)rosent SheritFe whereby
he cannot with safety koc[) the Prisoners whii^h have or may
be committed to him or his Gaoler. And this Court takeing
into Consideration hath thouglit litt and doth liereby Order
that uj)on sight of this Order tlie said late Sheriil'e or Gaoler
doe deliver to the said present SiierilVe or his Gaoler the key
of the Gate or lirst door of the (Jaol and also do on or before
the Nineteenth day of this instant deliver the Possession of
the whole gaole to the said present Slierille or his gaoler and
it is hereby ordered accordingly.

July, 171 G.

Upon Complaint made to this Court by Joan Cnnnpton
Widow Gaoler for the County Gaol of this County of Salo[)
(Jomplayning of several in'i\L;ulaiities and misbehaviors of the
jirisonersin said (Jaol and that they fre(|ucntly send for strong
Liquors out of the town into the Gaol sitt upp late gett drunk
and very often insult antl abuse the said Gaoler and her
Servants and disturb other Prisoners. And doc pretend that
the (Jarrctts au'l sevorall of the other Koomes (U the Prisoners
find their own beds) are free from paying anything to the said
Gaoler. And have thrown out the (faoler"* out of some of the
Uoomes and ))Utt inn their own beds and doe refuse to pay
anything for the same. And doc lock up[) the Doorca and

212 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COUHT OF

keep the Gaoler out of sevcrall of tlie Roomes pretending they
have a right so to doc. And also complayning that some of
the prisoners that have bods of their own in the Gaol doe take
otlier prisoners to lye with them. And take money of the
prisoners for their lodgeing and thereby exclude the said
Gaoler from haveing any benefitt from the said Prisoners.
Anci by several rude and ill practices and behaviours of the
said Prisoners doe deprive the said Gaoler from making any
advantage of the said Gaol. Altho the said Gaoler hath
A. b. T. Seventy prisoners for debt belonging to the said Gaol
and hath given great security for the said Gaol and is att great
expense in kee})ing servants and persons to look after the said
Prisoners and Gaol.

This Court taking this matter into Consideration and upon
reading the former orders made by this Court for the Settling
the Gaol and the Hates for Lodging for the said Prisoners hath
thought fitt and doth lierby order that the Rates for Lodging
shall be as foUoweth (that is to say) That three })ence per week
be paid for every prisoner that Lyeth in the Comon Garetts
(which Garretts are those in that Syde of the Gaol which are
next the Raven and joyn to the house of Correct'on and doe
Lye over the kitchen and the Rooms now used for the
Chappell),and in all other Garretts where the Prisoners Lye on
their own bedds one Shilling per week. And if any prisoners
Lye two or more in a bedd to })ay one Sliilling per week each
and if any Prisoners Lye in the Garretts one the Gaolers bed
to pay one Shilling Sixpense each Prisoner as if he Lay in
any other Roome one pair of Stairs the Comon Garrett oncly
exce[)ted and the former Ord'' to stand ratifyed and Confirmed
to pay the same rates in all other roomes in the said Gaol as
are mentioned in the said former Orders cxce[)t what is
hereby particularly orderetl and directed. And further that
the said Gaoler her under Gaoler 'J'urnkey and Servants doe
likewise take care of and prevent all Mutines and disorders
that may happen in the said CJaol for the future, and in Order
thereto to prevent Strong Jvitpiors to be brought unto the
prisoners into the said Gaol to disorder them and breed
Mutines and disturbances. And it is hereby ordered accord-
ingly.

April, 1783.

A Fine ot two thousand Pounds having been laid upon the

Inhabitants of this Coun'y at last Summer Assizes for not

providing a proper Place to hold the Courts in ; and an Act of

Parliament having been lately obtained for erecting a Shiro

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP, 213

and Guildhall for the County of Salop aud town of Shrewsbury
for the Purpose of hokUng the Assizes and Public greetings for
the said County and town which is immediately to be carried
into execution. ]t is ordered that Mr. Loxdale do make
applications the first day of next terra or as soon as conveniently
may be to the Court of Exchequer to get the said Fine
disciiarged.

Under 23 Georg-e III., cap. 20 (1783), the Assessors
of the Land Tax were appointed Commissioners for the
})iirpose of erecting a new Shirehall, and w^ere empowered
Lo assess and levy a rate for that object ; it is provided
that the rate shall be levied in due proportion to the
assessment to the Land Tax for the time being. In
the Order of the Court, which is set out below, a rate of
Gd, in the £ is ordered ; the figures in the first column
of the schedule give the Land Tax in each Hundred,
whilst the second cohunn gives the Shirehall rate to be
paid, which, it will be found, amounts to {- of the Land
Tax in each case. What the bearing of the fractions
given in many instances after the pence of the Shirehall
rate may be, I cannot explain.

In April, 1784, a further rate of 6d., and in the
following April one of 3d. were laid under this Act.

In January, 1786, it was decided to seek for an
Amending Act, which should include powers for the
erection of a new Gaol (see below), and in April of the
same year a rate of 2d. was levied under the new Act,
and another of 3d. in the following June.

May, 1783.

Upon reading the Certificate in writing under the hands of
eight of the Commissioners ajipointcd to carry into Execution
an Act lor building a new Shiic Hall and Guildhall for the
County of Salop and town of Shrewsbury in the said County
and for the other purposes therein mentioned to the Justices
of the Peace stating that it would be necessary to raise the sum
of Six[)ence in the Pound through the said County for the
Purposes in the said Act mentioned for the lirst year beginning
the twenty-fifth day of March One thousand Soven himdred
and eighty three. The Court hath thought tit and doth hereby
rate and assess upon every town Parish or Place within the
said County, and also upon the town and liberties of Ludlow

214 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COURT OF

the Sum mentioned in the said Certificate in the manner
following and direct the same to be paid to tlie treasurer of
the said Commissioners to be appHcd to the [)urposcs of the
said Act.

a.

1 £

s.

11.

£

S. (1.

7'."'^

Munslnw ...-ICAl

It

4

:):!()

4 :{.'.

•_'u'/^

Oswestry ..'JldO

14

7

2i;-_'

11 '.'VVs

- 1''/~

Overs ... (iii7

•2

0

7.S

7 'J

7',

Piiiiiiill .. 1 mi;

it

4

1S7

1 r>

<il

I'urslow ..n-_>2

2

•)

177

1.-. -A]

sv'-. ,

vSlireusluuy iihil

8

ti

3'.).'.

1 1 U,'

1)

StotcsdL-n... 'iS.V)

11

{■)

:r>v,

IS 11}

7 ^.

Weiilock ... \r>jl
Total

12

4

VJ.i

1!) (»!

£.m72

_ o_ JvV«

I £ .«. (l.i il s.

r.nulfur.l Xortli l.-JOl-J r> (»'. I'.ll 0

I'.i.ulfonl Suiith l'J»7(i 1 ir.Sni) 10

Mriil^MiurtliTuuii! ;!l(i 1 1 1 | 4;i .'i

UiiiiKstrcv .! 17!)". 1 0 lH 7

Cliirl)iiry .1 071 1(1 2J !s:{ 111

Chill I (;ti7 !» 11 ' 7.') IS

Cnndover .. 1 17X0 10 0 •2±2 11

Kor.l I i:u:! a 9 107 is

Liullow I '2-2{.\ -2 0 ' '-'S .".

October, 1785.

WHEREAS the Grand Jury at the Assizes and General
Gaol Deliverj held for the County of Salop on Tuesday the
twcnty-tliird Day of July last did present that the Gaol
belonging to tlic Said County was inconvenient and insullicient
that tlic Idacc wherein it is situate is improper and tliat it
ought to be removed to some other [)art of the Count}', Ordered
that Notice be given in the Shrewsbury Taper of such
Presontment having been made, that the Place to which such
Gaol is int(;udL(l to be removed is a large Garden, Part of the
Estate of 'I'homas Jelf Powys c)f IJcrwick, Es(piire, situate on
the North West side of the Quarry in the Parisli of St. Chad
in the Said County, And that the Justices of the Peace in and
for the Said County intend to take the Same into Consideration
at the next cn^suiug C.ieneral Quarter Sessions (to wit) the
tenth Day of January next.

January, 1786.

Gaul and House of Correction.

At this Court upon tlic (()iiestions being put, That an
Application be made next Session to Parliament for an Act
for building a Gaol and House of Correction for this County
and the several Jurisdictitais within the same. Unanimously
resolved in the AlKrmative. That the Ex[)eiise thereof be
charged uiion Lamled Pro[)erty m the same iManner as of the
Shire and Guild Hall.

llesolved in the Aflirmative.

That the e.^[)ense thereof be defrayed by the Tenant.

Resolved in the Negative.

Tlial, I ho ex[)euse thereof be; defrayed jointly by the Jiamllord
and Tenant.

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 215

Resolved in the Negative.
Unanimously resolved that Advertisements should be
inserted in the Shrewsbury and IJirminghani Papers for a
]\Iceting of the Noblemen, Gentlemen, Clergy, and Freeholders,
of this County to be held at the Courthouse in Shrewsbury on
Friday the Twentieth Day of January Instant at Eleven
o'clock in the Forenoon in order to have the sense of the
County at large upon the foregoing Questions.

January, 1792.

Ordered that a proper Stocks, Pillory, and Whipping post be
provided for this County under the direction of Edward
Pembcrton and Thomas Eyton, Esquires, if the Court of
Quarter Sessions for the town and Liberties of Shrewsbury
consent to Pay one-half of the Expense, And that the Treasurer
for the said County pay the other half of the said Expense.

7th October, 1800.
Vagrant Alloivance.

Ordered, that the several rates hereafter mentioned, be
allowed the resjjective Constables within this County, for (sic)
substituting and conveying vagrants and no others, (that is to
say)

For conducting one or more J on Foot, Id.")

vagrants ... ... ... ( on one Horse, 3d. |

For cnnducting any number of S

vagrants in a Cart or Waggon V ... 3d.

for each Horse ... ... J

i Lodging per night
J lireakfa
j Dinner
\ Su})[)ur

Sucking children only exce[)ted ; and the charge is to be for
the nundier of measured miles, from tlie ))lace were the
vagrants were received to the place were they are to be
delivered, and it is hereby ordered accordingly.

l)j the Court.

WlNQFIELD, C.P.

1-1 1 ,1 j-»i uiiiv last

<or each vairrnnt

yi:)er

onile.

1
J

. 2d.

. 4c].

..

. 5.1.

. 7d.

216 LEAVES FROM THB RECOllDS OF THE COURT OF

The Older set out below marks the commencement
of the Finance Committee, a body through whose
hands in later times passed all such business of the
Court as related to the administration of the County
Rate. For many years prior to the transfer of the
Administrative business of the County to the County
Council this Committee was unlimited in numbers, and
on it were placed all Magistrates who wished to take
an active part in County Administration.

7tli January, 1801.

It is unanimously resolved that twelve Justices bo appointed
at the Epiphany Sessions Yearly as a Committee, three to meet
at 12 o'clock at noon on the Monday in every Session week at
the Gaol and the Hall and examine all accounts of the
treasurer and Gaol and transact all other public business not
usually done in open Court and report such of their
proceedings as they shall think proper to the Justices the
following day. That it be an open Committee and that all
Magistrates who attend may have voices and tliat the following
magistrates be now appointed for the four following Sessions
(viz)

Easter. Trinity.

Sir Corbet Corbet, Bart. Dr. Goedrige.

^Ir. Turner Edwards. Dr. Harwod.

^Ir. Eyton. Mr. Hunt,

^lichs. Ejjjjdiany.

Mr. E. Kynaston. Mr. Hocke.

Mr. Rbt. Lloyd. Mr. Wilding.

Archd. Plymley. Mr. Wickstead.

October, 1822.

It is ordered that tlie Clerk of the Peace write to the
Visiting Justices requesting them to meet at the Gaol on
Monday next the 20th of October 1822 at eleven o'clock to
adopt such temporary measures as may appear to them
desirable to guard against that immorality with reference to
the Female Prisoners which there a[)[)ears to thu Court too
iruicli reason to believe has hitherto j)revailed, and also
requesting tl)cir })articular attention to the Locking \\y of the
Female Prisoners. That the attention of llio Visiting
Magistrates bo also called to tlio fre(juent ins[)ection of the

IC

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 217

Bread. It appearing by the account of that article presented
to tlie Visiting Justices of the last Quarter that the Quantity
of 1^'lour consumed from the 15th day of July 1322 to the
5th day of October both inclusive produced 13,963 pounds of
Bread. Tliat tlie prisoners consumed within the same period
13,548 pounds which ought to have left in hand on the 5tli
day of October 1822 415 pounds of Bread. That this
deficiency is said to arise by the Bread weighing more
immediately after baking than when delivered to the Prisoners
and by the Statute " all Loaves complained of for want of
weight must be weighed within twenty-four hours after baking."
That the attention of the Visiting Justices be also called to the
printed order of Michaelmas Sessions 1821 in general and
particularly to the supply of articles for the Gaol being done by
Competition as there stated it appearing that the prices of
some articles of apparent equal quality have varied very
considerably.

That the Visiting Justices be further requested to direct
that all tradesmen and others furnishing articles for the Gaol
deliver their bills and accounts to the Gaoler at least fourteen
days before the Sessions. That such of them as require the
Certiticate of the County Surveyor or Gaoler or both
respectively bo obtained between that time and the Wednesday
before the Sessions and that the same be then ready to be laid
before the Visiting Justices for Examination.

That they be also requested to report at the next General
Quarter Sessions of the Peace to be holden for this County
tluMr opinion as to the best mode of carrying into effect the
suggestions of the Gaol Committee for providing a retired
allowance to Mr. Cartwright for his long services at the Gaol.
That they be also requested to call before them David Jones
and Thomas Campion two of the Subordinate Officers of the
Gaol and to carry into effect the wishes of this Court by
severely reprimanding the said David Jones and Thomas
Campion for improper Conduct in their respective situations,
namely occasional Drunkenness in both and probable
immorality on the part of David Jones. That they be also
requested to call before them Richard Price and communicate
to him the order of this Court that he be dismissed from his
situation of Schoolmaster and Clerk at the Gaol in Consequence
of his Drunkennes!5 and immoral conduct in such situation,

July, 182G.

The Visiting Justices haviug reported tliat a Complaint was
made some time ago that Constables frequently deliver tlieir
Vol. III., 2ad S. ■ ^Xj

218 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COURT OF

Prisoners in a State of intoxication, and were themselves
intoxicated, and tlic Magistrates had been requested to notice
the fact to the Constables in their respective Districts, and
that sucli notice if given, had not been attended with the
desired effect, Ordered that the Gaoler mention tlie fact when
it occurs in his receipt and that the Magistrates be directed to
refuse the expenses of such Constables as are guilty of a
repetition of the offence.

October, 1828.

It having been stated to this Court by ^Ir. Chairman that a
convicted Felon of tlie name of Caney liad comj>lained to the
Sheritl tliat Hayward a Police Olhcer of Shrewsbury had
forcibly taken money from him (Caney) and detained the sum
together witli divers Goods. That the Sherii! had communicated
such complaint to the Magistrates of Shrewsbury and a
Committee of the Corporation of Shrewsbury appointed to
consider the state of the Police. That the Committee had
brought forward the charge against Hayward in their Report to
the Corporation at large leaving the investiLjations of the same
to tlie Alagistrates who had reported to the Corporation that
Hayward liad produced Caney's own receipt for a part of the
mone}', and the Gaoler's recei})t for the other part thereof, and
that the goods had been disposed of according to the directions
of the Magistrates. It is ordered that it be referred to the
Visiting Justices for the ensuing Quarter to investigate the
circumstances relative to the J^Ioney jjaid by Caney to Hayward
and by Hayward to the Gaoler and to Pie))ort thereon. And
Mr. Chaiiinau having furtlier stated to this Court that the
Sherilt had stated that lie had heard from the Gaoler that a
general practice liad prevailed of Constables retaining money
taken Irom Prisoners. It is ordered that the Visiting Justices
inquire into such practice and report thereon.

January, 1821).

^ THE COMMITTEE of Magistrates appointed at Michaelmas
Sessions 1827 to enquire into the ffees and allowances to the
clerk of the Peace, to ascertain their Origin, tlic Authority
under which tliey are Collected, and their Amount, report as
follows: — Your Committee obtained in the first ])lace a very
able Statement from Mr. Loxdale of the Origin and Authority,
duties and fees of the Clerk of tlie Peace, which they earnestly
recomiiu'ud to the perusal of tlu; Magistrati's of this CountV
and cannot forbear adding their ojiinion liiat it would bo
higldy desirable to preserve it as a publie <io(!um(!iit for

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 219

reference hereafter. They next procured returns from several
neighbouring Counties of the steps that had been taken in
eacli of them for arranging such foes, and finally obtained a
second return from jMr. Loxdalo containing a more full and
explanatory statement of all fees demanded by him as Clerk
of the Peace, with the grounds upon wliich such demand were
made whether by Custom, Act of Parliament, or Order of
Sessions; the result of the enquiry is shortly this: That out
of one hundred and seven dilferent IVccs mentionetl in the
return alluded to, eighty five are inserted in a Table handed
down to the present Clerk of the Peace by his Predecessor in
OfiBce, and appear to have been sanctioned by the Court of
Quarter Sessions in the year 1700 ; out of these eighty five
however one (a Certificate to the Jjord Chancellor of loss by
ffire) has been since abolished ; another (for regulating a
Conventicle) is not now received, and three are also by Acts of
Parliament by means of which the amount of two of them are
cncreased. The following thirteen fees are all sanctioned by
Acts of Parliament. The 99th fee is entered in the Return as
directed to be of such an Amount as the Quarter Sessions
shall order, but it does not appear that any specific order has
been made in consequence. The following six fees have a
sanction for each under an Act of Parliament but the Amount
of them is not permanently fixed. The 106th fee (on deposit-
ing the plan book of reference Szc. of an intended new Turn})ike
Road, Canal &c. agreeably to the Standing Order of the House
of Commons) iloes not appear to rest U[)on any distinct
authority, but it should be observed that the sum of one
guinea has been invariably paid in Shropshire upon this
account, and that upon referring to the Return from Warwick-
shire, which return has been sanctioned by the Lord Chief
Justice, and t,he Chief JJaron, two guineas are allowed upon
this item ; and the last charge being that to the Magistrates
for taking out their dedimus and other assistance on becoming
Justices of the Peace, appears to have no sanction from any
authority but to be received by Mr. Loxdale in his capacity of
a Solicitor and not as Clerk ot the Peace, the amount jiaid also
upon this charge a[)pears to dider very considerably, and it is
therefore clear that it is at the option of every gentleman
intending to qualify as a Magistrate to make use of Mr.
Loxdale's experience or not, as he may think ])roper.

Tiie net amount after deducting all charges incidental to the
office of the profits derived by the ('lerk of tiie Peace for the
thiitylwi) years from 1792 to 1S23 inclusivo a[)[)ears to bo
£13,525, which will produce an annual income of £422 13s. lid.

220 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COURT OF

Your Committee here beg leave to observe that Mr. Lox-
dale's income as Clerk of the Peace is derived from two distinct
sources, the fees above alluded to, and County allowances ; the
latter form about three fourths of the whole and from their
Nature fluctuate depending upon the descri[)tion of the duties
and time required for their performance, such as attendance
upon Magistrates, advice in liitlicult cases, trouble in ascertain-
ing the liability concerning the rejjair of Bridges and matter
connected with it. It should be observed likewise in this case
that comparing these charges upon the County allowances
with similar charges by professional men it will be found that
they are computed upon a much lower scale than is in Common
Tracticc, and also it nmst be remarked thaL being Quarterly
submitted to the Cognizance of the Magistrates and by them
audited they are immediately brought under their control.

Your Committee take the liberty of stating also in this
place that it aj)pears by the opinion which they have seen of
several Judges that any mode of remunerating tlie Clerk of
the Peace by a regular and fixed salary is illegal, and that any
rate fur that purpose could by no means be enforced by any
existing Act of Parliament.

To sum up the whole your Committee cannot refrain from
stating that this enquiry has been, to their minds, highly grati-
fying, proving to their satisfaction not only that Mr. Loxdale's
charges have been warranted by Custom or Acts of Parlia-
ment but that in point of fact with regard to their Amount
they have been considerably below the expenditure of several
neighbouring Counties.

Your Committee were here })repared to liave closed their
report with the ex[)ression of a hope that they might not be
considered as outstepj)ing their line of duty, if they presumed
respectfully to recommend to the Court the adoption of the
present table of fees as those which should constitute the
demand in future to be made by the Clerk of the Peace for
the Acts done to which they refer, and in the event of such
an adoption that they should be submitted to the Judges for
their sanction, And having received that should be without
delay printed and made public. But in a final Communication
with Mr. Peelc who were in attendance u[)on the Committee
as Mr. Loxdale's representative, it was suggested by that
gentleman tiiat many cases were constantly occurrin"" under
recent Acts of Parliament (and mij^ht still be expected to
occur under ensuing ones) which called for tlie services of the
Clerk of the Peace, and for which the present table of fees
made no provision ; it was also suggested tliat from tlio very

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 221

distant period to which the existence of the present table of
fees could for the most part be traced many of them were not
in the present day adequate to the ducy performed and more-
over that by tlic 57th (ieurge III. thu Court of (Quarter Sessions
have power "^iveu them to make such order in respect of fees
as shall by them be deemed expedient.

Your Committee therefore under these suggestions feel
bound t j submit them to the consideration of the Court at
large, and to leave it to them to determine upon such steps as
shall seem best ada[)ted to set this im[)ortant (^)uestion at rest
and to place it upon a footing which shall leave no room for
future doubts or misunderstanding.

Signed Thos. Ken yon, Chairman-
R. H. Clive.
Wm. Hopkins.

March, 1853.

Upon the motion of the Chairman, Panton Corbett Esqre.,
seconded by the Honourable Robert Henry Clive, M.P., It is
resolved

That the order of the Court of Quarter Sessions held on the
twenty eighth day ot June one thousand eight hundred and
fifty two on the subject of the Clerk of the Peace's fees and
allowances be and it is hereby rescinded.

That in future subject to the approval of the Right Hon'^^®
the Secretary of State the Clerk of the Peace be paid a salary
of Five hundred pounds per annum in lieu of all fcer. and
allowances from the County, such salary to include all charges
as Clerk of the Peace and as Clerk to the Magistrates on their
diilerent Committees as Solicitor to the County Agents charges
and Postages, but exclusive of fees to Counsel, stamp duty,
travelling expenses out of the County when necessary and
which are to be paid in addition to the Salar}', and should any
very special case arise, tlie Court will be disposed to take all
the circumstances of the case, and the duties performed by the
Clerk of the Peace into their further consideration.

April, 1832.

Resolved, That this Court is of opinion The County Magis-
trates have no alternative but to ahido by the opinion of Sir
.lames Sfiirlelt, and coiitinuo to asscs.s tlu; inhabitants of the
town and Lilxirlies of Hridgnorlh to (lie (Mineral Coimty Kate.
And lh;it the (U(.:rk of the Peace Ijo aiuhori/ed U) take such

222 LKAVKS FROM Til 10 UKCUllDS OF THE COURT OF

steps as are necessary for defending every Magistrate who may
be proceeded against for levying the County rate in Bridgnorth.
It is also resolved that Mr. \V. Whitmore be requested to
mention to the inliabitants of Bridgnorth that if their objection
to p<'^3'ing the County Rate be on the ground of inequality,
That this Court is ready and willing to consider whether tliey
are unequally rated and if an inequality appears to make such
alteration as may be necessary.

The following is the operative })art of the Order
combining the various parishes within the county into
Highway Districts, under the then recent Act of 1862.
The Order was made by the Court under its compul-
sory powers and in spite of considerable opposition in
some quarters ; the principle then adopted has, how-
ever, been repeatedly recognized by the Legislature,
and will probably form part of any scheme for the for-
mation of District Councils which may become law in
the future.

March, 1863.

For the more convenient management of Highways, such
parts of the said County as are in that behalf specified in the
schedule hereunder written shall be divided into Highway
Districts :

Such Highway Districts shall be twelve in number and shall
be known by the several names in that behalf mentioned in
the schedule :

The several parishes to be united in each of the said
Districts shall be respectively the Parishes named in the said
schedule under the head of such districts.

In the said several Parishes (the same being respectively
Parishes which se{)aratuly maintain their own poor) the Town-
ships, Hamlets, or Places into which such Parishes respectively
are divided (and which are in the said schedule named in con-
nection therewith uuder the head of Townships) and each of
which separately maintains its own Highways shall be com-
bined, and no separate Waywardens shall be elected for such
Townships, Hamlets, or Places or any of them, but each of the
said Parishes respectively shall bo subject to the same liabili-
ties m respect of all the liighways within it which were before
maiatained by such Townships, Hamlets, and Places separately,

QUARTER SKSSIONS FOIl TUK COUNTY OF SALOP. 223

as if all their several liabilities had attached to the whole
I^arish and a Waywarden, or Waywardens, as hereinafter
mentioned shall be elected for each such Parish as a whole.

Each Parish shall elect the number of Waywardens specified
by the number set opposite to the name of such Parish in the
said schedule. The place at which the first Meeting of the
Highway l^oard is to be held in each such District shall be the
place in that behalf mentioned at the head of such Districts
in the Schedule.

In each of the several places next hereinafter named in
which respectively no Surveyor of Highways has prior to this
order been elected, a Waywarden shall be elected by such
persons, and at such Meeting and time, and in the Manner and
subject to the same qualification and the same power of
appointment in the Justices in the event of no election taking
place, or in the event of a vacancy at in and subject to which
a person to serve the office of Surveyor would have been
required to be chosen or aj)j)ointed if such place had been a
Parish maintaining its own Highways within the meaning of
the. Act of Parlianujut (5 and 0 W 4, c. f^O) for consolidating
and amending the laws relating to Highways in that part of
Great llritain called England, that is to say, Haughmondo
Diiiiiosni^ Woodhouso, Diumoro, Hordcrley Hall, fiudlow
Cast It!, Ileaili Farm, Halston Hill End, Old Church Moor,
Skirmage, and Poscobel, And it is by this j)rcsent Court also
ordered as aforesaid, that the said Provisional Order as so
Y.iricd, bo and the same is by this Final Order confirmed ; —
And it, is hereby further Ordered that the first Meet nig of the
Highway Poani for the Condover and Oswestry District shall
respectively be held on the sixth day of April ne.\t, at twelve
o'clock at Noon, That the first Meeting of the Highway
Board for the Church Stretton District be held on the ninth
day of April next, at twelve o'clock at Noon. That the first
Aleeting of the Highway Board for the Pimhill District be held
on the thirteenth day of April next, at twelve o'clock at Noon.
That the first Meeting of the Highway ]')Oiird for the Ludlow
District be held on the Second day of April next, at twelve
o'clock at Noon. And that tlie first Meeting of the several
Highway Boards for the respective Districts of Bridgnorth,
Cleobury, Mortimer, and Kidderminster, Bishop's Castle,
Drayton, Newport, The Wrckin, and Wem, be respectively
helcl at 12 o'clock at Noon, on the sixth day after the first
Election of Waywardens, in riirsnanee of the first above
mentioned Act of Parliament, for the said several Districts
respectively, unless such sixth day shall liap])en to be (ioo(i

224 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COURT OF

Friday or a Sunday, and in such case such first meeting shall
be held at twelve o'clock at Noon on the seventh day next
after such Election.

By the Court.

John Loxdale,

Clerk of the Peace for the ('ounty of Salop.

End of Part I.

PART II. JUDICIAL AND POLICE.
October, 1710.

LI])on producing the Charters of the Cor[)orac'()n of ljislio[)ps
Castle by M"" John Jones of Colebntch one of the Lurgosscs oi
Lishopps Castle showing that tlie Lurgesses of Lishopps Castle
are exempted from serving on Jurys either att the Assizes or
Sessions or elsewhere out of the Corporacion Itt is therefore
ordered by the Court that the said John Jones be discharged
for the future irom scrveing on jurys and the Sheriffes of the
County of Salop for the future are hereby required not to
return the said John Jones any more to serve on jurys either
att tiie Assizes or Sessions or elsewhere and the said .lolm
Jones is hereby discharged from scrveing on juiys accordingly.

At the Michaelmas Sessions, 1712, articles of the
Peace were exhibited ao-uinst the Clerk of the Peace
for the Coiuity, and he was arraigned at tlie January
Sessions, 1712-13, and discharged.

Very little trace Is to be found in the Orders of the
Court of the political commotions which disturbed the
country during the reigns ol' the 1st and 2nd George;
here are two of the few instances to the contrary,

October, 1722.

W'lllOliEAS Complaint and iuionriation u[)on oath hath
been given to this Court that Thoiiias i'eakcs was a prisoner
in the Custody of (Jleorge Downes (Jaoler of this C!ounty is (sic) a
person very much DisalVccted to his Majesty King (Jeorge and
iiis (lovernment And haih lately Endeavoured to Alienate tlie

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 225

Effection^ of otlier his Arajestyes Subjects and to Encourage
tliem to withdraw their Allegiance from his Majesty by speaking
contemptuosly of him and L)y drinking the Pretender's health
by the Name of King James the third, tlic (Jourt liatli
therefore tliought (itt and dotli order that the said gaoler of
this (bounty doth keep tlic said John Peake in safe custody soe
that bee may have him before liis IMajcstyes Justices of Assize
att the next Assise and Gencrall Gaol Delivery to bee held for
the said County of Salop — then and there to answere the
premises unless in the meantime he shall bee thence Discharged
by due Course of Law.

April, 1727.
WHEREAS it was proved this day upon oath unto this
Court that Edward Martin of Cosford in this County yeoman
a reputed I'apist was by virtue of Warrant under the hands
and Scales of William ftbrester and Edward Jordan Esq" two
of his Majesty^ Justices of the Peace for the said county of
Salop bearing date the sixth day of this Instant Aprill upon
the seventh day of the said month duly sumoned to appeare
before the said Justices this Eleventli day of this Instant
Aprill at the town hall in Shrewsbury betweene the lioures of
nine and tv^elve of the clock in the aforenoone of the same
day then & there to take and subscribe the Oath contained
and appointed to bee taken in and by an Act of Parliament
made at Westminster in the flirst year of liis present i\Iaiesty'^
reign Entitled an Act for the further Security of his Majesty'^
Person and Government and the succession of the Crown in
the heirs of the late Princess Sophia being Protestants and for
Extinguishing the hopes of the prentended Prince of Wales
and his 0[)cn and Sccrett Abettors and this said Edward
Martin not appearing according to the said summons which
the said Justices Certified and Informed the said Court and
the said Edward Martin being duly called three sevcrall times
and he not appearing to take the said Oaths the Court
therefore ordered the same to be recorded and the same is
therein Recorded accordingly.

The followiiijr five Orders show tlie punishments
nnost in vojj^ue under Georire Ji. and Geori/c III. for
the class of oirences which then, as now, most usually
came within tlio cogni/tinco of l\u^ ('ourts of Quarter
Sessions.

Vol. 111., -J 11(1 S. cc!

226 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE CuURT OF

I do not find any mention of the punishment of the
Pillory in the Orders of Court later than the case of
James Southall in 17G7, as set out below, nor does any
woman appear to have been 'pnhUcUij whipped by order
of the County Sessions since Margaret Owen and
Elizabeth Owen suffered in 1785.

13th July, 1731.

Before Thomas Hunt, John Waleott, William Lacon Childe,
Robert Lloyd, Kielid. Lystcr, Henry Edwardes, Godolphin
Edwardes, Robert ^lore, Edward Jordan, John Thomas, Thomas
Lan,i,dey, Thomas Severn.

Juli'ii lia</hes, labourer, and Mary liohhison, spinster, being
severall)' indicted and found t^uilty of Tetty Larceny Ordered
that they be severally whipped at the Whip}iinii^ Post at the
Markett Tlace, viz. the said John Hughes fortliwith and to be
then discharged without paying any fees and the said Mary
Robinson upon Saturday next at full Markett, and then to be
discharged paying her fees.

January, 17G7.

James Southall being indicted fur an assault upon Mary
Ijlewitt with an intent to ravish her, and found guilty ordered
That he stand in and upon the Pilory one hour, between twelve
and two next Saturday at Shrewsbury, on Monday the 2Gth
instant, at Wenlock, on Saturda}^ the 31st at Bridgnorth, for
the same at each place and be then discharged.

July, 1782.

Ordered that Sarah Ford now in the House of Correction
for this County be led from the blouse of Correction in
Shrewsbury down to the Market House and round the Market
House with a Label affixed to her back with the following
words: 'Sarah Ford a notorious Cheat" on Saturday next
between the hours of twelve and one in the Afternoon and
then be severely i)rivatclj whipped till her back is bloody and
passed to her Settlement.

12th July, 1785.

Before E'^ Pemberton, John Kynaston, John Gardner,
Thomas Harries, Rowland Hunt, W™ Smith, Adam Ottlcy,
Esq'^*, Thomas Edwardes, John Powell, (Jeorge Scott, Edmund
Dana, 1']'' heighton, Thomas Purr}', and Iv' Ihirries, Clerks.

Kllzabdit Bou'i/cr being duly convicted of Petty jjarceny it
is Ordered that she be once j»rivately whipped and discharged.

QUARTER SESSIONS FOIt THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 227

Robert Williams and Margaret Owen wife of Joseph Owen
being duly convicted of Petty Larceny it is ordered that they
be once piihlickhj whipped and imprisoned till they find sureties
for keeping the Peace and being of Good Leliaviour towards
the King and all his liege People.

EHzabcth Owen anil Kdward Jones being duly convicted of
Petty Larceny it is ordered tiiat they be once yuhlicldy
whip[)ed and imprisoned till they find sureties for keeping the
Peace and boinof of Good Boliaviour towards the Kincr and
all his liege People.

July 15th, 17S8.

Defore l']dwaril Pemborton, John Kynaston, Thomas
d'Avenant, Thomas Eyton, Thomas Harries, E'^ Harries, Th°^
Knight, Hub' ^fore, Adam Ottley, W^^ Smith, Estf^^ and
Edmund Dana, Thomas ICtlwanls, E*^ Leighton, John Robert
Lloyd, Thomas Parry, John Powell, and Geo. Scott, Clerks.

Ann Tindej being duly convicted ol Grand Larceny it is
Ordered that she be privately whipped, imprisoned on(i week,
and discharered.

The two following extracts speak for themselves and
require no comment.

April, 1S4L
Petty Sessions Bill.

To the Right Honourable tiie Lords Sfiiritual and Temporal
of the United Kingdom of Great Lritain ;uid Ireland in
Parliament assembled. The Humble j)etition of the under-
signed her ^L^jesty's Justices of the Peace of and for the
County of Salop in C^iuarter Sessions a.ssembled the liftli day of
A])ril, LS'U, sheweth That your [)etitioncrs attention has been
called to a Rill now before your Kight Honourable House
entitled an Act to make further })rovision for holding of
Special Petty Sessions and to provide for the s[)eedy and
Summary Trial and Punishment of offenders in certain cases.

That yoiu' [)etitioners crtiu-cive that it will be attended with
great uiconvcniencr! to all parlies concerned in the County of
Salop if it be imperative; that the Justices in each Division
shall hold a Sjx.cial Petty Sessions at the usual place of hold-
ing Petty Sessions in such Division once in ove'ry fourteen
Days lor iIk; Trial ol Ollfiidii-s chargi'd under iIks said Rill in
iheSecoud (!laus(! thert'of. Ami your pel ii iuiiers pruy that
instead thereof it may be inaoted that the .lu.slices in L^uarter

228 LEAVES f'ROM THE RECORDS OF THE COX7RT OF

Sessions in each County shall from time to time fix how often
in each Division such Petty Sessions sliall be held. Also that
they may have the power of directing that such Petty Sessions
may be held at some market town in each Division as well as
at the usual place of holding the Petty Sessions which your
petitioners thmk may in many instances be more convenient
to the Justices attending the same their Clerk the Prosecutors
and Witnesses. And your petitioners furtlier pray that
Justices acting under the said Bill may have power to commit
olVenders charged under the same to a Lock up house Gaol or
other pkace of safe custody in the County though not in tlie
Division for which such Justices may be ut the time acting
instead of being limited to commit to a Lock up house or
other place of safe custody within such Division as proposed
by Clause 12 of such Bill.

J. A. Lloyd Edward Smythe

J. T. Smitheman Edwardes Baldwin Leighton

J. W. Dod Thos. Lovett

Thos. C. Eyton Waties Corbett

J. Jiurton liorough W. W. Whitmore

Henry Justice R. C. Hill

Richard Noel Hill J. R. Kynaston

Rowland Hill H. P. T. Aubrey.

December, 1844.

The Chairman in consequence of the length of the Sessions
anil the consequent expense to the Comity and the incon-
venience to Jurors and Witnesses having called the attention
of the Magistrates to the subject with a view to remedying the
evil the court in acknowledgment of the Chairman's
suggestions and to facilitate the business of the County
Resolves that it is ex[)edient toa})point a Deputy Chairman in
aid of the Chairman ot Quarter Sessions. And it is further
resolved that the Cliairman be requested tu nominate and
secure the attendance of a Magistrate to occupy the Deputy
Chair at tlie (Quarter Sessions when the business of the County
requires such aid.

I have thoug'ht it well to group together at the close
of Dart n. a seiics of Orders relating to the establlsh-
iiiont of a (V)inity Doliee Korce. J liiive piai.-cHl lliese
Orders under th(; giMieral head of "Judicial" rather
tiiau of '• Adrniuistrative " business, since the duties

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR T>JE COUNTY OF SALOP. 229

of ilie Court in connection with the Pohce Force arose
primarily from the position of the Justices as Con-
servators of the Peace within the county, and not from
that of the Court as an executive body.

Oriyinally each Township or Parish elected a
constable and each Hundred a Head constable, and the
body thus formed were the only police force in existence
within the county. The iuefHciency of these rural
constables both for the preservation of order and for
the prevention or detection of crime was notorious, and
from time to time eftorts were made by individuals or
societies, such as that mentioned in the Order of
January, 1790, transcribed below, to bring about an
improved state of police organization. It was not,
however, untd 1833, when the riots which had been so
general throughout the country during the years
preceding the passing of the Reform Act were still
fresh in the recollection of all, that any help was given by
the Legislature. In that year powers were given for
the maintenance of a police force in certain parishes,
whilst two years later all municipal boroughs were
required to provide constabulary for duty within their
own limits. In 1839 an Act vvas passed which allowed
counties to raise and maintain a Police Force where the
ordinary officers for preserving the Peace were not
sufficient for the Preservation of the Peace, for the
Protection of the inhabitants, and for the security of
pro[)erty within the county. This Act was optional
only, but it was at once adopted in this and many
other counties, and was eventually made compulsory on
all in 185G.

January, 1790.

On reading a letter sent to the Clerk of the Peace for this
County by his Grace the Duke of Montagu as President of a
Society established in London for carrying into effect liis
Majesty's Proclamation for encouraging Piety and Virtue and
su[)[)ressing Vice urofaneness and immorality in which letter
the Society is pleased to rcconnncnd that two Magistrates
may bo delegated from every County to meet in London after

230 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF TUE COURT OF

Christmas, and during the Session of Parliament to adopt such
Ph\ns for a General reformation of the Police as shall be
thought most advisable.

It is unanimously resolved that the President and other
Members of the Society be requested to accept the sincere and
heartfelt acknowledgments of the Magistrates of this County
for their advise and strenuous exertions upon this occasion
and to rest assured that they will at all times be ready to co-
operate with the Magistrates of other Counties in giving etVcct
to such Ilesolutions as shall be thought most conducive to so
desirable an event. It is also unanimously resolved that the
Members for the County be desired to attend in London agree-
able to his Grace's Letter and to communicate from time to
time to the Chairman of the Quarter Sessions every informa-
tion U[)on io interesting and important a subject. It is also
unanimously resolved that a copy of these resolutions be trans-
mitted to the Right Hon^^'^ Edward Lord Clive, " Custos ilotu-
lorum" of this County and that his Lordship be requested to
communicate them to his Grace the UuKe of Montagu and the
Members for the County.

My Lord,

In obedience to an order of the last Court of Quarter
Sessions for this County I have enclosed your [jordship four
copies of the resolutions of the Magistrates upon the Dulco of
Montagu's Letter respecting his Majesty's late Proclamation
for encouraging [)iety and virtue and for preventing Vice pro-
raneness and Immorality.

I have the honour to be with the greatest respect
My Lord
Your Lordships Most ob"" and Ilumblo Sv''

Joseph Loxdale.
January, 1S32.

It was unanimously resolved that the cordial thanks of the
Magistrates assembled at this Quarter Sessions be presented
to the iliglit Honourable b]dward Earl of Powis Lord
Lieutenant and Custos Itutulorum of this County for the Zeal
and tinunoss ovincL'd and the |)rompl, and Judicious Measures
taken l)y liis Lordship for tiie prtjsiu-valion of the Public l*eaco
;iud llie protection ol property during the late occurrcMices in
the Shill'uall division of the hundred of lirhiiHtrec and the
Wellington Division of the Hundred of Bradfi)i(L It was

QUARTER SESSIONS FOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 23l

Unanimously resolved that the cordial thanks of the
Magistrates assembled at this Quarter Sessions be presented
to the Magistrates of the Shiflnall Division of the hundred of
Brhnstrce, and the Wellington Division of the hundred of
Bradford for their able and active exertions hy whicli the
peace of this County and the property of very many of its
inhabitants have been preserved.

It was Unanimously resolved that it would be highly
desirable to have a Police Force established in every parish
throughout this County and that the Right Honourable
Edward Earl of Powis Lord Lieutenant and Custos Kotulorum
of tliis County be requested to take such steps as he thinks
best for the purpose of Establishing such a force and to
Communicate with the right Honourable the Secretary of
State for the Home Department on the subject.

January, 1839.

Upon reading a letter from William Wolryche Whitmore
Escpiire, the High Sherift" of this County, to the Honourable
Thomas Kenyon, the Chairman of the Quarter Sessions for
this County, Resolved that in consequence of the present
inetticioncy of the Constabulary Force, arising from the great
increase of Population and the extension of the trade and
conuncrce of the Country, It is the opinion of tliis Court that
a body of Constables appointed by the Magistrates paid out
of the County rate and disposable at any point of the Shire
wliere their Services may be required wouhl be higlily
desirable as providing in the most efficient manner for the
prevention as well as detection of oll'ences, for the Security of
person, und property and for the constant preservation of the
Public Peace.

That the Chairman he requested to communicate this
resolution to the Right Honourable tlic Secretary of State for
the Home Department also to the High Sherilf of this County,
and to the Chairmen of Quarter Sessions of all other Counties.

December, 1839.

To the Most Honourable the Marquis of Normandy One of
Her M;ijosty's princi])al Secretaries of State.
We the undersigned being tlie majority of the Justices of
the IVaee lor the County of Sal:)[» in (Jeneral Quarter Sessions
assembled at Shrewsbury in and for the said County on
Momhiy the 30"' day of December, 1839, J)o liereby report to
your Lonlship that it has been made to appear to us as such

232 LEAVES FROM THE RECORDS OF THE COURT OF

Justices of the Peace as aforesaid tliat tlie ordinary ofHcers
for preserving the Peace are not sufficient for the Preservation
of the Peace (or the Protection of the inhabitants and for tlie
security of property within the said County and we do declare
that — one Chief Constable G Superintendents and 43 Petty
Constables are necessary in our opinion to be a])pointed within
the said County for the Preservation ot tlie Peace, for the
protection of the Inhabitants and for the security of property
within the said County, and we do further declare that in our
opinion it will bo expedient to pay the following rates of
Payment to the Chief and other Constables that is to say,

To the Chief Constable £300 per annum

To each Superintendent £78 per annum, with the power in
the Chief Constable of raising rhe Salaries of not exceeding
two of them to any sum not exceeding £104 per annum,

and

To each Constable 18/- per week with the power of the Chief
Constable raising not exceeding ten of them to any sum not
exceeding One Guinea per week each such last mentioned
addition not to take place until the Petty Constable to whom
it be made has served at least S months.

Thos. KenyonCMiairman W. E. JeiVreys Henry Burton

llum[)'' Saiulford Thos. Lovett Kich'^ Wy Snuth

\V. J[. Poole C. K iMainwaring J. 1). Pafdoe

Dungannon Thos. Payley Chas. Powell

Phil Morris W"^ Ans'tice Powis

J. A. Lloyd K. 11. C^livc* Tho^ N. Parker

J. V. Lovett U. P. T. Aubrey Rob' A. Slaney

Thomas Twemlow IJichard Mountford PaldwinLeighton

Thomas Whitmore T. C. Whitmore J. A. Moultrie

Piich*^ Corfield Sutherland J. R. Kynaston

AV. Hopkins Waties Corbett Chas. Walcot

Upon Reading the Report of the County Constables
Committee It is unanimously resolved and ordered by the
Court (inter alia) That a Committee of Three Magistrates be
nominated who shall examine the testimonials of the several
Candidates for the Office of Chief Constable make any other
inquiries which they may think requisite and finallyrecommend
to the Court for the appointment of Chief Constable the person
whom they shall judge to be the best qualitied for the office.

It is also further unanimously resolved and ordered by the
Court that the llon^''<= Tlios. Kcnyon (the Chairman) Sir Laldwin
Lcighton P>ar^ and William Woh-yche Whitmore Kqre do form
such Committee.

QUAHTKK ,Si:ssiON8 Foil Tllli COUNTY OF SALOP. 233

It is also ordered tliat CanAidiatcs be advertised for to fill
the office of Chief Constable under the direction of the above
Committee.

Also resolved upon the suggestion of W. W. Whitmoro, Esq.,
that it be strongly recoraniended to the Constables to provide
a fund for sickness and su[)eraniuiation out of their pay upcm
a fair and proper scale to be ascertained from an actuary.

Also Resolved unanimously that Sir Baldwin Lcighton, Bart.,
Sir Robt. Hill, Wm. Anstice, Esq., II. P. Aubrey, Esq., Thos.
Eyton, Es(p, J. A. Lloyd, Esq., and W. \V. Whitmore, Esq., be
a[)p()intud a Committee for one year exclusive of the Chairman
(who will act ex: ollicio) to be called " Tlie (Jouuty Constables
Committee" to give any information which may be desirable to
the Chief Constable and to receive from him any reports or Com-
munications which he may wish to address to the ^lagistrates.

Resolved that all Fees be accounted for by the Constables
to the County Treasurer, and that the Clerk of the Peace be
dii'cctol to take the requisite measures for carrying the Reso-
lutions and orders of the Court into eti'ect.

March, 1840.
ORDERED that the Honourable Thomas Ivenyon the Chair-
man be requested to apply to tho Most Hona^' the Marquess
of Normanby for the insertion in the Bill lately introduced to
amend the Constabulary Act of a Clause Sanctioning the
Formation of a Superannuation Fund by weekly Contributions
from their ])ay among the men upon Similar ])rinci[)les to
those adopted in the Meti'opolitan Police Act 2"^ and 3^*^
Victoria Sections 22 and 23 also lor the Exemption
of the Horses of the (Jonstubulary lu)rce from all taxes and
Tolls. Re.solved tiiat the ('hairman bo also requested to write
to all the Members for the County requesting them to watch
tlie new iJill,. and if C(A'eriHneut do not insert a clause to tho
efiect before mentioned tiiat they bo re([Uosted to pnss tlie
insertion thertjof. That the Chairman be recpiested to inti-
mate in his Communication to the i\Iarquess of Normanby
that tliis Court is of opinion that it would tend to Stimulate
and Promote tho efficiency of the Constabulary Force if there
was another Grade of Officers between the Superintendents
and Common Constables.

The two next papers lecorcl attempts, one succe.ssful,
the other ultimately luisuccessful, to provide for the
nieroer of the i)olice forces for the Borouolisof'i^ridiiiiorth
;ui(l Oswestry in that of (he (yOiinty. Tiiis has now been
a(;eonij)lishe(l by tin; liocal (jJoveninient Act of IS8d.

234 LEAVE.S FROM THE llECORDS OF THE COURT OF

May, 1^550.

The Agreement with the Borough of Bridgnorth for the
consoIi(hition of their police with that of the County was
ap])roveJ and signed by the Justices present and by the Clerk
of the Peace.

(The following is a copy of the i\greeiuent) ;

It is agreed this thirteenth day of May one thousand eight
hundred and tifty between Pier Majestys Justices of the Peace
of and for the County of Salop in General Quarter Sessions
assembled on the one hand and tJie j\layor Aldermen and
Burgesses of tlie Borough of Bridgnorth i'n the said County
for their Council on the other hand as follows That is to say

That the said County and Borough Police Establishments
shall from and after the date hereof be consolidated into one
Polic(; establishment pursuant to an act passed in the third
and fourth years of Her present Majesty's reign Cap. 88.
That the Chief Constable shall appoint all Constables to be
emi)h)ycd in the said Borough in the same way as he appoints
Constables for the said County. That tlie services of one
Constable shall be principally employed in the said Borough
and removed therefrom only on special occasions.

That the Superintendent of the County Police resident in
the said Borough shall as far as is consistent with his duty in
other parts of his district assist in the preservation of the
Peace and protection of property within the said Borough.

That the Chief Constable shall from time to time report the
name of the Constable ajjpointed to Act in-incipally within the
said Borough to the i\Iayor for the time being, and if such
Constable shall be objected to by the Mayor some other fit
and proper person shall be appointed in his place and stead
by the said Chief Constable.

That all sums received by such Constable for the discharo'e
ot his duties shall be accounted for to the Treasurer of the
Police r'orce for the said County of Salop.

And lastly it is agreed by and between both the said parties
that the Justices of the said County of Salop shall from time
to time for the purpose of defraying the expenses of the said
Act and the Act passed in the second and third years of Her
said Majestys lleign Chajjter 93 within the saiil County and
Borough assess and tax the said Borough of Bridgnorth at the
same sum in the pound according to the value of the liateablo
properly therein as shall be rated by the said Justices u^ton
till! olhcr jiarts of the said County fur the same j)ur[)()S('.

That such rate shall from time to time be duly paid by the
said Borough to such Person or Persons, and at such time or

QUAUTKll SESSIONS TOR THE COUNTY OF SALOP. 235

times as the said County Justices shall by their Warrant
direct, and the said County Justices shall have the powers for
the recovery thereof within the said Lorough as they now
have or may liereafter have for recovering the same in any
other part of the said County.

Tiios. Ken VON, Chainnan.

Edward Muckleston.

John Loxdale, Clerk of the Peace.

July, 1850.

\J[K)n reading the report of the Constabulary Conunitteo
staling that in pursuance of the order of the Court at the last
April Sessions an Agreement Avas entered into at an adjourned
Sessions held on the thirteenth of Muy between tin; County
and the IJorough of iJridgnortli for tlie consolidation of their
Police but on })roceeding to carry the same into efi'ect the
Borough Authorities required that Kichard Evans a Ijorough
Police Otiicer should be appointed one of the Eorce which
desire of the Lorough the Chief Constable Avas anxious to
comply with but upon examination of sucli officer it was found
that though he had excellent Testimonials as to Character and
conduct he was not eligible according to the rules laid down
by the Secretary of State for the guidance of tlie Chief Con-
stable which ojjinion was confirmed at a meeting subsequently
held by the Police Committee with the ]\Iayor of the Borough.
Subsecquently a Notice had been received from the town
Couni'il of P)ridgnorth to put an end to the Agreement on the
grounil that the continuance of it would prevent the eninloy-
ment of their present Constable, who though admitted to be
ineligible under the rules of the Secretary of State for a
County Constable was deemed by the Council competent for
the discharge of the Borough duties. It is ordered that the
Agreement on the part of the County be rescinded from the
present Sessions.

March, 18G1.

It is agreed this Eighteenth day of j\hirch one thousand
eight hundred and Sixty one between Iler ]\hijesty's Justices
of the Peace ol and for the County of Salop in General (j)uarter
Sessions assembled on the one hand and the Mayor Aldermen
and Burgesses of the Borough of Oswestry in the said County
by the Council of the said Borough on the other hand as
follows (that is to say)

Tiiat iIh! I'dliee. eslubiishnieiits of the said County and
Borom^h .shall IVor.i and after the lirst (hiy of April next be
consolidated into one I'olice Establishment pursuant to the

23G UKCORDS OF QUAIITEK SESSIONS OF S.VLOl'.

Acts passed in the 8i'd and 4th and 19th and 20th years of
Her present Majesty's Ilei^ni Chapters 88 and 95.

SECONDIjY That upon the present Borough Pohce Force
ceasing to act on the First day of April next four achlitional
County Constables, consisting of one Serjeant one first chiss
Constable and two other Constables, shall be provided so that
the duty of preserving the Peace and protecting jjroperty
including nightly watch shall be properly discharged within
the said IJorough of Oswestry.

Till RDF. Y that such Constables shall be selected by the
Chief Constable and the name of evei-y (Jonstable so intended
to do duty in tlie saiil Jjorough shall upon his Nomination be
transmitted to the l\layor ot the said Ijorough and in case any
objection to such Constable be made by the Major within one
Calendar month after such transmission he shall bo removed
by the Chief Constable and another Constable [)rovitleil.

FOUUTHLY tlie said Horou.^'h shall contribute to the total
cost of the Force (after deducting the Government allowance
and receipts for discharge of Constable^ duties) such a propor-
tion as the four additional Constables shall bear to the total
average number of the whole consolidated Police Force (ex-
clusive of the Chief Constable whose Salary is however to be
included in the Total cost) Such proportion to be paid by
the Treasurer of the said Dorough to the Treasurer of the said
(Jounty in the following manner (that is to say) The Amount
of the Salaries or Pay to be calculated pro[)ortionally as afore-
said of the said four additional Constables doing duty in the
said IJorough shall be paid Quarterly, at Midsummer, Michael-
mas, Christmas and Lady Day in each year and the remainder
of tlu; pro[)ortion of all ex[)enses to which the said Porough
will be liable under this Agreement shall bo paid on or before
the first day of December in each year by the Treasurer of the
said Borough to the Treasurer of the said County.

FIFTHLY the said Borough shall also contribute and pay
the like proportion towards any deficiency which may arise in
the Superannuation Fund.

SIXTHLY. That the said Borough shall give up the Apart-
ments in the local Gaol upon the County Hiuling a party to
take charge of such Gaol,

SFVKNTHLY. Should any difference arise between the
said ('ounty and Borougli relative to tliis Agreement the same
shall be determined by the Government Inspector of Police for
thi: time being.

End of Part II.

( /'u f/c cimtinued).

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2;-J7

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

By R. Ll. KENYON.

Bi-:siDK,s the six borouu'lis which now exist in this
county, there were foimerly three other phices which
claimed the title — Newport, Chin, and Ruyton — and
though they have lono- ceased to exercise any municipal
functions, yet it was only in 188G that they were finally
deprived hy Act of Parliament of their right to the
dignity and status of boroughs. It may not be alto-
gether uninteresting to ascertain, in the case of Ruyton,
what ])rivileges that dignity and status conferred, and
why it was granted. When Domesday was compiled
Ruyton was a small, insignificant manor, of only two
townsliiiJS, containiniT It hide of land, belonirinii' to the
hundred of Raschurch, and held by a knight named
Odo, under Earl Roger. Rut, after the compilation of
Domesday, a castle was built at Ruyton, of which some
remains still exist, and to the castle it doubtless owes
the superiority which it acquired over the neighbouring
manors, two of which — Wykey and Felton— were soon
absorbed in the manor of Ruyton. There is no record
of the building of the castle, but the three Manors of
Ruyton, Wykey, and Felton were given in, or soon
al'ter, 1155, by William Fitz Alan to John le Strange,
who became, next to Fitz Alan himself, the most
powerful man in Shropshire. John's younger brother,
Ilanio, is reputed to be the founder of Knockin Castle,
and it seems very probable that John le Strange was
the builder of Ruyton Castle, and that it was ho who
consolidated the XXncv. maiiois into one, and gave the
suit and service of the luiiLed manoi' to the Hundred of
Oswestry, to which Wykciy aiul F(!lton had always
Yul. Ill, 2iul S. DP

238 THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

belonged. The existence of the castle at Ruyton Is
amply sufficient to account for lluyton being the head
of and giving its name to the manor, wliich, liowever,
was more strictly and legally called the INTanor of the
Eleven Towns, from the eleven townships, of which the
three now united manors were composed. Similarly there
is a Manor of the Five Towns at C^lun, which, like I\uy-
ton, belonged to the Fitz Alans. The earliest mention of
Ruyton Castle is in the history of Fulk Fitzwarine, the
liistorical prototype of Piobin Ilood, where the castle is
said to have been destroyed by the AVelsh in 1202.
John le Strange got the King's prece})t to the
Sherift' of Shropshire for aid to rebuild his Castle
of Knockin, hi 1219, and as nothing was said
about Huyton. it was j^robably not rebuilt. There
is nothing to show that the Le Stranges, who held
the IManor of Tvuyton the whole of the thirteenth
century, ever rebuilt the castle, and it is not mentioned
in the fine of the manor levied in 1299 ; but the Le
Stranges sold the manor to their Suzerain, Edmund
Earl of Arundel, soon after his accession to the title in
1301, and if the castle was then in ruins he must have
rebuilt it, for it was certainly in existence in 1313,
when the service of half the manor of Great Withyford
was returnable at Iiuyton Castle. It was probably the
existence of this castle which suggested to the Eai'l the
importance of Iluyton and its capability of development,
and he determined to increase its ])opulation and his
revenue from it, by creating a borough, which would be
at once ]:)rotected and kept in order by the garrison of
the castle. Accordingly, in the 2nd year of King
Edward IL, A.D. 1308, the Earl granted a charter,
which was confirmed by several of his successors. The
following is a translation of the latest confirmation of
it, taken from a modern copy on parchment in the
possession of the Vicar of liu^ton.

To :ill Cliiistian j)C(i|)l(; to wlioni lliis jM'csenl. wilting may
come, John, K;ul of Arundcll and Lord of Mountiavers, scndeth
Gtrectino; in tlie l^ord KvcrliistiiKf,

::< r

THE BOROUGH OF KUYTUN. 231)

Wc have seen a certain writing of contirniation of a charter
of Ednuuul, late Eai'l of Arundcll, our ancestor, made to the
burgesses of our town of Jiu3'ton, their heirs and assigns, by
Richard, Earl of Arundeli and Surry, to the following tenor:

Richard, Earl of Arundeli and Surry, to all to whom this
present writing shall come, greeting in the Lord. We have
seen a certain writing of Edmund our Grandfather, late Earl ot
Arundeli, in these words :

To all men hy whom this [)resent writing may be seen or
heard Edmund, Earl of Arundeli, sendeth greeting in the Lord
Everlasting. Know ye that we luive granted ancl by this our
present charter confirmed to our beloved and faithful burgesses
of Ruyton and to their heirs and assigns that they may have
free borough in the town of liuyton. And we liave given and
have granted to everyone that lias taken or henceforth may be
willin" to take one place of Jjurgage and three acres of field
land to have and to hold for us and our heirs to themselves
and to their heirs and assigns freely for ever, rendering there-
from yearly to us and our heirs for each Jjurgage twelve pence
and each acre of land four pence, at two terms of the year, one
half to wit at the feast of St. Michael, ami the other half at the
feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin ^lary, for all
things and demands. We have granted also for us and our
lieirs that the aforesaid burgesses and assigns be free of toll
[)assage and pontage througli all our lands, and also of heriots,
relief, tillage, and of all other customs belonging to us and our
heirs for ever. And that the aforesaid burgesses may have
the laws and customs of Lristol whole and inviolable for
ever, so that no bailiff of ours do in any wise set his hand
against the laws and customs ahjresaid to the loss of the said
burgesses nor enter there to the prejudice of the same; and
that they may have the laws and customs aforesaid as wholly
and freely as the citiz(;ns of Hereford or the burg\;sses of
Shrewsbury liold them in all things to the same law belonging
for ever, and that from henceforth no one may do any mer-
chandise in the borough aforesaid unless it be of the said law
or by the consent of the burgesses. Ami that the burgesses
aforesaid may have a gild Alercat, with assize <;f bread and ale
and with all things to the same gild belonging. So that if
any stranger may come into the said borough and hold land
and be in scot and lot with the burgesses aforesaid for one
year and one day he may nnnain there free and never be
hindered by iiis Lord. We have granted also to the same that
they may 1)0 able to attacii, im[iiisoii, and u)i themselves to
judge all thieves, homicides, and evil-doers that may come into

240 THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

tho biiid borough, aud if in liappen that we or our lieirs take
any victuals of the burgesses aforesaid we do satisfy tliem of
the [)rico witliiu forty days thon iiuxt following. Hut if we do
not we may take nothing more from thorn until we havu made
satisfaction of the debt atoresaid, exce[)t this, that for each
brewing tliat tiiey have brewed in the borough aforesaid they
will give to us and our heirs three gallons of ale. We will also
and have granted for us and oin- heirs that no one do [tresume to
brew, sell, or buy in our Jjordslnp of lluyton with its members
where our power lies unless by the consent of the burgesses
aforesaid and leave of the same ; and that all and singular the
burgesses aforesaid, and their heirs and assigns, have free
common of pasture for all their cattle everywhere within the
whole manor of Kuyton, with its members, where other tenants,
as well free as others, do common. And that a free Court be
made out and hckl from tiiree weeks to three weeks if it be
necessary, and that no one of them be im[)leaded nor judged
unless in the said court, and tliat by their equals.

And we, the said Edmund Earl of Arundell, and our heirs, all
the burgages aforesaid, lands and tenements aloresaid, with all
and singular the liberties, laws, free customs, and easements, and
all other their appurtenances aforesaid, to all and singular the
burgesses and tlieir heirs and assigns as well present as to
come against all men will warrant acquit and for ever defend.
In witness whereof to this present writing we have put our
seal. Dated at I1U3 ton, Sunday next before the feast of the
Nativity of St. John the Baptist, in the second year of the
reign of our Lord King Edward, son of King Edward.

VVhich certain writing to the same burgesses and their
successors, we approve, ratify, and confirm in all things, so
that we nor our heirs by reason of this present ratification of
Right and Royalty which we and our ancestors of old have
had or ought to have against tlie said burgesses and their
successors in nothing prejudge or exclude in future. In witness
whereof to these presents we have caused our seal to be put.
Dated at our Castle rhili})p, first day of September, in the
17th year of the reign of King liichanl the 2nd.

Wliich same Charter and writing, with all and singular its
liberties and franchises in the said Charter contained, wo, tiie
same E;u-1 John, for us and our heirs, to our beloved burgesses
of our town of lluyton aforesaid, their lieirs and successors,
a[)prt)ve, ratify and by tliose presents confirm, in witness we
have put our seal to these presents, dated the 22nd day of
April, in our manor Loiulon, in tho 8th year of the reign of
Kmg Henry the Gth after tho Conquest.

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON. 241

The privileges granted by this Charter are -of con-
siderable importance. Everyone who takes a burgage,
that is a house, in the township of Ruyton, and three
acres of land, becomes a burgess, and is to pay the
Earl Is. a year for the house, and 4d. per acre for the
land, and to be free from tlie heriots, rehefs, and other
payments which other tenants had to pay to the Lord
of the Manor, and whicli became (hie at uncertain inter-
Vfils, and continually varied in amount ; so that their
conmuitation for a fixed payment was a great advan-
tage to the tenants, as well as, no doubt, to the lord
also. Oi' course it did not aliect the liability to aids
and other public taxes. Three acres of land seems a
good deal to hold in a town, but in most towns at that
time there were many sucli holdings. In Shrewsbur}^
most of the burgesses possessed sheep, or cattle, or pigs,
or horses. (Owen and Blakeway i., 153). At this
time, when 4d. was the rent of an acre of land, a quarter
of wheat was worth 4s., a waggon- horse 3s., a pig 9d,
The burgesses were exempted from tolls, not, indeed,
like those of some of the lioyal Boroughs throughout
the kingdom^ but throughout the lands of the Earls of
Arundel. The expressions of the Charter were to be
interpreted by the analogy of those in the Charters of
Bristol, the second or third city in the kingdom. Bristol
had received from John a very full and explicit char-
ter, which was made the model for many others, and
was referred to in the Charters both of Hereford and of
Shrewsbury. The burgesses of liuyton were to be
formed into a Gild Merchant, that is to say, they might
make by laws to regulate trade within the borough,
and might exclude non-burgesses from trading there,
and in particular they might regulate the manufacture
and sale of bread and ale ; and, as an inducement to
strangers to come and settle in the borough, the Earl
undertook that anyone so doing should, after having
been liable to his share of the ))ul)lic burdens of the
burgi'sses for a year and a day, bo j»rotccted against
any claim against his personal freedom made by any

i I '■■

242 THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

other lord. With respect to criminal and civil jurisdic-
tion, Ruyton was already exempt from that of the Royal
Judges of Assize and of the Sheriff, as belonging to the
Hundred of Oswestry, which was in the Marches of
Wales, and was subject only to the jurisdiction of the
Lord Marcher, the Earl of Arundel. lie now grants
to the buro-esses the riijht of criminal jurisdiction over
any evil doer coming into the borough (not, apparently,
over the regular inhabitants), and a civil court of which
all burgesses were to be members and jurors, though it
would no doubt be presided over by a bailiff' nominated
by the lord ; and this civil court was to be held every
three weeks, and to have exclusive jurisdiction over the
burgesses, who would therefore be exempted from being
summoned to plead in the Hundred Court at Oswestry.
Even the I-ord of the Manor was to pay honestly for
any victuals he had from the burgesses. Brewing was
apparently a j>rincipal trade at Ruyton, and the bur-
gesses are empowered to prevent anyone from brewing
without their consent, not only in the borough, but in
any part of the Manor, but they are to give the lord
three o-allons of ale out of everv brewino-. This would
no doubt be sent for the use of his men in the castle.
All selling and buying throughout the Manor is like-
wise to be with the consent of the burgess(!s, and they
are to have common of pastui'e jointly with the other
tenants in all counnons in the Manor. The privileges
thus granted are important and extensive, but they fall
short of those possessed by Shrewsbury and other large
towns, in that no power is given to the burgesses to
elect a mayor or magistrates of any kind, anil that the
rent payable to the lord is assessed separately on the
individual burgesses, instead of being assessed in one
fixed sum on the borough at largo, and levied by the
burgesses as they chose among themselves. It would
therefore increase with any increase in the number of
teneniunts in the boroujxh. About the same time as
tiiis ('barter was gra,iit{.!d, the Earl gave to Haughmond
Abbey some latul at lJ])ton Magna in exchange i'or

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON. 243

seven burgages in the new Vill of Rutone, which were
built on tlie fee of the Canon's Church of R-utone.
Three years after granting the Charter, the Earl of
Arundel obtained a Charter from the King (printed in
Transactions of Shrop, Arch, Soc, ix. 244) for a market
every week upon the Wednesday at his Manor of
liuiton, with a fair yearly on tlie eve and da}'^ of the
Nativity of St. John Baptist and three days next fol-
lowing. It would seem that the right to hold markets
and fairs even in so independent a district as tlie Welsh
March required tlie consent of the Cmwn, which had
been obtained with respect to Oswestry in 1228. No
limits are fixed to the borough by the Charter, and the
Lords would no doubt have gladly allowed it to extend
ns far as it would, but it never grew to any size, and
occupied only a ])art of the original township of Ruyton.
It therefore acquired the name of New Iluyton, and
that part of the township which is not included in
the borough was called Old Ruyton, and treated as a
separate township, so far at least as that a separate
constable was always appointed for it. There is little
doubt that the same Earl Ednumd of Arundel granted
also the Charter to Clun, which is now lost. All the
other boroughs in the county exce])t Bishop's Castle
had already received nuuiicipal privileges. But the
earl was perhaps too much engaged in national |)olitics
to attend very nuich to the development of his estates
in the Marches. In 1?10 ho was one of the Lord
<)nlainers, in 1318 he was oidered to raise 200 foot
soldiers from Clun and the neighbourhood of Oswestry
for the Scotch war, so that probably some Ruytonians
followed the king in his abortive attemj)t to retake
Berwick from Robert Bruce in 1319. After this a
series of ])rivate wars broke out between the lords of
the Welsh ALirches, some holding with the king and
some with the Earl of Lancaster ; so that the country
(VinnoL have been in a favourable^ state for the develop-
ment of a new town. Arundel had gcinMally been in
o|)position to the king, but he married a daughtei- of

244 THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

the younger Sir Hugh Spencer, and from the time of
the exile of the Spencers in 1321, he joined the king
and assisted him to recall them. In October of that
year the king openly took up arms, and in January
captured Bridgnorth and came to Shrewsbury, and the
Earl of Arundel came to his castle at Shrawardine to
join him. In a few months the Earl of Lancaster had
been captured and beheaded by order of a council at
which Arundel was present ; and of his rival Lords
jMarchers, the Earl of Hereford and Iloger d'Amory
had been killed, Lord Badlesmere, Lord of Shifnal,
whose insolence had first roused the king to arms, had
been hanged, the two Mortimers of Chirk and Wigmore,
the latter of whom was Lord of Ludlow, condemned to
perpetual imprisonment, and Sir Hugii of Audley and
Sir INIaurice of Berkeley captured, so that the Earl of
Arundel was left with hardly a rival in the Welsh
Marches. He received also a grant of the Manor of
Shifnal, and of part of Mortimer's estates. But the
tide soon turned. Li 1324, Roger Mortimer of Wig-
more escaped from the Tower to France; in 1325, the
Queen went over to France ; and in 132G they landed
in Eni'land in lebellion ao-ainst the Kino-. Arundel
sunnnoned his tenants to Oswestry, intending to seize
Shrewsbury for the King ; but lie was himself captured
by Sir John Charlton of Powis and the burgesses of
Shrewsbury, near Shrews})ury, and beheaded at Here-
ford, on the 17th November, by order of Mortimer, on
which the goods and chattels found on him and his
followers were granted to the burgesses of Shi'ewsbury,
and his landed estates to Mortimer, who was created
Earl of March. He did not, however, long enjoy either
title or estates, for he was hanged in 1331, and the
estates reverted to Ednuuid's son, Ivichard. now Earl
of Arund('l. This earl, Bichard, in the luixt year after
ol)la.iiiiiig his cstatc^s, endowed the Vicarage of Kuyton
with a house; in the boi-ough, the tithes having a year
or two previously been a[)pro[)riated by the Abbot of
Ilaughmond, with the consent of the I\)pe,and formally

THK BOROUGIJ OF IIUYTON. 245

assigned by him to the kitchen of his Abbey. Under
this earl we find one Jolni de Barton named as
Seneschal of Uuyton, and issuing a writ about
trespasses at the Heath Mill Pool, which is in
the Manor of lluyton. 'I'lns, however, would be as
bailiff of the earl, not as in any way representing the
borough, which had no rights over the Heath Mill. In
134 6 a writ, similar to that which had been sent to his
father, directed the Earl to raise 200 men from Ciun
and Oswestry to attend the King in tlie French wars.
The army of which tliese men formed a part sailed from
Portsmouth on the 10th of July, and on the 2Gth of
August fought the battle of Crecy, at which victory
Arundel himself was present, and we may reasonably
suppose that Ruyton was not unrepresented among his
Ibllowers. Many of the other Lords of the Welsh
IMarches were also with the army — the Earl of Hereford,
Iloger Mortimer, John ie Strange, Lord Boteler of
Wem, two Audleys, and Fulk Fitzv\urren. , None of
these, except the two Audleys, were at the battle of
Poitiers. Three years afterwards came the pestilence
of 13 49, which was very severe in Slnopshire, where so
many persons died that a great part of the land was
thrown out of cultivation i'or want of labourers. There
was also a very great murrain among the cattle. Earl
Ilichard lived throughout almost the whole reign of
Edward HL, but thouoh he obtained a new and im-
portant Cliarter for Shrewsbury he does not seem to
have done anything for his own boroughs of Oswestry,
lluyton, or Clun. fie died in 1375, and was succeeded
by his son, another Richard, who became as prominent
in politics as his grandfather had been, with the same
ultimate result to himself In L381 he came to
Shrawardine Oastle, and there settled some h)cal dis-
putes of the pet)plo of Shrewsbury, and caused them to
elect twelve j)crs()ns to govern tlie town, among whom
we lind Koboit de Thornes, whose family became the
principal family in Knylon, and riMuainiMl so until
Charles 11 's. time, tlunr residence being at Shelvocke
Vol. HI , liu.l .s. ).:r.

24(5 THE BOllOUtJU OV UUYTOX.

in Ruyton parisli. The same llobert de Thoines was
luiiliir of Shrewsbury iu 1389. In 1393 the Earl coii-
fh-inecl the ('haiter of the Borouuh of lliiyton, but In
1397, liaviiig all his life been in strong op})osition to the
King, he was arrested and beheaded, and his estates
were granted to Le Scroojje, Earl of Wiltshire. The
period of the Eai'l of Wiltshire's ownership was an im-
portant one for these }jarts, for in the same year the
King convened a Parliament, })opularly called the Great
Parliament, in Shrewsbury^ and himself held his court
there in great magnificence. Here was passed an Act
for erecting the county of Chester into a Principality,
which was to 1 e permanently in the hands of the Crown
or the heir apparent, and to which were annexed,
among other districts, the castle of Oswestry, ** with
the town well walled with stone, and the Hundred, and
the Eleven Towns to the said Castle belonging," the
reason for the special mention of the Eleven Towns,
which con"stituted the manor of Ruyton, being no doubt
that some of them had not originally formed part of the
Hundred of Oswestry. As there is no mention of
Ptuyton Castle, we may conclude that it was no longer
in sufficient repair to be of any use as a fortress. From
Shrewsbury the King removed with a connnittee of the
l^arliament to Oswestiy, to which town he granted a
Charter da,ted August 14th, 1399 ; but veiy soon after-
wards he was dethroned, the Earl of W^iltshire jnit to
death, all the Acts of the l^irliament of 1397 repealed,
and Uuyton and the rest of his estates lestored to
Thomas, Earl of Arundel. The revolution was
iunnodiately succeeded by a great rising of the
Welsh, under Owen Glyndwr. who in 1400 sacked
lluthin and burned Oswestry, and seems to have re-
tained possession of all Powis-land, which would include
Ptuyton, for seveial years. In 1403 the King marched
upon Shrewsbury from Lichfield, and Hotspur from
Stallbrd, so that neither of their armies would have
come near Ruyton, but Glyndwr marched from Oswes-
try to Shclton, and nuist have pass{Ml through the

TliE BOROUGH OF KUYTON. 247

manor, though not the borough, of iluyton. After the
Inittle of Shrewsbury it aaus the King, not Owen
Glyndwr, who retired from tlie Marches of Wales, and
the hitter not only retained all his former posse^isions,
but ravaged all the country round Slirewsbury as i;ir
as Buildwas, and destroyed the outlying villages in the
liberties of Shrewsbury. In 1401 an Act of l\arliament
forbade Welshmen to purchase land in any niaiket
towns adjoining the Marches of W.ales, or to become
citizens, liold any ofiice, or bear any armour there, and
such as were already citizens were to find sureties for
their good behaviour. Probably the dwellers on the
borders found it necessary to use much more vigoious
means than this, and it would probably be from this
period that the tradition was derived which Gough
mentions in his Ifistor// of Middle that every hamlet in
that part of the English border kej^t a light horseman
fully armed, always ready on the least notice to ride
straight to the Piatt Bridge which crossed the river
Pci-iy between Iiuyton and Baschurch, l)eing the
boundary of the Hundred of Oswestry, and conse-
quently the boumlary between England and the
Welsh IMarch ; and that if they found any Welslimen
on the Knglisli side of the river Peny they were sure
to be j)ut to death, and on the other hand if the Welsh
cauii-ht anv Enii-lishman on the Iluvton side of the
river they hanged him. But Glyndwr must have been
driven from Oswestry before 1407, in which year the
Earl of Arundel granted a charter to that town, of
which one clause seriously affected the inhabitants of
lluyton ; for it granted that " none of the inhabitants
of the lordships of Oswestry, ]\Ielverley, Kiiuierley,
Edgerley, lluyton, and the Kleven Towns, should take
a,ny cattle, corn, victuals, or other aiticles to any
foreign lair or market, until the same had bcien first
e.vposed (or sale in the town of Oswestry." " b'oreign "
would in tbis (•oinicction mean outside; tlu; lordships
ikuucmI, and therefore this (/barter would not bo incon-
sistent with the right of holding markets and fairs

248 TBE liOROUGa OF liUYTON.

possessed under its Oliarter by the Borouu'li of Ruyton.
Ill 140*J Owen Glyndwr sent troo|)s to make anotlier
attempt upon Shrewsbury; tliey ravaged tlie country
round it, but the attempt tailed, and the two leaders
were captured and executed. After this many of the
local otlicers on the English March made com[)acts of
peace wiili Owen Glyndwr on their own account,
which, however, wei'e repudiated and condenuied by
the King ; and gradually Glyndwr seems to have been
forced back into the Welsh mountains. We died in
1415- and in the same year died Thomas, Karl of
Arundel, and was succeeded l)y a distant cousin, John
Lord Maltravers (called Mountravers in this Charter),
who in tlie 8th year of King- lleniy VI. contirmed the
Charter of the Borough of iluyton. 13ut this is the
last record we find of any value being attached to the
privileges of the borough Such Welsh inhabitants as
it may have had were })robably driven from it when
Owen Glyndwr retreated into Wales ; but the country
round it was subject to Welsh marauding nearly two
centuries afterwards, and Iluyton, being small and un-
fortified, was in no condition to re{)ress it. All trade
was consccpiently mono|)oiised Ijy the larger and stronger
towns of Shrewsbury and Oswestry. j\lany Acts against
Welsh marauding were passed under Henry VII i., and
in his liZth year Wales was turmed into counti(!S, its
laws made the same as those of Jl]ngland, and the Lord-
shi[)s Marchers annexed to the adjoining counties. The
Lordshi[)S of Oswestry, Whittington, Alaesbrook, and
Knuckin, with their members, were henceforth to form
the lliuidred of Oswestiy, and to be annexed to the
county of Salo[) ; and with them passed tiie borough of
Uuyton and the manor of the Eleven Towns, too insif-
nihcant now to be separately mentioned, but included
among the members of the Lordship of Oswestry, 'i'he
borough, however, continued to maintain an existence,
and to exercise certain timctions under its Charter. In
or about the year IG40, liichai-d Kinaston, one of the
principal inhabitants, presented to it a mace, bearing at

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON. 249

one end the name and arms of Edmund, Eavl of Arundel,
tlie grantor of the Charter, and at the other the Uoyal
Arms, witljui a p;arter, and the inscription, " Liherum
Burgu' de Nova lluyton." Richard Kinaston's name
is on a silver band round the centre. It is engraved
in Duke's Shropshire, p. 315. The end with the Earl's
name ami arms is now missing, and is said to have been
lost in a sculHe in lluyton about forty years ago, but
the rest of the mace is now in possession of the Vicar,
and was sent by him in 1888 to an exhibition of maces
in Loudon, where only six out of 130 maces a})peared
to be older than that of lluyton. 'J'lie original Charter
is said to have been burned in a fire at the Vicarage,
in the latter part of last century. Of the various
privileges granted by the Charter, tlie first and greatest
was the commutation of all uncertain feudal dues and
services due to the lord for a fixed money payment ;
this conunutation gradually lost its character of a privi-
lege l)y becoming common everywhere, the Courts of
Law enforcing customs as binding upon the lords, and,
even where there was no custom, preventing the lord
from using his rights arbitrarily. The rents named in
the Charter could not be raised by the lord, but did
not prevent his tenants from sub-letting at as high
rents as they could get ; and accordingly, as there was
never any special custom as to inheritance in the
borough, the burgages have long been held on tenures
indistinguishable from common socage. No power to
elect olHcers is given by the Charter, and the bailiff
there mentioned was evidently appointed by the lord.
In modern times, as ai){)ears by the lleport on Munici-
pal Coiporations in 1835, two bailiffs, called a high and
a low bailitf, were appointed for the borough in the
Court Leet of the whole manor. The high bailiff ap-
pointed the succeeding high and low bailiffs, and the
two appointed the sergeant-at-mace, the only other
ofllccr i»l" the borough, and made out the list of persons
to be sununoned, IVom the whole manor, on the jury of
the Court Leet. This in 1835 was th(; whole of the

250 TIJE BOKOncill OF IIUYTON.

duties of the bailiffs, but they were still summoned at
the assizes on the roll of magistrates, and must there-
fore orijTrinally have had mai^nsterial duties in the
borougii. They no doubt exercised these as represen-
tatives of the lord, not of the burgesses, and the Lord's
jurisdiction in criminal matters was unlimited by the
Charter, and doubtless extended, as it is known to
have done in the manor of C'lun, to power of life and
death. But the Statute tiG Ileiny VlJl. , c. G, trans-
ferred to the Justices of Assize in England jurisdiction
in respect to all nuu'ders and felonies committed in the
Lordships Marchers, and the following year jurisdiction
over all offences whatever was similarly transferred, so
that the magisterial powers of the bailiffs of Kuyton
would have come to an end then. The duty uf the
sergeant-at-mace was to assist the borough constable,
ap[)ointed in the (/ourt Leet, to keep the peace in the
borough, and to summon the juries to the Court Leet.
lie had the custody of the boi'ough mace. The last
bailitts were Samuel Harman and Thomas Roden Com-
berl)atch, who were appointed at the Court Leet held
on October 20th, 1851, which is the last which has
been held. Edward Iial[)hs was the last sergeant-at-
mace, and carried the mace at the head of a torchlight
procession, preceded by a bantl, to the toj) of the Clilfe,
whei'o there was a bonfn'o and liroworks, on the o(;c;i,-
sion of th(! marriage of IIk^ I'liiuH! and Princess of
Wales, March 10(h^ IHO.'J. There was till lately a
lock-up house in the borough, with a saddler's shop
over it, of which latter the bailiff of the manor received
the rent ; but about 1815, it being then very dilaj)i-
dated, the burgesses raised money among themselves
to restoie it, and were thenceforth allowed to receive
the rent of tiie sho[), nominally only, however, for it
was never paid, 'i'he lock-uj) continued to be uscmI in
1835, but in 1854 it was bought from the jjord by
Mr. .1. S. Cyomberbatch, and pullcul down, and the site
sold to l\\() (,o\vnship for the nominal suinof.l'l. A
village cioss has lately l>eeii elected on the siti'. TJieie

THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON. 251

is no trace of the holding of any court, civil or criminal,
for the borough alone, the only court held being the
Court Leet for the manor at large. The court rolls of
the manor are in the possession of Messrs. Peele, the
solicitors of Colonel Edwards, the present Lord of the
Manor. A court for the registration of wills and ad-
ministrations was also held for the manor at large, but
during the first 34 years of this century only two wills
were proved in it, and no administration was granted. It
was doubtless a relic of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of
Haughmond Abbey, and quite uncoiuiected with any
borough privileges. 'Jlie jurisdiction was transferred
to the Court of Probate by 20 and 21 Vict., c. 11,
ss. 3,4. Of the Gild Merchant allowed by the Charter,
which in many towns was the guiding spirit of the
community and the origin of the Corporation, we have
no trace at Ruyton, nor of any attempt of the burgesses
to restrain or reo-ulate trade in the manor at laro-e, but
the annual fair continued to be held on July 5, which
was the eve of St. John Baptist's day according to the
old style, and on that occasion the sergeant-at-mace
iisedto take id.per standingfrom allnon-burgessesexpos-
ing goods for sale, and Gd.from any non-burgess who sold
ale or kept any shop within the borough. The right of
the lord to a tribute of ale out of every brewing seems to
have lapsed by non-user. The fair is still held, but in the
week after the 5th of July. The burgesses, or rather
all the inhabitants of the borough, claimed and exercised
a right of common over the Cliffe, but they claimed it
exclusively of the other inhabitants of the Manor, and
therefore not by virtue of the chartei'. It was their
only property, and they retain it still, A statute of
1883, 4G and 47 Vict., c. 18, enacted that from and
after 25th March, 1886, unless her Majesty should
previously grant a new charter, various ])laces should
cease (o bo boroughs and their (/orporatioiis be dis-
solved, s;iviiig only tiie private interests in ar.y proj)ei"ty
they might possess. The places in Shroj)shire named
in the Act w(n"e Bishop's Castle, Newport, r'liin, nnd

252 THE BOROUGH OF RUYTON.

Ruyton. Bishop's Castle succeeded in obtaining a new
charter, but tlie otlier three boroughs finally expired on
Lady Uay, 188G, and it is to be Ikired that very I'ew oi
their burgesses lamented or were even awai'e of ibeir
decease.

253

TENSERS: AN HISTORICAL INVESTIGATION

INTO THE STATUS AND PRIVILEGES
OF NON-GILDATED TRADESMEN IN ENGLISH

TOWNS.

r>v F. AIDAN HIBBERT, B.A., Sr. John's College, OAMBRionK.

1. Introductory.

2. The General Idea of the Middle Ages.

3. The Actual Fact.

4. Exceptions to tlie Gild Regulations.

5. 1Mie word " Tenser."

G. The Fines of the Tcnsei's.

7. Their Status and Privileges.

8. Their Relations with tiio Burgesses.

9. Later History.

The ordinary authorities on Economic History say little
or nothing of the non-gildated trades-

1 . I lit rod I tc tor//, men in the towns, tliough it is certain

these formed an important portion
of the commercial community. To understand fully
tlie conditions under whicli trade was carried on in
medicoval England the existence of tlicse unfree mer-
chants must be taken into account, and their importance
appreciated.

It is behoved that tlie following paper is the first
attempt at anything approaching to a detailed historical
encpiiry into the sid)jcct.

The idea is very universal that in

2. The general mediaeval times the life of the ordi-
idea of the nary individual was one long, hard,

Middle Af/es. struo-Ldc airainst restraint. It is

l^ointed out that a man might not

trade uiiltjss he bolonge<l (o a ))rivileged Gild, (hat

sumptuary laws regulated his dress, that a stern Church

bound him down to a hard dogmatic creed. The im-

Vol. Ill , 2nd S. FF

254 TENSERS.

pression left on one is that man was bound so fast in tlie
chains of custom and law that he could have no inde-
pendence of thought or action. Every phase of his
daily life was arranged beforehand for him, and he must
perforce submit.

The reason for the prevalence of this opinion is two-
fold. Our own imperfect judgment is partly the cause :
for the rest the men of the middle aires are themselves
to blame.

(«). The men of the middle ages certainly supposed
their life was of the character which has been described.
They would assuredly have been the first to repudiate
the idea tliat they were guilty of the enormity of per-
mitting selfish, anti-social individualism in any degree.
They would have pointed with confidence to the regu-
lations of their Gilds, which had for their very essence
the recognition of the common brotherhood of men. In
them the members would be found to be called, not
" competitors in trade," but " brothers." The object
of their work was to serve the public well; to provide
goods which should be worth the price set on them.
The Gilds existed to secure these ends. One of their
important officials was the Searcher, whose duties were
" to make serche uppon all the occupy ers of the saide
crafte .... that non of them occupie eny false
Balaunce, Weight, or Mesures belongeing to the sayde
craftes or eny of theym, wherebie the Kynges People in
eny wyse myght be hurt or disseysed " (Shrewsbury
Mercers' Composition, 1480-81). All goods were to be
"able, suffyceant and lawfull,''so that, 'no dissaytenor
gyle to the Kyngesliege peopletherebye be had." It was
in this spirit that they forbade night work, because it was
likely to be bad work ; that they required seven years'
apprenticeship in order to secure adecpiate training of
craftsmen ; that they ordered that " no broder " should
" induce or tyce any other Mastres accostom " (iJarbers'
Composition, 1483), because they knew the evil lesults
to public, woik, add workmen, of iinbrollierl}' (Com-
petition.

TENSERS. 255

{b). Tliis being so, they expressed
3. The actual fact, their feelings in these regulations.
Such ordinances are universal ; they
are found in all places, and they occur at all periods.
We shouhl expect the former, but the latter seems
strange. If the state of affairs were really as rigid and
unchanging as is generally sui)posed, how came it that
new regulations had to bo continually jvassod, and the
old ones again and again furbished uj) { Wc read the
Charters and the Ordinances of the Clilds and Corpora-
tions, repeated time after time in the same phrases, and
we seldom stop to ask how were these rules obeyed ?

The veiy reiteration evidences their futility in at-
taining the objects they had in view. The only
exjjlanation indeed of the continual re])etition of similar
ordinances is to be found in the fact tliat there was much
greater freedom and elasticity of thought and action
during the middle ages than is generally recognised.

The Church was always Catholic, and tolerant in
practice if seeming harsh in principle The lines of
demarcation between the aristocracy and the democracy
were extremely slight. 'I'here was no impassable barrier
between conmicrce and birth. As in Athclstan's time
the merchant who lared thrice beyond the sea at his
own cost became thenceibrth of thegn-right worthy
(Stubbs, Scl. Charters, ]). 05), so it was right through the
Middle Ag(js in England : even in the seventeenth
century llarrison tells us that " our Merchants do
often change estate with gentlemen, as gentlemen do
with them, by a mutual conversion of one into the
other " {Elizabethan England, p. 9). By industry and
perseverance the meanest aj)prentice could thus look
forward to the attainment of the highest honours his
craft could bestow, and even, by success in trade, to
nobility.

Within the connnercial class too

4. E.i\'c/>tto/is to the enforcement of the Ciild regula-

thc (rt/<l tions doubtless de[)endeil very largely

regulations. on circumstances and individual

temperament. IJesides they did not

25 C TENSERS.

press harshly because they were not considered harsli
or unusual.

Tliere were, moreover, important exceptions to the
regulations of the Gilds. The King's servants, when
exercising the royiil ])iivil(>gcs of purveyance and pre-
cmption, were naturally uinestricted. In fair time, and
the fairs were a very important feature in mediaeval
life, there was unrestrained freedom of trade. But more
important than these exceptions was another. It was
quite [lossible for ungildated merchants, that is trades-
men (lor the word merchant at lirst embraced all who
were in any way connected with buying and selling,
and included petty shopkeepers, and even handicrafts-
men), to purchase temporary or })artial exemption from
the local restrictions.

It will be observed that the Iloyal Charters which
authorise the Gilds and grant exclusive privileges of
trading, provide that "no one who is not of the Gild and
Hanse shall trade in the aforesaid town save at the will
of tlic Burgesses." This power of granting exemptions
from the restrictions of the Merchant Gild and the later
Craft Gilds seems to have been exercised in various
towns in different degrees, In some it extended no
further than the admitting of " foreigners" to markets
on payment of a toll upon each occasion. In others,
however, it was more lai-gely and geneially used, Mer-
chants being allowed to be resident and to trade con-
tinually on all occasions by payment of an annual line.
In the latter case the effect was to create two distinct
classes of traders within the town. The " freemen "
and those '' in misericordia " lived side by side at
Shrewsbury from very early until very recent times.
Their relation to one another is well explained
by the names which they obtained at Andover.
The hanseril were the tiadesmcn who paid hanse,
and were "in lot and scot," — full ]n(mib(;r,s, that
is, of the Merchant Gild. The " Custwrnani "
were those who ])aid Custuma or Customa — tolls
for the privileges of tradings in the town. Mention of

TENSERS. 257

such a distinct class of inferior tradesmen is found in
the records of many towns in England and Wales : in
Norwich, Winchester, Lincoln, Leicester, Andover,
Henley-on-Thames, Malniesbury, Bury St. Edmund's,
Totnes, Wigan, Chester, Shrewsbury, Worcester, Clun,
Brecknock, Neath, and others.

The desio-nation of these unfree tradesmen varies.
A Andover, as we have seen, they were known as
Custumarii. At Canterbury a similar body appears
under the name of Intrants. Li Scotland and the
North of England they were called StalUngcrs. The
most usual name for them is, however, censer^ chencer,
tenser, and variations of these.

Censer is apparently the name

5. TJie ivord applied to one who pays a cense or
" Tenser." cess. \u Domesday mention is made

of censarius — '"Ibi sunt nunc 14 cen-
sarii, habentes septem carucatas," and the censarius is
described as " qui terram ad censum annuum tenet."
The connection of the word is here purely territorial.
As usual, however, the tendency is for it to become
more personalas fiscal arrangementsdevelope. The Black
Booh of the Exchequer in the third year of Edward I.
gives in the " Compotus Ciuitatis Wyntonite " the
following entry : — " Et de xliiij.i\ ijcZ. oh. de hominibus
habitacionibus in Ciuitate Wynton' qui non sunt de
libertate, qui dicuntur Censarii, per idem tempus "
^that is May 20th to Micha3lmas). Here the censarii
are evidently considered in their capacity, not as
possible landowners, but solely as tradesmen. A some-
what different class are mentioned in the Statute 27
Henry VHL, cap. 7. From the Preamble we can form
some idea of the lawlessness and confusion which pre-
vailed in the districts round Shrewsbury at that period.
It is related that in the Marches of Wales, where thick
forests frequently fringe the roads, " certain unreason-
able (Justoms and Exactions have been of long time
Uhlawi'iilly c;\actcd and used, contrary both to the law
of Cod and man, to the express wrong and great im-

258 TEN SRrxs.

poverishmeiit of divers of the King's true subjects."
The most crying of these evils was that the Foresters
were accustomed to phuider all passing along the roads
unless they bore " a Token delivered to them by the
chief Foresters ... or else were yearly Tributors or
Chensors." The Statute offers no explanation of these
terms, but it is most probable they applied to persons
paying an annual sum, either to the King or to
the Lords Marchers, of the nature of Chief Rent. We
thus see that although the signitication of the term had
been extended in other [)arts of England to commercial
tolls, in our own districts it had also retained its original
connection with land. This censer, censoi", gensor,
gynser, chencer, and other variations, is the most usual
form of the word, but occasionally it is found as Tenser,
Tensor, Tensar, and Tensure. Tenser or Tensor is used
at Shrewsbury ; at Worcester the same word appears as
Tensure or Tensar (English Gilds, p]3. 382, 394).

It is difficult to say whether or no Tenser is a con-
fusion of Censer. Etymologically the words seem akin,
cense being a tax or toll, and tensare meaning to lay
under toll or tribute. In the Iter of 1164 enquiry is
directed to be made " de prisis et tenseriis omnium
ballivorum domini regis, tam justitiarum quam vice-
comitum et constabulariorum et forestariorum et eorum
servientium post coronationem domini regis Kicardi
primam,et quare prisrc illa3 captce fuerint, et per quem/'
etc. [Iloveden, iij, 2G7).

Another derivation of Tenser has been given.
Ovven and Blakeway (vol. ij., p. 525) explain
"Tenser" to be a cornqition of " tenancier," and
apjjarantly intend to imply that these non-gildated
traders were considered as holding directly of the King.
This view receives some conlirmation from Cowell's
definition of the "censure" and the "censers" of Corn-
wall, lie says {" A Law Dictionanj : or the Interpre-
ter, (7c." Fdn. 1727) — " Censure, or Cusftmid vocnttt
Censure (from the Latin Census, which Ilesychius ex-
j)ounds to be a kind of personal money, j)aid for every

TENSERS, 259

poll) is, in divers manors in Ci>rnivall and Devon, the
calling of all Kesiants therein above the age of sixteen,
to swear Fealty to the Lord, to pay ijd. per poll , andjd.
per an. ever after; as Cert-money or Common Fine ; and
these thus sworn are called Censers." '* Chensers," he
says again, "are such as pay Tribute or Cense, Chief-
Kent or Quit-Rent, for so the French Censier signifies."
Though we may not be able to accept Owen and Blake-
way's derivation of the word from Tenancier, even with
the support of Cowell's " Censers " of Cornwall, we
may press the latter auchority into service in showing
that the signification of the two words censer and
tenser, howes^er difierent they might be in orii'^in,
became very similar in use.

The fines which the Tensers paid
6. The fines of were imposed in the Court Leet, on
the Tensers. many of the Rolls of which, at

Shrewsbury, is entered a list of names
and fines, headed " Nomina eorum qui merchandizant
infra villam Salopie et Suburbia eiusdem, et non
sunt Burgenses, ergo sunt in misericordia." In the
first year of the reign of Henry IV. (1399) it was
ordered that these fines should be levied before
the feast of S. Catharine (Nov. 25) in each year.
The Court Leet also decided the amount of the
tines, but in later times, when the select body of
magnates had deprived the popular Courts of so
many of their powers and privileges, we find that the
apportioning of the Tensers' hnes had also jxassed to the
close Corporation. In 1519 the Corporation fixed the
tolls at Gd. quarterly. Similarly at Winchester in
1G50 the rates were revised by the Mayor and Alder-
men. The highest limit was fixed at £5, but the fees
actually paid were generally sums varying from Gd. to
3s. 4d. only. (Gross, The Gild MereJuoit, vol. ij.,
2G4).

When such a privilege was exercised by a select
body it was certain to give rise to abuses. Such was
found to be the case in early years when the lines woi'o

260 TENSERS.

imposed by an authority other than the general assem-
bly of Burgesses. In the County Court held at Lincoln
in 1272 it was alleged that the late Mayor bad taken
pledges from burgesses of Grimsby unjustly under the
plea of taking gildwite (as the fine or toll was sometimes
called). At Shrewsbury in 1449-50 we learn that
*' this yeare the Burgesses and Tenssaars . . . did
varye." {Early CJiroiiidcs of S/uciu.'^hury). What the
cause of this contention was, or how the dispute was
settled, we do not know, but it most likely arose over
some question concerning the tolls to be paid by the
Tensers.

In some towns special civic officials were appointed
to supervise the Tensers. At Chester the " leave
lookers " were among the most important of the
borough officers. Their duties are described as having
been " to give Licence and compound witli any that
came either to buy or sell within these liberties con-
trary to our grants"; "if any did dwell within the
city that were not free, if they did ever buy or sell
within the Liberties, they did likewise compound with
the Cudos and Mcrcdtor [('ustos Cilde IMercatorie] by
the year. . . the Leave- lookers do gather two |)ence
half [)enny U})j)on the poiuid, of ail Wares sold by
Forraigners within the City." (Gross, ij., 42). The
same name is found at Wigan, where the duty of the
*' eate waiters or leavelookers " was to see that all
" foreigners" paid their fines for licence to reside and
trade in the town. (Sinclair, Wicjan, ^Jrt6'67"??i). At
Shrewsbiuy there does not apjiear to have been any
special official of this kind.

It is not easy to define the exact

7. llieir status status of the Tensers. They were

cuid privileges. certainly considered as an inferior

body of burgesses, and might com-

[)rise three classes. Firstly, those not willing oi' not

able to enter one of the C-lilds; secondly. Traders waiting

to be admitted Burges.3es ; thirdly, ex- Burgesses fallen

from the hiii'her estate through misfortune.

TENSERS. 261

i. As an inferior class of tradesmen they could only
purchase their stock from townsmen (Gross ij., 177) ;
they were incapable of bearing municipal office [Ibid,
[]., 190), and they were liable to be called upon "to
be contributorie to alle the comone charo-es of the citie,
whan it falleth." (Ibid '(]., 190/ In the o-eneral
course of trade but little dill'erence might be perceptible
between the Tensers and the Gildsmen, but attempts
to fuse or to confuse the two classes were jealously
resented wherever they were discovered. Naturally
these attempts to minimise the distinction between
Gildsmen and Non-Gildsmon were generally prompted,
in later times, by political reasons. Only Freemen of
the town and members of the Gilds had the privilege
of voting in Parliamentary elections, and the desire to
obtain a position on the list of voters was great. In
" An Account i- of the Poll for Members of Parliament
for the Borough of Shrewsbury taken June 29 and 30,
1747," etc., information is given concerning several
townsmen who had claimed to be freemen, but were
rejected on account of having proved themselves to be
Tensers by })ayments, in times past, of the Tenser's
lines. Of John Bromhall, Raker, we read {Transactions
vol. iij), "It was objected to his vote that he was no
Burgess, in support of which it was pi'oved that he had
paid Tensershi]) several years, and that his fiather had
paid toll. This Tensership is a fline or acknowledgment
commonly paid by persons following trade in the town
that aic no Burgesses, but it being insisted that it was
paid through ignorance or mistake, lils (father was
called and admitted to ))i-ovc that he had voted at a
former election for this Borough, whereupon the Mayor
admitted his vote, but upon examining a copy of the
Poll for the year 1G7G, it appears that all the ffamily
of this Bromhall were U))on a scrutiny rejected as not
>urgcssi\s.
ii. I'licy compiised also among their number many
ti'adesiiit'n waiting to lie made Burgesses. We learn
this disiiiiclly (Vom an ordinance oC the Corporation of

262 TENSERS.

Leicester passed in the year 1467, to the eftect that
every person opening a sliop in the town shoukl pay
yearly 3s. 4d. till he enter into tlic Chapman Gild
(Nichols' Co. of Leicester, i. 376). There were several
causes which would account for the existence of this
class. The towns grew increasingly jealous of extend-
ing their privileges, as these became valuable. The
Gildsnien would also desire to learn soniewliat of the
character of the new-comer before admittin^: him to
full membership with themselves, while on the other
hand the Tenser would wish to see whether the trade
of the town were sufficiently prosperous to warrant him
settling permanently in the borough. This would
especially be the case with the new Welsh towns which
grew up after Edward I.'s conquest of the Principality.

The townsmen, however, did not approve of the
growth of a wealthy class of traders, sharing almost
equal privileges with themselves, and at the same time
not liable to the burdens which were the necessary
accompaniment of those privileges. They, therefore,
made it incumbent upon every Tenser who evidently
was sufficiently satisfied with the trade of the town to
make the borough his permanent home, and who had
attained to a fair com})etency, that he should throw in
his lot fully and completely with them. lie must
become in fact a full Burgess.

This is carefully explained in the " Ordinances of the
City of Worcester." These are regulations concerning the
trade of the town datino- from the reifrn of Edward IV.
No. xlvij says: — " Also that euery Tensure be sett a re-
sonable lyne, aft^ the discression of the Aldermen, and
that euery Tensure that hath ben w^-yn the cyte a yere
or more dwellynge, and hath sufficiaunt to the valo"" of
xls. or more, be warned to be made citezen, by reson-
able tyme to hym lymitted, and iff he refuse that, that
he shalle yerly pay to the comyn cofre xld., ouer that
summe that he shalle yerly pay to the Baillies or eny
other officers ; and so yerly to contynue tylle he be
made citezen." ( I'^ny. OiUls, [>. 394/

Sr>S.'

TENSERS. 263

iii. There were, thirdly, those who had fallen from a
higher state through misfortune or other cause. We
read of individuals surrendering their freedom and
paying the Tenser's line. " He withdrew and surren-
dered tlie freedom to the Commonalty, and now pays
toll." (Gross ij. 240).

As resrarded their dealino^s other

8. Their relations than commercial in nature, the ten-

icith the dency was to assimilate the Tensers

httrgesses. and the Townsmen. In a grant made

to Shrewsbury by Henry VI. and

confirmed by Parliament in 1445, the same privileges

are extended to the Tensers as are |)Ossessed by the

Burgesses in thematter of exemption from the necessity

of finding bail in certain cases. Similarly at Worcester

the ''Tensures" shared with the citizens the rio-ht to

the assistance of the afferors in cases of wroncfful or

excessive amercement. (Eng. Gilds, 394).

Nevertheless, where commercial
y. Later history, privileges were at stake the distinc-
tion was rigidly preserved by every
means in the possession of the Townsmen. The tenser's
line was maintained up to the present century, though
not without considerable difficulty. On every hand
there were evidences that the Companies had outlived
their usefulness. Friction was everywhere prevalent.
Competition and Individualism had taken the place of
custom and co-operation. At Winchester there were
grievous complaints of intruders who did " use Arts,
Trades, Misteries and manual occupations . . . without
making any agreement or Composition for soe doing,
contrary to the said antient usage and custome, tending
to the utter und^eing of llio iieemen . . . and decay
of the same Citty." At Shrewsbury as elsewhere the
records of the Companies detail little else than sum-
monses to intruders to take uj; thcnr freedom and
actions at law Liiiainst them ibr rel'usinii' to do so.
( uiicrul denioralisat ion |»revailed, and the cxislcMice of
a class liulding sucli an e(|uivocal- position as (hat of the

264 TENSERS.

Tensors did not help to mend matters. The case of
Jolm Bromhall which we have mentioned above ilhis-
trates the o'eneral looseness which prevailed in all
departments of municipal administration. A ludicrous
incident in connection with the institution which
we have been considering which occurred in thess
later years is recorded by Gongh in his Antiiiuities
of MijddJc, [>agc 53, j>ublished in 1834. " Tliis llichard
Mucklesten was of a bold and daring sjjirit, and could
not brook an injury ullered to him. He commenced a
suit ao'ainst the town of Shrewsbury for exactino- an
imposition on him which they call tentorshipp, and did
endeavor to make void their charter, but they gave
him liis burgess-ship to be quiet."

The Companies were preserved from repetitions of
this strange indignity by the passing of the Municipal
Corporations Act of 1835. This statute took away
from them all exclusive privileges of trading, and
decreed that " every person in any borough may keep
any shop for the sale of all lawful wares and merchan-
dizes by wholestde or retail, and use every lawful trade,
occupation, mystery, and handicraft, for hire, gain, sale,
or otherwise, within any borough." (Statutes 5 and G
Will. IV., c. 7ij, par. 14). hi these words, which
might seem the echo of Magna Carta (par. 14) through
the centuries, liberty of trading was made a fact
throughout England, and there could be no longer any
invidious distinction between freemen and non-freemen,
hansarii and custumarii, gildsmen and tensers,

2G5

SFIREWSBUEY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

TUANSCRIBED AND EDITED 13Y THE ReV. C. H. DUINKWATEU, M.A.

Vicar of St. George's, Shrewsbury.

It would not, perhaps, be wise fco describe this as a
" Lay Subsidy Roll ;" neither the heading nor the
contents would warrant so definite a conclusion. It
has indeed some of the characteristics of those valuable
records, but it differs from them in its scope, as not
including those who we should suppose were the heads
of the principal families, and on that account not to be
passed by.

In the heading there is a very indistinct word of two
or three letters, which I read air', and extend so as to
make an-cnujiis (arrears). If I am right in doing so,
we get a clue to the actual character of tlie roll. It is
a supplementary roll dealing with arrears, which, for
some reason, had not previously been collected. The
same word occurs frequently in that part of the roll,
which is too indistinct to be read connectedly, and so
apparently confirms this conclusion. The date is given
anno xxvi^^, wliich could only be the 26th year of
Henry III., Edward I., or Edward III. That it wa5
the last of these is proved by the mention of the Earl
of Arundel, Richard, who died not Liter than A.D.
137 G, and by the name of the Sheriff John de Burton,
known to have been Sheriff a few years later, but
not alive in the reign of the two former. (In him, by
the way, we get an addition to our roll of Sheriffs, not
mentioned by Blakeway). Regarding it therefore as a
levy of arrears arising out of a previous subsidy, and of
the date of 1352, we shall see that it refers to a very
interesting period, end would have been very valuable
if it Imd been perfect and not injured by damj) and

Vol. Ill , 'Jiul S. ' ' (UJ

266 SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

rough handling. The face of it can easily be read, only-
two or three words being at all doubtful, but the hack
has suffered so much that only 71 lines out of 81 can
be made out satisfactorily, and unfortunately the lost
parts seem to have been the most valuable, as contain-
ing explanations, and perhaps reasons for the persons
mentioned having fallen into arrears. A rendering of
the heading will show that we cannot call it a Lay
Subsidy Ivoll.

" John de Burton, Sheriff of Salop, to the Bailiffs of
the liberty of Salop greeting. On the part of the
King I command you to make a levy for the under-
mentioned arrears out of the form and outgoing from
the operatives, artisans, and serving-men in-the-presence
of Richard Earl of Arundell and his assessors in the
twenty sixth year."

Concerning John de Burton we find that Blakeway
recognises him as Sheriff a few years later, but leaves
us to suppose that the previous Sheriff' had continued
m office for several years, including A.D. 1352. As
this is an imperfect statement, we may be sure that
Mr. Blakeway cannot have inspected this roll.

The endorsements are in modern writing.

(1) C/Ourt Leet, no date.

(2) 26 II. E. 1.

When these endorsements were made more than 60
years ago, it is evident that the roll had not been read
with any degree of attention.

At the foot of the /ace of the roll, the total has been
placed, which reads, "Sum of the roll viij//. x)J5. xd." (a
correct computation).

A seal has been affixed, not a vestige of which
remains, which would most likely have been that of the
Sheriff John de Burton.

Johannes do Burton vicccomos Salop' balivis lil)crtatis villo
Salop' salutuni. K^ parLo doiiiini Uegis vobis mando (piod
lovai'O liuuatis dt; arrcra^iis suliscriptis I] i'uiina cl c.xilii do
oiicraloriliiis, arliiicilms ct. .st;rvii'iiLibus coram IJicardo ('(^ujILo
Arundell el soeiis suiy anno xxvj^".

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

267

E Johannc Ic tornor...
I'] lloiirico Ic Ciirtcro
E Nicholao lo sadder
E Johaimo filio AJe lo

taillor
E Rieai'do Prodliom ...
E Pliilippo I'abro
E Willolmo Aicocessono
E Johannc llokden' ...
E Ada do IJorleton ...
E Rieardo de richford
E Thoma Ponnonter

(Pyniotcr) ..
E Uefanaldo de Liuches
E Rogero do Wommo
E Johannc de Mardelay
E Ada del Newport ...
E Johannc fabro ad

portara Castelli
E Johannc lo lokyer...
E Johannc Bidy
E Johannc lo Freremon
E Willolmo Gainiser...
E Thoma ilaymound
E Willolmo Donn . .
K Johannc lo IJlako ...
F Willolmo do llaborlayo
b] Nicholao Yvo
E Johannc lo Fischer
E Thoma do Eyton ...
E littoljohanno
E Roberto ie couporo
E Roberto lo (Jlovorc
E Eygnon lo cou[)crG
E Rieardo le sporyerc
E Waltoro do Fockenham
E Nicholao Cans taillor
E Rieardo do Gotten
E Ilugono de Chesewar-

^l^p^

E Tlioma IJorrey
1*] .lohiiunc do (Jhestrc
!•] Ilugonc do ^>(;;'Cotoa
E Willolmo do Rodon
E Willolmo Strawelouc

vs.

F

Yd.

b]

xijiZ.

E

E

xl.Z.

1?

xll.

K\](L

E

\]S.

xV]d.

E

xi}d.

E

E

v]d.

E

v']d.

E

y\d.

E

y^d.

E

vjd.

E

i]s.

A J

E

ijs.

E

xld.

E

ijs.

vi'i.

E

y'yl.

E

xll.

i:

ijs.

K

ijs.

E

x\d.

E

vjd.

F

ij.s.

E

xi)(^.

E

xijfZ.

E

x[]d.

E

xij(i.

ijs.

E

x\d.

E

VJ(/.

1^:

Xl(/.

E

E'

xij(^.

E

VJ(^.

xij<^.

E

xij(^.

ijs.

E

Willolmo do Nouton vj(/.
Dauid le Walsho ... v}d.
Willolmo Ballo ... x\]d.
Rieardo fabro sub Wyla xll.

Nicholas lo ft'aror
Ada Camprith'
Rogci'o le Skryuoyn'
Tiiomacarectario Wil-
Iclmi lie Smethocoto
Johannc Don
Rieardo Beget
Waltero do IJrome
Alano Begot
Rogcro do hcnnccotc
ISimonc lo lUesshewer
Johanne Lowe
Hiigone do Cobbeleye

Howell

Reginaldo le coupere

Rieardo le whclwryghte vs.

Margarcta tic Pc|)pe-

lowc

Johannc do Peynton

Rieardo de Derlaston

JohaiHio do Murydon

vjd.

vj(^.

xijc^.

xijcZ.

x\d.

ijs.

vjd.

xijcL

xijc/.

ijs.

ijs.

xij(i

vjcZ.

vid.
xi]d.
x\]d.
x\]d.

Willolmo Broyginlcler vj^^.

xij.i.

Rogcro do Acton
Reginaldo lo Sheror
St(3[)hano Cliiken ...
Margarota Vaghan
Wiliclmo J].)olcg ...
Rieardo liennocote
Philij)po de Notyng-
ham

Agneta Mustard ...
Margarota 1 Jorrey . . .
Lucia do Fllcsmorc
Rieardo do Frcahvc
Thoma le Kent eartere

Rogcro de Enche-
morssh carnilox' ...

Ilugonc i\o Mutton
j)istar

Johannc Ivnokyncor-
visor

iij(^.

'\]d.

xviij(/.

xij,/.

xid.

xij(/.

vjt^.

'ijs.
xij(^.
xijt^.

iijs.

xiyL
\\]d.
x\d.

2G8

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

E Roberto do Ncubold viij«(.
E UicarJo de Wigi^c-

more ... ... xlt?.

E Ricardo do Poliloye xi)(/.

E Ricardo Ic Baker ... xUl.

b] Juhannc socero ejus vjc^.

E Ada Ic Ravkcr ... ij.s.

E Johanno lo Darker iij.s.

E Johanne do Preston xiji?.

E Johanne Staleworth x'lid.

E Atha le Saw3'er ... xijci

E Thoma de Ilarkascote vjcZ.

E Hngone Blisbyn ... vyl.

E Thoma le l)3'cro ... xi]d.

E Willelmo de We.stbury ijs.

E llugonc le Wcbbc... xijc^

E lloberto Mountgoraeri vyl.

E WiilchTio do Moneford xijf?.

E Editha Borrey ... ijs.

E Reginahlo le Wobbe
E Johanne le Webbe
E Johanne carectario

Reginald! Skryveyn
Johanne Bidy et Rogero

Acton sherer plcg'
E Ricardo carpentario
E Roberto Hod pistar
E Ricardo le lllcsshewer'
E Waltero de Chircbe-

bury
E Ricardo Bryde
E Willelmo Kecli
E Rogero Belle
E IIu<'"one de Crissacje
E Willelmo le correor
E. Willelmo Charnes

S'' rot viij/z". xijs. xd.

ijs.
xij(Z.

xijcZ.

x'lyl.
x\]d.
xijc?.

viij(/,.

xijcZ.

x\]d.

viijc/.

ijs.

ijs.

vj(Z.

(That which follows forms the hack of the roll) : —

Willelmo Godbett...
Thoma de Derlaston
Willelmo do Osewal-
dcstre

Willelmo Bruch ...
Thoma de Marton...
W^illelmo Pygot ...
Jolianne Trowcr ...
Willelmo de Prieez
Simone do Ercalwo
Tlioma Sir'hiiglie
Glut lo corcor
Ricardo Michel
Hugone faraulo ejus
Willelmo le coreor

IJS.

vi(/.

IJS.

xd.

i\d.
yu]d.

xUl.
xi\d.

\']d.
'n\']d.

iyL
xijcZ.

xijrZ.
x[\d.

Johanne de Polileye xviijcl

Jolianne Syr
llenkyno socero ejus
Willelmo do I^-ayton
mason

Rogero le huntere...
Wdlfero de ^'cykes-
wardyn

v\\d.
xld.

x\d.
x\d.

E Henrico Turhevville \id.
E Johanne de Lente-

wardyn ... ... ijs.

E Willelmo de . . . .

Stretton ... .. xld.

E Roberto de Stretton ijs.

E Johanne do Doniton xviijtZ.

E Waltero de Wykwyk ijs.

E Hugone de Lye ... ijs.

E liicardo de Chirbury x'\]d.
E Rogero de Welyngtoii ijs.
E Petro le coreor (or

coupere) ... ... xijo?.

E Johanne Ic cartere

de Ecokshetc ... xijJ.
E II . . . G . . . de

Hennecote ... ... \']d.

E Johanne de Ondc ...

E Ricardo Godbett ...

E Thoma de Knokyn xi\d.

E Nicholao de Acton xviijeZ.

h] W'illolino do Mcrlowe ijs,

E Ricardo Ballard ... xijtZ.

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

269

E Hiigonc Shitte ... vij(^. E Johannc fabro ad

E Rogcro (Ic Wygwyk ijs. portain castoUi ... xijc/.

E Dauid lo parkcr do E Rogcro do Farmecoto xkl.

ITrankvilc xijV. E Walterodc W . . . on x\d.

E Willcliao Ic barker -^ij^^- ^ xvj(Z.

E Ricardo lo comber x'ul. E Adaiuo Cully ... si\(l.

E riiilippo do Leyiit- E Johannc Godlobras YJ(/.

wardyn xl(/. E Waltcro do Miidlc... ijs.

E Willclnio do Drayton X(/. E Rogcro do Hasten... v'yl.

E Johannc Donyn ... viij'?. E Ricardo dc Lynches ijs.

E Ricardo Ic llaror ... xVyl. E Ilicardo dc Froddcslcy ij.s.

E Johannc dcllaghmon \'[d. E Thonia dc Pctton ... vyl.

E Johannc dc la Ounncdc . . . dc Salop dc arrcragiis

pacavit Lx.xv . . . \s pro famulis suis apiid 0 . . .

drag] 1 ton . . . F

E Willclnio Stury dc arrcragiis custodicndi niancria de Wes-

biria ct llorton .... xij/6. \]s. y\\]d.
E Willclino dc CJiirchury . . p' , . . etiam . . xxiijZi. xviijs.
E codem Willo dc divcrsis in quibus in arrcragiis pro cotnitc

a no gard . . .
E Johannc dc F dc Salop' de arrcragiis Fra . . . xijZi.

xviiJ8, ob.'

E Ricardo de llolt Frat Hcginaldi scryvcner.

E Thonia M . . . tcrey do Hen p. . . . ij.s.

E 'I'hoina dc la Hallo pro fin

K Waltcro dc sadclcr })r3 eodcni.

E llogcro dc Upton carpentarius dc . . . lin

E Waltero le llokalton . . .

E Willclmo dc Albcrbury mason x,s-.

E Ivicardo Ic coupcrc de la Wylc

E Nicholao dc Wcmmc carpcntario pro

E Ricardo le prodkom xd.

BAPTISMAL NAMES.

These and the number of tlie times of their recur-
rence may prove interesting to some of our readers.

Julm 3G, William 29, Pdchard 27, Thomas 15, Roger 13, Hugh 10,
Walter 9, Nicholas 6, Kcginald 5, liobort a, Ailam 4, Margaret '3,
Piiilip ;}, David 2, Henry 2, Simon 2, Eygnon 1, Alan 1, Howell 1,
Ste|)iien 1, Agues 1, Lucia 1, Atlia 1, Editha 1, Clia (?) 1,
lleukyu 1, Peter 1.

The female names are only put down to render the
list complete, no conclusion can be drawn from them,

270 SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

they occur only by accident. They are Margaret,
Agnes, Lucia, and Editha. Atha is a man's name,
which seems unique. GHa too, if it be read aright, is
pecuhar, but I am inchned to regard it as very doubt-
fuL Of the rest, John, Wilham, and Tlichard head the
hst, just as they did in the" Merchants' Gild." They
are followed at some distance by Thomas, Hugh,
Walter, Nicholas, lleginald, Robert, and Adam in a
gradually descending scale of favour; Philip, David,
Henry, Simon complete the list of those who appear at
least twice. We may not think it strange that Eygnon
is a solitary instance in 180 names, for it is plainly a
Welsh name, but that Peter and Stephen, both Scrip-
tural names, should not recur argues little in favour of
the Christian zeal of the preceding age. " They repre-
sent the Church's Calendar rather than the Church's
Bible. They are the extract of sacred legends rather
than of Holy Writ " (Bardsley's English Surnames,
p. 99).

SURNAMES.

** Surnames," says Mr. Bardsley, " were the simple
result of necessity when population, hitherto isolated
and small, became so increased as to necessitate further
particularity than the merely personal one could
supply." At the close of his introductory chapter he
divides them under four several headings. Local Sur-
names, OlHcial Surnames, Occupation Surnames, and
Sobriquet Surnames or Nicknames. In the following
list specimens of each of these divisions will be found.

Acton (Oaktown) place-name in Boolcg (Bowleg, lor bctter,a place-
Shropshire, name Booley).

Aicocassonc (Adcocksson ?) Borrcy (found also in M. G.)

Ballard (Ballart in Merchants Broygirdelcr (B-cgirdler, a brace

Gild). maker, see Bardsley, p. 3ii)).

Ballo (Bald, calvus). Brydo.

Beget (Bcgeth in M. G., compare Bruch (compare JJrock {taxus), a

Becket). badger, and JJroc/cell, a bLag in

Belle (le Bel found in Gal. Kot. its 2nd [1 3rd) year).

Orig.) Gamprilh.

Bidy (Uidi or Bydy in i\l. G.) Gaus (a place-name in Sluop-

Blisbyn. uliiru).

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352,

271

Charnes (see BailifFa' Accounts,
note 59).

Cluitwalle (as a place in M. G.)

Chikcn (Philip and John Ciiikin
in Huudru'l Rolls and in M. Ci).

Colly (found also in M. G.)

Don (Donne, Cal. Inq. Post
Mortem).

Donyn.

Frankyn (usually Franklyn).

Gamiscr (stuffed doublet maker).

Godbett (usually Godbert).

Godlebras.

Gyr.

Haymouud (originally Hamo, or
from riagmon, as in M. G.)

Hennecot (a place-name).

Hod (compare Ilodere, a panyer
carrier).

Hokdenc (compare Hockday, 2nd
Sunday after Easter).

Howell (or lloel, common Welsh
baptismal name).

Kech (in M. G. le Kct, the fierce,
the bold).

Knokyn (a place-name, Gmvch-
ddin, Welsii, Jacquetta Knokyn
is found in the Lancashire
Chauntries, one of the publica-
tions ul" the Chetham Society).

Litteljohn.

Lowe (Lowth in M. G.)

Micliel (found in M. G, mnchel,

Monterey (a place-name).

Mountgomeri (do.)

Mustard (i.e., nuistarder, a con-
diment seller).

Prodhom (compare Prudhomme,
Prodhomme and Pridham).

Pygot (compare Pykot, Picot, and
Pigot).

Pymoter (compare Parmunter,
Parmentier, and Painicnter),

Scryveyn (compare Scrivener and
Scrivayns).

Shitte (usually Shutto).

Sir'hughe.

Staleworth.

Strawelove (found in M. G.}

Stury (found in M. G.)

Syr.

Trower (derived from Thrower or
Throwster).

2'«rbcrville.

Vaghan (Vachan in M. G.)

Yve (found in M. G.)

TRADES AND DESIGNATIONS AND TIMES OF
THEIR OCCURRENCE.

Le baker, 1 .
„ barber (]).

,, barker, 3, preparer of bark for the tanner.
,, blakc, 1, the swart man.
,, carU're, 2.

,, comber, 1, a carder of wool.
,. corrcor or corcur, 1, either for corviscr, i.e., cord waner, cordovaner,

a worker of Cordovan leather, or less likely for corser, a

dealer in horses (coursier).
„ coupcre, 4, cooper.
„ dyeie, 1.

,, faber, 1, blacksmith.

,, ll'aior, '2, farrier (i.e., ferrier), a horse shoer.
„ lischer, 1.

272

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

„ fllessliewere, 2, either for llebher, i.e. butcher, or fletcher, an arrow
featherer.

,, fredinon or frereuion, 1, either freedmau or friarsman.

,. glovere, 1, now glover.

,, luuitere, 1.

„ Kent, 1, the Kentish man.

,, lokyer, 1, locksmith.

,, parker, 1, park keeper.

,, sadeler, 1.

,, sawyer, 1.

,, scryveyner, 2, a scribe.

,, sherer, 2 (or sherman), a shearer of woollen cloth rather than of the
sheo[) itself.

,, sporyere, 1, spurmaker, spurrier.

,, taillor, 2.

,, tornere, 1, tumor.

,, Wak-ihe, 1, the Welshman.

,, webbe, 2, a maker of woollen cloth, or the web thereof.

,, whelwryghte, I.

,, Broygirdeler, 1, or Bracegirdler, Bregirdler, or brailer, a maker of
waistbands or suspenders for breeclies (braies).

,, carcctarius, 1, a carter.

,, carpentarius, 3.

,, carnifex, 1, a slaughterman.

,, corvicer, 1, coivicer, a worker in leather. See correor above.

,, gamiser, 1 ('/), a stutfcd doublet (gambcson) maker.

,, mason, 2.

,, permonter, 1, permentarius, possibly for pergamcntarius, a parch-
ment maker.

,, pistar, 2, a baker.

PLACE-NAMES.

Acton(there arc at least six Actons

in Shropshire, probably Acton

Burnell).
Alberbury.
Bed) ton (now Bicton, another

near Clun).
Birleton or Borleton (2 m, E.

from Baschurch).
Booleg (3 m. N. from Shawbury).
Bromo (Broom, near Carding-

ton).
Broseleyc (now Broseley).
Chescwardyn (now Cheswardine,

near Market Drayton),
Cliestrc (now Ohester).
Cliirbuiy (once written (Jhier-

burv).

Cliirehebury (same as preceding'

anciently Cyricbyrig).
Cobbcleye (? Cobrey, near Boss,

Coberley, near Cheltenham),
Cressage (formerly Christesache,

i.e., Christ's-oak, compare

Christesethe in M. CJ.)
Cunnede (now Cound).
Derlastou or Darlaston (5^ m.

N. E. from Wem).
Doniton (three Doningtons in

Shroi^shire).
Drayton (i.e., Drayton-in-Hales

or Market Drayton).
Ecokshete (now Cockshut, also

Ecok/.c'te, b(.i ween Middle and

l']ik'.siiici\',aiiolliei'in:ii' l.udidw )

SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

273

Ellesmere.

Enclieinerssh (2 m. N. from Car-

diuglou).
Ercalwe (now High Ercall).
Eytou (at least five Eytons in

Shropshire).
Farniecote (near Claverloy).
Fcckcnham (in Worcestershire,

near Rcdditch).
Fettes (now Fitz).
Fraulivile (also Frankcwile, now

Frankwell).
Froddesley.
Gettin or Gattin (a township in

Katlingliope parish),
llabbcrlayc (now Haberley).
llaghnion (Ilaughmond).
Ilalle (Ifallon 1, a hamlet adjoin-
ing Worfield).
Harlascnte (or Harlescote in

liberties of Shrewsbury).
Hasten (1 m. from Hadnal).
Ilatton (three Ilattons in Shrop-
shire).
Hencotc and Ilennecote {1^ m.

north of Shrewsbury).
Holt (Holt Preen in parish Car-

dington, but ?J
Hokafton (Hockleton, 1 ni. N. E.

from Chirbury, compare Yock-

leton).
Horton.
Knokyn ('now Knockin, i.e.,

Cnwchddiii).
Lentewardyn and Leyntewardyn,

(now Leintwardine).
Linchesand Lynches (a farm near

Yockleton^.
Lyc(? Lyth, south of Shrewsbury)
Marche (U m. N. W. by N. from

Westbury, now ^farah).
iMardelay ('( Madcloy).
Martou (three places at least of

this iiaiiu;).
Mcrlciwe (i Marlow in Linc'oln-

Hliii(>, nr soiiii' place! now lust).
Moncfonl (now Mmilfurd).
Miidlc (iH.w MiddioV
Murideu (or Muridou).

Mutton (now Mytton).

Newbold (probably Nobold, near
Nicole Brace).

Newton (seven Newtons in Shro})-
sliire),

Newport (occurs as A^ovus huryus
in M. G.)

Notyngham.

Onde (?)

Osewaldcstrc (now Oswestry).

Pcppelowe (now Peplow in Hod-
net parish).

Percoton (?)

Petton (a parish between Middle
and Ellesmere).

Peynton (? Poynton in High
Ercall parish).

Pichford (7 m. S. of Shrewsbury,
now Pitchford).

Polilcyc (now Pulley, Polileg in
M. G.)

Preston (at least five places of
this name).

Prieez (now Prees).

Piodcn (a small village in High
Ercall parish),

Salop (otherwise Salop])' J.

Smethecote (now Smetlicott).

Strctton (most likely Church
Strettou).

^Vykeswardyn (? first two letters
doubtful).

Upton (four places of this name).

Welyngton (Waliton, Wclinton,
now ^Vellington).

Wennne (now Wem).

Westbury.

Wyggcmore (Wigmore in Here-
fordshire, Gwigmawr, great
forest).

Wyirgwyk, or Wykwyk (now
Wig wig, from the Welsh Gwig,
a wood or forest, a jdaco in the
p.irish of Much Wunlock).

Wyla (a stivrt in Slii\'wslnM-y).

Wyio (liu' l'\iicst of Wyre wa.s
fornu'i'ly in Slirojisliirc, mdw
principally in Wiuccsli'rsliirij).

274 SHREWSBURY TAX ROLL OF 1352.

This list of Place-names shows the need which exists
of forming a complete record of all the names in Shrop-
shire, hoth ancient and modern. Such a list ought to
include nor merely towns, villages, and hamlets, but
isolated houses, large and small, and field names. To
carry this out the index now in course of preparation
would be of great assistance, and every fresh document
transcribed would furnish more. Populous villages and
hamlets have in some instances disappeared, and others
are only represented by a single house, the very name
of which suggests the need of further inquiry. Cobbe-
leye, Merlowe, Murlden, Onde, Pcrcoton, and Tejkes-
wardyn, found in this document are instances in point,
and a glance at the Ordnance Map will furnish others.
For such a work the index of Place-names in Eyton
would form a good basis, and if it were made to include
position witli respect to known ])laces, the name of the
parish, district, or hundred with references to books
and documents where the [)laces are mentioned, together
with changes of spelling, its value would be much
enhanced.

It is to be hoped that someone with more leisure
than tlie present writer may be induced to draw up
such a list which might be printed with wide margins
so as to afford room for information to be gained from
sources at present unavailable.

275

GRA.NT OF A GARDEN IN MUUIVANCE,

SIIllEWSBURY, BY JOHN HOORD, Esq.,

IN A.D. 1481.

Transcribed and Edited ijy the Uev. C. II. DIUNKWATER, M.A.,
Vicar of St. (Jeouge's, Shrewsbury.

The following deed is referred to by the Rev. W. A.

Leig-liton in his notes on the " Shrewsbury of Past
Ages" (in vol iv. of these Transactions, page 118), and
he gives an abstract in the following terms : —

Grant dated 21 Edward IV. from John Hoord of Salop Esq.
to Ludovic Lye of Salop Weaver and Jolianna his ^Yifc of a
garden in the street of MuryvancG extending in length 19
woollen yards from the cemetery of the old Chapel of St.
Blaso to the royal way and in width 13 yards from John
Gamel's tenement to land belonging to the Confraternity of
Weavers of Salop.

I think that this deed deserves to be copied in extenso
for several reasons. If Mr. Leighton had done so, he
would most likely have given some exj)lanation of
several interesting allusions, and perhaps have modified
his sweeping statement, which IMiillips, however, was
the first to advance, that " Muryvance was a comprehen-
sive name for Swan Hill and Belmont," whereas it is dis-
tinctly called "a street " (vicus) in this document. He
nowhere says anything about the "royaltuay" (via regia),
which is a very noticeable expression. Nearly all tlie
streets and roads in the old town had designations
which argued extreme antiquity, and we can for the
most part identify them. The royal way is, how-
ever, an exception, and we an; loft to collect its route
from scattered notices found in various deeds and other

Vol. Ill , 2iid S, 11 H

276 GRANT OF A GARDEN IN

documents of early times which have been preserved,
especially those which are still to be seen in the
Archives of the Abbey, and ali'eady transcribed by Mr.
Leighton in vol. i. {\)p. 21-48) of the 1st vol. of our
Transactions, These notices prove that the whole
route from St. Giles' Church to the Stone Bridge was
known by this name. Other notices carry the name
through the outskirts of the town nearly to the Austin
Friars, and show that the name was given to the route
inside the walls of the town from the one bridge to the
other. It may have gained this name in part from
having been a way to the Pengwern Palace, where
the British kings resided. It is certainly found as a
boundary to a plot of land on Cleremond (vol. iv.,
IIG), near Blake Halle, the residence of the present
Vicar of St. Chad.

In the transcript a few words are doubtful, they are
in italics, the deed is in very fair condition, only frayed
a little at the folds and slightly injured by damp.

I have added a few notes from the Ilistonj of Shrews-
hury and other sources.

Hoc indentura facta inter This indenture made bo-

Jolianncm IlounV- de Salop' twcen John lloord^ of Salop

arinigoruin ex parte una ot Esquire, on the one part and

Lodowicuni Lye" de cadeni Lotlovic Lye- of the same,

wever^ et Johannem uxorcm weaver'^ and Joanna his wife

ejus ox parte altera testatur on the otlier part, witiiesscth

quod predictus Johannes tra- that the aforesaid John has

didit concessit et ad feodi delivered, granted, and let to

firmam diniisit prefatis Lodo- fee-farrn, to tlie aforesaid

wico et Johanne unum gar- Lodovic and Joanna one

dinum cum suis pertinentiis garden with its appurtenances

in villa Salop' situatum iu in the town of Salop situate in

1 Hoard. — I cannot find this name or anything like it in any old
recoi'd.

- Lye. — The same may be said of Lye, thcugh Tiyth, Lowth, and
Lci^h are found. A liobcrt do Lye is witness to a dci'd in I'iTO
(vol. iv., 117). liyu is the audicnt name of tlie [)lai;e callcl Lylh.
(If. Lydihill.

■' Wii'ir. Tliis l'lnL;li.sh word in a Latin deed is peeuHar, especially
as the eunfraternily mentioned jjelow is that of Ic.'/oriiin.

MORIVANCE, SUREWSBURY. '2.11

vico de muryvance* cxtendit the street of Muryvance* And

que se in lonG^itudine novem it extends in length nineteen

decern virg-as Lmoas'' a ceine- woollen-' yards from the ccine-

terio cajielle veteris Saneti tcry of the old Chapel of St.

Dlasii** usque ad viam rcgiam^ IJlaise^ up to the royal way^

* Muryvance. — This, says Mr. Leighton, was " at that period a
comprehensive name for Swan Hill and Behnont," latterly restricted
to the more southerly portion of that district. [Transactions, 1st S.,
iv., lis).

^ Vir^ts laneas. — What does this particular measure represent?
Virga is a rod or wand, a badge of office. Vii-ga ferrea a yard
measure according to the King's standard in the Exchequer, which
anciently was of iron (ferrum), but latterly of brass. In a deed
belonging to Leominster I'rioiy, it is mentioned, "dedi unam place-
tam tcrrte . . . cujus latitudo in fronte continct in so virgas ferreas
priotcr ununi quarterium et totidem a retro, Ac," but virr/a lanea is
nowhere e.\i)lained ; it seems to mean the yard which was used for
measuring cottons, i.c , woollen cloth.

•^ Ca}>elle veteris Saneti JJlasii. — This then was an old building in
1481. "The chapel of St. Blase was the domestic chapel of Vaughan's
mansion, and stood opposite in a courtyard now enclosing two good
houses (on College Hill). The ccmctcr}' of St. Blase was near the
bottom of Belmont, for, in making alterations, Air. Foliot Sandford
came on skeletons and bones " (Trans, xi., 93).

"^ Viam regiam. — What was this royal xeay ? Could it have been
the road inside the walls running from bridge to bridge ? Is it else-
where found as a boundary to properties? (See vol. i., 21, 22, 23, 2G,
28, 30, 31, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 43, 47, 48; vol. ii., 221 ; iv., 116, Ac,
&c.) The last of these questions may be answered first. The "royal
way " is found as a boundary to properties in tlie old deeds transcribed
in vol. i. more than 15 times, as via re<jia, regal is via, alta via recjia,
alius vicus (Ic j/'uriet, tlie King's highway, and even the Queen's high-
way (Mary or Elizabeth). These properties range at iutcrvals from
St. (jides' to the Abbey precinct. Other deeds carry it over the
Stone Bridge along the outskirts to what is now St. Chad's Church.
The via regia was therefore a main thoroughfare from St. Giles' in a
direct line to the Welsh Cate, and probably beyond. Its avoiding
the centre of the town is remarkable, as no doubt there was always a
nearer way up the Wyle, along the present High Street and Mardol.
This also answers the second question. It remains to incjuire what a
" n)yal way" was. In JMount .s/<6 vnre we iind the answer. " In Legi-
biis llcMi. I., cap. 80, wo are t(jld 'tis called regia quiv semper aj^crla
et (/Ham nemo eoncluderc jjvtest euin minis suis, quia dncit in civttaicni
vei liuregnni vel por/w?ft Regis ; and mentioning the breadth of it,
Tanta vera debd esse ul inibi duo carri sibi 2)ussHnt obviarc et bnbvlci
de lungn stumblisui puss^uit afsimulare, ct IG {sic) inilites c<iuitare possunl

278

GRANT OF A GARDEN IN

et extendit in latitudine tres-
decom virgas laneas^ a tene-
mento quondam Joliannis
Garaelle^ modo in tonura bcre-
dum Johannis Hardlagh^ ex
parte una usque ad terram
spectantem confratribus artis
tcxtorum^*' vilie Salop' ex
parte altera, Habendum et
tenendum predictumgardinum
prcfatis Lodowico et Joliannc
uxori ejus lieredibus et assig-
natis suis in perpetuum Red-
dendo inde anuatim predicto
Johanni lieredibus et assigna-
tis suis sexdecem denarios ar-
genti ad duos anni terminos
videlicet ad ffesta Sancti
Michaelis Archangeli et An-
nunciacionis beate Marie vir-
ginis equis porcionibus Et si
d ictus anualis rodditus a retro
fuerit non solutus in parte vel
in toto per quindenam post
aliquid festum quo solvi debent
tunc bene liceat predicto
Jobanni lieredibus et assiq'iia-
tis suis in dicto gardino cum
suis pcrtinentiis destringere

and it extends in breadth
thirteen woollen^ yards from
the tenement formerly John
Gamelle's^ now in the tenure
of the heirs of John llardlagh^
on the one part up to the land
looking to the combrethren of
the art of weavers^*^ of the
town of Salop on the other
part, To have and to hold
the aforesaid garden to the
aforesaid Lodovic and Joanna
his wife their heirs and assigns
for ever rendering therefore
yearly to the aforesaid John
his heirs and assigns sixteen
silver pennies at the two terms
of the year namely at the feasts
of Saint Michael the Archangel
and of the Annunciation of
the Blessed Virgin Alary in
equal portions. And if the
said annual rent shall be in
arrear, being not paid in jiart
or in whole for fifteen days
after any feast in which it
ought to be paid, then it shall
be quite lawful to the aforesaid
John liis heirs and assiirns to

armati de latere " that is to tsay, it was not lawful to obstruct it, and
it must be wide enougli for two carts to jiass each other without the
bullocks jostling one another, and for IG (?) horse soldiers to ride side
by side. A goodly way indeed sufficient for all purposes in ancient
times.

^ Johannis Gavielle. — This was one of a very ancient family in
Salop. We read of one John Gamcl who was Provost in 1294, Bailiff
in 1304 and 1311. A Thos. Gamel was Bailiff in 134G and 1353,
another John Gamcl in 1357. John Gamel, senior, Bailiff in 1413,
wliose arms were " 0. 3 hammers, S." The same or another John was
Bailiff in 1424, 1438, 1442 ; elected in place of John Fulke, deceased,
in 1447 and 1451.

'•' JukaiinU llardln<jh. — I cannot liud this person mentioned in any
old record.

"^ Texlin-um. — The Weavers' Company was incorporated in 27th
lleiu-y VI., 1448, 9, but nriy have existed as a voluntary society
before (sec Traits, vi, 18G).

MURI VANCE, SHREWSBURY.

279

et districtioncs sic captas ab-
diiccrc ct penes se rctinere
qiiousque sibi hercdibus ct
assignntis snis de redditu prc-
dicto cum arreragiis cjusdem
[)lL'nariis fuciint satisfacien-
dum Ac si contingat dictum
anualem redditum a retro
fore non solutum in parte vel
in toto per unum annum in-
tegrum ct unum diem post
ali(piid I'estumquosolvi dcbent
ct nulla sufliciens districtiu in
dicto gardino inveniri poterit
tunc bene liccat prefato
Johanni heredibus et assigna-
tis suis in dictum gardinum
cum suis pertinentiis reintraro
et prist inum suum statum
iude reassumerc et retincre in
perpetuum hiis indenturis in
aliquo non obstantibus Et pre-
dictus Johannes et hcredes
sui totum dictum gardinum
cum omnibus suis pertinentiis
prefatis Lodowico et Johanna
uxori ejus liercdibus et assig-
natis suis contra omnes gcntcs
Nvarantizabuntet in])er[<etuum
defcndent per [)rescntes, In
cujus rci testimonium partes
prcdicte partibus harum in-
denturarum sigilla sua alter-
natim apposucrunt hiis testi-
bus Thoma Mitton" et Thoma
rontcsbury'- tunc ballivis villc

distrain upon the said garden
with its appurtenances and
the distraints so taken to carry
away and to retain them in
his own power until to him
his heirs and assigns the rent
aforesaid with the arrears of
the same shall be fully satis-
fied. And if it shall happen
that the said annual rent in
arrear shall not be paid in part
or in wliole for one whole year
and a day after any feast in
which it ouglit to be paid and
no sullicient distraint in the
said garden can be found then
it shall be quite lawful to the
before-mentioned John his
heirs and assigns to re-enter
the said garden and its appur-
tenances and thence to re-
assume his original ownership
and to retain it lor ever, not-
withstanding these indentures.
And the aforesaid John and
his heirs will warrant and for
ever defend the whole of the
said garden with all its appur-
tenances to the beforcmen-
tioned Lodovic and Joanna his
wife their heirs and assigns
against all manner of people
by these presents. In witness
whereof the })arties aforesaid
to the parts of these mdenturcs
have alternately or in turn
set their seals These being
witnes.scs Thomas Mitton^^and
Thomas I'ontisbury'- the

^^ Thdina Myi.ton. — The fuinily of Mutton or Myttoii attained to
grciiL iiiiiueiice in Salop. Thomas Mytton was bailill' iu 1440, 14G4,
14G>S, 147G, 1484, 1488, 14'J-J, 1 li)G, and 1600.

'" 'J'lidiua I'diitesiuri/, M itton'a colleague, was alao Ijuilifl' in 14G0
and 148"J.

280 GRANT OF A GARDEN IN MURIVANCE, SHREWSBURY.

Salop' Thoma Thornes/^ Jo-
hannc Colic/' Johannc Trcii-
tam^^ Armigeris et niultis aliis
Data Salo})' noiio dio mciisis
Marcii anno re.f^ni Regis Ed-
wardi quarti post conquestuni
Angliio vicesimo primo (9'*^
March, 1481).

bailiffs of the town of Salop
Thomas Thorncs^^ J ohn Colle^*
John Trcntam^'"' Esquires and
many others. Given at Salop
on the ninth day of the month
of March in the year of the
reign of King Edward the
fourth after the Conquest of
England the twenty first (D''^
March, 1481).

(Endorsed) 21 Edward 4"' 1481, 2. A Garden in Murivance
a Ceraete'rc Capelle S'ci Ulasij usq. ad via' regiam. (Attach-
ment for one seal which is lost).

(Endorsed) 21^' Edward IV., 1481, 2. A Garden in Muri-
vance From the cemetery of the Chapel of S' Blaise up to the
royal way.

N.B. — The above extension of the abbreviated Latin
of the original deed will afford some help towards the
reading of most of the deeds in vol i., 1st Series, which
are at present exceedingly difficult to an unpractised
reader.

^3 Thoma lliornes. — A Robert Themes was BailifT in 1402 and
1409. A Thos. Thorncs was Ikiliff in 1432, 143G, 1440, he died 20
Jan., 1440, 1. Another Thus, was Bailin' in 147G, 1481, 1485, 1489
(see Owen and Blake way i., 109).

14 Johcume Colic, Bailiff in 1453 and 1475.

1^ Johanne Trentam was Bailiff in 1455, 1459, 1567, 1472. His
escutcheon bore 3 griffins' heads erased S. 2 and 1 (1 4).

That the above were not in ollicc more frei]uently arose from the
rule that no one could liold the otncc of Bailiff, Coroner, or Cessor
within three years of vacating tlic same. That Ihcy were elected so
often points to a dearth of resident men of sullicient qualification to
fill the office of chief magistrate.

281

SELATTYN: A HISTORY OF THE PAPvTSH.

By the Hon. Mrs. BULKELEY-OWEN.

CHAPTER I.

e;KNKHA[. IILSTOTIY AND DHSCENT OF Till-: MANOR.

The Parisli of Selattyii is situated on the exti-eme
north- west of Shro[)shir6, beiiiL^' bouiuled on the north
by Chirk and St. Martins Parishes, whicli lie in Den-
bighshire, on tiie south by Oswestry, the west by
Uhydycrocsau, and the east by Whittington.

it consists of the Township of Porkington, and con-
tains 5,438 acres, and a very scattered [)Oj)ukition of 969.^

The north-west part of the j^arish is very mountain-
ous and picturesque; from " Cyrn y Bwch " (i.e., the
Horns of the Buck), or "Cyrn y Bwlch " (i.e., the
pointed end or Cone of tiie Pass), the view is very
extensive. On one side is the l>erwyn range, on the
otiier you have before you the plain and hills of Shrop-
shire, with the Wrekin in the i'ar distance.

The spelling of the name Cyrn y Bwch varies, but,
in common with all other Welsh names, both render-
ino's have a beautiful meanino-. The former, which is
the most generally accepted, seems to link it to the
legendary foundation of the Ciuu'ch. The latter telling
of a mountain pass, calls to mind the many brave
attempts of the Cymry to retain possession of their
native land.

To the north-east of Cyrn y l>wlch lies Selattyn
moiuitain, which is for the most part iiicapa])lo of culti-
vatiuu. It has a few coLtages built upon the waste.

1 (Vusus of 18D1.

Yi.l. Ill , 2iia S. U

282 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

On the eastern border of Selattyn parish Hes a fine
British encampment called Hen Dinas (i.e., old fortress)
or Old Oswestry, and " antievitly (Jaer Ogyrfan, from a
hero co-existent with Arthur."^

It is thus described in Salopla Antiqua : —

" Hen Dinas is an oblong parallelogram. The base
of the hill occupies at least 50 acres, it gradually tapers
towards the plane oFsite, which is perfectly fiat, whose
area comprehends upwards of 1 5 acres. We pass through
five lines of circumvallation before we gain the top.
Two of these entirely circle the hill, and others do so
partially, being designed for the peculiar defence of the
entrance on the western side, which is less precipitous
than the other. The 1st vallum is drawn round the
base of the hill for a considerable distance. The 2nd
has its relief about 50 feet above the level of the road
below. The parapet is 10 ft. across, and has a counter-
scarp of 6 i't., and the adjoining interior fosse 12 ft.
The urd vallum is G ft. wide across the parapet, having
a relief of 10 ft. above the ditches on either side.
There are indistinct and uncertain indications of another
vallum. The exterior or 4th vallum is about 50 ft.
above the 3rd, its counterscarp is 10 ft., and its width
G ft. The (bssc is about 40 ft. wide. 'i'lic 5th vallum
is much on the same scale, having a slight interior slope
towards the top.

"This fortified eminence is conformable to other posts
of acknowledged British origin, as regards its double
ditches, whilst it is dissimilar to them in the depth and
number of its trenches at the base.

"How great nuist have been the labour expended
upon the construction of this stronghold, which was of
much greater magnitude at its first formation.

"With the exception of the tal>lc land at the top, it is
now entirely covered witli wood and matted fern. So
long ngo as I7G7 as nnicli tinibcL' was cut down on the
laniparls as sold for .i:i,700."

i IV'UiKUit's Toitrs, vol. i.

H?I

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 283

" Basire engraved for the Society of Antiquaries in
1793 a round shield, a foot diameter, found a foot
underground, "witliin the area of Hen Dinas/'

Selattyn hes in Powysland. The earliest authentic
memorial we have of the Kingdom of Powys is the in-
scription on the pillar of EHseg at Valle Crucis, iiear
Llangollen, which dates from tlie Gth century : '' This
is the Ehseg who recovered his inheritance of Povosia
after the death of Cattell by force out of the power of
the Angles by his sword . . . . fire."

Thus in the Gth century Selattyn was still in Wales.
We have no further record until A.D. 774, when Olfa,
King of Mercia, " caused a great ditch to l^e made, large
and deep from sea to sea betwixt his kingdom and
Wales. And this ditch is to be seen in many places as
yet, and is called Clawdd Offa."^

Selattyn is on the English side of the ditch, and has
from that time to this been separated from Wales,
though governed by Welsh rulers at divers times.

" Clawdd Offa extends from the River Wye through
Hereford and lladnor and Montgomery to Llany ray nech
and Tref y Clawdd, over the race course on Caern y
Bwlch above Selattyn, from whence it descends to the
Ceirioi!:, throuo-h Denbio-hshire to Mold."-

"The Brut y Saeson and the Brut y Tywysogion,
two Welsh Chronicles, fix the date of the construction
of Offa's Dyke about A.D. 784. Offa's Dyke consists
of a trench and a mound ; the ditch is invariably on the
Welsh side, and averages 12 ft. in width and G ft. in
depth on the Welsh side. The vallum or mound is
15 ft. in height and 4 ft. across the top, and on the
English side it is 10 ft. dee]>."^

Another Dyke which ifi much less known and also
passes through Selattyn is Wat's Dyke. It has some-
times been confounded with Oil'a's Dyke, probably

' ruwcl'H HiU. of CiOnOria, pai^u 1'.).
" /'nin's /''im/ci/i Vol. ii.
•'' Hulojiia Anti'iKii.

284 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

because in the village of Hope, through Avhich it passes,
it is called Offa's Dyke. It is supposed to have been
made in the time of Offa, but by whom is uncertain.

The name has been supposed to be taken from
"Gwaeth," i.e., the worse; that is the less good to
distinguish the two Dykes from each other, Gwaeth
Dyke, Gwatt's Dyke, or Watt's Dyke.i Mr. Alfred
Palmer in a paper read before the Oymmrodorion
Society (April 29, 1891), states that in a deed of 1431
he found it spelt " Clanwdd Wade," in 1433 " Claud
Wode," and in Norden's Survey of 1G20 " Clauwdd
Wad,'' and he suggests that " Wada " might be the
name of the Mercian General who constructed the
Dyke in the time of King Offa.

Clawdd Wat is continued from Maesbury Mill, in
Oswestry Parish, each side of Hen Dinas or Caer Ogyr-
flm, passes by Pentre Clawdd farm to Gob 0\vain,'^the
site of a small fort called Bryn y Castell, in the Parish
of Drewen, or Whittington, continues through Den-
bighshire and Flintshire, and terminates below the
Abbey of Dinas Basing or Basingwerk, in Flintshire. It
is inferior to Ofla's liyke, its course is not more than
37 miles, its vallum being 11 ft. 6 high, and the fosse
7 ft. wide. 2

^ Although the statement of the Shrewsbury poet,
Thomas Churchyard, is considered to be without foun-
dation, I cannot forbear quoting it here : —

There is a famous thing
Car de Offa's Dyke, that reacheth far in length ;
All kind of Ware the Danes might hither bring.
It was free ground, and cal'de the Britaine's srrength.
AVat's Dyke, likewise about the same was set,
Between which two, both Danes and Britaines met,
And trafficko still, but [)as3ing bounds by flight.
The one did take the prisoner streight."

{Worthines of Wales, printed 1587, rc-printed 1776).

' Salopia Anliqua.
" Satopia Antiqua.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 28 5

A.D. 870, Rodri J\[aiur, King of Wales, divided his
kingdom into three parts, and gave to his third son
JMerfyii the Kingdom of Mathniel or Powys. Cadelh,
the second son, took Powys after the death of his
brother Mervyn.

This Country of Powis was subdivided into Powys
Vadoc, Powys Wenwynwyn, and Powys Mathrauah

Powys Vadoc contained 5 Cantrefs^ and 15 (^vmwds,-
of which the hist, Cantref Rhaiadr, contained part of
Chirkekxnd, also the Lordship of Whyttington, now in
Shroj)shiro.''

Selattyn, being in the Lordshi[j of Whyttington, now
seems to have passed into Welsh hands again, and
thence to Seward, a Saxon. The Shropshire Gazeteer
(1824) states that Bleddyn ap Cynvyn, who ruled
Wales at the time of the Conquest, gave Powis Vadog
to his son Madoc, but the unquestionable authority of
Domesday contradicts that statement.

Whittington, "Wititone, Ptex Edwardus tenuit,"and
Selattyn or Brogyntyn, " Burtone, Seuuard tenuit."
Earl Boger de Montgomery under William the Con-
queror restored it to a Welshman, who may possibly
have been Madoc, son of Bleddyn ap Cynvyn. The
transaction stands thus in Domesday : —

" In Merset Hundredo."

*' Madoc tenet de Comite Haustune et Burtone.
Seuuard tenuit. Ibi ii. hidse^ geldabiles.^ Terra est
iiii carucarum,^ Wasta est."

Seward held many broad lands in Shropshire and
Wales under the rule of Edward the Confessor. The
following is a list of his other possessions : —

^ i.e., Hundreds.

2 Wapentakes.

3 Powcl'.s Hist, of Cambria.

■* Hides. The average value of the hide in Slu'o])siure at the time
of Doim'sday Book was 210 .statute acres.
^ llefora to the tax of Danegeld.
** Caruca, a team.

286 SELA.TTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

In Witentreu Hundred.

Seward, Oslac, and Azor, three thains,^ held 52|
hides adjoining the Castle of Montgomery. They had
them for hunting. They are and were waste.

Seward held in Leighton 1 hide, in Ilhiston 3 hides,
in Churchstoke 5 hides. The same three thains held
12 other hides. They were waste.

Li Hod net Hundred.

Seward and Alfric held Marchamley as two Manors.
Seward held Stanton-upon-IIine-lIeatli, 1 hide.

In Overs Hundred.
He held Tedenesolle, 1 hide.

In Recordia Hundred.

He held Child's Ercall, 3 hides, Upton Magna, 5 hides.

In Mersete Hundred.

He held Weston Ivhynn, 5 hides and 5 berewicks,-
Moreton and Eyton, 5 hides, Weston Cotton, 1 hide,
West Felton, ^ a hide, Cleohury North, 2 hides, and
Seward and Albi together held Osbaston and Kynaston
for 2 Manors of two hides.

In BaschurcJi Hundred.

Seward held Albright Hussey, 2 hides, Little Ness,
3 hides, Middle, 8 hides, Acton Reynald, 3 hides,
Fennymere, j a hide, and Seward, Leviet, Godric and
Algar between them held Grinshill, 3 Manors.

In Ruesset Hundred.

Seward held Winsley, 2 hides, Bausley,^ 1 hide, and
Seward and Alfric together held Eyton, 2 Manors.

^ Thaia in Domesday ajjpears to be applied to freeholders of inferior
estate.

2 Bercwick ; a member of a Manor separated from the rest of it.

3 IJaubley (the Manor of Bolcslei), now the hundred of Doytheur,
in Munt^'oiiicrysliiro. 'i'ho Siiropsliiro Domesday includes many
places in the nciyhbouring Welsh Counties.

3ELA.TTYN : A JIISTORY OF THE PAIUSII. 287

In Condovcr Hundred.

Sewaid held Ptatliiigliope, 2 hides, and Overs, | a
hide, and Fiodesley, 1 hide.

In Fatitanc Ilandred.
Seward and Edric held Oxenbold, 2 Manors.

In Culvtstan Hundred.
Seward and Ehunnd held Bouldon, 2 Manors.

In Lenteurde Hundred.
He held Cheney Longville, \h hides, Letton 1| hides-

In Condretet Hundred.

He held Neen Sulkirs, 1 Manor, Hopton Wafers, 3
hides.

In Ovret Hundred.

He held Coreley, 2 Manors.

In Colmestane Hundred.

He held Stanton Lacy, 20 hides, Aldon, 2^ hides.

We are told in a Charter of the leiger book of
Shrewsbury Abbey that " Siward the Gross" was lord
of the spot on \vliich Shrewsbury Abbey stood, and that
a wooden chapel dedicated to St. Peter had been built
by him there befoi'e.

The Charter says that Earl Roger gave to Siward in
lieu of the site of the Abbey a vill named Longafeld
(i.e., Cheney Longville). This and Frodesley and Overs,
3 hides altogether, were all that remained to him of his
vnst possessions. Siward is also mentioned as " a noble
priest," who belonged to the Church of S. Peter and
S. Paul. He was an educated man, as Ordericus Vitalis,
the Norman Historian, was instructed by him.^

We do not know if Seward ever visited the then
waste and mountainous region of Sclattyn ; in all pro-
babiUty he never did, except for purposes of the chase.

^ Owen unci Blakewuy's I/istori/ <>/ Shnivt>hnry.

288 SELATTYN : A UTSTORY OF THE PARISH.

There is one relic of Saxon times still existing' in the
shape of a Hoar Stone. Tlie author of Salopia Aatiqaa
says " A Iloar stone is a memorial, a division between
estates and parishes. Those that exist are few. One
of them lies very near Olfa's Dyke, and about a mile
to the south-west of the Race Course. It gives the
name to an adjoining farm, and is known by the
designation of Careg y big (or the pointed stone), from
its inclined position. It was G ft 10 in. above the
surface in 1838, and measured across the western face
3 ft. 6 in., and across the eastern face 2 ft. 6 in., having
a narrow side G inches across betwixt each of them."

In 1085-G^ Selattyn had passed for ever out of Saxon
hands ; it was granted to Madoc, as I have before said,
the son of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, Prince of Powys, founder
of the third Royal Tribe.

Bleddyn ap Cyufyu bob cwys
Ei bun biocdd beu Ijowys."

The present Lord of the Manor (1891), traces his
descent to Prince Bleddyn, and nearly all the land in
the parish is now held by families of Welsh descent.

It wtis a politic stroke on the part of Earl Ptoger to
give this borderland to Madoc, thereby securing the
friendship) of a powerful Welsh prince.

Madoc ap Bleddyn was killed at the Battle of
Llechryd fighting against Ilhys ap Tudor, King of
South Wales, who had " got an Army of Irishmen and
Scots," in the year 1087.^ lie did not long enjoy the
gift of the Norman I'^arl : dying without issue Brogyn-
tyn is said to have reverted to liis elder brother
Meredyth,^ who died in 1132, leaving a son called
Madoc, father of an illegitimate son, Owen Brogyntyn.

The said Owen was also Lord of Dynmael and
P^deyrnioii.-'^' lie must, says Eyton, " have held

' 'I'lu! (biti; of Domesday.

- I.cwys Dwuu'ii lltnildic Visilalio)i ul \Val(s.

^ I'dwel's ///.s/. (edition ir»Sl), y. 1 17.

' llvtdn's Aiif/ij. Slivoi'., vwl. .\i., |i. 11.

'" iN.\vL-i, \>. rji.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 289

Porkington (i.e., Brogyntyn) immediately under King
Henry II. as having the Palatine Earldom of Shropshire
by escheat. At this point English Records come to
bear upon traditions and presumptions with extra-
ordinary weight. In the very year of Madoc ap
Meredyth's death (11 GO), his son Owen was taken into
the King's pay. Before Michaelmas, 1161, the Sheriff
of Shropshire (Guy le Strange^), by the King's order,
had ])aid to Oen de Porchinton the handsome livery of
X'30 10s. Gd., e(|ual to at least £1,500 a year of modern
currency. In like manner Oen dc Porchinton received
£27 7s. Gd. in 11G2, £27 7s. Gd. in 1163, £5 13s. 4d.
in 1165, and i'5G in 1166." When therefore the
Welsh Chronicle (describing the Welsh league against
Henry II. and the events of the summer of 1165) says
tliat " the sonnes of Madoc ap Meredyth with the
power of Powys,''"^ were against the King, it would
almost seem that Owen de Porkington was on the same
side with his half-brothers, and that this may have
been the reason of tlie total or partial suspension of his
salary in 1164-5. However, the accuracy of the Welsh
Chronicle is in this instance doubtful. The next pay-
ment to Owen de Porchinton, after that of 1166 was in
1169. "Et Ocno dc porchinton 40 sol. j^er hreue Regis."^

I lis dwelling, Castell or Caer Brogyntyn, is thus
described in Sdlopia Antiqua : — '* This ancient British
camp is circular, surrounded by a vast agger, or earthen
dyke and a deep fosse. It had two entrances pretty
close to each other, projecting a little from the sides
and diverging, the end of each guarded by a semi-lunar
curtain ; these are now destroyed."

The site of this ancient fort still remains in the
pleasure grounds near the modern house of Brogyntyn.
The mound was tunnelled through in the early part of
this century, but no foundations of the Castle were

1 Sluri[h ol' Shropshire ((Jviy le Strange Slierifl" from IIGO to 11G4^

2 Hen." II. Kot. Pipe.
^ I'owcl, p. -I'll.

* |{<)t IMpe, If) lleii. II., Salop.

Vul. III., 2iul fcj. . .IJ

290

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

discovered ; it is therefore supposed that it could not
have been built of stone.

Llys Dinmael, in Denbighshire, is supposed to have
been Owen's principal mansion. The Welsh Chronicle
speaks of him as " a young man of great promise," and
says that " for his valiancie and noble courage he had
part of his father's inheritance ;"^ he was made Lord of
Dinmael, and after the deposition of his half-brother
Ehssau in 1202, Lord of Edeyrnion.

Owen Brogyntyn's mother was a daughter of Maer
Ddu (the Black Mayor) of Piug, in Edeyrnion. His
dagger and cup were long preserved at ll^ig.

Hcruldk Visit, of Wales, vol. ii., 109.
OWEN BROGYNTYN, Lord of Dinmael and Edeyrnion.
Arms : Arg. A lion rampant, sable, debruised by a baton sinister gules.

Sioned verch Howel=Owen Ijrogyutyn=f Marred verch Elnion ap Seisyllt of
ap Madoc, ap Id- ^' " ■ - -

nerth apCydwgan
ap Elystiin Glod-
rydd, Earl of
Hereford.

Vathavaru, in Cyfeiiioj

Grufydd=^Sioued ver. 'Bleddyn

Sir Wm.

Say, Kt.

.^Marred ver. lerwerth^^Eva.ver.Madoc

Cwyu ap

GrufyJd.

ap Gwcnwyu-

wyu ap Owen

Oyveiliog,

Prince of

Powys.

Mados: Owen

I
Owen=

Gruflyd

'Elisau

Elin, unig acres Roger
Ingram, Esq.

-Grufydd=pMarged verch Madog ap

John Cirufydd. nowcI=Anp;harad verch '•Llewelyn IIowcl Ievan=7=

saidtoliavo C'ynwrig Sais. Olloiriad. I

sal (iiiaii 111- I

<|iii il ill JJala I

^^'4. Llewelyn 0 Rftg.

> IV.wil. ii. 1!'4.

2 It id miicl tiial tlio LoidHlilj) of ItrtK duvolvc.! \ii)oii lileiUlyn

3 i:ii.s;m liaii llio M:nipr uf l.laiuriir In IMfiriilon.

« \\\\oHV ({oilO'ilunlcs iiro III tlio J,ibr;iiv i.f .Iomus ('yllr>-t (Hfunl

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 291

Owen Brogyntyn was succeeded by his son Bleddyn.
Eyton tells us : " Bleddyn ap Owen is enrolled as a
member of that triumphant band which Llewellyn ap
lorwerth managed to unite against King John in the
summer of 1215. "^

They " came to Shrewesburie, which towne and
Castell were deliuered to him without any resistance."^

" In the following year this league was dissolved.
Early in 1218 King Henry III. and his brother-in-law
Llewellyn came to a convention or treaty, the particulars
of which I cannot discover."^

Bleddyn ap Oen had returned to his allegiance to
the Norman King, as is proved by the following : —

(Norwallia) Rex Llewellino Priucipi Norwallio salutem.
Sciatis qiioii Maddoc filius Griffin. Coswalien,^ Oeyn, Bockan et
Bletheyn tilius Oeyn de Porkintun venerunt ad fidem et
servicium nostrum, et ideo vobis mandamus quatiuus eis jura
et libertates suas habere faciatis et si vos vei aliqui Walenses jura
illorum tenentes, ea eis sine dilacone reddi faciatis. Illos aut
Walenses qui nondum venerunt ad fidem et servicium nostrum
ad nos sine dilacone venire faciatis ad faciendum nobis id quod
facere debent secundum quod convencio inde inter nos lacta
fuit quia etc. Teste com. apud Wudestok xxv. die Maii.*

The next mention we have of landholders in Selattyn
occurs in a Charter (circa 1225-1250).

Sciant presentes et futuri quod Nos Wrikmus et Eynon
[iliiEynon filii Howelconcessu[Fu]lconis^ filii Warini concessi-
nus et vendidimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus
David filio Innay unam acram terre cum pertinenciis in Por-
cinton que apellatur Ero*" Karret et aliam acram terre inter
icram Madoci Vaughan filii Madoci filii Elidw ex una parte
!t acram ]\Ieil\v filii Hunaseil ex altera parte. Et unam
icram ter [re cum] pertinenciis in i^ulattou que apellatur
^n' heretliw. Et unam particulam terre juxta terram David
ilii Walter! cujus medie[tatis fjiiiorum Lewart. Habendum

' Eyton, vol. xi., p. 45.

2 Powel, p. 271.

3 Coswallon is thought to mean Forte D'Oswalstre.

4 Rot. Lit. (Mans. An. 2" Men. Hf.

'■' I'robalily Juilcouis. The name occuia below.
* Erw, i.e., Acre.

292 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

et tenendum totam predictam terram cum pertinenciis predicto
David et heredibus suis vel asignatis de [nob]is et hercdibus
nostris, liberc quietc et integre. Reddendo inde annuatim
Ipse et horedes sui vel asignati sui nobis et heredibus nostris
unum par cirothccarum de pretio unias obuli adfestum Sancti
Oswaldi regis pro omni servicio seculari. Pro hie autem nostra
hbera venditione et carte nostre conlirrnatione dedit nobis pre-
dictus David decem libr[as] [arjgenti et decern denarios })remani-
bus, et nos dedim[us] dicto [FJnlconi quatuor decem denarios.
Nos vero et heredes nostri [[)red]ietam terram cum pertinenciis
predicto David et he[redibus et assig]natis suis contra onirics
homines Warentizabimus. Et vendicio llata et stabilis in per-
petuum permaneat j)resen[tes im})r]essiones sigillorum nostro-
rum apposuimus. Hiis testibus [....] fiHo David, Lewcllyn
Vaughan, Meuric fil Eynon, Eewell' p[. . . .] bras Eynon lil
Res, Ririd fil. Kadugan, i31ethin fil W . . . Moregan fil Aaron,
Madoc lil lewart, David dii Kenewric lil lewelli loreuerson,
David fil Eynon, Madoc Lewenoc, Ithel fil' Res, et multis aliis^

The first seal is lost. /f/i/i,!,, /_ Green Wax,

originally in-
sciibed " Si^^el-

O

luni Eynon."

This Charter tells us that Wrikmus and Eynon, the
sons of Eynon ap Howel, by leave of Fulk Fitz Waryn,
Lord of the Manor, sell one acre in Porkiutun and one
acre \\\^Sulatton and other land to David ap Innay and
his successors, for which the said David was to pay
them ten pounds and tenpence, and fourteen pence to
the Lord Fitz Waryn.

The names of two of the witnesses, David du and
Kenwric ap Llewelin, occur in a deed of gift, dated

' I am iiulcbtcd to Ccorp;c (Jnizebrook, Ksq., F.S.A., tlio learned
ctlitor of Ihrald. Visit, of Shropshire, 1023, for the coi)y of thia
Chartor.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 293

April Gth, 1271, made by John,^ son of Alan, Lord of
Arundel, at his Castle of the White Monastery (Oswes-
try), of lands in the neighbouring parish of St. Martins
to Anian, Bishop of St Asaph, and his successors for
ever, they paying him a pair of gilt spurs, on the Feast
of S. John Baptist, at Oswestry Castle, in lieu of all
service.-

The Charter is very interesting : in it we have the
first mention of Sulatton, the next being that in Pope
Nicholas' Taxation half a century later.

Wrikmus and Eynon ap Eynon, and David ap Innay
were probably small freeholders under the Lord of the
Manor ; their names do not appear, as far as I know,
in any contemporaneous pedigrees.

It is impossible to say when the Township of Porking-
ton became an appurtenance of Whittington Manor.
By the Charter (circa 1225-50) we see that it had by
that time passed from the descendants of Owen Bro-
gyntyn to the Fitz Warins. After Bleddyn ap Oen's
reconciliation with King Henry IIL in 12 18, he probably
retired to Ptug, and left Brogyntyn to the Lords of
Whittington. To that parish belongs the full history
of the Fitz Warins. We are only concerned with them
from the 13tli century. We begin then with the third
lord.

Fulke Fitz Waryu=l3t wife, Llaliliia, dau. of Robert Vavasour, Kt., Lord of
occurs 1'201-1'2j1. Iliizlewood, York.s, and widow of Theobald Walter,
obiit circa 1256-7. Chief Butler of Ireland. Nupta, c. 1207, Defa, 1226.

Fulke Fitz AVaryii, .s. k h.=Coiistaiicia, who in 1200 sued tho teuaiit of the
occurs \2r>l. Iviliid at licrkshirc Manor of Stanton for dower,
the I'attlo of Lowes, May
11, 1201.

Sir H. Nicholas in his Historic Peerage gives this
Fulke as a " Baron by Tenure," and the succeeding
ones, as " Barons by Writ." Henry IIL granted

1 Tlic iiKjuiH. |). in. on John Fil/. Alan, 3nl Earl of Arundul, was
taken at O,'- west ry, Juno 2[), VJ.72 (EyLon, vol. .v., [). 97).
^ Lli/J'r Cock A-^a^'h, 'Job.

294 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

Whittington to Llewelyn ap Griffith, Prince of Wales,
who was engaged to many de Montford's daughter.

" Rot. Pat. 50 Hen. III.

" By letters patent dated at Hereford, Henry IH.
grants to the Prince of Wales, 'Llewelin,' the Lordship
of all the great men of Wales. The Prince is also to
have the lordship of Wytenton Castle, so as the heir of
the said Castle shall do to the Prince the service which
his ancestors have been accustomed to perform, and
ought to have performed to the predecessors of the
said prince."^

This was the Fulk Fitz Waryn who gave Henry IH.
£2G2 and 2 coursers to have possession of Whittington
Castle to him and his heirs.- He held the Manor of
Bausley (Montgomeryshire), which Siward held before
the conquest, and Earl Roger after " as his right,"
until 1259, when Griilin ap Gwenwynwyu secured it in
a " strife with Thomas Corbet."^

Fulk Fitz Waiiu, s. & li.=Mai*garet, dau. of Griffin ap Gweuwyuwyn, Prince
uatus c. 1252, ob. 1314. of Powis.

He had Whittington restored to him 11 Edward I.^
He was summoned to Parliament from June 23rd, 23
Edward L, to October 24th, 8 Edward IL, in the last
two years with the addition of "Seniori.'' He was also
summoned to Parliament June 8th, 22 Edward I.^
Griihn restored the Manor of Bausley to Fulk Fitz
Waryn by comoiand of King Edward I. There was an
Inquest held at Shrewsbury upon this Feb. 25, 1277.^

Fiilke Fitz Warin, s. & h.=Eieanor, dau. of William Bftauchamp, in the Co.
natus — of Somerset.^

ob. 1330.

He was summoned for military service against the
Scots in a Writ June 18, 1310. The King allowed

^ Rymer (see Owen and Bliikeway'a Hist.)

2 "'riic I'^aniily of Fitzwarino," by Josepli Morris, Shrop. Archifio.
vol. V.

•' Myton, vol. vii., pp. 98, 99.

■> lii.storic I'f'craijc, Sir II. Nicliolas, 1857.

^ liuruiua AnijUca, 1814, Sir T. Banks, p. 211.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PABTSH. 295

special livery of Whittington to Eleanor his wife on
January 5th, 1315, because (his fatlier being dead) he
himself was in foreign parts.^

Inquisitiones Post Mortem.

Inquis. post, raort. 4 Edward III., No. 47.

The extent of lands of Fulke Fitz Warin taken into
the King's hands, Inquisition taken at Whittington,
the Tuesday next before the Translation of S. Thomas
the j\Iartyr.

" Item sunt ibitumadvocaciones ecclesiarum videlecit
...... ecclesia3 de Cclatton que estimata ad centum

solidos."

This Inquisition mentions Margaret the mother of
the Fulk Fitz Warin on whose lands the inquisition
deals with.

Fulke Fitz Wuryii, 3. & li.=

iiutus —

ob. 134'J.
Ho was suinmoued to Parliament from Cth October 9 Edward II. to 22
Jauuury 9 Edward 111.'-

Inquis post. mort. 23 Edward III., Pt. 1, No. 39.

Inquisition taken at Shrewsbury the Friday next
after the Feast of S. Michael. The jury say Fulke
Fitz Warin died Wednesday, the 25th July last past,
and that Fulke the son of the same is his next heir, of
the age of seven and more.

This inquisition does not mention the Church of
Selattyn.

Fulke Fitzwaryn, a. & h.=^Margaret de Alditheley or Audley (coheir to the
act. 7-> Barony of Martin, wLicb is iu abeyance.^

ob. 1373.

IIo was never summoned
to Parliament.'

Fulke Fitz Waryn, s. & h.=Eiizaboth Co^nn, ob. 21 Ricii. II. ,« sister and heir
came of aj,'e 1383. lie of John t'ogau of Baunton (Bampton), Devon-
waa never aummoneil to sliirc, with other estuley in England and Ireland."'
Parliament.2 ob. 1391.

1 Kyton, vol. xi., p 11.
a lli^toitc reciiKjr, Sir II. Nitliolas.
■i Ihtiimia Amjiica, vol. i., p. au'J.
•» liaiunia Aiijlira, vol. i., p. 214.
9 llarvnin Ani/licu, vol il., j>. OS.

296 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

Inquis. post. mort. 15 Richard II., Part, i., No. 23.

Inquisition taken at Whitynton on Wednesday next
before the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, 15 Kich. II.

The jury say that Fulke Fitz Waryn, Chevalier, held
of the Lord the King on the day he died the Manor of
Whitynton with its appurtenances and "cum advoca-
tionibus ecclesiarum de Whitynton et Sulatton " in the
Marches of Wales.

Fulk Fitz Warin died on Tuesday next before the
Feast of S. Lawrence last past. Fulk Fitz Warin his
son and next heir is aged two.

There are five wills of the Fitz Waryns and Bourg-
chiers in Somerset House, but none of them mention
the Church of " Sulatton."

The first will is that of Fulke Fitzwaryn, Knight
(A.D. 1391, 2 Ecus).

It is written in Norman French. He leaves his body
to be buried in the Chancel of Whittington Church,
and Elizabeth ** ma cam2')agne " and his uncle Philip
Fitz Waryn executors. To the latter he bequeaths his
Manor of Spychewyk and Wantage for life, with re-
mainder to his heirs.

Fulke Fitzwaryn=Alice, dau. of ^

natus 1389,
ob. 1412,

Inquis. post. mort. 14 Henry IV., No. 20.

Upon the lands, fees, etc., of Fulke Fitzwarin, son
and heir of Fulke Fitzwarin.

In Shropshire the advowson of the Church of Sulaiton
worth six merles.

Fulke Fitzwarin=Anne, dau. of William, Lord Botreaux.'
natus —
ob. 1413.

Inquis. post. mort. 1 Henry V., No. 61.
Assignment of dower to Anne, wife of Fulke Fitz-
waryn.

(Tliis document is almost illegible).

1 Baronia Anglica, p. 214.

S Baronia Anglica p. 214 (p 131, see Bofreaux).

I'dt .If it

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 297

His Will dated (A.D. 1408, 16 Marche), is very
short ; he leaves his lands in " Marchia Wallioe to
Elizabeth " Domine de Botreaux" and to Anne his wife,
executors.

Fulke Fitz Waryn, s. and h., aet 1, ob. September
21, 1420, at the age of 8 years, and was succeeded by
his sister Elizabeth, wife of Richard Hankford, Esq.

Imjuis. post. mort. 8 Hen. V., No. 106.

Inquisition taken at Shrewsbury the 15th November.
The jury say that by the death of Fulke Fitz waryn,
Chevalier, and by reason of the minority of Fulke his
son and heir, the Castle and Lordship of Whitynton
and the advowsons of the Churches of Whitynton and
Sulatton to the same Castle pertaining, came to the
hands of Richard II., late King of England, and after-
wards by reason of the majority of Fulke Fitz Warine,
son and heir of the same Fulke Fitz Warine, Chevalier,
m the writ named, came to the hands of Henry lY.,
father of the now King. And afterwards the said
Fulke Fitz Waryn the son took to wife a certain Anne
and died, after whose death a third part, " inter alia,"
the Castle and Lordship of Whitynton was assigned in
dower to the saide Anne, the residue remaining in the
hands of King Henry IV. by reason of the minority of
Fulke Fitz Waryn, the son of Fulke Fitz Waryn, the
son of Fulke Fitz Waryn, Chevalier, in the writ named,
and these are now in the hands of the Lord the King.
Fulke Fitz Waryn the grandson died 21 September
last past. And that Ehzabeth, wife of Richard Hank-
ford, Esquire, is his sister and heir, of the age of 17
years.

Elizabeth Fitz Waryn=f Richard Hankford, Esq.
succeeded htr brother 1420. I

Thomasino, dau. and heir of=William I5ourgchier, Kl. third son of William,
liich. Hankford and Eliza- E^irl of Kwe (in Normandy), by Ann. dau. aud
Leth Fitz Waryn his wife. huir ol Tiiomas I'lauta^'^^et, Dukeof Gloucobter.'

lie was summoned to Parliament as " Williclmo r>ourgchier Militi. Domino dc
Fitz Waryn " from 2 January, 27 Henry VI. (HJ9), to 7 September, 9 Edward
IV. (IIG'J), ob. circa. 1470.

1 Ilitituric Pcvraijc, Sir H. NicbolaH, and Daronia Amjlica, p. 213, 132.

Yul. Ml., liml is. l^iv

298 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

Fulke Bourcliier, Lord Fitz Waryu==Elizabetli, sister and coheir to John, Lord

Dynhani.'^

He was sununoncd to Parliament as " Fulcoui Bourgcliier de Fitz Wuryii,
Chevalier," 19 August, 12 Edward IV. (1472), ^oL. September 18, 1179.

Tnquis. post. mort. 20 Edward IV., No, 65.

Inquisition taken at Wenlock IGth October 20
Edward IV. Tiie jury say that Nicholas Aisslieton,
Eobert (?) Wilham Hynderston, and John Wyderslede,
were seized in their demesne as of fee, of the Castle and
Manor of W'hittin^ton and of the advowsons of the
Churches of Whittino-ton and Sidlaton in the Marches

o

of Wales, and by fine in 21 Henry VI. f^ranted the
same to William Bourghajhier and Thomasia his wife,
to have to them and to their heirs, by virtue of which
the said Whittington and Sidlaton were thereof seized.
And had issue, Fulk Bourgchier, Knight,

After the death of his father and mother he was
seized, and had issue, John Bourgchier, and died on 18th
September, 19 Edward IV. The said John is his son
and next heir aged nine and more.

The will of this Fulke Bourgchier, Lord Fitz Waryn
(A.D. 1480, 1 Logge).

He was the son of Thomasia and William Bourgchier.
He leaves his wife Elizabeth his executor and mhIIs to
be buried at Baunton (Bampton) . This will is dated
April 1st, 1475.

John Bourgchier, Kt., Lord Fitz Waryn=Elizabeth, dau. of Giles, Baron D'Au-
creuled Earl ol Bath, 9th July, 28 beney, and sister and heir of Henry,
Henry VI U. (1536). 1st Earl of Rridgewater.^

lie was suniinoned to Parliament from 12th August, 7 Henry VII. to 8tli
June, 23 Henry VHI., 1536.

The will of John Bourgchier, Kt., Lorde Fitz Waryn
and Bath. (A.D. 1541, 30 Alenger).

He wills to be buried at Baunton in Devonshire, and
the bequests relate entirely to Devonshire and Somer-
setshire.

The will makes mention of " the lady Elizabeth " as
his wife.

1 Itiii-tiiiia Anijlicd, |i. lOO (Diiuui).
'■* lli.-.l(iiic I'riniiir.

' lliiiiiiiiit .1 ;i;;/ic((, viil. i., |>. ISJ (D'Auliciioy). Ilor iiaiiiu i.s nivtii iiH Cucily by DukiIuIu,
Utt I'ltii'i'iico in tiio liii|iila (i( Iiui- brutlior, iiiiil lis lvli/:tl)iitli in Ilor liii.'iliiinil'si will.

SELATTi^N : A UISTORY OF THE PAiaSH. 299

The Manor of Whittington next passed (in 1545) into
the hands of King Henry VIIL, but before entering
upon this, I must mention the third of the five Fitz
Waryn wills lying at Somerset House.

It is that of Lady Katharine Bourgchier, wife of
William Bourgchier, Lord Fitz Waryn (A.D. 1467, 32
Godwyn). It dates from West Wolryngton, in Devon-
shire, and is an extremely long will, relating to Baunton
(i.e. Bampton), in Devonshire. After instructions for
Masses and Prayers, " Placebo et Dirige/' she leaves
a great number of bequests of jewels, furs and robes to
her daughter and to Thomasia Bourgchier.

I am quite unable to identify this lady ; a long tran-
script of her will would be out of place in a history of
Selattyn.

It is well worth the attention of the antiquary from
its mention of many curious and obsolete pieces of
jewellery.

In the year 1545 John Bourgchier, Lord Fitz Waryn,
Earl of Bath, exchano;ed the Manor of Whittinofton
with King Henry VIIL The record of this transaction
lies in the Public Ilecord Office.

Deeds of Purchase and Exchange Box £>, No. 71.

Deed of Exclianj^e between Henry VlIl.andJohnEarlof Bath.

The Iilarl in exchange for otlior lands, gives to the King all
lii.s Castle, Manor, and Jjordslii[) of Wliyttynton, in the Co. of
Salop, and also the advowsons, gills, presentations, free dis-
ponations and rights of patronage of the parsonagies and
Churches of Whyttyngton and " Salatyn, otherwise called
Sanclc Lattcn, in the saidc Countie of Salop."

Dated 4tii Angust, 37 lien. VI 11.

Henry VIIL dying January 29th, 1547, the Manor
passed to King Edward VL, who granted it in 1552 to
Henry Grey, Duke of Sullblk.

]\ctciU Roll, 0 Edward VI., iH. :i.

King I'^dward VL grants to Henry, Duke of Siillolk,
and Tliomas Duport, " inlci- alia " all that our Lordship
and xVlanor ^ii Whittington, the advowson of the Church

300 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PAllISH.

of " Salatyne," in the County of Salop, to the said
Manor of Whittington belonging, formerly parcel of
the rights and hereditaments of John Earl of Bath, to
have and to hold to them and theii' assigns for evei\

Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk, did not long enjoy the
gift ; he was beheaded by Queen Mary, February 23rd,
1554. Ilis lands, being attainted, passed to the Crown,
and the Queen bestowed the Manor of Whittington on
Henry Fitz-Alan, last Earl of Arundel, his daughter
Jane and her husband John, Lord Lumley.^

Henry Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundell, was one of the
earliest book collectors. To him we owe part of the
National Collection in the British Museum, known as
the King's Library. He diligently gathered up MSS.
from the scattered Monastic Libraries, and also obtained
possession of part of Archbishop Cranmer's books, which
were inherited by John Lord Lumley.- A portion of
these were bought by Henry, Prince of Wales (son of
King James I.), in 1G09, from whom they descended to
King George H., who in 1757 presented them to the
National Collection. Many of these books contain the
signatures of " Thomas Cantuarien," " Arundell," and
" Lumley." The refined artistic taste of the Stuarts is
shown in the beautiful binding of Prince Henry's books.
Part of Lord Lumley 's Library he gave or bequeathed
to the chief libraries of his time, viz., the Bodleian,
Cambridge University, and Lambeth.

The Manor of Whittington next passed into the
hands of William Albany, Merchant Tailor, of London.
It was mortgaged to him and other citizens of Londoi\,
and finally sold to him in 15G1 by Henry Fitz Alan,
Earl of Arundell, John Lord Lumley and Lady Jane,
his wife. The possession of this property by William
Albany was the cause oi' much strite, it led to no less
than four suits in Chancery. 'J'he most important of
these suits 1 give below.

* Raronia An<jlica, vol. i., p. 30 i (Ijtiiuluy^.

^ Libra) its and Fotoulcrs of Libraries, by E. Edwards.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 301

PROCEEDINGS IN CHANCERY.

Qii^i^cn Elizabeth, A. a. 9.
Plaintiff. Defendant.

William Albany, Merchant Tailor, Sir Anthony Strelley, Kt.
of London.

Object of the Suit.
Tho Manor of Whittington, Co. Salop, of which Henry Earl
of Ariindeil deceased, and John Lord Lumley and Lady Jane
his wife were seized, who about 4th year of this reign conveyed
to complainant ; but which Sir Anthony Strelley, Kt.,^ claimed
by demise for life from King Edward \l.

PROCEEDINGS IN CHANCERY.

Queen Elizabetli, (Jf.7), A. a. 9.

To the right honourable Sir Thomas Bromley, Kt, Lorde
C/iancelloar of England.

William Albany citizen and Merchaunte Taylor of London —
that whereas tho Right Hon'''"^ Henry, Erie of Arundell
deceased and John Lorde Lumley and the Lady Jane his wife
by their dcede indented and inrolled in the Quenes Ma''*

CourLe of Clianccry, the 4"' yeare of the Queue's reign

that now ye did give, grant and sell unto the saide orator, that
the said ^lanor, tlie aj)purtonance.s etc. . . , had possession of
the estates .... until about the 13"' yeare of tho Majesties
Reigne, about which tyme the said orator unto the said Manor
etc. . . . did enter, after which entrye & quiett possession of
ye saide orator . . . One Sir Anthony Strelley in the County
of NoLtingli;iiii l<jS(p came to the said orator >Si declared unto
him that King Edward the Vi"' did by his letters grante ^
demise to the said Sir Anthony Strelley the saide Manor etc.
during the natural life of the saide Sir Anthony Strelley, yield-
ing yearly to the saide King & to his heires 20 pounds of lawful
nionie of l*]nglande, that the said Erie havinge the saide Alanor
by the gift >k: grante of the late Sovereign Ladie (^uene Marie
for (So in consideration that the saide Sir Antliony Strelley had
given ..V. surrendered all liis right, Tyllo, v.K: interest of laiul in
the said Ahmor with tiie appurtciKuutes unto the said Erie,
did by his Deode, sealed & delivered, chargo tho saidu

1 Sir AnthoMV Strolloy, Co. Ni)ttiiij,'liain, Kt., waa CuuhLablo of
of Jhukvli Ciiiiiio in 1558 and in 1570.

302 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

Manor with the appurtenances with one yearly rente
of ffortie pounuo of lawful monie of England to be issuing &
going, of the saide Manor to be payable to the saide Sir
Anthony Strelley & his assigns yearly during his natural life
at the Feastes of the Annunciation of S' Marie the Virgin,
■with these further .... & conveyance, that the saide yearlie

rente of fforty pounde shall happen to be in or in all

after .... daye limited in the saide Deede in which it ought
to be paid, that though it should & might be lawfull to tlie
saide Sir Anthony Strelley or liis assignes unto the ^lanor

with the appurtenances thereof, to rent or him in his

or their . . estate & by . . the which demanded or the saide
Orator the said rent supposed to be granted or assured by the
beforesaide to which the saide Orator answered that he had
bought & purchased the saide Manor of Whittington of the
saide Erie & Lord Lumley & Lady Jane his wife & that they
nor none other opposed the purchase.

Ansiuer of Sir Anthony Strelley, Knt., the Defendant unto the
complaint of Williarn Albany, Merchant Taylor.

The saide defendant by protestation not confessing the Bill
of Complainte to be true, in other sorte than in the answer of
the defendant . . . saith that the said Bill of Complaint be a
nombre of fryvoulous worde & an lieape of unnecessary matter.
He saith the saide Bill is stuffed purposely to ... . the saide
Bill unto great length & hereby to drive the defendant to great
& needless charge, containeth in it matter of a very small

substance .... prayeth tlie matter may be dismissed

for that he takes it, the matter concerning the same Annuity
or Yerely Rent, whereupon the Plaintiff Bill is grounded &
the Defendants suit hathe alreadye been fully heard &
examined in this llonerable Court, &l after it had depended in
this llonerable Court dyvcrs yearcs in suit, to the groat trouble
& charge of the Defendant, he hopes to be relieved in this
Court ... by course of the Common Lawes of the Realm.

The Defendant saith that true it is, that the saide late Erie
of ArundcU (from whom the complainant claymeth the saide
Manor of Whittington) for sufficient consideration him moving,
by one wrytiiig indt'uliHl sealed with the scale of tlie saide
Erie of Arundell, delivered etc. . . as his DeeJc made in tho
prcsiiuce of the then lUshop of Elye, wilnessr.s, agreed to pay
the Defendant, out of the said Manor 40 pounde yearly with
clause of distraint for non-payment. Tlio l*]rle paid for IG
years & since, the complainant after he purchased the Manor
paid. After tho Eric's death refused [)ayment.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE TARISH. 30,3

Suit 23. Queen EUzaheth A. a. 1.
Pla in t i(f. Defendant.

William Albany. Thomas ap Richard and

David ap Thomas.
Has for its object the recover}' of possession ot tlie Court Rolls.^

Suit 8. Queen EUzaheth A. a. S.
Plaintif. Defendant.

William Alban}'. Nicholas ap John.

Premises. The complainant is seized of the Manor of
Whittington, Co. Salop.

Suit 17. Queen Elizabeth A. a. 7.
Plaintiif. Defendant. Deeds.

William Albany. Alia ap William widow Court Rolls

& ^forris ap John lier son. Surveys.

The complainant was seized of the j\Iauor of Whittington,
Thu dofondaut look ])ossession of part of the Demesnes of the
same.

William, the father of the defendant was some time " Baylie"
of the saide Manor.

This suit refers to lands in " Parke," in Whittington Parish.

Suit 28. Queen Elizabeth B. b. 1.
Plain ti f. Defe n da n t .

WilHam Albany. John Bagshaw Clerk^

William llarwood (Contract etc.
Account).
This suit relates only to the tithes of Whittington Parish.
William Albany died in 1590.

Inquis. post. mort. 32 Elizabeth.
Willielmus Albany indicta Comissione nominatio, die quo
obijt fuit seisitus in dominico suo ut de feodo de , . , , et in
Manorio sive Dominio de Whittincfton et Porkinofton, etc. . . .
et in advocatione Jure Patronal et libera dispositione ecclesite
parochialis de Whittington et Sihctton.

^ These are now unfortunately lost.

2 Jolm ]?a-slia\v was Itectur of Whittington 1585-1G05. (Vide.
Archd. Thomas's Hist, of Dio. St. Asaph).

I am much indebted to W. J. Hard}', Esq., F.S.A., for help in
decipliei'iiiL; these Inquis Post. Mort., Kot. pat., Deed of Exchange,
iuid I'loccedin^^s in Chancery, ia the Public IJccnnl Ollicc : and to
J. Challcnur Smith, Escj , for help in reading the Eitz ^Varyn Wills
in Somerset House.

304

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

The Pedigree of William Albany, Merchant Taylor,
is given in the Visitation of Shropshire, \6'Z3.

ALBANY OF WlllTTlNGTON.

Earl. 1396, fo. 13 ; Ilail. 1241, fo. 59b. ; S. fo. 13b.
Arms : Had. 139G, Argeut^ on a fcsse between 3 cinquefoils gules a greyhound

couiaut. or.
William Albaney^

AVilliaiii Albany of^pTlioniiiziii, dan, of \l\ch. liiitlo (Hiitler)

L(>iulon,Mari.liant
Taylor, diod 1690.

of Londou, Marclianto, and liis licir.

Henry Albany
of 15edford-
aliire.

Francis Albany=j=Sara, dan. and beirc Sir Eobert Albany=^Alice, dau. and

of Whittingtou of Henry Campion of Badsliott (15aK- coheir of Ed-

in Co. Salop. of London, by . . . shot), Surrey, Kt.

Slieritr 1595. dau. & lioir of . . . aMG'23.
Godart (Goddart).

ward Snow of
Cliioksand.Co.
Bedford.

Francis Albany^

of Whittiugtou,

Co. Saloj),

A° 1(323.

. . dau. of Arthur Kynaston of
Shrowbbury, in Uo. Salop.

Sarah Albany=pThomas Lloyd of Aston ;
died 1692.

^1/

Marj=Kich. Goore
of London.

"Wiiliam^Margaret, dau. of Sir
Albany John Aliott, Kt. , JI ar-
of Ox- chant, of London.

sted Lord Mayor 1591.
Oxley,
in Co. Surrey.

Judith^=Sir Hughe
riatte of
Londou,
Kt.

It will be seen by the marriages made by the Albanys
that they ranked high amongst the City Merchants.
The brother (or more probably the uncle) of William
Albany's wife Thomazin, daughter of Sir William
Butler, Grocer, was Lord Mayor of London in 1515.
lie is described by Stowe as being son of liichard
l^utler of Bindenham, in Bedfoidshire.^

I Vis l.oiiduii, l.'.SR (H:irl. Siu-.) sajs Fniiui.s Alkmy be lu llio Ikld ciininu. Ow\
lU:il<L«.iy'.s Shi n'll'^ nf Slini/i^hur (;ivc ficM iii^iciit
■i Hlowo, Ilk. \., \>'. V^<J.

nin\

5 . f

'e/i,g Bf

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 305

The mother of Francis Albany's wife was probably
the daughter and heir of William Goddard, Esq., Fish-
monger, whose name is recorded as the founder of
" Jesus' Hospital in Bray, Co. Berks, for 40 Almsfolks."^

Sir Robert Albany, Kt. , was doubtless visiting his
mother's relations in Bedfordshire when lie fell in love
with, and married Alice, daughter and coheir, of Edward
Snow of Cliichsands. [I do not know if it was from
the Snows that Peter Osborn, " High Commissioner for
Ecclesiastical Affairs," purchased Cliiclisand Priory in
157G].2

William Albany made a grand civic marriage, his
wife's grandfather was Sir Richard AUott of Lim-
bergh, Lincolnshire, and her father was Lord Mayor of
London. Stowe says, Sir John Allott was '* a man
that was just and hones^ in all his actions," as appears
from a story which vindicates him from a charge of
bribery respecting the appointment of " Butchers in
Lent."3

There was in the Church of St. Margaret Moyses, "a
fair monument on the north wall of the Chancel " to
Sir John Allott, Kt., " late Lord Maior of this City of
London and Maior of the Staple of England, who
deceased 1 7th September, 1591, in the time of his
Maioralty. /Etatis sua3 66."^

St. Margaret Moyses was one of the 36 Churches
that were not rebuilt after the great fire.

Sir John Allott and Lady Anne Allott are numbered
amongst some of the Charitable Donors of the Fish-
mongers Company.^

Mary Albany married Richard Goare, M. P. for
London.^ He was the eldest son of Gerard Gore,
Alderman (Ancestor of Lords Arran and Harlech).

1 Stowe, Bk. v., p. 29.

'■' Riirko, Peerage (see Osborn).

3 Sluwo, \',k. I., i). I'D:.'.

* Stowe, I5k. III., p. 20G.

& Stowo, Bk. v., [). 59.

" Burke's Peerage (see Arran),

Vol. III., 2ud S. 1^^

306 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

The fourth brother of Richard, was Sir John Goare,
Lord Mayor in 1624.^ Richard Goare or Gower's
(" Armigeri de Highgate, Co. Middlesex ") Monument
dated Decern uer 15th, 1588, was in tlie Chapel of High-
gate.^

Judith Albany married Sir Hughe Platte of Kirby
Castle and of " Bednal Green," Middlesex, Kt. There
was a monument to her eldest son William Platte of
Hio-ho-ate, and his wife .... dauo-hter of Sir John
Hungerford, Kt., in the Cha|)el at Highgate. He
" Dyed 17th November, 1637."=^

The father-in-law of Francis Albany (son of the
Sheriff of Shropshire), Arthur Kynaston, was doubt-
less the benefactor to Shrewsbury School, whose name
is thus recorded by John Meighen or Meglien, Head-
master, in the first "Regester Booke :" "1G08, Arthure
Kinaston, one of tlio Aldermen of Shrewsbury and
Merchant of the Staple."^

I do not know to what branch of the large family of
Kynaston Arthur belonged ; it was not thought dero-
gatory in those days for the younger sons of gentlemen
and Esquires to become freemen of the " Towne of
Shrewesbuiye." Probably Arthur was a descendant of
"John Kinnaston," who paid a fine of xls. in 1472 for
admission to the freedom of the Mercers, and of" Olyv'
Kinnaston," who paid a like sum for the same privilege
in 1512.5

1 Stowe, Bk. v., p. 142.

2 Stowc, Ajipcn. I., p. 135.
•* Slowe, Appeii. I., j). 135.

■* History vj Skrcusliirij School, p. 171.

* Shrop. Arcluoo., Vol. viii., Vt. ii. (''Guilds of Shrewsbury.')

SELA.TTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

307

LLOYD OF ASTON, CO. SALOP.

Anns: Hurl. 139G, piT loBse sablu and ar^tut, a liou rampant countovchangcd.

Tlic Lloyils nl' Aston Iraoo Llioii' iId^iumiL IVoiii Liiiioii Klull, L(jiil of (Jrous
Obwallt, ap Ma.loc aji jMaicddudd, last I'linco of Tow-y.-s (A, I). IKi^), ap Hlid.lyn
ap Cyiifyn, Kin;^' ol' North Walus and I'rinco ol' I'owya, of the ^id ol the Royal
Tribes of Wale-,.

Thomas Lloyd^Sarah Albany

born 16"2-i, died
1692, June 15.

d.iu. and heir of Francia Albany of
Whittinfcton Castle and Manor.

Albanic, eliiis. Dee. 30,
10'51, at Selattyn,
buried at ^\'hittington
June 22, 1G76.

Andrew, = i\Liry, dau. of IJiuhard, cliriis'

chris. Aui<. 12, John lioberts Nov. 5th, 1G56,

1C55, at, Fern- of Grasvoel. at Evonall.'
hill, died s.p.

born

MP. fur Salop
1701 & 1702.
Succeeded as
Lord of tlic
J\lanor. Died
1700.

Robert=j=I\larj, dau. of Sir

John IJridgeuiau,

of C'nstle Brom-

wirh, Co,

Warwick.

William, chris.
Oct. 24. 16G7.

Thomas=

.... dau. of
.... Turner
of Oldport.

Albany
die! e.p.

Thomas
died s.p,

Itobert succeeded as Lord
of tlie i\Ianor. M.P. for
Salop 1710. Died June
t>, 1731, s.p.

Mary died
s.p.

chri.'i.
1052.

Elizabeth^Foulke Lloyd of

2S,

Foxhall, Ksi[.
Co. Doubi'd).

JIargaret=Roger Hannier of
chris. May 31, 1054. Peutre David, Sel-

ut Feruhill.nianied

at Wiiittiiiiiton
Church April 30,
1675, buried at Sel-
attyn, January 18,
IGO'.t. She bad 7
eliihlren, llie lir.st of
which was chris. at
As>t(jn, & the others
at Selattyn.

attyu; buried there
June 24, 1695.

Pcuelopc=

1 1

Dr. Griniths Katharine Ann=:

=Eichard Mary,

of Llanvel- chris.

LLoyd chris.

liny. June

of at Sol-

.)"

Llwyn attyu,

ltji)3,

y^Maen. 3rd

at

August

Evonall.

looy.

I 1.0 , Kbuul.

308

SELATTYN ; A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

John=lst .... Sava','e,
succeeded a widow from Lon-
his cousin don ; 2ad, Emma
Kobt. Lloyd. Charlton.
Died s.p.

Foulke,
d. s.p.

Rosseudale^Jaue, dau. of
died 1745. llobet Davies,
of Llanerch,
Co. Denbigh.

Thomas, practised Law at
Denbigh. Succeeded his
brother, rebuilt Aston
Chapel 1742; buried there
March 6, 1754.

Sarah =

. . . Allen of
Liverpool.

Ann died unraar.

'I

Thomas

died

1752,

s.p.

l!os<sendale

buried at

Aston

Chapel,

Auj,'ust 27,

1755 ; died

s.p.

^\'illiam=pl';lizalleth, dau.

Clerk in Holy
Orders ; died
1775.

of William
Sueyd, of liit^h-
ton.Co.Stallord.

I
i\Iary^=^Thoma.s Turner
of Oldport, Co.
Salop.

John Kobert=plIartha, dau. of
Clerk in Holy Orders, | Arthur Shakspeare,

Rector of "Whittington
and Selattyn, died
1801.

Alderman of London.

born Dec. 21, 1779,
mar. Oct. 8, 1S04.
Sold Fernhill, part
of the WhittinjTton
Castle Estate for
£44,50U. He was
Hi.'h Sherill' 1810.

■\VilliHni=pLouisa, eld. dau. &

heir of Sir Eliab.
Harvey, G.C. B.,
il.r.. Admiral of
the Blue, of Bolls
Park, Essex. Died
March 7, ISGG.

Charles Arthur Albany-
Clerk in Ploly Orders,
Rector of Whittingt on
and of Selattyn. Died
1851.

Albany Rossendalc,
Clerk in Holy Orders, 1st Incum-
bent of the Hengoed.

George Newtoi);
Kynaston, Clerk
iu Holy Orders,
lu-clor of S<'lat-
tyu, burn Auj^.
'S6, 178G, mar.
June 9, 182U,
Died Jan. 17,
1841).

Anne, dau. of
James Cory,
liector ol'Ket-
tlcstone and
Slicrringford,
Co. Norfolk,
born Jan. 1,
1799, died Nov.
22, 188G.

Elizibeth^
born May

17S1,

mar.

1817.

=Kobert Louisa^Hon. Thomas

Curtis Charlotte
of In- born Jan.
27, 1783,
mar.lSiia,
died April
U, 18G9.

anc,

Co.

T.p.

perary

Kenyon, of
I'radoe, 3rd
son of Lloyd,
1st Lord Ken-
yon.

(uii'j^e Newton, =^Ellen, dau. of
v'ie;ir of Ili'Moli, L:il!Celot iueil

liorii July 19, of (Iravsuiour,
l8;il,diud.\|Mil CO. Caiub.
21. ISSS

1

1

(ieoige

.lohn itoburt

Martha

Charlotte

Clerk in

ami others of

Jane

Eli/abelh

Holy
OrilerH
li other.'-

I'radoe.

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

309

William Fitz
Warren, born
Nov. 7, 1806,
died Nov. 19,
1825, s.p.

Edward Harvey

born Feb.18, 1810,

diedDec.31,18G9,

s.p.

Richard Thomas=
born Sep. 9, 1820.
Served iu the Kiile
Bri^'ade and 1st Gien.
Guards lor 13 years.
Colonel of SLroiishire
Yeomanry Cavalrv
1875 to 1882. Mar".
Aug. 19, 1852.

=Lady Frances Hay,
3rd dau. of Thomas
Kobert, 10th Earl
of Kinuoull, died
31 January, 1886.

Louisa Eliza, born Oct. 2,
1805, died unmar. April
11th, 1SS4.

Charlottc=pGrenvillG Fi«^ott, Esq., of

born May 1, 1807,
mar. Oct. 30, 1838,
died Sept. 9, 1883.

Doddershall, co. Bucks.

1

Richard Harvey=Edith, dau. of Richard Thomas
Lloyd of Aston.

I I I

Francis=Mary, dau. of Eva=E. J.Recs,M.A,, Louisa Sclina,

born Aug. 12, George Ponton born 4 Oct, Clerk in Holy born Dec. 18,

1853, mar. (Junnis of 1854, mar. Orders, Rector 1856.

Aug. 6, 1881. Leckie, Stir- April 21, of Letchworth,

('apt. 1 Gron. lingshire, Esq. 1881. Herts. Died

Guards, son Jan. 19, 1886.
and heir.

Edith^Kichard Fitz Warren=:Agnes Adu=Hugh Holbech.

liorn Ajiril Harvey, born Aug. 16, Elizabeth, born July MA. Clerk in

3, 1858, Pigott, 1800, mar. Hunter. 4, ISO), Holy' Orders

mar. Nov. Capt. April 28th, mar. Sep. Rector of "Whit-

1,1886, her h'.N., of 1891. 25,1884. tington, Co.

cousin. Dodders- Salon

■hall Park, ^'

Bucks.

Rossendale, M.A., Maud, born Richard Harvey=Caroline Edward

Clerk in Holy Or- Sep. 4, 1865. born April 17, Agnes Nathaniel

ders, born Sept. 14, 1869, mar. July Day. born Feb '

18G3, Rector of Sel- 12th, 1890. 16 1871 "'

attyn, 1590.

This brings us down to the marriage of Sarah Albany
with Thomas Lloyd of Aston, by which she conveyed
the Manor of VVhittington with the advowson of
Selattyn to the family of its present possessor, Colonel
Lloyd (1891).

310 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH.

The Lloyds have given four Rectors to Selattyn ;
then- history will come under tlie notice of the Church.

I give the pedigree of the Lloyds from the time they
became Lords of the Manor of Whittiiiaton.

It will he seen that the Manor reverted in 1734 to
John Lloyd of Foxhall, Co. Donhigh, son of Ehzabeth
Lloyd of Aston. 'I'o this family ]lum[)hrey Lloyd or
Lhwyd belonged. The following description of him is
taken from the Aston Pedioree Book.

o

" This most learned and accomplished antiquary
derived his pedigree from the Itosendales of the North,
who by marriage with the heiress of Foxhall, in tlie
neighbourhood of Denbigh, settled there in 1297. He
was son and heir of llobert Lloyd, alias Lossy ndale, of
the ancient borough of Denbigh (which Humphrey
represented in Parliament in the yearl 563) by Johan his
wife, daughter of Lewis Pigot, and was born in or about
the year 1527, he was educated at Oxford, and was a
Commoner of Brazen-Nose College, in 1547 he took the
degree of B.A., and in 1551 proceeded M.A. He
studied Physick at the University either for his anmse-
ment, or to acquire the knowledge thereof for the
occasional benefit of mankind, as he nevei- | rofessed it
for gain, though he is said to have practised it in
Denbigh Castle, where he afterwards chiefly resided.
He was extremely eloquent, an acute rhetorician, a
sound philosopher, and a well-bred gentleman ; he
studied Musick and Drawing, and made the Maps of
England and Wales for the ' Theatrum Orbis ' of his
intimate friend, Abraham Ortelius, published at Ant-
werp 1570, to whom he addressed his ' Commentarioli
Britannico Descriptionis Fragmentum, 1572,' and his
Epistle entitled 'The Epistle of Humphrey Lhoyd
written to Abraham Ortel, Cosmographer to the King,
the seconde Kiiige of Spaiiie wherein at large learnedly
he discourscth ol"th(! Island Moiia, the Aiicient seat of
the Di-iiides. London, })rinted for John Norton and
John liill, IGOG.' "

SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 311

Anthony a Wood mentions an "Almanack and Kalen-
dar " as the first publication by Lhoyd, also that the
" Treasiiri of Ilclth, contaynyne many profy table
medecines gathered out of ilipocrat Gal, and Aniicen,
by one Petius llispanus, was translated into English by
Uumfre Lloyd."

"Imprinted at London in Flete Strete (at the Sign of

the Rosegarla'd) by Wyllyani Coplande."

lie svrote also "Chioiiicou WallicO, a lieo-e Cadwalla-

...
deio usque ad. A.D. 1'294," now in manuscript in the

Cotton Library (Caligula, A. C), and tlie " Historic of

Cambria " was translated by him, being augmented

and continued by David Powei, D.D.

" Luprinted at London by Rate Newberie and Henrie
Denham, 1584."

He wrote " The Breviary of Brytayne."
- " Lnprynted at London by Richard Johnes, 1573."

Li his kist letter to his friend Ortelius, Humphrey
Lhoyd foretold his own death, which happened soon
after in August, 15G8. He was buried in the Church
of Llanfarchell, Denbigli, where he is commemorated
by an alabaster monument, in which he is represented
kneelino.'^

o

He is doubly connected with the Lords of the Manor
of Whittington, for he married Barbara, sister of John,
last Baron Lumley, wdio together witli Henry Fitz Alan,
Earl of Arundel, his father-in-law, and Jane his wife,
sold the Manor to William Albany.

Barbara was the iirand-daui^hter of John Lord
Lumley, one of the leaders of "the Pilgrimage of Grace"
(28 Hen, VHI.), and daughter of George his son, who
was beheaded for high treason (29 Hen. VIH.)- Her
first husband was W'illiam Williams of Ystym Colwyn,
Denbiiihshii'e.'^

1 Llojd of Aatou Pedigree Book.

2 Havditia A)i;/lica, vol. i., ]). oOl.

•' lldidd. I'iyil., \.(i\\yH l)\\uii, vol. ii., |i, y7. liflliain'.s Cliruiiulngy
^ivc's W illi;un Williams as ln.'i' .'-crdnil liii-.bainl, TiMc 07i5.

312

A LETTER FROM THE EARL OF

NORTHAMPTON TO THE BAILIFFS OF

SHREWSBURY, AD. 1624.^

William, second Baron Compton, created Earl of
Northampton in 1618, Knight of the Garter, was
appointed Lord President of the Council in the Marches
of Wales in 1617, and retained the office until his
death in the year 1630.-

To ray Loveing friends the
Bayleifs of Shrewsbury, these/

After my harty commen'^'"^ unto you. Wheras you have
signifyeJ unto me by your letter your earnest desire to have
an Artillery yard erected in your Corporation of Shrewsbury,
which I approve of as a very commendable thinge,and wheras
that liberty nuist be granted by his Ma*'*^ letters, authorizing
the Lord lieutenant to admit of such a competent number as
he shall thinke is convenient, these are ther fore to let you
understand, that I will with all conveniency further your
desire, and to that end I will send up about it ; and you shall
receive an answere what etFect it hath. And so I rest

Your very loving friend

W. Northampton.
Ludlow Castle,

Sept. 8^^ 1G24.

The term Artillery was formerly applied to all kinds of missile
weapons, hence we are left in doubt as to the precise nature of the
application of the Bailiffs. It is probable, however, that as muskets
were fust sui)crseding the Bow and Arrow, safe butts for the soldiers
to practice shooting with them were required. We are not aware
that the application was granted by the King, no record of the fact
having come under our notice.

W. PHILLIPS.

^ The original letter with the autograph signature of the Earl is in
the archives of the Corporation of Shrewsbury.
- Clive's Hist, of Ludlow, p. 180.

313

NOTES ON S H H 0 P S H I II E BIRDS.

13v WILLIAM E. BECKWITH.

C unturned from 2^- 318, 2nd Scries, Vol. II., Part II.

PARROT CROSSBILL, Loxia pityopsittacus.

Although the Comniittee of the British Ornithologists' Union do
not, in their List of British Birds, jjublished in 1883, inchide
Shropshire among the counties where this rare visitor has been
found, there is strong evidence of its having occurred here on
more than one occasion. In the fourth edition of Yarrell's British
Birds Professor Newton states that: — "The first notice of this
bird's apjjearance in Britain is that of Pennant, who, in 1766, after
remarlving {British Zuolui/t/, p. lOG) on the 'two varieties' of
Crossbill, of which Edwards had accurately figured ' tlie lesser
kind ' that he had seen freijuently, wdiile the other was very rare,
says : — ' We received a male and female out of Shropshire,
which were sui)crior in size to the former, the bill remarkably
tliick and short, more encurvated than that of the common
kind, and the ends more blunt.' This larger Crossbill, at first
considered only a variety of the common bird, has for many
years received si)ecific recognition from the most approved
authors, and its claim thereto need rut be discussed here."
Next we have llocke's nute that he hail " seen two specimens of
this bird obtaiiicd near Oswestry." This was about the year
1852; but as both birds were purchased by Henry Shaw, and
evoitually placed in the Clungunford collection, their i<lentity
cannot be questioned.

And lastly comes the specimen killed at Shifnal, in February,
1802, which was shown to the late Thomas Bodenliam in the
fiesh, and at once purchased for iiis collection. This was a
female, apparently a bird of the year, and was pronounced by
(iould to be an inidoubteii example of this s|»ecies. It passed,
on iMr. Bodenham's dea*h, into the jjossession of Mr. Thomas
Dickie, of Pembroke.

These instances, 1 think, justify the Parrot (/'russbill being re-
tained in our county avi-fauna ; but it should be leiiiendjcred
that there is a large parrot like form or race uf L. Curvirostra
which nearly resembles this binl, and too much care cannot bo
taken in submitting suppi)sed specimens of this rare species to
(H)nipetent avithoritics for identification.

Vol. III., -Jnd S. MM

314 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

The habits of the two birds appear to be much alike. Wheelwright
who unfortunately wrote under a pseudonym only — that of an
"Old Bushman" — in hi.s Tta Wars In Swedoi says; — "The
Parrot Crossbill feeds more ujjon the pine cones, the Common
Crossbill on the fir cones. I have heard some hazard an opinion
that these birds are not distinct .species, but such an idea cannot
be entertained by any one, who, like myself, has had the oppor-
tunity of watching' the birds in a state of nature, and does not
merely study dry skins.
STARLING!, Stwuus vulgaris.

I am glad to say that the Starling is an abundant and rapidly
increasing species ; for, nearly resembling its corvine allies, in
many of its habits, it diilers from them in this essential jjarticular,
that, whilst it does an immense amount of good, it does little
or no harm. Indeed, if its raids ujion cherry trees be exce[)ted,
I know of no charge tliat either the farmer or the gai'dener tan
bring against it ; though both are deeply indebted to it for the
many services it renders them.

Yarrell says, that when insect food fails, the Starling will eat
grain, and no doubt in very severe weather it does pick about
among heaps of refuse. The flocks, liowever, that are so often
seen in newly sown cornfields, are searching, not for grain, but
for insects and caterpillars ; often those destructive ones of the
Agrotis moth and Daddy Longlegs which have been brought to
the surface by the tillage Ofjeratiors.

Starlings usually resort to grass fields and lawn^ to feed ; and,
when the latter are frcipiently visited by these bii'ds, the un-
sightl}' worm-custs that so disfigure a neatly kept lawn or tennis
ground soon disap[)ear.

Some })eo[)le dislike and even destroy Starlings, because they
])ersist in building in chinmeys and other inconvenient ]>ku;es ;
but this may e:isily be prevented by fastening a piece of wire
netting ko as to stop their ingress.

Any ii()l(! into which it can K<piec/e, no matter whetiier higii or
h)\v, in tree, rock or building, allbnls tiiis bird a ne.'^ting place ;
and it also often builds among ivy and in the sides of stacks.
At all times gregarious by nature, it prefers to breed in either
large or small colonies, as it funis ai'coniodation ; thuugh a [>air
frc(|uently nest by tliemselves. I'his latter is a habit, indeed,
which leads to one of the worst traits of their character; for
many times, on visiting a Woodpecker's hole in sjtring, have I
found it tenanted not by the rightful owners, but hy a pair of
Starlings.

Ill h'tjbniary and March the soft whistlings of a (lock of these
binls percheil on a tree top sound rather nuisical ; the moi'e so,
perh.ips, oil account of I heir association with thesoiigof the Liul;,
the cry of the I'ewit, and the visible ;ipproach of sprir.g.
And when, the pairing-lime having anivcil, the male; his feathers

BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 315

glittering witli metallic lustio, keeps time, us it were, with head
aiul wings to his varied notes, his appearance is really beautiful.
I'icd varieties of the Starling are not unconnnon ; and, in the
summer of 181)0, a young one, purely white, was killed at Eaton
Cunstaiitinc.

Mr. T. Middleton Howclls assures me that he lias seen three
Starlings at IJightield, near Shrewsbury, engaged in building one
ucst; and in the Fie/d of April 21st, 1888, a correspondent sign-
ing himself II., writes: — "In connection with the nesting of
Starlings, 1 have observed from my boyhood a fact which I
cainiot tind alluded to in any work on natural history.
It is that three birds engage in constructing the nest, such as
it is. On its completion, the third (a bachelor, 1 presume) dis-
appears, and the parents carry on the rest of the duties," It
would be interesting to watch whether this curious habit is of
frequent occurrence, and to ascertain if the third bird does
actually depart on the completion of the nest, and also, if pos-
sible, to which sex it belongs. Dr. Babington, in his Birds of
Suffolk, thus relates an almost similar eccentricity on the part
of Jlooks : — " At Cocklield llectory, hooks attcmi)ted several
times to make their home, but never with success till about four
years ago, when one pair built a nest ; a third bird was always
with them and sat on a neighbouring tree, cawing as if to en-
courage them, or perhaps to teach them the art of nest-building.
It was observed by two persons that the bird which sat upon the
nest had food brought to her ))y both the others."
In autumn and winter, Starlings resort by thousands to the
sides of pools, where they roost among the reeds. AtColemere,
near KUcsmere, it is a very pretty sight on a calm, still evening,
early in November, to watch them assembling. At first a few
come and begin to fl}' round, now high, new low, over the
mere ; soon they are joined by Hocks of all sizes from every side,
until a mass of birds is rapidly sweeping through the air, occa-
sionally dividing into sei)ai-ate Hocks, then uniting with a sud-
den rush in one dense phalanx. These evolutions continue till
dusk aiiproaclies, when, Hying a few times close over the tops of
the reeds, the birds drop suddenly down among them, and, after
a few minutes' ilustering and elumouring, settle for the night.
An almost similar scene may be witnessed at the neighbouring
Croesmere Mere, Almond and Hencote pools, Tibberton pool,
near Newport, and other places wiiere reeds abound.
It is curious that arboreal birds should travel long distances, as
from the numbers observed they must do, to ri)ost in such places ;
but (Jray spe.iks of a more extraordinary liabit still, when he re-
laici that: — "On tlie river Clyde, where the sailing channel is
indicated by barrel-shaped beacons, I have found thousands of
Slarlings roosting at nightfall. iJy rowing up to one of these
hollow [lerches, and ta[)i)ing it with an oar, 1 have been diverted
with the screaming uproai' which enaiicd, uinl the ludicrous

316 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

celerity with wliich the birds niaio their exit by the biiu}'-
hole."

Ill Shropshire the Starling is a partial migrant, as many
birds loave lis for tlie winter. The multitude that con-
gregate at Colemero rapidly dwindle away till at last only a few
roost there. On fine, calm days, more especially in autumn,
these birds sail about in the air like House Martins, catching
insects ; and sometimes a Hock of them may be seen engaged in
this way of feeding.

They are also fond of the blight that so often attacks fields of
peas ; and they frequently perch ni)on the backs of animals to
seek for parasites.

Stevenson, in his Birds of Norfolk; favours the opinion that
the great increase in the numbers of this bird is due to its hav-
ing two or three broods in the year ; but this is not usually the
case. At ]<>aton Coiistautine T was able to watch some fourteen
l)airs, and they rarely attempted even a second brood. Tiio
young (.lies generally Hew by about the middle of June, and old
and young then betook themselves to the fields for the rest of
the summer. PerhaiJS it is owing to the fact that birds of
prey rarely molest them, for I do not rememlier ever to
have found the remains of a Starling that had been killed by a
llawk.

It is very amusing to see a small party of these birds leading
and guiding, as it were, a large flock of rooks or pewits.
KOSE-(JOLOUUED PASTOR, Pastor roseus.

I have previously mentioned a bird of this species that was killed
between Shrewsbury and Meolo I'u-ace, near where the Cemetery
now stands, in the autumn of 18 tl. It was said to have been
accom[)anicd by another ; and Uocke considered the evidence sufii-
cicut to justify him in stating that two specimens had occured
near Shrewsbury. I am now able to record a third, for Mr. J.
AVolIaston Mt)ntfoi'd, kindly sends me w^rd that, in tlie autumn
of iBf)?, Iiis faluer killed one at I'.rockton, near Lydbuiy North,
and that it is still in the possession of Mr,s. (Jrilliths, Bishop's
Castle.

This very rare and irregular visitor is closely allied to the Starling,
and when visiting this country has several times been found in
comj)any with tiiat bird.

The beautiful I'astor is a native of tiic East, and appears like
the Waxwing and Crossbill in the North, to wander hither and
thither, and not to migrate in any particular direction.
HAVEN, Corvns cora.c.

Formerly tiiis bird was a common resident in the county, es-
p(;(:ially on tliehigli moorlands ; and many [)co[)le now or recently
living could point out numerous old nesting sites. The persistent
use of poisoned flesh by gamekeepers and shepherds has, however,

BIKDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 317

iiliiiost oxtonninatod it, and if a oaii- attempt to breed, tlieireggs
or young are taken. Country [>eople, tuo, dislike and perse'.-ute
it ; partly on accouut of its mischievous habits, and partly be-
cause of the foolish superstitions still attaching to its presence.
lOyton, whose remarks ^ij'ply chiefly to the north of the county,
writing in 1838, says that the Kavoa is "often observed in Wales,
and that a few pairs breed in Shropshire, and have been known
to build in the same trees from time immemorial, in spite of the
nest being robbed every year."

One case of such persistent nesting occurred at Longner, near
Shrewsbury, where, tliough carefully cherished by the Burton
family, some mishap befell the old birds, aijout the year 1848,
and the young ones perished. The Wrekiu then became tlie last
sironghold of the liaveu in Nortli Shropshire, and here a pair
bred in jteacc up to the year 1857 or 1858; bat after that, though
the birds were oeexsioiiall}' seen in the si)ring they did not build
in their old nesting places. James Handy, who died in 1874, at
nearly ninety 3 tars of age, and who had lived close by, could
remember several })airs breeding about the hill — one of them in
a large unelimable oak, which must have been like the tree at
Selborne described by Gilbert White, and another on the crags
at the the toj), where a small hollow in the rock is still known
as the Haven's Cup.

In South Shro[Jshire, the Itaven maintained itself to a much later
period, for writing of it from Clungunford, in 18G5, liocke says: —
"This line bird still exists in considerable numbers on Clun
Forest, the Stii)erstones, and other high localities. I have
myself seen it tliis sunnner when looking for the Curlew's nest.
Occasionally its wild croak is heard passing over this hou-e, but
I fear it has been driven from most of its former breeding-places."
The Uev. K. O. Philpott also informs me that up to alxnit the
year 1874, a jKiir biult in Linley Wood, near iJishop's Castle;
and in 1881 some young ones were taken from a nest in a quarry
near (!hurch Stretton. This latter locality lias been frequented
for many years by a pair of Ivaveus, w hose usual fate was to have
their nest destroyed, though they oneasionally reared a brood.
As an accidental visitor the Kaven will still continue to be
known, for it is not uuconnnon in \Vak's, and it is of a roving, or
])erhap.s migratoiy iiabit, in sjjring and autunm. Thus the Kev.
.J. H. Meredith saw one feeding on the bank of the Verniew, near
iMaesbi'ook, on the 18ih Ajiril, 1887; one was trap[)ed near
l>as(diurch in the spring of 1888 ; and 1 have nt)tes of one or
1 wo having rei.'ently been seen about the (!lee Hills, wiiere the
late .Mr. 'I'iiomas Woodward told me tiiere used to be three (jrfour
briH'ding-|»laces ; on the Longmynds, and on Clnn Forest.
Uavens are sometimes gregarious, or jn-rhaps some carcase
attracts them to assemldu logclher. Writing under date of
January I'Jtli, 1888, Mr. Uuddy informed me that Mr. II.
ivobertson had seen twelve near Curwen.

318 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

My most intimate acquaintance with tliis bird was one summer
at Windermere, where evening after evening a sable comj)any of
seven came flying up the hike, having probably been foraging
along the shores of Morecambe Bay, and being now bound for
some roosting place in the cliffs above Ambleside. Their
deliberate flight and expanse of wing contrasted strongly with
a flock of accomjianying Jackdaws which, noisily hurrying to
their roost, looked little larger than lilackbirds, in comparison.
la si)ring, besides their ordinary croak, Kavens utter a sound
not unlike the hoarse bark of a dog, and, when doing sc, usually
turn half a somersault in the air.

CHOW, Corvus corone.

Although inferior in size and strength, this bird, in its habits,
closely resembles the Raven. In the enclosed districts of ISorth
Shropshire the ('row, from continued persecution, has become
rather scarce ; but in the wild and more open localities in the
South it is still conunon.

Within the last thirty years a large nun\ber of Crows collected
to roost u])on the Wrekin, where at that time the keep'..;rs sel-
dom disturbed them. Towards night they might have been
seen wending their way in a stragglmg flock, usually of about
eighty or a hundred ; but one evening in January, 18G5, I
counted a hundred and forty-thioe. Mow however, they are
much scarcer, though a few pairs still build upon the hill.
This assembly consisted, I believe, entirely of Crows, without
any Rooks accompanying them.

A curiously large and sudden collection of these birds took place
at Attingham, in the spring of 187 1, when the dam at the mouth
of the Tern gave way, and the lowering water left thousands of
nuissels, Anodonta cy<jnea, on the nmd. A great number of
what were at flrst supposed to be Rooks gathered to this feast,
but it was soon discovered that they were Crows; and on look-
ing at them through a telesco]je, I could not see a single Rook
in the company. It is easy to conceive how gregarious, or even
semi-gregarious, birds And out a supply of food by watching
each other; but what a marvellous instinct nuist have directed
these Crows, which are nowhere plentiful, to such an unexpected
ban(iuet.

The varied appetite of the Crow admits of its having very few
friends ; for besides feeding on carrion, including dead and
dying iish, left on the land by Hoods, it kills young and weakly
animals, sucks eggs, and takes grain of all kinds, whilst it only
occasionally does some good by devouring insects and cater-
pillars.

At a farmhouse near the Wrekin all kinds of young j)onltry,
moro esi)ecially ducklings, were constantly carried oil" by these
birds.

BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 319

The Crow usually builds in high trees, either in fields or open

woods ; but in this respect it acconimotlatcs itself to circuiu-
tstauces, fur Mr. II. Auden found a nest on the Longinynds in a
bush only about ei'^ht feet from the ground, and Mr. Mitchell,
in his Birds of Lancashire, states that, "among the hills of the
Lake District, it is placed in thorn bushes hardly out of
arm's length." The eggs are slightly larger than those of the
Rook, which they much resemble.

I strongly suspect that the Crow sometimes interbreeds with
the Rook. In March, 1882, a solitary nest was built in a small
wood at Leighton, some distance from the rookery, by two
birds, one of which was a Rook, as evidenced by the white
S})ace at the base of the bill; while the other from its larger
size, black face, and hoarser croak, was apparently a Crow. It
might have been a black-faced Rook ; but I do not think that
it was, as, when flying, it appeared to be altogether larger than
its companion, and at all times was a much shyer bird. Un-
fortunately tiie nest was deserted before any eggs were laid,
An old gamekeeper once assured me that when a single nest was
built not far from a rookery, it was often the result of this cross-
pairing ; and that he had frc(]uently shot both the birds. If
persons wlio have the op[)ortunity would watch these isolated
nests, they might be able to contirm his statement. It would,
however, be necessary to jirocure the two parents, as the Rook
sometimes breeds before it has lost the black bristles at the base
of its bill.

On the moorlands of South Shropshire the Crow, notwithstand-
ing constant persecution, is often to be seen. It is, to some
extent, a migratory bird ; for I have noticed that keepers'
"gibbets"— by no means bad criterions of the abundance or
scarcity in the district of those ill-fated creatures they are
pleased to designate " vermin " — contain Crows more frequently
in spring than at any other season.

HOODED CROW, Comus comix.

An accidental visitor of rare occurence during its migrations in
.spring anil autunni, and one which is most fnMpiciilly found after
high g;de.s. This (!row is anothi;r example of a migrant that is
rare in the west and couimon in the oast of the kingdom ; f»)r,
wiiilsl it is a regular and numenjus winter visitor to Norfolk and
Sullblk, it is scarcely known in Wales.

Unlike the Raven and the Carrion Crow, it does not appear to
have been more numerous in bygone years than it is at present,
as Eyton only records one killed at Eyton on the Wealdmoors ;
and llockesays : — " Occasionally met with, but not very common :
has been killed here in one instance." In October, 1881, a
Hooded Crow was obtained at Walcot, near Bisho|)'s Castle, and
another at Ellesmere ; there is sj)ecimeu in the Shrewsbury
Museum which was shot at Tedsniere, in the spring of 1885 ;

320 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

one was cauglit at Willey Park, in March, 1889; and two others
were killed, one near Leubotwoud, and the other near Market
Drayton, in October of the last-named year.

Besides these instances of its appearance, the late Mr. Thomas
Woodward, of Hopton Conrt, near Cleobury Mortimer, informed
mo that it occasionally occurred about the Clee Hills. Mr. K. B.
Benson once saw one near Church Stretton, and probably a few
others have been seen.

In North Wales, only one has come under Mr. Kuddy's notice,
this was a bird killed near Pale-, in November, 1887, and which
was an unknown si)ccies to the local gamekeepers.
To English game-preservers the Hooded Crow is comparatively
harndess, as it migrates northward before the breeding season
begins ; but the Scottish sportsman regards it in a difieient light.
Its food is much the same as that of Haven and the Crow, though
during its stay in England it is more maritime in its habiL,
and principally subsists on shell-fish and refuse strewn along
the sea shore or the banks of tidal rivers.

Althou;^h for a long time regarded as diflerent, there is now a
very general opinion that the two Crows are merely varieties or
races of one and the same sjjccies.

In the fourth edition of Yarrell's British Birds, the editor,
Professor Newton, writes: — "Evidence accumulated during many
years, through the observation of ornithologists of many countries
and of many schools, seems at last to compel the conclusion
that no specific distinction can be maintamcd between the birds
long known scientifically as Corvus corune unA Curvus comix, and
in English as the Black or Carrion Crow and tlie Grey, Hooded
or Koyston Crow.

True it is that each for the most part may be readily recognized
from the other by its dillerent coloration; that each has°a dif-
ferent range, and, to some extent, slightly diiieren! luibits ; but
when we find that, in the districts in which both occur, they
breed together commonly and indiscriminately, that the ofispriu"-
sometimes combine the ciriracters of both parents, and some-
times favour one or the oilier of them, or ibat in the same brood
all three phases appear, or again tli:a the progeny of parents be-
longing to one form may present all the characteristics of the
other, it seems almost impossible for a scientific naturalist to
retain the time-honoured belief that the two forms are distinct
species." And to this he adds :— " In the technical sense of the
t-ji-m, n(;t an atom of straccural difierence has been found be-
tween the Pdack and the (Jioy (!rows. Tdcing in hand a typical
specimen of each, there is iK^iiglit to distinguish them but
colour."

Hancock and (jiay t(jo, b(;th of whom have had good opportuni-
ties of studying these birds in Scotland, are (if opinion that they
are only forms t)f one sjKcies.

BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 321

ROOK, CorvH.-i fruijUegus.

Tlic question whetlier the Rook is a friend or a foe to agriculture
will ever rcMuaiu a debatoable one; but the fact should not be
lost iLiL;iit of that, whilst it does some harm for a few weeks, it
undoubtedly does a great deal of good during most of the year.
At the same time, now that nearly all its natural enemies have
gone, it seems incumbent ou owners of rookeries annually to
restrict the number of the birds by killing at least a portion of
the young ones, and so prevent them from increasing to an
undue extent.

There can be no doubt that in spring and autumn the Rook does
considerable mischief in newly-sown cornfields, especially in
those which are sown early or late ; for, when the sowing is
general, the birds scatter themselves over so wide an area that
the grain tlifiy take from any one field is inappreciabh.'. Be-
sides, I have frequently kille \ Rooks on freshly-sown land that,
on being opened, proved to have been feeding more upon cater-
j)illar.s llian upon corn. In spring, the Rook is very f(jnd of
digging up newly-j)lanted potatoes ; and in sunnner it does
considerable (iamage in fields of ripening beans and peas, as
well as among corn that has been laid by ytorms. In autiinni,
too, its visits to walnut trees are troublesome , and in severe
winters it pecks into turnips, causing the root to rot, and
pulls the thatch oil" stacks. These are its chief misdeeds, so
far as the farmer is concerned ; and doubtless, in moderate num-
bers. Rooks benefit rather than injure him. Unluckily they
sometimes do unintentional n ischief ; for when they flock to a
field where the crop has been attacked by caterpillars, they up-
root the plants in order to reach the grub.

In spring ami summer, especially when the ground is hard, and
grubs arc, in conseipience dillicult to obtain, they become very
omnivorous, and jjrey, amongst other things, upon young birds,
including jioultry, carrion, and ef,'gs of all kinds. In such sea-
suns 1 havi; known .siveral Rooks taken daily in traps, bailed
with egg-shells or )>ieces of llesh. 'I'hey also, like (Jrows, resort
to fields tliat have been flooded, to feed upon stranded fish and
mussels ; but with the exception of acorns, which they are
remarkably fond of picking off and from underneath the trees,
they do not eat any wild fruit or seeds of weeds.
It is didicult to distinguish between tiie young of the Crow and
Rook, but the latter bus a smaller bill, thinner legs, and is al-
to'((!t,her a less robust bird than the formei'.

After the first moult tlie Hook usually loses the facial bristles
which cover the base of the bill, and begins also to lose the siu'-
rounding feathers, leaving at lirst a small, and, as the bird gets
olchir a larger circle of bare, white, wiirty skin, by which it is
iMsily known,
'i'liis, iiowcver, is not invariably the case ; and, occasionally,

Vol. 111., 2ud S. NN

322 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

liooks arc found a year and more old that Iiave lost neither the
bri.stles nor the feathers. They are thus only tc be known from
t'rows by the puij)le glossy colouring of their backs, and the
more silky texture of their feathers.

On the 4th June, 1875, I obtained one of these black-faced Kooks
•which still retained its facial bristles and feathers, although
it had been breeding; and again on the ovd of He[)tember, 1881,
I killed anotlier, also a bird tliat had bred, with feathers on the
face like a Crow, but in all other respects a veritable Rook.
Both of these specimens were in good plumage, and appeared to be
healthy birds.

Several times, too, in the breeding season, I have noticed black-
faced liooks mated with others. It may be that the occasional
retention of these feather.s for so much longer a ])eriod than
usual, is accidental; or it may be that, if my surmise that the
Crow and the Hook sometimes mate together, be correct, these
black-faced birds are their proger.y, and in this jjarticular resemble
their Crow parent. From being a wary and luiapproachable
bird, the Rook, as soon as jjairing-time commences, becomes
not only taiue and familiar, but seems to delight in the society
of man. So nuudi is this the case indeed, that when it builds
in wt)ols, it prefers the trees nearest to some house ; and it also
likes to buihl in towns.

When the young can fly well, they are taken oil" to the (ields,
and, though the rookery is visited almost daily, no birds roost
there till the breeding-season begins, early in March. Probably
in winter Rooks resort, like Starlings, to certain favourite roost-
ing ] daces. At Eaton Constantinc, from October till the end of
Februars-, a large straggling flock passed over the village every
morning, flying towards the south-east, and in the afternoon re-
turned towards the north-west ; but wdiencc these birds came, or
whitlun- tiicy went, 1 could never discover.

In severe weather Rooks become very tame, and many uro
thoughtlessly killed. In the intense frost of December and
January, 1H90-1, in many places tliey camo to teed with small
birds on the grain and crundjs thrown from windows; anil they
were also seen to kill starvcil and w(;akly birds.

JACKD.WV, C»n>ii.-i munxlala.

The most abundant of tiie family, except tho Rook, the (juaint,
merry Jackdaw is eonnuon alike in country and in town ; breed-
ing in hollow trees, ruins, churelies, and other buildings, wdierc-
ever it can lind a suitable lude.

.About Rridgnorth, whrK; it is very numrrouH, it, iidiMbits hol(;s
and cavities in tin; sandstone rocli, nesting in large or small
(;ol()nies, as it finds acconnnodatiuu ; and Mr. C. |{. (lawen
iid.Miiis m.t thai, in Chclwynd l^irk, near Nrwporl, il nests down
raliltil linjcs, on the .slupt; »»f a stcrp hill locally callcil u " .scaur."

BIRDS OF SIIUOPsillirvE. ^J"23

Occasionally, too, it lays in uM Kooks' nests, or builds amongst
ivy ; and I fear that one cause of the decrease of the White and
Tawny Owls is tliat their holes are too often invaded by this
nuisy biid.

Standing one day on the Knglish briilge in Shrewsbury, I was
amused by a Jackdaw which was building in a neiglibouring
turret. Several times it hai)i)ened that when carrying sticks by
the middle, it could not get them through the aperture ; so, fly-
ing od" onto the roof, it took them by one end, and thus easily
|)\ished them in to its mate.

After the breeding season is over, Jackdaws leave the towns, and
go about either by themselves or, more generally, in company
with Hooks; but in severe weather they quickly resort to the
neighbourhood of houses and farm-yards.

Few articles in the way of food comes amiss to this bird, for it
l)icks up street refuse, kills young birds, sucks eggs, and cats
grain of all kinds, as well as carrion. In dove-cotes it is an
especial nuisance, for not only does it so terrify the inmates that
they quickly forsake the building, but it will kill both the old
and the yoinig jiigeons.

In fact it is, 1 should say, the most mischievous and least useful
of the tiibc.

After all these iniquities, however, the Jackdaw is such a gay,
light-hearted fellow, that he will ever possess friends who will be
sure to encourage him, and even to huigh at his misdemeanours.
In spring, too, his glossy rre.-^s of black and grey gives him a
dignilied look so totally at variance with his real character, that
it adds a hulicrous uir to his grave appearance.
iMAOPIE, Pica cauilata

Although much persecuted on all sides on account of its propen-
sity for sucking e,:?gs, the lively, handsome Magpie is still a com-
mon resident. And apart from this weakness, it is a harmless, nay,
even useful bird ; for though it occa.ssionally kills a young or
weakly chick, it docs not c;iro for grain, and is usually to be
seen ho[)piug over grass lields searching for grubs and worms.
No egg, iunvever, is safe from it; and one summer I knew of a
pair that watched a turkey laying in a hedge, and, as soon as she
had left the nest, proceeded to suck the egg. The Magpie, is to
a certain extent, migratory ; and during some winters flocks of
twenty, or thirty, or even more, are to be found throughout the
season, but usually they pass on southward in autumn, to re-
ai)pear in spring. At this sca.son Eyton had evidently noticed
these migratory flocks ; though he erroneously attributed them
to the assembling together of the binls engaged in breeding,
when he says :— " More than two or three of these birds are
.seldom seen together; but iu March and .\pril, after they have
built their nests, 1 have observed flights of forty or iifty roost iu
the same plantation."

324 BIRDS OF simorsTiiRE.

The winters of 18G0-1, 1864-5, 18G9-70, 1879-80, and 1880-1,
were remarkable for the abundance of Magiiics ; and as the
severe weather caused a scarcity of food, great was the slaughter
among them. It was not unusual, indeed, to take five or six
from the same trap in a single day.

The well-wooded district around ]'>llesmere, surrounded as it is by
a wide tract of partly-enclosed, jjartly-wild country, is a very
usual [)lace for tliese migratory Magpies to tarry in. One after-
noon, early in March 1880, 1 counted no less than sixty-four
crossing over Crosemerc Mere to roost in an adjacent jjlantation
of tliick firs ; and although [ never again saw so many, large num-
bers came for several evenings to roost in the wood round Cole-
mere Mere.

r^lr. (jJ. II. Paddock, also informs me that near Newport, in the
spring of 1885, he saw as many as thirty-seven together.
In spring, too, 1 have sometimes observed these birds passing
over at a considerable height, and evidently intent upon travel-
ling, their prolonged and even flight being tjuite unlike their
usual desultory motion when flitting from tree to tree.
The Magpie chooses various sites for its large-domed nest, which
in early spring, is a conspicuous object in some poplar or other tall
tree. It would seem that the birds then hope to escape molestation
from the height of the position ; for, after the leaves are fully
out, lower situations are chosen, and twice I have foiuid a nest
in a thick hawthorn bush, less than six feet from the ground, so
that the eggs could easily be seen Few nests, too, are made
more use of than that of the ^lagpie, as for years after the original
owners have vacated it, both Great and Blue Tits, House and
'I'ree Sparrows, occujjy its interior. Then as the dome decays,
the Kestrel and the Sparrow-hawk lay in it; and in the last
stage of its existence, the Wood-pigeon uses the platform whereon
to deposit her two eggs.

Varieties of this bird are seldom seen ; but in November,
18G-i, a bird of the year with purely white plumage and bill and
legs nearly so was killed at Upton Magna.
The Magpie does not appear to be common in North Wales.

JAY, Garrtdus, (/landarius.

This handsome bird is still common in many of our large woods,
though it suffers heavily at the hands of gamekeepers ; for, not
only does it anck eggs and kill nestling birds, but its bright
plumes are ever in recpiest for making artificial flies, and for or-
naments. It is also mischievous in gardens which lie in the
neighbourhood of woods, as it greedily eats cherries, as well as
beans and pean.

At the same time, it consumes a considerable fpiantity of insect
food ; for some young ones tliat were taken by a kec];er's son at
Leighton, and ])ut into a cage near the nest, so that tlie old ouca

BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 325

could feed thorn, were chiefly supplied with caterpillars, varied
now and then with beans and peas.

l''cw birds arc more watchful than the Jay, and anything un-
usual stiiriuf,' in a wood, whether hy day or night, is almost cer-
tain to call forth its harsh scolding cries. Jt has also a peculiar
faculty for concealing itself; and will sit motionless in a tree or
bush, its bright eyes peering in all directions, till it deems all
danger past. When undisturbed, especially in'spring, its com-
mon note is a soft whi.stle, varied now and then with a low croak.
Allhougli seldom seen far away from wotxls, its great liking for
acorns an 1 beech-inits induces it in autunni to wander into the
ojicn country ; and it may then be seen in small parties, Hitting
from tree to tree. The nest of the Jay is usually well
hidden, and placed at no great height, cither in a low tree or a
bush. About the Wrckin, where these birds are still very com-
mon, a favourite site for the nest was a hawthorn, surrounded by
tall gorse ; and I have found it occasionally built in a high brake
of gorse.

Eyton, who had unusual facilities for watching this bird in the
thick woods about Eyton, noticed that if its eggs were " touched
or disturbed" they were "sure shortly to disappear," and
suggests that they may be " carried off by the bird to some safer
situation." lu woods where game is not much preserved. Jays
are often gregarious in winter ; and it is not unusual to find fif-
teen or twenty together.

It is curious how birds of c-ven the size of a Jay become paralysed
with fear at the sight of a hawk ; though they are seldom attacked
by it. One day I was walking up a dingle near the Wrekin,
when a Sparrow-hawk flew by ; and I afterwards found several
Jays, that had been feeding by the brook, so frightened that
they would scarcely fly, but kept hopping and creeping among
the bushes.

The Starling,llaven, Jackdaw, Magpie,and Jay are the only British
birds that arc able to imitate the human voice. Of these the
Haven is said to be the most proficient ; then the Magpie, Jay,
and Starling, and lastly the Jackdaw, wliich seldom gets beyond
calling itself " Jack."

It is needless to say that the barbarous practice of slittinc* the
tongues of these birds rather detracts from their vocal powers
than contributes to their developuieut.

ORKd'^N WOODT'KA^KEH, Pirus vim/is.

This bird is more generally distributed than the other two species;
as its fondness for ants, which in Hummer and autunni consti-
tute its i)rincipal food, leads it to stray from woods on to bai'C
iiills and uplands. And wiicii, as dlUu happens on high ground,
l\wi\) is a coudjination of wood interspei-.sed wil h open glades,
ubitunding inant hillH,tho(jlrocn Woodpecker is curtain to bu fouuil.

326 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

This is the case about tlic Wrckin, where in sijring in warn
showery weatlicr, its loud ringing huigh and the variations of it
repeated ta})s on some tree, are delightful rural sounds.
The Hcighoe, as it is commonly called, is also fond of frequenting
parks where old trees are decaying, as well as pollard willows b^
streams and pools where insect food abounds.
It is a pleasing sight to see a pair cf these birds boring a hoh
for their nest. After a circular orifice has been made either ii
the bole or one of the larger branches of a tree, as true as i
marked out by a compass, one of them enters and stocks awaj
the wood, while the other remains close by, ready to share the
task ; and so rapid is their united work, that the ground beneatl
is soon thickly strewn with chips. Indeed, when not seeking foi
its nest, I have often been attracted to it by noticing the frag
ments thus thrown out lying at the foot of a tree.
This, the largest of our ^\''oo(ipecke^s now that the Great Blacl<
Woodpecker, P. marthis, is no longer considered to be British,
is much more shy than the two next species, and seldom comes '
near houses. It is a very beautiful bird, whether in the adult oi
innuature plumage ; and is seen to the best advantage when
clinging to a tree before commencing its search for insects. Yet
its gay dress often brings about its destruction ; and ruthless
people shoot it down in order to secure its plumes, or to have it
stuficd for an ornament.

This bird excavates a nesting liole in a single tree just as often
as in a wood; though in the former case it is usaally disturbed
by Starlings. In its choice of a tree, no particular kind seems
to be preferred ; but probably its instinct usually leads it to select
one where inward decay has begun, and thej^rocess of boring made
eiisier in consequence. I have frequently found it breeding in
the ash, wych and common elms, alder, willow, sweet chestnut,
and crab, and less commonly in the poplar, sycamore, walnut, and
oak. The eggs which are laid u[)on fine dust and chips, without
any attempt at a nest, are pure shining wiiiti', but occasionally
they become spotted and stained from contact with the wood.
15eforo the young can lly, they climb about the tree, and are then
fed by the old ones with moths and caterpillars. I once came upon
a family of three yovnig ones near Leighton, and after watching
their parents feeding tiiem for some time, walked towards the
tree, when the old birds, throwing oil" their shyness,flew round and
romul, uttering a low plaintive laugh, and now and then alighting
on the ground close by. In the meanwhile the young quietly
but (juickly retreated into their hole.

This Woodpecker suilers severely in hard winters; and in such
.seasons is no (loid)t migratory, in tliosc of ISGO-l, lS7'1-5,
1879-80, lBSl-2, luunbcr.s were brought' to the hirdstullers in
a miserable st.atc of starvation ; and many of them were .said to
have been killed with stones.

BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 327

CREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER, Pkus major.

Although rather rare in summer, tliere is no woodland district
where one or two pairs of this bird are not occasionally, if not
regularly, to be found breeding ; whilst in some winters it has
been so numerous that migrants must certainly have visiteil ns.
The years 186i, 18G8, 1871, IS79, 1880, 1882, and 188'J, were
I'emarkablo for the number of Spotted \Voodpeckers obtained and
s;en during the months of October, November, and December ;
most of which, as is often the case with visitors from the North,
were cither females or yonng birds, the old males being ap-
parently better able to withstand rigoions seasons than their
l)arluers or t)irspring. The hreoding habits of the (Jreen and the
Spotted Woud[)ecker are nuich alike, except that the present bird
more freipiently nests in parks and woods than in tolitar}' trees ;
and, as such plaues are seldom invaded by the iniscrupulous egg-
collector or the bird-nesting boy, it has a better chance of reai'-
ing its brood.

This immunity from danger, has, indeed, so contributed towards its
increase that it is now resident in localities where a few years ago
it was only of occasional occurrence. In 1838, Eyton wrote
that it was " not so common as the other two species ;" while
Rocke, in ISGG, says: — "Much more rare than the preceding
bird, though a good many are to be found in this county. They
also breed pretty regularly with us. I knew of a nest last year
on the banks of the Clun, which I trust came to maturity." But
Mr. (J. H. Paddock, in his Notes on the IjtrJs found near Ntwport,
))ublished in 1890, remarks : — ■'• 1 see this species so frequently
that I must look upon it as being the most connnon Woodpecker
in our neighbourhood; though a dozen or more years ago this was
not the case, the Green Woodpecker then being the one which I
most frequently saw and heard."

My own notes, too, for more than thirty years, evidence that it
has much increased of late, and that it now constantly breeds
near Shifnal, round the Wrekin, about EUesmere, Oswestry,
Hanghmoud hill, Berwick, Attingham, and along the valley of
the Severn from Atcham to the confines of Worcestershire ;
whilst in South Shropshire it is even more generally distributed.
This bird does not often bore a nest-hole for itself. An oak near
the \Vrckin was bored by a i)air of Creen Woodpeckers in 1874,
and occupied by them for several sunnners ; then for some years
a pair of Spotted AVoodpeckers fiested in it, after which the
original excavators again took possession, 'i'he tree in tpiestion,
1 may remark, was ap[)arenlly a healthy and growing one, as
up to the year 1888, neither its bark, foliage, nor branches,
hhowed signs of incipient decay,

'V\\\> bird fre(]uently, also, hollows out a shallow receptacle for
its (■■•;;;; in llic drcaycij wood of old and pollard trees; and at
Couml a p:ur lor many years reared their hrood in a lissur(! of :i
partly sjilit I rei; only h)ur feet from I lie ground.

328 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE.

With the exception of a sharp note like the syllable gick quickly
repeated, the Spotted Woodpecker has no vocal note; it produces,
however, a very remarkable instrumental one, which probably
serves as an amatory call, and is also made by both sexes when
their nest is in danger.

This sound, which can be heard for some distance, and is like a
continuous creaking or hammering, is made by the bird rapidly
and repeatedly striking some dead and naked branch ; whilst it
now and then turns round or runs up and down as if highly proud
of itself, and eager to secure a [loint that will give oft' the loudest
vibrations.

When the bird is alarmed, however, it produces the same sound
from any part of a tree, or even from a rail ; and the best way
to observe the operation is to stand quietly by its nesting-tree.
This species is more familiar than the last, and is not unfre-
quently noticed in gardens and orchards ; it is also more arboreal
in its habits, and is rarely seen upon the ground.
Besides insects, this Woodpecker is said to eat fruit, acorns, and
nuts ; but the late Henry Shaw, who was in the habit of exam-
ining the food of birds sent to him for preservation, was of
oiiinion that both this and the next species ate vegetable matter
only when it was decayed and contained insects or their larvfe.
Writing from Pale, near Corwen, Mr. Iluddy informs me that the
Green Woodpecker is common, the (Jrcat Spotted Woodpecker
scarce, and the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker rare in that jiart of
Wales.

/ Tn U ami! mini J.

320

HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY HUNDRED OR
LIBERTIES.

By tue late Rev. JOHN BRICKDALE BLAKEWAY, M.A.
Co7itinued from 2nd Sei'ies, Vol. II., p. 358.

OROWMEOLE and GOOSEHILL.

A TOWNSHIP IN I'lUi PARISH OF ST. CHAD.

At the time of the Domesday survey, and no doubt
also in the Saxon times, though that is not expressed,
the Bisliop of Chester held one manor, Melam, in the
hundred of the city, i.e., within the liberties of Shrews-
bury. " Non est neque fuit hospitatum ; "^ that is, as
I understand it, those who occupy it imder the Bishop
do not reside upon it. As it appears from Domesday
that the Bishop had certain cottages and burgesses in
Shrewsbury, — (the burgesses of that time and long after
were little better than cottagers), — it is probable that
they were employed in the tillage of this ])roperty,
from which they coidd so readily return home every
ni<;ht to their cottaijfeH in the town.

Buihlwas Abbey was erected some tune between
1128, when its founder, Roger Clinton, succeeded to
the see of Coventry, and 1139, when it is noticed in a
charter of King Stephen ; and either Clinton or one of
his immediate successors granted to those monks the

^ [Hospitatum, a word ciiuivaltnt to coloiiatuni. It occurs clsc-
wlicro ill Domesday : a doinu.s lioti|)itata is oi»[)osicd to luaii.sio va.sta.
The i!l^lu)^)'.s manor was not occupied by any Ijurgesses or other Free
Teiiant.s, nor was it j^eldable, Duiiicsilay states tiiai in the time of
King Ivlwanl it rendered UUs.- it now renders 17a. M. Cf. Eyton vi.,
351), 3G0.— Ei).]

Vol. lir., L'nd S. PO

330 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LTBF.KTIES.

tithe of corn, for so I iindevstand the words " coUecta
bladi," of this manor. This Collecta was called Ohnrch-
omber,^ i.e., as I suppose, an alms given to the Church.
But the manor itself continued in the see till 1192,
when Hugh Nonant, the fourth saccessor to C!linton,
conferred upon the monks of Buildwas, *' villam de
Meola cum omnibus pertinentiis suis, et burgenses^ de
Salopesburi ad nos pertinentes " — the vill of Meole with
all its appurtenances and the burgesses of Shrewsbury
to us belonging — " et collectum bladi^ ([u;e a[)pelletur

^ [Eyton points out that the impost callcil Chcrcliomhre was an
ecclesiastical due, a right to collect corn, a cliar^^e assessable on the
Hundrcils of Rccordine and Conodovre by the Bishops of Coventry
and Liclifiekl. This charge was made over by Bishop Peche to the
monks of Buildwas; and ])ayment to these moid<s was sometimes
resisted. Cf. P:yton vi., 327 9, 359.— Ed.]

' [Were these burgesses of Slu-ewsbury thus made over resident on
the land of T^leolo, or within tlie walls of Shrewsbury 1 Eyton ])oints
out that si.xtecn burgesses of Sin-ewsbury, not connected with Meole,
had belonged to tha Domesday Bishop of Chester ; and he suggests
that some of tliesc burgesses were occu})ying the land of Meole in the
time of Bislu)[» Clinton. Ibid. — En.]

3 WlNTERDYNE, NoV. 21, 1814.

Dear Sir,

I am extremely sorry tliat it is not in my power to give you a
satisfactory explanation of the phrase, "collectum bladi." Theobvii/us
meaning (jf the W(;rds miglit seem to refer to Tytlie in kind, wlieu
ap|jlicd to a particular parish, but it appears from a charter conlirmed
to Buildwas by Jlic. 1st., A.D. 1189, that tliis privilege e.xtentied to
the Hundreds of Wrocwardyn and Cundover, " et collectam hladi
qure vocatur Chirtumber de duobus Hundredis de Wrocwordiu et
Conedovere ; " of course, it could not be Tythe.

I conceive this claim nuist have been something of the nature of
what was called Ch/rsct or C/iurc/icsset, which was a tribute of corn
presented to the Church on St. Martin's Day (see Cowel). Tlie word
Ambry, ])ronouncod also Aumbry, is a contraction of Almonary. It
was a place in tlie Monasteries where tlie provisions destined for the
poor were kept and distributed. Now \vc have only to sujiposc (he
word Church-o/«/;('/', or rather muhrc, coming from a Norman with an
accent on the last syllable, and Church-audiry l)ccomes Chirt iunbie,
which may i-easonably be interj)reted (Jhurch-alms, a Cliurch tril)ute.
The cliange from ond)rc to oudici is very e;i.siiy allowabh!. TJii.s is
cunjci-t ui'al, and I have in vain lookctl juio all (he (Ilossaii(s for

CKUWMEOLK AND GOUISElllLL. 331

('liiuclioiaber qiuiin predecessores uostri luibuiyse &
eis(l(jiii Moiuicliis cuntulisse iios })ertiiientem ad inaiie-
riuni de Buildwas & Meoles."

CONFIRMATION BY HUGH, BISHOP OF COVENTRY AND LICHFIELD,
TO BUILDWAS ABBEY, 1192.

Omnibus Saiicte l\riitris ecclcsio filiis ad quos litcre presentes
pervencnnt, Hugo servac-'onc divine Covcntrensis episcopus
salutom in vero salutavi Noverit universitas vestra nos atten-
dcntos pi-edeccsboi'um nostrorum bonomemorie Ixogeri Walteri
Kicardi episcoporum institata et eoruni in similibus premia
rationc volentes sequi vestigia intuitu quoque lionestatis &
paupcritatis monacliorurn de Bildewas, concessisso eisdem ct
])resenti carta nostra confinnassc locum de BildcAvas in quo
I)eo militant sub regula beati Ijcnedicti et ordine Cistercien-
sium cum omnibus pertincntiis suis in bosco & piano in
piscariis in acquis in pasturis et pratis ct omnibus aliis ad
oundem locum pevtinentibus Villamc|uc de Mcola cum omni-
bus [)ertincntiis suis et burgcnscs de Salopesburi ad nos per-
tinentes et tenuram que fuit edrici juxta lichcsfeld et iiij°'^
solidos in molendino do buina et dimidiam mansuram in
foriato a[)ud cestre que fuit lierberti scriptoris et coilectam
bladi que apellatur Chircli-omber quam predecessores nostri
habuisso et eisdem monachis contulisse noscuntiir pertinentcm
ad manerium de Bildewas & Meoles, inpcrpetuum possidenda
& suis iuribus profutura, Ut autem lice nostra concessio
futuris tem[)oribus rata et inconcussa permaneant cam sigilli
nostri uulitura inperpetuum munimine consensu animus et
auctoritatc capituli nostri de Couentre et capituli nostri de
lichesfeld dependentibus eorum sigillis communiuimus. Data

Church-oniber, nor i.s the word known iu the offices in London, as
occurring in other deeds. It would have given me great Butisfaction
if I could have furnished a better account, but 1 can only say —
"C^uod est, eo decet uti."

I remain, dear Sir,

Yours very truly,

W. M. MOSULEY.

Upon looking at the Survey of Buildwas ut the Dissolution, I
perceive the Abbey had a tenement at Monke Ileys, let to ]Iu"h
Burley at the rent of 13s. -Id. per ann., and a farm at Monke Meyll
ct Muiike Kye, alias CrowmeoK', let to Will. Myiton at the rent of
£l:i Gs. .S(L per ann. Noliiing is tsaid of Tylhe or otlier dues.
(Qiittiv if (Miurchomber is coimeetei.1 willi Kiuijur, a ciriaiit or coiu'se,
wlienee ember weeks '()

332 HISTORY OF Shrewsbury libkrties.

apud Bildewas anno pontificatus nostro quinto, die doininica
in fosto S"^^ Cocilio, multis ucnerabilibus pcrsonis astantibus,
Anno ab incarnacione doniini ^1° C. xc. ii°. His tcstibns :
Hugone abb'o dc Salopesbnri, Rob. abb'o de Basigbe^<,^_Rical•do
abb'e dc llagcmo', Rob'to priorc de Weneloc, Willo iilio Alani,
Rodberto Corbet, Henrico archidiacono de Stafford, Ricardo
archidiacono de Salopcsburi, Mag'ro Rob'to de Salopesbi,
Mag'ro Ricardo de gncvsale, Mag'ro Willo Duredent, Mag'ro
Hcnr' de Bredesliale, Rog' Corbet, Willo de hcdlehe, Stepbano
de Stantun, Ricardo de lebtun, Macolumbo de Herlehe, Alano
de Bildewas & multis aliis.

{Ex autograpko 'penes irrccnoh. com. de Bridgewater).

In the Hundred Koll or f'eodary of the hberties of
Shrewsbury, about 7 Edward I., the Abbot of Bylde-
was is stated to hold the grange of Meole within the
liberty and hundred of Salop of the gift of Iloger,
formerly Bishop oF Chester, from the first foundation
of the Abbey, and there are there in demesne five
carucates of arable land, and they are worth by the
year £10 ; also one acre of meadow worth by the year
half a mark. " Item 1 molend aquat'. et 1 molend
equar.", I suppose a water-mill and a horse mill, worth
by the year JCA, and a fish jtool of half an acre. It is a
proof of the slight way in which any researches of
antiquity were conducted in those inquests, that the
donation is said to have been made at the foundation
of Buildwas, which did not take place for half a century
afterwards. (But ]\Ir. Moseley says that Monk IMeole
was granted to Buildwas at the foundation !) All the
monastic orders were of use in reducing the country to
a state of cultivation. The Cistercians, to whom Build-
was belonged, were more especially so. Agriculture
was one of their express objects (Whitaker's History of
Whalleij, p. 107). They kept most of their land in
their own hands ; and hence, in the entry just quoted,
this is called the grange of Meole. 'J'he same entry
further shows the good state to which they brought
their land, for five carucates at £10 is \d. an acre,
equal, according to the usual conqnitation, to 9s. 4d. of
present money. However, in the Valor of l^jpo

CROWMEOLE AND GOOSEIIILL. 333

Nicholas, not ten years later, both the quantity and
quality of their land is reduced in value ; the carucates
are but four, and the rate of each only 14s., little more
than lJ;d. an acre ; but the profits of their stock is
£5 15s. 3d., and their mill £1.

In the 27tli of the same reign, 1299,. among the
assizes of Salop in the Chapter House of AVestminster,
is one to ascertain whether William — (on the very same
roll, but just before he is called llcnnj, and that, I
believe, was his real name) — abbot of l^uldewas, had
disseised Kobt. Ivon of Shulton of common in Meles
monachorum, belonging to his freehold of Shulton.
The abbot's bailiff pleads : "quod Meles Moygncs non
est villa nee hamelettum," that Monk Meole is neither
township nor hamlet: "et si convincatur esse, tunc &c.;"
and if it be proved to be township or hamlet, then he
pleads that the name of the place is Shelton, not
Shulton ; and if it be proved to be Shulton, then lie

pleads that ; but I did not think it worth while to

transcribe the remainder of the record, as at last it was
adjourned, and therefore I am unable to state the final
result.

26 Edw. III. Hugh abbot k y^ convent of Buldewas,
demise to Tho. de Mutton of ^Salop, for 99 yeai's, a
certain placea of land of our lordship of Monkemele,
called Monkysuge, which Galfrid Ilandulf of Salop
formerly held of our ancessors.

8 J ion. IV. David llolbache grants to I{c<nnald
Mutton of Salop his estate k term in the grange ot
Monkemele, he paying the ferme k dues to liuildewas
Abbey.

7 April, 26 Hen. VIII., Stephen abbot of Byldwas
& the convent demise to Kichard Mitton of Morehalle,
CO. Warwick, Esq., all their lands, etc., in Monkcmeole
k Monk-Eye, otherwise ctilled Crow-mcle, for 99 years,
after the (lotcnnination of a former lease of the same
granted 2 Ai)ril, 22 lien. VII., by William late .abbot
and lh(i convent to William Mitton late of SInow.sbury,
Es(|uyer.

334 HISTORY OF SlIKliWSBURY LI13E11TIE.S.

[This last lease would expire at Lady Day, 1706.]
On the Dissolution, the manor or grange ot" Cormeil
and Monkmeil was granted to Edward Grey, Lord
Powis, in 29 Henry VIIL, — (The clause in the original
grant ot* Henry VHL, which, by the favour of Mr.
Moseley I inspected, signed at top with the royal &ig-
natui'O from the stamp which he made use of, is, — "and
also all those manors or granges called Harnage grange,
Hatton grange, Iluckley grange, Stricheley grange,
Cormeil and Monkmeil grange, Bilton otherwise Bicke-
ton grange." Li the grant of King James, as extracted
in 31S. Edwards, it is " the manor or grange of
Monkmeyle grunge, Monkheyes, IMonkmeyle, Monkey,
Crowmell, Biketon and Bilton,") — with the other posses-
sions of the monastery of Buildwas, from whom they
vested in his natural son Edward Grey.^ What has
been said of the alienation of Bicton by that gentleman
to Edward Foxe, of the subsequent recovery to him
and Edward Leigliton, of Charles Foxe's feoftment to
Thomas Leigliton and others, and of it holding by the
feolfees in 36 Elizabeth, equally applies to this place.
In some of these conveyances it appeors by the name
of Monk eye; and in 1 Jac, 20 March, the manor or
grange of Monckmeyle, Monckheyes, Monckeye, Crow-
nieil, Bikton, and Bilton, and all other manors or
granges, and other lands in villa predicta are granted
to Henry Fox, Esq., in fee of the old rent (MS.
Edwards).

31 Oct., 11 Jac. [1613],- Tvichard Coxe of London,
gent., conveys to Henry Foxe, of tlie Hurst, Esq., a
moiety of the manor farm and grange of Crowemyle,
alias Munkmyle and Munkey, and a moiety of the

1 [111 Aiklitiuiial MS., 30,322, is given, ut fu. 69, the Iiuiuis j). in.
takrii 1 I Aug., 1 Elizabeth, after the deatli of Sir Jvlw. (iiaye, Knt.,
Lunl I'owes, wliich relates to Clroekmill, iiiclou, and Munekhill
(jliaii-es; and at fo. 1)0, the Inq. p. ui. taken 30 \Kc., 7 Kli/.abeth,
after the death of Jtiehard (sou of CJeorye) Vernon, Ksq., whieh relates
to the same. — Eo.]

■^ I See tiiis Deed in Additirnal MS. 30,321, fo. ".)(;. -En. J

CROWMHorj-: and cooskiiill. 335

manor farm jind grango of liicton granted by King
Henry VI If. to the lato right lioiible. Kdwartl Greyo,
knt. , lord Powis.

Nov. 23, 13 Jac. [1(315 j.^ Tlie said Richard Coxc,
then of Kastnor, co. Hereford, Esq., and sherill of y*^
same, declared the use of a line of the ahove to llichard
Mytton of Hailstone, Esq.

As to (!ro\vmeole, it was the place anciently called
Monke-eye. In the compotus of Buildwas Abbey in the
hands of Mr. Moseley, at the time of the dissolution,
one of the heads is, " ]\Ionke Meyll et Monke Eye, alias
vocat' Orowmcll." William Mytton was tenant of this
at the rent of X'13 Gs. 8d. per ann. There was also a
tenement at Monke Ileys, which I conceive to be the
same as Monk eye, let to Hugh Burley at the vent of
13s. 4d. per ann.'-^

The tithe of herbage of pasture called Monky mele,
in the suburb of Salop, belonged to the collegiate
church of St. Chad, under which at the time of tlie
dissolution of colleges 1 Edward VI., it was holden by
Nichdlas Purccll at a rent of 13. 4d. it was then 22
June, 1548, leased to Geo. Boston, Esq., for twenty-
one years with the rest of St. Chad's possessions. With
them it was on the 21st of Elizabeth, li April, 1579,
granted out to her favourite, Sir Christopher Hatton,
by the name of the tithe of Munk Eye, parcel of the
dissolved CviUege of St. Chad. Sir (Christopher the
day following conveyed it to Tho. ( Vonq)ton and John
Morley, who, on the 30tii of April in the; following
yciar, sold it to Thomas Owen and Itowland Watson,
Es(phres, of Lincoln's Inn, the first of whom was a
judoe, a native of this town, and the founder of the
Condover family ; and he and AV.atson on Nov. 28,

• \ii,i.i fo. io;).-i';i). I

- (Tlu; Vulur of 1 ."i,");") (i dcscrilKS tlic l'>uilil\v;is ('sliiti! of Crow
McH)li.' ;unl Monk Mcnlc ;is Cruiii/i I luid ManLt mt i/l. IL then rciili.si'd
.€l;5 (is. Sil. per .uiiiuiu ; ;ilso fiom Monki'h.iylcs ;i icvciiiio of l;!s. Id.
iiro'-,c. 'I'lic M iiii:;lcr.s' AccomiL> nf I .'tiKi 7 'dM' llu'siinir I wo .sinus ;ih
iil-isili;; from M(iul.iii(.'ylL' :iiid MoiiLc rye. ( '/'. I'!)lnii \ i. , lidU.- Mn. 1

336 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

1588, conveyed these tithes^ to the Corporation of
Shrewsbury. In this purchase, whicli was made with
tlie money bequeathed by Thomas Blakemore, notary
pubhck of London, towards the maintenance of a
preacher in St. Chad's Church, the tithes are caUed
those of corn and hay in Monk eye.

As to the tithes of Crowmeole, Edward VI., on the
1st June, 1549, granted the titlies of corn and hay of
the grange of Crowmill to John Southcote and Henry
Chiverton (or Chevinton), who, on the 4th of March in
the following year, convey them to lioger Luter and
Catherine his wife.^ In 1G05, March 3rd, Thomas
Luter, son and heir of Roger, and Thomas his son, sold
them to Hugh Harris, who had also another grant G
May, 1609, from Robert laiter. Hugh Harris and
Eleanor his wife, l^Iay 8, IG14, to Leonard Hinckes ;
Hinckes on July 1, 1G33, to Nicholas Tench, merchant,
of London, whose son, Nathaniel Tench of London, Esq.,
in 1674, Dec. 18, settled them on feoffees for the beneht
of the minister of St. Chad's.

As the Cistertian houses were exempt from the pay-
ment of tithes, etc., even if this had not been the case,
the house of Build was was entitled to the collecta hladi
in Monke meole from the time almost of its foundation,
the riMit of the Collefje of St. Chad to these tithes
must ascend to a ])eri()d of the remotest anticpiity,
anterior to the clahii of Cistertian exemption, and at
least coawal with Uie ago of Roger do ('liuton.

[By InJonturo, dated 29 Ahirch, 1G37, 13 Ciiarlos I., and
made between the IJaililfs anil lUirgesses of Salop of the ono
part and Kic.hard I'ool, C!lei-k, M.A.,on tlio other j)art. It was
witnessed that the said HaihlVs and Burgesses did ai»point the
said Ivichard i'ool to bo Minister and Curate of St. Chad

1 [In tho Ii.donturo of 28 Nov., 31 EHzabcth, they arc thus
described : — •" All tlicsc; thuir tilhes of Klu'iivcy, coin, gr.iin, hiiy, iinil
of tlic lioibago of a certain pasture called Monk Kye, in tlio subnrb.s
of the said town of Salop." — I'll).]

- I Hugh J'ldward.s, by deed G Nhircli, l!)r>0, rclea;<o.s and eontinufs
the .sauie til lies t») lioger fiUllier. — lOit.]

CROWMEOLE AND UOOSEHILL. 337

(vacant by the resignation of Peter Studley, Clerk, M.A., late
Minister and Curate there); and did grant unto liim {inter
iiJl(t) all tlio tenths and tithes of corn, grain, hay, or herbage
iirising in one pasture eaUed the Monk Eye, lying in the
suburbs of the town of Salop, for three score years, if the said
Richard Pool should so long live, and should be dwelling
within the said town, and preach within the said Church. A
siiuilar grant was probably made to the succeeding Incumbents
of St. Chad's.

The t'ohowiiig is a furtlier abstract of Mr. Tench's settlement of
the tithes of Crow Meole, referred to above : —

By Indenture, dated 18 December, 1G74, 26 Charles II., and
made between Nathaniel Tench of London, son and heir of
Nicholas Tench, late of the City uf London, merchant, deceased,
of the one part, and Rowland Middleton, Esq., Mayor, Adam
Ottley, Thomas Baldwin, Esqs., Samuel Lloyd, Richard Taylor,
Thomas Cotton, Roger Griffith, William Thine, John Hill,
Edward Gosner, Arthur Ilincks, and Robert Forrester, Alder-
men, Inhabitants of the Town of Shrewsbury, of the other
part. It was witnessed that the said Nathl. Tench did grant,
bargain, .^c, unto the said parties, All those the tithes and
tenths of corn, grain, and hay, and all other tithes and tenths
whatsoever growing u[)on the farm and grange of Crow Meole
in CO. Salop, To hold to them, Upon Trust that an anniversary
sermon in divinity be duly preached yearly in the parish
church of St. Chad on the Gth June (being the birthday of
said Nathl. Ttinch) by the Minister of the said parish for the
time being. And to pay the rents unto such Nlinister half-
yearly: in default of the Minister ])reaching such Sermon, or
of liis not residing in the parish, then the same to go to the
poor of St. Chad's parish.

In a letter addressed to the Mayor and Corj)oration, and
dated 2 Feb., 1074-5, Mr. Nathl. Tench states that he " had
some while since an inclination to dispose of those tithes,
bought by my father Mr. Nicholas Tench deceased, and from
him descended to myself, unto the Church again. I thought
I could not do it more justly than to return them again to
that very Church, to which by the ancient deeds it doth
a|)|)car that they did formerly belong, which is the Clhurch of
St. Chadd in you:' town."

The cst.ite of Crow Meole, otherwise called Monk Meole and Monk
llill, was for some period the pro|)crty of the Mytton family ; and in
November, 1821, the late .h^lm Mytton of llalslon sold it in lots by
jiublie auction. Part of tlic estate waf* conveyed by Mr. Mytton, 25

Vol. III., 2nd S I'l'

338 HISTORY OF SUREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

March, 1825, lo John (»cary, who, ou 25 Murch, 1835, conveyed it to
IJichiinl Ncwconilic. Otlicr jjart Uii.s fuuveyod by Mr. Myttoii, 25
Miiri'h, IHlT), to IJoIkmI NiccoUs, wlio, on 25 March, ly;>7, conveyed
it. also lo Mr. N(.'\vconihc. lintii iiortionH were buhse(|ucntly ^old to
Jiichard (Gardner, on whose ilc;ith tliey devolved on Ilenry (jlardner;
and on 2 October, 18SG, tlie trustees of Ilenry Gardner conveyed the
estate to Mr. William Humphreys of Shrewsbury, the present owner.
The property consists of 33 acres and a house. Mr. Hum])hreys also
owns the l^owbrook estate and cottage, containing 32 acres, and 22
acres of land at Coj)thorne.

OoosehiU, now called ]5ow-Brook, is an old house, with 17 acres of
hmd. Ferny-(Joosehill adjoining also contains 17 acres. It was
formerly Mytton's jiroperty, and afterwards belonged to Miss Jenkins,
Admiral Jenkins, General Jenkins of Cruckton, and now to Mr.
Wingticld of Onslow. It is now reputed in Eicton ])arish, though
formerl}' it belougetl to St. Chad's.

In a Court KoU of 1392 (Curia Magna, IG Itich. II.) Monkemole
occurs as one of the Liberties t^f Shrewsbuiy ; and in the Court Books
1GG8-1G71 Muidaueol and (iooshill are named amongst the Liberties
of the ^Velsh AVarJ. In a (Jourt Loll of 1592-3, under ]\k)nkemeole
and (Jooshill, these names occur: — John Lenyon, David ap John,
lioger Tidder, and Lichard Gittins miln'.

From the following Tnciuisition, dated 14 March, 1428-9, taken
after the death of Lcginahl Mytton of Salop, it ap^iears tliat he died
seised in fee of {iudr alia) the Manor or Grange of Monliemeolo
within the liberties of the town of Saloi),and of two carucates of land
in Monk Ko within the .?aid liberties; that the said Manor or Gran"-e
was worth 20 marcs jier annum, and the said two carucates six marcs;
and that they were held of the King in capite ; and that William
MyttdU was heir, being i-on of Licliard, ulio was son of tlie said
Legin;dd, and was then aged 18 years; and that the said Leginald
died on the 20th Occenibcr, \i'l\ ; and that Hugh Lui'ley of I'rome-
(■ri)fle, rcceivetl the rents and pmlits of the said Manor autl lauds.
'i'he follow iug is the teit of this iiupiisition : — -

IN(,>UISITl()N POST MORTEM REGINALD! MYTTON DE SALOP, 1428-9.

Inquis. 'p. m. 7 llcri. VI., No. OS.

Inquisitio capla apud Wciilok xiiij iliu mcnsis Martij Anno
rogni Ivogis Hcnrici scxti Soptinio coram Iiicardo Laken
Escictove (loniiiii Uegis in com. Salo^)' et tuarcli' Wall' cidem
Com adjaccntibus Virtiite ofHcij ,sui per sacramcntiim (of 12
men) jiiratoviim, qni dicuiit siipoi- sacramenttim suum
quod licginahlns Mytton (]c Salop obiit scisitus in dominico
stio ut do I'eodo do ALuiericj sivo (Jrangca de Monk(jmoolo cum
suis pcrtinenlibiis infra liberlatem villc Salo[»',du dnabus caru-
catis torre cum suis pcrtinenlibiis in Monkc Ko itdra [predictam]

CItOWMF.OLE AND GOOSELIH.L. 339

libertatem, do octo tenemontis infra villain Salop' et do decern
solidatis annuo redditus ibidem, Solvendum ad testa pasche et
sancti Micliaclis Archangeli equis portionibus. Et dicunt
qiiodum predictum maneriuui sivc Grangoa cum suis pertinen-
tiis valet per annum xx marcas, et quod prcdictic due caruca-
tCG terro valent per annum vj marcas et quod prcdicta octo
ten' valent per annum vj//. Solvendum aniuiatim ad festa
supradicta equis portionibus. Et dicunt quod predictum
Manerium sue Grange tcrre et tenementa prcdicta cum suis
pertnientibus tenentur de domino Rcge in capite per quod
servicium ignorant. Et dicunt quod \\^illielmus i\lytton est
consanguineus et hcres proi)inquior prcdicti lleginaldi, videlicet
filius Iticardi filij prcdicti Kcginaldi.et est ctatisxviij annorum
et in custodedomini Regis existens ratione aliarum terrarum et
tenementorum in Com. Salop' Stafford' et Werw' do domino
Ucgc tenentur in capite per servicium militare nuper ]\Iargaretc
matris dicti Willielmi Mytton nuper defuncte Et dicunt quod
prodictus lleginaldus obiit xx die Decembris Anno regni Regis
nunc tcrtio. Et dicunt quod Hugo Rurloy nuper de 13romc-
crofte in Com' predicto redditus cxitus et prolicua [)rcdictorum
Manerij sine Grangee duarum carucatarum terre octo tenemen-
torum ct decem solidatos annul redditus cum omnibus suis
pertinentibus a tempore mortis predict! Reginaldi usque diem
cai)tionis huius Inquistionis reccpit pcrce{)it et liabuit et in
presenti recepit perccpit et habet. In cuius rei testimonium
liuic Inquisition! tam predict! Escietor quam juratores })redicti
sigilhc sua apposuerunt Datum loco die et anno supradictis.

The presentment of men, arms, and furniture, tenq). Elizabeth,
made by the constable and delivered to head(|uarters in the year
1580, contains the following: —

MONKE MEOLE ii GOSIIILL.

Roger Wood, a byll.

John Benyou, a spere, and pole axe.

John Cadwallcdcr, hi.s man.

Thomas Tyther.

Edward Tyther, his sone.

liobt. Bcnyon, armor a jack.

Thomas Jolni, ^

Hugh a|) ivob'tc, >his men.

Wilham Phillips, J

llanie Broke.

Sec 7V((».S(('7/u//s, "Jiul Series, ii., iTI'.

—Ed.]

340 HISTORY OF SIIREWSBUKY LIBERTIES.

EDGEBOLD.

(Juitre IK JN MJCoi.i: <>u ST. ciiao's?

The name in Domesday is EdbakliueslKun. Lii/ is a
Saxon tennina of descent fVom coiig, young, as Godo})liin,
the son of Godoph, &c. Edbaldino' therefore is, I
suppose, the name of the first Saxon settler, and he the
son of Edbald or Etlielbald.

In the time of Edward the Confessor it was holden
by his Queen Edgithe,^ in common with the neigh-
bouring manors of Meole and Pulley ; and at the time
of Domesday it had passed with tliem into the hands
of Ralph de Mortimer. It was rated to the Danegeld
at one hide, but there were two carucates- of arable
land. One of the tenants was a free man, and so, I
suppose, of Saxon descent ; he paid 8s. a year rent for
his land. There was a wood capable of fattening 20
swine.

The tenure of this township on the Hundred IloU of
7 Edward I. is a striking example of that practice of
sub-infeudation, which it was the object of the statute
Quia emptores, in the iSth of that reign to prevent.
" John son of lloger Pride holds the township (villatum)
of Egebaldenham of lloger Sprenchehose by the service
of Id. yearly ; and the said Sprencehose holds it of
Adam ilagur by 12d. yearly, and he of the heir of
George de Cantelow by 8s. yearly, and the said heir of
Koger de Mortimer, and it belongs to the manor of
Meole."^

1 [Eddid ill Domesday, i.e., Edith. The Survey states that in
King Edward's time the Manor was wortli 40.s. ; since tlien it was
waste. The Manor was in the Domesday Hundred of Conodovre.-Ei).]

" I Not carucates, but teams. — \\V).\

3 [Edgebohl, as also Mortimer's part of Pulley, was afterwards
anue.ved to .\leole, and so Cantilupe or De lUacy became its mesne-
lord. An liniuisitiou taken at Aleole Uraee, ly Dec, 1273, on the
death of (ieorgc de Cantilupe, found him to bo seised of a moiet}' of
the Manor of Melesbracy, which he held under lloger de Mortimer;
among his rents is one of Hs. receivable from the Lord of l*]gl)alden-
hani, who did suit at tliu Manor (lourt of Melesbracy. Cf. \\n[. 1
Edw. 1., No. IG; Eyt(ni vi., lill.— Ei).|

EDGEBOLD. 341

In 40 Edward fll., llichard de Canes of Salop,
chaplain, grants to Jolm de Upton oi' Salop, and Bene-
dicta his wife, all the land " which I had of the feoff-
ment of Tho., son of Tho. de Bjkedon of Woodcote,
in vill de Woodcote & Eo-ebaldeham, and in the fields
of Hey wode, with a particula of wood called Wjthene
mar', annexed to Horton wood."

In the 13th Henry VI., John Parys of Salop, was
lord of this manor, for on Nov. 2 in that year, he came
before Thos. F'orster and Wm. Boerley, baihfls of the
liberty of that town, and other j)ersons worthy of
belief, and claimed on John Ilichardes of Crucketon, to
be his neif (nativum) as pertaining to his said manor of
Eo-o-ebald. The proceedinos on tliis claim are extant
in the book entitled A in the exchecpier of Shrewsbury,
The termination of the suit was favourable to the
freedom of Richardes.

The next person I find in possession of this manor is
John Byest, gent., of Atcham, who at his death 30
June, 29 Elizabeth, is found to have been seised of the
" manor or lordship of the vill of Edgebold holden of
the Earl of Arundel" (Co. Es., v. 3,_p. 99). On the
partition of his estates between his four sisters, this
place fell to the share of the eldest, Anne, wife of
Edward CI add of Orleton. At the Inquisition after
her death, 44 Elizabeth, the manor is found to be
holden of the bailiffs and burgesses of the town of
Salo[) in free socage ; and such is also the finding upon
the doatli of her son Edward, 11 Jac, and grandson
Charles C-ludd, 5 Car. On this last occasion it is stated
to b(! holden of the said bailills by fealty alone.

I believe Mr. Cluddc sold it to the Uev. George Scott. -

[Edgcbokl, a township of Moolo Brace, chiefly consists of two farms,
called Upprr Ivlgcbold ami Lower l'>(lgeb<jlil, tiie property of Mrs.
Scott, of Jk'tton. The former has an oM house, pi-Dhahly once inoateil.
From a very early date Kdgebold was in the liibertios of Shrewsbury.
In the Court Rolls of 1385 and i;]'J2 (Curia iMai^'iia, 9 and IG Rich. 11.)
l'lL;>;c;baldtnham or l'',L:;ebalil(iu is named. In the (!ourt DooUs 1GG8-
[(il-i, " Newlon uml Ivl^boid " oecur.s amon^'st the Liberties of tho

342 HISTORY OK SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

Stone Ward. lu a Court Roll of 1672-3, under "Newton and Edg-
bold,'' appear these names, — Joseph Offlej, John Wright, Thomas
Prichard.

Jn a RolU preserved amongst tlie Corporation Muniments, being a
Taxation of Tenths in the Town and Liberties, undated, but probably
temp. Edward II. or III., Edgebold is thus named : —

EGGEBALD

Henv' Tommcs habet in bonis xxx.s. inde x* iij'.
Will's fil' Rog'i habet in bonis ij marcas ct dim. inde x* xh/.
Thomas llc'ni habet in bonis xxiij.v. viij(/, inde X'' xxviij*/.
lle'ns til' lie habet in bonis Ixv.s-. inde x^ vjs. vj(/.
Petr' fir Henr' habet iu bonis di' marc' inde x"^ viijc/.

Sma' xvs.

The presentment of men, arms, and furniture, made in tiic year
1580, for Edgebold, is as follows:—

" Newton and Edgubolu.

George Russell, a by 11.
Edward Rcnyon.
John ap Robart.
William Jeunins.
Thomas ap Edward."

(See Transactions, 2nd Series, ii., 281.)

Edgebold was at the time of the Domesday Survey in the Hundred
of Conodovre. It was since detached from Condover Hundred under
tlie construction put by Roger do Mortimer on the Charter which he
obtained from Henry ill. after the Rattle of Evesham ; and has since
been annexed to the Liberties of Shrewsbury. Queen Edith's estate
near Shrewsbury, consisting of Meole, Edgebold, and a great part of
Pulley, had probably passed from her to William (itz Osborn, Earl of
Hereford; had been forfeited by his son, Marl h'oger ile IJretolio, in
1074 ; and had then been granted by iving William i, to Ralph do
l^lortimcr. It is probable thai, iu Mortimer's hands, J'ldgebold and a
irrcat part of Pulley became so involved in Meole, that all three
Manors ai'O occasionally described as Meole. It was found by hupii-
sitiou, held 13 December, 1273, on the death of George lord Cantilupe,
that the rent of the Lord of Edgebold was 8s. In the Valor of 1534-5,
the receipts of the Abbot of llaughmond from Edgcbaldeuham and
iivo other places amounted to .€2 8s. 8d,2 -Eu.]

' ITlic lioll iilso relates to iroroale ciistr', Coluliuiii, irnuikovilc, P'soia maidniiii
villi'. Salop, Ncwlialil, Nt^wloii, Mcolo Hraci, lloiiiacoto, K;^';,'<'l>alil, .Scliulloii,
I'olyl'V, Siilloii. — Kl>. I

»[(•'/. Kylou vi., 5, ;<G0, 357 ; viii., '287.— El. J

GRINSILL. 343

GTITNSILL.

Ancient Grivelesluil : a small })arisli of about 800
acres, in the Liberties of Shrewsbuiy.

The well-known quarry of excellent freestone in the
hill behind the church has been worked from a very
early period. Willielmus Quarriator, or the quarrier,
occurs in a deed of the 13th century ; and if the name
of the {)lace contains an allusion to the same remark-
able feature of the parish, it must have been used in
the time of our Saxon ancestors. Gravenhul may
denote the dug hill : an appellation sufficiently appro-
priate to an eminence now so much frequented for
materials of an excellent quality for building,^ This
etymology is, however, much too uncertain to rely on :
gravenhul may equally signify the tumulus, or sejjulchral
hill, and in this sense may have some connection with
Gravel hill, near Shrewsbury, where are now no traces
of any hill whatever ; or the derivation may be some-
what entirely different from either of these significa-
tii^ns. Grinsel is the name of a hill in Switzerland, one
of those which bound the valley of llasli. {Stobheijs
Travels^ vol. i., p. lOG).

In the Saxon times four persons of tlie names Leviet,
Godric, Seward, and Algar held Griveleshul. This is
a pleasing picture of the liberty and ecpiality of the
Saxon times. Small as was their [)ro|)erty, for the
whol(5 was only rated at 2 hides to the Danegeld, they
w(;re all ireo, though two of them must have occupied
jointly one of the three manois into which the wliole
was divided. On the Norman conquest this little knot
ol' indop(!ndcnt IVeeholders fell, in common with
numbers of their brethren, to the all-poweifnl gi'asp of
tlie Norman Earl of Shrewsbury, under whom it was
holdcn at the time of the Uome-sday survey by a person

' No slr;il:i at (.'rinsill, liiil ;i snliil Itcil ul' .sluiic. wliicli may lio (Mil
put to uiy bi/.c. (Mrs. IJutlioKl'.

344 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIKS.

named Walclielin.^ Three free men, either tlie descend-
ants of some of the persons mentioned ahove, or it may
he tliemsclves, oeci4)Ied a part of the hinds under the
now grantee, and paid him an annual rent of 7s. ; hut
in the time of the Confessor, the wliole was valued at
32s., thougli in extent no more than 2 carucates :'- a
fact from which we may i)erhaps infer that small suh-
di visions of property are more adecjuate to the payment
of heavy rents than the modern race of land agents will
easily be induced to believe.

The name of Walchelin stands at the head of the
noble families of Ferrars and Maminot. But I have no
reason to believe that the proprietor of Grinshill be-
longed to either of them. His property in Shropshire
was inconsiderable, consisting merely of this manor and
the distant one of Faintre, and as Payn de Faynthro,
by a deed witnessed by two ))riests, Adam, and ilichard
son of Gervase, gave all his land in Griveleshul to
Haghmon Abbey, I conclude that he was a descendant
of this Walchelin. Certain it is that the canons of
Ilaghmon were possessed of property here from an early
period, though there is some diversity in the accounts
of the quarter from which they first got a footing iiere,
for in other records John Fitz Alan (the first of that
name died in 1239) is stated to have given them Gryns-
liull or Greleshull.

To the following grant I can assign no date,^ but it
must 1)0 very early if the William fitz Alan who attests
it was the tirst of that name. Jialph do Orleton con-
iirms to Ilaghmon Abbey his father's grant of half Ji

* [Walchelinc occurs also in DonicsJay as Earl llo/er's tenant at
Faintrce, near IJridgnortli. Faintreo was a .Serjcantry, and its sub-
sequent lords may have been Walclieline's lineal (Kseendants ; but
CJrinsliiU became wliully amuxed lo tin- l-'jeT cil' l-'ilz .\l ui, and was
bestowed l»y I hem partly on tin; Orlrlons, :ind jculiy on the lortls of
Slanloii llinehealii. Cf. Fylon x., 111. -JU)]

- j Not earucaios, but teams. — I'ln. |

■•' jl'lylon a^^si^'uslhe a|>|.ro\imate dale 11 '.)()- 1 -JniJ, to this coulir
niation l)y Kalph (|e Orliton. -l-ln |

GRINSILL. 345

virgate in Grimeneshul. Witnessed by William fitz
Alan, &c. (Cart. R. Hill, Barti.) This grantor's father^
was probably Ralph de Horleton, who by that name
grants to Robert, son of Richard de Franketon, all his
land in Grimeneshul, viz., one virgate and a half to be
holden by the grantee, of him the said Ralph. ^ Wit-
nessed by Vivian de Roshalle, &c. For it appears that
the superiority of this land, thus reserved to Horleton
was by him made over to the prior of Wombridge, who
released to Haglimon all the right of himself and his
convent in three half virgates in Gremeshil, which
Robert de Franketon held of them hereditarily.

The next deed^ which I have seen respecting this
place presents the Abbey of Ilaghmon as possessing the
lordship here. In the time of Gilbert, Abbot of llagh-
mon (I suppose that Gilbert who sate from 1241 to
1253), Matthew, son of Richard de Hull of Clyve,
brought an assize against that abbot, and brother
Richard de Dounton, brother Stephen de Overton,
brother Philip le Graunte, Richard, son of Stephen de
Grileshil, AVilliam, son of Henry of the same, and three
other persons, for disseising him of his common of
pasture in Clive : the abbot and certain of the others
plead that the said common is in Grileshull and not in
Clyve, and so it is found by the jury. Wherefore it is
considered that the defendants be sine die, and that

^ [Blakjway is in error here. Ralph's father was Adam de Orletou,
who, before the year 1172, granted half a virgate in (Jrin-shill to
Haghmond Abbey. The same Adam about 1175 attests two Charters
of the second William fitz-Alan, whose vassal he probably was at
Grinshill. Cf. Eyton x., 141.— Ed.]

2 [This deed, which is dated about 1220-5, shows that the residue
of the Orletou estate in Griushill was l\ virgates. l^y it, 6 marks
was paid to the grantor, and a rent of 3s. reserved. Tiiis rent of 3s.
Ralph de Oileton seems afterwards to have given to Wombridge
Priory, so that Kobcit de ]<'rankton became tlie Prior's tenant. C'/.
Ilaghmon Chartulary; Eyton x., 142. — Eu.l

^ [l']yton says that the date of this Assize Roll is between 1281 and
1301. it is rubricated in the Ilaghmon Chartulary as relating to
Sansaw Heath. C/\ Evton x , IGl. — En.]

Vol. 111., 2nd S. " Q(^

34 6 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

Matthew take nothing by his assize, but be in mercy
pro (also chunore (0. A. II.)

It has been observed above that tlie Quarry at
Griusill has been worked for many centuries. John
son of Kichard son of Edric of Grileshull grants to
Ha^ anon Abl>ey a certain hmd in the briiery of Acton,
inter veterem fossatani et ductuni de llerdewike, and
certain other kind in Grileshull, which William Quar-
riator sometime held. This deed is witnesKsed by Sir
Eoboit de Grendona, then sheriil, who served that office
from 1251 to 1250, Sir Thomas de llossale, Sir Thomas
de Lee, Wm. Banastre, llobt. Slinge, &c.,and contains
the names of several other places in that neighbourhood,
as Duddenaer forlonge, Pilote forlonge, Iving crofte
foilonge, the field towards le Olive sub magno monte,
an acre in transverso Clinanney, Wibaldewike, Balde-
wike pole.

In the catalogue of knight's fees in the hundred of
Pimhill in 28 Edward I., the Abbot of Haughmond is
stated to hold Grinshill in free alms of John fitz Alan,

From the following deed it would appear that the
family of Burnell had some claim here,^ for in the
Ihighmon Ch.'.rtulary is a memorandum of a partition
made between the Abbot of Ilaghnion and Edward
Burnell of three wastes in Grileshull, called Ivowne-

1 [The Buniells held half a hide, or one quarter of the Manor. In
the 13tii century it was held b)' the Stantons under Fitz Alan; and
by tlie Actouii of Acton-Reynold under the Stantons. This estate was
usually coupled with that of Acton-Reynold, and was held in precisely
the same way. In 1292 Reyner de Acton granted to Philii) Rurnell,
a tourth part of the Manor of Crineleshull, after the death of Reyner.
Tliis occurred before 1308, when Edward Burnell, son of Philip, was
iu full seizin of this fourth part. A parcel of waste land in (j!iin.>sill
■was divisible, and on 15 Feb., 1308, was dividctl between the Alibot
of lla-huion and Edward Burnell; the Abbot tlnve-fourths, and
Edward Burnell one-fourth of the waste. Tlie Curnell estates in
(Jriushill eventually went with I'etrouilia, sister uf Philip Buinell, to
Willitmi de Ercalewe ; and their son, ^Villlalli de Ercaleue, is named
in the Nuniind VUlaruin, 13 IG, as Lord uf the vill of Acton Reyner
and (irinehull. Cf. lOytou x., G2-G5, 113 1. See also under Acto.n
RiiYNOi-U iu 'fr(UtS((cti(iiis, 2ud Seiies, vol. i., 312 5. -Ed.)

GRINSILL. 347

hethe, Smaiehetli and Brandheth ; three parts out of
four belonged to the abbot. Sh' Richard de Harlegh
attended as seneschall of Burnell ; the wastes were
measured by tlie perch of ,?'> feet. Mention is made of
the gate between the field of Grileshull and tlie field of
Sonsawe, called Lampoorsyate. This partition was
made on the morrow of St. Valentine, in the first year
of Kin<jf Edward, which must mean Kinij Edward II.,
as it is stated to have taken place in the presence of
lUchard, Abbot of llaghmon, and as Edward Burnell
was not born till about the 15th of Edward I., and died
in the 9th of Edward II. But I believe this claim of
Burnell merely arose from his possession of the neigh-
bouring manor of Acton Beynold, and that his preten-
sions to common in Grinsill were only pour cause de
vicinao'e.

The abbey continued undisputed lords, and in 13
Edward 11. had a grant of free warren in their Manor
of GreneleshuU, as tliere written. The following;
extracts from their Chartulary respect roads and
boundaries : an Inquest was made at the court of
ilerdewike 15 Edward III., concerning the road reach-
ing from the wood of Brochurst by that of Shirwode,
to the wood of Acton Beyn', in order to ascertain
whether it be connnon for all passengers either with
waggons or laden horses. The jurors (Richard Gery of
Acton, Wm. AVigge of Grileshulle, Jn. Tece, Wm.
Swifte of iradonliallc, and five others), say tiiat tliey
have always seen the same commonly used ; but they
say that the bailiffs of the lords of Acton and Griles-
hul caused all persons carrjdng wood, stones, or salt, to
be attacked, who made fine to those bailiffs for tlieir
passage, so that it appears tliat it is not a common
highway. This is entitled, Nota viam infra Grileshull
" Limites quedam ville de Grileshull : In primis unus
limes iiicipit ad Milnepole de Ilerdewike in Austro, et
se extendit {)er ductum aque usque ad viam qu;:e ducit
ad Grileshull, et do ilia via uscpie ad [)ortam do Smale-
heth, et de illo loco usque ad leker, et de illo loco usque

348 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

ad Geristy et ad Hawiscoos et usque ad Pinchebroke,
et de illo loco us([ue ad le heitliende et usque ad Bircbe-
bill et sic ad })ortam de Okeley et sic ad locum primum
ubi incepit." Tliis is taken from a roll of court beld at
Herdewike 15 Edward III. (C. A. H.)

Pincbbrook is now (at least was wlien Gougb wrote
bis lllstonj of Middle) called Peinsbrook ; and in an
old deed 1 tind it written " rivalis qui dicitur Paynes-
broc," wbence it may seem to be derived from tbe name
of Payn de Faintre, wliom we bave seen as an early,
perluqjy tbe first, grantor of bis property to tbe abbey.

I find mention of a rivulet of similar name in tbe
Cbartulary of Salop Abbey. Eeyner son of Godwin
grants to Salop Abbey a part of an acre lying between
VVm. Kox's land and tbe land of tbe said abbey, and
reacbing from a mete made by our joint assent usque
in rivulum qui vocatur Pintesbroc, in excbange for an
orcbyard (ortum) lying between tbe wall of tbe city
(civitatis) of Salop and tbe orcbyard formerly belonging
to Agnes wife of Poger son of William. His Testibus:
Ricbardo Scbitte et Luca prepositis Salop (No. 176).
Tbere is nothing in tbis description to enable us to
ascertain tbe situation of tbe rivulet. Pinse is tbe
Sbropsbire name for a minnow.

In tbe Nomina Villarum, Wm. de Cocelewe, perhaps
Ercalewe, beld Acton Peyner and Grenesbull.

In tbe Pipe Rolls of 8 Edward I. , Margareta soror et
una de beredibus Joliannis de Moreton et Picardus de
Grimcsbull qui babet in uxorem Agnetam sororem et
heredem ejusdem Margarete G marcas 8s. 2d. de relevio
suo, sicut continetur in rotulo 53.

In 28 Edward III. (1354), Isabel, daughter ofPichard
de Hoston granted to Sybil daughter of Atkyn de
Pychfort one messuage lying between tbe tenements of
llawys de Eenymer luid Sir John llorri, and half a
virgate of land in tbe town and field of GrilsuU ; and
in 12 Henry IV. (1411), Sibill (i)robably tbe grantee
in the last deeil) then widow of William Adams of
Hoston, granted tbe premises to her son John Adams,

GRINSILL. 349

who two years afterwards, 1413, conveyed the same to
Robt. Lee of Uffington, Wilham Ellesmere, chaplam,
and Wilham Child, chaplain. These two last persons
in 1 Henry VI. (1422), alienate the property to Richard
Colfoxe,^ parson of Ilanmere, and Wm. Sumpnour,
chaplain. In 7 Henry VI. (1428), John Adaraes of
Heston, releases his right therein to Somnor (as the
name is there written), and he in the same year granted
the projjcrty to Haghmon Abbey [E. cart. Ric. Hill
barti), in whom, I presume, it continued to the Disso-
lution.

On the Dissolution, I find land at Greenshill holden
by John Leveson in 37 Henry VIII.

By licence dated 31 Dec, 8 Elizabeth, 1565^ John
and Thomas Leveson alienate land in Grinshill^ and
the Manor of tiardwick and messuages and lands there,
to Richard Langley and Thos. Downton, which was,
however, I believe only for the creation of some trust
or family settlement. From the time of the Dissolu-
tion, and indeed for a long time before, I have seen no
mention of a manor of Grinsill ; the abbey, as appears,
kept their court at Hardwick, which thence, I suppose,
came to assume the name of a manor, which it had
attained by the 13 Edward II., when the religious had
a grant of free warren in their manor of Herdewyke,
and that manor, I understand, covers the whole parish
of Grinsill. In 1637, Sir Andrew Corbet, Knt., held
the Manor of Acton Ueyiicr and the Manor of Grinshill.

(JREENS-IIILL.

{From Ilarleian MSS., 6826.)

The whole tithes of this place are impropriated to
the patron, Richard Clayton, Esq., who allows his
curate £6 per annum. About the year 1699, Mr. Jones,
late alderman of London, left a considerable sum of
money for the augmentation of poor benefices, of which

1 [Cf. ante, p. 196.— Ed.]

350 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

this church had £200, with which lands to the vahie of
■£10 per aim. were bought and settled upon the minister.

Ptichard, Bishop of Coventry, by the same deed
whereby he gives Lebotwood to the canons of Haugh-
mon, appropriates to that monastery by the express
consent of his chapter, and " actually delivers to the
abbot and canons the church of Sagesbury with all its
chapels, viz., of Acton, Grineshill, Morton, and Widi-
forde with all their appurtenances to be possessed for
ever. ' '

Schetton : pro communa pastura est cum Grileshull.

(C. A. B.)

GRINSILL.
I.— One.i
II.— No.
III. — Freeholders : Principal Inhabitants, Mr. John Kilvort,
Mr. John Wood, Mr. William j\ierrington, Miss Davies and
Mrs. Embrey. Inhabitants not freehoklers, Mr. Evan Jones,
Mr. John Lead, WiUiam Brookes, Thos. Owen, Wilham Downes.
IV.— No.
v.— No.
VI.— No.

VII. — One Manor covers the whole Parish (viz.) the Manor
of Hardwick.

VIII.— Sir Richard Hill, Bart.
IX.— About 800 acres.

HARDWICK.

The name of Hardwick denotes, I presume, its
adaptation to pasturage — the wick, or residence of the
herds.

From Dugdale's Monasticon, vol. ii., p. 528, it appears
to have been part of the possessions of the hospital of
St. John of Jerusalem, in 1185, if indeed this be the
place intended. On the Dissolution we have seen it
vested in the family of Leveson. In 17 Elizabeth,
Waiter Leveson, Esq., [)urchased the Manor of Hai'd-
wich, otherwise Hardwick, otherwise llardowick, other-

1 [For the Questious, to which these lae Answers, bee under
ALDUiaiiTON, 2nd Scries, Vol. I., pp. 101-2. — Ei'.]

GRINSILL. 351

wise Ilorclwick, of John Leveson, Thomas, son and heir
apparent of the said John, liobert Stauneford, Esq.,
John Brook, and others, by fine levied in Easter term
of that year ; and in 22 Ehzabeth Kvery of the manor
was made to him.

The 22nd year of Queen Ehzabeth is 1579-80, yet,
according- to a MS. of Bowen's, who quotes original
deeds, llichard Tyler had the Manor of llardwick two
years before. He had tln-ee daughters, Dorothy, Alice,
and l<]Hzal)eth, tlie iirst of wliom married in 157G Wm.
Whitcombe, brotlier of 'J'hos. Whit combo of Berwick
Mavesyu. She had to lior purparty llardwick house
and lands ; and in the settlement made upon her by
her father, it is styled the farm or grange of Hardwicke,
with its appurtenances in Hardwicke, Grinsill, Hadnall,
and lleston, or elsewhere. Her grandson, William
Whitcombe, Esq., is styled of this place in 1G63.

[The Manor of Hardwicke, which includes Grinshill, subsequently
became vested in the Hill family. In 1781, when Grinshill was
enclosed, Uichard Hill, Eyq., was Lord of the Manor of Hardwicke.
H has since jjasscd by purchase to the Corbet family, Sir Walter
Orlando Corbet, Bart., of Acton lleynold, being the present Lord of
the manor. Tiie acreage of the parish of Grinshill is S27a. 3r. Ip.
The Act for enclosing (ilrinshill, Sansaw, and (Jlivo was passed in
1781; and the Inclosuro Award is dated 1 Jidy, 178;{. Tlio chief
landowu'.'i-s are J. J. Bibb}', Ivscp, of ilardwicku (Jrange, Sir \V. ().
('orbet, Bart., J. M. Jvilvert, Es(|., and the Wood family.]

THE CHURCH.

[Grinshill Cluipel was originally a mere dependency of the Church
of Shawbury,^ but at the same time an ancient foundation. The
Chapel and a Cemetery were founded in the reigns of King Stejdien
or Henry 11., by (lie Lord of the fee. Bisliop I'eche's fuurtli Charter-
indicates Grinshill as subject to Shawbnry, and shows that that
prelate granted an approjniation of the mother Church and its
dependenrii's to llaiighmoud .Vbbry. The Charter runs thus: —

" Kicardiis, Dei gratia Coveiit icusis I'ljiiscopus tkc, Noverit univer-
sitas vcstra nos do e.xpresso assensu Capituli nustri appropriasse

1 [Of. l\>t()ii viii., 146. Tin; other CIiiiiu Is wliiili wcic ilt iien Ji'iicica nt
Sliiwliiiry were Ai'tiui licyiiold, Moiiit )ii t^J|■l)t!t, iiml (ircil Willi) lord, — Kd.)

- I l')i.sli<)|) IVlio w.is l{i.sliu|) of Covt-'iitry aiiJ iiitiilicld I'loiii lllji to llSi!.
'I'liis ClMitii- was |irii'iiil»ly iiiudi' in tlic List ton yciir.s of liis t-|iiM;(>|):iU'. I'.ii.J

352 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

Monasterio de Haghnion, et actualiter tradidisse Abbati et Monachis
ejusdeni, occlcsiam de Sagesbury cum omnibus capellis suis, scilicet
de Acton, GriueshuU, Morton, Wideford, cum omnibus pertinentiis
suis in perpetuum."

This appropriation to Haughmond Abbey was ratified by Bishop
Hugh de Novant, 24 November, 1190.

The present Church, dedicated to All Saints, consists of a Nave
and bell turret containing one bell. The former Church was entirely
taken down in 1839-40, with tlio exception of a portion of the west
wall, and a now Church erected on the site. On the south side it
was built on the old foundations.

In the Church are four Monumental Tablets, three on the north
wall, and one on the south. Of these, three are to members of the
Wood family, and one to the Embrey family. Tlie tablet on the
south wall commemorates the Ilev. John Wood, 15 years Incumbent,
and Patron, who died 18 May, 1864, aged G3; and Elizabeth his
wife, who died 21 February, 1879.

In the Churchyard, on the south side of the Church, is the shaft
and base of a cross. There are many tombstones to the memory of
the families of Wood, Kilvert, Embrey, &c.

The Vicarage house was erected in 1878.

The patron of the Vicarage is the Rev. John Ravenshaw Wood.

The Comnnmion Plate consists of a silver cup, paten, and flao-on,
the inscriptions on which are as follows : —

Faten : " The gift of M'" Margaret Eyton to Grinshill Church 1689
Daughter of Thomas Eyton of Knowlton in Flintshire, Gent. Shee
then liveing with ihe Lady Corbett at Acton Reynold." Arms ;
Ermine a lion rampant.

Cup: "The Gift of Mrs. Judeth Corbet 1776,"

Flagon: "A Gift to Grinshill Church 1880.''

There is also a pewter flagon, given by Fran. Price in 1704. A
Paten, given at the same tiuie, is lost.]

INCUMBENTS OF GRINSHILL.

(From MS. Top. Salop, C. 9.
(nilNSILL.
William Sugar, ob. 1G75.
Jaincs Atchcrlcv, 1800.
.lolin Pitch ford,' M. A.
[The furogoing list is very incomplete; the following, chiefly

compiled from the Registers, is more accurate.
William Sugar, curate of Grinshill and Clivc, minister of

IJroughton ; married at IJnnigliton 10 Oct., IG28,

Ahuy Otiey ; bur. at Hroughtou 17 Nov., 1075.
Samuel Jdiu's, curale UiSl.
William Jaims, minister 1095. His son Thomas was bapt. at

(h-insliill, ;n .May, 1G!)5.

GRINSILL. 353

Samuel Betton ; son of Edward Betton of Shrewsbury, born
there 1G92 ; matric. at Wadham College, Oxford, 29
?kh-irch, 1709, then aqcd 17 ; incumbent of A.stley
1728, and the Clivc ]'729; died 22 Oct., 17G1.

James Atcherloy, 17G1 to ISOi; M.A. Magd. Coll., Cambridge;
Third Master of Shruwsbury .School 1755, Second
Master 17G3, and Head Master 1770 to 1798, when
he resigned on a pension of £100 a }'ear from the
School ; Incumbent of Astley, 17G2 ; Vicar of Lydbury
North, Salop; died at Bridgnorth, 3 ]\larch, 1804,
bur. Gtli. See "History of Shrewsbury School,'' p. 130.
The patron of Grinshill in 17G1 was Watkin Wynne,
Esq. The Rev. James Atchcrley and Miss Eleanor
Griiliths were mar. at St. Chad's, 15 Dec, 176G ; and
live of their children, Roger, Eleanor, Jolm, Arabella,
and Dorothy, were ba})t.at St. Mary's from 17G8 tol775.

John Pitchford, 13 April, 180-i, to 1814; M.A. Ch. Ch., Oxford,
son of Rev. Richard Pitchford ; born at Upton Magna
1774; mar. at Grinshill, 14 June, 1804, IMargaret
Embrey, (see 2nd Series, 11., 358); vicar of Colwich
1807 to 1828 ; died 1828. The patron of Grinshill
in 1804 was John Wood, Escp, of Harcourt Park.

Francis Salt, 1814 to 1841; ^I.A. Ch. Ch., Oxford; son of
Rev. Francis Salt ; born at Bridgnorth, 1795 ; also
Incumbent of Broughton, and Head Master of Wem
Grammar School; died 14 April, 1841. During his
incumbency Grinshill Church was re-built. The
patron of Grinshill in 1814 was John Wood, Esq.

Sebastian James Garabier, 1841 to 1849; also Incumbent of
Lee ]]rockhurst ; and afterwards Vicar of Sandgate.

John Wood, 1849 to 18o4 ; also patron of Grinshill ; M.A. Ch.
Ch., Oxford ; son of Mr. John Wood ; born at Grins-
liill, 1801; vicar of Dawley to 1849; died IS May,
18G4. aged G3, and bur. 21st at Grinshill, M.I.

Daniel Rowland Williams, 18G4 to 1SG8 ; M.A. Corpus Christi
College, Cambridge ; rector of Bowers-Gifford, Essex,
since 1872.

Christian Mortimer, 1868 to 1872; M.A. Clare Coll., Cambridge;
rector of Pitchford 18S0 to 1890 ; Diocesan Inspector
of Schools 187G to 1890 ; Canon of Lichfield 1890.

John Cooper Wood, 1872-3; M.A. and late Scholar of St.
John's Coll., Cambridge; formerly Head Master of
Hales Owen Grammar School ; rector of St. Kenelm-
in-Roiush;y, 18G7 to 1872; Incumbent of the Clivc
since 1873.
Vol. [11., 2ik1 S. im

354 HISTORY OF siiinowsiujiiv libicuties.

Edward Watson Ellis, 1S73-4 ; vicar of Foxton, Leic, 1874 ;
formerly rector of Cranmorc ; author of " History of
the Church of England."

John Wright, 1874; M.A. St. John's Coll.. Cambridge; for-
merly curate of Wem, 18G5 to 1874; also Vicar of
liroughton since 1S7G. The present Incumbent.
The following also sign the Registers as Curates of Grinshill; —

Richard Parsons, 1806-7.

Robert Smyth, Curate, 1811.

John Steward, Curate, 1833-1841.

William Hombersley, Curate, 1848. (^)u. since rector of
Kirk-Ireton.

Frederic William Griffiths, Curate, 1857-9; now vicar of
Coalpit Heath, Bristol.

T. A. Pope, Curate, 1805.

E. Williams, Curate. 1SG5.

For much of the foregohig iufunnatioii 1 am indebted to the Rev.
John Wright, M.A.— Eu.J

TARISII REGISTERS.

The Parish Registers of Criiisliill commence in 1592. The earliest
Register is a co[iy of the uiigiual Register, made in 1718, and has
this lieading : —

"A Co])y of the Register Cook of Greenshill Transcribed
out of the Originall from the year 1592 to this present year
1718."

1592. il'eb. 13, Jane, dau. of Richard Maddox and Jane his

wife, bapt.

1593. March 20, Mary Buckley, widd., bur.

1595. Dec. 11, J(jhn Rogers and Eleanor Key, widdow, mar.

1597. Ap. 20, William Kilvert and Ahirgaret" Pate mar.

1598. Mar. 10, Frances, dau. of William Kilvert, bai)t.
IGOO. June 9, Humphry Embrey, bur.

IGOl. Ap. 5, Joan, dau. of William Kilvert and Margaret, bapt.
1G02. Mar. 23, John, son of Robert Embrey and Joan, bapt.
1G03. Aug. 14, Robert, son of William Kilvortand Rfartjfarett,

baj)t.
160G. Mar. 7, John, son of William Kilvert and Margaret, bapt.
1G09. Mar. 10, Thomas Embrey bur. at St. Julian's, Salop.
IGIO. Ap.lO.Anne.dau.of William Kilvert and Margarutt.bapt.
llilO. A[). 1 1, William Wycherloy, senior, of the Clive, was bur.
1GI2. Jan. 10, William, sou of Uiclianl Embrey and Joan, bapt.
1G15. Nov. 20, Humphry, son of William Kilvert and

Margaret, bapt.

GRINSILL, 355

IGIO. Juno 3, Thomas Scriven, sen., and Margarott Corbett,

widow, mar.
IGIS. July 21, Elizabeth Wychley of the Clive was bur.
1018. A[ar. 0, Mary Whycliorly was bur.
KJIO. Oct. 10, William Russell and ifrances Kilvcrt were mar.
1(120. Oct. G, Jane wile of Robert Embrcy was bur.
1G22. A[). 17, John Atcherley was bur.
1G2G. Sept. 8, Elizabeth Euibcry, widd., was bur.
1G27. Aug, 1, jMargarett wife of William Kilvcrt was bur.
1G27. Oct. 14, Reter iluffa, son of John and J\lary, bur.
1G27. Dec. 22, Roger Whycherley of the Clive was bur.
] G30. fob. 10, Joan, dau. of William Kilvert, was bur.
IGoO. ffeb. 25, Richard llussey and Alargaret Enibroy, mar.
lG3o. Aug. 25, Anne, dau. of Rd. Jlussey and Margaret, bapt.
1G44. Uay 2G, William Kilveit was buried.
1G4G. Nov. o, Robert Embery was bur.

1G53. Nov. 0, John, son of John Embrey and Elizabeth, bapt.
1G59. Nov. 12, Thomas, son of John Embrey and Elizabeth,

bapt.
IGGO. Dec. 12, William, son of John Embrcy and Elizabeth,

bapt.
1G63. Aug. 27, Robert, son of John Embrey and Ehzabeth,

bapt.
1GG5. Oct. 19, Frances, dau. of John Kilvcrt and Frances,bapt.
1GG8. A[>. 21, John, son of John Kilvert and Frances, bapt.
1G71. Ap. 27, Sarah, wife of Thomas Embery, bur.
1G74. Sept. 17, John Kilvert was bur.
1G7G. Jan. 15, William, son of John and Elizabeth Embrey,

was bur.
1G79. A[). 25, Robert Kilvert was buried.
1GS8. Aug. (), Jolin, son of John and Miirtha Embrey, bapt.
1G94. M;iy oO, WilHam,son of John and Martlia I'^mbrey, bapt.
1G95. May 31, 'I'liomas, son of William Janus (minister), und

Jane, ba[)t.
1G97. Mar. 10, Frances, dau. of John and .Margarett Kilvcrt,

b;ipt.
1G97. ]\lar. 30, \Vm. Curcton (free mason), was bur,
1700. July 28, John and Abigaill, son and dau. of John and

Margarett Kilvert, bapt.
1702. May 5, Robert JMnbery and Aime IVak mar.
1715. J:ui. 27, llViUices Kilvcrt, widow, was bin-.

1718. iMay 24, Mr. Edwaid llannur and Mi'S. firanccs

Kilvert, mar.

1719. Oct. 18, Williaui, son of John and Mary Euibrcy, bapt.
172G. Mar. 14, William Embrey bur.

356 HISTORY OF SIIREWSBUKY LIBEKTIKS.

1727. July 21, John Kilvcvt bur.

1727. Jan. 17, John Embroy, scnr., bur.

1729. i\[ay 4, Jolin. son of John and l^lizabcth Kilvort, bapt.

1729. iMar. 29, Mrs, Francos Embery, widow, bur.

1733. Feb. 9, Henry Minor and Mary Highway mar.

1737. Mar. 5, Roger, son of John and Elizabeth Kilvert, bapt.

1742. Ap. 28, John Kilvort bur.

1742. June 27, Margarett, dau. of Scarlett and Margarett
Lloyd, bapt.

1749. Nov. 29, Mrs. iMargaret Kilvert, widow, bur.

1752. Mar. 4, Robert Fanbrey of Wellington, and Margaret
Kilvert of this ]3arish, mar.

1755. July 25, Mr. Robert Embrcy, son of John and Mary, bur.

1755. Aug. 3, Robert, son of Robert and Margaret Embrcy,
bapt. (born 1st).

1762. Jan. 23, Ftichard Wood of Lee Brockhurst, and Eliza-
beth Kilvert, mar.

1764. July 24, John, son of Joim and Ann Kilvert, bapt.

17G(). Oct. 14, Geori^^e Wycherley and Elizabeth Davics mar.

1707. May 17, WilHam, son of George and Elizabeth
Wycherley, bapt.

17G7. Oct. 29, Mr. John Embrey bur.

17(57. Jan. 2;), John Wood of Hodnet, and Mary P]mbrey, mar.

1 7 OS. Dec. 28, Elizabeth, dau. of George and Elizabeth
Wycherley, bapt.

1770. Ap. IG. William Kilvert bur.

1772. Oct. 3, Thomas Kilvert bur.

1779. Dec. 5, Ann, dau. of George and Elizabeth Wycherley,

bapt.

1780. Jan. 9, John, son ot John and Ann Wood, bapt.

1780. ALiy 7, Margaret, dau. of Robert and Ann Embrey, bapt.

1782. Feb. 17, Adain,son of George and Elizabeth Wycherley,
bapt.

1784. Juno 20, Hannah, dau. of George and Elizabeth
Wycherley, bapt.

1786. Sept 10, Mary, dau. of George and Elizabeth Wycher-
ley bapt.

1789. Jan. 4, JelFery, son of George and Elizabeth Wycherley,

bapt.

1790. Ap. 2(;, William Kilvert (from Wem) bur.
1792. Mm: 1G, George Wycherley bur.

1792. Aug. 18, John Kilvert luul Catherimi (Jl;irk(; mar.

1793. Jan. 2, John, son of John and Catherine Kilvert, bapt.
1795. -May 3, Andrew Corbett. son of John and Catherine

Kilvert, bapt.

GRINSILL. 357

17DG. Ap. 3, Kichard, son oi Jolin uiul Catherine Kilvert, bapt.
1804-. June 14, Rev. John Pitchford of Upton Magna, and

Margaret Embre}^ mar.
1807. May 12, WiUiam Embrey, son of John Wood, gent.,

and Margaret, bapt.

1809. Oct. 30, Ann Embrey, widow of Robert Embrey, gent.,

bur.

1810. Feb. 11, Samuel Ravenshaw,son of John and Margaret

Wood, bapt, (born Feb. 7).
ISll. Sept. 5, WiUiam Kilvert of Shrewsbury, bur.
1816. Oct. 17, Uooert Henry, son of John and Margciret

Wood, gent, and patron, bapt.

These names occur in the earlier Kegistcrs : — Kilvert, Embrey,
Pate, Maddox, Hamlet, Ncwnes, Felton, Edge, Webb, Cureton,
Heuscn, Palmer, AVood, Allen, Key, Woodall, Pain, Oar, Oare, Late-
wood, Cope, Jennings, Hayward, Ward, Hoult, Holt, Savage, Juckes,
Onslow, Piggott, Minor, Minshall, Walford, I'C.

The Registers are as follows :— Vol. ]., a copy made in 1718,
extending from 1592 to 1718. Vol. II., 1719-1812. Vol. III.,
Marriages, 1757-1811. Vol. IV., Baptisms, 1813— .Vol. V., Burials,
1813— .Vol. VI., Marriages, 1815-1837. Vol. VII., Marriages, 1837— .
Amongst the Marriage Licenses preserved at LichHeld are these : —
1697. Thomas Embrey and Frances Kilvert. To marry at Giinshill.
1G96. Peter HufTa and Frances Wycherley. To marry at Wem.
1G97. William Tyler and Elizabeth Embrey. To marry ot Wem or

Grinshill.
1687. Ptoger llaughton and Margaret Wycherley. To marry at

Shaw bury.
1G87. Jevon Hatchet and Ann Wicherley. To marry at St. Julian's,

Salop.

[The Ile[)ort of the Charity Commissioners for Salop, 1815-1839,
Vol. xxvii., p. 447, mentions the following benefactions to the parish
of Grinshill : —

Major Uichard Corbet, by Will, £20 ; and his sister, Mrs. Judith
Corbet, by Will, £20 ; Eleanor Allen and Tiiomas her son, ■fi20 ;
William Key, £50 ; Thomas Ebrey, £10; Bev. Mr. Price, £10;
John Kilvert, £5 ; and persons unknown, £9.

These moneys were laid out in the ]nirchase of a house, barn, itc,
anil eight iields containing 10a. 2r. 20i)., at Cotton, in the manor of
Wem, for the use of the minister and poor fur ever.

On 21 Nov., 1757, John Embrey, tiie then chiu'ch warden, leased
the premises for a term of 100 years to Tiiomas Millington, at the
yearly rent of £t 18s, with a covenant on the part of the lessco to
build a messuage and barn. This lease was subsecpiently purchased

358 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

by John Hill of Cotton. The rents were paid to the ministci-, the
schoolma!>tcr, and the poor.

Sir Andrew Corbet, in September, 1830, -ave £15 I5.s. to the poor
of Crnishill.

Amongst the estates of the Shrewsbury Free School, was a School-
house at Crinshill, built for the scholars to retire to in case of infec-
tious disorders. By the Free Scliool Ordinances of 1577 it was
provided that " a house shall be provided within the county for the
masters and scholars to resort to in time of plague." {Illstoru of
S/uru'sbur// SchonI , pp. -IG, 89, 98). A site couTainin- about two
acres was purchased from William Killvert and Robert Kmcric in
10 17, during the headmastership of John Mcighen, and a Schoolhouse
was soon erected. In 1635 Mr. Meighen resigned his otlice, and
received an annuity of £20 and the use of the Schoolhouse at
Gnnshill during his life. When the plague broke out in Shrewsbury
111 1G19, the School was removed to Grinshill. (Cough's IlUturii of
Myddle). '^ '

Mv. Blakeway says, " Colet, Dean of St. Paulas, gave his house at
Stepney for the abode of the master of St. Paul's School in the time
of any pestilential .sickness. Is not something of this kind in the
life of Sir Thomas Pope ? "

Amongst the Corporation muniments is a bundle of deeds relatino'
to the School at Crinshill: the following is an abstract of these deeds:—
Indenture dated 20 September, H James I. (1017), betwe"n
AVilliam Kylvart, alias Kylford, of Grynshill, yeoman, and Robert
Eiaerie of Grynsiiill, yeoman, of the one part, and Thomas Jones and
Roger Blakewey, baylifTes of the townc of Shrew.-sbury, and John
Meighcn, cheife scholemaster of the free gramer schoole in the sayd
townc of Shrewsbury of the olher jjart ; In consideration of £25, the
.said Willi.im Kylvart and JColjcrt Fnieric did gr.-uit bargain and sell
unto the said Thomas Jones, Roger Blakewey, and John Meighen, All
tiiat Close or parcel of land situate lying and being in Cryn.shill
aforesaid, containing about two acres, in the tenure of said William
Kylvarte, called the wooCes way alias Kylvartes woodos way, To hold
to the said Thomas Jones, Roger Blakewuy and John Meighen from
St. Luke's day next ensuing for the ter.-n of 2000 years, at the yearly
rent of one peiipercorn. Executed l)y William Killvert.

Indenture dated 3 October, It James 1. (1617), between the said
William Kylvart alias Kylford and Robert Emery of tlie one part
and Andrewe Studley second scholemaster of the free gramer schoole
in tlic towne of Shrewsburie of the other pai't ; the said William
Kylvart and Itobert Emeiie did give grant enfeotl" and conllrm unto
the said Andrew Studley and his heir.s. All that the said Close or
jiarcel of land, to hold unto and to the ii.se of the said Andrew Studley
his licirs and assigns. Executed by William Killvert and Robert
EiiKfiy.

D.v.l I'ull .latrd 22 Aii;;ii.st, II Chiirlcs i. (lii:',',), under (he hj.nds
and sr;il.s of the s:iid Tli.-mas .Icmes and .Icihii .Meighen, iu'.citin-' tiio

<;iiiNsi[.L. 3r)9

before mentioned deed of 20 September, li James I., And tliat since
there had been a new schoolehou^re and lodgings erected upon the
said premises or some part thereof out of tlie stocke of the free
grammar sehoole of Shrewsbury fur tlio masters and schollors of tlio
said schoule to resui't unto at sucii times as the said town of Slirews-
bury ahould be visited with any plague or other infectious disease ;
Tiie said Tliomas Jones and John Meighen being the surviving lessees
did give grant assign and set over, All the said new schoolchouse,
lodgings, messuage and premises and term of years, to John Prowde,
John NVightwicke, Adam AVebbe, Richard Berrington, John Lloyd,
and John Kidgeway. durin-g the residue of the said term of 2000
years. Executed by Tho. Jouos and John Meighen. [Seals heraldic
alHxed.]

Deed Poll dated IS June, 1G3G, under the hands and seals of the
said John Prowde, John Wightwicke, Adam Webbe, Richard Bering-
ton, John Lloyde, and John Ridgwey ; being power of attorney to
Rowland Tenche of Shrewsbury, yeoman, in their names and stead to
enter upon All that uewe erecteil Stonehowse commonly called the
contrey Sehoolehouse and all that yorde pasture or parcell of ground
to the said newc erected Sehoolehouse belonging situate in Gryncell
within the liberties of the town of Shrewsbury aforesaid. Executed
by all the ])artics.

Indenture dated 18 June, 12 (Jharles I, (1G3G), between the said
Juhn Piuwde, John Wightwicke, Adam Webbe, Richard lierington,
John Lloyde, and John Ridgwey, of the one part, an<l John Lowe of
the Towne of Shrewsbur}', Draper, of the other part ; the said jjarties
did demi.se, set and to farme lett, All that newe erected Stonehowse
commonly called the contrey Sclioolchouse, auto the said John Lowe,
from the 10th ^lay last for five years, Upon special Trust that the
said John Lowe shall be plaintiil'in an action of trespass for the trial
of the title in law of the said ])arties to the said Stonehowse yarde
pasture or [larcel of land, and if upon trial judgment and possession
be obtained, then to surrender n[) the residue of the term to the said
})arties.

In 1828, the Schoolhouse was let to the Rev. Dr. Gardner as yearly
tenant, at the rent of £1 4s. It has since been occupied as a private
school by Mr Richard linrkley and Mr. Meredith. In 1873, the
Trustees of the Free School sold the premises to Dr. Flinn ; anil they
subseiiuently [)asse;d to II. ('. AVilliams, and are n(nv the property
of Mr. Thomas Edwards, M.B., and called the Grange.

South-cast of the Church is tiie old stone manor-house of the
Kilverts, apparently erected in 1G21 by John Kilvert, as appears
fr(;iii iht' inscription "1. K. 1G24." 'i'he I'uiiily have built a new
rcsidcuic adjoining their old houso. Tiie present repiesentative, i\lr.
J. M. Kilverl^ is eighth in direct lineal descent from \Villiam Kilvert,
the vendor of the land to the Trustees in 1G17, and who died in
IGl'L Tlie Kilverts have long resided at t-!rinsliill, and have several

360

HISTORY OF SHKEWSliUllY LIBERTIES.

royal descents from Edward III., through the marriage in 1792 of
John Kilvort '.vith Catherine, dau. of the Rev. William Clarke, by
Catherine hirj wife, dau. uf Amlrow Corbett of Sliawbury Park.

The following articles were i.-^sued by the BaihlVs of Shrewsbury to
the constables uf the various townships within the Liberties in the
year 15G9; and the answers of the constables of Grinshill are here
•riven.

Articles set forthe to all conn-
stables by I\Ir. Bailitles of the
towne of Salop by virtue of the
Queue's Ma'* I'res unto them
directed the iv*** day of Aprill
in the xj"^ yere of tlie raigne of
our sov'aigne Lady Elizabeth
&c. anno d'ni 15G9.

Ini)'nus to enipiirc wh it nomber
of alehouses be in ev'y towue
or vilhige.

It'm how many of them kepe
comenly logons.

It'm what sort of gestes they
comenly lodge, whether travi-
lers by the way on liorseback
or most cc)nionly on fuote, and
whether tliey be strangers or
men k no wen nere about, and
whether they lodge or reset one
man ij dales or nights together,
and what be their names.

It'm whether they or any other
nomfort w"' meat driuk or lodg-
ing any v:igraut v icab(»nds
eomcnly ealle<l beggers, and
how oit and when they diil
reicve them.

It'm wliethcr the constables or
towneship suffer any such to
beg in their towne or hamelet,
and sudor any to escape uu-
jiunuished, and wiien and how
ul'lcu any s\icli have bin sullVred

It'm wlieLheraud how luiuiy kepe
idcliouses or tipling houses and
not bounden before this time
according to the Lawe.

An answere made by the conn-
stables of Grinsell inito the
articles before rehersed, whrit-
tcn this p'seut the vij day of
May anno D'ni 15G9.

Inp'mis ye shall understa'd thcr
ys but one alehouse in the
towne.

It'm as for comune lodginge the
be onestly stored when time
requireth.

It'm as for straungcrs or gestes
thcr ys none reset nor main-
tained passingeone night nether
horseman nor foot man and
those whiehe are bulh honest
and clene.

It'm ther ys no vagabond beggers
nelhei' maintained nether' re-
lyevcd.

It'm the Constables suffer noe
suclic unpunished, netlier here-
tofore have done.

It'm the ale seller liathc bene
bounden Ijofore this tiuio ac-
cordiiige to the lawe.

GRINSILL.

8G1

It'm whether they suffer any un-
hnvfiill gained to be pl;iyd w'liia
their houses and who be the
players when and how often
they have playd and suffered
there.

It'ui to ene^uire what ev'y alehouse
speudith wickly in their houses
in wheat and malt so coraenly
one wicke with another.

iL'in whether any sell bread jr
ale at any time upon sonduies
or any other feastiall daics
during the tyme of devyne
service.

It'm whctlier the kepe good and
godly rule in their liouses and
recett nether suspects as the
yes houres or bandes.

It'm whether they by any goods
of straingers not knowing how
the seller cam by it.

It'm wliether prestes or myuisteis
be oft repayrers and haunters
to their alehouses, and what be
their names.

It'm whether ev'y parish do releve
the poor w'"' their parish accord-
ing to the statute I or no.

It'm he suffereth no iinlawfull
games to be plaid in his house.

It'm the spenco of wheate and
malt one wicke w"* another ys
scarcelye half a stryke of wheat
and not a stryke of maulte.

It'm ther is nether bred nor ale
soold at noe undue times as
service time and suchc like.

It'm ther ys botlic good and godly
order kepte and noe suspected
persons reset nether by yes
houres or bandes.

It'm ther arc noe goods bought
of straungcrs.

It'm the prist ys noe oft reparer
nor haunter of ale iiowses, but
w"' onest companye, as occasion
cunstrainethe.

It'm the poore in ther paryslie
are releeved accordinge to the
statute.

In the Court Books of 16G8-1G74, Grinsell is named amongst the
Liberties (H' tlie Castle Ward. In a Subsidy lioU, Assessment for
three months, IGIl, inhabitants of (iryncell paid 1'8 12s. Gd., and
JL2 3s. Gd. remained unpaid by Robert lOmery, llobert Kilvorte, Richard
Cureton, John Edge, and Samuel (jlrillis. In a ('ourt Roll of 1G47-8,
these names occur under Grinsell : — Richard Ciu'eton, Win. Maddox,
yom', Wm. Maddox, weaver, Richard Heath, John l"]dge, Tobias
Trevor, Thomas llotchkye.s, Sannicl Critlis, Richard Cureton, Thomas
Roberts, Robert Kilvorte, and 'J'liomas Atclierly. In a Land 'J\ix
document, without date, Robert I'^ndjrey of Crinsill, occurs as owner
of two tenements worth £21 [ler auiunn.

Tiie C^uarries of thicU bedded freestone yield splendid material for
building [HU'poses. 'J'he strata belong to the Lower Keu/icr beds of
the Tiiassic system. Generally, the beds are remarkably delicient
in fossil remains ; but in some sjjots forms of the greatest interest
liave been discovered, es[)ecia]ly the bones, footprints, and even the
long trail made by the animal as it alighted on the nuul, of the

362 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES.

Rhyncosaurus ; also the footprints of the Labyiiuthodout Cheirothe-
rhim, whilst impressions of raindrops and ripple marks arc pretty
abundant. No complete specimen of the Rhyncosaurus has yet been
fovuid, but portions are in the possession of Miss Kilvcrt of Cirinshill,
and in the Shrewsbury Museum. The whole formation is lacustrine,
similar to what might take place on the shores of the Caspian Sea,
and it is closely connected with the salt beds of Cheshire. Similar
beds in the neighbouring counties are estimated at from 100 to 250
feet thick. Some years ago copper was extracted from some mines
atCrinshill, but the scheme was abandoned as unremunerative.^ — Ed.]

Conumuiicated by the Kev. J. 1). La Touclie. — Ed.]

f^O ^ </

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