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TECHNICAL REPORT CERC-87-7
UsAnawetne TSUNAMI PREDICTIONS FOR of Engineers THE COAST OF ALASKA KODIAK ISLAND TO KETCHIKAN
by Peter L. Crawford
Coastal Engineering Research Center
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Waterways Experiment Station, Corps of Engineers PO Box 631, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180-0631
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19. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)
The 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations were predicted at sites along the coast of Alaska between Kodiak Island and Ketchikan. Lack of historical data at most sites necessitated the generation of a synthetic record of tsunami activity in the Gulf of Alaska. The geophysical and tectonic setting of the Gulf were used to synthesize a record of tsunamigenic, tectonic deformations of the seafloor. A numerical model was used to simulate the tsunamis resulting from each deformation. Numerical simulations of the 1964 Alaskan tsunami were made and compared with historical tide gage recordings.
Historical data of tsunami activity along the entire Aleutian trench were used to as- sign probability of occurrence to each tsunami in the synthetic record. A numerical proce- dure was used to combine the effects of astronomical tides and tsunamis and to produce the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations.
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PREFACE
The study described herein was authorized by the Office, Chief of Engi- neers, US Army Corps of Engineers, in a letter dated 30 April 1985 and was performed for the Federal Insurance Administration (FIA), Federal Emergency Management Agency, under Interagency Agreement EMW-85-E-1822, Project Order No. 1, Amendment No. 14. The FIA Technical Monitor was Dr. Frank Tsai.
The investigation was conducted from May 1985 to July 1986 by personnel of the Research Division of the Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC), US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES). Mr. Peter L. Crawford, Coastal Oceanography Branch (COB) was the Principal Investigator of the study and prepared this report under direct supervision of Dr. Edward F. Thompson, Chief, COB, and Mr. H. Lee Butler, Chief, Research Division, CERC; and under general supervision of Dr. James R. Houston and Mr. Charles C. Calhoun, Jr., Chief and Assistant Chief, CERC, respectively.
This report was edited by Ms. Shirley A. J. Hanshaw, Information Prod- ucts Division, Information Technology Laboratory, WES.
During publication of this report, COL Dwayne G. Lee, CE, was Commander
and Director of WES. Dr. Robert W. Whalin was Technical Director.
CONTENTS
Page PREEAGEH iiaic sca eves taretale conte tetetens oviehave na etave aus Tao stance, s Mole ptey aiaten cto taweue atet arora atepeRe tenes 1 CONVERSION FACTORS, NON-SI TO SI (METRIC) UNITS OF MEASUREMENT........ 3 PART I: TN TRODUCTION 5 sects Sea oaks te erohe s lenemauiy eaatla ns fel e aialbe mnie renetena sta mene 4 Ba Ck ground s.<.cisre s:k's aiete ice Aitiste sere lets te ctale ia bre teehee ciate tale wuabalenal a vole enemeneeatonens 4 BURDOSEHOT SS CUVpracclensovcnetenerarone ote tedetoncisverenereitecetonenenevore eveuelie sheyereus ies sUsehsbeWer « 5 PART al.) METHODS FOR GELEVATMON (PREDICTION Weyegsiertusnsysicpereasusteueushe rene lsvebenciere tf Synthetic Record of Tectonic Deformations of the Seabed.......... 7 Numerical Mod el ianrcvorccneteniencvepenensteterstelstateteneroroensuctonsli ot sreRepe nei aensterotelonees 10 Tsunami Occurrence” Probabwilitilesiw sh wise - ec eeie is clasts elsltete.« cterenesorcnole 14 UsSexofyNumeriicalyMod ellaiinvaiciictsysvercveleacibolcicysdoke cnovenevekereh si <tsveueuslonererenenenone 15 Effect (of Astronomical Tid ese cciicric succes islaiayae siaie ierre chencelellonenetetensmen aie 16 PART Ot: = EXPEANATTONVOB RESULTS mayucrevey nenccorereieusiolenckereraretotonencnercnstohere! shetenevone 18 Shoreline Elevation Versus Runup Elevation..................-20-. 18 Runup Determinations Between Listed SiteS........... cece eee eee eee 19 PART IV: CONCLUSTONS ANDERE COMMEND ATAONSieecterevereier ey ei -lelove) fievelcieianctiet suelerepens 20 (Copayoulpicnioyorsy Sok seo SoadcbendubcooocdodOUuOU buDUOO ROO CO OOU OR dOd6 00 20 REcommendaGalOnsi veyaercrcter eter crctereie elievonens) etorenotehelenereienonreteneenere eterohelerodotoratenelts 20 REBE-RENGESicroicua osaleteveve ci sterele ecevetetene cvaicnaenecietencnstomeneistcroneteccucter sta teneteraratoteretenenenereme 22 TABLE 1 PLATES 1-77 AP PENDIX@Ar = NOTATMON se cicieteratevsueiene sietereerencrel ener oicotoncner stare y soci Moroten teseietioh eetopens Al
CONVERSION FACTORS, NON-SI TO SI (METRIC) UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Non-SI units of measurement used in this report can be converted to SI
(metric) units as follows:
Multiply By To Obtain degrees (angle) 0.01745329 radians feet 0.3048 metres miles (US statute) 1.609347 kilometres miles (US nautical) per hour 14,852 kilometres per hour
TSUNAMI PREDICTIONS FOR THE COAST OF ALASKA KODIAK ISLAND TO KETCHIKAN
PART I: INTRODUCTION
Background
1. Of all water waves that occur in nature, one of the most destructive is the tsunami. The term "tsunami," originating from the Japanese words "tsu" (harbor) and "nami" (wave), is used to describe sea waves of seismic origin. When they occur along the seabed, tectonic earthquakes (i.e., earthquakes that cause a deformation of the earth's crust) appear to be the principal seismic mechanism responsible for the generation of tsunamis. Coastal and submarine landslides and volcanic eruptions also have triggered tsunamis.
2. Tsunamis are principally generated by undersea earthquakes of magni- tude greater than 6.5 on the Richter scale with focal depths less than 30 miles.* They are very long-period waves (5 min to several hours) of low height (a few feet or less) when traversing water of oceanic depth. Conse- quently, they are not discernible in the deep ocean and go unnoticed by ships. Tsunamis travel at the shallow-water wave celerity equal to the square root of acceleration from gravity times water depth even in the deepest oceans because of their very long wavelengths. This speed of propagation can be in excess of 500 mph in the deep ocean.
3. When tsunamis approach a coastal region where the water depth de- creases rapidly, wave refraction, shoaling, and bay or harbor resonance may result in significantly increased wave heights. The great periods and wave- lengths of tsunamis preclude their dissipating energy as a breaking surf; in- stead, they are apt to appear as rapidly rising water levels and only occa- sionally as bores.
4. Over 500 tsunamis have been reported within recorded history, and virtually all of them have occurred in the Pacific Basin. Most tsunamis are associated with earthquakes, and most seismic activity beneath the oceans
is concentrated in the narrow fault zones adjacent to the great oceanic trench
* A table of factors for converting non-SI units of measurement to SI (metric) units is presented on page 3.
systems which are predominantly confined to the Pacific Ocean.
5. The loss of life and destruction of property resulting from tsunamis have been immense. The Great Hoei Tokaido-Nankaido tsunami of Japan killed 30,000 people in 1707. In 1868, the Great Peru tsunami caused 25,000 deaths and carried the frigate USS Waterlee 1,300 ft inland. The Great Meiji Sanriku tsunami of 1896 killed 27,122 persons in Japan and washed away over 10,000 houses.
6. In recent times, three tsunamis have caused major destruction in areas of the United States. The Great Aleutian tsunami of 1946 killed 173 persons in Hawaii, where heights as great as 55 ft were recorded. The 1960 Chilean tsunami killed 330 people in Chile, 61 in Hawaii, and 199 in distant Japan. The most recent major tsunami to affect the United States, the 1964 Alaskan tsunami, killed 107 people in Alaska, 4 in Oregon, and 11 in Crescent City, California, and caused over 100 million dollars in damage on the west
coast of North America.
Purpose of Study
7. The purpose of this study was to establish 100- and 500-year com- bined tsunami and tide elevations for the coast of Alaska from (and includ- ing) Kodiak Island to Ketchikan. The study area is shown in Figure 1. The Alexander Archipelago beyond the open coast is not included in the study area. Previous reports by Houston and Garcia (1978) and Houston (1980) established the 100- and 500-year elevations for the west coast of the continental United States. The 100- and 500-year elevations are required by the Federal Insur- ance Administration of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for use
in flood insurance rate determinations.
ATTU ISLAND % e@
\ e bag
(I ae wo te
NUNIVAK ISLAND
e ®
é
UNALASKA ISLAND
Figure 1.
ANCHORAGE
KODIAK ISLAND
STUDY
Study area
AREA
CANADA
KETCHIKAN.
PART II: METHODS FOR ELEVATION PREDICTION
8. FEMA requires the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide ele- vations for locations along the coast of Alaska bordering the Gulf of Alaska. Because of the isolation of the area, there are no historical data of tsunami occurrence at most of these locations. At the few locations where tsunami occurrence has been documented, the unreliability of the data and the brevity of the record made it impossible to perform the required frequency analyses. Therefore, it was necessary to synthesize a record of tsunami activity throughout the study area and to assign a probability of occurrence to each tsunami in the synthetic record.
9. The method for determining the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations is summarized in this paragraph and discussed in detail in the following sections. First, a record of tectonic deformations of the seabed was synthesized. A numerical model was then used to simulate propa- gation of the tsunami caused by each of the synthetic seabed deformations. The numerical model produced tsunami elevation time-histories at numerical gage locations throughout the study area. Model results were used to estab- lish the intensity of each tsunami, and probability of occurrence was assigned to each tsunami according to its intensity. Finally, a numerical procedure was used to combine the effects of astronomical tides and tsunamis to deter- mine the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations at the numer-
ical gage locations.
Synthetic Record of Tectonic Deformations of the Seabed
10. To synthesize a record of tectonic deformations of the seabed, three characteristics of each deformation must be defined: the shape of the rupture zone (defined here as the area of the ground that is deformed by an earth- quake), the distribution of uplift over the rupture zone, and the location of the rupture zone.
Rupture zone locations
11. Tsunamis of distant origin are not considered a threat to the study area. Furthermore, large tsunamis have not historically originated in the eastern Gulf of Alaska because this region borders an area of strike-slip
faulting along the border of the North American and Pacific tectonic plates.
It is well known that the faulting of most tsunamigenic earthquakes is of the dip-slip type and that very few large tsunamis have been generated by strike- slip faulting. Therefore, the eastern Gulf of Alaska was not considered as a tsunamigenic region.
12. In the western Gulf of Alaska, the Aleutian trench-are system repre- sents a subduction zone where the Pacific plate sinks beneath the North Ameri- can plate. Faulting along the trench is believed to be predominantly of the dip-slip-type. That the trench has historically been a region of high seismic and tsunamigenie activity is well documented. In particular, in a catalogue of Alaskan tsunamis, Cox, Pararas-Carayannis, and Calebaugh (1976) list at least 10 large tsunamis that have been generated along the Aleutian trench since 1870. As discussed in the remainder of this subsection, the eastern end of the trench was considered to be the only tsunamigenic region which could produce tsunamis capable of causing great enough runup in the study area to affect the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations.
13. Rupture zones of tsunamigenic earthquakes along deep sea trenches at Pacific margins are generally elliptically shaped with the major axis of the ellipse parallel to the trench. The majority of the energy of a large tsunami will propagate from the source in a direction normal to the major axis of the ellipse. If Hoe is the wave height emitted in the direction parallel to the major axis of length a by a tsunami with an elliptically shaped rupture zone and H, is the wave height emitted in the direction parallel to the minor generation axis of length b , then experimental research of tsunami gener- ation has shown that Hp)/H, = a/b (Hatori 1963). For a large tsunami 4H, can be as much as five or six times greater than H, . This fact and consider- ation of the alignment of the Aleutian trench relative to the study area (Fig- ure 2) indicated that only tsunamis originating at the eastern end of the trench would cause significant runup in the study area. Furthermore, geophys- ical evidence (discussed in the following paragraph) permitted all rupture zones in the synthetic record to be placed coincident with that of the 1964 great Alaskan earthquake.
14. Davies, et al. (1981) state that the Alaska-Aleutian portion of the
North American plate consists of tectonic blocks which are delimited along the
* For convenience, symbols and abbreviations are listed in the Notation (Appendix A).
LEGEND
ALEUTIAN TRENCH AFTERSHOCK AREA RUPTURE ZONE SUBSIDENCE UPLIFT
Figure 2. Aftershock area and rupture zone of the 1964 great Alaskan earthquake
trench by transverse structural features. The blocks are nearly mechanically independent of adjacent blocks. The along-trench limits of each block cor- respond to the along-trench limits of aftershock areas of major historical earthquakes. The only block located such that it was of concern to the study area is that associated with the 1964 great Alaskan earthquake. (The majority of the energy of tsunamis generated by faulting of the other blocks would be propagated away from the study area.) Figure 2 shows the rupture zone and the limits of the aftershock area of this earthquake. Since the rupture zone of the 1964 earthquake covered nearly the entire aftershock area of that earth- quake, all rupture zones in the synthetic record of seabed deformations were located coincident with that of the 1964 earthquake.
Rupture zone shape and distribution of uplift 15. The 1964 Alaskan earthquake is one of only two (the other was the
1960 Chilean earthquake) for which detailed measurements of the deformation
of the seabed have been made. In order to define the shape of the rupture zone and the uplift distribution of each deformation in the synthesized rec- ord, it was assumed that the rupture zone and uplift of the 1964 event were appropriate to use as a model for all proposed deformations. A record of tectonic deformations of the seabed was synthesized by specifying that each deformation in the record would have not only the same location but also the same rupture zone shape and uplift distribution (but different magnitude of uplift) as that caused by the 1964 Alaskan earthquake.
Numerical Model
16. The linear nondispersive shallow-water equations used to model the
propagation of tsunamis are
URE ae cu) _ ku
je sR oe ea (1)
1D Visasipre tye cE ea Oa. -
ie = Misia oS (2) Otay 2 faltaen) u sina “allead} (3) Aeon i RoasinG ds
where
u,v = vertically averaged velocity components in the ® and 96 directions
i = wake
g = acceleration because of gravity
R = radius of the, Earth
= displacement of the water surface from the still-water level = latitude measured from 0 at the North Pole
= Coriolis parameter
linear friction coefficient
= still-water depth
O- Se Oe eet) cD as "
= longitude measured east from Greenwich
17. Kowalik and Murty (1984) used these equations to study the tsunami propagation resulting from a predicted major earthquake in the Shumagin
seismic gap area of the Aleutian Island chain. These or similar linear
nondispersive equations are commonly used to study tsunami propagation in the deep ocean.
18. The validity of these equations over the continental shelf may be questioned. Several investigators, however, find that their use is justified. Tuck (1979) found that "...linear long-wave equations are adequate to describe most of the tsunami generation, propagation, and reception processes." In studying tsunami propagation from the deep ocean to the nearshore regions, Goring (1978) concluded that "... because of the small relative height of tsunamis and their large lengths relative to the lengths of the continental slope, the propagation of tsunamis from the deep ocean to the continental shelf-break [sic] and for some distance onto the shelf will be predicted as well by the linear nondispersive theory as by the nonlinear theories."
19. Studies of the behavior of tsunamis over real bathymetry have indi- cated also that linear nondispersive equations are appropriate. Numerical studies by Houston (1978) have shown that linear nondispersive equations govern tsunami generation, propagation over the deep ocean, and interaction with the Hawaiian Islands. Houston (1980) found from numerical experiments that nonlinear advection terms had no significant effect on tsunamis propa- gated from the deep ocean to the shoreline in the southern California region. Alexeev et al. (1978) studied the generation and propagation of tsunamis in the region of the South Kuril Islands. They obtained nearly identical tsunami elevation time-histories at Kunashir Island using linear and nonlinear equa- tions. The evidence suggests that the equations used in this study accurately modeled tsunami propagation in the Gulf of Alaska.
20. The initial condition used in the model was that the initial defor- mation of the water surface was the same as that of the permanent vertical displacement caused by the tectonic deformation of the seabed, except that sharp irregularities in the profile were smoothed out. The justification for the smoothing is given by Wilson (1969). This type of initial condition has been used by many investigators, including Houston and Garcia (1974), Brandsma, Divoky, and Hwang (1978), and Aida (1981).
21. The model equations were solved by a system of finite difference approximations. The finite difference scheme was similar to that presented by Reid and Bodine (1968). The outline of the grid used for the computations is shown in Figure 3. Spacing between grid points was 0.065 deg along parallels
and 0.04 deg along meridians. The along-meridian spacing corresponds to an
180° TEN AZOo ee teSe GOS) MS5cM 50st 450 400 coo 1300 nebo Enos 65°
ene NUNIVAK ISLAND
55°
VANCOUVER
* AS
45°
40°
35°
Figure 3. Boundary of the finite difference grid
arclength of 2.77 miles. The along-parallel spacing varies with latitude and takes on a minimum arclength of 2.18 miles along the northern edge of the grid and a maximum arclength of 3.06 miles along the southern edge of the grid. The grid spacing used provided resolution of such topographic features as Resurrection Bay, Port Valdez, and Sitka Sound.
22. The model was calibrated by adjusting the friction coefficient k in order to adequately reproduce the tide gage recordings made at Sitka and Yakutat during the Alaskan tsunami of March 1964. The comparisons of the actual tide gage recordings (with the astronomical tide subtracted out) and the computed tsunami elevation time-histories for Sitka and Yakutat are shown in Figures 4 and 5, respectively. The main tsunami wave, having a period of aproximately 1.7 hr, is modeled quite well. The higher frequency oscillations in the actual tide gage records represent the effects of the local scattering of the tsunami wave. They may also represent some locally generated waves
caused, for example, by submarine landslides induced by the earthquake.
2 ' =) eg a ? 2 is ofS he =a---- a od} weal vg q 22 ce a On ~---, wh ve a Sa a 4! ee ‘ se aye Ou =e 62 SS z2 ar ; --Ag! \ | <---- 1 “ aos =—_—_ ai 2 a ee oe i soe See aa — Lessceee ded ¢ ‘ ~----- Tne aN. ee ee Vee < a o oy 7 im °
La ‘VALIS LY NOILVWA313 INVNOSL
6.0
5.5
5.0
3:5 4.0
3.0 TIME, HR
1,50 2.0 2.5 1964 Alaskan tsunami at Sitka, Alaska
1.00
0.50
Figure 4.
10
< i ° %
LSLVLOAVA LY NOILVA313 INVNOSL
LEGEND
—-—— PROTOTYPE GAGE RECORD —— NUMERICAL SIMULATION
6.0
3.5 40 45 5.0 5.5
3.0 TIME, HR
1964 Alaskan tsunami at Yakutat, Alaska
LY
2.0
0.5
Figure 5.
13
Tsunami Occurrence Probabilities
23. Historical data on tsunami generation must be the basis for an analysis that considers the probability of tsunami generation along the Aleutian Trench. A satisfactory correlation between earthquake magnitude and tsunami intensity has never been demonstrated. Not all large earthquakes oc- curring in the ocean even generate noticeable tsunamis. Furthermore, earth- quake parameters of importance to tsunami generation, such as focal depth and vertical ground motion, have been measured only for earthquakes occurring in recent years. Therefore, data on earthquake occurrence cannot be used to determine occurrence probabilities of tsunamis. Historical data of tsunami occurrence generation regions must be used to determine these probabilities.
24. The concept of tsunami intensity was put forth by Soloviev (1970).
He defined intensity as
i = log, V2 H,,) (4)
where Have is the average maximum runup (in metres) observed along the coastline adjacent to the source region.
25. The standard assumption in both earthquake and tsunami analysis is that the logarithm of the probability of occurrence of an event is linearly related to its intensity. In the Aleutian Trench area, only large tsunamis occurring since 1788 have been reliably documented. Assuming an exponential coefficient of -0.71 for this trench area (Soloviev (1970) found this coef- ficient to be the mean value for areas of the Pacific with the most data on tsunamis) and using only the reliable data, Houston (1978) established the following relation for the Aleutian Trench area:
AC) 220M Bwelemn
(5) where n(i) is the probability that, in any given year, a tsunami having in- tensity i will occur somewhere along the Aleutian Trench. Equation 5 gives the ordinates of a histogram where intensities have been grouped in increments of one-half the unit intensity.
26. Equation 5 was derived by considering tsunamis which occurred any-
where along the Aleutian Trench. As discussed in Part II, only tsunamis
14
generated at the eastern end of the trench were considered important. Since tsunami generation is equally probable anywhere along the trench, the proba- bility of generation at the eastern end of the trench was one-fifth the value predicted by Equation 5. (The eastern end of the trench is approximately one- fifth the total length of the trench.)
Use of Numerical Model
27. Using the vertical permanent uplift of the seabed presented by Plafker (1969), the numerical model was used to simulate the behavior of the 1964 Alaskan tsunami. Tsunami elevation time-histories predicted by the model were saved at numerical gage locations throughout the study area. The model results indicated the average runup adjacent to the source region of the 1964 tsunami to be 11.8 ft and its intensity to be 2.4.
28. The uplift distribution over the rupture zone of the 1964 Alaskan earthquake was used to establish a record of tectonic deformations of the sea- bed. Each uplift distribution was given the same shape but a different magni- tude from that of the 1964 event. To synthesize the record of uplifts in ac- cordance with the linear model equations, the ratio of the uplift heights of two different tsunamis was equal to the ratio of the average runup heights on the coast. This ratio is equal to p(i1-ig) for tsunamis with intensities i, and iz. Since the uplift heights and intensities were determined for the 1964 event, a record of uplift heights was established by allowing tsunami intensity to vary from -1.0 to 4.5 (incrementing by 0.5) and then calculating the associated uplift heights. The lower limit was chosen because numerical experiments indicated tsunamis having lower intensities did not affect the 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations. The upper limit was chosen because the largest tsunami intensity ever reported was less than 4.5.
29. The numerical model was used to simulate propagation of the tsunami caused by each of the 12 uplifts. For each of the 12 simulated tsunamis,
24 hr of tsunami elevation time-history were saved at numerical gage locations throughout the study area. The intensity of each of the 12 tsunamis was cal- culated using the model results and Equation 4. The calculated intensity was then used to assign probability using one-fifth the value found using Equa-
tion 5.
15
Effect of Astronomical Tides
30. The maximum still-water elevation produced during tsunami activity is the result of a superposition of tsunami and astronomical tide. Therefore, the statistical effect of astronomical tides on total tsunami runup must be included in the predictive scheme presented in this report. Since the wave forms calculated by the model did not have a simple form (e.g., sinusoidal), the statistical effect of the astronomical tide on tsunami runup had to be determined through a numerical approach.
31. A computer program was developed to predict time-histories of the astronomical tides throughout the study area. The program was based upon the harmonic analysis methods used in the past by the National Ocean Survey (NOS) for mechanical tide-predicting machines (Schureman 1971). Tidal constants available from NOS were used as input to the computer program. A year of tidal elevations was then predicted for grid locations in the study area. The year 1964 was selected because all the major tidal components for tides in Alaska had a node factor of approximately 1.00 during this year, thus making it an average year. The node factor is associated with the revolution of the moon's node and has an 18.6-year cycle. Since a tsunami can arrive at any time during this 18.6-year period (arrival at a low of the node factor being equally as likely as an arrival at a high), the statistical effect of the temporally varying node factor on the predicted runup elevations is shown by Houston (1980) to be very small.
32. The tidal time-histories calculated at each numerical gage location were subdivided into 30-min segments. Each of the twelve 24-hr wave forms was allowed to arrive at the beginning of each of these 30-min segments and then superimposed upon the astronomical tide for the 24-hr period. The maximum combined tsunami and astronomical tide elevation over the 24-hr period was determined for tsunami wave forms arriving during each of these 30-min start- ing times. Each of these maximum elevations had an associated probability equal to the probability that a certain intensity tsunami would be generated during a particular 30-min period of the year.
33. The many maximum elevations with associated probabilities were used to determine exceedance frequency distributions of combined tsunami and astro- nomical tide elevations. The maximum elevations were ordered and frequencies
summed, starting with the largest elevations, until a desired frequency was
16
obtained. The elevation encountered when the summed frequency reached a de- sired value F was the elevation that is equaled or exceeded with an average frequency of once every 1/F years. Thus, when the summed frequencies reached
the value 0.01, the elevation associated with the last frequency summed was the 100-year elevation.
17
PART III: EXPLANATION OF RESULTS
34. The 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations were pre- dicted at 1,249 sites in the study area. The latitude and longitude of each site and the 100- and 500-year elevations (in feet) are listed in Table 1. The elevations in this report are referenced to the local mean sea level (msl) datum. The locations of the sites are shown in Plates 1-77.
35. At some locations an apparently contradictory result is found: the predicted 100-year combined tsunami and tide elevation is less than the maxi- mum tide. At Anchorage, for example, the predicted 100-year elevation is 15.7 ft, and the maximum computed tide occurring in 1964 is 16.7 ft. This result is correct, however, since the predicted combined tsunami and tide ele- vations are determined given the occurrence of a tsunami. The combined ele- vation occurrence probabilities are dominated by the low probability of tsunami occurrence. The arrival of a tsunami at a time during the year when it will result in a greater water surface elevation than the maximum for the year is an event with a return period greater than 100 years. This kind of result indicates that severe tsunami damage is not likely at locations, such
as Anchorage, where tsunami amplitudes are small compared to the tide range.
Shoreline Elevation Versus Runup Elevation
36. The tsunami elevations presented in Table 1 are elevations at the shoreline. They were determined by a finite difference solution to the linear shallow-water equations. Only tsunamis resulting from the tectonic-scale per- manent vertical deformation of the seafloor were considered. Local phenomena such as seafloor slumping or small-scale local features of the faulting were not considered. The steepness of the tsunami associated with the tectonic- scale faulting is so small that it precludes the possibility of the tsunami breaking as it moves onshore. Hence, except as discussed in the remainder of this section, elevations presented in this report also can be considered runup elevations.
37. Three situations in which the runup elevation is not equal to the shoreline elevation are:
Where the tsunami intrudes into a river and creates a bore.
a b. Where dunes prevent flooding except through inlets.
18
ce. Where the land is extremely flat and inland flooding is extensive.
The runup elevation determinations for these cases can be made as discussed in
paragraphs 38 and 39.
38. The simulation of tsunami penetration into a river, including the prediction of bore formation, can be made using the method of characteristics (Henderson 1966). Horiguchi (1966) presents a scheme, based on the method of characteristics, for computing tsunami penetration into bays and river branches including prediction of bore formation.
39. Where dunes prevent flooding, except through inlets or where the land is extremely flat and inland flooding is extensive, a land flooding numerical model can be used to determine runup. A model of this type which incorporates the effects of bottom friction and irregular topography has been developed by Houston and Butler (1979).
Runup Determinations Between Listed Sites
4O. The tsunami wavelengths are so great compared to the length scale of irregularities in the coastline that linear interpolation may be used to de- termine 100- and 500-year elevations at locations between the sites shown in Plates 1-77.
19
PART IV: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
41. To determine tsunami elevations, a record of local tectonic dis- placements of the seabed was synthesized. In previous studies, Houston and Garcia (1978) and Houston (1980) considered only distantly generated tsunamis. These authors concluded that only the gross shape of the ground deformation was necessary to determine tsunami elevations at distant loca- tions. Hence, they synthesized a record of tectonically reasonable displace- ments of the seabed knowing that the exact shape of each deformation was un- important. The situation was not as simple in this study since all tsunamis were locally generated.
42, It is obvious that, in the near field, tsunami elevations will de- pend on the shape of the seabed deformations. Still, the method used required that a model deformation be defined. Hence, it was necessary to assume that the standard deformation employed would result in the same 100- and 500-year combined tsunami and tide elevations as would have resulted if actual histo- rical sources had been employed. In light of the fact that tectonic displace- ments are known for only two submarine earthquakes--the 1960 Chilean earth- quake and the 1964 Alaskan earthquake--the assumption is not only reasonable (as discussed in Part II) but also necessary.
43. The numerical model used in this study accurately simulated tsunami propagation in the open ocean of the Gulf of Alaska, on the narrow shelf of the eastern Gulf of Alaska, and in Prince William Sound. In Cook Inlet the water is sufficiently shallow such that the adequacy of the linear nondisper- sive model equations may be questioned. Tsunami heights in the inlet, how- ever, are fairly small since Kodiak Island, the Barren Islands, and Kenai Pen- insula shelter the inlet from the major tsunami generating region. Hence, the
model is considered to be adequate in Cook Inlet also. Recommendations 44, The elevations predicted in this report are at the shoreline but
can be assumed to equal runup elevations for most of the study area. There
are locations where time-dependent effects (e.g., lack of sufficient time to
20
completely flood extensive low-lying or estuarine areas) or two-dimensional effects (e.g., flow divergence or convergence) cause tsunami runup elevations to differ from elevations at the shoreline. It is recommended that inundation limits for these areas be determined using a numerical model developed at the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (Houston and Butler 1979). This model is capable of handling land flooding for bays, harbors, developed areas such as cities, large low-lying areas, sand-dune protected areas, and other areas where there are topographical, roughness, or coastline variations. There are also locations at river mouths where the formation of a bore will affect the runup elevations. This problem can be efficiently treated using the
method of characteristics.
21
REFERENCES
Aida, I. 1981. "Numerical Simulation of Historical Tsunami Generated off the Tokai-District, Central Japan," International Tsunami Symposium 1981, Abstracts of Symposium Papers, Sendai-Ofunato-Kamaishi, Japan, pp 57-60.
Alexeev, A. S. et al. 1978. "Numerical Simulation of Tsunami Generation and Propagation in the Ocean with Real Bathymetry, Nonlinear Model," Symposium on Tsunamis, Manuscript Report Series, No. 48, Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Ottawa, Canada, pp 37-51.
Brandsma, M., Divoky, D., and Hwang, L. S. 1978. "Circumpacific Variations of Computed Tsunami Features," Symposium on Tsunamis, Manuscript Report Series, No. 48, Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Ottawa, Canada, pp 132-151.
Cox, D. C., Pararas-Carayannis, G., and Calebaugh, J. P. 1976. Catalogue of Tsunamis in Alaska, World Data Center A for Solid Earth Geophysics, Report SE-1, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Asheville, N.C.
Davies, J. et al. 1981. "Shumagin Seismic Gap, Alaska Peninsula: History of Great Earthquakes, Tectonic Setting, and Evidence for High Seismic Potential,"
Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol 86, No. 85, pp 3821-3855.
Goring, D. G. 1978. "Tsunamis - The Propagation of Long Waves onto a Shelf," Report No. KH-R-38, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
Hatori, T. 1963. "Directivity of Tsunamis," Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, Tokyo University, Vol 41, pp 61-81.
Henderson, F. M. 1966. Open Channel Flow, Macmillan, New York.
Horiguchi, T. 1966. "The Computations of Tsunami Penetrating into the Bay and Rivers," Coastal Engineering in Japan, Vol 9, pp 1-10.
Houston, J. R. 1978. "Interaction of Tsunamis with the Hawaiian Islands Calculated by a Finite-Element Numerical Model," Journal of Physical
Oceanography, Vol 8, No. 1, pp 93-101.
1979. "State of the Art for Assessing Earthquake Hazards in the United States; Tsunamis, Seiches, and Landslide-Induced Water Waves," Miscellaneous Paper S-73-1, Report 15, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
1980. "Type 19 Flood Insurance Study: Tsunami Predictions for Southern California," Technical Report HL-80-18, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
Houston, J. R., and Butler, H. L. 1979. "A Numerical Model for Tsunami Inundation," Technical Report HL-79-2, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
Houston, J. R., and Garcia, A. W. 1974. "Type 16 Flood Insurance Study: Tsunami Predictions for Pacific Coastal Communities," Technical Report H-74-3, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
. 1978. "Type 16 Flood Insurance Study: Tsunami Predictions for the West Coast of the Continental United States," Technical Report H-78-26, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
22
Kowalik, Z., and Murty, T. S. 1984. "Computation of Tsunami Amplitudes Resulting from a Predicted Major Earthquake in the Shumagin Seismic Gap,"
Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 11, No. 12, pp 1243-1246.
Plafker, G. 1969. "Tectonics of the March 27, 1964, Alaska Earthquake," Geophysical Survey Professional Paper 543-I, in The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
Reid, R. O., and Bodine, B. R. 1968. "Numerical Model for Storm Surges in Galveston Bay," Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Journal, Waterways and Harbors Division, Vol 94, No. WW1, pp 33-57.
Schureman, Paul. 1971. Manual of Harmonic Analysis, Special Publication
No. 98, US Department of Commerce, Coast and Geodetic Survey, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Soloviev, S. L. 1970. "Recurrence of Tsunamis in the Pacific," Tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean, W. M. Adams, ed., East-West Center Press, Honolulu, Hawaii,
Tuck, E. O. 1979. "Models for Predicting Tsunami Propagation," Tsunamis,
Proceedings of the National Science Foundation Workshop, Coto de Caza, Calif., pp 43-48.
Wilson, B. W. 1969. "Earthquake Occurrence and Effects in Ocean Areas," CR 69.027, Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, Port Hueneme, Calif.
23
Longitude deg min sec 154 55 Dill 154 51 20 154 U7 50 154 43 31 154 37 10 15 38uenc! 154 29 27 1SHe26 31 154 1G 34 154. Sea 35 154 12 au 15M Oring 8 154s 8) 29 154 «6 4 154 10 34 154. 18-324 154 15 10 15 ue 9) 18 154 3 55 153) 9159" 45 154 2 te) 1154p 2a s6 153) 756 60 1536054 12 153 54 22 15356:53). 744 153 49 9 153 45 4M 153744 28 UBS. BY 17 1530235 4 153 33 =40 115)8 22). 15 3ie25 4 153i eeeag39 153° 22 4 (Soil 1 153 +19 22 153 19 8 153% ar23 18
Table 1
Gage Locations and 100- and 500-Year Combined Tsunami and Tide Elevations
Latitude deg min sec 57 59 6 58 (0) 10 57 58 34 58 0) 13 58 1 2 58 1 13 58 226 58 5 9 58 4 14 58 67 50, 58 iti ell 585 210858 58 13 8 58 15 53 58 18 ay ey ey lh 58 18 23 58 19 21 58 20 30 58 21 50 58 au 5 58 2G mee > Yoyo | netsh) 58 30 5 58 32 9 So) es5 2 567350 43 Bye} sbi 1 ts) SO 35 aS 58 36 54 58 37 40 58 39 40 bom 4 16 58 42 31 58 44 OT 58 46 36 58 4g 144 58 52 42 58 54 18 58 55 yy (Continued)
100-Year Elevation
OmmMnMnN NMWNMNMNMM NNMNMN MV
AMAA AHwOOWWM NAOANMWM NMWOMANMAO WOW —
500-Year
Elevat ft
3s Sk 155 125 V2e
12. 14. 14.
(Sheet 1 of
SPFFEo2 ATDTNOD AN FWHEFE OWWADHD OFNFYU NOH -H NAV
SS Say
ion
32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 44 153, 32577 150 58 151. 23 10.5 Nfgeel He 153° 28 7 58 59" 9241 1025 19.0 43 153 304) 33 58 59 1 NOS SEY 4y 153™ Bom 253 59 0 Z 10.8 AUST 45 153 38 60 59 1 48 OZ 19.7 46 15304 4g 59 4 16 10.5 16.4 47 153 48 16 59 4 14 10.5 16.4 48 153) 150 14 59 3 14 10.5 fecal 49 153° 4200 Ab 59 3 «Y 10.5 18.0 50 153; 56 6 59 3. 38 10.5 19.0 51 154° 0s, 39 59 4 19 10.8 20.0 52 154 w9ry 156 59 5 13 Wee 20.7 53 154 10 AT 59 if 12 alee 20.3 54 154 10 49 59 10 2 Wiez 20 55 154 ENTE e 36 59 11 33 WWse OMe, 56 154 8 19 59 13, 45 Whee 2203 57 154 Ss 4 59 ID 9-932 TS 22.6 58 154 6 1 59 18 4 Tide 23.3 59 154. 0 40 59 19 56 eS 24.9 60 1537 56h 59 592i i 12.1 26.9 61 1533; 45074) HT D9) 23 5 ARS 24.9 62 153) 56 s) 59 28 19 (ARS 24.6 63 15355 193 1 59 24h UT aes 25.6 64 153) 250 8 59 2h 50 Uilios 24.9 65 153 46 16 59 25 2728 eS 23.6 66 153 AY 3 59 =. 26 6 Hed 2en8 67 153, 42 1 59 2 38 Wihes 2820 68 153 46 14 59) Sil 35 1Zel 25.9 69 153) 1390 tr 28 59) 32.) 54 1158 23.6 70 153) She 38 59 «©» «33 15) nes 24.0 71 153° 33 S) 59 35) 25 Ween 24.6 2 153 2 2 59 37 26 1265) 26.6 Us IDS) Pei 150 59 39 1 O81 24.9 74 153 24 14 59 Bi 455 ies) 24.0 12 153 18 1 59 8-49 11.8 23}58} 76 153° aha 45 59 «637 Hes 22.3 TT 153.995 7311 59) 86 a2 Wiles) 22.0 78 153 Ons 59 Ho tf Wee 20.3 19 1537 ote ss 59 = 4 6 10.8 litgeal 80 153 eer 738 59 «42 2 W162 20.0 (Continued)
(Sheet 2 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ie ad ee 81 153 Ore 38 BOS 5 118 22.33} 82 1527559822 oh: 2) 13 1265 25.9 83 153 | 4 59ii VAN N3if 14.8 3285 84 153° Sud2" 20 59 =—48 9 15.4 34.5 85 153) “WiSiioeo!l 59 48 158 Went, 36.1 86 1530 agar as Do De 5 16.1 36.7 87 153 eamOMe 20 59) bi 28 Wed 34.8 88 153 4 6 59 5) 158 14.8 32.8 89 153 1 Ky BOT s52 1 386 13.8 29.5 90 1527 5 ORT 3) 59 522 13k 26.6 91 15256 33i7 59) 52) 22 12.1 24.3 92 152, 52 17 D9 152 13 Wes AVell 93 152) C49Pe 725 39, 22 9 ee Ue 94 152 43 He 59: 54 3 WWia5) 13.8 95 152 41 if 59, 156", 936 Wo 14.1 96 152 sir 33 D9 1359 29 VALE) 14.1 97 152 shine 22 60 Qe by2 1138 14.4 98 152) 3m eet 60 5 12 11.8 14.1 99 152) 934 17 60 9 18 A GS) 13.8 100 152° 36s) 55 60 10 "28 Was) USo2) 101 Ibee Sires 60 13 1 1168 14.4 102 1525 B30) wise 60 15 11 11s 15.4 103 152 240 4 60 ee Ai as) 14.4 104 152) 2230 60) 1 820)" 985 Vics) 1255 105 152) ah. asi 60 72a 38 Liss 12.5 106 152 14 11 60 23 36 ho) 1205 107 152) alii 230 60 24 48 lilo 1255 108 15235 a Oate oi, 60 29 4 TES W255 109 152 16 39 60 31 37 WBS 12.5 110 152 1183 6 60" 33) 23 Hc) 1255 111 152 10 15 60 34 a4 Wes W2o5 112 15250 5 60° 35 30 12.8 14.8 113 152° “ete 55 60 36 58 12.8 Wel 114 152) a4 2 60 38 11 165 14.1 115 152 1 48 60 42 12 12.8 1Deil 116 15d e5or 33 60 43 29 12.8 (Dol eT, 151 54 4He2 60° “45. il 12.8 151 118 151 49 48 60 44 53 1228 W551 119 15 ony AT, 60: 43) 221 12.8 1ea 120 yea Bi/ 60) 425) aii 12735 14.4 (Continued )
(Sheet 3 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec Ee ae senate 121 151 43 50 60 46 0) 2a) 14.8 122 151 46 26 60 48 32 12.5 14.8 123 151 48 58 60 51 16 12.8 Sit 124 151 47 32 60 54 Bil 12.8 bien 125 151 41 22 60 57 58 12.8 154 126 Sle soit 1 60 59 47 12.8 16.1 127 151 34 2 61 ) 18 12.8 15is 7 128 151 29 3 61 0) 57 12.8 15.4 129 151 (26 29 61 0) 4y 12.8 151 130 oils 23 18 61 0) 38 12.5 14.8 131 151 18 27 61 | 43 W285 14.8 132 151. 14 42 61 2 18 12.5 14.4 133 151 9 38 61 2 Ite) 12/5 14.1 134 151 7 8 61 4 58 1225 13.8 135 151 4 17 61 8 6 1235) 14.1 136 151 2 By 61 9 33 1225 15ehl 137 151 1 10 61 10 Bi 12.8 15.4 138 150 58 31 61 11 20 12.8 16.4 139 150 54 144 61 12 21 12.8 153 140 150 50 14 61 13 Ue 225 14.8 141 150 47 55 61 13 51 1255 14.4 142 150 4y 17 61 14 38 ise t/ tho! 143 150 39 58 61 16 26 WSs 17.4 144 150! 135 58 61 16 29 Dew llitesnt 145 150 28 25 61 lye. 18 NEAT 16:7 146 150° 125 7 61 16 48 eer WET 147 150 20 32 61 Af 1 Dre!) 16.7 148 NS On iit 29 61 Uf 48 NY 16.7 149 150 14 Yo 61 17 21 Sye ff 16.7 150 50) til 5 61 16 4g Asie 1 16Ri7 151 150 1 oy 61 16 48 Sweat MOG T 152 150 3 18 61 16 53 WaT 16%7; 153 150 1 144 61 144 33 WAS 5 1/ 154 149 55 26 61 15 26 yeah Wn7/ 155 149 53 22 61 13 48 15a 16.7 156 149 55 45 61 12 15 ST 16.7 157 149 58 10 61 11 50 USS i 16.7 158 150 0) 45 61 12 8 Dai 16.7 159 150 3 46 61 9 55 set diff 160 149 59 52 61 8 11 16.1 Aiteent (Continued)
(Sheet 4 of 32)
Gage
Number
161 162 163 164 165
166 167 168 169 170
UA lie 173 174 175
176 177 178 179 180
181 182 183 184 185
186 187 188 189 190
191 192 193 194 195
196 197 198 199 200
Longitude deg min sec 149 55 42 149 «51 38 149 «49 17 149 44 2g 149 «441 14 149 38 18 149 34 3) 149 31 40 149 29 8633 149 26 20 149 22 43 149 19 11 149 12 34 149 9 31 149 3 46 149 3 22 149 (f 48 149 10 32 149 «15 38 149 20 53 149 22 60 149 25 11 149 28 52 149 «33 42 149 «37 52 149 4O 38 149 46 il 149 49 56 149) 1535033 149 55 25 150 0 44 150 6 4 1S Olea at 38 1509 5 21 150 18 11 150 19 44 150 23 44 150) 27/ 6 150 30 47 150 34 30
Table 1 (Continued)
Latitude deg min sec 61 6 4O 61 5 50 61 4 3 61 1 8 61 (0) 15 60 59 53 60 58 54 60) 8158) 4256 60 58 56 60 a5i7: 50 60 56 52 60 55 56 60 56 29 60 55 53 60 53 48 60 51 oy 60 53 14 60 53 14 60 53 39 60 53 37 60 53 49 60 54 144 60 55 4 60 56 1 60 55 ay 60!) 3756) 743 60 57 53 60 58 2 60a 56 27 60 54 43 60 51 4y 60 53 2 60 53 BYi/ 60 56 35 60 58 51 61 0) 42 61 2 9 61 0) 50 60 59 55 60 58 55 (Continued )
100-Year 500-Year Elevation Elevation fats ft 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.4 16.1 18.4 16.1 18.0 16.1 17.7 16.1 18.0 16.1 19.0 16.1 20.0 16.4 21.3 16.4 22.6 TORT 23.6 6% 7, 24.6 16. 7 25.3 Ieie8 23.0 13.8 22.6 16.7 24.9 16.7 24.3 16.7 23.6 16.4 22.3 16.4 21.3 16.1 20.0 16.1 19.0 16.1 18.44 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.4 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 16.1 18.0 163.1 18.0 On| 18.0 sate Utell Wee? WOS1/ yea Wo 1/ UBS ff Wecal Sad( 17.4 eye Tf 17.4
(Sheet 5 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec HES ft 201 150 40 Bil 60 57 15 12R5 14.4 202 150 42 34 60 55 yf W255 14.8 203 150 45 45 60 54 4O l2a5} 14.8 204 150 48 48 60 53 12 1255) 14.8 205 150 53 3 60 51 27 W255) 14.8 206 150 56 4y 60 50 1 Zn lsyaul 207 150 59 20 60 48 53 1255 15xel 208 151 1 22 60 47 58 V2.5 14.8 209 151 4 33 60 47 2 W255 14.8 210 Wy ey 8 60 46 44 125 14.8 211 dey) aals) 15 60 46 19 125 14.4 212 iis ah 27 60 44 32 l2n5 14.4 213 bil 238 3 60 43 38 12a 5 14.8 214 151 2 28 60 42 47 25) 14.8 215 151 22 30 60 4O 4 12.8 15a 216 Weyl Ae 33 60 37 0) 12.8 V5 eel 217 151 19 4g 60 34 59 1228 liber 218 151 16 35 60 33 13 12.8 SVS 1/ 219 151 16 37 60 30 35 12.8 Sy ee/ 220 15a) 16 4y 60 eit 27 12.8 15.4 221 Syl Wes 16 60 25 0) 12.8 youl 222 eal Alte} 17 60 23 15 12.8 14.8 223 Sule 2 35 60 21 15 12.8 151 224 loi 22 4O 60 18 yy 12.8 15s 225 ii “233 30 60 14 45 12.8 Svea 226 ISt 25 tS) 60 11 51 12.8 14.8 227 151 28 55 60 9 Oo 1238 14.4 228 lS eS 31 60 ( 52 12.8 He 229 Sales 2 60 6 3 12.8 14.1 230 lSilieesil 47 60 4 15 12.8 14.1 231 151 40 4 60 2 29 12.8 13.8 232 151 4He 36 60 0) 33 1225 13.8 233 151 43 26 59 58 13 12.8 13.8 234 151 YY 36 59 55 34 12.8 14.1 235 151 45 53 59 53 53 12.8 14.1 236 151 47 56 59 52 15 12.8 14.4 237 151 49g 30 59 48 51 12.8 15.4 238 15, 50 50 59 47 25 12.8 V5 sitl 239 Sale; Sul 47 59 45 25 12.8 15% 7 240 15 5a 11 59 4y 28 12.8 Dai (Continued)
(Sheet 6 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec Bite & 2 RE 241 oy SO) 21 59 43 34 Seal 16.4 242 15 Baa 226 59 4 47 US3e 1 19.0 243 15) HQ F238 59. 89 54 1385 21.0 244 151) 138.7 24 59°") 88)" 932 1325 22.0 245 (Si assay eos 59" Bi 459 1335 Alot 246 syle Sh 0 59 M3 36 1320 Plas} 27 1S 25 11 5935 46 Soa 19.0 248 15 e2san 24 59 40 Ut sos) 20.3 249 US i 18 59 «44 44 1325 22.0 250 151. AEs SS i7. 59 42 39 13-8 2333 251 Sit SO 13 59 44 38 15.4 30.8 252 151 i GB 59) U5) Bi5y 16.1 35.4 253 Lal 4 34 59) 56 53 6Rx7 Soil 254 Si | 2 59 44 20 ORT: 37.4 255 151 4 2 59 42 54 Ue. B50 256 Sy] 6 46 59 4o 49g 14.4 26.6 257 151 Sia mei 5g 39) 323 14.1 24.3 258 Syl als 22 59) 38 17 iE 22.3 259 151) a6 4 59 135) 928 13¢5 20.7 260 ISAS te 3535) 59) est ail Isso 17.4 261 15leecOe S65 59° 33 #45 sie t 18.0 262 US) 220" 24 59 331 54 isi | Ufloll 263 US Zan BS 59 382 12 alse) 17.4 264 Ue 2th ake) 59)" 429 18 W251 19.7 265 Sul ees ©) 9 59) 428 8 W235) 21.0 266 151 Wws5gh 453 59) 428 9 12.5 20.7 267 151) 43 Smp 50 59 28 40 12.1 20.0 268 151 42 5 59 927 48 Wo 19.7 269 151 47 3 59 =.26 9 1221 19.4 270 WEN 2by2) bys) 59) 25 16 121 19.0 271 Noi 53, 3 59) 22) si 12.1 19.0 272 Wey 53} 11 59 21 14 1251 19.4 278 (5 ao oee et 59° 420° 4 Wal 18.0 274 151 59 11 59 18 9 WZol 18.4 2715 15s S0ee 34 59 oa 35 12.1 19.4 276 15:1 25a tees 59 14. 40 We 20.0 277 151 54. 38 59 iB 25 12.8 23-3 278 15i) 51 43 59 j2 428 12.8 24.0 279 15d) su 7eness 59 12 19 USjoil 24.3 280 151 44 59 59 9 41 13eal 24.9 (Continued)
(Sheet 7 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 281 151 42 3 59 9 32 B25 2569 282 15) 338... 28 59 9 39 13.8 28.2 283 Lo esa ce 59 g9 34 (Sey 35.4 284 SV oy 338} 6 59 12 2 14.4 32.8 285 UG Ie 8} 59 12 1)'5) Tobenl 28.9 286 Seal 59 59 14 12 14.4 30.8 287 (OE Mle eae 59 i228 14.1 29.5 288 ot “ls se 59 12 13 Biats) 28.9 289 151 > Ay 59 12 0 13.8 29.9 290 Siu ayy eyZ 59 13 ef iia 33..5 291 151 7 1 59 IS 8 Gear 39.0 292 151 16 24 59 lil?) 433 lienth 41.7 293 WS. is} lit 59 je LS UST 43.0 294 151 fe) 8 59 16 50 Ws 39.7 295 151 y 54 59 16 3 16.4 Bilan 296 151 2 14 59 Hh. (22 16.1 36.1 297 151 Oo 49 59 14° Wy Wot Bor 298 151 (er 59 13 4 15a Sisie( 299 150 58 ] 59 al 58 1328 30.8 300 150 55 60 59 13. 49 spats) Sie 301 150% “53. 39 59 15 5 137.5 29.2 302 150) 511 48 59 OE yeal Sica Siehenl 303 150 48 29 59 eae 14 16:37 41.3 304 15 Oe Bo AT, Be) oe 2's) BY! 41.0 305 150 40 56 59 25 42 16.1 39.0 306 150 36 45 aio) 0 Ab ey 16.4 4o.4 307 1505 34 Sif, 59) 726) 333 18.4 46.3 308 150° 2342 953 59 = 88 7 19.4 50.5 309 150° 36 10 59) 82 18 20.3 54.5 310 150 33 40 59) 73455 Ailes 57.4 311 150 30 10 597 35 18 Flle® 56.8 312 1505 433 8 aye) 8 18 20.3 54.5 313 150 31 18 59 29) 150 19.4 50.5 314 150 31 8 59 vei 9 59 18.0 46.3 315 150 28 30 59 27, | (36 15.4 36.4 316 150 27 41 59° 28 35 eat Silo tl 317 150) 25. 50 59 «6300— 15.4 36.1 318 150 24 56 50 escent let Silt 319 W510) 22 < ye) 59 = 34 8 Siew Silent 320 150522 Wi 59) 29 es UBet Sieal (Continued)
(Sheet 8 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ace Lie Bee 8 321 150: i. 246 59) G25 1 13 sed 28.5 322 150) 15 5 59 29 8 sis5 30.5 323 150" valle 17 59 3) 17 14.1 32.8 324 150) @) 17 Bo) S224 17.4 4.6 325 150) wantee sO 59 133) 55 14.4 34.1 326 ISO a5 8 BO) ish Muy 14.8 Soll 327 150 6 0 59 9 B60). ei, 15.4 38.1 328 VE. 13 59) 38 2 14.8 315) 51 329 149) 56.) 53 59 39) W228 14.1 Bisio | 330 149 55 16 oh ee a 13 14.1 84} 66 331 UEie) MeSyey 7. Gy 59 44 30 15.1 36.1 332 149 49 18 Be) if 156 35.8 333 149 47 4O 59 a3 50 14.4 3235 334 149 44 9 59, 339) - 53H 135 29.5 335 149 43 12 59 «(441 44 14.1 8255) 336 149 43 «(32 59 =—443 10 14.1 B2E0 337 149 45 10 59) 45) 228 14.4 3333518 338 149 45 28 59° OW ein IDS 37.4 339 149 44 54 59 «6449 18 15.4 OS 340 149 44 2) Bye) eS) 16 WORT 41.3 341 149 44 1 59) 56 9 17.4 43.6 342 149 39 4 59) 55 eH fac 43.0 343 149 39 6044 59) 252 a6 16.4 41.0 344 149. S39) 54 59 4Q 21 Del 35.8 345 149 38 56 59 = 46 18 (Bye B85 346 149 36 34 59 «=43~=«( 39 14.4 33.1 347 149 «31 24 59) 2) 30 13.8 31165 348 149) B21 35 59) 45 14 USioo) 29.9 349 149 32 2 59 46 29 14.4 33.5 350 149 35 36 59> Ui 20 14.8 B5em 351 149 «34 5 59). oi 7 14.4 32.8 352 149 «31 14 59) E55), 733 16,4 B61 353 149 27 iS 59) 155) 450 16.4 39.4 354 149 25 29 BO 5500 ser ten Har, 355 149 «24 8 60 OF 36 fall 43.6 356 149 25 58 60 4 4 eke 46.6 Soil, 149 26 5 60 il 1 20.3 By255) 358 149 21 32 60 6 43 20.0 5ls8 359 149) 920.5 “38 60 4 54 rat 45.9 360 149 19 43 60 Oo 44 19.4 50.2
(Continued)
(Sheet 9 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 361 149 «+18 47 59 58 18 19.0 48.6 362 149 20 45 59 56 16 16.4 39.7 363 149 «(17 10 59 54 8 USrei1 35.4 364 149 «16 51 59 52 Hf 14.1 32.2 365 149 «14 44 59 54 4a 125 29.5 366 149 (12 45 59 56 38 13.8 BOx2 367 149 «12 26 59 58 eal 14.1 Silos) 368 149 11 6 60 ) if 14.8 33.8 369 149 5) 33 60 2 39 15.4 36u1 370 149 3 1 60 3 4 Ibe S567 371 149 2 42 60 1 42 Ue t/ 36.7 372 149 5 30 59 59 38 151 34.1 373 149 6 59 59 57 56 14.1 30.5 374 149 1 12 59 57 3 sie" 26.6 375 148 57 50 59 58 5 S35 11 26.2 376 148 53 6 59 56 35 sal 25.9 377 148 4g 52 59 55 34 12.8 24.9 378 148 45 il 59 Sif 26 W2e5 23.0 379 148 42 31 59 56 23 1255) 22.6 380 148 38 6 59 55 3 12.5 23.0 381 148 36 0) 59 55 39 128 S53} 382 148 33 8 59 5 28 13.5 27.9 383 148 26 32 59 56 44 10.8 26.2 384 148 23 58 59 58 i) 10.8 25.9 385 148 24 144 60 1 4g eal 28.5 386 148 22 51 60 3 44 W2a(5) BONS 387 148 22 13 60 5 11 13.8 34.1 388 148 21 45 60 tf 13 14.4 36.7 389 148 17 With 60 8 43 14.4 36.4 390 148 17 48 60 6 58 13.8 33.8 391 TAS Sai 19 60 5 26 12.8 30.8 392 148 18 50 60 1 50 12s 28.9 393 148 16 7 60 0 40 Wibee 26.9 394 148 0) 31 59 56 35 Vile2 27.9 395 147 52 52 59 58 60 ise5 35.4 396 147 49 5 60 3 34 OWS 24.3 397 147 52 34 60 3 57 10.2 23.6 398 TAT iif 49 60 0) 40 10.5 24.9 399 148 2 ay 59 Sif 33 10.5 24.3 400 148 8 55 59 59 32 10.2 22.6
(Continued )
(Sheet 10 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
1/00-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec at AGE ft 401 147 54 3} 60 AO 10.2 28S 402 148 2k" 23 (KO ISN lls) 9.8 19.4 403 148 22 19 KO So) 10.5 22.0 Kou 148 22 He 60) HIG: 9435 10.5 Zila 4O5 TASH Me 53 GOW ml6a 3S 9.8 19.7 406 14S) Mia’ 728 (SO SI a) ) 9.8 19.4 HOT ES Ose) 60° M9. 957 1OK2 20.7 408 (ES Werke 25 60), 228) 2i7 102 20.7 409 148) Wren 58 (SO 280 12 10.2 20.7 410 Le SL Te GO F253 10.2 20.7 414 VOID Side Ss) 60 9728) oil 10.2 ANS ff 442 1 oS, Bi 60) 330), 49 10.5 22.6 443 148 2 48 GOR 33877 854 10.8 24.3 444 148) ioe TAT, 60) 4857) 536 10.8 2ByA0 415 148 «9 14 60 34 5 10.5 22R8 416 Sy 26 sor) 60) asi 5k HORS 22.6 417 1448 14 48 60; gO 8 10.8 2818 418 1485 SIGE 7311 60 29 34 10.8 2315 419 TAS 228 925 60 30 28 10.8 23343) 420 le eye 2a) ey | 600 he 377 Wee 25.3 421 THOR 2Gat 12 SO SI SO Wiles 25.9 422 148 34 19 60 29 44 18 26.6 423 NSS PL EKon ie Sih COMES emir W225 Cl) 425 148) 9352) ONS 60 i 3 29 1251 2ilpre 426 14S 933. 485 CON eeewed Wiles 25.6 427 148 30 41 60)" 33) S36 TiS 26.2 428 148 26 52 60 33 48 UioS) 25.6 429 148 24 3 60) 932) 22 10.8 23.6 430 148 19 «(44 (KOA 2 10.8 Zi3)0,3) 431 148 16 4 60 34 25 10.8 23.0 432 148) ais 12 60. 36 S10 10.8 24.3 433 148 13 46 60 45 725 12.8 30.5 434 148" Miter 35 60, 43 188 inal 5) 1)55) 435 T43 cede t 24 60 40 if Wet SiS 436 148 24 14 COS Om s0 Seal 30.8 437 148° 237) 25 60 42 56 T2228 30.8 438 14S: 2s 511 60) 45 v24 12.8 30.8 439 148 25 2 60 45 59 12.8 B0R2 40 148 31 14 60° 45. 1826 1305) 31.8 (Continued)
(Sheet 11 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft fee 444 148 37 5 60 844 37 ie5 3255 44a 148 32 19 60 48 46 N35 32.5 443 148 20 4y 60 8 U7 43 12.8 30.2 yyy 148) a7 22 60 51 21 13135 32/35 YYS 148 16 0) 60 54 3 14.1 3511 U6 148 «11 1 60 57 26 Sy 38.4 NT ES ei2 22 61 3 5 WOES 4o.4 448 148 21 34 61 1 43 16.1 41.7 4g 148 16 5 61 4 7 1 Sy ef 41.0 450 148 if gs 61 3} 22 15.4 39.4 451 148 85 8 60 59 46 sya Tf 40.7 452 148 0 5 61 2 47 17.4 45.6 453 Ty 258)" 25 61 5 60 18.4 48.9 ty 147 54 33 61 8 f22 19.0 50.9 455 147 50 4 61 11 6 19.7 532 456 147 45 59 61 10 28 20.0 53105 457 147 47 60 61 9 1 20.0 53:2 458 147 50 3) 61 7 60 18.4 48.9 459 147 52 16 61 6 18 toe! 45.6 460 Tas 155 54 61 4 11 16.4 43.0 461 147 56 56 61 1 18 16.1 41.3 462 147 59 if 60 59 4 15 ¥eul! 40.0 463 148 | 48 60 56 51 1541 BM ol 64 148 5 37 60 54 23 14.8 37.4 465 148 7 4 60 51 58 13.8 33.1 466 148 8 15 60 49g 2T Wiad 32.2 67 148 7 35 60 6 56 We8 219 468 148 1 43 60 46 31 ithe) 26.6 469 147 55 21 60 48 7 Vibes) 25.9 470 147 49 8 60 48 19 10.8 24.3 471 147 37 22 60 50 15 10.5 23.0 472 147 35 15 60 52 13 10.5 23.0 473 47 35 Sif, 60 53 50 105 23.6 474 147 35 59 60 55 29 10.8 24.3 475 147 «37 If 60 57 45 Ws 25.6 476 147 35 Syf 60 59 5 11.8 27.6 477 147 35 6 61 Oo 41 11.8 27.9 478 17 35 144 61 2 11 V2 28.5 479 TAT ssh) 27 61 4 22 lisa 32.5 480 147 30 29 61 4 11 138A 32.2 (Continued)
(Sheet 12 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ie REL __Seht 481 147 31 37 61 2 4 We 28.9 482 WO Sik | Ver 60 59 46 12.1 28.2 483 Uae SO 60) 957 Wels 11.8 27.9 484 147 32 1 6055) 5a35 die 253 485 1Y7 32 10 60; 1853/9932 10.8 24.6 486 147 27 1 60> 053") 133 10.5 23.3 487 147 22 43 60/9511 53 10.5 C208} 488 TET, PS 26 GOl W538) aa56 We} 26.9 489 147 15 18 60) 9956 (5226 12.5 29.5 490 147 «13 10 CO Rot. W450 12.4 28.9 491 47 11 5 60) R55) 835 118 26.9 492 Ve ere 953 G0! 856 18 Uo) 25.9 493 146 58 17 GOW 2955) eZ. 10.8 23.0 4gy 146 55 15 GOy 56 tf 10.5 23.0 495 (46 S25 Ono 15 10.8 23.3 496 146 50 44 607059 19 10.8 23.0 497 146 48 22 61 OF 59 10.5 22.3 498 146 43 28 61 Zs) S10) I2oS 28.9 499 146 39 3 61 By. Sho) 1Sia 30.8 500 146 34 27 61 6 34 Wes) B22 501 146) 930) 56 61 6 54 14.1 35.1 502 146 28 2 61 7 Vie 14.8 Silo fl 503 146 24 10 61 if 8 14.8 Silbanti 504 1460820" 2728 61 6.516 14.8 38.1 505 TAG Sino 61 6 t2i 15.4 4o.4 506 146 16 46 61 4 4) 15.4 40.0 507 1N6ie2O Nes 61 4 39 15.1 37.4 508 146 24 31 61 4 39 14.4 35.8 509 1467928; 426 61 4 15 14.1 34.8 510 I46pes DF 533 61 4 26 USoo) 322 Sy 146 34 37 61 4 24 User 30.2 512 146 39 «(47 61 3 12 ee 24 .6 513 146 41 9 61 0 0 10.8 23.6 514 1H6 45 19 60) abi 1 10.5 22.6 Sil) 146 AY 5 60 54 5 10/15 2243 516 146 47 40 GOs (laf ORD 22.6 517 146 48 4y 60 49 26 10.5 22038 518 146 47 33 60) We47 54 10.5 23.0 519 146 43 41 60) Pah8: wae 10.5 22.6 520 1465 88) 710 60 48 40 10.5 C72 55} (Continued)
(Sheet 13 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec i Rng eee 521 146 33 24 60 48 9 @eis) 22.0 522 146 27 13 60 48 21 10.8 233 523 146 23 19 60 48 28 ale: 24.6 524 146 19 tS) 60 4g 0) abs) 25.6 525 146 «17 21 60 49 51 12.1 27.6 526 146 13 16 60 51 27 Zou 27.6 527 146 14 32 60 50 5 alee 26.2 528 146 16 38 60 48 11 liles 26.2 529 146 20 29 60 46 53 Whe} 25.9 530 146 26 14 60 46 19 lez 24.9 531 146 31 18 60 46 11 10.8 23.6 532 146 36 13 60 45 12 1OR5 22.0 533 146 41 47 60 yy 133 NOS 22.6 534 146 39 14 60 4O 56 10.5 22.6 535 146 «34 51 60 4O 58 10.8 24.6 536 146 29 45 60 40 29 10.8 24.0 537 146 25 54 60 4O 42 Vee 24.6 538 146 22 57 60 44 38 Vee 24.6 539 146 21 10 60 43 12 eS 25.6 540 146 17 25 60 42 30 10.8 23.6 541 146 9 56 60 43 if Vee 24.9 542 146 6 14 60 yy 36 11.8 Clee 543 146 3 11 60 45 8 Mies 27.6 544 46 4 55 60) 4435 02H 11.5 25.9 545 146 ith 15 60 4a ay WS 25.6 546 146 10 13 60 44 16 10.8 24.0 547 146 12 35 60 40 3 OSS 23.0 548 146 16 1 60 38 31 Vise 25.3 549 146 12 51 60 Bi 18 10.8 24.3 550 146 if 58 60 oi 60 10.8 23.6 551 146 1 48 60 39 35 WSS) 25.9 552 145 59 52 60 38 12 eS 25.9 553 145 57 12 60 Bil 6) 11.8 26.9 554 145 *52) 56 60 38: 18 12 Zilrse 555 145 44 32 60) sar Air Use 28.9 556 145) 03% 50 60 38 22 13.8 31.8 557 145 40 36 60 36 32 13.8 32.2 558 145 42 5 60 35 5 13%41 29.5 559 145 4y 28 60 33 21 12.8 27.9 560 145) Riven 23 GO), ssi 22k 12.8 28.9 (Continued)
(Sheet 14 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec fa eT | Jeet 561 145) 95) 30 60 #29 156 eel 27.2 562 tS eS eH 60 827 Ho MES 25.9 563 AS RSS pnt 60> #26 138 1158 26.2 564 145 42 20 60) 928 6 13 29.2 565 145 36731 60 22) 89 13.1 30.2 566 (45 53h) 25 60 i324 159 Wakes) 25.6 567 146 820 13 60. 33) “439 We 24.0 568 146 «9 9 6054311 16 10.8 24.0 569 TAG a7, 2 60) 930° ghe Uioe 24.0 570 THO, MST Si 60.726. 550 10.8 22.6 571 146 «9 9 60 427 85 11.8 25.9 Die 146 893 9 60 29 7 11.8 25)08) 3) he: 145 55 54 60)" ¥il 8 W255 | 29.2 574 145 4B 41 (OM SkSun eels) 1285 26.9 Dio. 146 5 12 GOn 22 ei al Gs) 25.6 576 146 id 338 60) a9) 653 121 2882 ili; Gre Or mes 60) 420 9 125 29.2 578 1G) M259 "22 60 (OM RSI 12.8 30.2 579 146 30 23 60 16 40 Wc) 25)08) 580 146" S36)" \k22 60) aS RSH Wie 24.6 581 146 441 53 60), MIG 23 10.8 23.0 582 146 = 43 19 60s 7200 as 1025 22.3 583 146: S43) 932 60 23 3 10.5 22.0 584 146 39 58 60 26 3} 10.5 Aloll 585 146 36 8 53 GO, #28: S5 10.8 22.6 586 146 125 28 OOM 2T) 1 t59 10.8 2340 587 146 21 27 60) 26. 723 10.8 24.0 588 146 20 26 60 24 6 os) 24.9 589 146 «13 0 605) 725 ut sos) 24.6 590 a SS 12 60) ya22 12 10.5 22.0 591 147 O 50 60) 420), B19 TORS Avot! 592 TYG: 55 0 60) GIG) 760 10.8 2310 593 147 4 43 60 11 43 2 24.0 594 147 10 2 60 9 638 TRS 25.6 595 147 MRS f 22 60 7 44 Was Cieee 596 147 16 ae, 60 5 WY 12.5 29.2 597 17 MOT 853 60 By If 12.8 30.5 598 VAT N22; o 4h 60 (OP SH Was) 29.2 599 147 21 10 59° GST 1450 We 27.6 600 VAT ReTay 153 59) 456 458 S63) 3285 (Continued)
(Sheet 15 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min see ft ft 601 147 26 37 59 54 2 igea 30.8 602 147 29 33 59 51 1 1225 28.5 603 147 33 31 59 5O Sit 11.8 28.9 604 147 38 A 59 50 16 Milats' 29.2 605 147 4Oo 39 59 47 56 12.1 29.9 606 147) YY 26 59 48 6 13.5 33.8 607 147 «48 50 59 46 4O 14.4 38.1 608 147 53 11 59 45 60 14.4 38.1 609 Why 53 54 59 4B 55 13.8 34.8 610 Tat 53 tf 59 51 40 13.8 36.1 611 147 48 5 59 53 27 14.8 38.4 612 147 5 19 59 56 36 13.8 350 613 147 42 18 59 58 53 lee5 30.8 614 147 38 fe) 60 @) 26 HSS) 2iae 615 147 34 20 60 1 44 11.8 27.6 616 TAT. 3077 53 60 3 38 1225 29.9 617 147 «26 39 60 5 12 T1288 Sse 618 147 23 42 60 7 a4 12.5 28.9 619 147 22 15 60 9 27 ialistes 26.6 620 147 18 Ke) 60 12 55 W255) 28.2 621 147 14 10 60 13 60 125 27.6 622 147 11 31 60 16 17 Wis 26.6 623 147 10 12 60 18 B5 Wie 24.0 624 147 12 28 60 20 22 10.8 2303 625 147 36 5 60 29 58 102 2140 626 REST) 46 60 27 13 10.5 23.0 627 147 36 38 60 25 48 10.5 23.0 628 Ve Sit it 60 22 4g 10:45 22.3 629 147 38 15 60 20 13 10.2 22.0 630 147 40 5 60 18 23 10.8 2356 631 147 43 9 60 15 58 1OR5 23.0 632 147 Ye 15 60 13 38 10.5 22153 633 147 43 48 60 11 44 10185 23:53 634 147 45 11 60 9 49 10.2 22.6 635 147 YT 21 60 9 39 10.2 23.0 636 147 50 3 60 11 8 9.5 18.4 637 147 53 3 60 13 20 9.5 18.4 638 147 55 52 60 16 2 9.5 19.0 639 147 52 32 60 19 35 9.8 19.4 640 1A7 4541 1 60 23 6 9.8 19.7 (Continued)
(Sheet 16 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec BU ft 641 147 49 (34 GOR e2o: 1 ei 9.8 20.7 642 1a? Wie “25 60 27 40 10.2 Pil o3} 643 147 43 8 60 30 5 10.8 24.0 644 147 3821255 60 32 6 10.5 23°53 645 147 33 2 60533) al 1oR2 21.0 646 147 18 42 SOS 10.2 Poll 647 147 21 29 60 3, 15 10.2 Ai os} 648 147 25 60 60) 3 713 10.2 21.0 649 Tat “29R% “51 60 38 36 10.5 2253 650 147 28 (45 60 843 3 10.2 22.0 651 1a eS ND 60 44 3 10.2 Alot 652 147 21° =4e 60) 4 2 56 10.2 Ailes 653 Ve Sener 2 605 39) Ay 10.8 24.3 654 147 56 54 60 39) HO 12 5)\95) 655 (i I5OR E755 60 40 46 1S 26.6 656 148° Os! 47 60 43 4 like? 25.6 657 147 54 37 60 43 41 10.8 23.6 658 147 «16 11 60° 151. 46 10.8 233 659 147) oeSe as 60, 54 13 11.8 26.9 660 a7 4 18 60 53 5 10.5 23.0 661 1478 3 60 50 50 10.2 Ai) si) 662 MS AUS 605720 2789 925 S67 663 148 5 4 60) 16 » 526 9.8 19.0 664 148 8 18 607 in 14 9.8 19.4 665 148 5 2g 60) 721 10 9.8 19.4 666 145 30 54 60 191, SH 13.8 S255) 667 145 2h i) CO) ite) “48 13.8 S205) 668 145° 21 9 60! 1G; 738 13.8 33). 1 669 145) 15 39 (KO kts 27 13.8 Sol 670 145 8 46 60) ag 6 12.5 22 671 144 57 1 60) iz) 1325 3)6"1 41.0 672 144 50 45 SO ale 14.4 Silall 673 1H4 43 «4g 60) 11 26 14.8 40.0 674 144 41 10 60 85 4159 14.1 Silo 675 144 38 Ye 60 tye 1885) 380 676 144 34 «8 60 6 uf Weil 28.9 677 1H4 27 = 22 60 4 4g 12.8 30.5 678 144 20 = 23 60 6 41 15}05) 33.8 679 144 16 89635 60 Wy 38 1386 34.1 680 144 12 50 60 8} 0 14.8 38.7 (Continued)
(Sheet 17 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 681 144 9 3 60 ] 29 14.8 39.0 682 144 5 34 59 59 29 13.8 Boel 683 144 8 47 59 57 16 12785) 29.5 684 Wye 15 34 59 5D 4y seal 325 685 Wy 22 28 59 54 5 11.8 PH 686 WWy 2g 4y 59 49 56 11.8 Clerc 687 144 36 44 59 4S 9 9.8 20.7 688 144 36 16 59 yy Alife 935 19.0 689 144 33 @) 59 6 Ba 9.8 19.4 690 1Y4y 2g 35 59 48 1 9.5 19.0 691 WH4y 25 5 59 50 25 9.8 20.0 692 144y 19 35 59 58 2 9.5 18.7 693 144 4 25 59 56 Bi 1025 Well 694 144 ) aul 59 315) 43 1082 ules 695 AS oie (26 59 64 143 9.8 210.3 696 IZ" 453 42 59 55 2 9.8 Pea 697 143° 4934 59. 155 46 9.8 2a 698 143 46 3 59 56 15 9.8 Pett 699 143 Ye 5 59 56 25 9.8 21.3 700 143 38 40 59 56 42 9.5 2ORT, 701 143-34 144 59 56 51 9.2 19.0 702 143 30 25 59 Dil 6 9.2 18.0 703 143 26 31 59 57 4 ee 16.7 704 143 23 10 59 Sy 5 (fees) 16.1 705 13 18h 150 59 57 2411 Tee 15.4 706 43 on 21 59 Syl 9 (G2 14.8 707 See 6 59 57 18 eae 14.1 708 143 if 20 59 5 31 ese 1328 709 143 3 44 59 58 21 (ae 13841 710 143 ) 15 59 59 | 6.9 12.8 (eu 2 S 43 59 59 33 (ho) 13.8 T12 142 1511 55 59 59 38 62 1320 713 142 48 22 59 59 1) (2 eal 714 1y2 yy 33 59 59 Byt ere 12.8 eS 142 40 30 59 59 59 62 12.8 716 142 37 22 59 59 45 ae 13.1 ue HH? 933 19 59 59 24 tee 13.8 718 142 22 59 60 4 25 lene Seal 719 142. «19 12 60 3 59 le 123 720 We. 15 4 60 3 39 6.9 Wile (Continued)
(Sheet 18 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 721 142 112 14 60 3 14 Nese 12.8 T22 142 {( 19 60 2 ay Mere 13.5 723 142 3 32 60 2 1 ese 13.8 724 141 59 B33 60 1 45 lave 13.8 725 141 55 54 60 1 20 (32 14.1 726 141 52 35 60 @) 51 ese 13.5 ed 141 48 12 59 59 29 6.9 12.1 728 141 43 52 59 57 56 6.9 10.5 729 141 39 45 59 58 2 6.9 10.8 730 THT 36 21 59 58 We 6.9 1@,5) 731 TU ese Shi/ 59 59 12 6.9 10.8 732 2s 38 60 0 13 (a2 11.8 733 ea 823} 60 60 1 13 8.9 Wot 734 141 ey 4 60 3 24 9.5 Blot 135 Te ea 11 60 5 34 9.8 23.0 736 141 2 35 60 8 36 10.2 24.0 TE 141 22 | 60 6 11 9.8 23.6 738 141 14 3 60 7 1 10.2 2353 739 141 19 38 60 4 2 9.5 22.0 THO A a6 11 60 O tS) 9.2 20.3 741 141 16 21 59 58 59 8.9 18.7 742 VA ee 50 59 56 38 8.2 16.7 743 141 26 38 59 55 54 hve 12.1 7T4Y (a eee 31 59 52 4S 6.9 11.2 TY5 141 20 BM 59 51 48 6.9 10.5 746 141 16 56 59 50 58 6.9 10.8 TUT 141 12 34 59 50 1 6.9 MRS, 748 141 5 48 59 48 13 6.9 Wi ets} 749 140 57 26 59 TS) 46 6.9 W165 750 140 49 31 59 yy 33 6.9 tis2 751 140 45 22 59 yy fe) 6.9 10.8 752 THO SF eIS5 59 43 20 6.9 1152 753 140 37 47 59 42 49 6.9 Woe 754 140 33 45 59 42 55 6.9 10.2 755 140 30 9 59 42 60 6.9 9.8 756 140 26 20 59 42 50 6.9 10.5 (St I4Ope22 17 59 42 43 6.9 10.2 758 140 18 54 59 44 1 6.9 10.8 759 140 13 13} 59 42 9 6.9 11.8 760 140 9 20 59 43 53 (65) 14.4 (Continued)
(Sheet 19 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 761 140 3 21 59 45 tf (85) 14.8 762 139 58 2 59 H6 34 (a5) 15\e1 763 139) 53 20 59 47 28 7.9 Dyes 764 139 49 9 59 48 18 7.9 15.4 765 139 46 48 59 49 29 (ise) 1524 766 139 45 53 59 52 15 7.9 17.4 167 139 37 26 59 50 25 7.9 18.0 768 139) 35 He 59 48 4 7.9 17.4 769 139) 033%). '59 59 5 22 7.9 16241 770 ISON 35 24 59 4a 5 tS eT/ TA. 139) 311 46 59 39 H6 Ties 15.4 TT2 139% 35 32 59 Sif 2 7.9 USI 773 139 43 30 59 aT 42 (ha) 14.8 774 139 48 16 59 34 35 6.9 121 HS 39h 51 27 59 31 29 6.9 TRS 776 139 46 26 59 29 yf 6.9 12.8 ott 139 41 32 59 28 13 6.9 12.1 778 139 36 54 59 .26 40 6.9 12541 779 139 31 35 59 ay 29 ie 14.1 780 139 26 56 59 22 4y ee 15.4 781 139 22 Nf 59 21 19 lise WBicd/ 782 139) 15 59 59 19 34 6.9 1328 783 139 11 T 59 18 27 8.2 19.0 784 139 7 20 59 17 34 7.9 thet 785 139 3 45 59 16 36 65) 14.8 786 138 58 58 59 15 22 7.9 eye tf 187 138 55 ili 59 14 22 7.9 Whoa 788 138) 154 35 59 13 13 fies) 15.4 789 Son ei 31 59 11 36 hae) 157 790 138 4y 9 59 10 4 (85) 157, 791 138 441 1 59 8 37 (bas) 1 792 1389934 38 59 10 24 eed 15.4 793 138 34 26 59 6 31 Nae US 794 138 30 9 59 5 634 lee 13.1 795 138 25 60 59 4 35 ee 135 796 138 21 H6 59 3 43 Tse 14.1 7197 138 16 Sif 59 2 43 thos 15.4 798 138 13 12 59 1 33 tere. 13.8 799 138 10 50 59 0 13 (has) 14.4 800 138 #87 «(48 58 58 38 5 14.8 (Continued)
(Sheet 20 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec mani is ile 801 138 1 29 58 55 34 7.9 VO. 1 802 Sih Ste 28 58 53 U 7.9 17.4 803 USie '3)s) 29 58 50 23 (fed) 16.1 804 187 456 43 58 47 57 Wee 14.1 805 si 352 4g 58 Tt) 16 o@ Wot 806 137 46 ou 58 42 ay thoB 1561 807 Wa 39 58 39 H6 ere 14.1 808 137 40 29 58 Byf 18 6.9 Wes 809 137° 36 2 58 35 35 6.9 10.8 810 Ses O 23 58 33 23 6.9 10.5 811 137 24 33 58 30 4y 6.9 10.8 812 Sit, Uae: 21 58 28 19 6.9 W165) 813 137 «14 44 58 26 54 6.9 10.8 814 1B 8 50 58 au 43 6.9 10.8 815 137 5 25 58 22 43 6.9 Wo 816 137 1 Calf 58 24. 4 (2 V3305) 817 136 755 27 58 22 33 thas) 1D3 1 818 136 653 58 58 20 19 oe 13.8 819 136 50 16 58 18 33 6.9 V2.5 820 136 46 115) 58 17 Uf 6.9 10.5 821 136 43 41 58 15) 233 6.9 10.8 822 136 42 13 58 ye 30) 6.9 9.8 823 136 39 49 58 12 30 6.6 8.5 824 136 35 28 58 13 8 6.6 8.5 825 136 «6344 21 58 16 11 6.6 8.9 826 136, 9241 31 58 12 40 6.6 8.9 827 36 F226 4311 58 (ya Sif 6.6 8.9 828 136 26 44 58 7 6 6.6 8.5 829 136) 332 9 58 5 36 6.6 8.5 830 136 133 23 58 3 23 6.6 8.2 831 136, 33 30 58 1 22 6.6 8.2 832 136 832 34 yf 59 3 6.6 9.5 833 136 34 3 By Sl Si 6.6 9.5 834 136.234 21 57 55 7 6.6 9.2 835 136 29 26 57 52 17 6.9 10.5 836 136 25 21 Mf 49 27 6.9 Who's) 837 136 20 23 57 47 28 oF 13.1 838 136 «616 45 57 43 42 ene 13.8 839 dete 15 54 Bill Oo 49 oe Wo) 840 136 413 Ke) 57 38 56 {io 12.8
(Continued)
(Sheet 21 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec Cd : ft 841 136 tf 51 yt 36 55 oe as 842 IWBOy eed 2k 5 135. wu? (ad 14.8 843 186 .2 48 5 &34 2 (65 14.8 844 136 1 52 Sih MSOn ) a3if (ee 12.8 845 135 59 I) Bill 29 10 6.9 10.8 846 isisy “Sif 54 5T Zl 15 6.9 10.8 847 1355 253) 44 Sie te. 38 Tee 12.8 848 135 50 16 Bill 22 56 62 dhs) 849 135) 41 18 57 20 59 (c2 Zou 850 135 45 ils Silk 20 4 (32 Utes 851 135) "50 39 yf. 19 4y (C92 1128 852 135) 750 18 Dill 1% 17 tee 1255 853 135 50 57 Bill 15 13 ee 12.8 854 etsy) (S51 55 57 12 46 eee 12.8 855 135 49 47 Sy 10 22 Tee 128 856 135: 46 30 Syl, 6 11 6.9 Wa 857 135 50 39 5, 4 22 6.9 nexs) 858 135) 851 3 5, ] 11 6.9 Vilee 859 135 49 20 56 58 56 6.9 9.2 860 135 Ay 1/5) 56 59 47 6.9 9.5 861 135) 38 8 57 O 11 6.9 NOES 862 135) 36 18 Bf. 2 10 8.2 ifae 863 135 «34 5)if 5) // 4 Bi 9.2 20.0 864 i357 33 32 5 i 7 35 10.2 24.3 865 135 29 12 57 9 19 OZ 24.6 866 1355 230 \5H 57 8 12 9.8 23.3 867 135) 2238 15 57 6 45 9.8 22.6 868 135) 223 50 Byll 5 28 8.9 19.7 869 135 21 46 57 3. 29 7.9 16.4 870 IiB5. Givi 52 ill 6) 19 a5 14.4 871 IB5) 423 1 56 58 33 fs) 128, 872 35; 6238 58 56 56 4O (35 12.8 873 135 22 ai 56 53 7 tae, 25 874 135 22 57 56 50 4y eae THIS 875 135 18 23 56 46 16 35) 14.8 876 iss a8 30 56 43 36 fs 1.1 877 135) «16 30 56 44 4O hae 21 878 135 12 23 56 39 60 7.9 1S 879 135 8 59 56 38 3} 8.2 17.4 880 135 8 6 56 36 19 7.9 sore (Continued)
(Sheet 22 of 32)
Gage Number
881 882 883 884 885
886 887 888 889 890
891 892 893 894 895
896 897 898 899 900
901 902 903 904 905
906 907 908 909 910
911 912 913 914 915
916 Omi, 918 919 920
Longitude deg min sec (35s) eae So iew it Siatew ol 135 1 18 134 59 3} 134 56 28 134 55 3 ih 53) | Sil 134 50 Wf 134 49 48 134 48 16 134 4a 8 134 Ye 19 134 39 56 138639) 9 15 130) MiGs BG 134 915 9 134 «15 22 134) a3) HO 134" a0 15 Ish eer F283 134. 6 4O 134 20 6 134 9 37 se ee 134 19 28 183 156)" 136 133 153) 728 183) 4g Oh esi 133° 4537" 116 133 459 133 4Oo 34 133 59 ~=36 133° “43 25 133 34 = (31 133 30 Wi 133° 424 36 133° 3) 2 133° 135 15 133 39 26 133 40 8
Table 1 (Continued)
Latitude deg min 56. 433 560 sit 56 29 56 G26 56 862 56 21 56 19 56 18 56 16 56 14 56 12 56 10 56 9 56 12 56 14 56 11 56 if 56 4 56 2 56 0 56 1 55 55D 55 55 55) 52 55 50 55 5s 55 56 55) 53 55 50 56 ) 56 4 56 4 55 54 5)3) 58 55 Syl 55 50 55 4g 55 4g 55 4g 55 48
sec
33 3H
(Continued)
100-Year Elevation
ft
GNLOMON SE) ON ONLON TONONIONIONLON, LONI ONAON Gy CIN ON IONIONIO) - TON ONON ONION: [ON = =) i)
DMNOOWNN NNHDNO DANAAHAA ODOAONMMD OOOOD AAADADHD ONMMMNM NHNWONWVW
500-Year Elevation fate
oOoown
—=
— — — OMO WMADMDMO ODWWONA DOWOWUOO OWO@MMC
SHS SH NUM UOMONMNM WMOM—-M NWOMNM NHMUMNMNMWO NW —-—
oO MO CO —- =
Sheet (23 of 32)
Gage Number
921 922 923 g24 925
926 927 928 929 930
931 932 933 934 935
936 937 938 939 g4O
941 ge 943 g4y Q45
946 Q47 948 949 950
951 952 953 954 955
956 957 958 959 960
Longitude deg min sec 133 41 AN 138 38)? 36 183 si 44 133 24 45 Issnmes 4y 133) 745 1 133 49 = 13 133 40 35 133° S91 39 133 3860F 26 133320) 29 igs. 7250156 133° S14) 59 133 itt 21 133° 29H 33 133 «14 22 1338. (28 2 133: 722 17 133 415 34 133 «14 11 133° G37 843 133) als 20 138 ©9 58 1335 #69 159 iIBse se 36 133 1 52 132 59 9 132) 455 2 132 52 50 132 50 pall 132 45 56 132 «41 Uf 132 41 58 132 B86) 34 1327 720 8 132) 18 4 Wwe as yy 132 9 57 132 5 32 132 0 52
Table 1 (Continued)
Latitude deg min sec 55 46 35 55 43 45 55 41 4y 55 Oo 9 55 BT 56 5p) 32 58 a5) 27 18 55 22 31 55 16 30 55 144 28 55 20 10 55 19 46 55 22 17 55 27 44 55 32 42 55 35 Ht 55 15 32 55 i) 31 55 13} 9 55 11 1 55 7 39 55 4 42 54 58 58 54 55 33 54 53 4g 54 51 22 54 4g Hi 54 656 54y 4y 31 54 44 27 54 40 35 54 39 51 54 43°C 54 46 0 54 46 55 54 43 12 54 43 Wal 54 44 ay 54 Oo 55 54 44 23 (Continued)
100-Year Elevation
ft
= DADNDANAD DADA A ANDAAN DAAA@O OANANANAD DAANNNAN ANANAAD
MMNMNNM NANAAD AMDWOWOO MWMUWOWOO OWOWOWOWO NMMMNMNO DWONMWM WWWN0O0woO
500-Year Elevation ft
9). 9. ie Ue Nbys
13. Ie ane
SS - = MN NMNMNUYH FF OoOW®
oO DBAOMNMNMN UINOWOO ONWMNMN WEN @O@M MMNMNMO
(Sheet 24 of 32)
Gage Number
961 962 963 964 965
966 967 968 969 970
971 972 973 974 975
976 Sill 978 979 980
981 982 983 984 985
986 987 988 989 990
991 992 993 994 995
996 997 998 999 1000
Longitude deg min sec Vit 159) 52 Si) Sy 54 131 59 11 Sess 46 isi 58 6 131 58 54 131 58F 38 132 0) 31 131 58 42 131 49 18 131 45 144 13h A3 22 Wik AO Lif ish 438 23 Vey) Si) Dill See a3 9 152) 720 5 152 22 28 Wet 25) 6 U2 27/ 52 52 33 29 152 38 42 152 38 52 152 36 30 lib2e 32 37 152 26 46 152 19 50 152 18 5 152 eas 6 152 6 54 152 6 4O 152 6 16 151 59 4o ey) Syl 58 15sle Sith Dil 151 48 1 151 48 20 ital) Sz 39 151 58 37 152 3 1
Table 1 (Continued)
Latitude deg min sec 54 45 59 5 Ng) 156 By 52) 22 54 54 144 5 56. 154 Sli 59) 37 55 i 53 55 it 3 55 11 23 55 10 46 55 7 37 55 10 vi 55 ee 2 55 16 33 55 it 5p 55 I 7 23 58 = 34 16 58) il 38 Gye} | ekey, ey 58 27 4O 58 2 '55 5B 929) 57 Son een Sih 58n) 35 17 58) 35) Se 58 36) eT 58 386 49 ber | 2k su) 58 22 5 58 22 23 58 18) 85 58 Sy 25) 58 19 39 58 i 32 58 15 18 58 2y7/ 58 OF Sul 58 9 41 58 i 333} 58 9 88 (Continued )
100-Year 500-Year
Elevation Elevation 1G ft 10.2 10.8 OEE 10.8 1Oe2 10.8 10%2 10.8 NOE2 10.8 10.2 10.8 10%2 10.8 102 10.8 10.2 10.8 10.2 10.8 10.2 10.8 10.2 10.8 10.2 Woe 10.2 VWw62 10.2 VWs2 10.2 Wis2 7.9 17.4 8.9 20.7 8.5 19.4 9.2 21.0 a5 15.4 6.6 12.1 6.6 Voce 6.6 10.5 6.6 10.5 6.6 Vaz 6.6 12 8.5 19.4 8.9 21.0 9.8 24.0 TRS 29.9 Wee) 32.5 10.2 25.9 9.5 23.0 9.2 23.6 8.9 20.0 8.5 21.7 9.2 23.6 9.2 24.0 9.2 24.3
(Sheet 25 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 1001 152 5x) 31 58 8 9 10.8 29.5 1002 152) Guo 25 58 Oi M2 Wales) 3125 1003 152) ws 5 53° sO. 742 12.8 36.4 1004 152: O63 “25 58) “yi3>) 82 13.8 40.0 1005 152) slik NA 56) ital 1 15ze 44.0 1006 152 alifet 48 58 (ae 1264 33.8 1007 (52 e hiGar 52 58 6135 ie 29.9 1008 152) 12087 925 58 5 16 ORS 25.9 1009 152 25> 31 58 6 49 Wee 28.2 1010 Ibe See 30 58 4 16 15.4 45.3 1011 1528 337) Sil 58 8 2 17.4 Slee 1012 152 35 46 58 9) 59 17.4 Byline) 1013 1527 36 7 58 7 3 Ie ¢ 45.6 1014 152) BOM bi. 58 Ses 14.8 41.0 1015 152 45 14 58 O 45 Uifonh 52n5 1016 152 Bure 41 57 155.) Ut Tithe 50.2 1017 152) OM 45 ie eS teal 2726 83.0 1018 152, 4h 23 a7 OW oF 3128 94.8 1019 152° 150)! 54 bt. tn. 754 29.9 89.9 1020 152 47 6 57 50). un 26.6 80.1 1021 152 40 26 57 51 58 18% 7 56.1 1022 152765) 47. 57 54 30 16.1 45.6 1023 152) 507 138 Dt. ao. ae 16.4 47.6 1024 152 eran 59 Sf 52 R18 9.5 22.6 1025 152 19 49 57. 48 23 9.2 Plot 1026 52) 726e0 9-51 yi, th | 838 925 23.6 1027 152 260! 34 Si Ht2 36 OR5 23.0 1028 152) 2230 42 57 40 13 9.5 22.6 1029 152) 2680 233 57 34 49 9.8 24.3 1030 152) 1907, 38 Si Rete Ale) 85 19.7 1031 1520 Me 59 Bil 136 12 8.5 20.0 1032 N52 19 18 5 (30 18 le 9 Uipotl 1033 152 S97 30 57 34 40 8.2 1S? 1034 152) Mee 27, Si 2) Ai, 10.5 25.9 1035 152) 36" 36 57 30 48 Wee 30.2 1036 152 "WS" 57, 57 1280) 736 Wes Sha 1037 152 G19) 3il bY 25 28 WSS) 30.8 1038 1526 en 15 ST, 2h 53 10.5 28.9 1039 152), 265° 4 5 i230 10.8 29.5 1040 152 sy 37 5 25) 88 1kse 30.5 (Continued)
(Sheet 26 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec Lt ee 6 1041 152 38 51 57 27 22 14.8 39.7 1042 152 48 ile yf 29 2 US 49.9 1043 ey 58} 27 57 29 48 21.0 62.3 1044 eye Se 36 yf 27 35 20.0 60.4 1045 152 48 0) Sif 27 21 19.0 56.1 1046 152 43 27 5) if 25 20 15.4 43.0 1047 152ea389 29 yi 23 44 Wen 31.2 1048 152 36 31 By 21 17 9.8 24.6 1049 152 938 18 yl 18 32 9.2 2288 1050 152 42 15 Sil! 16 6 9.8 25.6 1051 152 48 57 5) {/ 15 27 I@o2 25.6 1052 152 52 46 Syl 16 48 W651 333}45) 1053 Sy2s i ShH/ 50 57 19 5 14.4 42.3 1054 153 5 3 5 18 34 15.4 45.6 1055 153 8 25 57 18 Sif Uihell 52.5 1056 153 if 35 57 Ue 15 WIS 50.2 1057 152 59 20 57 16 47 14.4 42.3 1058 152 56 30 Syl 14 5) sie 29.9 1059 152 58 56 57 13 42 10.2 25.6 1060 153 1 60 Sif 12 54 Mee 28.9 1061 153 6 42 57 12 3 dsc) 30.2 1062 153i ala 6 57 12 40 W235} Sema 1063 153 14 58 57 us} 5 sats) Site 1064 153° 19 1 Bi 11 9 116i 4.9 1065 153) 92a 4S Bf 9) 82 lonh 4.6 1066 153 24 25 Vi 8) 4 15.4 43.0 1067 153 26 B5 yf 6 32 14.4 38.7 1068 153) 22h) 51 By/f 7 3 14.1 38.4 1069 153" a9 20 57 8 46 16.1 45.6 1070 153 14 4 NT 11 54 135 34.1 1071 153 9 4O 57 10 29 Wo 31.5 1072 153 3 Sil iT 10 34 Woe 28.9 1073 152 56 34 57 10 26 10.2 25.23 1074 eye. 52 10 Sif 8 30 9.2 Pils 5} 1075 152855 52 YI 6 54 9.2 21.0 1076 153 1 5 5) 6 52 9.2 2ORT 1077 153 4 23 57 5 59 10.2 24.9 1078 153 if 2 57 4 60 10.2 26.9 1079 153 129" 46 Nh 4 4 11 ate) B35 5) 1080 153 “12 26 Sif 1 18 10.2 25.9 (Continued)
(Sheet 27 off 32)
Gage
Number
1081 1082 1083 1084 1085
1086 1087 1088 1089 1090
1091 1092 1093 1094 1095
1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
1101 1102 1103 1104 1105
1106 1107 1108 1109 1110
Vid deli 1113 1114 Ws
1116 1117 1118 1119 1120
Longitude deg min sec 153° a4 7 153° 8 33 153 19 15 153) 28) 28 153 29 53 153: 7334. 48 153 39 19 153 34 833 sy sy 45 153) 35 4y (53) 3389 45 15S) 47 153 40 4g 153 44 51 153750 15 Ii53) oil 51 153 54 5 153; 58 9 154 6 10 154 8 183 154 6 3 154 3 30 153 58 60 153 54 58 153; 350 16 158i 1511 15 153 54 21 153° 58 2 153 56., -39 153 48 51 153 49 4 as} Sy 38 154 5 16 154 5 37 154 9 12 154. 17 20 154 23 28 154 24 34 154 19 2 154 11 5.
Table 1 (Continued)
Latitude deg min sec 56 59 44 56 59 5 yf 1 20 57 3 11 57 3) 926 Sf 4 4g il 4 31 57 1 47 56 58 49g 56 55 36 56. 155 23 56. 535 57 56 «86451 4y 56 50 10 56 49 39 56 47 39 56 4S 48 56 = 14 56 = =4y 19 56 45 11 56 47 2g 56 50 31 56 52 34 56) 54 127, 56 56 .23 56 57 50 56 857 4 56 57 40 57 @), - 3%) 5 5 39 57 7 43 57 3 «28 56 15-33 bil) 5 0 BYE 6 40 Sf 6 16 57 2 54 Dill Cx 57 8 WY 57 8 2a (Continued)
100-Year Elevation ft
OODOOOD DAADDADA DHDNMWAHAD HDANYMNM VWOAVNWO ONMMNMNM NON -©oO @ON—=woPp
DADNDND DAADNDA DNDADAADA DADADAAHA DAYVIAI OO@aAWMc
500-Year Elevation fit
22, 16. Sil). 35.. 33).
36. 40. 34. 25). 16.
18. 19. lide lifes 20.
Vike 16. 16. ee
Ne} —-O--N OUUM—-©O N®ANMMM ONMNOW WH] |= VYEATOF NOOFE Uo DAW
(Sheet 28 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec re LF ft 1121 1543.) 25h 5i// 6 46 6.6 1265 1122 154 Otc! 56) 156 7 welt 6.2 a5) lies 154, 9°" 49 Bonny Suey 6.2 9.2 1124 15u se 25 Hon, #52 8 6.6 10.2 1125 154 17 40 56 750 ugg G2 9.8 1126 ISU a8e" 22 5o 54 e241 6.2 10.5 1127 15 R2OR 52 56 mob Boe 6.6 10.8 1128 15 23 5 5o Dif! 6 6.2 10.2 1129 154 27 7 500 158 14 6.2 9.5 1130 154 31 16 56 59 46 6.2 8.5 Msi 154 30 46 Dil, 2 18 6.2 8.5 1132 154 30 44 Si ee) 6.2 8.9 1133 154 31 tt 5, 7 17 6.2 9.2 1134 154 31 18 57 S25 6.2 9.5 ASS 154° 32" “28 yi 11 38 6.2 9.8 1136 154 34 2 Byif 3 36 10.2 255 WALSHE SYS TOs By | 15 7 3350) 9.8 Wil eS) 1138 154 43 48 Sil, 15 YT 9.8 10.8 1139 154 47 9 Nf 16 =4y 9.8 10.5 1140 154 47 28 57 20) vat 9.8 10.8 1141 154 44 57 i e2) 28 9.8 11.8 1142 154 42 26 Bi 825 9 9.8 Lies 1143 154 38 4o 57 6°28 6 9.8 Ve5 1144 154° “364 22 i, SO 14 9.8 Wes 1145 154 30 44 Sie See 9.8 Ut 1146 1G 254 eZ 57 34 8 9.8 11.8 1147 54 22 2931 SY B19 17 9.8 Wot 1148 154 a8; V2 Syl Sih ee Sy 10.2 1205 1149 154 15 1 ho Nskeh 2s) 10.2 12.5 1150 154 11 28 Dil, 59 9 10.2 12.8 1151 ey chen 28} 57) 300 0 un 10.2 ol 1152 TSU oe el Bil SO eo Oke W365) 1153 1535 9 8 Bin si 2s) 1Oe2 14.4 1154 153) 256.2 743 ST) 30. BES 1035 VO ff TI55 153 7507 745 a) 235 3 10.8 18.4 1156 153, 58 ut Silis.. 133 9 WeZ 20.0 1157 15S 255. ut Si 30) 425 1133 22.0 1158 153 54 19 Oy en il 1265) 24.0 1159 153, 53, An Sh neon mee isial 25.9 1160 153 48 18 ST, 920. v58 14.4 S05) (Continued)
(Sheet 29 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec Ae ft 1161 153% 45 33 Dy 19 56 14.1 29.9 1162 153 AT 43 Bf 23 11 13e8 28.5 1163 153% “oil 25 Syl 25 47 sya 26.2 1164 153i 52 ei 5. 28 1285 24.0 1165 SSP Si 55 aif 31 21 TAS 2280 1166 153) “Si 925} il 33 52 15 20.3 1167 Ibst 52 10 Sif 37 au 10.8 19.0 1168 153 46 8 57 38 12 10.8 18.0 1169 153 4Oo 6 Sil, 37 36 elie 19.0 1170 153) 35 56 yf 35 28 bes 20.3 1171 153 36 «46 57) “31 58 11.5 20.7 1172 153 40 4O 57 39 26 Walo2 19.0 WS} 153 44 10 Dili Oo 18 10.8 18.0 1174 153 47 32 Yi 44 3 10.8 17.4 1175 53; 50 Dil; Nf 44 33 1025 16.7 1176 153 54 48 57 42 18 10.2 13.8 Wate 1532455 25 Bie 4y 36 10.2 esl 1178 153255 28 57 46 4g 1OR2 125 1179 153/153 35 57 48 39 9.8 W241 1180 1535 S51 5 57 4g 58 10.2 25 1181 153) Ai 29 57 51 26 10.2 12.8 1182 153 43 26 57 53 9 10.2 1325 1183 153 4o 37 Sif 52 iN? 10.2 13.8 1184 1537 336 56 57 52 8 10.2 14.4 1185 153— 935 33 57 4g 43 10.5 16.7 1186 153; 32 yf 57 46 50 eS 21.0 1187 153588 3 57 | 42 Oo hes) 22.0 1188 5S 11 iT 384 il dlicxe' 23.3 1189 153 29 54 57 yy 16 WES 22.0 1190 153 27 9 57 45 19 Wes 22.0 1191 153 16 6 Dill 47 59 Wiles) 22.0 1192 153) ald 5 57 48 43 ESS 22.0 1193 153° 720 35 5 50) i225 Wiee 210 1194 153 23 56 af 51 15 10.8 19.4 1195 153} 2A 4o 57 52 22 10.5 eye / 1196 1537 30)) 328 57 53 51 10.2 14.4 1197 1535 31 tf Byif) Sys) 55 10.2 IBRS 1198 153. 25) 29 Buh MSyp eG 10.2 15.1 1199 Ibs) 7239) 53 57 6.56 1 WAS 24.9 1200 153 16 60 Bf 58) 30 Wiss) 25.6 (Continued)
(Sheet 30 of 32)
Table 1 (Continued)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Etevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 1201 153 2 48 57 52 4y 9.8 25.9 1202 153° 418 4 57 58 34 9.8 26.6 1203 sje Ko) 45 57 57 14 9.8 26.6 1204 153 6 4 yi 55 47 10.8 29.2 1205 152 58 15 57 55 53 12:35 35.4 1206 152 55 9 57 55 Yo 14.1 40.7 1207 152 46 51 3f/ 58 45 15.4 44.9 1208 152 a52 11 57 58 20 ey 43.6 1209 N52. 955 23 57 58 13 14.1 40.0 1210 152 59 33 Bill 58 8 12.8 35.8 1211 153 2 55 Dil) 58 33 10.8 29.5 a2 153 8 53 58 0 38 9.8 25.9 1213 SSeS 4 58 1 57 10.8 22.6 1214 153: S18 48 58 1 60 10.8 21.0 1215 153 24 29 58 2 38 10.2 13.1 1216 5320 42 58 5 6 10.2 12.8 1217 153) Malt 15 58 tf 53 10.2 Bie 1218 153 14 il 58 6 55 10.2 14.1 1219 153) 12 41 58 10 | 1Ow2 13.5 1220 153 9 35 58 11 51 10.2 13.8 1221 153 2 10 58 10 58 10.2 14.1 1222 153 5 9 58 15 27 10.2 14.1 1223 152 59 ay 58 16 55 10.2 14.4 1224 li525 855 35 58 15 By 10.5 14.8 1225 152) 50 ay 58 16 6 10.5 oven 1226 152 46 55 58 15 30 10.5 16.4 1227 152 45 23 58 15 0 10.8 Uifetl 1228 152 46 18 58 16 44 10.8 18.0 1229 152 48 18 58 21 10 10.5 16.7 1230 152 51 38 58 22 18 10.5 14.8 1231 152 53 2 58 23 29 10.2 14.8 1232 152 48 ZA 58 23 19 10.2 14.8 1233 152 ‘45 29 58 25 12 10.5 14.8 1234 152 4O 2 58 27 9 10.5 14.8 1235 152 14 43 58 53 29 RS 18.4 1236 152 20 yf 58 53 43 11.8 16.1 1237 152 15 42 58 55 45 Weu 20.0 1238 152 8 58 58 55 23 oul 22.0 1239 15325 33 59 19 19 10.5 16.1 1240 15)8}* 3% 33 59 20 33 10.8 19.7 (Continued)
(Sheet 31 of 32
Table 1 (Concluded)
100-Year 500-Year Gage Longitude Latitude Elevation Elevation Number deg min sec deg min sec ft ft 1241 153 29 20 59. 23. 720 eS PAS tt 1242 153° 23 3 59 5 Wee 20/7 1243 153 20: 28 bo 217 56 10.5 15.4 1244 154/58) 9341 60 21 48 11.5 1255 1245 152) Ui 20 60m 20" 430 to's) 12.5 1246 1520, 2 60 24 30 Tits 1225 1247 154, 58 15 60 29 15 Wes) 12.8 1248 1S 53 6 60 30 10 eS lea 1249 15h 53 58 60s “268. 25 11.5 12.6
(Sheet 32 of 32)
GAGES 1 - 18
PLATE 1
SA KIUPALIK ISLAND
ad
C. NUKSHAK 20
GAGES 19 - 41
KAMISHAK
GAGES 42 - 49
SCALE
PLATE 3
¢ NORDYKE ISLAND
PLATE 4
URSUS COVE
1239 ©
GAGES 65 - 75 AND 1239 - 1243
PLATE 5
GAGES 76 - 93
PLATE 6
‘CHISIK.3 ISLAND*:1
A y N = S
‘e 0) 10) G
GAGES 94 - 103
SCALE
PLATE 7
-
HARRIET PT
GAGES 104 - 114 AND 1244 - 1249
PLATE 8
0 5 MI feds
GAGES 115 - 127 120
PLATE 9
132
BESHTA BAY
“EAST FORE LAND
GAGES 128 - 133 AND 207 - 215
SCALE
PLATE 10
GAGES 134 - 139 AND 201 - 206
PLATE 11
GAGES 140 - 147 AND 196 - 200
PLATE 12
ac
“ANCHORAGE
GAGES 148 - 163
PLATE 13
GAGES 164 - 170 AND 182 - 187
PLATE 14
GAGES 171 - 181 PLATE 15
CHICKALOON
GAGES 188 - 195
PLATE 16
KALIFONSKY
GAGES 216 - 224
PLATE 17
GAGES 225 - 236
/-CAPE STARICHKOF
PLATE 18
ANCHOR PT *
GAGES 237 - 245 AND 266 - 270
YUKON ISLAND
263
YUKON §f es
GAGES 246 - 265
PLATE 20
DANGEROUS CAPE
AELIZABETH3 4. ISLAND.
GAGES 271 - 279
PLATE 21
“Rea cHUGACH ayy
SELIZABETHS §... ISLAND.
c “PE RL oa = ISLAND -- 3
AGL TAR SiKiA
GAGES 280 - 286
PLATE 22
0) 5 MI
GAGES 287 - 303
PLATE 23
GAGES 304 - 322
PLATE 24
HARRIS
BAY
TwO ARM BAY
GAGES 323 - 333
PLATE 25
RUGGED ISLAND
a) S ) fe) %
GAGES 334 - 351
PLATE 26
a
SEWARD?
as
364 CAPE RESURRECTION
GAGES 352 - 364
PLATE 27
3) CAPE RESURRECTION
SCALE
BLYING SOUND
GAGES 365 - 377
PLATE 28
BLYING SOUND
SCALE
GAGES 378 - 392
PLATE 29
HOGG BAY
"MONTAGUE ISLAND
GAGES 393 - 400
pecan KNIGHT S 6 x
- ISLAND: * -
"8 631
panne
. 4_GAGES 401, 411, AND 626 - 643
Ss
oa)
9 632
PLATE 31
Pre: - CHENEGA - * ISLAND °
ME VANSE ISLAND
PLATE 32
ESTHER - -) OX ISLAND. -
PERRY. ISLAND. ‘2 A I Lg
PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND
GAGES 412, 413, 625, 644, 645, AND 653 - 657
PLATE 33
GAGES 414 - 443
SCALE
@ : . fen, 5D. =
( GAGES 444 - 452 AND 462 - 468
’ GAGES 453 - 461 AND 469-485 - -
daze
COLUMBIA BAY
GAGES 486 - 492, 646 ~ 652, AND 658 - 661
PLATE 37
<.7 ” VALDEZ.2 Vicar eee ee
503 504
GAGES 499 - 513
PLATE 39
GAGES 521 - 532, 534 - 541, 546 - 550 AND 568 AND 569
HAWKINS~ ISLAND
EGG ISLANDS
- - HAWKINS - ISLAND
GAGES 570 AND 576 - 589
OF ALASKA
GAGES 590 - 599 AND 618 - 624
GW 1 IF OFF
ALASKA
PLATE 43
6136S) HANNING *24i BAY
j..» CAPE CLEARE: 1.3
GULF (OR “AtEASIKA GAGES 600 - 617
PLATE 44
Ol ALASKA
GAGES 565 AND 666- 670
OF
ALASKA
GAGES 671 - 692
GIOVE OF ALASKA
GAGES 693 - 708
PLATE 47
GaUSE Fe OF ALASKA
GAGES 709 - 722
PLATE 48
GAULT ES NONE AGL AGSEK A
——ee GAGES 723 - 747
PLATE 49
COU SIS EON EES VAR EARS ekA
GAGES 748 - 757
PLATE 50
GAGES 758 - 779
ALASKA
PLATE 51
GOUR EES SOME mnie SaikarAl
GAGES 780 - 791
PLATE 52
804% cape FAIRWEATHER
OFF ALASKA
GAGES 792 - 806
PLATE 53
GULF
OF
816
ALASKA PALMA BAY
GAGES 807 - 817 Si
PLATE 54
5 fie “« oO @ Bee ae ae: mm Ox. Wapsletee yeas
GUIEE OF
ALASKA
GAGES 818 - 838 PLATE 55
OF
ALASKA
SCALE
GAGES 839 - 848
PLATE 56
> c =) ion} 2 a 3
GAGES 849 - 864
ace
PLATE 57
KRUZOF dé: ISEAN DY oye
GAGES 865 - 874 PLATE 58
GHOTIEIE: OF
ALASKA
GAGES 875 - 882
PLATE 59
WVHLVWHI
= mY bh S|
@ 893
CAPE OMMANEY
OF ALASKA
GAGES 883 - 894
GAGES 895 - 905
PLATE 61
E WARREN E. ISLAND ©.
/ HECETA «Lf SRISUANDIg
GAGES 906 - 915 AND 917 - 923
aoff | STUXEKAN “36 ee ISEANDMe-Gss
Xj: | SAN FERNANDO ° .%4 ISLAND “+2
SAN JUAN = NY)
BAUTISTA 7 GAGES 916, 924, 925, AND 934 - 936 SPP R a q 8 pes
PLATE 63
NOYES ae ISLAND. - - 36
fi LULU ._. ISLAND
GUO OF ALASKA GAGES 926 - 932, AND 937 - 938
PLATE 64
CM CAPES ical iniica : LOOKOUT:
942
GULF OF ALASKA ue
CAPE AUGUSTINE gf :) 7 oe
ig
GAGES 933 AND 939-944 ora PLATE 65
DIXON ENTRANCE
GAGES 945 - 954
PLATE 66
ESN inna Ania Ga 5
GAGES 955 AND 956
PLATE 67
Y INGRAHAM BAY
9 9 963
Ges KENDRICK BAY
EON Te RYAN CAE;
GAGES 957 - 965
PLATE 68
Rau) KETCHIKAN
(INGRAHAM BAY
PLATE 69
USHAGAT et ISLAND
“ SHUYAK 72 ISLAND pS
AFOGNAK: er isLaNo GAGES 977 - 995 AND 1235 - 1238
PLATE 70
A @996
MARAMOT™: ae ISLAND § ff 999 aig) a
> KODIAK 3”
PLATE 71
‘.,, ISLAND ¥
c Pc cthn : oid ONDMIMAS og _ GAGES 1014- - 1021 AND 1204 - 1234 oi
PLATE Te
KODIAK ISLAND
1061 <jTKALIDAK D107 2m
« V \)
© GAGES 1035 - 1054, 1057 - 1061, AND 1072 - 1078
PLATE 73
$1068. SITKALIDAK Pay. ess @ ISLAND aay
GAGES 1055 - 1056, 1062 - 1071, 1079 - 1098, AND 1103 - 1112
PLATE 74
t LOW CAPE -
1129”
GW it ir OVE ALASKA
GAGES 1099 - 1102 AND 1113 - 1141
PLATE 75
1151
GAGES 1142 - 1156
PLATE 76
KUPREANOF Sy
1202 for,
GAGES 1157 - 1203
PLATE 77
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APPENDIX A: NOTATION
Length of major axis of elliptical rupture zone Length of minor axis of elliptical rupture zone Still-water depth
Coriolis parameter
Acceleration due to gravity
Wave height in direction of major axis of ellipse Average runup over a coast, m
Wave height in direction of minor axis of ellipse Tsunami intensity
Linear friction coefficient
Tsunami probability function
Earth's radius
Time
Depth-averaged velocity in the 9-direction Depth-averaged velocity in the 9-direction Displacement of water surface from still-water level Latitude measured from zero at the North Pole
Longitude measured east from Greenwich
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