REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 00855 1761 GENEALOGY 942.4501 SH84T 1893 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/transactionsofsh25shro TRANSACTIONS OF THE SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. J ESTABLISHED 1877. ALL RIGHT a KU8BHVED. I 2nd SERIES, VOL. V., 1 8 9 3. i PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY. I \ SHREWSBURY: A D N 1 T T AND NAUNTON, THE SQUARE OSWESTRY: j WOOI) ALL, At INS HALL, AND Co. SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. CONTENTS of 2nd Series, Vol. V. Pages. Sclattyn : A History of the Parish. Chapters III., IV., and V. By the Hon. Mrs. Bulkeley-Owen 1, 151, 311 Notes on Shropshire Birds. By William E. Beckwith ... 31 Thomas Browne of Shrewsbury, Draper. By the Rev. G. W. Fisher 49 Letter from Francis Taylor to Thomas Pardoe : London, Aug. 8th, 1761. Communicated by Ralph C. Purton 61 Astley, in the Parish of Alveley. By W. H. B. Bird ... 63 On the connection between Stone Circles and Adjacent Hills. By A. L. Lewis, F.C.A., M.A.I 78 Churchwardens' Accounts of the Town of Ludlow. Tran- scribed by Llewellyn Jones ... ... ... ... 87 The Family of Langley, of Shropshire. By A. F. C. C. Langley 113 Some Account of the Manor of Faintree. By Ralph C. Purton, B.A 211 Will of Sir Edward Bromley, Knt., of Shifnal Grange, 1626. By the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A 225 History of Pontesbury. By the late Rev. John Brickdalb Blakeway, M.A., F.S.A. Edited by the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A 229 An Elizabethan Clergy List of tho Diocese of Lichfield. By the Rev J. Charles Cox, LL.D., F.S.A 253 iv The Goughs of Myddle and their Descendants. By F. H. Gough and A. V. Gough 261 A Letter of Robert Powell, Sheriff' of Shropshire in 1594. Edited by W. Phillips, F.L.S 293 The Parish Registers of High Ercall. By the Hon. and Rev. Gilbert H. F. Vane, M.A. 296 The Shropshire Lay Subsidy Roll of 1327, Purslow Hundred. With Introduction by the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A., and Notes by Miss Auden ... ... 343 History of Shrewsbury Hundred or Liberties. By the late Rev. John Brickdale Blakeway, M.A., F.S.A. Edited by the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A. Hanwood ... ... ... ... ... 363 Harlescote ... ... ... ... 384 Hencot 390 ILLUSTRATIONS. Signatures, facsimile 12, 118—147, 154—209, 312—341 Map showing tho relative positions of Mitchcllsfold and Hoarstone Circles, and Stapeley Hill ... ... ... 78 Diagram showing relative position of Hills and Circle at Camelford, . Kletcher, M. C. .Jones, Esq., Von. Archdeacon Lloyd, S. M. Morris, Esq., Rev. IS. Myers, E. C. Poole, Esq., llev. A. Thin-shy fell mm, W. I'hillips, Ksq. S. C. Southam, Esq.," Col. Barnes added that the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland had accepted the invitation of the Cambrian Archaeological Society to visit Oswestry in August next, on the occasion of the joint Annual Meeting. Vlll This proposal was seconded by Mr. R. Lloyd Kenyon, and carried. Mr. J. Watson proposed a vote of thanks to the Auditor, Dr. Calvert, which was seconded by Major Southam, and carried. Mr. Stanley Leighton, M.P., F.S.A., proposed a vote of thanks to the Chairman. He pointed out the importance of doing all they could to increase the number of their members, and that could best be done by the efforts of members themselves. He had often thought that local societies of that sort should endeavour to attach to them- selves some skilled Secretary or Assistant Secretary, who could be referred to to inspect old deeds or other such manuscripts. He had spoken to Mr. Maxwell Lyte on the subject, but was told that such men were exceedingly rare. Still the matter might be considered by the Council, for he believed there were many people who had valuable papers in their possession which they would like examined, and put into order. He also wished to suggest that the Transactions might be illustrated more than they are at present. He was perfectly sure that it would do much to make them more popular. He was extremely glad that their President had had printed the valuable documents from which he had given them such interesting extracts. It was one of the very best books of the sort he had ever seen. (Cheers). Sir Offley Wakeman seconded the motion, and the Chairman having acknowledged the vote, the proceedings closed. ANNUAL EXCURSION. The Annual Excursion of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society took place in the south of Shropshire, on Wednesday, 28th June, and, from beginning to end, afforded considerable enjoy- ment to those who attended, and the various places visited were so replete with interest and instruction, that the event must be looked upon as one of the most successful held in connection with the Society. In the morning tho Shrewsbury contingent proceeded by train down the Severn Valley, and picked up a number of members and friends on the route to Arley. On arriving there the party was found to consist of between 30 and 40, and among those present wcro :_Rcv. T. Audcn, F.S.A. (Chairman of the Council), Uev. C. H. Drinkwatcr, Itev. O. M. Keilden, Kev. W. G. D. Fletcher, F.S.A., Kev. A. T. Pelham, Mr. C. J. Cooper, Mr. (J. S. Corser, Mr. Cranage, Mr. Dovaston, Mr. Griffiths, Mr. Hodges, Mr. A. T. Jebb, Mr. South- well, Mr. Burson, Mr. W. Phillips, F.L.S., Mr. Coyne, (secretary), and a number of ladies As Hie visitors made their way across the Severn, the vicar of the parish of Arley, the Rev. C. J. VVilding, pointed out the boundaries of Shropshire, Worcester, and Stafford, ix and explained that they were then passing through a portion of the atter county. On reaching terra firma, a steep incline was ascended, and a view of the ancient church of the parish soon obtained. The structure contains numerous features interesting to the antiquary. The oldest part appears to be the tower, which has, however, been cased. In recent years the foundation near the front entrance was discovered to project beyond the tower which surmounts it, thus giving rise to the belief that a church of a more archaic period once occupied the site of the present building. The earliest part of the edifice is Norman, probably of the reign of Stephen, but the aisle and the chancel arch belong distinctly to the fourteenth century. Several windows are in the same style. The clerestory dates some 150 years later, and some of the windows in the tower are of the lGth century; most of those in the chancel being of much more recent time. In the north side of the church there is a small door- way, which is supposed to have led to the rood loft. In 1885 the building was restored at a cost of £3,000, and at that time several discoveries of historical interest wero made. These included a fresco painting over the chancel arch, which, unfortunately, had been so thoroughly white-washed in later times that all endeavours to remove the coating without destroying the treasure beneath were futile. The arch itself is a very elegant piece of Norman work, and the vicar acted prudently in refusing to adopt the suggestion of pulling down this relic of antiquity to widen the chancel. The monument now in the the chancel is another interesting feature, and was a matter of specu- lation until the late Rev. Mackenzie Walcott kindly undertook to unravel the mystery by identifying the escutcheon. It is the tomb of Walter de Balun, first husband of Isolda, daughter of Halph de Mortimer and Gladys, daughter of Prince Llewellyn. He is said to have died at Portsmouth from injuries received in a tournament on his wedding day, and to have been brought to Areley for burial. Burke does not mention this though he gives Isolda's second marriage to Hugh de Audlcy. Ralph do Mortimer=f=Gladys Day, dau. of Prince Llewellyn. I Roger Peter, grey friar of John Hugh Isolda— 1st, Walter de Balun (Barry Shrewsbury. dancette'e of six argent and gules.) =j=2ndly, Hugh de Audley. I I I Two sons. Nash gives a slightly different pedigree. According to him Isolda had a brother Edmund, and in 1328, the estates passed to her nephew, Roger de Mortimer, the favourite of Queen Isabella, who was seized at Nottingham in 1330, and beheaded by order of Edward III. Nash does not venture to assert to whom the monument near the altar belongs. The Rev. Edward Hardwicke, in his pamphlet on X Areley, also does not give Isolda's first marriage, though he mentions her seoond. There are also many monuments to members of the Valentia family. Originally the Church did not reach beyond the present chancel, which has been added in late years. In pulling down tho chancel a stone coffin was found among the debris, and is now placed outside the church on the north side. Beneath several of the massive buttresses are to be seen long slabs of stone, on which are Saxon crosses, which tend further to prove that a church of an earlier period stood at one time on the spot. Before leaving the spot the Vicar read a shortpaper on the history of the parish as follows : — Nash in his "Worcestershire" says "although the parishes of Over Arloy and Clent with the abbey of Hales Owen do not lie in Wor- cestershire, yet as the account of them was drawn up by Bishop Lyttelton, I thought it would not be disagreeable to the reader to insert it in the appendix." Ho quotes from Sir William Dugdalo as to the etymology of Arley : — Ley is very often used for terminating the names of villages, and Ar signifies 'super' "and this " writes Nash, "will suit very well." I find that " Aries," " Arelatum" is derived from the Celtic " Arlait" " near the Waters," which certainly suits better, but the ancient form of the word was Ernley, and it is so called in the poem of Layamon, who was priest of Areley Kings in the beginning of the 13th century. There are three "Arleys" on the Severn, Areley Kings or Nether Areley, Over or Upper Areley, and Harley near Cressage, the last mentioned is, however, some distance from the river. " Ley" signifies open pasture, and generally implies the presence of surrounding woodlands. The earliest notice of Areley is in A.D. 99 G in a charter of Wulfruna to the monks of Hampton (i.e., Wolverhampton), from whom it passed to the Canons of Lich- field. Over Areley was for some generations in the hands of the Lyttelton family. At the close of the last century, Arthur Annesley, Viscount Valentia, created in 1793 1st Earl of Mountnorris, married Lucy Fortescue, only daughter, and eventually heir of George, Lord Lyttelton, by whom tho estate passed into his possession. Tho " Lost Heir" by Charles lleade was founded on facts connected with tho Annesley family. Tho first Earl was succeeded by his son, George, 2nd Earl of Mountnorris, who married Anne, daughter of Viscount Courtnoy. This son, Ccorgo Arthur, Viscount Valentia predeceased him, and left no issuo ; consequently George Annesley became heir to his own son and absoluto tenant in feo of the estates. At his death in 1844, General Norman McClcod, who married Lady Hester Annabclla Annesley, daughter of the 1st Earl of Mount- norris, became possessor of the estates and assumed tho name of Annesley. He was succeeded by his son, Arthur Lyttelton Annesley, who sold Areley in 1854 to Robert Woodward, Esq. father of tho present owner. Tho lust Lord Mountnorris was a groat travellor, and edited Salt's " Vvt/atjc to Abyssinia." Ho took great pleasure in planting and in xi building. The Arboretum he formed, was at the time one of the first in the kingdom, and lately was said by Sir Joseph Hooker to be the third best collection of trees in existence. The family of Hickories is particularly well represented, but the tree of greatest interest is the Sorbus domestica, a tree almost unknown in England, the only wild specimen being a single tree formerly growing in Wyre Forest. The present specimen was obtained by planting a pear tree in a tub, and inarching a graft from the parent tree in Wyre Forest, which when established was brought to its present position, not long before the original tree was destroyed by fire through the carelessness or malice of some gipsies. The present church of Areley, dedicated to St. Peter, was built mainly by Henry de Port in the time of Henry I. or Stephen, probably on the site of an earlier church. The north aisle, of early English work, was an addition made by Bishop Burncll, Chancellor of England, who bought Areley and held it for about ten years. He conveyed the manor to the King, who intended to make it the base of his operations against the Welsh. Edward, however, in 1282 broke the resistance of the Welsh, in spite of the rout of a portion of his army, which had crossed the Menai, and in 1283, Llewellyn having perished in a skirmish near Builth, and his brother David lying prisoner in Shrewsbury, he held his great parliament at Acton Bur- nell, his Chancellor's chief manor. After leaving the church the party was conducted through the charming grounds of Arley Castle, and turned their attention for a time from antiquities to an interesting description given by Mr. R. Woodward, the owner of Arley Castle, of some of the rare and magnificent collection of trees on this part of the estate. Before leaving Arley, the Bev. T. Auden said ho should not like to go away without expressing, on behalf of the visitors, their warmest thanks to Mr. Woodward for giving them so much useful information, and to Mrs. Woodward for kindly inviting them to take tea at Arley, which invitation, ho was sorry they were unable to accept owing to the limited time at their disposal. — Mr. Woodward replied, and expressed his regret at the shortness of the visit. Thanks having been also given to Mr. Wilding, the party then drove to Alveley, passing by Pool Hall, a moated dwelling of the Elizabethan period. Parts of the structure have been re-built, and the portion in front is supported by Doric pillars, and surmounted with a balustrade. Only a portion of the moat is now exposed.— Alveley was reached in due course, and the party alighted at the Church, which is dedicated to St. Mary. In 1155 the church was held as a prebend of St. Mary Magdalene, Bridgnorth, and remained associated with a prebendal stall there till the dissolution of the collegiate foundation. In 13GG it was held by William of Wykeham, afterwards Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. In 1535 Alveley was stated to be in the Archdeaconry of Staftord and Diocese of Lichfiold. In Domesday wo find " Alvidclego, Earl Algar held it. One hide of land for xii nine ox-teams, in demesne two teams; eight villains with a priest, and four boors with six teams ; six acres of meadow and a wood two leagues long and half a league wide. In the time of King Edward, it was worth £6, now £5," It was granted by Henry II. to Guy le Strange, who was sheriff of Shropshire in 1 1 GO. He died about 1180. His son Ralph founded the Hospital of the Holy Trinity in Bridgnorth, and endowed it with lands at Alveley. On the south wall of the church la preserved in a glass case an em- broidered altar frontal, which was used, probably, about 1470. In the centre of the embroidery is a representation of the Church (three figures in the attitude of prayer) at rest in the bosom of Abraham, waiting for the Judgment. The rest of the frontal is richly embroidered with fleurs-de-lis and other flowers, which are the special emblems of the B. V.M. The division of the frontal into alternate stripes of red and cream-coloured silk, as well as the subject of the central design are noteworthy features of this beautiful specimen of embroidery, which is supposed to be almost unique in the history of ecclesiastical art. In the south Avail, near the piscina, may be seen in fresco, a representation, though faint, of the Fall ; and on the cast wall are discernible traces of frescoes of the Annunciation and the Salutation. On the south wall of the chantry, between the windows, may be seen an allegorical picture, the subject of which is somewhat obscure ; but it has been suggested that as the frescoes in the Sanctuary illustrate the part that woman took in the Fall and Redemption of mankind, so on the large wall of the Chantry itself was depicted an allegorical illustration of the triumph of woman when her work was done. In the centre is a woman ; on her right is Death aiming darts at her ; on her left a knight in armour is piercing the head of the dragon under her feet. The church was of Norman construction, and like most others, has undergone considerable alteration and improvements at different times. The oldest parts of this edifice are the north aisle and tho tower arch, both being of pure Norman style. The south aisle exhibits some transitional work of the end of the 12th century, and in the following century the present chancel, which is of great beauty, was placed there. It has, however, been considerably restored. The chancel arch is of modern date and takes the place of one that was pulled down. The chapel on the south side dates from the 14th century. The clerestory, similar to that at Arley, was probably added at tho end of the 15th century. In the north aisle, tho staircase leading to the old rood loft still remains, and in tho chapel of St. Mary, in tho south aisle, is a stone altar-slab, of pro-Reformation date, which was found beneaththe pulpit, having been used as a tombstone. Ncer tho West end is a brass to John (Jrovc 1G16. Ho was born at Pool Hall, becamo a citizen of Lon- don, and founded tho School at Alvclcy. Two stono coffins lio in tho churchyard. Ono is to be scon at tho south door and the other at tho east ond of tho church. Near tho front portico stands tho pillar of a pro-Reformation cross. Tho inspection of the church having xiii been finished a visit was paid to the house of the Rev. H. M. Wickhani, the vicar of the parish, of whose hospitality the party partook. Before leaving the village the Rev. T. Auden proposed a vote of thanks to the Vicar for conducting the party while at Alveley, and the hospitality he had shown them. The rev. gentleman replied, and said he was sorry the visitors were compelled to make their visit so brief. — A short drive brought the party to Quat, time not per- mitting a visit, as had been intended, to the " Butter Cross," which stands at the junction of four roads, and probably marks the site of an ancient market, existing in the 13th century. In 1086 Quat (then, no doubt, Coed, a wood), was held by its Saxon tenant, and subsequently was granted by Henry I. to the three sons of Helgot, Baron of Castle Holgate. Before 1127, Guy Fitz Helgot granted his share to Malvern Priory, who retained it, together with the advowson of the church, till 1535. In 1165, Philip Fitz Helgot, probably great-grandson of Helgot, held land at Quat by service of a knight for 40 days at Shrawardine Castle, "as his ancestors had done," but in 1211 the sergcantry was changed to the finding of two foot soldiers to go with the King's army in Wales for forty days in time of war ; one armed with bow and arrows, the other with a lance. In 1305 the tenure was stated to be by one archer armed with a bow, an arrow, and a caltrop to accompany the King from Bridgnorth to Shrawardine. In 1333 Richard de Welles gave a messuage, six acres of land, and four weeks' rent in Quat to a chaplain to celebrate Divine service in the church of Quat for the soul of himself, of Joan de Wanton, and their ancestors. At the close of the 14th century this portion (Quat Jervis) was in the hands of the Mortimers. Dudmaston, a member of Quat, became a member of the Barony of Holgate, and was held under the Barons by tenants named de Dudmaston. Quat is described in Bagshaw as being " an extensive parish in the district of Morfe. Near it stands Dudmaston Hall, the seat of the Whitmores, and in Leland's time ruins of Roger de Mont- gomery's palace were to be seen. Four miles distant are still extant the remains of a Roman Camp, called the Walls. The church, a venerable fabric, is dedicated to St. Andrew, and built partly of free- stone and partly of brick. It has a nave, chancel, aisle, side chapel, and north aisle ; arcade of four bays, octagonal pillars, and four bells. The earliest part of the church is Norman, the chancel aisle belonging to the 14th century, and the chancel itself is probably of the 14th century. The cast window was added in the following century, and. the nave, aisle, and the columns separating it from the navo itself were constructed, probably, in the reign of Henry VIII. Subsequent to this the church underwent considerable alterations and some destruction. The main part of the building, with the exception of the decorated chancel, is of the Georgian era. The carved font is Norman work."— Quatford Church, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, was next visited. The outsido building exhibits no special architec- tural features oarlior than about the fourteenth century, with the exception of a small window on the north side of tue chancel. The xiv western towor was addod at a later period. A rare feature of the building consists in the chancel and chancel arch, which are built entirely of a kind of calcareous tufa, a material also used in the nave. In the fourteenth century several windows were inserted, and the carved font, a clever piece of work, belongs to the same period. Its basin is circular and supported on a cluster of four short massive shafts. In the church are many monuments to the Wolriche family. The legend, related by the Rev. T. Auden before leaving the building, attributes its foundation to Roger de Montgomery, who erected the edifice at the request of his wife Adeliza. She, it is said, while cross- ing the sea to England became so alarmed at the violence of the waves that sho vowed to build a church if she escaped the dangers of the voyage. Adeliza, having made the declaration, was advised by a monk to erect the monument at the place where she would meet her husband. This meeting took place at Quatford, and in accordance with her promise the church was built. Mr. Auden also drew atten- tion to the remarkable feature of the tufa, which Randal states is not an uncommon occurrence in the brooks which feed the Severn, and it may also be seen among the materials in a wall construction in Shrewsbury. — Mr. Cooper remarked that tufa, or carbonate of lime, occurs in a stream at Coalport, and frequently pieces of wood are encrusted with the mineral. He also gave some interesting details respecting the foundation of the building. At Quatford the Danish Camp was visited. It is situated on a lofty eminence overlooking the Severn, and is splendidly adapted both for offensive and defensive purposes. The keep or fortress is surrounded by a moat. The Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, F.S.A., stated that in the year 878, at the Peace of Wedmore, Mercia was divided into two parts — English Mercia, which included all the Severn Valley, and Danish Mercia, or the district of the Five Boroughs, the Watling Street being the dividing line between the English and Danish territories. In 894 the people of the Danelagh rose and ravaged English Mercia, but were defeated at Buttington by Edward, Alfred's son, and Ethelred, a Mercian ealdorman. In 896 the Danes abandoned their fleet on the rivers Thames and Lea, and went across the country till they arrived at Quatbridge, where they constructed a fortress and passed the winter. In the summer of 897 they dispersed, part of them going to East Anglia and part to Northum- bria. There was no bridge across the Severn here in 89G, but there evidently was one when Florence of Worcester wrote his Chronicle two centuries later, for he says, " Locum qui Quatbryge dicitur pedestres celeri fuga petunt," and he understood the place then called Quatbryge to have been the site of the Danish camp in 896. The adjoining hamlet of Dancsford scorns to corroborate tho story of their visit to the neighbourhood ; and it is plainly mentioned by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, and by Florence of Worcester, Simeon of Durham, and other early historians. In 905, and again in 911, the Danes ravaged English Mercia. In 912 Etholfloda, tho lady of tho Mercians, built a fortress at Bridgenorth, on the site now XV called Pam-pudding Hill ; in 913 she built fortresses at Tamworth and Stafford; and in 914 at Chirbury, Warburton, and Runcorn. She thus seized the line of the Watling Street, and soon, with her brother Edward, attacked and mastered Danish Mercia, and stopped the Danish ravages. In Shropshire there are no permanent Danish settlements, the terminations "by," " thorpe," and "toft" being the test words by which they can usually be distinguished. The Danes used long, narrow, flat-bottomed boats, able to go in any river. One found in Norway is 78 feet long, 1GJ feet wide, and 5 J feet deep, and was propelled by 16 oars on either side. Their plan of warfare was to seize a headland or slip of land at a river mouth, to draw a trench across it and back it with earthworks, and haul up their boats within this camp, leaving a sufficient guard to protect them. They would then seize any horses they came across, and ride into the heart of the land, pillaging as they went. They were well armed, but their policy was to fight behind earthworks, rather than in the open field. [See Green's Conquest of England]. — Mr. Cooper remarked that the Norman Earl of Shrewsbury utilized the site of the Danish encampment by building his castle upon it. The visitors then drove to Bridgnorth, and dined at the Crown Hotel. The chair was taken by the Rev. T. Auden, and the vice-chair by Mr. W. Phillips. The return journey was completed about nine o'clock, and all were much gratified with the successful result of the day's proceedings. xvi LIST OF MEMBERS, 1893. Adnitt, Mr. H. W., Shrewsbury Allen, Very Rev. Canon, Belmont, Shrewsbury Auden, Rev. T., M.A., F.S.A., Condover Vicarage, Shrewsbury Bradford, Right Hon. Earl of, Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire ( President ) Brownlow, Right Hon. Earl, Belton, Grantham Barnard, Right Hon. Lord, Raby Castle, Durham Babington, C. C, Esq., F.S.A., F.R.S., 5, Brookside, Cambridge Baldwyn-Childe, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., J. P., Kyre Park, Tenbury Barnes, Thos., Esq., The Quinta, Chirk Barnes, Col. J. R., J. P., Brookside, Chirk Barton, Rev. J., M.A., Hadlcy Vicarage, Wellington, Salop Beacall, W., Esq., J.P., Sunfield, Shrewsbury Benthall, E., Esq., Glantwrch, Ystalyfera, Swansea Vale Beresford, Robert de la Poer, Esq., M.D., Oswestry Bidlake, G., Esq., Wellington, Salop Borough, J. C. Burton, Esq., B.A., D.L., J. P., Chetwynd Park, Newport, Salop. Bridgeman, The Hon. and Rev. Canon, M.A., J. P., The Hall, Wigan Bridgeman, The Hon. and Rev. J., M.A., J. P., Weston-undcr- Lizard, Shifnal. Bridgeman, Orlando, Esq., Coton Hill, Shrewsbury Broomhallj J., Esq., J. P., Surbiton, Surrey Burd, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., Chirbury Vicarage, Salop Burr, George, Esq., Oaklands, Shrewsbury Bulkclcy-Owen, Rev. T. M., B.A., J. P., Tedsmore Hall, West Felton Burson, Mr. W., Whitehall Street, Shrewsbury Burton, Rev. R. Lingen, Little Aston Vicarage, Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham Burton, G. R. Lingen, Esq., Whitton Hall, Westbury Calcott, John, Esq., Oakley Street, Shrewsbury Calvert, E., Esq., LL.D., Shrewsbury Chance, A. F., Esq., M.A., The Schools, Kingsland Chohuondclcy, Rev. R. II., M.A., Hodnct Rectory Clark, G. T., Esq., F.S.A., Talygarn, Llantrissant, Pontyclown, R.S.O. Clay, J. Cecil, Esq., Market Drayton Clayton, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., The Rectory, Ludlow, Clowes, Kov. Albert, M.A., Clce S. Margaret, Bromfield, Salop XVll Cock, Alfred, Esq., Q.C., 8, Kensington Park Gardens, W. Colvill, J. C, Esq., Olde House, Shrewsbury Colville, H. K., Esq., Bellaport, Market Drayton Cooper, C. J., Esq., Severn Brow, Oldbury, Bridgenorth (the late) Corbet, Sir W. 0., Bart., Acton Reynald, Shrewsbury Corn eld, Lieut.-Col. F. Channer, J. P., Ormonde Fields, Codnor, Derby Corser, G. Sandford, Esq., Shrewsbury Cortissos, C, Esq., Shrewsbury Cranage, D. H. S\, Esq., B.A., Wellington, Salop Corbett, John, Esq., M.P., Impney, Droitwich Darby, Mrs., Adcote, Shrewsbury Davis, Rev. J., The College, Cleobury Mortimer [late) Donaldson-Hudson, C, Esq., J. P., Cheswardine, Market Drayton (the Dovaston, Adolphus, Esq., Twyford, Sunnyside Road, Ealing, London, W. Dovaston, J., Esq., West Felton Drinkwater, Rev. C. H., M.A., St. George's Vicarage, Shrewsbury Duignan, W. H., Esq., St. Ronans, Walsall Egerton, Rev. Canon, M.A., Middle Rectory, Shrewsbury Egerton, Rev. W. H., M.A., The Rectory, Whitchurch, Salop Eyton, T. Slaney, Esq., D.L., J. P., Walford Hall, Baschurch Feilden, Rev. O. M., M.A., Frankton Rectory, Oswestry Fletcher, Rev. W. G. Dimock, M.A., F.S.A , St. Michael's Vicarage, Shrewsbury. Foley, P. H., Esq., M.A., F.S.A., Prestwood, Stourbridge, Worcester- shire Fortey, Chas., Esq., Ludlow, Salop. Fisher, Ed., Esq., F.S.A. Scot., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot George, A. Brooke, Esq., Dodington, Whitchurch, Salop Gill, Arthur, Esq., Preston Street, Shrewsbury Gough, Fredk. H„ Esq., Chilton Moor Vicarage, Fence Houses, Durham Gough, Miss, St. Winifred's Cottage, Shrewsbury Gregory, G. W., Esq., Wyle Cop, Shrewsbury Griffin, Harcourt, Esq., J. P., Pell Wall, Market Drayton Griffiths, Goorgo, Esq., Weston, Shifnal Guildhull Library, London, E.C. — C. Welch, Esq. Greensill, Frank, Esq., 4, Windsor Terrace, Douglas, Isle of Man. Harlech, Right Hon. Lord, Brogyntyn, Oswestry Hawkkhmuuy, Right Hon. Lord, F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollorton, Newark Hill, Right lion. Viscount, Hawkstono, Salop Harding, W. E., Esq., Shrewsbury Harding, Mr. J. Millard, The Squaro, Shrewsbury XV111 Hawkins, Miss, St. Mary's Court, Shrewsbury Herbert, Hon. R. C, M.A., D.L., J. P., Orleton, Wellington, Salop Heywood-Lonsdale, A. P., Esq., B.A., D.L., J. P., Shavington, Market Drayton Hibbert, F. Aidan, Esq., B.A., Denstone College, Uttoxeter Hignett, T. H., Esq., Oswestry Hodges, E., Esq., Edgniond, Newport, Salop IJow, T. M., Esq., Nearwell, Shrewsbury Howells, T. Middleton, Esq., Highfield, Shrewsbury Hughes, W. II., G5, Clarendon Road, Holland Park, London, W. Humphreys-Owen, A. C, Esq., M.A., J. P., D.L., Garthmyl, Mont- gomeryshire Jebb, Arthur Trevor, Esq., J. P., The Lyth, Ellesmere, Salop. Jones, H., Esq., 1, Church Court, Clement's Lane, London, E.G. Jones, J. Parry, Esq., Beechfield, Oswestry Juson, Mrs., Monklands, Shrewsbury Kenyon, Right Hon. Lord, Gredington, Whitchurch, Salop. Kenyon, R. Lloyd, Esq., M.A., J. P., Pradoe, West Felton, Oswestry King, Rofi°, Esq., Islington, Shrewsbury Kittermaster, Rev. F. W., M.A., Bayston Hill Vicarage, Shrewsbury Kynnersley, T. F., Esq., J. P., Leighton Hall, Ironbridge, Shropshire Lane, Cecil N., Esq., C.M.G., J.P., Whiston Hall, Albrighton, Wclver- hampton Langley, Alfred F., Esq., Golding, Peterston Super Ely, Cardiff. Leighton, Stanley, Esq., M.A., M.P., F.S.A., Sweeney Hall, Oswestry Leslie, Henry, Esq., J. P., Bryntanat, Llansantffraid, R.S.O., Mont- gomeryshire Lewis, Mr. Henry, Oswald Road Oswestry. Lichfield, Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield Lloyd, Ven. Archdeacon, M.A., Edgmond, Newport, Salop Mainwaring, S. Kynaston, Esq., D.L., J. P., Oteley, Ellesmere Minshall, Philip H., Esq., J. P., Bronwylfa, Oswestry More, R. Jasper, Esq., M.A., D.L., J. P., M.P., Linley Hall, Bishop's Castle, R.S.O. Morris, Mr. W. B., Shrewsbury Morris, S. M., Esq., Swan Hill Court, Shrewsbury Moss, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., Tho Schools, Shrewsbury. Myers, Rev. E., F.G.S., The Parsonage, Shrewsbury Naunton, Mr. W. W., Shrewsbury Norton, Rev. F. C, Ditchling Vicarage, Sussex Oswell, A. E. LLoyd, Esq., Shrewsbury Powis, Right Hon. Earl of, Powis Castle, Welshpool xix Parry, Rev. W., D.C.L., Fitz, Salop Peele, E. C, Esq , Kingsland, Shrewsbury Pelham, Rev. A. T., M.A., Cound Rectory, Shrewsbury Phillips, W., Esq., F.L.S., J. P., Canonbury, Shrewsbury. Pickering, T. E., Esq., M.A., The Schools, Shrewsbury Piper, E. J., Esq., Shrewsbury Poole, T. Frank, Est}., Kingsland, Shrewsbury Potts, E. B., Esq., Broseley Purton, Ralph C, Esq., B.A., Church House, Oldbury, Bridgnorth Roberts, Mr. D., Old Bank, Oswestry Robinson, C. I)., Esq., Franktpn Orange, Ellosmore Robinson, Brooke, Esq., M.P., Barford House, Warwick Rowland, G. J., Esq., 14, Parkdale, Wolverhampton Ronse-Boughton, Sir 0. II., Bart, D.L., J. P., Downton Hall, Ludlow Sutherland, His Grace the Duke of, Lilleshall Salt, G. M., Esq., Shrewsbury •Salter, J. B., Esq., Castle Street, Shrewsbury Salwey, T. J., Esq., The Cliff, Ludlow Sandford, Humphrey, Esq., M.A., J. P., The Isle, Shrewsbury Sandford, Folliott, Esq., Shrewsbury Sec. Science and Art Department, London, S.W. Severn Valley Field Club Shrewsbury, Rt. Rev. The Lord Bishop of, Quarry House, Shrewsbury Sitwell, Willoughby Hurt, Esq., Ferney Hall, Craven Arms Smith, H. Percy, Esq., Tong Priory, near Shifnal Smith, Hubert, Esq., Belmont House, Bridgnorth Smith, F. Rawdon, Esq., Eastfield, Ironbridge Sontham, Hbt. R. H., Esq., Sutton Lane, St. Giles, Shrewsbury Sontham, S. C, Esq., Elmhurst, Shrewsbury Sontham, T., Esq , J. P., The Hollies, Shrewsbury Southwell, C. J., Esq., Hook Field Plouse, Bridgnorth Sparrow, Arthur, Esq., F.S.A., D.L., J.P., Preen Manor, Shrewsbury Spaull, W. 11., Esq., J. P., Oswestry Stanier, F., Esq., J. P., Pcplow Hull, Market Drayton Stanton, George, Esq., Coton Hill, Shrewsbury Swainson, Rev. J. G, M.A., Wistanstow Rectory, Craven Arms Taylor, R., Esq., J. P., Abbey House, Shrewsbury Thursfield, T. H., Esq., J. P., Barrow, Broseley Tutton, J. H., Esq , Shrewsbury Vaughan, H. F. J., Esq., B A., 30, Edwardes Square, Kensington, London Vane, Hon. and Rev. Gilbert H. F., M.A., High Ercall Vicarage, Wellington Venablcs, R. («., Esq., J. P., The Lodge, Ludlow XX Wakeman, Sir Offley, Bart, M.A., D.L., J.P., Yeaton-Peverey Walker, C. C, Esq., J.P., Lilleshall Old Hall, Salop Wateridge, F. W., Esq., Belmont, Shrewsbury Watts, W. W., Esq., M.A., F.G.S., 14, Hume Street, St. Stephen's. Green, Dublin Watson, J., Esq., J. P., Berwick House, Shrewsbury Weyman, H. T., Esq., Ludlow, Salop Whittaker, W. Wilkinson, Esq., Cornbrook House, Manchester Whitcombe, Robert H., Esq., Bewdley Williams, Philip, Esq., J.P., Hinstock Hall, Market Drayton Williams, Pryce, Esq., West Shrubbery, Iledland, Bristol Williams- Vaughan, E., Esq., Broom Hall, Oswestry Wood, Rev. J. Cooper, M.A., The Clive Vicarage, Shrewsbury Woods, Sir Albert W., C.B., F.S.A., Garter King of Arms, Queen Victoria Street, London Woodall, Mr. E., Osivestry and Border Counties Advertizer, Oswestry Wright, Philip, Esq., J. P., Mellington Hall, Churchstoke Whittingham, E., Esq., Newport, Salop Members are requested to notify any change of residence, or error of description, to the Secretary, Mr. F. Goyne, Dogpole, Shrewsbury. SOCIETIES IN COMMUNICATION WITH THIS SOCIETY. Archaeological Section of Birmingham and Midland Institute. Cambrian Archaeological Association. Cumberland and Westmoreland Archaeological and Antiquarian Society. Derbyshire Archaeological Society. Essex Field Club. Folk- Lore Society. Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire. Kent Archaeological Society. Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society. Powys-Land Club, Montgomeryshire. Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Society of Antiquaries of London. Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-on-Tyne. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Somerset Archaeological Society. Surrey Archaeological Society. Sussex Archaeological Society. Worcester Diocesan Archaeological Society. William Salt Archaeological Society, Stafford. Yorkshire Arclneological and Topographical Association. Bodleian Library. Hritish Museum. Natural History Department of British Museum. -o o o oom o o o -H © 03 S0 O CO o r»o»o o c o 20 o co irj O CN i— i W US t}i C( CD 00 s is.jp 1 1 f III _, cj co S :c5-C 73 "3 a a a o o : '5b • o o &, 2*3 g -S o i. £ _r e d 2 fl 2 3 35 .73 » t>0 l< s § « d r\ S3 vie ^"-2 a> ffl pi d q co : -S| : 2 « § So | : 03 M 8 a 00 o\ ■* t>» 00 jag J£ 8 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Br the Hon. Mrs. BULK ELEY-0 WEN. __ (Continued from '2nd Series, Vol. IV., page 240.) CHAPTER III. PENTREPANT. During the reign of Henry VIIL, one Thomas Hanmer, " Cognominatus Ginta," was living at Pentrepant. He assumed his mother's name of Hanmer, why or wherefore I have been unable to discover, as his father's pedigree traces back to Llewelyn Aurdorchog 1 [i.e. of the Golden Torque], Lord of Ial and Ystrad Alun in the 12th Century. [Arms : Azure, a lion passant-guardant coward or.] Thomas Hanmer is called in Selattyn Register, Thomas ap Richard, alias Hanmer. Katharine, the mother of Thomas Hanmer, was a daughter of John Hanmer of Lee or Llai in Halchdyn, a township of Hanmer, Flintshire,2 ap Sir Jenkin, (who was slain fighting beside his brother-in-law Owain Glendwr at the battle of Shrewsbury, 22 July, 1403), ap Sir David Hanmer, Chief Justice of England, 1383. Sir Jenkin Hanmer became possessed of Llai through Eva his second wife, daughter of David ap Gronwy ap Jorwerth of Burton and Llai. 1 Had. MS., 1972. 2 Hari, MS., 1972, Her. Visit of Wales, vol. ii. p. 312. Powis Fadog, vol. vi. Vol. V., 2nd S. A 2 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF TBE PARTS H, How Thomas Hanmer acquired property in Selattyn Parish remains a mystery ; he had a cousin living there already, Elin Dimorke, wife of John Wynn Laken, whose mother wasElizabeth,daughter of Griffith Hanmer of the Ffens. Thomas Hanmer formed a further con- nection with the Lakens by marrying Gwenhwyfar, daughter of David Lloyd, son of John Edwards hen of Plas-Is-y-Clawdd, Chirk. He had five sons, the eldest, David, who continued the Pentrepant line, married Elizabeth, daughter of Roger Kynaston of Morton, Oswestry, and widow of Thomas ap Hugh of PJas Cerrig, Llwyntidman, in Llanymynech Parish. Meredyth, the second son, was born at Pentrepant in 1543 ; he was afterwards distinguished as a Doctor of Divinity and Historian. David, Meredyth, and their fourth brother Richard, were amongst the Scholars of Shrewsbury School. The names of Davidus Hanmer, ali. No. 31, Class II. Meredythe Hanmer, ali. No. 32, Class II., and Richard Hanmer, ali. No. 146, Class V. are entered on the first Register of Admissions of Thomas Assheton, which begins " Quinto Calendas Januarii, A.D., 1562." The School was at that time held in a timber and plaster building in the street then known as " Ratony- slone,"1 now called School Lane, and the Scholars numbered 266, Meredythe Hanmer's future learning was doubtless, due in a great measure to the advantage he had in being educated by so efficient a master as the Rev. Thomas Assheton of S. John's Coll., Cambridge, formerly tutor to the celebrated and unfortunate Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex.2 1 The new School House was begun in 1595. 2 Hist, of Shreiv&bury School, chap. iii. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 3 The Hanmers had amongst their schoolfellows, Andrew Downes, Greek Professor at Cambridge from 1586-1625, and translator of our present Version of the Apocrypha, and that " Model of accomplished learning and mirror of chivalry, " ^ir Phillip Sidney, whose father, Sir Henry Sidney was then living at Ludlow Castle, as Lord President of the Court of the Marches (1559 — 1586.) Much of the business of the Marches was transacted at Shrewsbury, and it was customary for Sir Henry Sidney to have " An orac'on made unto hym by one of the scollars of the Free Scole."1 It would be interesting to know if David orMeredythe Hanmer were ever chosen to make this " Orac'on." Their being placed so high as Class II. upon their admis- sion to the School makes it highly probable that they had that honour. We may picture them also as taking part in the Mysteries or Passion Plays, which their master revived in all their original splendour on the piece of waste ground outside the walls, which is now called the Quarry. " Acting was made the subject of one of Mr. Ashton's ordinances. Every Thursday the scholars of the highest form before going to their sports, were obliged to declaim and play one Act or Comedy."2 The Mysteries seem to have taken place at Whitsuntide, and it is recorded of Queen Elizabeth, that she twice set out for " Shrosbery " to see them ; but that the first time, in 1565, ar- riving as far as Coventry, she found " it was ended," and the second time, in 1574, she was stopped at 41 Lychfilld," by hearing that the plague was in the neighbourhood of Shrewsbury. David Hanmer went from Shrewsbury to Queen's College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. 15G9, M.A. 1572. 1 Hist. Shrews. School, chap. iii. 2 Ibid. 4 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Meredythe went to Corpus Christi, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. 1569,^11(1 M.A. 1572. He was made " Bible Clerk " of his College in 1567. B.D. 1581, D.D. 1582. He became Vicar of Hanmer, Flintshire, from 1574- 84, Vicar of S. Leonard's, Shoreditch (he was presented to the living by the Queen "per literas patentas") 1581-92. In the Consistorial Acts of the Diocese of Rochester, A.D. 1588-90, fol. 40b., is this entry of a charge against Meredythe Hanmer : — " Dr. Hanmer, Vicar of Shoreditch, married Richard Turke of Dart- forde, and Gertrude, the wife of John Wynd, without banns or license."2 And Vicar of Islington 1583-90. 3 His literary work seems to have begun in 1576, by the translation of "The auncient Ecclesiasticall Histories of Eusebius, Socrates, Evagrius, and Dorotheus, Bishop of Tire," which was first published in London in 1577. It went through three other editions, in 1585, 1607, and 1636.4 His next two publications were of a controversial character, and were directed against Edmund Campian or Campion, the Jesuit, " some time Eellow of S. John's Coll., Oxford, who was sent over to England from the English College at Rome, 18 April, 15 79, 5 with some English Jesuits most distinguished for learning and courage, {or (as they called it) the conversion of the country."6 Meredythe Hanmer's works were entitled — 1. "The great bragge and challenge of M. Champion, a Jesuit, commonly called E. Campion, lately arrived in England, contayninge nyne articles here severally laid downe, directed by him to the Lordes of the 1 Diet, of Nat. Biog. and Hist, of S. Asaph. 2 Soo Shoreditch and its Vicars, by William Clement, printed 1882. 3 Newcourt's Repertorium 4 Brit. Mils. Catalogue. 6 Records of the English Province of the Soc. of Jesus, vol. i , p. 477 (edit. 1877). 6 Collier's Eccles. Hist., vol. vi., Records No. 89. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 5 Counsail, confuted and answered by M. H." — (Black Letter, 1581). 2. "The Jesuites Banner, displaying their original suecesse, their vow and their hypocrisie and supersti- tion ; their doctrine and position, with a confutation of a late Pamphlet entituled ' A Briefe lesson given upon two Books written in answere to M. Campion's offer of disputation.' " — (Black Letter, 1581). History tells us that Campian had offered to dispute with the English clergy, and sent them a public challenge.1 He was arrested at Lyford, Berks, the seat of Mr. Yates, 16 July, 1581, 2 was tried for high treason (upon the 25th Ed. III.) along with three other priests, who were all found guilty and executed. Sanders relates that Campian was laid in irons, set three or four times upon the Back in the Tower, and miserably tortured, and that upon his refusing to recant he was executed.3 His execution took place at Tyburn, 3 Dec, 1581. 4 His death cannot be attributed to the writings of Meredythe Hanmer, as Sanders reports that "Campion was betrayed by one Elliot of the same religion." Hume says, " Campion's execution was ordered at the very time when the Duke of Anjou was in England, and prosecuted, with the greatest appearance of success, his marriage with the Queen, and this severity was, probably, intended to appease her Protestant subjects, and to satisfy them that whatever measures she might pursue, she never would depart from the principles of the reformation."5 Stowe, under his notice of S. Leonard's, Shoreditch, tells us the following discreditable story of Meredythe Hanmer. 1 Camden's Eliz. 2 Records of Soc. of Jesus, vol. i., p. 278. 3 Sanders's De Schism Anglic. 4 Records of Soc. of Jesus, vol. i., p. 318. 5 Hist, oj Eng., Hume, chap. 41, p. 239. 6 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. " Notwithstanding of late one Vicar there [Dr. Meredith Hanmer, Vicar there, Anno. 1585], for covetousness of the Brass, which he converted into coyned silver, plucked up many Plates fixed on the graves, and left us no memory of such as had been buried there, a great Injury both to the Living and the Dead ; forbidden by publick Proclamation in the reign of our Sovereign Lady Queen Elizabeth, but not for- born by many, that either of a preposterous zeal, or of a greedy Mind, spare not to satisfy themselves by so wicked a means."1 In 1591, Meredythe Hanmer was appointed Arch- deacon of Ross,2 and was at the same time Vicar of Timoleage, which Church was valued in the Tax. Pope Nicholas as u Ecclesia de Tagumlag VI. marks."3 He was appointed Treasurer of Waterford, 1593, Vicar Choral of Christ Church, Dublin, 1594, Preben- dary of S. Michan's in the same Cathedral, 1595,4 R. V. B. V. M. de Boruges in Leighlin in 1595, Chap- lain of Christ's College, April, 1597, was elected Warden of the College of Youghal (founded 1464) 1598— 1G02,5 Rector of Muckully, Vicar of Rath- patricke, Killebeacon and Killahey in Ossory, 1598, Pre- bendary of 8. Canice's,6 and Chancellor of Ossory in 1603, 7 and Rector of Fiddown, and S. John Evan, and Aglismartin, and Treasurer of Christ Church, Dublin.8 His other literary works were — " The Baptizing of a Turke A Sermon " [on S. Matt, v. 16. |— Black Letter, 1586 [?]. " An Ecclesiastical Chronography from the birth of Christ to the 12th year of the Emperor Mauritius, tak- ing in a period of 595 years." 1 Stow e's Survey of Lond., Book iv. p. 52, (edit. 1720.) 2 Ross is a small Irish Diocese now united to Cork. 3 Hrady's Records of Cork, Cloyne and lions, vol. iii., p. 21. 4 I am indebted for this information to Professor Stokes. 6 Records of Cork, etc. 0 S. Can ice is the Patron Saint of Ossory. 7 Prof. Stokes. 8 The Writers of Ireland, Ware, vol. ii., (edit. 1633.) SELATTYN : A HISTORY OP THE PARISH. 7 " An Ephemeris of the Saints of Ireland." " The Historie of Ireland, collected by three learned authors, viz., Meredith Hanmer, D.D., Edmund Camp- ion, sometime fellow of S. John's Coll., Oxford, and Edmund Spencer, Esq. Published by Sir James Ware Knight, dedicated to Thomas Viscount Wentworth, Deputy Genl. ot Ireland, President of his Maties Councell in the North Parts of England, and one of his Maties Most Honble Privie Councell." Dublin, Printed by Societie of Stationers, 1633, re- printed 1809. Meredythe Hanmers portion of this History begins thus — " 300 yeeres after the flood — one Bartholanus, the sonne of Sera with his 3 sonnes, Languinus, Salanus, & Eathurgus & their wives of the posterity of Japhet are said to have arrived in this Island, etc." He quotes largely from Giraldus Cambrensis, and ends with the death of " Jeffery, or Galfridus de Sancto Leodegario, Bishop of Ossorie, the second founder of the Cathedral Church of S'ctus Canicus, who dyed Anno. 1286." Besides the " learned authors " named in the title of the Book, it contains Henry Marleborrough's Chronicle of Ireland, 1285—1421, with which it ends. Meredythe Hanmer married Mary Austin, by whom he had one son Thomas,1 and four daughters,2 Margaret, Mary, Magdalen, and Martha. He died at Dublin of the plague in 1604, and was buried in S. Michan's Church.3 " He was esteemed an exact disputant, a good preacher, Grecian, and excellent for Ecclesiastical and civil histories."4 There is in the Dublin Record Office the Will dated May 10th, 1640, of " Mary Hanmer of Wood Quay, 1 Her. Visit, of Shrop. 2 Diet, of Nat. Biog. 3 Ware, The Writers of Ireland, vol. ii. 4 A then. Ojc., vol. i., p. 178. 8 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. widdow," who must have been the widow of Meredythe Hanmer. She commends her "soule to Almighty God and her bodye to be buried in St. Michan's Church beyonde the Bridge." She bequeaths legacies to her three daughters, to Margarett Hubert some bonds which her husband Donishe (?) Hubert was liable for. To Mary Cotton £100. To Magdalen Mainwaring jewels to be divided equally with Ursula Mainwaring and Janet Jones. She leaves to her grandchild Dudley Mainwaring £100 and a diamond ring, and the lease of her house on the Wood Quay. Her son-in-law, Matthew Mainwaring, is to be her executor. Mary Hanmer must have been an illiterate person, as she signs as a marks woman.1 Probably the daughter Martha died before her mother, as she is not mentioned in the Will, nor is Thomas the son, whose name is to be found in the Her. Visit, of Shropshire of 1623. There are no Wills in the Dublin Record Office between 1595 and 1614, so Meredythe Hanmer's Will, if he made one, does not now exist. Selattyn Register tells us that " David Hanmer, gent., and Elizabeth Kynaston weare married the 27 daye of February, 1570," and records the christening of all their children with the exception of Edgar and Katherine.2 It states that the eldest son Thomas, and Roger, Richard, and Margaret were christened at " Oswestrie," and that John, Dorothie, Elizabeth, and Elianora were christened at Selattyn. David Hanmer died 30 January, 3 602, and his wife Elizabeth died 22 January, 1620 ; they were buried at Selattyn. He was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas, who died unmarried 20 August, 1620, and was buried 1 I am indebted for this information to Thomas Drew, Esq., of Dublin, R.H.A. and F.R.I.B.A. 2 Her. Visit. Shrop. gives Edgar as the third son, and says he died s.p., and states that Katherine mar. David ap Thomas de Llansilin. Neither Edgar nor Katherine is mentioned in the Llyjr Silin. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 9 at Selatfcyn, as was also his mother Elizabeth Hanmer, who died on the 22nd January following. The Will of Thomas Hanmer (who was bur. 20 Aug., 1620), dated 9 Aug., 1620, was proved at S. Asaph, 20 Sep., 1620. It mentions his brother Richard Hanmer, his brother- in-law William Gethen, whose "wief is Jane my sister," his brother-in-law Richard George, whose " wief Margaret is my sister," and his sister Elinor. Also his cousin Robert Jones, his uncle John Kynas- ton of the Crowne, his uncle Hugh Wynn of Briny- barrow,1 his niece Ellen Johnes and the Curate of Oswestry, Sir John Davies.2 He bequeaths " to my mother all my lands in Coed y Saeth, in Rhulas, £5 each to the poor of Oswestry, S. Martins and Llansilin, 40/ for ever to the poor of Sillatton." The Execurors are John Hanmer, D.D. & Richard, Gent. Overseers, Mr. Mytton & my cosin Lloid of Llanvorda. Witnesses, John Lloyd Esquier John Kyffin Richard Cowp. Pentrepant was next held for nine years by the second son John, afterwards Bishop of St. Asaph. He was christened at Selattyn, 1 Feb., 1575, was sent to Shrewsbury School in 1585, where he is described as "generosi films," his father having " paied for his admyssion "the usual fee of 2s. 6d.3 From Shrewsbury he went to Oriel College, Oxford, was Fellow of All Souls 1596, Proctor for the University 1605, Rector of Bingham, Notts, Prebendary of Worcester, 1614, and 1 He mar. Margaret, daughter of Ubger Kynaston. 2 Probably a cousin. (See Bishop llanmer's letter to the Oswestry Corporation). 3 Hint. Skreiua. Sch ol. Vol. V., 2nd S. U 10 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. shortly after was licensed Chaplain in Ordinary to King James I, D.D. 1615, elected Bishop of St. Asaph 20th January, 1623, and consecrated 15th February, 1623. He is described as a great friend of Camden, and an original letter to him from the historian was found in the Inner Temple Library. I give it from a copy in the British Museum.1 " Joanni Dno Mauritio Hanmajro Cum pluribus hinc inde negotiis distinear, mi optime Han- raajre.habe hmc paucula quie ab animo amoris in te plenissimo et judicio, si quod in me sit proinanare tibi velim persuadeas. Quicquid male feriati illi blaterant tibi animi tranquillitas adsit et securitas, et rideas quaaso nec ringaris. Stomachantur isti quod avus tuus, qui supra vulgus insipidum, ut mihi videtur, sapuit, Gentile Nomen sibi assumpserit, cum paterni nominis recensio pro more Britannorum illi displicuerit. At hoc idem prudentissimo, si quis alius, hujus regni Principi Regi Edwardo primo jam olim displicuit cum enim Ille videret inter alios nobilissimam familiam Baronum Normanico illo more, praanomen paternum sibi pro nomine longa serie variasse cum Normannica adjectione Fitz, ut Roger Fitz- Richard, Robert Fitz- Roger, John Fitz-Robert, Robert Fitz- John, et Robert Fitz-Roger, John Fitz-Robert, monuit, imo jussit Rex ille, ut Gentilitiura aliquod Nomen, confnsa ilia nominandi ratione abjecta, adscisceret, quod fecit, seque a praecipua sede Joannem Clavering vocavit. Sub id tempus clarissima ilia Familia Fitz- Walter, qua3 eodem modo subinde nomen antea mutaverat, hoc nomen quasi sibi defixit et firmiter retinuit, Horumque et aliorum Nobilium vestigiis, qui minorum gentium et plebeii, statim institerunt, et desultoriae illius levitatis, in nominibus commutandis pertaesi, qui antea Willson, Thomson, Richardson, Watson, Robinson, etc. a paterno nomine fuerint nominati, vel hu2C et hujusmodi ut fixa vel aliunde sibi nomina, quae essent posteris haareditaria, adsciverunt. Serius tamen Bri- tanni vestri hoc apud vos fecerunt, quod tamen hie in Anglia plurimi factitarunt ; primusque quocf sciam Gulielmus Ille ap Gillitn ap Thomas ap Gillim ap Jankin qui creatus ab Edwardo IIII. Comes Pembrochise, Herberti nomen sibi i ITarl. M S. 7017, f. 137. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH, 11 assumpsit, et posteris reliquit, quod a Nobili Viro cui prsenomen Herbertus, qui multis retro saeculis sub Henrico primo floruit, genus deduxit. Adeo ut non est cur quis vitio vertat avo tuo, quod tantos viros imitatus, sibi et suis Nomen certum assump- serit. Verum indignantur isti, quod ex materno genere nomen iliud Gentilitium acceperit, Ignorant boni viri Vespasianum Caesarem August tilium Titi Vespasia Polia matre sua nomen efformasse, itidemque Sabinam Poppa3am Neronis Uxorem ab avo materno nomen desumpsisse. Domesticis exemplis abundamus nam proeter ea quae Cainus [sic] vester protulit, maxima ilia apud nos nomina Percy, Neville, Magnadill, Sk John, Carew, Delavale, Gorges, Cavendish, Littleton, et alii quam piurimi a materno latere sunt olim accepta, et reprehen- dit, quod Scio, homo plane nemo. Nec quisquam vitio vertit Richardo ap Williams ex Wallia oriundo, quod in Cromwelli nomen se inseruit (paterque fuit Henrico Cromwello viro equestri dignitate jam in Huntingdonensi comitatu clarissimo) nulla alia de causa quam quod magno Thomas illi (Jromwello fuerit famulatus. Adhaec cum nomen mutare jure optimo liceat, licet etiam illi qui antea non habuit, nomen assumere. At Nomen Suum quilibet mutare potest. L. I. c. de Mutatione Nom. Diocletianus et Maximin. Quapropter, mi Hanmaere nomen illud quod avus sine fraude licito jure accepit et tibi luereditario reliquit, prescriptions jure jam confirmatum ex illis quae vidi testimoniis, tu ut haireditarium tuere, et fremente invido transmitte Natis Natorum et qui nascentur ab illis. Vere enim in re non dissimili dixit Tacitus Inveterascet hoc quoque, et quod hodie exemplis tuemur, inter exempla erit. Feb. 3, 1601, Campdenus Joanni Hanmero. Taken from a Copy in Campden's own handwriting (in which book are sev11 othor original letters by ye same hand) in ye custody of Mr Tho. Ilearne of Edmund Hall, Oxon, May 15, 171G, by T. T." Sir John Hanmer, Bfc., M.P. for Flint, who died in June, 1G24, committed his son and heir Thomas, "during his minority and tender years to the tuition, care and protection of my right worthy and trusty good Cousin, the 1W1. Father in God, John, Lord Bishop of Sfc. 12 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Asaph " amongst others. The said Thomas being according to the Inquis. post mortem of his father, then of the age of twelve years and fifty six days. He be- came a Page to King Charles I., and before he was of age, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Baker of Whittingham, Suffolk, one of the maids of honour.1 In the Oswestry Corporation Records2 we find the following letter from Bishop Hanmer — " Gentlemen I am to request your favour on behalf of my Cosen John Davies Glover whose suite it is to be made burgesse at this yor„ meetinge I must confesse myself to be one imptunate having lately moved you in the behalf of my servant Will™ Olielf but this my suite you will not deem unreasonable for- asmuch as Mr Davies his request is not to take up yr favor gratis but upon reasonable tearmes, therefore if you shall please to condescende yor curtesie will appeye nobler & my oblgac'on ye greater. And so I cornit you to ye ption of ye Almighty Resting Yor trulie Lovinge ffrende ? -tie To my very lovinge / 0 /) frends Ye Baylifte ^ Pfrr^S * and JJu*gesses 01 ye v is / Town of Oswestrey. v Bishop Hanmer married Mary, daughter of Arthur Kempe of Co. Hants, who afterwards became the wife of Col. William Owen of Porkington. She was married prior to 1624 — for Selattyn Register records under that year, that " Penelope Kempe, a 1 u A Memorial of llumucr," by John Lord Ifiuitner. (Privately printed 1877). 2 No. xx i. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 13 mayd was buried the 4th daye of December, Sister in lawe to the LL. Bishop Hanmer." It also tells us that 11 George Kempe was buried the 23rd December, 1628." And " John Hanmer, Doctor of Divinitie, Lord Bishop of St. Asaph, was buried the 24th daye of July, 1629." He had no children. Prices History of Oswestry, printed in 1815, tells us that up to that date " On the north side of the Com- munion Table in Selattyn Church, an inscription on a brass plate preserves the memory of John Hanmer, Bishop of St. Asaph, who died 1629, aged 56."1 This brass is lost ; the gravestone of the Rector Thomas Hanmer and a wooden shield to Mr. Thomas Hanmer of Pentre David, alone remain of any monu- ments there may have been to the Hanmer family. The inscription is, happily, preserved for us by Browne Willis : — " Inter paternos cineres sepultus jacet praestantissi- mus olim Vir Johannes Episcopus Assavensis, qui cum quinquennium in Episcopatu summa cum pietate necnon incomparabili assiduitate profuisset pie et feliciter obiit 23 Junii 1629, setatis suae 55." Bishop Hanmer left a legacy of £5 to the poor of "Sillattyn." We learn from Selattyn Register that his eldest sister Dorothie was christened there 6th April, 1573, and that she married Richard ap John Davids of St. Marty ns, 14 October, 1593, and that she had one son Richard, christened 2nd July, 1596. The second sister Elizabeth, christened at Selattyn, September, 1579, married Edward Gethin.2 The third sister Elianora, christened at Selattyn, 15 September, 1581. 1 Ho died in his 55th year. 2 Llyfyr Silin, Pentre Pant Ilanmor. Archceo. Camb., 1889. They were, probably, Cethins of Plwyf Llansilin ltywlas, descendants of BWddyii ap Oyufyii, Prince of Powis, whoso arms they bore with a dilloioiico. {Herald. Visit. Walt's, vol. ii., p. 330). 14 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. The fourth sister Margaret was baptized at Oswestry, 5 March, 1582, and married Richard George of Pentre Clawdd,1 by whom she had six children, Richard, Elizabeth (1), Elizabeth (2), Jane, Anne, and Elin. The son Richard was christened 6 June, 1621, " at Oswestrie Church/' but all the daughters were chris- tened at Selattyn. The fifth sister Jane, christened at Selattyn, 5th February, 1591, married William Gethin,2and had five children, Thomas, John, Margaret, Jane, and Anne, all of whom were christened at Oswestry, excepting Thomas, chris. 20 August, 1617, at Selattyn, and Anne christened there 4 September, 1621. Roger Hanmer, chris. at Oswestrie, 6 June, 1587, must have succeeded the Bishop at Pentrepant. His death is recorded at Selattyn on the 4th September, 1642. He probably died unmarried, for the estate passed to the youngest brother, Richard, chris. at Oswestrie, 24 November, 1583. He married " Elizabeth, daughter of Roger Kynaston of Hordley, in ye County of Salopp."3 His eldest son John " was born on ye 30th day of Aprill, 1626, being Sunday about 6 of ye Clock in ye afternoon being ye 2nd year of King Charles ye Ist Reign," and was chris. at Selattyn, 6 May, 1626. His name is mentioned as being one of the loyal Garrison of Harlech Castle, who surrendered 16 March, 1646. It would be interesting to know what further part he took in the Civil War. 1 Selattyn Register contains three other entries of the George family — " John George of Oswestrie, and June, daughter of Edward of Silatton, weare married 29th December, 1606, at Oswestrie." "Thomas ap Edward, ap Richard George was buried 6th May, 1024." "Margaret, wife of Roger George, was buried 16 March. 1055 " 2 Llyfyr Silin, Pentre Pant Hanmer. 3 The births of all Richard Hanmer's children and those of his son, grandson and greatgrandson, are recorded in a MS. now belonging to P. Da vies Cooke of Gwysanoy, Ksq, They agree with the baptismal eutrios in Selattyn Register. See also Llyfyr Silin ;MSS. 1605— 1728, pub. in Arch. Camb., 5th Series). SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 15 The second son David was born 1st January, and chris. at Selattyn 12 January, 1G29. He is said to have been a lawyer, and to ha\e died s.p. The third son Edward was chris. at Selattyn ye 26 January, 1631. I do not know his future. The fourth son Richard, born 3 July, 1640, and chris. at Selattyn 21 July, 1640, had for his "Godfathers John Edwards of Chirk,1 Esq., Richard Lloyd of Lloynamaen, Esq., and for his Godmother, Mary, wife of Mr. William Owen of Porkington."2 He married Eleanor, daughter of John Peck of Trevalyn, and relict of Richard Jones of Weston, for his 1st wife. He also married a 2nd wife in Ireland. The eldest daughter Letitia or Lettice born October 5th, was chris. October 14, 1621, at Selattyn. The second daughter Mary, born 7th, chris. 21st November, 1622, at Selattyn, is said to have married Richard ap Robert " a servant in the house." The third daughter Margarett, born 2 Marc li was chris. at Selattyn 1 April, 1624. The fourth daughter Elizabeth, born December, chris. 4th December, 1627, at Selattyn, married Robert, the 4th son of John Vaughan, junior, of Glanllyn. The fifth daughter Ellinor, born 20th August, was chris. 10th September, 1633, at Selattyn. The sixth daughter Sarah " was born on Monday, in Easter week, Ano. 1635," chris. 21 April, and buried 21 May, 1635, at Selattyn. Ffraunces, the youngest daughter, born 14th and bapt. 27th August, 1637, at Selattyn. She was married there to Mr, Oglander Eyton, 5th January, 1668, and had one son Franciscus, chris. at Selattyn, 19th October and buried the 29th December, 1672. John Hanmer succeeded his father Richard, who was buried at Selattyn, 23 February, 1649. "He was marry ed to Mrs. Dorothy Phillips, daughter to James 1 One of the Garrison of Harlech Castle, 1646. 2 Widow of lollop Hanmer. 16 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Phillips, Esq., of Llandewy, in Radnorshire, on the 6th January, Anno 1652.1 Her mother was Frances, daughter of Andrew Meredydd of Glantanat,2 Their eldest son Thomas " was born 21st December, being S. Thomas Day, about 4 of ye Clock in the evening being Wednesday, the sign being Gemini 1 653, and was xnd 6th day of Janr? following being the ffeast of Ephy''3 at Selattyn. He was drowned near Llandewy, and buried in Llandewy Church, Radnorshire, 16 June' 1G66.4 John, the second son, was born 8th February, and chris. at Selattyn ye 28th February, 1655, "ye sio-n being Sagittarius."5 His name appears as a Burgess of Oswestry in the Charter granted by King Charles II. to that town A.D. 1673. Charles, the third son, was born 3rd May and chris. at Selattyn on the 18th May, 1660. The Hanmers being a loyal family, this Christian name bestowed on the eve of the King's joyful Restauration is not without its significance. Many children, christened about that date at Selattyn, received the name of Charles, Charles Hanmer married [ ,] and had one daughter, Elizabeth, who married Hugh Morgan of Bettws Claerwy, Radnorshire. His grand -daughter, Frances Morgan, married the Rev. David Griffith, Vicar of Merthyr, and Prebendary of Llandegla.6 She died in 1792, aged 58.7 James, the fourth son, was born 9th July, " the sign being Taurus," and chris. at Selattyn the 25th July, 1661. He, probably, died unmarried, and was buried at Selattyn, 16th January, 1718 1 Gwysaney MS. Andrew Phillips, Esq., of Llandewy, was buried ye I6th June, 1668, att Llandewy Church, Radnorshire. 2 Llyfyr Silin. 3 (Jwysunoy MS. * Ibid. & Ibid. « Dio. S. David's. 7 J. Morris's Collections. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 1? m Richard, the fifth son, was born 14 December, " the sign being Scorpio," and chris. at Selattyn, 6th January, 1663. He was apprenticed to William Leighton of Salop, Mercer, 30th May, 1687. Ffraunces, the eldest daughter, was born 1st March and chris. 27 March, 1655, at Selattyn. Dorothy, the second daughter, was born " 10th ffebry 1657, the sign being in Libra, and xned 1st March and dyed 18th March, and was buryed ye 19th" at Selattyn. Elizabeth, the youngest daughter, was born " 29th October, the sign being in Libra,1 and was chris. 18 November, 1662," at Selattyn. The Will of John Hanmer of Pentrepant, Gent., dated 23 June, 1665, was proved at S. Asaph, 13 July, 1666. It mentions his wife Dorothy, his eldest son Thomas, and his sons John, Charles, James, and Richard. He bequeaths £400 to his eldest daughter Fraunces, and £200 to Elizabeth. His wife Dorothy is executrix, and the witnesses are — John Kynaston,Thomas Hanmer, Richard Hanmer, John Barkley, and Samuel Jones. A codicil mentions his brother Richard Hanmer, and his sisters Margaret and Elizabeth Hanmer. Upon the death of John Hanmer, who was buried at Selattyn, 15 December, 1665, Pentrepant descended to his second son John, who married Katherine, the daughter and co-heir of Rees Wynne of Eunant, in Llanwddyn Parish.2 (She married secondly John Lloyd, son of Richard Lloyd of Llwynymaen). They had two sons, Thomas, born 22nd October, 1689, " about 8 o'clock att night being great Thunder and Lightning," and chris. November 1st at Selattyn; and Rice, born 16 September, and chris. at Selattyn, 3rd October, 1693. 1 It will bo noticed that the signs of the Zodiac are attributed very erroneously to the different months in this Diary. 2 J. Morris's Coll. and Poivis Fado(j} vol. iv., p. 366. Eunant was sold in 1840. Vol. V., 2nd S. C 18 selattyn: a history of the parish. John Hanmer was buried at Selattyn, 14 May,1694,1 two months before his mother Dorothy, who was buried 5th July, 1694. His eldest son Thomas held the property for eight years and a half. He was buried 9th November, 1702, and was succeeded by his brother Rice, the last male heir of the Hanmers of Pentrepant. Rice married Mary, the daughter of John Phillips, gent., of Day well and Ebnall, in Whittington Parish, Co. Salop. They were married at Selattyn, 23 May, 1719. John their son, born 10th February, was christened and buried at Selattyn, 11th February, 1721. Mary their daughter and heir, was born 1 5th May, and christened 10th June, 1720, at Selattyn. John Phillips, the father-in-law of Rice Hanmer, was buried at Selattyn, 29 April, 1721. On 5th November, 1722, Rice Hanmer was buried there. In 1724, Selattyn Register tells us that "Mr. Richard Puleston of Havod y Wern, and Widow Hanmer oi Pentre Pant were married the 3rd February, at Aston Chappel." It also records the marriage of her brother Edward Philips of Whittington Parish, and Mrs. Mary Kyffin of Ellesmere, on 29th January, 1724. " Mrs. Puleston of Pentre Pant, died the 15th May, 1728, and was buried the 18th day, much lamented." Mary Hanmer, the orphan owner of Pentrepant, was only eight years old at her mother's death. She, probably, went to live with her step-father Richard Puleston at Havod y Wern, near Wrexham, for she married in 1741 a neighbour of his, a foreigner, on9 Henry Strudwyck,2 whose father also, Henry Strud- 1 John Hanmer wa.s Burgess of Oswestry 1673. 2 The trustees of the marriage settlement, dated 1741, of Mary Hanmor and Henry Strudwick of Groat Marlborough Streot, London, were William Owen of Porkiugton, and Thomas Lloyd of Overton 8ELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 19 wyck, had married Theodosia, eldest daughter and heir of Edward Broughton, Esq., of March wiel Hall, near Wrexham. Henry Strudwyck, the grandfather of Mary Hanmer's husband, is said to have been a French Protestant refugee.1 There are no records in Selattyn Register of Mary Hanmer's descendants until the baptism of her great- grandson Thomas George Warrington in 1797. Pentrepant was, probably, either lent or let to some of her maternal relations, for we find the baptismal entry at Selattyn of Richard, the son of Richard Phillips of Pentrepant, by Elizabeth his wife, on 26 December, 1765. Mary Hanmer left an only daughter and heir, Mary Strudwyck, who married in 1708 the Rev. George Warrington, Canon of S. Asaph, Rector of Pleasley, in Derbyshire, and Vicar of Hope, in Flintshire. The family of Warrington was formerly seated at Aigberth, Co. Lancaster. George Warrington was a grandson of John Warrington of Aigberth. The son of Mary Strudwyck and George Warrington was George Henry Warrington, who married in 1794, Mary, daughter of John Carew of Antony, Cornwall. He lived at Pentrepant until his wife succeeded her cousin Mrs. Barnard, who was daughter and heir of Thomas Carew of Crowcombe, Somersetshire, and of Carew Castle, Pembrokeshire.2 Ferringe, Co. Flint. The witnesses were Richard and Thomas Hanmer and J. Wynn. Richard was, probably, the son of Roger Hanmer of Pentro David, and Thomas was of Maesgwaelod, in Overton Parish. (See Records of Corporation of Oswestry, Shrop. Archaco. Trans. 1880, p. 91), 1 J. Morris's Colls. I have searched in vain for the Strudwyck family. Their name does not appear on the Huguenot Roll, nor in the •« Armorial General de France " (1738, Hozier), nor in the " Dictionuaire Genoalogiquo de France " (1761). Their name sounds Dutch, but neither aro they in " 1 Art de Verifier les Genealogies des Families Beiges ct Holandaises," by J. Huyttens (Brussels, 1865;. 2 1 owe this information to the Hon. R. C. Trollope. 20 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. He then assumed the surname of Carew by sign manual in 1811, and went to live at Crowcombe. From that time to the present Pentrepant has always been let. The family of Carew of Carew Castle, descend from Arnulph, fifth son of Earl Roger de Montgomery, to whom William the Conqueror granted such large pos- sessions in Shropshire, as may be seen in Domesday. Earl Roger sought to atone for his many crimes by founding the Benedictine Abbey of S. Peter and S. Paul at Shrewsbury. According to Leland's Itinerary the Carews were styled Montgomerick Lord of Carew. Five of George Henry Warrington's children were baptized at Selattyn, including his heir, Thomas George Warrington, who was born 13 March and christened April, 1797. Nesta, the eldest daughter, was chris. 5 April, 1798. She married Gabriel Powell, Esq., of Peterston Court. John Francis, the third son, was chris. 25 July, 1800. He died in 1860. Elizabeth1 was chris. 10 February, 1806. She died unmarried 1871 ; and Ellinora was chris. 18 May, 1807. She married Capt, M. E. Forster, R.N., and is still alive (1891). The second son Henry, born 1799, who married Jane Maria, daughter of John Rogers of Ayshford, and died in 1854, was not christened at Selattyn, nor was Gerald, the fourth son, nor the second, third, and sixth daughters. Gerald Carew, who was a Clerk in Holy Orders, married Elizabeth Ann, daughter of the Rev. W. Black of Bath. They lived for a short time at Pentrepant, about 40 years ago. She died at Mytton Hall, in Fitz Parish, Shropshire, in 188— . Thomas George Warrington Carew married Elizabeth HannahjOnly child of Thomas Reid Clarke, Esq., in 1827, ' 1 The fourth daughter according to Burke's Landed Gentry. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PAHlSH. 21 and had three sons, the eldest of whom, George Henry Warrington Carew, born 1830, succeeded to the estates. He married Mary Phillipa, daughter of Peter Richards Mynors of Treago, Co. Hereford, Esq., in 1856. He died in 1874, and left a son, Edmund George, who died un- married in 188 — , and two daughters, the elder of whom, Ethel Mary, born 18 — , married the Hon. Robert Cranmer Trollope, second son of the first Lord Kesteven. She is the present owner of Pentrepant. I havebeenunable to find out when the present modern house of Pentrepant was built. The back of the house and the garden wall seem to be of an earlier date, but I should say no part of it was earlier than the last century. A portion of land between the Pentrepant Lodge and Pantglas was sold by George Henry Carew to Major Ormsby Gore in 1816, and now forms a part of Brogyntyn Park. HANMERS OF PENTRE PANT. The Arms of Hanniers of Pentrepant are those of Llewelyn Aurderchog: — " Az. a lion pasaant-guardant coward or." Cynddelw Gam=j= (a descendant of Coel Godebog. See Llyfyr Silin, Pentre I Pant Hanmer). I Gweirydd=T= CoelT= I Llewelyn Aurdorchog1^ (i.e., Golden Torque, Lord of Ial and Yatrad Alun) (12th cent). Prime Minister of Gruffydd, ap Llewelyn, ap Seisyllt, King of Wales. (See Cae Cyriog MS. in History of Llangurig). Idris=f I Ithel=T= Tudur=j= Tangwel=j= il»rl MH. 11/78. 22 SELATTYN • A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. [a Meilir=|= ■ Madoc Coch=f Madoc Heddwch'=pTanglwst, dau. of Madoc ap Gwyllawg ap of Ial and of Khiwlas, in Llan silin, Co. Denbigh. Eginin ap Lies ap Idnerth benfras. Maredydd ap MadogV dau. of ieuran Vychan ap Ieuvan Gethin ap j Madoc Cyffin of Moel Iwrch. Howel Goch=pEva, dau. of Jenkin ap Ein i ccGethin ap Madoc ap Owen ap I Griffith ap Cynric Efell. David=f Agnes or Annesta, dau. of Madoc of Llya Bedydd, ap Gruffydd ap I Tudor of Bangor-is-y-Ooed, ap Ieuvan Dccka of Rwvthin (des. from Rhys Sais). Richard=f Katherine, dau. of John Hanmer of Lee, Or Llai, in Halchdyn, ap Sir Jenkin, ap Sir David Hanmer. (Arms : arg. 2 lions passant, guard, az.) Her mother was Eva, dau. of David Hen ap Goronwy j,p Iorwerth of Burton and Llai. Katherine married secondly David ap Thos. ap Rich, of Middleton (des. from Rhys Sais). Meredith Hanmer=j= Edward Hanmer. Thomas Han mer^=Gwenhwy far, dau. of David Lloyd (cognominatus Ginta) de Porkington, Co. Salop). of Plas is y Clawdd, Chirk, Co. Denbigh, son of John Edwards hen ap John, ap Iorwerth (alias Edward of Plasoewydd).3 Da?id: mar. at Selattyn 27 Feb., 1 5 7 0, bur. tin re 30 January, 1602. Elizabeth, dau.'of Meredyth Han-=T=Mary Austin Thomas,=f... Roger Kynaston mer, D.D., born J bur. at S. bur. attie- of Morton, Os- Pcntrepant,1543, weBtry, by Gwen, bur S. Michan's, dau. ot Rhys ap Dublin, 1604. Davydd Lloyd of Gogerddau. Elizabeth mar. 1st, Thos ap Hugh of Plas Cerrig,Llwyutidniau, bur. Selattyn, 22 Jau., 1G20. b Michan's, lattyn, 13 Dublin, 1640. July,1618. Will dated May 10, 1640. » Hist, of Powis Fadog, vol. vi., gives the wife of Madoc Hoddwch as a daughter of Marodydd ap Davydd Llwch of Halchdyn in Deuddwr. (Arms: Az. 3 seagulls arg) Ap Madoc of Halchdyn ab Ithirid, ap Cadwgan, ap Madog, ap Iorwerth Hilvawr of Halch- dyn, ap Maul Maeliunydd (A.I). W). a Marodydd an Madog ia from Hist, of Powi$ Fadog. 8 Se« Powut Fadog, vol. iv.,p. til). SELATTYN I A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 23 I I I Thomas Margaret=Donishe Hubert Mary=. . Cotton Magdalen^Matthew Mainwaring Martha I Dudley Richard Elinor=^R o b e r t Jane^=M orris ap bur. Staney, Thomas of Selattyn, bur. Selat- Plwyf Rwy- 10 Nov., 1608. tyn, 2 Dec, 1613. las.Llansilin admon. to his Will at S. Asaph, dated 1587, granted to Jane Hanmer, Widow, David Hanmer de Porkinton, gen., Ric'us Kyffin, alias Lloid de West Felton Katherine, chris. at Selattyn, 6 Aprill, 1561. Gossipps Roger ap Meredyth, Kath- erine lloid and tblank.] gen, I I l| Thomas, chris. at John^Mary, dau. of Edgar Roger chris. Oswestrie, 6 Oct., chris. Selattyn, Arthur Kemp of Oswestrie, 6 1574, bur. Selat- 1 Feb., 1575, Co. Hants. She June, 1587, tyn, 20 Aug., 1620 cons. Bishop mar. 2ndly Col. bur. Selattyn d.s.p. 19 Feb., 1623, Wm. Owen of 4 Sept., 1642. bur. Selattyn, Porkington, 30 24 July, 1629, d.s.p. Nov ., 1630, bur. at Selattyn, 1 March, 1662. Richar d,=pElizabeth, dau. chris. Oswes- trie, 24 Nov., 1588, bur. 23 Feb., 1649, at Selattyn. ot Roger Kyn- aston of llord- ley, bur. Nov., 1652, Selattyn. Dorothie,: chris. Sel- attyn, 6 Ap'l.,1673, mar. Sel- attyn, 14 Oct., 1593. T :Richard ap John David of S. Mur- tyns. I Elizabeth,=Edward chris. Sel- Gethin, a 1 1 y n , Sep., 1579. Richard, chris. Selattyn, 2 July, 1596. I Elianora chris. Sel- attyn, 15 Sep., 1581. Margaret=f Richard Jane, ch.=j=William chris. Os- westrie^ March, 1582. George of Pentre Clawdd. Selattyn, 5 Feb., 1591. Gethin. Katherine= David ap Thomas of Llansilin. Richard chris. Os- westrie, 6 June, 1621 Elizabeth chris.Sel- attyn, 20 July.1617 Elizabeth chris. Sel- attyn, 19 Oct., 1619. Jane, chris. Selattyn, 14 July, 1622. Anne, chris. Selattyn, 16 March and bur. Dec, 1624. I Elin, chris. Selattyn, 11 Mar., 1625. 24 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH I i i i ~ Thomas, chri9. John, chris. Margaret, chris. Jane, chris. Selattyn, 20 Oswestrie, 09westrie,2 Jan., OBwestrie,17 Aug., 1617. 28 January, 1618. June, 1620. 1622. LI Anne, chris. Selattyn, 4 Sep., 1621. David, born 1 Jan., chris. Selattyn, 12 Jan., 1629. Dorothy, dau. of James Phil- lips of Llan- ddewi, Co. Radnor, by Frances, dau. of Andrew Meredith, of Glantanat, bur. Selattyn 5 July, 1694. Edward chris. Sel- attyn, 26 January, 1631. Richard= born 3 July, ch. Selattyn, 21 July, 1640. =E 1 e a n o r, dau. of John Peckof Tre- valyn, relict of Richard Jones, of Weston. Letitia or Lettice born 5 Oct., chris. Selattyn, 14 Oct., 1621. Mary,born=Richard 7 Nov., ch. Selattyn, 21 Nov., 1622. ap Robert. Margarett, born 24 March, ch. Selattyn, 1 April, 1624 bur. Selattyn, 18 Jan., 1699. Elizabeth,— Robert chris. Sel- Vaugh'n attyn, 4 4th son Dec, 1627 of John Vaughan jun., of Glanllyn. I | Ellinor, born 20 Sarah, chris. Aug., chris. Sel- Selattyn, 21 attyn, 20 Sep., April, and 1633. bur. 21 May, 1636. Ffrances, born 14=f Oglander, Aug., chris. 29th I Eyton. 1637, mar. 5 Jan., 1658. Franciscus chris. 19 Oct., bur. 29 Dec, 1672. Thomas, born 21 Dec, chris. Selattyn, 6 Jan., 1 653, drowned, bur.Llan- dewi, Radnor, 16 June, 1666. John, born: 8 Feb., chr. Selattyn, 28 Feb., 1655. bur. Selat- tyn, 14 May, 1694. Katherine, dau. and coheir of Rees Wynu of Connon & Eunant in par. Llanwddyn. She mar. 2nd, John Lloyd, son of Rich. Lloyd of Llwyn y maen.1 Charles: bo r n 3 May, ch. Selattyn 18 May, 1660. Elizabeth=Hugh Mor- gan of Bettwa Claerwy, Rad- norshire. Frances, died=Rev. David Griffith, 1792, aged 58. Vicar of Morthyr, Pre- bend of Llandeglu.1 J J. Morris's Colla. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 25 James, born Richard, born 9 July.chris. 14 Dec, chris. Selattyn, 25 Selattyn, 6 July, 1661, Jan., 1663. bur. Selattyn 16 Jan., 1718 I Ffraunces, born 1 March, 1654, chris. Selattyn, 27 March, 1655. Dorothy, born 10 Feb., chris. Selattyn, 1 March, 1657, bur. 19 March, 1657. I Elizabeth, born 29 Oct., chris. Selat- tyn,18 Nov., 1662. Thomas, born 22 0?t., chris. Selattyn, 1 Nov. 16S9, bur. Selattyn, 9 Nov., 1702. Rice, born 16 Sep.,=f Mary, dau. of John Phillips, gent., bap. Selattyn, Oct. I of Day well and Ebnal, par. Whit- 3, 1693, mar. Selat- | tington, Salop, who was bur. tyn, 23 May, 1719, I Selattyn, 29 April, 1721. She bur. Selattyn, 5 | mar. 2ud Richard Puleston of Nov., 1722. Havod y Wern, 3 Feb., 1724. v>he I died 15 May, bur. 18 May, 1728, at Selattyn. John, born 10 Feb., bap. and Mary, born 15 May, =f Henry Strudwyck, Esq. bur. 11 Feb., 1721, at Selattyn. chris. Selattyn, 10! June, 1720, mar. 1741 | I Mary Strudwyck=f Rev. George Warrington, Vicar of Hope, Flint ; Rector of only dau. andheir. | Pleasley, Derby ; and Canon of St, Asaph, mar. 1768. George Henry Warrington=pMary, dau. and heir of John Carew of Antony, Cornwall, and heir of Mrs. Barnard, dau. and heir of Thomas Carew of Crowcombe, Somerset, and Carew Castle, Co. Pembroke. Died 1852. born , mar, 1794, died 1842. Assumed name and Arms of Carew by sign manual, 1811. I Thomas George Warrington=p Elizabeth Carew, bom 13 March, I Hannah, chris. Selattyn, April, 1797, | only child mar. 1827. | of Thomas Reid Clarke Esq. I I Henry^Jane Maria John Francis born I dau. of chris. Selat- 1799, J JuhnRogers tyn, 25 July, died ofAyahford 1800, died 1854. Esq. 1860. ! Dudley, born I 1820,died 1870. born mar. died Mary,= 1852, 1853. =Robert Peel Floyd 3rd sop of Sir Henry Floyd, Bt. I Gerald, =Elizabeth Ann born dau. of Rev. W. 1808, Black of Bath, mar. 1841, died . . . Vol. V., 2nd S. Nesta,= Gabriel Powell chris. of Petersnton Selut- Court, Esq. tyn, 5 April, 1798. Mary Anne— T. Luxton of Wea- combe, Somer- set, Esq. 26 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. I Louisa I Elizabeth, chris. Selattyn.lOFeb. 1806, died 1871. Ellmora,=f M. E. Forster chris.Sel- Capt. R.N, attyn, 18 | May, 1807. I mar. 1847. | 61 Caroline=Col. T. C. Harriet, Dansey, mar. 1838, K.A. died 18G8. :Sir Robert More Molyneux, K.C.B. George Henry=pMary Phillipa, Coventry=p Rosetta John, born = Mary Anne born 1830 mar. 1856, died 1874. dau. of Peter Richards My- nors, Esq., of Treago, Co. Hereford. born 1833, mar. 1860, died 1890 Anne, dau. of Capt. W. Hot- h a m , R.N. 1835, Rec- tor of Clat- worthy, Somerset, mar. 1860, dau. of G. Aglen, Esq. 2 daughters. 3 sons and 4 daus. Edmund George, born , died Ethel Mary=pHon. Robert Cranmer Trollope, Geraldine 2nd son of Sir John Trollope, 1st Eleanor. Raron Kesteven, born 7 Nov. 1852, mar. 22 Oct., 1885, Major old Batt. Northamptonshire Regiment. I ! Thomas Carew, born 1 May, 1891. Dorothy Nesta, born 12 May, 1888. Several other branches of the Hanmer family appear in Selattyn Register, some of whom lived outside the parish, The first entry is — " Gwen verch Roger Hanmer was chris. 19 Novem- ber, 1560. Gossipps Meredyth ap Edward, G wen verch [blank.] " Elizabeth verch Moris Hanmer was chris. 18 July, 1507. Gossipps Robert Staney, Elizabeth Hanmer, and Jonett verch Grullith Fwrbwr," she was buried 1 Feb., 1567. " Hughe ap Edward, and Margarett verch Thomas Hanmer, were married 8 December, 1568." " Edward ap Moris Hanmer was chris. 2'2 January, 1568." Then follow several entries of Ilanmers who lived in S. Martyn's Parish — SELA.TTYN I A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 27 Meredyth Hanmer=p of St. Martyn's bur 7 Dec, 1568. j | Ales=j=Thomas Vachan1 buried 12 May, 1567. | of S. Martyn's. i i r David, chris. 23 May, David, chris. 21 Jau.,=r=Sionett Elnor, chris (?) Feb., 1565. Gossipps, David 1566. Gossipps, David 1562. Gossipps, Thomas Hanmer, David ap ap John, Pliillip ap ap llewelyn, Eluor verch Meredyth Hanmer, [blank], aud Margaret Thomas Hanmer and Ellen aud [blank.] verch David. lloid. I I Ieuau, chris. 4 May, 1596. Hwyfa, chris. (?) Feb., 1599. Rhys Haniner=j= L r • . i David ap Rhys, bur. 19 Oct., 1591=j=Elen verch Owen. ! Edward, chris. 4 Robert, chris. Margaret, chris. 8 Nov., Meredyth, chris. Jan., 1566. Gos- 4 Nov., 1577. 1571. Gossipps, David 3 Aug., 1580. sipps, Elward ap Eyton, Margaret verch David, Edward up Meredyth, David, and Katheriue, verch Roger. Hanmer, and [blank] verch Howell. Buried 2 Nov., 1605. The last entry of the Hanmers of St.Martyns is "Eliza- beth, daughter of Nicholas ap John Hanmer of St. Mar- tyns, by Cicelia his wife, was chris. 27 February, 1602/' There is one entry from Llangollen, " Grayce the daughter of Hughe ap Thomas Hanmer andElnor,his wife beinge of Llangollen Parish, was chris. 23 Aprill, 1633." I cannot identify " Margarett Hanmer, the wife of Richard Hanmer, buried 13 September, 1650." We now come to the Hanmers of Pentre David. One Thomas Hanmer " Sonne to William Hanmer, gent., late of Lee," was living there in 1653 — or earlier if, as is probable, he was the Thomas Hanmer who signs the Register as Churchwarden in 1648. We read of his three sons — " Roger, the son of Thomas Hanmer, gent, by Katheriue his wife, was chris. 16 March, 1653." 4< Thomas, the son of Thomas Hanmer, gent., by 1 Aloa vordi John Thomas Vachan of St. Martyns, was chris. 0 Sop., 1507. Gossipps, Thomas Vachan, Ales vorch Richard, ami [blank.] 28 SELATTYN I A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Katherine his wife, was chris. 24 April, 1656." He was buried " 17 March, 1665." " William, the son of Thomas Hanmer, gent., by Katherine his wife, was chris. 21 April, 1659." He was buried 10 November, 1665. It would be interesting to know if this was the Thomas Hanmer who was so active on the Kings side in the Civil War, and of whom we read in the " Civil War letters of the Earl of Denbigh." It is most pro- bable, as there was no Thomas Hanmer of Pentrepant, living at that date. m " The Committee of Oswestry, July 13, 1644, respec- ting Mr. Thomas Hanmer, a very active man against the Parliament, and who as they advise should be kept prisoner until he either ransom himself or be released by way of exchange."1 He was evidently feared by therebels,having taken him prisoner, they thought it better to keep him in custody. " Col. Mitton, Wem, July 14, 1644." 11 The Committee refuse to set Mr. Hanmer at liberty for a month to settle his affairs."1 Mr. Thomas Hanmer of Pentre David, was buried 24 July, 1666, at Selattyn, as testified by the Register, and by the wooden shield in the Church. His arms upon this shield differ from those of Llewelyn Aurdochog, which were borne by the Hanmers of Pentrepant, but are the same as the Hanmers of Hanmer. (Arg. Two Lions passant guardant, az.) lloger, the eldest and only surviving son of Thomas Hanmer of Pentre David, was Burgess of Oswestry at the time of Charles II., Charter A.D., 1673.2 He married Mrs. Margaret Lloyd of Whittington, at Whit- tington Church, 20 April, 1675. She was the daughter 1 4th Report of Royal Commission on Hist. MSS., Appen. ii. 2 Amongst the records of Oswestry is " A Booke conteyning the names of Country gent', p'sons of note & qualytie, with the sumes of money ment'ed yt each of them payd towards renewing of our Charter, A. P., 1073, these being Burgesses of the towno of Oswestry in Cotnitatu Salop — SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 29 of Thos. Lloyd of Aston, and of Sarah Albanie his wife, and was chris. 31 May, 1654, at Fernhill (Whittington parish), whex^e her father was then living. The children of Roger Hanmer=r=Margaret Lloyd, were Thomas, chris. Richard, chris, John, chris. Selattyn, 21 Roger, born 5 Selattyn, 1 Oct., Selattyn, 12 Sep., 1683, buried there Dec, chris. 1679. Sep., 1680. 27 Oct., 1683. Selattyn, 6 Dec, 1686. Sarah, chris. at Elizabeth, chris. Frances, chris. Selattyn, Katherine, born Aston, 7 Jan., Selattyn, 3 Aug., 7 Dec, 1684, bur. 8 Nov, and bap. 6 May, 1675. 1677. 1690. 1688. It will be noticed that Sarah, the eldest of them was christened at Aston. I think it must be her marriage, and that of her sister Elizabeth, which are recorded in Whittington Register thus — • " William Lee of the Parish of Lee in Cheshire, and Sarah Hanmer of the Parish of Syllatin, were married 21 December, 1700." " Richard Owen of the Parish of Great Ness, and Elizabeth Hanmer of the Parish of Salatin, were married 17 August, 1713." Their eldest brother, Thomas Hanmer, must have been the Rector of Selattyn 1719-1749. He was Chap- lain to Robert Lloyd of Aston, Lord of the Manor, and Patron of the Rectory of Selattyn, and was his first cousin. It was therefore very natural that he should have presented him to the living. Selattyn Register testifies to the relationship between the Rector of Selattyn and the Leighs, in the fact that PORKINGTON. PaNTGLAS. Wm. Owon, Esq., 02 10 Tho. Edwards ... xx 00 08 Mr. John Hanmer of Pontre- Morris Lewis ... xx 00 08 pant, 01 00 Edward ap Thomas xx 00 08 Mr. Roger Hanmer of Pentre- Rich. Edwards ... xx 00 01 David (no sum given) Lewis Edwards ... xx 00 01 Tho. Davies of Vron 00 05 Tho. Hughes ... 00.05 Meredith Lloyd ... 00 02 30 SELATTYN I A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. " Mrs. Sarah Leigh, niece to Mr. Hanmer, died at the Parsonage house of Selattyn, on ye 20th of November, 1740, and was buried under the pulpitt the 22nd day, at 9 o'clock in the evening." She must have been a daughter of William Leigh and Sarah Hanmer. Roger Hanmer of Pentre David, was buried at Selat- tyn 14 April, 1705, 1 and his wife Margarett, 6 July,1706. There are two farmhouses at the present time named Pentre David in Selattyn Parish, one belongs to the Pentrepant, the other to the Brogyntyn Estate. We now come to some Hanmers of Oswestry, who were probably kinsmen. " Charles, the son of Mr. Charles Hanmer of Oswes- try, buried 24 December, 1693," at Selattyn. ' 1 Richard, son of Mr. Charles Hanmer of Oswestry, buried 14 January, 1693," at Selattyn. " Elizabeth Hanmer ye daughter of Mr. Charles Hanmer2 and Judith his wife, was baptized the 6th November, 1694," at Selattyn. The last two Hanmer entries I am quite unable to identify, they could hardly have been children of the Rector, or the fact would have been stated ; and the Pentrepant line had ended in an heiress 26 years before. They stand thus — "Thomas, son of Thomas Hanmer by Elizabeth his wife, baptized 14 September, 1746," and " John, son of Thomas Hanmer by Elizabeth his wife, baptized on Good Friday, 8th April, 1748." Their parents probably were " Thomas Hanmer and Elizabeth Paddock of Whittington Parish, were married 6 November, 1745, "3 and may have been descendants of " Edwarde Hanmer, gentleman, of Evenall, was buried this last day of Feb., 1604," at Whittington.3 1 There was another Roger Hanmer buried 24 June, 1695, and Catherine, daughter of Mr. Roger Hanmer, was buried 29 April, 1682. 2 Perhaps Charles Hanmer was the third son of John Hanmer of Pen- trepant, and Dorothy Phillips, his wife, who was born in 1660, in which case Elizabeth wab the wife of Hugh Morgan of Bottws, Co. Radnor. 3 Whittington Register. There is also an entry at Whittington of the marriage of Catherine Hanmer of Evenall, with John Sowdley of Sowdlcy, 18 Feb., 1603. 31 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE BIRDS. By WILLIAM E. BECKWITH. Continued from p. 198, 2nd Series, Vol. IV. Part III. SWALLOW, Hirundo rustica. The Swallows and Martins gliding through the air, like the Wagtails which brighten our fields, delight us with their grace- ful elegance ; and, by their winning gentle ways, gain themselves friends, even among those who care little for other birds. At the same time it is curious that, with regard to such universal favourites, so few people should discriminate between the three kinds, but should term them all indifferently Swallows. Each species, however, exhibits, even to the ordinary observer, very marked distinctions ; and these, not only in form and plumage, but also in manner of flight. Let any one desirous of distinguishing them take his stand upon some bridge over a river, or large brook, on a warm sunny day in May ; the three kinds will soon pass underneath, and can thus be easily recog- nised. The Swallow, with its steel blue back, long wings, and deeply forked tail, floats along close to the surface of the water, its plumage glistening in the sunshine, as it turns again and again up and down the stream ; or, rising in the air, displays its chestnut and black throat. The House Martin, with shorter wings and tail less forked, pursues a more even course higher in the air; and now half hovering, reveals the pure white of its under parts, or descending, shows the white rump and tail coverts which form a conspicuous patch upon its back. The Sand Martin, again, clad in mouse colour above and white beneath, with uncertain wavering flight, more like that of a butter- fit will be kuown to our readers that the able author of these " Notes " is no more, having died the 1st July, 1892, after only two days' illness, at his residence, Radbrook House, Shrewsbury, He had been engaged from a boy in the .study of birds, moie particularly those of his native county, and exhibited scrupulous care in verifying every fact that came to his knowledge. His first contribution to these 'J 'ransactions was printed in Vol. 1., and continued in Vols IV, X., XI., and in the New Series, Vols. I., IX, III., and IV. His sister, Miss Hockwith, has kindly sent us all the MS. ho had prepared ft.r the Press previous to his lamented death, which completes his " Notes " as far as the Black (Jrouse {Tctrao tatrix).— Km roits,] Vol.. V., 2nd S. 15 32 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. fly than a bird, is seen now high, now low, as it wings its erratic course, at one moment over the water, at the next across the fields. A few such exercises in observation offer a capital train- ing for the eye, and prepare the observer to identify different species at a glance, without being aided by note or song. The Swallow prefers to build either in a chimney or under some kind of roof. When its nest is attached to a Avail or beam, it is partly circular, and strongly built ; but, if placed upon a sup- port, where it has little weight to bear, it is slight and saucer- shaped in form. For two summers a pair of Swallows built in a fowl-house at Radbrook, near Shrewsbury ; where, as the only entrance was by the door, they were locked up from 7 o'clock in the evening till the following morning, and yet, notwithstanding this tem- porary imprisonment, both old and young returned there to roost. HOUSE MARTIN, Hirundo urbica. With many people the House Martin is even a greater favourite than the Swallow ; for its chaste plumage delights the eye, and its innocent ways, as it toys and feeds around our houses, endear it to everyone. Soon after its arrival, the nest is commenced, a dot of mud is fixed on some wall just under the overhanging eaves ; and, should the weather be favourable, a mud tenement is soon com- pleted, which, in the case of this bird as well as that of the Swallow, is tempered and cemented together with their saliva. Warm showery days are the most favourable for building in ; as, in dry weather, the mud has to be carried from a distance, and in wet weather, tho lower parts do not harden. If, there- fore, the nest is proceded with too quickly, the whole structure collapses. A curious and perilous site for these birds to occupy when build- ing, is that against the beams of the bridge over the Severn at Cressago ; for, as tho whole structure is composed of wood, the vibration from heavy vehicles passing over often sends a nest into the river. Few birds, too, are reared in a more aerial situation than the young Martins which arc brought up underneath the square block of stone that supports Lord Hill's statue in Shrewsbury ; the nests in this case being about 1 1 G feet from the ground. When the House Sparrow takes possession of the poor Martin's nest, tho robbery soon becomes apparent from the Sparrow's leaving sundry pieces of straw, grass, or shreds, hanging out of the entrance hole. In this case it is best to leave them in quiet possession, until their young are nearly ready to fly, or they will only usurp another nest ; and then, by pushing a polo through the bottom, Martin's nest and dying Sparrows aru BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 33 brought tumbling down together. It is often asserted that, when the time for migration arrives, Martins desert their unfledged young ones, and leave them to perish. If this is the case, it is a curious instance of migratory instinct overcoming maternal affection ; but, probably, it is only after the young have died, either from cold or insufficient food, that the old ones leave them. With respect to this subject, I have mado the following memo- randa. On the 15th September, 1882, I noticed that two pairs of Martins had ceased to visit their nests ; and, upon their being examined, the young were found to have been dead for some time. On the 17th September, 1883, out of six nests that were examined, four contained live birds, and two contained dead ones. On the 19th September, 1884, out of eight nests that were examined, three contained live birds ; three, dead ones ; and two, eggs. Finally, on the 17th September, 1886, three Martins' nests contained dead young ones. Now, as, with regard to these nineteen nests, there were dead young ones in ten of them before the usual time for the parents' departure, the fatality among late broods, in some instances at least, must be attributed to causes such as I have mentioned, and not altogether to the old ones' desertion. White varieties of the House Martin are not very uncommon. The late Edmund D. M. Wright sent a notice to the Field, for August 12th, 1865, of a pure white one, " without a tinge of any other colour," which had been shot at Halston, near Oswestry, on the 18th July ; and in September, 1891, a young one purely white was caught in Shrewsbury. SAND-MARTIN, Hirundo ripana. Although, from the nature of its breeding-places, the Sand Martin is restricted during summer to certain districts, it is in Shropshire far more numerous as a species than either the Swallow or the House-Martin. This is, however, principally due to the ample nesting-sites afforded by the banks of the Sevcni, which for nearly seventy miles winds through the county ; while the limestone cliffs along Wenlock Edge, the soft sandstone rocks about Bridgnorth and Shifnal, together with innumerable rail- way cuttings and gravel pits, arc all resorted to by these birds. By nature gregarious, the Sand-Martin is plentiful or otherwise as it finds accommodation for building ; and sometimes a large number of pairs, sometimes only a few, breed together. It is a pretty sight to watch a colony of these birds in April, busily engaged in boring their nest-holes in the face of a perpen- dicular bank. Some are just beginning to pick away the surface, others are half hidden from view, while here and there a stream Of trickling sand shows that invisible workers are tunnelling deeper still. The holes thus produced vary a good deal both in BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. length and shape, but are, for the most part, from a foot to thirty inches long, and with a slight upward slope ; the entrance at first being as circular as if marked with compasses, but soon becoming worn and irregular. The birds seem able to judge from the character of the surface where to begin to bore ; for, if the bank be carefully examined, numerous marks of their tiny bills, and shallow holes, show that various spots had been tried before one was finally selected. The nest, which is pretty, but very slight, consists of a few bents of grass lined with feathers from waterfowl ; it usually, as well as the young ones and the hole, swarms with fleas. When near villages, the Sparrow takes possession of the Sand- Martin's nest, as it does of that of the House-Martin, and in more remote places the Tree-Sparrow makes use of its industry ; but the greatest enemy to the poor bird is the Weasel, which climbs from hole to hole, and devours both eggs and young ones. The Sand-Martin is one of our earliest summer visitors, and is usually to be seen by the 25th March ; it also leaves early, and is generally gone by the end of August. Nor do stragglers often remain behind as is the case with Swallows and House-Martins ; although Mr. C. R. Gawen informs me that, in 1877, he saw a solitary specimen on the 16th October, at Chetwynd, near Newport. On its arrival, this bird seems to seek certain localities ; and the broad waterway of the Severn above Atcham, is one of its earliest resorts. In early spring, it frequents in considerable numbers, the meres and large pools in North Shropshire ; but, as their banks arc unsuitable for building in, they are mostly deserted till the breeding season is over, when both old and young birds again visit them. During the time it is nesting, the Sand-Martin docs not stray far, except to some stream or pool ; for it is much more partial to the vicinity of water than the other species. The tiny Sand-Martin is a bird of singularly wide distribution, not only in the Old, but also in the New World. Wilson, in his American Ornithology, says : — " This bird appears to be in nothing different from the European species"; and describes its nest as composed of " a little fine dry grass with a few large downy feathers " — a description that would exactly suit many of our English nests. Professor Spencer Fullerton JSaird, in his Birds of Nortk America, states that " this species is sup- posed by most authors to be identical with the European Bank Swallow, careful comparisons having hitherto failed to exhibit any tangible diUerenco " ; and, he adds that "it furnishes almost a solitary instance among land birds, of the same species inhabi- ting both continents permanently, and not as an accidental or occasional visitor to cither." Professor Newtor, again, asserts that " few species of birds have a range so extensive as the BIRt>S Of SHROPSHIRE. 35 Sand-Martin, and certainly there is no Passerine bird which can compare with it in this respect." In rainy and inclement springs, all the Swallow tribe suffer dreadfully ; and in that of 1886, which was remarkably cold and wet, they were picked up dead or dying in many places. On the 2(Jth April, when walking by the Severn, I found several large Hocks of Sand-Martins intermingled with a few Swallows and House-Martins sitting upon the pebbles, so benumbed with cold, that after Hying a few yards they a^ain settleiUimund me. SWIFT, Cypselus apus. ISJX^^M1 Of all our summer visitors the Swift remains with us for the shortest time, as some days of May have passed before its arrival is general, and the first stormy or windy weather in August causes a perceptible diminution in its numbers ; whilo by the middle of that month most of the birds have departed. The earliest and latest dates I have of the Swift's arrival and departure arc the 20th April, 1874, when I saw one at Eaton Constantine ; and the 2nd October, 1886, when the Rev. Robert Steavenson saw two at Acton Burnell. The Rev. J. B. Meredith has also seen the Swift near Kinnerley on the 21st April and the 18th September respectively. The autumn of 1891 was notable for the late stay of these birds. 1 saw them in numbers about Shrewsbury on the 25th and 26th, and a few after a heavy storm on the 27th August ; and, besides these, Mr. E. S. Cobbold noticed several near Craven Arms and Broome on the 1st September, a date upon which I saw two near Cressage, in 1876. No bird is better known than the Jack Squealer ; for it is every- where to be seen, cither lLawking for insects or uniting in parties sweeping round and round their nesting places, and uttering shrill but joyous cries. It has always been a mystery to me where all our Swifts breed, for though space is as nothing to birds of such powers of flight, and their rapid wings carry them many miles in a few minutes, their resting-places, except in towns, are so few and widely dis- persed, that it is difficult to conceive where they all find room. Although they prefer to build in church towers, ruins, or other lofty buildings, they will sometimes content themselves with holes under a low cottage roof. These birds no doubt return to the same place year after year, for a house, which they inhabited at Eaton Constantine, having been repaired during their absence, they tried day after day to find their accustomed entrance; and, in Our Summer Migrants, Mr. ,J. K. Hurting states* that certain birds which had been marked by having their claws cut, were caught the following year in the holes from which they had first been taken. Swifts sometimes, too, though rarely, choose natural sites to build in. Mr. J. B. Newnham informed 36 BIRDS OF SHR0PSH1KK, Mr. Paddock that he believed they bred in holes in a rock on the Longmynds ; and I have seen them going in and out of the fissures in the perpendicular face of the High Rock near Bridgnorth. A nest which was taken from a loft at Meole Brace on June 4, 1886, resembled a shallow saucer, composed outwardly of short pieces of grass and straw strongly cemented together with a glutinous secretion from the birds themselves, and lined with a few small feathers. This nest contained three eggs, which is not an unusual number, though Gilbert White says the Swift never lays more than two. After carefully watching these birds going into their nest-holes, I have never succeeded in seeing them carry in any building materials, and they probably, therefore, make use of those collected by sparrows. In his Birds of Northumberland and Durham, Hancock thus relates a curious experience of his attempt to obtain some Swift's eggs : — " It also built," he says, " in Sunley Castle, on the Wear, and being anxious to obtain its eggs I watched an individual enter a hole in the parapet several times, and was astonished, on ascending the building and capturing the bird, as I supposed on its nest, to find that this contained only Sparrow's eggs. This incident clearly shows what caution is necessary in identifying the eggs of birds. Had I not previously known the eggs of the Swift I might have asserted that these eggs belonged to it, for I had seen the bird enter the nest several times, and had taken it oft* the eggs." No birds more dislike cold stormy weather or delight more in hot sultry days than Swifts ; before thunder, especially, numbers of them assemble, and, dashing through the air, scream in shrill concert as if they revelled in the approaching storm. In fine calm weather in June and July Swifts have a curious habit, towards dusk, of ascending to a great height in the air, where they sail about till darkness sets in, and then drop down quickly and silently into their roosting places. The cold wet spring of 1886 was as fatal to Swifts as to Swallows, numbers of the former having been picked up in an exhausted condition. During this spring I was, however, able to prove the fallacy of a commonly received opinion, that Swifts cannot rise from the ground. For, in the course of the season, eleven half-benumbed birds were brought to me at different times, and, after keeping them in a warm room, I put some on a level piece of grass, and others on a flat walk, when all of them, giving a short run, darted into the air. NUU1TJAR, Caprimulgus Europoeui. The Nightjar is the only one of our summer visitors that is altogether nocturnal, or rather crepuscular, in its habits ; as, unless disturbed, it rarely moves until the close of day, nor are BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 37 its loud jarring notes heard till twilight sets in. At dusk it may be seen flitting owl-like along woodland glades and road- ways, or wheeling round and round a tree in its search for night-flying insects ; while now and then it alights on some branch, rock, or stone, to utter its peculiar churring song. In North Shropshire this is a common bird about the Wrekin ; and it frequents the numerous mosses and open woods round Wem, Whitchurch, and Ellcsmere, besides, as mentioned by Rocko, the confines of Hawkstone Park. On many of the low hills and smaller mosses one or two pairs are also usually to be found ; for, though Mr. Paddock considers that its numbers are decreasing in the neighbourhood of New- port, and the inroads of cultivation are circumscribing its haunts in other places, in this district the bird still occurs where there is any extent of gorse, heather, or fern. In the south the wooded hills and heathery moorlands so well accord with the Nightjar's tastes, that it is very generally distributed throughout that portion of the county. This bird lays its beautifully marbled eggs, which are never more than two in number, upon the bare ground, among briars or fern, without the slightest attempt at a nest. Upon these eggs the hen sits so closely that she may almost be trodden upon before rising, and both birds show great attachment to their young, flying in broad daylight about the intruder, uttering a sharp squeaking cry, or alighting, emitting several short angry churrs. This bird, too, on rising makes a kind of clicking sound by smiting its wings together. The Nightjar does not usually arrive till the end of April or the beginning of May, and the young birds sometimes remain till late in the season. One was sent to me that had been killed on Charlton Hill, on the 23rd September, 1876 ; another that had been obtained at Cressage, on the 9th October, 1882; and in the Shrewsbury Chronicle for the 25th November, 1887, there was a notice of one having been killed the previous week in North Wales. When perching, this is a most difficult bird tc see ; as, instead of sitting across a branch, as most birds do, the Nightjar crouches along it horizontally, and so looks like a piece of bark. Although, from its purely insectivorous habits, this is a very useful bird, gamekeepers destroy it on the supposition that it is a kind of hawk or owl. The Nightjar, like the Swallow and many other birds, probably returns year after year to breed in the same place. In some gorsey fields near the Wrekin there used to be three or four broods every summer, usually within a few yards of the same spot ; ami 1 have constantly found the eggs of this bird in some small mosses near Kllesmere. It has a curious habit of dropping down on a road or pathway, and staying there until it is approached, when it suddenly rises 38 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. and again alights further on. This is probably done to draw attontion from its mate or its young ; but it may also be that it likes to dust itself. RING DOVE, Columba palumbus. The Quice, as it is commonly called in Shropshire — being also known in the North as the queest, or cushat — has derived a two fold advantage from the preservation of game. For now not only arc its winged enemies almost exterminated, but the covers dedicated to the Pheasant afford it secure breeding-places. Its increase has been in consequence very rapid, and the damage done to agriculture by this bird is quite beyond calculation, It is at present so plentiful, indeed, that flocks are frequently to be seen throughout the summer months, the result of many pairs resorting to some one favourite feeding-place. Among fields of peas and vetches, Ring Doves are especially destructive ; as, from the time the crops come up until they are harvested, these birds eat first the young shoots, then the tender leaves and flowers, and finally the ripening pods. Among grain, too, that has been laid by storms it commits vast havoc. In winter, it also eats the leaves of turnips, and thereby exposes the bulbs to the frost ; besides which it feeds upon the young clover buds, and thus injures the growth of the plant. And both in spring and autumn, Wood-pigeons take all kinds of newly sown grain, but, as they do not stock or scratch it up, and content themselves with what they find upon the surface, the harm they do in this way is not very great. Against all this mischief, however, it is to be remembered that those birds feed eagerly on the seeds of the Charlock or Kedlock (S. arvensis), of the various kinds of Persicaria (Polygonum), and on those of the Creeping Soft Grass (Holens mollis), and many other weeds which are troublesome and difficult to eradicate in arable land. In the Field for July 17th, 1886, there appeared from a corres- pondent signing himself " Tantara," a " plea for the Wood- pigeon." The animosity he had once entertained against the bird as an enemy to the farmer, to bo destroyed at all times and by all means, had given way before the fact that he had just killed a bird which had been feeding largely on the seeds of tho Buttercup (Ranunculus) — now known, in spite oi sentiment, to be a noxious " weed taking up the ground that should be occupied by valuable grasses." In the next issue of the Field Mr. H. F. Tubb of Prince's Street, Birmingham, fortified " Tantara's " accusation of the buttercup, and his defence of the Woodpigeon. " Wood pigeons," Mr. Tubb added, "are quite stupid in observing objects on the ground when in the thiek standing buttercups on the pastures. I have watched thorn many a ti.no within ten yards of mo picking the .seeds, and have killed four at a shot on BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 39 the ground by waiting and getting them in a line, and another vvitli the left barrel after they have risen. Anyone may have good sport at this time of year where there are Woodpigeons and buttercups in the pastures." It is, probably, this diet of butter- cups which causes the bitter taste that the flesh of the Wood- pigeon acquires during the summer months. In summer, the Wood-pigeon is also very fond of the expanding leaves of the Ash, and of the galls or spangles which ;ire pro- duced by Neuroterus lentioularis on the leaves of the Oak. In autumn, it feeds greedily on acorns and beech-nuts, and when these fail, it eats Ivy berries, and sometimes those of the Hawthorn and Holly. The Woodpigeon breeds early and late, rearing two if not three broods in a season, for its eggs are to be found in April, and unfledged young ones in October ; while Mr. J. B. Salter sent me a bird, with a good deal of nestling down still upon it which had been shot near Hanwood, on the 25th November, 1887. From being wild and shy in winter, the Ring Dove, as soon as the breeding season approaches, becomes familiar, and frequently builds in shrubberrics. Its nest, which is so flat that the old bird, if frightened off, frequently knocks an egg down, is built among ivy growing against trees, in thick hedges and bushes, and in fir trees, but seldom more than 25 feet from the ground ; the deserted dreys of Squirrels and old nests of birds being often used as a foundation upon which to place the few small sticks of which it consists. As an article of food Woodpigeons are in considerable request during the winter months, and meet with a ready sale at from 9d. to Is. apiece. About the middle of October, migratory Ring Doves begin to arrive, and in November and December, immense flocks frequently appear. About the Wrekin, in seasons when acorns or beech- nuts are plentiful, flocks of five or six hundred, or even more, stay for weeks ; but at other times they soon pass on. Neither do so many come when such like food has failed. This was very remarkable about Oopthornc, near Shrewsbury, in the winters of 1889-90 and 1890-91, when large flocks were daily to be seen ; whilst in that of 1891-2, when there was a dearth of both acorns and beechnuts, very few birds appeared. Should snow fall and prevent these Pigeons obtaining other food, they resort in countless numbers to turnip fields, where they eat off the leaves, preferring those of the Swede to the leaves of tho common turnip. The migrants in question are chiefly birds of tho year, having the ring on the neck small and not fully developed ; they are also generally darker in plumage than our home-bred birds. They return from the south in March and April, when they ol'lcn tarry to food upon flu; spring-sown grain. Writing Vol. V, 2nd S, ? 40 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. to me in 1888, Mr. Ruddy says that he has been told that the Woodpigeon takes currants, and the Rev. J. B. Meredith states that it takes Loth currants and peas from gardens ; but at Radbrook, where several pairs breed, I have never found them damage anything except broccoli and cabbage, and even these chielly under stress of severe weather. In spring and during the breeding season there fine Pigeons often play in the air, rising and falling with set wings in a succession of elegant and varied undulations. STOCK DOVE, Columba uEnas. Although this is not so abundant a species as the Ring Dove, it is common, and very generally distributed ; being found in winter either with flocks of the latter bird, or in separate parties of from twelve to forty together. The Stock Dove is a much more sociable bird, however, than the Woodpigeon, often breeding close to houses, and occasionally in buildings. Its nesting-places are very varied, for, though holes cither in trees, rocks on hillsides, cliffs, and -banks of streams, are generally chosen, it often builds in ruins, or, like a Wood- pigeon, in ivy against a tree. On the treeless hills in the south- west part of the county, it sometimes lays upon the ground under a thick gorse-bush. When it lays in holes, a very slight nest is made with a little grass and one or two feathers ; and sometimes there is no nest at all. When, however, it builds in ivy, the nest cannot be told from that of a Woodpigeon, or the eggs identified without the old bird being seen. The Stock Dove probably breeds twice, if not three times, in the year ; as 1 have found its eggs slightly incubated on the 3rd April, and young ones unable to fly on the 29th September. With this bird and the Ring Dove, both sexes take their share in the duties of incubation ; and I have known instances where, the one parent having been killed, the young have been reared by the survivor. The Stock Dove breeds in great numbers in the cracks and fissures in the limestone rocks along Wenlock Edge, and in like places in the sandstone rocks about Bridgnorth. Its fond- ness for building in holes also leads it to frequent the banks of the Severn, where it breeds in rabbit-burrows, in parks where old trees are allowed to stand, and the sides of streams, such as she Worfe, that abound in pollard willows. This habit, indeed, of breeding in the trunks or stocks of trees, gains the bird its common English name; for it is not, as is often supposed, the progenitor of the domestic Pigeon. Even at the present day the two birds dillcr in this essential habit ; that, while the Stock Dove is an arboreal species, the Dovecote Pigeon rarely alights in trees. The Stock Dove may also be known at a glance from BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 41 the Ring Dove by its smaller size, and the entire absence of white from its plumage. In the matter of food the Stock Dove somewhat resembles the Ring Dove, but it is less harmful and much more useful, for it prefers the seeds of the Kedlock (*S*. arvmsis) and other weeds to pulse or grain. On the 5th February, 1875, 1 saw nearly lifty birds of this species feeding in a clover held at Eaton Constan- tino ; and on shooting some of them, found their craws crammed with seeds of Kedlock and Lakeweed (Persicaria) mixed with a very little clover. The Stock Dove is very common around Shrewsbury, breeding in considerable numbers within a few miles of the town. In the Catalogue of the Hawkstone Museum, it is stated that the Rock Dove (C. tivia) had been known to breed in the Park ; but Henry Shaw, the compiler of the Catalogue, told me that the birds referred to were either Stock Doves or tame Pigeons, and that he did not know the true Rock Dove as a Shropshire bird. The assertion that the Rock Dove breeds along Wenlock Edge is also attributable to mistaking the Stoek Dove for it. The two birds are easily distinguishable, the Stock Dove having no white upon it, while the Rock Dove has a pure white patch upon its rump. Mr. Thomas Ruddy tells me that the Stock Dove is plentiful, and that the Turtle Dove is generally distributed in Merioneth- shire. TURTLE DOVE, Columba turtur. Like the Woodpigeon, this pretty little Dove has found a good friend in the game-preserver ; and has so greatly increased in numbers that in autumn it is no uncommon sight to see flocks of tifty, or even more, on stubbles and fallow fields. Unlike the last two species, however, the Turtle Dove does a great deal of good, and very little harm, as it feeds principally upon the seeds of weeds, though occasionally it takes newly sown turnip seed ripening peas, and grain. Some years ago, a farmer having asked me to shoot the Pigeons out of his peas, 1 shot live Turtle Doves which rose from among them, and were, I supposed, eating them. On opening the craws of the birds, however, I found them tilled with Kedlock and other seeds, only two of them containing a few peas. The Turtle Dove is a summer visitor to this country, arriving in Shropshire to- wards the end of April, and leaving in September. During the interval between these months it probably rears two broods, as I have found nests in May, June, July, and August, and a young bird that had just flown was brought to me on the 18th September, 1874. The nest, which is very slight, is com- posed chiefly of fibrous roots, with a few thin twigs for a foundation. Jt is usually placed in a thick hedge or bush, or in 42 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. a low fir tree, and is very rarely built more than ten or eleven feet from the ground. Mr. A. G. More, in his paper On the Distribution of Birds in Great Britain during the Nesting Season, states that this is a rare species in Shropshire ; but for the last forty years, or even more— as Eyton, writing in 1838, said that it bred in Shropshire — this bird lias been a well-known visitor. Rockc, who wrote in 18G6, says: — "Plentiful in this county, where it takes its provincial name of the 'Wrekin Dove,' from the celebrated Shropshire hill. They were peculiarly abundant this summer in this district, and 1 knew of a great many nests. About August they congregate in considerable flocks in the fields, like the Ring Dove ; I have seen fifteen or twenty at one time upon the wing." Mr. Howard Saunders, who edited the last two volumes of the fourth edition of Yarrell's Birds, says that " Shropshire, especially between Shrewsbury and Ludlow, seems to be a favourite district." This is certainly the case ; for, besides the abundance of hilly woods in which the Turtle Dove breeds, a great portion of the cultivated ground in the part of the county referred to reaches up the hill sides, where the crops are light and the weeds plentiful, thus affording this bird an ample supply of food. When staying at Church Stretton in the months of July and August, 1889, I frequently remarked the number of Stock Doves and Turtle Doves which were constantly flying out of these weedy fields. The Turtle Dove is, however, a common species, and is very evenly distributed throughout the county. In the summers of 1889, 181)0, 1891, and 1892, the Ring Dove, the Stock Dove, and the Turtle Dove, all bred in the grounds of liadbrook House, little more than a mile from Shrewsbury. PHEASANT, Phasianus colchicus. Originally introduced from the East, it seems a matter of little doubt that this most beautiful bird was brought to England much earlier than is generally supposed. The following extracts from the fourth edition of Yarrell's British Birds are conclusive as to the date. Mr. Howard Saunders, who edited the third and fourth volumes, says : ■ -" Upon (his point Professor Boyd Dawkins has contributed the following: — ' It may interest your readers to know that the most ancient record of the occurrence of the Pheasant in Great Britain is to be found in the tract " De inventione Sanctu) Crueis uostno in Monte Actito ct de ductione ejusdem apud Waltham," edited from Manuscripts in the British Museum by Professor Stubbs, find published in 1801. The bill of fare drawn up by Harold for the Canon's household of from six (o seven persons, A.D. 1059, and preserved in a Manuscript ol* the date of circa 1177, was as follows: — " Erant autem tales pitanfue unicuique canonico : a festo Sancti Michael is ad caput BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 43 jejuni! [Ash Wednesday] aut xii merulie, aut ii agansea) [Agacc, a Magpie ? Ducange] aut ii perdices, aut unus phasianus, reliqnis temporibus aut ancSc [Cccse : Ducange] aut gallhue." Now the point of the passage is that it shows that Phasianus colchicus had beeome naturalized in England before the Norman Invasion; and as the English and Danes were not the introducers of strange animals in any well-authenticated ease, it offers fair presumptive evidence that it was introduced by the Roman conquerors, who naturalized the Fallow Deer in Britain.'" Mr. Howard Saunders also tells us that according to Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum, "at the commencement of the reign of Henry 1. (A.D. 1 100) licence was given to the Abbot of Amesbury to kill Hares and Pheasants ; and according to Echard's History of England, in A.D. 1299, during the reign of Edward I., the priec of a Pheasant was fourpence ; the value of a Mallard being three halfpence, a Plover one penny, and a couple of Woodcocks three halfpence." Leland also, in his account of the enthroniza- tion of George Nevill, Archbishop of York, in the sixth year of the reign of Edward IV., states that two hundred " fessauntes " were served with other meats, so that by this time the edible qualities of the bird had become well appreciated, in the Regulations and Establishment of the Household of the fifth Earl of Northumberland, which were commenced in the year 1512, the following prices paid for birds for the table contrast strangely not only in value, but in estimation, with those of the present day: — Cranes, lGd., Herons, 12d., Woodcocks, Id. or lid., Sea (lulls, Id. or 1-Jd., Quails, 2d., Snipes, -Id. a dozen, Park ridges, 2d., Bitterns," 1 2d., Pheasants, 1 2d., Mallards, 2d., Teal, Id., Stints, 2d. a dozen, Lapwings, Id., Redshanks, l|d., Curlews, 12d. The first mention I find of the Pheasant in Shropshire is in the Kytchin Booh of Mr. Talbot, of Longford, published in these Transactions for 1877, and covering the period from the 22nd December, 157G, to the 2nd March, 1577, where the entry occurs for Christinas day, " flesants taken v.," that is, birds given out of the larder for cooking. In this country the Pheasant inhabits all kinds of woodlands, whether high or low, the rough banks of dingles, brakes of gorse, and the sedgy margins of pools; and, in short, finds its home wherever there is cover for it to hide in or to run to for safety. Its native haunts, however, appear to be wet marshy places; for, to quote again from Yarrell, the Editor tells us : — " Roth the generic and specific names of the Bheasant are due to the mythological tradition which attributes to Jason and his Argo- nauts till! introduction of the bird from the banks of the river Bhasis, in Colchis. 'This classic st ream is (lie modern Bion, which finds its way into the Black Sea near the town of Boti, whence the railway now runs to Tiflis, the capital of the Caucasus ; and 44 BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. in its unhealthy swamps the descendants of the original stock are still to be found in all their purity. The head-quarters of this Pheasant appear to be the marshy forests of the shores of the Caspian Sea, as far east as the river Gurgan, near Astrabad ; the river valleys of the Caucasus, especially the Terek and Goulak up to 3,000 feet elevation ; the neighbourhood of Astrak- han ; and the northern portions of Asia Minor which border on the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmora, particularly near Kroussa." In the vicinity of woods where it is strictly preserved, the Pheasant does a great deal of damage to crops of pulse and grain, both at seed-time and during the season of ripening ; but where it is not too abundant, the good it does exceeds the mischief, as it eagerly searches for the grubs of the Daddy Long- legs and those of the Click Beetles (Elateridce), commonly ealled Wireworms, besides snails and slugs. On examining the craws of Pheasants killed about the Wrekin, 1 have frequently found that the birds had been feeding entirely upon larvie and beetles. In a letter to the Field for October 27, 1888, Mr. W. B. Teget- meier also gives another article of diet ; for, after noticing that Mr. J. E. Harting had found a Slow Worm (Anguis fragilis) in a Pheasant's crop, he relates how eight young Adders or Vipers ( Vipera berus) were taken from the crop of one by Mr. J. B. Footner, near Tunbridge Wells. In autumn, Pheasants eat Blackberries and Whinberries ( Vaccinium) greedily. Beechnuts arc also largely consumed by them, and every keeper knows how dilhcult it is to prevent them, especially the cocks, from straying along hedges in search of acorns. Besides these, they consume quantities of the seed of that troublesome weed, the Wild Buck- wheat (Polygonum fagopyrum). It is often asserted that a supply of water is absolutely necessary for Pheasant chicks ; but two or three broods arc usually reared round the summit of the Wrekin, where there is no water nearer than the bottom of the hill. In cold wet summers and autumns the young birds sutler severely from some form of diarrhoea, which renders them so weak that they cannot fly, and which in most cases proves fatal. The universal practice of rearing Pheasants under the common hen leads them to become very tame ; and one was seen in the Quarry Walks in Shrewsbury, in the winter of 1891-2. In 1883, Mr. J. Algernon Jones described one which he had killed as having been very "sharply spurred." Those birds used to be line examples of the true P. colchicus, with dark plumage and nearly black breasts, without any of the white feathers on the neck or the light green markings of the Chinese variety (P. torquatus) ; but the latter has now almost superseded them, and, so far as Shropshire is concerned, the original (/'. colchicus) is seldom seen. The partial assumption of the male's plumage by the female Pheasant is not at all of un- BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 45 common occurrence ; the cause being disease of the ovaries, and consequent infertility. These so-called Mules resemble the male more or less in colour, but they usually want the dark edges and glossy tints of his plumage. Their legs, too, are finer and thinner, and they have rarely anything more than a small tubercle or knob in place of a spur. BLACK GROUSE, Tetrao tetiix. This fine bird, though once common, is now nearly extinct in North Shropshire, its last stronghold on Whixall Moss having been ruined partly by the making of the Cambrian Railway in 18G2,1 and partly by the numerous holes, made by turf cutters, into which the young ones fall and perish. When the Railway was being made, a workman who also stuffed birds, told me that for several years numbers of Black Cocks were killed, either for eating or as specimens, by men engaged on the line ; and though a few broods still continued to be reared there, they became scarce from that date. Tins statement was also confirmed by the late Lord Hanmer and his gamekeepers. The late Rev. John Evans procured evidenee for me of Black Cocks having been seen near Whixall, in 1875 ; one was seen near Bettisfield in the winter of 1879-80 ; and I saw a specimen on Whixall Moss in May, 1882. One or two may exist there still, as, owing to its boggy nature, the moss is very seldom crossed or shot over. Eyton, writing of the Black Grouse in 1838, says it is "found in most of the extensive heaths of Shropshire." Some numbers used to be found about Newport, for the late Mr. Thomas Kynnersley, who died in 1844, was in the habit of receiving Black game every winter as presents from his tenants at Pick- stock. In Mr. Talbot's liytchin Book, Black Grouse are twice mentioned : — " Hethe hemic ij," that is, a brace that had been killed on the estate, or sent as a present ; and " Dec. xxiii, for a Woodcocke iijJ, a Morecock ijd, a Snipe id, iij Teales xijd." The bird was also found formerly in the neighbourhood of Knockin, where members of its family were killed so late as 1872. Writing to me in 1892, Major Barnes of The Quinta, near Oswestry, says that a few Black Grouse were seen in his woods in the autumn of 1891 ; and Mr. A. T. Jobb states that he has occasionally shot them there. Formerly, too, these birds were found about Baschurch ; and in the summer of 188G, they were reared between Buildwas and the Wrekin, several of them having been seen by Mr. Arthur Maw. Yet even in this district, where there is apparently suitable 1 The Cambrian Railway fiom Kllcsmero to Whitchurch \vw opened ros- tra llic 4 th May, 1 803, BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. ground, they do not thrive or establish themselves ; and in the part of the county lying north of the Severn, the Black Grouse can only be looked upon as of rare and accidental occurrence. In the Southern portion of the county it is still plentiful, and shows a tendency to increase its numbers and to extend its range. Unfortunately, however, very few attempts are made to preserve it ; and the Grey hens, which are much less wary than their partners, are generally the first to be slain. Throughout this district the fatal practice of shooting both old and young on fields of late-standing grain is too common, especially near those properties where the bird is protected and shows an inclination to an increase in numbers and to a more general distribution. Rocke, writing of the Black Grouse in 18GG, states that "The Black Hill (near Clun), the Longmynd and Clun Forest produce them in considerable abundance. The Brown Clee Hill, as well as Titterstone, occasionally boast of one or two broods, and I have known them to be on the High Vincalls above Ludlow, also on Stow Hill, near Knighton." In all the above localities it is still to be found ; and owing to its preservation on the Burwarton property, Lord Boyne in 1884 estimated the Black Game on the Brown Clee to be from 20 to 30 brace. Writing to me in 1879, the Rev. W. H. Wayne says that about Ditton and Middleton Priors, under that hill, 30 or 40 birds might be seen towards the end of the season in a pack, and that 13 were killed in a day the previous season. Mr. R. B. Benson also tells me that it has increased rapidly in that district since it has been preserved. Black game are also found in several of Lord Wenlock's woods about Bourton. The abundance of Black Grouse on the Glee Hills attracted even the notice of Leland, who, though he gives us little information of the Fauna of the county in the lGth century, says of them: — " Ther is anothar cawllyd Caderton's Cle, and ther be many Hethe Cokks, and a Broket, caulyd Mille Brokcet springethc in it." Besides the above-named localities Black Grouse have established themselves, and would, if preserved, doubtless, increase along the valley north of Wenlock Edge, between Rushbury and Harley, where three or four broods, numbering about 30 or 40 birds, of which several were shot, were seen in 1881, and three brace were killed in 1889. Writing in May, 1892, Mr. George Potts says that they have increased in Lord Forester's park at Willey, where, though apparently indigenous, they have never thriven. They are also found near Minsterley, where three were shot and others seen by Mr. T. L Moire in 1881, and one was killed by Mr. .). B. Salter in 1885. Black Grouse are also frequently found hi Carve Dale, where the Rev. R. K. Haymes informs me they come from the Clee Hills to feed upon the corn. They have also occurred on the banks of the Severn on several occa- sions ; a Grey hen having been killed between Coundand Dressage BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. 47 in October, 1884, another at Hem, 29th October, 1885, and a third at Belswardine in the autumn of 1888. In three instances hybrid birds between the Pheasant and Black Grouse have occurred in Shropshire ; the union between the two birds, both of which are polygamous in their habits, having probably arisen from a Grey hen having strayed away into some pheasant cover. In his Rarer British Birds, Eyton gives a cut of a hybrid be- tween the Pheasant and the Grey hen, which was killed near Merrington. This bird is also figured in Yarrell's Birds, where the following information, with some minor variations in the Fourth Edition is given: — "In 1835, T. E. Eyton, Esq., resi- ding near Wellington, Shropshire, sent up for exhibition to the Zoological Society a hybrid bird between the Cock Pheasant and Grey Hen, with a note, as follows : — ' For some years past, a single Grey Hen has been seen in the neighbourhood of the Merrington covers, belonging to Robert A. Slaney, Esq., but she was never observed to be accompanied by a Black Cock, or any other of her species. In November last, a bird was shot on the manor adjoining Merrington, belonging to J. A. Lloyd, Esq., resembling the Black game in some particulars, and the Pheasant in others. In December, another bird was shot in the Merrington covers, resembling the former, but smaller ; this, which is a female, is now in my collection, beautifully preserved by Mr. Shaw, of Shrewsbury.' — Zool. Broc. 1835, page G2. The figure given on the opposite page represents this bird, Mr. Eyton hav- ing with great kindness allowed me the use of his specimen for that purpose. Mr. Eyton observes, that the brood to which his hybrid bird belonged, consisted of fivo ; one of them remained in t he possession of ,1. A. Lloyd, Esq., of Leaton Knolls ; the other three, with the old Grey Hen, fell victims to a farmer's gun, and were consequently destined to the table. Mr. Eyton further remarks, at page 101, that he had also seen another specimen, killed near Corwen, in Merionethshire, and then in the collection of Sir Rowland Hill, Bart." It is curious that the Black Grouse does not thrive or increase in North Wales. The country in many places seems eminently suited to its habits ; yet there is something, the absence or the presence of which seriously afleots its increase. Eyton, in 1838, says that it " has been introduced on the Berwyn chain near Corwen, but appears to decrease in numbers." Mr. Thomas Ruddy, who has recently made careful enquiries as to its distri- bution, informs me that, although several attempts have been made to introduce it, none of them have succeeded; and that it is of rare and accidental occurrence, and does not, so far as he can ascertain, breed regularly in any one district. This statement was also confirmed by two sportsmen, whom 1 met in the autumn of 1891, and who told me that they had shot a good deal in BIRDS OF SHROPSHIRE. North Wales, but had only now and then met with a stray Black Grouse ; and in the Field for October 31, 1885, a corre- spondent signing himself J. H., thus writes : — " When out shoot- ing last week on some moorland in the North of Montgomery- shire, a Grey Hen was shot, weighing over 21bs. As Black game are considered rather uncommon about here, the fact may interest some of your readers." Black Grouse are occasionally found near Berriew. 49 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. By tfie Rev. G. W. Fisher. Two undated letters, written by Thomas Browne of Shrewsbury, Draper, to Queen Elizabeth, are preserved in the Lansdowne MSS. in the British Museum. Internal evidence, however, points to the early part of the year 1574-5, and the month of April, 1575, as the approxi- mate dates of the letters.1 The first letter seems to have been the unassisted composition of the Shrewsbury draper ; but the handwriting of the second letter is a decided improvement on that of the first, the spelling is less irregular, and the subject matter is more methodically arranged, and it is evident that in this letter Browne had the help of some competent friend. As both letters are given nearly in full in Owen and Blakeway's History of Shrewsbury, my reference to them will be brief. Some time in October, 1574, a man named Richard Jones, a Tapster, in the employment of Mr. Richard Owen, Alderman and Innholder of Shrews- 1 When Browne wrote the first letter, Thomas Aslitdn, late Head Master of Shrewsbury, hail gone to Ireland to join the Karl of Essex, and had not yet returned, so far as Browne knew. Now Ashton went to Ireland in May, 1574, and Jones's first examination before Mr. Gerard took place on November 7th; so we shall hardly orr in putting the first letter some time at the beginning of 1574-5. The second letter was written after Sir Henry Sidney's enquiry, which took place on March 25th, 1575. It may be noted also that Browne mentions Sunday as the day of Jones's examination, and November 7th, 1574, was a Sunday. Vol. V., 2nd S. <' 50 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. bury, seems to have spoken some foolish boastful words to a Frenchman who had recently come to Shrewsbury, about coming wars and the restoration of " the owld religion " in England. The Frenchman was a chatter- box, and Jones' words soon came to Browne's ears. His alarm was also excited about the same time by the arrival of two Pedlers, who were acquaintances of the Frenchman, and one of whom had travelled much and could speak Latin, French, and Welsh. It was at once evident to Browne's suspicious and not very intelligent mind that these four men were conspirators, "messengers from place to place, serving the wicked devices of the Queen's unnatural subjects and enemies." His suspicions were at once made known by letter to Mr. William Gerard, who had been for many years member of the Council of the Marches of Wales, and who, not only in this capacity, but as Justice of Assize in Wales and Recorder of Chester, had large judicial experience. Jones and the Frenchman, and, later on, the two Pedlers, were summoned before Mr. Gerard. Jones was put in irons and imprisoned in the Porter's Lodge ot the Council House, and, having pleaded guilty at the Bridgnorth Assizes, was sentenced to be put in the stocks. The Frenchman appears to have been kept in confinement by the Council of the Marches as a sus- picious character ; but the Pedlers, against whom there does not seem to have been a tittle of evi- dence, were admitted to bail by Mr. Gerard, and afterwards set free. Browne, and his friend George Tarporley or Tarpley, a Stonemason of Shrewsbury, from whom he had first heard of Jones' conversation with the Frenchman, were by no means satisfied with the way in which Mr. Gerard had dealt with the con- spirators, and it was arranged that Tarporley should go to London and lay the matter before the Privy Council. The result was that letters were sent from the Council to Sir Andrew Corbet and Mr. George Bromley, direc- ting further enquiries. But they, finding that the Pedlers had left the Town, and that the business had THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. 51 resolved itself into charges against Mr. Gerard, having ordered Jones to be indicted at the assizes, soon brought their enquiry to a close. Thereupon, Browne proceeded to write his first letter to the Queen, of which Tarporley was the bearer. The facts already mentioned are detailed by Browne at great length, and his narrative is interlarded with many pious reflections, with profuse expressions of his own loyalty, and with bitter insinua- tions against Mr. Gerard, his brother-in-law,1 Mr. Thomas Sherer, Clerk to the Council, Alderman Owen, and other unnamed persons " of great countenance " in Shrewsbury. Alderman Owen is stigmatised as " a great and ignorant papist," whose Inn was a resort 01 " great and nottable papists, under the color of gest wyse." Her Majesty received Tarporley graciously, and sent a message of " comfortable words" to Browne, and at the same time directed that the Council should order an enquiry to be made into Browne's charges against Mr. Gerard, by Sir Henry Sidney, Sir Andrew Corbet, and Mr. George Bromley. This enquiry was held on March 25th, in the Garden Place or Gallery of Mr. Gerard's house, and Browne seems to have desired to dictate to Sir Henry the way in which it should be conducted. He had prepared eight separate charges, with various interrogatories on each, and pro- posed to hand them in one by one, claiming that Mr. Gerard should answer each separately in writing before the next was made. Sir Henry peremptorily declined to take the charges in such a manner as this " one this day, and one the next day," and insisted on all being handed in at once, and Browne, after some resistance, was obliged to give in. As might be expected, nothing came of the enquiry, and, a few months later, Mr. 1 The Gerard genealogies only mention one wife of Sir William Gerard, Dorothy Barton, who survived him, and by whom, according to his monument in St. Oswald's, Chester, he had 2 sons. These sons, Gilbert and Cuthbert, were entered at Shrewsbury School in 15G5, so that the first wife must now have been dead for many years. 52 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY; DRAPER. Gerard was made Lord Chancellor of Ireland.1 The truth is, Browne and Tarporley were strong Puritans, who " bore " Mr. Gerard " a displeasure," in consequence of a charge he delivered in October, 1573, at the time when a Commission sat in Shrewsbury, presided over by Sir Henry Sidney, to enforce the use of the surplice, in which he animadverted severely on the Puritans, comparing them to the Tail of the Serpent in iEsop's Fable, which was jealous of the Head, and, having obtained from Heaven its desire to take the Head's place as Guide, quickly brought the Serpent to the Waters of the Styx. And Browne's great grievance in his second Letter to the Queen, was that, according to common Report, Mr. Gerard had not only rehearsed the Fable, and applied it specially to him and Tarporley, but had spoken of them as " busie fellowes and lighte persons who go about to wyn creddit by lies." The pitiful way in which Browne reiterates to the Queen his complaint, that he had been called a " busie fellowe &C./' is strongly suggestive of Dogberry's great anxiety to be " writ down an ass." The worthy draper seems to have been a man of suspicious nature, of strong pre- judices, and of" mean wit" (as he himself says), and to have possessed, as is frequently the case with such characters, a large amount of self-confidence. The credit which the world at large had given him in 1571, of furnishing the first clue which led to the discovery of the Duke of Norfolk's treasonable com- munications with Kidolfi and others,had probably turned hishead,and made him feel bound to keep uphis character as an amateur detective. The story of the events which led to the Duke's arrest, and ultimate conviction, may be traced out, without much difficulty, in the Burleigh State Papers.2 During the Spring and Summer of 1 Ho became Lord Chancellor of Ireland April 23rd, 157G, and was knighted in 1579. - Must of thu State Paporn from which the following story is gleaned, are to bo found in Murdin'a Volume. THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. 53 1571, money was continually flowing into Scotland from Rome, Flanders, and Madrid, for the support of Queen Mary's friends ; and the King of France, not wishing to be behind hand in the matter, took advantage of M. de Foix's embassy to London, in connexion with the Anjou Marriage Project, to send over 2,000 Crowns to be devoted to the same purpose. De Foix reached London about August 19th, and when William Barker,1 one of the Duke's secretaries, who was a friend of his, called on him shortly afterwards, De Foix asked him to get the Duke to forward the money (which was all in gold, and amounted in value to £600 English) to Scotland, for the use of the Scotch Lords who sided with Mary. The Duke was at first unwilling to have anything to do with the matter. But shortly afterwards, Thomas Browne, who had come to London from Shrews- bury on business, brought to the Duke a present of butter from Lawrence Banister of Wem, a gentleman of good position in Shropshire, who was Steward of the Duke s estates there and elsewhere, and also his chief law adviser. Browne's presence in London suggested at once to the Duke's mind that the money might easily be sent through him to Banister, and by Banister forwarded to Scotland. So, having told Barker to get the money from de Foix, he sent his other Secretary, Thomas Hieford,2 to Browne to ask him to take with him back to Shropshire a bag containing £50 worth of silver which had been left for Lawrence Banister by one of his friends. Browne's reply was that he would send it by the carrier, who would take it as safely as he always did Browne's money. Barker got the money from the French Ambassador on Sunday, August 26th, 1 William Barker was a Gentleman of considerable ability, who was educated at Cambridge, having been sent there at the expense of Anne Boloyn. 2 Thomas Higford, like Barker, was a man of good education. He was tried for High Treason on February 9th, 1571-2, before the Court of Queen's Bench, and, having pleaded generally guilty, ho was sentenced to death. The sentence was not carried out. 54 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. and on the following Tuesday handed it over to Higford. The bag, which was given to Browne on Wednesday, August 29th, contained £600 in gold, a small packet of letters, and a letter written in cipher, from Higford to Banister. This bag, Browne, in accordance with his arrangement with Higford, put into the hands of the Shrewsbury Carrier, and he seems almost immediately afterwards to have set off on his journey homewards. At any rate, by September 5th, he had reached Shrews- bury, and on that day he wrote a letter to Banister at We in to say that he had brought some stuff for him from London, and had expended certain sums there for him, of which he asked repayment. He also mentioned that Higford had brought him a bag of money, which he had given to the carrier, who ought to arrive that evening. For carriage (apparently of this bag) he had paid 6s. 8d. So, on September 5th, Browne imagined that the bag, which had been for 4 or 5 days in Cecils possession, was still in the hands of the carrier ; and yet historians from Camden down to Froude have all stated that Browne himself took the bag to the Council. Some writers say that he was a servant of the Duke. Camden adds that he was of "a nature apt to suspect," and finding by the weight that gold was delivered him for silver, put the bag into the Council's hands. Froude has partially adopted the same story, and tells us that Browne had almost reached Shrewsbury on his way home, when the weight of the bag struck him as so unusual that he opened it, and, finding gold and a letter in cipher, returned at once to London to make known his discovery to Cecil.1 Now we know that on Sep- tember 1st Higford was already in custody, and the nature of his first examination shows that the bag of money and the ciphered letter were then in Cecil's possession. It seems strange that Professor Froude should not have noticed that Browne could not possibly 1 Froude refors apparently to the Simaneas Papers as his authority for the story. THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. 55 have journeyed nearly to Shrewsbury and got back to London between August 29th and September 1st, and that in Higford's and Barker's various examinations it is never suggested that Browne undertook to carry the money himself. The reason, too, which is assigned by nearly all the historians as the cause of Browne's suspicions is quite unsatisfactory. There could be very little difference in weight between .£50 of silver and £600 of gold, and what difference there might be would be in favour of the silver rather than the gold. But Browne's own letter to Banister, which still exists among the Hatfield MSS., proves conclusively that there is no foundation for the commonly received story. The suspicion of the Duke's friends first lighted upon Hig- ford, but when they felt convinced that he had not been a traitor, it was only natural that current rumour should attribute the discovery to Browne, and,toall appearances, this rumour has been adopted as fact by historians without further enquiry. For some reason or other, the Council did not think it advisable to disturb the popular belief, for, when the Duke of Norfolk was tried for High Treason, in January, 1571-2, the Attorney General was instructed to say that Browne was induced by his suspicions about the weight of the Bag to dis- close the matter to one of the Privy Council. The most probable explanation is, that Browne, feeling flattered by the Duke's commission, spoke of it to some friend, who, better informed than himself as to the condition of English Politics, thought there were circumstances of suspicion about it, and without Browne's knowledge gave such information to the Council as led to the Carrier's detention and the seizure of the Bag. The large sum of gold and the ciphered letter which were found inside, justified the immediate arrest of Higford. Orders were also sent at once to Sir Andrew Corbet to arrest Banister, and send him to London. Two letters from Sir Andrew Corbet are among the Hatfield MSS., both dated October Gth, 1571. in the first letter, Sir Andrew states that 56 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. Banister had been apprehended, and was on his way to London, and that no documents had been found in his house of a compromising nature. He adds that Banister had voluntarily given up his keys, and had shown him- self u obedient and serviceable," as he ought to do, " being a Justice of the Peace for his county." The second letter refers to Browne's letter, of which I have already spoken, which was written at Shrewsbury on September 5th, and reached Wem after Banisters arrest. Sir Andrew had already sent to Shrewsbury for the " stuff" and letters which Browne had brought from London for Banister, and now forwarded them together with Browne's own letter to the Council.1 Higford, Barker, and Banister, were subjected to frequent examinations during the months of September, October, and November ; and, on September 18th, Banister was put to the Back.2 The threat of Torture seems to have been enough to make Barker speak freely. The conclusion to which Sir Thomas Smyth and Dr. Wilson, who were the chief Examiners, came about these three men, was, that Barker had been the Dukes chief agent in his treasonable communications with Queen Mary, the Bishop of Boss, Alva, Bidolfi, and others ; that Higford had been more of a writer than an actor, " not liking what he had to do, but doing it for duty's sake " ; and that Banister knew very little of what had been going on. After he was put to the Rack, nothing was extracted from Lawrence Banister which implied knowledge of any treasonable transac- tions. He allowed, when questioned on the point, that he had had some Romish leanings when a Student in the Temple, but he declared that his views were entirely changed, that his children had been Christened with 1 Neither Browne's letter nor Sir Andrew Corbet's second letter of September Gth, is given by Murdin. Both letters are among the Hatfield MSS. 2 The Royal Warrant, dated September 16th, 1571, allowing Banister and Barker to be put to the Hack, its given by Ullis. THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPBR. 57 the Church of England Service, and that he himself was a Communicant. His two sons were entered at Shrewsbury School in 1577, and were subsequently Members of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. But I must return to Thomas Browne. I have recently transcribed a letter, which was written to Lord Burghley on October 23rd, 1571, by Thomas Ashton, the First Head Master of Shrewsbury Schools. This letter has never been printed, and, as it is of great interest, apart from the fact that it affords a possible clue to the mystery of the Bag of Gold, I make no apology for giving it in full. I should mention that Froude refers to the letter twice, in his History of England, but is under the impression that Ashton was one of Cecil's Agents or Spies.1 My very good lord. I know not in what part you did take my boldness concerning my friend Browne whom I neither see nor heard of since. The same spirit moveth me eftsones (whether I will or no) to the like boldness. 1 have travelled since Banister his apprehending in sundry counties especially where lie had doing under the Duke. The people in general in these parts with the greatest part of thoso also that be of good port show in their countenance a misliking of the state and let not some- times to utter the cankerdness of their hearts with the tongue, yet so that although the simple do it plainly, the other do it so cunningly, as no advantage can be taken of them. This dissembling would2 be met withal, that their hope might be frustrate. The papists in this realm find too much favour in the Court. As long as that continueth practising3 will never have end. The double faced gentlemen who will be protestants in the Court and in the country secret papists frigidam suflun- dunt.4 The people I understand have been put in comfort of 1 Ashton's letter is to ho found in Domestic State Papers, Elizabeth, vol. 81. 2 Would for should. 3 Practising for plotting. 1 Frujidain sujf'undunt. Aquam is omitted. The people "of good port " did not show their disaffection openly, hut poured cold water on (he existing (xovcrnmont. 58 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY7, DRAPER. a change that now they stand but looking for one that would say hisse. And for that I see these counties, most apt to evil counsel (as where the practising papists have most their con- venticles) I wish that man under the prince, ruler over them in Banister his steade,1 whom both they fear, for the love he hath otherwise in the country, and also love for his good justice, and upright dealing with them in all things, as they have had a good experience of, Sir Andrew Corbett I mean, the only staid man, most secret, true, and faithfullest to his priuce, I know in all these parts of the realm. And therefore I judge him the fittest man, for a charge wherein consisteth the stay of the country or any part of the preservation of the prince. I know he would never love me if he knew what I have written now : he seeks so much his quietness and loves to have no dealing in things. Now seeing 1 have discharged the duty of a faithful subject towards my prince in uttering my fear unto him whose head is encumbered with the care of the whole state, I most humbly crave, at your honour's hands, pardon of my boldness, and that when you have read these rude lines your honour will forthwith make a sacrifice of the same to Vulcan. For I would be loth any other should be privy to this my malipertness. God work with you as he hath done and give you long honourable life and health unto your noble heart's desire. Your honour's humble to command - Thomas Asheton. From Charlecote the xxiii. of October 1571. The main objects of Ashton's letter seem to have been (l) To draw Lord Burghley's attention to the general disaffection towards the Government in Shropshire, and the neighbouring Counties. (2) To express his own opinion that the Plots, then so rife in the Country, would never have an end while Papists found so much favour in the Court. (3) To recommend Sir Andrew Corbet, as a just, discreet, loyal, and trustworthy magistrate. 1 It would ho interesting to know what position Mr. Lawrence Banister lutH filled wind) Ashton was desirous to see given to Sir Andrew ( 'orhet. THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. 59 Ashton apologises for his boldness in dealing with these matters, and refers to a former letter1 concerning Browne, in which he had shown similar boldness. The reticence, which he observes about the object of his former letter, makes it probable that there was some mystery connected with it, and the allusion to Lawrence Banister's apprehension, which follows his mention of it, suggests that it dealt in some way with the Duke of Norfolk's affairs. Now, it is very likely that Ashton was in London in August, 1571. We know that he had been engaged there for a considerable time in efforts to obtain from the Crown additional endowments for Shrewsbury School, and his labours in this respect had come to a successful end, not long before. We know also that Thomas Browne had a great respect and admiration for Ashton, and if Ashton were in London at the time of his visit, it would be only natural for him to seek out his distinguished friend before returning to Shrewsbury. And, if he did see him, what more likely than that he should have mentioned the present of butter, which he had conveyed to the Duke, and the Bag of Money which he had undertaken to send to Banister by the Carrier. Readers who have followed me so far, will, I think, agree to these conclusions. That Browne could not have been directly concerned in the revelation made to the Council about the Bag, of which he was in entire ignorance some days after it had been made. That the Carrier could not have given information, as he would have no knowledge of Higford's connection with the Bag, and the first step taken on the discovery of the ciphered letter was the arrest of Hip-ford. That the information must have come from 1 Ashton's communication to Cecil about Browne must have been by letter. Had it been by word of mouth, Ashton would not have been in doubt how the Minister had taken his "boldness." 60 THOMAS BROWNE OF SHREWSBURY, DRAPER. someone to whom it was communicated by Browne, and that it was given to the Council without Browne's knowledge. And I hope they will also agree that Ashton's letter offers a solution of the difficulty, and that his mysterious communication to Cecil about his "friend Browne " was in all probability the cause of the seizure of the Bag. 6J LETTER FROM FRANCIS TAYLOR TO THOMAS PARDOE: LONDON, AUG. 8th, 1761. Communicated by RALPH C. PURTON. The "Mr. Pardoe, Jun.," to whom this letter is addressed, was Thomas Pardoe, only son of Thomas Pardoe, of Faintree (d. 1768) in this county, by Mary his wife, sister of Geo. Crump of Cleobury Mortimer Forge. His sister, Anne Pardoe, married Mr. Benjamin Taylor of Bridgnorth, and was mother of Francis Taylor, who wrote this letter to his uncle when in London. Francis Taylor was afterwards resident at St. Martins- in-the-fields, and died in the East Indies. The letter is well written, but without stops, while most of the more prominent words are dignified with capitals. It folds into a square packet, and on the out- side are two circular marks, resembling post-marks, each bearing the letters S.E. The address is as follows : — " To Mr Pardoe Jun'at Faintree to be left at M" Pardoes in the Castle Bridgnorth Shropshire, to be sent with Speed London 8 August 61. " Hond Uncle 1 rec'd your Letter from Bewdiy with a Bill for 6 guineas which is Duly Paid and am Greatly obliged to you for this favour you have done me & Shall take the first opportunity of seeing Mr Rogers & will send you the musick Her Majesty the Queen is come to Town & Mr Stoekdale gave me & a New Prentice he has got Leave to go out of Town to see her as She came in and wee had the Pleasure of seeing her very Plain She is somewhat Tall her hair the Colr of mine & has a very 62 LETTER FROM FRANCIS TAYLOR TO THOMAS FARDOE. Pretty face and Grand air She was attended by a Party of Horse Guards and five of the Kings Coaches in New Liverys and was mett at the top of the Pallace Stairs by his Majisty where She Kneel'd to him but was rais'd up immediately She was Drest in a Gold & Silver Tissue very Rich & spirg'd with Pink & had on a Diamond Stomacher of Immense Value & is to be married at 9 to Night [Her] Majesty's Dress is a Silver Tissue Spig'd (sic) Blue & the chappell is cover'd with rich Tissues of Vast Value I have time to say no more at Present than Duty to you all & Compts to Cos &n Sister & am your Dutifull Nephew Fr8 Taylor " Shall Send you a Picture of ye Queen as soon as can get one that am sure is a real likeness with ye musick Pray dont put them in ye Hall." Note. — Sophia Charlotte, daughter of Charles, Duke of Mecklen burg-Strelitz, was married to George III., September 8th, 1761, at the Chapel Royal, St. James ('() ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. By W. H. B. BIRD. In the third volume of Mr. Eyton's History of Shrop- shire will be found an account of the early history of Astley and its lords, and, under Nordley Regis, a pedigree shewing the descent of the manor or manors from about the year 1100 until they passed from the family named de Astley to those of Fililode and Lee. A pedigree printed in the Harleian Society's Shropshire Visitation purports to continue the descent of the former line ; but contains so many inaccuracies that it is worth while to place on record a correct account derived from original sources. Mr. Eyton comes to the conclusion that Astley was a member of Nordley, and not a separate manor, in spite of the fact that it was held of the King by serjeantry, while Nordley was held in fee farm. On the other hand, an Inquisition of 1275 describes the Manor of Estleg, the services of the tenants, and their value. I find Estleg or Astley described as a Manor again in Inquisitions of 1310, 1319, 1384, 1601, and 1601), as well as in a licence of alienation in 18 James I. ; while in 1524, it is the Manor of Asteley " alias le Hall de Asteley." Elsewhere, it is simply described as one messuage (later, three messuages) one mill, one carucate of land, &c, and so many shillings' rent in Astley ; while in 1361, the Jury add that there are no pleas or perquisites. The question is raised incidentally at a much later time, 1624-5, in a suit in the Court of Exchequer, botwoen Lancelot Lee of Coton and the then lord or ownor of Astloy and others. The plaintiff's claim is merely for a heriot dueupon the aliena- Vol V., 2nd S. H 64 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. tion of a portion of the common field which had been held with Astley, and the defendant replies that the land in question was not parcel of Kings Nordley at all, but of Astley. Plaintiff, in his replication, asserts " That the Mannor or Lordshipp of Astley is itselfe wthin the prcinct of Kings Nordley and prcell thereof and oweth suite and service thereto and was heretofore and that but of late tyme Called only villat' de Astley," Mr. Eyton tells us that there was a single Court for Nordley, Astley, and Alveley; and the depositions shew that the arrangement continued down to that date so far as the two former were concerned, but Alveley is not mentioned. There is abundant evidence that the tenants of Astley owed suit to this Court, and were amerced for non-appearance ; that the bailiff of Nordley distrained upon their goods in default of payment ; and that the constable of Nordley executed his office in both Manors alike. The bailiff deposes that the owners of Astley systematically refused to attend, and were amerced; and that he went through the form of demand- ing payment from them, but does not state that they paid, or that he ever went so far as to distrain. But on the question of boundaries, neither the bailiff, nor any of the oldest inhabitants will venture on a precise state- ment.1 The tenure was, as I have said, by serjeantry — magna s uiantia it is called in 1341 — namely, by finding an armed horseman (in 1275 two horsemen) to attend the king for 40 days in case of war in Wales, but the state- ment varies slightly in each instance. In the earlier inquisitions his duty is "to guard the King's supplies," M to convoy the King's wine," "to attend the waggons that carry the King's wine to the war as often as he 1 Exch. Bills, Salop, James I., Nbs. 179, 231. Exch. Depositions, 22 James I., Hil. Term, No. 18. In the first instunee there was a deeree by consent in the plaintiffs favour; but the suit was revived, and I have sought in vain among the Decruea of the Court for a, decision. ( A ST LEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 65 comes through Bruges Norh " (sic).1 In later Inquisi- tions the horseman is called a hobbeler, and his function is not specified. I do not propose bo repeat here Mr. Eyton's account of the earlier lords of Astley, nor have I much to add to it. It is perhaps worth noting an inquisition of circa 1240, 2 which, I think, he does not mention, when the jury find that one Laurence de Onneford (if I have read the name correctly) has committed waste and destruction in Estleg to the value of 20 marks, to the detriment of John, son and heir of John de Estleg, who is in the custody of William de Vivars, of the Queen's household. This must refer to the second of that name, who was in 1235 in custody of John Fitz Philip, and died in the beginning of 127 5. 3 It was then found that John, his son and heir, would be 17 years of age on the feast of St. John Baptist in that year. In 1310 tiie latter settled his estate on John his son (fourth of the name) ,4 and was living six years later. I do not find any Inquisition after his death. This John divided his property, enfeoffing Roger de Astley in Nordley in 13 19, 5 and William de Fililode the younger, husband of Dionisia de Astley, his daughter, in Astley in 1341. 6 A John Astley, perhaps the same, occurs first in the list of a Jury at Alveley in 1 360. There is no Inquisi- tion after his death, and I am unable to say when that took place. One Hugh de Solrug and Avelina his wife6 1 Ad sequend? carettas domini Regis carientes vina versus Guerram, worth quoting as a specimen Injimaz Latinitatis. The word vina has needlessly puzzled Mr. Eyton (see iii., p. 152 n.) The substitution of victaalia elsewhere shows that the obvious meaning is the correct one. 2 Esc. incert. temp. Hen. III., No. 287. Under Romesley, Mr. Eyton speaks of a Laurence de Anneford, 1250. Peter de Dode- moneston, one of the jurors, was dead in 1219. John fitz Philip died probably in 1238. Ft/ton iii., 158, 164. 3 Eytmi iii., 148. Esc. 3 Edw. L, No. 4. 4 Inq. ad q. d. 3 Edw. II., No. 00. * Inq. adq. d. 12 Edw. II., No. !)(). 6 Esc. 15 Edw. III., 2nd Noa., No. 8. 66 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. had a life interest in the Mill in Astley at this time. She may have belonged to the family of Astley. Mr. Eyton believes the earlier pedigrees to be wrong here, and supposes that Eoger de Astley was son, and not brother, of the last John. I am unable to discuss the reasons which led him to this conclusion, since he has not stated them. But, on the other hand, if Roger was of age in 1319 (and his grand-daughter was born in 1353 or 4) he cannot have been born later than 1298, and cannot therefore, according to Mr. Eyton, have been more than 40 years younger than his grandfather. Secondly, if John de Astley had a son as well as a daughter, it does not appear what motive he had for permanently dividing his estate ; whereas, if he had an only daughter, it is not unnatural that he should settle the larger portion of his property on the heir male of the family. Lastly, among the MS. Shropshire Collec- tions in the British Museum,1! find the copy of a Charter of 1325 relating to land in Nordley to which John de Astelegh and Roger his brother are witnesses. If this were an original document, it would, I think, be conclusive. Roger Astley died at Michaelmas, 1361,2 and in the February following a Jury found that, owing to the late pestilence, much land in Nordley was lying idle, and the Manor could not carry the annual rent of £9 due to the King's Exchequer,3 which, however, the King had granted to Roger for life. His grandson Thomas, son of Thomas, was his heir, and was only three weeks old. This Thomas died in June, 1376, and Nordley passed to Margaret, his sister, then upwards of 22 years of age, and already married to Roger atte Lee ; and with her descendants, the Lees of Coton, it remained until the present century.4 1 Additional MS. 30,320 (No. 3.) 2 Use. 3G Edw. III., pt. L, No. 9. Mr. Eyton says 1362, incorrectly. 3 In 1310 and previously tho rent is given as £H IDs. « Esc. nO KdvV. III., 1st Nos., No. la. Tho Writ will bo found under No. 72, Ibid. It is worth noticing that tho podigroo of Luc, ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 67 The Fililodes were, it appears, a family long settled in the same neighbourhood. A place of that name on the boundary of the Forest of Morf occurs in the Per- ambulation of Forests in 29 Edward I.,1 and seems to lie somewhere on the high ground towards the Staffordshire border. The watercourse of Fililodes-welle, and the way leading from that place to the Hall of Estleye, are mentioned in 1305, as boundaries of land in Colvere- husesfeld, in Astley or Nordley.2 A Roger de Fililode occurs in 1203, Thomas in 1255, Roger in 1274, 1292, and 1305, John in 1314 and 1316, Richard, son of Roger, 1316. In 1316, William de Fililode and Juliana, his wife, have a grant of land in Nordley.3 In 1319, William occurs again. In 1353, William de Fililod joins in endowing a chantry in the King's free chapel of Aluitheleye, of which Giles de Fililod was lately chaplain.4 William de Fililod, called the younger, who became of Astley, through his marriage with Dionisia, may have been a son of William and Juliana. In 1360, he settled Astley5 on his four sons, John, William, Thomas, and Giles, successively in tail general, remainder to the heirs of the bodies of himself andDionisia, remainder to his own right heirs. At this time, he held other lands in Nordley, Claverley, Romesley, and Quatt, to the value of 40s. He died 7th August, 1361. 6 John, his eldest son and heir, who was then aged 15, held land printed in the Visitation of Shropshire already referred to, is at variance with the abstracts of documents printed with it. Mr. Eyton has demolished the supposed descent Roger Lee of Coton, and I cannot find that he has substituted any other in its place. See vol. ix., 294 ; vi., 38, &e. 1 Eyton iii., 219., Additional MS. 30,319. 2 Ibid. 153. Maps shew a Philfey Brook in Staffordshire, rising noar the spot I have indicated, and [lowing eastward into the Stour. Richard do Folybrok, or Eulibrok, is a Juror in 1300 and 13G9. 3 Eyton iii., 160, &c. Coram Rege, 8 Edw. II, rot. 29, m. 76. 4 Esc. 27 Edw. III., 2nd Nos., No. 18. Thomas de Fililod, a Juror. 5 Esc. 34 Edw. III., 2nd Nos., 41. 0 Esc. 3D Edw. 111., Tt. 1, No. 83. 68 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. in Nordley, under Eoger atte Lee and the Lord of Wesleye, and in Romesley. He died on the 9th March, 1376-7, 1 leaving a son John ; but no Inquisition was taken until 7 years later, when this John was 1 1 years of age. Meanwhile, Dionisia de Astley, his grand- mother, to whom he was also heir, had died on Christmas Day, 1380 ; and finding that she was tenant in chief of Astley, the King had by his Escheator seized her lands, and also those of her husband, and granted the custody of them and of the heir to John Horewode.2 William de Fililode of Astley had a brother Nicholas, with whom he joined in purchasing a moiety of the Manor of Shirreuesley (Shrewley), co, Warwick, of Sir John de Meaux, settling it upon themselves for life, with remainder to the heirs of William. As this sale took place without licence from the King, a pardon had to be obtained subsequently, and an Inquisition ad quod damnum was taken in 1364 ;3 after which, by Patent of 6 June in that year, the sale was sanc- tioned and confirmed. In 1369, his grant of an endow- ment to the Chantry at Alveley, of which Eichard Syche was then Chaplain, gave occasion for another Inquisition ad quod damnum* when the Jury found 1 Esc. 7 Ric. II., No. 37. Mr. Eyton gives the date of this Inquisi- tion as the date of his death. 2 Esc. 4 ltic. IT., No. 2. The Manor of Alveley was at one time held by the Whorwoods of Compton. The Lord of Wesleye is, I suppose, a Botetourt. See Eyton iii., 169. 3 Esc. 38 Edw. 111., 2nd nos., 29. It came to Sir John in 1354 from his mother Seolastica, coheir of Philip de Gayton (of Gay ton in Northamptonshire, by inheritance from his mother Juliana de Northampton). Juliana, the other coheir of de Gayton, who married Sir Thomas Murdak, was convicted and burnt for poisoning her husband, when her moiety was forfeited. See Dugdalc's Warwick- shire Li., 652, Baker's Northamptonshire ii., 275, L, 492. One is tempted to hazard the conjecture that Juliana, wife of the elder William de Fililode, may have belonged to this family. The murder was committed near Stourton in the Forest of Kinvcr, only a few miles away. See an extract from the Placita in Additional MS. 30,325, where an outrage quite other than poisoning is described. 4 Esc. 43 Edw. 111., Pt. 2, 2nd Nos., 52. ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 69 that he would still hold lands and rents to the value of 100s. in Bridgnorth, Nordley, Astley, and Alveley, of Hugh de Baggesore, and the heirs of Roger de Astley, and William de Fililode. On St. Bartholomew's Day, 1381, he also died, and a Warwickshire Jury found a year later that John, his great nephew, aged 8 and upwards, was his heir, and was also the right heir of William, his late hrother. They were not aware by what service his moiety of Shrewley was held.1 The child on whom the representation of the family thus devolved was at Michaelmas following placed in the custody of John Horewode ; but three years later, in November 1387, the guardianship was by Patent transferred to his uncle Giles de Fililode, described as of Staffordshire. He grew to man's estate, but died not long after, in July 1400, without having had livery of his lands, and without issue; and Astley, the moiety of Shrewley, together with lands in Homesley held of Andrew de Dudmaston, in Alveley of Henry Hagley, in Nordley of Boger atte Lee, and in Kidderminster of Lord Bergavenny, came to Giles, his uncle and guardian, said to be 32 years of age and upwards.2 Giles de Fililode married, but left no children, and with him this branch of the family became extinct in the male line. He died on Ascension Day, 1420, leaving two sisters and heirs, Katherine the wife of John Blyke, aged upwards of 50, and Elizabeth Swyer upwards of 48. 3 Four years later a Warwickshire jury make no 1 Esc. 5 Kic. II., No. 32. A later Jury say, perhaps confusing the tenure with that of Astley, by finding a horseman to serve 40 days in Wales. 2 Esc. 1 Hen. IV., Pt. i., No. 31 ; G Hen. V., No. 74. The latter supplies a merely technical omission. Giles de Fililode must have been over 40, for he is mentioned in May 13G0 ; his elder brothers William and Thomas had apparently died without issue. 3 Esc. 8 Hen. V., No. 74. This Inquisition is interesting topogra- phically. Tho "placed terre vocaC Barates," bounded by Broad Lanes, is still shewn as Barretts in the Ordnance Map, and seems to recall the Adam Baret who was a Juror in Alveley in 1 275, just as Fillets (called Fylyloadcs in 1587), Hadlcys, Gleckars, Dumboulds (formerly Don- 70 AST LEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. mention of Elizabeth; and as both Astley and Shrewley passed to the descendants of her sister (then said to be over GO), the natural inference is that she died with- out issue at about this date.1 Her name may perhaps be the same that occurs in Alveley as Syer, Saer, Cier, and Syare, from 1268 to 1395, and later as Squyer.2 Of John Blyke, the husband of Katherine de Fililode, I have not been able to discover anything. His arms certainly resemble those of his wife's family. A Thomas, son of William Bleyk of Overton, occurs in connection with Kinver Forest as early as 1286; and in 1421 a William Bleke of Haberley grants a tenement and land in Franche to Richard Becke and Cristina his wife;3 but I have not met with the name hitherto in connection with Alveley. Evidently it is regarded with suspicion by those who compile official indexes, where it will appear at times disguised as Blake, or even Dike, to the confusion of the searcher. Katherine, his widow, died at the end of 1424. 4 Richard Blyke, her son and heir, was upwards of 28 in the following September, and lived until Michaelmas, 1465, when he was seised of Astley and Shrewley.5 Margaret, his wife, survived him, and had dower assigned to her out of his lands. voids), Perry-house, Potterslode, Dodds Green, are echoes of names — Fililode, Hadley, Cleacre, Donfowe, atte Pirye (later Perry) Potter and Dod — all of which are fouud here in early documents. " Margaret Cotene," of whom lands in Nordley were held, is, I suppose, Margaret Astley, widow of Roger Lee of Coton. 1 Esc. 2 Hen. VI., No. 19. For the marriage and issue assigned to her see the pedigree of Luttley (Visitation of Shropshire, Harl. Soc), and compare that of Lee of Coton. (Ibid.) 2 Other Fililodes I have met with are Roger, 1341-1400, John, son of Thomas, 1361, and William, son of Thomas, 1369, John (?) in a mutilated record 1376, and John, son of John, 1382 and 1381. 3 Plac. Forest., 11 Edw. I., printed in Wm. Salt Soc. Publications v., Pt. i. Egerton Charter, No. 472. 4 Esc. 4 Hen. VI., No. 4. The Calendar gives no Shropshire Inquisi- tion relating to hor. * Esc. 5 Edw. IV., No. 6. ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 71 On her death, in January 1470-1, a Jury found1 that she held no lands in Shropshire. Their son and heir, another Richard, is described as 40 years old and upwards in 14G5, 50 and upwards in 1471. He added to Shrewley other property in the same parish of Hatton ; and in Shropshire, besides Astley, held lands in Quatt and Nordley, of Lord Willoughby de Broke, Thomas Lee of Coton, and William Mitton, all of which, in June 1470, he conveyed to feoffees, among them his son Humfrey, who (if the age afterwards stated be correct) was then a lad of 10 or 11. The purpose of this deed is, unfortunately, not mentioned. He lived more than 20 years after this time, and died 30th October, 1491. Humfrey, his successor (omitted in the printed pedigree), then above 30 years of age, is, I suppose, the Uumfrey Blyke who, about the year 1502, was practising the law in Shrewsbury.2 He died 6th November, 1513, when two Juries found that he held lands in Nordley of Thomas Lee, and in Quatt of John Strangways, and also in Hatton of the king's lordship of Warwick, but said nothing of Astley or Shrewley.3 Possibly he may have taken advantage of his knowledge of the law to divest himself of his legal estate in these. But just after this time there was a Joan Blyke, widow, holding a life estate in lands of the inheritance of William, son and heir of Richard Hatton, in Stanton Lacy and Bromfield.4 She may have been the wife of 1 Rot. Claus. 6 Edvv. IV. Esc. 9 and 10 Edw. IV., No 41. I have seen a statement that Margaret, dau. of John Lee of Coton, and sister of Thomas, married Richard, son of Richard Blyke of Astley. If this lady is meant, she must, I think, be transferred to an earlier genera- tion. (Pedigree of Lee, in J. Morris MSS.) 2 Bsc. 7 Hen. VIL, Nos. 40, 41. Owen and Blaktway i. 274. 3 Esc. 5 Hon. VIII., Nos. 8, 140. Both were delivered to the Court by the hands of William Hatton. * Fed. Fin. Salop, 10 Hen. VIII., Pas., 12 Hen. VITL, Trim; 15 Hen. VIII. Hil. At an Inquisition of enclosures 9 Hen. VIII. , the Jury pre- sent Joan Blyke, widow, for enclosing land at Counde (Lansd. MS. 1.) Joan lilag wifcrtosaes the Will of Thomas Hatton of Newport, in 1508. (O.P.C! I'xnnett, Vol. V, 2nd S. 1 72 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. Humfrey; or possibly the deed of feoffment of 1470, already mentioned, represents a settlement by Richard Blyke on his second marriage with a lady of property. At all events, both are subsequently held by Peter, son and heir of Humfrey, now aged 18. The printed pedigree states that this Peter had a brother called Richard Blyke of Astley, whose daughter and heir married Humfrey Gatacre. This cannot possibly be correct as it stands ; for a comparison of the pedigrees of Gatacre and Haynes of Stretton in the same collection supports the date (1422-61) assigned to Humfrey Gatacre in the former; so that, instead of being contemporary with Peter Blyke's children, he would be contemporary with the first Richard of our pedigree. If J ohn Blyke, his father, great-great-grandfather of Peter, had a brother Richard, his daughter might possibly have married Gatacre. There undoubtedly was a Richard Blyke of this family at the time, settled at New Radnor, who in his Will mentions his " cousin " John Blyke of Astley (the son of Peter, that is) ; but, if Peter was his brother, he cannot, as we have seen, have been also son of Richard. It is not impossible that the latter may be the true account, especially if there had been, as I have suggested, a second marriage. In 1547 he was High Sheriff of Radnor,1 and in 1550 had a grant for life of the customs, tolls, arid dues of the town.'2 lie died in 1557, and left lands in Salop, including a copyhold at Stretton, and in Radnor, the latter consisting apparently ol extensive pastures in Radnor Forest, over which ranged herds of "wilde beastes," "wilde mares," horses and cattle.3 He married Elinor, daughter of James, and sister of Gharles Vaughan, and had issue, a son, James, and four daughters, of whom Dorothy was, 1 See Arclumloifia Capibren&is, 3rd series, iii., 80. * Mot, Pat. 4 ttdvv. VI., pt. 2. 3 Will dated loth July, proved in the Prerogative Court 4th Oct., 1557 (Wrastly 30). A base brother, John Blyke, is there mentioned. ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 73 before his death married to Morgan ap Ilys, or Price, of Radnor ;l and from the way in which Florence is coupled with her it seems probable that she was then married also. James died intestate in Herefordshire, and letters of administration were granted in the Pre- rogative Court, 18th November, 1568, to his other sisters, Elizabeth ap Posser and Joan Blyke. Subse- quently, in 1576, in conjunction with Walter Prosser, husband of Elizabeth, we find them conveying land in Alveley, Astley, and Kynges Nordley to Clement Don, who was their father's executor, and liichard Vaughan.2 A few years later, and Richard Vaughan appears as the husband of Joan.3 In 1585 John Pryce is joined with Joan and her husband only.4 To return to Peter Blyke, we find that by Indenture dated 6th August, 1522, he settled his lands in the Counties of Salop and Warwick upon himself for life, then to the annual value of 20 marks to the use of Mary his wife, the residue " to help my childer to finde them to scole and prferre theym in marryage vnto suche tyme as my heire shall be xxjV Two years later, 16th September, 1524, he made a Will,5 confirming the settlement on his wife, and proceeding thus : — And to the yerely value of hip our and besides to the vse of John Whorvvood of Compton in the Countye of Salopp (sic) Squyer vnto such tyme my heire come to his full age The which John Whorwoode the xixth day of July the xvjth yere of King Henry the viijth bargonyd and bought of me John Blyke my sonne and heire for to mary With on of the dough tours of 1 Cp. Lewys Dwnn's Welsh Visitations i. 2G3, where she is called " Dorothy s. h. to Richd Bligge of Astloy Hall." They had a son, John Price. The Vaughans were, I think, of Hergest (Weaver, Visitation of Herefordshire.) '2 Fed. Fin. 18 Eli?., Hil. 3 Ibid. 22 and 23 Eli?., Mich., 23 Eliz., Hil. Warrant against the hoiis of Richard Blyke of Radnor, Esq. 4 Ibid. 27 Klin., Pas. 6 Proved, I fear, in the Royal Peculiar Court of Bridgnorth, whero all documents earlier than about 1C30 seem to have perished. 74 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. the said John Whorwodd for the which mariage to be hadde and doon The said John Whorwodd hath and must delyure to me & myne executors and assignaies cxxxu fibr the wiche Bargyn and mariage I will that the said John Whorwood haue the said iiij1' yerely out of my londes our and beside the londes to the value of xxli mare' And also suffer ray exccutoures to take the revenues of the residue vnto suche tyme my heire be of the Age of xvj towardes the fi'yndyng and Marryages of Gabryell my yonger sonn and Anne my doughtor And after to the value of yju vnto such tyme my heire come to xxju And after to the vse of my said heire for eur. Whether the marriage thus early arranged ever took place, 1 am not aware. Peter Blyke died only a few days later, the intended bridegroom being then about 8 years old.1 He held lands in Nordley, under Thomas Lee, in Claverley ( Whytley Fields) under Humfrey Ferrers, Esq., and in Quat, under John Strangways; but this Jury know nothing of the tenures of these, or of Astley. Unfortunately, we have now reached the last of the series of Inquisitions, from which my information has been principally derived, and what other facts I have to offer are of a fragmentary character. In 1561, the custody of William, son and heir of Thomas Capell of Howcaple, co. Hereford, who died shortly after, was granted to Gabriel Blyke. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir Rowland Moreton, and died in Glouces- tershire intestate, letters of administration being granted to his widow in 1592. They had previously disposed of the reversion of their lands to the Earl of Leicester, which suggests that they were childless.2 By means 1 Esc. 16 Hen. VIII., No. 29, 17 Hen. VIIT., No. 86. There is a dis- crepancy as to the day of his death, one giving the 20th, the other the 25th September. Part of tho above is abstracted from one, part from the other, each giving some clauses which the other omits. "Mary Barston, widow, the mother of John Blyke" is referred to as still living in 1587, when she must have been of a very great age. 2 Rot. Vat. 8 Eliz., pt. 11. Weaver, Visitation of Herefordshire, lf>f>!) (Pod. of Morelon). Wills of Sir Rowland Morton, 1651 (C.P.C. Tas/te 30), And of Robert Kurl or Leicester, dat. 5 July, 1587, |>rob. G.i'.O. 1588 (J.ekeUer I.) ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 75 of Fines, we see John Blyke parting with one portion after another of his property to various purchasers in 1548, 1554, and 1555.1 In 1550, he sold his Warwick- sin re estate to Iloger and John Oldnale.2 In 1561, Elizabeth, his wife, is made party to a sale.3 In 1560, he acts as trustee to one John Wood of Warwick, who is desirous of settling the Manor of Marton or Merton, near Birdingbury, on Robert, his younger son.4 Probably, he died not long after. George, his son and heir, from 1575 to 1585, still further dissipated the wreck of the estate, to which he had succeeded.5 In 1587, we find him giving evidence in a suit relating to the lease of Graun- tam Mill, which he had sold some years before, when he is described as of Astley, and aged 34 or there- abouts.6 He then disappears from view, Mrs. Blicke of Arley, perhaps his wife, or more probably his mother, was buried at Alveley, 27th June,. 1601. 7 Astley was shortly after held by James Nicolls, but how he acquired it, I have not been able with any certainty to discover. From the series of Fines, it appears that he had been buying up one piece after another of the Blyke Estate from those to whom it had been sold, and I gather from other sources that he seriously impoverished himself in doing so; but I cannot find among these purchases any distinct mention of 1 Ped. Fin., 2 Edw. VI., Tas. ; 1 and 2 P, and M., Mich., Hit, Pas. 2 Rot. Pat. 4 Edw. VI., pt. 3. Dugdale's Warwickshire. 3 Ped. Fin., 8 Eliz., Hil. 4 Rot. Pat., 2 Eliz., pt. 3. 5 Ped. Fin., 17 Eliz., Pas., &c. See also the Patent Rolls at this time. 6 Elcoch v. Lound ; Exch. Depositions 29 and 80 Eliz., Mich., No. 12. 7 George Morris MS. Perhaps for Arley we should read Asley: a mistako I have noticed elsewhere. Astley is frequently so spelt in the Alveley Register. In 1576 and 1583, Michael Blyke and Margery, his wife, were dealing with property at Dodington ; and in 1G00 and 1601, diehard Bleek is joined with them (Ped. Fin.) At this date, a Nicholas Blicke, with a numerous family, was settled at Bromsgrove see his Will in the Prerogative Court, 1G02 (Montague 32.) 76 ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. the Manor, or of the capital messuage, of Astley. The evidence of some of the witnesses in the suit to which I have previously referred in the Court of Exchequer, seems to single out a purchase in 1597 from Sir Francis Newport, who had himself bought of George Blyke in 1585. 1 By a Fine of somewhat unusual form, levied in 1581, Humfrey Nicolls the younger, deforciant, de- scribed as tenens de consuetudinibus t& certis serviciis, re- cognises that he holds of George Blyke, the plaintiff, certain lands by fealty and the yearly rent of one penny; and for this, and no other consideration as it appears, George Blyke grants the same lands to the said Humfrey and his heirs for ever, and quit claims all right to other services and dues whatsoever ; and from the Inquisition taken in 1 600, after the death of Humfrey, it is clear that the lands thus granted were considerably greater in extent than lands he had previously held at a rent of 12s. 5d., with other services.2 Further, in 1587, when George Blyke is called to give evidence as to his title to Grauntam Mill, and the lease granted by his father, Humfrey Nicolls the elder is called especially to corroborate him. These facts may point to some connection between the two families, though altogether inadequate to support any hypothesis of inheritance ; especially as I am unable to show how James and Humfrey were related. Possibly, some Shropshire genealogist may be in a position to supplement them with fuller information.3 1 Fed. Fin., 27 Eliz., Pas.; 89 and 40 Eliz., Michs. Rot. tat., 27 Eliz., pt. 8, 39 Eliz , pt. 19. 2 I'td. Fin., 23 Eliz., Pas. ; Chancery Misc. Inq., pt. 11, no. 18. 3 Humfrey Nicolls the younger was son of Humfrey the elder, who was third son of William iSicolls of the Bowells, in the parish of Alveley. The farm, thus settled on Humfrey the younger, was Perry House, anciently The Pyrie. Jonas, his son and heir, married Margaret, daughter of Nicholas Gibbons of Shrewsbury ; their descendants were still of Perry House in 1G95. May 1 add, that i shall be very grateful to anyone who will be kind enough to help me with infor- mation regarding this family of Nicolls? ASTLEY, IN THE PARISH OF ALVELEY. 77 John de Astley (third of the name) of Nordley=p and Astley, J .310, na. 1258. | I (William ?) de Fililode=j=(Juliana ?) John de Astley=f= of Nordley and Astley, 1310. Living 1341. I Ro»er de Astley: of Nordley, 1319, ob. 1361. I I I ! Nicholas de Fililode William de Fili!ode=j=Dionisia de Thomas de Astley: of Shrewley, ob. the younger, of I Astley, ob. defunctus 26 Feb., s p. 1381. Astley, 1341, ob. | 1380. 1362. 1361. I Thomas, son of Thomas de Astley Margaret, aet. 22 and'?1 Roger atte Lee na. 1362, ob. 8, p. 1376. over 1376, ob. 1421. of Coton, 1376. John Lee, son and heir, aet. 26 and upwards, 1424. I (1) John de: Fililode,aet. 15,1361, ob. 1377. I I i (2) William (4) Giles de=Eliza- s.p. Fililode, beth. (3) Thomas heir 1400, s.p. ob. s.p. 1420. John=pKatheiine ElizL Blyke ob. 1424. bethux. Swyer 1420. John de Fililode, na. circ. 1373, ob. s.p. 1400. Richard Blyke of Astloy, aet. 28 =f Margaret, and more, 1425, ob. 1465. I ob. 1471. Richard Blyke of Astley, aet. 50 and more, 1471, ob. 1491. =p Humfrey Blyke, son and heir, aet. 30 and more, 1491, ob. 1513. =j=. Peter Blyke, son and^=Mary: remarried to Richard Blyke of New=i=Elinor, dau. heir, aet. 18, 1514, ob. 1524. Barston, and Radnor, Esq., SherilF living, a widow, 1547, ob. 1557. 1587. of James Vaughan. John Blyke of Astley=f Elizabeth Gabriel Blyke of=Margaret, dau. aet. 8 and more, 1561. co. Glouc, defs. of Sir Rowland Anne aet 1525, sold Shrewley occ. 1561. 1592. Morton, 1592. George Blyke, 1575, aged about 34, 1587. James Blyke of co. Dorothy, uxor Hereford, def. 1508, Morgan Price I Florence Elizabeth, ux. Walter Prosper. s.p of Radnor, I Joan, uxor Richard Vaughan. 78 ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. BY A. L. LEWIS, F.C.A., M.A.I. It is only in recent years that the idea has been seriously entertained, that some of the British Stone Circles were placed in special positions with regard to the most prominent hills in their immediate neighbour- hood, and, as the two principal circles in Shropshire were amongst the first instances of this arrangement that forced themselves upon my notice, a few words upon the subject may not be deemed out of place in the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society.1 The connection between the great circles at Abury in Wiltshire and the artificial mound known as Silbury Hill is so obvious that it has not been overlooked ; and the connection between Stonehenge and the single outlying stone to the north-east of it, known as the Friar's Heel, is generally recognised and considered to indicate an observance, religious or otherwise, of the sun, when rising on Midsummer day, as seen from the circles, but, I do not know that any apparent arrange- ment for similar purposes had been noticed elsewhere. When, however, I first began to investigate the circles and the questions concerning them, it appeared to me, that, if Stonehenge were designed with a special refer- 1 Kor the Map, which is enlarged by a photographic process from tiro Ordnance Map, Wo aro indebted to the courtesy of (lie Anthro- pological Institute of (Jreat Britain and Ireland. MAT HiiowiNd Tim iuixativic pomitionh (n.ic. and h.w.) of kvvmtm.mifOJJ) AND IIOAUMTONM U1U0WM, AND KtTAl'KMCY HILL. HUALH TWO I NtJlilfiM TO ON 10 MII.IC. STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. 79 ence to the rising sun, other circles most probably had a similar reference, and I found as a matter of fact that this was the case, although the reference was not always of the same nature ; for instance, while at Stonehenge and some other circles, one or more stones were placed outside the circle, at Abury and at Arborlowe there were in the centre of the circles themselves three large stones forming three sides of a square of which the open side was toward the north-east or summer sun-rising quarter, and which might be regarded as a kind of holy of holies ; as there is a high bank round each of these circles, an outlying stone would not have been seen from them, and that was probably one cause of the difference in arrangement. Outlying stones would be just as useless where circles are surrounded by high hills as where they are sur- rounded by artificial banks, but in these cases the tops of the hills themselves or a gap between them may pre- sent as good a skymark as does the point of an outlying stone rising above a comparatively level horizon. The first case in which I noticed this fact was at the circle near Penmaenmawr, where there are two fallen outlying stones in a valley to the north-east, which only serve to lead the eye toward a group of three hills — the Great Orme, and two others. The second case, as I have already intimated, was in Shropshire, at the circles known as Mitch el lsfold and the Hoarstone or Marshpool Circle; and, before proceeding further with the main question of the connection between circles and hills, it may be well that I should devote a few para- graphs to a description of these particular monuments. Mitchellsfold, Medjice's fold, or Madges Pinfold, as it has been variously called, is about seven miles west from Minsterley Station ; it consists of eight stones standing in their original positions, four fallen, one which may belong to either category, and three or four insignificant fragments. These form a ring, about ninety- two feet in diameter from north-west to south- east, and eighty-six feet from north-east to south-west, Vol. V , 2nd S. J 80 ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN the tallest stone being six feet high. The intervals between them are very irregular, and there were, probably, more than twice as many stones when the circle was complete as there are now. About half a mile due south was formerly a monument (I believe a dolmen) called the Whetstone, which is now destroyed, but there are still two single stones about 250 feet to the south of the circle. When I visited the circle in 1880 I saw a fallen stone some distance to the north- east of the circle, but I am told that this stone is not now to be found. The top of Corndon Hill, which is higher than any in the neighbourhood, is 22 J degrees east of south from the circle, but the top of the next most prominent hill — Stapeley Hill — is 40 degrees north of east from Mitchellsfold, which is precisely in the same direction as is the "Friar's Heel" from Stone- henge. In the same line also is the second circle which I have to describe — the Hoarstone or Marshpool Circle — the top of Stapeley Hill being, as nearly as possible, half way between the two, and still in the same line, beyond the Hoarstone, are three lower hills. It is doubtful whether both Mitchellsfold and the Hoarstone Circles can be seen from any one point on Stapeley Hill, and the position of the hill with regard to the circles might therefore be thought to be a mere accidental coincidence if there were no similar cases, but as there are several to be cited presently, the intention in this case can hardly be doubted. The Hoarstone Circle is about seventy-four feet in daimeter, and consists of thirty-three stones and frag- ments, the general size of which is from two to three feet in height, width, and thickness ; the largest stone is in the middle of the circle, a little to the south-west of the centre, and is only about three feet and a half high, but as the ground is soft and swampy, the stones may be sunk to some depth in it, and their original height may have been greater, and if so, the bottom of the central stone, which now leans to the south-west, may be nearly at the centre of the circle. Many of the STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. 81 stones have artificial holes in them, these, however, are not ancient, but have been drilled by the miners, who load them with powder and tire them when a wedding takes place in the neighbourhood. Their resorting to the circle on such occasions may possibly be a survival of some ancient custom. Mitchellsfold, otherwise Madge's Pinfold or Milking Fold, is said to have received its name in consequence of a legend connecting it with a cow that gave milk enoughfor all honest people who wanted any, until some witch or other wicked person drew her milk into a sieve, from which time the cow disappeared. Father Smiddy, in his " Druids, Ancient Churches, and Round Towers of Ireland," mentions various traditions of white cows (and also of red and brown, but not of black cows) in connection with the rude stone monuments and the Druids of that country. The only other circle which I have heard of as exist- ing in Shropshire is on Penywein Hill, about two miles south from Clun. I have not seen it myself, but Mr. G. Luff, who formerly lived at Clun, informs me that it has been so defaced and obliterated that it cannot be found without a guide ; from his description, it appears to have been about thirty yards in diameter, and to have had an outlying stone, ten feet high, about 120 yards to the south-east.1 I now return to the main question under considera- tion— the connection between the circles and the hills near them. Of this there are two instances in Cumber- land. One is near Keswick, where the circle is so placed thai the two mountains which are by far the most noticeable from it, both on account of their size 1 I should be much obliged to any archaeologist living near this circle, or near that at Kerry Hill, in Montgomeryshire, who would go to them and take the exact bearings of all the hill tops in sight, and send them to me, with a sketch of them if possible, stating which are the most noticeable, and whether the bearings are magnetic or true. My address is 54, Highbury Hill, London, N, 82 ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN and their proximity, appear in an equidistant and sym- metrical position, Skiddaw presenting a single peak in a north-westerly direction, and Blencathra presenting the appearance of a triple peak in a north-easterly direction, while a much smaller eminence rises between the two, nearly due north, opposite to which is the entrance to the circle. The other is at the Swinside Circle, where the top oi Black Combe, the highest and most prominent hill near, is due south-west from the circle, a group of three small hills being to the north- east of it, as at the Hoarstone Circle in Shropshire. The most conclusive evidence that circles were some- times placed in special relation to hills is, however, to be found in Cornwall. On Bodmin Moors are to be found the highest hills in the county, and also several circles of considerable size and tolerably well preserved, although the stones composing them are small. The granite crops out from the top of each of the hills, as it usually does in Cornwall, and forms a number of striking points against the sky-line, which would afford excellent marks whereby to fix the variations of sunrise or star-rise. Five of these circles occur on about three square miles of moor, and the two most southerly ones can be seen the one from the other, but undulations in the ground conceal the other three both from these two and from each other. The two most northerly circles, though not visible the one from the other, are in the same line with the top of Brown Willy, the highest hill in Cornwall, which is nearly due east from them, and which, when seen from the most distant — the Stannon Circle — presents in a very peculiar manner the appear- ance of a triple peak, such as we have already noted in other places. Hough Tor, standing up nearly a mile nearer, with a remarkable pile of granite on its top, is, however, the most prominent hill as seen from this circle, and is in the right direction for the summer sun- rise. The other circle (Fernacre), which is in the same lino with Brown Willy as the Stannon Circle, has Bough Tor nearly due north of it, and Carrow (another STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. 83 True N. Rough Tor. . Stannon O Circle. Fernacre ° # Circle. Brown Willy, Garrow. Smaller Tors. N.E., from the Stripplo Stones. Hawkstor O O Stripple Stones Trippet Circle. Stones Circle. S. Diagram showing relative positions of hills and circles near Camel- ford, Cornwall, measured from the Ordnance Map, scale one inch to one mile. Taking— (a little less than a fifth of a mile) as a unit, the distances on the level are (with less than one per cent error) : — Trippet Stones to Stripplo Stones ... ... ... 4 „ „ Stannon 16 ,, ,, Fernacre ... ... ... ... 1G| Stripplo Stones to „ ... ... ... ... 15 Stauuon to ,, ... ... ... ... 6 ,, to Stripplo Stones ... ... ... lGj Leaze O Circle. 84 ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN hill) nearly due south of it, and one of the most southerly of these circles — the Stripple Stones — is on the other side of Garrow, but in the same line ; from it in fact, the top of Rough Tor may be seen over the top of Garrow, and nearly due north. The other of these most southerly circles — the Trippet Stones — is also in the same line with Rough Tor, as is a fifth and inter- mediate circle near Leaze farm. Here then are five circles so arranged that they form three different lines pointing to the two highest and most remarkable hills in Cornwall. It seems impossible to believe that is is a mere accident, and the only debatable question appears to be whether the circles wereconstructed independently, and possibly at different times, or as part of one great scheme. The fact that the two Shropshire circles are about equidistant from the top of Stapeley Hill favours the view that they had a relation the one to the other, and there are some very remarkable coincidences in the proportions of the dis- tances between four out of the five circles which adjoin Brown Willy and Rough Tor, but these distances are taken on the level map (six inch ordnance) and the ground between the circles is of the most unlevel description. If, therefore, the distances were intended to bear the proportions which are shown on the map, the men who laid the circles out must have contrived a means of taking levels to enable them to neutralise the great inequalities of the ground. I do not think that it would have been beyond their intelligence to do this with no more elaborate apparatus than one or two long narrow thin planks, a plummet, and some wooden pegs and rods ; on the contrary, I think it more likely that they did so than that the exactly proportionate distan- ces shown on the map are purely accidental. The most practical, if not the most interesting ques- tion, however, is what was the object or meaning of arranging circles in special directions to or from hills or outlying stones? For most of those, who in olden times frequented the circles, the answer to this question may STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. 85 have been sun-worship, s tax- worship, mountain- worship, phallic worship, or in some cases ancestor- worship, or a combination of some or all of these ; but it is probable that, for those who planned the circles, and for the initia- ted amongst those who frequented them, they may have served (in addition to any of those forms of idolatry) as observatories for fixing the varying points of rising of the sun and stars, and obtaining other astronomical knowledge, useful both in itself and as a means of impressing the vulgar with a belief in their superior power and learning.1 It has lately become the fashion to consider the circles as burial places and nothing more, and those who hold that view have no explanation to offer con- cerning the arrangement of the circles in connection with hills or with outlying stones, but, although there were interments in some circles, there are others in which no interments have been found, so that burial does not appear to have been their only or even their principal object. The same arguments which are used now to show that the circles were tombs and nothing more, might be used a few thousand years hence with equal force and precision, to show that Westminster Abbey was a place of interment and nothing else. Stone circles are still used in India for purposes of sacrifice, and, says Major Conder in his " Jleth and Moab," " the circle is a sacred enclosure, without which the Arab still stands with his face to the rising sun ' ' ; this would seem to have been the favourite position of sun worshippers, for Ezekiel (viii. 16), saw in a vision " about live and twonty men, with their backs toward the Temple of Jehovah, and their faces toward the east, and they worshipped the sun toward the east." The top of the Mount of Olives was, however, to the east of that Temple, and once a year the priests went in procession from the 1 Numerous articles bearing on this subject have appeared from time to time in " Nature" during the last two years (1891-2.) 86 STONE CIRCLES AND ADJACENT HILLS. Temple to the top of the Mount of Olives, and sacrificed a heifer, and sprinkled the blood toward the door of the sanctuary, and according to the Talmud the eastern wall of the Temple was made lower than the others, so that the priest might see the door of the sanctuary from the Mount of Olives. This connection between the Temple and the mountain was possibly a survival of an older worship adopted with or without modification by the Jewish priests, just as many old practices have been adopted and adapted by the priests of the Roman, of the Greek,1 and even of Protestant churches, and it may be that similar processions passed between the circular temples and the hills of our own country in former days. The J e wish sacrifice of the heifer may even recal to our mind the cow legends mentioned in connection with Mitchellsfold and with the Irish monuments. 1 Many of the highest points of Greece and its islands were anciently dedicated to Helios (the Sun) and afterwards by the Greek Church to Elias, for well understood reasons. Following this precedent the Russian adherents of the Greek Church named what appeared to be the highest point in Alaska Mount St. Elias. CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. Transcribed by LLEWELLYN JONES. Continued Jrom 2nd Series, Vol. IV., p. 174. 1691-1692. Churchwardens. Samuel Bowdler & Edward Robinson Disbursements. pd for proclamacon & booke for the fast .. pd for ringing for the victory over the Irish at Aghrim ... pd for ringing at twice for the surrendr of Lymrick ... pd for ringing for the news at Councill board pd the apparator for a booke for the day of thankesgiveing Item pd Mr Moone for 2 Candlesticks & other things done to the organ pd for ringing at twice for our Burgesses of Parliament being confirmed ... pd Mr Robinson for a new Bible... pd the apparitor for a booke for a fast for this yeare ... pd for scouring the Carpett for the Com- union table pd for a whip to the use of the Beedle pd for ringing at twice for the Conquest over the tfrench fleet 1st Junii 1G92. Granted then to the Bayliffes Burgesses fcComonaltie of the Towne of Ludlow for the time being and their successors all those seven sev'all Pewes Seates and knecleinge pl.ices By the Right Ilono'ble the Lord President the Countesse or Presidents Vol. V., 2nd S. K 00 01 00 00 02 06 00 05 00 00 02 06 00 01 00 00 05 00 00 05 00 03 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 06 00 00 02 00 06 00 88 churchwardens' accounts Lady the J ustices of the late Coy of the Councell in and for the Marches of Wales the Bayliffes of the said towne of Ludlow the Pursepliants servants and attendants of the said President & Justices Richd Cupper Alderman Mr Rowland Earsley & his wife Mr John Pearce & his wife and ffortune Earsley widow now or lately heretofore scv'ally held and enjoyed to the use of the Bayliffes Recorder Justices Aldermen Com'on Councill & Town Clerk of the said towne of Ludlow for the time being and their successors for ever And then also granted to the said Bayliffes, Burgesses and Comonalty & their Successors all those two other Powes Scates or Kneeleing places in the sev'all possessions of Olive Atkinson Sarah Purefoy widow Richd Cole Mercer and Bridgett his wife to have to them and their successors from and I'mediately after the expira'con or other determina'con of the sev'all respective grants or Interests therin now in bcin? to the like uses for ever all which said severall Pewes seates or Kneeleing places are situate in the p'ish Church of Sfc Lawrence in Ludlow afores'd and extend from the Pillar agst which the Pulpitt stands and the said Pulpitt and the readinge deske on the East to the Pewes seates or Kneeleing places in the sev'all possessions of ffrances Bowdler widow Thomas Haughton Mercer & Thomas Jones on the west and from the He leading to Sl Johns Chauncell on the north to the lie leading to the High Chauncell in the said Church on the South and Reed for the said Grant of the said Bayliffes Burgesses and Comonalty to the uso of the s'd p'ish the sume of live shillings. 1092-lGOa Churchwardens. John Dipple and John Taylor. Disbursements. Expended at the Bargaineing for the worko done at the Church ... ... ... 00 03 00 pd Mr Martin for an ounce of silver & mak- ing a new the Covers for the Comunion Bowles ... ... .. ... 00 10 00 pd to William Crow for Iron work belonging to the Church & bells ... ... 05 01 04 pd for mending & making wheeles to the bells1 ... ... ... ... 05 00 00 pd I )' Bulkloy for writeing the transcript... 00 05 10 I To Abrahum Ituddnll, OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 89 May y« 25th 1G93 Att a Parish Meeting then It is likewise ordered that the Churchwardens for the time being doe with what convenient speed they cann take down the topp of the Towne Wall from the end of the stepps leading into the parsonage garden unto the wall adjoyneing to the end of the widow Bishopps garden and cause the same wall from the one end to the other to be made of an equall height about breast high and that the said Churchwardens be allowed for the same in their accompts. Aprill the 9th 1694. Att a parish meeting then It is ordered that the Church- wardens for the time being doe permitt William Hunt batch to take downe his two bells not doeing any injury to the Church and without putting the parish to any charge or that the same Churchwardens doe deliver the same to him at the said William Huntbatch his owne Charge. 1693- 1G94. Churchwardens. — Benjamin Karver & Thomas Hitchcott. Att a p'ish meeting holden the 7th day of June 1694 It is ordered that the sexton Churchwardens and such other persons as they shall thinke fitt doe take a view of the Chimes & take care that they be put in order & likewise that ye Church- wardens by a new bier cloath & new surplice for the reader at the parish charge. 1694- 1695. Churchwardens. Edward Lea and William Richards. Disbursements. Spont at y° Surveying of ye Chimes ... 00 04 00 Item pd for ringing for yu taking of Namur Castle ... ... ... ... 00 02 06 1695- 1696. Churchwardens. Thomas Tilloson & Edward Paine. Disbursements. pd George Browne for a booke of dircccons to the Bishopps & Arch Bi'pps &c. ... 00 01 00 pd the Ringers for Ringing for the King's deliv'ance from the Assassination ... 00 02 06 pd tho Ringers on Thanksgivoing Aprill yu 16th ... ... ... 00 05 00 90 CHURCH WARDENS* ACCOUNTS 1696- 1697. Churchwardens. James Meyricke and Thomas Hughes. Then ordered that the Churchwardens of the said parish for the time being may give to poore passengers comeing through this towne such reliefe as they shall thinke fit or the Bayliffes for the time being shall appoint not exceeding twenty shillings dureing the time of their office. Then likewise ordered that St. John's be allowed fYree without being taxed to the Church dureing the time of Mr Thomas Hinton's Lease. Disbursements. Pd for a hearse ... ... ... 00 04 06 pd for ringing when the King returned from fflandrs ... .. ... ... 00 05 00 1697- 1698. Churchwardens. Jacob Davies and John Wilding. Disbursements. Mr Robinson for a Comon prayer booke ... 00 12 00 Spent sev'all times in agreeing about making the Chimes .. ... ... 00 08 01 for ringing in the Chief Justice of Chester 00 02 06 for ringing for the Kings returne from fflandra ... ... ... ... 00 05 00 for ringing on the second of December being the day of thanksgiving for the peace ... 00 10 00 for 2 sconces for the font ... ... 00 01 04 1698- 16991. Churchwardens. — Edward Bishop & James Wikes. Disbursements. for ringing at the Kinges returne from Holland ^ 00 05 00 Wm Wareing for makeing the Chimes ... 1 1 00 00 pd Richard Vale for a box to keep the Com- munion Table Cloath & hearse Cloath ... 00 05 00 for 8 yds of black cloath to cover the hearse 68p'yard 02 08 00 for 7 yds of green e cloathe to cover the Comunion table 02 02 00 1 In this year it won ilooidod by (ho parishioners to insert a clause in future grants of [>e\vs to make bUcIi pews uniform. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 91 00 02 06 00 01 00 Bo wen. 00 01 00 02 01 06 00 05 04 00 01 OS 00 18 00 00 16 00 00 01 014 00 00 06 for silke & fine drawing for sewing the fringe on the Communion Table Cloath 1699-1700. Churchwardens. John Bach & Rich Disbursements, pd for the Bishops Letter & a p'clamacon pd for a fringe for the Communion Table cloth pd for casting the little Bell with addition of mettall and Carriage Spent on workemen for looking on the pinacles ... pd for 3 yds of Cloath for the Deske pd for fringe for ye Deske Cloath pd John Lewis for putting it on & for silke pd Wm Evans for bringing Lead from the Castle At a gen'all meeting of the s'd parish of Sl Lawrence Ludlow at the usuall place of meeting the twentieth day of June 1700 It was & is ordered That all & every p'son & p'sons who have or hath any seat or kneeling in the p'ish Church of this parish and doe not otherwise pay Scott and Lott in the sd p'ish shall from hence forth pay two shillings p' annum for every ^kneeling he she or they shall soe enjoy. And it is likewise ordered that all p'sons who belong to any of the ffraternityes of the said Towne who have any seates or kneelings in the sd Church belonging to their sayd i'raternityes shall pay to the present Churchwardens of the sd Towne the arreares of four pence apiece for their Admission to the sd seates and pay for the future as they shall bo admitted into the sd seates or kneeleings four pence a piece as aunciently hath becne accustomed. At a vestrey held for the sd p'ish the 1st day of July 1701 Ordered that from henceforward the charge of the trained souldiers for the sd Towne be assessed on the Inhabitants by a pound rate as for the Church & poore to be gathred by the Constables. 1700-1701. Churchwardens. Rob1 Kerry & Humphrey Morley. Disbursements. pd Mr Small man for his trouble at Shrews- bury ... ... ... ... 01 00 00 92 churchwardens' accounts for my owne Jorney & horse hire pd Mr Martin for mending the Chalice and adding halfe an ounce of Silver for idling the Engine ... pd for a table for the vestrey 1701- 1702.1 Churchwardens. Nicholas ftbthergill & Nat Disbursements. pd as bounty money to Travellers pd the Ringers for the landing of the King pd the Ringers at the p'claimeing the Queene pd the Ringers for the p'cession... pd a man to help to put in the gudging in the 7th bell... pd Wm Piper & Thomas Child as by agree mt2 pd for buns wiges & ale for the boyes at the p'ssession ... 1702- 1703. Churchwardens. Disbursements pd for whiggs3 ale & buns at the p'cession pd for ringing for the p'cession ... Aprell y° 29 pd for ringing for good newes pd for a napkin for the Comunion 1703- 1704. Churchwardens. Joseph Pcarco & William Pago. Disbursements. Pd to a sea capt. by the request of Bayliti' Dipple & Mr ffenton... ... ... 00 05 00 To the ringers when the Speaker came home 00 03 00 after when the speaker came to town ... 00 02 00 1704- 1705. Churchwardens. Sonierscti Davies & Wdliam Jones. 01 00 00 00 07 06 00 00 04 00 08 00 el Brasier. 01 00 00 00 05 00 00 10 00 00 02 06 00 01 00 10 15 00 00 09 05 00 10 06 00 02 06 00 02 06 00 04 00 1 On the 5th December, 1701, there was collected for the "Brcfo" of « LemsW Church .CI 4 7k. Ojd; 2 The Agreement was to pluister and wash the Church of St. Lawrence with the four Chauncels. 3 A small cake. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 93 Disbursements. pd for ringing for boating the Bavarian ... 050 pd for a whip for the Beedle ... ... 0 0 2 1705-170G. Churchwardens. John Davies & Thomas Meyricke. Disbursements. pd the ringors for Ringing when the ffrench lines were broak pd ye apparitor for a prayer book for the same pd for a bell rope which weighed 121 pd Charles Woodall as by bill for ye chancell pd Perkinson ye Glazier as by bill pd for ale & wiggs in y° New House at ye p'cossion ... pd for ringing for ye victory in Brabant ... pd Woodall for Timber for ye Pyramids ... pd for ye Cock of ye Dyall pd to Jeremy Stead for serving ye wardens of Clungunford pd for raisinge & paveing ye 2 Isles 170G-1707. Churchwardens. Thomas Hemus & Richd Plumer. Disbursements. pd y° apparitor for a printed paper to alter ye Liturgy... ... ... ... 0 0 6* At a Meeting of the Churchwardens & Sides men of the p'ish & p'sh Church of St. Lawrence in the Town of Ludlow held in the said pish Church for Laying the Lewn for repair of the sd CI mrch the fourteenth day of August one thousand seven hundred & soven it appeing that tho organ in the said Church is out of Tune & much out of Repaire it is ordered that the p'sent Churchwardens of ye sd p'ish do at the charge of tho sd p'ish with all Convenient Speed p'curo tho same to bo repaired & tuned in such sort as the Bayiiffs of tho sd Town for the; time being & tho sd Church-wardens shall think fitt and that tho said Churchwardens with tho assistance of tho said Bay 1 ill's shall have power by virtue of this ordr to con- tract & pay for the doing thereof. 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 2 12 0 9 8 0 7 6 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 16 0 94 churchwardens' accounts 1707-1708. Churchwardens. Luke Spencer & Edwd Wilding. Disbursements. pd y* Beedles their years Sallary ... 0 6 0 pd for Tuneing the organ by receipt ... 22 10 0 pd Wra Pitt Plummer as by bill ... 15 03 0 pd Charles Woodall for mending a step at y6 Bull Door ... ... ... 0 2 6 December the 22nd 1708. Mr Thomas Meyrick one of the Comon Council of this town hath generously given a branch or Candlestick of eighteen Lights to Bee hang'd up Beetween the master Beame over the font and ye next summer westward and ther to Remaine and in case any Churchwarden or wardens of the sd parish or any other person by vertue of any order or orders of any vestry to bee holden for this parish herafter shall presume to Remove ye sd Candlestick to any other part of this church then ye sd Guift to bee forfeited and Revert to ye sd Mr Meyrick or his heires wtcU shall bee then In being. Wee the Church wardons and sidesmen underwritten Do unanimously agree wth the above written Contract Witness or hands Nath. King ) m, , 3 Villa' De John Wright} Churchwardens Lu(Uowe Tho Hmton) B Hffs Rich. Davies J J y Sidesmen j Justices. E. Smalman 1 ifad Com. Cler. j Richard Whitney ^ Luke Spencer James Hyiid Wm Pearce Luke Wheeler Ralph BottereL I Charles fFenton Rector doe likowise Concur wth the above mentioned Agreem' witness my hand Ciia. Fenton. 1708-1709. Churchwardens. Nathaniel King & John Wright. Disbursements, pd Matthew Procco for cleaning y° Little House pd John Lewis the Cl'rc pd John Brampton Sexton pd for a book of thanksgivcing 1 0th of August 0 2 0 5 (i 8 2 1 8 0 0 I 0 0 7 6 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 2 6 0 5 0 0 0 3 1 13 6 1 0 0 OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 95 for ringing for the surrendr of Lisle 29th Octobris ... ... ... 0 90 for ringing when they passed over yc scheld 0 5 0 Spent with the Churchwarden of Ludford & Mr J ordan ... ... ... 010 1709- 1710. Churchwardens. Kichd Whitman & Wm Holland. Disbursements, for ringing for taking Tournay ... pd for ringing for our victory over the ffrench army given a poor man whose house was burnt... pd for engraving madam Arabella Herbert plate Aprill 18th pd for ringing upon forcing ye ffrench Lines for Soap to wash ye Kings Arms Expences to Birmingham for G psons for 3 horses hire 1710- 1711. Churchwardens. Samuel Powys &; Ralph Harris. Disbursements. Impre pd by ordr of Hr Bayliffs at ye New- house for tobaco ... ..." ... o 0 6 pd by order to a minister going to Ireland 0 2 0 Spent on ye Sidesmen at ye Crown ... 0 2 0 Att a Meeting of tho Inhabitants and Parishioners of the parish of Saint Lawrence in tho Town of Ludlow in the County of Salop upon Friday ye 22nd day of June 1711 for laying the Church Lewn held before George Long gent, head Bayliff William Pryce gent. Deputy Wm Glower Esqr Low Bailiff of the sd Town James Long and Edward Powys being Churchwardens. Ordered that tho Churchwardens for the future be not allowed anything for money disbursed & given to poor travellers or other poore persons but such as shall be ordered by the Bayliffs of ye sd Town for the time being by notes undr their hands. Then also ordered that for tho future the Churchwardens of tho sd parish do pay to the organist of tho sd Town & his successors four pounds p'ann out of tho church Lewn at four quiirt'ly paymts upon yo same days as his sallary from Vol. V., 2nd S. -L. 96 churchwardens' accounts ye Corporacon is payable as an encrease of his sd Sallary for his better maintenance. Ordered also that the Churchwardens for the future be not allowed above fourteen shillings for expenses in eating and in drinking at swearing ye Churchwardens & sidesmen. 1711- 1712. Churchwardens. James Long and Edward Powis. Att a parish Meeting held on the 6th day of June 1712 It is unanimously consented that if any parishioner of this parish or other p'son that hath any seat or kneeling in the sd parish Church shall at any time hereafter directly or indirectly take any money or other thing to permit any person to sit or kneel in any of their seat or for assigning setting over or surrendring such seats .... the grant of such p'son so taking shall be utterly void and that it shall be lawful for the Churchwardens for the time being to grant such seates to such other person .... as they shall think fit and that this Clause shall be added to all grants Disbursements. pd for wine by bill ... ... ... 07 0 0 pd for a dinner at ye feathers ... .., 0 17 0 pd for 12 doz. of wiggs 15 qts of ale 1 quarter of tobacco & 5 quarts of cider for ye p'cession ... ... ... ... 0 13 2 1712- 1713. Churchwardens. Richard Perkes & Ralph Bottorell. Disbursements. To y° Ringrs for ye surrendr of Dunkirk ... 0 5 0 To the Ring™ for Dr Sacheverell's sentence being expired ... ... ... 0 5 0 1713- 1714. Churchwardens. George Walcott & Thomas Hill. 1714- 1715. Churchwardens. Cornwall Whittney & VVredenhall Pearce. 171 5- 1 71 G. Churchwardens. John Shepheard & George Brunt. 171G-17I7. Churchwardens. John Wolley and Richard Ileming. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 97 June Gth 1717. At a publick Meeting of the parishioners . , . It is unanimously agreed and ordered by the consent of the Rector that candles for the future in the Christmas be burned only at six of the Clock in the morning and at evening prayer these days following viz. Christmas Day Sunday after Christmas day New Years Day and twelfth day And that the Reader for the future do read prayers at six of the clocke in the morning every day from the last day of fiebruary till the first day of November yearly and it is also ordered that the Churchwardens for the time being do pay to the said Reader as a Sallary for doeing the same the sume of ten pounds in manner following vizfc five pounds on every first day of July and five pounds on every first day of November yearly and it is further ordered that the Churchward"3 do pay to the Clerk and Sexton ten shillings a piece upon the days above menconed for paym1 of the Readers Sallary for their trouble in attending the aforesaid service And that the first paym4 of the sd sev'all sallaries be made upon the first day of July next And that the Sexton do ring and toll the prayer bell a quarter of an hour together before six of the Clocke in the morning every day dureinge the aforesaid time. Ordered that upon the buryall of any person who receives almes from the parish the fifth bell only shall be tolled and that all such persons dyeing shall be brought to the Church alwayes at Evening Prayer to be buryed and no other time for the future. May 26th 1718. At a publick vestry then held for the parish it is ordered that ffrancis Watkins the eldr of this parish standing excom- municate for not paying two shillings threepence charged upon him in the Church Lown a writ of Excommunicato Capiendo1 bo sued out & put in execus'on ag8t him at the charge of the parish. 1717-1718. Churchwardens. Wm Nevo and Wm Edwards. Disbursements. Octr 12th pdto Workmen for taking down the old wcathor cock ... 0 8 2 1 A Writ directed to tho Sheriff for apprehending him who stood obstinately excommunicated. Imprisonment in tho County Gaol till tho ollender was reconciled to the Church. 98 churchwardens' accounts pd Wm Bright for 8 new Bell Ropes as p bill 19 0 pd Katharine Richards for dressing the Church at Christmas ... ° ... () 9 6 Novr 18th pd to the workmen & Labourers for helping up the new Weather Cock pole in money meate & drink ... ] 0 0 Jany 14th pd for a Sheet almanack for the Vestry ... ... 0 0 4 pd John Wilson for matting for the High Cliancell ... ... .. °mm.m 0 6 4i pd for a Church bible & 2 Comon prayer bookes 5 6 0 1718-1719.1 Churchwardens. Richd Browne & Thomas Tarbuck. Disbursements. pd Wm Evans for wattering the young trees 0 2 0 Spent upon the workmen & others in assisting to secure the west window from falling ... ... ... 0 16 Spent upon the 2 Birmingham men that came on p'pose to advise about the window at Mr Ling's ... ... 0 2 0 pd for their Entertainm1 & horses at the Crown ... ... ... ... 0 9 10 pd them for their Journey & Trouble ... 2 2 0 pd ffrancis Richards for moulding and buding the Trees in the Churchyard . . o 1 4£ pd for drink for ye p'sons yfc helped to un- load the stone for flagging the Chancells 0 10 Vestry Meeting of the 9th February 1719. Whereas it doth manifestly appear that notwithstanding the Church Lewn of this parish hath been for many years last past very considerable and is now come to three shillings p' pound Yet the sums thereby raised are far short of what are needfull for the Repairs of the Church, the Roofc with the covering of Lead and stone work in the windows (Through length of time) being now so decayed that it must necessarily bo made almost all new which with other incident Repairs the charge will amount to a great sum much beyond what can bo 1 In this your Ricluinl IVrkos, Town Clerk, succeeded Edward Sinallnnui, lute Town Clerk, as Clerk of Hie parish. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. gathered by Lewnes Tis therefore desired by the Inhabitants of this pariah at this Meeting assembled that the Reverend Mr Cornwall and Mr Wolley do not only ask the Charitable assistance of the Gentlemen and sufficient Inhabitants of this Town but also of all such persons as they shall think fitt. And it is also ordered that the charges & expenses of the sd Mr Cornwall & Mr Wolley in that behalf be defrayed out of such contribucon. 1719- 1720. Churchwardens. John Holland & Rowland VVynn. Receipts. Imprimis Charges by Lewne ... .. 150 04 08 Disbursements. for the window1 ... ... ... 101 05 01 paid to Charles Steward as an object of Charity having his substance burnt by fire 00 05 00 1720- 1721. Churchwardens. Henry Dav'es & Thomas Vernon, pd for ringing 2 days for the Young prince 0 7 6 Vestry Meeting of the 18th March 1721. Ordered that three dozen of Leather Bucketts Together with two Leather Gutt8 for the Conveyance of Carriing water from the Engines as alsoe four large bucks be Bolt by the Churchwardens or Theire ordr at the expence of the parish . ... It is alsoe agreed that the two Engines together with the leather bucketts & two Gutt8 aforesaid shall be kept and preserved in the Weavers Chancoll of the Church of St. Lawrence aforesd There shall bn a Lock with four keys each Churchwarden to keop one The Sexton one and the Engeneore one. Ordered that Wm Bird have twenty shillings p. an. for keep- ing The Engines in Repaire & That he shall play them The First week in Every month alowing him the further sume of two shillings six pence each time he playes ym to be spent upon the Assistants. 1721- 1722.2 Churchwardens. ( Henry Jordan & Richd Tongue. 1 Iron 47c 3(i @ 20/-« p' C. ... ... 47 03 00 (Jlass ... ... ... ... 07 00 00 2 In this year it was resolved to pay the Parish Clerk during the pleasure of the Inhabitants 20/- yearly for ringing the Bell for prayers. 100 churchwardens' accounts 1722- 1723. Churchwardens. Samuel Billingsley & John Corne. 1723- 1724. Churchwardens, ffrancis pryce & Edward Harris. 1724- 1725. Churchwardens. Richard Knight & Richard Rickards. 1725- 1726. Churchwardens. Cassar Hawkins & James Wilde. Receipts. Charged by Lewne ... ... ... 149 10 9 Disbursements, pd for 2 Tun & 30 foote of Timber & carriage from Croft... ... ... ... 5 15 6 1726- 1727. Churchwardens. Edward Botterell & Thos. Jones. Pd Adam prattington for Lead .. . ... 28 16 3 To Edward Wood for lead ... ... 20 3 0 Half a Years Interest on ye £50... ... 01 05 0 Journey to Bewdley to buy Lead . . 00 07 06 1727- 1728. Churchwardens. Edward Baughe & James Payne. Disbursements. Paid Mr Wolley of a Bond and Interest due upon the same1 ... ... ... 51 05 00 pd Edward Turford for ale for the Charity Children ... ... ... ... 00 02 02 Paid to David James for a Yew Tree and Setting the same ... ... ... 00 02 06 1728- 1729.2 Churchwardens. Henry Jordan & Richard Tongue. 1729- 1730. Churchwardens. Sam1 Davies & Benjn Monger. Receipts. The Generous Guift of Richd Knight Esq.. . . 10 10 0 1 Money borrowed for the use of the Church. 2 Church Lewn laid at 1 /- in the £ for the year. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 101 1730- 1731. Churchwardens. Richard Plummer the Yr & Benj" Howton. Receipts. The Generous Guift of Rowland Baugh & ffras Herbert Esqres to pay for the new Church Door ... ... ... 03 3 0 Disbursements, pd John Pearce for a rope to Hang up Judge Powy's Lathrn y* he gave to this parish... 0 2 10 pd Rd Goudge for the Lock for the new Church Door ... ... .. 0 10 0 1731- 1732. Churchwardens. William Bright & Roger Phillips. It will be convenient to give here a list of the Briefs.1 1731 Aug. 8th To Evesham Church in ye County of Worcester „ Sept. 19 To Misley Church in ye County of Essex „ 8ber 17 To Tetbury Church in ye County of Gloucester „ 8ber 31 To Chapel en le frith Church in y° County of Derby ... „ 9bcr 14 To Wyersdale Chapel in ye County of Lancaster „ Jany 23 To Broughton Salney Church in ye County of Nottingham 1732 Mar. 24 To Landaff Cathedrall in ye County Glamorgan „ May 14 To Sherminster Church in the County of Dorsett „ June 11 To Bozcatt by fire in the County of Gloucester ... ,, „ 18 To all Saints Hastings Church in ya County of Sussex ... ,, July 23 To Wotton under Edge (fire) in the County of Gloucester ,, Aug1 To Bishops Norton Church „ 7bi:r To Stowerbridge Church 1 Briefs or licenses to make collections for repairing Clnircac3, restoring loss by fire, &c. ; 0 13 4 0 17 6 0 13 6 0 8 7* 0 6 6 0 8 0 3 1 8 0 10 3 0 9 0 0 11 o* 0 7 5 0 8 6 0 14 10 102 churchwardens' accounts „ 9ber To Draycott Church ... , , 9ber To Calcott Church ... „ febry 16 To Ramsey fire & inundation in the County of Huntingdon ,, xber 4 To Manton Church in the County of Rutland „ feby 18 To Wells Church in the County of Lincoln ,, Nov. 3 To Abby Lanercost Church in ye County of Cumberland „ D° 18 To Newbold upon Avon in the County of Warwick 17:33 May To Austerfield Church ,, June to Maddington Church June to Blandford fire July to Aberbrothock water July to Wood plumpton Church „ Aug. To Dudley Church ... Aug. To Barton Church ... „ 7ber 16 Monmouth Church in ye County of Monmouth ... „ 7btr 30 Conington Church in ye County of Cambridge ... „ 8bur 28 Mitchel Dean Church in ye County of Gloucester ... ,, xber 9th North Stoneham fire in the County of Southampton ,, Feby 17 Schremby Church in the County of Lincoln „ Mar. 17 Whitfield (fire) in the County of Sumersett ... ,, May 12 Rufford Church in the County of Lancaster ... ,, June 9th Redmarley & Deangate Church in the County of Worcester & Stafford „ Aug. 18th Erchfont (fire) in the County of Wilts ,, 7ber 1 Christleton Church in ye County of Chester ,, 7ber 15 Ayelsburry (fire) in ye County of Bucks The Church Lewn was fixed at 2/- in the £ for this year, ilkihdrd Wilding Clerk was continued to read six o'clock prayers at a Salary of XIO por aim. 0 10 0 0 9 8 6 15 8 0 11 1 0 8 8 0 8 7 0 11 2 0 11 3 0 10 4 11 4 0 0 10 6 0 10 0 0 8 5 0 9 1 0 12 4 0 6 11 0 13 3i 0 6 7 0 7 6 0 10 Ik 0 o 8 0 0 7 n 0 12 ii 0 6 5 0 12 5 OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 103 Parish Meeting 2nd February, 1731. Then a vote was proposed whether the Great Bell shd be cast alone or whither yt togethr wth the other seven shod be pulled down & cast. And after a vote being had t'was by a majority of one & twenty to ten carried that the whole eight shod be cast a now. 23rd March 1731. Ordrd that Abraham Ruddall of Gloucestr Bellfoundr be sent for to this town in ordr to Treat of his price for the new cast- ing of the Old Bells. 3rd Aprill 1732. Ordered . . . That he the sd Abraham Ruddall do recast the sd Bells into eight other Tuneable substantiall Bells as near in weight to the old ones as possible & the Town Gierke Draw proppor Article Between the sd Abraham Ruddall & the prsent Churchwardens. Receipts. Charged by Lewne ... ... ... 101 4 0 By Chas Fenton Rector Towards the Steps at ye Desk Door ... ... 00 10 0 By Collection from Birmingham... ... 21 5 0 By Collection from Whitchurch... ... 0 15 0 By token money ... ... ... 015 0 Mr Wylde & Mr Harding Admission into Stychmens seate ... .. ... 0 0 8 Disbursements. Daniel Hurst painter as p bill for painting SUo110 Chancell ... ... ... 714 0 Horses & Expenses To a Journey of 4 persons to Birmingham & Whitechurch ... 6 17 0 Robert Davies' bill to step & desk ... 2 3 3 March 31 To a Reckoning to Treat Mr Ruddall 0 2 6 April 2nd To expenses to Birmingham & Horse Hire ... ... ■• 3 13 To Rob1 Davies for Repairs to St. Johns Chancell 5 3 10 To W,n Wittle for Glasseing St. Jo118 Chancell 7 17 10 To a Journey to Whitechurch wth Mr Wilding 2 6 10 To four letters from Mr Ruddall of Glocester Bellfounder Two from Mr Wrigley of Manchester Bidlhanger ... ... 0 10 Repairs of Butchers Chancell ... ... 25 10 6 Vol. V., 2nd S, M 104 churchwardens' accounts 5th Septr 1732. Agreed that the present Churchwardens write to Manchester to Francis Wrigley to come over in order to hang the Bells and that they .... enter into Articles of Agreement with him . . . and that they agree with him for as Low a Rate as can be for ye Hanging the same. Parish Meeting 16th September 1732. Upon takeing into consideration an Instrument or process out of the Consistory Courte of the Diocoss of Hereford a copy whereof was this day read in order for the pulling down the Two old Gallerys within the said parish Church and for have- ing a License or ffaculty From the ordinary of the Diocess for that purpose wch process was applyed for wthout the Direcons of the Parishonors of the sayd Parish and Contains therein severall matters and Clauses a^st the old custom used here Time Immemorial & is inconsistent wd the same and the Rights and priviledges of the Parishoners of the sayd Town and Parish and it appearing this day that application was made to the Register or Surrogate Lawfully authorized on the sixth of June last for further proceedings to respite and an absolute Deniall of any Authority to proceed thereon and at the last Consistory Courte held for the said Diocess on Tuesday Last some proclamation or other moc'on was made in relation to the said Gallerye and process relateing ^thereto Twas this day orderod and protested agst such proceedings and that the Churchwardens Immediately give orders to Mr Bridgen as proctor or publick notary in such process to cause all further proceedings therein to cease And that in case further proceed- ings therein 'Tis ordered that a prohibition bo applyed for & be presented at the charge of the parishonra of this parish in order to establish the old custom in relation to the said Galleryes and all other tho seats in the said parish Church. Subscribers to ye Bells, Sr Littleton Powys £3 3 0 Fraternity of Shoe- H. A. Herbert Esq. 10 10 0 makers ... £2 2 0 John Walcot Esq. 5 5 0 Charles Fenton Rcctr 2 2 0 W™ Child Esq. ... 5 5 0 Sr Blundon Charlton 1 1 0 Tobias Eysam Gent. 2 2 0 Miss Sahvey ... 1 1 0 Abel Kctelbey Esq. FrancisCarringtonEsql 1 0 Record' ... 3 3 0 ltow1J Baughs Esq. 1 1 0 Fraternity of Ham- Jenks Lutjey Esq. .. 110 mr men ... 10 10 0 George Karvor Esq. 110 ?, Stychmcn 5 5 0 Benj" Crowther Esq. 110 OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 105 Thomas Beal Esq. £ Thomas Smyth Esq. John Unit "Sraithe- man Esq. Ad. Meyrick Gent... Bayliifs — Somersett Jones Esq. „ Caesar Hawkins Gent. ... These subscriptions with sraa collected to £87 5 G. Wl of ye S old Bells wd at Glocester to Abraham Rud- 1 0 1 0 Richd Knight Esq. £1 1 Erancis Herbert Esq. 1 1 Benjn Karver Esq.... 1 1 Sam11 Waring Gent.. 1 1 Richd Wilding Cler.. 1 1 fW'n Bright Church I gent. ... 1 Wardens J RogerPhil- l lips gent. 1 1 0 i o Her sums brought the amount Wfc of ye 8 new Bells wd at Gloucester from Abraham all Junr June 1732 Rudall Aug . 13 th 173 3. No. T. c. Q. L. No. T. c Q. L. 1 ... 0 5 3 3 1 0 7 1 16 2 ... 0 G 2 20 2 0 7 1 3 3 ... 0 8 3 1 3 0 8 1 14 4 ... 0 12 1 3 4 0 9 3 0 5 ... 0 14 3 18 5 0 11 0 4 6 ... 0 16 2 27 6 0 14 2 2 7 ... 0 18 1 22 7 0 18 2 14 8 ... 1 1 0 14 8 1 5 1 11 5 4 2 24 Total 5 2 1 8 Ded allowance Allowance of of 4l p. C. in 41 p. C. in melting 3 2 2G melting 3 2 19 5 0 3 2G 5 5 3 27 Tot1 of new 5 4 2 24 metall ... 5 2 1 8 This f Duoformotall \Abrah,n Ruda to ill 1 10 or (Due for metal to , , « this\Abrahraliudall 1 1 6 By his computation for additional metall Tot11 By Allowance of Carriage Charge Tot" 07 7 0 107 7 0 5 0 0 102 7 0 106 churchwardens' accounts 1732-1733. Churchwardens. Wra Bright and Roger Phillips. Disbursements. To Francis Wrigley For Hanging the new Bells To Edward Woodall for Stuff for Wheeling ye Bells ... To the Court on certifieing the Repair of the Bells ... To Edward Woodall Bill for the Chancell... To Edward Waldron Painting & Washing To Mr Bright for Boards & Nailes to the Chancell ... To Thomas Meredith for hanging the Bells To Mr Ab. Rudall for Gudgeirons & Brasses To Horse Hire & Expences of 2 Journeys to Gloucester to weigh & receive To a treat to the people in pulling down the Bells ... To Lres 1 Stp. pay 1. 7d to ye p't for takeing & Bringing ye articles To Cash spent at Tombs To 4 large Ropes wd 56H at Gd p' pd one Gable Rope wd 50H at 6 p. 1 ... To Burker & Brittain for Carriage of the Bells to &; from Bewdley To Horeshiro Expences Carriage of the Great Stocks To 3 Horses to Walcot 68 Expences 5s To 1 Horseshire to the Birch & Expences to Servt3 To Horseshire to the Heath To the Ringra at 7 Several Times to Treat strange Ringr3 To Rob1 Davies p' Bill... A piece of large Rope 41 for 3 Largo Ropes w8 401 To 4 large Tug Cords 4 of Pack Thread 3d To Carriage of the Brasses 2a To a Bag to hold em l3... To one Letter 3d to money spent in Bargain- ing to Stock ye Bells To Mr Bright p Hill lor Hanging hells for nailes 20 0 0 1 L 1 A ft u a 0 12 3 G ■* 10 a 0 6 12 11 Q O n u 3 14 7 2 3 0 0 18 6 ft A. u 0 2 6 o Li I o ft u 12 0 0 0 14 (J 0 11 0 0 C> 0 ft 9 n u u J-Vj ft 14 17 8 2 1 0 0 4 3 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 8 6 OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 107 1733- 1734.1 Churchwardens. Wm Bright & Roger Phillips. Receipts, Charged by Lewn ... ... ... 131 15 3 By Totall of the Subscription to the Bells 87 5 6 Disbursements. To the visitation Dinner at the Angell ... 12 0 Hire of Two Horses to Upton, Streete, Leominster ... ... ... 0 17 6 Half a Booke of Gold & Gilding the new Cistern at Library Chancell ... ... 0 4 0 To Mr Wareing for a new wheele for the Great Bell ... ... ... ... 1 10 0 To Mr Abraham Ruddall Bellfounder as by Articles & Receipt ... ... ... 102 7 2 Spent at the last payment thereof ... 0 1 G To Widow Cropper as p Bid For Ale getting up the Great Bell ... ... 0 2 4 To Mr Tho8 Vernon as p bill given ... in ... 24 9 10. But he bated the odd sum of 1 9 10 so pd him For the new chimes ... ... ... ... 23 0 0 Workmanship For a new Tub For the Engine ... ... ... ... 04 0 0 To Richd Berks Town Clerk for Draweing Articles about the Bells ... ... 0 13 6 To the Workmen at Burford in Cutting & Loading the Stocks for the Two great Bells ... ... ... ... 0 2 6 1734- 1735. Churchwardens. Wm Gierke & Jon Aingell. 1735- 1736. Churchwardens. Richd Baldwyn & John Griffiths. Disbursements. Aug. 9th To some poor sufferers by the Turk os on account of the Christian Rcli-ion ... ... 0 11 0 1 Tho Lovvn wiih this your 2" Gd in tlio £. 108 churchwardens' accounts 1736- 1737. Churchwardens. Robert Meirick and Walthall Fenton. 1737- 1739. Churchwardens. Richard Yapp & Walthall Fenton. Disbursements. Feby 9th pd Mr Tho8 Payne, Painter for a Board concerning ye 12 Loaves given every Sunday to ye Poor p. Alderman Lane ... ... ... ... 1 13 0 1739- 1740. Churchwardens. Somersett Davies & Walthall Fenton. Jan. 7th Pd ye apparitor for a Booke For ye Fast on y° 9th of January in ye Hard Frost Time .. ... .. 0 10 1740- 1741. Churchwardens. Walthall Fenton and Sommersett Davies. Parish Meeting 9th February 1741. Then ordered and agreed that a Door be made through parte of the said Window1 in order for the engines to be taken through in case of Firo being more convenient than the taking them through the Church and that the door be eight foot at Least in the clear and the window be made over the said door wth Iron Barrs & Glazed. This order was signed by a many of the P'ishon1"8. But upon a Further Consideration of tho matter this order was not approved of but was vacated For that the same would have been at a very great expence & It was ordrd that the sd window be made up as at as Little an Expence as possible wch was accordingly done. Parish meeting 3rd March 1741. Then unanimously agreed that the Workehouse lately appointed by his Majesty's Justices of this Town is approved of by the Parish & that the same Tends to the Benefit of the Parish & to employ tho Poor who are now very numerous and also ordcrod that tho Contract made with Samuel Whittley on that acct. Dated tho 23rd Feb. 1741 bo approved and also 1 The Soutli Window of the South Transept, called tho Weavers' Chancel. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. 109 for the better going on wth the said worke the following persons are appointed to Inspect and ordr the same. The Church wdns for'tho time being Mr Robert Meyrick Mr Wm Gierke Mr Wm Jeoffries Mr Tho3 Yapp Mr John Aingell Mr Tho8 Whittington Mr Rd Plumer Mr Rd Yapp Mr Benj Howton Mr Rd Coleman Mr Tho8 Wellings & Mr Wm Child. 1741-1742. Churchwardens. Walthall Fenton & John Syer. Parish Meeting 4th January 1742. Ordered that the Churchwardens do treat and agree with Edward Morley of the said Town Butcher for the House and Garden adjoyning to the Workhouse which is now in the possession of William Low and that the Rent and Terme therein be by them ascertained and that the said House so to be taken be included in the samo Lease in which the Work- house itself is to be comprized and that the Lease be forthwith executed. 1st The iTrustees of tho Charity School will pay the Halfe of the Master and Mistress of the Workhouse's Sallary In consideration that they Teach the Charity children to read and work. 2n(? If the parish will take the House adjoyning to the Workhouse the Trustees will pay the Parish the rent for the same for the terme of the Lease they shall think fit to take 3rd Thatjthe Trustees propose to pay the parish 12d a week for the Dyet and washing of each child and the parish to have the Benefit of their work. 4tL That the Trustees will provide Bedding and other furni- ture for the Lodging of the children. 5th That the Trustees will also find and provide Fire and candle for the said Charity School. Gth That in case any of the children are Sick the Trustees will be at the charge of Medicines for them. Then agreed that the Rent of the Workhouse and Garden thereto {belonging and the other House in the possession of Wm Low and the garden thereto also belonging shall be yearly the sume of eight pounds (ffifty shillings a year whereof for that part in Lowes possession which is to be appropriated for the uso jbf the Charity School) is to be paid by the Trustees of the said School for one and thirty years absolutely but if tho parish are minded or have occasion to give a years notice at the end of any three years of the said Terme of ono anil Thirty years then the Lease and terme to be void. 110 churchwardens' accounts 1742-1743. Churchwardens. Wm Child and Thos Flack. Paid Walter Hattam for new Gates at the Churchyard ... ... ... 2 17 1 Paid Jo11 Hattam (window at ye Weave3 Chancell ... ... ... ... 5 15 0 Paid Peter Littleton Roberts For White Washing the Church (The Bishop Intend- ing to visit) ... ... ... 6 10 0 174^-1744. Churchwardens. Sam1 Waring & Thomas Jones. Disbursements. Feb. 27 Fras. Richards Gardner For Setting and Stakeing the Two new Yew Trees ... 0 14 April 5th Pd James Morgan Mason for mend- ing the North East Pinacle of the Steeple 0 19 0 1744- 1745, Churchwardens. Henry Karver & Tho8 Davies. Aug. 22nd Payd for Cleaneing & Tuneing the organs ... ... ... ... 10 0 0 Parish Cloath ... ... ... 3 7 (J 1745- 174G. Churchwardens. Wm Jones &; Wm Geoffries. Pd for the Prayer For the Defeat of the Rebells at Culloden in Scotland 16th April! 1746 ... ... ... 0 0 G 174G-1747. Churchwardens. Marmaduke Gwynne the Younger & John Broome. 1747-1748. Churchwardens. Thomas Folliotf Baugh & Jamos Marsh. Disbursements. To the apparitor For an order of Council relateing to the Distemper relateing to Cattle2 ... ... .. ... 0 10 1 In this year Rev. Riehard Wilding resigned his plaee of Reader of (i o'clock Morning Prayers and was succeeded l y Rev. Herbert Wilde. Two other orders were obtained. OF THE TOWN OF LUDLOW. Ill Pd for a Prayer on acct of the Contagious Distemper amongst the Cattle ... 0 0 6 To Tho8 Sheward p. bill For new laying the Weavers Chancell ... ... ... 5 8 5 1748-1749. Churchwardens. John Tasker and Sam1 Monger. 25th April Pd the Sexlon for Kinging on Rejoyceing For the Peace wth France & Spain ... ... ... ... 0 10 6 Parish Meeting 26th Decr 1748. Whereas the Galleries in this Church are at present very inconvenient and greatly in decay it is therefore ordered that the same shall be rebuilt and enlarged and it is further orderd that the Bailiffs of the Town of Ludlow The Rector and Church Wardens of this Parish for the time being Richd Sal- wey Esq Richd Knight Esq Fras Herbert Esq The Rev8 Dr Salwey Richd Baldwyn Esq 1> Sam1 Sprott Dr Caleb Hill Mr Tho8 Whittington Edwd Baldwyn Esq Mr Caesar Hawkins Mr Benj Baugh Mr Somerset Davies Mr Tobias Eysam & Frederick Cornewall Esq1" shall be and are hereby appointed Trustees and Managers of the said work which said Trustees and Managers shall meet every Tuesday morning at eleven o'clock in the Council Chamber at the Market House of the said Town of Ludlow for the better carrying on of the same and that all orders agreements and contracts touching the re building of the said Galleries made at such meetings by the said Trustees and Managers or by the Major part of them then and there assembled not less than five in number with any workman or workmen touching tho said building or with any Proprietor or Proprietors of seats or kneelings in the present Galleries shall be binding upon and perform'd as the act and agreement of this Parish and it is further order'd that aftor reasonable and convenient seats and knoolings other than front seats shall have been appointed to tho Proprietors of seats and kneelings in the present Galleries by the said Trustees and Managers as aforesaid then the residue of the seats in such new erected Galleries shall be sold by the said Trustees &° to (lie best bidders for the samo so as no seat in tho front of the said Gallories shall be put up for salo at less than Ten Guineas and so as all subscribers to tho carrying on of this work shall be . . . preferred to any person then bidding an equal or less sum than what such subscriber 112 churchwardens' ACCOUNTS OF LUDLOW. shall have then actually paid and so as no person shall be permitted in his own name or in the name of an)' other to purchase; above one seat or four kneelings in the said Galleries or either of them And it is further ordered that such seats so sold shall be granted to such respective purchasers their Heirs and assigns inhabitants of this parish and shall be first granted and from time to time transferred ... as seats in this parish church are now and have been antiently granted and that the money arising by such sales shall be in the first place applied to defray the expences of building such galleries and the Residue if any in repairing or adorning the Church and it is further ordered that Publick Notice of the time and place of such sales shall be given in the said Parish Church upon some Sunday in the moriiing immediately after Divine Service at least Ten days before the day of such Sales and that Publick Notice in writing be likewise given thereof by fixing notices in writing of the time and place of such sales upon the Church Door and upon the Publick Cross and Market House at least seven days before the Day of such Sales. (To be Continued.) 113 THE FAMILY OF LANGLEY OF SHROPSHIRE. By A. F. C. C. LANGLEY. I. Langleys of the Amies, Broseley, and of Golding Hall, near Shrewsbury. The earlier portion of the Langley pedigree has already- been printed in Miscellanea Genealogica et TIeraldica ; it is therefore proposed to limit this article to the period during which the family were resident in Shropshire. The arms of the Shropshire Langleys are Paly of six, arg. et vert., on a canton gules, a pheon or. The arms paly of six arg. et vert, are those of the great Lancashire Family of Middleton of Middleton. The Langleys were at an early period sub-feudatories of the Middletons, and assumed the arms of their feudal Lord (differencing it with the canton)^1)1 This was not an unusual circumstance in ancient times. The first Langley who occurs as of Shropshire, is William Langley2 of Broseley, who was living 2 Ric. II. (2) He married Isabel, sister (and ultimately heir) of Stephen de Henley of Stretton's Dale,3 by whom he had a son John(2). In 13 Rich. II., he con- veyed his lands in Broseley to feoffees upon certain trusts, and died before 21 Bic. II., for in that year his widow released to the same feoffees all her right and title to the same lands. He was succeeded by his son, 1 In order not to incumber the text, t he authorities are referred to at the end of the article. 2 lie was brother of Thomas Langley, Lord Chancellor during the reigns of Henry iv., v., and vi., who was buried at Durham Cathedral, where his arms paly of 6 arg. and ve^t., a crescent for difference formerly appeared. 3 AkmsoI* Henley gules 3 palets arg. Vol V., 2nd S, N 114 THE FAMILY OF LANGLEY OF SHROPSHIRE. JOHN LANGLEY, who was, jure matris, heir to the manor of Stretton's Dale, but he was unfortunately- unable to obtain possession of the manor, although undoubtedly entitled to it, and we find he had a long suit at law, with the view of ultimately regaining his property. In 1435, during the troublous times of the civil war, Hugh Cresset, the then Sheriff of Shropshire, seized the manor for the use of the king. In 1443, John, Earl of Shrewsbury, granted to John Langley the reversion of the manors of Wrockwardyne and Sutton Madoc, with lands in Cheswardyne, of which his son, Sir John Talbot, was tenant for life. (3) John Langley married Joan, daughter of . By her he had a son. WILLIAM LANGLEY, also a tenant of the Earl of Shrewsbury. He had two children. 1, John. 2, William, ancestor of the Langleys of the Tuckies, in the parish of Broseley. The eldest son JOHN LANGLEY married Elizabeth, sister of Edmund Mychel, Hector of Broseley, and formerley one of the Monks of Build was Abbey. (2) By her, he had at least three children. 1, Edmund, his heir. 2, John of Bury St. Edmunds, in Suffolk, who had two children (a) Andrew, of Bury St. Edmunds, married Susan, daughter of Thomas Turner of Essex,1 by Catherine, daughter of — Brittaine of London, and had two sons, Edmond and Henry, (b) Alice, who married first Edmund Andrews, secondly Henry Chitting, Chester Herald. 3. John Langley of Suffolk, who was father of George Langley. (2) In 1502, John Langley conveyed his estates to Trustees upon certain Trusts. He was succeeded by his eldest son EDMUND LANGLEY, whose godfather was his uncle, the Bector of Broseley. He married twice. By his first wife, Joan, he had no issue. His second wife was Margaret, daughter of . . . Arrowsmith, and niece 1 AiiMb of Turner;— A z. on a i'osse engrailed between 2 millrinds or, IV liun [uiHHant sa. THE FAMILY OF LANGLEY OF SHROPSHIRE. 115 of Edmund Mycheld, the Rector of Broseley. By her, he had two children. 1, John, his heir. 2, Alice, who married . . . Rokeley. Edmund Langley died young, leaving his wife and two young children to the care of their uncle, the Rector, who is stated to have then left his house at Broseley, and gone to live at the Amies, the old manor house of the Langleys. Edmund Langley was buried at Wenlock, on the 10th December, 1543. Broseley was subject to Wenlock Priory, and the Prior was stringent in refusing to allow burials to take place at Broseley. This we find to have been the subject of expostulation by the Rector in 1543, but permission was still refused,1 and it was not until 1595 that burials took place at Broseley. (5) This Edmund Mychell, the Rector of Broseley, was a person of some note, celebrated for his learning and research. He was buried at Wenlock, on the 20th Feb., 1555-G.(4) Mrs. Margaret Langley, widow of Edmund Langley, survived her husband 40 years, being buried at Wenlock, 9th October, 1574.(6) JOHN LANGLEY, eldest son of Edmund, succeeded his father. In 1599, " John Langley of the Amyes Gen." appears in the list of Burgesses of Wenlock (of which Borough Broseley was a Ward), as also do his two sons " Thomas et George Langley de ead."(7) It has been stated, but erroneously, that this John Langley was a confidential secretary to the notorious Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, the real fact being that another John Langley, grandson of the present John, was Secretary to Sidney, Earl of Leicester, who was so created by James I, John Langley married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Mars ton by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Hugh Harnage of Belswardine,(8) by whom he had five children. 1, Thomas, his heir. 2, Richard, married and had a daughter Elizabeth, bap. at Broseley, 24th 1 Soo as to thia, Transactions of Shropshire Arch. Society, vol. vi., p. 101. 116 THE FAMILY OF LANGLEY OF SHROPSHIRE. October, 1617. 3, George, who settled at Cound.1 4, Isabel, married tio Fulk Crompton, and had a daughter Elizabeth, bap. at Broseley, 27th December, 1593. 5, Margaret, bap. at Broseley, 5th February, 157 5, married at Broseley on the 6th November, 1596, to John Wal- poole, Waple, or Wawple. John Langley was buried in the chancel of Broseley Church on the 27th April, 1603. His widow survived him little more than a year, she being buried 5th July, 1604. WILL OF JOHN LANGLEY. I John Langley of the Parish of Broseley Gent. To be buried in nether end of Chancel of Broseley Church. " Whereas I have laid out upon redem'con the so'me of ffour score poundes to James Clifford of fframpton upon Severn" Co. Glouc. upon certain groundes called Hanlesse Itches in said parish of Broseley according to a Lease thereof to my son Thomas, my son Richard to have three score of the four score poundes and wife Elizabeth to have remainder. My son Thomas to have the use of the said groundes according to the grant thereof. I give my silver plate, being 5 pieces in number, to my children Thomas, Richard, George, Isabel Crompton, and Margaret Waple, to each of them a piece, but said daughter Margaret to have best of the three goblets. To my son Thomos one ring of gold of the value of £3. Son Richard to haue use and occupac'on of tenement in Broseley taken of Rowland Lacon Esquire. All my kine oxen and sheep and residue to wife and executrix Elizabeth. Dated 16 April, 1603. Proved at Ludlow.. 9 Sept., 1603. Witnesses (now at Hereford). Joh'es Uxley Cl'icus John Power et ceteris, THOMAS LANGLEY succeeded his father. He was born in 1565,(9) matriculated at St. Mary's, Oxford, in 1560, supp. B.A. 19 Feb.. 1582-3, and 27 April, 1583, adrn. 30 April, 1583,(10) married in 1590,(9) Gertrude, daughter and heir of Thomas Russell, (2) 2 by whom he had eleven children. 1 Sec as to him and his descendants post. 2 Arms : . —Sarah, dau. of Sir Edward Trevor of Brynkinalt, Kt., High Sherift'for Denbigh 1622. I William, High: Sheriff Denbigh 1081. i ' Jane, dau. 2 daus. of John Lloyd of Carrog in Glyndyfrdwy. Catherine, bur. Gresford,=f=Sir Roger Puleston of Emrall, 27 Jan,, 1685. J, died 1696. Kt., Thomas Robert: 1 I I , Francis John Davd Joseph Jane=John Lloyd ap Robert Lloyd, who was Vicar ofChirk 10 15. I I I Grace=Thomas Tarry ap Catherine=Percival Elizabeth Simon of Pont y G jf or Nantclvvyd. I Bulkeley, dau., chris. in Chirke Parish, 10 April, 1656. Buried at Chirke, 9th May, 1050 (vide Selattyn Register.) Frances dau., chris. in Chirke Parish, 10 April, 1656. Hughe=Margaret, dau. of Roger Thomas, bur. (sold l»ryn y bara Kynaston.of Shotton.Co. Selattyn, 45 Elizabeth). Salop, by Mary, dau. of 2 Sep. 1601. Sir Thomas Hanmer of Hanmer. Bur. Selattvn. 2 Feb., 1598. Jane, bur. at Selattyn, 23 May, 1560. 1 I I , Katherino, chris. at Selattyn, 23 Nov., Margcd1^ Edward ap Richard Elinor1 1500. Gos.sipps, Edward ap Richard Katheriue veich David and Gwenhwyfar verch David. Bur. at Selattyn, 20 Aug , 1502. It is impossible to trace back with any certainty the pedigree of the greatgrandfather of John Wynri ap Meredith. Gruffydd Fychan or Vaughaii was by no means an uncommon name, simply meaning that he was short of stature. In the early part of the 16th Century, the Welsh had hardly adopted family surnames, and a wife is always mentioned in the Registers of that date by her maiden name. i Herald \'i*it. Wales, vol. 11,, p. 302. 162 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. The earliest Booke containing a list of the Burgesses of Oswestre was written ] November, 38 Hen. VIII. , (154G) ; it makes mention not only of the Burgesses then alive, but gives " also the names of older and auncient burgens," and amongst them we find " Mered ap holl ap Gruff Vaughn " and " John Wyn ap m red/' It would be very interesting if we could say with certainty that this was the same Meredyth ap Howell who defied the Earl of Arundell in the 10th year of Henry VIII., and whose forcible entry into Oswestry Castle is told us in the Star Chamber Proceedings.1 It is highly probable that he was the same Meredyth ap Howell, being a man of position in Oswestry. The date would fit in, as we find his son John Wynn, twenty years later, old enough to bring the case of Janet, the widow of Meryge ap William, before the Manor Court at Whittington. The Star Chamber Proceedings were as follow : — " Thes be thartykyl . . . agense Meredyth ap Howell on the behalf of my lorde of Arundell." The said Meredyth without authority or assent of the said Lord by force entered the " Castell of Oswester in the Mar'ch of Walys," and denied entry to the Lord's servants. My Lord knowing that, sent to the said Meredyth to avoid " the said Castle, the Lord's auditor, etc., were likewise refused admission, but at last he was "avoided." Then my Lord appointed one " Ye van Lloyed a sub- stancyall gentliman" Constable there, but when he came to enter and have his patent proclaimed in the Court there after the custom, the said Meredyth and others with him, set upon the said Lloyd and his followers and " killed and murdered them." After this, Meredyth and his followers beseiged the Castle, and entered it and took away " stuff " therefrom, and took Yevan Lloyd's brother and " robbed and spoyled them," and kept him in prison. 1 Bundle 18, No. 207, mid Bundle 20, 343. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 163 But to return to Bryn y bara, John Wyn appears to have sold some of the property, for we rind in " Grig. 4 p., IS Eliz., rot. 129, John Wyn ap Meredith, gent., had license to alienate one messuage and several lands in Porkington and Whittington to Koger Kynaston and his heirs."1 The whole of Bryn y bara was eventually sold to the Powells by John Wynne ap Meredith's son Hughe. The first document relating to his disposal of it is dated 9th January, 30th Elizabeth, 1587, by which : — Hugh ap John Wynn de Porkynton in Co. Salop gent, sells to Edward ap David ap Willyam de Porkynton Yeoman, his heirs and assigns for the sum of £26 10 the Close called Erw y Bvarth2 in the Township of Porkynton which was then in the occupation of the said Edward ap David ap William and which not long since had been held by Thomas Evans gent ; and which extended in length to the meadows held by Thomas Evans called Weirglodd Veghan and Kay yr Palis3 and Kay Derwen4 now in the occupation of Edward ap David ap William ; and in width to the Close called Kay y pwll y Vran5 in the occupation of the said Edward, and to the lands of John ap John and of Francis Albany. Hugh ap John Wynn was to be paid in the year 1590, on the Feast of the Purification. Signed Witnesses Robert ap John ap William, David ap Gruffydd, Thomas ap William, Edward Gruffith, Roger Mucleston. The next document is concerning land in Whittington Parish, but as it was part of the farm of Bryn y Bara, it is of interest : — 1 See Duke's Antiq. of tihrop. 2 i.e. The aero of the fold. 3 i.e. The field of the paliaade. 4 i.e. The oak Held. 6 i.e The field of the pool of the crow. 164 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. On the l8t October, 30th Elizabeth (1588) an Indenture is made between Hughe ap John Wyn of Porkinton Co. Salop gentleman and Robert Powell of Whittington Parke in the said Countie gent, by which for the sum of £5G the said " Hugh ap John Wyn sold to the said Robert Powell his heirs and assigns for ever two Crofts and pastures of ground commonlie called by the names of Cae Mawr1 and Cae y Pwll in the Parish of Whittington .... being parcell of the ferme of Bryn y bara lyinge in breadeth betwene Whittington Parke on the Eastc syde and the land of the saide John Wyn on the West sydo and in length from the higho waye leading from Whit- tington to Osvvestr on the south syde to the lands of the said Hughe on the north syde." The summe of fifty six pounds to be payed at the nowe Mansion house of the said Robert Powell in Whittington Parke on the feast of the Nativitie 1591, or at the said feast in 1594, but that it shall be lawfull for the said Hughe " to reenter and to repossesse " the saide closes " during the space of these sixe yeares next ensuynge." Signed JL<&tt> Witnesses, John Wynn, John Tarbock2, David ap Edward and Thomas ap David. On the 24th January, 32 Elizabeth, an Agreement was drawn up for the Sale of Bryn y bara : — Hugh Wynne of Porkinton, gent., and Margarett his wife were to receive the sum of Eight score nine pounds and six shillings from Robert Powell of Whittington, Esq., for the ferme of Bryn y Jkra, with Eight several clausures, pastures and parcells of land called. 1. Cae Mawr 2. Cae y Pwyll 3. Cae y Pante3 4. Cae y lloye4 1 i.e. The great field. 2 Probably John Tarbock alias Smith, of Oswestry — whose dau. EJianor mar. Rich. Lloyd of Llwyn y maen. 3 i.e. Field of the hollow. 4 i.e. Field of the calves. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 165 5. Cae y Bellan1 (" Whiche five are at the daye of the date hereof in the tenure and occupcion of the said Robert Powell"). 0. Cae Gwyn2 7. Cae y Uydiarde8 8. Cae y Kitt4 (" whiche three last several clausures are in the daye of the date hereof in the tenure and occupacion of J ohn Wynne ap Meredith father of the said Hughe Wynne or his assignes for and during his natural liefe"). From this document we learn the situation of Bryn y bara house : — " At the lower end of Cae y lloye, where the wattercourse is running from the house of the aforesaid Hughe Wynne doth enter into Whittington Parke and soe followinge the sayd Parke hedge on the East syde unto the Highe Waye upon the West syde unto the style or footwaye leadinge from Didliston to Oswestre, and soe followinge the sayd footwaye throughe a pasture of the said ferme of Bryn y bara called Cae y fiordd unto the watercourse aforsayd whiche runneth from the house of the sayd Hughe unto Whittington Parke and then followinge the sayd Water course on the North syde unto Whittington Parke aforesaide." On the 1st March, 32 Elizabeth, the agreement for the Mortgage was signed and sealed, the deeds on both sides being still in existence : — Hugh ap John Wynne of Porkington gent, conveys unto David Hanmer and George Spurstowe gentlemen, trustees for Robert Powell Esq — " one messuage, one gardene, one Orcharde. live hundred acres of lande, twenty acres of meadowe, and five hundred acres of pasture with the appurtenances in Whittington and Porkington aforesayde," for the sum of one hundred and sixty nine pounds and six shillings. Signed 1 i.e. Field of the mound. 2 The white field, a Tho #ito iield. 4 Kield of the hazels. 166 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH Witnessed by + Edward ap David ap William + Evan ap Nicholas, butcher and Thomas ap David. This mortgage was followed on the 14th December, 45 Elizabeth, by the sale of the whole property of Bryn y bara to Robert Powell, for which he paid Hughe Wynne .£826 8 0. The Deed states that Ievan Nicholas and Gruffyth Ievans of Oswestre, are Hughe Wynne's attorneys. Signed Hugh Wyn. Witnessed Rich. Williams, Edward lloyd of Chirk, George Spurstowe,1 John Tarbock, Fra. Eyton.2 Edward ap David ap William de Porkynton to whom Hugh Wynne sold part of his estate seems to have been a yeoman of considerable wealth — he makes a large bequest to Robert Powell as we shall see by his will dated 23 Februarie, 1596, 39 Elizabeth. v " I Edward ap David ap William in the Parishe of Syllattin, Co. Salop yoman, althoughe sicke in bodie but whole in mynde and memorie (thanks be to God) doe make and ordaine this my laste will and testamente in maner and forme followinge. Imprimis. I committe my soule unto the handes of Almightye God, my maker and redeemer, and my bodie to be buried after a Christian buriall within the parishe Churche of Syllattin aforesaid, towardes the reparacion of which Churche I geve and bequeathe 3s 4d. Item, to Sir Morice Williams Curat there two shillinge. 3 Item I geve devise and bequeathe unto Joane, Gwen and Alles my three daughters and to their heires for ever, all my Lands and Tenements withall theire appurtenances being in Porkinton which I purchased of Roberto ap Richarde ap 1 Probably George Spurstowe of Spurstowe Co. Chester. (William Spurstowe, Merchant, was M.J*, for Shrewsbury, 1 G 10. lie was an active Parliamentarian). 2 l'Yancis Eyton, gent, of WJiittington, was buried there 1 Janry, 1G08. They seem to have lived at Ismail, for WJiittington Register gives also, William ltyton of Ebnalt, gent., bur. 25 Deer., JG17. & Curate of Selattyn, J58G-JG37. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 167 Howell with condition of redempcion and all writinge belong- inge unto the same and all suche somes of money which are or shalbe due me and paied for the redempcion of the same, the which somes of money beinge fourescore and thyrteene poundes, I devise and bequeathe unto them the said Joame, Gwen and Alles to be equallie divided betweene them, And my furthor Will is that yt my sonne John ap Edwarde doe satisfio contente and paie unto the said Joane, Gwen and Alles the whole some of money aforesaid, that then he shall have the said Landes to hym and his heires for ever. Item. I geve devise and bequeathe unto Roberte Powell Escjr. and his heires for ever, all my landes withall and singular theire appurtenances and all evidence and writinge belonginge unto the same, situate leinge and beinge in the Townshippes of Whittentonne and Porkyntonne being parcell of the farme of Bryn y bara, which Landes I purchased of Hugh ap John Wynne of Porkyntonne aforesaid with the some of threescore and twelve poundes beinge the mortgage money due upon the same ; and some parte of the said money owinge unto me by the saide Hugh Wynne upon other reckoninge. To have and to holde the saide Landes withall their appur- tenances unto the said Roberte Powell and his heires for ever in consideracion of a marraidge heretofore had and solemnized betweene one John ap Richarde beinge in warde unto the said Roborte Powell, and Anne one of the daughters of me the said Edwarde. Item. I geve and bequeathe unto my sonne John ap Edwarde my Landes and Tenements in Pentre Clawdd where one Thomas ap William now dwelleth, which I purchased latelie of one Thomas ap Thomas ap David ap Howell, withall their appurtenance and all evidence and writinge belonging unto the same, To have and to holde the said Landes and etc. .... unto the saide John and to his heires for ever, except the saide John my sonne or his heires will satisfie, contente and paie unto my sonne Thomas ap Edwarde and to his heirs the whole some of thyrttie poundes, and to my sonne Alexander ap Edwarde and to his heirs the some of twentie poundes, And that the said John my sonne and his heires doe not paie the somes last before mentioned unto the said Thomas ap Edwarde and Alexander ap Edwarde, Then my will and herebie I geve and bequeathe the saide Landes and Tenements in Pentre Clawdd withall etc. . . . unto the said Thomas ap Edwarde and Alexander ap Edwarde and their heires for ever. Item. All the rest of my Goods and Cattle moveable and immoveable not bequeathed, my debto fyrste paied, and Vol, V., 2nd S. U 168 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH, funerall chardge discharged I geve and bequeathe between my wief Joane and Ellin my daughter, to be equally divided betweene them. Also I nominate and appointe my well beloved wief Joane and my Sonne Thomas ap Edwarde aforesaid to be my true and lawfull Executors .... And I doe heartilie desire my trustye and well beloved friends Mr. John Treavor of Sl. Martyns and Richarde Gruffith of Oswestrie to be the overseers for the performinge of the same Deabte on the said Testator, to ono John Edwardes two and twenty poundes. Thois beinge witnesses, John Edwardes Gent, of Sl. Martyns Sara Gruffith, Margaret ta verch Edwarde, Morice Williams Gierke1 with others. Proved at Llanelwey, 4th October, 1597, by Joane verch Gruffith, and Thomas ap Edwarde. The following is a short pedigree of this family : — Edward ap David ap William, bur. at Selattyn,2 March,=f Joane, verch Griffith 1596 Will dated 23 Feb., 1596, proved 4 Oct., 1597. John, buried at Selat-ef Gwenhwyvar, verch Uoid Thomas Alexander Joan tyn, 22 May, 1604. mar. 14 June, 1597, at Oswestrie. Owen, chris. at Solattyn, 15 A prill, Alios Ellin Anno~John ap Richarde 1571. Gossi])j»s, Kdwanl ap David ward to Kobert Wen, Owen verch Thomas, Powell. [ ] verch David ap William. Edward, chris. at Selattyn, Ambrose, chris. at Sara, chris. at Oswestrie, 8 Nov., 1601, bur. there 22 Selattyn, 14 Aug., 31 March, 1598, bur. at Selat- Nov., 1601. 1603. tyn, 4 April, 1598. Old port and Bryn y bara must have been a great addition to the Estates of the Powells of Park. Robert Powell their purchaser was Sheriff for Shrop- shire 1593-94. Owen and Plakeway state in their Book of Sheriffs that Kobert Powell of Worthen was the Sheriff of 1594. This, however, must have been a mistake, for we find in a MS. generally known as " Dr. Taylor's MSS.2 " the writing of which is • Elizabethan, under the yours : — 1 Unrato of Sohittyu, 2 In Shrews, School Library. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 169 1593 " The 8 daye of Januarie beinge Tuesdaye the quarter seassions for the Shire beinge Sheriffs of the same Mr. Hobart Powell of the lJarcko by Oswestrio at ye whiche Seassions (beinge usually keapt in the towne of Schresburie) was not hymsealffe presennt but his deputie " . . . . 1594 ''The xxvjth of August the greate assisse was hellde in Shreusburie and the iudgs of the assises were brought in by the Shyretfe of the Shire whose name was Mr. Robart Powell of the Parcko Oswestrio Esquire who cam in verey valiantly " , . } Robert Powell was buried 12 March, 1604, and was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas, of whom we read that " Orig. 6 p. 3 Jac. rot 151, The King gave Thomas Powell, Esq., licence to alienate lands in Whittington and Porkington to Sir Robert Needham and Sir Robert Vernon, Knights. "2 Sir Robert Needham and Sir Robert Vernon were both uncles to Thomas Powell — the former was his mother's brother,3 and the latter was her sister Mary's second husband.4 I do not know the extent of these lands that were sold. There is one entry of the Needham family in Selattyn Register : — u Hester the wife of Harry Ned- ham, gent., was buried 3 June, 162S." By a Document entitled " Instruments concerning the businies with Mr Albany " we learn that on the 10 October, 4 Jac. " Mr Thomas Powell by his inden- ture did bargains and sell to K.8 and others all his lands, Hundred fouro parts thereof, from his deede for 2L }Tears." On 11 February, 1616, he executed a Deed providing for the marriage portions of his two daughters " that shall ages of 18 yeares, the somme of 500V' 1 Shrop. Archeco. 7'rans., 1880. 2 Duke's Antiq. of Shrop. 3 Sir liobert Needham of Shenton, Kt„ was Sheriff of Shrop. 1607, and created lat Viscount Kilmorey, 18 April, 1025. 4 Mary «lau. of Hubert Needham, Sheriff of Shrop., 1505, mar. lrt Thus. Onslow; 2, Sir Itobert Vernon of Hodnel, Kt (See Visit of Shrop., 1023 170 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 29 March, 1617, "Thomas Powell haveing butone sonne and two daughters yet livinge dyed;" after his death Mrs. Marie Powell, his widow, received the rents. On I July, 1G24, there was an " accompt made and framed by M™ Marie Powell and Mr Fr. Albany " of the rents and debts as follows : — "pd in debtes 484 3 5 ) pd in anuities & theise rentes 275 3 9 > 952 14 6" Remayning in reste.... .... 193 7 4 ; This is followed by a paragraph which has reference to the Mortgage of 1607, which shews that the rent of Bryn y bara did not go to the mortgagees : — " There was nothinge in ye accompt for the profitts of the Parke, Bryn y barra and lloyn y Cappa, which after the death of Mr. Powell, should have gone to the bargaynees by force of ye aforesayd Indentures, Mrs. Marie Powell did receive all or most part of the profits thereof. The bargainees had no profitts out of the same." The document tells us that " Mrs. Marie Powell having preferred her daughter [Margaret] in marriage to Mr. Andrew Lloyd,1 engaged herself for payment of 1 Andrew Lloyd and Margaret Powell were the parents of Tlios. Lloyd of Anton, who married Sarah Albany, heir of the Manor of Whittjngton. (See Chap. I.) Andrew Lloyd was one of the Parliamentary Committee for Co. Salop, he was at the taking of Shrewsbury, 1 644, and was afterwards appointed Pari. Colonel of a Regiment of Foot. A curious Petition (Oswestry Corp. Records, xxv.) was presented to Parliament in 1 640, endeavouring to unseal Humphrey Edwards as Knight of the Shire for Shropshire, in favour of Andrew Lloyd. It states that Sir Richard Lee, Bt., being disqualified [as a Royalist] to sit for the County, about a thousand Freeholders assembled at Oswcstrie to Elect Andrew Lloyd, when they found the Sheriff, Thomas Mytton, had left the town " that morning by five of the clock " and had ad journed the Court to Albcrbury, thirteen miles off, and Elected Humphrey Edwards there at nine o'clock, which was an hour before the time appointed for the Election. This Petition was of no avail; Humphrey Edwards retained his scat. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 171 her daughter's portion, whereupon she received from me before her death £308 16 10." " 19 December, 1625, Mrs. Marie Powell made her will, and therof appointed me Qw> Jones, Mr. Fr. Albany, and Mr. Ad. lloyd executors. She devised manie legacies and her daughter Elizabeth should have the some of money provided towards her joynture." " 1 January, 1625, Mrs. Marie Powell dyed." " 8 March, 1625, An account was taken before Mr. Fr. Albany and Mr. And. Lloyd." "16 December, 1627," They seem to have taken | Mr. Warde, a lawyer's opinion, as to the manner of pay- ment of the daughters portions of .£500 each. The next document we have relating to this Estate is " An Abstract of the Deeds and Title to the Farms and Demesne hand of Parkhall," beginning 9th and 10th January, 1652. It contains Indentures of lease and release between Robert Powell, Esq., of the one part, and William Jones of Sandford, Co. Salop, and James Mytton of Pontishowrett, Co. Montgomery, Esq., of the other parte, whereby Robert Powell [son of Thos. Powell, who died 1617] conveys to the said Wm. Jones and James Mytton all lands etc., in Park Hall, in Whittington parish, and also " that messuage, farme and tenement called Bryan y Bora, lying in Porkington and Whit- tington, and also a messuage, farm and tenement in Porkington, called Lynn y Coppa. AJso a messuage, farm and tenement in Porkington called Old Porte, and all singular messuages, and tenements, Mills, Rents, etc., of him ye said Robert Powell lying in Cricketh, Ifton, Berghill, Oswestry, Whittington, Trevonan, Measbury, Swyney, Pentre y Wern, Pentre y Clawdd, Bucknall, and the Town of Salop." Andrew Lloyd was M.P. for Shropshire 1656-58, but he eould not have been latterly a very strong Parliamentarian, is he was ono of the members forcibly kept out of the House by tho Protector's mandate, given through the Council of State. 172 selattVn : a history of the parish. 4 ' For the use of the heirs male of Robert Powell and for want thereof to Edward Powell his uncle for life, and after his decease to Robert Powell, 1st son of Edward Powell, and his heirs male, and for want of such to 2nd, 3rd, . . . and 10th sons of ye said Edward and their heirs male, and for want of such issue to Andrew Powell (one other of ye uncles of ye said Robert), and after his de- cease in like manner to his sons." " Note. Andrew Powell dyed before his brother Edward Powell without issue.'' " 28 December, 1G53, Robert Powell made his will ratifying and confirming .... the saide Indenture dated 10 January, 1652, and his further will was that the said Jones and Mytton do pay all just debts .... and all such debts as he was indebted to Andrew Lloyd, Esq., and Leighton Owen, Esq., his two brothers-in- law and appointed Mr. Samuel Hildersham,1 and Mr. Richard Wynne of Pentre Morgan, Co. Salop, Executors." 9th October, 1654. " The Executors refusing to take upon them the Execution of the Will, Letters of Administration with the Will annexed were granted to Edward Powell his kinsman. 20 November, 1661. The Estate was in the possession of Edward Powell, who, with Robert Powell (sonne and heir) mortgaged it to William Gow of Gray's Inn, Esq., for £2,240. Eight tenements in Porkington are mentioned as being mortgaged, but their names are not stated. We now come to a series of documents in possession of Capt. Thruston of Pennal Towers.2 The first of these is an : — " Indenture, 10th Feb., 14 Charles II., between Robert Powell of Parkhall, Co. Salop, and Archdeacon of Salop of the one 1 Sam. Hildersham, B.D., of Emanuel Coll. Camb., Hector of West Felton, 12 July, 1628. Presented by Mr. William Cockynof London, Merchant, executor to Mr. AVolaston. lie sat on the Westminster Assembly of Divines, 1644. 2 Kindly lent for our inspection. SELATTYN I A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 173 part, and Sir Philip Egerton of Egerton, Co. Chester, Kl. on the other part. Which witnesseth that the said Robert Powell for £500 paid by Sir P. Egerton doth release and dis- charge unto Sir P. Egerton, his executors, etc doth grant, bargain and sell to Sir P. Egerton, all that messuage or tenement with the appurtenances, now in the occupacion of one Symon Waters situate in Porkington, Co. Salop, and all those 3 closes . ... in Ifton, par. Oswestry, in occupacion of John fibster. And all those two closes or parcells of Pasture lands in Lloyn y Cappa,1 in the Parish of Selattin, Co. Salop, in occupacion of Thomas Davies. And all those four closes or parcells of land in Pentre Clawde in par. of Selattin, two of which said closes are pasture lands, ana are commonly called by the name of Teere a Clittice, and the other two closes are arrable, and commonly called Lloyne y Kerrage, and all the said closes are now in the occupacion of John Phillips. And all that messuage ... in Ifton late in occupacion of Jane ap Edwards widow To have and to hold the said messuages ... by the said Sir P. Egerton, for the terme of 500 yeares from thence, yield- ing and paying therefore yearly into the said Robert Powell, one peppercorne ..." It says Robert Powell is seized of the said lands of " an absolute estate," and has power to sell ; and that 1 4 the yearly value of the lands is £50 over and above all charges and reprizes." Robert Powell sells with power of redemption on paying £)5 upon 11th August next, and £515 upon lltli August, 1662. Witnessed, John Thornicroft Richard Wicksteed Hugh Bercley. Edward, father of Robert Powell, died in April, 1665, and on 22 January, 1667, we find Gow transferring the mortgage made to him in 1661, to Richard Haynes, Citizen and Skinner, of London. 1 i.e. The (.Jrovo of tlm mound or embankment. 174 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 12 March, 25 Charles II. (1672), Robert Powell, D.D., mortgages " the Farm of Lloyne y Coppa being in Porkington, now of late in the tenure or occupacion of Thomas Wildinge, Cl're1 " .... to " Margaret Haynes, widow, late wife of Richard Haynes, Citizen and Skynner, of London," for JC300. She was to hold it free of all charges, excepting one lease dated 25 March, 22 Charles II., made to the said Thomas Wildinge for 21 years, at a yearly rent of <£20, which rent was to be payable to Margaret Haynes for the rest of the term. Signed Robert Powell. 3d April, 1679, Robert Powell, D.D., makes his will, and devises all his lands and all his equity of redemption in all his mortgaged premisses to Mary his wife, her father Sir Thomas Jones, K1., Judge of the King's Bench, Sir Thomas Vernon of Hodnett, B1., and Thomas Jones of Lincoln's Inn, Esq., and their heirs, upon trust that they should " as well out of the Rents of ye premisses or by Sale or otherwise of ye premisses (except ye capitall messuage called Parkehall, ye demesne and lands thereto belonging) " levy and raise money sufficient to pay his debts, and the following bequests : — (irn * -.f ~0f,n . Unless any of them marry " To my daughter Mary ...£000 * Elizabeth 500 Rachell... 400 before the age of 21, with. ,out the consent of their mother, when they should only receive £100 each. Anne ... 400 To my son ... Robert ... oOO Edward 400 Charles 400 A jointure of £100 a year to his wife for her life. The property was left to Thomas, the eldest son " entail male." The " Plate, Jewells, Library, Books, all Brasse, Pewter, Bedding, Linnen and all other House- hold goods/' he leaves to his wife, whom he makes his executor. Robert Powell, D.D., died January, 1680, his WiU was proved in the P. Ct. Cant., 26 May, 1681. I lector of Seliittyn. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 175 16 June, 1687, Thomas Powell pays off the mortgage of £2,246 held by Margaret Haynes, widow of Richard Haynes. 12 May, 1(393, Thomas Powell mortgages the eight tenements in Porkington and lands in Berghill in Whittington Parish, to Edward Fleming for £735, and on 16 May, 1693, he borrows £100 at 5 per cent, of the said Edward Fleming. His sister Elizabeth Powell died in June that year, leaving him her executor. Her Will is at Pennal. After commending her "soul to God" and her "body to be buried in the Parish of Whittington " she leaves " to my beloved mother Mary and to my sister Warre £10 to buy them mourning, to my brother Charles Powell £50, to my brother Francis Powell £50, to my sister Anne Powell £200, and also my debts and legacies before given being paid and my funerall discharged, which I require should be early in the morning and without any Company but those of the family, I give and bequeath to my beloved brother Thomas Powell of Parke Esq. all my goods and Chattells reall and personal estate with debts, duty, credits and Legacies due to me whatsoever." Signed This will was not, however, proved in P. Ct. Cant, until 4 August, 1719, 23 October, 1694, Edward Fleming, Esq., conveys the mortgage made the year before to James Lock, yeoman. 23 June, 1699, James Lock conveys it to Sir Charles Ingleby, Kt., in trust for Dame Elizabeth Slingsby. 23 June, 1699, an Indenture was made between Thomas Powell and Dame Elizabeth Slingsby, by which she pays £1,200 to Thomas Powell, with power of redempt ion of his lands on payment of £1,260. 14 July, 1701, Indenture for the further sum of £200, between Dame Elizabeth Slingsby and Thos. Powell. Vol. V., 2nd S. V 170 SELATTVN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. The following year, a bequest was made to Thomas Powell, under the Will of Charles Powell, dated 7th May, I. Anne, 1702 :— " I bequeathe all that my messuage and tenement or dwell- ing-house in the Town and Borrough of Oswestry in a certain street there called Leag streete1 now in possession of Thomas Griffiths Taylor and the reversion ... to my brother Thomas Powell of Parke Esq. and to his heirs for ever. I bequeathe to my brother ffrancis Powell £10. I appoint my brother Thomas Powell executor of this my last Will to whom I bequeathe all the rest of my porsonall estate after paying my debts and funeral expences. Signed Witnesses Edward Jones and John Moody. This will was proved at the same time as his sister Elizabeth's, in P. Ct. Cant., 4 August, 1719. 8 August, 1704, Dame Eliz. Slingsby was dead, and her executors, Thomas and Ann Radcliffe, sell the mortgage for Xl,40D to Benjamin and John Ash- wood ; and Thos. Powell ratifies and confirms the transfer to the Ash woods on receipt of JL L 00 paid to himself. The Ashwoods held all the premises before recited, subject to a redemption by Thomas Powell on payment of.l'l,575. 10 January, 17 1G, Robert Codrington, Esq., pays JC 1 ,500 to the two Ashwoods, and JL'500 to Thomas Powell for the transfer of the mortgage, with power of redemption by him on payment of £'2,100. Pour years before this, in 1712, the money bequeathed by Dr. Powell to his daughter Anno, not being paid off, an Indenture was made 27 January, XI. Anne, between Thomas Powell of Parke, and his brother-in-law Thomas Lloyd of Whittington, which states that : — 1 i.e., Leg Street. Sl^LATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 177 " Whereas Robert Powell of Parke D.l). father of the said Thos. Powell did make his Will and therein leave .... unto his daughter Anne the sum of £400 and charged the same on the said estate, wh since his death had been in possession of Thos. Powell, but the said Thos, did not pay the same to Anne his sister, whilst she was unmarried, nor to Thos. Lloyd after his marriage with the said Anne (who is long since dead) whereby the said Thas. Lloyd became entitled to the said £400 for which Thos. Powell hath paid him the interest this indenture witnesseth that Thos. Powell for the said £400 . . , . . . selleth to Thos. Lloyd all that messuage and tenement in Whittington, in the possession of Anne Windsor widow, called by the name of David Jones's Tenement being of the Annual rent of £3. All that . . . parcell of tenement last mentioned being in possession of Thomas Adams Rector of Whittington1 being of yearly value of 403. All that messuage in possession of Thos. Paddock Smith. . . . All that parcel of land in possession of Richard Morgan called Killin Hick. All of which are in Whit- tington aforesaid. And all that parcel of ground called Llwyn y Kerrick formerly in the holding of James Phillipps and now in posses- sion of Richard Jones drover. ... in the Townshipp of Pork- ington and par. of Sellattin . . . provided Thos. Powell doth pay £10 on the 25 July next and £410 on 25 January, 1713, this sale shall be voyd. Witnessos Richard Powell John Moody Edward Owen. An Indenture, dated 17 November, 3 George I., 1715-1G, was made between Mary Powell of Park, widow, surviving trustee of Robert Powell, D.D., and Thomas Powell, his son and heir, of the 1st part, Grace Jones, of the town of Shrewsbury, widow, and executrix of the will of Thos. Jones, late of the 1 1681-1718. He wa« bur. ut Whittington, 7 May, 1718. Signed 178 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. town of Shrewsbury, Esq., and Thomas Lloyd of Llaniden, Co. Anglesey, nephew and heir of the said Thomas Jones of the 2nd part, and Owen Meyrick of Bodorgan, of the 3rd part. It states that Thos. Powell mortgaged on 24 July, 10th Anne,1 Llwyn y Cappa, and Llwyn y Cerrig, in Porkington, to Thomas Lloyd of Whittington, for iMOO with power of redemption, which however, he did not redeem, and therefore Thos. Lloyd of Whittington, releases the lands, with the consent of Mary Powel and Thos. Powel to Thomas Jones of Shrewsbury ; and that Mary Powel and Thos. Powel at the same time lease to Thos. Jones : — 3 Pieces in Ifton. 1 Messuage in Porkington, in possession of John R,ees. 2 parcels of land in Porkington, Cae Nedd,2 now in possession of Richard Morgan, his undertenants or assignees. Thomas Jones dying before his lease was expired, leaves Grace Jones, his widow, executrix. He died indebted to his nieces Anne Lloyd and Mary Lloyd, Spinsters, younger children of Peirce Lloyd of Llaniden, £1,280 18, being the principal of £1,050, and the interest thereon. This lease is then transferred to Owen Meyrick in trust for Anne and Mary Lloyd " for the better securing the payment to them of the money due from their uncle Thos. Jones, deceased." Power of redemption is given to Thos. Powell, and it is signed Grace Jones, Owen Meyrick. Witnesses Jane Lloyd Francis Dorsett. 1 This document is not forthcoming, but seems to be identical with the mortgage of 27 January, XI. Anne. 2 i.e. The Dingle Kield. ' SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 170 This is a brief description of a very voluminous docu- ment— there is another which is more or less a counter- part of it. Signed by Witnesses, Jane Jones, Hannah Butler, Francis Dorsett, Richard Humphreys. In 1717 Thomas Powell was Sheriff for Shropshire. The great expenses connected with this appointment, probably put the finishing touches to his ruin, which resulted in the sale of an estate worth j£ 10,000 a year. The Oswestry Corporation Records tell us how neglectful Thos. Powell was in all business matters. He was elected Mayor of Oswestry, Oct. 6, 1688, but "failed to come to be sworne," and was therefore fined £30, and in consequence of this a fresh Mayor had to be elected on Nov. 1 3th of that year. Notwithstanding his carelessness he was re-elected Mayor in 1690, when, we may presume, he fulfilled the duties of his office better. In 1698 he was appointed Recorder of Oswestry, when we find in the Corporation Accounts the following entry . — " Paid for ye approbation from his Majestie of Thomas Powell Esq. to serve Recorder for ye Towne and Borough . . . 8.n 8. 0." This seems an enormous fee on his appointment, as the salary of Recorder was only £5 a year, Thomas Powell was discharged from this office in 1724 for the same old fault, because " for five years last past and upwards, he had neglected to attend the Corporation." 180 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. The Park Hall estate and some lands in Selattyn were sold to Sir Francis Charlton of Ludford, Bt.,1 about 1725, for on 15 Feb., 12 George I. (1725), Sir Francis Charlton orders James Marsh of Ludlow, his attorney, to borrow j£3,000 "for paying off a mortgage that nowe effects part of the real estate of Thomas Powell of Parke hall, Co. Salop, which I lately (amongst other things) purchased of the said Thos. Powell." .... Signed The daughters of Thomas Powell appear to have been totally disregarded by him in the sale of his property, as will be seen by the following letter written on their behalf by Charles Knipe, who had married the youngest daughter Anne, 30 April, 1719. " TO SIR FRANCIS CHARLTON, BARONET. THESE. Sir I had before now given you the trouble of a Letter had I not concluded you to have been well acquainted with the particulars of our demands and nature of our settlement upon my Father Powel's estate at Parke, but by the account I receive from Mr. March, I presume you are not so well infDrmed as 1 supposed. To abridge the whole strain from the beginning, for we must trace it from thence, my leather Powel married a Derbyshire lady, her name Dale, she was an Heiress of very near £400 per annum. Soon after their marriage, for she was not then at age to make a Settlement, viz., in the yeare 1G8G Thomas Powel and Milicent his wife join in a Deed Pole and assigne into Trusteos hands, all the estate of the said Milicent whatsoever, to the uses and for the Trusts therein mentioned. That is to say, to 1 Sheriff of Shropshire 1699. Son of Sir Job Charlton, Bt., Chief Justice of Chester, 16G2. Speaker of the House of Commons 1G72. Sir Francis Charlton's sister Dorothy mar. Sir lvlwanl Leighton of Loton, to whose descendant, Stanley Leighton, Esq., M..l\, these Charlton documents belong. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 181 the use of the said Thomas and Milicent during their lives, and the Survivor of them, then to the first, second, third son etc. and their Heiros in succession and priority and for default of such Sons to the Daughters in generall of the said Thomas and Milicent, I should have observed to you that in the above- mentioned Settlement, there was a power reserved to the said Thomas and Milicent, That after the decease of the Survivor of them, the Estate should then be to the Use of such persons, and for such Estates as they during their joint lives, should by any writing under their hands and seales testifyed by Three or more credible witnesses appoint. This my Father Powel thought sufficient sanction to them to sell part of their Estate, and accordingly about Two Yeares after the Date of the Settlement ; the House and demesne of Parke, being at that time incumbred by a Mortgage to one Haynes, he prevailed with his Lady to joine in the Sale of £120 per annum of her Estate, so settled as aforesaid, to pay off that debt, to which she consented and the money was applyed accordingly. On this condition that he should settle an equivalent of his Estate at Parke, on her and her children. In the yeare 1688 a JBond was drawn and signed by my Father Powel, to Sir Thomas Jones who was therein a Trustee, the penalty £4000 for the settlement of £120 per annum cleare and free from all incumbrances, in Six Months after the Date, to the Uses, as abovementioned in the Settlement : This Bond came into the Hands of Sir Thos. Jones's Executors, and has since by them been delivered to our Order. The rest of our good Mother's Estate stood subject to the Original Settlement at her Death, which hapned about the time that her eldest daughter was five yeares old. Pity it was for them, who had no friends to acquaint them what they had to trust to, when she was gone. For so it hapned that their Father still wanting money, made several Mortgages of that Estate, nay some he sold outright, to the great injury of his daughters, no doubt, however the conclusion of the chiefest purchase, was reserved till they all were come to Age, tho' most of the money had been paid before ; and the Easier to effect this purpose, he had frequently told them before ; if they by chance expressed any dislike to Ills management; that they were intirely at his Mercy, (hat there never had been any settlement made upon them, but that he could dispose of both his own, and their Mother's Estate, in what manner, and to whom he pleased. Judge Sir, what forco such expression from a Fathor, who had always overaw'd bis Children, must make upon innocent 182 SBLA.TTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PAltlSH. Young Women, who were utter strangers to any provision made for them. The consequence of which was, that one Evening, a Stranger whom they had never seen before, came to Park : their Father immediately sent for them, and privately told them that he was a person who had brought some writing for them to signe, with relation to the Sale of his Estate in Derbyshire, not that they had any right or pretence to it, but that the purchaser was a scrupulous silly Fellow, and insisted on a punctilio, which would not in the least strengthen his Security or Title. That if they would consent freely he would upon his word, and by severall other promises he made them ; settle his whole Estato and Parke upon them. With these arguments and many threats if thoy did not comply, he soon prevailed ; the Gentle- man was called in, the writings immediately clap'd on the Table, and thoy in a manner forced to signe them, without hearing the least Line of them read, or suffered to peruse them one minute. Thus were they betrayed, for it was no better, out of an inheritance which nothing else could have taken from them. Both the Original Settlement, and Bond to Sir Thomas Jones, had been industriously concealed from them, and till within these Three yeares they were to my knowlege, intire strangers to them both. Now, Sir, the' I have not the honour personally to know you, yet the great, and good Charactor you beare, is the cause of our appeale to you, as well to prevent us probably, a lingering Chancery Suit, as yourself a groat deale of trouble. The money raised by the Salo of that part of our Mother's Estate in her lifetime, as I before hinted, was, as wo can prove, applyod to discharge a Mortgage upon 1'arko House and demesne to one llaynes ; upon the payment of the money she assignos to my Father Powel, he keeps it on foot during his Lady's life ; and after her decease, borrows the same Summe upon it againe, and assigns to the Lady Slingsby : she to Ash wood, Ash wood to some nieces of Mr. Codringtons ; they to Mr. William Kynaston who was the last and has been paid off by Mr. Jenks. Should we be obliged to prefer our Bill, which is now pre- paring ; wo are very well advised to pray, that our Settlement may be made good from those very Lands, which our Derby- shire money was Employ'd to cleare ; and no doubt we shall have a Decree to that object. Our due from this Estate is Four Thousand pounds, as is expressed in the Bond, in default pf making goocj the settlement by a limited time therein SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 183 mentioned ; and I hope we may be pretty sure you will not think that too much for us, Who have been wronged of an Estate worth Ten Thousand. We have been well advised in this business, that our demands are founded both on Law and Equity. What we ask of you, Sir, is that you would use such speedy meanes, as may oblige my Father Powel, to come to our proposalls ; and then we shall all readily consent to act, or doe anything which shall strengthen the Security of your Title. Otherwise wo must be obliged to file our Bill the first day of the next Termo, and get an injunction against compleating your purchase, till this affaire is determined. We beg your Endeavours may be speedy and effectuall, and that you would please to be assured, we have no design in this, but to secure the Lady's last Stake, for which no man of honour like you can blame. Sir Your most obedient Serv1 Park, Decr 27th [probably 1725.] The Son of that Haynes before mentioned, to whom there was due from my Father Powel £290. left my wife and Sisters, the Bond as a legacy at his Death. We have showed the Bond to Mr Jenks, and desire your Order to him to pay it. There being no debt of my Fathers more just, nor no bond but what it is Prior to." It is a satisfaction to know that Sir Francis Charlton admitted the claims of Thomas Powell's daughters, as is seen by extracts from the following deed which bears his signature and that of his wife's mother1 : — "Sept. 1, 1725. Thomas Powell on or about 23 Octr., 1686, became bound to Sir Thomas Jones of the Town of Shrewsbury ■ — — — — > 1 Whittington par. Register has the following entries of the Charltons : — " Miiddam Came, mother to Lady Charleton of Park Hall, buried IT) April, 1731." u iX-une Mary Charlton, relict of Francis Charlton of Ludford, Co, Hereford, lit, buried 14 January, 1741." " Francis lidward Charlton, Ifiaq., of Park Hall, buried 25 Feb., 1711." Vol. V., 2nd S, 184 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Kt., in a Bend for £4000 . . . upon condition that Thos. Powell should within six months settle and convey so much of his messuages etc, ... as should be of the yearly value of £120. To the use of him the said Thos. Powell and Millicent his wife for and during their lives, for and in part of the jointure of the said Millicent and from their decease for the use succes- sively in tail of their sons and daughters. And whereas the said Millicent since the above Bond made, died leaving 4 daughters, Jane, Mary, Elizabeth and Anne now wife to Charles Knipe. Elizabeth is dead and the three other daughters are still living, and whereas the Estate being of Thomas Powell being encumbered to the value thereof Thomas Powell to save what could be saved hath been obliged to sell the same to the above bounden Sir Francis Charlton, and to make provision for the said 3 daughters and their welfare left the sum of £2400 part of the purchase monie agreed to be paid for his Estate so sold in his the said Sir Francis Charlton's hands to be paid with such interest as is herein after provided to be paid for the same. Now the condition is that if the said Sir F. Charlton his heires etc. . . shall pay during the life of the said Thos. Powell the full sum of £114 on 1 Deer., 1 March, 1 June, and 1 Sep1., in equal parts the first to be paid on Decr. next. And also shall within six months after the decease of the said Thomas Powell pay amongst the daughters or if they be dead their representatives, the said principall of £2400 with legal interest for the same in full satisfaction of the Bond. Skmed rtmJ POWELL OF YE PARKE WHITTINGTON. Arms : Per fesse or. and arg. a lion ramp gules. Howell of Oswestry illeg. son=f Katherine, dau. of Richard Strange of Gruflyth ap Ievan Vyehan of A,bertanat, who wus descended from Eiuiou Efell. a of Knockin. i J. Morris's Colls. SELATTYX : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 185 I I Robert ap Howell=pKatherine, dau. of John Edwards Margaret admitted Drapers Uo.of Shrews- bury 1480, admitted Burgess 6 Hen. VII. , also Draper and Burgess of Oswestry. Will dated 18 Aug., 1541., proT. 24 Oct., 1541. hen of Chirk, by Ellen, dau. of Ellis Eytou of ltuabon. She mar. 1st Tudor Lloyd of Ial.2 I Thomas Powell- l)f Park, Esq., bur.at Whitting- ton, Sept. 20, 1588. Mary, dau. of Sir Robert Corbet of Mor- ton, SheriU* of Shrop. 15U7.3 Margaret=f William Mostyn, Esq., of Mostyn Hall, Flintshire. Blanch-Thomas Wil- liams of Wol- aston, parish Alberbury, Co. Salop. Sheriff* Shrop. 1582.5 Thomas Mostyn, Sheriff for=pTJrsula, d. of William Anglesey 1574-5 and 1587-8.^|/ Goodman. Robert died an infant John: Rich, o.s.p. Andrew o.s.p. Shonett, verch John ap Powell, bur. Whittington, 18 May, 1601. Robert, Sheriff Shrop.' 1503-4, bur. at Whit- tington, 12 March, 1604. Anne, dau. of Robert Elizabeth, 2nd: Needham of Shen- wife, bur. ton. Sheriff Of Shrop. Whittington, 1565.« 13 April, 1602. Morris Ludlow of Morehouse, Co. Salop.7 Thomas, bur. at- WhitiIngton,29 March, 1617. Mary, dau. of Thomas Atkins of Tasley, Gloucester, bur. Whit- tington, 2 Jan., 1625. Will dated 19 Dec, 1625. I . I Robert Powell, chris. at John " Whitteutoune,"10Sep. died 1585 (see Se'.attyu Re- young gister), bur. 13 July, 1595, at Whittington. | | Elizabeth, dau.=Robert, bap. at=Rachel, dau. Anne, of Walter Bar- Oswestry, Sept. of Sir Cecil bur.30 ker of Haugh- 6, 1614, Sheriff' Trafford, Kt. April, mond. Sheriff Shrop. 1617. 1611, Shrop. 1621. Will dated 28 Doc, 1653, at Whit- bur, at Whittington, 19 tington. Jan., 1653. b Robt. Powell, bap. 1 August, 1611, bur. at Whitting- ton, 20 Feb., 1611. 2 Herald. Vint, of Wales, vol ii., p. 353, and Her. Visit. Shrop., p. 171. 3 Her. Vintt. Shrop., p. 138. 4 Ibid, p. 308. In the [loyal Com. issued by Queen Elizabeth for holding the Eisteddfod at Caerwys in 15US, it is stated that " William Mostyn" and his ancestors havj had the gift of bestowing the " ttylver Harp " appertaining to the chief of that faculty. This harp is still preserved at Mostyn Hall. It is about (i indies long and has nine silver strings. » Ibid, p. Gu7. « Ibid, p 372. 7 Ibid, p. 311. 186 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. \_a I Margaret, mar.; 1624, bur. March 12, 1674. =Andrew Lloyd of Elizabeth— Leighton Owen, 4th son of Aston, M.P. 1656- bap. at Os- Robert Owen of Shrewsbury 1658, bur. in Aston westrvjuly and Woodhouse, by his 3rd Chapel, Aug. 13 30,1616. wife Mary, dau. of Thoraa8 1663. Leighton of Watlesburgh. Leighton Owen was living in 1646. tf Sarah Albany=pThomas Lloyd, bap. at Whittington, 9 June,*. L See Chap. I. 1625, bur. there 27 Sept., 1693Y Mary=Fdward, 3rd son of William Jones, Al- derman of Shrewsbury, who died 15 July, 1612s Katherine, chris. at— George Ludlow the Chappell at of Stokesay.mar Whittentoune Park at Whittington, 20th Feb., 1592. 12 Feb., 1615. Andrew chris. 19 | Feb., 1603. o.s.p. Edward Powell of=f=Mary, dau. of William London, heir to his Barnham of London nephew, bur. at bur. at Whittington, 16 Whittington, 15 Feb., 1674. April, 1665. I I Dorithye, bur. 7 Anne, bur. March, 1604, at 18 April, Whittington. 1624. Eobert Powell, Fellow of all Souls, Oxford 1648, Canon of S. Asaph, 1660, Rectorof Horlnet, 1662, Dr. Divinity 1663, Rector of Whittington 1666-1680, Chaplain to King Charles II., Chancellor of the Dio- cese of S. Asaph and Archdeacon of Salop. Will dated 3 April, 1679. Bur. at Whittington, 7 January, 1680. =Mary, dau. of Sir Thomas Jones of Shrewsbury, Kt.. Judge of the King's Bench, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. He was born 1614, educated at Shrewsbury School, M.P. for Shrewsbury. Died 1692.™ She was bur. at Whittington, 4 June, 1728. Thomas PoweU=FMilicent Dale, heir of Sheriff ofShrop- shire 1717. . . Derbyshire, bur. at Whittington, 8 March, 1689. Robert, chris. at Edward, born 24 Whittington, 27 August, chris. at July, 1666. Whittington, 24 Sep., 167L bur. at Whittington, 6 Oct,, 1685. Charles, chris. at Park, 28 Sep., 1673 (see Selat- tyn Register). Will 7 May, 1702, prov. 4 Aug I I I ' Francis Mary=Warre Elizibeth, chris. at Se- lattyn, 14 May, 1604, bur. at Whittington, 9 1719, P.C.C. June, 1693. Will dated 20 April, 1693, prov. P.C.C. 4 Aug., 1719. » Ibid, p. 282. y Ibid, p. 1186. W Hut. Shrewsbury School, p. 191). SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 187 la , 1 ii I Rachel, born 25 June, chria. Anne, chris. at Whitting-^=Thomas Lloyd of I at Whittiuyton, 28 June, ton, 28 June, 1670, mar. Aston and Whit- 166(?), bur. 29 Oct., 1690. 12 Jan., 1697- tington (see Penual MS.) Thomas Powell Jane, born Elizabeth, born Anne, chris.=p Charles Knipe of bap. at "Whit- 21 July, ch. 15 April, chris, 12 January, Huughley, Esq tington, 6 Jan., 28 July, 24 April, 1688, 1689, at Co. Suffolk, mar! 1686, died before 1685, at at Whittington, Whittington at Selattyn 30 1725. Whitting- bur.9 Feb.,172U, April, 1719.' ton. at Whittington. Thomas Knipe, chris. at Whittington Millicent Knipe, chris. at Whittington 2 March, 1720. 4 Nov., 1721. A letter dated 18 September, 1725, from Sir Francis Charlton to Mr. Kinaston, states " I have purchased all ye Estate of Thos. Powell of Parke . . . upon which you have a mortgage for t'2,550 principall money besides interest, for trust for Rebecca Maria Atkins an Infant suitor of ye Ct. of Chancery, and I am ready to pay you now both principal and interest." It will be remembered that Mr. Kynaston was mentioned in Charles Knipe's letter as having " been paid off by Mr. Jenks." We are able to reproduce the account of H. Jenks, though what part of it refers to lands in Selattyn, and what part to Whittington we do not pretend to say. It is dated 2 October, 1725 : — 3 Sop, 1725. Paid to [II. Jenks] for Mr. Powell in part of purchase of Parke Estate as by account delivered and allowed ... ... £4722 ] 9 To Mr. Powell more as per receipt ... ... 615 6 11 Mr. Vernon and others Bond to H. Jenks to be paid to Sir Francis Charlton on his order... 3000 0 0 To myself on purchase as promised by Sir Francis ... ... ... ... 105 0 0 To Mr. Thomas Kinaston as per receipt ... 10 10 0 The interest of Mr. Vernon's bond to be deducted, the same being to be paid when the prin- cipal is paid of ... ... ... 150 0 0 £8602 18 8 188 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Sir Francis Charlton,1 left the Park Estate to his second son Job Charlton, whose sister and heir, i?' s? O O-Tf-^ married three times. Her first husband was John Lloyd of Aston, Lord of the Manor of Whittington, and Patron of Selattyn ; their marriage settlement is dated 19 February, 1739, by which a jointure of £0,000 was settled upon her. There is a lease of lands for this year from John Lloyd, Esq., to // /? /V Esq., part of which (/ /Aatflvl are in Selattyn Parish, tS 0 r (J the rental of which is given thus : — TENANTS. £ s. d. Edward Jones, smith ... ... 1 0 0 Richard Smallman ... ... 8 0 0 John Smaliman ... 6 0 0 John Jones ... ... 12 0 0 Thomas Poole ... 2 4 0 Hugh Jones... ... 1 0 0 John Lloyd of Aston, died s.p. 28 September, 1740, his widow married secondly Richard Jenkins of Bicton, and thirdly John Quienchant2 of Shrewsbury, Co. Salop, Esq., to whose son John Charlton Kinchant, Sheriff of Shrop., 1775, Park Hall, descended. 1 Lady Charlton paid .£3G for 8 hcriots duo on the death of Sir Francis Charlton, Bt., to Robt. Lloyd, lord of the Manor, on 24 Janry., 1729. 2 His father, Jean Quinchant, was brought to England by his mother as a child in arms, they were " the only part of tho family who escaped from ono of the atrocious dragonades, directed by Louis XIV. against his Protestant subjects." He was Captain in Genl. Pultcney's Reg. of Foot, and fell at the battle of Fontenoy, 11th May, 1745. (Sheriffs of Shropshire.) Mrs. Elizabeth Quienchant was buried at S. Chad's, Shrewsbury, 1775, aged 82, where a gravestone commemorated licr. John Quienchant paid £40 5s. Id. for 8 Hcriots and Relief due on the death of Job Charlton, Esq. to Rev. Win. Lloyd, lord of tho manor, on 14 Juno, 1701. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 189 Agreements were made 17 April, 1753, and 18 Janu- his wife on the one part, and Thomas Lloyd of Aston, brother to John Lloyd and Rossindale Lloyd of Aston, nephew, of the other part, concerning the payment of her jointure, but they have nothing to do with the history of Selattyn. Prior to the Sale of Park in 1725, Thomas Powell had disposed of the Oldport Estate, to the Revd. James Ellice or Ellis. The exact date of this sale does not appear, but it must have taken place sometime between the mortgage of 1716 and 16 February, 1 724, on which date we find a receipt in the Heriot book of the Manor of Whittington, dated 16 February, 1724, from Robert Lloyd, Lord of the Manor, to " Mr. James Turner for ye sume of twenty pounds for five heriots due to me on ye death of Rev. Mr. James Ellice, for five severall tenements he dyed seized of in ye Lordship of Whittington,,, and also " Reccl at ye same time ye sume of one pound Eleven shillings and two pence being one years chief rent due and payable to me at Michaelmas last past for ye lands and tenements as under- written " : — I say recd by me Rob. Lloyd For ye Oldport ... ... ... 130 For Loyn y Coppa ... ... ... 3 8 For Loyn y Kerrick ... ... ... 24 For two tenements in Whittington ... 2 2 £1 11 2 There is also a receipt dated 27 July, 1726, for a year's chief rent due from Mr. James Turner. in 190 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Who James Ellice was, and how James Turner came to be his heir, are two problems which remain unsolved. There is no will of James Ellice at St. Asaph or Somerset House, and his name does not occur amongst the beneficed Clergy of St. Asaph Diocese. The extent of his purchase is defined for us, in the account quoted above. The origin of the Turners is somewhat obscure, they were probably of Oswestry. 1 have failed to connect them with William Turner, Mayor of Shrewsbury, 1742, whose father William, was a Draper and Alderman of Shrewsbury, and whose grandfather was William Turner of Wellington, Co. Salop.1 was in all probability a son of Thomas Turner f<-s£^y of Oswestry, tanner ; ' because amongst the Turner and Edwards MSS. at Pennal Towers is a 21 years lease of land to him, at a yearly rental of ^34, from John Lacon of West Coppice, Co. Salop, Esq., and Letitia Lacon, his wife. The lease was of " one parcell of land containing seven pieces (that is to say) the Crosse Willin field, Massadowe2 for Cacabbon, Kustudellin,3 Cacabbon4 — Yeaka, Rust- hear,6 Canessafor,6 situate within the parish of Oswestry, now in the occupation of the said Thomas Turner, together with one cottage adjoining, and now or late in the possession of John Williams." Sinfned Dated 5 December, 10 Will. III. (1698.) 1 tiheri/s of tihrop., p. 192. 1 Maes adwy, i.e. Field of the great gap. 3 (jii 'f Trust y delyn, i.e The sound of the harp. * i.e. Uahbili field. & Trwst y hir, i.e. the long sound. 0 i.e. The near big field. sglattyn: a history of the parish. 191 Thomas Turner had been many years resident in Oswestry ; from the Corporation Records we learn that on " January 2nd, 1689, Thomas Turner, Tanner, was elected and chosen Burgesse of this Town by the Mayor, Aldermen and Common Councell then psent and is to pay for the same 40s and the said Thomas Turner was duely sworn this xxth of ffebruary 1689." In a lease dated 8 July, 1 George II. (1727), James Turner is described as of the Town of Oswestry, Co. Salop, Gent., he lets to Thomas Williams of Whit- tington, Wheelwright, for eleven years, a messuage in Whittington, which formerly belonged to the Powell Estate, " called Cae Kelynen,1 y Weirglodd galed,2 y Weirglodd Vechan, the Wood Leasow, the new enclosure by Cae Carn,3 the two enclosures of Cae Sapling, the enclosure adjoining to Cae Nina and the Leasow, near Paddocke's Smithy," at a yearly rent of J6l8. On 26 August, 1731, Mr. James Turner pays off a mortgage upon the Lees farm in Ifton, par. Oswestry, which had been made between Thomas Powell and Charles Benskin of London, Vintner, on 28 September, 1688. We learn from Oswestry Register that James Turner married xlnne Lloyd at Aston Chapel, 29 July, 1725. He lived at one time at Fernhill ; his son Thomas was born there 29 January, 1728, and was baptized at Whittington. Anne Turner, the mother of Thomas, died when he was only 8 years old, and was buried at Whittington, 27 November, 1736. There is an entry in Selattyn Register, in the year 1740, " Mr. Turner a stranger from ye Oldport buried 26 June, Butcher." We do not know to whom it refers. We learn from the TIeriot book of Whittington Manor that " James Turner conveyed the estate in his 1 i.e. The holly field. 2 i.e. Tliu hart] meadow. 3 i.e. Kield of the stone mound. Vol. V., 2nd S. 192! SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. lifetime to his son Thomas, on whose death a fortnight before his father," a composition was made of 5 guineas each for six Heriots amounting to j£31 10s., with which 5s. and Id. relief were paid. \ It also states that " the estate a^ain returned to the father, but he surviving the son but a fortnight, the Revd. Wm. Lloyd forgave the heriots " on James Turner's death. . From this time Heriots were always paid in money not in kind. James Turner and his only son Thomas, both died in February, 1757. Oldport now descended to Mary, daughter of James Turner, and wife of Humphrey Edwards of Talgarth, and they lease it on the 28 March, 1757, to Thomas Vernon of Aston, Co. Salop, Gent., together with a farm called the Lees,1 "late in the possession of Thomas Turner, Esq., deceased." Humphrey Edwards and Mary his wife reserve to themselves and their heirs " The best Parlour at Old- port, the room over it, the yellow room thereto adjoin- ing, the green garret, the summerhouse in the garden, the three stalled stable, the hayloft, the nursery and the use of the kitchen, pantry, dairy, etc.," in fact enough of the house to make a comfortable pied a terre for them, upon their occasional visits from Talgarth. Thomas Vernon had Oldport and the Lees, on a 21 years' lease, at a yearly rent of J6225. A document enclosed in the lease states that " Mr. Edwards doth hereby constitute and appoint the said Mr. Vernon his lawfull attorney and agent for all his estates in Shrop- shire at a salary of £5 a year." Upon 1 December, 31 George II. (1757), Humphrey Edwards and Mary his wife mortgage their Shropshire property for JC 1,500 and the interest thereof to Thomas Jones of Llandisilio, Co. Denbigh, to the use of William In If toii, par. Oswestry. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 193 Forester of Dothill, Co. Salop, Esq., for the term of 1,000 years. This document gives a detailed description of their lands. They were the " Capital messuage, etc. called Oldporte Farm, together with three pieces of land thereunto belonging called Kay Llidiart, Kay Pwlch, and Kay Millioneth,1 lying within the parishes of Sellattin and Whittington heretofore in the possession of James Turner, Esq. since dec. late father of the said Mary Edwards and now in possession of the said Humphrey Edwards, and Thomas Vernon their assigns and undertenants. And also all the messuage and lands called Llwyn y Coppa, situate in the parish of Sellattin formerly in the occupation of Roger Meredith, since of one Richard Meredith .... And also all the messuage etc. known as the Lees in Ifton, Oswestry parish . . . And also two small farms in Whittington . . . And also all those three pieces of ground lying in Sellattin heretofore in the occupation of Humphreys Evans, Miller, and now in possession of Richard Jones, Miller. And also all those three parcels of land called Cae Ty yn wlado2 formerly in five different parts or pieces, purchased by James Turner of one John Felton of Oswestry Brazier, and situate within the parish of Sellattin. And also all those two pieces and parcells of land called Cae Esprydion3 late in the tenure of James Turner. And all those three pieces of land which were formerly in four parts, now in the occupation of Robert Hughes. And all that piece of land known as Cae Dottor,4 situate in Oswestry parish. 1 i.e., The trefoil field. 2 (?) a i.e., l paunicated by the Rev. J. J). La Touche, M.A. 253 AN ELIZABETHAN CLERGY LIST OF THE DIOCESE OF LICHFIELD. By tub IIev. J. CHARLES COX, LL.D., F.S.A. Among the capitular muniments at Lichfield is an undated manuscript list of the benefices and chapelries of the diocese, which also gives the names of the officiating clergy, with their degrees and preaching license, and their stipend. The manuscript consists of eighteen paper folios loosely stitched together, and now much frayed. The writing is the same throughout, and is nearly complete for the whole diocese, with the exception of the Staffordshire deanery of Lapley and Tresull. By a careful collation of the names of the incumbents, it is proved that the time of the compilation of this list was the last year of Elizabeth, or the first of James I., 1602-3. So much of interest has ever attached to the condition of the State clergy at different epochs in our national history, that such a list as this is of no small value. That one of the immediate effects of the Reformation was to materially lower the influence, the social standing, and especially the learning of the secular clergy, is beyond gainsaying. Several proofs of this are extant in clerical rolls of the earlier part of Elizabeth's reign. In the year 1563, out of the one hundred and sixteen priests of the Archdeaconry of London, forty- two were ignorant of Latin, thirteen had received no classical learning whatever, and four were in every way u indocti." Thirty-one of the remaining fifty-seven were classed in the Archdeacon's register as"latine mediocriter intell," and actually only three had any knowledge of the Greek tongue ! Strype, in his " Annals of the Reformation," states that the custom of ordaining unscholarly candidates speedily passed away as soon as the urgent necessity had come to an end, and implies that the choice of graduates only was Vol. V., 2nd S, GG 254 AN ELIZABETHAN CLERGY LIST the rule after 1573, but the manuscript before us conclusively disproves this statement. This Lichfield list covers a far wider area than any other that has hitherto been made the basis of special comment, and is also of a much later date than instances usually quoted, for the first wave of the .Reformation had fairly settled down by the end of Elizabeth's reign. The order in which the benefices and chapel ries are given is : Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Shropshire,1 and Warwickshire, and follows for the most part the division of rural deaneries. In no part of England, except possibly Lancashire, and certainly in no one diocese, is the change that three centuries have made in the population more remarkable. In 1603, Birmingham was content with a single parson, one Luke Smith, and Mr. Smith, being a pluralist and keeping no curates, was also the single parson at Solihull, about seven miles distant. Birmingham of 1884, instead of finding occu- pation for half a parson, keeps upwards of sixty ministers of the Establishment in full employment, and that exclusive of the suburbs, many of which are now indistinguishable from the town proper. Rugby, which is not at first recognised under its older name of Hookeby, notwithstanding the founding of its great grammar school earlier in Elizabeth's reign, had for a parson one who had no degree and was no preacher. The total number of benefices and chapelries enu- merated in this list is four hundred and sixty-one, and the total of clergy four hundred and thirty-three. Out of this total of the clergy, only about one-fourth were graduates — viz., one hundred and ten, and those who 1 Tho Shropshire portion of the list of benefices, clergy, &c, is alone given in this Paper. Those who wish to consult the portion relating to the other counties comprised in the old Diocese of Lichfield, arc referred to the Derhyshire Archaeological Journal for the year 1884, where the whole of the MS. is printed. By Dr. Cox's kind permission, we are enabled to reproduce the part relating to Shropshire, together with his valuable Introduction. — Editors. OF THE DIOCESE OF LICHFIELD. 255 were licensed to preach were less than a fifth, viz., eighty -two. Of the graduates, thirty-eight were Bachelors of Arts, sixty-five Masters of Arts, two Bachelors of Divinity, four Doctors of Divinity, and one " Bachelor of lawe." Another gentleman, who served the Derby- shire cures of Sutton and Trusley, is entered as " Student in Cambridge 7 years." The column relating to preacher's license is of special interest. Henry VIII. was of opinion that four sermons a year was an ample sufficiency. Edward VI. enjoined eight sermons a year in every parish church, four of them to be against Papacy, and on behalf of the Royal supremacy. The Elizabethan injunctions of 1559 imply that a licensed preacher should preach in every parish church four times a year, and that on other Sundays a homily should be read. This Lichfield Diocesan List was drawn up in the very year when the present canons of the Church were put forth, and was very possibly one of a similar series from each of the dioceses of the province of Canterbury that caused the greater strin- gency of canons xlv., xlvi,, and xlvii. with respect to preaching. The preachers license, now given as a matter of form to every raw deacon on his ordination, was then a question of far more serious consideration, no doubt in some measure owing to the prevalence of political and controversial discourses. The possession of a degree by no means implied the preacher. Several of the Bachelors, and some few of the Masters in this catalogue, are entered as " no preachers;" whereas there are, on the other hand, several instances of non- graduates who were duly licensed to preach, though generally " in their own cure." Doctors of Divinity were, however, accepted by the Bishops as duly licensed by virtue of their degree. The Universities themselves granted preachers' licenses to other than Doctors, and which were apparently also recognised by the Bishops ; in Lichfield diocese there was an M.A. holding an Oxford University preacher's license, granted LG years 256 AN ELIZABETHAN CLERGY LIST before, and another M.A. and a B.D. both holding preachers' licenses of the University of Cambridge. Fifty-one of the clergy held a license direct from their own Bishop, seventeen from the Archbishop of Canter- bury, six from the Archbishop of York; one each from the Bishops of Lincoln, Ely, and Norwich, and one from two Doctors during the vacancy of the Lichfield See. As a rule, licenses once granted in any See seem to have been accepted elsewhere in the case of change of diocese ; but there were apparently exceptions, for one of the Lichfield clergy held the license of Bishop Jewell of Sarum in addition to that of his diocesan, and another one held in like addition the license of the Bishop of Gloucester. Some of these licenses dated back many years. Bishop Jewell, for instance, had been dead 32 1 years; two held licenses of Bishop Bentham of Lichfield, who had been dead 23 years ; another of Archbishop Parker, and another of Archbishop Sandys, of York. The compiling of this list brought to light certain abuses ; such, for instance, as the parson who was preaching in his own cure, but held no license, and the far graver case of Cutberd Terry, the nominal minister of Burdingbury, in Warwickshire, but who is declared to be 4 1 no parson." The final column of this catalogue, in which are entered the clerical stipends, is chiefly taken from the Valor Ecclesiasticus of ITenry VIII., and is quoted from as " the Kinges Bookes," but the sums paid to the curates of chapelries are also duly entered. A few- even of these entries are somewhat remarkable, as showing the way in which the paltry pittance of the country curate was eked out by board at the squire's or yeoman's table. The curate of Marebrooke Chapel received annually "iiijH in money and his dyott," whilst the curate of Wingerworth, who was a Bachelor of Arts but no preacher, received " vj11 xiij8 iiij(1 and his table." My thanks are due to the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield for permission to print this Clergy List in extenso. ! Ml OF THE DIOCESE OF LICHFIELD 257 St. Chades'in Salop- Thomas Price, curate. St. Julians in Salop — Thomas Jarvace, curate . St. Crosse in Salop — Edmund Bennet. vicar .... St. Alkmundes in Salop — Humfrey Leech, vicar .... Broughton — Thomas Newnes, curate . Sevnton— VVillm Morrice, Parson.... Welling ton- John Jorden, vicar Wroberdyne — Thomas Ashe, Vicar Frodesley— r Lodovicus Taylor, rector . Rodington — Thomas Howell, Rector . Elismere— Humfrey Kinaston, vicar'. Cockshut chap. — John Parker, reader Didles tone- Thomas Edwards, curate . Welch Hampton — John Powell, curate Penley — John ap Thomas, reader . Leebotwood — Willm Peyne, curate Nestrange — Thomas Heeling,? vicar .. . Cundover — Thomas Fletcher, vicar.... Wroxeter— Ranulphus Sharp, vicar . Great Arcall— George Wood, vicar Withington— Edward Scofield, curate .. Leighton— Richard Wolly, vicar Eyton Constantyne — Willm Rogers, curate Cunde — Radulphus Shawe, Rector Cressage — Edward Lodge, curate ... Kenley— Willm. Chalner, curate... Stepulton— Rolandus Harris, Parson llordloy— Hugho Roberts, Parson .. no degree. bachelor of arts no degree mr. of artes.. no degree mr. of art.... no degree.... no degree.... no degree.... mr. of artes. mr. of artes. no degree ... mr. of artes. no degree.... no degree.... mr. of artes. a bachelor of artes mr. of artes. no degree.... no degree.... no no degree bachelorofartes a preacher by theLorBushop of Cov. & Lich no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher no no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher .. ao preacher ipreacherbythe Lordbushop of Coven & lich a preacher by ye LordBushop< " Coven & lich i preacher ut supra no preacher no preacher k preacher by ye LordBushopof Coven & licl no preacher . apreacherbytl: LordBushopof Coven. & Lich iiijft. xs. stipend viijfi.in thekinges bookes. vli. in the kinges bookes. vijli. viijs. i\d. in the k. bookes. vjli. vjs. viijd. in the kinges bookes xvrj li. in the kinges bookes. xjZt. in the kinges bookes. xvj7i. vjs. viijcf. in the kinges bookes ixli. stipend. vjh. xijs. in the kings bookes. viijft. vjli. vs. viijrf. in the k : bookes. iuj//. in the kinges bookes. 258 AN ELIZABETHAN CLERGY LIST Pichford— Roger Tidder, Parson . . Berington— Michael Massy, Parson.. Great Upton- Edmund Scofield Monford— Henrie Cunde, vicar Baschurch — Peter Sanckie, vicar Petton— Edward Rawlinson, parson Loppingdon — Richard Howes, vicar ... Middle- Raphe Kinastone, parson Preston goballs— Willm Tecke, curate Grinshill— Thomas Pea, Curate Acton Bromall— John Mallard, Parson ... Acton Pigott — vacat. Smethcote — John Shelrocke, Parson Harley — Thomas Bent, Parson Attingham— Robert Fareley, vicar .... Rinton— Thomas Davies, vicar . .. Fitz— Gedion Hancox, parson.... Ightfield— Georg Hadnall, parson .... Felton— Thomas Sandfield, parson Whitchurch- James Brooke, parson .... Tilstocke — Moreton Corbet & Frodisley- Lodwieke Taylor, Parson. Hodnet— Willm Daykin, Parson .... Moreton Sea— Willm Cad man Staunton — Willm Gibbons, vicar no bachelor of artes bachelor of artes no degree a mr. of artes no degree no degree mr. of artes... no decree no degree no degree no degree no degree no degree no degree no degree no degree no degree mr. of artes... no degree no degree no degree no degree apreacherbythe Lord Bp. of C & lich apreacherbythe L. Bushop of Cov. & lien. no preacher no preacher no preacher no preacher apreacherbythe L. Bushop of Co. & Lich. no preacher no preacher no preacher t preacher by Doctor Clarke & Doctor Au- bery, sede va cante i p : lie. by Lo B. of C. &L... no preacher a preacher in his owne cure by the L : Busho of Coven & lie a preacher in his own cure ut supra no preacher apreacherbythe L. Bushop of Co. & lich... i preacher supra ut apreacherbythe L. Bushop of Coven & lich no preacher no preacher no preacher xli. vija. in ye kinges bookes. ixli. iiiift. in ye kinges bookes, xli. in the kinges bookes. iij/i in the kinges bookes. vjli. in the kinges bookes. xijli. in thekinges bookes. viijii. stipend. iiijli. stipend. vj7i. xs. in the kinges bookes. iiiili. in thekinges bookes. xjli. vjs. viijrf. in thekinges bookes Wi. xix». in the kinges bookes vli. vij*. villi in thekinges bookes. xixli. in thekinges bookes. vft. iijj.iiljcMnthe kinges bookes. xxvj&. ixs. in the kinges bookes. vij/i. vli. x«. X'/. in the kinges book 00. OF THE DIOCESE OF LICHFIELD 259 Longnor — Willm Penne, curate Shawbury — John Dicker, vicar Eiton upon Wildmore— John Maning, Parson Preston upon Wildmore — Roger Bradeley, Parson Wemme — Peter Sanckie, Parson .. Leebroekhurst — Humfrey Stanworth, curate Little Nesse— Thomas Gittens, curate.. Little Buildwas— Uffington— Paynton — Batlerield— Willm Tecke, curate Wicksall chapell— Clife chapell— Thomas Newans, curate Nuport— Richard Felton, curate .. no degree. no degree a mr. of artes .. no degree Kemberton — John Corbett, Parson Kinassey — Robert Watson, Parson Stoke-super-Terne— Rowland Clay, Parson ... Edgmond— John Bagshaw, Parson .. Tibberton chap. — Richard Fryer, curate ... Aston chap— Boias— Koeer Benbowe, Parson. Longford — John Hawkins, Parson ... Albrighton— Richard Barnes, vicar ... Norton-in-Hales — Alan Downes, Parson ... Donyngton — John Chapman, Parson... Chetwyn— Roger Harpur, Parson Stircnley— Robert Bell, Parson ... Aderlcy— John Farre, Parson ... Shufnall— Abdias Birche, vicar Upton parva— Roger Lowe, Parson Hinstock— Georgo Reignald, Parson Arcall parva — Thomas Browne, curate no degree. no degree, no degree. no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher .. no preacher no preacher cherbj Bushop of apreacherbythe Lo. Bushop Cov. & Lien do degree no degree a bachelor of art no degree no degree, no degree, no degree, no degree, no degree. no degree, no degree, no degree. mr. of artes no degree, no degree, no degree. vijli. xvijs. ob in the kings book ea iij/i. in the kings bookes. xxli. in the kings bookes. stipendarie. lis. stipend. vli. stipend. xli. stipend. no preacher no preacher no preacher no preacher ... no preacher no preacher no preacher ... no preacher no preacher no preacher no preacher no preacher apreacherbythe Lord Arch Bushop of Can terbury no preacher no preacher no preacher vli. in the kinges bookes. vjli. in the kinges bookes. kxU. in the kingea bookes. iiijii. stipend. vijZiin the kinges bookes. Vjli. in the kinges bookes. vli. xs. in the kinges bookes. vli. in the kinges bookes. xiijft. vjs. viiji, in the kinges bookes. xili. in the kinges bookes. vjli. in the kinges bookes. xjli. vs. in the kinges bookes. xvli. iij&« xvijs. in ye kinges bookes. vli. in the kinges bookes. iiijli. xiiis. iiijti, stipend. 260 ELIZABETHAN CLERGY LIST. Lilshull- Thoms Millincton, vicar Stookton — Willm Rogerson, Paraon Rington— Robtus Pedmore, Rector Daw ley — Francis Rogers, curate ... Sutton Maddocke— Georg Barnes, vicar Boninghall — John Chapman, curate ... Drayton-in-hales— Roger Daker, vicar. Tong- George Meason, curate Hadnalcap de Midle— Thorns Vvhitcoinbe, curate a mr. of artes... a bachelor of divinity .. no degree no degree no degree a bachelor of artes Mr. of artes no degree, no degree. apreacherbythe LordBushopof Co. & lich... a preacher by the university of Cambridge no preacher ... no preacher ... no preacher .. no preacher ... apreacherbythe lord Bushopof Coven & liicl no preacher no preacher vjft. vja. viijrf. in the kings bookea. xiijli. xja. in the kinges bookes. vli. in the kinges bookes. Stipend vij/t. vli. in the kinges bookes. viij^i. xijli. xs. in the kinges bookes. viijZi stipend, iiij/i. stipend. 2G1 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE AND THEIR DESCENDANTS By R H. GOUGH and A. V. GO UGH. Roger Gough of Tylley, par. Wem, born about 1455, died in 1538 " of the age of fourscore years and thre," as he himself states in his will dated 6 May, 1538, and proved at Lichfield, 27 Sept. following. He desires to be buried in the Church of Wem, and bequeaths " to the parish Church of Loppington vs." and " to the Chapel of Cocke Shotte xiicZ." Amount of Inventory £20 5s. The legatees are John Gough his son, Roger Gough his godson, Roger Gough of Noneley, William Gough of Newton (? Newtown, par. Wem), Anne Grome of Slepe, Maud Alen, Marget Drury, Agnes his daughter, Thomas his son, and Richard Gough ; Sir Richard Drury, Overseer ; and Richard and John Gough, his sons, Executors. Perhaps most of these were his children, though the relationship is not determined in all cases ; for it would seem natural to suppose that Richard Gough the Legatee and Richard Gough the Executor are identical, yet the relationship is not stated in the former case,- while in the latter he is called son. John Gough would thus appear to be the eldest son from his position in the will, and Richard the youngest. Richard Gough, the (? youngest) son of Roger, is very probably the first Richard Gough of Newton-on- the-hill, stated by Gough to have been "descended of that antient family of the Goughs of Tylley, who were Coppyholders1 of about £G0 per annum." In a pedigree 1 " At aurvcy of 15G1 Thomas Poyner of Beslowe was ye only free- holder. All y° inhabitants of Tilley were copyholders or tenants by lease or at will."— Garbet's Wefn, Vol. V, Jnd S, UU 262 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE in the possession of Mrs. Bickerton he is said to have come from Tylley in the year 1539 ; and there may be something in the coincidence between the death of Roger Gough in 1538 and the settling of Richard at Newton in 1539. At this point Gough* s account is not accurate. The Myddle Registers make it doubtful on chronological grounds ; and the will of Richard Gough (dated 1 5 July, 1575, and proved at Lichfield, 14 May, 1576), settles the matter conclusively. Gough's Richard the " first" and " second" are really one and the same man. His wife's name was Anne (perhaps " the daughter of one Hay ward, of Aston, neare Wem") by whom he had the following" children : — 1. Richard, of Newton-on-the-hill, yeoman, " the third," 2. Thomas, executor of his fathers will in 1576. He " marryed a wife in Weston Lullingfield,,, by name Helen, " and held a considerable farme there ; butt his family is whoaly extinct." Thomas Gough "of Weston, husbandmn " was buried at Baschurch, 24 Feb., 1601, and " Elline Goughe of Weston widdowe" on 3 Feb., 1604. We have not yet cleared up their issue satisfac- torily, but they had several children.1 The Myddle Register contains the burial entries of two children of theirs : Anne, bapt. 17 and buried 27 Nov., 1583 ; and Mary, buried 8 Dec, 1588. They had also a son Thomas Gough, of Weston Lullingfield, who married three wives. By his first wife Anne, who was buried at Baschurch on 25 Feb., 1610-11, Thomas Gough had issue : Margaret, bapt. at Baschurch, 25 Oct., 1606, died inf.; Elizabeth, bapt. 25 Nov., 1607, living 1630; 1 v. infra, abstract of the will of Thomas Gough, 1630. George Gough of Weston, husbandman, and Katharine Philipps, spinster, were married at Baschurch, 29 Oct., 1615. This may be a son of theirs. The Baschurch Registers also contain many entries of Goughs of Prescott, but there is good reason to believe that these were a branch of the Goughs of Loppington. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 263 Margaret, bapt. 25 Aug., 1609, living 1630 ; and Thomas, bapt. 20 Feb., 1610-11, and buried 13 May, 1611. His second wife Katharine was buried at Baschurch, 13 Oct., 1624. Thomas Gough married thirdly at Baschurch, 20 Sept., 1625, Mary Edwards of Stanwardine-in-the-field, by whom he had a post- humous son Thomas, bapt. at Baschurch, 27 Dec, 1630. Thomas Gough by his will, dated 22 Aug., 1630, and proved at Lichfield, 1 Dec. following, desires to be buried in the Churchyard of Baschurch, where accord- ingly he was buried 25 Aug., 1630. He mentions Thomas Scryven of Frodesley, co, Salop, Esq., Mary Gough, his wife, Elizabeth his daughter, ** the issue1 which my wife now goeth with," John Lee,2 son of George Lee of Weston, :i my sister's3 two children," Margaret his daughter, Katharine Done of Whixall, his sister, William Bees his godson, William Edwards4 and his children, Francis Jones, and Richard Jones. The executors are Mary, his wife, and Richard Gough of Acton Reynold, his " brother-in-law."5 Amount of Inventory (dated 26 Aug., 1630), £242 3s. 8d. Further than this we have not traced this branch down ; but Gough says that the family was " whoaly extinct" in 1701, i.e., in the male line. 3. Roger, who died inf. 1544. " Humatio Rogeri filii Richardi Goughe de Newton yeoman et Annae uxoris ejus fuit 20 Maii 1544." — Myddle Register. 4. Roger, of Newton-on-the-hill, bapt. at Myddle 19 Sept., L 546, mentioned in his fathers will 1575. Gough 1 i.e., Thomas supra, bapt. 27 Dec, 1030. 2 The following entry is at Baschureh :— "1620, John the sonne of George Lee of Weston yoma' was baptized the second daye of Aprill." 3 "I give and bequeath unto my sisters two children xviis. now in their fathers handes." Perhaps George Lee supra married a sister of Thos. Gough, and the "two children "are John b. 1G20, and another. 4 Probably brother of his third wife Mary Edwards. 5 " Brother-in-law " is very curious. Thomas Gough and Richard Gough were first cousins, being brother's children. Possibly Anne, Thomas Gough's first wife, was a sister of Katharine, wife of Richard Goagh, and daughter of Trustan Turner. 264 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE says that he had a wife called Guen, and died s.p. He appears, however, from the Myddle Register to have had one daughter : " Sarah filia Rogeri Goughe de Middle et Guennae uxoris ejus sepult. fuit 6 die Junii 1645." . This seems a casual way of speaking of a man born 100 years before. Probably he lived to a good age. He does not appear to have left a will, and we do not know the date of his death. 5. Margaret, who " was married to Richard Paine, of Eardeston, one of the eleaven townes." Richard Gough in his will, dated 1575, mentions Richard and Roger Payn, "my daughters ij children." Richard Payne "was a good freeholder," says R. Gough, "and his heyres continue " in Eardeston " to this day." In 1703 "Richard Payne son of Richard Payne late of Eardiston co. Salop deceased " was apprenticed to Joseph Muckle- ston, mercer.1 It will be seen that these children of Richard and Anne Gough exactly coincide with the children whom Gough divides between Richard "the first" and Richard " the second," so that we must cut down the number 1 Mercers' Guild, Transactions, Vol. VIII. We should much like help towards clearing up the descendants of Richard and Margaret Payne. Gough's Myddle (p. 139), mentions " my Cozen, Thomas Payne of Edstaston," who purchased lands in Nonelcy of John Downton (b. 1617). Thomas Payne of Edstaston is mentioned in Garbct's Wem as a benefactor to Wem school. The Loppington Registers contain the baptisms of several children of Thomas and Frances Payne of Nonelcy from 1708, and of James and Mary Payne from 1716. Mr. Thomas Payne of Nonelcy was buried there 22 May, 1729. Perhaps also the following references relate to this family. In 1630 Richard Payne was appraiser of the Inventory of Thomas Gough of Weston Lullingfield. Roger Payne of Baschurch and Elizabeth Yorkc of Berrington were married at Berrington, 3 July, 1601. Richard Payne of Weston Lullingfield married Jane, daughter of Francis Finch; both were living in 1701 (Gough's Myddle, p. 186). George Morris in his list of Arms of Shropshire Families mentions a hatchment in Westbury Church to Ursula, daughter and heir of Richard Payne of Weston Lullingfield, and relict of Ward Qfliey of Hinton, and of John Topp (d. 1737) of Whitton ; she died 1747 (Transactions, Vol. VII). Married at Loppington, 3 May, 1732, Richard Payne of Baschurch and Mary Povey. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 265 of Richards by one. If Gough's authorities were deeds, he must have made some mistake in tabulating his notes. As to his statement that Richard " the first " was a leaseholder and Richard "the second" a free- holder, the fact is that it was the same Richard Gough who took the lease in 1539, and afterwards (in 1551) purchased it ' 'of Richard Banaster of Had nail, Esq., and Peter his son."1 This Richard Gough in his will, dated 15 July, 1575, and proved at Lichfield; 14 May, 157G, by his son Thomas, desires to be buried in the Parish Church of Myddle ; and the Register records his burial on 8 Oct , 1575. His widow Anne (who is mentioned in her husband's will 1575) was buried at Myddle, 14 March, 1583-4. Richard Gough " the third," son of Richard and Anne Gough, "lived to a great age," probably about 90, and was buried at Myddle, 10 March, 1627. He was Churchwarden of Myddle when " Mr. Kinaston transcribed2 the Register/' every page from 1541 to 1598 being subscribed with his name. He married 1st Joan (not "Elizabeth, " as Gough states), daughter and only child of William Crump of Acton Reynold, -who seems to have been a man of considerable force of character.3 Three entries from the Shawbury Register, anno 1575, bear out Gough's account : — 1 Richard Banaster d. 1568, and Peter, his son, 1575. 2 Gough's Myddle, p. 15. — Kev. Ralph Kynaston was Rector of Myddle from 159G to his death 8 Nov., 1629. He " dorived his pedigree" from the Kynastons of Hordley, but not "by many descents," for he was the youngest son of Roger Kynaston of Morton, and nephew of Edward of Hordley, and grandson of Wild Humphrey. He matriculated at S. Mary Hall, Oxford, 27 Nov., 1581, aged 21 j B.A. 1581, M A. 1587. lie married at S. Julian's, Shrewsbury, 1 July, 1000, Susannah, daughter of Kit-hard Lewis of Shrewsbury, by whom ho had several children, lie was ancestor of the Kynastons of Trewylan, and of the Edwardses of Old Court, co. Wicklow. 3 Gough's Myddle, p. 95. — Wm. Cromp was appraiser to Richard Gough 1575. Elizabeth, wife of Wm. Crump of Acton Reynold, was buried at Shawbury, '20 Jan., 1587-8. 266 THE GOUGBS OF MYDDLE " The xxth daie of January, Rychard Goughe of the pyshe of Medull was maried unto Jone Crumpe of this pyshe." " The vith daye of November, Hychard Goughe the sonne Rychard Goughe was cristened of Actonreynolde. Mr. Rychard Leveson 1 ,p & George Mylward } f?^^ers. Maisteres Marget Corbet,1 godmother." " The xixth daye of November, Jone Goughe the wyfe of Rychard Goughe of Actonreynolde was buried." Richard Gough married secondly Guen, relict of Thomas Baker of Weston Lullingfield. Gough gives her Christian name as Anne ; but he is again in error, for she appears as Guen both in the baptism entries of her children and in her burial entry: " Sepultura Guennae uxoris Richardi Gough de Newton yeoman fuit 9 Decembris 1596." By her former husband, Thomas Baker, she had a son2 Thomas, who purchased Sweeney from Andrew Chambre in 1623 and died in 1639, leaving with other3 issue a son Thomas, who built Sweeney Hall, and was a Parliamentarian in the Civil Wars. He was born about 1 606 1 was Sheriff of Shropshire4 in 1649, Knight of the Shire in 1653, and died s.p. 19 1 Second daughter of Sir Andrew Corbet; she married Thomas Harley of Brampton, co. Hereford. 2 Perhaps also two daughters, Mary, m Great, and Anne, m. Richard Gough of Burlton, "uncle" to the historian (Gough 's Myddle, p. 142) : v. abstract of Roger Gough's will (pp. 2C8, 269). 3 A son, who died young, and a daughter, Katharine, who m. Edward Lloyd of Bentrecoed, and had a son John Lloyd of Pentrccocd, who was sent to Oxford "to lcarne University readeing" (Gough's Myddle, p. 99). John Lloyd "profited nothing" in Oxford, and having on his return married a wife " of noe fortune, and hardly a good name," he was disinherited by his uncle Thomas Baker, who had chosen him for his heir. 4 Arms were confirmed to Thomas Baker of "Swaney," 14 Oct., 1C49, by Wm. Ryley, Norroy, as being "originally descended of the auncient family of the Bakers in the county of Kent : " Az., on a chevron or, between 3 swans' heads erased 2 and 1 of the second beaked gu., as many cinqucfoils of the third." (A&hmolcan MS. in Bodleian Library). AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 267 March, 1675. Having no issue by his wife Elizabeth (buried at S. Julian's, Shrewsbury, 1683), sister of Col. Fen wick, and dau. of Wm. Fen wick of Stanton, co. Northumberland, by his wife Elizabeth, dau. of Sir Cotton Gargrave, Knt., he in 1663 settled his estate on his kinsman Thomas Browne and Mary his wife, the eldest daughter of John Gough of Bessford (v. infra). Richard Gough by his second wife Guen had five children : — 1. John, of Bessford, par. Shawbury, " a dilligent laboriouse person, and spareing allmost to a fault." In 1637 he was executor with William Gouofh to their brother Roger. In 1649 he purchased freehold land in Bessford of about £50 per aim. from Sir Vincent Corbet. He " had been in actuall armes for the King under Sir Vincent Corbett " during the Civil Wars, and made this purchase in the name of his brother William for fear of the Parliament. He died two years after, and was buried at Shawbury, 23 Oct., 1651. By his wife Katharine, the daughter of . . . Hopkins, a wealthy farmer in Bessford (who was married to John Gough at Shawbury, 9 Feb., 1627-8,and buried there 5 Oct., 1660), he had three children : — (i) Richard, of Bessford, "an honest, just man, and well-beeloved." He was bapt. at Shawbury, 1 Aug., 1630, and buried there 28 Aug., 1666. He died unm., leaving (by his will proved at Lichfield 1667) his lands to his two sisters and their husbands, who sold them to Roger Griffiths, Alderman of Shrewsbury. (ii) Mary, bapt. at Shawbury, 23 June, 1635 ; living 1706. She married Thomas Browne, son of John Browne of Little Ness, attorney - at-la\v, and succeeded with her husband to Sweeney at the death of Thomas Baker in 1675 (v. supra). From them the property has descended to Stanley Leigh ton, Esq., now of Sweeney Hall, (The descent is given at the end of this paper). 268 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE (iii) Elizabeth, bapt. at Shawbury, 27 April, 1643. She died soon after her marriage to Richard Glover of Maesbury, leaving two children : John (sometime a trooper in the King's Guards,1 married " a sister of Mr. Lloyd's, a Montgomeryshire gentleman"), and Katharine. Her husband married secondly Dorothy, relict of Andrew Bradocke of Cayhowell, and sister of Richard Gough thehistorian (v. infra, p. 273). 2. Roger, second son of Richard and Guen Gough, d.s.p., and Gough had " nothing memorable to say of him." lie lived at Newton-on-the-hill, and was bur. at Myddle, 19 Oct., 1637. His will, dated 17 Aug., 1637, and witnessed by Joshua Richardson and Thomas Richardson, was proved at Lichfield, ] March, 1637-8. He desires to be buried in the Parish Church of Myddle. After mentioning several of the poor of Myddle indi- vidually, and the poor of Clive and Grinshill generally, he leaves legacies to Michael Baugh, his brother-in-law, to Michael Bauo-h,2son of Michael Baugh aforesaid, and to Joan, Mary, Alice, and Elizabeth Baugh. daughters (under age) of the said Michael Baugh, on condition that they marry3 with the consent of their father and mother; Richard Gough, his brother, and Joan, daughter of the said Richard Gough ; Richard Gough4 of Burlton, 1 "With his uncle, one Mr. Godolphili" (Gough's Myddle, p. 102). We cannot explain tluo connection. 2 This must be the son called Thomas by It. G., who married three wives, and was father of Michael Baugh, living 1701, and of Mary, the wife of Samuel Brainc of Myddle. 3 "Some marrycd happyly and some unfortunately, " says R. G. (Myddle, p. 100). From a comparison of this will and that of William Gough in 1GG7, it would seem highly probable that Elizabeth m. Richard Browne of Bessford, and that one of the other daughters m. Thomas Hall, William Gough's "cousin" (v. infra, abstract of W. G.'s will 1GG7). At Moreton Corbet, Michael, son of Richard Browne of Bcshford (sic) and Elizabeth his wife, was bapt. 2G Eeb. 1GG0-1. 4 Richard Gough of Burlton was "uncle" (? great-uncle, as often) to the historian (Myddle, p. 142). Probably, therefore, Ann his wife wis sister to Thomas Baker, Roger Gough's half-brother, and if so, AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 269 and Ann his wife ; Thomas Pace of Myddle ; George Watson of Hodnet ; John Humphries of Weston ; Elizabeth Baugh, " my sister Ann's daughter," and Robert Baugh, husband of the said Elizabeth; Katharine "my aunt within the parish of Ellesmere ;" Mary Great, " my brother Thomas Baker's sister ;" Richard Gough of Newton, and Richard1 " my godson," sen of the said Bichard Gough; Thomas Bromhall of Shrewsbury, gent ; Joshua Bichardson2 of Broughton ; and Adam Crosse3 of Yorton. The executors were his brothers John and William. 3. Elizabeth, bapt. at Myddle, 5 Sept., 1585; married Michael Baugh " of Clive, alias Cliffe, a person of an antient famyly there, and of a good estate," which, however, was " allwaies in a decaying condition." He was alive in 1G67, being a legatee under William Gough's will in that year. His descendants were living in 1701. His children are given above inBoger Gough's will. 4. William, bapt. at Myddle, 17 Dec, 1587, and bur. there 8 March, 1587-8, 5. William, of Sweeney, " the wealthyest man of our family," born 26 Dec, 1588, and bapt. at Myddle, 23 Feb , 1588-0; d.s.p. 1668, having married, 1656, Dorothy Griffiths, " a jolly widow in ( )swaldstre." The following is an abstract of his will4 : — " William Gough of Sweeney in the county of Salop gent, 1667 To my cousin Thomas Baker Esqr several closes of land at Sweeney. identical with " my sister " Ann further on in the will. They would thus appear to have had a daughter Elizabeth m. to Robert Baugh. William Gough, in 1CG7, mentions "the three daughters of my cousin Robert Baugh." His will contains several other instances of cousin used for nephew or niece. 1 The historian, b. 1634. 2 He died 1055 ; father of Rev. Joshua Richardson, Rector of Myddle 1017-1GG2. 3 Adam Cross of Yorton m. Mary, daughter of Joshua Richardson of Broughton (Cough's Myddle, p. 78). 4 Penes Stanley Leighton, Esq., M.P., F.S.A. Qu. proved at S. Asaph. Vol. V., 2nd S, IT 270 THE GOUGES OF MYDDLE " To Rowland Nevett1 clerk ... ... . . . 20£ "To my brother-in-law Michael Baugh ... ... 5£ "To my cousin Thomas Hall's wife2... ... ... 10£ "To her sister my cousin Browne of Besford2 ... 5£ " To the three daughters of my cousin Robert Baugh2 each 20/- "To my cousin Mary Browne of Little Ness ... ... 50£ "To her children by her now husband ... ... 50£ "To my cousin Elizabeth Glover ... .. ... 5£ "To my cousin Richard Gough of Newton3 ... ... 5£ "To his son ... ... ... ... ... 5£ "To Dorothy Edwards4 my Goddaughter being one of") the children of my cousin John Edwards of Great > 50£ Nesse ... ... ... ... ...) " To my cousin Dorothy Edwards4 her mother and wife of my cousin John Edwards... ... ... 20£ "To my dear wife Dorothy Gough the tenement where I now dwell in the township of Sweeney. "After her death to Elizabeth Griffiths6 widow and Robert Carver and John Griffiths of Oswestry in trust for the eldest son of William Griffiths ; rem' to sons of Edw. Griffiths ; rem' to said Elizabeth Griffiths. " To my said wife Dorothy Gough lands in Treveloch for life ; rem' to Dorothy Evans5 wife of my son-in-law Roger Evans Esqre subject to annuities of 5£ to the Churchwardens of Parish of Middle for setting out apprentices nominated by 1 Rowland, son of William Nevett (or Knyvett), was born at Hodnet circ. 1614. He matriculated at S. Edmund Hall, Oxon, 9 March, 1G31-2, aged 17, B.A. 1G33, M.A. 1G36 ; Vicar of Stanton 163G, and of Oswestry from 1G50 till he was ejected in 1G62, when he formed a Congregational Church at Sweeney. He died 8 Dec, 1G75. 2 Gf. Roger Cough's will supra and notes. 3 The Historian. 4 John Edwards of Great Ness m. Dorothy, dau. of Thomas Barnes of the Lowe. Their dau. Dorothy m. David Derwas in 1G86. We do not know how John Edwards or his wife was related to William Gough ; perhaps one of his wife's relations (v. Cough's Myddle, p. 103). 6 Dorothy Cough, by her former husband, John Griffiths, a vintner, had two daughters : Elizabeth, m. Capt. Griffiths, an apothecary in Chester; and Dorothy, m. Roger Evans, a Colonel in the Parliamentary Army, and Sherill' of Shropshire in 1G77. He was bapt. at Oswestry, 26 July, 1 021, and bur. therein 1G79, the younger son (but eventual heir) of Edw. Evans of Treflaeh (who entered his pedigree at Vis. 1623), by Jane, dau. of Roger Kynaston of Hordley. There is an aceount of the murder (in 1701) of Richard Evans, son of Richard and Dorothy, in Cough's Myddle (pp. 188-190). AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. my cousin Richard Gough of Newton1 and his heirs : annuity of 5£ lor same purpose to Oswestry Parish, and 6/- for a sermon in the English tongue on Sfc Stephen's day2 in Oswestry Church." J Mrs. Dorothy Gough was living in 1673. She, and Thomas Baker of " Swjney," and Mr. Richard Glover of Maesbury, are mentioned in a " Booke conteyning the names of countrey gentle persons of note and qualitie with the sums of money ment'ed yt each of them payd towards renewing of our Charter Anno Dom'i 1673; these being Burgesses of the towne of Oswestry in comitatu Salop." We now return to Eichard, the son of Richard Gough by his first wife Joan Crump. He was "borne and brought up att Acton Eeynold " by William Crump, and appears to have resided there the greater part, if not the whole, of his life; for he was " BailifTe almost twenty yeares to Sir Andrew3 Corbett," and both in his wife's burial entry in 1637, and in his own in 1646, is styled of Acton Reynold. He was executor to Thomas Gough of Weston Lullingfield, in 1630 (v. supra), and there also is called of Acton Eeynolds (sic). Eichard Gough, "a proper tall man," married Katharine,4 the daughter of Trustan Turner, farmer near Adeney, par. Edgmond, "a very litle woman." She was buried at Shawbury, 30 Oct., 1637, and her 1 Cf. Gough's Myddle (pp. 103 and 171). Mrs. Bickorton has the book containing the names of the apprentices nominated under this charity from that time up to the present. 2 His birthday. 3 Born 1580, died 1637., He did not succeed till 1622, so Richard Gough cannot have been his bailiff for more than fifteen years. 4 Her brother Trustan Turner was father of Mary Turner, who in. Matthew Lath, and had an only daughter Joan (not " Jane "). She, being an only child, had many suitors, but "among the rest," as Gough idiomatically expresses it, she m. Thomas Hall cf Baldcrton, and had a numerous family. She died in 1693. Thomas Hall had a sister Mary married to Edward Jenks of Cockshutt, brother of Dorothy the wife of Richard Gough. (Gough's Myddle, p. 143). i 272 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE husband 12 June, 1646, in his 71st year. They had issue two sons and three daughters : — 1. Richard, of Newton-on-the-hill, " the fift." 2. William, of Edgbolton, par. Shawbury. 3. Elizabeth, who married at Shawbury, 23 July, 1632, William Wakeley, *£a rich old widower1 in Acton Reynold. h A pedigree of their descendants, who be- j came extinct in 1753, is given at the end of the paper. 1 4. Joan, who " marryed unhappy ly, and soone after dyed." We have not discovered the name of her husband. She was yet unmarried in 1637, being called Joan Gough in Roger's will. At Shawbury, in 1639, "Joane Gough, the daughter of Richard Gough of Acton Reynold, was buried the 6th day of May." Qu., then, if she were never married at all. 5. Judith, who died unmarried. She was "a comely woman," but " was taken with a palsy as shee was making of hay in Haremeare. She was lame many years, and then dyed," being buried at Shawbury, 7 Aug., 1642. Richard Gough, the elder son of Richard and Katharine, was a man " of a midle stature, very active of body, and of a nimble strength," Beyond this Gough tells us little of his father. Fie died at Cay- howell in 1661, and was buried in the church at Kinnerley. By Dorothy his wife, daughter of Richard Jenks of Cockshutt and Crosemere, by Elizabeth, the daughter of John Groome of Sleap Hall, he had two children : — 1. Richard, of Newton-on-the-hill, bapt. at Myddle, 18 Jan., 1634-5. 2. Dorothy, bapt. at Myddle, 1 Oct., 1637; married twice, and living in 1701. By her first husband, Andrew Bradocke2of Oayhowell, who died about April, 1 Margery, wife of Win. Wakeley of Acton Reynold, v as buried at Shawbury, 18 Sept., L630. f Andrew Bmdocke was the son of Thomas B. of Oayhowell by Elizabeth, dan. of Uowland Hill of Muwkatone and his wife Mary, AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 1662, she was mother of a son and a daughter, who both d.s.p. By her second, Eichard Glover of Maesbury,1 she had issue : Eichard Glover, attorney, unm. in 1701 ; and Dorothy, married to John Vaughan of Llwy nygroes, by whom she had several children. Eichard Gough, the only son of Eichard and Dorothy, is well known as the author of " Antiquity es and Memoyres of the Parish of Myddle," the original MS. of which is in the possession of his descendants the Bickertons. It was not printed till 1834, when, under the title of " Human Nature displayed in the History of Myddle, by Eichard Gough," a few copies were issued from his private press by Sir Thomas Phillipps. It was again printed in 1875 (collated with the original MS.), by Messrs. Adnitt and Naunton, Shrewsbury. The quaint simplicity of the author's style, the amusing pedantry of his classical quotations, and a delightful absence of self-consciousness, make the work perhaps the most fascinating of its kind ever written. To the genealogist it is a mine of information (to be cautiously used) for all families connected with Myddle; and the curious stories and piquant biographical details which it contains quite interest a general reader. Gough is not above recording scandals : in Pact, he seems to hare anticipated the modern biographer by the care with which ho chronicles discreditable passages in the lives of his neighbours. The irritated descendant is bidden to " avoid such evil courses, that hee leave not a blemish on his name when he is dead." The book abounds with instances of the author's vigorous humour. A few facts in the life of Eichard Gough can be gleaned from the pages of his History. He was educated dau. of Thomas Dycher of Mucklcton. His sister Frances m. at Wrexham, 18 Nov., 1GG3, Rev. John Bowry (eldest son of Andrew Bowry), minister of Holt, and had two daughters married. (Gough's Myddle, p.' 17). 1 Who had married first Elizabeth, dau. of John Gough of Bessford (v. supia, p. 2GS). 274 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE first under Richard Roderick1 at Myddle, and afterwards under Rev William Sugar, minister of Broughton. Whilst at school at Myddle he witnessed a slight skirmish between the Royalists and the Parliamen- tarians. Perhaps it may be worth mentioning that his sympathies were with the King. He was servant for many years to Robert Corbet of Stanwardine, to whom he gratefully attributes his best education. He mentions a visit which he paid as a young man to London. He was steward of the Manor and Fair of Albright Hussey for twenty-two years. A bell in Myddle Church is thus inscribed : — C^ETEROS VOCO IPSE NON INTRO RICH. GOUGH. WILL. FORMESTON. C. W. 1663. His wife was Joan, daughter of William Wood of Peplow, by Joyce, daughter of John and Anne Baddeley2 of Ellerton Grange, co. Stafford. By her, who was buried in the chancel of Myddle Church, 13 Nov., 1694, Richard Gough had a numerous family : — L Richard, born 1663, d.s. p., bur. in Myddle chancel 8 Oct., 1689. 2. Joyce, sole executrix of her father's will 1723. Died unmarried, and buried at Myddle, 13 April, 1726. Her will, dated 1 July, 1723, was proved at Lichfield, 22 April, 1726. 1 Son of Roderick Roderick of Oswestry. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxon, 26 June, 1G40, aged 19. He was more than 23 years master of Wem School, where he died, and was bur. 15 April, 1674. 2 Anne Baddeley was sister of Robert Arnway, and of Dr. John Arnway, who was born at Shrewsbury 1601, matr. at S. Edmund Hall, Oxon, 4 Dec, 1618, E.A. 1622, M.A. 1624, D.D. 1642, Preb. Lichfield 1633, Rector of Hodnct and Ightfield 1635, Archdeacon of Coventry 1642. For his sympathy with the King- his estate was sequestrated, and he retired to the Hague, and then to Virginia, where he died 1653. Besides Joyce, John and Anne Baddeley had these children bapt. at Adbaston : Anne, 4 June, 1610; Steven, 6 May, 1612; Richard, 20 Jan., 1619 (an "able chirurgcon " of Shrewsbury, bur. at S. Alknmnd's 1688); June, 3 July, 1623; Henry, 6 Oct., 1625; Robert, 27 Nov., 1628. (v. Cough's Myddle, pp. 129 and 153). AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 275 3. Baddeley, bapt. 23 Feb., and bur. 25 Dec. 1669, at Myddle. 4. Baddeley, bapt. at Myddle, 30 June, 1671. He was apprenticed to Mr. Johnson, a dyer in Shrewsbury, but died of small-pox, and was buried at S. Alkmund's, Shrewsbury, 27 Sept., 1691. 5. William, bapt. 8 May, 1673, and bur. 13 Feb. seq., at Myddle. 6. Anne, bapt. at Myddle, 12 Jan., 1674-5, and married there by license 23 Dec, 1697, to John Palin of Baschurch, husbandman, who was living in 1738. Their descendants are given further on. 7. William, of Shrewsbury, grocer and mercer, bapt. at Myddle, 28 March, 1676. " 1690, William Gough, son of Richard Gough of Newton-on-the-Hill, co. Salop, gent., apprenticed to John Jennings, grocer."1 He probably died shortly after 1701, and certainly before 1722, as he is not mentioned in his father's will. He married at Ellesmere by license 26 May, 1697, Elizabeth,2 younger daughter of Bichard Hatchett of Lee, by Elizabeth, dau. of John Lyth of Lee, and by her, who died at Shrewsbury, and was buried at Myddle, 29 July, 1756, had one son : Richard, born before 1701, of Whitchurch, stationer, with whom the male line of the Historian of Myddle became extinct. Bichard Gough of Whitchurch voted at the election of 1722 for a freehold at Newton-on-the-hill. He was buried at Whitchurch, 8 Nov., 1737, having died intestate, and administration was granted 28 April, 1738, to Bichard Palin of Baschurch, husbandman, his cousin-german and next of kin. (v. p. 288). 1 Mercers' Guild, Transactions Vol.. VIII. 2 Her brother Richard Hatchett (b. 1GGG, d. 1713), m. at Myddle, 31 May, 1GS(J, Mary Richards "daughter-in-law of one Francis Morrice of Techell" (Cough's Myddle, p. 130), fifth in descent from whom is the Rev. Thos. Mainwaring Bulkcley Bulkeley-Owcn of Tedsmore, i 276 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE 8. Dorothy, bapfc. at Myddle, 10 Oct., 1678, and buried there 24 July, 1706, unmarried. Richard Gough the historian died 9 Feb., 1722-3, and his burial is recorded in the Myddle Register : — " Richard Gough gent, bur'd Feb. 12." His will, dated 2 Jan., 1721-2, in which he calls himself "Yeoman," was proved at Lichfield, 27 April, 1723, by Joyce Gough, daughter and sole executrix. Besides his daughter Joyce, he mentions his grandsons Richard Gough and Richard Palin, and his cousin Isaac Martin, junior. It was witnessed by Margaret Palin, Isaac Martin., senr., and Isaac Martin, junr. Amount of Inventory £29 17s. Od. William, the younger son of Richard and Katharine Gough, and uncle of the historian, lived at Edgbolton, par. Shawbury ; he died at Acton Reynold, and was buried at Shawbury, 5 Jan., 1680. His wife Elizabeth, daughter of Reynold Dycher1 of Edgbolton, also died at Acton Reynold, and was buried at Shawbury, 15 July, 1697. Administration of her effects was granted in the following year. They had seven children : — 1. Katharine, bapt. at Shawbury, 2 Feb., 1639-40 ; ' married William Blakemore of High Hatton. 2. William, of Edgbolton, yeoman ; bapt. at Shaw- bury, 17 April, 1642, and buried there 27 Jan., 1683-4. He married at Shawbury, 20 Oct., 1669, Anne, third daughter of Richard Groome of Mar ton, by a daughter of . . . Clowes, tenant of Sleap Hall, and by her (who 1 There is a pedigree of Dycher of Shawbury and Muckleton in the Vis. of 1623 (printed by Harl. Soc.) We have not discovered Reynold Dycher's connection with them. In a MS. copy of the History of Myddle in the Bodleian Library Rev. J. B. Blake way adds the following note in pencil : — " Reynold Dychar of Edgbolton md Catharine, d. of John Butterey, clerc, vicar of Ercall Magna, 23 Nov., 1578: and I find a Reginald Dychar of Edgbolton living with his wife Elizabeth Dychar the younger in 1586." At High Ercall Andrew Dicker "borne in the viceredge of arcall" was bapt. 18 Oct., 1587. The Moreton Corbet Register contains a few entries relating to tho Dycher family, among them the burial of Reginald Dieher of Edgbolton, 13 May, 1620. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 277 survived him many years, and was buried at Shawbury, 4 Oct., 172G), had issue :— (i) Richard, of Edgbolton, yeoman ; bapt. at Shaw- bury, 7 Sept., 1G70, and buried there 28 May, 1705 ; died intestate, and administration was granted to his mother. (ii) Samuel, of Edgbolton, yeoman ; bapt. at Shaw- bury, 20 May, 1672 ; heir to his brother Richard's tenement in Edgbolton, 1705; buried at Shawbury, 29 Sept., 1750. (iii) Margaret, bapt. at Shawbury, 26 July, 1678 ; married shortly after 1701 Walter Richmond of Rushton, co, Salop, blacksmith. They were both dead in 1726, leaving an only son, William Richmond of Edgbolton, yeoman. 3. Richard, of whom hereafter. 4. Abraham, of Shawbury ; bapt. at Shawbury, 8 June, 1646, and buried there 5 May, 1720; married there 10 April, 1684, Joan Maddox of Astley, and by her (who was buried at Shawbury, 1 Nov., 1696), had issue : — (i) Elizabeth, bapt. at Shawbury, 25 July, 1685. (ii) Ann, bapt. at do. 9 June, 1687 ; perhaps bur. there 7 July, 1725. (iii) Francis, bapt. at do. 8 July, 1689 ; perhaps married Mary Gregory (v. infra, p. 283). 5. Robert, bapt. at Shawbury, 6 July, 1651 ; died at Acton Reynold, buried at Shawbury, 30 May, 1676. 6. John, bapt. at Shawbury, 12 Oct., 1654; perhaps buried there 7 March, 1718-19. 7. Francis, bapt. at Shawbury, 6 Oct., 1659. The second son of William and Elizabeth Gough, Richard Gough of Acton Reynold, tanner ; bapt. at Shawbury, 9 Nov., 1645, and buried there 20 Feb., 1702-3; married at Child's Ercall, 11 May, 167l' Martha, daughter of (? John1 and Martha) Moss of 1 Her baptism is not to bo found at Child's Ercall, the Register being in a very imperfect condition. Hut children of John and Martha Moss are to be found about that time, Vol. V., 2nd S, J«T 278 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE Child's Ercall. He was " many yeares Bayliffe to my Lady Corbett, of Acton, and to Captaine Corbett, of Moreton Corbett." He died intestate, and administra- tion was granted to Martha his relict 27 April, 1703. Amount of Inventory .£129 Is. 8d. By Martha, his wife (who1 was buried at Shawbury, 11 Feb., 1732-3), he had seven children : — L Richard, born 1677, of whom hereafter. 2. Martha, bapt, at Shawbury, 12 Oct., 1680. 3. Mary, bapt. at do. Sept., 1683. 4. William, bapt. at do. 15 Oct., 1686. 5. John, bapt. at do. 20 April, 1690. 6. Sarah, bapt. at do. 27 Sept., 1692, bur. there 20 March seq . 7. Francis bapt. at do. 20 Sept., 1695 ; mentioned in his brother Richard's will, 1731. Perhaps married Eliz. Butrey, and died 1760, leaving issue (v. infra, p. 283). The eldest son of Richard and Martha Gough, Richard Gough of Acton Reynold and Wem, tanner ; born 1677, and buried at Shawbury, 7 March, 1730-1 ; married by license at Upton Magna, 1707, Hannah, daughter of Richard and Mary Vaughan,2 who was bapt. at Upton Magna, 22 Nov., 1687. They had issue: — 1. Mary, born 4 Jan., and bapt. at Shawbury, 20 Jan., 1708-9; married (before 1731) John Allinson. 2. Richard, born 29 April, and bapt. at Shawbury, 22 May, 1711 ; of whom hereafter. 1 Perhaps her daughtor. The entry is simply: " Martha Gough. Buried." 2 In Nov., 1701, Richard Vaughan of Doivnton signed terrier of lands belonging to Upton Parsonage. {Blakeway MS., Bodleian). We have the Bible in which Richard and Hannah Cough entered the births of their children. It contains many stray signatures, among them "Mrs. Joyce Gough." It contains also the following entry : — "Robertus Baddcley hlius Roberti Baddeley ct Janae uxor: ejus Natus fuit Martis 2G° Martij ct Baptizatus Jovis 4° Aprilis sequent. 1G50." This is, probably, one of the Baddclcys of Moreton Corbet, And their descendants. 279 3. William, of Wem, born and bapt. 25 March, 1713, at Shawbury; married there 1 March, 1735-6, Mary Twiss. Elizabeth, a daughter of theirs, was bapt. at Shawbury, 26 June, 1744. 4. Charles, of Acton Reynold, born 30 Jan., and bapt. at Shawbury, 18 Feb., 1714-15. By his wife Mary he had five children bapt. at Shawbury ; — (i) Samuel, labourer, bapt. 5 Oct., 1747 ; married 28 Dec, 1775, Mary Jones of Shawbury. (ii) Elizabeth, bapt. 5 Feb., 1754. (iii) Mary, bapt. 10 April, 1756 ; perhaps married 11 Oct., 1784, John Griffiths of Wem. (iv) Philip, bapt. 30 July, 1758. (v) Anne, bapt. 27 Jan., 1761. 5. Hannah, born 16 March, and bapt. at Shawbury, 27 March, 1718; buried there 29 Dec, 1721. 6. Francis, of Acton Reynold, born 7 Oct., 1727 ; buried at Shawbury, 2 March, 1797. In his will, dated 26 Feb., 1730-1, Richard Gough mentions: — Hannah, his wife; John Allinson, son-in- law, and Mary Allinson, daughter ; his sons, Richard, William, Charles, and Francis ; Thomas Dorset1 of Witheford Magna, gent., Richard Colley1 of Booley, gent., and Francis Gough, his brother, executors. Thomas Dorsett and Richard Colley renounced 4 Nov., 1731, and administration (with will) was granted on that day to Hannah Gough, the relict, and Richard Gough, the son. Richard Gough of Acton Reynold, eldest son of Richard and Hannah, born 29 April, 1711, and buried at Shawbury, 7 May, 1784 ; married at Battlefield by license 3 June, 1733, Anne Barnes of Shawbury, and by her (who was buried at Shawbury, 3 Oct., 1772), had issue : — 1. Richard, bapt. at Shawbury, 2 April, 1734, and buried there 7 April, 1739. 1 Thom.oa Dorsctt and Richard Colley may havo married sisters of tho testator. 280 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE 2. Anne, bapt. at do. 2 Oct., 1735 ; buried there 25 Dec, 1771, 3. John, bapt. at do. 23 Nov., 1739. 4. Elizabeth, bapt. at do. 13 July, 1742. 5 Richard, bapt. at do. 30 Dec, 1743, of Hollings Green, near Audlem, farmer. His burial entry (at Shawbury) is curious :— " 22 Sept., J 808. Richard Gough from Hollen green near Audlem in Cheshire son of thelate Richd Gough & bror of the late Chas G. of Acton Rd, 65. He went out with the cows in the morning & died before eleven." His wife, named Mary, was buried at Shawbury, 18 May, 1816, aged 68.1 6. Charles, of whom hereafter. 7. Rebecca, born 6 Dec, 1747, bapt. at Shawbury, 27 Jan., scq. 8. Edward, bapt- 3 and bur. 15 May, 1750, at Shawbury. Charles Gough of Acton Reynold, farmer, son of Richard and Anne, bapt. at Shawbury, 3 Nov., 1745 ; married first by license at Prees, 5 Oct., 1779, Mary, daughter of Joseph and Sarah Dicken of Prees, and by her (who was bapt. at Prees, 5 Jan., 1757, and buried at Shawbury, 5 Oct., 1786), had issue : — 1. William, born 1780, of whom hereafter. 2. Anne, bapt. at Shawbury. 2 April, 1782, and bur. there 12 Feb., 1788. 3. John, of Dray ton-in -Hales, bapt. at Shawbury, 4 June, 1783; died (unmarried) in the Infirmary at Shrewsbury, and was buried at Shawbury, 26 Aug., 1827. Charles Gough married secondly by license at Shaw- bury, 27 Nov., 1788, Anne Binnell, spinster (who died at Edgbolton, 1822, aged 77, and was buried at Shaw- 1 The following baptism entries arc at Myddle : — 1 Jan 178° /^'cnartl sou °f Kicnar(i lincl Mary Gough. *J'\ Itebeeca dau. ,, 3 Aug. 1785. Mary dau. „ „ 5 Oct. 1787. John son „ ,, Probably these are children of Richard of Hollings Green, who had a sister called Rebecca, an unusual name. Atib THEIR DESCENDANTS. 281 bury, 31 Oct.), but bad no further issue. His burial entry (at Shawbury, 17 Sept., 1801), states that be died " after 2 days' illness." His elder son, William Gough, bapt. at Shawbury, 14 Feb., 1781, lived successively at Acton Reynold, at Stanton-upon- Hine-Heath, and at Drayton, where he died 26 Sept., 1816, aged 36, and was buried at Shawbury, 30 Sept. He married at Wybunbury, 30 Sept., 1802, Mary, eldest daughter of Robert1 and Elizabeth Harrison of Wybunbury, and by her (who was bapt. at Wybunbury, 24 Sept., 1775, and died at Nantwich, 2 Sept., 1848, buried at Shawbury, 8 Sept.), had issue : — 1. Robert, of whom hereafter. 2. Charles, b. at Acton Reynold, 22 July, 1805; lived at Altrincham, Cheshire, and at Salford. By Elizabeth Dale, his wife (who was buried at Shawbury, 24 Nov., 1846, aged 41), he had issue : — (i) Elizabeth, married to . . . . Beesley, and has issue. Now in Australia. (ii) Harry Gough, married .... Fair, and had a son, Charles Fair Gough. (iii) Charles, died inf. (iv) Anna. (v) Emma, now in Dresden ; married Carl Witzsl, and has several children. 3. Elizabeth, b. at Acton Reynold, 21 Aug., 1807 ; d. unm. at Weston, near Wybunbury, 5 Oct., 1878; bur. at Wybunbury, 9 Oct. 4. Mary, b. at Acton Reynold, 21 July, 1809 ; d. at Drayton, bur. at Shawbury, 29 JuJy, 1817. 5. William, of Woodside, Birkenhead ; b. 12 Aug., 1811, married Mary Spender, d.s.p. G. Ann, b. at Stanton, 17 June, 1813, d. 7 July, 1813, bur. at Shawbury, 9 July. 1 Robert Harrison (son of Robert and Mary H. of Edgbolton), was bapt. Jit Shawbury, 20 April, 1751. He built Oakfield, Stapolcy, near Nautwieh, and died there 22 Nov., 1831, in his 81st year. I 282 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE 7. Ann, b- 21 Dec, 1814; d. at Drayton, 22 Dec, 1823, bur. at Shawbury, 25 Dec. The eldest son, Robert Gough of Howbeck Lodge, near Nantwich, b. at Acton Reynold, 12 Sept., 1803, d. at Salford, 5 Jan., 1858, having m. at Wybunbury, 1 July, 1839, his cousin Delphine, dau. of Robert1 and Elizabeth Harrison of Stapeley, and by her (who was b. at Stapeley, 18 Dec, 1817, and d. at Chilton Moor, 14 Jan., 1889), had issue : — 1. Rev. Robert Louis Henri Gough, M.A., Oxon, now Vicar of Chilton Moor, co. Durham; b. at Paris, 7 June, 1840 ; in. by license at Manchester, 11 Feb., 1862, Mary Anne, dau. of William Valentine of Salford, by Mary, dau. of Elijah Clough and Elizabeth Daven- port his wife, and by her (who was b. 25 June, 1838, and d. at Chilton Moor Vicarage, 2 April, 1885), had issue : — (i) Frederic Harrison, M. A . , Oxon, b. at Manchester, 26 May, 1863. (ii) Reginald Melville, b. at Oldham, 4 May, 1866. (iii) Robert Louis, b. at Houghton-le-Spring, 30 Aug., 1867. (iv) William Henry, B.A., Oxon, b. at do. 9 Oct., 1869. (v) Arthur Valentine, b. at do. 14 Feb., 1872. 2. Clemence Elizabeth Delphine, b. and d. 1845, at Nantes, France. 3. Rev. Melville Gough, B.A., Durham, b. at Stapeley, 10 June, 1848, m. 18 Jan., 1876, Hannah Hurst, d.s.p. in London, 4 Nov., 1882. 4. Delphine Frances, b. and d. 1851, at Nantwich. 5. Gertrude, b. and d. 1852, at Salford. 1 Robert Harrison (b. 1787, d. 1827), was the youngest son of Robert Harrison of Wybunbury. His sister Mary married William (Hough, l"ather of Robert of liowbeck. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 283 The Shawbury Begisters contain some entries which are difficult to arrange. There are two entries of a marriage of Francis Gough, of which name there were two of a marriageable age at the time, Francis, son of Abraham, b. 1G89, and Francis, son of Eichard and Martha, b. 1695. " 1722, February, Day 18, Francis Gough and Mary Gregory married." " 1727, November 7, Francis Gough and Eliz. Butrey were married." A " Francis Gough of Shawbury" was buried 1 Jan., 17G0. The burial of a " William, son of Francis Gough, " occurs on 26 Jan., 1740, who is probably the son of Francis and Mary ; and Mary Gough buried 5 Nov., 172G, may be the mother. The marriage of Francis Gough and Elizabeth Butrey gives us two generations. They had issue (with two daughters: Mary, bapt. 1 Feb., 1731-2, bur. 5 Feb., 1734-5 ; and Elizabeth, bapt. 17 May, 1736), a son, William Gough, of Shawbury, bapt. 2G Sept., 1728, d. 29 March, 1781, having had issue by Anne his wife (who d. 5 May, 1796, aged 63), nine children: — 1. Anne, bapt. 14 Oct., 1755. 2. Margaret, d. unm. 6 Nov., 1802, aged 45. 3. William, bapt. 7 Dec, 1760. 4. Mary, bapt. 27 March, 1763. 5. Bobert, bapt. 17 Aug., 1765. 6. John, bapt. 1 Jan., 1769. 7. Bichard, bapt. 7 April, 1771. 8. Eleanor, bapt. 3 Oct., 1773. 9. Elizabeth, bapt. 18 May, 1777. We have also three generations commencing with Bobert Gough, b. circ. 1730 (possibly a son of Francis and Elizabeth supra). He was a farmer of Bessford, then of Shawbury, and later of Wem, where he died 1816, aged 85, and was buried at Shawbury, 27 May. He married by license 27 Sept., 1757, Eleanor Sherratt of Audlem, and by her (who was buried at Shawbury ? 14 Feb., 1807, aged 77), had issue 284 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE 1. Oliver, of Bessford, bapt. 14 July, 1758, d. 24 Sept., 1798. 2. John of Bessford and Wem, bapt. 26 Oct., 1769, living 1817; m. by license 19 Aug., 1797, Sarah Pitchford of par. Shawbury, and by her (who died at Wem, and was bur. at Shawbury, 9 Sept., 1817, aged 54), had issue : — 1. John, d. at Wem, 5 March, 1799, aged 7 months. 2. Oliver, b. at Wem, 23 Sept., 1802, bapt. at Shawbury, 16 Oct. On 6 May, 1822, Thomas Russell, bachelor, and Anne Gough, spinster, both of par. Shawbury, were married by license. Possibly Anne was a daughter of above John and Sarah. We conclude this paper with a few descents through females, which have been omitted to avoid confusion. Thomas Browne, who married Mary, daughter of John Gough of Bessford (p. 267), was the son of John Browne of Little Ness, attorney -at-law, M.P. for Mont- gomeryshire (not for Shropshire, as Gough states), in the Cromwellian Parliament of 1653. In 1667 he was a legatee under William Gough's will, and he succeeded to Sweeney, which was settled on him and his wife by Thos. Baker. He was living in 1701, having in 1684 conveyed Sweeney to his son, Thomas Browne (the 2nd), who in 1685 was pricked for Sheriff of Shropshire, but succeeded in excusing himself on the ground that one- third of the profits of the estate went to his father, and that the remainder was insufficient to support the expenses of the Shriev- alty. His will is dated 1703. He married Christiana Browne of Essex, and by her (who was buried at Oswestry, 1716, aged 56), had issue : — 1. Thomas, of Sweeney (the 3rd), b. 1682. 2. Nathaniel, d.s.p. 3. Christiana, m. 1st, . . . Lloyd ; 2nd, . . Crump. 4. Martha, m. , t . Ingram, AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 285 5. Hannah, m. . . Thomas. 6. Miriam, d.s.p. 7. Dorothy. Thomas Browne (the 3rd) d. 1729, aged 47, having m. aire. 1703, Sarah, dau. of Edward Lloyd of Leaton Manor, by Elizabeth, dau. of Isaac Cleaton of the Hollins, par. Myddle. She was bapt at Albrighton, 1684, and bur. at Oswestry, 1740. They had issue : — 1. Thomas, of Sweeney (the 4th), b. 1706, d. 1761. 2. Elizabeth, m. Richard Powell of Oswestry, 3. Edward Browne, of Oswestry, surgeon, afterwards of Sweeney; d.s.p. 22 Feb., 1794, aged 80. His monument is in Oswestry Church. In 1778 he received the medal of the Royal Humane Society for restoring animation to a person nearly drowned. Thomas Browne (the 4th; m. in 1730 Hannah, dau, of Edward Lloyd of Crumpwell, Maesbury, and by her (who d. 1768, aged 57), had issue : — 1. Thomas, of Sweeney (the 5th), attorney-at-law ; b. 1731, is. p. 1768. 2. Hannah, b. 1732, d.s.p. 1780. 3. Edward, of Oswestry; b. 1734, Mayor of Oswestry 1780, but died (s.p.) in the autumn of 1781, a few weeks before his Mayorship expired. In 1775 he purchased the H Nant,'' in the township of Sweeney, formerly the property of William Gough of Sweeney. He lived in Oswestry at a house called Tymaen, which has a stone with his and his wife's initials : eBm. His wife, Margaret Howell of Treflach, d. in 1779. 4. James, d.s.p. 1766. 5. Sarah, b. 1736 ; m. Rev. Owen Owen, rector of Llangyniew ; d.s.p. 1816. 6. Francis, b. 1738; m. Elizabeth Lloyd of Osbaston; d.s.p. 1781. 7. George, d. 1780, leaving issue by Mary, his wife, dau. of John Bill of Killshaw, co. Montgomery, an only child, Sarah Browne, of Sweeney, sole heir to her great- uncle Edward (who d. 1794). Born 1 Oct , 1779, bapt. Vol. V., 2nd S, *K I 286 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE at Whittirigton ; d. 21 May, 1854, bur. at Oswestry ; married 17 Aug., 1796, at S. George's, Hanover Square, to Thomas Netherton Parker, of the Whitehouse, Long- don, co. Worcester, who was b. 1771, and d. 4 Dec, 1848. They had issue 1. Thomas Browne Parker, b. 1797, d. unm. 8 July, I 1833. 2. Rev. John Parker,of Sweeney and the Whitehouse; Hector of Llanmerewig, co. Montgomery, 1827-44, and | Vicar of Llanyblodwel, co. Salop, 1844-60, Rural Dean ; j b. 1798, d.s.p. 13 Aug., 1860. 3. Mary Parker, b, 1799, eventual heir of her brother the Rev. John Parker; d. 5 March, 1864, having married 9 Feb., 1832, Sir Baldwin Leighton, 7th Bart., and had (with other issue) Sir Baldwyn Leighton, present Bart., and Stanley Leighton, Esq., M.P., now of Sweeney Hall ( v. Baronetage ). 4. Sarah Elizabeth Parker; d.s.p. 1884, bur. at Chetwynd. William Wakeley of Acton Reynold, by his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard and Katharine Gough (p. 272), had an only child Margery, bapt. at Shawbury, 19 Dec, 1633, who married Arthur Noneley (son of John Noneley of Noneley), and had issue an only child, Margaret Noneley, who m. Henry Hatchett of the Wood, Burlton, where she died in 1731, and was buried at Loppington, 13 Feb., 1730-1, her husband having been buried there 2 July, 1685, They had issue: — 1. Arthur Hatchett, bapt. at Loppington, 5 April, 1678 ; d. young. 2. Katharine, bapt. at Loppington, 26 Dec, 1679 ; bur. there 5 March, 1686. 3. Margaret, bapt. at do. 7 Feb., 1681-2, eventually sole heir. 4. Margery, bapt. at do. 15 April, 1684, and bur. there 20 Jan. Mfy. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 287 Margaret Hatchett, b. 1682, m. at Loppington, 5 Jan., 1704-5, Thomas Vaughan of Plas Thomas, par. Duddleston, and jure uxoris of the Wood, and was bur. at Loppington, 25 March, 1710. Her husband (the eldest son of Peter Vaughan of Plas Thomas), was born at Hordley in 1684, matriculated at Merton Coll., Oxon, 18 April, 1700, aged 15, and d. 24 March, 1718- 19, in his 35th year, bur. at Loppington, 27 March, 1719. They had issue : — 1. Thomas Vaughan, of Plas Thomas and the Wood, bapt. at Loppington, 5 May, 1706 ; bur. there 7 May, 1737. 2. Hatchett, bapt. at do. 20 May, 1708, and bur. there 19 Aug., 1710. Thomas Vaughan, junior, m. Sarah Hatchett of Lee, and by her (who d. 1764), had issue (with a dau. Margaret, who d. inf., and was bur. at Loppington, 10 July, 1729), a daughter, Sarah Vaughan, heir to her father in 1737 ; d. unm. 1753, leaving Plas Thomas to a great-uncle, Philip Vaughan, and the Wood to her mother and her heirs. (v. Burke's Landed Gentry ). The issue of the marriage of Anne Gough, daughter of the Historian of Myddle, and John Palin (p. 275), was : — 1. Joyce, who m. Joseph Langford, and had a son Joseph. 2. Margaret, b. 1700 ; d. 23 Dec, 1777, bur. at Baschurch, 25 Dec. She m. John Edwards of Little Ness (son of John Edwards of Montford Bridge , who was. bapt. at Montford, 13 Dec, 1701, and bur. at Baschurch, Dec, 1755. Of their descendants hereafter. 3. Joan, m. Thomas Gittins. 4. Anne, m. Henry Broad of Loppington. 5. Elizabeth, m. Samuel Bickerton of Lee Brock- hurst, whose descendants possess the original MS. of 288 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE Gougli's History of Myddle and a portion of his estate. Their son, William Bickerton, of Lee Brockhurst, later of Newton-on-the-hill (bur. at Myddle, 5 June, 1798), m. Anne Gittins. Their eldest son, Richard Bickerton, of Newton-on-the-hill (bur. at Myddle, 17 April, 1828, aged 47), m. Anne Elsmere, dau. of Anthony Barron, and by her (who was bur. at Myddle, 24 Nov., 1832, aged 46) had, with other issue, two sons : — 1. Richard Palin Bickerton, of Regent Terrace, London, in 1837. 2. William Henry Bickerton, of Newton-on-the- hill ; bapt. at Myddle, 10 Oct., 181 1, and bur. there 28 May, 1870; m. Blanche, dau. of George Walmisley of Wem, by whom he had issue : — (i) Richard Bickerton. (ii) Blanche Annie Bickerton. (iii) William Henry Bickerton. (iv) Catherine Barron Bickerton. (v) Elizabeth Bickerton (vi) Mary Blanche Bickerton. 6. Mary, m. at Myddle, 26 Jan., 1729, Samuel Patrick of Wem. 7. Richard Palin, of Baschurch, husbandman, later of Newton-on-the-hill, to which he succeeded in 1738 as next of kin to Richard Gough of Whitchurch. He was buried at Myddle, 26 Jan., 1751, having married there 2 Feb., 1748-9, Elizabeth, dau. of Thomas Atcherley1 of Loppington, by Dorothy Whitney, his wife. By her (who was bapt. at Loppington, 3 June, 1726, and 1 Thomas Atcherley was the eldest son of Richard Atcherley of Marton, hut died vita patris 1743. II is mother was Elizabeth, dau. of Edward Lloyd of Lcaton ; her sister Sarah m. Thomas Browne of Sweeney (p. 285), and another sister, Dorothy, m. llichd. Betton of Great Berwick. AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 289 married secondly Richard Chambre of Eye Bank, near Wera), Richard Palin had an only son, Richard Palin, bapt. at Myddle, 1 Jan., 1749-50; d. 27 Jan., 1761, bur. at Myddle, 30 Jan. John Edwards of Little Ness had issue by Margaret Palin, his wife, a son, John Edwards, of Newtown, par. Baschurch ; b. 1733, d. 17 Dec, 1806; ra. at Whittington, 2 July, 1775, Mary, dau. of Richard Atcherley of Ebnal, par. Whit- tington, and had issue : — 1. John Edwards, of Hampton Hall, par. Worthen, b. 1776, living 1830; of whom hereafter. 2. Richard Edwards, of Roby Hall, Prescot, Lanca- shire; b. 12 Sept., 1777; m. Mary, dau. of Thomas Downward of Liverpool, by whom he had an only daughter and heiress, Amy Charlotte Edwards, who d. 7 May, 1882, having m. at Huyton-cum-Roby, 18 May, 1847, Thomas Moss, eldest son of John Moss of Otterspool, by Hannah, dau. of Thomas Taylor. He was b, 17 July, 1811, assumed surname and arms of Edwards, as well as Moss, by R. L., 26 March, 1851, and on 23 Dec, 1868, was created a Baronet. Sir Thomas Edwards-Moss d. 26 April, 1890, leaving (with other issue) the present Sir John Edwards Edwards-Moss (v. Baronetage). 3. Edward Edwards, of Trimpley, near Ellesmere ; b. 15 Dec, 1781; m. 23 March, 1808, Mary, dau. of Robert Edwards of Frankton, by whom he had issue: a son, Frederick Atcherley Edwards,of Walsall, co. Staffs., who married and had issue; and a daughter, Mary Anne. 4. Thomas Edwards. 5. Rowland Edwards. 6. Robert Edwards, of Baschurch, living 1837. John Edwards of Hampton Hall, b. 1776, m. at Great Ness, 12 June, 1805, Ann, dau. of Thomas Price of Felton Butler, and sister of William Birch Price of 290 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE Mytton Hall, and by her had issue an only daughter, Lsetitia Edwards, b. 1806 ; m. at Worthen, 7 March, 1826, John Donne, son of the Rev. James Donne,1 D.D., Headmaster of Oswestry Grammar School ; died at Powis-place, Queen Square, Holborn, 29 March, 1830, and was bur. at S. George the Martyr 7 April. Her husband, a wine-merchant in London, lived at Powis- place, Queen Square, and afterwards at Instow, North Devon, where he died 3 Oct., 1875, aged 75, having married again twice. By his first wife, Laetitia Edwards, John Donne had issue : — 1. John Edwards Donne, Lieut. Bombay Engineers, who d. unm. at Poonah, India, 15 June, 1851, aged 23. 2. Laetitia, d. 28 Aug., 1855, having m. at the Cathedral, Bombay, 4 Dec, 1851, Col. Edmund Southey, of the Royal Engineers, who d. 6 March, 1883. They had issue (with a son John, d. inf.) two daughters : — 1. Loetitia Louisa, now the wife of Rev. George Owen Pardoe, B.A., Oxon (eldest son of Frederick Pardoe of Bishop's Castle, co. Salop, by his wife Anna Maria Evans), Vicar of Hinton- Admiral, Christchurch, Hants, and has issue : — (i) George Southey Pardoe, b. 14 June, 1877. 1 Rev. James Donne, D.D., b. 1764 ; S. John's Coll., Camb., B.A. 1788, M.A. 1792, D.D. 1825; Headmaster of Oswestry 1796-1833 ; Vicar of Llanyblodwcl 1833 to his death 1844 (succeeded by Rev. John Parker of Sweeney). By his first wife, Caroline Thomson, he had issue : Rev. James Donne, B.D., b. 1795 ; S. John's Coll., Camb., B.A. 1817, M.A. 1820, B.l). 1836 ; Vicar of S. Paul's, Bedford, and of Clapham, near Bedford, 1824 to his death 1861. By his second wife, Alice, eldest dau. of John Croxon of Oswestry (Mayor 1778) by Alice, dau. of Richard and Alice Jones, he had issue : John Donne, above- named, of Powis-place and Instow ; and Rev. Stephen Donne, B.A., S. John's Coll., Cambr., 1825, M.A. 1828, Headmaster of Oswestry, 1833- 1860, Vicar of Llansantflraid Ulyn Cciriog, co. Denbigh, 1838, Rector of Marchwiel, co. Denbigh, 1860, to his death 1867, aged 65, father of Stephen Donne, Esq., of Oswestry. (For an account of Rev. James Donno, v. Transactions, Vol. V., p. 65 seqq.). AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 291 (ii) Francis Snead Pardoe, b. 19 Sept., 1888. (iii) Fanny Olive Lsetitia, b. 19 Sept., 1889. 2. Mary, who m., and is now the widow of, the late Rev. Albert Henry Seacome, M.A., Cambr., Rector of Cusop, near Hay, in Herefordshire. They had issue: — (i) Lastitia Mary, b. 17 Dec, 1876. (ii) Beatrice Emily, b. 28 May, 1878. (iii} Ralph Seacome, b. 28 April, 1887. John Donne of Powis-place m. secondly at S. Mary- lebone Church, 20 Nov., 1832, Sophia, dau. of Rev. Robert Thomson, LL.D., of Long Stowe Hall, Cam- bridgeshire; and thirdly at Instow, 18 April, 1865, Anne, dau. of John Atkins of Ashcott House, Somerset. By his second wife,1 Sophia, he had a son, Rev. Robert James Donne, Fellow of Trin. Coll., Cam. (B.A. 1858, M.A. 1861), and Senior Assistant Master of Wellington College, where he died about Sept., 1864. He m. at Combe Martin, Devon, 1 Aug., 1861, Catharine Ellen, third dau. of Rev. F. W. Thomas, Rector of Parkham, Devon, by whom he had a son, John Robert Donne, now a Captain in the Carabiniers. i This account of the Goughs of Myddle and their descendants will, we think, be found structurally accu- rate, but, of course; it is far from being exhaustive ; and any corrections or additions (including female descents) will be welcomed by the compilers, who are handicapped by non-residence in the county. It only remains for them gratefully to acknowledge the assistance which they have received from the Rev. Canon Egerton, Rector of Myddle, who kindly permitted access to the 1 Of course, only the issuo of his first wife, Loctitia Edwards, are descendants of the Goughs ; but we give the other for completeness' sake. 292 THE GOUGHS OF MYDDLE AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. registers of his parish; from the Rev. Frederick Vernon, Vicar of Shawbury, who was good enough to transcribe copious Gough entries from his registers ; from Stanley Leighton, Esq., Stephen Donne, Esq., and Miss Bicker- ton, who have communicated much valuable genealo- gical information ; and from others, especially clergymen, who have answered questions on isolated points. 293 A LE1TKR OF ROBERT POWELL, SHERIFF OF SHROPSHIRE IN 1594. Edited by W. PHILLIPS, F.L.S. [Blakeway in his excellent work, The Sheriffs of Shropshire, describes Robert Powell, Sheriff in 1594, as of Worthen, and tells us he " was an opulent mercer of Shrewsbury, and Alderman of that Corporation/' He also records an interesting tradition that when Mr. Powell took in his bill " to Edward, Lord Stafford, the peer declared his inability to discharge it : but added, you are welcome, if you like, to take yonder morass in exchange, pointing to Worthen, on which he looked down from the stately height of Caus Castle. Mr. Powell wisely accepted the proposal, drained and improved the land, and laid the foundation of a family which subsisted in opulence and credit for five genera- tions."1 In a copy of Blakeway's work which formerly belonged to Mr. Joseph Morris, also an excellent gene- alogist of Shrewsbury, Mr. Morris has erased the name Robert, and written Richard. The Editor of the Visitation of Shropshire of 1G 23, printed by the Har- leian Society, has adopted the correction, and justified it by references to the Originalia 3 pars, 14th. Eliza- beth, Rot. 106, and Rot. 86 (1571-2); and remarks ' 1 Edward, Lord Stafford, sold the fee simple of Worthen to Richard Powell ; and Originalia, 7 pars., 42 Eliz., Rot. 131 (1599), Richard, son and heir of Richard Powell, gent., had general livery of the manor." From the subjoined letter, found in a mixed bundle of papers in the Shrewsbury Guildhall, it clearly appears 1 Blakcwjiy'b Sheriffs of Shropshire. Vol. V., 2nd S LL 294 A LETTER OF ROBERT POWELL, that Blakeway was correct in the Christian name of the Sheriff of this date, and his critics were in the wrong ; but that he was altogether mistaken in the man : that the Sheriff was Mr. Robert Powell of the Park, in the parish of Whittington, not of Worthen. The seal on the letter bears an Estoile, with a peculiar family knot below it. It is the more remarkable that Mr. Blakeway should have fallen into this error, seeing that Taylors M.S. in the Shrewsbury School Library contains the follow- ing entry under the date 1594 : " This yeare and the xxvjth of August the great e assisse was hellde in Shreusburie and the iudgs of the assises were brought in by the Shyreffe of the Shire whose name was Mr. Robert Powell of the Parcke by Oswestrie Esquire who cam in verey valiantly and at the ennde of the assise there were three condempnid to say two men a woma' so the twoo men were executid and the woama' reprivid beinge thought to be wth ehilde."1] To the right wor'full and my verie lovinge ffrinds Mr Edward Owen and Mr Humphrey Hughes, gents, bailiffs of the Towne of Salopp geve thees. Right wor'full for answer of yo'r late Prs and your better satisfacon in that behalf I ame to let you understand that I sent once or twise unto Mr. Davies mync under sheriffe by my servant George Spurstowo dosyringe some messenger out of your towno of Salopp for the delvcrio of Prs unto the lord chilfo baron before tho tearrao And I woulde procure besides myself others of vorie good accompto with his L: to write unto hymo for the havinge of our Assizes w'thin yo'r said Towne wherein because I receyved noe directe answer, I did suppose that Mr. Davies had determined some other course for obteyn- inge of the same w'ch was as I perceaved afterwards by his owno Pres sent to some of my L: ser vaunts in that behalf, w'ch as I thought was not soe likly to prevaile, And in that respect 1 Trans. Shrop. Arch. Soc. 111. p. 331. SHERIFF OF SHROPSHIRE IN 1594. 295 in Mr. Pertches p'sence I showed my self somewhat disconten- ted but not in respecte of anie misconceyte I tooke of youe knoweinge their was noe suche cause, ffor I suppose it was never moved unto youe, nor yet of anie necligence or wilfull backwardnes in the under shiriffe whoe I am verie assured was most desirous to effecte the same. And thus blamynge myne ill fortune for her harde directions in this cause, with my verie hartie comendacons I comitt you both to the grace and protection of the hiest. Parkehall my house this xith daye of ffebruary 1593. Yor verie assured ffrinde RO. POWEL. I was promised from my L. chiffe baron's mouth if thassizes for Stafford shier were kept at Stafford that he would kepe our Assizes at Salopp, but if he were brought to Wolverhampton then I must travaile to Bridgenorth, but whether this course doe hold or noe I know not, for I have noe p'fecte Intelligence of eyther as yet, J 296 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL, By the Hon. and Rev. GILBERT H. F. VANE, M.A., Vicar of High Ercall. " With the manor of High Ercall are associated some of the greatest names in Shropshire history." These are the words of our county historian,1 who proceeds further to tell us that the name of Newport "continued pre-eminent in Shropshire history for more than three centuries ; and that the estates of the Newports have constituted the largest tenure in fee which the county has known since Domesday." The Newports obtained Ercall by purchase, though they probably had some hereditary claims to the estate also. It was in 1391 that Thomas Newport, parson of the church of Eyton, was enfeoffed in the Manor of Ercall, and it was in 1646 that the fine old Hall, built "impensis Francisci Newport militis " between 1608 and 1620, and still standing, surrendered to the Parliamentarians, after it had been long and gallantly defended by Sir Richard Newport, Knight, who had been created Baron Newport of High Ercall by Charles I. in 1643. After this siege the Newports ceased to reside at Ercall, but entries relating to their family are very numerous in the Ercall registers up to this time. These registers begin in 1585, and continue without a break to the present day, the Churchwardens' Accounts beginning exactly a century later, and being also con- tinuous. The registers, therefore, have not the entry of the birth, nor indeed of the marriage, of Magdalen Newport, sister to Sir Francis, and youngest daughter of 1 Ey ton's Antiquities of Shropshire (1859), vol, ix., p. G2, THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. 297 Sir Richard, and mother to George Herbert. For the tercentary of the poet's birth fell in April of the present year. Neither, though they begin twelve years before the Act of Parliament ordered them to be of parchment, is the old " paper booke" or any mention of it as such preserved. Neither, to glance on to a later time, is any record preserved in them of burials made in woollen, as ordered in 1678, and not counter- ordered until 54th George III. Nevertheless, to one who desires at the outset to confess himself inexperienced in such matters, they appear to contain much that is both quaint and interesting. The first volume then, which, like the dozen and a half which follow it, is in very fair, not to say in good condition, and does not appear to be a copy, is headed " The Register Booke of the pish, of High Arcall alse Etcall Magn' since the burninge of the old register, beginning the first day of Januarie in the yeare of our Lord God 1585." These words have been inked over, and are more legible than the first entry, which follows, and which appears to record the burial of " George Adeney of Rowton, yeoman, one of the vi. men of the pish." Now, noting first that the name of Adney of Rowton recurs throughout the register, and that the present Mr. Adney resides apparently in the same place where his ancestors have resided continuously for over three centuries, we have to enquire who the " six men of the parish " were. The register itself proves that they were men of good position, for besides George Adney, yeoman, we find also Rd. Arneway of Rowton, yeoman, so described in 1638, and " Mr. Robert Chorton of Toarne, the chiefTest (?) of the six men of our pish. , and about nynetie yeares old " buried in 1633, the same year also recording the burial of the wife of " Andrew Chorlton of Tearne, gentleman." Three other entries at least referring to the " six men " are found between 1585 and 1638, after which year they seem to cease. Well, an anonymous correspondent says that these six men ' 1 are clearly the ancient representatives of the I 298 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. parishioners at the visitations or synods. Four, six, or eight, were the numbers usually appointed." A refer- ence is added to Toulmin Smiths The Parish, p. 70, second edition, which I unfortunately have no oppor- tunity of consulting The Bishop of Nottingham, however, also tells me that they were sidesmen, i.e. synodsmen, and as the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher inclines to the same opinion, I think we need not hesitate to accept it. The next two entries of any interest appear to be those of the burial of " Ralph Lewns, a Cheshireman, . . . . . of milstones," who " peryshed by mis- fortune of water at Arcoll mill" in 1588, and of the marriage of " Thomas Cheryton of Cheryton (?) and Ellina Wade of Haughton . . . the . . day of ffebruarie in sexagessima, having my Lord Byshop's license, his hand and seale, Vicar of Shawbury, being Vicar in Mr. Buttre's absence/' in 1589, marriages being prohibited by the ancient discip line of the Church during Advent, Lent, and Whitsun- tide, and apparently also in the pre-Lenten season, which began at Septuagesima. The entry of the burial of this " John Buttre, vicar of Ercall, an old man," is found in 1591, but the names of the vicar and church- wardens are not entered at the foot of each page until 1604, after which they are usual, though by no means invariable, until 1725. We now come to an entry which is somewhat puzzling. It is this, " John Wade, an olde man of the chamber, b. ye sixt day of December, 1589," in which it is curious to note that the word " chamber " is in different ink from the rest of the entry. My anony- mous correspondent says, u This looks like a serving man, but I have not met with the expression." The Bishop of Nottingham suggests that the old man had been an inmate of rooms provided for the reception of the indigent, and colour is lent to this explanation by an entry exactly two years later of the burial of " Catheryn Laken, one of my ladies alms women," these THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL, 299 almsmen and almswomen being the predecessors of the six poor persons " quibns, senio et labore con- fectis, nihil aliud reliquum est quam vivere et precari/' and for whom Francis, Earl of Bradford, founded in 1694 the present hospital. I am in- formed, however, by Lady Geary, that the well- known antiquarian, the Rev. W. J. Loftie, F.S.A., considers the phrase to mean that the old man " belonged to the Treasury, i.e., the office of Chamber- lain," possibly of the Archbishop of the Province, or of the Newport of the day. Mr. Fletcher suggests that John Wade may have lived in the Church porch, and as a parvice was used not infrequently for a dwelling for a sexton or watchman, I have no doubt that Mr. Fletcher is right, for although the church has now no ancient porch this may well have been omitted when the church was restored after having been "demolished" during the siege of the Hall in 1646. The curious entry "Roderick Pharenton (?) a poore old man, some time organ-player to the parish church of Ercall, through wilfulness of himself took his end in the Chapell in the Churchyard and was buried the first day of January," 1591, recalls the fact that somewhere in the churchyard there was formerly a chantry. This was founded in 1331, but no vestige of it now remains. The expressions " films " and " filia hominis " occur from 1587 onwards, though the remainder of each entry is in English until a much later date. I have no doubt that they are equivalent to filius, &c, nullius, and denote illegitimacy. In 1590 we find a record of a wedding at Poynton. This was, no doubt, in one of the chapels of this parish of 11,998 acres. Such chapels, Eyton tells us, were formerly numerous, and he mentions no less than seven. A baptism at Poynton Chapel is recorded in 1607, and another "in the newe fonte of Paynton Chappie" in 1611. An interesting fragment of this chapel still stands, but, alas, its fate has been the reverse of that of the oldest church in Christendom, for while Bethlehem 300 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HtGH ERCALL. was first a stable and then a shrine, Poynton was first a shrine and then a stable. 1590 introduces us also to the beautiful phrase " the Creature of Christ." This recurs in the same year, and again in 1592 and 1595, with or without a Christian name, and once (apparently) with a surname. It has been suggested to me that the phrase is a euphemism for a child born out of wedlock, or for a person of weak intellect. I believe, however, that it signifies an infant baptized immediately after birth by the midwife. In H, E. Chester Waters' Parish Registers in England several such entries are quoted between 1547-63, and I have also been supplied with quotations to the same effect from Piers Ploughman, while in the margin of the register of Great Malvern for 1569 a note is fastened with a pin of children baptized by midwives in 1565, 1566, 1567, 1568, and 1569. In 1596 we have the record of the burial of " Richard Thunder the p'ish clearke about nynty yeares," not, I hope, implying that the parishioners were deafened by Amens in the voice of Thunder during nearly three generations, especially if his vocal abilities were on a par with those of the parish clerk of Buxted in Sussex, seventy years later, of whom it is recorded that his " melody warbled forth as if he had been thumped on the back with a stone." Whether this was so or not, I fear that the death of Richard the Terrible brought the worshippers small relief, for the next clerk (appar- ently) was named Socrates Thunder! Socrates died in 1633, but not until he had done his best to perpetuate his terrific name, though happily without success, for Socrates Thunder No. 2, was baptised in 1634 and died in the year following, and Socrates Thunder, No. 3, died in 1637. In 1600, and again in 1602 and 1604, we read of the " house in Sugdon of Mr. Nicholas Gibbons two yeares of this p'ish and one yeare belonging to ye chappie of Rodington." No trace of this curious arrangement is known to the present authorities of the parish, though THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. 301 Rodenhurst Hall, mentioned in the following long winded entry is situated partly in both parishes. "Thomas Wood of this p'ish and Elizabeth Walley servant to Mr. John Leighton of Rodenhurst of this p'ish, wedded at Roddington at the request of Mr. Leighton the xviith day of August, 1607, having paid all the weddinge fees at Ercall before, because the dwelling house of Rodenhurst is in Ercall p'ish though for ease Mr. Leighton goeth usually to Roddington to divine service." The year's beginning on the 25th March is first noted in 1602, 1601 therefore comprising no less than fifteen months. 1603 is noteworthy only for two marriages "by license of Mr. Zacrias babington chancier " (sic). A more interesting note of a marriage by license is that of " Edward Corbet of Highton (?) in the countie of Montgomerie Esquire and Anne Newport daughter of Sir Richard Newport of High Ercall, Knight " who were " wedded the 25th day of August 1635 by License of ye most reverend (?) William L. Archbishop of Canterburie his grace." This must have been Arch- bishop Laud. In 160G and 1639 we have entries relating to Sir Henrie Wallop, ancestor of the present Earl of Ports- mouth, and then living at Poynton Hall, in this parish. 1607 records the burial of one who was " slayen by a fall from a way no." The word used to describe the death, as well as the manner of it, is still not uncommon in Lincolnshire to this day. In 1610, we read that " Hugh Davies, a poore diseased yonge man was brought from Constable to Constable from Coventrie, and died at Sugdon." With regard to the systom of communication her© implied, I learn from Wators' Parish Registers that tho law of Edward VI. for removing the aged and infirm poor to the place of their birth or last residence was so strictly enforced that sometimes death would take place upon the highway. Vol. V., M S. W 302 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. The following list of occupations mentioned in 1611, and the few years following, will probably be found interesting. Smyth, milner (sic), carpenter, taylor, weaver (and webster), husbandman, labourer, servant, gould smyth, cooke, ('' ffrancis Warner, servant of the manor of Ercall "J, apparitor, wheelwright, souldier, esquier, yeoman, gent., nursed (?) at Roden, plasterer, whitesmith, and way tinge-gentle woman ' ' to ye r. wor11 the Ladie Newport." The length of this list is, of course, owing in great measure to the presence of the noble family at the Hall. Both the smith and the goldsmith have the frequently recurring " pro quo mor- tuarium solutum fuit Vicario de Ercall Magna xs.," appended to their names, showing that they were men of substance. On Jan. 29th, 1614, we have the entry of the marriage of " Richard Baxter of Eaton Constantine gent." to " Beatrice Adney of this pish." This Beatrice Adney was one of the old yeoman family of the Adneys of Rowton, and was baptised on June 8th, 1594. She was, therefore, probably only twenty-one years of age when she gave birth to one who was destined to become famous, and whose baptism is thus recorded in our register : "Richard sonne and heyer of Richard Baxter of Eaton Constantine gent, and of Beatrice his wife baptised the xixth of November, 1615." Two suicides in 1620 and 1623 are thus recorded. " Anne wief of Adam Retford of Roden buried obscurelie for she killed herself with a knife the xviith day of Julie 1620." And, u Thomas Lloyde a Welshman servant to Rd. Prudden of Cot wall hanged himself and was buried neare the place uppon the viith day of Julie 1623." It has been suggested to me that possibly " neare the place " may mean near, but not in, the churchyard. This, however, does not seem very probable. The troublous days of 1643 are implied in a notice of Francis ilotchkiss and Richard Dory "slaine near Rowton," and again the sudden shrinkage of the entries THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERG ALL. 303 in the years following is, no doubt, to be attributed to the siege sustained by the Hall and the serious damage suffered at the time by the church, which adjoins it. Thus in 1G44 there appears to be only one entry, in the year following only two, and in 1646 again only two. All these five are baptisms, and at the bottom of the somewhat obscure page which contains them the name of "Humphrey Browne, Vicar," appears for the first and only time, George Wood, the preceding Vicar, being apparently ejected but remaining in the parish, for the baptism of a son of George Wood appears in 1651. Two entries of births instead of baptisms follow, and with one more baptism the first volume closes, A. glance at the opening pages of the second volume shows us that we are still in the times of trouble and of the temporary overthrowal of Church discipline and order. Thus on the fly leaf of this volume is the following insciiption : — " Shropshire, High Arcall. Whereas the inhabitants of the parish of High Arcall in the county aforesaid made choice of Richard Jenks of Asbaston in the said parish and county to be the Register of the said parish according to an Act of Parliament in that behalf made and provided, and have soe signified the same unto me under their hands, the said lid. Jenks having alsoe accordingly come before me and taken his oath for the faithful discharge of the said place, I doe hereby certify the same under my hand the 17th day of November, 1653. Creswell Tayleur." Entries of births (instead of baptisms, as directed by the above-mentioned law, which was passed by Praise- God-Barebones' Parliament on 24th of August, 1653), then follow until 1660, when the old order of things was restored. These entries are made too with greater regularity than those in the last page of the old book, where the order runs 1651, 1653, 1651, 1649. Septem- ber, 1651, and June, 1651. Entries of weddings during this unhappy period are in the following form : — 304 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. " The intention of matrimony between A.B. of CD. and E.F. of G.H. was published by the Register of the parish three several Lords Days, viz. . . . , at the close of the morning exercise in the public meeting place, and noe exception being made against the said intention they proceeded to marriage according to the Act in that behalf made and provided and were pronounced husband and wife by . . . ." These entries are in accordance with the Act of 1653, "touchinge Marriadges by Justices of the peace by banns to be publishedand recorded as followeth/'as it isphrased in the register of Staindrop, co. Durham, and are varied only by the addition sometimes of " and his substitute" to " the Register of the parish/' and in one case by "three several markett days at Wellington" instead of " three several Lords Days/' They are signed by Cresswell Tayleur, P. Yonge, Wm. Jones, and other justices ; but marriages are also said to have been performed during this period by "Mr. Richd. Hopkins, minister of ye sd parish," though whether this means of High Ercall is not clear, and by " Jonathan Jellibrand, a minister of Long sup. Tearne," &c. Before looking far however into this volume, we must not omit to observe two notices written inside the cover. The first of these tells us that "at the end of this book are registered separately the Burials from the parishes of Rodington and Waters Upton for the years 1679-1684 inclusive." Both these parishes were separated from High Ercall in 1341, but entries of burials from them both are frequent in the Ercall register. The other notice is in pencil, and as the handwriting alone would shew, refers to matters subsequent to the date of this volume. It is as follows : " Marriage of Phillip Matthews to Mary Mears. They had a daughter named Margaret, who went to London, and had a natural child by her Master, whose name was Barber. This child got the property." I have ascertained that the marriage referred to took place in 1702, but the property alluded to, which is very considerable, is in chancery, and neither this note THE PARISH REGISTERS OP HIGH ERCALL. 305 nor a large number of extracts referring to the families of Matthews and Barber supplied by me have enabled certain applicants to substantiate their claim to it. In 1659, we have the first two records of money collected in the parish for charitable objects. George Herbert, who died in 1632, says of his model Country Parson that " if God have sent any calamity either by fire or famine to any neigbouring parish, then he expects no brief . . . but first gives himself liberally, and then incites (his parishioners) to give." Briefs, which were originally Papal Rescripts, were inhibited by the Long Parliament, except (by an order of 10th January, 1648), when issued under the Great Seal, and under the direction of both Houses. However, our friend Richard Jenks and another being " gardiani " or "churchwardens," there was collected in Ercall parish in 1659 " towards the rebuilding of Oswestry Church the sum of two pounds one shilling," and in the same year ' 'towards the reliefe of the inhabitants of the town and corporation of Southwold otherwise Soulbay in ye county of Suffolk ye sum of nineteen shillings." The only other records in the register of sums collected appear in 1661, though such records are frequent from the end of the century onwards in the Churchwardens' accounts. In this year the very modest amounts of four shillings and fourpence were collected " ad jacturas incolarum de Quatt in hoc comitatu instau- randas," of five shillings and sevenpence "pro Edvardo Strichley de Hopesay,"and of fiveshillings and one penny " pro Watchett (?) oppido maritimo, ad proeveniendam maris inundationem." While making due allowance for the change in the value of money, we are glad to add that the generosity of the parishioners in the present bad but still peaceful, times compares very favourably indeed with the seeming niggardliness of their ancestors in the evil days of the Commonwealth, and at the time of the Restoration. And now, as our readers will have noticed that our quotations have begun to be in Latin, we must introduce 306 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCAXL. the scholar whose entries in gigantic handwriting follow the neat caligraphy of Rd Jenks. John Hotchkiss is his name, and 28 years, beginning in 1661, did he continue as " minister Ercaliensis," being supported in his minis- trations by lay officers, whom he variously designates " gardiani," " seditui," or " hierophylaces." And John Hotchkiss was, as a tablet to his memory in the church, avers " pious towards God, painfull in his place, and charitable to the poor/' an eulogy whose terms are borne out by his entries, which fill nearly the whole of two folio volumes. The slab which covered his remains and is inscribed like that of Shakespeare and others, " Let no man disturb these bones," was discovered some four years ago, and under it a human skull of gigantic size and perfectly white, but no other bones ; so that his anathema has been at some time disregarded. But in the registers his record is writ large enough, and these constitute his " monu- mentum sere perennius." I wish my readers could see Trr]\UoL uttoO vr) ets t6v aliova tw alwwv, and on the fly leaf of vol. 3, besides inscribing his name as " minister Ecclesiee Erca- liensis Anno Redemtionis nostras 1681," he quotes from the Septuagint Version the two difficult verses which begin the 7th chapter of the Book of Job. He must have found the church in a ruinous condition, and must also have worked hard to restore it, though it is to be regretted that the only hint of its rebuilding preserved is in the record of a burial in April, 1GG2, " in templo novo Ercaliensi," the three following entries being of persons buried " in ccemiteric Ercalensi." One of these three was " Thomas Hicke de Belsadino vivario ligni- cida in silva Cottalensi,,, who " morte intempestiva occubuit." Another sudden death is thus described, " plaustrum oneratum cms fregit sinistrum mortemque inopinato sibi accersivit," and another, ''morte violenta (nempe casu plaustri in cerebellum) obiit." In fact, the whole of Hotchkiss' long record brims over with quaint interest. Thus 1 GG6 is thus headed : ''Annus mirabilis. Hoc anno inclyta civitas Londini combusta fait." Again in 1675 an index finger calls attention to the following: "Bee it Remembred That ye Vicar of this parishes name (who lived in ye Tenth- Yeare of Henry ye 6th) was Mr. Richard Upton and ye Vicar of Shawburye's name was Mr. William Alayne." And in the margin is written, " It is since yt time 243 yeares." This statement I have not as yet been able to prove, but researches with that object are now in progress. In 1681 appears the following, " Bee it Remembered that I Thomas Lawranson of the Day-House in the Township of Crudgington and parish of High-Ercall doe certifye acknowledge and confess that I have payd my Tythe in kind and particularly my Easter-Book unto John Hotchkiss the present minister of High Ercall for severall yeares for the sayd dayhouse Tenement. Witness mine hand, Thomas Lawranson. In the pre- sence of us Richard Rodinhurst, ... of High Ercall ; John Shaw of Ercall aforesaid," And in 1686, I 308 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. " Bee it rembred y* Parson Talbot of Bodington payd me the Fees for ye Buriall of a Child of his, which Fees were sent by his Brother in law Richard Palin of Isom- bridge. John Hotchkiss, Vicar. m In spite of his evident learning, the Latinity of John Hotchkiss is not altogether Ciceronian, while his charity certainly did not waste itself in mawkish prudery or feeble sentimentality. The following descriptions of some of his parishioners will be read sometimes with admiration, and sometimes with laughter, as unquench- able as that of the Homeric gods when they saw Hephaestus bustling about as a server in the halls of Olympus: " nullius filia, virgo intacta," "vir bonus, sciens, ac parochiee valde utilis," " dilectus," " anus honesta," " laniator," " peregrinus in parochia, migrans e comitatu Eboracensi," M pauper at vir pientissimus," " vir tritus annis," " infantulus absque baptismo moriens," "vir probus et fraudibus expers," csecus senex," " homuntio audax et derisor profanus," u causi- dicus," " virgo pietate et modestia haud mediocri imbuta," " cselebs antiquus," "homo senilis et senio fere consumptus," " muliercula antiqua," " homunculus antiquus," u senex indigens," " custos cervorum virario de Ercall," "piscator et auceps," " populorum pere- grinantium,' ' " filius i.e. nothus," " filius meretricis," u paupercula vagabunda" ; while our friend Ed. Jenks is handed down to posterity as " ludi magister," and a certain evil-doer as " hie homuntio bigamus erat morumque pravor," and his wife as " Maria3 semiuxoris (nan Bigamus erat.") Entries too of a child buried as u d^w^os nam baptismo caruit " are common. 1673. u Josias James de Cold Hatton quinto die Julii sepultus est. Clericus fuit ordinis inferioris." This seems to point to a dissenting minister, whose orders Hotchkiss partially recognised, and not, I think, to any chaplains of the old pre-reformation chapels of the parish, Whatever James was, others of the same THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. 309 class were not uncommon in the parish at the time. For in 1674, we read of Josua Barnet and of Johannes Griffiths de Sleape, both described as " clerici," while possibly the same office is meant by the " Dominus " prefixed to Robert Wood of Muckleton (1676). The phrase " New Invention " as the description of a house is also puzzling. It is found in 1674, and again in 1685. and is still known in the parish. I would suggest that it may be about a century older than the date given, and may refer either to gunpowder or to tobacco. At the end of vol. 2 in the " Registrum RodintoniaB et Waters Upton per se separatu et Inchoatum Undecimo die Octobris Anno Christi 1679," I find the only record of a '' mortuarium sex solidorum octoque denariorum — 06. 08 " preserved, the fee of ten shillings being (as already observed) quite common. To this entry is appended " Hi sunt testes." But they are not given ! And here we must bid farewell to John Hotchkiss, who as * ' de Ercall Magna Clericus et Ecclesise ibidem Vicarius " was buried on the 20th August, 1689, and under whose tablet in the Church is a neat memorial brass to the Be v. George Bucknill, Vicar of High Ercall from 1860 to 1880, whereon it is recorded that Mr. Bucknill's "hope was that his flock would remember him, and say of him what above is written of John Hotchkiss." In 1709 we find the baptism on October 14th of Francis, son of Francis Geary of Sleap, and Judith his wife. This was the most famous of the ancient family of Geary of this parish, and ancestor of the present Sir Francis Geary, Bart., of Oxon Heath, co. Kent. He commanded the British Fleet during the war with the American Colonies, and was a very generous as well as a brave and distinguished seaman. One of his prizes is valued in the Gazette of the period at no less than one million eight hundred thousand pounds. He was created a Baronet in 1782, the motto "Chase " being bestowed upon him in allusion to his well-known and 310 THE PARISH REGISTERS OF HIGH ERCALL. daring exploits. In spite of his life of adventure he lived to be eighty-seven. Near the end of vol. 3 is given without date " A List of those inhabitants of this Parish, who have fenced the Churchyard with a Stone wall according to the Proportion by Custom appertaining to them : viz. one foot of wall forward for every Two Pence their Tene- ments pay to the Church-Lewn, beginning at the North wicketts in the following order. Impr. The inhabitants of Walton," &c. And now my task is done. I desire only to apologise for my very imperfect antiquarian knowledge, which, I hope, has not betrayed me into errors, and to add a list of unusual names, with the dates at which they occur: — ffortune Coulfox (1593), Gervasine Coulfox (1595), Maudlin Chirme (1596), Cassander Bromley (1G0G), Thomasin, wife of Thomas Whittingham (1607), Maw- delen Bookley (1615), Joan wife of Vincent Barklome of Upton Parva (1635), Socrates Poole of the Cole- pitt banke (1635), ffrances Halfpennie (1636), Jane Fortune (1673), Attilanto Spenlove (1673, Man- love is also common), Abagala Cooper (1674), Alanus Sherrat (1675), Johannes Dioz (1676), Roger Chitta de Sleap (1678), Roger Swatnam (1680), Jocosa vel Joicia Langley (1685), Adelicia Ferrington (1685), Millicent Debner (1688), Sylvanus Chirme (1702), Aquila, daughter of Lawrence Smith, a wander- ing person, and Temperance his wife (1704), Mrs. Tryphosa Barnes (1723), Jocina Gardner (1732), Etheldreda Fortune (1728), Addearias Beddow (1757), Enos and Romelia Griffiths, twins, (1772), Petre, daughter of Andrew Hichin (1782), and Saberina, a base child of Elizabeth Gittins (1785). I have in every case retained the original spelling. . P.S. — It may be interesting to add that the last thirteen entries in our Burials Register give an average of very nearly three score and twelve years. 311 SELATTYN: A HISTORY OF THE PARISH By the Hon. Mrs. BULKELEY-OWEN. (Continued from 2nd Series, Vol. V., page 210). CHAPTER V. SWANHILL, MOUNT SION, AND MOUNT PLEASANT. SWANHILL. In the middle of the 18th century a family named Lloyd became possessed of a small estate consisting of 33 acres of land lying chiefly in Selattyn, but partly in Oswestry Parish. Upon this they built a small house, which they named Swanhill. It was about half a mile from the town, to the right of the road leading to the Racecourse and to Llansilin. The exact date of the building I have been unable to ascertain ; but from a list of Freeholders in the Lord- ship of Whittington, contained in the Aston Heriot Book, we learn that John Felton exchanged lands in Porkington with Mr. Robert Lloyd of Oswestry in 1744, and that Samuel Carter also exchanged lands in Porkington with him at the same time. John Felton, Brazier, of Oswestry, was the grandson of one Thomas Felton, whose name appears in Edward Lloyd of Llanfordas MSS. (circa 1660) in a list entitled " The names of the mallignant enemies to the Kinge Matie in and aboute Oswestree in the County of Salop (to witt). Thomas fFellton Brazier and his wiefe." Vol. V., 2i)(i S. NN 312 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Thomas Felton's name also occurs in the Mayor's (Richard Pope) Book in 1673, as refusing "to subscribe against the Solemn League and Covenant."1 He was also elected as a Council man for Oswestry, in King Charles II. 's Charter to that town, 13 January, 1674, but, true to his republican principles, he declined to serve as such.2 In the records of the Congregational Chapel of Oswestry the names of three generations of Feltons occur : Thomas, James, and John, who were all braziers. There is a document dated 1715, of the " accompts of James FeJton, whatt hee Lay'd out for all sorts of Timber Work and wagis for ye repairing of Meetting house."3 John Felton's name occurs as a trustee and an influential supporter of the said Chapel or meeting house, as it was then termed, in 1734-1749. 4 was Mayor of Oswestry in 1761. He is de- scribed as attorney-at- law. He seems to have been an active member | of the Corporation, for when Murringer the year before, he " delivered in a Translation of the "Charter in English," and during his Mayoralty on 19 March, 1762, he ordered u that the Murringer pay one guinea yearly to a proper person for taking care of the Bayley Clock."5 Either ho or his son was the Robert Lloyd who in 1776 was one of the solicitors of the Court of Quarter Sessions. He was living at Swanhill as early as 1769, and was the son of Robert Lloyd of Khandir, in Llansilin parish. 1 Rec. Corp. Oswes. Shrop. Archoco. Trans., Vol. V., p. 148. 2 Ibid, Vol. IV., p. 45. 3 Osw. Ecclcs. Hist. The Old Chapel, Shrop. Archieo. Trans., Vol. IV., p. 168. 4 Ibid, pp. 175-177. The name of Richard Fclton occurs as a Freeholder of Co. Salop, as voting for Col. Andrew Lloyd of Aston in 1G4G. (Shrop. Arehieo. Trans., Vol. III., p. 144). b Hcc. Oswes. Corp., Shrop. Archeco, Trans., Vol. VII., p. 74. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 313 He was twice married ; the name of his first wife, the mother of his eldest son and heir, we do not know. His second wife was Sarah, daughter of Robert Powell of Lloran Issa, Co. Denbigh. She together with her infant son and her husband are commemorated by a tablet in the north chancel aisle of Oswestry Church. " Robert Powell Lloyd, son of Robert Lloyd of Swan Hill, Esq., by Sarah his second wife, died 11th March, 17G9, and was interred in the vault beneath, aged 5 years. Sarah, mother of the above Robert Powell Lloyd died 19th August, 1790, aged 59 years; also Robert Lloyd, Esq., the father, died 5th of April, 1793, aged 72 years." Robert Lloyd, in his will dated 15 September, 1791, describes himself as " of Oswestry." The very fine house he built there, which was known as " The Big House," is now divided into two dwellings; part of it was bought for a Vicarage in 1871, and the other half now belongs to the trustees of the late John Jones, Esq., solicitor. It is called Bellan House. Selattyn Register supplies us with thedateof its build- ing. " Mr. Robert Lloyds house adjoining the Church- yard in Oswestry was begun in 1776 and finished 1779." It seems strange that he should have required such a large house in the town, when Swanhill was so near, but probably he built it for his son to carry on the business as a solicitor. In 1791, when the Oswestry Incorporation decided to erect the House of Industry at Morda, the directors were in treaty witb Robert Lloyd, Esq., and Robert Lloyd the younger, Esq., for the purchase of Llwyny- mapsis Mill. Two years later, in 1793, the old gentleman died, leaving his property to the use of his son Robert Lloyd and the Rev. Joseph Venables of Oswestry, Clerk,1 and their heirs in trust. He appointed his son sole executor. 1 Of Woodhill, near Oawcatry. Rector of Krbistock 1777 ; Incum- bent of Morton 1783-1797. Died 14 Aug., 1810. 314 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. of Swanhill, the younger, was born in 1745. He was High ^Sheriff of Merioneth 11 Feb., 1795-6, and is described in the list of Sheriffs as " Robert Lloyd of Cefngoed, Esq."1 He was Mayor of Oswestry 1798, and during his year of oflice was IncomeTax Commissioner for the town under Pitt s Act. He married Jane, daughter and coheir of Kichard Williams of Penbedw, in the parish of Nannerch, Co. Denbigh, youngest surviving son of Sir William Williams2 of Llanfprda, Bt., by his third wife Annabella, daughter and heir of Charles Lloyd of Drenewydd, Whittington.3 He died 3 October, 1803 ; his Will is dated 9 June, 1798, and was proved 2 Dec, 1803. He devised all his manors, etc., in the Counties of Salop, Denbigh, Montgomery, Cardigan, and all other his messuages, etc., to Watkm Williams of Penbedw, Co. Denbigh, Esq.,4 and Thos. Davies of Lloran, Co. Denbigh, upon trust for his widow, Jane Lloyd. He bequeathed £300 a year to her for life, and further sums of £500 and £1,000, but by a Codicil dated 19 Sept., 1803, he revoked this settlement and left her £400 a year instead. The rest of his property, after the paymentof his debts, legacies, and funeral expenses, was to be to the use of his two daughters, Annabella and Jane Lloyd, and to be equally divided between them and their heirs for ever. Jane Lloyd his wife, and Annabella Lloyd, his eldest daughter, were left joint executors. 1 Kalendars of Gwynedd. 2 Son of Sir William Williams, Speaker of the House of Commons temp. Charles 11. Ho bought Llanforda, near Oswestry, from Edward Lloyd in Mareh, 1G75-6. 3 Drenewydd has been mentioned before in Chapter II. 4 His wife's brother, who was Lord-Lieutenant of Merioneth 1789, Lord-Lieutenant of Denbigh, Constable of Flint Castle, M.P. for Montgomeryshire, and afterwards for Flint Boroughs. (See Kalendars of Gwynedd, p. 29). Ho died 1808. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 315 His only son died before him ; he together with his parents is commemorated by a tablet in the north chancel aisle of Oswestry Church. It is inscribed as follows : — " Sacred to the memory of Capt. Robert Watkin Lloyd, of Major- General G Wynne's regiment of Cavalry, only son of Robert Lloyd, Esq. of Swanhill, aged 17. He fell a victim to the yellow fever on the 26th of June, 1794, at Port au Prince, in Saint Domingo, having survived the capture of that place. In him were united a mind firm and vigorous, a disposition kind and benevolent, manners engaging and mild ; giving a promise of a character, which might one day have added lustre to his profession ; have adorned the circle of polished Society and have sweetened the enjoy- ments of domestic life. Sacred also to the memory of Robert Lloyd, Esq. of Swanhill, father of the above-named Robert Watkin Lloyd, who departed this life on the 3rd day of October, 1803, aged 58. By that event his family lost an affectionate husband and father, the County an upright Magistrate, and the public an amiable man. And of Jane his wife, daughter of Richard Williams of Penbedw, died August 19, 1820, aged 65." There is an Indenture dated 6 and 7 March, 1805, concerning the marriage of Annabella Lloyd and Edward Gatacre, and a lease to Sir Stephen Glynne of Hawarden. of lands in Day well and Whittington, commonly called Pentre Kenrick. This farm, which is still held by the Gatacres, was bought by Annabella Gatacres grandfather in 1754. There is a lease dated 28 January, 1735, amongst the Oldport documents of the Farm of Pentre Kenrick in Daywell, a township of Whittington, from Ann Huxley of Oswestry, widow, to Edward Richards for 21 years, at an annual rent of £56. It states that Pentre Kenrick " was some time ago in the possession or occupation of Edward Philips, Yeoman, his assigns and undertenants, and since then 316 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. of John Evans, Yeoman, his assigns," etc., and that now it is in the possession of Ann Huxley herself, " together with a malt kiln thereto belonging." This lease is witnessed by James Turner and Thomas Dawes. A letter is enclosed in the parchment dated January 18, 1754, saying that it was agreed between Edward Richards of Pentre Kenrick, and Robert Lloyd of Oswestry, that Edward Richards shall " deliver up unto Robert Lloyd to be cancelled the lease of Pentre Kenrick at Lady Day next, and shall immediately allow Robert Lloyd to enter on the lands on payment of «£9," and if any dispute arises James Turner of Old- port, Esq., is to determine them. The Gatacres were " a family of knightly rank, which having early feoffment in Gatacre, took its name from the place."1 Gatacre is a member of the parish of Claverley, near Bridgnorth, in Shropshire. King Henry I. constituted the Barony or Honour of Montgomery and annexed to it Gatacre, which was one of the escheats of Robert de Belesme. In 1160 (Rot. Pip. 6 and 7 Hen. II.) we find the name of William de Gatacre as an under-tenant. In (Rot. Pip. 22 Hen. II.), William de Gatacre, Lord of Gatacre, was one of the four knights who in July, 1194, had to report to the Courts of Westminster on the validity of the essoign of a certain Cecilia de Cantreyn. Sir William was succeeded by Sir Robert de Gatacre, Knight, whose name appears as a knight and juror of a Grand Assize in April, 1200, and as attesting a grant to Haughmond Abbey. The ancient arms of Gatacre, as shown formerly in Claverley Church were, " Quarterly 1 and 4 erm.y a chief indented gules, 2 and 3 gules ; over all on a Fess Azure 3 bezants"2 1 Eyton'a Ant. of Shrop., vol. hi., p. 86. 2 Eyton, vol. iii., p. 103. AO SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 317 The Arms as borne at present are, " Quarterly gules and erm. on the 2nd and 3rd, 3 piles of the 1st, on a fess azure 5 bezants.'1 Of such antiquity is the family which now represents the Lloyds of Swanhill. Selattyn Register tells us that " Edward Gatacre of Gatacre, in the parish of Claverley, and Annabella Lloyd of Swanhill, were married 21 March, 1805," by Whitehall Whitehall Davies, Rector, and that Watkin Williams and Jane Lloyd her mother were witnesses of the marriage. Edward Gatacre was baptized at Quat Church, near Bridgnorth, 17 April, 1768. lie was the son of Edward Gatacre and Mary Pitchford,1 who were married there G October, 1763. Gatacre Place, in Oswestry, stands upon part of the property which Annabella Lloyd inherited from her father. It was sold by Col. Gatacre to Mr. Nathaniel Price, a solicitor in Oswestry, who built houses and named them Gatacre Place. We have in Selattyn Register the marriage of "Nathaniel Price, gent., and Elinor, daughter of Mr. John Price, Alderman of Oswestry, 25 August, 1719." He was, probably, the Mayor of Oswestry in 1723, whose name appears upon one of the bells of the Parish Church Tower as " Nathaniel Price, gent., Church- warden/' It was cast in 171 7. 2 The builder of Gatacre Place was, probably, his son. Selattyn Register records the birth of two of the children of Edward Gatacre and Annabella Lloyd. Edward Lloyd Gatacre was baptized there 7 Feb., 1806, and Annabella Jane Gatacre on 8 Feb,, 1809. Edward Lloyd Gatacre is the present owner of Gatacre. He married in 1838 Jessie, second daughter of William Forbes, Esq., M.P., of Callendar, Co. Stir- 1 Burke's Armoury gives the arms of Pichford, or Pitchford, of Co. Salop, us " Azure a cinquefoil between G martlets or." 2 Ilea Corp. Oswes., Shrop. Arelueo. Trans., Vol. VII., p. 66, 318 SELATTYN . A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. ling, and by her, who died in 1878, has with other issue, Edward Lloyd, born 1839, son and heir. The next document belonging to the Lloyd family is dated 10 April, 1814. It states that John Wynne Eyton and Jane Lloyd the younger, were shortly to be married, and that Valentine Vickers, Esq., is to make a partition of the lands left to Annabella and Jane Lloyd, junior. There is another Indenture dated 12th and 13th April, 1814, from which we learn that Swanhill fell by the division, to the lot of the younger daughter Jane. She was married at Selattyn Church to John Wynne Eyton of the Parish of Mold, on 14 April, 1814. The witnesses were E. Gatacre, Hester Morris, II . Eyton, L. E. Eyton, and C. Eyton. Jane Lloyd, the mother, died 19 Aug., 1820, and was buried at Oswestry. There are indentures concerning tbe property of Edward and Annabella Gatacre dated 24 May, 1821 ; 21 Dec, 1821 ; 7 March, 1826 ; and 7 Nov., 1826. They speak of lands in Crickheath, Whittington, and Llansilin. The family of Wynne Eyton of Coed y Llai, or Lees- wood, near Mold, Flintshire, descend from Cynwrig Efell, Lord of Eglwyseg.1 The following is a Pedigree of the later members of the family. Arms : " Gules, on a bend arg. a lion passant sable." Thos. Eyton, High Sheriff^=Margaret, d. of Mytton Davies of Gwysanau and for Flint 1712. I Llauerch Park. Thos. Eyton, Rector of-f Elizabeth, only dau. of George Hope of Hope, Co. Westbury, Salop. I Salop. Hope Eyton=f Margaret, d. of Robert Wynne of the Tower. John Wynne Eyton, Esq.—Jane, d. and coheir of Robert Thoroas Eyton=F of Coed y Llai and the Lloyd of Swanhill, Esq. j Tower. Died 18 . . s.p. | Thomas Wynne Eyton, born 1847, succeeded to bis uncle's Flintshire estates. * /list. Powii Fadog) vol. v. SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 319 Upon the death of John Wynne Eyton and Jane his wife, their share of the Lloyd property reverted to the Gatacres. They had, however, previously, on 26 March, 1842, sold the Swanhill estate to William Ormsby Gore, Esq., for a sum of .£0,402 18s. 2d, It was sold by auction at the Cross Keys Inn, Os- westry, with the sole reservation to the Wynne Eyton s of "The Church Pew in Oswestry Church." The following is a „ Description of the premises. Acreage, lemuus. Oswestry and Syllattin parishes. A. R. P. General Despard1 Capital Messuage of Swanhill 5 1 38 Do. Lawn and Kennel Field 21 3 27 Lot 1 Grcville, J Land called Horse Pasture 4 1 0 1 House, Buildings, and Lawn, Gardens and Yard 3 2 6 2 Plantation 3 0 25 3 Dog Kennel Field 2 3 27 4 Little Lawn 5 3 1G 5 Pool in ditto ... 1 1 0 G Little Lawn 12 1 32 29 0 2G Lot 9 Avenue Field ... ... ... 3 3 33 3 10 Garden in ditto ... ... 0 1 4 4 0 37 Total ... 33 1 23 Mr. Ormsby Gore pulled the house down, and a few old fruit trees in Brogyntyn Park, near the Oswestry Lodge, alone mark the site of Swanhill. LLOYD OF SWANHILL.2 Arms : Quarterly or. and gu. 4 lions pass, counter changed of the field. Crest : A lion ramp, gules. 1 Died at Swanhill, 3 Sep., 1829, aged 85. His wife Harriet Anne, sister of Sir Thomas Dalryinple Hesketh, Bt , of RufFord Hall, Lancashire, died at Brighton, 14 May, 1848, aged 76. (Gravestone in Oswestry Parish Churchyard). »*The early part of this Pedigree is taken from Joseph Morris's Colls., by the kindness of C. Peele, Esq. Vol. V., 2nd S. 00 320 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Cynnn ap Iago ap Iwal, Prince of North Wales, =pRanullt, d. of Afloedd ap Swtric d. in Ireland at close of the 11th century. J ap Glinfurn, King of Dublin. Griifith, Head of Meredith, Lord of=f=Alswn, d. of Llewelyn Rhys, whose des- the 1st Royal Rhiwhiriaeth, Co- Tribe of Wales. cottalog, and d. 1137, aged 82, Neuaddwen. bur. Bangor Cathedral. Vychan of Ial. cendants are in South Wales. Llawr Grach, alias y Llyr Craff of=pAles, d. Einion ap Seisyllt of Mathafara. Meitod. Collvvyn Llaw hir of Meifod=f=Ellen, d. of Einion op Llewelyn ap Meilir Gryg. Caradoc^Mali, d. and heir of David ap Griffith ap Gwenwynwyn ap Owen I Cyfciliog. Sulien=f Jonet, d. of Madoc ap Einion ap Cerri. Edny ved of Llysyu=j=Arddyn, d. of Einion ap Cynfelyn ap Dolftyn ap Rhiwallon. Einion^Gwenllian, d. of Piers Trevor of Chirk. Grillith Vyrgoch of Neuadd Won=f Ales, d. Jenkin ap Llewellyn ap Ernim ap in par. Llaucrvul. | Celyuyn. Ma'doc Lloyd^Angharad, d. and coheir of Madoc ap Elisau Griffith Vychan of the Manor of Llangar in Edeirnion, living Lord of Neuadd 12S4, ap lorwerth ap Owen Brogyntyn. She Wen in Caer- was called t lie " Lady of Vairdre.1' She was einion. living in 1375, and is mentioned in the co- dicil to her brother'* will, Llewelyn, Bishop of St. Asaph, dated 12 Oct., 1375. living in 1334.» Llowelyn ap Madoc of Vairdro=j=Mali, d. of David Lloyd ap Ithol ap Gwrgenen in Edcirnioii. I des. from Ririd Flaidd. Thomas=pCatherine, d. Philip Oteley of Oteley, Co. Salop. l On Wort, the morrow of All Saints (2 Nov., 1331), Owenus ap David do llinmer et Madog Lloyd up Qrilhth ut Angharad uxor ejus d'nu do Vairdro appeared at the Sessions held at Harlech, Co. Merioneth, before tho King's Justices for North Wales, to show by what wai unit they held their lands by Jlarniiy, when they pleaded tho Royal Grant of '22 July, 12 Kd i. to (Jrillithap lorwerth et David tllli ot nepoto aui, to holrt their lands by Barony. (Had MS., No. 0008, fol. 42). SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 321 Philip of Vairdre=j=Margaret, d. of Hovvel Katherine Eva=Howel ap Twna Rhys ap Gwillim of Hendre Vor- ap Ieuan Lbyd. vydd. Thomas of Vairdre=j=Lowry, d. of John Wyn ap Elisxu of Bryntanger, des. I from Osborn Fitzgerald. Hugh of Vairdref Margaret, d. of Griff, ap Robert ap Griffith ap Rhys of I Maesmor. Hugh of VairdreT=Jane, d. of Piers ap Robert Wyn of Maesmor. Richard of Vairdre=r=Martha, d. of Rich. Evers of Co. Warwick, by Frances, d of Johu Vulpe, M.D. Catherine, d. of=f=Hugh of Vairdre was=pDorothy, d. of John ap Ieuan of Rya of a Major for King Llangedwyn, | Charles I. ap Howel of Llandrillo. Richard of Vairdre=r=. . . d. and heir of Robert Thomas Martha Jane Mary I of Rhandir, Llansilin par. Thomas of Rhandir, bur. Oswe8try=fSina, d. of Griffiths Parry of Oswestry, gent. 3 March, 1731. I Robert of Rhandir^. Robert Lloyd of Swanhill, E«j. Mayor of Oswestry J 70 1. Will dated 15 Sep., 1791. D. 5 April, 1793, aged 72, bur. Oswestry. Sarah, d. of Robert Powell of Lloran IsHtt, Co. Denbigh, died 19 Aug., 1790, aged 59, bur, Oswestry. Robert Lloyd of Swanhill High Sheriff Merioneth 11 Feb., 1795-6, Mayor Oswestry 1793, d. 3 Oct. 1803, bur. Oswestry. Will dated 9 June, 1798 prov. 2 Dec, 1803. Robert Powell Lloyd u. 11 March, 1769, aged 5, try. bur. Oswes- Jane, d. and coheir of Richard Williams (who died 1759), of Penbedw, Esq., by his 3rd wife Annabella, d. and heir of Charles Lloyd of Drouewydd Esq. (She was bap. Whit- tington, 28 Aug., 1722, and married there 5 May, 1741. Her father, Charles Lloyd, was bur. there 26 January, 1749). Edward Gatacre of Gatacre, mar.=pMary Pitchford. Quat, 6 Oct., 1763. b I 322 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. Kobert Watkin Lloyd Capt. Major- General Gwynne's Reg. Ca- valry. Died at Port au Prince, S. Domin- go, 20 June, 1794, uged 17- Annabella,mar. Selat-: tyn, 21 March, 1805, d. 8 Feb., 1817, aged 41. 6J :Edward Gatacre of Gatacre, in par. Claverley, Co. Salop, bap. 17 April, 1768, atQuat Church. Jane (youngest dau.), mar.— John Wynne Eyton fcelattyu, 14 April, 1314,d.s.p. of Leeswood, Co. Flint. Edward Lloyd Gatacrc^Jessie, 2nd d bap. nt Selattyn, 7 Feb,, 1800, mar. in 18.S8. William Forbes, Esq., M.P., of Cullendar, Co. Stirling, d. 1878. Annabella Gatacre, bap. at Selattyn, 8 Feb., 1809. Edward Lloyd Gatacre, b. 1839. MOUNT SION. For the third and last time in this history John Felton, brazier, appears upon the scene. He had, as we have seen, exchanged lands in Selattyn with Robert Lloyd in 174 4 ; and sold to James Turner of Oldport three parcels of land called Ty yn wlado, in that parish. He now sells "all that Messuage or tenement then called the Upper House, and several pieces of land belonging thereto, with the appurtenances . . , lying and being in the Township of Porkington, in the parish of Sylattyn in Co. Salop . . . then in possession of Thomas Moreton his assignes or undertenants," to Thomas Edwards, Clerk in or shortly before 1757. By an Indenture dated 27 July, 1757, Thomas Edwards, Clerk, mortgages the Upper House and the lands belonging to it to Elizabeth Oldham of the Parish of St. James, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, widow, for 800 years for a sum of £450, subject to redemption by him and his heirs. He marries her daughter Mary Oldham, and in 1769 or 1770 Mrs. Oldham dies and leaves the mortgage to ill ones. It states that his mother Mary Jones devised her estate to her three younger children, and that by the death of the youngest daughter Mary (who died in- testate) he, Pryce Jones, became entitled to her third part or share in the estate of Mount Pleasant, but that he " from goodwill and affection towards his brother and sister, and for the augmentation of their fortunes hath consented and agreed to give, grant and convey his third part or share of the said estate to them, the said Matthew Jones and Margaret Jones and their heirs." He also gives to them his share in lands lying in the Township of Tredderwen, Rheteskin,1 and the Boat- house tenement, all in the parish of Guilsfield, and land in Llandrinio parish, Co. Montgomery. In 1802, Margaret Jones married the Vicar of Llanfair Caereinion, the Rev. Evan Lewis.2 Their settlements are dated 28th and 29th Sept. of that year. There is an Indenture of Lease and Release dated 23 and 24 Dec, 1812, by which of Cyffronydd (trustee of the settlements made previous to the marriage of the Rev. Evan Lewis and Margaret Jones, spinster, in 1802), agrees as trustee for the sale of the moiety or share of Margaret Jones, now /y in her mother's estate ^s4f y£~ / of Mount Pleasant /OtUTj^_ ^^Z^-^/^and the lands in Jr Guilsfield, to her " brother Matthew Jones, for the sum of JC4,400. i i.e., Rhydesgyn. '* Vicar of Uanlair Cuoroinion 1800-1827. j i L 338 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. It states that Mount Pleasant " was late in the occupacion of Miss Mary Vaughan Davies, afterwards of John Hunt, Esq., and then of Matthew Jones." Two years later Matthew Jones was declared a bankrupt, and Mount Pleasant again changed hands. He died in or before 1824. The Pryces of Cyfronydd are an ancient family, the present owner Athelstane Robert Pryce, is said to be twenty-seventh in male descent from Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, whose Arms they bear. Arms : 1 and 4, Or. a lion ramp, gules, armed and lang. or. 2 and 3, Arg. 3 Bears pattes. prop. Their early pedigree will be found in Her. Visit. Wales, vol. i.} p. 293. The following dates from the purchase of Mount Pleasant. Matthew Jones of Cyfronydd: =Mary, bought Mount Pleasant, Sep. 1790. Will dated 15 Oct., 1796, prov. P.C.C. 27 May, 1797. Pryce Jones: d. 1858. Jane, d. and heir cf John Davies of Aberllefenny, Co.Merioneth I I Matthew Margaret-" Jones.Banker mar. at Welshpool, Sept., d. before Nov., 1802. 1824. :Evan Lewis Vicar of Llanfair Caereinion 1800-1827. Mary, died 1797, bur. Castle Caer- einion. Robert Davies Jones (who took the name of Pryce)= born 25 Dec, 1819, mor. 1849, High SherifF Merioneth 1849, Lord Lt. Merioneth, 1884-1891 died Aug. 21, 1891, bur. at Castle Caereinion. =Jane, d. of St. John Chiver- ton Charlton of Apley Castle, Esq. Athelstane Robert Pryce, born 1850. On 21 October, 1814, a Commission of Bankruptcy was awarded in his Majesty's Court of Exchequer against John Mytton, Matthew Jones, and Price Glynne Mytton of Welshpool, " who followed the Trade and Business of Bankers and Partners," for that they " did become indebted unto Thomas Worthington of Buttington Hall, Co. Montgomery, gent., in JC190 and upwards." SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 339 The estate of Matthew Jones was then held in trust by Sir Arthur Davies Owen of Glansevern, Co. Mont- gomery, Kt. , for the benefit of the creditors of the said Matt. Jones. On 2 November, 1814, Sir Arthur bargains and sells all the Freehold Messuages, etc., of Matthew Jones in Co. Montgomery and Co. Salop, to Richard Edmunds of Chancery Lane, Richard Pryce of Gunley, Co. Mont- gomery, and George Gould of Golfa, Co. Montgomery, their heirs and assignes. On 17th and 18th May, 1819, there is a Lease and Release in five parts, between R. Edmunds, R. Pryce, and G. Gould (assignees of the estate of Matt. Jones, Bankrupt) , of the first part, David Jameson of Oswestry, Shopkeeper (executor of the will of William Jameson, dec), of the second part, Thomas Parry Jones Parry of Madryn, Co. Carnarvon, of the third part, the Rev. John Parry Jones Parry of Madryn, Clerk, of the fourth part, and John Evans of Carnarvon, gent., of the fifth part. This purports to be a Release to the said Thomas. Parry Jones Parry of Mount Pleasant, and an "Assignment of 500 years in trust to attend the inheritance." It informs us that " Mount Pleasant was late in the occupation of Richard Puleston, Esq." Selattyn Register records the baptism of two of his children. "Phillip John, the son of Richard and Elizabeth Puleston of Mount Pleasant, gent., bap. 20 August, 1817," and " William Roger, the son of Richard and Elizabeth Puleston of Mount Pleasant, gent., born 4 August, bap. 5 Sep., 1819." There is a tl Deed of Covenant for the production of the Title Deeds relating to Matt. Jones' Bankrupt's estate," dated 27 July, 1819. The Arms of Thomas Parry J ones Parry are — Arms : 1st and 4th Erm. Lion ramp, sable, arm and lany gu. for Jones. 340 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 2nd and 3rd Vert, a stag trippant prop, for Parry. He was the second son of John Jones of Llwyn On,1 Co. Denbigh. John Jones of Llwyn On=f=Catherine, d. of Love Tarry of Penarth and Rhydolion, Co. Carnarvon, M.P. >ln John Parry = Penelope Jones d.s.p. Steed. Thos. Parry Jones Parry =j= Margaret, b. 1783, d. 7 Feb., of Llwyn On and Mad ryn (jure uxoris), mar. 9th Feb., 1780, his cousin, when he assu- med the nameand arms of Parry, died 13 Jan., 1835. 1830, eld. d. and coheir of Love Parry of Penarth, Rhydolion, and Wernfawr, by Sidney (heiress of Mad- ryn),2 d. and coheir of Rev. Robert Lewys of LlysDulas, Chancellor of Bangor. Love Parry Jones, Lt.-Col. 2 Reg. Ft.=Ricarda, d. of Dr. Wetherall. Lt.-Qeul. Sir Love=r=Eliz., d. and heir Parry Jones Parry, K.H.ofMadryn.b. 1781, d. 1853. of Thomas Culdo- cot of Holton Hall, Co. Lincoln, Esq. Thomas Parry Jones: Parry of Llwyn On, d. 1845. :Margarot Hooper, d. and heir of Vice-Admiral Rob Lloyd of Tregayan Co. Anglesea. Thomas Love Duncombe Thomas Parry Jones- Jones Parry, b. 1832. Parry b. 1828, mar. 1863. Lucie Marie, eld. d. James Oldham Swettenhain, Esq. four years later on, " agrees to sell all that Messuage .... of Mount Pleasant, now in the tenure 1 Uiit. Poxvis Fadog, vol. 11. a G rutty d Mactryn was High Sheriff Carnarvon 1633 His grandson William sold the Madryn Estate, in par. Llandudwen, Co. Carnarvon (See Her. Visit. Walet, vol. ii. p. 177). SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. 341 and occupation of Arthur Nonely Davenport," to Esq. for the sum of £2,100. The articles of agreement are dated 23 Oct., 1823. The indenture of Lease and Release between Thos. Parry Jones Parry, Esq., of the first part, Win. Ormsby Gore, Esq., of the second part, and Edmund Hopkinson of the third part, are dated 1 and 2 Sept., 1824. They say that "Mount Pleasant Farm, together with the several pieces of land thereto belonging, contains by a late admeasurement thereof 16 acres, 2 roods, and 35 perches," and that it was occupied heretofore by Edward Jenkins, Esq., afterwards of his widow, then of Richard Puleston, Esq., and now of late that it was in the possession of Thos. Parry Jones Parry, Esq. There is a Map with a measurement of the lands of Mount Pleasant made in 1814, which gives the total quantity as IGa. lr. 22p.; the later measurement of Sept., 1824, is probably more accurate. R. P. House Offices, Fold, Garden, Plantation and Approach to the House The Lawn .... Upper Close Field beyond Garden Plantation .... 31 21 1 3 7 1 2 2 2G 4 2 13 0 0 24 16 2 3 Since the time of Matthew Jones of Cyfronydd, Mount Pleasant has always been let, except from 1859- 70, when it was occupied by John Ralph Ormsby Gore, Esq., M.P. for North Shropshire. 342 SELATTYN : A HISTORY OF THE PARISH. The title deeds have supplied us with the names of some of the tenants. Since then there have been others, amongst whom I may mention Thomas Longue- ville, Esq., of Penylan, D. Neilson, Esq., and Col. Arkwright. The house has been enlarged several times by the present owners. . 343 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. With Introduction by the Rev. W. G. D. FLETCHER, M.A., F.S.A. (Continued from 2nd Series, Vol IV., page 338 j. ■ Purslow Hundred is the third of the Hundreds named in this, the earliest of the Shropshire Lay Subsidy Rolls, those occurring before it being the Hundreds of Bradford and Munsiow, and those after it, in the order in which they occur, being the Hundreds of Chirbury, Ford, Condover, PimhiJl, Brimstree, Stoddesden, and Overs, and the Towns of Shrewsbury and Bridgnorth with their Liberties. It will be noticed that the modern Hundreds of Oswestry, Clun, and Albrighton are not given in this Roll. The places in Albrighton Hundred were mostly included in that of Pimhill in 1327. Why Oswestry Hundred (Mersete in Domesday) is omitted is not clear, unless it were then, as was certainly the case at an earlier date, " exempt from English law." And there seems to be no reason for the omission of Clun Hundred The Hundred of Purslow was formed in the reign of Henry I., out of the Hundreds of Rinlau, Lenteurde, and Conodovre. Most of its manors and places were taken out of the Domesday Hundred of Rinlau ; seven, namely Bedstone, Bucknell, Cheney Longville, Wool- ston, and parts of Wistanstow and Clungunford, out of the Hundred of Lenteurde ; and one, Ratlinghope, out of the Hundred of Conodovre. On the whole, Purslow Hundred may be said to fairly represent the Domesday Hundred of Rinlau ; but at the re-arrangement of the Shropshire Hundreds in Henry I.'s reign, Clun and Vol. V., 2nd S, Rl1 344 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY Obley, both in Rinlau, were annexed to Clun Hundred, and Gatten, a member of Wentnor, was annexed to Ford. The caput, or place for the periodical assemblage of the Hundred-Court, was at Purslow, in the parish of Clunbury, a place which is not even now a township, It is noticeable that Dinmore, Bedstone, Bettws, Hopesay, and Wistanstow, all in the modern Hundred of Purslow, are not named in the Subsidy Roll. Dinmore is extra-parochial. Wistanstow formerly belonged to St. Alkmund's, but that Church lost it, and it came to the Stapletons. The manorial position and state of Bettws-y-crwn and its townships was uncertain and liable to constant fluctuations. There seems to be no reason for the omission of Bedstone and Hopesay from the Subsidy ; indeed one of the members of Bedstone, Jay, which also appears to have been a hamlet of Leintwardine, was assessed to the Subsidy, and it is possible that Bedstone may be included under Jay. The whole of the additional matter relating to each place, and the notes relating to the persons named in the Roll, are, as before, entirely the work of Miss Auden. HUNDR' DE PUSSELQWE: CASTM EP'I. [Bishop's Castle.1 — This fortress, built to defend the Bishop of Hereford's Manor of Lydbury, was probably founded before 1127, by me of Bishop Betun's predeeessors. About the year 1150 Bishop Gilbert Foliot complained to the Pope that Bishop Betun had alien- ated the two Epieopal castles to the Earl of Mellent and Hugh de Mortimer to the great disadvantage of the Church of Hereford, and later on he complained to Henry II. that Hugh de Mortimer with- held from him by force his town of Ledbury. In 1255, Bishop's Castle and Snellescroft were estimated as one hide, and there were three principal tenants. In 12G2, the then Bishop of Hereford, Peter de Aqua Blanca, wrote to Henry III. to point out the troubled state of the Marches. The Welsh had devastated the Herefordshire marches, and though the Bishop had put Hereford Castle in a state i Eyton xi. 203. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 345 of defence, he needed at least forty of the King's horse soldiers, trusty and zealous, to whose commander the keys of the City might be entrusted. The king answered this and similar appeals by sum- moning Prince Edward from abroad to take his position as a Baron Marcher. In April, 1263, the Prince was at Shrewsbury, writing to his father to order the Bishop of Hereford to take up his abode at the Castle of Ledesbiry North for the better defence of the March in those parts. Three months later, Bishop's Castle was stormed by John fitz Alan, Lord of Arundel. The Constable was slain and the Baron retained possession for 1G weeks, during which time he wrought havoc in the whole manor. In the castle were thirteen oxen, two waggons, two carts, and one white mare, and thirty-two horse loads of corn. In the Grange was the produce of the work of two ox-teams in the previous year, and in the fields were crops ready for the sickle. In the Castle armoury were six hauberks, six chapels-de-fer, six balistae with their bander el Is, and other arms, including an iron surcoat belonging to the Bishop himself. In the stable was the Constable's horse. These things were valued at 200 merks. The damage to houses and build- ings at Lydbury and at the Castle, and of timber which lay behind the Castle, was estimated at 200 merks more, and the woods destroyed were worth 100 marks. Six years' revenues of the Manor were estimated at 5 GO merks, and thus the whole damage done by John fitz Alan was put at 1,060 merks. This seems, however, never to have been settled, as the Record appears in Bishop Swinfield Register some twenty-five years later. In 127G, Bishop Cantilupe wrote to the Dean of Pontesbury that " certain sons of iniquity had molested the men of his Castle of Lcdebury North, in the pasture and wood of Astivode, killing one of their horses, and that the Dean was to take with him certain Vicars and Chaplains, and excommunicate the offenders in all the neighbour- ing churches." In 1290, Bishop Swinfield spent the Rogation Days and Ascension Day in his Castle here, but the Record mentions little beyond particulars of the fare of the Bishop and his suite. The Church of Bishop's Castle was a chapelry of Lydbury North, but the patrons of the latter were apparently bound to provide it with a separate vicar. Geoffrey Kyde was vicar in 1362. He may have been of the family of Stephen Kyde.] s d s d Ph'o Rowland ... St'ph'o Kyde ... Joh'o Daykyn ... xiijob'q11 Joh'e de Fretbe ... Henr de Gloucestr' xv Ph'onTLowelym' Will'o Daykyn Ric'o fil' St'ph'i Regin' de Wych' Will'o Valk xmjq' XIX X p'b' Sma xvij8 vj" u 346 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY CLONGONEFORD. [Clungunford.2 — This manor was in 1086 in the Hundred of Lcntcurde, not like the greater part of the present Purslow Hundred in that of Rinlau. It takes its name from its Saxon lord Gimward, who was also lord of Choulton, and of the land where Wigmorc Castle was afterwards built. At the Conquest this manor was divided, Earl Roger giving three parts to Picot de Say, and one part to Ilainald the Sheriff of Shropshire, but in 1085 both parts were held by the same tenant, Fulco. llainald's portion became annexed to Munslow Hundred, while that of De Say, probably consisting of Clungunford, Abcott and Rowton, were in Purslow Hundred. In 11G5, Clungunford was held under the Fitz Alans by Simon do Hauberdyn, as a knight's fee of new enfeoffment in the Barony of Clun. He was followed by a second Simon, who is mentioned in 1233 as a Justiciar. He was dead in 1255, leaving an infant heir in the charge of Katharine de Lacy, probably the Prioress of Acornbury of that name. The services due on his tenure were suit of Clun Manor Court and of Purslow Hundred, and 20 days' ward at Clun Castle in in time of war of a mounted man-at-arms. In 1272, Roger de Hauberdyn held a knight's fee in Clungunford, Abcot and Rowton. Twenty years later, in 1292, Roger de Hauberdyn was a Coroner of Shropshire, and in 1316 and in 1346, a Roger de Hauberdyn was still lord of Clungunford. Roger de Hauberdyn also was priest of Clungunford from 1302 till after 1327. Walter de Huggeford has occurred before as holding property in other parts of Shropshire. Philip and William de Coston probably took their names from the neighbouring hamlet of Coston in the parish of Clunbury.] s d Rog' de Hauberdeyn iij xjo' Adam Oldape ... ij vj Ric'o le Graunger ... ij iiijqu Walt'o de Huggef ij xo' Adam hT St ph'i ... ij qu YValt'o le Fouler' ... iij iiijqu Ph'o de Costone ... xv s d Will'o Houwel' ... vjo'q11 Will'o Bercar ... viijqu s'bt' (Joh'ede Coston' xij ibid'mlHug' Dauyot' x p' Sma xxja iiijdo'qu LYTDEBUR'. [Lydbury North.3— This great manor of 18,000 acres was origin- ally given to the See of Hereford by a Saxon nobleman, Edwin Shakehead, in the reign of King Offa, in gratitude for his cure wrought at the Shrine of St. Ethelbert. The Conquest brought no change to the Bishops in their Manor, the confiscation of which is due to Queen Elizabeth. 2 Ey ton xi. 2(J7. 3 Eyton xi. 194. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 347 Lydbury North is so called to distinguish it from another manor of the Bishops, south of Hereford, now spelt Ledbury. Bishop Bctun (1131-1148) gave the Advowson of Lydbury North to the Canons of Shobdon, afterwards of Wigmore, who retained it till the Reformation. In 1167, Geoffrey de Vere was Custos of the Manor and of the Bishop's Castle, for which he received a salary of .£21. In 1223, Henry III. allowed Bishop Hugh Foliot to summon all the knights and tenants of his fee to Lydbury North to defend the bishop's castle and lands there against his and the king's enemies, and in 122G, the king visited Lydbury on his way from Leominster to Shrewsbury. In 1241, Bishop Peter obtained a Charter of Free Warren for Ledbury North, and Ledbury sub Malvern, ana in 1249, a charter for a weekly market on Fridays, and a yearly fair on the eve, day, and morrow of the decollation of St. John the Baptist, in his manor of Lydbury North. In 1255, the manor was stated to be out of the Sheriff's jurisdiction. The vill of Lydbury itself was estimated at two-thirds of a hide, partly held in demesne by the Bishop, and partly in the hands of six tenants. In 1278, a formal perambulation of the boundaries between the manors of Wentnor and of Lydbury was made by eight belted knights and four freemen. This was objected to as not being completely composed of knights, and a second was made later in the year, this time by 13 knights. The boundary then fixed began "at the rivulet of JJassebrok, thence up to Wistanesbach, through the middle of Prestejorfeing ; and up from Alwynemor, through the middle of Wistant sbache, going up straight to the King's road on La Longe- munede." In 1291, the Bishop received £15 6s. 4d. as his annual receipts from Bishop's Castle and Lydbury North, including 3s. for a dove-cote and a garden at the former, and .£1 10s. Od. for the mill at Brocton. In 1535, his receipts were .£51 lis. 9|d., including £10 form of the tolls of Bisliop's Castle, and manorial perquisites from Astwood, Sadley, Bishop's Castle, and Lydbury. The family of De Walcot held the estate of that name under the Bishops of Hereford. The earliest mention of a member of it is in 1221, when William de Walcot was security for his neighbour, Grent de Middleton. In 1255, Roger de Walcot held a quarter of a hide in Walcot by a rent of 8s. to the Bishop, by doing suit at the Manor Court, and by doing twenty days' ward at Bisliop's Castle in war time by one man-at-arms, armed with a bow and two arrows, and main- tained during his time of service by the Bishop. Roger de Walcot appears as Juror in several inquests about this date, and was probably living in 1270. In 1283, John, son of Philip de Walcot, occurs in connection with land at Walcot, and in 1316, John de Walcot was lord of the vill. Roger de Toderton and John de Eyton took their names from Totterton and Eyton in the parish of Lydbury. 348 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY Philip Rede may be of the same family as Richard Rude, a tenant of Lydbury in 1255.] s d s d Adam de Walcot' ij iiij Ph'o Roberd xjj Dauid de Walcot' xv Will'o de Walcot' ... xvj Kog' IVuayl ... ixo' s'bt' J Will'o de Felde x Rog' de Toderton' xvij ibid'm ( Thom'le Tayllour' x Joh'e de Eyton'... ix Henr' de Walcot' xiij p' Sma xij8 ijd Ph'o Rede ... vijo' : LYDOM. [Lydiiam.4 — This was among the estates of the Saxon Edric Syvaticus, and was after the conquest retained in demesne by Earl Roger. After the forfeiture of Earl Robert de Belesme, Lydham was annexed by Henry I. to the Honour of Montgomery with the exception of one of its members, More, which had been given to the family of that name. Baldwin de Boulers, lord of Montgomery, held Lydham in the 12th century, and it passed early in the 13th to William do Cantilupe, but on the death of his grandson about 1254, it was ferined for the King by Peter, Bishop of Hereford. In 12G5 the manor was granted to Adam de Montgomery, who, in 12G7, obtained a charter for a weekly market on Friday at Lydham, and two annual fairs of 4 days each, viz. the eve, day and two days following, the feast of St. Philip and St. James, and the feast of St. Mary Magdalene. In another charter of 1270, whereby Lydham was made a free borough with a right to erect a gallows, the market was said to be on Wednesdays, and the fairs on the 4 days at the feast of St. Ethelbcrt (May 20) and of St. Michael in monte tumbd (Oct. 16) but in 1272, tho Jurors for Purslow Hundred report that Sir Adam de Montgomery had recently set up a market on Friday and an annual fair on St. Mary Magdalene's day. Adam de Montgomery was succeeded in 1290 by his son Thomas, who gave (or sold) Lydham to Roger de la More of More, and Alice his wife, his stepmother, Isabella, retaining one third in dower This Isabella, the Sybil of the Subsidy Roll, was heiress of theDe Constantines of Oldbury, Fitz, Eaton Constantine, and Sandford. This alienation of Lydham was held invalid as not fully sanctioned by the King, and in 131G, apparently Thomas de Montgomery was still nominally lord, unless " Thomas de Lydoun " may refer to Thomas de Lee of the Subsidy Roll. Eventually Lydham passed to the Charltons, Barons of Powys. William de Newton occurs on an inquest in 1283. Ho took his namo from Newton in this parish, which had apparently been held by his father beforo him. Margery tho widow may have been * Eyton xi. 275. Ill SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 349 Margery, widow of William le Fleming and sister of John de Minton, who about 1295, gave her land at Whitcott in Norbury parish, to her daughter Joan. Gadugan de la Lee in 1255 held Lea near Bishop's Castle by service of -10 days' Castle-guard of a man-at-arms equipped with bow and arrows, and 20s. rent to the Bishop. The Cadugan of tho Subsidy Roll was probably his descendant.] s (1 s d Sibill'de Monte Gomery xviij Thorn' de Northbur' ... xj Thorn' de Lee .. xiiij Cadugan de Lee ... vj Ph'o do Eytone ... xvj Thorn' Peye... ... viij Will'o de Norton ... xiiij Will'o Bercar' .. x Marg' Vidua ... xvij Joh'e Welym ... x MORE. [More.5 — This manor seems to have been taken from Lydham by Henry I. and exalted into a tenure by (hand Serjeantry. This Serjeantry was endowed also with estates at Wittintre near Chirbury, and at Stanton Long, and was held by the service of "assuming, as Constable of the King's host, the command of 200 foot soldiers when- ever any King of England crossed the Welsh Border in hostile array. The said Constable was to march in the vanguard of the army, and with his own hands to carry the King's standard." Adam de la More was head of the family in the middle of the 12th century. He was dead before 1180, and was succeeded by his son, probably William by name, and he by his son Roger. In 1211, Roger de la More is mentioned as a commander of infantry in the King's army in Wales, whose pay was 12d. a day (twice the usual pay of a knight.) In the time of King John, Roger de la More suffered forfeiture and imprison- mment, but was released on payment of a fine of 15 merks. Possibly to obtain the money for this fine he alienated some of the lands of his serjeantry, an illegal proceeding, for which his descendants suffered. In 1227, his estate was valued at two merks per annum. A second Roger de la More occurs in 124G. In 1254, Roger was dead, and succeeded by a son of the same name, who died in 12G0, leaving an infant heir, also named Roger. This Roger, with Alice his wife, were concerned in the invalid purchase of Lydham, already mentioned. He died in 1295, and was succeeded by his son William, the William de Mora of the Subsidy Roll. In 1295, the estates were valued at £5 4s. 6d. including a messuage with curtilage and gardens, and a water mill. Madoc ap Eynon was possibly a descendant of one Eynon, who with his brother Jarworth was fined in 1221, for unjustly seizing wood and pasture land in More. William de Mucklewick took his name from a township in His- sington parish on the Montgomeryshire border.] » Eyton xi. 283, 350 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY WilPo de Mora ... xx Will'o Adam ... viij Madoco ap Eynonn ... x Will'o de Mokelwyk' ... viij Marg' vidua .. . ... xiiij WilFo Meyller ... viij Youan atte Bent ... viij s'bt' ( Will'o Vaghan xij Walt'o Carectar ... ix ibid'm \ Ph'o le Lepar' x Walt'o Hager ... viij Joh'e Wylliames ... vij p'b' Sma xxj8 iiijd Ric'o Yanes . . . ... x LEE. [Lee,6 Parish of Bishop's Castle. — This member of the manor of Lydbury North was early held by tenants taking their names from this estate. In 1255, it was held by Cadugan de la Lee. The Christian name of Philip occurs in this neighbourhood in the Plowden family and in that of the Walcots. Traces of the early stronghold at Lea are still to be found incor- porated in the modern farmhouse there.] s d s d Ph'o de Lee ... xiijo' Ph'o de Etone ... vij Matill' de Lee ... xj Ph'o Wronow ... ix OKLEYE. [Oakley,7 Parish of Bishop's Castle.— This member of Lydbury was held in 1255, by William fitz Roger and Madoc fitz Llewellyn as one fifth of a hide, at a rent of 2s. 8d. to the Bishop. Stephen de Aclcy, who occurs in connection with Plowden in 1203, possibly took his name from here, and may have been the ancestor of the later lords of Oakley. A Philip de Walcot is mentioned in 1283 in connection with land at WalcOt settled upon John his son, and his wife Isolda.] s d s d Joh'a de Okleye ... xviij Nich'o Piscatore ... ix Isolda de Hey tone xviij Will'o ap Atha ... vjo' Itic'o fil' Joh'is ... vjo* Ph'o de Walcot' ... xviij Alio' Uolict' Will'i viij LYNLEYE. [Linley,8 Parish of More. — This member of Lydbury was given before 1155, by Gilbert Foliot, Bishop of Hereford, to Grenta fitz Leuewine of Middleton near Chirbury, by service of a man-at-arms for 10 days at his own cost at the Castle of Lydbury. Probably Grenta in turn bestowed it on the Abbey of Haughmdnd, as in 1174, IS v ton xi. 223. 7 Eyton xi. 222. 8 Eyton xi. 207, SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 351 certain persons then in possession were judicially compelled to sur- render it to the Abbey. About this date the Canons of Haughuiond obtained a charter in confirmation of their rights from Bishop Robert Foliot, and a further confirmation from the Dean and Chapter of Hereford of their estate here, and of the churches of South Stoke (Stoke Say) and of Stitt. For the next 50 years or more the Canons consolidated their estate at Linley by various grants. About 1216, Madoc de Overs, lord of Overs and Mucklewick, granted Little Radley Wood, together with his body, to Haughmond Abbey, and this gift was confirmed by his seven sons, who all bore Welsh names. In 1 255, the Abbot held Linley under the Rishop of Hereford by a service and 20s. and suit to the Castle Court. A few years later Little Radley Wood had been seized by Hamo lo Strange, Custos of Montgomery Castle, but was restored by order of the King. In 1291, the Abbot received <£4 from Linley, including £2 of yearly rent and the profits of a Mill. In the same year a dispute witli the Prior of Chirbury and others as to common pasture at Little Radley was settled in favour of the Abbot. In 1309, there had been another matter in dispute, between Simon de Langeton, Rector of the Church of More, and the Abbot of Haughmond, when the Rector agreed that the Abbot might have tithes of 2 J acres in Abbot's marsh, the remaining tithes of Abbots marsh to be equally divided. The tithes of Abbots-Stocking were to be the Abbot's, except of a place called Lynacre, the tithes of which remained to the Rector. The Abbot's mill was to be tithe free, but the assorts newly made in Linley wood were to be tithed by the Rector. At the dissolution of monasteries, the Abbot of Haughmond received £7 3s. from Linley, and paid William Adams, his bailiff there, 30s. per annum.] s d s d Walt'o fil' Joh'is... viij Jul' vidua ... xo'qu Hug' Partrich' ... xiiijqu s'bt' f Ilug'de Okleye x Rog' Bercar' ... xvijo'qu ibid'm \ Will'o fil' Rog'i x Will'o Bonde ... xiiijo'q" Rog' fil' Will'i ... yj Ric'o lo Tayllour xiiij p'b' Sma xix8 xdo'qu Ric'o Crede ... vijo'qu SIBBETON. [Sibdon.9 — This was at Domesday a manor of Picot de Say. In Saxon times it had belonged to a franklin, Suen (Sweyn), by name. At the close of the 11th century, Picot gave two-thirds of the tithes of Sibdon to Shrewsbury Abbey. The then already existing Chapel of Sibdon passed in the 12th century as a chapelry of Clun to the Monks of Wcnlock, and hence arose a dispute between the Monasteries which was finally decided in 1234. Picot held the manor in demesne, 9 Eyton xi. 268. Y©1. V., 2nd Sr ss H I 352 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY but before 1135 it was granted to a Feoffee. In 1165, Henry do Sibbeton held it as a knight's fee. In 1225, Roger de Sibbctou it among the witnesses to a deed to Shrewsbury Abbey, concerning Oswestry Church, his family apparently having an interest in Aston, near Oswestry. He also attests a Linley deed about this date. In 1231, Henry de Sibbiton appears in a matter relating to the jurisdiction of the Long Forest. He held Sibdon in 1210, and ho may be the " Henry Knox, Lord of Sibbeton," who re-endowed the chapel there, giving to it three nokes of land out of his own demesne. Tho Vicar of Clunbury was at the beginning of the 14th century Chaplain of Sibdon, and it was complained that he only gave Divine Service at Clunbury on Sundays, while he officiated at Sibdon three days in tho week. In 1255, Henry de Sibdon was dead, leaving an infant son, Roger, who was then in ward of his stepfather, Roger Bardolf. The manor was then held by service of doing one knight's ward at Chin Castle for 40 days in war time. Roger de Sibdon appears frequently between 120*2 and 1283. He had an interest under the Fitz Alans in land at Hisland and Aston, near Oswestry. In 1272, he is mentioned as holding a knight's fee, but being not a knight, but in 1281, he witnesses a Stokcsay deed as Sir Roger do Sibdon. John de Sibdon, his successor, was in 1294, among the knights in company with Richard, Earl of Arundel at Haughmond Abbey. He was succeeded by his son, the William of the Subsidy Roll. Members of the family of Le Theyn occur in connection with Broome, a township held partly by the Lords of Sibdon.] s d s d Will'o de Sibbeton iij Will'o fir Gilb'ti ... xij WiU'o lo Theyn ... x xij Joh'e fiP Joh'is ... xv Rico le Theyn ... ij Pb'o fil' Will'i ... xij Henr' Deret' ... ij EGGEDONE. [Edoton.10 — This manor, like Sibdon, was held in Saxon times by Swcyn, and 1087 by Picot de Say. In 1165, it was in the hands of Co-parceners, Henry fitz Hameline, and Nicholas de St. Lawrence. In 1236, the senior co-parcener of Edgton was Henry fitz William, tho junior, Nicholas de Egedon. About 1250, these two agreed to a division of one of the common woods of Edgton. Among the boundaries of the divided wood were tho road called Rugeway ; the fork of the said road ; the old Castle ; a certain rivulet ; and tho river Oney. The pasturage of the wood was still to be common to both, except in mast-time (Sep. 29 to Feb. 2). The witnesses to this deed are Thomas do Roshale, Roger English, Walter do Hopton, John de Say, Roger de la More, and (Jilbert de Bnekenhiile. In 1255, *° Eyton xi. 260. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 353 Edgton seems to have been held by service of one knight or 2 men- at-arms in ward for 40 days at Clun Castle in time of war, but by what co-parceners the record is not clear. About this time Nicholas de Edgton had demised his share of the manor to Henry de Wakelin who appears in a dispute with Prior of Wenlock as to the Advowson of Edgton Chapel. In 1272, Philip de Edgton, under the Fitz Alans, held half Edgton, half Woolston, and half Brunslow as half-a-knight's fee. About this date he sold to Roger, son of John fitz Alan a plot of land in Edgton wood lying between the ditch called Brochtdleheld, and the water called Oney, having among its boundaries the mill of Porteford, going up to the corner of a little old Castle, and thence to the twisted oak, which was the landmark between Philip's wood and that of [Nicholas'de Edgton. Philip was succeeded by a son Richard, who, early in the 14th century, gave all his possessions in Edgton tc William de Wynnesbury. Henry de Wakelin's interest in the manor was^only temporary, as Nicholas de Edgton's son, John, held half Edgton, Woolston, and Brunslow in 1272, and who was succeeded by a son, William, who appears in the Nomina Villarum of 1316 as the only lord of Edgton. In 1331, John de Edgton and Nicholas'de Wynnes- bury were co-parceners in the manor. The family of Russell seems to have been of Brunslow. William Russell is witness of a deed of about 1285. John, son of John, son of John of Edgton occurs in*1349.] s d s d Joh'e Eyenonn ... xvj Rog' Tyrkyn ... xv Rog' fil Herbert' ... xiiij s'bt' /Ric'o de Sibbeton' x Joh'e fil' Herberti ... x ibid'm\Ph'o Elkyn ... viij Ric'o Russel ... xij Will'o le Heir ... xv p' Sma xxj8 viijd Joh'e fil' Joh'is ... xv NORTHBUR'. [Norbury.11 — This member of Lydbury North, was held b^ co-parceners as early as the 13th century. In the beginning of that century it was in the hands of three co-heiresses, Celestria, wife of Robert de Norbury, Alice, wife of Roger Purcel, and Margery, wife of William de Whitcott. Of these co-parceners, Roger Purcell^was apparently of most mark; he was dead, however, in 1236, when William de Whitcott and Margery renounced their land in Norbury and in Hardwick to Alice his widow and to Robert de Norbury Jand Celestria. In 1255, his son Roger held two thirds of a hide in Norbury, Hardwick, and Bolle. He did suit to the Court of Bishop's Castle, and provided an equipped archer serving for 40 days in [time of war, at the Bishop's costs. Roger Purcel was also mesne-lord of Whitcote and Esthampton. 11 Eyton xi. 214. 354 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY He was succeeded by Thomas Purcel, who was dead in 1272, leaving a son under age, John Purcel. He and his wife Wymarca occur in connection with Diddlcbury, where they had some property. There was a contemporary John Purcel, who was of Acton Scott and Aldon. William Purcel of the Subsidy Roll may have been a son of John and Wymarca, or he may have been of a younger branch of the family, who held land here under the elder. The other third of Norbury and Hardwick was held in 1255 by Celestria, widow of Robert de Norbury. She was followed by her son Roger, and he, apparently, was represented in 1295 by Philip de Norbury, who in 1300 sold a messuage, two virgates and 3s. rent in Norbury to John Purcel and Wymarca his wife. Eynon de Whitcott took his name from a hamlet in Norbury parish.] s d s d Joh'e fil' Madoci ... xviij WiU'o Puacel ... xviij Eynone de Whytecot' xvij Will'o de Hope ... xv Isolda vidua ... xviij Joh'e de kynggesheni'd xij Tkoin' fiT Regin' ... xvj Ph'o fil' Madoci ... xiiij BURGH'TON. [Broughton,12 Parish of Bishop's Castle. — Upper and Lower Broughton were held by the Bishop of Hereford, with Aston, origin- ally a member of Montgomery, but more than once 'the title was called in question. In 1255, the joint manor was estimated as one hide, and was held under the Bishop by 7 tenants, mostly of Welsh race, by their names. In 1292, the chief tenant here was Walter de Brohton, who is entered in 1316 as lord of the vill. His property in 1305 apparently consisted of 5 messuages, 60 acres of arable land, and 12 of meadow, 60 acres of bosc and 12s. annual rent in Broughton.] s d s d Walt'o de Burghton' ij j s'bt' (Joh'e de Hey me x Ph'o le Lesshe ... xvo' ibid'mVYarof' de Burgh'ton x Will'o fil' Honr' ... xijq" Dauid hi' Ric'i ... ix p' Sma xvij8 xjdo'qu Howelo Dun ... vj JAYE. [Jay,13 Parish of Bedstone. — This was in early days in the hundred and parish of Lcintwardinc, though it was a member of the manor of Bedstone. It was held at Domesday by Picot de Say, whose tenant here was Fulco, the tenant of both parts of Clungunford. It had been held in Saxon times by Uluric, but in 1086, it was and had been waste. Unlike Clungunford, Jay and Bcckjay passed to tenants V2 Eyton xi. 224. 13 Eyton xi. 302. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327, 355 taking their name from Jay. An ancestor of Helias de Jay held this manor under the Baron of jClun, before 1135. In 1165, Helias de Jay was lord here. He was succeeded by Brian de Jay, whose daughter Edelina married William de Burley. Brian was succeeded by his elder son John, who in 1255 held one hide in Jay, Beckjay and Bedstone under John fitz Alan by service of one knight for 40 days in war-time at Clun Castle. John de Jay married a daughter of Gilbert de Bucknell, and several deeds are extant relating to trans- actions between him and his father-in-law. He was succeeded by a son, Walter de Jay, who held the manor in 1272, but was dead before 1283. He was followed by his son, the Thomas of the Subsidy Roll, who in 1313 presented his son Thomas de Jay, "having his first tonsure " to the Rectory of Bedstone. The last master of the English Knights Templars was Brian de Jay, probably a member of this family. John fitz Walter was possibly a son of Walter de Jay, settled near his old home.] s d s d Thorn' deJaye ... ij x Joh'e fir Thorn* xvijo'qu Walt'o Dynan ... xx Ric'o fiP Henr' ij o'qu Will'o de Eweledon' ij vjqu Joh'e fir Walt'i iij Pet°deBradef ... iij Johanne le Saltar' xiijo'qu BOKENHtfLL'. [Bucknell.14 — This was a divided manor at Domesday, part being held by William Pantulf under Earl Roger, and part, now in Hereford- shire, by Helgot, under Ralph de Mortimer. Elmer had been Saxon lord of the former, and Aluui of the latter portion. It was, like Jay, in the hundred of Lenteurde. William Pantulf s share, that portion of Bucknell 'now in Shropshire, passed at an early period to the Barony of Clun, and was held by a family taking their name from the manor, who in the 13th century became tenants of both portions. In 1221, Gilbert de Bucknell occurs, and in 1255 he held Bucknell under John fitz Alan by service of himself and a man-at-arms and horse at Clun Castle for 8 days in war-time at his own cost. He was a knight and a man of importance in his neighbourhood. He was dead before 1265, and succeeded by Walter de Bucknell, who by Royal charter had the right of free warren in Bucknell. In 1277, Sir Walter de Bucknell offered his personal service in the impending invasion of Wales to be discharged on behalf of John de Meryet of Meryet, Somersetshire. This apparently covered also his own responsibility for his Shropshire estates. In 1305, Sir AValter had been succeeded by his son Gilbert, who seems in 1327 to have been followed by Robert do Bucknell. This Robert of the Subsidy Roll is possibly tho same as that Robert de Bucknell, who with his wife 14 Eyton xi. 316. 356 THE SHROPSHILIE LAY Cecily, in 1310, sold three virgates of land and three messuages in Albright Hussey and Harlescot to the Abbey of Shrewsbnry. Richard and Walter de Bedstone took their name from the neigh bouring village. The Mynd and the Lye are still places in Bucknell1 parish.] s d s d Rob'to de Bokenhull iiij j , fWalt'o de Beode- VVill'o de la Legh'e xxiijo' \ ston ... x Ric'o de Beodeston' xviij 1Dia m IWalt'o de Legh'e x Wili'o de la Munede viij Wili'o Fabro ... viij Sma xxviij8 iij' TODERTON'. [Totterton,15 Parish of Lydbury North. — There is little known of this member of the Bishop of Hereford's manor of Lydbury. It was partly held by the Bishop in demesne. In 1255 it was in the hands of j four persons, apparently guardians of some minor who is not named, j Their service to the Bishop was that of a man at arms, equipped with bow and arrows to keep ward at the Bishop's Castle for forty days in time of war at the Bishop's expense. Phillip de Eyton took his name from the neighbouring hamlet of 1 Eyton.] s d s d Joh'e de Lydobur' xiijo' Joh'e fiF Will'i ... xixo' Wili'o fil'o Joh'is... xvj Rie'o fil* Ade ... xijo' Joh'e Braas .. xvjo' Ph'o de Eytone ... xxiij MUNEDE. [Myndtown.16 — This was at Domesday a manor of Picot de Say, and like Totterton, it was in the hundred of Rinlau. In 1086 it still retained its Saxon franklin, Leuric, as tenant under the Norman over- lord. Myndtown was later held with estates at Bucknell, Purslow, Broom, and Acton, as a single knight's fee under the Barons of Clun. In 1165, Osbert de Munede was one of the four tenants of this fee. In 1181, a man of the same name appears as an outlaw, whose chattels had been sold for 17s. 6d. In 1255, William de la Munede, apparently the second of that name held half a hide here, under the Fitz Alans, by service of a mounted sergeant for guard duty at Clun Castle for eight days in war time. He also held land at Asterton under the Bishop of Hereford. In 1272, John de la Munede occurs here, and in 1316, William do la Munede held this vill. Ho scorns to have been succeeded by another John, who in turn made way to another William, but apparently the lord of Myndtown did not live there, as the Subsidy Roll does not contain his name.] 1& Eyton xi. 222. 18 Eyton xi. 273. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 357 s d Ric'o fil' Joh'is . . . xij Will'o fil1 Thorn' v'job'qu Will'o Sher' ... vij qu Will'o le Masonn vj qu Joh'eSher' ... xij Thorn' Sher' ... vj Will'o fil' Ph'o ... vj qu WilFo de Rysebache vjob' s d Thorn' de Rysebache xij Thorn' de Etone ... xij Will'o fil' Thorn' ... xij s'bt' jRog' Valk\.. x ibid'm I Rob'to fil' Joh'is viij Sma xviij8 ija WONTENOW'E. [Wentnor.17 — This was the only manor in Rinlau Hundred held at Domesday by Roger fitz Corbet. In Saxon times it had been held by Edric, who is probably the Wild Edric of legend and history. The Barons of Caus early granted land in this manor to the Abbeys of Shrewsbury, Haughmond, and Buildwas. The advowson and tithes of Wentnor, with the tithes of Yockleton and Winsley, were granted by Roger fitz Corbet to Shrewsbury ; Adstone, Gatten, and Medlicott, belonged to Haughmond, and Wentnor Mill, Ritton, Kinnerton, and Hulemore to Buildwas. In 1236, Thomas Corbet allowed the abbot of the last named monastery to fence his land of Kinnerton and Hulemore, reserving to himself fourteen roads through the enclosed district, and the right to the venison there. In 1255, Thomas Corbet of Caus held half a hide in Wentnor, of the King, and this land seems to have remained with the Barons of Caus till the middle of the fourteenth century, when it passed to Robert de Harley. In 1380, however, Sir Fulk Corbet held an estate here, which passed with his daughter, Elizabeth to the De Burghs. Hugh atte Homo took his name from the place of that name in this manor, which seems to havo been within the bounds of the Long Forest. William atte Sholvo probably came from tho neighbouring village which was also among the possessions of the Barons of Caus, or from that farm still called England's Shelve, in Wentnor parish. Llewellyn de Medlicott was one of a family of that name, who as early as 1190 held Medlicott under Ralph fitz Picot, of Aston Pigot, and later under the Abbot of Haughmond. In 1255, tho Abbot held it as guardian of Lewellyn de Medlioott's heir, and paid 4s. rent yearly to Roger de Eston. This son, also Lewellyn, was tho father of Nicholas and another Lewellyn, probably the Lewellyn de Medlicott of the Subsidy Roll. Medlicott remained with the Abbey of Haughmond till the Dissolution, but its possessions here do not seem to have been extensive. Tho property of Buildwas was more valuable, and they retained two Granges at Kinnerton and Hulemore till 15 35.] 17 Eyton xi. 181. I 358 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY Hug' atte Home Rog' de Northbur' Will'o Madyns Adam fil' Ric'i Thorn' fiV Ric'i Will'o atte Shelue Will'o was "Meyr d xv ix xjj viij xij XV vij ASTAMTON'. Adam Cachcapel Ric'o fir Leweliny Thorn' fil' Joh'is Will'o le Tayllour Joh'e de Strettone Lewelino de Modlycote Will'o fil' Rob'ti d xiiij xiiij Xlj xvnj [Asterton18 (Norbury). — This was a member of the Bishop of Hereford's great Manor of Lydbury, and was held partly by him in demesne and partly by various tenants. In 1255, Alice Purcel held one half of the manor, and the other was divided among seven tenants and the demesne land of the Bishop. Three of the tenants at that date bore the name of Le Cron. In 1274, Roger Culvert occurs on a Jury at Minton, possibly he was the father of the Philip of the Subsidy Roll. Asterton is said to have possessed a chapel, but of this there is now no trace.] Thorn' Dun... Ph'o Culuart' Alic' vidua . . . Will'o le Cron Will'o fil' Thorn' Will'o Dones x x xij vj STOUWE. s'bt' f Will'o fil' Ade ibid'mjPh'o Yop ... d vuj Sma xx8 vijd [Stow and Weston.19 — This, though probably a place possessing a Church in Saxon times, is not mentioned in Domesday, unless it be included in one of the manors of Picot de Say in Lenteurde Hundred, that cannot now be identified. Both Stowe and Weston were hel4 under the Barons of Clun in 1255, Weston by Brian de Brompton, and Stowe by the Prior of Malvern, probably through a gift of one of the Bromptons, who were several of them buried in the Priory Church at Great Malvern. The Prior held Stowe by service of a man-at-arms and horse at his own cost, at Clun Castle for 20 days in war time. It is noticeable that the tenants at both places in 1327 bear Welsh names. Joh'e fil' Lewelini Atha Gogh' d vijqu xxijqu Cacadogan d xvqu is Evton xi., 218T w Eyton xl, 313. SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 359 s Joh'e fil' Dauid ... ii WESTONE. d s d Wili'o 61! Dauid ... Henr'fiTRog'i ... viij xijq" ROTELYNCH'OP. [Ratlinghope.20 — This, then in the Hundred of Condover, was held at Domesday under Earl Roger by Robert fitz Corbet. Its Saxon owner had been Seuward, but it was then, as in 1086, waste. About the middle of the 12th century, Stitt, a member of Ratlinghope, was conferred on the Canons of Haughmond, who built there a chapel. Before the year 1209, Ratlinghope had also passed to the Canons of Wigmore, through the hands of Walter Corbet, himself an Augustine Canon. A document is still extant in which Llewellyn of Wales admonishes his chieftains, and in particular Madoc, son of Maclgwyn, to spare Ratlinghope and Cotes, two places dedicated to God by Walter Corbet, the prince's friend and the brother of his uncle William Corbet. The two places lay near to the "land of Ken," and had been exposed to the inroads of the Welsh in the intermittent border warfare. In 1255, Ratlinghope was held by the Abbot of Wigmore under one of the Corbcts. It remained with Wigmore till the Dissolution of monasteries. Stitt remained also with Haughmond till that date. The Abbot's farm on the Long Mynd bore the name of Boveria, and the tenants of Stitt were bound to do suit at the Manor-Court of Boveria. The Rectory of Stitt was also counted as the property of the Canons, but nothing is known of its later history. Gatten, originally part of the Manor of Wentnor, also belonged mainly to Haughmond, through grants from Robert Corbet of Caus, who died in 1224, and the Canons received from King Henry II. the right of pasture for their horses on the Long Mynd. Thomas do Hancton was possibly of the same family as Roger de Hanton, who in 1282 appears with Peter Corbet in a matter relating to land at Eyton, near Alberbury. Robert de Norbury took his name from the neighbouring parish, and lie may have been of the family who for several generations held land at Norbury under the Bishop of Hereford. Robert de Berkeley was probably connected with Johanna le Engleys, the heiress of Wolstaston, who in 1255 had married a Berkeley. In 1310, Weston, near Stow, which in 1240 was held by Giles de Berkeley, was held by Robert de Ilarkeley, possibly the Robert de Berkeley of the Subsidy Roll, or possibly the name may be intended for Robert de Harley, who was a large landowner in that neighbourhood. The name of a family of Kene occurs in documents of the 13th century, when they held land at Lye, near Quat, and at Poston, near Munslow, under the Dudmastons.] 20 Eyton xi. 158. Vol. V., 2nd S. TT 360 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY S d Thorn' de Heneton' ij jo'qu Ro b' to de North bur' xxiij Wili'o .fir Ade ... Rob' to do Berkeley e Thorn' Balle Thorn' fil' Ph'i ... Wili'o Russel Wili'o fil' Mi ... Joh'o kene xviij qu xijo'q" xiJ ijxiiyu COLBACHE. [Colebatch,21 Parish of Bishop's Castle s d Ric'o Crok' ... xiij qu Joh'e Gegonn ... vj s'bt' [Yona-napGryf- ibid'mijol?el8" ,J Veyrt Sma xxvj8 iiijdob'qv -This member of the Bishop's manor of Lydbury was held by tenants taking their name from the place. Lefwin de Colebcch occurs as early as 117G. In 1255 the manor was held by Roger, son of Lewclin de Colebech, who paid the Bishop 20s. rent, and did suit to the Castle Court. In the following year Philip fitz John do Colebech and Lewclin de Colebech occur in connection with land here. They may have been related to Roger, or possibly were simply under-tenants. Roger de Colebech, and his father before him, held land un$er the Botreaux at Priest Weston, in the Barony of Longden.] Henr' de Broctone Wili'o Collyng' ... Wili'o le Baggar' Joh'e fil' Henr' Galfr'o de Assh' d ixo' xiij qu d xviij xiiijo'q1 BROCTONE. [Brockton,22 Parish of Lydbury North. — The Bishop of Hereford held part of this member of Lydbury in demesne, and part was held by tenants. These tenants in 1255 were Walter de Upton (called apparently occasionally, Walter de Brockton), John do Soy (or de Say, as he is called elsewhere), Madoo Coling, and Alice do Brockton. Their rents amounted jo 21s. altogether. Waller de Upton seems to have been of the family of Upton of Water's Upton, some of whom held land at Wittingslow, in Wistanstow parish.] s d S d Galfr'o Colly ng' ... vij Joh'e Bryd... ... xiiij Ph'o Carpentar' ... xvij CLONEBUR'. [Clunhury.23 — This member of the Domesday Hundred of Rinlau was held by Picot de Say in 108G. In Saxon days its owner, Sweyn, 2i Kyton xi. 223. My ton xi. 210. Kyton xi. 223. SUBSIDE KOLL OF 1327. 361 was apparently a man of some note, as four other manors in the Hundred were held by him. Land here was as early as 1165 apparently, held under the Barons of Clun by Roger Anglicus, the ancestor of the family of English, who were here for several genera- tions. Roger was succeeded by Hugh, who seems to have been a knight, and who frequently appears in local business of his time. He left a young son in ward to John fitz Alan, probably the John le Engleys who in 1263 held property in Clunbury, Little Brompton, Strefford, and Marshbrook. John also left in 1272 a young son, Hugh, who in 1292 was presented as holding a whole knight's fee, but being not yet a knight, j s d s d Ph'o de Walcote ... xij s'bt' / Rog' de Broctone x Henr' Bogh' (? Gogh)... vlij ibid'm\ Will'o le Walcar' x Thorn' fil' Hug' ... xiij Ph'o fil' Ph'i yij — Ph'o Ladde ... ... viij Sma xiiij8 ixV Ph'o fil' Thorn' ... ix HOPTON'. [Hopton Castle.24 — This manor of Picot de Say had been held in Saxon times by a Franklin, Edric, whom some have identified with Wild Edric. The family of De Hopton was early settled here, the first one of the name we find being Walter de Hopton, who in 1165, held 2 knights' fees in the Barony of Clun. Thirty years later we have Peter de Hopton, who may have been of this family, and in 1 203, a William de Hopton had to do with land at Whittingslow. In 1223, Walter de Hopton and John his brother were accused of the murder of a certain man named Brane. In 1 255, a second Walter de Hopton held Hopton, Broad ward and Coston. His services were to provide a soldier resident throughout the year, and another for 40 days in time of war at Clun Castle. He was one of the most important men of his time in Shropshire, holding land at Burwarton and Fitz as a coheir of the Girros family, and by his marriage with Matilda Pantulf, Baroness of Wem, possessing a life interest in her large estates. He also held considerable property in Herefordshire. He died in 1 305, leaving a two-year-old son, the Walter of the Subsidy Roll. Hopton Castle remained with the family of Hopton till the middle of the following century, when it passed with an heiress to tbe Corbets of Morton Corbet, from whom it passed at the close of the 16th century to the Wallop family, one of whom possessed it at the time of Civil Wars. The stubborn resistance of the Castle when besieged by the Royalists, and the savage revenge of the victors are a well-known story. 24 Eyton xi. 255. 362 THE SHROPSHIRE JAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. Walter and John fitz Walter may possibly have been uncles of Walter de Hopton. Evan de Hagley took his name from Hagley, a hamlet of Hopton Castle.] s d s d Walt'o de Hopton' iij v Youan de Haggeley xxob' Walt'o fil' Walt'i xxij Henr' fiT Petri' ... xiij Joh'e fil' Walt'i ... ij iijq* Walt'o de Moldeleye xviij Henr' Noght ... xxiij Pet0 fil* Walt'i ... xx Rog' de Modeleye ixob' EY'TONE. [Eyton,25 Parish of Lydbury North. — This member of the Bishop's Manor seems to have been nearly connected with the neighbouring estate of Plowdcn, and apparently here both are included under the one name, as seems also to have been the case in 1316, when John de Plowden and Robert de Eyton are said to be holding the vill of Eyton. The Plowdens, whose name lias been so long associated with Shropshire, are mentioned first in contemporary documents in 1203, when William de Plowden occurs in connection with land there. He seems to have been succeeded by Philip de Plowden, and he by Roger, who in 1255 held Plowdcn and part of Whitcott by service of a man- at-arms with a bow and two arrows for 40 days in war time at the Bishop's cost, at his castle of Lydbury. A little later Philip de Plowden was a Juror for Purslow Hundred, as was also a William de Plowden. Possibly the latter was of that branch of the family who settled at Wilderhope John de Plowden of the Subsidy Roll was living in 1342. William son of Roger was possibly a son of Roger de Eyton, who occurs as a witness about 1300.] s d s d Joh'o do Plowedene iij s'bt' ( Rog' do Bradef xij Henr' de Plowcdeno xiij ibid'm|Ric'o dePlowodene xij Rob'to do Eytone ij iijob' Will'o lil' Rog'i ... ij job' p'b' Sma xxvj8 viijdqu p'b' Sraa totius Hundr' xiij11 vj8 ixdob'qu 25 Eyton xi. 221. 363 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY HUNDRED OR LIBERTIES. By the late Rev. JOHN BRICKDALE BLAKE WAY, M.A., F.S.A. Continued from 2nd Scries, Vol. IV., p. 374. HANWOOD. The name of Hanwood I should be inclined to derive from the woodcocks which we may conceive to have formerly abounded in its woods. Han is, at least, a cock in all the dialects of the Teutonic language, — the Gothick, Saxon, Francick,and German. In the Salick laws, quoted by Wachter, it is written with a strong aspirate chana. In the gospels of Ulphilas, immediately the cock crew, Matt. xxvi. 74, is Yah suns Hana hrukida, and soon Hen crowed. 1 Ian wood had attained a very great comparative extent of cultivation at a very early period, for it was assessed to the Danegeld at two hides. In the time of the Confessor it was the property of one Edic, a free man — undoubtedly an error of the scribe for Edric — the noted Edric the Wild ; for the name Edic occurs nowhere else in the Shropshire part of Domesday. In that ancient record it is written Hanewde, and is comprised under the Hundred of Ruesset, nearly co- extensive with the modern one of Ford. The manor then contained three carucates1 (340 acres) of land, and the Norman commissioners were of opinion that there was room for another carucate.1 The modern contents of this small parish are, I am informed, exactly 420 1 [Not carucates, but ox-teams. Domesday, fo. 255b. — Ed.] Vol. V., 2ml SJ. UU 364 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. acres. In the revolt of Edric the Wild and the Mercian earls, the Conqueror granted Hanewde with the rest of their vast possessions, to his favourite, Roger de Montgomeri, Earl of Shrewsbury, who gave this and 23 other manors to one of his chief adherents, Roger, one of two brothers, sons of Corbet, a noble Norman, as he is called, who accompanied the Earl into England. Roger, the immediate lord of Hanewde, retained half a carucate in his demesne, and parcelled out the remaining two carucates and a half between five servants, three villans, and two bordars. It was valued in the time of the Confessor at ten shillings, and it retained the same valuation at the compilation of Domesday. The Corbet family continued to hold the superiority of this manor for many centuries ; but it seems to have had an inferior or mesne lord at a very early period.1 These mesne lords took their rise from the practice of sub-infeudation. A person held his land freely, i.e., by free service, such service as befitted a gentleman, under a superior lord ; he granted some of it to other persons (at least two in number) to hold of him freely, and thereupon he called himself lord of his land. This was, no doubt, the way in which John and Reginald became lords of Hanwood. This practice was restrained by the statute Quia emptores, which ordained that in future all purchasers of lands should hold them not of the vendor, but of the superior lord ; and since that statute no new manor, as it should seem, can be created. John de Hanewode occurs in the Liber Niger 11G7, In the Iter of Henry III. Reginald de Hanewood is mentioned as holding two hides in Hanewood, in the hundred of Ford, of the barony of Caus. On the Pipe 1 [Eyton thinks that Roger fitz Corbet made an early feoffment of Hanwood to Ileinald de Hcnewodc, who witnessed Roger's grant of Winsley to Shrewsbury Abbey between 1121 and 113G, Robert de Hanwood attests Charters of Robert Corbet of Caus between 1203 and 1220. Tho Ittr, or Hundred-Roll, is of the year 1255. Of, Eyton, vol. vii., pp. 117, 118.— lu>.] HANWOOD. 365 Rolls of the 43rd of that king (1259) he is found to owe half a mark of gold, pro respectu militie ; i.e., for licence to be excused taking upon him the honourable but costly dignity of knighthood. He attests a deed of Roger de Horton to Waryn de Andeslowe (ancestor of the ancient family of Waring) dated in the 12th of King Edward (Edward the first) by the title of Reginald lord of Hanewode. John, lord of Hanewde, occurs in 1288. It must, I presume, have been a son of his, bearing the same name with his grandfather Reginald,1 who is found by the record entitled Nomina Villarum compiled in 9 Edw. II., to hold this manor, at which time also it was included within the hundred of Ford. In 28 Edw. I. (1300) Reginald, lord of Hanewode, occurs as witness to a deed, by which Warin de Ondes- lowe and Alice his wife confirm to Robert their son the messuage and lands in Little Edenernos, and a rent of 5s. in Wodecote. f< His Test. Reginaldo d'no de Hane- wode," &c. In 12 Edw. II. there was a fine between John, son of Reginald de Hanewode, complainant, and Reginald de Hanewode, defendant, of messuage lands and rents in Church Hanewode and the advowson of the chapel. The right of John is acknowledged, and he grants it to Reginald for life. 33 Edw. III. I Reginald, lord of Hanwood, grant to John, my son and heir, and Sibil, daughter of William de Eiton, all my lands, etc., within the vill of Wallop and without, una cum dote quam Isabella que fuit uxor Johannis Hanwode ibidem tenet cum accid' (?) Habendum etc., to them and the heirs of their bodies lawfully begotten. His Testibus : D'no Joh'e Ex'neo d'no de Knakyn, Tho. de Rossall, Hug. de Panton, militibus, Tho. de Ondeslowe, Ric'o de Hope. (Stafford leiger, 88). 1 [By a Fine, dated 27 Oct., 1292, Robert and Reginald, two sons of a Reginald de Hanwood, settled Hanwood and Wallop, tirst on Robert for life, and then on Reginald and his heirs. Cf. Eyton vii. 118, 119.— Ed.] 366 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. By the 21st of Edward III. this family appears to have become extinct in the male line, for by Inquisition of that year, taken after the death of Beatrice Corbet, it is found that John de Ley borne, knt., and Sibilla de Hanewode hold half a knight's fee in Hanewode and Wallop of the said Beatrice. She was relict of the last Baron of Caus of the Corbet family, and re-married to Sir John Ley borne of Berwick Leyborne, who therefore held this land in her right, but Sibilla de Hanewode was, I suppose, daughter of the Reginald mentioned above. In a list of the fees whereof Edmund, Earl of Stafford (the representative of the family of Corbet of Caus), died seised 21 July, 4 Hen. IV. (the fatal fight of Battlefield), mention is made of two parts of one knight's fee in Hanewodd, which Richard Pastor of Newport and his parceners hold , and which were valued by the year at 30s. This Pastour was also Rector of the church of Hanewode, and occurs in that quality in 21 Richard II. and 29 Hen. VI., an interval of not less than fifty-four years,1 and yet not, I presume, the whole term of his incumbency, as it is little likely that the two deeds in which I have found him so described should respectively coincide with the years of his insti- tution and death. There seems reason, however, to believe that he did not long survive the last of these dates, and that his property went to the family of Malehurst, for I find a deed (inter cart. Joh. Corbet de Sundorn arm.), dated the 31st of Hen. VI., whereby Thomas Forster of Salop, Esq., and Hugh Dekon of Paynston, release to Agnes Malehurst, widow of William Malehurst of Hannewode, for the term of her life all the claim they (Forster and Dekon) have in all the lands of the said William Malehurst in Hannewode 1 I apprehend there must have been two individuals of the same names, for we have an account of the murder of Richard Pastour chaplain in 2 Hen. V. Sco Astley. [See Transactions, 2nd Scries I. 121.— Ed.] HANWOOD. 367 and Neivport, which they had of his gift. The deed is witnessed by William Spencer of Witton, John Betton of Monford, John Mynton of Westbury, Thomas Skyr- mynston of Wodehall, and others. Forster and the other were therefore feoffees of Malehurst, and as he enjoyed property both in Hanwood and Newport, and as Pastor the proprietor of Hanwood is also styled of Newport, it is no improbable conjecture that the land which was his became upon his death the property of William Malehurst. In the Suit-rolls of Caurs, as it is then written, 14 Edw. IV., the suitors of Hanwood are stated to have made fine with the lord for their suit until Michaelmas. In the Inquisitions ad quod damnum of 9 Hen. V. it is found that llichard, son of Reginald de Mutton of Salop, chivalar, died seised of certain lands &c. with the appurtenances in Salop, Bolnham (qu. Colnham), and Wodehous, within the parish of Hanwood. William Skyrmaston of Woodhall occurs ] Rich. III. Whether any part of the above property of William Malehurst was the lands of John Wythyford, gentleman, of Shifnall, 1 cannot say, but towards the close of the fifteenth century lands here belonged to John Wythy- ford, and descended to his son and heir Thomas, bailiff of Shrewsbury in 1503 and 1508. Alice, the wife of this last, married secondly Adam Mytton, bailiff no less than seven times between 1523 and 1552, in the last of which years he was a knight, and in the year following one of the Council of Wales. But the re- version of the Wythyford property here descended to Thomas Prowde of Sutton, in co. Salop, yoman, and Richard Prowde, mercer; for they, on the 19th of August, 20 Hen. VIII., in consideration of the sum of £115, bargain and sell to Nicholas Leveson, marchaunte of the Stapull of Caleys, and his heirs for ever, in consideration of the sum of JC115, the reversion and fee simple of the manor of Paynston, and of all such lands, tenements, and hereditaments in Shrewsbury, Paynston, Woodhouse, Muche Hanwoode, 368 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. and Lytyll Hanwoode, or elsewhere, in ye county of Salop, which were some time Thomas Wythyford, son and heir of John Wythyford, and now holden by Adam Mytton, gentyllman, and Alys, his wife, relict of the said Thomas Wythyford, for term of her life. Mr. Leveson was maternal ancestor of the Marquis of Stafford. The property thus described continued but few years in his possession, for on ye morrow of All Souls, 29 Henry VIII., a fine was levied of the manor of Paynston and G messuages, 800 acres of land, 100 of meadow, 300 of pasture, and 100 of wood in Shrews- bury, Paynston, Great and Little Hanwoode, and Woodhouse, Thomas Hosier and Alice, his wife, com- plainants, and Nicholas Lewson (so it is there written) deforciant. The deforciant of course acknowledges the premises to be the right of the complainants, and further warrants them against Thomas, Abbot of the Monastery of SS. Peter and Paul of Salop, and his successors : the consideration of the fine was £200 sterling. Richard Prynce, of Monks Foriate, Esq., Nicholas Gibbons of Shrewsbury, gent., Thomas Hosier, gent., Hugh Modlycott, Johane, his wife, and Robert Phelips and Katharin, his wife, conveyed to William Jones of Shrewsbury, draper, and Richard Styrcheley, the Woodhouse, in co, Salop, near to Great Hanwood, within the liberties of Shrewsbury, and all lands in the Woodhouse, Great Hanwood, Paynston, Longden, and Little Hanwood, which late were the lands of Edward Ilosyer, Esq., deceased, and then or late before were in the tenure, ferme, or occupation of ye said Robert and Katharin Phelips, To Have and To Hold to the said Jones and Styrcheley, to the use of Prynce and Gibbons. By deed 1 Aug., 29 Eliz., Prynce and Gibbons reciting that the above premises (inter alia) were purchased with Prynce's money alone, reciting also the love they bear to Richard Colfoxe and Richard Crosse, the nephews of Prynce, agree to convey the same (inter HANWOOD. 360 alia) to Thomas Hoorde of Hoordes Park, Esq., and the aforesaid William Jones to the use and behoof of Prynce and Gibbons during the life of Prynce, and after his death to the use of his executors (for the pay- ment of his debts and legacies) for so many years as he shall appoint by will, and then to the use of the heirs of his body, and in default of such issue, remainder to Colfoxe in tail, like remainder to his brother, Andrew Oolfoxe, like remainder to Crosse, like remainder to Anne, sister of Prynce, and the heirs male of her body, by Leonard Chambre, her husband, remainder to her right heirs. Edward Hosier, Esq., here mentioned, was eldest son of Thomas and Alice, the purchasers of these estates, and his daughter and heir married John Draycot, Esq., who, or a descendant of the same names, is stated to have sold them in 1621 to Thomas Berrington of Moat Hall, but as they appear to have been so many years earlier the property of Mr. Prynce by conveyance from the Hosiers, it appears that Mr. Berrington must derive his title from Prynce or his trustees, and that Draycot's conveyance of 1621 was merely a confirmation of that former title. On 14 Oct., 17 Eliz., John Whyttesbye of the Bryen pytts, co. Stafford, yeoman, appoints Thomas Berrington his attorney to receive possession of a messuage or tenement called the Woodhouse, near Hanwood, within the liberties of the town of Salop, and also to shewe arrest ymplede, comdempne and recover the same against Bobert Philipps, Katherine his wife, and Johane Butter, late wile to John Butter, deceased, and after such recoverie hadd, to do such acts as may be necessarie to obtain ye said messuage. The superiority of Hanwood continued in the Staff ords as representatives of the Corbets of Caus down to the attainder of the great Duke of Buckingham, upon which event, 1521, it vested in the Crown, By an Inquisition taken at Shrewsbury in March, 1529-30, alter the death of Bichard Knight, Esq., it is founc} 370 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. that he died on the 24th November, 17 (or 19, for the extracts differ) Hen. VIII., seised (inter alia) of one tenement valued at 13s. 4d,, 20 acres of arable, 10 of pasture, as many of meadow, and 7 acres of wood in Hanwood, holden of the King as of his castle of Caus, by the sixth part of one knight's fee, leaving issue, by Elizabeth, his wife (daughter of Sir Nicholas Vase Knight J, Ralph, his son and heir, aged 10 years, HANWOOD. I. One, Great Hanwood. The hamlet stiled little Hanwood is in the Parish of Pontesbury.1 II. None. III. There is no Mansion antient or modern in the Township or Parish ; or detached Hamlets. The House and pleasure grounds of W. Wood is the only dwelling of any consequence. A neat Parsonage House is now re-building. There is a comfortable dwelling near the Church belonging to Edward Harries, Esq., and a neat Cottage on the bank above the Brook, the property of Mr. John O. Nichols. Messrs. Marshall and Co. have lately erected a large bleaching and spinning Linnen Manufactory in the Village on ye south side of ye brook, which is in the Parish of Pontesbury. There are four Farm Houses and buildings, to which small farms are attached, and a Water Corn Mill ; the remainder are good Cottages, many of them new built. IV. It is within the Liberties of Shrewsbury. V. A part of the Township or Village is in the Parish of Pontesbury. VI. No. VII. The Corporation of Shrewsbury are Lords of the Manor, and there is no other. VIII. IX. The Acreage of the Parish is computed to be 420. The Population, computation Males 83 Females 93 176 Of these 22 are under ye age of 10 years. 1 [For the Questions, to which these are Answers, see under Albiugiiton, 2nd Series, Vol. I., pp. 101-2. — Ed.] HAN WOOD. 371 The principal land proprietors are Thomas Berrington, J. Owen Nichols, and Thomas Harries, Esqs. ; the Advowson belongs to Henry Warter, Jun., Esq. ; the Rectory, exclusive of tithes, has a glebe of 37 acres in the Township and Parish of Hanwood, and a glebe of 46 acres at Criggion. The present Rector is the Rev. Charles Wade. HANWOOD, &c. EXTRACTS FROM BOWEN'S MSS. COLLECTIONS (4tO. I. p. 7).1 Now in the Bodleian Library. Gough's MSS. From deeds belonging to Mr. Berrington of Moat Hall, August, 1752. Woodhouse, near Little Hanwood, Reginald de Pontesbury grants certain lands in Without Wudehus to Petronil daughter of Hugh de Merse date and others her brothers and sisters in tail exempting them de Secta Hundredi et Halincoti.2 Matheus fil, Distel de la Wodehous grants to Adam Without son of Eylmund for 1009 one half virgate of land &c. date in la Wodehous formerly his father's. Distil de Hanwood joint lord of Hanwood=p. .... and also called Distel de la Wodehus juxta parvam Hanwood. Matheus fil. Distil de la Wodehus. Adam son of Eilmund de la Woddehus grants to Without Tetronel daughter of Hugh de Merse one half virgate date of land in la Woddehus &c. pro omni servicio et auxilio ad filium meum primogenitum militem faciend' et filiam meam primogenitam maritandam &c. Eilmund de la Woddehus=pXtian de Salopesberie wrote sometimes Heilmund de Tuefor | Reginald, son of Xtian de Salopesberie Adam, son of Eilmund de la Wodehu Reginald, son of Xtian de Salopesberie grants to Adam son of Eilmund, his brother, Hanwood, paying to Distil de 1 [Sonic of these extracts relate to places other than JLLuiwood, but I have thought it better to leave them here. — Ed.] 2 This in nst certainly be his Court Baron. Vol. V., 2nd S. VV 372 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. Hanwood, one of the Lords Is. for omni servicio and 5s. to Alice do Pontesbury, who, I suppose, had the other part of the manor. Here tho cider brother calls himself after his mother's name, and Adam y° younger after his father's. Reginald de Han- wood lived 125G, as appears by tho Red Book of the Exchequer. Philip, son of Reginald de Pontesbury, grants to William de Stepelton a messuage and lands in the town of Wodehus juxta parvam Hanewode faciendo inde Capitali Domino illius feodi debitum servic' pertinens ad dictum Tenement' vid. 2s 6d per annum, pro omnibus serviciis &c. Et pro omnimodis sectis curio mec et heredum meorum, Comitat' & Hundred." &c. Those Pontesberies seem to have had all along part of the manor of Wodehouse, and by grant from John de Arundell. Reginald de Pontesberie=p. . ... Philip son of Reginald Domina Alicia de Pontesberie. John son of John de Arundel grants to Philip son of Without Reginald de Pontesbury a Messuage and land in the date town of Wodehus juxta parvam Hanewode which Richard Bufcart held. Exempt from all suit of his Court, County and Hundred. Manor of Woodhouse. An° Dom. 1398, 21 Ric. II. William Mason and Adam Galys, chaplains, the feoffees of Thomas Biriton, convey Manerium de Wodehous cum suis pertinentiis to William Biriton, son of the said Thomas Biriton, and to the heirs of his body lawfully to bo begotten, and in default of issue to Richard Biriton, his brother, and in default to Robert, another brother, and in default there to Margery, their sister, and her heirs, and in default to Hugh Biriton, brother of the said Thomas, and in default to William, another brother, and his heirs lawfully to be begotten, and in default dictum manerium cum suis pertinentiis propinquioribus heredibus consanguineis predicti Thome de Biriton imperpetuum reman', Witnesses : William Willeley and Nicholas Gerard Ball' of Salop, &c. Hugh Biriton Thomas Biriton, lord of Woodhous=j= William Biriton Willium Biriton Riohiu'd Biriton Ilobort Biriton Margery Biritoa HANWOOD. 373 David, son of Henry de la Wudehus, grants for half Without a mark for ever to Thomas, son of Thomas de Leton, date a noke of land with half a garden and half of his Moore between the said garden and Little Hanwode, which noke he formerly held of Robert, son of Sewart, rent one pair of gloves or a half-penny. The said Thomas de Leton grants the same premises to Julian, his sister, pay one half- penny more rent per annum. Julian grants the same premises to William de Stepelton. Hanwood. Sciant presentes & futuri quod ego Reginaldus filius Without X'ane de Salopesburie dedi & concessi & hac carta date mea confirmavi Henevvod cum omnibus pertinenciis suis Ade fratri meo nlio Heilmundi de Tucfor. Tenenda & habenda' in feudo & hereditate s1 & heredibus suis lib'e & quiete & honoritice in bosco & piano, in pratis & past'is &; in omnibus aliis auxam'tis & omnibus aliis locis faciendo servic' Dominis terre quod ego p'us feci. Sal' Dlstello de Henewod 12d pro omni servicio & 53 domine Alicii de Pontesb'i ad duos terminos reddendos dimidium in Annunciacionem Beate Marie & dimidium ad festum Sci Michaelis. His testibus: Reginaldo deu Le, Philippo fil. Wiil'i, Hereberto Malo vicino &c.,& multis aliis. Church Hanwood. — 1366. William, son of John de Hane- wode, quits claim to Thomas, son of William le Skynner of Salop, for ever of Land and Tenement in Churche hanewode. Dat. 40 Edw. III., A0 D'ni 1366. Patnestone, alias Pynson farme. A° 1621, John Draycot of Paynesley in com. Staff., Esqr., sells 7 Caroli. to Thomas Berrington of Moatehall, in com. Salop, Esqr., all that Capital Messuage or farme called Payne- stone, alias Pynson, in the Parish of Pontesbury, with all its appurtenances for ever, and constitutes Richard Berrington, Brother of Thomas Berrington, his lawful Attorney to give possession. Salop, St. Alkmund's.— Anno 33 Edwardi. Galfrid Rondulf, Burgess of Salop, grants in fee farm for ever a Messuage and Curtilege of his in Frankvile, to Adam, son of Philip Joht, paying to him and his heirs 4s. yearly, and 8d. yearly to the Mass of the Blessed Virgin in St. Alkmund's for ever. Thomas de Bikedon and Hug' le Donefowe, Ball' of Salop. Little Hanwood. — A fine was levied the 13 Jac. I., between Thomas Berington, Esqr., Quer1., and Sir Francis Prynce, KV, 374 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. Deforciant of one Messuage, one Barn, 3 Gardens, 1 Orchard, 30 acres of Land, 10 acres of Meadow, 30 acres of pasture, 6 acres of Wood, and Common of Pasture of all Sheep in Han wood parva. Rodynton, Esonbridge and Lugdon. — A fine was levied the 18th of Elizth., between John Gregory, plaintiff, and Roger Heryngton and Elianor his wife Deforciants of two Messuages, 2 gardens, 2 Orchards, 40 Acres of Land, 5 Acres of Meadow, 20 Acres of Pasture, 12 Acres of Furrs and heath, and 10 acres of More with their Appurtenances in Rodynton, Esonbridge and Lugdon, to the use of the said John for ever/paying to said Roger an annual rent of 14s. 8d. St. Alkmund. — Thomas de Laneley, Vicar of St. Alkmund, 36 Edw. III. William Nesse, Chaplain, celebrater of the Mass of the Blessed Virgin in the said Church. THE CHURCH. [Han wood Chapel was propably subject to Pontesbury, though no record of its dependence exists. In the Taxation of 1291 it occurs in Pontesbury Deanery, and was valued at ,£4 6s. 8d. per annum, as also in the Inquisition of the Ninth in 1311. In the Valor of 1534-5, it was worth £2 Gs. 8d. per annum in glebe and tithes.1 The Church of St. Thomas is a modern erection of brick in the early English style, and consists of chancel, nave, north porch, western belfry with three bells, and new organ-chamber on the north side. The Parish Register states, under the year 1701, "The new erected church finished yB year" ; but very little of tins building remains, the present one being mainly rebuilt and restored in 1850. The east window, representing St. Peter with the keys, was given by H. de Grey Warter, Esq. The ancient font is preserved in the church.2 A stone outside has the inscription "A.D. 1701," and evidently marks the date of the erection of the church prior to its restoration in 185G. In the Church are a number of monumental tablets. On the south wall, to — (1) Rev. John Breese, B.A., Queen's College, Cambridge, 34 years Rector, died 21 Nov., 188G, in his 84th year. (2) Anna Maria, wife of Rev. Charles Gregory Wade, died 25 Jan., 1870, aged 79.— Charles Gregory Wade, died 13 Sept., 1882, aged 57.— William Burton Wade, M.I.C.E., born 23 Oct., 1832, died near Sydney, N.S.W., 12 July, 1886. (3) Rev. Edward Harries, of Arscott, died 1 Feb., 1812, aged 69.— Lucia, his wife, daughter of Francis Turner Blythe, of Broseley Hall, died 13 May, 1788, aged 34.— Also to 2 daughters. 1 Eyton vii. 119. 1 This ia figured iu Eyton vii., 119. HANWOOD. 375 (4) Thomas Harries, of Cnickton Hall, died 27 Sept., 1848, aged 74. (5) Barbara Mary Ann Harries, wife of Thomas Harries, died 8 Feb. 1833, aged 57. (6) Francis Harries, of Cruckton Hall, died 19 Feb., 1875, aged 71.— Harriet, his wife, died 25 Nov., 1868, aged 63. — Thomas Harries, of Cruckton Hall, Lieut. -Col. 63rd reg., born 18 Feb., 1815, died 12 Oct., 1879. (7) Jacob Yallowley, Esq., of Woodlands House, Surrey, died 31 July, 1799, aged 59, buried at Streatham. — Sarah, his widow, died 2 Oct., 1830, aged 67, and Mary their daughter, both buried at Han wood. (8) Benjamin Bromley, gent, of Hanwood, died 31 Oct., 1836, aged 71. — Also three sisters buried here. (9) John Lloyd, of Hanwood, died 11 Oct., 1856, aged 44. — Priscilla, his widow, died 25 Aug., 1881, aged 74. — John Joseph, and Mary Priscilla, their children. On the north wall to — (10) Richard Go wen, died 3 May, 1798, aged 79. — Martha, his wife, died 16 Jan., 1785, aged 52. — Mary, their daughter. (11) Mary Warter, wife of John Warter, of Cruck Meole, died 21 Feb., 1808.— John Warter, gent., died 27 August, 1821. (12) Henry Degory Warter, born 31 March, 1771, died 5 Apr., 1853.— Emma Sarah Moore Warter, his relict, died 3 June, 1863, aged 80. (13) Charlotte Gertrude Warter, wife of the Rev. Edward Warter, of Hanwood Rectory, died 28 Aug., 1854, aged 43. (14) Henry de Grey Warter, Esq., of Longden Manor, J. P. and D.L., son of Henry Degory Warter, of Cruck Meole, born 26 Jan., 1807, died 5 December, 1884. (15) William Owen Nichols, of Hanwood, born 20 Oct., 1792, died 7 Aug., 1864.— Eliza, his widow, died 12 Ap., 1869. Two windows at the east end have inscriptions to : the Rev. Charles Gregory Wade, 24 years Rector, died 4 April, 1835. — Henry Degory Warter died 5 Ap., 1853, Emma, his wife, died 3 June, 1863. In the Churchyard are a large number of Tombstones, erected in memory of the families of Warter, Whitehurst, Blakeway, Lloyd, Cross, Gowen, Phillips, Urwick, Wood, Witts, Niccols, Bromley, Mason, Wade, &c. Amongst others are these — Rev. Edward Warter, rector of Aldrington, Sussex, and curate of Hanwood, born 18 Sept., 1811, died 25 Nov., 1878. Hugo Francis Witts, only child of Edward and Rosamond Warter, died 26 April, 1865. Rev. Charles Gregory Wade, M.A., died 4 Ap., 1835, aged 50. — Anna Maria, his widow, died 23 Jan., 1870, aged 79. — Susannah Eliza- beth, their daughter, died 2 Feb., 1818. Robert Phillips, gent., died 26 Oct., 1810, aged 62. A Truly Honest Man Rov. Uriah Bidmead, Rector, died 9 Feb., 1849, aged 89. Tho Registers commence only in 1873, except the Baptisms, which begin in 1813. A fire, which occurrod at the Rectory on 5 Ap. 1873 376 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES. destroyed all the earlier Registers, which were kept in an iron box in the library there. Fortunately in the Shrewsbury Free Library there is a copy of the Registers from 1559 to 1763 ; and there are also some extracts in the Morris M.S. Shropshire Registers from 1653 to 1745. The Rectory House was rebuilt by the Rev. C. G. Wade, who was rector from 1810 to 1835. There are about 48 acres of glebe at Criggion and Hanwood. The patronage of the Rectory is vested in the Warter family. The Communion Plate consists of a silver flagon, given 25 Dec. 1842 ; a salver, chalice, and patten, given 15 Oct., 1857 ; and an alms dish, given in 1861 by Emma Warter. A list of the Church Goods at Hanwood, temp. Edward VI., is preserved in the Public Record Office (Exch. Q.R., Salop, Church Goods, Edw. VI., 8-19). In 1676 there were 32 Conformists, 2 Papists, and no Nonconformists in Hanwood.1] INCUMBENTS OF HANWOOD. (From MS. Top. Salop, C. 9). No Institutions appear on the early Registers of Hereford. 1277. R., occurs rector 1277. 1361, Feb. 7. Richard de Preston, priest. Hughie warde. 1386. Hugh de Warde, occurs 1386. 1397. Richard Pastour [or Haston] 21 Rich. II. and 29 Hen. VI. 1534. John Hogg (see Cardeston). Valor Hen. VIII. (1534-5). Mr. John Hodges, res. 1544. 1544-5, Jan. 30. David Coide. Sep. 31 May, wm.coydeofSaiop, ' _ c_0 * J> corvisor, grantor h.v. 157o. of Roger Kylforde. 1578, Dec. 2. Sir David Meyrick. (See Kinlet). "{J^S™ 1587. John Hatton, 1587, £3 ante min. pass.. Thomas Kilvate, sep. 30 Apr., 1597. * eont • Patron- w v> 1604. Morgan Evans, occurs 1604, 1614, and 1623. Sep. 29 Sep., 1627. 1627. Richard Poole (see M eole and St. Chad's), ros. 24 Mar., 1637. [Vicar of Moole Brace, 1623, and of St. Chad's, Shrews- bury, 29 Mar., 1637, until his death; bur. at St. Chad's, 7 March, 1643-4, (See Owen and Blakeway's Shrewsbury ii. 215). M.A. Gloucester Hall.Oxon ; born 1594.] * See S.A. Trans., 2nd ISeries I., 88. HAN WOOD. 377 1638. Timothy Preene. [B.A. Ch. Ch., Oxon ; born at Hope Bowdler 1605 ; son of William Preene.] 1654. Nehemiah Evans (he afterwards wrote himself Evance) rector 44 years. Sep. 30 Apr., 1698. [Son of Robert Evance, or Evans, of Astley; and brother of Cornelius Evans, rector of Westbury, and of John Evans, rector of Newtown. Ho had issue three sons, John, Thomas of Hanwood, gent., and Nehemiah.] 1698, July 2. Thomas Markham (see Upping- ton). Sep. at Wroxeter, 5 June, 1716. [Died at Donnington, in Wroxeter parish, 3 June, 1716 ; vicar of Wroxeter 1700-1716; schoolmaster of Donning- ton and Uppington 1674-1711 ; vicar of Uppington 1674-1711. By Mary his wife, he had issue, William, Timothy, Thomas, and John, all bapt. at Upping- ton 1675-8.] 1716, Sept. 4. John Cotton, M.A., inducted Nicholas Bigga «~i i -. w V\ _ ' A j (Mr. liigrgs patrol Sep. 4; resigned 17 Oct., 1734. (See 1727, wniia) Meole and St. Alkmund's). [Vicar of Meole Brace 1709, and of St. Alk- mund's, Shrewsbury, 6 June, 1734, to his death. He d. 26 Dec, 1757 ; bap. at St. Julian's, Salop, 24 Feb., 1685 ; mar. at Sutton Chapel, 26 May, 1712, Elizabeth Marigold of St. Chad's, and had 14 children. His wife was bur. 14 Mar,, 1742, a3t. 51. He was son of Mr. Richard Cotton and Sarah.] 1734, Nov. 18. Benjamin Wingfield, M.A. [St. Lucy^8Sarah John's Coll.,Cambridge; son of Rev.Philip Wingfield, M.A., Vicar of St. Julian's, Shrewsbury, by Martha, dau. of Wrot- tesley Prince, Esq.; bapt. at St. Julian's, 27 July, 1710; d. 26 Sept., 1763, bur. at Pontesbury, M.I. there ; Rector of Pontesbury 1st portion 1737; Vicar of St. Mary's, Shrewsbury, 1743. His wife Ann was bur. at Pontesbury, 21 Jan., 1755, M.I. there. See p. 242 ante.] J7 . . • [Thomas Parry, of Groat Ness.] 378 HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY LIBERTIES 17 . . . Edward Harries [elder son of Thomas Harries, of Cruckton, Esq., b. 1742 ; d. 1 Feb., 1812, set, 60; M.L at Hanwood ; m. Lucia, dau. of Francis Turner Blythe, of Broseley Hall.] 178.. John Jones (see Preston Gujbbals), ob. 12 Feb., 1793. [Also Curate of Preston Gubbals.] 1793, May. George Holland; ob. 13 Mar., 1810. [M.A. Balliol Coll., Oxon ; born at Tenbury, 1754 ; son of Thomas Holland, gent. Also incumbent of Mindtown ; m. at S. Mary's, Shrewsbury, 18 May, 1790, Frances, dau. of Humphrey Sand- ford, Esq., of the Isle, and had an only dau. Frances, who. m. her cousin, Rev. Humphrey Sandford of the Isle.] 1810, July 8. Charles Gregory Wade. [M.A. ^enrywarter Merton Coll., Oxon ; born at Warwick, un ' sq 1785 ; son of Charles George Wade, Esq.; m. 1821, Anna Maria, dau. of Edward Burton, Esq.; died 4 April,1835, aged 50 ; his widow died 23 Jan., 1870, aged 79 years; both were buried at Hanwood, where is an M.L to their memory.] 1835, Aug. 14. Uriah Bidmead. Formerly In- Henry Degory cumbent of Berwick 1832-1835; born Warter,Esq- 1760; died 9 Feb., 1849, aged 89; buried in Hanwood Churchyard, where is M.L 1849. Edward Warter, M.A., Fellow and some Henry Degory time Tutor of Magd. Coll. Camb. ; 3rd ' • son of Henry Degory Warter, Esq., of Cruck Meole ; b. 18 Sept., 1811 ; d. 25 Nov., 1878, and buried 30th at Hanwood, where is M.I. He was rector of Aldrington, Sussex, 1852, and Curate of Hanwood 1852, until his death. He married 1st Charlotte Gertrude, dau. of Blytho Harries, Esq., she d. 23 Aug., 1854 ; and secondly Rosamond, dau. of llev. Frederick Holmes of Calcutta, and had issue, an only son. Hugo Francis, b. 1857, and d. 1865. He was of Cruck HANWOOD. 379 Mcolo, and was J. P. for Co. Salop, and was succeeded in his estates by his brother, Henry de Grey Warter, Esq. 1852. John Breese, B.A., Queen's Coll., Camb. ; WartIrDEl°ry formerly Incumbent of Bayston Hill, ar er' sq* 184-7-52, and Chaplain of Longdon, 1875-79; b. 1803; d. 21 Nov, 1886, aged 83, and was buried at Bicton, M.I. there. He was of Calcot House, Bicton. 188G. Lister Smith, St, Bees College; formerly Mrs. m j. smith, -it- f , bapt. at St. Alkmund's, 20 May, 1641. The Husseys of Harlescott and Alkmerc were descended from George JIussey of tfarlescott, who was living there in 1508 and 1525.] \