. A e5e' 1 pind Sh 2 ea tte Pe 1 ST Rented pny THE KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN DEVOTED TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE RESULTS OF RESEARCH BY MEMBERS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Vol. XXVI (Whole Series, Vol. XXXVI) PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY LAWRENCE, KANSAS 1939 PRINTED BY KANSAS STATE PRINTING PLANT W. C. AUSTIN, STATE PRINTER TOPEKA 1940 18-2181 if CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXVI A Revision of the Genus Athysanella and Some Related Genera (Homoptera-Cicadellidae). EH. D. Ball and R. BOTT RCS. ca Ren ee et ne ee 5 art FEE? A. Contention to the Taxonomy of the Sub- family Issinae in America North of Mexico (Fulgoridae, iomeptena).-. Kathleen Doering: .i-..0.5 os. 0 hoa cme - 83 The Genus Norvellina (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). Dale ER IUASULO) ts Mey ade f) 0. 3 Shae sec as «eM a ik em 169 A Revision of the Genus Listronotus (Curculionidae: Cole- Sera) « LY dmMS. LH CNAeTSON. fx. Linck. ve ee ee as 218 Distribution Notes and Comments upon a Collection of Mexican Lepidoptera. Part I: Rhopalocera. Wm. D. LOBEL. oo 5 aE ES -GROLAG etter SA 339 Errata in Two Recent Papers on Taphrina. A.J. Miz.... 355 Morphological Differences in Taphrina Caerulescens upon Different Species of Quercus. Hdna Old Thompson..... 357 . A New Synaptomys from the Pleistocene. Claude W. Hib- POPC sot VSS Sele a p= Stele See ase 367 A New Pyonodont Fish from the Upper Cretaceous of Rus- sell County, Kansas. Claude W. Hibbard............. 373 The Dermestid Method of Cleaning Skeletons. Otto W. TE CMC ae ERs os sg. ss Lo Oe RIE 6 ee 377 . New Species of Mexican Anura. Edward H. Taylor...... 385 New Salamanders from Mexico, with a Discussion of Cer- tain Known Forms. Hdward H. Taylor.............;. 407 Mexican Snakes of the Genus Typhlops. Edward H. Tay- DOME ER xt UMMC Fae MN He aE ee. a ae 44] Some Mexican Serpents. Edward H. Taylor............. 445 Herpetological Miscellany. Edward H. Taylor.......... 489 (3) THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENCE BULLETIN Vou. XXVI] OcroBer 1, 1939 [No.1 — A Revision of the Genus Athysanella and Some Re- lated Genera (Homoptera-Cicadellidae) E. D. BALL AND R. H. BEAMER Department of Entomology, University of Kansas Apstracr: The following genera of leaf hoppers in America north of Mexico are revised: Athysanella, Gladionura, Amphipyga, Pectinapyga, Gil- lettiella and Doratura. Keys to the genera, subgenera and species are included, as well as illustrations of male genitalia and the last ventral segment of the females. Discusses 82 species, of which 65 are new. The new categories de- scribed and nomenclatorial changes made are as follows: new synonymy; Amphipyga Osb. (= Pectinapyga Osb.); Athysanella (Gladionura) sinuata Osb. (= Gladionura abbreviata Osb.); Athysanella gardenia Osb. (= Gladio- nura frigida Osb.); Athysanella robusta Bk. (= Athysanella montana Osb.) ; Athysanella (Amphipyga) aridella Osb. (=Amphipyga californica Osb.); Athysanella (Amphipyga) texana Osb. (= Gladionura aridicola Osb.); Athy- sanella (Amphipyga) attenuata Bk. (= Amphipyga alta Osb.) (= Athysanella extrusa Osb.); Athysanella (Amphipyga) occidentalis Bk. (= Athysanella minuta Bk.); Athysanella (Gladionura) curtipennis Gill. and Bk. (= Gladio- nura extensa Osb.); Gillettiella labiata (Gill.) (= Deltocephalus labiata var. rufus Gill.) ; new subgenera; Brachydella (type, Brachydella abdominalis nu. sp.; Pedumella (type, Pedumella spatulata n.sp.): Gladionura and Amphipyga are reduced to subgenera of Athysanella: new species described: Athysanella fredonia, Athysanella plana, Athysanella incerta, Athysanella parca, Athysanella laeta, Athysanella tenera, Athysanella aspersa, Athysanella globosa, Athy- sanella foeda, Athysanella kanabana, Athysanella salsa, Athysanella rostrata, Athysanella supina, Athysanella bifida, Athysanella planata, Athysanella (Am- phipyga) ardua, Athysanella (Amphipyga) playana, Athysanella (Amphipyga) rubicunda, Athysanella (Amphipyga) skullana, Athysanella (Amphipyga) triodana, Athysanella (Amphipyga) nimbata, Athysanella (Amphipyga) anzana, Athysanella (Amphipyga) obesa, Athysanella (Amphipyga) minor, Athysanella (Amphipyga) minor var. major, Athysanella (Amphipyga) turgida, Athysanella (Amphipyga) hamata, Athysanella (Amphipyga) wilburi, Athysanella (Am- phipyga) modesta, Athysanella (Amphipyga) kansana, Athysanella (Gladio- nura) dubia, Athysanella (Gladionura) truncata, Athysanella (Gladionura) blanda, Athysanella (Gladionura) blanda var. vana, Athysanella (Gladionura) callida, Athysanella (Gladionura) uncinata, Athysanella (Gladionura) casa, Aihysanella (Gladionura) alsa, Athysanella (Gladionura) rata, Athysanella (Gladionura) libera, Athysanella (Gladionura) molesta, Athysanella (Gladio- (5) 6 THe UntIversity ScreENCcE BULLETIN nura) adunca, Athysanella (Gladionura) sinuata var. lobata, Athysanella (Gladionura) lunata, Athysanella (Gladionura) concava, Athysanella (Gladio- nura) clavata, Athysanella (Gladionura) directa, Athysanella (Gladionura) nigriventralis, Athysanella (Gladionura) dentata, Athysanella (Gladionura) curvata, Athysanella (Gladionura) contracta, Athysanella (Gladionura) sagit- tata, Athysanella (Gladionura) arcana, Athysanella (Gladionura) diversa, Athysanella (Brachydella) abominalis, Athysanella (Pedumella) spatulata, Gillettiella fasciata. INDEX PAGE PAGE PAGE abbreviata 01.21. bale oasis ore bs)|/emanginata Gre .c anes eae ADH OB OSE: ceases’ oto soar o Rerun ere 34 ADGOMINALIS one cal es ee oe G4) CxCavataprresnsterldere heme G9) (occidentalisi=... jie crletemieiene 39 MCUTICANGA a\.%. cscs ne ec £:0°| Extensa aria soteisets vse Sere ete AB" NDANCE area crecetaresonelcte erlererete 15 SHUNCH ee ccctecjterel een SS OXbTUSA? Acie ate cueveelhe toners S| Pectinapyea, ot. cca SISA, Side oe cele o' aaiepoene AS! fascination i.e soec aa ntctee 69)| Pedumiell anise nicieialctelcieterets 65 BG Ass ctaies species cl or aterate cre BF): foed ay nth casueeor ee 2 LO), (lang toletoresststel Teaches «helene 13 AD DIV Oe Were ein vc atoverravere 26) |fredonid isco cermin veer L2)|| pldnata sce svsroevetrcteyavera 24 ASV ZETAEY eyo Mey oee ae. « slate tate tenes S23 ixigiday s)sjcisrecrss aeitanterior 1) splayana? acne... cence 27 ANCANAN tevcte eveitie,c a saeeratohene 62altfunculatar want. cece GON TAGE” aiercistoteus chehotebeteneuacelees 50 AT OUR separa at. ir ata aron teste Diipeardenigesvecvrrerraa acheter LDP |ivecurvaitays.c sialsth een ore ere £0! | sturgida wis = skc\avercketoessebeer nate 86 CULVER fercrave ese, c.sheis.e es ole BOW molestai tinier creat eee 52. auneinatas i oeck ek eens 47 CLETIUATE) = Swine @ ccs y cteie niet le 59 ’montanaes sass ove ne ide U8" \rutahnanseeeoc cee cee 22 CITOCER fate ce eiwlete o sieitetem ates Bie mecazaranss eset see elec BOOTIE NF. aiorcreleittelelontee oyoneenat 46 CUIVETSR Vhs lo tclo Wield etetentawisies G4 iinigrOrascia iit. ). ae feta tee PALI NA 'p by Co bf: Maneesene eich any ary cs ns 52 WIOVHUIat ey. siete eteretaions 69 | nigriventralis ........... B8ilnwilburie:2 ce: ee eee 38 UC ie = GtoGin bre oe ee ane M2 MIDE ee ape siete erate 80) |:yumana, 1525 e.os, cones 25 BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA i ge paper deals with the species of the following genera of leaf hoppers in North America north of Mexico: Athysanella Bk.; Gladionura Osb.; Amphipyga Osb.; Pectinapyga Osb.; Gillettiella Osb.; Doratura Shlb. (in America) ; Brachydella n. sub. g. and Pedu- mella n. sub. g. Gladionura and Amphipyga are reduced to sub- genera of Athysanella, Pectinapyga is placed as a synonym of Am- phipyga, and Doratura is reported for the first time in this country. The revision was begun several years ago because of the inability to classify satisfactorily the great amount of material then in the Snow Entomological Collection and the private collection of the senior author. Doctor Ball’s serious illness in February, 1937, very materially handicapped the progress of the work. However, in spite of this misfortune it seemed best to go ahead and finish the paper, omitting all host-plant records and life-history material, in the hope that Doctor Ball will again be able to go ahead with that portion of the study at some future date. Many thousands of specimens have been examined. Aside from all the material that was in the collections of the country, the Bio- logical Survey of the University of Kansas made this group a “spe- cial order of business” in the summers of 1935, 1936 and 1987, visiting especially those regions known to be most suitable to these insects. Special effort was made to obtain better series of some of the forms represented by too few specimens. As a result we have been able to study a great many individuals of most of the species. We have also been fortunate in being able to study all the available type material. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We desire to express our appreciation to all those individuals and institutions who have so generously aided us with loans of specimens. We are especially indebted to P. W. Oman of the United States Na- tional Museum for much helpful advice and comparisons of type material and to Dr. J. N. Knull of Ohio State University for the privilege of studying the Osborn types. DISTRIBUTION The members of this group of leaf hoppers are pretty well scattered over North America, but since they feed entirely upon grasses and the most of them upon the so-called ‘“‘short-grasses,”’ we find a con- centration of species in the desert. regions of the Southwest. Ari- zona, New Mexico, Colorado and Kansas have yielded by far the most of our forms. Some of the species seem to have a wide dis- (9 a) THe University ScreENcE BULLETIN tribution, while others are quite restricted. This can probably be correlated with food-plant distribution. TECHNIQUE This study is based largely on male external and internal genitalia. Slide mounts are made by removing the abdomen of the male, plac- ing it in ten percent caustic for a short time (1-2 minutes) until cleared, transferring to water, then to a drop of glycerine, where the pygofers are removed from the plates by splitting the body wall along the sides and rupturing it about the base of the aedeagus. These two portions are then mounted in diaphane inside down on glass slides. Cover slips are pressed uniformly in place in order to give each structure as nearly the same view as possible. Negative prints on photostat paper have been made from these slides by projection and are used in our plates. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS The head-shape and the type of male genitalia are used for generic separation. The presence or absence of a spine on the hind tibia, to- gether with the shape of the pygofer of the male, forms the basis for subgeneric distinction and the shape of the male plates, styles, aede- agi, and the last ventral segment of the females plus the usual pres- ence or absence of round, black spots on the margin of the vertex, forms the basis for the separation of species. Genitalic characters have proven much more stable than vertexal or color. Each species usually has both a short- and a long-winged form, especially in the female, the short-winged individuals predominating During our study of thousands of individuals we have been im- pressed by the numerous examples of freaks of both sexes; that is, specimens in which both internal and external parts of the genitalia are only partially developed. As to what may have caused this ab- normality we have no suggestions to make. It has not been un- common to find one freak in every twenty-five specimens. It is entirely possible, therefore, as has occurred, to have one of these undeveloped individuals described as the type of a species. TAXONOMIC POSITION This group of leaf hoppers belongs to the subfamily Jassinae, which is distinguished from other subfamilies of the Cicadellidae by having ocelli on or near the margin of the vertex. They are usually short winged with indistinct venation and the females usually have long, sharp ovipositors, BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 9 Kry to GENERA 1. Vertex margin between ocelli thick, rounding to front, or if vertex margin is sharp Wit AES CTONE ADE KG smkIN Chol leisererayerciercreners (chewelaNe s/s cs/ocele\c oe o's = nfo s’risiaueanis Selmisten 6 2 Vertex margin between ocelli foliaceous; no spur on apex of hind tibia of iN Ba atohs boas Oo cos no oA eee Soe aoe oo hon bho UCU CO EROEn IENeNe Doratura, p. 69 ON BEeandlon ge seyCOMe= SHAPE yay evel. s 2 s)ieterel-aclahats aid) siesta) sista inte le) Siopetere i's; >) 5 wie. Gillettiella, p. 67 Head broadly angled, not cone-shaped...........0.-+2eeseeeetecced Athysanella, p. 9 THE GEenus ATHYSANELLA C. F. Baker described the genus Athysanella in 1898 (Psyche, Vol. VIII, p. 185), designating A. magdalena Bk. type. In 1930 (Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., Dec., pp. 687-721) H. Osborn, in a revision of the genus, described four new genera: Gillettiella, Pectinapyga, Am- phipyga, and Gladionura. After a study of the many thousands of specimens the authors were convinced that a truer picture of rela- tionships would be shown by retaining Gilletiella, placing Pectin- apyga as a synonym of Ahphipyga, and reducing Gladionura and Amphipyga to subgenera of Athysanella. To complete this picture it was necessary to describe two more subgenera: Brachydella and Pedumella. , These leaf hoppers are usually small, less than 6.5mm. in length, with vertex angled to rounded, usually brachypterous, some long winged forms present in each species, venation indistinct, ovipositor of female usually long and sharp and male genitalia usually large and of a more or less open type. Kry To SUBGENERA OF ATHYSANELLA 1. Male pygofer ending in a hook or long narrowed process at outer ventral corner.... 2 Malenpy rorersOTOAdbyc TOUN GEG hin. teeta s ate eircteae resi el etat al oie) aliotek eee Se a oo Naueue ier aleveha enc 3 Pind atibianot maleswithelancessp Urewt: ape xalcisn cvetereicteis ope cecuarsve cleusini tavous eisle clictoiel» a's 4 Hind tibia of male without large spur at apex.............-eeeeeeeee Pedumella, p. 65 Sends tibiaroh maleswith spur abeapexien ai amusreys cielo alee er siete eens ceed Athysanella, p. 9 Hind wiibia of=male without) Spursat) Apex ais cic o clersie -ieiclele sees wnelorate Amphipyga, p. 25 4. Vertex margin from eye to eye broadly rounded, very sharp, disc con- GA Gr tote atere at atayes chard letey ales ioliotons, i ahatle! a; ohh ce fecstusuaitay sh ahiateitaccal osuctehe tah etrarerails. parce Brachydella, p. 64 Vertex margin from eye to eye more or less angular, never extremely SLAM aa game Ca et ciet eee ah ouch aleates is eases SE aris) stro tere os ein Nal icomey heweeeaate ensrass Gladionura, p. 42 The Subgenus ATHYSANELLA Bk. Athysanella-like leaf hoppers, the males of which have rounded pygofers and spurs on apex of hind tibia. Type of the genus A. magdalena Bk. Key To THE SPECIES OF ATHYSANELLA 1: Usually with two or three round, black spots on margin of vertex......... 2 Usually without round, black spots on margin of vertex................... 13 Zee) OO LeT CHING KON Styles Dil Care sweety nave helene tr ci ote cate ec iers See te een eve Siw enderaters 4 Outersthirdorsstylesnot: Dilid s-aerete mes ote ea ne ke eas totale eee 3 Serle styles protruding’ beyoudiplates.e ls ascii occ meres elclcle aoe cic gardenia, p. 11 Stylesuaboutcas one asi platesmaryacieeoniectisie ios © ae kiee an okies globosa, p. 18 10 6. 10. ns OF 13. 14, 15. 16. at 18. 21. 22. THe University SciIENCE BULLETIN (2) Plates long with apices sharp pointed, last ventral segment of female with median lobe much longer and broader than laterals................ magdalena, p. Plates rounded; last ventral segment of female with median lobe not longer and broader ethan ala tern ls iicjcyfovescisteratalis iolayerovevey ate in cvepoi Nene euehettoloncrst es evetey ee ape 5 (4) Dorsal and ventral points of style extending caudally about the same....... 6 Dorsal point of style extending much further caudad than ventral.......... 11 (5) Excavation between points of style very slight............. ce cece eee eee 7 Excavation quite deep between points of style........ 0c c cece eee eee eens 8 (6) Warsal point Of style sharp) ab VAMexicsier reise Ds Ball, Holotype, allotype and paratypes in Snow Entomological Col- lection. Paratypes in Ball coliection. 29. Athysanella (Amphipyga) nimbata n. sp. Resembling texana, but much larger, face usually solid black and without comb on pygofer. Length: Male, 3.25 mm.; female, 4 mm. Vertex flat or excavated, margins sharp, style not visible ex- ternally. Color yellowish-green; vertex often with a fuscous dash at apex; dorsum of abdomen with usual rows of fuscous spots; venter usually black, especially the entire face. Genitalia. Posterior margin last ventral segment of female al- most truncate, slightly protruding at middle; male valve broadly rounded; plates about as wide at base as valve, sinuately narrowed on outer margin to rounded apices; aedeagus short, in dorsoventral view very broad at base tapering to rather short apex. Pygofer broadly rounded. BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 31 Holotype male, allotype female, 7 long winged, 1 short winged, female paratypes, Baboquivari Mts., Arizona, August 29, 1931, E. D. Ball; other paratypes as follows: 4 pairs, Patagonia, Ariz., June 24, 1933, R. H. Beamer; 2 females and 10 males, Patagonia, Ariz., June 24, 1933, P. W. Oman; 4 pairs, Tucson, Ariz., September 1, 1929, E. D. Ball. Additional specimens are at hand from Chiricahua Mts., Arizona, Santa Rita Mts., Arizona, and Tombstone, Ariz. Holotype and allotype in collection of E. D. Ball, paratypes in Snow Entomological Collection and that of United States National Museum. 30. Athysanella (Amphipyga) texana (Osb.) Pectinapyga terana Osborn, H. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., P. 697, 1930. Gladionura aridicola Osborn, H. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., P. 707, 1930. About the size of occidentalis, but with vertex flat, margins flat and lacking round, black spots. Length, 2-4 mm. Vertex flat to excavated, margins sharp; style not usually visible externally. Color cinereous, varying from almost without dark marks to quite heavily marked specimens. Gemtalia. Pygofer of male narrowed to a triangular shape with apex rounded, apex containing a small comblike plate; valve shorter than preceding segment, angular; plates wider at base than valve, strongly constricted on outer margin near middle, apices rounded; style enlarged on outer half with a deep and sharp angular excava- tion on outer margin, apex sharp. Last ventral segment of female longer than preceding, posterior margin shallowly excavated either side a broad, slightly protruding middle portion. Types examined. Specimens at hand from Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. The Kansas specimens are quite consistently larger than the Texas forms. The presence of the comblike structure does not seem sufficient for generic rank, especially when we find species like nimbata and triodana which are so like texana, but do not have this structure. The genus Pectinapyga is therefore placed in the subgenus Am- phipyga. The female Holotype of Gladionura aridicola Osb. was examined and is unquestionably a specimen of texana, it therefore becomes a synonym of this species. The male allotype of Gladionura aridi- cola is a specimen of Athysanella yumana Osb. 32 THE UNIversity SciENCE BULLETIN 31. Athysanella (Amphipyga) anzana n. sp. Resembling playana, but smaller, plates of male longer, finger of style shorter, more slender, with a distinct excavation between it and apex of shaft, and aedeagus much shorter with larger. serrated apex. Length: Male, 3 mm.; female, 4 mm. Vertex flat, margins rather acute, styles of male usually exposed. Color cinereous, usually with dark marks; vertex with two small black spots on margin either side of apex and two short diverging dashes just back of apex; pronotum with a semblance of cross row of spots; elytra and abdomen with usual longitudinal dark stripes. Genitalia. Pygofers broadly rounded. Valve angular; plates about as wide as valve at base, very short, scarcely reaching beyond valve, slightly narrowed to truncate apices; styles with long finger- like process on inner margin. Aedeagus short, broadening to rounded tip, ventrally serrate on outer third. Last ventral segment of fe- male with posterior margin slightly produced. Holotype male, allotype female, 5 males and 1 female paratypes, Anza, Cal., August 6, 1932, J. D. and*R. H. Beamer. Types in Snow Entomological Collection. 32. Athysanella (Amphipyga) balli Osb. Amphipyga balli Osborn, Herbert, Bull. 14, Ohio Biol. Survey, 1928, p. 289. A beautiful species with its black spots on margin of vertex, its dark oblique vittae of elytra, and characterized by the fingerlike projection on inner margin of style and widely separated triangular plates, with very short inner margins. Genitalia. Pygofer of male almost rectangular; valve about as long as preceding segment, angular; plates broader at base than valve, short, about as long as valve with truncate apices; style en- larged on outer half, angularly excavated on outer fourth leaving a fingerlike projection. Last ventral segment of female about as long as preceding, lateral margins rounded into short processes, posterior margin slightly excavated to rounding, shghtly produced median portion, sometimes a slight indication of notch either side middle. Holotype female, Marietta, Ohio, September 13, 1905; allotype male, Columbus, Ohio, July 22, so labeled in Osborn collection are here designated.* Other specimens are at hand from Kansas and lowa. * Professor Osborn in his revision of this group of insects in the Annals, 1930, is often indefinite and failed to follow a uniform practice in his designation of types. Designations will be made and his intent followed wherever possible. BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 33 33. Athysanella (Amphipyga) stylata Osb. Amphipyga stylata Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Vol. XXIII, p. 694, 1930. Resembling reticulata Osb. very closely, but may be separated from it by the more rounded apices of the male plates, by the longer fingerlike process of the style, by the shorter aedeagus, with one point at apex, and by the posterior margin of last ventral segment of female being convex. Vertex flat to convex, margins rather sharp; styles of males usually exposed. Color cinereous with darker markings; vertex with two or three black spots on margin, usually a pair of dashes just back of apex and often a pair of comma-shaped marks at base; veins of elytra often light with dark longitudinal stripes more or less in evidence. Gemtalia. Pygofer of male broadly rounded. Valve obtusely rounded; plates about as broad as valve at base, very slightly nar- rowed on outer margin, inner margin broadly separated, diverging to rounded apices; styles with right-angled notch near outer third, inner fingerlike process about one-third longer than width of shaft at notch; aedeagus in lateral view widened and ventral margin serrate on outer half with small tooth at apex. Last ventral seg- ment of female with lateral margins slightly produced, posterior margin evenly rounded from these small projections. Holotype female, allotype male, Grand Junction, Colo., H. Osborn, so labeled in Osborn collection are here designated. Numerous specimens of both sexes are at hand from Palisades, Colo., August 16, 1936, R. H. Beamer. 34. Athysanella (Amphipyga) reticulata Osb. Amphipyga reticulata Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Vol. XXIII, p. 691, 1930. Resembling balli Osb., but without heavy, dark markings; is larger, aedeagus longer with larger ventral serrations, male plates longer and sharper and posterior margin of last ventral segment of female is excavated instead of produced. Length: Female, 4 mm. Vertex hardly flat, margins rounded. Color cinereous; vertex with two round, black spots; elytra with veins lighter, with tendency to brown longitudinal stripes; abdomen with usual spotting. ; Genitalia. Male pygofer broadly rounded. Valve obtusely angled; plates as broad as valve at base, mesal margins separated at base, sharply diverging to sharp apices; styles with right-angled notch at apex, fingerlike inner process about as long as width of shaft at notch. Aedeagus in lateral view with sides almost parallel, ventral 3—2181 34. THE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN margin roughly serrate, apex apparently with two teeth. Last ven- tral segment of female with lateral margins produced, posterior margin excavated with slightly produced median tooth. Although the original description says “Described from two fe- males from the collection of E. D. Ball, Elsinore, Utah, April 22, 1906,” there are three females in Doctor Ball’s collection from Elsi- nore, Utah, 2 with paratype labels and one with the printed word “Type.” This latter specimen is here designated holotype. The male, Monroe, Utah, July 25, 1906, described above, does not have black spots of vertex, so it is not here designated. Types in Ball collection. 35. Athysanella (Amphipyga) aridella Osb. Amphipyga aridella Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Dec., 1930, p. 693. Amphipyga californica Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Dec., 1930, p. 696. This species resembles occidentalis, but is usually more reddish in color and characterized by a distinct tooth on the outer margin of an otherwise rather blunt pygofer. Length, 1.75-2.25 mm. Vertex not flat, margins rounded; style of male not exposed. Color stramineous with a reddish tinge with two large, round, black spots on margin of vertex, and sometimes a tiny apical spot. Genitalia. Pygofer of male narrowed to blunt apex with a sharp tooth on ventral corner; valve about as long as preceding segment, obtusely rounded; plates broader than valve at base, sides converg- ing to rounded apices; style enlarged on outer half, clavate with rounded apex; aedeagus in lateral view with sides almost parallel, curved dorsally, ending in a light hook, in ventral view enlarged on outer half, margin serrated, apex sharp. Last ventral segment of female about as long as preceding, lateral margins rounded, poste- rior margin slightly excavated from lateral lobes to a median lobe of about same length. Holotype female and lectoallotype male, Tucson, Ariz., Herbert Osborn, are here designated. Although no types were designated in the original description, a female from Tucson bore a holotype label. Another female from Mojave, Cal., bore the allotype label. Therefore, some error in placing this last label was made. A paratype male from the Osborn collection is therefore chosen for the lectoallotype. 36. Athysanella (Amphipyga) obesa n. sp. Resembling aridella Osb., but much larger, male plates much sharper, styles more slender, and last ventral segment of female with lateral margins rounded to slightly excavated posterior mar- gin. Length: Male, 3 mm.; female, 4 mm. BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 35 Vertex scarcely flat, margins rounded; styles not exposed. Color cinereous; two black spots on margin of vertex; veins of elytra lighter; usual spotting on dorsum of abdomen. Genitalia. Pygofer of male large, narrowed to blunt apices with large tooth on ventral corner; valve shorter than preceding segment, roundingly obtuse; plates wider at base than valve, inner margins touching at base, rounding to rather sharp apices with a fuscous spot; style clavate on outer half with small protuberance on outside, apex rounded; aedeagus in lateral view slightly wider near middle, ending in sharp beaklike tip, in dorsoventral view flaring on outer half, with serrate edges. Last ventral segment of female shghtly shorter than preceding, lateral margins broadly rounded, shallowly excavated posterior margin. Holotype male, allotype female, and 2 male paratypes, Calhan, Colo., August 19, 1986, R. H. Beamer; other paratypes, 1 male, Mustang Mt., Arizona, June 12, 1933; 2 females and 1 male, Sander- son, Tex., June 5, 1933, P. W. Oman; 1 female, Garden of the Gods, Colorado, August 19, 1936; 1 male, Sturgis, S. Dak., July 22, 1935, P. W. Oman; 3 males and 1 female, Mustang Mt., Arizona, June 12, 1933, P. W. Oman. Types in Snow Entomological Collection, para- types in United States National Museum and collection of E. D. Ball. 37. Athysanella (Amphipyga) minor n. sp. Resembling in general appearance occidentalis, and in genitalia aridella. It may be separated from the first by the large tooth on the posteroventral corner of pygofer and from the latter by the broad, angularly truncated plates with the protruding styles. Length: Female, 3 mm.; male, 2.25 mm. : Vertex obtusely angled, wider than pronotum, slightly wider than median length. Color. Generally dark. Vertex with apical spot and rectangular one either side black; pair of small triangles back of apical spot and a pair of median longitudinal, almost parallel, stripes reaching base with short dash outside these and a longer one next eyes. Pro- notum with an irregular row of black spots on anterior margin. Elytra dark with veins lighter. Abdomen dark with lighter longi- tudinal vitae and rows of spots. Genitalia. Last ventral segment of female slightly narrower than preceding; posterior margin very slightly trilobed. Male valve ob- tusely rounded; plates about as wide at base as valve, shghtly nar- rowed to truncated apices with outer margins longer; styles apically 36 THE UNIversity ScieENcE BULLETIN enlarged, slightly protruding. Aedeagus slightly curved dorsally, in dorsoventral view enlarged on outer third to form a diamond- shaped tip. Pygofers more than twice as long as wide, posteroven- tral corner with a large tooth. Holotype male, allotype female, 20 female and 25 male paratypes, Campo, Cal., August 10, 1985, R. H. Beamer. 37a. Athysanella (Amphipyga) minor var. major n. var. Like minor Ball and Beamer, but much larger, with aedeagus en- larged on outer half, sharper pointed, with tooth of pygofer more pronounced and with apices of plates slightly excavated and outer corner more pronounced. Length: Female, 3.75 mm.; male, 2.75 mm. Holotype male, allotype female, 4 male and 8 female paratypes, Newton, Cal., June 1, 1985, P. W. Oman. 38. Athysanella (Amphipyga) turgida n. sp. Resembling playana, but vertex usually with black spots on mar- gin; style curved dorsad at apex and aedeagus much enlarged at apex. Length: Male, 2.75 mm.; female, 4 mm. Vertex flat, margins rounded; styles exposed externally. Color cinereous, usually with three black spots on margin of ver- tex and disc more or less infuscated; pronotum and elytra with or without dark markings; dorsum of abdomen with usual dark spots. Genitalia. Last ventral segment of female more than twice as wide as preceding, lateral margins definitely extended, posterior margin roundingly excavated to form a convex mesal portion slightly shorter than lateral corners. Male valve angular, plates very short, not exceeding valve, about as broad at base as valve, rounded to blunt apices, widely separated on mesal margin. Style long, swollen on outer third, narrowed to slender curving tip. Aedeagus in lateral view gradually broadened to truncate tip. Holotype male, allotype female, 5 male and 6 female paratypes, Boulder Dam, Ariz., September 16, 1934, E. D. Ball; other para- types, 7 males, 10 females, Yuma, Ariz., March 30, 1932, E. D. Ball; 3 females, 12 males, San Jacinto Mts., California, east of Pinon Flats, June 4, 1935, P. W. Oman; 2 females, Alamo, Ariz., August 14, 1935; 2 males and 3 females, Sentinel, Ariz., August 24, 1938, R. H. Beamer. Types and paratypes in collection of E. D. Ball, paratypes in United States National Museum and in Snow Entomo- logical Collection. BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 37 39. Athysanella (Amphipyga) hamata n. sp. Resembling acuticauda, but male pygofers about half as wide, plates sinuate on inner margin, styles with apical outward turning hook and last ventral segment of female with lateral angles round- ing to a broad curved median projection. Length: Male, 2.75 mm.; female, 4mm. Vertex flat, margins rounded; style not exposed. Color cinereous to yellowish-green; usually with two large and one small black spot on margin of vertex; elytra with veins usually lighter, with or without dark markings; abdomen usually with cus- tomary dark spotting. Genitalia. Pygofer narrowed apically to about one-third median width. Male valve obtusely angulate, plates as broad at base as valve, concavely narrowed on both margins to rather sharp apices. Styles long, swollen on outer third, sharply narrowed to outward curving hook at apex. Aedeagus almost straight in lateral view, much thicker at base than at apex, ventral serrations fine. Holotype male, allotype female, 7 male and 11 female paratypes, Santa Fe, N. Mex., July 20, 1936, R. H. Beamer; one paratype, Antonio, Colo., August 5, 1900; 4 male and 7 female paratypes, Laramie, Wyo., July 30, 1985, P. W. Oman. Types and paratypes in Snow Entomological Collection. Paratypes in Agricultural Col- lege Collection, Fort Collins, Colo., and United States National Museum. A nice series of what is apparently this species are at hand from Pecos, N. Mex., P. W. Oman. They lack the round, black spots on the margin of the vertex and are therefore not in- cluded in the paratype series. 40. Athysanella (Amphipyga) attenuata Baker Athysanella attenuata Baker, C. F., Psyche, 1898, p. 188. Amphypyga alta Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Dec., 1930, p. 693. Athysanella extrusa Osborn, Herbert, Annals Ent. Soc. Am., Dec., 1930, p. 703. This is one of the largest species in this genus. Described from four males and numerous females from Colorado. The species is easily characterized by the avicephaliform pygofer and its large size. Length: Male, 4 mm.; female, 5 mm. Vertex flat, margins angular; styles hidden. Color cinereous marked with fuscous; vertex with or without two or three black spots; veins of elytra usually lighter; sometimes with brown longitudinal stripes; abdomen with usual spots. Genitalia. Pygofer of male narrowed to an avicephaliform apex with beak on ventral margin; valve almost twice as long as preced- 3 Tue UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN D ing segment, angular; plates wider at base than valve, inner margins almost touching at base, rounded to outer margin to form sharp apices, characteristic dark spot on inner margin one-third distance from apex; style clavate, process distinct on outer margin just be- fore club, apex rather slender; aedeagus in lateral view large, widest at tip with a serrated flangelike projection on all four margins on outer fourth. The last ventral segment of female considerably longer than preceding, lateral margins excavate to rounded corners, poste- rior margin very slightly produced throughout about two-thirds middle portion. Lectoholotype brachypterous female, Fort Collins, Colo., August 18, 1935, C. F. Baker (Colorado, 1600), bearing Baker’s red deter- mination label. Lectoallotype, brachypterous male, Fort Collins, Colo., August 6, 1895, C. F. Baker (Colorado, 1589), are here des- ignated. Types in United States National Museum. This is one of the commonest species throughout its range. Speci- mens have been examined from Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Arizona, Utah, Montana, and Wyoming. Types of the species placed in synonymy have been examined. Those of alto Osb. are specimens of attenuata that lack the black spots, a common occurrence. In extrusa the females are all attenu- ata and the males another species. Since a female was designated and labeled holotype, the name must fall. The original difficulty ‘ame about through the incorrect association of a male for attenu- ata, thus dislocating several forms. 41. Athysanella (Amphipyga) wilburi n. sp. Resembling in general size and coloring acuticauda Bk., from which it may be separated by the long median projection on the posterior margin of the last ventral segment of the female and by the large serrated median hump on the ventral margin of the aedea- gus. Length: Female, 3.75 mm.; male, 2.75 mm. Vertex roundingly angled, lightly longer at middle than width between eyes. Males without spines on hind tibiae. Color. General color stramineous. Vertex with small apical spot and larger rectangular one either side, black. Veins of elytra lighter. Abdomen flecked with darker spots. Genitalia. Last ventral segment of female with lateral angles rounded to a very long quadrangular median process, about as long as width of segment. Median portion of segment often darkened. Male valve roundingly obtuse. Plates about as wide at base as valve, sinuately narrowed to rounded apices, black spot apically outside BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA of middle. Aedeagus in lateral view slightly curved dorsally with large serrated median hump on ventral margin. Holotype male, allotype female, and numerous male and femele paratypes, Medora, Kan., June 25, 1936, R. H. Beamer and P. W. Oman. Additional paratypes as follows: 1 female, McPherson county, Kansas, June 28, 1923; 1 female, Dodge City, Kan., July 2, 1935; 10 pairs, Sandhills, Medora, Kan., D. A. Wilbur. This species is named in honor of Prof. D. A. Wilbur, Manhattan, Kan., who has collected a great many interesting Kansas Cicadellids. 42. Athysanella (Amphipyga) occidentalis Baker Athysanella occidentalis Baker, C. F., Psyche, March, 1898, p. 186. Athysanella minuta Baker, C. F., Psyche, March, 1898, p. 189. Resembling acuticauda, but smaller, plates of male usually con- tiguous at base, aedeagus serrated on dorsal margin and median lobe of last ventral segment of female extending beyond laterals. Length: Male, 2 mm.; female, 3 mm. Vertex flat, margins rounding, style hidden. Color tawny gray; vertex with two large, black spots and usualiy a smaller apical one; elytra with veins lighter; usual dark spots on dorsum of abdomen. Genitalia. Pygofer of male narrowed to roundingly sharp valve about one-third longer than preceding segment, obtusely rounded; plates wider than valve at base, contiguous at base on inner margin, outer margin strongly excavated on outer half, inner margin round- ing to rather sharp point; style enlarged on outer half with earlke projection on outer margin near middle, apex rounded; aedeagus in lateral view widest near outer third, serrate on dorsal margin, ven- tral margin rounding at tip to sharp apex. Last ventral segment of female of about same length as preceding, lateral margins excavated to rounded corners, posterior margin with middle portion roundingly produced, always longer than lateral corners. Lectoholotype brachypterous female, Fort Collins, Colo., June, C. F. Baker (Colorado 1638), bearing Bakers’s red determination label. Allotype, brachypterous male, Fort Collins, Colo., July 19, 1935, P. W. Oman. Types in United States National Museum. Specimens have been examined from Colorado, South Dakota, Kansas, New Mexico, Arizona, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming, Washing- ton, British Columbia, and Montana. 40 THe UNIversity ScrIENCE BULLETIN 43. Athysanella (Amphipyga) acuticauda Baker Athysanella acuticauda Baker, C. F., Psyche, March 1898, p. 187. Resembling occidentalis, but much larger, plates widely sepa- rated at base; aedeagus serrated on ventral margin and last ventral segment of female with posterior margin almost straight across. Length: Male, 3 mm.; female, 4 mm. Vertex flat, margins rounded, plates open, styles more or less visible. Color dark yellowish-gray, heavily marked with fuscous. Vertex with two large black spots on margin and smaller one at apex; disk often embrowned; elytra dark with hght veins; dorsum of abdomen with usual dark marks. Genitalia. Pygofer of male narrowed on ventral margin to blunt corner on inner margin (view under a slip); valve longer than pre- ceding segment, obtusely rounded; plates broader at base than valve, separated by about half their width at tip of valve, inner margin angled to sharp apices, outer margin slightly excavated on outer third; style enlarged on outer half, clavate, apex oval; aedeagus in lateral view curved dorsally, widest at base with a few large serrations on ventral margin. Last ventral segment of female con- siderably longer than preceding, lateral margins slightly excavated to fairly angular corners, posterior margin slightly excavated to almost flat middle portion. Lectoholotype female, brachypterous, Campton’s, Colorado, alti- tude, 7,000 ft., July 21, 1895, C. F. Baker (Colorado, 1580), bearing Baker’s red determination label. Lectoallotype, brachypterous male, Algonquin, Ill., August 1, 1895. In United States National Museum. Specimens have been examined from Maine, New Hampshire, Michi- gan, Wisconsin, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, South Dakota, North Dakota, Minnesota, and Wyoming. 44. Athysanella (Amphipyga) modesta n. sp. Resembling occidentalis Baker, but with lateral margins of last ventral segment of female sharply emarginate, leaving a very broad and long median projection which is slightly excavated mesally, male plates much shorter with broad apices and pygofer of male longer and more slender. Length: Male, 2.75mm.; female, 3 mm. Vertex flat, margins rounded; style usually hidden. Color cinereous, heavily embrowned; vertex with two large black spots on margin, smaller one at apex, disc more or less embrowned; anterior half of pronotum heavily spotted, remainder embrowned; BALL AND BEAMER: GENUS ATHYSANELLA 41 elytra brown with veins lighter; abdomen with usual brown spots and stripes. Genitalia. Last ventral segment of female about a third longer than wide, lateral margins sharply emarginate to a very long and broad median projection shallowly excavated mesally on posterior margin. Male valve broadly rounded, almost as long as wide; plates quite short, about as wide at base as valve, slightly narrowed to broad, almost truncate tips. Pygofer of male long and narrow, apices about one-fourth basal width. Holotype male, allotype female, and 14 pairs of paratypes, Lock- wood, Cal., July 24, 1935, R. H. Beamer. Types in Snow Ento- mological Collection. 45. Athysanella (Amphipyga) kansana n. sp. Resembling acuticauda, but plates of male more rounded at apex with a slight excavation on inner margin, separated about half as far as in acuticauda, apical half of style not enlarged into clubs and last ventral segment of female with median lobe distinctly longer than laterals. Length: Male, 3.5 mm.; female, 4.5 mm. Vertex flat, margins rounding, styles usually hidden. Color cinereous, heavily embrowned; vertex with two black spots on margin and a smaller one on apex, dise with embrowned area near base and pair of angled dashes at each side; elytra dark with veins lighter; abdomen with usual dark areas. Genitalia. Pygofer of male narrowed to rounded apex; valve about as long as preceding segment, angular; plates wider at base than valve, separated by a distance about equal to width of dark area of tips, rapidly narrowed to narrow apices, inner margin slightly excavated; aedeagus in lateral view tapering from base to apex, shghtly curved dorsally with rather fine serrations on ventral mar- gin; style in lateral view with long tooth on outer margin near middle, tapered from there to rather blunt apex. Last ventral seg- ment of female longer than preceding, lateral margins excavated for about half their length to rounded lateral corners, posterior margin slightly excavated from lateral lobes to a distinct, broader median lobe. Holotype male, allotype female, and numerous paratypes, Nicker- son, Kan., June 26, 1936, R. H. Beamer; other paratypes as follows: 10 males, 5 females, Sterling, Kan., June 26, 1936, P. W. Oman. Types and paratypes in Snow Entomological Collection, paratypes in United States National Museum and collection of E. D. Ball. 42 a spur at apex. (Uhl.). nD 10. Ut. 13. 14. THE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN Subgenus GuiapionuRA Osborn Athysanella-like leaf hoppers with male pygofer narrowed to black hook or process on outer ventral portion and hind tibia with KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GLADIONURA With a round, black spot on margin of vertex midway between eye and apex.... 2 Without: such’4.round, iblack