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UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
LIBRARY

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1

1875-76

SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS

OFFERED BY THE

WORCESTER COUNTY

Horticultural Society,

FOR THE YEAR 1875.

WORCESTER, MASS.:

EDWARD R. FISKE, PRINTER.

1875.

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COMMITTEE OP ARRANGEMENTS AND EXHIBITIONS.

John C. Newton, Chairman. James Draper,

George E. Francis, Henry Phelps,

Samuel Flagg, Alfred Davis.

O. B. Hadwen, President.

Edward W. Lincoln, Secretary, Nos. 5 Oak and 18 Front Streets,

Worcester.

The Autumnal Exhibition commences Tuesday, September 28th, at
6 P. M., and closes Friday, October 1st, at 9 P. M.

COMMITTEES OF AWAED.

APPLES. — William T. Harlow, Chairman; James F. Allen, O. B.
Hadwen, Samuel H. Coltou, Stephen S. Foster, Samuel A. Knox,
Sylvanus Sears, J. K. L. Pickford, of Worcester; Cyrus White, Henry
Marble, of Millhury; Jjcvvis A. Maynard, of Shrewsbury ; and Isaac
B. Hartwell, of Oxford.

GRAPES, PEACHES, etc.— William H. Earle, Chamnan ; T. M.
Lamb, W. W. Cook. Horatio Phelps, Thomas A. Dawson, Charles
Goodwin, of Worcester; Paul Whitin, George Cruickshanks, of
Whitinsville ; ¥. M. Marble, of Grafton; and Joseph C. Lovell, of
West Boylston.

PEARS. — Henry L. Parker, Chairman; Henry Phelps, John C.
Newton, James Draper, S. Harrison Knox, Alfred Davis, of Wor-
cester; Newell Wood, of Millhury; and William H. Johnson, of
Northhorough

PLANTS, FLOWERS, &c.— Samuel Flagg, Chairman; George E.
Francis, James L. Burbank, Patrick W. Driscoll, Clarendon Harris,
D. S. Messinger, Henry Woodward, Lyman J. Taft, of Worcester;
and John F. Johnson, of Leominster.

VEGETABLES— Alexander Marsh. Chairman; Thomas R. Nor-
croiss, J. D. Lovell, O. L. Hatch, Rufus Carter, Daniel Bemis, Chas.
Belcher, George G. Burbank, and Wm. H. Hackett, of Worcester.

^= The Committees will meet at 7^ o'clock on the evening of Tues-
day, September 30th, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, for
organization, and decision if possible.

SUMMER EXHIBITIONS.

The Opening Exhibition of the Summer Season will be held in the
Hall of Flora, on Thursday, the 10th day of June, from 3 to 5 o'clock

P. M.

SPECIAL notice:

The Rules and Regulations require that correct and legible names shall
be attached to each and every plant or flower entered in a class of named
varieties; and that written lists of the same shall be given to the Secre-
tary.

Strict compliance with the Rules and Regulations, to be found on
pages 11 and 12, is required on the part of Contributors and Com-
mittees.

On THURSDAY, June 10th.

HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS.

For the best display of cut flowers and foliage of named varieties. .$ 8 00

For the second best 5 00

For the third best 3 00

On THURSDAY, P. M., June 17th.

CUT FLOWERS.

For the best display S 3 00

For the second best 2 00

ROSE EXHIBITION.

The Annual Rose Exhibition will be held in the Hall of Flora,
on Thursday, the 24th day of June, commencing at 3 P. M., and closing
at 5 P. M.

All articles for competition must be entered with the Secretary, and be
placed on the tables, before I o'clock P. M.

1875] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 5

GARDEN ROSES.

For the best general display of named varieties S 8 00

For the second best 5 00

For the third best 3 00

For the best arranged vase 3 00

For the second best 2 OC

For the third best 1 00

CUT FLOWERS.

For the best collection S 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 2 00

GREEN HOUSE PLANTS.

For the best collection of named specimens S 8 (0

For the second best 6 GO

For the third best 4 00

TO FLOKISTS.— Special.

On Thursday, July 1st, and on each successive Thursday, viz.:
July 8th, August 5th, September 2d,

July 15th, August 12th, September 9th,

July 22d, August 19th, September 16tb,

July 29th, August 26th, September 2.^d,

Premiums of three dollars (§3.00) and two dollars (S2.UU), respectively,
will be offered for the best, and next best Two Stands of Cut
Flowers.

To Amateurs. — At each of such exhibitions a premium of two dol-
lars. (.^2.00) aud one dollar (!?1.00) will also b^ offered for the best, and
second best Stand of Cut Floweus, grown by amateurs.

PREMIUMS FOR FRUITS DURING THE SEASON.

^=' The Season is understood to extend from the opening in June to
the Autumnal Exhibition in September, during whicli there will be an
Exhibition every Thursday, and premiums will be awarded as enumerated
in the Schedule.

AT THE HOSE SHOW— On Thursday, June 24th,
Entries must be made with the Secretary, and the articles be upon the
tables, before 1 o'clock P. M.

No person can compete for more than one premium with the same spe-
cies of Beriy or varieties of Fruit. All Small Fruits must be displayed
in quart boxes.

STRAAVBEKRIES.

For the best quart of Agriculturist S 2 (lO

For the second best quart of Agriculturist 1 00

For the third best quart of Agriculturist 50

For the best quart of Boyden No. 30 1 00

For the best quart of Charles Downing 2 00

For the second best quart of Charles Downing 1 00

For the third best quart of Chailes Downing 50

For the best quart of Downer's Prolific 1 00

For the best quart of Ida 1 00

For the best quart of Jucunda 2 00

For the second best quart of Jucunda 1 00

For the third best quart of Jucunda 50

For the best quart of Kentucky 2 00

For the second best quart of Kentucky 1 00

For the third best quart of Kentucky 50

For the best quart of Lady of the Lake 1 00

For the best quart of Matilda 1 00

1875] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 7

For the best quart of President Wilder .-$ 1 00

For the best quart of Lennig's White 1 00

For the best quart of Triomphe de Gand 2 00

For the second best quart of Triomphe de Gand 1 00

For the third best quart of Triomphe de Gand 50

For the best quart of Wilson 2 00

For the second best quart of Wilson 1 00

For the third best quart of Wilson 50

On THURSDAY, JULY 1st.

CHERRIES.

For the best two quarts of Black Tartarian $ 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Black Tartarian 1 00

For the best two quarts of any other named Black variety 1 00

For the best two quarts of any named White variety 2 00

For the second best two quarts of any named White variety. . 1 00

On THURSDAY, JULY 8th.

CURRANTS.

For the best two quarts of La Versaillaise $ 2 CO

For the best one quart of La Versaillaise 1 00

For the best quart of Red Dutch 1 00

For the second best quart of Red Dutch 50

For the best quart of Dana's Transparent 1 00

For the best quart of White Gondouin 1 00

For the best quart of White Grape 1 00

On THURSDAY, JULY 15th,

RASPBERHIES.

For the best two quarts of Brinckle's Orange S 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Brinckle's Orange 1 00

For the best two quarts of Northumberland 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Northumberland 1 00

For the best two quarts of Hudson River Antwerp 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Hudson River Antwerp ... 1 00

For the best quart of Clarke 1 00

For the best quart of Fi-anconia 1 00

For the best quart of Knevett's Giant 1 00

For the best quart of Philadelphia. 1 00

BLACK CAPS.

For the best two quarts of any named variety 2 00

For the second best " '• 1 00

8 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

On THUKSDAY, JULY 22d.

BLACKBERRIES.

For the best quart of Wilson S 1 00

For the best quart of Kittatinny 1 00

For the best quart of Wachusett I 00

RASPBERRIES.

For the best two quarts of any named variety 2 00

For the second best 1 00

On THURSDAY, JULY 29th.

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Doyenne d' Ete $ 1 CO

For the best twelve of any other variety 1 00

POTATOES.

For the best peck (new) 1 00

TOMATOES.

For the best twelve specimens (open culture) 2 00

For the second best (open culture) 1 00

On THURSDAY, AUGUST 5th.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of any named variety $ 2 00

For the second best ten specimens of any named variety 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Beurre Giffard 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve of any other named variety 1 00

On THURSDAY, AUGUST 12th,

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of Early Sweet Bough S 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Williams' Early Red 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Red Astrachan 2 00

For the second best ten specimens of Red Astrachan 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve Rostiezer 1 00

For the best twelve of any other named variety 1 00

1875] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 9

On THURSDAY, AUGUST 19th.

APPLES.

For the best ten sj^ecimens of any named variety S 1 00

Por the best ten of any other named variety 1 CO

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of any named variety 1 00

For the best twelve of any other named variety 1 00

On THURSDAY, AUGUST 26th.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of any named variety $ 1 00

For the best ten specimens of any other named variety 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Clapp's Favorite 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of any other named variety 1 00

PEACHES.

For the best twelve specimens of Crawford's Early 2 00

VEGETABLES.

For the best twelve Tomatoes 2 00

For the second best 1 00

On THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2d.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of any named variety $ 2 00

For the best ten specimens of any other named variety 1 00

PEARS.

For the best tAvelve specimens of Clapp's Favorite 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Bartlett 2 00

For the second best 1 00

PEACHES.

For the best dish of twelve specimens 2 00

For the second best 1 00

On THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 9th.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of Red Astrachan $ 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Early Williams 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Early Sweet Bough 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Duchess of Oldenburg 1 00

o

10 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

PEARS.

For the best t\yelve specimens of Dearborn's Seedling $ 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Beurre de P Assomption 1 00

PEACHES.

For the best twelve specimens of a named variety 2 00

For the second best twelve specimens 1 00

VEGETABLES.

For the best twelve Tomatoes 2 00

For the second best twelve Tomatoes 1 00

MELONS.

For the best two Water 2 00

For the second best two Water 1 00

For the best Green Flesh (three specimens) 2 00

For the best Yellow Flesh (three specimens) 2 00

On THUHSDAY, SEPTEMBER 16th.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of Gravenstein S 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Porter 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Flemish Beauty 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Souvenir du Congres 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Belle Lucrative i 00

PEACHES.

For the best twelve specimens of any named variety 2 00

For the second best twelve specimens of any named variety. . 1 00

On THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23d.

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of Holdeu Pippin $ 1 00

For the best ten specimens of Maiden's Blush 1 00

■ For the best ten specimens of Washington Strawberry 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Howell 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Paradis d' Automue 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of Souvenir du Congres 1 00

PEACHES.

For the best twelve specimens of Cooledge 2 00

For the best twelve specimens of Crawford 2 00

For the best twelve specimens of Stump the World 1 OO

For the best twelve specimens of any other named variety 1 00

AUTUMNAL EXHIBITION

The Society will hold its Anntjal Autuindstal Exhibition, A, D.
1875, in its own Halls, on Front street, in the City of Worcester.

The Exhibition will commence on Tuesday, September 28th, at 6
o'clock P. M., and close on Eriday, October 1st, at 9 o'clock P. M.

^^ Exhibitors are notified that strict conformity to the Regulations
and Rules will be expected and required, for their own benefit as well as
for the convenience of the Officers of the Society.

^= Particular attention is called to the Rules and Regulations on pp.
11 and 12, and especially to Kos. 11 and 1.3, respectively; the one defining
the limit of time for entries of Vegetables, and the other requiring lists
of all entries to be filed with the Secretar}'.

Amount appropriated for Premiums at the Exhibitions in 1874,
SI 200

RULES AND REGULATIONS:

1. Articles offered for premium at the Autumnal Exhibition must
be in the Halls and entered with the Secretary before six (6) o'clock P.
M., of the opening days of the Exhibition; Provided, fliat all entries of
Vegetables for the Exhibition must be made with the Secretary before
the 25th day of September.

2. Competition for premiums is open to all; but a discount of one-
third of the amount will be made from awards to i^ersons who are not
members of the Society; and it is strictly required that all specimens
offered for premium shall have been grown by the competitors, within
the County of Worcester.

3. After the articles are arranged they will be under the exclusive
charge of the Committees, and not even the owners will have liberty to
remove them, uutil the Exhibition is closed, when they will be delivered
as the contributors may direct.

4. No person shall be entitled to receive more than one premium for
the same specimen, and no article for which a premium has been once
awarded can receive another duriuo: the season.

12 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

5. All Fruits offered for premium must be composed of exactly the
number or quantity of specimens named in the Schedule, the several
Committees being instructed to remove all excess or exclude for defl-
ciency; each variety being designated b)' name.

6. All articles offered for premiums must be correctly named. Indefi-
nite appellations, such as "Pippin," "Sweeting," "Greening," etc., will
not be considered as names.

7. No Flowers, Plants, Fruits or Vegetables will be entitled to a pre-
mium unless they possess points of superiority; and the Committees are
strictly required to withhold premiums if, in their opinion, the articles ex-
hibited do not merit them.

8. Competitors will be required to furnish information as to their mode
of cultivation, and to present specimens for trial and examination if re-
quested.

9. All premiums that are not claimed within threa months after the
Autumnal Exhibition shall be forfeited to the Society.

10. The awards of the premiums will be made known as soon as the
premium cards can be filled out and placed upon the tables.

11. Admission to the Autumnal Exhibition, for those who are not
members of the Society, 25 cents; children under sixteen years of age,
10 cents; season tickets, 50 cents.

12. At the close of the E.\hibition the Fruit, Vegetables, etc., belong-
ing to the Society will be sold, and all specimens which are not claimed
at that time will be considered as given to the Society, and will be sold
for its benefit.

13. Contributors ivill be required to furnish the Secretary with a list of
their articles, specifying the precise Class in which they would compete.

14. "Downing's Fruits of America," revised edition, will guide the
Committees in their decisions upon matters at issue.

^= Special Notice. — The several Committees will meet at 7:30
o'clock P. M., on the opening evening of the Exhibition, to make their
awards.

1875.] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 13

PREMIUMS.

EXHIJBITIOISr.

APPLES.

Committee.— Wm. T. Harlow, Chairman, James F. Allen, O. B. Had-
wen, Samuel H. Colton, Stephen S. Foster, Samuel A. Knox, J. K. L.
Pickford, Sylvanus Sears, of Worcester; Cyrus "White, Henry Marble, of
Millbury; Lewis A. Maynard, of Shrewsbury ; and Isaac B. Hartwell, of
Oxford.

For the best ten Astrachan (Red) 1^ 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Baldwin 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Cogswell 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Duchess of Oldenburg 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Golden Sweet 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

14 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best ten Gravenstein $ 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Holden Pippin 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Hubbai-dston Nonesuch 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Leicester Sweet 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Lyscom 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Maiden's Blush 3 00

For the second best 2 CO

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Mother 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Northern Spy 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Peck's Pleasant 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 ()0

For the best ten Porter 3 00

For the second best ^ 2 00

For the third best 100

For the best ten Khode Island Greening 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best I 00

For the best ten Poxt)ury Russett 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best • 1 GO

For the best ten Sheppard's Sweet 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Sweet Bough (Early) 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

1875.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 15

For the best ten Tallman's Sweet $ 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 t)0

For the best ten Twenty Ounce 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Washington Eoyal 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Washington Strawberry 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten WilUams' Early Bed 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

GRAPES, PEACHES, &C.

Committee — William H. Enrle, Chairman; Thomas M. Lamb, W.
W. Cook, Horatio Phelps, Thomas A. Dawson, Frank J. Kinney, Charles
Goodwin, of Worcester; Paul Yf hitin, George Cruickshanks, of Whitins-
ville; F. M. Marble, of Grafton; and Joseph C. Lovell, of West Boyhton.

GRAPES.

Under Glass. — For the best two clusters of Black Hamburg . . . .$ 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best , 1 00

For the best two clusters of any other named Black Grape 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best two clusters of W hite Muscat 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For tlie best two clusters of White Frontignan 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best two clusters of any other named White 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best two clusters of Grizzly Frontignan 3 00

For the second best 2 00

Oper Air. — For the best four clusters of Concord 3 00

For the best four clusters of Delaware 3 00

For the best four clusters of Diana 3 00

16 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best four clusters of Hartford Prolific $ 3 00

For the best four clusters of lona 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 3, (Massasoit) 3 00

For the best four clusters of Eogers No. 9, (Lindley) 3 00

For the best four clusters of Eogers No. 15, (Agawam) 3 LO

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 19, (Merrimac) 3 00

For the best four clusters of Salem 3 00

For the best four clusters of Worden 3 00

PEACHES.

For the best collection of six varieties, not less than ten specimens

each 8 00

For the second best 5 00

For the third best 2 00

For the best three varieties of twelve specimens each 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best one variety of twelve specimens 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

PLUMS.

For the best collection of not less than four named varieties. . . . 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best three varieties 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best single plate 3 00

For the second best 1 00

QUINCES.

For the best collection of not less than three varieties 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best twelve Orange Quinces 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best twelve of any other variety 2 00

For the second best 1 00

CKAB APPLES.

For the best display 3 00

For the second best 2 OU

For the best dish of twenty-four specimens of any named variety. 2 00

For the second best 1 00

1875.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 17

PEARS.

Committee. — Henry L. Parker, Chairman ; Henry Phelps, John C.
Newton, James Draper, Alfred Davis, S. Harrison Knox, of Worcester ;
Newell Wood, of Millhury ; and William H. Johnson, of Nortliborough.
CLASS 1.—

For the best twelve Beurre Bosc $5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Clairgeau 2 00

For the best twelve Beurre d'Anjou 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Diel 3 (0

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Hardy 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Langelier 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Supertin 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Dix 2 00

For the best twelve Doyenne du Cornice 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Duchesse d'Augouleme 5 00

^ For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Durandeau 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Glou Morceau ©00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Howell 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Josephine de Malines '3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best twelve Lawrence 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

3

18 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best twelve Louise Bonne de Jersey 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Marie Louise 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best twelve Mt. Yernon 2 00

For the best twelve Onondaga. 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Paradis d' Automne 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Seckel 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Sheldon 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve St. Ghislain 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel Archange 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Urbaniste 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best twelve Vicar of Wiukfield 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best twelve Washington 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Winter Nelis 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 1 00

CLA'SS 2. (New Pears.)

For the best twelve Beurre de 1' Assomption 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Souvenir du Congres 3 00

For the second best ICO

For the best twelve Brockworth Park 2 00

For the best twelve Duchesse de Bordeaux 2 00

For the best twelve Dr. Reeder 2 00

For the best twelve Helene Gregoire 2 00

For the b'st twelve Huyshe's Prince Consort 2 00

1875.] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 19

For the best twelve Rutter 2 00

For the best twelve E mile d' Heyst 2 00

For the best twelve St. Crispin 2 00

For the best twelve Doyenne Hovey 2 00

For the best twelve Souvenir d' Esperen 2 00

For the best twelve Gen. Todleben 2 00

For the best twelve Dae de Bordeaux 2 00

Jl^= And a Special Premium of Twenty Dollars ($20) is offered
by the Secretary for the best collection of Fifteen (15) New Vari-
eties, twelve specimens each, grown anywhere w^ithin the Com-
monwealth.

PLANTS, FLOWERS, &c.

CoMsnTTEE. — Samuel Flagg, Chairman; George E.Francis, James L.
Burbank, Patrick W. DriscoU, Clarendon Harris, David S. Messiuger,
Henry Woodward, Lyman J. Taft and Henry L. Shumway of Worcester,
and John F. Johnson of Leominster.

[KuLE : All Pot-Plants shall have been grown in the Pots in which
they are exhibited.]

ASTERS.—

For the best display (one stand) S4 00

For the second best 3 00

For the third best 2 00

For the fourth best 1 00

BASKET.— (Hanging) —

For the best, grown at least one month in the basket 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

BOUQUETS.— (Hand)—

For the best pair 3 00

For the second best 2 00

BOUQUETS —(Parlor)—

For the best pair 4 00

20 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the second best 2 GO

For the third best 1 00

DAHLIAS —

For the best twelve named varieties 3 00

For the second best , 1 CO

DESIGIT.— cFlokal)—

For the best 6 00

For the second best 4 00

FLOWERS.— (Cut.) [Variety and arrangement will be consid-
ered as well as rarity and quantity.]
For the best Collection, and best kept during the Exhibition,

not exceeding three stands 6 0(1

For the second best 4 00

For the third best 2 00

For the best Stand 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best arranged Basket or Dish 3 00

For the second best 2 00

GLADIOLUS.—

For the best Collection, named or unnamed varieties .5 00

For the second best 3 00

Class 1.

For the best fifteen named varieties 5 00

For the second best 3 00

Class 2.

For the best ten named varieties 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best specimen spike 1 00

For the best seedling 1 00

PANSIES.—

For the best display 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

PINKS.— (Chixa.)—

For the best display • 3 00

For the second best 1 00

1875] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 21

PETUNIAS.—

For the best Display 3 00

For the second best 2 00

SWEET PEAS.—

For the best display 2 00

VEKBENAS.—

For the best display 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best display of seedlings 2 00

For the second best 1 00

STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS.

PLANTS WITH OENAMENTAL FOLIAGE —

For the best twelve ,^20 00

For the second best 12 00

For the best six 10 UO

For the second best 5 00

For the best single 3 00

For the second best 1 00

PLANTS IN BLOOM.—

For the best four 10 00

For the second best 5 00

For the best single 3 00

For the second best 1 00

RAKE AND NEW PLANTS —

For the best collection 10 00

For the second best .5 00

FERNS AND LYCOPODS.—

For the best collection 10 00

For the second best 5 00

PARLOR PLANTS IN POTS -(From Amateurs.)—

For the best collection, not exceeding twelve varieties 6 00

For the second best 4 00

For the best single Plant 2 00

For the second best 1 00

22 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

FEKNERY OR WARDIAN CASE, from any source.—

For the best 6 00

For the second best 4 00

For the third best 2 00

VEGETABLES.

g@=" All entries in this Department must be made with the Secretary
before the 2oth day of September. And all Vegetables exhibited for pre-
miums must be in the Hall of Ceres by 6 o'clock P. M., on Tuesday, the
twenty-eighth (28th) day of September.

Committee. — Alexander Marsh, Chairman; Thomas E. Norcross, J,
D. Lovell, O. L. Hatch, Rulus Carter, Daniel Bemis, Charles Belcher,
and William H. Ilackett, of Worcester.

BEANS.—

For the best four varieties $ 1 00

BEETS.—

For the best six Long Blood 2 00

For the best six Early Bassano 2 00

For the best six Egyptian 2 00

For the best six Sugar 2 00

For the best six Turnip 2 00

CABBAGES —

For the best two Large Flat Brunswick 3 00

For the best single specimen 2 00

For the best two Drumhead 3 00

For the best single specimen Drumhead, weight not less

than 30 lbs 1 00

For the best two Drumhead Savoy 3 dO

For the best single specimen 2 00

For the best two Early Sweinfurth 3 00

For the best single specimen 2 00

For the best two Red 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

1875] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS, 23

For the best two Savoy 3 00

For the best single specimen 2 00

CAEROTS.—

For the best six Early Horn or Short Scarlet 2 00

For the best six Long Orange 2 00

For the best six Eed 2 00

For the best six White 2 00

CAULIFLOWERS.—

For the best three specimens 3 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

CELERY —

For the best six roots 4 00

For the second best 2 00

CORN.—

For the best collection of Sweet, not less than five named va-

. rieties o 00

For the second best 3(0

For the best six ears of Sweet 2 Oi

For the second best 1 00

For the best Yellow or Field, of twenty ears traced 2 00

For the second best 1 00

CRANBERRIES —

For the best peck 1 00

CUCUMBERS.—

For the best half peck for pickling 2 00

EGG PLANT.—

For the best three specimens 1 00

HORSE RADISH.—

For the best six roots 1 00

MELONS.—

For the best two Water 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best Green Flesh, three specimens 2 00

For the best Yellow Flesh, three specimens 2 00

ONIONS.—

For the best four varieties, a half peck of each 3 GO

For the second best 2 00

24 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best half peck of Ked 1 00

For the best half peck of Silver Skin 1 00

For the best half peck of AVhite Portugal 2 00

For the best half peck of Yellow Danvers 2 00

PAESKEPS.—

For the liest six Guernsey 2 00

For the best six Hollow Crown 2 00

For the best six Student 2 00

For the best six Short 2 00

POTATOES —

For the best five named varieties, half a peck of each 12 '0

For the second best 8 00

For the third best 4 00

1'Umpki:ns.—

For the best three, weight not less than 20 lbs. each 2 00

For the second best 1 00

PEPPERS —

For the best half peck 1 00

SALSIFY.—

For the best six specimens 1 00

SQUASHES.—

For the best three pure Crookneck 2 ('0

For the best three pure Canada Crookneck 2 00

For the best three pure Hubbard 2 UO

For the best three pure Mammoth 2 00

For the best three pure Marblehead 2 00

For the best three pure Marrow 2 00

For the best three pure Turban 2 00

For the best three pure Yokohama 2 OO

TOMATOES —

For the best Boston Market 2 00

For the best twelve Lester 2 00

For the best twelve Tilden 2 00

For the best twelve Trophy 2 UO

For the best twelve of any other named variety 2 00

TURNIPS —

For the best six English or Flat, white or yellow . 2 00

For the best six White Swedes 2 00

For the best twelve Yellow Swedes 2 00

1875] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 25

A. D, 1875 -MARCH 16.

SPECIAL EXHIBITION OF CHINESE AND OTHER PRIMROSES, CYCLAMENS,
HYACINTHS, AND OTHER SPRING-BLOOMING PLANTS.

PLANTS IX BLOOM —

For the best general display ,f5 00

For the second best general display ..•..•••• 3 00

PRIMEOSES —

For the best six in bloom 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best single jilant 2(0

For the second best single plant 1 00

CYCLAMENS.—

For the best six in bloom 3 00

For the second best six in bloom 2 00

For the best single plant 2 00

For the second best single plant 1 00

4

TRANSACTIONS

Worcester County Horticultural Society,

FOR THE YEAR 1874;

COMPRISING

THE REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEES AT THE ANNUAL EXHI-
BITION; THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
FOR THE TEAR 1874; AND A ROLL OF
MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY,

28 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

REPORTS

REPORT OX APPLES.

Committee. — Wm. T. Harlow, Chainnan ; James P. Allen, O. B.
Hadwen, Samuel H. Colton, Samuel A. Knox. J. K. L. Pickfoid, Sylva-
nus Sears, of Worcester ; Cyrus White, Henry Marble, of Millbury ; and
Isaac B. Hartwell, of Oxford.

No better exhibition of apples than those of this societj^ this year was
ever made in the County of "Worcester. Whatever may be said of the
attendance or non-attendance of the public, or of success or non-success
in a financial point of view, as regards fruit exhibited, the autumnal ex-
hibitions of 187-4 are unsurpassed in the annals of this Society. At least
two causes contributed to this result. The crop was unusuall}^ large and
the exhibitions were held after maturity of the varieties for which pre-
miums were offered.

Vast quantities of apples were laid upon the society's tables for which,
notwithstanding their merit, we had no premiums to award in conse-
quence whereof we were unable to do full justice to all exhibitors. Con-
sidering and regretting the fact our attention was drawn to more careful
consideration of the repeated recommendations of Secretary Lincoln in
regard to " abolition of the existing system of classification of apples and
pears as meaningless and unprofitable and a substitution therefor of direct
competition between different lots of the same variety."* His illustra-
tion of the viciousness of thi system in the case of pears might be more
than matched in that of apples. The fact that the apple product of the
County vastly exceeds that of pears is probabl}'^ the reason for offering
premiums for larger collections of apples than of pears. But the larger
the collections and the greater the number of contributions the more dif-
ficult is just award. If the large collections to be compared contained

* Transactions 1872, p. (U and 187:5, p. m.

1874.] REPORT ON APPLES. • 29

only the same varieties, decision would be sufficiently ditticult; containing
as they do to a large extent different varieties it is impossible. Another
vice of the system illustrated in all large collections is that fruit wholly
without merit is included merely to eke out numbers.

The aggregate of premiums offered this year for apples was one hundred
and eighty-seven dollars of which one hundred and twenty-five dollars
was for collections and sixty-two dollars for single plates. Instead of the
existing system we second the Secretary's recommendation of direct com.
petition between specimens of the same variety, with a graded premium
for each. The Society's former offers for. single plates were objectionable
in that but a single premium was offered for one variety. Thus, " For
the best ten Baldwins $2.00." For this one premium there might be or
rather there were some fifteen or twenty entries, and several so excellent
as to make decision doubtful. The sixty-two dollars offered for single
plates was divided into thirty-one premiums of two dollars each for thirty-
one varieties adjudged by the Trustees mrst worthy of encouragement.
Now, if we could have awarded the aggregate amount offered for apples
in graded premiums of three, two and one dollars for the best, second
best and third best of each of the thirty-one varieties, we believe we
could have satisfied competitors, the Society and the public, as well as
ourselves far better than we have done.

Some dissatisfaction was expressed on account of our action in relation
to apples incorrectly named. The rules adopted by the Trustees required
that all articles offered for premiums should be correctly named, and
made Downing's Fruits the standard of authority. Under these rules we
were obliged to exclude several collections. Some of the excluded apples
were of decided merit, and would undoubtedly have received premiums,
but for misnomer. With a view to equitable relief from the rigor of a rule
of which many competitors pleaded ignorance, we awarded an unusual
number of gratuities.

It will be remembered that oar report for 1873 contained some sugges-
tions in reply to a criticism of the Gardener's Monthly upon our report
for 1872. Attempting in the former report to account for frequent failuie
of the apple crop, we assigned, as probable cause, alternation of cold
with warm periods in spring, whereby apple bloom prematurely forced,
afterwards was made abortive by late frost. The Grardener challenged
this view on the ground that the sap of trees could not freeze. Of the
completeness of our refutation, in our last Report, of the Gardener's pet
theory on this subject, we have received many testimonials. Among
others, the following from the President of the Mas.sachusetts Agricultu-
ral College: —

30 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

Massachusetts Agricultural, College, )
Amherst, March 9, 1874. )

My Dear Sir. — Tour paper on freezing plants has been read with inter-
est. I hope you will get a copy of Flint's Report and read my papers on
circulation of sap.* Are not our perennial endqgens, grasses, lilies,
etc., frozen as solid as the buds of endogens? I ain now investigating
these questions, and among other, observations have just determined the
amount of sap in the branches of trees. It is from 40 to 60 per cent! It
freezes of course. It is surprising to see how the buds of poplars, Avil-
lows, etc., which started to expand weeks ago and have been frozen stiff
repeatedly since continue to develop every warm day. We have need to
make thousands of observation's on our own trees before we thoroughly
understand their wonderful structure and individual peculiarities.

Very Truly Yours,

W. S. CLAEK.

No higher authority upon anything connected with the subject of sap
can be named than this. Two copies of our reply to the criticism were
forwarded to the critic — one addressed to the Gardener's Monthly and the
other to the editor by name, without eliciting further criticism.

WM. T. HAELOW,

For the Committee.

We submit the following award of premiums:

AT THE SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION.

CLASS 1.—

For the best six named varieties of ten specimens each,

S. Sears S 6 00

For the second best, O. B. Hadwen 4 00

For the third best, C. Morse, Jr 2 00

Edward S. Howe, gratuity 2 00

S. S. Foster, gratuity 2 00

CLASS 2.— (Single Plates.) —

For the best ten Eed Astrachan, N. Wood, Millbury 2 00

For the best ten Duchess of Oldenburg, AVm. Eames 2 00

For the best ten Golden Sweet, C Morse, Ji- _ 2 00

*0f the paper referred to, after its reailin^ by Col. Clark before the State Board of Ag-
riculture at their Fitcliburg mcetiu^ in December, 1873, the lamented Agassiz, whose at-
tenthince there was the last public act of his life, is reported by Mr. Flint to have said to
the Board : "The production of this one paper has amply paid for every dollar which the
StMtc has thus far bestowed on the Agricultural College."

Agriculture of Mass , 1873-4; page 205.

1874.] EEPORT ON APPLES. 31

For the best ten G-ravenstein, Addison Lovell, West Boylston 2 00

For the best ten Holden Pippin, S. S. Foster 2 00

For the best ten Maiden's Blush, T. E. St. John 2 00 .

For the best ten Porter, H. Marble, Millbury 2 00

For the best ten Sheppard's Sweet, S. S. Foster 2 00

For the best ten Sweet Bough, no award 2 00

For the best ten Williams' Early Eed, C. Morse, Jr 2 (JO

For the best ten Washington Strawberry, C. T. Foster, Holden 2 00

For the best ten of any other sort (Drap d'Or) W. Y. Holman 2 10
GEATUITIES —

C. H. Smith, of Millbury, Pumpkin Sweet 1 00

C. E. Brooks, Fall Greening 1 00

AT THE OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

CLASS 1.—

For the best collection of not less than twenty-five nor more
than thirty varieties, ten specimens of each variety,

O. B. Hadwen \ .$15.C0

For the second best, S. Sears 12 00

For the third best S. S. Foster. 9 00

CLASS 2.—

For the best twenty nained varieties, of ten specimens each,

no award 12 00

For the second best, no award 9 00

For the third best, no award 6 00

CLASS 3.—

For the best twelve named varieties, of ten specimens each.

Revoked. See Gratuities 10 00

For the second best, no award 7 00

For the third best, no award 4 00

CLASS 4.—

For the best six named varieties, of ten specimens each,

E. S. Howe 6 00

For the second best, D. H. Searles of Sutton 4 00

For the third best, H. Harlow of Shrewsbury 2 00

CLASS 5.—

For the best three named varieties, of ten specimens each,

E. S. Howe 4 00

For the second best, G. Harlow of Shrewsbury 3 00

For the third best, Wm. Howe of Millburv 2 00

32 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

CLASS 6. -

For the best collection, of not less than four new varieties, not

previously exhibited, no award 5 00

For the next best, no award 3 00

GRATUITIES FOR COLLECTIONS.—

" C. E. & A. H. Bennett of Holden, gratuity of •. 3 00

P. Holman of Leicester, gratuity of 2 00

I. Mills, gratuity of 2 00

H. Marble of Millbury, gratuity of 2 00

N. Wood of Millbury, gratuity of 2 00

E. M. Banning, gratuity of 6 00

A. H. Sears, gratuity of 2 00

E. B. Rice, gratuity of 2 00

W. S. Lincoln, gratuity of 2 00

W. H. Eastman, gratuity of 2 00

Mrs. G. A. Chamberlain, gratuity of 2 00

W. Fames, gratuity of 2 00

C. T. Foster, gratuity of 0 00

S. Putnam, gratuity of 0 00

CLASS 7.— (Single Plates.)—

For the best ten Baldwin, Mrs. J. M. .^cTaofield 2 00

For the best ten Cogswell, A. Moore 2 00

For the best ten Holden I'ippin, C. T. Foster, Holden 2 00

For the best ten Hubbardston Nonesuch, F. McCracken, of

Millbury 2 00

For the best ten Leicester Sweet, S. Sears 2 00

For the best ten Mother, S. Sears 2 00

For the best ten Northern Spy, S. Putnam 2 00

For the best ten Washington Royal, O. B. Hadwen 2 00

For the best ten Peck's Pleasant, S. S. Foster 2 00

For the best ten Porter, H. Marble, Millbury 2 00

For the best ten Rhode Island Greening, Wm. Howe, of Mill-
bury 2 00

For the best ten Roxbury Russett, H. Marble, of Millbury. . . 2 00

For the best ten Sheppard's Sweet, S. S. Foster 2 00

For the best ten Tallman's Sweet, N. Wood, of Millbury 2 00

For the best ten Sweet Apples of any other variety than here

named, C. T. Foster, of Holden, (Sweet Russett) 2 00

For the best ten Williams' Early Red, C. Morse, Jr . 2 00

For the best ten Twenty Ounce, O. B. Hadwen 2 00

1874.] REPORT ON GRAPES, PEACHES, &C. 33

Tor the best teu Washington Strawberry, C. T. Foster, of

Holden 2 00

For the best ten of any other sort, TV. Williams, (Gravenstein) 2 00

GRATUITIES.— (For Single Plates.)—

John Broadbent, of Millbury, (Yellow Belleflower) 1 00

REPORT ON GRAPES, PEACHES, &c.

Committee. — William H. Earle, Chairman; Thomas M. Lamb, W. W,
Cook, Horatio Phelps, Thomas A. Dawson, of Worcester; Paul Whitin,

George Cruickshanks, of Whitinsville; F. M. Marble, of Grafton; and
Joseph C. Lovell, of West Boylston.

AT THE SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION.
GRAPES.
For the best collection of not exceeding eight named varieties,

grown under glass, two clusters of each variety, P. L. Moen . $12 00

For the second best, no entry 9 00

For the third best, no entry 6 00

For the best two clusters of Black Hamburg, no award 2 00

For the second best, P. L. Moen 1 00

For the best two clusters of any other Black Grape, no award 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

For the best two clusters of White Muscat, no award 2 00

For the second best, S. Salisbury 1 00

For the best two clusters of any other variety of White, P. L. Moen, 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

For the best four ripe clusters of any early native variety of out-
door Grape, no award 3 00

For the second best, " H. Prolific," Wm. Y. Holman 2 00

For the third best, Wm. H. Earle 1 00

PEACHES.

For the best collection of six varieties, not less than ten specimens

each, Wm. Howe, Millbury 8 00

For the second best, T. F. Greenleaf, Shrewsbury 5 00

For the third best, no award 2 00

For the best three varieties of twelve specimens each, Wm. Howe,

Millbury 5 00

5

34 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

For the second best, Wm. Eames 3 00

For the third best, James Draper, (gratuity) 2 00

For the best one variety of twelve specimens, "Early Crawford,"

F. Hancock 3 00

For the second best, "Stump the "World," Wm. Howe,

Millbury 2 00

For the third best, " Early Crawford," Mrs. E. Thomas 1 00

Superior Seedling Peach, A. N. Chase, gratuity 2 00

PLUMS.

For the best collection of not less than four named varieties,

Samuel Putnam 5 00

For the second best, no award 3 00

For the best three varieties, Mrs. H. Sturtevant 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

For the best single plate " Buel's Favorite," J. C. Lovell 3 00

For the second best. Yellow Gage, S. S. Foster 1 00

" Damson " and " Holland " Moses Church, gratuity 1 00

Lawton Blackberry, A. A. Ballou, Grafton, gratuity 1 00

AT THE OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

For the best collection of well-ripened out-door grapes, not less
than six nor exceeding fifteen varieties, of four clusters each,

F. J. Kinney S8 00

For the second best, Moses Church 5 00

For the third best, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Concord, D. H. Bassett 3 00

For the best four clusters of Croton, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Delaware, Charles Nash 3 00

For the best four clusters of Diana, Horatio Phelps 3 00

For the best four clusters of Eumelan, F. J. Kinney 3 00

For the best four clusters of Hartford Prolific, J. F. Allen 3 00

For the best four clusters of lona, T. M. Lamb 3 00

For the best four clusters of Israella, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Martha, George M. Pierce 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers Ko. 3 (Massasoit), no award. . 3 00

For the best foiu- clusters of Rogers No. 4 (Wilder), Horatio Phelps 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 7, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No 9 (Lindley) , Horatio Phelps 3 00

1874.] REPORT ON GRAPES, PEACHES, &C. 35

For the best four clusters of Eogers No. 15 (Agawam), no award. 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 19 (Merriraac) , F. M. Marble 3 00

For the best best four clusters of Rogers No. 43 (Barry), no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Salem, Horatio Phelps 3 00

For the best four clusters of Senasqua, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Walter, Henry Phelps 3 00

For the best four clusters of Worden's Seedling, Joseph C. Lovell 3 00
For the best four clusters of any other variety of superior quality,

no award 3 00

QUINCES.

For the best collection of not less than three varieties, no award. . 5 00

For the second best, no award 3 00

For the best twelve Orange Quinces, Mrs. H. Sturtevant 3 00

For the second best, Newell Wood 2 00

For the best twelve of any other variety, no award 2 00

For the second best, no" award 1 00

A gratuity of one dollar each to Charles Nash, Edward W. Lincoln
and Charles T. Foster, for Orange Quinces.
CANNED FRUITS.—

For the largest and best collection, H. C. Mascroft 8 00

For the second best, no award 6 00

For the third best, no award ^ 4 00

But one collection of Canned Fruits was presented to your Committee,
by H. C. Mascroft, of which they feel warranted in saying, for variety
and perfection in canning, that it is well worthy of the premium awarded-
Mr. Mascroft has a patent valve to his cans which appears to be worthy
of notice.

Your Committee recommend gratuities of three dollars to James
Draper for his Collection of Peaches, and also one dollar to E. R. Rice
and Gideon Harris for each a plate of Late Crawfords.

F. M. MARBLE,

For the Committee.

36 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS, &c.

Committee. — Samuel Flagg, Chairman ; George E. Francis, James L.
Burbank, Charles Madaus, Clarendon Harris, David S. Messinger, Henry
"Woodward and Henry L. Shumway, of Worcester.

With the enlargement of the Society's Hall, and the increased facilities
for exhibiting Horticultural products, we return to our old quarters with
feelings of satisfaction and delight.

Although the old has become nearly obliterated by additions to the
rear, improvements in front and on all sides, which thus far meet the
entire satisfaction of the Society, as also their wants; still there are fears
that the present capacity may not prove equal to the growth of the
Society.

The contributions of Flowers for the year 1874 have been unusually
large, with a decided impi'ovement in selection and arrangement as com-
pared with past years. Scarce an entry has been made that does not merit
a premium or a gratuity, and would receive it had the Committee the
means at their disposal. There are none but what deserve special com-
ment.

Never has the zeal for keeping the stands, bouquets, displays, &c., in a
fresh condition throughout the exhibition, been so generally observed as
at this present season. This has been the special design in withholding
the reports of this department until the result has been satisfactorily
obtained. It is with pleasure that your committee submit the following
list of premiums for your approval.

SAM'L FLAGG, Chairman.

AT THE SEPTExMBER EXHIBITION.
ASTEKS.—

For the best display, W. W. Cook $4 00

For the second best, P. L. Moen 3 00

For the third best, C. A. Keyes 2 00

For the fourth best, H. Ballard 1 00

BASKET.— (Hanging.)—

For the best, grown at least one month in the basket, (out

doors,) Dr. Geo. Francis 3 00

For the second best, P. M. McDonald,. 2 00

For the third best, no award 1 00

BOUQUETS.— (Hand.)—

For the best pair, C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. C. W. Hamilton 2 00

1874.] REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS, AC. 37

BOUQUETS.— (Parlor.)—

For the best pair, no award 4 00

For the second best, Edgar Ballard 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. D. Tainter 1 00

DAHLIAS.— Class 1.—

For the best twelve named varieties, C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, H. Ballard 1 00

Class 2. —

For the best twelve liliputian varieties, no award 3 00

DESIGN.— (Floral,)—

For the best, C. D. Thayer 6 00

For the second best. Miss Ella Ward, Shrewsbury 4 00

FLOWERS.— (Cut.)—

For the best Collection, and best kept during the Exhibition, of

not less than two, nor exceeding five stands, Mrs. D. Tainter 6 00

For the second best, C. D. Thayer 4 00

For the third best, S. Salisbury 2 00

For the best stand, Mrs. D. Scott 3 00

For the second best. Miss E. White 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 1 00

For the best arranged basket or dish, C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 2 00

GLADIOLUS.—

For the best Collection, named or unnamed varieties, from any

source. Miss Abbie Lovell, Boylston 5 00

For the second best, C D. Thayer 3 CO

Class 1.

For the best fifteen named varieties, no award 5 00

For the second best, Mrs. M. B. Green 3 00

Class 2.

For the best ten named varieties, no award 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

Forthebestspecimenspike,Miss Abbie Lovell, West Boylston, 1 00

For the best seedling. Miss Abbie Lovell, West Boylston. ... 1 00
PANSIES.—

For the best display, Mrs. C. W. Hamilton 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. C. L. Hartshorn 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester 1 00

38 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

PINKS.— (CniNA.)—

For the best display, Mrs. C W. Hamilton 3 00

For the second best, Miss Abbie Lovell, West Boylston. . 1 00

PETUNIAS.—

For the best display, W. W. Cook 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Louise A. Bangs 2 00

SCABIOSA.—

For the best display, not less than three colors, no award 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

SWEET PEAS —

For the best display, C. D. Thayer 2 00

VERBENAS.—

For the best display, C. A. Keyes 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. C. W. Hamilton 2 00

FoY the third best, Edgar Ballard 1 00

For the best display of seedlings, Mrs. C Brooks 2 00

For the second best, C D. Thayer 1 00

ZINNIAS —

For the best display, no award 2 00

GRATUITIES.—

For collections of Phlox, Petunias and Cut Flowers.

Mrs. S. E. Fisher 2 00

For two dishes Cut Flowers. Mrs. M. J. Bennett, Holden 1 00

For wreaths of Immortelles, Mrs. David Fitts, Oxford 1 00

For dish of Wild Berries and Flowers, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester. . . 2 00

For Floral Design, (not basket as entered,) Mrs. St. John... 1 00

For dish of Cut Flowers, Mrs. Ida W. Johnson 1 00

For Floral Design, (anchor) W. W. Cook 2 00

For display of Sweet Peaa, Zinnias, Geraniums and Gladiolus,

Mrs. J. S. Baldwin 2 00

For Garden Basket, Mrs. Nelson 2 00

For display of China Pinks and Drummond Phlox,

Mrs. C. L. Hartshorn 1 00

For Floral Design, (arch of English Ivy and cut flowers,) Edgar

Ballard 2 00

For three stands Cut Flowers, Mrs. Thomas 3 00

For two stands Cut Flowers, Mrs. C. Brooks 2 00

For display of Hot House Plants, W. W. Cook 2 00

1874.] REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS>^

■-. <

Special notice should be made of the floral design by Mi"*. David Scott.
The Committee would suggest fewer flowers in the arrangement. The
design was beautiful, and added much to the appearance of the Hall, but
was too compact for taste.

The design by Mrs. C. L. Hartshorn was entered too late for com-
petition; so also the very finely arranged dish from Miss Sus-an Chamber-
lain.

Mrs. M. H. Morse contributed a fine wall bouquet of Asters; also a
well arranged dish of Petunias.

Mrs H. B. Buck's standard dish was very tastily arranged, as was the
basket of Zonale Geraniums by Mrs. W. Y. Holman.

The stand of cut flowers by Mrs. Jonathan Fawcett attracted universa
notice. The entry was made too late for competition.

One of the finest contributions was a basket of Tea Roses, from Miss
M. J. Fox; beautiful, as her contributions always are.

No fault could be found with the dish of cut flowers from Miss E.
White, or with the arrangement of flowers by Mrs. Charles Gilbert.

Mrs. Morey, of Shrewsbury, one of our constant contributors, deserves
special notice for her interest in the success and welfare of the Society.

The Committee regret that they have not the means at their disposal to
award premiums and gratuities to the above and many more contributors,
of which the time will not allow further notice. We hope the time is not
far distant when all shall be rewarded for their trouble and interest.

AT THE OCTOBER EXHIBITION.
STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS.

PLANTS WITH ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE.—

For the best twelve, W. T. Merrifield $;20 00

For the second best, S. Salisbury 12 00

For the best six, (not awarded — set incomplete — there being a

repetition from the best twelve) 10 00

For the second best, P. L. Moen 5 00

For the best single, C. E. Hovey & Co., Boston 3 00

For the second best, S. Salisbury 1 00

PLANTS IN BLOOM.—

For the best six, C. W. Hamilton 1.5 00

For the second best, no award 10 00

For the third best, S. Salisbury 5 00

For the best single, no award 3 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

40 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

RAKE AND NEW PLANTS.—

For the best collection, James Comley, Lexington 8 00

For the second best, C. E. Hovey & Co., Boston 4 00

FERNS AND LYCOPODS.—

For the best collection, W. T. Merrifield 10 00

For the second best, S. Salisbury 5 00

HANGING BASKET.—

For the best, grown at least one month in the basket,

C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, P. L. Moen 2 00

For the third best, no award 1 00

PARLOR PLANTS IN POTS.— (From Amateurs.)—

For the best collection, not exceeding twelve varieties,

Mrs. C. E. Brooks 6 00

For the second best, Mrs. David Scott 4 00

For the third best, Mrs. Morey, Shrewsbury 2 00

SINGLE PLANT.—

For the best, Mrs. Jonathan Fawcett 3 00

For the second best. Miss Mary Phelps 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. Jonathan Fawcett 1 00

FERNERY OR WARDIAN CASE, from any source.—

For the best, Mrs. David Scott 6 00

For the second best, C. D. Thayer 4 00

For the third best, no award 2 00

CUT FLOWERS.—

For the best Collection and best kept during the exhibition, of
not lesss than two, nor exceeding five stands,

C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

For the third best, no award 1 00

For the best Stand, Mrs. David Scott 2 00

For the second best, Mrs. C. E. Brooks 1 00

For the best arranged Basket or Dish, Mrs. C. L. Brooks 2 00

For the second best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 1 00

CHINA PINKS.—

For the best display, Mi.ss A. Lovell, West Boylston 2 00

1874.] REPORT ON PLANTS FLOWERS, &C. 41

IMMORTELLES.—

For the best collection of named varieties, (names of varieties

wanting,) no award 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

ORNAMENTAL GRASSES.—

For the best display, no award 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

PANSIES.—

For the best display, C. A. Keyes 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester 2 00

For the third best, no award 1 00

VERBENAS.—

For the best display, C. D. Thayer 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

For the best display of seedlings, no award 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

SPECIAL PREMIUM. — {Offered by the President.)

For the best two plants of Zonale Geraniums, single or double,
of any color, in bloom — to be awarded by George Cruick-
shanks — a Cup, valued at SIO.OO, the name of the contribu-
tor not to be attached to the plants, Mrs. C. W. Hamilton. 10 00

Although special pains was taken by the Committee of Arrangements
to equalize the space allotted to the several departments, yet on receiv-
ing the contributions they were obliged to compress, very much to the
dissatisfaction of the contributors, and also to the annoyance of those
whose duty it was to assign a place and space for everything offered.
The Committee, however, were pleased to see not only new contributors
to our collections, but contributions of new and rare varieties outside the
County, increasing both the attraction and interest of our Annual Exhi-
bitions. Competition for premiums is open to all. With this understand-
ing the Committee have awarded the above premiums. The gratuities
are as follows:

To Messrs. C. E. Hovey of Boston, James Comley of Lexing-
ton, for their fine collection of Ornamental Foliage Plants,

a gratuity of (each) ^10 00

To Mr. C. A. Keyes, for collection of Asters grown in pots. . . 1 00

To Mrs. E. Thomas, for dish of Cut Flowers and Bouquet 1 00

To Harry Nelson, for collection of Native Ferns and Plants. . 1 00
G

42 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

To Miss Abbie Lovell, (West Boylston) for one stand of Seed-
ling Gladiolus 1 00

To Mr. James Comley, for one stand of named Dahlias 2 00

To H. 'and E. Kinney, for collection of Wild Flowers and

Berries 2 00

To Mrs. W. Y. Ilolman, for collection of Parlor Plants 2 00

Of the collections of Immortelles, there was a fine display; the ones
from Mrs. Shaff wanting names only to entitle her to a premium. So
also in the display of Ornamental Grasses, all of which should be culti-
vated, and not collections from the fields and meadows The first pre-
mium for the best six (6) Ornamental Foliage Plants was withheld from
the fact that there was a repetition from the best twelve in the collection,
(Pine Ajisonii.) Respectfully submitted,

SAMUEL FLAGG, Chairman.

REPORT ON PEARS.

Committee. — Henry L. Parker, Chairman ; Henry Phelps, John C.
Newton, James Draper, S. Harrison Knox, Alfred Davis, of Worcester ;
Newell Wood, of Millbury ; and John F. Johnson, of Northhorough.

The plan adopted the present year of reducing to one or two classes
the premiums offered for collections and opening the competition for
premiums to contributors not meinbers of the Society or resident in the
County, has been productive of good results in at least two respects. It
has increased the number and raised the standard of entries of single
plates, thereby sharpening the competition for the same, while it has
also demonstrated or at least suggested with emphasis, what ought long
ago to have been more apparent, that the size and weight of specimens
are not the only tests of merit.

In the collection of fifteen plates of the Messrs. Hovey to whom the
first premium was awarded, it is worthy of note, that while each plate
was of a first-class variety, the prevailing feature was the excellence and
perfection rather than the giant proportions of the specimens exhibited.

Among the more prominent new pears exhibited were the St. Crispin,
the Marie Louise. D'Uccles, Gen. Todleben and Goodale. Of the Tod-
leben it is unnecessary to speak. It has been grown by a few members
of the Society and has been for some time favorably known to many
others.

1874.] REPORT ON PEARS. 43

Specimens of the St. Crispin and Marie Louise D'Uccles were ripened
and tested by the Committee who were not highly enough impressed with
the quality of either to be able with any degree of confidence to recom-
mend them for cultivation. The D'Uccles is coarse-grained like the
Duchesse d'Angouleme, which pear it closely resembles with the excep-
tion that the sweetness of the Duchesse is replaced in the D'Uccles with
a sub-acid flavor. The St. Crispin bears unmistakeable marks of its
parentage in shape, color and general appeai'ance, but although a promi-
nent fruit-grower has pronounced it " a better pear than the Bartlett
ever was," the Committee are unable to confirm this testimony.

Mr. J. C. Lovell has been for two or three years the only exhibitor of
the Goodale. It is a good pear, but there are so many of the same season
equal if not superior in quality that it can hardly be recommended for
growing on that account alone. It is said to be, however, a thrifty
grower and most abundant bearer.

Mr. S. V. Stone exhibited some new seedling pears produced by
Mr. Eliphalet Stone of ITorfolk County which promise much excellence.
One of them especially, a Russet pear, shaped somewhat like the Law-
rence, but resembling in flavor the Winter ITelis, was thought to be
first-class in quality.

The Committee award the following premiums :

AT THE SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION.

CLASS L—

For the best five named varieties of twelve specimens each, in

season, Stephen S. Foster $6 00

For the second best, in season, James Draper 4 00

For the third best, in season, F. M. Marble 2 00

CLaSS 2.— (Single Plates.)

For the best twelve Bartlett, M. O. Whittier 4 00

For the second best, Moses Church 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. G. A. Chamberlain 1 00

For the best twelve Belle Lucrative, Alfred Davis 2 00

For the second best, W. H. Earle 1 00

For the best twelve Clapp's Favorite, S. S. Foster 4 00

For the second best twelve, A. A. Ballou, of Grafton 2 00

For the third best twelve, J. C. Lovell 1 00

For the best twelve Dearborn's Seedling, Joseph C. Lovell. . . 2 00

For the best twelve Doyenne Boussock, P. L. Moeu 2 00

For the best twelve Flemish Beauty, D. Kinsley ;3 ( 0

44 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

For the second best twelve, O. B. Had wen 2 00

For the third best twelve, Moses Church 1 00

For the best twelve Howell, Moses Church 2 00

For the second best twelve, Charles Richardson 1 00

For the best twelve Paradis d' Automne, James Draper 2 00

For the second best twelve, Stephen S. Foster 1 00

For the best twelve St. Ghislain, Stephen S. Foster 2 00

For the second best twelve, ISTewell Wood, Millbury 1 00

For the best twelve Washington, no award 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

CLASS 3.— (New Peaks.)

For the best twelve Beurre de 1' Assomption, E. W. Lincoln, 2 00

For the best twelve Souvenir du Congres, no entry 2 00

AT THE OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

CLASS 1.—

For the best fifteen (15) named varieties of twelve specimens
each, the varieties being restricted to those classified
among the single plates, C. H. Hovey& Co., Boston. .S^O 00

For the second best, S. S. Foster 15 00

For the third best, F. M. Marble (Grafton) 10 00

For the fourth best, Wm. H. Earle 5 00

CLASS 2 —(Single Plates.)—

For the best twelve Beurre Bosc (on one plate,) P. L. Moen. . 5 00

For the second best, M. Church 3 00

For the third best, H. Chapin 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Clairgeau, V. P. Townsend 2 00

For the best twelve Beurre d' Anjou, A. Davis 5 00

For the second best, Newell Wood, Millbury 3 00

For the third best, S J. Brimhail 1 CO

For the best twelve Beurre Diel, Samuel Smitli 2 00

For the second best, S. Salisbury 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Hardy, S. H. Col! on 2 00

For the second best, V P. Townsend 1 (.0

For the best twelve Beurre Langelier, F. Stiles 2 00

For the best twelve Beurre Superfin, Moses Church 3 00

For the second best, S. J. Brimhail 2 00

For the third best, C. E. and A. H. Bennett, Holden 1 00

For the best twelve Dix, J. C. Lovell, West Boylston 2 00

For the best twelve Doyenne du Comice, S. H. Colton 5 00

1874.] REPORT ON PEARS. 45

For the second best, Wm. Workman 3 00

For the third best, S. Salisbury 1 00

For the best twelve Duchesse d' Angouleme, E. L. Brigham. . 5 00

For the second best, J. C. Newton 3 00

For the third best, M. Church 1 00

For the best twelve Durandeau, C. Eichardson 2 00

For the second best, no entry 1 00

For the best twelve Glout Morceau, E. W. Lincoln 5 00

For the second best, J. F. Allen 3 00

For the third best, H. WiUiams 1 00

For the best twelve Howell, Moses Church 2 00

For the second best, Mrs, Shaff, Leicester 1 00

For the best twelve Josephine de Malines, no award 3 00

For the seconil best, no award 2 00

For the best twelve Lawrence, S. J. Brirahall 5 00

For the second best, Wm. H. Earle 3 00

For the third best, Wm. S. Lincoln 1 00

For the best twelve Louise Bonne de Jersey, Moses Church. . 5 00

For the second best, Samuel Smith 'A 00

For the third best, Mrs. G. A. Chamberlain 1 00

For the best twelve Marie Louise, Newell Wood, Millbury. . . 3 00

For the second best, Chas. T. Foster, Holden 2 00

For the best twelve Mt. Yernon, Joseph C. Lovell, West

Boylston 2 00

For the best twelve Onondaga, Wm. H. Earle 2 00

For the second best, C. E. and A. H. Bennett, Holden. . . 1 00

For the best twelve Seckel, Isaac Mills o 00

For the second best, Mrs. Marshall Flagg .3 00

For the third best, Wm. S. Lincoln 1 00

For the best twelve Sheldon, J. C. Whitin, Wliiliu.sville 3(0

For the second best, S. S. Foster 2 00

- For the third best, Wm. G. Maynard 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel, no award 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel Arcbange, J. C. Newton 2 00

For the second best, no awaid ] (lO

For the best tv/elve Urbaniste, V. P. Townsei d 3 00

For the second best, J. C. Lovell, West Boylston 2 00

For the best twelve Vicar of Winkfield, J. L. Estey 3 00

For the second best, Wm. S. Lincoln 2 00

46 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

For the best twelve "Winter Nelis, E. W. Lincoln 5 00

For the second best, H. Williams 3 00

For the third best, James F. Allen 1 00

CLASS 3.— (New Pears.)—
There being no Entries, there vvas of course no award.

HENKY L PARKER, Chairman.

EEPORT Ol^ YEGETABLES.

Committee — Alexander Marsh, Chairman; Thomas R. Norcross, John
D. Lovell, Rufus Carter, O. L. Hatch, Charles Belcher, WiUiam H.
Hackett and Daniel Bemis, of Worcester.

The Committee on Vegetables have attended to their duty, and beg
leave to report: The Trustees have made the experiment of having two
shows this year. The first, September 8th, at which time only Melons
and Tomatoes competed for premiums. The Tomatoes were very fine
and choice collections. There were offered for exhibition three splendid
cabbages, and two plates of peppers. October 6th the second exhibition
commenced, with large and fine specimens of all kinds of Vegetables.
Your Committee found it difficult to decide between the different collec-
tions, they being so nearly equal. Also in the Specials, there was great
competition, and so little difference that it would take a scientific farmer
to make choice of those entitled to a premium. The season having been
uncommonly good the specimens were mostly above the ordinary size,
and, so far as we were able to judge, of good quality. Should the Trus-
tees continue the two Exhibitions, your Committee would recommend
that at the first all early Vegetables be brought in for premium, such as
Melons, Tomatoes, Squashes, Beets, Beans, Cucumbers, and especially
several varieties of early Corn, etc., and that all Vegetables be in the Hall
on or before 4 o'clock p.m., instead of G o'clock as heretofore, so as to give
the Committee time to arrange the different collections and specials in
their respective places. The number of varieties in each collection should
also be stated, for the Committee to work by; and those not having the
required number should not be considered as competing for the premi-
ums.

1874.] REPORT ON VEGETABLES. 47

The Committee have made the following awards, viz. :

AT THE SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION.
MELONS—

For the best two Water, no award S3 00

For the second best, no award 1 GO

For the best Green Flesh, three specimens, Phillip L. Moen. . 2 00
For the best Yellow Flesh, three specimens, Stephen Salisbury 2 00

TOMATOES.—

For the best collection, not less than six varieties and not less

than twelve of each variety, Thomas A. Dawson. ... 5 00

For the second best, Sylvanus Sears 3 00

For the third best, Samuel Putnam 1 00

For the best Boston Market, Samuel Putnam 2 00

For the best twelve Lester, Thomas A. Dawson 5 00

For the best twelve Tilden, Samuel Putnam 2 00

For the best twelve Trophy, William Y. Holman 2 00

For the best twelve of any other named variety (Hathaway)

C. L. Hartshorn 2 OU

Three Cabbages, contributed by Sylvanus Sears, were of tine quality.
Two plates of very nice Peppers were exhibited by Samuel Putnam.

AT THE OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

CLASS 1.—

For the best collection of Vegetables, Thomas A Dawson. . . .$20 00

For the second best, no award 15 00

For the third best, no award 10 00

iJ^^The collection of Vegetables must consist of the following :
Beans, 4 varieties. Egg Plant, 1 varieties.

Beets, 4 " Onions, 2 "

Cabbage, 4 " Parsneps, 2 "

- Carrots, 2 " Peppers, 2 "

Cauliflowers, 1 " Potatoes, 4 "

Celery, 1 " Pumpkins, 2 "

Corn, 3 " Squashes, 4 "

Turnips, 3 "

SPECIAL COMPETITION: [Open only to the "Worcester City Farm and the
State Lunatic Hospital.]

For the best general collection of Vegetables, no entry $12 00

For the second best, no award 8 00

48 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

CLASS 2.— Beets.

For the best twelve Long Blood, Philip L. Moen 2 00

For the best twelve Early Bassano, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

For the best twelve Egyptian, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Sugar. Samuel Putnam 2 00

For the best twelve Turnip, Cyrus A. Lovell 2 00

For the best twelve Mangold Wurtzel, S. Salisbury 2 OU

CABBAGES.—

For the best collection of not less than five varieties, Cyrus A.

Lovell 0 00

For the second best, Sylvanus Sears 3 00

For the best three large flat Brunswick, Thomas A. Dawson. . 3 00

For the best single specimen, no award. ... 2 00

For the best three Drumhead, Simon E. Fisher 3 00

For the best single specimen Drumhead, weight not less

than 30 lbs, no award 1 00

For the best three Drumhead Savoy,- Simon E. Fisher 3 00

For the best single specimen, Cyrus A. Lovell 2 00

For the best three Early Sweiufurth, Simon E. Fisher 3 00

For the best single specimen, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best three Bed, E. S. Young 2 00

For the best single specimen, Thomas A. Dawson 1 00

For the best ihree Savoy, Cyrus A. Lovell 3 00

For the best single specimen, Cyrus A. Lovell 1 00

CARROTS.—

For the best twelve Early Horn or Short Scarlet, Mrs. S. D.

Shaff, Leicester 2 00

For the best twelve Long Orange, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

For the best twelve Red, no award 2 00

For the best twelve White, Cyrus A. Lovell 2 00

CAULIFLOWERS.—

For the best three specimens, Cyrus A. Levell 3 00

For the best single specimen, Thomas A. Dawson 1 00

CELERY.—

For the best six roots, Mrs. S. D. Shaff 4 00

For the second best, H. R. & L. F. Kinney 2 00

CORN.

For the best collection of Sweet, not less than five varieties,

Sylvanus Sears 5 00

For the second best, Alden H. Sears 3 00

1874.] REPORT ON VEGETABLES. 49

For the best twelve ears of Sweet, Cyrus A. Lovell 2 00

Tor the second best, Thomas A. Dawsou 1 00

For the best Yellow or Field, of tweuty ears traced, Frank J.

Kinney 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

CRANBEERIES —

For the best peck, C. Morse, Jr 1 00

EGG PLANT.—

For the best four sj^ecimens, Cyrus A. Lovell 1 00

HORSE RADISH.—

For the best six roots, p]. S. Young 1 00

ONIONS.—

For the best four varieties, a half peck of each, C. A. Lovell. . 3 00

For the second best, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

For the best half peck of Red, Cyrus A. Lovell 1 00

For the best half peck of Silver Skin, Cyrus A. Lovell 1 00

For the best half peck of White Portugal, Cyrus A. Lovell. . . 2 00
PARSNEPS.—

For the best twelve Guernsej', Ashley Moore 2 00

For the best twelve Hollow Crown, C. Henry Smith, Millbury, 2 00

For the best twelve Student, Cyrus A. Lovell 2 00

For the best twelve Short, no award 2 00

POTATOES.—

For the best ten named varieties, a half 2:»eck of each, Cyrus

A. Lovell. .' 12 00

For the second best, Chas. W. Turner, Holdeu 8 00

For the third best, Mrs. M. E. Woodward 4 00

PUMPKINS.—

For the best three, weight not less than 20 lbs. each,

Stephen Salisbury 2 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

PEPPERS.—

For the best half peck, Alden H. Sears 1 00

SALSIFY.—

For the best twelve specimens, P. L. Moen 1 00

SQUASHES —

For the best three pure Crookneck, Simon E. Fisher 2 00

For the best three pure Canada Oookncck, Simon E Fisher. . 2 00

50 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. . [1874.

For the best tliree pure Hubbard, Joab Hapgood, Shrewsbury, 2 00

For the best three pure Mammoth, no award 2 00

For the best three pure Marblehead, P. L. Moen 2 00

For the best three pure Marrow, Alden H. Sears 2 00

For the best three pure Turban, no award 2 00

For the best three pure Yokohama, Simon E. Fisher 2 00

TUKNIPS.—

For the best twelve English or Flat, Simon E. Fisher 2 00

For the best twelve French White, no award 2 00

For the best twelve Ruta Bagaor Swedes, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

GRATUITIES OX VEGETABLES.—

Collection, Alden H. Sears 10 00

Collection, S3'lvanus Sears 7 00

Collection of Potatoes, C. Morse, Jr 2 00

Collection of Potatoes, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain 2 00

Collection of Potatoes, Frank J. Kinney 2 00

fvlammoth Squash, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain. . ; 1 00

All of which is respectfully submitted,

ALEXANDER MARSH, Chairma7i.

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

Secretary of the Worcester County Horticultural Society.

To The Members of the Worcester County Horticultural Society:

Re-asserabled in this couvenient and ample Hall, appropriated by your
liberality to the especial purposes of the Library; and not less particu-
larly, perhaps, assigned as planned for those Weekly Exhibitions to which
the Society owes so much of its later prosperity; we may well leave to the
curious student of our Records a narrative of the weary steps that pause
at last upon the finished threshold of achievement. The tiresome mo-
notony of appointment of Committee upon Committee; each anxious for
improvement, but afraid or reluctant to initiate it; can there be traced at
tedious length. The partial alteration,— the actual and unprofitable en-
gagement of rooms elsewhere, — with the tenancy, for years, of Mechan-
ics and Washburn Halls, are detailed upon many a page. Although much
has been done that could be improved, were it to be done again; and al-
though no one of the Committee having the work in charge will pro-
nounce himself exactly suited in every respect, still there must be a con-
currence of opinion that our property is materially benefited and quite
adapted to the uses for which it was first constructed.

While it is not thought necessary to dilate largely upon the history of
this improvement, a few words may be permitted in the ascription of
their due meed of praise to those with whom its accomplishment moi'c

52 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

especially rested. To the contractor, — Mr. Benjamin C. Jaques, — signal
credit should be awarded for the taste which designed so skillfully that
which his zeal and diligence wrought out as faithfully in execution. The
Chairman of the Committee, Mr. O. B. Hadwen, ever manifested a con-
stant and profound interest in the progress of the work. But it is the
simplest justice to Mr. John C. Kewton, to state thus publicly, in this
Eeport, what was obvious at the time to some few, that the Society owes
him a debt that can never be satisfied. For days and weeks together his
attention was untiring and assiduous. He devoted his whole time to a
personal supervision of the entire process of renovation, often suggesting
alterations of striking novelty and value. Where others attempted and
meant to do their duty, it is but fair to concede the palm to him whose
well-doing wearied not.

The Society voted, at its Annual Meeting in 1873, to initiate a wide de-
parture from the usages of the past. Almost from the foundation of the
Society it has been the accepted custom to solicit the aid and contribu-
tions of all who felt kindly disposed, in the various departments of Flori-
culture and Pomology. It became inevitable, in the cordial response to
such appeal, that the tables, at each Exhibition, should be cumbered with
much that was little calculated to "advance the Science or promote the
Practice of Horticulture." The plethora of articles, in turn, occasioned
a deficiency of space, so that at last, in sheer helplessness, refuge was
necessarily sought in the ampler accommodations of Mechanics Hall. But
the greater room must not look dreary, nor unoccupied; and once more,
with the enlarged space for our Exhibitions, went forth the call for more
profuse contributions. A change had become imperative — the opportu-
nity for it was furnished by the completion of the alterations just effected
in Horticultural Hall.

As a preliminary step towards a remedy for this state of things, the
Society determined, with some misgivings it is true, to try the experiment
of holding two Exhibitions instead of the one which has ordinarily ex-
hausted its energies. At the curlier of these it was anticipated that the
Fruits, Flowers, etc., of the closing Summer might be seen in their prime.
After an interval of a month, the products of the maturer Autumn, the
ripened growth of the year, could be exhibited, as they had never been
before, in consummate fruition. Many brilliant species of Flowers have
been marred, or wholly cut off from view, in former seasons, by prema-
ture frosts, or the withering influence of drought. Half developed speci-
mens of the Baldwin, or Koxbury Kussett, were rudely plucked, but to be
placed in violent juxtaposition to the Gravenstein or Duchess of .Olden-
liuiu-. The Bartlett and Flemish Beauty found themselves pitted, in un-

1874.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 53

natural rivalry, against the Beurre d' Anjou or Winter Nelis. A radical
change of this arrangement was indispensable. You are to be congratu.
lated for having applied a remedy immediately upon perception of its
necessity.

In his Annual Keport for A. D. 1872, your Secretary urgently advised
" the abolition of the existing system of classification ('of Apples and
•' Pears') as meaningless and unprofitable, and the substitution therefor
" of a direct competition between the different lots of the same variety."
In his Report for A. D. 1873, repeating and enforcing that advice, he
continued: " JS'ow if there were any recognized standard of quality by
which to determine the pre-eminence of a particular variety, our present
system of classification might not be so objectionable. But, while one
member of the Committee may find the Belle Lucrative grateful to his
palate, another would rank it as insipid and utterly without merit. To
many, the chief, if not only, recommendation of the Duchesse is its size.
Take, however, the case of two lots, of different or partially the same
varieties, yet all of conceded excellence, and what test shall be applied
to decide between them? What comjDarison can be instituted between
the Lawrence and Winter Nelis, each unsurpassed of its kind! Who
shall decide that the Beurre d' Anjou is a better Pear than the Beurre
Bosc, or vice versa ? The truth is, that the whole theory is radically
vicious, and justice becomes impossible of administration under the con-
sequent practice."

The Committee, appointed to establish a Schedule of Premiums, recog-
nizing the force of the argument, resolved so to shape their action as to
give it at least partial effect. They therefore abolished a multiplicity of
"classes" among Pears, retaining but two (2) of them at either the Sep-
tember or October Exhibition, without counting the "Xew Species," of
which specimens were scarcely expected. The result is simply wonder-
ful, more than justifying the most sanguine anticipations of your Sec-
retar3\

54

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

[1874.

For your more precise intelligence of this whole matter, the more
necessary as your co-operation is asked in a complete and sweeping ap-
plication of the general principles, a table is appended of the Entries of
Pears, at each Exhibition, whether in Classes or as Single Plates :

SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION".

Class One (1) Fifteen (15) Varieties.

Class Two. (2) Single Plates.

Contributors. Plates.

Total Specimens.

Contributors.

Plates.

Total Specimens.

8 40

480

30

80

960

Aggregate of Pears in September,

1,440

OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

Class One. (1) Fifteen (15) Varieties.

Class Two. (2) Single Plates.

Contributors.

Plates.

Total Specimens.

Contributors.

Plates.

Total Specimens.

6

90

1,080

73

279

3,588

Aggregate of Pears in October,

4,668

Besides which there were offered, in the Classes where they were in-
appropriate, or for exhibition, exacting space that was illy spared, fifty-
one (51) plates containing six hundred and twelve specimens.

A simple analysis of these figures supplies its own commentary. Four-
teen (14) contributors to these two Exhibitions demanded and must have
room for one hundred and tliirty (130) plates, containing fifteen hun-
dred and sixty (1560) specimens; whereas the display of forty-five
hundred and forty-eight (4548) Pears excited the emulation and nerved
the zeal of one hundred and three (103) competitors. Whatsoever was
choicest and fairest — that which would arrest and rivet attention— in fact,
the pick and cull from the entire crop was eliminated for array upon the
Sino-le Plates. Class One (J) the collection of fifteen varieties between
which the diversities of appearance, size, and flavor might be as wide as
the poles are apart, should be welcome to whatever remained after Class
Two (2), with its Single Plates, was filled.

1874.]

REPORT OF SECRETARY.

55

But, for a more forcible illustration of this point, let us consider the
Apples— our staple and most valuable fruit :

SEPTEMBER EXHIBITION.

Class 1.

Contributors.

Plates.

36

Total Specimens.

7

360

Class Two. (2) Single Plates.

Contributory. | Plates. Total Specimens.

36 1 80 i

Aggregate of Specimens in September,

800
1,16J

OCTOBER EXHIBITION.

Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Contributors. Plates. Total Specimens

27 286 2,860 I 45

Aggregate of Specimens in October,

Class Seven. (7) Single Plates.

Contributors. Plates, i Total Specimens.

184

1,840
4,700

The inadequacy of the space available for our Autumnal Exhibition (in
October especially), was painfully evident. And yet, at that Exhibition,
room was assigned to three hundred and seventy-six (376) plates, con-
taining three thousand nine hundred and forty (3940) Apples and Pears,
which were inferior to others of their kind upon the tables, and whose
simple exclusion would not onlj' have involved a proper saving of ex-
pense, but also a downright economy of labor. Room must be gained in
some.way. In what manner more effectually, or to greater satisfaction,
than by the abolition of every remnant of an obnoxious system, which
has no other recommendation but that of antiquity! It was well enough
a generation since to avail ourselves of the experience of the Massachu-
setts Society. But we are now taught by a lifetime of personal observa-
tion, and have no excuse for disregard of its admonitions.

The evil is as apparent in the Vegetable Department, which justly
demands so much of your attention, and which, within a few years, has
been raised to a position of signal eminence. Competent judges express-
ed Ihe opinion that a'better display of Vegetables was never seen in

56 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

Massachusetts thau that which struggled for exhibition last October in
the Hall of Ceres. And yet there too were great collections — mere
numerical aggregates of species, of every one of which superior speci-
mens were shown by the same contributors in their single lots. 'No man
who proposes to contest the palm of excellence for Corn, Squashes or
Potatoes will risk his chances by merging his best samples in a general
collection, any more than he would imperil his whole hopes by first exhib-
iting his productions, blighting their freshness, at the poor old Hippo-
drome. All " general collections " in the Vegetable Department are as
meaningless (while they are even more cumbersome) as they have been
found among the Fruits. Your Secretary has no hesitation therefore, in
advising that all general collections, whether of Apples, Pears or \'eget-
ables, be abolished. That the sums thereby saved be applied to the
greater encouragement of the several species in the various Genera of
Field and Garden products. That quality be our sole aim, at the expense
of quantity or specific gravity — this latter with due deference to the
Committee on Pears. That, for example, three mangolds be accepted as
evidence that a cartload just like them could have beeu piled up, to the
annoyance of every one.

The holding of two Autumnal Exhibitions was so novel that much
must be allowed for the inexperience of your Officers and Committees.
A similar excuse will not suffice for another year. The amount of space
at our command is a known quantity. The amount which can be assigned
to the several departments should be as exactly determined. If Cut
Flowers are welcomed in September they must be excluded in October
Where there is a will there is a way to the systematic arrangement of
exhibitions. Frame our new schedule of premiums with strict heed to
these suggestions; require its enforcement as rigidly as that of the an-
cient code, whereof we are told that it " altereth not," and you will find
that your Halls are ample for the convenient display of everything worthy.
For aught else let Agricultural Hall make provision.

In apparent contradiction to the preceding recommendation may be
thought the advice that a special class be established in their proper
department for Crab Apples. But their development, both in size and
quality, has been so marked, of late years, that this Society would fall
short of its surpassing aim did it fail to take full cognizance of their
present absolute merit and of their prospective excellence.

The offices of Secretary and Librarian, having been disconnected at the
last annual meeting of the Society, the condition of the Library will be
presented to you by the officer in whose charge it is placed. At his
request the duties of Librarian were discharged by your Secretary until

1874. J KKPORT OP SECRETARY. 57

the first day of April, at which time the renovation of the Hall was com-
menced. But in relinquishing the trust so long committed to him, the
writer may be pardoned if he seeks to impress you with a more profound
sense of the absolute importance to the well-being and growth of the
Society, that the Library should be kept easiJ}' and constantly accessible
Our weekly meetings owe their origin to the perception of this need, and
their permanence, so indispensable to our continued prosperity, can be
secured in no other way. This Hall of Flora should be an attractive
and comfoi table place of resort for our members, to which they may come
at any hour, with a reasonable assurance of finding books or magazines
handy for consultation. Such accommodation is especially due to those
of our associates who dwell in the towns of the County, whose occasions
for visiting this City are uncertain and impossible of subjection to any
fixed rule. The use of our Library is far too restricted at best. Let it
not be our reproach that we accumulate knowledge but to seal it up
hermetically.

The interest in Floriculture, so decidedly manifested in 1878, was plainly
shown throughout the past summer. The offer of premiums for contri-
butions by amateurs has been continued to common advantage. The fail*
grower of Flowers or Plants gets some compensation, slight enough it is
true, for her trouble, while the public, or so many as take the pains to
attend, have an opportunity of witnessing the results of combined skill
and taste that would not be available otherwise. A marked advance was
evident in the construction of Floral Designs, at the September Exhibi-
tion particularly. In this class, although many are content to display the
merest patchwork, a larger number have set for themselves a high stand-
ard of excellence. All that can be done to stimulate ambition and foster
effort in the Floral Department should be sanctioned with the warmest
heartiness. The worship of Flora does not, it is too sadly true, exempt
her devotees from the infiuence of envy and ungenerous feeling. But
malice and all uncharitableness are not necessary attendants upon the
love for beautiful things, and we can afford to watch and wait for that
growth in grace which will be sure to ensue upon development in
nature.

The interruption to our weekl}- meetings, caused by the work of altera-
tion in our Halls, was somewhat prejudicial to the success of the Sum-
mer Exhibitions. The habit of attending them is easily lost in the hurry
and bustle of life. Kevertheless, thanks to the zeal of those whose
interest never flags, there was almost invariably something to repay study
and invite examination. Upon the 19th of March a display was inaugu-
gurated for the first time in the vernal season of Azaleas, Primroses, and
8

58 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

Spring-blooming Bulbs. The contributions to that show were many and
various, affording good promise for its repetition hereafter.

Much difficulty has been experienced throughout the year by the
tardiness of the seasons — flowers and fruits scarcely ever maturing at the
date anticipated. For the first time in fifteen years the Annual Exhibi-
tion of Roses aud Strawben-ies had to be postponed. A similar necessity
of deferring their exhibition became imperative in the case of all the
Small Fruits in turn.

The crop of Strawberries during the past season, and their display upon
our tables, was never svxrpassed nor even equaled. The prevalence of the
finer varieties among the collections was a gratifying and especially no-
ticeable feature. The cultivation of the Jucunda or Downing exacts but
little more care, and their superior flavor, whether grown for home con-
sumption or the market, amply rewards one for additional labor. No true
horticulturist should be content with aught but the best. The commu-
nity will speedily come to appreciate the success of his efforts, and remu-
nerate him by taking the surplus of his croj) upon his own terms.

The display of Raspberries and Cherries was meagre enough. It
will be cause for regret, should the cultivation of the Raspberry, conge-
nial as it is to our soil, be generally relinquished. It is true that the
Peach is imported from the South, to become its successful competitor in
open market. But even the Peach may fail elsewhere, as during the
present year. Besides which, the one costs but the labor of cultivation,
while to procure the other we must first obtain the money to send away
for the purchase of fruits that fail to mature at home. Although this can
hardly be predicated with exactness of the Peach, grown well and con-
stantly in former years throughout Worcester County, and requiring,
doubtless, only the happy conjuncture of sound trees aud a suitable soil
to reward the assiduity of the orchardist.

It has been gratifying to notice the reappearance of the Plum upon
our tables, after its utter loss had been apprehended. Nothing but dili-
gence and ordinary watchfulness are required for its successful culture.
A society that numbers so many good pomologists among its members
should not allow itself to be thwarted by an insignificant insect, in the
effort to propagate any species of fruit. That which has just been said of
the Plum, may be repeated even more truly of the Quince. Formerly
grown in every garden, how few bushes have been planted to replace
those that were destroyed by the terrible frost of a dozen years since.
And yet, with their vitality unimpaired, a crop is more certainly gathered
from them than from the Apple. Delicious for conserves, there is ever
a steady demand for them, which it would appear to be for the interest of

1874.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 69

some one to supply. The orchardist depends too exclusively upon chance,
if, like the Southern planter, he places his sole reliance upon a single
crop. The cravings of the palate are as varied as the seasons; and as the
measure of Procrustes would not fit every-one, so neither can individual
appetite, or the lack of it, be established as an immutable law.

The usual misrepresentation has followed us throughout the past sea-
son, impeding our efforts and lessening our usefulness. Disappointment
at the failure to win expected premiums has led to withdrawal from
competition at future exhibitions, accompanied by scarcely veiled impu-
tations of gross partiality on the part of the judges. One person, aftei
boasting of his success in growing a particular fruit, replied to the inquiry
of your Secretary, why he failed to show specimens at our Exhibition,
that a friend of his remarked to him in 1873, in Horticultural Hall, " Why
do you bring your Peaches here? You cannot get a premium." Now,
if that man was a member of the Society, his insinuation simply betrayed
the fact that our privileges are sometimes unavoidably conferred upon
those wholly unworthy of them. If he was not a member, he abused our
hospitality, which suffered him to intrude upon enjoyments that he proved
himself incapable of appreciating by his facile evolution of a gratuitous
slander. In either case he told a sheer falsehood, which is none the less
rank that its exposure has been so frequent and thorough. The Com-
mittee on Peaches, etc., is constituted of members of whom W. "W. Cook,
Joseph C. Lovell, of West Boylston, and Paul Whitin may be taken as
representatives. The awards have mostly been given away from Wor-
cester. If anybody fancies that the gentlemen named, or their colleagues,
would be unduly swayed by fear or favor, he will enjoy a monopoly of his
jaundice. Yet disappointed greed is ever calumniating such men, impu-
ting to them faults that itself would be too happy to commit did occasion
serve.

The Autumnal Exhibitions of our Society, changed though their date,
were subjected to their usual rivalry. The parade of the comic Gyas-
cutus, in a neighboring town, might be expected to offer irresistible
attraction to congenial minds: but the persistence of the Agricultural
Society, in its futile efforts to organize a horticultural display, after its
formal and unrepealed vote to abandon such waste of its scantj"^ means,
is inexplicable upon any theory of a prevalent comity. It is to be regret-
ted that some of our active members, notably Trustees, feel at liberty to
serve two masters; disregarding the moral precepts instilled into their
youthful minds, which warn them how they " make unto themselves
friends of the mammon of unrighteousness." Better, although he may
appear to utter it in his own praise, that they imitated the example of

CO WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

your Secretary, who, when solicited to grind in the same prison-house, as
chairman of a notorious committee, felt that there was " too much pork
for a shilling." He scrupled religiously against " casting away pearls."
He was too polite to deliver a sermon from the text, " De te fabula nar-
raiu?-." May we not ask of our associates of the Society, and upon the
)joard of Trustees, that they shall hereafter walk more circumspectly?
thereby saving their bacon!

That infectious disease, the blight, manifold in its methods as inexplica-
ble in its insidious operations, has been unwontedly destructive during
the past official year. In England, such were its ravages that it has
received a specific appellation, and is feared but respected as the "Amer-
ican Blight." There it appears to prove as fatal to the Apple as, until
lately, among ourselves it has shown itself to the Pear. But even at
home, unless the scrutiny of keen and interested observers is at fault, its
deadly sphere is widening. Many a goodly tree in our Worcester orchards
has succumbed to it — not alone depriving its owner of the present crop,
but also destroying his hopes for the future. Your Secretary has expe-
rienced a personal disappointment from this cause, where he had trusted
to be of service to this Society and the community. In two instances
stocks upon which he had ingrafted new species of Pears, whose thrifty
growth for three years gave promise that their quality might be speedily
tested, suddenly shriveled in leaf and branch, lingered awhile and died.
The Souvenir du Congres failed in this way upon the Belle Lucrative,
and the Duchesse de Bordeaux upon the Glout Morceau. Of this lattei
variety, by the way, of unrivalled excellence when soundly matured, we
lAay prepare to take final leave. Superb of flavor, as unique in foliage
and wood, what wonder that it should have provoked the especial com-
ment of our late associate, George Jaques — eliciting from that shrewd
observer continual references to its singular likeness to the Quince.
Whichever may have preceded in the race of " natural selection," it is
growing rapidly and sadly evident that in the mortal disease which
threatens their speedy extermination no specimen of ei-her will remain
to illustrate a " survival of the fittest." Kemedies without number have
been suggested, tried, and found ineffective. Our learned associate,
Thomas Meehan, is of opinion that weakness of the tree, due to insuffi-
cient nourishment or the lack of suitable food, is the one adequate cause
to which the origin of the blight may be attributed. Pie thinks that the
potash in the soil has become exhausted, no longer being restored in the
form of wood ashes, whose beneficent influence upon plant-growth is
utterly lost in the residuum from anthracite. This is in his favor, at
least, and so far supports his theory (which lie cL'iims to have practically

1874,] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 61

demonstrated), that our original orchards were planted upon forest clear-
ings, or upon those natural openings whose rich humus was the accumu-
lation of centuries.

And here it is perhaps as pertinent as anywhere to express a regret that
the Society has failed to concur with the Secretary in his estimate of the
value to the members of a course of Botanical Lectures. Possessing, in
our own Commonwealth, a Master of that science, to whose teachings the
learned of all lands reverently hearken, we plod along in contented igno-
rance, and decline to avail ourselves of the instruction that ought to be
eagerly solicited. Few will read, even cursorily, fewer still will spare
time to study the printed text-book, but all would listen eagerly, as, with
lucid utterance and earnest enthusiasm, the profound knowledge of Asa
Ch-ay should be instilled into willing ears. There are some in the com-
munity for whom sonorous periods and vapid verbiage have lost their
fascination. If merel}' as an intellectual problem it might be worth while
to test the attraction, if any, that sound learning has for the public.

The continual need of studying, or identifying varieties of flower or
fruit, inadequately met as it has been, would, of itself, be sadly sugges-
tive; but when, in addition, we have had to miss the constant presence
and unwearied fidelity of our late associate, our sense of the deprivation
experienced by the Society in the death of John Milton Earle, acquires a
keener poignancy. Appropriate action was taken by the Trustees, at a
special meeting, in solemn recognition of the loss to the Society, as well
as to the cause of Horticulture, occasioned by his decease. It is no part
of my purpose to attempt his eulogy, or to disturb a single leaf of that
autumnal chaplet that lies so softly upon his grave. But yet I may, per-
haps, be pardoned, as one whose memory goes back to events beyond the
personal knowledge of most of you, if I revert to his early participation
in these meetings at the Old Town Hall, by the origination and mainten-
ance of which William Lincoln, Christopher C. Baldwin, Emory Wash-
burn, and George Folsom did so much to awaken and foster a love for
botanical research among the pupils of our public schools. Sharing in
their early morning rambles, when, armed with baskets or plant-case,
they sallied forth to ransack Newton Svvamp or Salisbury Grove, he was
also as eager as the youngest boy among them to detect the Orchis or
Cardinal Flower in the mass of weeds beneath Avhich it had been hidden.
A close and observant student of nature, he had early learned to inter-
pret her language, and to master the abstruse lore which serves as a veil
to her hidden mysteries. Those lectures, if so they may be termed,
unstudied and informal as they were, supplied pretty much all the
knowledge of botany ever acquired l)y those who were privileged to listen

62 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1874.

to them. Were the facilities for ohtaining useful knowledge as freely
extended to scholars at the present day, it is quite possible that our boys
and girls might be less thoroughly versed in the recondite science of the
demi-semiquaver, but yet be able to distinguish a mushroom from a
toadstool.

But not only in this sphere of labor did our late associate strive to
impress a perception of the beauties of the natural or cultivated landscape
upon the minds of the people with whom his lot was cast. The columns
of the Massachusetts Spy, of which he was so long the careful and untir-
inof Editor, bear constant testimony to his horticultural devotion. Of the
incalculable debt of this Society to him, and to William Lincoln, who at
the same time occupied the editorial chair of the National -^gis, no one
can form an adequate estimate who has not searched the older tiles of the
newspapers for records of our earlier transactions. But for them, and
for their willingness to publi.sh the reports of our committees, however
extended, we should be left utterly without trace of the history of our
Society during its original decade of struggles for a feeble existence.
For that great service, little appreciated in its day, our gratitude should
be acknowledged without stint, now that the worth of what he did so
unselfishly can be properly estimated.

In his apt remarks to the Trustees, officially announcing the sad event,
the President placed especial emphasis upon the thoroughness of Mr.
Earle. Perhaps no one, more frequently than your Secretary, had occasion
to notice this characteristic of his mind. He could not be content so long
as doubt rested upon any point which it was possible for personal research
to resolve. Many an afternoon has he spent at the Library, hunting
throuo-h its shelves for curious volumes of horticultural lore, in which he
has left no one behind him so profoundly versed, and poring over their
]>ages for hours, in patient effort to determine some question that had
been submitted to him in floriculture or pomology. He was human, it is
true, and his impatience was occasionally manifested when ignorance or
slothfulness sought to impose upon him the decision of matters which the
least study or observation would have enabled the querists to settle for
themselves. But even his better nature would regret the hasty word,
impelling him to atone to those so little deserving, by lavish drafts upon
his treasured stores of information.

If in some of his later years he was partially withdrawn from us by the
cares of official life, with its too long deferred remuneration, the sever-
ance was but temporary — party ingratitude discharging the veteran whose
best energies were wasted in its service. Thenceforward his ancient zest
for all horticultural pursuits seemed to gain renewed vigor. Upon your

1874.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 63

Committee of Nomenclature he assumed almost the whole responsibility,
for which indeed no other was so well fitted. Homer sometimes nodded.
Nov is it strange that the burden of advancing years should have at times
affected the recollection of our friend, suffering him to fall into the snare
shrewdly but good-naturedly planned to entrap him. But it is safe to sa}'
that those who ventui-ed to differ from him, in naming or identifying
varieties or species, whether of flower, fruit or vegetable, in all which he
was equally proficient, had need to know well their ground. What he
deemed probable was pretty likely to be as he thought. What he asserted
for a fact was generally found, by reference to Downing or Burr, to be
sustained by the preponderance of authority.

Neither the Horticultural Society nor the community will ever justly
estimate their debt to Mr. Earle for his labors to introduce new flowers or
fruits. He was an assiduous student of the foreign Catalogue.s — keeping
alive his familiarity with French that he might the more freely corre-
spond with Leroy and his compatriots. One of the latest, as it was the
greatest of his acquisitions, was that superb Pear — the Doyenne du
•Comice. Of his being the first to make this variety known in Worcester,
he never wearied of speaking to your Secretary, whensoever its name was
repeated in his hearing.

But his place upon our committee is unfilled, and his name upon our
rolls no longer elicits a response. Yet his fruits will continue to depend
from the bough, reminding us of his good deeds, and his portrait, upon
the walls of this goodly Hall of Flora, appropriate!}^ commemorates the
completion of a work that he would have rejoiced in, but was not spared
to see. May that speaking likeness ever bring back to us a quickening
sense of his cheering presence. May it also stimulate, at least in our
younger members, the ambition to partake of his enthusiasm and to rival
his success!

All which is respectfully submitted,

EDWAED WINSLOW LINCOLN,

Sec7-etary.
Hall of Flora, November 4, a.d. 1874.

EOLL OP MEMBEBS.

ROLL OF MEMBERS

OF THE

Worcester County Horticultural Society.

By the term "Date," it is meant to comprise all the accessions of members
from the original foundation of the Society. Where no numerals appear in that
column, it is to be understood that the members, opposite whose names there
are no figures, were entered upon the Eoll of the Society previous to and coeval
with the "List of Members," which was published in the "Transactions of The
Worcester County Horticultural Society for the years 1852 and 1853."

Those members whose names are marked with a star (*) are deceased.

A.

Date.

Name.

Residence.

1870

Abbott, Ebenezer E

Worcester.

Adams, R. W.

Barre.

Adams, Otis*

Grafton.

1808

Adams, George A.*

Worcester.

1867

Adams, John C.

tC

Aldrich, Paine*

Worcester.

1859

Aldrich, P. Emory

'•

Allen, W. E.

Worcester.

Allen, George

K

Allen, Charles*

(i

Allen, Samuel*

i(

Allen, Jas. F.

(<

Allen, L. S.

t(

1855

Allen, Alvan*

"

1855

Allen, Mrs. Mary A.

"

1856

Allen, B. D.

"

1868

Allen, Mrs. Charles

L.

1871

Allen, Miss Lizzie G

'•

Allen, Silas* Shrewsbury.

Allen, Jonas H.

n

Allen, Asa H.

11

Allen, Joseph* Northborough.

Allen, T. P.

Sterling.

1872

Ames, Edwin

Worcester.

1870

18G7

1864

Date.

1862

A.

Angler, E. P.* Toledo, O.

Andrews, S. C. Worcester.

Armsby, J. M. C* "

Armsby, Miss Ella A. "
Armsby, Geo. F. "

Armsby, Mrs. Geo. F. "
Armsby, Lewis Northbridge.

B.

Name. Residence.

Bancroft, T. W.* Worcester.
Bancroft, Mary C* "

Bancroft, Mrs. Mary M.

Bancroft, Chas. P.
Barton, Ira M.*
Barton, Wm. S.
Barton, Geo. S.
Barton, Mrs. M. L.
Barbour, Wm. C.

Boston.
Worcester.

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

B.

Date.

1864
it

1SG5

1860
1853

1859
1870

1860

1853
1865

1867
1872
1874
1870

1853

1863
1855

Residence.

Worcester.

N. Y. City.
Worcester.

Brookliue.

Barber, Miss K. E.
Barber, Geo. "

Barber, Mrs. Geo. "

Barber, Miss Isabella G. "
Barnard, E. L.* "

Barnard, Mrs. E. L. *'

Barnard, John* "

Barnard, Geo. A. "

Barnard, Miss Caroline* "
Ball, Richard* "

Ball, Phineas "

Ball, D. Spencer.

Bartlett Mrs. Theodore H. Wor.
Barllett, Stephen* Cambridge.
Barrows, Wm. Worcester.

Barrows, A. Herbert "

Bates, Geo. A. "

Bates, J.N.
Bates, H. G.
Baylies, A.*
Barker, Wra.*
Banister, Emory
Banning, E. M.
Barnes, Artemas
Basselt, D. H.
Banks, Thomas S.
Batchellor, Elhanan* Sutton.
Batchelder, E. D.* N. Brook'd.
Bachelor, Chas. O. Northbridge
Bachelor, Mrs. Chas. O. "
Babbitt, Pliny H. Barre.

Bangs, Mary G.* Worcester.
Baker, Zephaniah
Baker, Jacob
Baker, Mrs. Jacob
Baker, Mrs. L.
Bacon, Mrs. John E.* '•
Bacon, John E.* "

Ballard, John S. "

Ballard, Harry "

Ballard, Edgar
Baldwin, John S. '

Berry, Zebina E.
Bemis, Merrick "

Beach, Lucius "

Bent, Chas. M.
Bennett, Mrs. Sarah F. "
Belchei, Charles "

Bennett, James Leominster.
Bertody, Miss M. F. Leicester.
Bentley, Geo. W. New London.
Bickford, Wm. M.* Worcester.
Bigelow, Lewis* "

Dudley.

Worcester.

B.

Dale.

1872

1856
1855

1871

1855

1866

1868

1855
1864

18.59

1863
1864

1874
1874

Beside nee.

Worcester

Bigelow, Walter
Bigelow, Walter* "

Biselow, Walter R. "

Bigelow, Luther H.* "

Bigelow, Mrs. Luther H. "
Bigelow, James W- "

Bigelow, Geo. C* "

Billing, Aaron* "

Bigelow, Charles Grafton.

Bigelow, Everett W. W Boylston
Bisco, Dwight Leicester.

Biscoe, Thos. C. Grafton.

Blood, O. H.* Worcester.

Blood, Mrs. O. H. "

Blake, Jas. B.* "

Blake, Frederick A. "

Bowen, Geo.* Cleveland, O.
Bo wen, E. H.* Worcester.

Bowen, Charles "

Boyden, Jos. "

Boyden, John "

Boyden, Elbridge "

Bond, Joseph* "

Bond, Joseph E. "

Bond, Thos. No. Brookfielfl.
Bottomly, Thomas* Leicester.
Bottomly, Booth* "

Boynton, John* Templeton.
Bowman, C. D.*
Bowman, Jos.*
Boyd. John*
Boland, Tobias
Boswell, Mrs. Annie E.
Bowker, Sewall H.
Brooks, A. J.
Brooks, John*
Brooks, J. H.
Brooks, Mrs. C. E.
Briggs, Joseph* "

Brigiiam, E. L. "

Brown, Albert* "

Brown, Wm.* "

Brown, Alzirus "

Brown, Geo. A. "

Brown, Thomas '*

Brown, Mrs. J. Wilkinsonville.
Brown, Jonas "

Brown, Miss Josie E. "

Bradley, Osgood Worcester.

Bradley, Mrs. Osgood "

Brimhall, Silas J. "

Brimhall, Mrs. Silas J. "
Bruso, Elizabeth F. "

Oxford.

N. Braintree.

Shrewsbury,

Worcester.

Harvard.

Princeton,
Worcester.

ROLL OF MEMBERS.

Ill

B.

C.

1S72
1855

1858
1870

1855

1864

1871

1856

1863

1872

1854
1855

Residence.

Worcestei-.

Name.

Breck, Moses T.*
Breck, Mrs. H. B.
Bryant, Mrs. E. "

Brigliam, Chas. Grafton.

Brummett, Luke* Leicester.
Bull, Trumbull Harvard.

Bullock, A. H. Worcester.

Bullock, Mrs. A. H. "

Bullock, G. Augustus "
Bullock, Miss Isabel H. "
Bullock, Miss Fanny "

Burbank, John G.* "

Burbank, J. L.
Burbank, G. G.
Burbank, Asa L. •'

Burbank, Mrs. Geo. G. '•
Burbank, Miss Carrie A. "
Bush, Wni.

Bush, Mrs. Isaac "

Burnside, S. M.* '•

Butman, Benj.* "

Butman, Sarah L. "

Butman, Geo. F.* N. Y. City.
Burt, Ellis* Douglas.

Buckley, Wm. Worcester.

Burrage, Leonard Leominster.
Burgess, Dan'l S. Worcester.
Burgess, Mrs. Daniel S. "
Burr, Heman M.* Leicester.
Buffum, Benj. Providence, K. I.

C.

Residence.

Worcester.

Carpenter, L. S.

Canfield, Mrs. P. S. "

Canfield, Miss P. W. S. "

Carter, Kufus "

Capron, Wm. C. Uxbridge.

Chapin, Lewis* Worcester.

Chapin, C. P.* "

1871

1857

1869

1864
1867

1872

1863

1873
1858
1856

u

1863
1862
1864

1868

Chapin, Henry Worcester.

Chapin, Miss Annie T. "

Chapin, Mrs. Louisa T. "

Chamberlain, Thos.* '•

Chamberlin, H. H. "

Chandler, George "

Child, Benj. K*

Chase, Anthony

Chase, Mrs. A.*

Chase, Wm. M.

Chase, Chas. A, "

Chase, Mrs. Chas. A. "

Chase, Joseph "

Chase, Albert N.

Chamberlain, Geo. A.* "'

Chamberlain, Susan E. "

Chamberlain, Mrs. Geo. A. "

Chamberlin, Mrs. H. H. "

Chickering, C. C.

Chase, N. B, Wilkinsouvillc.

Chenery, Horace* Worcester.

Chaffin, T. M.

ChafEn, Oscar '•

Church, Moses "

Chapman, I. S.* "

Cbampney, S. P.* Saundersville

Champuey, Susan A. "

Champuey, P. A.* Suttcn.

Champney, S. G* ''

Cheney, Leonard Soutbbridge.

Clapp, John* Leicester.

Clapp, Silas Worcester.

Clapp, Mrs. Simeon "

Clapp, Frederick A. "

Clark, John F.«

Clark, Wm. C.

Clark, H. O.

Clark, John S. "

Clarke, Josiah H. "

Claflin, John '•

Conkliu, H. W.

Coleman, C. C*

Cook, D. W.

Cook, Sumner "

Cook, Nathaniel H. "

Cook, W. W.

Colton. S. H.

Colton,Mrs. S. H. * "

Colton, Mary R. "

Comins, D. B. "

Coe, Wm.* "

Coe, Geo. F.

Coes, Loring "

IV

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

c.

Besidence,

1855
1863

1863
1863

1870

1864
1865

Goes, A. G. Worcester.

Goes Mrs. John H. "

Goes, Frank Loring R.* "
Gonant, Edwin "

Gonant, Mrs. Elizabeth ''
Gonant, Miss Elizabeth "
Gomly, James Lexington.

Graig, Leonard* Leicester.

Gross, Wm. Worcester.

Gross, Gourtland H "

Grompton, George "

Grane, Hosea Millbury.

Griiickshanks, Geo. Whitinsville
Giilver, J. S.* Worcester.

Gurtis, Tyler P. "

Gurtis, Albert "

Curtis, Mrs. Joseph* "

Gushing, Rev. S. A. Somerville.
Gurrier, Augustus N. Worcester.
Gutter, Dr. Calvin* Warren.
Gutting, Jona* Tempietou.

1865
1871

1869

1870
1873

1855
1854
1864

D.

Residence.

Worcester.

Davis, John*

Davis, Isaac

Davis, Mrs. Isaac

Davis, Miss Alice

Davis, Samuel

Davis, Edward L.

Davis, Joseph E.

Davis, Mrs. Joseph E

Davis, Alfred

Davis, J. C. B.

Davis, Geo. C*

Davis, Henry G

Darling, H. G.

Darling, Loron New Worcester

Dawson, Thos. A. Worcester

Dawson, Mrs. Thos A. "

Day, Jonathan* "

Daniels, F. H.*

Daniels, Nathan

Daniels, George F.

Dana, John A.

Dadmun, Appleton

N. Y. City.

Northboro'.

Millbury.

Gt. Britain.

Leicester.

Oxford.

Worcester.

Norwich, Gt.

Westboro'.

Boston.

Worcester.
((

Keokuk, Iowa.
N. Y. City.
Sutton.
Worcester.

D.

Dewey, F. H. Worcester.

1865 Dewey, Mrs. Sarah B. "
" Dewey, Carrie Clinton "
" Dewey, Rosebud "

De Witt, Alexander Oxford.

De Witt, Horace S.* "

Denny, Henry A. Worcester.

Denny, Joseph A. Leicester.
1854 Denny, Chas. A.

Denny, Nath'l P.

Denny, George,*

Denny, R. S.*

1864 Desper, Wm. E.
Dickinson, Wm.
Dixie, E. F.*
Dowley, Levi A.
Dodge, Harvey

1859 Dodge, Pickering*

1865 Dodge, Thomas H.
Dodge, Mrs. Benj. J.
Dorr, Enos*

1866 Driscoll, Dennis
Draper, Wm. A.*
Draper, Edwin*

1867 Draper, Mrs. Edwin
Draper, James
Draper, Mrs. James
Drury, Arthur H,
Dresser, Geo. A.
Drake, S. A.
Dutcher, Frank J.
Dunbar. Ruf us D. *Golumbus, O

1858 Dudley,' P. W.* Whitinsville.

Dudley, Geo. J. Millbury.

1854 Dwinnell, Leonard Millbury.

Dyer, Calvin Worcester.

Dyer, Mrs. Calvin "

Dyer, Miss Hattie L. "

E.

Name. Residence.

Earle, Edward Worcester.

Earle, John Milton* "

Earle, Mrs. Sarah H.*
Earle, Mrs. Edward "

Earle. Timothy K. "

Earle. Thomas* "

N. Y. City.

Sturbridge.

Hopedale.

ROLL OP MEMBERS.

E.

1874
1862
1864
1866

1872

1858
1864
1868
1873

1855
1865
1867

1859

Date.

1854

1855
1863

1857
1858
1859

1869

1870

1867

Residence.

Worcester.

Earle, O. K.*
Earle, Anna B. "

Earle, Miss Sarah F. "

Earle, Stephen C. "

Earle, Wm. H.
Earle, Mrs. Wm. H.
Eames, Wm. "

Eames, Miss Mary R. "

Eastman, Miss Emma "
Eastman, Wm. H. "

Eaton, Thomas B. "

Eaton, Mrs. Charlotte M. "
Eaton, Charles B. "

Edwards, John F. Boston.

Eldred, Fred'k A.* Worcester.
Ellsworth, Emory A. Barre.

Ellsworth, Samuel* Worcester.
Ellsworth, J. L. "

Emerson, Mrs. Jason Millbury.

Estey, James L.
Estabrook, James*
Estabrook, James E.
Estabrook, Geo. H.
Estabrook, Mrs. Geo.
Estabrook, Daniel F.
Estabrook, Arthur E.
Estabrook. Joseph
Estabrook, G. W.

Worcester.

H.

Eoyalston.
Grafton.

F.

Name. Residence,

Fairbanks, Orrin Westboro'.
Fay, Peter Southboro'.

Farnum, Joseph S.* Worcester.
Farnum, Miss Mary J. "
Falconer, .Tames D. Worcester.
Fay er weather, J. A. Westboro'.
Felton, Oliver C. Brookfield.
Ferguson, S. B. Westboro'.

Ferguson, Geo. A. "

Ferguson, Henry C. "

Fisher, M. L. Farmersburg, Iowa
Fisher, Simon E. Worcester.
Fisher, Mrs. Jennie M. "
Field, John*

Field, Samuel T.* "

Fitch, Ezra* "

F.

1865

1863

1874
1863

1871

1856
1866

1863

1854

1874

Residence.

Worcester.

Boston.

Oxford.

Leicester.

Worcester.

Eojiston.

Fitch, Dana H.

Fiske, Edward R.

Fiske, Mrs. Edward R.

Fiske, MissLydiaC.

Firth, Abram

Fitts, Mrs. D.

Flint, Mrs. E. H.

Flagg, David*

Flagg, Joel*

Flagg, Benjamin

Flagg, Dr. Samuel

Flagg, Marshall*

Flagg, Mrs. Marshall

Flagg, Mrs. Ebenezer

Flagg, Montraville

Flagg, Nahum "

Flagg, Abijah* "

Flagg, Stephen* "

Flagg, Benj. Shrewsbury.

Forbush, Calvin W. Grafton.

Forbush, Curtis, Philadelphia.

Forbush, Jona Bolton.

Fox, Lemuel J.* Worcester.

Fox, Wm. B.* "

Fox, Wm. B. Jr.* "

Fox, Miss Annie R. S.* "

Fox, Miss Maria "

Foster, Alfred D.* "

Foster, Samuel B.* "

Foster, Stephen S. "

Foster, Miss Alia W.

Foster, Dwight

Foster, Adams*

Foster, Chas. T.

French, Hiram*

Francis, Geo. E. "

Francis, Mrs. Geo. E. "

Francis, Miss Elizabeth R. "

Freeland, Chas. W. Boston.

Fuller, Elisha* Worcester.

Fuller, Mrs. James A. *'

G.

Boston.
Holden.

Worcester.

Gates, Simon S.
Gates, John
Gates, Otis A.
Gale, Frederick W.*

Illinois.
Worcester.

VI

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Date. Name. Residence.

Gay, Wilkes Worcester.

Garfield, Moses D. Sutton.

Garside. James M.* "

Geer, George Worcester.

Geer, Mrs. George "

1856 Gerould, Mrs. James H, "
Gilbert, Joseph A. "

Gilbert, Peregrine B. "

Gilbert, Mrs. Chas. W. "

1872 Gilbert, Chas. W.
Gill, George W.

1874 Gibbs, Mrs. Mary E.

1860 Gleason, Charles W. Holdeu.
Gleason, Joseph H. "

Gleason, Jonathan R. Worcester
Glazier, Henry ''

Gould, Hiram* "

Gould, Erasmus* "

Goodrich, Jesse W.* "

Goss, William "

1865 Goodell, Arthur A. "
Gordon, Miss Eliz'th Grev "

1867 Gordon, Albert A. " "

Gordon, Mrs. Albert A. "

1874 Goodwin, Charles "

Goodenow, E. D.* "

1864 Goodnow, Edward A. "

Goulding, Henry* ''

Goddard, Isaac* "

Goddard, S. B. I. "

1854 Goddard, Benj.*
" Goddard, Daniel

Goddard, Dorrance S. "

Goddard, Mrs. D. S. "

18.55 Goddard, John D. Shrewsbury.

1856 Goddard, Silas N. Y. City.

Gorham, Chester* Worcester.

1866 Gorham, Miss Mary E. "
Gregory, Joseph E.* "
Gray, John Jr.* '•
Gray, Wm. L.*

Grout, Jonathan **

1859 Grout, J. W.* "

Grout, Miss Lizzie "

Griggs, Joseph* "

Green, Dr. John* "

Green, James* "

Green, Wm. N.* "

Green, Meltiah B. "

Green, Samuel F. "

Green, Mrs. M. B. "

1864 Green, Timothy R.* "

Green, Miss Julia E. "

G.

Date.
1871

Date.
1874

1864

1855
1870

1854
1862

1864
1871

1863
1869

Green, Samuel S.
Greeuleaf, Fred. W.*
Greenleaf, Wm.*
Greenleaf, Mrs. Myra J.*
Guuderson, Christopher*

ReMdence.

Worcester.

H.

Name.

Residence.

Worcester.

Hadwen, O. B.
Hadwen, Mrs. O. B. "

Hadwen, Chas. "

Hadwen, Mrs. Mary R. "
Hadwen, Wm. E. "

Hadwen, Chas. jr. "

Hackett, William H. "

Harris, Clarendon "

Harris, Mrs. C* "

Harris. Gideon "

Harris, Mrs. Gideon "

Harris, John A. Rutland.

Harris, Warren Millbury.

Harris, O. F. Florida.

Haven, Samuel F. Worcester.
Haven, Luther Chicago, 111.

Haven, Edwin "

Harrington, Samuel* Worcester.
Harrington, F. Jr. , "

Harrington, Adam L. ''

Harrington, C. G. "

Harrington, Stephen "

Harrington, Holloway, jr. "
Harrington, Mrs. Stephen "
Harrington, Frank W. "
Harrington, D. B. Millbury.

Harrington, John E. "

Hamilton, Chas. A. Worcester.
Hamilton, C. W. "

Hamilton, Mrs. C.Willard "
Hamilton, Edward B. "

Hamilton, Miss Fanny M. "
Hammond, John* "

Hammond, Parley "

Hammond, Mrs. H. K. "
Hammond, Henry K. "

Hawes, R. L.* "

ROLL OF MEMBERS.

VII

H.

Date.

1860
1874

1856

1862

Residence.

1859

1865

1872
1854

1864

1862
1863
1864

1870

Harding, Samuel D. Worcester.
Hartshorn, Jonas "

Hartshorn, Calvin L. "

Hartshorn, J. W. "

Hartshorn, Mrs. C. L. "
Hartshorn, Geo. F. Taunton,
Hartshorn, Mrs. Isab. F. "
Hall, Enoch Acton.

Hall, Franklin Philadelphia.
Hall, Charles Millbury.

Hall, Moses Harvard.

Hall, William Sutton.

Hall, Salmon D. Grafton.

Hale, E. E. Boston.

Harlow, A. E.* Michigan.

Harlow, Abner* Shrewsbury.
Harlow, William T., Worcester.
Hathaway, Samuel N. Y. City.
Hardon, B. L.* St. Louis.

Hatch, Cheney Leicester.

Hatch, O. L. Worcester.

Hatch, Mrs. O. L. "'

Hancock, Frederick "

Hancock, Miss Etta "

Haskins, D. W. "

Hartwell, Isaac B. Oxford.

Hartwell, G. W. "

Hascall, Jefferson Shrewsbury.
Hapgood, L. B. Shrewsbury.
Hapgood, Joab "

Hapgood, L. K. Worcester.

Hastings, C. C. P.* Mendon.
Hastings, Solon S. Princeton.
Hastings, Joseph E., Worcester.
Hacker, W. Alfred Philadelphia
Henshaw, H. G. Leicester.

Hemmenway, E. H.* Worcester.
Henderson, Jas. G.* "

Healey, Michael "

Hemmenway, D'n'l M., Millbury
Heard, Samuel Leicester.

Heard, Nathan Worcester.

Heywood, Daniel* "

Heywood, B. F.* "

Heywood, Sam'l R. "

Heywood, Wm. H. "

Hey wood, Miss Abby S. '•
Heywood, Miss Emma H. "
Heywood, Augustus Grafton.
Hicks, Mrs. S. P. Worcester.
Hillard, Mrs. John "

Hill, Alonzo* "

Hill, J. Henry "

Date.
1865

1874
1864

1868

1866
1807

1864

1804
1858

1856
1854

1856
1874

H.

Name. Residence.

Hill, Mrs. Sarah B. Worcester.
Hill, C. H. South Reading.

Hill, Aug. G. Harvard.

Hill, Washington Spencer.

Howland, S. A. Worcester.

Howland, H. J. "

Hovey, William* "

Howe, H. P.* "

Hovey, Chas. H., Cambridgeport
Howe, Mrs. E. M. Sterling.

Howe, Wm. jr. Millbury.

Howe, Church, Montana.

Holmes, Pitt Worcester.

Hoar, Geo. F. "

Hoar, Mrs. Geo. F. "

Holman, William Y. "

Holman, Mrs. H. A. "

Holman, Mrs. Wm. Y. "
Holman, Parley Leicester.

Holman, Amory Bolton.

Holbrook, Wm. D. Worcester.
Holbrook, Mrs. Wm. D. "
Holbrook, Cyrus Sterling.

Hooper, Wm. R. Wash'n, D. C.
Houghton, Alba, jr. Worcester.
Hoyle, Miss Mary Ann Millbury.
Hutchinson, Gerry Worcester.
Hutchinson, Mrs. Gerry "
Hubbard, Cyrus K. "

Hubbard, R. B. Sunderland.
Hunt, Addison A. Barre.

Hunt, S. W. Shrewsbury.

Huntington, Rev. W. R. Wor.
Hunt, Francis S. E. Douglas.

J.

Jaques, George*
Jaques, John C*
James, Horace
Jackson, Wm.*
Jewett, Darwin E.
Jewett, Ebenezer

Residence.

Worcester.

Boylston.
Worcester.
Westboro'.
Worcester.

nil

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY,

J.

Date.
1864

ISTO
1873

1854
1867

1855

1864

1870

1857
1866
1858
1865

1854
1870
1873
1867

1869

1868

Worcester.

Southboro'.
Northboro'.

Jenkins, Curtis

Jillsou, Clark

Jones, Willard*

Jones, Rev. J. D. E.

Johnson, Asa T.*

Johnson, E.

Johnson, \Vm.

Johnson, Ida W.

Johnson, Dr. H. F.

Johnson, Chas.*

Johnson, Joshua J. "

Johnson, Oliver, Sterling.

Johnson, John F. Leominster.

Johnson, Wra. H. JSTorthborough

Jordan, Mrs. Geo. A. Worcester

K.

Kettell, John P.* Worcester

Kellev, Dr. Francis H. "

Kendall, Joseph C*

Keiidall, Edward "

Keith, Timothy*

Keith, Henry K.*

Kent, S. W.

Keyes. Charles A

Keyes, W. W. West Boylston.

Grafton.
Worcester.

Kimball, Mrs. Sarah A. Wor.
Kiuuicutt, Thomas* "

Kinnicutt, Francis H. "
Kiunicutt, Eliza M.* "

Kinnicutt, Leonard P. "*
Kinnicutt,Mrs. Francis H. "
Kinney, Frank J. "

Kinney, Mrs. W. P. "

Kinney, Wm. P. "

Kilburn, Eli Sterling.

Knapp, Joel Sutton.

Knox, Samuel A. Worcester.
Knox, S. Harrison *'

Knights, Jonathan H.* "
Knowles, Lucius J. Worcester.
Kraft, Michael Leicester.

1855

1867
1870

1859
1854
1855
1854
1864

1874

L.

Lakin, Ansel Worcester.

Lazell, Warren ^^. Y. City

Lamson, Wm. C* Worcester.
Lamson, H. O. WestBrookfield.
Leicester.
Boston.
Worcester.

1854
1856

1860
1864

1865
1868

1872

1874

((

1856
1871

1861
1866

Lamb, Josiah Q.*
Lamb, Edward*
Lamb, Thomas M.
Lamb, Mrs. T. M.
Lamb, Alice B. "

Lange, Herman "

Lancaster, Mrs. Frank E. "
Leach, James Westboro'.

Leland, Joshua W. Grafton.
Leland, Horace Sutton.

Lee, David* Barre.

Lee, George H. "

Lee, Henry A. Worcester.

Lee, Mrs. Dorcas B. "

Lewis, Benjamin "

Lewisson, Louis "

Leonard, S. S. "

Lincoln, John W. Atchison, Kan.
Lincoln, Wm.* Worcester.

Lincoln, John W.* "

Lincoln, Levi* "

Lincoln, Wm. S. "

Lincoln, Edward W. "

Lincoln, Mrs. D. W.*
Lincoln, Miss G. De V.
Lincoln, D. Waldo "

Lincoln, Wm.*
Lincoln, Levi, 2d ''

Lincoln, Miss F. M.
Lincoln, Waldo
Linco'n, Mrs. Waldo "

Lincoln, Miss A. Marstou "
Lincoln, Miss M. Vinal "
Lincoln, Mrs. Kate Von W."
Lincoln, Marston "

Lincoln, Miss Adeline S. "
Lincoln, Miss Helen *•

Lincoln, PelhamWinslow "
Lincoln, Mrs. Wm. S. "
Lincoln, Mrs. Levi "

Levering, Samuel F. "

Loomis, H. F. "

Lovell, Joseph, Jr. "

Lovell, A. B. "

Lovell, Mrs. Mary E. "

Lovell, Albert A.
Lovell, John D.
Lovell, Cyrus A. "

ROLL OP MEMBERS.

IX

li.

Dalt.

1855
1863

1874

1865
1867

■1859

1863
1874

1870

1854
1859

1868

Kame.

Betidence.

Lonigan, Patrick Worcester.
Longley, James Boston.

Loring, John Leicester.

Lovell, Jos. C. West Boylston.
Lovell, Addison "

Lovell, Miss Abby M. "
Lovell, Mrs. C. Augusta "
Lovell, Mrs. Jane M. "

Lynam, Mrs. John Worcester.

M.

Boston.
Worcester.

Grafton.
Worcester.

Macullar, Addison
Mason, Joseph
Mason, John C.
Mason, L. L.
Maynard, Wm. G.
Marsh, Alexander
Marsh, Henry A. "

Martin, Miss Mary W. "
Madaus, Charles "

May, Samuel jr.*Syracuse,N.Y.
Marble, F. M. Grafton.

Marble, Henry Millbury.

Mascroft, Wm. D., Northbridge.
Mascroft, Henry C, Worcester.
McFarland, H. Framingham.
McFarland, E. D. Worcester.
McPherson, Mrs. E. W. "
Mclntire, Benjamin F. Millbury
McLellan, James Sutton.

Merrifield, Alpheus* Worcester.
Merrifield, F. N.
Merrifield, Ann B.* "

Merrifield, W. T.
Merrifield, Catharine A.* "
Merrifield, A. M. "

Merrifield, Mrs. Wm. T. "
Merrifield, Wm. F. "

Merrifield, Henry K. "

Merrifield, Maria G. "

Merrifield, Harriet "

Merrifield, Mrs. Lucy A. "
Merrick, Francis T.* "

Merrick, Sarah R.* "

Messinger, D. S. '•

Messiuger, Elizabeth F. "
Messinger, Miss M. A. "

M.

DaU.

1854
1857

1857
1872

1862
1873
1866

1854

1871
1864

Betidence.

Wor

Auburn.

Grafton.

Worcester.

Milwaukee.
Worcester.

Messinger, Miss Susie S.
Merriam, Isaac S.
Metcalf, Caleb B.
Merriam, Thomas
Merriam, N. K.
Messinger, Frank L.
Miles, C. M.
Miller, Henry W.
Miller, Seth P.*
Miller, Miss Alice M.
Mills, Isaac
Midgeley, John
Morse, James C.
Morse, Edwin

Morse, C. jr. "

Morse, Mrs. Mason H., "
Morse, Mrs. C. D. Millbury.
Morse, A.* Rochester, N. Y.
Moore, David T. Royalston.

Moore, J. H. Charlton.

Moore, Ashley Worcester.

Morey, Mrs. L. Shrewsbury,
Moeu, Philip L. Worcester.

Moen, Mrs. Maria S. G. "
Morrison, Stephen "

Mower, Miss C. C. "

Morgan, Charles H. "

Morey, Oliver S. Shrewsbury.
Murphy, John Worcester.

Murdock, Joshua jr. Leicester.

X.

Nash, Charles Worcester.

Nelson, Jonathan* "

1863 Nelson, Thos. L.
1872 Nelson, Mrs. Thos. L. "

Nelson, John* Leicester.

Newton, Rejoice* Worcester.

Newton, John C, "

1867 Newton, Mrs. J. C. ''

Newton, Miss Sarah E. "

Newton, Wm. Oxford.

1865 Newton. Mrs. Jas. H. Holyok-e.

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

N.

Date. Name. Residence.

Newcomb, Henry K. ♦Worcester.

Newell, Mrs. Ann M. "

1864 Nicbols, E. W.
1866 Nichols, Mrs. Chas. P. "
1854 Nourse, Benj. B. Westboro'.
1863 Norcross, Thomas R. Worcester

O.

Oliver, E. H.* Worcester.

1870 Olra, Matthias Newark, N. J.
1866 On thank, J. M.* Worcester.
1863 Osgood, James H. "

P.

Paine, Fred. Wm.* Worcester.
Paine, Henry* "

Paine, Charles* "

Paine, Gardiner* "

Paine, J. W. "

Paine, Ann E. "

Paine, Mrs. Charles "

Paine, Anna C. S.* "

Paine, Nathaniel "

Paine, Miss Alice W. "

Paine, Miss E. F. "

Paine, Mrs. D. H. "

Paine, Wm. R. Brookline.

Palmer, Addison Worcester.
Park, John* "

Parker, G. Dismal Swamp, N. C.
Parker, Mrs. Aaron Worcester.
Parker, Henry L. "

Parker, Henry L. Jr. "

Parklmrst, Nath. R.* "

Partridge, E. G. "

Parsons, Mrs. Solomon "
Parsons, Mrs. Sam'l B. "
Partridge, Joseph L.

1854

1855
<(

1865
1871

1874
1854
1866

1856
1856

Parraenter, Silas
Patrick, John
Patch, Whipple W.
Peaslee, Abram*
Peck, Frederick M.
Peckham, George R.

Boston.
Westboro'.
Warren.
Worcester.

N.

T. City.
Boston.

P.

Date. Name. Residence.

Peckham, Mrs. Geo. R. Boston.

Perkins, Joseph Worcester.

Perry, Samuel "

Perry, Dexter H.* "

1870 Perry, S. Pajsoii, Auburn.

Perrin, Payson H. Westboro'.

Phillips, M. D.* Boston.

1857 Phillips. Luther Worcester.

1862 Phillips, Col. Ivers "
1864 Phillips, Miss Marianna "

Phelps, Horatio *'

Phelps, J. E. "

1854 Phelps, Henry "

1863 Phelps, Geo. E.
Phelps, Mrs. Sallie
Phelps, Miss Sarah D. "
Phelps, Miss Mary R. "
Phelps, Miss Deborah "
Phelps, Miss Helen E. "
Phelps, John E. •'

1874 Phelps, Mrs. Joseph E. "

Phelps, Henry R. Westboro'.
Pickett. Mrs. Josiab Worcester.
Pickford, J. K. L. "

Pierce, Charles A. Grafton.

Pierce, Thomas Worcester.

Pierce, Charles L. "

1864 Pierce, Mrs. Chas. L. "
1874 Pierce, George M. "

Pierce, James R. "

1863 Pinkham, James S. "

1864 Pike, James T.* "
Piper, William* "
Piper, Geo. M. "
Pond, John F. "

1863 Pond, Lucius W. "

1868 Porier, Samuel A. "

Potter, Hervey K.* Grafton.
Porter, J. Jr.* N. Brookfield.
Pope, Jonathan A. Millbury.
Pratt, Joseph Worcester.

Pratt, Sylvanus* "

Pratt, Sumner "

Pratt, Mrs. Sumner "

1863 Pratt, Charles B. "

Pratt, Miss Emma A. "

Pratt, Frederick S. "

Pratt, Edward R. "

Pratt, W. W. Marblehead.

1856 Pratt, Dan'l R. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Pratt, Jotham B.* California.
Prentice, Henry* Worcester.
Prentiss, Charles G.* "

ROLL OF MEMBERS.

XI

1854

1873

1869

1856

1872
1874

1863

1871
1862

1856

P.

Proctor, Edward Spencer.

Putnam, F. W. Worcester.

Putnam, Charles L. "

Putnam, Samuel "

Putnam, S. P. Philadelphia.
Putnam, Archelaus Holden.

R

Seiidence.

Worcester.

Ramsay, O. A.
Randall, A. G.*

Read, Miss Sarah £. "
Reed, Benj.*
Reed, L. R. S.

Rice, George T.* '*
Rice, Mrs. Geo. T.

Rice, Darius "

Rice, Josiah* "

Rice, Se wall "
Rice, E. B.*

Rice, George M. "

Rice, Francis B. "
Rice, Geo. T. Jr.

Rice, Mrs. Geo. T. Jr.* "

Rice, Miss S. Elizabeth "

Rice, Mrs. J. Marcus "

Rice, Mrs. Ezra B. *'

Rice, Peter "

Rice. Miss Louisa A. '"
Ricei Abbott B. Northboro'.
Rice, Tlios. H. W. Boylston.
Rice, Danforth Leicester.
-Richardson, Geo. W. Worcester.

Richardson, Mrs. Geo. W. "

Richardson, Anna M. "

Richardson, Charles "

Richardson, Miss F. A. "

Richardson, Mrs. Charles "

Richardson, Clifford "

Ring, John "

Ripley, John C* '•
Ripley, Sarah P. T.*

Robbins, Chas. B. "

Robinson, James '•

Robinson, Mrs. James "

1870

1865

1862
1864

1866
1872
1865
1854
1867
1864

1868
1863

K.

Rockwood, Adams Worcester.

Rogers, James S.
Rogers, Israel M.
Rogers, Edward*
1856 Kuggles, Draper*
Russell, Geo. W.

S.

Webster.
Worcester.

Name. Residence.

Salisbury, Stephen Worcester.
Salisbury, Mrs. S.* "

Salisbury, Stephen Jr.
Sanford, William •'

Sanders, Eri "

Sargent, Joseph "

Sargent, Heurj* "

Sargent, Joseph D.* Leicester.
Sargent, John* "

Sargent, H. E. Chicago, 111.

Sawyer, Ezra Worcester.

Sawyer, Stephen "

Scott, Samuel B.* "

Scott, David Jr. "

Scott, Mrs. David "

Scott, Miss Alice "

Schaff, Mrs. Sarah D. Leicester.
Scofield, Jas. M.* Woi'cester.
Sears, Sylvan us "

Sears, Alden H. "

Searles,Miss L. A. Wilkinson ville
Searles, David H. Sutton.

Selby, Samuel H.* California.
Shaw, Mrs. John B. Worcester.
Shepard, James* "

Shepard, James Jr. Boston.

Siblev, Jonas L.* Sutton.

Sibley, D. B. Millbury.

Skinner, Miss Kate J. Worcester.

Slater, George B.*
Slocum, Geo. F.
Slocumb, Horatio
Slocumb, J. W.
Smalley, Elam*
Smith, Chandler*
Smith, Lewis*
Smith, Samuel
Smith, James A.

Webster.

Grafton.

Sutton.

Grafton.

Worcester.

XII

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

S.
Date. Name. Residence.

Smith, Miss Sarali M. Worcester.
Smith, Woodbury C. "

Smith, Miss Harriet A. "
Smith, Sidney "

Smith. Lemuel* Westfield.

Smith, Asa F. Grafton.

Smith, R. R. Lynn.

1854 Smith, Larkin California.
Smith, J. Sargent Leicester.
Smith, Charles Henry Millbury.

1856 Smith, L. F. Northbridge.

Smyth, W. A. S. Worcester.

1855 Snow, Winsdor N. "
Snow, Henry* Shrewsbury.
Southgate, Isaac* Leicester.
Southwick, Edward* "
Southwick, Thomas "

1874 Southwick, Mrs. Thomas "

Southworth, Charles Northboro'
Spinney, George Worcester.

Spooner, Moses* "

1856 Sprague, A. B. R.

1874 Staples, Samuel E. "

1863 Stearns, Edwin Millbury

Stebbins, Edward S. Worcester.
Stiles, Frederick G, "

1874 Stiles, Mrs. Frederick G. "
1856 Stiles, Francis Jr. Clappjille.
Stoddard, E. B. Worcester.

Stone, Daniel* "

Stone, Aaron Jr. "

Stone, Samuel V. "

1862 Stone, Timothy S. "
Stone, Mrs. Lottie J. "
Stone, Miss Mary A. "
Stone, Miss Lizzie "
Stone, Master Geo. H. "
Stone, Miss L. Jennie "
Stone, Abijah "
Stone, Job C* Shrewsbury.

1860 Stone, Josiah G.

Stone, Joseph Westboro'.

Story, Simeon N. Worcester.

Stowe, Elijah* "

1854 Stowe, Martin* "
1871 Stowe, Luther "

Stowell, L. W.*

Stowell, David D.* "

Streeter, John P. "

1855 Strong, Francis "
Sturtevant, Mrs. Harvey "

1863 Struthers, Wm. C* Millbury.
Sumner, George Worcester.

1862
1863

1863
1864

1864
1860
1872

1870

1864
1866

1858
1865
1871
1874

S.

Name. Residence.

Sumner, Mrs. George Worcester.
Sumner, Sullivan Milford.

Swett, William O.
Swan, Eliott
Sweetser, Seth
Symmes, C. T.

Chicago.
V/orcester.

K

Lancaster.

T,

Residence.

Worcester.

Taft, P. W.*
Taft, George C. *'

Taft, Stephen "

Taft, Calvin "

Taft, Mrs. Calvin "

Taft, Lyman J. "

Taft, Mrs. Lyman J. *'

Taft, Henry G. "

Taft, Edward C.

Taft, Bezaleel* Uxbridge.

Taft, Lewis S. '*

Taiuter, Daniel Worcester.

Tainter, Mrs. Daniel "

Tainter, Harvey S.* "

Tainter, Charles E. "

Tainter,Ephraim C. Philadelphia
Tainter, Mrs. E. C.
Tarbox, John L. Worcester.

Taylor, R. C. "

Taylor, Thomas Dudley,

Taylor, Samuel Sutton.

Tead, Nathaniel* Hallowell, Me.
Tenney, Daniel Sutton.

Thayer, Joseph* Uxbridge.

Thayer, Alexander New Haven.
Thayer, Benjamin Worcester.
Thayer, Horace
Thayer, Mrs. Horace
Thayer, Charles D.
Thompson, Wm. C.
Thompson, Simeon E.*
Thompson, C. O.
Thompson, Miss Ella G.

Roll of members.

xili

1856

1854
1855
1860

1855
1854
1856

1859

1867
1862

1856

1870

T.

Name. Besidence.

Thomas, Benj. F. Brookline.
Thomas, Mrs. Beuj F. "
Thomas. Benj. F. Jr. "

Thomas, Miss A. P. "

Thurston, Joseph* Worcester.
Thurston, David C* "

Thurston, Wm. H. Oxford.

Thurber, Chas. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Thurber, Mrs. M. F. "

Tiffany, P. Dexter* Worcester.
Tiffany, Mrs. H. K. "

Tiffany, John K. "

Tolman, Albert "

Torrey, Samuel D. Millbury.
Tower, H. N. Worcester.

Tower, Miss Addie L. "

Townsend, Velette "

Tourtellott, S. D.*
Tourtellott, S.* "

Trask, Mrs. F. J. Leicester.

Trumbull, John Boston.

Trumbull, George A.* Worcester
Trumbull, bu>an "

Tucker, Thomas Westboro'.

Tucker, Augustus* Worcester.
Turner, Mrs. Peter J. "

U.

Kame.

Hesidence.

Underwood, Orison Milford.
Underwood, A. Westborough.
Upham, George, Leicester.

Upham, Harvey G. Worcester.
Upham, Baylies ''

Upham, Roger F. "

V.

Date. Xame. Residence.

Vaill, Edward W. Worcester.

w.

Date.
1855

• Besidence.

Worcester.

Waite, Alvin*
Waite, Andrew J.
Waldo, Daniel* "

Walker, Asa "

Walker, Benjamin "

Walker, Joseph H. "

Walker, Joseph, West Newton
Ward, Artemas* Worcester.

Ward, Daniel "

1868 Ward, Mrs. Daniel

Ward, Frederick W. "

Ward, Mrs. Fred. W.

1855 Ward, S. D. Shrewsbury.

1859 Ward, T. W: "

1874 Ward, Miss Ella H.

1863 Warren, John M.* Worcester.
Warren, John D. "

1863 Warren, Kufus C. Grafton.

Washburn, Ichabod* Worcester.

1871 Washburn, John D. "

Washburn, Emory Cambridge.

1855 Washburn, Henry S. Boston.

1863 Washburn, Nathan Hartford, Ct.
Waters, Asa H. Millbury,
Waters, Charles H. Groton.
Watson, Horace C* Leicester.
Watson, L. S.

Weed, Jared* Petersham.

Wellington, Fred. W. Worcester.

1866 Wellington, Timothy W. "

Wellington, Mrs. Timothy W. "
Weston, Miss J. A. "

Wheaton, Henry S.* California.
Wheeler, William A.* Worcester
Wheeler, Miss F. W. "

Wheeler, George W. "

Wheeler, Mrs. George W. "
Wheeler, Wm. F. "

1854 Wheeler, Charles A.* "

1864 Wheeler, Mrs. N. "
" Wheeler, Henry A. "

Wheeler. Miss Nancy *'

Wheeler, Erastus S. Berlin.

Wheeler, Jona D. Grafton.

1863 Wheeler, Wm. H. Millbury.

Wheelock, Wm. A. Dudley.

White, Charles New York.

White, Geo. W. Cambridge.

White, Alonzo Leicester.

White, Charles Northbridge.

1863 White, William West Boylston.

1864 White, Cyrus Millbury.
White, James Worcester.

XIV

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

w-

Dale.
1872

1855
1856

1856

1863

1873

1870

1855
1863

1874
1864

1854
1862

1874
1855
1857

1863

1856
1862

1865

1854
1858

Uesidence.

Worcester.

White, Miss Louise
Whitins;, Charles H. "

Whiting, Charles B.
Whiting, Benj. F.
Whiting, George W. "

Whiting, Miss Mary F. "
Whiting, B. G. Lunenburg.

Whitin, Paul Northbridge.

Whitin, JohnC. "

Whitin, N. D.

Whitney, B. D. Boston.

Whitcomb. Carter Worcester.
Whitcomb, G. Henry "

Whitcomb, Mrs. Abbie E. "
Whittemore, Charles "

Whittemore, Mrs. Chas. "
Whittemore, Miss E. J. "
Whittemore, Mrs. Asa D. "
Whitcomb, John P.* Harvard.
Whittier, Chas. V. Northbridge.
Whittier. Mrs. N. S. Worcester.
Whittier, Melvin O. "

Whittier, Miss Mabelle E. "
Whipple, Franklin "

Wilis, Clara "

Willard, Fitzroy*
Willard, Mrs. Fitzroy '•

Willard, Calvin*
Willard, Mrs. Calvin "

Willard, Miss Mary E.
Williams, Wra. A. "

Williams, Warren "

Williams, Mrs. Warren "
Williams, James O.* "

Williams, Hartley "

Williams, Mrs. Hartley "
Williams, Miss H. F.
Williams, Miss Mary E. "
Wilson, George W. "

Winn, Mrs. Francis '

Wing, Hiram Northbridge.

Wing, Henry F. Grafton.

Witherby, L. B. Worcester.

Wood, Samuel* Boston.

Wood, J. G. Millbury.

Wood, Newell "

Woodcock, Josephus Leicester.
Woodcock, Lucius "

Woodcock, Theodore E. "
Woodward, Rufus Worcester.
Woodward, Mrs. Rufus "
Woodward, J. L.
Woodward, Henry "

W.

Residence.

1869
1864

1864
1862

Woodward, Samuel Worcester.
Woodward, Mrs. Mary E. "
Woodward, S. B.* Northampton.
Woodwell, Chas. H.* Woicester.
Work, John W. Tenipleton.

Works, Edwin D. Fitchburg.
Workman, Wm. Worcester.

Workman, Mrs. Wm. "

Workman, Miss L. J. "

Wyman, Mrs. Abby '•

Wymau, Miss Nellie M. "

Date. Name. Residence.

1854 Young, Priestlv Worcester.

1864 Young, Mrs. Priestly "

1871 Young, Mrs. Julia "

Young. Loriug* Leicester.

SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS

OFFERED BY THE

WORCESTER COUNTY

Horticultural Society,

FOR THE YEAR 1876.

SS^The attention of Exhibiters is particularly called to the Rules and Eegulations,
General and Special;

WOECESTER, MASS. :

EDWAKD R. FISKE, PRINTER.
1876.

COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS AND EXHIBITIONS.

John C. I^ewton, Chairman. Henry Phelps,
George E. Francis, Alfred Davis.

Samuel Flagg, O. B. Hadwen.

James Draper,

Wm. T. Merrifield, President.
Edward W. Lincoln, Secretary, Nos. 5 Oak and 18 Front Streets,

Worcester.

The Autumnal Exhibition commences on Wednesday, September 20th,
at 6 P. M., and closes on Friday, September 22d, at 9 P. M.

COMMITTEES OF AWAKD.

APPLES. — William T. Harlow, Chairman ; James F. Allen, Samuel
A. Knox, Kufus Woodward, of Worcester ; and John L. Brown, of

Lunenburg.

GRAPES, PEACHES, &c.— William H. Earle, Chairman; T. M.

Lamb, Charles Goodwin, of Worcester ; George Cruickshanks, of

Whitinsville ; and F. M. Marble, of Grafton.
PEAES. — Henry L. Parker, Chairman ; Henry Phelps, John C.

Newton, James Draper, of Worcester ; and Newell Wood, of Mill-

bury.
PLANTS, FLOWERS, &c.— Samuel Flagg, Chairman; George E.

Francis, Clarendon Harris, D. S. Messinger, and Henry L. Shumway,

of Worcester.
VEGETABLES. — Alexander Marsh, Chairman ; Thomas R. Nor-

cross, J. D. Lovell, Charles Belcher, and Wm. H. Hackett, of Wor-
cester.
]^=The Committees will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20th, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, to
determine the awards.

SUMMER EXHIBITIONS.

By vote of the Trustees there will be Two General Exhibitions, in the
Summer of 1876, whose precise dates will be determined by the nature of
the season. These Exhibitions will open at 3 o'clock P. M., and close at
9: 30 o'clock P. M. Admission will be without chars:e.

ROSES, FLOWERS, PLANTS, AND STRAWBERRIES.

The Annual Exhibition of Roses, Cut Flowers, Green House Plants,
and Strawberries, will be held in the Hall of Flora, between the hours
named above.

All articles for competition must be entered with the Secretary, and be
placed on the tables, before 1 o'clock, P. M.

SPECIAL NOTICE :

The Rules and Regulations require that correct and legible names shall
be attached to each and every plant or flower entered in a class of named
varieties ; and that written lists of the same shall be given to the Secre-
tary.

Strict compliance with the Rules and Regulations, to be found on
pages 9 and 10, is required on the part of Contributors and Committees.

PREMIUMS.

GARDEN ROSES.

For the best general display of named varieties $ 8 00

For the second best 5 00

For the third best 3 00

For the best arranged vase 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 5

CUT FLOWERS.

For the best collection - $ 5 00

For the second best .S 00

For the third best 2 00

GREEN HOUSE PLANTS.

For the best collection of named specimens $ 8 00

For the second best 6 00

For the third best 4 OO

PANSIES.

For the best stand $ 2 00

For the second best stand 1 oO

STRAWBERRCES.

No person can compete for more than one premium with the same spe-
cies of Berry or varieties of Fruit. All Small Fruits must be displayed
in quart boxes.

PREMIUMS.

For the best quart of Agriculturist $ 2 00

For the second best quart of Agriculturist 1 00

For the third best quart of Agriculturist 50

For the best quart of Boyden 'No. 30 2 00

For the best quart of Charles Downing 2 00

Foj the second best quart of Charles Downing 1 00

For the third best quart of Charles Downing 50

For the best quart of Col. Cheney 2 00

Far the second best quart of Col. Cheney 1 00

For the best quart of Downer's Prolific 1 oO

For the best quart of Ida 1 00

For the best quart of Jucunda 2 00

For the second best quart of Jucunda 1 00

For the third best quart of Jucunda 50

For the best quart of Kentucky 2 00

For the second best quart of Kentucky 1 00

For the third best quart of Kentucky 5q

6 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [l8Tt3

For the best quart of Lady of the Lake $ 1 Ui)

For the best quart of Matilda 1 00

For the best quart of President Wilder , 1 00

For the best quart of Lennig's White 1 GO

For the best quart of Triomphe de Gand 2 00

For the second best quart of Triomphe de Grand 1 00

For the third best quart of Triomphe de Gand 50

For the best quart of Wilson U 00

For the second best (juart of Wilson 1 00

For the third best quart of Wilson 51)

For the best quart of any other variety 1 00

CHERRIES.

For the best two quarts of Black Tartarian 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Black Tartarian 1 00

For the best two quarts of any other named Black variety 1 00

For the best two quarts of any named White variety . - 2 00

For the second best two quarts of any named White variety. . 1 00

The Second Summer Exhibition will be held at a suitable time, during
the month of August, under similar Rules and between the same hours
as the first.

The Premiums will be, —

FLORAL :

PROFESSIONAL.

For the best two stands of Cut Flowers, from Professional Florists S 5 00

For the second best two stands of Cut Flowers, " 3 00

For the third best two stands of Cut Flowers. " 2 GO

AMATEUR.

For the best stand of Cut Flowers, from Amateur Florists $ 5 GO

For the second best stand of Cut Flower, " 4 00

For the third best stand of Cut Flowers, " 3 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 7

For the fourth best stand of Cut Flowers from Amateur Florists. ..iff 2 00

For the fifth best stand of Cut Flowers, " ... 1 00

Taste in arrangement will be considered, as well as superiority of speci-
mens, in the award of all Floral Premiums.

POMOLOGiCAL.

CURB ANTS.

For the best two quarts of La Versaillaise $ 2 00

For the best one quart of J^a Versaillaise 1 00

For the best quart of Eed Dutch 1 00

For the second best quart of Ked Dutch 50

For the best quart of Dana's Transparent 1 00

For the best quart of White Goudouin 1 00

For the best two quarts of White Grape 2 00

For the best one quart of White Grape 1 00

BASPBEKEIES.

For the best two quarts each of three named varieties $ 8 00

For the best two quarts of Brinckle's Orange 2 00

For the second best two quarts of IJrinckle's Orange 1 00

For the best two quarts of Northumberland 2 t'O

For the second best two quarts of Northumberland 1 00

For the best two quarts of Hudson River Antwerp 2 00

For the second best two quarts of Hudson Eiver Antwerp. ... 1 00

For the best quart of Clarke 1 0 J

For the best quart of Franconia 1 00

For the best quart of Hornet ... 1 00

For the best quart of Knevett's Giant 1 00

For the best quart of Philadelphia 1 00

BLACK CAPS.

For the best two quarts of any named variety 2 00

For the second best " " 1 00

BLACKBERRIES.

For the best quart of Wilson 1 f 0

For the best quart of Kittatinny 1 00

For the best quart of Wachusett 1 00

WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876

APPLES.

For the best ten specimens of any named variety 2 On

For the second best ten specimens of any named variety 1 00

PEARS.

For the best twelve specimens of Beurre Giffard S 2 00

For the second best I 00

For the best twelve specimens of Doyenne d 'Ete 1 00

For the best twelve of an}- other named variety 1 t!0

TOMATOES.

For the best twelve specimens (open culture) 2 00

For the second best twelve specimens (open culture) 1 00

At these Summer Exhibitions the Standing Committee on Flowers,
Plants, &c , &c., will serve.

The Committee on Fruits, &c., &c., will consist of Messrs. Henry
Phelps, James Draper, John C. Newton, George Cruickshanks, of Whit-
insville, and the Secretary.

In order to afford the Committees an opportunity to examine and report
on the articles exhibited, no other person can be admitted to, or remain
in the Hall, between the hours of one (1) and three (3) o'clock on the days
of the Exhibitions,

1876. J RULES AND REGULATIONS.

AUTUMNAL EXHIBITIOiSr.

The Society will hold its Annual Autumnal Exhibition, A. D.
187(3, in its own Halls, on Front Street, in the City of Worcester.

The Exhibition will commence on Wednesday, September 20th, at 6
o'clock P. M., and close on Friday, September 22d, at !) o'clock P. M.

gS^" Exhibitors are notified that strict conformity to the Regulations
and Rules will be expected and required, for Iheir own benefit as well as
for the convenience of the Otticei's of the Society.

fig^ Particular attention is called to the Rules and Regulations on pp.
9 and 10, and especially to I^os. 1 and 17, respectively; the one defining
the limit of time for entries of Vegetables, and the other requiring lists
of all entries to be filed with the Secretary.

RULES AND REGULATIONS :

1. Articles offered for premium at the Autumnal Exhibiton must
be in the Halls and entered with the Secretary before six (6) o'clock P.
M., of the opening day of the Exhibition ; Provided, that all entries of
Vegetables for the Exhibition must be made with the Secretar}^ before
6 o'clock P. M., on the 16th day of September.

2. Competition for premiums is ojjen to all ; but a discount of one-
third of the amount will be made from awards to persons who are not
Members of the Society ; and it is strictly required that all specimens
offered for premium shall have been grown by the competitors, within
the County of Worcester.

3. After the articles are arranged they will be under the exclusive
charge of the Committees, and not even the owners will have liberty to
remove them, until the Exhibition is closed, when they will be delivered
as the contributors may direct.

4. No person shall be entitled to receive more than one premium for
the same specimen, and no article for which a premium has been once
awarded can receive another during the season.

5. No cards of a business nature will be allowed in any Exhibition.

6. Where a certain number or quantity of Plants, Flowers, Fruits, or
Vegetables, i> designated in the schedule, there must be neither more
nor less than that number or quantity of specimens shown ; and in no
case can any other varieties than those named in the schedule be sub-
stituted.

2

10 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

7. It will be the duty of the Committees to exclude from exhibilion all
inferior specimens. Also, all such Designs as, iu their opinion, evince an
incorrect taste.

8. The Committee have power to change the time of exhibition for
any article, if an earlier or later season renders such change necessary, by
giving seasonable notice thereof.

9. All articles offered for premiums must be correctly named. Indefi-
nite appellations, such as " Pippin," " Sweeting," " Greening," etc., will
not be considered as names.

10. N"o Flowers, Plants, Fruits or Vegetables will be entitled to a pre-
mium unless they possess points of superiority ; and the Conmiittees are
strictly required to withhold premiums if, in their opinion, the articles
exhibited do not merit them.

11. Competitors will be required to furnish information as to their
mode of cultivation, and to present specimens for trial and examination,
if requested.

12. No member of any of the Committees for awarding premiums or
gratuities shall, in any case, vote or decide respecting an award for which
such member may be a competitor, or therein have an interest ; but in
such case such member shall temporarily vacate his place upon the Com-
mittee, the vacancy for the time being to be supplied by the remaining
members of the Committee.

13. All i)remiums that are not claimed within three months after the
Autumnal Exhibition shall be forfeited to the Society.

II. The awards of the premiums will be made known as soon as the
premium cards can be filled out and placed upon the tables.

1.5. Admission to the Autumnal Exhibition, for those who are not
members of the Society, 15 cents ; children under sixteen years of age,
10 cents ; packages of five (5) tickets, 50 cents.

16. At the close of the Exhibition the Fruit, Vegetables, etc., belong-
ing to the Society will be sold, and all specimens which are not claimed
at that time will be considered as given to the Society, and will be sold
for its benefit.

17. Contributors will be required to furnish the Secretary with a list of
their articles, specifying the precise Class in which Uiey would compete.

18. " Downiug's Fruits of America," revised edition, will guide the
Committees in their decisions upon matters at issue.

1^^ Special j^otice — The several Committees will meet at 7 o'clock
P. M., on the opening evening of the Exliibitiou, to make their awards.

1876.] SCHEDULE OF PEEMIUMS. 11

PKEMIUMS.

A-UTUMNA^L EXHIBITION.

APPLES.

Committee. — AYm. T. Harlow, Chairman; James F. Allen, Rufus
Woodward, Samuel A. Knox, of Worcester ; and John L. Brown, of
Lunenburg.

g@= The Committee will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20th, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, to de-
termine the awards.

For the best ten Astrachan (Red) % 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Baldwin 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Cogswell 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Duchess of Oldenburg 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 (jQ

For the liest ten Golden Sweet 2 00

For the second best. . . ■ 1 ,50

For the third best 1 00

12 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876

For the best ten Gravenstein $ 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Holden Pippin 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Hubbardston Nonesuch 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Leicester Sweet 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Lyscom 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Maiden's Blush 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten McClellan 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best ten Mother 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Northern Sp3' 2 00

For the second best 1 60

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Peck's Pleasant 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Porter 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Rhode Island Greening 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Roxbury llussett 2 00

For the second best 1 60

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Sweet Bougli (Early) 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 13

For the best ten Tallman's Sweet $ 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Twenty Ounce 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best . -. 1 00

For the best ten Washington Royal 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

For the best ten Washington Strawlierry 2 00

For the second best 1 o()

For the third best 1 (0

For the best ten WilHams' Early Red 2 00

For the second best 1 50

For the third best 1 00

GRAPES, PEAC^HES, &C.

Committee. — William H. Earle, Chairman ; Thomas M. Lamb. Chas.
Goodwin, of Worcester ; George Craickshanks, of Whitinsrille • and F.
M. Marble, of Grafton.

^='The Committee will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20lh, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, to de-
termine the awards.

(rRAPES.

Under Glass — For the best two clusters of Black Hamburg. . . ..$ 8 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 (jy

For the best two clusters of any other named Black Grape 2 00

For the second best \ qq

For the best two clusters of While Muscat 2 00

For the second best \ 00

For the best two clusters of White Frontignan 2 (lO

For the second best 1 00

14 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

For the best two clusters of any other named White $2 00

For the second best 1 00

Fur the Ijest two clusters of Grizzly Froutignan 2 00

For the second best 1 00

Open Air. — For the best four clusters of Concord 2 00

For the best four clusters of Delaware 2 00

For the best four clusters of Diana 2 00

For the best four clusters of Hartford Prolific 1 00

For the best four clusters of lona 2 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. '■', (Massasoit) 2 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. !J, (Lindlcy) 2 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 1.5, (Agawani) 2 UO

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 10, (Meirimac) 2 00

For the best four clusters of Salem 2 00

For the best four clusters of Wordeu 2 10

PEACHES.

For the best collection of six named varieties, not less than ten

specimens each 6 00

For the second best 4 00

For the third best 2 00

For the best three named vai'ieties of twelve specimens each 8 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best one named variety of twelve specimens 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve specimens of any other named variet}' 1 00

PLUMS.

For the best collection of not less than four named varieties 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best thi-ee varieties 2 uO

For the second best 1 00

For the best single plate 2 00

For the second best 1 00

(QUINCES.

For the l^est collection of not less than three varieties 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best twelve Orange (Quinces 3 00

For the second best 2 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 15

CRAT? APPLES.

For the best display $3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the' best dish of tweuty-four s))ecimens of auy uamed variety. 2 00
For the secoud best 1 CO

PEARS.

Committee — Henry L. Parker, Chairman ; Henry Phelps, John C.
Newton, James Draper, of Worcester ; and Newell Wood, of Millbury.

ig= The Committee will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20th, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, to de-
termine the awards.

CLASS 1.—

For the best twelve 33artlett S 3 00

For the secoud best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Bosc 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Clairgeau 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre d' Anjou 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Delaunoy 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Diel 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Hardy 1 UO

For the best twelve Beurre Langelier 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Supertin 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the. third best 1 00

16 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

For tlie best twelve Dix $i 00

Fur the best twelve Doyeiiiie Boussoc 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Doyeuue du Cornice 3 00

For the second best '2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Duchesse d'Angouli'me 8 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third Ix-st 1 00

For the l)est twelve Duraudeau 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Flemish Beauty 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve CJoodalc 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Glou Morceau '6 OL

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Howell 2 00

For the second besi 1 00

For the best twelve Josephine de Malines 3 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Lawrence 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Louise Bonne de Jersey 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Marie Louise 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Mt. Vernon 1 00

For the best twelve Onondaga 2 00

Foi the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Pamdis d'Automne 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Seckel 3 00

For the second best 2(0

For the third best 1 00

For the best twelve Sheldon 3 00

For the second best i^ 00

For the third best 1 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 17

For the best twelve St. Ghislaiu $ 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel Archange 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Urbaniste 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Vicar of Winkfield 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Washington 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Winter Xelis 3 JO

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

CLASS 2. (New Pears.)

For the best twelve Beurre de 1' Assomption 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Souvenir du Congres 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best twelve Duchesse de Bordeaux 1 00

For the best twelve Dr. Reeder 1 00

For the best twelve Helene Gr^goire 1 00

For the best twelve Huyshe's Prince Consort 1 00

For the best twelve Rutter 1 00

For the best twelve Emile d' Heyst 1 00

For the best twelve Doyenne Hovey 1 00

For the best twelve Souvenir d' Esperen 1 00

For the best twelve Gen. Todleben 1 (iO

For the best twelve Due de Bordeaux 1 00

^^^The following Special Premiums are offered by the Secretary:

For the twelve best specimens of Beurre Bosc 5 00

For the twelve best specimens of Doyennd du Cornice 5 00

Foi the twelve best specimens of Sheldon o 00

For the twelve best specimens of Washington 5 00

It will be required that these specimens shall be at least equal, in all
respects, to any that were ever exhibited in Horticultural Hall ; and that

the several lots entered for competition shall remain the property of the
3

18 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876-

Society, to be shown in Philadelphia if wortliy ; or to be sold for the ben-
efit of the Society, if not deemed fit for that high honor.

1^^ Competition for these Special Premiums is open to Pomologists
throughout the Commonwealth.

PLANTS, FLOWERS, &C.

Committee. — Samuel Flagg, Chairman ; George E, Francis, Claren-
don Harris, David S. Messinger, and Henry L. Shumway, of Worcester.

g@== The Committee will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20th, being the opening evening of the Exhibition, to
determine the awards.

[Rule : All Pot-Plants shall have been grown in the Pots in which
they are exhibited.]

ASTERS.—

For the best display (one stand) $ 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the fourth best 1 00

BASKET.— (Hanging)—

For the best, grown at least one month in the basket 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

BOUQUETS.— (Hand)—

For the best pair 3 00

For the second best 2 00

BOUQUETS.— (Parlor)—

For the best pair 3 00

For the second best 2 00

DAHLIAS.—

For the best twelve named varieties 2 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 19

DESIGN.— (Floral)—

For the best $ 4 00

For the second best 2 00

FLOWERS.— (Cut) — [Variety and arrangement will be consid-
ered as well as rarity and quantity.]

For the best Collection, and best kept during the Exhibition,

not exceeding three stands 6 00

For the second best 4 00

For the third best 2 00

For the best Stand 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

For the best arranged Basket or Dish 3 00

For the second best 2 00

GLADIOLUS.—

For the best Collection, named or unnamed varieties 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best ten named varieties 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best specimen spike 1 00

For the best seedling 1 00

PANSIES.

For the best display 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

PINKS.— (China)—

For the best display 2 00

For the second best 1 00

PETUNIAS.—

For the best display 2 00

For the second best 1 00

TERBENAS.—

For the best display 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the third best 1 00

Eor the best display of seedlings 2 00

20 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876

STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS.

PLANTS WITH ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE.—

For the best twelve S 15 00

For the second best 8 00

For the best six 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best single 3 00

For the second best 1 00

PLANTS IN BLOOM.—

For the best four 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best single 3 00

For the second best 1 00

RARE AND NEW PLANTS.—

For the best collection (3 00

For the second best 4 00

FERNS AND LYCOPODS.—

For the best collection 6 00

For the second best 4 00

PARLOR PLANTS IN POTS.— (From Amateurs.)—

For the best collection, not exceeding twelve varieties 5 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best single Plant 2 00

For the second best 1 00

FERNERY OR WARDIAN CASE, from any source.—

For the best 3 00

For the second best 1 00

8176.] SCHEDULE OF PREMIUMS. 21

VEGETABLES.

Committee. — Alexander Marsh, Chairman; Thomas R. Norcross, J
D. Lovell, Charles Belcher, and William H. Hackett, of Worcester.

1^= All entries in this Department must be made with the Secretary
before the 16th day of September. And all Vegetables exhibited for pre-
miums must be in the Hall of Ceres by 6 o'clock P. M., on Wednesday,
the 2.' th day of September.

g@==The Committee will meet at 7 o'clock on the evening of Wednes-
day, September 20th, this being the opening evening of the Exhibiti(m,
to determine the awards.

BEANS.—

For the best four varieties $ 1 00

BEETS.—

For the best six Long Blood 1 00

For tlie liest six Early Bassano 1 00

For the best six Egyptian 1 00

For the best six Sugar 1 oo

For the best six Turnip 1 tO

CABBAGES.—

For the best two Large Flat Brunswick 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 OO

For the best two Drumhead 2 00

For the best single specimen Drumhead, weight not less

than .30 lbs 2 00

For the best two Drumhead Savoy 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

For the best two Early Sweinf urth 2 00

For the best single specimen . . i oO

For ihe best two Red 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

For the best two Savoy 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

CARROTS.—

For the best six Early Horn or Short Scarlet 1 00

For the best six Long Oi-ange 1 00

For the best six Red 1 00

For the best six White 1 00

22 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

CAQLIFLOWERS.—

For the best three specimens $ 2 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

CELERY.—

For the best six roots 3 00

For the second best 2 00

CORN.—

For the best collection of Sweet, not less than five named va-
rieties 4 00

For the second best 3 00

For the best six ears of Sweet 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best Yellow or Field, of twenty ears traced 2 00

For the second best 1 00

CRANBERRIES.—

For the best peck 1 00

CUCUMBERS.—

For the best half peck for pickling 2 O'J

EGG PLANT.—

For the best three specimens 1 00

HORSE RADISH.—

For the best six roots 1 00

MELONS.—

For the best two Water 2 00

For the second best 1 00

For the best Green Flesh, three specimens 2 00

For the best Yellow Flesh, three specimens 2 00

ONIONS.—

For the best four varieties, a half peck of each 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best half peck of Red 1 00

For the best half peck of Silver Skin 1 00

For the best half peck of White Portugal 1 00

For the best half peck of Yellow Danvers 1 00

PARSNEPS.—

For the best six Guernsey 1 00

For the best six Hollow Crown 1 00

1876.] SCHEDULE OP PREMIUMS. 23

For the best six Student • $ 1 00

For the best six Short 1 00

POTATOES —

For the best five named varieties, half a peck of each 6 00

For the second best 4 00

For the third best 3 00

PUMPKINS.

For the best three, weight not less than 20 lbs each 2 00

For the second best 1 00

PEPPERS.—

For the best half peck 1 00

SALSIFY.—

For the best six specimens 1 00

SQUASHES.—

For the best three pure Crookneck 2 00

For the best three pure Canada Crookneck 2 00

For the best three Pure Hubbard 2 00

For the best three pure Mammoth 2 00

For the best three pure Marblehead 2 00

For the best three pure Marrow 2 00

For the best three pure Turban 2 00

TOMATOES.—

For the best Boston Market 1 00

For the best twelve Lester 1 00

For the best twelve Tilden 1 00

For the best twelve Trophy 1 00

For the best twelve of any other named variety 1 00

TURNIPS.—

For the best six English or Flat, white or yellow 1 00

For the best six White Swedes 1 00

For the best twelve Yellow Swedes 1 00

g@= And a Premium of two dollars ($2.U0) is offered by the Secretary
for the best three (3) pure Yokohama Squashes.

24 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

A. D., 1877 -MARCH.

SPECIAL EXHIBITION OF CHINESE AND OTHER PRIMROSES, CYCLAMENS,
HYACINTHS, AND OTHER SPRING-BLOOMING PLANTS.

PLANTS IN BLOOM.—

For the best general display $ 5 00

For the secoud best general display 3 00

PRIMROSES.—

For the best six in bloom 3 00

For the second best 2 00

For the best single plant 2 00

For the second best single plant 1 00

CYCLAMENS.-

For the best six in bloom 3 00

For the second best six in bloom 2 00

For the best single plant 2 00

For the second best single plant 1 00

HYACINTHS.—

For the best six in pots 3 00

For the best three in pots 1 00

For the best single specimen 1 00

TRANSACTIONS

Worcester County Horticultural Society,

FOR THE YEAR 1875 ;

COMPRISING

THE REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEES AT THE ANNUAL EXHI-
BITION; THE REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN; THE ANNUAL
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY FOR THE YEAR 1875;
THE BY-LAWS OF THE SOCIETY;
AND AN OBITUARY NOTICE OF SAMUEL H. COLTON

1875.] REPORT ON APPLES. 27

REPORTS

REPORT ON APPLES.

Committee. — Wm. T. Harlow, Chairman ; James F. Alien, O. B. Had-
wen. Samuel H. Colton, Stephen S. Foster, Samuel A. Knox, ,T. K. L.
Pickford. Sylvanus Sears, of Worcester ; Cyrus White, Henry Marble, of
Millbury ; Lewis A. Maynard, of Shrewsbury ; and Isaac B. Hartwell, of
Oxford.

Rarely has there been a shorter or poorer crop of apples than the pres-
ent year, and never was there greater contrast between the crops of two
successive years than between those of 1874 and 187.5. That the abund-
ance of last year would be followed by scarcity this, was to have been
expected. To Herbert Spencer's illustrations of Rhythm as a prime law
of the universe, may be added the a]iple crop of New England. Not
more certainly doth day follow night — ebb-tide follow flood — perihelion
follow aphelion, and kosmos follow chaos, than a short crop of apples fol-
lows an abundant one.

That the Baldwin bears abundantly only in the even year (A. D.) has
been extensively remarked and is beyond dispute. But the fact of more
abundant crops alternating with less abundant, though unknown and un-
remarked in the case of other varieties than the Baldwin by the average
apple-grower is just as true of Roxbury Russetts, Hubbardston None-
suches, Gravensteins. Porters, Northern Spies, Holden PijDpins, Maidens
Blushes, and every ether variety, as it is of Baldwins, and is only one
instance of an all-pervading law. The noticeable thing about it is that
the bearing year for all varieties is the same — not that there are not ex-
ceptional trees of all varieties that produce larger crops in the odd than
in the even years. This is true of the Baldwin a^* well as the others —
but una hirimdo, &c. Exceptions do not disprove the rule. It is substan-
tially true that the even years are the years of plenty as regards apples of
all varieties.

28 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

One year the market is glutted with apples and the grower is unable to
realize any profit on his crop. The next year there are few apples to be
had and the price is such that no customer can afford to buy them at all.
One year the best quality is unsaleable at a dollar a ban-el ; the next it
readily sells at S4, and fruit that the previous year would have gone to
the cider mill is actually taken to market and goes quickly at $2, or even
more. In view of these facts the question has been mooted whether it
be not possible artificially to change the bearing year of apple trees and
compel them to bear apples when the}' are likely to be wanted ?

Sanguine theorizers answer affirmatively and say that a tree may be
made to bear in the odd year by preventing it from bearing in the even
year, and its more abundant crops will afterwards occur in the odd years.
Credat Judceus until it be established by future experience. Meantime I
challenge it as contrarj'^ to all past experience, so far as recorded or
remembered. It is within the personal recollection of every careful ob-
server now in middle life that during the last thirty years, although the
apple trees of New England have been frequently prevented from bear-
ing in the even year by natural causes — frosts, insects, and sometimes
unknown causes — there has never been a single large crop of apples in
an odd year. In accordance with the sanguine answer to the mooted
question, the next year following the failure of an apple crop in an even
year from any natural cause, ought to have been thenceforth established
as the bearing year. That this result has not followed would seem to
point to the existence of some occult cause of the even year periodicity
of apple plenty.

Nevertheless let those who believe they can change the bearing year of
apples persist in their experiments. If they can establish their theory as
a fact, it is a most important fact, and well worth knowing. If an apple-
grower who last year had 1000 barrels of marketable apples to sell and
waited for customers till he found one-half of his apples rotten and then
sent the rest to the cider maker, could by some art have deferred his last
year's crop till this year, he would have made his occupation the envy of
every merchant and manufacturer in the country. It is not a priori im-
possible — the discovery of such an art. Neither is it impossible but that
human wit may some time invent some art whereby to keep apples over
from a year of plenty to a year of scarcity. Find a way to keep apples as
you can keep wheat, and every apple-grower in the country, as well as
you, the finder thereof, is a made man.

Notwithstanding the shortness of the apple crop, the Annual Exhibition
of apples by this Society was highly creditable. The contrast between

1875.] REPORT ON APPLES- 29

the exhibitions of the present and last year was less than might have
been expected. Exhibitors competed for nearly every premium offered
by the Society.

Among other good results from abolition of the old system of classifi-
cation of fruits, repeatedly recommended by Secretary Lincoln before its
vi^isdom came to be perceived by all, is the great relief experienced by
Committees in making awards. Just decision between large collections
composed of different varieties of fruit was more than difficult, — it was
simply impossible. To compare and decide between competing lots of
the same variety is always possible and rarely difficult. It is to be hoped
that the simple plan adopted the present year of offering graded premi-
ums for single plates of ten specimens will be continued as the perma-
nent policy of the Society.

WM. T. HAELOW,

For the Committee.

We return the following award of premiums :

For the best ten Astrachan (Red), no entry $ 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

For the best ten Baldwin, Joseph Pratt , . . . . 3 00

For the second best, E. M. Banning 2 00

For the third best, S. E. Fisher 1 00

For the best ten Cogswell, Ashley Moore 3 00

For the second best, O. B. Had wen 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

For the best ten Duchess of Oldenburg, no entry 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 OO

For the best ten Golden Sweet, no entry 3 oo

For the second best, A. II. Sears 2 00

FoT the third best, no entry 1 (jo

For the best ten Gravensteiu, John Pierce, of W. Boylstou 3 00

For the second best, Addison Lovell, of W. Boylstou. . 2 00

For the third best, A. H. Sears 1 qo

For the best ten Holden Pippin, Joseph Pratt 3 00

For the second best, C. T. Foster, of Holden 2 10

For the third best, O. B. Hadwen 1 qq

For the best ten Hubbardston Nonesuch, S H. Smith 3 00

For the second best, D. S. Goddard 2 00

For the third best, J. L, Ellsworth 1 UO

30 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best ten Leicester Sweet, S. S. Foster S 3 00

For the second best, none worthy of premium 2 00

For the third best, none worth}- of premium 1 00

For the best ten Lysconi, Joseph Pratt 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Solomon Parsons 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain 1 00

For the best ten Maiden's Blush, A. H. Sears 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Geo, A. Chamberlain 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

For the best ten Mother, S. II. Smith y 00

For the second best, Eri Saunder.s 2 00

For the third best, Joseph Pratt 1 00

For the best ten Northern Spy, Samuel Putnam 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain 2 00

For the third best, E. M. JJanning 1 00

For the best ten Peck's Plea^<ant, S. S. Foster 3 00

' For the second best, Henry Marble, of Millbury 2 00

For the third best, S. Sears 1 00

For the best ten Porter, Eri Saunders 3 00

For the second best, A. H. Sears 2 00

For the third best, S. S. Foster 1 00

For the best ten Rhode Island G reening, D. S. Goddard 3 00

For the second best, Joseph Pratt 2 00

For the third best, A. H. Sears 1 00

For the best ten Roxbury Russett, Henry Marble, of Millbury. ... 3 00

For the second best, A. H. Sears 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. Marshall Flagg 1 00

For the best ten Sheppard's Sweet, no entiy 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

For the best ten Sweet Bough (Early), no entry 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 0"

For the best ten Tallman's Sweet, no award 3 00

For the second best, Newell Wood, of Millbury 2 00

For the third best, no award 1 00

For the best ten Twenty Ounce, Joseph Pratt 3 00

For the second best, no award 2 00

For the third best, Henry Marble, of Mil bury 1 00

For the best ten Washington Royal, no entry worthy of premium. 3 00

1875.] REPORT ON GRAPES PEACHES, &C. 31

For the second best, no entry worthy of premium $ 2 00

For the third best, no entry worthy of premium 1 00

For the best ten Washington Strawberry, C T. Foster, of Holden. 3 00

For the second best, S. S Foster 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

For the best ten Williams' Early Eed, A. H. Sears 3 00

For the second best, Edw. S. Howes 2 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

GEATUITIES.—

For Yellow Bellflower, Jno. Broadbent 2 00

For Jersey Pippin, A. H. Sears 2 (. 0

For Fall Harvey, Jno. Pierce, of W. Boylston 2 00

For collection, Isaac Mills 2 00

REPORT ON GRAPES, PEACHES, &c.

Committee. — William H. Earle, Chairman ; Thomas M. Lamb, W.
W. Cook, Horatio Phelps, Thomas A. Dawson, Frank J. Kinney, Charles
Goodwin, of Worcester ; Paul Whitin, George Cruickshanks, of Whitins-
ville ; F. M. Marble, of Grafton ; and Joseph C. Lovell, of West Boylston.

GRAPES.

Under Glass. — For the best two clusters of Black Hamburg,

W. T. Merrifield ,$ 5 OO

For the second best, S. Salisbury *•. 3 oO

For the third best, P. L. Moen 1 qq

For the best two clusters of any other named Black Grape, W. T.

Merrifield — Victoria 3 oo

For the second best, P. L. Moen — Wilmot 2 00

For the best two clusters of White Muscat, S. Salisbury — Koyal

Muscadine 3 flQ

For the second best, P. L. Moen — Cannon Hall Muscat. . 2 00

For the best two clusters of White Frontignan, no award 3 00

For the second best, P. L. Moen 2 00

32 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

For the best two clusters of any other named White, P. L. Moen,

White Nice $ 3 00

For the second best, W. T. Merrifield, Syrian 2 00

For the third best, P. L. Moen 1 00

For the best two clusters of Grizzly Frontignan, P. L. Moen 3 00

For the second best, W. T. Merrifield 2 00

Open Air. — For the best four clusters of Concord, F. J. Kinney. . 8 00

For the best four clusters of Delaware, Curtis Jenkins 3 00

For the best four clusters of Diana, no award 3 00

For the best four clusters of Hartford Prolific, F. J. Kinney 3 00

For the best four clusters of lona, no entry 3 00

For the best four clusters of Kogers No. 3, (Massasoit) no entry . . 3 00
For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 9, (Lindlcy), Horatio

Phelps 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 15, (Agawam), Wm. H.

Earle — best ripened 3 00

For the best four clusters of Rogers No. 19, (Merrimac), F. J.

Kinney 3 00

For the best four clusters of Salem, Wm. H. Earle 3 00

For the best four clusters of Worden, Chas. Nash 3 00

PEACHES.

For the best collection of six varieties, not less than ten specimens

each, no entry 8 00

For the second best, no entry 5 00

For the third best, no entry 2 00

Newell Wood had six plates but had two the same.

For the best three varieties of twelve specimens each, Newell Wood,

of Millbury 5 00

For the s^ond best, Jos. C. Lovell, of W. Boylston 3 00

For the best one variety of twelve specimens, Fred Hancock — Late

Crawford 3 00

For the second best, A. J. Eaton — Late Crawford 2 00

For the third best, Geo. Barber — Susquehanna 1 00

GRATUITIES.—

A. J. Eaton, 2 extra plates 1 GO

J. C. Lovell, Seedling 1 00

S. S. Foster, Seedling 1 00

F. J. Kinney, Seedling 1 00

1875.] REPORT ON GRAPES, PEACHES, &C. 33

PLUMS.

For the best collection of not less than four named varieties,

no entr}' S 5 00

For the second best, no entry 3 00

For the best three varieties, no entry 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the best single plate, Wm. H. Earle 3 00

For the second best, S. S. Foster 1 00

QUINCES.

For the best collection of not less than three varieties, no entry. . . 5 00

For the second best, no entry 3 00

For the best twelve Orange Quinces, C. T. Foster, Holden 3 UO

For the second best, Mrs. Harvey Sturtevant 2 (0

For the best twelve of any other variety, no entry 2 00

For the second best, no entry 1 00

GRATUITIES.—

George W. Rogers 1 00

KewellWood 1 00

S. S. Foster 1 00

CRAB APPLES

For the best display. F. J. Kinney 3 00

For the second best, Willie B. Schofield 2 00

For the best dish of twenty-four sjiecimens of any named variety,

John C. Whitin, of Whitinsville 2 00

For the second best, F. J. Kinney 1 00

WM. H. EARLE,

For the Committee.
5

34 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS, &c.

Committee. — Samuel Flagg, Chairman ; George E Francis, James L.
Burbank, Patrick W. Driscoll, Clarendon Harris, David S. Messinger,
Henry Woodward, Lyman J. Taft, and Henry L. Shumway, of Worcester ;
and John F. Johnson, of Leominster.

Although the Annual Exhibition for the year 1875 was held some three
weeks later than the year previous, still the display was very creditable
and satisfactory. The early frosts of October had done less than the late-
ness of the season to bring the display up to the usual standard. Of cut
flowers, the contributions were limited, but under existing circumstances,
abundant and well selected. The contributions of plants by Amateurs
were unusually large, while those from our professional gardeners were
not only large but superior to previous exhibitions. In the department
of rare and new, a manifest improvement was shown. Of Floral Designs,
a better display in taste and variety was never exhibited in our Halls.
This may have been the more noticeable from the scarcity of cut flowers,
which last, however, evinced the usual zeal of the contributors in keeping
the stands well supplied with fresh cuttings. This should be noted as no
small part of the labor attending an exhibition of a week's duration. The
Trustees, I am happy to report, have decided to continue all future exhi-
bitions but two days.

The display of flower stands and brackets, for parlor use, was very fine.
These were the contribution of Mr. Bradford I. Peabody.

We had also on exhibition a recent invention of Mr. Wm. F. Wheeler,
of Dorchester, for destroying insects, mildew, etc., from plants, shrubs,
and trees. This consists of a bra.ss globe which can be easily attached to
any common hose. It has been satisfactorily tested by our Florists, and
thus far surpasses all inventions for the like purpose. The method of
using the distributor, as given by Mr. Wheeler, is as follows : Make a

1875.] REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS, &C. 35

cotton ball, tied into shape by string to prevent the ragged ends from be-
ing sucked into the outlet of the machine by the force of the water pass-
ing into it ; saturate this ball with kerosene and place within the globe ;
the force of the water overcomes the antagonism of the kerosene and
carries it along until it is all expended. No danger whatever results from
this mode. For the most delicate plants it would be expedient to have
two or three of the globes screwed together, thereby giving a double
quantity, or two or more compounds at a time ; for most purposes one is
sufficient. For out-door plants, shrubs and trees, this machine is effect-
ual in destroying all caterpillars, canker worms, currant worms, red spi-
ders, mealy bugs and all insects which infest our greenhouses. It is also
peculiarly adapted as a disinfectant in stables, slaughter-houses, water-
closets, etc. The watering-pot accompanying the distributor is adapted
to window culture and for the use of Amateurs. The application of these
compounds should be made daily and at the time that the watering or
syringing the plants is done. The foliage of the plants is thereby made
healthy and natural, while the use of fumigators is wholly done awav
with. Of these compounds the tobacco-soap is the specific for killing the
greenaphis and thrips. Sulphui- and tobacco-soap and kerosene in alterna-
tion destroys the mealy bug and red spider. Guano to supply the water
with ammonia rendering it soft and stimulating to the plants. All these
compounds should be used as the case indicates, and when the pest is
removed their use should be persevered in as a preventive.

Descriptions and use of this machine may be obtained by addressino-
Wm. F. Wheeler, Columbia street, Dorchester, Mass.

As the Annual Exhibition of 1876 is to be held with a view of our So-
ciety being represented at the XJ. S. Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia.
I trust our many contributors will keep this in mind. Although the de-
partment of plants and liowers hardl}' bears an even chance with the
fruits and vegetables, still something may be done worthy of our position
as Horticulturists and Florists. If our gardens and hot-houses cannot be
represented, why not bring the productions from our fields and forests to
bear a share. A nicely arranged volume of wild flowers, grasses and
ferns from the tasty hands of many of our younger members would speak
well for our Society, to say nothing of the credit due the contributor.

The following premiums and gratuities were awarded by your Com-
mittee : —

36 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

ASTEKS.—

For the best display, Mrs. Geo. Estabrooks S 4 00

Per the fourth best, Mrs. M. E. Woodward 1 00

BASKET.— (Hakging.)—

For the best, Mr. Stephen Salisbury 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. David Scott 1 00

BOUQUETS.— (Hand.)—

For the best pair, Mr. Stephen Salisbury 3 00

DESIGN.— (Floral.)—

For the best. Miss E. H. Ward, Shrewsbury $ 6 00

For the second best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 4 00

FLOWEKS.— (Cut.)—

For the best stand, Mrs. David Scott 3 CO

For the second best, Mrs. Charles E. Brooks 2 00

For the best arranged basket, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Charles E. Brooks 2 00

GLADIOLUS.—

For the best collection, Miss Abbie Lovell. W. Boylston 5 00

For the best specimen Spike, Miss Abbie Lovell, " — 100

For the best Seedling, Miss Abbie Lovell, " — 100

TANSIES.-

For the best display, Mr. Charles A. Keyes 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. George H. Estabi'ook 2 00

For the third best, Mrs. Shaft, of Leicester 1 00

PINKS.— (China.—

For the best display, Mrs. Shaff , Leicester 3 00

For the second best, Mr. Stephen Salisbuiy 1 00

PETUNIxiS.—

For the best display. Miss E. P. Bangs 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. S. E. Fisher 2 00

VERBENAS.—

For the best display, Mr. Charles A. Keyes 3 00

For the best Seedling, Mrs. Charles E. Brooks 2 00

PLANTS WITH ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE.—

For the best twelve, Mr. Stephen Salisbury 20 00

For the second best, Mr. William T. Merrifield 12 00

For the best six, Mr. William T. Merrifield 10 00

For the second best, Mr. Stephen Salisbury 5 00

1875.] REPORT ON PLANTS, FLOWERS, &C. 37

PLANTS IN BLOOM.—

For the second best four, Mr. Stephen Salisbury 5 00

RAEE AKD NEW PLANTS.—

For the best collection, Mr. William T. Merrifield 10 00

FERNS AND LYCOPODS.

For the best collection, Mr. Stephen Salisbury $10 00

For the second best, Mr. William T. Merrifield 5 00

PLANTS FROM AMATEURS.—

For the best twelve, Mrs. David Scott 6 00

For the second best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 4 00

FERNERY.—

For the second best, Mrs. David Scott 4 00

For the third best, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 2 00

GRATUITIES.—

For di.sh of Cut Flowers, Mrs. Mowry, Shrewsbury 1 00

For dish of Wild Flowers and Berries, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester.. .. 2 00

For dish of Druramond's Phlox, Mrs. S. F. Bennett, Holden, 1 00

For basket of Dried Leaves and Ferns, Mrs. S. E. Fisher 1 00

For basket of Wild Berries, Mr. Walter F. Brooks 1 00

For basket of English Daisies, Mr. F. J. Kinney 1 00

For basket Green-house Flowers, Mrs. A. D. Wood, West

Newton 3 00

For Floral Design, Mrs. T. L. Nelson 2 00

For " " of Asters and Vei'benas, Mr. Chas. A. Keyes, 1 00

For Star of Cut Flowers, Mrs. C E. Parker, Holden 3 00

For Stand and Bird of Immortelles, Mr. Stephen Salisbury. . . 3 00

For design for Flower Garden, Mr. Wm. T. Merrifield 3 00

For dish and vase of Cut Flowers, Mrs. David Scott 2 00

For Bouquets of Wild Flov/ei's, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester 1 00

For Bouquets of Berries and Autumn Leaves, Mrs. M. E.

Woodward 2 00

For stand of Immortelles, Mrs. Shaff, Leicester 1 00

For collection of Cockscombs, Mr. J. Fawcett 1 00

For collection of rare and new Plants, Mr. James Comley, of

Lexington 15 UO

For collection of Green-house Plants, Mr. W. W. Cook 10 00

For collection of Caladiums, Mr. J. C. Whitin, Whitiusville... 5 00
Respectfully submitted,

SAMUEL FLAGG, Chairman.

38 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

REPORT O^ PEAR?.

Committee. — Henry L Parker, Chairman; Henry Phelps, John C.
Newton, James Draper, Alfred Davis, S. Harrison Knox, of Worcester ;
Newell Wood, of Millbury ; and William H. Johnson, of Northhorough.

At the Annual Exhibition the present year, premiums for collections
were for the first time dispensed with, the award for the best single plates
being proportionately increased. The result has fully justified the experi-
ment. No better exhibition of single plates has ever been held by the
Society.

Among the plates which deserve especial mention were the Beurre Diel
of the State Lunatic Hospital, and several plates of the Bartlett and
Flemish Beauty, although the two latter varieties are not included in the
list for which premiums were offered, the committee on premiums sup-
posing that these varieties would be far past their prime at so late a date
as the day fixed for the Annual Exhibition.

For the Secretary's premium of S20 for the best fifteen varieties of
new pears, there was but one competitor. As a collection of fine speci-
mens of fine pears the display was unexceptionable ; but the fact that
several of the varieties were of from twenty to twenty-five years stand-
ing— the Catherine Lambre being dated by Leroi^ in 1850, and the Wil-
lermoz in 1848 — and that one variety, the Gen. Todleben, had been
cultivated and exhibited many years previously by a member of the Soci-
ety, rendered it so far ciuestionable whether the collection came within
the terms of the Secretary's offer, that the Committee did not feel jus-
tified in giving the exhibitor the benefit of the doubt.

If this liberal offer is to remain good for the coming year, we would
suggest that the term " new pears" be so qualified, limited, or defined
that the same quandary in making the award shall not again arise.

1875.] REPOKT ON PEARS. 39

The blight has been unusually prevalent the past year. The origin and
nature of this disease which has become the bane and terror of all fruit-
growers is still involved in much obscurity ; but the results of the obser-
vations of the microscopist seem to establish the theory that it is a
fungus.

Prof. Taylor, of Washington, D. C, pronounces it " a local fungus fer-
mentation of the genus torula — and which may be developed under any
one of a number of causes. Every condition which will prevent the bark
or shoots from ripening will foster under high temperatures in the pres-
ence of organic acid (which is always present in green or unripe wood),
and vegetable nitrogeneous matter one or more species of Torulacic
fungi. Stagnant water in the ground containing the drainings of decom-
posing organic matter is alwa3's charged with Torulacic breeding spores
and germinal matter which, if absorbed by the roots, will certainly con-
taminate the sap of the tree. When small branches are attacked it may
prove best to remove them, but the main branches and trunk may be
saved by prompt action.

The stained bark should be removed as soon as observed and before the
stain has girdled the branch or trunk, as maybe. If not removed, the
sapwood will be poisoned. In the case of atmospheric blight, that is when
the fermentation is produced from the immediate action of high temi^er-
atures on the outer bark, favored by previous conditions, the fermenta-
tion will proceed from the sui'face to the interior, but in the case of root
absorption the fermentation will proceed from the sapwood to the exte-
rior. The removal of the tree to a more favorable place, or drainage will
probably save the affected tree in the case of root absorption."

Barry, in his work on Fruit Gardening, says : " Blight has never been
known to originate on the dry, sandy loam of Long Island, not even with
heav}- manuring, the drought of mid-summer alwa3's ripening the shoots
so complete!}' that the leaves drop oft" long before frost commences."

As early as 1867, Mr Thomas Meehan presented the theory that the
fire blight was the work of an extremely active parasitic fungus .

President Hoopes. in 187u, in his address to the fruit growers of Penn-
sylvania, demonstrated from the observations of the microscope that the
disease is of fungoid origin.

This theory is also confirmed by Dr. J. Gibbons Hunt. Chairman of
the Microscopical Section of the Philadelphia Academ}^ of Natural Sci-
ences, in a letter to the editor of the Gardener's Monthly, dated June
21st, 1875.

What are the predisposing causes of this fungus growth, and what are

40 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

the best methods of dealing with the disease, repeated observations and
experiments only can fully determine.

If the theory advanced be correct, it is to be presumed that the appli-
cation of stimulating manures late in the season, or in such a manner as
to cause a succulent growlli which the early frosts should not find full}'
hardened and mature, would render the tree susceptible to the disease.
And on the same basis whatever will arrest fungus growth of any kind,
may be recommended as preventives. As for example, any of the min-
eral acids — hot lye, a recipe for the yellows in peaches, also supposed to
be a species of fungus growth — or even a strong solution of common salt.

The Committee respectfully submit the following awards :

CLASS 1.—

For the best twelve Beurre Bosc, Stephen Salisbury $ 5 00

For the second best, Wm. H. Earle 3 00

For the third best, Willie B. Schofield 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Clairgeau, S. J. Brimhall 2 00

For the best twelve Beurre d'Anjou, Henry Phelps 5 00

For the second be>t, Alfred Davis 8 00

For the third best, Daniel Kinsley 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Diel, Lunatic Hospital 3 00

For the second best, Geo. W. Rogers 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Hardy, A. J. Warfield 2 00

For the second best, Y. P. Townsend 1 00

For the best twelve Bevure Langelier, Dr. Wm. Workman... . 3 00

For the second best, Fred G. Stiles 1 00

For the best twelve Beurre Superfin, Moses Church 3 00

For the second best, John C Whitin, of Whitinsville 2 00

For the third best, James F. Allen 1 00

For the best twelve Dix, O. B. Hadwen 2 00

For the best twelve Doyennd du Cornice, Stephen S. Foster.. . 5 00

For the second best, V. P. Townsend 3 00

For the third best, Edward W. Lincoln 1 00

For the best twelve Duchesse d'Angouleme, Alfred Davis. ... o 00

For the second best, Geo. W. Rogers 3 00

For the third best, S. J. Brimhall 1 00

For the best twelve Durandeau, no award 3 00

For the second best, no award 1 00

For the best twelve Glou Morceau, no entry 5 00

For the second best, no entry 3 00

For the third best, no entry 1 00

1875.] REPORT ON

PEAKS.

41

For the twelve best Howell, Isaac Mills S 2 UU

For the second best, no award 1 ^0

For the best twelve Josephine de Malines, Edward W.Lincoln 3 00

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Lawrence, T. K. Earle 5 00

For the second best, S. J. Brimhall 3 00

For the third best, Alfred Davis 1 00

For the best twelve Louise Bonne de Jersey, Mrs. George A.

Chamberlain 5 00

For the second best, S. S. Foster 3 00

For the third best, Alfred Davis 1 *-iO

For the best twelve Marie Louise, V. P. Townsend 3 uO

For the second best, Newell Wood, of Millbury 2 (.0

For the best twelve Mt. Vernon, Jos. C. Lovell, W. Boylston 2 00

For the best twelve Onondaga, Wm. H. Earle • 2 CO

For the second best, S. J. Brimhall 1 OU

For the best twelve Paradis d'Automne, Wm. E. Desper 3 OiJ

For the second best, V. P. Townsend ; . . . 1 00

For the best twelve Seckel, John C. Whitin, of Whitiusville. . 5 00

For the second best, V. P. Townsend 3 UO

For the third best, E. W. Lincoln 1 00

For the best twelve Sheldon, S. A. Arnold 3 00

For the second best, W. G. Maynard 2 00

For the third best, George Gardner 1 00

For the best twelve St. Ghislain, R. W. Merriam 3 00

For the second best, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel, John C. Newton 3 00

For the second best, Stephen S. Foster 1 00

For the best twelve St. Michel Archange, John C. Newton. . . 2 00

For the second best, George M. Pierce 1 00

For the best twelve Urbaniste, D. S. Goddard 3 00

For the second best, F. H. Dewey 2 Ot

For the best twelve Vicar of Winkfield, P. L. Moen 3 00

For the second best, V. P. Townsend 2 UO

For the best twelve Washington, Edward W. Lincoln 3 00

For the second best, no entry 1 00

For the best twelve Winter Nelis, James F. Allen 5 00

For the second best, Mrs. Geo. A. Chamberlain 3 00

For the third best, Alfred Davis 1 00

42 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

CLASS 2. (New Pears.)

For the best twelve Beurre de I'Assomption, E. W. Lincoln. .S 3 00

For the second best, no entry .... 1 00

For the best twelve Souvenir du Congres, no entry 3 00

For the second best, no entry 1 00

For the best twelve Brockworth Park, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Duchesse de Bordeaux, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Dr. Reeder, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Helene Gregoire, no entry '. 2 00

For the best twelve Huyshe's Prince Consort, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Rutter, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Emile d' Heyst, no enlry 2 00

For the best twelve St. Crispin, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Doyenne Hovey, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Souvenir d' Esperen, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Gen. Todleben, no entry 2 00

For the best twelve Due de Bordeaux, no entry 2 00

GRATUITIES.—

William H. Earle, for Plate of Fruit 1 00

Newell Wood, of Millbury, for Doyenne Boussoc 1 00

1875.] REPORT ON VEGETABLES. 43

REPOKT ON VEGETABLES.

Committee. — Alexander Marsh, Chairman ; Thomas R. Norcross, J
D. Lovell, O. L. Hatch, Rufus Caiter, Daniel Bemis, Charles Belcher,
and William H. Hackett, of Worcester.

The Committee on Vegetables have attended to their duty, and beg
leave to report: The Trustees have made great alterations in their re-
quirements in regard to the number of each article, and of the number of
articles, there being no premiums offered for the largest collections. This
is much to the satisfaction of the Committee. It is to be regretted that
those bringing their vegetables should not fetch them in season to have
them classed as well as their apples and pears ; and it is unfortunate that
the Society does not take some means to have a better display on the
tables, by enforcing a system that will place each article which is to come
in competition for premiums, side by side, so that the Committee shall
not overlook specimens, as under the present arrangement. The Exhi-
bition opened September 28th, the week following the Agricultural Fair.
It may be a question yet to be settled when it will be for the best interest
of the- Society to hold their Annual Fair, but we will leave it to Aviser
heads to determine. Your Committee are fully aware that in the short
time allotted to them it is impossible to do justice to all, but as they Avent
at their work determined to have no preferences, they were very harmo-
nious in their awards, whether right or wrong. The specimens were gen-
erally very good, and we are happy to say quite as good as we had reason
to expect.

ALEXANDER MARSH,

Chairman of the Committee.

44 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

BEANS.—

For the best four varieties, State Lunatic Hospital 8 1 00

BEETS.—

Eor the best six Long Blood, P. L. Moen 2 00

For the best six Early Bassano, P. L. Moen 2 00

For the best six Egyptian, F. J. Kinney 2 00

For the best six Sugar, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best six Turnip, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

CABBAGES.—

For the best two Large Flat Brunswick, Sylvanus Sears 3 00

For the best single specimen, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best two Drumhead, Simon E. Fisher 3 00

For the best single specimen Drumhead, weight not less

than 30 lbs. , no entry 1 00

For the best two Drumhead Savoy, Joseph Pratt 3 00

For the best single specimen, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best two Early Sweinfurth, Simon E. Fisher 3 00

For the best single specimen, Simon E. Fisher 2 00

For the best two Red, State Lunatic Hospital 2 00

For the best single specimen, no entry 1 00

For the best Iwo Savoy, Sylvanus Sears 3 00

For the best single specimen, no entry 2 00

CARROTS.—

For the best six Early Horn or Short Scarlet, Thos. A. Dawson, 2 00

For the best six Long Orange, Ashley Moore 2 00

For the best six Red, no entry 2 00

For the best six White, no entry 2 00

CAULIFLOWERS.—

For the best three specimens, no entry 3 00

For the best single specimen, no entr}^ 1 00

CELERY —

For the best six roots, F. J. Kinney 4 00

For the second best, John C. Whilin, of Whitiusville 2 00

(JORN.-

For the best collection of Sweet, not less than five named va-
rieties, Alden II. Sears 5 00

For the second best, Frank J. Kinney : 3 00

1875.] REPORT ON VEGETABLES. 45

For the best six ears of Sweet, Samuel Putnam $ 2 00

For the second best, Sylvanus Sears 1 00

For thebestYelloworFieldjOf twenty ears traced, F.J. Kinney, 2 00

For the second best, O. B. Hadwen 1 00

CKANBERRIES.—

For the best peck, no entry 1 00

CUCUMBERS.

For the best half peck for pickling, no entry 2 00

EGG PLANT.—

For the best three specimens. State Lunatic Hospital 1 00

HORSE RADISH.—

For the best six roots, no entry 1 00

MELONS.—

For the best two "Water, Eben Jewett 3 00

For the second best, Joseph Pratt 1 00

For the best Green Flesh, three specimens, no entry 2 GO

For the best Yellow Flesh, three specimens, no entry 2 00

ONIONS.—

For the best four varieties, a half peck of each, Thomas A.

Dawson 3 (0

For the second best, no entry 2 00

For the best half peck of Red, State Lunatic Hospital 1 00

For the best half peck of Silver Skin, Samuel Putnam 1 00

For the best half peck of White Portugal, no entry 2 00

For the best half peck of Yellow Dan vers, Samuel Putnam. . . 2 00

PARSNEPS.—

For the best six Guernsey, Ashley Moore 2 00

For the best six Hollow Crown, State Lunatic Hospital 2 GO

For the best six Student, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best six Short, no entrj'^ 2 00

POTATOES.—

For the best five named varieties, half a peck of each, Y. P.

Townsend 12 00

For the second best, F. J. Kinney 8 00

For the third best, Sylvanus Sears 4 00

For Lady Fingers, A. H. Sears, gratuity of 1 00

46 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

PUMPKINS.—

For the best three, weight not less than 20 lbs, each, Stephen

SaHsbury $ 2 00

For the second best, John Farvvell 1 00

PEPPERS.—

For the best half peck, State Lunatic Hospital 1 00

SALSIFY.—

For the best six specimens, John C. Whitin, of Whitinsville. 1 00

SQUASHES.—

For the best three pure Crookneck, Henry L. Parker 2 00

For the best three pure Canada Crookneck, Sylvanus Sears. . . 2 00

For the best three pure Hubbard, Joab Hapgood, Shrewsbury, 2 00

For the best three pure Mammoth, P. L. Moen 2 00

For the best three pure Marblehead, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best three pure Marrow, Alden Sears 2 00

For the best three pure Turban, IST. H. Foster 2 00

For the best three pure Yokohama, Simon E. Fisher 2 00

Gratuity to Mrs. Sarah F. Bennett, for Spanish 1 00

TOMATOES.—

For the best Boston Market, Thomas A. Dawson 2 00

For the best twelve Lester, State Lunatic Hospital 2 00

For the best twelve Tilden, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

For the best twelve Trophy, John C. Whitin, of Whitinsville. 2 00
For the best twelve of any other named variety, A. H. Ben-
nett, Holden 2 00

Gratuity to W. H. Spooner, for Green Gage 1 00

TURNIPS.—

For the best six English or Flat, white or yellow, Alden Sears, 2 00

. For the best six White Swedes, F. J. Kinney 2 00

For the best twelve Yellow Swedes, Sylvanus Sears 2 00

1875.] REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN. 47

REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN.

To the Members of the Worcester County Horticultural Society :

The Librarian does not propose to make an extended report on the
comparative merits of the different volumes, purchased by the Library
Committee, or the real value to the Society of the several Magazines
which have been furnished for your perusal. He will therefore simply
give you a plain statement as to the condition of the Library. One work
of great value has been placed upon the shelves the past year which, in
his opinion, requires special mention. I refer to Curtis' Botanical Maga-
zine in 30 vols , 8vo., containing 2,007 colored plates. I saw it upon the
shelves of the Massachusetts Society in Boston, and learned from the
Librarian and other prominent gentlemen of the Society that they prized
it highly.

It is believed the library has been used more the past year than in some
preceding years ; the number of books taken from the library being about
300, while many have made use of the library at the room.

During the year the Society has been presented with a very handsome
black walnut book-case, by our Secretary, Edward W. Lincoln, Esq., who
has, ever since my connection with the Society, manifested a deep inter-
est in its prosperity.

Annexed will be found the additions to the library since the last report
of the Librarian.

Garden, The; Edinburg and London. 2 vols., 1874-5 — 8ve. Society.

Floral World, The; London. Vol. 8. Society.

American Naturalist, The; 1873. Vol. 7. Society.

Gardeners' Chronicle, The; 1874-5. London. 2 vols. Folio. Society.

American Agriculturist, The; Vol. 33 and 34; 1874-5. 2 vols. Folio.
Society.

Horticultuiist, The; Vol. 29 and .30; 1874-5. 2 vols. 4to. Society.

Floral Cabinet, The Ladies; Vol. 2 and .3. Society.

Country Gentleman, The; Vol. 39 and 40; 1874-5. Society.

48 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

Agricultural Gazette, The; 2 vols.; 1874-5. London. Folio. Society.

Gardeners' Monthly, the; 2 vols.; 16 and 17; 8vo. Society.

Villa Gardener, The; 2 vols.; 1874-5; 8vo. London. Society.

Vick' sFloral. Guide; 1874; 4to. Society.

Flore des Serres, Ghent, Belgium, Vol 19; 8vo. Illustrated.

Natural History of Plants; London; vol. 1 to 3 inclusive; 8vo. Illus-
trated. Society.

Rustic Adornments; London, 4to.; col. plates. Society.

A Leroy-Dictionnaire De Pomologie, Les Pommes; Paris. 2 vols.,
Svo. Society.

Alpine Plants, second series. London; 8vo. Illustrated. Society.

Transactions of Massachusetts Horticultural Society; 1874-5. Pamphlet
8vo.; by E. W. Buswell, Sec.

N. H. Agriculture, Annual Eeports 1871-2-3-4; 4 vols., octavo; by
James V. Adams, Sec.

Report of Commissioner of Education, 1873; octavo; by John Eaton,
Com.

Transactions of N. Y. State Agricultural Society, 1866 to 1871; 6 vols.,
by O. B. Hadwen.

Agriculture of Massachusetts, 1868 to 1874; 7 vols., by O. B. Hadwen.

Catalogue of Library of Massachusetts Horticultural Society, by E. W.
Buswell, Sec.

Circulars of Information of the U. S. Bureau of Education, 1873 and
1874: bound in cloth; 1875, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, Pamphlets; bound in
paper; by John Eaton, Com.

Curtis' Botanical Magazine, 3d series; 30 vols., 8vo.; 2,007 col. plates.
Society.

It is proper for the Librarian to state that Curtis' Botanical Magazine
is not wholly paid for. The whole cost of the entire work is S300.00, of
which $114.00 has been paid. Dr. Francis, of the Lilirary Committee,
will explain to you more fully as to the purchase of the work.

The Librarian is happy to be able to state that only eight books are
now out, from all that have been issued from the library for the past year,
and those are in the hands of members, from whom they will be forth-
coming when called for.

All which is respectfully submitted.

JOHN C. NEWTON,

Librarian.
Hall of Flora, Nov. 3d, 1875.

ANNUAL REPORT

Secretary of the Worcester County Horticultural Society.

To the Members of the Worcester County Horticultural Society :

The Vernal Exhibition, holdeu on the 18th day of March, ultimo, be-
sides being quite atti'active in display, was also unusually well attended.
The extreme severity of the weather prevented contributions that could
not be offered without too great risk of exposure, and occasioned the loss
of others which had been forwarded in undue expectation of a milder
temperature.

No plants of Azalea Indica were exhibited, and some which were kept
away because of the biting cold, would not have fulfilled the purpose held
in view when a special prize was offered.

Neither were there any Hyacinths, although the omission is scarcely
excusable, since the cultivation of them is so simple and their period of
bloom so easily hastened or retarded.

But the very fine display of Frimxda Sinensis, by Mr. TV. W. Cook, and
of Cyclamen Fersicum, by Hon. John C. Whitin, amply supplied all de-
ficiencies. Our indebtedness is especially due to the latter gentleman,
whose frequent choice contributions so often prove a chief attraction of
our Exhibition; and as well to his skillful gardener, George Cruickshanks,
for the zealous concern that has ensured his presence, upon many occa-
sions, at no slight personal inconvenience.
7

60 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875

This Vernal Exhibition, like the opening one of Koses and Strawber-
ries, in early Summer, was witnessed by more people than ever attended
similar displays since the foundation of the Society But it is to be re-
gretted that tardiness — that besetting vice of the age — should have
withheld so many, until too late, from a display which must have afforded
them extreme satisfaction. It ought to be considered that contributors,
from a distance, cannot await the convenience of visitors; but, having
presented their specimens within the prescribed hours, cannot be blamed
if they avail themselves of their sole means of returning home seasonably.
At the same time it will not be denied that there are contributors (luckily
few), who are so unreasonable as to think the Rules of the Society inap-
plicable to themselves; and who, therefore, upon too many occasions,
subject the otRcers of the Society to inconvenience, and themselves to dis-
appointment and loss.

The season of early Flower and Fruit was unpropitious. Backward and
cold, with chilling rains and lingering snow-banks, even the Crocus hesi-
tated to peep, and the bud of the Strawberry shrank from the harsh ex-
posure. Therefore it chanced that our published Schedule could not be
realized; and that changes, as in years past, were made imperative by
absolute necessity. Upon personal consultation with every member of
the committee, appointed and empowered by the Trustees to establish
Premiums and determine the date of Exhibitions, it was concluded with
entire unanimity that a postponement of the Strawberry Exhibition, for
at least one week, would conduce to the best welfare of the Society. Of
course the private interests of an individual, here and there, might suffer
trivial injury; but the system of monetary premiums was not adopted to

"put money in thy purse."
Rather, — to render meet and proper award to him of whom a dead,
nevertheless immortal, language, declares

'' Palmam qui meruit, ferat."

The insinuations of individual greed, ejected upon officers of the Society,
which would come with a better grace from houses less vitreous; are in-
dignantly repelled as the exclusive pi'operty, because solely characteristic
of their source. " By their fruits ye shall know them." The only officers
of this Society to whom Premiums were awarded left them, as is their
wont, in the Treasury. The example is not patented, but was left free,
with malice aforethought, for imitation by their disinterested censors.

Time, however, upon which they relied, pede pulsanti, justified your
Committee, vindicating their action. Never before was such a display of

1875.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 51

Strawberries seen upon the tables of the Society. For high color ; — for
various and choice shades of flavor, when tested; and least and last, for
size; the exhibition of this delicious fruit, in 1875, will be memorable upon
our records as wholly unparalleled. Remembering the restricted fields
within which our Fragarians are cramped; that their market is limited
and, over and beyond all, penurious; and that Amateurs are more and
more tempted to abandon a toil, at best without appreciation; the only
source of wonder is, that any seedling should be exhibited, or that varie-
ties of promise should be introduced and patiently developed to degrees
of greater or less excellence. What might be accomplished by a change
of system; by fostering experiment and rewarding effort or achievement,
can only be inferred from observation of the result in other departments:
notably the Apple and Pear, which would almost seem able to take care
of themselves without further stimulus to home industry. A liberal pros-
pective premium for a seedling Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, &c.,
&c., cast upon the waters in good faith, might be borne back after many
days. A Seedling! with seed sown, — germ watched, — development crit-
icised, impregnation guarded and cross-fertilization prevented, or left to
the exclusive use and behoof of the Democratic politicians: — why should
not a Society like this, which can count in its necrology, William Lin-
coln and George Jaqtjes ; Colton, and him whose almost speaking Hke-
ness adorns our walls, — facile princeps; — originate as well as naturalize!
Sports are well enough. The origin of the SeckelFear is not defined with
precision, although the parent tree, as far as is known, grows in sufficient
proximity to entitle it to share in the Centennial of our Republic. Yet
Pomology should be an exact, if also a tentative science; its Fruits illus-
trating selection rather than survival.

The cultivation of the Raspberry is steadily, if slowly, diminishing.
Why ? — is not so easy to determine. The berry is attractive in appear-
ance, and of luscious flavor. The only objection to it seems to be based
upon the necessity of affording protection to the canes throughout the
winter season. But the Strawberry cannot be left uncovered in assured
reliance upon a mantle of snow. The grape-vine, that may put forth
fresh and vigorous shoots in Spring, if simply extended upon the ground
will be killed to the root when exposed, upon a trellis, to cutting winds
and biting frost. The Raspberry yields profusely for weeks in sitccession.
The berries can be picked by a person standing upright, which, in itself,
is no slight recommendation to those of us who have stooped, for hours,
in the blazing sun of July, over a Strawberry-bed. These Reports have
never once omitted to urge upon the Pomologists of Worcester County

52 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

an assiduous, liberal, and persistent culture of the Kaspberry. Their au-
thor has striven, — with what success you have been enabled to judge for
yourselves, — to enforce precept by example. His suggestions upon this
or other Horticultural matters, are made without reference to what, in
current phrase, may " suit the market." He leaves it for the supple
demagogue to " crook the pregnant hinges of the knee that thrift may
follow fawning." Those who like can adapt their wares to their custom-
ers: supplying shoddy when wanted; furnishing the Wilson Strawberry
to those who know nothing better; or, when " they ask for bread, giving
a stone." But the Worcester County Horticultural Society, by accepting
its charter, engaged to " advance the science and encourage and improve
the practice of Horticulture." It fails to do so when it recommends the
cultivation of a species of fruit merely because it will sell ! When we
cease to advise, everywhere and at all times, the cultivation of the best —
because it is the best — our mission is ended ; our charter should be re-
linquished ; we should cease cumbering the ground. The members of
the Society are once more urged to set out stools of the Ruhus Idaeus ;
among the finer varieties of which your Secretary, from personal experi-
ence, would recommend the Franconia (if it can be obtained pure, as it
has noi been exhibited for 3'ears upon our tables), the Northumberland
Fillbasket and Brinckle's Orange. Let the "market" glut itself with
Thimbleberries, if it knows no better and will not be taught.

A gratifying feature of our Summer Exhibition — the unprecedented
display of Currants — was noteworthy, as showing that line upon line and
precept upon precept are not always wasted. Depressed and dismayed by
the swift and destructive invasion of the Ahrazis grossulariata; with
their bushes almost exterminated before they had learned how to apply a
remedy, or knew of one to apply, Pomologists had given up the hope of
ever again enjoying this most certain, prolific, and beautiful of all Sum-
mer fruits. But renewed hope came with the knowledge that White
Hellebore is fatal to this insect-pest. So that, withm the last few years,
the Currant has been rapidly resuming its proper position in our gardens
and upon the tables of the Society. Not only in quality, but in the num-
ber of varieties shown by different contributors, did the Exhibition of
1875 merit attention. Still, while the true Pomologist will ever be ready,
and even anxious to " prove all things ; " in " holding fast to that which
is good " he cannot go amiss if he sticks to the old Red Dutch or the
newer La Versaillaise.

But one or two lots of Blackberries were entered upon the books of the
Secretary. To those who have land enough it would appear that the

1875.] REPORT OF SECRERATY. 63

cultivation of this Bramble, as the English terra the Blackberry, might
commend itself. To all who have not, and who are destitute of a pair of
buckskin breeches, its spines must be decidedly repellant. With rows
sufficiently wide apart to permit the use of a cultivator, its growth ought
not to be allowed so rank as to obstruct the pickers who are to follow in
due time. To what extent the Wachusett merits its appellation of
''Thornless," your Secretary is unable to testify from personal observa-
tion. Its hearty appreciation, however, by our zealous associate, Mr.
Thomas A. Dawson, who proposes to extend his already considerable
plantation, strongly encourages the hope that the Wachusett may be the
variety so long desired. With regard to quality, nothing better need be
sought. And, should it insist upon retaining its spines, it will only place
itself in the same unalterable category with the veteran Democrat, who
forgetteth not, neither doth he learn; or that "truly loyal" fellow-citi-
zen, of whom it is as true now as of yore, that his hide cannot be bleached.

Commenting upon the International Exhibition at Cologne, in the
German Empire, held during the current season and closed but recently,
the accomplished Editor of the Gardeners' Chronicle (Eng), remarks :
" Of the practice of buying plants for Exhibition purposes, of which there
" w'ere so many obvious cases at Cologne and which, unfortunately, pre-
" vails also in this country, we shall have more to say on another occasion.
" It is a practice which if it be, as many consider, to some extent inevita-
" ble, should be hedged round by restrictions, and should be done openly
" and publicly, so that the public may know which exhibitor buys his
" spurs and which wins them by his own skill." It is not impossible that
a keen suspicion and close scrutiny might find application for this cen-
sure near home. But the instances are not numerous and ijrobably inno-
cence of intentional deceit would be pleaded. Yet the wrong is none the
less that credit is obtained for skillful culture of Elower or Fruit than it
would be were a man, upon the verge of bankruptcy, and in its actual con-
templation, to collect every cent upon which he could lay his hands be-
fore he actually absconded. Horticulture is a poor pursuit indeed if not
scrupulously honorable.

Your co-operation has been solicited by the United States Centen-
nial Commission. What precise shape such co-operation can assume,
your Secretary is unable, at present, to state. It has occurred to him,
however, that you might in the event of a discontinuance of the Annual
Autumnal Exhibition, propose premiums for Fruits that have origi-
nated within the County; in amount sufficient to compel a production of
the very best specimens. Those specimens that gained the premiums

64 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

should become the property of the Society, to be exhibited at the proper
time in Philadelphia. The County need not be ashamed of its parentage
of the Holden Pippin, the Hubbardston, Nonesuch ; or, as suggested by
our President, the Sterling. And, in this presence, may I not add also,
among Pears, Earle's Bergamot ? Should you conclude to comply with
the request of the Commission, it might be well to act in connection
with the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. A display by ourselves
alone would be meagre, even if space could now be secured: but it would,
doubtless, in aid of that venerable Society, help achieve something for
the fame and name of our ancient Commonwealth.

The Fifteenth Session of the American Pomological Society was
held in the early Autumn, at Chicago, Illinois. Delegates were appointed
by your Trustees, and some had the good fortune to be present, in the
ripe fruits of whose observation you will probably participate. But not
all returned that went out of our gates. Departing with an almost exu-
berant cheerfulness, anticipating personal enjoyment and instruction in
measure unalloyed, probably any one of our number would have appeared
a more likely victim for the insatiate archer than Samuel H. Colton.
The records of our Society will ever bear true witness to his assiduous ser-
vice. The columns of the Massachusetts Spy or National JEgis, for more
than a quarter of a century, attest to his interest in Pomology. His Reports,
as Chairman of the Committee upon Apples, were carefully elaborated,
and, besides being written in the Queen's English, were fraught with the
results of a keen and life-long observation. He died, it may be said, in our
service. What priceless seedling, not yet produced by our members, of
Flower or Fruit, shall be his appropriate and perennial monument !

An unexpected reUef from the plague of the Canker Worm was expe-
rienced during the last season. Of course there were orchards that ap-
peared to be maintained for the sole pui-pose of perpetuating these insects.
But such evils will doubtless be chronic so long as a heedless and sceptical
veneration refuses the wisdom of your Secretary, rejecting his advice to
abate the nuisance by the application of State Constables. The Tent
Caterpillar, however, more than supplied any deficiency in numbers of
the Canker Worm. Of vastly easier suppression, because within instant
or even cursory observation, how ought we to reproach ourselves with our
lazy tolerance ! A, keeps his trees clean and wholly free from the pest •
his neighbor B, who gets nominated for Alderman or even Hog-Reeve,
has faith in the multiplication-table and thinks that the only baptismal
name is now as it was and shall ever be — Legion. At the last session of
the General Court a petition from the Massachusetts Horticultural Society

1875.] REPORT OP SECRETARY. 56

setting forth the harm done by noxious insects, and praying for a remedy
was presented and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, whereof
this at least may be said in its behalf, that not all of its Members expect
or deserve to be Governor. Constituted, as usual, of men whose minds
are closed to instruction ; who exhaust knowledge by the process of Na-
ture in her abhorrence of a vacuum ; and who prefer to keep the narrow
tires of their mental organization in the deep and frozen ruts wherein
they have travelled from infancy ; what else could stolid Bucolism do
but give Charles M. Hovey, Francis Parkman, and Marshall P. Wilder
" leave to withdraw ! " Similar " leave " from the ^:ame source, ladies
and Gentlemen of the Worcester County Horticultural Society I has been
proffered you in the past; nor, as the best that you could do, have you
been slow to accept it. The ignorance which would exterminate the
Corvus — most useful and most persecuted of birds — through its absurd
chairman, relegates the Turdus migratorius to the same plane with the
mocking-bird or nightingale.

His dissonant note greets the farmer's ear.

Never from earth-worms shall you be clear !

A winged tramp — I always shirk, —

Bumming my rations, but never work.

No Canker- Worm my gizzard shall cross,

Neither Curculio! my gain, — your loss.

The Doryphora may take the Potato

And, that cleaned out, fall back on Tomato.

But the beak of this Turdus was never expended

On noxious Insects ; nor was it intended

That a bird so accomplished should even be harmed

By a stroke of hard work : or even alarmed

When the angry Pomologist fires oft" a discharge

At the Turdus — by General Court kept at large.

There would not seem to be any serious peril to the Commonwealth
involved in a concession of the prayer of the Massachusetts Horticultural
Society. The injury done by insects is so excessive and general, and is
so rapidly increasing, that every grower of Grain, or Fruit, or Vegeta-
bles, is personally concerned to find a check or remedy. An inquiry by
competent entomologists into their habits — carefully discriminating be-
tween the beneficial and noxious — would supply knowledge that is need-
ed, which could work no detriment to the State and, possibly not harm
even the Committee on Agriculture.

Closely connected with this subject of Noxious Insects is a fact, if such,
asserted by the Constitutionnel ot Paris, France, which says that "good
news is being received from all the wine-growing districts. There is but
one cry of joy and admiration in the vineyards at the magnificent appear-

56 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1876.

ance of the vines. Since 1840, such promises of abundance were not
seen." And yet what frightful stories have we not been told of the
Phylloxera Vastatrix ! How France had been swept as with a besom
and, trivial obstacles like the English Channel surmounted — the almost
fabulous vine at Hampton Court would be the next to succumb. Yet,
after all, it appears that the Grape — co-eval with Noah — and of which
it would at least be curious to determine the two species that were select-
ed for that unique voyage in the Ark, — may be destined to furnish an
exemplar of the survival of the fittest. The writer picked clusters of the
Barry, grown upon a Northern exposure and fairly ripe, on the 12th,
and of lONA, well sheltered, on the 21st. days of October. And, Phylloxera
to the contrary, his faith abides that the promise of a sure harvest was
not restricted to corn or oats. Our American vines, certainly, seem vig-
orous enough.

The condition of the Library will be stated to you by the officer in
whose especial charge it is placed As Chairman of the Committee upon
the. Library, however, the writer would call your attention to the very
valuable addition to it, within the last year, of the Third Series of Curtis'
Botanical Magazine, in thirty volumes, illustrated with as much profu-
sion as elegance. The Committee believed that the opportunity to make
this purchase should not be lost, although the cost was such that its liqui-
dation was necessarily spread over a period of three years. But the value
of a Library like ours — the loss of which even now would be irreparable
— consists mainly, and mu>t continue to be found, in its- possession of
those costly works upon special or general subjects of Horticultural inter-
est which individuals have not the means to procure. This policy, upon
which the Committee have ever acted, will continue to guide them, un-
less in the discretion of the Trustees, they should be instructed to the
contrary. The Committee advise the purchase of a suitable table upon
which the Weekly and Monthly Magazines may be kept, for a while, that
the memliers shall more and more incline to resort to the Hall of Flora
for pleasant intercourse or instruction.

In his two-fold capacity of Chairman of the Committee on the Library,
and Secretary of the Society, the writer has had constant occasion to visit
Horticultural Hall. He has had perhaps, from this cause, a better oppor-
tunity to notice the condition of your property and the fidelity with which
it is guarded, than most of you whose presence is all too infrequent. Ke-
membering vividly the reckless waste in the early stages of the war, when
the rafters served for kindling-wood and sawdust spittoons received half-
burnt cigars ; retaining an equally keen perception of the omnipresent

1875.] REPORT OP SECRETARY. 57

foulness that offieaded eye and nostril alike during the later tenancy of the
Saints ; he feels thoroughly qualified to attest and appreciate the admira-
ble order, cleanliness, and good taste, which greet him at every turn.
You are to be congratulated upon having secured the services of Mr. John
C. Newton as custodian of your propert}''. His report has disclosed to you
the unprecedented prosperity of your finances, notwithstanding the pres-
sure of extreme and rare claims and liabilities. But his report will not
reveal to you the assiduity with which he has watched over your interests ;
personally doing labor that most persons would have hired ; performing
repairs of ever}' mechanical kind with his own hands, to save demands
upon your limited treasury ; and imperilling health if not life, in hours of
storm and sleet, upon that roof which, whether originally built or sub-
sequently reconstructed, has been the fertile source of financial woe.
I^or have such exertions been fruitless. Our Hall, which had become a
by-word and reproach ; a common resort of the dissolute and impure,
and therefore to be shunned by the decent ; is reinstated in public esteem
and grows more popular as each day elapses. Its value increases with its
good name, each re-acting upon and enhancing the other. This tribute
which to some of you may appear extravagant, is tendered in these pre-
cise terms, because the writer is thoroughly familiar with the facts, and
considers it simple justice that they should be as well known to the whole
Society.

The Committee on the Library were instructed by the Trustees, in
pursuance of a suggestion by the Secretary in his Annual Report then
submitted, to procure a portrait of the late John Milton Eakle.
Nothing more was originally contemplated than a good and durable like-
ness. But deliberate reflection upon his individual merits, and due
consideration of the fact that it might tend to the ultimate creation of a
pictured gallery of Horticultural worthies, induced the Committee to
believe that they should best discharge their duty by procuring an oil
painting of their lamented associate. Accordingly a contract was made
with Mr. J. S. Lincoln of Providence, R. I., an artist of deserved celebrity,
and perhaps as noted for the skill with which he revives the lineaments
of the dead as for felicity in limning the living countenance ; the result
of whose labors is before you. The Committee are thoroughly pleased
with the painting, as a likeness and a work of art, and doubt not that the
Society will share in their satisfaction. It is hoped however, that this
will prove but the first step towards the procurement of portraits of all
our benefactors, whether deceased or happily spared to us. The benig-
nant features of Daniel Waldo and John Green ; of George

68 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

Jaques and John C. Ripley ; of Frkderic Wm. Paixe and Sam-
uel H. CoLTON ; should be conspicuous upon these walls. Salisbury
and Lincoln, (D. Waldo ;) Bullock and Dewey ; Hill and Rich-
ardson ; Francis and Hadwen ; long may it be ere their title to
precedence shall be based upon the fact of their absence from our midst !
We can offer them no substantial remuneration for official tidelit}' or zeal
in our service. But the least that we ought to do, and it is little enough,
is to procure their portraits for these Halls ; that, from a study of them,
our successors may be enabled to form some idea of how they looked to
whom it is, and will continue to be chiefly due, that the Worcester
County Horticultural Society fell heir to a goodly heritage.

The Blight, so fatal to the Pear, has been unusually destructive within
the past year. Complaint of its ravages is heard from all sections of the
Republic. Here a vigorous leader, there small branches and short twigs
throughout the entire top, gave unmistakable token of the malign influ-
ence. Particular varieties seem peculiarly susceptible, while at their
worst estate not communicating the infection. The writer has utterly
lost the Glou Morceau, but the Josephine de Malines, upon the very same
stock, appeared in perfect health. The Bartlett remains unaft'ected, but the
new Beurre de 1' Assomption, engrafted upon it perished to the last scion.
The Washington thrives luxuriantly, although every branch of the Belle
Lucrative has to be amputated. And the Belle Lucrative has withered,
root and trunk in a night, leaving the Souvenir du Congres high in the
air, after three years of vigorous growth, thrifty, but of course doomed.
Among the causes of this Blight, over-stimulation by an excessive appli ■
cation of fertilizers, especially stable manure is assigned by some. Yet,
in the observation of your Secretary, trees growing in grass have suffered
equally with others which, situated in the heart of Raspberry plantations,
were compelled to partake of the rich nutriment so indispensable in the
culture of that exquisite fruit. Has any one seen harm come to the
Louise Bonne de Jersey, no matter how heavily manured ? Does the
Seckel ever manifest a symptom of Blight ? There is a Pear Orchard
upon Mill Streel, in this city, if the ownei will pardon the allusion, in
which the omnipresence of Blight was equally conspicuous with the ab-
solute innocence of manure. Sudden atmospheric changes, (notal)ly
thunderstorms,) have also been charged with the developement, if not
production of this disease. But, whatever may have been alleged, here-
tofore, with greater or less plausibility, it is noteworthy that the Jilight,
which raged virulently during the vernal months of 1875, received a
decided, if not absolute check, after the intense electrical disturbances

1875.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 59

that ushered in aud attended the early suiiiiner. Be the cause what it
may, let us hope that it will not always elude human research, and that
the discovery of a sure remedy may be speedily announced and approved.
Quite recently a note of alarm has been sounded from the extensive Apple
Orchards of western J^ew York. Possibly the Pyrus Communis^- might
be sadly relinquished. But can we bring ourselves to spare, upon any
terms, that noblest of all fruits, indigenous to the temperate zone, Pyrus
malus.'f

In this connection, while treating of the mortality among old or
new varieties, brief reference may be permitted to one species, whose ad-
vent was loudly heralded in England, aud which some of your members
have endeavored, at no slight pecuniary cost and not with the most flat-
tering success, to naturalize here. M. Charles Baltet, writing in the
Bulletin cV Arboriculture, states that the habit, the wood, the leaves, and
the buds, of the specimens of Brockworth Park he has been supplied with,
announce it to be the same as Bonne d'Ezee. And higher authority,
there is none. The imposition however, if such, is not without precedent-ff

In the oldest of our Horticultural Magazines, one in which the vigor
of youth appears of late to be renewed, occur the following passages : -
" It has been advanced, and not without reason, that the majority of- our
premium lists are composed to suit the collections of the wealthy, whilst
militating against the poor man's mite." " Our remarks are intended to
apply more especially to the wholesale manner of offering premiums for

*Pear. t Apple.

[ ft Since tlie above Wiis written, a note has appeared in the London Garden from the famous orchard-
ist Mr. J. Scott of Merriott, wherein he says :—

"As one of the results of this examination, (of hi? apples and pears,) I liave, like others, found that
the pear miscalled Brockworth Park, is no other than one of my greatest favorites, viz : Bonne d' Ezee.
The Brockworth is from trees bought in Gloucestershire. The other, (Bonne d' Ezee), is from trees ob-
tained from France."

"I do not know.how far a man is justified in sending out trees as new, when he cannot vouch for their
being so." * •■■ * * * * * ■'<'

"Let me also direct the attention of your readers to the respective descriptions of the two Pears, as
given by the Pomological Director of the Royal Horticultural Society. Bonne d' Ezee is thu.s described:
'Flesh white, coarse-grained, inclining to gritty, half-melting and juicy, with an agreeable perfume ; '
and it is added : "This is .only a second-rate Pear, the texture of the llcsh being coarse.' The same
authority describes Brockworth Park thus : — 'Flesh, white, delicate, buttery and melting; very juicy,
rich and various : and the Royal Horticultural Society gave it a first class certificate in 1871.' "

"What reliance, therefore, can be placed upon such descriptions? Bonne d" Ezee is certainly deserv-
ing of all that is said of the Brockworth, and more: for it is without doubt one of our best September
and October Pears, and attains, under favorable circumstances, a large size.'

From this it will be seen that, although money has been expended for Brockworth Pai'k, under a delu-
sion, it may not be wholly lost. Yet the e.xperience is somewhat costly, and, like those burnt children
who dread fire, our more enterprising members will be less eager, in future, to invest five dollars upon a
false Pomological pretense. Additions to the list of "September and October Pears" are not so impera-
tively needed as to justify great extravagance in their purchase. Upon a pinch we might content our-
selves with Clapp's Favorite ; Bartlett ; Louise Bonne de Jersey ; Doyenne du Cornice ; St. Ghislain ;
and Beurre Superfin.— e. w. l.]

60 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, [1875.

collections, rather than special articles embraced therein." " For in-
stance, in place of offering a large purse for the largest and best collec-
tion of greenhouse plants, let the amount designated be distributed among
the plants that usually go to make up the collections." And, as of
greenhouse plants so, by parity of reason, is the argument applicable to
all the genera of fruits and vegetables.

The members of this Society can afford to regard such suggestions from
high authority with a reasonable degree of complacency. There is no one
step therein advised, that was not long since taken, at the urgency of your
Secretary, or upon the prompting of your own clear perception of its im-
perative necessity. For years have the number of classes been steadily
reduced. In 1874 there were but two classifications of Pears, the genus
to which our Pomologists have heretofore devoted most and perhaps un-
due attention. In his Annual Report of that year, reviewing the salient
defects of the Autumnal Exhibition, your Secretary employed the follow-
ing language : " At that Exhibition, room was assigned to three hun-
'•dred and seventy-six (376) plates, containing three thousand nine hun-
" dred and forty (3940) Apples and Pears, which were inferior to others of
" their kind upon the tables, and whose simple exclusion would not only
" have involved a proper saving of expense, but also a downright economy
" of labor. Room must be gained in some way. In what manner more
"effectually, or to greater satisfaction, than by the abolition of every
" remnant of an obnoxious system, which has no other recommendation
" but that of antiquity ! It was well enough a generation since to avail
" ourselves of the experience of the Massachusetts Society. But we are
'•now taught by a lifetime of personal observation, and have no excuse
" for disregard of its admonitions.

" The evil is as apparent in the Vegetable department, which justly
" demands so much of your attention, and which, within a few years, has
" been raised to a position of signal eminence. Competent judges ex-
" pressed the opinion that a better display of Vegetables was never seen
" in Massachusetts than that which struggled for exhibition last October in
" the Hall of Ceres. And yet there too were great collections — mere
" numerical aggregates of species, of every one of which superior speci-
" mens were shown by the same contributors in their single lots. No man
" who proposes to contest the palm of excellence for Corn, Squashes or
*' Potatoes will risk his chances by merging his best samples in a general
''collection, any more than he would imperil his whole hopes by first ex-
"hibitiug his productions, blighting their freshniiss, at the poor old Hippo-
" drome. All " general collections " in the Vegetable Department are as

1875.] REPORT OF SECRETARY. 61

" meaningless (while they are even more cumbersome) as they have been
" found among the Fruits. Your Secretary has no hesitation tlierefore, in
" advising tliat all general collections, whether of Apples, Pears or Yeget-
" ables, be abolished. That the sum thereby saved be applied to the
" greater encouragement of the several species in the various Genera of
" Field and Garden products. That quality be our sole aim, at the expense
" of quantity or specific gravity — this latter with due deference to the
" Committee on Pears. That, for example, three mangolds be accepted as
'* evidence that a cartload just like them could have been piled up, to the
" annoyance of every one."

The action of the Trustees was as decisive as it has ever been when
their judgment was convinced. Scarcely a class was retained in the
Schedule of Premiums for the year just closed ; and then onl}^ among
Plants and Vegetables, within which departments it is questionable if the
reform might not as well be made radical. What was the result ? At
the Annual Autumnal Exhibition there were the following entries :

Apples: Contributors, 33 ; Plates, 165 ; Specimens, 1650.

Pears : '• 71 " 356 " 4272.

Vegetables : " 35 ; Articles, 321 ;

in lots varying from the half-peck of Onions or Potatoes, to detachments
of the by no means infinitesimal Pumpkins or Squashes. Now, while
it must be admitted that our tables have been cumbered in former years
with a mass of articles as difficult to judge, or even examine, as it was
profitless to attempt either ; yet it cannot be disputed that our claim to
the achievement of superior excellence in 1875 is well founded. The
selection of Apples was limited by its being the off year, so-called, sup-
plying therefore a very limited crop from which to cull specimens.* Of
the quality of those which were exhibited, the Report of the able and
pains-taking Chairman may be trusted to speak with candor. The
Pear, as a whole, must be conceded to have surpassed any previous dis-
play within our Hall, as they certainly far exceeded expectations based
upon the ravages of Blight and the general complaint of harm fi'om nox-
ious insects. Of unblemished aspect and goodly form, their like, in
these respects, has doubtless been seen by us upon other occasions. But
in the matter of size, the specimens transcended all past experience
This was notably the case with the smaller varieties, as the Seckel and
St. Ghislain, which can perhaps afford to gain in bulk without losing

*N0Tf.. -Onr worthy and observant associate, Mr. Newell WooJ of Millhnrv. mentions a rurions exam-
ple of good resulting from evil. An orchard from which the buds had been stripped by the Caiiker-
Worm, inls74, yielded a plentiful crop of excellent Apples in 1875. But shall we encourage the Oanker-
Worm, even to transpose the year of abundance ?— f.. w. i..

62 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

any of their surpassing flavor. It was also noticeable that the Flemish
Beauty reappeared in more than pristine magnitilde and soundness ;
while the display of Beurre Diel and White Doyenne tended to encour-
age the new-born hoiie of a resuscitation of those superior varieties.

The Vegetables were enough for the Hall of Ceres, whose cornucopia
has there found congenial and permanent lodgement. Had the season
been propitious for a later fruition of Tomatoes, no space would have
appeared vacant. As it was, with an arrangement slightly altered and
improved, the exhibition of Vegetables, conlined rigidly to specialties for
the first time, would have puzzled the judges and bewildered the observer.
In point of fact, the purpose of the Trustees in this, as in the other de-
partments, was crowned with substantial success. The Cabbage, the
Onion, and the Watermelon were no longer pitted against the Beet, the
Musk-melon and the Squash, in unuaturai rivalry. The Lima Bean—
(rood for six days in the week ; and the Pea, or Xavy Bean, edible upon
Sunday ; might hold high carnival by themselves. But they could no
longer challenge all comers, running a muck as it were ; or "standing up
to be counted," as in a late political example, where the enumeration
consumed no time and the enumerated were not legion. Individual ex-
hibitors may have failed of anticipated success, but the experiment itself
was vindicated.

Yet, after all, claiming that the display in every department was of
exceeding excellence, and better and greater than the Trustees were
warranted in expecting as the result of such a radical change in practice ;
the question recurs to your Secretary, which has thrust itself upon his
mind repeatedly of late years, nor will "down at his bidding,"— Can the
Worcester County Horticultural Society propose to itself no loftier aim, —
attain no greater achievement than that which would seem to be the
object of our successive political contests? Which of these Cabbage-
heads is the thickest,~of these Onions, the most fragrant and savory ?
The Horticulturist, in its preface to the remarks heretofore recited, thus
introduces the subject :— "It has long been a disputed point whether
discussional meetings, or exhibitions of Horticultural productions, were
the more useful in disseminating knowledge that would assist in raising
the science, or practice rather, if the latter term is preferred, to a higher
standard." And sums up its judgement in favor of the system of exhi-
bitions because of their general popularity. But is this conclusion sound?
Subtract the major premise and of what value is the conclusion ? So far
as the experience of this Society extends, there can be no doubt that pub-
lic interest in a general Autumnal Exhibition has, for many years past,

1875.] REPOKT OF SECRETARY. \^,^3 ''r/y.

steadily and surely waned. And the latest was also the most signal illus-
tration of this fact. Unt^uestionably, this result is brought about by
many independent cnuses. The i-anks of contributors are recruited, but
slowly ; and their number is restricted each year more closely to those in
the immediate vicinity of the city of Worcester. The Agricultural Soci-
ety, which voted, long ago, upon motion by D. Waldo Lincoln and its
second by O. B. Hadwen to relinquish an unprotitable rivalry, has, with-
out a repeal of that vote, resumed its heterogeneous shows of third-rate
Fruits and Flowers. And, although no useful purpose is thereby sub-
served, the attention of the community is distracted by a demand for its
patronage, that is none the less pertinacious because wholly without
merit. Adjoining towns bestir themselves vigorously in behalf of their
local exhibitions ; striving to atti-act the support of the city which they
reproach with appropriating to itself the control of this Society, in appar-
ent oblivion of the fact that it had been first deserted or abandoned by
themselves. The newspaper press, that never fails to take gratuitous and
full note of the i)ettiest side show in the County, affects to ignore the
finest Iforticultural display ever made in Worcester. These, and similar,
are the buffets that we have to meet and repel.

What then should be the future policy of the Society y Your Secretary,
after serious and mature reflection, hesitates not to advise a discontinu-
ance, at least temporarily, of the Annual Autumnal Exhibition. If
people are tired of an elegant Floral display, withhold it from their
wearied vision. If they are careless, or indifferent to the practical test
of Peach, Plum, or Grape culture, among us, there is no law compelling
us to interrupt their musical frenzies, or prevent their mild, mental dissi-
pation in the evening lecture. We are incorporated to "advance the
science and encourage and improve the practice of Horticulture."
It is not our privilege to indulge in the retrospect of a centuiy
spent in this our favorite pursuit or recreation. But, without undue
boasting, this Society can point to the developemfut of Fruit and Flower,
of Plant and Shrub, in Urban garden and Eural door-yard, claiming it as,
in large measure, the outgrowth of its instruction, the matured and pre-
cious results of tuition by example. Accepting witli gratitude and respect
the kindly compliments and condescending pats-on-the-back of those
who are our seniors in the fleld, it is nevertheless our right to assert that all
the praise bestowed upon us has been unquestionably and worthily earned.

Should it be your decision, through your Trustees, to discontinue the
Annual Autumnal Exhibitions, you can still reserve the benefit and
pleasure of the weekly meetings in this Hall of Flora. At our last general

64 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. [1875.

display you took the trouble, (aud it wus uot slight,) to select and bring
to our Hall of Pomona, sixteen hundred and fifty (1650) Apples, and
four thousand two hundred and seventy-two (4272) Pears. Relieving
yoiuselves of this coustautl}' recurring effort, zealous as you are to un-
dertake it, in the interest of Horticulture and of the Society, you would
be free to perfect those limited exhibitions, which are perhaps of as much
utility because not too extended for comprehension, or inspection at a
glance. With a more generous appropriation, in such a case easily
spared, you could extend liberal encouragement to displays of particular
Flowers and Fruits whose wide dissemination may appear desirable.
The Hyacinth in spring ; the Gladiolus and Aster in Autumn ; and the
Grape, Peach, Plum and Quince in their respective seasons. Supplying
a pecuniary stimulus, where it is needed ; you can also withhold it in
those Pomological or Floral genera wherein it is no longer required.

Should the discontinuance of our Annual Autumnal Exhibition, if
only for a time, tend to a reduction of our very considerable debt, in
that fact alone might be found a justification of the proposed policy.
Thereafter — upon a resumption of those General Exhibitions, should you
conclude to resume them, it is to be hoped that admission to them will be
as free as the air. At that time, — near or remote, — let us cease attempt-
ing to make merchandise of our knowledge, or experience ; but throw
our doors wide open to all who can be induced to enter. Our Legacies
and Benefactions were not given to us to be multiplied by discount, but
rather as a Trust, to be managed for the best interest of the community.
Let Bucolism speculate, if it prefer, upon the vulgar appetite for coarse
excitement ; and exact its penny for the monstrosities of the side-show
and the knaveries of the track. But be it our higher election to go out
into the b3'-ways and lanes, and, finding those who are blind and halt in
the pleasant ways of Horticulture, compel them to come in. So shall we
best fulfil the disinterested aim of the founders of our Society. In this
way, and this only, can we answer the demands of the times, in prompt
recognition of the changes in popular taste and requirement. And, at
one and the same time discharge our inexorable duty whereby we are
bound, in all honor, to "Advance the Science and encourage and improve
the Practice of Horticulture."

All which is respectfully submitted by

EDWARD WINSLOW LINCOLN,

Secretary.

Hall of Flora,

Worcester, Mass., Nov. 3, A. d. 1876.

or THE

Worcester County Horticultural Society.

ANNUAL MEETING.
Article 1. There shall be an Annual Meeting of the Society, to be
held on the first Wednesday in November of each year.

MEMBERSHIP.
Article 2. Any male person may become a Member of the Society
on payment of the sum of Five Dollars; females upon the payment of
Three Dollars. Honorary Members may be admitted by vote of the
Society or of the Trustees, but shall not have the right to vote at any
Business Meeting.

OFFICERS.
Article 3. The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President,
three (.3) Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and Librarian, and a Treasurer —
(all of whom shall be Trustees ex-officiis) — and the Trustees hy election.
The Officers are to be elected by ballot, to hold their offices until the next
annual election, or until others are chosen in their places, and to dis-
charge the duties of their respective offices.

MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETY.
Article 4. All meetings of the Society shall be called by giving not
less than one (1) week's notice in at least one newspaper published in the
City of Worcester. Special Meetings of the Society shall be called at any
time, on the application of five (5) members therefor. And at all meet-
ings of the Society, seven (7) shall constitute a quorum for the transac-
tion of business.

9

66 WORCESTER COUNTY HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

SECRETABY.
Article 5. His Duties : The Secretary shall keep records of all
business transacted at the meetings of the Society and of the Trustees,
and also of the admission of Members, and he shall call and notify meet-
ings of the Society and of the Trustees, and shall notify persons chosen
to office in the Society of their election and the Committees of their ap-
pointment, and shall attend to the correspondence of the Society.

TREASURER.

Article 6. Hrs Duties : The Treasurer shall, at each Annual Meet-
ing of the Society, make a Report of his Receipts and expenditures on ac-
count of the Society, and the condition of its finances, and exhibit his
accounts. And a Committee shall be annually appointed by the Trustees
to examine and audit his accounts and to report thereon. The Treasurer
shall give bonds to the acceptance of the Trustees of the Society for the
faithful discharge of the duties of his office.

TRUSTEES.
Article 7. Their Number : The Trustees shall consist of any
number not less than twenty-five (25) exclusive of the officers, who are
Trustees ex-officiis — and the exact number of Trustees for the year ensu-
ing, shall be determined at each Annual Meeting.

Their Powers : The Trustees shall have the general charge and di-
rection of the affairs and business of the Society, its funds and property,
so far as not otherwise provided for in the By-Laws or at the meetings of
the Society ; and may appoint one or more exhibitions of Flowers, Fruit
or Vegetables in each year, and make all arrangements therefor and for
conducting the same, including the appointment of Committees ; and may
establish Premiums and provide for awarding the same, and shall direct
the disposal of all articles of a vegetable growth which may be presented
to the Society, including the distribution of Seeds, Scions and Cuttings,
Layers and Roots.

Their Meetings — Quorum : At all meetings of the Trustees seven
(7) shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business ; and a meet-
in<y of the Trustees may at any time be called, on the application of three
(3) members of the Board to the President of the Society ; and all meet-
ings of the Trustees shall be called by the Secretary. There shall be
stated meetings of the Trustees, to be held once in three (3) months.

BY-LAWS. 67

FINANCE COMMITTEE.
Article 8. There shall be chosen at the Annual Meeting of the So-
ciety a Committee of three (3;, one member thereof to be elected each
and every year, to hold office for the term of three years ; said Committee,
subject to the control and supervision of the Trustees, shall have the
general care and oversight of the lands, buildings and other property of
the Societjr ; shall approve all bills against the Treasury before being paid
by the Treasurer, except money awarded for Premiums, and shall author-
ize the Treasurer to invest, for the benefit of the Society, in one or more
of the Savings Banks of the City of Worcester, any money not appropri-
ated or necessary for the current expenses of the Society.

AMENDMENTS.
Article 9. The By-Laws may be altered or amended at the Annual
Meeting of the Society, by a vote of two-thirds (|) of the members pres-
ent ; provided, that previous notice shall have been given in the call for
the Annual Meeting that the subject of an alteration of the By-Laws is
to come before the Society at that meeting.

OBITUARY.

BY PRESIDENT 0. B. UADWEN. NOV. 3, A. D. 1876.

Since the last Annual Meeting of this Society, one of its
prominent and valued nnennbers has been removed by
death.

I allude to SAMUEL H. COLTON, who died at Chicago,
Illinois, on the 18th of September last, whither he ■went
as a delegate fronri this Society to attend the American
Pomological Convention assembled in that City.

Mr. Colton had long been interested and engaged in
Horticultural pursuits, being one of the oldest nnembers
of this Society, and for many years active and efficient
on the Board of Trustees, until the Society elected him
for their Treasurer.

He excelled in the cultivation of the Apple and Pear,
introducing many ne'w and valuable varieties ; and he
became remarkably well versed in the knowledge of
these fruits. He was always interesting and instructive
in discussing their merits, and has been largely instru-
mental in disseminating both fruit and ornamental trees
throughout the county. His appreciative mind and fine
taste afforded him great capacity for the enjoyment of
ornamental trees and plants ; and the grounds about his
residence were abundantly and highly embellished -with
the choicest collection.

Few men possess, as he did, the qualities that con-
stitute the model gentleman. Modest, reserved and un-
pretending, yet social and genial ; always ready to im-
part in an easy and intelligent way his rare fund of
knowledge acquired by extensive reading and travel.

His intercourse with men -was marked by courtesy
of manner, indicative of kindness and respect, and he
died, as he had lived, respected and beloved.

Q

mist