JUOLQGY KflR 1 9 ~ The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-840O UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN L161— O-1096 FIELDIANA: BOTANY A Continuation of the BOTANICAL SERIES of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 31 The Library of the JAN 1 8 1979 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHICAGO, U. S. A. 520.5 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. Two New Species of Palms from Nicaragua. By S. F. Glassman ... 1 2. Tropical American Plants, VI. By Louis 0. Williams 11 3. Agriculture, Tehuacan Valley. By C. Earle Smith, Jr 49 4. Flora, Tehuacan Valley. By C. Earle Smith, Jr 101 5. Preliminary Studies in the Palm Genus Syagrus Mart, and Its Allies. By S. F. Glassman 145 6. Tropical American Plants, VII. By Louis 0. Williams 165 7. Supplement to Orchids of Guatemala. By Donovan S. Correll .... 175 8. Preliminary Notes on Scrophulariaceae of Peru. By Gabriel Edwin . . 223 9. New Species in the Palm Genus Syagrus Mart. By S. F. Glassman . . 233 10. Tropical American Plants, VIII. By Louis O. Williams 247 11. Notes on the Flora of Costa Rica, I. By William C. Burger 273 12. A New Eurystyles from Nicaragua. By Alfonso H. Heller 279 13. New Species in the Palm Genus Syagrus Mart. By S. F. Glassman . . 285 14. A Revision of the Family Geastraceae. By Patricio Ponce de Leon . . 303 15. Studies in American Plants. By Dorothy N. Gibson 353 16. Two New Nicaraguan Juglandaceae. By Antonio Molino R 357 17. Studies in the Palm Genus Syagrus Mart. By S. F. Glassman .... 363 18. Tropical American Plants, IX. By Louis O. Williams 401 I II 1-3. TWO NEW SPECIES OF PALMS FROM NICARAGUA S. F. GLASSMAN und TROPICAL AMERICAN PLANTS, VI LOUIS 0. WILLIAMS liMVEBOTIFJUMI AUGli 196 LIBRARY FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 31, NUMBERS 1 AND 2 Published by CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM NOVEMBER 25, 1964 TWO NEW SPECIES OF PALMS FROM NICARAGUA S. F. CLASSMAN Professor of Biology, University of Illinois and Research Associate FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 31, NUMBER 1 Published by CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM NOVEMBER 25, 1964 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 6^-66152 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PRESS CONTENTS PAGE Euterpe williamsii 5 Geonoma molinae LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT FIGURES 1. Euterpe williamsii 6 2. Geonoma molinae . . 8 Two New Species of Palms from Nicaragua During a recent trip to Nicaragua, Dr. Louis 0. Williams, Mr. Antonio Molina R. and Mrs. Terua P. Williams collected several numbers of palms. Among these are two new species which are de- scribed below. Holotypes are deposited in Chicago Natural History Museum (F) and isotypes are located in the Escuela Agricola Pan- americana (EAP), Zamorano, Honduras. Illustrations included in this article were made by Mr. Sam Grove and Mr. Robert J. Ander- son, artists on the Museum staff, to whom the writer is most grateful. Euterpe williamsii Classman, sp. nov. Figure 1. Palma 2 m. alta; truncus solitarius, gracilis; folia ca. 1.73 m. longa; petiolus 71 cm. longus, supra anguste canaliculatus, carinatus in dorso, omnino pallide fusco-leprosus; pinnae 16 in utroque rachidis latere, longo-lanceolatae, infimae an- gustae, 27 cm. longae, 1.4 cm. latae, maximae 39 cm. longe, 3 cm. latae, summae 34 cm. longae, 5 cm. latae, utrinque subconcoloriae, apices longo-acuminati; spadix 78 cm. longus, pars ramosa 20 cm. longa; rami 6, 19 cm. longi; pedunculus et rachis fusco-leprosus; spatha 79.5 cm. longa, 2.5 cm. lata; florum glomeruli permultum, vix immersum; flores staminati 4-5 mm. longi, 2-2.5 mm. lati, filamenta apice geniculata, supra teniora; flores pistillati 1.5-2 mm. longi, 1.5 mm. lati. Palm 2 m. tall; trunk solitary, slender; leaves about 1.73 cm. long; petiole 71 cm. long, narrowly channeled above, keeled underneath, covered with patches of pale brownish hairs; leaflets 16 on either side of the rachis, long-lanceolate, lowermost narrow, 27 cm. long, 1.4 cm. wide, main ones 39 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, uppermost leaflets 34 cm. long, 5 cm. wide, lighter green on lower surface, with long acuminate tips; spadix 78 cm. long, branched part 20 cm. long, branches 6, up to 19 cm. long, peduncle and rachis branches covered with patches of brownish hairs; spathe 79.5 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide; flower glomerules numerous, consisting of two male and one female flowers, scarcely immersed in shallow cavities; male flowers 4-5 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, petals more or less acuminate, apex of fila- ments geniculate, attenuate; female flowers 1.5-2 m. long, 1.5 mm. wide. NICARAGUA: Dept. Matagalpa, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua, along road to La Fundadora, cloud forest area, 1300-1400 m., Feb. 23, 1963, 24922. Another specimen (24-918) collected in the same locality and con- sisting of a leaf and part of a fruiting branch, is apparently the same species. The following description of the fruiting stage is added to FIG. 1. Euterpe williamsii Glassman (A, B, E, F from Williams, Molina and Williams 2^922; C, D from 2^918). A, Male flower; X25. B, Female flower; X25. C, Mature fruit; Xo. D, Cross section of fruit and seed showing ruminate endo- sperm; X5. E, Branched portion of flowering spadix; X2. F, Middle part of leaf showing pinnae; Xl. GLASSMAN: NEW PALMS FROM NICARAGUA 7 the new species: fruiting branches 5 (one broken off), 9-11 cm. long; fruit dark brown, depressed globose, up to 10 mm. long and 11 mm. in diameter, stigmatic scar lateral, exocarp thin, papery, mesocarp fibrous, endocarp thin; seed white inside, depressed-globose, up to 6.5 mm. long and 7 mm. in diameter, endosperm ruminate. Euterpe williamsii falls into the tribe Leiostachys Burret which is characterized by scarcely immersed flowers and fruits, male flowers with more or less acuminate petals and filaments with geniculate and attenuate tips. It seems to be most closely related to E. brachyspatha Burret from Costa Rica, especially in the short (less than 20 cm. long) and relatively few spadix branches (about 6) , and approximately the same number of pinnae (16-17) on each side of the rachis. E. wil- liamsii differs from this taxon in having a spathe exceeding the spa- dix rather than a spathe shorter than the spadix, larger fruits (10 mm. by 11 mm. rather than 7 mm. x 8 mm.) and larger seeds (6.5 mm. by 7 mm. rather than 5 mm. by 6 mm.). Geonoma molinae Glassman, sp. nov. Figure 2. Palma 2 m. alta; folia ca. 1.29 m. longa, inaequaliter pinnata; petiolus 39 cm. longus, supra anguste canaliculatus, carinatus in dorso; pinnae falcatae, apice an- gusto-acuminati, segmentum apicale 38 cm. longum, 8 cm. latum, nervi primarii 12, segmentum medium 48 cm. longum, 11 cm. latum, infimum angustum, 25 cm. longum, 2 cm. latum; spadix ca. 50 cm. longus, semel-ramosus, pars ramosa 22 cm. longa; rami 7, 19 cm. longi, 3-3.5 mm. in dia.; foveae spiraliter, in seriebus 5-7, ejusdem seriei sequentes inter partes aequales 9-16 mm. fere dissitae, bilabi- atae, labio inferiore protracto; flores staminati 3 mm. longi; fructus globosus, 10 mm. longus, 9 mm. latus, apex apiculatus, glaber, papillatus; semen 6 mm. longum, 6 mm. latum. Palm 2 m. tall; leaves about 1.29 m. long, unequally pinnate; petiole 39 cm. long, narrowly channeled above, keeled underneath; pinnae mostly glabrous, fal- cate, with narrowly acuminate tips, terminal segments 38 cm. long, 8 cm. wide, primary nerves 12, middle segments 48 cm. long, 11 cm. wide, lowermost segments narrow, 25 cm. long, 2 cm. wide; spadix about 50 cm. long, once branched, branched part 22 cm. long; branches 7, 19 cm. long, 3-3.5 mm. in dia.; pits arranged spirally in 5-7 series, 9-16 mm. apart between pits in the same series, bilabiate, lower lip protracted; staminate flowers 3 mm. long, fruit globose, 10 mm. x 9 mm., apex apiculate, glabrous, strongly papillose; seed 6 mm. x 6 mm. NICARAGUA: Dept. Matagalpa, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua, Santa Maria de Ostuma, between Matagalpa and Jinotega, dense forest, 1300-1500 m., Jan. 8, 1963, 23507. Another specimen (24980), also collected in the Department of Matagalpa, along road to Fundadora, apparently belongs here, too; however, the lowermost spadix branch is twice branched and there FIG. 2. Geonoma molinae Glassman (from 23507). A, Mature fruit; X5. B, Branched portion of flowering spadix; X2. C, Upper part of leaf showing pin- nae; XI. are 8-9 primary branches rather than 7. Other minor differences which may fall within the range of variability are: flowers 3.5 mm. long and differences in the width of the various pinnae. Geonoma molinae seems to be most closely related to G. poly- neura Burret from Guatemala, especially in the length of the spadix 8 GLASSMAN: NEW PALMS FROM NICARAGUA 9 branches, the arrangement of the bilabiate pits and the size of the flowers. It differs from G. polyneura in the fewer spadix branches (7-9 rather than 10-13) which are once branched or only the lower- most twice branched rather than twice branched throughout; the wider spadix branches (3-3.5 mm. rather than 2-2.5 mm.) and the glabrous rachis and primary nerves of the lower leaf surface rather than floccose-ciliate rachis and nerves are other differences. Publications 982 and 983 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA